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Open Access Article
1 - A comparative review of how development plans can be realized with an environmental sustainability approach
behnaz rahimi حسین زینتی seyyd amir hossein Garkani sajjad amiriIn this research, we will analyze the comparative review of development plans with a sustainable approach and look for the emergence of new solutions and development models that are in sync with short-term and long-term goals and help communities and the environment. Th MoreIn this research, we will analyze the comparative review of development plans with a sustainable approach and look for the emergence of new solutions and development models that are in sync with short-term and long-term goals and help communities and the environment. This method should be used to formulate how to realize the sustainability of the rural environment with an aesthetic approach and to identify the process and related components. The statistical population of this systematic study includes all published research articles in the field of environmental sustainability and development plans of rural areas, resulting from quantitative and qualitative studies. It has been objective reality. The review of previous research shows the weakness of the existing frameworks in relation to the realization of the rural identity based on the aesthetic approach. The purpose of this research is how to realize rural identity with a systematic review approach. The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose, and with the approach of a systematic review of the literature related to the components of rural identity, landscape and aesthetics between the years 2000 and 2022, using 3 specific keywords and a clear and pre-designed strategy, from 5 databases. Information was collected. After screening and qualitative assessment, the final analysis was done on 37 articles. On the other hand, the meta-analysis method requires the identification of the relationship between the components, which depends on the knowledge of the components. The realization of environmental sustainability in rural development plans requires economic, social and environmental coordination that preserves natural resources, reduces pollution and ensures the quality of life of local people. These goals can be achieved by cooperation between the government, local community and environmental organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Challenges facing Islamic civilization with emphasis on Richard Slater's votes
Monireh Basirati Abdolhosein kalantariThroughout history, civilizations have experienced three periods of advent, growth, and prosperity. Islamic civilization has spent these periods in different times. To understand the factors of decline and the challenges facing each civilization, one must recognize the MoreThroughout history, civilizations have experienced three periods of advent, growth, and prosperity. Islamic civilization has spent these periods in different times. To understand the factors of decline and the challenges facing each civilization, one must recognize the dominant discourse of that era. Since modern times we are in modern times, and dominant discourse is modernity, we must understand the challenges of modern civilization, in order to plan, in addition to imagining possible future, for the desired future; therefore, in this By analyzing descriptive methods after defining civilization and expressing the importance of foresight and devising affairs in verses and narratives, five of the challenges of civilization have been cited using contemporary futurist ideas, Richard Slatter, including these challenges. The two-dimensional industrial or flutter world, the ideology of economic growth, the future of technological decline, the impact on the global system and the thinking of Ku Long time aaaaa aa aa Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - An Analysis of the Energy Consumption Status in the Framework of Future Study Case Study: Tabriz City
Abolfazl Ghanbari Musa Vaezi Zahra AmjadiBackground: The increasing importance of energy resources in the formation and growth of economic processes, as well as the need to exploit these resources, based on environmental considerations and sustainable economic and social development, highlights the issue of id MoreBackground: The increasing importance of energy resources in the formation and growth of economic processes, as well as the need to exploit these resources, based on environmental considerations and sustainable economic and social development, highlights the issue of identifying and Future Study of the factors affecting energy consumption. Objective: The present research studies the status of energy consumption in Tabriz city in the framework of Foresight. Methods: This research is applied and descriptive-analytic. The Delphi method and the group of experts have been used to identify the factors affecting energy consumption. After analyzing the factors, 40 factors were identified and selected as influential factors. Using MICMAC software, the interactive effects analysis method has been identified. Finally, out of 40 factors, 16 main factors were selected as effective key proponents. Findings: Based on the data included in the questionnaire and the Wizard scenario software analysis, there are five strong scenarios, of which two scenarios are desirable conditions, a scenario of critical conditions, and two other scenarios of intermediate conditions. 13 scenarios with high adaptability and 292 poor scenarios. Initial studies of 13 scenarios show that the relative relativity of undesirable numbers is favorable on desired conditions. Apart from a few limited scenarios that have the characteristics that are desirable and progressing, the rest of the scenarios do not have a good future. Conclusion: The main result of this research is that the future energy consumption situation in Tabriz will continue to be a continuation of the current situation with an unfavorable and unfavorable situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Transmission Technology Model with Futuristic Approach in Rail Transport Industry (Case Study: High Speed Train)
hojjat ashouri S. Mohammad Seyed Hosseini Reza RadfarNowadays, placing Iran on the international corridors route has made the loss of Iranian roads and the emergence of environmental issues and the issue of energy, development of transportation and futures research in it. The purpose of this research is to identify effect MoreNowadays, placing Iran on the international corridors route has made the loss of Iranian roads and the emergence of environmental issues and the issue of energy, development of transportation and futures research in it. The purpose of this research is to identify effective factors and provide a fast-moving technology transfer model with a futuristic approach. Data collection has been done through library studies and field studies. After 73 of these indicators were extracted, 54 main indicators were selected by the experts in the field of transportation of rail transport technology. According to these indices, the research questionnaire was designed and distributed. Finally, after completing the questionnaire by 37 experts in the field of technology transfer, the data collected using structural equations and PLS Smart software were analyzed and the research model was fitted and the number of 49 indicators in 3 factors and 8 dimensions for the model Designed accepted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Examining the relationship between the quality of learning experiences and creativity with the development of student futures ability
marzieh niazazariBackground: One of the duties of universities was to empower students in a variety of fields, including understanding the future which could be influenced by the quality of their learning experiences and creativity. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the MoreBackground: One of the duties of universities was to empower students in a variety of fields, including understanding the future which could be influenced by the quality of their learning experiences and creativity. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the quality of learning experiences and creativity with the growth of future ability among students in Islamic Azad University in Sari. Methods: The research method was correlation. 370 persons were selected as a sample from 10527 students in the academic year of 2016-2017 according to Chocran formula.. The sampling was done randomly. Data was collected by standard the quality of Newman's learning experiences (1990), Torrance's creativity (1990), and the prospect of future studies by Parsa et al. (2011) questionnaires that their validity were confirmed by related experts. To assess the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha was calculated. Data were analyzed using K-S, Pearson and Regression tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Role of Virtual Social Networks in Self-Regulatory Learning Strategies and Student Future Student's Student's Development
Somayeh bakhshi Parikhani Sadeq Hamedi Nasab Hadi PourshafeiBackground: Today, paying attention to the predictive role of using virtual social networks among students is significant. Objectives: This research studies the role of virtual social networks in self-regulation learning strategies and the development of students' futur MoreBackground: Today, paying attention to the predictive role of using virtual social networks among students is significant. Objectives: This research studies the role of virtual social networks in self-regulation learning strategies and the development of students' futures research potential at Kharazmi University in Tehran. Method: The research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population is all students of Kharazmi University who were studying in the academic year 1995-96. 356 students were selected by stratified random sampling as sample size. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire including social networking tools such as Shi, Leo, Yang, Lee and Kei (2014), Pingtjyr Self-Regulatory Learning Strategies (1990) and Persa's Future Learning Questionnaire (2011). The reliability of the tools was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and their validity was verified by confirmatory factor analysis and correlation between the components. Finding: The amount of using virtual social networks by students on the components of self-regulation learning strategies with beta coefficient of 0.75 and significance level of 0.05 showed that this hypothesis was confirmed. According to the results of the second hypothesis, the beta coefficient for the ability to calculate, conceptual understanding, and futuristic morale is equal to 0.68, 0.72 and 0.44, so that everyone is at a significant level of 0.05 and this assumption is also confirmed. Not be Conclusion: The results of this study showed that students in using virtual social networks have higher scores in self-regulation learning strategies, motivational beliefs, ability to calculate, conceptual understanding and future spirit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Role of Intellectual Capital on promoting the Performance of Knowledge-Based Companies with Futures studies approach: A Qualitative Study
Masoumeh Mohammadabadi Kiumars Niazazari negin jabbaryFutures Studies is the knowledge of intelligent analysis, design and establishment of future, an effort which analyzes resources and patterns to visualize the future and plan for it. The most important function of future studies is to create an image of the future to im MoreFutures Studies is the knowledge of intelligent analysis, design and establishment of future, an effort which analyzes resources and patterns to visualize the future and plan for it. The most important function of future studies is to create an image of the future to improve it. Knowledge-based companies, as the most tangible method of commercialization of the results of high tech research and producing a high added value, require a concept to provide a picture of the future for improvement and performance enhancements. As a result, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intellectual capital on promoting the performance of knowledge-based companies with a Futures studies approach. Conducting the research with a qualitative method, for the in-depth study of the concepts concerned, the method of studying the documents and examining theoretical foundations as well as semi-structured interviews were used. Participants, 15 experts and specialists well-known in the knowledge-based companies of North Khorasan in the year 97 which were selected using purposeful sampling and snowball method to theoretical saturation boundary. In order to check the accuracy of the findings, the method of investigation by the members was used. To determine the reliability, a reliability method between two encoders was used. Data analysis was performed using inductive content analysis (6-step technique of Auerbach and Silverstein). Findings showed that with futuristic approach, the effect of intellectual capital on improving the performance of knowledge-based companies can be seen in two categories; inter-organizational effects (innovation and value creation, team building and decentralization, organizational learning, knowledge management, transformational leadership, meritocracy, technology acceptance) and external effects (networking, customer valuation and market orientation, branding and internationalization). This model can be used in decisions made to improve the performance of each company in accordance with the corporate strategy and culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Sustainable Tourism Future Studies, New Approach in Resilient Economy (Case Study: Experts in tourism and hotel industry)
mahbobeh naeimi majd arezoo naeimi majdSustainable Tourism Future Studies, New Approach in Resilient Economy (Case Study: Experts in tourism and hotel industry) In the field of tourism, in particular planning for the development of sustainable tourism, addressing the future and planning it, is an integral pa MoreSustainable Tourism Future Studies, New Approach in Resilient Economy (Case Study: Experts in tourism and hotel industry) In the field of tourism, in particular planning for the development of sustainable tourism, addressing the future and planning it, is an integral part of the planning and development process. Also, in formulating a resistance economy strategy, tourism and, in particular, sustainable tourism should be considered as part of the economy and at the same time as a tool against cultural and economic challenges. The present study is descriptive-survey nature. It is also considered quantitatively in terms of time, sectional view and type of data. The statistical population of this study consists of 30 experts and experts in tourism and hotel industry. The findings show that a sustained economy has a positive and direct impact on the future of tourism and tourism. The statistical population of this study consists of 30 experts and experts in tourism and hotel industry. The findings show that a sustained economy has a positive and direct impact on the future of tourism and tourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Measuring the Impact of Possible Actors on Future Land Wars in the Eastern and Southern East of Iran
سیدعلیرضا قاضی میرسعید حمیدرضا فرتوک زاده حسین ولیوند زمانی سید اصغر GH ابوالفضل باقریOne of the characteristics of future wars is the plurality and diversity of actors and forces involved in the war, and the analysis of actors is a process by which actors are identified; their role and contribution in the intended program and the relationships of the ac MoreOne of the characteristics of future wars is the plurality and diversity of actors and forces involved in the war, and the analysis of actors is a process by which actors are identified; their role and contribution in the intended program and the relationships of the actors are determined. To make Therefore, this research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing the main actors in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country to formulate controversy and possible ground warfare in the future.This research was exploratory and futuristic. In this regard, a panel of experts consisting of 11 tables of experts and experts in the field of war was formed and then interviewed with 9 senior officials associated with the situation in the region. Then, using the actor analysis method, the main actors in the future ground warfare in the area were identified and classified, and then the role of the actors and the relationship between them was identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Future Studies of Cultural Capital in the Iranian Family by Modeling Method
peymaneh Asgari fatemeh farahany Mehrdad Navabakhsh reza salehiamiriFuture studies are beyond prediction and mean the art of shaping the future, in the way we want the future. Today, technological change and, consequently, changes in other aspects of life, the increasing increase in the interdependence of nations and nations, the decent MoreFuture studies are beyond prediction and mean the art of shaping the future, in the way we want the future. Today, technological change and, consequently, changes in other aspects of life, the increasing increase in the interdependence of nations and nations, the decentralization of existing societies and institutions, which has accelerated due to the development of information technology, Future studies of cultural capital in the family are debates that have a structural relationship with sustainable development. One of the basic needs of development in any society is the organization of the future developments of cultural capital. Due to the importance of the role of the family in Iran and the importance of the process of changing the cultural functions of the family, it is imperative that the family cultural capital be further studied and facilitate the path to sustainable cultural development. For this purpose, we have selected the dimensions for futures studies and are modeled according to their weight. The purpose of this paper is to explore the future of cultural capital of the family using the modeling method. For analyzing, PLS software has been used. The results of the research, after analyzing the structural factor, determined the weight and importance of measures in the conceptual model, with plans for their development, to achieve the desired future of cultural capital in the Iranian family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Future Perspectives Perspectives in Mahdavi's Ideal Politics
mahmood alipour gorji Rashid RekabianThe vision is a normative and image-oriented approach, not an exploration, but in order to prevent the future of the normative and image-maker from coming to fruition, the exploration of the future has also been used. The Mahdavi vision never comes from the present stat MoreThe vision is a normative and image-oriented approach, not an exploration, but in order to prevent the future of the normative and image-maker from coming to fruition, the exploration of the future has also been used. The Mahdavi vision never comes from the present state, but from the resources (verses and narratives), the upstream documents, core values and core goals are achieved in the ideals of Mahdavi. The present study seeks to provide a methodological model for achieving the visionary approach in Mahdism. Research has begun with the question "How can I use the visionary method in Mahdavi's policy?" In order to answer the main question, we need to have an understanding of the sub-questions that each one is considering in this study. "The Linguistic Meaning of the Eye", "The Necessity of Compiling the Perspective of Mahdavi", "The Necessity of an Appropriate Pattern from the Prospect for the Analysis of Mahdist-Study" and "The Process of Creating the Perspective in the Study of Mahdism", the questions of this research are. In the present study, the normative method and eye viewer are used to advance the analysis. Research has shown that the vision that has always been analyzed in the management and organizational structure can be used as a model of Mahdism in the long term horizons and in line with the fundamental values and fundamental goals of Mahdavi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Identifying and Ranking Future Strategies for Commercialization of New Technologies in Innovative Knowledge Companies
Abdolrasul Karimi Yazdi Mohammaad Haghighi Tahmineh NateghIn recent years, with the crystallization of a knowledge-based economy, the birth of student companies for the synergy between science and wealth, the development of high-value new technologies and its commercialization in the direction of the growth of the growing econ MoreIn recent years, with the crystallization of a knowledge-based economy, the birth of student companies for the synergy between science and wealth, the development of high-value new technologies and its commercialization in the direction of the growth of the growing economy. It had it. The achievement of the goals set for the knowledge society companies will not be achieved except by designing and implementing long-term and effective strategies. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to identify the future strategies of commercialization of modern technologies in start-up knowledge-based companies and their ranking based on descriptive-exploratory studies and applied approach. The statistical population of the study consists of academic experts and knowledge managers active in the emerging technology companies in the field of information technology. The statistical sample was selected through a purposeful judiciary method of 15 people. Data collection was done using library and field methods (semi-structured interview with experts and expert questionnaire). To analyze the data in the qualitative stage, the method of the topic analysis and in the quantitative phase, a multi-criteria decision making approach is used with the method of gray number theory. Finally, the results of the topic analysis led to identifying five main strategies and 16 sub-strategies, and based on quantitative results, the priority of commercialization strategies included effective management of intellectual property rights, improving the relationship of knowledge-based enterprises with industry, reforming the management system in companies Nurture, culture, and increase the effectiveness of the role of sovereignty of the state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - A Survey of Internal and International Experiences in the Future Studies System of Web-Based Environmental Scanning
morteza tizchang mina ebrahimiAbstract: Horizon scanning, dramatically in recent years, has been used throughout in the world. Although there is not an accurate definition about it, but in general it is a systematic process used the best available information to select the best possible decisions. A MoreAbstract: Horizon scanning, dramatically in recent years, has been used throughout in the world. Although there is not an accurate definition about it, but in general it is a systematic process used the best available information to select the best possible decisions. A systematic search for new trends, opportunities and constraints that effect on the path of objective sets. Explicit goals of horizon scanning are critical for innovative and developmental issues, knowledge, data stored, and decision making. Key technical solutions used in environmental scanning processes are web browsing, indexing, mapping knowledge, citation, lexical, coincidental, page rank algorithm, html analytical algorithm, data mining, Classification and clustering. During the writing of this research, efforts have been made to identify institutions and companies that are using or serving in the field of web-based environmental scanning, identification of their goals and solutions, as well as identifying and studying techniques and tools that they use. The result of this research should help the internal organization to use this new method to reach their goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Role of Human Resource Management in Promoting Organizational Social Capital: Based on future study approach
Maryam Abedini Nasser Mirsapasi Farideh Haghshenasorganizational social capital using future research tools and its analysis in comparison with emerging HR trends. The research is applied in terms of its purpose and is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. Human resource management practices has been measure Moreorganizational social capital using future research tools and its analysis in comparison with emerging HR trends. The research is applied in terms of its purpose and is descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. Human resource management practices has been measured through a researcher-made questionnaire with Delphi method during two consecutive runs, which include four dimensions of selection, human resource development, compensation, and communication. A standard questionnaire was used to measure organizational social capital and the reliability of the research tool was calculated through the Cronbach's alpha of 0.969. The statistical population of the study was the Ministry of Education in the survey stage and the Shannon Entropy method was used to measure the indicators. Findings show the positive and significant impact of each of the four measures of human resource management practices on the three dimensions of organizational social capital. The impact of human resource development variable on the structural dimension and variable of service compensation on the social capital's social dimension was not confirmed. The greatest influence is the subsystem of choice on social capital, so that up to 74% of the changes related to social capital can be influenced by the selection of human resources. The results of the research indicate that the impact of HRMP on organizational social capital is emphasized on the emerging HR trends. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The study of method evaluation and selection indicators in futures studies
Mohammadreza ArabBafrani MohammadRahim EivaziThe methodology of Futures studies is weak because of its novelty, innovation and interdisciplinary character (influenced by other disciplines), and its multidisciplinary biology has led to a lack of proper coherence in its methodology. Futures studies researcher has ma MoreThe methodology of Futures studies is weak because of its novelty, innovation and interdisciplinary character (influenced by other disciplines), and its multidisciplinary biology has led to a lack of proper coherence in its methodology. Futures studies researcher has many problems in selecting and evaluating methods appropriate to his research. Because of this serious weakness, research has been carried out to identify and introduce criteria for selecting and evaluating methods whose results are of great use to future studies researchers. However, because of the scope of these studies and the lack of a comprehensive look at them, the studies themselves have become plagued by confusion and confusion. In this study, it has been attempted to summarize the methodological indicators available in other researches and finally, with the help of experts, suggest indicators for future studies methods. The main method used in this study was library study, cross-sectional and expert interviews (in the form of questionnaires and open interviews). At the end, the methodology indicators of futures studies were extracted from different perspectives (methodological indicators, method selection indicators, indicators related to the issues facing the methods, and requirements for futures methodology requirements) and after thirteen questions, Indicators based on ratings have been introduced as the main indicators of evaluation and selection of future studies researchers in their research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Future studies of the banking industry with a scenario approach
farhad shamshiri Abdulhamid Ebrahimi Roohalla samieee Majid AshrafiBackground: The banking industry, as one of the most important sectors of the economy, has encouraged experts and economic experts to recognize the future of its volatility and stabilize it in the face of changes and to provide growth and development. Purpose: The purpo MoreBackground: The banking industry, as one of the most important sectors of the economy, has encouraged experts and economic experts to recognize the future of its volatility and stabilize it in the face of changes and to provide growth and development. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to formulate scenarios of the banking industry with a future research approach. Method: The methodology of this research is based on future research scenario writing. Data collection tools are questionnaires, interviews, check-ins, and statistical and information networks. In this study, the statistical population of banking managers and specialists and university professors are familiar with the field of banking, which, based on the type of information required to conduct the research, non-probable judgmental sampling was used. Results: After formulating the initial question and identifying the main topic, forming the panel of experts, conducting exploratory interviews and identifying the driving forces, 64 variables were identified as the primary influencing factors of the banking industry by a 64*64 matrix and then provided with the help of Mic Mac Software , 12 key factors were extracted and categorized into 38 different situations. These situations were then presented to the experts for all key factors in a 38*38 matrix and analyzed in the Scenario Wizard software and four scenarios were extracted. Conclusion: Finally, 3 strong scenarios, 1 believable scenario and 8 weak ones were identified and classified into three groups: desirable, static and crisis and presented strategies for developing the banking industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Conceptualization and Explanation of a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Marketing Model in Food Industry: Futuristic Research Approach
NAEEMEH MOHEBI Karim Hamdi Zeynolabedin Amini Sabegh ehsan sadehAbstract Background: The global market system is steadily moving in the future, and Iran is lagging behind in its development. Objective: To conceptualize and define a framework for evaluating sustainable entrepreneurial marketing. Method: This is a cross-sectional surv MoreAbstract Background: The global market system is steadily moving in the future, and Iran is lagging behind in its development. Objective: To conceptualize and define a framework for evaluating sustainable entrepreneurial marketing. Method: This is a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population consists of Iran's food industry companies. Sample size is in the qualitative section of 20 experts. Delphi method is used to conceptualize the sustainable entrepreneurship marketing assessment model: with future studies approach. . Then, in a quantitative section, 226 selected food companies of Iran were selected through a targeted sampling to test the model. Structural equation modeling and Amos software were used to examine the relationships between the elements of the model. Findings: Includes 11 dimensions with activity titles, opportunism, customer engagement, innovation, risk management, resource leverage, investment, vulnerability, information and product quality, local economy, and environmental integrity. Of these dimensions, the investment with a coefficient of 889/0, with 88.9%, is most important in predicting and explaining sustainable future entrepreneurship and the environmental performance is in the second place. The lowest percentages are among the dimensions of risk management. Conclusion: In order to realize this concept, investments should be made in order to meet the future needs of the society and to monitor the socio-economic and environmental performance with the goal of creating and strengthening the conditions for maintaining production and increasing profits in the future of food industry companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Prediction of Customer Satisfaction level in after-sales service in automotive industry- Dealers in Saipayadak Co.
Reyhaneh Varasteh Ahmad EbrahimiBackground: Based on the competition and product variety in the automotive industry, auto makers require to achieve capability to respond properly to customers and their competitors. The special position of after-sales service in automotive industry and also maintain th MoreBackground: Based on the competition and product variety in the automotive industry, auto makers require to achieve capability to respond properly to customers and their competitors. The special position of after-sales service in automotive industry and also maintain the existing customers and attract the new ones, makes the prediction and measurement of customer satisfaction as a must in this industry.Purpose: In this paper, using prediction approach in futures studies, has made us firstly to identify the influential factors on customer satisfaction. Then the customer satisfaction level has been predicted and analyzed in after-sales service of dealers in an automotive manufacturer.Methods: The statistical population includes the dealers of Saipayadak Co. The statistical sample includes 14486 of after-sales service dealers in the period of April 2017 to June 2017. Independent variables, after extracting through literature review, were finalized using brainstorming and fishbone diagrams. Statistical analysis and prediction was performed using stepwise regression method with coding in RStudio software.Findings: By using data mining method, the customer satisfaction score in after-sales service of dealers in Saipayadak Co. has been predicted with 80% accuracy.Conclusion: By knowing the customer satisfaction level, auto makers can define quality improvement projects and move toward to competitiveness desirably. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Role of E-learning Future Studies in Entrepreneurship Development: A qualitative Research
Arezoo Rahimzadeh Yengeh ghalleh Kiomars Niazazri negin jabbaryAbstractBackground:Future Studies;The knowledge of analysis,design and intelligent establishment of the future,and E-learning as one of the most important educational methods in the field of information andcommunication technology,by removing time and place and achievin MoreAbstractBackground:Future Studies;The knowledge of analysis,design and intelligent establishment of the future,and E-learning as one of the most important educational methods in the field of information andcommunication technology,by removing time and place and achieving various educational opportunities,requires a concept to create an image of the future for improvement and entrepreneurship.Objective:This study aims to investigate the role of future studies of E-learning in entrepreneurship development.Method:In this study,ccording to the purpose and nature of the research,the combined research method has been used with a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.In statistical population of the qualitative section,18experts,pundits,university chancellors and elites of the scientific community were chosen by snowball sampling method;and in a quantitative part,224faculty members of North Khorasan universities was selected by stratified random sampling according to the size of the colleges.For data collection,a researcher-made interview and a questionnaire were used.The reliability coefficientofeach category was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha test Results:The results present that this coefficient is morethan0.7forallcomponents.The analysis methodof interview data, in the qualitative part, has been selected open, axial and selective coding and in the quantitative part has been selected the confirmatory factor analysis present that117opencodeswasidentifiedintheformoftwocomponents(externaland internal indicator)and entrepreneurship development component of E-learning was identified 62open codes was identified in the form of two components(quality strategies for the development of E-learning and E-learning substructures)The results of factor analysis of the second order also confirm that the components of entrepreneurship development,ntrepreneurship capability component is the most important and entrepreneurial culture with the coefficient of0.58is the least important in the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Designing a model for surviving and strengthening the hotel brand in the tourism industry with future studies approach through Grounded Theory (case Study: Selected 4 and 5 star hotels in Mashhad)
behnaz daneshmand Mohammad Haghighi Azim zarei golnar shojaeiBackground: hotel managers should have a positive attitude towards the development of business strategy in the future, which can include all the dimensions related to brand strengthening and promote the position and create value and provide the possibility of distinguis MoreBackground: hotel managers should have a positive attitude towards the development of business strategy in the future, which can include all the dimensions related to brand strengthening and promote the position and create value and provide the possibility of distinguishing the brand from competitors.Objective: The present study seeks to achieve the survival model and strengthen the hotel brand in the tourism industry with future studies approach through Grounded Theory in selected 4 and 5 star hotels in Mashhad.Methods:This study is performed qualitatively through Grounded Theory approach and three coding steps .field method is used to collect the data with semi-structured interview method with 12 managers of 4 and 5 star hotels in Mashhad, who have been selected using non-probabilistic sampling methods and snowballFindings: The final research model was presented in the form of a central coding paradigm and led to the design of seven .These include causal conditions (four categories), intervening conditions (three categories), basic conditions (three categories), central category under brand management architecture, strategies (seven categories), and outcomes (seven categories). future studies plays an important role in the tourism industry in terms of strategies and outcomes in the model of surviving and strengthening of the hotel brand.Conclusion: The present study shows that by using brand management architecture, it is possible to take steps to survive and strengthen the brand of hotels and achieve the desired goals by implementing the model designed that presented in this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Exploring the Future of Commercialization of Higher Education in the Islamic Republic of Iran; a Necessity or an Obligation
Alireza Hemmati Mohamad Ali Goudarzi Ibrahim HajianiThe future world will bring different and diverse social and economic realities. Population growth in developing countries leads to this fact that funding sources and budget are divided among more people. The people's demands increase and, subsequently, the price of liv MoreThe future world will bring different and diverse social and economic realities. Population growth in developing countries leads to this fact that funding sources and budget are divided among more people. The people's demands increase and, subsequently, the price of livelihoods, health, security, education and transport increases as well. Globally speaking, education is subject to this phenomenon. The university, as an institution of higher education, is an ever-changing reality. Despite the significant increase in the number of students applying in this sector, budget allocation to universities lags behind. On the other hand, the nature of this population is changing as well because more middle-aged student groups as well as ordinary students enter into this field. Regarding their diverse family status, living conditions, social and professional needs, time to respond to demands and geographical distance, these students have different needs that affect the structure and implementation of education. As such, higher education sector and those universities that are not actively and professionally involved in this inevitable change as well as those universities that do not have a scientific future studies and planning to face this reality will lose market share. There are evidence that indicate that universities and higher education institutions and private sector will share the opportunity of commercialization of higher education and take advantage of this new opportunity. The necessity and demand for continuous and everlasting learning provides a great profitable and economic opportunity and capacity for universities. Commercialization of higher education in Iran is faced with important and challenging uncertainties. Future studies can examine the commercialization of higher education via investigating the past as well as main changes, trends, indicators and emerging phenomena in this domain. Furthermore, alternative scenarios for the future of commercialization of higher education in Iran in an active confrontation with main environmental uncertainties will be identified thereof. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Future Studies of Cultural Services in Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi
Ahmad Borumand Kakhki Hamed Davari امیرناصر اخوانIn 1394, Research and Planning Management of Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi in order to their inherent missions had defined a research project about the future of its own cultural services. In this regard, futures studies expert MoreIn 1394, Research and Planning Management of Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi in order to their inherent missions had defined a research project about the future of its own cultural services. In this regard, futures studies expert team was formed and they selected scenario development method (GBN) as a favorable futuristic planning. So library and field studies concluded by huge volumes of baseline studies, review of dozens of articles and administrative documents in addition to interviews. After recognizing key elements and driving forces, experts accredited these factors by their interactions in four specialized PEST panels, and potential defects were resolved. Then researchers identified two elements of "economic situation" and "cultural integrated management" as critical uncertainties and constructive scenario development axes based on the findings and Cross Impact Analysis. We have been considered level of integrated management (organizational and more broadly) and caused to describe total six inductive scenarios including preferable, probable and possible ones. Meanwhile guidance indicators and advices were described in order to make fields to shape better decisions and policies besed on Astan Quds Razavi vision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Evolution of Foresight Global Patterns - a comparative study
Ardeshir Sayah Mofazali Katayoun Jahangiri Mohammad Rahim EivaziDramatic changes in the world make organizations have encouraged more thoroughly contemplating about future. Lots of changes including globalization, technology progression, amplified complexity in decision-making, have compelled organizations to precisely identify and MoreDramatic changes in the world make organizations have encouraged more thoroughly contemplating about future. Lots of changes including globalization, technology progression, amplified complexity in decision-making, have compelled organizations to precisely identify and prepare for further altered futures. Today, the term "foresight" has been widely applied and denote a sort of approaches that deliberate on thinking about the long-term future, strategic decision-making processes and intelligent estimations. Foresight concepts needs a systematic set of executable patterns. From the 1990s, the patterns are used with different approaches, they were renovated from casual to systematic state. These patterns which produced by scholars represent the verified processes that are confirmed in various futures studies' projects and try to guarantee the accuracy of the foresight outcomes. Despite various efforts in developing foresight patterns exist, the patterns has a wide range of diversity in form and content. The main objective of this paper is to identify how to classify global foresight patterns and recognize the evolutionary process of foresight patterns over time and subsequently changes on foresight patterns in past twenty years. In order to provide the most appropriate response to this question set of criteria have been identified and based on that current foresight patterns are compared with each other. The methodology used in this paper in terms of data collection and literature review is qualitative. In this article eleven global foresight patterns have been studied comparatively. Each of these models represents a way of thinking, looking to the future and planning for future. The results of these study illustrated in comparative tables and demonstrate that the main axis of the plain foresight patterns have been untouched, correspondingly the evolutionary process of adding key topics for ease of implementation and validate the results of the studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Foresight in Futures Studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for Challenges Towards Futures Studies in Iran
Abdorrahim Gavahiforesight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (C Moreforesight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran,foresight in futures studies: Casual Layered Analysis (CLA) for challenges towards futures studies in Iran, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - A review of theoretical foundation and key concepts of futures studies regards to development of implementation framework of Futures Studies
Ardeshir Sayah Mofazali Alireza AsadiFutures studies as an academic field is a new era of social science that concerns a historical issue knowing future, in scientific approach. Futures Studies as a branch of social science has its own paradigms, theories and schools of thoughts that explains future dimens MoreFutures studies as an academic field is a new era of social science that concerns a historical issue knowing future, in scientific approach. Futures Studies as a branch of social science has its own paradigms, theories and schools of thoughts that explains future dimension. During decades many methods and tools has been developed to study trends, emerging issues and events by scholars and professionals. In this paper authors are reviewing the evolution of theoretical foundations of futures studies to explain the key concepts and basis of this era; Including the development of thinking about future of civilization and utopia since the 16th century to the present, differences between prediction and futures study, alternative futures versus single predefined future, dimensions of the future, path dependencies versus future breaking, tools and methods of futures studies. In light of this review, a conceptual framework has been developed to choose appropriate strategy for futures studies research. However without deep understanding and systematic methodology of futures research, applying tools could not meet the complicated needs of societies and organization in face of emerging issues in further new world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Futures Studies of the Goals of the Anti-Daesh Coalition by Using Network Analysis Techniques
MohamadReza Jamshidi Javad Tavasoli Noghabi Sayed Hasan Hoseini Mehran Keshtkar Toraj EskandariAmerica and its allies took steps to form a coalition and attacked the extremist positions after a long time of the violent extremist activities in South-West Asia, with specific goals as the fight against terrorism. However, the objectives of the action announced by th MoreAmerica and its allies took steps to form a coalition and attacked the extremist positions after a long time of the violent extremist activities in South-West Asia, with specific goals as the fight against terrorism. However, the objectives of the action announced by them, but according to the previous records of America, these goals seem unrealistic and need to understand the real goals of the coalition and with the advice of the past through future study. Therefore, it is trying to determine to a large extent behind the main objectives in this study, with reference to the population of which consists of two categories: "Documentation, media interviews," and "experts". The data were extracted and analyzed using content analysis and exploration as the first population. After the data were categorized in several sections, and then send the questionnaire to the population to judge. Finally, it was recognized with a number of 13 important objective judgment of experts, using network analysis techniques and the use of software Super Decision analysis process. So the most important of them are "to weaken the powers of the Middle East"; "Israel's security" and "Re-penetration of America and its allies in the Middle East" Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Future Studies of Cultural Services in Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi
Ahmad Borumand Hamed Davari Amirnaser AkhavanIn 1394, Research and Planning Management of Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi in order to their inherent missions had defined a research project about the future of its own cultural services. In this regard, futures studies expert te MoreIn 1394, Research and Planning Management of Islamic Advertising and Communication Department of Astan Quds Razavi in order to their inherent missions had defined a research project about the future of its own cultural services. In this regard, futures studies expert team was formed and they selected scenario development method (GBN) as a favorable futuristic planning. So library and field studies concluded by huge volumes of baseline studies, review of dozens of articles and administrative documents in addition to interviews. After recognizing key elements and driving forces, experts accredited these factors by their interactions in four specialized PEST panels, and potential defects were resolved. Then researchers identified two elements of "economic situation" and "cultural integrated management" as critical uncertainties and constructive scenario development axes based on the findings and Cross Impact Analysis. We have been considered level of integrated management (organizational and more broadly) and caused to describe total six inductive scenarios including preferable, probable and possible ones. Meanwhile guidance indicators and advices were described in order to make fields to shape better decisions and policies besed on Astan Quds Razavi vision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Future studies to identify factors affecting the hospital information systems staff performance in Tehran's Milad Hospital
Zhila DadgarpanahIntroduction: future technology aimed at updating the knowledge management in the country Policy-making, decision-making and national and international long-term strategies planned Future studies should focus on information systems in the field of hospital care and serv MoreIntroduction: future technology aimed at updating the knowledge management in the country Policy-making, decision-making and national and international long-term strategies planned Future studies should focus on information systems in the field of hospital care and services provided by hospitals and quick access to the staff assignments. Objective: To provide a structured and coherent information to improve performance. The factors in future studies on hospital information systems to identify and prioritize the performance. The research on the purpose and methodology description of the causal comparative and sampling stratified random with of 40 Morgan table spouses Inventory Management 17 items with Likert 5-scale and test spss18 and test non-parametric Friedman was. Conclusion: The results show that components of quick decisions and staff with an average of 90.3 degrees of freedom 92/969 of staff Dada important priority among the other components of the hospital information system and the greatest impact than other indicators there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Thinking about the distinctions and similarities between words and concepts in the field of futurology and to develop ways to overcome the confusion of words in the field
Ehsan Geraei Gholamreza HeidariThe futures is discover and create through language And the issue of terminology and the concepts and appropriate terminology has been a continuing challenge for the field of futurology. The aim of this study philological and conceptual confusion in the field of futu MoreThe futures is discover and create through language And the issue of terminology and the concepts and appropriate terminology has been a continuing challenge for the field of futurology. The aim of this study philological and conceptual confusion in the field of futurology. This is a descriptive study using library information and critical analysis is done. One aspect of futurology studies, attention to the terminology of the field. In this study the effect of different geographical and cultural origins of the historical process of the formation of words realm of futurology is investigated. By analyzing the similarities and differences as well as futurology literature, general and particular relationships, and the realm of futurology and foresight activities is also provided. Finally, researchers have proposed the term futurology to call this science. This study tried to present an overview of the principles of linguistic philosophy and classification of definitions, a framework for thinking and reflection in dealing with futurology words and their definitions is available to researchers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A Study of the Achievements of French Orientalists in Algeria (1830-1962 AD)
Majid MenhajiFrench Orientalism is one of the most important and prominent schools of Oriental studies. The main brilliance of French Orientalism in the era of French colonialism can be seen in Algeria, which took strategic steps to establish and advance the goals of colonialism in MoreFrench Orientalism is one of the most important and prominent schools of Oriental studies. The main brilliance of French Orientalism in the era of French colonialism can be seen in Algeria, which took strategic steps to establish and advance the goals of colonialism in Algeria. The collection of French Orientalists includes a number of translators, writers, and artists who are ultimately pluralistic, but must be found in a single orbit. This article uses a descriptive-analytical method to study and analyze the institutions and fields of study and practice of French orientalists in Algeria (1830-1962). The main questions of this article are: What are the institutions and fields of study and practice of French orientalists in Algeria? Findings: Algeria is one of the most important Orientalist experiences, especially after its occupation by France in 1830. Orientalists began preliminary studies and training of the military and politicians a few years before the occupation of Algeria. In three stages, French orientalists achieved great success for their respective governments. The first stage (1830_1879) is mostly witnessed by military orientalists. But the second period (1879_1930) saw the expansion of the activities of French Orientalists, both with the establishment of new schools for teaching the Arabic language and with the holding of Orientalist conferences. This period is the most important period of development and implementation of French colonial cultural policies in Algeria. The third stage (1930_1962) the role of orientalists faded. Orientalists and the Church also served a common goal, especially in the spread of Christianity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A Critical Study on Patricia Crone’s Views as a Revisionist
Sepideh Nosrati Ghorban Elmi naser gozashtehPatricia Crone’s views as a revisionist have profoundly influenced on Islamic studies, particularly on historical investigations of early Islam. Crone, influenced by the former critical studies, questioned the validity of traditional Islamic sources and sought to MorePatricia Crone’s views as a revisionist have profoundly influenced on Islamic studies, particularly on historical investigations of early Islam. Crone, influenced by the former critical studies, questioned the validity of traditional Islamic sources and sought to find the most important historical factors such as the collecting of Qur’an, Muhammad's life and the association of Islam with other religions based on non-Islamic tradition. Reviewing Crone’s sources and methods and inspecting her loyalty to the methods of critical study as well as the results of adopting this approach, shows that her reconstruction of the history of early Islam is based on sources and claims that their accuracy, originality and authenticity cannot be proven and therefore her views are historically in doubt. References Cook, Michael, Muhammad, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1983. Crone, Patricia, “Zindigī-nāma-yi Khūdniwisht”, Trans. Masoud Jafari Jazi, Bukhārā, Vol.18, No.108, Mihr & Ābān 1394/ September & October 2015. Crone, Patricia, Cook, Michael, Hagarism: The Making of the Islamic World, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1980. Idem, Roman Provincial and Islamic Law, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2002. Idem, Slaves on Horses: the Evolution of the Islamic Polity, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2003. Idem, Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam, New Jersey, Gorgias Press, 2004. Idem, “What do we actually know about Mohammed?”, retrieved from:https://www.opendemocracy.net/faith-urope_islam/mohammed_3866.jsp Donner, Fred M., Muhammad and the believers, Cambridge, Massachusetts, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2010. Idem, “Review of Hagarism”, Middle Eastern Studies Bulletin, V.40 2006. DSB (Dictionary of Scientific Biography), s.v. “Māshā’allāh”, by: David Pinger, New York, Simon and Schuster Macmillan, 1981. Holmberg, Bo, “Hagarism Revisited”, in: Verbum et calamu, Semitic and Related Studies in Honour of the Sixtieth Birthday of Professor Tapani Harviainen, Studia Orientalia 99, ed. by Juusola, Hannu; Laulainen, Juha and Palva, HeikkI, Helsinki: The Finnish Oriental Society, 2004. Hoyland, Robert G., Seeing Islam as Others saw it: a Survey and Evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Writings on Early Islam, Princeton, New Jersey, the Darwin Press, 1997. Ibid, “Writing the biography of the Prophet Muhammad: Problems and Solutions”, History Compass, V.5 (8 February 2007). Humphreys, R. Stephen, Islamic History, London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, 1995. Liaquat Ali Khan, “Hagarism: The Story of a Book Written by Infidels for Infidels”, retrieved from: http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/04/28/d60428020635.htm Mazor, Amir, “The Kitab futuh al-sham of al-Qudamias a Case Study for the Transmission of Traditions about the Conquest of Syria”, Der Islam, 84 (2008). Nevo, Yehuda D., “Towards a Prehistory of Islam”, Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam, vol.17, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1994. Peters, F. E., Muhammad and the Origins of Islam, New York, State of University of New York Press, 1994. Rippin, Andrew, “Literary Analysis of Qur’an, Tafsīr, and Sīra: the Methodologies of John Wansbrough”, in: Approaches to Islam in its Religious Studies, ed. by: R. C. Martin, Tuscon, University of Arizona Press, 2001. Robinson, Chase F., “Patricia Crone and the End of Orientalism”, in: Islamic cultures, Islamic contexts, ed. by: Behnam Sadeghi, Asad Q. Ahmed, Adam Silverstein, Robert Hoyland, in: Islamic History and Civilization, vol. 114, Leiden: Brill, 2015. Robinson, Neal, Discovering the Qur’an: A contemporary Approach to a Veiled Text, London, SCM Press, 2003. Rubin, Uri, “Meccan Trade and Quranic Exegesis (Quran 2:198)”, BSOAS, 53 (1990). Saḥḥāb, Fiktūr, Iylāf-i Ḳuraysh Riḥla al- Shshita wa- l- Ṣṣayf, Beirut, Kumbiyū nashr wa al- Markaz al- Thaḳāfa al- ʿArabī, 1992 AD/ 1412 AH. Schoeler, Gregor, Charakter und Authentie der Muslimischen Überlieferung über das Leben Mohammeds, Berlin, De Gruyter, 1996. (Translated and revised by Uwe Vagelpohl, and edited by James Montgomery as The Biography of Muhammad: Nature and Authenticity, New York, Routledge, 2011). Serjeant, Robert Bertram, “Review of Hagarism by Patricia Crone and Michael Cook”, in: Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1978. Idem, "Meccan Trade and the Rise of Islam: Misconceptions and Flawed Polemics", Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol.110, no.3 (Jul - Sep, 1990). Thompson, Thomas, The History of the Patriarchal Narratives: the Quest for the Historical Abraham, Berlin and New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1974. Tom Holland’s Obsession with Islam’s Origins: a Critical Response, http://thedebateinitiative.com Van Ess, Josef, “The Making of Islam”, Times Literary Supplement, 8 September 1978, cited from: Seeing Islam as Others Saw it: a Survey and Evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Writings on early Islam, Princeton, New Jersey, the Darwin Press, 1997. Waines, David, An Introduction to Islam, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1995. Wansbrough, John, The Sectarian Milieu, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1978a. Idem, “Patricia Crone and Michael Cook: Hagarism: the Making of the Islamic World. ix, 268 pp. Cambridge, etc.: Cambridge University Press, 1977”, in: BSOAS, vol. 41 (XLI), no.1, 1978b; Idem, Quranic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation, foreword, translation and expanded notes by: Andrew Rippin, New York, Prometheus Books, 2004. Watt, W. Montgomery, Muhammad at Mecca, Oxford, Oxford University Press, reprinted in Pakistan, Karachi, Moiez Press, 1979. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Muslim Medical Historiography: Studies and Research
بهزاد کریمیHistory of Muslims' medicine has been investigated from different point of views. A glimpse on the related works shows that the researchers' approaches to medicine are influenced by a very limited and traditional definition of medicine that considered medicine only as a MoreHistory of Muslims' medicine has been investigated from different point of views. A glimpse on the related works shows that the researchers' approaches to medicine are influenced by a very limited and traditional definition of medicine that considered medicine only as a science. New approaches have been appeared in the field of medical history as a general sense in recent years. These new views are trying to show further dimensions of medicine as social aspects. However, these efforts depend on a critical bibliography shaped by new ideas simultaneously. In this article, the author has tried to submit such a bibliography by emphasizing the gender approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The Sholars of Oriental Studies and the Immigration of ‘Amilis ‘ulama to Safavid Iran
فهیمه مخبر دزفولیThe cause and significance of the immigration of ‘Amilis ‘ulama to Iran in Safavid era is a polemical topic among the scholars of oriental studies in the last few decades. Some of them agreed with Edward Browne who believed that the paucity of shi’i so MoreThe cause and significance of the immigration of ‘Amilis ‘ulama to Iran in Safavid era is a polemical topic among the scholars of oriental studies in the last few decades. Some of them agreed with Edward Browne who believed that the paucity of shi’i sources and ‘ulama in Iran was the main reason for the invitation by Safavid kings. Most of the pioneer scholars such as Roger Savory, Albert Hourani and among the youngers, Rula Jurdi Abisaab supported this assumption. On the other hand, some scholars approved Andrew Newman viewpoint that diminished the importance of the immigration and maintained that the main reason for the invitation of ‘Amilis ulama by Shah Isma’il was since the Shi’i‘ulama of Bahrain and Irak denied and underestimated this invitation and accused the Safavid kings to extremism. Meanwhile, Abissab and Newman are both the representatives of those two theories among the scholars. It seems that the differentiate is derived from the distinctive frameworks of their studies. While Newman considered the issue in a ‘Usuli-Akhbari framework, Abissab used the same information and evidence in a Safavid-Ottoman framework. In this article, both viewpoints will be compared and assimilated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Micro-Raman studies on thermally evaporated Ag2Se thin films
Mariappan Pandiaraman Natarajan Soundararajan -
Open Access Article
35 - The typology of Iranian Government and public organizations Based on structural and process factors behind them.
davoud khodadadi Ghalehsalimi mehdi mortazavi gholamreza memarzadeh tehranIn this study, by using a deductive approach with a theoretical and empirical typological tool, with the purpose of drawing a distinct boundary between public and public organizations based on the structural and process characteristics of such companies, extensive analy MoreIn this study, by using a deductive approach with a theoretical and empirical typological tool, with the purpose of drawing a distinct boundary between public and public organizations based on the structural and process characteristics of such companies, extensive analyzes with Using tools and methods of classification of organizations has been taken. In this regard, first, identifying the factors for the conceptual typology of this type of organizations and then, subsequently, based on the results of previous studies, the empirical typology of these organizations, based on Dimensions and factors influenced the process and structure of these companies. This research, while presenting a scientific and empirical classification of different structural, process, and morphology angles based on elements (institutional, political, cultural, economic, social, legal, etc.), at the end, a pattern of specific distinction and a certain classification of organizations Government and public, and in this way, managers and stakeholders of these types of organizations have helped organizations in their transition from relief, rectification, coercion, and institutional norms to the recognition of their respective organizations and serve as a reference framework in choices related to structure and The organizational process, for example, has helped in the selection and application of management practices . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Evaluate the Accountability System in Islamic Azad University
Ali Kargar Zanjani Abolhasan Faghihi Reza Najafbeyghi The purpose of this study was to determin the level of influential factors on the accountability system of Islamic Azad University and to design the conceptual model to improve and develop the accou More The purpose of this study was to determin the level of influential factors on the accountability system of Islamic Azad University and to design the conceptual model to improve and develop the accountability systemusing a descriptive method. For this purpose,first the accountability level of Islamic Azad University was evaluated based on some factors and then based on them,some approaches were developed and designed to improve the accountability system in terms of some factors and idices. The main method of this study is correlational one.However, the researcher has used other research methods such as investigating theoretical studies, douuments, interviewing. The validity of the identified factors was performed by the researcher made questionnaire the population of the study includes all mangers of different parts hthe directors, deans and vice chancellorsof colleges, assistants and university deans of all branches of Islamic Azad University of 13 and 8and 2 areas which was performed by cluter sampling and random and based on Morgan table 384 people were selected.Validity of research instruments were confirmed by experts and scholars in this field and for reliability Cronbakh alpha was used which for each of the questionnaire was in a suitable level(0.80). the data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Evaluating the Possibility of Paying Attention to the Components of Culture in Architectural Basic Design Education
Afra GharibpourArchitectural profession and education are procedures deeply based on cultural circumstances in a country. In Iran, one of the major goals of architectural education must be educating architects who know their country and culture well, and are able to do architecture ba MoreArchitectural profession and education are procedures deeply based on cultural circumstances in a country. In Iran, one of the major goals of architectural education must be educating architects who know their country and culture well, and are able to do architecture based on cultural and local acquaintances. Architectural Basic Design Education consisting of some courses, lasts just for three semesters, but has a very fundamental role in training architecture students based on cultural and local acquaintances. Accordingly, educating students in relation to their culture, must be conducted in a way that the graduated young architects can solve the regional-vernacular problems of their country and can design generously in the cultural context. Thus, the significant question of this research is that the current basic design curriculum in schools of architecture of Iran to what extent have the capacity of considering the elements of culture and how it is possible to design programs considering the cultural subjects in the context of the current curriculum. This investigation is conducted in two main steps; the first step consists of investigating the curriculum of Basic Design Education in the undergraduate studies of architecture in Iran. Although all architectural schools in Iran follow the undergraduate program of architecture, approbated by High Council of Programing in Ministry of Science and Higher Educations, The main schools have the opportunity to do some changes in their programs. Therefore, the curricula of Basic Design education in three main schools of architecture of Iran are selected to be studied; University of Tehran (consisting of two separate curricula in two Ateliers, 5 and 6), Shahid Beheshti University, and Iran University of Science and Technology. This investigation shows up four different syllabi for basic design studies which are mostly so similar. Comparing these syllabi determines twelve main subjects for basic design education which has been concerned as the main subjects for current research. The second step is dedicated to studying the definition of ‘culture’, and the components of culture based on ideas and notions of cultural theoreticians in Iran. According to this study, Iranian culture has three major components which are ‘world-view and believes’, ‘history’ and ‘geography’. Each of these three components of Iranian culture consists of different subjects which can impact architecture. So, to do architecture in correspondence with cultural context, it is necessary to be familiar with these factors in the field of each cultural element. In final part, the syllabi of Basic Design Education is revised based on the practical detailed syllabi of culture which is determined according to the cultural subjects relevant to architecture. This revision is deducted through the Delphi method, questioning eight professors of Basic Design studios. The result shows that almost in all twelve syllabi of Basic Design Education, potential for considering the cultural components and the relevant subjects exist. Amongst Basic Design syllabi, some have higher capacity for considering cultural subjects. Thus by a precise editing of projects in Basic Design courses, architectural education can be formed more closely to the cultural fundamentals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Identifying and Analyzing the Effective Key Propulsion on the Formation of Creative Mid-Sized Cities (Case Study: Bonab City)
Ali Majnouni- ToutakhaneNowadays, creative cities are considered to be centers for innovation, creativity, and the transformation of ideas into wealth, and as cultural exchange centers and thinkers and advocates of different nations. Since the idea and innovation of the main competitive elemen MoreNowadays, creative cities are considered to be centers for innovation, creativity, and the transformation of ideas into wealth, and as cultural exchange centers and thinkers and advocates of different nations. Since the idea and innovation of the main competitive elements are in the age of globalization, having a creative city is the dream of any society. Widespread and rapid technological changes, globalization, climate change, local management, cultural production, immigration, etc. are among the issues that make it increasingly important and necessary to pay attention to the infrastructures of the creative city in all cities, from large cities to medium and small cities. Moreover, creative cities on various scales have been recognized as the guarantors of the comprehensive development of the country and preventing the factor of social injustice among citizens. Considering the importance of determining the key elements of the creative city in the scale of mid-sized cities, the present study identifies the key proponents of the formation of a creative city in mid-sized cities studied on Bonab city. this is an applied, analytic exploratory research, based on new methods of future study In the first stage of research and in order to extract research variables, invent from 98 experts with different specializations and related to urban issues, using a pilot approach was used. Questionnaires and interviews were used as survey method tools. In the second stage, for information analysis and study and analyze the degree of cross-effects of extracted variables from the first stage of research, 40 available urban experts were used. To analyze the data, we use the combination methods of expert’s panel, cross-impact analysis, and MICMAC software. The results of the study showed that the degree of filling of the cross-sectional matrix is 65.21%, which indicates that the selected factors have a high correlation and affect each other and the system has been in a state of instability. Based on the results of MICMAC software, the 14 key propulsion have the most direct and indirect impact on Bonab city creativity, of which there are six proponents of the creative class and three proponents of creativity infrastructure. It will have the greatest impact on the location of the infrastructure of the city of Bonab on the way to a creative mid-sized city. In other words, the state of city creativity in the mid-sized city of Bonab is more influenced by the class of scientific citizens, as well as research and development organizations such as academic centers. These 14 propulsion include the performance of service providers, physicians, lawmakers, and senior people, distribution of urban services, population, bachelor's degree, technicians, number of research and development units, awareness of citizenship rights, number of researchers of research and development units, Specialists and number of universities. Finally, according to the findings of the research and emphasizing the creative class and creative city infrastructure in the mid-sized cities, practical proposals have been presented in the field of implementation of creative mid-sized cities. Finally, practical suggestions have been made to improve the status of the creative city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Principles underlying the meaningful design of typical visual axes: An analytical-comparative approach
Mohammad Reza Pourjafar Ali Reza Sadeghi Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical v More Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical visual values are the key factors influencing the visual – formal quality of the urban public realm. To identify and introduce the global rules governing the meaningful design of typical intra-urban visual axes, this study was devoted to recognition of the common characteristics of such visual axes through descriptive, analytical, comparative methods of research as well as literature review and use of photo documentation. Role of the visual axis in realization of aims and theoretical principles of urban design is also considered. Results of the present study would suggest an emphasis on such necessary criteria as considering the visual axis as system with visual quality, application of topography and level difference in visual axis design, the function of view shed as a public realm which could be used publicly, a desirable constraint and appropriate body elevation to emphasize on the role of visual qualities in visual axis design, consideration of role of behavioral place in visual axis design, amplification of invitation through some specific function of the body or the end element, and employing the characterized ecological elements in design and improvement the visual axes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Reading a Home: An Application of Rapoport's Viewpoint in Iranian Architecture Studies
Ali Akbar Heidari Parisa Mohammad Hoseini Nazgol Behdadfar -
Open Access Article
41 - An Analysis of Rural Studies in Iran
Mostafa Azkia Gholamreza Ghaffary Eric Hooglund -
Open Access Article
42 - Examples of the province of "customary guardian" in jurisprudence
mihammadhosein meshkati seysdalireza hoseini alireza salimi Abdullah omidifardOne of the most frequent institutions that is considered in various jurisprudential subjects is the institution of "Wilayat (guardianship) ". Among the examples of guardianship, "customary guardianship" has been less discussed and studied, and in addition to the need to MoreOne of the most frequent institutions that is considered in various jurisprudential subjects is the institution of "Wilayat (guardianship) ". Among the examples of guardianship, "customary guardianship" has been less discussed and studied, and in addition to the need to explain the nature, it is necessary to examine the arguments for the legitimacy of its guardianship. Accordingly, the major question of the study is "What are the principles of legitimacy of customary guardian?". The research hypothesis is that blood relatives (other than father and paternal grandfather) are the customary guardians and narrative and rational arguments can be used for the legitimacy of their guardianship. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical and the religious arguments are analyzed in it. The finding of the current study suggests that by analyzing and scrutinizing the primary and secondary arguments of the guardian, the customary guardian can be accepted as a constrained guardian. Accepting the legitimacy of guardianship of a customary guardian will have many effects on individual and social life. In addition, it can reduce some of the responsibilities of the government and the judiciary system, and manage affairs more easily and by the people themselves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Age cannot determine the puberty of a girl and a boy
sayed mohammad keykavosi mohammad jafari harandiWhat is always referred to as puberty as the beginning of the responsibilities and limitations of the obligated human being is the reaching of a girl and a boy at a certain age; But regardless of its religious basis, puberty is a natural phenomenon with the actualizatio MoreWhat is always referred to as puberty as the beginning of the responsibilities and limitations of the obligated human being is the reaching of a girl and a boy at a certain age; But regardless of its religious basis, puberty is a natural phenomenon with the actualization of sexual talent and reproductive powers; The same criterion and rule is specified in verse 6 of Surah An-Nisa '. However, in narrations and news, various signs have been set for the interpretation of this stage of sexual ability and several ages have been set for it. Therefore, the lack of unity of basis and criterion in determining the criterion of maturity has caused the plurality of opinions of jurists on this issue; Most of the Imami jurists, citing some hadiths, which of course do not have sufficient and reliable meaning, have placed boys at the age of 15 and girls at the age of nine. The findings of this study show that in the field of understanding the narrations of puberty, what has not been given much attention is the audience at the time of issuing narrations and hadiths. While the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the infallible Imams (AS) had paid such attention in their tradition and speech and in expressing the rulings, they considered the characteristics of the addressee of the word. Therefore, it can be seen that sexual maturity as the beginning of religious duties is not related to the age specified in the words of the jurists and is different in people affected by climatic conditions and climatic diversity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Investigating the nature of the dimensions of citizenship education in the social studies curriculum of elementary school
mina najafi amin abedi sadagiani reza masouminejadAim of the research: The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions of citizenship education in the elementary school social studies curriculum. Research Method: The research approach was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of qualitative-descriptive implemen MoreAim of the research: The aim of this study was to identify the dimensions of citizenship education in the elementary school social studies curriculum. Research Method: The research approach was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of qualitative-descriptive implementation method was content analysis with emphasis on data-driven. The research population included the sixth grade social studies textbook of the elementary school in the academic year 1399-1400, which were selected as a sample according to the nature of the subject of all 24 courses. In order to validate the accuracy of the data, the researcher's self-review method and peer review were used, and for data reliability, a simultaneous review was used. Checklist was used to collect data and coded content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings:The findings of this study include 8 main categories, 18 sub-categories and 179 primary codes that these categories include various aspects of civic education with biological, futuristic, religious, developmental, global, social, political and economic nature. .Conclusion: The results show that due to the flexible and multiple nature of citizenship education in the social studies curriculum, the breadth of learning opportunities in the implementation of the curriculum should be anticipated and the contingency approach in teaching the concepts of citizenship should be considered. On the other hand, teachers should develop meaningful learning in the daily life of students in accordance with the characteristics of each dimension of citizenship education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Investigating the process of educating students based on the intelligence-enhancing approach in the elementary school social studies curriculum
romina Hazrati Hodar arezoo shaykhbaklo reza masouminejadThe present study aimed to identify the dimensions of the intelligence-enhancing approach in the process of educating students in the elementary school social studies curriculum. Research Method: The qualitative research approach was conventional content analysis.The re MoreThe present study aimed to identify the dimensions of the intelligence-enhancing approach in the process of educating students in the elementary school social studies curriculum. Research Method: The qualitative research approach was conventional content analysis.The research population of the sixth grade elementary school social studies textbook in the academic year 1400-1401 was selected as a sample according to the nature of the subject of all 24 courses. In order to validate the accuracy of the data, the researcher's self-review method and rich data description have been used, and for the reliability of the data, simultaneous review has been used. Checklist was used to collect data and coded content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings: The findings of this study include 9 main categories, 32 sub-categories and 338 primary codes. These categories are different dimensions of the intelligence approach with the nature of emotional, managerial, economic, abstract, spiritual, environmental, historical, cultural and political intelligence.Therefore, these findings should be emphasized in order to properly needs assessment of multiple intelligences and realize their capabilities in line with student-centered projects.Conclusion: The results show that due to the flexible and multiple nature of the intelligence-enhancing approach in the social studies curriculum, a variety of learning opportunities are envisaged in the curriculum and in accordance with students' abilities, the development of intelligent curricula in the educational process is considered. On the other hand, teachers should develop meaningful learning in life in accordance with the characteristics of each dimension of the intelligence-raising approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Grounded Theory: A Method for Scientific and Practical Study of Development and Social Change
sohiela naseriOn the other hand, since the 1970s, there has been massive change in the tradition of development and studies. With the revealing of the theoretical and practical defects of the massive models in the development tradition, more attention was focused on the context and t MoreOn the other hand, since the 1970s, there has been massive change in the tradition of development and studies. With the revealing of the theoretical and practical defects of the massive models in the development tradition, more attention was focused on the context and the context in which development occurs, and unlike in the past, qualitative research has played a significant role in development studies. One of the most important qualitative methods based on the text is the participation and use of group experiences, the theory is groundless. This method, with a set of techniques and methods, provides an opportunity for theoretical thinking about the data obtained from the text. This issue and the vagueness of this type of research in the present scientific community have caused the attention of the article to be. Here, two main steps in the theory theory, namely, data aggregation and analysis, are described using objective examples taken in the field of development studies and social change. The main purpose of this paper is to suggest the use of such a method in research development and the presentation of literature and the drawing of the practical steps of the theory of the ground. g. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Grounded Theory: A Method for Scientific and Practical Study of Development and Social Change
Soheila Naseri Sediqeh Piri: On hand, since the 1970s, there has been massive change in the tradition of development and studies. With the revealing of the theoretical and practical defects of the massive models in the development tradition, more attention was focused on the context and the conte More: On hand, since the 1970s, there has been massive change in the tradition of development and studies. With the revealing of the theoretical and practical defects of the massive models in the development tradition, more attention was focused on the context and the context in which development occurs, and unlike before, qualitative research has played a significant role in developmental studies. One of the most important qualitative methods based on the text is the participation and use of group experiences, the theory is groundless. This method, with a set of techniques and methods, provides an opportunity for theoretical thinking about the data obtained from the text. This issue and the vagueness of this kind of research in the present scientific community have caused the attention of the article to be. Here, two main steps in the theory of theory, namely data aggregation and analysis, are described using the objective examples given in the field of development studies and social change. The main purpose of this paper is to suggest the use of such a method in research development and the presentation of literature and the drawing of the practical steps of the theory of the ground. The result shows that the theory of developmental theories on the one hand can play an important role in developmental studies, and on the other hand, by responding to what social activists and stakeholders have about change and development, its components, The reasons for their resistance or acceptance, how they participated in the process of change and development, and so on, to reduce the cost of planning and policy making. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - A Discourse in Post-Colonially Studies and its Expansion Necessity in Non-Western Societies
Farzad Navabakhsh Masoud Darroudi -
Open Access Article
49 - Key Factors Affecting the Future Status of Tehran Province Spatial Planning Based on Future Studies
Babak jafarian Rahim Sarvar Reza BornaAiming at identifying the key factors which may affect the future status of Tehran Province spatial planning, this study was conducted with a future studies approach. This study is an applied study in terms of targeting strategy and its methodology is of descriptive-ana MoreAiming at identifying the key factors which may affect the future status of Tehran Province spatial planning, this study was conducted with a future studies approach. This study is an applied study in terms of targeting strategy and its methodology is of descriptive-analytical and regarding the future studies methods it is an explanatory one. Following the Delphi method, the theoretical and practical data have been collected using documentary and survey research techniques, respectively. To carry out this study, a total of 20 urban experts who were professional in regional, spatial planning areas were chosen based on purposive sampling method. MIC MAC was used to analyze the gained information from Delphi methods and to carry out the cross-impact analysis. The results of this study indicated that the dispersion of key and effective variables of the future status of Tehran Province spatial planning has an unstable system. The study also showed that out of 64 examined factors in this study, 22 key factors may affect the future status of Tehran Province spatial planning. A great deal of such key factors has been concentrated in the effective and double variables group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Semiotics of Cultural Perspectives; A Conceptual Approach in Cultural Geography
Seyed Vahid Aqili Ali AhmadiStudying the location and spatial works and products, as a part of human behavior, proves to be very useful in the semiotic studies, since such human-made works are rich in information and meanings which are all the key topics of semiotics. Whereas, the perspectives are MoreStudying the location and spatial works and products, as a part of human behavior, proves to be very useful in the semiotic studies, since such human-made works are rich in information and meanings which are all the key topics of semiotics. Whereas, the perspectives are considered to be as human products, they can reveal the meanings as targeted by the creator of the very work or the human. Hence, semiotics of cultural perspectives is considered to be one of the ways and means of understanding meaning in human living environment. In this way, cultural perspectives are reviewed as the text and context. For discovering such contexts or texts through cultural perspectives, their similes and meanings can be employed. This paper, through documents and library method, focuses on the semiotics in studying perspectives in cultural geography. Although in contemporary era, semiotics have found way mainly into different disciplines of the humanities, few such studies have worked on cultural geography studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Development of Islamic Studies in the West
raoof nosratian Shahram PazoukiThis article examines the tumultuous history of Islamic studies in the West, which sheds light on current views and interactions between Westerners and Muslims. It explores the legacy of past encounters and interactions, which have shaped contemporary perspectives. The MoreThis article examines the tumultuous history of Islamic studies in the West, which sheds light on current views and interactions between Westerners and Muslims. It explores the legacy of past encounters and interactions, which have shaped contemporary perspectives. The article investigates the history of Western thought about Islam from its emergence to the present, and it offers a new perspective for Persian-speaking audiences. Rather than investigating specific historical periods or geographic schools, the article aims to identify significant paradigms in Islamic studies. Five paradigms are introduced: the biblical, polemic, historical-scientific, phenomenological, and cosmopolitanism paradigms. The article highlights how each paradigm influenced the formation of the next and describes the most prominent representatives and their works. By examining these paradigms, the article provides Islamic studies researchers with new ideas and may serve as a starting point for future articles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - A Critical Analysis of Christian studies in Islamic Sources form beginning to 10 AH
Mohammad Asaee mahmud vaezi behzad hamidiehIn the Islamic world, studies about other religions have a long history. The Muslim scholars have reviewed the field in different ways. In the Al-Milal wa al-Nihal (“books on the Nations and their Religions”) and historical books, the views and beliefs of va MoreIn the Islamic world, studies about other religions have a long history. The Muslim scholars have reviewed the field in different ways. In the Al-Milal wa al-Nihal (“books on the Nations and their Religions”) and historical books, the views and beliefs of various religions and descriptive reports of thoughts and the etiquette of religions like Judaism, Christianity, etc could be fined. Other than these references that generally reviewed the matter without any critiques and rebuttal writing, we could also find some content about the previous religions through rebuttal and critical books. The research aims to study Christianity and to explore the Muslims' achievements during the first 10 centuries AH. Based on the findings of the paper, Muslims’ knowledge about Christians is acceptable and detailed, however, the weakness of these researches comes from a fact that they were not conducted continuously and they were limited to the eastern and Greek half of the church. The reason for this is the lack of public interest in conducting extensive studies in this regard, also the lack of knowledge of Muslims about the heritage of Latin language and literature and finally, the lack of a large territorial connection with Christianity in the West. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Developing optimal scenarios of creative regeneration of gorgan city
kazem taghinejad saeed yazdani Ali Reza Sheikholeslami Abbas Malek HosseiniBackground and Objective: in order to address the problems and problems of city monuments, the urban knowledge is obliged to replace it in a creative and creative way to recreate it. Therefore, future futures studies have emerged as a new paradigm for long - term view o MoreBackground and Objective: in order to address the problems and problems of city monuments, the urban knowledge is obliged to replace it in a creative and creative way to recreate it. Therefore, future futures studies have emerged as a new paradigm for long - term view on issues facing cities, with the aim of responding to unpredictable problems, futures futures and desirable futures in recent decades. In this regard, the present study attempts to formulate the optimal scenarios of creative regeneration of the city of gorgan city.Material and Methodology: in this study, first with the environment scan and Delphi method, 40 primary factors are extracted in four different social - cultural fields, management and planning, physical factors and economic factors, and then by using the Delphi method. In the next step, using structural analysis in MICMAC software has been attempted to analyze the matrix.Findings: Based on the results of the Wizard Scenario, Scenario Nos. (2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15 and 16) are obtained as static or unbelievable scenarios. The historical context of Gorgan is imaginable.Discussion and Conclusion: Thus, in the short term (1404), the scenario of gradual decline in the quality of historical texture in Gorgan, with the short-term improvement of management factors and the decline of economic factors, is the most likely scenario, but in the long-term future, the cross-sectional improvement of management factors and policy inefficiencies may provide the opportunity to enhance economic factors. Do not allow this scenario to move to a disaster scenario. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Future Studies of Sustainable Development of Iranian Machine Carpet Industry Using MIC-MAC and SSM
gholamreza jandaghi Mohammad Reza Fathi mohammad hasan maleki mohammad hossein soleymani sarvestaniBackground and Objective: The main objective of this research is to determine the key drivers for the sustainable development of machine carpet industry and to determine the scenarios for the future of sustainable development of Iranian carpet industry. Material and Me MoreBackground and Objective: The main objective of this research is to determine the key drivers for the sustainable development of machine carpet industry and to determine the scenarios for the future of sustainable development of Iranian carpet industry. Material and Methodology: In this research, using two methods of structural analysis and scenario analysis, first, identifying the key factors affecting the sustainable development of Iran's machine carpet industry and then developing future scenarios. Subsequently, using one of the soft opreation research tools that include soft systems methodology, these scenarios will become better. Initial research data were collected using interviews with Iranian carpet managers and experts and reviewing the literature and the background of the research. The data were analyzed through a questionnaire of expert opinion and using Mic-Mac software. Findings: Among the 34 key factors extracted, by reviewing the literature and interviewing the experts, key factors entered the checklist questionnaire, and the 16 key factors, according to their assumptions related to them at 0.05, were selected according to experts' opinion. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of the research, two factors of Business conditions and weakness in design were considered as influential variables in the sustainable development of Iran's machine carpet industry and finally, four scenarios of blossoming, lazy actors, disasters and the unpredictable world were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Risk-Return Tradeoff: Evidence of Capital Assets Pricing Model
Roohollah Farhadi Ali Saghafi Mohammad Taghi TaghavifardIn this research, return and risk tradeoff examined using standard form of Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) in Tehran Securities Exchange (TSE). Using a methodology related to the field of Ex post facto studies in financial researches, OLS and Quantile regression mod MoreIn this research, return and risk tradeoff examined using standard form of Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) in Tehran Securities Exchange (TSE). Using a methodology related to the field of Ex post facto studies in financial researches, OLS and Quantile regression model was used for test of CAPM. Results of running (linear and Quantile) two stage regression show that beta as systematic risk proxy cannot explain excess returns difference. Results show also unique risk can explain excess returns, although relation of unique risk and excess return is variant in different quartile of returns. As a conclusion, it can be stated that at least using of TSE Index as proxy of market portfolio, CAPM model does not explain stock prices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Study the effect of teaching sociological studies with project method on elementary school 6th grade male students’ environmental literacy
sardar akbari maryam sameriAime: the present study has been accomplished with the purpose of “The effect of teaching sociological studies with project method on elementary school 6th grade male students’ environmental literacy”. Methods:The project method was of pseud-experimen MoreAime: the present study has been accomplished with the purpose of “The effect of teaching sociological studies with project method on elementary school 6th grade male students’ environmental literacy”. Methods:The project method was of pseud-experimental kind which were used in pre-test and post-test with group control plans in its accomplishment. The sample of present research comprise 70 male students of elementary school 6th grade in Dist.1 of Urmia City in academic year 2016-2017 that were selected randomly using convenience sampling and were randomly categorized into 2 groups. In the present study, Salehi Omran and Agha Mohamadi’s Environmental Literacy Measurement Tool (2008) was used with approved contextual justifiability and sustainability coefficient of 771/0 for data collecting. For data analyze descriptive statistics (indexes of central tendecy and dispersion) and inferential (T-test of 2 independent groups and Analyze of Covariance (ANCOVA) were used. Results:The results showed that there is an significant difference among the students’ mean grade points in testing and controlling groups regarding their environmental literacy (knowledge, attitude and potentiality) with fault level of 5% (p <05/0) and the difference is in favor of students with the project method. Conclution: Therefore, it can be concluded that using active project teaching method has a positive effect on students’ environmental literacy. Therefore, it is recommended to provide students with the necessary resources to implement a project teaching method in schools in order to increase the environmental literacy of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Maurie and Gobineau's View of Iranian Art and Literature
Mahbubeh Fahimkalam Behzad Hashemi Mohammadreza MohseniIran and Iranian art treasures have got a great part in inspiring and creating numerous masterpieces of world literature. James Maurie and Gobineau are among writers who created their unique works under the influence of this rich heritage.Both benefiting from the condit MoreIran and Iranian art treasures have got a great part in inspiring and creating numerous masterpieces of world literature. James Maurie and Gobineau are among writers who created their unique works under the influence of this rich heritage.Both benefiting from the conditions prevailing in Iranian society, have got tremendous skill in reproducing the Iranian notion and that of orientalism in the form of stories. Their famous fictions "Adventures of Haji Baba Isfahani" and "Asian stories" are the evidence. In this paper, we aim to study the place of Iran through these works, and after that, to explore the view of these two authors on the Iranian society at that time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Study and compare (sonnet) lyrical approaches in poetries of Ibrahim naji and Mohammad Hussein karimi
Hossein Goli Shahrokh Hekmat Shahboddin KarimiThe comparative literature that is a branches from interdisciplinary studies, passes literary borders and discovers new findings. Therefore, lyrics in the scope of lyrical literature, open plenty fields for researchers. Studying lyrical themes at the works of naji and k MoreThe comparative literature that is a branches from interdisciplinary studies, passes literary borders and discovers new findings. Therefore, lyrics in the scope of lyrical literature, open plenty fields for researchers. Studying lyrical themes at the works of naji and karimi indicates that they were dynamic and efficient in composing sonnet. Two fundamental concepts have considered to achieve substantial results among content and context and genres of lyrics. the researchers study According to analysis of lyrical approaches and objective components. The American method of comparative literature was based because without caring whether literatures contractual relationship or not. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Comparative Study of Leili and Majnoon by Nizami, and Amir Khosrow Dehlavi's
Mohammad Moradi Ahmad Reza Keikha FarzanehThis descriptive – analytical study surveys the "Leili and the Majnoon" by Nizami and Amir Khosrow Dehlavi. It is clear that the temporal and spatial differences have had an undeniable effect on an imitated work; Therefore, although Dehlav MoreThis descriptive – analytical study surveys the "Leili and the Majnoon" by Nizami and Amir Khosrow Dehlavi. It is clear that the temporal and spatial differences have had an undeniable effect on an imitated work; Therefore, although Dehlavi's "Majnoon and Leili", is the same "Leili and Majnoon" by Nizami, It is a different work in terms of cultural and social components that do not have the specific structures and prejudices of the fifth century in the traditional Iranian society. However, the structure of both works is similar in terms of the beginning and the end of the story as well as the characters and the generalities of the story. But the one by Amir Khosrow Dehlavi, has given more opportunity to the beloved to express his love in processing Leili's character. Leili talks about her feelings and nostalgia along with women. The intellectual commonality of both poets is the Islamic cultural. Also special attention paid to the cultural conditions of Arabs and consequently, the special strictures that underlie the behavior of men and women in social relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Examining the expediency of prisoners in Quranic studies and law
rahman majazie alireza rajab zadeh alireza mazloom rahnieAbstractAs a necessity in any society, the pecuniary interest is certain and inviolable. In addition to the emphasis of the Holy Law on supporting disabled and disabled people who do not have the ability to protect their property and know the interests of their affairs; MoreAbstractAs a necessity in any society, the pecuniary interest is certain and inviolable. In addition to the emphasis of the Holy Law on supporting disabled and disabled people who do not have the ability to protect their property and know the interests of their affairs; Intellectuals, social reformers and legal scholars are also aware of the importance of the issue in every society and pay special attention to the proper implementation of protection for the imprisoned. Due to the fact that the management of the property and interests of minors, madmen, non-reshid persons, etc. has different aspects and includes many examples. Sometimes it happens, however, guardians, legal guardians, judicial authorities involved in financial affairs, etc., in financial and non-financial affairs, come across cases where two interests are placed against each other, to determine which of the conflicting matters From the Shari'a, moral and legal point of view, it is against financial gain; There is no specific rule. In this regard, there are shortcomings and abridgements of the laws, and the decisions of guardians, guardians or legal guardians may be contradictory in different cases, which is not compatible with justice. In this research, we will analyze the issue by examining the "expediency of prisoners in Quranic studies and law".Key words: expediency of prisoners, Quranic studies, law. Manuscript profile -
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61 - Harmoniousness Words in The Holy Quran
Ali Osat KhanjaniThe Qurancontains theTruthisbeyondhuman which in the place of thedescentofdivine knowledge and other theexistence grades to the naturecosmoshas been manifestedin the form ofhumanlanguagetobe in access oftheaudience proprotionallyaccording to theexpansion MoreThe Qurancontains theTruthisbeyondhuman which in the place of thedescentofdivine knowledge and other theexistence grades to the naturecosmoshas been manifestedin the form ofhumanlanguagetobe in access oftheaudience proprotionallyaccording to theexpansion of their existenceand to guide them.Therefore the characteristic of Arabic language of the characteristics in which it is descended, is manifested in it;the characteristics that have been the subject of Quran scholars since long ago, and have become thebase of emerging branches of science such as grammar, rhetoric, and philology. This research is a research in the field of Quranic terms that aims tounderstandthe how and why of the harmoniousness in this bookand the author studies the harmonious terms in the Quran by recognizing and investigating them from the viewpoint of linguistics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Evaluation Scintometric of Quran Studies Magazine
Saeedeh Mirhaghjoo LangroodiThis study contain’s the evaluation of scientific publishing condition of Quran quarterly journal in(2010-2013). Research findings shows that Quran quarterly journal by publishing 136 articles in 15 volumes, approximately has been regarding the publishing discipli MoreThis study contain’s the evaluation of scientific publishing condition of Quran quarterly journal in(2010-2013). Research findings shows that Quran quarterly journal by publishing 136 articles in 15 volumes, approximately has been regarding the publishing disciplinary. Writer partnership statistics tell us that half of the articles have one author, and the rest of them is the result of team working. 42 articles have been authored by colleague writers from one university, and 27 articles have been done by the other researchers from different universities. Islamic azad university of jroft is in the first position of article publishing. Due to write lots of articles, “ Mehdi Momtahen” has a unique position in this magazine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Analysis in the Journal of "Studies on Arabic Language and Literature
Marzieh Kohandel JahromiIntroduction: With reviewing of scientific production in any field, strategic planning could be conducted for policy research assessment, improve the quality of research activities and evaluate obtained promotions. This study aimed to analyze the content of published ar MoreIntroduction: With reviewing of scientific production in any field, strategic planning could be conducted for policy research assessment, improve the quality of research activities and evaluate obtained promotions. This study aimed to analyze the content of published articles in the journal of "Studies on Arabic Language and Literature during the years 2010 to 2013”. Methods: In this descriptive study, the content of 93 articles published in the Journal of "Studies on Arabic Language and Literature during the years 2010 to 2013 and mention the most important subject areas in the field of Arabic language and literature and most of them were affiliated to Teshrin University. Manuscript profile -
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64 - Analysis of Mother-headed Family Issues in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh
Pashang Delavari Mehdi Kargar Khosro Jalili Kohne Shahri Bahram KhoshnudiIn Firdausi’s Shahnameh there are numerous families with their siblings where in the absence of father, the mother takes the responsibility. The presence of these families regardless of their mythological, heroic, or historical backgrounds has paved the way for in MoreIn Firdausi’s Shahnameh there are numerous families with their siblings where in the absence of father, the mother takes the responsibility. The presence of these families regardless of their mythological, heroic, or historical backgrounds has paved the way for interdisciplinary researches to recognize and unearth their issues and predicaments.Considering the significance of this issue, the present research is an attempt to introduce "mother-headed" families in Shahnameh, and answer the question of what issues and problems these "mother-headed" families have encountered in Shahnameh which has led to their failures relying on qualitative data analysis and frequency of historical data.The results of this study shows that the number of" mother-headed" families in Shahnameh with a frequency of %11.76 is significantly close to the report provided by the Statistics Center of Iran in 2011 of the number of "mother-headed" families (12%). It was also found that families who were rejected or abandoned by their fathers were more affected than those who lost their fathers. Other causes of failure in the mother-headed families were identified as "the mother remarrying and having children with her second spouse,"as well as "the mother's absence from the child and her lack of support for the child." Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - In Vitro Release Studies of Enoxaparin in Nanoparticle form and Enterically Coated Tablets Containing Surfactants
Orkide Ghorban Dadras Morvarid Goharzadeh Mohammad Reza Avadi Zahra Ghassemi Asal Mirmohammad Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
66 - Preparation, Characterization and in vitro Release Studies of Enoxaparin in Nanoparticle form and Enterically Coated Tablets Containing Different Enhancers
Orkide Ghorban Dadras Morvarid Goharzadeh Mohammad Reza Avadi Assal Mir Mohammad Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
67 - Synthesis and Molecular Docking studies of Some Tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a] pyridine Derivatives as Potent α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Mohammad R. Asghariganjeh Ali A. Mohammadi Elham Tahanpesar Ayeh Rayatzadeh Somayeh Makarem -
Open Access Article
68 - Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of 2-arylideneindan-1,3-diones Derivatives as an Inhibitor of 17β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
Somayeh Makarem Nazila Amiri Notash -
Open Access Article
69 - Preparation, Characterization and in vitro Studies of Chitosan Nanoparticles Containing Androctonus Crassicauda scorpion venom
Orkideh Ghorban Dadras Asal Mir Mohammad Sadeghi Nastaran Farhangi Nazanin Forouhar Naser Mohammadpour Mohammad Reza Avadi -
Open Access Article
70 - Investigation of the adsorption of copper (II) (soluble in water) on activated carbon produced from PET outflow bottles
ali moghimi hossein anarakiIn this research, the adsorption of copper (II) metal ions on activated carbon was investigated using waste PET bottles. Initially, activated carbon was prepared using PET waste bottles and the activated carbon was characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET and SEM analyzes. Th MoreIn this research, the adsorption of copper (II) metal ions on activated carbon was investigated using waste PET bottles. Initially, activated carbon was prepared using PET waste bottles and the activated carbon was characterized using XRD, FTIR, BET and SEM analyzes. Then, the adsorption of copper (II) metal ions on the synthesized activated carbon was performed in batch mode. The effects of variables such as initial concentration of copper, temperature, pH and time were investigated and the results showed that the optimum amount of copper ion adsorption was in 50 ppm solution with a pH of 5 and a contact time of 90 minutes and an adsorbent amount of 0.1 g. Isotherms were studied using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models and the adsorption kinetics was investigated using pseudo-first as well as pseudo-second order models. It was observed that the behavior of the desired process follows the Freundlich isotherm and its kinetics corresponds to the pseudo-second order reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - A Lyric and Didactic Investigation of Lullabies in Bushehr Province
Manizhe Poornemat RoodsariIn the cultural studies approach, the researcher not only dose limit his research to the well-known and prestigious works, but also considers the popular literature as an indicator of the society's culture and worthy for criticism. since lullabies are considered as part MoreIn the cultural studies approach, the researcher not only dose limit his research to the well-known and prestigious works, but also considers the popular literature as an indicator of the society's culture and worthy for criticism. since lullabies are considered as part of folk and oral literature, It is important to achieve more understanding of people of different regions in the field of anthropology and, Therefore, it is useful to investigate how lullabies show social and cultural situation in the region. As writing down and recalling a few lullabies by themselves do not represent a community, the researcher must observe how these lullabies reflect the culture of a society. In this investigation there is an attempt to show that some of the lullabies illustrate the ideals of mothers and religious identity of the people. Lullabies also show the social and economic anxieties of people and family structures such as emotional relations and polygamy. Since the researches done so far about the lullabies of Bushehr have been more collective rather than analytic, this project seems necessary to make known cultural and economical point of views and religious identity of people in Bushehr specially those of mothers and women in this area. Manuscript profile -
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72 - Investigating the Reason for Compressor Gearbox Gear Failure in Arfa Iron and Steel Company using Analytical and Fracture Studies
Mahdi Ebrahimzadeh Ali Galehdari -
Open Access Article
73 - Evidence-based phytotherapy: what, why and how?
Satyajit d. Sarker Lutfun Nahar -
Open Access Article
74 - EFL Male and Female Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences A Case of Iranian EFL University Students
Mohammad Reza Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
75 - Code Glosses in Academic Writing: The Comparison of Iranian and Native Authors
Mahdi Dehghan Azizeh Chalak -
Open Access Article
76 - A students' Needs-analysis Study of Translation Studies Curriculum offered at Master’s level in Iranian Universities
Navid Nasrollahi Shahri Zahra Barzakhi Farimani -
Open Access Article
77 - Investigating Translation Theories Course in Iranian Universities: Students’ Expectations and Perceptions in Focus
Samaneh Shahsavarzadeh Hossein Heidari Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
78 - Shedding Light on Ecological Critical Language Awareness Construct: A Questionnaire Development and Validation Study in the Iranian EFL Context
Ghazaleh Cheraghpour Samvati Parviz Maftoon Mojgan Rashtchi -
Open Access Article
79 - Content Analysis of Primary School Social Studies Curriculum in Terms of Attention to Child Rights Education
Rahman Paryad Ahmad Salahshoori Mohammadreza Yosofzade chosariThis study aimed to investigate the interdisciplinary attention to children's rights education in the curriculum of elementary school social studies have been conducted in Iran. In this study, a qualitative method to identify the components and characteristics of child MoreThis study aimed to investigate the interdisciplinary attention to children's rights education in the curriculum of elementary school social studies have been conducted in Iran. In this study, a qualitative method to identify the components and characteristics of child rights education also content analysis to analyze the elementary school social studies curriculum has been used. The population in the content analysis was the country’s social studies curriculum in primary schools among which the country’s social studies curriculum third, fourth, fifth and sixth in the year of 2015-2016 has been selected intentionally. In order to collect information, check lists was analysis objectives analysis check list, textbook content check list, and teacher's textbooks content check list. For the analysis of the data, Shannon’s entropy method was used to obtain the credibility ratings of each component and to compare their coefficients. After the study of literature and legal framework, the proposal was developed and its validity was confirmed by a number of experts in education, law and other relevant experts. The findings showed that in the social studies curriculum of primary education in the objectives most credibility rating is related to educational rights (0.274) and less to health rights (0) and justice component (0), among The textbooks most credibility rating was related to health rights (0.205), and less to procedural law component (0.15), and amongThe teacher's textbooks most credibility rating was related to specific support (0.243) and less to procedural law component (0). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Content analysis of business and technology, Social studies, Persian and Quran sixth grade books based on WiLiam Romey technique
marzieh dehghaniTextbook is the most important sources for learning, particularly in centralized educational systems. Therefore, in this study, content analysis method is used to determine problem centered and active involvement of learners in newly compilation Persian, social studies, MoreTextbook is the most important sources for learning, particularly in centralized educational systems. Therefore, in this study, content analysis method is used to determine problem centered and active involvement of learners in newly compilation Persian, social studies, Quran, and business and technology sixth grade books, year 1391 based on William Romey techniques. According to this analysis, three components of student involvement in "text", "questions" and "image" of the book is considered. In the analysis of text, questions and images of social studies book, 978, 139 and 215 units were studied and rate of student involvement with text, questions and images are calculated 0.03, 0.6 and 0.07. Results showed that only questions are in the technique determined range from 0.4 to 1.5 and this explains activeness of questions. In the Quran book, the analysis of text, questions and images, 610, 404 and 41 units were studied and rate of student involvement with text, questions and images were calculated 0.03, 2.72 and 0.1. Only questions were in the specified Romey range. In text, questions and images analysis in the Persian book 850,108 and 44 units were studied and rate of student involvement with text, questions and images were calculated 0.03, 2.72 and 0.1. Only questions were in the specified Romey range. In the analysis of text, questions and images of business and technology book, 677, 132 and 183 units were studied and rate of student involvement with text, questions and images were calculated 0.9, 2.3 and 1.2 and all three items were in Romey range. Rate of learner’s involvement with question s in all four books showed over limit involvement, in other words questions in all book contents were active. Content analysis of texts and images in Persian, social studies and Quran books showed that these books images and texts were adjusted inactively. Content analysis of business and technology book show activeness in test, question and image. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Teaching methods based on the development of future studies in higher education in Iran: qualitative study
Mehdi keshavarzi mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian mohammad ali nadiOne of the duties of universities is the empowerment of students in various fields, including the recognition of the future or future studies. The increased ability of student futures can be improved through education during the years of study, so one can claim that one MoreOne of the duties of universities is the empowerment of students in various fields, including the recognition of the future or future studies. The increased ability of student futures can be improved through education during the years of study, so one can claim that one of the important variables that can be the ability of future student studies to influence students is the quality of teaching and learning methods. The purpose of this study was to design teaching methods based on the development of future studies in higher education, which was conducted using qualitative research methodology and using a strategy based on the data theory of the foundation. In this regard, semi-structured interviews with 14 faculty members in the field of curriculum and futures studies in universities of Fars province were carried out using purposeful approach and application of theoretical saturation criterion. To obtain the reliability and validity of the data from two Participants review method and review of non-participating experts in the research were used. The results of the data analysis were separated into separate concepts through three stages, open source coding, theoretical coding and selective coding with the aid of MAXQDA12 software, and 16 general categories were obtained. This article presents the findings of the study in the framework of the paradigmatic model including: causal conditions (4 categories), pivotal phenomenon (futures studies as a general approach to teaching), strategies (3 categories), fields (4 categories), interventional conditions (2 categories) and outcomes (2 categories). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Uncovering the hidden curriculum of supervisors\' selection in a Faculty of Mathematics: A qualitative study
Saeid Safaei Movahhed Mohammad AttaranHidden curriculum in higher education may be defined as a set of unstated rules which are necessary for completing the formal education successfully. Conducting a dissertation is one of the most important dimensions of postgraduate studies which owns exclusive dynamics MoreHidden curriculum in higher education may be defined as a set of unstated rules which are necessary for completing the formal education successfully. Conducting a dissertation is one of the most important dimensions of postgraduate studies which owns exclusive dynamics and plays a vital part in shaping the hidden curriculum. Considering these exclusive dynamics of research supervision process, I have tried to uncover the hidden norms which influence the postgraduate students of a Mathematics Faculty, when they decide to choose their supervisor. This study is conducted within the qualitative framework, using phenomenology as the method. To collect the needed narrative data, I applied semi-structured interviews, in addition to data extracted from informal talks with the informants. Thus, 9 M.A students from the Faculty of Mathematics were selected using purposeful sampling and the collected data were analyzed and classified by content analysis method. Based on the results, the influential norms can be listed as follow: research supervision style, supervisors' scientific traits, supervisors' personality traits, non-academic norms, limitations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The amount of observance the scientific principles in codification the goals of curriculum in Graduate Studies (Case Study: Isfahan University)
mohammad rahmanpoor mirghasem hosayni ahmanreza nasr esfahaniThe present study has been done with the aim of studying the amount of observance the scientific principles in codification the goals of curriculum in graduate studies at the Isfahan University. This qualitative study was conducted as a case study. Its statistical socie MoreThe present study has been done with the aim of studying the amount of observance the scientific principles in codification the goals of curriculum in graduate studies at the Isfahan University. This qualitative study was conducted as a case study. Its statistical society is all the members of Isfahan University faculty. 35 people were chosen by purposive sampling method as desired cases. The Research tool was semi-structured interviews. Data from the interview was analyzed by using categorization analysis. The results showed that to codifying goals the needs assessment has not been done, but more emphasis was on specialists views (Knowledge) also community needs, students' and other stakeholders' needs in higher education has not received enough attention. The Goals of curriculam was largely satisfactory at the level of knowledge, but producting knowledge has been least. Knowledge distributing (provide services) in goals was not satisfactory because community needs are not specified exactly. Entrepreneurship level in goals of curriculum has not been enough attended especially about its infrastructure and skills which needed to create entrepreneurship capacity building among students so the functions were weak in this scop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - The position of Global citizen in âsocial studiesâ curriculum of the sixth grade of elementary school
ebrahim mohammadjaniThe purpose of this study is to examine the position of global citizen in “social studies” curriculum of the sixth grade of elementary school. The research method is descriptive in type of content analysis. The analysis units were selected by sentences and f MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the position of global citizen in “social studies” curriculum of the sixth grade of elementary school. The research method is descriptive in type of content analysis. The analysis units were selected by sentences and figures and pictures. The statistical population is “social studies” book of sixth grade in elementary school, 2013-2014. Statistical sample in this study is equal to the population, “social studies” book of sixth grade in elementary school. The measurement tool in this study was Oxfam’s global citizenship checklist. This checklist includes three main fields a) cognitive domain b) skill domain and c) attitude domain and 15 components. The validity was determined by the educational science experts. Also three independent coders were used to assess the reliability which their homology coefficients of their coding was 0.83.The descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data (frequency, frequency percent, and table). The results of the data analysis showed that %20.97 of all the sentences and pictures of the “Social Studies” Curriculum of sixth grade are related to the cognitive domain, %3.03 of them are related to the skill domain, and %1.34 of them are related to the attitude domain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Evaluation of The Social Sciences Textbook of the First Grade of Guidance School: in terms of following the acceptable criteria and standards
Najmeh Ghaemi Vida Fllahi Abbas GholtashBased on the view points of the teachers about the criteria and standards of ideal textbooks, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the social sciences textbook of the first grade of the guidance school. 120 social sciences teachers of the first grade of MoreBased on the view points of the teachers about the criteria and standards of ideal textbooks, the present study was conducted in order to evaluate the social sciences textbook of the first grade of the guidance school. 120 social sciences teachers of the first grade of the junior high school in Kerman city were selected as the statistical population. The sample size once using census was equal to the population. finally 105 of the teachers completed the questionnaire.Data collecting instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire which was designed based on the 20-fold criteria of an ideal textbook. To verify the reliability, Cronbach' alpha was used (91%). To analyze the data as well as to rank the criteria, one sample t-test and non-parametric ranking test were applied. What this research focused on was finding to some extent the textbooks were consistent with intended purposes, lesson plans, and psychology of learning as well as ranking the criteria.According to the findings, there was a full consistency between the context of the social sciences books and intended educational purposes whereas, lesson planning and psychology of learning were to some extent consistent with the curriculum aims. From the teachers' point of view, amongst the criteria "relevance of the presented contents with everyday life “was the most perceived one and “providing the opportunities for extracurricular activities out of class” was the least perceived criterion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Investigating Progressive Citizenship Education Approach in
Abbas Gholtash Hossein Fayazbakhsh Parisa Farokhinejad Sedigheh MohammadjaniProgressive citizenship education approach is one of the approaches that emphasize on the preperation of oppartunities to achieve potentials for active participation in social life. The main purpose of this research was to study progressive citizenship education approac MoreProgressive citizenship education approach is one of the approaches that emphasize on the preperation of oppartunities to achieve potentials for active participation in social life. The main purpose of this research was to study progressive citizenship education approach in social studies textbooks in middle school. In this research, the library and documents were used to study and clarify the progressive citizenship education approach. Also content analysis was used to analyze social studies curriculum in middle school. Statistical samples of content analysis are social studies textbooks taught in middle school.Data collection instruments included lists of content analysis of textbooks. The data were collected by preparing content lists following a thourpugh investigation of theoretical principles and related legal issues. The validity was confirmed by 10 experts. The analysis unit was the sentences of textbooks. Content analysis of the textbooks showed different levels of attention to citizenship rights in different grades in middle school: 20.04% in social studies in the first grade 22% in the second grade and 20.14% in the third grade Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The experiences of students in Sixth Basic elementary school of social studies
Robabeh Rahimi Roghayyeh Vahdat javad keyhanthe goal of this research, The study of the living experience of the sixth grade students was a lesson in social studies. The method of qualitative research was using the phenomenological approach. The statistical population of the study was 6th grade elementary school Morethe goal of this research, The study of the living experience of the sixth grade students was a lesson in social studies. The method of qualitative research was using the phenomenological approach. The statistical population of the study was 6th grade elementary school students in Urmia. The sampling method was purposeful and continued to saturation data, which eventually saturated with 15 students. Semi-structured and exploratory interviews were used to collect data. For analyzing the data, a 7-step subject analysis Collaizzi method was used. Analyze Students' Perspective in 3 Subject Area(Culture and identity, social system, resources and) economic activities led to the identification code 311 primary, 30 sub themes and features 6 orginal themes Islamic Cultural Features (The culture of choosing a friend, the Islamic-Iranian cover, the culture of decision-making), Critical Thinking (Cultural comparison of Iran with neighboring countries, cultural comparison of different regions of Iran, existence of different religious religions in the country), Understanding community issues (Social participation, coordination and order in the military parade, unity in holding congregational prayers, social rights, The existence of a border between countries for having social security, driving traffic rules), Responsibility for yourself (personal rights, daily planning, having an order in doing things, Observe the criteria for choosing friends, respecting the right decision criteria), Understanding the talents of the country (fossil resources, resources and oilfields, gas refinery, new energy (Wind turbines, solar power plants, water turbines), Optimal use of resources (saving power, Solar energy conversion to electrical energy). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Designing a critical thinking training model and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students
hadi sajedi rad jafar jahani maryam shafiee sarvestani mahdi mohammadiThe purpose of this study was to design a model for teaching critical thinking and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method is mixed, ie first it was quantitative and then qualitati MoreThe purpose of this study was to design a model for teaching critical thinking and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method is mixed, ie first it was quantitative and then qualitative. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all sixth grade male students in Khorasan Razavi province in the academic year 2018-2019, which using a quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test with control group) among sixth grade students in Khorasan Razavi province (75 people) were selected as a statistical sample. The California Critical Thinking Scale was used to examine the variables of research and data collection. In this study, Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability coefficient. Accordingly, for this questionnaire, the validity coefficient was 0.81 and the reliability coefficient was 0.84. Descriptive statistics (mean, mean, etc.) and inferential statistics (one-sample T, analysis of variance) were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software. In the qualitative part of the study, it was phenomenological. The study population and sample included individuals who were purposefully studied in the quantitative section and the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Goba and Linkon criteria were used to validate the data. Data analysis was performed using Corbin and Strauss method in which data are divided into three levels: open, axial and selective. In the qualitative part of the research results led to the design of a model that included seven dimensions (analysis and evaluation, critical thinking, creativity, life skills, critical thinking, self-esteem and learning). And it becomes students' critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Content analysis of first year high school social studies textbooks based on national curriculum content indicators
parastoo salavati hassan maleki Fatemeh SohrabiThe purpose of the present study was to analyze the content of the textbook of social studies in high school. The research method is through content analysis. The research population was the first high school social studies textbook consisting of 1605 independent senten MoreThe purpose of the present study was to analyze the content of the textbook of social studies in high school. The research method is through content analysis. The research population was the first high school social studies textbook consisting of 1605 independent sentences, pictures and phrases. The sources studied and analyzed in this research are quantitative content analysis checklists. The results of the research show that in total 34% of textbook messages correspond to social education. Social participation indexes are about 103 and unity and solidarity indexes are 90, which is the most frequent in the textbook. As a conclusion, it can be said that the very important components of education that are almost neglected in this book are such as: Embarrassed and the command to good and forbidding the evil. In addition, honesty, fairness, criticism, and so on are essential components of social education that, according to research findings, the content of the book has been overlooked Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Analysis of teachers' experiences of the implemented sixth-grade elementary social studies curriculum in the field of citizenship education
zohreh Yousefinejad Langroodi parvin ahmadi parvin samadiThis study aimed to analyze teachers' experiences with the implemented sixth-grade social studies curriculum in the field of citizenship education. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach, which has been done with the case study MoreThis study aimed to analyze teachers' experiences with the implemented sixth-grade social studies curriculum in the field of citizenship education. This research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach, which has been done with the case study strategy. The statistical population of this study included teachers, deputies and administrators with more than ten years of teaching experience who were selected using standard sampling (standard sampling) using purposive sampling. A total of 36 people were interviewed, including 26 teachers, 5 deputies and 5 school principals. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed using the categorization and coding method developed by Glaser and Strauss. The criteria of reliability, reliability, and "member validity test" were used for data validity and reliability. The present study's findings indicate the existence of several challenges in the implementation of the social studies curriculum in terms of citizenship education and show the dominance of the conservative approach to citizenship education in the implementation of this program. Accordingly, it seems necessary to make major decisions in the implementation of the curriculum as well as change the type of attitudes and beliefs of teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Sohrevardi and his Proceeding Intellects
محمّد بقائی ماکانComparative studies to identify minds and thinking bases are of prime position. Sohrevardi s beliefs emerges in the comparison. One of the achievements of Illumination philosophy is that it depicts lost identities and refrains from self-arousal. Out of those scholars de MoreComparative studies to identify minds and thinking bases are of prime position. Sohrevardi s beliefs emerges in the comparison. One of the achievements of Illumination philosophy is that it depicts lost identities and refrains from self-arousal. Out of those scholars devoted to Illumination Sheikh are Qotboddin Shirazi, Jalaleddin Davani, Mirdamad Asterabadi, followers of Azar Kyevan, Haj Molla Hadi Sabzevari, and others whose works if studied make the reader get closer to Sohrevardis beliefs. The same is true with comparing Sohrevardi with Hege. Niche, and other Western philosophers, showing the existing the existing similarities available. Just like the book titled Journey to East by Herman Hesse that is of great simillarity with Secret Treatises of Illumination Sheikh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Pathology of Rumi Studies with an Emphasis on Western Studies and Redundant Studies in Iran
Mohsen IzadyarDue to the fact that during the past decade or so the studies and researches conducted on Rumi and his works of art has been on the rise in Iran and the West, the time is ripe that these number of researches with such an inclusive approach could be pathologically invest MoreDue to the fact that during the past decade or so the studies and researches conducted on Rumi and his works of art has been on the rise in Iran and the West, the time is ripe that these number of researches with such an inclusive approach could be pathologically investigated. This paper on Rumi studies tries to investigate on two areas on “Rumi Studies and West” as well as “Redundant Studies” during the studies relevant to such a great man of literature, culture, and mysticism of Iran, with an emphasis on academic studies, and the result has been the fact that Iranians are to blame concerning Rumi Studies and West and have neglected the means of cultural interaction with the West through Rumi; Also, in terms of transferring the concepts, information, and the Iranian research conclusions to the West, they have not taken any desirable actions so much that there has been a different image introduced to the West. Moreover, this paper declares the most prominent research plague about Rumi conducted in Iranian research and studies in the form of books, papers, theses, and research plans to be redundancy, parallelism, and plagiarism for which there are some solutions offered to get rid of these plagues and to prevent from further damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - مفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود
Fatemeh Pourjafariمفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود یکی از مفاهیم مورد بحث در جهان متکثر و چندفرهنگی کنونی، مقوله هویت می باشد که در آثار ادبی نیز به آن پرداخته شده است. نظریه های ادبی و فلسفی متفاوتی تمرکز خود را بر بررسی مفهوم هویت در ادبیات قرار داده اند که اخیر Moreمفهوم هویت و عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود یکی از مفاهیم مورد بحث در جهان متکثر و چندفرهنگی کنونی، مقوله هویت می باشد که در آثار ادبی نیز به آن پرداخته شده است. نظریه های ادبی و فلسفی متفاوتی تمرکز خود را بر بررسی مفهوم هویت در ادبیات قرار داده اند که اخیرترین آن ها نقد پسااستعماری می باشد. گایاتری چاکراورتی اسپیواک از منتقدین پسااستعمارگری با رویکرد فمینیسم، به مساله اقلیت ها در هر جامعه ای می پردازد و نشان می دهد که چگونه زن ها و رنگین پوستان توسط سیستم قدرت به حاشیه رانده شده و مورد ظلم قرار می گیرند. از این منظر، سیستم های سیاسی و ایدیولوژیک، هویت را از افراد گرفته تا آنها قادر نباشند خود را به عنوان سوژه هایی انسانی و دارای تاثیرگذاری تاریخی مطرح کنند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی روش هاییست که عاملیت زنان در رمان ندیمه اثر مارگارت اتوود چنان توسط قدرت محو شده که آنها به شی وارگی و فرودستی دچار شده اند. این تحقیق در پایان نشان می دهد که چگونه زنان فرودست و سرکوب شده راه هایی برای اعتراض و بیان خویش می یابند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - An analysis on the reading of resilient communities against earthquake risk (case study: Tabriz metropolis)
Amir Bakhshizadeh Akbar Abdollahzadeh Noor Mohammad MonjaziThe question and idea of the present article is a mixture of the attitude of resilient social drivers against the earthquake crisis; A matter that is colored by the increase in the population of urbanization and urban development, so that in this way the organizations i MoreThe question and idea of the present article is a mixture of the attitude of resilient social drivers against the earthquake crisis; A matter that is colored by the increase in the population of urbanization and urban development, so that in this way the organizations in charge of urban management pay attention to the management of the earthquake crisis. At the same time, the dimensions of this problem have been expanding, and one of its characteristics is the conflict between the drivers involved in organizing this phenomenon, which has increased its importance; Therefore, the aim of the research was to apply this concept to the geographical context of Tabriz metropolis, so that by identifying the parameters that affect the resilience of the region against the risk of earthquake, it can analyze the path of access to it. Based on the purpose, the current research is in the category of applied research, in terms of its nature and method, it is a descriptive-analytical research. The statistical population of the current research includes experts in the field of crisis management and urban resilience, based on the opinions of 35 experts who are available and familiar with crisis management and urban resilience, the final questionnaire is entered into the Micmac software and the SWAT method is used to identify the key points of knowing the factors in It is used to achieve social resilience in the identified susceptible areas of Tabriz metropolis. The results of the research showed that knowledge and social awareness, education and skills, and ability and access to services are the most important drivers for creating resilient communities in Tabriz. It is very important to use the power of awareness in the direction of active participation to deal with natural disasters such as earthquakes and increase resilience. Why, if people have enough knowledge and skills and are empowered, we can hope that when an earthquake occurs, they will be able to save their lives and those of their loved ones by reacting and behaving appropriately, and will suffer less physical, financial and emotional damage.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Tabriz city is located in the danger zone of high earthquakes, such as the uncoordinated and unprincipled growth of these cities, especially in the last few decades, construction in the boundaries of faults and prone areas, tectonic instabilities, the design and implementation of buildings and facilities and vital arteries disproportionate to the intensity of earthquakes. These cities have increased their vulnerability to earthquakes. The northern fault of Tabriz city, which is known as one of the most dangerous faults of Tabriz city, which passes through the north of Tabriz city and an area of Tabriz city, has caused the high risk of this region compared to the southern regions. This fault is one of the most fundamental tectonic structures in the northeast of Lake Urmia. Although several studies have been done on the earthquakes of Tabriz city in the past, but considering the population of Tabriz city which is more than 160,000 people and the industrial position of this city in the country of Iran, which has caused its rapid growth and development, the earthquake risk of this region should be investigated. It seems necessary in order to obtain more accurate results. Clarifying that today's changes will affect tomorrow's events is a reflection of future-research activities; Therefore, by knowing these developments and planning not to be surprised by the terrible storm of the earthquake crisis, it is possible to take the lever of management and control of the future and instead of facing a fixed future based on past trends, in order to achieve a desirable future with The resilience approach took a step forward. Research materials and methods: Based on the purpose, the current research is in the category of applied research, in terms of its nature and method, it is a descriptive-analytical research.Methodology: is based on the resilience approach against the earthquake crisis with a future-research, analytical-exploratory approach, which will be done by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. In this study, to collect primary information for documentary studies (library through reading books, theses, doctoral dissertations) and field observation and interviews with experts; Elites and subject matter experts will be used. The statistical population of the current research includes experts in the field of crisis management and urban resilience, in this regard, there is no explicit rule about the number of experts, and depending on the purpose of Delphi, the scope, the time of data collection, and the availability of resources, the number The participants are usually estimated to be between 15 and 50 people, and in the current research, 35 experts who are available and familiar with crisis management and urban resilience will be used. It is used to identify the key factors affecting the resilience of Tabriz metropolis. In this step, the factors extracted in the previous step are placed in a table two by two and are given to the panel members to value the effective factors based on specific numbers. Finally, the final questionnaire is entered into the Micmac software and based on The given scores are analyzed and key factors are extracted; And the SWAT method is used to identify the key points of knowing the factors in order to achieve social resilience in the identified susceptible areas of Tabriz metropolis. In the current research, after collecting the effective factors against the earthquake risk of Tabriz city using the environmental survey method and studying various sources, these factors were given to the members of the Delphi panel (consisting of 35 experts in the relevant field) in the form of a questionnaire in two rounds. Thus, in the first round, they were asked to determine the importance of each of the variables in the subject of the current research based on the Likert scale (5 degrees) and they were also asked to add their desired variables to the list in addition to the existing variables. do After examining the answers given in the first round of the Delphi panel, finally 87 variables were identified in 14 dimensions. In the second round of the Delphi panel, in order to finally confirm the variables for the analysis and continuation of the research, the factors confirmed in the first round in the form of a questionnaire They have been given to the relevant experts to re-score them. The results of the questionnaires in the second round were such that all the factors in the second round have been approved to continue the work by the experts of the Delphi panel. The factors and factors of the research have been mentionedResults and discussion: The results of the research showed that knowledge and social awareness, education and skills, ability and access to services are the most important drivers for creating resilient communities in Tabriz. Therefore, it is very important to adopt community-oriented crisis management solutions, empower citizens and use the power of awareness in order to actively participate in dealing with natural disasters such as earthquakes and increasing resilience. Why, if people have enough awareness and skills and are empowered, we can hope that when an earthquake occurs, they will be able to save their lives and those of their loved ones by reacting and behaving appropriately, and will suffer less physical, financial, and emotional damage. On the other hand, it should be kept in mind that the failure of modernization policies in the form of large-scale plans and re-reading the role of local communities in planning, along with the emergence of participatory paradigms in planning, necessitates the need to pay attention to individual and local measures. The emphasis of international assemblies on creating resilient communities and emphasizing the role of the local government in realizing this issue marks the beginning of a movement from the bottom up. These measures range from educating residents to formulating building regulations at local levels.Conclusion: The state of resilience of Tabriz city against the risk of earthquake is in a conservative position and it should be planned and improved by reducing the weak points and taking advantage of the opportunities; In this regard, the following strategies are suggested Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Analysis and study of elements and artistic images of nature in the poems of Saadi and Petrarch with emphasis on illustrated copies
ashraf sadat ashrafi Mohammadreza Asad Fateme AsgariThe present article is a comparative comparison between Saadi's sonnets and Petrarch's sonnets, which deals with the aesthetic aspects of nature, illustrations and poetic imagery in the form of similes, metaphors and symbols; Attention has been paid.Saadi, a great poet MoreThe present article is a comparative comparison between Saadi's sonnets and Petrarch's sonnets, which deals with the aesthetic aspects of nature, illustrations and poetic imagery in the form of similes, metaphors and symbols; Attention has been paid.Saadi, a great poet of love, and Petrarch father of Humanism, use nature and its various elements not only to describe their ownstate of mind but also to emphasize the beauty of their loved one. At a first sightusage of nature made by two poets appears identical, but with a more careful analytical study we realize some points of divergence at the level of poetic conception that exists in the two poetry collections. So knowing poetic traditions and very different linguistic styles bring us closer to poetic cultures far from our poetic raditionalready known for its lyricism and this is a factor that helps to enrich ourindepth cultural knowledge . The research method adopted is descriptive and analytical with a comparative approach between the two selected corpuses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Near surface cavities mapping using integrated geophysical techniques: Case study of Gadwalian dam, North Pakistan
Waqar Ahmad Khaista Rehman Muhammad Farooq Asghar Ali Tanveer Ahmed -
Open Access Article
97 - Investigating the Level of Attention Paid to the Components of Educational Law in Social Studies Textbooks of the Second Grade of Elementary School
Fatemeh Javanmard Sedigheh GHoltash مهدی سپهری نیاIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of attention paid to the components of educational law in social studies textbooks of the second grade of elementary school. The research method was quantitative content analysis and the unit of analys MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of attention paid to the components of educational law in social studies textbooks of the second grade of elementary school. The research method was quantitative content analysis and the unit of analysis was text, exercise and image. In this study, the components of educational rights include the right of access to education, the component of the right to access quality education and the component of respect for human rights. Research Methodology: The statistical population is the social studies textbooks of the second grade of elementary school and the sample size was considered equal to the statistical population. Descriptive statistics index was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that the components of children's educational rights have been considered 42 times in the fourth grade social studies textbook, in the fifth grade 38 times and in the sixth grade 37 times. In the social studies textbook of the fourth grade, the most important component was the "right to quality education" with twenty-five times of repetition. In the fifth grade social studies textbook, the most important component was the "respect for human rights in education" component with twenty-six times of repetition. In the sixth grade social studies textbook, the most important component was the "respect for human rights in education" component with twenty-five times of repetition. Exploratory factor analysis, and the one-sample t-test), as well as SPSS and LISREL software were utilized. Findings: The results demonstrated that the school elements in creating social capital in students consisted of teachers (0.51), education (0.53), the curriculum (0.58), school principals (0.40), educational staff, and the school environment (0.51). In addition, the constituents of the students’ social capital included cognitive, communicational, and structural capitals. In this article extracted from the mentioned research, the ‘curriculum’ was addressed as the most influential factor, among school elements, in creating social capital in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Documentary Study of Futures Studies Articles in the Field of Education
Robab Rahmati Amir karimi Futures research in education is one of the new dimensions of this science in the current world that has been considered by researchers in this field and research in this area is increasing gradually. Therefore, this article firstly aims to investigat More Futures research in education is one of the new dimensions of this science in the current world that has been considered by researchers in this field and research in this area is increasing gradually. Therefore, this article firstly aims to investigate the evolution of published articles in the field of futures studies in Iranian education and, secondly to identify new directions in research for the development of this science.The present study is a review on the basis of which Noormags databases, Comprehensive Humanities Portal, Jihad Daneshgahi Scientific Information Center database, Civilica, Elmnet, Magiran, etc. were examined using keywords of futures research in curriculum, schools, teaching, education, distance education, books and educational documents. All published articles from 2011 to 2021 were reviewed and analyzed. After studying and evaluating the content of the articles, the research gaps and the areas of interest of the articles were reviewed and analyzed.indicate that the main topics studied in recent decade articles include the document of fundamental change in education and the curriculum and the qualitative method was the most frequent. Research proposals also focused on futures research in online classrooms, international classrooms, educational robots, and sustainable education. The neglected areas can be considered by researchers for new research topics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The Effect of Collaborative Teaching Method on the Development of Social Skills in the Social Studies Course of fifth Grade Elementary School Girls
zahra zadsirjan Hamid SinaIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cooperative teaching method on the development of social skills in students' social studies course.Research Methodology: To achieve this goal, fifth grade elementary school female students in the c MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cooperative teaching method on the development of social skills in students' social studies course.Research Methodology: To achieve this goal, fifth grade elementary school female students in the city of Estahban (2019-2020) have been studied. This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test design and it has experimental and control groups. All of the fifth grade elementary school female students in Estahban (2019-2020) were the statistical population of this study, among which 59 students were selected through convenience sampling method. Before the process of learning, a Gresham and Elliott Social Skills Questionnaire (teacher and student form) (1990) was run as a pre-test in both groups. The data was analyzed using a covariance analysis in SPSS.Findings: The results of this study show that the Collaborative Teaching Method, with an error tolerance of 0.05, has a significant effect on the development of all components of the students’ social skills, including cooperation, assertiveness, self-control and empathy, and this method is more effective than other traditional teaching methods on the students' social skills.Conclusion: Since the collaborative teaching method has a great impact on the development of student’s social skills, it is a good alternative to the traditional teaching method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Comparative Study of Significance of Barbad’s musical modes or alhan in Nizami’s Khosrow and Shirin and Manuchehri’s Texts
Mansoure SabetzadehStudying music in literary texts and its mutual inspirations is one of the branches of comparative studies. This paper investigates music and its system in Nizami’sKhosrow and Shirin. Khosrow and Shirin is one of the most prominent musical heritages and Barbad&rsq MoreStudying music in literary texts and its mutual inspirations is one of the branches of comparative studies. This paper investigates music and its system in Nizami’sKhosrow and Shirin. Khosrow and Shirin is one of the most prominent musical heritages and Barbad’s musical derivative modes called Alhan in which the names of songs and sounds, instruments and music have been cited in terms of lyrical themes. Thus, it is used as a sovereign exposition of music. One of the most significant elements of Khosrow and Shirinis revealing some parts of musical system of Sassanid era including Barbad’s thirty derivative modes named lahn. Theses modes had been appraised by Manuchehriformerly. This paper is a comparative study of Barbad’s modes or alhan cited in various accounts in different texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - A Sociological Reading of Qazi and His Translations
Shilan ShafieiOne of the characteristics of the field of translation studies that distinguishes it from other fields of knowledge is its inter-disciplinarity. This inter-disciplinarity has two main reasons: The first is the MoreOne of the characteristics of the field of translation studies that distinguishes it from other fields of knowledge is its inter-disciplinarity. This inter-disciplinarity has two main reasons: The first is the way of its coming to existence which is the result of joining the research fields such as: contrastive analysis, comparative literature, translator training courses and historical research in translation. The second reason is related to the nature of the translation itself. Translation in both meanings i.e. the linguistic product or the process of transferring message from one culture to another has the capacity to be investigated through very different theoretical frameworks and common research techniques in different research fields such as: literature, linguistics, art research, history, philosophy, technology information, training, inter-cultural studies, sociology and etc. The present study is a sociological glance on the works and the personality of Mohammad Qazi from the Bourdieu’s theory of practice perspective. This theory poses the dialectic relationship between Field and Habitus. In the first part of this study, an analysis of the above- mentioned concepts of the theory will be presented; the author next investigates the relationship between these concepts and Qazi and his translations briefly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Tradition of Quran politico-social Research in Contemporary Iran(Sheikh Hadi Najmabadi and Asadollah Kharaghani)
Sayyed Mohsen Ale Sayyed ghafur Mona HamidinasabThe purpose of this study is to study the flow of socio-political intellectual interactive structures and to identify the alternative components of the discursive order of religion and politics in the development of Iran's thought system. The historical writing of the t MoreThe purpose of this study is to study the flow of socio-political intellectual interactive structures and to identify the alternative components of the discursive order of religion and politics in the development of Iran's thought system. The historical writing of the tradition of "new-thinking Islam" is the main focus of this research. The main question of this article is about the Islamic neo-thinker's approach in the interactive relationship between original sources and the fight against the intellectual degeneration of Muslims in the political society. And what changes did this tradition see in the first Pahlavi period and what kind of connection (contradiction, friction and dialogues) did it experience with other traditions such as Faqahati Islamic tradition? The research method in this article is descriptive and analytical. Designing and answering these questions requires knowing and re-understanding the history of Iran and the history of the political thought of modern Iran. The tradition of Navandish Islam is the result of efforts and struggles of three ancient traditions, Islamic and Western. In this tradition, Iranian-Islamic concepts and teachings, which rest in an aura of heavenly and otherworldly sanctity, are mixed with the western tradition, which has an earthly perception of them, and a reinterpretation of Islam is presented. This tradition, on the one hand, deprived the political sphere of heavenly sanctity and considered the public sphere to belong to the people, and on the other hand, it did not consider science to be in conflict with religion, but considered the goal of both to be the same. Therefore, this article examines the tradition of political research on the Qur'an by studying the views of two scholars, Sheikh Hadi Najmabadi and Asadullah Kharaghani Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Belquis Character Analysis in Kelidar's Novel Based on Erich Fromm's Theory of Love
mostafa mohammadi lida namdar The present paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary studies in better understanding and receiving human knowledge and assuming a close link between literature and psychology with a descriptive-analytical manner based on the American School of Comparat More The present paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary studies in better understanding and receiving human knowledge and assuming a close link between literature and psychology with a descriptive-analytical manner based on the American School of Comparative Literature, which is interdisciplinary in nature and With a scientific approach and with Using Erich Fromm's theory of love, explores the context and characteristics of love in relation to Belquis's character in Kelidar's novel.The aim of the research is to find an answer to the question of why and how in a novel like Kelidar, Despite the oppression in it, the motif of love have been nurtured and spread. The research findings show that according to Fromm's love theory in Kelidar's novel, first: contrary to popular belief, love is not limited to the relationship between a lover and a beloved or a specific person; rather, it has a variety of functions, motivations, and contexts; Secondly, Dolatabadi's works, were not limited to local issues, Beautiful and creative expressions of love in his works and specifically in the character of Belqis with the artist is fully represented which have doubled the richness of his works. The findings also show Belqis has all the characteristics of fromm's love, The quality of her presence in the novel and the events that take place are proof of the fact that responsibility, endurance of suffering, needlessness, sacrifice are all born of praiseworthy and true love, which the fromm considers each of them as the characteristics of true love. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - A Study and Application of Narrative in Ghazaleh Alizadeh's Works, Relying on the Novels "House of the Idrisians", "Nights of Tehran"
Zinat Nateghpour Ali Mohammad Moazzeni Teymur Malmir Narratology, as a new science, examines the grammar of fiction. Using the indicators of narratology, the structural pattern of narratives can be achieved. Numerous linguists have offered extensive theories in this field, and among them, Gerard Genet's studies are More Narratology, as a new science, examines the grammar of fiction. Using the indicators of narratology, the structural pattern of narratives can be achieved. Numerous linguists have offered extensive theories in this field, and among them, Gerard Genet's studies are extensive. In his study of narratives, he relies on three general indicators: "time", "state or aspect" and "sound or tone". Ghazaleh Alizadeh, is among the contemporary writers of Iranian fiction whose works can be considered from the perspective of narratology. Relying on the views of narratologists, especially Gerard Gennet's theories, this article examines the three components mentioned in the works of these authors. Narration in the past and the past in the past, the narration of the present and the frequent passage from the present to the past are the salient features of the mentioned works in terms of time. Most of the events of these works are narrated in a straight line, Using Negative and Positive Acceleration, Frequency and Its Types, Zero Focus and Inner Focus, Intra-Story Narrative from a First-Person Perspective, Monologue, Hadith Nafs and I am a Witness, Extra-Story Narrative from a Third-Person Perspective, as well as Post-Time and Simultaneous Narration, Is one of the features of narration in the above-mentioned novels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Presenting an Identity Model Based on Content Analysis of Social Studies Book of Junior High School
Ezat Khabazi Prinaz Banisi -
Open Access Article
106 - A Reflection on Proving the Real Identity and Historical Content of the Rock Relief of Ardeshir Babakan at Naqsh-e Rajab, Fars
Seyyed Rasool Mousavi HajiWhenever researchers come across a new point concerning Sassanid history, succeed in deciphering an inscription, or discover and understand a new cultural work, they invariably turn to Sassanid relief carvings, which have long been famous and considered valuable sources MoreWhenever researchers come across a new point concerning Sassanid history, succeed in deciphering an inscription, or discover and understand a new cultural work, they invariably turn to Sassanid relief carvings, which have long been famous and considered valuable sources of the Sassanid period. Precious reliefs, which, as authentic criteria, can serve to measure documents obtained from historical and archaeological studies, giving rise to important discoveries and results, represent a large portion of the Sassanid arts, cultural political and religious practices. Since the rise of the Sassanid dynasty is important in the process of Iran's history, it is necessary to clarify the exact status of archaeological findings - especially its rock reliefs be remove their historical content from any ambiguity and darkness. Studies show that (1) The donor of the royal crown to Ardeshir Babakan in one of the reliefs of Naqsh-e Rajab, Fars is none other than Ahura Mazda. Attributing this character to a high priest or any other mortal character has no scientific basis or rationale; (2) The marriage of Ardeshir Babakan with Ardavan V’s daughter and the birth of Shapur I as a result of this marriage, is false, and derived from a folk legend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Review of linguistic studies about Urartus in Azerbaijan
Farnaz Sahebkheir -
Open Access Article
108 - Survey of the position of cultural intelligence dimensions and components in the educational textbooks content of secondary high school course of Iran in the social studies scope
حسن نجفی فاطمه شکرانی علیرضا صادقیThis research objective is analysis of the position of cultural intelligence dimensions and components in the educational textbooks content of secondary high school course of Iran in the social studies scope. Research method is descriptive-content analysis. Statistical MoreThis research objective is analysis of the position of cultural intelligence dimensions and components in the educational textbooks content of secondary high school course of Iran in the social studies scope. Research method is descriptive-content analysis. Statistical society includes all educational textbook of secondary high school course in the social studies scope in 2014-15 academic year, that due to the nature of research issue and limitation of statistical society, we passed up sampling and whole statistical society considered as a sample. Measurement tool was researcher made content analysis check list, and research results were examined and analyzed by using indicators of descriptive statistics in Shannon entropy analysis process. The main findings of research indicates that the books of secondary high school course in social studies scope have been attended to cultural intelligence dimensions and components 747 times, that its amount in grades; first, secondary, third, fourth courses were 119,167,208 and 253 times respectively. Also among the examined dimensions; meta-cognition dimension with 0.986 and importance coefficient 0.266, have been allocated maximum attention to itself, and behavioral dimension with information load rate 0.785 and importance coefficient 0.212 have been allocated minimum attention to itself. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Content analysis of the "Social Studies textbooks" in the Primary schools with respect to the social competency components
Razieh jalili javad jahanThis research aiming to investigate the amount attention to the social competence components of Social studies curriculum in primary school. The research method is descriptive for identifying components and content analysis method has been used to study and analyze the MoreThis research aiming to investigate the amount attention to the social competence components of Social studies curriculum in primary school. The research method is descriptive for identifying components and content analysis method has been used to study and analyze the social studies curriculum. The study statistical communities were the social studies textbooks of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth grades. Data collection tools were an Inventory of analyzing textbooks contents which Compiled after studying literature and legal contexts. And its validity has been determined by the Education Specialists and the relevant experts. The Content analysis unit had been pictures, paragraph and practicing. , findings indicate that:In the cognitive skill, the most emphasis in the fifth grade was 38.3, and the lowest in the third grade was 21.3 respectively. And the total average emphasis was 0/033/78, which was evaluated in a low level. In the Emotional Skills, the highest emphasis was placed in the third grade with0/0 7.2 and the lowest in the fourth grade with 0.4 and the mean total was 0/02.2 percent,. In The motivational skills, the most stressed in the fifth grade with 0/019.3 and the lowest fourth grade with0/0 7.2 The average of the total emphasis on the motivational component was 0/09.6 percent. And in the behavioral skills; the most emphasis was placed in the third grade with 0/011 and lowest fifth grade with the rate of 0/7 respectively, and the total average emphasis was 0/06., which in three skills is evaluated in a very low level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Content analysis of the sixth grade social studies textbook based on the social skills component
Pari Fahandezh saadi Hossein AflakifardThe purpose of this study was to analyze the content of sixth grade social studies textbooks based on social skills components. The research method was qualitative and the content analysis method was beyond the readability level and the statistical population included t MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the content of sixth grade social studies textbooks based on social skills components. The research method was qualitative and the content analysis method was beyond the readability level and the statistical population included the sixth book of social studies. To review the sixth elementary social studies textbook based on the skill component and method beyond the randomly selected statistical sample, three texts of 100 words from the beginning, middle and end of the textbook were considered. Based on the component of social skills in the Fry method, according to the findings, it can be said that in the sixth elementary social studies book, social skills are presented in different chapters. The most attention in the field of communication skills is in the category of communication skills, the most attention in the field of self-governance skills is in the category of skills of consulting with others and the most attention in the field of courage is in the category of self-recognition skills. The principle of simplicity or difficulty is simply not observed in the book, and the authors of the textbooks have not arranged the content according to a specific pattern. Also, based on the Fry index chart, it was determined that the contents of the book are suitable for the twelfth grade, and these contents are difficult for sixth grade students and do not fit their reading level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Investigating the components of emotional intelligence in the social studies curriculum with emphasis on the problem-oriented approach
soudabeh khalili reza masouminejadThe aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of emotional intelligence in the social studies curriculum with emphasis on the problem-oriented approach. The approach of the research was applied in terms of objective and qualitative in terms of implementation MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of emotional intelligence in the social studies curriculum with emphasis on the problem-oriented approach. The approach of the research was applied in terms of objective and qualitative in terms of implementation method of inductive content analysis.The research community included social studies books of elementary school (3rd to 6th grade) in the academic year of 1400-1401, which were selected as samples due to the nature of the subject of the books of all grades.To validate the accuracy of the data, the researcher's self-review method and rich data description were used, and for data reliability, a simultaneous review was used. Content analysis checklist was also used to collect and analyze data. The findings of this study included 5 main categories, 20 sub-categories, etc. The main categories of social skills (altruism, participation, citizenship rights, friendship, activism), self-awareness (spiritualism, nature, creativity), Self-regulation (decision-making, management, skills development, thinking, leadership), empathy (value-oriented, perceptible, behavioral originality, Patternability) and motivation (purposefulness, semantics, Enhancing knowledge) were identified. The results showed that the application of concepts and activities related to emotional intelligence in order to institutionalize desirable practices in the personal life of students and extend it to activities that benefit the community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Investigating the Factors Affecting the Formation of Primary Teacher Educational Theory in Bilingual Areas: A Narrative Inquiry
javad jahandidehThe purpose of this article is to investigate the factors affecting the formation of primary school education theory in bilingual areas. The present research has been done with a qualitative approach and using the narrative research design. The research field included a MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate the factors affecting the formation of primary school education theory in bilingual areas. The present research has been done with a qualitative approach and using the narrative research design. The research field included all bilingual teachers in Saravan city. By purposive sampling method, 4 people were selected from all bilingual teachers in primary school. The research tools were narrative and semi-structured interviews as well as field notes. Analysis of research data was performed using thematic content analysis. depth analysis of teachers' perspectives identifies and categorizes six organizing themes including: personal life experiences (experience of interacting with the child in personal life, family circumstances, familiarity with successful educational systems), pre-service experiences (student experiences, student experiences, Teacher-like experience), in-service experiences (interaction with students and classroom conditions, interaction with colleagues, testing ideas in practice), teacher personality traits (hereditary traits, acquired traits), nature of the child (characteristics of the modern child, General characteristics of the child) and education (psychology and related theories, practical training or internship, theories related to education).The findings also showed that each teacher has a unique educational theory that is largely inconsistent with the educational theories introduced by educational theorists; Rather, they are either a combination of several theories or a new form of belief about the components of the educational process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Role of Internal and External developmental assets in Predicting the Academic Performance of Work and Technology course and Social Studies course for Ninth Grade Students
Arezu Ghafoori Mahdi Shariat Bagheri Ebrahim SafiKhanie Mahdi RezaiePositive development during adolescence has lifelong consequences; developmental assets frameworks contribute to the well-being of newcomers, including avoiding high-risk behaviors and engaging in positive or thriving behaviors. One of the main concerns of educational MorePositive development during adolescence has lifelong consequences; developmental assets frameworks contribute to the well-being of newcomers, including avoiding high-risk behaviors and engaging in positive or thriving behaviors. One of the main concerns of educational systems is trying to find ways to improve students' academic performance. The statistical population of the research was all ninth grade students of Qazvin province. Various psychological factors can affect academic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of internal and external developmental assets in predicting the academic performance of ninth grade students in work and technology and social studies. With the cluster sampling strategy, the questionnaires were provided to the students in a Shad environment. Regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of independent variables in predicting the dependent variable. The results of the present study indicate that the correlation (relationship) between the variable of developmental assets and its subscales and students 'performance in work and technology and social studies is significant, which with increasing students' developmental assets score, their academic performance also improves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Assessment of the Position of Cultural Intelligence Dimensions and Components in the Educational Textbooks Content of Secondary High School Course of Iran in the Social Studies Scope
hasan najafi alireza sadegiThis research objective is Assessment of the position of cultural intelligence dimensions and components in the educational textbooks content of secondary high school course of Iran in the social studies scope. Research method is descriptive-content analysis. Statistica MoreThis research objective is Assessment of the position of cultural intelligence dimensions and components in the educational textbooks content of secondary high school course of Iran in the social studies scope. Research method is descriptive-content analysis. Statistical society includes all educational textbook of secondary high school course in the social studies scope in 2014-15 academic year, that According to adapt to the analytical logic of purposive sampling was used and all four social studies textbook first year, second year sociology, sociology of the third and fourth year of civics are intended as examples. Measuring tool, Czech researcher was content analysis and its validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability Svry- content and test-retest 0/93 respectively. Research results were examined and analyzed by using indicators of descriptive statistics in Shannon's Entropy Software Version 2015 analysis process. The main findings of research indicates that the books of secondary high school course in social studies scope have been attended to cultural intelligence dimensions and components 747 times, that its amount in grades; first, secondary, third, fourth courses were 119,167,208 and 253 times respectively. Also among the Assessment dimensions; meta-cognition dimension with 0.986 and importance coefficient 0.266, have been allocated maximum attention to itself, and behavioral dimension with information load rate 0.785 and importance coefficient 0.212 have been allocated minimum attention to itself. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Haqshbandiyya studies in the West and Russia
Ali Aramjooطریقت صوفی نقشبندیه که به سبب ماهیت و عملکرد خاص اعتقادی و سیاسی اش، در چند سده اخیر مورد توجه شرق شناسان بوده است در حال حاضر نیز به عنوان پدیده ای زنده و تأثیرگذار، موضوع ویژه ای برای پژوهش در محافل علمی و سیاسی غرب به شمار می آید. روند مطالعات غرب در این باب در دوره Moreطریقت صوفی نقشبندیه که به سبب ماهیت و عملکرد خاص اعتقادی و سیاسی اش، در چند سده اخیر مورد توجه شرق شناسان بوده است در حال حاضر نیز به عنوان پدیده ای زنده و تأثیرگذار، موضوع ویژه ای برای پژوهش در محافل علمی و سیاسی غرب به شمار می آید. روند مطالعات غرب در این باب در دوره های مختلف تغییر و تحولاتی را از سر گذرانده است. اگرچه تا نیمه نخست قرن نوزده اطلاعات غرب در باب طریقت صوفی نقشبندیه بسیار کلی و آشفته بود اما در پی شکل گیری و توسعه علایق و منافع کشورهای غربی در شرق و نمودار شدن نقشبندیه به عنوان سردمدار برخی مقاومت های محلی، وضع تغییر کرد. چالشی که نقشبندیه آسیای مرکزی، برای قدرت روزافزون روسیه در آن منطقه ایجاد می کرد، موجب شد تا در آثار نویسندگان روسی، با نوعی تعصّب و یکجانبه نگری به آنها پرداخته شود. در قرن بیست و به دنبال شکل گیری شوروی این وضع ادامه یافت. اواخر قرن نقطه عطفی در تاریخ مطالعات نقشبندیه به شمار می آید. از یکسو چالش هویتی در دولت-ملت های تازه تاسیس، توجه به پیشینه تاریخی و فرهنگی – که نقشبندیه جزو جدایی ناپذیر آن به شمار می آمد- را ضرورت می بخشید و از طرف دیگر غرب برای فهم دقیق چگونگی تعامل با این دولت ها به پژوهش هایی گسترده در این زمینه اقدام کرد ضمن اینکه خود نیز در نتیجه توسعه روزافزون نقشبندیه و حضور قابل توجه آنها در جهان غرب به نوعی مبتلا به آن محسوب می شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Evaluation of the Naqshbandiyya studies in the West and Russia
ali aramjoIn recent centuries, Naqshbandiyya Sufi order which because of its nature , special believe functions and his policy has been paid attention by Orientalists.Now as something living and effective, specific topics for research in scientific and political circles in MoreIn recent centuries, Naqshbandiyya Sufi order which because of its nature , special believe functions and his policy has been paid attention by Orientalists.Now as something living and effective, specific topics for research in scientific and political circles in West. Process of the West studies in this subject, according to the policies and strategies of the Western goverments in the East, in different periods, as well as after their scientific and cultural evolution,has passed some changes and evolutions. According to the present research findings, although until the first half of the 19th century westerns information about the Naqshbandiyya Sufi order was so vague and confusing, but in the wake of the formation and development interests and the interests of Western countries in East and appearing Naqshbandiyya as a leader in some local resistance, the situation was changed. The challenge Naqshbandiyya was created for the growing power of Russia in Central Asia, led to the works of Russian writers, with bias and unilateralism to be addressed. In the 20th century and following of formation of the Soviet Union, this situation continued. In the end of 20th century and the subsequent of collapse of the USSR and the establishment of independent republics in Central Asia, is considered a milestone in the history of Naqshbandiyya .On the one hand the challenge of identifying newly established nation-states, paying attention to the historical and cultural background necessitetes, and on the other hand the West to understanding how is interaction with this state , action out widely researches in this field. In addition itself ( the West) as a result of the increasing development of Naqshbandiyya and their signifficant presence in the West world , considered a suffering to laid of that . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Statistical studies and investigation of environmental contamination of arsenic in stream sediments of Zaylik area, southeast of Ahar
Abolfazl Hasanzadeh Koulani Somayeh Baharlouei YancheshmehAbstractAccording to the statistical studies that were carried out in the Zylik mineralization zone, most of the samples collected from stream sediments show the concentration of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) higher than their Clarke concentration (Clarke number or cla MoreAbstractAccording to the statistical studies that were carried out in the Zylik mineralization zone, most of the samples collected from stream sediments show the concentration of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) higher than their Clarke concentration (Clarke number or clarke is the relative abundance of a chemical element, typically in Earth's crust). Also, according to the United States environmental protection agency (U.S. EPA) report, these values are higher than its standard for residential and industrial areas. According to the geochemical distribution map of these elements, the highest concentration of arsenic (As) is in the north and northeast and antimony (Sb) is in the north, south and east of the study area. It seems that this enrichment corresponds to the streams passing through the siliceous veins and caps in the north of the region. Therefore, this area can be the source of environmental contamination, which affects the ecosystem as a result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Future studies of competition and political participation in the Islamic Republic of Iran
mohammad Agha alikhani Asghar Partovi Mehdi ZakerianThe concept of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran is institutionalized based on competition and partnerships, and paying attention to the future of these two factors indicates the strength or weakness of the Islamic Republic system. Increasing participation, as MoreThe concept of development in the Islamic Republic of Iran is institutionalized based on competition and partnerships, and paying attention to the future of these two factors indicates the strength or weakness of the Islamic Republic system. Increasing participation, as a multidimensional process, affects or is influenced by many components; In such a way that its realization requires teamwork, intellectual-procedural stability of the system's agents, in relation to positive trends and optimal synergy of potential and actual capacities and infrastructures. Therefore, the question of the present article is, what are the future-oriented guidelines for increasing competition and political participation in Iran? The current research is analytical-descriptive with a future research approach, using the scenario method. The findings indicate a scenario development for a favorable future for civil society in relation to political participation; which includes the possible scenario; possible scenario; He pointed out the favorable future scenario. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - The Contrastive Analysis of Persian and English Adjective Knowledge
Mahboobeh Joze Tajareh Mohammadreza Khodareza -
Open Access Article
120 - Failing a course: A diary case study of an Iranian EFL student
Alireza Bonyadi -
Open Access Article
121 - Forecasting the exchange rate using futures studies methods and examining the effect of currency fluctuations on the performance of companies: A case study of Iran Tobacco Company
Alireza Fathinia Ali BadizadehExchange rates always have a high priority and attractiveness in society, especially among companies. Different methods are used to predict the exchange rate, among which structural methods as methods of fundamental analysis, a little precision in advance. They have an MoreExchange rates always have a high priority and attractiveness in society, especially among companies. Different methods are used to predict the exchange rate, among which structural methods as methods of fundamental analysis, a little precision in advance. They have an accurate forecast of the exchange rate, but they are very useful as a long-term perspective and illuminate the movement of the exchange rate. Technical compensation can be used to compensate for the shortcomings of these methods. Using futures research techniques, in addition to covering the study gap of futures research techniques in forecasting exchange rates, errors due to quantitative methods have been minimized so that companies are prepared for the occurrence of various situations. In the final part of the article, the effect of currency fluctuations on the performance indicators of the tobacco company during the last three years is examined. The results of the study indicate that currency fluctuations have the first and greatest impact on the implementation of development projects and also sudden economic shocks are not immediately reflected in the performance of companies and due to the presence of shock absorbers such as inventory in Warehousing, borrowing purchases and long-term debt creation, over time, gradually affect and weaken the company's performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Numerical Modeling of the Effect of Geocell Elements’ Dimensions on Behavior of Circular Footings
Soheil Ghareh -
Open Access Article
123 - The Study of Human Rights in Social Studies Textbooks in middle school
Abbas Gholtash Moslem Salehi Parisa FarrokhinezhadThe aim of this study was to study of consideration rate to human rights in social studies textbooks of middle school in Iran. In this research descriptive method for determining the components of human rights and content analyzing method to study and analyze of textboo MoreThe aim of this study was to study of consideration rate to human rights in social studies textbooks of middle school in Iran. In this research descriptive method for determining the components of human rights and content analyzing method to study and analyze of textbooks of social studies in middle school was used. The sampling frame of research in content analyzing section was social studies textbooks in middle school. Collecting tools of information were, textbook content analyzing lists that according to proposal gathered and edited after studying theoretical bases and legal beds, had been qualified by curriculum experts and socialists. The analyzing unit was the printed sentences in the body of textbooks. The most important findings of this research including to human rights totally attention 22/46% to first in middle school, 32/32% to second grade in middle school, 52/08% to third grade in middle school, 19/23% to cognitive dimension, 7/34% to sentimental dimension and 10/65% to functional dimension, that the maximum attention related to cognitive dimension was about the authors of human rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Implementation of Integrated Management on increasing the security and safety of urban public spaces: Case Study Tabriz City
Reza Saadatpoor Bshir Beygbabayie Karim Hosseinzadeh DalirThe expansion of urbanization, followed by the specific problems of urban life, has made it increasingly necessary for the city administration to pay attention to useful strategies and solutions to optimize the lives of citizens. Urban management is intertwined with the MoreThe expansion of urbanization, followed by the specific problems of urban life, has made it increasingly necessary for the city administration to pay attention to useful strategies and solutions to optimize the lives of citizens. Urban management is intertwined with the daily lives of citizens. Any decision made about the city will have a direct or indirect financial and psychological impact on citizens. The present study examines and studies the performance of integrated city management on social security and welfare with the same perspective. For this purpose, 43 indicators have been designed in three dimensions (integrated management, security and social welfare). The results show that there is a significant relationship between integrated management and security and welfare at the level of sig = 0. Also, the performance of indicators indicating 10 factors (existence of coordination between executive organizations in providing better urban services, paving the way for citizens to invest in urban development, creating sustainable urban revenue sources and not relying on traditional revenue sources such as tolls and density sales, facilitating administrative processes - Life, reduction of vulnerable urban spaces, adaptation of uses, improvement of public transportation services, responsibility, employment, urban services) have been key. Also, the results of scenario writing show 4 strong scenarios, 780 weak scenarios, and 21 possible scenarios, which among the possible scenarios, the desired situation shows the highest probability of realization compared to othersituations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Evaluation of vital drivers affecting the quality of urban life with a Futures studies approach in metropolitan areas of Iran (Case study: Tabriz metropolis)
Farnaz Entesari Dariush Sattar Zadeh LIDA BALILAN AKBAR ABDOLAHZADEH TARAFImproving the quality of life is one of the most important goals of different governments around the world. Quality of life studies can help identify problem areas, causes of public dissatisfaction, citizens' priorities in life, the impact of demographic social factors MoreImproving the quality of life is one of the most important goals of different governments around the world. Quality of life studies can help identify problem areas, causes of public dissatisfaction, citizens' priorities in life, the impact of demographic social factors on quality of life and monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of quality strategies and policies in the field of quality of life. Contribute to the quality of life. In this regard, this article has been prepared with the aim of evaluating and discovering the vital factors and drivers affecting the quality of life in the city of Tabriz. The research method is applied in nature and is a descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. The work process consists of two basic stages of identifying and selecting effective criteria and discovering vital drivers among these indicators. In the first stage, using effective theoretical studies and using the Delphi method, effective indicators are identified and in the next stage, using Critical drivers affecting the quality of life in the city of Tabriz have been identified and discovered through structural analysis (cross-impact analysis) and using Mick Mac software. The research results show that among the 55 variables selected in the first stage; 18 variables (the most important of which are security, marginalization, air pollution, green and public spaces, public transportation, social and spatial justice, visual order and building density, etc.) play the most important role as vital drivers They were effective in the quality of life of Tabriz metropolis. Among these, the security index was selected as the most key index with a score of 1334. In general, the selected drivers are a combination of social, economic and physical indicators, but due to the special conditions of Tabriz metropolis, physical indicators plays a more colorful role among the drivers have. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - A combination of qualitative studies in the field of women's happiness in Iran
Mohsen Niazi Atiye Rezayi Ali FarhadianHappy women, husbands, and mothers strengthen the family unit at the micro level and inject happiness into society at the macro level; Because a happy person is an innovative, efficient, productive, creative and constructive person. Therefore, recognizing happiness is a MoreHappy women, husbands, and mothers strengthen the family unit at the micro level and inject happiness into society at the macro level; Because a happy person is an innovative, efficient, productive, creative and constructive person. Therefore, recognizing happiness is an undeniable and indisputable necessity in today's world. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting women's happiness and design a model of factors affecting women's happiness. The research community is the articles of authoritative scientific-research journals related to the subject, which have been published during the years 1300-1400. The research sample was 13 standard research articles which were selected and reviewed from 92 articles after ranking the articles. The research method was qualitative and meta-combined. After extracting the factors affecting women's happiness, the results showed that in the mentioned articles, 61 concepts were identified and approved by experts in the field of women and family. Finally, the concepts were classified into 5 main categories of individual, society, family, social capital and lifestyle and their sub-categories and were explained as factors affecting women's happiness and presented in the form of a model. The findings indicated that the proposed analytical model for the factors affecting women's happiness was consistent with the hierarchy of Maslow's needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The international future order scenario in the years leading to 2030
ali asghar naeimi amirhoshang mirkooshesh ali mohammadzadehFrom the past, predicting the future and that the global system will be in accordance with its various variables, both the side and the other, and the political actors and the governing authorities in order to supply national interests and safeguard and protect their in MoreFrom the past, predicting the future and that the global system will be in accordance with its various variables, both the side and the other, and the political actors and the governing authorities in order to supply national interests and safeguard and protect their independence and territorial integrity, as well as a concern and issue. Therefore, actors of the international arena, which are the same political countries, compete with other actors in order to redress their citizens ' rights, and pursue unwritten conflicts. Therefore, due to the efforts of some effective activists, including China, Russia and the European Union to form the governing order of the international arena, or to change and transform it, have a writer with a multi-scenario design, the future of international order in the years leading to 2030 using scenario-oriented approach in the theoretical framework of the idea of the cause of mining. Therefore, it can be predicted that, in addition to the growing economic, military, political and diplomatic growth of China, alongside the Russian offensive approach and the increasing nationalism of the European Union, at the end of the Third Decade of the twenty-one ad we will not only see the stresses and changes in international order, but also the ruling system of its current form and the Monopolator towards a single - Multipolar system with us and a few Influential focus including China, Russia and the European Union will redirect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - رابطه بین اضطراب از یادگیری زبان و قصد ادامه یادگیری زبان انگلیسی در بین زبان آموزان
ناصر فلاح رویا موحدبدون شک اضطراب در یادگیری زبان خارجی تاثیر چشمگیری دارد. تا کنون تحقیقت زیادی بر روی این عامل احساسی انجام گرفته است. با این وجود، تحقیقات کمی در زمینه تاثیر خصوصیات مردم شناختی روی اضطراب از یادگیری زبان خارجی و همچنین تاثیر این نوع اضطراب روی قصد زبان آموزان برای ادام Moreبدون شک اضطراب در یادگیری زبان خارجی تاثیر چشمگیری دارد. تا کنون تحقیقت زیادی بر روی این عامل احساسی انجام گرفته است. با این وجود، تحقیقات کمی در زمینه تاثیر خصوصیات مردم شناختی روی اضطراب از یادگیری زبان خارجی و همچنین تاثیر این نوع اضطراب روی قصد زبان آموزان برای ادامه یادگیری زبان انجام گرفته است. بنابراین، جهت پر کردن این خلا، تحقیق حاضر نقش دو خصوصیت مردم شناختی (جنسیت و سن) در اضطراب از یادگیری زبان و تاثیر این اضطراب در تصمیم زبان آموزان مبنی بر ادامه و یا عدم ادامه یادگیری زبان بررسی می کند. بدین منظور، 295 زبان آموز ایرانی پرسشنامه مربوطه اضطراب از یادگیری زبان خارجی بهمرا ه فرمی حاوی سوالات مردم شناختی پر کردند. نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری در میزان اضطراب زبان آموزان بر اساس سن و جنسیت وجود ندارد. اما یافته ها حاکی از آنست که اضطراب می تواند بر تصمیم زبان آموزان در مورد ادامه یا عدم ادامه زبان آموزی تاثیر چشمگیری بگذارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Alterations in acute phase proteins, hemogram and electrophoretic pattern of equine serum proteins following change of diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate
Rouhoullah Karampour Mohammad Razi Jalali mohammad rahim haji hajikalaei Alireza Ghadrdan mashhadiDespite extensive studies on the relationship between diet type and its effect on equine biochemical factors, little is known about horse serum and plasma proteins following changes in diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate. Acute phase proteins are a group o MoreDespite extensive studies on the relationship between diet type and its effect on equine biochemical factors, little is known about horse serum and plasma proteins following changes in diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate. Acute phase proteins are a group of serum proteins whose concentrations increase in response to infections, inflammation, trauma, and neoplasia. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the serum levels of serum biomarkers, fibrinogen and total protein concentration along with the nutritional behavior of horses during diet change. For this purpose, two types of diets, including forage (first treatment) and mixture of forage with concentrate (second treatment) were used for each horse for fifteen consecutive days. Complete blood cell counts as well as serum levels of fibrinogen, haptoglobin and amyloid type A were measured before and after dietary changes. Serum fibrinogen, haptoglobin and amyloid A levels were significantly increased in horses of the second treatment group compared to horses in the first treatment group (p<0.05). There was also a statistically significant difference in the complete blood cell count due to the change of diet from forage to forage mixed with concentrate (p<0.05). It seems that changes in the natural flora of the horse's digestive tract following a change in diet can protect the animal's body against acute inflammatory and traumatic injuries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - A review of the occurance of bovine neosporosis in Iran
Ahmad Nematoallahi Negar ForoozanfarNeosporosis is a disease caused by a protozoan called Neospora caninum, which is characterized by abortion in cows and nerve and muscle paralysis of various organs, especially the hind limbs of dogs. This disease was identified for the first time in 1984 in Norway. The MoreNeosporosis is a disease caused by a protozoan called Neospora caninum, which is characterized by abortion in cows and nerve and muscle paralysis of various organs, especially the hind limbs of dogs. This disease was identified for the first time in 1984 in Norway. The dog is the only definitive host and also the intermediate host of protozoa and contamination can also be seen in cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and deer. The importance of neosporosis disease is related to causing abortion in ruminants (especially cows) and the economic losses caused in industrial livestock farming, which has caused many studies to be conducted in Iran and rest of the world. The disease was first reported in Iran in 2004, and since that year, many studies have been conducted about it. In this review article, an attempt has been made to introduce the protozoa that causes the disease and its evolution, as well as the methods of diagnosing the disease, and provide an overview of the studies conducted on this disease in Iran, from the beginning to the present day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Teaching Local History in History Courses from the Perspective of Secondary School History Teachers and Students in Kohkiloyeh and Boyerahmad Provinces
Mostafa Ghaderi Abdollah Mahmoodi Moazam Fatemeh Havas Beigi Khalil GholamiThe main purpose of this study was to investigate teaching different dimensions of local history in history courses from the perspective of secondary school history teachers and students. To conduct the research, 16 teachers were selected purposefully and 285 students w MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate teaching different dimensions of local history in history courses from the perspective of secondary school history teachers and students. To conduct the research, 16 teachers were selected purposefully and 285 students were randomly selected. The data collection tools for the quantitative data were two researcher made questionnaires for history teachers and students. The content validity was checked to determine the validity, and the Cronbach's alpha was measured to determine the reliability, which was 68.2 and 97.3 for the questionnaire number one and two, respectively. The qualitative data, in addition to the open-ended questions of the students’ questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews with 8 history teachers, were analyzed through grounded theory. The results showed that students and teachers have positive attitudes towards teaching the local history of the province. From the students points of view, teaching political history have the most importance and economical history has the leastimportance as compared to other dimensions. History teachers found teaching cultural-social history the most important and teaching economical history as the least important dimension of local history. Morever, among the teachers and students points of view regarding the importance of teaching local history in the history courses were: pedagogical necessity, understanding one’s living environment, meeting the spiritual needs of individuals, strengthening the spirit of patriotism, representation and preservation of local identity and multilateral development of the community. In order to teach local history, history teachers proposed the following methods: cooperative teaching-based teaching-learning method, narrating historical stories by the teacher (oral history), and teaching by electronical resources Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Forecasting Changes in the Morphology of Sefid Rood River Using Arc GIS
Aghil Madadi Tayebeh Babaei olam Alireza GhodratiConsidering the flood events, especially for the settlements around the rivers, the lack of correct information about the consecutive changes of the river bed and its movement in the coming years is one of the important scientific issues of watershed management, therefo MoreConsidering the flood events, especially for the settlements around the rivers, the lack of correct information about the consecutive changes of the river bed and its movement in the coming years is one of the important scientific issues of watershed management, therefore, due to insufficient information about the behavior of the rivers, the settlements along the rivers in the coastal areas are constantly damaged. The scope of this research is from the border of Konik Kohestan to Jalga. The purpose of this research is to predict the changes in river morphology (channel width and measurement of Pichanroudi and river curvature coefficient) in the coastal areas of the north of the country through the integrated methods of remote sensing with the model of Markov automatic weighing cells. Sefidroud, as the largest and most important river on the southern shores of the Caspian Sea, plays an important role in the life, activities and human capital of the region. The morphological factors of the river and its surroundings and the prediction of future conditions can be effective and necessary in the planning and preparation of coastal plains. In this research, the Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellite images of 2002, 1987 and 2018, along with the data of changes in the level of the Caspian Sea and Sefidroud Dubai, field surveys and Envi 5.3, ArcGIS 10.4.1 and Idrisi TerrSet software as The research tool was used. First, the probability values of land use conversion in 2018 were obtained based on the integrated model of the Markov chain and automatic cells. The results showed that the integrated model has high precision and accuracy to predict the future pattern. Then, according to the accuracy and accuracy of the model output, the prediction map of land use and river morphology for 2030 was prepared. By fitting the two maps of 2018 and the forecast of 2030, possible changes in the river environment were obtained and analyzed in four areas. Finally, using the data of changes in the level of the Caspian Sea and the annual discharge of the Sefidroud River, the trend of changes and prediction of the model was investigated. The most likely changes are due to man-made facilities. Erosion processes, change of Pichanroodi and flooding in the distance from Sangar Dam to Luman village as lateral displacement of the channel and intensification of Pichanroodi, Kisem village and the city of Astana Ashrafieh and Azadsara to Lichah as flooding of human facilities and in the area of Kiashahr, Bojag wetland and delta Sefidroud is changing the position of the estuary and moving to the west of the river channel, according to the results of the survey of the cross section of the river channel in the three periods of 1987, 2002 and 2018, there has been a decrease in the width of the channel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Future Studies and KM
Mohammad Mehdi Ghomian Seyed hesam vaghfi Ali fayaz -
Open Access Article
134 - Presenting a model for increasing the Environmental Resilience of Kanarak city against Floods Caused by Tropical Storms with an emphasis on Futures Studies
Ebrahim Forozan Mehr azadeh arbabi sabzevari Fatemeh Adibi SaadinejadToday, the Resilience of cities against natural Hazards has become one of the important topics in Urban Management. On the other hand, paying attention to this issue from the point of view of future research has made it easier to plan to improve the future situation, . MoreToday, the Resilience of cities against natural Hazards has become one of the important topics in Urban Management. On the other hand, paying attention to this issue from the point of view of future research has made it easier to plan to improve the future situation, . The statistical population of this research included relevant experts and elites, who according to the objectives of the research and to achieve the desired model with a future research approach through interviews with elites and experts and using a non-random purposeful sampling method (in a predetermined manner) done), and finally the number of 15 people was obtained. In order to identify the key drivers, structural analysis method (interaction effects) in the form of MICMAC software was also used for scenario writing using Scenario Wizard software. The findings of the research showed that the drivers of "Surface Water Collection Channel" will have the most influence through their alternative futures (probable state) on other drivers in determining the futures, and the drivers of "Changing the Structure of Organizations" Based on the Relationship of Alternative futures, it has received the most influence from other alternative futures. Also, the drivers of Flood Zoning Map, "Early Warning System of Natural Hazards and (GIS) and It has been Alternative futures of that part Intermittent propellants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Land Systems Investigation in The Mud Field Basin
mohammad hosien Ramesht Abdollah Khoshroo Mehdi AminiLand systems in mud field basin are in fact considered as forms segregation of land units for different users. Mud field land systems are separated into two systems and divided into 6 land units. This task is performed according to the land kind and field studies. Each MoreLand systems in mud field basin are in fact considered as forms segregation of land units for different users. Mud field land systems are separated into two systems and divided into 6 land units. This task is performed according to the land kind and field studies. Each of the land units is utilized for one specific purpose; there fore, in this research several studies are implemented to achieve these aims. Mud field is located in Neyriz County in Fars province. The used method in this research is field study. The purpose of the study is investigation and division of land units from lands kind and form point of view on one hand and efficient utilization of these units for various applications such as agriculture on the other hand. The achieved results indicate that the correct usage and application of mud field various lands refer to their type. During the research, these aims are ascertained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Introduction to the flora, Life form and plant geographical distribution of Deh Zaman iron mine in Bardascan (Razavi Khorasan province)
محمدرضا Joharchi مه لقا Ghorbanli فاطمه AsadollahiIn this survey flora of Deh Zaman iron mine region in Bardascan. has been studied. The method of plant collection in this region was classical method of plant taxonomic studies. Collected plants were recognized and determined families, genera and species of them by usin MoreIn this survey flora of Deh Zaman iron mine region in Bardascan. has been studied. The method of plant collection in this region was classical method of plant taxonomic studies. Collected plants were recognized and determined families, genera and species of them by using of indispensable references. Alphabetically list of taxa in this region was provided on the base of families and scientific name. Collected plants are transmited to Herbarium of Reserch Center for plant Sciences in Ferdowsi university of Mashhad. The life form of plant species was determined by using of Raunkiaer’s method. The plants of Deh Zaman iron mine region are including 29 families, 75 genera and 95 species the more species belong to Asteraceae with 12 species. Life forms of plants of Deh Zaman iron mine region are including: 68.42% therophyte and 12.63% hemicryptophyte, 8.42% geophyte, 5.26% chamephyte and 5.26% phanerophyte. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - A Meta-analysis of the Pathological Perspective in Regional Documentary Studies Based on the Area Level
maryam Sejodi keramatollah ziari majid yasoori ahmad PourahmadPathological view of controversial issues such as the regional sphere in which different sciences and attitudes are involved in its conceptual, functional, and executive foundations is very important. For this purpose, the present study aims to have a meta-analysis of t MorePathological view of controversial issues such as the regional sphere in which different sciences and attitudes are involved in its conceptual, functional, and executive foundations is very important. For this purpose, the present study aims to have a meta-analysis of the pathological view in internal documentary studies based on the level of the region. Work process at the level of documents such as upstream documents and reports, some published and unpublished drafts, provincial cover projects, among doctoral dissertations and master theses and articles (scientific research, extension science, and journal conference) relied on two phases; The first stage is based on the method of documentary methods and collection of primary and secondary sources and documents (categorized damages) and the second stage is based on meta-analysis methods, content analysis, and grounded theory (obvious and hidden case damages). The obtained results show that in the first stage, the most important results of categorized damages have an emphasis on document approach, method and procedure, area management, economic issues, concepts and ideas, practical field and implementation, and in the second stage among the 54 types of research in the field of the nature of research with the highest frequency with 42 cases with applied research, in the field of research method with the highest frequency with 25 cases with survey-field, in the field of data collection techniques with the highest frequency equal to 27 cases were resulted based on a questionnaire. Also, 31 cases had the reliability of measuring instruments, of which 27 cases had an average between 0.7 and 0.9. Also, 43 of them had research hypotheses or questions, and finally, considering the use of the majority of research from an analytical framework, the application of the nature of research in the use of theories shows that most research studies, or 48 of them, are only based on theory testing and the rest of them have been a kind of theory testing supported by providing models and suggestions. Thus they can be included in the theory-based research; however, they did not fully have the policy and principles of fundamental and theoretical research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Translation Competence in Iranian Translation Studies Students: Modeling and Non-modeling Approaches
Narjes Ghafournia -
Open Access Article
139 - Applying Theoretical Approaches of Sociology in Oral History
Mohsen Kazemi Morteza Nouraei Reza Shabani SamghabadiOral history as an interdisciplinary field has made the pragmatics and theoretical functions of other disciplines ‎of humanities, particularly social sciences, being noted in this kind of historiography. There are several approaches ‎for sociological studies; su MoreOral history as an interdisciplinary field has made the pragmatics and theoretical functions of other disciplines ‎of humanities, particularly social sciences, being noted in this kind of historiography. There are several approaches ‎for sociological studies; such as linguistics and anthropology. These days linguistics is a totally apprehensive ‎discipline that is in search of constructing and finding deeper signs, meanings and concepts of human, and the ‎thought, behavior, act and sensation of his/her. A human with his unknown labyrinth that anthropology might ‎reveal some (a bit) knowledge of his/her inner and outer world. ‎Oral history as a phenomenon related to human, about human and his/her world; is about to find a way to ‎transfer his/her messages, concepts and narratives that pass through the language. Human owns the language and ‎language as a thought plays its role in the structure of society and human institutions. Human is surrounded by ‎his/her believes, costumes, folklores and the sociocultural institutions. Identifying this human needs a language, ‎meanings, signs and symbols that can attained to some degree through linguistic and anthropological studies. ‎Studying some functions and linguistic concepts beside anthropological ideas and theories can reveal more aspects ‎of oral history. This paper tries represent a way for hesitation on unknown aspects of oral history based on ‎perceptive and explanatory methodology and presenting introductory discussions on linguistics and anthropology. ‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The historical course of the mystical hadith "I was a hidden treasure" in the sources of Muslim mystics
jalal usofi enayat ali hosein ehteshami mohammad reza freydooniOne of the shortcomings of hadith studies is the lack of sufficient information about the historical course of hadiths. Knowing the historical evidence of hadiths helps to evaluate the authenticity of hadiths. Mystics have their own principles in dealing with hadith. Th MoreOne of the shortcomings of hadith studies is the lack of sufficient information about the historical course of hadiths. Knowing the historical evidence of hadiths helps to evaluate the authenticity of hadiths. Mystics have their own principles in dealing with hadith. The difference of their basis with the scholars of hadith has caused mystics to be sometimes attributed to forgery and distortion of hadiths. It seems that the analysis of the historical course of the hadiths by the mystics with precise scientific methods paves the way for understanding their principles and rules in the face of the hadiths. This study examines the historical course of the hadith "Konto Kenzan Makhfiia" in 110 mystical sources. An attempt has been made to analyze the history of use and frequency of this hadith quantitatively and qualitatively using modern scientific methods. The research findings show that in different historical periods, this hadith has been considered by mystics. This information can be helpful in examining the validity of the Keynesian hadith document. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The role of the Church in the formation of Islamic studies in Andalusia
Mehrisadat Hashemi Dolabi Mehrnaz Behroozi mohammad sepehriIslamic studies, how and when it was formed, are still debated among scholars. The role ofthe Christian church in the formation of Islamic studies in Andalusia. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the Christian church, its goals and motives in the emerge MoreIslamic studies, how and when it was formed, are still debated among scholars. The role ofthe Christian church in the formation of Islamic studies in Andalusia. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the Christian church, its goals and motives in the emergence of Islamic studies in Andalusia. The research method in this study is descriptive sources and analytical reference. The research method is historical and descriptive-analytical. The result of research indicate that The conquest of Andalusia marked the beginning of a new era of change in the social system of the Iberian Peninsula. relation between the Muslims and the Messiahs in the following centuries, the influence of Islamic culture and civilization on the religious and social life of Andalusian Christians raised church concern. Stopping Islam progress against Christianity puts knowledge of Islam on church agenda. With the conquest of Toledo and the emergence of the translation movement under the supervision of Priests, Islamic studies were formed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the historical course of hadiths considered by Muslim mystics
jalal usofi enayat ali hosein ehteshami mohammad reza freydooniOne of the shortcomings in the subject of hadith and narration is the lack of sufficient information about the historical course of hadiths. Knowledge of the historical evidence of hadiths and whether hadiths existed in Islamic sources in the early centuries can help as MoreOne of the shortcomings in the subject of hadith and narration is the lack of sufficient information about the historical course of hadiths. Knowledge of the historical evidence of hadiths and whether hadiths existed in Islamic sources in the early centuries can help assess the validity of hadiths. Different Islamic sects have shown special attention to the hadiths of the Infallibles. Among mystics, they have also addressed this issue and in their works, while referring to the hadiths of the Infallibles (AS), they have based their foundations on this basis. Muslim mystics have their own principles in dealing with hadith. The difference between their basis and other Islamic sects has sometimes caused mystics to be attributed to forgery and distortion of hadiths. Paying attention to the historical course of hadiths by mystics with scientific methods can be a way to understand their rules and principles in dealing with hadiths. This research has examined the historical course of seven hadiths considered by Muslim mystics in one hundred and ten mystical sources. An attempt has been made to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the historical course and frequency of these hadiths using modern research methods. Research findings show that some mystical hadiths were few in number in the early centuries and have been favored by mystics in recent centuries. However, some hadiths have appeared in mystical works since the beginning of Islam. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Paradigm of Historical Studies of the Qur'an and Hadith: An Introduction Based on the Philosophy of the Humanities
SMH Gerami fatemeh tayebifardThe paradigm-cognition of historical studies of the Qur'an and Hadith including all efforts to validate sources and understand the text is not thriving in the international academic arena as well as in Iran, and of course, the situation is much worse in Iran. Researcher MoreThe paradigm-cognition of historical studies of the Qur'an and Hadith including all efforts to validate sources and understand the text is not thriving in the international academic arena as well as in Iran, and of course, the situation is much worse in Iran. Researchers and students in this field of study generally conduct research subconsciously and automatically under the domination of one paradigm. Lack of this awareness and the creation of new paradigms cause the traditional approaches in the Qur'an and Hadith to be challenged by the evolution of science - something that is growing so fast today - and new questions remain unanswered. Without the formation of a paradigmatic consciousness as well as the awareness of new and competing paradigms, it will certainly not be possible to overcome these challenges and answer new questions. "Philosophy and Paradigm-cognition of Historical Studies of the Qur'an and Hadith" is a suggestion for a new field of study that can provide an independent framework for paradigmatic and philosophical studies in this field, based on which it is easier to understand and analyze traditional and modern questions and concerns in this field. This article will show that despite the serious problems that exist in the field of the paradigm-cognition of historical studies of Quran and Hadith - especially in Iran -, using the philosophy of humanities and social sciences in addition to previous topics, such as skepticism and historic views and Phenomenology - new paradigm dualities such as totalitarianism/individualism, autonomy/homophobia and positivism/interpretiveism can be proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Hadith and Historical Criticism of the Orientalist views on the Emergence of Shi’a
Nabiallah Pourhasrat Shilsar Mohammad Hossein Tavanayi Sareh Dini AbdolMajid TalebTashContrary to the common belief and opinion of Shiites, who believe that the origin and emergence of Shiism was in the time of the Prophet (pbuh) and coincided with the emergence of Islam, a group of orientalists, based their own ideology, consider the Shiite religion as MoreContrary to the common belief and opinion of Shiites, who believe that the origin and emergence of Shiism was in the time of the Prophet (pbuh) and coincided with the emergence of Islam, a group of orientalists, based their own ideology, consider the Shiite religion as a historical event after the death of the Prophet (pbuh) which emerged during the Saqīfah of Bani Sāʿidah process; and some of them also consider the Shiism to have been fabricated by the Iranians against the Muslim Arabs’ domination on Iran. Other orientalists acknowledge the Arabic origin of Shiism, but believe in the influence of Iranian culture on this religion. The present research seeks to prove the Shiism is the original Islam and its emergence is on the third year of the prophetic mission simultaneous with the slogan of monotheism by using the Qurʾan verses and Nahj al-Balāghah, narrations, evidences, and historical documents. This paper criticizes the works of some orientalists with an analytical and descriptive view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Futures Studies of Gas Industry in Iran based on Fuzzy MCDM Methods and Critical Uncertainty Approach
Mohammad Reza Fathi Abolfazl Khosravi Somayeh Razi Moheb Saraj Amirhossein Behrooz -
Open Access Article
146 - The Efficiency of Social Studies Educational Multimedia on the Disabled Students’ Educational Achievement and Social Skills Development
Maryam Behnam Moghaddam Saeed MoosavipourThe aim of the present study was investigating the efficiency of social studies educational multimedia on the educational achievements and social skills development of educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak in 2014. The research method was quasi-ex MoreThe aim of the present study was investigating the efficiency of social studies educational multimedia on the educational achievements and social skills development of educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak in 2014. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. Statistical population was all educable disabled fifth-grade female students’ in Arak. The sample consisted of 20 educable disabled female students in the fifth grade of Amir-Ebrahimi Fakhar exceptional primary school in Arak. They were divided randomly into two groups (control and experimental); each consisting of 10 persons. The instruments included educational multi-media for social studies, social skills questionnaire and achievement test. Data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics (independent and dependent t test) using SPSS was conducted. Based on the findings, teaching through learning multi-media produced for social studies had a meaningful effect on the academic achievement and development of social skills in the experimental group. Results suggest that we can use multi-media materials beside traditional education for educational achievement and development of social skills in the disabled students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - The effect of training through augmented reality on learning the Lesson Social studies elementary students in 6 the grade
HamidReza Alian mozhghan heidary manijeh ahmadiThe purpose of this study was investigate The effect of training through augmented reality on learning the Lesson Social studies elementary students in 6 the grade. the type of research is quantitative for data collection of the semi - experimental study. the subjects w MoreThe purpose of this study was investigate The effect of training through augmented reality on learning the Lesson Social studies elementary students in 6 the grade. the type of research is quantitative for data collection of the semi - experimental study. the subjects were selected 120 students through multi - stage cluster sampling method in groups of control (traditional teaching) and the experimental group (training with the help of augmented reality) were selected .Data collection by the researchers made exam for academic progress with 25 questions in three occasions. The reliability of the test was also obtained by Cronbach 's alpha 0.86 which indicates good reliability of the questions. the repeated measure test was performed in order to study the learning extent of students who showed the superiority of the teaching method to the help of augmented reality, but augmented reality did not significantly affect the learning of girls and boys. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Investigating the effect of online multiplayer game in a participatory situation on students' academic motivation and learning
Eskandar Alijani Alijanvand Hasan rashidi safiye Abdollahi Milad Aghveranluei Mehran DasturaniThe purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of online multiplayer game in a participatory situation on academic motivation and learning. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical popu MoreThe purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of online multiplayer game in a participatory situation on academic motivation and learning. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population of the study includes all sixth grade male students in Tehran who were studying in the academic year 1400-1401. Two schools and two classrooms were selected as a sample by using purposive sampling method and 50 students participated in this study. The tool for collecting academic motivation data was the standardized questionnaire by Pour-Agha Rudbardeh and Talepasand, which was designed for the seventh grade . A four-choice teacher-made test was used to collect variable learning data. The validity of this test was determined at the appropriate level according to the use of the table of specifications, opinion of teachers and experts. Its reliability was also observed through K- 21, 0.71. The results obtained from univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the significance level is less than 0.05 (p <0.05). Thus, the statistical null hypothesis was rejected, it was found that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control scores in the scores of academic motivation and learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Driving forces of the development of the parties in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohammad Aryanmanesh HAKEM Ghasemi, Ghrban-Ali Ghorbanzadeh SavarPolitical parties in Iran are carriers of socio-political characteristics and historical background, which, in an unwanted combination, have hindered its realization. Although there have been many theoretical studies about the characteristics and obstacles of the party MorePolitical parties in Iran are carriers of socio-political characteristics and historical background, which, in an unwanted combination, have hindered its realization. Although there have been many theoretical studies about the characteristics and obstacles of the party system in Iran, none has been done so far about development drivers based on different variables in the four constructions. Given this lack, the basic question of this article is: What are the driving forces behind the development of political parties in the Islamic republic of Iran? The hypothesis obtained in this research is that the most important drivers are strengthening the democratic structure of power and political freedoms, strengthening party discourse, strengthening social capital, developing civil society institutions, party independence, developing a culture of participation and collective work, and facilitating the circulation of political elites, The structure of parties and their supervision. The prospective research framework used in this research is based on library methods, questionnaires and the use of Micmac software. The most important finding of this research is the discovery and description of the drivers of party development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Possible scenarios about Russia's use of nuclear weapons in the Ukraine war
MOHAMMADHAMED KIANI Mohammad Reza Aghareb Parast Bashir Esmaeili GonharaniRussia's military conflict in Ukraine, which began in February 2022 has global dimensions and various effects on the politics, economy and security of the international system. In the meantime, the evaluation of possible scenarios has a special place from the perspectiv MoreRussia's military conflict in Ukraine, which began in February 2022 has global dimensions and various effects on the politics, economy and security of the international system. In the meantime, the evaluation of possible scenarios has a special place from the perspective of future studies.The main question of this article:What scenarios can be imagined if Russia uses nuclear weapons? The hypothesis that is raised following the mentioned question is that the use of nuclear weapons by Russia will have major geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic effects for global security in the short and long term. The present article tries to present some possible scenarios in relation to the future of this war and its effects on the international system in the framework of scenario planning and using the descriptive-analytical method with emphasizing on component of nuclear weapons.For this purpose, offensive realism has been chosen as theoretical framework to better explain the behavior of the Russian government in Ukrainian war.The findings of the research show that Russia's use of nuclear weapons can, on the one hand, lead to a mutual reaction by the United States and NATO, and on the other hand, instead of helping to disarm nuclear weapons, lead to its spread Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Statistical investigation of the transformation of domestic and international disputes using Upsala and Heidelberg peace studies
Mehrdad Ganjali Darani Satar AziziThis article is dedicated to the analysis of the types, amount and intensity of domestic and international crises and conflicts in the last five decades. The main question of the research is to provide a complete and statistics-based picture of the amount of internal a MoreThis article is dedicated to the analysis of the types, amount and intensity of domestic and international crises and conflicts in the last five decades. The main question of the research is to provide a complete and statistics-based picture of the amount of internal and international disputes and conflicts. The main research question is why the number of internal conflicts and disputes has increased since World War II. The hypothesis of the research is that the institutionalized efforts of the United Nations to prevent another civil war after the Second World War and the imposition of rules prohibiting the use of force in international relations have led to a decrease in conflicts at the international level and an increase in internal conflicts. The research method is analytical-descriptive, and more important innovation of research is the analysis of disputes and international crises by relying on objective statistics and avoiding relying on purely theoretical studies regarding the causes and contexts of disputes and conflicts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Futures Research and sudies about the Process of Integration and Unity in Islamic World
Mohammad Reza Ghaedi Alireza GolshaniAbstract: The present article tries to describe the internal and external challenges to the unity of Islamic world. In this direction the existing processes in the Islamic world have been explained to find out whether the present situation is an integration or disintegr MoreAbstract: The present article tries to describe the internal and external challenges to the unity of Islamic world. In this direction the existing processes in the Islamic world have been explained to find out whether the present situation is an integration or disintegration. The present research by taking into consideration the realities of international system and the existing process in the Islamic world, wants to know whether the unity of Islamic world is possible in future? The finding of the study indicates that by examining the existing situation in the Islamic world one comes to the conclusion that due to contradiction of the Islamic states, in short term we cannot witness the unity of Muslims. For solving this problem, first a plan of Islamic world unity should be prepared and this plan should initially bring about a consensus among the governmental and intellectual elite. Then practical measures and common programs should substitute hostility and contain extremism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Historical Development of the Security Studies Pattern: From Traditional till Supra-modern Discourse
Mohammad Mehdi Mazaheri Mohammad Reza AgharebparastAfter surveying the security studies one realizes that the security approaches which has existed so far were in conformity with historical developments. In each historical period the security and security studies had been different from other periods. The question which MoreAfter surveying the security studies one realizes that the security approaches which has existed so far were in conformity with historical developments. In each historical period the security and security studies had been different from other periods. The question which is raised here is that whether the changes which had taken place in different periods were only superficial and depended merely on the wishes and whims of the thinkers and researchers or it had been due to the changes emanating from the atmosphere of thought discourse? It seems that the discourse of each phase had its own content and this content had its impact on the security studies and research of that period. In other words in each period the atmosphere of thinking kept on changing. In traditional discourse in accordance with its content attention were focused on the principle of survival and existence. In post traditional discourse with the advances made on the military and war apparatus the military capability affected the security studies. In modern discourse in accordance with economic and technological advances, these factors affected the security studies. Finally in supra-modern studies by increase in the pace of globalization and institutional theories, playing important role in world order became a priority in security studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Process Optimization and Kinetic study of Wet Peroxide Oxidation of Phenol in Wastewater over Mg-Al Nano Mixed Oxide
Masoud Samandari Afshin Taghva Manesh Seyed Ali Hosseini Sakineh Mansouri -
Open Access Article
155 - Reflux condensation synthesis and characterization of Co3O4 nanoparticles for photocatalytic applications
M. Mohamed Jaffer Sadiq A. Samson Nesaraj -
Open Access Article
156 - Examining and Critic of the narrative element of suspension in three novels by Fariba Wafi (My bird, the dream of Tibet and Tarlan)
Mohammad Isazadeh Hajiagha Arash Moshfeghi Aziz Hojaji KohjooghThe Suspense in the story is a quality that the author creates for the events that are taking place in the story to create passion and motivation in the reader to read the story. The present article tries to examine this element of story in a descriptive-analytical way MoreThe Suspense in the story is a quality that the author creates for the events that are taking place in the story to create passion and motivation in the reader to read the story. The present article tries to examine this element of story in a descriptive-analytical way in three novels by this author (namely, My Bird, the Dream of Tibet and Tarlan). These novels do not have a strong suspense element and the reason for this is the author's greater attention to characterization and representation of the identity of fictional characters. This does not mean that this element is missing in the mentioned novels. Rather, the author uses some tools to create this element and compensate for its weakness, one of which is the inclusion of parallel narratives throughout the novel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Post-colonial readings of self/other-contrast in the “Bivatan” novel based on the Edward Said’s Orientalism thinking
tahmineh shojaatzadeh narges oskooei arash moshfeghiOne of the most important works of Reza Amirkhani – who can be considered a leading author and owning a style in the resistance and anti-colonial literature – is his “Bivatan” novel in which the author through an meaningful arrangement of west mo MoreOne of the most important works of Reza Amirkhani – who can be considered a leading author and owning a style in the resistance and anti-colonial literature – is his “Bivatan” novel in which the author through an meaningful arrangement of west modern cultural demonstration beside eastern traditional, has represented the contrast between these two culture and hidden and apparent struggle between the very well to audience. The importance of this novel is in that the author has been able in the form of post-modern literature, and utilizing the events of the contemporary world such as imperialism leadership and dominance on the other countries, challenge the cultural contrast of west and east, influence of the west language on the east and also the eastern identity crisis and report its result in the form of increasing development of west’s extensive influence on the east. The present research utilizing descriptive-analytical method highlights the components of Edward Said’s thinking such as: traditional identity and modernity, east inferiority compared to the leadership and dominance of the west world, contrast of the identity concept of self and other in the post-colonial area and in the base of the “Bivatan” novel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Genome Wide Association Studies, Next Generation Sequencing and Their Application in Animal Breeding and Genetics: A Review
ح. خانزاده ن. قوی حسین-زاده ش. قوتی -
Open Access Article
159 - Studies on Biochemical Properties of Cervico-Vaginal Mucus during Early Pregnancy in Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
V. Sharma S. Prasad H. Gupta -
Open Access Article
160 - Measuring the level of social resilience in the worn-out context of cities with a futures research approach (Case study: Zabol city)
maryam karimiyan sajad poudineh Morteza Sadegh bakhtiari Zahra sarabandiWith the spread of urbanization, issues such as urban resilience to sustain cities in the face of natural and man-made disasters have come to the fore. Occurrence of natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and hurricanes often have devastating effects on human set MoreWith the spread of urbanization, issues such as urban resilience to sustain cities in the face of natural and man-made disasters have come to the fore. Occurrence of natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and hurricanes often have devastating effects on human settlements, destroying buildings and infrastructure and imposing far-reaching socio-economic consequences on communities. Therefore, in this study, the degree of social resilience in the dilapidated fabric of Zabol city has been studied with a futuristic approach.This research, using the technique of cross-impact analysis and using the Wizard scenario software, has measured the degree of social resilience in the worn-out fabric of Zabol city at the horizon of 1420. This research is based on the applied research approach in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study was 30 experts and specialists in the fields of urban planning, crisis management and futures studies who were selected by purposive sampling.The results show that 15 key factors are involved in measuring the social resilience of Zabol city, for which 45 possible situations in the future were considered and designed as a 45 45 45 crossover effect matrix; Then, by obtaining the opinions of experts and based on the analysis of Scenario Wizard software, 6 strong scenarios were extracted. Out of 6 strong scenarios, 2 scenarios (Scenarios 2 and 4) are in good condition, which shows the ideal conditions for social resilience in the worn-out fabric of Zabol city, and the other 4 scenarios (Scenarios 1, 3, 5 and 6) in They are in a critical state where there is a need to plan to reduce the negative effects of their occurrence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Understanding the future uncertainties of the state of urban development plans in Iran in the context of scenario planning (Case study: Noorabad city master plan)
Ahmad Rezaiee Marzie Moghali Ebrahim AfifiComprehensive urban plans, as the most important management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the decades that have passed since their emergence, which have accompanied the achievement of their intended goals and results. Addressing the issue of comprehe MoreComprehensive urban plans, as the most important management tool on a city-wide scale, have faced problems in the decades that have passed since their emergence, which have accompanied the achievement of their intended goals and results. Addressing the issue of comprehensive plan evaluation is considered an important tool to measure the success and feasibility of comprehensive plan proposals and will help urban planners to better deal with the problems of preparing and compiling comprehensive plans that have been prepared Become familiar. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the feasibility of the main and effective proposals in the comprehensive plan of Noorabad Mamasani City using the application of the futurology approach. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been conducted in terms of exploratory method at the exploratory level and based on the future research approach. In this study, using the Delphi method and the participation of 30 experts, the results were analyzed in the Mick Mac software environment, and then these factors were determined based on the importance and uncertainty, prioritization, and the most vital factors, and to identify the drivers. The key is the software (Micmac) and the script is used for the scripting wizard software. interference of officials, lack of communication with the consultant, unreasonable solutions, lack of attention to local conditions, lack of government assistance, lack of credit assistance, and lack of stable income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Driving and Inhibiting Themes of Nation-Building in Path to Sustainable Development
Ahmad Shojaeian Ali Asghar Pourezzat Gholamreza Memarzadeh TehranThe crafting of a common national spirit, referred to as nation-building, has been the prime objective of political systems throughout history. Nation-building is a process whereby citizens gradually arrive at a self-understanding of their common and unifying factors an MoreThe crafting of a common national spirit, referred to as nation-building, has been the prime objective of political systems throughout history. Nation-building is a process whereby citizens gradually arrive at a self-understanding of their common and unifying factors and take steps towards its evolution. During the process of nation-state building, political and social structures are formed to meet mutual needs. Through such interactions, efficient and development-oriented political, economic, and social structures, which form the basis for sustainable and genuine development, naturally emerge through interdependency. As a result, this research was conducted with a qualitative approach to reexamine the themes of nation-building on the path to sustainable development in Iran. The research method employed thematic analysis based on Clarke and Braun's (2006) model. The data collection instrument comprised semi-structured and in-depth interviews, which were analyzed using open and axial coding. The research population consisted of academic experts in the field of management, with data reaching saturation level after 12 interviewees. Validation was ensured through member checking and external audits. The results reveal that nation-building, as an overarching theme in the path to sustainable development in government organizations, consists of two themes: drivers and inhibitors of nation-building, comprising 83 components as major themes. This process aims to foster solidarity and cooperation between people and different organizations, with the goal of achieving sustainable development across social, economic, and environmental levels. It serves as a strategy to strengthen solidarity, unity, and national cooperation, ultimately reducing conflicts based on commonalities rooted in mutual national interests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Text Mining and Drawing a Compiled Social Network of the Journal of Studies of Human Settlements Planning (JSHSP) Studies with a Scientometric Approach
H. BarangiThe aim of this study is to review and the meaning, content and statistics analysis and articles status of the Journal of Human Settlements Planning Studies. To achieve this objective, scientometric techniques were used. To collect data and initial analysis, a software MoreThe aim of this study is to review and the meaning, content and statistics analysis and articles status of the Journal of Human Settlements Planning Studies. To achieve this objective, scientometric techniques were used. To collect data and initial analysis, a software was designed. The population of this study was all articles of this journal which included 328 articles which were published from 2006 to 2016. Analyses included keywords' communicative clustering, drawing a compiled social network, detecting top researchers with regard to synthetic indicators and indicators related to a variety of centrality, identifying the most cited articles, the best researchers in terms of articles count and referral and top universities in terms of the number of articles published. The results showed that the journal's keywords were located in 5 thematic clusters and rural and tourism development were of the most frequent keywords. The journal's titles were located in 8 thematic clusters which clusters of guide plans' effects, social factors planning and tourism study in the rural areas were of the most important issues in the created clusters. In terms of organizational affiliation, the researchers of Islamic Azad University of Rasht have the most number of articles by participating in writing 93 articles and assigning 30%, and by considering the compiled social network, H-INDEX and the most cited researchers, it can be stated that Teimur Amar is considered as the most influential researcher in the Journal of Human Settlements Planning Studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Analysis of Factors Affecting The Development of Border Cities By Futures Studies Approach(Case study: city of Zabol)
Saeed NajafiGeographical location and communication Zabol border provinces has led to the development of the city,the regional development in the province and the country's relations with the countries of the region.What is required revision in approach and application of new tools MoreGeographical location and communication Zabol border provinces has led to the development of the city,the regional development in the province and the country's relations with the countries of the region.What is required revision in approach and application of new tools in planning.Foresight as a new approach, a process that will lead to sustainable results is planned.In this regard, this research, foresight approach to the analysis of the factors influencing the development of border cities and the influence of these factors on each other and on the future status of the city of Zabol about the study.New research method based on futures, explain and to collect information from documents and survey methods were used.For data analysis,interaction/structure is used by software MICMAC. The results showed that in the first stage, Delphi method, 25 factors were identified. What is the distribution of the variables affecting the future development of the situation in the border town of Zabol you can see,the situation is more unstable system variables are scattered around the shaft diagonal screen.So five categories(factors influencing, planar factors, regulatory factors, impressionable factors and independent factors) are identifiable.The highest amount of influence variables tourism potentials, immigration, environmental and natural and agricultural capacity, The central role of the city in Sistan area, transit benefits the East, inefficient executives and political conflict, poor of rail connections with neighboring population centers, The potential occurrence and intensity of social abnormalities,being in the international narcotics trade and the situation will be the future development of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Designing a Participation Model of Knowledge Companies in Urban Planning Studies in order to meet the Urban Railway's technological needs: (Case Study: Tehran Metro Co.)
Hamed Abasi Nami Morteza MoosaKhani Ali Badeezadeh javad mehrabiOne of the strategic solutions to reduction of environmental pollution for urban residents due to traffic congestion is the development of metro. Therefore, during the boycott, the basic thrust in these conditions is the development of Metro-related technology and its l MoreOne of the strategic solutions to reduction of environmental pollution for urban residents due to traffic congestion is the development of metro. Therefore, during the boycott, the basic thrust in these conditions is the development of Metro-related technology and its localization with the geographical, climatic, economic and social conditions in the rail sector, which requires the participation of the domestic knowledge companies to provide the technology of this industry. In this paper, we seek to design an optimal participatory model; on this basis, the semi-structured qualitative method and the data theory of the foundation are used to design the model. The participants in the research are 15 experts, urban managers, academics specializing in the metro area and managers of knowledge companies, and the sampling method is purposeful. The data analysis method is the theoretical codification derived from the theorizing of the data of the foundation. Findings of the research were compared after comparing interview responses. Similar concepts were extracted from them. The data analysis method is the theoretical codification derived from the theorizing of the data of the foundation. Findings of the research were compared after comparing interview responses. Similar concepts were extracted from them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Analysis of key factors affecting the housing of low-income urban groups Case study: Rasht city
samad samie Mehrdad ramzanipour Leila Ebrahimi amane haghzadHousing is durable, immovable, multidimensional, heterogeneous, and costly goods. Housing plays a very significant role in the social organization of space. Therefore, some policies must be taken in housing planning to facilitate the access terms to housing for each soc MoreHousing is durable, immovable, multidimensional, heterogeneous, and costly goods. Housing plays a very significant role in the social organization of space. Therefore, some policies must be taken in housing planning to facilitate the access terms to housing for each social group,in particular, low-income groups. One of the modern methods to achieve this goal in planning is the futurology-based methods. In this regard, the current study aims to identify the influential factors in the urban housing of the low-income class. This study is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-descriptive in terms of nature. Library and survey studies were used to collect the information. The statistical population of the research is the experts in housing and low-income groups. 35 experts were selected using a purposive sampling method due to the unknown number of the population. The applied indicators consist of 43 variables in 5 different aspects. Environmental scanning technique, Delphi method, and Mic Mac software were used to analyze data. According to the findings obtained from the Delphi method and environmental scanning, 43 factors affecting the housing planning of the low-income class of Rasht City were identified. After analyzing by Mic Mac software, 15 factors including housing price, unemployment, inappropriate poverty alleviation policies, population growth rate, housing rent, construction materials, public and private investments, land price, construction credits, construction costs, lack of proper urban governance, unfair distribution of power sources, income, inflation, tolls and taxes, were recognized as the main factors affecting the housing development of low-income groups of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Identifying the key factors of urban development with a , futures studies approach; Case study: Sari city
sadegh seidbeigi Pari Mosapour Miyandehi shahram mollania maryam malmirAlthough urban growth is a common phenomenon, patterns and stimulus factors are relatively unknown and the set of comprehensive factors that can explain the urban growth process is not due to the uniqueness of the characteristics of cities. the aim of this study is to i MoreAlthough urban growth is a common phenomenon, patterns and stimulus factors are relatively unknown and the set of comprehensive factors that can explain the urban growth process is not due to the uniqueness of the characteristics of cities. the aim of this study is to identify key factors of urban development in sari with the future approach, which the research method is descriptive - analytical and is applicable in terms of practical purpose. in order to collect data from documents and library studies, library and field surveys have been used. The second stage was scored using the interaction technique (structural analysis method) and analyzed in the software MICMAC environment. Finally, the driving and key factors of urban development were selected according to the impact score and direct impact. the results of this study indicate that the urban development system is a stable system and the factors participating in urban management and development, and the policies used for subsidy and price control, which, although decision - making in this regard, are subject to the government, are the main influencing factors in the city of Sari. it is also the factor for organizing special tourism axes using environmental quality and vision corridors and aspect of the main factor in the risk situation in sari city and the main secondary leverage component is "traffic growth" that can be used as development driver. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Assessing students' satisfaction of the quality of library services based on SERVQUAL model: Case study of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch
Hojatallah Hasan Larijani Farzin EtemadiObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of students' satisfaction with the quality of services provided in the Central Library of the Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch based on SERVQUAL model. Methods: The research meth MoreObjective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of students' satisfaction with the quality of services provided in the Central Library of the Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch based on SERVQUAL model. Methods: The research method is descriptive-survey. To determine the sample size using Cochran's formula, 381 people were obtained and through a questionnaire taken from Parsoman questionnaire. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was used with 0.949 which shows the high reliability of the questionnaire. The data obtained from the collection of questionnaires were performed by SPSS22 software and statistical tests (t-test, Friedman test) and were prepared in the form of frequency distribution tables and graphs using Excel. Findings: The average component of tangible factors is 3.71, the average rank of reliability is 2.84, the average component of responsiveness is 2.07 and the average empathy rank is 1.38. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a positive and significant relationship between improving the quality of services provided and student satisfaction. The test results also showed that among the components of service quality, tangible factors have the greatest impact on improving the quality of services provided in the library. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Future studies Mutation of Iranian and American scientific products based a scientometric study: A Brief report
mousa bamir Mohammadreza CheshmyazdanObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the future of the share of Iranian and American scientific products in the total scientific production of the world. Methodology: The present study was performed by scientometric method. The source of the data searc MoreObjective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the future of the share of Iranian and American scientific products in the total scientific production of the world. Methodology: The present study was performed by scientometric method. The source of the data search is Wos, Scopus databases. The period is from 1995 to 2020. Linear and logarithmic linear functions and regression coefficients were used to predict time. Results: Iran's share of world scientific production, in 1995 in WOS and Scopus, respectively, is 00.4% and 00.5%, and in 2020 in both bases is 2.2, the average growth rate is 215%; The US share in Wos and Scopus in 1995 is 35.2% and 30.8%, respectively, and in 2020 in WOS and Scopus is 24.4% and 20.4%, respectively. Conclusion: The share of Iranian and American scientific production is converging over time, the share of the United States is declining and Iran is increasing. And this convergence is due to the sharp decline in US scientific production Than the rapid growth of Iranian production. As this trend continues, the share of the two countries in Scopus in 2058 and WOS in 2061 will be equal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Comparative study of services and resources of Iranology section in the selected libraries of Iran and India
Zohreh Mirhosseini Somayeh MotaghialhaghObjective: The aim of this study is a Comparative study of services and resources of Iranology sections in the selected libraries of Iran and IndiaMethodology: This research is an applied one by purpose and used comparative survey method. The statistical population of t MoreObjective: The aim of this study is a Comparative study of services and resources of Iranology sections in the selected libraries of Iran and IndiaMethodology: This research is an applied one by purpose and used comparative survey method. The statistical population of this study includes managers and resources of Iran and India Iranian Studies Centers include the National Library, the Iranian Studies Foundation, Khodabakhsh Library, and the Central Library of the Osmania University. Data collection tools were checking log and questionnaire. The results were analyzed by Excel software. In examining the services of Iranian studies centers, a researcher-made questionnaire in the form of 5 main questions in the Likert scale has been used.Results: The findings showed that most sources of Iranology in Iran are in Persian and English language, but in India it is mostly in English, Pahlavi, Persian and Arabic language and the subject diversity of resources in the subject areas of Indian Iranology Centers is more than Iranian Iranology Centers and most of the services provided (lending, use of references and information) in Iranian and Indian Iranian Studies Centers belong to Professors, researchers and students. Also, research services are the most services of the Iranian Studies Foundation, National Library, Osmania Central Library and the Khodabakhsh Library for the community of researchers, Iranologists and students. In addition the original source in the centers of Iran microfilm and electronic versions in the centers of India include the most how to use the resources and the most important way of cooperation between the centers of Iranology is cooperation through Iranologists and lending resources.Conclusion: The results showed that the resources and services of Selected Libraries of India are better than Iran. Therefore, Iranian authorities should provide the necessary grounds for the development of their services and information resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - A comparative study on digital library open source code softwares
fereshteh sepehr aliasghar sharifiniaPurpose: The aim of the present research is developing knowledge in the field of open-source code software of digital libraries, and identifying their strengths, weaknesses, similarities, and differences. Methodology: This research is of applie MorePurpose: The aim of the present research is developing knowledge in the field of open-source code software of digital libraries, and identifying their strengths, weaknesses, similarities, and differences. Methodology: This research is of applied type. The population is composed of Greenstone, Koha, Dspace, MyLibrary, EPrints, and OpenBiblio. The existing standards of digital libraries have been investigated and a checklist is prepared so that the best software for providing a suitable model could be introduced.Descriptive measurable research method is used to collect the information and describe the related features. Findings: The findings show that among the softwares that are designed as Integrated Digital Library open-source code, the highest capabilities belong to Koha, MyLibrary, and OpenBiblio. And, those which have been designed for digital library materials according to the checklist are Greenstone, Dspace, and EPrints. Conclusion: From the viewpoint of digital library materials, regardless of functional modules (Acquisition, Cataloging, OPAC, Circulation, Serial Control), the highest capabilities belong to Greenstone, Dspace, Koha, MyLibrary, EPrints, and OpenBiblio Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Evaluating the quality of pictures of children and adolescents reference books, published during the 2006-2011
Yaghoub Norouzi Sokaineh FalsafinPurpose: The study aimed to evaluate the pictures of children’s reference books and analysis and compares them with standards in this field. Methodology: This study is applied. The method used in this research is quantitative content analysis type. The population MorePurpose: The study aimed to evaluate the pictures of children’s reference books and analysis and compares them with standards in this field. Methodology: This study is applied. The method used in this research is quantitative content analysis type. The population consisted of 216 children and adolescents as a reference book for the first time during the study have been published, the data collection instrument was checklist that its validity was confirmed by experts. Findings: In this research 4 factors including color, quality, place of picture and localization of them were investigated. Results showed that over 87% of books have color image and also quality of 56% of them was good. 78% of pictures have in good place and 14% of them derived from original images. Also, about criteria of overal quality of images and localization, pictures have weakness and especially about translated book there is no innovation. Conclusion: The study provided a check list for evaluation of quality of children's references books based on literature review that can be useful for publishers and other authorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - A study of Internet usage at university libraries located in Qom
yaghob noorozi abdalbaghar amani ali isfandyari moghadamThe specific goal of this research is to study the utilization of the Internet among the libraries of Qom universities, using a descriptive-analytical method. The research society of this study is all libraries in the Qom universities making use of the Internet. The num MoreThe specific goal of this research is to study the utilization of the Internet among the libraries of Qom universities, using a descriptive-analytical method. The research society of this study is all libraries in the Qom universities making use of the Internet. The number of libraries is 17 (with totally 59 librarians) and through questionnaire required data were collected. Research findings Show that 76/5% of libraries in the Qom universities have access to the Internet (81/3% of librarians in the research). Average rate of Internet usage among librarians is between 1 to 2 hours per day. 28/8% of librarians use e-mail in reference and information department, 88/1% use the Internet for high speed and accuracy and providing good services to users in a short time and also having a better use of the time and place in library. The results of this study show that the Internet in reference and information department plays a significant role, while in the circulation department does less. 45/8% of librarians believe that lack of familiarity with Internet and its applications are the main reasons which librarians don’t use of it in providing service to end-users. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Identification of Anura in the South East of Tehran Province by Histological Studies
Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Farideh Chenari Mina Babaei Mahyar Yousefi SiahkalroodiThe identification of Anura amphibians species in the southeastern cities of Tehran province was examined through histological studies. 4 main stations (i.e. Pakdasht, Varamin, Qarchak, Pishva) were selected in the southeast of Tehran province. Then, 24 samples specimen MoreThe identification of Anura amphibians species in the southeastern cities of Tehran province was examined through histological studies. 4 main stations (i.e. Pakdasht, Varamin, Qarchak, Pishva) were selected in the southeast of Tehran province. Then, 24 samples specimens were preserved at 10% formalin solution and transferred to the laboratory for histological studies. Studies have shown that in one group of samples (Green Toad, Pseudepidalea (Bufo) viridis) there were toxin-producing glands. In this group, the 3-layer epithelium and below it the chromatophores were quite visible. Beneath them were large glands that produce toxins, followed by connective tissue and then striped muscles. In a group of amphibians (Marsh frog, Pelophylax (Rana) ridibunda) collected, a 4-layer epithelium was observed that divided itself into two subgroups: some with mucosal secretory glands and some without mucosal glands, but in the latter two groups, chromatophores, connective tissue, striped muscles and cartilage were seen. Another group of amphibians found that the epithelium was three-layered but had no venom-producing glands or no mucosal glands, but two features were seen in histological observations, such as some with cartilage and some without cartilage. The results of histological studies showed that in addition to morphological, morphological and genetic studies, histological studies can be used to identify of Anura. These differences indicate the possibility of polymorphism in the Marsh frog species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Histological study of seed development in Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae)
fahimeh mokhtari elham mohajel kazemi mina kazemian mahboubeh aliasgharpour ali movafeghiThe study of embryonic and endosperm development in different plant species is important from a phylogenetic and systematic point of view. The aim of the present study was to investigate the histological evaluation of seed development in Tribulus terrestris L. by micros MoreThe study of embryonic and endosperm development in different plant species is important from a phylogenetic and systematic point of view. The aim of the present study was to investigate the histological evaluation of seed development in Tribulus terrestris L. by microscopic analysis. Samples were studied at different developmental stages after fixation by different histological techniques. The results showed that the ovules were anatropous, bilayer and axially placentation. Endosperm was observed in the early stages, which was a nuclear type that changed to a cell type during embryonic development. In the latest stages, remnants of the endosperm were observed as a net-like structure around the cotyledons. According to histological studies, divisions occurred faster in the basal cell than in the apical cell. The suspender was completely degenerated during the torpedo embryo stage. According to cyto-chemical studies, accumulation of starch grains in the seed coat was observed in the early stages of embryonic development. Moreover in the mature embryo, storage components contained protein bodies and lipid compounds. The seed coat consists of two layers, the outer layer of which contains calcium oxalate crystals. Fluorescent microscopic analysis showed that a cumulative lipid nature of waxes was observed in the grain. It seems that the study of features such as the pattern of organ formation in this plant can be effective in understanding the heterogeneity between species of the Zygophyllaceae family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - A New Approach to Public Policy Studies Relying on the Theory of Critical Discourse Analysis Studies the State as a Discourse
Mostafa Entezari Heravi Mojtaba Maghsoodi -
Open Access Article
177 - Investigating the Effective Factors on Improving the Behavior of Pupils in Kerman Primary Schools
Ladan Tajaddini Ahmad Mirzakouchak Khoshnevis Mohamad IranmaneshThe most positive step towards matching aspects of the physical environment with the behaviors of users is to improve pupils' mental health and pay attention to the effect of color in classrooms. As the future builders of the country, it is essential that pupils have a MoreThe most positive step towards matching aspects of the physical environment with the behaviors of users is to improve pupils' mental health and pay attention to the effect of color in classrooms. As the future builders of the country, it is essential that pupils have a very high mental health level, so this study evaluated the effect of color on their mental health. The approach of this research is "applied" and interventional. In order to measure the child's strengths and weaknesses, a questionnaire (SDQ) that has five subscales of emotional symptoms, behavior problems, hyperactivity-attention deficit, communication problems with peers and pro-social behaviors has been used. Based on the results, it can be said that male students' hyperactivity symptoms before and after coloring are distinct, since the significance level for boys is lower than that of 0.05. However, the significance level for girls is greater than the significance level of 0.05, which means that with 95% confidence, there is no difference between the mean hyperactivity symptoms of female pupils before and after coloring. As a result, the coloring of the classes affected the signs of hyperactivity of male pupils, but it did not affect the signs of hyperactivity of female pupils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Preparation and identification of 4- benzenesulfonamidethiophenol grafted on silver nanoparticles and binding studies with calf thymus DNA, human serum albumin and bovin serum albumin using spectroscopic and molecular docking methods
fereshteh amiri marziyeh sadeghi tahreh shokriIn this article, silver nanoparticles capped with 4- benzenesulfonamideaminothiophenol (BSATP-AgNP) were synthesized. The formation of synthesized nanoparticles was characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, and NMR. The interactions between the silver nanop MoreIn this article, silver nanoparticles capped with 4- benzenesulfonamideaminothiophenol (BSATP-AgNP) were synthesized. The formation of synthesized nanoparticles was characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, and NMR. The interactions between the silver nanoparticles with calf-thymus DNA, human serum albumin (HAS) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dicroism (CD) spectroscopy, viscosity measurements, and molecular docking studies. Circular dicroism data showed that binding of BSATP-AgNPs to DNA resulted in changes in the structure and conformation of DNA. This indicates a minor groove mode of binding. Fluorimeteric studies showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity of the BSATP-AgNPs in the presence of increasing amounts of DNA solution. The results of CD data indicate that the conformation of HSA and BSA molecules is changed significantly in the presence of BSATP-AgNPs. The negative ΔH and ΔS values indicate that the main interactions between BSATP-AgNPs and HSA were hydrogen bonding and weak van der Waals forces. The results of the site marker competitive experiment confirmed that the BSATP AgNPs can bind to HSA located within site I (subdomain IIA) and BSA within site II. The experimental results were in agreement with the results obtained via a molecular docking study. This study provided important insight into the interaction of BSATP-AgNPs with DNA and serum albumin, facilitating further investigation on the pharmacological behavior of BSATP-AgNPs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در پیشبرد ضدامپریالیسم فرهنگی: تحلیلی تاریخی از ترجمههای علی شریعتی
Azita Ghazizadeh Hossein Mollanazarاز منظر اکتیویسم (کنشگری)، ترجمه بهمثابۀ ابزاری تأثیرگذار برای پیشبرد تغییرات مهم اجتماعی و سیاسی تلقی میشود. بر این اساس، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در ترویج نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران با تمرکز بر دو ترجمه از علی شریعتی انجام شد. برای Moreاز منظر اکتیویسم (کنشگری)، ترجمه بهمثابۀ ابزاری تأثیرگذار برای پیشبرد تغییرات مهم اجتماعی و سیاسی تلقی میشود. بر این اساس، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در ترویج نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران با تمرکز بر دو ترجمه از علی شریعتی انجام شد. برای دستیابی به این هدف، بررسی تاریخی ترجمهها با رویکردی اکتشافی- تحلیلی انجام شد. دادهها از منابع فرامتنی شامل پیشگفتار یا مقدمۀ مترجم، نظرات ترجمانی در منابعی غیر از کتابهای ترجمه شده، زندگینامه و اخبار یا دیدگاههای مربوط به ترجمهها بر اساس پرسشهای دهالست (2010) برای بررسی تاریخی ترجمه گردآوری شد. اطلاعات مربوط به مترجم و نویسندگان بر اساس روش چسترمن (2009) جمع آوری و تجزیه و تحلیل شد. دادهها با استفاده از نظریۀ تیماکسکو (2010) در مورد کنشگری در ترجمه تحلیل شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که ترجمه بهعنوان ابزاری برای توسعۀ نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. علاوه بر این، به نظر میرسد که ترجمهها در مرحلۀ دوم کنشگری در مقابله با استکبار یا امپریالیسم قرار دارند بدین ترتیب که با امپریالیسم مخالف بوده و آن را رد میکنند اما همچنان در تلاشند که هویتی مبتنی بر تفکر دوقطبی و تضادهای دوگانه تعریف کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Challenges in Translation Teaching in the Iranian Context: An Ethnographic Study
Mehrnoosh Amiri Razieh Rabbani Yekta -
Open Access Article
181 - پیکره و مطالعات ترجمه: مفاهیم و کاربردها
Mehrdad Vasheghani Farahani Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi -
Open Access Article
182 - An interpretive look at the example of the atom of Asmaullah from the perspective of Shiites and Sunnis
Seyed Rasoul Sajadi Nasab Mohammad Reza Aboei Ahmad SadeghianIn this article, an attempt has been made to clarify the main view of Muslim commentators on the meaning of the atom of divine names by examining the interpretations of Shiites and Sunnis, and analyzing the contents. Based on the findings of this study, which has been d MoreIn this article, an attempt has been made to clarify the main view of Muslim commentators on the meaning of the atom of divine names by examining the interpretations of Shiites and Sunnis, and analyzing the contents. Based on the findings of this study, which has been done by analytical and descriptive methods and with a case study of interpretations, it became clear that according to Shiite commentators, the Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt () are examples of the fullness of divine names and there are several reasons for this. Shiite interpretations have been made especially by the infallibles (). But according to the Sunnis, the consensus of the commentators is definite only on the person of the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and they seem to believe that after the Prophet Khatam (pbuh), there are other divine prophets in terms of spiritual status and they do not consider anyone to have priority over the prophets; But in some of their important interpretations, Abu Bakr has been introduced as the same rank and rank of the Prophet. In addition, narrations and materials can be found in their commentaries that indicate the rivalry of Amir al-Mu'minin Ali () and in a few cases, indicate the rivalry of competence with the Holy Prophet (1). Therefore, it is not possible to comment on the belief of Sunni commentators in the example of the atom of divine names. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Analysis of the views and methods of cognitive hadith of Mohammad Baqir Behboodi in the book Sahih al-Kafi with emphasis on the book of the causes of hadith
Forugh Muradian Hamid reza Mostafid Javad Ala al muhaddesin Maryam Haji AbdalbaqiCognitive Hadith Studies, Mohammad Baqir Bubudi, Sahih Al-Kafi, Causes of HadithCognitive Hadith Studies, Mohammad Baqir Bubudi, Sahih Al-Kafi, Causes of Hadith Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - The nature of network of knowledge in 20th century and necessity of interdisciplinary attitude
Reza MahooziIn recent century, science has experienced three serious situations. According to the first one, it includes an independent nature, indicating its priority to the other sciences by scientific explorations. Based on the second position, the science allows for social role MoreIn recent century, science has experienced three serious situations. According to the first one, it includes an independent nature, indicating its priority to the other sciences by scientific explorations. Based on the second position, the science allows for social roles. In the third situation, unlike the first and the second one in which the science is independently recognized, it is based on a general network of science; as the present network consists all fields of human knowledge, social transitions, personal ethics and etc. So, it will be an influential network on the research qualities. By interdisciplinary approach of scientific knowledge, as other fields of science, this scientific network applied the same interdisciplinary approach for resolving its problems. In what follows I shall deal with three scientific approaches in the history of contemporary science, and to shed some By interdisciplinary approach of scientific knowledge, as other fields of science, this scientific network applied the same interdisciplinary approach for resolving its problems. In what follows I shall deal with three scientific approaches in the history of contemporary science, and to shed some Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The Crisis in Yemen and the Regional Security Strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Farzad Rostami Kamran Lotfi Saeid PirmohamadiOften, in studies related to international relations, the security of activists, especially in the regional arena, is considered as one of the most important principles in the foreign policy of countries. Especially since the political-security issues after the Arab Spr MoreOften, in studies related to international relations, the security of activists, especially in the regional arena, is considered as one of the most important principles in the foreign policy of countries. Especially since the political-security issues after the Arab Spring in the region, have made common interests among the regional actors, and added to the growing concern of Middle East about security. For this reason, today, the regional counterparts in the Middle East who have common interests have generally focused on regional security assemblies in order to maintain their survival. In this regard, the security agenda in the Middle East concerns the crisis in Yemen, which may extend to other areas and challenge the other players' interests. That’s why, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as an active actor and regional hegemony, has been struggling to adopt a protective approach for the Yemeni nation-state in order to secure its regional security since the beginning and growth of the crisis in Yemen. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the efforts of the Islamic Republic of Iran to maintain the axis of resistance, the geopolitical security of Yemen, and to maintain its ideological and regional influence. So, the main question of the present research focuses on the issue which is "what approach of the foreign policy can be relied on for the analysis of the position of the Islamic Republic of Iran regarding the crisis in Yemen. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Political Islam and the West Asian Security Order
Jahanbakhsh Izadi Hamidreza AkbariAbstract To draw Security horizon ofWest Asian region- after Arabic revolutions in 2011- it is imperative to analyze variables and important elements such as political Islam. On this basis, the main currents of political Islam and discourses of recent developments affec MoreAbstract To draw Security horizon ofWest Asian region- after Arabic revolutions in 2011- it is imperative to analyze variables and important elements such as political Islam. On this basis, the main currents of political Islam and discourses of recent developments affecting the region. In this context, the Islamists behavior can be studied in three main categories: 1. extremism and violence in the Middle East, with the advent of emerging trends Takfiri like ISIL. 2. Inability to maintain power and sovereignty by the genuine political Islam movements like the Muslim Brotherhood. 3. Change activism in the resistance movement. The situation of West Asian region is in a period full of tension and chaos with war, Violence and religious and ethnic division’s experiences.The main question is what is the position of political Islam in the development of security order in the Middle East? This article attempts to explore by exploring trends, driving forces and scenarios of political Islam and Islamic movements, and their role in shaping the regional security order in Middle East. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - The Impact Of Organizational Commitment Criteria On Business Success in Public Organizations with Futures Studies Approach
seeyed alireza mirjafari Abdulkhalegh Gholamianarestan karamollah DaneshFardManagement knowledge researchers believe that the most important factor of business success in organizations is organizational commitment and it is a continuous process and an attitude about employee loyalty to the organization. The aim of this study was to find the com MoreManagement knowledge researchers believe that the most important factor of business success in organizations is organizational commitment and it is a continuous process and an attitude about employee loyalty to the organization. The aim of this study was to find the components affecting organizational commitment and business success and ranking. This research is an applied research in terms of purpose and based on data collection, qualitative and quantitative research. In this research. exploratory mixture method has been used. First through semi-structured interviews. qualitative data are collected and we follow our interviews to the theoretical saturation stage. Then. using qualitative content analysis method. a questionnaire has been prepared which is the basis of the research. After collecting quantitative data and analyzing them using FAHP and extracting the final model of the research and then ranking the components has been discussed. Three main indicators and five sub-indices were extracted. The main components among the extracted components. organizational factors ranked first environmental factors ranked second and individual factors ranked third Among the sub-indicators. the component of selection and employment ranked first, work conscience ranked second, training ranked third. compensation of employees' service ranked forth and job conditions ranked fifth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Sociological study of urban planning of women's reproduction with regard to its long-term development in Tehran
zahra azizabadifarahani@gmail.com sasan vadiea zahra hazratiUrban planning for women can be thought of as a proxy for individual planning reminding forgotten right and the silent voice of women in the city. Urban space planning for women draws its original idea from feminist ideas. in this regard, the present study aims to evalu MoreUrban planning for women can be thought of as a proxy for individual planning reminding forgotten right and the silent voice of women in the city. Urban space planning for women draws its original idea from feminist ideas. in this regard, the present study aims to evaluate urban planning with the approach of women to develop sustainable development pattern in tehran. the method of this research is descriptive - survey in terms of the research approach. statistical population in this study is all women in tehran city. The population estimate is about one hundred thousand people. in the sampling method, systematic random sampling of 384 women of tehran city was determined as a statistical sample. to collect data through questionnaire and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to test the normal distribution of the main variables. the results indicate that women in planning for sustainable development in social - economic approach , resource approach planning of sustainable development plan of tehran is not very important . the results also showed that urban security is important for sustainable development , but women 's status in sustainable development in tehran isweak Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Synthesis and characterization of some antifungal Oalkyl (O-aryl) trithiophosphato derivatives of 1,3,2- dioxaborinanes
Alok Chaturvedi Mukesh Gupta Kiran Sankhala, -
Open Access Article
190 - A Study on the Adsorption of Cadmium(II) from Aqueous Solution onto Activated Carbon Originated from Bombax ceiba Fruit Shell
Rumpa Kundu Chandramoni Biswas Jamil Ahmed Jannatul Naime Mosummath Hosna Ara -
Open Access Article
191 - Future studies the role of factors determining of managers' fraud through the use of the fraud diamond model
Ehsan Saadati Shohreh Yazdani Mohammadhamed Khanmohammadi Davoud GorjizadehPurpose: The present study aims to conduct future research of the role of the determinants of managers' fraud, focusing on the diamond model of fraud.Methodology: To measure the types of fraud and indicators related to the diamond model of fraud from the Likert scale qu MorePurpose: The present study aims to conduct future research of the role of the determinants of managers' fraud, focusing on the diamond model of fraud.Methodology: To measure the types of fraud and indicators related to the diamond model of fraud from the Likert scale questionnaire which contains three parts (demography, types of fraud, and elements of the fraud diamond model) and 74 declarative sentences were used. Furthermore, SmartPLS Software and the structural equation modeling technique with the partial least squares approach were used to test the hypotheses.Findings: The opportunity side is considered as an influential component on different types of fraud. Moreover, the 'capability' side has an effect on managers' fraud through social engineering, misuse of resources (assets), and earning management with opportunistic purposes, and 'rationalization' is the side that influences on the components of non-application of methods in accounting standards by managers and misuse of resources. Additionally, 'pressure' (motivation) is the side that affects the component of fraud management through social engineering. the sides of the fraud diamond model are only efficient when wich is a matter of separation of management and ownership and no effective processes for the supervision of managers.Originality / Value: In the current research, it was noted that the reason for the occurrence of four types of fraud indicators in Iran What was it based on. The added value of this research is that in most of the articles conducted by the researchers, attention was paid to the fraud triangle model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of AISI321 stainless steel using MBF-20 commercial interlayer
محمد علی میثاقی رضا بختیاریAccording to the industry’s need to an appropriate bonding process for components made of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel, which is used in power-plant parts such as turbines, transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of AISI 321 steel using MBF-20 interlayer MoreAccording to the industry’s need to an appropriate bonding process for components made of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel, which is used in power-plant parts such as turbines, transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of AISI 321 steel using MBF-20 interlayer was studied in this research. TLP bonding was performed in a vacuum furnace at 1050, 1100, 1150 and 1200oC for 30-120 minutes. The microstructural studies were conducted on the joints using an optical microscope and an scanning electron microscope (SEM). Phase analysis of the joints was also performed a SEM/EDS and XRD system. To investigate the distribution of elements across the joints, line scan analysis was used. The shear strength test and the micro hardness measurement test were conducted on the joints, in order to study the joints’ mechanical properties. The minimum time of complete isothermal solidification at 1050, 1100 and 1150oC was obtained as 75, 45 and 30 minutes, respectively. At the incomplete isothermal solidification condition, Fe-B, Cr-B, Ni-Si and Ni-B phases were observed at the joint centerline and diffusion affected zone (DAZ). With increasing bonding temperature and time, more homogenous joint, lower hardness at the different zones of the joints and higher shear strength were obtained. But for the joints made at 1200oC, higher than the critical bonding temperature, the joint shear strength was reduced. For the joints made at 1150oC for 60 minutes and also at 1050oC for 120 minutes, the maximum shear strength was obtained as 95 and 94 percent of that of the base metal, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - مطالعه تجربی جهت اضافه کردن سطوح زبر در قسمت کف خودرو و مقایسه ضرایب آیرودینامیکی
کوروش رایزن احمد کشاورزیAfter the invention of the automobile, people soon realized the relationship between air resistance and the movement of cars. Over time, the improved performance of the car from different directions and increase fuel price, improved aerodynamics also became the fundamen MoreAfter the invention of the automobile, people soon realized the relationship between air resistance and the movement of cars. Over time, the improved performance of the car from different directions and increase fuel price, improved aerodynamics also became the fundamental question. The researchers found that attention to aerodynamics not only to achieve higher speeds, but also appropriate to reduce fuel consumption and vehicle stability. That's why a lot of research has been done on the car's aerodynamics followed on.This article will examine the effect of surface roughness underside of the vehicle at some point. In this method procedure we study on two zones which have maximum probability of separation flow. These zones find on rear of wheels on floor of vehicle. Results compare with case which is smooth . We achieve to a unique conclusions. And also experimentally in wind tunnel tests, the optimum dimensions for rough surfaces are derived. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Content analysis of articles in the field of strategic management (Case Study: Journal of Strategic Management Studies)
bahman Hajipour Amirhossein tayebi abolhasani zahra azizian kalkhoranThis study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the MoreThis study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the target population. The analytical population of this research is 200 papers published in the last 6 years from the No. 1 (Spring 2012) until No. 24 (Winter 2016) in Journal of strategic management Studies. This Journal is one of the most valid and practical journals in this field. In addition it has been done to describe the objective and qualitative content of concepts Performed with10 parameters. The results show that the articles are classified in 5 themes and 29 subfields that of which the subject of levels and strategic options with 37% and two subfields i.e. strategy of human resources with 9% and market strategies with international trade approach with 7%, were the most discussions used in this articles. Also, participation of researchers interested in the field of strategic management was evaluated as well, so that 555 researchers have been participated in the writing the200 articles. In the meantime, Tehran University's participation was more than others. Also, investigating the article authors show that authors by academic rank of assistant professor accounted the largest number of authors. Research methods survey, also show that descriptive-functional articles, mixed research method and questionnaire tool were the well-attended techniques by researchers in this field, and the analysis level show that the issues proportional with strategic management, were mostly at the individuals and senior executives analysis level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - Identifying Strategic Factors and Scenario Planning in the Banking Industry with an Uncertainty Approach
Mahdi Joneidi Jafari AliReza Jalali FarahaniThe main purpose of this study is to identify the most likely future scenarios of the banking industry in order to investigate and analyze the sub-objectives of the research, including identifying key factors and strategic drivers affecting the Iranian banking industry. MoreThe main purpose of this study is to identify the most likely future scenarios of the banking industry in order to investigate and analyze the sub-objectives of the research, including identifying key factors and strategic drivers affecting the Iranian banking industry. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the most important possible scenarios for the banking industry while identifying the strategic factors affecting the future of the banking industry and also examining and analyzing their interactions. The research is practical in terms of purpose and cross-sectional in time. In order to identify the strategic factors affecting the banking industry, the library method was used and 84 factors were identified. Then, using the fuzzy Delphi method, strategic factors were selected and academic and industry experts selected 37 factors. Then, the interaction analysis matrix method and Micmac software were used to evaluate and identify key factors, and 9 strategic factors were included in the scenario wizard software to form the portfolio of future scenarios of the banking industry. Finally based on the output of the scenario wizard, two scenarios including two optimal and critical modes are drawn and analyzed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Banking Industry Macro Strategies through Scenario Approach
farhad shamshiri Abdulhamid EbrahimiThe purpose of this study is to determine the scenarios of the banking industry with a future studies approach and how to achieve the possible scenarios. This research by purpose is research-practical oriented that collects information using qualitative methods. Data co MoreThe purpose of this study is to determine the scenarios of the banking industry with a future studies approach and how to achieve the possible scenarios. This research by purpose is research-practical oriented that collects information using qualitative methods. Data collection tools are questionnaires, interviews, taking notes and statistical and information networks. In this research, the statistical population is the managers and specialists of the banking industry who, according to the type of information needed to conduct the research, a sample of 66 experts in the field of banking was selected in a way non-probability and judgmental sampling. The methodology of this research is based on scenario writing. So, after formulating the initial question and identifying the main subject, forming an expert panel, conducting exploratory interviews and identifying the driving forces, 64 variables were provided to the experts in the form of a 64 * 64 matrix as the primary factors affecting the banking industry. Then, using the Mic Mac software, 12 key factors were extracted and classified into 38 different situations. Then, these situations were presented to the experts for all key factors in a 38 * 38 matrix and analyzed in the Scenario Wizard software. Finally, 3 strong scenarios, 1 believable scenario and 8 weak scenarios were identified and Strategies were presented to develop the banking industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Meta-Analysis of Articles in the Quarterly Journal of Intercultural Studies (Volumes 10-14)
ali akbar saberi hasan bashirGiven the growth in the humanities and social sciences, researchers have come to the conclusion that mastering all aspects of any problems is not possible to some extent. They have conducted combined research to provide them with the essence of research on a partic MoreGiven the growth in the humanities and social sciences, researchers have come to the conclusion that mastering all aspects of any problems is not possible to some extent. They have conducted combined research to provide them with the essence of research on a particular topic in a systematic way. This article seeks to address the practical framework of quarterly articles in research, sampling, methodology and data collection methods. The aim of the present study was to quantitatively combine the results of the researches and the course of the research stages and using meta-analysis method. 43 articles related to the period 10 to 14 of the Quarterly Journal of Intercultural Studies and with the opinion of experts in the field of culture. The results of meta-analysis show that the approach of quarterly articles is to meet the goals and objectives of the quarterly and more than 80% of them have dealt with cultural aspects. Of course, there are some shortcomings in this direction that need to be addressed. Including: Adopting more combined research methods, using interview methods and similar methods in social research, limiting and determining validity and reliability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - A comparative study of cultural studies and cultural sociology schools
sadegh jahanbakhshganjehCulture is a context which encompasses all sustainable social behaviors. The meaning of context goes back to non-material environment including values, beliefs and custom and the most important feature is the sustainability that shapes to human behaviors. Indeed, the hu MoreCulture is a context which encompasses all sustainable social behaviors. The meaning of context goes back to non-material environment including values, beliefs and custom and the most important feature is the sustainability that shapes to human behaviors. Indeed, the human sustainable behavior is due to having particular culture and differences of these behaviors are result of difference among cultures. Accordingly, different schools and theories have considered culture and its context. The aim of this essay is examine of two schools including cultural studies and cultural sociology which have affected on existing streams on society, so we have tried to compare these schools, Firstly the cultural studies school has been introduced, secondly, we introduced the cultural sociology school and finally there is comparison among them and also differences have been examined. However, there is some similarities among noted schools such as Marxist and European origin, also, there are some differences including the type of view to culture, the study subject and approach in examining the social phenomena. Although, there are some similarities between them but from point of ontological, epistemological and methodological view, we can recognize that they have critical differences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Culture and Cultural Imperialism in Post- Colonial Studies
masoud motallebi Nowadays, post-colonial studies is considered as an interdisciplinary research areas and one of the most serious areas of new studies on the relationship between culture and imperialism, colonialism and cultural heritage in developing countries. One of the main m More Nowadays, post-colonial studies is considered as an interdisciplinary research areas and one of the most serious areas of new studies on the relationship between culture and imperialism, colonialism and cultural heritage in developing countries. One of the main motivations in post-colonial studies is to provide new resistant reading imperialist of Western culture, in its new neo-imperialistic, discourse and materialistic forms. Using a descriptive-analytical methodology, this study aims to answer the question of the approach of post-colonialism toward culture and cultural imperialism and the way it was written. The results show that the most important aim to investigation of the researches done in this area has been "an attempt to be recognized". It means that non-western knowledge and culture should be recognized and it is accepted as dialogue; furthermore, the role and share of non-western people in shaping the world culture should be taken into consideration and appreciated. One condition for fulfilling this purpose is that the policy of "assimilation", especially in the field of culture, is replaced by the policy of "recognizing difference". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - A meta-combination of qualitative studies in the field of happiness of women in Iran
mohsen niazi Atiye Rezayi Ali FarhadianHappy women, wives and mothers strengthen the family unit at the micro level and inject happiness into society at the macro level; Because a happy person is an innovative, efficient, productive, creative and constructive person. Therefore, recognizing happiness is an un MoreHappy women, wives and mothers strengthen the family unit at the micro level and inject happiness into society at the macro level; Because a happy person is an innovative, efficient, productive, creative and constructive person. Therefore, recognizing happiness is an undeniable and indisputable necessity in today's world. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting women's happiness and design a model of factors affecting women's happiness. The research community is the articles of authoritative scientific-research journals related to the subject, which have been published during the years 1300-1400. The research sample was 13 standard research articles which were selected and reviewed from 92 articles after ranking them. The research method was qualitative and meta-combined. After extracting the factors affecting women's happiness, the results showed that, in the mentioned articles 61 concepts were identified and approved by experts in the field of women and family. Finally, the concepts were classified into 5 main categories of individual, society, family, social capital and lifestyle and their sub-categories and were explained as factors affecting women's happiness and presented in the form of a model. The findings indicated that, the presented analytical model for the factors affecting women's happiness was compatible with Maslow's pyramid of needs hierarchy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Identifying the Processes of the Curriculum Model for Social Studies Course in Elementary Schools Based on a Multicultural Approach
ZAMAN BAGHERZADE VESHKI Asghar Sharifi Alireza Chenari,The aim of this study is to identify the processes of the curriculum model based on the multicultural approach for social studies course in elementary schools. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The st MoreThe aim of this study is to identify the processes of the curriculum model based on the multicultural approach for social studies course in elementary schools. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research in the quantitative and qualitative part includes all employees of the Educational Research and Planning Organization, whose number is estimated at about 340 people. Using the principle of theoretical saturation, the sample size in the qualitative section has been determined 14 people. In the quantitative part, using Cochran's formula and with an error of 0.05, the sample includes 181 people. The sampling method is purposive in the qualitative part and the stratified random sampling method is used in the quantitative part. The qualitative research tools included semi-organized interviews that were used as exploratory studies. In the quantitative part, the research tool is a researcher-made, 90-item questionnaire that is compiled by reviewing the theoretical and practical foundations as well as the results of the exploratory interviews (through open and axial coding of exploratory interview texts). The results showed that out of a total of 30 initial categories with 90 concepts that were extracted from theoretical foundations and interviews, after exploratory factor analysis, 90 concepts were divided into 15 categories. The categories in different situations are: causal conditions include three categories, Background conditions include three categories ,Intervention conditions include three categories, Strategies include three categories Outcomes include three categories .The results indicate the importance of identifying the processes of the social studies curriculum model and they are suggested to be used to improve the elementary school social studies curriculum based on a multicultural approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Synthesis and molecular docking studies of 4H-chromene derivatives as a calcium channel blocking agent
somayeh makarem yalda kashkooli Afshin Rajabi Khorrami Shabnam nadjafiVoltage-gated Ca2+ channels play a vital role in the transmission of electrical signals by temporarily increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels and exerting an action potential on the cell surface membrane. As a blocker of calcium channels, nimodipine specifically blocks L- MoreVoltage-gated Ca2+ channels play a vital role in the transmission of electrical signals by temporarily increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels and exerting an action potential on the cell surface membrane. As a blocker of calcium channels, nimodipine specifically blocks L-type calcium channels, which are present in smooth muscle cells in blood vessels. By blocking these channels, nimodipine prevents calcium from entering the cells, resulting in relaxation and dilation of the blood vessels. In this way, several 4H-chromene derivatives were obtained through electro synthesis in propanol, using electrons as a catalyst to generate propanol anion as a base. This process involved obtaining malononitrile anion, which readily underwent Knovenagel condensation with aromatic aldehydes, followed by the reaction of the active methylene of dimedione with the electrophile C=C of the intermediate. Finally, the expected product was o−btained through cyclisation and tautomerization. The effect of current, solvent, and anode type were studied, and it was observed that the optimized current, solvent, and anode for the synthesis of nanoparticles of 4H-chromene were 50 mA/cm2, propanol, and a magnesium anode in an undivided cell at room temperature. The proposed method produces 4H-chromene directly from initial compounds in a mild and safe condition. All synthesized compounds were screened through molecular docking studies, which utilized the crystal structure of CavAb. Compound 8f exhibited the minimum binding energy and good affinity toward the active pocket of CavAb compared to nimodipine as a calcium channel blocking agent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Temperature Analysis of Laser Cladding Process with Mathematical Modelling
Amir Mohammad SedighiLaser Cladding is one of the processes that is considered in manufacturing of different objects such as airplane blades and shafts. Many studies have been presented to optimize this process, but there is a research gap in the field of temperature simulation effect. The MoreLaser Cladding is one of the processes that is considered in manufacturing of different objects such as airplane blades and shafts. Many studies have been presented to optimize this process, but there is a research gap in the field of temperature simulation effect. The reason for the importance of temperature simulation is the direct correlation of the temperature gradient with the properties of manufactured object. The purpose of this study is to simulate temperature field of laser cladding process with COMSOL6.0 software. After verification of presented temperature with previous study with 0.2 % error, parameter studies including temperature dependent parameters and heat loss are presented verses temperature, time and laser power were presented with mathematical models. Manuscript profile
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