Study effect of methanolic extract of Peganum Harmala and Harmine on Kidney tissue damage of diabetes mellitus in male Wistar rats
Subject Areas :
zoology
Forough
Kajbaf
1
(Phd. Student, Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran,Iran)
Shahrbanoo
Oryan
2
(Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.)
Ramesh
Ahmadi
3
(Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University,
Qom Branch, Qom, Iran)
Akram
Eidi
4
(Professor, Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.)
Received: 2019-06-11
Accepted : 2020-07-20
Published : 2020-03-20
Keywords:
Methanolic extract of Peganum harmala,
kidney,
Harmine,
Type 2 diabetes,
Abstract :
Introduction: The dangerous side effects of diabetes are diabetic nephropathy, which has a relatively high prevalence in diabetic patients and causes renal failure. Investigating the process of destruction and the mechanisms that prevent it, in order to reduce the tissue damage, especially with the treatment of plants, can be a significant issue. Material and methods: In this research, Espand with scientific name of Peganum harmala, a plant of the Zygophyllaceae family and its effective substance called harmine in diabetes-induced renal injury, were studied on 80 male Wistar rats in experimental and diabetic groups. Rats were treated with methanolic extract of seeds and leaves of Peganum Harmala and Harmine. After tissue passage and fixation, Microscopic slides were prepared and studied. In tissue studies, four factors of epithelial changes, tubular destruction, leukocyte inflammation and capillary obstruction were detected in the kidneys. Results: The diabetic rat group received harmine and the diabetic rats receiving the extract of the seed were less damaged, while in the diabetic rats recieveing the leaf extract these lesions was higher and it was interesting to note that there was no difference in the experimental groups with the positive control group. Conclusion: According to the tissue results in our study, seed extract and harmine have the ability to prevent tissue damage caused by diabetes, which can be attributed to the harmine alkaloid in the seed.
References:
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Butler JM, Guthrie SM, Koc M, Afzal A, Caballero S, Brooks HL, et al. SDF-1 is both necessary and sufficient to promote proliferative retinopathy. J Clin Invest. 2005; 115(1): 86-93.
Asadikaram G, Asiabanha M, Sayadi A, Jafarzadeh A, Hassanshahi G. Impact of opium on the serum levels of TGF-beta in diabetic, addicted and addicted-diabetic rats. Iranian journal of immunology. 2010; 7(3): 186-92.
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Baek S-S, Kim S-H. Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of Alzheimer disease through suppressing microglial activation-induced apoptosis in rats. J Exerc Rehabi. 2016; 12(6): 34-526. Ozbek E. Induction of oxidative stress in kidney. International journal of nephrology. DOI: 10.1155/2012/465897, Corpus ID: 6159429.
Rivero A, Mora C, Muros M, Garcia J, Herrera H, Navarro-Gonzalez JF. Pathogenic perspectives for the role of inflammation in diabetic nephropathy. Clinical science. 2009; 116(6): 479-92.
Wada J, Makino H. Inflammation and the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Clinical science. 2013; 124(3): 139-52.
Elmarakby AA, Sullivan JC. Relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic nephropathy. Cardiovascular therapeutics. 2012; 30(1): 49-59.
Murrow JR, Sher S, Ali S, Uphoff I, Patel R, Porkert M, et al. The differential effect of statins on oxidative stress and endothelial function: atorvastatin versus pravastatin. Journal of clinical lipidology. 2012; 6(1): 42-9.
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Zhang L, Yang J, Chen XQ, Zan K, Wen XD, Chen H, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of extracts from Potentilla discolor Bunge on diabetic rats induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010; 132(2): 518-24.
Loub WD, Farnsworth NR, Soejarto DD, Quinn ML. NAPRALERT: computer handling of natural product research data. Journal of chemical information and computer sciences. 1985; 25(2): 99-103.
Mahmoudian M, Rahbar N, Hoormand M, Ebrahimi SA, Madadkar Sobhani A. CYTOTOXICITY OF PEGANUM HARMALA L. SEEDS EXTRACT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CONTENTS OF ß-CARBOLINE ALKALOIDS. RJMS. 2002; 8(26): 432-7.
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Tse SY, Mak IT, Dickens BF. Antioxidative properties of harmane and beta-carboline alkaloids. Biochemical pharmacology. 1991; 42(3): 459-64.
Herraiz T, Chaparro C. Human monoamine oxidase is inhibited by tobacco smoke:
beta-carboline alkaloids act as potent and reversible inhibitors. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005; 86(2): 326- 378.
Squires PE, Hills CE, Rogers GJ, Garland P, Farley SR, Morgan NG. The putative imidazoline receptor agonist, harmane, promotes intracellular calcium mobilisation in pancreatic beta-cells. European journal of pharmacology. 2004; 501(1-3): 31-9.
Lee CS, Han ES, Jang YY, Han JH, Ha HW, Kim DE. Protective effect of harmalol and harmaline on MPTP neurotoxicity in the mouse and dopamine-induced damage of brain mitochondria and PC12 cells. Journal of neurochemistry. 2000; 75(2): 521-31.
Ahvazi M, Khalighi-Sigaroodi F, Charkhchiyan MM, Mojab F, Mozaffarian V-A, Zakeri H. Introduction of medicinal plants species with the most traditional usage in alamut region. Iran J Pharm Res. 2012; 11(1): 185-94.
Maher P, Davis JB. The role of monoamine metabolism in oxidative glutamate toxicity. The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 1996; 16(20): 6394-401.
Moura DJ, Richter MF, Boeira JM, Pegas Henriques JA, Saffi J. Antioxidant properties of beta-carboline alkaloids are related to their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic activities. Mutagenesis. 2007; 22(4): 293-302.
Fortunato JJ, Reus GZ, Kirsch TR, Stringari RB, Stertz L, Kapczinski F, et al. Acute harmine administration induces antidepressive-like effects and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry. 2009; 33(8): 1425-30.
Komeili G, Hashemi M, Bameri-Niafar M. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects ofPeganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats. Cholest .Volume 2016, Article ID: 7389864, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7389864.
Berdai MA, Labib S, Harandou M. Peganum harmala L. Intoxication in a Pregnant Woman. Case Reports in Emergency Medicine. Volume 2014, Article ID: 783236,
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/783236
Réus GZ, Stringari RB, de Souza B, Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Hallak JE, et al. Harmine and imipramine promote antioxidant activities in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2010; 3(5): 325-31.
Kashihara N, Haruna Y, Kondeti VK, Kanwar YS. Oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy. Current medicinal chemistry. 2010; 17(34): 4256-69.
Rezaei M, Nasri S, Roughani M, Niknami Z, Ziai SA. Peganum Harmala L. Extract Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Symptoms in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Iran J Pharm Res. 2016; 15(1): 275-81.
Wang Y, Fu X, Wang X, Jia X, Gu X, Zhang J, et al. Protective effects of anisodamine on renal function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2011; 224(2): 91-7.
Long M, Qiu D, Li F, Johnson F, Luft B. Flavonoid of Drynaria fortunei protects against acute renal failure. Phytotherapy research. 2005; 19(5): 422-7.
Mahmood S, Hadi A, Jawad Z, Mohamed S, Jawad Naki Z, Mahmood Jawad S, et al. Effect of repeated administration of Peganum harmala alcoholic extract on the liver and kidney in Albino mice: A histo-pathological study. Journal of Scientific & Innovative Research. 2013; 2 (3): 585-597.
Zhang J, Zhang Z. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activity of the Novel Harmine Derivative ZC-14 in Sf9 Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19(3): 811-24. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030811.
Cao MR, Li Q, Liu ZL, Liu HH, Wang W, Liao XL, et al. Harmine induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial signaling pathway. Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international. 2011; 10(6): 599-604.
Salahshoor MR, Mahmoudian ZG, Roshankhah S, Farokhi M, Jalili C. Harmine shows therapeutic activity on Nicotine-induced liver failure in mice. Histology and histopathology. 2019: 10(97): 1-7.
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Gomez-Perez FJ, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Almeda-Valdes P, Cuevas-Ramos D, Lerman Garber I, Rull JA. HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in a developing country. A position article. Archives of medical research. 2010; 41(4): 302-8.
Butler JM, Guthrie SM, Koc M, Afzal A, Caballero S, Brooks HL, et al. SDF-1 is both necessary and sufficient to promote proliferative retinopathy. J Clin Invest. 2005; 115(1): 86-93.
Asadikaram G, Asiabanha M, Sayadi A, Jafarzadeh A, Hassanshahi G. Impact of opium on the serum levels of TGF-beta in diabetic, addicted and addicted-diabetic rats. Iranian journal of immunology. 2010; 7(3): 186-92.
Prasad P, Tiwari AK, Kumar KMP, Ammini AC, Gupta A, Gupta R, et al. Chronic renal insufficiency among Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes: I. Role of RAAS gene polymorphisms. BMC Medical Genetics. 2006; 7: (42)1-9.
Baek S-S, Kim S-H. Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of Alzheimer disease through suppressing microglial activation-induced apoptosis in rats. J Exerc Rehabi. 2016; 12(6): 34-526. Ozbek E. Induction of oxidative stress in kidney. International journal of nephrology. DOI: 10.1155/2012/465897, Corpus ID: 6159429.
Rivero A, Mora C, Muros M, Garcia J, Herrera H, Navarro-Gonzalez JF. Pathogenic perspectives for the role of inflammation in diabetic nephropathy. Clinical science. 2009; 116(6): 479-92.
Wada J, Makino H. Inflammation and the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Clinical science. 2013; 124(3): 139-52.
Elmarakby AA, Sullivan JC. Relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic nephropathy. Cardiovascular therapeutics. 2012; 30(1): 49-59.
Murrow JR, Sher S, Ali S, Uphoff I, Patel R, Porkert M, et al. The differential effect of statins on oxidative stress and endothelial function: atorvastatin versus pravastatin. Journal of clinical lipidology. 2012; 6(1): 42-9.
Maritim AC, Sanders RA, Watkins J. Diabetes, oxidative stress, and antioxidants: A review. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology. 2003; 17: 24-38.
Zhang L, Yang J, Chen XQ, Zan K, Wen XD, Chen H, et al. Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of extracts from Potentilla discolor Bunge on diabetic rats induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin. J Ethnopharmacol. 2010; 132(2): 518-24.
Loub WD, Farnsworth NR, Soejarto DD, Quinn ML. NAPRALERT: computer handling of natural product research data. Journal of chemical information and computer sciences. 1985; 25(2): 99-103.
Mahmoudian M, Rahbar N, Hoormand M, Ebrahimi SA, Madadkar Sobhani A. CYTOTOXICITY OF PEGANUM HARMALA L. SEEDS EXTRACT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH CONTENTS OF ß-CARBOLINE ALKALOIDS. RJMS. 2002; 8(26): 432-7.
Mina CN, Farzaei MH, Gholamreza A. Medicinal properties of Peganum harmala L. in traditional Iranian medicine and modern phytotherapy: a review. Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan. 2015; 35(1): 104-9.
Bremner P, Rivera D, Calzado MA, Obon C, Inocencio C, Beckwith C, et al. Assessing medicinal plants from South-Eastern Spain for potential anti-inflammatory effects targeting nuclear factor-Kappa B and other pro-inflammatory mediators. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009; 124(2): 295-305.
Tse SY, Mak IT, Dickens BF. Antioxidative properties of harmane and beta-carboline alkaloids. Biochemical pharmacology. 1991; 42(3): 459-64.
Herraiz T, Chaparro C. Human monoamine oxidase is inhibited by tobacco smoke:
beta-carboline alkaloids act as potent and reversible inhibitors. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2005; 86(2): 326- 378.
Squires PE, Hills CE, Rogers GJ, Garland P, Farley SR, Morgan NG. The putative imidazoline receptor agonist, harmane, promotes intracellular calcium mobilisation in pancreatic beta-cells. European journal of pharmacology. 2004; 501(1-3): 31-9.
Lee CS, Han ES, Jang YY, Han JH, Ha HW, Kim DE. Protective effect of harmalol and harmaline on MPTP neurotoxicity in the mouse and dopamine-induced damage of brain mitochondria and PC12 cells. Journal of neurochemistry. 2000; 75(2): 521-31.
Ahvazi M, Khalighi-Sigaroodi F, Charkhchiyan MM, Mojab F, Mozaffarian V-A, Zakeri H. Introduction of medicinal plants species with the most traditional usage in alamut region. Iran J Pharm Res. 2012; 11(1): 185-94.
Maher P, Davis JB. The role of monoamine metabolism in oxidative glutamate toxicity. The Journal of neuroscience: the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience. 1996; 16(20): 6394-401.
Moura DJ, Richter MF, Boeira JM, Pegas Henriques JA, Saffi J. Antioxidant properties of beta-carboline alkaloids are related to their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic activities. Mutagenesis. 2007; 22(4): 293-302.
Fortunato JJ, Reus GZ, Kirsch TR, Stringari RB, Stertz L, Kapczinski F, et al. Acute harmine administration induces antidepressive-like effects and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry. 2009; 33(8): 1425-30.
Komeili G, Hashemi M, Bameri-Niafar M. Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Effects ofPeganum harmala Seeds in Diabetic Rats. Cholest .Volume 2016, Article ID: 7389864, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7389864.
Berdai MA, Labib S, Harandou M. Peganum harmala L. Intoxication in a Pregnant Woman. Case Reports in Emergency Medicine. Volume 2014, Article ID: 783236,
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/783236
Réus GZ, Stringari RB, de Souza B, Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Hallak JE, et al. Harmine and imipramine promote antioxidant activities in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2010; 3(5): 325-31.
Kashihara N, Haruna Y, Kondeti VK, Kanwar YS. Oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy. Current medicinal chemistry. 2010; 17(34): 4256-69.
Rezaei M, Nasri S, Roughani M, Niknami Z, Ziai SA. Peganum Harmala L. Extract Reduces Oxidative Stress and Improves Symptoms in 6-Hydroxydopamine-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Rats. Iran J Pharm Res. 2016; 15(1): 275-81.
Wang Y, Fu X, Wang X, Jia X, Gu X, Zhang J, et al. Protective effects of anisodamine on renal function in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The Tohoku journal of experimental medicine. 2011; 224(2): 91-7.
Long M, Qiu D, Li F, Johnson F, Luft B. Flavonoid of Drynaria fortunei protects against acute renal failure. Phytotherapy research. 2005; 19(5): 422-7.
Mahmood S, Hadi A, Jawad Z, Mohamed S, Jawad Naki Z, Mahmood Jawad S, et al. Effect of repeated administration of Peganum harmala alcoholic extract on the liver and kidney in Albino mice: A histo-pathological study. Journal of Scientific & Innovative Research. 2013; 2 (3): 585-597.
Zhang J, Zhang Z. Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Activity of the Novel Harmine Derivative ZC-14 in Sf9 Cells. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 19(3): 811-24. doi: 10.3390/ijms19030811.
Cao MR, Li Q, Liu ZL, Liu HH, Wang W, Liao XL, et al. Harmine induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells via mitochondrial signaling pathway. Hepatobiliary & pancreatic diseases international. 2011; 10(6): 599-604.
Salahshoor MR, Mahmoudian ZG, Roshankhah S, Farokhi M, Jalili C. Harmine shows therapeutic activity on Nicotine-induced liver failure in mice. Histology and histopathology. 2019: 10(97): 1-7.
