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Open Access Article
1 - Antibiotic resistance in patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Shima ShantiaeeDiabetes mellitus is a growing problem in today's modern societies. It is difficult to estimate the total number of people suffering from the disease. Approximately 20% of diabetic patients develop wound infections during their life Which in the absence of effective tre MoreDiabetes mellitus is a growing problem in today's modern societies. It is difficult to estimate the total number of people suffering from the disease. Approximately 20% of diabetic patients develop wound infections during their life Which in the absence of effective treatment can disrupt the quality of life of these people. On the other hand, treatment of this complication is very costly. DFIs diabetic foot infections are one of the most important public health issues and the identification of microorganisms that cause microbial infections An antibiotic is good for finding an appropriate treatment. Meanwhile, many reports have shown that antibiotic resistance is rising dramatically. Therefore, early diagnosis of lesions and the rapid onset of antimicrobial treatment are essential for controlling infection and preventing complications and improving the quality of life. An antibiotic susceptibility test is needed to manage infection, which can help in choosing the best treatment options. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Positive effects of garlic on insulin resistance and other indices of glucose metabolism: A systematic review of clinical trials
Mahtab Sotoudeh Hafez Goudarzi Behnood Abbasi -
Open Access Article
3 - Type 2 diabetes as a prominent global health issue: A narrative review
Asal Ansaripour Behnood Abbasi -
Open Access Article
4 - Effects of spirulina-enriched yogurt on FBS and MDA levels in type 2 diabetic patients
Ayda Ghaffari Ashtiani Anousheh Sharifan Morteza Gharibi Rahmatollah MoradZadeh -
Open Access Article
5 - Effects of synbiotic consumption on lipid profile in diabetic patients
Jafar Aldaghi Ariyo Movahedi -
Open Access Article
6 - Probiotics and glycemic control: A simplified interplay model for the pathways behind
Somayyeh Firouzi -
Open Access Article
7 - Effect of selenium supplementation on glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes: A review on current evidence
Raheleh Kamalzadeh Yazdi Ghazaleh Shakeri Motahareh Hatami Marbini Behnood Abbasi -
Open Access Article
8 - Antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of Salvia syriaca aerial parts in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Eidi, A. * .Many plants of genus Salvia are used for food products and medicine. The present study wasdesigned to examine the antidiabetic effect of Salvia syriaca ethanolic extract in normal andstreptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes in rats was induced with a single inject MoreMany plants of genus Salvia are used for food products and medicine. The present study wasdesigned to examine the antidiabetic effect of Salvia syriaca ethanolic extract in normal andstreptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes in rats was induced with a single injection ofstreptozotocin (70 mg/kg body weight) by intraperitoneal route. Salvia syriaca ethanolic extract(50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight) were administrated orally for 30 days. After 30 days, ratswere anesthetized and blood samples were collected. Serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides, totalcholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT) levels in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats wereevaluated. Oral administration of Salvia syriaca ethanoic extract for 30 days exhibited asignificant reduction in serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine,AST, ALT and increased plasma insulin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Theadministration of extract did not change these serum parameters in normal rats. It is concludedthat Salvia syriaca has antidiabetic effect in rats and the plant should be considered as anexcellent candidate for future studies on diabetes mellitus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Histopathologic study of pancreas in streptozotocin –induced diabetic rats treated with ethanolic extract of Portulaca oleracea (Purslane)
Mortazavi. P.*, Aghaey Meybodi, M., Poosty, I., Hoseiny, S. .Diabetes mellitus is a constellation of metabolic disorders that increase blood glucose andfactors such as genetics, environmental factors, life-style habits that are involved in creating.In this study, to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of purslane on diabetic MoreDiabetes mellitus is a constellation of metabolic disorders that increase blood glucose andfactors such as genetics, environmental factors, life-style habits that are involved in creating.In this study, to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of purslane on diabetic rats, 36 adultmale Wistar rats were used in six groups, respectively, including healthy controls, diabetic withstreptozotocin, diabetic with streptozotocin and treated with Purslane extract (200 mg/kg) for 4weeks (T1), diabetic with streptozotocin and treated with Purslane extract (400 mg/kg) for 4weeks (T2), treatment with Purslane extract (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks thereafter induction ofdiabetes with streptozotocin (T3), treatment with Purslane extract (400 mg/kg) for 4 weeks andthen inducing diabetes with streptozotocin (T4). Blood glucose was measured at the end of eachweek. At the end of experiment, all rats were euthanized, and pancreas tissue samples wereplaced in 10% buffered formalin and referred to pathology laboratory for histopathology slidespreparation.Histopathological findings demonstrated islet cell necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration indiabetic rats. Purslane extract-treated groups showed significant reduction in the severity of theinjuries. This reduction was greater in T3 and T4 groups compared to others. The resultsobtained showed anti-diabetic activities of purslane extract which is probably related to itsantioxidant properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of peel of Punica granatum L. on growth of Candida albicans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
M. Sadeghpour, M. Eidi, F. Noorbakhsh,Nowadays, especially opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans are the most common riskfactors in patients who are immunocompromised. Fungal infections caused by Candida speciesand increasing strains resistant to azole drugs in Immunosuppression patients are importan MoreNowadays, especially opportunistic fungi such as Candida albicans are the most common riskfactors in patients who are immunocompromised. Fungal infections caused by Candida speciesand increasing strains resistant to azole drugs in Immunosuppression patients are important toenjoy. The toxicity of drugs used, the resistance of the fungus and problems from druginteractions, necessitates the use of more effective and less toxic drugs cause the screw.Pomegranate consumption except for nutrition is impressive for medicinal and therapeuticeffects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel extract at dosesconcentrations of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg on growth of C. albicans (ATCC 10231) inalloxan-induced diabetic rat. The animals were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection ofalloxan (150 mg/kg). After diabetes induction, they were infected by Candida albicans, orally.Then, treatments of extract and Itraconazole were done orally. Sampling of fungus from month,culturing and colony counting were done daily for evaluating effects of extract and Itraconazoleon fungal growth. The results showed that oral treatment of hydro-alcoholic peel extractimproved Candida albicans infections in diabetic rats. Its potency is similar to Itraconazole, assynthetic drug. On the second day of treatment, significant effect of extract on growth C.albicans was shown (P<0.001). Comparison between effects of pomegranate extract andItraconazole on C. albicans was significant. The results suggest antifungal effect extract ofpomegranate compared with the antifungal medication. As a result, consumption ofpomegranate extract inhibited the growth of Candida albicans in the diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Studying the therapeutic effect of artemisinin along with endometrial stem cells containing TSP-1 gene on Alzheimer's disease in streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer's-diabetes model of rat
پروین Poorgholam پریچهره Yaghmaei مهدی Noureddini زهرا HajebrahimiAlzheimer's is the most common neurodegenerative disease of the elderly. Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. The risk of Alzheimer's disease is high in diabetic people, and insulin resistance occurs in the brain of Alzheimer' MoreAlzheimer's is the most common neurodegenerative disease of the elderly. Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in Alzheimer's disease. The risk of Alzheimer's disease is high in diabetic people, and insulin resistance occurs in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. Accumulation of amyloid plaques leads to angiogenesis and increased permeability of the vessels. Today, medicinal plants are receiving attention due to fewer side effects than chemical drugs. In the present study, the protective effect of Artemisia herbal product (artemisinin) along with endometrial stem cells containing the antiangiogenesis gene (thrombospondins-1 or TSP-1) was investigated in Alzheimer's disease induced by streptozotocin in a diabetic male rat laboratory model. 3 days after the induction of Alzheimer's and diabetes using streptozotocin, the animals received stem cells intranasally and then received artemisinin for one month (50 mg/kg). Initial and final weight, blood sugar, and interleukin-6 serum levels were measured, and brain amyloid plaques were examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The results showed that the induction of Alzheimer's and diabetes led to a significant decrease in body weight and an increase in blood sugar, interleukin-6, and brain amyloid plaques. Treatment with artemisinin and stem cells, separately and simultaneously, improved these parameters. The findings of this research showed that human endometrial stem cells that contain the TSP-1 gene can be used as a potential source of stem cells along with natural antioxidants artemisinin to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Effect of Inulin on Properties of Functional Fermented Milk Produced by Native Strains Isolated from Traditional Iranian Yogurt
Faezeh shirkhan Saeed Mirdamadi mahta mirzaei Behrouz Akbari-adergani Nikoo NasoohiIntroduction: The inclination to manufacture beneficial dairy products has increased in recent years, as consumers pay more attention to food products with adequate sensory qualities and health benefits. Materials and Methods: The current study looked first at the anti- MoreIntroduction: The inclination to manufacture beneficial dairy products has increased in recent years, as consumers pay more attention to food products with adequate sensory qualities and health benefits. Materials and Methods: The current study looked first at the anti-diabetic efficacy of milk fermented by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, and Lactobacillus helveticus strains isolated from traditional yogurt as well as co-culture of two-strain based on the inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes for the production of functional fermented milk. Then, added 1% inulin as an appropriate and applied prebiotic to fermented milk resulting from the combination of two strains and evaluated physicochemical, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, proteolysis rate, and population of bacteria during 19 days at 4°C.Results: The results indicated that milk fermented with two-strain bacterial intercropping had stronger inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase (45%) and alpha-glucosidase (35%) than single strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Lactobacillus helveticus (p<0.05). The addition of inulin increased the inhibitory activity of alpha-amylase (20%) and alpha-glucosidase (33%) at the end of fermentation, respectively. During storage at 4°C, the composition two bacterial strains and inuline significantly increased the population of bacteria, acidity and viscosity and significantly reduced the pH and proteolysis rate of fermented milk. However, there was a decrease in antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Conclusion: The results revealed that both bacterial strains in combination with inulin have the capacity to produce functional food. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - An overview of the place of fiber in nutrition, health and its application and methods of modification in the food industry
Morva Hosseiny Peyman RajaeiNowadays, the health effects of dietary fiber are very much considered. Dietary fiber is found in foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains and is low in calories and fat. Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be broken down in the body and is not digested by enzymes i MoreNowadays, the health effects of dietary fiber are very much considered. Dietary fiber is found in foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains and is low in calories and fat. Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be broken down in the body and is not digested by enzymes in the digestive system. Fibers include cellulose, hemicellulose, gum, pectic substances, and lignin, which due to their glucose absorption capacity, cholesterol absorption capacity, oil storage capacity, and very low calories are used to reduce and treat diseases such as obesity, diabetes, various cancers, intestinal diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. They're effective. Many food industry wastes such as fruit pomace, date kernels and cereal bran are important sources of dietary fiber that can be used as prebiotics for the growth and proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Based on physical properties, fibers are divided into two categories, soluble and insoluble in water. Insoluble fibers are not used due to their unpleasant taste and poor performance, which are converted into soluble fiber by methods such as physical, chemical, enzymatic and combined modification. Due to low cost, short time, simple operation and no production of toxic waste, the physical method is the most widely used. In this article, the types of fiber, their therapeutic properties, and their modification methods have been investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Investigation the Effect of Flaxseed Bread on Reduction of Blood Glucose in Diabetic Patients
mohammad fazilati aazam aarabi ali tadayon charsoghiIntroduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that is clinically characterized by hyperglycemia. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is rich in health-promoting bioactive compounds namely alpha-linolenic acid, dietary fibre and proteins that can be useful fo MoreIntroduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease that is clinically characterized by hyperglycemia. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is rich in health-promoting bioactive compounds namely alpha-linolenic acid, dietary fibre and proteins that can be useful for diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: In the present study the effects of flaxseed bread made with a mixture of flaxseed flour and wheat flour were evaluated on blood glucose of patients with type 2 diabetes. Flaxseed flour was incorporated in wheat flour. Flaxseed bread was included in the meals of thirty patients with Type 2 diabetes for 14 days. The blood biochemistry profile (BBP) was monitored before starting the study and at daily intervals.Results: The results showed that fasting blood sugar (FBS) in the experimental group decreased considerably (p=0.05).Conclusion: This study demonstrated the efficacy of flaxseed flour in the BBP of Type 2 diabetes. Intake of flaxseed bread caused a considerable decrease in fasting blood sugar in the patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The effect of diabetes on reserpine-induced catalepsy in rats model of Parkinson's disease
اعظم خلج رامش احمدیAim and Background: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system, characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the nigrostriatal system with clinical symptoms such as resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and disturbances of postural MoreAim and Background: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in the central nervous system, characterized by dopaminergic neuronal loss in the nigrostriatal system with clinical symptoms such as resting tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and disturbances of postural reflex.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diabetes on reserpine-induced catalepsy in male rats model of Parkinson's diseaseMaterial and Methods: In this study, 24 Wistar rats were divided in 4 groups (control, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease + diabetes).Each of animals in the diabetic groups was given a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg, i.p). Parkinson's disease was induced by administration of Reserpine (1 mg/kg, i.p)The bar- test was used to measure cataleptic symptoms. Catalepsy was evaluated by placing both forepaws of the rat on a horizontal bar.SPSS software was used for analyzing data by using of analysis of variance that it was performed at a significance level of p<0.05.Results: catalepsy was significantly higher in the group of diabetes + Parkinson's disease.Conclusion: Diabetes can be effective on reserpine-induced catalepsy in male rats model of Parkinson's disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Identification of causative agents of urinary tract infection and antimicrobial susceptibility in diabetic patients in Kermanshah
farshad yadolahi Elahe Tajbakhsh hassan MomtazIntroduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to tre MoreIntroduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to treat it acutely felt Material and methods: In this study, 353 urine samples of diabetic patients cultured and by using biochemical tests were examined. After DNA extraction, PCR test for definitive diagnosis of bacteria and the antibiogram test was carried out. Results: Urinary tract infection in diabetic patients 28.3% was reported. Asymptomatic bacteriuria 22.1% and symptomatic bacteriuria 6.22% was reported. The most common bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in patients were respectively Escherichia coli, Klebciella pneumonia, Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Providencia. Conclusion: Given that bacterial population of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients, similar to non-diabetic patients, so antibiotic treatment in diabetic patients is alike with and non-diabetic patients. Keywords: bacteriuria, Diabetes, urinary tract infection, antibiotic resistance, PCR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Eeffect of the hydroalcolic Lavandula stoechas L. extract in Comparison Glibenclamide on blood glucose in streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats
zahra abolghasemi ramesh ahmadi maryam khoshsokhanIntroduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of plant extracts of lavender in Comparison libenclamide in reducing blood sugar levels on instreptozotocin–induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Material and Methods: In this study, 48 Wistar rats were MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of plant extracts of lavender in Comparison libenclamide in reducing blood sugar levels on instreptozotocin–induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Material and Methods: In this study, 48 Wistar rats were divided in 8 groups (n=8). Diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg, i.p) Lavender extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg were gavage to rats during the 21 days. In this study the effect of Lavender was compared with glibenclamide. SPSS software was used for analyzing data by using of analysis of variance and tukey's test. Results: The results indicate that there is a significant difference between blood sugar levels in group of rats treated with the extract after gavage period compared to group treated with glibenclamide (at a dose of 0/5 mg / kg) dissolved in DMSO or saline. Conclusion: Lavender was decreased blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals that it probably can be because of Lavender's important compounds such as linalool, butyric acid, propionic acid, valeric and gerambol. The linalool that presents in this plant, decreased blood sugar levels by increasing insulin levels. Anti-hyperglycemic effect of linalool is because of stimulating and activating insulin receptors in the cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Study effect of methanolic extract of Peganum Harmala and Harmine on Kidney tissue damage of diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rats
Forough Kajbaf Shahrbanoo Oryan Ramesh Ahmadi Akram EidiIntroduction: The dangerous side effects of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, which has a relatively high prevalence in diabetic patients and causes renal failure. Investigating the process of destruction and the mechanisms that prevent it, in order to reduce the tissu MoreIntroduction: The dangerous side effects of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, which has a relatively high prevalence in diabetic patients and causes renal failure. Investigating the process of destruction and the mechanisms that prevent it, in order to reduce the tissue damage, especially with the treatment of plants, can be a significant issue. Material and methods: In this research, Espand with scientific name of Peganum harmala, a plant of the Zygophyllaceae family and its effective substance called harmine in diabetes-induced renal injury, were studied on 80 male Wistar rats in experimental and diabetic groups. Rats were treated with methanolic extract of seeds and leaves of Peganum Harmala and Harmine. After tissue passage and fixation, Microscopic slides were prepared and studied. In tissue studies, four factors of epithelial changes, tubular destruction, leukocyte inflammation and capillary obstruction were detected in the kidneys. Results: The diabetic rat group received harmine and the diabetic rats receiving the extract of the seed were less damaged, while in the diabetic rats recieveing the leaf extract these lesions was higher and it was interesting to note that there was no difference in the experimental groups with the positive control group. Conclusion: According to the tissue results in our study, seed extract and harmine have the ability to prevent tissue damage caused by diabetes, which can be attributed to the harmine alkaloid in the seed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Phytochemical quantification, in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potentials of methanol and dichloromethane extracts of Triclisia subcordata (Oliv) leaves
Olubunmi Adenike Akinwunmi Damilola Kayode Adekeye Sulaimon Adeoye Olagboye -
Open Access Article
20 - In-vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory potential of leaf hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub
Emmanuel Ojah Dorcas Olufunke Moronkola -
Open Access Article
21 - A Survey of Happiness Education Effective in Fordyce Method on Increasing of Happiness of Diabetic Patients in Behbahan City
زهره کامیاب محمد حسین پور منصور سودانیThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city wer MoreThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city were chosen randomly. They were divided into two random groups of experimental and control. And then the test group was thought happiness training for 10 sessions (one 90 min session in each week) with the method of Fordyce. Pre test and post test were conducted for both groups. Pre test and post test in this project was Oxford Happiness Inventory with marks for blood sugar patients. The results show that happiness training is effective on increase in happiness (p < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - A Survey of Happiness Education Effective in Fordyce Method on Increasing of Happiness of Diabetic Patients in Behbahan City
فریدون کایوند منصور سودانی عبداله شفیعآبادیThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city wer MoreThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city were chosen randomly. They were divided into two random groups of experimental and control. And then the test group was thought happiness training for 10 sessions (one 90 min session in each week) with the method of Fordyce. Pre test and post test were conducted for both groups. Pre test and post test in this project was Oxford Happiness Inventory with marks for blood sugar patients. The results show that happiness training is effective on increase in happiness (p < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The relationship between parent personality characteristics and family function and metabolic control in type 1 diabetic children
افسانه صبحی حسن احدی سدالله رجب مسعود حجازیThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality characteristics and family functioning with metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin) in type 1 diabetic children. Research method was correlation and statistical populat MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality characteristics and family functioning with metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin) in type 1 diabetic children. Research method was correlation and statistical population included parents with type 1 diabetic children who were the members of Iran Diabetes Association, and also parents with healthy children were included, among them 211 parents with type 1 diabetic children and 220 parents with healthy children were chosen by simple and cluster random sampling. The assessment tools included the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1989), McMaster Family Assessment Device (Epstein et al, 1983) and questions on children metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin). Data were analyzed using multiple regression analyses (stepwise) and multivariate analyses of variance. Results showed significant positive relationship between neuroticism of mothers and family dysfunction in affective involvement dimension to glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic children (P < 0/01). Parents with diabetic children were higher neuroticism and lower extroversion than parents with healthy children. In addition, parents with diabetic children had significant difference in roles, affective responsiveness, and affective involvement dimensions in comparison with parents with healthy children (P < 0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Effecti of Life Skills Training on Improving SCL-90 Psychological Indicators and Quality of Life in Patients with Diabetes
Fatemeh Khani Mohammad Reza Samsam Shariat Ali Mehdad Fatemeh Taki Mehrdad Kourang Beheshti Roya HekmatravanThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of life skills training on improving SCL-90 psychological indicators and quality of life in patients with diabetes. The present research was a quasi-experimental study by pre-post test and control group design. Stat MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of life skills training on improving SCL-90 psychological indicators and quality of life in patients with diabetes. The present research was a quasi-experimental study by pre-post test and control group design. Statistical population included all the patients referred to the professional clinic of diabetes, Aryana Clinic. The sample randomly recruited from those patients interested in participating in life skills training. According to the diagnosis of professional clinic, the sample were divided into experimental (n=35), and control (n=35) groups. Research tools included 1- Symptom Check-list 90 and 2-World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-26). The results of MANOVA showed that mean scores of experimental group were lower in Symptom Check-list 90 (psychoticism, phobic anxiety, anxiety, depression, OCD, somatization and mental health (P < 0.01) and higher in WHOQOL -26(physical and mental satisfaction (P < 0.05) compared to control group. It was concluded that life skills training program could have a significant effect on improving mental health and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Fasting Plasma sugar and Self-efficacy in women with type 2 diabetes
Leila Mohaddes Shakouri Ganjavi Hasan Ahadi farhad jomehri Javad KhalatbariThis research aimed to assess the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on fasting blood sugar level and self-efficacy in type II diabetic women. Research methodology was quasi-experimental with pre & post-test, and follow-up (3 months) with a control group. S MoreThis research aimed to assess the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on fasting blood sugar level and self-efficacy in type II diabetic women. Research methodology was quasi-experimental with pre & post-test, and follow-up (3 months) with a control group. Statistical population was all type II diabetic women, who referred to the Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran. Thirty female diabetic patients were selected by convenient sampling method and randomly assigned into two groups, experimental group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). General Self-efficacy Scale (Sherer and Maddux, 1982) and Fasting Blood Sugar Test were used in the pre-test stage. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of therapy while the control group received no intervention. Finally, both groups were subjected to post-test and follow-up (3 months). Data analysis for the self-efficacy variable was done using the univariate analysis of covariance and repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data obtained through pre and post-meal blood sugar tests. Findings showed that after treatments there was a significant difference between test and control group. So that in experimental group, the mean score of self-efficacy and fasting blood sugar level increased and decreased, respectively, compared to the control (p < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Improving of Diabetes Diagnosis using Ensembles and Machine Learning Methods
Razieh Asgarnezhad Karrar Ali Mohsin Alhameedawi -
Open Access Article
27 - The Effect Of Hydro-alcoholic Leaf Extract Of Olea europaea on the Levels Of Gonadotropins, Sex Hormones and Sperma togenesis in Diabetic Rat
Fatemeh Moieni Mokhtar Mokhtari Esfandiyar SharifiInroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europae MoreInroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) on the levels of gonadotropin, sex hormones and spermatogenesis in diabetic male rats.Materials and Methods:48 adult male wistar rats each weighing about 220-250g was randomly divided into six groups of eight. These groups included: control group which left untreated; sham group which received distilled water; experimental group 1 ,received only 500 mg.kg-1 leaf extract; experimental group 2(diabetic control) receiving only Streptozotocin; and diabetic experimental groups 3and 4 receiving 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 extract respectively. The extract was administered daily by gavageing method for 21 days. Blood samples were taken from all groups and serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone were measured by RIA. In this study, the histological changes in testis were cross examined and compared between experimental , control and sham groups.Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tokay tests, and PResults:Levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone showed a significant decrease in the diabetic control group in respect to control and sham groups (P-1)exhibited a significant increase, compared to them in experimental group 2(diabetic control).Conclusion: Extract hydro-alcoholic olive leaf, can reduce the side effects of diabetes on levels of gonadotropins, sex hormones, spermatogenesis and can improve pituitary – testis axsis in diabetic rat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Effect Of Lactobacillus casei TD2 Iranian Native Probiotic on Blood Sugar Level in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
Hamid Badkoube Parvaneh Jafari Neda AkbariInroduction and Objective: Diabetes is a state of chronic hyperglycemia due to lack of secretion of insulin or the inability of cells to use insulin to happen. Probiotics also have a variety of biological activities including anti-diabetic activity. The purpose of this MoreInroduction and Objective: Diabetes is a state of chronic hyperglycemia due to lack of secretion of insulin or the inability of cells to use insulin to happen. Probiotics also have a variety of biological activities including anti-diabetic activity. The purpose of this study is the effect of Lactobacillus on the glycemic index in diabetic rats.Materials and Methods:To perform thisexperiment, 40 male Wistar rats were used in the four groups: control group consisted of healthy, diabetic group, and groups including the control group receiving probiotics and probiotic diabetic groups were divided. Groups of diabetic rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin diabetic levels were 60 mg/kg. Daily for 21 days, Lactobacillus casei 109 cfu/ml TD2 as much as the gastric gavage to groups of mice were given. Finally, the blood glucose levels were evaluated.Results:The results showed that L. casei TD2 significantly (PConclusion:The results suggest that L. casei strain TD2 prevent an increase in serum glucose levels in diabetic mice, are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Study the Respiratory Burst Of Peripheral Blood Monocytes in the Presence Of Saccharomyces cerevisiae β–Glucan in Patients with Diabetes
Mohammad Hosain Arash Asadirad Azadeh Tofighi Ali ShahnavazInroduction and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with epidemic potential. Diabetics are faced with complications of metabolic disorders and defects in their immune system. The use of immune system stimulating agents, such as beta-glucan is one of the re MoreInroduction and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with epidemic potential. Diabetics are faced with complications of metabolic disorders and defects in their immune system. The use of immune system stimulating agents, such as beta-glucan is one of the researcher's interests to reduce the complications of diabetes. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of beta- glucan cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains AT-3 on the respiratory burst of peripheral blood monocytes in patients with diabetes.Material and Methods: Peripheral blood of 53 patients with diabetes and 50 nondiabetic patients with an average of 39 years were sampled from Vali-Asr Hospital of Zanjan. Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain AT-3 were broken using sonikator. The cell wall was isolated. Beta- glucan was extracted from the wall. Nitro Blue Tetrazolium test was used to evaluate the respiratory burst of monocytes stimulated with beta glucan. Data were analyzed using multi-way ANOVA .Results:The results indicated that the respiratory burst of stimulated monocytes was increased in both men and women. The effect was dose dependent and it was significantly higher in women (pConclusion:Beta- glucan extracted fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae strain AT-3 isa potent immune system activator Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Effects Of Pomegranate Juice on Liver Enzymes (ALT, ALP, AST) in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Rats
ٍSayeed Ebrahim Hosseini Davod Mehrabani Elham RezaieInroduction and Objective: Diabetesis a metabolic resulting from defects in insulin secretion and function. Pomegranate is a nutritional substance, used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. In the current study we checked the treating effects of the pomegranate j MoreInroduction and Objective: Diabetesis a metabolic resulting from defects in insulin secretion and function. Pomegranate is a nutritional substance, used in traditional medicine to treat diabetes. In the current study we checked the treating effects of the pomegranate juice on diabetes and its side effects on liver.Thus, in the current studyinvestigated the effects of pomegranate juice on liver enzymes (ALT, ALP, AST) in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.Material and Methods: In the current study, 90 adult male Wistar rats weighing 200 to 220 g each were randomly selected and divided to five groups of control(without any intervention), sham (distilled water),experimental diabeticand non –diabetic1,2 and 3 groups (4cc of pomegranate juice (PJ)). Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitionesl injection of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin. In the experimental groups, rats were treated for 21days with a signal dose of pomegranate juice for each day. At the end of the day 21, a blood sample was taken from the experimental and control group and were measuredthe serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP).The data were evaluated usingANOVA and LSD.Results: Resultsshowedthat pomegranate juice reduces significantly liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) in the diabetic group than in the control group and the control group had no significant effect.Conclusion: Pomegranate juice with flavonoid and antioxidant compounds and also due to decrease blood glucose levels causes enzymes of ALT, AST, and ALP indiabeticrats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effect Of Hydro-alcoholic Leaf Extract Of Olea europaea on the Levels Of Gonadotropins, Sex Hormones and Sperma togenesis in Diabetic Rat
Fatemeh MoieniInroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europae MoreInroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) on the levels of gonadotropin, sex hormones and spermatogenesis in diabetic male rats.Materials and Methods:48 adult male wistar rats each weighing about 220-250g was randomly divided into six groups of eight. These groups included: control group which left untreated; sham group which received distilled water; experimental group 1 ,received only 500 mg.kg-1 leaf extract; experimental group 2(diabetic control) receiving only Streptozotocin; and diabetic experimental groups 3and 4 receiving 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 extract respectively. The extract was administered daily by gavageing method for 21 days. Blood samples were taken from all groups and serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone were measured by RIA. In this study, the histological changes in testis were cross examined and compared between experimental , control and sham groups.Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tokay tests, and PResults:Levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone showed a significant decrease in the diabetic control group in respect to control and sham groups (P-1)exhibited a significant increase, compared to them in experimental group 2(diabetic control).Conclusion: Extract hydro-alcoholic olive leaf, can reduce the side effects of diabetes on levels of gonadotropins, sex hormones, spermatogenesis and can improve pituitary – testis axsis in diabetic rat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Effect of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training and Supplementation of Resveratrol on Oxidative Marker MDA and Antioxidant SOD and GPX Cardiomyocytes Tissue in Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats
ali mehriInroduction & Objective:The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic training with resveratrol supplementation on regulatory and executive factors of cardiomyocytes apoptosis in streptococci diabetic male rats Material and Method:In an exper MoreInroduction & Objective:The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic training with resveratrol supplementation on regulatory and executive factors of cardiomyocytes apoptosis in streptococci diabetic male rats Material and Method:In an experimental study, 50 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 healthy controls, diabetics, resveratrol supplements, aerobic training and complementary resveratrol + aerobic training. Diabetes was induced by single injection of streptozotocin, ml / kg. The program of exercise, exercise and supplementation groups began for 8 weeks and 5 days a week on the training of Treadmill. All animals were completely and similarly treated, followed by 14-12hours of fasting and 48 hours after the last training session, anesthetized and sacrificed. After cardiac output and homogenization, the concentration (GPX, SOD, and MDA) was measured as ELISA. Results: After induction of diabetes, the concentration of GPX and SOD in the cardiac system was significantly lower than healthy controls, while MDA concentration increased significantly in these conditions. However, exercise interaction and resveratrol had a significant effect on the concentration of cardiac SOD, while the interaction of these two effects there was no concentration of MDA and GPX in the heart. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise and resveratrol have a beneficial effect on cardiac apoptosis in inducing diabetes, but their interaction is not significant in the process of cardiac apoptosis. Of course aerobic exercise and resveratrol can be used as complementary medicine for protecting myocardial cells against the invasive induced apoptosis induced by diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats
امینه صحرانورد افسانه امامی مقدمInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and chlorella supplementation on renal antioxidants in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods:50 male adult wistar rats were randomized into healthy contro MoreInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and chlorella supplementation on renal antioxidants in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods:50 male adult wistar rats were randomized into healthy control, diabetic control, training, supplement (chlorella) and training-supplementation(synergistic intervention) groups and the diabetes induced using intraperitoneal injection of sterptozocin (STZ). Throughout the intervention period, chlorella extract was consumed daily with the dosage equal to 5% of body weight prior to the morning meal for eight weeks and the training was included on treadmill running for 5 days/week (on a smart automated animal device). The data were compared using two way factorial and one way ANOVA. Results: In all groups the higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities as well as lower body weight compared to healthy controls were remarkable following to intervention period (P<0.05), however; all three interventions diminished the diabetes induced increases in the activity of these enzymes as well as body weight reductions (P<0.05). Furthermore, while there were no between group differences in the effects from training, chlorella supplementation or synergistic intervention upon SOD activity, however; the synergistic effect was better than both them to diminish diabetes induced changes in CAT activity and/or body weight. there is no significant differences were observed in plasma glucose level in between the training and synergistic intervention groups with healthy controls, while a significant difference were demonstrated for these two groups compared to chlorella group (P<0.05). Conclusion: These elevated enzymes activities could probably attributable to the amelioration of the oxidative stress by the organism in the kidneys and the higher lipid peroxidation and hazardous effect from diabetes on kidneys. However; because of the lack of similar evidences and some methodological limitations in this study, more research remains to be done in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Effect of eight weeks aerobic training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats
آسیه عباسی دلویی sahar rezaee alireza barari mozghan ahmadiIntroduction & Objective: Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with enhanced oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the of eight weeks aerobic training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the heart tissue of type 2 di MoreIntroduction & Objective: Chronic hyperglycemia is associated with enhanced oxidative stress-induced myocardial injury. The aim of this study was to investigate the of eight weeks aerobic training on the levels of antioxidant enzymes in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: To implementation of this experimental research, 40 male Wistar rats (weight 185.2±22.7 gr) randomly were divided into 4 groups including control, diabetes, training and diabetes-training. In this study, the rats were type 2 diabetic using peritoneal injection nicotinamide-STZ. aerobic training performed with intensity of 50-60% VO2max, 5 days a week and for 8 weeks. The levels of the antioxidant catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in heart tissue were measured using kit and by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at the p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that the levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic control rats was lower than the healthy control group (P=0.001). Eight weeks of aerobic training significantly increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats (P=0.001). Conclusion: According to the research results, aerobic exercise may improve the cardiac function of diabetic subjects by increasing the antioxidant enzymes in the heart tissue. As a result, these training are recommended as adjunctive therapy in these patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Effect of β-sitosterol-enriched walnut oil on blood parameters and liver function in diabetic rats
Monireh Ghorbani عبدالحسین شیروی Gholamhassan Vaezi Vida Hojati Hamid SepehriProblems and complications associated with liver enzyme changes can be regarded as some effects of Diabetes Mellitus. Using a nutritional approach is a significant part of the prevention, control and treatment process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect MoreProblems and complications associated with liver enzyme changes can be regarded as some effects of Diabetes Mellitus. Using a nutritional approach is a significant part of the prevention, control and treatment process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of walnut oil enriched with beta-cytosol on blood parameters of liver function in diabetic rats.The study sample consisted of 30 mice divided into 5 groups of 6 rats, where each group was kept in a separate cage. Five treatments were considered in this experiment, where control group received normal saline, the second treatment were given pure walnut oil without the addition of β-sitosterol and the other three groups were gavaged with 30, 45, 60 mg / kg β-sitosterol. After 4 weeks of gavage, the next stage of blood sampling was performed. Insulin and blood glucose were measured after blood serum separation along with the measurement of blood factors such as cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density cholesterol (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and albumin. Significant differences existed among the mean values of the tests in the control group and the intervention groups without, with 30 mg/kg, with 45 mg/kg, and with 60 mg/kg β-sitosterol. These significant differences among the treatments were seen in mean fasting blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density cholesterol (HDL), total aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and albumin.β-sitosterol-enriched walnut oil can be regarded as a helpful option to control diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The effect of HIIT and thyme honey on gene expression of cardiac tissue apoptotic indices and insulin resistance index in type 2 diabetic rats
bahareh behaeen Hossein َAbedntanzi mandana gholami farshad ghazalianInroduction & Objective: Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that can cause damage and cell death or apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene of heart tissue and insulin resistance index MoreInroduction & Objective: Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that can cause damage and cell death or apoptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic gene of heart tissue and insulin resistance index after intense intermittent exercise and consumption of thyme honey in diabetic type 2 rats. Materials and Methods: The statistical population consisted of rats. After 20 weeks of high fat diet and injection of STZ became diabetic. Rats in 4 groups: control(n=6),HIIT(n= 8),thyme honey(n= 6),HIIT-thyme honey (n=8) trained HIIT for eight weeks, five sessions per week with intense 2-minute intense alternation with 2 to 8 alternations and with 80 to 90% vo2max and one-minute rest alternation with 50 to 56% vo2max.Thyme honey was given by gavage at a rate of 3g/kg 5days a week. Glucose, insulin and expression of Bax and Bcl2 genes and their ratio was calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using two-factor analysis of variance test and determining the effect size and Bonfroni post hoc.Results: HIIT and thyme honey decreased Bax gene expression and increased Bcl2 expression in heart cells (P<0.05). HIIT and thyme honey in diabetic rats led to improved glucose and insulin levels and decreased insulin resistance index. It also decreased the expression of Bax gene and increased the expression of Bcl2 (P<0.05). Conclusion: HIIT with thyme honey led to improved glycemic profile and changes in glucose and insulin levels, as well as positive and appropriate changes in the expression of cardiac and anti-apoptotic genes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of six weeks of aerobic exercise on the expression of genes involved in aortic tissue pyroptosis of healthy and diabetic male mice
samira hasanpoor solimani asieh abbassi daloii Ahmad Abdi shirin zilaei bouriInroduction & Objective: In diabetes, inflammatory processes play a key role and affect all the complications of diabetes. Inflammation is associated with the caspase-1 process, which activates the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, leading to the dea MoreInroduction & Objective: In diabetes, inflammatory processes play a key role and affect all the complications of diabetes. Inflammation is associated with the caspase-1 process, which activates the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, leading to the death of inflammatory proteins, which is one of the occurrences of pyroptosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of aerobic exercise on the expression of genes involved in aortic tissue apoptosis in healthy and diabetic mice. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, forty male rats (8 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups (10 in each group) after familiarization with exercise protocol: 1) control-healthy, 2) control-diabetes, 3) exercise-diabetes, and 4) exercise. -Healthy. Diabetes model was first induced, then run for 5 days on treadmill for 6 weeks. After 12 to 14 hours of fasting and 72 hours after the last training session, aortic tissue sampling was performed for IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 analysis by Real Time PCR technique. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, if significant difference was seen by Tukey post hoc test to determine the difference between groups (P <0.05). Results: Induction of diabetes led to a significant increase in IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 genes expression in rat aorta, which resulted in a significant decrease in aerobic exercise. Also, aerobic exercise in healthy mice also decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3 and Caspase-1 gene in aortic tissue. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise may be used as an effective non-pharmacological method to improve diabetes-induced inflammation and prevent vascular disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Effect of Viola tricolor hydro-ethanolic extract on serum glucose and lipids in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats
Abbas Vakilian Masoumeh Asle Rousta مهدی رهنماBackground & Aims: Viola tricolor is one of the medicinal plants of the Violaceae family, which possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the effect of V. tricolor hydro-ethanolic extract on glucose levels and serum lipid MoreBackground & Aims: Viola tricolor is one of the medicinal plants of the Violaceae family, which possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the effect of V. tricolor hydro-ethanolic extract on glucose levels and serum lipid profile in diabetic rats.Materials & Methods: The rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin and nicotine to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats were divided into four groups. The first group received no treatment, and the second to fourth groups received glibenclamide and extract of V. tricolor with doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg for 30 consecutive days by gavage. Blood glucose level, lipid profile, and body weight were assessed at the end of the period.Results: When administered at a dose of 600 mg/kg, V. tricolor extract significantly reduced the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein in the serum of diabetic rats. It also increased high-density lipoprotein and body weight in these animals.Conclusion: The results indicate that the Viola tricolor is beneficial in reducing complications caused by type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The effect of aerobic exercise and diet on selected physical fitness indices and blood glucose hemostasis in patients with diabetes type I
Farkhondeh sadat Abdolrahimi Raziyeh Shoyoie -
Open Access Article
40 - The effect of combined exercise training on Body composition, Upper limb Range of motion, Shoulder pain, and Glucose homeostasis in type II diabetic patients after breast cancer surgery
maryam koulaei Nasibeh Ezeddin Anahita Shabani mona Mehdizadeh Haghighi Mohammad HedayatiThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a period of combined training on the Body composition, Range of motion Upper limb, Shoulder pain rate, Glucose homeostasis in type II diabetic patients after breast cancer surgery. The sample of the study in MoreThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a period of combined training on the Body composition, Range of motion Upper limb, Shoulder pain rate, Glucose homeostasis in type II diabetic patients after breast cancer surgery. The sample of the study included 30 individuals who underwent breast surgery.the Experimental group had resistance exercises using band Pilates and aerobic exercises with 50-70% maximum heart rate(n=15), and the control group had the same exercise(n=15). the training sessions were planned as x 3 per week for a period of 8 weeks. the Body composition, Range of motion, pain, Glucose homeostasis of all individuals was evaluated before and after training. according to the measurements It was concluded that that there is a significant difference in the BMI between the two groups (P <0.05). The results also demonstrated that there is a significant difference in the Glucose homeostasis among the two research groups (P <0.05), however, this difference was not significant in Insulin resistance. After 8 weeks, the combined exercise showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P <0.05) and the flexion and extension limbs of the shoulder, the internal and external shoulder rotation, flexion and elbow exertion of the subjects. But the pain did not have a significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The effects of 8 weeks of high and moderate intensities of interval exercise on irisin and adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male rats
Roya BesharatiThe effects of 8 weeks of high and moderate intensities of interval exercise on irisin and adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male ratsIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high and moderate intensities of interval exercise on irisin and MoreThe effects of 8 weeks of high and moderate intensities of interval exercise on irisin and adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male ratsIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high and moderate intensities of interval exercise on irisin and adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male rats. Material & Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: healthy and diabetic, and then diabetic rats were randomly divided into three subgroups of diabetic control and two groups HIIT and MIIT so that the present study was performed on four groups (8 groups each). The training was performed in the MIIT with 65-70% and in the HIIT group with 85-90% of the maximum oxygen consumption during eight weeks. 24 hours after the last training session, the mice were removed by intraperitoneal injection of a combination of anesthetic ketamine and xylazine. The levels of irisin and adipolin were measured by the ELISA method. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: The results of the post hoc test indicated a significant increase in irisin and adipolin in the high and moderate-intensity interval training groups compared to the control group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between high-intensity and moderate-intensity training groups (p = 0.274). Conclusions: moderate and high-intensity interval training lead to a significant increase in irisin and adipolin in diabetic rats.Keywords: Diabetes, Irisin, Adipolin, interval training Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Effect of circuit resistance and jogging exercise training on the markers of metabolic syndrome in women with type 2 diabetes
Marzieh Nazari Ramin Shabani Shahram Gholamrezaei darsara -
Open Access Article
43 - The Effects Of 8 Weeks of High and Moderate Intensity Interval Training on Irisin and Adipolin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Male Rats
Roya BesharatiAim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high and moderate intensity interval training on Irisin and Adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: healthy and diabetic, diabetic rats MoreAim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high and moderate intensity interval training on Irisin and Adipolin levels in type 2 diabetic male rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: healthy and diabetic, diabetic rats were randomly divided into three subgroups of diabetic control and two HIIT and MIIT groups; so that the present study was performed on four groups (8 per each group). The training was performed with 65-70% and 85-90% of the maximum oxygen consumption in MIIT and HIIT groups, respectively. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the mice were removed by intraperitoneal injection of a combination of anaesthetic ketamine and xylazine. The levels of Irisin and adipolin were measured by ELISA method. Data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Results: The results of the post hoc test indicated a significant increase in irisin and adipolin in the HIIT and MIIT groups compared to the control group (p = 0.001). There was no significant difference between HIIT and MIIT groups (p = 0.274). Conclusion: HIIT and MIIT could lead to a significant increase in irisin and adipolin in diabetic rats. Keywords: Diabetes, Irisin, Adipolin and interval training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Comparison the effects of aqua aerobic and resistance training on blood sugar and insulin resistance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Nasibeh Kazemi Seyed Ali Hosseini -
Open Access Article
45 - Effects of short term lifestyle activity modification on lipid profiles in obese and overweight middle aged men with type 2 diabetes
Jalil Ghasemianpoor Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh Mahani -
Open Access Article
46 - Effect of endurance, resistance and combined trainings on glycemic control and lipid profile of type2 diabetic patients
Farzad Khosravi Zahra Rahimi -
Open Access Article
47 - Effects of resistance training on insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cells function in male patients with type 2 diabetes
Latifeh Tavakol Mohadeseh Nematolahzadeh Mahani -
Open Access Article
48 - Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids profile and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes
Rasul Azizi Amin Mohammadi Domieh -
Open Access Article
49 - Effect of aerobic training intensity on irisin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Sahar Heidari Mehrzad Moghadasi -
Open Access Article
50 - Effect of 8 weeks resistance training on renal function in type2 diabetic men
Azita Eslami -
Open Access Article
51 - High intensity endurance training improves metabolic syndrome in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh Rahim Shirazi-nezhad -
Open Access Article
52 - Physical activity and type 2 diabetes: A narrative review
Eskandar Rahimi -
Open Access Article
53 - Regular aerobic training improves insulin resistance but not pancreatic β-cells function in female patients with type 2 diabetes
Mohsen Omidi Mehrzad Moghadasi -
Open Access Article
54 - The effect of aerobic training and its combination with acceptance and commitment therapy on insulin sensitivity, C-reactive protein and depressive symptoms in women with type 2 diabetes
Nader Moghaddam Dizaj Herik Naimeh Moheb Abdol Ali Banaeifar Nasser Agha Mohammadzadeh -
Open Access Article
55 - The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the perception of disease and psychological capital of patients with type 2 diabetes
Abootaleb Saeidi Sheida Jabalameli Yosof Gorji Amrollah EbrahimiThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the perception of disease and psychological capital of patients with type 2 diabetes in Shahrekord in 1398. In this quasi-experimental study, pre-test-post-test design and contro MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the perception of disease and psychological capital of patients with type 2 diabetes in Shahrekord in 1398. In this quasi-experimental study, pre-test-post-test design and control group were used. For this purpose, 30 people with type 2 diabetes who had a file in the Shahrekord Diabetes Association were selected using purposive sampling using the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Data collection tools included Disease Perception Questionnaire (Bradbent et al., 2006) and Psychological Capital (McGee, 2011) which were completed by the participants. Then the experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of cognitive-behavioral therapy and finally the data using the method Analysis of covariance was analyzed. The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy improved the perception of the disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (p <5%). The results also showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy increased psychological capital and its components in patients with type 2 diabetes (p <5%). The cognitive-behavioral group intervention with the protocol used in this study was effective in increasing the perception of disease and psychological capital in the population with diabetes and this method can be used along with drug therapies for patients with type 2diabetes. One of the limitations of this study is the limited sample of patients with type 2 diabetes, which can not be a good and sufficient indicator for the community. Therefore, generalizing the results only to the target community is logical and possible, and for other levels we must do so with caution. Data were prepared using self-report questionnaires that may have response biases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Mediating Role of Resilience in the Relationship between Positive thinking and subjective well-being of diabetic patients
ramin niroomandi Maryam akbari hamzeh ahmadian Abbas Bakhsheepour RoodsariIn the short term, chronic diseases such as diabetes by reducing a person's independence and interaction impair his subjective well-being and cause problems. Positive thinking seems to play an important role in helping these patients. In this regard, the present study c MoreIn the short term, chronic diseases such as diabetes by reducing a person's independence and interaction impair his subjective well-being and cause problems. Positive thinking seems to play an important role in helping these patients. In this regard, the present study conducted to determine the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between Positive thinking and subjective well-being of diabetic patients in Bonab County. This study was a descriptive correlational study using structural equation modeling. The statistical population was all active members of Bonab Diabetes Association in 1397. From this population, 500 people selected by simple random sampling. Data collected with the Rashid Positive Psychotherapy Inventory (2008), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) and the Warwick Edinburgh Subjective Well-being Questionnaire (2007) and were analyzed using SPSS-v25 and LISREL-v8.8 software by structural equation modeling. The results showed that the direct paths from Positive thinking to Subjective well-being (β=0.27, p < 0.05), Positive thinking to resilience (β=0.83, p < 0.01) and resilience to Subjective well-being (β=0.80, p < 0.01) were statistically significant. Indirectly through resilience, Positive thinking also had a positive and significant effect on Subjective well-being (β=0.83, p < 0.01).Due to limitations most be caution exercised, however it seems useful to pay attention to the Positive thinking model in the treatment plan and counseling of diabetic patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Effect of Body Mass Index, Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on Successful aging with the mediating role of Quality of Life in the Elderly with type2 Diabetes
Mahin Exir Zohreh Raisi Hossein Ali Mehrabi Mohammad SoltanizadehThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption on successful aging mediated by quality of life in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption on successful aging mediated by quality of life in the elderly with type 2 diabetes. The research method is cross-sectional correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all elderly people aged 60 years and older with type 2 diabetes covered by health centers in Shiraz in 1398, from which 593 people were selected by available sampling method in two stages. In this study, the tools of brief cognitive status test (Fulstein et al., 1975), physical function questionnaire (Bartel, 1965), and for successful aging, social welfare questionnaire (Keys, 2004), spiritual health questionnaire (Polutzon and Allison, 1982). Life satisfaction (Diner, 1985) and quality of life questionnaire (Thomas, 1986) were used, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. SPSS-V23 and PLS software were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling was also used to answer the research hypotheses. Findings showed that the model was confirmed by model fit at the intermediate level. The results also showed that no significant relationship was observed between the variables of body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption and successful aging mediated by quality of life. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables in prevention and designing more appropriate treatments will help researchers and therapists in the elderly with diabetes. Subsequent results of the study showed that there is an inverse and insignificant relationship between alcohol consumption in the elderly with type 2 diabetes and successful aging with mediated quality of life. Among the problems of different countries, especially developing countries, is the association of the phenomenon of population transition with epidemiological transition. In this way, at the same time as passing from a young population with high fertility and death to a population with low fertility and death, by implementing a program to fight infectious diseases and promote education and health, the pattern of community diseases in favor of chronic diseases such as diabetes Has changed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - A review of oxidative stress in diabetic patients with the approach of exercise training
Pouria Ahmadi Mehran GhahramaniIntroduction: The consequence of the oxidative stress process is the overproduction of free radicals, which are toxic products of oxygen metabolism and cause damage to different part of the cell, such as DNA and membrane and play a major role in the pathogenesis of diab MoreIntroduction: The consequence of the oxidative stress process is the overproduction of free radicals, which are toxic products of oxygen metabolism and cause damage to different part of the cell, such as DNA and membrane and play a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. This article examines information about the role of oxidative stress in diabetic patients and the effect of exercise training on this process in this type of diseases. Methods: To carry out the present research, from the keywords found in more than 43 valid researches in various specialized sites, such as: Google scholar, Science Direct and articles in the journals: Experimental diabetes research, Med Sci Monit, MDPI which were previously in this field such as oxidative stress, ROS and…were done. Findings: The production of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation increases in diabetic patients, the studies in this research show that exercise training can increase the activity of antioxidant systems. Exercise helps to restraint the effects of diabetes in cell damage. Conclusion: Exercise training cause to control oxidative stress in patients with diabetes and contrast with over levels of its. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The effect of endurance training and consumption of nettle plant extract on immune and inflammatory indicators of diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin.
pooya mirzai Khalid Mohamadzadeh salamatThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance exercise and consumption of nettle extract on immune and inflammatory indicators of diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin. 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups of 10 s MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance exercise and consumption of nettle extract on immune and inflammatory indicators of diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin. 70 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 7 groups of 10 series, 1- healthy control, 2- diabetic control, 3- nettle, 4- metformin, 5- exercise, 6- nettle + exercise, 7- metformin + exercise. Groups 3 and 6 received nettle extract and 4 and 7 metformin for four weeks; Groups 5-7 did endurance training during this time. At the end of the treatment period, blood samples of mice were taken to measure immune cells, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was collected. The results showed that the nettle, exercise and nettle+exercise groups had the lowest number of neutrophils compared to the diabetic control group. The number of basophils in the metformin group and the number of lymphocytes in the nettle and nettle + exercise groups were significantly lower than the diabetic control group. The concentration of CRP and IL-6 was significantly lower only in nettle + exercise group compared to the diabetic control group. Also, IL-2 and TNF-α in all treatment groups showed lower and significant values compared to the diabetic control group (P<0.05). According to these results, it can be concluded that the use of nettle during aerobic exercise improves the condition of diabetic patients by reducing systemic inflammation and strengthening immune function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A review on the role of irisin and adipolin in diabetes and obesity conditions with an exercise approach
Maryam Shojaee Saleh RahmatiThe interplay between irisin, adipolin, physical activity, diabetes, and obesity is a multifaceted and complex issue with important implications for our understanding of metabolic health. Irisin and adipolin are cytokines that are secreted during physical activity. Thes MoreThe interplay between irisin, adipolin, physical activity, diabetes, and obesity is a multifaceted and complex issue with important implications for our understanding of metabolic health. Irisin and adipolin are cytokines that are secreted during physical activity. These cytokines play an important role in regulating metabolic functions in the body. Irisin, in particular, has received attention for its potential to increase thermogenesis and improve glucose homeostasis. It has been shown that physical activity increases the secretion of irisin, which leads to increased fat burning and energy consumption. Irisin turns white fat tissue into brown and helps to lose weight and prevent obesity. In the field of diabetes, irisin is promising as a potential therapeutic target. Studies have shown that irisin can increase insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells, which may be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, irisin has anti-inflammatory properties and reduces chronic low-grade inflammation commonly associated with obesity and diabetes. Adipolin is another myokine associated with metabolic health. Similar to the effects of irisin, adipolin has anti-inflammatory properties and helps to regulate the metabolism of adipose tissue. The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of irisin and adipolin in diabetes and obesity with an exercise approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Investigating the Relationship between Cognitive Flexibility and Mindfulness with Emotion Regulation in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Hananeh Mohammad Beigi Selahshor saeed motevaliPurpose: Emotion regulation plays an important role in other psychological variables including health in diabetic patients. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between cognitive flexibility and mindfulness with emo MorePurpose: Emotion regulation plays an important role in other psychological variables including health in diabetic patients. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between cognitive flexibility and mindfulness with emotion regulation in type 2 diabetic patients.Methodology: The current research in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was type 2 diabetic patients referred to diabetes clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital's in the winter of 2017 and spring of 2018. The sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan table was estimated to be 181 people who this number after checking the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method. The research tools were questionnaires of cognitive flexibility (Dennis and Vander Wal, 2010), mindfulness-short form (Walach et al, 2006) and emotion regulation (Gross and John, 2003). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with stepwise model in SPSS-22 software.Findings: The findings showed that cognitive flexibility and mindfulness had a positive and significant relationship with emotion regulation in type 2 diabetic patients and in addition, cognitive flexibility and mindfulness variables significantly could predict 38% of emotion regulation changes in type 2 diabetes patients which in this prediction the contribution of cognitive flexibility was higher than mindfulness (P˂0.01).Conclusion: According to results of this research, in order to improve emotion regulation in type 2 diabetic patients, it is possible to improve cognitive flexibility and mindfulness through educational workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Effect of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy on Emotion Regulation and Health Hardiness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Gholamreza Sanagouye Moharer Fatemeh Soghra Karbalai Harafteh Fatemeh Kahaki Razieh Khosravi Hanieh NobakhtPurpose: Present study was conducted aimed to determine the effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on emotion regulation and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test desig MorePurpose: Present study was conducted aimed to determine the effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on emotion regulation and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was patients with type 2 diabetes of Zahedan city in 2020 year. The research sample were 40 people who were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group 8 sessions of 90-minute underwent the intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy and the control group did not see any training. The research tools were the Gross and John emotion regulation questionnaire (2003) and Gebhardt and et al revised health hardiness inventory (2001). Data were analyzed by methods of chi-square, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS version 25 software.Findings: The findings showed that the experimental and control groups had not significantly different in terms of age, gender, education, marriage and duration of disease (P>0.05). Also, the groups in the pre-test stage had not significantly different in terms of emotion regulation and health hardiness (P>0.05), but in the post-test stage had significantly different in terms of both variables (P<0.05). In the other words, intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy significantly increased emotion regulation and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.001).Conclusion: Due to the effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on increasing emotion regulation and health hardiness, planning is necessary for the use of this treatment. As a result, health professionals and therapists can use intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy along with other therapies methods to improve the psychological characteristics, especially improving emotion regulation and health hardiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation Therapy on Depression and Sexual Satisfaction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Mohsen Rahjerdi Mansour Sodani Maryam Gholamzadeh jofre Parviz AsgariPurpose: This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy on depression and sexual satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementatio MorePurpose: This research was conducted with the aim to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy on depression and sexual satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was a single case experimental from type of non-concurrent multiple baseline design. The research population was patients with type 2 diabetes of Mashhad city in 2019 year, which from them 4 people were selected by purposive sampling method. All four people individually underwent 6 sessions of 90-minute behavioral activation therapy. The research instruments were scales of Beck depression (1967) and Hudson et al sexual satisfaction (1981). Data were analyzed using reliable change index (RCI) and maximum percentage of improvement (MPI).Findings: The results showed that behavioral activation therapy significantly led to decreased depression and increased sexual satisfaction in all four patients with type 2 diabetes.Conclusion: Regarded to results, planning to use this therapy method is necessary. As a result, counselors and therapists can use behavioral activation therapy along with other therapies methods to improve psychological characteristics, especially decrease depression and increase sexual satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Role of An Intermediary Family Communication Patterns in the Relationship between the Anxiety of Health and Self Care in Diabetics
Zahra Taher Nasab Amiri Ahmad TorabiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family anxiety and self-care mediated family patterns in women with diabetes. The method of this research is descriptive correlational which identifies the relationship between research variables. The MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between family anxiety and self-care mediated family patterns in women with diabetes. The method of this research is descriptive correlational which identifies the relationship between research variables. The statistical population of this study included all diabetic women in Tehran, which is reported by the Association of Diabetes, which is 2800 people. The method of this research was randomly clustered and the number of sample groups according to Morgan table was 338 people. The Glasgow and Tubert Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire (1994), the Christensen and Salavi Couples Pattern Patterns Questionnaire (1984) and the Healthy Anxiety Questionnaire for the Sickookis and Warwick (2002) Health Questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings of the research indicate that the direct effect of health anxiety on self-care (0 117) is significant at the level of 0.05. The indirect effect of health anxiety on self-care (-0.21) is significant through a constructive interaction at the level of 0.01. Therefore, under the component of interacting constructive variable, communication patterns play the role of mediating between health anxiety and self-care. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between self-care anxiety and mediation of family communication patterns in women with diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment-Based Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on the Cognitive Flexibility of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Mina Dekani Mohammad Kazem Fakhri Ramzan HassanzadehAbstractPeople with diabetes face psychological challenges. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to treatments based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in this field. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness MoreAbstractPeople with diabetes face psychological challenges. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to treatments based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in this field. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of commitment and acceptance based cognitive therapy on cognitive flexibility of patients with type 2 diabetes. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a witness group. The statistical population of the current study was all type 2 diabetic patients who referred to Maternal Diabetes Center, Tubi Specialized and Subspecialized Clinic, and Mostafavian Clinic in Sari city in 2018-2019. 30 people were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. Simple randomization was performed in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Dennis and Vanderwaal (2010) cognitive flexibility scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and multivariate covariance analysis and post hoc test were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that treatment based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness are effective on distress tolerance and cognitive flexibility of patients with type 2 diabetes at a significance level of P<0.01. Also, there is no significant difference between this type of treatment. Considering the effectiveness of treatments based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on cognitive flexibility, it seems that this treatment can be used to reduce the psychological problems of patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: commitment and acceptance, cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, type 2 diabetes.1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The effect of 10 weeks of CX training on insulin sensitivity and HbA1C in prediabetic women.
mohammad rashidi somayeh afzalifarIntroduction and purpose: In this study, the effect of 10 months of CXWorks (CX) training on some indicators of diabetes in obese prediabetic women was measured.Materials and methods: The statistical sample is 24 obese peri-diabetic women who were randomly divided into MoreIntroduction and purpose: In this study, the effect of 10 months of CXWorks (CX) training on some indicators of diabetes in obese prediabetic women was measured.Materials and methods: The statistical sample is 24 obese peri-diabetic women who were randomly divided into two CX and control groups. The CX group participated in a 10-week CX training program with 3 sessions per week, and the control group was prohibited from participating in any sports activities. Fasting levels of glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and anthropometric indices were measured in both groups before and after the training period. Fasting blood samples were also taken before and 48 hours after the last training session with the aim of measuring dependent variables in both groups.Results: 10 weeks of CX training led to a significant decrease in glucose, insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity in obese pre-diabetic women compared to the control group. CX training also did not result in a significant decrease in body fat percentage compared to the control group.Conclusion: The implementation of CX exercises as one of the new methods of resistance training is associated with the improvement of diabetes indicators in obese pre-diabetic women. Therefore, it is suggested to perform such exercises for a relatively long period with the aim of improving the glycemic profile Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on MiR-193b and Insulin Resistance Index in Diabetic Rats
Masoud Alizadeh Najmeh RezaeianmiRNA are emerging as important regulators of key biological processes and involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT MoremiRNA are emerging as important regulators of key biological processes and involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b and insulin resistance index in male diabetic rats with high fat diet and streptozotocin. Twenty male wistar rat (10-12 weeks old, 370/25±13/76 gr) selected and following the induction of type 2 diabetes, the diabetic rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The rats in the experimental group participated in six weeks of high intensity interval training of running on a treadmill with 40 seconds of repetitions with 2 seconds of active rest between each repetition, 30 minutes per session and five sessions per week. All rats were dissected 48 hours after the last training session and the blood indices were evaluated using appropriate laboratory methods. Data analysis were done using independent and paired t-test and Pearson's correlation test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b following six weeks of HIIT in experimental group were higher than control group; whereas, levels of insulin and fasting blood glucose , insulin resistance index and body weight were in the experimental group compared to the control group. Furthermore, Six weeks of high intensity interval training in experimental group caused in significant decreases in body weight in post- test compared to pre- test . Moreover, according to the Pearson correlation test, there were negative significant correlations between the changes in levels of adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b following HIIT and changes in body weight (P=0.038). Six weeks of HIIT play role in improving insulin resistance by increasing the MiR-193b levels in addition to improve body composition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Presenting a Fuzzy Expert System for Diagnosis of Diabetes
Abolfazl Kazemi Ali Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
69 - The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on Difficulties in emotion regulation and obsessive- rumination component in diabetes 2
Ebrahim Ghanbari Fatemeh ShahabizadehType II diabetes is an important public health problem that has a massive impact on individual and social functions of individuals. The present study was aimed at the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on Difficulties emotion regulation and obsessive- MoreType II diabetes is an important public health problem that has a massive impact on individual and social functions of individuals. The present study was aimed at the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on Difficulties emotion regulation and obsessive- rumination component in diabetes 2. The present study was a semi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The statistical population of all women and men with type 2 diabetes referred to health centers of Birjand in the last 3 months of 1395 (100 people). To collect data, a sample of 30 people was selected using available sampling method. The tools used were: Gratz and Romer's (2004) Difficulties emotion regulation (2004), and Nalen-Huxma and Marrow's Rumination Scale (1991). For data analysis, variance and multivariate covariance analysis were used. The findings showed that the mean of the experimental group in the stress components of emotional regulation (p < 0/05) and rumination (p < 0/01) decreased compared to the control group. The results of the study show the importance of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention in improving the life of diabetic patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The effectiveness of positive thinking training on subjective well-being, functional flexibility and psychological coherence in patients with type 2 diabetes
Nasrin Zabihi Taher Tizdast Mohammadreza Zarbakhsh The aim of the present study is the effectiveness of positive thinking training on mental well-being, action flexibility and psychological coherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. This semi-experimental research was pre-test, post-test and follow-up afte More The aim of the present study is the effectiveness of positive thinking training on mental well-being, action flexibility and psychological coherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. This semi-experimental research was pre-test, post-test and follow-up after two months. The statistical population includes people with type 2 diabetes who referred to the Mashhad International Diabetes Prevention and Control Foundation in the summer of 2019. Keyes and Magyarmo (2003), Antonovsky's sense of coherence (1987) and Conover and Davidson's (2003) subjective well-being questionnaire were used to collect data. The results of analysis of variance with repeated measurement showed that positive thinking training is effective and lasting on the mental well-being, sense of psychological coherence and action flexibility of people with type 2 diabetes.. Positive thinking training in patients suffering from diabetes strengthens positive personal traits such as courage, sense of aesthetics, foresight, etc. and a new method of provide cognitive processing and regulation of emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Effectiveness of Affect Regulation Training on depression syndromes and life expectancy in women with diabetic neuropathy
Fereshte Beheshti yousef gorjiThe aim of this study Was to investigate the the effectiveness of affect regulation training On the depressive symptoms and life expectancy in women with diabetic neuropathy in Isfahan. This study was performed by quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design I MoreThe aim of this study Was to investigate the the effectiveness of affect regulation training On the depressive symptoms and life expectancy in women with diabetic neuropathy in Isfahan. This study was performed by quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design Including the control group control group. The statistical population of this study included women referring to Isfahan Diabetes Charity in 1398. For this purpose, 30 patients were selected by purposeful sampling method and were assigned to two groups (15 people) control and (15 people) experimentalThe experimental group underwent group training of affect regulation in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. Participants answered Beck Depression Inventory (1986) and Miller Life Expectancy (1988) in the pre-intervention and post-intervention stages.But the control group did not receive any intervention. Findings from analysis of covariance showed that affect regulation training had a significant effect on the depressive symptoms (96%). In life expectancy, there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the post-test stage (84%). Thus, affect regulation training has reduced depressive symptoms and increased life expectancy in women with diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, it can be concluded that affect regulation training can be considered as an important intervention along with drug therapies.The results of this research can be used by psychologists in the field of health and disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on Depression and the Style of Ruminative Response in Women with Type 2 Diabetes Abstract
Mahmoud jajarmi Bi Bi Zohreh Razavizadeh Tabadkan Yaghoob VakiliObjectives: The present study has been performed for investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression and the style of ruminative response in women with type 2 diabetes. Method: The research design was an experimental stu MoreObjectives: The present study has been performed for investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on depression and the style of ruminative response in women with type 2 diabetes. Method: The research design was an experimental study with unit-variable pre-test and post-test with control group. The sample consisted of 30 diabetic women the members of Public Sport Association of North Khorasan were assigned to experimental (mindfulness-based cognitive therapy) and control group, randomly. The patients of experimental group to attended mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the 8 sessions 120 minutes per week. Depression and rumination were measured in pre-test and post-test by using of Beck Depression Inventory-2nd edition (BDI-II) and Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS). Results: The results of Single-variable covariance analysis demonstrated that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy significantly decreased depression and rumination in experimental group in post-test and these changes were significant in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy decreased depression and ruminative in women with type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The effect of eight weeks of HIIT and N-chromosome royal jelly on liver enzymes and insulin resistance index in type 2 diabetic obese rats
sahar Riasati Hossein Abednatanzi Mandana GholamiBackground & Aim: Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that occurs due to glucose intolerance due to imbalance between reserves and insulin demand, which leads to be changes in liver enzymes with structural and functional changes in the liver. The aim of MoreBackground & Aim: Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that occurs due to glucose intolerance due to imbalance between reserves and insulin demand, which leads to be changes in liver enzymes with structural and functional changes in the liver. The aim of this study was to study changes in liver enzymes and insulin resistance index after HIIT and royal jelly in obese rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials & Methods: The statistical sample of the present study was 36 obese male rats with an average weight of 409 gr. After 20 weeks of high-fat diet, rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg STZ body weight. Mice with fasting glucose between 150 and 400 mg /dl were considered to have type 2 diabetes. Diabetic rat in 4 groups of control (N=6), HIIT (N=8), royal gel (N=7), HIIT& Royal gel (N=8) group done and Accomplished Eight weeks of HIIT, 5d/w with intense 2-minute intervals of 80 to 90% VO2max and one-minute rest intervals with 50 to 56% VO2max. Royal jelly was given by gavage at the rate of 100 mg / kg 5 days a week. At the end of the protocol, blood samples were taken and liver enzymes and glucose were measured using an auto-analyzer and insulin was measured using a laboratory kit and analyzed using one-way and two-way analysis of variance and post hoc test. Results: showed that in comparison with the control group, HIIT led to a significant decrease in glucose and insulin resistance index and intermittent exercise resulted in a decrease in liver enzymes ALT, AST and ALP compared to the control group. The ALP decrease was significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: It seems that HIIT and consumption of royal jelly can help reduce liver enzymes and improve liver status in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Evaluation of cardiac injury biomarkers of serum in alloxan induced diabetic rats
Yaghoub Haji-Sadeghi majid fartashvandDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. It causes increase in blood glucose levels and subsequent damage to various tissues and blood vessels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cardiac injury bi MoreDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. It causes increase in blood glucose levels and subsequent damage to various tissues and blood vessels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cardiac injury biomarkers of serum in rats with experimental diabetes. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 2 groups including healthy control and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced with a single injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg IP). Four weeks after induction of diabetes, levels of cTnI (cardiac troponin I), AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) and CK-MB (keratin kinase) were measured in serum. At the end of the experiment, mean blood sugar levels were 263.1 ± 36 and 96.7 ± 12 mg/dl in diabetic and control groups respectively that reveals a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p=0.000). Serum cTnI level in diabetic rats was significantly higher than healthy control group (p=0.002). Other cardiac biomarkers of serum in experimentally induced diabetic rats were significantly higher than control group. There were significant correlation between blood glucose levels and serum cTnI (r=0.685; p=0.010), and with serum activities of enzymes, including AST (r=0.862; p=0.000), LDH (r=0.760; p=0.008) and CK-MB (r=0.590; p=0.014). In conclusion, elevated level of serum cTnI and enzyme activities in diabetic rats in comparison to the control group suggests some degree of cardiac muscle damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - The effect of oil extract of Portulaca oleracea seeds on insulin resistance indices in mice
Ali Kargary Rezapour Rana VatandoustRecently, drugs of natural origin have been considered for treatment of diabetes. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is an important endemic Iranian medicinal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oil extract of purslane seeds on insulin resistance in MoreRecently, drugs of natural origin have been considered for treatment of diabetes. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is an important endemic Iranian medicinal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of oil extract of purslane seeds on insulin resistance indices in mice. In this study 30 adult mice were divided into five groups of six: (1) Negative control (non- diabetic), (2) positive control (diabetic), (3) purslane seeds extract control (non-diabetic), (4) 150 (mg/kg) oil extract of purslane seeds (diabetic) and (5) 300 (mg/kg) oil extract of purslane seeds (diabetic). Pursulane extract was gavaged to groups 3, 4 and 5 for one month. After this period, diabetes induction was performed by injection of streptozocin in 2nd, 4th and 5th groups. After two months, blood samples were taken and the indices were measured and analyzed statistically. The overall period of the study was 3 months. Oil extract of purslane seeds decreased serum glucose significantly in diabetic groups in comparison to positive diabetic group (p<0.05). The levels of serum insulin were also increased in the 3rd, 4th and 5th groups (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were seen in lipid profile, HOMA-IR, QUICKI and atherogenic index. The results indicated that pursulane seeds decreased serum glucose in diabetic mice and it had insulinogogic effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - The effects of Oleoreupien on prostate and seminal vesicle tissues in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Farzin Javid Esmaeil Safavi Esmaeil Safavi Yoosef DoustarDiabetes impairs the normal reproductive system function by disrupting spermatogenesis and decreasing sperm count, serum testosterone level and seminal fluid volume. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oleoreupien on tissue changes of prostate and seminal ves MoreDiabetes impairs the normal reproductive system function by disrupting spermatogenesis and decreasing sperm count, serum testosterone level and seminal fluid volume. This study aimed to investigate the effects of oleoreupien on tissue changes of prostate and seminal vesicles in diabetic rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10) including control, diabetic and treatment groups. Rats in the treatment group received Oleoreupien (500mg/kg) for 28 days by oral gavage after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin. At the end of the experimental period, samples of prostate and seminal vesicle were obtained and then slides were prepared and stained by H&E method for histological study. Morphological findings indicated increased secretion of prostate and seminal vesicles, significant increase in diameter of secretory units and significant decrease of interstitial connective tissue in the treatment group compared with the diabetic group. Histomorphometric results also indicated that epithelium height of the prostate and seminal vesicles and diameter of the tubules of the prostate significantly increased in the treatment group compared with the diabetic group (p < /em>˂0.05). The study also revealed that gland weight to body weight in the treatment group increased significantly compared with that of the diabetic group (p < /em>˂0.05). According to current findings, oral administration of Oleoreupien prevented diabetic induced tissue changes in prostate and seminal vesicle in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - protective effect of Naringenin (Citrus flavonone) on incipient diabetic nephropathy in the rats with alloxan-induced diabetes
Yousef Doustar رامین Kaffash Elahi داریوش MohajeriDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic abnormality that has a relatively high prevalence all over the world. Kidney failure is one of the main complications of diabetes. Many therapeutic methods have been introduced from all over the world to treat diabetes. The aim of the pr MoreDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic abnormality that has a relatively high prevalence all over the world. Kidney failure is one of the main complications of diabetes. Many therapeutic methods have been introduced from all over the world to treat diabetes. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effect of Naringenin on early kidney injuries in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups, including: healthy control, normal healthy receiving Naringenin, diabetic and diabetic receiving Naringenin. Diabetes was also induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of naloxone (120 mg/kg). Naringenin treatment groups received the drug (50 mg/kg) daily for 3 weeks through the gavage. Finally, serum levels of kidney function markers including urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as amount of lipid peroxidation product (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were assessed in kidney hemogenates. Moreover, histopathological observation was assayed at the degree of renal injury. Significant differences among the groups were determined by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey post-test. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05. In alloxanized diabetic rats, Naringenin significantly decreased the levels of serum urea, uric acid and creatinine (p<0.05), and significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation and elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes in these rats (p<0.05). Histopathological changes were in agreement with biochemical findings. The results of the present study showed that naringenin with antioxidant properties can prevent early diabetic kidney damage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Study on protective effect of Naringenin (Citrus flavonone) on incipient diabetic hepatopathy in alloxan-induced diabetic rats
daryoush mohajeri ghafour mousavi ramin kaffashielahi mehrdad neshatgharamalekiAbstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic insufficiency is one of the most important consequences in this disease. A multitude of drugs has been described for the treatment of MoreAbstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic insufficiency is one of the most important consequences in this disease. A multitude of drugs has been described for the treatment of diabetes throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effect of Naringenin on early liver injury in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into 4 different groups of 10 rats each, including healthy control rats, normal healthy rats receiving Naringenin (50 mg/kg), diabetic rats and diabetic rats receiving Naringenin (50 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced with a single injection of alloxan (120 mg/kg i.p.). Naringenin groups received the drug daily for 3 weeks through gavage. At the end of the experiment, levels of liver function marker enzymes AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase), TB (Total Bilirubin), Alb (Albumin) and TP (Total Proteins) were assessed in serum. Product of lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde; MDA), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were also assayed in liver homogenate to evaluate antioxidant activity. Moreover, histopathological observations were made to assess the degree of hepatic injury. In alloxanized diabetic rats, Naringenin significantly decreased the levels of serum biomarkers of hepatic injury and TB, and elevated the levels of Alb and TP. Furthermore, Naringenin significantly decreased the lipid peroxidation and elevated the levels of antioxidant enzymes in these rats. Histopathological changes were in agreement with biochemical findings. The findings of this study indicated that Naringenin due to its antioxidant activities protects rats liver from early diabetic hepatopathy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Histopathological study of the protective effects of ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) stigma on hepatic and renal tissue changes in alloxanized diabetic rats
داریوش Mohajeri مهران Mesgari Gh Mousavi یوسف Doustar بهرام Amouoghli TabriziDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting mankind and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic and renal insufficiencies are identified as the most important causes of death in this disease. A multitude of herbs has been described for MoreDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting mankind and its incidence is considered to be high all over the world. Hepatic and renal insufficiencies are identified as the most important causes of death in this disease. A multitude of herbs has been described for the treatment of diabetics throughout the world. The aim of the present study was to assess the protective effects of ethanolic saffron stigma extract (Crocus sativus L.) on early hepatic and renal injuries in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 72 male wistar rats were randomly assigned to six different groups of 12 rats each, including healthy control rats, healthy control rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, mild diabetic (MD) rats, mild diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract, severely diabetic (SD) rats and severely diabetic rats receiving ethanolic saffron extract. The most effective dose of the extract in reducing blood glucose (40 mg/kg), dissolved in normal saline solution (10 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to treatment groups receiving the extract for 30 consecutive days. Control groups received normal saline solution in the same manner. Four hours after the last extract injections, all rats were euthanized simultaneously by cervical dislocation. Tissue specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5 micron thick sections were prepared using routine hitopathological techniques. Histopathology of the liver and kidney in diabetic rats showed a spectrum of changes including periportal degeneration, membranoproliferative glomerulitis, enlargement of lining cells of tubules, lymphocytic infiltration, hyperemia and hemorrhage. These injuries were more prominent in SD rats. The histopathological appearance of liver and kidneys in ethanolic extract treated diabetic rats was near normal. The findings of the present study indicate that ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma has protective effects on early diabetic nephropathy and hepatopathy in experimentally induced diabetes. Therefore, ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. stigma is recommended for prevention of early renal and hepatic injuries in diabetes mellitus, after randomized clinical trials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Study of cardiovascular biomarkers, cystatin-C and adenosine deaminase in alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in the dog
کاوه AzimzadehDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which may lead to considerable damages in most tissues. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the levels of serum Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), Homocysteine (Hcy), Cystatin c (Cys-C) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) acti MoreDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease which may lead to considerable damages in most tissues. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the levels of serum Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), Homocysteine (Hcy), Cystatin c (Cys-C) and adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity are altered in alloxan induced diabetes mellitus in the dog. In this study, DM was induced by alloxan in the treatment group and three months later, plasma cTnI, Hcy and Cys-C were evaluated by Elisa technique and ADA activity was assessed by Electrochemilumminescence (ECL) method. The results showed significant increases (p<0.01) in cTnI and Cys-C along with a considerable decrease in ADA in the treatment group in comparison to the intact healthy group. Conclusively, increased plasma levels of cTnI and Cys-C in dogs with DM indicates heart and kidney damage respectively, which requires effective measures in the management of diabetes mellitus in dogs. Furthermore, reduction of ADA activity can be attributed to the decline of immune system (especially T cells), high levels of adenosine concentrations for facilitation of glucose transport and/or zinc ion decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Effects of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia cyparissias on spermatogenesis and serum level of testosterone in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
نعیمه Mehanfar M.A Nourazar مهدی RahnemaDiabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is considered one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries. Long term use of the majority of synthetic anti-diabetic drugs lead to various side effects therefore the use of medicinal plants has currently bec MoreDiabetes mellitus is an endocrine disorder which is considered one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries. Long term use of the majority of synthetic anti-diabetic drugs lead to various side effects therefore the use of medicinal plants has currently become popular. Traditionally, Euphorbia cyparissias has been used for its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-neoplastic properties. In the present study 40 male Wistar rats were studied in four groups (n=10). The groups included: control, diabetic, alcoholic 500, alcoholic 250. The alcoholic groups received 250 and 500 mg/kg of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia cyparissias for 21 days through gastric gavage following induction of diabetes with streptozotocin. In control and diabetes induced groups an identical volume of physiological serum was gavaged. The testicular tissue and blood samples were obtained at the end of the experimental period for histological and blood testosterone concentration purposes, respectively. Results suggested that the serum glucose and testosterone concentrations in the control and alcoholic 500 groups had a significant difference with the other groups (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Effect of alcoholic extract of Euphorbia cyparissias on serum lipid profile in streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats
maryam nezami mohammadreza Nasirzadeh mehdi RahnemaDiabetes is a chronic disease characterized by disordering is the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Most blood glucose lowering drugs that are introduced for treatment, have side effects when used for long-term. Therefore, nowadays, in order to control dia MoreDiabetes is a chronic disease characterized by disordering is the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Most blood glucose lowering drugs that are introduced for treatment, have side effects when used for long-term. Therefore, nowadays, in order to control diabetes and its complications, the use of drugs from plant origin is considered widely. In this study, 40 adult male Wistar rats weighting 250±20 gr were equally divided in to 4 groups randomly: 1- control group or intact animals, 2- Diabetic animals, 3- Treatment 1 group which received 500 mg/kg extract and 4- Treatment 2 group: which received250 mg/kg extract. Animals in the two treatment groups received E. cyparissias extract for 21 days by gastric gavage. At the end of the treatment, levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, VLDL and blood glucose were determined. The results showed that triglyceride and LDL levels decrease significantly in treatment 1 group compared with the diabetic group (p<0.05). Also HDL level increased significantly in treatment 1 group compared with the diabetic group (p<0.05). In addition, blood glucose level of treatment -1 group had decreased significantly in comparison with the diabetic group (p<0.05). This study showed that oral administration of E. cyparissias alcoholic extract has hypoglycemic effects. It can reduce the serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins in streptozotocin induced diabetic male rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The effects of date consumption on serumic levels of glucose, lipids and lipoproteins in diabetic rats
بهرام Amouoghli Tabrizi علی Hassanpour وحید Kohi احمد Ostovar آرش Alizade Diabetes mellitus is an important problem amongst human and animals. In veterinary medicine too, diabetes mellitus occurs in many animals particularly household pets. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of date consumption on serumic levels of More Diabetes mellitus is an important problem amongst human and animals. In veterinary medicine too, diabetes mellitus occurs in many animals particularly household pets. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of date consumption on serumic levels of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and HDL in rats suffering from experimental diabetes mellitus. Thirty male wistar rats with the age of 8 weeks and mean body weight of 200±20 gr were selected and divided into 5 groups so that there were 6 rats per group. The groups consisted of day one healthy control, final day healthy control, healthy treatment consuming date, diabetic treatment consuming date and diabetic control group. Diabetic treatment and control groups received 100 mg/kg of alloxan subcutaneously to create experimental diabetes. The two healthy control groups also received equal amounts of normal saline solution subcutaneously. The injections were repeated a week later in all groups. After observing the diabetes symptoms including polydipsia, polyuria, glucosuria and hyperglycemia in groups that were given alloxan, feeding of healthy and diabetic treatment groups with equal ratio of date and pellet was initiated. Final day healthy control group and diabetic control group were fed only with pellet. The groups were fed for 10 days following the start of diabetes symptoms. Blood samples were collected from all groups on day 10. Evaluation of the serumic levels of glucose, cholesterol and LDL revealed statistically significant increase in diabetic control group in comparison with the healthy control groups and also in healthy and diabetic treatment groups consuming date as compared with diabetic control and healthy groups (p<0.05). Evaluation of the serumic levels of triglyceride in diabetic and healthy treatment groups consuming date did not reveal statistically significant difference with the healthy control groups but revealed a significant decrease in comparison with the diabetic control group. Serumic levels of VLDL in diabetic and healthy treatment groups consuming date indicated significant decrease compared with the diabetic control group (p<0.05) but the changes were not significant in comparison with the healthy control groups. There were no statistically significant differences in serumic levels of HDL amoung the groups. It can be concluded from these results that consumption of date as a natural fruit can be effective in preventing symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Evaluation of plasma homocysteine status in streptozotocin induced-diabetes mellitus in rabbit
کاوه Azimzadeh سیامک Asri rezae Sh Safi ایرج Sohrabi haghdoust مجید Ebrahimi hamedIn this research, plasma homocysteine levels as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease was evaluated in streptozotocin induced diabetic New Zealand white rabbits. Twelve male New Zealand white rabbits were selected and allocated into two separate groups of MoreIn this research, plasma homocysteine levels as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease was evaluated in streptozotocin induced diabetic New Zealand white rabbits. Twelve male New Zealand white rabbits were selected and allocated into two separate groups of test and control. Following confirmation of the rabbit’s health status (normal plasma glucose, urea and creatinine values), those in the test group received a single dose of streptozotocin at 65 mg/kg through the marginal ear vein while the control group were given normal saline solution. Blood samples were collected from the marginal ear vein after 24, 48 and 72 hours and then once every week for 12 weeks and plasma homocysteine, insulin and glucose levels were measured and statistically evaluated. The results indicated significant increase (p<0.01) of plasma homocysteine and glucose levels and significant decrease (p<0.01) of plasma insulin levels of the treatment group in comparison with the control group throughout the 12 week study period. In the present study, despite the decrease in plasma insulin level, increase of plasma homocysteine was observed as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease in New Zealand white rabbits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Differential leukocyte counts in German shepherd dogs following Alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus
M.R Valilou علیرضا LotfiDiabetes mellitus involves most physiological functions include hematopoiesis and immune system. In this research, ten male German shepherd dogs with same age were provided; five dogs were considered as control and five of them were considered as experimenta MoreDiabetes mellitus involves most physiological functions include hematopoiesis and immune system. In this research, ten male German shepherd dogs with same age were provided; five dogs were considered as control and five of them were considered as experimental groups; pre- and post- diabetes induction. The examinations were conducted to guarantee their health and absence of diabetes with Intra-venous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) has been approved, according to Islamic Azad university animal ethics recommendations. Alloxan monohydrate with 100 mg/kg in was injected intravenously for experimental group. The blood samples were collected before and after diabetes induction (after 45 days). Next, leukocytes number includes neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil and basophil percents were measured. According to obtained results, eosinophil and basophil rates hadn’t significant changes after diabetes induction. But neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte percents had significant changes after diabetes induction; while neutrophils were 82.3% in diabetic dogs (in comparison with 72.38% for control and 69.53% for pre-diabetes). Lymphocyte and monocyte counts were lower in diabetic dogs when they are compared with pre-diabetic and control measures (lymphocyte: 22.79, 26.24 and 14.59% and monocyte 2.05, 2.58 and 1.81% respectively for control, pre- and post-diabetes groups. It is seem that diabetes-related lymphocytes dysfunction may caused considerable lymphocytes rise in diabetic dogs in comparison with control or pre-diabetes groups. It was concluded that diabetes induction in German shepherd dogs may caused lymphocyte and monocyte numbers and neutrophils rises. It is suggested that impaired glucose and glutamine metabolism in diabetic condition and high demands of neutrophils for these substances may cause neutrophils rises in diabetic dogs. It seems that further studies about possible reasons of leukocytes number changes in diabetic dogs are necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Effect of ethanolic extract of Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) stigma on serum levels of functional liver markers and hepatic tissue injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
محمد Rahbani داریوش Mohajeri علی Rezaie عادل Rezaei MoghadamIn this study, protective effects of saffron against biochemical and histopathological changes of liver were assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each, including Group 1, healthy contr MoreIn this study, protective effects of saffron against biochemical and histopathological changes of liver were assessed in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each, including Group 1, healthy control; Group 2 healthy rats treated with saffron extract; Group 3, diabetics and Group 4, diabetics treated with saffron extract. For induction of diabetes, single dose of streptozotocin (75 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally. From the beginning of experiment, the extract was injected daily at a dose of 40 mg/kg b.w. by intraperitoneal route for 8 weeks. Control groups received normal saline in similar manner. At the end of experiment, serum biomarkers of liver tissue injury and histological changes of hepatic tissues were evaluated. In diabetic rats, serum levels of functional liver markers were found to be significantly increased as compared to control group (p<0.05), while this markers in diabetic rats treated with saffron extract significantly decreased as compared to diabetic rats. Histopathological findings were in consistent with biochemical results. The results obtained showed that ethanolic extract of saffron has hepatoprotective activity against diabetic hepatopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Effects of Green tea extract on liver histopathology and serum biomarkers of hepatic tissue injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
A.A Abolfathi علی Rezaie GH Mousavi M.R Valilou بهبود JafariThe aim of present study was to evaluate the liver injury as a complication of diabetes mellitus and to assess the hepatoprotective properties of Green tea extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly separated int MoreThe aim of present study was to evaluate the liver injury as a complication of diabetes mellitus and to assess the hepatoprotective properties of Green tea extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly separated into four groups, each containing 10 animals: Group 1, healthy control rats; Group 2, normal rats treated with Green tea extract (1.5%, w/v) was given in drinking water; Group 3, diabetic rats and Group 4, diabetic rats treated with Green tea extract (1.5%, w/v) in drinking water. The extract was injected in intraperitoneal route for a period of 8 weeks. Control groups received normal saline in similar manner. Diabetes was induced by single injection of STZ (75 mg/kg i.p.). At the end of experiment, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin and bilirubin were measured. For histopathological evaluation, tissue specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and 5 micron thick sections with H&E stain were prepared using routine hitopathological techniques. In diabetic rats, serum levels of functional liver markers were found to be significantly increased in comparison with control group (p<0.05), while this markers in diabetic rats treated with Green tea extract significantly decreased as compared to diabetic rats. Histopathological findings were in consistent with biochemical results. The data obtained proved that Green tea extract has hepatoprotective activity against diabetic hepatopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The effect of 8 weeks of resistance training and ginger supplementation on serum glucose of women with type 2 diabetes
abdolmajid emami Afsana HonardanPurpose:The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of resistance training and ginger supplementation on the serum glucose level of women with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, among women with type 2 diabetes in Yazd city, 48 people with an age range of MorePurpose:The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of resistance training and ginger supplementation on the serum glucose level of women with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, among women with type 2 diabetes in Yazd city, 48 people with an age range of 25-60 years were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 people (control, exercise, supplement, exercise and supplement).The training schedule of each training session is 60 minutes, including warm-up (10 minutes of soft running, stretching and kinetic movements), resistance exercises with gym equipment (40 minutes) and cooling down (10 minutes of flexibility and stretching movements), supplementary group (every day 1600 mg of ginger rhizome powder or placebo (1 capsule of 800 mg before lunch and 1 capsule of 800 mg before dinner) and the exercise and supplement group did both. The samples were taken 24 hours before the start of the exercise in a fasting state at 10- Blood was taken at 8 am. After the end of 8 weeks, blood was taken again 24 hours after the end of the training program. To analyze the data, Kalmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine the normality of the data, then the dependent T test to compare the results within the group and the variance analysis test. The method was used to examine the results between groups. Findings:The results of the research showed that a period of resistance training alone and combined with the use of supplements significantly improves the serum glucose levels of women with type II diabetes, but the use of ginger supplements has no effect on the women's serum glucose levels. Does not have type II diabetes.Conclusion: The results showed that a period of resistance training alone and along with the ginger supplement reduces the serum glucose level of patients with type II diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training and Curcumin on Aplin Levels, Insulin Resistance and Glucose in Rats with Type 2 Diabetes
Morteza Ebrahimzadeh Kamal Azizbeigi Khalid Mohammad Zadeh Salamat Saman PashaieIntroduction: Previous studies have shown the positive effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without curcumin supplementation on apelin levels, insulin resistance, and glucos MoreIntroduction: Previous studies have shown the positive effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without curcumin supplementation on apelin levels, insulin resistance, and glucose in rats with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: Forty male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 8 including healthy control, diabetic control, diabetes + curcumin, diabetes + aerobic exercise, diabetes + curcumin + aerobic exercise. After the intervention, the animals were sacrificed based on the name of the group, and the desired variables were measured in the collected plasma samples. Data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance and a P value less than 0.05 was considered as a significant difference. Findings: The results showed that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise increased the levels of apelin (P<0.05) and decreased insulin resistance (P<0.05) and glucose (P<0.05) in the plasma of diabetic rats. The use of curcumin also increased the levels of apelin (P<0.05) and decreased insulin resistance (P<0.05) and glucose (P<0.05) in the plasma of diabetic rats. Conclusion: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can be a good way to lower blood sugar and to prevent from increasing it in diabetic patients. Also, taking curcumin in the range of health values along with aerobic exercise can affect better on the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The Effect of Two Types of Continuous and Interval Training on Fatty Liver Markers in Women with Type 2 Diabetes
Nafiseh Ghannadzadeh Bahram AbediIntroduction: Fatty liver is recognized as a pathophysiological condition in people with type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exercise (intermittent and periodic) training on new markers of fatty liver in women with type 2 diabe MoreIntroduction: Fatty liver is recognized as a pathophysiological condition in people with type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exercise (intermittent and periodic) training on new markers of fatty liver in women with type 2 diabetes in Kashan.Materials and methods: Thirty women with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into three groups: periodic exercise (n= 10), continuous exercise (n= 10) and control group (n= 10). Experimental groups performed pre-specified exercises for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken from three groups before and after 8 weeks of exercise protocol. Covariance analysis was used to test the research hypotheses. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Findings: The results of the present study showed that LAP and FLI decreased significantly after continuous and intermittent training compared to the control group, although no significant change was observed in the HSI and FSI variables.Conclusion: The results showed that 8 weeks of continuous and intermittent exercise significantly decreased LAP and FLI in women with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, it is recommended to include a weekly exercise program in these patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein in diabetic rats
Morteza Ebrahimzadeh Kamal Azizbeigi Khalid Mohammad Zadeh Salamat Saman PashaieBackground and Aim: Previous studies have shown the positive effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on various variables in diabetes. Also, the combination of these interventions may have a synergistic effect on research variables. The present study investigates the in MoreBackground and Aim: Previous studies have shown the positive effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin on various variables in diabetes. Also, the combination of these interventions may have a synergistic effect on research variables. The present study investigates the independent and combined effect of aerobic exercise and curcumin supplementation on plasma C-reactive protein concentration in diabetic rats.Methods: Forty male rats were equally divided into healthy control, diabetic control, diabetic exercise, diabetic curcumin and diabetic curcumin + exercise. Aerobic exercise (five sessions / week, each session 30 minutes at a speed of 22 meters / minute, slope: five percent) and supplementation (30 mg / kg body weight, three days / week) were performed for eight weeks. Rats were sacrificed 48 hours after receiving the last intervention.Results: Diabetes increased the concentration of plasma C-reactive protein (P = 0.001). Exercise decreased plasma C-reactive protein concentration (P = 0.001) in diabetic rats. Curcumin also reduced plasma C-reactive protein (P = 0.001) in diabetic rats. The combination of exercise and supplementation had a greater effect on reducing the plasma C-reactive protein concentration than mono / supplementation alone (P <0.001).Conclusion: Exercise and curcumin separately reduced plasma C-reactive protein concentration in diabetic rats. It also seems that the use of a combination of exercise and curcumin than the use of each alone, has been more effective on the variables of the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Effect of Swimming Training With Coriandrum Sativum Extract on Glycemic Indices in Diabetic Rats
Zahra Arvin Seyed Ali HosseiniShort Abstract Introduction:Exercises and nutrition regimen have a major portion in the reduction of diabetes induced complications such as obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyper- insulinemia.TheAim of the present study was to investigate the effect of swimming MoreShort Abstract Introduction:Exercises and nutrition regimen have a major portion in the reduction of diabetes induced complications such as obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and hyper- insulinemia.TheAim of the present study was to investigate the effect of swimming training with consuming Coriandrum Sativum extract on glycemic indices of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods:32 Sprague- Dawley rats were randomly selected in this experimental research, and one week after the induction of diabetes, they were divided into four groups of 8 rats. These groups include: 1) swimming training, 2) Coriandrum Sativum, 3) swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum, and 4) control group. Groups 2 and 3 received 100 mg/kg Coriandrum Sativum peritoneally. Also, groups 1 and 3 swam for 4 weeks, five sessions per-week. -Each session lasted 30 minutes. In this study, Kolmogorov- Smirnov test, one way ANOVA and Tukey’s post- hoc tests were used for the statistical analysis of data (p≤0.05). Findings:Swimming training, consumption of Coriandrum Sativum, and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum had a significant effect on the reduction of fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (p≤0.05). In addition, Coriandrum Sativum and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum had a significant effect on the reduction of insulin resistance (p≤0.05) . Furthermore, Coriandrum Sativum had more favorable effects on the reduction of fasting glucose compared with the swimming training (p≤0.05) and swimming training, Coriandrum Sativum, and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum had no significant effect on the reduction of insulin (p≥0.05). Conclusion:It seems that it is possible to use 4 weeks swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum in order to improve glycemic indices in diabetic rats. Extended Abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the diseases that has caused many health, medical and socio-economic problems for human societies and has spread widely in recent decades (1). Nowadays, experts believe that diet and medication on their own are not enough to treat and control patients' blood glucose, but also physical activities and exercises should be added to the daily routine activity of patients with DM (2). Coriander is scientifically known as Coriandrum Sativum L. and it has been reported that it releases insulin and has insulin-like effects as well as it reduces insulin resistance (9). Due to the lack of information about the simultaneous effect of Coriander extract consumption and swimming training on glycemic indices in patients with DM, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of swimming training with coriander extract on glycemic indices of diabetic rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 45 male Sprague- Dawley rats received 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (manufactured by Sigma) dissolved in citrate buffer peritoneally after one night of fasting. Four days later, the blood glucose was measured using a glucometer from the tail of the rats by punching method. Then, 32 rats with blood glucose above 300 mg/dl were selected as the statistical sample and based on blood glucose; they were divided into four groups including: 1) swimming training, 2) Coriandrum Sativum, 3) swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum, and 4) controlgroup. Groups 2 and 3 were trained five days per week. Groups 1 and 3 received 100 mg/kg Coriandrum Sativum extract peritoneally. The duration of the study was four weeks. After this period, blood samples were gathered to measure the variables in this study. Twenty- four hours after the last training session at the end of the fourth week, rats were sacrificed to measure the studied parameters. The swimming training protocol consisted of four weeks of swimming in water at a temperature of 25- 30 ° C for 30 minutes in each session and five sessions per week. After training, the rats were dried with a hair dryer. Fasting insulin was measured by sandwich and competitive enzyme immunoassay. Serum glucose was measured using a biochemistry kit and enzymatic method (glucose oxidase method). Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was also used to evaluate the insulin resistance index. HOMA-IR index was calculated based on the below formula: HOMA-IR: [fasting blood glucose × fasting insulin]/22.5 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was also used to measure glycosylated hemoglobin using the Nycorard system (Norway). The collected findings were analyzed using SPSS software and Kolmogorov- Smirnov, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post- hoc tests (P≤0.05). Findings The results showed that there was no significant difference in insulin levels among the research groups (P=0.77); However, fasting glucose in swimming training (P=0.02), Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.001) and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.001) groups was significantly lower than the control group; Moreover, fasting glucose in Coriandrum Sativum group was significantly lower than swimming training group (P=0.004); In addition, insulin resistance in Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.001) and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.03) groups was significantly lower than the control group. Also glycosylated hemoglobin in swimming training (P=0.001), Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.001) and swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum (P=0.01) groups was significantly lower than the control group. Discussion The results of the present study showed that Coriandrum Sativum administration for four weeks significantly influenced the reduction of fasting glucose, insulin resistance and glycosylated hemoglobin; however, it has no significant effect on the reduction of insulin in diabetic rats. The anti-diabetic effects of Coriandrum Sativum have been reported in various studies. It seems that Coriandrum Sativum extract is effective on carbohydrates metabolism by increasing glycogen synthase activity and increasing hepatic glycogen concentration and stimulating glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways through increasing glycolytic enzymes and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and inhibition of gluconeogenic enzymes and glycogen phosphorylase and as a result, inhibition of glyconeogenesis and glycogenolysis processes and reduces blood glucose levels (17, 18). The results of the present study also showed that swimming training for four weeks significantly reduced fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic rats; however, it has no significant effect on insulin and insulin resistance in diabetic rats. It has been reported that exercise increases insulin sensitivity, therefore, less insulin is needed after the exercise to regulate blood glucose than before the exercise. This improvement in insulin sensitivity is probably related to the capacity of the insulin to bind the receptors on each of the muscle cells (22). The results also showed that four weeks of swimming training with consumption of Coriandrum Sativum had a significant effect on glycemic indices of diabetic rats. Therefore, it seems that the combination of swimming training and Coriandrum Sativum can be used as an effective drug in improving glycemic indices in diabetic patients; however, they cannot have interactive effects on improving glycemic indices. Conclusion It seems that it is possible to use 4 weeks swimming training with Coriandrum Sativum in order to improve glycemic indices of diabetic rats. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fars Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University. Funding Fars Science and Research Branch of Islamic Azad University. Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Zahra Arvin, Seyed Ali Hosseini; Methodology and data analysis: Zahra Arvin; Supervision and final writing: Seyed Ali Hosseini Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Effect of Swimming Training at Different Temperatures with Cinnamon Consumption on Avoidance Memory and Aerobic Power in Streptozotocin- Induced Diabetic Rats
Omidreza Salehi Dariush Sheikholeslami -Vatani Zahra Negarandeh Jalal YarahmadiAbstract Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that causes cognitive disorders in addition to physical injuries. The role of physical activity and medical plants in improving memory and physical function has been reported, but the interactive effect of training MoreAbstract Introduction: Diabetes is a metabolic disease that causes cognitive disorders in addition to physical injuries. The role of physical activity and medical plants in improving memory and physical function has been reported, but the interactive effect of training at different temperatures with Cinnamon consumption has not been known yet. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of swimming (S) training in water at 5 ° C (S5C) and 35 ° C (S35C) with cinnamon (Cin) consumption on avoidance memory, spatial memory and aerobic power of diabetic rats. Material and methods: In this experimental study, 48 diabetic rats (55 mg/kg streptozotocin) were divided into 1) diabetic control (CD), 2) S5C, 3) S5C+Cin, 4) S35C, 5) S35C+Cin and 6) Cin groups. Eight rats were placed in the healthy control (HC) group to investigate the effects of diabetes induction on the research variables. Swimming trainings were performed at 2±5 ° C and 36±2 ° C for eight weeks, 3 days per week and 2-4 minutes in each session. The aqueous extract of cinnamon was 200 mg/kg/day dissolved in drinking water. 48 hours after the last training session, the research variables were measured. Findings: S5C and S35C significantly caused the increase in step through latency (STL), percentage of alteration (PA) and aerobic power as well as decreased time spent in dark compartment (TDC) and repeat dark entrances (RDE) (P≤0.05). Cin caused a significant increase in PA and aerobic power as well as significant decrease in TDC (P≥0.05). Also, S5C+Cin and S35C+Cin significantly increased STL and PA and decreased TDC in diabetic rats (P≥0.05). Conclusion: It seems that swimming training at different temperatures and consuming cinnamon have beneficial effects on the memory and learning of diabetic rats, but since Cin moderated the effects of training, further studies at the molecular- cellular level are recommended. Keywords: Training, Cinnamon, Memory, Aerobic Power, Diabetes Extended abstract Introduction Diabetes mellitus is characterized by abnormal metabolism, decreased insulin secretion, increased insulin resistance, or both (1). This disease is associated with decreased levels of neurotrophins, increased inflammatory factors in the central nervous system following increased oxidative stress (3, 4). Decreased neuroplasticity and neurotrophins are associated with cognitive impairment, decreased balance, decreased aerobic power, and decreased quality of life (5). But exercises improve neurotrophins and memory, increase neuroplasticity and reduce anxiety as well as depression (8). Cinnamon (Cin) also improves memory and learning in Alzheimer's patients with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, amyloid-beta-reducing effects and improved cerebral circulation (13). In addition, cold pressure has beneficial effects on reducing white adipose tissue and increasing brown adipose tissue (11); however, studies on the effect of training at different temperatures along with Cin on cognitive function are limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of swimming training at different temperatures along with Cin on the avoidance memory, spatial memory and aerobic power of streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods In this experimental study, 48 diabetic rats (55 mg/kg streptozotocin peritoneal injected manufactured by Sigma USA) based on fasting blood glucose divided into1) diabetic control (CD), 2) swimming training in temperatures of 5 ° C (S5C), 3) S5C+Cin, 4) swimming training in temperature 36 ° C (S35C), 5) S35C+Cin, and 6) Cin groups. Also, eight rats were placed in the healthy control (HC) group to investigate the effects of diabetes induction on the research variables. Swimming trainings were performed at 2±5 ° C and 36±2 ° C. Swimming training protocol was five sessions in each week. Each session lasted 2 minutes for the first week. So 30 seconds were added to the training until the training reaches 4 minutes. By the end of the eighth week, the rats trained for 4 minutes at 5 ° C (16, 17). Also, 200 mg/kg of cinnamon (aqueous extract) was added daily to the drinking water of rats (18). The aqueous extract of cinnamon was 200 mg/kg/day dissolved in drinking water. Avoidance memory This test was performed 48 hours after the last training session for two days in two consecutive stages. Habituation session, memory acquisition education and memory recovery test were done in three stages based on the study of Zavvari et al. In the memory recovery phase, the rat was placed in a light chamber, and after 20 seconds, the door was opened. The latency which the animal entered the dark chamber (STL), the time spent in the dark chamber (TDC) and the number of repeat dark entrances (RDE) was recorded for each rat during the test period. The test duration was five minutes (19). Spatial memory This test was performed for 8 minutes using a Y maze in which repeated behaviors were considered as successful and serial entries into all arms in 3 overlapping sets. Thus, the percentage of alteration (PA) was calculated as the maximum alteration (total number of entered arms) multiplied by 100 (19). Aerobic power To measure the aerobic power, rats warmed up on treadmill for 5 minutes at a speed of 6 m/min with zero-degree incline; then the speed increased 3 m/min every 3 minutes until the rats became exhausted and were no longer able to continue. The criterion for reaching VO2max was the inability of rats to continue the training protocol and three consecutive collisions (three times in a period of 1 minute) with the end of the treadmill (20). Statistical analysis The normal distribution of findings was investigated using Shapiro- Wilk test and statistical analysis was performed using independent sample t- test, two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post- hoc test in SPSS software version 22 (P≤0.05). Findings The results of independent sample t- test showed that STL (P=0.001), PA (P=0.001) and VO2max (P=0.001) in HC group were significantly higher than CD group; there was no significant difference in TDC between HC and CD groups (P≥0.05) but RDE in CD group was significantly higher than HC group (P≤0.05). The results of two- way ANOVA test showed that Cin had no significant effect on STL (P=0.85), but S (P=0.001), and interaction of S and Cin significantly increased STL (P=0.04). The results of Bonferroni’s post- hoc test showed that S6C (P=0.001) and S35C (P=0.001) significantly increased STL and there was no significant difference between S6C and S35C (P=0.99). Cin (P=0.01) and S (P=0.001) significantly decreased TDC; moreover, interaction of S and Cin decreased TDC (P=0.03); also, S6C (P=0.02) and S35C (P=0.001) significantly increased TDC and no significant difference was seen between S6C and S35C (P=0.26). Furthermore, Cin (P=0.11) and interaction of S and Cin (P=0.07) had no significant effect on RDE, though, S alone significantly decreased RDE (P=0.002), S6C (P=0.03) and (P=0.002) significantly increased RDE. Also significant difference was not shown between S6C and S35C (P=0.63). In addition, Cin (P=0.001) and S (P=0.001) significantly increased PA, and interaction of S and Cin decreased PA (P=0.001); S6C (P=0.001) and S35C (P=0.001) significantly increased PA and PA levels in S35C group were significantly higher than those of S6C group (P=0.001). Finally, Cin (P=0.02) and S (P=0.001) significantly increased VO2max, but interaction of S and Cin on increase of VO2max was not significant (P=0.67); S6C (P=0.001) and S35C (P=0.001) significantly increased VO2max and no significant difference was seen between S6C and S35C (P=0.99). Discussion The results showed that S5C and S35C improved avoidance memory, spatial memory and aerobic power in diabetic rats. Diabetes increases amyloid levels in neurons of the nervous system by increasing oxidative stress, inflammatory factors, and mitochondrial defects, and also decreases memory and learning by decreasing neuroplasticity (21). However, physical activity and post-exercise cold pressure by cAMP/PKA/NRF1,2 mechanism and increased PGC-1α increases the expression of uncoupling protein 4 (UCP4) and improves neurotrophins (23). Increased lipid metabolism, increased mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis following exercise in hot and cold weather increase aerobic power (22). Cin also increased PA and VO2max and decreased TDC in diabetic rats. Cin can improve lipid metabolism by antioxidant effects, increase cerebral blood flow, phosphorylation of transcription proteins from metabolic genes, and decrease amyloid levels and has an important role in improving neurotrophins, memory and learning (25). Also, Cin through cAMP/PKA/NRF1,2 pathway and through an increase in mitochondrial biogenesis can improve lipid, glucose and insulin metabolism which ultimately leads to improved aerobic power (26). The results showed that the interaction of S5C+Cin and S35C+Cin increased STL and PA and decreased TDC in diabetic rats. There are limited studies on the simultaneous effect of training and consumption of cinnamon on memory and learning, but training in hot and cold weather from cAMP/PKA/NRF1,2, PGC-1α and UCP4 can improve memory (23) and by improving lipids metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis can increase aerobic power (22). Cin also promotes memory and learning through its antioxidant mechanism, increases cerebral blood flow, decreases amyloid beta levels, and improves neurotrophins (25) and the interaction between training and Cin increases aerobic power (26). Not being able to measure the neurotrophins in the nervous system and mitochondrial biogenesis factors are the limitations of this study, so conducting such studies in the future is recommended to researchers. Conclusion The interaction of S5C + Cin and S35C + Cin seems to have beneficial effects on the memory and learning of diabetic rats, however, since cinnamon modulated the effects of training, further studies at the molecular- cellular level are recommended. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines The present study was conducted based on the animal ethical guidelines. Funding No funding. Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Omidreza Salehi, Daryosh Sheikholeslami Vatani; Methodology and data analysis: Omidreza Salehi, Zahra Negarandeh, Jalal Yarahmadi; Supervision and final writing: Daryosh Sheikholeslami Vatani. Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The Effect of Eight-Weeks of Aerobic Training with Nano-eugenol Supplementation on Pancreatic Tissue UPC3 Gene Expression and MDA Serum Levels in Diabetic Rats
Shirin Fotovat Khosro Jalali dehkordi Farzaneh TaghianAbstract Introduction: The use of exercise and herbal supplements to treat diseases and metabolic disorders has become popular among the people. Regarding the health-enhancing effects of aerobic training and eugenol, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of MoreAbstract Introduction: The use of exercise and herbal supplements to treat diseases and metabolic disorders has become popular among the people. Regarding the health-enhancing effects of aerobic training and eugenol, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training with nano-eugenol supplementation on the gene expression of non-placental protein 3 (UPC3) in pancreatic tissue and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 20 diabetic rats were divided into four groups of five rats: 1) control, 2) aerobic training, 3) nano-eugenol, and 4) nano-eugenol + training. To investigate the effects of diabetes induction on research variables, five healthy rats were placed in a healthy control group. For eight weeks, groups 3 and 4 received 2 mmol of nano-eugenol by gavage daily, and groups 2 and 4 performed aerobic training at 30 m/s five days a week. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, one-way analysis of variance with Tukey post- hoc test were used to analyze the data (P≤0.05). Findings: Induction of diabetes had a significant effect on increasing UPC3 gene expression in pancreatic tissue and MDA serum levels (P=0.001). However, aerobic training with nano-eugenol had a significant effect on the reduction of UPC3 gene expression in pancreatic tissue (P=0.001) and serum levels (P=0.01). Conclusion: It seems that aerobic training along with the use of nano-eugenol has more favorable effects on improving UPC3 gene expression levels and MDA serum levels than the either one alone in diabetes. Keywords: Aerobic Training, Nano Eugenol, UPC3, Malondialdehyde, Diabetes Extended Abstract Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common and growing global health issue. According to the American Diabetes Association, there are about 400 million people with diabetes in the world and it is expected to be increased to more than 600 million people in 2035. In recent years, exercise has been used as a non-pharmacological strategy to control diabetes and its complications. Exercise improves inflammatory diseases such as diabetes by reducing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines (3). Unpaired protein 3 (UPC3) catalyzes adaptive calorific value in muscle due to the increase of proton transfer from the inner mitochondrial membrane. Numerous studies have shown decreased expression of UPC3 mRNA and UPC3 protein in the skeletal muscle of subjects or as a result of aerobic training (4). Currently, the main effective treatment for diabetes is the use of insulin and synthetic drugs that lower blood glucose; but these compounds have several side effects. Given that medicinal plants have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs, therefore, researchers are looking for herbal compounds to treat or prevent this disease. Eugenolor 4-ally1-2-methoxyphenol is an aromatic molecule that is textured in the oils and in the essential oils of various plants, including cloves and cinnamon (6). Various studies have shown that natural antioxidants with phenolic structure play an important role in protecting body tissues against free radicals. According to the presented evidence, eugenol has an important protective effect against lipid peroxidation originated from free radical (7). Therefore, the present study was done to shed light on the ambiguities in this field due to the increasing prevalence of diabetes and its harmful effects on health and the incidence of its complications as well as the effect of antioxidant supplements and the specific type of physical activity on its control and lack of studies on the interactive effects of aerobic training and the use of nano-eugenolon the expression of UPC3 gene and MDA serum levels in diabetic patient. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 25 male Wistar rats were purchased and transferred to the laboratory. Subsequently, 20 rats underwent intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After confirming the rats as diabetic, fasting glucose-based diabetic rats were divided into four groups of five series including 1) training, 2) eugenol, 3) training + eugenol and 4) control. To investigate the effects of diabetes induction on research variables, the remaining five rats were placed in a healthy control group. For eight weeks, groups 3 and 4 received 2 mmol nano-eugenol daily by gavage (10) and groups 2 and 4 performed aerobic training at a speed of 30 m/min, five days a week according to Table 1 (11). It is noteworthy that eugenol was purchased specifically from Sigma and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Nanoparticles were prepared according to the protocol with a concentration of 10% (10). Forty-eight hours after the last training session and after 14 hours of fasting, rats were injected intraperitoneally with a mixture of ketamine (10% at a dose of 50 mg/kg) and xylazine (2% at a dose of 10 mg/kg) were anesthetized and pancreatic tissue and serum of all rats were extracted. Then, UPC3 gene expression levels were measured by Real Time PCR method and MDA serum levels were measured by ELISA method using zellbio kits made in Germany. The sequence of primers of the present research is presented in Table 2. Kolmogorov- Smirnov tests, one-way analysis of variance with Tukey post- hoc test were used to analyze the data (P≤0.05). Findings The results of one-way analysis test showed that there was a significant difference in UPC3 (P=0.001) and MDA (P=0.001) levels of the studied groups. The results of Tukey post- hoc test showed that UPC3 in diabetic control (P=0.001), training (P=0.008), and eugenol (P=0.02) groups was significantly higher than healthy control group. UPC3 in the training + eugenol group was significantly lower than the diabetic control group (P=0.001) and training group (P=0.001). MDA serum levels in diabetic control groups (P=0.001), training group (P=0.02), and eugenol group (P=0.03) were significantly higher than healthy control group. In addition, UPC3 in training + eugenol group was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.02). Discussion The results of the present study showed that induction of diabetes had a significant effect on increasing UPC3 gene expression in pancreatic tissue and MDA serum levels. However, aerobic training had no significant effect on pancreatic UPC3 gene expression levels and MDA serum levels in diabetic rats. The findings of some studies show that UPC3 has significant changes due to the consumption of fatty foods, weight gain, as well as under the influence of training and weight loss. Fallahi et al., examined an eight-week period and an acute phase of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on UCP2 and UCP3 in heart tissue of rats and reported an increase in UCP3 expression following the acute phase. They also reported that UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression decreased after a period of HIIT (14). To sum up what was mentioned above, it seems that response to UCPs expression is not related to the type of training; because HIIT was used in the study of Fallahi et al., but it is probably the intensity of the activity that plays a role in the expression of their genes. The researchers said that adaptation to exercise caused the reduction in the expression of UCPs, though; they showed an increase in UCP3 expression after an acute activity. Anyway, increasing or decreasing UCP3 gene expression has been reported inconsistently in various studies (14) and requires further discussion. The results of the present study also showed that eight weeks of eugenol use alone did not have a significant effect on pancreatic tissue UPC3 gene expression levels and MDA serum levels in diabetic rats. However, eight weeks of eugenol consumption along with training had a significant effect on reducing gene expression levels of UPC3 in pancreatic tissue and MDA serum levels in diabetic rats. Moreover, consumption of eugenol with training has a more favorable effect on reducing the expression levels of UPC3 gene in pancreatic tissue and MDA serum levels of diabetic rats than the training alone. In this regard, a significant decrease in the MDA index was observed in the research of Aziz Beigi et al., following incremental resistance training (21). Fetors et al., and Carabolt et al., in their studies also reported a significant decrease in MDA due to the training, the results of which are consistent with the present study (22, 23). Lack of control total calorie intake and calorie consumption of rats along with the measurement of metabolic- cellular parameters is one of the limitations of the present study; therefore, it is suggested that the effect of aerobic exercise with different intensities along with taking nano-eugenolsupplements with different doses on these variables be investigated in the future studies. Conclusion It seems that aerobic training accompanied by nano-eugenol consumption has more beneficial effects than each of them alone on the improving UPC3 gene expression levels and MDA serum levels in diabetics. Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch of Islamic Azad University with ethical code: IR.IAU.KHUISF.REC.1398.178. Funding Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch of Islamic Azad University Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Khosro Jalali Dehkordi and Farzaneh Taghian; Methodology and data analysis: Shirin Fotovvat; Supervision and final writing: Khosro Jalali Dehkordi and and Farzaneh Taghian. Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - The effect of a period of resistance, endurance and high-intensity interval training on insulin resistance in obese diabetic Wistar rats.
vahideh Riyahi Hassan Morovvati Amir KHosraviIntroduction and purpose: The purpose of this study was the effect of a period of HIIT resistance training on insulin resistance in obese diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 50 diabetic and healthy obese rats (230±16 grams) we MoreIntroduction and purpose: The purpose of this study was the effect of a period of HIIT resistance training on insulin resistance in obese diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 50 diabetic and healthy obese rats (230±16 grams) were randomly divided into 5 groups. 10 groups were divided into 1- control (no training) 2- intense HIIT interval training 3- aerobic training (traditional resistance) with moderate intensity 4- moderate resistance training 5- intense resistance training. The training groups participated in a 12-week resistance and aerobic training program with 5 sessions per week, and the control group did not participate in any training program. Serum insulin was measured by the ELISA method and according to the standards of the commercial kit (Demeditec Diagnostic insulin) ELIZA made in Germany. The data were analyzed using the statistical method of one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that after 12 weeks of training, the serum insulin of subjects in different training groups (endurance, resistance with medium and high intensity, intense interval) was significantly lower than the healthy group (P=0.001) and higher than the diabetic group. (P=0.001) was. Conclusion: Exercise training (endurance resistance and intense interval) increases serum insulin levels in type 2 diabetic obese male rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The effect of a period of resistance, endurance and HIIT training on serum glucose index in obese diabetic Wistar rats
vahideh Riyahi Hassan Morovvati Amir KHosraviBackground and Purpose: The aim of the present study was the effect of a high-intensity, endurance and intermittent HIIT resistance training course on serum glucose index in obese diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 50 diabetic obese MoreBackground and Purpose: The aim of the present study was the effect of a high-intensity, endurance and intermittent HIIT resistance training course on serum glucose index in obese diabetic Wistar rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 50 diabetic obese rats (230 ± 16 grams) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10: 1- control (no exercise) 2- intense HIIT interval training 3- aerobic training (traditional endurance) ) were divided by moderate intensity, 4- moderate resistance training, 5- intense resistance training. The training groups participated in a 12 weeks resistance and aerobic training program with 5 sessions per week, and the control group did not participate in any training program. Glucose concentration was measured by glucose oxidase colorimetric method. The data were analyzed using the statistical method of one-way analysis of variance at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that after 12 weeks of training, the subjects of different training groups (endurance running, moderate and high intensity resistance, intense interval) had significantly lower serum glucose than the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: Sports training (endurance, resistance and intense interval running) reduces serum glucose in type 2 diabetic obese male rats, there was a slight difference in the reduction of serum glucose between different training groups, but this difference was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The effect 8 weeks resistance training on PTP1B expression in Gastrocnemius muscle, insulin resistance and fasting glucose in type 2 diabetic rats
amin boroomand babisan askari Saqqa Farajtabar Behrestaq Amir TaghipourAbstractBackground and Purpose: This experimental study aimed to determine the effect of 8 weeks resistance training on PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle, glucose and insulin resistance in Wistar male's rats with type 2 diabetes. Material and Methods: The populat MoreAbstractBackground and Purpose: This experimental study aimed to determine the effect of 8 weeks resistance training on PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle, glucose and insulin resistance in Wistar male's rats with type 2 diabetes. Material and Methods: The population consisted of all rats, among which 14 were purchased 10-weeks old rats with a 220 ± 20 g weighing. Then, type 2 diabetes induced by 8 weeks high-fat diet + STZ and divided randomly into resistance training and control groups. Then, the resistance rats participated in 8 weeks resistance training for 5 sessions per week. Fasting glucose, serum insulin and PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle of both groups were measured at 48 hours after last exercise and compared between 2 groups by independent T test. Results: The resistance training improved fasting glucose compared with control subjects. Insulin resistance was significantly increased and PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle significantly decreased in resistance group when compared with control subjects. Conclusion: Based on these data, decreased glucose concentration in exercise group can be attributed to decrease PTP1B expression in gastrocnemius muscle in response to resistance training.Keywords: Resistance training, Gastrocnemius muscle, Type 2 diabetes, PTP1B expression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - The Effect of Spirulina Supplement Along with Aerobic, Resistance and High Intensity Interval Training Exercises on Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
mahla jahangir anahita mancherNowadays, obesity is one of the biggest challenges and struggles that the public health faces, which is one of the key reasons for the occurrence of many diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Hence, the purpose of this review study is to investigate the effect of various ex MoreNowadays, obesity is one of the biggest challenges and struggles that the public health faces, which is one of the key reasons for the occurrence of many diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Hence, the purpose of this review study is to investigate the effect of various exercise trainings along with spirulina supplementation on weight loss in type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, the keywords "Spirulina" in combination with "Aerobic exercise", "Resistance exercise", "Intense intermittent training" and "Type 2 diabetes" were searched for persian articles. The keywords used to search for foreign articles were "Spirulina" and "Type 2 diabetes" in combination with "High-intensity interval training", "Aerobic training" and "Resistance training". Which were searched in reliable databases such as Sid.ir, Magiran.com, Google scholar and Mega paper from 2001 to 2023. The results indicate that aerobic exercises with spirulina supplementation have led to a decrease in resistin levels, improvement in lipid profile and metabolic status. Also, resistance training along with spirulina supplement leads to increase in irisin levels, decrease in lipocalin-2, decrease in low-density lipoproteins, weight loss, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with this supplement reduces muscle atrophy and lost weight. Therefore, to control or prevent type 2 diabetes, spirulina supplement can be used along with exercise trainings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Insulin drug regulation by general type 2 fuzzy controller with alpha plane
Shima Nasr Hamid MahmoodianInsulin therapy with an insulin pump for diabetic patients has different challenges in the real world. Physiological uncertainties in human bodies, different types of daily activities are the most important challenges in this field. Besides, delay in CHO effects in bloo MoreInsulin therapy with an insulin pump for diabetic patients has different challenges in the real world. Physiological uncertainties in human bodies, different types of daily activities are the most important challenges in this field. Besides, delay in CHO effects in blood glucose may increase the risk of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic. In this paper, general type 2 fuzzy controller with alpha-plane has been used to handle the uncertainties and a neural network predictor to estimate the blood glucose in next hour as well. Genetic algorithm is also used to tune some free parameters in the controller. in addition, Fuzzy rules have been weighted by predefined values based on the prediction of the amount of glucose in one hour late. in such case, rule weighting has been adjusted according to the glucose of the body which in turn two high risk situations of diabetic patients (hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia) have been considered in fuzzy inference. the Simulation results on Hovorka model shows that the controller can regulate the blood glucose in the existence of uncertainty in model and CHO regimen without the risk of hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic situations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Blood Glucose Control for Type 1 Diabetic Patients: Robust Fuzzy Adaptive Approach
Zahra Kochaki Mohammad Reza Yousefi Khoshnam ShojaeiIn this paper, Blood Glucose control in type 1 diabetic patients in the presence of structured and unstructured uncertainties is studied. In order to increase the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, assumed that all the dynamics describing the regulation of MoreIn this paper, Blood Glucose control in type 1 diabetic patients in the presence of structured and unstructured uncertainties is studied. In order to increase the effectiveness of the proposed control approach, assumed that all the dynamics describing the regulation of Blood Glucose in type 1 diabetic patients are completely unknown. Based on the fuzzy approximation function, which is equipped with the adaptive algorithm and employing the approach of reducing the number of adaptive fuzzy parameters, the unknown dynamics of the Bergman model approximated. Then, based on the feedback linearization control approach and robust adaptive compensator, the design of feedback linearization robust fuzzy controller to regulate Blood Glucose in type 1 diabetic patients in the presence of meal is studied for the first time. Using Lyapunov theory, it is shown that all signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded and the Blood Glucose of diabetic patients converges to the neighborhood of the desired value. Finally, the simulation results show a good controller performance in reducing effect of the meal disturbance, and robustness against uncertain dynamics and meal estimation errors. Moreover, in comparison with some existing results, a good performance of the introduced controller in controlling Blood Glucose of diabetic patients (i.e., keeping Blood Glucose in allowed range 70-120 mg/dl) validated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus ruteri isolated from dairy products in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models
Elham Aminian Elham Moazamian Mohammad Amin EdatamaneshBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed u MoreBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed using biochemical and molecular tests. In this study, treatment was performed on 49 male Wistar rats with a mean age of approximately 6 to 8 weeks. Rats were divided into 7 groups of 7 each. In the intervention group, Lactobacillus ruteri and Lactobacillus plantarum were used. At the end of 4 weeks, weight changes and blood glucose levels of the rats were compared to the positive and negative controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test for comparison of variables. The results showed that during one month the mice were exposed to Lactobacillus bacteria had the highest weight in the fourth week and the lowest weight in the first week of the study. A significant decrease in blood glucose level was observed in the groups consuming L. plantarum and L. ruteri. The present study showed that intervention of Lactobacillus without altering diet or specific diet in rats can significantly decrease blood sugar in the bacterial group. Considering the effect of the studied bacteria on blood glucose reduction, it can be claimed that Lactobacillus can be suggested as an adjunctive treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - اثر روغن گلرنگ بر قند خون و پروفایل لیپیدی در موشهای صحرایی دیابتی شده با آلوکسان و مکانیزم آن
پریوش رحیمی محبوبه سترکی منیر ویودیمقدمه و هدف: دیابت ملیتوس اغلب به عنوان یک سندروم ناهنجاری متابولیسمی شناخته می شود، که معمولا بدلیل ترکیبی از عوامل ارثی ومحیطی رخ می دهد که منجر به افزایش غیر عادی میزان قند خون(هیپرگلیسمی) میشود.امروزه، استفاده از درمانهای غیردارویی (گیاهان دارویی) رویکرد جدیدی در ک Moreمقدمه و هدف: دیابت ملیتوس اغلب به عنوان یک سندروم ناهنجاری متابولیسمی شناخته می شود، که معمولا بدلیل ترکیبی از عوامل ارثی ومحیطی رخ می دهد که منجر به افزایش غیر عادی میزان قند خون(هیپرگلیسمی) میشود.امروزه، استفاده از درمانهای غیردارویی (گیاهان دارویی) رویکرد جدیدی در کنترل بیماری دیابت است. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر روغن گلرنگ بر قند خون و پروفایل لیپیدی در موشهای صحرایی دیابتی بود. روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق 18 سر موش صحرایی نر در سه گروه شش تایی تقسیم شدند: کنترل ، دیابتی تیمار شده با گلی بن کلامید و دیابتی تیمار شده با روغن گلرنگ به میزان 200 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن. برای دیابتی کردن، از آلوکسان به میزان 120 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن به صورت تزریق درون صفاقی استفاده شد. روغن گلرنگ به میزان 200 میلیگرم بر کیلوگرم وزن بدن روزانه در یک دوره زمانی 30 روزه استفاده شد. نتایج و بحث:نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق نشان داد که روغن گلرنگ بهطور معنیداری دارای اثر هیپوگلیسمیک و هیپولیپیدمیک در موش های صحرایی دیابتی بوده است. در واقع، ترکیبات فنولی و اسیدهای چرب روغن گلرنگ نقش مهمی در تنظیم ترشح انسولین و هموستازی گلوکز ایفا می کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - بررسی اثر عصاره آبی برگ توت سفید (.Morus alba L) بر میزان قند و چربی های خون در موش های صحرایی نر
رحمت اله پرندین رضا خدارحمی شفیع امینی مقدممقدمه و هدف: دیابت شیرین یکی از مهم ترین مشکلات پزشکی در اغلب کشورها و به ویژه ایران می باشد. این بیماری در واقع ناشی از اختلال در سوخت و ساز قندها، چربی ها و پروتئین های بدن می باشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی اثر درمانی برگ های گیاه توت سفید (L. Morus alba) بر موش Moreمقدمه و هدف: دیابت شیرین یکی از مهم ترین مشکلات پزشکی در اغلب کشورها و به ویژه ایران می باشد. این بیماری در واقع ناشی از اختلال در سوخت و ساز قندها، چربی ها و پروتئین های بدن می باشد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش ارزیابی اثر درمانی برگ های گیاه توت سفید (L. Morus alba) بر موش های آزمایشگاهی دیابتی شده بود.روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه تجربی تعداد 30 موش بالغ نر نژاد ویستار با وزن بین 200 تا 250 گرم به طور تصادفی در 5 گروه (دو گروه موش سالم و سه گروه دیابتی) تقسیم شدند. در ابتدا سه گروه تجربی با استفاده از تزریق داخل صفاتی mg/kg 60 استرپتوزوتوسین دیابتی شده و به یک گروه از موش های دیابتی روزانه mg/kg600 عصاره آبی توت سفید برای مدت 35 روز خورانده شد. به یک گروه از موش های دیابتی نیز بدون انجام درمان خاص در نظر گرفته شد و گروه دیگر موش های دیابتی نیز روزانه انسولین NPH تزریق شد. یک گروه از موش های سالم روزانه mg/kg600 عصاره آبی توت سفید و گروه دیگر موش های سالم نیز طی همین مدت فقط سرم فیزیولوژیکی دریافت می کردند. در پایان میزان قند و چربی های خون با روش های متداول اندازه گیری شد.نتایج و بحث: در این تحقیق مشخص گردید که عصاره آبی برگ توت سفید سبب کاهش معنی دار غلظت گلوکز (001/0< P)، کلسترول (05/0< P)، تری گلیسرید (01/0< P) و LDL (05/0< P) و افزایش معنی دار میزان HDL (05/0< P) سرم درموش های دیابتی در مقایسه با موش های دیابتی بدون درمان خاص شده است.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که عصاره آبی برگ توت سفید میزان قند و چربی های خون را در موش های سالم تغییر نمی دهد، ولی در موش های دیابتی سبب کاهش مقدار قند و چربی های خون می­شود و در صورت کسب نتایج بالینی مطلوب و با توجه به اینکه برگ این گیاه به وفور یافت می شود ممکن است کمک شایانی به تولید صنعتی داروی کاهش قند خون نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - ارزیابی خواص ضد دیابتی، ضد چربی خون و آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره آبی پوست Millettia laurentii (Fabaceae) در شرایط In vitro و in vivo
ویلیام آرنولد تازون مارتین فونکوا ماریل آناستازی زالی یوووپ جانویر گوی تاکوئیسو گومتو اینل ماکاموه گابن آزانتسا کینگوBackground & Aim: Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia play a major role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its macro and microvascular complications. Therefore, managing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia is an effective way to control MoreBackground & Aim: Hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia play a major role in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its macro and microvascular complications. Therefore, managing hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia is an effective way to control diabetes. The present study aimed to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential of the aqueous extract of M. laurentii barks.Experimental: The M. laurentii barks were harvested, treated, dried, ground and an aqueous extraction was carried out (1:10 weight/volume). Subsequently, the anti-hyperglycemic (inhibition of α-amylase and invertase activity) and antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging, iron III reduction and metal chelating) properties of the aqueous extract was evaluated in vitro. In the in vivo study, 20 male Wistar strain rats with an average weight of 230 to 250 gramme divided into two groups; a negative control group (NC) and a batch of 15 rats. This last batch received an intraperitoneal injection of 45mg/kg BW of streptozotocin then subdivided into 3 groups of 5 rats: positive control group (PC) receiving distilled water, a test group receiving aqueous extract of M. laurentii barks (AEML) at the dose of 300 mg/kg BW and a reference group receiving metformin at 20 mg/kg BW. After 21 days of experimentation, the animals were sacrificed, the plasma, serum, hemolysate and liver homogenate were used to evaluate the biomarkers of oxidative stress (catalase, MDA), lipid profile (triglyceride, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol) and immunological biomarkers (CRP and NFS).Results: It emerged that the aqueous extract presented in vitro an anti-hyperglycemic activity (inhibition of invertase and alpha amylase with IC50 values 0.015 and 0.38 mg/mL, respectively) and antioxidant activity (DPPH radicals scavenging, reduction of iron III and inhibition of haemolysis). The extract also reduced in vivo, chronic hyperglycemia by -28.44% after 21 days of treatment, improved endogenous antioxidant status, inflammation and lipid profile.Recommended applications/industries: The findings show that AEML has an anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties. Therefore, could be used traditionally in the management of diabetes and its complications in Cameroon. Extending the current control of chronic hyperglycemia is urgently needed in Cameroon to protect human lives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - طراحی فرمولاسیون و ارزیابی خواص فیزیکو تکنیکی و هیپوگلیسمی قرص های حاوی فراکشن Dioscorea dumetorum در موش های صحرایی دیابتی شده با آلوکسان
آزوبیکه اوکولی چوکووبوکا اومیور کالیستوس نواکیله ابره اوکویی توچوکو او ککه امانوئل اوروناچیBackground & Aim: There is increasing interest in the quest for safe and relatively inexpensive medicines from natural products for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, the main thrust of this study was to formulate and evaluate the anti-diabetic activity MoreBackground & Aim: There is increasing interest in the quest for safe and relatively inexpensive medicines from natural products for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM). Thus, the main thrust of this study was to formulate and evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of tablets containing aqueous fraction of Dioscorea dumetorum (bitter yam).Experimental: D. dumetorum was extracted using ethanol followed by aqueous fractionation. A rational amount (200 mg) of the fraction (drug) was blended used to produce seven batches of granules by wet granulation and their micromeritic profiles were determined. The granules were compressed into seven batches of tablets and quality control tests including weight uniformity, crushing strength, friability, drug content, disintegration, and dissolution profiles were undertaken. Anti-diabetic activity of the tablets was assayed using alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Results: Results showed that the granules had good flow properties and compressibility. Tablets produced had good uniformity of weight (0.64 ± 0.01 to 0.66 ± 0.01 g), hardness (4.33 to 8.67 kgf), were less friable (0.05 ± 0.03 to 0.31 ± 0.04 %) with high drug content (98.91 ± 0.55 to 101.39 ± 0.92 %), had acceptable disintegration time (6.44 ± 0.46 to 14.05 ± 0.42 min) for normal release tablets, and recorded 70 – 100 % drug release in 60 min. The result of the anti-diabetic activity study showed that the tablets had blood glucose lowering ability similar to metformin tablet, and therefore could be used as an important alternative in the treatment of diabetes. Recommended applications/industries: Aqueous fractions of D. dumetorum should be further purified and used in the preparation of tablets for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Extraction and fractionation methods for the plant should be made reproducible for easier industrial application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - اثرات ضد دیابتی و سم شناسی عصاره آبی برگ Ocimum gratissimum در موشهای دیابتی ناشی از آلوکسان
عبدالکریم محمود بوخاری محمود آدنیک اولادیجیBackground & Aim:Ocimum gratissimumis an aromatic plants used among traditional medicine practitioners in the treatment of warts, diarrhoea, headache, diabetes etc. This study aimed at evaluating the anti-diabetic and toxicity profile of aqueous leaf extract of the MoreBackground & Aim:Ocimum gratissimumis an aromatic plants used among traditional medicine practitioners in the treatment of warts, diarrhoea, headache, diabetes etc. This study aimed at evaluating the anti-diabetic and toxicity profile of aqueous leaf extract of the plant in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Experimental: Thirty albino rats (111.33 ±1.50g) were grouped into six (A-F) groups of animals. Group A received 0.5 ml distilled water (p.o) for eight days. Diabetes was induced in group B-F animals using 160 mg/kg alloxan (i.p < /em>) and thereafter administered 2.5 metformin, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum gratissimum, respectively (p.o) for 8 consecutive days. Blood sugar level was taken 1 h after drug administration every other day. Body weights of animals were taken before induction, after induction, and on the 8th day. Blood samples and organs (liver, kidney, and pancreas) were collected for biochemical assays and histopathological examinations. Results: Alloxan significantly (p < 0.05) increased the glucose, albumin, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine transaminase (ALT) levels of rats compared with the distilled water group. The aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum gratissimum significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the glucose, albumin, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, ALP, AST and ALT levels compared with the diabetic untreated rats. There were no significant histological changes in the liver, pancreas and kidneys of diabetic treated rats compared with diabetic untreated rats which exhibited moderately distorted organ degeneration. Recommended applications/industries: Aqueous leaves extract of Ocimum gratissimum possesses anti-hyperglycemic effects and is relatively safe for use in the treatment of diabetics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - خواص درمانی عصاره متانولی برگ Momordica charantia در سمیت های قلبی ناشی از آلوکسان در موش صحرایی
ساندی افوب آدمولا اویابمی تمیدایو اومواله ادورابنرو آدداپو آبیدون آیودل مومح یاکوبو الوفمی اگانتیبجو آدلو آدداپوBackground & Aim:Momordica charantiais an extensively distributed plant that is broadly prescribed in African medical system for treatment of various ailments. The plant has a comprehensive range of therapeutic uses. The present study reveals the antioxidative and c MoreBackground & Aim:Momordica charantiais an extensively distributed plant that is broadly prescribed in African medical system for treatment of various ailments. The plant has a comprehensive range of therapeutic uses. The present study reveals the antioxidative and cardioprotective abilities of methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia (MLEMC) against cardiotoxicity using alloxan-induced animal model. Experimental: The ameliorative effect of the methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia (MLEMC) was studied in alloxan-induced cardiac injury in 50 rats divided into five groups (A-E) (n =10) i.e. group A control, group B was toxicant group, group C animals received glibenclamide treatment while groups D and E received extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively, for 28 days. Histopathological changes, serum cardiac injury markers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitric oxide (NO) contents; oxidative status, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, cardiac P38 and CRP were evaluated. Results: The extract-treated group showed a decreased level of oxidant markers such as malondialdehyde(MDA) and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2) but increased levels of protein thiols, non-protein thiols, glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) indicating its anti-oxidant potential. Heart sections revealed mild distortion of the cardiac architecture compared to toxicant group while decreased expression of cardiac P38 and CRP in extract-treated groups was observed. Recommended applications/industries: The plant extract exhibited anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, thereby displaying cardio-protective property which propose the plant as a good natural source for herbal nutraceuticals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - تنظیم ژنهای روده ای GLP-1 و GLUT2 تحت هیپوگلیسمی در موش های تغذیه شده با (Desplatsia subericarpa (Bocq
الاپسی اموتیووای اوواکپری-یوو اقال ایدو مکدونالدBackground & Aim:Indigenous people of West Africa use the whole-leaf of Desplatsia subericarpa (Bocq) in anti-diabetic soup delicacy. This study was designed to validate the anti-diabetic claims and delineating possible mechanisms. Experimental:RT-PCR method was use MoreBackground & Aim:Indigenous people of West Africa use the whole-leaf of Desplatsia subericarpa (Bocq) in anti-diabetic soup delicacy. This study was designed to validate the anti-diabetic claims and delineating possible mechanisms. Experimental:RT-PCR method was used to investigate regulation of intestinal glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and pancreatic insulin, L-type voltage-gated calcium channel genes. Insulin exocytosis was also monitored using ELISA method. The kidney sample was investigated for biomarkers of injury (kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and interleukin-1-β (IL-1β)). Results: GLP-1 up-regulation, GLUT2 down-regulation and increased insulin exocytosis but not increased insulin gene expression was observed in animals after a 3-day culinary exposure to D. Subericarpa leaves. This mechanism may explain hypoglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in animals in this study. KIM-1 and IL-1-β genes were marked up regulated in normal animals exposed (14-day) to D. Subericarpa. Recommended applications/industries: D. Subericarpa whole leaf contains phytochemicals principles with anti-diabetic potency but may be nephrotoxic. Therefore, for clinical use, selective fractionation of active components from the toxic components is desirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - بررسی فعالیت ضد دیابتی و کاهش دهندگی چربی در Solenostemon monostachyus
جواد اکوکون لوییس آمازو لوکی نوییدامقدمه و هدف: Solenostemon monostachyus هنوز اهمیت خود را به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی سنتی در درمان برخی از بیماریها از جمله دیابت ملیتوس در بین مردمان ایبی بیو از دست نداده است. البته بسیاری از این ادعاهای دارویی هنوز نیاز به تایید از نظر علوم دارویی دارند. بنابراین ه Moreمقدمه و هدف: Solenostemon monostachyus هنوز اهمیت خود را به عنوان یک گیاه دارویی سنتی در درمان برخی از بیماریها از جمله دیابت ملیتوس در بین مردمان ایبی بیو از دست نداده است. البته بسیاری از این ادعاهای دارویی هنوز نیاز به تایید از نظر علوم دارویی دارند. بنابراین هدف در این تحقیق استفاده از عصاره Solenostemon monostachyus برای کنترل دیابت در یک ارزیابی علمی بوده است. روش تحقیق: عصاره خام و فراکشنهایS. monostachyus (225-75 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم) برای ارزیابی فعالیت ضد دیابتی در موشهای دیابتی شده با آلوکسان مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و فعالیت ضد دیابتی در مطالعات حاد و بلند مدت ارزیابی شد. از گلی بن کلامید به میزان 10 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم به عنوان نمونه کنترل مثبت استفاده شد. سطح گلوکز خون(BGL) با استفاده از گلوکومتر اندازه گیری شده و سطح لیپیدهای مختلف با استفاده از کیتهای شناسایی Randox تخمین زده شد. نتایج و بحث: تیمار موشهای دیابتی شده با آلوکسان توسط عصاره/فراکشنهای عصاره باعث کاهش معنی داری (P<0.001) در BGL در مطالعات حاد و بلند مدت شد( دو هفته). فعالیت عصاره و فراکشنها قابل مقایسه با گروه گلی بن کلامید در بلند مدت بود. تیمار با S. monostachyus باعث کاهش قابل توجه در کلسترول کل، تری گلیسریدها، LDL، VLDL و افزایش در HDL در گروه دیابتی تیمار شده شد. توصیه های کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج نشان داد که عصاره S. monostachyus دارای تاثیرات ضد دیابتی و کاهنده چربی بر روی موشهای دیابتی شده باآلوکسان است که می تواند به منظور کنترل دیابت مورد بهره برداری قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - اثرات آنتی بیوتیکی و آنتی اکسیدانی عصاره متانولی برگ گیاه Momordica charantia بر فشار خون ناشی از آلوکسان در موش صحرایی
ساندی افوگ الوفکه فلایی بلسین اگونپلو آدمولا اویابمی تمیدایو اوموبوال مومو یکوبو اولووافمی اوگونتیبجو آدلو آدداپوBackground & Aim:The plant Momordica charantia is highly valuable having a wide range of medicinal uses with tropical and subtropical regions distribution. This study was conducted to appraise the medicative properties of methanol leaf extract of Momo MoreBackground & Aim:The plant Momordica charantia is highly valuable having a wide range of medicinal uses with tropical and subtropical regions distribution. This study was conducted to appraise the medicative properties of methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia (MEMC) on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Experimental: The antidiabetic influence of methanol leaf extract of Momordica charantia (MEMC) was investigated in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats. 50 rats allocated into five groups (A-E) (n =10) were utilized in this study: group A was normal control, groups B to E were induced with alloxan with diabetes established, while group B was not treated, group C received glibenclamide treatment while groups D and E were administered extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, respectively, in a study that continued for 28 days. Changes in blood glucose levels, body weight, haematology, serum chemistry, antioxidant system and histopathology changes were evaluated. Results: MEMC elicited significant drop in blood glucose level from diabetic to near normal level, restoring the body weight, haematological and serum biochemical parameters to the basal non diabetic level; likewise the MEMC-treated group elicited a decreased level of oxidant markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) but increased concentration of protein thiols (PT), non-protein thiols (NPT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) indicating its anti-oxidant potential. The pancreas section also revealed repair of distorted pancreatic architecture in MEMC-treated group compared to diabetic group. Recommended applications/industries: The plant exhibited anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant abilities hence could be explored for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - مروری بر خواص دارویی و کاربردی دارچین
امیرپویا قندهاری یزدی آلاله نیکویی لیلا صداقت بروجنیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش د Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به عوارض داروهای شیمیایی امروزه طب گیاهی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. دارچین از تیره برگ بو[1] است که در غذاها به عنوان ادویه و در داروها استفاده میشود. دارچین دارای خواص ضدمیکروب، آنتی اکسیدان، آنتی دیابت ضد ویروس و ضد اسپاسم، ضد نفخ، افزایش دهنده تعریق بدن، گرم کننده و محرک رحم میباشد. اسانس دارچین خاصیت ضد قارچی و ضد باکتریایی دارد که احتمالا این آثار مربوط به محتوی ارتومتوکسی سینامالدئید است. عصاره دارچین دارای ترکیباتی مثل اوژنول میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت فیبرینولیتیک در آن میشود. دارچین و ترکیبات آن میتوانند روی سیستم اعصاب مرکزی نیز اثر گذاشته و باعث کاهش درد شوند همچنین ترکیبات موجود در دارچین باعث تقویت عمل انسولین و کاهش مقاومت انسولینی میشود که باعث اثر مثبت بر گلوکز سطح خون میشود. یکی از مهمترین اثرات درمانی دارچین افزایش میل جنسی میباشد. افزایش هورمونها را میتوان به اثر مستقیم یا غیر مستقیم ترکیبات دارچین به ویژه سینامالدئید در افزایش سنتز نیتریک اکسید دانست. دارچین دارای ترکیبات فرار و غیر فرار فنلیک و غیر فنلیک میباشد که باعث به وجود آمدن خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی در دارچین میشود. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به خواص ذکر شده برای دارچین و عصاره آن، هم­چنین سهولت در استخراج عصاره و قیمت مناسب آن میتوان در صنایع دارویی و مواد غذایی از آن استفاده نمود.در صنعت موادغذایی از خواص آنتی میکروبیالی و آنتی اکسیدانی آن و حتی در صنایع بستهبندی به عنوان یک نگهدارنده طبیعی میتوان از آن استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی و پتانسیل محافظت کبدی عصاره اتری پوست ساقه Blighia sapida در موشهای دیابتی ناشی از STZ
دامیلولا اوموبوا امانوئل آکینتیمین سلمنت آکینوبی توهیب بالگونBackground & Aim:Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that affects all systems in the body, including the liver. This study evaluated the in-vitro antioxidant capacity and liver function status of STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with petroleum and diethyl ethe MoreBackground & Aim:Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that affects all systems in the body, including the liver. This study evaluated the in-vitro antioxidant capacity and liver function status of STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with petroleum and diethyl ether fractions of Blighia sapida stem barkfor 14 days. Experimental: The antioxidant ability of the petroleum and diethyl ether fraction of Blighia sapida stem bark was evaluated by total flavonoids and phenolic content (TFC and TPC) and DPPH scavenging activity using standard protocol. Thirty-five rats in seven groups were used. Plasma transaminases (ALT and AST) activities and bilirubin level was determined using standard procedure. Results: The TFC and TPC of petroleum ether fraction of B. sapida (PEFBS) (47.16 mg QUE/100g and 39.87 mg GAE/100g) was observed to be higher compared to diethyl ether fraction of B. sapida (DEFBS) (37.44 mg QUE/100 g and 36.74 mg/GAE/100g). The DPPH scavenging activity of the fractions were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced across the concentrations compared to the standard (gallic acid). STZ induced diabetes rats administered 2 ml/kg b. w. of normal saline significantly (p < 0.05) increased plasma ALT, AST activities and bilirubin level compared to the normal control rats while treatment of diabetic rats with petroleum and diethyl ether fraction of B. sapida at both dosesreduced the activities of these enzymes and level of bilirubin. Recommended applications/industries: The results sustain the fact that, the fractions of B. sapida have an immense potential to be developed further into a therapeutic agent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - اثر عصاره آبی الکلی کارده (Biarum Bovei) بر آستانه درد موش های صحرایی دیابتی شده با استرپتوزوتوسین
معصومه سیفی زنگنه مریم رفیعی راد حسین سازگارمقدمه و هدف: دیابت قندی در دراز مدت از راههای مختلف از جمله تشدید روند استرس اکسیداتیو با اختلالاتی همچون درد و شناخت در جامعه انسانی و حیوانات آزمایشگاهی همراه است. با توجه به وجود شواهدی مبنی بر اثر ضد دیابتی عصاره کارده، اثر تجویز خوراکی این عصاره بر میزان قند خون و Moreمقدمه و هدف: دیابت قندی در دراز مدت از راههای مختلف از جمله تشدید روند استرس اکسیداتیو با اختلالاتی همچون درد و شناخت در جامعه انسانی و حیوانات آزمایشگاهی همراه است. با توجه به وجود شواهدی مبنی بر اثر ضد دیابتی عصاره کارده، اثر تجویز خوراکی این عصاره بر میزان قند خون و آستانه درد در موش های صحرایی دیابتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: حیوانات به گروه کنترل(سالم)، دیابتی و 5 گروه دیابتی با استرپتوزوتوسین )mg/kg 70 STZ,) که به مدت دو هفته عصاره هیدرو الکی کارده (mg/kg 50، 100، 400،200، 800) را به روش گاواژ دریافت کرده اند، تقسیم شدند. میزان قند خون با خون گیری از ناحیه دم اندازگیری شد. و سپس تست تیل فیلیک جهت سنجش آستانه درد انجام شد. نتایج با استفاده از آزمونهای آماری تجزیه واریانس یک طرفه و تست توکی آنالیز گردیدند. نتایج و بحث: دیابت باعث کاهش قند خون (001/0> p) وآستانه درد (001/0> p) گردید و تجویز دوزهای (mg/kg 100، 200) عصاره کارده با عث کاهش قند خون (01/0>p ) و دوز mg/kg100 منجر به افزایش آستانه درد (05/0> p) گردید. عصاره کارده در دوزهای (mg/kg 50، 800،400) تاثیری بر درد نداشت. یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که مصرف عصاره هیدرو الکلی کارده احتمالا با خاصیت آنتی­اکسیدانی قادر به کاهش قند خون و عوارض ناشی از دیابت از جمله درد در حیوانات مبتلا به دیابت می­گردد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به اثرات جانبی کم داروهای گیاهی بویژه انتی­اکسیدان­ها از جمله کارده می تواند در کاهش عوارض ناشی از دیابت در کنار دارودرمانی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - اثر عصاره متانولی برگ Momordica charantia بر نفروپاتی ناشی از آلوکسان از طریق تعدیل مسیرهای سیگنالینگ BCL2 / NF-kB در موش صحرایی
ساندی افوبه آدمولا اویابمی تمیدایو اوبوموال ادورابنرو آدداپو آبیدون آدوله مومو یاکوبو آلوفمی انتیبجو آدلو آدداپوBackground & Aim: Nephropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes with oxidative stress as one of the possible mechanisms mediating the event. Natural products with antioxidant property may be a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate renal damage fro MoreBackground & Aim: Nephropathy is one of the major complications of diabetes with oxidative stress as one of the possible mechanisms mediating the event. Natural products with antioxidant property may be a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate renal damage from diabetic nephropathy hence the renoprotective activity of methanolic leaf extract of Momordica charantia (MEMC) was assessed. Experimental: The effects of MEMC on alloxan-induced nephrotoxicity were examined where toxicity was induced by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan to 50 rats divided into five groups of 10 rats each. MEMC was administered to two groups at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days; glibenclamide administered to another group of diabetic rats. While another group was left untreated, a group of normal rats received only distilled water. Nephroprotective effect of the extract was studied by assessing its effect on oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defence system, immunohistochemistry, histological and serum urea and creatinine analysis. Results: Alloxan administration altered renal biomarkers (increased serum urea and creatinine levels), increased renal H2O2 malondialdehyde levels, and decreased reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Histological studies showed glomerular degeneration and hypercellularity. However, administration of glibenclamide (4 mg/kg) and MEMC ameliorated the alloxan-induced nephrotoxicity. Immunohistochemical studies revealed lower expressions of BCL2 but greater expressions of NF-κB in the kidney of the toxicant non-treated rats compared with the control, glibenclamide treated and MEMC treated rats. Recommended applications/industries: MEMC showed renoprotective activity in alloxan-induced nephropathy mediated through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This extract could be used in the treatment of acute kidney failure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Intelligent Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis in Retinal Images
Marzie Zahmatkesh Ali Rafiee Majid Mazinani -
Open Access Article
116 - Presenting a Real Time Method for Automatic Detection of Diabetes Based on Fuzzy Reward-Penalty System
Najmeh Hosseinpour Mohammad Mosleh Saeed Setayeshi -
Open Access Article
117 - Invitro Studies of Antioxidant, Antiradical, Antidiabetic Activities and prevention of Advanced Glycation Endproducts by Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Seyed Mehrdad Kassaee Seyedeh Negin KassaeeNowadays medicinal plants are in the focus of attention because of their roles in prevention and treatment of many diseases. The aim of this study was in vitro assessment of antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of Cinnamon zeylanicum. Aqous extract of cinnamon were p MoreNowadays medicinal plants are in the focus of attention because of their roles in prevention and treatment of many diseases. The aim of this study was in vitro assessment of antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of Cinnamon zeylanicum. Aqous extract of cinnamon were prepared by maceration method. The 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml concentration of this extract were prepared. The phytochemical properties of Cinnamon detected by measuring the phenol and flavonoid, total antioxidant capacity, radical scavenging power, metal chelating ability and thiol groups assay. Antidiabetic activities also were assayed with fructosamine formation inhibition and advanced glycation end products(AGEs) inhibition abilities by spectrophotometric and spectroflurometric methods respectively. Ability of the extracts in preventation of glycated albumin fragmentation was assayed by SDS-PAGE. The content of phenol and flavonoid were determined by standard methods. The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA procedure according to SPSS software program. Cinnamun exhibited 31.34±1.83 mg GAE/g extract of phenol contents and also 19.89±1.37 mg QE/g extracts of flavonoid content respectively. All methods confirmed the antioxidant and antiradical effects of cinnamon in a concentration related manner. This plant has antidiabetic properties and reduced fructosamine and AGEs formation and also could inhibit glycated albumin fragmentation. Cinnamon has antioxidant and antidiabetic properties and could prevent complications of diabetes mellitus. According to these properties, we can suggest using this plant in diabetic patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Study of MNSODA16V gene polymorphisms of genes involved in type II diabetes patients in the population of Mazandaran province
zeynab noroozi Abbas Ali Dehpour joybariOne of the genes that can play a role in increasing the incidence of type 2 diabetes is the MNSODA16V gene. In this study, the relationship between this gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Mazandaran people was studied. About 1cc of blood containing EDTA (CBC) plasm MoreOne of the genes that can play a role in increasing the incidence of type 2 diabetes is the MNSODA16V gene. In this study, the relationship between this gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus among Mazandaran people was studied. About 1cc of blood containing EDTA (CBC) plasma were obtained from 50 infected and 50 individuals. In order to determine the amount and quality of DNA, two methods of quantitative evaluation using spectrophotometric method and qualitative evaluation using electrophoresis were used. In order to estimate the DNA concentration, 4 μl of the DNA base solution was mixed with one μl of the sampler buffer and evaporated once in the wells of 1.2% agarose gel in the TAE buffer. To evaluate the PCR product, 2% agarose gel was performed. 5 μl of the product of each reaction, with 1 ml of color, was transferred to gel wells and electrophoresis at 100 volts for 1.5 hours. The gel was stained in Ethidium bromide solution (0.5 mg / ml) for 20 minutes, and then transferred to distilled water from the dye gel apparatus. Unfortunately, due to the repeated use of up to 3 times and the use of the DNA extraction kit, this is not the work process and needs to be further explored. For this reason, this study shows little success with the association of MNSODA16V polymorphism and also requires more study in different populations to better understand the role of MNSODA16V. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - The effect of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics on expression of RAGE and TGFβ genes in kidney tissue of diabetic rats
zahra keshtmand ghazaleh alizadehBackground and aims: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes that increases the mortality and mortality of patients with diabetes. Probiotics, due to their function, can help control diabetes as dietary supplements.. The aim of this stud MoreBackground and aims: Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes that increases the mortality and mortality of patients with diabetes. Probiotics, due to their function, can help control diabetes as dietary supplements.. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis probiotics on the expression of RAGE and TGFβ gene in the tissues of all diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 35 rats were grouped into 5 groups (n = 7) control, diabetic, and three diabetic groups receiving Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium lactis and a mixture of both probiotics. Diabetic mice received a single dose of streptozotocin intraperitoneally, and probiotics were gavaged for 35 days. After the treatment period, glucose and insulin levels were measured and changes in RAGE and TGFβ expression in kidney tissue were measured by real-time method . Results: Blood glucose, insulin levels, expression of RAGE and TGFβ genes in the tissues of all diabetic rats treated with probiotics showed significant changes compared with diabetic rats.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it is possible that the use of probiotics Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium lactis in diabetic conditions is an effective method to reduce the expression of RAGE and TGFβ gene in the kidney tissue of type 1 diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Experimental Study on Evaluation of Effects of Implantation Site of Mesenchymal Stem Cells/scaffold on Recovery of Diabetic in a Rat Model
elham hoveiziDiabetes Mellitus is an autoimmune and chronic disorder that has spread rapidly all over the world due to lifestyle and obesity. In this study, we are trying to find an effective step in controlling diabetes by designing an engineered tissue and grafting it to different MoreDiabetes Mellitus is an autoimmune and chronic disorder that has spread rapidly all over the world due to lifestyle and obesity. In this study, we are trying to find an effective step in controlling diabetes by designing an engineered tissue and grafting it to different sites in the animal model. Uterine endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (EnMSCs) were prepared using the enzymatic extraction method and PAN nanofiber scaffold by electrospinning method. EnMSCs were cultured on the scaffold and transplanted into diabetic rats treated with streptozotocin. The engineered tissue was transplanted in one group peritoneally in the abdominal cavity and the other group subcutaneously. Also, in another group of rats, EnMSCs were injected through the tail. After transplantation, blood glucose, insulin, and weight of rats were measured. The findings of the present study showed that the method and area of stem cell transplantation play an important role in the control of diabetes. In the groups receiving EnMSCs, glucose concentration, blood insulin level, and body weight were improved compared to the control group. Compared to other groups, glucose concentration decreased significantly and blood insulin level and body weight increased significantly in rats receiving a peritoneal transplant. In the subcutaneous transplant group and the injection group, there was no significant difference in the investigated criteria. According to the results of this study, transplantation of EnMSCs using PAN scaffold in the peritoneal site can be suggested for the treatment of diabetes, although more studies are needed in this field to provide a complete treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Predicting the Risk of Diabetes in Iranian Patients with β-Thalassemia Major / Intermedia Based on Artificial Neural Network
Fatemeh Yousefian Touraj Banirostam Azita Azarkeivan -
Open Access Article
122 - Identification and evaluation of antidiabetic activity of bacteria isolated from Persian Gulf sponges
Atefeh Ansarizadeh Farshid Kafilzadeh Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi Mohammad Kargar Mohsen GozariBackground and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacter MoreBackground and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacteria that produce metabolites that inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and methods: In this study, 25 samples of Haliclona and Niphatea sponges were collected from 6 stations. Identification was done based on phenotypic characteristics. Bacteria were cultured in broth nutrient medium and their secondary metabolites were extracted by ethyl acetate. The inhibition rate of metabolites against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was evaluated based on colorimetric methods. The toxicity of metabolites against normal umbilical cord endothelial cell line was investigated. The productive bacteria were identified by polyphasic taxonomy approach. Results: A total of 105 bacteria were isolated. Vibrio and Bacillus bacteria with 32.81% and 17.19% in Haliclona sp. and 19.51% and 34.15% in Niphatea sp. The metabolites extracted from 3 isolates inhibited amylase enzyme activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.248 to 366.8 µg/ml. Also, 4 isolates produced inhibitory metabolites against alpha-glucosidase enzyme in IC50 values from 159.4 to 670.9 µg/ml. Based on the results of polyphasic identification of capable isolates including Bacillus pumilus HH 165, Pseudomonas lurida HH 124, Streptomyces sp. HN 235, Bacillus tequilensis HN 231. Conclusion: In this study, 3 strains of bacteria producing inhibitory compounds, including alpha-ambellase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes, and without cytotoxicity were identified. The mentioned bacteria can be suitable candidates in diabetes studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Predicting blood sugar levels based on ego-bonding, health boundaries and post-traumatic growth in type 2 diabetic patients
Masoume Abrandabadi Maryam MashayekhBackground and purpose: Diabetes is a chronic disease that physiological, cognitive, behavioral, emotional and social factors play a role in its prevention, reversal and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting blood sugar level based on ego b MoreBackground and purpose: Diabetes is a chronic disease that physiological, cognitive, behavioral, emotional and social factors play a role in its prevention, reversal and control. The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting blood sugar level based on ego binding, health boundaries and post-traumatic growth in type 2 diabetic patients. Materials and methods: In the current study, 50 people were randomly selected in a multi-stage cluster among those who had referred to diabetes treatment centers such as Taban Diabetes Clinic and Diabetics Association in Tehran. Information was collected through three questionnaires, including ego strength, health boundaries, and post-traumatic growth. Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the research data. Findings: The results of the present study show that there is a significant positive relationship between blood sugar levels (HbA1c) and ego strength, health boundaries and post-traumatic growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Robust type-2 Fuzzy Control for Glucose-Level Regulation in Type-I Diabetic Patients
Razieh Zamani Mehdi Siahi Amin Ramezani -
Open Access Article
125 - Effects of Eight Weeks of Combined Yoga Exercises, Almond Consumption and Diet on Sexual Function of Diabetic Women
Zahra Akbarian Tahereh Bagherpour Nematollah Nemati -
Open Access Article
126 - The Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Berberis vulgaris on Wound Healing of Diabetic Wistar Rats
Mansoureh Pashaee Abdolhossein Shiravi Vida Hojati -
Open Access Article
127 - Supplemental Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Prangos ferulacea Butanol Extract on Blood Glucose of Diabetic Wistar Rats
Hamid Dadar Reza Bzorgyan Freshteh Rahdan Elahe Piraei Yadollah Edalatpanah -
Open Access Article
128 - The Effect of Consumption the Alcoholic Extract of Cedar on Blood Glucose, Urea and Total Cholesterol Diabetic Rats
Mostafa Bahrebar Yadolah Edalatpanah -
Open Access Article
129 - Impact of Physical Exercise and Food Habit on Type II Diabetes Mellitus Medicated Patients-A Cross Sectional Study
Tasfia Sharin Benojir Ahammed MD. Toufiqu Elahi Muhammad Shamim Al Mamun Dipak Paul -
Open Access Article
130 - Evaluation of Serum Zinc Levels in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Compared with Non-diabetic Pregnant Women
Hosnie Hoseini Afsane Sarabandi Mohammad Reza Rezaei Soudabeh Etemadi Azade Sarani Fatemeh Rezaei -
Open Access Article
131 - Evaluation of Blood Components of Glycemic Control in Diabetics with and without Cataract in Comparison with Non-diabetics
Elham Zainalinia Rouhallah Najjar Sadeghi Mostafa Ebadi Mohammad Faghihi -
Open Access Article
132 - Metabolic and Hormonal Effects of COVID-19 and the Role of Exercise in Coping with It during Infection and Recovery
Saeid Fatolahi Shahnaz Shahrbanian Nemat Nematollahi Kelly E. Johnson Ayoub Saeidi -
Open Access Article
133 - A Comprehensive Review on Determinants of Poor Treatment Adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Low Health Literacy
Helen Williams Srinivasan RanganathanBoth preventive and therapeutic interventions are necessary for good diabetes management and the prevention of complications. There are serious therapeutic and financial repercussions when patients don't follow their doctors' orders about medicine, nutrition, and health MoreBoth preventive and therapeutic interventions are necessary for good diabetes management and the prevention of complications. There are serious therapeutic and financial repercussions when patients don't follow their doctors' orders about medicine, nutrition, and healthcare procedures. The current comprehensive review aims to determine factors that have been observed in patients with type 2 diabetes and low health literacy, contribute to poor treatment adherence in 2022. Five steps were taken to complete this review: creating a research question, looking for and extracting relevant papers, choosing relevant studies, tabulating data, and reporting findings. Using the terms "Type 2 diabetes", "obstacles", "determinants", "factors", "barriers", "treatment", "medication", "therapy" "adherence", "non-adherence", "poor adherence", and "low health literacy" was gathered from six electronic databases (Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar) from January 2018 to January 2022. Twelve were able to be reviewed from the initial 140 articles. In this review, ten studies have been selected involving 1497 patients with type 2 diabetes. The range of nonadherence prevalence was from 42% to 74.3%. Economic difficulties, inadequate communication with the medical staff, an absence of family support, ignorance, misinterpretation, and low health literacy were major barriers to treatment adherence in the publications. The findings of this study identified both modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing medication adherence in type 2 diabetes patients. Modifiable factors must be addressed by suitable interventions carried out with the target population and healthcare experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Knowledge and Barriers to Insulin Therapy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients from their Perspective
Helen Williams Srinivasan Ranganathan -
Open Access Article
135 - The Study of the Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Triticum sativum, on the Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
Asma Movaghar Vida Hojati Abdolhossein Shiravi -
Open Access Article
136 - Role of Incretin Levels in Controlling Diabetic Patients
Rasool Muayad Shukur Al-Obaidi -
Open Access Article
137 - Some Biochemical Parameters and Level of Preptin in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Women Patients in Tikrit City
Firas Faris Rija Marwah Isam Sulaiman Musa Hind T. Hamad -
Open Access Article
138 - Variability of the Type II Diabetes Mellitus Incidence Rate of Population of Cities in the Republic of Azerbaijan
Irada J. Aliyeva -
Open Access Article
139 - The Oxidative Stress State in Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients with Different Medications Types
Israa Harjan Mohsen Mohammed Abed Jawad Abed J. Kadhim Mona N. Al-Terehi -
Open Access Article
140 - The Effects of Yoga Exercises on the Health of Iranian Men and Women: A Review Study
Vida Hojati -
Open Access Article
141 - Evaluation of quality of life and its related factors in diabetic patients in Tabriz medical centers
Reza Karimi johani Alireza Shariflou Zeinab Kuchaki Naseh Ghorbani Nejad Fatemeh Haseli Mubarakabad -
Open Access Article
142 - The Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Some Factors of Hemogram and Weight in Diabetic Mature Male Rats
سیدابراهیم حسینی داود مهربانی حمیدرضا قایدیPomegranate juiceis an important source of antioxidant compounds and is a rich source of poly phenols, which are able to deal with the harmful effects of oxidation processes in tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of pomegranate juice on some fact MorePomegranate juiceis an important source of antioxidant compounds and is a rich source of poly phenols, which are able to deal with the harmful effects of oxidation processes in tissues. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of pomegranate juice on some factors of hemogram and weight in diabetic mature male rats.48 mature male rats were studied in the groups of normal control, sham and experimental, diabetic control, sham and experimental. The experimental groupsweredivided into three categories hadreceivedagavageamountsjuicewith1,2 and4 mldaily for21 days.The sham group received distilled water and the control group was not treated. At the end of21 dayswere bledfromthe heartventricle of the animalsandusing routinelaboratory were measuredthe total number ofwhite and red Globule blood, platelets, hemoglobin andhematocrit, meancell hemoglobinconcentration, meancellhemoglobin, MCVandweightchange. The data were evaluated usingANOVA, LSD and t test. The results showed that pomegranate juice can increase weight, number of white globule and volume of globule red, and decrease of platelets in mature male rats. The findings concluded that pomegranate juice probably due to antioxidant compounds and reduce stress hormones can increase white globule and weight and decrease platelets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Effect of Resveratrol on Testicular Damage in Streptozotocine-induced Diabetic Rats
آزاده شریف خطیبی عبدالحسین شیروی حمید کلالیان مقدمDiabetes disease produces free radicals and oxidative stress serves plays an important role in creating many of behavioral variations metabolic damage played, leading to testicular damage This study have shown resveratrol due to having antioxidant and anti apoptosis pro MoreDiabetes disease produces free radicals and oxidative stress serves plays an important role in creating many of behavioral variations metabolic damage played, leading to testicular damage This study have shown resveratrol due to having antioxidant and anti apoptosis properties plays an important role to prevent and care of oxidative stresses therefore, this research investigates through beneficial effects of resveratrol on testicular damages in diabetic male rats induced by streptozotocin. In the current study 32 of male Wister rats, weight range of 250 g to 280 g were selected and divided into 4 groups: 1) Diabetic group, 2) Diabetic group + resveratrol treat, 3) Control group and 4) Control group + resveratrol treat. Diabetes was induced by stz injection (55 mg/kg). Resveratrol was injected at the dose 10 mg/kg for 4 week. In the fourth week, testicular damages were studied using hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the resveratrol treated group morphologic changes made by diabetic is dramatically decreased. On the other hand deteriorative cells are significantly increased the diameter are decreased the first study showed that talking resveratrol, testicular damage in diabetic rats significantly reduced. Ability of resveratrol to treat preventable and oxidative stress plays role in improving the testicular damage, resveratrol can decreased weight and glucose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - The Effects of Hydroalcohlic Walnut Extract of Juglans regia Male Flower on Blood Sugar Level and Liver Enzymes Activity in Intact and Diabetic Adult Male Rat
سید ابراهیم حسینی کاظم کریم زادهDiabetes is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia due to defects in secretion, insulin function or both are specified. Walnut nutritional purposes in addition to traditional medicine in Iran is also used to treat diabetes, so this study examines the effect of male flo MoreDiabetes is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia due to defects in secretion, insulin function or both are specified. Walnut nutritional purposes in addition to traditional medicine in Iran is also used to treat diabetes, so this study examines the effect of male flowers on some walnut diabetes on diabetic male rats by measuring the amount of blood sugar and liver enzymes. The study on 80 male rats with 200 to 225 grams weight, which accidentally in three groups were performed. The first group: Control, Second: Diabetic 32 and next Group: Non-diabetic 32 over each of the groups to four are divided into eight categories: (A) The control group received normal saline, (B) treated with experimental group received the extract 2g/kg,) C) Received the extract 4g/kg, (D) Extract the downloaded 6g/kg. Eight rats were used for determination of lethal doses of LD50. For diabetes as IP 60mg/kg of streptozotocin were used. Rat daily for 15 days as a single dose extracts were treated at the end of the fifteenth day from the ventricular blood sampling were performed.Results showed a significant reduction blood sugar and ASAT,ALP in diabetics than non-diabetic group receiving thehydroalcoholic extractof male flowers walnut. However this effect is not dependent dose. In this study hydroalcoholic extract useful effect of male flowers Walnut liver damage due to inhibition and reduced blood sugar and liver enzymes levels, non-dose dependent, was observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - The Effect of Q10 on Reducing of Induced Diabetic Kidney Tissue Injury and Improvement of the Serum Levels of Renal Functional Factors in Rat
سید سجاد حجازیThe present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Q10 on the damage of kidney tissue as well as serum factor levels due to diabetes induction in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental model of diabetes type A in rats was induced by intraperi MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Q10 on the damage of kidney tissue as well as serum factor levels due to diabetes induction in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental model of diabetes type A in rats was induced by intraperitoneally injection of 120 mg Alloxan monohydrate per kg/bw. Physiology serum was used as Alloxan solvent. Control group rats received buffer citrate 0.05 M (pH= 4.5), intraperitoneally. The Q10- treatment group received 75 mg/kg Q10 via gavage for one month. In Alloxan-Q10 treatment group, the rats at first were diabetic and then they received 75 mg/kg Q10 via gavage for one month. Severe tissue damage was observed in the obtained tissue samples from diabetic rats. The tissue damages were in the forms of acute tubular necrosis, interstitial tubular nephrosis, vacuolar alterations, and atherosclerosis. The obtained results from urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels in understudied rats demonstrated a significant difference between diabetic-treatment group and diabetic-Q10 group (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Assessment of Liver Histopathology in Female Rats with Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome and Its Therapeutic Methods with the Aim to Reduce Injury
Mahnaz Nouri Behrooz Yahyaei Sahar YazdiMetabolic syndrome is one of the most common metabolic disorders that put a person at many risks, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Moreover, the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, especially in younger people has led to an increase in its incidence i MoreMetabolic syndrome is one of the most common metabolic disorders that put a person at many risks, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Moreover, the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, especially in younger people has led to an increase in its incidence in pregnancy. Diabetes mellitus is one of the risk factors for labor, and the incidence of major malformation is twice as high as in women with diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological changes of the liver in mothers with diabetes and metabolic syndrome and to review the existing therapeutic methods. This study was conducted on 34 wistar rats. Animals were divided into nine groups. Female rats were prepared for sampling and microscopic studies after the pregnancy period was passed. In diabetic groups, the effects of diabetes were reduced only by taking metformin, and exercise had no effect on healing the liver tissue, while in the group of metabolic syndrome, exercise could reduce the effects of syndrome and this result was more effective than metformin and the combination of metformin and exercise also had significant rehabilitation effects on liver. In some variables, such as hyperemia and inflammation, these effects were observed less than those who only exercised. In metabolic syndrome group, who exercised, no hyperemia and inflammation was observed, while in metabolic syndrome group under metformin treatment and exercise, inflammation and congestion were observed. The results show the combination of metformin, and sports exercise can reduce changes caused by metabolic syndrome and probably diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Evaluation of the Effect of Alpha-pinene on Blood Glucose and Lipid Profiles, in Diabetic Rats
Maryam Rafieirad Abdolhassan Doulah Samira GoudarziDiabetes mellitus refers to a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of alpha-pinene on blood glucose and lipid levels in male diabetic rats. MoreDiabetes mellitus refers to a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of alpha-pinene on blood glucose and lipid levels in male diabetic rats. Forty male rats were divided into five groups of eight: control group, diabetic group, diabetic control group (receiving tween (80% alpha-solvent)) and experimental groups that in addition to becoming diabetic, the doses of 100 and 200 (mg/kg) of alpha-pinene were administered orally and daily for 14 days, respectively. Finally, blood samples were taken from all groups and their glucose and blood lipids were measured. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPSS21 software. The levels of glucose, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the groups receiving doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg of alpha-pinene showed a significant decrease compared to the diabetic group. High density lipoprotein (HDL) in the groups receiving different doses of alpha-pinene showed a significant increase compared to the diabetic group. These results indicate that alpha-pinene can be effective in the treatment of diabetes. The effect of this active ingredient is probably due to its antioxidant properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - The Effect of Combined Exercise and Broccoli Supplementation on FGF-21 and Insulin Resistance in Type-2 Diabetes Obese Men
Ebrahim Fallah Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani Abdolali Banaifar Yaser Kazemzadeh Saeed SedaghatiDiabetes is one of the leading causes of mortality in developing countries that can be improved by various factors such as physical activity and proper diet. The present study was aimed at examining the effect of broccoli powder supplementation with combined exercise tr MoreDiabetes is one of the leading causes of mortality in developing countries that can be improved by various factors such as physical activity and proper diet. The present study was aimed at examining the effect of broccoli powder supplementation with combined exercise training on FGF-21 and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes men. This experimental design was conducted with pre-test and post-test and four groups. To this end, 44 volunteer diabetic men after homogenization based on individual characteristics were randomly assigned to four groups of 11 individuals including exercise-supplement group, exercise-placebo group (exercise), control-supplement group (supplement), and control-placebo (controls). Combined exercise program included 12 weeks, three sessions per week. Moreover, broccoli supplement was 10 grams per day for 12 weeks. The blood sample was taken 48 hours before and 48 hours after the last training session and used for analysis. Analysis of intergroup indicators revealed a significant difference between the groups in FGF-21 (p = 0.017) and insulin resistance (p = 0.01). Significant changes in the measured indices were also observed in the intragroup changes (p < 0.05). The results of this study showed that 12 weeks of combined exercise with broccoli supplement significantly reduced FGF-21, blood glucose, and insulin resistance in all three groups of exercise- supplement, exercise, and supplement. Therefore, incorporating broccoli into the diet can partially prevent the risky effects of type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The Effect of Herniarin on Oxidative Stress in the Hippocampus in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Zahra ShaibaniDiabetes increases the risk of central nervous system disorders such as stroke, seizures, dementia, and cognitive impairment. The herniarin has a phenolic compound and it is a powerful antioxidant whose efficacy has been reported in neurodegenerative disorders in recent MoreDiabetes increases the risk of central nervous system disorders such as stroke, seizures, dementia, and cognitive impairment. The herniarin has a phenolic compound and it is a powerful antioxidant whose efficacy has been reported in neurodegenerative disorders in recent studies. Moreover, it has been shown that hyperglycemia induces spontaneous oxidation of glucose through enzymatic and non-enzymatic processes, leading to oxidative stress by stimulating the production of active oxygen and nitrogen components. In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic treated with 150 and 300 mg/kg hernia. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/kg. One week after streptozotocin injection, treatment with herniarin at 300 and 150 mg/kg was performed orally for two weeks. Blood glucose was measured after STZ injection by blood sampling from the caudal vein. Lipid peroxidation, thiol levels, and glutathione peroxidase activity were measured as indicators of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Finally, the data of the groups were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. After induction of diabetes, an increase in lipid peroxidation, a decrease in thiol, and a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in the hippocampus of diabetic rats compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Daily doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg Herniarin improved oxidative stress in the brains of diabetic rats. The present study showed that treatment with herniarin significantly reduced oxidative stress in the hippocampus of STZ diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Antidiabetic Potential of Saponin and β-carotene in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
Arezu Marefat Leila SadeghiDiabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and accompanied by some abnormalities in pancreatic and hepatic tissue. Previous studies approved some chemicals damaging the pancreatic tissue and disturbing insulin release such as alloxa MoreDiabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and accompanied by some abnormalities in pancreatic and hepatic tissue. Previous studies approved some chemicals damaging the pancreatic tissue and disturbing insulin release such as alloxan and streptozocin, besides creating diabetic signs like hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, its possible natural compounds used traditionally as antioxidant or anti-obesity have antidiabetic effects. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of oral administration of saponin and β-carotene on biochemical, immunological, and histological properties of pancreas related to alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Results confirmed hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia imposed by alloxan accompanied by oxidative stress and inflammation and controlled by phytochemical treatment. Overall phytochemicals improved inflammation imposed by oxidative stress in alloxan-treated rats and decreased degeneration in pancreatic tissue leading to improved Langerhans islet and causing regular and normal release of insulin. Insulin triggers glucose and lipids absorbance and relives lipoprotein profile disruption seen in diabetic rats. By considering similarity between alloxan-induced diabetes in rats and diabetic patients, saponin and β-carotene or related chemically modified compounds could be used in lowering diabetes risk and treatment of patients suffering from diabetes or other metabolic disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic Training Alone or Combined with Grape Seed Extract Supplementation on the Myocardial Expression of VEGF and VEGFR-2 in the Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Maryam Shirani Jamshid Banaii Boroujeni Saieed Keshavarz Mohammad KarimiThe angiogenesis process is disrupted in the heart tissue during diabetes. In contrast, exercise training is one of the effective factors on the angiogenesis process. The present study was conducted aiming at investigating the effect of eight weeks aerobic training alon MoreThe angiogenesis process is disrupted in the heart tissue during diabetes. In contrast, exercise training is one of the effective factors on the angiogenesis process. The present study was conducted aiming at investigating the effect of eight weeks aerobic training alone or combined with grape seed extract supplementation on the myocardial expression of VEGF and VEGFR-2 in the streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic rats. Thirty-two diabetic male Wistar rats with initial weight of 160-220 g were randomly assigned to four groups including control, supplement, training, and training + supplement groups, each consisting of eight rats. Type1 diabetes induced by STZ injection (55 mg/kg/bw). Aerobic training conducted for eight weeks and five sessions per week. Grape seed extract supplement was administrated by oral gavage at a dose of 40 mg/kg daily. Two day after the last training session or grape seed extract supplementation, all rats were anesthetized by means of ketamine–xylazine injection and their heart tissues were removed. VEGF and VEGFR-2 gene expression in the heart tissue were determined by Real-time PCR method and data were analyzed by SPSS software and one-way ANOVA test. The present study’s findings indicated that myocardial VEGF expression in training, supplement, and training + supplement groups were significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.05). In addition, VEGFR-2 expression in training and training + supplement groups indicated a significant increase compared to control and supplement groups (p<0.05). The current study’s finding indicated that aerobic training alone and in combination with grape seed extract supplementation played a key role in increasing the expression of myocardial angiogenic factors in type 1 diabetic rats. However, consumption of grape seed extract along with aerobic training cannot have a synergistic effect on VEGF and VEGFR-2 expression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - The Effect of Avicennia marina Flavonoids on Bax, Bcl-2 and Stress Oxidation Indicators of Epididymis Sperm in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Raheleh RahbarianDiabetes affects the reproductive system and causes fertility disorders. Regarding the anti-oxidant and hypoglycemic properties of A. marina, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of total flavonoid contents on Bax, Bcl-2 level, and stress-oxidative stress i MoreDiabetes affects the reproductive system and causes fertility disorders. Regarding the anti-oxidant and hypoglycemic properties of A. marina, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of total flavonoid contents on Bax, Bcl-2 level, and stress-oxidative stress indices of epididymis sperm in type 1 diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were divided into control, control diabetic, and two diabetic treated groups. The last two groups received 50 and 100 mg / kg Flavonoids in A. marina leaf for 30 days. At the end of the treatment period, sperms were extracted from the epididymis. Then Bax, Bcl-2, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and HOdG levels in sperm samples also FBS were measured by ELISA method. According to the results, the levels of Bcl-2, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase in sperm samples of diabetic rats treated with 50 and 100 mg / kg flavonoid concentrations of A. marina in Comparison with the control group, the diabetic was significantly increased, and the Bax, malondialdehyde and HOdG levels decreased significantly, Depending on the injectable dose (p <0.05). Flavonoid administration of A. marina leaves decreased apoptosis and stress-oxidative stress in spermatozoa of type I diabetic rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Effects of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the Expression of GPR120 and AMPK Proteins in the Heart Tissue of Diabetic Male Rats
Ebrahim Hoseini Houri pasand Saeid Dabbagh Nikoo Kheslat Javad VakiliThe reverse cholesterol transfer process has a positive role in reducing atherosclerotic plaques during diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on GPR120 and AMPK proteins in the car MoreThe reverse cholesterol transfer process has a positive role in reducing atherosclerotic plaques during diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on GPR120 and AMPK proteins in the cardiac tissue of mice with type 2 diabetes. In an experimental study, 40 three-month-old adult male Wistar rats with an average weight (250-300 g) were randomly divided into four groups of 10 series including: healthy control (C: intraperitoneal injection of saline), healthy training (T: running at 85-90 % of maximum speed in 6 to 12 bouts in two-minute periods; 5 days per week for eight weeks), diabetic control (D: diabetic on a high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin) and trained diabetics (D+T: diabetic with training) were divided. A method based on Western blotting was used to determine changes in the expression profile of GPR120 and AMPK proteins in the heart muscle tissue (left ventricle) of rats. The two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Induction of diabetes (D) significantly reduced GPR120 and AMPK proteins (p ≤ 0.05). While HIIT training apply in healthy group (T) increased 81% and 47% in GPR120 and AMPK compared to diabetic control group (D) respectively (p = 0.001). Also, training intervention has the ability to prevent a decrease in both of proteins in the trained diabetic group (D+T) compared to the diabetic group (D) (p = 0.023). Based on the findings of this study, it can be stated that eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a preventive strategy against reducing the activity of GPR120 and AMPK proteins involved in the reverse cholesterol transmission during type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - The Effect of 12 Weeks of Continuous and Interval Training on some Adipokines, Hepatokines and Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Mohammad salmasi Mohammad reza zolfaghari Akbar Nouri HabashiDiabetes is considered as one of the most developed diseases in the world and one of the main causes of death. One of the ways to prevent diabetes and its complications is to exercise in different ways. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 12 weeks of cont MoreDiabetes is considered as one of the most developed diseases in the world and one of the main causes of death. One of the ways to prevent diabetes and its complications is to exercise in different ways. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of 12 weeks of continuous and interval training on fetuin b, fetuin a and glypican 4 plasma and insulin resistance in type 1 diabetic rats.For this purpose, 40 type 1 diabetic mice were divided into 4 groups: healthy control, diabetes control, continuous diabetes, and diabetes interval. The interval group performed six repetitions per session by running on the treadmill in 3-minute intervals at a speed of 20 meters per minute and active recovery at a speed of 10 meters per minute with a 0% incline for 3 minutes on the treadmill (total duration of 36 minutes). The continuous training group also ran at a speed of 15 meters per minute for 36 minutes with a slope of 0%. Rats were killed 48 hours after the last training session and blood sampling was done. To compare between groups, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used. Examining changes between groups showed that there is a significant difference between groups for insulin resistance, fetuin b, fetuin a and glypican 4 plasma (P<0.001). Examination of between groups changes showed that insulin resistance, fetuin b, fetuin a, and glypican 4 plasma had a significant decrease in the healthy group compared to the diabetic group (P<0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the diabetes control group and the continues and interval groups in all indicators (P<0.001). The results of the present study showed that interval and continuous exercise can reduce plasma fetuin b, fetuin a and glypican 4 in type 1 diabetic rats. These improvements were better in the interval training group than in the continuous training group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Investigating the Interactive Effects of Berberine and Sitagliptin on Lipid Profile, Glucose and Insulin Levels in Diabetic Male Rats with Fatty Liver
Soraya Mehrdoost Parichehreh Yaghmaei Hanieh Jafary Azadeh Ebrahim-HabibiHepatic insulin resistance is associated with NAFLD and it is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance causes lipolysis in adipose tissue and disturbance in the regulation of lipid metabolism causes fat accumulatio MoreHepatic insulin resistance is associated with NAFLD and it is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance causes lipolysis in adipose tissue and disturbance in the regulation of lipid metabolism causes fat accumulation in the liver. In this study, the biological activities of Berberine and Sitagliptin to improve insulin resistance and lipid profile in Sprague-Dawley rats with type 2 diabetes was investigated. groups include 1: control (physiological serum as an alloxan solvent); 2: model (fatty liver + Alloxan); 3: Sitagliptin (fatty liver + Alloxan and Sitagliptin 10 mg/kg); 4: Berberine (fatty liver + Alloxan and Berberine 150mg/kg); 5: Berberine/Sitagliptin (fatty liver + Alloxan and Sitagliptin 5 mg/kg and Berberine 75 mg/kg). At the end of the treatment period, under anesthesia, Blood sampling done from the heart and lipid profile, glucose and insulin measured. The amount of triglyceride (p < 0.01), cholesterol (p < 0.05), LDL (p < 0.01), FFA (p < 0.05), fasting glucose (p < 0.05) and insulin (p < 0.01) in the coadministration group decreased compared to the model group and HDL increased, which was not significant. Berberine and Sitagliptin, especially when administered together, have a favorable effect on lipid metabolism and insulin resistance and can be considered as an effective treatment regimen for hyperlipidemia and fatty liver. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Inhibitory Effect of Sea Cucamber, Holothuria parva Extract on Activity of Alpha -Amylase
Najibe Ghenaat Pishe Mousa Keshavarz Hamed MirAlpha-amylase enzyme inhibitors prevent the conversion of polysaccharides into monosaccharides. Inhibiting this enzyme from the absorption of simple sugars in the digestive system and thus preventing the increase in blood glucose levels has been effective. The purpose o MoreAlpha-amylase enzyme inhibitors prevent the conversion of polysaccharides into monosaccharides. Inhibiting this enzyme from the absorption of simple sugars in the digestive system and thus preventing the increase in blood glucose levels has been effective. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ethyl acetate, methanol and water-methanol extracts of Holothuria parva on alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition. In this research, first extraction was done from the body wall, intestines and viscera of Holothuria parva based on increasing polarity, and in the next step, alpha-amylase enzyme activity was determined in the presence of different extracts under enzyme activity measurement conditions by DNSA colorimetric method, and IC50 were obtained and compared with the amount of acarbose as a positive control. In this study, the results showed that the percentage of inhibition increased with the increase in the concentration of the extracts and among all the extracts, the highest inhibitory percentage related to acarbose at a concentration of 0.8 mg/ml equals 96.92% and the lowest amount related to the water-methanol extract of the body wall at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml equals 61.79% and the inhibition percentage of acarbose in both body parts is higher than other extracts (IC50=88.18-91.74 mg/ml). Considering the inhibitory effect of extracts extracted from Holothuria parva species on alpha-amylase enzyme, in the future, it can be used in the field of producing antidiabetic drugs of marine origin with minimal adverse side effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Training with Stevia Supplementation on Plasma Fetuin b, Pentraxin 3 and GDF-15 and Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetic Rats
Esmail Piri Akbar Nouri Habashi Mohammad Reza ZolfaghariDiabetes is one of the main causes of death in developing countries. One of the ways to prevent diabetes and its complications is to do physical activity and use antioxidant supplements. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and stevia MoreDiabetes is one of the main causes of death in developing countries. One of the ways to prevent diabetes and its complications is to do physical activity and use antioxidant supplements. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training and stevia on fetuin b, pentraxin 3 and GDF-15 in plasma and insulin resistance in type 1 diabetic rats. For this purpose, 25 type 1 diabetic mice were divided into 5 groups: healthy control, diabetes control, supplemental diabetes, training diabetes, and training-supplement diabetes. The training program of the rats was for a period of 65 days, with a speed of 20 to 30 m/min and an intensity of 10-25 m/min. Stevia dosage was 250 mg per kilogram of body weight by gavage. Mice were killed 48 hours after the last training session and blood sampling was done. To compare between groups, one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used. Examining the changes between groups showed that there is a significant difference between the groups for fetoin b, pentraxin 3 and plasma GDF-15 (p < 0.001). Examining the changes between groups showed that fetoin B and GDF-15 had a significant increase and pentraxin had a significant decrease in the healthy group compared to the diabetic group (p < 0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the diabetes control group and the supplement and exercise groups in all indicators (p < 0.001. The results of the present study showed that aerobic exercise and stevia supplementation can decrease fetoin b and GDF-15 and increase pentraxin 3 in type 1 diabetic rats. These improvements were better in the group that took exercise and supplementation at the same time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - The Effect of Six Weeks of Intense Intermittent Exercise and Curcumin on Glucose Levels and BMP-2 Gene Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle of Diabetic Male Rats
Reza Sheikh Mohammad GalehdariThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of six weeks of intermittent exercise and curcumin consumption on BMP2 gene expression in the vascular smooth muscle of male Wistar rats. In an experimental trial, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of six weeks of intermittent exercise and curcumin consumption on BMP2 gene expression in the vascular smooth muscle of male Wistar rats. In an experimental trial, 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (5 rats in each group): control, diabetic, healthy intermittent exercise, intermittent exercise diabetes, curcumin diabetes and curcumin exercise diabetes. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin poison (50 mg/kg). Intermittent training consisted of 5-12 bouts of intense work (75 to 100% of maximum speed) of 60 seconds with active rest intervals of 75 seconds, six days a week for six weeks. Curcumin was fed to animals by gavage at a dose of 50 mg per kilogram of body weight. After six weeks, unconscious animals and blood samples were collected from their hearts. The data were analyzed using ANOVA statistical test and Benferroni post hoc test. Induction of diabetes increased BMP2 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle of male rats. Intermittent training decreased BMP2 gene expression in vascular smooth muscle of diabetic rats. Six weeks of curcumin consumption reduced the expression of BMP2 gene in vascular smooth muscle of diabetic rats. In general, the results of the present study showed that intermittent exercise and curcumin improve diabetes disorders caused by BMP2 gene expression and calcification and its complications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Effect of Eight Weeks Aerobic Training and Wheat Bran on Blood Glucose on Diabetic Women in Damghan
Z. Akbarian Tahereh Bagherpoor N. NematiType 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and since dietary fiber lowers the absorption of sugars, so it is effective in preventing and treating diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Also, in those who have a regular exercise program, reduced blood glucose lev MoreType 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes and since dietary fiber lowers the absorption of sugars, so it is effective in preventing and treating diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. Also, in those who have a regular exercise program, reduced blood glucose levels and increased insulin sensitivity, can be the beneficial effects of this activity. Therefore, it is considered necessary to study the factors involved in the prevention and treatment of this disease (diabetes) in the age group of 40-60 years with type diabetes 2 so that its results can be used to design programs that lead to treatment and The control of diabetes is in middle age, and in this way the cost of treatment in the country will be reduced. Therefore, the subjects were matched to age, sex, height, and weight and blood glucose in 3 groups of 10, and the subjects were all type diabetes 2 mellitus. Forty grams of wheat bran were fed to the daily diet of the subjects in group A and group B aerobic exercise (walking), three sessions per week, for 30 minutes with moderate intensity (60-80% of maximum heart rate) and for 8 weeks And group C: control group and the results showed that only FBS had a significant difference and HBA1C was significantly lower in the aerobic exercise with diet and bran intake group were more significant than other groups after consuming wheat bran supplementation, the blood glucose levels are lowered and controlled. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - The Therapeutic Effect of Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Type-1 Diabetes
Soosan Rostam Pur Yadolah Edalat panah Fariba Enayati parvar Reza HaghighiDiabetes mellitus can occur due to insulin deficiency or environmental tissues resistance to insulin with the reduction of insulin secretion. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of amniotic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment MoreDiabetes mellitus can occur due to insulin deficiency or environmental tissues resistance to insulin with the reduction of insulin secretion. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of amniotic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. This study was of experimental type and the animals were divided into four groups including the control or healthy, the diabetic control group, the group receiving cells with the medium, and the group receiving only supernatant soup. Glucose and blood insulin levels and animal weight were studied by ANOVA and t-test during the study. With the first stage of stem cell transplantation, a significant reduction was found in the animal blood glucose of both groups receiving cell and medium (p = 0.004) and the group receiving supernatant soup (p = 0.014) than the control group. Such results were not observed after the second stage. The insulin levels had no statistically significant difference. The present study indicated that the repeated transplantation of Amniotic Mesenchymal stem cells can decrease the blood glucose but increase the blood insulin level and the injection of supernatant soup alone be solely effective as much as the cell transplantation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - The Effect of Cornus mas Extract on the Wound Healing of the Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
S. Alhooei-Nazari A. Shiravi Vida HojatiDiabetes is one of the reasons for delayed wound healing; as the fruit of blueberries, Cornus mas, possesses high content of antioxidants, therefore, this study aims to investigate the extract of this fruit on wound healing in a male rat of Wistar strain affected by dia MoreDiabetes is one of the reasons for delayed wound healing; as the fruit of blueberries, Cornus mas, possesses high content of antioxidants, therefore, this study aims to investigate the extract of this fruit on wound healing in a male rat of Wistar strain affected by diabetes.In this study, 48 male rats of Wistar strain were divided into 4 groups of 12. After affecting these groups to diabetes (except control group), there was created a wound at the back of the rat in all 4 groups; the length of the wounds in the groups were investigated up to 21 days; (1) control group: with no blueberries extract and ocerin treated on their wounds, called as healthy group; (2) Shem Group: they include a group of diabetics rats who were treated by ocerin (twice per day); (3) Experimental Group 1: they included a group of diabetics rats who received no ocerin and extract; (4) Experimental Group 2: they include the diabetics group who treated by the ointment of blueberries extract (twice a day).Results of comparing the mean of wounds length in the investigated groups indicate that the experimental group 2 had significant reduction up to p ≤ 0.01 than Shem and experimental1 groups. By reducing the blood glucose and modifying some biochemical factors, blueberries makes treatment effect on diabetes. According to the results of this study, blueberries ointment may accelerate skin wound healing in the healthy and diabetic samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - The Effect of Panax ginseng Extract on Histomorphometric Changes on Cerebrum and Cerebellum in 14 Days Offspring Rat from Diabetic Mothers
A. Karami Z. KhaksarGestational diabetes is a variable amount of glucose intolerance initially diagnosed or diagnosed during pregnancy and can induce developmental disorders in different parts of CNS. We investigated effect of extract of Panax ginseng on histomorphometric changes oncerebru MoreGestational diabetes is a variable amount of glucose intolerance initially diagnosed or diagnosed during pregnancy and can induce developmental disorders in different parts of CNS. We investigated effect of extract of Panax ginseng on histomorphometric changes oncerebrum and cerebellum in 14 d offspring'srat from diabetic mothers. Sixteen rats were divided into four groups: non-diabetic control, non-diabetic recipient of the extract, diabetic control and diabetic recipient of the extract. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in diabetic groups and all 4 groups became pregnant. During pregnancy, recipient of the extract groups received ginseng extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg of body weight every day. Overall, 14 d of normal delivery; offsprings were anesthetized. The cerebrum and cerebellum were removed by cutting the skull. After using the techniques of histology, some histological factors were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and ANOVA and Duncan statistical tests (P≤0.05). A significant reduction was observed in gray matter thickness and cell count of cerebrum and white matter cell count of cerebellum in diabetic control group than non-diabetic groups (P≤0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction was observed in white matter cell count of cerebrum in diabetic control group than other groups (P≤0.01). Extract of P. ginseng could control hyperglycemia and manage diabetes on the cerebrum and cerebellum disorders in offsprings of mothers with gestational diabetes by increasing β-cells stimulation and increase insulin production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - The Effect of Panax ginseng Extract on Histomorphometric Changes on Cerebrum and Cerebellum in 14-Days Old Offspring Rats from Diabetic Mothers
A. Karami Z. KhaksarGestational diabetes is a variable amount of glucose intolerance initially diagnosed or diagnosed during pregnancy and can induce developmental disorders in different parts of CNS. We investigated the effect of extract of Panax ginseng on histomorphometric changes oncer MoreGestational diabetes is a variable amount of glucose intolerance initially diagnosed or diagnosed during pregnancy and can induce developmental disorders in different parts of CNS. We investigated the effect of extract of Panax ginseng on histomorphometric changes oncerebrum and cerebellum in 14 d offspring'srat from diabetic mothers. Sixteen rats were divided into four groups: non-diabetic control, non-diabetic recipient of the extract, diabetic control and diabetic recipient of the extract. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in diabetic groups and all 4 groups became pregnant. During the pregnancy, recipient of the extract groups received Ginseng extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg of body weight every day. Overall, 14 d of normal delivery; offspring's were anesthetized. The cerebrum and cerebellum were removed by cutting the skull. After using the techniques of histology, some histological factors were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and ANOVA and Duncan statistical tests. A significant reduction was observed in gray matter thickness and cell count of cerebrum and white matter cell count of cerebellum in diabetic control group than non-diabetic groups (P≤0.05). In addition, a significant reduction was observed in white matter cell count of cerebrum in diabetic control group than other groups (P≤0.05). Extract of P. ginseng could control hyperglycemia and manage diabetes on the cerebrum and cerebellum disorders in offspring's of mothers with gestational diabetes by increasing β-cells stimulation and increase insulin production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - The Study of VEGF405CG Gene Polymorphisms Involved in Type II Diabetes Patients in the Population of Mazandaran Province
Z. Noroozi A.A. Dehpour JoybariType 2 diabetes is the most common diabetes and includes about 90% of all diabetic cases in the world. The most common gene polymorphism (VEGF405CG) is in the untranslated region of 5UTR, 405CG polymorphism probably has an effect on the level of expression after the gen MoreType 2 diabetes is the most common diabetes and includes about 90% of all diabetic cases in the world. The most common gene polymorphism (VEGF405CG) is in the untranslated region of 5UTR, 405CG polymorphism probably has an effect on the level of expression after the gene translation and increases the gene products. VEGF is a vascular endothelium factor that plays an important role in DR pathogenicity as an angiogenic and capillary permeability factor. Therefore, VEGF405CG may be a good candidate for potential of catching diabetes type 2. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between this gene and diseases such as type 2 diabetes in the population of Mazandaran province. The tested specimens consisted of 50 patient and 50 healthy people referring to the Atieh and Shahid Babaei laboratories. About 1 ml of blood containing EDTA (CBC) from 50 patient and 50 healthy individual was taken as a control after obtaining informed consent. In order to determine the amount and quality of DNA, which is a very important step in the RFLP method, spectrophotometric and electrophoresis method were used for quantitative and qualitative evaluation, respectively. To estimate the concentration of DNA, 4 μl of the base DNA solution was mixed with 1 μl of the sampler buffer and in a well, 1.5% agarose gel was evacuated in TAE buffer. A PCR product was evaluated on an2 % agarose gel. 5 μl of product of each reaction with 1 ml of color transferred to gel wells and electrophoresis was performed at a voltage of 100 V for 1.5 hours. The gel was stained in ethidium bromide solution (0.5 mg/ml) for 20 minutes and after transferred to distilled water was photographed with gel dock. This study does not show any association between VEGF405CG polymorphism among type II diabetic patients and further study is needed in different populations to better understanding the role of VEGF405CG. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Effects of Alcoholic Extract of Artemisia inflorescence on Wound Healing of Diabetic Wistar Rats
F. Harasani Gh. Vaezi Vida HojatiSkin ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers are an important issue in medicine. Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases of the endocrine system. Artemisia pharmacological, particularly effects on diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the healing effects MoreSkin ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers are an important issue in medicine. Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases of the endocrine system. Artemisia pharmacological, particularly effects on diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare the healing effects of alcoholic extract of Artemisia in the process of healing and skin wounds in normal and diabetic rats is quickly closing. Overall, 20 adult male Wistar rats were used. The rats were divided into four groups of five controls (without diabetes and treatment), sham (diabetes treatment Eucerin), Experimental 1 (diabetes without treatment), Experimental 2 (diabetes treated with alcoholic extract of Artemisia) were divided. Three groups of rats were made diabetic using STZ. Over 2 cm wound on the skin of spinous were created in all groups. The experimental group and the experimental group 2 with wormwood extract 1 Eucerin day with a dose of 100 mg Barba topical treatment over a period of 21 d, respectively. Wound healing was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic. Wound healing in experimental groups 1 and 2 was treated with than the alcoholic extract of Artemisia control group showed the highest rate. Wormwood extract leads to topical wound healing in diabetic rats and material contained in Artemisia cause, faster wound contraction, and the healing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - The effects of aerobic exercise on physical fitness indices and the amount of insulin consumption in boys with type 1 diabetes
samira zaheriBackground: The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism resulting from defects in secretion and action of insulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on phy MoreBackground: The term diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism resulting from defects in secretion and action of insulin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on physical fitness indices and the amount of insulin taken in boys with type 1 diabetesMethods: For this purpose, 64 adolescents boy with diabetes type I were selected and were divided into 2 groups: Aerobic training group (AE) (n = 32) and control group (CO) (n = 32).Aerobic training group did aerobic exercises for 6 weeks (3 days a week), while the control group did not do any exercise. Training program consisted of: a) warm-up (10 minutes); b) the original class (30 minutes); c) cooling (5 minutes). At first both groups performed fitness physical tests that include of flexibility (sit and reach test), muscular endurance test (sit-up test), aerobic capacity test (run 6 minutes’ walk), agility test (T-test) and anaerobic capacity (Running-based Anaerobic SprintTest), also were recorded the amount of insulin consumption as a pre-test and then after six weeks both groups performed the same tests as a post-test.Result: The results showed that 6 weeks of aerobic training has a significant effect in increasing agility, flexibility, muscular endurance, aerobic power and anaerobic power in boys with type I diabetes (p<0.05). In addition, aerobic exercise group significantly reduced the amount of insulin than the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: The result of this study showed that the application of aerobic exercise is effective for improvement of physical fitness indices. This may reduce the amount of insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes and they are more likely to participate in sports activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Prevalence of Diabetes type 2 and relationship of it with anthropometric measures in urban population of Mashhad during 2011 -2013
Zahra Mostafavi Zahra MostafavianIntroduction: Obesity is the most important known risk factor of diabetes type 2; the goal of this study was determine Prevalence of Diabetes type 2 and relationship of it with anthropometric measures in urban population of Mashhad between 2011 to 2013. Materia MoreIntroduction: Obesity is the most important known risk factor of diabetes type 2; the goal of this study was determine Prevalence of Diabetes type 2 and relationship of it with anthropometric measures in urban population of Mashhad between 2011 to 2013. Materials and methods: In a cross sectional study that was done upon urban population of Mashhad more than 30 years via cluster sampling, diabetes type 2 and anthropometric measures in them were assessed. Data were analyzed in SPSS V.18 by using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney, chi-square and logistic regression test in significance level was lower than the 5% . Results: The mean age of samples was 43/74±10/23, including 996 (38.2%) men and 1608 (61.8%) women. Prevalence of diabetes type 2 was 19.7% .The Odds Ratio ( OR )of diabetes was 2/41 folds in cases aged under 45 years of old compared to the ones aged 45 and older(p<0/001). OR was also 1/26 folds in men compared to women (p=0/025). The mean age, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio in diabetic and non-diabetic groups was statistically different (P<0/001). Conclusion: According to high prevalence of diabetes type 2 in our study and significant relationship with waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, it is recommended to screen for type2 diabetes in individuals with increased anthropometric indexes, faster than routine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Frequency and pattern of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in type 2-diabetes mellitus patients
Sahar Ghare Kamila Hashem zadeh Anahita MasumBackground: Diabetes mellitus include of common metabolic disorder, which have at least prevalence of 7.7% in 25-64 years old adults. There are multi factors in the etiology of diabetes such as genetic, environmental, social, psychiatrically and personality factors. In MoreBackground: Diabetes mellitus include of common metabolic disorder, which have at least prevalence of 7.7% in 25-64 years old adults. There are multi factors in the etiology of diabetes such as genetic, environmental, social, psychiatrically and personality factors. In otherwise, complication of diabetes found some ofmusculoskeletal disorders in person. Due to, the purpose of the present study was Frequency and pattern of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in type 2-diabetes mellitus patients. Method and material: We studied 80 diabetic patients. Refer to clinic of diabetes in 22 bahman hospital and PARSIAN Diabetes Clinic in Mashhad with theupper limb musculoskeletal checklist, using statistical software and chi-square and fisher test. Result: finding show that there was statistically relationship between sex and Carp tunnel syndrome in diabetic patients. Also there was statistically relationship between HbA1C under 7 and upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in diabetic patients (p<0.05) Conclusion: in better self-controlling of diabetes may reduction of morbidity upper limb musculoskeletal disorders in type 2-diabetes mellitus patients and aware patients from upper limb musculoskeletal disorders could decrease these disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - بررسی فراوانی اختلالات عملکرد تیروئید در بیماران دیابت تیپ 2 مراجعه کننده به کلینیک داخلی بیمارستان 22 بهمن مشهد، بین سالهای 1392 تا 1393
Sahar Ghare Golnaz Latifian Vahid PooresmaeelBackground: Thyroid diseases are common in public population. New methods of evaluation have made it efficient and cheap to detect these diseases in special groups. According to previous studies the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is higher in diabetic patients compa MoreBackground: Thyroid diseases are common in public population. New methods of evaluation have made it efficient and cheap to detect these diseases in special groups. According to previous studies the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is higher in diabetic patients compare to normal population. Moreover, poor control of metabolism is associated with increased rate of thyroid dysfunction. In this study we decided to evaluate the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in which patients visited the internal medicine clinic at 22 Bahman hospital in Mashhad from 2013 till 2014 were evaluated. 524 type 2 diabetic adult patients (over 18 years old) were included (184 males and 340 females). Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, acute and severe disease during the last 3 months, using any of the following medicines: glucocorticoids, amiodarone, interferon, iodide and lithium. TSH, FT4, Age, gender and existence of goiter were compared among all the patients. Results: From all 524 type 2 diabetic patients with the mean age of 56 years, 28.2% suffered from thyroid dysfunction. 20.2% had clinical hypothyroidism, 3.8% had subclinical hypothyroidism, 1.9% had clinical hyperthyroidism, 1.3% had subclinical hyperthyroidism and 1% had goiter. There was a statistically meaningful association between age and clinical hyperthyroidism (p=0.012), that shows the frequency was higher in younger than 50 years and also between subclinical hypothyroidism and existence of goiter (p= 0.013). Conclusion: The Frequency of thyroid dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients is clearly higher than overall prevalence reported in the country (10.5%). According to this significant differences and also effects of thyroid function in glucose and lipid metabolism, so it seems logical to evaluate thyroid function in diabetic patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - The effectiveness of emotionally-focused group therapy on improving emotional expressiveness and sexual functioning of women with type 2 diabetes
Somayyeh Ahmadi Bajestani MohammadJavad Asghari EbrahimAbad Seyedali Kimiyayi MohammadJavad Asghari EbrahiAbadDiabetes is a common chronic disease. Not accepting the disease, be sensitive to fluctuations in blood glucose, to need insulin injections, restrictions on dietary and physical activity levels, to need accurate and continuous care of their self, and also the risk of ser MoreDiabetes is a common chronic disease. Not accepting the disease, be sensitive to fluctuations in blood glucose, to need insulin injections, restrictions on dietary and physical activity levels, to need accurate and continuous care of their self, and also the risk of serious complications, can lead to psychological problems in diabetics. Research shows that sexual dysfunction is very common in women with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion focused group therapy on improving emotional expressiveness and sexual functioning of women with type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, during the semi-experimental design with pretest, post-test and control group, 24 women with type 2 diabetes were selected from one of health centers in Mashhad through judgmental sampling and randomly placed in two experimental and control groups. The subjects were evaluated for emotional expressiveness and sexual functioning before and after the intervention. Eight sessions of Emotion-focused therapy were used for the experimental group. The results of analysis of Covariance show that Emotion-focused therapy was effective in increasing the emotional expressiveness and sexual functioning of women with type 2 diabetes. Emotion-focused therapy can improve emotional expressiveness and sexual functioning of women with type 2 diabetes through validation of emotion and its reframing Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Presentation a model for Promotion of self-care behaviors diabetic patient according to life style, diabetes knowledge and disease perception with mediating role of psychological capital
mohammadreza zarbakhsh Fatemeh Motevali shahnam abolghasemiSelf-care in diabetes is one of the most important factors in controlling the disease. Capability and acceptance status is the personality factors that affect the condition of patients and increase their power to deal with problems among disease. The aim of this s MoreSelf-care in diabetes is one of the most important factors in controlling the disease. Capability and acceptance status is the personality factors that affect the condition of patients and increase their power to deal with problems among disease. The aim of this study was design a model for promotion of self-care behaviors diabetic patient according to life style, diabetes knowledge and disease perception with mediating role of psychological capital. For this purpose, during a research a correlational description of 216 patients with type 2 diabetes in Mazandaran diabetes association by available sampling method selection and self-care behavior lifestyle, disease perception, diabetic knowledge and psychological capital were evaluated. Data analyzed using structural equations indicated that the variables of life style, diabetes knowledgem illness perception and psychological capital had a direct and significant relationship with self-care behavior and psychological capital had mediating role in this relation. Result showed the proposed model for diabetic patients has goodness of fit. Manuscript profile
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