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Open Access Article
1 - Investigating environmental sustainability using ecological footprint index (Case study:Abadan city, in Khouzestan province)
Saeed MohtashamniaIntroduction: The growth and high population density in urban areas and the production of all kinds of domestic and industrial pollutants resulted many consequences on the sustainability of the environment and its biological capacity as well as the quality of human life MoreIntroduction: The growth and high population density in urban areas and the production of all kinds of domestic and industrial pollutants resulted many consequences on the sustainability of the environment and its biological capacity as well as the quality of human life in urban communities. Ecological footprint assessment is one of the methods of measuring sustainable development in urban societies, which is used to measure sustainability in the world. The purpose of this research is to measure the sustainability of Abadan city using the ecological footprint method. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out by using the descriptive-analytical method and by applying the ecological footprint calculation model proposed by Rees and Walkernagel in order to determine the amount of land needed by the residents of Abadan city. The data of this research was mainly quantitative and collected by two documentary and field methods. The studied community included 384 households living in Abadan city and using the statistics and data of the relevant organizations with the subject of research and national statistics and yearbooks. The cluster random sampling method was based on the ten Abadan manicipal regions. Then, the ecological footprint index of food consumption, the amount of carbon dioxide production due to transportation and heating from natural gas, the amount of water consumption, the amount of electricity consumed and the amount of produced waste were calculated. Results and Discussion: Calculations showed that the largest footprint was related to electricity consumption (4252 m2) per person and the lowest related to waste (21 m2) for each citizen. Footprint index of water 56, natural gas 450 , gasoil 3770, petrol 1484 and food 1232 square meters per citizen and the total ecological footprint was calculated 1.12 hectares . Conclusion: The results showed the region climate and the activity of oil industries cause high consumption of energy input increased in hot seasons and the traffic of diesel vehicles because of industries in Abadan increase, So the consumption of diesel fuel is more than gasoline. Although the total per capita ecological footprint of Abadan is less than the world average (1.8 hectares), but the total ecological footprint per population is 5.5% more than the urban environment's carrying capacity, and this requires optimal management of resources and matching this potential with population and resource consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Providing a model of sustainability factors based on economic, social and environmental fields Sports complexes in Tehran
Amir Izadkhah Seyed Mostafa Tayebisani Bahram Gadimi Mehrdad NavabakhshIn order to meet people's demands for sports and comply with sustainability laws, sports complexes should try to improve their organization's sustainability performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sustainability factors based on economic a MoreIn order to meet people's demands for sports and comply with sustainability laws, sports complexes should try to improve their organization's sustainability performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sustainability factors based on economic and social areas of sports complexes. This research is descriptive-survey and retrospective. The statistical population of sports complexes in the northeast of Tehran city with 48 sports complexes, 5 people from each complex and a total of 240 questionnaires were completed. The 2014 Lean Sustainable Supply Chain Management Standard Questionnaire was used. The Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS) method was used to examine the relationships between the variables. The results showed that the economic dimension of supply chain dimensions has the greatest impact on the variable of operational performance of sports complexes in Tehran. The coefficient of economic impact on the environment is 0.89 and the coefficient of economic impact on the social dimension is 0.77. In fact, the economic field is the most important field in the sustainability of sports complexes. Therefore, sustainability leads to the improvement of economic performance and to some extent environmental performance, it can be suggested Managers should pay more attention to the economic dimension to discuss the sustainability of their organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A comparative review of how development plans can be realized with an environmental sustainability approach
behnaz rahimi حسین زینتی seyyd amir hossein Garkani sajjad amiriIn this research, we will analyze the comparative review of development plans with a sustainable approach and look for the emergence of new solutions and development models that are in sync with short-term and long-term goals and help communities and the environment. Th MoreIn this research, we will analyze the comparative review of development plans with a sustainable approach and look for the emergence of new solutions and development models that are in sync with short-term and long-term goals and help communities and the environment. This method should be used to formulate how to realize the sustainability of the rural environment with an aesthetic approach and to identify the process and related components. The statistical population of this systematic study includes all published research articles in the field of environmental sustainability and development plans of rural areas, resulting from quantitative and qualitative studies. It has been objective reality. The review of previous research shows the weakness of the existing frameworks in relation to the realization of the rural identity based on the aesthetic approach. The purpose of this research is how to realize rural identity with a systematic review approach. The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose, and with the approach of a systematic review of the literature related to the components of rural identity, landscape and aesthetics between the years 2000 and 2022, using 3 specific keywords and a clear and pre-designed strategy, from 5 databases. Information was collected. After screening and qualitative assessment, the final analysis was done on 37 articles. On the other hand, the meta-analysis method requires the identification of the relationship between the components, which depends on the knowledge of the components. The realization of environmental sustainability in rural development plans requires economic, social and environmental coordination that preserves natural resources, reduces pollution and ensures the quality of life of local people. These goals can be achieved by cooperation between the government, local community and environmental organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation and compilation of the energy consumption attributes in the office buildings
Mehrdad Mahmoudian Sajad SadiMost of the energy consumed in the building is consumed during the operation of the building. If you save on this part of the building energy, you can have a great impact on energy consumption. One way to control energy consumption in buildings is to use building energy MoreMost of the energy consumed in the building is consumed during the operation of the building. If you save on this part of the building energy, you can have a great impact on energy consumption. One way to control energy consumption in buildings is to use building energy labels. In order to provide an energy label, it must be possible to identify the factors affecting the energy consumption of the building. Introducing and studying energy-related indicators is one of the appropriate methods for managing energy consumption. With the help of these indicators, energy consumption can be managed and optimized. In this paper, by examining the main sectors of energy consumption in the buildings using the hierarchical analysis method (in order to label and optimize the energy consumption of office buildings), effective Attributes have been identified and introduced. The systematic search focuses on a variety of sources, including documents, databases, conferences, and various journals. First, search terms are selected. After the findings of library studies, field studies are conducted. This data can be described as experimental or new data. In the present study, two questionnaires were used to conduct field studies and obtain the required information. Improving energy consumption and reducing environmental pollution are key to sustainable energy. As the major consumer of energy, the building sector accounts for more than 40% of total energy consumption. One of the most important consumers of energy are office buildings, which include applications such as air conditioning, heating, cooling, hot water and various equipment. In this research, office buildings have been divided into different sections with the help of previous studies, and then in each section, the relevant Attributes have been extracted from the literature review. A total of 62 indices were extracted in 12 different sections. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The effect of ownership structures and governance characteristics on the company's sustainability report
Hamed Yadegari far Masood FooladiPurpose: Managers can strategically use the disclosure of corporate social responsibility and sustainability to hide their opportunistic behavior. Based on this, it is necessary to implement a monitoring mechanism to improve the social responsibility disclosure situatio MorePurpose: Managers can strategically use the disclosure of corporate social responsibility and sustainability to hide their opportunistic behavior. Based on this, it is necessary to implement a monitoring mechanism to improve the social responsibility disclosure situation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of ownership structures and governance characteristics on the company's sustainability report. Methodology: In order to test the hypotheses, a sample consist of 169 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2015 to 2021 was selected and a panel data multiple regression model was used. Findings: Findings of this study show that there is no positive relationship between the board size, the number of board meetings and the company's sustainability report. There is no positive and significant relationship between the ratio of independent members of the board of directors and the company's sustainability report. Also, there is no significant relationship between government ownership and the company's sustainability report. There is no positive relationship between the size of audit firm and the company's sustainability report. Originality: Findings of this study may help investors and other users of accounting information to better understand the effect of board of directors on the long-term sustainability of companies and is important in their decision-making. Methodology: In order to test the hypotheses, a sample consist of 169 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2015 to 2021 was selected and a panel data multiple regression model was used. Findings: Findings of this study show that there is no positive relationship between the board size, the number of board meetings and the company's sustainability report. There is no positive and significant relationship between the ratio of independent members of the board of directors and the company's sustainability report. Also, there is no significant relationship between government ownership and the company's sustainability report. There is no positive relationship between the size of audit firm and the company's sustainability report. Originality: Findings of this study may help investors and other users of accounting information to better understand the effect of board of directors on the long-term sustainability of companies and is important in their decision-making. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - New LARG Strategy in Supply Chain Management: a Way to Achieve Sustainability
Mehdi Izadyar Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Seyed Mohammad Seyed HosseiniBackground: Environmental monitoring and sustainability improvement while maintaining productivity and profitability are accepted as strategic objectives in in current business. Therefore, it is necessary to implement management practices that not only improve the perfo MoreBackground: Environmental monitoring and sustainability improvement while maintaining productivity and profitability are accepted as strategic objectives in in current business. Therefore, it is necessary to implement management practices that not only improve the performance and efficiency of the supply chain. But also focus on economic, environmental and social dimensions. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrated approach to the lean, agile, resilient and green supply chain management in automotive industry in Iran to achieve sustainability. Methods: This paper aimed to present a new LARG strategy by reviewing the studies on lean, agile, resilient, green supply chain management. This paper is presented an analytical-hybrid model based on fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy analytic network process for integrating of LARG supply chain management practices in the supply chain in automotive industry in Iran. Using the fuzzy DEMATEL, the relationships between the criteria and the sub-criteria were identified and then the weights were calculated by the fuzzy analytic network process and their significance was determined. Results: The integrated LARG supply chain management approach includes: Strategic stock (resilient), just in time (lean), Supplier relationships (lean), Total Quality Management(lean), Ability to Change delivery times of Suppliers order (Agile), lead Time reduction (resilient), Flexible Transportation (resilient), and to Reduce Energy Consumption (Green). Conclusion: according to the findings, LARG integrated strategy for achieving sustainability in the supply chain is proposed. Moving towards sustainability through implementing LARG supply chain practices is a key strategy in automotive industry in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Conceptualization and Explanation of a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Marketing Model in Food Industry: Futuristic Research Approach
NAEEMEH MOHEBI Karim Hamdi Zeynolabedin Amini Sabegh ehsan sadehAbstract Background: The global market system is steadily moving in the future, and Iran is lagging behind in its development. Objective: To conceptualize and define a framework for evaluating sustainable entrepreneurial marketing. Method: This is a cross-sectional surv MoreAbstract Background: The global market system is steadily moving in the future, and Iran is lagging behind in its development. Objective: To conceptualize and define a framework for evaluating sustainable entrepreneurial marketing. Method: This is a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population consists of Iran's food industry companies. Sample size is in the qualitative section of 20 experts. Delphi method is used to conceptualize the sustainable entrepreneurship marketing assessment model: with future studies approach. . Then, in a quantitative section, 226 selected food companies of Iran were selected through a targeted sampling to test the model. Structural equation modeling and Amos software were used to examine the relationships between the elements of the model. Findings: Includes 11 dimensions with activity titles, opportunism, customer engagement, innovation, risk management, resource leverage, investment, vulnerability, information and product quality, local economy, and environmental integrity. Of these dimensions, the investment with a coefficient of 889/0, with 88.9%, is most important in predicting and explaining sustainable future entrepreneurship and the environmental performance is in the second place. The lowest percentages are among the dimensions of risk management. Conclusion: In order to realize this concept, investments should be made in order to meet the future needs of the society and to monitor the socio-economic and environmental performance with the goal of creating and strengthening the conditions for maintaining production and increasing profits in the future of food industry companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Presentation of a Model of Sustainability Performance Assessment for scenario building in the LARG Supply Chain
Mehdi Izadyar Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Zahra MehriBackground: Supply chain sustainability has become one of the most important issues in today's business environment and plays a very important role in increasing competitiveness. Improving sustainability in supply chains is one of the strategic objectives in the current MoreBackground: Supply chain sustainability has become one of the most important issues in today's business environment and plays a very important role in increasing competitiveness. Improving sustainability in supply chains is one of the strategic objectives in the current business. Therefore, it is essential to assess the sustainability performance of the newly implemented management strategies. Objective: The purpose of this paper is to provide a model for assessing the sustainability performance of LARG supply chain management practices in the automotive supply chain using the dynamics system. Methods: first, LARG supply chain management practices were identified by reviewing the literature and interviewing industry experts and were prioritized using fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy analysis network process and were presented as an integrated approach to LARG supply chain management practices. Finally, the dynamic system has been used to assess the dynamics of LARG supply chain management practices and their impact on sustainable performance in the supply chain. Results: The research findings show that the scenarios of improvement in in the implementation of total quality management (TQM) and just in time (JIT) lead to a more sustainable supply chain. The results of these scenarios show sustainability improvement in the supply chain. Conclusion: The results show that lean strategy is a very important for achieving sustainability in the supply chain. The proposed model helps industry managers and decision makers to identify the results achieved from implementing LARG supply chain management practices and improving effective practices on sustainability in the supply chain by adopting policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - سنجش پایداری اجتماعی در محلات مرکزی شهر بابل با رویکرد مدیریت یکپارچه شهری
shahram melaniyajelodar abdolhossien daneshvari nasab maryam malmir seyd hasan rasouliIn the context of increasing global attention to the dimensions of sustainable development and issues related to the quality of human life, the effort to achieve social sustainability in urban contexts has become more important. The purpose of this article is to measure MoreIn the context of increasing global attention to the dimensions of sustainable development and issues related to the quality of human life, the effort to achieve social sustainability in urban contexts has become more important. The purpose of this article is to measure social sustainability with an integrated urban management approach in the central neighborhoods of Babol. In this regard, the present study is an applied research in terms of descriptive-analytical nature. Components and indicators related to social sustainability were extracted from the studies and using a questionnaire, 370 citizens responded to a questionnaire in line with the situation of social sustainability in the central area of Babol and the findings of this section with The use of statistical techniques and factor analysis in SPSS software has been investigated and analyzed. Findings show that the central context of the city of Babylon is at a high level in terms of social sustainability and the most important factor that affects the social stability of the central neighborhoods of the city of Babylon is security and social action. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Review and clarify ethical leadership and its dimensions Case Study: employees of University of Tehran
Mohammad Reza Karami – Seyed Mohammad Mirkamali Javad PoorKarimiContext: recently with respect to moral scandals of leaders, discrimination, patronage and issues distortion has been placed in the headlines around the world everywhere; from commercial and government organizations to the church. We tried to investigate and clarify the MoreContext: recently with respect to moral scandals of leaders, discrimination, patronage and issues distortion has been placed in the headlines around the world everywhere; from commercial and government organizations to the church. We tried to investigate and clarify the ethical leadership and its aspects to recognize that kind of leadership. Aim:investigate and clarify the ethical leadership and its dimensions. Methods: The method of the research is descriptive and the type is Survey. The population consisted of all employees in University of Tehran, 1394-95. According to the latest statistics, there are 1419 (consisting of 801 women and 618 men) employees working in University of Tehran. That sample was selected by Stratified sampling and the size of sample was identified based on cochrane formula are 302. Data were collected through ethical leadership questionnaire (Researcher made).Todetermine thevalidity of the questionnaire, content validityandconstructwas used and Their reliability was estimated through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient on Pilot study "0/92". Results: The results showed that all the components of ethical leadership were above average in all aspects, except for peopel orentation, concern for sustainability, neuroticism, role clarification components that was lower to the average hypothesis of this research. Independent t test results showed that male and female employees' perceptions equal have of moral leadership. also The results of one-way variance test (f) showed the ethical leadership in terms of demographic variables (age, experience-serve, place of employment, education and field of study) there is no difference.theresults of Friedman test showed ethical guidance and role clarification has highest and lowest priority respectly. Conclusion: According to positive results of ethical leadership for organizations and communities, Administrators need to strengthen this type of leadershipin them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Typology of Sustainable Urban Form and Urban Structure, With a view to Tehran
azadeh gharaei Esfandiar Zebardast Hamid MajediUrban form and spatial structure are important aspects for city surveying and its analysis. Literature review on the concepts of spatial structure, urban form, pattern of the city and etc. indicates variety and diversity of opinion in these areas. Some of the reasons fo MoreUrban form and spatial structure are important aspects for city surveying and its analysis. Literature review on the concepts of spatial structure, urban form, pattern of the city and etc. indicates variety and diversity of opinion in these areas. Some of the reasons for differences in the definition of these concepts as follows: the difference in scales and areas of research, different ways of words translating, different semantic content for similar indicators, view of planner or designer and etc. So the author is looking for detailed analysis and explanation of the concepts of urban form and urban spatial structure. we can find out that the urban spatial structure and urban form in some parts and some variables such as natural landscape, transport infrastructure, communication networks, spatial pattern of land use, morphology of housing, density and etc. have overlaps, but not completely overlapping or following. In other words, if we classify the definitions of these two concepts into three levels: the macro level (metropolitan areas), middle level (cities and regions) and micro levels (neighborhoods and neighborhoods units), at the middle level, the implications of these two concepts have overlaps, so in this scale, the two concepts cab be equated. However at the macro level, the components of urban spatial structure and at the micro level, the elements of urban form can be clearer to explain the issue. Although some researchers use urban spatial structure for micro scale or urban form for macro scale, but in this article, by analysis of comments of majority of experts, it has been argued that the concepts of urban form and urban spatial structure at the middle scale equally, the components of urban form at the micro scale and the elements and variables of urban spatial structure at the macro scale can repaint the nature of urban development issues with a more accurate method. On the other hand, urban form and spatial structure of the city are known as one of the most important sources of environmental, economic and social instability. There are many ways to achieve a sustainable future for urban and regional scales. In this research with an analytical view, the author want to identify how urban form and spatial structure affect Tehran sustainability. In this research, after collecting information and analyzing the spatial layers, using the K-Means Clustering Model and the softwares of GIS and Python, we classified the 22 districts of Tehran into six clusters based on the urban-form and urban spatial structure indicators in the middle scale. The similarities between the form and spatial structure indicators in each of these categories make such categorization and typology meaningful. Also we classified these districts into six clusters besed on the urban sustainability indexes by using K-Means Clustering Model The overlap of clustering in Tehran's districts based on the form and spatial structure indicators and on the basis of sustainability indicators, shows urban form and urban spatial structure factors affect sustainability directly. Determining the extent of this relationship will be important in future research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Identifying and Modeling the Principles of Community Regeneration with a Social Sustainability Approach Drawing on the Delphi Method
mandana malek Alireza Andalib zahra zarabadi hamid majediDeclined urban neighborhoods are those parts of cities that failed to establish a balanced economic, social, and functional relationship with the rest of the city during the industrialization and urban development process. Indicators of urban poverty and deteriorated qu MoreDeclined urban neighborhoods are those parts of cities that failed to establish a balanced economic, social, and functional relationship with the rest of the city during the industrialization and urban development process. Indicators of urban poverty and deteriorated quality of life are visible in such neighborhoods. Actually these declined areas do not have the ability to compete or exchange economic, social or cultural benefits with other part of cities and other urban areas without government support. Social sustainability is a manifestation of sustainable development, which in recent years has gained increased recognition as a fundamental component of sustainable development, beginning to receive political and institutional endorsement within the sustainable development agenda, and the sustainable urban regeneration discourse.Moreover, regeneration is considered as one of the most significant, most effective approaches to improve and renovate urban neighborhoods. Urban regeneration tackles "quality of life" issues in communities through working to narrow the gap between the most disadvantaged neighborhoods and the rest of society. In this policy debate often an area­based approach, integrating horizontal policies, with sustainable perspectives, collaborative inhabitants, is advocated. The aim of this analytical review is to establish the dimensions and components of urban community regeneration, its substantial principles, and supporting policies with an eye on social sustainability, and its conceptual framework. In line with its goals, this policy study is a library and document research involving content analysis of theoretical texts. Furthermore, drawing on the Delphi method and based on a conceptual model, an analysis concerned with community regeneration was carried out assuming a social sustainability approach.Also, the opinion of experts rating 4 aspects and 21 factors derived from theoretical principles were used to finalize the community regeneration model.The findings are suggesting that the principles extracted from an initial literature review comprised social participation, social capital, social composition, social coherence, sustainable policy (governance), welfare and quality of life, the environment, services and housing, preserving the identity and cultural heritage, security and wellbeing, being community-based, and equal access (to housing, services, open spaces, jobs, resources, etc.) can be classified into four groups (sustainable environment and space, sustainable community, sustainable economy, and governance). Of the 21 factors identified through the literature review, and according to the experts’ opinions, the sense of belonging, sustainable transportation, and information systems are the essential criteria, whereas the remaining ones except resilience received an acceptable score in the hierarchy of the criteria. Based on the nine principles extracted in this study, a conceptual model was presented in whose aspects the factors feature a significant order. At the conclusion this article presented, 32 supporting policies which can be used in the process of neighborhood regeneration in order to improve social sustainability. Concurrent attention to these strategies as a balanced set of issues is important. Because the fulfillment of each policy without considering the others will complicate the situation of the declined neighborhood and its local community. Moreover involvement of local communities during the process, is the key success point of the neighborhood regeneration programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Explanation of the Place’s Social Sustainability Pattern with the Aim of Improving the Quality of Place in Educational Spaces
Nasibeh Badri Benam Mir Saeed Moosavi Akbari Namdar Shabnam Soleyman IranzadehNowadays, with the emergence of instabilities and their numerous disadvantages hindering the path of development and progress, the paradigm of stability has to the picture and one of the concepts discussed in the paradigm of durability – stability – is the S MoreNowadays, with the emergence of instabilities and their numerous disadvantages hindering the path of development and progress, the paradigm of stability has to the picture and one of the concepts discussed in the paradigm of durability – stability – is the Social Durability, which directs attention toward the demands and qualitative reactions of individuals to the present space. The general interest in the subject of durability and stability which has turned into a strong trend in the contemporary architecture of the world demands a kind of critical reassessment to expurgate and augment the dialog of durability in architecture. In an architectural scale, durability discusses space; therefore, architectural space plays an important role in shaping human behaviors and actions, it plays the role of an institution and a socially acceptable resource. If space bears a meaningful quality, it will change into a specific kind of space which is intertwined with human norms and values and thus is called a place. The qualitative factors refer to social durability and effect spatial quality to be raised, as well as fitting within the limitations of the concept of “place”, are well known as factors of place durability; which means that the place can handle challenges and problems and adequately react to outside changes. Higher education, as a scientific institution, is obliged to train the skilled workforce in order to attain coordination with the daily changes in our country. Research shows a link between educational quality and human-environment connection. Consequently, achieving social durability of place in educational space is imperative. This research is carried out with the goal of demonstrating the factors of social durability of place and presenting its pattern in architectural educational spaces in the form of developmental and applied research, using an elemental analysis procedure and considering the influential role of a server. Data collection was carried out in two procedures: library and free and in qualitative and quantitative phases. The research was limited to the Architecture Department of the Islamic Art University of Tabriz and sampling was performed in two fundamental combinational procedures: random and deliberate. The results of this research show that the social durability of the place is influenced by a variety of factors which overall, are there to supply the requirements of the servers; and these factors are dependent on each other and to supply them, all factors are required. Also, the results demonstrate and illustrate the effects of six factors on the durability of place: 1)- functional proportions of space (the accordance of demands and the framework conditions of space), 2)- place identity and social interactions, 3)- legibility and proportions of background, 4)- liveliness and visual aesthetics, 5)- comfort of the environment 6) -providing welfare which are all influential. To conclude, the results reveal and determine that resolving the physiological necessities and the need for safety and security were the prior importance for students, in compare with the resolution of needs for attachment and cognitive and aesthetic issues were second place importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Landscape design patterns along inner city-floodways (Case study: Alusjerd floodway, Hamedan)
Mohammadreza Pourjafar Amin RastandehThe present study aims to introduce and analyze the most important landscape design criteria along inner-city floodways. Obviously, there are various patterns in this field of study which can be classified into three categories of physical, biological, as well as cultur MoreThe present study aims to introduce and analyze the most important landscape design criteria along inner-city floodways. Obviously, there are various patterns in this field of study which can be classified into three categories of physical, biological, as well as cultural considerations. Introducing the related patterns, in parallel with paying attention to their adaptation to environmental strategies and local considerations is the main subject of this study. Using such a pattern, it is more possible to protect the buildings, as well as historical monuments in the route of the foodways. In this regard, in one hand, local sense would be improved in inhabitants and in the other hand, the tourisme intereset may be enhanced for visting the studied site. Therefore, creation of minor jobs would be accessible by means of the considered procedure. According to the researches, this research attempts to multi-functional landscape planning which essentially contributes to sustainable urban landscape along inner-city floodways. For this purpose, Analytic-descriptive method based on criteria evaluation has been applied qualitatively. In addition, to represent the present scientific literature, the Alusjerd floodway in Hamedan has been chosen as a case study in the west of Iran to present the most important landscape design criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Analytical Approach in Design and Management in Organizing Urban Parks and its Relation on Promoting Citizens Health
Shadi AziziToday, the term “sustainability” is used in many academic and nonacademic communities and the themes of many conferences and seminars are dedicated to this topic. But in an era of escalating consumerism and endless growth, it seems that sustainability will f MoreToday, the term “sustainability” is used in many academic and nonacademic communities and the themes of many conferences and seminars are dedicated to this topic. But in an era of escalating consumerism and endless growth, it seems that sustainability will face more difficulties in pursuit of its goals. Although architecture schools care about sustainability and seek appropriate solutions for environmental concerns, the recentness of the topic has caused architecture to face various obstacles such as "limited expertise", "lack of inspiring prototypes to counterbalance prevalent non-sustainable lifestyles", "fringe reputation", "number crunching", "the old guard", "holistic vs. fragmented", "the Braux art tradition", " unawareness of environment crisis" and "lack of technical courses that support design studios" inside the classroom and "ambiguous identity", "confusing implications", "the magic flute", "the question of aesthetic" and high cost of sustainability outside the classroom. Following an investigation into environmental crises, the principles and history of sustainable architecture, two sustainable education models (one theoretical and the other practical) and the obstacles facing the teaching of sustainable architecture, this paper attempts to analyze architectural education in Iran in order to assess the performance of Iranian architecture schools in teaching sustainable design. For this reason, courses taught in Iran's architectural schools are divided into 5 categories including: "Architectural Design", "Building Technology", "Architectural History and Theory", "Urban and Rural Development" and "Historical Building and Renovation”. Then the challenges mentioned are examined in each category with secondary data reviews. While courses related to sustainability and environmental crisis are not taught in Iran's universities, some obstacles like "fringe reputation:, "number crunching”, “limited expertise" and "the old guard" are not studied and only 4 obstacle including "holistic vs. fragment", "the Braux art tradition", "unawareness of environment crisis" and " lack of technical courses support of design " are investigated in architecture universities. This paper will conclude that architectural education in Iran follows one rigid strategy, which is not suitable for a multidisciplinary field like architecture, particularly sustainable architecture: therefore Iranian architecture schools are not capable of teaching sustainability, whether as an attitude or as a technique. Therefore, a systematic policy is essential, one that concentrates on all three important parts of an educational system: well-defined goals, planning in accordance with these goals and the assessment of programs to refine goals. This paper also proposes two level programs consisting of: Level 1 (architecture education system): In this level, one flexible system will be defined consisting of several subsystems in accordance to global and local challenges. Each of these subsystems includes various theoretical and practical courses with focus on its subsystem goals. Students can choose some of these subsystems _which are controlled by one management system_ according to their interests. . This model of education system, not only lets students learn what they are interested in, but also produces graduates with different types of skills who can cover the different needs of society. Level 2 (sustainability subsystem): This level consists of theoretical and practical courses (especially interdisciplinary courses) relating to sustainability education in architecture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Transformation of Urban Conservation
naser bonyadiThere are significant differences between architectural restoration and urban conservation in professional literature. History of object and architectural restoration is too long. But the formation of urban conservation, as an independent and interdisciplinary field and MoreThere are significant differences between architectural restoration and urban conservation in professional literature. History of object and architectural restoration is too long. But the formation of urban conservation, as an independent and interdisciplinary field and based on its principles which is inseparable from the restoration of monuments and objects, is less clear. So there are a few resources in explaining the evolution of urban conservation. Those who have worked on this issue mostly discussed from the standpoint of architectural restoration. This paper will attempt to rely on written documents and evidence and try to prepare a review on urban conservation history and the factors affecting its formation. Compiling the proclamation of congresses and different universal sessions and using them have been created some special fields for recognition of historical transition current that have gone over for codification of urban renovation changes at the end of this article. Urban experiences show that intervention in solving urban problems, especially in historic areas, can be considered from urban conservation and urban development approaches. Developmental needs of the historic areas could be provided with integrated proper methods of urban conservation and planning. Combination of these two approaches in dealing with urban historic areas led to the formation of urban conservation in the mid-twentieth century. In comparing with some historic cities in Europe, the conservation of old towns in Iran has not a scientific background. In some other countries conservation of historic objects and buildings had experienced from ancient periods and the basic principles has remained in some declarations, regulations and text books and the preservation literature has been made. In inference of urban restoration, different views may be considered. If the purpose of Urban conservation, has been preparing the common needs of urban historic areas and their current residents (urban poor and immigrants) or the needs of people living in the whole city or the country and even the global community and protect World Heritage, the different opinions, views and solutions can be emerge. Accordingly, this paper with documentary method and case studies developed theoretical principles and adapt it to existing conditions. To assess these techniques and adapt ideas and methods, through description and reasoning content, attempted to assumptions concluded by questions and objectives and to develop and scrutinize conceptual framework. Results of this study are briefly: 1 - Today, the use of scientific methods in planning is the first step to enter the field of urban conservation. We can find some options which have applied effect for urban organization and amelioration by using achievements of urban planning and combination of them.2 - Various interventions with two original trends: urban development and urban conservation are two important challenges of urban and cultural heritage management. Despite the emphasis in many international declarations, this challenge rooted in lack of integrity in urban conservation and urban development approach. Successful cities concerning urban protectiveness and renovation have been able to obtain a balance between two approaches. Unfortunately such this success has been obtained less in underdeveloped countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Role of Social and Place Identities towards Promoting Sustainability Approaches and Behaviors
Abolfazl Dehghanmongabadi -
Open Access Article
18 - Barriers to Sustainable Construction Practices (Case Study: The Role of National Culture)
Peter Okoye Isaac Odesola Kevin Okolie -
Open Access Article
19 - Sustainability and Creativity Methods: Agents of Change in Teaching the Arch-Design Studio
Andrew B. Eigbeonan -
Open Access Article
20 - Eco-Village and Climatic Design
Marzieh Ghasemi Eshtaftaki -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigating Sustainability Factors According to the Image of Iranian Bazar
Behzad Alipoor Sara Raeesolmohadesin -
Open Access Article
22 - Public Urban Spaces: Reflecting the Collective Rituals (Iranian Tkayay and Hosseiniyeh)
Hamidreza Shoaie Seyed Mostafa Mokhtabad Amrei Farah Habib -
Open Access Article
23 - Social and Cultural Sustainability
Hengameh Haghi Hossein Zabihi -
Open Access Article
24 - Sustainable Criteria Evaluation of Neighbourhoods Through Residents’ Perceived Needs
Rama Ghalambor Dezfooly -
Open Access Article
25 - Qualitative Sustainability Assessment of the Large- Scale Redevelopment Plan in Samen District of Mashhad
Elnaz Sarkheyli Mojtaba Rafieian Ali Akbar Taghvaee -
Open Access Article
26 - Towards Green Building: Sustainability Approach in Building Industrialization
Hossein Zabihi Farah Habib Leila Mirsaeedie -
Open Access Article
27 - Codification of Sustainable Development Indicators in New Town of Iran: A Practical Municipal Level Approach
Mahsa Faramarzi Asli Seyed Majid Modidi Shemirani -
Open Access Article
28 - Explaining theComponents of Sustainability in Urban Communities
Hamed Moztarzadeh Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Vahideh Hodjati -
Open Access Article
29 - The Role of Neighborhoods’ Centers in the Development of Urban Sustainability (Case Study: Mahmudabad Neighborhoods, Mazandaran, Iran)
Mohammad Jahed Ghadami Setareh Zeinalzadeh -
Open Access Article
30 - The Effect of Liquidity Risk and Credit Risk on Financial Stability Banking industry in Iran; Multiple regression approach
Moosa Bozorg Asl Farrokh Barzideh Mohammad Taghi SamadiThe impact of different risks is of great importance in banking industry on financial sustainability, given its functional entity. Given the lack of consensus on the relationship between financial risks in banks, in particular, in credit risk and liquidity in banks, thi MoreThe impact of different risks is of great importance in banking industry on financial sustainability, given its functional entity. Given the lack of consensus on the relationship between financial risks in banks, in particular, in credit risk and liquidity in banks, this research investigates the relationship of these two types of risks and their impacts on financial sustainability in banking industry in Iran during 2005-2014 with panel data method. In this regard, in order to investigate the impact of liquidity and credit risks on financial sustainability, Quintile regression method. The results indicate the negative and significant impact of these two types of risks on financial sustainability in most reviewed decimals. This means that with an increase in financial sustainability, the impact of these two types of risks is reduced. In other words, those banks placed in the higher decimals of sustainability distribution are affected less by credit and liquidity risks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Effective Socio-Cultural Factors on Sustainable Design of Urban Space
Gholamabbas Tavassoli Soroush Fathi -
Open Access Article
32 - The Impact of Good Corporate Governance on the Relationship between Financial Performance and Sustainability of Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
abbas yazdani mansoureh aligholi keyvan lolaei -
Open Access Article
33 - Presenting a Model for Sustainable Marketing Development Using Digital Marketing
Mohammad Bashokouh Mohmmad Bahadorinejad navid shafieiSustainability in the field of marketing is examined from different perspectives. Some writers focused on environmental or green issues and others on social issues. Therefore, analysis and evaluation of marketing strategy in terms of sustainability is also a unique goal MoreSustainability in the field of marketing is examined from different perspectives. Some writers focused on environmental or green issues and others on social issues. Therefore, analysis and evaluation of marketing strategy in terms of sustainability is also a unique goal and requires special attention. Therefore, this paper presents a model for sustainable marketing development using digital marketing in the fast fashion industry. The current research is a qualitative study and in terms of its purpose, it is an applied research. The participants in this research are experts in the field of marketing, and the theoretical saturation method was used to determine the sample size. This means that the interviews continued until theoretical saturation was reached. In this research, interviews were conducted with 8 experts, and after interviewing the 8th person, we reached theoretical saturation. For data analysis, MaxQuda software version 12 was used using open, axial and selective coding method. The results show that the research model includes two main variables that each sustainability marketing variable has 8 dimensions and 24 indicators, and the digital marketing variable has 4 dimensions and 15 indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Designing a Framework for Social Reporting with Emphasis on Social Stakeholders
Parasto Mostafaei seyed ali hosseini rezvan hejazi ghasem boloHaving a mutual relationship and considering the stakeholder’s interests, require corporate social reporting. Heterogeneous structure and lack of framework about current reporting of companies on sustainability issues related to social stakeholders, demonstrates t MoreHaving a mutual relationship and considering the stakeholder’s interests, require corporate social reporting. Heterogeneous structure and lack of framework about current reporting of companies on sustainability issues related to social stakeholders, demonstrates the necessity to create a framework based on specific information elements of sustainability. The main purpose of the present study is to design and present a reporting framework with emphasis on different social stakeholder’s groups called “social reporting”. By designing a questionnaire containing 45 statements, experts’ comments on necessity, underlying concepts, information elements and social reporting content received and analyzed using Fuzzy Delphi method. According to the consensus of experts on all statements related to elements of social reporting framework, it is concluded that the appropriate framework is similar to the elements of the financial reporting frameworks in their views but, these elements must be defined in context of the sustainability from a social perspective. Among 16 themes suggested for defining and presenting social reporting content, 12 themes about personnel, customers, product/service, local communities and governance were accepted by experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Examining the relationship between corporate controversies and value creation based on the moderating role of environmental, social and corporate governance sustainability
mehdi ershadi zohreh hajiha mojgan safa hosein moghadamEconomic factors based on the economic values of companies are special in terms of comparing a company with other economic companies and the competition of the company. This research has been carried out with the aim of investigating the relationship between corporate c MoreEconomic factors based on the economic values of companies are special in terms of comparing a company with other economic companies and the competition of the company. This research has been carried out with the aim of investigating the relationship between corporate controversy and value creation based on the moderating role of environmental, social and corporate governance sustainability. The statistical population of the current research is all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 2012 to 2021. The combined data model used to test the research hypotheses. The software used for analysis is Stata version 14. The results of the research hypotheses test show that the three indicators for calculating the value of value (economic value added, market value added and cash value added) have an adverse effect of corporate controversies. In addition, the results of the research show that companies that have positive results in environmental, social and corporate governance factors generally gain the trust of investors, creditors and shareholders, which in turn reduces the negative impact of the company's controversy on the creation of value by the company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of Ownership Structure on the Development of the Sustainabe Reporting
Ali Khozein Ghodratolah Talebnia Mansour Garkaz Bahman BanimahdThis study aimed to test the stakeholders theory in Iran through the study of the effect of ownership structure on the development of sustainability reporting. This research is semi-experimental and applied one and content analysis and quantitative methods were used to MoreThis study aimed to test the stakeholders theory in Iran through the study of the effect of ownership structure on the development of sustainability reporting. This research is semi-experimental and applied one and content analysis and quantitative methods were used to do it. Data relating to the years 1385 to 1393 of 153 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange is used as the sample. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression model analysis. The results showed that the ownership concentration and state ownership have no effect on the development of sustainability reporting in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. On the other hand, by increasing the free float shareholders, the development of sustainability reporting was reduced. Sustainability Reporting in Iranian companies as well as companies in other Asian countries was low and it is need to improve a lot on disclosure issues related to corporate governance, economic, social and environmental sustainability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Presenting a Sustainability Accounting Model from the Perspective of Positive and Normative Theories
samaneh sadeghi Bahareh Banitalebi DehkordiToday, the speed of scientific research and practical measures in the field of sustainable development has not yet allowed the role of accounting in this area to be clearly demonstrated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the concept of sustainability ac MoreToday, the speed of scientific research and practical measures in the field of sustainable development has not yet allowed the role of accounting in this area to be clearly demonstrated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the concept of sustainability accounting with the help of normative and positive theories and based on the principles of sustainable development. Identify stability. In addition, the main purpose of this paper is to provide a conceptual model of sustainability accounting as a normative solution. This article is based on the library method and using deductive and descriptive-interpretive analysis to explain sustainability accounting and its evolution in the accounting system from a knowledge perspective. Findings show that in the proposed model of sustainability accounting, the focus is on the axis of response in accordance with the needs of users so that reports can identify and disclose environmental aspects and social impacts on indicators and economic, social and environmental performance. The findings also showed that in the field of sustainability accounting, it is necessary to pay attention to the development and expansion of accounting conceptualization principles, taking into account organizational and social contexts. The results of the research can determine the future progress, importance and characteristics of sustainability accounting in the business and thus help shareholders and stakeholders to benefit from the company's achievements for sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Evaluating the Effect of Tax Auditor’s Talent Strategies on the Green Tax Sustainability Consequences: Atanassov's Intuitive Fuzzy Logic Approach
Abdolreza Faraji neda nafari Yousef Mohamadi MoghadamOne of the important aspects in tax sustainability that has not been paid much attention in past studies is the strategies of talent acquisition of tax auditors that in this study, based on Atanasov's intuitive fuzzy logic approach, an attempt has been made to identify MoreOne of the important aspects in tax sustainability that has not been paid much attention in past studies is the strategies of talent acquisition of tax auditors that in this study, based on Atanasov's intuitive fuzzy logic approach, an attempt has been made to identify the most effective green tax sustainability consequences by screening tax auditor’s talent strategies. This study is developmental in terms of methodology and it is a mixed research in terms of data collection type. In this research, in the qualitative part, based on meta-composite analysis processes, it was tried to first identify the researches related to the two concepts of tax auditor talent strategies and green tax sustainability consequences, and then determine the research components and themes based on the critical evaluation scale. In addition, in the continuation of the qualitative part, Delphi analysis used to determine the limit of theoretical consensus. In the quantitative part, with the aim of determining the most effective talent search strategy for tax auditors in the most favorable consequences of green tax sustainability, intuitive fuzzy evaluation used based on Atanasov's logic. In this research, 12 tax audit research experts at the university level participated in the qualitative part and 25 tax auditors filled in the matrix questionnaires in the quantitative part. The results in the qualitative part indicate the existence of 5 themes as tax auditor’s talent strategies and 4 components as the green tax sustainability consequences. The results in the quantitative part also showed based on the fuzzy Vicor analysis process, the most important parameter of the research topics (talent finding strategies of tax auditors) is the function of professional maturity. It was also found that the most desirable consequence of green tax sustainability is the reduction of environmental pollution based on the effect of the theme of professional maturity. The obtained result shows that the companies, based on the improvement of the functions based on the professional maturity of the tax auditors, can understand that by strengthening their operational processes based on upgrading the level of technology and waste recycling, they should be responsible for reducing environmental pollution. Take action and this process can gradually become a part of the social norms of the companies in front of the beneficiaries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Developing the corporate social responsibility Model and its impact on the Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Information
S. Ahmad Mousavi Farzin Rezaei Farhad ShahveisiThe purpose of research is to identify factors that explain the pattern of reporting and corporate social responsibility and corporate social responsibility influence on the Quality of information. to achieve this goal, Using various aspects of social responsibility the MoreThe purpose of research is to identify factors that explain the pattern of reporting and corporate social responsibility and corporate social responsibility influence on the Quality of information. to achieve this goal, Using various aspects of social responsibility theory based on Carroll, Indicators for economic, legal, ethical, environmental and social was considered and Using confirmatory factor analysis, appropriate indicators were selected each dimension. The sample consisted of 87 companies during the period 1385 to 1393 based on data envelopment analysis, the performance was calculated corporate social responsibility. The performance index of corporate social responsibility to check the effects on the quality of accounting information based on panel data and multivariate linear regression and logistic, the results showed that the index of fulfillment of corporate social responsibility and predictive value of a positive and significant Relationship exists. Also results showed that the index of fulfillment of corporate social responsibility with Feedback value was positive Relationship, but this Relationship was not Significant and the coefficient of performance of corporate social responsibility and other qualitative characteristics include the conservatism, Neutrality, Rep faith fullness and completeness was not significant relationship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigation of the role of strategic orientation dimensions in the effectiveness of management accounting techniques on the sustainability of companies
Farshad Sabzalipour ali SAYADISOUMAR shima shamohamadi zeynab fazlaliThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the application of management accounting techniques on the sustainability of the company with the moderating role of strategic orientation. The Teodosio et al. model (2012) is used to measure the strategic ori MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of the application of management accounting techniques on the sustainability of the company with the moderating role of strategic orientation. The Teodosio et al. model (2012) is used to measure the strategic orientation, and the Lebedov model (2019) is used for management accounting techniques.The tool of this research is a standard questionnaire that was provided to the financial department of the manufacturing companies admitted to the Tehran stock market in 1401. After repeated follow-ups, 91 questionnaires were completed and provided to the research group.Data analysis and research hypotheses have been done using Smart Pls and Spss software.The results of the research showed that the strategic orientation reduces the effect of management accounting techniques on the company's sustainability. Because in our country, due to the existence of a monopoly market, the effort for innovation, customer satisfaction, the main competitor, and reducing the price of products is less done by the companies, as a result, the effectiveness of management accounting techniques on the sustainability of the companies' is reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Corporate Sustainability: Theoretical and Integrated Strategic Imperative and Pragmatic Approach
Hassan Chenari Bouket Bahman BanimahdCorporate sustainability is an economic and strategic imperative concept with the potential to create opportunities and risks for different type of businesses. The tension and possible relation between economic sustainability performance (ESP) and non-financial environm MoreCorporate sustainability is an economic and strategic imperative concept with the potential to create opportunities and risks for different type of businesses. The tension and possible relation between economic sustainability performance (ESP) and non-financial environmental, social, and governance (ESG) sustainability performance have been broadly yet ineffectively discussed in business literatures. This paper focuses to fill this gap by proposing a framework containing four integrated strategies of the sustainability theory integration, sustainable shared value creation, continuous performance improvements, and sustainability performance reporting and assurance. Proposals are advanced for each of these strategies in promoting future sustainability research works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Effect of Sustainability Reporting on Reducing Information Asymmetry of Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Farnaz Zia Hamid Reza Vakili Fard Fatemeh SarafIn order to survive in the competitive arena, companies nowadays need to take into account their social and environmental responsibility and their impact on society, and to disclose their information in addition to preserving their financial power. So that all stakehold MoreIn order to survive in the competitive arena, companies nowadays need to take into account their social and environmental responsibility and their impact on society, and to disclose their information in addition to preserving their financial power. So that all stakeholders use that information in their decisions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sustainability reporting on reducing information asymmetry. Sustainable reporting provides the information needed for different stakeholders by providing information in three areas: economic, environmental and social responsibility. The lack of information asymmetry among stakeholders leads to inefficiency in the capital market. The present research is a kind of theoretical-applied research. In this study, the performance data of 131 companies were investigated by elimination method from the listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 1390-1390. The scoring checklist is used to measure sustainability reporting in the social, environmental and economic components and the financial analysts' predictive accuracy to measure information asymmetry. The research hypotheses were also tested using multiple linear regression with combined data model. The results of the tests showed that sustainability reporting in these companies was inversely and significantly related to information asymmetry. This means that increasing the sustainability reporting score leads to a decrease in information asymmetry, increasing managers' prediction accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigating the effect of application management accounting techniques on firm sustainability with the moderating role of organizational culture based on Lebedov model
Maryam Azizpanah ali SAYADISOUMAR Mohammad OshaniThe purpose of this study is to investigate the application of application management accounting techniques on firm sustainability with the moderating role of organizational culture. For this purpose, Denison model (2000) is used to measure organizational culture and Le MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the application of application management accounting techniques on firm sustainability with the moderating role of organizational culture. For this purpose, Denison model (2000) is used to measure organizational culture and Lebedov model (2019) is used for management accounting techniques. The instrument used in this study is a standard questionnaire that was given to the financial department of manufacturing companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and OTC market in 1400, which after repeated follow-up 91 questionnaires were completed and provided to the group. Research was conducted. Data analysis and research hypotheses were performed using Smart Pls and Spss software. The results show that organizational culture has an impact of management accounting techniques (transformation and cost management, financial strategy, investment assessment, management and control, pricing decision, estimates and treasury management and liquidity management) on the company's sustainability by 16% amplifies.‏ ‏‏ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Adapting to Drought from Sustainability Dimensions in Nomads via Factor Explaining
Sh. Shokri S. M. Hosseini S. M. Mirdamadi -
Open Access Article
45 - A review on application of biochar (biological coal) bioabsorbent in environmental sustainability with the approach of energy, water, and agriculture
Laleh Ghafghazi Lobat TaghaviProviding sustainable sources of energy, global warming, and maintaining soil health are the main challenges of the 21st century. Biochar has great potential in addressing these global issues and can be effective in achieving sustainable development goals. Biochar obtai MoreProviding sustainable sources of energy, global warming, and maintaining soil health are the main challenges of the 21st century. Biochar has great potential in addressing these global issues and can be effective in achieving sustainable development goals. Biochar obtained from waste biomass (plant residues, urban and rural wastes) is a catalyst for the anaerobic digestion process and increases bioenergy production due to its mineral content and buffering capacity. This article is the result of reviewing valid online papers from Google Scholar, Science Direct, Research Gate, Elsevier, and Springer. The Results showed high advantages of biochar for using in the production of renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gases. Biochar potentially increases methane and hydrogen productions in anaerobic digestion and is efficient in on-site biogas enrichment, leading to biomethane production with a purity of more than 90%. On the other hand, it can be a cheap and potential replacement for the electrode of microbial fuel cells and reduce the cost of ion-based batteries. The application of biochar in the agricultural ecosystem increases carbon sequestration in soil and reduces methane and nitrogen oxide emission. The structural characteristics such as high surface area, optimal pore distribution, surface reactivity, hydrophobicity, and many functional groups make this adsorbent a suitable choice for the remediation of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The potential of sustainable use of biochar in biological energy production (biogas and biohydrogen), reduction of greenhouse gases, carbon sequestration and soil health, and wastewater treatment along with its future challenges and perspectives is necessary with the Nexus approach of energy, water, and agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Effect of Organizational Silence on Employees’ Performance According to Mediating Role of Organizational Culture
hajieh rajabi farjad somayeh rezaeiIntroduction and purpose of the Research: organizational culture, identifies the social identity of each organization and many of organizations have realized this obvious conundrum that most employees know the facts in relation to organizational issues and problems, but MoreIntroduction and purpose of the Research: organizational culture, identifies the social identity of each organization and many of organizations have realized this obvious conundrum that most employees know the facts in relation to organizational issues and problems, but don’t dare to express this facts. In fact, organizational silence is a non - efficient process that eliminates all organizational efforts. Current study is conducted to investigate the effect of organizational silence on employee performance considering the mediating role of organizational culture of the headquarters of the University of medical Science and Health Services in Iran. Methods: Research method based on the goal was Applica tonal and descriptive one. The statistical universe of this research which included all employees in headquarters of the University of Medical Sciences and health services in Iran, were 214 persons which among them, using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method, 138 individuals were considered as the sample size. Data were collected using Van Dyne et al. (2003) standard 15 - question questionnaire study for organizational silence, Denison (2000) fifty -question questionnaire of organizational culture and 40 questions to measure the performance of employees based on the standard Hersi & Goldsmith (2005) questionnaire. Reliability of this questionnaire using Cronbach's Alpha for all dimensions of the questionnaire was more than 0.7 which showed the good reliability of research tools. In order to calculate the validity, construct validity is used and the results indicated validity of the tools (AVE> 0.5). Foundings: Data analysis was done using the structural equations modeling method. The results of the research indicate to the suitable fitness of conceptual model, based on the indices of acceptable and significant values of consistency coefficients, factor loads, explained variance and index of GOF. Conclusions: The results of the research showed that organizational science, with intermediating of the organizational culture on performance of the staff, influences meaningfully and is negative. Value of non-direct severity of the impact through the variable of mediating organizational culture with the use of the VAF index, was -0.426. Also, the effect of organizational silence on organizational culture, negatively and culture on employee performance, positive and meaningful, has been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Assessment of socio-cultural sustainability of rural tourism development in East Azarbaijan province
Fatemeh Kazemiyeh asma eidiThe purpose of this research was to measure the socio-cultural sustainability of tourism development in the target villages of East Azarbaijan province so that the negative socio-cultural consequences of tourism can be moderated or eliminated and the positive consequenc MoreThe purpose of this research was to measure the socio-cultural sustainability of tourism development in the target villages of East Azarbaijan province so that the negative socio-cultural consequences of tourism can be moderated or eliminated and the positive consequences can be strengthened with proper planning and management, and finally to the sustainable development that The ideal point of the tourism industry is achieved. The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the study was heads of households in four tourism target villages in East Azarbaijan province (N=819), which was calculated using the krejcie-Morgan table, the statistical sample size of 265 people. The findings of the research showed that the socio-cultural dimensions of tourism in the studied area have a moderate level of sustainability with an average of 0.563. Also, the prioritization of the studied villages in terms of the level of social and cultural stability also showed that Ushtabin village with a score of 0.624 had the highest rank and Totah khaneh village with a score of 0.493 had the lowest rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Application of social lifecycle approach in assessing social sustainability (Case Study:Menarid Project)
sara hajialiani Farahnaz Rostami mostafa Ahmadvand Ali Asghar Mirakzadeh Hossein AzadiIntroduction, the necessity of paying attention to social and understandable aspects of social sustainability during the evaluation of development projects is one of the most important and key tools in planning and policies for growth and development by governments.Mate MoreIntroduction, the necessity of paying attention to social and understandable aspects of social sustainability during the evaluation of development projects is one of the most important and key tools in planning and policies for growth and development by governments.Materials and Methods:The overall paradigm of this mixed research is sequential-exploratory (qualitative-quantitative). In terms of controlling variables, it is non-experimental and in terms of purpose, it is an applied-developmental research. In the sequential-exploratory project, first the process of collecting and analyzing qualitative data is done and then these results are used for quantitative (questionnaire) section. Finally, both quantitative and qualitative analyses are interpreted and analyzed in one place. Results and Discussion :The findings indicated the fact that social sustainability was maximum in the time constraints of the project implementation and among the components of social sustainability, the component of social participation was identified as important points and high effects on social sustainability. Conclusions: The results of social sustainability assessment based on the social lifecycle approach can promote things such as creating a common view on comprehensive management of natural resources, sharing past information, advanced and planned development activities, better coordination of measures with existing investment, improving the design and regulation of future projects and plans, and identifying and addressing the main obstacles and bottlenecks for the development of successful approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Sociological explanation of the effect of social capital on sustainable urban development
masuod darabi Sustainability is one of the issues that have been emphasized in recent years in various societies,especially in urban communities; in the path of sustainability, social capital plays a very important role. In sucha way that sustainable development has defined its More Sustainability is one of the issues that have been emphasized in recent years in various societies,especially in urban communities; in the path of sustainability, social capital plays a very important role. In sucha way that sustainable development has defined its role in the social environment, including social capital, byconsidering concepts such as social justice, comprehensive development and social welfare. Therefore, thepurpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social capital and sustainable urbandevelopment, which used the theories of Giddens, Patenam, Fukuyama, Coleman and Driskel. The surveyresearch method and data collection tool, the questionnaire is reliable and valid. The statistical population iscitizens over 18 years of age in Tehran; the sample size is 393 people, which was obtained using Cochran'sformula and multi-stage cluster method. The findings showed that the status of the social capital index and all itsvariables (social trust, social participation, social awareness, social cohesion, sense of social belonging andsocial relations network) and the index of sustainable urban development and its dimensions (environmentalsustainability, social sustainability, Economic stability, physical stability, and institutional sustainability werebelow average and below average. Explanatory findings showed that social capital and all its dimensions had adirect and significant relationship and impact on sustainable urban development. The results of regressionanalysis indicate that social capital and its components together explain 0.601 variance of sustainable urbandevelopment. The highest direct effects on beta coefficient were 0.423 social confidence and 0.365 socialparticipation on sustainable urban development, respectively. In order to test the general and partial theory ofthe theoretical model, structural equation modeling was used. The high fitness indices indicate that the data arevery well supported by the theoretical foundations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - An Analytical Approach in Acknowledging the Elements, Indices and Characteristics of Urban Sustainable Development
Mohammadreza Pourjafar Zahra Khodaie Ali Pourkheiri -
Open Access Article
51 - Design and Providing a Model to Assess the Effects of Cultural Capital on Aspects of Sustainable Urban Development with an Emphasis on Clean Energy
Mehrdad Navabakhsh Maryam Sabeti -
Open Access Article
52 - performance evaluation of the urban management in environmental sustainbility (Case Study : Area Number 2, Ahvaz City)
Masood Safaei Poor maryam azadbakhtThis research aims to study the performance of municipality and its effect on the urban living environment permanency of area number 2, of Ahvaz. The sample size (N=97458) was maintained as 384 people using the Morgan table. To determine the questionnaire coastal in thi MoreThis research aims to study the performance of municipality and its effect on the urban living environment permanency of area number 2, of Ahvaz. The sample size (N=97458) was maintained as 384 people using the Morgan table. To determine the questionnaire coastal in this paper, we used the Kronbach Alpha and the coastal coefficient was 0/84.To examine the theories,we applied the average comparison test. The results showed that the average performance of Ahvaz municipality in area number 2 regarding the urban living environment permanency was rated 3/56 with the scale deviance of 1/68 .The average comparison test results show that the meaningfulness stages of all the scales were below 0/05 . Then, to rate the role of municipality in improving these 8 indexes, we used the Topsis model. And with the use of prioritizing that we got by applying the Topsis model, the green areas, soil, and sonic indexes with the average priority coefficient of 0.50 were the highest scales affecting the role of urban management, while the sewage index with the coefficient rate of 0.25 and Transportation, polluting jobs and water pollution with the coefficient rate of 0.08 in priority followed as the average and lowest scales, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - The new urban park design for the development of children's creativity
زینب سادات میرحبیبیان حسینی نسیم اشرافیکودکان و خلاقیت آنان یکی از عوامل بسیار مهم هر جامعه میباشد. یکی از محیطهایی که تاثیر بسیار در سطح پرورش و خلاقیت کودکان دارد، پارکها هستند. در این بین، ایجاد فضاهایی متناسب با ویژگیهای روانشناختی کودکان برای تحقق بخشی به افزایش رشد خلاقیت و تدوین دستورالعمل های خاص برا Moreکودکان و خلاقیت آنان یکی از عوامل بسیار مهم هر جامعه میباشد. یکی از محیطهایی که تاثیر بسیار در سطح پرورش و خلاقیت کودکان دارد، پارکها هستند. در این بین، ایجاد فضاهایی متناسب با ویژگیهای روانشناختی کودکان برای تحقق بخشی به افزایش رشد خلاقیت و تدوین دستورالعمل های خاص برای ارائه خدمات به کودکان است...در این پژوهش، ضمن بررسی عوامل موثر بر افزایش و رشد خلاقیت کودکان سعی بر پیشنهاد طراحی مناسب برای پارکها در جهت این ارتقای میباشد. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش، به صورت تحلیلی توصیفی و با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه ای و مصاحبه می باشد.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Analysis of tourism development factors in Arasbaran region (case study Horand)
Ahmad Mehdi zadeh rahmat Mohammad zadeh Bashir BeygbabayThe tourism industry has extensive connections with the economic, social and other sectors. The Islamic Republic of Iran is in the top 10 countries in the world in terms of tourist attractions, but in terms of tourist attraction, not only among the countries of the worl MoreThe tourism industry has extensive connections with the economic, social and other sectors. The Islamic Republic of Iran is in the top 10 countries in the world in terms of tourist attractions, but in terms of tourist attraction, not only among the countries of the world but also among the Middle East countries does not have a worthy and desirable position. Development requires managerial, economic, social, institutional and structural development, which has unfortunately been neglected. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the social and economic components in the development of Horand tourism. This research is of an applied type considering that it will develop applied knowledge in a specific field. Since this research intends to describe the development of the tourism industry with a historical-cultural, climatic, geographical and socio-economic approach, it will be a survey. Sampling in this study is random and 385 people. Findings show that there is a significant relationship between climatic and geographical factors, social and economic factors, cultural and historical factors and tourism development in the Horand region. The results show that 28% of changes in tourism development are explained by changes in social and economic factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Cities, The World Greenhouse
زهره FaniCities are contaminator with over consumption. Because of this situation, they aresubjected to many ecologic dangers and pressures. Therefore they distinct as unevenand unequal places; This process far away them from sustainable eco-city. This papersearch and study sust MoreCities are contaminator with over consumption. Because of this situation, they aresubjected to many ecologic dangers and pressures. Therefore they distinct as unevenand unequal places; This process far away them from sustainable eco-city. This papersearch and study sustainable eco-cities; the ways of structural reforms in the diseasedcities for instance; Limits of physical growth, Demanding Health, Transport and size –shape of cities, Food, Water and Waste.The World Bank was pronouncing that sustainable urban development and ecocityhave conditions as follow:-The livable;-The efficient local management;-Be able to competition;-The prosperity from bank credits;. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Predict of Expand Informal Settlements in Urban of West Azerbaijan Province and Management Strategies
دکتر رحیم سرور مجید روستاOne of the problem in urban planning and Management in west Azarbaijan province is rapid Growth of urbanization and population and informal settlement in the recent 30 years. 4milion will increase before 1405 and it means more problems at province Government. The purp MoreOne of the problem in urban planning and Management in west Azarbaijan province is rapid Growth of urbanization and population and informal settlement in the recent 30 years. 4milion will increase before 1405 and it means more problems at province Government. The purpose of this research is prediction of expand of informal settlement in 1405 and to show the strategies of urban management. The part of problems at informal settlement is: The lack of housing places; Environment pollution; Decrease of feeling security and Growth of unemployment and social problems. So it is necessary to strategic planning for urban development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Measuring the Quality of Urban Underpass Performance to Reach Sustainability (Case Study: Valiasr underpass intersection, Tehran)
Jamileh Tavakolinia Hossein Raesi Parviz AghaeiIntroduction and purpose: Urbanization growth and the emergence of the metropolitan phenomenon caused several problems which include the transportation system and traffic. One solution to the above-mentioned problems proposed by urban researchers has been the constructi MoreIntroduction and purpose: Urbanization growth and the emergence of the metropolitan phenomenon caused several problems which include the transportation system and traffic. One solution to the above-mentioned problems proposed by urban researchers has been the construction of underpasses in cities. In the past few years, in Valiasr intersection areas in Tehran, similar problems of traffic congestion have been prevalent, making transportation and travelling difficult. Indeed, the construction of Valiasr underpasses wiped out some of the problems. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this underpass and its relationship to sustainability. Method: The research adopted descriptive-analytical methodology with the aim of being practical and developmental. Data were collected in two ways: library research and field studies. Field data were based on a sample size of 200 questionnaires. The garnered data were entered into SPSS software. For the analysis, in addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson test and ANOVA were used Findings: The obtained results showed that the performance was above average and the underpass in intersection of Valiasr with 7 indicators of traffic. Furthermore, the relationship between performance and sustainability was shown to be meaningful and significant (P>. 05). This also shows the regression relationship between indicators of performance and sustainability in one way ANOVA table Conclusion: Valiasr Intersection underpass can be considered as a successful urban project though there are some defects, the most important of which is why fellow citizens pass underground while automobiles move over the ground. However, this project was an inevitable response to existing problems and has been successful so far. Finally, in order to increase the efficiency of the underpass, some suggestions such as constructing elevators for the disabled or special individuals have been made Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Evaluation the Sustainability of Urban transportation Network through Analytical Network Process (ANP)(Case Study: District 21- Tehran)
Hanyeh Tavakoli Hamid SaberiIntroduction and Goals: Sustainable transportation is comprised of an integrated set of dynamic and continuous policies and guidelines, including economical, social and environmental goals which involve fair distribution and effective use of resources in order for next MoreIntroduction and Goals: Sustainable transportation is comprised of an integrated set of dynamic and continuous policies and guidelines, including economical, social and environmental goals which involve fair distribution and effective use of resources in order for next generations and also society’s transportation requirements to be met. The effects resulted from these sections will determine the method of orientation towards this goal. Till now, no common definition has been provided for sustainability. However, both sustainable development in general, and specifically sustainable transportation are seeking to find a balance between environmental, social and economical qualities, in provision of transportation facilities. Accordingly, sustainable transportation is an approach that “Reflects socio-environmental costs”. Method: This descriptive- analytical research is based on documentary-library studies. Through ANP (analytical network process), we have tried to consider all aspects in data analysis, including internal and external relationships between the elements constituting decision network, such as all alternatives, criteria and sub-criteria; so that, a conceptual model of ANP could be developed after classification of data. Findings: ANP model including numerous clusters and alternatives has been developed via Super Decision software and the results from examinations made in the software were analyzed. Eventually, some of the results are referred to in this research, due to high volume of the outputs. Results: The results show that, in evaluation of sustainability of urban transportation network in district 21 of Tehran as a case study, following levels of priority have been obtained in respect of regions: 1- Region two, 251371/0; 2- Region one, 616064/ and 3- Region three, 132565/0. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Designing the Pattern of Participatory Management in Sustainability of Saline Wetlands in Masileh Plain of Qom Province
Roya Akbari Mehdi Mirdamadi Seyed Jamali Farajollah Hossein Farhad LashgararaNowadays, wetlands are indispensable ecosystems and play a crucial role on the stability of cosystems in future. Considering the importance of sustainable management of the saline wetlands and their impacts, participatory patterns of sustainability management of the sal MoreNowadays, wetlands are indispensable ecosystems and play a crucial role on the stability of cosystems in future. Considering the importance of sustainable management of the saline wetlands and their impacts, participatory patterns of sustainability management of the saline wetlands in the plain of Masileh in Qom province is discussed in this paper. The population of this study includes all experts in Agriculture Organization of Qom province, Qom Regional Water Company and all Environmental Protection Department experts, Natural Resources and Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism of Qom, as well as the Subsidiary Department of these organizations that are located in Qom and Qomrud counties (the area of the Masileh Plain). The sample of the study are 251 experts, based on Cochran, selected through simple random sampling. Two section questionnaires were utilized for data collection, including participatory management section and sustainability section. The reliability of Questionnaire was measured through pre-test and analyzed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Meanwhile, the research committee confirms the validity of the questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient, one-sample t-test and path analysis were used through SPSS and Lisrel softwares for analyzing the data. The results showed that social sustainability, environmental sustainability and economic sustainability have significant and positive effects on the participatory management. In addition, the role of interest groups (consultation, intervention in planning, intervention in decision-making, motivation, independence, communication and individual rights) have significant and positive effects on the social, environmental, and economic sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Factors influencing sustainability of private extension services from the perspective of public sector experts in Zanjan and Qazvin provinces
Razieh Keshavarz Bahaghighat seyed mahmoud hosseini Seyed Jamal Hosseini Farhad LashgararaThis study examined the major effective factors on sustainability and continuity of private extension services from the perspective of public sector experts in Qazvin and Zanjan province based on the Structural Equation Modeling. The population of this study comprised p MoreThis study examined the major effective factors on sustainability and continuity of private extension services from the perspective of public sector experts in Qazvin and Zanjan province based on the Structural Equation Modeling. The population of this study comprised public sector experts who worked in Agricultural Extension Services Centers in Qazvin and Zanjan provinces (N=241). The study sample consisted of 148 public sector experts selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Validity was confirmed by face validity, convergent validity, and content validity and reliability was calculated using Composite Reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data was analyzed using Smart-PLS software based on Partial Least Squares approach. The findings showed that the infrastructure, education & extension, and economic factors had the most positive and significant effect on the sustainability and continuity of private extension activities from the perspective of public sector experts in Qazvin and Zanjan province, respectively. Due to the impact of the infrastructure factor, the organization of private extension network by the Agricultural Jihad Organization at first and the implementation of supportive policies to set up consulting start-ups such as information, education and culture to accept the culture of private promotion in the region, and accept A portion of the private promotion fee is offered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Explaining Factors Effecting on Horticulture Sector’s Sustainability (Case Study of Urmia County)
Sajjad Hesami Rishkani loghman rashidpour Soleiman Rasouli AzarSustainability and safety of agricultural products, particularly horticultural products, have a great importance in human nutrition community and can be a major factor on protection of sources and improving human health. The purpose of this study was to explain effectiv MoreSustainability and safety of agricultural products, particularly horticultural products, have a great importance in human nutrition community and can be a major factor on protection of sources and improving human health. The purpose of this study was to explain effective factors on sustainability of horticulture sector in Urmia County. This research based on aim is applied, on the basis of data collection is a library and field research with descriptive - survey type. The sample population consisted of 130 people from Gardeners were selected by using Morgan table. Multistage sampling was used to determine samples. The research instrument was consisted of researcher-made questionnaire that its validity confirmed with a supervisor, advisor. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability of different sections and its value was determined 0.87. Based on the findings, most of Gardeners about 41.5% had bachelor degree or higher. The average of work experience of gardening work among respondents was about 23 years and 77.7% of them had gardening work as their primary occupation. The results of factor analysis showed that effective factors on sustainability of horticulture sector in Urmia county can be classified in 7 factors, that totally explained 80.8% variance of effective factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Identifying Actors Affecting The Sustainability of Micro-Businesses in The Agricultural Sector in Khuzestan Province
Tahmasb MaghsoudiThe purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the stability of micro-businesses in the agricultural sector of the Khuzestan province. This research is applied; In terms of data collection was Non-experimental and correlational research. The statist MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting the stability of micro-businesses in the agricultural sector of the Khuzestan province. This research is applied; In terms of data collection was Non-experimental and correlational research. The statistical population was all micro-business managers were created after 2005 in Khuzestan province that agricultural credit has used, number to 14,000 units a business of agriculture. The sample size was calculated based on Cochran formula of 185 people. The main instrument for measuring variables, the questionnaire. To determine the validity, content validity method was used. Reliability of the instrument was established by calculating Cronbach's alpha for different parts of the questionnaire (0.86). Between size of business, number of years of activity, the number of people employed, the amount of initial capital, the current output value and sustainability of a business agriculture and there is a significant positive relationship. The results showed those four variables, the amount of investment, size of business, the value of current production and time business activity about 63.3 percent of variance to explain the factors affecting the sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Designing the Sustainability Model of Agricultural Small and Medium-Size Businesses in Kermanshah Province
leila sharafi Roohollah Rezaei Ali Asghar Mirakzadeh Esmaeel KaramidehkordiThis qualitative study was carried out with aim to design the model of sustainability of agricultural small and medium-sized businesses in Kermanshah province. The statistical population of this study consisted of the experts and key informants in Kermanshah province of MoreThis qualitative study was carried out with aim to design the model of sustainability of agricultural small and medium-sized businesses in Kermanshah province. The statistical population of this study consisted of the experts and key informants in Kermanshah province of which 20 persons were selected using the purposive sampling method and snowball technique. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The data collection process was continued until reaching theoretical saturation or usefulness threshold of available information. The software of MAXQDA 11 was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that the main dimensions of the sustainability of agricultural small and medium-sized businesses were economic sustainability (including financial performance, self-reliance and financial independence, customer and market performance, and innovation and business development), social sustainability (including social communications and interactions, social responsibility and mutual social trust) and environmental sustainability (including sustainable and healthy production, conservation and optimal utilization of environmental resources and waste management). Additionally, the results of the study indicated that the main factors affecting the sustainability of agricultural small and medium-sized businesses in Kermanshah province were intra-organizational factors (including family and personal factors of the manager, marketing factors, economic-financial factors, production factors and product characteristics, factors related to business characteristics and communication and information factors) and extra-organizational factors (including political-legal, infrastructural-supportive and factors related to extension interventions). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Sustainability Analysis of Specialized Tobacco Cultivation System in Golestan Province
Aliakbar Abbasi Rostami Saeed Mohammadzadeh Amir AhmadpourThis study aimed to sustainability analysis of specialized tobacco cultivation system in Golestan Province. Research method adopted a causal- correlational approach. The population of this research were all oriental tobacco growers of Golestan province and based on a Co MoreThis study aimed to sustainability analysis of specialized tobacco cultivation system in Golestan Province. Research method adopted a causal- correlational approach. The population of this research were all oriental tobacco growers of Golestan province and based on a Cochran formula 140 people was selected. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts, and its reliability was measured through Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.706 to 0.81. The findings results showed that 13% of sustainability of specialized tobacco cultivation system was very high, 40.8% was high, 28.6% was medium, 17.6% was low, and the most important effective factors on sustainability of specialized tobacco cultivation system was training and support service factors with path coefficient of 0.23 and 0.22. Also labor and economic empowerment status factors affected on Sustainability of specialized tobacco cultivation system in Golestan Province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Demographic Analysis of Villagers’ Perception toward Environmental Sustainability of Rural Areas in Baghmalek Township, Khuzestan Province
S.kosar Mousapour Amir Naeimi Roholah RezaeiThe goal of this descriptive survey research was to demographic analysis of villagers’ perception toward environmental sustainability of rural areas in Baghmalek Township. Statistical population of the study was rural households in central region of Baghmalek town MoreThe goal of this descriptive survey research was to demographic analysis of villagers’ perception toward environmental sustainability of rural areas in Baghmalek Township. Statistical population of the study was rural households in central region of Baghmalek township located at Khuzestan Province (N=3005). Sample size determined via Krejcie and Morgan’s table (n=341). Sampling method was proportional stratified random sampling. Research instrument was questionnaire. Face and content validity of the questionnaire revised and verified by panel of experts. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, a pilot test was conducted then Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated (α=0.80). Descriptive results showed that villagers’ perception toward environmental sustainability was less than moderate level. Results of Compare mean tests showed that there was a significant difference between perceptions of villagers who have participated in natural resource projects and those who have not participated toward environmental sustainability (ES). Results of One way ANOVA showed that there was a significant difference between perceptions of villagers with different occupations toward ES. Results of Correlation analysis showed that variable such as: duration of residence in the village and literacy had significant and negative relationships with perceptions of villagers toward ES. Moreover, size of agricultural land had a significant and positive relationship with perceptions of villagers toward ES. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Modeling Desalination of Brackish Water with the Electrodialysis Method, Using the Design of Experiments and the GMDH neural Network
Maryam Sharafi Mahmood AkbariBackground and Aim: Desalination of saline and brackish water as a relatively permanent resource is a reliable solution to compensate for water shortages. The Electrodialysis process, as one of the desalination methods, separates almost unsalted water from saline water MoreBackground and Aim: Desalination of saline and brackish water as a relatively permanent resource is a reliable solution to compensate for water shortages. The Electrodialysis process, as one of the desalination methods, separates almost unsalted water from saline water and is becoming a solution for water scarcity all over the worldworldwide. Modeling methods allow provide the study of desalination of saline and brackish water by the Electro Dialysisdialysis, as well as predicting the behaviors and process patterns of these systems. The purpose of this study is to model the Electrodialysis process by Design of Experiments and to evaluateing the GMDH neural network method in estimating the separation percentage and the output flux of the brackish water Electrodialysis cell.Method: The volumetric flow values in six levels (1, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL min-1), solute concentration in three levels (200, 500, and 1000 mg L-1), temperature in three levels (50 , 60, and 70°C), voltage at three levels (10, 20, and 30 V) and pressure at three levels (200, 400, and 800 Pa) were extracted. In order to model the effect of each above inputs on the separation percentage and output flux of brackish water Electrodialysis cells, The full factorial design and the GMDH neural network were are used to model the effect of each above inputs on the separation percentage and output flux of brackish water Electrodialysis cells. In modeling the output of the Electrodialysis cell output using the GMDH neural network, after determining the input variables, randomization, normalization and segmentation of input and output variables were performeddone. For modeling, 90% of the data (437 samples) were randomly assigned for training and 10% of the data (49 samples) were are used for validation. On the other hand, due to having specific levels for each of the inputs, it was possible to use a Full Factorial experimental design.Results: The linear results of statistical regression analysis table results showeshowd that there is a significant difference between all simple and interaction effects of the treatments for the response variable of separation percentage and flux at the one percent level. With decreasing volume flow and solute concentration, and increasing temperature, voltage, and pressure, the separation percentage and output flux showed a significant increase. The results of modeling with the GMDH neural network showed demonstrates that in the training step, the prediction accuracy of separation percentage (R2=0.90, MBE=-0.16 and RMSE=7.48) and flux (R2=0.79, MBE =0.001 and RMSE=0.08). The These criteria same values in the testing step were are 0.85, -3, and 9.37 for separation percentage and 0.78, -0.008, and 0.07 for flux. Correlation of target and output data, proximity of target and output values to y = x diagram, low transgression of error values from zero value and proximity of error distribution (histogram) to normal distribution were obtained. Conclusion: After determining the significant differences of all simple and interaction effects of treatments for response variables, the means were compared. It is ideal to Hhaveing more separation percentage and output flux response variables was ideal. Therefore, the results of comparing the means showed illustrate that the best volumetric flow level equal to 1 ml / min, input flow concentration of 200 mg / l, temperature of 70 ° C, input voltage of 30 volts and pressure of 800 Pascals, lead to the highest separation percentage and output flux. In addition, with decreasing volumetric flow, and decreasing solute concentration, and increasing temperature, increasing voltage and increasing pressure, separation percentage and output flux showed a significant increaserise. Also, according to the statistical indicators for the whole data, appropriate correlation, slightly underestimation, and small error were are obtained. ThereforeThus, using the Design of Experiments and GMDH neural network has suitable accuracy for modeling desalination of brackish water using the Electrodialysis process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Efficient and Sustainable Use of Water Resources in Khuzestan through Water Footprint Benchmarking
Samira Salari Fatemeh Karandish Parviz Haghighatjou Maite AldayaBackground and aim: Anthropogenic water scarcity is among global concerns which threats the sustainability of the world in future. Overexploiting limited blue water resources for supplying human’s growing food demand is the main root of such a scarcity. Being stil MoreBackground and aim: Anthropogenic water scarcity is among global concerns which threats the sustainability of the world in future. Overexploiting limited blue water resources for supplying human’s growing food demand is the main root of such a scarcity. Being still in its infancy, water footprint (WF) benchmarking is a proper method to determine the inefficient fraction of water consumption. Hence, we assessed if achieving benchmark levels can limit agricultural WF to its sustainable cap in Khuzestan province, which is the agricultural backbone of Iran.Method: The research consists of three stages including WF accounting, and sustainability and efficiency assessment. First, consumptive and degradative WFs were accounted for 32 in counties of Khuzestan province over the period 1986-2016. Green and blue WFs were accounted by dividing green and blue evapotranspiration by crop’s yield, respectively. The AquaCrop model was used to simulate daily evapotranspiration, and then, seasonal values were estimated by aggregating daily values. Grey WF was estimated for the applied nitrogen fertilizer in croplands. In the next stage, the sustainability status of water consumption pattern was assessed by dividing overall blue WF by blue water availability. The latter was estimated by subtracting environmental flow requirements from natural runoff. Thereafter, WF benchmarks were extracted for 10th, 25th, and 50th level of crop production, and based on which, the inefficient fractions of blue WFs were estimated for individual crops. Finally, inefficient blue WFs were compared with unsustainable ones to know if achieving benchmark levels can limit agricultural blue water consumption to its sustainable caps in the study area. A correlation assessment was also done to determine the main roots of inefficiency in Khuzestan province.Results: Along with a 63% increase in crop production and 53 increase in unit blue WF, the overall blue WF increased by 80% over the study period. Such an increasing pattern caused groundwater overexploitation with an annual average rate of 12 million m3 y-1. The contribution of green WF in consumptive WF decreased from 60% in 1986 to 48% in 2016. Overall grey WF, however, followed a decreasing trend, with an average annual decreasing slope of 140 m3 ha-1 y-1, which mainly occurred by a considerable reduction in cash crop’s grey WF. In 2016, a total of 0.98 billion m3 of blue water was consumed unsustainably, which was roughly 85% higher than one in 1986. The number of countries with unsustainable water consumption also increased from 2 counties in 1986, to 9 counties in 2016. Stable crops had the largest contribution in unsustainable WF. Based on the results of efficiency assessment, and considering WF benchmarks developed at 25th of crop production level, inefficient blue WF varies in the range of 0.26 to 606 million m3 y-1 in different counties in 2016. Compared with 1986, the inefficiency increased by 10-3860 m3 ha-1 in 16 counties in 2016. While achieving benchmark levels can reduce blue WF to its sustainable level at provincial scale, unsustainable blue WFs in Andimeshk and Ramshir counties are still 6.8 and 340.9 million m3 higher than the inefficient blue WFs, respectively. The correlation assessment showed that inefficiency increase along with any increase in added value by agricultural production and/or export, unit blue WF, blue water scarcity level, and access to groundwater consumption; while it decreases with any increase in the number of employees per ha, crop yield, and cash crop’s harvested area.Conclusion: WF assessment showed that crop production in Khuzestan province is done at the cost of deteriorating environment, which threats the stability of agricultural system in near future. While achieving benchmark levels helps with being limited to sustainable WF caps through removing inefficient blue WF fractions, there are still the risk of unsustainability in some regions, which indicates the importance of high-resolution assessments for determining hotspots. Hence, further research is required to determine temporal hotspots as well, in order to implement a proper sustainable development plans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The Impact of Tajan Irrigation and Drainage Network on Meeting the Environmental Flow Requirements of Water Resources
SeyedehZohreh Hashemi Abdullah Darzi-Naftchali Fatemeh Karandish Henk Ritzema Karim SolaimaniBackground and aim: In recent years, due to the repeated emphasis of the country's development programs on food security and promotion of self-sufficiency in the production of basic agricultural crops, many efforts have been made for agricultural development. Ignoring t MoreBackground and aim: In recent years, due to the repeated emphasis of the country's development programs on food security and promotion of self-sufficiency in the production of basic agricultural crops, many efforts have been made for agricultural development. Ignoring the sustainability of the environment, as one of the fundamental pillars of the sustainability of agricultural production systems, has put a lot of pressure on the fragile environment and especially on the aquatic ecosystems. One of the important aspects for assessing the sustainability of regional water resources is how to determine the long-term satisfaction of the environmental flow requirements (EFR) of the resources. This research investigates the satisfaction trend of quantitative and qualitative EFR of surface and groundwater resources in the area of Tajan Irrigation and Drainage Network (TIDN) in Mazandaran province.Method: Hydrological and qualitative EFR of surface water (S.EFR) including Tajan River (T.EFR) and Ab-bandans (A.EFR) and groundwater (G.EFR) was determined for pre (1997- 1984) and post (1998-2019) TIDN periods. Hydrological EFR of Tajan River is calculated using four hydrological methods: variable monthly flow (VMF), Tennant, Tasman and Smakhtin. The qualitative EFR of this river is determined based on the three main surface water pollutants in the region, including nitrogen, phosphorus and salinity. The minimum volume of water required to sustainably maintain Ab-bandan ecosystems is considered as A.EFR. Due to the fact that until now no specific method has been provided to determine the EFR of groundwater resources; in this research, by combining hydrologic and qualitative parameters such as the depth of groundwater, salinity and, nitrogen concentrations, the EFR of these resources is determined.Results: The average river flow before and after the operation of TIDN was 14.53 and 8.36 m3 s-1, respectively. Before TIDN, based on MVF, Smakhtin, Tasman, and Tennant methods, the hydrological EFR of the river satisfied in 79.1, 59.2, 69.1, and 90.1% of cases, respectively. The satisfaction was 53.4, 27.1, 41.4, and 73.3% of cases, respectively, during the TIDN operation. From nitrogen and salinity perspectives, the violation rates of the qualitative EFRs of this river during TIDN operation increased by 11.1 and 9.9%, respectively, compared to the pre-TIDN period. EC has the main role in the deficit of qualitative EFR of the river, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. The operation of TIDN caused an increase in the depth and nitrogen concentration of the groundwater, resulting in an increase in the unstable area regarding these two parameters during the operation period. Before the construction of TIDN, no part of the region had a hydrological EFR deficiency of more than 353 m3, but after that, about 40.6% of the region experienced higher deficiencies than this value. Also, the area with nitrogen related qualitative EFR deficiency rises from 13.4% in pre-TIDN to 35.6% in post-TIDN.Conclusion: The development of TIDN increases the violation of quantitative and qualitative EFR of surface and groundwater resources in the region. Considering the limitation of EFR satisfaction after TIDN, especially in low rainfall seasons, it seems necessary to revise the cropping pattern and irrigation method. Otherwise, the continuation of the current trend, through completely disrupting the ecological balance, will make agriculture unsustainable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Classification of Groundwater Sustainability Assessment Indicators in Aquifers of Arid and Semi-Arid Regions
Susan Hayeri Yazdi Maryam Robati Saeideh Samani Fariba Zamani HargalaniBackground and Aim: Considering the increasing dependence of humans on fresh water, especially groundwater, which is the most important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid regions, assessing the sustainability of aquifers is crucial. In this regard, assessment MoreBackground and Aim: Considering the increasing dependence of humans on fresh water, especially groundwater, which is the most important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid regions, assessing the sustainability of aquifers is crucial. In this regard, assessment indicators are used, which usually do not have a clear boundary between the classification of indicators and they overlap with each other in different fields such as economy, society and environment. Also, researchers usually rely on a number of indicators that can be measured for their case study. Due to this lack of data, in this article, an attempt has been made to collect and categorize various indicators that have been used to assess groundwater in aquifers in arid and semi-arid regions of the world.Method: This research has been a literature review of previous articles and studies in the world in the field of assessing the sustainability of groundwater based on different indicators. The course of movement and progress of these indicators in articles and their classification in environmental, social, economic and institutional categories has been in the framework of this research. Also, the composite indicators that have been prepared for topics under the sustainability subcategory, such as the water poverty index, have been considered in this research. The water poverty indicator is a subset of the competition criterion and a social indicator. This indicator has been proposed as a subset of the water competition criterion, which is an important indicator for measuring the level of poverty caused by water scarcity, especially in arid and semi-arid lands such as significant parts of West Asian countries. In other words, this indicator connects water and poverty. Results: The results indicate that the environmental indicators with a share of 63% have the highest number among the articles and physical indicators include more than half of the environmental indicators. After that, economic indicators with 18%, social indicators with 14% and institutional indicators with 7% are in the next ranks in terms of numbers, which shows the attention of experts to the importance of the environment and economy on the sustainability of aquifers.Conclusion: Although social indicators comprise only 13% of all indicators, but due to their importance and weight, they need more studying. Also, these types of indicators are mainly dependent on the case study, so using the studies of sociologists is a great help for real investigation and it will aim at the sustainability of aquifers. Also, due to the fact that sustainability evaluation is an interdisciplinary field, the selection of its indicators needs strong theoretical foundations, therefore, team work with the presence of different experts will increase the quality of the study results. Considering that the institutional indicators mainly play the role of the answer in the issue of aquifer sustainability, therefore, compiling institutional indicators in the future and including a logical weight for these indicators during the assessment of sustainability is very important in raising the quality of the assessment. Institutional indicators are mainly related to governance, and considering that the development approach is to reduce the concentration of management from top to bottom, there are fewer institutional indicators and the focus is on other indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Deficit irrigation simultaneously with reduced available water the solution to conservation of water resources in Qazvin plain
Abozar Parhizkari Mohammad Mahdi Mozaffari Mohsen Shokatfadaee Abolfazl MahmoodiIn the present study first the agricultural production functions was estimated based on three techniques of full irrigation and deficit irrigation 5 and 10 percent in order to presentation of the practical solution to conservation of surface and underground water MoreIn the present study first the agricultural production functions was estimated based on three techniques of full irrigation and deficit irrigation 5 and 10 percent in order to presentation of the practical solution to conservation of surface and underground water resources in Qazvin plain. The optimal amounts of cropping pattern were determined in Qazvin province by a non-linear programming model. Then, the effects of deficit irrigation was investigated on cropping pattern, water used and farmer’s gross marginal simultaneously with reduced available water under scenarios 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent. To estimating of the agricultural production functions was used Ordinary Least Squares method and Eviews software. The non-linear programming model was solved in GAMS software. The results of estimated production functions showed that deficit irrigation 5 percent creates a slight decrease in products yield. But, deficit irrigation 10 percent has the negative effect on yield of most products. The results of non-linear programming model showed although use of deficit irrigation 5 percent simultaneously with reduced available water policy creates the slight decrease in farmer’s gross marginal but this technique helps to maintain and sustainability of surface and underground water resources of Qazvin plain strongly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Measuring urban sustainability and its effect on quality of life indicators with integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach (Case study: District 2 of Tehran)
maryam robati Elmira HaghayeghiBackground and Objective: Environmental sustainability assessment is largely dependent on a thorough understanding of thefactors influencing sustainability and how they are selected. Therefore, the purpose of thisdissertation is to identify, select and localize the desi MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental sustainability assessment is largely dependent on a thorough understanding of thefactors influencing sustainability and how they are selected. Therefore, the purpose of thisdissertation is to identify, select and localize the desired indicators in relation to environmentalsustainability and on the other hand its relationship with quality of life indicators in District 2 ofTehran.Material and Methodology: The questionnaires were completed by two groups (experts and citizens) to determine the indicators and then analyzed and evaluated the research options were ranked using VIKOR and LINMAP methods. The options considered in this study are 9 areas in District 2 of TehranFindings: The results show that The results showed alpha coefficient was calculated to measure the internal stability of the questionnaires. According to the results, alpha is 0.954 based on the completed questionnaire in the environmental sustainability assessment section by expert and based on the supplementary questionnaires of citizens is 0.875 and this indicates a go degree of internal reliability of the questionnairesis.Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that out of 6 criteria considered in the environmental sustainability assessment section, physical criterion with So that zone 8 with a score of 1has the lowest amount of environmental sustainability and zone 2 with a score of 0 has the highest amount of environmental sustainability. Also, the ranking results of the 9 districts of Region 2 using the Linamp method show that District 2 has the highest rank in terms of quality of life indicators and District 8 has the lowest quality in terms of quality of life indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Measuring Villagers' Awareness of Sustainable Agriculture in Order to Preserve the Natural Ecosystem (Case study: Rural settlements along Lake Zarivar)
Hamid Jalalian Loqhman Javed Farhad Javan Zari GhasemiyanBackground and Objective: Environmental protection and natural ecosystems are among the principles of sustainable development in the countryside. Development is compatible with the preservation of environmental, biological and related resources. In this regard, the pres MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental protection and natural ecosystems are among the principles of sustainable development in the countryside. Development is compatible with the preservation of environmental, biological and related resources. In this regard, the present study aimed at evaluating environmental indicators based on the dimensions of sustainable development in rural settlements of Golchidar village in Marivan County. Method: The statistical population of this study was 16 villages of Golchider rural municipality (803) households, which were selected by available sampling method. The questionnaire was distributed using a sample size based on the number of households in each village. The research methodology is conducted in a descriptive and analytical manner, so that at the descriptive stage, the present situation is identified and in the process of work, using statistical analysis, we deduce and explain the results. Results: The results of environmental status indices using the Rij model in the studied villages indicate that among the 16 indicators surveyed, 8 indicators, 50% of the villages were in a complete state of instability and undesirable, in which the index of sewage facilities with a degree of sustainability 010 /. In the worst case, there are environmental indicators. One-sample t-test showed that there is a significant relationship between environmental indicators and the instability of rural settlements studied. Conclusion: Regarding the fact that rural areas of the study area are not in desirable condition. it is necessary to review the status of indicators of sustainable development in the village of Golchidar and to have proper and effective management factors for preserving the village and its ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Measuring the Sustainability of Green Human Resource Management in the Steel Industry
Elaheh Lashgari Alireza Shirvani Mohammadreza DelviBackground and Objective: Today, the increasing development of societies has led to the indiscriminate use of natural resources; Environmental degradation; various pollutions have been created and this factor is a threat to the sustainable development of these communiti MoreBackground and Objective: Today, the increasing development of societies has led to the indiscriminate use of natural resources; Environmental degradation; various pollutions have been created and this factor is a threat to the sustainable development of these communities. Therefore, it is necessary for organizations as the largest members of communities to recognize the effects of their behaviors on the environment and to take measures to reduce the negative effects of these behaviors on natural ecosystems. The purpose of this research is measuring the sustainability of green human resource management in the steel industry.Material and Methodology: The methodology of this research is developmental and combined and based on the nature of the research, an attempt was made to identify the dimensions of sustainability of green human resource management based on Meta Synthetic and Delphi analysis in the qualitative part of the research. Then, in a small part, Interpretive ranking process and Mick Mac were used to identify the most effective dimension of green human resource management sustainability at the level of steel companies.Fidings: These components were evaluated through Delphi analysis and the results of this section showed that all seven dimensions were approved. The results in the quantitative part of the research showed that from the total impact based on the pair scale between the components of the research, the percentage of the impact of the sustainability component of green professional identity flow has a more effective role in environmental sustainability than other components of green human resource management.Discussion & Conclusion: The identity of the green profession, which is based on the values of social contexts, can contribute to the sustainability of human resource management functions against the environment. In other words, the existence of stimuli arising from the functions of green human resource management will encourage adherence to values and social norms outside the organization, and this can pave the way for the formation of the dominant culture of green human resource management in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Agricultural Museum Site: An Educational Approach to Promoting Urban Environment
Neda Zarkesh Reza Sameh Mohammad Mehdi ZarrabiBackground and Objective: Nowadays, one of the most important strategies in the face of the increased population of cities is the design of green space in part of the urban structure. Empowerment at the urban and regional levels should meet the needs of life and respond MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, one of the most important strategies in the face of the increased population of cities is the design of green space in part of the urban structure. Empowerment at the urban and regional levels should meet the needs of life and respond to the needs of citizens. Agriculture has a valuable heritage in Iran and depreciating it in this rich and talented country not only threatens food security, but also endangers environmental health. Since issues such as population growth and climate change require considering the environment. The purpose of this article is to promote environmental conditions by creating an agricultural museum site and establishing a link between the man-made environment and natural environment in order to provide good conditions for education and create a good environmental culture and expand the recreational space. Methodology: The present study uses a descriptive and analytical research method. After describing the previous studies in this field as well as their function, the approaches and goals related to agricultural education in the city and its suburbs will be discussed and the proposed activities on Agricultural Museum Site will be classified into six factors and their impact on each of the mentioned approaches will be analyzed. Findings: The findings of the research show that urban and suburban agricultural approaches, productive urban landscape, design of ecosystems and performance analysis of each one, including their educational, tourism, recreational, economic, social and cultural roles and climatic changes help promote the quality of the natural environment Discussion and Conclusion: The Agricultural Museum Site is a naturalistic approach and presented as an educational approach to promote the urban environment in this research. Therefore, the allocation of urban and suburban lands to productive lands, such as the Agricultural Museum Site and its proper management as part of the social spaces of cities and a place for social interactions have helped revive the green space and improve the quality of the living environment in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Evaluation of Environmental Sustainability East Azerbaijan Province
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshgi Mohammad Hossein Aslani Alavi Ghilamreaz AhmadzadehIntroduction: Environmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to as MoreIntroduction: Environmental sustainability assessment is one of the most important tools in the process of sustainable development planning and therefore attention to it in policy-making and planning is inevitable. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to assess and evaluate the degree of environmental sustainability among the cities of East Azerbaijan province.Material and Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study is 20 cities of East Azerbaijan provinces. In order to evaluate and rank the environmental sustainability, 13 indicators of environmental components of the cities of the province were selected from the statistical yearbook of 2012. These variables were weighed using Shannon entropy method was used.Findings: Findings indicate differences in environmental sustainability among cities in the province. So that out of 20 cities, 4 sustainable cities (Ajabshir, Bonab, Varzeqan and Marand with scores of 0.0271, 0.1510, 0.1810 and 0.2144, respectively), 2 relatively stable cities (Bostanabad and Jolfa respectively) With a score of 0.2795 and 0.3846), 6 semi-sustainable cities (Tabriz, Maragheh, Malekan, Schister, Khodaafarin and Miyaneh with a score of 0.4755, 0.5145, 0.59393, 0.5832, 0.5933 and respectively 0.6459), 5 relatively semi-unstable cities (Charavimaq, Harris, Kalibar, Sarab and Azarshahr with scores of 0.6879, 0.7244, 0.796, 0.760 and 0.8125, respectively) and 3 cities (Osko, Ahar) And Hashtrood with a score of 0.836, 0.9001 and 0.9999, respectively) are among the deprived cities of the province in terms of environmental conditions that have less environmental sustainability.Results and Discussion: The results of the research indicate that the cities of East Azarbaijan are in a semi-stable position in terms of environmental sustainability. In general, it can be seen that most of the cities in the process of environmental sustainability are in a semi-stable and relatively unstable state and need more priority to implement sustainable development plans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Assessment Bio Capacity and Ecological Footprint of Urban Ecosystems (Case study: Hamedan)
Parisa Farhadi Alireza Eldermi Mirmihardad MigranirBackground and Purpose: Knowledge of the ecological conditions prevailing in the region is essential to achieve sustainable development and reduce the increasing degradation of natural resources and the environment. The ecological footprint index is of great interest as MoreBackground and Purpose: Knowledge of the ecological conditions prevailing in the region is essential to achieve sustainable development and reduce the increasing degradation of natural resources and the environment. The ecological footprint index is of great interest as a way to measure levels of sustainability. In this study, using the ecological footprint index of Hamedan urban ecosystem in 2014, it was studied. Material and Methods: In this study, ecological traces of consumption in two parts of consumption and production of the city were evaluated. The ecological footprint of the consumption sector was estimated in each of the four urban areas and using SPSS software, a significant difference between the areas, was determined. Results: The results showed that per capita ecological footprints in the consumption sector, including housing, transportation services, goods and food, were 0.13 globalhectares. The most significant ecological footprints in this section was of transportation with 3980.499 (gh) and the least important Foot print in this regard was food with 3864.6 global hectare; therefore, the urban living capacity was determined 0.59 globl hectare. Conclusion: The results indicate that the ecological footprint of the consumption sector does not create the unsustainability of the urban ecosystem and, by creating an ecological surplus in this part, the city of Hamedan is introduced as a creditor of ecology. Which indicates in this sector that the demand is lower than the supply. Besides, there is no significant difference between the ecological effects of consumption in four urban areas. It was also concluded that there was an ecological deficiency in production sector which indicates of ecosystem bioaccumulation consumption and it could disturb the ecological stability of the ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Zoning, zones management and landscape design periphery of Iranian ancient trees (Case study: Mongabad Mehriz old cedar)
Mohammad hadi Rad Mohammad hosan Irannejad parizii Saed Reza Mahdavi Amin YeganehBackground and Objective: Old trees are considered as rich genetic resources and valuable natural monuments. Among the old trees, the natural heritage of Mongabad Mehriz old cedar has always been the attention of people in Yazd province, especially the people of Mehriz MoreBackground and Objective: Old trees are considered as rich genetic resources and valuable natural monuments. Among the old trees, the natural heritage of Mongabad Mehriz old cedar has always been the attention of people in Yazd province, especially the people of Mehriz city, Iran. For the management and conservation of this tree, zoning, zones management planning and landscape design were needed and necessary. Material and Methodology: The base of this classified was IUCN classification and its match to the realities and comprehensive plan of the Mehriz city. Due to the review of the resources and conditions available, the perimeter of the cedar was classified in a range of 300m in different zones, contains management and recreational zones. Board capacity was also calculated for recreational activities in the tree area. Findings: The results of zoning studies showed that 4 zones as management zones and 2 zones as recreational zones are of special importance and should be considered. Management zones include restricted nature zone, protected zone, shield Zone, and other uses zone were with an area of 2826, 5024, 23550 and 251200 m2 respectively. Type I and II type promenade zone were 11664 and 15000m2. By mapping and identifying the physical status all of the zones, the necessary proposals for each one of the zones were presented. In this regard ecological sustainability of the environment and tree health were considered. Based on this view, in order to organize the tree for the promenade, the landscape design (with the maximum maintenance of the existing green space and surrounding monuments) was taken. The capacity of the range for recreational activities were estimated at 276 people per day. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that although activities performed in the recent years around the cedar have been the main and influential factor on tree health, but by designing and implementing management and recreation programs in the form of proposed zones, it is possible to rebuild with a focus on tree health and tourism boom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Assessing the Social Sustainability of Neighborhoods Using Participation Indicators (Case study: Hesarak Neighborhood Adjacent to Islamic Azad University of Science and Research)
amir sanaee farah habib Iraj Etesam< p >Background and Aims: Universities play a significant role in sustainable development in various aspects, especially sustainable local social development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a neighboring university on the soc More< p >Background and Aims: Universities play a significant role in sustainable development in various aspects, especially sustainable local social development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a neighboring university on the social sustainability of the neighborhood using participation indicators.< p >Material and Methods: This research was conducted by survey method with the help of a researcher-made questionnaire with 29 items that the respondents of the questionnaire are residents of 18-75 years of Hesarak neighborhood. The statistical population of this study, the residents of the neighborhood, was estimated at about 7090 people, of which 400 people were collected as a statistical sample with required information in year 2018. The validity of the questions was assessed by calculating Cronbach''s alpha coefficient and one-way t-test was used to analyze the questionnaires and finally Friedman ranking test was used to weigh the research indicators.< p >Findings: The analysis of social sustainability indicators shows that, contrary to expectations, the biggest problem of this neighborhood is related to social instability due to weakness in the level of participation. Therefore, one of the strongest tools to create participation in the neighborhood is to increase local, cultural and recreational group participation and flexible monitoring of group and group activities by creating a sense of trust between the university and neighborhood residents.< p >Discussion and Conclusion: The analysis of the social effects of Azad University on the surrounding neighborhood indicates that the Azad University of Science and Research has had positive effects on the neighborhood (Hesarak neighborhood). According to the studies of this research, the effect on social participation at a high level and the effect on social cohesion in the next category and finally, social architecture and support has the lowest level, which can be in the absence of a comprehensive approach. University officials considered the relationship between the university and the spatial, social and cultural structure of the surrounding neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Content Analysis of Math Textbooks in the First level of Primary School Based on the Components of Sustainability Education with Shannon Entropy Technique
Seyedeh Zahra Shamsi Papkiade Mohammadreza sarmadi Elahe Aminifar Seyed Mohammad ShobeiriBackground and Objective: The existence of unique challenges in the present age has caused the need for real changes in a completely new way of thinking and acting in society. Therefore, the use of sustainability education in the production of fully aware human resource MoreBackground and Objective: The existence of unique challenges in the present age has caused the need for real changes in a completely new way of thinking and acting in society. Therefore, the use of sustainability education in the production of fully aware human resources, especially given the basic skills of understanding and knowledge required in the 21st century, is critical. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the content of the first grade primary mathematics textbooks based on the components of sustainability education. Material and Methodology: The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. Unit of analysis (images, text, class activity and practice and class work). The statistical population is the mathematics textbooks of the first primary school. In this study, the entire content was analyzed based on three components of sustainability education (economic, social and environmental). The sample size was the same as the statistical population and was considered as a census. To confirm the validity and checklist, face and content validity with the opinions of experts was used and its reliability was 0.92 by Holstie method and Shannon entropy method was used to process the collected data. Findings: Findings showed that environmental images in all three levels have a higher frequency than the other unit of analysis and among all the components of sustainability education, the environmental component in all the first primary courses had the highest and the lowest economic frequency. Also, based on the information load criterion and the coefficient of importance, the environmental criterion has the highest value in the first grade and the social criterion in the second and third grades. Also, sustainability education in the second and third grades were the same. Discussion and Conclusion: The affidavits emphasize that the necessary balance and coherence between the three components of sustainability education has not been established and that the components of sustainability education have not been given due attention in the content of the first period math textbooks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Reviewing and comparing common systems for assessing neighborhood sustainability
sama barati Kianoosh Zakerhaghighi arash baghdadiBackground and Objective: Many communities, mainly in the developed world, use neighborhood sustainability assessment programs and systems to measure their success near proximity to sustainable development goals. The characteristics and success of these systems in cover MoreBackground and Objective: Many communities, mainly in the developed world, use neighborhood sustainability assessment programs and systems to measure their success near proximity to sustainable development goals. The characteristics and success of these systems in covering the various dimensions of sustainability is an issue that should be considered by urban planners and designers. In this research, to recognize and identify the limitations and capabilities of the neighborhood sustainability assessment systems; four known systems in this field, namely LEED-ND, BREEAM-Communities, CASBEE-UD, and DGNB-NSQ, have been critically reviewed. Material and Methodology: In this research, with a broad review of texts and a comparative study of four neighborhood sustainability assessment systems, using content analysis method to issues such as comparing structure and classification, the weight of topics and criteria, the amount of sustainability coverage and so on have been addressed. After comparing the general comparison of neighborhood sustainability assessment systems, a comparative framework based on four dimensions of urban sustainable development has been created in the form of 8 issues. Findings: Despite observing the treelike structure in the systems, differences in the importance of the subjects and the degree of sustainability coverage are noticeable. Studies have shown that more than 68% of the evaluation criteria emphasize the environmental dimension and the two issues of land use-urban context-building layout with more than 20% and resources (energy, water, materials) with more than 13%, were recognized as important and influential subjects in the process of evaluating neighborhoods. However, the approach of systems has been different on other issues. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the systems under study, despite providing useful operational methods to assess sustainability due to excessive focus on the environmental dimension and the same neglect of other dimensions of sustainability, have not been effective in assessing the sustainability of neighborhoods as a whole And they need more maturity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Evaluation and Comparison of Rain Fed and Irrigated Wheat Sustainability in Golestan Province
farzaneh bahadoran Azam Rezaee farshid eshraghi Ali keramatzadehBackground and Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the sustainability of rain fed and irrigated wheat products in Golestan province. Method: The required data were collected from Golestan Agricultural Jihad Organization, Agricultural Jiha MoreBackground and Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the sustainability of rain fed and irrigated wheat products in Golestan province. Method: The required data were collected from Golestan Agricultural Jihad Organization, Agricultural Jihad Agricultural Production Cost System and also by completing the questionnaires. Also, to weighing criteria and sub-criteria that determines the sustainability, some expert’s opinions in agricultural economics, agricultural extension and education, environment, agronomy and plant protection were used. Finally, using aggregation of economic, social and environmental indicators, the sustainability of the irrigated and rain fed wheat in Golestan province during 2015-2016 was evaluated and compared. Hierarchical analysis method was used for achieving the research purpose. Findings: The results of this study showed that rain fed wheat in the environmental indices (fertilizer use, pesticides use, irrigation water, farm machinery and combined agriculture) with the score of 0.679is more compatible with the environment than irrigated wheat with a score of 0.331. Also, in economic indices (gross margin of agriculture, product gross margin, crop yield and insurance yield), irrigated wheat with the score of 0.538 was more sustainable than rain fed wheat, with a sustainability score of 0.462. Finally, in social indicators (level of education, age of farmers, labor sub jobs and family size), rainfed wheat with a score of 0.56 is more sustainable than irrigated wheat with a score of 0.44. In addition, the overall sustainability index indicates that rainfed wheat is more sustainable than irrigated wheat. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended that wheat cultivation should be promoted with dehydration-resistant species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Achieving Environmental Sustainability in Modern Housing by Introducing Nature
nafiseh yari boroujeni mahdi saedvandi armin bahramianBackground and Objective: In modern houses connection to nature is faded out and their habitats are approaching towards degrading their surrounding environment. This research investigates the ways by which we connect to nature as one of the principles of environmentally MoreBackground and Objective: In modern houses connection to nature is faded out and their habitats are approaching towards degrading their surrounding environment. This research investigates the ways by which we connect to nature as one of the principles of environmentally sustainable development in housing and also seeks to answer the questions that what the characteristics of nature-compatible housing are in order to fulfill the objectives of environmental sustainability. Method: Data collection was conducted through library resources, the analysis of qualitative and descriptive study was conducted to analyze their content. In this regard the components, principles and key sentences bases of the three spheres of sustainability, nature and housing were extracted. After that components and points obtained were classified. Then, in order to achieve the aimed housing characteristics, the components correlation to each other and their implementation was analyzed by authors. Eventually a list of measures necessary to achieve these characteristics was finalized. Findings: the results indicate that it is necessary to considering measures to communicate directly with nature, restoring the natural environment and conserving natural resources, reducing energy consumption and increasing exposure to sunlight, reducing environmental pollution, harmonizing form-shape of the building with the environment and appropriate materials selection and their implementation in the home design process one. Discussion and Conclusion: It seems by considering the constant presence of nature in the organization of housing spaces, preservation of existing vegetation, respecting the natural shape of the site and so on is able to design housing which maintains and strengthens the relationship between people and nature. This in turn falls in line with the principles of environmental sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Energy Flow and Greenhouse Gases Emission of Crop Production Systems in South Khorasan Province
hamed javadi Seyed Mohammad Jafar EsfahaniBackground and Objective: In recent years, excessive use of agricultural inputs has increased energy consumption and greenhouse emissions. This study aims to investigate the energy flow and greenhouse gases emissions in the production systems of some crops in South Khor MoreBackground and Objective: In recent years, excessive use of agricultural inputs has increased energy consumption and greenhouse emissions. This study aims to investigate the energy flow and greenhouse gases emissions in the production systems of some crops in South Khorasan province. Material and Methodology: In the current research, a questionnaire, as well as face-to-face interviews with the farmers in this region (2018), were used to collect the required information, including agricultural operations, the type and amount of consumed inputs and product performance. In the present research, input energy, output energy, net energy, specific energy, optimal energy consumption, energy efficiency indices, different forms of energy, and Global warming potential were calculated and evaluated. Findings: The results showed that the process of alfalfa production had the highest energy consumption. On the other hand, Sugar beet (571,200 MJ.ha-1), fodder sorghum (391,920 MJ.ha-1) and alfalfa (120,870 MJ.ha-1) have the highest energy output, respectively. A comparison of the studied products showed that rapeseed (27.6 MJ.kg-1) and cotton (15.3 MJ.kg-1) have the maximum specific energy index. The ecosystems of alfalfa (41566 kg CO2eq.ha-1), sugar beet (29179 kg CO2eq.ha-1), fodder sorghum (27396 kg CO2eq.ha-1) had the maximum of global warming potential (GWP), respectively. Comparing the share of different inputs from the total global warming potential of the products showed that electricity, nitrogen fertilizer, and diesel play the greatest role in greenhouse gas emissions in all the studied products. Discussion and Conclusions: Since electricity and nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest role in the greenhouse gases emission from crops in South Khorasan province, management and optimization of irrigation performance and appropriate agricultural activities such as green manure crops or legumes cultivation to increase soil fertility, can be a solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the South Khorasan region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Analyze and Prioritize Factors Affecting Wheat Production with an Emphasis on Environmental Sustainability
Ali Sardar Shahraki Neda Aliahmadi Mahdi SafdariBackground and Objective: Knowledge and information on the environment play a major role in the activities of the community. These information’s pave the way for the development of human societies and reduce environmental problems. Today, environmental threats hav MoreBackground and Objective: Knowledge and information on the environment play a major role in the activities of the community. These information’s pave the way for the development of human societies and reduce environmental problems. Today, environmental threats have been taken into consideration by human beings and focused on public opinion. The reason for these threats is that it has created major problems in terms of environmental sustainability and, on the other hand, much attention has been paid to the issue of sustainability and environmental health in agricultural production due to its harmful effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate and prioritize factors affecting wheat production with an emphasis on environmental sustainability. Method: the statistical population includes 50 experts and experts in agriculture Jihad in Sistan region, using fuzzy hierarchical analysis and demetal analysis techniques. Findings: The results of the fuzzy AHP indicate that the educational-promotional dimension is the highest (0.45) and then management (0.31), technical (0.12) and economic (0.10) respectively. Also, the results are shown using the DEMATEL method The first educational extension followed by the administrative, technical and economic dimensions of 34.44%, 32.17%, and 33.31% on wheat production in Sistan region. Discussion and Conclusion: Therefore, it is recommended that educational programs be promoted by the farmers of Sistan Agricultural Jihad for wheat farmers, taking into account the farmers' needs and the rural conditions of the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Evaluation of Ecotourism Sustainability Marketing Strategies in Iran Free Zones: (A Case Study of Arvand Free Zone)
Nasrin Zabihi Samani Abdolhadi Darzian Azizi Belgheis BavarsadBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is Evaluation of Ecotourism Sustainability Marketing Strategies in Arvand Free Zone. Material and Methodology: In this study, in the qualitative section, first, researches related to the subject were e MoreBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is Evaluation of Ecotourism Sustainability Marketing Strategies in Arvand Free Zone. Material and Methodology: In this study, in the qualitative section, first, researches related to the subject were explored through meta-analysis in order to determine the strategic themes of sustainable ecotourism marketing. Then, based on Delphi analysis, an attempt was made to confirm the level of reliability of the research content with the identified themes. Finally, in a small part, through structural interpretive analysis, the research evaluated the strategic themes of sustainable ecotourism marketing. Findings: The results of the research in the qualitative section showed that out of a total of 11 initially approved researches, 7 researches were selected to identify sustainable ecotourism marketing themes. Through content screening, 10 themes were identified to enter Delphi analysis to determine their reliability. In this section, 8 final themes were included in the quantitative analysis section. The results in the quantitative section showed that the most effective strategic theme of sustainable ecotourism marketing is the use of education in recycling; Water consumption management, etc. in sustainable ecotourism marketing is at the fourth level of this model. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that marketing in the form of sustainable development of ecotourism focuses on aspects of raising the level of knowledge and awareness of its audience that can strengthen the sense of social responsibility and commitment to environmental protection in lovers of this field of marketing programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Interpretation of Effectiveness of the Consequences of Green Tax Sustainability based on Themes of Thick Decision
Behzad Ghobadi Houshang Amiri Ghasem RekabdarPurpose: Among all kinds of government resources, taxes, as a permanent and predictable source, have always been the focus of government officials. Economists are always trying to introduce new tax bases that create the least inefficiency in the economic system, among w MorePurpose: Among all kinds of government resources, taxes, as a permanent and predictable source, have always been the focus of government officials. Economists are always trying to introduce new tax bases that create the least inefficiency in the economic system, among which the "green tax" that is applied on a cost basis has such a feature. This type of tax will be able to successfully increase the quality of the environment; but whether it can replace other taxes, is a double benefit hypothesis that must be considered separately. The purpose of this research is Interpretation of Effectiveness of the Consequences of Green Tax Sustainability based on Themes of Thick Decision. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology of this research is a mix methodology and it has been used by Meta-synthesis, Delphi and Rough Theory. The target population was the qualitative, similar research and academic experts in the field of accounting. But the target population in a small part was 22 managers of capital market companies, which is acceptable from the statistical population due to the requirement of rough theory analysis. In this study, based on the meta-combined analysis of the selected researches, 6 crowded / pluralistic decision propositions and 4 consequential components of green tax sustainability were determined, which entered the Ruff collection analysis phase due to the confirmation of theoretical adequacy based on Delphi analysis. Finding: The results in this section identify the most influential crowded / pluralistic decision-making proposition, the three propositions of social responsibility in decision-making; It was the reduction of conflict of interest in decision-making and the legitimacy of decision-making that affects green tax sustainability and reduces emissions as the most effective component of green tax sustainability consequence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Granting legal personality to the elements of nature in the light of sustainable development
Zahra Sharegh Hossein RezazadehAfter World War II , the concept of sustainable development was introduced in order to balance the protection of the environment with the enjoyment of fundamental human rights, including the right to development; So that the exercise of human rights is not an excuse to MoreAfter World War II , the concept of sustainable development was introduced in order to balance the protection of the environment with the enjoyment of fundamental human rights, including the right to development; So that the exercise of human rights is not an excuse to destroy the environment. In fact, human beings realized that any damage to the environment ultimately endangers human beings and their dignity, and therefore, along with economic and social elements, environmental sustainability was identified as one elements of sustainable development. The present study seeks to examine how some governments, by identifying legal personality for the elements of nature, have taken steps towards environmental sustainability and ultimately the realization of sustainable development. It is a type of basic research that is descriptive-analytical and using library resources as well as using electronic resources including books, articles, dissertations, official conferences related to the subject (regional and international)in Persian and English languages and after raising the issue and clarifying the hypotheses, the data in accordance with the research questions in national and international judicial documents and procedures(both Persian and Latin)have been searched, collected, summarized and analyzed. One of the measures taken in recent years to environmental sustainability, has been recognized legal personality to the elements of nature. The practice of some countries, especially since 2008,shows that in order to achieve environmental sustainability, at the level of legislation or the procedure of the courts, the elements of nature have been recognized as rightful and representatives have been appointed to pursue their rights. Overall, developments in environmental law show that the identification of legal personality for the elements of nature has created a new development in the field of environmental law and sustainable development that is rapidly expanding in the international community. So that many governments can use this experience to take this step to provide the necessary grounds for greater environmental protection around the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy
Maha Taheri Gholamreza Memarzade Tehran Morteza Moosa KhaniBackground and Objective: One of the important issues in the tax administration is the lack of acceptable performance and defined goals for notification policies. The purpose of this research is Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing th MoreBackground and Objective: One of the important issues in the tax administration is the lack of acceptable performance and defined goals for notification policies. The purpose of this research is Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy. Material and Methodology: This research is developmental in terms of methodology and is combined in terms of data collection type. In this study, in the qualitative part, based on meta-analysis processes, an attempt was made to first identify researches related to the two concepts of barriers to the Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy and the consequences of green tax sustainability, and then to determine the components and themes of the research based on critical evaluation scale. Also in the qualitative part, Delphi analysis was used to determine the extent of theoretical consensus. In a Quantitative part, were used intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). Findings: The results showed that structural barrier is considered as the most effective theme of barriers to the implementation of notification policies which can interfere with the sustainability of the consequences of green tax sustainability. Discussion and Conclusion: The result shows that the obstacles to the implementation of the notification policies of the Tax Administration neutralize environmental pollution as the most important consequence of green tax sustainability, and this issue makes the consequences of green tax sustainability practically not have the necessary impact on the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Role of Domestic Judicial Authorities in Recognition and Guarantee of Intergenerational Justice as an Essential Element of Sustainable Development
Tavakol habibzadeh keivan eghbali Amir panahandeh SomarinIn recent decades, growing inequality in the world and the worrying destruction of the environment have forced governments to reconsider the formulation and implementation of development plans. The outcome is the concept of sustainable development that entails a process MoreIn recent decades, growing inequality in the world and the worrying destruction of the environment have forced governments to reconsider the formulation and implementation of development plans. The outcome is the concept of sustainable development that entails a process in which desirability and available possibilities are not diminished over time and a kind of distributive justice requires a fair distribution of development opportunities between current and future generations as one of the most important development goals. Meanwhile, taking into acount that the judiciary is considered as the main guarantor of justice in any society, in this study, using a descriptive and analitical method, the role and the position of judiciary authorities in considering the necessity of the observance of intergenerational justice in the advancment any national or local development program and as a result the commitment to observe the considerations related to this dimension of justice is analized. In this regard, the review of judicial procedure in the courts of some countries indicates that these authorities can play a key role in recognising and ensuring justice between the present and future generations during the codification and the implementation of development plans, as the main goal of the sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The effect of human resource management and green supply chain on the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipality Sports Organization with the mediating role of organizational sustainability
Davar Khaksar boldaji, majid soleymani , adel afkarBackground and Objective: The aim of the research was to determine the effect of green human resource management and green supply chain on the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization with the mediating role of organizational sustainability.Materi MoreBackground and Objective: The aim of the research was to determine the effect of green human resource management and green supply chain on the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization with the mediating role of organizational sustainability.Material and Methodology: descriptive research is correlational and based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population was formed by the employees of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization (2610 people) and the statistical sample was considered to be 335 people based on Morgan's table and available. The questionnaires of human resource management by Zayed et al. (2018), Sabze supply chain by Zayed et al. (2018), organizational sustainability by Karkulian et al. (2016), sustainable performance by Zayed et al. (2018) were used. Structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach was used to analyze the data, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to check the validity of the questionnaire. SPSS software version 24 and Smart Pls software version 3 were used for the statistical analysis of this research.Findings: The results of the research showed that green human resource management has a significant positive effect on the organizational sustainability of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization. The green supply chain has a significant positive effect on the sustainable performance and organizational sustainability of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization. Organizational sustainability has a significant positive effect on the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization. Organizational sustainability has a significant mediating role as a result of green human resource management and green supply chain on the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization.Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this research can be used and applied in order to improve the sustainable performance of Tehran Municipal Sports Organization in the field of environmental factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Evaluating the Effectiveness of Sustainability Accounting based on Green Human Resource Functions
Narges Najmadini Mehdi Dasineh david khodadady Hamid Rostami JazzBackground and Objective: An important part of the development of accounting knowledge, beyond financial performance, today concentration on sustainability, which under the presence of human resource functions can provide the basis for increasing information transparenc MoreBackground and Objective: An important part of the development of accounting knowledge, beyond financial performance, today concentration on sustainability, which under the presence of human resource functions can provide the basis for increasing information transparency for stakeholders. The purpose of this research is evaluating the effectiveness of sustainability accounting based on green human resource functions. Material and Methodology: In terms of methodology, this research is mix method in terms of data collection and in terms of results is in the category of developmental research. In this study, first, through Meta-synthesis, the themes of green human resource function and sustainability accounting components were identified, and then, based on Delphi analysis, the reliability of the identified dimensions was examined. In the quantitative part, this research also used Intuitive Fuzzy VIKOR Process. Findings: The results showed that, firstly, the most important parameter of research topics (green human resource management functions) is the identity of the green profession, which has the highest importance rate compared to other research topics due to the fuzzy weights obtained, Second, the disclosure of human capital based on the value of the index equal to 0.051 is the most important measure of sustainability accounting under the themes of green human resource functions, especially the theme of green professional identity. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the present study show that the disclosure of human capital information as an important dimension of sustainability accounting arising from green professional identity, is an important component in the potential decision-making of the company in the future and it is in the interest of companies that seek to satisfy all investors seeking information to increase market value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Analysis and Prioritizing of the Influencing the Factors on Dent Corn Production by AHP Method: With Emphasis on Environmental Sustainability
Adel Sulaimani Ali Asghar MirakzadehAbstractIntroductionCorn is an important plant in the world. It grows well under medium to hot climate. Development ofdent corn plant in Ravansar city in Kermanshah province has such conditions that make Ravansar as afirst class of corn producers in Iran. So identifying MoreAbstractIntroductionCorn is an important plant in the world. It grows well under medium to hot climate. Development ofdent corn plant in Ravansar city in Kermanshah province has such conditions that make Ravansar as afirst class of corn producers in Iran. So identifying and prioritizing important factors effective onincreasing the production will lead extending its plant domain in other cities of the country and finallydevelops the agriculture and economic specially for rural people. The main purpose of this survey isrecognition and grading of the effective factors for increased the corn production in Rawansar city.Material and MethodsIn this study the tested population was the society of experts of Jahade Keshavarzi of Rawansar. Theinformation were obtained as questionnaire and the data were analyzed by AHP (multivariate analyzesmethod) and the Expert Choice software.ResultsThe results showed that the education-extension factor is the main operative factor in increasing theproduction of corn, and the factors management, technical and economical factors are in subsequentpreferences. Therefore it is suggested that environmental sustainability should also be included intraining programs for farmers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Determinants of Sustainable Use of Water Resources: The Case of Kohkilouye and Boyerahmad Province
Mehrdad Bagheri Hamid Mohammadi Gholamreza Nouri Behrooz MirAbstractIrregular use of groundwater resources has confronted them with danger, obligating attempt towardsustainable use. The aim of this study was to investigate the determinant factors of sustainable use ofwater resources in Fars province. Sustainability was considere MoreAbstractIrregular use of groundwater resources has confronted them with danger, obligating attempt towardsustainable use. The aim of this study was to investigate the determinant factors of sustainable use ofwater resources in Fars province. Sustainability was considered from two points of views using twoindices. In one view, sustainability of water resources was considered equal to reduce water waste. Inanother one, land and chemical fertilizer pattern was also considered, leading to a compound index.The data applied to the analysis were input usage pattern, produced crops and socio-economicgathered through Fars province farmers. The results in models showed that water waste wasconsidered as sustainability index. Producers’ income and their managerial abilities are of the mostimportant factors which affects sustainable use of water. While in the case of the models based on thecompound index, technical factors such as modern irrigation system, water transferring channels typeand distance between well and farm affect the sustainable use of water. The finding also revealed thatpresence of crops with high income risk doesn’t necessarily result increasing instability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Evaluation of environmental instability indicators with emphasis on water, soil and noise pollutions using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in Ahvaz metropolis
MohammadAli Firoozi Mostafa Mohammadi Deh Cheshmeh Jafar SaeediBackground and Objective: Cities are considered as the main factor causing instability in the world. In fact, according to the inherent complexity of cities in terms of environmental issues, identification of the main factors in achieving sustainability is necessary. Th MoreBackground and Objective: Cities are considered as the main factor causing instability in the world. In fact, according to the inherent complexity of cities in terms of environmental issues, identification of the main factors in achieving sustainability is necessary. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the indicators of environmental instability in Ahvaz metropolis with a focus on indicators of water, soil and noise pollutions. Method: This study is a descriptive-analytical one using an applied method. In this context, after explaining the concept of urban sustainability and urban instability and identifying relevant criteria, according to the study, the conversion of criteria to quantitative indicators was done and the index and sub-index in AHP model were prioritized. To perform spatial analysis of the data, GIS software was used and the most important explanatory factors to assess the environmental indicators of instability in Ahvaz, with emphasis on the index of water, soil and noise pollutions were studied. Findings: Findings showed that considering the water pollution index, five area with the impact of 0.327 had the the highest weight value among the urban areas while six areas with the impact of 0.033 had the lowest value than other areas with water pollution in Karun river. In terms of soil pollution, four areas with effect coefficient of 0.331 had the the highest rate of soil pollution, and eight regions with effect coefficient of 0.024 had the least pollution. In terms of noise pollution, the region with effect coefficient of 0.336 had the highest weight value among other regions, while eight regions with effect coefficient of 0.02 had the least pollution. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that Ahvaz is in unstable environmental conditions and its current environmental condition is significantly far away from sustainability criteria. With this interpretations of situation, awareness about ecological sustainability of urban areas and understanding of the situation could play an important role in improving the planning and optimal allocation of resources to improve people's welfare Urban sustainability, Environmental instability, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Ahvaz Metropolis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Evaluation and comparison of procedural and substantive indexes for sustainable development in Districts 7 and 22 of Tehran
Mahsa Hajimahmoudi Naser Barakpour POOYAN SHAHABIANAbstract Background and Objective: Population increases day to day and causes some difficulties which are more noticeable, especially in urban areas such as Tehran as one of the most populated cities in the world. Nowadays, these difficulties highlights the role of sust MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Population increases day to day and causes some difficulties which are more noticeable, especially in urban areas such as Tehran as one of the most populated cities in the world. Nowadays, these difficulties highlights the role of sustainable development. Needless to say, inequality in urban life is sign of failure in fulfilling of sustainability development. Based on multidimensional features of sustainable development paradigms and existence of different attitudes, it is difficult to have a perfect and multidimensional consensus in this field. Different attitudes and evaluation of sustainability methods signify the substantive dimensional issues such as environmental, social and economic features. In many societies, despite the resources, high-quality environment and high rate of social and economic features, failure in reaching sustainable development goals can be observed. Thus, it seems that investigation of of dimensions and indexes of sustainability and holistic attitude in this field can provide a new attitude towards societies. Attaining sustainability in this field needs a holistic cognition of the existing condition of the society for planning and giving strategies to reach advance rate of sustainable development in society. The aim of this study is to investigate the sustainability of urban life in Districts 7 and 22 of Tehran municipality with different attitudes by considering dimensions of sustainability in terms of substantive and procedural criteria. Substantive criterion includes environmental, social and economic indexes and these features not only exist in deep layers of society but also can change according to other conditions and are affected by sustainable development policy. Another criterion which is normally ignored in the evaluation of sustainable development, is procedural index which is formed by the indexes acting independently as a political process in society. Method: In this regard, library and ocumentary studies, field observation, questionnaire and interviews were employed. The collected were analyzed by SPSS software and statistical method. Findings: The results show that District 22 is better in terms of both procedural and substantive indexes compared to District 7. Conclusion: Analyses show that District 22 not only receive high amount of investment in sustainable development by the local government (district municipality) but also supports some capacities which exist in the region. In addition to heightening the quality of management and local government, this district creates new capacities and helps in increasing the level of society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Sustainability assessment of urban geomorphology for planning and urban development management (Case Study: Yazd)
Amanehalsadat Pouriyeh Nematallah Khorasani Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Parvin FarshchiAbstract Background and Objective: Natural feature have a decisive effect on locating, growth, and physical development of cities. Natural phenomena sometimes act as positive factors and sometimes as negative and deterrent factors. The main objective of this study is to MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Natural feature have a decisive effect on locating, growth, and physical development of cities. Natural phenomena sometimes act as positive factors and sometimes as negative and deterrent factors. The main objective of this study is to identify the geo-morphological features of Yazd city using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model in order to determine the sustainability of the city. Method: To achieve these goals, the geo-morphological indicators affecting the growth of Yazd including elevation, slope, aspect, geology, morphology, and pedology (land units) over a 30-year period from 1984 to 2013 were identified. Then, using questionnaire, the importance of indicators in development of the city was specified. Moreover, the DEA model was designed to examine the efficiency of development of Yazd. Efficiency of the units was calculated by GAMS software. The most efficient units involved in development of Yazd were recognized using Anderson and Peterson model. Findings: According to the DEA model during the study period (1984-2013), development of about 16% of Yazd was found to be quite efficient. In other words, during the study period, the years 1985, 1986, 2005, 2009, and 2013 have always had 100% efficiency. The most efficient unit in Yazd, based on the geomorphology indicator, was observed in 1986. Since then, with the development of city mainly in southwest direction the efficiency has been declining. Conclusion: The results show that indicators of slope, piedmont plain sediments, urban areas are playing an important role in the development of Yazd city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Analysis of Urban Neighborhoods Sustainability by Using of Multi-criteria Decision-making Methods (Case Study: 6th Region Neighborhoods of Tehran)
Ali Shamaie Farzaneh Sasanpour Servat-o-allah MoradieBackground and Objective: The main objective of this research was been an analyzing neighborhood sustainability in 6th region of Tehran city which could be a base for reaching to urban sustainable development. So doing, we focused on the 28 indicators to analyzing of su MoreBackground and Objective: The main objective of this research was been an analyzing neighborhood sustainability in 6th region of Tehran city which could be a base for reaching to urban sustainable development. So doing, we focused on the 28 indicators to analyzing of sustainability in environmental, economic, social and physical dimensions, and neighborhoods ranking in Tehran city. Method: Research method is descriptive-analytical. Data and information has examined by Multi-criteria AHP, VIKOR and Coefficient of Variation. Indicators were weighted by AHP, then, were ranked by VIKO Multi-criteria decision- making model. Also, inequity indicators have analyzed by Coefficient of Variation model. Mixed indicators of neighborhoods have determined by regression analysis and social, economic, environmental and physical criteria. Findings: Statistical tests have showed that there was a significance correlation between environmental and physical indicator with mix indicator of neighborhoods sustainability. Findings got from regression analysis have showed that environmental indicator were most significant level for forecasting neighborhoods sustainability in 6th region. Coefficient of Variation indicated that most inequity have been with 18 neighborhoods base on our index in this research and that have been related with environmental indicator. Discussion and Conclusions: This research has showed that Saee and Arzhantin by getting 0.00 have been most sustainable and Fatemi by getting 1.00 has been most unsustainable. So, this is important to neighborhood development planning focuses on municipality's policy for 6 region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Developing Sustainability Indicators of Greenways Network Based on Landscape Ecology Principles
Shahindokht Barghjelveh Naghmeh Mobarghaee DinanAbstractThis study examines the process of developing sustainability indicators for urban greenwaysnetworking process according to the principles of landscape ecology. The ecological approach towardsgreenways networking process is capable of providing a conceptual theor MoreAbstractThis study examines the process of developing sustainability indicators for urban greenwaysnetworking process according to the principles of landscape ecology. The ecological approach towardsgreenways networking process is capable of providing a conceptual theory and has a multitude ofdifferent aspects that can be studied in mega-urban, urban, and sub-urban scales. The purpose of thisstudy is not only to examine the principles of ecological approach, but also to explore the urban needsto provide green zones and leisure areas for citizens. This paper focuses on the relationship between“structure” and “function” which has a key role in this study.Based on the comparative-analytical research method, new ecological principles are provided for theprocess of planning sustainable urban green zones. Traditional indicators for qualitative evaluation ofgreen zones are not only inadequate for determining the structural value of green zones, but are alsoincapable of expressing their diverse ecological benefits. New ecological criteria provide a betteropportunity to evaluate and qualify greenways networking process and to raise the process oflandscapes networking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Environmental sustainability in urban open spaces: quality assessment of residential quarters in Tabriz
Seyed Bagher Hosseini Razieh Rezazadeh Mohammad Bagheri Hamid Reza Azemati Abdolhamid GhenbaranOne of the sustainable urban design strategies is to emphasize the micro scale urban spaces. The purpose of this study is to explore the environmental sustainability in urban space and assessment of three residential quarters inTabriz. Five main criteria of sustainable MoreOne of the sustainable urban design strategies is to emphasize the micro scale urban spaces. The purpose of this study is to explore the environmental sustainability in urban space and assessment of three residential quarters inTabriz. Five main criteria of sustainable urban design (movement, energy, spatial form, ecology, and design and development) were selected for assessment. In a field study, the selected quarters were scored by a professional research team and the findings were assessed comparatively. Maghsodieh historical quarter got the top score for movement, energy, and design and development criteria. Organic urban pattern, neighborhood facilities, connected streets, revitalized historical buildings, urban spaces for walking, environmental adaption, and local identity are among the main physical characteristics of this quarter. Roshdieh quarter, due to its designed green open spaces, biodiversity, green landscapes, and natural views, got the top score in ecology criterion. Both Maghsoodieh and Roshdieh got the top score in spatial form criterion because of self-sufficiency, mixed applications, and diverse public spaces. Golpark quarter, having urban spaces which lack design as well as having serious environmental problems, got low scores in all five criteria. This study shows that most open spaces of new residential quarters suffer from the lack of environmental design. Moreover, they cannot satisfy the needs and desires of their users. The strategies of thermal comfort, natural light, sound and wind comfort, and enhancement of the quality of urban landscape can help improve the environmental sustainability of urban quarters. New ideas such as walking ways, green ways, green bridges, bicycle and skate lines, urban and neighborhood parks as well as health and sport areas are all of practical use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - An exploration of Changes in the International Sustainability Index
leila Zamani Zahra JavaherianBackground and Objectives: Indicators of sustainability as an efficient tool to help decision-makers and policy-makers to make better decisions and work more effectively towards sustainable development, so far, efforts at the global level and national level to develop a MoreBackground and Objectives: Indicators of sustainability as an efficient tool to help decision-makers and policy-makers to make better decisions and work more effectively towards sustainable development, so far, efforts at the global level and national level to develop appropriate sustainability, comprehensive and effective indicators carried out and this process has not stopped yet and will continue. September 2015 coincided with the adoption of sustainable development goals SDGs that will replace the Millennium Development Goals MDGs. Sustainable Development Goals offer exhaustive set of Goals and targets which will be also includes comprehensive indicators. Method of study: This study is an overview of the most important sustainability indicators from past up to present (including CSD, MDGs, EPI& SDGs), and it pointed out paying attention to the importance of sustainability indicators and use them correctly by the decision makers. Results: In this study the formation and changes of some set of sustainability indicators mentioned in details and the concept of the rank and score of environmental performance indicators discussed and analyzed. Reviewing the changes of sustainability indices can guide decision-makers in making better use of the implications for effective policy making. Indicators of sustainable development goals SDGs will be as tools for monitoring and leading countries towards sustainable development for the period 2015 -2030 so this opportunity can offer proper model to assessing sustainability in national level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Designing Ecological Park: A Step towards Environmental Sustainability of Cities (Case Study: The Southwest Mountains of Mashhad)
Sepideh Movahed Hassanali Laghaee Farah HabibBackground and Objective: Present status of cities emphasizes on the creation of an extensive and planned green space, with highlighting green spaces in order to establish ecological balance against the built environment. In this context, ecological parks that have been MoreBackground and Objective: Present status of cities emphasizes on the creation of an extensive and planned green space, with highlighting green spaces in order to establish ecological balance against the built environment. In this context, ecological parks that have been raised at the end of the last century, can be as an important factor to solve this problem. The overall objective of this study is to enhance the urban environmental conditions in order to promote the environmental sustainability through ecological designing and connecting the built environment with the existing natural virgin lands such as mountains in the cities. In this way, a suitable condition can be introduced as the scientific-economic support for education and developing a proper environmental culture. Method: The method used in the present study is based on descriptive and analytical practices. In this study, the southwest mountains of Mashhadhave been studied. After fundamental studies, the case study examples, feasibility and evaluation of the ecological capability of the study area were conducted. Finally, based on Makhdom’s model, the results were presented as solutions. Results: The findings show that only 35% of the study area have a potential for future use and activities and the rest should be considered as a virgin natural area. In potential activity zones, zoning is done in a way that in the edges with a lower slope connected to the city, there is greater utilization of land and with penetrating into the site and higher slopes, utilization of land is reduced. Conclusion: The results show that in the process of eco-park designing as an ecological design sample, those criteria and activities which distinguish eco-parks from other types of parks are taken into account. Also in the designing process with ecological assessment, with respect to the environmental layers and localization of ecological models for determining the value of land use, the highest efficiency and minimum environmental impact can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Framework of Sustainability in Environmental Design from the Viewpoint of Architects and Landscape Architects
Morteza Adib Saeid Norouzian-MalekiBackground and Objective: Sustainable development with emphasis on environmental sustainability addresses the interaction between humans and the environment. In this study, it has been attempted to investigate and realize a clear understanding of the principles that aff MoreBackground and Objective: Sustainable development with emphasis on environmental sustainability addresses the interaction between humans and the environment. In this study, it has been attempted to investigate and realize a clear understanding of the principles that affect the issue of sustainability in environmental design. Method: The collected data were analyzed through the content analysis. Following the identification of the criteria, the Delphi study was set up to identify which of them were most important and to derive the priority weightings for each. This study comprised two questionnaire rounds that were sent to two different sets of panel members. 45 invitations were sent out. The experts were selected from the people with substantial knowledge in the field of planning and design. They were from the pool of academics and practitioners involved in environmental design, landscape architecture and urban design. 31 experts agreed to participate and completed the first and second rounds, while 16 architects and 15 landscape architects participated in both rounds, meeting the target. Findings: “Importance” indicates whether such attributes were deemed important by the expert; “suitability” indicates whether such attributes, while important, were suitable tools to evaluate the sustainability in environmental design. This study represents the results of the ranking and weighting of the factors by the experts according to a set of factors. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of ANOVA showed statistically significant differences among the architects and landscape architects and their opinions about several factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - A Framework for Comparing Assessment Criteria of Environmental and Sustainability Rating Systems
Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Mansoureh Tahbaz AYDA MEHRABANBackground and Objective: Nowadays, enviromental impact of buildings is assessed by several sustainability rating systems. Analyzing relative importance and prioritizing of assessment criteria, as the principal measures for rating systems, indicate the general trend of MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, enviromental impact of buildings is assessed by several sustainability rating systems. Analyzing relative importance and prioritizing of assessment criteria, as the principal measures for rating systems, indicate the general trend of those systems in accordance with three pillars of sustainability, i.e. environment, economics and society. Method: Having gathered data in the form of library-based study, this paper proposes a framework to compare and analyze the criteria of widely-used assessment systems, including BREEAM, LEED, CASBEE, DGNB and HQE. By chossing an analytical-comparative method, assessment criteria for 5 rating systems are explored and classified. In order to acquire the relative importance of each criterion, weigthing coefficients are adopted and the weighted percentages are calculated. Findings: The comparative framework organized by three principles of sustainability, mainly covers 11 categories including Energy, Water, Site, Environmental Loads, Material, Waste, Indoor Environmental Quality, Socio-cultural issues, Economics, Technical and Functional Quality and Sustainable Management. Sub-criteria of each category provide the possibility for evaluating rating systems sufficiency at the micro level. Discussion and Conclusion: Rating systems concepts and trends have a major role in organizing criteria structure. For example, DGNB, which has an assessment structure in compliance with the three principles of sustainable architecture, much of criteria are assigned to economic and social issues, while BREEAM, LEED and HQE, considered as first generation of rating systems, mostly deal with environmental issues. In the holistic systems such as DGNB and CASBE issues such as performance, technical capabilities and building service are generally highlighted, whereas atomistic systems such as BREEAM, LEED and HQE give importance to preservation of resources including energy, water, land, etc. However, in both systems, energy and indoor environment quality are significantly considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Stakeholder Integration and Financial Performance: The Mediating Role of Environmental Sustainability Orientation
Masoud Farahabady Farzaneh Heidarpoor Azita JahanshadThe purpose of this study was to study the impact of stakeholder integration and financial performance with respect to the mediating role of environmental sustainability orientation. The statistical sample consisted of 392 managers and experts of stock exchange companie MoreThe purpose of this study was to study the impact of stakeholder integration and financial performance with respect to the mediating role of environmental sustainability orientation. The statistical sample consisted of 392 managers and experts of stock exchange companies who were selected using random sampling method. The type of research was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey research in terms of data collection with a description of structural equation modeling. Examining the results of the analysis, testing the hypotheses showed that stakeholder integration has an impact on financial performance with the mediating role of environmental sustainability orientation. Accordingly, stakeholder monitoring and participation in management behavior in the field of environmental sustainability orientation according to agency theory, in addition to improving economic performance due to better production and management strategies, including long-term benefits of environmental performance. Better yet, it will be like avoiding environmental commitments in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The effect of voluntary disclosure of historical and forward-looking non-financial information on sustainability performance
Gholamhossein Pourgholami Dafchahi Mahmood Samadi Largani Razieh Alikhani Mohammadreza PouraliThe present study examines the effect of voluntary disclosure of historical and forward-looking non-financial information on sustainability performance and contributes to the existing literature by providing evidence of a definite relationship between the level of volun MoreThe present study examines the effect of voluntary disclosure of historical and forward-looking non-financial information on sustainability performance and contributes to the existing literature by providing evidence of a definite relationship between the level of voluntary disclosure and sustainability performance in Iran. For content analysis, a checklist tool consisting of 23 components and 186 indicators was used to describe the disclosure criteria. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, the required data of 910 year-company observations (7 years and 130 companies) resulting from the screening process by systematic elimination of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, have been used in a descriptive-correlational manner from sources such as corporate board reports, financial statements, resource management software and new results with the implementation of content analysis test and multivariate linear regression model. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between voluntary disclosure of non-financial information, historical and forward-looking non-financial information and sustainability performance. These findings indicate that the motivation of companies to disclose voluntary information, especially about the Iranian economy, is very important, because companies must grow economically and therefore their need for capital is high. This study also showed that the level of corporate disclosure continues to increase during the study period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - توسعه مدل برای ارزیابی پایداری در زنجیره های تامین لارج با استفاده از پویایی سیستم
مهدی ایزدیتر عباس طلوعی علیرضا آقاقلیزاده زهرا مهریبه دلیل رشد فشارهای جهانی برای پایدارشدن سازمانها در تمام سطوح سازمانی برای دستیابی به زنجیره تامین پایدار با شیوه های مدیریتی جدید روبرو هستند. هدف این مقاله فراهم آوردن مدلی برای ارزیابی عملکرد پایداری شیوه های مدیریت زنجیره تامین ناب، چابک، تاب آور و سبز (لارج) با اس Moreبه دلیل رشد فشارهای جهانی برای پایدارشدن سازمانها در تمام سطوح سازمانی برای دستیابی به زنجیره تامین پایدار با شیوه های مدیریتی جدید روبرو هستند. هدف این مقاله فراهم آوردن مدلی برای ارزیابی عملکرد پایداری شیوه های مدیریت زنجیره تامین ناب، چابک، تاب آور و سبز (لارج) با استفاده از رویکرد پویایی سیستم می باشد. در این مقاله، شیوه های مدیریت زنجیره تامین لارج شناسایی و اولویت بندی می شوند با استفاده از دیمتل فازی و فرایند تحلیل شبکه ای فازی. یافته ها تحقیق نشان می دهد که سناریوهای بهبود در اجرای مدیریت کیفیت جامع، تولید به موقع، حمل و نقل انعطاف پذیر و سناریوی ترکیبی (تولید به موقع و روابط بلندمدت با با تامین کنندگان) منجر به پایداری بیشتر در زنجیره تامین می گردد. نتایج این سناریوها نشان دهنده بهبود پایداری در زنجیره تامین می باشد. همچنین نتایج نشان می دهد که استراتژی ناب د ر دستیابی به پایداری در زنجیره تامین بسیار مهم می باشد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Implementation of the Rough Set Process to Determine the Most Important Green Transformational Leadership Function based on the Competency Axis of Human Resource Sustainability
Ehsan Shahhosseini Mahmoodreza Mostaghimi Samere ShojaiePurpose: Environment, as one of the foundations of sustainability in various fields of corporate structure, has become a development strategy for effectiveness beyond the recommendations and suggestions of regulatory bodies. Human resources are considered as an integral MorePurpose: Environment, as one of the foundations of sustainability in various fields of corporate structure, has become a development strategy for effectiveness beyond the recommendations and suggestions of regulatory bodies. Human resources are considered as an integral part of the field of sustainability of environmental behaviors in any structure that focusing on green transformational leadership functions can provide the company with environmental advantages in social contexts. The Purpose of this research is Implementation of the Rough set process to determine the most important green transformational leadership function based on the competency axis of human resource sustainability. Methodology: In this research, where the main basis of analysis was the collection of Raff's pattern, an attempt was made to determine the dimensions of the research through several stages of content screening. Then, through two stages of Delphi analysis, an attempt was made to evaluate the reliability of the components and propositions as the basis of the analysis in order to finally determine the most important functions of green transformative leadership based on the competency axes of human resources sustainability. Result: The results of the research showed the proposition of collaborative competence as the basis of sustainable competence of human resources as a measure of influence on green transformational leadership mechanisms that can help the development and sustainability of environmental behaviors of human resources. Conclusion: The obtained result shows that the collaborative competence of human resources strengthens the level of interactivity and intra-organizational communication in the field of decision-making of environmental issues and problems and it makes the dimension of the effectiveness of the opportunity in green transformative leadership to strengthen the atmosphere of creating ideas and supporting the innovations of human resources in the field of green functions in the oil company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Evaluation of urban landscape sustainability of Imam Street in Tabriz based on humanistic landscape components (Saat Square - University Square)
Elham Sheikh Milani Akbar Abdollahzadeh taraf Mahsa Faramarzi Asli Arash SaghafiBackground and Aim: Urban spaces are in close interaction with humans due to the possibility of gathering, pausing and passing. However, streets as one of the urban spaces have changed in the process of urban development and have lost their interactive role with humans MoreBackground and Aim: Urban spaces are in close interaction with humans due to the possibility of gathering, pausing and passing. However, streets as one of the urban spaces have changed in the process of urban development and have lost their interactive role with humans due to becoming a passageway for vehicles. Since the stability of urban landscape as a visual phenomenon, while affecting the human senses, causes emotional-perceptual reactions of humans in space and if it is consistent with human needs, can reproduce the interactive role, the purpose of this study is to assess sustainability. The urban landscape of Imam Street in Tabriz is based on humanistic landscape components. Methods: The research method is based on a descriptive-analytical and survey approach. Documentary data analysis was performed by classification and survey data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical tests including analysis of variance and Fisher's post hoc test. Finally, in order to provide the possibility of ranking the qualities of humanistic landscape, Friedman test and to rank the selected sections of Imam Street in Tabriz, in order to have the qualities of constructive humanistic landscape, the TOPSIS technique has been used. Findings: The results indicate that humanistic landscape constructs are significantly different in each of the selected areas and among the components of humanistic landscape for sustainability, human needs more than two components of human capabilities and human perceptual states in sustainability. The urban landscape of Imam Street in Tabriz has been crystallized. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results obtained in the study area, it is concluded that if we pay attention to the components of the humanistic landscape in Imam Street, Tabriz will lead to the stability of the urban landscape. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Assessing the factors affecting sustainable urban regeneration in the dilapidated fabric of Urmia (case study of the central fabric of the city)
Maryam Borani Akbar Abdollahzadeh taraf Mahsa Faramarzi AsliBackground and Aim: Today, many cities in the world, especially the central fabric of cities, are suffering from severe erosion. Among these, urban regeneration is an important strategic choice in promoting urban development worldwide. In recent years, the integration o MoreBackground and Aim: Today, many cities in the world, especially the central fabric of cities, are suffering from severe erosion. Among these, urban regeneration is an important strategic choice in promoting urban development worldwide. In recent years, the integration of sustainability principles into urban regeneration has become increasingly important. Increasing attention to economic, social, environmental and physical aspects also affects urban regeneration policy. In particular, the search for new ways to regenerate cities in a sustainable way has led to the concept of sustainable urban regeneration. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors affecting sustainable urban regeneration in the dilapidated fabric of Urmia. Methods: The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey and applied in terms of purpose. In data analysis, structural equation analysis using factor analysis with SPSS and AMOS software was used. Results: The results showed that the environmental index with direct impact with 0.712 and indirect with 0.285, physical index with direct impact of 0.695 and indirect with 0.283, economic index with direct impact of 0.616 and indirect with 0.195 And social index with direct effect of 0.537 and indirect effect with 0.128 have been effective in sustainable urban regeneration of the worn texture of the central part of Urmia. Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, environmental, physical, social and economic indicators that were examined in this study. They should be significantly prioritized in future urban reconstruction projects in the city of Urmia to lead to sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Measuring the Environmental Sustainability of Tabriz City Based on Environmental Indicators of Smart Urban Growth
Ali Zeynali Azim Elham Hatami Golzari Islam Karami Solmaz Babazadeh OskouiBackground and Aim: Due to the urban sprawl in the world that has been created as a result of urban development. Extensive changes in cities and their populations have led to demographic and environmental crises. New strategies, including smart growth, have been propose MoreBackground and Aim: Due to the urban sprawl in the world that has been created as a result of urban development. Extensive changes in cities and their populations have led to demographic and environmental crises. New strategies, including smart growth, have been proposed to overcome this challenge with the approach of guiding cities towards a more sustainable environmental approach. The purpose of this study is to measure the environmental sustainability of Tabriz based on environmental indicators of urban smart growth.Methods: The present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology; And data collection was based on library and survey methods. The statistical population of the study includes all specialists and professors of environment and urban planning in the city of Tabriz. The sample size is 25 experts. Structural equation method (SEM) was used to analyze the data using Smart Pls software.Results: The results showed that for environmental sustainability in the city of Tabriz, among the environmental indicators of urban smart growth, air pollution index, green space and outdoor space with coefficients extracted based on the research structural model of 0.825, 0.799 and 0.781 has the highest and waste production with a coefficient of 0.705 has the lowest impact.Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, in order to achieve environmental sustainability in the city of Tabriz, much attention should be paid to environmental indicators of smart growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Explaining the components of achieving sustainable environmental development in the urban management structure of Tabriz metropolis
Alireza Zabardast Rasool DarskhanBackground and Aim: In order to achieve sustainable development in the urban management structure of Iranian cities, especially metropolises, a specific model based on the characteristics and dimensions of this concept and the qualities of the target context, ie the con MoreBackground and Aim: In order to achieve sustainable development in the urban management structure of Iranian cities, especially metropolises, a specific model based on the characteristics and dimensions of this concept and the qualities of the target context, ie the context of Iran, must be drawn. The main purpose of this study is to explain the components of achieving sustainable environmental development in the urban management structure of the metropolis in Tabriz.Methods: In this study, using the method of customary or conventional qualitative content analysis: the categories, sub-classes and subclasses of the structure of the urban management model of sustainable development-based in Iranian metropolises were explained with emphasis on the metropolis of Tabriz. The data collection tool was semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews with 23 experts related to the research objectives and purposeful sampling with maximum diversity until data saturation was achieved.Results: After analyzing the data, 4 floors, 20 sub-classes, 99 sub-categories were formulated. Economic, cultural-social, institutional and environmental-physical capacities as components of achieving sustainable development were explained for the first time in the urban management structure of Iranian metropolises.Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, in order to achieve sustainable development, much attention must be paid to the structure of urban management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Prioritization of Sustainable Development Components in the Planning of Ecology Parks Case study: (Mashhad Park Mountain)
Toktam Hanaee Moslem Seyedolhosseini Elnaz KhaliliBackground and Objective: By reviewing the previous articles on the two areas of ecology park and sustainable development, it can be concluded that most studies have focused on the concepts and components of these two areas separately and a study on the integration of t MoreBackground and Objective: By reviewing the previous articles on the two areas of ecology park and sustainable development, it can be concluded that most studies have focused on the concepts and components of these two areas separately and a study on the integration of these two areas and interactions. They have not been done on top of each other, so the main purpose of this study is to identify the compone Methods: This research is quantitative in terms of a practical purpose, in terms of the nature and method of carrying out descriptive-analytical work and its research method. For the questions of the questionnaire, 28 active experts in the field of sustainable development and green space of Mashhad were selected by the full number method. Analyzing the results, according to the type of spectrum used in the questions, structural equations and factor analysis were used by Smart Pls and SPSS software. nts of ecological parks and prioritize them with the approach of sustainable urban development. Results: The findings of this study indicate that the importance of the main components in the ecological park, which includes 89% environmental sustainability, 55% socio-economic sustainability, and 57% physical-functional sustainability, respectively, so the highest priority with The variable is environmental sustainability, and the lowest priority is socio-economic sustainability. Discussion and Conclusions: The results indicate that the priority of ecological park indicators to promote sustainable development, respectively, priority includes energy sustainability - office building, energy sustainability — ecology, ecological diversity, conservation — ecology, welfare and health, social justice, economic security participation and attendance, functional flexibility, physical diversity, green landscape, diversity of routes, sustainable transportation, pedestrianization and functional creativity. In Mashhad Park Mountain, among the three main components, the highest score is related to environmental sustainability due to the natural mountain bed and the lowest score is socio-economic sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Analyzing the double skin facade moving in the efficiency of energy consumption in residential buildings sustainability in Tabriz city
Seyed Mehdi Ghoddosifar Mahsa Faramarzi AslBackground and Objective: Double skin facades (DSF) are an interesting and important architectural element in buildings because they are very visually appealing and at the same time can perform better than single skin facades. Double skin facades must be properly MoreBackground and Objective: Double skin facades (DSF) are an interesting and important architectural element in buildings because they are very visually appealing and at the same time can perform better than single skin facades. Double skin facades must be properly designed and implemented, otherwise their potential benefits may be lost. For this reason, the physical processes occurring in a double skin facade must be well understood and predicted. However, they are very dynamic and static. The aim of the current research is to analyze the double skin facade moving in the efficiency of energy consumption in residential buildings in Tabriz city. Material and Methodology: In this research, the analytical descriptive method as well as numerical equations, Design Builder software, Converge and sensitivity analysis were used. Findings: The results showed that for the double skinned facade in cold seasons, by blocking the top and bottom of the double skinned facade, the air trapped between the double skinned facades is functional insulation and energy loss is reduced. Also, in hot seasons, by leaving the top and bottom of the skin open and creating air flow between the double skin, the heat transfer from the building increases and as a result, the temperature inside it decreases. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of numerical solution of computational fluid dynamics equations in Design Builder software showed that using this method in Tabriz city, the annual cooling load is reduced by 45% and the annual heating load is reduced by 5%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Designing a Model of Virtual Water Education in the Agricultural Sector with the Approach of Resistance Economy and Sustainable Development
Mohammad Yousefinejad Maryam Larijani Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri Mahdieh RezaeiBackground and purpose: The water crisis is one of the most paramount challenges in Tehran province. Virtual water management and education in many countries is a measure to overcome water shortage, especially in the agricultural sector. In Iran, virtual water consumpti MoreBackground and purpose: The water crisis is one of the most paramount challenges in Tehran province. Virtual water management and education in many countries is a measure to overcome water shortage, especially in the agricultural sector. In Iran, virtual water consumption per capita in the agricultural sector is about 20% higher than the world average. This research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of virtual water education in the agricultural sector with the approach of resistance economy and sustainable development in order to inform the users of virtual water and protect the environment, water resources, and sustainable development in the year 2021.Method: The method of this research was a combination. In the qualitative phase of the research, in order to identify the main and sub-components of the model, the technique of grounded theory was utilized. A semi-structured interview method was conducted to collect data in this phase. The purposeful snowball method was applied in the qualitative phase for sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative part included professors of related universities, experts, and managers of the executive organizations of the Ministry of Agricultural Jihad. According to the statistics and information obtained, the total number of contacts was 360. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula of 181 people. A researcher-made questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale was designed to collect data. Descriptive statistics measures (mean, standard deviation, variance, frequency, and percentage) were calculated for data analysis in the quantitative phase, and confirmatory factor analysis was employed in the inferential phase.Findings: The results of comparing the mean value of the components obtained from the test (t-test) illustrated that there is a significant difference of 1 percent between the current and desired means in all components and the current state of virtual water management education is not desirable. The validity of the questionnaire constructs was calculated by the convergent validity method at the level of 0.49 and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by the ordinal coefficient alpha at the level of 0.81. The qualitative findings of the research revealed that 11 components and 37 sub-components were the components of the virtual water education model in the agricultural sector. Based on the standard factor loadings of qvh(γ), the content components of virtual water education (0.97), methods of virtual water education (0.96), and principles of virtual water education (0.92) are respectively, the most substantial in explained the model of virtual water education. Moreover, the confirmatory factor analysis of the components illustrated that the identified components had sufficient factor loading to predict virtual water education in the agricultural sector.Discussion and Conclusion: The fit indicators of the education model in the agricultural sector illustrated that the developed model has a good fit and in addition to awareness and behavior change, the model can be a road map for the trustees and agents of education activities for virtual water users in the agricultural sector. Implementing virtual water education through the prepared model can be expected to prevent the wastage of water resources in the agricultural sector and protect natural resources. Furthermore, based on the upstream documents, it is an opportunity to attain modern agriculture, resistance economy, sustainable development, and environmental protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Assessing the residents' satisfaction with the architectural quality of Mehr housing New city of Sahand according to the indicators of sustainable architecture
Hamed Pooyafar Hassan sattari Sarbangholi Hassan Ebrahimi Asl Shabnam Akbari NamdarBackground and Objective: Measuring residential satisfaction as one of the indicators of the quality of the residential environment is one of the main topics and of interest to researchers in architecture and urban planning studies. The purpose of this research is to in MoreBackground and Objective: Measuring residential satisfaction as one of the indicators of the quality of the residential environment is one of the main topics and of interest to researchers in architecture and urban planning studies. The purpose of this research is to investigate and evaluate the satisfaction of the residents of Mehr housing in terms of architectural quality, according to the indicators of sustainable architecture that lead to the stability and satisfaction of the residents of Mehr housing. Material and Methodology: The current research method was descriptive-analytical and data collection was done in the form of survey and library studies. The statistical population of the research includes 25394 residents of Mehr Sahand housing, of which 378 people were selected as a sample to distribute the questionnaire using the Cochran sampling method. Face validity was used for validity of questions and Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability. For data analysis, structural equation method with Spss and Amos software was used. The results showed that according to the second-order factor analysis, the factor loadings of all factors of sustainable architecture quality on the satisfaction level of the residents of Mehr residence are greater than 0.4 and are significant at the 99% probability level. The results of the research showed that the greatest effects were related to physical-functional factors with a factor load (0.75), followed by socio-semantic factors with a factor load (0.69) and structural-spatial quality with a factor load (0.61). and environmental quality with factor load (0.55). Discussion and conclusion: In the end, it is concluded that four architectural quality factors have been effective in terms of sustainable architecture indicators and have a direct and meaningful relationship with the residents' satisfaction with Mehr housing city Sahand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Landscape Design Coastal Tourism Route with Resilience Approach (Case Study: Salmanshahr)
ziba maleki fereshteh habib Sara NahibiBackground and Objective: Coastal areas are one of the busiest and most touristy areas, the design and beautification of the landscape is very important, but what is important is to improve safety and security against all kinds of accidents, in other words, to make it r MoreBackground and Objective: Coastal areas are one of the busiest and most touristy areas, the design and beautification of the landscape is very important, but what is important is to improve safety and security against all kinds of accidents, in other words, to make it resilient. Material and Methodology: The main purpose of this research is to design the coastal landscape of Salmanshahr with the aim of promoting resilience, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method and field studies. The statistical population consists of all factors involved with the range, including residents, tourists and experts, of which 100 people have been selected as a statistical sample. Data analysis was performed using T-statistic analysis, regression analysis and SWOT-QSPM analysis. Findings: The results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between landscape design and resilience promotion in the range. In addition, the findings indicate that there are many problems in the field of landscape and resilience in the area. Discussion and Conclusion: Organizing and designing the landscape of Salmanshahr beach with resilience can lead to the growth and development of tourism in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Interpretive Ranking of Marketing Functions for Sustainable Ecotourism in Free Zones of Iran
Nasrin Zabihi Samani Abdolhadi Darzian Azizi Belgheis BavarsadBackground and Objective: One of the goals of any economic system is to use tourism capacities in sustainable development, which especially requires the use of marketing strategies in this field. In this research, first, the dimensions of ecotourism are identified throu MoreBackground and Objective: One of the goals of any economic system is to use tourism capacities in sustainable development, which especially requires the use of marketing strategies in this field. In this research, first, the dimensions of ecotourism are identified through Metasynthesis, and then, through the interpretive ranking process, the most effective dimension is determined in the free zones of Iran. Material and Methodology: The methodology of this research was mixed, so that in the qualitative part, first, based on previous research the marketing functions of ecotourism sustainability were identified as the basis of analysis, and then, based on Delphi analysis, the theoretical consensus was determined to provide a theoretical framework for the research. In the quantitative part, was used Interpretive Ranking Process. In this analysis, the aim was to determine the most important marketing functions of ecotourism sustainability in the free zones of Iran. Findings: The results of the research indicated the existence of eight marketing functions of ecotourism sustainability through Meta-synthesis analysis, which were confirmed during two rounds of Delphi. The results in the quantitative section showed the percentage of effectiveness of using education in recycling; management of water consumption, etc. in sustainable ecotourism marketing is higher than other functions of ecotourism sustainable marketing. Discussion and Conclusion: This research is of theoretical and practical importance due to the creation of theoretical coherence regarding ecotourism and its expansion at the level of sustainability functions of Iran's free zones, which can be effective in identifying the axes that affect this area and develop the field for attracting tourists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Pathology of Environmental Sustainability with an emphasis Ahvaz Metropolis
Nahid Sajadian jafar saeediNowadays, cities, of the problems and serious injuries in various fields, especially environmental challenges are suffering. Concentration of population in cities and the disproportion between growth of services and urban infrastructure, particularly in developing count MoreNowadays, cities, of the problems and serious injuries in various fields, especially environmental challenges are suffering. Concentration of population in cities and the disproportion between growth of services and urban infrastructure, particularly in developing countries, Urban areas in terms criterias of environmental sustainability and quality of life with all kinds of environmental damage such as air pollutants, pollutants audio-visual, disposal problems of sewage and garbage disposal problems, health water providing etc confronted. Continuation of such injuries, especially with form and function in developing countries, including Iran, the crisis is creating and alerts based the environmental instability in cities. In this context, the present study is an applied research and descriptive-analytical method. The main purpose of research, analysis and pathology environmental sustainability in Ahvaz city. To achieve the desired aim, by extracting findings from the study experiences internal studies, indicators such as air contaminants, water and urban wastes was selected as environmental damage. The findings indicate that despite the contribution of environmental damage in the analysis of sustainability Indicators and the quality of the urban environment, Can be said that the most important air pollutants are role in environmental instability in Ahvaz city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Assessing the Components of Social Sustainability in the Historical Bazaar of Tabriz based on the Perspectives of the Merchants
Reza Shoari MirSaeid moosavi Mohammadreza PakdelFard Assadollah ShafizadehBackground and Objective: Today, despite the extensive changes in urban communities, the Bazzar has been able to maintain its social role. Considering the importance of the Bazzar as a center for social activities, the main purpose of this study is to measure the degree MoreBackground and Objective: Today, despite the extensive changes in urban communities, the Bazzar has been able to maintain its social role. Considering the importance of the Bazzar as a center for social activities, the main purpose of this study is to measure the degree of social stability in the historical Bazzar of Tabriz based on the views of active traders.Material and Methodology: The research method is descriptive-analytical. Data analysis was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman tests. Findings: showed that all components of social sustainability are interdependent. A change in any of the components will lead to a change in the other components. Among these, the highest correlation between the component of sense of belonging and social interactions with the value of 0.902 is the correlation between the two components of social interaction and social security with the value of 0.896 and the component of sense of belonging and satisfaction with the value of 0.893 are in the next order. The lowest correlation between the identity-social monitoring component is 0.574. In comparison between the lowest correlation, the correlation between the dual variables of identity-social security and identity-sense of belonging, identity-social interactions are 0.640, 0.645 and 0.652, respectively. Accordingly, the identity component has the least degree of dependence on other components of social stability. Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that the role and importance of the Bazzar as a platform for social activities has not changed over time and is still stable in the minds of active traders in the Bazzar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Analysis of the spatial organization of regional and environmental sustainability in the formation of space
Ehsan Dorostkar roghyeh kheiriSpace and deployment activities and living it requires an independent organization with administrative procedures and processes. Organization as a key point in creating a balance in the region will be remembered. The step is very important and necessary to recognize in MoreSpace and deployment activities and living it requires an independent organization with administrative procedures and processes. Organization as a key point in creating a balance in the region will be remembered. The step is very important and necessary to recognize in the early stages. Space and deployment activities and living it requires an independent organization with administrative procedures and processes. Organization as a key point in creating a balance in the region will be remembered. The step is very important and necessary to recognize in the early stages.The spatial organization of the executive process is a difficult process to follow. The research is to understand the complex process of spatial organization with the goals of the region. The goal of achieving a clear and systematic process in which the spatial organization of research method is documentary and library. which are major steps to do just taken a big step towards regional balance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The Experience of Creating Intelligent, Green and Garden City of Putrajaya, Malaysia
Nasim Sahraei NejadBackground and Objective: Following the problems caused by population growth and depletion of infrastructure resources in the Malaysian capital city, and based on the government decisions in 1993, the idea of forming an administrative capital of the country, with the na MoreBackground and Objective: Following the problems caused by population growth and depletion of infrastructure resources in the Malaysian capital city, and based on the government decisions in 1993, the idea of forming an administrative capital of the country, with the name "Putrajaya", was proposed. This city has been designed as a sample city with maximum attention to the nature and environment, and one of the significant points in the process of planning, designing and constructing, it has been the speed of action. Material and Methodology: This research has introduced the formation of this green city by examining library resources and studying the relevant documents as well as reviewing related sites. Results: The city of Putrajaya was formed by considering the three important concepts as Garden-City, Green City and Smart City and the general approaches to its planning and designing include Planning for Neighborhood Spaces, Reviewing and Reviving the Traditional Identity of the City, the Supporting City, emphasizing on the Public Transportation, paying Attention to Urban Image and Urban Identity, Urban Ecology Approach, Environmental Architecture and Urban Sustainability Management. Discussion and Conclusion: In fact, the process of formation of this city has been a symbol of power and progress of Malaysia and it shows the fact that theoretical ideas and concepts such as garden-city, green city and smart city have the ability to be implemented and have not remained just as an idea. Finally, the development of Putrajaya city has significantly affected various social, political, cultural and tourism aspects of Malaysia, and the combination of these factors has made this city a unique example in the new millennium that can be a model for repetition in other cities and countries with similar conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Appraisal the Quality of Gap between the Current Situation and Desired Sustainability of Industrial Marketing of Rural Green Businesses
Mohammad Mehdi Karimi Rasoul Sanavifard Aliasghar Eyvazi Mostafa KhajehBackground and Objective: In terms of meaning, green sustainable development, global partnership for the continuity and dynamics of economic growth; Social justice and preservation and renewal of environmental capacities shines not only for the present but also for futu MoreBackground and Objective: In terms of meaning, green sustainable development, global partnership for the continuity and dynamics of economic growth; Social justice and preservation and renewal of environmental capacities shines not only for the present but also for future generations and shows a kind of comprehensive view and commitment of all to improve the common future of mankind in all fields such as rural green businesses. The purpose of this research is Appraisal the quality of the gap between the current situation and the desired sustainability of industrial marketing of rural green businesses. Material and Methodology: In this research, factors and components were identified by Delphi method with the participation of 10 specialized experts in the field of rural businesses, and then the indicators were categorized using the PESTEL method. Then, the gap quality between the current and desired conditions was drawn and the factors and indicators were ranked through the IP matrix. Findings: The findings of the research showed that legal, economic and technological factors respectively play the greatest role in the gap in the status of rural businesses. Also, among the components, social security laws for home businesses, guaranteeing government agencies, and integrated mentality of electronic businesses, liquidity, water supply and investment respectively had a greater impact on creating a gap. The IP matrix showed that there are 14 components with high performance and importance that should be continued. Discussion and Conclusion: The obtained results are an indication of the fact that rural development policies should include the contribution of agriculture, both in order to improve farm activities and in support of ancillary services, to ensure sustainable development in order to promote green businesses in the regions. Use rural. Therefore, the policy makers of this field should codify flexible laws in the field of agricultural reforms so that rural development in the field of green business is the basis for the social and political stability of these areas in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Principles and Concepts to Achieve Successful Ecotourism
Seyedhamed Mirkarimi Sahar Saeidi Sepideh SaeidiTourism is now one of the most important economic, social and cultural issues. Development of ecotourism as one of the most attractive type of tourism could have had remarkable environmental impacts in addition to its economic, social and cultural effects. These effects MoreTourism is now one of the most important economic, social and cultural issues. Development of ecotourism as one of the most attractive type of tourism could have had remarkable environmental impacts in addition to its economic, social and cultural effects. These effects would have had destructive impacts on many aspects of human and natural environment if not carefully considered, and do not develop preventive measures in the form of guidelines, standards and continuous evaluations and would have caused instability in environment and consequently in ecotourism. However, ecotourism as an appropriate tool could have had a global or regional role in sustainable tourism. Unfortunately, ecotourism now is not properly managed and is defined in a way that is far from the standards which are discussed in this paper to achieve sustainable success. For example, community participation and satisfaction of native people in tourism activities is one of the necessities to achieve the goals of sustainable tourism. On the other hand, adopted tourism policies not only should have pay attention to the marketing and the number of visitors but also should considered to the visitors experience quality and the region integrity. The purpose of this article is to explain, interpret and differentiate the concepts of tourism and ecotourism and develop some of the required principles and policies to achieve the sustainable tourism using ecotourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Assessing of the Contribution of Sustainability Indicators in a Healthy Urban City (case study: Arak city, Iran)
Sharareh PourebrahimSustainability in healthy urban systems required to determine some effective indicators in different aspects of economic, social and environment. Development of appropriate indicators and find the most suitable method for the quantification of sustainability indicators MoreSustainability in healthy urban systems required to determine some effective indicators in different aspects of economic, social and environment. Development of appropriate indicators and find the most suitable method for the quantification of sustainability indicators are important elements in explaining urban health programs and taking important decisions. In this paper, at first the various parameters in three cluster of social, economic and environment are collected and then using Analytic Network Process (ANP) as a MCDM technique tried to introduce appropriate method to determine the weight of each indicator and then find a way for prioritization of sustainability indicators. This method helps to quantify urban health indicators. In addition, using this method optimal choice of policy makers to assess various scenarios to achieve sustainable and healthy urban environments can be achieved. City urban management experts who have at least five years experience in their specialty have been chosen and they tried to weight criteria and indicators according to the technique of ANP. Results show the appropriate indicators in different sectors of economic, social and environment to achieve urban sustainable development. Combined expertise and capabilities of Analytic Network Process as a benefit of this research will enable policy makers to make optimal choices. Another benefit of this research is the reasonable weighting of sustainability indicators. �ند )[ ��0� ��� خص­های موثر از جنبه­های مختلف اقتصادی- اجتماعی و محیط­­زیستی است. توسعه شاخص­های متناسب و یافتن مناسب­ترین روش جهت کمی­سازی این شاخص­ها در تعریف پایداری از ارکان مهم در تبیین برنامه­ها و تصمیم­گیری­های کلان سلامت شهری است. در این مقاله ابتدا به بررسی شاخص­های مختلف پرداخته می­شود و سپس با استفاده از تکنیک­های تصمیم­گیری چند معیاری به معرفی روشی متناسب جهت تعیین وزن هر یک از شاخص­های پایداری و در نهایت اولویت بندی آنها پرداخته می­شود. این روش علاوه بر کمی­سازی شاخص­های سلامت شهری، امکان انتخاب بهینه را به سیاستگذاران می­دهد تا با ارزیابی سناریوهای مختلف به پایدارترین و سالم­ترین محیط­های شهری نایل شوند. خبرگان شهراراک که دارای سابقه مدیریت شهری بوده­اند در تخصص خود اقدام به وزن دهی معیارها با توجه به تکنیک ANP[1] نموده­اند. نتایج مبین شاخص­های مناسب در بخش­های مختلف اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیط­زیستی جهت نیل به توسعه پایدار شهری است. ترکیب نظرات کارشناسی و قابلیت­های روش تحلیل شبکه­ای به عنوان مزیت این تحقیق امکان انتخاب بهینه را به سیاستگذاران خواهد داد. وزن دهی منطقی شاخص­های پایداری از مزایای دیگر این تحقیق است. [1]-Analytic Network Process Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Water sensitive cities a new approach to sustainable urban development
Mahmood Jomehpour Khalil Kalantari Golshan HemmatiAbstract Realizing the effects of global warming and climate change, urban communities seeking to achieve flexibility in future changes related to urban water resources, biodiversity, population growth and climate change. But despite the development of existing infrast MoreAbstract Realizing the effects of global warming and climate change, urban communities seeking to achieve flexibility in future changes related to urban water resources, biodiversity, population growth and climate change. But despite the development of existing infrastructure and the emergence of newtechnologies at the service of urban water sustainability goals, during 20 years this change remains too slow. Now well accepted that traditional urban water management is not appropriate for paying current and future sustainability issues and fundamental changes in the technical structure and management of urban water systems and using new theories to explain urban water planning for sustainable development. In this regard, a relatively new concept in the field of urban water management the last two decades of its creation is proposed under water sensitive cities. this concept provides ecological solutions to achieve sustainability in urban development and cities require fundamental changes in management, social and technical than conventional methods. In this way, present research covers water sensitive cities and in the form of Criteria, targets and criteria for water sensitive urban design, water sensitive urban planning and eventually was given water sensitive city. And finally, to enhance the experience of using this pattern, this pattern has been studied in Melbourne and Moonee Valley. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Analyzing the similarity of Avini's speech texts with Jung and Molana in mystical teachings
seidezahra hosseini nia saber emami Amir Ismaeil Azarbefore and after it, it forms an intertwined network of meanings, similarities and semantic and linguistic differences. From this point of view, it is comparative and interacts with the texts before and after itself. As a branch of contemporary literature, sacred defens Morebefore and after it, it forms an intertwined network of meanings, similarities and semantic and linguistic differences. From this point of view, it is comparative and interacts with the texts before and after itself. As a branch of contemporary literature, sacred defense literature has acquired some of its meanings through interactive relationships with earlier texts, especially mystical texts, and from a comparative perspective with mystical literature, it is somewhat in line with a common meaning-making discourse. In this article, we have tried to analyze the mystical origins and the similarity of the texts of Avini with the works of Molana and Carl Gustav Jung using a descriptive analytical method with a comparative approach. The results of this research show the alignment of Avini's words with concepts such as; manifestation, light, darkness, and the meeting of God, which are the most frequent words and concepts of Molana's verses and mysticism, and which are used with a new expression in the proposal and process of Jung's individuality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Psychoanalytic critique of red in the poems of Omar Abu Risheh and Qaisar Aminpour Based on Max Luscher's theory
سکینه صارمی گروی roghayh mhmandosIn today's literature, symbols play an important role in depicting and conveying meanings. One of these symbols that is cleverly used by poets is the element of color. Therefore, resistance poets try to express their ideals and desires by using different colors. As an e MoreIn today's literature, symbols play an important role in depicting and conveying meanings. One of these symbols that is cleverly used by poets is the element of color. Therefore, resistance poets try to express their ideals and desires by using different colors. As an example of Qaisar Aminpour in Persian literature andBy using symbols in their works, Omar Aburisheh has created mysterious associations in allegorical fields with various cultural, ritual and historical backgrounds. The element of color is one of the important components of the imaginary and one of the prominent elements of the symbolic language of these two poets, which has been used to express their intended meanings. This article forms. The method is descriptive-analytical and the results show that both poets have used red as a symbol of perfection, martyrdom, protest and uprising.. The method is descriptive-analytical and the results show that both poets have used red as a symbol of perfection, martyrdom, protest and uprising. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Unity; Discourse in the Context of Sustainability Literature; with a Reflection on Persian and Arabic Contemporary Poetries
Farooq NematiInvitation to national unity and cohesion is one of the main themes in sustainability literature. Therefore, one of the most important discourses among the poets of the Islamic awakening in Persian and Arabic contemporary poetry is the issue of unity and public invitati MoreInvitation to national unity and cohesion is one of the main themes in sustainability literature. Therefore, one of the most important discourses among the poets of the Islamic awakening in Persian and Arabic contemporary poetry is the issue of unity and public invitation to solidarity and the formation of a single line against the enemies. This important socio-political category, the main sources of which are the guidelines of Holy Quran and the hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH), is widely reflected in the contemporary period and in the poems of bilingual poets; In a way, these poets consider the factor of unity in religious and national fields as one of the main factors of victory and success of Muslims in their political and social arenas. In this article, we will examine and analyze their views on the issue of unity by passing over the poems of the most important Persian and Arabic contemporary poets in the field of sustainability literature. The approach of this research shows that these poets, while enumerating the dangers of division, consider unity in its two Islamic and national spheres as the basis for achieving goals and defeating the conspiracies and plans of the enemy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Manifestations of Resistant Literature in Iranian Literature and Contemporary Palestine
Mohammad reza Beigi mehdi mohammadi Khadijeh Safari kendsariLanguage is undoubtedly the embodiment and symbol of the mind. Mental action is expressed when it comes to the stage of language, and expression is nothing but a combination of words and phrases. In fact, poets make their invisible minds visible and understandable in "w MoreLanguage is undoubtedly the embodiment and symbol of the mind. Mental action is expressed when it comes to the stage of language, and expression is nothing but a combination of words and phrases. In fact, poets make their invisible minds visible and understandable in "what to say" and "how to say". The occupation of Arab countries, including Iraq and Palestine, as well as the imposed war after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, were a great test for the field. Anyone could protect the homeland in any way he could. This current remains to this day and is necessary to preserve the values of sacred defense. The present article is descriptive-analytical and the research findings indicate that the language of contemporary stability poetry with persuasive functions has religious, epic, cultural and mythological themes, and using structures such as allusion, simile, metaphor, aberration, The archetype, etc. depicts the blowing of the spirit of morality and the strength and heroic authority with a suitable and eloquent tone and meaning for the audience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - A Study of the Theme of Palestine in the Literature of Sustainability in the Poems of Ali Mousavi Garmaroodi, Nasrallah Mardani and Javad Jamil"
Forouzan joolaei nahid fowziThe literature of the Palestinian resistance is considered an important and inseparable part of contemporary literature as well as the Intifada, and because of its roots in reality, it is one of the purest examples of sustainability literature throughout history. This t MoreThe literature of the Palestinian resistance is considered an important and inseparable part of contemporary literature as well as the Intifada, and because of its roots in reality, it is one of the purest examples of sustainability literature throughout history. This type of literature as a branch of committed literature in the occupied territories due to concerns as well as oppression and resistance of the people and also due to its formation in contexts such as oppression, rape, tyranny, oppression and repression from a high position. And the issue of resistance against the occupiers, due to the recording of the struggles of the peoples of the Orient due to the political commonalities and beliefs that exist between the two nations of Iran and Palestine, as one of the central themes of Islamic Revolution poetry, in the works of many committed poets And there is a revolution. In this article, with a comparative approach to the poetry of Javad Jamil, a prominent Iraqi poet, and Seyyed Ali Mousavi Garmaroodi and Nasrallah Mardani, prominent poets of the Islamic Revolution, the common themes of these poets in dealing with the issue of the occupation of Palestine are examined. The resistance and stability of the Palestinian people and the fighters of this land have been praised by poets. Anti-authoritarianism and the expulsion of the usurpers of the land of Palestine are the aspirations of all three poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Examine the simile element in Ashura poetry of sacred defense poets(Nasrollah Mardani, Ali Moallem, Tahere Safarzadeh, Fatemeh Rakei)
Tahereh Satarian Mohammad Reza Shad MannamenThe simile is at the top of the expression style, in that way the most obvious forms of imagination is the simile element that the most used in all times. Paying attention to the analogy in contemporary poetry has also been one of the most important principles in MoreThe simile is at the top of the expression style, in that way the most obvious forms of imagination is the simile element that the most used in all times. Paying attention to the analogy in contemporary poetry has also been one of the most important principles in the poetry of poets of sustainability literature that is the best expressed. Thinking and reflecting on the work of sacred defense(Nasrollah Mardani, Ali Moallem, Tahereh Safarzadeh, Fatemeh Rakei) poets somehow it opens the way to understanding imitation of these people and the other hand it shows the ingenuity of these poets. In fact ,the metaphorical structures in a poet’s poetry are among the first components that reflect this change. The similes have the specific place in the poetry of this period and many of them have mystical roots. In fact the most poets of sacred defense in expression in analogy in his poem have used tangible and material elements and the use of abstract elements in making similes has become commonplace. This article is a descriptive_ analytical study based on library data examine the simile element in Ashura poetry of sacred defense poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Scrutinizing the Role of Tourism Industry on Reducing the Housing Unsustainability in Informal Settlements (Case study: Manoochehri neighborhood in Hamadan)
Mohammad Rahmani Masoomeh Delphani -
Open Access Article
133 - Scrutinizing the role of tourism industry on reducing the housing unsustainability in informal settlements (Case study:Manoochehri neighborhood in Hamadan)
Mohammad Rahmani Masoomeh Delphani -
Open Access Article
134 - The relationship between urban resilience and tourism crisis management in Iran
Mojtaba Bourbour Mossayeb Abbasi Ahmad Arab Ameri -
Open Access Article
135 - The Moderating Effect of Organizational Knowledge Management on the Correlation between Intellectual Asset and Financial Sustainability with a Structural Equation Approach
Azar Moslemi Marzieh Shariati Saeid Darbandi FarahaniThe present era can be named the age of management. With respect to the fact that disclosure of intellectual assets in the international level is growing, the corporations are putting their competitive and distinctive advantage in knowledge management strategies which s MoreThe present era can be named the age of management. With respect to the fact that disclosure of intellectual assets in the international level is growing, the corporations are putting their competitive and distinctive advantage in knowledge management strategies which should use intellectual assets as a source of producing organizational performance priority and value. According to the approach of beneficiaries, the sustenance of the corporations' activities, competitions, and stable relationship depends on sustainability accounting functions. Therefore, the corporates stabilize their transactions using relevant structures and by reporting the sustainability, they can reform and inform their performance. Thus, evaluation and disclosure of intellectual asset as an innovative value has been considered by the beneficiaries who have contradictory interests. The purpose of the present research is to review the role of knowledge management on the correlation between intellectual asset and sustainability accosting structures of the corporations accepted in the stock exchange from 2015 to 2019. The research statistical sample composed of the financial managers and experts in the corporations under study and for data collection, some standard and research made questionnaires as well as financial bills were used. After reliability and validity testing, data analysis and hypothesis testing was conducted using Structural Equation Method (SEM) and Smart-Pls software. The results indicate that accounting sustainability structures of the corporations significantly and directly are influenced by the evaluation and reporting of intellectual assets and that organizational knowledge management fosters this positive and significant correlation. Assessment and disclosure of intellectual assets makes the corporations achieve sustainability accounting structures with higher quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Examining the role of organizational nudge and psychological capital on Organizational Sustainability in stock brokerages with the mediating role of corrupt behavior
Shayan Rouhani Rad Mohammad KeshavarzToday, brokerage companies in the competitive market and in order to achieve financial success must identify effective and necessary factors to prevent corrupt behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of organizational nudge and MoreToday, brokerage companies in the competitive market and in order to achieve financial success must identify effective and necessary factors to prevent corrupt behaviors. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of organizational nudge and psychological capital on organizational sustainability in stock brokerages with the mediating role of corrupt behaviors. This study has been conducted regarding applied purpose, descriptive type, and survey method. The statistical population in this study is 610 employees of stock brokerage companies in Shiraz city, who were selected by convenience sampling method. In order to analyze the data, the partial least squares method and Smart PLS-2 software were used. Convergent validity was used to measure validity, Cronbach's alpha was used to measure reliability, and its coefficient is more significant than 0.7 for all research constructs. The obtained results indicate that the organizational nudge negatively and significantly affects corrupt behavior in brokerage companies. Also, the positive and significant effect of organizational nudge and psychological capital on organizational sustainability was confirmed. Finally, the results of this research showed that corrupt behaviors play a mediating role between organizational nudge, psychological capital, and organizational sustainability of stock brokerage companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Investigating the effect of dark three personality traits of managers on corporate sustainability (Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange)
fahimeh tajik marzi ebrahimishaghaghi Hossein Eslami Mofid AbadiThe purpose of comparative study of the dark traits of the personality on corporate sustainability with evidence of the Tehran Stock Exchange is an applied study and a descriptive-correlational study method. The statistical population of the study included activists, in MoreThe purpose of comparative study of the dark traits of the personality on corporate sustainability with evidence of the Tehran Stock Exchange is an applied study and a descriptive-correlational study method. The statistical population of the study included activists, investors, agents, experts and senior experts of Tehran Stock Exchange companies, who were selected with a simple 240 random sampling strategy. In this study, the standard questionnaire of the Digen (Jonson & Webster, 2010) was used with three subscales of Machiavellism (eliminating all ethics), narcissism and psychosis. Corporate sustainability, including two subscales of environmental preferences and social preferences, was used by Plaster and Salver (2021). Research data analysis was performed with the model of structural equations and Smart PLS software. The results suggest that the dark traits of managers' personality have a negative impact on corporate sustainability; removing ethics has a negative impact on environmental preferences. Narcissism has a positive effect on environmental preferences. Psychosis has a negative impact on environmental preferences; Removing ethics has a negative impact on social preferences. Narcissism has a positive impact on social preferences. Psychosis has a negative impact on social preferences. Managers' dark personality traits have a positive impact on corporate sustainability by modulating managerial authority. The dark personality traits of managers have a negative impact on environmental preferences by modulating managerial authority, but this effect was not significant. Managers' dark personality traits have a negative impact on social preferences by modulating managerial authority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - The effect of brain-based education on level of learning of pre-schoolers and their linguistic preparedness
ramin nozohouri Eskandar Fathiazar Yousef Adib Hasan Bafandeh GharamalekiThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brain-based education on preschoolers level of learning and their linguistic preparedness. This research was carried out using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects were 40 stu MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brain-based education on preschoolers level of learning and their linguistic preparedness. This research was carried out using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects were 40 students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and were divided into experimental and control group (two classes of 20 people). The pre-school educator of experimental group was trained in 9 sessions moreover two sessions of brain education were given to children's parents. The learning environment was changed based on the components affecting the brain (light, nutrition, oxygen, colour, music, and water). Subsequently, in the experimental group, training was provided for four months based on the principles of the brain-based curriculum. For both groups, pre-test and post-test were performed according to the content of the activities planned for the preschool education. Data were analyzed using covariance and T tests. The findings indicated that brain-based education has a significant effect on increasing the level of learning and its sustainability as well as their linguistic preparedness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - A Study of Mystical Themes in Sustainability Literature in Tahereh Saffarzadeh’s and Bashari Al-Bustani’s Poetry
Behnam Feli Enayatolah Fatehinejhad Latifeh Salamat bavilMysticism and Sufism are one of the Islamic schools that have their roots in Islam, have had many supporters throughout the history of Islam, and still own them, not only in thought but also in jihadist movements and stability and sometimes in the form of militant group MoreMysticism and Sufism are one of the Islamic schools that have their roots in Islam, have had many supporters throughout the history of Islam, and still own them, not only in thought but also in jihadist movements and stability and sometimes in the form of militant groups. In contemporary Persian and Arabic literature, the components and characteristics of mystical literature and stability in the poetry of Bashari Al-Bustani and Tahereh Saffarzadeh are important models in combining these two literary fields. Bashari Al-Bustani is a contemporary Iraqi poet. Tahereh Saffarzadeh is one of the contemporary Iranian poets who, as a revolutionary poet, has devoted a large part of her poems to the concepts of mystical literature. This research uses a descriptive-analytical method to study and analyze the mystical components in the poetry of poets of sustainable literature such as Bashari Al-Bustani and Tahereh Saffarzadeh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Mystical Themes and Concepts in Poems by Alireza Ghazveh and Ahmad Azizi
Nahid Hemmati reza fahimi Mohammad Taghi GhandiMystical literature is part of the literary heritage created by mystic poets under the influence of Sufism.Mystical themes have been deeply connected with the literature of stability since ancient times, and after the holy defense, its connection has become deeper.Mysti MoreMystical literature is part of the literary heritage created by mystic poets under the influence of Sufism.Mystical themes have been deeply connected with the literature of stability since ancient times, and after the holy defense, its connection has become deeper.Mystical themes not only have a special place in the poems of the prominent mystical poet of the past, but also in the poetry of contemporary poets of stability, especially Azizi and Qazveh.Sustainable literature that is tied to the historical event of Ashura And warriors, by setting an example of Imam Hussein (AS) in protecting the honor and zeal of the homeland and resisting oppression; He chose martyrdom, which is a red and mystical death and the attainment of excellence and perfectionAnd Qazveh and Azizi in the era of holy defense with the benefit of mystical themes; The literature of sustainability is adorned with mystical themesAnd with poems in order not to care about carnal and worldly belongings, they decorated themes such as love, unity of existence, annihilation and survival, manifestation, astonishment and mystical mysteries such as butler, may, makdeh, ruin, contemporary literature.In this research, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method, while presenting the evidence of the example of the poets in question, the analysis of mystical concepts based on their poems is mentioned.And then in conclusion, two poets have benefited from mystical concepts, especially the voluntary death of martyrs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Investigating the Role of Socio-Cultural Sustainability Indicators in Urban Public Spaces’ Development (Case Study: Kholdebarin Park and Eram Garden Street, Shiraz)
Tahereh Nasr Maryam EmadiArchitecture is created by human beings and this architecture is influenced by human ideals and continues to affect human beings and forms part of their ideals and ideals according to the needs in life. It is certain that design with a religious approach and attention t MoreArchitecture is created by human beings and this architecture is influenced by human ideals and continues to affect human beings and forms part of their ideals and ideals according to the needs in life. It is certain that design with a religious approach and attention to socio-cultural sustainability, can play an important role in human well-being and lead them to a healthy and appropriate society. Therefore, in urban policy and design, it is very important to consider the purpose of the design, visual experience and behavioral patterns of users. In the present article, the concept of quality and components and criteria affecting the design of landscape architecture and cultural space and the type of their relationship with humans are discussed through the views of thinkers in the field of urban design and planning. The most important questions of this research are; what are the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability in urban public spaces? And what is the relationship between the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria? To achieve this goal, the research method of this article is a qualitative method and the components of sustainable urban development and the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria are identified. The results indicate that the design of urban public spaces with emphasis on socio-cultural sustainability and attention to the components of Iranian-Islamic architecture, to create a living and dynamic atmosphere and by influencing the mental thinking of individuals to create gatherings and collective memories. It achieves peace of mind and, in addition to quantitative values, also takes steps to meet quality needs, and also with proper design, provides the possibility of better spatial separation and a sense of calm and dynamism at the same time.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Architecture is created by human beings and this architecture is influenced by human ideals and continues to affect human beings and forms part of their ideals and ideals according to the needs in life. It is certain that with a religious approach, urban landscape architecture can play an important role in the well-being of human beings and lead them to a healthy and suitable society for human life. Of course, it should be noted that the issue of Iranian-Islamic identity, which has become an important and influential issue for trustees, experts and thinkers in various fields and can play a significant role in design, is therefore very important in urban policy and design. The purpose of the design, visual experience and behavioral patterns of users should be considered.Methodology: With this assumption and in order to recognize the relationship between criteria and sub-criteria affecting the quality of space, with humans, in the present article, the concept of quality and components and criteria affecting it and their relationship with humans, by examining and comparing the views of different thinkers The field of urban design and planning is covered. The most important questions of this research are; what are the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability in public spaces of cities? And what is the relationship between the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria? The research hypothesis can be expressed as "it seems that architectural design can increase the interest of people to attend these spaces by using the ability to respond to all segments of society." To achieve this goal, the research method of this article is a qualitative method. In the sense that more attention has been paid to its theoretical dimensions. Attempts have been made to express the research findings in such a way that they can be used in urban projects. This research is deductive and recognizes the constructive factors of sustainable urban and then compares them. Examples of cases that have been researched include walking in Eram Garden Street and Kholdebarin Park, as well as examining the categories considered in the design of the cultural center development and the qualitative components of socio-cultural sustainability and Iranian-Islamic architectural criteria.Results and discussion: The objectives of this article are to extract the effective components in urban policy and design in order to create appropriate spaces for gathering and community of all segments of the population, in addition to paying attention to quantitative values, in order to meet quality needs. The step was taken and also with the appropriate design, it provided the possibility of better spatial separation and creating a sense of stillness and dynamism at the same time. Due to the importance and necessity of this topic, this article has been done with the aim of extracting and explaining the most important factors affecting the quality of public spaces of parks, sidewalks and cultural spaces. - Iranian-Islamic culture and architecture has taken place. By comparing the criteria of Iranian-Islamic architecture with the indicators of social sustainability, it can be inferred that people enjoy an environment whose structure meets the requirements of current patterns of behavior and the physiological comfort they need, in other words, the physiological needs of personality, society and Cultural should respond Assuming that the environment meets the requirements of current patterns of behavior and needs well, that environment is qualitatively satisfactory if it has the following values:1- Sensory values that are the result of pleasurable senses such as olfactory sensation, taste, hearing and sight.2. Form values that are related to the enjoyable structure or patterns of the environment.3- Symbolic or associative values that originate from mental images created through sensory values.How to perceive the signs and semantic factors in creating and strengthening the sense of place is the main focus of this research, which can be considered a groundbreaking achievement to improve the quality of architectural space. Sense of place In addition to making people feel comfortable in an open environment, it supports the cultural concepts that people want, the social relations of the community in a particular place, and reminds people of past experiences by achieving identity. In order to prolong and increase the quality of life flow and better interaction between space and society, space should be given the ability to adapt to changes in lifestyle and human needs, or in other words, to consider criteria in the design that make space be flexible. According to the issues raised about socio-cultural sustainability and components of Islamic-Iranian architecture, we can say that there are commonalities and similarities between these two categories. For example, in Iranian-Islamic architecture, the components of democracy, multifunctionality of space, harmony with nature, geometry, unity and multiplicity, rhythm, calmness and centralism are closely related to components of socio-cultural sustainability such as well-being and vitality, interaction between environment and consumer. , Observed symbolism in the environment, a sense of physical and mental security and beauty.Conclusion: The results indicate that the design of urban public spaces with emphasis on socio-cultural sustainability and attention to the components of Iranian-Islamic architecture, to create a living and dynamic space and by influencing the mental thinking of individuals to create gatherings and collective memories for Achieves peace of mind and in addition to quantitative values, also takes steps to meet quality needs, and also with proper design, provides the possibility of better spatial separation and a sense of stillness and dynamism at the same time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Investigating the effects of resilience indicators and formulating effective strategies on eco-oriented sustainability (Study case: Faizabad neighborhood of Kermanshah city)
Mirsalar Habibi seyedali Nouri seyedjamalodin daryabariCities are always exposed to serious risks and damages, which shows the importance of risk management and prediction. Resilience is an approach that can help improve urban areas and their response in the face of crisis. The assessment of cities in terms of different ind MoreCities are always exposed to serious risks and damages, which shows the importance of risk management and prediction. Resilience is an approach that can help improve urban areas and their response in the face of crisis. The assessment of cities in terms of different indicators and their status can provide a suitable framework for managers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of resilience indicators and developing effective strategies for their modification based on eco-oriented sustainability. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on field data. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population is made up of 4830 residents of Faiz Abad neighborhood. Based on Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 356 people. Also, 50 related experts were used to formulate the strategy. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed as well as the reliability with Cronbach's alpha above 0.70. The results show that the most effective indicators in improving resilience are related to the environmental health index with a value of 0.95. Also, the index of social belonging has the ability to explain 0.85, environmental and spatial threats 0.85, economic infrastructure 0.82, social participation 0.80 and economic welfare also has 0.78 in the field of improving the resilience of Faiz Abad neighborhood. The results showed that 7 strategies can be emphasized in order to improve urban resilience based on the eco-oriented approach that including supporting and facilitating the prosperity of the economic foundations of the neighborhood, promoting social capital and education, planning the development of neighborhood tourism, reconstruction, development and creation of physical spaces, renovation facilities and incentive schemes, neighborhood environmental health, reforming and reviewing the interaction of institutions with people.Extended AbstractIntroduction:With the development of urbanization and the increase of urban population, managers and urban planners should pay more attention to the challenges caused by development in urban areas. One of the challenges facing urban managers and planners is natural or human crises. Crises are the product of unsustainable development compared to balancing the social, economic and natural environment. Urban crises, by adversely affecting the three indicators of society, economy and environment, cause great and sometimes irreparable damages to urban areas, which is one of the basic priorities of all urban planners in terms of identifying, planning and optimal management of crises; Therefore, making urban communities resilient is of particular importance. Faizabad neighborhood is one of the old neighborhoods located in the old context of Kermanshah city. This neighborhood has an economic function and valuable historical structures such as residential buildings Rande Kash, Manzi Yazdi, Teke Biglarbigi, Sarai Tawakkel, Bazaar, Teke Faiz Abad, Zorkhane Alamdar have historical and identity value. On the other hand, this neighborhood has an unfavorable physical and environmental condition, a significant percentage of the buildings in the neighborhood are dilapidated and of poor quality. Therefore, if a crisis occurs in this neighborhood, its effect will be double, so the resilience of this neighborhood is necessary to reduce the effect of the crisis. Therefore, in this research, considering the important location of this ancient fabric in Kermanshah city, it has been tried to influence various resilience indicators based on eco-oriented sustainability and provide effective strategies in order to improve them in this neighborhood.Methodology:According to its nature, the research method is descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the intended research includes citizens living in Faiz Abad neighborhood and experts familiar with the subject. According to the statistics of the improvement and modernization plan of 2010, there are 4830 citizens living in the central part of Kermanshah. Based on Cochran's formula, the statistical sample for the statistical population of citizens at the individual level was calculated as 356 people. The sampling method is at the level of citizens, which is done randomly. A statistical sample of 50 experts was also selected. There are two types of information collection methods: library (documents) and field (survey). The research collection tools are questionnaires and interviews. For analysis, the data are summarized, coded and categorized and finally processed to provide the basis for analyzes and connections between these data in order to answer the questions. The collected raw data was entered into SPSS, AMOS software and finally the data was analyzed.Results and discussion:The results of structural equation modeling have been used to investigate the effectiveness of various components or indicators of urban resilience. Examining the model shows that the drawn model has the ability to measure the effectiveness of resilience components; Because the factor loading of 18 investigated indicators was equal to 0.75 and more than 3, and this indicates the influence and role of social, economic, environmental, physical and institutional indicators (a total of 18 factors) in urban resilience. In total, it can be said that the 18 examined indicators including place belonging, social participation, resources and human capital, economic support, economic infrastructure, economic well-being, etc. can be effective in improving resilience. Examining the role of 18 in improving urban resilience shows that the total effect value is 0.75, and in total, the analyzed indicators can account for about 0.75% of the variance, role-playing and positive effects in improving urban resilience (Faizabad neighborhood). ) to explain. Based on the results of this model, the most effective is related to the environmental health index with an explanation of 0.95. The index of social belonging can explain 0.85, environmental and spatial threats can explain 0.85, economic infrastructure can explain 0.82, social participation can explain 0.80, and economic prosperity also can explain 0.78 in the field of neighborhood resilience. It has Faizabad.The results of various factors show that 7 strategies are effective in improving urban resilience components based on eco-oriented sustainability in Faiz Abad neighborhood of Kermanshah city. These 7 strategies include supporting and facilitating the prosperity of the economic foundations of the neighborhood; improving social capital and education; neighborhood tourism development planning; Reconstruction, development and creation of desirable physical spaces; Renovation facilities and incentive plans; Health of the neighborhood environment; reforming and revising the interaction of institutions with people. Therefore, the mentioned strategies have been proposed from different aspects of economic, social, physical and environmental resilience, and they have tried to emphasize all aspects of urban resilience. In addition, at the level of the examined solutions or factors, the solution of promoting public belief in the government with a factor load of 0.873 is recognized as the most effective solution in the direction of urban resilience. Two indicators of the development and creation of social groups and non-governmental organizations with a factor load of 0.868 and also the continuous development of physical restoration with a priority of habitable residential buildings with a factor load of 0.816 in the second and third ranks of effective solutions in the direction of improving the components of urban resilience are knownAccording to the stated contents, in order to improve the urban resilience components based on eco-oriented sustainability in Faiz Abad neighborhood of Kermanshah city, 7 strategies have been mentioned that can be effective in this field.Conclusion:The general result of this research confirms that various indicators can be effective in the urban resilience of Faizabad neighborhood. These indicators affect different social, economic, physical and environmental aspects of resilience. In this context, two indicators of environmental health and social belonging have the most impact on urban resilience. Also, in line with the improvement of urban resilience components based on eco-oriented sustainability in Faiz Abad neighborhood of Kermanshah city; Supporting and facilitating the prosperity of the neighborhood's economic platforms; improving social capital and education; neighborhood tourism development planning; Reconstruction, development and creation of desirable physical spaces; Renovation facilities and incentive plans; Health of the neighborhood environment, reforming and revising the interaction of institutions with people, were recognized as key strategies. According to what was said, the resilience of Faiz Abad neighborhood requires a good and systematic management perspective in order to achieve a level of improvement and good performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Optimization Bi Objective for Designing Sustainable Supply Chain Network Economic based Competition by Cost Management Approach
Reza Ehtesham Rasi -
Open Access Article
144 - Designing a Sustainable Supply Chain Model with an Emphasis on Behavioral Factors for Foodstuffs in Kermanshah Province
Seyed Reza Hasani Ahmad Jafarnejad Chaghoshi Hosein Safari Mohammad Reza Mehregan -
Open Access Article
145 - CEO Risk-Taking Incentives based on Environmental Sustainability
Mohsen Rashidi Baqhi -
Open Access Article
146 - The sustainability radius of the cost efficiency in Interval Data Envelopment Analysis: A case study from Tehran Stocks
Esmaeil Mombini Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Mansour Saraj -
Open Access Article
147 - Performance Analysis and Sustainability Assessment of International Markets: Iran versus some other countries
Adeleh Eisazadeh Saravani Kambiz Shahroudi Alireza Amirteimoori Mehrdad Goudarzvand Chegini -
Open Access Article
148 - The Role of Social Interest Rate Risk Management in the Relationship between Sustainability Performance and Investment Efficiency
Hamzeh Asgari Rashtiani Fazel Mohammadi Nodeh Sina Kheradyar Farzin Rezaei -
Open Access Article
149 - Investigating the interaction effect of genotype × environment and yield stability of lentil germplasms (Lens culinaris Medik) using the AMMI model
mohammad rasouli Davood Mohamad zamanuIn order to evaluate the stability of the yield of lentil ecotypes in Qazvin province, an experiment in the form of a randomized block design was carried out in six planting dates (environment) with three replications at the soil and water conservation research station MoreIn order to evaluate the stability of the yield of lentil ecotypes in Qazvin province, an experiment in the form of a randomized block design was carried out in six planting dates (environment) with three replications at the soil and water conservation research station of Tehran University in Kohin rainfed lands. The results of composite variance analysis showed a significant difference between environments, genotypes and the interaction effect of genotype × environment.The analysis of additive main effects and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI) showed that the grain yield of lentil genotypes is influenced by the environmental part of the interaction effect of genotype × environment. In the analysis AMMI of the sum of squares, 55.8% was caused by environmental effects, 27% by genotypic effects and 17.2 % were justified by the genotype × environment interaction. In the AMMI method, the FILIP 2003-9L genotype with favorable relative performance and the lowest estimate of stability value (ASV) was introduced as the most stable genotype and Sabz Pardis with the best performance and the highest estimate of stability value was introduced as the most unstable genotype. In the biplot analysis of the AMMI model, the genotype FILIP 2003-9L with favorable yield and low IPCA1 value, general stability in all conditions and Sabz Pardis genotype with the highest IPCA1, showed good private compatibility with Autumn cultivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Ecological and Economic Effects of Land Equipping and Renovation in Irrigated Wheat Production in Hamadan Province
Mohammad Abdolmaleky Fereshteh YazdaniThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological and economic effects of the land equipping and renovation plan in the irrigated wheat production. Therefore, the environmental sustainability of wheat production by the ecological footprint and its product MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the ecological and economic effects of the land equipping and renovation plan in the irrigated wheat production. Therefore, the environmental sustainability of wheat production by the ecological footprint and its production efficiency by data envelopment analysis were measured. The statistical population consisted of wheat farmers from Kheradmand village in the Hamadan province, who have participated in the land equipping and renovation plan and who hadn't participated. The sample size for the participating farmers is 73 and for the non-participating farmers is 74. Data were collected through a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study, using of census method, and were analyzed with SPSS26 and DEAP2.1 software. The average GHG for participant and non-participant farmers in the land reform plan was measured at 778/15 and 1003 kg co2 eq ha-1, respectively. The EF index for these two groups was estimated at 2.39 and 2.44 gha, respectively which there was a significant difference at the 0/01 level. Based on the results of data envelopment analysis, average technical, allocation and economic efficiency were estimated at 0.866, 0.893, and 0.797 respectively, for the equipped and renovated lands, and at 0.863, 0.889, and 0.791 for the not equipped and renovated lands which there was no significant difference between these two types of lands at 0.01 level. According to the results of calculating the carbon emissions indices, the environmental sustainability of the equipped and renovated lands is in better condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - CO-Active Neuro- Fuzzy Inference System Application in Supply Chain Sustainability Assessment Based on Economic, Social, Environmental, and Governance Pillars
Mahsa Alahyari Nazanin Pilevari -
Open Access Article
152 - Designing the Evaluation Model for Sustainable Technology in the Textile Industry
Morteza Ebrahimi Mohsen Rasouliyan Hossein Panahiyan Hassan Ghodrati -
Open Access Article
153 - Influence of Socio-Cultural Factors on the Formation of Architectural Spaces (Case Study: Historical Residential Houses in Iran)
Reza Askarizad -
Open Access Article
154 - New Trends in Critical Regionalism through the Lens of Tzonis and Lefaivre
Elahe Zoghi Hoseini Darab Diba Hamed Kamelnia Mostafa Mokhtabad -
Open Access Article
155 - Analysis of Physical Components of the Entrances of Localities Passages in Yazd with a Climate Sustainability Approach
Reihaneh Mesgaran Kermani seyed majid mofidi shemirani Niloofar Nikghadam -
Open Access Article
156 - Energy Consumption in the Traditional Houses based on the Cold and Dry Climate (Case Study: Mashhad's Traditional Houses)
Javid Ahmadi Seyyed Mehdi Maddahi reza mirzaei -
Open Access Article
157 - Understanding and Presenting Principles of Climatic Design in the Architectural Design of Golbahar City
Maryam Davarzani Hero Farkisch -
Open Access Article
158 - The Analysis of Neighborhoods’ Sustainability with Imperative Factors (Case Study: Regions in Mashhad Metropolitan Area)
Seyed Moslem Seyedalhosseini Mostafa Akbari Motlaq -
Open Access Article
159 - Designing a Green Workshop Model, By Balancing Between Completion Time and Energy Consumption (Case Study: Western Machine-Building Corporation)
Maryam Rahimi alloghareh sayyed mohammad reza davoodiThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the green timing in the production of two workshops by balancing the completion time and energy consumption. The research method is descriptive-analytic and also applicable to the purpose. This research has been designed to eval MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the green timing in the production of two workshops by balancing the completion time and energy consumption. The research method is descriptive-analytic and also applicable to the purpose. This research has been designed to evaluate the performance of solving time-varying multi-machine flow shop problem considering the objective functions of minimizing total finishing time energy consumption, and the total weighted latency and early maturity of the work. Data were gathered through interviews and information from Padideh mashinsazi Gharb company and then implemented in MATLAB software. A total of 30 problems were produced with different dimensions based on commonly used methods and were evaluated by Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) and Multiple Objective Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms (MOPSO). Three criteria for comparing MID, MS, and SNS were used along with the solution time to compare different states of the algorithm. Considering sustainability considerations in the timing of production and construction, in addition to the economic benefits of reducing carbon emissions, it helps the environment. The results of the comparison of the two algorithms using two hierarchical and tops analysis methods showed that the outputs from the comparison of the NSGA-II algorithm with the MOPSO algorithm are better for these problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Investigating the sustainable performance evaluation criteria based on stable balanced scorecard methods with fuzzy MCDM (Case study of detergent Industries)
rahim Dabbagh mohamad soltan mahamdi Saeid Jafarzadeh GhoushchiSenior managers of organizations are always looking for a solution to ensure the selection and implementation of more appropriate strategies, among which the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) is a comprehensive performance control with a set of financial sets. And n MoreSenior managers of organizations are always looking for a solution to ensure the selection and implementation of more appropriate strategies, among which the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (SBSC) is a comprehensive performance control with a set of financial sets. And non-financial, it provides a comprehensive view of performance, such as the environment and social responsibility. The aim is to use a combination of models to identify key influential indicators and performance affectivity to evaluate detergents in stable balanced scorecard scores according to a set of indicators and determine the dependencies between them, by a group of decision-makers. Data analysis and analysis using integrated techniques to determine the degree of preference of functional components over each other, including the new approach of stable balanced scorecard and due to the multifaceted relationship between options and indicators of multi-criteria decision-making methods (DANP) are used. The advantage of this approach is the attention to the relatively complex interdependence of factors affecting performance. For the main dimensions and criteria for evaluating the sustainable performance of the studied industry, it was found that environmental and social factors are the most influential and the factors of internal and economic processes are the most influential, as well as economic criteria (0.239), internal processes (0.21), social (0.188), learning growth (0.183), and environmental (0.178) are important in the strategies of this industry, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Analyzing Dimensions of Supply Chain Sustainability in Cement Companies Based on LARG Supply Chain Competitive Strategies
Mohammad Safari Gholamreza Jamali Belghis BavarsadIdentification the role of LARG supply chain competitive strategies and dimensions of supply chain sustainability toward competition ability, performance and sustainability improvement is one of the most important challenges in Bushehr province cement companies. This st MoreIdentification the role of LARG supply chain competitive strategies and dimensions of supply chain sustainability toward competition ability, performance and sustainability improvement is one of the most important challenges in Bushehr province cement companies. This study aims to analyzing dimensions of dupply chain sustainability in cement companies based on LARG supply chain competitive strategies in Bushehr province. Based on literature review, LARG competitive strategies and dimensions include: Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green and dimensions of supply chain sustainability include: economic, social, and environmental identified and classified. There are a population included 15 experts in Bushehr province cement companies and among them 10 people were selected due to their experience and background. A multi-criteria decision-making technique named SWARA, applied for calculation the weight and importance of each LARG competitive supply chain strategies and supply chain sustainability dimensions. The results showed that Green supply chain strategies as the most important strategy in Bushehr province cement companies supply chain with the weight of 0.41, Lean 0.28, Agile 0.18 and Resilient 0.13 ranked first to fourth respectively. The results also showed in order to gain supply chain sustainability in Bushehr cement industries, the environmental dimension having 0.50 weight, social responsibility dimension 0.30 and economic dimension 0.20 ranked first to third respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Designing a Sustainable Development Model in the Iranian Automotive Industry Using the Fourth Industrial Revolution Approach
salar amini mojtaba ramazani Jafar Beikzad abasgholi sanginorporThe Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming the manufacturing and service industries around the world, especially the leading countries in this field. This phenomenon can simultaneously bring wide opportunities and threats to our country's industries. By formulatin MoreThe Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming the manufacturing and service industries around the world, especially the leading countries in this field. This phenomenon can simultaneously bring wide opportunities and threats to our country's industries. By formulating strategic plans in accordance with the strength and competitive advantages of Iran, while maintaining and promoting the level of competitiveness of the country's industries, this emerging space can be used optimally to optimize industrial development processes. Using the Industrial Revolution 4, this paper presents a model of sustainable development with the approach of in the automotive industry. In this study, we tried to identify and categorize the obstacles to sustainable development as well as the opportunities of the Industrial Revolution 4 in order to create sustainable development by examining the literature and the opinion of experts during the Delphi technique. Then, the interpretive structural modeling approach was used to level and determine the relationships between stability barriers. In the next step, the opportunities of the Industrial Revolution 4 were ranked by the fuzzy (AHP) method. Finally, using the opinion of automotive industry experts, proposals were made to allocate the opportunities of the Industrial Revolution 4 to remove the obstacles to sustainability. The results showed: 1. Political, technical and economic barriers have the greatest impact on sustainability and sustainable development in industry, respectively; 2. Environmental and social dimensions are most affected by political and technical barriers, respectively; 3. Among the opportunities of the Industrial Revolution 4 the information and technological opportunities of the Industrial Revolution 4 have the highest rank and the supply chain management has the lowest rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Proposed a model to evaluate supply chains sustainability efficiency based on trade-offs among sustainability goals using game theory
Mohsen Yaghoubizade Vanini Reza Yousefi Zenouz Amir-Reza Abtahi Kaveh Khalili-DamghaniSupply chain sustainability is necessary for businesses today, so organizations pay attention to social and environmental goals in addition to economic goals. Therefore, to ensure the realization of these goals, measuring the sustainability efficiency of the supply chai MoreSupply chain sustainability is necessary for businesses today, so organizations pay attention to social and environmental goals in addition to economic goals. Therefore, to ensure the realization of these goals, measuring the sustainability efficiency of the supply chain is considered inevitable. The problem of assessing the performance of supply chain sustainability, on the one hand, is affected by the inherent conflicts of interest among sustainability goals, which increase the complexity of the problem, and on the other hand, it should be configured in a way that can simultaneously provide sufficient knowledge of the efficiency of overall supply chain sustainability and sustainability goals. In this study, a combined mathematical model of data envelopment analysis and game theory is presented to evaluate the sustainability efficiency of the supply chain and the efficiency of sustainability goals by considering the trade-offs among sustainability goals. The trade-offs among sustainability goals are formulated using the Nash bargaining game in such a way that the ability to provide simultaneous results is related to the overall efficiency of supply chain sustainability and the efficiency of each sustainability goal. The proposed model was evaluated under a case study for appraising the efficiency of supply chain sustainability of an Iranian pharmaceutical company. The results of the model implementation indicate that the proposed model is firstly capable of simultaneously providing efficiency values of supply chain sustainability and each sustainability goal, and secondly, it provides the necessary and sufficient knowledge in comparison of these values for efficient and inefficient products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - A Hybrid Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making to Evaluate and Select a Viable Supplier (Case Study: Drug)
Zeinab Sazvar Pooneh Hamrahi Seyyed Zakia al-Sadat Mousavi JamGiven the complex conditions of businesses today and the occurrence of events such as the COVID-19 epidemic, organizations are thinking about higher operational speed and agility in the context of digital transformations. With the changes brought about by the fourth ind MoreGiven the complex conditions of businesses today and the occurrence of events such as the COVID-19 epidemic, organizations are thinking about higher operational speed and agility in the context of digital transformations. With the changes brought about by the fourth industrial revolution and digital transformations, organizations and supply chains should move towards using the components of the fourth industrial revolution. In this regard, the main objective of this study is to assess and select pharmaceutical suppliers in hospitals in line with the paradigms of viable supply chains. Considering the paradigms of viable supply chains (Lean-Agility, Resilience, Sustainability, and Digitalization), 21 criteria have been selected for evaluating suppliers. The criteria and sub-criteria have been weighted using the hybrid FDEMATEL-FBWM method, wherein the paradigms of Lean-Agility, Resilience, Digitalization, and Sustainability are of respective importance. Among the sub-criteria for evaluating suppliers, speed, distance, supply capacity, information sharing, financial capability, and crisis management have been chosen as the most important. According to the weights obtained from the mentioned hybrid method, suppliers have been prioritized using the VIKOR method. The findings of this study have been compared with the combined FAHP-TOPSIS method for validation due to the novelty of the solution method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Study of the concepts and themes of the expected expectation in the poems of Sustainable Poets; Alireza Qazhvah, Mohammad Javad Mohabat, Qaisar Aminpour
nahid hemati reza fahimi mohammad taqhi qhandiSustainability is a widespread concept that can be considered one of the sources of Persian literature. There are many contemporary poets and writers in this field. Among them, Qaisar Aminpour, Alireza Qazhvah and Mohammad Javad Mohabat are among the poets who have grea MoreSustainability is a widespread concept that can be considered one of the sources of Persian literature. There are many contemporary poets and writers in this field. Among them, Qaisar Aminpour, Alireza Qazhvah and Mohammad Javad Mohabat are among the poets who have great ideas about sustainability and its components In the present study, while defining the literature of persistence and its components and indicators, and explaining the expected and promised issues and hoping for the future as one of the components and introducing the characters, and extracting and presenting the witnesses, examples of the poems of the above poets have been addressed, and in Concluding the conclusion that the close relationship between the religious, religious beliefs and expectations of these poets in their poems was quite tangible and these components were not affected by the victory of the warriors during the eight years of the sacred defense and even the hope of the future of the poets. Keyword: Sustainability Literature, Qaisar Aminpour, Alireza Qazhvah, Mohammad Javad Mohabat, Expectation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Themes and concepts of protest in the poetry of resistance poets (with an emphasis on the poems of Qazvah)
nahid hematiThe literature of sustainability is a collection of literary works whose main foundation is the resistance of the people of a country in the way of protecting the homeland and persistence against oppression and the critical and protest literature is a cry from the heart MoreThe literature of sustainability is a collection of literary works whose main foundation is the resistance of the people of a country in the way of protecting the homeland and persistence against oppression and the critical and protest literature is a cry from the heart of committed poets who criticize the shortcomings and anomalies and injustices in the society With the cry of freedom and perseverance, they bring down the whip of words on the oppressors and their goal is to create a spirit of stability in the people, and they put literary words in the service of human excellence, anti-tyranny, seeking justice and the stability of the Iranian nation in the eight years of holy defense was able to open new horizons in various fields, including poetry and literature and the poets of stable literature with a sense of religion and commitment to the people; They created the opportunity to create valuable critical works for themselves With various topics and concepts such as Ashura and mystical themes, description of freedom, martyrdom, patriotism, and most importantly protest themes (objection to luxury and worldliness, wave of protest arose in the poetry of poets of the resistance, especially Qazveh In this article, the protest and critical poems of these poets are investigated in an analytical and descriptive way which has resulted in Qazvah being the leader in this field with the aim of correcting anomalies and injustices and trying to explain and educate the people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - mention of the personalities of the Islamic Revolution and the Sacred Defense in the collection " Sorod Sepideh" by Hamid Sabzevari
mayam haddad Rostam Amani Hamid Reza FarzaiThe Islamic Revolution and the sacred defense were carried out with the help of a man whose name is eternal in Iranian history. Poetry is one of the cultural contexts of the immortality of these characters. Ever since the murmurings of the revolution were heard in the s MoreThe Islamic Revolution and the sacred defense were carried out with the help of a man whose name is eternal in Iranian history. Poetry is one of the cultural contexts of the immortality of these characters. Ever since the murmurings of the revolution were heard in the society, all-poets, along with the people, have dedicated their poetry to the recounting of the events of the revolution and its subsequent sacred defense, and explaining the characterization of enduring personalities has become one of the main themes of these poems. One of the most prominent poets of this period is Hamid Sabzevari, who was given the title of "Father of Poetry of the Islamic Revolution" for recounting the events of the Islamic Revolution and the sacred defense.In a section of “Dawn song”, he has introduced and described revolutionary personalities and sacred defense. In this study, these characters, and the approach the poet has in describing them have been introduced. Three groups of: the figures of the revolution, warriors and martyrs of the sacred defense have always been praised and in contrast, enemies and hypocrites have been rebuked; he has written poetry directly about characters such as Imam Khomeini (Supreme Leader), Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Motahhari, Taleghani, Montazeri, Beheshti, Rajai and Bahonar, Hossein Ayat, Mustafa Chamran, and refer to them in poems from Among them.His attention is paid very highly to the personality of Imam Khomeini Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Makran regional development policy with a future research approach
abolfazl Shahali rahim sarvarAmong the criteria of regional planning to determine inequalities is determining the status of regions according to development indicators. In the literature and development policy, it is generally believed that the growth of GDP and high per capita income is the main a MoreAmong the criteria of regional planning to determine inequalities is determining the status of regions according to development indicators. In the literature and development policy, it is generally believed that the growth of GDP and high per capita income is the main axis of development.. The purpose of this research is the regional development policy of Makran, the current research has been done using the descriptive-analytical method and based on future research methods with a combination of documentary and survey methods. In this research, after studying the upstream documents, two-stage Delphi method was used to identify the key variables affecting the sustainable development of Makran region, and the analyzed data includes 36 variables in the form of 8 areas as primary variables affecting sustainable development. The findings show that the ideal institutional model for the development of Makran will be to go through sectoral approaches and move gradually in the direction of institutional capacity building. Non-institutional models based on the theory of neo-regionalism play high capacities for the institutional capacity building of Makran. As a result, in regional governance, Makran Development Organization should play the role of leadership and policy-making in the credit of the political support of the central government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Identifying Factors Affecting Strategic Agility based on the Sustainability of Sports Businesses in the Conditions of the Corona Pandemic
Reza Moghadam Farshad Emami Mohammad Sanaei Saeid AmirnejadThe present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective factors of strategic agility based on business sustainability in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic for sports businesses. This research is an exploratory study in terms of its objective, in MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective factors of strategic agility based on business sustainability in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic for sports businesses. This research is an exploratory study in terms of its objective, in which after reviewing the theoretical literature, a qualitative study was conducted using a systematic theoretical framework. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect information, and data analysis was performed using the Strauss and Corbin method and the paradigm model. The statistical population of the study included individuals with management experience at various levels of the country's sports, economists familiar with sports issues, sports management professors at universities, doctoral students in marketing and sports management, and experts and stakeholders in the sports economy. Fifteen people were selected for interviews using non-probability sampling and targeted theoretical and snowball sampling techniques. Open, axial, and selective coding were used for data analysis. The findings showed 142 primary conceptual propositions with 10 concepts and 6 dimensions of the paradigm model, including causal conditions (2 concepts), the main phenomenon (factors affecting strategic agility), strategy (3 concepts), contextual features (2 concepts), intervention conditions (3 concepts), and outcome (2 concepts). As a result, developing solutions based on these factors can help strengthen the stability and more successful performance of these businesses in the conditions of the Corona pandemic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Studying Effects of Consumed Fertilizer on Sustainable Rural Development by using AHP Method
azita zand Masoumeh Arfaee Kobra Eslami -
Open Access Article
171 - The Impacts of Livelihood Capitals on Improving the Sustainable Livelihood in Rural Communities with a Rural Cooperative Approach
Alborz Mohammadi Maryam Omidi Najafabadi Alireza Poursaeed -
Open Access Article
172 - Studying the fundamentals and concepts of sustainability of small and medium-sized businesses based on financial indicators
Shohreh Alfi Mohammad Taleghani Mohammad Reza Vatanparast Mehdi Homayoonfar -
Open Access Article
173 - Ranking the Level of Social Sustainability of Yazd Neighborhoods Using Fuzzy TOPSIS
Fateme Raghebian Hanzaiea Mohammad Hosein Saraei Seyed Ali AlmodaresicConsidering urban sprawl of Yazd, the aim of the current applied- developmental study is to measure social sustainability of Yazd neighborhoods by descriptive analytical method using fuzzy TOPSIS and correlation coefficient. The software utilized was SPSS, GIS and EXCEL MoreConsidering urban sprawl of Yazd, the aim of the current applied- developmental study is to measure social sustainability of Yazd neighborhoods by descriptive analytical method using fuzzy TOPSIS and correlation coefficient. The software utilized was SPSS, GIS and EXCELL. Because of the data sprawl, the research indicators were collected by a questionnaire using the detailed plan of 2016, the statistics center and field collection. Based on the theoretical foundations of the research, 4 main indicators were studied: population change, participation, security and quality of life. The statistical population consisted citizens of Yazd who were over 15 years old. According to the Cochran's formula, the sample size was 400 people; and sampling was done by simple random sampling method in proportion to the population of the neighborhoods by stratified random sampling in the neighborhoods. Overall Cronbach’s alpha of the questionnaire was 0.893. The results showed a high correlation between quality of life index and social sustainability. Quality of life, security, participation indicators with correlation coefficients of 0.948, 0.721 and 0.673, respectively, were the most effective; and they had a significant relationship with social sustainability. Migration index was -0.217, therefore it had no significant relationship with social sustainability of Yazd neighborhoods. Among the neighborhoods, Safayyeh, Imam Shahr and Kooy-e Taleghani were the most sustainable and Eish Abad, Kheir Abad and Airport were the most unsustainable neighborhoods in terms of the social dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - A Comparative Study of the Components of Sustainability Literature in the Poems of Tahereh Saffarzadeh and Mostafa Wahabi al-Tal
Tahereh Sadat Tahereh Sadat Seyyedhosseini Nahedeh Fawzi Simin ValaviSustainability literature is one of the important branches of literature with emphasis on concepts such as standing, resistance, patriotism, negation of tyranny and arrogance, which are mainly written due to conditions such as war, military occupation, suffocation, tyra MoreSustainability literature is one of the important branches of literature with emphasis on concepts such as standing, resistance, patriotism, negation of tyranny and arrogance, which are mainly written due to conditions such as war, military occupation, suffocation, tyranny and repression, and things like common pains, standing for freedom, praising the dead and drawing a bright future are its common axes. An important issue is the application of the components of sustainability literature in the literature of different societies. In other words, most of the poets and writers who have experienced events such as war, military occupation, repression, etc. by foreign forces and even internal despotic elements, have used various components in their poetry and prose works. This article is a research on the comparative analysis of the components of sustainable literature in the poetry of Iranian poet Tahereh Saffarzadeh and Jordanian poet and writer Mostafa Wahabi Al-Tal. The hypothesis of the article tells about the fact that the three components of striving for the freedom of the homeland, call to fight and persistence and anti-arrogance are the common components of the sustainability literature of these two poets. The findings of the article using the comparative method showed that both authors have used religious myths to explain the component of patriotism. Regarding the element of invitation to fight, both poets have used three approaches. First; creating hope and unity among the fighters, second; drawing a bright and third future; honoring the martyrs of resistance and standing. Finally, regarding the anti-arrogance component, both poets first compare the occupiers to vicious and predatory animals, and then call the fighters to a revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Assessing Sustainable Agriculture Development Status in South Khorasan, Iran using the relative advantage method and GIS
Ali Rezaie Fargadabad kamran MojardAssessing Sustainable Agriculture Development Status in South Khorasan, Iran using the relative advantage method and GIS Zoning of agriculture sustainability can be illustrated the status of sustainability in different regions and also provided the comparison capabilit MoreAssessing Sustainable Agriculture Development Status in South Khorasan, Iran using the relative advantage method and GIS Zoning of agriculture sustainability can be illustrated the status of sustainability in different regions and also provided the comparison capability and identification of advantage and disadvantage properties. Various variables are involved in determining sustainable agricultural development. A separate comparison of each variable changes the order of each city in the table. Therefore, in this study, using census statistics from 1380 to 1393, population censuses and housing in this period for the studied areas (South Khorasan, Iran), 60 Indicators, were divided into five major groups of agriculture resources, agriculture development, environment, rural societies, and education. The studied variables were presented and analyzed using a relative advantage and combined method insignificant factors. In the end, by using the GIS, the level of the province's cities was shown for sustainable development of the spatial analysis and the status of each of these provinces was determined in terms of sustainable agricultural development. Finally, it was shown in 6 classes (high stability, moderate stability, poor stability, poor instability, moderate instability, and high instability). In general, it can be stated that the city of Qaenat is more stable in agriculture than any other agricultural land and Ferdows is in the worst case. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Explaining the Role of Green Human Resource Management on the Sustainable Performance of Governmental Organizations
Shahram Eshghi, Norouz Eyzadpanah Mousa Rezani ChamanzaminAbstract Environmental sustainability in organizations depends on the extent of the performance of the employees of that organization and creating such a function in employees is highly dependent on creating an environmentally friendly attitude in managers. Therefore, a MoreAbstract Environmental sustainability in organizations depends on the extent of the performance of the employees of that organization and creating such a function in employees is highly dependent on creating an environmentally friendly attitude in managers. Therefore, a comprehensive study of green resource management and providing a management model appropriate to government organizations' policy transition is needed. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the most effective component of green human resource management on organizational sustainability performance. To determine the most effective components of green human resource management, more than 388 electronic questionnaires were distributed. In addition to a descriptive study of components and component options, a multivariate statistical analysis of principal components analysis was used to identify the most effective options. The results of the study showed that green human resource management has a positive effect on individual, organizational and extra-organizational consequences, and the challenges and limitations of applying the proposed model were also examined. The proposed method can be effective in achieving sustainable human resource development for managers and operational staff.Key words: Organizational Sustainability, Green Management, Green Human Resource Management and Principal Component Analysis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Landscape information modeling with the approach of controlling urban metabolism
bita haddadian mahdi haghighatbin -
Open Access Article
178 - Social Sustainability Components & Improving the Physical Quality of Contemporary Residential Complexes
Hamed Moztarzadeh Hadi Nikounam Nezami -
Open Access Article
179 - Can Urban Design Play a Role in Urban Sustainability? International developments / local challenges
Hossein Bahrainy -
Open Access Article
180 - Application of Wind Energy in Urban Regional Planning Toward Ecological Sustainability(Case Study: Hashtgerd)
Mehrdad Mazloomi Azin Farzam -
Open Access Article
181 - Investigating the Relationship Between Density and Social sustainability in Informal Settlements, Case Study: Khezr District of Hamadan
Maryam Ghahremani -
Open Access Article
182 - Study of Utilizing the Ecological Contents in Curriculum of Architecture
Hossein Medi -
Open Access Article
183 - Social Sustainability Measures for Rural Areas in Iran
Shahram Maleki Vahid Bigdeli Rad -
Open Access Article
184 - Performance evaluation of biodegradable films in food packaging
zohreh Ghazi tabatabaei Mahsa Akbarinejad Vaighan leila mohammadpoorPetroleum-based plastics or composite have created serious problems for the environment, and for this reason, researchers sought to produce alternative sustainable structures. Edible and degradable films were examples of materials that were produced and used for this pu MorePetroleum-based plastics or composite have created serious problems for the environment, and for this reason, researchers sought to produce alternative sustainable structures. Edible and degradable films were examples of materials that were produced and used for this purpose. Edible films are thin layers of edible material that can be placed on or between foods, but an edible coating is mainly placed on food products. Many studies have been conducted in this field for several years, but there is no comprehensive review in this field. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the performance of biodegradable films in food packaging. Various studies have used different materials such as starch, gelatin, chitosan, alginate, cellulose and etc. to produce biofilms, which, in addition to advantages such as biodegradability, have disadvantages such as weak mechanical and barrier properties. In this study, the effectiveness of biodegradable films in food packaging is investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The fate of pesticides in the environment and its biological purification
Ahmad Asl hashemi safari Gholamhossein Leila Tarverdizad sahra SakhaiefarPesticides are substances in liquid, solid or gas form that are used to destroy pests. Some of these pests that are not liked by humans are insects, weeds and microbes that destroy plants. The negative effect of pesticides on the environment has been fully proven, and t MorePesticides are substances in liquid, solid or gas form that are used to destroy pests. Some of these pests that are not liked by humans are insects, weeds and microbes that destroy plants. The negative effect of pesticides on the environment has been fully proven, and the resistance of pesticides in the environment and their non-degradation have endangered the lives of many living organisms.Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical substances that remain in the environment for a relatively long time and upon entering the food chain, accumulate in living tissues and have adverse effects on human health and the environment. In general, these compounds are produced by human activities in different ways.The most famous persistent organic pollutants include chlorine, aldrin, crodan, dedet, dieldrin, dioxin, andrin, norans, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, Mirex, toxaphene, polychloride, biphenyls pesticides.So that by optimal and standard use and reducing the use of such chemical poisons (use of biological control methods) we can reduce the harmful effects on the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Effects of pesticides in the environment and its biodegradation
Ahmad Asl hashemi Leila Tarwardizadeh Sahra SakhaifarPesticides are widely used to prevent unwanted attacks of pests on plants and agricultural fields. The uniqueness of their chemical structure or their interaction with the environment determines the nature of pesticides. In most cases, farmers and consumers of these pro MorePesticides are widely used to prevent unwanted attacks of pests on plants and agricultural fields. The uniqueness of their chemical structure or their interaction with the environment determines the nature of pesticides. In most cases, farmers and consumers of these products, although they know their serious effects, still cannot limit their consumption. Pesticides have harmful effects on soil and human ecosystems that affect molecules, tissues and biological organs and cause acute or chronic disorders. These disorders affect people of all ages, including during pregnancy. These pollutants affect aquatic systems when released. Water molecules in the river are affected by the accumulation of these toxic pollutants with alkaline pH and heavy metals, which can negatively affect the health of plants and animals. This article discusses the scientific literature on the various modification technologies available for safer pesticide use. The use of microorganisms and biological methods for the decomposition of chemical substances in the soil is monitored. However, the effectiveness of this method in the future to save the environment is debatable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Prediction of Digital Governance in the Direction of Urban Smartness with Sustainability Approach (Case Study: Tehran)
Bahram Parvin Ali Shayan Alireza Poorebrahimi Reza Radfar -
Open Access Article
188 - Developing a Tool for Assessing Sustainable Human Resource Management in Iranian Public Administration
AliReza Jalali Farahani Morteza Mousakhani Seyed Mahdi Alvani Abolfazl KazemiThe purpose of this research is to identify and rank sustainable HRM indicators for developing a tool for assessing the sustainability of HRM in Iran's administrative system. Research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of collecting data, descriptive-survey. S MoreThe purpose of this research is to identify and rank sustainable HRM indicators for developing a tool for assessing the sustainability of HRM in Iran's administrative system. Research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of collecting data, descriptive-survey. Statistical population includes experts and specialists in the field of organizational behavior management and HR with managerial background in governmental organizations located in Tehran or with a degree in management of 25 people who were selected through a judiciary (targeted) and snowball method. In the first step, by examining and evaluating the theoretical foundations, 31 factors were identified as indicators of sustainable HRM. Next step, questionnaire was used to collect experts' opinions for implementation in the Fuzzy Delphi technique, with 7indicators lower than the average and were eliminated for the priority determination stage. Subsequently, using a pairwise matrix and in the form of verbal phrases, a checklist questionnaire was developed to determine the weight of the skills and distributed among the experts. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using expert opinions. Then, based on the weights obtained by fuzzy AHP method, using the ARAS technique, prioritized the HRM indicators. Based on the results, 5indicators have been taken into account: employees' expectations, the move toward the development of teleworking business, Alignment of human resources policies, policies and infrastructure with the goals of strategic organization sustainability, Localization of HR Recruitment, and expanding the culture and development of environmentally friendly behaviors among employees. The order of the highest priority was achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Designing an Organizational Resilience Model in Government-owned banks
Davood Abolhasani Sirous Tadbiri Maryam MadjidiGovernmental organizations now recognize the importance of organizational flexibility in a crisis. This study aimed to develop an organizational resilience model in state-owned banks, with particular emphasis on the Iran Melli Bank, using an interpretive paradigm and a MoreGovernmental organizations now recognize the importance of organizational flexibility in a crisis. This study aimed to develop an organizational resilience model in state-owned banks, with particular emphasis on the Iran Melli Bank, using an interpretive paradigm and a grounded theory approach. Nineteen experts were interviewed in a targeted manner until theoretical saturation was reached. The data were analyzed via open, axial, and selective coding. Melli Bank's organizational resilience paradigm model includes 128 open codes consisting of the core phenomenon seven codes, causal conditions 54 codes, contextual conditions 27 codes, intervening conditions ten codes, strategies 13 codes, and consequences 17 codes. The core phenomenon was Bank Melli's resilience, including two subcategories: customer-centric performance and positive trait. It was influenced by the causal conditions involving human resources characteristics, financial capability, inter-organizational social capital, technical knowledge capabilities, environmental knowledge, knowledge management, organizational capabilities, inter-organizational capabilities, and contextual conditions such as macro forces, banking factors, and industry factors. The development of resilience was possible through behavioral, economic-financial, and technical mechanisms influenced by the bank manager's intervening conditions and the employees' characteristics. The resilience also had the consequences of good performance with quick response, saving the bank's life, and impacting the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Measurement impact 360 Degree Feedback on perceived Organizational Justice and Firm Sustainability
Hossain Khanifar Ardeshir Shiri Hatam Kahlilipour Mosadegh KhalilipourEcological trends concerning the natural environment, depletion of natural resources, and are now a major government and industry foci worldwide. On the other hand, Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource activities in any organization and perc MoreEcological trends concerning the natural environment, depletion of natural resources, and are now a major government and industry foci worldwide. On the other hand, Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource activities in any organization and perceived organizational justice of employees is one of the important factors that have shown the importance of evaluation more than ever. The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of 360-degree evaluation on perceived organizational justice and Business sustainability. Regarding the data collection the research is descriptive correlational one and from the objective of the research it is an applied research. A questionnaire was used to collect data and its reliability was used by the experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to verify the reliability. The statistical population of this research is staff and experts Ahwaz Folad Company, the sample of 310 people was selected as a statistical sample by simple random sampling method. After determining the normality of the data by Coefficient of skewness and kurtosis, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model were used to investigate the research hypotheses. The results showed that 360-degree Feedback has a positive and significant effect on organizational justice (procedural, distributive and Interactional), and procedural and Interactional justice has a positive and significant effect on Business sustainability but the effect of distributive justice on Business sustainability not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Diversifying finance research: From financialization to sustainability
Jamal Tavousi Abdoali Keshtegar Aminreza KamalianThis paper seeks to overcome the apparent contradictions between global demand for sustainability and the structure of conventional financial discourse by putting forth a strategy for diversifying academic finance. It comprises four sections. We first situate academic f MoreThis paper seeks to overcome the apparent contradictions between global demand for sustainability and the structure of conventional financial discourse by putting forth a strategy for diversifying academic finance. It comprises four sections. We first situate academic finance within the broader spectrum of social sciences and highlight its ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions. Second, we show that these assumptions, taken for granted within the field of finance, are the object of much debate within other fields – as is demonstrated by controversy regarding logical positivism, social ontology and performativity –which brings out the limitations of paradigmatic unity in finance. Third, we characterize diversification in finance with reference to the nested epistemological structure of scientific discourse. We argue that diversification is a process by which (i) finance research is extended to other existing paradigms in social sciences; (ii) new research metaphors are developed within the current paradigm; and (iii) puzzle-solving robustness is achieved. Fourth, I develop a research agenda for the diversification of academic finance. This agenda is broken down into themes, paradigmatic hypotheses, and research questions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Measuring the performances of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories based on interval efficiencies
Ehsan Vaezi -
Open Access Article
193 - Continuous improvement strategy in traditional shipyard industry: a holistic approach towards sustainability
Fitriadi Fitriadi Ahmad Faisal Mohamad Ayob -
Open Access Article
194 - An Integrated Approach of Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment and Fuzzy Multi-Objective Programming Tosustainable Supplier Selection and Order Allocation
Amir Hossein Azadnia Pezhman Ghadimi -
Open Access Article
195 - The Analysis and Assessment of Executive Methods of Soil Improvement, Based on Sustainability Indexes
Behnam Radpour naser Shamskia Somaye Daee Mihammad ali Nekoee -
Open Access Article
196 - Explaining the Ecosophical approach in Promoting the Sustainability of the Local heritage of Eco-Museums (a Case Study of the Guilan Rural Heritage Museum)
nazanin islamiWith the excessive consumption of energy and its risks, which has become a global concern, paying attention to indigenous technologies becomes more important day by day. In the process of globalization, local cultural diversities have been threatened, and among these, t MoreWith the excessive consumption of energy and its risks, which has become a global concern, paying attention to indigenous technologies becomes more important day by day. In the process of globalization, local cultural diversities have been threatened, and among these, the concern of weakening the roots of diverse identity and especially the cultural differences belonging to rural populations has always been raised as the main challenge of international discussions in recent years. The set of these developments has been the focus of a new look at modern concepts in the field of the concept of heritage as well as museology knowledge. According to what was noticed about the evolutionary process of Eco-museums, this cultural, social and environmental phenomenon can be described as a symbolic evolution in the age of globalization. A phenomenon that initially arose due to economic reasons and then gained strength with government investment and was gradually mixed with popular participation. Further, its protection goals were emphasized and various elements were added to it. Gradually, the communication between sciences found a more prominent role in the management of Eco-museums, and educational goals were also seen in it, which is a sign of the professionalization of the concept of Eco-museums in the thinking of the 20th century. The present study was developed with the aim of explaining the role of the Ecosophical approach in promoting the sustainability of the local heritage of Eco-museums in order to answer these questions: What role does the Ecosophical approach play in promoting the sustainability of the local heritage of Eco-museums? How can eco-museums, considering this approach, while developing some of their environmental capabilities, play a significant role in the field of knowledge and understanding of the traditional space of subcultures? The framework of the research is based on the analysis of the famous French thinker Felix Guattari's point of view in the comparative study of the ecosophy concept in the relationship between the body, environment and human needs as three influencing factors on the quality of body design and based on that, the initial research model is designed. It has been laid out. Then, according to the theoretical foundations of the approaches related to the concept of eco-museum, another model is presented in relation to the interaction of the concept of eco-museum with the approaches of social-cultural Contextualism / social sustainability and architecture inspired by nature, and finally the main model of the research is based on the relationship between the two The first model was formed and their common components were extracted. This research was conducted in a comparative manner and with a qualitative approach with the help of documentary studies, in which the historical-interpretive research method was used in the part of gathering theoretical-historical foundations and the descriptive-analytical research method was used in the context of examining the sample under study (Rural Heritage Museum of Guilan). The statistical population includes all Eco-museums, and the sample population includes those eco-museums that have stylistic affinities in terms of physical and functional similarities. Finally, the analytical model of the research is designed based on the adaptation of Felix Guattari's point of view (about Ecosophy) and the approaches of Contextualism, social sustainability and ecosystem architecture. The results of the research show that there are significant similarities in the comparative comparison of each of the components of Ecosophy in the three levels of mental ecology, social ecology and natural ecology with the approaches examined (including social sustainability, Socio-cultural Contextualism and ecosystem architecture) and these similarities in Eco-museums and Especially the rural heritage museum of Guilan has been manifested in the form of objective, functional and physical similarities. Using new approaches of social sustainability and cultural Contextualism, eco-museums present a new meaning of the words heritage, protection and education to their visitors and subculture. Eco-museums can be considered as a special geographical area where cultural heritage is protected and through people's participation, they try to create a coherent network to introduce the knowledge of the past to the current and future generations. From this point of view, eco-museums are considered as spaces completely dependent on nature, which have rediscovered their form in the course of social developments. Places with real identity that are considered local, national and global capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Relationship Between Ecological Awareness and Paddy -Field Knowledge of Women in Bandar- E Anzali With Sustainable Agriculture Critea
H. Chaharsougi-Amin S.M. MirdamadiThe purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between ecological awareness and rice-field knowledge of paddy field women in Bandar- E Anzali and sustainable agriculture criteria observation extent. The research method used descriptive-analytic that is perfor MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between ecological awareness and rice-field knowledge of paddy field women in Bandar- E Anzali and sustainable agriculture criteria observation extent. The research method used descriptive-analytic that is performed relative – causal method. The population included paddy field women, over 25 years old in two region. In this research, 275 women were selected with systematic sampling method. Instruments reliability was estimated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient by SPSS/win. The descriptive findings showed that the research's paddy field women have good knowledge regarding ecological awareness and rice-field. Also, they are observing sustainability criteria in farming approximately. The analytic finding showed that there exists significant difference (%1) between the mean of observing sustainability criteria in farming, level of education, kind of ownership to field-rice and kind of used seed. Also, there exists positive significant correlation (p=%99) between age, past record paddy field, the measure of social participation, paddy field annual income, ecological awareness and paddy field knowledge and observing sustainability criteria in agriculture. But there exists negative significant correlation (p=%99) between the measure of paddy field participation and number of member household and observing sustainability criteria in farming. The measure of rice production and paddy field annual income as independent variable have maximum role and rate in analyzing of dependent variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - The study of Auto spare parts specialists’ points of view to the role of social capabilities with organizational culture approach by using confirmatory factor analysis and path model
Nasser Fegh-hi FarahmandCulture formation depends on the reasons for the creation of organization and its place in society and its success factors such as efficiency, quality of providing services, innovation, hard work and loyalty to the organization. When an organizations born, it takes a lo MoreCulture formation depends on the reasons for the creation of organization and its place in society and its success factors such as efficiency, quality of providing services, innovation, hard work and loyalty to the organization. When an organizations born, it takes a lot of effort from the staff to the success of the organization. Given the role of organizational culture in enhancing the quality of health care, considering its effective variables is of extraordinary importance. In the meantime, social capabilities isone of the variables that influence on organizational culture and facilitates the certain acts of individuals within the structure; accordingly, the purpose of this article is to study the role of social capabilities in organizational culture from the auto spare parts specialists perspectives. This research is practical according to its purpose, but according to the research methodology is descriptive –correlative type. The statistical sample of the research includes 425 auto spare parts specialists' working in different sectors in industries of tabriz city. In this article, a research form used to gather the theoretical basics and research literature; In addition, to gather data two questionnaires were used which distributed among statistical sample of the investigation, after examining the reliability and stability. In order to analyze the data, the Pearson's correlation coefficient tests and structural equations also used. The finding suggests that, social capabilities with a standardized coefficient of 0.79 and 12.58 t-value affect organizational culture. Social capabilities affect the sustainability culture by a factor of 0.603, on the responsibility culture by a factor of 0.529. On collaborative culture by a factor of 0.802 and on the adaptation culture by a factor of 0.581.Accordingly, it has proposed that managers can strengthen the social capabilities by giving more authority to auto spare parts specialists, establishing different work teams, and creating more sense of confidence to the staff and colleagues. As a result, the organizational culture consolidated and the benefits of a strong culture be used. Results obtained for this research have some limitations, including use of questionnaires and due to those in the diagnosis of the actual/available situation, it recommended that in future researches, other tools shouldusedto collect data in addition to using questionnaires. Another limitation of this study is in its statistical sample; Statistical sample of the present study consists of only425auto spare parts specialists, which seems low with regard to the number of employees in this job. Therefore, more cautious should take in generalizing the results of the study to the general society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - The examination ofManagers View to the Role of Social Capital with Organizational Culture Approach Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Path Model
Nasser Fegh-hi FarahmandIn this article, a research form used to gather the theoretical basics and research literature; In addition, to gather data for testing the research hypotheses, two questionnaires were used which distributed among statistical sample of the investigation after examining MoreIn this article, a research form used to gather the theoretical basics and research literature; In addition, to gather data for testing the research hypotheses, two questionnaires were used which distributed among statistical sample of the investigation after examining the reliability and stability. In order to analyze the data, the Pearson's correlation coefficient test and structural equations also used. The findingssuggests that, social capital with a standardized coefficient of 0.76and12.54 t-value impacts on organizational culture. As well, social capital influences the sustainability culture by a factor of 0.602, on the responsibility culture by a factor of 0.481, and on collaborative culture by a factor of 0.804 and on the adaptation culture by a factor of 0.581. Accordingly, it proposed that managers can strengthen the social capital by giving more authority to middle managers, establishing different work teams, and creating more sense of confidence to the staff and colleagues and as a result, the organizational culture consolidated and the benefits of a strong culture will used.Results obtained for this research have some limitations, including use of questionnaires and due to those in the diagnosis of the actual/available situation, it recommended that in future researches, other tools should usedto collect data in addition to using questionnaires. Another limitation of this study is in its statistical sample; Statistical sample of the present study consists of only276middle managers, which seems low with regard to the number of employees in this job; therefore, more cautious should taken I generalizing the results of the study to the general society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Designing a Framework for Evaluating Circular Business Models in the Steel Industry by Meta-Synthesis Method
Mahsa Varasteh Hasanali Aghajani Mohammad Valipourkhatir Majid AghaeiToday, moving away from the linear economy towards a circular economy has been considered by many countries and advanced companies in the world. Circular business models are among the tools that are very effective in implementing the principles of circular economics. In MoreToday, moving away from the linear economy towards a circular economy has been considered by many countries and advanced companies in the world. Circular business models are among the tools that are very effective in implementing the principles of circular economics. In this study, a framework for evaluating circular business models is provided and a model for the Iranian steel industry is presented. To this end, based on Systematic Literature Review and meta-synthesis method, which is a type of meta-study methods, 562 English articles were collected and reviewed using Critical Appraisal Skills Program, and finally 28 articles were selected. The research findings showed that the evaluation framework of circular business models in the steel industry is based on reduce, reuse, regenerate, recycling and maintenance strategies. Also, in line with the mentioned strategies, the circular economy actions were localized using the fuzzy Delphi method. At the end of the research, it is recommended that managers, officials and those involved in the steel industry need to pay more attention to these strategies and actions within a circular business model for more profitability and for adhering to the principles of sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - The Impact of LARG Competitive Strategies on Supply Chain Sustainability: The Case of Boushehr Cement Industries
Mohammad Safari Gholamreza Jamali Belghis BavarsadA formidable challenge facing cement industries in Boushehr Province is the management of supply chain sustainability in a way to promote its overall performance and productivity. The present study aimed to scrutinize the impact of LARG competitive strategies on t MoreA formidable challenge facing cement industries in Boushehr Province is the management of supply chain sustainability in a way to promote its overall performance and productivity. The present study aimed to scrutinize the impact of LARG competitive strategies on this supply chain sustainability and prioritize them. Initially, the conceptual model of the study was developed through an extensive literature review and identification of prerequisite LARG competitive strategies including tolerance, purity, agility and greenness alongside economic, social and environmental responsibility dimensions of sustainability. The research population comprised 220 employees and managers at Boushehr cement industries out of whom a sample of 140 was randomly recruited based on Cochran formula. The research data were collected using two questionnaires and were analyzed via Factor Analysis. The findings verified the significant and positive impact of all LARG competitive strategies on supply chain sustainability of the cement industries in Bushehr. The findings accentuate the fact that managers in Boushehr cement industries should take into account appropriate risk management strategies to thrive under competitive conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - A System Dynamics Approach to Assessing Sustainability Performance of LARG Supply Chain Management Practices in Auto Parts Industry
Mehdi Toloie Eshlaghy Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Seyed Mohammad Seyed HosseiniGrowing global pressures for higher industrial sustainability has persuaded organizations to implement new managerial techniques at all organizational levels to achieve supply chain sustainability. However, such novel management practices should be measured in terms of MoreGrowing global pressures for higher industrial sustainability has persuaded organizations to implement new managerial techniques at all organizational levels to achieve supply chain sustainability. However, such novel management practices should be measured in terms of the extent to which they may promote sustainability performance. The purpose of this study was, thus, to examine the dynamic behavior of LARG supply chain management practices and their impact on sustainability in the auto parts supply chain. Expert views were utilized in the present study to prioritize the LARG practices to achieve sustainability through fuzzy DEMATEL and the fuzzy analysis network process to present an integrated approach to LARG practices. Finally, the system dynamic approach was employed to assess the sustainability performance of LARG supply chain management practices. The finding indicated theAuto parts Supply Chain, Fuzzy Analytic Network Process, Fuzzy DEMATEL, System Dynamics, Sustainability significant role of improvement scenarios in the implementation of comprehensive quality management and punctual production, and thereby, in supply chain sustainability. The proposed model can assist industrial managers and decision makers to identify and adopt effective practices on sustainability in LARG supply chain management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Designing a Model of Human Resource Sustainability in Family Businesses
Yousef Mohammadkarimi Mohammad Doostar Mohsen Akbari Reza EsmaeilpourThe main purpose of this study was to design a model of human resource sustainability for family business. The study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach using the six-step content analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006). The statistical popula MoreThe main purpose of this study was to design a model of human resource sustainability for family business. The study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach using the six-step content analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006). The statistical population of the study included the managers and founders of family businesses dating back more than 30 years in the provinces of Kermanshah, Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan in 1400. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 managers and founders of this type of business, who were recruited using snowball sampling method with the aim of achieving theoretical data saturation. The model of human resource sustainability in family businesses was presented in the form of 1 comprehensive theme, 5 organizing themes and 23 basic themes. In order to determine the validity of the research, two methods of reviewing the participants and reviewing the non-participating experts (faculty members) were used. The findings showed that the organizational themes (strategic functions) related to the model of human resource sustainability for family businesses including maintaining family integrity, sustainable education based on family upbringing principles, family organizational culture, payment system and reward based on need family needs and work-life balance systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Planning and Providing a Pattern for Assessing the Effect of Social Capital on Sustainable Development Dimensions
Seyyed Reza Salehi Amiri Mohsen Ghadami Yousef BeygzadehThis research has been conducted in order to provide a pattern for assessing the effect of social capital on the sustainable development dimension. The research orientation of this study is basic and the researchers used induction approach. The objectives of its methodo MoreThis research has been conducted in order to provide a pattern for assessing the effect of social capital on the sustainable development dimension. The research orientation of this study is basic and the researchers used induction approach. The objectives of its methodology are exploration of a discipline (first step) and explanation of it (second step). Its data was gathered by a questionnaire and its plan was causal strategy. The statistical population of this study included the academic staff of Islamic Azad University (Region 13). From among them, the researchers selected 219 persons as research sample by cluster sampling method. The results of casual analysis showed that social capital has maximum effect on the economical dimension of sustainable development, it has medium effect on the social dimension and the ecological dimension, and it has minimum effect on the political dimension of sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Sustainable Balance Score Card for Assessment of Management Systems with Focus on DEMATEL-FANP Approach (A Case Study of Gas Companies in Fars)
Morteza Shafiee Mansour Momeni Maryam Kochakzadeh DezfoliManagement systems assessment is one of the fundamental issues that has recently been of concern for decision makers particularly for managers. Utilizing the Sustainable Development Approach, the present study introduces a new model of Sustainability Balance Score Card MoreManagement systems assessment is one of the fundamental issues that has recently been of concern for decision makers particularly for managers. Utilizing the Sustainable Development Approach, the present study introduces a new model of Sustainability Balance Score Card (SBSC) plus Multi Attribute Decision Making to assess the management system operations in energy consumption in gas companies in Fars. The study integrated the concept of Sustainable Development to the parallel Balance Score Card in order find out the structural network of relations using DEMATEL approach and finally prioritize management system selection employing a FAHP analysis. The results of DEMATEL approach showed that various aspects of Sustainability and Internal Processes were of higher priority compared to Stockholders’ Training and Growth. The results of FAHP analysis indicated that among all attributes under scrutiny, four sets of SBSC were of paramount importance: Average Workforce Training (Training and Growth facet), Customer Satisfaction (Stockholders facet), Responsibility Retention (Social branch of Sustainability facet), Productivity (Economical branch of Sustainability facet), Employee Safety and Health (Environmental branch of Sustainability facet) and Energy Consumption (internal processes facet). Research findings also indicated that Energy Management System (50001) was of higher priority compared to other systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - Social stability of youth in the discourse of ethnic and national identities in the Iran-Iraq war
Abbas Yousefi Sheikh Rabat Ali Hossein Hosseinzadeh Hossein Karimi Fard Fereydoun Akbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
207 - Youth Social Capital and Sustainable Environmental Development in Bushehr
Tayyebe Pourbehi Gholamreza Jafarinia Ali Shamsoddini -
Open Access Article
208 - Modeling the Effect of Agility on Organizational and Social Sustainability Mediated by Organizational Culture (Case Study: Young Principals and Deputies of Public Schools in Babol)
Mehdi Biglari Firooz Babak Hosseinzadeh Vahid Fallah -
Open Access Article
209 - Similarity of Country Rankings on Sustainability Performance
John Mordeson Sunil MathewIn this paper, we extend the fuzzy similarity measure of two rankings to any finite number of rankings. We provide a method to convert a measure for a finite number of rankings to a number that represents the number for two rankings. We apply our results to the sustaina MoreIn this paper, we extend the fuzzy similarity measure of two rankings to any finite number of rankings. We provide a method to convert a measure for a finite number of rankings to a number that represents the number for two rankings. We apply our results to the sustainability ranking of countries by the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). The 2020 EPI provides a summary of the state of sustainability around the world. It uses 32 performance indicators across 11 categories. These indicators provide a way to determine problems, set targets, track trends, understand outcomes, and identify best policy practices. The EPI ranks 180 countries on environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The EPI provides a method in support of efforts to meet the targets of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The EPI determined that the Global West region ranked the highest. The purpose of our project is to find the similarity of the 11 rankings of the countries for eight different regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Investigating the impact of sustainability reporting on the creation of added market value by companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, considering the moderating role of corporate governance factors.
Mahdi Ershadi Zohra hajiha mojgan safa Hossein MoghadamObjective: Today, identifying factors affecting the added value of the market is particularly important in terms of comparing an economic enterprise with other economic enterprises and in terms of the competitiveness of the economic enterprise. This research has been ca MoreObjective: Today, identifying factors affecting the added value of the market is particularly important in terms of comparing an economic enterprise with other economic enterprises and in terms of the competitiveness of the economic enterprise. This research has been carried out with the aim of investigating the impact of sustainability reporting on the creation of added market value by companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, considering the moderating role of corporate governance factors.Method: In the present study, the required data were extracted from Rahavard Navin software, financial statements of companies and Sandakavi, as well as Kodal website. The statistical population of the present study is all the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 2012 to 2022. In order to test the research hypotheses, the combined data model was used. The software used for data analysis is Stata version 14.Findings: The results of the research hypotheses test show that the creation of added market value by the company has a favorable effect of sustainability reporting. In other words, improving sustainability reporting can significantly increase the ability of the company and the management that has the task of leading the company to create added value in the market. In addition, corporate governance factors as a control factor can cause synergy in the relationship between sustainability reporting and creating added market value by the company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - Defining the relation between seclusion and social sustainability goals in contemporary housing (Case study of Low-rise residential apartments in Tehran)
Azadeh Rezaei Mohammadreza Pourzargar Vahid Shali AminiNowadays, due to the ever-increasing population growth, rising land prices, increase in construction and sales, and other economic restrictions for the residents of residential buildings in metropolises, especially in short-rise residential apartments with low square me MoreNowadays, due to the ever-increasing population growth, rising land prices, increase in construction and sales, and other economic restrictions for the residents of residential buildings in metropolises, especially in short-rise residential apartments with low square meters, the quality of life has declined. solitude (individual and collective) and privacy of the residents is not given attention. In fact, this shows the lack of attention of architects and urban planners to social challenges and issues and the need to realize sustainable housing (especially from the social aspect) in order to promote the privacy of the residents of residential buildings and increase the mental-psychological peace and finally improve the satisfaction of the people of the society. Therefore the main goal of this research is to explain the necessity and principles of seclusion in order to achieve the dimensions of social sustainability in low-rise residential apartments in Tehran. Also, this research seeks to answer these questions: What is the relationship between the components of realizing privacy and social sustainability in contemporary housing? And what are the internal and external factors affecting the realization of social sustainability and the improvement of the quality of solitude in the samples studied in the research? The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and survey methodology. The method of data collection was based on library-documentary and survey data. The method of data analysis is using T-Test, Friedman, factor analysis and structural equation modeling method. In this part of the research, smartpls3 and spss20 software are used. Using the Friedman test, the priority of participation, security, and quality items were reported in the order of importance; Based on this, the importance of the item "increase and diversity of collective spaces" from the dimension of "participation" as the first rank, the item of "compliance with proportions and scales" from the dimension of "security" as the first rank and finally the item of "existence of furniture and flexible spaces" from Then "quality" took the title of first place. The research results indicate that the three dimensions of “participation”, “security” and “quality” have different effect on the solitude realization in contemporary housing to improve the social sustainability quality. The dimension of "participation" plays the most impact from the perspective of how the residents seek seclusion and realize it in housing in order to promote social sustainability in contemporary housing interior. In the continuation of the dimensions of "Security" and "Quality", respectively, after the dimension of "participation", has the greatest impact on the seclusion of the low-rise residential residents. Finally, in this research, it was suggested that in the design of residential spaces for the purpose of seclusion, attention should first be paid to the socio-cultural, religious and behavioral priorities of the residents, and then use the physical strategies and its indicators. However, considering that the general research related to seclusion is focused on physical and functional strategies and less attention has been paid to socio-cultural criteria, it is suggested that more research be done in this area in order to realize seclusion in terms of cultural criteria and be done religiously Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - Analyzing physical stability of urban housing with Sustainable Development Approach; the case of Islam Abad, Zanjan
Jila Sajadi Asghar Teymoori Hossein TahmasbimoghadamThe dwellings is one of the crucial requirements for human survive and development. In other words, Sustainable, stable and secure housing is fundamental need of every people. However, providing and accessibility of stable housing has faced with many issues due to lack MoreThe dwellings is one of the crucial requirements for human survive and development. In other words, Sustainable, stable and secure housing is fundamental need of every people. However, providing and accessibility of stable housing has faced with many issues due to lack of financing, poor management and low capacity, particularly in developing countries. Such issues along with rapid growth of informal settlement, low quality of buildings and vulnerability against natural disasters has led to necessity of addressing to housing issues. Accordingly, this paper analysis physical structure of housing in Islam Abad, Zanjan from sustainable development perspectives. The research method is descriptive-analytical and AHP technique and ArcGIS has been used. Data collection was based on field study and documentary. The findings revealed that Islam Abad neighborhood has fenced many challenge and problems such as incompatible land uses, low quality of buildings, using unstable materials, and small size parcels. In fact, physical structure of housing is not sustainable and more than 58 percent of dwellings are not stable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - Measurement and evaluation of effective factors in citizen participation and its role in neighborhood sustainability
mahmoud rahimi mani naghdiCitizenship participation leads to the prosperity of individual capacities and improving the performance of city managers and, consequently, sustainability. Hence, today, urban planners and policymakers consider the maximum attraction of citizenship participation as one MoreCitizenship participation leads to the prosperity of individual capacities and improving the performance of city managers and, consequently, sustainability. Hence, today, urban planners and policymakers consider the maximum attraction of citizenship participation as one of the sustainable strategies. The present study uses descriptive-analytic method to study the effective factors on citizen participation and the relationship between the amount of participation of citizens with stability in Evin and Zaferanie neighborhoods. In this research, sampling was performed using the Cochran formula and the sample population based on it. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using independent t-test and Pearson test and regression tests. The results of the research indicate that the level of citizenship participation at the neighborhood level has a significant difference. In other words, the level of citizenship participation in different aspects of the Evin neighborhood is more favorable than the Zaferanieh district. As a result of this situation and given the relation of the level of participation and sustainability of the neighborhood, Evin neighborhood is in a more favorable position than the Zafarrani neighborhood in terms of sustainability indicators. Finally, with respect to the multivariate regression test, it was determined that the factors affecting citizen participation are, respectively, institutional placement, social empowerment, decent city governance, the formation of local government and spatial justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - neighborhood Sustainable development in the context of good governance an urban (case study: the six districts of Tehran
ثروت اله مرادی آرام کریمی nader tabeiNowadays, urban management can influence the stability of neighborhoods. Currently, the most effective, least costly and the most sustainable approach for urban management practice is “good urban governance". The main objective of the current study was analyzing t MoreNowadays, urban management can influence the stability of neighborhoods. Currently, the most effective, least costly and the most sustainable approach for urban management practice is “good urban governance". The main objective of the current study was analyzing the “good urban governance” model in local sustainable development of neighborhoods in District Six of Tehran. The research method is descriptive- analytical. Hence, initially the neighborhoods in District Six were investigated in terms of indicators of good urban governance and local sustainable development by using entropy of Shannon weight model and VIKOR. Further, to explore the relationship between local sustainability and good urban governance, Pearson's Correlation and Multivariate Regression were used. The results of VIKOR Model indicated that neighborhoods in District Six are weak and unstable in terms of good urban governance and local sustainable development; moreover, in terms of good urban governance indicators, Gandhi Neighborhood held the first position and Behjat Neighborhood held the last position. Likewise, Argentine Neighborhood was the most sustainable neighborhood and Nosrat Neighborhood was the most unsustainable neighborhood with regard to local sustainable development indicators. The results of Pearson Correlation Test indicated a statistically significant relationship between good urban governance and local sustainable development in neighborhoods of District Six. Finally, the results of Multivariate Regression Analysis showed that among the indicators of good urban governance, participation index had the greatest impact on local sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Evaluate the performance of urban management in urban sustainability (Case Study: Izeh City)
Ahmad i Khademalhosein Anosiravan BahramiWithout a doubt one of the main reasons for creating such chaos and instability challenges in management and in the meantime, the lack of an integrated urban management is one o. Ize the development of the city as well as the impact of growth and rural migration to the MoreWithout a doubt one of the main reasons for creating such chaos and instability challenges in management and in the meantime, the lack of an integrated urban management is one o. Ize the development of the city as well as the impact of growth and rural migration to the city's sphere of influence, urban management practices in this town has many problems. In this regard, this study is to evaluate the performance of Ize city's urban management in urban sustainability. The research method employed in terms of the purpose in nature is cross-sectional. The study population included citizens and urban experts (municipal council) that according to the latest census, the population of 122 013 people. The sample size is based on a sample of 383 people. The sample size of the experts was 40. To survey the views of citizens in the form of a questionnaire 5 indicators such as: socio-cultural, economic, physical-physical, environmental, political and was designed. In order to analyze the data, SPSS statistical analysis software is used in space. The results of the questionnaire, the sustainability of urban management related to each indicator, the average value is less than the significance level (sig) also confirms it. So based on the opinions of citizens in urban sustainability management indicators are at a disadvantage. The difference from the mean of indexes suggests that Sustainable urban management of moderate to low level and the current status of Ize city not liking any of the two groups of citizens and expert. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - A comparative study of social stability indices for housing (case study: Ahvaz socially excluded localities)
faeghe sarhani mohammad hasan yazdani saeed amanpourIn recent years, sustainable development and therefor sustainable development for neighbourhoods have been proposed in scientific community. This is closely connected to socail damage, environmental issues, security, collaboration and urban management. For the developme MoreIn recent years, sustainable development and therefor sustainable development for neighbourhoods have been proposed in scientific community. This is closely connected to socail damage, environmental issues, security, collaboration and urban management. For the development of sustainable housing in urban neighbouhoods, 10 indicators has been used in social dimension. The aim of this inverstigation was comparative study of sustainability indicators for housing in informal settlement areas of Ahvaz. Research population was families living in informal areas. 384 individuals were cochranʾs sample size. In order to increase the accuracy of research, 450 questionnaires were distributed. 18 neighbourhoods in city border were chosen out of 6 distinguished districts. Nonparametric tests such as Manu-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analysis and comparison amany neighbours. The prioritization was bused on the results of sustainity of neighbourhoods: Zergan, zoviye 1 and zoviye 2 with a score of 5 had a stable level for their local identity, a sense of homeplace and residentʾs co-opration. Aliabad, Manbaʾ ab, Hasir abad and taher neighbourhoods with a score of 4 were known as relatione stable.Al-e-Safi, Mallashia, Nehzatabad and Krishan as semi stable and Goldasht, upper chenibeh and Allavi neighbourhoods were known as relatively unstable and Golbahar, Razmandeghan and sayyahi Alley were unstable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Ecological Sustainability Assessment in the Tutli Watershed, North Khorasan Province
Amir Reza Heirany Morteza Behzadfar Nazila Alaei Zeinab HazbaviEcological sustainability assessment is a pivotal for determining the type of human interaction and dealings with nature and the ecological services received from it, which should be constantly monitored. While limited studies have been carried out in the country and so MoreEcological sustainability assessment is a pivotal for determining the type of human interaction and dealings with nature and the ecological services received from it, which should be constantly monitored. While limited studies have been carried out in the country and so far this important issue has not been considered in practical regional and national policies and planning. In order to fill this research and management gap, the present study aims to assess the ecological sustainability of Tutli Watershed located in the north of North Khorasan Province using the conceptual framework of Hydrology, Environment, Life, and Policy (HELP) and calculate the Watershed Sustainability Index (WSI). In this assessment process, 14 variables were used, which were classified into three categories of Pressure (P), State (S), and Response (R) indices and four HELP criteria based on the their nature. Accordingly, the mean scores of P, S and R indices for Tutli Watershed were obtained 0.65, 0.85 and 0.35, respectively. Furthermore, the average scores of hydrological (H) and environmental (E) criteria were equal to 0.58 and the scores of life (L) and policy criteria (P) were equal to 0.66. The results of combining all the studied criteria and indicators showed that the total WSI score is 0.62 and indicates the level of average ecological sustainability. The results could be applied to plan, protect and identify critical areas and to direct management strategies. It is also recommended to improve the watershed sustainability level from medium to good by adopting appropriate policies and effective conservation programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Zoning and Measuring Sustainability of Urban Environment Emphasizing Sustainable Development in Yazd Province
Masud Safaipoor Elyas MavadatAbstract Checking development status and constraints of geographic environment is one of the most important issues in two districts of city and sustainable development due to stability and sustaiable development in cities. Indexes of sustainable development in dimension MoreAbstract Checking development status and constraints of geographic environment is one of the most important issues in two districts of city and sustainable development due to stability and sustaiable development in cities. Indexes of sustainable development in dimensions of environmental geography can be used as suitable criteria to determine the place of cities and solve their problems and shortcomings in order to achieve economic welfare and residents' social-cultural health to obtain urban sustainable development. In this regard having developmental-applied nature and descriptive-analytic method, recognizing and assessing environmental sustainability purpose, that is prioritizing sustainable development in Yazd province and using Entropy-TOPSIS model and GIS, Visio, Grafer, SPSS and Excel software and 50 indicators (hygienic, environmental, cultural, economic and social) the current research aims to analyze the studied subject in the province. The results showed that in matrix model the grouping class difference of provinces' cities was not regular in terms of population and there was not urban place in intervals between the first floor and top floor of the matrix. So 44.22% of the cities' population distributed on the first floor and the entropy coefficient confirmed it. Its coefficient was (-0.37) in 2006 and (-0.23) in 2011 which indicated the relative movement of the urban hierarchy towards instability and more concentration. Finally development prioritization obtained using TOPSIS indicated that Yazd and Abarkuh were the most developed regions having levels 0.973 and 0.610. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Evolution and modeling in sustainable supply chain management research
mehdi izadyar Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy Seyed Mohammad Seyed Hosseini Zahra Mehri -
Open Access Article
220 - Sustainable Optimization in Supply Chain Network of the Iranian Universities
Amir Najafi Shahin Rajaei -
Open Access Article
221 - Environmental sustainability assessment with emphasis on drought and water resources using multi-criteria artificial neural network technology (case study of Babak city)
محمد ابراهیم عفیفی ahmad mangeli meydook ali vakhsooriIn this study, first, by studying the research, criteria and sub-criteria were identified that are effective in terms of environmental sustainability. After the Delphi stages, the criteria of environmental resources and services, environmental health and energy were sel MoreIn this study, first, by studying the research, criteria and sub-criteria were identified that are effective in terms of environmental sustainability. After the Delphi stages, the criteria of environmental resources and services, environmental health and energy were selected as the most important criteria for assessing environmental sustainability in Babak, then using the neural network model to analyze and evaluate the environmental sustainability of Babak. In this study, drought in Babak city was analyzed with a SPI index of drought during a statistical period of 32 years 1361-1392. This index is specifically for time series six; Twelve and forty-eight months were calculated. The city of Babak has been facing drought during the statistical period of thirty-two years, especially the last seven years, and on an annual scale of six months, most of its droughts are mild to moderate droughts. But in the long-term Myas 48 months, 75% of the droughts were severe and very severe, which shows a high relationship with the quantitative and qualitative decline of groundwater in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Prioritization and Evaluation of Effective Criteria on Rural Sustainability with an Emphasis on Agricultural Production (Case Study: Villages of Qazvin Province)
Vahid Bigdeli Rad Shahram MalekiIn addition to being the source of financial and livelihood resources for villagers, the agricultural production sector has the greatest impact in providing the country's strategic products; Therefore, in order to maintain and develop this sector, there is a need for th MoreIn addition to being the source of financial and livelihood resources for villagers, the agricultural production sector has the greatest impact in providing the country's strategic products; Therefore, in order to maintain and develop this sector, there is a need for the stability of rural areas based on a suitable approach. Based on this, in the current research, by using library resources and the opinions of rural affairs experts, criteria with the approach of supporting and removing obstacles from agricultural production, and then using the method of hierarchical analysis and Expert Choice software was used to evaluate and prioritize them. The results showed that the criterion of support has a higher priority than the criterion of removing obstacles to production. Also, among the production support sub-criteria, on-time payment of products with 16.4 percent and among the production prevention sub-criteria, mediation in the sales chain with 18.7 percent have more important priority. In addition, the villages of Alborz city have had a favorable situation in terms of production support components, with 20.2%. Also, in measuring the situation of eliminating production obstacles, the villages of Qazvin city have a better situation with a weight of 19.7%. On the other hand, the villages of Auj city are the least privileged in both criteria. In the end, the examination of the results showed the need to pay more attention to supporting and removing obstacles to agricultural production in Auj city. The main reason for this is the location of this city in the less developed region of Qazvin province, especially in terms of ease of access to the central regions of the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Analysis of the relationship between urban livability and environmental sustainability in area 22 of Tehranmetropolis
amir hossene hekmati hamidreza joodaki yousef ali ziariAccording to the United Nations, in 1900, only 10% of the world's population lived in cities, but in 2007, the world's urban population reached 50%. . The purpose of this study is to investigate the criteria of the Minister of Urban Sustainability Indicators in the 22nd MoreAccording to the United Nations, in 1900, only 10% of the world's population lived in cities, but in 2007, the world's urban population reached 50%. . The purpose of this study is to investigate the criteria of the Minister of Urban Sustainability Indicators in the 22nd metropolitan area of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of the purpose of a research is data collection using library and field studies using the basics of the research and the five-Likert questionnaire, the criteria were determined by the Minister of Standards. Then, using the method of hierarchical analysis, the sub-criteria were prioritized. Built "Between Transportation Sub-Criteria Minister of Infrastructure" Safe Street "Between Safety Sub-Criteria Sub-Criteria" Safety of Public Places "and Between Health Sub-Criteria Ventilation Potential and Between Housing Sub-Criteria" Housing Plan "and New Criteria for Investment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Investigation of farmers' opinions regarding the multi-purpose use of Chaharbagh summer pastures in Golestan province
Reza Yari seyedeh mahbubeh mirmiranMultipurpose use and investment in potential resources available in rangelands such as the use of medicinal plants as well as attention to the tourism and ecotourism industry can benefit local people from benefits such as employment and income generation. Therefore, thi MoreMultipurpose use and investment in potential resources available in rangelands such as the use of medicinal plants as well as attention to the tourism and ecotourism industry can benefit local people from benefits such as employment and income generation. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the views of users regarding exploitation, potentials, facilities, income and education about Chaharbagh summer rangelands in Golestan province The interview was conducted randomly among 27 exploits. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the opinions of experts and experienced in this field and also the reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient method. The reliability of the questionnaire for users was equal to 0.81, which was in the appropriate and desirable range. Excel and Spss software were also used to analyze the data. The results show the highest interest, good experience, potential of rangelands and facilities and equipment from the perspective of users in the field of livestock activities and livestock grazing and the lowest amount of them in the activities of exploitation of medicinal, industrial and edible plants. So that 48.1% are very and very interested in activities and earning, 77.78% are in good experience of Chaharbagh rangelands and 81.48% of them are in high and very high rangelands potential and up to 88% of them are in high facilities and They mentioned a lot of pastures in the field of animal husbandry and grazing.The highest level of agreement with the presence and also the highest level of income was observed in beekeeping activities. 70.37% of the farmers had a lot of agreement with the presence of beekeepers in these pastures and from the point of view of 50% of them, this activity has the highest income. More than 74% of users also expressed the need for more and more training in the use of medicinal plants. In general, the results show the desired potential of the region for multi-purpose use, especially in the field of livestock and beekeeping activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Investigation of some physio-morphological traits of purslane (portulaca oleracea L.) landraces under drought stress
Elham Azizi Younes Rezapour mansooreh kermani ali masoomiPurslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) is a valuable medicinal plant growing in hot and dry conditions. Since drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting the production of agricultural products in these regions, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of d MorePurslane (Portulaca Oleracea L.) is a valuable medicinal plant growing in hot and dry conditions. Since drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting the production of agricultural products in these regions, this study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of different purslane landraces to drought stress in the greenhouse of Payame Noor University of Daregaz during the spring 2016. The experiment was as factorial based on completely randomized design with four levels of drought stress (field capacity, 75% FC, 50% FC and 25% FC), 5 landraces of purslane (Qom, Kalat, Sabzevar, Yazd, Gachsaran), and with three replications. The studied traits were relative water content, membrane sustainability index, photosynthetic pigment contents, chlorophyll sustainability index (the amount of chlorophylls and carotenoids), proline content, soluble carbohydrates, and fresh and dry weight of roots in two stages of vegetative and reproductive growth. Results showed that an increase in water stress level decreased the relative water content and cell membrane stability index while increasing the leaf chlorophyll index, carotenoid content, proline, and carbohydrates in different landraces of purslane. Results also indicated that the landraces of Gachsaran and Yazd had higher membrane stability index, lower RWC, and lower chlorophyll content under stress. Among the studied landraces, Qom and Kalat showed significant superiority compared to Sabzevar, Yazd and Gachsaran landraces in terms of proline and soluble carbohydrates. Also, the results showed that with increasing drought stress, fresh and dry weight of roots, leaves, and stems reduced at vegetative and generative stages of plant development such that the highest morphological and physiological traits in two stages of vegetative and reproductive growth were observed in 75% and 100% of field capacity and the minimum levels of these traits were obtained in 25% of field capacity. In general, Qom and Kalat landraces were more tolerant to drought stress compared to other landraces while Gachsaran, Yazd, and Sabzevar due to the relatively weak response to drought stress in most of the measured traits, were evaluated as susceptible landraces to drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Analaysis of sustainable regeneration urban distressed area, case study: (District 10, Tehran city)
Faramarz Hadavi ahmad Pourahmad Mahnaz Keshavarz Esmaeil Aliakbaridistressed textures are regions which are separated from life evolution cycle and became the bone of problems and inefficiencies. Nevertheless, these textures account for high percentage of urban population, and yet have numerous capacities and potentials for future int Moredistressed textures are regions which are separated from life evolution cycle and became the bone of problems and inefficiencies. Nevertheless, these textures account for high percentage of urban population, and yet have numerous capacities and potentials for future intra-city developments. Dealing with distressed and inefficient urban textures is not apart from dealing with economic, cultural and social realities, and entails careful, comprehensive and realistic planning. In recent years, urban regeneration has been brought up as a new approach for improvement and renovation of these textures. “Urban regeneration” approach is beyond objectives, desires and achievements of “urban renovation”, “urban development”, and “urban improvement”, and has comprehensive, consistent and sustainable outlook by considering all social, economic, physical and environmental aspects. The current study has been carried out by understanding effective factors on urban distressed textures and evaluating the sustainability and unsustainability of District 10, and using SWOT-QSPM methods; research variables were determined through documentary and library studies that include social, economic, and environmental indicators . Throughout the survey method, the required information was collected and analyzed using the entropy criterion and SWOT-QSPM model. Further quantitative results showed that this area is economically unstable in the first place due to its social and environmental dimensions. The instability of the economic dimensions of the tissue is that: this leads to the instability of the other dimensions of the texture and ultimately shows itself as a physical instability. Thus, the later approach of sustainable urban regeneration with the strategy (economic regeneration and community-based recreation), due to its integrated globalization and interactivity, can be an optimal version to intervene with this tissue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Strategic Planning Model for Public Sector Organizations (Case Study of Malayer Municipality,2017-2021)
Fakhrodin maroofi naghdei alireza EmamiOne of the most important duties strategist, future projections are based on past experiences and future goals is to achieve. Among all management tasks, from the most basic plan is that the bridge linking the present into the future. Those of the past had planned to de MoreOne of the most important duties strategist, future projections are based on past experiences and future goals is to achieve. Among all management tasks, from the most basic plan is that the bridge linking the present into the future. Those of the past had planned to decide when and for action in the future. We can not control changes but we can prepare to deal with it. On the other hand resource constraints and low price elasticity of public service organizations, assign tasks as diverse organizational tasks of the Authority, Vslayq high expectations of citizens in creating public goods, public sector managers in setting priorities and making choices between the diverse demands of citizens due to limited resources, the problem of inconsistency in the objectives, policies, strategies, planning Vslyqh axle, resulting in the loss of resources and diminishing marginal utility and productivity encountered last currency. This longitudinal study using indirect observations between 1372 till 1394, and based on the economic theory of rational expectations model and the new model Bryson, statistical methods, time series ARMA final performance criteria and test Dickey - Fuller and t-student, the income equation and costs for the years 1396 till 1400 estimate Zndvatbar statistical hypotheses effect on investment and value added in the construction sector, effects of national and government aid, grants and borrowing, economic crises, rate of return and added value for other sectors, duration of return on investment, Vmkhatrh risk investments in the construction sector, maintenance of assets and savings culture in the form of quantitative and qualitative factors affecting the costs and revenue of public sector organizations and Atbaramary analyzes the hypothesis is accepted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Assessment and comparative analysis level of sustainability in old and new urban neighborhoods (Case study: old and new urban neighborhoods in Kerman)
صدیقه میمندی پاریزیSustainable urban development, as the most important matter of today urban planning, is on the principle that a city space is formed in the neighborhood and continues on its base; so neighborhood development is considered as the key action to achieve sustainable develop MoreSustainable urban development, as the most important matter of today urban planning, is on the principle that a city space is formed in the neighborhood and continues on its base; so neighborhood development is considered as the key action to achieve sustainable development. In this way, assessment of the sustainability is considered as an effective step towards achieving urban sustainability with the use of various indicators in urban neighborhoods. The purpose of this study is assessment and comparative analysis of sustainability in old and new neighborhoods in Kerman, and it is a combination of remained neighborhoods of the previous periods and new urban developments, due to its historical development. Meanwhile each of these two neighborhoods, based on their conditions and characteristics, represent the degree of adaptation with principles of sustainable development. The descriptive-analytical method is used in this research and the results of this research are practical-developmental. In this study, five dimensions of sustainability were evaluated in 49 indicators, after reviewing the literature and exploratory studies in Kerman areas, including environmental, physical- spatial, socio-cultural, economic and institutional-political. After completing the questionnaire, methods and statistical techniques have been used to analyze the sustainability level, such as Pearson, single-sample T-test, K2 test, Regression analysis in Spss software, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results have shown that the most stable dimension is the economic one in both neighborhoods. In general, the sustainaability in the old and new urban neighborhoods in Kerman is lower than the average value and Malek Mosque (old urban neighborhood) is in a worse situation than Motahari (new urban neighborhood). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Explaining and Analyzing the Stability of Community Spaces and Measuring the Effective Factors (A Case studyof Mahabad Family Park)
siamand maroofi qader bayzidiThe necessity of urban public spaces is undeniable as one of the main pillars of sustainable development in everyday life. Nevertheless, we are witnessing the lack of attention paid to urban planning and design criteria in urban development projects. In the meantime, th MoreThe necessity of urban public spaces is undeniable as one of the main pillars of sustainable development in everyday life. Nevertheless, we are witnessing the lack of attention paid to urban planning and design criteria in urban development projects. In the meantime, the park is one of the spheres that provides lodging for community visits, spending leisure time , citizens’ participation, and improving the city's social life. According to the present study which was carried out in the family park of Mahabad in 2018, using descriptive-analytical method and data gathering through a survey method, the stability of the understudy space based on indicators such as sustainability of the space, as well as the measurement was investigated. The most important factors affecting the promotion of sustainability in this space have been discussed. Measurement done by Cronbach's alpha test, reliability of the questionnaire, and the results of KMO and Bartlet tests confirmed the adequacy of the sample size as well as the internal and structural validity of the questionnaire. The results of statistical analysis indicate the unstable condition of space in all of the studied components (except in the components of socialization). Also, the results of structural equation modeling using PLS software showed that components related to comfort and mental image, which refer to comfort, tranquility, and physical and psychological security of space users, have the greatest impact on sustainability improvement in the understudy space. Therefore, in order to organize and strengthen the space, these categories of components will be prioritized and implemented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Explaining the NBS Model in Urban Planning to Make Urban Areas Resilient
Hossein Shirmohammdi majid shamsCities are facing increasing environmental, social, and economic challenges that threaten urban resilience, urban areas, and residents who live and work there. It has always been exposed to chronic, acute stress and shocks, which are strengthened by the effects of the n MoreCities are facing increasing environmental, social, and economic challenges that threaten urban resilience, urban areas, and residents who live and work there. It has always been exposed to chronic, acute stress and shocks, which are strengthened by the effects of the natural environment, such as climate change, earthquakes, floods, etc. And since the world's population is increasing and it is estimated from 7.7 billion in 2020 to 9.7 billion in 2050, it will face countless other problems and challenges, including the spread of widespread epidemics. In the meantime, urban planning seeks to help urban resilience by changing the approach. Therefore, urban resilience is a concept that is strengthened by urban planning. One of these solutions to increase resilience is a set of measures called nature-based solutions (NBS). These solutions are derived from a systemic approach to strengthen the maintenance, improvement, and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems in urban areas, and to expand green infrastructure resources, and climate adaptation based on the ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - An Analysis of the Effects of Deprivation Alleviation Programs on Promoting Social and Economic Sustainability in the City of Qaleh-Ganj as a Pilot for the Country's Resilient Economy
mohammadtaher rostami Abbas MalekHoseiniThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of deprivation alleviation programs on promoting social and economic sustainability in Qaleh-Ganj as a pilot for the country's resilient economy. The research method in this study was conducted through library studies a MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the effects of deprivation alleviation programs on promoting social and economic sustainability in Qaleh-Ganj as a pilot for the country's resilient economy. The research method in this study was conducted through library studies and field investigations. The statistical population of this study was all individuals in Qaleh-Ganj, which is approximately 80,000 people, and simple random sampling was used to determine the number of selected individuals. The necessary information for obtaining results was gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire, and content and exploratory validity were also investigated. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software through correlation and regression tests. It should be noted that the morphology of the city under study and the structural analysis of Qaleh-Ganj were examined to analyze the data. The findings showed that the assumptions related to the tests are appropriate. Deprivation alleviation was estimated to have a correlation with economic dimensions (savings, credits, income, employment, and insurance) of 0.73, 0.71, 0.61, and 0.39, respectively. Social dimensions, including networks, social participation, and social cohesion, were estimated to have correlations of 0.67, 0.79, and 0.61, respectively, with deprivation alleviation. The capacity and potential of the city had a coefficient of 0.67, indicating that they significantly influenced the success of deprivation alleviation programs. Therefore, deprivation alleviation in Qaleh-Ganj is a function of the potential and existing capacities at the city level and its sphere of influence, and investment must be made to reduce poverty and deprivation by focusing on these potentials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Assessing the Social Sustainability of Yazd Neighborhoods
fateme raghebian hanzaie Mohammad Hossein saraei seyed ali almodaresiYazd has experienced rapid growth and significant demographic and physical changes in recent years. This study is a practical-developmental research aimed at measuring the status of social sustainability in the neighborhoods of Yazd using a descriptive-analytical method MoreYazd has experienced rapid growth and significant demographic and physical changes in recent years. This study is a practical-developmental research aimed at measuring the status of social sustainability in the neighborhoods of Yazd using a descriptive-analytical method, by using the fuzzy TOPSIS statistical test and correlation coefficient. The research data was collected from the detailed plan of the city of Yazd in 2017, the statistical center, and field studies of research indicators using a questionnaire. The statistical population includes citizens over 15 years old in Yazd, and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 400 people, randomly selected by stratified random sampling in proportion to the population of neighborhoods. Four main indicators of population changes, participation, security, and quality of life were examined. The results showed a strong correlation between the quality of life index and social sustainability. The quality of life index had the highest effect and significant relationship with social sustainability with a correlation coefficient of 0.948, while the security and participation indices had correlation coefficients of 0.721 and 0.673, respectively. The migration index did not have a significant relationship with social sustainability in the neighborhoods of Yazd (correlation coefficient of 0.217). Among the neighborhoods, Safaieh, Imam Shahr, and Kooy-e Talghani were the most sustainable, while Eish Abad, Khair Abad, and the airport were the least sustainable in terms of social aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - A Model for Explaining Factors Affecting the Regeneration of Old Urban Tissue (A Case of Dezful)
nahid keshavarz hamih reza jodaki Ali NorikermaniThe regeneration of old and deteriorated urban fabrics and its instability are key issues within the urban planning system, prompting relevant institutions to reorganize and revitalize these areas. This study aims to identify and assess the indicators and factors that a MoreThe regeneration of old and deteriorated urban fabrics and its instability are key issues within the urban planning system, prompting relevant institutions to reorganize and revitalize these areas. This study aims to identify and assess the indicators and factors that affect urban regeneration while providing an integrated model to elucidate these factors. Employing a descriptive-analytical and survey research method, this study focuses on the residents of the outdated Dezful structure, having a population of 29,277 according to the 2015 census. Cochran's formula determined a sample size of 384 individuals, who were randomly selected to complete the questionnaire. The data collection tool includes questionnaires, alongside interview and observation methods to ensure completeness. Statistical analyses using the SPSS and AMOS software reveal that social and economic factors significantly influence the reconstruction of the outdated fabric of Dezful, with the social factor being the most crucial, having a factor load of 0.86. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - The levels of Sustainability in urban districts (Case study: Mahabad)
Ali Movahed Nemat KordehSustainable urban development, a large-scale and complex ideas that affect the growth and development of cities, economic, social, environment-focused on environmental and ecological development. What is important today is the awareness of the strengths and weaknesses o MoreSustainable urban development, a large-scale and complex ideas that affect the growth and development of cities, economic, social, environment-focused on environmental and ecological development. What is important today is the awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of the social, economic, environmental-environmental and ecological development. The present study examined Mahabad’s municipality districts and neighborhoods, based on indicators of social, economic, environmental, and physical services to identify the community's level of sustainability. This research with regard to its type is applied research and, with respect to the method deployed, it is descriptive research. The model was analyzed utilizing the ELECTRE and AHP and Expert Choice software and Arc GIS in order to determine the stable neighborhoods. The overall results indicate that the studied districts of Mahabad were clearly ranked upon the characteristics under investigation. These municipality areas are ranked and explained in further details in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Application of Ecological Footprint for evaluation sustainable region Geographical (case study: Kermanshah Township)
Mostafa Shahinifar Mirsalar HabibiEcological foot print, as one of the most important sustainability indicator, which was initially introduced by Wackernagel and Rees in 1992, has received considerable attention and has been promoted as a policy and planning tool for sustainability. The methodology of t MoreEcological foot print, as one of the most important sustainability indicator, which was initially introduced by Wackernagel and Rees in 1992, has received considerable attention and has been promoted as a policy and planning tool for sustainability. The methodology of this article is based on descriptive and explanatory method. The main purpose of this research is to determine ecological footprint of township of kermanshah. The findings show that the ecological footprint in the township of Kermanshah is 2.445 hectares per person. This value have been distributed in five main groups: Food 1.225 (ha), housing; 0.615(ha), transportation;0.275(ha), consumer goods; 0.27(ha) and Services; 0.06(ha).The results confirm the fact that the township of Kermanshah to meet the needs of its viability is dependent on the area beyond the township of Kermanshah .Since the bio capacity of 0.8 hectares for Iranian, Ecological footprint is 2.445 hectares in Kermanshah township means three times larger than their share of environmental capacity allocated to the township 's sustainability. In other words, it can be stated that taking the current trend continues , the township of Kermanshah for food , energy and land requires to absorb the carbon dioxide Space equivalent to 10 times larger than township itself and 3.3 fold of Kermanshah province . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Evaluation the Sustainability of Urban Neighborhoods Based on HDI and Morris Area Technique A Case study: Malayer City
Seyyed Davood Mousavi Asghar Nazarian Usefali Ziari Masoud MahdaviThe sustainability of cities, especially in the 21st century, has been studied seriously and widely by scientific associations and international organizations. The purpose of this article is evaluation and determination of 23 neighborhoods in Malayer based on improvemen MoreThe sustainability of cities, especially in the 21st century, has been studied seriously and widely by scientific associations and international organizations. The purpose of this article is evaluation and determination of 23 neighborhoods in Malayer based on improvement index on this justification that sustainability in any parts of the city can be a background of sustainability for all cities. In order to evaluate and estimate the sustainability of Malayer neighborhoods, unbalance analysis and prediction of the improvement priorities, as well as some quantity models and statistic software have been used such as: Morris development index, standard score, changing coefficient and agent analysis based on 58 variations according to social, economic, environmental and somatic indexes. The case study techniques in this project are combinations of analysis and field studies. The type of study is functional improvement and the range of study is across the 23 parts of Malayer with 159848 population and a 2280 hectare area. The findings and results of this research according to integrative indexes (social, economic, environmental, somatic) have shown a tremendous difference in sustainability coefficient among different neighborhood of city. surprisingly, only 7 neighborhoods out of the 23 neighborhoods (less than one third) are in the sustainability situation and are in %71_1 range and other neighborhoods are in half sustainability situation with %41_ %70 range. Yet,other neighborhoods are in unsustainable situation with the rang of 0_0/40. Furthermore, there is a huge difference among different parts of the city according to the human development index (HDI) which is based on economic indexes of MAX and MIN (MAX_MIN :153.5). It was observed to be so critical and was observed smaller in the environmental index (MAX_MIN :87.88). Therefore, the Park Neighborhood was found having the most score of index combination with 314 in first place and is the most sustainable neighborhood then Naftsiah with 189 score is in 23hd place and the most unsustainable neighborhood. The analysis and results of this study show the tremendous difference, between the most sustainable and least sustainable neighborhoods of the city base on the development indexes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Evaluating and Selecting Recycling Centers in Lead-Acid Battery Supply Chain using DEA: A Case Study
Mona Ghalandari Mohammad Amirkhan hossein Amoozad-khalili -
Open Access Article
238 - Principles of sustainability literature on two different fronts against dictatorship Relying on the poems of Abdullah Pashiv and Qaisar Aminpour
Yadollah PashabadiSustainability literature in Iraq and Iran have some similarities and harmonies. In Iraq, the Ba'athist regime launched an unequal war and takeover against the Kurds, resulting in countless destructions. A house-burning war against Iran also burst into flames, which led MoreSustainability literature in Iraq and Iran have some similarities and harmonies. In Iraq, the Ba'athist regime launched an unequal war and takeover against the Kurds, resulting in countless destructions. A house-burning war against Iran also burst into flames, which led to many problems. In the meantime, poets in the field of sustainability played a significant role in representing and defending the national unity, homeland and human heritages. In Kurdistan of Iraq, Abdullah Pashiv and in Iran, Qaisar Aminpour, played significant roles in these issues, and both fought on two different fronts against a dictatorship and the regime with the poetry weapon. This article has examined the characteristics of sustainability in the poetry of these two poets in an analytical-descriptive way. Defending the homeland, human dignity, hope for the future, describing battle scenes and problems and sufferings caused by war, praising martyrs and troupers and warriors are among the themes have presented in the poetry of these two poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - Analyze the Effect of the Maintenance Activities on the Internet Sustainability by Using 2k Factorial Experiment Design
Ali Karevan -
Open Access Article
240 - A Method for Ranking, Assessment and Evaluation of Sustainability Factors in Project
Abolfazl Hesampour Mehrdad Nikbakht Hadi Shirouyehzad -
Open Access Article
241 - Investigating the relationship between social responsibility and the quality of accruals and profit stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Mahdi FilsaraeiAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and the quality of accruals and profit stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the study is all companies listed on the T MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and the quality of accruals and profit stability in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and OTC during the years 1394-1398. In order to select the statistical sample, the purposive removal method was used. After applying the relevant criteria, 172 companies were selected as the statistical sample. In the present study, regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of testing the first hypothesis of the study showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between social responsibility and the quality of accruals. Also, the findings of the second hypothesis test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between social responsibility and profit sustainability.Keywords: Social responsibility, Quality of accruals, Profit sustainability, Tehran Stock Exchange Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Supply Chain Integration and its Impact on Sustainability of Export and Marketing Development in Tourism Industry by Relying on the Role of Agencies (A Study in Tabriz Travel Agencies)
homa sarvari laleh Hossein Gharehbiglo Behjat AbcharToday, tourism is rapidly expanding as one of the most important and influential sectors in the world economy and countries. The highly competitive environment of the industry compels tourism firms to look for new ways to improve their competitive advantage and effectiv MoreToday, tourism is rapidly expanding as one of the most important and influential sectors in the world economy and countries. The highly competitive environment of the industry compels tourism firms to look for new ways to improve their competitive advantage and effective tourism supply chain management is one of the strategies that tourism operators can employ. This article examines "Supply Chain Integration and its Impact on Sustainability of Export Development and Marketing in the Tourism Industry" as a factor to boost tourism production and increase incoming tourists and the importance of revenue generation. The target population of this study is employees of travel agencies in Tabriz using Morgan table and cluster sampling. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The research is a descriptive correlational one and it is applied in terms of purpose. SPSS21 software and regression tests were used to analyze the data. regression tests were used to analyze the data.The results showed that supply chain integration variable can predict 67% dependent variable of export sustainability and 60% dependent variable of marketing in tourism industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - The Feasibility of Realizing the Vision of Agricultural Tourism Development in the Sustainability of Regional Settlements Development A case of Saveh
Majid Goodarzi Hoshang Moradi Hojatullah Pashapur Mohammad Faraji DarabkhaniThe purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and realization of agricultural tourism development in Saveh city. The current type of research is applied in terms of purpose and nature, employing a survey based on field studies (questionnaire). The statisti MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility and realization of agricultural tourism development in Saveh city. The current type of research is applied in terms of purpose and nature, employing a survey based on field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population of this research includes 18 university managers and experts in the field of tourism and urban planning, who were selected using purposive sampling. For scientific analysis, the combined model of SWOT strategic analysis and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) has been used. The results obtained from the evaluation matrix show that internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) were assessed. According to the scoring of the items in the research, the total score of internal factors is 2.28 (strengths 1.13 and weaknesses 1.15) and external factors 3.2 (opportunities 0.993 and threats 2.2). Therefore, the best strategy for realizing the agricultural tourism model in the study area is the WO strategy, which involves leveraging strengths to exploit opportunities and mitigate weaknesses. Among the developed strategies, the competitive-aggressive (WO) strategy scored the highest (6.82) and is the most attractive among the research strategies. The output of the strategic planning model emphasizes leveraging the region's proximity and access to population centers, geological features of the area, and strengthening related programs as high priority actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Study of social trust and symility towards social participation tendency of citizens of Kashan city
Mohsen Niazi Zeinalabedin Khedmati Fatemeh KhoshbayaniSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the most important factors that provide a platform for social participation. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of social trust and s MoreSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the most important factors that provide a platform for social participation. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of social trust and stability on the willingness of the citizens of Kashan to participate in society. The statistical population of this research is the citizens of Kashan city, the method of this research was carried out with a survey method and the data collection tool in this research was 3 standard questionnaires and the sample size was estimated to be 187 people using SPSS SAMPLE POWER sampling software. The sampling method in this research is available sampling. The data analysis tool of this research is SPSS statistical software and AMOS modeling software. According to the findings of this research, 22% of the factor of willingness to social participation is related to the variable of social trust. Therefore, social trust has an effect on the desire for social participation, and it is possible to predict the desire for social participation based on social trust in the statistical population. 15% of the variance of the dependent variable (inclination to social participation) is explained by the independent variable (sustainability). In simpler words, 15% of the factor of willingness to social participation is related to the sustainability variable. Therefore, sustainability affects the desire for social participation and it is possible to predict the desire for social participation based on sustainability in the statistical population.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Investigating of social stability in the city of Kermanshah
Esmaeel Jahani Dolatabad chnour mohammadiThe research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is citizens over 15 years old in Kermanshah city, The sample size was determined using the Cochran's formula of 385 people. The data c MoreThe research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is citizens over 15 years old in Kermanshah city, The sample size was determined using the Cochran's formula of 385 people. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the analysis was performed with SPSS software (mean components, one-sample t-test and Friedman), WASPAS multi-criteria decision model and CV method. The results of comparing the average of social sustainability indicators in terms of citizens in Kermanshah show: Average indicators; The sense of spatial belonging, interaction, justice and access to facilities and services, housing quality, sense of security and participation and trust in terms of statistical results, is significantly higher than the average of three, but in the economic benefit index significantly It is significantly less than the average value of three and is not in a good condition at all in the eyes of the citizens. The results of the Friedman test also show; Each of the indicators has a different importance. Finally according to the results of the WASPAS model; Areas one, six, two, eight, four, five, seven, three In the first to eighth ranks respectively And are half enjoyed. In general, according to these results; There are no privileged, relatively privileged and deprived areas, and all areas are semi-privileged. The dominant development space in the regions in this model is semi-enjoyed. However, the situation of most indicators is average. But they need attention to achieve ideal conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - An Examination of the level of social trust and stability of desire to social participation of the residents of Kashan city
Mohsen Niazi Zeinalabedin Khedmati Fatemeh KhoshbayaniSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the mostSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the most important factors that provide a platform MoreSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the mostSocial participation is a key element in urban development, and social trust and sustainability are among the most important factors that provide a platform for social participation. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of social trust and stability of the willingness of the citizens of Kashan to participate in society. The research population of this research consisted of the citizens of Kashan city, the method of research was the survey method and the data collection tool consisted of 3 standard questionnaires and the sample size was estimated to be 187 people using SPSS SAMPLE POWER sampling software. The sampling method was available sampling. The data analysis tools were SPSS statistical software and AMOS modeling software. Findings showed that 22% of the factor of willingness to social participation was related to the variable of social trust. Therefore, social trust has an effect on the desire for social participation, and it is possible to predict the desire for social participation based on social trust in the research population. 15% of the variance of the dependent variable (inclination to social participation) was explained by the independent variable (sustainability). In simpler words, 15% of the factor of willingness to social participation is related to the sustainability variable. Therefore, sustainability affects the desire for social participation and it is possible to predict the desire for social participation based on sustainability in the statistical population. The results of the t-test showed that the social trust and social participation status among the citizens of Kashan city is moderate and at the optimal level, and the stability status among the citizens of Kashan city is at an unfavorable and weak level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - An Investigation of social stability in the city of Kermanshah
Esmaeel Jahani Dolatabad Chonoor MohammadiGiven that the concept of sustainable development has become very important in recent decades and also since urban sustainable development, particularly in its social dimension, is exemplified in interpersonal relations among individuals, studying the contexts in which MoreGiven that the concept of sustainable development has become very important in recent decades and also since urban sustainable development, particularly in its social dimension, is exemplified in interpersonal relations among individuals, studying the contexts in which it can be achieved can be of enormous significance. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The research population consisted of the citizens over 15 years old in Kermanshah city, using the Cochran's formula, 385 individuals were selected as the sample. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and the analysis was performed with SPSS software (mean components, one-sample t-test and Friedman), WASPAS multi-criteria decision model and CV method. The results of comparing the veiws of citizens in Kermanshah showed that the average of the components of urban sustainable development were as follows: sense of spatial belonging (3.27), social interaction (3.21), justice and access to facilities and services (3.17), housing quality (3.15), sense of security (3.10) and participation and trust (3.39), economic benefits (2.73). The results of the Friedman test also showed that participation and trust had the highest impact. Finally according to the results of the WASPAS model; Areas one, six, two, eight, four, five, seven, and three had more impact, respectively.. Given the results of the WASPAS model, it could be argued that all geographic areas are in the semi-previlaged sphere and the most inequality relates to the sense of philanthropy among the residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - A Study on the relationship between Social Capital and Sustainable Urban Development (Case of study: Mazandaran province)
moharram azad ali rahmani firuozjah Ali Asghar Abbasi AsfajirThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between social capital and sustainable urban development in the urban population of Mazandaran province over the last 20 years. In order to investigate the relationship between these two variables, theories proposed by Put MoreThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between social capital and sustainable urban development in the urban population of Mazandaran province over the last 20 years. In order to investigate the relationship between these two variables, theories proposed by Putnam, Fukuyama, Misra, Einstein and Driscott were used. Data were collected using a survey method and a questionnaire tool from a statistical sample of 400 subjects. The descriptive findings of the current research showed that the status of the social capital index and all its components (i.e. social awareness, social trust, generalized norms, social participation and social cohesion) and the sustainable urban development index and all its dimensions (i.e. economic sustainability, social sustainability, environmental sustainability, physical sustainability and institutional sustainability) were located at the lower level than the moderate level. The explanatory findings of the research showed that social capital and all its components had a strong direct and significant relationship with sustainable urban development. In Pearson correlation coefficient, the relationship between social capital and all its components with sustainable urban development was significant. In multivariate regression analysis, the effects of all social capital components (other than generalized norms) were significant. Based on the Beta coefficient, variables social trust and social participation, respectively had the most impact on sustainable urban development. Also, َaccording to the results of structural equation modeling, on the basis of various indices, the theoretical model of the research had a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
249 - The formation of sustainability literature (sacred defense) according to the influence of the Islamic revolution
Kowsar Danesh Abdolhosseyn Farzad Ahmad KhatamiThe literature of stability and sacred defense is a fruitful branch of Persian literature after the Islamic revolution, which was formed based on Islamic principles and resistance against the invading enemy. Our aim is to analyze the evolution of this type of sustainabl MoreThe literature of stability and sacred defense is a fruitful branch of Persian literature after the Islamic revolution, which was formed based on Islamic principles and resistance against the invading enemy. Our aim is to analyze the evolution of this type of sustainable literature during the last four decades. Therefore, based on the theoretical framework of "Literary Flowology" and the use of historical analysis method, we have tried to periodize the evolution of the sacred defense literature into four periods, and examine the important works of each period, in terms of thematic and thematic aspects, by identifying the "superior frequency"Among them, let's identify the existing literary trends. Our findings show that the dominant literary stream from the beginning of the war to the present time is the stream of Islamic and religious revolution literature, which has a realist approach, but this approach has undergone changes during the past four decades. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Estimation of the Carbon Footprint in Dairy Sheep Farm
A. Ceyhan E. Akyol A. Ünalan S. Çınar W. Ali -
Open Access Article
251 - Assessing and measuring sustainability in urban worn-out structures with a futures research approach and providing appropriate solutions Case study: Zahedan city
abdolsalam sepahian Mohammad Reza Poodineh Sima Firouzi Rad sajad poudinehSustainable urban development is the main axis of planning and urban management as the custodian of urban affairs always strives to achieve it. Dilapidated urban structures are part of today's cities that face many problems in economic, social, physical, environmental a MoreSustainable urban development is the main axis of planning and urban management as the custodian of urban affairs always strives to achieve it. Dilapidated urban structures are part of today's cities that face many problems in economic, social, physical, environmental and managerial dimensions. Enjoys.This research tries to study the status of existence and planning to improve its status in order to achieve future stability in the area with a futuristic research approach. Has collected its requirements by library documentation method and field studies and a questionnaire of 400 samples estimated by Cochran sampling method. Data analysis was performed using AHP-TOPPSIS analysis method and SWOT analysis method and comparison of factors in the range.According to the obtained results, among the sustainability factors, social factors are the most important and among the indicators, three indicators of social interaction, vitality and user mixing have the highest coefficient. The results of SW1 + 604OT analysis show that the use of aggressive strategies (WO) is the first priority to promote sustainability in the area with a futuristic approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province
Afshin GhorbaniparamThe current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province. In terms of data collection, it is considered as a survey method. In order to collect data, quantitative and qu MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province. In terms of data collection, it is considered as a survey method. In order to collect data, quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The statistical population consisted of two groups of specialists, PhD students in architecture and experts living in this city. The sample size was 384 for specialists and 14 for experts. Two methods of cluster sampling and purposive sampling were used. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and interviews with experts. The data analysis method was the use of descriptive statistics indicators and Friedman test using SPSS software. The most important findings of the research indicated that the design of open spaces, art, culture and entertainment in the towers can be effective in promoting interactions, a sense of belonging and avoiding the negative effects of industrial life on residents. Flexible design of towers and removal of structural constraints with solutions such as (strip design of towers, design of atrium, facilitating proper access and installation of open spaces ...) can be effective in sustainable development and enhancing residents' sense of satisfaction. Proper design of roof and ground floor and creating appropriate social-interactive spaces, can play a role in reducing tower problems and creating vitality and public participation and, consequently, sustainable social development. Designing a leisure center and equipping the towers with basic public services (restaurants, shops, kindergartens, hairdressers, supermarkets, clubs, swimming pools ...) is able to create a sense of belonging and interaction, and on the other hand, reduce trips in the city and create social development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Explain and Evaluate the Sustainable Situation of Future Cities and Islamic Symbols (Using Grounded Theory)
masoud safaeepoor hoshang moradiIn the religion of Islam; The city, man, and Islamic rules come together, and it is here that the Qur'an states what is necessary for human collective lifeThis research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose, and its data and information h MoreIn the religion of Islam; The city, man, and Islamic rules come together, and it is here that the Qur'an states what is necessary for human collective lifeThis research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose, and its data and information have been obtained using the library method and in-depth interviews. The method used in this research is "grounded theory" or "grounded theory". The statistical population of this study, according to its subject area, includes 18 knowledgeable and specialized people in the field of geography and urban planning, sociology and urban planning, who have been selected by purposive sampling. The interview with the target population continued until saturation was reached. In the present study, by studying the theoretical foundations and research background, five components of environmental, physical, socio-cultural, economic for the Islamic city were determined. Categories and indicators affecting the sustainability of future cities and Islamic symbols from the perspective of experts are: In social indicators (sense of identity, security, and the principle of justice, etc.), in economic components (self-reliant neighborhoods, adequate and quiet housing, as well as citizens' financial ability, etc.), in physical dimensions (combined and pedestrian-oriented uses) And the important and key components in the sustainability of Islamic cities from the perspective of environment (coexistence with nature and adaptation to climate), have been extracted from the perspective of respondents. Based on this, it can be said that the existence of clear and clear perspectives based on principles and values, institutional capacity building, level of authority and decision-making, rules and regulations, institutional integrity and policy integration There are factors that can influence the culture-building principles and values of Iranian-Islamic urban planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - Environmental concerns and green human resource management: A meta-synthesis
Ali Reza Nobari Seyed-Reza Seyedjavadin Taher Roshandel Arbatani Fereydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti -
Open Access Article
255 - Challenges and opportunities for implementing green management practices in Iranian industries: Perspectives from managers
Alireza Nobari Seyedmohammadbagher Mireskandari -
Open Access Article
256 - Definition of the effects of tourism on rural sustainability Case Study : Shemshak Village , Tehran State
H. Lotfi A. moradi E. khalifeh Z. HaghigimotlaghToday with increasingly proccess of population growth and development of poverty in local communities , attention to rural tourism has been mentioned as a source to increase of income and creating of financial welfare , and thus governmental and private policies and inv MoreToday with increasingly proccess of population growth and development of poverty in local communities , attention to rural tourism has been mentioned as a source to increase of income and creating of financial welfare , and thus governmental and private policies and investments has provided structural- functional changes of these rural spaces that has caused to settlemental sustainability / unsustainability . This article attempts to reply to this problem how rural tourism developing as an economical-cultural activity has caused to settlemential sustainability / unsustainability during (1375 – 1390) . Method of resaerch is ( descriptive – analytical ) , and needed data and information also have been gathered in ways of ( field work and librariy) , statistical softwares ( Excel and Spss ) have been useded to analys the data and also to draw the maps , Arc Gis has been utilized . Population include of 362 household that through cochran formol 20 has been selected as a sample , and 20 persons of tourists also has been selected . Tourism by accelerating of enviornmental problems and also creating of dualism and contrast in physical texture of the village (case study ) has caused to enviornmental – ecological and physical unsustainability ; but about social- cultural and economical, tourism has caused to social- cultural and economical sustainability , by increasing of income , decreasing of rural – urban migrations and in conclusion , by heighten of trend to insolubility in rural settlement . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - On the Evaluation of Neighborhood's Social Sustainability (Case Study: Sanglaj and Zarrabkhaneh Neighborhoods of Tehran)
keramatoalah zyari hossein farhadikhah mahmood Arvinbecause of the intangibles nature of social dimension of sustainable development, against environmental and economic dimension, it is less attention. So, the purpose of this research is assessing and comparing the social sustainability indexes in the Sanglaj and Zarabkh Morebecause of the intangibles nature of social dimension of sustainable development, against environmental and economic dimension, it is less attention. So, the purpose of this research is assessing and comparing the social sustainability indexes in the Sanglaj and Zarabkhane neighborhoods of Tehran. The research methodologies in this research is descriptive-analytical, and for data gathering, use Library and survey (questionnaire) methods. In this paper, security and access to services indexes as the independent indexes variable and participation, belonging of place, responsibility and social trust indexes as dependent variables was considered. The statistical population, Sangalaj and Zarabkhaneh neighbirhood Population is that, sample size of the study calculates by Cochran formula, with a confidence level of 95%, 320 people in each both neighborhood in each neighborhood 160 questionnaires randomly distributed. Analysis of data carry out by SPSS software (one sample T-test, Manova and Independent Samples Test) was used. The results show that in the Zarabkhaneh neighborhood indicators a place belongs and participation is not desirable, but the variables responsibility, social trust, security and quality of access to services are desirable, in the neighborhood Sanglaj is the only indicator of a good partnership. Finally, in terms of sustainability indicators evaluated in this study, between Zarabkhaneh neighborhood with average 3.42 and Sanglaj neighborhood whit average 2.75, is a significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Evaluation of Subjective Social Sustainability among Citizens in Hesar-e-Imam Informal Settlement in Hamedan City
Ahad Momen Pour Aliabad Kianoosh ZakerhaghighiUrban Areas’ function as productive center for political and socio-economic development of countries has been faced great challenges in forms of environmental degradation, insecurity, unemployment, lack of housing, traffic congestion and informal settlements. In r MoreUrban Areas’ function as productive center for political and socio-economic development of countries has been faced great challenges in forms of environmental degradation, insecurity, unemployment, lack of housing, traffic congestion and informal settlements. In recent decades, most of metropolitan areas, as a matter of unplanned rural-urban immigration and natural increase of city populations, has been witnessed appearance of informal settlements which can be marked by poverty and malfunction of socio-economic situations. Scrutinizing survey in these settlements shows that level of social sustainability are low in them. The research tries to investigate level of subjective social sustainability in accordance with citizens’ inspirations and conceptions from quality of life perspective. Structural equation modeling is used for evaluation of variables’ relations and analyzing the questionnaires. Results shows that education criteria via two indexes of accessibility to educational services and literacy, hygiene criteria via two indexes of accessibility to hygienic facilities and accessibility to drinking water and sewage facilities, and quality of life criteria via two indexes of accessibility to public transportation and housing quality, are important criteria for social sustainability of the area. Omission of participation criteria from the important ones show that the area needs to be focused by social researchers and practitioners for empowering Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - On the Analysis of Factors Affecting Urban Sustainability (Case Study: Ardabil City)
L. Sayad Y. Gholipour S. Feyzi Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slo More Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slogan in the third millennium and the new paradigm in the most popular theoretical and scientific literature concerning urban development and planning. The objective of this study was to analyze and categorize the factors affecting urban sustainability in Ardebil city from the citizens' points of view as the main beneficiaries of urban planning program. The study was descriptive-analytical research and the method of collecting information was documentary and survey (Field Finder). Population were the citizens of Ardabil city. The sample size included 384 members based on Cochran formula, while there was a two stage cluster sampling method. The 26 items of the research questionnaire were reduced to five factors using exploratory factor analysis. All the five factors explain 68.059 percent of total variance. The first factor (environment design) plays the most important role with specific value 5.636 (21.676% of variance) in setting all effective variance factors on urban sustainability. Then the social factor with specific value 3.707 (14.259% of variance), management factor with specific value 3.695 (14.212% of variance) economic-infrastructural factor with specific value 475/2 (518/9% of variance) environmental factor with specific value 183.2 (8.3394 percent variance) were located at second, third, fourth, and fifth level of factors affecting urban sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - The Zoning of Economic Sustainability Levels of Rural Settlements (Case study: Qom Province)
hadi gharagozlou Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli farhad azizpour hamid jalalianAbstractThe sustainability of rural settlements depends on its economic sustainability. Today, sustainable economic development is considered as the main economic objective in the planning of developing countries. The prerequisite for planning for economic stabilization MoreAbstractThe sustainability of rural settlements depends on its economic sustainability. Today, sustainable economic development is considered as the main economic objective in the planning of developing countries. The prerequisite for planning for economic stabilization of villages is to be aware of their position and ability in this dimension. Accordingly, the present study is to analyze and measure the spatial levels of Economic Sustainability rural settlements located in Qom province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the method of research. The statistical population of the study includes inhabited villages of Qom province. For weighing the indicators of the research the F'ANP model has been utilized; by using the multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method WASPAS indicators were integrated and the final indicator of development was determined. Determining the spatial pattern of sustainable economic development was conducted by cluster analysis method using ARC GIS software; linear regression was utilized to measure the effective factors in the final indicator of development. Besides, EXCEL, SPSS and MATLAB software were used as analysis tools. The results of this study showed rural settlements of Qom province are not in desirable position in terms of economic sustainability. In terms of sustainability, the studied Rural also differed significantly, indicating spatial inequality in terms of economic sustainability levels. Also, the impact of the factors studied was not as high as that. So that some factors have a greater impact on the economic sustainability of the studied rural. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Explanation the Tourism Role in Social Sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township Villages
Esfandiar Mehri Talarposhti eisa pourramzan Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin Atousa BigdeliAs an effective tool, tourism affects the base of rural economy, so it plays crucial role in the social sustainability of villages. This study was conducted to explore the role of tourism in social sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township villages. This study is an applied MoreAs an effective tool, tourism affects the base of rural economy, so it plays crucial role in the social sustainability of villages. This study was conducted to explore the role of tourism in social sustainability of Ghaemshahr Township villages. This study is an applied research used descriptive-analytical method of study. The needed data were obtained through documentary and survey studies. Population of study included all villagers (N = 17216), which 375 of them were selected as sample of study using Cochran formula. The variables of study had quantitative and qualitative nature. Likert scale was used to collect the data and SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. T-test was also used to ensure the normal distribution of the data. Then, correlation and regression and parametric statistical tests such as Pearson correlation test were used. Findings of this study revealed that tourism has an impact on increasing social gap, increasing crime and illegal activities, reducing social cohesion among residents, improving recreational facilities, enhancing tourism facilities and services, enhancing the quality of life of villagers, and promoting the local culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Measurement of social sustainability rate in rural areas Using Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques (Case study: The rural-ship of PaeenVelayat in Kashmar Township)
elyas chehrazi ali Monazzam esmailpour mehdi ghanei zareThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate ut MoreThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate utilization of resources and the creation relationship balance and equitable between human, society and nature, the ideal aim development planners and managers, particularly rural development is to be considered. Rural population our, affect under trends and policy of recent decades transformations has been widely, but evidences show that rural areas tend to move toward instability – particulary social instability. Accordingly with reviewing theories of sustainable development and social sustainability, we designed a questionnaire in order to measure subjective social sustainability criteria of rural areas which its criteria has been valued using Fuzzy Delphi method and subsequently Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used in order to analyze the villages over 1000 residents of PaeenVelayat rural district and in order to achieve this goal we distributed 384 samples among mentioned villagers of rural district. The methodology of research is Descriptive-Analytical. Results show that all social sustainability subjective criteria of Kasrineh and ZendehJan are placed in sustainable cluster, but the village AshratAbad zard are placed at least sustainable cluster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Sustainability Indicators Measurement of Economic Development in Rudbar county
Alireza Darban Astane sirous hojjat bahman Tahmasieconomic sustainability aims to create a fair and balanced growth of human societies, Guaranteeing the enjoyment of individual human beings over time without compromising on biological, natural and cultural resources. The purpose of this study was to measure the sustain Moreeconomic sustainability aims to create a fair and balanced growth of human societies, Guaranteeing the enjoyment of individual human beings over time without compromising on biological, natural and cultural resources. The purpose of this study was to measure the sustainability of rural economic indicators in Rudbar county. This research is an applied and descriptive-analytic research method, the statistical society is comprised of all households living in rural areas of Rudbar county, which according to the census of 2011 has 37,910 populations and 11929 rural households. Since the number of households in the villages of Rudbar did not have the necessary coherence and consistency, the stratified random sampling method was used, which was classified into 4 categories and Finally, the sample size was determined using the Cochran formula of 327 household heads. To analyze the indicators used by the MORRIS model to evaluate the economic sustainability of sample villages, we use the VIKOR model as well as SPSS and Excel software. The results of the research show that none of the 30 indicators used was stable, 6 indicators have a relatively stable status and 24 other indicators are in an unstable state. It also shows the results of economic sustainability measures among 20 sample villages Chichal village with coefficient of 0.18 at the highest level of sustainability and Joben village with coefficient of 0.88 was the most unsustainable village according to economic indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Analyzing the impacts of quality of public space on social sustainability The case of Tajrish neighborhood
Jamileh Tavakolinia Hasan Mohamadyan Saeed ZarghamiThe third millennium as an “era of cities” associated with major challenges, mainly derived by human malicious activities, especially in cities, over the last four decades. This issue has required alternative development approach to sustainability and livabi MoreThe third millennium as an “era of cities” associated with major challenges, mainly derived by human malicious activities, especially in cities, over the last four decades. This issue has required alternative development approach to sustainability and livability of cities. In this context, maintenance and development of high-quality public space widely have been recognized as an effective approach to social sustainability of cities. Accordingly, this paper aimed to conceptualize the role of public space in social sustainability. We calculated sample size based on Daniel’s Formula. One-sample T test, Pearson’s correlation, multi-criteria regression have been used to measuring indicators. Findings revealed that inclusiveness, safety, and meaningful activities are the most important indicators in quality of public space in Tajrish neighborhood. In addition, in effort to evaluating impacts of quality of public space indicators on social sustainability we found that safety and security, access, meaningful activities and inclusiveness indicators have direct impact on quality of public space and comfort and pleasantness have indirect impact on social sustainability of Tajrish neighborhood. It is accomplished with direct and indirect impact of meaningful activities and inclusiveness on social sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Assessment and assessment of tourism sustainability in the villages of tourism destination from the viewpoint of local managers. Case study: Ardebil district
Mostafa Taleshi Kuomars KhodapanahRural tourism, through its links with environmental and natural attractions and local communities, has significant implications for its positive and negative dimensions in human and natural environments. Therefore, in order to overcome the instabilities, principles and MoreRural tourism, through its links with environmental and natural attractions and local communities, has significant implications for its positive and negative dimensions in human and natural environments. Therefore, in order to overcome the instabilities, principles and requirements of sustainable development approach should be applied in policies and executive programs in order to ensure the development of tourism in rural areas, especially the tourist destination villages.The purpose of this study was to measure the sustainability level of tourism development in the villages of tourism destination in Ardebil. For this purpose, using descriptive-analytical method, using the literature of the research, the operations of the concepts and variables in the questions have been addressed and its validity has been determined by the elite survey method It has been evaluated and its reliability has been calculated by 80% Corvenbach Alpha. Then, to assess sustainable tourism development, a network process technique has been used. The statistical population of the study is 11 villages of tourism destination in Ardebil. The results show that tourism development in the studied villages is in the middle level of sustainability. Among the dimensions studied, the economic dimension of tourism has been more stable than dimensions Environmental, social and infrastructure. There is a significant difference between studied villages in terms of sustainability of tourism development and Aladizge village has the highest stability rating and Sarabeh village with the lowest sustainability score. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Explaining Spatial Pattern of Urban Flourishing Indicators in Iran New Approach to Metropolitan Sustainability Study (A Case Study of Tehran Metropolis)
Mansour Rezaali Hossein Hataminejad Hasanali Farajisabokbar Sayed Ali alavi Safar ghaed RahmatiExtended AbstractIntroductionThe prosperity of cities was first presented in UN-Habitat report, 2013, as City Prosperity Index. The report is a response to the multi-dimensional crises occurred in the recent decades in the world. This report defined urban prosperity and MoreExtended AbstractIntroductionThe prosperity of cities was first presented in UN-Habitat report, 2013, as City Prosperity Index. The report is a response to the multi-dimensional crises occurred in the recent decades in the world. This report defined urban prosperity and examined some multi-dimensional indices for that. Instead of evaluation of the one-dimensional economic factors such as production and income, this report has a new approach to evaluation of infrastructures, equality, sustainability, and quality of life. Each dimension contributes to having a better understanding of the urban prosperity. The cities in Iran are also faced with rapid urban growth and unbalanced urban development. The prosperity index can help assess the development and find shortages to devise solutions. Given that any society is consisted of the unique cultures, believes, and characteristics of that society, development in any society appropriate to its own characteristics is different from any other societies. This research attempts to review the criteria and indices of the urban prosperity to explain the pattern in Tehran City and also develop the structure for this city. The purpose of this study also is to tailor the indices to urbanization condition in Iran, particularly metropolis of Tehran. MethodologyResult and Discussion Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - The Investigating of Behavioral Patterns of Urban Space Users in the Social Sustainability of the Environment (Case Study: Business Axis of Sagharizan Neighborhood in Rasht)
Hassan Ahmadi rasool haghbayan Maziyar NabizadehUrban spaces have an important role in in order to meet the material and spiritual needs of citizens as the main pillar of social sustainability. But given that human needs vary in different times and places, and each space has complexity and influential factors, it is MoreUrban spaces have an important role in in order to meet the material and spiritual needs of citizens as the main pillar of social sustainability. But given that human needs vary in different times and places, and each space has complexity and influential factors, it is complicated and difficult to adapt urban space to these needs. Therefore, a basic step in understanding the needs and removing barriers and problems in space is to realize social sustainability, the ethos of users in urban space. In this regard, the present study is aimed at studying the behavior of citizens in the business axis of the city of Rasht, which is descended from the commercial-historical axis in terms of the life quality of the community. This research was carried out with a qualitative approach and the use of behavioral mapping techniques during one week with photographing, counting and daily notes of events in different hours of the day. Findings of the research show that social sustainability has been affected by the domination of creeping motion and burnout, and the space has not responded to the needs of contemporary users, despite the availability of social and physical capital. Therefore, priority management policies, such as functional-based regeneration, focusing on valuable historical and attracting elements of the population, organizing unorganized hangouts and behavioral stations, reducing the moving and fixed obstacles in space And increase the safe and comfortable space for pedestrians to improve the quality of behavior and public activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
268 - Analysis of the Relationship between City and Village in Fars Province for Sustainable Population Balance through Sustainable Tourism Development
Ali Shojaeifard ali shakoor mohammad omidThe relationship between the city and the village in various ways affects the animation, the growth and development of various industries in the village, as well as its internal and external relations. To meet the basic needs of the city and the countryside and create a MoreThe relationship between the city and the village in various ways affects the animation, the growth and development of various industries in the village, as well as its internal and external relations. To meet the basic needs of the city and the countryside and create a balanced and sustainable relationship between the city and its sphere of influence, you can measure population sustainability through sustainable rural development and tourism. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of investigating the relationship between city and village in order to balance a sustainable part of the population through sustainable tourism development and determining the sample size using the Cochran 34 Abadi formula from Shiraz and 363 households from selected villages using SPSS software Statistical analysis of data (cluster analysis and ANOVA test) in two groups of descriptive and analytical to evaluate the extraordinary goal. The results obtained that based on cluster analysis of rural-urban relationship based on improving population sustainability, in the economic dimension, 14.7% of villages are sustainable, in the socio-cultural dimension 14.7% of reports of sustainable villages and in the environmental dimension 9 / 52 There are reports from the village to the environment of a sustainable environment and according to the ANOVA test, rural-urban relations are stronger in sustainable villages, but the results of the ANOVA test in the study of the rural-urban relationship make tourism unsustainable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Identifying Social Sustainability Key Factors in Urban Neighborhoods (Case Study: Ardabil)
maryam hafezifar farah habib hossein zabihiRegardless of Over Three Decades in Emerging the Concept of Sustainable Development, Social Sustainability Compared to Two Other Dimensions of Sustainability: Economic and Environmental, Has Been Neglected, However in Recent Years Related Literature to This Dimension Ha MoreRegardless of Over Three Decades in Emerging the Concept of Sustainable Development, Social Sustainability Compared to Two Other Dimensions of Sustainability: Economic and Environmental, Has Been Neglected, However in Recent Years Related Literature to This Dimension Has Also Expanded. According to The Studies, The Best Scale for Assessing and Measuring the Social Sustainability is Urban Neighborhoods. But the Point Is Multiplicity and Variety of Indicators at Different Levels and Scales with Causal Relationships. Therefore, the Purpose of This Research Is to Analyze the Causal Relationships and Recognize the Key Factors of Social Sustainability in the Scale of Urban Neighborhoods in Ardabil. For this Purpose, Structural Interpretation Analysis Has Been Used in MicMac Software. In Order to Provide the Basic Data of Model Corresponded 47 Indicators, a 47*47 Matrix Was Provided to Experts in Urban Affairs of Ardabil. Sampling Method in This Section, Has been Targeted and Sequential Sampling in a Two- Step Delphi Format. Research Results Show that Social Sustainability Indicators Can Be Divided into four Categories of "Linked", "Effective", "Independent" and "Dependent" Variables. According to the Indirect Relationships Matrix, "Existence of Democratic Institutions", "Political and Institutional Responsibility", "Democracy Level" as "Management and Institutional" Indicators, Have the Most Indirect Influence in the Network of Relationship between Variables and Are Key Variables for Social Sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
270 - Explaining the role of identifying elements in the stability of old and new neighborhoods in Regions 3 and 7 of Isfahan
roya teymouri mehri azani mahdi momeni hamid saberithe present study aims to explain the structural model of the impact of urban identity on the sustainability of old and new neighborhoods of Isfahan's 3rd and 7th districts. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and survey type. It is also considered as Morethe present study aims to explain the structural model of the impact of urban identity on the sustainability of old and new neighborhoods of Isfahan's 3rd and 7th districts. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and survey type. It is also considered as a practical research in addition to its purpose. Field method has been used to collect data on the stability and identity of neighborhoods in the old and new contexts of district 3 and 7. The statistical population of the study is consist of all specialists, thinkers, experts, academics and officials of the old and new contexts of the third and seventh districts of Isfahan. The sample size is 100 people, which was sampled by simple random sampling. In order to model the relationships between the variables, the structural equation model has been used by the partial least squares (PLS) method and using Smart PLS software. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between spatial components of identity (human, natural) and old and new neighborhoods stability of district 3 and 7 with a path coefficient of 0.963 and test statistics 290.311 also with an error level of less than 0.05. Based on this, it was investigated that human components with a correlation coefficient of 0.967 have the greatest impact on the sustainability of neighborhoodsof district 3 and 7 of Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
271 - An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city)
mohammad karim raesi Masuomeh Hafez Rezazadeh Maryam Karimian Bostanithe purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research sp Morethe purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research space and the type of applied research. The results of Friedman test to investigate the impact of Nikshahr city on sustainability dimensions in the Cities of influence (Benet and Spake) showed, the physical and social dimension has the highest score (in Benet) and the environmental dimension has the lowest score in both cities. The results of the study of the impact of Nikshahr city on four dimensions in Benet and Spake cities using binomial test showed that the status of economic, social, physical and environmental dimensions are not the same in both Benet and Spake cities. To analyze the relationship between development dimensions, path analysis test was used, The results show a significant and direct relationship between developmental dimension. Finally, one-sample t-test was used to investigate the effect of factors and forces on reinforcement of small town of Nikshahr in order to enhance regional development. The results showed that the four components studied with a significant level of less than 0.05, are effective in strengthening the city of Nikshahr in order to strengthen the development of the affected areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - Explaining the Tourism Role in Physical and Institutional stability of villages in Amol county-Mazandaran province
maryam gaza Nasrollah Molaei Hashjin eisa pourramzan mohammadreza afshariazadToday, expanding tourism is one of the most important phenomena. In fact, it can be pretended that in the current conditions, tourists rendezvous have changed from major cities and historic areas to rural and natural spaces, which in turn, it has had a significant impac MoreToday, expanding tourism is one of the most important phenomena. In fact, it can be pretended that in the current conditions, tourists rendezvous have changed from major cities and historic areas to rural and natural spaces, which in turn, it has had a significant impact on the development of rural areas. It is a suitable platform for its sustainable development, and on the other hand, it is also a means to stimulate the growth and development of the national economy. What has been considered as the main purpose of this study is the explanation of the role of tourism in the physical and institutional sustainability of villages. This is a case study was done in 85 villages which enjoy tourist resources and attraction in Amol city of Mazandaran province. The present study was applied and also descriptive-analytic research in terms of purpose and also nature, respectively. Also, the method of collecting information was library and field study. Then, the sample size by the Cochran formula was 365 families estimated. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire were verified through a panel consisting of rural development professors by SPSS software was approved through Cronbach's Alpha calculation in terms of infrastructure improvement items and improving the quality of access to services. Pearson test was used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis showed that infrastructure improvement and improving the quality of access to services in the village is related to sustainable rural development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Assessment of sustainable development in rural settlements of Jiroft county
Mohsen aghayarihir Mohamad Zaheri Hossein Karimzadeh reza talebifardthe present study examines the sustainability of development in rural areas of Jiroft and spatial factors affecting it. In terms of purpose, practical and in terms of nature and method of performance, descriptive-analytical. In order to collect the data, 38 sample villa Morethe present study examines the sustainability of development in rural areas of Jiroft and spatial factors affecting it. In terms of purpose, practical and in terms of nature and method of performance, descriptive-analytical. In order to collect the data, 38 sample villages located in Jiroft county were selected. The sample size of the present study consists of two groups of household heads and experts in the field of rural planning. CoCoSo multi-criteria decision making technique and K-cluster analysis have been used to evaluate the sustainability of development in rural settlements and analyze the data obtained from the Household Survey Questionnaire and Friedman test in SPSS software environment was used to analyze the data obtained from the expert questionnaire in relation to the prioritization of spatial factors affecting development sustainability. Villages are ranked and graded according to the value of (Ki) based on CoCoSo technique, It indicates the results of the study of the stability of economic, social, environmental and physical-spatial dimensions of development in the study area, which are in a state of "weak or unstable stability" in the villages of Abbasabad, Darrehroud and Hishinsofla. In contrast, the highest level of stability is related to the villages of Dolatabad Esfahdah, Dolatabad Markazi, Daryacheh, Ferdows, Saghder, Pashtlor and Hosseinabaddehdar. The results of Friedman test indicated that spatial factors such as government investment, rural population, and distance from county center had the most influence on this phenomenon, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - Public Transportation Systems in the Path of Sustainability: Evaluation of Obstacles and Challenges (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Tahmineh Alizadeh Jalal Azimi Amoli Sadreddin Motevalli Rahim SarvarIntroduction: From an environmental point of view, the most common reason for the development of sustainable public transportation systems is to reduce the use of cars and traffic congestion, which, as a result, leads to the improvement of the quality of the environment MoreIntroduction: From an environmental point of view, the most common reason for the development of sustainable public transportation systems is to reduce the use of cars and traffic congestion, which, as a result, leads to the improvement of the quality of the environment.Research aim: Realization of environmental sustainability in public transportation systems requires identification of its challenges and obstacles, which are considered in this study.Methodology: The methodological approach of the research is of a qualitative type based on grounded theory and the required data was obtained from two main sources, which include interviews uploaded in the net space by the managers of the transport and traffic department of Tehran and conducting interviews with experts and professors of the institute. The results were analyzed using the grounded theory method and mean comparison test.Studied Areas: The study area of this research is the metropolis of Tehran.Results: The results obtained in total showed 59 challenges in the form of three areas of policy and planning, investment and financing, and social and behavioral areas, which were categorized in 10 major areas and in the form of a paradigm model. Also, casualties caused by road accidents and the intensification of pollutant emissions were identified as the most important consequences of these challenges.Conclusion: Tehran's urban management should first focus on removing the obstacles related to the policy area and then the investment area in order to start moving towards the development of environmentally friendly transportation. Also, the improvement of causal conditions and underlying conditions can lead Tehran's public transportation to environmental sustainability in the long term. But in the short and medium term, the improvement of mediating conditions and strategic conditions can be effective, and the result of all these processes is the improvement of the consequent conditions and the improvement of the quality of the public transportation system of Tehran metropolis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - Analysis of the effects of third places on promoting social sustainability in Zone 6 of the metropolis of Tehran.
کوثر قبادی Reza valizade ali azar Ali PanahiIntroduction: Third places refer to public spaces in cities that, in addition to their primary functions, are used for recreational, cultural, social, and educational activities. In fact, these spaces are made available to citizens as places with various uses. The main MoreIntroduction: Third places refer to public spaces in cities that, in addition to their primary functions, are used for recreational, cultural, social, and educational activities. In fact, these spaces are made available to citizens as places with various uses. The main goal of creating such places is to provide suitable and sustainable spaces to attract citizens and increase sustainability and social interactions, as well as to create identity for urban spacesResearch aim: The aim of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of third places on the sustainability of urban spaces.Methodology: This research is descriptive-analytical in nature and purposive in terms of objective. The statistical population in this study consists of 30 experts and community leaders, as well as urban managers, who were selected through purposive sampling and analyzed using fuzzy DEMATEL method.Studied Areas: The geographic scope of this study is Region 6 of the Tehran metropolis.Results: : The research results show that social factors in third places have been very effective in promoting sustainability, and the economic factor has also been identified as one of the contributing factors, influenced by other dimensions. On the other hand, the managerial-institutional factor has been of greater importance for improving public spaces and promoting urban sustainability.Conclusion: Attention to the influential and susceptible factors should be considered as a requirement and necessity for urban policymakers and managers in promoting the environmental conditions of public spaces and developing third places.Conclusion: Attention to the influential and susceptible factors should be considered as a requirement and necessity for urban policymakers and managers in promoting the environmental conditions of public spaces and developing third places. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
276 - An assessment of environmental sustainability in urban areas using multi-criteria decision making method - Linear assignment (Case Study: City of Bandar Turkman)
seyed reza Hosseinzadeh reza Khosrobeygi mostafa Istgalday reza ShmsoddiniIntroduction * Responsible Author: &n MoreIntroduction * Responsible Author: srhosseinzadeh@um.ac.ir Demand for urban sustainability and a resilient city is one of the important challenges of humanity in the twenty first century. In other words, today the main world opportunities and challenges are embedded in cities and the rapid growth of urbanization accompanied by industrial activities led to inefficiency of urban infrastructures and an intensive increase of environmental destruction. In the current situation, assessing environmental sustainability is one of the most important tools in the process of planning for sustainable development. This assessment is a type of ecological assessment which would be carried out in different levels in sequential way to present a framework for analyzing and assessing the impacts of plans, strategies and polices on environment in a comprehensive method by offering some recommendations to mitigate environmental pressures. So, providing an appropriate milieu for assessment and measuring environmental sustainability is inevitable in the process of urban development and planning. In this paper by a short review on environmental sustainable literature and measuring methods we tried to present a background and appropriate method for selecting the indicators and assessing the level of sustainability in the different parts of Bandar Turkman city. The main research question is: what is the level of environmental sustainability in the different parts of Bandar Turkman? The findings were assessed using multi-criteria methods and in the structure of linear assignment model. Research Methodology Discovering the main components and indicators of environmental sustainability in a comprehensive and organized way for evaluation and assessing sustainability in urban areas is multi-criteria techniques in the structure of integrated satiability assessment. Such technique helps the users to understand the results of integrated assessment like evaluating policy aims and applying these results in a system and proposed decision making for sustainable development. There are various tools in the field of multi-criteria decision making models which could help planners and policy makers to solve decision difficulties with respect to different and contradict opinions. These models are TOPSIS, SAW, LINMAP, AHP, ANP, ELECTRE, Linear Assignment, PROMETHEE I & II, Compromise Programming and other methods. In the present paper linear assignment was applied which is a concordance subset. Coordinate subset is the third subset of compensatory models in MADM which their output would be a set of ranks so that provide necessary coordination in a most proper way. This subset includes ELECTRE and linear assignment methods. The data and information of the research were collected by reviewing different documental proofs in the related offices. Also a field survey was conducted to gather main research data and information by completing questionnaires in five different zones of the city in classified random sampling. The number of samples (380) was obtained using Cochran method and the head of households were interviewed. The statistical society of different areas was chosen by cluster sampling and based on each zones population. Results The obtained results of using Shannon Entropy for finding out the indicator's weights are shown. In this study zones are showed with Aj and i= 1,2,3,4,5 indicators with xj and j= 1,2,…,26 in tables 1 and 2. Results of Shannon entropy method used to determine the weights of indicators. Also ranking of the zones was done regarding 26 indicators. The stages of linear assignment algorithm and the ranking results of five zones were analyzed based on rank and case limitations. The following table shows the results obtained from the model for five zones. In overall, zone 5 placed in first priority and zones of 1, 4, 3 and 2 have the next priority respectively by their environmental sustainability. Conclusion Environmental sustainability assessment can be as important tool in the process of urban sustainable development to direct development trend towards sustainability and consequently desalinate an optimum perspective of urban environment. Accordingly since many models and techniques were applied in different levels to measure and assess sustainability, however have not been able to reach an appropriate framework for measurement and assessment in urban areas. So, in this context and with regard to the literature review, different indicators were selected which finally the integrated approach and multi-criteria assessment based on linear assignment technique were applied for the present research. Also, the view of different experts was considered to determine the value and importance of criteria, the given weights were incorporated in decision matrix and the final weights of indicators were calculated using Shannon entropy. The result from model application revealed that zone 5(Isteghlal) gained the first priority and zone 1 (Farmandari), 4 (back of eastern rail way), 3 (back of western rail way), and 2 (city center) were placed in the next priorities respectively regarding their environmental sustainability. Also the results from field survey in the different zones of the city of Bandar Turkman showed that the model of linear assignment has the capacity to determine the level of sustainability in different parts of the city and then prioritize these zones. So that direct observation showed that the results from model application correspond with existing conditions in the ground. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Assessing Sustainability Nomadic Settlement Centers: Case Study: Fars and Isfahan Provinces
Amin Dehghani mohsen Adeli SardoieThe thought of Sustainable development in our country's nomadic society results from the efforts researchers and scientists have made in order to organize better living atmosphere for nomads, make proper use of resources and create a balance between man, community and n MoreThe thought of Sustainable development in our country's nomadic society results from the efforts researchers and scientists have made in order to organize better living atmosphere for nomads, make proper use of resources and create a balance between man, community and nature. In the recent years, various problems and challenges before nomadic regions have appealed the attentions toward nomadic and rural regions. The current paper aims at assessing sustainability in nomadic settlement centers. Research type is applied-developmental and research method is documental, analytical and survey. To complete data set, questionnaires were used. Regarding the population of centers understudy, sample size was estimated through Cochran Formula as 372. To assess sustainability dimensions, T. student and stepwise regression were employed by the use of SPSS. Furthermore, to rank settlement centers from the viewpoint of sustainability indexes, TOPSIS model was used. Findings indicate that according to the model points of view, the sustainability of nomadic settlement centers is evaluated lower than average in the studied indexes. Multivariate regression results show that economical dimension with the coefficient of 0.645 has had the most influence on the sustainability of settlement centers. Also, according to results obtained from TOPSIS model, Dasht-e-Bokan Center with the highest point in the economic (0.735) and environmental (0.590) indexes and Golafshan Center with the highest point in the social (0.718) indexes are considered as the most enjoyable centers and Dasht-e-Lar with the lowest point is recognized as the most deprived center. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - Comparative analogy based on environmental sustainability indicators in the structure of the proposed Spatial Master Plan Caspian coastal Cities; examples Sari city and Rasht city
ghadir siami sogand sirjaniSpatial structure of urban spatial processes result in the city. The concept of quality competitiveness , viability , desirability urban environment has a profound impact . Sustainable urban development is a dynamic process and that this process may cause unintended dam MoreSpatial structure of urban spatial processes result in the city. The concept of quality competitiveness , viability , desirability urban environment has a profound impact . Sustainable urban development is a dynamic process and that this process may cause unintended damage irreparable to the environment and man, a comparative study of the spatial structure of Rasht and Sari measures the spatial structure of the environment is stable. The purpose of research, applications -development from the perspective of the research, analytical-descriptive. Collecting information , documents and library studies based on detailed data plan Sari and Rasht Statistical Yearbook 1385 is the country. Research purposes Using SWOT, strengths, weaknesses , opportunities and threats of urban spatial structure has been analyzed . In terms of environmental sustainability indicators Sari comprehensive proposal for the state 's two largest cities , more than the stability of Rasht has led to sustainable . Finally, strategies for achieving a favorable situation presented. Manuscript profile -
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279 - Improving the Ecological Sustainability by Applying the Appropriate Cultivars of Rice: Using AHP
Hadi Moumeni-Helali Amir Ahmadpour Alireza Poursaeed -
Open Access Article
280 - Analysis in the context of globalization and the crisis of identity in cyberspace approach to sustainability science
ابراهیم انصاری سیدعلی هاشمیان فر حسین رضایی امینلوییAt the end of the twentieth century dialectical and contradictory process of globalization and modernity with Positive outlook, humanity witnessed the rise and ethnic conflicts, and identity, nationalist movements, and religious fundamentalisms. The first hypothesis is MoreAt the end of the twentieth century dialectical and contradictory process of globalization and modernity with Positive outlook, humanity witnessed the rise and ethnic conflicts, and identity, nationalist movements, and religious fundamentalisms. The first hypothesis is why in the context of modern life and with the world shrinking due to stresses such communication occurs? The process of globalization and resistance to it and created a virtual space, the various forms of cultural pluralism, ethnic stresses and tensions of ethnic identity. But sense of identity is the most basic human psychological needs and requirements of any social life. Location, time and space are important factors that could traditionally supply the needs of their identity. The process of globalization and cyberspace to transform the traditional framework of identity, the rupture location, time and space are accelerated, So the circle narrowed and limited community abandoned place and spaciously extended, Created a crisis of identity and meaning in different societies, thus the people of various social classes, methods and strategies to solve the crisis in the resort. The objective of this study with regard to this issue, overriding the integrated conceptual framework of linear thinking. A proactive measure to solve the most important problems of our time, including discussion of ethnicity and conflicts arising from the process of globalization and cyberspace. Thus, the second hypothesis of this study to understand global issues and ethnic tensions have arisen. The study was conducted in a theoretical study of a fundamental and theoretical study. In addition to discovering and revealing the relationships between variables of methods of reasoning and rational analysis is used, based on library studies conducted has been developed. Manuscript profile -
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281 - تعیین الگوی کشت بهینه با هدف تصمیمگیری زیست-اقتصادی تحت شرایط عدم حتمیت
Mostafa Mardani Saman Ziaei Alireza Nikouei -
Open Access Article
282 - تجزیه و تحلیل امرژی نظام کشت خیار گلخانهای منطقه سیستان
شیرعلی کوهکن احمد قنبری محمدرضا اصغری پور براتعلی فاخریدستیابی به پایداری کشاورزی و کاهش فشار زیست محیطی دو هدف عمده مدیریت آگرو اکوسیستمها در قرن حاضر است که عدم کارایی مناسب انرژی، آنرا با چالش مواجه نموده است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده یکی از مهمترین نظامهای کشت منطقه سیستان با استفاده از رهیافت تحلیل امرژی ا Moreدستیابی به پایداری کشاورزی و کاهش فشار زیست محیطی دو هدف عمده مدیریت آگرو اکوسیستمها در قرن حاضر است که عدم کارایی مناسب انرژی، آنرا با چالش مواجه نموده است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر تلاش شده یکی از مهمترین نظامهای کشت منطقه سیستان با استفاده از رهیافت تحلیل امرژی ارزیابی گردد. در این مطالعه تمام ورودیها اعم از ورودیهای تجدید پذیر شامل نور خورشید، باد و باران؛ تجدید ناپذیر شامل خاک؛ نهادهها و خدمات خریداری شده شامل ماشینآلات، سوختهای فسیلی، الکتریسیته، پلاستیک، تاسیسات، نیروی انسانی، کودهای شیمیایی نیتروژن، پتاسیم، فسفر، کودهای میکرو و سموم شیمیایی برای تولید خیار گلخانهای سیستان مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد کل امرژی تولید خیار گلخانهای برابر1018×094/1 امژول خورشیدی و بیشترین مقدار امرژی مصرفی به ترتیب مربوط به گازوئیل و نیروی انسانی با 1017×9/7 و 1017×92/1 امژول خورشیدی در هکتار بود. شاخصهای مهم امرژی شامل نسبت عملکرد امرژی، نسبت سرمایهگذاری امرژی، نسبت بارگذاری بر محیط زیست و شاخص پایداری به ترتیب 00/1، 2089، 34/4، 23/0 2 بدست آمد. بنابراین لازم است بهینهسازی مصرف نهادههای پر مصرف، کاهش فشار زیستمحیطی و افزایش پایداری از طریق تغییرات مناسب در ساختمان و سازههای گلخانه و افزایش کارایی مصرف انرژی در داخل گلخانه و نیز افزایش مکانیزاسیون کاشت، داشت و برداشت کشتهای گلخانهای برای توسعه کشت خیار گلخانهای در منطقه سیستان در برنامهریزیهای آتی مد نظر قرار گیرد Manuscript profile -
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283 - پیامدهای فناوری خاک ورزی: دیدگاه پایداری (مورد مطالعه استان فارس، ایران)
صدیقه سمیعی کوروش رضائی مقدمفعالیت­هایی هم­چون کاهش فرسایش خاک، بهبود حاصل­خیزی خاک، افزایش میزان بهره­وری محصولات کشاورزی و میزان درآمد کشاورزی از اقدامات اساسی و زیربنایی در راستای تحقق کشاورزی پایدار در ایران است. هدف اصلی از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثرات فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی بر Moreفعالیت­هایی هم­چون کاهش فرسایش خاک، بهبود حاصل­خیزی خاک، افزایش میزان بهره­وری محصولات کشاورزی و میزان درآمد کشاورزی از اقدامات اساسی و زیربنایی در راستای تحقق کشاورزی پایدار در ایران است. هدف اصلی از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثرات فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی برای کاهش فرسایش خاک، افزایش سطح درآمد کشاورزی و نهایتاً دستیابی به پایداری است. داده­های موردنیاز با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه جمع­آوری گردید. نمونه موردمطالعه شامل 165 کشاورز پذیرنده فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی بوده که از طریق روش نمونه­گیری طبقه­بندی چند مرحله­ای تصادفی از استان فارس انتخاب شدند. طبق یافته­ها، فناوری موردمطالعه موجب بهبود عملکرد، کاهش مصرف آب، انرژی و نهاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش هم­چنین در راستای درک اثرات فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی بر سیستم­های کشاورزی، کمک مؤثری می­نماید. از سوی دیگر، اطلاعات مفیدی برای اجرای برنامه­های مؤثر فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی ارائه می­دهد. یافته­های رگرسیون نشان داد که عملکرد گندم، میزان مصرف سموم شیمیایی، آگاهی از سودمندی­های فناوری و رضایت­مندی از فناوری بی­خاک­ورزی از عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل کشاورزان نسبت به ادامه بکارگیری این فناوری می­گردد. Manuscript profile -
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284 - عاملهای اثرگذار بر همارزشآفرینی دانشجویان جهت نهادینهسازی پایداری در ساختار دانشگاهی (مورد مطالعه: دانشگاههای کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ایران)
فیض اله منوری فرد مسعود برادران بهمن خسروی پورفرایند همارزشآفرینی به عنوان موضوعی مبتنی بر کنش و ارتباط دو طرفهی بین افراد، موضوعی کلیدی در سراسر شبکه مدیریت محسوب میشود. پژوهشهای اخیر نیز، تأکید ویژهای بر تعامل بین افراد در راستای همارزشآفرینی نمودهاند. از این دیدگاه، تعامل بین افراد به سازماندهی منابع و Moreفرایند همارزشآفرینی به عنوان موضوعی مبتنی بر کنش و ارتباط دو طرفهی بین افراد، موضوعی کلیدی در سراسر شبکه مدیریت محسوب میشود. پژوهشهای اخیر نیز، تأکید ویژهای بر تعامل بین افراد در راستای همارزشآفرینی نمودهاند. از این دیدگاه، تعامل بین افراد به سازماندهی منابع و ارزشهای آنها کمک شایان توجّهی میکند. چرا که فرایند تبادل تجارب در فرایندهای تعاملی، زمینهی شناسایی منابع را فراهم کرده و بسترهای لازم را برای همکاری به منظور ایجاد ارزشهای مشترک طی فرایندهای تبادلی فراهم میکند. بر این پایه، هدف پژوهش حاضر که به روش مطالعهی نظاممند و تحلیلهای عمیق از مباحث مربوط به همارزشآفرینی انجام شد، شناسایی انگیزانندههای همارزشآفرینی در میان دانشجویان دانشگاههای کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ایران جهت نهادینهسازی پایداری بود. یافتههای حاصل از آمار توصیفی نشان داد که سطح همارزشآفرینی دانشجویان با اعضای هیات علمی در زمینه پایداری، در حد متوسط است (60/43 درصد از دانشجویان). یافتههای تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی نشان داد که هفت عامل کیفیت تدریس با مقدار ویژه 479/9، حمایت مدیریتی با مقدار ویژه 762/6، سرمایه اجتماعی با مقدار ویژه 623/6، اعتماد به اعضای هیأت علمی با مقدار ویژه 787/4، خودکارآمدی با مقدار ویژه 552/4، ارزشهای حمایت زیستمحیطی با مقدار ویژه 517/4، و زیرساختهای فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات با مقدار ویژه 280/3 در مجموع 74/77 درصد از کل واریانس همارزشآفرینی دانشجویان با اعضای هیات علمی در جهت پایداری تبیین میکنند. Manuscript profile -
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285 - چهارچوبی برای ارزیابی پایداری کسب و کارهای کشاورزی در مناطق روستایی
سنور احمدی حسین کوهستانی Hossein Yadavar حسین شعبانعلی فمی آزاد احمدیپژوهش حاضر ضمن تاکید بر جنبه کاربردی با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی و فن پیمایشی دلفی، ابتداٌ در پی دستیابی به یک چارچوب مفهومی در تعیین مولفهها و معیارها و شاخصهای سنجش کارافرینی پایدار در کشاورزی است و در نهایت برآن است تا مجموعه شاخصهای معرف عنصر پایداری در بین فعالیتهای Moreپژوهش حاضر ضمن تاکید بر جنبه کاربردی با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی و فن پیمایشی دلفی، ابتداٌ در پی دستیابی به یک چارچوب مفهومی در تعیین مولفهها و معیارها و شاخصهای سنجش کارافرینی پایدار در کشاورزی است و در نهایت برآن است تا مجموعه شاخصهای معرف عنصر پایداری در بین فعالیتهای کشاورزی کارآفرینی در روستاهای استان کردستان را مورد بررسی و تحلیل قرار دهد. نمونههای مورد بررسی در این پژوهش شامل 30 از کارآفرینان،کارشناسان، اساتید دانشگاه و صاحب نظران در سطح استان کردستان است. بنابراین در پی دستیابی به اهداف تحقیق بر اساس روشهای تحلیل تصمیم گیری چند معیاره (TOPSIS , Anthoropy) تحلیل شاخصهای کارافرینی پایدار در کشاورزی انجام گرفته است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده است که در بعد اجتماعی، کاهش مهاجرت روستائیان با امتیاز 0.64 و شاخصهای افزایش امنیت و رفاه اجتماعی، کاهش بیکاری فصلی و دایمی، کاهش احساس محرومیت و فقر و دستیابی همگانی به اطلاعات نوین با امتیاز 0.50 و در بعد پایداری زیست محیطی کارآفرینی کشاورزی، شاخصهای استفاده از کودهای سبز و بیولوژیک جهت ازدیاد تولید با امتیاز 0.59، استفاده از روشهای مبارزه بیولوژیک برای دفع آفات با امتیاز 0.45 و شاخص تثبیت کربن در خاک و استفاده از سوخت-های پاک با امتیاز 0.44 و در بعد اقتصادی سرمایه گذاری در کارهای تولیدی با امتیاز 0.68، استفاده از نوآوریها و تجهیزات جدید کشاورزی با امتیاز 0.49 و تنوع محصولات کشاورزی با امتیاز 0.46 از مهمترین شاخص هایی هستند که جهت توسعه پایداری فعالیت های کارآفرینی کشاورزی، بایستی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
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286 - ارزیابی چرخه حیات تولید میوه زیتون در اندازه های مختلف باغ و سامانه های کشت ارگانیک و رایج
سعید فیروزی امیرحسین بازیارهدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثرات زیست­محیطی تولید میوه زیتون در اندازه­های مختلف باغ و تحت شرایط کشت ارگانیک و معمول، با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات در شمال ایران بود. داده­های تحقیق با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه رو در رو از 305 باغدار زیتون در منطقه مور Moreهدف از این تحقیق، بررسی اثرات زیست­محیطی تولید میوه زیتون در اندازه­های مختلف باغ و تحت شرایط کشت ارگانیک و معمول، با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات در شمال ایران بود. داده­های تحقیق با استفاده از پرسشنامه و مصاحبه رو در رو از 305 باغدار زیتون در منطقه مورد مطالعه گرد­آوری شدند. شش گروه تاثیر شامل تخلیه منابع سوخت­های فسیلی، گرمایش جهانی، اسیدیفیکاسیون، اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی، تخلیه منابع فسفات و پتاس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. یک تن میوه زیتون به عنوان واحد عملکردی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که باغ­های زیتون بزرگ (بزرگتر از 5 هکتار) در تمامی گروه­های تاثیر، بیشترین اثرات زیست­محیطی را در پی داشتند. در مجموع، اسیدیفیکاسیون، اوتریفیکاسیون خشکی و تخلیه منابع فسفات، به ترتیب با شاخص­های نهایی 58/1، 68/2 و 12/3 ، مهمترین گروه­های تاثیر بودند. نتایج تحقیق همچنین نشان داد باغ­های زیتون ارگانیک از نظر زیست­محیطی نسبت به باغ­های معمول، عملکرد زیست­محیطی بهتری داشتند. جایگزینی بخشی از کودهای شیمیایی مورد استفاده بخصوص در باغ­های بزرگ با انواع کودهای بیولوژیک نظیر کودهای دامی برای تغذیه درختان زیتون پیشنهاد شد. همچنین، لازم است یک راهبرد منطقه­ای جهت حرکت به سوی سامانه کشت تلفیقی مناسب طراحی گردد تا اثرات زیست­محیطی تولید میوه زیتون در باغ­های بزرگ منطقه مورد مطالعه کاهش یابد. Manuscript profile -
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287 - نقش فعالیت های غیرزراعی در پایداری نظام های بهره برداری دهقانی: مورد مطالعه شهرستان اسکو
حسین شعبانعلی فمی محمد شوکتی آمقانی مسلم سواری مهناز محمد زاده نصرآبادی مهسا معتقداین تحقیق با هدف بررسی نقش فعالیت­های غیرزراعی بر پایداری نظام­های بهره­برداری دهقانی در شهرستان اسکو انجام شد. روش تحقیق توصیفی- همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری این مطالعه شامل کشاورزان فعال در نظام بهره­برداری دهقانی در شهرستان اسکو (N = 1400) بودند که از بین Moreاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی نقش فعالیت­های غیرزراعی بر پایداری نظام­های بهره­برداری دهقانی در شهرستان اسکو انجام شد. روش تحقیق توصیفی- همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری این مطالعه شامل کشاورزان فعال در نظام بهره­برداری دهقانی در شهرستان اسکو (N = 1400) بودند که از بین آنها 300 نفر با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. برای دستیابی به نمونه­ها جهت مصاحبه از روش نمونه­گیری طبقه­ای با انتساب متناسب استفاده شد. داده­ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS win18 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. ابزار اصلی جمع­آوری داده­ها پرسشنامه بود که اعتبار آن توسط کارشناسان تأیید شد. پایایی مقیاس­های اصلی این ابزار براساس ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، بین 82/0 تا 87/0 بود،که تایید شدند. نتایج حاصل از سه بعد پایداری نشان داد که 3/29 درصد واحدهای بهره­برداری مورد مطالعه ناپایدار ، 7/41 درصد نیمه پایدار و 9/28 درصد پایدار بودند. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که متغیرهای تعداد شاغلان در بخش غیرزراعی، استفاده از درآمد غیرزراعی در بخش کشاورزی و درآمد خانوار از فعالیت­های غیرزراعی به میزان 2/54 درصد از تغییرات سطح پایداری در نظام­های بهره­برداری دهقانی را تبیین کردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
288 - تأثیر جهتگیری پایداری و دانش پایداری پیشین بر قصد کارآفرینی پایدار دانشجویان کشاورزی
سعید کریمی فاطمه سپهوندهدف از این مطالعه بررسی مدل توسعه یافته نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده در حوزهی کارآفرینی پایدار و شناسایی مهمترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر قصد کارآفرینی پایدار بود. بهویژه، این مطالعه به دنبال توسعه نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده از طریق افزودن جهتگیری پایداری و دانش پاید Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی مدل توسعه یافته نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده در حوزهی کارآفرینی پایدار و شناسایی مهمترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر قصد کارآفرینی پایدار بود. بهویژه، این مطالعه به دنبال توسعه نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده از طریق افزودن جهتگیری پایداری و دانش پایداری پیشین بود. دادهها از 211 دانشجوی کشاورزی ایران گردآوری شد. نتایج مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که قصد کارآفرینانه پایدار با نگرش نسبت به کارآفرینی پایدار و کنترل رفتاری درک شده رابطه مثبت و معنیداری دارد اما رابطه بین هنجارهای ذهنی و قصد کارآفرینانه پایدار معنیدار نبود. تجزیه و تحلیل میانجی هم نشان داد که جهتگیری پایداری و دانش پیشین پایداری بر قصد کارآفرینی پایدار به طور غیرمستقیم از طریق نگرش نسبت به کارآفرینی پایدار و کنترل رفتاری درک شده تأثیر داشته است. به عنوان یک پیشنهاد کاربردی میتوان گفت آموزشگرانی که به دنبال ترویج راهاندازی کسب و کارهای پایدار هستند، باید نه تنها به نقش محوری نگرش نسبت به کارآفرینی پایدار و کنترل رفتاری درک شده فراگیران توجه کنند بلکه همچنین باید جهتگیری پایداری و دانش پایداری پیشین آنها را در نظر بگیرند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
289 - واکاوی پارادایمی مدیریت محیط زیست در ایران
مهسا فاطمی کورش رضائی مقدم ماتیس واکرناگلچالشها و تغییرات محیطزیستی مهمی بهویژه در حوزه توسعه کشاورزی در ایران وجود دارد. عمده این مسائل به دوران پس از اصلاحات ارضی و پیامدهای نوسازی در کشاورزی محسوب میشود. هدف اصلی از مطالعه حاضر، واکاوی پارادایمی مدیریت محیطزیست در ایران با تأکید بر بخش کشاورزی است. این Moreچالشها و تغییرات محیطزیستی مهمی بهویژه در حوزه توسعه کشاورزی در ایران وجود دارد. عمده این مسائل به دوران پس از اصلاحات ارضی و پیامدهای نوسازی در کشاورزی محسوب میشود. هدف اصلی از مطالعه حاضر، واکاوی پارادایمی مدیریت محیطزیست در ایران با تأکید بر بخش کشاورزی است. این پژوهش با استفاده از تحلیل اسنادی، مطالعه و بررسی مستندات و پایگاههای مختلف دادهای در سراسر جهان با بهرهگیری از تکنیک تحلیل محتوا انجام گرفت. از اینرو، دیدگاههای پارادایمی متنوع و همچنین استراتژیهای متفاوتی که در حیطه مدیریت محیطزیست در سطح دنیا مطرح شده است، مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفت. سپس ضمن مروری جامع و عمیق بر روند تصویب و اجرای قوانین، دستورالعملها، ضوابط و اقدامات مختلف در زمینه مدیریت محیطزیست، ایران از لحاظ بحث مدیریت محیطزیستی در گذر زمان به سه فاز مختلف شامل اشتیاق نسبت به دستاوردهای نوسازی (1962-1974)؛ آغاز نگرانیها نسبت به مسائل محیطزیستی (1974-2005)؛ و بحران مدیریت محیطزیست (2005 تاکنون) تقسیم شد. در این پژوهش تلاش شده است تا مهمترین مشکلات ناپایداری محیطزیست و همچنین علل عدم موفقیت سیاستهای کلان در این حوزه در سه دوره زمانی مدنظر مورد بحث قرار گیرند. یافتهها نشان داد که دیدگاه فکری نامناسبی در مدیریت محیطزیست ایران حاکم است و از سوی دیگر همچنین ناسازگاری و ناهماهنگی بین دیدگاه فکری و استراتژیهای بکار گرفته شده در دورههای زمانی مختلف، مشاهده میشود. طبق یافتهها، دیدگاه غالب فکری در زمینه مدیریت محیط زیست در گذر زمان، دیدگاه افراطی اقتصادی با تأکید زیاد بر فاکتورهای اقتصادی و نادیده شمردن مسائل محیط زیستی بوده است. بنابراین، شاهد افزایش تخریبهای زیستمحیطی بوده و در مقابل به جای سازماندهی فعالیتهای نظاممند مشارکتی، صرفاً یک سری اقدامات پراکنده و مجزا از سوی نهادهای مختلف انجام گرفته است. در نهایت، راهکار بنیادین در راستای مدیریت پایدار محیطزیست در حوزه کشاورزی، تغییر دیدگاه پارادایمی از تکنولوژیگرایی به سوی زیستبومگرایی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
290 - Application of Linear and Non-linear Programming Model to Assess the Sustainability of Water Resources in Agricultural Patterns
Seyed Abolghasem Mortazavi Reza Hezareh Sina Ahmadi Kaliji Samira Shayan MehrWater resources sustainability is one of the major issues in the agricultural sustainability. In this study sustainability of water resources has been investigated by use of linear and non-linear models in six models based on optimal utilization of water resources in th MoreWater resources sustainability is one of the major issues in the agricultural sustainability. In this study sustainability of water resources has been investigated by use of linear and non-linear models in six models based on optimal utilization of water resources in the north parts farms of Iran because of incorrect use of agricultural water resources, from 2011 to 2012. Also “gross margin per a unit of water consumption” and “employment per a unit of water consumption” are used as indicators for assessing the sustainability of cropping patterns. The results show that cropping pattern of fractional goal programming (FGP) model has been near to current situation and has shown realistic conditions according to expertise and advantage of this area in cultivation of certain crops. So the FGP model has desirability in each of indicators than other five models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
291 - The Sustainability Practices among Dairy Farmers: The Case of Johor
Zainab Mohd Karim Nalini Arumugam Boniface BonaventureSustainability concept in agriculture is becoming widespread throughout industries in many fields even in crop production, livestock production and etc. Sustainable in agriculture is believed can give present and future good benefit to the farmers and society. However, MoreSustainability concept in agriculture is becoming widespread throughout industries in many fields even in crop production, livestock production and etc. Sustainable in agriculture is believed can give present and future good benefit to the farmers and society. However, in dairy sector in Malaysia, the sustainability concepts and practices seems not fully aware by the farmers which result in low self- sufficiency level in milk production. The self-sufficiency level in Malaysia is merely 6% and this lead to the urgency of importing more milk from other countries such as Australia, Holland and others. This study attempts to describe the descriptive thoughts on sustainability among Malaysian dairy farmers as well as describing the socio economic characteristics of the dairy farmers which will be the indicator of adoption of sustainability practices among dairy farmers. The preliminary data was collected using questionnaires through conducting face to face interviews with 50 dairy farmers from Johor. The Likert-type scale was employed to determine the practices that adopted by the dairy farmers. The gathered data was analysed using SPSS. The findings indicated that the dairy farmers had a higher understanding about the farm sustainability aspect which gives the highest mean score of 4.41. The second highest mean score is the ecological aspect which is about 4.13. The mean score for economic aspect shows the mean score about 4.00. The social aspect of sustainability revealed the lowest mean score which was about 3.46. The results indicated that the farmers favour sustainable practice is farm sustainability system. Sustainability in dairy farming sector in Malaysia can be achieved if the three element of sustainability which is environmental, economic and social aspect were implemented and adopted in this sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
292 - Major Barriers to Application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) Technologies in Sustainability of Livestock Units
Marzieh Panahzadeh Parikhani Fatemeh Razzaghi Borkhani Hossein Shabanali Fami Naser Motiee Abotaleb HosseinpoorThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the major barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in sustainability of livestock by ranchers of Meshkinshahr. A sample of 120 farmers was selected by using proportional random sampling MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the major barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in sustainability of livestock by ranchers of Meshkinshahr. A sample of 120 farmers was selected by using proportional random sampling method. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire. Validity of questionnaire was determined through Agricultural Jihad exports of Meshkinshahr County and some faculty members at University of Tehran, Department of Agricultural Management and Development. Cronbach’s alpha was used to estimate the reliability. The reliability was found to be acceptable. The results of Factor Analysis showed that infrastructure barriers, informational- educational barriers, institutional-support barriers, personal barriers, economical barriers were the five barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in livestock unites. These factors explained 67.23 percent of the total variance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
293 - Innovation in the Agro-Food Sector: from Technical Innovation-Centred Approaches to Sustainability Transition Processes
حمید البیلالیInnovation is a complex phenomenon and process involving translation of knowledge into new techniques, products, services. It is considered crucial for sustainable agriculture development and achievement of long-term food security. The review describes the diversity of MoreInnovation is a complex phenomenon and process involving translation of knowledge into new techniques, products, services. It is considered crucial for sustainable agriculture development and achievement of long-term food security. The review describes the diversity of innovation and relates it to agro-food sector. It also sheds light on different innovation models and explores their contribution to framing agro-food sustainability transitions. There are many variations in the use of the term ‘innovation’. Typical distinctions encountered in the literature are incremental vs. radical innovation and product vs. process vs. organizational innovation. A significant feature of the development of modern innovation thinking has been a gradual broadening of innovation scope as well as more attention to sustainability. The scope of innovation was broadened to include soft (social/organisation) innovations besides hard/technical ones. In fact, the interest has shifted from technological innovation to disruptive niche innovations fundamental for socio-technical transitions. Moreover, as a recognition of system complexity, frameworks such as the Innovation systems and the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) were developed and promoted. However, despite positive innovation benefits, relationship between innovation and sustainability in the agro-food arena is far from straightforward. Therefore, focus is gradually moving from innovation process to its impacts in terms of sustainability and its contribution to sustainability transitions in agriculture and food systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
294 - Sustainability Test of Iran’s Agricultural Balance Trade
Mohsen Salehi Komroudi Esmaeil Pishbahar Hossein RaheliFrom the perspective of new growth models and new international trade theories, both exports and imports play an important role in a dynamic economy. Economically, we cannot merely emphasize on a positive trade balance and we ignore the benefits of imports, and also we MoreFrom the perspective of new growth models and new international trade theories, both exports and imports play an important role in a dynamic economy. Economically, we cannot merely emphasize on a positive trade balance and we ignore the benefits of imports, and also we cannot advise negative trade balance. But the main concern of policy makers about international trade should be making stability and equilibrium of trade balance in the long run. Especially, deficit agricultural trade balance can be a great danger for food security. Hence, the main objective of this study was to test the sustainability of Iran's agricultural trade balance during the period 1961-2011 (1340-1390). For this purpose, After confirming the existence of cointegration by Gregory-Hansen Test, Hasted and Arize models was estimated with OLS, FMOLS and DOLS methods and it released we can verify sustainability of agricultural trade balance during the period of the study. Also, the estimation of error correction model showed that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between import and export in long-run while in short-run export only cause import in agriculture sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
295 - Searching on a Model for Sustainable Agricultural Higher Education Center (SAHEC)
Reza MovahediThis research has used a mixed methodology with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study population included three groups; the post-graduate students, professors and academic staff at two universities, Khouzestan Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources Un MoreThis research has used a mixed methodology with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study population included three groups; the post-graduate students, professors and academic staff at two universities, Khouzestan Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University and Bu-Ali Sina University. For collecting quantitative data among 320 students, 175 were selected using random sampling and based on the Morgan table. In order to collect qualitative data, 41 professors and academic staff of the two universities were selected based on a criterion purposeful sampling. Gathering tool in quantitative part was a questionnaire including three-parts. The questionnaire's reliability was tested by Cronbach's Alpha technique and the total mean reliability of scales was 84% (α=0.84). For collecting qualitative data, semi-structured interviews were used. A summarized content analysis was used in order to analyze the interviews' data. Quantitative data analysis was conducted in two parts: descriptive and analytical. Results showed that a sustainable agricultural higher education needs a series of factors, characteristics and conditions. These factors at economic, social, cultural, and environmental dimensions include: financial and credit, employment and entrepreneurship, the agricultural productivity, social issues, building culture, and environmental awareness.Results also indicated that a sustainable university should address four elements of education, research, management and planning, and outreach programs in a pool of two-way communication between these elements and the real needs of society and environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
296 - Investigating the impact of green human resources management on organizational sustainability with the mediating role of innovation and empowerment in social security organization of Yazd province
Asghar Karimi khorramiBackground and purpose: Promoting organizational sustainability is an important issue, and examining the factors that affect this issue is the concern of today's managers. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of green human resources mana MoreBackground and purpose: Promoting organizational sustainability is an important issue, and examining the factors that affect this issue is the concern of today's managers. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of green human resources management on organizational sustainability with the mediating role of innovation and empowerment in social security organization of Yazd province. Research method: The present study is a descriptive-survey of correlational type. The statistical population was 990 employees of social security organization of Yazd province, based on Cochran's formula, 277 people were selected as the sample size. The content validity of the questionnaires and their reliability were confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that green human resource management has an effect on organizational sustainability with a path coefficient of 0.364, and innovation and empowerment variables play a mediating role in the effect of green human resource management on organizational sustainability. Conclusion: The application of green human resources management in the social security organization can be implemented, and aspects such as innovation and employee empowerment should also be considered in order to achieve organizational sustainability in the workplace. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
297 - Ranking Agility Factors in Project-Oriented Organizations Based on Project Management critical success factors and Sustainability Factors Applying Two-Step QFD: Case Study: Large projects of Isfahan Municipality
Ahmadreza Tahanian Hasan Haleh Farhad Etebari Behnam VahdaniIn the modern world of business which is based on competing and delivering the best performance to achieve the organizational goals. The commercial growth development and natural resources usage can’t be gained without considering their effects. Thus, in line with MoreIn the modern world of business which is based on competing and delivering the best performance to achieve the organizational goals. The commercial growth development and natural resources usage can’t be gained without considering their effects. Thus, in line with the sustainable development principles, project-oriented organizations aim to be successful in project management, gain the profit and satisfy the customers. Profitability and be successful in the project performance are based on creating value for the customers, adapting to market changes, environmental constraints and to be responsive to the customers’ needs. Therefore, to successful implementation of the project management in parallel with the sustainability principles will be possible by creating the agility parameters. For this purpose, the current study, has provided an approach to identify and rank the agility factors in project-oriented organizations, based on project management critical success factors and sustainability factors, applying quality function deployment. To this end, firstly, project management critical success factors and then, agility and sustainability factors in project-oriented organizations, have been identified. Thereafter, the importance of the project management critical success factors and agility factors have been evaluated from the Isfahan Municipality’s experts’ and academia experts’ viewpoints. Afterward, Agility factors’ weights in project-oriented organizations have been calculated based on the project management critical success factors using quality fuction deployment. Finally, on the basis of the calculated weights, agility factors in project oriented organizations have been ranked. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
298 - Explain a model for evaluating supply chain sustainability in the oil and gas industry based on the structural equation model
amirreza keyghobadiThe concept of supply chain sustainability as a new and very influential discussion has recently attracted the attention of researchers in the field of supply chain management. This concept is of particular importance in the oil and gas industry due to its nature and th MoreThe concept of supply chain sustainability as a new and very influential discussion has recently attracted the attention of researchers in the field of supply chain management. This concept is of particular importance in the oil and gas industry due to its nature and the risks and risks of sustainability related to this industry, especially environmental hazards. In this regard, in this study we seek to explain the model of sustainable supply chain evaluation based on the structural equation model. The statistical population of the study is all companies active in the oil and gas industry, of which 252 companies were selected as a sample by available sampling method and finally 240 questionnaires were returned by acceptable method. The results of testing the hypotheses of this study using structural equations and LISREL software, indicated that the variables of external factors, commitment to sustainability and management readiness affect sustainable supply chain management in the oil and gas industry, also considering the analysis of the results The impact of these factors has also been compared, which could be a new achievement in the country's oil and gas industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
299 - Sustainable Human Resource Management in Power Industry
Mohammad Tafarrojkhah Majid Bagerzadeh Soleyman IranzadehThe purpose of the present study is to develop a human resource management model with a sustainable organizational development approach. This research was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach using Grounded theory research method. The statistical populat MoreThe purpose of the present study is to develop a human resource management model with a sustainable organizational development approach. This research was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach using Grounded theory research method. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers working in the electrical industry and were selected through theoretical and purposeful sampling (judgment and quota). Sample size was determined by theoretical saturation criterion, 17 people. Atlas TI software was used to analyze the data from the interviews and coding. Data analysis was done in three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding and based on this, a qualitative research model was presented. findings of the research resulted in the extraction of 373 open source codes, 80concepts and 23categories, which were in the paradigm model including axial categories (sustainable working systems, equilibrium, autonomy and Human resource management systems), causal conditions (organizational and community value and management system, necessity of Maintain and Human Resource Development and Socio-Economic Responsibility and legal Responsibility), Strategies (Creating and Developing a Common Idea, Process Approach, Selection and Maintenance and Awareness), Governing Background (Sustainability Insights, Organizational Capability, Strategic Alignment and Organizational Capital), and ultimately Outcomes (Economic superiority Performance, superior social performance, and superior environmental performance). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
300 - Compilation of Green Management Model and Sustainable Development with the Mediating Role of Environmental Attitude in Iran Football Federation
Seyed Amin Dehghan Banadaki Mohammad Hassan peymanfarThe sports industry has a tremendous impact on the natural environment; Therefore, sports organizations should use appropriate management methods to sustain the environment. The aim of the current research is to evaluate the relationship and present the model of green m MoreThe sports industry has a tremendous impact on the natural environment; Therefore, sports organizations should use appropriate management methods to sustain the environment. The aim of the current research is to evaluate the relationship and present the model of green management and sustainable development with the mediating role of employees' attitudes towards the environment in the Iranian Football Federation. The research method was a descriptive correlation, carried out by the field method. The statistical population of the research included all managers and employees of the Iranian Football Federation in the number of 157 people, of which 111 people cooperated in this study. Standard questionnaires were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was checked and confirmed by expert professors, and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that green management has a positive and significant effect on sustainable development, and green management has a positive and significant effect on employees' attitudes towards the environment. Also, employees' attitude towards the environment positively and significantly affects sustainable development. The results indicate that due to the attractiveness of football and its countless fans, the Islamic Republic of Iran Football Federation can play a significant role in sustainable development and environmental protection by implementing green management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
301 - A Pattern for Sustainable Development from Perspective of Stakeholders Theory
Alireza Tangestani kamran feizi Jahanyar Bamdad Soufi Maryam Tangestani Seyed Mohammad Ali Khatami Firouzabadi -
Open Access Article
302 - System Dynamics Modeling and Simulation to Analyze the Role of Solar Energy in Secure Access to Sustainability
Maryam Ebrahimi Nazanin Pilevari -
Open Access Article
303 - The sustainable supply chain of CO2 emissions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
sina abbasi Maryam Daneshmand-Mehr Armin Ghane Kanafi -
Open Access Article
304 - The importance of benefiting from sustainable models in schools in order to create a sense of security in students (Case study: analysis of high schools in District 22 of Tehran(
Hamed Sarafian Niloofar nikghadamToday, due to rapid social and cultural changes in societies, the issue of security is one of the main concerns of families.Schools are considered as the primary and influential center in children's social interactions, so these places should be safe enough for students MoreToday, due to rapid social and cultural changes in societies, the issue of security is one of the main concerns of families.Schools are considered as the primary and influential center in children's social interactions, so these places should be safe enough for students to exchange information and participate in peace with each other. The characteristics and qualities of the elements that make up learning environments are effective in shaping different behaviors. Spaces that have suitable conditions for physical, mental and social development of individuals have a favorable architecture in terms of structure.In recent years, sustainable architectural models have sought to improve the quality of life by creating environmental and psychological security.In recent years, sustainable architectural models with the creation of environmental and psychological security seeks to improve the quality of life.According to sustainable architecture models in order to create a sense of security from the students' point of view. Accordingly, all first secondary schools in District 22 of Tehran, which included 27 schools, were evaluated in 1398.Research method is a survey-analysis that is used to collect information from field studies, questionnaires and software. In the field section,350 questionnaires based on Likert scale were distributed in schools and in the analytical section, data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical method (t) in the form of written tables.The results show that the physical design status of the architecture, indoor air quality, optimization of consumption of various basic environmental resources are below average and the variables of building location,green space are moderate.Safety is one of the most important building blocks in any space, which plays an important role in attracting people and understanding the space by them. The need for safety is one of the most basic human needs, and until this need is not met, he cannot have a good impression of the space he is in. In today's societies, the important point is to maintain order and safety in order to create a suitable environment for the life of teenagers. Therefore, schools, as educational and cultural centers, need conscious design in order to attract students' attention to the space. Safety is one of the most important bases of today's societies.Sustainable architecture based on its primary building principles as a type of design in creating spaces with the aim of creating space based on environmentally friendly principles psychologically can be effective in communicating with the space user and creating positive imagery and ultimately strengthening the sense of safety. be Environmental issues are an important fact all over the world, which has received serious attention and is on the agenda of the world in contemporary society; Because this fact has effectively improved the quality of life of the human race, although there is a need for proper environmental education, so it can be said that the design of architectural spaces and the creation of schools with regard to sustainability components not only lead to the education of environmentalists. It is lived, but it also affects the creation of behavioral stability and peace in people's thoughts and safety in their relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
305 - The Role of Quality of Life in Achieving Social Sustainability Design Principles in Residential Complexes (Case Study: Ghadir Residential Complex in Arak)
Mohammad Salehi Marzyjarani Mahmoud Teimoury Mehrdad MehrjooThe importance of quality of life studies in social policies and its role is an effective tool for urban management and planning. This research aims to evaluate the quality of life to achieve the principles of social sustainability design of residential complexes. The p MoreThe importance of quality of life studies in social policies and its role is an effective tool for urban management and planning. This research aims to evaluate the quality of life to achieve the principles of social sustainability design of residential complexes. The present research is quantitative in terms of approach.The research method is quantitative and case sample method. A questionnaire was used to collect information. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaires was 0.843 statistical population of the present study is the residents of the Ghadir Arak residential complex. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula of 280 people. The data were analyzed using Spss software and Kolmogorov Smirnov parametric statistical tests, Pearson correlation about the measurement and evaluation of the quality of life indicators. The findings of the present research indicate that the quality of life in residential complexes is directly related to the participation of residents in socio-cultural contexts, a sense of belonging to mental dimensions, and physical and environmental contexts to objective dimensions. Therefore, the quality of life in the mental, social and cultural dimensions and sense of belonging is higher than in the objective, physical, and environmental dimensions. Components such as socio-cultural, physical, environmental, and sense of belonging are reliable tools for measuring the quality of life. According to the lifestyle of citizens, they can be used to achieve the principles of social sustainability design in residential complexes such as the Ghadir Arak Complex Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
306 - The Impact of Human Development on Environmental Sustainability in Selected Oil Exporting Countries
Mahshad Arab Marjan Damankeshideh Ahmad Jafari Samimi Alireza Daghighi Asli Ali Esmaeilzadeh MaghariIn the broadest sense, sustainability means the ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time. To maintain the sustainability and sustainable development of society, we need to meet the demands of today's generation without compromising the needs of fu MoreIn the broadest sense, sustainability means the ability to maintain or support a process continuously over time. To maintain the sustainability and sustainable development of society, we need to meet the demands of today's generation without compromising the needs of future generations. Sustainability has three dimensions: economic, social and environmental, the latter having the most decisive weight. In the 2000s and 2010s, multiple experimental studies were conducted on sustainability employing an experimental model based on the Kuznets curve. Moreover, in recent years, the two concepts of human development and sustainability have been extensively addressed in the development literature. Various studies have considered human beings as a substantial factor in the development of different societies. The composite index of human development has various dimensions that may affect sustainability and specifically environmental sustainability. Plus, exorbitant oil revenues in oil-producing and exporting countries have had a significant impact on human development in these countries. Therefore, we can classify these countries into three groups of oil-rich countries with high human development, oil-rich countries with medium human development and oil-rich countries with low human development. In this paper, to investigate the impact of the human development index in 35 major oil-exporting countries around the globe, we applied the panel data method and Kuznets function for the data from 2010 to 2019. The result of the econometric model estimation demonstrates that the greater the human development index, the higher the environmental sustainability in these countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
307 - The Effect of Unusual Operating Cash Flows on Earnings Sustainability in the Listed Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange
Hossien fakhari Javad Mohammadi Mohsen Hasanataj KordiCorporate executives may reduce the fluctuation of profits by using unusual operating cash flows and improve its sustainability. The consequences may be the creation of information that can be far from economic reality and making false economic decisions for stakeholder MoreCorporate executives may reduce the fluctuation of profits by using unusual operating cash flows and improve its sustainability. The consequences may be the creation of information that can be far from economic reality and making false economic decisions for stakeholders. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of unusual operating cash flows on earnings sustainability in listed companies at Tehran Stock Exchange. Accordingly, the data from 93 listed companies at Tehran Stock Exchange have been investigated during the period from 2010 to 2015 by multivariate regression analysis based on combined data analysis. Before testing the hypotheses, the data were analyzed to have an acceptable reliability and the results showed that all the variables were stationary. The results of regression estimation showed that unusual operating cash flows have a positive and significant effect on earnings sustainability. These findings further emphasize the fact that executives continue to manipulate profits through operational activities Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
308 - Assessment of Coastal Residential Structure Stability against Tsunami Waves
Afshin Mohseni Arasteh K. Lari N. Hashemi PourThis research, is based on the analysis of field data as well as existing models of hypothetical tsunamis caused by the Makran fault under different scenarios, introduced forces on coastal residential structures, taking into account the depth of penetration and altitude MoreThis research, is based on the analysis of field data as well as existing models of hypothetical tsunamis caused by the Makran fault under different scenarios, introduced forces on coastal residential structures, taking into account the depth of penetration and altitude of the tsunami flood in the Chabahar area. Also, considering the land cover of the area, the stability of the residential structure of the sample was examined with the frame of a floor using the SAP2000 software. Since a structure is exerted against linear forces from the forces flowing from a tsunami, a nonlinear static analysis was used. In this study, existing residential buildings in the region were examined in such a way that the possible advance of the expected tsunami was anticipated to propose the most secure structures. Also, the probable flooding of Chabahar, the largest population center and coastal facility in the north of the Oman Sea, was assessed which was based on the simulation and numerical modeling of pre-assumed tsunami in the area. The results indicated that, in the case of a single-story structure, according to the thesample, up to a displacement of 0.6 cm for a base cut, about 55 tons behaves almost linearly. The structure moves into the destruction area after moving 1.55 cm. In a building with a two-story frame, the absence of walls resistant to hydrodynamic forces and the wave fracture force will be much less because the width of the column in front of the flow is much smaller than the width of the wall, which is equal to the total width of the frame. That is why the amount of these forces is greatly reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
309 - Designing a paradigm model of the organization's human resources interaction with subscribers in order to optimize energy consumption (drinking water)
Reza Khordedan Reza Shabannezhad Khas Ali MokhtariEnergy consumption management is the one of the most important and fundamental issues in to-day's world. One of the sources of energy is the management of drinking water consumption. Considering the high per capita water consumption in Iran, it is the necessary to MoreEnergy consumption management is the one of the most important and fundamental issues in to-day's world. One of the sources of energy is the management of drinking water consumption. Considering the high per capita water consumption in Iran, it is the necessary to emphasize the increase of water productivity through measures such as demand management and water con-sumption and social enhancement. In this article, it deals with the design of the interaction model of the organization's human resources with the subscribers in order to optimize drinking water consumption in Qazvin Province Water and Wastewater Company. This research is the descrip-tive-analytical, and the research method is qualitative. The statistical population of this research is university experts and executive managers of water and sewage industry in Qazvin province, 11 people were selected using snowball sampling method and theoretical saturation point. The re-sults of this research are explained in the form of five main categories and subcategories. The findings showed Causal factors include social factors, individual factors, government bodies, senior managers, legal, legal and technical-engineering factors and other factors, contextual fac-tors include individual background conditions and socio-economic shortcomings. Intervening factors include "the way of thinking and support of managers, the performance of those in charge, and the will and desire of society", strategic factors include "correct and correct perfor-mance, continuous training at different levels and advertising and media information" and the consequences of the model are: Short-term outcomes, individual outcomes, long-term outcomes, national and regional outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
310 - The theme of sustainability in the poetry of Hamid Sabzevari and Mousavi Garmarodi
hassan habibi Tahereh Khabbazi Msoumeh Khodadadi MahabadSustainability Lierature under the influence of religions and national movments and with advent of the Islamic Revolution and the accurence of the imposed war and the need for sacred defense, became more prevalent and many committed poets and writers They expresse MoreSustainability Lierature under the influence of religions and national movments and with advent of the Islamic Revolution and the accurence of the imposed war and the need for sacred defense, became more prevalent and many committed poets and writers They expressed stability in their works.Hamid Sabzevari and Mousavi Garmaroudi are two famous poets of ritual, sustainability , and the Islamic Revolution literature who are active in this field. They have been used most of the poetic formats in the service of sustainability literature and have written poetry for every occasion in the Islamic Revolution, and for this reason they are known as revolutionary poets.We are looking for the question: what factors have played a role in the formation of the idea of sustainability of these two poets and what are the most important themes of sustainability in the poems of these two? We came to this point that the two poets' view of sustainability is close to each other and in the field of sustainability literature, such as: jihad, self-sacrifice and martyrdom, philosophy of waiting and the epic of Ashura, right-seeking, colonialism and arrogance, especially after the victory of the revolution in their poems .The role of the people in creating this thinking is remarkable. The people of Iran, who have long made oppression their top priority and have revolted against the in humanity everywhere.This spirit has created a harmonious heartbeat and pen, faith and a beautiful rhythm in the works of these two, which is based on truth-seeking and reflection of pains and ideals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
311 - Analysis the status and role of women in sustainability literature with emphasizing to “Dakhil e Eshgh”
Shahrzad Feizi Nikjeh Mahmood BashiriOne of the important events in the history of our country, especially after the islamic revolution is the war issue. Besides the influence of political, social and economic problems, has been affected to literature especially fiction. Novelists have used the war as a g MoreOne of the important events in the history of our country, especially after the islamic revolution is the war issue. Besides the influence of political, social and economic problems, has been affected to literature especially fiction. Novelists have used the war as a great treasure to address the subject of fiction. Because a novel tells conditions of people during the history by description of historical events. One of the subjects which the novelists notied is condition of warriors and their families. Among the characters in these stories women characters is striking. During the war between Iran and Iraq and after that the women in the family have an important position in the consolidation. If most of them did not fight with men, they kept safe their home and family from events harm in men’s absence, they reintegrate warriors necessities or help injureds in hospitals. This paper analyzes the foundations of the family and the role of women in strengthening and maintaining these institutions, with emphasis on the book called "Dakhil e Eshg". The women in this story are in place of mother, wife, dauter and nurse. Some of them think about their personal life regardless to the country. But most of them have a strong, strong-willed and dedicated Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
312 - The Impact of Corruption on Environmental Tehran Stock Exchange
Rahela Shah Badaghi Majid Moradi Dawood GurjizadehAbstractCorruption is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects, ranging from an individual act (such as bribery) to a pervasive act that encompasses all elements of the political and economic system. Despite the complexity, difficulty and MoreAbstractCorruption is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects, ranging from an individual act (such as bribery) to a pervasive act that encompasses all elements of the political and economic system. Despite the complexity, difficulty and sensitivity of dealing with this complication, in recent years, extensive studies have been conducted to measure corruption, explain the reasons for committing such criminal activity and provide deterrent solutions by the international community. The purpose of this study was the impact of corruption on the environmental sustainability of companies. The spatial scope of this research was the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain was between 2016 and 2020. 107 companies are selected by eliminated systematic method as sample. As data nature, this is a kind of quantitative study and as purpose, this is a kind of applied study. Jarque-Bra test is done for normality testing. Regression significance and coefficient significance tests are considered in order to investigate significance in regression pattern. Heterogenity, F-limer and Husman tests are considered as regression pre-test as well. The results showed that financial corruption affects the environmental sustainability of companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies between large and small companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies in companies with high and low financial performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
313 - Pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank
Mohammad Ali Jafari Gorji Reza Najaf Beigi Abolhassan Faghihi Mohammad Javad KameliAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank which was basic research of the mixed method. For qualitative data analysis, grounded theory and for quantitative data analysi MoreAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank which was basic research of the mixed method. For qualitative data analysis, grounded theory and for quantitative data analysis, structural equations were used. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of members of the board of directors and senior managers of credit and human resources departments of state-owned banks, 18 of whom were purposefully selected for semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the quantitative section consisted of staff and staff managers and experts of state banks, 291 of whom were randomly selected for relationships between variables based on Cochrane's formula. The results showed that the sustainable development model in Iranian state banks consists of 421 primary concepts derived from open coding, 41 concepts of wisdom and 17 main. The results of quantitative analysis show that causal factors and Confounding factors and underlying factors have an impact on the category. Also, categories, confounding factors and underlying factors have an impact on strategies. Finally, strategies affect the outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
314 - Providing a model of sustainability reporting with the foundation data theory approach in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Reza Mahmoudi Ghodrat Allah Talebnia Hamidreza Vakilifard Faegh Ahmadi Khosrow Moradi ShahdadiAbstract The purpose of this research was to present a model of sustainability reporting with the foundational data theory approach in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research is applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of data, and found MoreAbstract The purpose of this research was to present a model of sustainability reporting with the foundational data theory approach in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research is applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of data, and foundational data in terms of implementation method. The statistical population in the qualitative section was 12 experts by snowball sampling and in the quantitative section 2184 managers and experts, of which 317 were selected by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a questionnaire in the quantitative part. The causal results of the qualitative section include 5 components of environmental requirements, environmental incentives, environmental pressures, cultural, social and political characteristics of the country and the characteristics of the international environment, the contextual results of the qualitative section include 4 components of the characteristics of the company environment, economic characteristics of the country, financial incentives and accounting environment and The country's finance, the intervention results of the qualitative sector including 6 components of the company's structural characteristics, corporate governance characteristics, competition in the industry, the behavioral characteristics of managers and performance characteristics, the results of the qualitative sector strategies including 6 components of the establishment of the internal control system, training on the category of sustainability, specifying the institution responsible for sustainability , developing principles and standards of sustainability, strengthening and using new technologies and forming a sustainability committee in companies and the results of the consequences of the qualitative sector including 5 components of environmental protection for future generations, increasing social trust, quality of financial reporting, quality of financial reporting, improvement of quality of life Humans and the growth of the capital market. In the quantitative section, the highest rank was related to background conditions and the lowest to intervention conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
315 - The Landscape as a Unit for Rangeland Inventory in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Iran
Mansoor Mesdaghi -
Open Access Article
316 - Land Degradation Neutrality in the World’s Rangelands: Contemporary Approaches to Old Problems Using New Solutions
Victor Squires Mahesh Kumar Gaur Ali Ariapour -
Open Access Article
317 - Evaluation of Alternative Livelihoods Status in Arid and Semiarid Regions of Iran to Improve Sustainability
Reza Kavandi Habib Gholamali Heshmati Hamid Siroosi -
Open Access Article
318 - Designing the Sustainability Model for Family Businesses
Reza Fadaei keivani Mohamad azizi Ali badizadehDespite the importance and position of family businesses in job creation and increasing income and economic development of communities, there is much evidence of short life and the sale or closure of this type of business after one generation and a small percentage of t MoreDespite the importance and position of family businesses in job creation and increasing income and economic development of communities, there is much evidence of short life and the sale or closure of this type of business after one generation and a small percentage of them to future generations. Are transferred. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a model based on which the sustainability of family businesses in Iran can be explained. The present study is a descriptive-survey research in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and has been conducted within the framework of a qualitative approach and using the data research method of the foundation. Data collection tools were in-depth and unstructured interviews and in order to collect information, 12 experts, managers and family business owners were interviewed using snowball sampling method. Finally, after open, axial and selective triple coding, the conceptual model of the research was designed based on a paradigm model. The findings of this study indicate that this model was divided into 9 main categories and 25 variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
319 - Providing a Sustainability Reporting Framework based on Balancing Stakeholder Expectations and Company Capacity
Younes Ahmadzade Mahdi Maranjory Razieh Alikhani Yousef TaghipouryanAbstract Many stakeholders, Current reporting In relation to corporate sustainability they consider it insufficient for their needs. Therefore, this is important to create a gap between Stakeholder expectations and corporate performance in reporting is sustained. There MoreAbstract Many stakeholders, Current reporting In relation to corporate sustainability they consider it insufficient for their needs. Therefore, this is important to create a gap between Stakeholder expectations and corporate performance in reporting is sustained. Therefore, this study seeks to provide a providing a sustainability reporting Framework based on balancing stakeholder expectations and company capacity. In this study, 138 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange have been studied, the method of this research is survey and its sampling is purposeful. To study the model, Cronbach's alpha, hybrid, shared and convergent reliability methods were used, and to fit the model, factor loads, path significance, and finally paired t-test were used. SPSS and Smart PLS software were also used for data analysis.Findings show that out of 169 components studied (classified in 11 groups), 85 components (for sustainability disclosure) have been expected by stakeholders and in all groups except the index class of the organization, between the current situation and the case There was a significant difference in stakeholder expectations, Finally, after creating a balance between the components, a model consisting of 60 components was presented in the form of a balanced company stability report. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
320 - Provide a Model for Exposing Corporate Sustainability and Evaluating Factors Related to Its Organizing Legitimacy Theory
مظفر پورخانی ذاکله بری آزیتا جهانشادThe purpose of this study is first to provide a model for corporate sustainability disclosure and then the impact of factors related to the theory of legitimacy on corporate sustainability reporting. In this research, 117 qualified companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange MoreThe purpose of this study is first to provide a model for corporate sustainability disclosure and then the impact of factors related to the theory of legitimacy on corporate sustainability reporting. In this research, 117 qualified companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange have been studied. To test the hypotheses, purposive sampling method and panel regression models have been applied. The research findings show that out of a total of 169 components studied 80 components are essential for the corporate sustainability model. Also, the sensitivity of the company in the industry has a substantial positive effect on the overall index of sustainability including the disclosure of the economic, environmental and social aspects, but it has no remarkable impact on the disclosure of sustainability from the public aspect.The location of the company has a significant positive effect on the disclosure of corporate sustainability from a social point of view, but the disclosure has no significant impact on the overall corporate sustainability index in terms of public, economic and environmental aspects. Finally, the lifespan of the company has a meaningful positive influence on the overall index and all aspects of corporate sustainability. The result of this study shows the importance of requiring non-financial information disclosure for legislators and standardizers. It also improves the beneficiaries’ awareness of these aspects and encourages companies to disclose corporate sustainability information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
321 - Assessing the level of socio-cultural sustainability in empowering rural communities (Case study: Mountainous villages of East Azerbaijan province)
Mohammad Reza Khakzad Behrouz Mansouri Hassan Sattari Sarbangholirural communities Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Given the issues and problems facing rural communities, the pursuit of sustainabl Morerural communities Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Rural communities play an important role in the balanced development of the country. Given the issues and problems facing rural communities, the pursuit of sustainable social development in the form of participation, security, customs and public awareness of the villagers seems a necessity. The advent of modern technology, the change in the production structure, the social and economic indicators of rural life have changed and led to the emergence of social anomalies and migration to cities and the reduction of the young generation and consequently the erosion of rural fabric and housing. East Azerbaijan province, as one of the agricultural hubs of Iran, has 2591 villages. Of these, 1067 villages in the province are located in the mountains, so the statistical population of this study is 1067 villages, of which 25 villages have been selected as a sample that had the necessary characteristics for this study. In this study, to measure social and cultural sustainability, effective indicators and criteria have been identified in mountainous villages. By performing various tests using a researcher-made questionnaire in the form of 21 questions, the impact of social sustainability indicators on Empowerment of rural communities confirms the mountainous area of the province. Therefore, the main question of the present study is that according to the heads of rural households in the mountainous area of East Azerbaijan province, what criteria and indicators in terms of socio-cultural sustainability have the greatest impact on improving the quality of life in ? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
322 - Impact of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance according to the Mediating Role of Firm Sustainability (case study: Private Banks of Iran)
Saeed Rasfijani Abdolmajid DehghanThe study aimed to review the effect of corporate governance on financial performance considering the mediating role of corporate sustainability in Iranian private banks. The current study was applied in terms of purpose. Also, it was a field study in terms of the metho MoreThe study aimed to review the effect of corporate governance on financial performance considering the mediating role of corporate sustainability in Iranian private banks. The current study was applied in terms of purpose. Also, it was a field study in terms of the method of collecting and receiving information. Also, this study was descriptive and correlational in terms of research method. The population was consisted of Iranian private banks' staff. The number of 384 people were selected and examined as a sample using Cochran's formula. Ultimately, we analyzed the required data for testing the research hypotheses using structural equation modeling and PLS3 software. The results indicated that corporate governance influences the financial performance and the corporate sustainability. Also, the corporate sustainability influences the financial performance. The results also indicated that corporate governance influences the financial performance according to the mediating role of the corporate sustainability. The mediating role of environmental efficiency and health and safety management system was confirmed in the relationship between corporate governance and financial performance. But, community development and environmental management, commitment and social development capacity do not mediate this relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
323 - Company sustainability model based on financial efficiency model by P-VAR model
saman ebadi Rasoul Abdi nader rezaei Asgar pakmaramManagers today deal with complex and unique social, environmental, technological and market trends. Managers are still hesitant to come up with sustainable strategies because they believe the cost outweighs the benefits. Studies show that sustainability practices have a MoreManagers today deal with complex and unique social, environmental, technological and market trends. Managers are still hesitant to come up with sustainable strategies because they believe the cost outweighs the benefits. Studies show that sustainability practices have a positive effect on business performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is the sustainability model of the company based on the financial efficiency model based on the P-VAR model. Based on this goal, data related to 91 companies of Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 1390 to 1398 were analyzed. The research variables include 4 variables (profitability, efficiency, debt management and asset management) and secondary indicators in a total of 14 indicators. Data analysis was performed based on secondary variables and indicators. The results of the P-VAR model showed that the interaction between the variables of profitability, efficiency, debt management and asset management is small. Therefore, the mentioned variables do not have much effect on each other. Also, in the long run, these effects either decrease or do not increase enough. This small amount of interaction between variables is also related to the model used in the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
324 - Evaluating the spatial quality of architecture universities with a social sustainability approach
Mansoureh Farokhi Razeih Labibzadeh Hosein ZabihiSustainable architecture is a method of architecture that is responsive to environmental and spatial conditions and uses the capabilities of its surrounding environment to create favourable conditions. In recent years, social factors as a prerequisite for sustainability MoreSustainable architecture is a method of architecture that is responsive to environmental and spatial conditions and uses the capabilities of its surrounding environment to create favourable conditions. In recent years, social factors as a prerequisite for sustainability have attracted a lot of attention. Social sustainability in architecture is focused on the qualitative features of space and mutual relationships between human needs and living space, and it can influence people's interactions and social relationships.One of the spaces that is particularly important in terms of architectural design is the space where architecture students or future designers are trained. These academic spaces or architecture schools need special attention in terms of spatial quality characteristics to reach the necessary desirability and while providing students' satisfaction, it is socially sustainable.Research question: Investigating what the components of social sustainability are and how these features can be used to increase the spatial desirability of architecture universities are the main questions of this article.Research purpose: the purpose of the current research is to evaluate the components of social sustainability in improving the quality and spatial desirability of the architecture universities, based on increasing the satisfaction of students.Research method: In the present research, which is presented by qualitative method and content analysis, at first, different theories in the field of social sustainability are discussed based on library and documentary studies. Then the challenges of the academic spaces of architecture are explained and finally, a model is proposed to improve the quality of the educational space of architecture schools with a social sustainability approach.Conclusion: The findings and analysis of the content of the research show that the quality level of spaces increases with architectural ideas such as: spatial form and geometry, suitable and readable accesses, suitable dimensions and spatial proportions, suitable quality of materials, suitable ventilation, correct lighting and et. will be effective in increasing social interactions, sense of attachment, belonging to the place, solidarity, and identity. In other words, they will lead the educational space towards sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
325 - The Impact of Environmental Orientation on Financial Performance with Emphasis on the Effects of Supplier Green Management and Communication Capital
مسعود فرح آبادی فرزانه حیدر پورAbstract Recently, research related to environmental management and green supply management has considered environmental motivation as an organizational motivation affecting performance. Such motivations can reflect a combination of organizational motivations, sharehol MoreAbstract Recently, research related to environmental management and green supply management has considered environmental motivation as an organizational motivation affecting performance. Such motivations can reflect a combination of organizational motivations, shareholder motivations, and ethical motivations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of environmental orientation on financial performance with emphasis on the effects of green supplier management and communication capital. The statistical sample consisted of 392 managers and experts of stock exchange companies who were selected using random sampling method. The type of research was applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey research in terms of data collection with a description of structural equation modeling. Examining the results of the analysis, testing the hypotheses showed that environmental orientation has a positive effect on financial performance. Also, environmental orientation has a positive effect on the green management of the supplier. Analyzes showed that supplier green management has a positive effect on financial performance. Finally, the effect of capital adjustment on the relationship between environmental sustainability orientation and financial performance was accepted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
326 - Study of ecological sustainability and analysis factors affecting of cotton cultivation in the North of Golestan province, Iran
Mohsen Shokrgozar Darabi Afshin Soltani Ebrahim ZeinaliIn this Paper ecological sustainability of cotton cultivation and factors affecting them during 2014 and 2015 were studied in the villages of Aq-Qala and Ali Abad Katul cities, Golestan province. The statistical community was cotton farmers of the two Regions. One hundr MoreIn this Paper ecological sustainability of cotton cultivation and factors affecting them during 2014 and 2015 were studied in the villages of Aq-Qala and Ali Abad Katul cities, Golestan province. The statistical community was cotton farmers of the two Regions. One hundred farmers were selected randomly and information about personal and professional characteristics as well as ecological properties of farms were collected through face to face interviews. The results showed that 10 and 41 percent of farms were described as unsustainable and relatively unsustainable, respectively, while only 3 percent of the farms studied were sustainable and 46% were classified as relatively sustainable. Therefore, based on the results, sustainability of the cotton fields investigated in this study was estimated as lower than average. In order to more analyze, factor analysis and stepwise regression were used. The results showed that 14 variables were loaded onto 4 factors and described 58% of total variance. Results of regression analysis showed that the "history of agriculture" affects in the ecological sustainability more than other variables, followed by "organic fertilizer", "weeding frequency" and "yield". The variables "number of irrigation", "amount of pesticide", "literacy level" and "mismanagement of residue" had a negative effect on the stability of the cotton production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
327 - Sustainability assessment of greenhouses systems with in Sistan and Baluchestan province
Mohammad Reza Rafiei Ahmad Ghanbari Mohammadreza Asgharipour Baratali FakheriThe aim of this study was to compile composite indicators for quantifying the agro-ecological and socio-economical sustainability of greenhouse production in Sistan and Baluchestan. Data were collected from 400 greenhouse systems at four different regions using a face-t MoreThe aim of this study was to compile composite indicators for quantifying the agro-ecological and socio-economical sustainability of greenhouse production in Sistan and Baluchestan. Data were collected from 400 greenhouse systems at four different regions using a face-to-face questionnaire during 2014. The sample size was calculated using the Cochran method. Four surveyed regions included Sistan, Zahedan, and central region of the province covering Khash, Saravan, Mirjaveh and southern region of the province covering Nikshahr, Iranshahr and Sarbaz. Average score of sustainability index in greenhouse system was 59.8. The results of step by step regression progressive showed that the most important factors determining the sustainability index in the systems were; economic efficiency of water, type of greenhouse ownership, costs of fertilizer, source of water supply, neighboring owner living and technicians education of owner with the coefficient regression of 0.022, 1.292, 0.850, 0.004, 0.720 and 1.94, respectively. The study of critical points revealed that correct management of greenhouses, employing certified technical experts and introducing and implementing modern technology to mechanize the greenhouse equipment will be lead to sustainable greenhouse and crop yield increasing in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
328 - A survey on the ecological sustainability of introducing new crops in the cropping pattern using emergy approach
samin fallahinejad mohammad Armin Mohammad AsgharipourEmergy analysis is an appropriate strategy for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production systems in a region. In this study, the sustainability of production of four widely grown crops, including wheat and barley,sugar beet and saffron were compared using MoreEmergy analysis is an appropriate strategy for assessing the sustainability of agricultural production systems in a region. In this study, the sustainability of production of four widely grown crops, including wheat and barley,sugar beet and saffron were compared using emergy approach in Khoushab County, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran. The total supporting emergy for wheat, barley, sugar beet and saffron was respectively 2.32E+16, 1.91E+16, 4.95E+16, and 2.04E+16 sej ha-1. The greatest portion of renewable environmental resources were obtained in sugar beet production systems (4.1% of total emergy), and non-renewable environmental resources occurred in barley production systems (55.7% of total emergy). Saffron production systems showed the greatest portion of renewable and non-renewable purchased resources (40.80 and 36.48%). Introduction of saffron and sugar beet as new crops in a given region, compared to wheat and barley as preceding crops in the cropping pattern, caused enhancement in renewable emergy ratio, environmental loading ratio, modified environmental sustainability index, and emergy input ratio, while decreased emergy yield ratio, modified environmental loading ratio, environmental sustainability index, and sustainable development emergy index. Saffron and sugar beet production as new introduced crops to the region resulted in the highest modified environmental sustainability index. Although the environmental loading ratio index of saffron cultivation was higher than other production systems, modified environmental loading ratio was lower than the three other production systems. Therefore, saffron can be recommended as a sustainable crop that has put the lowest pressure on environmental resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
329 - Investigation of Factors Affecting Pistachio Orchards’ Productivity in Kerman Province
Reza Sedaghat -
Open Access Article
330 - Analysis of effective factors in Iran's sustainable cultural tourism (Study case: centers of Isfahan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Fars, Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad, Hormozgan and Bushehr provinces)
Ali LavafanThe most important effective factors in sustainable cultural tourism are the six economic, social, political, cultural, managerial and environmental dimensions that these basic parameters can be transformative in Tourism industry. In order to prioritize the effectivenes MoreThe most important effective factors in sustainable cultural tourism are the six economic, social, political, cultural, managerial and environmental dimensions that these basic parameters can be transformative in Tourism industry. In order to prioritize the effectiveness of these factors and components of sustainable cultural tourism, the research based on the work done by a mixed method, and in the model building stage, it is a "qualitative-quantitative" type of research, and in the model testing stage, a descriptive research type (proof approach orientation) has been used. The statistical population of this research includes all the experts, managers and senior experts of the cultural heritage organization and organizations related to the Tourism industry in the cities of Isfahan, Shahrekord, Shiraz, Yasouj, Bandar Abbas and Bushehr that Using the Kokran formula, there are 128 people with a simple random sampling method selected as a statistical sample. The measuring tool of the research was the questionnaire made by the researcher of sustainable cultural tourism that was used. To measuring of the validity of the questionnaires using the content method and to determine its reliability, kronbach's alpha was calculated and its value was estimated to be 0.716. Structural equation method was used in Smart Pls3 software and Friedman test in SPSS23 software to check hypotheses. The results of the research showed that the indicators investigated in the model including social, economic, cultural, political, managerial and environmental factors have a significant effect on sustainable cultural tourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
331 - Examining the relationship between the characteristics and expertise of the board of directors and sustainability performance in companies listed on the Tehran stock exchange
Saeed Pakdelan Alireza Azarberahman Saleh RafieePurpose: The corporate sustainability performance discourse has created an increasing motivation for companies to improve their competitive advantage. The present study seeks to investigate and test the relationship between board of directors' expertise and characterist MorePurpose: The corporate sustainability performance discourse has created an increasing motivation for companies to improve their competitive advantage. The present study seeks to investigate and test the relationship between board of directors' expertise and characteristics with sustainable performance in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.methodology: Among the characteristics of the board of directors, the characteristics of the dual role of the CEO, managerial ownership and independence of the board of directors were investigated. The statistical population of the research includes 63 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2012 to 2019. To test the hypotheses of the research, the data was analyzed using the multiple linear regression method and using Eviewse10 and Excel software.Findings: The results of the research show that there is a positive and significant relationship between managerial ownership, the dual role of the CEO, and the independence of the board of directors with sustainability performance. In fact, the level of sustainable performance is higher in companies with managerial ownership and CEO duality, independent board of directors.Originality / Value: Based on the findings of the current research, financial market activists should pay more attention to sustainability activities and their full disclosure in financial statements, and investors should also pay more attention to the analysis of They should consider the characteristics of the board of directors and audit committee for investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
332 - Explaining Strategic Alliance Sustainability Pattern with Exploratory Mixed Method
Mohamad Dostar Ghadir ShakibaThe inefficiency and premature collapse of strategic alliances has prompted executives in this field to pursue coherent programs to prevent alliances instability and because of that, sustainability and durability of strategic alliances has become an important issue for MoreThe inefficiency and premature collapse of strategic alliances has prompted executives in this field to pursue coherent programs to prevent alliances instability and because of that, sustainability and durability of strategic alliances has become an important issue for active organizations in this field. The purpose of this study is to achieve a comprehensive strategic alliance sustainability model to present a roadmap for maintaining strategic alliances, implement them successfully and provide an efficient and effective framework for managers of this field. The exploratory hybrid method was used due to the complexity of the strategic alliance process and because of the presentation of the native model, and for this purpose, by combining qualitative and quantitative data, deep understanding of the phenomenon and the generalizability of the results of the research were possible together. In order to identify the influential factors in each stage of the strategic alliance process, using content analysis methodology, experts from this field were interviewed including senior executives of strategic alliances and academics professors active in this field and in the next section, for expanding the generalizability by using the quantitative method, the questionnaire was designed and distributed among a wider range of managers in the various Iranian alliances and finally, the comprehensive strategic stability model of alliances was extracted using structural equation modeling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
333 - Analyzing the sustainable designing to reduce the negative human impact on rural environment, Case study: Oramanat of Iran
Hassan Feridonzadeh Fahimeh Yari -
Open Access Article
334 - Presenting a suitable model for the provision of housing for the martyr community from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators - a case study of the Nasirshahr Project of the Martyr Foundation and the Affairs of the Martyrs
Mohsen Ghasempour Shalmani Hossein Dehghani podeh Rahim SarvarHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, s MoreHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, street sleeping, slum living and begging. So much so that the right to have a suitable housing is included as part of the right to standard of living in many international human rights documents. The increasing growth of urbanization has created new and special problems in people's lives and relationships. One of the major problems is housing. The cities of the developing countries are facing unfavorable conditions from the point of view of urban planning, so that Hall and Pfeifer describe its perspective by posing a question, whether in the cities of the developing world, approaches of Urban planning was achieved and through it there was hope to increase the income and improve the environmental conditions of all citizens? According to the presented materials, the general purpose of the research is to provide a suitable model of providing housing for the sacrifice society from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators (case study: Nasirshahr Project of the Martyrs Foundation and Affairs). The aspect of being new and innovative in the research in terms of providing a suitable housing supply model for the self-sacrificing society, which is a new discussion and strategy emphasized by the governor of the province, also in terms of the lack of specific research obstacles with this research method in terms of providing a housing supply model It is considered suitable for the self-sacrificing society as a new research and the special innovation is to provide a suitable model for providing housing for the self-sacrificing society at the level of the country Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
335 - Decoding the impact of sustainable customer relationship management on sustainable competitive advantage with the mediating role of perceived relationship quality and moderating role of relational capital
Sina Tayebi Rasool RezaeiToday, achieving sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) is crucial for life insurance service providers. Sustainable customer relationship management (SCRM) strategy and building quality relationships with customers as companies' assets are deemed suitable ways for gro MoreToday, achieving sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) is crucial for life insurance service providers. Sustainable customer relationship management (SCRM) strategy and building quality relationships with customers as companies' assets are deemed suitable ways for growth, advancement, and increasing the value of insurance companies. Based on this premise, this research aims to decode the impact of sustainable customer relationship management (SCRM) on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) with the mediating role of perceived relationship quality and the moderating role of relational capital in the life insurance industry. This study, due to its practical objective and data collection approach, falls into the category of descriptive-survey research. The statistical population includes representatives, policyholders, and branches of MA insurance company in Tehran. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was employed, and 368 customers were selected as the study sample. Data analysis and hypothesis testing were conducted using SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS version 3 software. The research findings indicate the significant influence of sustainable CRM on perceived relationship quality and sustainable competitive advantage. Perceived relationship quality positively affects sustainable competitive advantage and acts as a mediator between sustainable CRM and sustainable competitive advantage. Relational capital cannot moderate the effect of sustainable CRM on relationship quality; however, it significantly moderates and enhances the impact of sustainable CRM on sustainable competitive advantage. Additionally, the impact of relationship quality on sustainable competitive advantage in the life insurance industry is moderated and strengthened by relational capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
336 - Providing a model for desire for sustainability of education teachers (Case study: Teachers of high schools in Tehran)
Seyed Ali Sajadi Mohammadali Hosseini, Nadergholi GhourchianThe purpose of this study was to provide a model to promote the desire for sustainability of education teachers. Methodology: This research is a mixed study, applied in terms of purpose, with content analysis in the qualitative part, and a descriptive survey in the quan MoreThe purpose of this study was to provide a model to promote the desire for sustainability of education teachers. Methodology: This research is a mixed study, applied in terms of purpose, with content analysis in the qualitative part, and a descriptive survey in the quantitative part. This study was conducted in three sections: library, qualitative and quantitative. The qualitative part included semi-structured interviews with experts to determine the dimensions, components and indicators of teachers' desire to sustainability, developing a questionnaire and determining the proposed mechanisms. The research population in the qualitative section included all experts in the field of education (experienced principals and teachers), 19 of whom were selected through purposive sampling, and in the quantitative section, the research population included all 10975 teachers of first grade high schools in Tehran. According to the Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated at 375 people, and then the questionnaire of desire for sustainability was distributed among teachers in selected schools, and finally 323 questionnaires were received from teachers and analyzed. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview, and the tool in the quantitative part was a researcher-made questionnaire (the result of a combination of library and qualitative study) based on a 5-point Likert scale in both present and desirable situations. The validity of the questionnaire was calculated through convergent and divergent validity. The reliability of the questionnaire items was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (0.968) and combined reliability (0.970). Exploratory factor analysis, one-sample t-test and dependent t-test, structural equation modeling (SEM), Cronbach's alpha and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data to check the validity of the questionnaire using Smart-PLS software. The results showed that teachers' desire for sustainability includes two dimensions of environmental factors with components of social, economic, welfare and livelihood, legal, organizational and social justice factors and professional factors with components of job, job satisfaction and quality of working life factors. A suitable tool for measuring teachers' desire for sustainability is a researcher-made questionnaire with 46 items. In this study, 30 mechanisms were proposed to promote teachers' desire for sustainability. As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, the proposed model of promoting teachers' desire for sustainability with 2 dimensions, 8 components and 38 indicators was approved. The degree of fit of the proposed research model was also confirmed with 0.99 confidence. The model of teachers 'desire for sustainability can be effective in promoting teachers' motivated desire for sustainability and increasing the quality of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
337 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Components of Sustainable Human Resource Management Affecting the Development of Iran's Automotive Industry
Alireza Ahmadbeigi Masoud Ahmadi farshideh zameniThe purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the components of sustainable human resource management which affects the development of the automotive industry. In order to achieve the objectives of the research through non-probable snowball sampling method, t MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the components of sustainable human resource management which affects the development of the automotive industry. In order to achieve the objectives of the research through non-probable snowball sampling method, the opinions of 15 experts in the field of human resources as well as senior development managers of Iran Khodro and Saipa companies, up to the theoretical saturation stage, were used.The present study has been carried out using a mixed exploratory research method in two parts: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative phase, using open source data theory and line-by-line analysis of the interviews, open coding was performed first. During open coding, about 129 items were extracted as basic concepts from the text of the interviews and then categorized into 20 indicators and five dimensions of causal conditions, contextual conditions, interventionist conditions, strategies and guidelines, and results and consequences. In the quantitative phase, the research was conducted in the form of a descriptive-survey research method and through a researcher-made questionnaire, the views of experts were collected and then the data were analyzed using a fuzzy hierarchical process (FAHP), and component priority in each of the five dimensions was determined.The results showed that economic conditions are the highest priority among causal conditions; recruitment and retention of manpower is the highest priority among the contextual conditions; government is the highest priority among interventionist conditions; investing in employee competencies for current and future scenarios have been given the highest priority among strategies and financial benefits and economic growth has the highest priority among outcomes and consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
338 - Social Development Dimensions Ranking and Evaluating from the Viewpoints of Faculty Members and Managers of Noshirvani University of Technology
طاهره آقامیرزایی محلی جمیله آقاتبار رودباری مریم مریم تقوایی یزدیAbstract: This study was descriptive-survey, with the aim of social development dimensions evaluating and from the viewpoints of faculty members and managers at Babol Noshirvani University of Technology. 120 faculty members and managers were selected by stratified rando MoreAbstract: This study was descriptive-survey, with the aim of social development dimensions evaluating and from the viewpoints of faculty members and managers at Babol Noshirvani University of Technology. 120 faculty members and managers were selected by stratified random sampling. The research instrument was social development a standard questionnaire consisting of 25 pairs of corresponding questions were designed on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon tests, Friedman rankings by spss 21 software. The findings from the viewpoints of faculty members and managers at Babol Noshirvani University of Technology showed that ratings of social development dimensions were respectively consisted identity, consensus and social cohesion ( 4.62 ) , social capital ( 4.36 ) , social accountability (4.23) , social welfare ( 3.97 ) , Social security ( 3.86 ) , social justice ( 3.62 ) , sustainability ( 3.35 ), there is a gap in all social development dimensions. The size of the gaps were respectively related to the social accountability ( -1.32) , social security ( -1.28 ) , sustainability ( -1.27 ) , social welfare ( -1.14 ) , social justice ( -1.01 ) , identity and social cohesion ( -0.99 ) , social capital ( -0.82 ). Accordingly can be concluded that in the role of social development, universities should pay more attention to social justice and sustainability, in order to the role of social development dimensions and in doing so, they should make greater use of the strategy of strengthening identity consensus and social cohesion and promoting of social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
339 - Identifying Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Knowledge-Based Businesses (Case Study: Islamic Azad University)
amir seifi amir SHARAKIPOUR afsaneh saberAbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the sustainability of knowledge-based businesses (Case study: Islamic Azad University); Research method in terms of purpose, basic-applied in terms of data type, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of expl MoreAbstractThe aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting the sustainability of knowledge-based businesses (Case study: Islamic Azad University); Research method in terms of purpose, basic-applied in terms of data type, mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of exploratory type; Depending on the time of data collection, it was cross-sectional and according to the method of data collection or the nature and method of research, it was a survey, it was qualitative of exploratory type. The statistical population of the study included all faculty members of Tehran universities. To determine the samples of this study and to determine this group of experts, purposive non-random sampling method of 20 people was used. Documentary tools and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The validity and reliability of the instruments were calculated, all of which were confirmed. The data analysis method was data-based and three-step coding method. The results showed that individual, organizational and environmental factors affect the sustainability of business and business sustainability leads to social, economic and environmental achievements.Keywords: Influencing factors, Sustainability, Knowledge-based businesses Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
340 - Identifying and evaluating the factors affecting the sustainability of knowledge-based businesses in Islamic Azad University
amir seifi HASAN SHARAKIPOUR afsaneh saberAbstractThe aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the factors affecting the sustainability of knowledge-based businesses in Islamic Azad University; Research method in terms of purpose, was basic-applied and in terms of data type, it was mixed (qualitative-quan MoreAbstractThe aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the factors affecting the sustainability of knowledge-based businesses in Islamic Azad University; Research method in terms of purpose, was basic-applied and in terms of data type, it was mixed (qualitative-quantitative) of exploratory type. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research included all faculty members of Tehran universities. To determine the samples of this study and to determine this group of experts, purposive non-random sampling method of 20 people was used. The second group of the statistical population of this study included all the staff of Islamic Azad universities in Tehran, 2522 people, using Cochran's formula and cluster random sampling method, 310 people were selected as subjects. Semi-structured interview tools and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. The validity and reliability of the instruments were calculated, all of which were confirmed. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was the data-based method and three-step coding. In the inferential and quantitative sections, a one-sample t-test was used to answer the research questions. The results showed that individual, organizational and environmental factors affect the sustainability of the business. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
341 - Presenting the spatial policy framework for improving the level of sustainability of the urban environment (case study: Chabahar city)
soraya firoozi jahantigh اسماعیل شیعه آرش وحیدChabahar city, in recent decades, with many problems and issues such as environmental pollution, reduction of ecological power, environmental issues, increasing burden on the environment, increasing the formation of informal settlements (more than 50 thousand people ), MoreChabahar city, in recent decades, with many problems and issues such as environmental pollution, reduction of ecological power, environmental issues, increasing burden on the environment, increasing the formation of informal settlements (more than 50 thousand people ), and... has been faced that has affected the environmental sustainability of the city. In this regard, this research was conducted with the aim of providing a spatial policy framework to improve the level of sustainability of the urban environment (study example: Chabahar). First, library studies were conducted in order to know the theoretical literature related to environmental sustainability, and according to the collected information, the dimensions were identified and a framework was presented according to the situation of Chabahar city. The environment in Chabahar city includes dimensions: green infrastructure planning; protection of biological diversity; urban design sensitive to water; urban agriculture and green roof; Resilience against natural disasters and access to nature. This framework is presented as a comprehensive approach to improve the level of sustainability in the urban environment. The implementation of such policies is beneficial for Chabahar city and can also serve as a model for other rapidly urbanizing areas and contribute to a more sustainable and resilient urban future. It should be noted that in order to apply the spatial policy framework in Chabahar, cooperation between government agencies, urban planners, environmentalists and the local community is necessary. Manuscript profile
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