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Open Access Article
1 - Measuring and evaluating the dimensions of urban vitality in District 10 of Mashhad metropolis
majid akbari zahra montazeri مرضیه طالشی انبوهیStatement of the problem: Vitality is one of the most important constructive qualities of urban spaces for improving the quality of urban spaces and creating a place, and the decline of life and vitality in urban areas can be seen as one of the results of following the MoreStatement of the problem: Vitality is one of the most important constructive qualities of urban spaces for improving the quality of urban spaces and creating a place, and the decline of life and vitality in urban areas can be seen as one of the results of following the modernist point of view, which is always in favor of quantity. It has been biased and has ignored qualitative issues. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the level of vitality in the three areas of District 10 of Mashhad. The current research is applied in terms of targeting and its method is descriptive-analytical, and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population of the research was the residents of the 10th district of Mashhad and the random sampling method was simple. To analyze the information obtained from sample t-tech tests, one-way variance test and Friedman test were used in Spss software. The vitality of city spaces also includes concepts such as justice, efficiency, adaptability, flexibility, environmental quality, which will eventually lead to livability if the vitality of the city is sustainable. The results of the research showed that physical dimensions with an average of 3.3527, social with an average of 3.3350, infrastructure with an average of 3.3112, and economic with an average of 3.1111 are respectively the highest and lowest in the 10th region of Mashhad metropolis. They are worth it. The averages of economic, social, infrastructure and physical dimensions in the three municipal districts of Region 10 are not equal and have a significant difference, so that in terms of physical, economic and social dimensions, first District 1 then District 2 has a higher average difference than District 3. have. But in terms of infrastructure, District 2 is far better than other districts. So that the physical dimension of area 2 is about 0.13 more than area 1 and about 0.7 more than area 3. In general, the vitality of zone 10 is medium to high. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Government to Citizens Success Factors: A Case of E-Government in Iran
M. Haghighi Nasab B. Abedin Sh. JanfeshanAbstractImproving the quality of governmental services is a critical element of the national 20-Year VisionPlan for Development, which promotes the role of the government in Information and CommunicationTechnology (ICT). The objective of the present paper is to assess t MoreAbstractImproving the quality of governmental services is a critical element of the national 20-Year VisionPlan for Development, which promotes the role of the government in Information and CommunicationTechnology (ICT). The objective of the present paper is to assess the level of success of thegovernment in providing e-government services for citizens in Tehran. The data were randomlycollected through a questionnaire from 768 citizens that received services from Police +10. The resultsshow that people were satisfied with the services provided. Recommendations are made for enhancingand promoting the level of acceptance and satisfaction with electronic services for futuree-government development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Conformal graviton two-point function in de Sitter space
Mosen Dehghani -
Open Access Article
4 - Fast and thermal neutron radiographies based on a compact neutron generator
Jacob G Fantidis Bandekas V Dimitrios Potolias Constantinos Vordos Nick -
Open Access Article
5 - Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles via submerged arc discharge based on a seed-mediated approach
Ali Akbar Ashkarran -
Open Access Article
6 - Credit Risk Test Stress Model of the Banking Industry under Macroeconomic Scenarios
mohsen Ziaee Bidhendy Mehrzad Minooee Mirfaz Fallah shamsThe main reason for conducting the present study is to design and explain the credit crunch risk test model of the banking industry under macroeconomic scenarios. In addition to the use of documents and reports related to the banking industry, the panel data related to MoreThe main reason for conducting the present study is to design and explain the credit crunch risk test model of the banking industry under macroeconomic scenarios. In addition to the use of documents and reports related to the banking industry, the panel data related to the annual reports and datasets of the banking industry were used. In the present study, in order to perform econometric analyzes, E-Views software was used and Matlab artificial intelligence environment was used to design an intelligent system. Then, based on the GARCH method, the regression statistics related to the GARCH model for the fluctuations between the research objective function and GDP growth rate, interest rate, unemployment rate, inflation rate and per capita income growth rate are calculated equal to 0.927, which indicates very high predictive power. The econometric model of research is. One of the most important results of the present study is that according to the calculations performed, the bank's credit portfolio to reduce the probability of default is exactly 91 percent (the fifth level of system output is excellent). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The study of effective economic factors on trade openness in IRAN under stable and nonstable conditions
Mohammadreza Mohammadvand Nahidi Parisa SagezchiIn this paper we attempt to identify the most important economic factors influencing the trade liberalization of Iran. The period of our study is from 1352 to 1386. The findings of our study indicate that based on ARDL and GARCH models there is a positive and mean MoreIn this paper we attempt to identify the most important economic factors influencing the trade liberalization of Iran. The period of our study is from 1352 to 1386. The findings of our study indicate that based on ARDL and GARCH models there is a positive and meaningful relation between the size of GDP and the degree of economic openness in Iran. However, Consumer Price index and Foreign Exchange rate have negate impact on economic liberalization Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Causes of the Mortality of Inpatients in the hospitals covered by Semnan Province Universities of Medical Sciences Based on ICD10
mohamad ali Jahani fateme zahra Eskandari shahebano Mahmoudjanloo ghahreman MahmoudiIntroduction: Identifying the trends and causes of mortality can be a base for health-care policy-making and planning in society. This study aimed at identifying the causes of the mortality of hospitalized patients based on International Classification of Diseases. Meth MoreIntroduction: Identifying the trends and causes of mortality can be a base for health-care policy-making and planning in society. This study aimed at identifying the causes of the mortality of hospitalized patients based on International Classification of Diseases. Methods: This retrospective study was a descriptive-analytical one. Research population included all inpatients died in hospitals under supervision of Semnan University of Medical Sciences during a 5-year period (2011-2016). Sampling was done as the senses and data were collected by a checklist extracted from death registration system of the Treatment Deputy of the university. Data were analyzed in SPSS by applying statistical approaches in the significant level of p≤ 0.05. Results: 8,270 hospital mortalities were registered during the period. 6,370 (76.3%) of dead patients were burghers and 4,450 (53.8%) were male. The most frequent causes of the mortality were cardiovascular diseases (3,201, 38.7%), cancers (1,287, 15.5%), and respiratory diseases (865, 10.5%). There were significant differences among the mortality rates according to patients' gender, residences, and age ranges (p< .001). Conclusion: Chronic and non-communicable diseases were the main causes of the mortality. Health policy-makers can decrease in these diseases by applying screening programs, empowering people and endorsing regulations on safety life style and so on. Keywords: Hospitals, International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), Mortality, Patients, Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Financing Microenterprises: Creating a Potential Value-Based Hybrid Model for Islamic Microfinance
Fuzia Jan Sofi -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluating the Service Quality of Police + 10 Offices Using SERVQUAL
Sh. Nayebzadeh M. M. Fatahi ZarchThe purpose of this paper is to assess the quality of services delivered in “Police+10 offices” through the application of the SERVQUAL approach, which is an instrument for measuring service quality and identifying and analyzing the existing g MoreThe purpose of this paper is to assess the quality of services delivered in “Police+10 offices” through the application of the SERVQUAL approach, which is an instrument for measuring service quality and identifying and analyzing the existing gaps between the expectations and perceptions of those who receive these services. In this paper, we examine the extent of existing gaps between the expectations and the services perceived by the customers of “Police +10 offices” in each of the five service quality dimensions, and then ranking these service quality dimensions on the basis of their relative importance from the customers’ viewpoints. The present research method is applied in its goals and objectives, and is descriptive with regard to the type and nature of the issue, goals, and research questions. We used a surveying method to gather information. All customers of the “Police +10” offices in Tehran form the statistical population of this investigation. Of this population, a statistical sample of 283 people was selected; they were given a standard questionnaire, which is referable in international studies, and the data collected by statistical methods were used for testing the research assumptions. The results of this investigation showed that there are gaps in the customers’ expectations of services and services delivered to them by the “police +10 offices” in all five service quality dimensions. As to the relative importance of each of these dimensions, assurance was the most important dimension, followed in order by reliability, responsibility, and empathy. Tangibles were the least important dimension. Moreover, the largest gap between expectations and perceptions was in tangible dimension, and the smallest gap between these areas was associated to the reliability dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Jurisprudential and legal foundations of important quasi-judicial authorities in municipalities
Ebrahim Ariazanganeh Fakhredin Aboeiyeh Ahmadreza Behniafar Ali Pourghasab AmiriThe purpose of the current research is to investigate important quasi-judicial authorities in municipalities. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and the normal laws and approvals of the Council of Ministers and the law describing the duties of municipali MoreThe purpose of the current research is to investigate important quasi-judicial authorities in municipalities. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and the normal laws and approvals of the Council of Ministers and the law describing the duties of municipalities and rural districts have been used. In this research, only the Article 1000 Commission, the Article 77 Commission, the Article 99 Commission, the Tasbra Commission under Article 55 Clause 20, and the Garden Identification Commission were investigated. The results showed that in the Commission, Article 100 of the proceedings indicates compliance with the legal formalities of the procedure, but the lack of transparency in its notes causes many legal problems. The problem with the Article 77 commission is that it is one-stage, and unlike the Article 100 commission, it does not have an appeal commission. The Commission, Clause 20, Article 55 of the Municipal Law is one of the examples in which the laws related to urban planning in the field of urban services are planned and controlled in a completely specialized manner. The above-mentioned commission is the authority to deal with citizens' objections to the municipality's decision regarding the closure, destruction and relocation of disruptive industries and businesses outside the city. Its common feature with the Article 77 commission is that the commission does not have an appeal and is one-stage, and the Article 99 commission is in the suburban area and outside the city, and the place of formation is in the governorates, but the place of formation of the Article 77 commission is in the municipalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Comparison of the efficiency of artificial neural network and regression in predicting the skidding time of steel-tracked skidder and agriculture tractor
Najibeh Gilanipoor Akbar Najafi Hamid AryaHaving accurate information about the efficiency of skidding machines in order to reduce transportation costs inforest engineering studies using modern statistical models is very valuable. In this study, the prediction of the skiddingtime in steel tracked skidder and ag MoreHaving accurate information about the efficiency of skidding machines in order to reduce transportation costs inforest engineering studies using modern statistical models is very valuable. In this study, the prediction of the skiddingtime in steel tracked skidder and agriculture tractor was performed using an artificial neural network and multiple linearregression model and then the efficiency of the models was compared. The variables of skidding distance, slope, andvolume in each skidding cycle as independent variables (input variable) and time of each skidding cycle as thedependent variables (response variable) were entered into the model. The results showed the prediction in skidding timeof steel tracked skidder, the explanation coefficient of the MLP neural network and regression model were 0.78 and0.55, respectively and the error rate of models was 0.19 and 0.42, respectively. Also, in the agricultural tractor system,the explanation coefficient of MLP neural network and regression model were 0.70 and 0.62, respectively, and the errorrate of models was 0.18 and 0.28, respectively. Therefore, in both skidding systems, MLP neural network is moreefficient in predicting skidding time than the multiple linear regression model. Sensitivity analysis of the artificialneural network and regression showed that the skidding distance variable in the steel tracked skidder chain wheel andthe skidding path slope variable in the agricultural tractor are the most important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of dietary phytogenic combination (Biomin P.E.P 1000) on growth performance, nutrition and survival rate of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fry
Shayan Ghobadi Hamed Manuchehri Seyede Mohadese Talebzade HoseiniThe aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Phytogenic combination (Biomin PEP 1000) on nutrition and growth performance and survival rate of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fry which has done for 56 days. The exper MoreThe aim of present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary Phytogenic combination (Biomin PEP 1000) on nutrition and growth performance and survival rate of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fry which has done for 56 days. The experiment was completely randomized design consisting four levels 0 (Control group), 1, 2, and 3 g of Biomin PEP 1000 kg-1 diet in four treatments with three replications. Twenty five specimens of grass carps fry with initial mean weight 0.51 ±0.02 g were distributed in 12 small tanks with 100 liters volumes filled with 80 liters water and fed up to satisfy. Growth parameters such as final weight, body weight increase, specific growth rate, daily food intake, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were measured. The results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test. According to the results, phytogenic combination (Biomin PEP 1000) addition had no significant effect in Feeding, growth performance and survival rate in any experimental levels (P>0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Sensing of Methanol and Ethanol with Nano-Structured SnO2 (110) in Gas Phase: Monte Carlo Simulation
N. Mangkorntong L. Mahdavian F. Mollaamin M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
15 - Experimental and theoretical studies on green and efficient deoximation using H202 catalyzed by Montmorillonite-K10 supported MnC12
M. Mahmoodi Hashemi A. Ezabadi Gh.R. Najafi F. Mollaamin M. Khaleghian R. Zhiani -
Open Access Article
16 - Investingation and Chemisorption study of Oxygen Atoms and Cr (100) surface by DFT calculation
A. Kazemi Babaheydari K. Zare F. Mollaamin -
Open Access Article
17 - CO Adsorption on the V (100) Surface: A Density Functional Study
F. Mollaamin M.T. Baei A. Kazemi Babaheydari -
Open Access Article
18 - Photocatalytic Degradation of Triton X-100 by Zinc oxide Nanoparticles
Masoud Giahi Faegheh Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
19 - photocatalytic degradation of Triton X-100 in aqueous phase with Zinc oxide as a nanoparticle under UV light irradiation
M. Giahi F. Ghanbari -
Open Access Article
20 - Evaluation and analysis of resilience dimensions of District 10 of Tehran
زلفی زلفی ورزقانی parvaneh zivyar ali asThe present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and applied in terms of purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the resilience of district 10 of Tehran in various economic, social, managerial, physical and environmental dimensions. T MoreThe present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and applied in terms of purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the resilience of district 10 of Tehran in various economic, social, managerial, physical and environmental dimensions. The results show that in terms of the impact of elements on the resilience of this region in infrastructure-physical resilience, the component of "network management, infrastructure and arterial equipment", in the social resilience dimension, component of "public participation with relevant institutions in crisis management", in the economic resilience dimension, component of "growth dynamics and economic diversity", in the institutional-management Resilience dimension, component of "public sector performance in urban resilience", in environmental resilience dimension, component of "pollution failure of urban facilities and equipment" have the first positions and it is one of the most important and effective indicators. The results also show that Karun neighborhood is known with high resilience and Soleimani neighborhood is known with low resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - میزان بیان GFAP و S100 به دنبال درمان با عصاره جو دوسر در آسیب تجربی ایجاد شده عصب سیاتیک در موش صحرایی
Z. Darzian Rostami, , A. Asghari , A. Jahandideh , P. Mortazavi , A. Akbarzadehبراساس مطالعات قبلی جو دوسر گیاه دارویی با خاصیت انتی اکسیدانی و ضد التهابی می باشد. اما مطالعه ای از این گیاه در ترمیم اسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک انجام نشده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان بیان GFAP و S100 به دنبال درمان با عصاره ی جو دوسر بر روی اسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک در Moreبراساس مطالعات قبلی جو دوسر گیاه دارویی با خاصیت انتی اکسیدانی و ضد التهابی می باشد. اما مطالعه ای از این گیاه در ترمیم اسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک انجام نشده است. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان بیان GFAP و S100 به دنبال درمان با عصاره ی جو دوسر بر روی اسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک در موش صحرایی طراحی و اجرا گردید.این تحقیق روی 50 سر موش صحرایی نر بالغ که به پنج گروه تقسیم شدند که در هر گروه 10 سر موش صحرایی قرار داشت. گروه 1: شم ، گروه 2: کنترل( آسیب عصبی بدون درمان)، گروه 5 -3 به ترتیب گروهایی با اسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک که تحت درمان با عصاره ی جو دوسر به صورت خوراکی (با دوز 100 ‚ 200‚ 400میلی گرم /کیلوگرم) قرار گرفتند. سپس در دو بازه زمانی 2 و 4 هفته رت ها برای ارزیابی ایمنو هیستوشیمی و بررسی ترمیم عصب مرگ با ترحم (اتونازی) اسان کشی شدند. نتایج ایمنو هیستوشیمی و بیان S100 و GFAP پس از 2 هفته‚ در گروه 4 و 5 با دوز درمانی(200 و 400 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) با گروه کنترل اختلاف معنی داری را نشان داد(p<0/05). همچنین در مدت 4 هفته میزان بیان GFAP و S100 در گروه 5 (با دوز 400میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم) تحت درمان با عصاره جو دو سر قرار داشت اختلاف معنی داری را با گروه کنترل نشان داد(p<0/05). نتایج نشان داد عصاره ی جو دوسر تاثیر مثبتی با (p<0/05) بر روی ترمیم آسیب تجربی عصب سیاتیک دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Nano-Eugenol arthritis rheumatoid in the animal model
N. Jabbari, Z. Eftekhari, N. Hayati Roodbarii K. ParivarDue to the enhancement of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in industrial countries, the present animal modeling study in Rat was carried out to compare the effect of Eugenol and Nano-Eugenol on molecular expression and histopathological conditions. The neonatal Wistar rats wer MoreDue to the enhancement of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in industrial countries, the present animal modeling study in Rat was carried out to compare the effect of Eugenol and Nano-Eugenol on molecular expression and histopathological conditions. The neonatal Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n =10 per group). Normal Saline, 100 microliters per day, was used in the sham group (G1). Animals in model groups as G2 received CFA and Bovine collagen type II (CII). Rats of group III (G3) received Eugenol and Chitosan Nanoparticle, and group IV (G4) received Eugenol (100 microliters per day). After treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and Matrix Metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), paw score, and Rheumatoid Factor (RF) were assessed supported by a cartilage histopathology analysis. Arthritic rats showed severe joint hyperplasia, stiffness, increased paw volume, and clinical symptoms. A substantial decrease in the rate of TNF-α, RF, and MMP-9 protein has been detected in G3 and G4. However, the level of the IL-10 gene expression increased in the G2. In G3, there was a substantial improvement in arthritis symptoms, biochemical markers, and joint histological abnormalities as compared to G4. In rats, Eugenol and Nano-Eugenol reduced and improved the inflammatory symptoms and cartilage destruction caused by rheumatoid arthritis, indicating that Eugenol can be used as an effective herbal substance to remedy the traditional treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. These results suggest that Eugenol may have therapeutic potential for autoimmune diseases Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Comparing the effect of dielectric barrier discharge plasma and jet plasma for healing of tendon tissue
مریم Amini مهدی momeni علیرضا JahandidehTendon injury is a common problem and is increased in last decade. The healing of this tissue is weak because the weak blood circulation. Using of new technology such as cold plasma is necessary. The cold plasma is divided according to working gas and set up. The MoreTendon injury is a common problem and is increased in last decade. The healing of this tissue is weak because the weak blood circulation. Using of new technology such as cold plasma is necessary. The cold plasma is divided according to working gas and set up. The plasma jet and DBD are the two main plasma set up that play and important role in healing. Some factors such as voltage and electrode type is important in efficacy of the plasma systems. For achieving the optimum condition for healing, the voltage of plasma jet and DBD is adjusted to 5, 10 and 15 Kv and cu, steel and aluminum electrode were used. Then the density and temperature, voltage, current and OES of the plasmas were measured and the best condition were selected for tendon treatment. The results show that the treatment process is the same in the both plasmas but the amount of healing is different. Comparing the results show that DBD plasma at 15 kV and using CU electrode is the best treatment for tendon healing. OES analysis shows that the new peak of O and N is observed in this treatment which is not seen in the others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The effect of PM2/5 exposure on neonatal rat cerebral tissue
مریم Momayez sefat, سعید Motesaddi Zarandi, P. Mortazavi, اکرم EidiThe present study, evaluated the effect of PM2/5exposure on the cerebral tissue of neonatal rats. 24 female Wistar albino rats after mating and pregnancy, classified into three groups including "control", "Exposure1", and "Exposure2". The Control group used air wi MoreThe present study, evaluated the effect of PM2/5exposure on the cerebral tissue of neonatal rats. 24 female Wistar albino rats after mating and pregnancy, classified into three groups including "control", "Exposure1", and "Exposure2". The Control group used air with a clean standard condition, and the other two groups were exposed to gaseous pollutants and gaseous pollutants plus PM2/5 respectively for 40 days. The cerebral tissues were removed. Gene expression analysis was conducted for S100 gene using quantitative Real-Time PCR and also methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) assay was performed for the control, Exposure1, and Exposure2 groups. The amount of malondialdehyde (MDA) involved in the oxidative stress (OS) process was assessed for all groups. The results showed the significant expression of S100 gene in Exposure1 and Exposure2 groups compared with the control group. MS-HRM assays detected only hypermethylation of Exposure 1 in comparison with control group. Based on the analysis of the involved enzymes in OS, malondialdehyde increased in the Exposure1 and Exposure2 groups. These findings may help provide insight to identifying therapeutic targets for reducing human cerebral disorders caused by exposure to PM2/5 or other air pollutants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Effect of 6 Weeks Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Aerobic Endurance, Peak power, Minimum Power, Average Power and Fatigue Index in Football Players
ایمان Mohseni عباسعلی GaeiniIntroduction: Appropriate nutrition is an essential prerequisite for effective improvement of athletic performance, conditioning and recovery from fatigue after exercise, and avoidance of injury. Nutritional supplements containing carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and MoreIntroduction: Appropriate nutrition is an essential prerequisite for effective improvement of athletic performance, conditioning and recovery from fatigue after exercise, and avoidance of injury. Nutritional supplements containing carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals have been widely used in various sporting fields to provide a boost to the recommended daily allowance. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring, lipid-soluble compound that has been marketed for use by endurance athletes as an ergogenic aid. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of coQ10 dietary supplementation on athletics’ physiological factors such as: aerobic power, peak power, min power, average power and fatigue index. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, we studied 20men football players (age30±2.22, weight 72.85±8.64kg, height175.75±6.04cm, BMI23.50±1.90). Double-blind, placebo controlled method was employed. Players were divided randomly into two groups, oral CoQ10 group (DG) and placebo group (PG). Players in both groups performed RAST and Cooper test both before and after giving 100mg per day CoQ10 or placebo for 6 weeks to determine physiological factors such as aerobic power, peak power, min power, average power and fatigue index. We used paired t test and independent t test to analyze the data. Independent t test were performed and p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: DG group demonstrated improvements in aerobic endurance over the course of the study and there was significant difference (P=0.016) between the two groups. Supplementation with CoQ10 has no measurable effect on peak power (P=0.933), min power (P=0.258), average power (P=0.625) and fatigue index (P=0.569). Conclusion: Oral CoQ10 has measurable effect on aerobic endurance. The result of this study showed that at the end of the six week there was no difference between the two groups concerning peak power, min power, average power, and fatigue index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigation of Temporal – spatial variations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city Using GIS (2013-2020)
Maryam Ansari Mahmoud Ahmadi Gholamreza GoudarziBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric sta MoreBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric station data of Tehran Air Quality Control Company were used for evaluating the variations of air pollutants in temporal-spatial scales during 2013-2020. The results of statistical analysis of pollutant distribution in temporal-spatial scales were provided by using Arc GIS software and analytical function of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) as maps, tables and graphs was demonstrated. Findings: Based on the results, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) reached the minimum (65 and 23 µg/m3) and maximum concentration (81 and 30 µg/m3) at 18 and 24 p.m., respectively. In addition, maximum (81 and 30 µg/m3) and minimum concentration (73 and 23 µg/m3) of these pollutants was respectively related to Wednesday and Friday. Maximum seasonal concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) relates to summer (90 µg/m3) and winter (35 µg/m3) respectively and the minimum seasonal concentration (65 and 24 µg/m3) of both pollutants relate to spring. The results of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) indicated that west, south and central regions of Tehran in summer season involved with particulate matter (PM10) more than other regions. But in all seasons, except the western and southern regions, the central regions have a high concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5). Discussion and Conclusion: The particulate matter concentrations is more than its allowable limit in specific regions of Tehran in some yearly days and months. Therefore, city programmers and decision_ makers must have schedule table for particulate matter control management and air pollution reduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Modeling and Spatio -Temporal Analysis of the Distribution of Particulate Matter in Tehran City Based on Spatial Analysis in GIS Enviroment
samira zakeri KIA Hossein Aghamohammadi saeid behzadi zahra aziziIntroduction and objective:Recently, pollutant particles, in particular suspended particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns, have been the most common pollutant in Tehran. One of the most important processes to solve the problem of suspended particles is to obt MoreIntroduction and objective:Recently, pollutant particles, in particular suspended particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 microns, have been the most common pollutant in Tehran. One of the most important processes to solve the problem of suspended particles is to obtain appropriate information on the distribution of these pollutants at different time periods. The goal of this study is to propose a spatial approach for modeling and analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of suspended particles based on GIS analyzes.Materials and Methods:At first step, PM 2.5 and PM 10 pollutants was collected from Tehran Air Quality Control Company. Then, the accuracy of different interpolation methods was evaluated. Finally, the IDW method was selected as the best interpolation method for plotting the concentration of these pollutants in TehranResult: Daily, Monthly average and annual average concentrations map were prepared according to the daily data of these pollutants in the years 93 and 94. As a result, spatial and temporal analysis of distribution of PM 2.5 and PM 10 contaminants in Tehran was madeDiscussion and conculation: According to the performed study, it can be said that the highest concentration of PM10 pollutants is found in the southwest of the city and the highest concentration of PM 2.5 pollutants is found in Shahr-e-Ray and central part of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and cadmium on biological uptake by bacteria Halomonas elongata IBRC-M10433
zahra kahrarian mojtaba taranBackground and Objective: Industrial waste is considered as the most important environmental pollutants that contain significant amounts of heavy metals are high salt density.Biotechnology removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater Babkargyry proved the ability MoreBackground and Objective: Industrial waste is considered as the most important environmental pollutants that contain significant amounts of heavy metals are high salt density.Biotechnology removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater Babkargyry proved the ability of microorganisms developing in this field as an appropriate and efficient.In this study, the ability of strains of bacteria isolated from sediments of Lake Urmia Halomonas longate IBRC-M10433 for the removal of cadmium was investigated. The aim of this study was to optimize the removal of cadmium by bacterial environment was Halomonas longate IBRC- M10433. Method: Design of Experiments Taguchi method to determine the optimum conditions relative to environmental factors such as Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) as a source of nitrogen, and phosphate potassium (K2HPO4) as a source of phosphorus and cadmium concentrations in biological removal of cadmium was studied by the bacterium Halomonas longata IBRC- M10433. Findings: The optimum conditions for absorption of potassium phosphate at a concentration of 3.0 g/L, cadmium 100 mg/L, Ammonium chloride 2 g/L, at 37 °C and pH 7, respectively. Level 1 means that 3.0 g of potassium phosphate absorption biological factors. Discussion and Conclusion: Due to high costs and environmental problems conventional methods to remove heavy metals, biological removal technique is effective and affordable. Use halophilic bacteria in biological treatment with high power absorption of heavy metals are useful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Investigation on the Concentration of Suspended Particulate Matters in Tehran Underground Subway Stations and Compare it with Ambient Concentrations
Ameneh Bolourchi Farideh Atabi Faramarz Moattar Mehdi Ali EhyaeiBackground and Objectives: Metro lines are responsible for 20% of the total passenger traffic in Tehran. Particulate matter is one of the most important major pollutants in subway stations and increasing their concentration leads to numerous health consequences for pass MoreBackground and Objectives: Metro lines are responsible for 20% of the total passenger traffic in Tehran. Particulate matter is one of the most important major pollutants in subway stations and increasing their concentration leads to numerous health consequences for passengers and subway employees. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in four underground metro stations (Azadi, Enghelab, Tohid and Vali Asr) and compare them with the concentration of these particles in the open air. Research Method:Seasonal sampling (April 2016 - April 2017) of particulate matters was conducted in the middle months of all four seasons for one week in the middle months of each season at peak traffic times from 8 am to 12 am, at three locations (entrance, middle, and exit in each station) and also at outside ambient of each station. The results were then compared with the relevant standards. Results and Discussions: The main sources of suspended particulate matter in the underground subway stations were due to passenger traffic, train piston pressure, floor cleaning, maintenance operations, wheel-rail wear and braking and the performance of ventilation system in the subway station. The results of the monitoring measurements in this study showed that the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the four underground subway stations were 68 µg/m3 and 47 µg/m3 and in the outdoor ambient around these stations were 42 and 29 µg/m3, respectively. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that in the four underground subway stations, the annual average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 1.5 - 1.7 times higher than those in the outdoor ambient, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Risk assessment of suspended particles using EFMEA technique and TOPSIS method in District 9 of Tehran Municipality
reza jalilzadeh mahdiyeh sadat rahmaniBackground and Objectives: The importance of inhaling the clean air becomes more visible today. In the open air, a number of pollutants are considered as standard pollutants, one of which is particulate matter. The aim of this study was to study the environmental aspect MoreBackground and Objectives: The importance of inhaling the clean air becomes more visible today. In the open air, a number of pollutants are considered as standard pollutants, one of which is particulate matter. The aim of this study was to study the environmental aspects of suspended particles in Tehran Municipality 9th district.Method: In this research, firstly, by referring to the municipality of district 9 and receiving the region information, the activities of the indicator of the producer of suspended particles were identified. Potential damage caused by these activities was identified and given the probability of occurrence, the power of diagnosis and severity of impact on the environment are classified. Findings: 7 activities were identified and for each activity 17 environmental consequences were identified from the EFMEA method. Of the 17 identified risks, 4 risks include lung disease, cardiovascular disease, digestive diseases and skin diseases that have the highest severity and ranked first to fourth and accounted for 2 risk accidents and driving disorder Traffic signs have the least impact intensity and ranked 16th and 17th ranked TOPSIS. Based on the EFMEA technique, pulmonary diseases with 524 and heart disease with 423 numbers have the highest risk numbers and misdiagnosis of driving tips with 50 and driving accidents with a 52-point risk factor. Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the risk assessment in this study, it was revealed that 2 risks of pulmonary disease and heart disease have the greatest impact on the general health of the people in the region and by reducing the environmental risks of the area by taking some control measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Impact of Urban Parks on PM10 Suspended Particles, Through Using GIS Software
majid Abbasspour Amir Hossein Javid Saeide SaeidiAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park wit MoreAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park with 35 hectares of land is located in district 6 of Tehran municipality limit .The park was developed 45 years ago and has performed as important asset in the district where served Tehran citizens by variety of uses such as recreational, sports, and amusement. For this purpose , long term studies were conducted and frequent visits made to project site ,where eventually 14 monitoring stations equipped with standard instruments were installed to take field samples of PM10 suspended particles ,twice daily (morning and evening ),for a period of one year. On the basis of these measurements, the average seasonal and annual PM10 suspended particles were compared with figures obtained from the surrounding city pollution monitoring stations. Also in this area, meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, speed and direction of wind were measured. Through using GIS software as a potential system, dispersion pattern of particles in the environment was analyzed. Continuing the process, software (matlab) was able to show the spectrum of dispersion pattern from park central square to maximum radius of 3000 meters. Finally, the positive correlation between presence of space and reduction of suspended particles in the environment is shown based on PM10 dispersion pattern graphs drawn through use of GIS software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Analyzing and comparing combustion factors and diesel engine performance indicators with alternative biodiesel fuel
Hossein Ghadamian Ghadamian Farideh Atabi shahin GhaheriAbstract Vegetable Oils can be combined with alcohol (typically Methanol) to produce chemical combinations so-called Ester. They are also called biodiesel if used as fuel. This fuel is biologically decomposable. In addition, as this kind of fuel is used as component, m MoreAbstract Vegetable Oils can be combined with alcohol (typically Methanol) to produce chemical combinations so-called Ester. They are also called biodiesel if used as fuel. This fuel is biologically decomposable. In addition, as this kind of fuel is used as component, minor changes in engine is required. Computations on effective combustion factors show that Net Heating Value is 18577 Btu/1b for a combination of 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel (B20), and it is 19159 Btu/1b for diesel fuel. The amounts of Adiabatic Flame Temperature of fuel are also calculated as 3899 ˚F for B20 and 3879 ˚F for diesel fuel. As a result of analyzing effective diesel engine performance indicators for a model of diesel engine, the amount of heat efficiency of biodiesel and diesel fuel, are the same as 41%. It is also calculated that Indicated Power of the engine model is 78.2 kW for diesel fuel and 75.7 kW for bio diesel. Diesel engine Volumetric Efficiency, as the third effective parameter of engine performance, was also introduced, and the amount of results for B20 fuel and diesel fuel were 83% and 80% respectively. The results show minor differences in the amounts of combustion and engine performance factors for both mentioned fuels. Hence, according to environmental requirements and decreasing trend of fossil resources, the renewable bio diesel fuel is spotlighted as one of the essential alternatives for diesel fuel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Studying Air Quality Changes in Tabriz in Terms of PM10 Pollutant Density Using AQI Index and its Relation with Drop of Water Level in Uremia Lake during 2008-2011
Abdollah Dargahi Reza Dehghanzadeh Vahideh Fahiminia Yahya Jabbari Farnaz AziziBackground and Objective: Particles are main pollutants from view point of general health and environmental issue. The aim of this research was to review the monthly, seasonal and annual trend of PM10 and to determine air quality using AQI and its relation with drop of MoreBackground and Objective: Particles are main pollutants from view point of general health and environmental issue. The aim of this research was to review the monthly, seasonal and annual trend of PM10 and to determine air quality using AQI and its relation with drop of water level in Uremia Lake during 2008-2011 in order to present a knowledge base plan to manage particles. Method: This study is a cross-sectional typr. The data on PM10 were collected from Departement of Environment in Tabriz and Meteorological Organization of West Azerbaijan Provence. Then, the obtained data were analyzed considering air quality index using SPSS ver.21 software. Results: During the four years (2008-2011), changes in concentration of PM10 were meaningful (P=0.001). The concentrations in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011 were 86.13±70, 83.63±60.87, 87.40±42, and 92.69±73 microgram per cubic meter, respectively. Spring, winter, May and March had the highest amount of partcles as 103.18, 98.01, 88.81, 95.57 microgram per cubic meter, respectively. Conclusion: Among the studied months, March and among the studied seasons, spring and winter possessed the worst air quality in terms of PM10. The reasons are intensity of particles entrance and environmental conditions during that period in one hand, and the worsen condition of Uremia Lake on the other hand. Therefore, several factors increase the amount of hazardous particles and salt particles effect. It can be condluded that there is a need for an integrated management to reduce these emissions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Comparative Study of telluride removal by a moderately halophilous bacterium, Halomonas elongate, a halotolerant bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis and a non-halophilous bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Zeynab Sadat Motesharrei Mohammad Ali AmoozegarHalophilous, halotolerant and non-halophilous microorganisms have important roles in bioremediation and transformation of toxic metal compounds in polluted environments. Identification of toxic metal-tolerant strains and their removal patterns are the first steps of app MoreHalophilous, halotolerant and non-halophilous microorganisms have important roles in bioremediation and transformation of toxic metal compounds in polluted environments. Identification of toxic metal-tolerant strains and their removal patterns are the first steps of applying them in the bioremediation processes. In the current study, telluride removal in three moderately halophilous, halotolerant and non-halophilous bacteria, Halomonas elongate DSM 2581, Enterococcus faecalis PTCC1237 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC1074, respectively, and the effects of selenooxyanions and arsenate on this removal, were determined by means of a colorimetric method using di-ethyl thio-carbamate. The strains H. elongate, E. faecalis and Ps. aeruginosa showed the maximum MIC to telluride as 0.25, 8 and 0.25 mM, respectively. In halophilous microorganism, H. elongata, selenooxyanions had a positive effect on increasing the telluride resistance, since K-telluride plus 25 mM Na-Selenite or Na-selenate were added together into the medium, tolerance to telluride was increased from 0.25 mM to 18 mM and from 0.25 mM to 3 mM, respectively , telluride tolerance in halotolerant strain ,E. faecalis, in the presence of 25 mM Se (IV) or 5 mM Se (VI) or 0.1 mM As (V) was increased and reached to 80 mM , 16 mM and 16 mM , respectively,but in Non-halophilous bacterium, Ps. aeruginosa adding 25 mM Se (IV) or 5 mM Se (VI) or 5 mM As (V) did not cause increasing of MIC of telluride. The ability of halophilous strain to telluride removal was increased in comparison of control condition (medium containing of just telluride) by 48/21% and 25.74% , when 0.1 mM Te(IV) plus 50 mM Se (IV) or 1 mM Se (VI) was used respectively. 0.2 mM Te (IV) plus 1 mM Se (IV) or 1 mM Se (VI) or 0.1 mM As (V) in E. faecalis can give rise 2.2% , 7.33% and 75% increase in Telluride removal, as well. The most positive effect of Selenite and Selenate in Telluride removal was observed in H. elongata and the lowest of it was observed in E. faecalis. A unique characteristic of E. faecalis in removing of Tellurite by 75% in the presence of Arsenate was the thing which observed only in E. faecalis but not in two other bacteria studied here. In the case of P. aeruginosa, 8 mM Se (IV) or 1 mM Se (VI) plus 0.1 mM Te (IV) can also cause higher increase in telluride removal by 34.35% and 11.82%, respectively. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) studies and scanning transmission electron microscopy examination using an EDS analysis system, demonstrated that the black and red deposits formed in bacterial cells, was metallic tellurium and selenium Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Evaluation of the dispersion of pollutants from mobile sources of the pollutant (studying area: Ahvaz)
somayh baninaimeh Masoud Rafiei Syrose Karimi Abdolrahman RasekhBackground and Objective: Today pollution in the large cities has become a basic challenge for the environment. In Ahwaz, 60% of the pollution is related to the mobile sources which produce a huge amount of various pollutants including CO and PM10 that affect the life o MoreBackground and Objective: Today pollution in the large cities has become a basic challenge for the environment. In Ahwaz, 60% of the pollution is related to the mobile sources which produce a huge amount of various pollutants including CO and PM10 that affect the life of the residents in Ahwaz. CO is an important pollutant emitted to the atmosphere from traffic. Generally, pollutant emission to the air has a significant effect on air pollution control. Therefore, the of this study was to investigate the dispersion and density of CO and PM10 from mobile sources. Method: In this study, at first the study area was zonned (3×3 Km). Then, in each net the number of cars were estimated according to the types of car and hours of traffic. Consequently, the whole diffusion of CO and PM10 concentration in each net was estimated according to gram per second for each car considering the diffusion factors, type of consumed fuel and the distance drived. Finally, for better illustration of places, graphic exhibition, distribution way of the mentioned pollutant and diffusion, GIS a software was used. Conclusion: The pattern of pollutant diffusion for CO and PM10 emitted from cars, which is calculated by the model, shows that most of the polluted areas are the business and administrative centers. These pollutants were calculated to be very low and even zero at the outskirts of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Evaluation of physico-chemical properties of the dustfall particles bigger than 10µm in Kurdistan province, western Iran.
Reza Bashiri Khuzestani Babak SouriBackground and Objective: In recent years, emission of dustfall particles has been an increasing phenomenon in the atmosphere of western, southwestern and central Iran. Particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter bigger than 10µm show more tendencies to fall MoreBackground and Objective: In recent years, emission of dustfall particles has been an increasing phenomenon in the atmosphere of western, southwestern and central Iran. Particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter bigger than 10µm show more tendencies to fall and sustain their presence on surrounding environment comparing to smaller particles in the regions, where dustfall phenomenon is a matter of concern. Hence, these particles are considered as an important index to evaluate environmental quality. Objective of this research was to investigate physico-chemical properties of these particles in western part of Iran. Methods: The precipitation rate of dustfall particles on area unit was measured using deposit gauge method in a period of one year from Farvardin to Esfand 1389 (Iranian calendar) in university of Kurdistan in Sanandaj city, western Iran. Also, the concentration of soluble alkali and alkaline earth metals of Na, K, Ca and Mg alongside with concentration of total heavy metals of Fe and Mn were measured in the collected samples using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Additionally, type and dominance of minerals in the samples was evaluated using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Findings: The results showed that during one year sampling period the highest and lowest rates of the dustfall precipitation were for months of Farvardin and Bahman with 19.71 and 1.38 gr m-2 month-1, respectively. Also, average concentration of soluble Na, K, Ca and Mg among the dustfall particles were 12.45, 5.74, 65.85 and 2.13 mg m-2 month-1 while average concentration for total Fe and Mn were 11.12 and 0.42 mg m-2 month-1. Also, X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples approved abundance of quartz and calcite minerals. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this research approved that the composition of these particles could emphasize on pedological source for dustfall particles in western Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - 10
Vahid Shapouri Mohammad Reza Alavi Moghadam Taghi Ebadi10 -
Open Access Article
38 - 10
Mahmood Karami Borhan Riazi Nazanin Kalani10 -
Open Access Article
39 - 10
محمدرضا بمانیان علی اکبر تقوایی محمد شریف شهیدی10 -
Open Access Article
40 - 10
Shahriar Shaghaghi Majid Mofidi10 -
Open Access Article
41 - 10
فرح حبیب10 -
Open Access Article
42 - 10
Ali Reza Mikaeili Zohreh Kiazadeh10 -
Open Access Article
43 - 10
حمیدرضا غفارزاده نازلی هنربخش10 -
Open Access Article
44 - Correlation between harmful health effects attributed to the pollutant index of suspended particles (PM10) in air quality affecting biological safety: A case study in Kermanshah metropolis, Iran
mehrdad pooyanmehr mohsen khalvandpoorBackground and Objective: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental crises of living (humans, animals and plants). Exposure to air pollution is associated with different health outcomes. Air pollution causes a reduction in the average life expectancy, an MoreBackground and Objective: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental crises of living (humans, animals and plants). Exposure to air pollution is associated with different health outcomes. Air pollution causes a reduction in the average life expectancy, an increase in various diseases. Given the correlation between the harmful effects on the bio-safety attributable to airborne particulate index (PM10) in air quality, the aim of this study was to investigate the trend of changes in airborne particulate index (PM10) over an eight-year period (2011-2018) based on index (PSI) and its analytical dependence on health over a period of time was Kermanshah metropolitan. Material and Methodology: Data from the active station of Kermanshah Environmental Protection Agency was collected and the process of changing the concentration of pollutants by the psi index was analyzed. Findings: The unhealthiest, very unhealthy and dangerous conditions of air quality were observed in the winter, summer and winter seasons, respectively, with a significant difference in autumn compared to spring. Also, the study of air quality changes during the eight-year period showed a significant difference in season and month (P <0.001). However, with the exception of one year (2014), the average range of PM10 (μg / m3) concentrations did not differ significantly. Discussion and Conclusion: In addition to the correlation between the amount of PM10 contaminated with environmental and health effects, Kermanshah air quality has a relative distance between the PM10 pollutants and the standard state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Modeling the emission and spread of air pollutants in Beyhaqi passenger terminal of Tehran under different scenarios
maryam karimi farzam Babaie Hooman Bahmanpour ali mohammadi Mohammad Reza TapeshBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is to measure air pollutants (especially PM10) in Beyhaqi Terminal of Tehran and to model the release of this pollutant under various conditions. Material and Methodology: In order to measure the pollutant of suspe MoreBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is to measure air pollutants (especially PM10) in Beyhaqi Terminal of Tehran and to model the release of this pollutant under various conditions. Material and Methodology: In order to measure the pollutant of suspended particles with a diameter of 10 microns (PM10), a portable device model Grimm 108/109 was used. In the selected points, sampling was done once a month during the year, three days a month and 3 times a day, and the sampling was done at different times of the day, i.e. morning, noon and evening, according to the increase and decrease of vehicle traffic. And for the purpose of modeling, Austal view, version 7 software was used. Findings: The results showed that the concentration measured in the autumn and winter seasons was higher than the first six months of the year. Since in the standard of the World Health Organization, the daily limit for this pollutant is 50 micrograms per cubic meter, it can be seen that in the first scenario, in some areas (distances less than 300 meters from the source), the concentration of the pollutant exceeded the standard. The rest of the ranges are within the standard range. In the second scenario and based on the emission reduction factor of 70%, it was determined that all areas are within the standard range. Discussion and Conclusion: Finally, reducing the stopping time of cars, not turning on lights and using exhaust absorbent filters will help to reduce the emission of suspended particles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Survey of Particulate Matter Pollution in Ambient Air of Azandarian Stone Crushing Units
Soheil Sobhan Ardakani Javad NainianMineral activities that have long been considered by humans due to the importance of supplying raw materials have caused many changes in the environment, including air pollution particulate matter. This study was conducted to assess the realesed pollutants from Azandari MoreMineral activities that have long been considered by humans due to the importance of supplying raw materials have caused many changes in the environment, including air pollution particulate matter. This study was conducted to assess the realesed pollutants from Azandarian stone crushing units on the ambient air quality. Particulate matters were collected from 8 selected stations included 5 stone crushing units stack and 3 environmental analysis stations during two seasons in 2013. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. The results showed that maximum mean concentration of particulate matters in the summer and autumn seasons in stone crushing units stack samples were 198.78±68.59 mg/m3 and 199.67±9.00 mg/m3, respectively, and were significantly lower than Iran DOE permissible limits. Also, the mean concentrations of PM2.5 in all environmental monitoring stations except station 3 in the summer season, and the mean concentrations of PM10 in all environmental monitoring stations except station 2 in the autumn season were significantly higher and lower than EPA permissible limits, respectively. Due to the mean concentrations of particulate matters emitted from the Azandarian stone crushing units stack and mean concentrations of PM10 measured in environmental monitoring were significantly lower than national and international permissible limits, so can be admitted the air pollution control equipments such as industrial scrubbers and cyclones are relative efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - بررسی و تحلیل کارآیی ضوابط شهرسازی در ساخت و ساز شهری (منطقه یک شهرداری تهران)
مهرداد کبیری حمیدرضا جودکی علیرضا استعلاجی -
Open Access Article
48 - کاربرد و تحلیل فضای سبز منطقه 10 کلان شهر تهران (با تاکید بر ارائه مدل علمی کاربردی)
محمود وارسته ناصر اقبالی -
Open Access Article
49 - Research rate of in vitro proliferation Malling apple (Malus domestica) rootstocks cv. M26 and cv. MM106
Elham Zarin kamar Taher Nejad Satari Farah Farahani Zahra NoormohammadiApple belong to Malus Miller genus. Today, more of 10000 varieties known in the world, some of varieties are economic , resistance to diseases and sexual proliferation of ability. The vegetative rootstock (M26 and MM106) are early harvesting, yield is high and effect on MoreApple belong to Malus Miller genus. Today, more of 10000 varieties known in the world, some of varieties are economic , resistance to diseases and sexual proliferation of ability. The vegetative rootstock (M26 and MM106) are early harvesting, yield is high and effect on quality of fruits. The subject of project is research kinds vegetative rootstock of varieties and number of subculture on rate of in vitro proliferation. The basal medium culture MS (Murashige , Skoog, 1962) supplemented with BAP (2 mg/l) and IAA (0.5 mg/l) have prepared. In M26 rootstock, length of stem (1.11 cm) increased during the second and third subcuktures. In mm106 and M26, maximum number of leaves (18.7 and 9.2) produced in two subculture and such as, length of stem elongated during the first subculture. The length of shoot and number of leaves increased with repetitive subcultures but on effected on branching.Apple belong to Malus Miller genus. Today, more of 10000 varieties known in the world, some of varieties are economic , resistance to diseases and sexual proliferation of ability. The vegetative rootstock (M26 and MM106) are early harvesting, yield is high and effect on quality of fruits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Neuroprotective Effect of Ghrelin on Substantia Nigra in Parkinson Disease Model Induced -MPTP
Neda Nikoklam NazifAim and Background: Parkinson's disease is a progressive central nervous system disorder. This disease is caused by degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons of midbrain, from substantia nigra to corpus striatum pathway. Ghrelin act as a neuroprotective against Parkinso MoreAim and Background: Parkinson's disease is a progressive central nervous system disorder. This disease is caused by degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons of midbrain, from substantia nigra to corpus striatum pathway. Ghrelin act as a neuroprotective against Parkinson disease, and this study aimed to investigate protective effects of ghrelin on the substantia nigra area of brain in Parkinson disease model induced- MPTP. Materials and Methods:Forty male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 5 groups of: control, saline, Parkinson, Parkinson + 0.0002 mg/kg ghrelin, and Parkinson +0.0004 mg/kg ghrelin. The Parkinson disease model was induced by MPTP intraperitoneally injection (25 mg/kg, i.p) for four days. The treatment was started one day after last MPTP inducement, by ghrelin intraperitoneally injection for 30 days. catalepsy was assessed by the means of a standard test bar. The brains were removed from the skull for histology (haematoxylin and eosin stain were used as the main principle), also tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and Interleukin 10(IL-10) levels in substantia nigra and corpus striatum was measured using ELISA method. Results:Ghrelin effectively reduces catalepsy levels and reduces the degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra pars compacta. It will meaningfully decrease the levels of TNF-α, and positively increases the levels of IL-10 in substantia nigra and corpus striatum. Conclusion: Based on results obtained from this study, we can conclude that ghrelin has a neuroprotective role, improves catalepsy, reduces inflammatory factors, and increase anti-inflammatory factors in Parkinson disease rodent models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Zinc Oxide with Micro Polyhedral and Nano Plate Morphologies for Simultaneous Decolorization of Two- dye Mixture in Wastewater
Maryam Movahedi -
Open Access Article
52 - Synthesis and Surfactant Effect on Structural Analysis of Nickel Doped Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles by C-precipitation Method
Pirouz Derakhshi Roshanak Lotfi -
Open Access Article
53 - Electrocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde on novel composite of nickel/triton-x100/poly(o-aminophenol-co-aniline)
Sepide Saeedi Kenari Shahla Fathi Fereshteh Chekin -
Open Access Article
54 - A simple, solvent-free four-component domino synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo [1, 2-b] phthalazine-5, 10-dione derivatives catalyzed by copper (II) oxide
Farzaneh Mohamadpour -
Open Access Article
55 - The Effect of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Plastic Injection Molds
Z. S Seyedraoufi M Samiee F Abdi -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigation on the Effects of Explosive Welding Parameters on the Mechanical Properties and Electrical Conductivity of Al-Cu Bimetal
H Bakhtiari H Abbasi H Sabet M. R Khanzadeh M Farvizi -
Open Access Article
57 - A Study of 8 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training along with Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin D Supplementation on Coordination, Balance, and Cognitive Function of Inactive Students with a History of COVID-19
Farhad Azimi Ehsan Sadeghi Aydin ValizadehThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation on coordination, balance, and cognitive function of inactive students who had a history of COVID-19. The MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation on coordination, balance, and cognitive function of inactive students who had a history of COVID-19. The research method was post-test with a control group. To this aim, 20 participants with the average age of 21.7±5.7 were randomly divided into intervention and placebo groups. Simultaneous with starting HIIT workouts, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation was also used. The placebo group received 2 empty capsules instead of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation for the treatment group. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis and according to the results, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of coordination tests. Moreover, the cognitive function of the participants in the intervention group improved significantly compared to the placebo group. It seems that HIIT workouts could enhance the cognitive function and active balance of those who had a history of COVID-19. After their recovery, patients affected by COVID-19 can use HIIT workouts to accelerate the betterment of their cognitive and balance function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Analysis of Material Flow and Phase Transformation in Friction Hydro-Pillar Processing of 1045 Steel
Moosa Sajed S. M. Hossein Seyedkashi -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigation about the Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Effects Of Bismuth Nanoparticles with Using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Rat Liver Microsomes
Bahar Shams Kilani Sedighe Mehrabian Farzaneh HosseiniIntroduction and Objective:The usage of nanoparticles is growing in various fields due to their low cost, high efficiency and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, their potential hazards should also be considered and used at concentrations that have not mutagenic or car MoreIntroduction and Objective:The usage of nanoparticles is growing in various fields due to their low cost, high efficiency and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, their potential hazards should also be considered and used at concentrations that have not mutagenic or carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to assess the mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of Bismuth nanoparticles with a size of 56nm, and the concentrations of 156.25,78.1, 39.1 ppm .Materials and Methods: In this study, we utilize the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100Firstly, the purity of the strains was confirmed in terms of purity of mutagenic properties. Then the different concentration of Bismuth nanoparticles was separately added to minimal glucose agar medium containing TA100. Subsequently, they were compared against the positive control ( samples containing mutated bacteria and sodium azide ) and negative control ( containing mutated bacteria and distilled water ). In the next phase of this research the rat liver micrsomes was separately added to the minimal glucose agar medium containing the suspected carcinogenic Bismuth nanoparticles , and negative and positive controls and all back colonies were counted.Results:The number of revertant colonies the treated plates with S9 is decreased and it means mutagenic and carcinogenic effect of Bismuth nanoparticles with S9 is decreased.Conclusion:The results of the present study shows that the Bismuth nanoparticles at concentrations examined had no mutagenic and carcinogenic effect Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Investigation about the Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Effects of Probiotice Bacteria with Using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Rat Liver Microsomes(S9)
maryam EKrami ُSedigheh mehrabian Robab Rafiei TabatabeiInroduction & Objective: Probiotic bacteria is potential hazards should also be considered and used at concentrations that have not mutagenic or carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to assess Investigation about the Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Effects of Prob MoreInroduction & Objective: Probiotic bacteria is potential hazards should also be considered and used at concentrations that have not mutagenic or carcinogenic effects. This study aimed to assess Investigation about the Mutagenic and Carcinogenic Effects of Probiotice Bacteria with Using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and Rat Liver Microsomes(S9). Material and Methods:In this study, we utilize the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Firstly, the purity of the strains was confirmed in terms of purity of mutagenic properties. In the next phase of this research the rat liver micrsomes was separately added to the minimal glucose agar medium containing the suspected carcinogenic, andprobiotice bacteria negative and positive controls and all back colonies were counted. Results: The number of revertant colonies the treated plates with S9 is decreased and it means mutagenic and carcinogenic effect of probiotice bacteria with S9 is decreased. Conclusion: The results of the present study shows that the probiotice bacteria at concentrations examined had no mutagenic and carcinogenic effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Evaluation of the Effects of Q10 on Neural Protection and Behavioral Disorders in Cell Culture and Mice Models of Parkinson’s Disease
mahdieh Aazarshab mehdi rahnema Ramin Hajikhani Jalal Solati mohammad Reza BigdeliInroduction & Objective: Oxidative stress which is responsible for pathophysiology of hypertension, causes decrease in total antioxidant capacity. PON 1 is an antioxidant enzyme present on the surface of HDL also which is responsible for prevention of HTN and it&rsq MoreInroduction & Objective: Oxidative stress which is responsible for pathophysiology of hypertension, causes decrease in total antioxidant capacity. PON 1 is an antioxidant enzyme present on the surface of HDL also which is responsible for prevention of HTN and it’s complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the Effect of Isosorbide and Garlic Supplementation on Protein levels and Gene expression of PON1 at the Heart tissue in Female rats with hypertension After a period of aerobic training. Materials and Methods: In the experimental study,30 female Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were randomly divided into 8 groups: healthy control, sham, blood pressure induction (Hyper), garlic, endurance training, endurance training -garlic. The rats suffered from hypertension of 6 days a week for 8 weeks after dietary period and 10 mg/kg body weight L_NAME injection. Experimental groups received 50 mg/kg body weight garlic supplement for six weeks.The endurance training program was performed at speeds of 20-30 m/min and 20 to 35 minutes, 5 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Protein levels and expression of PON1 heart tissue were measured using ELISA kit and Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed by t-test, One-way ANOVA and post hoc tokey at the significant level P<0.05. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean protein and the expression of paraoxonase-1 in the heart tissue of the female rats with hypertension in the different groups of the study (P> 0.05).Also, there was no difference between the levels of protein paraoxonase-1 heart tissue in different groups than the group of blood pressure induction (P> 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems to that the inadequacy of the training period (frequency and intensity of exercise) and the dose rate of Garlic Supplementation can be one of the possible causes of ineffectiveness in the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Semi Dream (Vaghe'eh) in Einul-Quozat Hamedani's Works
Roya Rabizadeh Fatemeh HeidariMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let MoreMysticism is recognition and knowledge of the Almighty. Mystical knowledge and recognition is intuitive, personal and individual perception. Mysticism is achieved through special spiritual and mental abilities after passing through preliminaries and processes which let him think higher than sense and wisdom bottleneck and discover encampment of secrets and truths. Confronting with truth is an internal and interior event which shall happen without presence and dominance of senses and wisdom. The mystic is not able to turn his observations into something comprehensible and declare his heartfelt findings and evidences to others. One of the main reasons that mystical truth cannot be interpreted is its indistinguishability because mystical experience and truths are related to a world different from our own world. Einul- Quozat Hamedani has explained his mystical experience in his works and has cited the verses and Hadith for their demonstration. His mystical experience including revelation, semi dream, dream, citing a proverb and dream among which is one of the important way for entering into the occult world and is out of the extrasensory factors that the rational soul of the human being through which can get aware of the past and future. In this research, furthering definition of semi dream and its specifications, its difference with dream, revelation, semi dream and special mystical experience of Einul Quozat shall be examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The analysis of Godliness, Advocacy of Justice and Oppression in Shahnameh-e- Ferdowsi
Ahmad Amini Kamran Pashayee Fakhri Khalil HadidiThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on th MoreThis study strives to achieve some relative and limited insight into the thinking of Ferdowsi through examining the original text and both internal and external layers and dimensions of a great work under the title of “Shahnameh” (the epic of the kings in English) on three parts: monotheism, justice and fighting oppression, which is in itself construed here as the human being’s intellectual asset. The method of content analysis, a scientific and systematic method of inference, was employed to extract and gather the data and thereby gain the aforementioned objective. Then, it was realized that these triple elements were highly closely bounded to the point that their separation from each other was not only impossible but also unimaginable. This is to say that having faith in almighty God results in the establishment of justice and the ultimate output of these two is fighting with oppression. Then, it shall be admitted that back then, the sage of Tous (Ferodowsi) had been in pursuit of an ideal society, reckoned natural to him, and this is something innate, which is rather called human rights as well by civil societies. This study attempts to spot and restore these elements. Divine magnificence and wisdom brings about honour and pride; and selfishness and ingratitude cause humiliation and affliction. He thinks that Iranians never encroach on human rights and it arises from their sense of justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Introducing and Reviewing Asās al-Marefat of Kamāl al-Din Siddighi
Mehran Mohebbi Maryam Mahmudi Parisa Davari Hossein AghahosiniThe remaining manuscripts of the ancestors are an important part of culture and civilization, and considering it as one of the treasures of cultural heritage is very important. The treatise of Asas al-Ma'rafat is an exquisite work of the tenth century, which has not yet MoreThe remaining manuscripts of the ancestors are an important part of culture and civilization, and considering it as one of the treasures of cultural heritage is very important. The treatise of Asas al-Ma'rafat is an exquisite work of the tenth century, which has not yet been corrected and published. The work remains only one handwritten note held in the library of Ayatullah Golpayegani from 11.01.2001, and is the basis of this research. Unfortunately, this treatise has not yet been made known. So, due to the importance of this treatise and considering this fact that it has not been known so far, the authors in this research are trying to introduce this work of Kamāl al-Din Siddighi, and to study its content, elements, components, and style. The study of this work shows that Kamāl al-Din Siddighi is a distinguished mystic, spiritual disciple of Jami and a follower of Mahdi al-Din ibn Arabi, and the trace of Ibn Arabi's mysticism is clearly evident in this treatise. Kamāl al-Din Sedighi as a writer is capable of constructing and texturing words greatly. Figurative language, Arabic words and contents, allusions, metaphors, synonyms, complexity of language and literary language that are seen in the other works and texts of this period are clearly evident in this work. This treatise has great importance in the field of cultural study as it contains mystical and philosophical thoughts, terminology, historical information, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Mystical Analysis of Ahl- al- Bayt’s Virtues in Nahj Al-Balagha
Abolfazl GhahharyNahj al-Balagha is the words of Imam Ali, a sublime person who is perfect in theoretical and applied mysticim. Indeed, Imam Ali’s all mystical teachings are not reflected in this great book. He says that we ( Ahl al- Bayt) are the origin of wisdom, so if there is MoreNahj al-Balagha is the words of Imam Ali, a sublime person who is perfect in theoretical and applied mysticim. Indeed, Imam Ali’s all mystical teachings are not reflected in this great book. He says that we ( Ahl al- Bayt) are the origin of wisdom, so if there is any knowledge and wisdom in the existence or even there is any mystical ideas and thoughts, they belong to us tatally. Thus we can frequently find the virtues of Aha al-Bayt and their sublime thoughts in Nahj al-Balagha. In this article we study these great virtues by citation to Quran and Ahadith-e Nabavi and we also analyse deeply the meaning of Ahl al-Bayt and one of the most verces of Quran which is called “Verse of Tathiir”. Many of the famous interpretations( Sharh va Tafsir) of Nahj al-Balghah are used as the authentic refrences in the present article. As a result we find that all the mentioned virtues of Ahl al-Bayt are originated and derived from their mystical aspect of life. A descriptive-analytical method based on library research has been used in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Impact of a Blunt Projectile with a Perforated Plate
M Farahmand Kh Vahedi A Naddaf Oskouei R Hosseini -
Open Access Article
67 - Investigation of the tolerance of promising lines of durum wheat and two wheat cultivars to E. integriceps in Neyshabur
isa jabaleh Ghazaleh Eshaghi Majid TaherianThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a ra MoreThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 20 genotype: 18 lines of durum wheat, two cultivars of Dena control and Parsi wheat cultivar. According to the results, the highest number of overwintered adults of E. integriceps was located in genotype 1 (Dena wheat) and the lowest in genotypes 12, 2 (Persian wheat) and 16. The highest number of damaged leaves was in genotype 11 and the lowest number was in genotypes 16, 10 and 6. Investigating the traits of number of sprouts showed that genotypes number 1 and 6 had the highest and lowest number of buds respectively. The days to spike emergence and number of days to physiological treatment were affected by the treatments. The highest number of days until the appearance of spike was genotype number 18 and the least of these traits were genotypes number 9, 1, 11 and 14. The maximum length of peduncle was recorded in genotypes Number 11, 9 and 15, and the lowest peduncle length was observed in genotypes1 (Dana), 16, 18 and 19. There was no significant difference between the 20 genotypes in terms of yield, biological yield and harvest index. Genotypes 1, 13 and 18, along with the important indices of Yp, Ys and GMP in the region with high production potential and low sensitivity to E. integriceps Genotypes adjacent to SSI and TOL sensitivity indexes (Genotyp 4) are also low 1000 seeds weight. Weight of 1000 grains in non-activity of E. integriceps condition (Yp) had a positive and significant correlation with geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yield index (YI). Weight of 1000 seeds in terms of activity of E. integriceps (YS), was a positive and significant correlation with all indices. Accordingly, the mean of productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yeild index (YI) were the only indices that showed a positive and significant correlation with grain yield in terms of E. integriceps activity and E. integriceps inactivity. Finally, within the scope of the study, three genotypes 1, 13 and 18 were sunn pest tolerant genotypes in Neyshabur region and genotypes 4, 7 and 15 were susceptible to sunn pest with lowest 1000 seeds weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Vitamin D3 Supplementation and Aquatic Exercise Combination as A Safe- Efficient Therapeutic Strategy to ameliorate Interleukin-6 and 10, and social interaction in Children with Autism
Fahimeh AdibSaber Soleyman Ansari Kolachahi Alireza Elmieh Akbar Allahyari Karnagh Babak Barkadehi -
Open Access Article
69 - آنالیز ساختار فضایی بر اساس عدالت اجتماعی- فضایی (مطالعه موردی: مناطق 1.2.10 کلانشهر تبریز)
علیرضا پورشیخان بهزاد درستکار ناوانی -
Open Access Article
70 - The effect of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi along with humic acid on agronomic characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.)
علی نصرالله زاده اصلFor the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was MoreFor the aim of sustainable agriculture and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, the experiment carried out by using of Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer and mycorrhizal fungi and humic acid on agronomic characteristics and seed yield of sunflower. This experiment was conducted in Chaypareh city in 2018. The experiments carried out using factorial design based on Randomized Complete Block design with three replications and two factors. The factors were as follows: The first factor humic acid in two levels (control and humic acid 10 kg.ha-1) and Second factor phosphateh fertilizer in six levels (control, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer, mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi, Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple and 200 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple). The results showed that the effect of humic acid was significant on plant height, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight, seed yield and harvest index were significant. The maximum grain yield (2439.98 kg. ha-1) was obtained from experiment treatment of humic acid. The effect of phosphateh fertilizer on plant height, steam diameter, head diameter, Number of seed per head, 100-seed weight and seed yield were significant. The maximum seed yield 2789.6 kg.ha-1 was obtained from experimental treatments Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi + 100 kg.ha-1 super phosphate triple. According to the results of this experiment, using Barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer + mycorrhizal fungi could reduce 50% super phosphate triple Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - تأثیر عنصر نیکل بر روی میکرو ساختار آلیاژ پایه آهن Fe65B15Si10Ti5Al5 تهیه شده به روش آلیاژسازی مکانیکی
علی عبیداوی مهدی بروجردنیا عبداله طیبی مجید رحیمی -
Open Access Article
72 - Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Coil’s Number of Rounds and Voltage in Electromagnetic Sheet Forming of Aluminum Alloy 1050
Sajjad Nadian Bersiani Ahmad Keshavarzi امین کلاهدوزScientists replace the old methods with the new ones as the science develops. Today, automobile makers use thin sheets in order to lessen the weight and forming these sheets needs new methods. Electromagnetic forming is a way with which very thin sheets are made. A magn MoreScientists replace the old methods with the new ones as the science develops. Today, automobile makers use thin sheets in order to lessen the weight and forming these sheets needs new methods. Electromagnetic forming is a way with which very thin sheets are made. A magnetic field occurs in the Coils that leads the piece of work to its form like piston but without having effect and forms it when forming with Electronic evacuation. This process happens in less than a micro-second and increases the produced work pieces paying attention to the Coils which are the connection between the work piece and the engine, the amount of Coils in voltage in Electromagnetic forming is studied in digital and experimental ways in this study. For experimental examinations, Electromagnetic Coils are made and tested with Electromagnetic machines with 3 KJ power. In order to do digital experiments Abaqus and J-Mag softwares are used that the digital results have corresponded. The results shown that the area of the Coils should be the same with the work piece and for forming big areas of sheets, forming should be done in several levels with small Coils. Also, in order to increase the strength of Coils during the forming, the should be put in FK20 liquids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Simulation and study of the effect of variation in carbon and manganese elements on steel 1050 heat treatment (quenching) using AC3 software
Mehdi RafieiThe effect of the amount and type of metal elements in the steel as well as its subsequent effects on microstructure and mechanical properties during the heat treatment process is a proven issue. In this paper, the effect of two important elements, carbon and manganese, MoreThe effect of the amount and type of metal elements in the steel as well as its subsequent effects on microstructure and mechanical properties during the heat treatment process is a proven issue. In this paper, the effect of two important elements, carbon and manganese, on steel 1050 heat treatment, quenching, is investigated. The results of the simulation including, relation between wight percentage variation of them and the effects on surface and depth hardness and also the hardness behavior are analyzed using AC3 software. The elements used in this study were carbon and manganese (%C & %Mn), for either of them the hardness diagram and its behavior at the surface and depth have been prepared. The comparison of the simulation results with the experimental data showed relatively good adaptation. This method can be used in other steels and this software has a very good accuracy to study the effects of elements on the heat treatment of steels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Modeling and studying of the effect of part geometry and grain size in heat treatment of 1050 steel using AC3 software
Mehdi RafieiIn this article, the effect of the work piece geometry and microstructure grain size on the heat treatment of 1050 steel has been investigated. For this purpose, two samples of work pieces with round (cylindrical) and square (flat) sections were considered for simulatio MoreIn this article, the effect of the work piece geometry and microstructure grain size on the heat treatment of 1050 steel has been investigated. For this purpose, two samples of work pieces with round (cylindrical) and square (flat) sections were considered for simulation with AC3 software. The effect of each of them was investigated on the growth of grain size in different cooling environments. Also, the hardness at the surface and depth was evaluated for both conditions. The results of the simulation show that the used software has a suitable ability to predict surface and depth hardness, grain size and the behavior of CCT parameters and cooling curves in the heat treatment of 1050 steel and this method can be used on a workshop scale and to be used in industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - A GIS-Based Sites Selection with Maximal Covering Location Problem for bank branch Development
Fatemeh Dekamini Mohammad Ehsanifar seyed Mohsen LotfiSelecting a location is a very important decision for firms because they are costly and difficult to reverse. A poor choice of location might result in excessive transportation costs, loss of qualified labor, competitive advantage or some similar condition that would be MoreSelecting a location is a very important decision for firms because they are costly and difficult to reverse. A poor choice of location might result in excessive transportation costs, loss of qualified labor, competitive advantage or some similar condition that would be detrimental to operations.This paper proposed integration between MCDM model represented by ANP with GIS to propose the best location for construction of a new bank branch and then using maximal covering location problem to select branches that the maximum demand might be reached within a pre-specified target travel time. Bank branch location is one of the most significant strategic issues in the competitive market. In this paper, a Geographic Information System (GIS) based model for locating suitable sites is presented to make new branches, and then maximal covering location problem (MCLP) is used to select branches such that the maximum demand might be reached within a pre-specified target travel time. The model was implemented for Mehr Eqtesad bank in Arak city, Iran. In the future research, it is recommended to study reconstruction of bank branches. Moreover, applying this model on more complex problems is a challenging area for future studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Analysis and zonation map of Tehran air quality monitoring data using grand and Rs
ALI Rahabloo Hosin Aghamohamdi majid rahimzadegan mohamadali RajaeeBackground and Objective:As the biggest metropolis of Iran, Tehran is among the most polluted cities of the world. Due to the detrimental effects of air pollution on health and environment, determining the exact pollutant and areas of pollution is necessary. The aim of MoreBackground and Objective:As the biggest metropolis of Iran, Tehran is among the most polluted cities of the world. Due to the detrimental effects of air pollution on health and environment, determining the exact pollutant and areas of pollution is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of MODIS data. Methods:This study measure particulate matter (particle pollution) in urban areas and make air quality maps using these data and the ground data. Data related to the pollutants pm10, o3, co, so2,pm2.5 in 1394 using simple kriging method as a method of ground statistics in different modes were evaluated and maps of pollutants levels were drawn. In addition, satellite images of the first level and second level data of this sensor for qualitative and quantitative analysis of particulate matter was used in large areas. Then, using the Normalized Difference dust Index (NDDI) related to the first level data and parameters such as optical depth and Angstrom view related to the second level data, their correlation and RMSE with ground data related to the pollutant PM10was calculated. Findings:Results indicate that there was proper correlation between satellite images parameters and ground measurements. Discussion and Conclusion: This correlation indicates the images ability of this sensor to detect atmospheric dust. Also, in this study the role of meteorological parameters influencing air pollution was investigated and results indicate that the dominant pollutant index in the year94, was the particulate matter pm2—.5and PM10.Continuous stability of weather condition is among the effective factors that increase the density of pollutants that leads to the pollutants accumulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Design and Analyses of a PWM based Seven Level CascadeCombination Inverter
Mortaza Sefidi Mehdi Jarahi -
Open Access Article
78 - تحلیل فضایی مدیریت محله محور با رویکرد حکمروایی خوب شهری در محله های منطقه 10 شهر تهران
فرزانه ساسانپور آوات عبدالهی -
Open Access Article
79 - The Status of the Expediency Council in Formulating and Overseeing the Implementation of the Overall Policies of the System
Hajjollah Ebrahimian Hassan Ansari Ahmad Gharibi Hajjollah Ebrahimian [1] Hassan Ansari [2] Ahmad Gharibi[3] Abstract In the Islamic system, the jurisprudence determines the major policies based on Islam and the knowledge of the economies of time and utilization of his province, More Hajjollah Ebrahimian [1] Hassan Ansari [2] Ahmad Gharibi[3] Abstract In the Islamic system, the jurisprudence determines the major policies based on Islam and the knowledge of the economies of time and utilization of his province, with the aim of flowing into the executive policies, some of which are based on the jurisprudential authority of Article 110. The main question of the present study, which is a descriptive-analytical one, is what is the position of the Expediency Council in formulating and overseeing the implementation of the overall policies of the system? The result of the present study is that by delegating one of its important duties as set forth in paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 110 of the Constitution, the Expediency Council considers the Expediency Council to formulate and implement the general policies of the system, guaranteeing the guidance and management of the Islamic Revolution [1] PhD in Public Law, the Assistant Professor of Public Law in Azad University, Qom Branch, hojjat49@gmail.com، 09121535542 [2] PhD Candidate of Public law in Azad University, Qom Branch, hasan.ansari56@gmail.com [3] PhD Candidate of Public Law in Azad University, Qom Branch, agharibi26@yahoo.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Recognition of the validity of the sanctions of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the territory of U.S.sovereignty laws
Seyed Hossein Mortazavi Malek Zolghadr Farshid JafariSeyed Hossein Mortazavi [1], Malek Zolghadr [2]*,Farshid Jafari[3] Abstract: After the election of Ahmadinejad as president, foreign policy changed, and this change became evident not only in domestic politics but also in foreign policy. Especially in nuclear MoreSeyed Hossein Mortazavi [1], Malek Zolghadr [2]*,Farshid Jafari[3] Abstract: After the election of Ahmadinejad as president, foreign policy changed, and this change became evident not only in domestic politics but also in foreign policy. Especially in nuclear policy, it pursued a policy of inflexibility and incompatibility. The purpose of writing this article is to answer the question of what factors c­a­u­sed the incompatibility and disregard for Security Council resolutions by the ninth and tenth governments in nuclear policy, according to the decision-making model of the James N.Rosenau Accession Plan, and our aim is to prove this. It is hypothesized that according to James N. Rosenau's decision-making model, the factor (international environment-political system) has been more e­ff­ective than other factors (individual-role-society) in incompatibility and in adopting Ahmadinejad's policy of resistance in nuclear policy. [1]. PhD Student in International Relations, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran [2]. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran,Corresponding Author [3]. Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Investigating the Performance of Urban Management and Local Governance in the Development of Public Green Spaces (Parks) (Case Study: District 10 of Tehran Municipality)
Mohammad Dargahi Kafshgar Kalaei Leila Ebrahimi Amaneh Haghzad Mehrdad Ramezani PorThe purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of urban management with an emphasis on urban green spaces (parks). The main question of the research includes: How is the performance of urban management and local governance in the development of public green spa MoreThe purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of urban management with an emphasis on urban green spaces (parks). The main question of the research includes: How is the performance of urban management and local governance in the development of public green spaces in district 10 of Tehran municipality? The findings show the performance of urban management and local government in the expansion of public green spaces in district 10 of Tehran municipality is not suitable. A questionnaire was prepared based on the theoretical foundations and background of the research and the final analysis and analysis of the findings were performed using the statistical models of the sample and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of green space in the region indicate that a severe shortage of green space is felt in it. It is an important indicator of poor performance of urban management in all indicators. It is necessary for urban green space and its spatial-spatial functions in the region to be reviewed and amended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Correlation of Income Inequality and Entrepreneurial Activity
Irina Gontareva Vitalina Babenko Nataliia Shmatko Dariusz Pawliszczy -
Open Access Article
83 - Effect of Temperature Limits and Crop Density on Quality Characteristics of Oils and Fatty Acids in Regression Relationship with Soybean Yield
Alireza Alazmani Masoumeh Naeemi Abolfazl Faraji Ali Rahemi Karizki Leila AhangarIn order to investigate the effect of the growing day and plant density on some agronomic, morphophysiological and qualitative characteristics of the early-maturing line Soy-93-31 soybean, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of a randomize MoreIn order to investigate the effect of the growing day and plant density on some agronomic, morphophysiological and qualitative characteristics of the early-maturing line Soy-93-31 soybean, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design in three replications. Two crop years 2017 and 2018 were implemented in Gorgan region. The first factor of growth days until harvest time includes five growth days (GDD) 2328, 2182, 1893, 1712 and 1499 resulting from the date of sowing (10, 24 June, 8, 12 July, 5 August) and the second factor is the distance between rows 24, 36 and 48 cm (42, 28 and 21 plants per square meter).in this experiment, grain yield, biological yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 grain, oil yield, oil percentage and soybean fatty acids were measured. The results of this experiment showed that planting date and density had a significant effect on the percentage of soybean oil and fatty acids. The percentage of seed oil decreased with increasing planting time (delayed soybean) so that the highest percentage of soybean oil on 10 June and the lowest percentage of oil was obtained on 5 August. Also, based on the results of planting date and plant density had a significant effect on grain yield and grain yield components, the weight of 1000 soybeans decreased with delay in planting. With delay of sowing date in all densities, soybean grain yield decreased, so that the highest grain yield was observed on June 10 and the density of 42 plants per square meter (3760 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield was observed. Soybean was obtained on August 5 and the density of 21 plants per square meter was (470 kg.ha-1). According to the results of this experiment, the planting date of 10 June and the density of 42 plants per square meter were the most desirable planting date and density to achieve maximum grain and oil yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Improvement of Physiological Growth Indices and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) by Replacing some of Nitrogen with Phosphorus under Moisture Stress
Farasat Sadeghi Mohammad Ali AboutalebianTo study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factori MoreTo study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factorial arrangement of treatments based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of three levels of irrigations (irrigating after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan). Two levels of nitrogen replacement with phosphorus and without replacement and two levels of phosphorus replacement and without phosphorus replacement assigned to subplots. The results showed that simultaneous replacing of nitrogen and phosphorus in all irrigation levels increased physiological growth indices of leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. Moisture stress reduced growth rate of the crop significantly. Results also showed that crop growth rate increased 35 to 45 days after planting and reached to its maximum level after 65 days after planting date. After this period, the crop growth rate of soybean decreased and reached to zero about 95-100 days after planting. The highest dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were obtained from irrigation after 60 mm evaporation and nitrogen-phosphorus simultaneous placement application. According to the results, simultaneous replacing nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced the negative effect of moisture stress on soybean growth indices. Nitrogen replacement with phosphorus increased grain yield by 11.4% as compared to non-replacement of nitrogen with phosphorus and yielded 3855.88 kg.ha-1. In this research, nitrogen replacement with phosphorus under irrigation after 90 mm evaporation prevented significant oil yield loss as compared to irrigation after 60 mm evaporation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Growth Index, Yield and Yield Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Cultivars Affected by Date and Method of Planting at Ahvaz Region
Mehrnoosh Golabi Shahram Lak Abdolali Gilani Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Aslan EgdernezhadThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this s MoreThe most important component compatible with climatic diversity in agriculture is the planting date, which has the greatest impact on the phenological characteristics of the plant. Planting date is determined based on cultivar and climate of each region. In order this study was conducted to investigate the effect of seed and transplanting method on yield and yield components of quinoa cultivars in different planting dates in Ahvaz climatic conditions. The experiment as a split split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications in crop years 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. Planting date was taken as the main factor in four levels (22 October, 1 November, 11 November and 21 November) and sub factor including planting method (transplanting and seed planting) and sub-sub factor also Quinoa cultivars (Giza1, Q26 and Titicaca). The results showed that delay in planting date reduced growth index (22, 39 and 26% LAI, DM and CGR recpectively), days to flowering (21%) and grain yield components (number of panicles per plant (42%), number grain per panicle (26%) and 1000-grain weight (21%)), grain yield (63%) and harvest index (54%) in quinoa. The highest value of these traits was related to the date of first sowing (October 22) and it was also found that transplanting in early sowing date is weaker than seed sowing but in late sowing date is better than seed sowing and reduces the negative effects of late sowing. Among the studied cultivars, Q26 cultivar was more acceptable in terms of growth rate (LAI (4.87), DMT (637.3 g. m-2), CGR (18.58 g. m-2.day) and yield components (number of panicles per plant (9.72) and 1000-grain weight (4.81 g)) and grain yield (1813 kg. h-1) than the other two cultivars. The highest grain yield (3058 kg.ha-1) belonged to Q26 cultivar on 30 October planting and 22 October planting and seed sowing (3148 kg.ha-1) and the lowest grain yield (769 kg.ha-1) belonged to Titicaca cultivar on 11 and 21 November planting. In general, it was observed that the sowing date in early autumn was suitable for planting different cultivars of quinoa in Khuzestan province due to the longer growing season and Transplantation at this date of sowing did not have much advantage in terms of yield compared to seed sowing, but in the date of delayed sowing reduces the negative effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on testicular tissue after correction of experimental cryptorchidism in rat
Arash Shekari Esmail Safavi Ghafour MousaviPerturbation of testicular descent into the scrotum results in cryptorchidism. After surgical correction of cryptorchidism (orchidopexy), recovery of damaged testicular tissue is observed gradually. The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate the effect MorePerturbation of testicular descent into the scrotum results in cryptorchidism. After surgical correction of cryptorchidism (orchidopexy), recovery of damaged testicular tissue is observed gradually. The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate the effect of Coenzyme Q10 on testicular tissue after orchidopexy in the rat. In this study, 40 male immature rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 animals each. The first group received no surgical intervention. Experimental bilateral cryptorchidism was induced surgically in the second group and rats were kept until the end of the experiment. In the third and fourth groups, orchidopexy was performed 35 days after induction of experimental bilateral cryptorchidism. Rats in the third and fourth group were administered oral olive oil and coenzyme Q10 respectively for 30 days after orchidopexy. At the end of the experimental period, testicular tissue samples were obtained for morphologic and histomorphometerical studies. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey test and p < /em>p < /em><0.05). This study indicated that the use of Coenzyme Q10 causes testicular tissue repair and improves histomorphometrical and spermatogenesis coefficients after orchidopexy in the rat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Protective effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the oxidative stress and histological injury caused by nicotine in the ovary of rats
Shahnaz Yousefizadeh Ali Louei monfared Yahya MohammadiAs a poison, nicotine leaves irreparable effects on various tissues of the body, including the reproductive system. Coenzyme Q10 has a tremendous effect in raising the body's antioxidant level and preventing poisoning. In the current study, the protective effect of coen MoreAs a poison, nicotine leaves irreparable effects on various tissues of the body, including the reproductive system. Coenzyme Q10 has a tremendous effect in raising the body's antioxidant level and preventing poisoning. In the current study, the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the changes induced by nicotine in the rat ovary was investigated. For this purpose, 32 adult female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8. The rats of the first group (control) were only fed with the usual diet, but the animals of the second group were treated with nicotine at the rate of 0.2 mg/kg, the rats of the third group were treated with coenzyme Q10 at the rate of 75 mg/kg and the animals of the fourth group were treated simultaneously using nicotine and coenzyme Q10 (with the same amounts) through gavage. At the end of the study period (45 days), the animals were euthanised and blood samples were taken for hormonal and antioxidant tests. Also, ovarian tissue was sampled for histological studies. In animals treated with nicotine, there was an increase in follicular atresia, tissue damage, an increase in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, along with a decrease in the number of ovarian follicles, a decrease in the amount of estrogen and follicle stimulating hormones, and the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase. But in animals receiving nicotine and coenzyme Q10 at the same time, there was a significant improvement in ovarian function and structure. This study shows coenzyme Q10 can play a protective role against oxidative stress and tissue changes caused by nicotine in the ovaries of rats with the mechanism of balancing the antioxidant status and reproductive hormones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The effect of coenzyme Q10 on the prevention of testicular tissue damages in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats
seyyed sajjad hejazi ramin jahangirfardCoenzyme Q10 is considered as a vitamin or a vitamin-like substance which is found in food resources naturally like other vitamins. In recent years, several drugs have been used effectively for treatment of diabetes, but the treatment or protective effect of few of them MoreCoenzyme Q10 is considered as a vitamin or a vitamin-like substance which is found in food resources naturally like other vitamins. In recent years, several drugs have been used effectively for treatment of diabetes, but the treatment or protective effect of few of them have been studied microscopically. In the present study, the complementary effect of Q10 on testicular structure in alloxan-induced diabetic rats was studied. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of 10 rats. The first group was the control group; the second group was the control group treated with 75 mg/kg Q10 for one month, orally (gavage); the third one was the alloxan-induced diabetic treatment group in which a single dosage of 120 mg/kg alloxan was administered intra peritoneally, and the fourth group was the diabetic treatment group treated with Q10. The rats’ weight, testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, testicular capsule thickness and seminiferous tubular epithelium thickness were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Duncan,s multiple range test. Q10 demonstrated a modifying effect on the diabetic rats’ testicular damage such that damages in tissue structure and the sex cells, as well as shrinkage of the seminiferous tubules were observed very slightly. Furthermore, Q10 could inhibit the infiltration of the vessels into and under the capsule space which was significant in diabetic group. The use of Q10 as an antioxidant significantly protected the spermatogenic cells, testicular capsule, testis weight, and seminiferous tubule diameter from the damage of diabetes in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The effect of different concentrations of citric acid on motility patterns of bovine epididymal sperms in Hams F10 milieu
کیوان Abdy پرویز Tajik حمید Gasemzade A.A Kave پژمان Mirshokraei The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three concentration of citric acid on motility patterns of bovine epididymal sperms. For this purpose, 50 pairs of bovine testicles were collected immediately after slaughter form urmia abattoir a More The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three concentration of citric acid on motility patterns of bovine epididymal sperms. For this purpose, 50 pairs of bovine testicles were collected immediately after slaughter form urmia abattoir and transferred to the laboratory alongside 5oc ice pack. Epididymal tail sperms were collected with a few incisions in vascular areas and transferred to hams f10 milieu with 10% fetal calf serum and counted after 15 minutes of incubation at 37oc in Co2 incubator. Concentrations of 50 million sperms per ml were proposal and in the normal sperm pH rang of 6.7-7.4, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 normal concentration of citric acid were added to sperm continuity micro tubes (normal concentration of acid equals 7 mg/ml of bovine serum) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes the motility patterns of epididymal sperms were evaluated using the computer assisted sperms analyzing (CASA) method. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA using the SPSS 15 software. The results indicated significant differences in various indices of sperm motility patterns (Curvilinear Velocity, Straight-line Velocity, Average Path Velocity, Mean Angel Degree, Amplitude of Lateral Head Displacement, Beat-Cross Frequency, Linearity, Wobble) particularly at 0.3 normal concentration of citric acid compared with the control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A Study of the Effect of Labor Force Productivity on Unemployment in Iran
Roya Alomran Seyed Ali Alomran Vahide Kasmaye pourUnemployment is classified as one of the most serious obstacles to economic and social progress. So to avoid the negative effects of unemployment, reducing the rate of unemployment should be considered as one of the leading development goals in developing countries. One MoreUnemployment is classified as one of the most serious obstacles to economic and social progress. So to avoid the negative effects of unemployment, reducing the rate of unemployment should be considered as one of the leading development goals in developing countries. One characteristic of developing countries is the low rate of productivity growth, and the increase in productivity is the result of reducing the use of resources, reducing costs, using better methods of production or improving the ability of production factors, especially the labor-force. So, the Objective of this research is to study the effect of productivity of labor-force on unemployment in Iran from 1978 to 2010. For the theoretical analysis of the topic, ordinary least squares method was used, and the data were collected by the annual time series coefficients data. The research results of this method indicate that the impact of all variable coefficients has been expected based on the theoretical frame work, the coefficients for all variables are significant, and productivity of labor has a negative effect on unemployment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Investigation of the Nonlinear Refractive Index of MCF7 and MCF10A Breast Cell Lines for Optical Diagnosis
Bahareh Khaksar Jalali Somayeh Salmani Shik Latifeh Karimzadeh Bardee Sharife Shahi -
Open Access Article
92 - Investigation of the Nonlinear Refractive Index of MCF7 and MCF10A Breast Cell Lines for Optical Diagnosis
Bahareh Khaksar Jalali Somayeh Salmani Shik Latifeh Karimzadeh Bardee sharifeh shahi -
Open Access Article
93 - Value Relevance of Accounting Information during the Change of Economic Policy of the 10th and 11th Governments in the Companies Admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange
Abbasali Haghparast Behnoush Shayesteh Somayeh Jazinizadeh Seyed Danial Aghvami Behroz MehrparvarThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of relative and incremental value relevance of accounting information during the economic policy change of the 10th and 11th governments. For this purpose, three variables of book value, earning per share and MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of relative and incremental value relevance of accounting information during the economic policy change of the 10th and 11th governments. For this purpose, three variables of book value, earning per share and operating cash flow were used as independent variables and market value as a dependent variable. In this research, 135 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2016 during the 10th and 11th governments were examined annually, and linear and multivariate panel regression methods were used. The results of this research showed that during the 11th government, there was a positive and significant relationship between market value on one hand and book value, earning per share and operating cash flow on the other hand, but during the 10th government, there was no positive and significant relationship between profit per share and market value with the simultaneous entry of independent variables in the regression model. The findings showed that the value relevance of the operating cash flow in both periods was more than the book value and earning per share. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The Analysis of Lyrical Imagery in Mushfeqi Bukharaei's poetry by Astrological Concepts
Mehdi Nourian Mehrdad Chatraei Afsaneh BahramianAbdurrahman Mushfeqi Bukharaei is one of the poets of the tenth century AH who was familiar with composing sonnets and odes and was proficient in satire. Although in his time, unlike the fifth, sixth and seventh centuries, when the use of concepts of various sciences an MoreAbdurrahman Mushfeqi Bukharaei is one of the poets of the tenth century AH who was familiar with composing sonnets and odes and was proficient in satire. Although in his time, unlike the fifth, sixth and seventh centuries, when the use of concepts of various sciences and knowledge in poetry was common, knowledge such as astrolabe and astrology was no longer considered and the poetry was close to the general language of the people, but Mushfeqi used astrological concepts in his poems. In his poetry, we not only come across common astrological concepts and words among most poets such as astrology and fortune-telling and the names of the septet planets, but also the topics and words that specialize in astrological knowledge such as south node, predestination, conjunction, honor, the concept of seeing lucky and unlucky hours we also see during his verses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Forming limit curves of AA3105 on multiple temperature conditions: numerical investigation and experimental verification
Behzad Hadiyan Ramin Hashemi Habibollah Akbari -
Open Access Article
96 - Dissimilar resistance spot welding of AISI 1075 eutectoid steel to AISI 201 stainless steel
Mehdi Safari Hossein Mostaan -
Open Access Article
97 - Investigating the Effects of Boron and Zirconium on the High-Temperature Fatigue Behavior of Nimonic 105 Super Alloy
Zahra Asghary Masumeh Seifollahi Maryam Morakabati Seyed Mahdi Abbasi -
Open Access Article
98 - An Agro-Climatic Zoning of dryland whea Based on the date of the first rainfall 10 mm In the cultivation season in Kermanshah
Rastegar Mohammadi Javad Khoshhal Dasjerdi Daryosh RahimiClimate is the most important factor that determines the type of crop to planting in each region. Due to the fact that the cultivation of dryland wheat is a priority in the province, this study was selected. In this study, climatic data of 6 synoptic stations (1989-2012 MoreClimate is the most important factor that determines the type of crop to planting in each region. Due to the fact that the cultivation of dryland wheat is a priority in the province, this study was selected. In this study, climatic data of 6 synoptic stations (1989-2012) and 8 climatology stations (2008-2013) were used. Due to the date of the beginning of autumn rains, planting date was suggested for each region of the province. Then different types of probabilistic distributions were fitted to the planting date. The best statistical distribution was selected from the coefficient of determination and different growth stages of dryland wheat were determined. From the precipitation element, the required types of precipitation maps were extracted. Also from the temperature element, various temperature maps and temperature stresses were prepared. Finally, climatic zoning map of dry land wheat were extracted and from this map the areas with no potential of cultivation were omitted. The final map comprised four very good, good, medium and weak areas. And maps of zoning for 5 mm Precipitation revealed that very suitable area for cultivation of wheat was located in some parts of the Northwest, West and South west of Kermanshah province. And suitable areas, was in the Northwest, West, Southwest and medium areas was located in Southwest, West,Center, North, Northeast, and southeast, And weak areas are often located in center and northeast. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Investigating How to Improve Security in the Worn-out Spaces of the10th District of Tehran with an Emphasis On Sustainable Urban Environment With the C.P.T.E.D. Approach
rassa safaei namin ardalan bagher khojasteh sayed mohamad reza shahabi rasoul safaei naminToday, worn-out urban fabric is a source of crime and insecurity, and one of the approaches used to reduce the risks in these places is the CPTED approach. CPTED approach (crime prevention using environmental design) can be considered as a purposeful approach to efficie MoreToday, worn-out urban fabric is a source of crime and insecurity, and one of the approaches used to reduce the risks in these places is the CPTED approach. CPTED approach (crime prevention using environmental design) can be considered as a purposeful approach to efficient and intelligent design of environmental components by optimally using the artificial environment to reduce crime, which effectively increases social capital, improves quality of life and increases capital. Socially, it has a great impact. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate how to improve security in dilapidated spaces with emphasis on sustainable urban environment with the C.P.T.E.D approach. The research is descriptive and analytical and has been done in a library and field method using documentary sources and SPSS. The statistical population and the study area is Deh district of Tehran. The results show that the use of cpted approach in urban design and urban public spaces will increase social security in these spaces and, consequently, will improve the quality of life in these spaces for its residents. This is because the feeling of security as a mental matter is influenced by various social and psychological factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Effects of altitiudinal variation on physical and physiological characteristics of Alder seeds (Alnus Subcordata C.A.M) (Case study Vaz forest management plan-District 1)
ghahreman Rezai فرشاد Yezdian فرزاد farzad.shafizadeh@yahoo.com M.A HedayatiIn order to survey on trends of physical and physiological changes, Alder seeds were collected from different altitudes (200-2000 masl) with a 500 m intervals from Vaz watershed forests around Nour city, Mazandaran province. After cleaning, seed traits such as moisture MoreIn order to survey on trends of physical and physiological changes, Alder seeds were collected from different altitudes (200-2000 masl) with a 500 m intervals from Vaz watershed forests around Nour city, Mazandaran province. After cleaning, seed traits such as moisture content (MC%), 1000 seed weight (TSW), seed and fruit dimentions, germination and empty seed percent were determined at seed lab of Caspian forest tree seed centre. Data were analysed by One Way ANOVA based on Duncan test with SPSS. According to results of this survey, all traits were sensible at 99% except of germination (95%). As, the highest MC% were recorded at 1500 m.a.s.l (14%) and the lowest at 200, 2000 m.a.s.l (6.6, 7.2 res). 1000 SW were increased till 1500 masl, then reduced at 2000 m.a.s.l. The highest (0.18 gr) and the lowest (0.1 gr) TSW were recorded at 1500 and 200 m.a.s.l res. The longest (2 cm) and the widest (1.38 cm) fruit were grown at 1500 and the shortest (1.3 cm) and the narrowest (.74 cm) at 200 m.a.s.l. Germination didn't show any special corelation with altitude. The highest (62%) were registered at 1500 m.a.s.l and the lowest (23%) at 200 m.a.s.l. According to the resuts of germination the highest empty seeds (62%) were found at 200 m.a.s.l and the lowest (23%) At 1500 m.a.s.l. Results of this investigation showed that the quality of Alder seeds increased to 1500 m.a.s.l. and then decreased slightly. It seems that similar investigation on the seeds of this species in Caspian region conducted to preparing of seed quality map which is an indicator of forest quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Evaluation of growth Feature of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum trees using stem analysis
jamshid eslam dost hormoz sohrabi seyed mohsen hoseyniTree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and vo MoreTree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and volume growth of two fast growing species (namely Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum). After falling down the trees, 5 centimeter thick disks at 2 meter intervals were collected and transported to the laboratory. The thickness of the annual rings was measured in two perpendicular directions up to1millimeter precision. The results showed that the highest value of the current growth of diameter of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 4 and 6 year ages, respectively, equal to 1.5 and 5.4 cm and the highest value of the current basal area growth of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 9 and 10 year ages, respectively, equal to 0.1 and 0.14 square meters. Furthermore, the highest value of the current growth of height of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 6 and 9 year ages, respectively, with value of 1.3 m 3.1 m and the highest value of the current growth in the volume of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 8 and 12 year ages, with a value of 0.094 and 0.1 cubic meters, respectively. Finally, there would be concluded that both of these species in such sites can meet the environmental needs such as green spaces as well as economic goals such as commercial wood product. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Economic Evaluation LTT-100A skidding system in upward
نجیبه Gilanipour حمید AryaIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as t MoreIt is necessary to review and evaluate the operation of the system and determine appropriate methods forests due to topographic conditions are significant operational activities, products, transportation, and the road making the destructive activities of the Forest as the most expensive. In this study, Economic Evaluation to be considered LTT-100A skidding system upward. After field operation and time study, using the regression model, the model is proposed to predict skidding time. Among the components of each cycle skidding in Zetor, moving with load and moving empty most of the time per cycle and in the form of delays, technical delays included the most time. The model predicted the skidding time Zetor have meaningful skidding distance and slope. hourly production rate of 12/5 cubic meters per hour and the cost of producing these systems is achieved 119,795 rials per cubic meter. Because of the speed and its efficiency Zetor is low, thus in long intervals and in places where travel time is limited, use of this system is not recommended for skidding operations. But since the power of this machine is its high and rapid stabilization is done, the application of this system, is recommended to be combined with other systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and photosynthetic material remobilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions
Maryam Shirvanian Mani Mojaddam Shahram Lack Mojtaba Alavifazel Seyed Keyvan MarashiIn order to investigate the effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and remobilization of wheat photosynthetic materials under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete b MoreIn order to investigate the effect of humic acidic and cycocel on yield, yield components, and remobilization of wheat photosynthetic materials under end-of-the-season drought stress conditions, a split factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in field in Ahvaz during two years (2017-19). The main factor of drought stress at the end of the season with two levels of normal irrigation and cessation of irrigation in the post-pollination stage, cycocel with three levels of water as a control, 1.5 g/l, and 3 g/l, and humic acid with three levels of non-foliar application (water as control), 2 liters per hectare, and 4 liters per hectare were factorial sub-factors. Results showed that the interaction of end-of-the-season drought stress and cycocel on grain yield and number of grains per spike was significant. The highest grain yield (4840.5 kg ha-1) was obtained by applying 3 g/l cycocel under normal irrigation conditions, which did not show a statistically significant difference from the application of 3 g/l cycocel under drought stress at the end of the season. Application of humic acid had a positive and significant effect on all test traits. The highest grain yield, number of grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight were obtained from the application of 3 liters per hectare of humic acid under normal irrigation conditions. Under end-of-the season drought stress, the current photosynthesis and the share of current photosynthesis decreased by 29% and 10%, respectively while remobilization and contribution of remobilization increased by 16% and 34%, respectively. In general, to increase the rate of grain yield under optimal conditions and reduce the drop in stress conditions, growth regulators such as cycocel by a concentration of 3 g/l and organic acid fertilizer by the concentration of 4 liters per hectare are recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Investigation on Chemical Constituents of Essential oils from Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch from two local by Distillation methods
کامکار Jaimand mb Rezaee معصومه MazandraniThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation a MoreThe compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation and hydrodistillation), the percentage of oils for flower were 0/17% and 0.25% respectively, and calculated on the dry weight, and analysis by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents determined by hydrodistillation method in flower were p–cymene (33.3%), terpinolene (11.2%) and a-thujene (10.9%) and by steam distillation method in flower were p – cymene (22.1%), germacrene B (11%) and terpinolene (9.8%), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - An Evaluation of Environment Quality in Public Areas with an Emphasis on Rudaki and Azerbaijan Streets in North Salsabil Neighborhood Based on PPS (Public Spaces Projects)
Ali Movahhed Ali Shamaei Amir AssadiPublic spaces are places where people have the right to enter without being controlled; places such as streets, parks, squares, markets and mosques. Due to scale performance and broad range of contacts, these places have the highest share in the collective life of citiz MorePublic spaces are places where people have the right to enter without being controlled; places such as streets, parks, squares, markets and mosques. Due to scale performance and broad range of contacts, these places have the highest share in the collective life of citizens and help to create a healthy and flourished city. Therefore, improving the quality of these spaces will improve the quality of urban environment. The aim of this study is to investigate how to improve the quality of Azarbaijan and Rudaki Streets in Northern Sabalan neighborhood in the District 10 of Tehran. The research method is descriptive - analytical and the necessary data were collected through survey. The data for this study were collected using questionnaire. The statistical population includes residents of North Salsabil Neighborhood and the sampling was conducted using Cochran formula based on which 381 participants were selected. The variables based on PPS (Public Spaces Projects) consider these places successful in four key qualities: access and communication, usage and activities, sociability and comfort and finally phantasm. T-test was used to assess the quality and Pearson Test was used to assess the continuity of the criteria and finally Fridman test was used to prioritize the criteria. The results showed that due to density of their population, Rudaki and Azarbaijan streets were weak concerning the mentioned qualities. Therefore, to improve the quality of public spaces in the neighborhood, it is important to improve accessibility, connectivity, and adaptability of activities as well as to develop pedestrian paths, readability, efficiency, and to mix land uses in order to maintain public spaces in the neighborhood Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - A Model for Explaining Effective Factors in Accessing the Livable City )A Case Study of District 10 of Tehran(
Parivash Vahidifar Ali Asghar Rezvani Ali NorikermaniAchieving a livable city as an approach resulting from the theory of sustainable development is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate sustainable urban indicators and variables and provide a comprehensive model to explain the effecti MoreAchieving a livable city as an approach resulting from the theory of sustainable development is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate sustainable urban indicators and variables and provide a comprehensive model to explain the effective factors in achieving a livable city The statistical population of the study included the residents of District 10 of Tehran, and the research method was descriptive-analytical and a survey. The main instruments of data collection in this study were a questionnaire, interview, and observation. The results of statistical analysis showed that four social, economic, physical, and environmental factors play an important role in achieving a livable city, and the economy is the most important factor among the other factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The Effect of Cross-Rolling Process on Nanostructure of Al 1050 Alloy
Mohsen Asadi Asadabad Mohammad Jafari Eskandari Reza Tafrishi Mojtaba Bagherzadeh -
Open Access Article
108 - The effect of monetary policy on production and inflation in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market
Heidar Zobeidi Karim Emami Farhad Ghaffari The main purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of monetary policy shock on output and inflation variables in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market using the new Keynesian stochastic dynamic equilibrium mode More The main purpose of this paper is to explain the effect of monetary policy shock on output and inflation variables in the context of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market using the new Keynesian stochastic dynamic equilibrium model during the period 2008-2009. The results of solving the model showed that the existence of gender discrimination in the Iranian labor market as a destructive phenomenon leads to economic inefficiencies such as reduced wages for men and women, consumption, production and welfare. The results also showed that in the context of gender discrimination, the transmission of the expansionary monetary policy shock to the variables of production and inflation is weaker than the conditions of non-discrimination. Based on the results, awareness of the hidden economic and social angles of this phenomenon and sensitization to planning for maximum elimination through the enactment of laws and the creation of special women's unions and responsible control and monitoring of institutions involved in the real situation of women workers in the Iranian labor market is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Explaining the Nonlinear Effects of Government Fiscal Policy Instruments on Iran's Economic Growth in Times of Recession and Recession
shadi zandavar fatemeh zandi mohammad khezri mahnaz rabieiهدف این مقاله بررسی اثرگذاری سیاست مالی دولت بر رشد اقتصادی ایران طی دوره زمانی 1384:1-1397:1 با تواتر فصلی با استفاده از مدل مارکوف سوییچینگ است. نتایج حاصل از نسبت راست نمایی نشان داد سیاست مالی در ایران از نظام چرخشی مارکف تبعیت میکند. نتایج برای برخی از انواع مالی Moreهدف این مقاله بررسی اثرگذاری سیاست مالی دولت بر رشد اقتصادی ایران طی دوره زمانی 1384:1-1397:1 با تواتر فصلی با استفاده از مدل مارکوف سوییچینگ است. نتایج حاصل از نسبت راست نمایی نشان داد سیاست مالی در ایران از نظام چرخشی مارکف تبعیت میکند. نتایج برای برخی از انواع مالیاتها حاکی از متفاوت بودن تاثیرگذاری در حالت وجود نفت بوده است. در واقع خود نشان از اهمیت بررسی تاثیر مالیاتها به تفکیک بر رشد اقتصادی می-باشد. چنانچه دولت قصد اجرای سیاست مالی انبساطی از نوع افزایش مخارج را داشته باشد، بهتر است در رژیم رکودی این عمل صورت پذیرد زیرا تاثیر معناداری در این شرایط بر رشد اقتصادی ندارد. اما چنانچه سیاست مالی انبساطی از نوع کاهش مالیاتها مدنظر باشد بایستی بسته به نوع مالیات، بسته به سطح درآمدهای نفتی و همچنین رژیم حاکم بر رشد اقتصادی این مهم صورت پذیرد.طبقهبندی .G10, E62, C13:JEL واژگان کلیدی: اثرات غیرخطی، ابزارهای سیاست مالی، رشد اقتصادی ایران. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The Effect of OPEC Statements on Fluctuations in Crude Oil Prices
Fariba Shahbodaghlou Aliasghar Esmaeilnia gatabi azadeh mehrabian ROYA SEIFIPOUR The purpose of this article is to examine the effect of OPEC statements (whether increasing, decreasing or not changing supply) on oil price fluctuations in crude oil markets. For this purpose, conditional heterogeneity and variable control variance models have b More The purpose of this article is to examine the effect of OPEC statements (whether increasing, decreasing or not changing supply) on oil price fluctuations in crude oil markets. For this purpose, conditional heterogeneity and variable control variance models have been used to investigate the effect of statements on Brent and WTI crude oil price fluctuations during the period 1987-2019 based on the event analysis approach. The findings show that OPEC statements have a significant effect on the turmoil in the oil market, and the type of statements varies on crude oil market fluctuations, and this effect has diminished over time. Based on the results, members' solidarity in the field of planning and coordinated implementation of decisions for maximum impact on the crude oil market is proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - A Bargaining Game Model for Estimating Efficiency of the Multi-stage Network with Fixed Cost Allocation and its Applications
Kayvan Moradipour Sanaz Asadi Rahmati Elham Abdali In this paper, a bargaining game model is extended to evaluate the efficiency of decision making units with a multi-stage network structure. Moreover, each stage of network data envelopment analysis (DEAN) is considered as a game player. Accordingly, the allocated More In this paper, a bargaining game model is extended to evaluate the efficiency of decision making units with a multi-stage network structure. Moreover, each stage of network data envelopment analysis (DEAN) is considered as a game player. Accordingly, the allocated fixed cost is divided among all the stages such that the best allocation is made to the best stage. With a newer idea, the intermediate stage in the data envelopment analysis of three-stage networks is considered as a common player in the bargaining game, so that the stage plays a significant role in maximizing the performance of network. Next, an alternative approach to allocating a common fixed cost in a multi-stage network based on the bargaining game is proposed. Finally, as direct apllication of the performance of the proposed models some examples are given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Role of Government under Pandemic Disease Conditions
Ali Keshavarzi Hamid Reza Horry seied abdolmajid jalaee sfand abadi Meysam Rafei mahdi nejatiThe purpose of this article is to understand the effect of the outbreak of infectious diseases on the economy and also to analysis the role of government under pandemic crisis conditions. For this purpose, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is used. After ca MoreThe purpose of this article is to understand the effect of the outbreak of infectious diseases on the economy and also to analysis the role of government under pandemic crisis conditions. For this purpose, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is used. After calibrating the parameters based on the quarterly information of Iran's economy during the period of 1991-2016, in the baseline scenario, it is assumed that the government has no involvement in the economy; In other words, the government pursues a state of fiscal passivity and shows no fiscal reaction to the change in endogenous variables after the outbreak of pandemic disease. Subsequently, in other scenarios, the government reacts fiscally to the outbreak of the pandemic, given the different conditions of production and public liability. The results of the study of fiscally active scenarios compared to the state of fiscal passivity indicate that the effect of government expenditures shock as a standard deviation on macroeconomic variables under pandemic disease conditions, has led to much less feedback. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Effect of the Comparative Advantage of Economic Activities on the GDP of the Provinces
Seiedeh Narges Aghamohammadi Golamali Haji hadi ghafari peyman ghafari ashtianiAlthough economic growth is affected by the growth of factors of production, but according to the pattern of endogenous growth, other variables also affect economic growth. In this study, the effect of the comparative advantage of different activities on the GDP of the MoreAlthough economic growth is affected by the growth of factors of production, but according to the pattern of endogenous growth, other variables also affect economic growth. In this study, the effect of the comparative advantage of different activities on the GDP of the provinces in the period 2004-2014 has been used. For this purpose, the data of statistical yearbooks and regional accounts of the Statistics Center of Iran for 30 provinces have been used. The estimation of the models has been evaluated in the form of a dynamic panel model using the GMM technique. The results of estimating the models confirm that the comparative advantage index in the three major sectors of agriculture, construction and services have a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of the provinces by 0.49, 0.08 and 0.07 percent, respectively. While the index of comparative advantage of industry, mining and energy sector shows a negative impact of 0.15 on the economic growth of the provinces, this negative impact can be due to the greater impact of other sectors on the GDP of the provinces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Estimation of Urban and Rural Poverty and Inequality concerning Hormozgan Province compared with the Country as a Whole
Hosein Heidari esmael aboonoori Ahmad Jafari Samimi younes nademiIn this paper we have estimated the urban and rural poverty and inequality trends for the important Hormozgan province and for the country as a whole concerning the period 1984-2019. Doing so, we have used the micro income-expenditure survey data published annuall MoreIn this paper we have estimated the urban and rural poverty and inequality trends for the important Hormozgan province and for the country as a whole concerning the period 1984-2019. Doing so, we have used the micro income-expenditure survey data published annually by the Statistical Center of Iran and estimated the non-parametric Gini coefficient, poverty line and then poverty gaps. Then, in order to compare the urban and rural poverty as well as inequality levels regarding Hormozgan with that of the country as a whole, we have used 6 simple regression ANOVA models. The results indicate that the urban poverty and inequality levels have been significantly lower than that of in the rural areas. Poverty in Hormozgan urban and rural areas have been significantly more than urban and rural areas of the country as a whole, respectively. However, the Inequality in Hormozgan urban and rural areas have significantly less than those in the country as a whole, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - The Role of Economic and Environmental Policies on Preventing Air Pollution
Marziyeh Sadat Vahabzadeh Moghadam Karim Eami Farzaneh Haju HassaniThe purpose of the article is to investigate the role of economic and environmental policies on preventing air pollution using the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model during the period of 1990-2019. Based on the results of the model, the economic policy MoreThe purpose of the article is to investigate the role of economic and environmental policies on preventing air pollution using the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model during the period of 1990-2019. Based on the results of the model, the economic policy shock causes a sudden increase in economic growth and consumption and then their decrease; However, the economic policy shock increases air pollution. The shock of environmental policies, firstly, increases consumption and economic growth and then decreases them. Investment also decreases as a result of the shock of environmental policies. Based on the results of variance analysis, the role of economic policies for the country's economic situation and creating air pollution is greater than environmental policies. The role of environmental policies in reducing air pollution is less than the role of economic policies in increasing air pollution. It is suggested that when the government increases its expenditures, it imposes green taxes or carbon emission taxes at a lower rate than the increase in government expenditures so that the economic growth of the country will continue to be maintained along with the reduction of environmental pollution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - To Analyze Entry Barrier and Price in the Industry of Custom-Purpose Applications
Kiumars Shahbazi jalil badpeymaAbstract The aim of this article is reducing the custom applied softwares cost. For this purpose, this research models the cost of related softwares by means of static bayesian game and assuming the computer companies awareness toward future demand. The results show if MoreAbstract The aim of this article is reducing the custom applied softwares cost. For this purpose, this research models the cost of related softwares by means of static bayesian game and assuming the computer companies awareness toward future demand. The results show if an applicant firm, for custom-purpose software, demand its application in two or more stages, price competition of computer companies to attain future profits cause price reduction in bidding stage and its increase after bidding stages. With increase in demand stages, not only the maximum entry forestalling price, but also entry barriers being increase. Based on results, the buyer firms are suggested to complete their software requirement before purchasing and announce the producers from future demands such that the price of the software reduces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Sectoral tariffs and geographic distribution of agricultural downstream industries:Evidence of Iran’provinces
mansour ardeshiri Reza Moghaddasi Saeed Yazdani amir mohamadinejadIn this paper, within the framework of the theory of "new economic geography”(NEG), we evaluated the effect of sectoral tariffs on the geographic distribution of agricultural downstream industries in the provinces of Iran.Midelfart-Knarviket et al.(200 MoreIn this paper, within the framework of the theory of "new economic geography”(NEG), we evaluated the effect of sectoral tariffs on the geographic distribution of agricultural downstream industries in the provinces of Iran.Midelfart-Knarviket et al.(2000) approach was usedto test the research hypothesis.In this approach, the perspective of industrial activity location is determined by the multifactor interactions between regional and industrial characteristics.Accordingly, the econometric model by fixed effects method has been estimated using the industrial and regional data of 33 agricultural downstream industries 4-digit code of ISIC classification during the period of 2004-2014 in 28 provinces of Iran.The results show that sectoral tariffs have a significant effect on the industrial location pattern in agricultral downstream industries of Iran; This means that the implementation of supportive policies has led to an increase in the agglomeration in some provinces and the formation of a core-periphery pattern in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Effect of Inflation on Solvency of Insurance Companies in Iran
Hossein Raghfar esmael safarzadeh Maryam QafourboroujerdiThe target of this article is to investigate the effect of inflation on the solvency of insurance companies in Iran. In this regard, panel data regression models was used to specify the model study from 1391 to 1394. The results show that inflation, current ratio and eq MoreThe target of this article is to investigate the effect of inflation on the solvency of insurance companies in Iran. In this regard, panel data regression models was used to specify the model study from 1391 to 1394. The results show that inflation, current ratio and equity ratio have positive and significant effect on solvency, while loss coefficient and reserves ratio have negative effect on solvency. According to the results, it is suggested that insurance companies change their activities from leveraged companies to capital based ones; consider reserves in another part of balance sheet except for the liabilities part; describe a range as the optimal range of current ratio and define some groups of premium related to the average damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Education Demand and the Share of Educational in Income Inequality
Ali Falahati Shahram Fatahi Younes Goli Somayeh Goli Abstract This paper, by using household micro-level data over 2010-2014 and utilizing the generalized Logit model and Oaxaca-blinder and Machado-Mata decomposition, investigates the factor affecting educational demands and determining the share of education in More Abstract This paper, by using household micro-level data over 2010-2014 and utilizing the generalized Logit model and Oaxaca-blinder and Machado-Mata decomposition, investigates the factor affecting educational demands and determining the share of education in income inequality. The results show that increase the parents’ years of educational and decrease in number of children lead to increase the educational demand. The results of decomposition models, also, indicate the share of education in income inequality at the bottom deciles of income is 0.6 and at the top deciles is 2.5 percent. Averagely, the share of education in income inequality in 2010 was equal to 1.46 and in 2014 to 3.26 percent. To increase the efficiency of education in the country, the policies such as creation increase the relationship between university and industry, quality of education and increase investment in sectors whit higher forward and backward linkage is advised. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The Relationship between Efficiency and Industrial Concentration of Food and Beverage Industries in Iran
K. soheili SH. Fattahi M.S zabihi dan M. hadizadeganIn this paper, the relationship between scale efficiency and industrial concentration of 22 food and beverages industries are studied during 1997-2007. In this regard, the scale efficiency is calculated firstly. Then, industrial concentration is assessed by using Herfin MoreIn this paper, the relationship between scale efficiency and industrial concentration of 22 food and beverages industries are studied during 1997-2007. In this regard, the scale efficiency is calculated firstly. Then, industrial concentration is assessed by using Herfindahl- Hirschman index. Furthermore, by the help of Granger causality test, the causality relationship between scale efficiency and concentration variables is determined. The results of this research indicate that there is one-sided causality from concentration toward efficiency. Estimated Panel model confirms the validity of QL theory using 2SLS approach and shows that the increase of concentration reduces the efficiency of food and beverage industries in Iran. Thus, in order to increase the efficiency of food and beverage industries, policy makings should be focused on reducing concentration in these industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The Influence of Volatility Structural Changes on Shock Transmission and Volatility Spillover between Gold and Stock Markets in Iran
zahra (mila) elmi esmaiel aboonouri saeed rasekhi mohamadmehdi shahraziThis study investigates the effect of volatility structural changes on the shock transmission and volatility Spillover between gold and stock markets in Iran during 2007-2013. For this purpose, firstly, we will detect the time periods of structural breaks in volatility MoreThis study investigates the effect of volatility structural changes on the shock transmission and volatility Spillover between gold and stock markets in Iran during 2007-2013. For this purpose, firstly, we will detect the time periods of structural breaks in volatility of gold and stock returns endogenously using the standard and modified iterated cumulated sums of squares (ICSS) algorithm. Then, this information incorporates to model the volatility process. The application of bi-variate GARCH model in off-diagonal BEKK parameterization suggest that shock transmission and volatility spillover between gold and stock markets is bidirectional in Iran. Also, based on the present research findings, ignoring or incorrect detection of structural breaks mislead the researcher about the direction of volatility transmission between gold and stock markets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Inter-fuel Substitution in OECD and its Effects on the Fluctuations of Iran's Petroleum Exports
teymoor mohammadi hamid amadeh fereidoon barkashli dariush vafinajarIn this paper, based on the importance of Inter-fuel substitution, the researcher try to study the changes in Inter-fuel substitution in OECD and then to answer the question that "whether it has any effect on the fluctuation of Iran's petroleum exports in this market or MoreIn this paper, based on the importance of Inter-fuel substitution, the researcher try to study the changes in Inter-fuel substitution in OECD and then to answer the question that "whether it has any effect on the fluctuation of Iran's petroleum exports in this market or not?" By using Linear Dynamic Logit model based on the equations of fuel and SURE to investigate inter-fuel substitution through four fuels including oil, gas, coal and electricity represent that the electricity and gas is the most intensive in short and long-term alternative to oil. The estimation of this system as simultaneous to MSI model for Iran's oil exports in OECD market indicate that these substitutions affect the fluctuations of Iranian petroleum exports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Modeling Equity Premium Puzzle by Using Fuzzy Logic: A Number of Evidences from Iran
Alireza Erfani Solmaz SafariThis paper is intended to study the equity premium puzzle in basis of Consumption Capital Asset Pricing model in the period 1371-1393 in Iran seasonally. The results confirm the puzzle in the period. Consequently the paper introduces and proposes an experimental and the MoreThis paper is intended to study the equity premium puzzle in basis of Consumption Capital Asset Pricing model in the period 1371-1393 in Iran seasonally. The results confirm the puzzle in the period. Consequently the paper introduces and proposes an experimental and theoretical model to explain equity premium through Consumption Capital Asset Pricing model in habits formation model and combination of financial and economy regimes by Fuzzy Logic. Results derived from proposed model showed that equity premium and risk aversion have a counter- cyclical relation with economic regimes; so that in recession regime and reducing market, consumption news increase relative risk aversion and equity premium. In this regime, the individual prefers to adventure only in lieu of high level of compensation and he or she also intends to allocate the funds into more certain fields such as bank deposits. While consumption news in the period of boom in economy and increasing market, decrease risk aversion and equity premium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The Effect of Crime on the Development Convergence of the Provinces of Iran: An Application of Spatial Econometrics
Seyed Aziz Arman VAHID KAFILI Hasaan Farazmand Hosein MoltafetThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of crime deterrence (Internal Security) on the convergence of development between the provinces of Iran (during the period 1375 to 1390, respectively). Estimation of convergence equation inspired by Solo- Swan neocl MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of crime deterrence (Internal Security) on the convergence of development between the provinces of Iran (during the period 1375 to 1390, respectively). Estimation of convergence equation inspired by Solo- Swan neoclassical growth theory and using spatial econometrics indicates that while there is no a significant deterrent effect of crime index on the speed of development, convergence of development between the provinces of Iran occur. The existence of convergence among provinces, indicates the success of regional development policy in reducing regional inequality. Non-significant impact of crime in the development process could be due to the huge role of government in the development process and also the lack of enough threshold of crime density for the provinces of Iran. It is recommended that as in the past, regional development policies regardless of the crime density in the provinces continue and this insignificance, lack of seriousness in controlling crime and the causes of crime politicians not to follow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Economic Loss of Dust Storms in Iran West Provinces Case Study of Ilam, Khuzestan and Kermanshah
Kouh Sar KhalediDust storm has made massive loss in west and south provinces of Iran during 2000s. In this study, the damages or losses caused by dust storms will be evaluated in the economy of highly vulnerable regions including Ilam, Khuzestan and Kermanshah during 2006-2011 using pa MoreDust storm has made massive loss in west and south provinces of Iran during 2000s. In this study, the damages or losses caused by dust storms will be evaluated in the economy of highly vulnerable regions including Ilam, Khuzestan and Kermanshah during 2006-2011 using parametric methods. The total economic losses of agricultural productions in these provinces has been estimated about 2,227 million dollars under the conditions of the first scenario and about 13,361 million dollars under the conditions of the fourth scenario. In 2009, each day off caused by dust storm in three provinces officially announced by local government has totally made 142 million dollars loss based on provincial value added and 66 million dollars loss based on average national value added. Following up the natural rights of citizens through regional and international organizations, implementing the crisis management, encouraging Iraq government to control the dust centers and supporting completely the economic actors, especially the farmers in provinces affected by the dust storms are recommended to solve the problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Analysis of Home Market Effect: with Emphasis on Foreign Trade behavior Iran’s Manufacturing Sector
ali falahati mojtaba almasi yahya goliAbstract The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the home market effect hypothesis on Iran's industry. Accordingly, International Standard Industry Classification (ISIC) two‐digit data of the Iranian industry sector and five major trading partners from 2001 to 2014 MoreAbstract The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the home market effect hypothesis on Iran's industry. Accordingly, International Standard Industry Classification (ISIC) two‐digit data of the Iranian industry sector and five major trading partners from 2001 to 2014 and the general equilibrium model with the assumption of incomplete competition have been used. The estimation results showed that the home market effect on the total industry has been confirmed. The results also showed that home market effect was positive in 17 out of 21 studied sectors. Therefore, the expansion of domestic demand in various industrial sectors with protectionism of competitiveness along with the strengthening of intra-industry trade with similar demand structure countries can provide a platform for better penetration in international markets and lead to sustainable growth of industrial exports in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The Home Market Effect on Exports and Manufacturing Products in Iran
Rahman Saadat Esmaeil Abounoori Saeed Rasekhi mohammad reza mardaniAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the home market effect in the monopolistic competition market in Iran. The home market effect was investigated in 12 industries based on ISIC two-digit classification published provincially by the Iranian Statistics MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the home market effect in the monopolistic competition market in Iran. The home market effect was investigated in 12 industries based on ISIC two-digit classification published provincially by the Iranian Statistics Center for the period 2001 to 2013. Results show that home market effect exist only in the industry of "production of motor vehicles, trailer and semi-trailer". Therefore, high demand for the products of this industry can lead to exports. In other industries, relatively high demand for the products of these industries in country will generally lead to be a net importer of these goods. Based on the results, investment in the industry, which has the home market effect, is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Thickness Variation in the Spinning Process of Al-1060 Alloy
Mohammad Honarpisheh Shayan Namazikhah Iman Alinaghian -
Open Access Article
129 - Analyzing the Failure of Deal of Century in Making Peace
Ehsan Ejazi mehdi lakziThe Trump administration has promised to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Middle East by implementing the Deal of Century. Given the lack of acceptance of this plan, not only by the Palestinians but also by the United States, the main question of this researc MoreThe Trump administration has promised to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Middle East by implementing the Deal of Century. Given the lack of acceptance of this plan, not only by the Palestinians but also by the United States, the main question of this research is: to what extent implementation of Deal of Century can be successful? The hypothesis of this study is as follows: due to lack of attention to the real roots of the conflict, special attention to Israeli interests, disregard for Palestinian rights, drafting a plan without negotiating with the Palestinian side, the inability of the United States to implement some provisions of the plan, the opposition of the Arab League and the European Union, this plan is not feasible and if some of its provisions are implemented unilaterally, it will only increase tensions in the Middle East. The authors have used the model of "resolving territorial disputes" to analyze the probability of success of this project using analytical and descriptive methods. Finally, the authors conclude that to achieve peace in the Middle East, an alternative plan must be considered that would ensure the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Preparation, characterization and testing the catalytic activity of a new acidic ionic liquid in multicomponent reactions
Abdolkarim Zare Elaheh Sharif Azam Arghoon Marzieh Ghasemi Bentolhoda Dehghani Sorayya Ahmad-Zadeh Fatemeh Zarei -
Open Access Article
131 - Environmentally benign synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives using 10-molybdo-2-vanadophosphoric acid as an efficient and reusable catalyst under solvent-free condition
Laxmikant Chavan Bhagwat Nagolkar Trimbak Chondhekar Sunil Shankarwar -
Open Access Article
132 - Multi-component preparation of diethyl/methyl 1,3-diaryl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine-4,5-dicarboxylates using hydrated phosphomolybdic acid as an efficient catalyst
Mehdi Abaszadeh Mohammad Seifi Majid Ghashang -
Open Access Article
133 - Sol-gel synthesis of nanoporous γ-alumina using TX-100 or gelatin/TX-100 mixture as effective catalysts for dehydration of alcohols
Soheyl Alidoust Mehdi Zamani Morteza Jabbari -
Open Access Article
134 - Cr-Based Metal-Organic Framework (MOFs): As a multiporpose catalyst
Zahra Torkashvand -
Open Access Article
135 - 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) as a cheap and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of polyhydroquinolines and 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydro [a] xanthene-11-ones
Farhad Shirini Gholam Hossein Imanzadeh Masoumeh Abedini Parisa Ghods Ghasemabadi -
Open Access Article
136 - Triethylamine-bonded sulfonic acid {[Et3N-SO3H]Cl} as an efficient and homogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen-11-ones
Abdolkarim Zare Roghayyeh Khanivar Maria Merajoddin Masoud Kazem-Rostami Mohammad Mahdi Ahmad-Zadeh Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare Alireza Hasaninejad -
Open Access Article
137 - بررسی و تحلیل کارآیی ضوابط شهرسازی در ساخت و ساز شهری (منطقه یک شهرداری تهران)
مهرداد کبیری حمیدرضا جودکی علیرضا استعلاجی -
Open Access Article
138 - کاربرد و تحلیل فضای سبز منطقه 10 کلان شهر تهران (با تاکید بر ارائه مدل علمی کاربردی)
محمود وارسته ناصر اقبالی -
Open Access Article
139 - Criticism of Jung Sharaf
vahid barzegarJung Sharaf is a collection containing the poems of poets from the 5th century to the end of the 10th century, written by Abd al-Rahman bin Sharaf. This collection can be divided into several parts, firstly, the sonnets written by poets of the 9th and especially the 10t MoreJung Sharaf is a collection containing the poems of poets from the 5th century to the end of the 10th century, written by Abd al-Rahman bin Sharaf. This collection can be divided into several parts, firstly, the sonnets written by poets of the 9th and especially the 10th century. Another part of this collection includes Jami's sonnets, which have been included in the edition in a special way due to the scribe's attention to Jami, and the final part contains the poem of Yusuf and Zulikhai Jami. The importance of this war lies in the choices of the writer, who has the poetic taste of the 10th century people in his heart, the existence of poets that we do not know about, examples of special poems, including a poem with an Indian line, and examples of this kind have added to the importance of the topic. . In this research, we try to examine this war from the point of view of stylistics and literary criticism and to analyze the writer's perspective in the selection of poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - تأثیر مکملسازی کوآنزیم کیو 10 بر عملکرد رشد، فعالیت آنزیمی و برخی فراسنجههای خونی در جوجههای گوشتی درگیر با سندرم افزایش فشار خونی ریوی (آسیت)
M. Fathiمطالعه حاضر برای بررسی اثرات مکمل­سازی کوآنزیم کیو 10 بر فعالیت آنزیم و فراسنجه­های خونی در جوجههای گوشتی درگیر با سندرم آسیت، انجام شد. 240 جوجه گوشتی نر سویه راس 308 به طور کاملاً تصادفی به 3 تیمار و برای هر تیمار 4 تکرار اختصاص یافتند. از روز 14 آزمایش، مقا Moreمطالعه حاضر برای بررسی اثرات مکمل­سازی کوآنزیم کیو 10 بر فعالیت آنزیم و فراسنجه­های خونی در جوجههای گوشتی درگیر با سندرم آسیت، انجام شد. 240 جوجه گوشتی نر سویه راس 308 به طور کاملاً تصادفی به 3 تیمار و برای هر تیمار 4 تکرار اختصاص یافتند. از روز 14 آزمایش، مقادیر0، 20 و 40 میلی­گرم به کیلوگرم خوراک پایه اضافه شد. همزمان هم با اعمال تیمارها، جهت القای آسیت، دمای سالن پرورشی به 15-10 درجه سانتیگراد کاهش یافت و این دما تا روز 42 حفظ گردید. تلفات نیر برای تشخیص دلیل مرگ و تعیین تلفات آسیتی به طور روزانه بررسی شدند. آزمایشات خونی، بیوشیمایی و پاتولوژیکی برای تشخص آسیت عبارت بودند از کل گلبولهای قرمز (RBC)، هموگلوبین (HGB)، هماتوکریت (HCT)، پروتئین و گلوکز خون، فعالیت آنزیم­های آلانین آمینوترانسفراز (ALT)، آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز (AST) و لاکتات دهیدروژناز (LDH). نمونه برداری از خون در روزهای 21 و 42 انجام شد. در پایان آزمایش، از هر قفس، 2 جوجه، به طور تصادفی انتخاب شده و بعد از کشتار، قبل آنها برداشته شد و بطن راست و بطن چپ از ناحیه سپتوم، جدا گشته و نسبت بطن راست به کل بطنها (RV/TV)، نیز محاسبه گشت. میانگین خوراک مصرفی، افزایش وزن حاصله و ضریب تبدیل غذایی نیز به طور هفتگی، از روز 15، اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که، مکمل­سازی 40 میلی­گرم کوآنزیم­کیو 10، سبب بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی شد (05/0P<). علاوه بر این، مکمل­سازی 40 میلی­گرم کوآنزیم ­کیو 10 در پرندگان سبب کاهش معنی­دار گلبول ­قرمز، گلوکز و پروتئین خون و هم چنین فعالیت آنزیم لاکتات­ دهیدروژناز پلاسما گشت. بین هموگلوبین و هماتوکریت خون پرندگان تیمارهای مختلف اختلاف معنی­داری مشاهده نشد. همچنین، سطح 40 میلی­گرم کوآنزیم­ کیو 10 سبب کاهش معنی­دار مالون ­دی­آلدئید (MDA)، تلفات آسیتی و شاخص نسبت بطن راست به کل بطن شد. نتیجه­گیری اینکه کوآنزیم­ کیو 10 می­تواند با اثرات آنتی ­اکسیدانی سبب ایجاد محافظت از سلولهای قلبی و گلبول قرمز شده واز تلفات آسیتی در جوجه­های گوشتی جلوگیری نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Semen Characteristics and Oxidative/Antioxidati in Semen and Serum of Male Rabbits Supplemented with Antioxidants during Heat Stress
M.M. El-Tohamy M.S. Kotp W.S. El-Nattat A.H. Mohamed -
Open Access Article
142 - تأثیر افزودن کوآنزیم Q10 و الایژیک اسید در طی حفاظت انجمادی بر کیفیت منی یخگشایی شده قوچ
ح. دقیقکیا ز. بلوکی ح. واثقی دودران م. مهدیپورهدف این مطالعه تعیین اثرات کوآنزیم Q10 و اسید الایژیک بر روی پارامترهای اسپرم قوچ قزل بعد از فرآیند انجماد-یخگشایی بود. در این مطالعه 20 دفعه نمونه منی از 5 رأس قوچ قزل اخذ گردید. برای نمونههای منی رقیق شده با لستین سویا مقادیر 25/0 میلیمولار از الایژیک اسید، 5/0 می Moreهدف این مطالعه تعیین اثرات کوآنزیم Q10 و اسید الایژیک بر روی پارامترهای اسپرم قوچ قزل بعد از فرآیند انجماد-یخگشایی بود. در این مطالعه 20 دفعه نمونه منی از 5 رأس قوچ قزل اخذ گردید. برای نمونههای منی رقیق شده با لستین سویا مقادیر 25/0 میلیمولار از الایژیک اسید، 5/0 میکرومولار کوآنزیم کیوتن، 25/0 میلیمولار از الایژیک اسید + 5/0 میکرومولار کوآنزیم کیوتن و یک نمونه بدون اکسیدان (کنترل) اضافه شده، پس از خنک شدن تا 4 درجه سانتیگراد، بداخل پایوت­های فرانسوی 25/0 میلیلیتری کشیده شده و پس از انجماد در ازت مایع نگهداری شدند. پس از یخ­گشایی نمونههای منی، ویژگی­های حرکتی، یکپارچگی غشاء، ناهنجاری­های مورفولوژیکی اسپرمها، پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی و فعالیت­های آنتی اکسیدانی (گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی تام) نمونههای منی ارزیابی شدند. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که در نمونههای دریافت کننده 5/0 میکرومولار کوآنزیم کیوتن پارامترهای زنده­مانی و تحرک کل بهبود یافته، میزان اسپرمهای غیر طبیعی کاهش یافته و نیز پارامترهای خطی بودن جنبایی (LIN)، میانگین سرعت در مسیر منحنی (VCL)، سرعت در مسیر مستقیم (VSL) و میانگین سرعت در مسیر (VAP) بهبود یافتند (05/0>P). در نمونه­های دریافتکننده الایژیک اسید و یا ترکیبی از الایژیک اسید و کوآنریم Q10 (25/0 میلیمولار الایژیک اسید+5/0 میکرومولار کوآنزیم Q10)، پارامترهای زنده­مانی و تحرک کل بهبود پیدا کردند (05/0>P). میزان سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز تفاوت معنی­داری بین نمونه­های دریافتکننده دو آنتی اکسیدان نسبت به گروه شاهد نداشت. میتوان نتیجه گرفت که افزودن 5/0 میکرومولار از کوآنزیم Q10 باعث بهبود کیفیت منی قوچ پس از فرآیند انجماد یخ­گشای شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Gonadotropin-Releasing Response to Kisspeptin-10 and Its Modulation by Progesterone in Postpartum Cyclic Cows
A. Ezzat Ahmed Y. Goto H. Saito T. Sawada J. Jin T. Hirata T. Hashizume -
Open Access Article
144 - Measurement of social sustainability rate in rural areas Using Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy TOPSIS techniques (Case study: The rural-ship of PaeenVelayat in Kashmar Township)
elyas chehrazi ali Monazzam esmailpour mehdi ghanei zareThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate ut MoreThe concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate utilization of resources and the creation relationship balance and equitable between human, society and nature, the ideal aim development planners and managers, particularly rural development is to be considered. Rural population our, affect under trends and policy of recent decades transformations has been widely, but evidences show that rural areas tend to move toward instability – particulary social instability. Accordingly with reviewing theories of sustainable development and social sustainability, we designed a questionnaire in order to measure subjective social sustainability criteria of rural areas which its criteria has been valued using Fuzzy Delphi method and subsequently Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used in order to analyze the villages over 1000 residents of PaeenVelayat rural district and in order to achieve this goal we distributed 384 samples among mentioned villagers of rural district. The methodology of research is Descriptive-Analytical. Results show that all social sustainability subjective criteria of Kasrineh and ZendehJan are placed in sustainable cluster, but the village AshratAbad zard are placed at least sustainable cluster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Investigating factors influencing social capital increasing and its relationship with the rehabilitation and modernization of worn out textures (Case Study: Region 10 of Tehran municipality
ahmad pourahmad Mohammad Sina Shahsavari Asghar HeydariIntroduction:Today, one of the challenges facing urban management is worn-out urban fabric. Utilizing the capacities of the people and social capital facilitates the achievement of the goal of modernization and organization of these structures for urban management.Purpo MoreIntroduction:Today, one of the challenges facing urban management is worn-out urban fabric. Utilizing the capacities of the people and social capital facilitates the achievement of the goal of modernization and organization of these structures for urban management.Purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the increase of social capital and its relationship with the renovation of worn-out tissues.Methodology: The method of this research is descriptive-analytic and based on library and statistical information. Initial information was collected by documentary and survey as well as a questionnaire. The collected data were processed by using SPSS and Smart PLS software.Geographical area of the research: The geographical area of the present study is region 10 of Tehran Municipality, which with a population of 327,115 people, has a significant area of worn-out structures in Tehran.Results and discussion: Findings show that there is a positive correlation between the components of social capital and renovation based on Pearson correlation test from weak to moderate level. Also, PLS path modeling and multivariate regression test show that the components of institutional trust, social interactions and interpersonal trust have more effect and the component of religious participation has less effect on the renovation of worn-out urban structures, respectively.Conclusion: The results show that there is a significant relationship between social capital and renovation of worn-out tissues. They also show that the components of social capital have different levels of impact on the renovation of worn-out tissues, which can be improved by planning to upgrade and organize these components. Worn out accelerated the study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Morphophysiological Response of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) to Foliar Application of Iron Nano Chelate and Zinc Nano Chelate
Hamidreza Javanmard sadaf farahani Hossein Ali Asadi-GharnehThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc nanochlate treatments including control (foliar application with distilled water), concentrations of iron and zinc nanocholate (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/l) on morphological characte MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc nanochlate treatments including control (foliar application with distilled water), concentrations of iron and zinc nanocholate (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/l) on morphological characteristics of coriander in 2019-2020 performed in a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 3 replications in experimental plots. The results showed that the highest amount of chlorophyll a, total and carotenoids was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate and the highest amount of chlorophyll b was obtained in the treatments of 2 g/l iron and zinc nanoclate. The highest leaf area was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate with an amount of 3230 cm2. The highest number of umbel was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l iron nanoclate with 25.33. The highest plant height was obtained in the treatment of 2 g/l zinc nanoclate with a rate of 102.33 cm. The highest 1000-seed weight , highest number of seeds per umbel and the highest number of sub-branches of the plant(with the amount of 11.33) was obtained in the treatments of 2 g/l zinc and iron nanoclate. In general, the results of this study confirm that foliar application of iron and zinc nanoclate treatments had an effect on the growth properties of coriander, so according to the results and considering the positive effect of the studied treatments, it can be Suggested application of iron and zinc nanoclates in coriander nutritional programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Investigation of combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Alireza Shokouhfar Sahar KhaniIn order to study the combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three repl MoreIn order to study the combined effect of biological and chemical fertilizers of phosphorus and nitrogen on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower, this experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in a field in Izeh County during 2017 cropping season. The experiment treatments included phosphorous fertilizer in 4 levels (totally, triple superphosphate fertilizer as base, 70% triple superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer, 40% triple superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer, entirely through fertile-2 phosphate biological fertilizer) and nitrogen fertilizer in 3 levels (entirely through the urea fertilizer, 70% urea fertilizer and the remaining throughazotobacter, 40% urea fertilizer and the remaining through azotobacter). The results showed that the effects of biological and chemical fertilizer phosphorus and nitrogen significantly increased grain weight, seed yield and oil yield. The highest seed yield was for 70% superphosphate fertilizer treatment and the remaining for fertile-2 and 70% urea fertilizer and the rest for azotobacter respectively 3170 and 2736 kilogram in hectare and the lowest one was in the treatment of fertile-2 entirely biological fertilizer and 40% urea along with azotobacter respectively with 2173and 2506 kilogram in hectare. With regard to these results, application of 70% superphosphate fertilizer and the remaining through fertile-2 phosphorous biological fertilizer and 70% urea fertilizer and the rest throughazotobacterrelative to other treatments caused qualitative and quantitative yield increase in sunflower and is recommended in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Investigating the effects of various amounts of urea fertilizer and sugar cane filter on yield and functional parameters of wheat bread
Ahmed Al Kathir Teimour Babaeinejad Ali GholamiIn order to investigate the effect of different amounts of chemical fertilizers (urea) and organic (sugar cane filter) on wheat yield, an experiment was conducted in 2014 as split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the land cultivati MoreIn order to investigate the effect of different amounts of chemical fertilizers (urea) and organic (sugar cane filter) on wheat yield, an experiment was conducted in 2014 as split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the land cultivation plant of Haft Tape sugar cane (Shush) was implemented. Sugar cane filter fertilizer was used in four levels (without filter cake (T1), 20 t / ha (T2), 40 t / ha (T3) and 60 t / ha (T4) as the main factor and Fertilizer urea was considered as a sub factor in there levels of fertilizer: No-fertilizer (N1), 100 kg/ha (N2) and 200 kg / ha (N3). The results of analysis of variance of treatments showed that the effect of sugar cane filter at 5% probability level and fertilizer urea at 1% probability level was significant for all studied traits except for 1000 seed weight. Also, interaction of treatments on yield and yield components of wheat was not significant. The results of the comparison of the mean of the data showed that the increase of sugar cane filter as a organic matter to soil, plant height, spike length, spikelet number per spike, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per square meter, 1000 grain weight, grain yield per square meter and harvest index significantly increased. The treatment of 60 tons of filter cake per hectare increased seed yield by about 137. 6 gr/m2 (from 648.4 to 510.5 gr/m2), equivalent to 21.2% of the control (without filter cake). Using Urea fertilizer, the measured traits significantly increased compared to the control. The application of urea fertilizer at 200 and 100 kg/ha increased grain yields of 228.5 and 201.3 gr/m², equaling 33.6% and 32.6%, respectively. In general, the results showed that increasing the use of urea and organic fertilizers has led to a significant increase in growth and functional attributes, and the best treatment for chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers is 200 kg/ha and 60 T/ha of filter cake, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions
Fatemeh Tourfi Alireza Shokuhfar2*In order to effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. main plots consisted: full irrigation, n MoreIn order to effect of humic acid on yield, yield components and physiological parameters of wheat in deficit irrigation conditions this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. main plots consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub plots included different levels of humic acid fertilizer (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/L). Results showed that interaction of irrigation and humic acid on number of seeds per spike and 1000 grain weight at 1% probability level and number of spikes per unit area and harvest index was significant at 5% probability level. Grain yield under the effect low irrigation and humic acid was significant at 1% probability level. The highest leaf area index and crop growth rate were affected in full irrigation and 300 mg.L-1 humic acid and least of them were obtained in low irrigation stress conditions in different periods and no foliar application of humic acid. The highest grain yield was obtained in full irrigation (5035 kg.ha-1) and foliar application with 300 mg.L-1 humic acid (4462 kg.ha-1). The lowest grain yield was obtained in no irrigation at the pollination stage (2355 kg.ha-1) and no-humic acid (2667 kg.ha-1). As a result, foliar application 300 mg.L-1 of humic acid in different periods of low irrigation stress improved the physiological indices and increased yield components compared to control (no foliar application). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Effect of potassium nano-chelate and ascorbic acid on grain yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Kamran cultivar)
Sara Barat Zadeh Tayeb Saki Nejad2* Teymour Babaei NejadIn order to investigate the effect of potassium nano chelate and ascorbic acid on acid yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Sh MoreIn order to investigate the effect of potassium nano chelate and ascorbic acid on acid yield and some qualitative characteristics of cowpea seed, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out at the Shahid Salemi Research Farm in Ahvaz. Factors included different amounts of potassium nano fertilizer at three levels (0, 2 and 4 liters per hectare), and levels of ascorbic acid (0, 15 and 30 mM). Results showed that there was significant difference at 1% probability level between potassium nano fertilizer and ascorbic acid in number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, protein percentage and potassium percentage. Among the measured traits, only interaction of potassium nano chelates and ascorbic acid on harvest index was significant at five percent. The highest harvest index was obtained with four liters per hectare potassium nano chelate and sprays application with 30 mM ascorbic acid with 39.68% and the lowest harvest index with 24.03% non-foliar treatment. The highest grain yield was obtained using 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM ascorbic acid, respectively, with 3640 and 3183 kg.ha-1, and the lowest grain yield was obtained by control. The highest protein percentage was obtained by spraying with 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM ascorbic acid, respectively, with 22.02 and 23.57 percent, respectively, and the lowest one was in control. In general, according to the results spraying with 4 liters.ha-1 of potassium nano fertilizer and 30 mM of ascorbic acid increases the quantitative and qualitative yields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Evaluation of Yield, Some Physiological Properties and Drought Tolerance Evaluation of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars in Khuzestan Province
Mohammad Motamadi Abdolkarim BanisaidiIn order to evaluate the effect of late season drought stress on grain yield and yield components, some physiological characteristics and evaluation of stress tolerance index of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized completel MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of late season drought stress on grain yield and yield components, some physiological characteristics and evaluation of stress tolerance index of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized completely block design with three replications. Irrigation treatments in main plot included normal field irrigation and irrigation cut at pollination time and Nosrat, valfajr, Turkmen, Jonob, Yousef and Karon varieties were included in sub plot. The results showed that under drought stress the highest grain yield was observed in Nosrat and Yousef varieties (513.1 and 513.8 g / m2) and the lowest grain yield was observed in Karon (201.5 g / m2) vareity. The 1000grain weight loss rate of Nosrat, Yousef, Turkmen, Jonob, Valfajer and Karon varieties were 12.8%, 11.3%, 13.6%, 17.2%, 16.5% and 29.6%, respectively. Drought stress reduced grain filling duration in all varieties compared to normal condition, with the lowest grain filling duration belonged to Karon with 22.2 days but Nosrat and Yousef cultivars had the highest grain filling period. In drought stress conditions, Nosrat and Yousef varieties had the highest leaf relative water content, chlorophyll index, water soluble carbohydrates and water soluble proteins. Overall, according to the results of tolerance and stress sensitivity indices, Nosrat and Yousef cultivars were the most tolerant and Valfajr, Karon and Jonob varities were the most sensetive to late season drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Optimal lot sizing in screening processes with returnable defective items
Behzad Maleki Vishkaei S. T. A. Niaki Milad Farhangi Mehdi Ebrahimnezhad Moghadam Rashti -
Open Access Article
153 - Determination of losartan using carbon paste electrode modified metal-organic framework MIL-101 by differential pulse voltammetry
Mahzad Firouzi Masoud Giahi Mostafa Najafi Seyed Saied Homami Seyed Husain Hashemi MousaviIn this research, at first, the metal organic framework (MIL-101) was synthesized characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was fabricated b MoreIn this research, at first, the metal organic framework (MIL-101) was synthesized characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on MIL-101 (a metal-organic framework) modified carbon paste electrode and used for determination of losartan. The electrochemical behavior of losartan was studied with cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. The modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation losartan in phosphate buffer (pH=8). Determination of losartan by differential pulse voltammetry method showed that there are two linear relationships between losartan concentration and anodic peak current in the range of 1 to 10 and 10 to 200 μM with a detection limit of 0.7 µM. The effect of possible interferences on the voltammetric response of losartan was investigated. Finally, the modified electrode was used for determination of losartan in pharmaceutical and biological samples. The results showed the high ability for analysis of this drug in real samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Examining the Impact of Health Indicators on Economic Development Indicators in the Provinces of Iran
mahboobeh farzad Mohsen Zayandehroodi Seyed Abdolmajid Jalaei Esfand AbadiHealth indicators, as a significant factor, can play a crucial role in enhancing the levels of developmental indicators in countries. The present study aims to examine the impact of health indicators on economic indicators during the period 1395-1399 for 31 provinces of MoreHealth indicators, as a significant factor, can play a crucial role in enhancing the levels of developmental indicators in countries. The present study aims to examine the impact of health indicators on economic indicators during the period 1395-1399 for 31 provinces of the country. This research is of an applied and analytical nature. Data analysis is conducted using Stata 17 software, and model estimation is based on the Panel Data pattern. To test the hypotheses, Xtpcse test has been utilized to achieve the results.The results obtained from estimating the model indicate a positive and significant impact of health indicators on economic indicators such as the participation rate of the population aged 10 and older, the unemployment rate of the population aged 10 and older, the Gini coefficient of urban and rural areas, per capita gross domestic product, gross domestic product, health and treatment costs, and education. Therefore, health indicators can have a significant impact on economic development. Thus, by addressing barriers to improving health, efforts can be made towards enhancing the sustainable development of provinces in economic and other educational, human, and various other domains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - The Impact of Financial Sector Activities on Direct Tax Revenue
Niloofar Nateghian Fatemeh ZandiDue to its allocative and distributive effects, tax has always been considered as one of themost important governmental policies. Basically, tax is the most efficient and economicalway of covering governmental costs. In fact, tax is the most important means of change in MoreDue to its allocative and distributive effects, tax has always been considered as one of themost important governmental policies. Basically, tax is the most efficient and economicalway of covering governmental costs. In fact, tax is the most important means of change innational revenue. Because of its ability to control, this revenue source is preferred to otherdomestic economical sources. In addition, the role and importance of the financial systemin the process of economic development of countries, the effectiveness and efficiency of thefinancial system can be used to seek the distinction between developed and underdevelopedeconomies. Therefore, understanding the impact of the financial sector on tax revenue is ofspecific importance. By financial sector, the present researcher means the money market, andthe capital market which are the most important parts of the financial sector of Iran economy.Financial sector will be analyzed by three operational indexes related to banking system andone operational index related to activities of capital market. As mentioned above, this paperexamines the relationship between banking and non-banking activities in financial sector ofIran and direct tax revenue over the period 1379: Q1 to 1393: Q3. The model has been estimatedby Autoregressive Distributed Lag pattern (ARDL). The result indicated that direct tax revenuetoward facilities granted by commercial bank had been more elastic compared to other researchvariables in short run and long run. The coefficient of error correction shows that in each period36 percent of the imbalances of the direct taxes has been adjusted and almost reached near toits long-term trend Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Economical valuation of Urmia Lake for non-consumable values
H. Kazemi R. HejaziRenewable natural resources have had a fundamental role in economic and social development of societies during history. Increasing environmental disasters has also concerned economists as well as environmental specialists, and has made the experts at management level to MoreRenewable natural resources have had a fundamental role in economic and social development of societies during history. Increasing environmental disasters has also concerned economists as well as environmental specialists, and has made the experts at management level to realise the need for protection and sustainable use of natural resources. In this study, it was tried to determine the economical value of Urmia Lake,usingLogit method which is based on people’s willingness to pay, by CVM method and WTP measurements. The main purpose of this study was to provide non-consumable value (conservation value) of this lake. In this method, 31 variables were investigated. The estimation of the model was carried out using the Logit method with EVIEWS software (10). Analyzing the results indicated that the amount of willingness to pay for each unit price rise is decreased by 21%. Finally, the average value of WTP for non-consumable economic value of UrmiaLake was estimated to be 52.58x103 and the total economic value of the lake was estimated to be $605 million. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Clinical Validation of the Saadat Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Module According to the British Standard EN ISO 81060-2 Protocol
Mohammadamin Haghayegh Neda Behzadfar -
Open Access Article
158 - Optimization of biomass production by probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnonsus at pilot-plant scale
Maryam Armand Mohammad Faezi Ghasemi Mohammad Reza Fazeli Mirsassan MirpourBackground & objectives: Probiotics play a very important role in improving the normal intestinal flora and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and are also important for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to optimize biomas MoreBackground & objectives: Probiotics play a very important role in improving the normal intestinal flora and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract and are also important for therapeutic purposes. This study aimed to optimize biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 (GG) using the experimental design process. Materials and Methods: In this study, the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus was used. Plackett-Burman design method was used for the optimization. Fermentations in basal and optimized cultures were performed in 1300 liter Parspad Company's fermenters. Results: The results showed that beet molasses, glucose, and casein have the greatest effect on biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Glucose with casein and beet molasses have a synergistic effect and increasing the concentration of glucose with increasing the concentration of two other factors increases the production of the biomass. Based on the results obtained, after optimization, the optimal culture medium for biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus has the following compounds g/L-1: glucose 112.50, beet molasses 56.25, casein 18.75, yeast extract 18.75, K2HPO4 13.13, Tween 80 1.88, MgSO4. 7H2O 0.3750, MnSO4. 4H2O 0.0750, CaCl2. 2H2O 0.1875 and Simethicone1.25. The biomass production in optimized conditions was increased more than 2-folds higher than the basal medium. Conclusion: Biomass production by Lactobacillus rhamnosus on a semi-industrial scale was carried out in 1300 liters fermentors. Therefore, the results of this study can be used in the industrial production of Lactobacillus rhamnosus biomass. Also, commercial production under fed-batch and continuous culture conditions is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - ضمانت اجرای قراردادی تعهد به فعل ثالث
حسین ترکمان محسن ایزانلو -
Open Access Article
160 - ویژگیهای عمده اینکوترمز 2010
عباس کریمی پریسا سلیمانزاده -
Open Access Article
161 - Analyzing Structural Change between Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in the Selected Oil Exporting Countries (1980-2010)
سید کمیل طیبی zahra zamani mostafa rajabi atyee azimiAbstract Energy is known as an important and strategic input among natural resources in which its effect on economic growth is not deniable. A deep investigation of the relationship between energy consumption and growth could help policy makers to conduct effective and MoreAbstract Energy is known as an important and strategic input among natural resources in which its effect on economic growth is not deniable. A deep investigation of the relationship between energy consumption and growth could help policy makers to conduct effective and sustainable policies in the energy section of oil producing and exporting countries. However, this relationship could be volatile sometimes in the presence of structural changes. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate such structural changes between energy consumption and growth to avoid misleading policies in these economies. This study examines any structural change of the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the selected oil exporting countries, such as Algeria, Colombia, Equator, Indonesia, Malaysia, Norway, Venezuela and Iran, during 1980-2010. This has been done by using co-integration and Chaw tests via a panel data approach. The results confirm a structural change between oil consumption and economic growth in the oil exporting countries during the mentioned period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - A Survey of Fractal Market Hypothesis with the Markov Regime change model in the Tehran Stock Exchange
یعقوب محمودی فریدون رهنمای رودپشتی شادی شاهوردیانی حمیدرضا کردلویی مهدی معدنچی زاجThe aim of this study is to test the Fractal Market Hypothesis with the Markov regime change model in the Tehran Stock Exchange.One of the concepts in the efficient market is whether the financial time series has long-term memory and fractal properties or not. Given the MoreThe aim of this study is to test the Fractal Market Hypothesis with the Markov regime change model in the Tehran Stock Exchange.One of the concepts in the efficient market is whether the financial time series has long-term memory and fractal properties or not. Given the characteristics of the capital market, which is always faced with random shocks and leads to fluctuations in this market, it is necessary to examine the fractal characteristics of the market.In this paper, the amount of long-term memory and stability of financial time series resulting from the total stock market index for the period 2009-2019 were examined. For this purpose, first, the existence of long-term memory was examined, and then the fractal nature of the market was examined using the Harst view index. The results indicate the existence of long-term memory in this variable. In this case, with one differentiation, it becomes more differentiated, so the stock price index series in Iran has long-term memory and the effects of each shock on this variable due to its long-term memory remain for long periods. The results also showed that the overall stock market index is fractal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Application of Threshold-based Filtered Networks in Stock Portfolio Selection and Performance Evaluation
Marzieh Noorahmadi Hojatullah SadeghiAbstract Network analysis is one of the methods of attention of analysts to analyze complex relationships in data in an intuitive way. One of the applications of network analysis is illustrating the relationships between different classes of assets. Identifying stock m MoreAbstract Network analysis is one of the methods of attention of analysts to analyze complex relationships in data in an intuitive way. One of the applications of network analysis is illustrating the relationships between different classes of assets. Identifying stock market dynamics is essential for actors, investors, and financial policymakers. The stock market is considered a complex system that shows its complex dynamics. The complexity of the stock market can have several reasons that the interdependence of stocks can be one of the most prominent of these factors. One of the most important concerns of people in the capital market is finding a way to present and analyze stock data of different companies. There are different companies in the stock market and portfolio managers and investors, in choosing the right stock portfolio, need to consider the best way to form a stock portfolio. This article discusses the formation of diverse and non-diverse portfolios through network theory. To conduct this research, the adjusted final price of 138 listed companies for the period 2017-01-01 to 2021-07-06, equivalent to 1648 trading days, has been used. To describe the effect between stocks, the Adjacency Matrix is used and using the optimal threshold, diverse and non-diverse portfolios are obtained. We implement the results of selected stocks for the portfolio using the Hierarchical Risk Parity (HRP) approach based on clustering methods and the results with three methods of Minimum Variance (MVP), Uniform Distribution (UNIF), and Risk Parity (RP) for both in-sample and out-of-sample periods are compared for both diverse and non-diversified portfolios. Finally, the results have been compared using the four criteria of Sortino, Sharpe, Maximum DD, and Calmar. The results show the superiority of the non-diversified portfolio approach in market downturns and the superiority of the diversified portfolio approach in other periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - اثر نوآوری بر توسعه صادرات خدمات فنی و مهندسی کشورهای منتخب نوظهور: درسی برای اقتصاد ایران
سید کمیل طیبی زهرا زمانی محسن نوروزی طالخونچه محمود شکری -
Open Access Article
165 - تحلیل اثرات سرریز بین بازارهای نفت و بورس اوراق بهادار تهران در طول مقیاسهای چندگانه زمانی؛ (با استفاده از مدل VAR-GARCH-BEKK بر پایه موجک )
محمد شریف کریمی مریم حیدریان شهرام دهقان جبار آبادی -
Open Access Article
166 - برآورد اندازه اقتصاد زیرزمینی در ایران و بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر آن
هانیه علیزاده فرهاد غفاری -
Open Access Article
167 - Financial implications of marketing model on sales improvement (Case study: herbal pharmaceutical companies)
Zakiyeh Ashouri S. Mahmood Shabgoo Monsef Kambiz Shahroodi Ali Gholipour SoleimaniAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the constructive role of herbal medicines in the resistance economy of our country through acquiring domestic markets and maintaining foreign exchange capital, as well as the currency earning potential of these medici MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the constructive role of herbal medicines in the resistance economy of our country through acquiring domestic markets and maintaining foreign exchange capital, as well as the currency earning potential of these medicines. The approach of this research was a combination, in the first stage, the data were collected using the foundational data theory method and the interview tool. The researchers interviewed 12 doctors, pharmacists, and herbal medicine sales managers in a targeted manner. The extracted financial consequences included: improving the sale of herbal medicines, increasing the export capacity, commercializing herbal medicines and attracting capital for the production and development of herbal medicines, which was used in the quantitative stage of the descriptive-survey method and using first-order factor analysis techniques. and the second were examined. 420 samples were collected using available random sampling and analyzed using AMOS software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Providing a model for formulating export development strategies in foreign markets using data-driven method (Case study of Iranian petrochemical companies)
محمدعلی مناف زاده هیر رضا شافعی عادل فاطمیIn economic theories, the development of the export market is considered as the engine of economic growth and a factor in the continuation of the life cycle and the continuation of the company's activities. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for developing MoreIn economic theories, the development of the export market is considered as the engine of economic growth and a factor in the continuation of the life cycle and the continuation of the company's activities. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for developing export development strategies for foreign markets in the petrochemical industry using an approach based on data theorizing. The statistical community is experts, professors and experts in the field of research. The sample size is using targeted technique and snowball that in data theorizing of data collection foundation continues until the research is saturated with 14 experts in this research. The data collection tool is exploratory and semi-structured interviews. The results of the data obtained from the interviews during the open, pivotal and selective coding process, to establish the foundation data theory in the field of providing a model for developing export market development strategies using foreign markets. The data-driven method led in the petrochemical industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Analysis of energy price reform effects on production and price in the agricultural sector
علی اصغر اسماعیل نیا شهرام وصفی اسفستانیAbstract This paper evaluates amounts of subsidies in the agricultural sector and estimates the effects of the implementation of price adjustment and targeted energy subsidies on economic growth and agricultural production. The methodology used is input-output analysis MoreAbstract This paper evaluates amounts of subsidies in the agricultural sector and estimates the effects of the implementation of price adjustment and targeted energy subsidies on economic growth and agricultural production. The methodology used is input-output analysis. The results show that the rising energy prices have increasing effect on the agricultural sector production. Price analysis of targeted energy subsidies shows that animal products increased more than 82 percent. Targeted energy subsidies could reduce 6.9 percent of output in all economic sectors and this reduction will be different for different economic sectors. This study shows that Output reduction is approximately 15.56 percent in Food, Beverage and Tobacco sector and 7.75 percent in agriculture and horticulture sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - اثر مهاجرت و شهرنشینی بر اشتغال غیررسمی در مناطق مختلف ایران (روش شاخص های چندگانه-علل چندگانه (MIMIC))
محمد ستاری فر حمیدرضا زارعی نوشین شکری -
Open Access Article
171 - اثر بحران های مالی بر انتقال تکانه و سرریز نوسان میان بازارهای مالی توسعه یافته و ایران
قدرت اله امام وردی سیده محبوبه جعفری -
Open Access Article
172 - The effect of financial indicators on economic growth in Islamic countries using a non-linear model
hadi agababei Manijeh Hadinjad S. Khashayar Seyed ShokriAbstract One of the factors that play an essential role in achieving the goal of rapid and continuous economic growth is the development of the financial sector of each country. Countries with a more developed financial system are on the path of faster economic growth MoreAbstract One of the factors that play an essential role in achieving the goal of rapid and continuous economic growth is the development of the financial sector of each country. Countries with a more developed financial system are on the path of faster economic growth because they make the economy in question capable of experiencing higher growth rates. The main purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of financial development indicators on economic growth in member countries of the Islamic Conference; Therefore, in order to examine this topic, the present article used one of the newest econometric approaches called the PSTR model and measured the non-linear effect of financial development indicators on economic growth in the member countries of the Islamic Conference during the period from 2008 to 2022. The results obtained from the PSTR model indicate the existence of a non-linear relationship between the studied variables. In the final PSTR model, the slope parameter, which indicates the speed of adjustment from one regime to another regime, is equal to 21.0818, the location of regime change is estimated to be 10.5986. Therefore, if the financial development index (the ratio of internal credits of banks to gross domestic product) exceeds 10.5986 percent, the behavior of the variables will be according to the second regime, and if it is less than the above threshold, it will be placed in the first regime. The coefficients of the variables (percentages) have been estimated. The obtained results show that the financial development index (the ratio of internal credits of banks to gross domestic production) has a different effect on economic growth in both regimes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - پویاییهای نسبت بهینه پوشش ریسک در بازارهای سهام و طلا: رهیافت VAR-DCC-GARCH
امین حاتمی تیمور محمدی فرهاد خداداد کاشی اصغر ابوالحسنی هستیانی -
Open Access Article
174 - The Influence of Financial Development on Income Distribution in Some Selected Countries
منیره دیزجی محدثه آهنگری گرگری Abstract Since the development of institutions, agencies and financial markets of each country can have significant effects on income distribution of that country. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between the financial development and inequality More Abstract Since the development of institutions, agencies and financial markets of each country can have significant effects on income distribution of that country. The aim of this study is to examine the relation between the financial development and inequality in developed and developing countries by using generalized least square method(GLS) and generalized method of moments(GMM) and related theories, studied by entering variables like unemployment rate, the average years of schooling indices of human development, government size and per capita during the period 2000 to 2013. Thus, according to the ranking report of the United Nations Human Development(UNDP) in 2014, 35 countries with very high human development index and 32 countries with high and medium human development index have been selected as developed and developing countries, respectively, which these regions have had full data. The estimation results have been obtained using Stata14 and Eviews9. Empirical results obtained for developed countries, showed that the square of financial development is part of the descending inverted U curve. For developing countries, the estimation result of GLS approved the inverted U curve for the variables financial development and per capita income, while the GMM results income with income inequality, respectively. Finally, according to the above discussion, it can be concluded that for the developed and developing countries, the increase of financial institutions will reduce the income inequality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - An Analysis of Household Demand Absorption as a financial asset against Inflation volatility in IRAN
بیژن باصری غفار کیانی محمود ملکی پورToday’s Financial Stability plays a vital role in economic performance. Financial Stability influences prices and change asset composition in household portfolio. The aim of this paper is to examine various component of household demand as a financial non-tradable MoreToday’s Financial Stability plays a vital role in economic performance. Financial Stability influences prices and change asset composition in household portfolio. The aim of this paper is to examine various component of household demand as a financial non-tradable asset in compare with some selected countries experiences. Based on OLS Method we estimate household income demand elasticity’s in 31 provinces in Iran during 2011-2018.The findings show characters of stability and certainties of household as a consumer and permanent asset plays a vital role against inflation volatility. The low knowledge of individuals in financial markets (stock market, gold, options, futures…) low skills, the lack of professionally, huge volatility in stock market plays on individual households asset demand. In addition, historical, cultural dependency and interfere of financial institutional affected household demand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - بررسی تاثیر سیاست پولی و توسعه مالی بر تراز تجاری کشور ایران
رویا آل عمران سید علی آل عمران -
Open Access Article
177 - The analysis of permanent and temporary fluctuations of Brent Oil & Relative Industries Index With Gold, Currency Index: Network Approach
تیمور محمدی عبدالرسول قاسمی عاطفه تکلیف علی صادقینIn this study, we employed the CGARCH model, the vector auto-regression and graph analysis, to analyze permanent and temporary fluctuations of Brent oil, gold, currency, petrochemical and petroleum industries index and Tehran stock exchange index. Data of this study inc MoreIn this study, we employed the CGARCH model, the vector auto-regression and graph analysis, to analyze permanent and temporary fluctuations of Brent oil, gold, currency, petrochemical and petroleum industries index and Tehran stock exchange index. Data of this study includes the daily and weekly observations of the above variables from 2008 to 2018. The results showed that the fluctuations of Brent oil prices, oil and petrochemical industries were the most affected. Therefore, in the short term, these fluctuations in oil and related industries have the greatest impact on fluctuations in the stock market, currency and gold in Iran. However, according to daily and weekly data, permanent gold fluctuations and Tehran Stock Exchange index have the most impact on the volatility of other variables. In addition, based on daily data, the fluctuations of the oil products index, exchange rate and gold are the most important given the criteria presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Analyzing the Impact of Financial Policy (Total Income Tax) on Income Distribution in Selected OECD Countries
حسن ملااسمعیلی دهشیری جمشید پژویان فرهاد غفاری سید شمس الدین حسینیAbstract Economic justice and equitable distribution of income, along with important issues such as economic growth and development, the reduction of inflation and unemployment, have always been of concern to economists. Fair distribution of income and reduction of inc MoreAbstract Economic justice and equitable distribution of income, along with important issues such as economic growth and development, the reduction of inflation and unemployment, have always been of concern to economists. Fair distribution of income and reduction of income inequality in society, and the identification of factors affecting income inequality to make the right policy are necessary and obvious. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of financial policy (total income tax) on income distribution (GINI CO) in OECD countries. In this regard, panel data approach has been used to investigate the impact of total income tax on gini CO for 6 selected OECD countries from 2000 to 2015. The results show that an increase in inflation index and unemployment index leads to a increase in income inequality and that an increase in income tax revenues leads to a reduction in income inequality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - بررسی اثرگذاری نحوه تعیین نرخ ارز بر رفاه اقتصادی Investigation of the Effect of Exchange Rate determination on Economic Welfare
نغمه پور فتحی سید محمد علی کفایی -
Open Access Article
180 - تحلیل نقش نرخ واقعی ارز و نوسانات آن بر صادرات صنعتی ایران
علیرضا امینی سحر زارع -
Open Access Article
181 - الگوئی برای نمایش چشماندازی از تراز تجاری کشور به روش رگرسیونی دادههای ترکیبی با تواتر متفاوت
محمد نو فرستی سمانه جواهر دهی -
Open Access Article
182 - Presentation of Smart Money Model in Iranian Stock Market Based on Grounded Theory
خدیجه عیدان ترک زاده فرزین رضایی محسن صیقلیThe purpose of the present study is to present a smart money model in the Iranian stock market given its conditions and structure, so that all individuals active in the capital market can act more consciously and more professionally.The method based on this theory is ba MoreThe purpose of the present study is to present a smart money model in the Iranian stock market given its conditions and structure, so that all individuals active in the capital market can act more consciously and more professionally.The method based on this theory is based on data Which is collected through regular interviews with experts and have been analyzed and its purpose, making a theory that is honest and enlightening in the field under study. The statistical population includes capital market experts and academic experts in the field of finance and investment. The sample consisted of 12 semi-structured interviews with snowball sampling Open, axial and selective coding was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the obtained model includes causal conditions (macroeconomic factors, global market situation, country's political climate, industry and corporate factors), context conditions (laws and regulations issued by the government and organization, trading infrastructure).Intervening Conditions (Legal and Real Investor Behavior, Parallel Markets Behavior), Entering smart money into Iranian stock market. Strategies conditions include (market entry strategy, return strategy) and (micro and macro) as consequences were defined, which increased liquidity, the value of transactions and to some extent the index are also micro-consequences and at the macro level it leads to the development and expansion of the market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - بررسی عوامل موثر بر ضریب واکنش سود: مطالعه موردی بورس اوراق بهادار تهران
نادر حکیمی پور -
Open Access Article
184 - تحلیل عوامل موثر بر اشتغال بخش کشاورزی (مطالعه موردی استان ایلام، کردستان، کرمانشاه و همدان)
هادی محمدی نعمت فلیحی صمد باقر آبادی -
Open Access Article
185 - An Investigation of Risk Structure on the Agriculture Sector using the Optimizing of Combination paid loans to different economic Sectors in Iran’s Bank
اسعد اله رضایی نادر حکیمی پور احمد نریمانی منصوره یزدان خواهAbstract Like other financial institutions, banks optimize their resource allocation according to two main criteria risk and return. For this purpose paid loans to different economic activities and sectors can be considered as their portfolio and we can optimize them&n MoreAbstract Like other financial institutions, banks optimize their resource allocation according to two main criteria risk and return. For this purpose paid loans to different economic activities and sectors can be considered as their portfolio and we can optimize them according to each sectors risk. These sections include 8 general sections: industry and mining, commercial, services, housing, leasing, agriculture, currency and others. For this purpose, we will use the Markowitz model one of the most widely applied tools in stocks market. So In this study, in the theoretical framework of Markowitz model, the expected revenue – variance model was used to determine the optimal portfolio of the bank and its investigation of its function to clearly determine the optimum combination of banks investment in various sectors of economic. Finally, after comparing the actual weights of paid loans at each sections in 1392 and optimal weights in this year, a significant difference between them is evident. Accordingly the maximum gap and difference between the actual weights and optimal values among economic sectors related to agriculture sector with 134 percent difference. This number represents a this sector weakness in refunding the received loans from banks, so that more attention of the government and the central bank is needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Of aiming to attract foreign direct investment in 27 selected countries (developed and developing), Iran
H.R Raufi کاملیا GHalamzanThis article has surveyed the unit effectiveness of economic variables such as gross domestic production, foreign currency rate, inflation, real portion rate, bargain value share of stock market GDP on FDI flow for 27 various countries such as Iran and in two groups of MoreThis article has surveyed the unit effectiveness of economic variables such as gross domestic production, foreign currency rate, inflation, real portion rate, bargain value share of stock market GDP on FDI flow for 27 various countries such as Iran and in two groups of developed country and under develop within time period of 1992-2010. In this survey, foreign direct investment is the subsidiary of the level of GDP, foreign currency, real portion rate, bargain value share of stock market GDP, and value added share of industrial part GDP for 27 chosen countries such as Iran, developed country and developing. For estimate the pattern, the method of Ordinary Least square can be used. Then, in propose of choosing the stable affect and random affect pattern, it has used HASMAN TEST in Eviews 6 software.The result of HASMAN TEST is confirming the stable affect pattern. Result of this survey is indicating which GDP within ed 27 countries has positive influence in entrance of direct foreign investment which has positive coefficient and significant in statistic.In the other hand, vast economy of the countries which make the bigger GDP has positive effect on FDI. Foreign currency rate has negative & significant affect on direct foreign investment. Foreign currency rate increscent or value weakening of countries’ national money will cause the FDI decrease.Real portion rate which has made variance of nominal portion rate minus inflation rate, has negative & significant affect on direct foreign investment and share of stock market transaction on GDP and direct foreign investment with one time suspension, has positive and significant affect on direct foreign investment. Also, the results shows, in developed countries, the variants such as market share of stock is very important in absorbing the FDI and within under developed countries, GDP has positive and significant affect on FDI, but inflation and market share variant of GDP has negative and significant affect on FDI. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Presenting a model for accepting new technologies and innovations in the field of renewable energy by Iranian consumers with an economic, financial and social approach based on the foundation's data theory
Fatemeh Shoghi Aghjeh Mashhad Alireza Farrokhbakht Foumani Ali Gholipour SoleimaniAbstractToday, issues related to energy and its role in the economic and financial development of societies have become a strategic and important category. The use of renewable energy that is available through the technology channel can optimize energy consumption and t MoreAbstractToday, issues related to energy and its role in the economic and financial development of societies have become a strategic and important category. The use of renewable energy that is available through the technology channel can optimize energy consumption and this is possible by accepting innovation and renewable technologies. For this reason, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of acceptance of technology and new innovations in the field of renewable energy by Iranian consumers with an economic, financial and social approach. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of method. 16 components and 50 indicators of the model were identified through library studies and open and semi-structured interviews with 14 experts in the field of renewable energy and experienced university professors and using the Grounded Theory method and open, axial and selective coding. Among the most important effective factors in the technology acceptance model are participation, technology, price, perceived benefit, financial conditions, and economic, social, and environmental consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - اثر سیاست پولی بر نرخ ارز در ایران با استفاده از الگوی خود همبسته با وقفه توزیع شده (ARDL)
سید مجتبی حسین زاده یوسف آباد علی حقیقت -
Open Access Article
189 - تاثیر اطمینان بیش از حد سرمایه گذاران بر اثر تمایلی در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران
محمد حیدری فر امیررضا کیقبادی -
Open Access Article
190 - بررسی نقش حباب قیمتی در ایجاد نوسانات در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران ( شرکتهای منتخب صنایع پترو شیمی و خودرو)
غلامرضا عباسی هادی محمدی محمدی محمد امین نشاط آور -
Open Access Article
191 - Calculation of financial condition index by principal component analysis method in Iran
Zahra Haeri Nasab Kiomars Sohaili Shahram FattahiAbstract In the last few years, the financial condition index has been an important indicator to determine the situation of each country. The Financial Conditions Index can be defined as the current state of the variables that affect the future state of the economy. Th MoreAbstract In the last few years, the financial condition index has been an important indicator to determine the situation of each country. The Financial Conditions Index can be defined as the current state of the variables that affect the future state of the economy. The Financial Conditions Index is a summary index of financial variables that is effective in predicting the economic situation of a country. Financial conditions in any country are one of the most important issues in the economy. The purpose of this article is to determine and calculate the financial condition index for Iran using the basic component analysis method and time series data from 1990-2020. The results of calculating the financial condition index show that the credit channel has more weight than other channels and this shows the importance of the volume of credit in estimating the country's financial condition index during this period in the research. After that, the asset channel, ie the stock price index and the housing index, have the most weight. Among these, the exchange rate and interest rate channels have the lowest weight. Therefore, the central bank can adopt a forward-looking approach in monetary policy, so that by changing its retrospective approach in monetary policy decisions, it can show the most correct reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - ارزیابی رابطه کنش- واکنشی متغیرهای بخش بانکی بر رشد اقتصادی در ایران
شکیب سلیمی مجاوری محمدرضا ناهیدی امیر خیز سیاوش جانی رقیه حسن زاده -
Open Access Article
193 - تاثیر چرخه عمر و جریان نقدی آزاد بر سیاست تقسیم سود در صنایع (موردکاوی:صنایع فولاد، خودروسازی، داروسازی)
عباسعلی پور آقا جان کبری غلامی -
Open Access Article
194 - بررسی و تبیین عوامل موثر بر توسعه مالی دانشگاه ( مورد مطالعه: دانشگاه تهران)
سید سعید منجم زاده ابوالقاسم نادری غلامرضا گرایی نژاد ناهید پوررستمی -
Open Access Article
195 - Asymmetric oil price shocks, tax revenues, resource curses, stock markets and trading cycles in oil-exporting economies
Hamidreza Modiri Marjan DamankeshideAbstract The present study uses the PVAR model to investigate the impact of asymmetric oil price shock, tax revenues, resource curse, stock market and business cycles in oil exporting economies during the period 2000-2019. According to the estimation results; the respo MoreAbstract The present study uses the PVAR model to investigate the impact of asymmetric oil price shock, tax revenues, resource curse, stock market and business cycles in oil exporting economies during the period 2000-2019. According to the estimation results; the response of the output gap to the shock of oil prices and exchange rates is a downward trend for up to 3 periods, after which it rises and in the long run this shock is gradually adjusted, but the problem that exists and the response of the output gap to liquidity also show this. is. Revenues from oil sales and foreign exchange earnings are not well managed in oil-rich countries, and the amount of liquidity injected into the market is spent on imports, which are generally done to combat inflation. In this case, many production sectors will be seriously damaged and will be taken out of the production cycle, and therefore part of the investments made in the economy will be unused and the amount of production will decrease, and on the other hand, when foreign exchange earnings decrease, the amount of imports. It has been reduced that part of the decrease in imports will be directed to capital goods and production machinery, leading to a decrease in investment and an increase in the production gap. Sectors that were taken out of production as a result of massive imports of consumer goods during the period of increasing oil revenues will not be revived in this period, which requires more attention of the country's officials to macroeconomic indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - The Effect of Economic Complexity on Income Inequality in Selected Developing Countries; Dynamic Panel Approach
علی حسنوند محمد شریف کریمی علی فلاحتی آزاد خانزادیAbstract Economic complexity is a concept that shows the ability of countries to produce complex goods and use knowledge in the production process by improving the productive structure. The economic complexity of the knowledge channel leads to the saving of resources a MoreAbstract Economic complexity is a concept that shows the ability of countries to produce complex goods and use knowledge in the production process by improving the productive structure. The economic complexity of the knowledge channel leads to the saving of resources and the improvement of the quality of productive institutions and the formation of productive production structures that diversify goods and save on production costs and earn more income and affect income distribution and welfare. Brings with it social. Given the importance of income distribution in the economy, this study uses the approach of economic complexity and dynamic Generalized Method of Moments, method to investigate the effect of economic complexity on income inequality in a selection of developing countries during the period 1995-2020. According to the results, with increasing economic complexity in developing countries, income distribution has become more unfair. The imbalance of income distribution in these countries is due to the concentration of assets, capital and production activities in the hands of a particular group, as well as the existence of cultural, social, gender, etc. inequalities and rents created as a result of this inequality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank
Mohammad Ali Jafari Gorji Reza Najaf Beigi Abolhassan Faghihi Mohammad Javad KameliAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank which was basic research of the mixed method. For qualitative data analysis, grounded theory and for quantitative data analysi MoreAbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of pathology and providing a model of sustainable development in Iranian governmental Bank which was basic research of the mixed method. For qualitative data analysis, grounded theory and for quantitative data analysis, structural equations were used. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of members of the board of directors and senior managers of credit and human resources departments of state-owned banks, 18 of whom were purposefully selected for semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the quantitative section consisted of staff and staff managers and experts of state banks, 291 of whom were randomly selected for relationships between variables based on Cochrane's formula. The results showed that the sustainable development model in Iranian state banks consists of 421 primary concepts derived from open coding, 41 concepts of wisdom and 17 main. The results of quantitative analysis show that causal factors and Confounding factors and underlying factors have an impact on the category. Also, categories, confounding factors and underlying factors have an impact on strategies. Finally, strategies affect the outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Analyzing the Household Mental Budgeting Behavior Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior
Mohammad NazaripourAbstractMental budgeting is one of the topics in the field of behavioral economics and emphasizes the psychological aspects of financial accounting. Mental budgeting can play an important role in personal financial management. The purpose of this study is to investigate MoreAbstractMental budgeting is one of the topics in the field of behavioral economics and emphasizes the psychological aspects of financial accounting. Mental budgeting can play an important role in personal financial management. The purpose of this study is to investigate the household mental budgeting behavior based on the theory of planned behavior. This research is descriptive-survey based on the method of doing and in terms of target, is functional. The population of this study was households of Kurdistan province who were selected by convenience sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. In order to evaluate the construct validity (including convergent and discriminant validity) and the reliability of the research instrument (composite reliability and average variance extracted) and to estimate the research measurement model from exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis through SPSS software version 26 and AMOS version 24 has been used. Structural equation modeling has been used to test the hypotheses. Exploratory factor analysis led to the discovery of five factors (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, mental budgeting intention, and mental budgeting behavior) of the 21 components studied. Together, these five factors were able to explain 63% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the number of factors and factor loadings of variables. All five research hypotheses were confirmed. The degree to which mental budgeting intention are influenced by other variables in order of importance were: attitude, perceived behavioral control and subjective norms. In addition, demographic variables such as gender, age, education, marriage, employment, income and work experience are also considered as moderating variables in the results analysis. For example, the status of variables such as attitudes, subjective norms, and mental budgeting behavior varied among different ages. The result of this study showed that mental budgeting can lead to the development and strengthening of household financial behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Presenting a Model for Explaining the Role of Social Capital in the Success of International Entrepreneurship
محمدجعفر چراغی جمشید عدالتیان شهریاری محمدرضا کاباران زادهThis research was aimed at Presentation a Model for Explaining the Role of Social Capital in the Success of International Entrepreneurship. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of Academic and organizational experts including the managers of t MoreThis research was aimed at Presentation a Model for Explaining the Role of Social Capital in the Success of International Entrepreneurship. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of Academic and organizational experts including the managers of the Tehran Chamber of Commerce and in the quantitative section include all the members of the Tehran Chamber of Commerce.The sample size in the qualitative section with theoretical saturation (20 people) was estimated using purposeful sampling and in the quantitative section based on Cochran's formula, 335 people were estimated by stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool was interviewed in the qualitative section and in the quantitative section the questionnaire was. Validity of the questionnaire from a formal and content perspective through several experts, convergence validity was calculated by calculating the mean of variance extracted and cross-check validity was verified by calculating AVE optimization. Reliability questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire was 0.86 Lisrel software and smartpls were used to analyze the data. The results obtained to identify 18 components and 84 indicators led to 7 influential components including Social prosperity, social cohesion, social cohesion, social acceptance, social participation, trust in organization and interactions and the 3 effective dimensions of Export performance, international competitiveness and economic growth affect on Role of Social Capital in the Success of International Entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - The impact of dimensions of emotional intelligence and financial intelligence on the dimensions of auditor’s performance with the focal correlation coefficient approach
امیر رحیمی آشتیانی مهران آقایی مهناز عسکریان محمود صمدی لرگانیThis research has been conducted with the purpose of investigating the effect of dimensions of emotional intelligence and financial intelligence on the dimensions of auditor’s performance with the focal correlation coefficient approach. This study is applicable in MoreThis research has been conducted with the purpose of investigating the effect of dimensions of emotional intelligence and financial intelligence on the dimensions of auditor’s performance with the focal correlation coefficient approach. This study is applicable in terms of objective and concerning data collection method is descriptive correlational. The statistical population of this study is auditors working in all auditing firms that are members of the Society of Certified Public Accountants operating in Tehran. 250 subjects were selected employing cluster random sampling method. Data collection tools were standard questionnaires. Content validity and the results of the measurement model were cited to evaluate the validity and reliability of the measurement tools. To analyze the data, focal correlation coefficient using SPSS software was employed. The results of the hypothesis test indicated that: the first, second and third focal correlation coefficients were reported to be significant at the 99% confidence level, which shows the existence of three sets of dependent variables. The focal correlation function the significance of the three functions extracted at the 99% confidence level. Each focal variable has a coefficient of determination and the first focal correlation is more important than the other correlations. The first focal correlation with a coefficient of determination of 0.945 has been able to explain 94% of the variance. The total coefficient of determination shows the amount of changes. This value is equal to 0.980, which indicates that the dimensions of emotional intelligence and financial intelligence are explained by 0.98% by the dimensions of the auditor’s performance. The most common criterion for testing the significance level of the first focal correlation is the Wilks’ statistic criterion, which according to the obtained significance level (0.000), it is indicated that the three sets of variables are related to each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Studying the Impact of Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Industries on the Growth of Industrial Value Added in Iran’s Economy
Hediha setayesh Abbas Memaranjad Kambyz Hejbarkiani Taghi TorabiAbstractThis paper attempts to explain the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the economy and to highlight their main facing challenges, in particular the “financial challenge". The present paper seeks to analyze the impact of small and medium-siz MoreAbstractThis paper attempts to explain the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the economy and to highlight their main facing challenges, in particular the “financial challenge". The present paper seeks to analyze the impact of small and medium-sized industries on the growth of industrial value added in Iran’s economy for 22 ISIC codes during the period of 2005-2014.The main findings of this study indicate that the growth of value added of small and medium-sized industries has a significant positive effect on the growth of value added of industries with ten employees and more; the growth of innovation level in small and medium-sized industries may have a significant positive effect on the growth of value added of this group of industries, and the growth of openness of Iranian economy can affect the growth of value added of industries with ten employees and more, positively; but it has a negative effect on the growth of value added of small and medium-sized industries. Furthermore, it is suggested that in order to boost and facilitate the economic activities of small and medium sized enterprises, several issues should be considered including“promoting the non-bank financing methods”, “providing effective support for innovative projects”, “implementing industrial export development programs”, and “providing industrial advisory services, in particular financial advisory services”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Designing and Testing the City Branding Model (Case Study: Guilan Province)
shahram shahabi Narges Delafrooz Ali Gholipour Soleymani Mohammad TaleghaniAbstractUrban branding is a strategy that gives the city an unforgettable identity and is a tool that can deliver the city's core value quickly. The present study designs and tests the urban brand creation model (Case study: Preser and Bandar Anzali cities of Guilan pro MoreAbstractUrban branding is a strategy that gives the city an unforgettable identity and is a tool that can deliver the city's core value quickly. The present study designs and tests the urban brand creation model (Case study: Preser and Bandar Anzali cities of Guilan province). The findings and results of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis are presented in two parts. The first part deals with the qualitative findings and the second part deals with the quantitative results. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research includes urban managers, cultural and tourism heritage managers, environmental managers, tourism activists, academic elites in the field of urban brand creation and 15 samples were completed. Statistical population includes urban, tourism and cultural heritage managers as well as people or people visiting the prestigious cities of Bandar Anzali using Morgan table and sample size of 384 people. The qualitative findings of the study include causal factors, main phenomena or categories, confounding factors, strategy, contextual factors, and outcomes. The quantitative findings of the final research model showed that all factor loads were statistically significant, welfare services ranked first and tourism attractions ranked last. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - مقایسه برآورد تلاطم بازارهای مالی با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون و مدل شبکه عصبی
محمد عظیم خدایاری احمد یعقوب نژاد مریم خلیلی عراقی -
Open Access Article
204 - The Effect of Financial Development and Its Size on Economic Growth with a Nonlinear Approach in Iran
Sedigeh Dodangeh Seyyed Shamsuddin Hosseini Farhad GhaffariAbstractWhile it is economically well established that the financial sector is interrelated, empirical estimates of the growth of these textual results are generally presented. On the other hand, it will be different for several time series assessments at different leve MoreAbstractWhile it is economically well established that the financial sector is interrelated, empirical estimates of the growth of these textual results are generally presented. On the other hand, it will be different for several time series assessments at different levels of economic growth and in terms of time requirements, so it seems that estimating linear models to examine macro-relationships is challenging. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the development and size of the financial sector in the Iranian economy with economic growth in the years 1350-1399 using the non-linear regression method of Astana. The results show that there are three different regimes for the effect of changes in financial sector size and financial development on economic growth. In economic growth rates, only financial differences affect economic growth. This effect in the second regime, ie between the economic growth rates of 0 to 8.6%, is weak but positive and significant, and in the economic growth rate above 8%, both financial size and financial development have a positive and significant effect on economic growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Ranking of internal and external factors affecting fraudulent financial reporting using a hierarchical analysis process
فاطمه خلیلی ثمرین مهدی خلیل پور جواد رمضانیThe purpose of this study is to determine the importance and ranking of internal and external factors affecting fraudulent financial reporting. The statistical population in this study includes members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants who have char MoreThe purpose of this study is to determine the importance and ranking of internal and external factors affecting fraudulent financial reporting. The statistical population in this study includes members of the Iranian Society of Certified Public Accountants who have characteristics such as teaching experience at the university, having a doctorate, history of professional activity in the profession of auditing and financial management, which according to the restrictions 30 people were considered as a sample. In this research, AHP technique and Expert Choice software have been used to analyze the data. The results of the analysis showed that extra-organizational factors were the first priority in creating fraudulent reporting with a score of 0.243 and intra-organizational factors were the next priority with a score of 0.214. Also, according to the research results, from external factors, respectively, factors related to the characteristics of independent auditing, cultural factors, legal and regulatory factors outside the organization, and from internal factors, respectively, professional characteristics and management structure. Behavioral characteristics of management, behavioral and moral characteristics, characteristics related to systemic and human errors have been the most important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - Identifying the motives of electronic recommendation advertising in social media and improving the organization's financial approach
Rosha Makvandi Hossein Safarzadeh Hassan Esmaeilpour Mansoureh AligholiAbstract as social media has expanded ,Electronic word of mouth has gained prominence in marketing programs and strategies., in addition to increasing popularity on social media, This subject has made Electronic word of mouth enhance marketing communi MoreAbstract as social media has expanded ,Electronic word of mouth has gained prominence in marketing programs and strategies., in addition to increasing popularity on social media, This subject has made Electronic word of mouth enhance marketing communications and target market success as an undeniable part of various business activities. Efficient and effective use of such an opportunity entails identifying the motivations of Electronic word of mouth in social media, and the present study has pursued such an objective. The present study deals with qualitative paradigm and qualitative content analysis method. Therefore, the qualitative data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with professors, experts, consumers in Tehran through targeted sampling and snowballing. A total of 25 people were interviewed. The analysis of qualitative data collected by sign coding method identified 33 concepts that were classified into 7 general categories: Financial incentive, emotional, ambitious, functional, social, altruistic, and pleasure motivation. The validity of the research results was evaluated through peer review, paired survey and participatory research. Reliability was also tested using test-retest reliability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Tail Risk and Excess Stock Returns: Evidence of Momentum and Idiosyncratic Risk Anomalies
Mostafa Ramezani Sharif Abadi Saeid Aliahmadi Mehdi AghabeikzadehAbstract Capital market anomalies are caused by factors that have not been considered in capital asset pricing models. One of the arguments for explaining anomalies is the theory of extreme value. According to the theory of extreme value, tail risk is an adverse event MoreAbstract Capital market anomalies are caused by factors that have not been considered in capital asset pricing models. One of the arguments for explaining anomalies is the theory of extreme value. According to the theory of extreme value, tail risk is an adverse event that can have a negative impact on excess stock returns. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of combining momentum anomalies and idiosyncratic risk with tail risk on excess stock returns. In the present study, two criteria of cumulative tail risk and combined covariance tail risk have been used to calculate tail risk. The sampling method in this study is systematic elimination and the time period of the research years from 2007 to 2019 has been selected. The number of sample companies includes 136 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) and the 5-factor regression of Fama and French was used to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that the combination of idiosyncratic risk portfolio and tail risk has a positive and significant effect on excess stock returns. Therefore, by combining this portfolio, investors can gain returns in the Iranian capital market. Also, the results showed that the combination of momentum portfolio and tail risk does not lead to excess stock returns. In general, the results showed that tail risk can be used to explain the existence of idiosyncratic risk anomalies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Studying the cognitive bias in investors' behavior for stock price fluctuations
بهزاد سعادت زاده حصار رسول عبدی حیدر محمدزاده سالطه محمد نریمانیThis research aims at studying the cognitive bias in investors' behavior for stock price fluctuations in Tehran Stock Exchange. The methodology of this research was descriptive-correlational and path-analysis. The statistical population of this research was all the list MoreThis research aims at studying the cognitive bias in investors' behavior for stock price fluctuations in Tehran Stock Exchange. The methodology of this research was descriptive-correlational and path-analysis. The statistical population of this research was all the listed investors in Tehran Stock Exchange out of which, 384 people were selected by the convenient sampling method. Morgan table was used in this research to determine the sample volume. The measurement tools were the researcher-made questionnaires whose validity and reliability was confirmed after design and evaluation by professors and statistical methods. In addition, the beta coefficient was calculated to identify and compare the intensity and effect of cognitive bias components. The results of studying the mediating relationships of research variables showed the positive and significant relationship in 0.001 level between the cognitive bias and investors' behavior under low fluctuations with path coefficient (indirect) (0.35). In addition, there was a positive and significant relationship between the cognitive bias and investors' behavior under the high fluctuations with path coefficient (indirect) (-0.30) in 0.001 level. Therefore, it can be claimed that the cognitive bias reduced under the low fluctuations. As a result, the investors' behaviors were less influenced by the cognitive bias. On the other hand, the high fluctuations negatively influenced the investors' behavior and increased the errors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Explaining the economic and social effects of usury with an emphasis on the role of Persian literature (Case study: works of authors from Iran and Tajikistan)
Marjan Madani Garakani Umar SafarAbstractThe subject of the current research is a comparative study of the work of Sadr Alddin Eini with the title "Death of the usurer" or the usurer, and the story "Haji Agha" by Sadegh Hedayat, based on the similarities and contrasts as well as the metaphors used in e MoreAbstractThe subject of the current research is a comparative study of the work of Sadr Alddin Eini with the title "Death of the usurer" or the usurer, and the story "Haji Agha" by Sadegh Hedayat, based on the similarities and contrasts as well as the metaphors used in each of these works. In relation to the negative economic and social effects of usury, the cultural and religious commonalities of both Iranian and Tajik nations should be mentioned in this regard, Sadr Alddin Eini's "The Profiteer's Death" in the Tajik literature of the former Soviet era as the best realistic work in promoting and increasing the value of modern prose. Tajikistan has provided assistance. "Haji Agha" by Sadegh Hedayat is also one of the exceptional works, which testifies to the author's special style and style, his realistic art. And these works are not only known as valuable works of these literatures, but also express a special style and method, especially a clear example of the school of realism in the prose of Persian speakers. Therefore, it can be said that Tajik and Iranian Persian literature deserves to be examined from a comparative perspective to reveal the generality and commonalities in them. The basis of the methodology of this research is historical-comparative analysis. Matching or comparing the source is rich in sources of human knowledge. In his various investigations, man has chosen comparison and comparison as a way to reach the original facts related to his research fields. The importance of comparative criticism is that it reveals the sources of intellectual and artistic currents of literature. The result of the present research shows that above all, the above-mentioned stories are very similar in terms of theme and content and the issues depicted. The authors depict the issue of usury in Central Asia and Iran and show its harmful nature in the economic life and people's lives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - A Grounded Theory Exploration of Pattern of Home-Buying in Luxury Residential Area of Tehran in The Residential Sector of Construction Industry
ali asghar velayati Kambyz Heydarzadeh Mohammad Ali AbdulvandAbstract This research has been used to get to know the pattern of housing purchase and through qualitative research with a contextual study approach to achieve the goal of the research. Sampling in the study was done by snowball method and data collection reached satu MoreAbstract This research has been used to get to know the pattern of housing purchase and through qualitative research with a contextual study approach to achieve the goal of the research. Sampling in the study was done by snowball method and data collection reached saturation by conducting 14 interviews. In order to collect information, buyers looking for a house, consumers living less than 6 months, builders and investors, and architects and designers were interviewed. The results showed that the pattern of purchasing luxury housing from the point of view of investors and builders includes 11 categories (determining the construction site, construction process, investment return, business partners, construction cost, obtaining municipal permit, construction time, economic period of construction and instrument, effective factors in persuasion to buy, characteristics of buyers, buying and selling process in the region); Architects and designers, 4 categories (expectations of the buyer, architect's design style, characteristics of construction in the region, factors influencing purchase); Consumers living less than 6 months, 3 categories (satisfaction with construction, making changes in the house, buyer's expectations); Buyers looking for a house have 4 categories (buyer expectations, buying time, how to choose a house, making changes to the house). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - An Investigation on liquidity Risk in Tehran Security Exchange Market with non-trading days: Insights from liquidity-adjusted CAPM
Pedram Samiee Tabrizi Ali Najafi moghadamStock liquidity risk can be considered as one of the most important factors in determining the expected returns of investors.Determining a suitable measure based on the characteristics of the company in the capital market that can help define the liquidity of the stock, MoreStock liquidity risk can be considered as one of the most important factors in determining the expected returns of investors.Determining a suitable measure based on the characteristics of the company in the capital market that can help define the liquidity of the stock, would lead to a proper decision of investors. In this regard, in the present study, the effect of the systemic liquidity risk of assets (in particular stocks) in the Tehran Stock Exchange was investigated during the years 1385-1395. In this research, the d non-trading days are used as liquidity indicators of stock trades. It was found that, first, The co-movement between individual stock liquidity and market liquidity is not significantly related to stock returns. Second . The co-movement between market returns and individual stock liquidity is positively related to stock returns. Third, The co-movement between market liquidity and individual stock returns is negetivly related to stock returns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - CERTAIN SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR CLOSE-TO-CONVEXITY OF ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS
Indu Kala Tripathi -
Open Access Article
213 - Effects of the vermicompost and the nano chelate fertilizer on yield and yield components of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under no irrigation condition
mohamad saboury Seyed Mostafa SadeghiIn order to study of the vermicompost and the nano chelate fertilizer effects on yield and yield components of peanut, split-plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Astkhrbyjar, Astaneashrafie, in 2014. Main factor MoreIn order to study of the vermicompost and the nano chelate fertilizer effects on yield and yield components of peanut, split-plot experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out in Astkhrbyjar, Astaneashrafie, in 2014. Main factor was vermicompost (0, 6 and 12 tons/ha) and sub factor spraying of the nano chelate fertilizer (control, Fe, Zn and Fe+Zn). The experiment results showed that there is significant difference between levels of vermicompost in traits of the seed weigth per plant and the weight of 100 seeds. The maximum seed weigth per plant was observed for 6 ton/ha vermicompost level and in weigth of 100 seeds for 12 ton/ha. It was observed significant difference between levels of nano chelate fertilizer in traits of the number of pods per plant, pod yield, seed yield, the length of seed and the weight of 100 seeds. The maximum of seed yield and the number of pods per plant was observed in level of combining Fe and Zn nano chelate and pod yield and the weigth of 100 seeds in level of combining Fe and Zn nano chelate and Fe nano chelate. So vermicompost treatment had no significant effect on seed yield while it was effective on the seed weight per plant and the weight of 100 seeds. But spraying of combining Fe and Zn nano chelate is suggested as suitable fertility management for peanut grown under the region,s conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on grain and oil yield of sesame
hamed bekhrad fateme niknam B. MahdaviTo evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertili MoreTo evaluate effects of nano fertilizer and different levels of nitrogen on sesame, a factorial experiment, arranged in randomized complete block design with 3 replications, was done in the research station of Kahnoj. Factors in this experiment included four nano fertilizer (0, 1, 2 and 3 /1000) and N levels in four levels (0, 50, 100 and150 Kg N/hac). Analysis of variance showed significant effects of N and nano fertilizer on all characters. Maximum plant height, amount of capsul and biological yield was obtained in 150 Kg nitrogen and minimum level of these parameters was in 0 Kg N. In nano fertilizer yield per plant, amount of capsul and biological yield, was maximum in (3/1000) treatment, while plant height was maximum in 2/1000 treatment. N fertilizer together with nano fertilizer increased 1000 kernel weight, grain yield and biological index, in comparison with none fertilizer treatment and the highest amount of this parameters was in 100 kg N and 2/1000 nano fertilizer treatments. For the oil percent maximum average was 58.5% more than none N fertilizer treatment and maximum amount of oil between nano fertilizer was obtained in 2/1000 and the minimum was in none nano fertilizer usage. Generally, it can be said that the effects of nitrogen and nano fertilizer increased availability of nutrients, which is required by plant, and caused the best growing condition for the sesame Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on seed yield and yield components of flax (Linum ussitatissimum L.) under drought stress
Maryam Soltanian Ali TadayyonIn order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress on linseed …, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord Universi MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under drought stress on linseed …, an experiment was conducted as split-plot arrangement based on RCBD with three replications at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Shahrekord University in 2013. Drought stress at four levels of without stress, moderate, the average, and severe stress as the main factor and inoculation with Glomus intraradices, Glomus mosseae and no inoculation as sub factor were evaluated. The results showed that the effect of mycorrhiza inoculation and drought stress treatment had significant effect on all measured traits. The interactions between mycorrhiza and drought stress treatments were significant on capsule number per plant and seed number per capsule. Based on the results in this experiment inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi, increased grain yield and 1000 seeds weight 27% and 10.6% respectively compare to no inoculation treatment. Based on resulted in this experiment symbiosis of flax with of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi caused increased in all traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Effect of defiecit irrigation on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale (XTriticosecal) genotypes
طاهره ایراندوست احسان بیژن زادهTo investigate the effect of terminal drought stress on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale genotypes, a field experiment was conducted at Agriculture College and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University during 2013-2014 growing season. Trea MoreTo investigate the effect of terminal drought stress on yield, yield components and canopy temperature of triticale genotypes, a field experiment was conducted at Agriculture College and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University during 2013-2014 growing season. Treatments included (Common irrigation, deficit irrigation after flowering, milk development, and dough development stages), and triticale genotypes (Sanabad, ET-83-18, line 20, line 8 and line 10) were assigned in main factor and sub factor, respectively. The experiment was split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. Sanabad cultivar with 336.1 had the highest spike number/m2 when exposed to deficit irrigation after flowering. No significant difference was observed between grain number per spike of deficit irrigation after flowering and milk development treatments in Sanabad, Line 20, and Line 10. Line 10 with 46.23 g and ET-83-18 with 34.83 had maximum and minimum 1000-kernel weight, under deficit irrigation after flowering, respectively. In all genotypes, canopy temperature in deficit irrigation after flowering and milk development treatments was more than common irrigation and Line 20 with 6423 kg/ha grain yield was the best genotype under deficit irrigation after flowering and had the lowest canopy temperature compared to other genotypes. It was concluded that canopy temperature can be a suitable tool in evaluation and selection of tolerant genotypes under water deficit condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - The effect of autumn and spring planting season on yield and yield components chickpea in the dry conditions Aleshtar
payam pezeshkpourAbstract Planting date and genotype are two important factors affecting the growth and yield of crops, including chickpea.Therefore,In order to investigate the possibility of winter chickpea grown under dryland conditions in comparison with conventional farming (spring MoreAbstract Planting date and genotype are two important factors affecting the growth and yield of crops, including chickpea.Therefore,In order to investigate the possibility of winter chickpea grown under dryland conditions in comparison with conventional farming (spring) and to determine the appropriate figures in each of the seasons of planting, research was conducted in the agricultural year 2008-2009 in Aleshta.Experiment two sowing seasons (winter and spring) and Varieties (Azzad, Arman, Hashem and local mass Greet) that the factorial in a randomized complete block design with four replications.The results showed the effect of planting season, grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, one seed and two seed pods per unit area, number of pods per plant and seed weight were significant. Fall planting 1819.8 kg per hectare in grain yield, number of pods per unit area 669.3 pods per square meter and the number of seeds per square meter(675) increased. The different varieties significant effect on grain yield, number of seeds per pod, pod and seed weight per unit area had a single seed.The highest grain yield (2243.3kg ha) related to the cultivation of winter and Azad varity.Due to a significant increase in crop yield of winter to spring and good product positioning also recommend This product Aleshtar dry conditions in winter and Azad varieties resistant to blight disease is to be planted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Effect of bio fertilizers and nano zinc on yield and yield components of maize(Zea mays L.).
Arash Roozbahani mahsa zarandiTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavan MoreTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavand city. In this experiment factors including biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizers at four levels including control or without the use of chemical and bio fertilizers, bio fertilizers application only(Nitragin),applying chemical fertilizers(100%dose) recommended based on soil test, chemical fertilizer(75%dose) recommended based on soil test and bio fertilizers (Nitragin) application and zinc fertilizer treatment including three levels control or no application zinc ,application of chelated zinc and application of Nano zinc respectively. The results showed the impact of bio fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizer was significant in all traits. Between chemical and bio fertilizers levels, 75% chemical fertilizer + nitragin had the highest number of seeds per row, grain yield and biological yield and had the greatest impact than the other levels. The results showed the impact of zinc fertilizer on the number of rows, grain yield and biological yield was significant. Also interaction effects of treatments on number of seeds per row and biological yield were significant. The results of this study indicate that the use of bio fertilizers in combination with chemical fertilizers on improve the yield and yield components of maize and also in order to sustain production and environmental protection had a positive impact and it seems bio fertilizers are a suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate spraying on growth, yield and photosynthetic pigments in wheat cultivar Alvand
abbas fallahDrought stress is a major contributor to decrease growth and yield of wheat that decline the absorption of micronutrients especially zinc from the soil. This experiment was carried out as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications to invest MoreDrought stress is a major contributor to decrease growth and yield of wheat that decline the absorption of micronutrients especially zinc from the soil. This experiment was carried out as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications to investigate the effect of zinc sulfate on increasing tolerance to drought stress in wheat, at research farm of Fereydunshahr, Esfahan province in 2016-2017. Treatments included drought stress at 50, 75 and 90% field capacity (FC) and zinc sulfate solution at zero (control), 0.5% and 1% in three stages (tillering, stem elongation, flag leaf appearance). In this experiment, drought stress significantly reduced plant height, number of spikes per square meter, 1000-seed weight, spike length, biological yield, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and protein. Irrigation in 50% of crop capacity (severe stress) increased the amount of proline by 41.24% compared to control. Zinc sulfate solution (1%) significantly increased all parameters including seed yield (2602.3 kg/ha), biological yield (7603 kg/ha), protein (13.04%) and Proline (35.03 μM/g fresh weight). In the interaction of zinc sulfate solution (1%), under severe stress conditions, chlorophyll b was increased by 34.85% relative to non-soluble spray. In general, foliar application of zinc decreased harmful effects of oxidative stress due to water deficit stress and improved growth conditions for plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Interaction Between Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Drought Stress on Photosynthetic Pigments and Yield in Four Wheat Cultivars
Saeed Samsami forood Bazrafshan Mahdi Zare Bahram Amiri Abdollah BahraniEffect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars in two locations (Kudian and Nasrabad, Fars province, Iran) were investigated. The experiment was conducted as sp MoreEffect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars in two locations (Kudian and Nasrabad, Fars province, Iran) were investigated. The experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with two main irrigation levels (normal and interrupted irrigation at the stem stage). Four wheat cultivars (Shiroodi, Chamran 2, Chamran matri, and Siamran) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 120, 240 and 360 kg ha-1) with three replications were used as sub-factors. Grain yield traits, number of grains per spike, number of spikes per square meter, 1000-grain weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid and flavonoid pigments were evaluated. The results showed that drought stress reduced chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, flavonoid, yield and yield components. Drought stress reduced grain yield by 29% but application of 120, 240 and 360 kg ha-1 nitrogen increased yield by 25, 32 and 15%, respectively. Therefore, the use of 240 kg nitrogen could be useful for these cultivars in both drought and non-stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Effect of silicon and Nitrocara bio-fertilizer on morpho-physiological parameters of wheat under different irrigation regimes
Mehrdad Arab Aval Ha,mid Reza GanjaliIn order to study the effect of silicon foliar application and Nitrocara biofertilizer on some morpho-physiological traits of wheat under different irrigation regimes, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot, during two cropping years in research farm of I MoreIn order to study the effect of silicon foliar application and Nitrocara biofertilizer on some morpho-physiological traits of wheat under different irrigation regimes, an experiment was conducted as a factorial split-plot, during two cropping years in research farm of Islamic Azad University, Zabol Branch, Iran. Experimental treatments included water stress (irrigation regimes after water depletion of 50, 75, and 90% of field capacity) in the main plots and silicon acid foliar application at three levels of 0, 1 and 1.5 mM and Nitrocara biofertilizer in two levels of inoculation and non-inoculation (one liter per hectare as seed) in subplots were assessed. The results showed that the non-inoculate seeds with Nitrocara under 50% irrigation regime and seed inoculation under 75% irrigation regime in the second year of the experiment resulted in the highest wheat grain yield with an average of 1901.5 and 1892.3 g/m2, respectively. The highest total biomass was related to the inoculation of seeds with Nitrocara along with the use of 1 mM silicon in the second year of the experiment under irrigation regime of 50% moisture depletion (8793.3 g/m2). In general, under low irrigation conditions, the use of Nitrocara biofertilizer as well as silicon foliar application led to improved physiological parameters and increased growth and yield indices of wheat in Sistan climatic conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Sulfuric acid immobilized on silica: A versatile and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of phenanthrimidazole derivatives
Hossein Behmadi Seyed Mahdi Saadati Mina Roshani Hasan Mohammadi Abbas Razavi Marjan Ramezani -
Open Access Article
223 - Evaluation of Morphological Traits in Some Castor Plant Genotypes in Isfahan Climate Condition
SHAHLA ETEBARIAN HOSSEIN ALI ASADI-GHARNEH -
Open Access Article
224 - Effect of Cutting Height and Seed Cutting Date on Grain yield and Yield Components in Berseem Clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)
MAHNAZ BOVAIRI alireza shokoohfar GHOLAM REZA ABADOUZ -
Open Access Article
225 - Evaluation of Source and Sink relationship in two sunflower hybrids
M. Yarnia A. RahmatiStudy of sink-source relation has a high value on phloem loading by sucrose and show that which of the source production capacity or sink acceptance capacity has the higher effect on yield. Then a RCBD base on factorial experiment with two sunflower hybrids (Azargol and MoreStudy of sink-source relation has a high value on phloem loading by sucrose and show that which of the source production capacity or sink acceptance capacity has the higher effect on yield. Then a RCBD base on factorial experiment with two sunflower hybrids (Azargol and Alstar) and four seed elimination (without elimination, one third of anthodium lateral seeds, one third of anthodium middle seeds, and one third of anthodium central seeds) were conducted with three replications during 2004 in Tabriz. Seed elimination was done after full pollination. Results showed that there were significant differences between two hybrids in all characters, except 1000 kernel weight and seed thickness. 1000 kernel weight and seed dimensions increased by seed elimination but kernel/grain ratio decreased. Azargol and Alstar shoved 3.9 % and 6.9 % increasing in 1000 kernel weight respectively. 1000 kernel weight in control was 75.43 grams and in one third of anthodium lateral seeds, one third of anthodium middle seeds and one third of anthodium central seed were 81.37, 78.83 and 78.21 gr, respectively. Increasing 1000 kernel weight in elimination levels in related to control showed the source limitation of these hybrids and there was higher source limitation in Alstar than Azargol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Comparison between grain yield and yield components of sweet corn hybrids at different sowing dates in Arak environment
Hamid Madani Marzieh GHasemiThe present research was conducted in order to investigate and compare the yield and yield components of hybrid cultivars of sweet corn in different sowing dates as split plot with 4 replications in complete random blocks at Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, in 2008 MoreThe present research was conducted in order to investigate and compare the yield and yield components of hybrid cultivars of sweet corn in different sowing dates as split plot with 4 replications in complete random blocks at Islamic Azad University, Arak branch, in 2008. The treatments include date of sowing as main factor (09 June 2008, 20 June 2008 and 01 July 2008) and the cultivar as the subsidiary factor (Merit, Chase, Ksc.404, Ksc.403). The results indicate that sowing date has affected on grain yield, plant height, grain number in row, 1000 grain seeds and biologic yield; and the differences were statistically significant. The studies reveal that the effect of sowing date and cultivar on number of rows in was not statistically significant and it was not affected by sowing date and cultivar. In addition, among the studied cultivars, the cultivar Ksc.404 showed more privileges compared to the other studied cultivars such that in the matters of height, grain yield, grain number in row, 1000 grain weight and the biologic yield, the highest specifications were attributed to it and grain yield in maize harvested in the stage equivalent cultivar KSC.404 by 4.76 t/h and 1000 grain weight by 190.8 gr compared to the other were higher than other cultivars which has been studied. The results of this experience show that the date of sowing on 09 June, 2008 and the cultivar Ksc.404 were the most suitable sowing date and cultivar, respectively, according to this region's climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - An Approximate Solution for Glucose Model via Parameterization Method in Optimal Control Problems
Mohammad Gholami baladezaei Morteza Gachpazan Saedeh Foadian Hosein Mohammad-Pour Kargar -
Open Access Article
228 - New Exact Traveling Wave Solution of Fisher Kolmogorov-Petrovskii-Piskunov Equation for Favorite Genes Spreading by -expansion Method
Mohammad Gholami baladezaei Morteza Gachpazan Saedeh Foadian Hossein Mohammad-Pour Kargar -
Open Access Article
229 - Remediation of Glyphosate Polluted Soil Using Commelina Erecta and Triton X-100
Sebastian Komi Comfort Monago-Ighorodje Ogechukwu Ezim Idongesit Archibong Kelechi Nwauche Justice Osuoha -
Open Access Article
230 - Fabrication and characterization of ribbon and powder of amorphous alloy MBF-100 used in super alloy FSX- 414 TLP bonding
Mohamad Rajabi رضا بختیاریIn this research, the process of TLP joint for super alloy FSX-414 by using the interface layer of MBF-100 as ribbon or powder have been studied. For this purpose, two samples of cobalt base alloy super clubs FSX-414 with dimensions of 10 mm for connecting sample MoreIn this research, the process of TLP joint for super alloy FSX-414 by using the interface layer of MBF-100 as ribbon or powder have been studied. For this purpose, two samples of cobalt base alloy super clubs FSX-414 with dimensions of 10 mm for connecting sample with MBF ribbon & the other with the same dimensions with U&V shape track for connecting with powder have been done. In the following, both samples were subjected to a heat treatment cycle at temperature of 1175 degree of centigrade for 30 minutes’ microstructure of TLP connection area was investigated by using light microscope, scanning electronical microscope & EDS analysis, EDS map analysis & micro hardness. In microscopic pictures related to TLP bonding with ribbon & sample of powder of fuzzy areas, including the area under fuzzing & influenced area were specified completely. The result of EDS analysis & EDS map analysis & micro hardness of penetration capability& better connecting of ribbon rather than powder has been valided Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Friction Stir Welding of Ultrafine-Grained Al 1050: Investigation of Pin Geometry, Welding Atmosphere Temperature and Welding Speeds on the Mechanical Properties
Morteza Hosseini Habib Danesh-ManeshThe application of ultrafine-grained or nanostructured aluminum is very interesting owing to its high strength to weight ratio. Welding of these materials is one of the main challenges. Regarding the potential of the solid-state friction stir welding in joining of nanos MoreThe application of ultrafine-grained or nanostructured aluminum is very interesting owing to its high strength to weight ratio. Welding of these materials is one of the main challenges. Regarding the potential of the solid-state friction stir welding in joining of nanostructured materials, in the current research different equipment and techniques like optical and scanning and transmitted electron microscopes, Vickers microhardness, and uniaxial tensile tests were employed to study the effect of major welding parameters on the bonding quality of friction stir welded ultrafine-grained Al 1050 alloy produced via accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) method. The studied parameters were rotation and traveling speeds, pin geometry as well as welding atmosphere temperature. The results show the microhardness enhancement of the weld zone by decreasing the rotation speed or increment of traveling speed due to lower heat generation within the stir zone. Investigation of the pin geometry depicts an insignificant impact of this variable on the weld tensile properties. Only in the case of a threaded pin, a slight enhancement in the tensile properties was achieved. Submerge or underwater welding could improve joint strength. However, the application of extremely cold water with respect to 25° C water shows a reverse effect and leads to severe weld quality degradation owing to defects formation (like internal channels and surface discontinuity). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Correlation of Microstructure with Mechanical Behavior of HSLA-100 Weld Metal Produced By GTAW Method
Mahyar Darivandpour Reza Dehmolaei Khalil RanjbarIn this study, welding of high strength low alloy steel, HSLA-100 was performed using three fillers metals, cut from base metal (HSLA-100), ER100S-G and ER120S-G by GTAW procedure. Microstructural studies were conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopes. T MoreIn this study, welding of high strength low alloy steel, HSLA-100 was performed using three fillers metals, cut from base metal (HSLA-100), ER100S-G and ER120S-G by GTAW procedure. Microstructural studies were conducted using optical and scanning electron microscopes. Tensile, impact and hardness tests were also used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the joint. The results showed that the microstructure of HSLA-100 weld metal included granular bainite and polygonal ferrite, ER100S-G weld metal consisted of acicular, Widmannstatten and grain boundary ferrites and ER120S-G weld metal comprised of acicular, polygonal and quasi-polygonal ferrites. Furthermore, the formation of a secondary phase (constituent) of martensite / austenite (M / A) was observed in the microstructure of all weld metals. The predominant form of this phase in HSLA-100 and ER100S-G weld metals was blocky type and formed along the prior austenite grain boundries and in ER120S-G weld metal was in the form of stringer type. The results of mechanical tests demonstrated that among weld metals, ER120S-G weld metal had the highest tensile strength (859 MPa), percent elongation (22%), impact toughness (45 joule) and hardness (294.7 HV30). whilst, the ER100S-G weld metal had the lowest tensile strength (775 MPa) and hardness (268.4 HV30) and the HSLA-100 weld metal had the lowest impact toughness (25 Joule). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - The Investigation of the Corrosion Resistance of Al/Alumina Composites Fabricated Via ARB Process
Ali Jahangiri Sadri Mohammad Heydari Vini Saeed DaneshmandMetal matrix composites, high mechanical performance, usability at high temperatures, good wear resistance and low creep rate. This type of composite manufacturing method is very important. Among manufacturing processes, ARB process as a method of applying severe plasti MoreMetal matrix composites, high mechanical performance, usability at high temperatures, good wear resistance and low creep rate. This type of composite manufacturing method is very important. Among manufacturing processes, ARB process as a method of applying severe plastic deformation is used on the sheets. In this study 5Wt. % Al/alumina composites fabricated by accumulative roll bonding process up to eight steps using Al1060. Microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the composite were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), measurement in 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Corrosion behavior of the composite revealed a considerable improvement in the main electrochemical parameters, as a result of enhancing influence of cold rolling. Also, the electrochemical experiments showed that corrosion resistance of samples increasing with increasing the number of ARB cycles. After 8- cycle ARB have a low corrosion density in comparison with high corrosion density of annealed specimens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Optimization of Effective Parameters in the Stir Friction Extrusion Process on Porosity and Tensile Strength of SiC Ceramic Particles Reinforced AA1050 Aluminum Matrix Composite
Mojtaba Soleimanipour Reza Abedinzadeh Seyyed Ali Eftekhari Ali HeidariThis research, involved dynamic optimization of process parameters on the porosity and tensile strength of AA1050/SiC aluminum composite wires produced by friction stir extrusion (FSE) was carried out. In this regard, SiC ceramic particles reinforced AA1050 composite sa MoreThis research, involved dynamic optimization of process parameters on the porosity and tensile strength of AA1050/SiC aluminum composite wires produced by friction stir extrusion (FSE) was carried out. In this regard, SiC ceramic particles reinforced AA1050 composite samples were produced using the FSE process. Also, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design of experiment. The rotational speed of the punch, extrusion force, and reinforcement percentage weight were determined as input variables of the process. The porosity and tensile strength of produced composite samples were determined as response variables. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis were used to analyze the obtained data. The results showed that rotational speed, extrusion force with second-order effects, and reinforcement percentage with linear effects were effective on the tensile strength and porosity of composite samples. Also, the optimization of FSE process parameters to reach the minimum percentage of porosity and maximum tensile strength was performed using the desirability method. Finally, the optimization results were evaluated based on the validation test. Also, by achieving the maximum value of the desirability function (0.9852), the optimal conditions of process input variables were a rotational speed of 787 rpm, an extrusion force of 11.7 kN, and a reinforcement percentage of 3.86% to simultaneously achieve the maximum ultimate tensile strength (155.4 MPa) and minimum porosity percentage (0.45%). Also, the values obtained from the optimization were compared with the experimental values and the accuracy of the results in tensile strength and porosity were confirmed with 2.57% and 6.78% errors, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - تاثیر نوع فرآیند ذوب مجدد بر ریزساختار و سختی سوپرآلیاژ پایه نیکل ریختگی IN100
امیر جعفری سید مهدی عباسی مریم مرکباتی معصومه سیف اللهی -
Open Access Article
236 - بررسی خواص لومینسنت:Sr2+ CaSnO3 تهیه شده توسط روش میکروامولسیون با استفاده ازفعال کننده سطحی تریتون X-100
شهدخت شجاعی سید علی حسن زاده تبریزی -
Open Access Article
237 - بررسی شکلگیری عیوب و لایههای بین فلزی در جوشکاری اصطکاکی اغتشاشی آلومینیم AA1100 به فولاد A441 AISI
حامد آقاجانی درازکلا مجید الیاسی مرتضی حسین زاده -
Open Access Article
238 - The Effect of Q10 on Reducing of Induced Diabetic Kidney Tissue Injury and Improvement of the Serum Levels of Renal Functional Factors in Rat
سید سجاد حجازیThe present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Q10 on the damage of kidney tissue as well as serum factor levels due to diabetes induction in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental model of diabetes type A in rats was induced by intraperi MoreThe present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of Q10 on the damage of kidney tissue as well as serum factor levels due to diabetes induction in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The experimental model of diabetes type A in rats was induced by intraperitoneally injection of 120 mg Alloxan monohydrate per kg/bw. Physiology serum was used as Alloxan solvent. Control group rats received buffer citrate 0.05 M (pH= 4.5), intraperitoneally. The Q10- treatment group received 75 mg/kg Q10 via gavage for one month. In Alloxan-Q10 treatment group, the rats at first were diabetic and then they received 75 mg/kg Q10 via gavage for one month. Severe tissue damage was observed in the obtained tissue samples from diabetic rats. The tissue damages were in the forms of acute tubular necrosis, interstitial tubular nephrosis, vacuolar alterations, and atherosclerosis. The obtained results from urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels in understudied rats demonstrated a significant difference between diabetic-treatment group and diabetic-Q10 group (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Clinical Samples Using Real Time PCR Techniques
محیا Mousavi هادی AmrollahiTuberculosis is an infectious disease is created by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can be resistant to antimicrobials drugs that used to treat the disease. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) means resistant to the drugs isoniazid and rifampin. The purpose of this MoreTuberculosis is an infectious disease is created by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It can be resistant to antimicrobials drugs that used to treat the disease. Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) means resistant to the drugs isoniazid and rifampin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence or absence of any contaminant patients through IS6110 fragment in the sample and also the presence or absence of resistance to the antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid in the sample with Real Time PCR technique. Sputum samples were collected from patients with tuberculosis were cultured in medium L-J And extracted genomic DNA using CTAB technique was performed to determine the resistance or non-resistance samples were analyzed by Real Time PCR. Samples using conventional PCR technique using specific primers for the detection of IS6110 examined whether being tubersulosis or non-tuberculosis. Study of 21 Clinical cases, demonstrate that 17 cases was Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and 4 were non Tuberculosis. All samples were also sensitive to the antibioticUsing Real Time PCR diagnostic techniques are useful for the study of antibiotic resistance genes in the shortest possible time (less than a day) and high specificity and accuracy at the time of diagnosis can be done. Fortunately in this study all samples were sensitive to all antibiotics rifampin and isoniazid the probable cause of this result can because of successfully controlled disease by medical centers through successive examinations of patients and the low statistics of immigrants in the province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Protective Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on Rat Sperm and Testicular Tissue after Exposure to Diazinon
Sima Ebadi Naftchali Ramezan Khanbabaei Abasali Dehpour Jouybari Roya Bishekolaei Esmaeil FattahiDiazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate insecticide that causes a wide range of pathological effects on the male reproductive system, disturbances in sperm production and quality, and fertility problems. This study investigated the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 treatme MoreDiazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate insecticide that causes a wide range of pathological effects on the male reproductive system, disturbances in sperm production and quality, and fertility problems. This study investigated the protective effect of coenzyme Q10 treatment on sperm quality, oxidant/antioxidant system, and histopathology of testicular tissue in male rats after exposure to diazinon. This experimental study was carried out on 16 adult male Wistar albino rats with an approximate weight of 150 to 230 gr, which were obtained from the animal care center.The animals were randomly divided into four groups (n=4) and were tested by intraperitoneal injection for 30 days which including the diazinon exposure group (50 mg/kg of diazinon dissolved in sesame oil intraperitoneally injected), the coenzyme Q10 and diazinon exposure group (50 mg/kg of diazinon and 10 mg/kg of coenzyme Q10 dissolved in sesame oil intraperitoneally injected), group of coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg of coenzyme Q10 dissolved in sesame oil intraperitoneally injected), and the control group (1.5 mg/kg of sesame oil intraperitoneally injected). After treating coenzyme Q10 with diazinon, a significant increase in the number and motility of sperm and a decrease in sperm mortality were observed (P<0/05). Exposure to diazinon with coenzyme Q10 treatment was able to decrease the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to the diazinon group (P<0/05). Simultaneous exposure to diazinon and coenzyme Q10 treatment led to a decrease in testicular histopathological damage after exposure to diazinon. It seems that coenzyme Q10 can have a good protective effect against oxidative damage in the male reproductive system caused by exposure to diazinon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Investigating the effect of two weeks of Q10 supplementation on troponins I and T in male rats for its inhibitory activity
Moghgan gudarzi mania roozbayani vahid valipoor dehno Reza GoodarziPerforming intense exercise activities is associated with an increase in oxidizing substances in the body, which can cause damage to the heart tissue, and subsequently, the level of troponins I and T increases. In such cases, taking nutritional supplements such as coenz MorePerforming intense exercise activities is associated with an increase in oxidizing substances in the body, which can cause damage to the heart tissue, and subsequently, the level of troponins I and T increases. In such cases, taking nutritional supplements such as coenzyme Q10 can probably prevent these injuries. However, no comprehensive studies have been conducted regarding the effects of this food item on the indicators of heart damage following sports activities. For this purpose, 40 8-week-old male Wistar rats with an average weight of 239.48+6.7 grams were randomly divided into 4 groups: placebo, placebo + acute activity, supplement and supplement + acute activity. The supplement groups received 0.02 ml of Q10 supplement per day for two weeks by gavage. The acute activity groups also performed the activity of swimming in water until exhaustion after the completion of the supplemental period. 2 hours after the acute activity, blood samples were taken from the hearts of mice to measure troponin I and T proteins, and then plasma samples were prepared. One-way ANOVA test showed that troponin I and T increased significantly after exercise in both groups compared to before exercise (p=0.000). Also, the results showed that the consumption of Q10 causes a significant decrease in troponin I (p=0.000) and troponin T (p=0.019) compared to the placebo group in response to the inhibitory activity. Based on the results obtained from the present study, two-week supplementation of coenzyme Q10 may be able to reduce the damage caused to the rat's heart due to the activity of the inhibitor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - The Effect of Coenzyme Q10 on the Nervous Protection and Movement Disorders in Model of Mice Parkinson’s Disease induced by 6-HDOP
M. Azarshab J. Solati R. Hahikhani M. Rahnema M.R. BigdeliParkinson’s disease is one of the most common types of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by motor disorders such as slow motion, lack of movement, muscle stiffness, resting vibrations and facial masks. The main cause of the disease is the destruction of dop MoreParkinson’s disease is one of the most common types of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by motor disorders such as slow motion, lack of movement, muscle stiffness, resting vibrations and facial masks. The main cause of the disease is the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of the substantia nigra in the middle cerebrum, which is associated with a decrease in dopamine concentration at the terminals of corpus striatum. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the 6-hydroxydopamine-induced animal model (PD). To create a mock-up model of Parkinson’s disease, 6-HDOP poison five μg/kg of mice body weight was injected into the Substantia nigra nucleus in adult NMRI mice. The accuracy of the Parkinson’s model in mice was confirmed using catalepsy and apomorphine-induced rotation tests. Immediately after surgery, the Parkinsonian mice were treated with water (solvent Q10) at doses of 25, 50, and 100 Coenzyme Q10 for two weeks and then subjected to behavioural tests, and the neurons of the substantia nigra nucleus were counted. The results indicated that treatment with Q10 significantly reduced the immobility time and Catalepsy, increased motor activity and decreased apomorphine rotation, indicating the protective effects of Coenzyme Q10 against Parkinson’s disease damage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Evaluating the Effect of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on Fertility, Depression, and Anxiety in Male Rats
Maryam Sharafi chie Ramin Hajikhani Jalal Solati Maryam khosraviQuenzim Q10 (CoQ10) is a benzoquinone compound soluble in androgen lipid found in most tissues of the body. CoQ10 has a potent antioxidant activity and neutralizes free radicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CoQ10 as a potent antioxidant and fr MoreQuenzim Q10 (CoQ10) is a benzoquinone compound soluble in androgen lipid found in most tissues of the body. CoQ10 has a potent antioxidant activity and neutralizes free radicals. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CoQ10 as a potent antioxidant and free radicals neutralizer on reproductive disorders, sexual behaviors, anxiety, and depression in male rats. In this study, small male rats (weight range of30-35 g) were used. At first, the animals under study passed a two-week treatment period. The adult male rats were treated with doses of 200, 300, 400 mg/kg of CoQ10 for two weeks. Then the effects of the given treatment were studied in the physiologic section. After the end of the treatment period, the sexual behaviors were assessed in the control group and treated groups by sexual behavior test. Then, the anxiety and depression levels in adult male rats were assessed using EPM and forced swimming tests, respectively. The findings of this study showed that the prescription of CoQ10 alone did not have a significant effect on sexual behaviors, depression, and anxiety in male rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - مطالعه تجربی تولید آلومینیوم نانو ساختار با استفاده از روش اتصال فشاری جمعی
محسن مطهری نژاد سعید شهرکی در این مقاله روش اتصال فشاری تجمّعی که روش جدید تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید برای تولید فلزات نانوساختار حجیم بر پایه فشردن در قالب کانالی است مورد مطالعه قرار می گیرد. این فرآیند بر روی یکی از پرکاربردترین فلزات در صنعت یعنی آلومینیوم انجام شده است. با بررسی و تحلیل ن More در این مقاله روش اتصال فشاری تجمّعی که روش جدید تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید برای تولید فلزات نانوساختار حجیم بر پایه فشردن در قالب کانالی است مورد مطالعه قرار می گیرد. این فرآیند بر روی یکی از پرکاربردترین فلزات در صنعت یعنی آلومینیوم انجام شده است. با بررسی و تحلیل نمونهها مشخص شد که استحکام کششی نهایی پس ازچهار مرحله فرآیند به حدود 2 برابر نمونه آنیل شده افزایش یافته و از 60 به 123 رسیده است. ساختار اولیه با دانههای خشن μm6-8 به ساختاری با اندازه سلول های μm 2/1 در اولین پاس کرنشدهی، nm 627 بعد از پاس چهارم، تبدیل شده است. همچنبن سختی ویکرز نمونه ها پس از چهار پاس فرایند از 20 به 8/51 می رسد. این بهبود خواص از جمله افزایش استحکام و سختی و دستیابی به نسبت استحکام به وزن بالا میتواند به گسترش کاربرد این مواد جهت سبک سازی مؤثر سازه در صنایع خودروسازی و هواپیماسازی کمک شایانی نماید Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Risk assessment of PM2.5 on the health of citizens (Case study: district 10 of Tehran)
Maryam Ahmadi Askar Jalalian Ali Faghih Habibi -
Open Access Article
246 - بررسی تاثیر تجارت خارجی بر مصرف انرژی در منتخبی از کشورهای عضو سازمان اکو
رویا آل عمران سیدعلی پایتختی اسکوییچکیده از آنجائیکه روند شتابان توسعه اقتصادی و صنعتی در کشورهای جهان، تا حدود زیادی به سطح مصرف حامل های انرژی ارتباط دارد و انرژی بیشترین سهم را در فعالیت ها و تجارت جهانی به خود اختصاص داده است، در این مقاله آثار تجارت خارجی، قیمت نفت و درآمد بر روی مصرف انرژی برای 8 Moreچکیده از آنجائیکه روند شتابان توسعه اقتصادی و صنعتی در کشورهای جهان، تا حدود زیادی به سطح مصرف حامل های انرژی ارتباط دارد و انرژی بیشترین سهم را در فعالیت ها و تجارت جهانی به خود اختصاص داده است، در این مقاله آثار تجارت خارجی، قیمت نفت و درآمد بر روی مصرف انرژی برای 8 کشور از اعضای سازمان اکو طی سالهای 2009-1994 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. برای برآورد اثرات متغیرها، از تکنیک اقتصاد سنجی با رویکرد داده های تابلویی به شیوه ی حداقل مربعات استفاده شده است. نتایج رگرسیونی نشان می دهد که درآمد دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار، قیمت نفت دارای تاثیر منفی و معنی دار، تجارت خارجی(مجموع صادرات و واردات) دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر روی مصرف انرژی می باشند. همچنین به منظور پی بردن بیشتر به جزئیات نتایج، علاوه بر بررسی تجارت خارجی بصورت کلی(مجموع صادرات و واردات)، بررسی هایی نیز بصورت جداگانه بر اساس تفکیک به صادرات و واردات صورت گرفته است، که با توجه به نتایج، صادرات و واردات به تفکیک دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر روی مصرف انرژی می باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
247 - Improvement yield and grain protein of barley (Hordeum valgare L.) by iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray
Majid Rajaie Mojtaba CharkhandehIn order to investigate the effect of iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray on the yield and grain protein in barley, an experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications in Darab, during 2012-2013. The total of 8 treatments were use MoreIn order to investigate the effect of iron, manganese and zinc foliar spray on the yield and grain protein in barley, an experiment was carried out in a randomized completely block design with 3 replications in Darab, during 2012-2013. The total of 8 treatments were used that consisted of T1- Control test without spraying, T2- Spraying with a concentration of 0.2% iron, T3- 0.2% zinc, T4- 0.2% Mn, T5- T2+T3, T6- T2+T4, T7- T3+T4 and T8- T2+T3+T4. The results showed that application of micronutrient fertilizers increased the yield and yield components of barley. So that the simultaneous application of iron, zinc and manganese could significantly increase the grain yield, number of grains per ear, 1000 seed weight, biological yield, harvest index, stem soluble carbohydrates and grain protein. The highest concentrations of iron, zinc and manganese in grain and leaf were observed when each one of the elements was individually sprayed on plant aerial parts. The lowest concentrations of iron, zinc and manganese in grain were obtained in the combination of zinc+ manganese, iron+ manganese and iron + zinc, respectively. Among the applied, iron had the best effect on the increase of grain yield than the other elements. By increasing the number of elements used in the spraying solutions, their efficiency in supplying the plant requirement was reduced. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that in addition to grain enrichment, the micronutrient fertilizers have been able to increase the yield and yield components of the barley Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
248 - تاثیر مکمل دهی کوتاه مدت ویتامین E و کوآنزیم Q10 بر مالون دی آلدئید پلاسمایی در کومیته کاران دختر 17-15 سال
عیدی علیجانی علیرضا رحیمی فاطمه فلاح -
Open Access Article
249 - Investigating yield and yield components of different faba bean (Vicia faba L.) genotypes at delayed planting dates under Gorgan climatic conditions
fateme sheykh mohamad taghi feyz bakhsh safora jafer node To investigate the effect of sowing date on vegetative characteristics, yield and yieldcomponents of faba, 5 faba bean genotypes along with Barekat cultivar (control), a splitplot experiment based on completely randomized design with 4 replications wasconducted at More To investigate the effect of sowing date on vegetative characteristics, yield and yieldcomponents of faba, 5 faba bean genotypes along with Barekat cultivar (control), a splitplot experiment based on completely randomized design with 4 replications wasconducted at Agricultural Research Station of Gorgan in 2014-2015. Three sowing datesof 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January and Barekat cultivar and 5 largeseeded genotypes of G-faba-8, G-faba-10, G-faba-621, G-faba-9 and G-faba 620 wereassigned to main-plots and sub-plots, respectively. The results of variance analysis showedthat interaction of sowing date ×cultivar was significant for all studied traits except forplant height and tillers per plant. Due to significance of the interaction, it was sliced. Theresults of mean comparison showed that delay in sowing led to significant reduction inplant height, 100 grain weight, green pods and grain yield. Mean genotype yield forsowing dates of 6th of December, 21st of December and 5th of January was 403.17, 346.04and 337.15 g.m-2, respectively. At 5th of January, G-faba-621 ،G-faba-620 and G-faba-10genotype had a higher yield compared to other genotypes. According to the findings,higher yields may be obtained in delayed cropping using genotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
250 - Effect of foliar application of salicylic acid and naphthalene acetic acid on morphophysiological traits and product parameters of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.)
Amir Faridnia Tayeb SakinejadThis experiment was conducted during 2016 as factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of three levels of naphthalene acetic acid (0, 200 and 400 ppm) and the second factor included three levels of s MoreThis experiment was conducted during 2016 as factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor consisted of three levels of naphthalene acetic acid (0, 200 and 400 ppm) and the second factor included three levels of salicylic acid (0, 2 and 4 mM). The results showed growth improvement process in physiological indicators spraying with 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid was higher, And the least effect on the physiological parameters of growth in the control (without the use of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid). The difference between naphthalene acetic acid levels was significant in terms of plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, 1000 seed weight and grain yield at 1% probability level. The difference between salicylic acid levels was significant in all traits measured at 1% level. In the interaction, 1000-seed weight at the probability level of 5% and grain yield were significant at 1% probability level. the highest grain yield was observed in the interaction of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid with 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid with 2666 kg ha-1 And the lowest in control treatment (without the use of naphthalene acetic acid and salicylic acid) with 874 kg ha-1. the maximum weight of 1000 seeds In the effect of 200 ppm naphthalenic acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid with a weight of 46.8 g and the lowest in the control with 35.4 g. according to these results, application of 200 ppm naphthalene acetic acid and 2 mM salicylic acid increases the morpho-physiological traits and produced components and is also recommended in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Protective Effect of Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin C on Cysteamine�Induced Lipid Peroxidation
سروش Almasi بابک Rezvanjoo S.H Shirazibeheshtiha علی Namvaran AbbasAbad مهدی khosraviBenefts of antioxidant supplementation in various disorders through reducing free radicals and improving organsperformance have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 and vitaminC on Cysteamine-induced lipid peroxidation and MoreBenefts of antioxidant supplementation in various disorders through reducing free radicals and improving organsperformance have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of coenzyme Q10 and vitaminC on Cysteamine-induced lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress.This experimental interventional study was conducted on male Wistar rats. Animals were divided into four groups(six rats) randomly. Groups were treated as; group 1 (Normal saline), Group 2 (Cysteamine), Group 3 (vitaminC plus Cysteamine), Group 4 (coenzyme Q10 plus Cysteamine). 24 hours after the last injection, rats wereanesthetized and sampled for investigations. Welch’s and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for analyzing data and P< 0.05 was set the signifcance level.The results of this study indicate that injection of cysteamine signifcantly (P < 0.05) decreased glutathioneperoxidase activity compared with control group. Pretreatment with vitamin C signifcantly (P < 0.05) increasedglutathione peroxidase activity compared with cysteamine group. Pretreatment with coenzyme Q10 increasedglutathione peroxidase activity (P <0.001) and superoxide dismutase (P <0.05) signifcantly compared withcysteamine group.Based on the results of this study, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin C can be used in reducing oxidative stress inducedcysteamine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
253 - Effect of Planting Date and Zinc Sulfate on Phenology, Growth Indices and Grain Yield of Lallemantiaiberica (M.B.) Fischer & Meyer
Mina Rostami Farid Shekari Kamran Afsahi Majid KhiyaviThe production of oilseeds, edible leaves, and secondary metabolites of dragon's head makes it an important food, forage, and medicinal plant. Choosing a proper planting date and plant nutrition can make a significant effecton crop plantsgrowth, quality and yield.The ef MoreThe production of oilseeds, edible leaves, and secondary metabolites of dragon's head makes it an important food, forage, and medicinal plant. Choosing a proper planting date and plant nutrition can make a significant effecton crop plantsgrowth, quality and yield.The effects of planting date (16 March, 14 April, and 13 May 2019) and foliar application of zinc sulfate (zero as control, 2 and 4 g.L-1) on growth indices and seed yield of dragon's head was evaluated under a field experiment.Delayed planting date reduced the days to flowering, days to seed ripening, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR) and grain yield, and yield components.In contrast, the use of zinc sulfate increased plant height, LAI, CGR and RGR. There was a correlation between plant height and number of branches and consequently there were more capsules per plant.The highest effect of zinc sulfate application on seed yield and yield components was observed in the first planting date and with delay in planting, the efficiency of zinc sulfate fertilizer application decreased. On the third planting date, zinc sulfate application had no significant effect on grain yield. As a result of late planting, fewer branches, fewer capsules per plant, and smaller seeds contributed to the yield reduction.It was found that early cultivation and application of zinc sulfate increased plant height, number of branches, number of capsules per plant, 1000-seed weight, and thus seed yield, by increasing the days to flowering, days to ripening, LAI, CGR, and RGR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - Studying the driving factors affecting the sustainable development of the historical contexts of Tehran metropolis (Case study: Haft Chenar Briyank neighborhood Beryank, District 10)
Mohammad mehrandish Hossein Zabihi hamid majedi seied majid mofidi shemiraniThe sustainable development of historical contexts means the development that takes advantage of preserving and improving urban historical contexts with the aim of preserving cultural identity, historical values, and natural resources.This article has tried to identify MoreThe sustainable development of historical contexts means the development that takes advantage of preserving and improving urban historical contexts with the aim of preserving cultural identity, historical values, and natural resources.This article has tried to identify and cluster the driving forces affecting the future state of sustainable development of Mohibe Beryank, district 10 of Tehran metropolis, using the method of structural analysis. This article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. Theoretical data was prepared by document method and experimental data by survey method based on Delphi technique. The statistical population is 30 experts and specialists based on judgmental or purposeful sampling and the drivers studied are 40 driving forces in 4 dimensions, which are processed by structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software. The findings of this research showed that the general pattern of the study's drivers dispersion in terms of mutual effects analysis, in general, indicates the situation of an unstable environmental system in which the drivers of development are complex and It has intermediates. The state of clustering of thrusters is indicative of cluster concentration in dual thrusters. Among the 40 driving forces, 10 driving forces have more key effects in affecting the future state of sustainable development of Haft Chenar Beryank neighborhood in District 10, which include having a job and adequate income, the existence of various job opportunities in the city, strengthening the sense of belonging to a place, strengthening public trust between citizens, increasing optimal density in the fabric, access to recreational and leisure spaces, creating active public spaces, democracy and citizen participation, improving public transportation and considering construction design considerations.strengthening public trust between citizens, increasing optimal density in the fabric, access to recreational and leisure spaces, creating active public spaces, democracy and citizen participation, improving public transportation and considering construction design considerations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - The effect of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes in testicular tissue in azoospermia model rat.
seyed sasan Hoseyni Habib Asgharpour پروین فرزانگیpurpose: Azoospermia means lack of sperm in semen. One percent of all men and ten percent of infertile men suffer from azoospermia, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of I Morepurpose: Azoospermia means lack of sperm in semen. One percent of all men and ten percent of infertile men suffer from azoospermia, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes in testicular tissue. It is azoospermia in rats. Methods: Forty 6- to 8-week-old rats were randomly selected, and then the azoospermia model was induced with Busulfan at a dose of 40 mg in mice. One month after induction of the model, stem cells were transplanted once in the vas deferens at the rate of one million cells per mouse. Then, one week after cell transplantation, a laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and a power of 10 mW and energy 3 joules were applied in three repetitions throughout the study period with an interval of once a week, and after improving the effects of surgery, swimming training were performed for 30 minutes and 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that induction of azoospermia model caused a significant increase in IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes compared to healthy group rats (P≤0.05). Also, performing the interventional methods of laser therapy, cell therapy and exercise significantly reduced the expression of these genes in the testicular tissue of rats compared to the patient group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Swimming exercise in combination with cell and laser therapy may help the fertility of azoospermia model rats by reducing testicular tissue inflammation signaling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - a
زهرا حیدری -
Open Access Article
257 - The impact of planting method and nitrogen chemical biofertilizer on the sunflower yield components
مريم پیرمحمدی علی نصرالله زاده اصلIn the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blo MoreIn the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blocks with two factors and three replications in Chaypareh, in 1393. The first planting method included two levels ( plot and mound stream ), the second one with nitrogen fertilizer in six levels ( control, biofertilizer of bionitroxin together with 50 kg of urea chemical fertilizer; nitroxin biofertilizer with 150 kg urea, and 200 kg urea chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer had significant impact on the height of stalk, diameter of bush and anthodium, 100-grain weight, number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen in complete use of urea fertilizer treatments and nitrogen biofertilizer with 150 kg urea chemical fertilizer. These two treatments, in seed yield, were in one statistical group which are recommended for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and environment preservation by which %25 of urea fertilizer consumption is reduced. The effect of planting method was also meaningful to the brush height, plate and stalk diameter, 100-seed weight, the number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen as 599.08 kg per square meter by planting on stream mound method. In this case, plant uses the natural resources efficiently and the seed yield is increased by %20 in mound planting method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Investigation of Temporal – spatial variations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city Using GIS (2013-2020)
Maryam Ansari محمود احمدی Reza GoudarziBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric sta MoreBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric station data of Tehran Air Quality Control Company were used for evaluating the variations of air pollutants in temporal-spatial scales during 2013-2020. The results of statistical analysis of pollutant distribution in temporal-spatial scales were provided by using Arc GIS software and analytical function of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) as maps, tables and graphs was demonstrated. Findings: Based on the results, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) reached the minimum (65 and 23 µg/m3) and maximum concentration (81 and 30 µg/m3) at 18 and 24 p.m., respectively. In addition, maximum (81 and 30 µg/m3) and minimum concentration (73 and 23 µg/m3) of these pollutants was respectively related to Wednesday and Friday. Maximum seasonal concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) relates to summer (90 µg/m3) and winter (35 µg/m3) respectively and the minimum seasonal concentration (65 and 24 µg/m3) of both pollutants relate to spring. The results of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) indicated that west, south and central regions of Tehran in summer season involved with particulate matter (PM10) more than other regions. But in all seasons, except the western and southern regions, the central regions have a high concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5). Discussion and Conclusion: The particulate matter concentrations is more than its allowable limit in specific regions of Tehran in some yearly days and months. Therefore, city programmers and decision_ makers must have schedule table for particulate matter control management and air pollution reduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - The reaction of flue-cured tobacco genotypes to root- knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)
Afshin Sajjadi Hoda assemiRoot knot causing by nematodes is a major disease of tobacco in all tobacco-producing countries in subtropical and tropical zones. Resistant cultivars implementation is the preferable economic management method. Nematicides are expensive and may pollute the environment. MoreRoot knot causing by nematodes is a major disease of tobacco in all tobacco-producing countries in subtropical and tropical zones. Resistant cultivars implementation is the preferable economic management method. Nematicides are expensive and may pollute the environment. Therefore, this study evaluated reaction of 100 flue-cured tobacco genotypes to Meloidogyne incognita based on completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouse at 25 ± 3oC of Tirtash Research and Education Center in 2010-2011 years. Each tobacco seedling was inoculated with 2000 eggs and second stage juveniles in 1.5 kg pot soil. After 60-70 days they have evaluated according to gall index, reproduction factors, number of egg masses and average of eggs per egg mass. Results of variance analysis showed that there were significant differences among cultivars. Genotypes of Coker 176, Mac Nair 944, S 392-3 S, TL33 and Bel 61-10 had the lowest gall index and reproduction factors. Eighteen susceptible and resistance genotypes were selected based on results of 2010 year and based on completely randomized design with five replications. The experiment was conducted in Tirtash Research and Education Center in 2011 year. Results of variance analysis showed that there were significant differences among the cultivars. Genotypes of Bel 61-10 with the lowest of gall index, reproduction factors, number of egg masses and average of eggs per egg mass, respectively 2, 1.1, 38.2 and 357 and Coker 176 by 1.6, 1.18, 38 and 354 as resistant genotypes were introduced. Genotype of Bel 61-10 as resistant parents in breeding work will be used in the future. Cultivar of Coker 176 for cultivation in the affected tobacco growing areas to root knot nematode is recommending. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Interaction of Irrigation Regimes and Nitrogen Sources on Grain Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat
Azhdar Annabi-MilaniNowadays increase of population and need for food and limitation of water resources have caused that the worth of this vital liquid to be cleared up more than ever. A field experiment was conducted at Tabriz plain during 1997-2000 to determination the water requirement MoreNowadays increase of population and need for food and limitation of water resources have caused that the worth of this vital liquid to be cleared up more than ever. A field experiment was conducted at Tabriz plain during 1997-2000 to determination the water requirement of wheat and interaction between applied water and sources of N fertilizer on water use efficiency (WUE). The experiment was carried out in factorial randomized complete block design with 4 irrigation levels (I1 to I4) based on Irrigation Depth per Cumulative Pan Evaporation (ID: CPE) ratios of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 in combination with 3 sources of N (N1 to N3) comprising ammonium sulfate, urea and ammonium nitrate and with 4 replications. Results indicated that there was significant difference between I1 and other treatments on both biomass and grain yield, but there was no difference between I2, I3 and I4. WUE was different between treatments significantly. Treatment I1 producing 1.89 kgmand treatment I4 with 1.09 kgmhad maximum and minimum WUE respectively. Mean consumed water in 3 years (irrigation plus rainfall) for I1 to I4 was calculated to be 4556, 5776, 6685 and 7713 m3ha-1 respectively. There were no significant differences between treatments in 1000 kernel weight, harvest index (HI) and protein content of seeds. Sources of N had no significant effect on WUE and yield component except 1000 kernel weight. Interaction of irrigation levels and N sources concerning yield components and WUE was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Effects of plant density on yield and yield components of a single cross corn (cv. SC 711) in Miyaneh region, Iran
Mohammad Reza Movahedi behruz salehiEffects of plant density (row intervals and plant distances) on the yield and yield components of a single cross corn named 711 were studied in Mianeh region, Azarbayejan-e-Sharqi Province, Iran. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized block design wi MoreEffects of plant density (row intervals and plant distances) on the yield and yield components of a single cross corn named 711 were studied in Mianeh region, Azarbayejan-e-Sharqi Province, Iran. The experiment was a factorial based on a randomized block design with four replications and was carried out in Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, in 2005. Factors of the experiment consisted of three row intrevals of 45, 60 and 75 cm and three poulations of 50000, 65000 and 80000 plants per hectare. At the occasion of physiological maturity, when the moisture content of seeds reached to 14%, the yield was harvested. Yield and yield components such as weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, ear weight, biological weight (TDW), harvest index, number of seeds and ears per row were meatured. The results of variance analysis showed essential differences between row intervals indicating that by increasing row distances, weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, biological weight, number of seeds in each row were significantly increased at 5% of probability level; but other characters were not affected by row intervals. Increasing plant poulation was accompayning with a significant shift of biomas weight, harvest index and yield (P < 5%), but weight of 1000 seeds, stem weight, ear weight and number of seeds in each row significantly decreased. Row intervals of 60 cm in combination with plant poulation of 65000 /ha produced the highest yield (13080 kg/ha) and 75 cm row interval with 50000 plant poulation produced the lowest yield (8154 kg/ha) among the treatments. Manuscript profile
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