Teachers

Open Access Article

1 - Investigating the relationship between multicultural management and sports in schools
Atefeh khodabakhshi Zynalabedin Fallah Amir Montazeri Taher Bahlekeh

Abstract: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between the multicultural management model and sports in schools, which was done in a quantitative and mixed method. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the study inclu More

Abstract: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the relationship between the multicultural management model and sports in schools, which was done in a quantitative and mixed method. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the study included all the physical education teachers of the country (N=34000). The statistical sample in this study was considered to be 380 people according to the Karjesi and Morgan table, and the sampling was done using the random cluster method. The data needed to identify the components and analyze the measurement model were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, after obtaining validity (face, content and structure) and validation. Cronbach's alpha method (α=0.91) was used to calculate the reliability of the instrument, and exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equations were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was done using SPSS and Lisrel software. Examining and testing the structural equation model of the research showed that the general indicators of fit are in a suitable and favorable condition. So, the antecedent variable of multicultural management has a positive and significant effect on the variable of multicultural management process. Also, the multicultural management process variable has a positive and significant effect on the multicultural management results variable. In addition, the indirect effect of the antecedent variable of multicultural management on the outcome variable of multicultural management was significant, and in the meantime, the variable of multicultural management process played a mediating role. Therefore, the administrators and senior managers and decision-makers of the Ministry of Education should have a special look at multicultural schools and by strengthening and equipping these schools in a fair manner, they should create empathy in the country and prevent suspicions of ethnic discrimination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Study of Jihadi culture and Islamic work ethics with job performance in physical education teachers
omid safari

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between Jihadi culture and Islamic work ethics with job performance in physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities. This research was applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical p More

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between Jihadi culture and Islamic work ethics with job performance in physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities. This research was applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the physical education teachers of Mamsani and Rostam cities in number of 89 people, out of which 85 people cooperated with the researcher as a sample and using the total number sampling method. The tools of data collection were the standard questionnaires of jihadi culture by Mandari et al. (2015), Islamic work ethic by Ali (1988) and job performance by Patterson et al. (2004). Descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between jihadi culture and Islamic work ethics with job performance, and also jihadi culture and Islamic work ethics have the ability to significantly predict the subjects' job performance. (P ≤ 0.01). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The relationship between political behaviors and strategic thinking with hypocritical behaviors in physical education teachers
omid safari

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between political behaviors and strategic thinking with hypocritical behaviors in physical education teachers of Kazerun city. This research was applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical pop More

The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between political behaviors and strategic thinking with hypocritical behaviors in physical education teachers of Kazerun city. This research was applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the physical education teachers of Kazeron city in the number of 97 people, of which 83 people cooperated with the researcher as a sample and using the total number sampling method. The tools of data collection were the standard questionnaires of Dobrin's political behaviors (1978), Goldman's strategic thinking (2005) and Danai Fred et al.'s hypocritical behaviors (2013). Descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between political behaviors and hypocritical behaviors, and there was a negative and significant relationship between strategic thinking and hypocritical behaviors, and the results of the research showed that political behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the hypocritical behavior of the subjects(P ≤ 0.01)ionship between strategic thinking and hypocritical behaviors, and the results of the research showed that political behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the hypocritical behavior of the subjects(P ≤ 0.01)onship between strategic thinking and hypocritical behaviors, and the results of the research showed that political behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the hypocritical behavior of the subjects(P ≤ 0.01)olitical behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the hypocritical behavior of the subjects(P ≤ 0.0olitical behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the hypocritical behavior of the subjects(P ≤ 0.0olitical behaviors and strategic thinking have significant predictive ability. It has the . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Investigating the mediating role of stubbornness in the relationship between habit and intention of cyber security behavior in physical education teachers of South Khorasan province
kazem Cheraghbirjandi Fateme Hamidi Fateme Shekhi molashahi Fateme Alidoost

10.30495/jism.2023.73576.1043

stubbornness habit security teachers

stubbornness habit security teachers Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Evaluation of the level of familiarity with sports law among physical education teachers in the west of Fars province
ahmad torkrar rahim shirazinejad saeedeh zabihi seyd gholamreza shojaee kambiz ayoubzadeh

10.30495/jism.2022.21698

The current research was designed and implemented with the aim of the level of familiarity with sports law among physical education teachers in the west of Fars province. In terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the descriptive data collection method, this rese More

The current research was designed and implemented with the aim of the level of familiarity with sports law among physical education teachers in the west of Fars province. In terms of its practical purpose and in terms of the descriptive data collection method, this research is of the type of analytical studies, the data collection of which was carried out in the field. The statistical population of the qualitative section included all the elites who are aware of the research topic, and based on the purposeful sampling method until reaching theoretical saturation, 14 people were selected as the research sample; And in the quantitative part, the statistical population of the research includes all physical education teachers in the west of Fars province, whose number is 320 according to the obtained statistics, which was determined based on Morgan's sample size table and the random selection of 175 people as the research sample. The tool for collecting the present research is a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha statistical methods were used to calculate reliability coefficients and Smironov's Klomogrov for normality of data, exploratory factor analysis, correlation coefficient and one-group t-test to test hypotheses. Statistical operations were performed using spss software version 26. The results of the research showed that among the 39 components identified, four factors: standards of equipment and places (0.689), responsibilities of the manager and administration expertise (0.701), rules and regulations (0.598) and education (0.756) with the components of familiarity with sports law among teachers There is a significant relationship with physical education. As a result, it can be said that if teachers and trainers perform their duties normally, they will not have any responsibility for accidents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Identify and analyze the factors affecting the institutionalization of sport culture in children and adolescents
omid safari gholamreza safari mohamad niknam sogra azadifar fatemeh ghafari

10.30495/jism.2023.73021.1034

The present study aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents from the viewpoint of physical education teachers in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The method of this descriptive survey More

The present study aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents from the viewpoint of physical education teachers in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The method of this descriptive survey is survey. The population of this study is about 480 students of all physical education colleges in the province. A sample of 200 physical education teachers from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad was considered. Based on the results of Pearson correlation coefficient test, there is a meaningful relationship between the factors of family, social and cultural factors on the institutionalization of exercise culture in children and adolescents because the level of significance is 03%. That hypothesis is approved with 97% confidence. Also, family activities and peer groups affect the institutionalization of culture of sport in children and adolescents from the teachers' point of view of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The activities of governmental institutions (sports organizations, schools and media) on the institutionalization of culture of sport in children and adolescents have affected teachers from the Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The joint activities of the public and private sectors on the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents are influential from teachers' point of view of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. Facilitating activities on the institutionalization of sport culture in children and adolescents in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad there is a positive and significant effect. Therefore, it is appropriate to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of sports culture and to emphasize these factors in order to promote children's sports. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Strategic challenges and their relationship with the success of physical education teachers
javad moradi soad Avid khalaf

10.30495/jism.2024.74330.1059

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategic challenges and success of physical education teachers in Dhi Qar province. This was a descriptive-correlation applied research, whose statistical population includes all physical education teachers in More

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the strategic challenges and success of physical education teachers in Dhi Qar province. This was a descriptive-correlation applied research, whose statistical population includes all physical education teachers in Dhi Qar Governorate, numbering 380 people. 181 people were selected as a sample from among these people and using the Karjesi and Morgan table. The research tool consists of two questionnaires of teachers' success factors and the questionnaire of strategy formulation (strategic planning), which were randomly distributed and collected among the statistical sample after obtaining validity and reliability from the experts. The data analysis of this research was done using descriptive and inferential statistics including Pearson correlation test and regression through spss24 software. The results showed that there is a significant and strong relationship between strategy development (strategic planning), strategy implementation, strategy implementation operations, and between strategy control and evaluation and the success of physical education teachers. Therefore, these strategic factors have an effect on the success of physical education teachers in Dhi Qar province. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Presenting the Cultural Model of Professional Development of Sudent Teachers in Farhangian University (case study: physical education students)
mohammad khaki shahram aroufzad mina mostahfezian mahdi Navid adham

10.30495/jcm.2023.72848.1665

The purpose of the research: one of the important parts of education and training in the fundamental transformation document is physical education, which as a cultural phenomenon, due to its diversity in functions, has mutual effects on other cultural and social phenome More

The purpose of the research: one of the important parts of education and training in the fundamental transformation document is physical education, which as a cultural phenomenon, due to its diversity in functions, has mutual effects on other cultural and social phenomena. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of designing a cultural framework for the professional development of student physical education teachers at Farhangian University of Isfahan province.Research method: by using the foundation data method and asking opinions from 15 experts consisting of faculty members and veteran teachers of teacher training at the level of education and training and Farhangian University and through an open questionnaire and review of domestic and foreign texts and studies, a research conceptual model was designed.Findings: The results included 103 secondary cultural themes and 23 main cultural themes using open, central and selective coding.Conclusion: the factors affecting the cultural framework of the professional development of student teachers in the form of causal components (general conditions, skills, competence, evaluation, participation, knowledge, recognition of needs, internship and curriculum), contextual (organizational atmosphere, administrative and organizational conditions, pillars), The intervention (the role of the government, research and development, short-term courses, entrepreneurship courses and assistantship courses) and the consequences (characteristics of experienced and professional teachers, changes in recruitment patterns, benefit from experiences, creativity, effectiveness, tactfulness and foresight) were presented in the form of a proposed model to It provided a broader view for policy makers in this field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - A survey on the effect of teacher’s attitude changing in their teaching-learning performance (Case study, primary school in Maragheh at 1389-90)
الهام تمجیدتاش محمدعلی مجلل چوبقلو رحیم عبداله فام یوسف بیگ زاده

Introduction and Research Goal: Educational system of any community plays a great role in helping people reach misery or salvation and teachers with high level of knowledge and descent responsibility are the biggest catalysts in the process of leading young students to More

Introduction and Research Goal: Educational system of any community plays a great role in helping people reach misery or salvation and teachers with high level of knowledge and descent responsibility are the biggest catalysts in the process of leading young students toward a prosperous future for themselves and their country. Method: This research has been fulfilled experimental and it has considered the role and the relation of the teachers' viewpoint changing in their teaching and learning function quality. For this purpose from among of the statistical community including 699 male and female teacher at the elementary level of Maragheh, 50 people were selected by chance as sample in order to evaluating of the effect of the independent variant(viewpoint changing) on dependent variant (teaching-learning function). They were pre-tested and primary state of their viewpoint was evaluated. Also the quality of their teaching-learning function observed by a list, then during an instructional period the instructions were taught them in order to improving their viewpoint towards teaching. And their new viewpoint was observed and marked through post-test and teachers' teaching-learning function after instruction in the class. Finally the averages of the both test were presented after a test in two times and primary and finally evaluation, then the significance of the average was considered by using of test (two sample test) and the basic and the secondary theory of the research approved. Findings: the findings of this research show that was concluded that there is a positive relationship between research's dependent and independent variant. Conclusion: teachers' teaching-learning activities improve with their viewpoint correction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Status of information literacy among normal and smart school teachers in Kashan
Hamid Rahimi Ali YazdKhasty Zahra Feizi

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the status of information literacy among normal and smart school teachers. Methodology: Research type was descriptive survey. The statistical population consisted of 511 teachers of Kashan city, out of which 112 were ch More

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to study the status of information literacy among normal and smart school teachers. Methodology: Research type was descriptive survey. The statistical population consisted of 511 teachers of Kashan city, out of which 112 were chosen. The information gathering tools was a questionnaire with 35 items on the base of 5 Likert scales.The questionnaires validity confirmed by the experts. Through Cronbach alpha, coefficient reliability were obtained equal to 0.89.  the data were analyzed in inferential level statistics through Spss 18 version software. Findings: Findings showed the mean of information literacy components are higher than the average. The highest average was related to the item of ability to critically evaluate information which measured 4.23. Results: The results showed that the mean of information literacy among teachers were higher than average thus, all teachers and education practitioners should pay special attention to the factors affecting the improving media and information literacy as a main capability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The Influences of Ancient Iranian Culture on Islamic Culture in the Abbasid Period
Qasem Ahmadi Fatemeh Lajevardi Mohammad reza Adli

Arab Muslims' familiarity with Iranian culture and civilization after the conquest, influenced the lifestyle of Muslims especially Abbasid caliphs. On the other hand, there was a big change in Iranian' situation. They had opportunity to enter the caliphate and take over More

Arab Muslims' familiarity with Iranian culture and civilization after the conquest, influenced the lifestyle of Muslims especially Abbasid caliphs. On the other hand, there was a big change in Iranian' situation. They had opportunity to enter the caliphate and take over the affairs of the country. This has made them to appear in the political arena. Also, the transfer of Abbasid political center to the center of historical land of Iran, more than ever influenced the revival of Iranian element in this period. This historical process paved the way for the emergence of Persian language in the bureaucratic system and translating Persian texts to Arabic. Therefore, we are seeing a large number of Iranian scientists in the scientific and their instance on preserving Iranian traditions like the Nowruz and Mehregan celebrities. Hence, the present article attempts to express cultural impact of Iranian on Muslims in the Abbasid caliphate and make it clear what is called the Iranian Islamic culture in Iran what has been related to ancient Iranian culture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Comparison of Corona anxiety and coping styles in athletes and non-athletes teachers
hasan alikhani Narjes Sayari Farshid Shahin Far Asieh Mirzaaghajani

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the anxiety of Corona and coping styles in sportsmen and non-sportsmen teachers. Methods: Methodology: The design of the current research was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of More

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the anxiety of Corona and coping styles in sportsmen and non-sportsmen teachers. Methods: Methodology: The design of the current research was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of the research included all the athletes and non-athletes teachers in the cities of Amalesh and Langrod in 2021, of which 270 people were selected through the available sampling method and in two groups of 135 athletes (with a training experience of 3 consecutive years and at least 3 training sessions per week) and non-athletes took place. In this research, Alipour et al.'s standard Corona anxiety questionnaires and Andler and Parker's coping styles were used, which were provided to the participants online. In the current research, the skewness and elongation of the variables were used to check the normality of the variables and the Lone test for the homogeneity of variances in order to provide the possibility of using parametric tests. And at the level of inferential statistics, multivariate analysis of variance and univariate analysis of variance were used. Also, the data of the present study were analyzed using SPSS-22 software at a significance level of 0.001. Results: The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the anxiety of corona and the coping styles of sportsmen and non-athletes. Conclusion: Therefore, performing sports activities during the corona epidemic can significantly reduce the intensity of anxiety caused by this disease in teachers and prevent the problems caused by it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Pathology of Elementary Teacher Recruitment Process in Iranian Education
Ahmad Ahmadi farsany fariba karimi badri shahtalebi

The current study aims to look into the merits and demerits of elementary teacher recruitment process in Iranian Education. To achieve this purpose, phenomenology approach was utilized. The population included all formally employed teachers as well as elementary educati More

The current study aims to look into the merits and demerits of elementary teacher recruitment process in Iranian Education. To achieve this purpose, phenomenology approach was utilized. The population included all formally employed teachers as well as elementary education experts. The sample of study entailed 22 persons selected via purposive sampling method (considering the saturation point). They were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. The interviews were first recorded and transcribed and then analyzed based on the seven-stage Colaizzi method. The study finally led to identification of 65 drawbacks within 15 conceptual units in force-finding, selection, and appointment dimensions. The most important drawbacks in each of these dimensions were: Lack of comprehension of job nature, occupational qualification weakness, non-technical procedures, weakness in information giving, weakness in teachers’ social rank, , technical and skill weaknesses, selective weaknesses, psychological contrasts, inattention to research activities, inattention to welfare and livelihood facilities, weakness in employing modern technologies, Weakness in pinpointing policies, weakness in teachers’ organization, weakness in motivational factors, weakness in maintaining teachers, weakness in assessment and feedback. Finally, remedial strategies were suggested based on the related literature and Iranian realities one of which was changing the rules and policies regarding workforce recruitment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Validation of content knowledge model, pedagogy and technology of first secondary science teachers in Kurdistan province
Parvin Aftabi Majid AliAsgari Mustafa Ghadri

The aim of the present study was to investigate the validity of the model of content knowledge, pedagogy and technology of first secondary science teachers in Kurdistan province. This research was a descriptive study with correlation design and model validation. The sta More

The aim of the present study was to investigate the validity of the model of content knowledge, pedagogy and technology of first secondary science teachers in Kurdistan province. This research was a descriptive study with correlation design and model validation. The statistical sample included 120 first secondary science teachers in Kurdistan province. The data was obtained using a questionnaire. The final model of the research using partial least squares technique and Smart software. L. S was validated. The results showed that the model developed in this research has high reliability. The results of the hypothesis test showed that teachers' knowledge has a positive and significant effect on content knowledge; Technological knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the organizational and managerial factors of education; The knowledge of teachers has a positive and significant effect on the knowledge of pedagogy; Teachers' knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the managerial and organizational factors of education; Content knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the organizational and management factors of education; Pedagogical knowledge has a positive and significant effect on the organizational and managerial factors of education. This research helps science teachers to choose a suitable model for their educational activities in the classroom to help fill the gap in science teachers' knowledge and allow the learner to create knowledge; Not that he learns knowledge only through education. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Studying the Relationship between Teaching Barriers and Work Engagement Mediated by Support Strategies for Highschool Female Physical Education Teachers in Tehran
Leila Hori Mahvash Nourbakhsh Sayad Nemat Khalifeh Parivash Nourbakhsh

Work engagement of physical education teachers, has been considered by many researchers in recent years as the most important stimulus for students' desire for sports. This psychological variable has received a great deal of impact from teaching barriers, which varies i More

Work engagement of physical education teachers, has been considered by many researchers in recent years as the most important stimulus for students' desire for sports. This psychological variable has received a great deal of impact from teaching barriers, which varies in accordance to the amount of change in teacher support strategy. Therefore, in this study the relationship between teaching barriers and work engagement as mediated by the supportive strategies of female high school physical education teachers in Tehran was investigated. This study, using a descriptive-correlational approach, examined the opinions of female physical education teachers in 19 districts of Tehran, as a statistical population (1071 people). According to Cochran's formula, 387 people were sampled, which were randomly selected in a stratified-proportional manner. A strandard questionnaire was used to collect the data. To assess the validity of the research, face validity a type of content validity assessment method was used. For this purpose, the questions were reviewed, checked and modified by 30 educational experts in three stages and were finalized in the last stage. To measure the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha, which is a kind of internal consistency was used, in which the average was calculated to be 0.883 for our research variables. Pearson and Eta correlation coefficients and ANOVA analysis of variance were used to test the research hypotheses. Also, to perform the calculations, we took advantage of softwares Excel 2017 and SPSS 21. Findings showed that teaching barriers affect teachers' work engagement by changing the type of teacher support strategy and teaching barriers do not directly affect teachers' work engagement. Based on the results, it was proposed that, in order to address the issues of teaching barriers in the examined schools, first structural barriers should be addressed, then cultural barriers and finally material barriers, and since teachers who use communication-logical, social-logical, communication-emotional, and social-emotional support techniques in that order have lower job commitment, it is necessary to pay special attention to the employment of these individuals and in the end it was suggested that in order to increase the job power of teachers, teachers use more communication-emotional method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Analyzing the action research method in Farhangian University
hasan bagheri samghabadi reza ghorban jahromi abolfazl bakhtiari mohamad hoseinnejad

The purpose of the present research was to analyze the state of action research methodology in the university. mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) was used. The statistical population of this research was all professors, students, teachers and new teachers of Farhan More

The purpose of the present research was to analyze the state of action research methodology in the university. mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) was used. The statistical population of this research was all professors, students, teachers and new teachers of Farhangian University in the academic year 1401-1402, and the statistical sample included 300 people in the quantitative section and 20 professors in the qualitative section. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were used in the qualitative part, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used in the quantitative part. ANOVA and Friedman tests were used to analyze the data. The findings of the research showed that the problems and obstacles of implementing action research in 3 main components including: problems related to the educational system, problems related to student teachers and new teachers and problems related to learners and in 10 sub-components. were divided Based on the results of quantitative and qualitative data analysis, it showed that three important factors are a) in-service training and skill enhancement courses, b) providing infrastructure and c) creating motivation and encouraging teamwork among the main solutions. In order to get out, they are considered as obstacles to the implementation of scholarly action and research teaching. According to the findings of the research, it is suggested that the practitioners of the education system, in order to effectively implement the research action, in addition to providing the infrastructure, conduct in-service courses with the presence of experienced professors from the country's top universities. Also, consider appropriate reinforcements for the performers of the research activity in the classrooms to create enough motivation for them to carry out this research activity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - analysis of research teaching method in the professional development of student teachers of Farhangian University
hasan bagheri samghabadi reza ghorban jahromi abolfazl bakhtiari mohamad hoseinnejad

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the status of teaching and research educational programs in the professional development of student teachers at Farhangian University. Method: A mixed research method (qualitative-quantitative) was used. The stat More

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the status of teaching and research educational programs in the professional development of student teachers at Farhangian University. Method: A mixed research method (qualitative-quantitative) was used. The statistical sample of the quantitative part included 300 people (150 women and 150 men) from new teachers and student teachers of teacher training centers in Tehran, who were selected in the academic year of 1402-1401 by purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data in the qualitative part. In order to answer the interview questions, the technique of content analysis was used. For data analysis, Friedman's test was used to compare the average ranks and analysis of variance was used to check the difference in averages. Findings: The situation of teaching and research in Farhangian University is not in a favorable condition. The most important factors affecting the quality of research teaching are: individual factors, social factors, economic factors, organizational factors and educational factors. The most important obstacles to the implementation of research teaching were: lack of sufficient knowledge and awareness of student teachers and new teachers, lack of proper financial support from education and training, lack of provision of proper counseling services from education and training, financial problems of learners, psychological and family problems Learners, academic problems of learners, lack of impact of research in teaching for teachers and lack of sufficient facilities and equipment. Conclusion: Based on the importance and effectiveness of the implementation of research teaching on the quality of the teaching-learning process, it is necessary for the educational system to provide more infrastructure and hold higher quality skill-building courses and motivate and encourage more teachers who use this method. They use to pay attention. Manuscript profile

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18 - A Study of the Relationship between Social and Psychological Capital and Job Burnout of Physical Education Teachers in Kazaroun
Omid Safari Fatemeh Hoseni hadis ghasmyanasl

The purpose of the present study is to review the relationship between social and psychological capitaland job burnout of physical education teachers in Kazeroun. The purpose of this research is practical, its method is descriptive-correlational, and it has a temporary More

The purpose of the present study is to review the relationship between social and psychological capitaland job burnout of physical education teachers in Kazeroun. The purpose of this research is practical, its method is descriptive-correlational, and it has a temporary time period. The statistical population involved all physical education teachers in Kazeroun among whom 83 members were chosen by total sampling. Data collection instruments included Khodādād’s social capital standard questionnaire (2010), psychological capital survey designed by Luthans et al. (2007), and Maslach’s job burnout questionnaire (1996). Descriptive statistics was used for data description and for data analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression methods were applied. The results revealed that there is a significantly negative relationship between social and psychological capital as well as their components and job burnout of the participants. Moreover, social and psychological capital have a significant potential to predict the participants’ job burnout. Manuscript profile

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19 - Prediction of Psychological Empowerment Dimensions by Using the Components of Psychological Capital among among Elementary School Teachers in the City of Isfahan
محبوبه رضائی جندانی رضا هویدا حسین سماواتیان

The purpose of the current study was to predict psychological empowerment dimensions (competence, effectiveness, autonomy, meaningfulness and confidence) by using the components of psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism) among elementary sch More

The purpose of the current study was to predict psychological empowerment dimensions (competence, effectiveness, autonomy, meaningfulness and confidence) by using the components of psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism) among elementary school teachers in the city of Isfahan. The research design was correlation. The population included all primary school teachers who have been teaching in academic years 2013-14. Among them, 200 teachers were selected using stratified random sampling. The measurement tools in this research were Psychological Empowerment Questionnaire (Spreitzer and Mishra, 1995) and Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans et al., 2007). Data were analyzed by statistical regression analysis. The results showed that from components of psychological capital, hope, resilience and optimism can predict competency of teachers significanty (P < 0.05). In addition, hope predicted efficacy of teachers significanty (P < 0.05). Self-efficacy, also predicted autonomy of teachers significanty (P < 0.05). Also, hope predicted meaningfulness of teachers significanty (P < 0.05). Manuscript profile

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20 - The Effect of Different Aspects of Religious Belief on the Elementry Teachersâ Happiness in the Working Environment
fatemeh bahrinajafy Ebrahim mirshahjafari

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of various aspects of religious belief including rituals, emotional and consequential aspects on the happiness of elementary teachers in the working environment. This was a descriptive correlational study. The population un More

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of various aspects of religious belief including rituals, emotional and consequential aspects on the happiness of elementary teachers in the working environment. This was a descriptive correlational study. The population under study consisted of 690 teachers in district 2 of the Ministry of Education and Training of Isfahan. From among them, 250 teachers through random stratified sampling were selected. The instruments were the Religion Assessment questionnaire (by Serajzadeh, 1998) taken from Stark and Glark measuring four dimensions (beliefs, rituals, emotional and consequential aspects) and the Oxford Happiness questionnaire (by Argyle, 1990). Data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. It was found that the relationship between ritual and consequential aspects with happiness was significant. (P<0.001) Manuscript profile

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21 - The Relationship between Workplace Spirituality and Work Engagement with the Mediating Role of Organizational Loyalty (Case study: Elementary School Teachers of Khash City)
pari ghamshadzahi naser nastiezaie

10.30486/jsrp.2019.582023.1631

This study examined the relationship between workplace spirituality and work engagementwith the mediating role of organizational loyalty. The research design was a relational type of structural equation modeling. Statistical population was the elementary school teachers More

This study examined the relationship between workplace spirituality and work engagementwith the mediating role of organizational loyalty. The research design was a relational type of structural equation modeling. Statistical population was the elementary school teachers of Khash city that 153 teachers were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: Workplace Spirituality (Milliman et al., 2003), Work Engagement (Salanova & Schaufeli, 2004) and Organizational Loyalty (Mosadeghzadeh, 2012). For data analysis the structural equation modeling were used by SPSS and Lisrel software. Based on results the direct effect of workplace spirituality on work engagement, direct effect of workplace spirituality on organizational loyalty and direct effect of organizational loyalty on work engagement were significant (P<0/05). The indirect effect of workplace spirituality on work engagement was also significant with the mediator role of organizational loyalty (P<0/05). Manuscript profile

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22 - Setting Threshold Language Proficiency Levels for the Iranian High School EFL Teachers
Sadegh Shariatifar Gholamreza Kiany

10.30486/relp.2018.542581

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23 - An Evaluation of English Textbooks Used in Iranian High Schools: Teachers’ and Learners’ Attitudes
Firouzeh Torki Azizeh Chalak

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24 - EFL Teacher's Affective Constructs and Their Sense of Responsibility
Hamed Ghaemi Hassanali Abdullahi

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25 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices on Effective Teaching: The Case of Gender and Level of Experience
Mahsa Shahvand Ehsan Rezvani

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26 - English Teacher Education Programs and Professionalism: The case of Iranian Novice/Experienced Teachers
Hossein Aghaalikhani Parviz Maftoon

10.30486/relp.2018.538776

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27 - The Relationship Between Language Teacher Immunity and Personality Type of Iranian EFL Teachers
Bahareh Khazaeenezhad Maryam Davoudinasab

10.30486/relp.2022.1951540.1358

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28 - A Phenomenological Study of EFL Teachers' Job Burnout: The Case of Private Language Institutes in Iran
Elham Mohammadi Mansooreh Amiri

10.30486/relp.2021.1929263.1266

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29 - Self-Reflection vs. Group-Reflection Training: The Investigation of Iranian In-Service EFL Teachers’ Performance Development
Sajjad Fathi Ahmad Mohseni Hossein Rahmanpanah

10.30486/relp.2022.1966013.1402

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30 - Investigating Iraqi EFL Teachers’ and Students’ Attitudes Towards English Book of Grade 6 of Primary School: Task-Based Language Learning in focus
Sedigheh Vahdat Zohreh Gooniband Shooshtari Kadhim Waheeb Kadhim

10.30486/relp.2022.1951331.1357

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31 - Developing and Validating a Scale for Assessing Iranian EFL Teacher Educators’ Perspectives towards Twenty-first Century Skills
Mahboobeh Khosrojerdi Khalil Motallebzadeh Hamid Ashraf Gholam Reza Zareian

10.30486/relp.2023.1987187.1464

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32 - Investigation the relationship between beliefs and components of constructivism in mathematics classroom environment
Fatemeh Ahmadpour Mobarakeh Mohammad Reza Fadaee Abolfazl Rafeipour

Mathematics teachers' philosophy and view about the nature of mathematics play a vital role in their schema of the teaching and learning process and this influence on quality of instructional directly. The aim of this research is to describe and identify the major belie More

Mathematics teachers' philosophy and view about the nature of mathematics play a vital role in their schema of the teaching and learning process and this influence on quality of instructional directly. The aim of this research is to describe and identify the major beliefs of constructivist mathematics teachers. The beliefs of 5 secondary mathematics teachers were investigated carefully, and also evaluated the extent of consistency of their classroom environments with principles of constructivism in the study. The instruments of data collecting were beliefs survey questionnaires, survey questionnaire of construction oriented classroom environment, semi-structured interviews and classroom observation. Data were summarized and structured by content analysis method. The results of data relating to 5 teachers showed that 2 of them had the most consistent between classroom environments and constructivism principles. Investigating these 2 teachers' beliefs led to identification of 6 core beliefs that are consistent with constructivism principles. Manuscript profile

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33 - Modelling the relationship between primary teachers’ cognitive characteristics and information and communicication technologies (ICT’S) in teaching-learning process
Ebrahim Mardani Aliakbar Aminbeidokhti Alimohammad Rezaei

10.30486/jsre.2018.543736

The main purpose of the present study was to determine the structural relationships between a number of primary teachers’ cognitive variables and ICT integration in teaching–learning process. These variables comprise “teachers’ constructivist tea More

The main purpose of the present study was to determine the structural relationships between a number of primary teachers’ cognitive variables and ICT integration in teaching–learning process. These variables comprise “teachers’ constructivist teaching beliefs”, “teachers’ technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge (TPACK)”, and “teachers’ attitudes towards ICT use in education”. The population in this study included all primary teachers in Abadan city (N=784). Using a simple random sampling technique 220 teachers were selected as research sample. A survey instrument, comprised of 4 scales related to four constructs of the study (TPACK scale 17 items, constructivist teaching beliefs 9 items, ICT attitude 8 items, and ICT use scale 9 items) was used to collect data for analysis. The data analyses used correlational analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the research hypotheses and hypothesized model. Path modeling was also used to explore the direct and indirect effects of the teacher’s cognitive variables on ICT integration in teaching- learning process. Results showed that ICT integration positively and significantly correlates with teacher’s cognitive variables. The results of a path analysis model showed that ICT integration could be directly and indirectly predicted by teacher’s cognitive variables (constructivist teaching beliefs, ICT attitudes in education, technological, pedagogical, and content knowledge).It was also revealed that attitude toward ICT use in education is the most powerful predictor of ICT integration in teaching–learning process. Additionally, the proposed model had an adequate fit to observed relationships between teacher’s cognitive variables and ICT use in teaching–learning process. The research model can serve as a base model for future studies. Finally, Implications for educational administrators, policy makers and further research were discussed. Manuscript profile

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34 - The study of the Pathology of Art Book in the Aspects of Design, Implementation, and Evaluation
Esmaeil safari Mohsen Nazarzadeh Zare

This research is to study about the pathology of the art course, focusing on the design, implementation, and evaluation from the view points of the art teachers of junior high schools in Dezful. The research method is of a descriptive type. The statistical population wa More

This research is to study about the pathology of the art course, focusing on the design, implementation, and evaluation from the view points of the art teachers of junior high schools in Dezful. The research method is of a descriptive type. The statistical population was consisted of 115 art teachers, amongst whom 90 ones were selected based on the cluster random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used so as to collect the necessary data. In order to analyze the date, then, both descriptive statistical method (frequency, percent) and analytic statistical method (analytical factor) were used. It is concluded from the findings that the problems of art course in The design, implementation, and evaluation, are as 1) content problems, 2) educational problems, 3) motivational problems, 4) hardware problems, 5) exam problems, 6) problems of expecting high score in the exam. Manuscript profile

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35 - Teacher training students' experiences of instructional designing based on the constructivism approach
ahmadreza fazeli morteza karami

Constructivism approach is a relatively new approach in the field of instructional designing. The aim of this study was to identify and explore the experiences of the students and teachers of instructional designing based on the constructivism approach and constructivis More

Constructivism approach is a relatively new approach in the field of instructional designing. The aim of this study was to identify and explore the experiences of the students and teachers of instructional designing based on the constructivism approach and constructivism learning environment design pattern. The research method in this study was qualitative method and was of the phenomenological type. All the students and the teachers of Beheshti Teacher Training Center of Mashhad Elementary Education who had enrolled in this center in the academic year 2012-2013 were chosen as the statistical population .Then, 15 students and teachers were chosen through the target sampling. Due to data saturation, the researchers found this number sufficient. The instrument being used was semi-structured interview. To validate the results of this study, the outcomes and extracted issues were confirmed by the participants. Deductive coding methods, then, was used to analyze the data and the interviews. Applying Johnson's model in the classroom resulted in gaining very significant experiences for both the students and the teachers. Independence, autonomy or self-sufficiency, problem-solving ability, dominance in research, retrieval and storage of information, effective interactions and depth learning were the factors being concluded from the interviews. According to these findings, it can be concluded that this very model and the other models which are based on constructivism approach can have a significant impact on the performance and success of students in different courses. Manuscript profile

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36 - The effect of using new educational technologies on the qualiy of educational activities before, during and after training
zahra mohammadi kamal kharazi Bahador Mohammadi

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of applying the new educational technologies and the quality of the teachers’ training activities. This study, as objective, functional and in terms of location, field and b More

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of applying the new educational technologies and the quality of the teachers’ training activities. This study, as objective, functional and in terms of location, field and by the way, is a description of the survey.Statistical population of this study includes all teachers who teach girls in secondary schools in Isfahan among whom1756 teachers were selected Statistical population of this study includes 252 teachers who were selected in stratified random way among all teachers who teach girls in secondary schools in Isfahan in stratified random way.. Data Collection tools was a made questionnaire whose face and content validity was confirmed by the experts and reliability based on Cronbach’s alpha was 0/87. Descriptive and inferential statistics based on spss 16 software was applied for analyzing the data and also the frequency distribution table, central indices and distribution variance, mean, standard deviation, variance analysis, Duncan test and etc were used in Inferential analysis. The results showed that there is a significant relationship statistically between applying the new educational technologies and the quality of the teachers’ training activities. Manuscript profile

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37 - A Survey of High School Teachersâ Knowledge of Fundamentals Curriculum Development and Learning Principles
Hossein Jan Daeezadeh ALi Shariatmadari Ezatollah Naderi Maryam Saif Naraghi

Abstract The goal of this survey is to investigate high school teachers’ knowledge of the fundamentals of curriculum development and learning strategies and delivering proper patterns to improve their knowledge and skills. The survey was done as a field research and More

Abstract The goal of this survey is to investigate high school teachers’ knowledge of the fundamentals of curriculum development and learning strategies and delivering proper patterns to improve their knowledge and skills. The survey was done as a field research and the researcher collected the data from high school teachers in Mazandaran Province in 2006-2007 . Statistical samples were 360 teachers, chosen randomly to analyze the data, in descriptive and deductive statistics, frequency distribution, frequency percentage, average puzzles and also Chi-square test, F-test and Z-test using SPSS software. The most important results of the survey were: high school teachers’ awareness of fundamentals of curriculum development and learning principles was lower than average. The average grade of assessment test of high school teachers’ awareness of fundamentals of curriculum development and learning principles was 10.89 (from 20 ) and among the averages based on different variances such as gender, degree, field of study and 10-19 year of working, there was a meaningful difference. The Highest average grades referred to the group of educational sciences teachers with MA. degrees and working years, and the least average grades refer to the group of basic sciences teachers with BA. degree and working of 20-29 years. Manuscript profile

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38 - Guidance and High School Principals andThe Relation between Power Resources ofType of Organizational Culture
نفیسه سهرابی بدری شاه طالبی غلامرضا احمدی

The purpose of this study was to find of the relationship between power resources of guidance and high school principals and type of organizational culture. The factors for studying power included (legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and charismatic leadership) and th More

The purpose of this study was to find of the relationship between power resources of guidance and high school principals and type of organizational culture. The factors for studying power included (legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and charismatic leadership) and the type of organizational culture were (consistency, co- operation, flexibility and mission). For analyzing the data descriptive–correlation were employed. Statistical population of the study consisted of all teachers in khomainishahr in the school year of 2008-2009, which 120 teachers through randomly – classified sampling were chosen. The instrument for collecting the data consisted o of two questionnaires (power resources and organizational culture). The reliability of the questionnaires were 0/87 and 0/96 respectively. Analyzing the data was done by both descriptive and inferential statistics. (Correlation coefficient, independent, t-test and analysis of variance). The findings indicated that there was a relationship between legitimate power with consistency and co-operation organizational culture. however there was not any relationship between legitimate power with flexibility and mission. Manuscript profile

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39 - Comparison of Information Finding Behavior in Researcher and Non-Researcher Teachers
احمد هاشمی حسین فیاض بخش حبیب نکویی ابوذر همتی

The present study was performed to survey and compare the information finding behavior in researcher and non-researcher teachers in four education districts of Shiraz city. This research is an applied - descriptive study which was done by the use of ex post facto method More

The present study was performed to survey and compare the information finding behavior in researcher and non-researcher teachers in four education districts of Shiraz city. This research is an applied - descriptive study which was done by the use of ex post facto method. The population of the study consists of all teachers who were teaching in 1387-88 academic years. There were 14284 teachers teaching in the related 4 districts and about 65 of them were considered as researchers. The material was a researcher - made questionnaire with 60 questions consist. The results of this study show that there are differences between the kind of necessary information of researcher and non - researcher teachers. The researcher teachers use more ICT and their knowledge about different ways of getting information is far more than non - researcher teachers. Beside this, researcher teachers make use of software and hardware more than non - researcher teachers and their researching methods are different. Manuscript profile

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40 - Effect of Instructional Supervision and Directionon Educational Progress in English Language
Amir Hossein Oraki Gholam Reza Ahmadi Ahmad ali Forughi Abari

The objective of this reseach was to stude the effectiveness of supervision and direction on educational progress of students at the guidance school second grade in English language in the Izeh township. Considering the two theories (effectiveness of supervision and dir More

The objective of this reseach was to stude the effectiveness of supervision and direction on educational progress of students at the guidance school second grade in English language in the Izeh township. Considering the two theories (effectiveness of supervision and direction on educational progress of students and its identical effect on educational progress of girls and boys) via the semiexperinental procedure, throngh selecting 8 specimen groups including 4 classes in the experimental sciences and 4 controls, during a period of 3 monthsusing the supervision and direction cycles at the 3 programming stages and exdiamge of views with the experimental group, prior to observation of classes, feedback and post-observation exchange of views was performed. Research tool was composed of two teste, one as pre-test and the other on as post test (a priori 8 a posterior tests) uning uniform questions set forth for soth groups. To analyse the obtained results, the descriptive and statistical inference and spss software were employed. Results of study showed that instructional supervision and guidance is highly and equally effective on educational progress 3 of male and female students in English Language course at the guidance school graced. Instructional supervision and direction is necessary for all teachers at varions educational courses and regarding the results obtained of this research, at present supervision and instructional guidance in the guidance school should be considered by the authorities as deficiency and a problem in the education system. And to implement it in the best way possible, precise and fouadamental planning should ye done based on the propounded proposals. Manuscript profile

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41 - Compared to teach primary school children in accordance with Islamic values in the countries of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Azerbaijan
farhad shorehkandi Majid Aliasgari

Abstract The general purpose of this research is to compare education of primary students based on Islamic values in countries of both Iran and Azerbaijan. This research is a comparative and content analysis in which the textbooks of these countries in the 4 grades hav More

Abstract The general purpose of this research is to compare education of primary students based on Islamic values in countries of both Iran and Azerbaijan. This research is a comparative and content analysis in which the textbooks of these countries in the 4 grades have been studied. Besides 400 students and 280 teachers in the case of sample in these two countries have been chosen and compared in the way of clustered random sampling. The tool that has been used to compare teachers and students is questionnaire of researcher made that is acting and awareness of religious precepts. The results of the research show that the number of cases in related to Islamic values in Iranian textbooks is 271 and in text books of Azerbaijan are 34. The results of variance analysis also show that there are significant differences between these students of two countries from the point of awareness and acting to the religious concepts. This result has also been confirmed about teachers. The research results confirmed not only Islamic values in Textbooks’ Content but also in acting it and awareness of teachers and students in comparison to Azerbaijan country. Manuscript profile

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42 - Comparing the Teaching Skills of Graduate Teachers from Government, Azad and Payam-Noor University
سعید احمدی حسن خضری

This study aimed to compare the teaching skills of teachers graduated from Islamic Azad University, government and Payam-noor university . Teachers of persian language and literature who was employed formally in ministry of education and were teaching persian literatu More

This study aimed to compare the teaching skills of teachers graduated from Islamic Azad University, government and Payam-noor university . Teachers of persian language and literature who was employed formally in ministry of education and were teaching persian literature in academic year of 1386-1387 in Shiraz. 90 teachers (38 males and 52 females) and 900 students were selected through stratified random sampling. data collection was done by 28- item questionnaire (Likert-type with 5 option) in four sub-scales (before training, before and during training, during, during and after training). teachers graduated from Islamic Azad University had the highest mean score. difference between the skills during education (p=0/005), during and after training process (at p=0/009) was significant between the teachers graduated from Islamic Azad University, government and Payamnoor university. There was no significant difference between teaching skills before, befor and during training process and graduation University. Manuscript profile

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43 - The Effect of Teaching Physics by Technology âEnabled Active Learning (TEAL) Method onAcademic Achievement of High School Students
Mohammad Ahmadi Dehghotbadini Farhad Nazarifar Faramarz Malekian Ahmad Reza Akbari Amro Abadi. Fatemeh Zamanifard Behzad Shahbazi Firouzeh Sepehrian Fatemeh Nosrat Mahdi Abolghasemi NajafAbadi Maryam Narimani Saeed Rajaeepoor Narges Keshtiaray Mozafaredin Vaezi Zamaneh Rezaei Ali Reza Yoosefi Hadi Kamali Saghar SahebJamei Sayed Ebrahim Mirshah Jafari Mohsen Malekian Mohammad Javad Leyaghatdar Toraj Hosseini Hafshajani

Abstract This research aimed at investigating the effect of teaching by the Technology Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) method on the academic achievement of high school students in physics by a quasi-experimental method. The research Population were the first grade f More

Abstract This research aimed at investigating the effect of teaching by the Technology Enabled Active Learning (TEAL) method on the academic achievement of high school students in physics by a quasi-experimental method. The research Population were the first grade female students of Falavarjan high schools. The study was conducted by using two groups randomly-selected of high school students (each group with 28 students). The experiment group was taught by the TEAL method and the control group was taught by the traditional method. The academic achievement of the subjects were assessed by the teacher-made pre-test and post-test. The validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability was established by cronbach's Alpha (α=0.86) coefficient (86%). The data was analyzed through inferential statistics (ANCOVA). The results showed that the academic achievement by the TEAL method have been higher than those using the traditional method of learning at the probability level of 0/001. Manuscript profile

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44 - Surveying the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Working Life Quality with Job Adjustment of Registered and Unregistered Teachers in Elementary Level of Sardasht Province Schools during 1389-90
محمود احمد نژاد محمد حسنی فیروزه سپهریان خه بات شجاعی

The present study has been invistigated the relationship between Emotional intelligence and working life quality with job adjustment. Research method was Descriptive – Correlative and statistical population of this research consisted of all registered and unregist More

The present study has been invistigated the relationship between Emotional intelligence and working life quality with job adjustment. Research method was Descriptive – Correlative and statistical population of this research consisted of all registered and unregistered teachers in elementary school of Sardasht province schools in 1389-90. Data gathering tools included Bradbery’s and Geriw's emotional intelligence questionnaires, and Walton’s working life quality questionnaire, and Bell’s job adjustment questionnaire. For hypothesis testing, Pearson correlation test and step by step Regression were used, and result of statistical tests revealed that: There is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and working life quality. On the other hand, there is a significance relationship between emotional intelligence and job adjustment among registered teachers but there is no significance among unregistered teachers. In addition, components of emotional intelligence components are not appropriate predicators for job adjustments of them. Manuscript profile

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45 - The tacit knowledge of secondary school English language teachers of qualitative evaluation: with emphasizing on self-test methods and work folders
shadi nosrati mahbobeh khosravi mostafa ghaderi

10.30486/jsre.2020.1882978.1503

The aim of this study is to analyze the tacit knowledge of high school English language teachers of qualitative evaluation methods (with emphasis on self-examination and portfolio usage) that its method is interpretive phenomenology. The reseach population includes sele More

The aim of this study is to analyze the tacit knowledge of high school English language teachers of qualitative evaluation methods (with emphasis on self-examination and portfolio usage) that its method is interpretive phenomenology. The reseach population includes selected high school English language teachers of Shahriyar in the academic year 1397-1398. This study is based on the purposeful sampling of selecting the desirable cases and until saturation eighteen teachers (7 males and 11 females) were selected in which we would continue sampling to reach cases which no new information would be obtained. The teachers were semi-structured interviewed and they were analyzed by content analysis method. The validity and reliability of the instrument were verified using reliability, portability, verifiability and reliability. The results of the study showed that they do not accept the self-examination method as a valid method for evaluation and they do not take seriously the using of the portfolio. This study showed that the tacit knowledge of high school English language teachers in qualitative evaluation methods does not form a significant amount of tacit knowledge of teachers and their confidence in qualitative evaluation is low. Many teachers use quality evaluation as an adjunct to objective evaluation and to improve the learning process, and do not see quality evaluation as a serious method of evaluation. Manuscript profile

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46 - Investigating the Impact of Continuous Professional Development Model of Mathematics Teachers Based on Brain Education Approach on Mathematical Learning and Self-Concept in High School Female Students of the City of Isfahan
saeedeh shahsavani Maryam Baratali Narges Keshtiaray

10.30486/jsre.2021.1901551.1669

The purpose of current study was to investigate the effectiveness of the continuous professional development model of mathematics teachers based on the Brain Education Approach on the mathematical learning and mathematical self-concept of second grade female student&nbs More

The purpose of current study was to investigate the effectiveness of the continuous professional development model of mathematics teachers based on the Brain Education Approach on the mathematical learning and mathematical self-concept of second grade female student (academic year2019-2020)in Isfahan.The sample consisted of 44 female students and they were selected via non-probability and convenience sampling from Isfahan Public School District 3 whose principal,deputy principal and math teacher were willing to coopetate with the researchers.The instruments used in the research are:Continuous professional development educational package for math teachers based on brain education approach, prepared by Shahsavani et al.(2019)for teacher education in the experimental group, Researcher-made checklist in math lesson and 7-item mathematical self-concept questionnaire of Pahlavan.The reliability of the tools was determined by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient.This coefficient was obtained 0.87 for the mathematics self-concept questionnaire and 0.71 for the mathematics checklist.In this study a pretest-posttest design with a control group was used.First,the pre-test was performed on the subjects and then in 24 sessions of 90 minutes,the experimental group was trained by a teacher who had undergone a continuous professional development course for teachers based on the brain education approach,while the control group was trained by a teacher who had not undergone this course.At the end of the course,the post-test was taken from all students for learning and math self-concept.To analyze the data,the univariate analysis of covariance was used.The results showed that this pattern increased students'learning and math self-concept relative to the pre-test and this change was statistically significant. Manuscript profile

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47 - Identifying the factors affecting the interaction between student intern teachers with school administrators and guidance teachers in order to advance the goals of internship..
Alireza Badeleh , Shirin pourghaz

10.30486/jsre.2023.1991160.2356

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the interaction between student intern teachers with school principals and guidance teachers in order to advance the goals of internship. The current research method is mixed (qualitative and quantitati More

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the interaction between student intern teachers with school principals and guidance teachers in order to advance the goals of internship. The current research method is mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population of the research includes all experts, students, intern teachers, school principals and guidance teachers of Mazandaran province. To select the sample size in the qualitative part, snowball sampling was used and 22 people were selected as the research sample and in the quantitative part the quantitative sampling method was used and 135 experts, guidance teachers and administrators and 303 student teachers were selected as the research sample. became the research tool included a researcher's questionnaire based on the findings of the Depoy and Gitlin's theme method new design based on a 7-point Likert scale, which includes 11, 16, 13, 13, 13 and 10 items in the field of social-cultural factors. Psychological-personality characteristics, educational infrastructure and planning, management and planning, educational approaches and strategies, knowledge and awareness. The findings of the research showed that cultural-social factors, psychological-personality characteristics, educational infrastructure and planning, management and planning, educational approaches and strategies, knowledge and awareness on the interaction between student teacher interns with school principals and guidance teachers in order to advance the goals of effective internship. is. The results of the present study showed that in the current situation, the quality of infrastructure and educational planning has the highest rank and knowledge and awareness have the lowest rank. Manuscript profile

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48 - Identify the professional competences of elementary teachers in bilingual areas
roghaye shokrollahi Marzieh Dehghani Mohammad Javadipoor Keyvan Salehi Ali Nouri

10.30486/jsre.2021.1884983.1521

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and with the aim of identifying the professional competencies of primary school teachers in bilingual areas. For this purpose, using the documentary method and taking into account the criteria of document quali More

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and with the aim of identifying the professional competencies of primary school teachers in bilingual areas. For this purpose, using the documentary method and taking into account the criteria of document quality, 70 published documents related to the professional competence of teachers and bilingualism, including 63 foreign documents and 7 internal documents, in the period 20-20000 2000 from among the written Persian sources. And English was purposefully chosen. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. In order to confirm the accuracy of the data, regarding the validity of the study, the research method was used by the members of the research and trial (data, sources and methods). Data analysis resulted in identification (75 basic themes, 7 first level organizing themes and 14 second level organizing themes and 1 comprehensive theme). The results showed that teachers' professional competence is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the education system and especially improving the level and depth of learning of bilingual students. Therefore, it is suggested that the educational system, by prioritizing the linguistic and cultural needs of bilingual students, provide the necessary ground for selecting and cultivating the basic competencies of teachers in these areas, and as a result, move intelligently to move towards efficiency and productivity. Organize and improve the quality of bilingual students' learning Manuscript profile

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49 - Analyzing teachers' knowledge of developmental-educational characteristics of preschool children in Iran
saidkarm nourinfar Mohamad Reza Emam Jomea fharedh himidy alireza assareh

10.30486/jsre.2023.1957684.2135

The purpose of this research is to "examine the knowledge of educators about the developmental-educational characteristics of preschool children in Iran". The approach of this research is qualitative and phenomenological. , Ilam and Kermanshah were selected purposefully More

The purpose of this research is to "examine the knowledge of educators about the developmental-educational characteristics of preschool children in Iran". The approach of this research is qualitative and phenomenological. , Ilam and Kermanshah were selected purposefully. The data collection tool included a semi-structured interview, which the researcher used to measure the knowledge of preschool teachers about children's developmental-educational characteristics. The validity of the intended tool was determined in two ways, "form and content" using the opinion of educational experts in the field of preschool children's education and psychology experts. In this section, the reliability method of agreement between two coders was used to check the reliability of the interviews. The findings of the research showed that the teachers' knowledge of the ratio of educational-developmental characteristics in the components of emotional-social, mental-cognitive, language-speech, creativity and innovation is weak and the level of knowledge of the teachers with the educational needs and characteristics of children's religious-moral development is within It was desirable Manuscript profile

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50 - Synthesis of components of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (pck) of science teachers: Presenting a conceptual model
Tayyebe Nemati Javad keyhan jahangir yari haj Atalo

10.30486/jsre.2022.1942179.2005

Pedagogical Content knowledge (pck) of science teachers has a complex and diverse nature. The purpose of the present study is to review the studies in this field and obtain a coordinated result from the components and subcomponents of the pck and to extract the componen More

Pedagogical Content knowledge (pck) of science teachers has a complex and diverse nature. The purpose of the present study is to review the studies in this field and obtain a coordinated result from the components and subcomponents of the pck and to extract the components that have been further researched. The results of this research can be useful for researchers who are looking to identify or develop a specific group of teachers in a particular subject. The research method was meta-synthesis and the data were analyzed using a seven-stage Marsh synthesis model. The statistical population, articles and dissertations are valid in the field of PC and 118 articles were identified based on the inclusion criteria and 41 research articles were selected for analysis based on the exclusion criteria. Data were collected and recorded by a form designed by researchers, and axial arm codings were performed by two independent evaluators, and the Kappa Cohen coefficient formula yielded an agreement between the evaluators of 0.73. Five dimensions, 1- Educational knowledge 2- Learners' knowledge 3- context knowledge 4- Curriculum knowledge 5- Specific knowledge of specific subject topics were identified. The three dimensions of education, learners and teachers' curriculum have been researched more than other components. Manuscript profile

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51 - Knowledge Required by Math Teachers for Virtual Teaching in Third Grade Elementary
sedighe nosrati Fereshteh Afkari ehsan ekradi

10.30486/jsre.2022.1938417.1964

The main purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge required by math teachers for virtual teaching in the third grade of elementary school (case study: teachers in region one). The research method was descriptive-survey and applied in terms of purpose. The stud More

The main purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge required by math teachers for virtual teaching in the third grade of elementary school (case study: teachers in region one). The research method was descriptive-survey and applied in terms of purpose. The study population consisted of 190 third grade elementary teachers in mathematics in district one of Tehran (non-governmental and governmental). Using random sampling method and based on Morgan table, the statistical sample size of this study was 124. In order to measure the variables, a researcher-made questionnaire was used by considering the indicators of teaching methods with 5 items, interaction and communication with 5 items, information and communication technologies. To evaluate the face validity, a questionnaire was provided to university professors and other available experts. In the second stage, the validity test was used to assess the content validity of experts in terms of the degree of coordination of the content of the measurement tool with the research purpose. After evaluating the validity, the internal consistency method (Cronbach's alpha method) was used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Inferential statistics including one-group t-test, chi-square and Friedman tests and SPSS 24 software were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that the real mean of all research variables was higher than the assumed mean (3) and this means that all variables of this research in the study population are agreed upon by teachers. Among these, assessment methods have the highest average (more important), followed by how to interact and communicate with students, information and communication technologies and teaching methods are the priority of teachers. Manuscript profile

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52 - Designing a model for empowering preschool teachers with SCOPE approaches in Iran.
saidkarm nourinfar Mohamad Reza Emam Jomea alireza assareh fharedh himidy

10.30486/jsre.2022.1919352.1812

The purpose of the research is to design a model of empowering pre-primary school teachers with the "scope" approach in Iran, the research was conducted qualitatively and using the basic data method to analyze and analyze the data using the Corbin and Strauss model, as More

The purpose of the research is to design a model of empowering pre-primary school teachers with the "scope" approach in Iran, the research was conducted qualitatively and using the basic data method to analyze and analyze the data using the Corbin and Strauss model, as well as open, axial and selective coding. The sampling method was purposeful and in the form of snowball, the sample size was 20 experts and experts in the field of curriculum planning, three-tiered methods were used for validity and reliability. The findings showed that the components (organizational atmosphere, principles and necessity of support) From the conditions of management strategies, the components (value-oriented, encouragement, unit and organization) of the consequent factors were identified in the design of the preschool teachers' empowerment model with the "Scope" approach. According to the findings of the research, it is suggested to the planners in Iran by adopting a combined approach focused on orientation aspects, rule orientation, justice orientation, teaching key experiences of teaching active approach, teaching creative and critical thinking, professional competence and human relationship). From the conditions of competence principles, components (process, growth-oriented and integrated method) from educational strategies, phenomena (lack of motivation, inefficient support centers and faulty evaluation) from intervening conditions, phenomena (scientific management concepts, creating a competitive-friendly environment and Work policy-strategy (from background conditions and quality education of people at distinct and prominent individual levels of each component, provide the right background for designing programs for empowering preschool teachers. Manuscript profile

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53 - Identifying the professional challenges of the newly graduated teachers of Farhangian University
zohre zarean parvin samadi parvin ahmadi Maryam Sadat Ghoraishi khorasgani

10.30486/JSRE.2023.901261.2317

The present research investigated the lived experiences of the new teachers of Farhangian University of their professional challenges with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The data of this research was based on a semi-structured interview with 14 new More

The present research investigated the lived experiences of the new teachers of Farhangian University of their professional challenges with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The data of this research was based on a semi-structured interview with 14 new teachers of Farhangian University, which continued based on purposeful and criterion-based sampling until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was done by coding method. The reliability of the data was checked and approved by the Holstein method and the validity of the interview questions by 4 supervisors. The research identified the factors affecting professional challenges around three main categories: infrastructural and planning, scientific and academic, organizational and human challenges as follows: lack of up-to-date software and hardware, lack of proper planning, lack of educational facilities, lack of financial injection and incentives. lack of suitable books, ineffective old resources, inappropriate structure of educational programs, linear and one-dimensional programs, little knowledge of professors in the field of practice, little knowledge of students, outdated knowledge, non-native knowledge, traditional teaching methods, neglecting learners , not considering collaborative and team methods, directive and prescriptive laws, contradictory regulations, detailed laws, sectoral policies, extreme ideology, untested policies, centralization in policy development, bureaucracy and paperwork, and the complexity of structures. This study helps managers and policy makers of professional development programs for new teachers to take a positive step by considering the challenges of professional development for the growth of new teachers in this field by modifying the existing programs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - A Review of Professional Ethics Studies from the Perspective of Sports Sociology
Mehdi Salimi Mahboubeh Khodaparast

10.30486/4s.2022.1971779.1076

Objective: Today, sports and its various dimensions are considered as an important topic in various circles and as an efficient tool and a unique phenomenon in order to create a dynamic and lively society and solve many social, cultural and even economic and political c More

Objective: Today, sports and its various dimensions are considered as an important topic in various circles and as an efficient tool and a unique phenomenon in order to create a dynamic and lively society and solve many social, cultural and even economic and political crises. It has shown its many uses; However, this global phenomenon today faces a serious challenge that cannot be easily overcome, and this challenge is the weakening of the category of ethics and especially professional ethics in all aspects of the great sports community, including athletes, coaches, judges, and spectators. , mass media and managers and employees of sports organizations, which is the concern of many researchers and accounts for a significant part of the research done in the country's publications; Based on this, the current research aims to have a comprehensive review of the most important researches conducted in the field of professional ethics in sports, which have been published in the form of articles in the country's publications. Thus, the aim of the current research is to review the studies of professional ethics from the sociological perspective of sports.methodology: The current research is of a descriptive and review type and examined the articles with the keyword "professional ethics" along with other keywords related to the field of sports such as "football", "sports organizations", "sports", " "Players and Coaches" and "Physical-Training" in their titles and were published in the country's publications database, humanities portal, Noor specialized magazines database and academic Jihad database. In order to increase validity, this process was done separately by two researchers, and then by discussing and exchanging opinions, existing differences were resolved and the final classification was prepared; In this way, the final review was done on more than 70 articles.Results: According to the subject of the articles and based on content logic, the collection of articles identified in three main categories: 1) professional ethics in relation to physical education professors and teachers, 2) professional ethics in relation to sports organizations and 3) professional ethics In relation to athletes and coaches, it was divided, and in order to better understand the research fields, we tried to break each category into smaller categories as much as possible. Accordingly, for each category, three sub-categories were considered, which are: First category: 1. Investigating the components, models and methods of institutionalizing professional ethics among physical education professors and teachers; 2. Examining the role of professional ethics of physical education professors and teachers on their personal and professional characteristics or vice versa and 3. Examining the effect of professional ethics of physical education professors and teachers on the personal and academic characteristics of students. The second category: 1. Presentation and review of professional ethics development models in sports organizations; 2. Examining the obstacles to the creation or development of professional ethics in sports organizations and 3. Examining the issue of professional ethics in relation to managers and employees of sports organizations, and the third category: 1. Obstacles to the development of professional ethics in players and coaches; 2. Designing and presenting professional ethics development models among athletes and coaches and 3. Studying the professional ethics of athletes and coaches in relation to other personal and professional components.Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, it can be concluded that due to the relative youth of the literature of professional ethics in sports in comparison with many other sports subjects and areas where the subject of professional ethics has been studied, there is room for defining More research topics are available to deepen previous findings or to understand new dimensions of professional ethics in sports; It also seems that what the field of professional ethics in sports needs in order to grow and improve itself is to move towards conducting research with different, newer and more efficient research methods, in accordance with the level of development of concepts and paying more attention to parts have been less researched so far. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Validity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social Approach
Hamid Ghasemi Nazanin Rasekh Vali Narimanifar

10.30486/4s.2023.1975544.1087

Validity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social ApproachObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an advertising literacy questionnaire from the viewpoint of high sc More

Validity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social ApproachObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an advertising literacy questionnaire from the viewpoint of high school physical education teachers as the audience in the city of Drood.Methodology:The research method is applied in terms of purpose and employs a quantitative strategy and uses a descriptive procedure based on the structural equation method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the K-12 and high school first and second grade teachers of Drood, Lorestan Province (N = 200). In addition, it should be noted that the total population method of sampling was conducted. The measurement instrument is Malmelin’s (2010) Advertising Literacy Questionnaire, which was appraised for validity in the Iranian society. Descriptive indices and statistical tests were used to analyze the data, while the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to determine reliability and convergent/divergent validity, and lastly the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine construct validity.Results:The results of this study showed a desirable fitting of the dimensions of the advertising literacy model from the viewpoints of the audience, such that in terms of construct validity and significance levels, all items had a significant relationship with the factors and were able to serve as good predictive factors. Furthermore, it was found that based on the Cronbach's alpha values and combined reliability, the questionnaire components had acceptable reliabilityConclusion: As a result of this confirmation in the present study, we can conclude that this questionnaire can be used to examine the state, order and priority of its items according to the customers. Finally, teachers as social contacts would be able to develop Sport advertising plans and evaluate their effectiveness based on obtained results. Keywords: Physical Education teachers, information literacy, visual literacy in the arts, rhetorical literacy, advertising literacy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Designing a model of the effect of professional ethics of physical education and sports science teachers on social well-being with the mediating role of media literacy
ali karimi hematallah bastami arsalan Choulaki fahimeh momenifar

10.30486/4s.2023.1990793.1141

IntroductionNowadays, sport has found a special place as an effective phenomenon in all societies to the extent that in the field of sociology it is referred to as the most obvious manifestation of social and cultural life and it is effective in the rationalization of s More

IntroductionNowadays, sport has found a special place as an effective phenomenon in all societies to the extent that in the field of sociology it is referred to as the most obvious manifestation of social and cultural life and it is effective in the rationalization of social life and the development of modern societies. they know. In this regard, education is one of the most important organizations promoting sports and its effects in society, and sports teachers are at the forefront of this organization and are responsible for this serious matter, and as a part of this system, they play a fundamental and key role in reaching They care about this. Today, due to the prosperity of sports and the large presence of media and means of mass communication in sports, it can be acknowledged that the media are the most powerful tools for projecting and spreading ideas and the most efficient tools for people to search and obtain information. On the other hand, due to the fact that sports has been considered as one of the influencing factors on social, economic and even international fields in many countries of the world, hence it can institutionalize and promote a policy such as ethics in this field. provided that, while promoting and introducing sports ethics in the society, especially among physical education and sports science teachers, the obstacles and problems facing the education and development of sports ethics are eliminated, so that it can be used as a strong tool to achieve media literacy. May sustainable social welfare be successful. Therefore, according to the material raised, the main problem of the current research is the question of how to design a model of the effect of professional ethics on social well-being with the mediating role of media literacy among physical education and sports science teachers in Kermanshah province.research method The present research was conducted in terms of purpose, applied, in terms of the type of data search, in terms of the data analysis method, analytical-exploratory, and in terms of field and correlational data collection. The statistical population of the research includes all physical education and sports teachers in Kermanshah province in three levels of education, elementary, middle and high school, with a total number of 1059 people. According to the size of the statistical population, the sampling method was random using Morgan's table. In order to collect the data required for this research, three standard questionnaires were used: professional ethics (Salimi et al., 2016), Keyes' social well-being questionnaire (1998), and Rajabi's media literacy questionnaire (2013). In this research, the face and content validity of the questionnaires was approved by sports management experts, and structural equations were used to examine the relationships between the components of the model and SmartPLS statistical software was used to analyze the datafindings According to the findings of the research, the media literacy variable has the highest average and the professional ethics variable has the lowest average. Also, the average value of the variance extracted for the current variables is higher than 0.5. Therefore, it can be said that the convergent validity of measurement models is favorable. The results of structural equation path analysis showed that professional ethics on media literacy with an impact factor of 0.77 and a critical value of 18.54, professional ethics on social well-being with an impact factor of 0.35 and a critical value of 4.01, and media literacy It has had a positive and significant impact on social well-being with an impact factor of 0.48 and a critical value of 5.14. Based on this, professional ethics has the highest impact on media literacy with an impact factor of 0.77, and professional ethics has the least impact on social well-being with an impact factor of 0.35. According to the output of the software and the Sobel test, which shows the effect of professional ethics on social well-being with the mediating role of media literacy, the research index of these three variables shows t=11.74. According to the output indicators, at a confidence level of more than 90%, the HO hypothesis is rejected, so it is clear that professional ethics has an effect on social well-being with the mediating role of media literacy. This means that with the increase of professional ethics and media literacy, social welfare will also increase. Conclusion Considering the influential role of physical education and sports science teachers in the development of students' cultural and moral values, as well as emphasizing human resources as the most important asset of schools in this impact, examining the performance of school human resources, especially sports and physical education teachers, due to the role Their importance in education and dissemination of science and knowledge as well as education and promotion and development of moral values among students is very important and the important and interesting factors related to them should be studied and investigated more. Therefore, paying attention to the skill of media literacy and social well-being in the development of professional ethics of sports and physical education teachers in schools and the importance and place of their character and behavior, creating a developed system of moral values and promoting and nurturing it among education teachers physical and sports sciences, paying attention to the economic, political and cultural issues of sports teachers in school sports environments and trying to reduce their effects on the moral values of students and using social, religious and legal opportunities in the society outside the school and outstanding It is recommended to develop its effects with the aim of developing moral values in sports, formulating mechanisms for employing sports teachers based on sports skills in student sports teams, and finally strengthening media literacy and social well-being of physical education and sports science teachers. Keywords: Professional ethics, sports teachers, social welfare, media literacy Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Seasoned and Novice English Teachers’ Perceptions of ‘Prospect 2’: A Critical Exploratory Study on Teaching Experience
Hossein Issaee Hamed Barjesteh

10.30495/jntell.2023.1998077.1080

When a textbook is developed and used for an English Language Teaching (ELT) context, its evaluation is even more important because its pedagogical value needs to be determined (Richards, 2007); however, ELT teachers’ perceptions regarding a particular textbook ma More

When a textbook is developed and used for an English Language Teaching (ELT) context, its evaluation is even more important because its pedagogical value needs to be determined (Richards, 2007); however, ELT teachers’ perceptions regarding a particular textbook may differ based on their teaching experience or academic degree. Considering a model provided by McDonough and Shaw (1993) based on external and internal evaluation of textbooks, this study aims to evaluate ‘Prospect 2’, the main English textbook for 8th-grade of junior high-schools in Iran. In effect, 400 EFL teachers were randomly invited from three provinces of Iran (i.e., Mazandaran, Gilan, and Golestan) to participate in the study. The Participants were divided into two groups of 1) the seasoned teachers with over 10 years, and 2) the novice teachers with less than 10 years of teaching experience, in order to explore their perspectives on (non)alignment between their attitudes in teaching experience at ‘Prospect 2’. A 54-five-point Likert-scale questionnaire was adopted and submitted to both groups. Employing SPSS, the teacher-researchers analyzed the data, and it was revealed that the teaching experience does affect the perceptions of ELT teachers regarding the evaluation of a particular textbook. While seasoned teachers were not satisfied with some crucial aspects of ‘Prospect 2’, and believed it has not met its pedagogical objectives, the novice group revealed moderate satisfaction. However, a number of similar themes such as the lack of authentic language, variant dialects, motivating illustrations, and poor printing, to name but a few, were reported by both groups. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - تاثیر گرایش به داشتن تفکر نقادانه بر تسهیل و پیشرفت در مهارت مقاله نویسی استدلالی: بررسی دیدگاه استادان و دانشجویان ایرانی رشته آموزش زبان انگلیسی
Shaho Hoorijani Hossein Heidari Tabrizi Mohsen Masoomi

10.30495/jntell.2022.697729

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دیدگاه زبان آموزان و ااتید آموزش زبان انگلیسی و آموزش اصول تفکر انتقادی (CT) بر توانایی‌های  نوشتاری تعدادی از زبان‌آموزان مرد و زن ایرانی زبان انگلیسی که در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحدکردستان، زبان انگلیسی تحصیل کرده‌اند، پرداخته است. دیدگاه More

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دیدگاه زبان آموزان و ااتید آموزش زبان انگلیسی و آموزش اصول تفکر انتقادی (CT) بر توانایی‌های  نوشتاری تعدادی از زبان‌آموزان مرد و زن ایرانی زبان انگلیسی که در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحدکردستان، زبان انگلیسی تحصیل کرده‌اند، پرداخته است. دیدگاه نقش مهمی را بر یادگیری زبان خارجه به ویژه در پیشرفت مهارت مقاله نویسی استدلالی ایفا می کند. در این مقاله توصیفی در مرحله اول، 80  زبان آموز و 14 معلم انتخاب شدند. سپس در شروع ترم با استفاده از پرسشنامه آنلاین سنجش تمایل به داشتن تفکر انتقادانه کالیفرنیا (CCTDI) دیدگاه این زبان آموزان مورد ارزیابی و بررسی قرار گرفت. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های مورد نیاز، آزمون مهارت‌های تفکر انتقادی کالیفرنیا (CCTDI) دو بار، یک‌بار قبل و یک‌بار بعد از تدریس انجام شد. این مطالعه از یک طرح شبه آزمایشی پیش‌آزمون پس‌آزمون استفاده کرد که در آن تکنیک‌های CT شامل حقیقت‌جویی، ذهن باز، تحلیل‌گری، سیستماتیک، اعتماد به نفس، کنجکاوی و اطلاعات در 6 مرحله به شرکت‌کنندگان معرفی شد. نتایج به دست آمده حاصل از این پژوهش نشان داد که معلمان و داشنجویان رشته آموزش زبان انگلیسی دیدگاه مثبتی را نسبت به تمام بخش های پرسشنامه سنجش تفکر نقادانه داشتند. آنان تمایل مثبتی نسبت به حقیقت جویی و کنجکاوی در نوشته های خود داشتند. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق همچنین نشان داد که شرکت کنندگان در این تحقیق دیدگاه مثبتی نسبت به یادگیری زبان انگلیسی داشتند.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - بررسی صلاحیت بین فرهنگی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و سطح حساسیت بین فرهنگی: داستان تجربه معلمان
Sina Khalili Mohammad Mohammadi

10.30495/jntell.2023.1991817.1074

چکیدهشایستگی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی (ICC) و حساسیت بین فرهنگی (IS) توجه تعدادی از محققان در زمینه آموزش و یادگیری زبان های خارجی را به خود جلب کرده است. مانند بسیاری از مطالعات دیگر که تاکنون انجام شده است، مطالعه حاضر سعی دارد سطوح ICC (شایستگی ارتباط بین فرهنگی) و IS (حسا More

چکیدهشایستگی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی (ICC) و حساسیت بین فرهنگی (IS) توجه تعدادی از محققان در زمینه آموزش و یادگیری زبان های خارجی را به خود جلب کرده است. مانند بسیاری از مطالعات دیگر که تاکنون انجام شده است، مطالعه حاضر سعی دارد سطوح ICC (شایستگی ارتباط بین فرهنگی) و IS (حساسیت بین فرهنگی) معلمان زبان انگلیسی (با تجارب کوتاه مدت و بلندمدت تدریس) را بررسی کرده و و آنها را در عمل از طریق اجرای دو پرسشنامه برای کشف ادراکات یا باورهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی در درک ICC و حساسیت بین فرهنگی اندازه گیری کند. به منظور دستیابی به اهداف فوق، از طریق یک طرح کمی و توصیفی؛ نمونه ای متشکل از 170 معلم زبان انگلیسی با سابقه تدریس کوتاه مدت (N=82) و بلندمدت (N=88) از موسسات و دبیرستان های مختلف زبان استان آذربایجان غربی برای تکمیل دو پرسشنامه ICC و IS انتخاب شدند. نتایج تحلیل کمی داده ها نشان داد که هر دو گروه از معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی به ICC و IS توجه ویژه ای دارند. همچنین مشخص شد که دو گروه معلمان (با سابقه تدریس کوتاه مدت و سابقه تدریس طولانی مدت) از نظر سطوح ICC و IS تفاوت معنی داری ندارند. به بیان دیگر، اگرچه همه معلمان زبان انگلیسی از مفاهیم ICC و IS و اهمیت آنها در شیوه های تدریس خود آگاه بودند، اما به مفهوم فرهنگ توجه داشتند. کاربردهای آموزشی این مطالعه مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Critical Issues of Learning-Oriented Assessment Among Iranian EFL Teachers: Perceptions, Limitations and Challenges
Gholamreza Zareian Hamid Ashraf Hossein Khodabakhshzadeh Javad Gholami Domsky

The present study aimed to investigate Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions about critical issues of LOA using a mixed- methods design. To this end, A 35-item questionnaire for investigating perceptions towards LOA was designed and validated. A group of 213 high sch More

The present study aimed to investigate Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions about critical issues of LOA using a mixed- methods design. To this end, A 35-item questionnaire for investigating perceptions towards LOA was designed and validated. A group of 213 high school EFL teachers in Torbat-e Heidarieh and Mashhad were selected based on simple random sampling as the main participants of the study, and 57 EFL teachers were selected to participate in semi-structured interviews to triangulate the results obtained from the questionnaire. The data obtained through the questionnaire were analyzed using different methods of analysis. First, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to confirm the construct validity of the questionnaire. It included seven subcategories: contextual, affective, interactional, instructional, learning, proficiency, and elicitation. Second, the data were analyzed using SPSS software- using frequencies and percentages, computing independent sample t-test and Pearson Correlation. The results indicated that females had a more positive view than males towards the use of LOA in Iranian language classes. Positive relationship was found between teachers' age and their perceptions of LOA. The results indicated significant relationship between teaching experience and attitude of LOA. The qualitative findings of semi-structured interviews supported those of the questionnaire, revealing that the vast majority of EFL teachers believed that the use of LOA was advantageous and productive. These results have implications for L2 teachers and teacher trainers. Manuscript profile

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61 - بررسی عملکرد ایرانیان در آموزش زبان انگلیسی به دانش آموزان در مدارس
Farhad Kariminasab Shaban Najafi Karimi Amir Marzban

10.30495/jntell.2022.697728

اهداف اصلی این مطالعه ارائه درک درستی از اسناد خط مشی/برنامه‌درسی و آموزش زبان انگلیسی به دانش آموزان میباشد، و سعی نموده تا روش‌های آموزشی اصلی مورد استفاده معلمان را نشان داده، و درک بهتری از نقش‌ها معلمان و مسئولیت‌های آنها را ترسیم نماید. این تحقیق بر روی نمونه ای ا More

اهداف اصلی این مطالعه ارائه درک درستی از اسناد خط مشی/برنامه‌درسی و آموزش زبان انگلیسی به دانش آموزان میباشد، و سعی نموده تا روش‌های آموزشی اصلی مورد استفاده معلمان را نشان داده، و درک بهتری از نقش‌ها معلمان و مسئولیت‌های آنها را ترسیم نماید. این تحقیق بر روی نمونه ای از 728 معلم زبان انگلیسی در دبیرستان های متوسطه اول و دوم، 32 استان ایران صورت پذیرفت. برای جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه‌های خود گزارش‌دهی استفاده شد که به صورت الکترونیکی از طریق اینترنت توزیع گردید. نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که سیاست گذاران در آموزش زبان ممکن است باورهایی در مورد آموزش و یادگیری داشته باشند که به شدت با نگرش ها و نظرات معلمان در تضاد باشد. سطح زبان عمومی بیش از نیمی از نمونه (53٪) از معلمان پایین تر از متوسط است. آموزش پیش از خدمت و ضمن خدمت ارائه شده به معلمان زبان انگلیسی باید به میزان قابل توجهی تقویت شود. طیف گسترده‌ای از مواد درسی برای آموزش دانش آموزان در مدارس مورد نیاز است. آموزش‌ها و برنامه‌های درسی زیربنای آموزش زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی به دانش آموزان نیز نیازمند تغییراتی است. در مجموع، این یافته ها نشان می دهد که رویه فعلی ایرانیان در آموزش زبان انگلیسی به دانش آموزان در مدارس باید اصلاح گردد. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه تعدادی پیشنهاد مهم برای عملکرد بهتر در آینده ارئه میدهد Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - The Relationships between Gender Identity and Teacher Success in Iranian EFL Context
Reza Afsharpour Ghasem Barani Seyyed Hassan Seyyedrezaei Zari Sadat Seyyedrezaie

The current study sought to investigate, from the perspectives of male and female English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers, the relationships between gender identity and the success of EFL teachers. In order to achieve this goal, 420 EFL teachers—200 men and 2 More

The current study sought to investigate, from the perspectives of male and female English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers, the relationships between gender identity and the success of EFL teachers. In order to achieve this goal, 420 EFL teachers—200 men and 220 women—participated in the study. The teachers were delivering English instruction at several language schools located in Alborz and Tehran. Convenience sampling was used to choose the participants. The design used in this study was correlational. The participants were given the Masculinity/Femininity Scale and the Characteristics of Successful Iranian EFL Teachers Scale to gather data. The participants completed the scales over the course of a month. Following data collection, the data was analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation technique. The results demonstrated a significant relationship between gender identity and the success of male and female teachers. The study concludes with a discussion of the implications of the study. Manuscript profile

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63 - طراحی و اعتبارسنجی بازخوردهای اصلاحی مقیاس ترجیحی: هدف قرارگیری ویژگی های زمینه ای
Mohammad Rahimi Shahram Afraz Amin Karimniya

10.30495/jntell.2022.693984

مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای کشف ساختارهای زیر بنایی اساسی  عامل اساسی پرسشنامه محقق ساز  مربوط به بازخوردهای اصلاحی بود که برای تعیین ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. برای این منظور، 150 معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن از موسسات خصوص More

مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای کشف ساختارهای زیر بنایی اساسی  عامل اساسی پرسشنامه محقق ساز  مربوط به بازخوردهای اصلاحی بود که برای تعیین ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. برای این منظور، 150 معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن از موسسات خصوصی  زبان به علت موجودیت و در دسترس بودن  برای شرکت در مطالعه انتخاب شدند. برای دستیابی به یک نمونه مناسب برای اعتبار سنجی سازه (تحلیل عاملی)، دقت شد که حداقل 125 شرکت‌کننده انتخاب شوند سن شرکت کنندگان از 27 تا 38 سال بود. در پژوهش حاضر از دو ابزار تحقیق شامل مصاحبه و پرسشنامه جدید طراحی شده توسط محقق در این زمینه استفاده شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که ساختارهای عاملی زیربنایی پرسشنامه محقق ساز جدید  شامل نوع خطا و نوع بازخود اصلاحی ، زمان بازخورد و استراتژی معلمان، سطح مهارت و پیش‌برنامه‌ریزی، درک شده توسط فراگیران، تصور منفی و تفاوت جنسیتی، تسلط، اصلاح و افزایش بازخورد اصلاحی  است. علاوه بر این، یک پرسشنامه جدید جهت بازخورد های اصلاحی  برای درک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. در نهایت، پیامدهای مطالعه ارائه شده است.   Manuscript profile

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64 - English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Proactive Classroom Management Strategies and Their Self-Efficacy
Faranak Fadaei Abdorreza Tahriri

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65 - An Exploration into Iranian Novice versus Experienced EFL Teachers’ Perceptions toward a New Model of Teacher Supervision
Ashraf Montaseri Reza Pajoohan Doost Davood Ghahremani

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66 - The Effect of Different Educational Contexts on Iranian Teachers’ Perception and Implementation of Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT)
Maryam DelfarianTurk Firroz Sadighi Leila Akbarpour

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different educational contexts (institutes and high schools) on Iranian teachers’ perceptions and implementation of task-based language teaching (TBLT). This mixed-methods research through quantitative and qua More

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different educational contexts (institutes and high schools) on Iranian teachers’ perceptions and implementation of task-based language teaching (TBLT). This mixed-methods research through quantitative and qualitative methodology tried to shed light on why TBLT was practiced or avoided. The data were gathered through questionnaires, interviews, and observation from 60 Iranian teachers working at some English language institutes and high schools. The participants were divided into two groups. The results of the study were examined using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics determined the central tendency of teachers’ answers to the questionnaire, and inferential statistics was employed as well to use an independent samples t-test to compare the mean scores of the two groups. Questionnaires were distributed among teachers and collected individually. The collected data was tabulated for analysis, assessing teachers' perceptions and implementation of TBLT. Ten teachers were randomly selected for interviews, exploring their reasons for adopting or avoiding TBLT and gaining insight into their practices and beliefs. The ten-minute individual interview sessions were recorded and evaluated by the researcher. The quantitative results of the study indicated that first, institute and school teachers had different perceptions about the TBLT method. Second, there was no significant difference between institute and school teachers’ attitudes toward implementing this language teaching method. Third, although there was no significant difference between institute and school teachers in applying this method, the results claimed that these two groups are significantly different in avoiding TBLT in their classes. In the qualitative study, the observation results indicated that the majority of institute teachers implemented all phases of TBLT. On the other hand, the instructors mostly avoided implementing TBLT in their junior and senior high school classes. Classroom size, lack of time, improper textbook materials, and students’ lack of prior knowledge as the hindrances of TBLT implementation were among the main reasons that teachers avoided TBLT. Manuscript profile

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67 - EFL Teachers' Professional Development Needs: A Comparative Phenomenological Analysis for Face-to-Face and Online Instruction
Hossein Isaee Hamed Barjesteh

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68 - EFL Teachers’ Awareness, Perceptions, and Practices of Implementing Active Learning Methods
Tesfanesh Telore Abebe Damtew

This study was mainly aimed at assessing English language teachers’ awareness, perceptions, and practices of implementing active learning methods at Kambata Tembaro zone, Ethiopia. A descriptive survey method in a mixed approach was used to collect, analyze, and interpr More

This study was mainly aimed at assessing English language teachers’ awareness, perceptions, and practices of implementing active learning methods at Kambata Tembaro zone, Ethiopia. A descriptive survey method in a mixed approach was used to collect, analyze, and interpret data for the study. Instruments such as classroom observation, questionnaires, and focus group discussions were employed to collect valid data for the study. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze and present the data. Thus, data gathered via classroom observation and questionnaire were quantitatively analyzed by using SPSS, and data gathered via focus group discussion were qualitatively analyzed through narrations. The findings of the study revealed that teachers are not adequately aware of active learning methods. The findings of the study also revealed that teachers view/perceive active learning methods negatively. Likewise, the study ensured that the implementation of active learning methods in the zone was almost nonexistent. The researchers suggested that the teachers should take capacity-building pieces of training on a short and long-term basis. Manuscript profile

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69 - Iranian EFL Teachers' Professional Success in High Schools and Private Language Institutes: A Comparative Study
Zeinab Roosta Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri

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70 - On the Relationship Between EFL Teachers’ Burnout and Their Affective Construct
Sanaz Maroofi Hamed Ghaemi

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71 - The Application of Ellis’s Principles for Effective Instructed Foreign Language Learning in Iranian Language Institutes and High Schools
Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri Marzieh Mehrnoush

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72 - The Role Of Social Support Dimensions On Predicting Work Engagement Among Female Teachers Of Primary Exceptional Schools In Ahwaz City
Ezatolah Ghadampour Leila Mansouri Hadis Bakdeli Nasrabad

The aim of present study was to examine the role of social support dimensions on predicting work engagement among female teachers of Ahvaz primary exceptional schools.From the above population 302 individuals were selected via stratified sampling method as research samp More

The aim of present study was to examine the role of social support dimensions on predicting work engagement among female teachers of Ahvaz primary exceptional schools.From the above population 302 individuals were selected via stratified sampling method as research sample. The research was a descriptive and correlational study. Data were collected through Phillips & et.al Social Support Questionnaire (1986) and Schaufeli & Salanova Work Engagement Questionnaire (2001). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, stepwise multiple regression analysis and through SPSS. The results showed significant positive correlation between social support and its aspects including friends and family with work engagement. Also there was no significant between others and work engagement. The results of regression analysis showed that among different aspects of social support, only family factor could predict work engagement. Based on the result we could say that social support has a vital role in increasing work engagement among exceptional school teachers. Manuscript profile

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73 - Poor Learning and academic performance of female high school students; Examining the experiences of female teachers
Mohammad Amini Seyed Ahmad Madani Fatemeh Baghsheykhy

The   main objective of this research was to investigate and explore the most important factors affecting learning weakness and poor academic performance of female students in secondary education of Kashan, based on the experiences and narratives of the teache More

The   main objective of this research was to investigate and explore the most important factors affecting learning weakness and poor academic performance of female students in secondary education of Kashan, based on the experiences and narratives of the teachers of this level. The general approach to this research is a qualitative approach which based on the grounded theory and use of the lived   experience research tradition through the process of deep semi-structured interview. In this regard, using the purposeful sampling method, the experiences of 19 second high school teaches were collected and analyzed through the three-step open, axial and selective coding process. The results and findings of this research showed that the most important factors associated with the weakness of female students’ learning and academic performance of were teachers, communication technologies, family, textbooks, structure and planning of the educational system, lack of facilities, equipment and spacel, evaluation methods, time and social, cultural and economic facts of society. At the same time, the researchers by focusing on above factors deduced and abstracted two principal themes or phenomena of research, schooling factors (internal variables) and social factors (external variables). These factors are the main factors explaining the weakness of learning and reducing the academic performance of second-grade female students.Obviously, the implementation of the necessary strategies for coping with the problems associated with the mentioned factors requires an organized and coherent effort of the educational system especially in the secondary school. Manuscript profile

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74 - The relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city
پرویز Askary فرح Naderi کبرا Hakal

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city. The research sample consisted of 200 female teachers in Ahvaz city who were randomly selected in a cluster More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality traits and social support with job satisfaction of female teachers in Ahvaz city. The research sample consisted of 200 female teachers in Ahvaz city who were randomly selected in a cluster and were evaluated with tests of personality traits, social support of Philip and JDI job satisfaction. The current research was correlational and data analysis using Pearson's correlation method at a significance level of P < 0.05 showed that there is a significant relationship with job satisfaction in terms of the components of conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness and social support. , but in terms of the components of neuroticism and openness, there is no significant relationship with job satisfaction. Manuscript profile

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75 - Relationship Between Spouse-Specific Dependencies With Mental Health Among Ahvaz Teachers
سعید Bakhteiar poor فرح Naderi زینب Ameri

This research studied the relationship between spouse-specific dependencies with mental health in Ahvaz female teachers. The sample consisted of 135 women who were selected randomly by cluster sampling method from Ahvaz city teachers. In this research, different instrum More

This research studied the relationship between spouse-specific dependencies with mental health in Ahvaz female teachers. The sample consisted of 135 women who were selected randomly by cluster sampling method from Ahvaz city teachers. In this research, different instruments were used to collect deta, such as Spouse-Specifcic Dependency (SSDW) and Symptom Check List-25 (SCL-25). To analyze the data, Pearson correlation were used. Results indicated that there was a significut  relation between spouse-specific dependency with mental health in Ahvaz teachers. The level of significancy in this study was p<0.05. Manuscript profile

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76 - Study of Female Teachers knowledge on Environmental Issues
Nafiseh Salehy Azita Koushafar

Women via food, water, household waste and energy management at home could create very positive results to maintain the environment. The purpose of environmental education was to increase awareness and or the ability to recognize and describe the environmental More

Women via food, water, household waste and energy management at home could create very positive results to maintain the environment. The purpose of environmental education was to increase awareness and or the ability to recognize and describe the environmental issues so the people can acquire skills or to develop methods to solve environmental problems. The aim of this study was to estimate the environmental education objectives, assess the level of knowledge of teachers in secondary schools in the Ahvaz region 4 in relation to environmental issues in 1393 .100 questionnaires containing 17 items were distributed in 4 schools in Ahwaz region. Collected data were analyzed with descriptive methods. The results showed the necessity of environmental education in the community and lack of environmental information. The sample teachers stated lack of environmental responsibility and ignorance, and ignorance of the people were as causes of environmental issues worsening. A large number of teachers remarked that direct education to students and educational workshops were to be considering as effective methods. The most important environmental problems in the country according to the respondents was the lack of environmental responsibility, the current energy crisis, air pollution and waste disposal. Such estimation reﬂected the low teachers ' knowledge of environmental problems. Because problems such as degradation and depletion of natural resources, global warming and population growth are far more important than the broader principles of waste disposal. Therefore, it is recommended that the Ministry of Education should consider a series of scientifc studies and environmental planning related to the environment in course content in different ways. Manuscript profile

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77 - Comparison of Educational Efficiency Using the Bybee Model and the Combined Teaching Method on Academic Achievement and Social Responsibility of Student Teachers
zahra sarchahani Zhila Hidari Naghdali Mojtaba sarchahani

   The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficiency of Bybee five-step teaching method and the combined teaching method on academic achievement and social responsibility of students at Farhangian University. The research method was quasi-experime More

   The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficiency of Bybee five-step teaching method and the combined teaching method on academic achievement and social responsibility of students at Farhangian University. The research method was quasi-experimental. A pretest-post-test design was used for two groups. The statistical population was all students of Farhangian University of Fars province. A total of 34 students were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling and randomly divided into two groups (each group included 17 people). One group was trained with the combined teaching method and the other group was trained with Bybee method in eight 90-minute sessions during eight weeks. For collecting data, the Social Responsibility Questionnaire of Qalavandi & et al. (2014) and the researcher-made academic achievement test were used. Validity of social responsibility questionnaire was assessed using content validity and its reliability was calculated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.859). The validity of the test of academic achievement was confirmed by content validity. To determine its reliability, the Kuder-Richardson formula was used and its value was 0.78. Descriptive statistics and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the level of academic achievement and social responsibility of students who were trained with the Bybee method (5E) was significantly more than those who were trained with the combined teaching method. Compared to the combined method, using the Bybee method increases students' responsibility and academic achievement. Manuscript profile

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78 - Investigating the spiritual intelligence of student teachers in order to achieve transcendent education
Pari Fahandezh saadi Abbas Anarinejad

10.30495/ee.2021.685535

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spiritual intelligence of student teachers of Farhangian University of Shiraz to achieve transcendent education. This research is considered as a quantitative research in terms of nature and applied research More

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spiritual intelligence of student teachers of Farhangian University of Shiraz to achieve transcendent education. This research is considered as a quantitative research in terms of nature and applied research in terms of purpose. The research method was field survey and the statistical population of the study included students of Shiraz Farhangian University in the academic year of 2019-2020, amongst which 310 people were selected using Cochran's formula by stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the King Spiritual Intelligence Scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the questionnaire had a reliability of 0.87 which was done through Cronbach's alpha. The research data were analyzed using SPSS21 software with one-sample t-test and independent t-test. Students are in a relatively high position in terms of spiritual intelligence and its components (except for the expansion of the state of consciousness), but they are far from the desired level of adequacy. Meanwhile, there is a significant difference between the spiritual intelligence of male and female students. Manuscript profile

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79 - The Relationship between Work Ethics and Occupational Resilience with Job Stress and Burnout among Exceptional Schools' Teachers
samaneh salimi malihe seyami

10.30495/ee.2021.685530

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work ethics and occupational resilience with job stress and burnout among exceptional school teachers. This research was conducted by using the descriptive correlational methodology. The statistical popul More

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work ethics and occupational resilience with job stress and burnout among exceptional school teachers. This research was conducted by using the descriptive correlational methodology. The statistical population comprised exceptional school teachers (N=163) in Zahedan, Iran. Among them, 113 teachers were selected using a simple random sampling method. Eliot's Job Stress Questionnaire (1998), Maslach Burnout Inventory (2002), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), and Work Ethics Scale by Ali and Ali Kazemi (2002) were used to collect data. The content validity of these tools was confirmed based on the CVR index and opinions of 8 experts. Moreover, the reliability of the tools mentioned above equaled 0.90, 0.88, 0.90, and 0.86, Cronbach's alpha respectively. Data analysis was done through SPSS software. According to findings obtained from the one-way t-test, the work ethics of teachers was perfect, while they did not have an optimal situation in terms of job stress and burnout, as well as occupational resilience. Correlation coefficients indicated a negative and significant correlation between work ethics, occupational resilience, and job stress. Further, there was no significant relationship between work ethics and job burnout, as well as occupational resilience and job burnout.     Manuscript profile

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80 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence with the Quality of Work Life of Physical Education Teachers
omid safari nima shahidi

10.30495/ee.2022.1952463.1067

    Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the quality of work life of physical education teachers in Mamasani city. research methodology:This research More

    Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence with the quality of work life of physical education teachers in Mamasani city. research methodology:This research was applied in terms of purpose, as well as descriptive correlation in terms of nature and method. The statistical population in this study was all 140 physical education teachers in Mamasani city, and 135 people were tested by total sampling method. In this study, standard questionnaires of spiritual intelligence of Ali Badie et al. (2010), emotional intelligence of Bradbury and Graves (2005) and quality of work life of Richard Walton (2012) were used. Pearson correlation test, regression analysis and SPSS software were used to answer the research questions. Findings:The results of Pearson correlation test showed that emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence had a significant relationship with the quality of teachers' work life and also the results of regression analysis test showed that the dimensions of emotional intelligence (self-awareness and social awareness) and dimensions of spiritual intelligence (general thinking and belief dimension, ability of dealing with and interacting with problems and self-awareness, love and interest) have the power to predict the quality of work life of teachers. Manuscript profile

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81 - Providing a pattern of perceived organizational and social support and quality of work life with the moderating role of psychological empowerment
omid safari hadis ghasmyanasl

10.30495/ee.2022.1952637.1070

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to provide a pattern of perceived organizational and social support and quality of work life with the moderating role of psychological empowerment of physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties. The nature of t More

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to provide a pattern of perceived organizational and social support and quality of work life with the moderating role of psychological empowerment of physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties. The nature of this descriptive research is of survey type and in terms of relationships between variables, it is of correlation type. research methodology: The statistical population of this study included all 94 physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties. Among these, 83 people collaborated with the researcher through total population sampling method. Data were collected from one demographic questionnaire and four standard questionnaires of perceived organizational support (Eisenberger et al., 1990), perceived social support (Zimt et al., 1988), quality of work life (Carrie Walton, 1975) and psychological empowerment. (Spritzer, 1995). In order to describe the data, descriptive statistical methods were used and for inferential analysis of the data, the statistical methods of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression and structural equations were used in SPSS software. Findings: Findings of this study indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between perceived organizational support and perceived social support with quality of work life through psychological empowerment of subjects. The model presented in the research has a good fit (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: As a result, more attention should be paid to the variables of social support, organizational support and psychological empowerment of employees in order to improve the quality of work life within the organization. Manuscript profile

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82 - Determining the competency indicators of the first grade high school teachers in Karaj city
farzad eskandari nasab Khadijeh Abolmaali Freeborz dortaj Freeborz Bagheri

10.30495/ee.2023.1983075.1162

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the competency indicators of the first grade high school teachers in Karaj city in the academic year 2021. research methodology: The research method was a qualitative type of grounded theory with More

Introduction: The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the competency indicators of the first grade high school teachers in Karaj city in the academic year 2021. research methodology: The research method was a qualitative type of grounded theory with a systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin, until the theoretical saturation, 10 experts, specialists, and officials in the field of education in Karaj city, who were knowledgeable in the executive departments and issues related to the competence of teachers, were selected in a purposeful manner. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data. In data analysis, 359 primary codes, 36 components with 220 concepts were obtained by using open, central and selective coding. Findings: The findings indicated that the components are based on indicators such as the causal conditions of teachers' competence, including: responsibility, being a role model, etc.; contextual conditions include: conscientiousness, self-confidence, etc.; Strategic conditions include: familiarity with educational psychology, flexibility, etc.; Intervening conditions include: innovation, the ability to diagnose and solve the problem, etc.; Consequence conditions including: consulting skills, management skills, etc. were identified. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it is possible to pay attention to the identified causal, contextual and strategic factors in improving the competence of teachers. Manuscript profile

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83 - Developing a professional development framework of physical education teachers with an interpretative structural approach
Somayeh Emadi Zoleikha Alizadeh Abed Gholami

10.30495/ee.2024.1988033.1177

Introduction: Teachers are the key factor in improving the performance of students and improving the quality of education is not possible without the development of the teaching profession. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to formulate the professional develo More

Introduction: Teachers are the key factor in improving the performance of students and improving the quality of education is not possible without the development of the teaching profession. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to formulate the professional development framework of physical education teachers with an interpretative structural approach. research methodology: This research is practical in terms of purpose and the data was collected in the field and in a mixed way (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative sample included 19 experts who were selected in a targeted non-random way. The statistical population in the quantitative section was the managers and experts of physical education, who were first selected by stratified random and then non-randomly and available to 384 people. The research tool, a researcher-made questionnaire, included factors affecting the professional development of physical education teachers, whose content validity was confirmed by 10 sports management professors, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test in addition to recoding by two coders (α= 0.89). In order to determine the action priorities in the professional development of teachers, the interpretive structural model was used. Findings: The findings indicated that 37 indicators in the form of 12 components have an effect on the professional development of physical education teachers and the components were structured in seven levels. The components of empowerment and macro policymaking were placed in the base of the model, and physical and psychological components and social factors were placed at the first level. Conclusion: It can be said that empowering teachers and increasing training courses will facilitate the achievement of other factors affecting the professional development of physical education teachers. Manuscript profile

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84 - The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Psychological capital and Teachers' Job Burnout
Majid Sadoughi Zeinab zarjini

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among female high school teachers. The study method was descriptive with correlational design. The study population included all high scho More

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among female high school teachers. The study method was descriptive with correlational design. The study population included all high school and middle school teachers in Saveh, Iran (N=220) were taught in the academic year 94-95. Using Krejcie & Morgan Table (1970), 136 female high school teachers were selected through stratified multi-stage sampling. The respondents completed the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (shot), Luthans Psychological Capital Scale and Maslach Job Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Stepwise Multiple-Regression Analysis in SPSS 18 Software. The results revealed that there is significant inverse relationship between components of emotional intelligence and psychological capital with job burnout among teachers. The result of stepwise regression showed that self-efficacy, resilience and emotional expression evaluation can predict job burnout among teachers. The findings imply that improving emotional intelligence and psychological capital can lead to reduced employment problems resulting in burnout teachers. Manuscript profile

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85 - Presenting a model of social intelligence and business intelligence on quality of life with mediated role of risk management in North Khorasan teachers
Masoomeh Nazemi Kiumarth Niazazari Negin Jabbari

This research aimed to presenting a model of social intelligence and business intelligence on quality of life with mediated role of risk management in North Khorasan teachers. Present study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was Nort More

This research aimed to presenting a model of social intelligence and business intelligence on quality of life with mediated role of risk management in North Khorasan teachers. Present study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was North Khorasan teachers in academic years of 2018-19. The sample was based on Cochran's formula estimated 374 people, which were selected by multistep cluster sampling method. The research instruments were the standard questionnaires of Tromso social intelligence (Silvera and et al, 2001), business intelligence (Popovic and et al, 2012) and risk management (Bilandi, 2015) and researcher-made quality of life questionnaire. Data were analyzed with using correlation coefficients and structural equations in SPSS and LISREL software. The findings showed that social intelligence and business intelligence had a positive and direct effect on risk management, social intelligence, business intelligence and risk management had a positive and direct effect on quality of life and social intelligence and business intelligence with mediated of risk management had a positive and indirect effect on quality of life (P<0.05). Therefore, risk management was a good mediator between social intelligence and business intelligence with quality of life. As a result, to improve quality of life of teachers can be improved their social intelligence, business intelligence and risk management. Manuscript profile

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86 - The Role of Virtual Social Networks and Interaction Patterns of Teachers with Students in Predicting Learning Strategies of Secondary School Students
Maryam Gholipour Vahid Fallah Seyedeh Esmat Rasooli

The aim of present research was determine the role of virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students in predicting learning strategies of secondary school students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation met More

The aim of present research was determine the role of virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students in predicting learning strategies of secondary school students. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The study population was the secondary school students of Babol city in the 2018-19 academic years with number 15300 people, which according to the Cochran's formula the sample size was calculated 374 people who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. To collected data used from the Pintrich & DeGroot learning strategies scale (1990), Savita & Liyaqat virtual social network questionnaire (2018) and Wubbels & et al interaction patterns of teachers with students scale (1993). Data were analyzed by methods of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with stepwise model in SPSS software version 20 at a significance level of 0.05. The results of analysis showed that virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students had a positive and significant relationship with the learning strategies of secondary school students. Also, virtual social networks and interaction patterns of teachers with students played a significant role in predicting their learning strategies (p < 0.001). According to the results to improve the learning strategies of secondary school students can increase the rate use of virtual social networks and improve the interaction patterns of teachers with students through workshops. Manuscript profile

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87 - The Relationship of Possible Selves development of EFL Teachers with their Self-Efficacy and Students Achievement
Adel dastgoshadeh

Teacher efficacy belief is an essential factor constructed from different sources and proved to be “powerfully related to many meaningful educational outcomes such as teacher persistence, enthusiasm, commitment and instructional behavior, as well as student outcom More

Teacher efficacy belief is an essential factor constructed from different sources and proved to be “powerfully related to many meaningful educational outcomes such as teacher persistence, enthusiasm, commitment and instructional behavior, as well as student outcomes such as achievement, motivation, and self-efficacy belief” (Tschannen-Moran & Hoy, 2001, p. 783). The present study was intended to investigate possible relationships of the development of EFL teachers’ possible selves with teacher efficacy and students’ achievement. Eighty-seven teachers selected from different Language Institutes participated in this study and filled in EFL teachers’ L2 Self Development Questionnaire as well as Teacher Self-Efficacy Scale (TSES). The participants were also requested to specify the mean scores of the achievement tests they administered to their students in the previous term. The results of data analysis indicated significant relationships of teachers’ possible selves development with their self-efficacy and students’ achievement. To investigate which components of possible selves might have more predictive power in predicting teacher’s self-efficacy and student’s achievement, regression analysis was run. The four subscales of possible selves – ideal, ought-to, actual, and feared selves- were found to be good predictors of teacher self-efficacy and only three subscales of possible selves including ideal, ought-to, and actual selves were strongly correlated with student’s achievement. Manuscript profile

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88 - Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support with Quality of Work Life through Psychological Empowerment
hadis ghasmyanasl omid safari

The purpose of this study was to study perceived organizational support with quality of work life through psychological empowerment of physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties. The statistical population of this study included all physical education t More

The purpose of this study was to study perceived organizational support with quality of work life through psychological empowerment of physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties. The statistical population of this study included all physical education teachers in Mamasani and Rostam counties, 94 people. Of these, 83 people collaborated with the researcher by total number sampling method. Data were collected from one demographic questionnaire and four standard questionnaires of perceived organizational support (Eisenberger et al., 1990), quality of work life (Carrie Walton, 1975) and psychological empowerment. (Spritzer, 1995) was used. In order to describe the data, descriptive statistical methods were used and for inferential analysis of the data, the statistical methods of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used in SPSS software. Findings of this study showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between perceived organizational support with quality of work life through psychological empowerment of subjects (P /0 Manuscript profile

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89 - Peer mentoring components and indicators for teachers' professional development: a systematic review based on Wright's model
Nahid Yasavol Hadi pourshafei Hossain Momeni Mahmouei Ahmad Akbari

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the components of peer mentoring for teachers. The approach of the present research is qualitative and its method is a systematic review based on the model of Wright et al. (2007). The research community consists of 623 More

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the components of peer mentoring for teachers. The approach of the present research is qualitative and its method is a systematic review based on the model of Wright et al. (2007). The research community consists of 623 articles about the components of peer mentoring for teachers that were presented in reputable scientific journals between 2014 and 2023. The research sample includes 30 articles that were purposefully collected and selected based on thematic data monitoring. The research data were collected from the qualitative analysis of the studied documents. Based on the data analysis, the components of peer mentoring for teachers were classified into 6 dimensions and 18 factors. These dimensions include the dimension of individual-personality components (including factors; personalization, process management, motivation and interest and cognitive characteristics), socio-cultural dimension (including factors; attention to learning culture, creating professional communities and effective interaction), organizational dimension (including factors; support) and consulting components dimension (including factors; communication skills, ethics and clinical supervision), educational components (including factors such as expertise) core, collaborative learning, authentic education and educational technology) and research components (including factors such as research skills and the integration of theory and practice). Manuscript profile

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90 - Study the relationship of organizational culture and knowledge management with quality of life, work of physical education teachers
omid safari nima shahidi

10.30495/kmsj.2022.1949507.1024

The purpose of this study was to study the relationship of organizational culture and knowledge management with quality of life, work of physical education teachers. The statistical population of this research was administrative physical education teachers in Mamasani c More

The purpose of this study was to study the relationship of organizational culture and knowledge management with quality of life, work of physical education teachers. The statistical population of this research was administrative physical education teachers in Mamasani city (totally 80 people). 66 people were selected by random sampling as example. Data were collected using organizational culture questionnaire Denison (2000) knowledge management questionnaire Nonaks and Takochi (1995) and work life quality questionnaire Valton 1973. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between all aspects of organizational culture and the quality of work life of employees (p≤0.001). Also, from the dimensions of organizational culture, the dimensions of participation and integrity and flexibility and mission have the power to predict meaningfully for the quality of working life of employees. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between all dimensions of knowledge management with quality of life of employees (p≤0.001). Also, from the dimensions of knowledge management, the dimensions of extroversion, combination and internalization and social adjustment of power have a significant predictive value for the quality of working life of employees. Manuscript profile

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91 - A Study of Structural Model of The Relationship between Knowledge Management Process and Managerial Skills with Mediatory Role of Creative Thinking among Isfahan High School managers and teachers
Ali Shamsi Saeid Rajaii por Reza Hoveida

Abstract Background: in the modern world, knowledge and its management is one of the most important necessities of every educational institute where managers play vital roles. Objective:The present study has investigated the relationship between managerial skills and k More

Abstract Background: in the modern world, knowledge and its management is one of the most important necessities of every educational institute where managers play vital roles. Objective:The present study has investigated the relationship between managerial skills and knowledge management mediated by creative thinking among Isfahan high school managers and teachers in the educational year, 94-95. Method:The school managers and teachers of high schools constitute the population of this research. The research enjoyed an applied and a correlational-descriptive method. The sampling was a proportional classified to size. To calculate the samples' size, Cookran formula and Morgan tables were used. 185 managers answered to Torrence's creative thinking questionnaire by 0.88 reliability and 370 teachers answered to managerial skills and knowledge management questionnaires based on Katz and Nonnka's theory by 0.97 reliability. The collected data were analyzed by Lizerel and SPSS software. Results:The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between managerial skills and knowledge management in p Conclusion: implementation of knowledge management system requires managerial skills. In this vein, creative thinking can have a mediating role. Keywords: Knowledge Management; Managerial Skills; Creative Thinking; high school managers; high school teachers Manuscript profile

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92 - Investigating the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Job engagement with the Mediating Role of Emotional Creativity among Primary School Teachers
Niloofar Rabiee Leila Moghtadaie Abdolrasoul Jamshidian

Field and objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and job engagement with the mediating role of emotional creativity among elementary school teachers.Methodology: This research was descriptive-c More

Field and objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and job engagement with the mediating role of emotional creativity among elementary school teachers.Methodology: This research was descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population of the study included all elementary school teachers in 2019-2020, and the statistical sample (191 people) was selected through stratified random sampling method. The data collecting instruments were Bass’s (1985) transformational Leadership questionnaire (α=0/90), Schaufeli’s (2001) job engagement scale (α=0/78), and Averil’s (1996) emotional creativity questionnaire (α=0/70). The data were analyzed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics, and structural equation modeling analysis and SPSS 22 were used to analyze the hypotheses.Findings: Findings indicated the role of emotional creativity as a mediator between transformational leadership and job engagement. There was a positive and significant relationship between the components of transformational leadership (inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence & individual consideration) and job engagement. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between the components of transformational leadership (inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence & individual consideration) and emotional creativity (P<0/01).Conclusion: This study showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the components of transformational leadership and teachers' job engagement and emotional creativity. According to this finding, if managers see transformational leadership strategies as a requirement on their leadership style, they can make teachers enthusiastic about their work. On the other hand, by confirming the role of emotional creativity as a mediating variable, it is suggested that in order to increase the job engagement of elementary school teachers, managers can promote their emotional creativity. Manuscript profile

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93 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of problem solving training on creativity and cognitive flexibility in teachers of work and technology
Arezoo Omidpoor Soleyman Kabini Moghadam Hojatalah Miyandehi

Background: The education system must make fundamental changes within itself in order to be able to cope with the rapid changes in the information society, and on the other hand to be able to respond to the needs of creative society and creative people in society. Objec More

Background: The education system must make fundamental changes within itself in order to be able to cope with the rapid changes in the information society, and on the other hand to be able to respond to the needs of creative society and creative people in society. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving training on creativity and cognitive flexibility among teachers of work and technology. Method: This research was conducted in a quasi-experimental manner with a pretest-posttest design with a control and follow-up group. The statistical population of the study included all female teachers of labor and technology in District 1 of Rasht in the academic year 2019-2020 in the number of 146 people. For sampling, 30 qualified volunteer teachers who scored less than 120 on the Abedi creativity questionnaire (1993) and less than 80 on the Dennis and Vanderwall (2010) cognitive flexibility questionnaire were identified and then randomly assigned. They were included in 2 study groups. The experimental group underwent 10 sessions of Dezorilla and Goldfried (1971) problem-solving training intervention. In order to evaluate the stability of the results, a follow-up test was performed 1 month after the post-test of the experimental groups. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Beferroni post hoc test using SPSS software. Results: The results showed that for the creativity variable the effect of group (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.571), the effect of time (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.613) and the interaction of group × time (P˂0.001 and eta=0.608) was significant. Also for the cognitive flexibility variable group effect (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.609), time effect (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.653) and group × time interaction (P˂0.001 and eta= 0.612) ) was significant. On the other hand, the results of benfroni post hoc test indicate a significant difference between the means of the experimental group in the pre-test with post-test (P˂0.001) and pre-test with follow-up (P˂0.001) for the variables of creativity and cognitive flexibility was. Manuscript profile

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94 - Analyzing the perception and lived experience of primary school teachers regarding creativity
صدیقه یاسمی marjan kian

Purpose: The present research was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the perception and lived experience of teachers regarding creativity in the elementary school. Methodology: The research approach is qualitative, which was carried out using the phenomenological m More

Purpose: The present research was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the perception and lived experience of teachers regarding creativity in the elementary school. Methodology: The research approach is qualitative, which was carried out using the phenomenological method. The research community included elementary school teachers in Tehran in the academic year of 1399-1400. The sampling method in the present study was the purposeful sampling of the sampling type of normal cases. Finally, data saturation was achieved by conducting 13 interviews with experienced teachers. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. This type of interview is suitable for qualitative research due to its depth and flexibility. Face-to-face interviews were not possible due to the corona situation and school closures. Therefore, the interview was conducted online. In order to analyze the collected data, the seven-step Claysey method was used. Research findings: the in-depth analysis of views on the concept of creativity led to the identification of three main themes with the title 1- the nature of creativity; 2- creative student and 3- creative teacher and thirteen subthemes. Also, a detailed analysis of the teachers' views on creativity development methods led to the extraction of two main themes titled 1- factors related to the teacher and 2- factors related to the curriculum and eight sub-themes. Finally, a detailed and meticulous examination of the teachers' views regarding the barriers to fostering creativity led to the classification of three main themes under the title 1- Barriers related to students; 2- Barriers related to teachers and 3- Barriers related to curriculum and eleven sub-themes. Conclusion: The findings of this research can be used to create a targeted approach to verify teachers' belief systems and address their incomplete perceptions of creativity. Manuscript profile

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95 - The Role of Family Cohesion and Flexibility in Predicting Parental Self-efficacy in Secondary Education Teachers in Yasuj
Mohammad Mashhadizade Soltanali Kazemi Mohammad Khayer Siamak Samani

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family cohesion and flexibility in predicting parental self-efficacy in Yasuj Secondary School Teachers. Methodology: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population includes More

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of family cohesion and flexibility in predicting parental self-efficacy in Yasuj Secondary School Teachers. Methodology: This study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population includes Yasuj Secondary Secondary Education Teachers who were teaching in the academic year 2018-17. Sample size included 150 secondary school teachers who were selected through multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected and analyzed using the Domka and et al (1996), Shakeri Family Flexibility Scale (1999) and Samani Family Cohesion Questionnaire (2002). The reliability of the research instruments was estimated 0.71, 0.77 and 0.81 respectively using Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Data were analyzed using linear regression at the significant level of 0.05. Findings: Based on the findings of Flexibility and Family Cohesion were able to predict parental self-efficacy (P <0.001). Conclusion: Families with good emotional cohesion, given the ability of healthy families in terms of communication skills and appropriate emotional cohesion, have the opportunity to exchange information and as a result, parents of such families are more capable of parenting and raising their children. Manuscript profile

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96 - Identifying Executive Challenges of Life Skills Education in Secondary School (A Phenomenological Study)
Tayebeh Ranjbar Ahmadabadi Gholam Ali Ahmadi Mehdi Davaei Alireza Asareh

Purpose: This study was aimed at understanding the lived experiences of teachers about the executive challenges of life skills education in secondary school.Methodology: This qualitative research was performed using the phenomenological method. Data collection tools wer More

Purpose: This study was aimed at understanding the lived experiences of teachers about the executive challenges of life skills education in secondary school.Methodology: This qualitative research was performed using the phenomenological method. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews. For this purpose, using the criterion-based method and chain-based sampling, 13 interviews with teachers who were familiar with the skills of education were conducted. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. To validate the research, Lincoln and Guba's evaluative criteria were used.Findings: The analysis of the interviews indicates four comprehensive themes (social challenges, economic challenges, content challenges, and method challenges), 17 organizing themes, and 43 basic themes. The results showed that items such as non-involvement of students, non-involvement of parents, unfamiliarity with the life skills, resistance of stakeholders, ideological view, lack of attention to the needs of adolescents, lack of appropriate resources, irrelevant content, overemphasis on knowledge, chaotic content structure, double financial burden on the education system, lack of financial involvement of stakeholders, No budget allocation, lack of familiarity of teachers in teacher training with topics related to life skills, multiple academic pressure on students, inappropriate assessment and inappropriate teaching tools play a major role in the ineffective implementation of life skills training.Conclusion: According to the above findings, it can be said that teaching life skills will not be effective regardless of the challenges that exist in this regard, so solving these challenges is one of the most basic prerequisites for teaching life skills. Manuscript profile

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97 - A study of organizational inertia with social laziness through social attrition in physical education teachers
امید صفری سعیده مینایی غلامرضا صفری

10.30495/qrm.2023.705368

AbstractToday, the activity of organizations and especially educational organizations in the current competitive environment requires dynamism and mobility, and these organizations must turn to innovation and continuous changes for their survival and dynamism, so the pu More

AbstractToday, the activity of organizations and especially educational organizations in the current competitive environment requires dynamism and mobility, and these organizations must turn to innovation and continuous changes for their survival and dynamism, so the purpose of this research is the relationship between organizational inertia and social laziness. It is the way of social wear among physical education teachers in Mamsani and Rostam cities. This research is applied and descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research was all the physical education teachers of Mamsani and Rostam cities in number of 87 people, of which 77 people cooperated with the researcher as a sample and using the total number sampling method. Data collection tools were standard inertial questionnaires. Gokin and Ankaran's organization (2008), Hosseini's social laziness (2008) and Duffy et al.'s (2002) social wear. Descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational inertia and social laziness through social attrition. Therefore, to reduce laziness and social wear, it is better to try to reduce organizational inertia in this organization so that the organization has better efficiency and effectiveness. Manuscript profile

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98 - Study of the raelationship between self- efficacy and self- concept with emotional well-being based on jobs in teachers of Bojnourd girls primary school
tahere rahmani behrang esmaelishad

The main purpose of this research is Study of the raelationship between self- efficacy and self- concept with emotional well-being based on jobs in teachers of Bojnourd girls primary school. The method of research is descriptive- survey and correlation type and the tool More

The main purpose of this research is Study of the raelationship between self- efficacy and self- concept with emotional well-being based on jobs in teachers of Bojnourd girls primary school. The method of research is descriptive- survey and correlation type and the tools for collecting information in this research include standard teachers’ self-efficacy questionnaire developed by tschannen- moran (2001), self- concept questionnaire developed by Dolatabadi (2007) and emotional well-being questionnaire related to Jaws job byVan Katwyk (2000) which have 24, 48 and 20 items, respectively, in which they have face and content validity; their reliability coefficients by using Cronbach’s Alpha test are equal to 0.83, 0.91 and 0.80, respectively. The considered population of this research includes all teachers in girls’ primary courses of Bojnoord City who are 260 persons. sample equal to 150 persons are determined according to the Morgan’s table. The sampling method is random stratified. structural equations by statistical applications Lisrel the results showed that According to statistical analysis, the power relationship between self-efficacy and emotional well-being of 57/0 is calculated, Self-concept and emotional well-being was measured against 0.46. 7.90 and 6.62 also obtained test statistic is greater than the critical value t at the level of 5% to 1.96 and indicates that the observed correlation is significant. So with 95% between self-efficacy and self-concept and emotional well-being of girls' primary school teachers Bojnoord-based jobs are related. Manuscript profile

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99 - Investigates relations among Philosophic Mindedness and Curriculum Ideology with Teaching Approaches of the Theory Second High School Teachers.
Mohammad javadipour Nourozali Karamdoust sohrab mohammadipouya

This study is investigates relations among philosophical mindedness and curriculum ideology with teaching approaches in teachers. The society of this study were included All teachers in second high school of theoretical branches in Nahavand city (244 persons) that final More

This study is investigates relations among philosophical mindedness and curriculum ideology with teaching approaches in teachers. The society of this study were included All teachers in second high school of theoretical branches in Nahavand city (244 persons) that finally 183 Questionnaires Collected by Census methods. Research tools include questionnaires of Philosophic Mindedness(1382), curriculum ideology (1393) and teaching approaches (2007). Questionnaires’ Validity Confirmed by Experts and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for philosophic mindedness was 0/72 and for teaching approaches was 0/85 and retest coefficients for one of curriculum ideology Dimensions was higher than 0/69. The result shows that teachers philosophical mindedness (p < 0.01, 0.63) are higher than average. The dominant ideology among them was social performance andTeacher-centered was more than Student-centeredsupported by teachers.Also results show that philosophical mindedness and Flexibilitydimensionwith Scholar academic ideology, Learner centered ideology and Social reconstruction ideology. There is a meaningful relationship between philosophical mindedness and Teacher-oriented approach (P>0.05), Also philosophical mindedness Penetration and Comprehensivenesswith Teacher-oriented teaching and student-oriented teaching approaches observed. Also positive meaningful relationship between Teacher-oriented teaching and student-oriented teaching approaches (p<0.01, r= 0.33) are other results of this study. Manuscript profile

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100 - The effect of thinking on quality of life based on religious stories student teacher University scholar teachers Neyshabour
Mohammad Hosein Rangani Ahmad Akbari Abdolah Davoodipour

Abstract The purpose of this study: The effect of thinking on quality of life based on religious stories student teacher Neyshabur University scholar teachers. This is quasi-experimental study. The present population of the study questionnaire was used in this researc More

Abstract The purpose of this study: The effect of thinking on quality of life based on religious stories student teacher Neyshabur University scholar teachers. This is quasi-experimental study. The present population of the study questionnaire was used in this research quality World Health Statistical Centre of all students in higher education Danshvar Neyshabur 94/95 is. 313 is the number of students above the classroom are organized in the form of 10 classes were selected Multi stage Sampling method 2 above statistical sample of 60 students, 30 students were divided into two groups to 26-item questionnaire responded that the quality of global health. The data will be used and spss19 software. The results show that the teaching of thinking based on the quality of life of students, teachers, religious stories are positive and meaningful relationship the two components of physical health and mental health are significant differences in terms of social relations, health and environment meaningful connection significant relationship no., at the end of the article for Life Quality improvement of student teachers on teaching thinking been proposed. Manuscript profile

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101 - The relationship between the schools structure and the high school teachers' occupational cooperation and sociability
amene jamal lyvani masumeh bagherpur

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between school structure and socialization and work participation of primary school teachers in Bandar-e-Gaz. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population also includes all More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between school structure and socialization and work participation of primary school teachers in Bandar-e-Gaz. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population also includes all 300 primary school teachers in Bandar-e-Gaz city. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 169 male and female teachers were selected by stratified sampling method. Were. Data collection tools also included the standard Robins and Evanswich organizational structure questionnaire (1998), the socialization of Billiards et al. (2005), and the work partnership of Thomas Ladahl and Kenger (1965). Pearson correlation coefficient test and stepwise regression were used using SPSS 20 software. Findings showed: There is a positive and significant relationship between formality and focus in school structure with socialization and work participation of high school teachers in Bandar-e-Gaz. There is no significant inverse relationship between the component of complexity in the school structure and the socialization and work participation of teachers. Among the components of formality and focus, they had the largest share in predicting the socialization and work participation of high school teachers. Manuscript profile

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102 - An investigation of levels and consequences of lesson-study-based empowerment teachers and test of intervening role of facilitating factors; report of a mixed-method research
Roghaieh sami Moosa Piri behname talebi

This study aimed at discovering,qualitatively, levels, consequences, and facilitating factors of lesson-study-based empowerment , and investigating, quantitatively, intervening role of facilitating factors on consequences of primary school teachers' empowerment . During More

This study aimed at discovering,qualitatively, levels, consequences, and facilitating factors of lesson-study-based empowerment , and investigating, quantitatively, intervening role of facilitating factors on consequences of primary school teachers' empowerment . During qualitative stage, using purposeful sampling strategies, related texts were extracted from upper-hand documents, bylaws, theoretical backgrounds , and interviews with participants (n=13). Then, levels, consequences, and facilitators of empowerment were detected through inductive content analysis . In quantitative stage, first, the qualitative data were turned into a questionnaire, face and content validity of which were approved based on scholarly remark. Construct validity was calculated by distributing the questionnaire among 676 teachers. Second , to determine the intervening role of facilitating factors, a standardized questionnaire was distributed among some teachers , head teachers, administrative experts and scholars participating in the qualitative phase (n=223), all being selected based on judgmental sampling. The results of structural equations modeling revealed that the effect of predictive variables (levels of empowerment and facilitators) on dependent variable (consequences) was statistically positive and significant (p≤05). Based on the GOF standard, the general fitness of the model was calculated to be strong (0.583). The intervening role of facilitators, was completely confirmed based on the results of Sobel Test (9.18). Furthermore, the results of the VAF Test showed that the intervening variable had an intermediate effect intensity in the model. Manuscript profile

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103 - The Model of Improving the job Performance of Teachers Based on Educational Justice
hossein roshan hasan shahrakipor farideh dokanehei

10.30495/educ.2022.1951696.2822

Education is considered as the pillar of development and progress of any country and the teacher has a fundamental role in this structure, and that is why improving the performance of teachers is an important issue. The current research was carried out with the aim of p More

Education is considered as the pillar of development and progress of any country and the teacher has a fundamental role in this structure, and that is why improving the performance of teachers is an important issue. The current research was carried out with the aim of providing a model to improve the level of teachers' professional performance based on educational justice. This research was carried out using a mixed quantitative and qualitative method; In the qualitative part, using the foundational data theory method and using the opinions of 14 scientific and executive experts in the field of educational management and primary education experts, the components and indicators of the identification model and the hypothetical research model have been drawn. Quantitative part was carried out in a descriptive way and in the form of a survey and using a researcher questionnaire, the required data was collected from among 200 elementary school teachers in Bojnord city as a statistical population and using the method of structural equations using software. Amos software has been analyzed. The findings of the research show that educational justice has a positive and significant effect on teachers' job performance, and the prepared model is an acceptable model. Manuscript profile

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104 - Identifying and Validating the Components of Teaching Metacognitive Skills based on Quantum Thinking to Student Teachers
Azam Karimi gholtash Qholtash Aliasghar Mashinchi

10.30495/educ.2023.1984596.2981

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and validating the components of teaching metacognitive skills based on quantum thinking to student teachers. The present research method is mixed (exploratory qualitative and survey quantitative). In the qualitati More

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and validating the components of teaching metacognitive skills based on quantum thinking to student teachers. The present research method is mixed (exploratory qualitative and survey quantitative). In the qualitative part, the researcher identified the effective components by comparative content analysis method ((review of related research in the last 15 years) and then validated them in the quantitative part. The research area of the qualitative section includes all the papers listed in reliable scientific databases such as Emerald Insight, Science Direct, Wiley Online publications ,…) which used the purposeful sampling method. The statistical population in the quantitative section included students (student teachers) of Farhangian University of Shiraz who were selected by available sampling method. The tool for collecting information in the qualitative part was to take a sample of relevant relevant articles and in the quantitative part to use a questionnaire tool. To analyze the data, systematic content analysis was used in the qualitative part and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative part with the help of SMART PLS software. The findings showed that 33 components are effective, and these components were classified into 8 dimensions. These dimensions included the use of information technology, interaction with scientific centers, evaluation methods, macro policy, metacognitive curriculum content and quantum thinking, teaching and learning processes, psychological foundations, and characteristics of adopters. Manuscript profile

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105 - The relationship between managers’ managarial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools in Mashhad
mohammadreza ahanchiyan vajhiyeh zohourparvandeh

The present study investigates the relationship between managers’ managerial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools in Mashhad. To do this, two independent samples were studied. To measure the managers’ managerial knowledge More

The present study investigates the relationship between managers’ managerial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools in Mashhad. To do this, two independent samples were studied. To measure the managers’ managerial knowledge, of among the population, a sample of 40 was selected. To measure the organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools, of the population of teachers, a sample of 200 was selected. The present research is of survey type, and three questionnaire were used to measure each variable. The results show that there is not a significant relationship between managers’ managerial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools. Manuscript profile

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106 - Surveying the awareness Level of elementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing a good pattern for promoting their awareness Level on education principles in kurdestan Province.
فردین Abdilahi علی SHariatmadari عزت االله Naderi

The current study aims to Surveying the awareness Level ofelementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing agood pattern for promoting their awareness Level on educationprinciples in kurdestan Province .The research method employed inthis study in fie More

The current study aims to Surveying the awareness Level ofelementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing agood pattern for promoting their awareness Level on educationprinciples in kurdestan Province .The research method employed inthis study in field research and the statistical population includes allthe teachers who have been teaching in the elementary schools of theKurdistan province in the academic year of 2009 – 2010. Thestatistical sample consists of 370 teachers who have been collectedthrough multi-stage and random clustering sampling. In the currentstudy, the data are collected through a questionnaire (comprised of 40four-choice questions). The data are analyzed at two levels:descriptive level (by frequency distribution tables, frequencypercentage, mean, etc.) and analytical level (through q-square, Z and Ttests).The most prominent findings of the research indicate that thelevel of elementary school teachers' cognizance of educationalprinciples is lower than average and there is no meaningful differencebetween the scores in terms of gender variable, but a meaningfuldifference is observed between the scores in terms of academicdegree, service record and major of study. Manuscript profile

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107 - A Comparison of Professional Knowledge between Expert and Novice Iranian EFL Teachers at Iranian Language Institutes and Universities
Mahbubeh Yazdanpanah Rahman Sahragard

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108 - Investigating the Relationship between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Self-Concept, Personality Traits and Teaching Styles
Mitra Zeraatpishe Elahe Mirhashemi Khalil Motallebzadeh

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109 - The Role of Gender, Teaching experience, and academic degree in Iranian EFL Teachers' Burnout
Davood Mashhadi Heidar Hossein Safarpour

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110 - Analyzing the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and providing a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-corona combined education
Behrang Esmaeili shad

The purpose of the current research was to analyze the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and provide a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-Corona combined education. In terms of purpose, the research was applied, and in term More

The purpose of the current research was to analyze the lived experiences of teachers during the Corona era and provide a practical model for implementing the evaluation process in post-Corona combined education. In terms of purpose, the research was applied, and in terms of method, it was a qualitative study that was conducted in a phenomenological way. The statistical population included all the teachers of the first secondary schools of North Khorasan province, numbering 1478 people. In the current research, a purposeful snowball sampling method was used, and 20 people were selected as a statistical sample. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using the Coley method. According to the results of the research, the opportunities of virtual education from the teachers' point of view are: teacher-oriented opportunities (improving media literacy and information knowledge, eliminating expensive traffic, teachers' efforts to make the teaching environment attractive and stimulating, raising the Manuscript profile

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111 - The opportunities and threats caused by information technology in promoting reading culture from the perspective of student teachers
setareh Mousavi

In recent years, reading has taken steps backwards against the expansion of the functions of technologies, so the purpose of the present study is to investigate the opportunities and threats caused by information technology in promoting the culture of reading from the p More

In recent years, reading has taken steps backwards against the expansion of the functions of technologies, so the purpose of the present study is to investigate the opportunities and threats caused by information technology in promoting the culture of reading from the perspective of student teachers of Farhangian University of Isfahan. The research method is descriptive, the statistical population includes students and teachers of Farhangian University of Isfahan. Using stratified random sampling method, 342 of them were selected as a sample. The measurement tool, a researcher-made questionnaire, included 46 questions based on a 5-point Likert scale, which measured opportunities and threats in three cognitive, emotional and behavioral areas of reading. The analysis of data showed that the most important cognitive opportunities of technologies are: diversifying educational and leisure-oriented activities, in the emotional field: the desire for appropriate content creation and separation of subjects, and in the behavioral field: diversifying students' free time. The most important threats are in the cognitive field: the weakening of understanding and memorization, in the emotional field: the reduction of thinking and pondering on issues and following unreliable sources in the media, and in the behavioral field, creating an environment of separation from the original teachings of books. Manuscript profile

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112 - The effect of problem solving skills training on self-efficacy and resiliency of preschool teachers of Tehran city
Zahra Mahmoudi Vesali Ghodsi Ahghar Morteza Samie Zafarghandi

  The present study is a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study with a control group and has a follow-up stage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving skills training on self-efficacy and resilience of preschool teach More

  The present study is a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study with a control group and has a follow-up stage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of problem solving skills training on self-efficacy and resilience of preschool teachers. The statistical population included preschool teachers in Tehran in 2019. A total of 40 preschool teachers who were purposefully selected as a sample and replaced in the experimental and control groups. For data collection, Bandura self-efficacy (2000) and connor & Davidson resilience (2007) questionnaires were used. In the pre-test stage, both groups (experimental and control completed the mentioned questionnaires. Then, the members of the experimental group were trained in problem-solving skills for 8 sessions of 2 hours, and after the end of the training course, the post-test was performed on the instructors of both groups. In order to analysis the data and examine the research question were used Univariate analysis of covariance and paired t-test. The results showed that training in problem solving skills has increased the self-efficacy and resilience of trainers. Also, the self-efficacy and resilience of coaches have a good stability over time. Manuscript profile

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113 - The relationship between professional ethics and the quality of teaching in primary school teachers
Peyman Noormohammadi Faranak Mosavi

  The research was conducted with the aim of identifying the relationship between professional ethics and teaching quality of primary teachers. The statistical population includes all male and female primary school teachers in Hamil city. The study sample was selec More

  The research was conducted with the aim of identifying the relationship between professional ethics and teaching quality of primary teachers. The statistical population includes all male and female primary school teachers in Hamil city. The study sample was selected using a multi-stage random sampling method. The research tool includes two questionnaires: a) the professional ethics questionnaire of primary teachers, b) the teaching quality questionnaire of primary teachers. Data analysis was done using simple correlation method and SPSS software. The findings of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between professional ethics and teaching quality of elementary teachers in Hamil city. Among the other findings of this research, it can be mentioned that the variable of teaching quality can be predicted by the sum of the independent variables considered in this research, that is, the quality of teaching through responsibility, honesty, justice and fairness, loyalty, sympathy with others and compliance and respect. It is predictable according to social values and norms. In other words, it can be acknowledged that teachers who have different dimensions of professional ethics, their teaching quality is more predictable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

114 - The Relation and Comparison Between Attitude To Inclusion and Self efficacy Among Special and Regular Education Teachers with Students of Autism Spectrum Disorder
َAَbbasali Taghipour javan gholam ali afrooz saeed Hasanzade Masoud Lavasani

   The research was conducted with the aim of comparing the attitude and self-efficacy of special and regular teachers with students with autism spectrum disorder. The research method was comparative. The research population included all special education teac More

   The research was conducted with the aim of comparing the attitude and self-efficacy of special and regular teachers with students with autism spectrum disorder. The research method was comparative. The research population included all special education teachers and regular education teachers with autistic students in the academic year 2017-2018 in Mazandaran province. The target sample was 30 teachers, 15 teachers were randomly selected from among the exceptional schools in the province and 15 teachers were randomly selected and evaluated from the regular education teachers with autistic students. The instrument used was Saeedi Vesalimanundi's Inclusive Education Attitude Survey Questionnaire (2005) and Teacher Self-Efficacy by Schanen, Moran and Woolfolk (2001). The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and independent T-statistics and correlation coefficient. The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the attitude and self-efficacy of regular education teachers and special education teachers in the inclusion of autistic students, and special education teachers have better attitudes and self-efficacy than regular teachers in different dimensions. Also, there is a relationship between teachers' attitude and self-efficacy in the inclusion of autistic students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

115 - The effect of emotion management training on ineffective attitudes and burnout of teachers
Faranak Mosavi ali malak zadh marzban adibmanesh

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotion management training on teachers' ineffective attitudes and job burnout. The method of this research is semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population in this r More

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotion management training on teachers' ineffective attitudes and job burnout. The method of this research is semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population in this research was all the teachers of primary schools in Kermanshah city in 1402. Among the primary school teachers, 30 people were divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) using the available sampling method. ) were chosen. The tools used in this research were Jung's Ineffective Attitudes Questionnaire (1990) and Meslash's Job Burnout Questionnaire (1981). The results of the research showed that emotion management training has reduced the ineffective attitudes of the experimental group teachers compared to the average of the control group. The effect of ineffective attitudes in the field of disconnection and rejection is equal to 0.46, ineffective attitudes in the field of impaired self-management is equal to 0.38, ineffective attitudes in the field of impaired limitation is equal to 0.45, ineffective attitudes in the field of other-orientation Equal to 0.33, ineffective attitudes in the field of eavesdropping is equal to 0.41. Also, the emotion management training, according to the average burnout of the teachers of the experimental group in the post-test compared to the average of couples in the control group, has reduced the burnout of the experimental group. The effect of job burnout was 0.39. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - Comparative Investigation the Effectiveness of Researcher Teachers with Other Teachers in Guilan Province Education
Esmaiel Kazempour Solieman Kabini Moghadam

       This research following the comparative investigation the effectiveness of research teachers with Non researcher of guilan province 89-90. Research method was causative comparative and its order was expressive to gain- this aim of 22 More

       This research following the comparative investigation the effectiveness of research teachers with Non researcher of guilan province 89-90. Research method was causative comparative and its order was expressive to gain- this aim of 22128 statistical society of the teachers, have selected 449 (118 researcher teachers & 331 non-researcher) in a research that were selected of sampling method as of complete count (for researchers) and randomly ctassificat (for non researchers) as sample population. Gathering the respective data of researcher questioner made of to speech in degree likrt range. Narrative formal was based on the exports of instruction science and its debit using kronbakh alpha efficient 0/87 to statistical analysis understanding level was used of t test with two independent samples. Results of statistical test showed that in error level of 5% about the first hypothesis (gain to faith aims) second (gain to ethic aims), fifth (gain to social aims), sixth (gain to bio wins), seventh (gain to political aims), eighth (gain to economic aim), between the effectiveness of the researcher & non researcher teachers there was a meaningful difference. Bat there was not the meaningful difference between the effectiveness of researcher & non researcher teachers about the thirth hypothesis (gain to education – science aims) & forth (gain to culture – art aim). Manuscript profile

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117 - The Comparative Study of Tuition and Official Teachers performance in Guilan Province Education
Mohammed Dostar Soleyman Kabini Mogaddam

     This study aimed to conduct a comparative study of tuition and official teachers’ performance in Guilan province education. The method used in this descriptive study was causal-comparative. The population of the study consisted of 2763 tui More

     This study aimed to conduct a comparative study of tuition and official teachers’ performance in Guilan province education. The method used in this descriptive study was causal-comparative. The population of the study consisted of 2763 tuition teachers and 19075 official teachers who empleyd in the city schools and in the department of education of guilan in the academic year of 88-89. Random and cluster sampling methods were selected in the study using Morgan formula: the number of tuition teachers was 121 and the number of official teachers was 257. To collect the data, presumptive researcher questionnare with 58 questions in spectrum of 6 degrees of Likert was used. The reliability of the instrument was estimated using the Cronbakh alpha as to be 0.82. At the level of significance of 0.05, the results showed that there was a significant difference regarding the first hypothesis (educatioal affairs), the second (classroom technique) , the seventh (collaboration with performance tesm of school) and the eighth hypothesis (cooperation in meetings) between tuition teachers and official teachers. However, about the third (education affairs), the fourth (examination of educational status), the fifth (exams) and the sixth (body-mental hygiene of students) hypotheses, there was no meaningful differnce between tuition teachers and official teachers. Also based on nineth hypothesis that there is difference in average grades between tuition and official teachers. Thus, students with official teachers had better grades that students with tution teachers.     Manuscript profile

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118 - The Relationship between Dimensions of Philosophical Mindedness and Teaching Methods in High School Teachers
Ali Hosseini Mehr Fariba Emami

The purpose of the present research was to investigation of the relationship between dimensions of philosophical mindedness and teaching methods in high school teachers. Method study was correlation.  Statistical community was all s high school teacher from of mana More

The purpose of the present research was to investigation of the relationship between dimensions of philosophical mindedness and teaching methods in high school teachers. Method study was correlation.  Statistical community was all s high school teacher from of management education district 2 Qazvin city. Sample includes 115 teacher that have been chosen via random sampling method. Assessment instruments were the researcher made questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient, Stepwise multiple regression and Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Finding demonstrated that there is negative significant relationship between flexibility and traditional teaching methods. Also there is positive significant relationship between comprehensiveness and penetration with modern teaching methods. Stepwise regression analysis showed that flexibility could explain %14 of variance in traditional teaching methods and comprehensiveness and penetration, could explain %23 of variance in modern teaching methods. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that is not significantly different between dimensions of philosophical mindedness and teaching methods in high school teachers. Manuscript profile

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119 - Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schools
Gholam Hoseyn Ansar Momeni Manizheh Zakariyaie Leyla Ghobadi Lamoki

Occupational burnout problem in working many of human services is visible as chafe tiredly, Personality astray and personal UN successfully. This research was Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schoo More

Occupational burnout problem in working many of human services is visible as chafe tiredly, Personality astray and personal UN successfully. This research was Study the factors associated with the female teacher’s occupational burnout in Qaemshahrs secondary schools. This is a descriptive and sectional research and it was integeration in 1391 that 152 people of female teachers of high school of Qaemshahr are selected in it by the way of beard-accidentally sampling. Indigent in formation was collected by Maslach standard questionary and it is used of piersoun integeration test, T test and Anova for statistically analyzing. Based on this study, most of teachers suffer from slight occupational burnout, but based on the result of this research there are people that have average to violent occupational burnout.So, it is recommended to the answerables that perform needed performance for regulation and prophylaxis from this operations. Manuscript profile

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120 - The Relationship between Dimensions of Philosophical Mindedness and Teaching Methods in High School Teachers
Ali Hosseini Mehr Fariba Emami

The purpose of the present research was to investigation of the relationship between dimensions of  philosophical mindedness  and  teaching methods in high school teachers . Method  study was correlation. statistical community was all s high school t More

The purpose of the present research was to investigation of the relationship between dimensions of  philosophical mindedness  and  teaching methods in high school teachers . Method  study was correlation. statistical community was all s high school teacher from of management education district 2 Qazvin city. sample includes 115 teacher that have been chosen  via  random sampling method. Assessment instruments were the The researcher made questionnaire. Data was analyzed by using Pearson  correlation coefficient , Stepwise  multiple regression and Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Finding demonstrated that there is negative significant relationship between flexibility and traditional teaching methods. also there is positive significant relationship between comprehensiveness and penetration with modern teaching methods. Stepwise regression analysis showed that flexibility could explain %14 of variance in traditional teaching methods and comprehensiveness and penetration , could explain %23 of variance in modern teaching methods. Multivariate analysis of variance showed that is not significantly different between dimensions of philosophical mindedness and teaching methods in high school teachers. Manuscript profile

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121 - The Comparison of the Present and Ideal Status of Experienced and Inexperienced Teachers’ Participation in the Process of Curriculum Development
Esmaeil Kazempour Farideh Haghparast Fereshteh Hedayati

The main purpose of this study was to compare the present and the ideal status of teachers’ participation in the process of curriculum development (planning, implementation and evaluation) among Rasht experienced and inexperienced teachers. As for the population o More

The main purpose of this study was to compare the present and the ideal status of teachers’ participation in the process of curriculum development (planning, implementation and evaluation) among Rasht experienced and inexperienced teachers. As for the population of the study, all Rasht teachers including 3899 experienced teachers (above 15 years) and 259 inexperienced ones (below 5 years) in different levels of education considering two educational districts were included. Based on stratified random sampling and based to Morgan’s table, 351 experienced teachers with more than 15 years of experience as well as 139 inexperienced teachers with less than 5 years of experience were selected. The coefficient (Cronbach Alpha) was used to calculate the reliability. By applying a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of content was obtained using the Delphi method. The findings from the One-Way ANOVA showed that there was a significant relationship between the means of the experienced and the inexperienced teachers’ marks in the process of curriculum development (planning, implementation and evaluation) between present and ideal conditions of teachers’ participation at the level. Moreover, the means of the experienced and inexperienced teachers’ marks in this process of participation, in comparison to the ideal condition of participation, was higher than the present status of participation. Manuscript profile

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122 - The Prediction of Grit Based on God Attachment, Life hope, and Happiness in retired women teachers in khominishar city
Elham Rezaei Fatemeh Javadzadeh

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1917302.1521

The aim of this study was to predict Grit  based on attachment to God, life expectancy and happiness in retired female educators of Khomeini Shahr city. The research method was correlational type of prediction and the statistical population included all retired fem More

The aim of this study was to predict Grit  based on attachment to God, life expectancy and happiness in retired female educators of Khomeini Shahr city. The research method was correlational type of prediction and the statistical population included all retired female educators in Khomeini Shahr in 2020, whose number was 167 people. Using Morgan table, the sample size was estimated to be 113 people according to the statistical population. Finally, the sample size was reduced to 100 people, including statistical loss. Data collection tools included the Grit Questionnaire's Duckworth (2007), the Attachment to God Beck and McDonald's Questionnaire (2004), the Snyder's Life Hope Questionnaire (1991), and the Argyle, Martin, & Croesland's Oxford Questionnaire (1989) Happiness Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression) using spss-22 software. The results showed that attachment to God (β = 0.49), happiness (β = 0.23) and life expectancy (β = 0.42) respectively, were 47/5% able to predict the Grit of retired female educators. The results also showed that Sub-component of attachment to God, relationship with God, trust and attention to God, 34/2% were able to predict Grit And Sub-component of life expectancy, factor thinking, and strategic thinking accounted for 37/9% percent of the ability to predict Grit at the significance level of p≤0.01. Manuscript profile

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123 - Investigating the Relationship between Talent Management and Improving the Job Performance of Male and Female Physical Education Teachers in East Azerbaijan Province.
Jaleh Sarbazvatan Mohamdrahim Najafzadeh Hamid Janani jafar. Barghimogadam.

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1938666.1601

The purpose of this study wasTo investigate th the relationship between Talent Management and Improving the Job Performance of Male and Female Physical Education Teachers in East Azerbaijan Province. The present research had a practical purpose, and in terms of method w More

The purpose of this study wasTo investigate th the relationship between Talent Management and Improving the Job Performance of Male and Female Physical Education Teachers in East Azerbaijan Province. The present research had a practical purpose, and in terms of method was correlational. The statistical population included all physical educational teachers of East- Azerbaijan province (1312 teachers) who were working during 2020-2021 in this administration. Among them 298 teachers were selected randomly through Krejcie and Morgan table as the sample. The research instruments were talent management questionnaire of Ahmadi et al (2013) and professional performance questionnaire of Byern et al (2005) and Konovy (1999). The data was analyzed in descriptive and analytic levels through Spss and Amos softwares, which central and dispersion indexes were used for descriptive level and multiple regression and structural equations were used for analytical level. The results showed that talent management (talent acquisition, talent assessment and discovery, talent development and training and talent retention) has a positive and significant role in the the job performance of physical education teachers in East Azerbaijan province (p <0/05). 38% of the variance in teachers' job performance is explained by the variables of talent acquisition, talent evaluation and discovery, talent development and training, and talent retention. Manuscript profile

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124 - Study of the relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance of physical education teachers in East Azerbaijan province from the perspective of sociology of education.
Jaleh Sarbazvatan Mohamdrahim Najafzadeh Hamid Janani Jafar Bargmogadam

10.30495/jss.2021.1941228.1380

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of emotional intelligence on job performance of physical education teachers in East Azerbaijan province. The research method was applied based on the purpose and in terms of survey method, which was conducted in the fi More

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of emotional intelligence on job performance of physical education teachers in East Azerbaijan province. The research method was applied based on the purpose and in terms of survey method, which was conducted in the field. The statistical population was all physical education teachers in East Azerbaijan province (1312 people) and the sample size was 298 people based on Morgan table. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster random. Data collection tools were Bradbury and Graves (2004) Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Byrne et al. (2005) and Conway (1999) Job Performance Questionnaire which were distributed among the subjects after validation.The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and job performance (p <0.05, r = 0.69). There is a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and task performance and contextual performance (p <0.05). There is also a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence components (self-awareness, self-management, social awareness and relationship management) and job performance (p <0.05).  Manuscript profile

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125 - Providing a model for mentoring new teachers in the country's educational system based on the data theory of the foundation from the perspective of sociology of education
Parvaneh Niroomand jafar ghahramani Abolfazl Gasemzadeh Alishahi

10.30495/jss.2022.1950754.1424

There are different types of employee training, all of which are done to improve the level of knowledge, awareness, technical, professional and job skills, as well as to create desirable behavior in the employees of an organization. The aim of this study was to provide More

There are different types of employee training, all of which are done to improve the level of knowledge, awareness, technical, professional and job skills, as well as to create desirable behavior in the employees of an organization. The aim of this study was to provide a suitable model for mentoring new teachers in the country's educational system in the form of a systematic model and using the data theory of the foundation. In this study, a combined method was used to collect data. The statistical population consisted of a number of specialists in the field of educational management, experienced teachers and specialists in the field of education, and in the quantitative part, new teachers. Sampling was performed in a targeted manner. The main tool for data collection was a researcher-made quantitative part of the questionnaire. In the qualitative part of the research, semi-structured interviews with theoretical saturation were used and the findings were analyzed by MAX-QDA software (18) and finally a paradigm model of mentoring new teachers was designed. Based on the findings, mentoring has individual, organizational and extra-organizational dimensions. According to the obtained results, causal conditions, central categories, context, strategies, intervention conditions and consequences of mentoring new teachers were extracted using the data theory theory of the foundation.Conflict of interest: According to the authors, the article did not have any conflict of interest. Manuscript profile

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126 - The structural model of psycho-cultural empowerment of women (case study of female teachers in Tehran)
Elaheh Shokrolahehbabaee Ataala Abtahi ghodsi Ahghar Abbasali Ghayoumi Aliakbar Rezaee

10.30495/jss.2022.1967474.1494

Empowerment of female teachers is one of the central issues in education that has a mutual impact on teachers on the one hand and students on the other, however, the present article in order to achieve this goal among female teachers in Tehran using The structural equat More

Empowerment of female teachers is one of the central issues in education that has a mutual impact on teachers on the one hand and students on the other, however, the present article in order to achieve this goal among female teachers in Tehran using The structural equation model examines the factors affecting the empowerment of women teachers and its consequences using relevant theories. The statistical population of the study included all first grade high school teachers in Tehran in the academic year 1401-1400, of which a sample size of 300 people was estimated using stratified random sampling using Morgan table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on a 5-item scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed in terms of form and content by several experts, the validity was confirmed by calculating the slope and the validity was confirmed by calculating the square root of the AVE. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.86 through Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Cronbach's alpha, tangent (AVE) tests, AVE root matrix, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and confirmatory factor analysis using smartpls3 software. The research results showed; Factors; Organizational culture, organizational structure, organizational monitoring system, organizational reward system, organizational management systems have an important role in women's psycho-cultural empowerment, as well as promoting women's empowerment in three dimensions: interpersonal empowerment, managerial and leadership empowerment and the ability to create events. Manuscript profile

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127 - Investigation the relationship between social trust and lifestyle among the female teachers 4th Education district in Tabriz
Nadia Naeimi Davood Ebrahimpoor

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social trust and teachers’ lifestyle in Tabriz 4th education district. The research method is survey. The study population consisted of all female teachers in Tabriz 4th education district in 95-94 More

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social trust and teachers’ lifestyle in Tabriz 4th education district. The research method is survey. The study population consisted of all female teachers in Tabriz 4th education district in 95-94 educational year (300 teachers). The sample size determined by Cochran formula was 168 and the sampling method used to find respondents was stratified random sampling method. To measure the research variables, a questionnaire in a Likert scale was used. According to the research findings obtained from analysis of variance, there is a significant difference between teachers’ interpersonal trust, institutional trust, generalized trust, and civic trust in terms of different life styles. Also, there is a significant difference between teachers’ social trust in terms of age, residence and education.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - A study of relation between cultural capital and the rate of social participation among Female teachers of Miandoab
Goshan Rostami Hussein Banifatemeh Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relation between cultural capital and social participation of Female teachers in Miandoab city. The statistical population included 1500 female teachers. Using a stratified random sampling method, they were classif More

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relation between cultural capital and social participation of Female teachers in Miandoab city. The statistical population included 1500 female teachers. Using a stratified random sampling method, they were classified to primary, guidance and high school proportionally. By using the researcher-made questionnaire technique, required data were collected. By using computer soft wares (SPSS) the data was set out and analyzed and the results are as follows: According to data the social participation was high and the amount of cultural capital is average also, the contribution of both embodied and objectified aspects is average but the institutional cultural capital is below average. Thus, there is a straight and meaningful relationship between both social participation and cultural capital variables.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

129 - Examining the non-native teachers’ problems in Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching
Hussein Muhammadzadeh Kamali Samad Sabagh

This study investigated the problems of non-native teachers of Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching and also to seek out ways to improve the quality of teaching. Statistical community is made up of all teachers in this area among who More

This study investigated the problems of non-native teachers of Tykmehdash and the effects of those problems on the quality of teaching and also to seek out ways to improve the quality of teaching. Statistical community is made up of all teachers in this area among whom 125 teachers were chosen as the sample of the study (according to Cochran formula) using stratified sampling method. The study is descriptive and correlational and the measurement tool is a questionnaire that its validity and reliability measured through content validity and Cronbach's alpha respectively. The results showed that, the overall quality of teaching of native and non-native teachers is moderate. Also, there is a meaningful relationship between the quality of teaching and teachers' job satisfaction and collective values. A reverse correlation was found between social alienation and years of teaching. To measure the teaching quality in terms of gender, education and transportation resources in native and non-native teachers, two-way analysis of variance was used. The results indicated that, the opposite effect of gender and two types of teachers is significant, but the opposite effect of teachers’ certificates and transportation facilities and two types of teachers is not significant. Manuscript profile

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130 - The study of the rate of social health among primary school teachers in Ardabil and social factors associated to it
Mohammad Zali Arallou mohsen alaei

The aim of this study was to evaluate social factors associated with social health of teachers. The goal of this study was applied and the research method was descriptive and correlation one; so in terms of data collection method it is a survey research method. The popu More

The aim of this study was to evaluate social factors associated with social health of teachers. The goal of this study was applied and the research method was descriptive and correlation one; so in terms of data collection method it is a survey research method. The population of all primary school teachers in the city of Ardabil was 1975 people and according to Cochran formula for infinite population, the sample size was estimated 321 people. The sampling method was simple random. Both standard and self-made questionnaire were used for collecting data. Social health questionnaire (Keyes) and social factors associated with public health (self-made) in which the Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained 0/776 and 0/834 respectively that were indicative of the reliability of questions. To summarize the data, the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation …) was used and also inferential statistics was used for examining the relationship between variables (the Pearson correlation coefficient, as well as analysis of variance and independent T-test). The results indicated that, there is a significant difference between social health of teachers. And also there is a significant relationship between variables of social alienation, social trust, social commitment, responsibility, sense of security in the urban environment and social health of teachers, but there is no significant relation between age, number of children, income and social health of teachers. Also there is no significant difference between gender and social health of teachers. On the other hand, there is a significant difference between social health of teachers in terms of education. Manuscript profile

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131 - A Comparative Study of the Relationship between Teacher's Social Capital and Their Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment among the Employed and Hired Teachers of Maragheh during the Academic Year 1388-89.
Siroos Fakhraie Mehdi Asadi

The aim of this research is to make a comparative investigation on the relationship between social capital and job satisfaction and operational commitment of employed and hired teachers. Social capital, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment are of great im More

The aim of this research is to make a comparative investigation on the relationship between social capital and job satisfaction and operational commitment of employed and hired teachers. Social capital, and job satisfaction and organizational commitment are of great importance in development and social welfare. The study is of survey type and the research instrument is a questionnaire. The statistical population consists of 250 employed and hired teachers of Maragheh during the academic during the academic year 1388-89 by simple and stratified random sampling. The independent variable of the research is social capital and its dimensions, and the dependent variables are job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The obtained results shows a significant difference between the mentioned variables. Manuscript profile

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132 - ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای مدرسان تازه کار زبان انگلیسی در آموزش الکترونیکی از طریق بکارگیری راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین
راضیه فلاح عزیزه چالاک حسین حیدری تبریزی

10.30495/jal.2023.1988919.1499

اگرچه تحثیثات زیادی بر روی موانع موجود بر سر راه مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در توسعه و ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای در محیط های آموزشی حضوری و مجازی انجام شده است، مجموعه محدودی از راهکارهای عملی موثر برای بهبود این فرآیند در آموزش الکترونیکی در اختیار مدرسان زبان انگلیسی &ndas More

اگرچه تحثیثات زیادی بر روی موانع موجود بر سر راه مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در توسعه و ارتقا شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای در محیط های آموزشی حضوری و مجازی انجام شده است، مجموعه محدودی از راهکارهای عملی موثر برای بهبود این فرآیند در آموزش الکترونیکی در اختیار مدرسان زبان انگلیسی –به ویژه مدرسان تازه کار— قرار دارد؛ مخصوصا که در پی همه گیری کووید-19 اولویت های آموزشی اساسا تغییر کرد. از این رو، هدف از تحقیق حاضر عبارت است از مطالعه شکل گیری هویت حرفه ای مدرسان تازه کار زبان انگلیسی، بررسی تاثیر احتمالی راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین در این فرآیند و تعیین راهکارهایی است که بیشتر ترجیح داده می شوند. از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس، 184 مدرس مرد و زن تازه کار زبان انگلیسی جهت شرکت در مطالعه شبه تجربی انتخاب شدند. در تحقیق حاضر، از دو ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده از طریق پلتفورم مجازی پلنت استفاده شد: پرسشنامه هویت حرفه ای ادراکی و مصاحبه آنلاین کمّی. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نیز از آمار توصیفی و آزمون تی مستقل استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق تایید کرد که مدرسان تازه کار ایرانی زبان انگلیسی از هویت حرفه ای پایینی برخوردارند و تاثیر گذاری تعیین کننده راهکارهای مدیریت عکس آنلاین در این فرآیند نیز ثابت شد. همچنین نتایج راهکارها و شیوه های تفکر مطلوب این دسته از مدرسان را در افزایش دانش دیجیتال مشخص کرد. Manuscript profile

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133 - دیدگاه ها و نگرانیهای معلمان در پیاده سازی کتاب جدید انگلیسی سال اول دوره متوسطه اول در مدارس دولتی ایران
مرضیه اسدی غلام رضا کیانی

تغییر کتاب درسی زبان انگلیسی سال اول دوره متوسطه اول در مدارس دولتی ایران بعد از 27 سال انگیزه محققان را برای ارزشیابی کتاب درسی جدید به منظور آگاهی از نقاط ضعف و قوت آن برانگیخت. در راستای این روند، این مطالعه با هدف ارزشیابی کتاب درسی جدید (پراسپکت 1) از دیدگاه معلمان More

تغییر کتاب درسی زبان انگلیسی سال اول دوره متوسطه اول در مدارس دولتی ایران بعد از 27 سال انگیزه محققان را برای ارزشیابی کتاب درسی جدید به منظور آگاهی از نقاط ضعف و قوت آن برانگیخت. در راستای این روند، این مطالعه با هدف ارزشیابی کتاب درسی جدید (پراسپکت 1) از دیدگاه معلمان انجام شد. برای دستیابی به این هدف، ،با 30 نفر از معلمان زبان انگلیسی سال اول دوره متوسطه اول مصاحبه به عمل آمد و داده ها توسط روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر معلمان، برخی از مشکلات کتاب درسی جدید  استفاده از روش نامناسب آموزش الفبا، بومی سازی بیش ازحد محتوا، توجه بیش از حد به مهارتهای ارتباطی، نادیده گرفتن توسعه توانش بین فرهنگی در دانش آموزان، و عدم واقعی بودن در ارائه محتوا  بودند. در نهایت به عنوان چهره های محوری در فرآیند تغییر آموزش، معلمان برای اصلاح کتاب جدید به امید این که صدایشان توسط مسولان مربوط شنیده شود پیشنهادهایی ارائه دادند. Manuscript profile

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134 - عقاید مدرسان با تجربه و تازه کار در مورد استقلال یادگیرنده
سمیرا بشیری نسرین حدیدی تمجید زهره سیفوری

استقلال یادگیرنده به عنوان هدف نهایی در تبیین برنامه های آموزشی در بسیاری اززبانها از دهه سوم قرن بیستم معرفی شده است؛ و مدرسان به تاثیربرجسته نقش ارتقا استقلال یادگیرنده در فرایند آموزش و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی تاکید دارند. با این وجود، تعداد بسیار محدودی از مطالعات انجا More

استقلال یادگیرنده به عنوان هدف نهایی در تبیین برنامه های آموزشی در بسیاری اززبانها از دهه سوم قرن بیستم معرفی شده است؛ و مدرسان به تاثیربرجسته نقش ارتقا استقلال یادگیرنده در فرایند آموزش و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی تاکید دارند. با این وجود، تعداد بسیار محدودی از مطالعات انجام گرفته در این حوزه به بررسی معنا و مفهوم استقلال یادگیرنده از دیدگاه مدرسان پرداخته اند. مطالعه حاضر به بررسی این مفهوم و عقاید مدرسان تازه کار و با تجربه درمورد استقلال یادگیرنده پرداخته است. تعداد 40 نفر از مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در دو گروه تازه کار و باتجربه و براساس سابقه تدریسشان در این مطالعه شرکت داشتند. یک پرسشنامه  که از شورای آموزشی بریتانیا اقتباس شده، استفاده شد تا میزان اعتقاد مدرسان به استقلال یادگیرنده مورد سنجش قرار بگیرد. نتایج حاصل از بررسی داده ها نشان داد که تفاوت معنی داری بین عقاید مدرسان تازه کار و باتجربه در مورد استقلال یادگیرنده وجود دارد. یاقته های مطالعه حاضر می تواند برای مدرسان در به کارگیری و ارتقا استقلال یادگیرنده در کلاسهایشان بطور کلی و در درگیر نمودن زبان آموزان در فرایند آموزش و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به صورت ویژه مورد استفاده قرارگیرد. Manuscript profile

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135 - بررسی ادراک معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی از آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی
مصطفی غفّاری داوود کوهی مرتضی اصل رسولی

10.30495/jal.2022.694408

این پژوهش تلاشی برای بررسی ادراک معلمان ایرانی دوره متوسطه از آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی بود (CCA). شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 307 نفر از معلمان دبیرستان های مختلف شهر قزوین بودند. تمامی شرکت کنندگان پرسشنامه آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی را تکمیل کردند. سپس داده‌ها وارد نرم‌افزار SPSS More

این پژوهش تلاشی برای بررسی ادراک معلمان ایرانی دوره متوسطه از آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی بود (CCA). شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 307 نفر از معلمان دبیرستان های مختلف شهر قزوین بودند. تمامی شرکت کنندگان پرسشنامه آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی را تکمیل کردند. سپس داده‌ها وارد نرم‌افزار SPSS شده و تحت آنالیز مؤلفه‌های اصلی قرار گرفتند. سه عامل استخراج و به‌ عنوان آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی در برنامه‌های آموزش زبان انگلیسی ، آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی در مواد و کتاب‌های درسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی و آگاهی فرهنگی انتقادی در اصطلاح عمومی نام‌گذاری شدند که پاسخ های شرکت کنندگان بر اساس عوامل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که ادراک آگاهی انتقادی معلمان نسبت به کتب درسی و مواد آموزشی زبان انگلیسی بالاترین عامل است. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل گویه‌ها نشان داد که معلمان نشان می‌دهند که همه فرهنگ‌ها باید در کتاب‌ها و مواد آموزشی زبان انگلیسی از وضعیت یکسانی برخوردار باشند. نتیجه گیری شد که آگاهی فرهنگی معلمان در خصوص ادغام فرهنگ با جریان اصلی تدریس باید افزایش یابد و در کلاس های خود به فرهنگ توجه بیشتری داشته باشند. یکی از کاربردهای مهم برای زبان انگلیسی به عنوان معلمان یادگیری زبان خارجی و همچنین طراحان برنامه درسی این است که یک برنامه درسی بین فرهنگی می تواند زبان آموزان را قادر سازد تا درک بهتری از مطالب مورد نظر داشته باشند. Manuscript profile

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136 - به دنبال توانمندی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در فضای انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان انگلیسی ایران
موسی رضا بنفشه محدثه خسروی Mavadat Saidi

به دنبال دانش  ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در بافت  انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی جهانی شدن باعث افزایش  ارتباط میان افرادی با پیش زمینه های زبانی و فرهنگی بسیار شده است (بایرم، 2008) و در نتیجه اخیرا، نقش مهم فرهنگ در آموزش زبان خا More

به دنبال دانش  ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در بافت  انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی جهانی شدن باعث افزایش  ارتباط میان افرادی با پیش زمینه های زبانی و فرهنگی بسیار شده است (بایرم، 2008) و در نتیجه اخیرا، نقش مهم فرهنگ در آموزش زبان خارجی پررنگ تر از پیش شده است (فیپز و گنزالز، 2004). در نتیجه، دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی به عنوان رکنی مهم در یادگیری و آموزش زبان مطرح شده است (بایرم و زاراته، 1997). البته، این دانش به عنوان نتیجه ی ضمنی خودبخود آموزش زبان خارجی تلقی می شود (میر، 1991) و به نظر می رسد معلمان نقشی مهم در آموزش بین فرهنگی دارند که این نقش در محیطهای انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی حائز اهمیت بیشتری است (هن و سانگ، 2011). مطالعه ی حاضر در تلاش است ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی را در مورد توانمندی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در حال حاضر بررسی نماید. همچنین در تلاش است به این مسئله بپردازد که آیا تجربه ی معلمان می تواند بر ادراک آنها از این توانمندی تاثیر گذارد. بدین منظور، از 100 معلم زبان خواسته شد تا پرسشنامه ی مربوطه برگرفته از مطالعه ی هن و سانگ (2011) را تکمیل نمایند. نتایج بررسی های کمی و کیفی حاکی از آن بود که شباهتها و تفاوتهایی میان ادراکات معلمان در مورد دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی و ارتباط آن با تجربه ی معلمان وجود دارد. نتایج به اهمیت آموزش بین فرهنگی معلمان در فضای زبان آموزی ایران اشاره دارد. Manuscript profile

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137 - نقش و توانش مدرس آنلاین: نظرات دانشجو معلمان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی
مینا بصیرت محبوبه تقی زاده

10.30495/jal.2022.696544

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش مدرسان زبان انگلیسی و تعیین توانمندی های مورد نیاز جهت آموزش دوره های برخط زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، دیدگاه های 100 دانشجوی فارغ التحصیل رشته آموزش زبان انگیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه (TEFL) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جمع آوری اطلاعات More

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش مدرسان زبان انگلیسی و تعیین توانمندی های مورد نیاز جهت آموزش دوره های برخط زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، دیدگاه های 100 دانشجوی فارغ التحصیل رشته آموزش زبان انگیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه (TEFL) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جمع آوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز توسط دو پرسشنامه در مورد نقش های مدرسان برخط و توانمندی های آنها به همراه دو سوال پاسخ باز انجام گرفت. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که می توان نقش های مدرسان برخط را به ترتیب به عنوان نقش آموزشی، حرفه ای، اجرایی، اجتماعی، ارزیابی، فناوری و محقق رتبه بندی کرد. علاوه بر این، توانمندی های نقش آموزشی، حرفه ای و فناوری بالاترین میزان میانگین و توانمندی های نقش محقق کمترین میزان میانگین را به خود اختصاص دادند. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده داشتن دانش فناوری و استفاده از آن، دانش مربوط به درس یا محتوا، توانایی حفظ انگیزه زبان آموزان، مهارت های تدریس برخط و توانایی برقراری ارتباط موثر از دیگر توانمندی هایی بود که مدرس برای ایفای نقش خود در کلاس های برخط زبان انگلیسی به آنها نیاز دارد. یافته های این پژوهش می تواند بینش ژرف تری در زمینه چگونگی طراحی دوره های رشد حرفه ای مدرسان برخط در جهت افزایش کیفیت و توانمند سازی آنها به عنوان مدرس برخط زبان انگلیسی ارائه دهند. Manuscript profile

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138 - آیا آموزش نگارش استدلالی به شیوه ارزشیابی پویای تداخلی و تعاملی بر پیجیدگی، درستی و سلاست تاثیر می‌گذارند؟
آیدا رحمانی فرهیخته مژگان رشتچی مسعود یزدانی مقدم

10.30495/jal.2021.680912

تحقیق حاضر با طرح پژوهشی  پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه کنترل غیرهمسان به بررسی تاثیر ارزشیابی پویا به دو صورت تعاملی و تداخلی بر توانایی نگارش استدلالی معلمان زبان انگلیسی پرداخت. همچنین پژوهشگران در صدد اندازه گیری   سه عامل پیچیدگی،  درستی و سلاست&n More

تحقیق حاضر با طرح پژوهشی  پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه کنترل غیرهمسان به بررسی تاثیر ارزشیابی پویا به دو صورت تعاملی و تداخلی بر توانایی نگارش استدلالی معلمان زبان انگلیسی پرداخت. همچنین پژوهشگران در صدد اندازه گیری   سه عامل پیچیدگی،  درستی و سلاست  در مهارت نوشتار معلمان زبان پس از آموزش های تعاملی و تداخلی ارزشیابی پویا بودند. به همین منظور سه گروه بیست و دو نفری از معلمان با سطح زبان یکسان بطور تصادفی به سه  گروه کنترل، ارزشیابی پویای تعاملی و  ارزشیابی پویای تداخلی تقسیم شدند. پس از نه جلسه آموزش، گروه ها در پس آزمون مهارت نوشتاری شرکت کردند. آزمون تجزیه و تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه نشانگر عملکرد بهتر دو گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل در نگارش متون استدلالی بود اگر چه از لحاظ آماری تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه آزمایش مشاهده نشد. همچنین بین دو گروه در زمینه پیچیدگی مهارت نوشتار استدلالی  تفاوت آماری معناداری دیده نشد. از نظر درستی، عملکرد گروه تعاملی بهتر از گروه کنترل بود. در حالیکه تفاوت معنادار بین دو گروه آزمایش مشاهده نشد.در سنجش سلاست گروه های ارزیابی پویا بر گروه کنترل برتری نشان دادند. این مقاله در بر گیرنده ی نتایج و پیشنهادهایی برای سایر محققین می باشد. Manuscript profile

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139 - سبکهای یادگیری و آموزشی در کانون توجه: زبان آموزان و مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در ایران
زهره سیفوری زهرا حسن زاده

هر فرآیند آموزشی و یادگیری استوار بر مجموعه ایی از سبکهای یادگیری و آموزشی است که مبین سیاستهای کلی آموزشی بوده و شناسایی آنها شرط نخستین هر گونه اصلاح در سیستم آموزشی می باشد. هدف پژوهش کیفی و .... حاضر بررسی گرایش معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی نسبت به پنج سبک یادگیری متخ More

هر فرآیند آموزشی و یادگیری استوار بر مجموعه ایی از سبکهای یادگیری و آموزشی است که مبین سیاستهای کلی آموزشی بوده و شناسایی آنها شرط نخستین هر گونه اصلاح در سیستم آموزشی می باشد. هدف پژوهش کیفی و .... حاضر بررسی گرایش معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی نسبت به پنج سبک یادگیری متخصص، دست اندرکار رسمی، الگوی شخصی، تسهیلگر، و مشارکتی و نیز مطالعه تمایلات زبان آموزان ایرانی نسبت به سه سبک یادگیری دیداری، شنیداری، و جنبشی-حرکتی بود. داده های تحقیق با استفاده از پرسشنامه سبکهای آموزشی گرآشا (1996) و نیز پرسشنامه سبکهای یادگیری بارش (1991) به دست آمد که از نمونه 30 نفری معلمان و 300 نفری زبان آموزان به دست آمده بود. آمار توصیفی داده های تحقیق نشان داد که بیشتر زبان آموزان ایرانی به سبکهای یادگیری دیداری و جنبشی-حرکتی و اکثر معلمان به سبکهای آموزشی تسهیل گر و مدل شخصی تمایل دارند، در حالیکه سبک یادگیری شنیداری و سبک آموزشی مشارکتی کمترین فراوانی ها را نشان می داد. نتایج ضرورت توجه معلمان به سبکهای یادگیری زبان آموزان را مورد توجه قرار می دهد تا بتوانند تدریس خود را هماهنگ با تمایلات زبان آموزان تعدیل نمایند.   Manuscript profile

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140 - تدوین و اعتبار سنجی پرسشنامه سنجش میزان آگاهی مدرسین زبان انگلیسی از آموزش سازگاربا مغز
انسیه ستاری گوارشک مونا طباطبایی یزدی

10.30495/jal.2022.690038

معلمان معمولاً بر اساس نحوه یادگیری طبیعی مغز آموزش می دهند. به این ترتیب، نه تنها فراگیران به سرعت یاد می گیرند، حفظ می کنند و به یاد می آورند، بلکه آموزش نیز لذت بخش تر می شود. افزایش توجه به نقش ارزشمند ذهن در یادگیری وتدریس در دوران اخیر، علاوه بر فقدان پرسشنامه ای More

معلمان معمولاً بر اساس نحوه یادگیری طبیعی مغز آموزش می دهند. به این ترتیب، نه تنها فراگیران به سرعت یاد می گیرند، حفظ می کنند و به یاد می آورند، بلکه آموزش نیز لذت بخش تر می شود. افزایش توجه به نقش ارزشمند ذهن در یادگیری وتدریس در دوران اخیر، علاوه بر فقدان پرسشنامه ای معتبر برای تخمین آگاهی معلمان از آموزش سازگاربا مغز، هدف پژوهش حاضر، تدوین و اعتبارسنجی یک پرسشنامه 54 ماده ای آموزش سازگاربا مغز با استفاده ازمدل راش است. این پرسشنامه توسط 200 معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی درزمینه های مختلف آموزشی تکمیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تمامی 54 آیتم پرسشنامه تناسب خوبی با مدل راش دارند. مقادیر تناسب و عدم تناسب در محدوده قابل قبولی بودند که نشان دهنده تک بعدی بودن پرسشنامه است. این نشان می دهد که پرسشنامه آموزش سازگاربا مغزمعتبر است و می تواند به عنوان مقیاسی برای ارزیابی آگاهی معلمان از آموزش آموزش سازگاربا مغز استفاده شود. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

141 - ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی از فرسودگی شغلی: مطالعه کیفی
مریم موسوی علی امیرقاسمی مهناز سعیدی

10.30495/jal.2022.696590

این مطالعه کیفی با هدف بررسی منابع فرسودگی شغلی از دیدگاه معلمان زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، سی و چهار معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن ایرانی در مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شرکت کردند تا در مورد منابع فرسودگی شغلی نظر دهند و سپس آنها را از نظر اولویت رتبه بندی کن More

این مطالعه کیفی با هدف بررسی منابع فرسودگی شغلی از دیدگاه معلمان زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، سی و چهار معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن ایرانی در مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شرکت کردند تا در مورد منابع فرسودگی شغلی نظر دهند و سپس آنها را از نظر اولویت رتبه بندی کنند. همچنین 100 معلم به یک پرسشنامه باز و برخط در مورد علل فرسودگی پاسخ دادند. بر اساس کدگذاری، پاسخهابه دو گره بیرونی و درونی، پنج شاخه اصلی و پانزده موضوع فرعی تقسیم بندی شدند. گره بیرونی شامل مشکلات مالی، سازمانی وموضوعات مربوط به تربیت معلم وگره درونی شامل ویژگی های روانی-عاطفی معلمان و مشکلات زندگی شخصی این افراد بود. طبق نتایج بدست آمده، شرکت کنندگان فرسودگی معلمین زبان انگلیسی را بیشتر به عوامل خارجی نسبت دادند تا عوامل درونی. ازعوامل بیرونی، دستمزد پایین معلمان، بدرفتاری سرپرست و حجم کار، واز عوامل درونی، پایین بودن توانایی حل مسئله، انگیزه پایین و کمبود حس خودکارآمدی معلمان در رتبه های بالایی قرار داشت. هیچیک از شرکت کنندگان فرسودگی شغلی را به جنسیت و سن معلمان نسبت نداد و تقریباً همه شرکت کنندگان به اتفاق آراء از سیستم مدیریت آموزشی ایران به دلیل عدم ارائه ابزار لازم برای تشخیص و پیشگیری از فرسودگی شغلی معلمان انتقاد کردند. این مطالعه تلویحات آموزشی برای سیاستگذاران و دست اندرکاران مسایل آموزشی دارد. Manuscript profile

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142 - نگرش معلمان زبان انگلیسی نسبت به پیشرفت حرفه ای خود آغاز
Fatemeh Malek Abbasi

همگام بودن با تغییرات و نو آوریهای مستمر در زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی ، به عنوان یک ضرورت کیفیت تدریس معلمان در نظر گرفته می شود. برای پیشرفت معلمان شیوه های زیادی وجود دارد که  پیشرفت خود آغاز یکی از مهمترین آنها به شمار می رود. اگرچه پیشرفت معلمان برای کیفیت آموزش More

همگام بودن با تغییرات و نو آوریهای مستمر در زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی ، به عنوان یک ضرورت کیفیت تدریس معلمان در نظر گرفته می شود. برای پیشرفت معلمان شیوه های زیادی وجود دارد که  پیشرفت خود آغاز یکی از مهمترین آنها به شمار می رود. اگرچه پیشرفت معلمان برای کیفیت آموزش ضروری می باشد، اما به نظر می رسد که مطالعات زیادی در زمینه خود پیشرفتی معلمان زبان انگلیسی در ایران صورت نگرفته است. مطالعات انجام شده بیشتر بر ارزیابی برنامه های قبل و ضمن خدمت آموزش زبان انگلیسی متمرکز شده اند. با توجه به این خلا، هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بررسی نگرش چهل و هشت معلم زبان انگلیسی در حال خدمت نسبت به پیشرفت حرفه ای خود بوده است. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات یک پرسشنامه ی محقق ساخته بوده که از هر دو نوع سوال پاسخ باز و پاسخ بسته تشکیل شده بود. داده های گردآوری گردیده با استفاده از آمار توصیفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که این معلمان موافقت خود را در رابطه با اکثر مفاهیمی که بیانگر اهمیت پیشرفت حرفه ای هستند ابراز داشتند. همچنین ، آنها از اهمیت فعالیتهای اصلی پیشرفت حرفه ای جهت پیشرفت خود آگاهی داشتند. با این وجود، دو فعالیت مشاهده ی همکار و اقدام پژوهی نسبت به دیگر فعالیتها زیاد مورد توجه واقع نشدند.  Manuscript profile

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143 - ارزیابی کارآمدی برنامه های ضمن خدمت بر دانش معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی : مطالعه دلفی
مریم محمودی مژگان رشتچی غلامرضا عباسیان

10.30495/jal.2022.704104

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نظرات معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مورد کآرآمدی کلاس‌های ضمن خدمت (INSET) بر پایگاه دانش (KB) معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مقطع دبیرستان پرداخت. برای انجام این پژوهش، از سه بار مطالعه دلفی (روش ترکیبی) استفاده شد. بار اول مطالعه کیفی با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه سا More

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نظرات معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مورد کآرآمدی کلاس‌های ضمن خدمت (INSET) بر پایگاه دانش (KB) معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مقطع دبیرستان پرداخت. برای انجام این پژوهش، از سه بار مطالعه دلفی (روش ترکیبی) استفاده شد. بار اول مطالعه کیفی با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاری انجام شد و بارهای دوم و سوم مطالعه کمی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. آزمودنی‌ها 29 معلم زبان انگلیسی از استان گیلان بودند که به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده بودند. معیار انتخاب معلمان شرکت در کلاس های ضمن خدمت و آشنایی با کتاب های درسی Prospect و Vision بود. از طریق مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند، دیدگاه‌های آنان در مورد کلاس‌های ضمن خدمت جمع اوری شد و با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. سپس بر اساس ایده های معلمان پرسشنامه ای با 27 سوال تهیه شد وتوسط معلمان دوبار پاسخ داده شد. بررسی نتایج با استفاده ازآزمون های جفت شده تی (T-Test) نشان‌داد نظرات معلمان تغییرمعنادار نداشته است. معلمان انتظار داشتند که آموزش در کلاس‌ها دقیق‌تر انجام شود و برنامه ریزی برای افزایش دانش محتوایی، دانش آموزشی و دانش تکنولوژیکی آنها باشد. آزمودنی-ها پیشنهادهایی برای بهبود اجرای برنامه‌های ضمن خدمت در جهت ارتقای کیفیت آموزش معلمان دادند که می‌تواند به یادگیری دانش‌آموزان منتهی شود. Manuscript profile

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144 - Analyzing the Relationship Between Grade Inflation and Students’ Evaluation of University Professors’ Teaching
Seyed Ahmad Madani Ali Ghasempour

10.30495/jinev.2023.1974151.2811

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between students' academic progress scores and their evaluation of the university professors' teaching. The longitudinal design of this research is a panel study in which the necessary measurements are mad More

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between students' academic progress scores and their evaluation of the university professors' teaching. The longitudinal design of this research is a panel study in which the necessary measurements are made over time and at specific intervals. The students studying in the three semesters were the statistical population of this research. The sample size was determined by GPower software and based on the type of statistical tests required. After screening more than one hundred thousand pairs of "student grade-teacher evaluation", the final analysis was performed on the data of 1970 students who had studied with a certain professor in three consecutive semesters. The tool for collecting the evaluation data of the professors was the official survey form of the institution in the intended semesters. The analysis showed that with the increase of the student’s final grade, his/her evaluation grade from the professor in the next semester increases significantly. Supplementary analysis showed that the effect of this initial score remains stable until two semesters late. It can be said that with a one-unit increase in students’ final grade, after two semesters, a significant increase between 1 and 4% in their evaluation grade from professors can be seen. The regression coefficients of the relationship between the grade point average of the whole class and the teaching evaluation of professors were also significant in the case of two consecutive semesters. Finally, the analyzes on the grades of the specialized and main courses of the students showed that compared to the past semesters, there is a grade inflation in the groups of humanities, literature, architecture and art. Based on this evidence, it is suggested that the phenomenon of grade inflation be considered from the point of view of its possible connection and interrelation with the way student evaluations are used in the employment and academic decisions of faculty members. Manuscript profile

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145 - Emergency Remote Teaching and Elementary School Teachers' Challenges: Thematic Analysis
Farzaneh Michaeli Manee Sheler Abkhiz Soheila Hashemi

10.30495/jinev.2023.1980073.2837

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the experiences, challenges and attitudes of elementary school teachers towards emergency distance learning or ERT. The research community was primary school teachers of Urmia, from which a sample of 720 peop More

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the experiences, challenges and attitudes of elementary school teachers towards emergency distance learning or ERT. The research community was primary school teachers of Urmia, from which a sample of 720 people was selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used. The collected data were analyzed by thematic analysis method. Teachers' experience of ERT was placed in three categories: feeling unprepared, educational justice, and learning failure. Teachers in the areas of understanding the difficulty of teacher duties, opportunities for knowledge and skill learning, continuity of education, promotion of cooperation between teachers, promotion of parents' participation and students' responsibility, and in the areas of reducing classroom interaction, problems with the SHAD application, lack of necessary resources and ERT facilities, impossibility of valid and correct assessment and increased workload were satisfied and dissatisfied with ERT, respectively. Necessary changes from the teachers' point of view to improve ERT placed in the areas of improving the Internet network and educational platform, facilitating access to facilities and tools, and including technology-related training in the teacher training curriculum and in-service escaped. It seems that this form of education will remain as a complementary method to face-to-face education from now on. Therefore, it is necessary to check the necessary infrastructure to improve it. Manuscript profile

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146 - A Study of the relationship between the state school managers' leadership styles (based on linker's theory) with the secondary school teachers' job satisfaction in Parsabad Township in 2004-2010
Seyyed Davoud Hosseini-Nasab Mohammad Ali Farnia Firouzeh Molana

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the leadership styles of state school managers (based upon Linker's theory) with the secondary teacher job satisfaction. The research methodology was descriptive-correlation. The statistical popula More

The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the leadership styles of state school managers (based upon Linker's theory) with the secondary teacher job satisfaction. The research methodology was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population for this study included the entire 37 school manager's of Parsabad city and all the 413 high school teachers of Parsabad. Sing Morgan table, the sample size was 32 managers and the teachers sample size was (5 teachers per each manager) added up to 160 people. The sampling method was random sampling. The data was collected through two questionnaires: Smith, Kendall, and Holins job satisfaction questionnaire, and a researcher made questionnaire regarding Likerts leadership styles. The following results were achieved: 1- There was no significant relationship between managers' autocratic leadership styles and teachers' job satisfaction. 2- There was significant relationship between managers' benevolent leadership styles and teachers' job satisfaction significant. 3- There was significant relationship between managers' consultative leadership styles and teachers` job satisfaction. 4- There was significant relationship between managers' participative leadership styles and teachers` job satisfaction 5-The average use of consultative and participative leadership styles was higher than other leadership styles. 6- Some 74% percent of the teachers reported job satisfaction. 7. Among linker's leadership styles, the consultative style was a better estimator on job satisfactions. Manuscript profile

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147 - A study of the relationship between organizational intelligence with conflict management between manager and teachers in public schools of Maragheh city (2010-2011)
Majid Bagerzadeh Vahid Rashedi Alireza Bafandeh

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between organizational intelligence with conflict management. The research method was correlation and applied research. The statistical population was managers and teachers of public high and guidance schools Maragh More

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between organizational intelligence with conflict management. The research method was correlation and applied research. The statistical population was managers and teachers of public high and guidance schools Maragheh city. It included 88 managers, using Cochran’s Formula 44 managers and 256 teachers were chosen through ratio stratified sampling method. Research tools included organizational intelligence questionnaire (Albrecht, 2003) and Robbins conflict management, who had supported the formal validity and reliability using cronbach’s alpha, coefficient, was about 0.89 and 0.83. Pearson analysis showed that between two variables, organizational intelligence and solution- oriented strategy in conflict management, there is a significant relationship, but the correlation between organizational intelligence with avoidance and control strategies of conflict management, there was no significant relationship. T-test results showed that between manager and teacher in conflict management strategy there was a significant difference, and managers were more solution- oriented than the teacher. In contrast, teachers tend to use avoidance strategy. This difference was also significant in terms of gender, as women were more solution- oriented than men. Also, between managers and teachers there was no significant difference in organizational intelligence.               Manuscript profile

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148 - Process-Oriented Evaluation at Elementary Schools (a Case Study of Mamaghan Region Education Office)
Firouz Mahmoudi Mohammad Taghi Abdollah Zadeh Mohammad Mansourzadeh

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers’ familiarity with process-oriented evaluation and their use of process-oriented evaluation in their classes in Mamaghan Elementary school. This is a descriptive – survey research More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers’ familiarity with process-oriented evaluation and their use of process-oriented evaluation in their classes in Mamaghan Elementary school. This is a descriptive – survey research and included all 180 primary school teachers in Mamaghan in the academic year 1392-1393, among whom 127 teachers completed the questionnaires. To collect the data, two researcher-made questionnaires were used. The reliability of the first questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach’s Alpha ).92), and the reliability of the second questionnaire was calculated through spilt-half method (.83).  The results showed that teachers were less familiar with process-oriented evaluation and its tools, concepts, characteristic and principles. But, they had a positive attitude toward process-oriented evaluation and used it in their classrooms. The other finding was that teachers` degree and experience did not have a significant relationship with their familiaarty and use of process-oriented evaluation Manuscript profile

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149 - The relational study of emotional intelligence and hardiness among teachers of Sarab city
Rogayye Ghaseri Parviz S arandi Gholam Reza Gholmohammad Nejad Fatemeh Eyvaziyan

The aim of this inquiry is to investigate the relation between the measure of Emotional intelligence and Hardiness of female teachers90-91. 214 samples had been chosen between elementary, guidance, high school teachers in a proportional way. Data gathering tools were: S More

The aim of this inquiry is to investigate the relation between the measure of Emotional intelligence and Hardiness of female teachers90-91. 214 samples had been chosen between elementary, guidance, high school teachers in a proportional way. Data gathering tools were: Sheering Emotional intelligence questionnaire and kobassa Hardiness questionnaire. To investigate hypothesis, they use Pearson test and linear and multiple analysis of Regression. Investigating research hypothesis: among Emotional intelligence, motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Social skills, with Alienation and among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Challenge and among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Commitment and at least among Emotional intelligence, Motivating oneself, Self Awareness, Managing oneself, Sympathy, Social skills with Hardiness there was a meaningful relation and also like Regression multiple equation for specify Hardiness, we found that sympathy  with  = 0.241 and Self-Awareness with =0.239 had the most proportion on the foretelling of under-survey Hardiness.   Manuscript profile

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150 - A Comparative study of instructional and educational performance of teachers participating in three scholastic courses from maneger’s point of viwe in Ardabil province.
Moosa Piri Fariba Salmanoghli Khiavi

Th main objective of the study was to examine the instructional and educational performance of teachers participating in scholar teachers program with other teachers in three scholastic courses in Ardabil. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical pop More

Th main objective of the study was to examine the instructional and educational performance of teachers participating in scholar teachers program with other teachers in three scholastic courses in Ardabil. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was 67 teacher who participated in scholar teachers program, other teachers (11700), and managers (1287) people. The sampling method for scholar teachers was target-oriented, but other groups were sampled by simple random method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire using likert scale. To determine the validity of the questionnaire, factor analysis and expert views were used. Using cronbach’s alpha the reliability was estimated 0.96. Descriptive and inferential statistics (T-test and F) were used to analyse the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the scholar teachers instructional and educational performance with other teachers. There was not significant difference between the instructional and educational performance of the teachers participating in the program concerning the sex, record of service, academic degree, and teaching experiences. Manuscript profile

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151 - Surveying the awareness Level of elementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing a good pattern for promoting their awareness Level on education principles in kurdestan Province
Fardin Abdollahi Ali Shariatmadari Ezatollah Naderi

The current study aims to Surveying the awareness Level of elementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing a good pattern for promoting their awareness Level on education principles in kurdestan Province .The research method employed in this study in More

The current study aims to Surveying the awareness Level of elementary teachers on educational principles in order to providing a good pattern for promoting their awareness Level on education principles in kurdestan Province .The research method employed in this study in field research and the statistical population includes all the teachers who have been teaching in the elementary schools of the Kurdistan province in the academic year of 2009 – 2010. The statistical sample consists of 370 teachers who have been collected through multi-stage and random clustering sampling. In the current study, the data are collected through a questionnaire (comprised of 40 four-choice questions). The data are analyzed at two levels: descriptive level (by frequency distribution tables, frequency percentage, mean, etc.) and analytical level (through q-square, Z and T tests).The most prominent findings of the research indicate that the level of elementary school teachers' cognizance of educational principles is lower than average and there is no meaningful difference between the scores in terms of gender variable, but a meaningful difference is observed between the scores in terms of academic degree, service record and major of study.  Manuscript profile

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152 - A study of the relashionship between personality stress characteristics with primary teachers’ occupational burnout in Tabriz
Hossain lotfinia Hossain mohseninia

The occupational burnout has been one of the main causes of  mental and physical symptoms of working labor force, especially in human services occupations, such as (teaching, nursing), it is also  effective in reduction of their efficiency. Considering the key More

The occupational burnout has been one of the main causes of  mental and physical symptoms of working labor force, especially in human services occupations, such as (teaching, nursing), it is also  effective in reduction of their efficiency. Considering the key role of education in training the children, and the teachers’ important role in this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between  personality stress characteristics with primary teachers’ occupational burnout. The method of the research is descriptive-correlation. The sample size included 325 people (231 female and 83 male). In order to collect the data two questionnaires namely, short form NEO-FFI personality and Mazlak’s occupational burnout test werw used, and Holmez & Rahe’s life events table was also used. Spearman correlation coefficient and concurrent multiple regression were used to analyse the data and test the hypotheses. The result showed that the conscientiousness factors have the highest influence on the occupational burnout.  Manuscript profile

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153 - Sociological Study of Motivation and its Effect on Iranian Teachers' Learning English
Davood Mashhadi Heidar Maryam Kaviani Manouchehr Pahlavan

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154 - Social Factors Influencing Non-English Major Professors' Attitudes towards Learning English as an International Language
Maryam Kaviani Abolghasem Heidarabadi

10.22034/ssyj.2016.678763

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155 - Iranian EFL High School Teachers' Perceptions of Virtual Learning System Opportunities, Challenges and Threats
Seyyed Jaffar Rafiee Parviz Alavinia Mehdi Sarkhosh

10.30495/jfl.2022.697424

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156 - Intercultural competence, Intercultural sensitivity, and Language Pedagogy: Perspectives of Iranian Novice and Experienced EFL Teachers
Sina Khalili Mohammad Mohammadi

10.30495/jfl.2022.697443

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157 - Teacher Autonomy and Personality Traits: A Comparative Study of Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers
Elaheh Fadaee Amir Marzban Shaaban Najafi Karimi

10.30495/jfl.2022.692623

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158 - سطوح بازتاب در میان معلمان زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی: تأثیرات متقابل جنسیت، مدرک تحصیلی و تجربه معلمان
Parvin Rezaie Haniyeh Davatgari Asl Nader Asadi

10.30495/jfl.2023.707677

 در جامعه امروزی، برای معلمان، به ویژه معلمان زبان های خارجی، مهم است که درک کنند که بازتاب عامل اصلی در رشد حرفه معلمی در نظر گرفته می شود. این پژوهش با توجه به متغیرهای جنسیت، مدرک تحصیلی، سابقه تدریس و تأثیر متقابل بین آنها، به بررسی ابعاد مختلف تدریس تأملی در ب More

 در جامعه امروزی، برای معلمان، به ویژه معلمان زبان های خارجی، مهم است که درک کنند که بازتاب عامل اصلی در رشد حرفه معلمی در نظر گرفته می شود. این پژوهش با توجه به متغیرهای جنسیت، مدرک تحصیلی، سابقه تدریس و تأثیر متقابل بین آنها، به بررسی ابعاد مختلف تدریس تأملی در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی زبان پرداخته است. برای انجام این کار، ابتدا با استفاده از یک طرح پیمایشی ترکیبی متوالی توضیحی، یک مقیاس پنج درجه ای لیکرت، پرسشنامه آموزش انعکاسی 29 سوالی شامل (عملی، فراشناختی، انتقادی، شناختی و عاطفی) بین 142 معلم زبان انگلیسی (مرد و مرد) توزیع شد. زن) با 4 تا 30 سال سابقه حرفه ای در لیسانس، کارشناسی ارشد و دکتری. مدارک تحصیلی با توجه به تجربه تدریس، شرکت‌کنندگان در سه گروه دسته‌بندی شدند. نتایج MANOVA نشان‌دهنده تأثیر معنادار تجربه معلمان بر تدریس تأملی با کمترین تأثیر گزارش شده بر بعد عاطفی بود. در مرحله دوم، شانزده معلم زبان انگلیسی برای شرکت در مصاحبه دعوت شدند. نتایج مطالعه حاضر برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی مفید خواهد بود تا تدریس موثر داشته باشند و خود را بیشتر در کشف سبک های یادگیری دانش آموزان و جنبه های انتقادی زمینه تدریس مشارکت دهند. آموزش انعکاسی به معلمان کمک می کند تا استقلال خود را تقویت کنند. تجزیه و تحلیل نشان داد که کمبود زمان، برنامه‌های درسی تجویز شده، کتاب‌های درسی از پیش تعیین‌شده، و برنامه‌های آموزشی ناکارآمد معلمان، موانع اصلی بر سر راه بازتاب آن‌گونه که معلمان تجربه می‌کنند، هستند. نتایج، پیامدهای آموزشی برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی و نظریه پردازان ایرانی در حوزه آموزش زبان دارند.  Manuscript profile

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159 - Task-based Language Teaching in L2 English Writing Classrooms: Insights from Chinese Senior Secondary Schools
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160 - Relationship between Professional Identity and Reflectivity: A Case of Iranian EFL Teachers
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161 - Implementing Project Work in Teaching English at High School: The Case of Vietnamese Teachers’ Challenges
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162 - Junior High School EFL Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Collaborative Action Research
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163 - Relationship Between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Self-Efficacy and Their Burnout Level in Universities and Schools
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164 - Identifying Style Awareness, Indirect Strategy Use and Preferences of Turkish Student Teachers of English
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165 - Investigating English Teachers' Awareness of Pedagogical Competence and its Effect on Students' Language Learning
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166 - Lesson Plan Preparation and Implementation: Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions in Focus
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167 - Relationship between Burnout and Reflective Teaching among EFL Teachers
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168 - The Effect of Burnout on Teaching Performance of Male and Female EFL Teachers in L2 Context
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169 - Iranian Language School Managers’ Attitudes towards EFL Teacher Supervision
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170 - A Survey on the Efficiency of ESP Teachers in Iranian Universities
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171 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Attitudes towards Ministry of Education Top Model Teaching Festivals
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10.30495/jfl.2022.689310

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172 - An Exploratory Study of Iranian EFL Teachers’ Agency: Conceptions and Practices
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173 - Iranian English Language Teachers' Perceptions of Monitoring and Scaffolding Practices of Assessment for Learning: A Focus on Gender and Class Size
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174 - An Insight into Professional Development Obstacles Facing Ethiopian Primary School EFL Teachers
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175 - Relationship between Teaching Experience, Academic Qualifications and In-service Training Courses: The case of Iranian EFL teachers' use of critical thinking-based teaching strategies
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.37.6.4
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176 - Effect of Awareness of Teacher Education Philosophy on EFL Teachers’ Professional Skill: A Post-method Perspectivization
Ghasemali Azadi Akbar Afghari Bahram Hadian

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177 - Life Satisfaction and Empathy in Iranian EFL Teachers: A correlational study
Roya Hassanpour Souderjani Laya Heidari Darani Nafiseh Hosseinpour

10.52547/JFL.9.38.109

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178 - A Comparative Study of English and Math Teachers’ Perfectionism: Leadership and Empowerment
Hamed Ghaemi Mohammad Javad Sadeghi Fard

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179 - Online Teacher Quality and TPACK Framework of Knowledge: EFL Pre-service Teachers' Views
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Mina Basirat Mahboubeh Taghizadeh

10.52547/JFL.9.37.125

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180 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Obstacles to Implementing Student-Centered Learning: A Mixed-Methods Study
Mohammad Hemmati Faramarz Aziz Malayeri

10.30495/jfl.2022.686698

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181 - Expert and Novice Iranian EFL Teachers’ Professional Knowledge at Iranian Language Institutes and Universities
Mahbubeh Yazdanpanah Rahman Sahragard

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182 - Professional Identity Reflection of Iranian EFL Instructors in E-Teaching: Focus on Achievement Orientation Theory
Raziyeh Fallah Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi

10.30495/jfl.2022.692665

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183 - Investigating the Impacts of EFL Teachers' Age, Educational Background, Instructional Experience and Gender on Their Beliefs about Formative Assessment
Kamran Mehrgan Abdolmajid Hayati Seyyed Mohammad Alavi

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184 - Impact of Elementary Learners’ L1 in Consciousness-raising Tasks on Their L2 Writing Accuracy
Saeideh Fatahzade Sajad Shafiee Fariba Rahimi Esfahani

10.30495/jfl.2022.692666

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185 - Effort-reward Imbalance and Burnout among EFL Teachers in Iran
Mehdi Haseli Songhori Alireza Atashpanjeh Maryam Noori Sadegh

10.52547/JFL.9.38.175

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186 - The Relationship between Moral Intelligence and the Responsibility of Elementary School Teachers in the City of Bushehr
Afifeh Hamedi

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187 - A Study on the Nature of Iranian English Teachers’ Grammar Beliefs
Khalegh Setoodeh Esmaeil Jadidi Ehsan Rassaei

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188 - On the Relationship between Iranian EFL Teachers’ Grammar Teaching Beliefs and Their Professional Development
Khalegh Setoodeh Esmaeil Jadidi Ehsan Rassaei

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189 - The Role of Ethical and Educational Models in Promoting the Islamic Lifestyle
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190 - Relationship of Using Information Technology and Adaptability to Teachers Common Sense
seyed ahmad hashemi nahzat safaee

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191 - Exploration of EAP Learners’ Views Toward Using Vocabulary Learning Strategies (VLSs)
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192 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of the Different Features of Mediation
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193 - Longitudinal Reciprocal Relationship between Language Teachers’ Trait Emotional Intelligence and their Learner’s Trait Emotional Intelligence: A Dyadic Curve of Factors Model
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194 - The Relationship between Trust and Empowerment: The Mediating Role of Efficacy
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195 - Examining The Relationship Among Stroke, Strictness, Gender Identity, and Teacher Success from EFL Teachers’ Perspective
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196 - On the Effect of Motivation and Attitude on the Application of Information and Communication Technology at Yazd High Schools
Bibi Eshrat Zamani Narjes Amini

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of teachers’ motivation and attitudes on using information and communication technologies at Yazd high schools. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational approach. The statistical population includ More

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of teachers’ motivation and attitudes on using information and communication technologies at Yazd high schools. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational approach. The statistical population included all high school teachers (N= 3585), among whom 454 people were selected as the study sample through stratified random sampling method and Cochran formula. Questionnaires were included 3 inventories: van Braak (2001) Standard ICT application level, van Braak & Goeman (2003) General Attitudes toward Computers Scale, and Motivation Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory path analysis using LISERL software. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between attitudinal and motivational factors with ICT application. This means that the teachers’ attitudes and motivation had impact on using ICT. Manuscript profile

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197 - Factors affecting the tendency to virtual social networks: Case study of Farhangian University student-teachers
Batool Sabzeh

The development of new communication technologies and virtual social networks in the last two decades has led to ideological and attitude changes, especially among the younger generation. In this regard, the present article was conducted with the aim of investigating th More

The development of new communication technologies and virtual social networks in the last two decades has led to ideological and attitude changes, especially among the younger generation. In this regard, the present article was conducted with the aim of investigating the trend towards virtual social networks and the factors affecting it. The research method used by the Commission is a survey in which data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire tool among 900 people selected by a multi-stage cluster sampling method in 2009. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the most important variables affecting the rate of student-teacher orientation to social networks, respectively, include attitudes towards social networks, religiosity, and the level of trust in social networks. Other variables such as gender, age, and length of time to join social networks have had a significant but slight effect on social media orientation. In total, these variables have been able to explain about 43% of the variance in virtual social media trends. Manuscript profile

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198 - Identification and ranking of effective factors on technological skills of primary school teachers using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), case study: the city of Gorgan
ali badeleh Mohedeseh Khaje Shirin Pourghaz Abdoljal Tomaj

This survey,has,been conducted,with the objective of identifying and ranking the effective factors on the technological skills of primary school teachers in the city of Gorgan in the educational year 2017-2018.The research methodology is descriptive survey type.The stat More

This survey,has,been conducted,with the objective of identifying and ranking the effective factors on the technological skills of primary school teachers in the city of Gorgan in the educational year 2017-2018.The research methodology is descriptive survey type.The statistical population is the experts of IT,teachers of communicational sciences and primary school teachers in the city,of Gorgan.Data,analysis,was,done,by,analytic,hierarchy,process,(AHP).Considering the survey objective, the analytic hierarchy process has been a very useful method for ranking technological skills of teachers.For this purpose,a questionnaire according to Thomas,L. Totten’s design was prepared and filled. The questionnaire reliability was analyzed with the incompatibility rate of 0.04. Therefore,there,is compatibility in the paired comparisons.The data,was analyzed by the use of Expert Choice software.The findings show that out of the main factors,educational and occupational guidance of students with the relative weight of,0.234 is,at the,top, teachers’ interaction with,students and their parents with,0.231 is the second factor, and the electronic lesson design with,0.227 is the third important factor; and out of the minor factors,interaction in,the,system by,the school personnel,with the,relative weight,of 0.101 is,at,the first place, calling the roll by the smart method with,0.082 at the second place, and the compatibility level of the goals of smart schools’ electronic systems with,the,lesson,contents,with,0.073 is,in the third rank of importance. Manuscript profile

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199 - investigate the effect of mobile phone use on organizational learning
saeideh khojasteh

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mobile phone use on organizational learning of primary school teachers in Kerman. The quasi-experimental study was performed with a control and experimental group. The statistical population was all primary school t More

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mobile phone use on organizational learning of primary school teachers in Kerman. The quasi-experimental study was performed with a control and experimental group. The statistical population was all primary school teachers in Kerman (642 people) who were selected by available sampling method of 50 primary school teachers and randomly divided into two groups of 25 experimental and control groups. The data measurement tool was Hofsky et al(2009) organizational e-learning questionnaire which was completed by the subjects before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance and software SPSS23. The results showed that mobile information technology affects teachers' organizational learning and its components including (continuous communication skills, motivation, access to technology, ability to learn through media and success in e-learning). Therefore, it can be concluded that mobile phones can be an effective tool in organizations, especially in the educational system. Manuscript profile

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200 - Opportunities and Threats of Virtual Learning in the Corona Pandemic Era: A Phenomenological Study
zetnab azizi hosein hosein nejad

Following the outbreak of the Covid virus 19 and the implementation of the social distancing plan, virtual school education continued to operate. This study investigates the opportunities and threats of e-learning during the corona pandemic. This study was conducted wit More

Following the outbreak of the Covid virus 19 and the implementation of the social distancing plan, virtual school education continued to operate. This study investigates the opportunities and threats of e-learning during the corona pandemic. This study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. In this method, in-depth interviews were used to collect information. ض ض ض ض Participants were 20 students and teachers of vocational schools in Kalat city, which was based on the criteria of targeted stratified sampling and sampling continued until saturation. To analyze the findings, the method of summarizing the content of the interview text was used. The findings of this study include four themes and 19 sub-themes: 1- Common problems between students and teachers (6 sub-themes) 2- Problems specific to students (5 sub-themes) 3- Problems specific to teachers in virtual education (3 below Theme) 4- Benefits of e-learning (5 sub-themes). Manuscript profile

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201 - The Study of Curriculum Components on Technology Education for Preschool Teachers
mohammadhossein zarei AhmadReza Nasr

Researchers have shown that there is a significant relationship between preschool teachers literacy and education that they offer. In recent years, we have seen an increase in educators’ information literacy. The present study aims to investigate curriculum elemen More

Researchers have shown that there is a significant relationship between preschool teachers literacy and education that they offer. In recent years, we have seen an increase in educators’ information literacy. The present study aims to investigate curriculum elements on technology education of preschool teachers. This research was quantitative and descriptive methods were used. Statistical society includes preschool teachers of Fars. Data was collected by a researcher made questionnaire with cronbach’s alpha (0/94) coefficient. Friedman’s test result showed that according to view point of teachers on purpose of technology education, familiarity with the newest resources for preschool education. On content of technology education, familiarity with various and informative games. On learning- teaching approaches of technology education, invite specialist person to train and on evaluate of technology education, functional tests in terms of importance are very important from the perspective of preschool teachers. Also, this point is worth mentioning that all the items in the questionnaire are of great importance, because the average of all items is higher than the assumed average (4). Manuscript profile

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202 - بررسی کیفی راهبردهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدیریت کلاس درس: تکیه بر راهبردهای فرهنگی
زهره جعفری لیلا انجم شعاع ندا فاتحی راد

10.30495/lct.2023.1994765.1097

هدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروه‌های آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتس‌اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طر More

هدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروه‌های آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتس‌اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه باز و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. با توجه به نتایج، راهبردهای بسیاری شناسایی شد که دراین تحقیق ارائه شده اند. مهمترین آنها استفاده از دانش دریافتی از طریق تحصیلات آکادمیک، استفاده از تجربیات شخصی، مدیریت نیازهای دانش آموزان، ارائه و دریافت بازخورد از کلاس درس، تدریس بر اساس اخلاق حرفه ای و در نظر گرفتن مسائل فرهنگی است. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان داد که معلمان زبان انگلیسی ملزم به توسل به راهبردهای فرهنگی برای تبدیل منابع دانش مدیریت کلاس درس به فعالیت های عملی هستند. این یافته ها دستاوردهایی برای محققان آموزش معلمان زبان انگلیسی، سیاست گذاران، توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی و معلمان دارد. مهم تر اینکه این تحقیق می تواند در برنامه های آماده سازی معلمان در آماده کردن معلمان برای مدیریت کلاس درس در آینده مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile

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203 - بررسی رابطه بین تفکر تأملی و فرسایش شغلی مدرسان زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه‌ها و مدارس ایران
ابراهیم صفری

10.30495/lct.2022.1969403.1069

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی رابطه بین تفکر تأملی و سطح فرسایش شغلی مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه‌ها و مدارس ایران انجام شده است. به‌عنوان اصلی‌ترین ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها، از پرسشنامه تفکر تأملی و پرسشنامه فرسایش شغلی استفاده شده است که برای جمعیت ایران اعتبار سنجی شده اس More

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی رابطه بین تفکر تأملی و سطح فرسایش شغلی مدرسان زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه‌ها و مدارس ایران انجام شده است. به‌عنوان اصلی‌ترین ابزارهای گردآوری داده‌ها، از پرسشنامه تفکر تأملی و پرسشنامه فرسایش شغلی استفاده شده است که برای جمعیت ایران اعتبار سنجی شده است. ۱۷۸ نفر از مدرسان شاغل در دانشگاه‌ها و مدارس تهران و اردبیل برای پاسخگویی به این پرسشنامه ها انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان داد که بین تفکر تأملی و فرسایش شغلی رابطه منفی وجود دارد؛ میزان فرسایش شغلی در مدرسان به طور نسبی پایین بوده و سطح تفکر تأملی آنها بالا بود. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش همچنین مشخص نمود که مدرسان دانشگاه دارای تفکر تأملی بالاتر و فرسایش شغلی کمتری نسبت به معلمان مدارس بودند. ضمناً، نوع محل کار بر تفکر تأملی در رابطه با عامل «توانایی برای ارزیابی خود» اثر می‌گذارد. در پایان، نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که با افزایش تفکر تأملی مدرسان، میزان فرسایش شغلی آنها کاهش می‌یابد. Manuscript profile

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204 - مقایسه معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در مدارس دولتی و آموزشگاههای زبان: تمرکز بر تفکر انتقادی و جنیست
مونس معصومی زاده شیما قبادی

10.30495/lct.2022.1971749.1071

تفکر انتقادی، به عنوان مهارت بنیادی در جهان کنونی ما در سال های اخیر تمرکز بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است . با بررسی نوشته ها می توان دریافت که عامل ضروری مانند جنسیت در نوشته های مربوط به تفکر انتقادی نادیده گرفته شده است. مطالعه حاضر ماهیت تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زب More

تفکر انتقادی، به عنوان مهارت بنیادی در جهان کنونی ما در سال های اخیر تمرکز بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است . با بررسی نوشته ها می توان دریافت که عامل ضروری مانند جنسیت در نوشته های مربوط به تفکر انتقادی نادیده گرفته شده است. مطالعه حاضر ماهیت تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و ارتباط آن با جنسیت در بخش های عمومی و خصوصی را بررسی کرده است. برای نیل به این هدف، 153 معلم ( 57 مرد و 96 زن) بر طبق نمونه گیری از 20 آموزشگاه زبان و 20 مدرسه عمومی در اصفهان در جهت مشارکت در این مطالعه انتخاب شده اند. از شرکت کنندگان در خواست شده تا پرسشنامه  80 آیتم تفکر انتقادی از واتسون را پاسخ بدهند. یافته ها حاکی از آن است که میزان ضعیفی از تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان وجود دارد، همچنین معلمان زن و مرد ایرانی زبان انگلیسی تفاوت قابل توجهی در میزان تفکر انتقادی ندارند . علاوه بر این نتایج نشان داد بخش خصوصی زمینه بهتری را برای گسترش تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی فراهم کرده است. استدلالهای این مطالعه مورد بحث قرار گرفته اند . Manuscript profile

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205 - ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی: بررسی نگرش مدرسین و زبان آموزان ایرانی در محیط آکادمیک
آذر باقری مسعودزاده اکرم شکریان بهزادی

10.30495/lct.2023.1988993.1091

پژوهش حاضر تمرکز بر ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی در محیط آکادمیک دارد. به طور خاص، دیدگاه دانشجویان و اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه در مورد تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. بعلاوه، تفاوت احتمالی بین دیدگاه شرکت کنن More

پژوهش حاضر تمرکز بر ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی در محیط آکادمیک دارد. به طور خاص، دیدگاه دانشجویان و اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه در مورد تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. بعلاوه، تفاوت احتمالی بین دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، 30 استاد زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه و 40 دانشجوی کارشناسی از چهار دانشگاه کرمان (باهنر، آزاد، پیام نور و موسسه آموزش عالی) انتخاب شدند. به منظور جمع آوری داده ها، از پرسشنامه مرتبط هان (2010) برای بررسی دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان استفاده شد. سپس داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و آزمون t دو گروه مستقل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که درصد زیادی از دانشجویان ‌معتقدند که یادگیری فرهنگ‌های خارجی برای آنها معنادار است. از دیدگاه آنها لازم است که اطلاعاتی در مورد فرهنگ زبان هدف به دست آورند و زمان بیشتری را صرف آن کنند. اساتید دانشگاه نیز به همان دیدگاه‌ها اشاره کردند که یادگیری فرهنگ‌های خارجی از آن‌ها مهم بود. همچنین ارائه اطلاعات و صرف زمان بیشتر برای آموزش فرهنگ خارجی برای آنها ضروری بود. نتایج پژوهش تفاوت معنی داری را بین دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان نسبت به تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی نشان نداد. یافته‌ها به شکاف پژوهشی نظری در زمینه فرهنگ و آموزش زبان‌های خارجی کمک می‌کند و می‌تواند به عنوان راهنمایی برای هدایت معلمان و فراگیران به اهداف فرهنگی مطلوب یک دوره زبان خاص باشد. Manuscript profile

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206 - کاوشی در نگرش معلمان باتجربه ایرانی زبان انگلیسی نسبت به مدل جدیدی از نظارت بر کار معلم
اشرف منتصری رضا پژوهان دوست داوود قهرمانی

10.30495/lct.2023.1996461.1100

این مطالعه ادراک معلمان باتجربه زبان انگلیسی را از یک مدل نظارتی چهار مرحله‌ای که برای توسعه حرفه‌ای معلمان اجرا شده بود، بررسی کرد. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 100 معلم زن و مرد با تجربه زبان انگلیسی با مدارک تحصیلی متفاوت از مناطق مختلف استان البرز بودند. کلاس های شرکت More

این مطالعه ادراک معلمان باتجربه زبان انگلیسی را از یک مدل نظارتی چهار مرحله‌ای که برای توسعه حرفه‌ای معلمان اجرا شده بود، بررسی کرد. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 100 معلم زن و مرد با تجربه زبان انگلیسی با مدارک تحصیلی متفاوت از مناطق مختلف استان البرز بودند. کلاس های شرکت کنندگان مشاهده شد و بازخورد مناسب داده شد. سپس گردهمایی برگزار شد و کلیه اطلاعات مربوط به روند برگزاری دوره رشد حرفه ای معلمان (TPD) اعلام شد. پس از آن شرکت کنندگان در یک دوره آموزشی TPD شرکت کردند که از طریق آن تمامی اجزای اصلی و فرعی یک مدل استاندارد TPD به صورت تئوری و عملی آموزش داده شد. سپس سری دوم مشاهدات انجام شد. در نهایت، برای واکاوی نظر عمیق و دقیق شرکت کنندگان در مورد اثربخشی برنامه های نظارتی اجرا شده، 30 معلم مجرب به عنوان نمایندگان جامعه معلمان مجرب به صورت تصادفی مصاحبه شدند و گزارش های کیفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل موضوعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که حرفه‌ای بودن تمام معلمان باتجربه بسیار توسعه یافته بود و همه آنها عمیقاً از تمام شیوه‌های اجرا شده از طریق این مدل رضایت داشتند. این مطالعه پیامدهایی برای سیاستگذاران، سوپروایزرهای معلمان، معلمان و مدیران مدارس داشت. Manuscript profile

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207 - ارزیابی واحد درسی کارگاه ترجمه در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی: مطالعه موردی کاربرد نظریه های ترجمه
شیرین سلیمی بنی حسین حیدری تبریزی

 هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی  واحد درسی کارگاه ترجمه در دوره کارشناسی ارشد و کاربرد عملی نظریه های ترجمه در این فضای آموزشی است. همچنین انتظارات دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد رشته مترجمی در خصوص کاربرد نظریه های ترجمه در این واحد عملی بررسی خواهد شد. جامعه آماری تحقیق ش More

 هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی  واحد درسی کارگاه ترجمه در دوره کارشناسی ارشد و کاربرد عملی نظریه های ترجمه در این فضای آموزشی است. همچنین انتظارات دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد رشته مترجمی در خصوص کاربرد نظریه های ترجمه در این واحد عملی بررسی خواهد شد. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد رشته مترجمی است که در سال تحصیلی 91-90 در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی پذیرفته شده اند و به منظور مطالعه نمونه آماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان و دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرضا انتخاب شدند. سپس پرسشنامه ای با44 سوال بسته پاسخ در 4 حوزه ، طبق مقیاس پنج درجه ای لیکرت جهت جمع آوری داده ها تهیه شد و پاسخ شرکت کنندگان به 63 پرسشنامه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یافته ها حاکی از آن است که دانشجویان کارشناسی ارشد از واحد درسی کارگاه ترجمه در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی رضایت کافی ندارند. علاوه بر این به نظر می رسد این واحد درسی به اهداف عملی و نظری خود در برنامه آموزشی دست نیافته است. Manuscript profile

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208 - The study of the functioning of thinking styles of education specialists and teachers of the research group
masomeh farhosh maryam syifnaraghi ezatolah naderi ghodsi ahghar

The present study was designed to investigate the performance of the thinking styles of the educational sciences experts and the members of the research group's teachers, as well as offer suggestions on improving education through the use of different thinking styles in More

The present study was designed to investigate the performance of the thinking styles of the educational sciences experts and the members of the research group's teachers, as well as offer suggestions on improving education through the use of different thinking styles in the study process.This is an applied research and the researcher has used field research method. The statistical population of this study, includes elementary school teachers (1100 students) and specialists in environmental sciences (250 students) in Tehran.The statistical sample size was 285 people and 148 people were selected by stratified random sampling method using Morgan table.Data collection was used through study libraries and thinking style questionnaire (TSI, Sternberg and Wagner, 1991) to determine the thinking style of target groups about the performance of legislative, executive, and judge thinking styles. The superficial and content validity of the questionnaire was carried out by the experts.Reliability coefficients in Sternberg and Wagner studies have been reported for legislator style 0.78, executive style 0.75 and judge's rank 0.72.In this study, the reliability of the questionnaire was 93/0.In analyzing data, descriptive statistics methods were used to calculate the frequency, percentages. The results of this study show that the studied groups use all three aspects of the thinking style in the study process.Whils, the degree of overcoming the style of executive thinking is evident in both thelesson study teachers and educational specialists. Manuscript profile

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209 - The intervention effect of job motivation workshop on job involvement of physical education teachers
mahmoud raouf saeed sadeghi broujerdi Bahram Yusefy

The purpose of this study was to investigate the intervention effect of job motivation workshop on job involvement of physical education teachers in Lorestan province. Semi-experimental and workshop methods (pre-test and post-test design) were used. Out of 960 physical More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the intervention effect of job motivation workshop on job involvement of physical education teachers in Lorestan province. Semi-experimental and workshop methods (pre-test and post-test design) were used. Out of 960 physical education teachers in Lorestan province, according to Morgan's table, 278 teachers were randomly selected and the initial data were obtained through Heremans' job motivation questionnaire and Kanungo' job involvement questionnaire. Finally, 54 teachers with low motivation and occupational attachment Were selected. In order to assess the dependent variable variation among the groups, t-test was used to evaluate the dependent variable between the groups. Independent t-test and covariance analysis were used to evaluate the effect of job incentive period on job involvement. The results show that the participants in the workshop has a significant effect on increasing job motivation and job involvement of the experimental group. After six months of the workshop, the effect of job motivation on teachers' job satisfaction over the course of time has a well-established. Manuscript profile

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210 - Examine the effect of scientific optimism and organizational-citizenship behavior (OCB) and the mediating role of organizational commitment on the job motivation of high school teachers (Ramhormoz)
abdallah mackvandi frah naderi behnam makvandi Reza Pasha parvin Ehtesham zadeh

The aim of this study was to present to examine effect of scientific optimism and organizational citizenship behavior and the mediating role of organizational commitment on the job motivation of teachers.The statical population of this study consists of all high school More

The aim of this study was to present to examine effect of scientific optimism and organizational citizenship behavior and the mediating role of organizational commitment on the job motivation of teachers.The statical population of this study consists of all high school teacher in Ramhormozcity in the acadaemic year of 2016-2017. Their number is 701. The sample was 250 (125female and 125 male) teachers,using the Korgesi and Morgan's tables were selected and they selected by stratified random sampling method, in the academic year of 2016-2017. The study was applied and research method was correlation using structural equations.The measurement tools used were Herzberg Job Motivation Questionnaire(1966),Hoy Scientific Optimism Questionnaire(2005),Oregon and Kanovsky(1996) OCB Questionnaire(1996),and Allen and Meyer(1990) Organizational Commitment Questionnaire.The data were analyzed using SPSS and Amos18 software and Coefficients and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis.The findings in the direct paths of the model indicated significant positive direct effect of scientific optimism on emotional commitment, significant positive direct effect of citizenship behavior on different aspects of organizational commitment (emotional and normative), significant direct effect of scientific optimism and organizational citizenship behavior on teachers' motivation, positive direct effect of emotional commitment and significant negative direct effect of continuous commitment on job motivation.Also in the intermediary path of the model,scientific optimism had positive indirect effects on job motivation, through emotional and normative commitment. Citizenship-organizational behavior had positive indirect and negative indirect effects on job motivation, respectively through emotional and normative commitment and a good fit analysis was created for the final model Manuscript profile

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211 - Communication Skills of Agricultural Sciences University Teachers in Iran
Ebrahim Ezzati Larsari

10.5455/ijamd.158460

This study concerns determining the factors that may influence the communication skill of those university teachers involved in the field of agricultural sciences in Iran. Accordingly, based on a cross-sectional survey method, a conceptual model of communication skill h More

This study concerns determining the factors that may influence the communication skill of those university teachers involved in the field of agricultural sciences in Iran. Accordingly, based on a cross-sectional survey method, a conceptual model of communication skill has been devised through reviewing the related literature. Next, the model was revised by the expert panel of the study into a seven-factor model with 58 variables. Then, this revised model was transformed into a questionnaire. Once the expert panel studied, revised and at last confirmed the questionnaire, it was submitted to the subjects, around 234 university teachers of agricultural sciences selected randomly from some main universities in Iran. In order to run Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA), the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16.00). Consequently, EFA explained three factors such as naturalness, eloquentness and emotionalness as the main effectiveones on teaching agriculture in the universities of Iran. Finally, it is worth mentioning that naturalness comprised six variables, eloquentness was consisted of eight variables and emotionalness concerned three variables. Manuscript profile

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212 - Identifying the Components and Indicators of Effective Organizational Culture of Secondary Schools
Fatemeh Mahmudi Nader Shahamat Ebadoallah Ahmadi Moslem Salehi

10.30495/msds.2022.1947094.1021

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors, components and indicators of organizational culture of effective secondary schools in Bandar Abbas. The research is among the qualitative researches that were conducted using the qualitative case study metho More

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors, components and indicators of organizational culture of effective secondary schools in Bandar Abbas. The research is among the qualitative researches that were conducted using the qualitative case study method. The statistical population of the study consisted of three groups: the first group: and effective school principals (gifted, government sample, control) high school (first and second) in Bandar Abbas. The second group: teachers of these schools and the third group: students; A "targeted approach" was used to analyze the data with the "method of selecting key experts", and the "theoretical saturation criterion" was used; The research tool in the qualitative section was an open-ended interview form; The data obtained using Nvivo software were analyzed in the form of data foundation theory through content analysis and open, axial and selective coding; Validation of qualitative data was performed using verification and reliability techniques. The results indicate that the comprehensive content of the organizational culture factors of effective schools were classified as basic (78 themes) and organizing (7 themes and 7 dimensions). The components of organizational culture of effective schools are: 56 basic themes, 3 organizing themes: cultural elements, school, methods of culture transfer; So that the organizing themes were classified into 10 dimensions. Manuscript profile

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213 - The information literacy skills status of elementary teachers: A case study
Fereiddon Yazdani Seyedeh Mojgan Mousavi

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the information literacy skills status of elementary teachers in Kermanshah city, third region, Iran. Methodology: The method of research was descriptive (survey) and statistical population of it included all elementary More

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the information literacy skills status of elementary teachers in Kermanshah city, third region, Iran. Methodology: The method of research was descriptive (survey) and statistical population of it included all elementary teachers of Kermanshah city, in third region. The total number of those was 4695 people. For sampling of subjects, a cluster sampling method was used. On the basis of this method, the 150 subjects were selected. For gathering of dada, "the questionnaire of information literacy" of Yazdani (2012) was used. This questionnaire has made based on the Likert scale and in the five ranks. The component of scale (questionnaire) included 5 standard competency of ACRL. The questionnaire makes up from 30 items in the form of self-report statements. For data analysis, we used descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: The skills of teachers’ information literacy of Kermanshah was not desirable. In examining of individual components of teachers' information literacy, appeared that the literacy of teachers in components of evaluation and communication of information is low; and in components of searching and organizing of information is not appropriate; and finally in component of defining of informational needs, the skills of the teachers’ information literacy is good. Conclusion: There is a gap between teachers’ information literacy status quo and desirable situation. Manuscript profile

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214 - the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht
mehdi jafaryan

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht. The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational in terms of its applied purpose, qu More

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of short time skill training on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht. The research method used in this study is descriptive and correlational in terms of its applied purpose, quantitative in terms of data type, and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of this research includes all kindergarten teachers who participated in short time skill training courses in Minoudasht in 2022, and the number of trained teachers was about 132 people. Due to the limited statistical population, the entire population was used for the sample size, and then using a researcher-made questionnaire in three dimensions and 21 items based on a five-point Likert scale, and extracted items were questioned. In the descriptive statistics section, the description of the data is presented in two sections, background variables and main variables, and in the inferential statistics section, non-parametric Pearson correlation test, T test and regression were used to check the hypotheses. According to the research data, it can be said that short time skill training (perceptual skills, human skills and technical skills) has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral Competencies of kindergarten teachers in Minoudasht Manuscript profile

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215 - Investigating the effect of managers' accountability on job satisfaction of physical education teachers in Sistan region
سیدمحمد حسین حسینی روش حمید اکاتی

  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of managers' accountability on job satisfaction of physical education teachers in Sistan region. The research method of this research is descriptive and since it collects information about demographic chara More

  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of managers' accountability on job satisfaction of physical education teachers in Sistan region. The research method of this research is descriptive and since it collects information about demographic characteristics and describes the current situation, it is of a survey type and on the other hand, according to the objectives of the research, it measures the relationship between variables. It is of the correlation type. In categorizing research by purpose, this research falls into the category of applied research. The statistical population of this study includes all physical education teachers in Sistan region with 250 people. The statistical sample was determined by simple random sampling using Cochran's formula of 151 people. To collect the data, the standard questionnaires of responses of Bowens (2005) and job satisfaction of Herzberg (2007) were used. Finally, due to the normality of the data; The research hypotheses were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis by SPSS software version 23. The results of the hypotheses showed that accountability and its components (organizational accountability, professional accountability, legal accountability and political accountability) have a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Regression results showed that the response variable predicts about 59% of job satisfaction changes. Also, the components of accountability together predict about 43% of job satisfaction changes.  Manuscript profile

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216 - بررسی رابطه بین کارایی معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانش آموزان نوجوان و بهره وری
آزاده قربان زاده Seyyed Hassan Seyyedrezaei Behzad Ghonsooly Zari Sadat Seyyedrezaei

10.30495/ttlt.2023.699044

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی رابطه بین اثربخشی و بهره‌وری معلمان در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانش‌آموزان نوجوان پرداخته است. در این فرض، هشتاد معلم انگلیسی دبیرستان از 34 دبیرستان دولتی شهر مشهد از بین 100 معلم انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده ها از طریق دو اب More

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی رابطه بین اثربخشی و بهره‌وری معلمان در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانش‌آموزان نوجوان پرداخته است. در این فرض، هشتاد معلم انگلیسی دبیرستان از 34 دبیرستان دولتی شهر مشهد از بین 100 معلم انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده ها از طریق دو ابزار، پرسشنامه کارآمدی معلمان (Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk، 2001) و پرسشنامه بهره وری معلمان (Hersy & Goldsmith، 1980) جمع آوری شد. سپس داده ها با استفاده از همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون به سمت میانگین مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمون‌های همبستگی ارتباط مهمی را بین اثربخشی و بهره‌وری معلمان زبان انگلیسی نشان داد. علاوه بر این، تحلیل‌های رگرسیون ساده تأیید کرد که کارآمدی معلمان پیش‌بینی‌کننده قابل توجهی برای بهره‌وری آنها بود. در پرتو نتایج ارزیابی ادراک معلمان، سیاستگذاران و متخصصان ممکن است این گزینه را داشته باشند که شایستگی معلمان را با برنامه ریزی و تعیین مسیرهای حرفه ای آینده آنها و ارائه چشم اندازی روشن تر برای رشد و توسعه حرفه ای آنها پرورش دهند. Manuscript profile

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217 - تأثیر تجربه و اثربخشی معلمان زبان انگلیسی بر پیشرفت دانش‌آموزان زبان انگلیسی
Maryam Ghaffari Mohammad Javad Riasati Mohammad Bagheri

10.30495/ttlt.2023.696884

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر سال‌ها تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و تأثیر آن‌ها بر پیشرفت تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. بدین ترتیب، 70 مدرس زبان انگلیسی و 60 دانشجوی متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان انگلیسی در شیراز، استان فارس انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آو More

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر سال‌ها تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و تأثیر آن‌ها بر پیشرفت تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. بدین ترتیب، 70 مدرس زبان انگلیسی و 60 دانشجوی متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان انگلیسی در شیراز، استان فارس انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، آزمون تعیین سطح سریع آکسفورد، دموگرافیک و پرسشنامه اثربخشی معلم بود. نتایج با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، تحلیل فراوانی و آزمون تی مستقل و تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد که ادراک معلمان از اثربخشی با سال‌ها تجربه تدریس آنها مرتبط است. به نظر می رسد که معلمان با تجربه ی بالا در این مطالعه دریافتند که اثربخشی آنها بر پیشرفت دانش آموزان تأثیر مثبت دارد. علاوه بر این، امید است که این مطالعه بتواند مرور ادبیات عمیق تری را در دانشگاه در مورد تأثیر تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و اثربخشی آنها (مهارت های سازماندهی و ارتباطی، دانش آموزشی، مهارت های اجتماعی- عاطفی، مهارت زبان انگلیسی) بر موفقیت زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی بیافزاید. Manuscript profile

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218 - Emotional Feelings of Iranian Novice and Experienced EFL Teachers Toward Colleagues, Educational Staff, Professional Networks and Student's Progress
Masoud Hashemi Peyman Rajabi Abbas Bayat

The purpose of this article was to study the emotional feelings of Iranian novice and experienced EFL teachers. A group of 63 experienced and novice language teachers (33 men and 19 women) were selected by a purposeful sampling from the statistical population (77 people More

The purpose of this article was to study the emotional feelings of Iranian novice and experienced EFL teachers. A group of 63 experienced and novice language teachers (33 men and 19 women) were selected by a purposeful sampling from the statistical population (77 people). The Persian version of the TES questionnaire was used to measure the emotional feelings of the participants toward their professional lives. About 80% of the novice teachers reported having the first stage of emotional feeling: fantasy. They described various fantasies about their students, the parents, and the school staff and the pleasant or unpleasant environments they think they will have in their future classrooms. This stage (unrealistic positivism) seemed quite pleasing to them since students and their parents respected them for their hard work, and no one wanted to misbehave. Moreover, 79% of novice teachers reported experiencing the "survival" stage, in which they fought for their professional identity and a sense of worth among students and colleagues, and 92 % reported a sense of failure when their students failed their classes. Manuscript profile

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219 - موردی از آموزش بازتابش گروهی: توسعه باور و عملکرد معلمان زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت ایرانی
سجاد فتحی احمد محسنی حسین رحمن پناه

10.30495/ttlt.2022.1959745.2122

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تأثیر اجرای آموزش بازتاب گروهی بر باورها و رشد عملکرد معلمان زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت ایرانی انجام می پردازد. از بین تمامی شرکت کنندگان موجود که در کالج بین الملل دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران در تهران تدریس می کردند، 20 معلم زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت در این مط More

مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تأثیر اجرای آموزش بازتاب گروهی بر باورها و رشد عملکرد معلمان زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت ایرانی انجام می پردازد. از بین تمامی شرکت کنندگان موجود که در کالج بین الملل دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران در تهران تدریس می کردند، 20 معلم زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت در این مطالعه شرکت داشتند. همه شرکت کنندگان دارای مدرک کارشناسی ارشد رشته آموزش زبان انگلیسی بودند. پرسشنامه باور معلم، چک لیست مشاهده و اپلیکیشن اسکایپ به عنوان ابزار جمع آوری داده ها در این پژوهش استفاده شد. قبل از مرحله آموزش، پیش آزمون (چک لیست مشاهده) اجرا شد و عملکرد تدریس قبل از این دوره آموزشی معلمان، توسط سرپرست متخصص (یکی از پژوهشگران) ارزیابی و ثبت شد. همچنین برای ارزیابی باور معلمان در مورد اثربخشی عملکرد تدریس، از پرسشنامه باور معلم برای کلیه شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش استفاده شد. محققان از اپلیکیشن اسکایپ برای آموزش شرکت کنندگان در یک محیط آنلاین استفاده کردند. در طول مرحله آموزش، شرکت کنندگان در معرض تمرین بازتاب گروهی قرار گرفتند. آموزش در 16 جلسه دو مرتبه در هفته به مدت دو ماه انجام شد. پس از مرحله آموزش، پس آزمون (چک لیست مشاهده) اجرا شد و عملکرد تدریس معلمان مجدداً ارزیابی و ثبت شد. همچنین از پرسشنامه باور معلم به عنوان پس آزمون استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که اجرای اصول آموزش بازتاب گروهی تأثیر آماری معناداری بر باور معلمان زبان انگلیسی ضمن خدمت ایرانی در مورد اثربخشی تمرین و توسعه عملکرد تدریس دارد. یافته های مطالعه حاضر دارای کاربردهایی است که ممکن است به معلمان زبان انگلیسی، دانش آموزان، زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی، سیاست گذاران برنامه درسی زبان و طراحان برنامه درسی کمک کند. Manuscript profile

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220 - مقایسه سواد ارزیابی زبان و چالش های معلمان ایرانی زبان خارجی انگلیسی: با پیش زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی و بدون پیش زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی
kaveh Jalilzadeh Sayyed Mohammad Alavi Masood Siyyari

10.30495/ttlt.2022.696885

پژوهش حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی سواد ارزشیابی زبان در بین معلمان زبان خارجی انگلیسی در بافت ایرانی با هدف بررسی دلایل و مفاهیم سواد ارزیابی برای اصلاح آموزش معلمان زبان خارجی انگلیسی بود. بدین منظور 20 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی در موسسات زبان ایران (موسسه های بیان، آزمون، More

پژوهش حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی سواد ارزشیابی زبان در بین معلمان زبان خارجی انگلیسی در بافت ایرانی با هدف بررسی دلایل و مفاهیم سواد ارزیابی برای اصلاح آموزش معلمان زبان خارجی انگلیسی بود. بدین منظور 20 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی در موسسات زبان ایران (موسسه های بیان، آزمون، زبان سرا و معرفت) به صورت تصادفی برای مصاحبه عمقی نیمه ساختاریافته انتخاب شدند. مصاحبه ها بر روی یک دستگاه ضبط صوت دیجیتال (DVR) ضبط و رونویسی، دسته بندی و تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که معلمان ایرانی با مولفه های سواد ارزیابی آشنایی نسبی داشتند. به همین ترتیب، مشخص شد که معلمان تازه کار با پیشینه تدریس زبان خارجی انگلیسی، از آگاهی بیشتری در ارتباط با سواد ارزشیابی و اهمیت آن در آموزش معلمان برخوردار بودند. با این حال، از نظر سایر مؤلفه‌های ارزشیابی مانند اجرای آزمون، انتخاب بهترین روش‌های ارزشیابی، و اطلاع رسانی نتایج ارزیابی، معلمان با تجربه با پیشینه آموزش زبان خارجی انگلیسی، مفاهیم اصلی را در مقایسه با همتایان خود در گروه غیر آموزش زبان خارجی انگلیسی ارائه نمودند که نشان می‌دهد معلمان با پیشینه تدریس زبان خارجی انگلیسی می توانند مؤلفه های سواد ارزیابی معلم فوق الذکر را بهتر از همتایان فاقد پیشینه آموزش زبان خارجی انگلیسی خود، درک نمایند. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که سواد معلمان مؤسسه زبان خارجی انگلیسی در ارزشیابی آموزشی، به‌ ویژه در انتقال نتایج ارزیابی به دیگران و نمره‌دهی معتبر ارزشیابی زبان‌آموز، ناکافی است Manuscript profile

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221 - بررسی رابطه ی متقابل نوازش، سختگیری و موفقیت معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی از دیدگاه معلمان زبان انگلیسی: یک مطالعه ترکیبی
Reza Afsharpour Ghasem Barani Seyyed Hassan Seyyed Rezaei Zari Sadat Seyyedrezaei

10.30495/ttlt.2024.706672

این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی نقش نوازش و سختگیری در موفقیت معلمان از دیدگاه معلمان زن و مرد ایرانی زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. این مطالعه از یک رویکرد ترکیبی توضیحی متوالی استفاده کرد. در پژوهش حاضر، 420 معلم زبان انگلیسی، 200 مرد و 220 زن، شرکت کردند. مدرسین دوره های زبان More

این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی نقش نوازش و سختگیری در موفقیت معلمان از دیدگاه معلمان زن و مرد ایرانی زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. این مطالعه از یک رویکرد ترکیبی توضیحی متوالی استفاده کرد. در پژوهش حاضر، 420 معلم زبان انگلیسی، 200 مرد و 220 زن، شرکت کردند. مدرسین دوره های زبان انگلیسی را در موسسات مختلف زبان در استان های تهران و البرز در ایران تدریس می کردند. روش انتخاب نمونه، نمونه گیری در دسترس بود. داده‌ها از سه منطقه آموزشی منطبق بر اقشار ضعیف، متوسط و بالا در استان‌های تهران و البرز جمع‌آوری شده است. برای جمع آوری داده های کمی از سه پرسشنامه استفاده شد. حدود 15 تا 20 دقیقه طول کشید تا شرکت کنندگان هر پرسشنامه را تکمیل کنند. داده ها در طول چهار ماه جمع آوری شد. پس از جمع آوری داده های کمی، مرحله کیفی انجام شد. از نمونه پژوهش، 50 معلم زبان انگلیسی (25 مرد و 25 زن) با پژوهشگر نوازش و سختگیری معلم مصاحبه شدند. روابط متغیرهای مورد نظر با استفاده از فرمول همبستگی پیرسون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کیفی از تحلیل موضوعی (TA) استفاده شد. یافته ها نشان داد که بین موفقیت معلمان زن و مرد و نوازش و همچنین بین موفقیت و سختگیری معلمان زن و مرد رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین یافته های کیفی نشان داد که معلمان زن و مرد نسبت به سختگیری و نوازش به عنوان رفتارهای معلم در کلاس که مکمل یافته های کمی هستند، دیدگاه مثبتی اتخاذ کرده اند. در پایان مقاله، کاربردهای آموزشی یافته های پژوهش ارائه شد. Manuscript profile

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222 - چالش های پیش روی معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدارس ایران و آموزش آنها
Farhad Kariminasab Shaban Najafi Karimi Amir Marzban

10.30495/ttlt.2023.703264

این پژوهش به بررسی چالش‌های پیش روی معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدارس ایران و آموزش آنها می پردازد. تحقیق بر‌‌‌‌ر‌وی نمونه‌ای متشکل از 728 معلم زبان انگلیسی دوره اول و دوم متوسطه در 32 استان ایران انجام شد. یک روش نظرسنجی، شامل پرسشنامه‌های خودگزارش‌دهی که به صورت الکترونیکی More

این پژوهش به بررسی چالش‌های پیش روی معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدارس ایران و آموزش آنها می پردازد. تحقیق بر‌‌‌‌ر‌وی نمونه‌ای متشکل از 728 معلم زبان انگلیسی دوره اول و دوم متوسطه در 32 استان ایران انجام شد. یک روش نظرسنجی، شامل پرسشنامه‌های خودگزارش‌دهی که به صورت الکترونیکی از طریق اینترنت توزیع شده بود، اتخاذ شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که به نظر می رسد بزرگترین چالش پیش روی معلمان زبان انگلیسی تدریس به دانش آموزانی در سطح‌های مختلف، مدیریت نظم رفتاری آنها ، انتخاب مواد و فعالیت‌های مناسب و ارتباط با دانش آموزان می‌باشد. حدود یک سوم از این پاسخ دهندگان، قبل از jتدریس به دانش آموزان، هیچگونه آموزش پیش از خدمتی در زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی نداشتند. به نظر می رسد که این موضوع با عدم حمایت و آموزش ضمن خدمت تشدید شده است، سه چهارم معلمان هیچ آموزش ضمن خدمتی ندیده‌اند. تقریباً نیمی از افراد مورد بررسی دوره آزمایشی نداشتند. علاوه بر این، از چهار پنجم آنها در اولین سال تدریس هیچ حمایتی نشده است. به طور کلی، بسیاری از معلمان احساس می کردند که آمادگی خوبی برای تدریس ندارند. یافته‌های این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که برنامه‌های آموزشی و توسعه معلمان فعلی باید اصلاح گردیده و توصیه‌هایی برای غلبه بر این چالش‌ها ارائه داده است. Manuscript profile

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223 - اعتقادات معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی در موسسات و دانشگاه های زبان انگلیسی ایران
Mojtaba Moradi Rahman Sahragard Seyyed Ayatollah Razmjoo

10.30495/ttlt.2023.705433

این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه باورهای اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در موسسات و دانشگاه‌های زبان انگلیسی ایران انجام شد. برای دستیابی به هدف پژوهش از طرح های پژوهشی کیفی و کمی استفاده شد. از اینرو در ابتدا حدود 40 معلم زبان انگلیسی شاغل در موسسات و دانشگاه های استان فارس(20 مرد More

این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه باورهای اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در موسسات و دانشگاه‌های زبان انگلیسی ایران انجام شد. برای دستیابی به هدف پژوهش از طرح های پژوهشی کیفی و کمی استفاده شد. از اینرو در ابتدا حدود 40 معلم زبان انگلیسی شاغل در موسسات و دانشگاه های استان فارس(20 مرد و 20 زن) برای انجام یک مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند تا با استفاده از روش تئوری زمینه ای مورد بررسی قرار گیرند. پس از کدگذاری داده های به دست آمده از مصاحبه ها، مقوله هایی شناسایی و مدلی طراحی شد. پایایی پرسشنامه از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بالای 70/0 محاسبه و در تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نیز از آزمون t مستقل، استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین باورهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه ها و مؤسسات تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد و اساتید دانشگاه ازسطح باور بالاتری نسبت به معلمین مؤسسه برخوردار هستند(05/0≥P). لذا نتایج حاصله وجود تأثیرات اجتماعی، مشارکتی، عاطفی و مدیریتی را تأیید می نماید. ضمنا مشخص شد که باورمعلمان زن و مرد زبان انگلیسی نیز متفاوت بوده و تفاوت معناداری با یکدیگر داشته و معلمان زن نیز دارای سطوح باوری بالاتری نسبت به معلمان مرد هستند (05/0≥P). به نظر میرسد ارزیابی باورهای معلمین زبان انگلیسی با تاکید بر تفاوت های جنسیتی شان می تواند در موثر بودن آموزش زبان انگلیسی و درک صحیح رابطه متقابل بین معلم و دانش آموز و تقویت آن موثر باشد. Manuscript profile

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224 - The Role of Self-Efficacy Instruction in EFL Teachers’ Professional Development: A Mixed-Method Study
Mohammad Mohammadi Mohammad Hossein Yousefi Asghar Salimi

The aim of the present mixed-method study is investigating the role of SE instruction in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ PD. To do so, 30 EFL teachers and 150 of their students in different high schools in Zanjan, Iran were selected as the participan More

The aim of the present mixed-method study is investigating the role of SE instruction in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ PD. To do so, 30 EFL teachers and 150 of their students in different high schools in Zanjan, Iran were selected as the participants of the study. The convenience (availability) sampling procedure was used to select the participants. The students were asked to fill out the the teachers’ PD survey, and the questionnaire of SE was filled out by the teachers as the pretest. Then, the teachers received in-service training for SE with a specified syllabus. At the end of the training period, which lasted 5 sessions in a 1.5-month course, the students completed the teachers’ PD survey, and the teachers filled out the SE questionnaire again as the posttest. To analyze the results of the questionnaires as the quantitative data, a paired-samples t-test was employed. In the qualitative phase, an in-depth interview was held with the 30 teachers concerning their ideas towards the effects of SE instruction on their PD, and the collected data was analyzed through content analysis technique. The findings of the study revealed that the EFL teachers’ SE significantly affected their PD based on the results of the questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Manuscript profile

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225 - دیدگاه معلمین ایرانی آِیلتس و تافل آی بی تی درباره ساختار بخش های ادراکی و تولیدی این دو آزمون از منظر اصول ارزیابی پویا و ایستا
Arezoo Daneshvar Mohammad Bagheri فیروز صدیقی Lotfollah Yarmohammadi Mortaza Yamini

10.30495/ttlt.2020.679016

روشارزیابی پویا یک روش جدید است که در آن قابلیت یادگیری افراد از طریق ارایه بازخورد ارزیابی می شود. این شیوه ارزیابی تاکنون در آزمونهای مهم بین المللی مورد تحقیق چندانی قرار نگرفته است. هدف تحقیق حاضرکه با روش ترکیبی متوالی صورت گرفته ⸲ بررسی دیدگاه معلمین ایرانی آیلتس More

روشارزیابی پویا یک روش جدید است که در آن قابلیت یادگیری افراد از طریق ارایه بازخورد ارزیابی می شود. این شیوه ارزیابی تاکنون در آزمونهای مهم بین المللی مورد تحقیق چندانی قرار نگرفته است. هدف تحقیق حاضرکه با روش ترکیبی متوالی صورت گرفته ⸲ بررسی دیدگاه معلمین ایرانی آیلتس و تافل آی بی تی درباره ساختار بخش های ادراکی و تولیدی این دو آزمون از منظر ارزیابی پویا و ایستاست. همچنین⸲ این تحقیق به بررسی میزان تطبیق بخش های ادراکی و تولیدی آزمون آیلتس و تافل آی بی تی ، با استانداردهای ارزیابی پویا و ایستا می پردازد. برای تحقق اهداف تحقیق⸲ در بخش کمی ،100 معلم آیلتس و تافل آی بی تی که اطلاعات کافی درباره این آزمونها داشتند و ازطریق روش گلوله برفی و هدفمند انتخاب شدند به دو پرسشنامه هشت سوالی تالیف محقق درباره ویژگیهای این آزمونها ، پاسخ دادند. برای اطمینان از صحت داده های کمی جمع آوری شده، 10 تن از اساتید مطلع آیلتس و تافل آی بی تی که به پرسشنامه پاسخ داده بودند مورد مصاحبه نیمه ساختاری قرارگرفتند. مصاحبه ها با بکار گیری چارچوب طبقه بندی ویژگیهای ارزیابی ایستا و پویا که توسط خود محقق گردآوری شده بود مورد تحلیل محتوایی قرار گرفت.نتایج کمی تحقیق با تایید نتایج کیفی نشان داد که آزمونهای آیلتس و تافل آی بی تی عمدتا مطابق با اصول ارزیابی ایستا هستند. اما، برخی ویژگیهای ارزیابی پویا نیز درهر دو آزمون وجود دارد. یافته های این تحقیق دربردارنده برخی مفاهیم ضمنی آموزشی است که تبیین شده است.   Manuscript profile

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226 - An investigation into the relationship between EFL teachers’ and students’ multiple intelligences and teaching styles
Yoones Taase Adnan Satariyan Bronwyn Reynolds Hamid Salimi Ahmad Mohseni

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227 - اندازه گیری هویت ارزیابی معلمان زبان انگلیسی ساخت و اعتباریابی پرسشنامه هویت ارزیابی معلمان
Qotboddin Jan-nesar Moqaddam Hossein Khodabakhshzadeh Khalil Motallebzadeh Gholam Hassan Khajavy

10.30495/ttlt.2021.679444

مقاله حاضر گزارشی است از مرحله دوم یک پژوهش اکتشافی ترکیبی, که با هدف تهیه و اعتبارسنجی پرسشنامه هویت ارزیابی معلمان زبان انگلیسی بر اساس ابعاد و عوامل موجود در قسمت اول این پژوهش انجام شده است. فاکتورهای استخراج شده از مصاحبه به همراه چارچوب نظری ، پایه و اساس ایجاد مج More

مقاله حاضر گزارشی است از مرحله دوم یک پژوهش اکتشافی ترکیبی, که با هدف تهیه و اعتبارسنجی پرسشنامه هویت ارزیابی معلمان زبان انگلیسی بر اساس ابعاد و عوامل موجود در قسمت اول این پژوهش انجام شده است. فاکتورهای استخراج شده از مصاحبه به همراه چارچوب نظری ، پایه و اساس ایجاد مجموعه ای از اقلام را تشکیل دادند که بعداً مبنای  46 سوال پرسشنامه قرار گرفت . پیش نویس اولیه پرسشنامه بر اساس اظهارات کارشناسان و استادان حیطه ی سنجش و ارزیابی و اصلاح و بازنویسی شد. سپس پرسشنامه طراحی شده بین 384 معلم زبان انگلیسی توزیع شد. نرمال بودن و پایایی داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روایی ساختاری مقیاس طراحی شده ، از طریق CFA با AMOS 24 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل آماری نشان داد که پرسشنامه هویت ارزیابی از مدل-داده مناسب برخوردار است ،  تحلیل عاملی و مقادیر پایایی آن در سطح مطلوبی است. نتیجه این که پرسشنامه ی حاضر (متشکل از سه بعد: هویت ارزیابی، گرایشهای ارزیابی وعوامل محیطی) می تواند به عنوان یک مقیاس معتبر و قابل اعتماد برای ارزیابی  هویت ارزیابی معلمان به کار گرفته شود. در انتها، کاربردهای مختلف مطالعه مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.    Manuscript profile

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228 - Addressing the Dilemma in ESP Teaching: The English Language Teacher or the Subject-matter Specialist?
Masoud Zoghi Shohreh Farsi

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229 - تأثیر تجربه و اثربخشی معلمان زبان انگلیسی بر پیشرفت دانش‌آموزان زبان انگلیسی
Maryam Ghaffari Mohammad Javad Riasati Mohammad Bagheri

10.30495/ttlt.2024.709391

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر سال‌ها تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و تأثیر آن‌ها بر پیشرفت تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است.  بدین ترتیب، 70 مدرس زبان انگلیسی و 60 دانشجوی متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان انگلیسی در شیراز، استان فارس انتخاب شدند.  More

این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر سال‌ها تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و تأثیر آن‌ها بر پیشرفت تحصیلی زبان‌آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است.  بدین ترتیب، 70 مدرس زبان انگلیسی و 60 دانشجوی متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان انگلیسی در شیراز، استان فارس انتخاب شدند.  ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، آزمون تعیین سطح سریع آکسفورد، دموگرافیک و پرسشنامه اثربخشی معلم بود.  نتایج با استفاده از آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه، تحلیل فراوانی و آزمون تی مستقل و تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.  یافته‌ها نشان داد که ادراک معلمان از اثربخشی با سال‌ها تجربه تدریس آنها مرتبط است.  به نظر می رسد که معلمان با تجربه ی بالا در این مطالعه دریافتند که اثربخشی آنها بر پیشرفت دانش آموزان تأثیر مثبت دارد.  علاوه بر این، امید است که این مطالعه بتواند مرور ادبیات عمیق تری را در دانشگاه در مورد تأثیر تجربه معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و اثربخشی آنها (مهارت های سازماندهی و ارتباطی، دانش آموزشی، مهارت های اجتماعی- عاطفی، مهارت زبان انگلیسی) بر موفقیت زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی بیافزاید. Manuscript profile

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230 - وضعیت مدرسان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه از دیدگاه آنها با توجه به مدل صلاحیت حرفه ای
شیوا مرزوقی حسین احمدی حمید رضا خلجی

10.30495/ttlt.2021.682811

این مطالعه با کمک روش ترکیبی ، با بررسی یک مدل ، صلاحیت های حرفه ای مورد نیاز مدرسان زبان انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجه  را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. برای تحقق  این اهداف ، نظریه گراندد تئوری (داده بنیاد) برای بررسی گفته ها، تجربیات و دغدغه های مدرسان متخصص و آگاه More

این مطالعه با کمک روش ترکیبی ، با بررسی یک مدل ، صلاحیت های حرفه ای مورد نیاز مدرسان زبان انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجه  را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. برای تحقق  این اهداف ، نظریه گراندد تئوری (داده بنیاد) برای بررسی گفته ها، تجربیات و دغدغه های مدرسان متخصص و آگاه در حیطه تدریس زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه اتخاذ گردید . بنابراین مصاحبه های نیمه ساختار یافته با ۲۱ نفر از متخصصان این امر که با نمونه گیری هدفمند گلوله برفی انتخاب شده بودند انجام شد  .به منظور تایید نتایج به دست آمده از مرحله کیفی و  بررسی وضعیت ابعاد صلاحیت های حرفه ای در میان مدرسان زبان انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجه ،  در مرحله کمی یک پرسشنامه ۱۰۳ سوالی براساس کد های استخراج شده از مصاحبه ها توسط محققین تدوین گردید و پس از اجراء آزمایشی، بر روی ۳۸۲ مدرس زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه که در دبیرستان ها و موسسات زبان انگلیسی در شهرهای مختلف ایران تدریس می کنند، اجرا گردید.  وضعیت سه بعد کشف شده در مرحله کیفی  در میان مدرسان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در مرحله کمی مطلوب نبود. در همین حال ، تجزیه و تحلیل عاملی در مورد ابعاد  صلاحیت های حرفه ای  در میان مدرسان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه ، سه عامل را با توجه به اولویت مشخص نمود: الف) صلاحیت نگرشی،  ب) صلاحیت مدیریتی و ج) صلاحیت زبانی. محققان به این نتیجه رسیدند که صلاحیت نگرشی به عنوان بیشترین ارزش در میان  سه بعد توسط مدرسان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در نظر گرفته می شود و صلاحیت زبانی نیز  زبانی دارای کمترین اولویت  است که این واقعیت را توجیه می کند که علیرغم اشتیاق و علاقه به تدریس ، این مدرسان فاقد صلاحیت زبانی کافی بوده و همچنین تمایل به بهبود آن ندارند.  بر این اساس ، محققان برخی شیوه ها را برای توسعه صلاحیت حرفه ای مدرسان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه پیشنهاد کردند و تأکید کردند که همه ابعاد ضروری است و مدرسان زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه باید ترکیبی متعادل از آنها را داشته باشند. Manuscript profile

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231 - The Study effect of problem solving skills training on self-efficacy and resiliency of preschool teachers of Tehran city
Zahra Mahmoudi Vesali ghodsi ahghar Morteza Samii Zafarqandi

The present study aims to Investigate the effectiveness teaching problem solving skills for self-efficacy and resilience of preschool teachers in Tehran has been performed. This research is a quasi-experimental project with a pre-test-post-test design with a control gro More

The present study aims to Investigate the effectiveness teaching problem solving skills for self-efficacy and resilience of preschool teachers in Tehran has been performed. This research is a quasi-experimental project with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population under study includes preschool teachers in the fifth district of Tehran in 1398. Bandura's self-efficacy questionnaire with 25 items, the self-efficacy variable, and Connor and Davidson's infertility questionnaire, including 25 questions that measure resilience variables, were used as assessment tools. In order to conduct this study, 40 preschool teachers who were purposefully selected and replaced in two experimental and control groups completed the questionnaire. Then, the members of the experimental group were trained in problem solving skills for 8 2-hour sessions and after the training, the test was performed on the trainers of both groups. In order to analyze the data and investigate the research questions, the univariate and correlation t-correlation analysis test was used. According to the research findings, the self-efficacy and resilience of educators who received problem-solving skills training is higher than those who did not receive problem-solving skills training. Also, the level of self-efficacy and resilience of these coaches has a good stability. Manuscript profile

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232 - Examining the relationship between academic optimism and growthProfessionalism of elementary school teachers in Chahar Borj city
Akbar Memarbashi

10.30495/jscc.2023.1975658.2068

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between academic optimism and professional growth of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. This research was applied research and was done with a descriptive method. The research community include More

The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between academic optimism and professional growth of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. This research was applied research and was done with a descriptive method. The research community included all primary school teachers of Chaharborj city, numbering 284 people (110 women and 174 men). The sample was randomly stratified using Cochran's formula in the number of 163 people (64 women and 99 men). The data collection method was library and field. In order to collect information, in the first part, the academic optimism questionnaire made by Schenen Moran et al. (2013) and has 37 items was used to measure the academic optimism of teachers. In the second part, the 18-question standard questionnaire of teachers' professional development was used. Its validity and reliability (using Cronbach's alpha 76-80%) was confirmed by its designer. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the average and draw tables. To test the hypotheses, parametric inferential statistics (due to the normality of data distribution) and Pearson's correlation coefficient were usedAfter testing the hypotheses and analyzing the findings, the results showed that there is a relationship between academic emphasis, students' trust in their teachers, teacher efficiency and the professional development of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. Manuscript profile

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233 - Presenting the model of structural equations of factors affecting the effectiveness of the problem-based curriculum in the preschool period
halimeh mirarabrazy Hossein fakoorihajiar Kazem shariatnia Aliasghar bayani

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model of structural equations of factors affecting the effectiveness of the problem-based curriculum in the preschool period. The method of this study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of More

The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model of structural equations of factors affecting the effectiveness of the problem-based curriculum in the preschool period. The method of this study was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was made up of 30 experts in the field of preschool education and educational sciences, who were selected based on targeted and accessible sampling. In order to collect data, researcher-made questionnaires were used, whose validity was confirmed by academic experts and their reliability was also confirmed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient test. In order to analyze the data, structural equation technique was used using SmartPLS statistical software. Quantitative findings indicate that all the calculated variables, taking into account that the absolute value of the t statistic value for all relationships between variables is greater than the critical value of 1.96 and all the factor loadings in the standard state are greater than 0.3, therefore all Variables and relationships were confirmed. Based on the results of the research, the factors affecting the effectiveness of the problem-based curriculum in the preschool period lead to the improvement of the performance level of sustainable development categories in education. Manuscript profile

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234 - Investigating the Behavioral Differences of ADHD Students Compared to other Students from Teachers’Perspective (A Phenomenological Study)
Habibeh YahaghiRoudsari

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experiences of teachers in relation to the behavioral differences of hyperactive students compared to normal students in the classroom. For this purpose, a qualitative approach with narrative method of enquir More

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experiences of teachers in relation to the behavioral differences of hyperactive students compared to normal students in the classroom. For this purpose, a qualitative approach with narrative method of enquiry was used. The study population included all teachers with teaching experience for this purpose. Using purposive sampling method, 15 of the teachers were recruited and interviewed. The data collection procedure proceeded until theoretical saturation was reached. The data collection tool was unstructured interview and for data analysis, qualitative content analysis was employed. The results of data analysis indicated nine themes including aggressive, stubborn, decentralized, talkative, hyperactive, impatient, peevish, lonely, isolated and disorderly. The results of the present study suggested that there was a significant difference in the major behavioral components of hyperactive and normal students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

235 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Health Components on Global Citizen Training (Case of study: Primary School Teachers of Chalous)
Mohammed Mehdi Pourpasha Farzaneh Farzi Maryam Tavasolinezhad Mona Aliakbari

10.30495/jcdepr.2023.709133

Administrative health is an essential aspect to create a safe and healthy learning environment for students. By prioritizing administrative health, schools can help prepare students to become committed and responsible global citizens who are equipped to face future chal More

Administrative health is an essential aspect to create a safe and healthy learning environment for students. By prioritizing administrative health, schools can help prepare students to become committed and responsible global citizens who are equipped to face future challenges. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of administrative health components on global citizen education in primary schools of Chalous. The research method is descriptive-survey and statistical population of all first grade teachers of primary schools in Chalous. The size of the statistical population is 130 people. According to Morgan's Table, 97 people were selected as a sample via simple random method, and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The data collection tools included Hoy and Fidman's Organizational Health Questionnaire (1987), Keshavarz's Global Citizen Education Questionnaire (2013). The reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to measure the validity of the questionnaires. Data analysis was done using inferential statistics (regression) by using SPSS. The findings of the research indicated that the administrative health and its components at the administrative level include "manager's influence, consideration, construction, resource support", and the technical level components of "scientific spirit and emphasis" on education. Global citizens have a positive and significant impact. However, no positive and significant effect was found between the organizational level component (institutional unity) on global citizen training. The findings of the research indicate that the administrative health and its components at the administrative level include "manager's influence, consideration, construction, resource support", and the technical level components of "scientific spirit and emphasis" on education. Global citizens have a positive and significant impact. However, no positive and significant effect was found between the organizational level component (institutional unity) on global citizen training. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

236 - Investigating the Relationship between the Level of Teachers' Self-awareness and the Academic Achievement Motivation of First Secondary Students in Chalous
Zeynab Azimi farzaneh farzei

Teachers, experts and practitioners in the field of education have realized that the success of students in life is more than passing course units and acquiring academic knowledge and upgrading the degree. Education should also include social and emotional skills to ena More

Teachers, experts and practitioners in the field of education have realized that the success of students in life is more than passing course units and acquiring academic knowledge and upgrading the degree. Education should also include social and emotional skills to enable learners to effectively face the challenges ahead in life. Among the factors that predict the success of students to a large extent are socio-psychological abilities and competencies. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the level of self-awareness of teachers and the motivation for the academic progress of students of the first secondary school in Chalous in the academic year of 2018-2019. Based on Morgan's Table, 114 individuals were selected as the sample by using simple random sampling. In addition to descriptive statistics, inferential correlational statistics were used. The results showed that there is a a positive and significant correlation between teachers’ self-awareness and the academic progress of the first secondary students. Finally, it is suggested that different dimensions of teachers' self-awareness should receive the attention and emphasis of the officials. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

237 - First High School Female Teachers’ Lived Experience of Multicultural Education
Somayeh saebi Alireza assareh Narges Keshtiaray

10.30495/jcdepr.2023.709134

As its first goal, multicultural education aims to train individuals who not only appreciate their own culture but also respect other cultures and consider them as a factor contributing to the development of their culture. The present study aimed to investigate the fema More

As its first goal, multicultural education aims to train individuals who not only appreciate their own culture but also respect other cultures and consider them as a factor contributing to the development of their culture. The present study aimed to investigate the female teachers’ lived experience of multicultural education. The method used in this study was the qualitative approach and phenomenological method. The population consisted of all female teachers working in the city of Isfahan in the academic years 2020-2021. Using the purposeful sampling method, the population reached saturation with a sample size of 12. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews and were analyzed by MAXQDA 18. The results indicated six main themes: educational content, teaching method, strengthening relationships, environmental compatibility, diverse evaluation, and accepting multicultural education, which was obtained from 110 initial themes and categorization of the themes. The themes obtained from female teachers' experiences of multicultural education can be used as a model in the multicultural curriculum. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

238 - Veneration of Teachers: Designing a Model and Explanation through Grounded Theory
parisa abdipour ali maghool Moslem Ghobadian Fatemeh Jafarkhani

Venerating the status of teachers is a clear sign of the progress of any society and the rational quality of investment and budget allocation. The purpose of this study is to design a model to explain the position and dignity of the teacher. This research study was cond More

Venerating the status of teachers is a clear sign of the progress of any society and the rational quality of investment and budget allocation. The purpose of this study is to design a model to explain the position and dignity of the teacher. This research study was conducted with a qualitative approach. It has benefited from grounded theory strategy within the constructivist paradigm. The data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 16 people from among principals, professors, and experienced education experts in the city of Khorramabad who were selected using the snowball sampling technique. The process continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using the constant comparison method during three stages of open, axial and selective coding in MAXQDA software. The validity of the research was confirmed by the interviewees and the expert professors. To measure the reliability, the test-retest method was utilized (r= 79%). Finally, the paradigm model was explained. Findings showed that veneration of teachers in Khorramabad can be classified into five categories: causal conditions, contextual factors, strategies, intervening factors, national and international interactions, and consequences. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

239 - Identifying the Challenges of Physical Education Teachers in Online Class Management
Seyed Abbasali Abolghasemi

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

240 - The Relationship between Physical Activity and Job Burnout of Education Teachers in Mazandaran Province
Ali Asghar Barzegar Saeed Fazlifar

In this study purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between physical activity and job burnout of education teachers in Mazandaran province. The current research method is descriptive and correlational and field data collection and practical in terms More

In this study purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between physical activity and job burnout of education teachers in Mazandaran province. The current research method is descriptive and correlational and field data collection and practical in terms of using the results. The statistical population includes all non-physical education teachers in Mazandaran province, whose number is 39,243, and the statistical sample size of this research, based on Morgan's table, includes 384 education teachers in the province. In order to determine the validity and to ensure the feasibility of the questionnaires, we consulted with sports management professors and the reliability of the questionnaire of physical activity and analysis of job loss was reported as 0.74 and 0.83, respectively.The results of the research showed that there is a significant negative relationship between physical activity and emotional exhaustion, depersonalization in education teachers of Mazandaran province, and there is no significant relationship between physical activity and the sense of individual success of education teachers in Mazandaran province. Also, the variable of physical activity can be predicted. (22) is the percentage of the rate of attrition. Therefore, considering the importance of physical activity in physical and mental health, as a result, it is recommended to promote the culture of sports and regular physical activity to prevent inactivity and reduce teacher attrition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

241 - Explaining the Strategic Situation of Teachers Training in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad Province; using SWOT Analysis
mostafa bagherian mohamad javadipour marzie dehghani

The present research studies the strategic situation of teachers training in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province using SWOT analysis. The research method is descriptive-field ones. The population of the study included all teachers of primary schools in Kohgiluyeh and Bo More

The present research studies the strategic situation of teachers training in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province using SWOT analysis. The research method is descriptive-field ones. The population of the study included all teachers of primary schools in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province as being 5570 teachers in the educational year 2014-2015. 360 teachers were selected through multistep cluster random sampling based on Cochrane formula. SWOT analysis researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among them. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire and Cronbach alpha to determine the reliability (α=0.91). the data was analyzed through descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test, Freedman statistc test, external and internal factors evaluation matrix. The results showed that high levels of teachers' knowledge (strength), the lack of necessary financial resources to successfully do the plans (weakness), the existence of economical advocates and subsides to education by the state (opportunities), and teachers' personal and economic problems (threats) are the most important priorities of SWOT analysis. The results also showed that primary teachers training in Kohkiloye_Boyer Ahmad province places in WO situation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

242 - Identifying the Contextual Factors Influencing the Empowerment of Physical Education Teachers
horyeh shahzadeh abbas khodayari Mahvash Noorbakhsh ebrahim alidoust

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identifying the contextual factors influencing the empowerment of physical education teachers. The present study is practical in terms of intention, strategically descriptive and in terms of data collection method is a survey res More

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identifying the contextual factors influencing the empowerment of physical education teachers. The present study is practical in terms of intention, strategically descriptive and in terms of data collection method is a survey research that has been conducted in the field. Statistical community are professors, academics and education executives who were directly or indirectly related to physical education issues and had unique expertise and information in the field of sports management, physical education and empowerment courses. Also, physical education teachers of East Azerbaijan province are statistical samples, where in the section of experts were chosen with theoretical saturation method and in the section of physical education teachers, they were selected in the form of relative cluster from different regions and areas of East Azerbaijan province Education using Krejcie and Morgan table. Questionnaire and interview tools were used to collect information. Cronbach's alpha index was used to ensure the content and the structure validity of professors and experts in sports management and factor analysis. Data analysis was performed by using Smart PLS software and structural equation modeling method. The results of structural modeling while fitting the model showed that cultural factors, communication, technology and economic factors are the contextual factors affecting the empowerment of physical education teachers and among them, technology and communication have the greatest impact on the empowerment of physical education teachers.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

243 - The relationship between professional growth and organizational popularity with job performance
omid safari gholamreza safari sadegh ghodarzpor

The purpose of this research was

The purpose of this research was Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

244 - Designing and developing job fatigue scale for elementary school teachers
Shakib Lajmiri Leila Bahmaee Mohammadreza Taheri

The present research was conducted with the aim of designing and developing Job Fatigue Scale for Elementary school Teachers in 2024 employing both qualitative-quantitative data. In the qualitative phase, official documents and opinions from experts in this field were u More

The present research was conducted with the aim of designing and developing Job Fatigue Scale for Elementary school Teachers in 2024 employing both qualitative-quantitative data. In the qualitative phase, official documents and opinions from experts in this field were used to obtain the basic structure of the tool, and in the quantitative section, the basic structure of the tool was given to samples of three target communities in three stages to check the validity and reliability of the tool. The findings of the qualitative section showed 51 effective components in reducing job fatigue, based on which the initial pool was prepared with 81 items. The Holsti's coefficient of reliability was 0.864 and the results of the content validity investigation led to the removal of 29 items. Therefore, a 52-item questionnaire was formed based on the qualitative and quantitative data. Consequently, using factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient led to the removal of 7 items from the final form. Finally the structure of 45 items with 4 educational-psychological, psychological, behavioral-organizational and managerial-organizational factors was confirmed. Among the 4 factors affecting job fatigue, the educational-psychological factor took the first rank and then the psychological, behavioral-organizational and management-organizational factors took the second to fourth ranks respectively. In general, considering the validity and reliability of the developed model, it can be used to evaluate the level of job fatigue of primary school teachers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

245 - Comparing EFL Language Teachers and Students’ Perceptions of Teacher’s Interpersonal Behavior: A Case Study in an Online Iranian Context
Emad Omidpour Mohammad Bavali Fatemeh Behjat

Teachers’ interpersonal behavior and the way it is perceived are considered to be determining factors in the quality of any educational context. However, due to the lack of face-to-face interactions in an online context, this issue is under question. Since this phenomen More

Teachers’ interpersonal behavior and the way it is perceived are considered to be determining factors in the quality of any educational context. However, due to the lack of face-to-face interactions in an online context, this issue is under question. Since this phenomenon has not been studied in an online environment, the primary objective of the present case study was to explore how experienced EFL teachers and their students perceived teacher interpersonal behavior in online classes and the extent to which the two groups’ perceptions either converged or diverged in six selected online classes in Shiraz, Iran. The samples of the study were six EFL teachers and their respective 106 language students. To gather the data, The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) was administered to both groups to assess the eight scales of interpersonal behavior and dimensions. To analyze the data, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the two groups in terms of interpersonal behavior dimensions and scales. Accordingly, the results revealed that the EFL teachers and their students perceived the teachers to be moderately dominant and highly cooperative. There was a high level of convergence between the experienced teachers and their students’ perceptions of interpersonal behavior in terms of the Influence and Proximity dimensions. The Student Responsibility Freedom and Strict scales, however, were rated higher by teachers than their students. Following the findings, the present case study provides particular implications in the field of applied linguistics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

246 - The Effects of Age, Gender, and Experience on Grit, Anxiety, and Commitment of Kurdish EFL Secondary School Teachers
Bahroz Mawlood Jaleh Hassaskhah Hezha Abdallah

This mixed methods study examined the effects of three demographic variables, namely, grit, anxiety, and commitment, on Kurdish EFL teachers in Sulaimani Province secondary schools. To this end, using snowball purposive sampling, 73 Kurdish EFL secondary school teachers More

This mixed methods study examined the effects of three demographic variables, namely, grit, anxiety, and commitment, on Kurdish EFL teachers in Sulaimani Province secondary schools. To this end, using snowball purposive sampling, 73 Kurdish EFL secondary school teachers, 42 male and 31 female, aged between 22 and 50 with an experience range between 1 to 28 years, participated in the study and completed the questionnaire. Expanding the quantitative results, interviews with 10 participants were conducted to further the information and support the quantitative results. Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze the quantitative data, specifically, the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), independent sample t-test, and Pearson’s correlation. A thematic analysis was conducted for the collected interview data. The quantitative findings indicated that age, gender, and experience significantly affected Kurdish EFL secondary school teachers’ grit, anxiety, and commitment. Results of the qualitative data revealed that Kurdish EFL secondary school teachers consistently pursue their educational goals and show unwavering persistence in the face of challenges. They also handle their anxiety by compartmentalizing personal issues and controlling their impulses to maintain a positive teaching environment, reflecting their understanding of the importance of teaching and their interest in developing their students. Lastly, Kurdish EFL secondary school teachers exhibit high levels of commitment to both the educational community and institutional standards, even when challenges appear. The results of this study are beneficial for policymakers, English language teachers, and also EFL learners. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

247 - The relationship between spiritual leadership and psychological capital and quality of life of teachers in secondary zone 1 and 2 Shhr khramabad
افسانه تیموریان adel zahedbabolan ali khalegh mehdi moeinikia

the purpose of this study is investigation the relationship between Spiritual leadership and psychological capital with quality of working life teachers. This study’s methodology was kind of descriptive research and population of this research is all of high schoo More

the purpose of this study is investigation the relationship between Spiritual leadership and psychological capital with quality of working life teachers. This study’s methodology was kind of descriptive research and population of this research is all of high school teachers of the Khoram Abad’s region one and two up to 1114 population who were engaging in teaching in 2015- 2016 educational year that 285 people were selected by means of multi- step random sampling and through Kergisy and Morgan’s table. This study’s tool is three questionnaire include Feray Spiritual leadership questionnaire (2003),Lotanz questionnaire (2007) and Valton quality of life questionnaire (1973).Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and respectively Cronbach's alpha reliability through questionnaires spiritual leadership at 89%, Psychological capital questionnaires 85% and quality of working life questionnaire 87%. and quality of life questionnaire vary from 850 working 87/0. Descriptive statistic and inferential statistic includes single-group T-test, Pierson’s correlation coefficient test and multiple regressions were applied for data analysis. status’ results showed that was of spiritual leadership is above average, psychological capital and quality of working life was lower-than-average in teachers. Pierson’s correlation coefficient results showing the positive and significant relationship between Spiritual leadership and its dimensions with quality of working life teachers and also positive and significant relationship between psychological capital and its dimensions with quality of working life teachers. Spiritual leadership and psychological capital to significant variance explained in their quality of working life. psychological capital had a greater share in predicting quality of working life. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

248 - Providing a model for the professional development of mathematics teachers based on the brain training approach in the Iranian educational system
Saeedeh Shahsavani Maryam Baratali Narges Keshtiaray,

The aim of this study was to provide a model for the professional development of mathematics teachers based on the brain training approach in the Iranian educational system. This research is of qualitative type and is in the category of systematic reviews. To answer the More

The aim of this study was to provide a model for the professional development of mathematics teachers based on the brain training approach in the Iranian educational system. This research is of qualitative type and is in the category of systematic reviews. To answer the research question, the key findings of the texts were coded and then categorized. The method used for purposive sampling. Prism flowchart was used to select the best text. The result of this effort was 109 articles in the first phase of data collection. Finally, 29 articles were included as the final records in the research. The study of these texts resulted in the selection of key findings, their coding, and finally access to the categories that formed the dimensions of the model. The findings of the present study regarding the identification of the dimensions of the pattern of continuous professional development of mathematics teachers showed that the identified pattern is based on 9 dimensions. The dimensions of this model, in order of emphasis in previous studies, are the connection between neuroscience and mathematics education in the classroom with the help of neuroimaging, changing the method of teaching mathematics by understanding brain function when learning mathematics, students' academic achievement In mathematics with the help of adaptive learning, brain structure and mathematical processing, the role of working memory and attention control in mathematical progress, limitations of educational neuroscience research in its application in the field of mathematical education, the use of numerical processing in mathematical progress, comprehensive model Math processing and development of a brain-based training package to assist math teachers in teaching. Proper implementation of the continuous professional development model of mathematics teachers based on the brain training approach in the mathematics classroom can lead to significant differences and effectiveness in teachers' teaching, which has positive effects. Proper implementation of the continuous professional development model of mathematics teachers based on the brain training approach in the mathematics classroom can lead to significant differences and effectiveness in teachers' teaching, which has positive effects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

249 - The Relationship between Management knowledge and teacher Creativity in Elementary school of Varamin
Nahid Hajimohammadi Nader soleimani

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between knowledge Management and teacher creativity. The participants in this study were 248 teachers at Elementary schools in Varamin. Two instruments were used to collect data. The Creativity was measured by the More

The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between knowledge Management and teacher creativity. The participants in this study were 248 teachers at Elementary schools in Varamin. Two instruments were used to collect data. The Creativity was measured by the Rend sip   Inventory .The knowledge Management was measured by made-researcher Inventory. The data were analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation technique, and multiple regressions. The major findings were as follows: A positive relationship between knowledge Management and teacher creativity. A positive relationship was found between each of dimension knowledge management (production of knowledge, refinement of knowledge, application of knowledge, knowledge transfer), with creativity. A significantly positive multiple relationships were found between knowledge management    and creativity. There are not significantly distinguished knowledge management and creativity between republic Non-profit and shahed school   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

250 - Manager’s authentic leadership role in job attachment primary school teachers in Hamadan
siros ghanbari Elham pakizeh

Abstract    The present study investigates the role of authentic leadership manager’s job attachment primary school teachers in the city of Hamedan. The tool used to measure the authentic leadership of the questionnaire Olive et al. (2007) and to measure More

Abstract    The present study investigates the role of authentic leadership manager’s job attachment primary school teachers in the city of Hamedan. The tool used to measure the authentic leadership of the questionnaire Olive et al. (2007) and to measure job involvement Prshnamh Kanungu (1982) used statistical methods used Pearson correlation coefficient is regression. The results showed that the use of authentic leadership style among elementary school principals is higher than average.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

251 - Analyzing Teachers’ Morale in Primary Schools, Junior, and Senior High Schools of Abadeh
Marzieh Heidari Saeed Rejaeepour

Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the morale level of school teachers in Abadeh. Out of all the school teachers in this town, 200 were selected using stratifies random sampling. The data collection tool was Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire (P.T.O) More

Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to analyze the morale level of school teachers in Abadeh. Out of all the school teachers in this town, 200 were selected using stratifies random sampling. The data collection tool was Purdue Teacher Opinionnaire (P.T.O) designed by Bentley & Remple (1970). The results of the data analysis indicate that the teachers’ morale is high regarding communication, job satisfaction, cooperation, syllabus affairs, educational facilities, quantity of educational work, and parents’ pressure and is low in other aspects. Besides, the female teachers’ level of morale is higher than their male counterparts regarding all the aspects except quantity of educational work and parents’ pressure. Also, there are significant relationships between school teachers’ level of moral in different aspects like communication, quantity of educational work, syllabus affair, social status, social endorsement for ministry of education, and educational facilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

252 - Modeling of the Relationship Between the Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment by means of Job Satisfaction among Elementary School Teachers of Neyriz
Hojjat Eftekhari Ali Reza Bakhshayesh mehdi rahimi

The main purpose of this research was examination quality of work life with organization commitment with job satisfaction intermedation in Neyriz township primary school teachers. The research method was explanation-corelation and its aim type is applied research. The s More

The main purpose of this research was examination quality of work life with organization commitment with job satisfaction intermedation in Neyriz township primary school teachers. The research method was explanation-corelation and its aim type is applied research. The statiscal community of this research was all Neyriz township primary school teachers, About 304 people. The sample volume was assigned according to Kerjcie and Morgan, about 170 people. The sample was chosen by using cluster-random sampling method. In this research we used Richard Valtone quality of work life questionnaire (1973), Alen and Meyer organization commitment questionnaire (1990) and, Smith, Kendall, & Hulin job satisfaction questionnaire (1969). The reliability of the research equipments also was confirmed by cronbath alpha coefficient. In data inter pretation we used explanation statistical (average, standard deviation and so on) and deduction statistical (correlation test, regression and phat analysis) by using of Amous and SPSS soft wares.The results showed that there is a meaningful relation among quality of work life and its dimentions with organizational commitment and its dimentions, quality of work life and its dimentions with job satisfaction and its dimentions and job satisfaction and its dimentions with organizational commitment and its dimentions. The quality of work life is the positive predictor of and organizational commitment. And also, The job satisfaction is the positive predictor of organizational commitment. The research finding showd that the job satisfaction intecmedition role was contirmed between quality of work life and organizational commitment.  There fore, Quality of Work Lif development in the organizations can be a very important step in increasing the organizational commitment and job satisfaction.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

253 - The Relationship between Organizational Culture and Organizational Entrepreneurship Considering the Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing Among Elementary Teachers
mehdi moayenikiya Ramin gharibzadeh ali aghaei alireza porghasem

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and organizational entrepreneurship by considering the role of mediator of knowledge sharing among elementary teachers. The implementation of this research is descriptive (non-e More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between organizational culture and organizational entrepreneurship by considering the role of mediator of knowledge sharing among elementary teachers. The implementation of this research is descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design is a correlation between the structural equation modeling method and the statistical population consists of all primary school teachers in Amlash city (500 people). The sample size is 230 people by the Morgan table. Calculated and selected by sampling. easurement tools consisted of Organizational Culture Questionnaire (Queen & Garter, 1991), Barringer & Bellederen Entrepreneurship Questionnaire (1999) and Knowledge Sharing Questionnaire (Wang et al., 2008). Pearson Correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (LISREL) were used to analyze the data and fit the model with fitness indexes. The most significant findings indicate that there is a positive and significant correlation between organizational culture, organizational entrepreneurship and knowledge sharing. From correlation analysis between exogenous and endogenous variables, it can be concluded that the increase in organizational culture leads to an increase in organizational entrepreneurship scores and knowledge sharing. In addition, the increase in knowledge sharing is accompanied by an increase in organizational entrepreneurship scores. Finally, the model of structural equations shows that knowledge sharing interacts organizational corporate culture with organizational culture. At the end of the application, the recommendations are presented in order to achieve the results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

254 - Predicting Teachers' Job Performance Based on Walton's Quality of Work Life Model
sharifeh arabfaizabadi samad karimzadeh hasan shahrakipoor naser nastizaei

This study aimed to assess the relationship between job performance with the components of quality of work life (suggested model by Walton) among primary school teachers in Zahedan. The research method was descriptive and of correlation type 338 primary school teachers More

This study aimed to assess the relationship between job performance with the components of quality of work life (suggested model by Walton) among primary school teachers in Zahedan. The research method was descriptive and of correlation type 338 primary school teachers in Zahedan were selected through Simple Random Sampling model. For the collecting data, the Walton's quality of work life and Paterson's job performance questionnaires were used. The data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and Regression analysis through Spss21 software. The findings showed that there was a significant relationship between the quality of work life (p<0/01) and its components with job performance. Multiple regression findings also showed that all components of quality of work life except for proper opportunity (p<0/05) promotion, and costal security, can predict teachers’ job performance. According to the findings, Managers can plan and implement appropriate strategies to promote teachers' quality of work life and provide the required conditions for promotions the quality and efficient of the services Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

255 - Comparing of teacher's job satisfaction based on principal’s educational power bases in primary schools of Tabriz district 4 in the school year 94-95.
Majid M. Ahmadlu Somayeh Rostami

Abstract This study compares the primary teachers' job satisfaction District 4 Tabriz based on power bases deals with school principals. In terms of purpose, applied research, in terms of research methods, descriptive survey, and the method of data collection is field. More

Abstract This study compares the primary teachers' job satisfaction District 4 Tabriz based on power bases deals with school principals. In terms of purpose, applied research, in terms of research methods, descriptive survey, and the method of data collection is field. The statistical population included all primary teachers Department of Education District 4 Tabriz is 701 the number of persons. To determine the sample size, Morgan table was used that was equal to 248 and for the selection of respondents, the simple random sampling method was used. Of the 248 questionnaires distributed, 239 were returned completed questionnaires and analysis was performed based on them. To collect the required data, Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire and hinkin and schriesheim power bases questionnaire were used. SPSS software for data analysis and one-way analysis of variance was used. The result show that job satisfaction average of teachers is different based on school principal’s different bases of power. LSD test results showed that the mean difference in job satisfaction rewarded with an average job satisfaction based on expert power source is different. The average job satisfaction based on coercion power supply with power supplies and specialized law differently. Average job satisfaction, according to a power law with an average job satisfaction based on source power supply authority is different but not different with other sources. The result is another clear difference of job satisfaction based on power supply authority and expertise Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

256 - The Role of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life in teachers’s self-efficacy
Siros ghanbari madineh hemati

The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life on teachers self-efficacy of elementary schools in Hamedan city in 1393. Using relative stratified random sampling and based on kerjci and Morgan table 310 teachers More

The aim of present study is to investigate the effect of spiritual intelligence and quality of work life on teachers self-efficacy of elementary schools in Hamedan city in 1393. Using relative stratified random sampling and based on kerjci and Morgan table 310 teachers selected. For data collection standard questionnaires of spiritual intelligence quality of work life, and teachers self- efficacy were used. For data analysis pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The results showed that spiritual intelligence and teachers self-efficiency of elementary schools were above the average(3) as well as their  quality of working life was average(3). Between spiritual intelligence and teachers self- efficacy there was significantly positive relationship. As were as between quality of work life and teachers self –efficacy. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that using spiritual intelligence, quality of work life teachers we can predict teachers self-efficiency. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

257 - The Study and Analysis of Elementary School Teachers' Explaining
Kamran Gaji Rasool Kord Noghabi Rozita Zabih

Abstract The aim of present study was collecting and analyzing elementary school teachers' oral questions in Sama schools of Islamic Azad University in district five. For this purpose the teaching processes of 32 teachers (20 women and 12 men) in four grades (grades two More

Abstract The aim of present study was collecting and analyzing elementary school teachers' oral questions in Sama schools of Islamic Azad University in district five. For this purpose the teaching processes of 32 teachers (20 women and 12 men) in four grades (grades two, three, four and five) in five cities were recorded by means of MP3 player. The recordings included the subjects of Persian, Mathematics and Science for ten sessions. Inverse questionnaire and rating scale were used for extraction of collected information. Data were analyzed by descriptive methods and chi square test. The result of the analysis of 960 sessions and 11617 explains with reverse questionnaire and rating scale shows that: The relation between grades of education and the reason of explaining was statistically significant. Also the relation between reason of explaining and types of subjects and explaining approach and grades of education were significant. Teachers prefer to explain concept training, goals and targets, outcomes, cause and effect, process and methods. Teachers, using the modern and complex approach of explaining by increasing the grades of education. The weakness points of teachers in explaining were include: clarity of introduction, suitable sentences structure, enough concrete examples, suitable silences, giving direction verbal clues, using suitable material and educational media, clarity of explaining approach, gradually summarizing subjects, changing the speed of talking or level of subject, and review of students ‘participate in arguments. Due to the importance of explaining, more attention should be paid to this subject in teacher training and in –service training courses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

258 - Methods to Encourage Teachers in the Damavand’s Secondary Schools to Use Lesson Plan
Reza Nahavandi Kobra Lashgari Alireza Talkhabi Alishah

  Abstract: This research is done to investigate the teachers’ encouraging methods to use lesson plans in junior high school in Damavand town. Based on the related theoretical principles found in the literature, a list of factors which could have any influenc More

  Abstract: This research is done to investigate the teachers’ encouraging methods to use lesson plans in junior high school in Damavand town. Based on the related theoretical principles found in the literature, a list of factors which could have any influence on teachers’ encouragement to use lesson plan was identified. Then a questionnaire was constructed to collect the 165 secondary school teachers’ attitudes towards the use of lesson plan in the class. The obtained data were analyzed using one sample t test, independent t test, and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that unawareness of how to prepare lesson plan, unawareness of lesson plan benefits, lack of time, the length and kind of lessons, passing training classes, and managers’ reactions have important roles in the use of lesson plans by teachers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

259 - the relationship between participation in sports with the desire for violence in the workplace in teachers
Fatemeh Parvizi omran BAhram Saleh niya

This research has been undertaken to examine the relationship between participation in sports with the desire for violence in the workplace in teachers. The purpose of this study is applied to applied research. Due to the fact that in this research, library study method More

This research has been undertaken to examine the relationship between participation in sports with the desire for violence in the workplace in teachers. The purpose of this study is applied to applied research. Due to the fact that in this research, library study method and field method such as questionnaire, it can be stated that the present study is based on the nature and method of a descriptive-survey study Is. The statistical population of this research is all teachers of sport (men and women) in Amol city.Because the statistical community is low, we will select a statistical sample of 169 people. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire of sports participation and a questionnaire on violence in the workplace, measured by Likert scale 5. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient calculated in this study in a preliminary study with the distribution of 15 questionnaires of sports participation 0.89 and violence 0.87 in the work environment.The results of the research showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between participation in sport with desire for violence in the work environment in the teachers of Amol sport, because the observed significant level (sig = 0.0001) of predicted error value (01 / 0) is smaller.The results also showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between participation in sport with components of the desire for violence in the workplace (physical violence, psychological violence, and reactionary violence). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

260 - The Relationship between Multimedia Literacy with Professional Development of Teachers and Managers in Education District One
Taha Nasiri

The purpose of this reaserch was the relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari. This research was a field data collection method in terms of applied purpose and a descriptive correlat More

The purpose of this reaserch was the relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari. This research was a field data collection method in terms of applied purpose and a descriptive correlational method in terms of implementation method. The statistical population included all managers and teachers of an education district in Sari in the academic year of 2020-2021 in the number of 650 people, which using Krejcie and Morgan table and relative stratified random sampling method of 242 people as Sample sizes were selected. Data collection tools were standard philosophical multimedia literacy questionnaires (2014), Nova Professional Development (2008) and Des Ryan (2003). (multimedia literacy equal to 0.79, professional development equal to 0.88 and percent). To analyze the data, descriptive (frequency, percentage and bar graph) and inferential sections (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression) were used using Spss22 software. The results showed that there is a relationship between multimedia literacy with professional development of managers and teachers in an education district of Sari city. The results also showed that the components of multimedia literacy are related to the professional development and job vitality of principals and teachers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

261 - Qualitative analysis of teachers' views towards environmental education in rural schools
Alireza Nazarian

In recent years, attention to environmental education especially in rural environments has attracted the attention of many educational experts. The aim of the present study was to investigate the experiences of teachers in relation to environmental education in rural sc More

In recent years, attention to environmental education especially in rural environments has attracted the attention of many educational experts. The aim of the present study was to investigate the experiences of teachers in relation to environmental education in rural schools. To serve that end, a qualitative approach and phenomenological method were used. Consequently, unstructured interviews were conducted with 13 teachers using the purposeful sampling method. To analyze the data, thematic analysis was used. The analysis of the interviews revealed three main themes (regressive approach, progressive approach, and indifference approach), 13 sub-themes, and 31 refined themes. The findings of the research indicated teachers' lack of real involvement in environmental education, lack of trust in the efficiency of environmental education, absence of employing of new methods, superficial knowledge about the environment, and absence of attempts to use new methods in education. It is concluded that teachers play a significant role in environmental education, so training and preparing them can improve environmental education. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

262 - EFL teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom practices influenced by an in-service training course of meta-pragmatics
Behnood Samani Mehrdad Amiri Naser Ghafouri

The present study focused on the effect of an in-service meta-pragmatics training course on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom pragmatic practices. A mixed methods design was used to achieve the objectives of the stud More

The present study focused on the effect of an in-service meta-pragmatics training course on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom pragmatic practices. A mixed methods design was used to achieve the objectives of the study. In the quantitative phase of the study, 300 EFL teachers were selected through convenience sampling and filled out the Pragmatic Awareness Questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, 60 of those teachers participated in a pragmatic training course. They were divided into experimental and control groups and underwent the processes of pretesting, intervention, and post-testing. Furthermore, 30 of these teachers were observed in terms of their teaching inter-language pragmatics both before and after the training course of meta-pragmatics. The results of the multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) revealed that EFL teacher’s pragmatic awareness was relatively low. In addition, the findings unveiled a statistically significant difference between the EFL teachers’ meta-pragmatic awareness and their practices in terms of the 'language teacher' component. Moreover, the findings showed a statistically significant improvement in the EFL teachers’ pragmatic practices regarding teaching pragmatic features after receiving the instructions. The results of this study have some implications for stakeholders, namely EFL teacher trainers, EFL teachers, and EFL students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

263 - A Qualitative Study on Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Critical Pedagogy-Based Teacher Effectiveness
Shiva Ghorbani Shahram Afraz Neda Fatehi Rad Fazlolah Samimi

One of the significant factors in EFL learning is teacher effectiveness which is of high importance since teachers are really and directly engaged in language learning as the final aim of English classes. This study aimed at exploring Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions o More

One of the significant factors in EFL learning is teacher effectiveness which is of high importance since teachers are really and directly engaged in language learning as the final aim of English classes. This study aimed at exploring Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions of critical pedagogy-based teacher effectiveness. In so doing, a qualitative thematic analysis method was used. The participants included 20 male and female Iranian English teachers who were selected through purposive sampling. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview was used. According to the results, the following themes were extracted from the data: Paying Attention to Students’ Needs, Being Aware of Students’ Goals in English Learning, Friendly Relations with Students, Flexibility in Teaching/Assessment Methods, Making Classes Student-Centered, Cooperative Teaching, Facilitating Students’ Learning, Being Aware of the Last Achievements in the Field of TEFL, Generating Equal Opportunities for All Students in the Class, Teaching Students Problem Posing Skills, and Teaching Students Critical Thinking Skills. The findings have some implications for EFL teachers, learners, teacher education instructors and policymakers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

264 - Impact of Iranian EFL Teachers’ Achievement Value Orientation on Reflective Teaching: The Mediating Role of Job Performance
Nasrin Bahojb Ghahvechipour Saeideh Ahanghari Masoud Zoghi

Teachers who possess an achievement value orientation may concentrate on establishing ambitious objectives for themselves, as well as creating opportunities for pupils to showcase their abilities and attain success. This can increase student motivation and ultimately im More

Teachers who possess an achievement value orientation may concentrate on establishing ambitious objectives for themselves, as well as creating opportunities for pupils to showcase their abilities and attain success. This can increase student motivation and ultimately improving job performance. While previous teachers' reflective studies in the field of English as a foreign language (EFL) have examined a wide range of variables, certain variables such as EFL teachers' achievement value orientation and job performance related to reflective teaching have remained under-researched. To this end, this study examined the EFL teachers' achievement value orientation factor identified as having a contributive role in EFL teachers' reflective teaching regarding the mediating role of job performance. The study sample consisted of 237 Iranian EFL teachers aged between 25 and 60. Based on the results of structural equation modeling (SEM), EFL teachers' achievement value orientation directly and significantly influences counterproductive work behavior (CWB) dimension of their job performance as well as metacognitive and affective dimensions of their reflective teaching. It was also shown that task performance (TP) has a direct effect on cognitive, contextual performance (CP) on cognitive and critical, and CWB on the metacognitive dimension of reflective teaching. The results also indicated that the CWB dimension of job performance mediates the impact of EFL Teachers’ achievement value orientation on metacognitive dimension of their reflective teaching. Teacher training programs should emphasize the importance of developing an achievement value orientation in teachers and reflective teaching should be promoted as a key component of teachers' professional development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

265 - EFL writing skill requirements and challenges: Teachers and learners perceptions in focus
Esmaiel Kaboli Boroujeni

Although there have been many studies concentrating on writing development and techniques to improve it, there still remains the need to investigate more and give extra insight to the EFL language learners and teachers on these issues. Using a grounded model of research More

Although there have been many studies concentrating on writing development and techniques to improve it, there still remains the need to investigate more and give extra insight to the EFL language learners and teachers on these issues. Using a grounded model of research, the researchers performed an investigation to examine the various aspects concerning writing challenges, and requirements to improve it. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with an aim to achieve a thorough understanding of the topic by recruiting 25 male and female experienced EFL teachers along with 25 male and female intermediate EFL learners from language institutes in Tehran as the participants of the study through purposeful sampling technique. Then, 5 distinctive questions were chosen for the teachers and another set of 5 different questions for the learners to elicit their perceptions. After gathering the data and identifying the initial codes, the sub-categories emerged and helped the researcher to form the final model. Among the categories, writing strategies like collaborative and game-based, requirements like background, vocabulary, and grammatical knowledge were found to be essential. Based on the findings, a model was developed which is believed to support EFL learners in improving their writing proficiency. Manuscript profile

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