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Open Access Article
1 - Content Validity Analysis of the Personal Mastery: From archaeology to find himself in order to use the future's "collective efficacy" of the system of higher education leadership.
majid sadeghi kamran mohamadkhani Nader Gholi Ghourchian Jafari ParivashThere is no doubt that the future environment of meta complex higher education system and organizations, the strategic environment, and one of the ways in which people in leadership success turning into their environment with a special look to dominate another through p MoreThere is no doubt that the future environment of meta complex higher education system and organizations, the strategic environment, and one of the ways in which people in leadership success turning into their environment with a special look to dominate another through personal and its restraint in archaeology with the goal of future use, preventing entropy and syntropy for Educated gun and the collective efficacy of the, the Community system of higher education graduates will be in the future. The aim of this study was to identify and determine the validity of the content of personal mastery and its dimensions on the graduate students of universities and centers of higher education from the perspective of experts. This applied research, exploratory and qualitative. Participants in this research is targeted in the first part of 7 people with Delphi technique, and in the second part of the 22 people, Certified masters of the Harvard, Florida, Kharizmi and Sciences and Research Universities The academic level of associate with the criteria above and specialized books. There are two types of The closed questionnaire responses and Open questionnaire answers in the data analysis of the method of frequency analysis, CVR and CVI, was using. The findings show the consensus of the universities on the concept of personal Mastery and identification of its main dimensions: Forgiveness, Know Yourself, Love Yourself, Maintain a Positive Mindset, Practice Discipline, Be Proactive, The beliefs of Self-Regulations, and Develop writ and live your purpose statement, in university graduate students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Comparative study of foresight patterns globally applied in disaster management studies
Ardeshir Sayah Mofazali Katayoun Jahangiri Mohammad Rahim EivaziIdentifying the future is one of the main concerns of disaster managers to properly prepare for future circumstances and prevention of events that caused surprises. In this regards, foresight methodologies is provided a systematic set of concepts and patterns to ensures MoreIdentifying the future is one of the main concerns of disaster managers to properly prepare for future circumstances and prevention of events that caused surprises. In this regards, foresight methodologies is provided a systematic set of concepts and patterns to ensures the accuracy of outcomes of futures studies. Despite various efforts in developing foresight patterns in disaster management, the patterns have diversity in forms and contents. The main objective of this paper is to identify how these patterns classified globally in the past decade. In this regard, the famous patterns of disaster management foresight gathered and they are compared with each other. The methodology used in this paper in terms of data collection and literature review is qualitative. This research has an applied research orientation and seeks to provide a specific classification to clarify the application of foresight patterns in disaster management. In this article nine foresight pattern in disaster management were identified and studied comparatively. The results of this study in shown in comparative tables. These results signify that there will be a great evolution in foresight patterns in disaster management by a delays according to the Technology Foresight previous path, it is going the same path now. In this regard, using futures studies tools discretely, using variety of approaches and applying strategic foresight in disaster management just denote that there are no axis methods in this field identified yet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Baghdād's Shûnȋzȋyyas in the History of Sufism
Sayedeh Fatemeh Zare Hosseini Hamid Reza SanaeiThe term “Shûnȋzȋyya” is derived from Persian term “Shūnīz” (Nigella Sativa) that frequently mentioned throughout Sufi writings. According to the biographers, geographers, and historians, Shûnȋzȋyya is the name of five places in Baghd MoreThe term “Shûnȋzȋyya” is derived from Persian term “Shūnīz” (Nigella Sativa) that frequently mentioned throughout Sufi writings. According to the biographers, geographers, and historians, Shûnȋzȋyya is the name of five places in Baghdād: the cemetery, mosque, convent, district and the monastery of Shûnȋzȋyya. But the Shûnȋzȋyya cemetery and mosque are mentioned in Sufi writings more than others. Famous Sufis who had close ties with Shûnȋzȋyya mosque were buried in the Shûnȋzȋyya cemetery. In spite of the fact that the mosque was distinguished and characterized by Sufi congregations, and the cemetery was well known in the history of Sufism, but their history, geography, and situation in Sufism have not been examined so far. The present study focuses on so-called locations as Shûnȋzȋyya and particularly studied the situation and significance of Shûnȋzȋyya mosque and cemetery in the history of Sufism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Tụ̄s s Educational Cemters from the Beginning of Islamic Period till Mongolian Domination
مریم حسن دوستInvestigating the history of education in Islamic lands, weencounter som regions abundance and fame of their scholars, thereis not enough information about their scientific situation. Amongthem is Ṭūs region which despite its religious importance and risinggreat schola MoreInvestigating the history of education in Islamic lands, weencounter som regions abundance and fame of their scholars, thereis not enough information about their scientific situation. Amongthem is Ṭūs region which despite its religious importance and risinggreat scholars and scientists like Shaykh-i Ṭūsi, Abū HāmidGhazzālī, Ibn Hamza Ṭūsi Khādja Nasīruddīn Ṭūsi, etc. Fromthere, has not been examined yet. One of Tụ̄s s unknown aspects isits educational centers. This article is to introduce this region smost important educational centers, and to presemt newly foundevidences which confirms the existence of Nizāmīyy in Ṭūs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating the Public Relations Function of Organizations in Natural Disaster Crisis Management A case study of the public relations performance of the Housing Foundation of Tehran Province in the reconstruction of the earthquake-stricken areas of Qasr E Shirin
Hamed Haji Afsaneh MozaffariAbstract The history of the events that took place in the vast country of Iran shows that this country is invincible, and how to deal with these disasters is very important and important. Examining the experiences gained from these events will be of great help in dealin MoreAbstract The history of the events that took place in the vast country of Iran shows that this country is invincible, and how to deal with these disasters is very important and important. Examining the experiences gained from these events will be of great help in dealing with accidents and management. Despite the fact that in our country every few years or months, it is a natural disaster and it has gained and will continue to have very bitter and useful experiences. The expansion of cities and urbanization and the gradual increase in the number of large cities in the world, especially in developing countries, including Iran, on the one hand and the growth of cities, population concentration and increase environmental and economic loads on their bed on the other hand, while Further attention to cities has led to the acceptance of multiple roles and functions. One of the issues that most major cities in the world are dealing with Unfortunately, the costs of crisis management are small, and research and scientific work has not been done as it should be, and perhaps has not been done in this case, even though this shortage is quite noticeable and worthwhile. In this regard, considering the importance of the subject of this research, the role of public relations in crisis management of natural disasters has been studied. Research shows that public relations plays an important role in preventing crisis. Keywords: Crisis Management, Public Relations, Natural Disasters Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation the success of the urban growth boundary comprehensive plans in Containment the growth of metropolitan Tehran
DAVOD AZIZI Aliakbar Taghvaee Meysam Adineloo fardIndustrial Revolution and subsequent developments were led to the revolution in urbanization in the second half of the nineteenth century and the revolution changed human settlement in other cities and resulted in unprecedented expansion of cities. This was an epidemic MoreIndustrial Revolution and subsequent developments were led to the revolution in urbanization in the second half of the nineteenth century and the revolution changed human settlement in other cities and resulted in unprecedented expansion of cities. This was an epidemic phenomenon that Iran would not be safe from it. In order to deal with the development and distribution of the city in Iran from mid-century imitation of the western planned systems, comprehensive plans that have in their hearts policies to control and limit urban growth were used. In the form of the comprehensive plans have been accomplished policies of the Green Belt to determine the physical limits of the city (urban growth boundary). After more than four decades, providing the first comprehensive plans for cities and for urban growth boundary, yet comprehensive and accurate assessment has not been made from success and effectiveness of the urban growth inhibition tools. Those factors caused we executed this research and in this research has been selected Tehran metropolis as study sample. After that, this study sample has been investigated in order to assess the measure of success and effectiveness of the urban growth boundary. In this research has been used qualitative research method. Research indicator has been derived from the theoretical foundations and satellite images and Envi 4.8 software has been used to verify adaptation comprehensive plan of urban growth boundary and the real border. The main findings of this research are follows: Urban growth boundary that has been determined in comprehensive plan 1371 not effectively control urban development. In the period 1371-1386, a large part of the new development outside of the urban growth boundary has been located. When the ability of urban growth boundary control by using of growth boundary inhibition was measured, the results were shown that the value of this indicator is 0/15 percent and the result means that urban growth boundary of comprehensive plan has no ability in limit of urban growth of Tehran metropolis. Size scope of the urban growth boundary specified in the comprehensive plan that has been determined in 1371 had been appropriate and had been more than the necessary amount. Thus, the failure of the urban growth boundary in respect to evolutions and developments in outside of the East Tehran metropolis and thrown out in the southern part is clear. Size scope of the urban growth boundary specified in the comprehensive plan that has been determined in 1371 had been appropriate and had been more than the necessary amount. Thus, the failure of the urban growth boundary in respect to evolutions and developments in outside of the East Tehran metropolis and thrown out in the southern part is clear. Size scope of the urban growth boundary specified in the comprehensive plan that has been determined in 1371 had been appropriate and had been more than the necessary amount. Thus, the failure of the urban growth boundary in respect to evolutions and developments in outside of the East Tehran metropolis and thrown out in the Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Spatial Distribution of Community Disaster Resilience in Tehran Metropolis
Elnaz Baghernejhad Mohammadmahdi Azizi Different models of disaster resilience have been conducted to evaluate or promote resilience of cities prone to disasters. By considering resilience as a set of adaptive capacities, pre-event capacities influence resilience. Therefor providing a meth More Different models of disaster resilience have been conducted to evaluate or promote resilience of cities prone to disasters. By considering resilience as a set of adaptive capacities, pre-event capacities influence resilience. Therefor providing a methodology and a set of indicators to measure the present conditions influencing disaster resilience within communities is the focal argument in assessment of resilience to natural hazards. As the resilience has different dimensions, one of the quantitative approaches to measure city disaster resilience is to construct a composite index. The composite index, which encompasses a set of resilience indicators, can help in resilience quantitative evaluation, comparison between geographic units in terms of resilience, and elucidate resilience spatial distribution or assess resilience in a specific place in different periods of time. Tehran Metropolis, the capital of Iran, is located at the southern foot of Alborz Mountains, and surrounded by several fault lines. High vulnerability to disasters of Tehran Metropolis as well as the increasing population and the accumulation of resources in the capital highlight the importance of assessing the disaster resilience of this city in order to take appropriate measures to compensate for the shortcomings before the natural events occur. Based on the context represented here, the main objective of this study is to construct a composite indicator for evaluating inherent community disaster resilience for Tehran metropolis. In this regard, a set of resilient indicators extracted from three evaluation models -Baseline Resilience Indicators for Communities (BRIC), Community Resilience Index (CRI) and Community Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) -were used to evaluate and construct a resilient composite index for Tehran metropolis. Taking into consideration indicators’ feasibility, operation-ability as well as data-accessibility, 34 of the 143 identified indicators from the three models were selected at the neighborhood level (for the 368 neighborhoods of the City). By using exploratory factor analysis, the inherent resilience dimensions are shown in five social, infrastructure, economic performance, community-neighborhood relations and community-participatory domains. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure was 0.785, indicating that the correlation between the data is suitable for factor analysis and the cumulative variance of 5 factors explain 71.687 percent of the data variance. The spatial distribution of composite disaster resilience and its dimensions in Tehran metropolis indicate that the western and southwestern neighborhoods of the city have the least inherent resilience. The northern and central neighborhoods are in a better position than the southern neighborhoods in terms of resilience. Among the resilience dimensions, the infrastructure dimension has had the most negative impact on the neighborhoods with an adverse resilience situation. To conclude, the quantitative disaster resilience evaluation provides a clear picture of the status quo. Therefore, by assessing resilience in different geographic units, it is possible to compare and identify differences between areas, reduce shortcomings, and take advantage of opportunities. Besides, by measuring the resilience in different periods of time, one can understand any increase or decrease in resilience of a place and improve this quality before the events, especially in cities with high population density and prone to earthquakes like Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Using Raster Functions in GIS for Coordinating Urban Design (Case Study: Tehran University Development Plan)
Rama Ghalamboor Dezfoli Armin GhahghaeiAfter victory of Islamic Revolution in 1360 (1981), wide mutations as a result of excited values of the Revolution caused lots of changes in different fields, including architecture. Following this, Cultural Revolution designers were adapted with new requirements of the MoreAfter victory of Islamic Revolution in 1360 (1981), wide mutations as a result of excited values of the Revolution caused lots of changes in different fields, including architecture. Following this, Cultural Revolution designers were adapted with new requirements of the community and orientations that introduced Revolution’s mottos after relative establishment of structure and educational contents of the universities. This matter, in conformity with general spirit of personality seeking processes of architecture, introduced necessity of changing in architecture training programs. In the field of architecture training, self-reversion , revival of past stable values, Permanent concepts are in history, structure and content of training program from the viewpoint of Cultural Revolution designers about importance of theoretical studies in training, joining of architecture training with precinct culture, historical examination of architecture before modernism, of national and zone perspective. Existence of word identity in the introduction of Cultural Revolution staff program in 1363 (1984), demonstrated attentions towards basics of new training program of architecture. Then, seeking identity in training process is followed by emphasizing on Islamic architectural history and Iranian architectural history. This period was contemporary with predominance of global process of postmodernism on West architecture. Postmodernism thoughts, criticizing inattention of modern architecture thinkers towards history of establishment of architecture in different places, chooses increasing, antonym, complex and metaphorical in its expressions. Prevalence of West postmodernism numerosity thoughts resulted in establishment of most of Iranian contemporary architecture works. On one hand, contemporary human’s social life, expansion of relationships and breaking boundaries are mixed with globalization idea. Contemporary world’s occurrences and mutations have widespread concepts in today life. Community technology, telecommunication, internet, satellite and so are things that involve human in network of relationships in different manners. So, after technical and technological advances of modernism, media could broadcast art and architecture mutations all around the world as other matters. Postmodernism attitude could increase its symbolic dimensions and attendance ways. Iran’s temporary architecture, which has a root in past architecture, is together with global widespread mutations, as a result of today world’s achievements and ideal that belongs to all of humans. Today architectures encounter with twosome status of doubt towards past values and captivation towards new values, as well as sentiment coherency to the past and excitement to the future; and this matter force them to search about recognition of personal and collective identity. Despite entering of current thoughts in West architecture to Iran, before entering and usage, tools and information technology was growing slowly and after the movement, it grows fast. It is necessary to evaluate reasons and results of these changes. While theoretical basics resulted from consideration of personality seeking, on one hand, and entrance of attitudes in West architecture on the other hand, (but without passing prerequisite processes that was caused appearance of the aforesaid thoughts), have significant influence on architecture of Iran. The present study involved in explaining Iran’s architecture approach after the Revolution and evaluating its personality seeking objectives against a phenomenon, called globalization, emersion of information technology, media and computers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Social Issues in Post Disaster Reconstruction Planning
Fereshteh Navidi Majd Alireza Andalib -
Open Access Article
10 - survey of Economics factors affecting the absorption in the oil producer middle eastern countries
فرهاد غفاری جابر اکبریForeign direct investment entering the country in addition to financing investment projects, Accelerate the process of technology development, education, human capital increase productivity, improve quality and standards of the domestic goods, Expand trade with other co MoreForeign direct investment entering the country in addition to financing investment projects, Accelerate the process of technology development, education, human capital increase productivity, improve quality and standards of the domestic goods, Expand trade with other countries, reducing the unemployment and increase production in the host country. Given the importance of attracting this type of investment, in this study, the analysis of FDI and Algebraic and graphing and macro-economic indicators affected by it, Paid to economic factors affecting foreign direct investment in the oil producer middle eastern countries during the period (2010-1995) in the panel data econometric methods .The study shows that the results estimate the degree of economic openness, economic Security , has a significant positive effect on attracting foreign direct investment in the countries studied but market size and labor force alone, no significant effect on attracting foreign direct investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Family Transformation after Natural Disasters (Case Study: Survived Women after Bam Earthquake in 2003)
Masoumeh Kamaledini Mostafa Azkia Bagher Saroukhani -
Open Access Article
12 - Enhancing Community Resilience to Floods in Iran: The Case of Post-Disaster Neka
Pooya Alaedini Mehrdad Javaheripour Elham Houminfar -
Open Access Article
13 - Situational Prevention of Theft in Natural Disasters and Crises
Amir Ahmadi Rouzbeh Masoud Ghasemi (corresponding author) Rouhollah ForouzeshThe application of a set of non-criminal measures is called crime prevention. In this regard, this application ruins the intention of crime and criminal and in a way, increases the cost of committing a crime and ultimately leads to the potential criminal's withdrawal fr MoreThe application of a set of non-criminal measures is called crime prevention. In this regard, this application ruins the intention of crime and criminal and in a way, increases the cost of committing a crime and ultimately leads to the potential criminal's withdrawal from committing a crime. One of the crimes that increases during natural disasters and crises is theft. Therefore, in order to deal with it and re-establish social, economic security and peace of mind of the victims, crime prevention measures should be taken into consideration. This article aims to examine and provide preventive measures for the crime of theft in natural disasters and crises. This study is one of applied research in terms of purpose and nature, and its research method is Delphi and qualitative interview method. Furthermore, the data collection tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire, and its statistical population is a number of experts, elites, lawyers, etc., who have been evaluated. Situational crime prevention usually manifests itself through breaking one of the links in the chain of causes and events that can be neutralized and causes the crime to occur. The cost of situational prevention is much lower than the criminal punishment of criminals, and reducing the opportunity can be useful in deterring criminals from crime and fear. This kind of prevention includes a wide range of activities and measures to deal with theft. Eliminating ideal situations for the occurrence of crime, predicting safe places to store important and relief items, increasing checkpoints at the entrance and exit of crisis-hit cities, using electronic equipment for control and monitoring in accident-affected areas, etc. are effective during natural disasters and crises in the prevention of theft. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Analyzing of financial policy triggers on how the state budget is allocated
Marzieh Afkharian Karmaleh Daneshfard Hajieh Rajabi Farjadbudget of a country reflects the position of the state in the economy, in other words, it is the extent and limits of government`s interference in society, and the proper administration of government finances plays a significant role in improving the economic system and Morebudget of a country reflects the position of the state in the economy, in other words, it is the extent and limits of government`s interference in society, and the proper administration of government finances plays a significant role in improving the economic system and the administrative and management system of the public sector. Purpose of this study was to analyze the triggers of financial policy on allocation of state budget. The research is applied one in terms of the goal, and it is descriptive survey in terms of collecting data. Statistical universe of this research includes the managers and employees of the “plan and budget” organization. They were 100, which are obtained using Cochran's formula of 80 people. Data collection tool was a questionnaire (a total of 47 questions). Its validity obtained through content and structure validity, and its reliability through Cronbach's alpha for each of the triggers of the financial policy including (natural disasters, 0.868; economic crises, 0.915; social evolution, 0.915; environmental changes, 0/922; technological advances, 0/818) and the way of state budget allocation 844/0 has been approved. Data analysis has been done using structural equation modeling and Smart PlS software. Results of the study showed that the analysis of the triggers of financial policy (natural disasters, economic crises, social evolution, environmental changes, and technological advancements) are influential on the way of allocation of public funds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Providing a pattern learning organization in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting organization
دکتر رضا نجف بیگی هما درودیThis paper has attempted to study learning organization characteristics, based onsenge’s original learning organization model in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcastingorganization in order to provide, an applicable pattern learning organization, toconsider seng&rsq MoreThis paper has attempted to study learning organization characteristics, based onsenge’s original learning organization model in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcastingorganization in order to provide, an applicable pattern learning organization, toconsider seng’s disciplines, namely, personal mastery, mental models, shared vision,team learning and systems thinking.The methodology was descriptive-survey-and research tool was questionnairewhich was carry out among employees and managers who was selected as sample. Inorder to analyse the collected data, descriptive and deductive statistics was used.Findings showed that the organization is fairly far from an effective learningorganization. Morover, it seems that employees’ performance in team learning andchanges in mental models are more satisfactory than managers. Regarding othercharacteristics of learning organizations, there are similarites in learning attempts byemployees and managers.According to analyses findings and theoretical issues to lead the organization intoa suitable situation and decrease the distance, to effective situation and reinforcementof skills, an applicable pattern and executive advises in this field are suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - "Social support in Kermanshah earthquake" Based on the lived experience of the female-headed households
Shayesteh Karamkhani Alieh ShekarbeygiSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them h MoreSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them has a lot to do with the components of empowerment. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of the female-headed households in social support in earthquakes.The methodology of qualitative research is the method of contextual theory. Data were collected by field method through theoretical sampling and in-depth interviews with 15 the female-headed households in the eight earthquake-stricken areas of Kermanshah to the extent of theoretical saturation. In this study, in order to measure accuracy, the criterion of "reliability and reliability" and the technique of "triangulation" were used. From data analysis, 987 primary open source, 150 secondary concepts, 41 central categories and 8 final major categories including: "transient and cross-sectional", "personal supporters", "instrumental use", "hard life events", "loneliness" And fear "," feeling of abandonment and pessimism "," injustice and discrimination "," feeling of helplessness "and the central concept of" social support; perceived priority of life "were extracted. The results show" social support "as" priority ". "Perceived life" is interpreted by the participants, which if ignored, will have irreparable consequences. Have a great impact on their ability to deal with natural disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Synoptic View of Aghā Mohammad Rezā Ghomshei's Thoughts and Works
Amir Javan ArastehAghā Mohammad Rezā Ghomshei possesses a high status inphilosophical and mystical discussions. Despite this fact, scarcely anyresearcher has investigated thoughts and theories of such importantsage. Although understanding and explanation of mystical thoughs ofsuch person MoreAghā Mohammad Rezā Ghomshei possesses a high status inphilosophical and mystical discussions. Despite this fact, scarcely anyresearcher has investigated thoughts and theories of such importantsage. Although understanding and explanation of mystical thoughs ofsuch person as Aghā Mohammad Rezā – who is considered as one ofthe most major expositors of Ibn al- Arabi's school – is out of writer'sreach, but this article aims to clarfy some aspects of his thinking bypacing through his writings as much as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The factors affecting the changes in the urban planning system of using grounded theory
مهناز حسینی سیاه گلی مصطفی قدمیUrbanization and the specific problems of urbanization, more than ever Attention to the design of effective strategies to optimize the lives of citizens is essential. In The aim of this study was to investigate barriers Quad change (attitudinal barriers - knowledge, nor MoreUrbanization and the specific problems of urbanization, more than ever Attention to the design of effective strategies to optimize the lives of citizens is essential. In The aim of this study was to investigate barriers Quad change (attitudinal barriers - knowledge, norms - behavioral, communication, institutional) of the Comprehensive Plan to the Strategic Plan in Iran.method is qualitative methods. Sampling was targeted was available. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews, Barriers were identified. The population in the qualitative phase consisted of 5 professors and consultants That in the master plan and strategic planning activities or the activities they have been. The quantitative analytical research. In this section, rankings and barriers identified were examined. The results show that the most important barrier to the knowledge attitude barrier to urban planning system in Iran. This makes the Given the importance of attitudinal factors - knowledge, By removing barriers to the index, you must first attitude and knowledge of the two major categories Conservative and the resistance is strengthened, If these two issues be addressed And the gap between the two is Surely the way to achieve ideal conditions in terms of other indicators to achieve the strategic approach will be facilitated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigating the effective factors of urban crisis management against natural disasters (case study of Baqershahr city)
alireza nasripoor Azadeh Arbabi Sabzevari masomi sohrabi hamidreza joodakiNatural disasters are a phenomenon that neglecting them will lead to irreparable damage. Baqershahr as one of the important cities of Tehran province due to the presence of several active faults and seasonal and permanent rivers around and inside Venice. Behesht Zahra l MoreNatural disasters are a phenomenon that neglecting them will lead to irreparable damage. Baqershahr as one of the important cities of Tehran province due to the presence of several active faults and seasonal and permanent rivers around and inside Venice. Behesht Zahra large sanctuary has a high vulnerability to natural and physical hazards, the presence of dense urban fabric, the main fault of Rey Garmsar, rivers north of Tehran and worn texture are factors that lead to the study of effective factors in crisis management. Due to the nature of the research method, it is descriptive-analytical. First, the research findings include the criteria considered in crisis management, including the existence of storage system, specialized equipment and appropriate operational organization, specialized manpower, information system, operational effectiveness and information system for residents, infrastructure and communication facilities. These factors have been done by urban planning experts, urban planning by questionnaire information in the study area and the analysis of factors and variables has been done by multi-factor analysis, variance, regression and Pearson test. In fact, factors and coefficients in storage criteria And support equal to 16.2 percent, specialized equipment and the existence of a suitable structure of operational organization 11.65 percent, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Evaluation and analysis of urban land use resilience (Case study: District 22 of Tehran)
elnaz rezaie esmail salehi akramolmolok lahijanian amir hoshang ehsaniCities are often the site of overcrowding and man-made phenomena. For this reason, in the absence of earthquake preparedness, the probability of human and financial losses is high. The main issue is to what extent the society is able to return to its original state afte MoreCities are often the site of overcrowding and man-made phenomena. For this reason, in the absence of earthquake preparedness, the probability of human and financial losses is high. The main issue is to what extent the society is able to return to its original state after a major disaster. Therefore, measuring and analyzing the resilience of urban land use clarifies the importance and necessity of the present study. The general purpose of this article is to determine the importance of the role of each of the criteria and indicators of resilience in District 22 of Tehran as an environmental area. The research method of this research is descriptive-analytical, and its nature is applied. In this study, first the theoretical framework of the research was done by collecting information through documentary studies, then the degree of resilience of urban land use, based on the opinions of experts and review of previous research, criteria and sub-criteria of resilience were determined. After that, pairwise comparisons of indicators were performed with the help of 20 faculty members and experts who specialized in urban planning and management. In order to evaluate and evaluate the final degree of resilience, FAHP method and GIS system have been used. Finally, evaluations and studies showed that the average resilience of the structural-natural criterion is moderate in District 22 of Tehran Municipality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Expansion of Iranian geopolitics in Arabic Middle East with a model of expansion of Eastern Middle East
Ali Bakhtiyarpour Ezzatollah EzzatiThe present article emphasizes that Iran deserves to play an active role in establishment of a regional confederation and should do it because of its peculiar characteristics of form and nature of post-Revolutionary political system, geopolitics weight and dynamic polit MoreThe present article emphasizes that Iran deserves to play an active role in establishment of a regional confederation and should do it because of its peculiar characteristics of form and nature of post-Revolutionary political system, geopolitics weight and dynamic politician. However, presence of foreign powers and the conflict between their interests and those of Iran have created obstacle laying foundations for such other regional players as Saudi Arabia. While doctrine of Iranian foreign policy is sensitive to Muslim world's affairs because of its religious nature, dominant situation of the Persian Gulf which has imposed geopolitical pressure on Iran and that Iran can not be insensitive to Palestine conflict have led Iran to ensure its presence in East Mediterranean region. Iranian strong presence in that region originates from the energy that it gained from Revolution. With a deep look at Iranian structure can see a portrait of miniature Islamic world with a little shortage. If Iran takes Islam-wanting policy instead of Shiiat- wanting, reasonable ratio of presence of Arabs, Kurd, Blouchs and other ethnic groups should be seen in higher levels of authority and government. In foreign affairs, Egypt has come to be a key to open up new scenes. It seeks to play a different role among Arab countries of Middle East which renders impossible without Iranian help. Participation of Egypt assisted by Iran can result in balance of Saudi ideologies stances and pushing Iranians to their true status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Synoptic Analysis of the Nature of Sudan Low Pressure Systems (Case Study: December 2001 Storm)
عباس Mofidi آذر ZarrinIn order to investigate some synoptic aspects of Sudan low systems such asupper and lower level tropospheric circulation pattern and moisture source and theiradvection way, the synoptic pattern on the occurrence time of December 2001 stormover Iran has been noticed. The MoreIn order to investigate some synoptic aspects of Sudan low systems such asupper and lower level tropospheric circulation pattern and moisture source and theiradvection way, the synoptic pattern on the occurrence time of December 2001 stormover Iran has been noticed. Therefore the maps of surface, 500, 200, 50hpa levelsbefore and after storm were studied. In order to understand the situation of subtropicaljet stream and how it strengthens, maps of zonal wind component and velocitypotential (x) of 200hpa level have investigated. Also, satellite images of cloud form ofstorm have been studied.The results showed that although like previous studies, there was low cycle indexand existence of a ridge in mid-troposphere over the west Mediterranean and a deeptrough over the east Mediterranean had important role on the formation and evolutionof Sudan low; but the main role belonged to the stretching of polar vortex in lowerstratosphere as the main source of vorticity for abnormal circulation and strengtheningof Hadley cell and Subtropical jet stream over Mediterranean and north of Africa.The results indicated that the suitable position of Subtropical jet stream core overMiddle East associated with the settlement and strengthening of a ridge in middle andlower troposphere over the Arabian Sea are necessary for the evolution and developingof Sudan lows.However, the position and speed of subtropical jet stream core over the MiddleEast and it’s axis direction in the upper troposphere control both the mid-troposphericcirculation pattern and the tracks of incoming Sudan lows to Iran.The consequences indicated that settlements and strengthening of ridge/high over theArabian Sea, while making a set positive feedback and subsequently intensify Hadleycell and strengthening subtropical jet stream over Red Sea region, lend to directtransportation of moisture from the Arabian Sea into Sudan lows.Moreover, it was found that the main sources of moisture of Sudan systems aretropical Eastern Africa and southwest sector of Arabian Sea which strengthening whenthey pass over the Read Sea and Persian Gulf. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The role of geomorphology on evaluation and prevention of natural disasters in Iran
Davood MokhtariBecause geographical situation, geologic and geomorphologic conditions andhistorical background from economic, social and cultural point of view, Iran is adisastrous country in worldwide. In spite of advances in geomorphology in Iran inrecent decades, relation of this f MoreBecause geographical situation, geologic and geomorphologic conditions andhistorical background from economic, social and cultural point of view, Iran is adisastrous country in worldwide. In spite of advances in geomorphology in Iran inrecent decades, relation of this field of geography to Natural disasters is not makingclear still. This paper attempt to investigate of geomorphologic dimensions of somenatural disasters occurred in recent years in our country, and importance of theincorporation not only of geomorphologic research, but also of geomorphologies inrisk assessment and management programs in Iran is emphasized.Studies on some natural disasters such as landslides, sandy storms, earthquakes andetc. indicate that this natural disasters lead to geomorphic problems from two aspects:first, natural hazards produce special geomorphic landforms and second, activegeomorphologic agents are origin of natural disasters occurring. Indeedgeomorphology is a powerful field that must play a role in the interdisciplinary effortsto develop adequate strategies for prevention and mitigation of natural disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Zoning of Natural Disaster in Decreases in Roads with Emphasis of Digital Elevation Model Case Study: Chaloos Road(Karag Dam to Kandovan Channel)
منیژه GhahroodiElevation models, a numerical expression of the continuous changes in ups anddowns, are capable of demonstrating roads at their actual positions, and facilitate thepossibility of mountain roads management. These models are also capable ofcomputing the potential of natur MoreElevation models, a numerical expression of the continuous changes in ups anddowns, are capable of demonstrating roads at their actual positions, and facilitate thepossibility of mountain roads management. These models are also capable ofcomputing the potential of natural risks by means of satellite pictures, and can proveuseful in decreasing road accidents.For the present study, the author selected part of Chaloos Road, from Karaj toKandovan, where numerous accidents have occurred. As this part of the road issituated within the drainage basin of Karaj (Amir Kabir) Dam, the study drew on theelevation model (DEM) of this basin, which was extracted from satellite (SRTM)pictures. From this model, hillshade layers were extracted, and layers of adjustmentcurve, drainage system, gradient, gradient direction, and route of the largest gradientwere prepared. Moreover, this part of the road was extracted from a map at a scale of1:50000, and was placed in the above set of layers after being benchmarked. Followinganalyses, the potential of natural risks on this road was assessed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The introducing of natural dangers in Shafarude auriferous basin of Rezvanshahr town.With emphasizing on land sliding
Rafat Shahmari Ardanjani Mohammad Reza Servati Jaliladdin SurourThe main reason of doing this research is to identify and introduce the effectivefactors on natural disasters such as flood, land slide, fire accident ….and also thediversity of area and time of dangers and stretching and size of them in Shafarudeaquiferous basin MoreThe main reason of doing this research is to identify and introduce the effectivefactors on natural disasters such as flood, land slide, fire accident ….and also thediversity of area and time of dangers and stretching and size of them in Shafarudeaquiferous basin of Rezvanshahr town located in the west of Guilan province. Theeffect of reflection of this dangers on the social-economics condition of residents is anoticeable point that shows the importance of this research. This research has done byusing the descriptive – analyzing methods (basin system) and by using from toolssuch as topography maps from organization of army forces and the maps of geology,land using, air mapping by organization of cartography and field observation (Directobservation) and by using the G.P.S device, Excel and Auto Cad soft wares.The study results showed that: the major threatening natural disasters in this basinareLand slide , flood , fire accident drought, Thunder and lightening, animals’ bite ,plant pests, ….. in this direction, type and genus of geological structure and the severalfaults inside the basin and the Astara throughout fault in basin shallow, the differenceof height between the headline and basin shallow, the steep of slopes, rain falling, thelasting snow (about six months), the blowing of strong winds in autumn and thebeginning of spring, the thick mantle of forest in throughout the basin and ….… arethe most important and numerous natural factors causing natural disasters in basinplay an essential role such as land sliding and rock falling(in northwest, centre andsouthwest of basin) in villages- Ardah(1383), Roshandeh(1375), Dashtdaman (1383)and the flooding in Pargam(1375), Rinah (1383), Vaskah (1373) and forest firing inthe forests of south and southwest of basin ( Razah, Dashtdaman) during the recentdecade(1375-85).The events of these dangers a part from economy and socialdamages, within the investigation boundary collectively have switched theenvironment landscapes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Modeling of the Relation between Capability Approach and Community Based Approach Disaster Management
Armin Firoozpour Masoud daraei Ali Asghar SadabadiIntroduction and results: Frequent fluctuations of disaster management process in Iran and efforts in order to achieve an influential disaster management system and its successful conduct is still one of the existing challenges in this field. The presentation of the mod MoreIntroduction and results: Frequent fluctuations of disaster management process in Iran and efforts in order to achieve an influential disaster management system and its successful conduct is still one of the existing challenges in this field. The presentation of the modern approach of development entitled “the Capability Approach” by Amarty a Sen, the one and only Asian scientist who won the Noble prize for economics, on one hand and the acceptance of “the Community- Based approach” on the other hand, is considered as one of the newest theories of disaster management among the experts, which by exploiting the collaborative approaches and concentrating on stemming of vulnerability has placed emphasis on the achievement of stable development as its final goal. On the other hand, it caused efforts to be made in this article so while presenting a conceptual model, explain the mutual relation between these two approaches. Method: This project was shaped in the shadow of the hermeneutic approach, in which the researchers were seeking to present a phenomenological explanation in order to create a correct understanding of the two approaches of capability and community- based. For this purpose and to make a bond among abstract propositions in the process of this project and under the influence of rational epistemology, the analytical- logical method was applied and the final model of the project was rooted and extracted via applying research method. Findings: state the existence of a synergetic and interactive relation between these two approaches Conclusion: The results of the research state the existence of a synergetic and interactive relation between these two approaches. In reality, it can be stated that the community- based approach, is an effective tool and phenomenon for the expansion of the capability approach in the process of economic development. Mutually, the theoretic and philosophical depth of the capability approach can bring forth the optimum management and design of the community- based approach of disaster management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Designing Of Appropriate Pattern for Regional Management in Iran
علیرضا نظری غلامرضا کاظمیانIntroduction and Research Aim: Based on The Law of Political divisions, the hierarchy of Political divisions is: province, county, district, city, vill and village. Beside that law, National Physical Plan, which prepared by the ministry of Housing and urbanism, divides MoreIntroduction and Research Aim: Based on The Law of Political divisions, the hierarchy of Political divisions is: province, county, district, city, vill and village. Beside that law, National Physical Plan, which prepared by the ministry of Housing and urbanism, divides the country in 10 regions and 85 planning and functional zones. Namely, the region includes one or several counties which their natural, geographical features are the same and they have active mutual relations from economic, social and physical point of view. In present, while province, County and district have their own management authority, the region doesn’t have such position. Current investigation tries to propose a proper model of management for the regions in iran based on recognition and analysis of problems in management of regions in Iran. Method: The research method is descriptive; Data gathering technique includes questionnaire and library resources; and finally, study population contains experts, regional planning and management erudite, and regional master plan’s documents and reports. Results: According to this research, the results of documents and questionnaire are as follows: -Studying factors and elements that regulate the management and development of a region. -Investigating the organizational relations between mentioned element and regional organizations involved in management. -Exploring the essential tools for regional management Conclusion: According to aforementioned items and studies on each entry, we prepared tables, based on SWOT technique. The proposed paradigm for region management has been based on Strategies which were derived from those tables. According to SWOT technique, we do the following phases in sequence: first, required strategies for region management were extracted. Then, excerpted strategies were analyzed. Finally, a proper management pattern for the country and the region has been proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Examining the components of urban resilience with an emphasis on natural disasters (earthquake) Case study: District 16 Tehran
Haniya Tavakkoli Ahmad Khadem Al-Hassani Iraj Khosravi HaghivandCities today extend their spatial territories, whereas they become more susceptible to natural and man-made threats. Being located in the earthquake-prone belt of Himalayas, on average every five years, Iran faces an earthquake of magnitude of seven in Richter scale. Gi MoreCities today extend their spatial territories, whereas they become more susceptible to natural and man-made threats. Being located in the earthquake-prone belt of Himalayas, on average every five years, Iran faces an earthquake of magnitude of seven in Richter scale. Given the existence of active faults, Tehran is always at risk of earthquakes and has higher probability of accidents due to socio-economic-physical risk factors like high concentration of population, weak structures, weak adaptation of public services, housing, and so on, compared to other cities in Iran. As is clear, cities are complex systems constantly exposed to various interactions. Thus, to make such a great complex with its own complexities resilient and efficient, we need to draft some principles that clarify the path to achieving this goal. The purpose of the present study was to examine the components of urban resilience (case study: District 16 Tehran) with an emphasis on the natural incident earthquake. The study was conducted using a questionnaire, determining the total volume of samples, and using Cochran method along simple random sampling formula. Thus, 200 questionnaires were analyzed according to a 5-option Likert scale and t-test using SPSS. The results showed that urban resilience components at economic level include the role of providing services and increasing incentives for housing reform with an average of 3.39 percent was the most proper and the belief in planning to reduce the devastating effects of the earthquake with the priority of increasing revenue of people with an average of 1.92 are the most improper economic components. The social level includes the participation in training courses to deal with the damage caused by an earthquake and to reduce its effect with an average of 3.38 as the most proper and transfer the experiences for reduction of the impact of earthquake with an average of 1.73% is the most improper components at social level. . Moreover, at the physical-environmental level studied, the increase in the damage caused by the lack of a prior warning system and evacuation systems with an average of 3.64 were considered the most appropriate and the trust in housing due to consulting with domestic architects and consulting engineers with an average of 2.016 was the most inappropriate case at physical-environmental level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Application of Machine Learning Models for flood risk assessment and producing map to identify flood prone areas: Literature Review
Parisa Firoozishahmirzadi Shaghayegh Rahimi Zeinab Esmaeili Seraji -
Open Access Article
30 - Gastrointestinal motility ablative effect of methanol extract of L. hyssopifolia in diarrhoea due to caster oil and 5-HT in mice
ایلیاد عیسی بیگلو محمدتقی زادیهDiarrhoea is one of the most important GI tract that reduces meaningful performance of thepatient. Dried whole plant parts of Ludwigia hyssopifolia were subjected to successive coldextraction with n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. The methanol extract (LHM), obtained MoreDiarrhoea is one of the most important GI tract that reduces meaningful performance of thepatient. Dried whole plant parts of Ludwigia hyssopifolia were subjected to successive coldextraction with n-hexane, ethylacetate and methanol. The methanol extract (LHM), obtained as1% yield, showed significant antidiarrheal property by reducing diarrheal episodes in castor oiland serotonin induced diarrhea in laboratory mice at a dose of higher than 100mg/kg bodyweight as compared to standard drug loperamide given at a dose of 66.67 μg/kg body weight.The percent reduction in diarrheal episode by 56.32 and 89.66 after castor oil challenge and59.09 and 86.36 in serotonin induced diarrhea was observed at doses of 200mg/kg and400mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively. The extract LHM was also found to reducethe gastrointestinal motility by 53.8% at a dose of 100mg/kg body weight as compared tocontrol, while no remarkable inhibition of gastrointestinal motility was seen at a dose of50mg/kg body weight of the extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Monitoring and Forecasting of Effective Climatic Factors on the Mobility of Sand Dunes in Semnan province
Ebrahim Yousefi Mobarhan Mansor Ghodrati Mohammad KhosroshahiWind erosion and the movement of quicksands are considered as one of the important processes of land degradation and a serious challenge in Iran. In this study, an attempt was made to estimate the frequency of dust days in synoptic stations of Semnan province by conside MoreWind erosion and the movement of quicksands are considered as one of the important processes of land degradation and a serious challenge in Iran. In this study, an attempt was made to estimate the frequency of dust days in synoptic stations of Semnan province by considering the weather conditions. Also, the activity of sand dunes based on Lancaster index was examined. The results of this study during the statistical period of 15 years (2003-2017) showed Damghan station with 10% of erosive winds and 1058 days with dust and Shahroud station with 1% of erosive winds and 58 days with dust and Dust has the highest and lowest percentages of winds with speeds higher than the wind erosion threshold, respectively. The results of Lancaster index showed that Damghan city with the highest index has the potential of "fully active" wind sediments and therefore the stabilization of sand dunes is essential to reduce the damage caused by the activity of sand dunes in this area. The results of predicting the effects of possible changes in climatic factors on the mobility of quicksand in the selected station of the province showed that the sensitivity of sand mobility to changes due to increase in rain more than wind speed and to changes in decrease due to rain less than wind speed and if the average wind speed decreases by 30% in the future or the amount of rainfall increases by 30%, the condition of the hills will change from fully active to active. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Allame Tehrani’s criticism on the theory of not needing master in spiritual journey Abstract
tahereh fahiminajm reza esfandiari eslami mahdi norooziThe needing or not needing a master is one of the important issues to be considered in spiritual journey.A master is a person who is cognizant of the issues and can guide the person along the path of spiritual journey. Knowing the science of jurisprudence, having an acc MoreThe needing or not needing a master is one of the important issues to be considered in spiritual journey.A master is a person who is cognizant of the issues and can guide the person along the path of spiritual journey. Knowing the science of jurisprudence, having an accurate knowledge of the religious law, understanding divine sciences and intuition is necessary conditions for being a master. The wayfarer needs a general master at the beginning of the path and a special master until the end of the way.The religious way and reaching the truth is not possible except through the Sharia.The master who know Sharia will smooth the path and then will help the follower to reach his goal faster. Some do not believe in the necessity of following the master in spiritual journey. Allame Tehrani has critiques on the theory of not needing a master in spiritual journey.He declares the necessity of master, benefits and ways of knowing the master and problems and threats of the master’s absence, as well. Allame Tehrani scrutinizes not needing a master as being astray in spiritual journey and he has considered full obedience to the perfect master in diverse stages of his spiritual journey Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Zoroaster, Mani and Mazdak in Persian Poetry
محمد جواد شریعت مریم السادات خبوشانیConsidering the influence of the ancient history on the Persian literature,the author intends to compare the literary features of three prominentcharacters− Zoroaster, Mani, and Mazdak− in the Persian poetry. So aftertracking them in the Persian poetry texts MoreConsidering the influence of the ancient history on the Persian literature,the author intends to compare the literary features of three prominentcharacters− Zoroaster, Mani, and Mazdak− in the Persian poetry. So aftertracking them in the Persian poetry texts and surveying the opinions of thepoets in regard to these three reputable persons; we understand thatZoroaster is more often mentioned in these texts, however in negativemanner and was often reproached by poets. Moreover the poets have notedthe artistic aspects and beautifying purports of Mani, without consideringhis message. Mazdak also has been constantly neglected and intenselyreproached by poets. Among the reasons of disregarding of Persian poetryfor these three great characters, we could refer to the political and religiousreasons. Moreover the poets’ lack of knowledge about ancient people aswell as the penetration of Islam in Iran and Muslims’ rejection of thesereligions is other reasons. It seems that the extreme attention to the artisticaspects of Mani is due to his esoteric and mysterious beliefs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - ‘Ayn al-Quzzāt Hamedānī and the Accusation of Promoting Ismā‘īlism
فاطمه کیائیOne of The charges against ‘Ayn al-Quzzāt Hamedānī was propagationof Ismā‘īlī doctrines, especially the doctrine of infallible Imam. Hisidea about the necessity of master’s guidance for aspirants provided thepretext for his opponents to accuse him. In MoreOne of The charges against ‘Ayn al-Quzzāt Hamedānī was propagationof Ismā‘īlī doctrines, especially the doctrine of infallible Imam. Hisidea about the necessity of master’s guidance for aspirants provided thepretext for his opponents to accuse him. In fact, there are closesimilarities between these two concepts, i.e. Imam in Shi’ism andMaster in Sufism, because both Sufis and Shiites believe that there isan esoteric knowledge beyond the external world which could beacquired only by a few men. Consequently, as they say, people needImam/Master as the successor of the prophet to teach them the secrettruths and to uncover the esoteric meanings of Holy Quran. SinceImam/Master’s knowledge is inspired by God Shiites/aspirants shouldobey him without questioning. However, this doctrine is completelyrejected by the majority of Sunnis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Concept of Heart in the Orthodox Christian Mysticism
سید نادر محمدزادهIn this article the concept of "heart", a central doctrine in OrthodoxChristian mysticism, will be studied. Heart is the center of humanexistence, in which all practical, intellectual and voluntary abilities arerooted. The entire spiritual life, and even physical life, MoreIn this article the concept of "heart", a central doctrine in OrthodoxChristian mysticism, will be studied. Heart is the center of humanexistence, in which all practical, intellectual and voluntary abilities arerooted. The entire spiritual life, and even physical life, is based on theheart. Therefore, on the one hand, in the body heart is the center ofphysical life, and on the other, it is the center of spiritual life which isinterpreted as "the way" or "path". So according to the Orthodoxmysticism, the spiritual endeavor is a journey to deep heart stage,which is the place of the presence of Trinity. The aim of this journey isto realize the Kingdom of Heavens in the depths of the heart, and toexperience the vision of God and Divine similitude (theosis ordeification). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Investigation of Chemical and Sensory Properties of Diet Chiffon Cake using Flaxseed Flour, Mulberry Juice and Oleaster Powder
A. Nikdel A. Pedram Nia M. JalaliIntroduction: In this study, the use of flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder as effective compounds in reducing the amount of energy intake on the physicochemical and sensory properties of chiffon cake was investigated.Materials and Methods: To prepare a d MoreIntroduction: In this study, the use of flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder as effective compounds in reducing the amount of energy intake on the physicochemical and sensory properties of chiffon cake was investigated.Materials and Methods: To prepare a diet cake, from three variables of oleaster powder (15, 30 and 45%), mulberry juice (30, 60 and 90%) and flaxseed flour (10, 20 and 30%), Physicochemical parameters (pH, fat, fatty acidity, peroxide, total sugar and water activity) and sensory (taste, color, texture and general acceptance) were investigated and the results were analyzed by statistical method of response surface . Also, the results of the analysis of independent variables on the amount of evaluated indicators were checked in the period of 2 hours after baking the chiffon cake.Results: The highest interaction of variables in physicochemical properties was related to the effect of mulberry juice- flaxseed flour, which improved the amounts of fat, acidity, peroxide, total sugar and water activity, and in the sensory properties, the interaction of mulberry juice-oleaster powder had the greatest effect, which were significant in increasing the taste and general acceptance indices. The values obtained to measure the shelf life of the cake, based on the optimally produced cakes, for the first 10 days after production showed the absence of mold and yeast.Conclusion: Finally, the independent variables in the optimal conditions of chiffon cake formulation for flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder were 11.25, 48.35 and 23.75%, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - A new approach in proper training of students for environmental awareness enhancement (Case Study: professional, dependent and related faculties science and research branch, is Islamic Azad University)
Marzieh Faridian shal Mehran Farajollahi, Forouzan Zarabian, Fatemeh faridian shalBackground and Objective: Current research is carried out with the aim of new approach in proper training of students To achieve more environmental awareness considering academic members opinions through case studies of professional, dependent, and related Faculties to MoreBackground and Objective: Current research is carried out with the aim of new approach in proper training of students To achieve more environmental awareness considering academic members opinions through case studies of professional, dependent, and related Faculties to the environmental topic in science and research branch, Islamic Azad university(SRB-IAU). Material and Methodology: This investigation is an applied via purpose and descriptive survey via research method. Statistical society of this research is consisting of all of academic member 149 members in academic years 1399-1400 Faculty of Food Industry Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment and Faculty of Mechanics, Electrical Power and Computer of (SRB-IAU). Sample size is chosen 107 members using Morgan Table based on simple random sampling method. Data collection tools is a 30-item research-made questionnaire with Likert scale answer pack. Questionnaire reliability is obtained bused on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient equal to 0/793. To Determine the validity of the questionnaire, expert person certification is used. Data is analysed using descriptive statistics (Percentage, Frequency, Average, Standard deviation) and inferential statics (Single variable t-Test, and Friedman test for determing the share of each factors in training and learning quality improvement with the help of SPSS software. Findings: Results indicate that students interest factors to their field of study, amount student participation in educational activities, teaching method of faculty members. Organising educational content, university equipment and facilities are effective more than avarage level in the proper education of students to achieve more environmental awareness. Discussion and Conclusion: To Train knowledgeable students on environmental issues, principled education must be applied in universities. This education should be surveyed through several point of view and it’s quality must be improved continuously. In this study, maximum rank is belonging to student Participation in educational activities index and minimum rank is related to organising educational content index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Study of Theoretical Approach of Natural Disaster Management in Iran using Meta-analysis
Mehdi Nojavan Esmail Salehi Babak Omidvar Shahrzad FaryadiBackground and objective: Population growth and unplanned urban development has led to increase the risk of disaster in urban areas. Achievement to knowledge and ways to deal with disasters, have attracted attention of residents and researchers to natural disaster manag MoreBackground and objective: Population growth and unplanned urban development has led to increase the risk of disaster in urban areas. Achievement to knowledge and ways to deal with disasters, have attracted attention of residents and researchers to natural disaster management. The number and variety of published scientific papers in the field of natural disasters is one of the reliable proofs for showing the trend of researchers to this field. The objective of this research is meta-analyzing the published papers in Persian scientific journals. Material and Methodogy: For meta-analyzing of theoretical approach of Natural Disaster Management in Iran, initially 29 journals are selected. Then 454 papers are selected among these journals. These papers have been published from 2002 to 2016. Finally, for analyzing the papers, the analyzing criteria such as research methodology, sampling method and planning model and approach are determined using the expert’s opinion. Findings: The map of studies distribution showed that Tehran, Khorasan-e-Razavi, and Azerbaijan-e-sharghi provinces have been considered in a lot of papers. Results showed that physical approach is the dominant approach in the studies which is a weakness in papers. Also disregarding the scientific principle of research methodology such as absence of sampling, reliability, and validity is the other weakness of studies. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the dominant approach in the previous studies, studying and using the community-based and organizational approaches in the future researches is proposed. The policies of scientific journals in publishing applied papers is led to aggregation of these papers in the journals. So it is proposed due to importance of theoretical and fundamental studies and identifying indicators in the field of disaster management, scientific journals would have special attention to theoretical papers in this context and providing the condition to presentation of more theoretical and fundamental papers in this subject. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Study of Natural Disaster Management Models Using the Concepts of Thematic Analysis
Mehdi Nojavan Esmail Salehi Babak Omidvar Shahrzad FaryadiBackground and Objective: Different models have been proposed for disaster management. Considering their weaknesses so far, despite their efficiency in some locations and under certain circumstances, natural disasters are still a fundamental challenge in the way of sust MoreBackground and Objective: Different models have been proposed for disaster management. Considering their weaknesses so far, despite their efficiency in some locations and under certain circumstances, natural disasters are still a fundamental challenge in the way of sustainable development. The purpose of this research is to analyse disaster management models to be used as a theoretical tool in analyzing the current condition and to achieve the desired condition. Material and Methodogy: To achieve the goals, qualitative approach and combinations of the concepts of thematic analysis, classification and typology are used. In this regard, first, the models of disaster management from 1941 to 2016 are collected. In the next stage the themes of each model are extracted and categorized in three phases. In the first phase which is descriptive coding, available elements in each model are extracted as code and the basic themes are recognized. Then, in the phase of interpretive coding, basic themes are classified in three categories which are called organizing themes. The final phase is determination of global or overarching theme which is consisted of all the other mentioned themes. Findings: Basic themes which were obtained during the interpretive coding are the themes of operations management, risk management and hazard assessment. Based on thematic analysis, it can be concluded that disaster management has three main elements. Therefore, comprehensive model of disaster management should include these three elements and their sub basic themes that is called the ideal or criterion type. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that in some models, one dimension is emphasized. Even in two-dimensional models, one dimension has advantage over the other one. While the proposed typology showed that, considering the ideal type, the comprehensive model should include all the three mentioned elements. According to the ideal type, the strategic plan of disaster management should be performed under a comprehensive management considering all the elements of disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Analysis of the effect of plan geometry and capabilities of traditional architects on the typology of the architectural form of Isfahan Dove Towers
Afrooz Rahimi Ariaei Nima ValibeigBackground and Objective: Dove towers have outstanding architectural, structural and decorative characteristics. Geometric and typological examination of dove towers not only paves the way to understand Persian traditional architecture, but also prevents these environme MoreBackground and Objective: Dove towers have outstanding architectural, structural and decorative characteristics. Geometric and typological examination of dove towers not only paves the way to understand Persian traditional architecture, but also prevents these environment-friendly structures from being forgotten. According to the authors, there is a direct relationship between the creativity of traditional architects, proportions, form and size of the plan, with different types of dove towers in Isfahan. Accordingly, the present study aimed to analyze the final form of dove towers in Isfahan from the aspect of geometric features. Historically, certain foreign travelers have described some of the dove towers in Isfahan. Some travelers have also made attempt to describe them physically and structurally. This study will provide a comprehensive typology of dove towers from a geometric perspective.Method: The methodology has been descriptive, comparative and analytic in nature. Also, data were collected based on library sources and field studies. Findings: It was found that there is a significant relationship between height and the number of floors, the diameter of the dove towers, the middle cylinders and its wall thickness. The shapes, the geometry of the body and the various dimensions of the plan on the one hand and the creativity of the architects on the other hand, have created different volumes in the structure of the pigeon houses in Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Analyzing the Impacts of Climate Change on Human Rights
Behnoush Khoshmanesh zadeh Abbas Poorhashemi Mohammad Soltanieh Davoud Hermidas Bavanddramatic effect on poor and it has marginalized people all over the world, reinforcing existing vulnerabilities and deepening inequalities. The populations, whose rights are poorly protected, are likely to be less equipped to adapt to climate change effects. Climate cha Moredramatic effect on poor and it has marginalized people all over the world, reinforcing existing vulnerabilities and deepening inequalities. The populations, whose rights are poorly protected, are likely to be less equipped to adapt to climate change effects. Climate change and human rights are further intertwined because of the potential climate change and it exacerbates existing threats to International human right laws. Also it is well placed to address that challenge and highlights some of the human and equity dimensions of climate change. The introduction provides an overview of human rights concerns raised by climate change. Material and Methods: Method is aLegal analysis and descriptive manner. Many of the content of the documents describe the content of human rights and the UN Security Council. Results and Discussion: This Paper lays out some of the legal questions that are implicated in the emerging debate on climate change and human rights and suggests ways which international human right laws could be approached in order to promote clarity in the discourse of human rights and climate change. In this work some strategies have been proposed for dealing with these existing gaps. It is expected that analyzing these gaps and determining the international community duties and commitments (governments and international organizations) can result an efficient management of this crisis and prevent the outbreak of chaos across the globe Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Steps and measures of construction and demolition waste management in natural disasters
Nima Heidarzadeh Alireza Ramezani KhoojinDisasters have caused 1.2 million fatalities and 1.7 trillion damages (USD) in the world during 2000-2012. Depending on the nature and severity, disasters can generate large volumes of debris and waste. Values of between 30 and 113 t/household can be used to estimate th MoreDisasters have caused 1.2 million fatalities and 1.7 trillion damages (USD) in the world during 2000-2012. Depending on the nature and severity, disasters can generate large volumes of debris and waste. Values of between 30 and 113 t/household can be used to estimate the amount of debris of a damaged house and building. The waste can overwhelm existing solid waste management facilities and also impact on other emergency response and recovery activities. Thus, management of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes is one of the most important action should be done. Disaster waste management actions include three major phases as follow:1) Emergency phase, 2) preliminary recovery phase, and 3) final recovery phase. In this article, technical options of disaster waste management have been studied such as: estimation methods of C&D waste amounts, planning and management need in emergency, temporary storage in transfer stations, disposal, reuse and recycling of the wastes, prioritization of actions. Studies show that many types of C&D waste, such as bricks, blocks, concrete, asphalt, plasterboard, tiles, and iron sheets, can be recycled or reused for different application including: landfill waste cover, concrete aggregate, building and road base material, production of cement, soil drainage improvement, ingredient/additive in the production of fertilizer and compost Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Environmental management and planning in the aspect of fourth developing national master plan
naser moharam nejad Samira KhadiviThe planning for resource management to achieve desirable development is one of today’s most important economical, environmental and social affairs. During such planning any lack attention to natural reserves, wildlife settlement and cultural heritage that is for MoreThe planning for resource management to achieve desirable development is one of today’s most important economical, environmental and social affairs. During such planning any lack attention to natural reserves, wildlife settlement and cultural heritage that is for all society and next generations, will become extinct. For these reasons, establishing necessary scheme for establishing the balance between the national conservation and today’s requirements is one of the most important duty of responsible, specially the government and the parliament. To Setting the sustainable development in country, needs codifying law and enforcing it. Scheduling laws determine the frameworks and multilateral development ordered system of country that is the basis of accepted general policy and strategies. With considering the fourth development plan’s law and comparing those with the last plan’s laws it can say that the care on the ecosystem is growth. In fact, the fourth development plan’s laws directed sustainable development achievement in country and following the fiftieth article of law, is trying to adapt the procedure of developing specially economic and industrial with the ecosystem necessaries, in order to prevent unsustainable development. In fourth development master plan, one of the sixth foundations is environment preservation, logistic territory and regional equilibrium. Fifteen articles of 161 articles of fourth development plan are for environment preservation and in 14 of other is the necessity of environment preservation which has taken into consideration. The settled procedure shows the movement on a comparatively successful way on connecting environment considerations by developing plan to reach stable development. The success of these, are based on the enforcing of the codified laws completely and thoroughly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Environmental management and planning in the aspect of fourth developing national master plan
Naser Moharamnejad Samira Khadivy The planning for resource management to achieve desirable development is one of today’s most important economical, environmental and social affairs. During such planning any lack attention to natural reserves, wildlife settlement and cultural heritage More The planning for resource management to achieve desirable development is one of today’s most important economical, environmental and social affairs. During such planning any lack attention to natural reserves, wildlife settlement and cultural heritage that is for all society and next generations, will become extinct. For these reasons, establishing necessary scheme for establishing the balance between the national conservation and today’s requirements is one of the most important duty of responsible, specially the government and the parliament. To Setting the sustainable development in country, needs codifying law and enforcing it. Scheduling laws determine the frameworks and multilateral development ordered system of country that is the basis of accepted general policy and strategies. With considering the fourth development plan’s law and comparing those with the last plan’s laws it can say that the care on the ecosystem is growth. In fact, the fourth development plan’s laws directed sustainable development achievement in country and following the fiftieth article of law, is trying to adapt the procedure of developing specially economic and industrial with the ecosystem necessaries, in order to prevent unsustainable development. In fourth development master plan, one of the sixth foundations is environment preservation, logistic territory and regional equilibrium. Fifteen articles of 161 articles of fourth development plan are for environment preservation and in 14 of other is the necessity of environment preservation which has taken into consideration. The settled procedure shows the movement on a comparatively successful way on connecting environment considerations by developing plan to reach stable development. The success of these, are based on the enforcing of the codified laws completely and thoroughly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Investiation of problems resulting from debris management after earthquake and providing appropriate solutions
nina Rafeei abdolreza KrabasiEarthquaks in urban areas produce large volumes ofdebris that delay the recovery and response phases.Therefore, debris management and debris removalunder the framework of recovery programs are soimportant. International experiences have shownthat in recovery phase, larg MoreEarthquaks in urban areas produce large volumes ofdebris that delay the recovery and response phases.Therefore, debris management and debris removalunder the framework of recovery programs are soimportant. International experiences have shownthat in recovery phase, large amount of wastes canbe recycled and reused. So, necessary constructionmaterials can be provided and the amount of debrisdelivered to landfills and environmental problemswill be reduced. However recovery and responsephases should be done with proper debris management.In this paper some of the problems involvedin earthquake debris are considered and appropriatesolutions are discussed. Manuscript profile -
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46 - Essence and Function of the Devil Is a Measure of Justice in the Novel "Master and Margarita" by Mikhail Bulgakov.
Seyede Maryam Sarmadi Hamid BakhshandehDevil is a subject that engages the human mind, regardless of theological discourses and debates. In this article, an attempt is made to examine the issue in the two areas of orthodox theology and fiction. The novel, which is itself a pillar of literature, has been sele MoreDevil is a subject that engages the human mind, regardless of theological discourses and debates. In this article, an attempt is made to examine the issue in the two areas of orthodox theology and fiction. The novel, which is itself a pillar of literature, has been selected as part of the interdisciplinary study in this article, which is the basis for the devil's theme. The events of Mikhail Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita take place in the twentieth century. The focus of the article has been on the theme of Devil in nature, action, its relation to man and Christ. Devil is real in nature and is suspicious of man. It has various names with various functions, and although its power is not absolute, it seeks to be in harmony with God. But there were also differences in these two areas, including the fact that in the novel Devil is rebellious and does not seek equality with God, and in a way the nature and action of Devil follows a dual logic whose nature and behavior are spontaneously neutral, and this good duality And evil in the face of human positive or negative behavior is accurately highlighted in such a way that it can be said that in all positions, the (Woland) is the manifester of justice that measures the merits or demerits of human beings without excuse and excuse. And punishes against (Joshua) who forgives and embraces the sinner and the saint with his absolute love. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Analogy between Iran and France during celebrations of culture and oral literature of the two countries
Parisa Mohemkar Kheirandish Mohammadreza Mohseni Mohammadreza MohseniCelebrations mark trying to establish links between individuals and common sense. These links are provided as a shared dialogue between people with different views, beliefs and opinions to interact and reach consensus. National’s celebrations and carnivals have th MoreCelebrations mark trying to establish links between individuals and common sense. These links are provided as a shared dialogue between people with different views, beliefs and opinions to interact and reach consensus. National’s celebrations and carnivals have the mythological themes and cultural teachings and thought it for understanding the historical roots and cultures of different nations. Celebrate the iconic figure are often symptoms that are different from European and Asian countries. The origin of the feast of fundamental differences and similarities in the two cultures of East and West that sometimes issues are the myths and beliefs of Creation of national bonds they issue. In this paper, we seek to folklore and oral literature of Iran and France during the national celebration and we analyzed by comparison Mir noroozy with, Halloween with Khane Noroozir and valentin with Sepandar Maz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THOMAS MOORE’S UTOPIA AND NIZAMI’S CITY OF THE EXCELENT ONES
Katayun Farshidi Masud Sepahvandi Faranak FarshidForming an idealistic society has been a concern for humanity since ancient times. “A Truly Golden Little Book” by Thomas Moore could be pointed out as an example for this claim. This book which is one of the most famous western examples for a drea MoreForming an idealistic society has been a concern for humanity since ancient times. “A Truly Golden Little Book” by Thomas Moore could be pointed out as an example for this claim. This book which is one of the most famous western examples for a dream city the writer tries to create and depict the details of his favorite world. On the other hand one of the eastern dream cities is the “city of the excellent ones” described by Nizami to depict his dream city. The writer of the present article tries to compare these two dream cities to shoe the differences between eastern and western dream cities as well as their similarities. Manuscript profile -
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49 - A study of anxiety in the Qur'an and the Testaments based on the socio-cultural psychological approach
Masoumeh Javadian Ali Hossein EhteshamiThis study was conducted to comparatively study what, causes and treatment of anxiety from the perspective of the Qur'an and Testament and with a historical approach and descriptive-analytical method and achieved the following results: The Qur'an and Testament were simi MoreThis study was conducted to comparatively study what, causes and treatment of anxiety from the perspective of the Qur'an and Testament and with a historical approach and descriptive-analytical method and achieved the following results: The Qur'an and Testament were similar in expressing what and the treatment of anxiety but in terms of causes, they are slightly different. Both have identified two types of anxiety in human life: praised and condemned anxiety. The Qur'an and the New Testament agree on the causes of anxiety about resurrection, storms and natural disasters, polytheism and sin, troubles and problems of daily life, and the Qur'an and the Old Testament agree on war, resurrection, polytheism and sin, and the Old and New Testaments agree on background of causes of anxiety about resurrection, polytheism and sin, death, natural disasters, loss of position and status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - A Critical Study on Motivations and Quran Classification Principles of Jull La Baume
Seyyed Mahdi Lotfi Zahra HashemiQuranic subjects' classification was Easterns concern which Jull La Baume – as an effective scholar in this field – presented his classification in eighteen levels. His classification is affected by scientific and operational motivations such as availability MoreQuranic subjects' classification was Easterns concern which Jull La Baume – as an effective scholar in this field – presented his classification in eighteen levels. His classification is affected by scientific and operational motivations such as availability to Quranic subjects. He also considered his special principles and ideologies such as Quran's revelation, paying attention to Islamic sources and their declassification, ignoring the traditions and not referring to the definite historical documents. The present article seeks to achieve Jull La Baume's classification principles by considering his motivations in order to a better understanding and expression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Study of holidays in Hindu, Buda and Islam
Mohammad AalivandThe purpose of the present article is to show the status of goals, principles and methods of celebrating ceremonies and feasts from and Eastern religions and Islam’s viewpoint in comparative studies. The research method is qualitative and is done in order to MoreThe purpose of the present article is to show the status of goals, principles and methods of celebrating ceremonies and feasts from and Eastern religions and Islam’s viewpoint in comparative studies. The research method is qualitative and is done in order to answer the research question, texts, articles or scripture which are related to these religions’ ideas. This article includes religion’s viewpoint – specifically Islam’s view – on feasts and ceremonies and as a result on society and individuals’ happiness in fact. Islam has not only negated happiness but also emphasized the healthy happiness within a specific framework which causes worldly and unworldly development. Eventually happiness is one of the fundamental needs for human and the necessity for life; essentially creation of al being including human is in such a way that it automatically provides happiness for man; Eastern religions including Hinduism and Buddhism are the ones with various celebrations and feasts that are different from Islam’s in times and rules. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Mahjar literature and its philosophical view
nasrollah shameli Sohbatollah Hasan vandThe Arab literature undoubtedly was not a suitable position for the perfect philosophy in the past or in the contemporary era; but rays and glimmers of philosophy can be seen in their literature. Except the philosophical Sufism of Hallaj and Ibn Arabi’s schools wh MoreThe Arab literature undoubtedly was not a suitable position for the perfect philosophy in the past or in the contemporary era; but rays and glimmers of philosophy can be seen in their literature. Except the philosophical Sufism of Hallaj and Ibn Arabi’s schools which were followed by Jalal Al Din Rumi and Farid Al Din Attar Neishabouri in Persian and Arabic. The present article has studied the philosophical sources of North Mahjar’s literary men with their view point of philosophy about subjects such as believe in God, human, death, the world and etc. Manuscript profile -
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53 - The Reverberation of Eastern Mysticism and the Reverberation of Western Surrealism in the Poetry of Sohrab Sepehri
Mehrdad Aghaei Fazel Abbaszadeh Susan GhayebzadehModern poetry is considered as a remarkable source for the imaginary and hyperreality world or what is called surrealism. Surrealism, with all its doubts and confusions, has influenced literature in such a way that it has turned the East like the West like a devastating MoreModern poetry is considered as a remarkable source for the imaginary and hyperreality world or what is called surrealism. Surrealism, with all its doubts and confusions, has influenced literature in such a way that it has turned the East like the West like a devastating flood and influenced whole world. Sohrab Sepehri, an Iranian poet, painter, and naturalist, during his travels to the East and the West, as well as his acquaintance with Eastern mysticism and the schools of Western literature caused surrealistic inspirations appear in his poetry. This article while introducing the school of surrealism examines its features in Sepehri's poem "Sedaye Paye Ab". According to the evidence in this famous poem, it was concluded that Sepehri in his poetic style in " Sedaye Paye Ab" has influenced many surrealist principles and foundations and entered the realm of hyperrealities that even Westerners themselves have not acquired it. The purpose of this research is to draw the real world with hyperreality language and to reach the supreme truth through mental and spiritual affairs, using the school of surrealism in this work of the mentioned poet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Discuss Indicators for shaping and the frustration factors for Middle East People(2011-2017)
vahid khoshgoftar lame ماشااله حیدرپورIn past decade, Middle east people insurrections underlined safety, political and economic variations more than any change and event in that region. By happening the variations and lapsing some years since commencement of insurrections and its inappropriate consequences MoreIn past decade, Middle east people insurrections underlined safety, political and economic variations more than any change and event in that region. By happening the variations and lapsing some years since commencement of insurrections and its inappropriate consequences in Arabian countries, many studies were performed on discussion shaping indicators of the insurrection and its frustration factors in societies and research centers which their results are pertinent to analysis of different insights in terms of effectiveness of a special indicator or variable. In regard to studies, it was tried to answer important question that what were the most important shaping indicators and frustration factors for middle east Arabian insurrection? The documentary response is offered in terms of constructivism theory. The findings proved that shaping and forming indicators for Middle East Arabian insurrections are derived from procedure affair in terms of effectiveness of semantic and material indicators for cultural, political and economic dimensions like cultural dissatisfaction, tribal conflicts, distrust to government systems and inefficient economic structure. In fact, not a unified indicator but collection of indicators underlies people insurrection in Arabian countries of Middle East and in relation with frustration factors in order to obtain suitable aims, one sees effectiveness of different cultural, political and economic factors including extension tribal conflicts, extend cultural absolutism, integrity for political processes and to lose economic opportunities in the country. Keywords: Middle East People Insurrection, Tribal Conflicts, Cultural Absolutism, Constructivism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Investigating the Common Topics of the Western-Eastern Divan and Saadi's Clergy
Mahmoud MehravaranA form of comparative literature is to compare a work or some works of two eloquent poets in order to find their mutual influence. The content of West–Eastern Diwan (the Collection of poems) of Goethe, the famous German man of letter, shows that he was greatly inf MoreA form of comparative literature is to compare a work or some works of two eloquent poets in order to find their mutual influence. The content of West–Eastern Diwan (the Collection of poems) of Goethe, the famous German man of letter, shows that he was greatly influenced by Hafiz as well as S'adi, the great Persian poet and author, because some works of Persian literature, particularly those of S'adi, has been translated into western languages since some centuries ago, which has made western scholars and men of letters familiar with them. This article, after examining Goethe's familiarity with Saadi's works and the reasons for Goethe's influence, examines the considerable evidence of the common themes between Saadi and Goethe and illustrates Goethe's influence on Saadi or the affinities of their ideas from the poetry offices of the Western-Eastern Divan. These are commonalities and influences on the content, thought, and type of thought of many phenomena, including: Praise God and point to His justice and dominance over the East and the West, Freedom of Thought, Arrest of the Poor, Inability to Love, Short and Lifetime, Trespassing on Short Life, Eating the Sadness of the World, and Spending the World With Jealousy and Disdain Others, language silence, ignorance of the ignorant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Analysing of The Tragic Structure of Rostam and Sfandiyars’ Story
Touraj Aghdayee Khadijeh Bahrami Rahnama -
Open Access Article
57 - The influence of eastern thought and mysticism on the works of Henry Miller
shahyar Saadat -
Open Access Article
58 - The Reflection of Zoroasterian Ethics in Naser Khosro's Counsels
Nafiseh Moradi Farhad AslaniThis article seeks to explain that Naser Khosro had been inspired by Zoroasterian ethical teachings in expressing his moral views – which are mostly represented in his counsels. The effect he received from Middle Persian Literature and Zoroastrianism is not just l MoreThis article seeks to explain that Naser Khosro had been inspired by Zoroasterian ethical teachings in expressing his moral views – which are mostly represented in his counsels. The effect he received from Middle Persian Literature and Zoroastrianism is not just limited to ethical counsels; the penetration of such themes in his subconscious mind had influenced the linguistic and mental structures of his works. In this research, on account of the significance of investigating the effect of language and Pahlavi's literature on early Islamic centuries poets and writers' works, and the significance of such an effect on reading and a more precise analysis of Islamic texts era, as well as considering the fact that the penetration of linguistic and mental themes of Persian Middle Literature into works of Islamic era has often been neglected by researchers, a comparative study of Naser Khosro’s counsels and Zoroasterian ethical texts using Dēnkard (Acts of the Religion) full-text book IV – which is in fact the abstract of Zoroasterian counsels – has been conducted. With the analysis of the similarities between these two works in a mental and philosophical system, and from moral perspectives, we have concluded that Naser Khosro had been influenced by, and owes a lot to Zoroaterianism and Zoroasrian literature in writing his counsels. Manuscript profile -
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59 - Aestheticism in Zoroastrian Mysticism and Its Similarity with Rumi’s Mysticism
Soheyla Zoqi -
Open Access Article
60 - Evaluating the Geotourism capabilities of Eastern Alamut area based on GAM model
Mohammad Taherkhani -
Open Access Article
61 - Recognition of the Allegorical Dimensions of the Character of the Spiritual Master
F. Abbaszade M. jabbariWalking though hard ways, without Trusting master and disciple is not possible. Thus the need for attendance of the spiritual master has been among the major issues at the center of sufism. Except for a small number of sufis, like Ovagsian who considered discovery journ MoreWalking though hard ways, without Trusting master and disciple is not possible. Thus the need for attendance of the spiritual master has been among the major issues at the center of sufism. Except for a small number of sufis, like Ovagsian who considered discovery journey is merely possible through meditation; that most sufi scholars have emphasized the need for choosing master, believing that success in the journey through ups and downs on the way to perfection, can not be achieved without the help of a master. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive definition of master in the Theasosophy. We include the master and to need to follow master. Manuscript profile -
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62 - The allegorical approach of " Nightingale", "the eastern wind", and "rose" in the poems of Khaghani, Hafez and Bidel Dehlavi
Hasan Nagafi Lisehrodi Mohammad Reza Shad Manamen Alimohammad Moazeni Sourallah NouruziThe terms "nightingale", "the eastern wind", and "rose" are three gones of an emotional,romantic relationship that has been used by poets through different eras. The common elements of the three is the fact that they exist in the nature. These three term used in the poe MoreThe terms "nightingale", "the eastern wind", and "rose" are three gones of an emotional,romantic relationship that has been used by poets through different eras. The common elements of the three is the fact that they exist in the nature. These three term used in the poems of poets have symbolic significance and metaphorical approach. The nightingale as the symbole of lover or poaetic "I" , wind, breathe, Saba or eastern wind as the mesenger in commute between lover ( the nightingale) and beloved (rose) as the symbol of beauty or projection of beloved. In Persian literature ,specially in versed works, and in the works of three mentioned poet in present study( Khaghani, Hafiz, Bidel Dehlavi) there are plenty of natural elements such as wind, funa, and flora which are accompanied by beautiful ironies, metaphors, similies, and combinations. Allegorical approach of these elements is more prominent in hafiz poems in comparison with the two other Aforementioned sonneteers. Considering the various functions, this study aimed to investigate the allegorical approach of these symbols and compare their functions in the poems of the three poets. Manuscript profile -
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63 - Chemical composition, biological activities, and nutritional application of Asteraceae family herbs: A systematic review
Masoud Kazeminia Ali Mehrabi Razzagh Mahmoudi -
Open Access Article
64 - Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre (Menispermaceae): From traditional medicine to pharmacological activity and chemical constituents
Idayat Akinwumi Mubo Sonibare -
Open Access Article
65 - Chemical composition and cytotoxicity of the essential oil of Tanacetum abrotanifolium (L.) Druce (Asteraceae) from Iran
Ali Sonboli Sepideh Ghilichpour Mohsen Farhadpour Mitra Arman -
Open Access Article
66 - Phytochemical analysis of Echinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn
Azadeh Khademian Mahdi Moridi Farimani Mostafa Alilou Mojtaba AsadollahiEchinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn, also known as “Shekartighal kohgiluyeh” in Persian, is a prickly perennial herbaceous plant. Various species within the genus Echinops have traditionally been used as remedies for severe coughs, nervous attacks, and MoreEchinops macrophyllus Boiss & Hausskn, also known as “Shekartighal kohgiluyeh” in Persian, is a prickly perennial herbaceous plant. Various species within the genus Echinops have traditionally been used as remedies for severe coughs, nervous attacks, and infectious diseases. This study aimed to isolate and elucidate the structures of the compounds found in the aerial parts of E. macrophyllus. The ethyl acetate extract from the aerial parts of the plant was fractionated using column chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC-DEPT, HMBC and NOESY techniques. Phytochemical analysis of the plant resulted in the isolation of six compounds (1-6), including one triterpenoid (α-amyrin) (4), three sterols involving 3-O-[β-D-(6’-tetradecanoate)-glucopyranosyl]-β-sitosterol (6), β-sitosterol (3), and daucosterol (5) as well as two phenolic compounds, namely p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and ethyl-2-hydroxy-trans-cinamate (2), from this species for the first time. It is noteworthy that these compounds have previously been reported to exhibit various biological activities. Manuscript profile -
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67 - Flavonoids from two Turkish Centaurea species and their chemotaxonomic implications
Sharmeen Uddin Lillian Alnsour Peter Segun Huseyin Servi Sezgin Celik R. Süleyman Göktürk Afaf Al-Groshi Shaymaa Al-Majmaie Stephanie T. Guetchueng Lutfun Nahar Nicola M. Dempster Fyaz M. D. Ismail Kenneth J. Ritchie Satyajit D. Sarker -
Open Access Article
68 - Designing a Model to Online Shopping Behavior Based on the Quality of Sites
Mahmoud Naderi Bani Mahdi Al Husseini almodarresi adeleh dehghani ghahnavi Mohammad Mahdi afsharThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd Universi MoreThe purpose of this research was to provide a comprehensive model of the determinants of online shopping behavior based on site quality. This research was descriptive and Applied Survey. The populaition of research was M.A students with entrance of 1393 in Yazd University. 212 sample were chosen based on Cochran formula and by classes sampling. The data collection instrument was questionnaire. data analysis was performed by little squares and by helping of Smart Pls2/0 and Amos23 softwares. Findings showed that technical, appearance and content quality of website Positive affect intention to internet purchase (P<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Comparison of the effectiveness of teaching by mastering learning methods Meaningful learning and intelligent learning on basic mathematical concepts of second grade male elementary students in Isfahan
mohammadreza ghasemi Maryam Chorami reza ahmadi ahmad ghazanfariAbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mastery learning, meaningful learning and e-learning on the basic mathematical concepts of second grade male students in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test and follow MoreAbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mastery learning, meaningful learning and e-learning on the basic mathematical concepts of second grade male students in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group). The statistical population of this study included all second grade elementary students in Isfahan with a total number of approximately 65,000 students in the academic year 1399-1399. The sample size was selected based on pre-test, post-test and follow-up methods with a control group of 200 students. Four areas were randomly selected by stepwise cluster sampling method, and were divided into 4 groups of 25 people.The three groups of learning in a mastery, meaningful and intelligent way, in addition to participating in their normal classes such as the control group, each received their own intervention. The research tool was a test of basic mathematical concepts. Before and after the sessions, the basic math concepts test was taken from the control group and all 3 educational groups, and after two months, follow-up was performed. Analysis of covariance was used for analysis and the groups were compared in terms of post-test and follow-up. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The comparison of misunderstanding of the third grade high school students and B.A and M.A students about the concept of electricity
Ashrafoalsadat ShekarbaghaniThe aim of the present research was to investigate about the comparison of misunderstanding of the third grade high school students and B.A and M.A students about the concept of electricity. The research method was descriptive survey. The population of the study was con MoreThe aim of the present research was to investigate about the comparison of misunderstanding of the third grade high school students and B.A and M.A students about the concept of electricity. The research method was descriptive survey. The population of the study was consisted of all high school students in Tehran, all students of Computer Engineering (Software Engineering), the students of Information Technology (B.A) and the students of solid-state physics (M.A) in Tehran Payame Noor University, Robatkarim, in academic year 1391-1392.285 participants consisted the sample, including 125 students from high school (68 from math major and 57 from empirical science major), 130 undergraduate students (72 Computer Engineering students and 58 Information Technology students) and 30 M.A students (Solid-State physics). A diagnostic test comprising six questions with multiple-choice format was used to collect the required data. To ensure the content validity of the instrument, a panel of 20 teachers of physics verified the questionnaire. The reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha as 0.87.The test was given in a normal condition with no in advance awareness. After the test was run, the frequency, frequency percentage, the tables and corresponding graphs were used. To assess how well students understood, the conceptual evaluation method was applied. In this method, the options were categorized in four types as: full understanding, partial understanding, misunderstanding and lack of understanding.The findings showed new misunderstandings about the concepts of static electricity. Based on these findings, it seems so necessary that physics curricula and instructional materials which are about to be recently revised by the Ministry of Education be taken into more considerations so as to organize the concepts of static electricity and its modeling in related textbooks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The study of the effect of occupation access on the entry of women into master degree period and fulfillment of their expectation thorough curriculum syllabus
Asiyeh kheirollahi Ahmad Reza Nasr Mohammad Reza NiliThe overall objective of this research was to study about the effect of occupation access on the entry of women into master degree period and fulfillment of their expectation thorough curriculum syllabus in university of Isfahan. Used method was descriptive survey. To c MoreThe overall objective of this research was to study about the effect of occupation access on the entry of women into master degree period and fulfillment of their expectation thorough curriculum syllabus in university of Isfahan. Used method was descriptive survey. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used. The validity was confirmed by some experts and the reliability was verified by using Cronbach's alpha (0/89). The Population included all senior female students at the University of Isfahan in the academic year 1390-91. Then, the sample size was estimated as 254 persons using Cochran's sample size formula. Quantitative results indicated that occupation access was not significantly related to the desire of students for MA education. However, the interview results were not consistent with the findings of the questionnaire. The findings, also, showed that students with low economic status were more willing to continue their education than those with good economic status. Quantitative conclusions showed that students' expectations were not fulfilled by the curriculum syllabus and this was consistent with the results of the questionnaire, too Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - A Model to Evaluate Factors Influencing Perceived Responsive Curriculum in Smart Schools
فرهاد شفیعپور مطلق محمدحسین یارمحمدیانThis study investigated factors influencing the development of perceived responsive curricula in smart schools. All smart school teachers in Tehran in the academic year 1390 1388 were considered as study population. In this descriptive correlation study, 360 teacher wer MoreThis study investigated factors influencing the development of perceived responsive curricula in smart schools. All smart school teachers in Tehran in the academic year 1390 1388 were considered as study population. In this descriptive correlation study, 360 teacher were selected through multistage clustering sampling. Three researcher- made questionnaires (factors influencing responsible perceived curricula, component of the perceived responsive curricula, motivating students in smart schools) were used. Content validity was obtained. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0/93, 0/89 and 0/87 respectively. Pearson correlation and structural equations model is used for data analysis. Findings indicate that among the seven studied variables attention to individual differences (0/307), attention to mastery learning (0/263), and attention to research-centeredness (0/219) had the highest total effect on the perceived responsive curriculum. Based on the findings of the study Chi-Square, GFI, AGFI, P-Value and RMSEA are 115/422, 0/963, 0/921, 0/000, and 0/055 respectively. Therefore studied model is acceptable Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Designing and Validating a Curriculum Framework of Natural Disaster Risk Reduction Education in Primary School
ahmad gholami mohammad javdaniThe purpose of the research was to designing and validating a curriculum framework of natural disaster risk reduction education in primary school. This study is a sequential exploratory mixed method. In the qualitative section 12 experts and professors of the Institute MoreThe purpose of the research was to designing and validating a curriculum framework of natural disaster risk reduction education in primary school. This study is a sequential exploratory mixed method. In the qualitative section 12 experts and professors of the Institute of Seismology and the universities of Iran and crisis management specialists were selected by purposeful sampling and snowball technique. In this section, the interview method, literature reviews of research and study of resources, texts and upstream documents were used to attain concepts, phrases and key words related to the framework, and initial qualitative data were obtained. qualitative data was analyzed by thematic analysis method and the initial framework was formed. Qualitative validation criteria were used to validate the framework. In the quantitative section, the statistical population consisted of university specialists in the field of curriculum studies and primary school teachers, Which 20 of university specialists and 110of primary school teachers in the sarchehan district(400) that were selected by simple random sampling method. to collect quantitative data a teacher made questionnaire was used. To confirm the validity of the questionnaire, face and content validity and factor analysis and for calculating reliability, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. The results of factor analysis showed that teaching methods with factor load of 0.96, content 0.94, evaluation methods 0.93, materials & resources 0.97, and logic with load factor of 0.93 explained the curriculum framework of natural disaster risk reduction education in primary school. Also, the coefficient of Cronbach's alpha above 0.90 confirmed reliability of curriculum elements. Therefore, the validity of the final curriculum framework was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Study of Experienced Curriculum for Master Students in Curriculum Development at Bu-Ali Sina University
Nashmin Mohammadi AzimehSadat KhakbazThe present study was conducted to investigate the experienced curriculum in the master students in curriculum development field of study at Bu-Ali Sina University. This research was conducted by phenomenological method. Participants in this study were 26 master student MoreThe present study was conducted to investigate the experienced curriculum in the master students in curriculum development field of study at Bu-Ali Sina University. This research was conducted by phenomenological method. Participants in this study were 26 master students in the curriculum development discipline at Bu Ali Sina University in the 3 academic year of study 1394-1394, 1395-1394 and 1396-1695, all of whom were examined. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews which questions were tested on the basis of four curriculum levels (expected curriculum, concealed curriculum, interactive curriculum and learned curriculum). Data analyzed by coding and categorization and validated through qualitative research criteria, research description in the details, long-term engagement with the field, sampling according to differences of opinion from the three groups of student based on entry periods, information collected even later of theoretical saturation in order to other possible cases of rejection of findings and analysis checking by research participants. The findings showed that the student is at each level of the program that is faced with different categories. At the expected curriculum level, the difficulty category was identified. At the level of the concealed curriculum, educational motivation and the necessary knowledge and skills were obtained. At the level of interactive curriculum, in the course section, the categories of changing attitudes towards some courses, repetition in some courses, lack of a specific source in some courses, homework problems, evaluation challenges and interaction and response of professors and in the dissertation section, supervisor selection and the choice of the dissertation topic were identified. In learned curriculum level, categories named explicit, null and hidden learning were identified. Each category also includes multiple subcategories. The results showed that the experienced curriculum at each level, changes and finally, the curriculum of the learned level is very different from the expected. On the other hand, students face a lot of confusion and ambiguity by being exposed to experience and without any support. Therefore, it is necessary to think of the measures to improve the curriculum experience process for them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Curriculum leadership modeling for head master in Iran
nahid fazli Ali Khalkhali nader naderi javad soleimanpuorCurriculum leadership is recognized as a key component of improving the education system. Considering the vital role of principals in this sector, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for curriculum leadership by head master. The approach th MoreCurriculum leadership is recognized as a key component of improving the education system. Considering the vital role of principals in this sector, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for curriculum leadership by head master. The approach that was taken in this research included a combination of sequential-exploratory type which was used in the qualitative part of the Grounded Theory method and in the quantitative part of the descriptive-survey method. The community studied includes faculty members, educational management experts, curriculum specialists, and head master. The data from the interviews in the qualitative section were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding and prioritized in the quantitative section with Friedman's test. The results showed that causal factors (including the need to form macro goals of education, the need for continuous improvement in the process of education and the need to implement an effective curriculum) are the basis of curriculum leadership by head master, which focuses on decentralize the education system, explaining the position of headmaster as curriculum leaders, appointing qualified head master and empowering them, cooperation of head master with teachers, awareness of students and parents about the curriculum, attracting extra-organizational cooperation, renewal of culture and Curriculum enrichment and regular monitoring of its implementation as a strategy for developing leadership curriculum head master, It causes individual, organizational and social consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Design and simulation of novel RF MEMS cantilever switch with low actuation voltage
Bahram A. Ganji Khadijeh Khodadady -
Open Access Article
77 - Modeling the impacts of Urmia lake drought on soil salinity of agricultural lands in the eastern area of fuzzy object based image analysis approach
Kayvan Mohmadzadeh Bakhtiar FeizizadehObject based image analysis (OBIA) techniques are known as new methods in the domain of remote sensing image processing methods which are having significant potentialities for a variety of applications in pedology sciences. In this regard OBIA known as approach which in MoreObject based image analysis (OBIA) techniques are known as new methods in the domain of remote sensing image processing methods which are having significant potentialities for a variety of applications in pedology sciences. In this regard OBIA known as approach which integrate spectral and spatial pattern of satellite images for obtaining more accurate results. This approach has developed against of pixel based methods which are facing serious challenges due to the similarity index in spectral properties. The main objective of this study is to analyze soil salinity and apply an integrated approach of Fuzzy-object based for monitoring changes in soil characterize in the eastern area of Uremia Lake which has been under an environmental impact of lake drought. For this goal, Landsat 7 satellite images (ETM+) of 2000 and Landsat 8 (OLI) satellite image, for 2015 was prepared. In doing so, first pre-processing steps on satellite images were established. Accordingly, soil salinity trends of agricultural croplands in eastern area were evaluated using fuzzy object based image analysis approach. For this goal, we employed the object based features including: NDVI, spectral indices, brightness and NDSI. The results of this research indicated that, significant progress in increasing salinity areas while the soil salinity rate measured up about 21.54 % (833/18 Km2). According to the results, the salty barren lands with positive slope 19.7 % represent a positive growth rate while it has increased from 15.3 % to 35.05 %. Results indicated the critical environmental situation for the agriculture croplands located in the Eastern area of Uremia Lake which requires the attention of decision makers and authorizations in the East Azerbaijan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Identification of salt domes in Ravar region, Kerman province by using the radar Polarimetry technique of Palsar images and analyzing Sentinel-2 and Aster multispectral images
Ali Mehrabi Sadegh Karimi Fatemeh NaghdiBackground and ObjectiveIn addition to tourist attractions, salt domes are one of the most interesting geomorphic phenomena having different mineral resources and can in some cases act as an oil reservoir and oil trap. It is very important to identify them. Iran i MoreBackground and ObjectiveIn addition to tourist attractions, salt domes are one of the most interesting geomorphic phenomena having different mineral resources and can in some cases act as an oil reservoir and oil trap. It is very important to identify them. Iran is very rich in evaporative deposits and also shows a unique abundance of emerged/outcropped salt domes. Most of the known salt domes are distributed in the south of Zagros and the Persian Gulf region. But they have also been reported in the other parts of Iran, including the Great Desert, Garmsar, Qom and the Ravar region. So far, no special study has been done on the salt domes of the Ravar region, so that only a few domes in the northern and eastern parts of Ravar have been mentioned. without specifying their location on the map. Therefore, the necessity for further study of this area is specified. The main purpose of this study is to identify the salt domes found/outcropped in the area of Ravar city, Kerman province, by using new remote sensing methods and using radar and multispectral images. Materials and Methods There are several ways to process multi-dimensional images that the analysis of the principle components and the false color combination are the most important ones. We will explain how these methods have been used in the present study. Aster thermal sensor bands were used to produce the false color combination, so that the mentioned minerals were exposed/highlighted by placing the 12, 11 and 13 bands in the red, green and blue channels respectively, Studies on the use of the main components analysis technique for Sentinel 2 satellite images to detect soil and rock salinity show that the false color combinations of PC7, PC6 and PC2, in red, green and green channels respectively is very suitable for this purpose. This is done in the same way in this study. Results and Discussion By performing atmospheric corrections on the multi-spectral images of Sentinel 2, the analysis of the main components was performed on it, as a result of which, the corresponding image was divided into 12 components. Using the three main components 2, 6 and 7, a false color combination was prepared. The results show that the different stone units are highlighted with different colors. Meanwhile, according to previous studies and by examining different colors and comparing and matching it with the geological map of the study area, it was specified that the light pink color indicates the salt units in the study area, This has been proven by field studies. It is noteworthy that in addition to determining the salt domes, the pink areas also show the secondary salts caused by weathering and erosion of these domes. Since the composition of the salt domes displayed in the Ravar salt basin varies so that some of these domes are dominated by salt minerals and polyalite, and others by sulfate minerals such as gypsum and Carbonate minerals such as anhydrite form the dominant mineral, different satellite images can be used to highlight the dominant minerals of each group in terms of their characteristics and spectral behavior. Thus Aster images were also used. Therefore, according to the specific spectral behavior of anhydrite and gypsum minerals in the thermal spectrum range, special color combinations can be combined to recognize salt domes by placing bands 12, 11 and 13 in the red, green and blue channels, respectively. As shown in this result, the salt domes having the dominant gypsum and anhydrite mineral are marked by light white. By performing the radar polarimetry technique and applying the CPR index, the relevant images were prepared. As mentioned earlier, CPR image suffering is closely related to the type and spectral behavior of different levels, In order to better analyze the images, the data suffering were normalized between 0 and 1. The closer these numbers are to the number one, the greater the roughness is due to surface erosion. As a result, the areas that are red in the image are usually very eroded. Conclusion The results of this study show that evaporative minerals and salt domes can be identified by using radar polarimetry method. In this study, with the application of CPR index, salt domes with red color were highlighted. In addition, due to the specific spectral behavior of the anhydrite and gypsum minerals in the thermal spectrum range, with the color combination of bands 12, 11 and 13, ASTER images of light-colored salt domes were identified. Also, the existing salt units in the study area were identified by using the three main components 2, 6 and 7 prepared from Sentinel 2 images,. Based on the obtained results, 27 salt domes were identified in the study area, which are in good agreement with the usual structural mechanism of salt domes creation. In addition, the accuracy of the results were confirmed by field survey. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Assessment relations of land use in heat islands using time series ASTER sensor data (Case study: Bandar Abbas city)
Ali aKbar Matkan Ahmad Nohegar Babak Mirbagheri Nahid TorkchinInvestigation of the situation of heat radiation scattering and its relationship by land use types is important in identification of the urban microclimate. Temperature is one of the features that are influenced by environmental conditions and it is considered as one of MoreInvestigation of the situation of heat radiation scattering and its relationship by land use types is important in identification of the urban microclimate. Temperature is one of the features that are influenced by environmental conditions and it is considered as one of quality indices of environmental. According to this study the quality of the environment and the amount of pressure on which come to attention. On the other hand, land use planning as the main core of the urban planning based understanding of the environment is searching to find a way to improvement of environmental, social and ecological system of cities to the aims of sustainable development, especially countries. In this study, the effects of land use/cover and risk of land surface temperature (LST) in the coastal city of Bandar Abbas assessed by using satellite imaging data Terra ASTER for the years 2007 and 2011. After the processing required and using the heat equation, the surface temperature was prepared. Land use layers and harvesting of selected parts and also inferential statistical tests (Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficient) the relation between land use/cover and surface temperature was calculated. The results showed industrial areas, barren land of high temperature and high coastal areas due to the presence of water due to evaporation and transpiration from vegetation green leaf area of trees and shade temperatures were lower than those of other users. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - The effect of fennel extracted on the probiotic activities in the Drosophila melanogaster and study on the reproductive performance of male Drosophila melanogaster
ابوالحسن رضایی مسعود قانع شیدا اخشابیInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fer MoreInroduction & Objective: In the present study, the effect of fennel extract on Drosophila fertility and its role in probiotics were investigated.Probiotics with the activity of the gastrointestinal tract produce numerous vitamins and proteins that are needed for fertility in flies and in general in different organisms. Material and Method:Fennel extracts were divided into different concentrations. Concentrations containing 25, 50 and 75 mg / ml were added to the culture medium then the number of male spermatozoa were counted under light microscopy to be placed in A medium. Numbers of accessory gland cells, cell size and accessory gland size were observed by light microscopy. Also, accessory gland proteins were isolated and all data were analyzed by SPSS. PCR technique was also performed. Results: The mean number of sperm was 6440 and 3995, the number of accessory gland cells was 3502 and 1364, the size of accessory gland cells was 0.0675 and 0.0286 mm 2, the size of accessory gland was 0.339 and 0.391 cm 2, respectively. The protein of accessory gland 19/16 and 16/95 μg, respectively, were in the concentration of fennel (75 mg / ml) and concentration (25 mg / ml), respectively. The results of analysis showed that fennel had a significant effect on increasing fertility. It showed that a band of approximately 300 bp was observed on the gel. Conclusion: The results showed that when the higher concentration of fennel extract (75mg / ml) was used in the culture medium, the fertility rate in male Drosophila was higher than the lower concentration (25mg / ml) and in the control group. In the present study, the presence of probiotics indicates changes in the culture medium and its effect on fertility rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The Effect of Adding Different Level of Fennel Extracted on the Fertility of Drosophila melanogaster and its Effect on the Density of Probiotics in its Intestine Using Qreal-Time PCR Technique
ابوالحسن رضایی Masood Ghane sheida AkhshabiIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was MoreIInroduction & Objective:The aim of this study, was additive extraxted fennel in the medium for increasing reproductive performance, concentration of probiotices by using qRT-PCR technique.Materials and Methods:In the present study, fennel extracted was divided into different concentrations. Concentrations including 25, 50 and 75 µg /ml were added to the culture medium. In addition, a control sample was used to confirm the results. Parameters of mating latency and copulation duration, was measured by coronometr instrument. Fecundity and fertility also were count by Loop on the medium. The flies were studied for two months.Results: In this study, concentration of 25,50,75 µg/ ml and control group was used. The results showed concentration of 75µg/ml was significant decreasing mating latency and increasing copulation duration, fecundity and fertility parameters were showed. Moreover were confirmed lactobacilus brevis by PCR technique In addition using qRT-PCR technique and confirmed higher expression in 16srDNA when used 75µg/ml concentration.Conclusion: According to the present study, the higher fennel extracted has been effective on gene expression in probiotics and also on the reproductive performance of flies showed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Comparison of the effect of Haloperidol on changes of the ovarian tissue ultrastructure and the level of the sex steroid hormones in Trichogaster trichopterus
اورعی اورعی طاهره ناجی Homayon Hosseinzadeh sahafiIntroduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperi MoreIntroduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperidol. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of haloperidol and Morus alba L. leaf extract on steroid hormones and ovarian tissue ultrastructure in adult Trichogaster trichopterus fish.Materials and methods: 120 pieces of Trichogaster trichopterus adult female fish were obtained from the ornamental fish breeding workshop in Qazvin, and after preparing the aquariums, they were divided into 8 intact control groups and solvent control groups, and three groups of doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 2. 0 mg/kg of haloperidol drug and three groups of doses of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg of Morus alba L. leaf ethanol extract. Injections were done 10 times and every other day in a period of 20 days in the amount of 0.02 ml in the muscle between the dorsal fin and the lateral line of the fish. At the end of euthanasia of the fish, gonadosomatic index, steroid hormones and the ultrastructure of ovarian tissue were investigated in the treatment and control groups.Results: Haloperidol drug in all doses caused a significant decrease in gonadosomatic index, 17-beta estradiol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone hormones (P<0.05) and had no significant effect on testosterone hormone (P>0.05). While white mulberry leaf extract increased gonadosomatic index and steroid hormones (P<0.05).Conclusion: By increasing the dose of haloperidol, the level of gonadosomatic index and beta-estradiol decreased, but these effects were not dose-dependent. Also, the administration of , Morus alba L leaf ethanolic extract showed a less harmful effect on the level of sex hormones and gonadosomatic index than haloperidol. Nevertheless, it seems that the dose of 50-200 mg/kg is not sufficient and appropriate dose to observe the sexual effects of mulberry leaf plant and it is better to prescribe higher doses so that the dose-dependent effects can be observed better by increasing the concentration of flavonoids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Comparison the effect of melatonin and the selective inhibitor of serotonin reuptake citalopram drug on the ultrastructure of liver tissue and hepatic enzymes in Adult Female three-spotted gourami Fish (Trichogaster trichopterus)
Mohammadreza Pouravaz طاهره ناجی Homayon Hosseinzadeh sahafiBackground & Aims: Most of the various drugs that are used to treat various diseases are metabolized in the liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of melatonin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug citalopram on liver tissue ultrastr MoreBackground & Aims: Most of the various drugs that are used to treat various diseases are metabolized in the liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of melatonin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug citalopram on liver tissue ultrastructure and liver enzymes in adult female Trichogaster. Materials & Methods: For this purpose, 120 pieces of Trichogaster with an average weight of 4.23 ± 0.70 g divided into eight groups of 15, which included the control groups, solvent intact, three groups which received citalopram with a dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg and three treatment groups receiving melatonin with doses of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg. A dose of 0.02 ml of the drug was injected intramuscularly between the dorsal fin and the lateral line every other day for 10 times, over a period of 20 days. Then, the fish were euthanized and dissected. Results: The results showed that melatonin and citalopram had a significant effect on the level of all liver enzymes compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest levels of ALT, AST and ALP were measured after the injection of 20 mg/kg citalopram (P<0.05). In fish treated with the highest concentration of melatonin and all concentrations of citalopram, dissociation between hepatocytes and expansion of sinusoids occurred. Fat vacuoles were formed in high concentrations of melatonin and citalopram. Conclusion: Therefore, melatonin at a concentration of 100 mg/kg and citalopram at a concentration higher than 5 mg/kg have a negative effect on the ultrastructure of liver tissue and liver enzymes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - A Comparative Study on Anthropology from Viewpoint of Aziz Al-din Nasafi and Ancient Wisdom of Iran
Hassan Saeidi Safarali GhadiriAnthropology is an essential issue in the field ofhuman knowledge that different schools dealt with from different angles. The aim of this essay is to do a comparative study on this issue from the viewpoint of Nasafi and Zoroaster. This study is made by analytic method MoreAnthropology is an essential issue in the field ofhuman knowledge that different schools dealt with from different angles. The aim of this essay is to do a comparative study on this issue from the viewpoint of Nasafi and Zoroaster. This study is made by analytic method and by a reference to library sources. During the process of this study, by relying on Nasafi's and Zoroaster's works, we have come to realize that both sides of comparison have similarities, for instance, in the following issues: human being is created by God and has some aspects including spirit, soul, wisdom, and physical ones. Human being is a creature that has voluntary and volitional faculty. Good and evil are the result of his selection. Knowledge and action are constructor ofhis essence. Human being has a special capacity that other creatures do not have, and because of this existential capacity, he is the representative and divine caliph and the aid of creator (as Zoroaster says) in the world. Human being is the flower of the creation, and for this reality, the control and leadership of other creatures is given to him On the other hand, the writers reached some differences that result in distinction between two kinds of anthropology, for instance, there is no idea of instinct in the thoughts of Zoroaster, but in that of Nasafi’s,it clearly exists. In addition, the issue that to what extentis human knowledge concerning the origin of existence and how is it possible, and that can human being get to the core of the knowledge about the creator? Is what Nasafi clearly denies this kind of knowledge, whereas Zoroaster has nothing to say and keeps silent about it. Also, Nasafi looks at human behavior as a subject of religious law, and in his viewpoint, being bound over religious law is necessary in the stages of mystical journey. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Trends in Sufism:From the Beginning until the Fifth Century AH
Yalda BabaeiThe word Sufism is derived from Arabic and is the name of a tribe’s religion from the fact that it has been purified from ego and knows the objects of universe as a manifestation of God. From the first days of its creation until the fifth century, Sufism has undergone s MoreThe word Sufism is derived from Arabic and is the name of a tribe’s religion from the fact that it has been purified from ego and knows the objects of universe as a manifestation of God. From the first days of its creation until the fifth century, Sufism has undergone several changes. Sometimes it progressed and some other time it became inactivated. Sufism underwent through up and downs during its contemporary age and many Sufis dedicated their life to it. This survey studies Sufism and its changes from the first until the fifth centuries with an analytical method in order to emphasize the issue that the words Sufism and Sufi had entered in Islamic culture from the second century AH and the third century is accounted as the golden age of Sufism. Monastery establishment, woolen goods covering and sectarianism were common within this century. In the fourth century a general structure was created for Sufism. Not only were Poem and prose used for expressing Sufi’s ideas in the fifth century, but also Sufis benefited from the expression of freedom Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Zoroastrian Mysticism and Its Commonalities with Islamic Mysticism
علیاکبر افراسیابپورZaroastrianism is one of the most ancient religions that contain the principle and pure mystical beliefs having an enormaous impact on eastern and western religions. This article endeavors to both present fundamentals of mystical beliefs and recommend some titles for mo MoreZaroastrianism is one of the most ancient religions that contain the principle and pure mystical beliefs having an enormaous impact on eastern and western religions. This article endeavors to both present fundamentals of mystical beliefs and recommend some titles for more extensive studies respectively. The theory on Light and Darkness is from an existential and anthropological perspective assumed to be derived out of the commonalities of the above mentioned mysticism. Intellectual persons such as Ibn Yazdaniar Ormavy were conveyers of Zoroastrian mystical beliefs to Islamic mysticism. Zoroastrian light and fire known as love, beauty, and wisdom conlinue their lives. Mystical myths are also other sommonalities exising between Zoroastrian mysticism and that of Islam, especially Simorgh myth that is a perfect example. Khergheh and Sedreh are other evidences in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Refined Zigzag Theory for Nonlinear Dynamic Response of an Axially Moving Sandwich Nanobeam Embedded on Visco-Pasternak Medium Using MCST
A Ghorbanpour Arani M Abdollahian -
Open Access Article
88 - Analysis of Nonlinear Vibrations of Slightly Curved Tripled-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Resting on Elastic Foundations in a Magneto-Thermal Environment
M.G Sobamowo J.O Akanmu O.A Adeleye A.A Yinusa -
Open Access Article
89 - Dynamic Response of Bi-Directional Functionally Graded Materials (BDFGMs) Beams Rested on Visco-Pasternak Foundation Under Periodic Axial Force
A.A Ghorbanpour Arani S Niknejad A.A Abbasian Arani -
Open Access Article
90 - Static and Dynamic Stability Analysis of Thick CNT Reinforced Beams Resting on Pasternak Foundation Under Axial and Follower Forces
M Hosseini A Ghorbanpour Arani M karamizadeh Sh Niknejad A Hosseinpour -
Open Access Article
91 - Electro-Thermo-Dynamic Buckling of Embedded DWBNNT Conveying Viscous Fluid
A Ghorbanpour Arani M Hashemian -
Open Access Article
92 - Flow-Induced Instability Smart Control of Elastically Coupled Double-Nanotube-Systems
V Atabakhshian A Ghorbanpour Arani A.R Shajari S Amir -
Open Access Article
93 - Exact 3-D Solution for Free Bending Vibration of Thick FG Plates and Homogeneous Plate Coated by a Single FG Layer on Elastic Foundations
H Salehipour R Hosseini K Firoozbakhsh -
Open Access Article
94 - Free Vibrations of Three-Parameter Functionally Graded Plates Resting on Pasternak Foundations
J.E Jam S Kamarian A Pourasghar J Seidi -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigation of the Effect of Pre-Stressed on Vibration Frequency of Rectangular Nanoplate Based on a Visco-Pasternak Foundation
M Goodarzi M Mohammadi A Farajpour M Khooran -
Open Access Article
96 - Vibration Response of an Elastically Connected Double-Smart Nanobeam-System Based Nano-Electro-Mechanical Sensor
A Ghorbanpour Arani S.A Mortazavi R Kolahchi A.H Ghorbanpour Arani -
Open Access Article
97 - Small Scale Effect on the Vibration of Orthotropic Plates Embedded in an Elastic Medium and Under Biaxial In-plane Pre-load Via Nonlocal Elasticity Theory
M Mohammadi M Goodarzi M Ghayour S Alivand -
Open Access Article
98 - Nonlinear Nonlocal Vibration of an Embedded Viscoelastic Y-SWCNT Conveying Viscous Fluid Under Magnetic Field Using Homotopy Analysis Method
A Ghorbanpour Arani M.Sh Zarei -
Open Access Article
99 - Nonlocal Vibration of Embedded Coupled CNTs Conveying Fluid Under Thermo-Magnetic Fields Via Ritz Method
A Ghorbanpour Arani S Amir -
Open Access Article
100 - Axial and Transverse Vibration of SWBNNT System Coupled Pasternak Foundation Under a Moving Nanoparticle Using Timoshenko Beam Theory
A Ghorbanpour Arani A Karamali Ravandi M.A Roudbari M.B Azizkhani A Hafizi Bidgoli -
Open Access Article
101 - Closed-form Solution of Dynamic Displacement for SLGS Under Moving the Nanoparticle on Visco-Pasternak Foundation
A Ghorbanpour Arani A Shiravand S Amir -
Open Access Article
102 - Nonlocal Bending Analysis of Bilayer Annular/Circular Nano Plates Based on First Order Shear Deformation Theory
Sh Dastjerdi M Jabbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
103 - Viscous Fluid Flow-Induced Nonlocal Nonlinear Vibration of Embedded DWBNNTs
A Ghorbanpour Arani Z Khoddami Maraghi R Kolahchi M Mohammadimehr -
Open Access Article
104 - Investigation of the tolerance of promising lines of durum wheat and two wheat cultivars to E. integriceps in Neyshabur
isa jabaleh Ghazaleh Eshaghi Majid TaherianThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a ra MoreThe Sunn pest, E. integriceps, is the most important pest of wheat fields in Iran. In order to investigate the lines of Durum wheat in terms of resistance to E. integriceps, was conducted experimental in 2016, Neyshabour Research Center. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of 20 genotype: 18 lines of durum wheat, two cultivars of Dena control and Parsi wheat cultivar. According to the results, the highest number of overwintered adults of E. integriceps was located in genotype 1 (Dena wheat) and the lowest in genotypes 12, 2 (Persian wheat) and 16. The highest number of damaged leaves was in genotype 11 and the lowest number was in genotypes 16, 10 and 6. Investigating the traits of number of sprouts showed that genotypes number 1 and 6 had the highest and lowest number of buds respectively. The days to spike emergence and number of days to physiological treatment were affected by the treatments. The highest number of days until the appearance of spike was genotype number 18 and the least of these traits were genotypes number 9, 1, 11 and 14. The maximum length of peduncle was recorded in genotypes Number 11, 9 and 15, and the lowest peduncle length was observed in genotypes1 (Dana), 16, 18 and 19. There was no significant difference between the 20 genotypes in terms of yield, biological yield and harvest index. Genotypes 1, 13 and 18, along with the important indices of Yp, Ys and GMP in the region with high production potential and low sensitivity to E. integriceps Genotypes adjacent to SSI and TOL sensitivity indexes (Genotyp 4) are also low 1000 seeds weight. Weight of 1000 grains in non-activity of E. integriceps condition (Yp) had a positive and significant correlation with geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yield index (YI). Weight of 1000 seeds in terms of activity of E. integriceps (YS), was a positive and significant correlation with all indices. Accordingly, the mean of productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI) and yeild index (YI) were the only indices that showed a positive and significant correlation with grain yield in terms of E. integriceps activity and E. integriceps inactivity. Finally, within the scope of the study, three genotypes 1, 13 and 18 were sunn pest tolerant genotypes in Neyshabur region and genotypes 4, 7 and 15 were susceptible to sunn pest with lowest 1000 seeds weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The first report of the genus Asternolaelaps and family Ichthyostomatogasteridae (Acari : Mesostigmata) from Iran
Hadi Ostovan Gholamreza BeyzaviDuring 2010, a faunistic study was conducted to collect and identify the edaphic mites associated with oak trees in south of Kamfiruz region (Fars province). A new species of the genus Asternolaelaps belonginig to family Ichthyostomatogasteridae (Acari : Mesostigm MoreDuring 2010, a faunistic study was conducted to collect and identify the edaphic mites associated with oak trees in south of Kamfiruz region (Fars province). A new species of the genus Asternolaelaps belonginig to family Ichthyostomatogasteridae (Acari : Mesostigmata) was collected and identified. This family and genus are new records for mite fauna of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Cassida palaestina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a new record for the chrysomelid fauna of Iran
Hossein Moradian Hadi Ostovan Mostafa HaghaniSamples of the tortoise beetles genus Cassida were collected on Centaurea behen L. across Gachsaran district during a 2-year period between 2008 and 2009. The beetle was identified as Cassida palaestina Reiche. This species is recorded for the first time from Iran and c MoreSamples of the tortoise beetles genus Cassida were collected on Centaurea behen L. across Gachsaran district during a 2-year period between 2008 and 2009. The beetle was identified as Cassida palaestina Reiche. This species is recorded for the first time from Iran and considered an important natural control agent feeding on weedy herbs such as Centaurea behen L. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Diversity of morphometric characteristics of Eurygaster integriceps in Kurdistan Province
Javad NAZEMI RAFIE Mostafa MANSOURGHAZI Sara SALEHIThe wheat bug, Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the major wheat pests causing high yield loss in terms of wheat production in the Iran. Morphometric differentiations may explain biogeographic distinctions among populations of a given species. MoreThe wheat bug, Eurygaster integriceps (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the major wheat pests causing high yield loss in terms of wheat production in the Iran. Morphometric differentiations may explain biogeographic distinctions among populations of a given species. The shape variations of female and male adults were evaluated by 12 morphometric indexes. Sampling was conducted in May and July of 2012 in Kurdistan Province. 30 samples of female adults and 30 samples of male adults were sampled from each of selected areas (sum 600 samples from 10 areas). Results showed that female adults divided to three clusters. Female adults were larger than male adults. Female population collected from Ghorve area had the maximum length (12.11±0.05) and width (7.64±0.03) of body, length (3.3±0.02) and width (7.27±0.02) of pronotum and width of scutellum (5.25±0.02 mm). Results of discriminant analysis (DFA) showed that female adults can differentiate populations (36.7%) more that male adults (32.7%). cluster analysis differentiated female and male populations completely by UPGMA method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Effect of juvenile hormone inhibitors on mature nymph of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), in vitro
F. Kafi Farashah R. Vafaei-Shoushtari H. Farazmand Gh. Golmohammadi E. SanatgarThe Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the most important pest of wheat in Iran and some neighboring countries. The nymphs and adults cause sever quantitative and qualitative damage by feeding on leaves, stems and grains. Unfor MoreThe Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the most important pest of wheat in Iran and some neighboring countries. The nymphs and adults cause sever quantitative and qualitative damage by feeding on leaves, stems and grains. Unfortunately, pesticide application is the main method of the sunn pest control, so finding the alternative methods are important. Precocene which is a juvenile hormone inhibitor, exerts cytotoxic effects on corpora allata of insects species, resulting necrosis of parenchymal cells, the source of juvenile hormone. At laboratory studies, precocene I and precocene II with different concentrations (0, 20, 25, 32, 40 and 50 μg) were applied topically to the thoracic surface of the fifth instar nymphs. The results showed that percent mortality increased with increasing concentrations of the hormones. The highest mortality (50%) was observed in concentration of 50 μg precocene II. Treated nymphs with precocene I and II led to appearing of deformed insects in fifth instar and adults. Also, the morphological abnormalities such as strong deformation of wings and hemelytron and persistence of old cuticles were observed. Increasing nymphal period was also resulted using precocenes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Efficiency of 1x1 meter quadrat for estimating of over-wintered adults of Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Hem., Scutelleridae) populations in rainfed wheat field
A. Mohseni AminThis research was carried out to evaluate different aspects of one square meter quadrat size to estimate sunn pest over-wintered adults, Eurygaster integriceps Put.(Hem., Scutelleridae) in rainfed wheat field of Borujerd, north of Lorestan province, Iran, during 2003 an MoreThis research was carried out to evaluate different aspects of one square meter quadrat size to estimate sunn pest over-wintered adults, Eurygaster integriceps Put.(Hem., Scutelleridae) in rainfed wheat field of Borujerd, north of Lorestan province, Iran, during 2003 and 2004. Iwao’s regression had higher determination coefficients (r2=0.93) and showed a better fit as compared to r2 values calculated by Taylor’s power law (r2=0.86). Iwao’s patchiness regression slope (β=1.07±0.05) was not significantly larger than 1.0. Consequently, random dispersion pattern was determined for over-wintered adults in rainfed wheat fields. Therefore, Kuno’s fixed precision sequential sampling scheme based on Iwao’s parameters was constructed for overwintered adults of E. integriceps. An additional nine independent data sets, was used to validate the fixed-precision sequential sampling plans with resampling software of RVSP. Sample size curves indicated that estimating over-wintered adult population in rainfed field can be accomplished with a few sampling efforts when population is >2 insects per quadrat. For example only six samples need to be taken for the over-wintered adults, on average to achieve a precision of 0.25 (Dexp=0.25) when =3 insects per quadrat. However, sample sizes increase suddenly when population density is less than 0.3 insects per quadrat. Based on these results, 1*1m quadrat is not recommended to estimate number of over-wintered adults in rainfed wheat field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Distribution and geochemical variations among paleogene volcanic rocks from the north-central Lut block, eastern Iran
Saeed Saadat Charles SternThe Lut block in eastern Iran is a micro-continental block within the convergent orogen between the Arabian, Eurasian and Indian plates. Large areas of the north-central, eastern, and western Lut block are covered by volcanic rocks of Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary a MoreThe Lut block in eastern Iran is a micro-continental block within the convergent orogen between the Arabian, Eurasian and Indian plates. Large areas of the north-central, eastern, and western Lut block are covered by volcanic rocks of Paleogene, Neogene and Quaternary age. Peak volcanic activity took place in the north-central part of the Lut block during the Eocene, and then dramatically decreased, becoming more restricted to the eastern and western margins of the block during the late Miocene and Quaternary. There is also significant variation in chemistry between the Paleogene igneous rocks from the north-central part compared to the Neogene and Quaternary volcanic rocks from the western and eastern margins of the Lut block. The Neogene and Quaternary olivine basalts, which were erupted along both margins of the Lut block, are similar in trace element chemistry to the average composition of oceanic island basalt. In contrast, the Paleogene volcanic units of the north-central Lut block, which include basalts through rhyolites, follow both calc-alkaline and alkaline trends. Low TiO2 and high Ba/Nb and La/Nb ratios for both Paleogene basalts and andesitic samples from the north-central Lut block suggest affinities, at least for some of these samples, with convergent plate boundary arc magmas. LILE/HFSE ratios, interpreted as an indication of subduction signature, increase to the south-southwest of the central Lut block, where Neotethys oceanic crust was subducted beneath Iran in a northeastern direction from approximately Late Triassic to Late Oligocene time. We suggest that components derived from low angle subduction of this crust during the Mesozoic and early Tertiary were stored in the mantle lithosphere below the north-central Lut block until the Paleogene, when changing subduction geometry, associated with the collision of Arabia with Iran and the closing of Neotethys, caused hot asthenosphere to well up under the Lut block. This created the Eocene peak in volcanic activity, generating basalts from asthenospheric mixed with lithospheric melts, with both alkaline and calc-alkaline affinities. After this volcanism waned, becoming restricted during the Neogene to OIB-type alkaline basalts erupted through deep lithospheric structures along both the western and eastern margins of the Lut block. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Microbiostratigraphy of the lower Cretaceous strata from South East of Maragheh, NW Iran
Mahmoud Reza Majidifard Parvaneh Zavar Morteza Taherpour Khalil Abad Masoud Zamani Pedram Taiebeh Mohtat -
Open Access Article
112 - Delineation of hydrothermal alteration zones for porphyry systems utilizing ASTER data in Jebal-Barez area, SE Iran
Sara Fakhari Alireza jafarirad Peyman Afzal Mohammad Lotfi -
Open Access Article
113 - Resources classification using fractal modelling in Eastern Kahang Cu-Mo porphyry deposit, Central Iran
Amir Bijan Yasrebi Ardashir Hezarkhani -
Open Access Article
114 - Sedimentological and provenance analysis of the Cretaceous Moro formation Rakhi Gorge, Eastern Sulaiman Range, Pakistan
Muhammad Khan Shahid Ghazi Mubashir Mehmood Abdollah Yazdi Abbas Ali Naseem Umair Serwar Arsalan Zaheer Hadayat Ullah -
Open Access Article
115 - Strain geometry and structural analysis of the Oshnavieh ophiolite (NW Iran): A new segment of the Neo-Tethys puzzle
Majid Niromand Mahdi Behyari Yousef Rahimsouri -
Open Access Article
116 - Pierced salt domes in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros mountain ranges in southern Iran and their relationship to hydrocarbon and basement tectonics
J. Rahnama-Rad G. Farhoudi H. Ghorbani Sh. Habibi Mood R. DerakhshaniThe most enigmatic problems with the nearly 200 salt domes pierced in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges (ZMR) in southern Iran, a unique morphology in the world, have been the matter of this study, which is based on a combination of field work, enhancem MoreThe most enigmatic problems with the nearly 200 salt domes pierced in the Persian Gulf and in the Zagros Mountain Ranges (ZMR) in southern Iran, a unique morphology in the world, have been the matter of this study, which is based on a combination of field work, enhancement of satellite and aerial photographs etc. In the ZMR, structural anomalies are frequently associated with similar facies distribution patterns. In the eastern portion of the region, emergent salt plugs of Infra-Cambrian age exhibit the same alignment patterns. Such trends bear no apparent genetic relationship to the Tertiary folding responsible for the present Zagros fold belt, but rather indicate their affinity with linear basement features which are readily observable on Land sat imagery and aerial photographs. Bending of anticlines in the competent cover rock, combined with minor strike-slip faults and horizontal displacements of parts of folded structures, strongly point to the presence of these basement faults. The salt plugs, which have pierced cover rocks of up to 10000 m thick, are distributed on the Arabian Platform along regional basement faults. The area of diapir outcrops is bounded by the Oman Line to the east and by the Kazerun fault to the west. Pieces of the basement have been brought up to the surface on some of the salt domes. The fragments were transported by rotational ascent of the Hormuz Salt Formation to the present and former land surfaces. The recognition of features related to basement tectonics and realization of their implication in the control and modification of geological processes are important adjuncts to the search for hydrocarbon accumulations in this region. To our best knowledge, data of basement faults in the study area are scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine basement faults and their relation to salt dome distribution. Considering the fold axes bending, the trend of the salt plugs and also the distribution of epicenters of the last century, numerous new basement faults are introduced in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Remote Sensing and Land Use Extraction for Kernel Functions Analysis by Support Vector Machines with ASTER Multispectral Imagery
E. Akbari N. Amiri H. AziziLand use is being considered as an element in determining land change studies, environmental planning and natural resource applications. The Earth’s surface Study by remote sensing has many benefits such as, continuous acquisition of data, broad regional coverage, MoreLand use is being considered as an element in determining land change studies, environmental planning and natural resource applications. The Earth’s surface Study by remote sensing has many benefits such as, continuous acquisition of data, broad regional coverage, cost effective data, map accurate data, and large archives of historical data. To study land use / cover, remote sensing as an efficient technology, is always desired by experts. In this case, classification could be considered as one of the most important methods of extracting information from digital satellite images. Selecting the best classification method and applying the proper values for parameters extremely influence the trust level of extracted land use maps. This research is an applied study which attempts to introduce Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification method, a recent development from the machine learning community. Moreover, we prove its potential for structure–activity relationship analysis on Aster multispectral data of central county of Kabodar-Ahang region in Hamedan, Iran. Accuracy of SVMs method is varied by the type of kernel functions and its parameters. The purpose of this research is to find the accuracy of Land use extraction by SVM method by Polynomial and radial basis functions kernel with their estimated optimum parameters in addition to compare the results with Maximum Likelihood method. Most of the scientists imply that Maximum Likelihood method is suitable for classification. Therefore, we try to compare SVM with ML method and to deliberate the efficiency of this new method in classification progress on Aster multispectral data. The accuracy of SVM method by Polynomial and radial basis functions kernel with optimum parameters and ML classification methods achieved 93.18%, 91.77% and 88.35 % respectively as an overall accuracy. By comparing the accuracy of these methods, SVM method by Polynomial kernel was evaluated as suitable. Therefore, we can suggest using SVM method especially with the use of Polynomial kernel to determine land use. In general, the results of this research are very practical in natural resources conservation planning and studies. Also, this study verifies the effectiveness and robustness of SVMs in the classification of remotely sensed images. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones in Moalleman, Iran by Remote Sensing and Index Overlay Technique in GIS
Shayan Ghodratabadi Faranak FeiziWater plays a vital role in the development of activities in an area. The surface water resources are inadequate to fulfill the water demand. Productivity through groundwater is quite high as compared to surface water, but groundwater resources have not yet been properl MoreWater plays a vital role in the development of activities in an area. The surface water resources are inadequate to fulfill the water demand. Productivity through groundwater is quite high as compared to surface water, but groundwater resources have not yet been properly exploited. Keeping this view, the present study attempts to select and delineate various groundwater potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in Moalleman, using the remote sensing and GIS technique. Satellite images such as Landsat 8, Aster and SRTM DEM data have been used in the present study to prepare various thematic maps for the study area, such as geology, geomorphology, soil hydrological group, land use/land cover, and drainage maps. According to the relative contribution of each of these maps towards groundwater potential, the weight of each thematic map has been selected. Furthermore, within each thematic map ranking has been made for each of the features. All the thematic maps have been registered with one another through integrated step-by-step using the normalized aggregation method in GIS for computing groundwater potential index. Based on this final weight and ranking, the groundwater potential zones have been delineated. Thus from the present study it has been observed that an integrated approach involving remote sensing and GIS technique can be successfully used in identifying potential groundwater zones in the study area. Five categories of groundwater potential zones: excellent, very good, good, moderate and poor have been demarcated. Major portions of the study area have “good” or “moderate” prospects, while a few scattered areas have poor prospects. The excellent potential areas are mainly concentrated along the shore line. This groundwater potential information is useful to effectively identify suitable locations to extract water. Lastly, the final map has been overlaid with the map of springs and qanats for comparison and rolling as a checkpoint. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Reading of Developments in Comprehensive Urban Plans-Review of the Iranian Experience (Limitations and problems from Master Plan to Strategic-Structural Plan)
Elham Lashkari Mehrshad Khalaj -
Open Access Article
120 - A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Master's Theses in Education of Mazandaran province
مریم تقوایی یزدی The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the More The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the qualitative section of the research were the experts of the scientific community and academic specialists and in the quantitative section, all the dissertations of the graduates of the Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch with a total of 3367 dissertations which have been presented in five trends of the Department of Educational Sciences in the academic years of 2011-2020. The sampling method was stratified random. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table. Structured interviews (10 questions) were used to collect qualitative data. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on the criteria extracted from the qualitative stage. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the data collection tool. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U, Friedman rankings and utility tests via Spss23 software. The results showed that among 18 sections of master's theses reviewed, the conclusion section was in a less favorable condition and the sections (abstract, problem statement, research objectives, etc.) were in a relatively good condition and finally, the sections of the title, keywords, introduction, statistical population, sample and sampling, appendices and principles of correct writing were in the desired condition. In fact, according to the mean rank, the greatest weakness is in the sections of conclusion, problem statement and the significance of research, respectively, and the strongest point of dissertations have been in the sections of keywords, appendices and research methodologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The effect of mastery learning method on the academic performance and academic achievement motivation of the elementary school students
Shekofe ZareIntroduction: The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of mastery learning method on the academic performance and academic achievement motivation of the elementary school students. research methodology: The research method is quasi-experimental, wi MoreIntroduction: The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of mastery learning method on the academic performance and academic achievement motivation of the elementary school students. research methodology: The research method is quasi-experimental, with a pre-test, post-test design with an experimental and control group. The statistical population included all primary school students of Marvdasht city. To determine the sample size, 120 students were selected by cluster random method and replaced in two experimental (60 people) and control (60 people) groups. The measurement tools in this research were Hermans achievement motivation questionnaire and Pham and Taylor academic performance questionnaire, whose content and form validity have been confirmed and the reliability of the questionnaire of motivation for achievement and academic performance has been obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85 and 0.79, respectively. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics, which at the level of descriptive statistics; frequency, mean and standard deviation, and at the level of inferential statistics, analysis of covariance test were used. Findings: There is a significant difference between the academic performance and academic achievement motivation of the two experimental and control groups in the post-test stage (p ≥ 0.001), in other words, the mastery learning method has a significant effect on the academic performance and academic achievement motivation of the students. Mastery learning method has had a significant effect on the components of academic performance. That is, 80% of the total variance or individual differences in the self-efficacy component, 38% in the emotional effects component, 73% in the planning component, 60% in the lack of control component and 67% in the motivation component is the difference between the two groups. The mastery learning method has had a significant effect on increasing the motivation of academic progress [F=25.896, p<0.001)]. Conclusion: The result indicated that the mastery learning method is effective in increasing academic performance and academic motivation. The mastery learning method is effective in the components of academic performance. The mastery learning method is effective in the motivational components of academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - The Comparative Study of Divine trial Tradition in Holly Quran and Moulana Mathnawi
tahereh shakerianThe Comparative Study of Divine trial Tradition in Holly Quran and Moulana Mathnawi Abstract The tradition of trial is one of the legal divine rules that make efficient transfer on human blest and felicity transfer on human blast and felicity the purpose of a comparativ MoreThe Comparative Study of Divine trial Tradition in Holly Quran and Moulana Mathnawi Abstract The tradition of trial is one of the legal divine rules that make efficient transfer on human blest and felicity transfer on human blast and felicity the purpose of a comparative study of divine trial tradition in holly Quran and Moulana Mathnawi notion. The divine trial is a constant due which reminds its extensive frequency in Holly Quran and Moulana Mathnawi. All humans in each stand for evolution and eminence even prophits donot make except from individual, tribal, family and grouping trials. The result depicts that there is a key word that the main plot of all divine trials is in both above mentioned traces and that word is “self”. The purpose of every trial is to recognize ”self” its capacity, evolution and eminence to return to its main origin. Keywords: Mathnawi, Moulana, Holly Quran, Trial, Plight, Sedition, Disaster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Examining the components of urban resilience with an emphasis on natural disasters (floods) in Tabriz city, a case study of areas 2, 3, 4 and 7 of Tabriz city.
Reza ghasemi Ganje Lo bakhtyar ezatpanahThe concept of resilience is rapidly developing in cities. Developing an evaluation framework to assess the resilience of urban areas can be an effective way to use resilience issues in the urban planning process. Based on the objective of the research "examining the co MoreThe concept of resilience is rapidly developing in cities. Developing an evaluation framework to assess the resilience of urban areas can be an effective way to use resilience issues in the urban planning process. Based on the objective of the research "examining the components of urban resilience with an emphasis on natural disasters (floods) in the city of Tabriz", the problem of this research is to measure the level of resilience in the dimensions of urban and social, economic, institutional and physical management in order to deal with the effects of natural disasters. flood) in the city of Tabriz and the practical explanation of the role of resilience or strengthening the resilience of the factors and components that explain the existing situation. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey. In this regard, the statistical population of the research is the population of areas 2, 3, 4 and 7 of Tabriz city, and the sample size is 382 residents of Tabriz city. According to the data collection, statistical methods of median, mode, average, test (On sample T-test) and SPSS software were used for statistical analysis. ANP model was used to investigate the status of the studied areas of Tabriz city in relation to the state of urban resilience. According to the findings of the research, it was found that urban management is not in a favorable position in urban resilience in the face of natural flood disasters, and it was also found that the prioritization of resilience components and their application at the time of natural disasters in the return of the studied areas of Tabriz city It is effective to the situation before the flood. Also, the regions (2, 3, 4 and 7) of Tabriz city are in a different state of resilience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Studying the Alternations of Iron Ore by Remote Sensing of Kamoo Region (Mimeh, Isfahan)
jahangir esmaeili Ahmad Khakzad Mehrdad Behzadi Mansour Vothoughi AbediIt is one of the prone areas where following the explorations of metal indices such as iron in the northern east of Kamoo district (Maimeh, Isfahan) is located in the in longitude E51,16,58 and latitude N33,40,16. Dividing the structural ones, the studied area has been MoreIt is one of the prone areas where following the explorations of metal indices such as iron in the northern east of Kamoo district (Maimeh, Isfahan) is located in the in longitude E51,16,58 and latitude N33,40,16. Dividing the structural ones, the studied area has been located in the central Iran and in Makmaei Uromieh- Dokhtar zone. This range has been located in a scene ETM No. 164 - 37 and ASTER linear bad prediction satellite image No. AST_L1A:002:ASTL1A 0108220733380109011021. Such measured images in different band combinations will be used for extracting the geological structures and types of alterations (iron oxide, Argillite and Carbonate) and for detecting different stones and minerals of the ground, a spectrum range of 1.5 to 2.5 μ is very important. This range includes short to average IR range covering six linear band predictions (SWTR bands). According to results of XRD analysis, Albite, andradite, chlorite, gibbsite and Moscuit minerals and silica alterations were also dissociated. On the other side, to use spectral reflectance curves of such minerals in USGSENVI spectral library for spectral analysis, it is necessary to resample the curves to the spectral range of ASTER. Linear Band Prediction methods, LS-Fit, Matched Filtering and BandRATIO used of ASTER images for all minerals and iron alterations and for iron oxides there were also used visual interpretations and ETM images were used in band combination of RGB:531. The resalts identified in the remote sensing study in the aera (Kamoo) identide as follows : Alteration of iron (Gotit, Hematit and jarosit and limotit), alteration of argilic (maolinite, mottmoriolotit, ilite and halozite), carbonate (calcite and dolomite) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Comparison of methods of seismic hazard assessment, case study: Dasht-e-Bayaz area, E Iran
Akbar Irannejad Parizi Majid Nemati Vahid Jafari Najme SifiDasht-e-Bayaz region is one of the most seismically active areas in eastern Iran, which has relatively long and active faults. 1968 and 1979 catastrophic earthquakes (MW>7.0) in this area show that the area has experienced significant damages. Using existing maps inc MoreDasht-e-Bayaz region is one of the most seismically active areas in eastern Iran, which has relatively long and active faults. 1968 and 1979 catastrophic earthquakes (MW>7.0) in this area show that the area has experienced significant damages. Using existing maps including active faults map and satellite images and Seismological catalog of International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, seismotectonic map was prepared and seismic hazard was investigated using deterministic and probabilistic methods. Also, for AHP method, special questionnaire was designed, which answered with seismologists and the seismic hazard was evaluated using AHP method. The deterministic and probabilistic results show that there is probability of occurrence of an earthquake with magnitude of 7.6 during a 20-year period in Dasht-e-Bayaz and Qaen regions. Also, using the two above methods the highest risk is related to Ferdows thrust fault within the investigated active faults in the Dasht-e Bayaz-Qaen area. Although, the AHP method, which considers hypocentral and epicentral distances of the earthquakes, mechanism of the faults and kind of the bedrock, introduces Dasht-e-Bayaz fault region as a high risk area Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Fe-mineralization in the East-anomaly of Sangan deposit NE of Iran
Mohammad Yazdi مهرداد Behzadi Mahdi Haji-AliThe Sangan iron deposit is composed of Western, Central and Eastern anomaly. The Eastern anomaly,contrary to those two other anomalies, is composed of several scattered mineralization outcrops withlow total reserve. Sarnowsar is the main intrusive body that has been int MoreThe Sangan iron deposit is composed of Western, Central and Eastern anomaly. The Eastern anomaly,contrary to those two other anomalies, is composed of several scattered mineralization outcrops withlow total reserve. Sarnowsar is the main intrusive body that has been intruded in to the north ofEastern anomaly of Sangan iron deposit. It has monzogranitic composition. Mineralogical andchemical properties of this monzogranite is I-type, calk-alkaline with high K. It belongs to magmaticcontinental arc setting and subduction zones. The Fe mineralization in this area is related to EoceneOligocene magmatism and its magmatic and hydrothermal fluids.In the Eastern Anomaly, two types of mineralization were distinguished: 1- the magnetite skarnmineralization (high temperature) in the contact of granite and limestone or dolomitic limestone, 2-wellastonite, chlorite, hematite and goethite hydrothermal mineralization (low temperature) with orwithout barite mineralization within dolomitic limestone, calcareous sandstone and acidic volcanicrocks. In the first type, magnetite with minor pyrite and chalcopyrite as well as gangue minerals suchas forsterite, garnet, clinopyroxene, tremolite-actinolite, scapolite, phlogopite, epidote, chlorite, quartzand carbonate have been observed in the forms of massive, lens-like (parallel with limestone layers),lamination and vein-type. In the second type, mineralization has been occurred in the form of irregularmassive (centimeters to meters), replacement, disseminated, void and breccias matrix filling, vein,veinlet and stockwork, depending on the wall rock type and area structures. They are accompaniedwith alterations such as dolomitization, silicification, sericitization, carbonatization and rarelytoumalinization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of group training based on Guttman cognitive-systemic couple therapy training and McMaster model training on communication patterns
Dina Abdollahi Farshad Mohsenzade Aboutaleb Seadatee ShamirPurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group training based on Guttman cognitive-systemic couple therapy and McMaster model training on communication patterns. The research design was experimental with control group and random assignment. Met MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group training based on Guttman cognitive-systemic couple therapy and McMaster model training on communication patterns. The research design was experimental with control group and random assignment. Methodologhy: Statistical sample was selected by available sampling method from conflicting couples referring to private counseling and psychology centers in Tehran, Region 2 and 3. Couples were randomly assigned to three groups of couples therapy experiments with Guttman approach, experimental couples therapy group based on McMaster approach and control group. First, a pre-test was performed on all three groups with communication model questionnaires. Then, each of the experimental groups underwent ten sessions of couples therapy training based on Guttman theory, couple therapy therapy based on McMaster theory. At the end of the training sessions, post-test was taken from all three groups. In order to evaluate the duration of the training, one month after the training, both experimental groups were retested. Findings: The results showed that Guttman systemic-cognitive couple therapy training and McMaster model training improved communication patterns in conflicting couples. Conclusion: In general, there was no difference between the effectiveness of Guttmann's systemic-cognitive couple therapy training and Maxmaster model couple therapy training on communication patterns of conflicting couples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Investigating and analyzing the similarities of Mazdisna wisdom and Friedrich Nietzsche's self-founded attitude
Saeed Mohammadi kish The religion of Mazdisna is one of the oldest religions in the world, which, despite the abandonment of the Avestan and Pahlavi languages and scripts, has long been considered by human schools and teachings. The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche was not depri More The religion of Mazdisna is one of the oldest religions in the world, which, despite the abandonment of the Avestan and Pahlavi languages and scripts, has long been considered by human schools and teachings. The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche was not deprived of the philosophy and wisdom of Zoroastrianism even after many centuries and extensive social changes in the life of mankind, and it seems that many of his words are influenced by this religion. The present study examines the similarities between these two rituals and philosophical methods in a descriptive-comparative way. The result of this research strengthens the possibility of the connection and influence of Mazdisna's religion on Nietzsche's views, so that in representing the self-founded subject of Nietzsche, the will in an anonymous inner vision is focused on power. The interpretation which in Mazdisna is called Emshaspandan sale, and just as they are the spiritual forms of the world of creation, in Nietzsche's world, objects are manifestations of the truth of their essence. The main focus of Nietzsche's thought is to create and build a world free of long-standing presuppositions and superstitions.As heresy has been the highest desire of the Prophet Mazdista in Avestan Iran.One of Nietzsche's approaches is the emergence of new ideas and the sinking of incompatible ideas. Also, from the Zoroastrian point of view, the Fravehars of the living are stronger than the Forouhars of the dead. In two approaches, the superman or Sushyant is the immortal and last creation who will make the world free from the evil of lies and man immortal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Comparison of Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Put., resistance in barley in Neyshabour
isa jabaleh roya Askari majid TaherianBarley is one of the world's main sources of nutrients for human and animal, and E. integriceps is one of the most important pests reducing its yield. This study was conducted on different barley genotypes to identify the genotypes that are resistant to Sunn pest. The s MoreBarley is one of the world's main sources of nutrients for human and animal, and E. integriceps is one of the most important pests reducing its yield. This study was conducted on different barley genotypes to identify the genotypes that are resistant to Sunn pest. The study was a randomized complete block design with three replications that was conducted in 2016 and 2017 in Neyshabour Agricultural Research Center. The results showed that the highest number of E. integriceps was recorded in genotype 3 and the lowest number of E. integriceps was related to genotypes 2 and 6. Genotype 13, with the important indices of grain yield under non-stress condition (Yp) and genotype 10, with the important indices of grain yield under stress condition (Ys) in the region, were identified to have high yield potential and low sensitivity to E. integriceps. Yp had a positive and significant correlation with the mean of productivity (MP), geometric mean (GMP), and stress tolerance index (STI). YS had a positive and significant correlation with all indices except stress susceptibility index (SSI) and tolerance index (TOL). Therefore, the MP, GMP, and STI were the only indices that showed a positive and significant correlation with Yp and Ys. In conclusion, based on the results of this study, genotype 20 can be nominated as a E. integriceps-resistant genotype in Neishabour region. Genotype 1 can also be reported as a sensitive genotype to E. integriceps with low yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Parasitoid flies of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps and their parasitism in cereal fields of Alshtar area of Lorestan province
habib Habbasipour sattar Ahmadi JavanmardABSTRACT One of the most important pests in the Alshtar region is the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemipterta: Scutelleridae). This pest infests a large part of the wheat fields each year, and more specifically its damage during the years when the drought oc MoreABSTRACT One of the most important pests in the Alshtar region is the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemipterta: Scutelleridae). This pest infests a large part of the wheat fields each year, and more specifically its damage during the years when the drought occurs. The population of the sunn pest, like other insects, is affected by biotic factors or natural enemies, including predators, parasitoids, and pathogens. In this research, adult parasitic flies of the nymph and adult stages of E. integriceps in wheat fields of Alshtar region were collected and identified. In total, three species of parasitoid flies of the family Tachinidae and subfamily Phasiinae were identified including Elomya lateralis (Meigen, 1824), Phasia subcoleopterata (Linné, 1767) and Eliozeta helluo (Fabricius, 1805). The results of parasitism in adult stage of the sunn pest by parasitoid flies showed adult flies were emerged from their hosts from the first decade of May to the second decade of June. So that the highest rate of percentage of parasitism in both years (2015-17) was observed in the second and third decades of May. In these dates, the population of E. helluo species was higher than the other two species. The total parasitism by these tree species was estimated to be about 60%. Due to the fact that a wide range of cultivated lands of this region is dedicated to wheat cultivation, the results can be considered as a small step in the management of the sunn pest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Providing Nanofiber Membrane of Nylon-6 Master-batch, Ag, Chitosan, Rosemary, and Investigating the Anti-oxidant and Antimicrobial effect for Packaging in Food Industries
Farideh HaddadIn the present research, nylon 6-silver (NS)/ Chitosan (CS)/Rosemary master-batch nanofibers was provided in order to be used in packaging food. Morphology and structure of the nanofibers was investigated using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transfor MoreIn the present research, nylon 6-silver (NS)/ Chitosan (CS)/Rosemary master-batch nanofibers was provided in order to be used in packaging food. Morphology and structure of the nanofibers was investigated using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial activity of synthetic nanofibers was evaluated for E. Coli and S. Aureus bacteria. The antioxidant activity of oxidant glucose of glucose oxidase and Rosemary as well as the function of the provided membranes in packaging and maintaining strawberry was investigated. Morphology and diameter of synthetic nanofibers were determined with SEM images. According to the results of the carried out investigations on the deterrent effect of silver on the activity of glucose oxidase of 70/30 NS-CS sample was selected as the optimum for subsequent studies, and based on the results, the highest enzyme activity (79.5%) with 0.05 grams of glucose oxidase was obtained. The antibacterial test of the membranes showed the perfect antibacterial activity of such membranes against the negative and gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In addition, the FTIR spectroscopy approved the presence of glucose oxidase, silver, and Rosemary in synthetic membranes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Structural analysis and numerical simulation of composite beam subjected to a harmonic moving load on Pasternak viscoelastic foundation
Mohamad Javad Rezvani Roholah RezaieIn this paper, dynamic response of an infinite Timoshenko beam subjected to a harmonic moving load based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is studied. The beam made of a symmetric laminated composite that is located on a generalized Pasternak viscoelast MoreIn this paper, dynamic response of an infinite Timoshenko beam subjected to a harmonic moving load based on the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is studied. The beam made of a symmetric laminated composite that is located on a generalized Pasternak viscoelastic foundation. It is assumed that the mechanical properties of the beam change in the direction of the beam thickness but remain constant in the axial direction. By selection of an appropriate displacement field for the composite beam, and using the principle of total minimum potential energy, the governing partial differential equations of motion are obtained and solved through a complex infinite Fourier transformation method. In this study, by using numerical simulation, the effects of stiffness, damping and shear layer viscosity coefficient of foundation, velocity and frequency of the moving load over the beam response are studied. Then, the numerical simulation results for deflection, shear force and bending stress are abtained. The results show that, when the normal stiffness, shear layer viscosity coefficient, velocity and frequency of the moving load increases, the deflection, shear force and bending stress of the composite beam decreases. The results obtained from the FSDT are compared with the results of a finite element and good agreement is found. Therefore, the dynamic responses of the composite beam under moving load can be found with high accuracy by using the finite element method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Identification of Geothermal Regions by Examining Vegetation Changes Under Stress By Using of ETM + Sensor and ASTER Sensor (Case Study, Khoy Township)
Tajadin karami kamal rassouli Vahid isazade esmail isazadeThermal remote sensing, as a branch of remote sensing science plays an important role in environmental studies. Thermal sensing is one of the new and low cost methods against ground surveys in remote areas, which provides valuable information from the study area to rese MoreThermal remote sensing, as a branch of remote sensing science plays an important role in environmental studies. Thermal sensing is one of the new and low cost methods against ground surveys in remote areas, which provides valuable information from the study area to researchers in the shortest time. It is possible to prepare a surface temperature map to identify areas prone to geothermal and plant stress by using an infrared thermal band. Which provides the basis for further exploratory studies. In this research, we used the ETM + and ASTER sensors to map the vegetation anomalies using the NDVI index of Khoy city. And plant seasonal variations were examined. Two datasets, one in early summer 2002 and the other in late summer and fall 2002, were derived from Landsat 7 data. By calculating the LST for the ETM + sensor, in this study, changes beyond the normal seasonal changes were considered as thermal anomalies. Also, by calculating the surface temperature by ASTER data, the surface manifestations of these anomalies under dense vegetation were revealed. MODIS sensor images were used to validate LST calculated by ASTER sensor and NDVI and ALI were calculated using it. The results of the present study showed that the identification of geothermal regions has a good spatial correlation with plant stress in Khoy city. ETM + and ASTER sensors, due to their high resolution in the infrared thermal band, 60 meters and 90 meters, respectively, are suitable sensors for calculating the surface temperature and detecting thermal anomalies. Therefore, the image difference method in this study was not a suitable method and did not show good results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Archaeological Survey of Prehistoric Sites of Fasa District
Majid Mansouri Ahmad Ali AsadiFasa is located in central east of Fars province, Iran. The first extensive archaeological survey in Fasa, carried out by Aurel Stein in 1934. Nevertheless, a more intensive archaeological survey, directed by Miroschedji was conducted in Fasa and Darab in 1971-72. Final MoreFasa is located in central east of Fars province, Iran. The first extensive archaeological survey in Fasa, carried out by Aurel Stein in 1934. Nevertheless, a more intensive archaeological survey, directed by Miroschedji was conducted in Fasa and Darab in 1971-72. Finally, an Iranian mission directed by Ali Asadi resurveyed Fasa in 2009, which prehistoric sites of this survey will be introduce and discuss in this paper. Base on the surface collections, the prehistoric of Fasa has been divided in several periods and has also been suggested a relative chronology for prehistoric of this region. No ceramic Neolithic sites were found in this survey, but ceramic Neolithic sites indicate a local culture in the Fasa. There was a dramatic increase in the number of the Bakun sites, which most part of the region were occupied by the Bakun occupants. Post-Bakunian sherds material were limited, so characteristics of these cultures are not clear yet. It appears that, there have been some local cultures in the Fasa after the Bakun period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - New Findings of Paleolithic Period from Khosf, Southern Khorasan, the Northeastern Edge of Lut Desert
Meysam Nikzad Hossein SedighianLocated in the south half, Khosf is one of the counties of south Khorasan. As little archaeological research has been done in Khosf so far and there is no proper information about ancient sites of it, an archaeological survey of Khosf initiated in 2014. The survey resul MoreLocated in the south half, Khosf is one of the counties of south Khorasan. As little archaeological research has been done in Khosf so far and there is no proper information about ancient sites of it, an archaeological survey of Khosf initiated in 2014. The survey resulted in identification of 238 sites including ancient monuments, historical sites and ancient mines and so on that were located mainly in eastern part of it. But among them we found six lithic scatters which may date back to middle Paleolithic Period. The present paper is involved with a techno-typological analysis of the lithic findings of this site. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Historical Developments in East Iran during the Sassanid Period
Fereidoun Nahidi Azar Farhang Khademi NadoushanImmigrant people who had rushed to the eastern part of Iran since the time of Achaemenian up to the time of Sassanian and then had dwelt there by passage of time played an important role in politics and economical relationships of this region. In this article, we w MoreImmigrant people who had rushed to the eastern part of Iran since the time of Achaemenian up to the time of Sassanian and then had dwelt there by passage of time played an important role in politics and economical relationships of this region. In this article, we will discuss about the process of invasions of these new-comer people from eastern north borders to the Territory of Sassanid Empire. The main goal of this article is to survey and show the manner of cultural relationship and interaction of Sassanid culture and civilization with these people and capacity of culture acceptance with these cultures and tensions or accomplished developments in this mutual confrontation. Several multi dimensional contacts between Iran and its eastern neighbours in most of the cases had been compressed and foreign cultures had interacted and principally the culture that has deeper origin will have more effects in the culture of its opponent. In this time importance of eastern part of Iran was in the extent that this region had become one of the main obsessions of Sassanians and some agents of Sassanid government in Koshan (Koshan Shah) and Sakestan (Sokan Shah). In the absence of any written resources, archaeological findings reflect required informations. From among the most important of these archaeological findings, are Sassanid coins that to some extent determine the governments' territory. These coins were imitated and sampled by the kings of Gajarat, Koshan and Hons. Hons were highly influenced by Sassanid culture and transferred it to India and paved the way for immigration of Zoroastrian Iranian to this region in the later periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - An Analysis of Settlement Patterns of Kura-Araxes Culture in Eastern Kurdistan
Zahra Rajabioun Ali Behnia Amir Saed MoucheshiThe eastern part of Kurdistan Province, the region under Study, includes cities such as Bijar, Qorveh and Dehgolan. This region is a high plain which differs from western Kurdistan with respect to unevenness. Recently, this region has been archaeologically surveyed by t MoreThe eastern part of Kurdistan Province, the region under Study, includes cities such as Bijar, Qorveh and Dehgolan. This region is a high plain which differs from western Kurdistan with respect to unevenness. Recently, this region has been archaeologically surveyed by the Cultural Heritage Organization successively. The research results cope with identifying the historical sites from the prehistoric to the Islamic periods. In this study, about 21 sites assigned to Kura-Araxes Culture have been identified. The main aim of the present study is to analyze the dispositional pattern in Kura-Araxes Culture of East Kurdistan and their relationship with natural environments. In this study, features such as altitude rate, farness from or nearness to the river, the extent of the, the slope rate, the direction, and so on have been taken into consideration. To this aim, GIS software has been used. The study shows settlements have been centered in southern part of the region under study and northern parts are almost barren of Kura-Araxes sites. The research results show the existence of several permanent and seasonal settlements patterns from the Kura-Araxes Culture in this region. A part of the paper has dealt with the analysis of these patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Zarathustra's Subconscious Mind
Nadereh NafisiAttempt has been made in this article, based on the various verses of the Gathas, to achieve a better understanding of Zoroaster’s rhythmic language and to find out whether or not it is symbolic. If the language is an encoded system, it can be considered as a stru MoreAttempt has been made in this article, based on the various verses of the Gathas, to achieve a better understanding of Zoroaster’s rhythmic language and to find out whether or not it is symbolic. If the language is an encoded system, it can be considered as a struggle to push human understanding beyond the worldly limits within and away from the world while an interpretation of the symbols can lead us to a better knowledge of Zoroaster’s thoughts and of the collective unconscious of his time. A symbolic interpretation of the world of Fravahars and of the Amesha Spentas liberates us from the limited one-dimensional circle of prejudicial thoughts while it provides for the better depicting of their inner meanings at different levels. Zoroaster’s symbols signify his creativity in poetically encoding aspects of human life, which is in fact an expression of the tribal unconscious of his time and in which cultural symbols are used to explain the truths of eternity. Having started symbolically from the conscious mind, at the same time personifies discrete concepts and creates new metaphors, thence the language grows and this in turn extends awareness and contributes to a deeper understanding of the surrounding world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Analytical Study on Parthian Relics and Settlements in Abyek Foothills
Arzollah Najafi Farzad Mafi Reza AkhoundiAbyek district in Qazvin province based on It's geographical situation and natural potentials has a particular situation that understanding of it's cultural evolution and historical happenings in Parthian period assist us to better recognition of the cultural changes of MoreAbyek district in Qazvin province based on It's geographical situation and natural potentials has a particular situation that understanding of it's cultural evolution and historical happenings in Parthian period assist us to better recognition of the cultural changes of this part of Iran from 250 BC to AC 224 Archaeological survey in northern part of Abyek foothills (Ziaran, Eastern Eghbal, eastern & western Kuhpaye) Conducted in March to May. In this season of Archaeological survey find out 89 sites that among of these, 64 sites yields evidences of Parthian culture. This research reveals evidences of demographic changes and change in settlement pattern in this region at Parthian period. Further, it was indicated that the most settlements of the area consist of small villages and no evidence of urbanize centers, Also, it seems that the region's material culture in Parthian period as well as owning some of the local characteristics finally belong to cultural span of north and west of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Preliminary Report on Archaeological Survey of Southern Side of Alborz Mountains at Abyek: First Season
Farzad Mafi Reza AkhoundiThe Quazvin plain along with the heights that overlook it is one of the important centers of foundation and development of human culture in Iranian Flat in different eras. The focus of archeological studies in recent decades on Quazvin plain and scientific archeological MoreThe Quazvin plain along with the heights that overlook it is one of the important centers of foundation and development of human culture in Iranian Flat in different eras. The focus of archeological studies in recent decades on Quazvin plain and scientific archeological studies in heights overlooking the plain especially southern mountainsides has made the Alborz mountains inevitable for study. In this research¸ the results from a number of archeological findings and recent studies can get a view of the position of the area in prehistoric eras¸ past history and the history of Islam. For this purpose¸ three villages, i.e. , Ziaran Estern and Western mountain sides of Abyek city and the village of Eastern Eghbal locating at the territory governed by central part of Qazvin were studied. We studied 89 archeological sites and also a considerable number of mentioned and unmentioned works including stone tools, sculpture, metal tools and so on were identified and discovered we dealt with them in this research. The results from this research reveal that with regard to 7 sites related to the period of Paleolithic which had stone tools and traces that are the characteristics of middle and new Paleolithic. We can say that in the period of Paleolithic the heights of this area were of the important habitats of people in the North of Iranian Flat. Although the identification of traces and cultural materials of the period of chalcolithic (2 cases) and the bronze age (3 case) show the continuation of living of people in the mentioned era, the identification of a great number of sites of Iron age (21cases) and Parthian (38 cases) shows the witnesses of habitats and settlement of human communities (Regarding both the quality and quantity of witnesses) from the second half of the second millennium BC until the first half of millennium A.C Forwards movement regarding the vast number of sites and areas and cultural heritage of different Islamic periods (47 cases) in the course of Islamic periods that has moved ahead. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Brief Survey of Grammatical Feature in Khawrazmian Language and Compared with Soghdian Language
Marjaneh ElahiFirst, in this study, Khwarazmi's handwriting and language as well as their sources in Ancient and Middle time and after rising of Islamin in Transoxiana and its remaining works would be considered. Then the characteristics and traits of khwarazmi's language will be beh MoreFirst, in this study, Khwarazmi's handwriting and language as well as their sources in Ancient and Middle time and after rising of Islamin in Transoxiana and its remaining works would be considered. Then the characteristics and traits of khwarazmi's language will be beheld and compared with one of the important middle Iranian's language, (i.e. Soghdi's language). Anywhere in this study, these two languages will be compared, both in grammatical and expressional aspects, and their combinations will be indicated as much as possible. On the other hand, it is attempted to express unique grammatical features that only belong to Khwarazmi's language such as: dedicated rule, the principle of seeking protrusive or chancellery, extensions and sequences and so on. At the end, there are some common samples of Soghdi and Khwarazmi's expressions representing the Middle Eastern group of Iranian languages with Pashto language that were remnants of Khwarazmi's language representing the connection among these languages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Achaemenid Period Pottery Culture in Northeast Anatolia (A Case Study of Achaemenid Painted Pottery in Kars City Museum, Turkey)
Leyla Afshari Sorayya AfshariEastern Anatolian pottery of the Achaemenid Period is quite different from its predecessor Urartian pottery - in techniques and forms. With the collapse of the Urartian Kingdom and the spread of Achaemenids in Anatolia, we can speak of a newly developing pottery c MoreEastern Anatolian pottery of the Achaemenid Period is quite different from its predecessor Urartian pottery - in techniques and forms. With the collapse of the Urartian Kingdom and the spread of Achaemenids in Anatolia, we can speak of a newly developing pottery culture. The monochrome, glossy red slipped pottery of Urartu was replaced by monochrome and polychrome painted pottery in miscellaneous forms. After the collapse of the Urartian Kingdom, the culture of Eastern Anatolia was gradually changed and over time, the old culture, developed by the official state, disappeared. This process did not occur instantaneously. Rather, it appears that a couple of centuries were needed for such a reshaping. Historically, Urartian influence still exists in the early phase of the Late Iron Age, which coincides with the Median dominance period. This phase is considered to be associated with a post-Urartian/Median period, which can be placed among the painted wares of Urartu and the Late Iron Age. Within the scope of this study, we succeeded in coming to certain conclusions concerning ceramic finds, which were obtained from the excavation sites in the region where architecture could not have been sufficiently examined. In the post-Urartian/Median phase, manufacturing with red-colored paste, influenced by Urartu, continues. While certain continuity also persists among the shapes, the prototype examples of double-handled metal vases, developed in the Achaemenid period, appear as a novelty. Firstly, our current study considers the pottery of the Achaemenid Period, which was discovered by archaeologists in the excavations and surface surveys of the Northeastern Anatolia Achaemenid Region. Secondly, This study will generally analyze the painted pottery of the Achaemenid period that is preserved at Kars Museum, taking into account the excavation and surface surveys of the Northeastern Anatolia Region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Identification of fish in southeastern water resources of Tehran province (Varamin region)
Sahar Sattarvand Siamak Yousefi SiahkalroodiIn the present study, species diversity and abundance of water resources in the southeast of the province were identified and studied for 6 months. Five stations were selected and fishes were caught to various means such as gill net, manual net and, electro hemlock were MoreIn the present study, species diversity and abundance of water resources in the southeast of the province were identified and studied for 6 months. Five stations were selected and fishes were caught to various means such as gill net, manual net and, electro hemlock were caught a monthly basis and transferred to the laboratory. Their identified using reliable identity keys. The aim of this survey was to genus identify and fish species, their time and spatial distributions and abundances in the region. Result indicated that 3 families, 6 genus and 9 species were identified that 4 genus and 6 spceies belong to the cyprinidae family. The family balitorada with 2 spceies was next standing. The last family in the research poecilidae family with one genus and one spceies of gambusia holbrooki has been found. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Design of PID Controller for Teleopration System with Genetic Algorithm
Mohammad Esmaeil akbari -
Open Access Article
145 - Training in Basic Design Studio: Analysis of Tutor & Novice Students Interactions, Using Linkography Method
Shima Mehrad Omid Dezhdar Gholamreza Talischi -
Open Access Article
146 - Contemporary Mason Master’s Tacit Knowledge in Restoration Process of Architectural Works; Defining Process and Criteria for Architectural Repair in Southern Khorasan, Iran
Reza Rahimnia Ali Zamanifard Mehran Gharaati -
Open Access Article
147 - A Case Study of the Bam Earthquake to Establish a Pattern for Earthquake Management in Iran
Keramatollah Ziari Reza Ziari Somayeh Ziari -
Open Access Article
148 - Prediction of regulation of learning based on test anxiety & achievement goals with mediation of information processing strategies
sarah ebrahimi davod lakiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of motivational construct (achievement goals & test anxiety) and information processing strategies in regulation of learning (self-regulated learning and external regulation). The data were obtained from eleventh MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of motivational construct (achievement goals & test anxiety) and information processing strategies in regulation of learning (self-regulated learning and external regulation). The data were obtained from eleventh-grade students (138 female and 126 male) in Noor city. The sample was selected based on a multistage cluster random sampling. Our questionnaires in this study consisted of regulation of learning subscale from Inventory of Learning Styles (Vermunt, 1998), test anxiety from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & Degroot, 1994), Achievement Goals Scale (Midgley، Kaplan , Middleton & Maehr, 1998) and learning strategies from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & Degroot, 1994). The structural equations model has been used for data analysis. The results indicated that test anxiety and achievement goals have significant effects on the deep and surface information processing strategies and information processing strategies have significant effects on regulation of learning. In result test anxiety and achievement goals predict significantly regulation learning by mediating of effects on the information processing strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Detect barriers to consistency Thesis subject course Masters Educational Sciences The community needs From the perspective students
مهوش خسروی محمدرضا نیلی بی بی عشرت زمانیThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 stud MoreThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 students from different backgrounds Masters degree at the University of Isfahan, Azad University Khorasgan and Payam Noor of Isfahan in the academic year 1393 is 94. Use the sample table-Morgan 217 samples sampling stratified set volume Shdnd.abzar data collection questionnaire, with 24 questions was closed. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which indicates the validity of the instrument is 0/91, and its validity was confirmed by experts and experts in education. Analyze data on the level of descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. In the description to determine the frequency and percentage of respondents score of mean, standard deviation, percent and inferential statistics and independent t-test one sample, analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc test was used Results showed that in terms students barriers economic, socio-cultural organizations in developing the thesis of Postgraduate Course consistency with the the needs of society are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - The Relationship between Using Self-Regulatory Skills and Educational Self-Esteem by Developing Perceived Mastermind's Curriculum in the Entrepreneur's School
farhad shafeipourmotlagh Mojtaba Molla AhmadiAbstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the use of self-regulation skills and academic self-fulfillment and the emergence of a startup curriculum in the entrepreneurial school through the educational engagement intermediation. The St MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the use of self-regulation skills and academic self-fulfillment and the emergence of a startup curriculum in the entrepreneurial school through the educational engagement intermediation. The Startup Mentor is a program that fosters the mentality of students in a way that can launch start-up businesses. The research method has been a type of solidarity descriptor. The statistical population of all second-grade teachers in Isfahan was 3537 students in the academic year of 1966-97. The multi-stage cluster sampling method was selected based on the Cochran sample size formula and 347 individuals randomly selected for research. The research instrument consisted of four groups of questionnaires: 1. Educational self-regulation questionnaire (Rare and Arabzadeh, 1392), 2. Educational self-actualization questionnaire (Rezvani Monfared and Shafi Pour Motlagh, 1395) 3. Student Student Conflict Questionnaire (Fredrik, 2004); and 4. A researcher-made questionnaire developed by perceived starter maker. For data analysis, two levels of descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, percent) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro Wilk tests, Pearson correlation, multiple stepwise regression and structural equation model) were used. Overall, the results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-regulation and academic self-fulfillment and the emergence of a startup master's curriculum in the entrepreneurial school at the level of p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The effect of supporting autonomy on academic stress: the mediating role of self-regulated learning and mastery goal orientation
Karim Sevari marziyeh mahmodi Fatemeh farzadiIn the present study, the effect of supporting autonomy on academic stress through self-regulated learning and mastery goal orientation was tested. All male and female students in the fields of psychology, educational sciences and counseling at Payame Noor University of MoreIn the present study, the effect of supporting autonomy on academic stress through self-regulated learning and mastery goal orientation was tested. All male and female students in the fields of psychology, educational sciences and counseling at Payame Noor University of Khuzestan Province formed a statistical population from which 454 people (386 girls and 68 boys) were selected voluntarily. The research design is correlational. To collect data from the Belmont, Skinner, Welborn, and Connell (1988) teachers' support questionnaire; primitive academic stress and Gabriel (2015); self-regulatory learning was used by Iwamoto, Hargis, Bordner, and Chandler (2017) and the masterful goal-orientation of Midgley and Jordan (2001). Data were analyzed using Amos software. After modifying the proposed model and eliminating the effect of masterful goal orientation on academic stress, the results of direct hypotheses show that professors' support for autonomy has a negative effect on academic stress, and a positive effect on self-regulation and masterful goal-orientation and self-regulatory learning on stress. Education has a negative effect. The results of indirect hypotheses showed that teachers' support for autonomy affects academic stress through self-regulated learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Prediction of regulation of learning based on test anxiety & achievement goals with mediation of information processing strategies
sara ebrahimi davod lakiMany learning difficulties are due to the lack of cognitive and metacognitive skills in students, while learning and study skills are educable. The purpose of this study is to know the causes of some learning problems to help teachers and students with identifying the r MoreMany learning difficulties are due to the lack of cognitive and metacognitive skills in students, while learning and study skills are educable. The purpose of this study is to know the causes of some learning problems to help teachers and students with identifying the role of motivational structures and information processing strategies in regulation of learning (self-regulated learning and external regulation). For this purpose, the present study was conducted with a correlation design on a population of 492 third grade students of human science, experimental science, and mathematic physics in Noor in 1394-1395 that the sample of 264 students were selected based on a multistage cluster random sampling. Our questionnaires in this study consisted of regulation of learning subscale from Inventory of Learning Styles (Vermunt, 1998), test anxiety from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & Degroot, 1994), Achievement Goals Scale (Midgley، Kaplan , Middleton & Maehr, 1998) and learning strategies from Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & Degroot, 1994). The structural equations model has been used for data analysis. The results indicated that test anxiety and achievement goals have significant effects on the deep and surface information processing strategies and information processing strategies have significant effects on regulation of learning. In result test anxiety and achievement goals predict significantly regulation learning by mediating of effects on the information processing strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - در آمدی بر اندیشه دینی ایرانیان باستان
parvin ranjbar zahra hamedi ali rasoliAn Introduction to the Religious Thought of IraniansThe vast land of Iran, in terms of geographical location and extensive cultural potential, was the crossroads of great cultures and civilizations, and as a result, the prevalence of ideas and various beliefs. Therefore MoreAn Introduction to the Religious Thought of IraniansThe vast land of Iran, in terms of geographical location and extensive cultural potential, was the crossroads of great cultures and civilizations, and as a result, the prevalence of ideas and various beliefs. Therefore, in ancient Iran, there is a great variety of currents, thoughts and religious beliefs that made this land the field of its activities.The ancient religion of the Iranian people is derived from the ancient Aryan beliefs in which natural and spiritual factors were very important. During the development of these beliefs, each of the components of nature became divine and thus many gods ruled the world.Accordingly, various religions, such as Mehrparasti, Zarvani, Zoroastrianism, etc., appeared in different periods of ancient Iran. Iranians were both influential and influential.Keywords: Iran, Zoroaster, Zarvan, Mehrparast ruled the world.Accordingly, various religions, such as Mehrparasti, Zarvani, Zoroastrianism, etc., appeared in different periods of ancient Iran. Iranians were both influential and influential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - The position of Zoroaster’s religion among Achaemenid and their western satraps
ali akbar shahbadiReligiously, Iran in the Achaemenid period had Religious tolerance was manifested. At that time massacre and destruction were Assyrian kings honor, Achaemenid kings presented friendship and attention to human, to world, what related to their beliefs. Achaemenid inscrip MoreReligiously, Iran in the Achaemenid period had Religious tolerance was manifested. At that time massacre and destruction were Assyrian kings honor, Achaemenid kings presented friendship and attention to human, to world, what related to their beliefs. Achaemenid inscription have explained events more, but they have not paid attention to common ordinary ceremonies and believe of Iranian and Achaemenid western satraps. So whit researches based on survey of historical sources and reports of ancient historian, the Zoroastrian position would be clarified among Achaemenid and their western satraps approximately. The findings of researches shows western satraps worshiped three essential Gods of the Avesta, Ahuramazda, Nāhīd and Mehr for the reason of being in harmony with their past Gods, having with political power and religious for bearance. Achaemenid religion has been studied by scholars in religion and history of Ancient Iran in plenty, but it has paid the fewer attention to the analysis of religious Position of western satraps in viewpoint of zoroastrian. This article dose research about religious system of the Achaemenid Empire with laying emphasis on Zoroastrian and its position in western satraps. In this way. It has been used of documents, remained sources and historical research methodology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Investigation of The poet and whole text of the historical inscription in the eastern vestibule of Yazd’s jaame mosque
fatemeh salahshour yaser hamzavi maryam mahmoudiIn the eastern entrance of Yazd’s jaame mosque there is a square vestibule that is almost about 50 m2 there is a historical inscription in it. The inscription is an Arabic poem, written in the third line (sols ) in 1376. During the years, some part of the texts ar MoreIn the eastern entrance of Yazd’s jaame mosque there is a square vestibule that is almost about 50 m2 there is a historical inscription in it. The inscription is an Arabic poem, written in the third line (sols ) in 1376. During the years, some part of the texts are missed and destroyed. Iraj Afshar, the writer of the Yazd souvenir book, according to the historical books of the Yazd only pointed to the ode informed and he noted that it is attributed to seyed Hassan Motakalem. Mohammad taqi Daneshpajooh, Iranian researcher, attributed this ode to sharaf o din baqdadi in an article. In this article the poet and whole text of this inscription is investigated according to the remains of the inscription. At the end, it was founded that the text is a part of Arabic ode in praise of the holy prophet, Mohammad, peace be upon him , that is attributed to seyed Hassan Qaznavi the Iranian famous poet in 12th century. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Zoroa cube ( Zoroaster kaabe) and the historical importance of shapur I rock relief.
amir AkbariOne of the most important building in Nagsh _e_ Rustan near Persepoliswhich is very important from historical and religious aspects is the cubeof Zoroaster. Although the cube of Zoroaster is dated to achaemenidperiod but shapur I and kartirs rock reliefs on the wall of MoreOne of the most important building in Nagsh _e_ Rustan near Persepoliswhich is very important from historical and religious aspects is the cubeof Zoroaster. Although the cube of Zoroaster is dated to achaemenidperiod but shapur I and kartirs rock reliefs on the wall of that building isvery important to recognize the sassanid period .the trilingual inscriptionof shapur I. in acids Pahlavi sassanian Pahlavi, creek give us preciousinformation’s abut sassanian period.The inscription has the most complete information about sassanidauthority , descriptions of Iran and Rome wars, titles of honor and postsin sassanid court. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Planning for Medical Emergency Transportation Vehicles during Natural Disasters
Hesam Adrang Ali Bozorgi-Amiri Kaveh Khalili-Damghani Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
158 - Improvement of Land Management in Ukraine
Skliar Yurii Bohinska Liudmyla Kapinos Nataliia Prokopenko Nataliia -
Open Access Article
159 - Effect of Reclaimed rubber Modification on the Rheological Properties and Rutting Resistance of Asphalt Binders
Javad Poursharifi Poria Hajikarimi -
Open Access Article
160 - Views of school managers about the performance of the -service training
Zahra ShahraieniManpower education and improvement its own special position in any given organization. In-service personal education plays an important role in promoting efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. In-service education courses usually reinforcement of existing MoreManpower education and improvement its own special position in any given organization. In-service personal education plays an important role in promoting efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. In-service education courses usually reinforcement of existing abilities facilitate learning and creating mentality and improving manpower performance. Regarding heavy duty of the ministry of education in the field of social and cultural activities, it is necessary for this organization to have a special attention to teacher's technical skills and try the present research according to the importance and necessary of in-service education studies the performance of these courses from the principal's point. Population of the research includes principals, from which 115 people were selected randomly in accordance with the population. The medium for gathering data is quastionaiers.In order to evaluate the reliability of quastionaive.The view point of professors and experts in charge of in-service education were used and it was approved by faculty. And also to summative assessment of the questionnaire, it was conducted in group of 30 people and its reliability was assessed through Cronbach Alpha %85. Every questionnaire consisted of, 25 short answer questions and only one free answer questions designed for principals. Findings show that principals are to somewhat content with in-service education, in the field adding knowledge, job satisfaction, optimum use of facilities, participation, Responsibility. The research suggests that school administrators with the training courses component to increase knowledge of the service held 95/3, job satisfaction 99/2, the optimal use of facilities 91/7, taking responsibility 96/3 has been relatively sympathetic to the and optimal performance of the service have confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Structural Equation Modeling for Predicting of Marital Conflicts Pattern based on McMaster Family Performance Mediation of Attitudes Toward Infidelity in Shiraz Couples
Tahereh Rezaie Naser Amini Ezat Deyreh Nazanin HonarparvaranOne of the important models in the study of family functioning is the McMaster family functioning model. The aim of this study was to To find a model of the strauctural the structural equations for predicting marital conflicts based On the Mc Master model of family perf MoreOne of the important models in the study of family functioning is the McMaster family functioning model. The aim of this study was to To find a model of the strauctural the structural equations for predicting marital conflicts based On the Mc Master model of family performance with a mediating role of the attitude of infidelity in couples in Shiraz. This study was a correlational and structural equation study in which 300 conflicting couples in Shiraz were randomly selected. Participants completed the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (MCQ), Family Assessment (FAD). Structural equation method and Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used to analyze the findings. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between family functioning subscales with marital conflicts and attitudes toward infidelity (P <0.05).Therefore, based on the findings of this study, it can be said that apart from the effective factors of family functioning, marital conflicts and attitudes toward infidelity in couples as mediating Can be considered for the for the improvement and stability of the family system Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - The Measurement of Technical Efficiency and Effective Factors in Cucumber Greenhouse (Case Study: Eastern Azarbayjan Province)
B. Abdollahi H. Raheli M. Taghizadeh M. Kasrani B. NajaflouThe purpose of this study was to estimate technical efficiency of cucumber greenhouses in Eastern Azarbayjan. In economic literature, it means the ratio of maximum output to the inputs. The objective of this research was to determinate the effective factors influencing MoreThe purpose of this study was to estimate technical efficiency of cucumber greenhouses in Eastern Azarbayjan. In economic literature, it means the ratio of maximum output to the inputs. The objective of this research was to determinate the effective factors influencing it's inefficiency. The method of determination of deterministic and stochastic technical efficiency is corrected ordinary least squares (COLS) and maximum likelihood (ML) respectively. The average of technical efficiency in province’s cucumber greenhouse is approximately about 57 and 93 percent for deterministic and stochastic frontier method respectively. Production types had positive influence on technical inefficiency whereas experience of manager have negative influence on technical inefficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured rurals in east Azerbaijan
Mohammad Nazari Samad AbediniThe purpose of the present survey is a comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan. The study is useable, explanatory and survey. Population of the study is included all optionally registered members in rural's social MoreThe purpose of the present survey is a comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan. The study is useable, explanatory and survey. Population of the study is included all optionally registered members in rural's social insurance fund who were 177497. The sample size is 384 insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan who were selected by Cochran formula. To collect the data a questionnaire was used that is consistence with experts’ idea's and its reliability estimated by Cronbach α. In this query considering variables, 6hypotheses are offered and social security feeling of respondents is investigated in terms of finance, honor and respectfulness, and in total in terms of variables such as age, sex, education's grade and household size, marital status and insurance. Finding suggested that there is a significant difference between insured and uninsured social security feeling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Jurisprudential deliberation of crisis management in natural disasters
Hasan Hasan zadeh mohammad Adiby mehrNature and the universe, which is the divine mercy of all beings, has its own system in addition to numerous benefits, sometimes has harmful effects for creatures, of which natural disasters are among them. Because of the ignorance of the wisdom of these events, human b MoreNature and the universe, which is the divine mercy of all beings, has its own system in addition to numerous benefits, sometimes has harmful effects for creatures, of which natural disasters are among them. Because of the ignorance of the wisdom of these events, human beings often consider the injustice and absolute evil to be an unreasonable look and unfair judgment and is far from the truth. Regarding to the wisdom of occurrence of the events of the The universe of nature as coming in the Quran and narratives and the necessity of having correct management of the crisis for the purpose of coping with the consciousness and turning the threat of these disasters into human opportunity, this research seeks to be descriptive and analyzing and collecting information in a library method with the use of dynamic Islamic jurisprudence and its application in solving the problems of the updates to study the strategies for preventing and confronting these incidents and expressing the jurisprudential foundations of crisis management in natural disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - نگارش به انگلیسی و مشکلات مربوط به آن برای زبان آموزان
حسن عدالتاز بررسی نگارش دانشجویان مشخص شده است که به کار گیری برخی از عناصر ساختاری که در نگارش فارسی متداول است در نگارش های انگلیسی یک امر عادی است. ساختارهای نگارشی فارسی با ساختار های متداول در نگارش انگلیسی مغایرت داشته و در نتیجه استفاده از آنها رنگ Moreاز بررسی نگارش دانشجویان مشخص شده است که به کار گیری برخی از عناصر ساختاری که در نگارش فارسی متداول است در نگارش های انگلیسی یک امر عادی است. ساختارهای نگارشی فارسی با ساختار های متداول در نگارش انگلیسی مغایرت داشته و در نتیجه استفاده از آنها رنگ و بوی فارسی به متن انگلیسی می افزاید. عدم توانایی در شناسائی این دسته از عناصر از سوی زبان آموز هم به جملات و هم به پاراگرافهای نا مناسب در انگلیسی منجر میشود. نا توانی در نوشتن جمله، عنوان مناسب به انگلیسی و یا نپرداختن درست به موضوع مورد نظر در طول یک پاراگراف و به کار گیری برخی عناصر زبانی متداول در فارسی و استفاده از توصیف کننده های غیر ضروری و یا استفاده از برخی توصیف کننده ها در مکانی مغایر با الگوی زبان انگلیسی از دیگر مواردی است که زبان آموز را از نوشتن یک مطلب قابل قبول باز میدارد. مقاله حاضر در جستجوی یافتن عوامل باز دارنده ای است که امر نوشتن به انگلیسی را برای زبان آموزان ایرانی مشکل میسازد. نخست مرور مختصری بر تحقیقات انجام گرقته در این ارتباط صورت پذیرفته و بر اساس آن ماهیت زبان فارسی وعادات زبانی حاکم در میان مردم به عنوان عوامل باز دارنده درنگارش انگلیسی معرفی میگردد. در این تحقیق با استفاده ازنگارش های دانشجویان گروه زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه تبریز سعی می شود که عوامل مذکور شناسایی و برای رفع این عوامل راه حل هایی پیشنهاد گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - بررسی کارکردی اشاره به خود در پایان نامه های کارشناسی ارشد علوم نرم
سمیه افسری داوود کوهیاین تحقیق به بررسی کمی و کارکردی اشاره به خود در پایان نامه های کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم می پردازد. یکی از اهداف مهم این تخقیق یافتن کارکرد اشاره به خود در در پایان نامه های کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم بود. بدین منظور، بیست پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم ، در چهار Moreاین تحقیق به بررسی کمی و کارکردی اشاره به خود در پایان نامه های کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم می پردازد. یکی از اهداف مهم این تخقیق یافتن کارکرد اشاره به خود در در پایان نامه های کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم بود. بدین منظور، بیست پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد در علوم نرم ، در چهار رشته ی دانشگاهی به طور تصادفی از کتابخانه های چهار دانشگاه طراز اول انتخاب شدند. در هر رشته دانشگاهی، پنج مورد در بازه ی زمانی هفت سال (2014-2007) انتخاب شدند. این تحقیق، صرفا بخش مباحثه پایان نامه ها را مورد بررسی قرار داد. بررسی کمی این نوشته جات نشان داد که فراوانی انواع مختلف عناصر اشاره به خود، در علوم نرم کاملا متفاوت می باشد. میان این عناصر، ضمیر "من" با فراوانی 49 ، پر کاربردترین ضمیر اول شخص بود. همچنین این عناصر اشاره به خود، به طور کارکردی، براساس طبقه بندی نقش ضمایر شخصی در کلام Tang and John(1999)، مورد تجزیه وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته های تحقیق حاضر، از بعد کارکردی نشان داد که پر کاربردترین نقش کلامی عناصر اشاره به خود در این نوشته جاتRecounter of research process وکمکاربردترین Originator بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Principle of Application or Presumption of Mastery and its Effects on Principle of Jurisprudence
Abbas Arab Khazaeli Abbas Arab Khazaeli Alireza Askari Mohamamd Mehdi AhamdiPrinciple of mastery is one of the commonly-used matters in science/ knowledge of religious jurisprudence. It was defined as a verdict on the permanence of what was in the past. From the start of coming into existence of the science/ knowledge, the experts of jurisprude MorePrinciple of mastery is one of the commonly-used matters in science/ knowledge of religious jurisprudence. It was defined as a verdict on the permanence of what was in the past. From the start of coming into existence of the science/ knowledge, the experts of jurisprudence believed that traditions were the reason for the proof of mastery and mastery was an established or for mere obedience rule in times of doubt. Consequently, the principle of mastery is one of the principles of application. However, most experts of jurisprudence after Behbahani believed that the reason for the proof of mastery is wisdom. Therefore, the principle of mastery is an inconclusive presumption of personal reasoning. In this research an attempt was made to take into consideration the attitudes of the experts of jurisprudence about the principle of mastery and its application in religious jurisprudence and law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Legal-jurisprudential analysis of civil liability resulting from construction on fault lines (taking into account Article 100 of the Municipal Law)
Sedigheh Riahi Rad Abdullah bahmanpouri mansor gharibpoorForce majeure, or in the interpretation of jurists, heavenly plague, is one of the issues raised in the law of different countries, including Iran, in the field of responsibility. There is no difference of opinion in this issue that the obligee can refer to these incide MoreForce majeure, or in the interpretation of jurists, heavenly plague, is one of the issues raised in the law of different countries, including Iran, in the field of responsibility. There is no difference of opinion in this issue that the obligee can refer to these incidents in order to acquit himself from the damages and as a legal effect, but where the human factor, due to the act or omission of the act, has a role in the occurrence of these incidents or in increasing the damages caused by them. Some differences can be observed. In French law, the committed party must consider the process of fulfilling the obligation by taking into account possible changes and developments. In Iranian law, in spite of being affected, the existence of a traditional view of force majeure (i.e. being heavenly and lack of responsibility) on the one hand, and the effect of the action or omission of the human factor in the occurrence of force majeure or the increase of damages caused by it, force majeure is considered to be a serious challenge in jurisprudence and He has faced legal issues. Issues such as awareness of the existing risk potential caused by an active fault, having the power of prediction, the ability to avoid an accident or damage, realizing the concept of a heavenly disaster and accepting its effects can be considered among these challenges. The present study, while examining the theory of force majeure in French law, Iranian law and jurisprudential sources, deals with the possibility of its application in Iran's legal system, taking into account general and specific jurisprudential evidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - The Role of Perceived Parent Goal Orientations, Home-University Dissonance, and Neighborhood Space Dissonance on the Students’ Academic Cheating
Abolfazl faridThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of perceived parent goal orientations, home-university dissonance, and neighborhood space on the students’ academic cheating at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. To this end, from among the students of th MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of perceived parent goal orientations, home-university dissonance, and neighborhood space on the students’ academic cheating at Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University. To this end, from among the students of the aforementioned University who were about 6000 students, a sample including 404 students was selected through stratified random sampling. The instruments to collect the data were the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS) designed by Midgley et al. (2000). The reliability of all scales was over 0.75. The data were analyzed through running a stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS. Perceived parent goal orientations, neighborhood space and home- university dissonance as independent variables, and studentsʼ academic cheating as a dependent variable were analyzed. The independent variables could explain 0.12 of the total academic cheating variance. Home university dissonance and perceived mastery goal orientations could meaningfully predict the students’ academic cheating. Home-university dissonance with the coefficient of 0.293, and perceived parents goal orientations the coefficient 0.124 with 0.124, had the greatest role on the students’ academic cheating respectively. It was concluded that the higher home - university dissonance and perceived parent mastery goal orientation is the higher studentsʼ academic cheating behavior would be Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - The Study of the Relationship between the cognitive goal structures of the Classrooms with the University Students’ Personal mastery Goal Orientation
Rahim Badri Gharghari Javad Mesrabadi Shahram vahediThis research was conducted to study the relationship between the classrooms goal structures and mastery goal orientation of university students. The subjects were 187 undergraduate students, including 73 males and 114 females, selected through ratio stratified sampling MoreThis research was conducted to study the relationship between the classrooms goal structures and mastery goal orientation of university students. The subjects were 187 undergraduate students, including 73 males and 114 females, selected through ratio stratified sampling from Education, Social Science and Literature Departments of Azad Islamic Tabriz University. Data was gathered through survey of Blackborns’ Classroom Goal Structures and Bofard & etal.Academic Goal Orientation Questionnaire. The results showed that the interesting and motivated survey class homewoark was the most important predictive factor of students’ mastery goal orientation. In addition, it founded that 19% of the variance of mastery goal orientation was accounted by linear combination of motivated classhomework and mastery evaluation. Data have be analyzed by multiple regression (stepwise) and path analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Prioritizing Factors Affecting Perspectives on Organizational Productivity via Paired Comparisons: Saipan Automotive Group
bahareh asadian reza radfar Abbas Toloie EshlaghyOwing to sanctions imposed on our country, it has become increasingly difficult but not impossible to improve organizational productivity. Achieving productivity entails flexible and accountable strategy adoption in the form of a comprehensive plan. The comprehensive in MoreOwing to sanctions imposed on our country, it has become increasingly difficult but not impossible to improve organizational productivity. Achieving productivity entails flexible and accountable strategy adoption in the form of a comprehensive plan. The comprehensive industrial program underscores the importance of developing resource-based industries to gain competitive advantages and such a comprehensive plan is outlined based on getting a wider view and putting all relevant influential factors in perspective. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify the factors influencing the perspectives on productivity improvement in Saipa Automotive Group. Six factors influencing organizational perspectives (political, economic, legal, social, environmental and technological) were detected while investigating Asian countries of Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, China and India. The research population comprised ten managers of Saipan Research and Innovation Department who completed an open-ended questionnaire. The research data were analyzed using supersession software, Delphi and paired comparisons.Then, Super Dissociation software was employed to prioritize the effective factors which were found to be: political (0.35), economic (0.27), social (0.14), legal (0.13), environmental (0.05), and technological (0.03). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Probing the Discriminatory role of Non-Equilibrium effects in the Emergence of Biological Homochirality by Considering Quantum Constraints
Arash Tirandaz -
Open Access Article
173 - Evaluation of the institutional dimension of urban resilience in dealing with earthquakes (case example of Bandar Abbas city)
MOHAMMAD REZA JABERINASAB Akbar AbdollahzadehTaraf Arash Saghafi Hasan SattariNatural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and tornadoes have always existed and will continue to exist throughout the life of the planet, but the noteworthy point is that the effects of these natural disasters do not disappear completely and their effects can only MoreNatural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and tornadoes have always existed and will continue to exist throughout the life of the planet, but the noteworthy point is that the effects of these natural disasters do not disappear completely and their effects can only be balanced. Urban tissues and man-made elements of urban spaces are worn out and destroyed over time, and for this reason, keeping urban bodies stable requires interventions to improve and improve the existing situation, and this shows the necessity of physical interventions in the tissue. Uneven urban spaces are a reflection of the social and economic inequalities of their residents, although natural disasters and events threaten most cities, but the poor who live in informal settlements and dilapidated structures face greater human and financial losses when natural disasters occur. be. The main goal of this research is to evaluate the institutional dimension of urban resilience in dealing with earthquakes, focusing on the city of Bandar Abbas. The present research method was a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population included all the expert employees of the Crisis Management Organization of Bandar Abbas Governorate and other agents of the Crisis Headquarters, which was determined by using the Cochran sample size formula to determine the number of 35 people as the sample size. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the theoretical framework of the research. The reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test above 0.65. According to the research results, the level of institutional resilience has not been at an acceptable level.Natural hazards have been with humans since the beginning of time, and humans have always sought a way to deal with them. Disasters are events that occur unexpectedly and sometimes inevitably, and due to the spread over material and human resources and interruption of the natural process of life, they are beyond the capacity of societies to adapt. The effects and consequences of a natural disaster, regardless of its type, can remain for a long time after the incident (Fali, 2014). On the other hand, population growth, increase in urban population and population density in a specific area have doubled the risk of these accidents. The lack of preparation for such incidents increases the losses and sometimes causes huge disasters (Noorian and Esfandi, 2014: 56). At the beginning of the 20th century, crisis management initially only had the ability to respond and react immediately after the incident and the occurrence of the crisis (Davis, 2011). After the inefficiency of this system showed itself in many situations, the attention of urban planners and managers was drawn to its resilience and increase (Coppola, 2007). Resilience has been discussed since the 1970s, which was first about ecological systems in the sense that resilience determines the continuity of relationships and links within a system and is a measure of the system's ability to absorb changes in parameters and stable variables. And moving and maintaining survival. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Assessing and formulating strategies for resilience to withstand disasters in old urban area in Faizabad‘s neighborhood in Kermanshah
bahareh moazami mahmoud rahimiAbstract Resilience in the face of crisis, one of the most important theoretical and applied concepts in crisis management in recent years. This concept is widely used in the community is resilient. Resiliency is a way to strengthen the capacity of communities using it MoreAbstract Resilience in the face of crisis, one of the most important theoretical and applied concepts in crisis management in recent years. This concept is widely used in the community is resilient. Resiliency is a way to strengthen the capacity of communities using it arises and definitions, approaches, indicators and evaluation models different about it is formed. The range studied in this research is Kermanshah Faizabad Neighborhood. Research method for descriptive- analytical and research the nature of, is applied with the aim of resilient to old texture Neighborhood Faizabad and finally formulate and prioritization strategies in this Neighborhood has been done. To achieve this goal, the experts and residents of the neighborhood were used. SWOT model to formulate policies and strategies for Prioritization QSPM model we used. The results suggest that neighborhoods defensive position and in an intermediate situation. In the final stage of the development of strategies to prioritize them, and that the results of this section indicates that the most important strategy, develop a strategic plan or direct the social forces affecting the rules for organizing textures and retrofit programs and improve safety in the face of environmental disaster is artificial and at the end of the resilient Faizabad neighborhood proposals presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Zoning earthquakes pre-crisis model of FAHP Case Study of Khuzestan Province
Elyas Mavadat Reza Nazarpoor Saeed HeydariniaPopulation growth and the expansion of settlements in risky areas, the impact of natural disasters in various countries, especially in developing countries, has increased. Due to the location of the collision of the Arabian plate and the Iranian province of Khuzestan, e MorePopulation growth and the expansion of settlements in risky areas, the impact of natural disasters in various countries, especially in developing countries, has increased. Due to the location of the collision of the Arabian plate and the Iranian province of Khuzestan, earthquakes and lack of proper localization of its settlements And development on active fault, the province's zoning to identify areas unsuitable for earthquake risk Avoid the lack of human settlements in this area is necessary to mitigate risks in the future. Research and development nature - earthquake hazard zoning applications aimed at Khuzestan province to deal with the risks posed by this natural disaster has occurred. The first seven variables in the diagnosis of active earthquake zones, they are combined using FAHP model and seismic risk map was obtained. Results indicate that the seismic risk of the area of of Khuzestan Province, about 7 percent of the range (very low risk), 13% (low), 20% (average), 27% (high) and 33 percent (very high high) and among cities, Andimeshk and Abadan have the highest and lowest earthquake risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Investigation of the occurrence of urban thermal islands phenomenon using ASTER satellite images (Study area: Shiraz city)
mojtaba mohammadi mohammadebrahim afifiToday the world is experiencing an unprecedented flow of urban . population growth and urbanization is one of the factors influencing air temperature increase in urban areas , which causes the creation of heat island on these regions compared to the surroundings , and i MoreToday the world is experiencing an unprecedented flow of urban . population growth and urbanization is one of the factors influencing air temperature increase in urban areas , which causes the creation of heat island on these regions compared to the surroundings , and its effects can play a vital role in air quality and consequently public health . in this study , aster data are investigated in a case in shiraz , and the Kharazmic of 5 bands are used to retrieve earth surface temperature and determine the local effects of heat island . in addition , the correlation between surface temperature and vegetation index , construction , barren land and water difference were obtained to determine the effects of green , bare , blue and residential areas on the heat island . the results showed that the effect of urban heat island in shiraz is mainly located in the industrial and residential areas of the west and south east . also , the negative correlation between the temperature of the ground and vegetation index of normal difference showed that green earth and water - covered areas could have weakened the effect of heat island while positive correlation between ground surface temperature and the normalized difference difference can increase the effect of heat island effect in the study area . nowadays , the most important problem in urban areas is to increase the temperature of the earth surface due to the at the natural levels , Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - An Analysis of the Economic Problems of the Sorena Villages District and its’ relationship with Economic Resilience
hamed Rostami hosein soleimani ramin ghafariDeveloping countries are always confronting with natural disaster as a one of the most major challenges, which cause the local economy of the spoiled region irreversible damages and neutralize the effects of the development's achievements. It is crucial to pay more atte MoreDeveloping countries are always confronting with natural disaster as a one of the most major challenges, which cause the local economy of the spoiled region irreversible damages and neutralize the effects of the development's achievements. It is crucial to pay more attention to the rural areas not only due to being in the center zone of the catastrophe but also involving the large percentage of the nation and the lack of facilities that can cause the countryside a vulnerable are .The land use, communication, infrastructural installations and equipment and public welfare, etcetera can be considered by planning of the rural development process as the factors of the physical-based planning, although all these indicators are affected by the economic dimensions of the village. The purpose of this study is to identify the economic problems of the villages of Sorena district in the first stage and then to investigate its relationship with economic resilience. This research method was a combinational one and subsequently phenomenological method was utilized to detect the economic troubles and Pearson correlation coefficient was partially used .The results determined that the economic problems of the villages of the Sorena district are the lack of job security, the lack of diversity in the entrepreneurship, the corruption of the financial and monetary policy, the lack of proper facilities and infrastructure and these problems have a significant relationship with the economic resilience Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Urban Paneling based on the Level of Vulnerability Against Natural Disasters (Crisis Management): A Case Study on Nasimshahr
Mohammad Reza Zand MoghadamHigh construction and demographic congestions, low quality of buildings in the body of communication networks and high degree of surrounding and so on lead to loss of sustainability of living environments and an increase in the number of human waste and financial damage MoreHigh construction and demographic congestions, low quality of buildings in the body of communication networks and high degree of surrounding and so on lead to loss of sustainability of living environments and an increase in the number of human waste and financial damages in cases of crisis, especially earthquakes. This thesis is basically aimed at identifying the vulnerable places toward natural disasters as well as safe places at the time of occurrence of crisis for temporary residence and analyzing the role of effective factors in vulnerability of urban zones against earthquake.In this study, 7 indices, namely access to healthcare centers, degree of surrounding, construction congestion, demographic congestion, land usage, building longevity and building quality have been adopted, and vulnerability of the zones against earthquake was examined by means of GIS. Results suggest that old textures of Nasimshahr and body of the passages with high construction and demographic congestions, building low quality, too much distance from relief centers vis-à-vis other bodies and high degree of surrounding are highly vulnerable and will therefore have worse condition in crises. Among the zones, initial core of formation of Nasimshahr is the worst in terms of vulnerability and should be prioritized for crisis management in planning.Thus, 70% of residential textures of Nasimshahr are severely vulnerable; almost 20% of them lies within vulnerable limit, and only 10% lies within the less vulnerable limit. Therefore, the research hypothesis concerning vulnerability of the residential textures and variation of the regional vulnerability due to such characteristics as passage width,congestion,material applied in the buildings,against natural disasters is verified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Monthly and Seasonal Flood Distribution over Different Return Periods in River Gauge Stations of Ardabil Province
Raoof Mostafazadeh Ali Nasiri KhiaviFloods are one of the most destructive natural disasters that endanger social and economic conditions more than any other natural disaster. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the monthly and seasonal flood distribution in the different MoreFloods are one of the most destructive natural disasters that endanger social and economic conditions more than any other natural disaster. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the monthly and seasonal flood distribution in the different return periods in some river gauge stations of Ardabil Province. In this way, the data of 33 river gauge stations have been used, and the statistical period of the used data was 40 years. The EasyFit software was used to select the most appropriate statistical distribution for maximum discharge data in the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100-year. Based on the results, it can be said that in the studied stations, about 63.63% of the floods were related to the month of April. On the other hand, based on the results of the seasonal comparison charts, it can be said that the maximum floods were related to the spring season, and in all the return periods studied, the highest amount and percentage of floods occurred in spring season. In some stations such as Yamchi, Nouran, Neneh-Karan, Mashiran, Aouughin, Derou and Pol-e-Almas, nearly 100% of the floods were related to the spring season, and this shows that the floods in Ardabil Province were of spring type. Conducting the necessary studies and watershed-based planning is necessary in southern flood-prone areas of the Ardabil province, and the possibility of flooding in the future can be reduced and its damages minimized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Determining Criteria and Measuring Resilience Status of Urban Land Use in District 22 of Tehran
Elnaz Rezaie Esmail Salehi Akramomolok Lahijanian Amirhoshang EhsaniAs of late, the city's quick development has caused numerous urban issues. One of these critical issues in urban areas is the absence of readiness in case of catastrophes in metropolitan territories. So as to stay away from this, the estimation and investigation of urba MoreAs of late, the city's quick development has caused numerous urban issues. One of these critical issues in urban areas is the absence of readiness in case of catastrophes in metropolitan territories. So as to stay away from this, the estimation and investigation of urban land use avalanche is vital. The general target of this paper is to get successful factors in the degree of urban land use debasement and decide the significance of every one of the criteria and pointers of the territory. 22 urban communities of Tehran are the natural region. The examination technique for this exploration is diagnostic distinct and its temperament is appropriate. In this paper, hypothetical establishments were first presented through the gathering of data and narrative examinations. In the accompanying, to decide the degree of land use debasement, strength criteria dependent on the Delphi approach and the investigation of past examinations were resolved. At that point, with the assistance of 20 employees and specialists gaining practical experience in urban arranging and the board, a couple of markers were looked at. So as to assess and finish the versatility of the FAHP technique, the GIS framework has been utilized. The aftereffects of the exploration demonstrate that the mean auxiliary, characteristic basic, basic, financial, social spatial-utilitarian flexibility is 0.54, 0.20, 0.069 and 0.193 individually. At last, the evaluation and appraisal from region 22 demonstrated that the territory is tolerably unobtrusive Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - Analyzing the spatial changes of the minimum temperature of the eastern basins of Iran and its relationship with Teleconnections patterns of sea surface temperature
Amir GandomkarTemperature changes are one of the most important issues of human life in recent years and it is known as the most important manifestation of climate change in the current century. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the minimum temperature cha MoreTemperature changes are one of the most important issues of human life in recent years and it is known as the most important manifestation of climate change in the current century. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the minimum temperature changes in the eastern basins of Iran and its relationship with the sea surface temperature teleconnections patterns. In this regard, the monthly minimum temperature data of Mashhad, Sarakhs, Birjand, Zabol, Zahedan and Saravan stations and the data of 14 teleconnections patterns of sea surface temperature changes during the statistical period of 1987-2019 were used. At first, minimum temperature changes were investigated using new methods of spatial statistics and hot spot analysis. Then, the relationship between the studied variables was checked using Pearson's correlation test and linear regression. The results show that in all months, hot spots were observed in the southern and eastern areas of the basin and cold spots were observed in the northern and western areas of the basin. Hot and cold spots were observed in May more than other months and hot spots covered 31.87% of the study area and cold spots covered 32.58%. Correlation of the studied parameters also showed that in terms of time, the patterns of distant connection with the minimum temperature of January showed more correlation than other months. In contrast, there was no correlation in the months of June and November. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Flora life form and chorology of Plants in Dezli area, Kurdistan Province, Iran
Reza Omidipour Aydin Faraji Mohabat NadafThe study of the flora of each region important in the management and development of natural resources and the list of plants represents of vegetation cover and environment condition. The present study was carried out in Dezli region in Sarvabad county of Kurdistan prov MoreThe study of the flora of each region important in the management and development of natural resources and the list of plants represents of vegetation cover and environment condition. The present study was carried out in Dezli region in Sarvabad county of Kurdistan province with a total area of 12493.97 ha and mean annual precipitation (30 years) of this area was 804 mm. In order to introduce the flora of the area, field survey was used and plant species were collected and identified based on available Flora Life form and chorology of plant species were also determined. The results showed 113 species in 90 genera and 31 species in the region. The most important families were, Asteraceae (18 species and 17 genera), Poaceae (19 species and 15 genera) and Apiaceae (10 species and 9 genera). Life forms of plant species included, hemicritophytosis 47%, tetrophytes 30%, cryptophytes 12%, chamaephytes 7% and phanerophytes 4%. The high percentage of hemicritopathitis species indicated that the area had Cold mountainous area. The highest. Proportion of chorotypes belonged to Irano-touranian elements (67%). Also, 13% of the species had a European-Siberian pattern, as well as Mediterranean, 5% cosmopolitan were 12% and 5%, respectively, and 3% was endemic species of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Ethnobotanical investigation of medicinal plants of Glenrod watershed in Noor city
khadige mahdavi Maryam Kavianpoor Maedeh Yousefian mohammad mahdaviEthnobotany studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on the local traditional knowledge in each region. The aim of this study is to investigate the ethnobotanical medicinal plants of the local people of Glendrood watershed in Noor city. At first, the MoreEthnobotany studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on the local traditional knowledge in each region. The aim of this study is to investigate the ethnobotanical medicinal plants of the local people of Glendrood watershed in Noor city. At first, the information of local people about medicinal plants was collected by using a questionnaire and noted in the forms. In this region, 30 important medicinal species were identified by the people. So that the largest number of medicinal and edible plant species in the region belong to the Asteraceae and Labiate families. The use of studied plant species is used to cure colds, useful for the digestive system. The most used parts of these plants are the leaves, and then fruit or seeds. The results obtained from local reports showed that most of the preparation methods of plant species by local people are boiled and brewed and then they are used fresh or powdered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Investigation on essential oils of Anthemis kotschyanaBoiss. Var. discoides (Bornm.) Grierson
mb Rezaee کامکار Jaimand معصومه MazandaraniThe volatile constituents of Anthemis kotschyanaBoiss. Var. discoides (Bornm.) Grierson were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In this study samples were collected from west Azarbaigan province between Orumieh and Shahpur on lat May 2003. Accor MoreThe volatile constituents of Anthemis kotschyanaBoiss. Var. discoides (Bornm.) Grierson were isolated by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. In this study samples were collected from west Azarbaigan province between Orumieh and Shahpur on lat May 2003. According to literature, this species was not the subject of research up to now and therefore its chemical composition is not well known. The major constituents of Anthemis kotschyanaBoiss. Var. discoides (Bornm.) Grierson from flower head were b-acorenol (11.9%), artemisia alcohol (9.4%), ethyl hexanoate (8.8%) and n-nonadecane (5.6%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - Evaluation of antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from some native medicinal species of Golestan province
sareh hatamzadeh kamran Rahnama saeed nasrollahnejad khalil-berdi fotohifar khodayar hemmati james whiteMedicinal plants are a very rich source of antioxidant compounds. Endophytic fungi of medicinal plants, due to long-term coexistence with these plants produce plant secondary metabolites. Therefore, in this study, the antioxidant properties of endophytic fungi isolated MoreMedicinal plants are a very rich source of antioxidant compounds. Endophytic fungi of medicinal plants, due to long-term coexistence with these plants produce plant secondary metabolites. Therefore, in this study, the antioxidant properties of endophytic fungi isolated from 7 medicinal plants of the Asteraceae family includeing Matricaria chamomilla, Anthemis triumfetii, Anthemis parthenium, Anthemis altissima var. Altissima, Achillea millefolium, Achillea filipendulina, Cichorium intybus was investigated. The samplings were done from healthy plants and free of any diseases from most areas of Golestan province during 2016 spring. After morphological and molecular identification of endophytic fungi, the antioxidant property of 37 species of endophytic fungi was evaluated by DPPH free radicals metod. Based on the results, a significant difference of 99% was observed between the antioxidant properties of endophytic fungi. The lowest (32.1% ) and highest (98.8%) antioxidant activity were related to the Stemphylium amaranthi and Trametes versicolor fungi isolated from Anthemis triumfetii leaf and Achillea santolina stem tissues, respectively. In addition, the Schizophyllum commune with 98.8% antioxidant activity was placed in the same group with T. versicolor. The Cladioporium spp. such as Cladosporium cladosporioides and Cladosporium ramotenelum showed a high antioxidant activity of about 97%. Considering short-term production and the high growth rate of fungi, endophytes maybe a good choice for the production of antioxidant substances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - Study on Phytochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of extracts from different populations of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in Eastern Alborz
Maryam Farzaneh Atefe Amirahmadi Vahid Poozesh Fatemeh SalimiThis study was conducted to investigate the biochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of three accessions of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in eastern Alborz mountain range including Semnan and Mazandaran provinces. Flowering specimens were collected from three natu MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the biochemical diversity and antioxidant properties of three accessions of Perovskia abrotanoides Kar. in eastern Alborz mountain range including Semnan and Mazandaran provinces. Flowering specimens were collected from three natural habitats of Damghan (station 1, 1504 m), Kordmir (station 2, 1672 m) and Shahrud (station 3, 1285 m) in July 2018. The amount of proline, protein, soluble sugars, phenolic compounds, hydrogen peroxide, potassium, copper, zinc, iron, nickel, magnesium, manganese and calcium as well as soil salinity were measured. Methanolic, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts were extracted by soaking method and the antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging capacity. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with 3 replications and the comparison of data means was performed using Duncan's test at a probability level of 5%. The results showed that the highest amount of proline and potassium was in station 1, the highest amount of protein, phenolic compounds, soil salinity and magnesium content were obtained from station 3 and the highest amount of iron was observed in station 2. Moreover, station 3 had the highest level of antioxidant activity in all extracts, and all stations had the lowest level of antioxidant activity in hexane extract. Dichloromethane extracts in stations 2 and 3 had the highest level of antioxidant activity, while in station 1 the highest level of antioxidant activity was found in methanolic extract. Therefore, we concluded that with increasing soil salinity, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the populations of P. abrotanoides increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - Comparison content of parthenolide as an anti-migraine in Natural samples and tissue culture seedlings of some populations of Tanacetum parthenium L.
Reyhaneh Zandi Ali sonboli ghasem eghlima Hassan Rezadoost Mohammad Hossein MirjaliliSesqui-terpene lactone - parthenolide in Tanacetum parthenium L. is known as the most important medicinal substance with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasm and especially anti-migraine effects. In this study, the content of parthenolide in the flowering branches MoreSesqui-terpene lactone - parthenolide in Tanacetum parthenium L. is known as the most important medicinal substance with anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasm and especially anti-migraine effects. In this study, the content of parthenolide in the flowering branches of some natural populations of T. parthenium L. from different habitats in Gilan (Masoleh), Mazandaran (Chalos), Qom (Vishnu) and Tehran (Ahar) provinces were collected at the full flowering stage and compared with their flowered seedlings under in vitro conditions. In vitro seedlings were seeded and cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium enriched with hydrolyzed casein (100 mg/l), salicylic acid (2 mg/l) and benzylaminopurine (5 mg/l). The parthenolide content of flowering branches of all samples was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of variance analysis of the data showed that the effect of population and cultivation conditions as well as their interaction at the probability level of 1% on parthenolide content was significant. The parthenolide content in self-grown populations ranged from 0.13±0.007 to 1.03±0.113 mg/g dry weight and in tissue culture seedlings from 0.23±0.011 to 1.21±0.148 mg/g dry weight was variable. The highest and lowest parthenolide content was observed in Qom (Vashno) and Gilan (Masuleh) populations, respectively. Parthenolide content for all populations was higher in tissue culture samples than in natural samples. The findings of this study can be considered and exploited for the commercial production of parthenolide pharmaceutical composition under controlled conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Measurement And evaluation Resiliency Institutional and physical-environmental Urban communities to reduce natural disasters, Earthquake(Case study: Kerman city)
Ali Asghar Abdollahi Hojatollah Sharafi Yasser SabahiNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters MoreNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters. The main objective of this study is assessing the resilience index and constructive citizens (Institutional and physical - environmental) and determine the contribution of the factors resilience and their capacity to mitigate against natural (earthquake) in Kerman city.The research method is descriptive and analytical the type of relationship.The data required for analysis collected using a questionnaire which its validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha 887/0 formally approved. The population studied was the citizens of the city of Kerman.Finally, according to the terms of resiliency factors considered, the Institutional and physical - environmental indicators and factors that are mentioned in the above, And also utilizes software (spss) and statistical,one-sample t (One Sample T- test), Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis techniques are Also for weighting the criteria and sub-criteria of Shannon entropy and four municipalities in the ranking to assess the resilience of techniques and models ( WP,SAR) is used.Our results show that there is a significant relationship between the resiliency of citizens Institutional and physical – environmental components citizens against natural disasters, especially earthquakes. In this study, we hypothesized that the relationship between independent and dependent variables are the same approval and showing a high resiliency citizens about natural disasters with emphasis on earthquake. Finally, based on the techniques listed and ranked in order of zones, Zone 1, Zone 3, Zone 2, Zone 4 in terms of resiliency ranked. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Site Selection of Hospital Centers by Focusing on Natural Disaster and Benefiting ANP Model as (Case Study of District.5 of Tehran)
Abdulhamid Ghanbaran FARHAD Hosseinali Seyed Bagher Hosseini PEYMAN bahrami doostSite selection important urban land uses, including decisions impacting is the scale Therapeutic space that often urban managers is faced with complex decisions, The research aimed to Site selection hospital centers with emphasis on natural Disasters and using analysis MoreSite selection important urban land uses, including decisions impacting is the scale Therapeutic space that often urban managers is faced with complex decisions, The research aimed to Site selection hospital centers with emphasis on natural Disasters and using analysis network prosses (ANP) This research benefits from descriptive-analytical method and a list of criterions for site selection of hospitals is prepared and then, by using ANP technique and pair-wise comparison of item by 20 professors and experts in the field of urban planning, the weight of each criterion was calculated. In continuation according to the number of criterions and ultimate weight of sub-criterions, the desired layers at GIS was created. In continuation by using the analysis and map prepared based on priority for evaluation of hospital it was observed that the current site selection of hospitals in district.5 of Tehran from viewpoint of natural disasters is at unsuitable status and offering service to them specially while rising natural disasters is very difficult task. According to the findings due to merging informational layers' total number of 3 new points for establishment of hospital center was offered and through establishing SWOT table and considering the information offered by experts, appropriate place for construction of hospital was offered. Findings of the present research may offer solutions for urban managers in the way of understanding and prioritizing problems of urban management and finding solutions for such problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Evaluation and Analyzing the Impacts of Post-Reconstruction Elements in Skeletal-Physical Dimension of Cities (A Case Study of Manjil)
Fereshteh Navidi Majd Alireza Andalib hamid majediOne of the important issues in the event of natural disasters in cities is the reconstruction of cities after these accidents. In the process of post-traumatic reconstruction, elements and factors are influential and the set of these processes has several effects on dif MoreOne of the important issues in the event of natural disasters in cities is the reconstruction of cities after these accidents. In the process of post-traumatic reconstruction, elements and factors are influential and the set of these processes has several effects on different dimensions of urban development, especially physical-physical dimension. Manjil is one of the cities of Roudbar, Gilan province, which was severely damaged by an earthquake in 1369. The process of rebuilding the city after the accident has had many effects on the physical and physical aspects of the city. In this study, the effects of elements of post-traumatic reconstruction on this dimension and the impact of physical-physical indicators of these elements have been studied. To this end, the effects of these elements and indicators were evaluated through a questionnaire by 25 relevant experts and analyzed by nonparametric binomial statistical test as well as statistical indices. The results showed that the impact of post traumatic reconstruction elements on the physical and physical dimension of Manjil was high and the physical and physical indices of these elements were high too. Also, most of the effects of the reconstruction elements on indigenous, entrepreneurial, and facultative factors were physical and physical indices, as well as building resistance, passageways and access to services had the most impact on the post-traumatic reconstruction process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - An Analysis of the Resilience of Urban Communities to Earthquakes (A Case Study of the Cities of Ardebil, Tabriz and Urmia)
Ghader ahmadi mohammad hosein pour hasan zadeh amir soleimannezhadThe earthquake is one of the natural disasters with which the majority of cities in all countries encountered. This issue has been generally reinforced by the widest unconsidered human intervention in natural environment like unconventional constructions in the earthqua MoreThe earthquake is one of the natural disasters with which the majority of cities in all countries encountered. This issue has been generally reinforced by the widest unconsidered human intervention in natural environment like unconventional constructions in the earthquake fault range, lack or neglecting of criteria and constructions standards. Increasing the resilience of cities to natural disasters specifically earthquake is greatly effective in reducing damages and also is effective for recovery periods of communities. Accordingly, the present study seeks to evaluate and compare the resilience of Ardebil, Tabriz, and Urmia cities in four social, economic, institutional and physical-environmental dimensions. The research method is descriptive - analytic and its nature is an applied one. In this research, the theoretical framework of the research was initially carried out through the collection of information and the use of documentary studies. In order to investigate the resilience of the understudied cities, resilience criteria and sub-criteria were determined by examining the previous studies. Then the values of each of the indicators were obtained by field studies and approved projects in each of the understudied areas and the obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results showed that the cities of Ardebil and Tabriz were in a favorable situation with an average score of 3.35 and 3.33 respectively (higher than the average of 3), but the city of Urmia with an average of 2.71 (below the average of 3) was in an unsatisfactory situation in case of crises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Ranking Gas Stations from the Citizenships’ Viewpoints Using the Vikor Model (A Case Study of Eastern Part of Ahvaz Metropolis)
reza shooshtari Abbas MaroofnezhadWith the population increase in the cities of Iran, especially in the big cities, the demand for public services has increased too. Also, the need to use cars and, consequently, to create multiple gas stations has been increased more than ever before. Despite the fact t MoreWith the population increase in the cities of Iran, especially in the big cities, the demand for public services has increased too. Also, the need to use cars and, consequently, to create multiple gas stations has been increased more than ever before. Despite the fact that Iran is the second largest natural gas supplier in the world, it has long enjoyed the use and export of gas and diesel as the two most commonly fuel used for vehicles in most countries of the world. Given the difference in production capacity and gas consumption in the country, a large part of this fuel is supplied from abroad, which puts a lot of financial burden on buying, transportation and distribution at fuel terminals of the country's economy. The present study is objective as far as its objective is regarded and the method used in this study is a descriptive-analytical one. Using documentary resources and field surveys, a questionnaire consisting of 11 gas stations located in the eastern part of Ahvaz with seven indicators was designed and the stations were analyzed using the Vikor technique. The results of the study showed that among the stations, the position of gas station with Qi zero was ranked first and the position of the gas station of five companies with Qi 0.931 ranked the 11th or the last one. Therefore, in order to achieve spatial distribution and establish a relative balance in the distribution of services, measures should be taken to strengthen and increase the level of these seven indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - The Assessment of Residential Buildings' Physical Vulnerability against Earthquake (A Case Study of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran)
ferial ahmadi Alireza EskandarinejadEarthquake damage assessment of residential buildings of Sari is the main goal of the present research. Through a descriptive-analytic method, first, building information such as structure type, year of construction, and number of stories are taken from the Urban Compre MoreEarthquake damage assessment of residential buildings of Sari is the main goal of the present research. Through a descriptive-analytic method, first, building information such as structure type, year of construction, and number of stories are taken from the Urban Comprehensive Plan of Sari. Using these data, damage degree of each building class is computed for all zones of Sari’s regions using results obtained by the seismic hazard analysis of Sari along with taking into account the proper vulnerability curves. The obtained results showed that the percentages of the adobe and cinder block types of Sari residential buildings were 63, 66, 72, and 67 percent for Sari districts 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, which would be totally destroyed. Moreover, the least damage degrees were predicted for steel structures along with concrete ones with more than five stories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Self-regulated Learning Strategies, Achievement Goals and Listening Achievement of Iranian EFL Learners
Alieh Nasrollahi-Mouziraji Parviz Birjandi (Corresponding author) -
Open Access Article
195 - Pedagogical Utility of Cooperative Writing Technique through Performance-oriented Classroom Structure
Nafiseh Hosseinpour Reza Biria Ehsan Rezvani -
Open Access Article
196 - Social and Cultural Heritage of Murshidia in the City Of Khonj and Its Southern Regions (Seventh and Eighth Century Ah)
azam rahemejabereKhonj, a region in southern part of Fars, is considered as a stopover of the Persian Gulf beach. In the seventh century AH, a branch of Murshidia was founded there by Sheikh Rokn-O-Din Danial Khonji, causing widespread developments in this area and south of the Fars pro MoreKhonj, a region in southern part of Fars, is considered as a stopover of the Persian Gulf beach. In the seventh century AH, a branch of Murshidia was founded there by Sheikh Rokn-O-Din Danial Khonji, causing widespread developments in this area and south of the Fars province. Murshidia was initially founded by Shaikh abu Ishaq Kazaroni in Kazeroun, in the second half of the 4th century AH, and extended to most parts of Iran till the early nineteenth-century AD; and especially to Khonj, as an evidence of the flourishing and influential era of this trend. In this regard, the present article with a descriptive analytical method, investigate the effects of Murshidia followers on the cultural, social, and historical life of the city of Khonj. The cultural and social context of this city is being explored to explain the influence of Murshidia on the region. By studying the natural and cultural geography of the city, it is concluded that the strong social status of the Sufis, belief in the spirituality of Sheikh Abu Isaq Kazerouni, provision of social services, support of the rulers and being placed on the business road are among the effective reasons in development of Murshidia's tradition in Khonj. These reasons made a background for the important influences of the disciples on the cultural and historical life of this region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Constructivist Epistemology of the Model of Social Disasters in Crimes against Security Emphasizing the Disaster of Generation Gap and Multi-polarization
Mousavi Fard Seyed Mohammad Reza maryam foratiReceive Date: 2023/02/12 Revise Date: 2023/07/15   MoreReceive Date: 2023/02/12 Revise Date: 2023/07/15 Accept Date: 2023/07/16Incorrect management of generation gap and social disasters resulted from that on one hand, is changed to crimes against general security and on the other hand, to identity gap. It is possible with the constructivist theoretical approach examine the model of social crises caused by the generation gap and with security and delinquency prevention criminological approaches during middle time and long time, reduced its’ negative consequences. Constructivist approach provides best comprehension of social disasters caused by generation gap and its’ aspects. In this approach, the role of different factors; such as social networks on the process of social disasters is examined. However today social networks are one of the important arms of enemy for generation gap, social multi-polarization and weakness of national and political unity. For management of social disasters caused by generation gap, crisis-inducing social demands should be distinguished from organized crimes against public security and for prevention from changing a generation gap to identity gap and improvement of social security, using delinquency prevention criminological approaches is necessary. However the constructivist approach and using delinquency prevention criminological in middle time or long time is resulted in decrease of mentioned disasters’ functions and improvement of social security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - A Fuzzy Multi-objective Optimization Model in Sustainable Supply Chain Network Design Considering Financial Flow
Seyed Hesamoddin Motevalli Adel Pourghader Chobar Maryam Ebrahimi Raheleh AlamiparvinIntegrated and coordinated planning of the main functions of the supply chain (procurement, production and distribution) often leads to economic efficiency and, as a result, more profit for the entire supply chain. On the other hand, the financial flow and the flow of g MoreIntegrated and coordinated planning of the main functions of the supply chain (procurement, production and distribution) often leads to economic efficiency and, as a result, more profit for the entire supply chain. On the other hand, the financial flow and the flow of goods and information are crucial and influential flows in any supply chain. In this paper, the main contribution is to integrated planning of procurement, production and distribution for a multi-product supply chain in order to maximize the producer's profit and also minimize the deviations of the producer's financial indicators by considering both the physical and financial flow. In this regard, the studded supply chain includes several suppliers, one producer and several customers. One of the prominent features of the proposed model is the use of mathematical programming to model the financial flow and achieve the producer's financial goals. Since the presented model is a bi-objective one, two fuzzy multi-objective interactive methods, Selim and Ozkarahan (SO) and Torabi and Hassini (TH) can adjust the degree of satisfaction of the objective functions have been applied. Next, the model is optimized using the goal programming method. Finally, the numerical results in optimizing the proposed fuzzy model show the proposed model's efficiency and the high quality of performance and applicability of the proposed model. The core achievement in the numerical results is that the total value of the distribution in the two models is equal. However, the SO method obtains more unbalanced solutions when the decision maker pays more attention to the first objective function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - پتانسیل عصاره Aju Mbaise (AME) بر بهبود استرس اکسیداتیو و آسیب کبدی ناشی از دوتاستراید در موش صحرایی
رابرت اوروکو الیشا اوگو پل نیوجی-آنیالوو ایکنا اوبیورو چینومسو هارون اوبینا امباBackground & Aim: Aju Mbaise is a polyherbal extract with nutraceutical properties that helps to replenish the volume of blood lost during childbirth and improves breast milk secretion and the general wellbeing of the mother. This study evaluated the ameli MoreBackground & Aim: Aju Mbaise is a polyherbal extract with nutraceutical properties that helps to replenish the volume of blood lost during childbirth and improves breast milk secretion and the general wellbeing of the mother. This study evaluated the ameliorative potentials of Aju Mbaise extract (AME) on Dutasteride-induced oxidative stress and hepatic injury in rats. Twenty-one rats were used to assess the acute toxicity of AME.Experimental: The study for the hepatoprotective effects of AME had five groups of rats, including normal control, Dutasteride only, AME only, Dutasteride + AME (500 mg/kg) and Dutasteride+ AME (1000 mg/kg).Results: The acute toxicity result showed that AME is relatively safe for consumption. Dutasteride caused significant elevation of liver marker enzymes, including aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly reduced catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), total proteins, albumin, and globulin levels in the rats received only Dutasteride. In contrast, Dutasteride induced rats treated with AME showed a significant decline in the AST, ALT, ALP, MDA, and bilirubin and significantly increased SOD, GSH, GPx, total proteins, albumin, and globulin levels compared to Dutasteride induced untreated rats. The AME-treated rats showed normal liver histo-architecture, unlike the Dutasteride-induced untreated rats that showed mild to moderate vacuolar degeneration of the hepatocytes.Recommended applications/industries: The findings show that AME ameliorates Dutasteride caused rats oxidative stress and hepatic injury. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - اثر شیر خشت بر زردی نوزادان یک مرور نظامند همراه با متا آنالیز
علیرضا صالحی محدثه استوار مریم مرزبانزمینه و هدف: در طب سنتی از شیر خشت به عنوان یک روش درمانی به صورت سنتی در طب ایرانی برای درمان زردی نوزادان استفاده میشود. با استفاده از متا آنالیز و مرور متون، اثر شیر خشت بر زردی نوزادان بررسی شد. روش تحقیق: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر کارآزمایی های با Moreزمینه و هدف: در طب سنتی از شیر خشت به عنوان یک روش درمانی به صورت سنتی در طب ایرانی برای درمان زردی نوزادان استفاده میشود. با استفاده از متا آنالیز و مرور متون، اثر شیر خشت بر زردی نوزادان بررسی شد. روش تحقیق: هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر کارآزمایی های بالینی انجام شده در مورد شیرخشت بر زردی نوزادان است. شیوه اصلی که در این مطالعه استفاده شده شامل جستجو مقالات انگلیسی و فارسی تا مارچ 2016 بوده است. کیفبت کارآزمایی های بالینی با استفاده از چک لیست کانسورت برای مداخلات دارویی بررسی شد. هفت مطالعه که دارای تورش پایین یا متوسط بوده اند با 804 شرکت کننده برابر با 410 مورد در برابر 394 شاهد برای ورود به مطالعه مروری و یا متا آنالیز با نرم افزار CMA نسخه 2.2 انتخاب شدند. نتایج: مقدار کلی بیلی روبین پلاسما در 0، 12، 24 ، 36، 48 ساعت و طول دوره اقامت در بیمارستان کنترل شده و هیچگونه عارضه جانبی گزارش نشده است. متاآنالیز نشان دهنده هتروژنیتی برجسته ای از نتایج بوده است(Q-value = 132.446, P< 0.0001, I2 = 87.165, τ = 0.998). با این حال، اثرات موثر شیرخشت بر زردی نوزادان نشان داده شده است(n= 804, OR = 0.242, 95% CI: 0.147 to 0.399, P < 0.0001). همچنین میتوان اذعان نمود که شیر خشت میتواند مدت اقامت در بیمارستان را نیز کاهش دهد(n= 804, SMD= -1.154, 95% CI: -1.854 to -0.455, P< 0.001). با این حال نتایج به دست آمده هتروژن و ناهمگن بوده است(Q-value= 119.642, P< 0.0001, I2= 94.985, τ= 0.913). توصیه های کاربردی/ صنعتی: گرچه که متاآنالیز شیر خشت بر زردی نوزدان نشان دهنده اثر مثبت شیرخشت بر زردی نوزادان در این مطالعات بوده، با این حال انجام مطالعات چند مرکزی کارآزمایی بالینی با حجم نمونه بالاتر که برای عوامل خطر کنترل شده و مقایسه آن با روش درمان رایج که فتوتراپی می باشد توصیه می­شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - مطالعه اتنوبوتانی گیاهان دارویی بخش مرکزی شهرستان زنجان، استان زنجان
لیلا مقانلو فرخ قهرمانی نژاد مهناز وفادارمقدمه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه، مستندسازی مصارف دارویی گیاهان مورد استفاده در بخش مرکزی شهرستان زنجان می باشد. گونه های دارویی و موارد مربوط به کاربردهای اتنوفارماکولوژی آنها با مراجعه به 32 نفر (17 مرد و 15 زن) از بومیان منطقه، پزشکان سنتی، عطارها و فروشندگان گیاهان خو Moreمقدمه و هدف: هدف از این مطالعه، مستندسازی مصارف دارویی گیاهان مورد استفاده در بخش مرکزی شهرستان زنجان می باشد. گونه های دارویی و موارد مربوط به کاربردهای اتنوفارماکولوژی آنها با مراجعه به 32 نفر (17 مرد و 15 زن) از بومیان منطقه، پزشکان سنتی، عطارها و فروشندگان گیاهان خودرو، جمع آوری گردید. روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه 77 گونه گیاهی متعلق به 32 خانواده گزارش شدند. نتایج نشان می دهد که خانواده Asteraceae با 14 گونه بیشترین تعداد گونه ها را شامل می شود. بخش هوایی گیاه با مقدار 27% ، دارای بیشترین تعداد کاربرد دارویی می باشد. نتایج و بحث: در بین گیاهان جمع آوری شده، Achillea millefolium, Achillea tenuifolia, Achillea wilhelmsii, Alcea transcaucasica Anchusa strigosa, Cichorium intybus, Cichorium pumilum, Descurainia sophia, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Falcaria vulgaris, Fumaria asepala, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Juglans regia, Malva neglecta, Mentha longifolia, Nasturtium officinalis, Peganum harmala, Rosa canina, Stachys lavandulifolia, Thymus kotschyanus, Tragopogon graminifolius، توسط بسیاری از ساکنین منطقه مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند. بیشترین مقدار FIC محاسبه شده در بین 14 گروه بیماری، معادل 0.92 است که مربوط به بیماریهای سرماخوردگی و مشکلات تنفسی می باشد. توصیه کاربردی: با توجه به تنوع زیاد گیاهان دارویی در منطقه، اهمیت مطالعات اتنوبوتانی در جهت حفظ گنجینهای ارزشمند از تجربیات پزشکی، حفظ منابع گیاهی موجود، کشت و توسعه گیاهان دارویی سازگار با شرایط اکولوژیک منطقه، دستیابی به داروهای جدید و پیشرفت صنعت داروسازی و توسعه طرحهای اشتغالزایی، ضروری می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - مقایسهی تاثیرات ضد اسهال دو ترکیب گیاهی پودر سنجد و پلانتاژل در سگ
علیرضا لطفی سام ترکان محسن جعفریان دهکردیBackground & Aim:Increasing the tendency in families for taking care of pets makes people pay more attention to their disease especially the common ones. In recent years the tendency to use of herbal drugs has increased in animals. Herbal drugs MoreBackground & Aim:Increasing the tendency in families for taking care of pets makes people pay more attention to their disease especially the common ones. In recent years the tendency to use of herbal drugs has increased in animals. Herbal drugs are plants that one or some of their members have effective. We supposed that the Elaeagnus angustifolia(oleaster) powder has the plantagel. Therefore, the aim of this study is to compare the oleaster powder herbal compounds and plantagel as anti-diarrhea in dogs. Experimental: This study was done on 12 male dogs collar (3 quadri groups) with the similar approximate weight and similar age in veterinary clinic of Islamic azad university of Shahrekord branch. Sana flower herbal syrup was used to cause the diarrhea in all 3 groups. They received 15 mg/kg every 12 hours and all groups were suffering from diarrhea. Three groups were studied including testifier group without remedy, the first care group that received 5 mg/kg of oleaster and the second care group that received the plantagel powder every day and during this period of time the whole index related to diarrhea were exanimate whether on aspect of clinical or mortal factors. Results: By looking at the mortal indices, it was observed that the percentage of hematocrit in plantagel and oleaster groups in comparison with testifier group in recovery time was significantly different (P>0.05), that shows the recovery of mortal hematocrit index. Also the percentage of neutrophils in oleastergroup with testifier and plantagel groups was observed a meaningful difference which is reducethat is a sample of meaningful increase in comparison with other groups (P>0.05). Also by sampling from excrement, the numbers of the bacteria showed a meaningful difference in oleaster and plantagel group in comparison with testifier group (P>0.05). Recommended applications/ industries: The use of oleaster powder as dose and time dependent causes reducing the duration of diarrhea because of the prehensile materials in oleaster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - بررسی تغییرات کمی و کیفی اسانس گیاه Artemisia haussckenechtii درسه مرحله نموی در استان لرستان
حمزه امیری مسعود گودرزیمقدمه و هدف: گونه های Artemisia که در فارسی با نام درمنه معروف هستند در بیشتر نقاط ایران می رویند و برای درمان بیماری های عفونی مثل مالاریا، هپاتیت و دیگر بیماری های عفونی به کار می روند. از گونه های درمنه بصورت سنتی به عنوان مقوی و ضدانگل استفاده می نمایند. در مناطق غر Moreمقدمه و هدف: گونه های Artemisia که در فارسی با نام درمنه معروف هستند در بیشتر نقاط ایران می رویند و برای درمان بیماری های عفونی مثل مالاریا، هپاتیت و دیگر بیماری های عفونی به کار می روند. از گونه های درمنه بصورت سنتی به عنوان مقوی و ضدانگل استفاده می نمایند. در مناطق غربی ایران Artemisia haussknechtii. در درمان سوء هاضمه و اختلالات گوارشی مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. روش تحقیق: بخش­های هوایی گیاه مورد نظر از منطقه چمشک در جنوب شهرستان خرم آباد واقع در استان لرستان جمع آوری گردید و پس از خشک شدن در سایه جهت اسانس گیری با روش تقطیر با آب(Hydrodistillation) مورداستفاده قرارگرفت. اسانس بدست آمده از این گیاه به وسیله دستگاههای GC-MS و GC آنالیز گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که بازده اسانس در مراحل قبل از گلدهی، گلدهی و پس از گلدهی به ترتیب2/1%، 5/2% و 6/1% بود. 33 ترکیب در روغن اسانسی مرحله قبل از گلدهی، 16ترکیب در اسانس مرحله گلدهی و 29 ترکیب در اسانس مرحله پس از گلدهی شناسایی شد. کامفور، 1و8-سینئول و سیس داونون مهمترین ترکیب های اسانس در طی سه مرحله مورد مطالعه است. همچنین بیشترین مقدار کامفور به عنوان مهمترین ترکیب اسانس در در مرحله گلدهی به دست می آید. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: کامفور به عنوان مهمترین ترکیب اسانس این گیاه دارای خواصی از جمله محرک، ضد اسپاسم، ضد عفونی کننده، ضد احتقان، داروی بیهوشی، مسکن، ضد االتهاب و آفت کش است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Scrutinizing the probabilities of breaking out a war in the wake of China's rise into arena of great powers
Mahdi NasrChina alone has questioned lots of presuppositions of the world system after the cold war, those which were in America's benefit. Now the question is whether China's rise, just as status quo, will traverse a peaceful trajectory. To answer this question, we should consid MoreChina alone has questioned lots of presuppositions of the world system after the cold war, those which were in America's benefit. Now the question is whether China's rise, just as status quo, will traverse a peaceful trajectory. To answer this question, we should consider different suppositions. The first supposition is piece in the meaning of Chinese surrendering to U.S. and the acceptance of American intentions in East Asia and in other regions in the world. The second one is China's confrontation with the United States and entering into war with U.S. in regions dominated by this country, especially eastern Asia. But there is a mediocre third supposition. In this supposition, one country can neither go to immediate war, nor do its interests and power allow it to compromise. Our hypothesis is that China follows the third logic, i. e. neither war nor piece. But if China's rise continues, disputes will grow notably in eastern Asia. This essay uses "offensive realism" as a theoretical framework to be applied on this subject. The results are going to be shown according to history and experimental considerations. Manuscript profile -
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205 - A Comparative Study of the Factors of the Continuation of Iran's Foreign Policy in the Eastern Mediterranean)Era Safavid and Islamic Republic(
Ali Khorsandi اعظم ملاییSince the Safavid era, the Eastern Mediterranean region, has affected the Iran's national security and interests. The current research seeks to answer the question, "What are the components of the continuity of Iran's foreign policy in the Eastern Mediter MoreSince the Safavid era, the Eastern Mediterranean region, has affected the Iran's national security and interests. The current research seeks to answer the question, "What are the components of the continuity of Iran's foreign policy in the Eastern Mediterranean during the Safavid period and the Islamic Republic?" The temporary answer that the researchers put forward as a hypothesis is that "Security-strategic needs and cultural-religious commonalities have been the most important reasons for the continuity of Iran's foreign policy in the Eastern Mediterranean, and the difference in Iran's approach to Europe has been one of the differences between Iran's policy in the two periods." The findings show that the similarity of the type and role identity of the Safavid statesmen and the Islamic Republic of Iran led to the definition of common interests and similar foreign policy approaches by them. Iran's continuous strategic competition with other regional powers and the need to contain their threats far from the borders, the role of Shiites in the Eastern Mediterranean in advancing Iran's goals, economic interests and the dependence of Iran's geopolitical competition on identity and ideology are the most important reasons for the continuity of Iran's foreign policy during the two periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - The Political and Security Relations of Russia and the United States in Eastern Europe during Putin’s Presidency (1998-2008)
Hamid Hadiyan Hasti SaifThe international system after the end of the Cold War is still in transition. There is not yet an established situation in relations of the governments. The former bipolar world has given its place to a chaotic world which does not have a definite order. The Soviet Uni MoreThe international system after the end of the Cold War is still in transition. There is not yet an established situation in relations of the governments. The former bipolar world has given its place to a chaotic world which does not have a definite order. The Soviet Union and the United States competed with each other during the Cold War era for nearly half a century due to bipolar power structure and nature. For this reason, the study of the relations of these two countries has attracted the attention of observers. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union and separation of several republics and formation of Russian Federation many changes took place in the relations of the two. The relations of the United States and Russia took a new shape during Vladimir Putin presidency due to presence and influence of the United States in the periphery and sphere of influence of Russia. The partnership for peace plan by NATO with Central Asian, Caucasus and former Eastern Europe countries led to sharp differences between Russia and NATO, also deployment of missile defense shield of the United States in Czech Republic and Poland have been among important issues and challenging factors in relations of the two. These measures by the United States have had Russia’s reaction in the shape of energy diplomacy and armament diplomacy. In this regard the Eastern Europe has been the hotbed of all these events. This region, therefore, devoted a high priority region in security policies of Russia and the United States within 1998-2008 periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - The Tragic Structure of Siyavash Story
mahdi Mohaghegh iraj Mehraki khadijeh Bahrami RahnamaThe aim of this article is to show that the “ Tragic structure “ in the Story of Siyavsh is describable. In the story we see the tragic evolution of characters, events and scenes. sometimes the events in the story are so intensely int MoreThe aim of this article is to show that the “ Tragic structure “ in the Story of Siyavsh is describable. In the story we see the tragic evolution of characters, events and scenes. sometimes the events in the story are so intensely interwoven that the cause and effect relationship of events can not be separated and removing one element in the story would seriously affect all the elements and factors that make up the totality of the work. Therefore through the study of these factors, and elements it is possible to carry out a analytical study of the tragic story of Siyavash. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - A glance at voage Fictions in the realm of Iran and world Literature
morteza HashemiThe motife of “Traveling” has a high and important position in the field of world literature and remarkable works based on have been created. In addition to uncountable poetical pieces- often- in description of enchanting and charming of traveling, so many e MoreThe motife of “Traveling” has a high and important position in the field of world literature and remarkable works based on have been created. In addition to uncountable poetical pieces- often- in description of enchanting and charming of traveling, so many epics , tales, fictions and travel accounts based on this old phenomenon of Mankind life are exposed to public view , in the literature domain, and some of most famous literary works are formed based on voyage and navigation. The writer attempt in this article is the presentation of most important works in this field and makes a comparison between classical and preceding Persian and European (Greek and Latin ) works , also enumeration of similarities and differences of such kind. In this survey, we find out that some valuable works , in poetry and prose , in the Persian literature domain are created by talented and visulizer Persian writers which are notable and comparable with first rate works of world Literature. As the most important characteristics of these works can be enumerated as followings: confrontation with natural and supernatural obstacles and occurrences, welcoming to danger and adventuresomeness , heros’ entrance to unknown islands and places and finally shipwreck phenomenon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Analysis of urban vulnerability criteria's in possible disaster Case Study: Bijar City
M.R. rezaei مهدی alian A.R asgariDiscussion of disaster management in disasters is important issues in urban planning, and recognizing the vulnerability of different parts of the city, seem to be necessary. It should be accepted that always a percentage of crises are inevitable, but the vast majority o MoreDiscussion of disaster management in disasters is important issues in urban planning, and recognizing the vulnerability of different parts of the city, seem to be necessary. It should be accepted that always a percentage of crises are inevitable, but the vast majority of threats, disaster and inflammation are imposed and before the outbreak, those must be forecast and prevented with investigation and correct management. This research to achieve accurate perspective on disaster management and prevention of surprise managers, as a first step and the basis for management decisions, identifies and analyzes the vulnerability situation of Bijar city. This study has been done with uses the data of blocks in 1390 and eight criteria's, quality of buildings, construction materials, number of stories, old buildings, plots area, level of occupancy rate, population density and land with fuzzy approach. The results show that very high vulnerability tissues are located in central and southern parts of the Bijar city. These areas partially are based on old and worn out tissues of the city and may have been exposed to the greatest risks when probable disaster. In Bijar city Tzeabad and Almasieh neighborhoods than other neighborhoods are in higher vulnerability. It should be noted that, while the eastern and northern neighborhoods of the city, including neighborhoods Takhte olia, Takhte sofla and Lower, less vulnerable than other neighborhoods, but are far until u desirable and ideal situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - Measuring Physical Dimensions of Urban Resilience in The Face of the Natural Disasters (Earthquake) (Case Study: Tehran's 12th District)
hojjat allah pashapour M. pourakramiThe damage and casualties caused by natural disasters will depend on the state of readiness of the event. Building resilient cities of various sizes is a suitable and effective way to strengthen the structure of the city to deal with crises and natural and unnatural dis MoreThe damage and casualties caused by natural disasters will depend on the state of readiness of the event. Building resilient cities of various sizes is a suitable and effective way to strengthen the structure of the city to deal with crises and natural and unnatural disasters. This study in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of method is descriptive - analytical. In this study, data collection was based on library and documentary methods and for data analysis we used AHP Fuzzy model. Results showed that the measure of physical properties of texture with a weight of 0.424, and sub-criteria’s such as Street width with a weight of 0.238, building resistance with a weight of 0.120, access to the park with a weight of 0.102 are the most important criteria and sub-criteria in physical resilience of Tehran's 12th district. The final maps of regional physical resilience showed that only 1.03 percent of the area texture has high resiliency and 74.64% of the area has medium resilience and 24.33% of the area has low resilience. Also, the results showed that Tehran's 12th district buildings according to the age of buildings and their quality, the narrow access, the fine-grained segmentation, the increased occupancy levels, and the lack of open space that threaten the peoples’ lives in this area are in contrast with urban resilience. This issue warns us of more damage and casualties when an earthquake occurs. Manuscript profile -
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211 - Evaluating the Practices of Rural Settlements Reconstruction after the Earthquake Disaster, With an Emphasis on Rural Vitality (Case Study: Dastjerdeh County- Tarom Township)
Jamshid Einali Bhroz Mohammad Yeganeh Zahra MohammadiReconstruction of rural settlements of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes SybDydh one of the most important approaches to disaster management and efforts are being made at this stage comes to the various effects on rural development and specifically on the vita MoreReconstruction of rural settlements of natural disasters, particularly earthquakes SybDydh one of the most important approaches to disaster management and efforts are being made at this stage comes to the various effects on rural development and specifically on the vitality of its residents. In general, three major reconstruction policies, such as integration, relocation planning Drjasazy been used. The objective is to evaluate the practices to research rural SkvntgaHhay reconstruction after the 1369 earthquake disaster and its impact on rural vitality Democrats. Functional and descriptive analytical study based on data collected through field study through questionnaires is required. 13 political districts rural areas located within Dastjerdeh (city Tarom) has been selected for the study. The number of families living in the village in 1390, over 2083 cases, using a sample of 280 households chosen randomly Grdydv questionnaire distributed in the villages. To analyze the data, the statistical tests such as single-sample t, t the sample, factor analysis and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. The results show that the reconstruction of the villages’ MyDhd SybDydh the earthquake had a negative impact on residents and based on the average vitality index, the change is significant at 99%. Lvnz test vitality index difference created by the two different ways in comfort, BhdashtMhyt, safety and security, infrastructure, aesthetics is significant. Kruskal-Wallis test results show that the ranking was rebuilt settlements, most of the changes in the dimensions of vitality in the village has been Dastjerdeh. Manuscript profile -
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212 - Urban disaster management with Emphasis on Process after disaster
masood taghvaee Mozhgan DarabiNatural disasters lead to sad tragedies and very day life would be disordered after them, people would need to food, cloths, shelter, and healthcare. All nations need the crisis management in order to reduce the impacts of natural disasters, managing the relief operatio MoreNatural disasters lead to sad tragedies and very day life would be disordered after them, people would need to food, cloths, shelter, and healthcare. All nations need the crisis management in order to reduce the impacts of natural disasters, managing the relief operation, rescue, temporary settlement, and reconstruction. In this paper we study the initial level of crisis which includes safety, warning, and training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - The Zoning of Human Bioclimatic Comfort in Gilan Province
bahman ramzaniThe human, ever for better life is flow to convenient climate, because between human and climate condition is sustainable relationship. change in climatic elements such as Temperature , Relative humidity and etc , can have problems on human Bioclimatic Comfort .Th MoreThe human, ever for better life is flow to convenient climate, because between human and climate condition is sustainable relationship. change in climatic elements such as Temperature , Relative humidity and etc , can have problems on human Bioclimatic Comfort .This phenomena is a goal for Climatologist and Environmental planning for recognition of comfort zone . The aim of this research Paper has recognition of human bioclimatic comfort zoning in Gilan .The research method of this research has used from climogram of Olgay , Givoni ,Lancaster- Carsten and Beiker .The result of paper has shown that Beiker method and Lancaster-Carsten for Coastal zone by Geographical information system maps have many convenient months and the mountainous zone with Olgay and Givoni method is comfort. The comfort zone in two area has shown by iso human bioclimatic comfort maps with G.I.S. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Analysis and grading the employment indexes in Isfahan province towns (Using the factor and clus-ter analysis technique)
سمانه مسیبی سید اسکندر صیدایی علی زنگی آبادیEvaluation of employment and unemployment in human developing will be very important. Many sensitase items have effect on these process. Comperrision of&nbs MoreEvaluation of employment and unemployment in human developing will be very important. Many sensitase items have effect on these process. Comperrision of this pure mers in different population will give us different result , therefore they can not get a valuable disesion. Human development index for comporision among different towns in Isfahan province is our study for employing and unemploing of the people in this province. Our study evaluated by different factor analysis and reduse to five factor and combination of these five factors have a good significant. With claster analysis the category of different towns in this study have been evaluated, and First group is : Borkhar o meyme, Najaf abad , Mobarakeh, Kashan, Khomeyni shahr, Lenjan, Isfahan, Shahreza. Second group is: Falavarjan, Tiran va karvan, A ran va bidgol. Thid group is : Ardestan, Naeen. Forth group is : Khansar, Golpayegan, Chadegan, Fereydan, Fereydoon shahr, Semirom, Dehaghan, Natanz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - The Role Of Flood Anticipation And Warming Systems In Reducing Flood Adverse Impacts
Hossain Mohammadi Mehran Maghsoudi Gholam Reza RowshanIn this field, flood one of the most dangers disasters for people of many countries face it and is one of the most destroying disasters among 15 known natural climatology all over the world. For example, about 196 million people in over 90 countries are exposed to dange MoreIn this field, flood one of the most dangers disasters for people of many countries face it and is one of the most destroying disasters among 15 known natural climatology all over the world. For example, about 196 million people in over 90 countries are exposed to danger of flood water.The increase in the population and the shortage of agricultural lands led to human population movement to the flood water plains and this intensifies the danger of flood water and its effects. But nowadays, considering the destroying effects of flood water on the human societies, structural methods of protection against flood water such as flood water bands and other methods of controlling and directing flood water, can be efficient only when the design capacity of these structures is high. But when these structures break, always a remaining risk exists. In most cases, such structures may be improper or their execution may be impossible because of environmental reasons and therefore non-structural methods are needed. The flood water warning for directing of the remaining risk is necessary and it is one of the most efficient methods of non-structural methods for flood water management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - اثر اسید سالیسیلیک، اسید سیتریک و اسید آسکوربیک روی کیفیت پس از برداشت و عمر گلجای گل های بریده ژربرا
مونا مهدی خواه رسول انسی نژاد محمد نبی ایلکایی بهزاد کاویانیگل بریده ژربرا به آلودگی میکروبی حساس است و عمر گلجایی کوتاهی دارد. اثر اسید سالیسیلیک، اسید سیتریک و اسید آسکوربیک (50، 100 و 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) روی عمر گلجای گل­های ژربرا ارزیابی شد. تغییرات در عمر گلجای، جذب آب و جمعیت باکتریایی در ساقه و محلول گلجای، همچن Moreگل بریده ژربرا به آلودگی میکروبی حساس است و عمر گلجایی کوتاهی دارد. اثر اسید سالیسیلیک، اسید سیتریک و اسید آسکوربیک (50، 100 و 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) روی عمر گلجای گل­های ژربرا ارزیابی شد. تغییرات در عمر گلجای، جذب آب و جمعیت باکتریایی در ساقه و محلول گلجای، همچنین ویژگی­های بیوشیمیایی مانند غلظت پروتیین، سطح پراکسیده­شدن لیپید و فعالیت آنزیم­هایی نظیر سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و پراکسیداز اندازه­گیری شدند و با شاهد مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که بیشینه عمر گلجای (31/11 و 21/11 روز) به­ترتیب در 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر هم اسید سیتریک و هم اسید سالیسیلیک به­دست آمد. عمر گلجایی گل­های شاخه­بریده شاهد 80/5 روز بود. بیشترین جذب محلول (907/0 میلی­لیتر بر گرم وزن تر) همچنین در 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک به­دست آمد. کمترین کلنی باکتریایی در انتهای ساقه (151) و محلول گلجای (33/66) در 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک به­دست آمد. تفاوت­ها بین میزان کلنی­های باکتریایی در محلول گلجای حاوی 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک و 100 و 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک با 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک معنی­دار نبود. کمترین مقدار (04/46 و 21/46 نانومول بر گرم وزن تر) پراکسیده­شدن لیپید (MDA) به­ترتیب از گل­های بریده تیمارشده با 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک و 100 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سالیسیلیک به­دست آمد. بیشینه فعالیت پراکسیداز (063/0 میلی­مول بر گرم وزن تر) و سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (80/40 نانو­مول بر گرم وزن تر) در 200 میلی­گرم بر لیتر اسید سیتریک مشاهده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Informal Sources of Financing Climate Change Adaptation amongst Crop Farmers in Nigeria
Agbugba Ikechi K. Ihemezie Eberechukwu J Adam E. Ahmed -
Open Access Article
218 - Investigating Agricultural Productivity Growth and Convergence in Iran and Eastern African Countries
Maryam Shokoohi Mohammad Kavoosi Kalashami Farzad SerajzadehThe issue of convergence or divergence of productivity has important policy for regional poverty reduction and increasing standards of living. If productivity converges to a common level without intervention, there is little need for explicit policies in lagging regions MoreThe issue of convergence or divergence of productivity has important policy for regional poverty reduction and increasing standards of living. If productivity converges to a common level without intervention, there is little need for explicit policies in lagging regions to promote catch up. On the other hand, productivity has divergence trend, then explicit policies would be needed to prevent further lagging of TFP and standard of living. Therefore, with regard to importance subject, this paper in finding out whether Iran and Eastern African countries in agriculture have managed to narrow their productivity gap? The results show that the range changes of average TFP growth lies between -4.9 percent in Rwanda countries and 1.1 percent in Iran and Somalia. The results of convergence test indicate that, from among 9 countries under consideration only five countries, be converging to the mean. Therefore, these countries managed to make better use of new available technologies, thus reaching far greater productivity levels than others. On the opposite, convergence can not be accepted for the rest countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Analysis of the issues of compiling master's theses in the field of Architecture and Urban planning
hamzeh zeraati mohsen ghasemi mansour nikpourAn architectural dissertation is not only the most important part of a portfolio of architecture and urban planning graduates, but can also have a job in the industry or apply for a graduate program. Therefore, doing it correctly and scientifically can be an opportunity MoreAn architectural dissertation is not only the most important part of a portfolio of architecture and urban planning graduates, but can also have a job in the industry or apply for a graduate program. Therefore, doing it correctly and scientifically can be an opportunity for creative ideas to emerge in the designed process. To this end, the present article examines the obstacles and challenges of advancing the development of master's theses. The method of the present study was analytical and survey that the data analysis method of the foundation and semi-structured interview were used to answer the research question. The interview was conducted using the Delphi method with 24 professors of the Department of Architecture and Urban Planning. Theoretical sampling method, which is the most common method in the data analysis method of the foundation, was used until theoretical saturation was achieved. TI was used; The results of the analysis showed that in connection with the low quality of master's theses in architecture and urban planning and the lack of creative ideas in them external conditions and contexts, job and financial constraints of senior students of architecture and urban planning, restrictions on guidance and counseling and evaluation of master theses And ... has been effective that can be purposefully planned in order to eliminate them and develop correct and practical methods in teaching theoretical and research foundations, guidance and accurate and accurate evaluation of dissertations, finally the scientific development of architecture and urban planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Citation Analysis of Master's thesis at the Institute of Culture, Arts and Communications during 1379-1388
Ashrafsadat Bozorgi Mahbubeh Ghafuri Maryamsadat MirheidariPurpose: The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the references of Master of Art theses that are collected in research institute for culture, art and communications. Theses are published in five majors, including Persian Language and Literature. The study t MorePurpose: The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the references of Master of Art theses that are collected in research institute for culture, art and communications. Theses are published in five majors, including Persian Language and Literature. The study targets a 10-year period from 2000 to 2009 (1379 to 1388). Methodology: This study used bibliometric and citation analysis method. The population was 352 thesis with 27460 citations. Findings: The findings show that books have been most cited. Journals, theses and Internet resources have 2nd to 4th rank. Every thesis has an average of 78.01 references. The largest number of references is published in Persian. Time coverage of sources related to 1996-1999 includes 36.49% of all citations, while Persian books with 49.1% and Latin Theses with 0.5%have the highest and lowest impact. The citation ratio to up-date sources in 2009 and 2001-2002 are 2 and 0.6 and 0.66 sources, respectively. Conclusion: Bradford's law obey magazines and journals, including Journal of Information Nuclear Persian - politics, economics and social sciences, letters and journals, including the Journal of Social & Humanities Latin nucleus and the British journal of education psychology. Most cited in the thesis of the book is the ease of access and ease of use due to lack of understanding of the students' language Farsi, the dominant language is non. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Crisis management in the libraries Case Study: The Libraries of affiliated of agricultural research, education and extension organization
Javad Bashiri Fatemeh Zabihi FaridianPurpose: The main purpose of this research is the determining safety and crisis management in the libraries of institutes and research centers affiliated of agricultural research, education and extension organization. Methodology: In This study descriptive survey met MorePurpose: The main purpose of this research is the determining safety and crisis management in the libraries of institutes and research centers affiliated of agricultural research, education and extension organization. Methodology: In This study descriptive survey method was used. Data collected from the questionnaire and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The population consisted of 104 special libraries of institutes and research centers affiliated of AREEO. Due to the nature of the study, data analysis and descriptive statistics were used to design charts from Excel. In this study due to the limited population of the sample is not used. Findings: According to the results, 44 percent of the libraries’ buildings in the affiliated of AREEO against of the natural disasters have appropriate conditions. 54 percent of libraries are strength against the earthquake and 68 percent against to hurricane. 86% of libraries are not equipped with any alarm system. More than 90 percent of the libraries lacked emergency exits and over 92 percent have no insurance coverage. 35 percent of staff completed primary fire training and 65 percent of staff had not any education. 94 percent of libraries do not have any plan to deal with the crisis. Conclusion: The results showed that the theory of planned behavior has been effective regarding the Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Comparative evaluation of the hospital library websites accessibility in Iran
Sedigheh Mohamadesmaeil Mahrokh Nassehi OskoueiPurpose: This paper aims to provide some insights into the accessibility criteria of web evaluation in the general and professional hospital libraries. Methodology: Taking a critical approach, this article examines the professional and general hospital libraries to c MorePurpose: This paper aims to provide some insights into the accessibility criteria of web evaluation in the general and professional hospital libraries. Methodology: Taking a critical approach, this article examines the professional and general hospital libraries to conduct a reliable accessibility assessment. The data was collected through an investigatory checklist, consisting of 9 components and developed by the researchers based on the literature review. The desired website was evaluated according to this checklist. In order to analyze the research findings, descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) and statistical inference were used and the software applications such as SPSS and EXCELL were applied. The statistical population of research includes the libraries of 24 hospitals. Findings:In general, the results showed that the accessibility evaluation of Iran's professional hospital libraries (in comparison with the overall assessment of compliance of all criteria, in index website, with 77 points) is 87 percent and that of the general hospital libraries is 83 percent. However, the design of hospital Library Websites should be completely based on the functions that support the main objectives of the hospital libraries, especially in information retrieving as well as rendering medicine information services. Conclusion: Information and communication technology tools, especially hospital websites and e-mail services, have such a capabilities that changes programs and methods, informs in an appropriate way and as a consequence, economical services will be provided with a wide range of users. In addition, hospital websites as an important communication system can be used in social crises and disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Molecular identification and study of water Frogs phylogeny in South eastern Tehran province using mitochondrial 12srRNA gene Sequence
Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Farideh Chenari Mina Babaei Mahyar Yousefi SiahkalroodiUp to now most species of Iranian frogs has been identified morphologically and all populations (albeit their vast distribution) are assigned to Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda. The main objective of this research was to study frog populations of the South eastern Tehran us MoreUp to now most species of Iranian frogs has been identified morphologically and all populations (albeit their vast distribution) are assigned to Rana (Pelophylax) ridibunda. The main objective of this research was to study frog populations of the South eastern Tehran using mitochondrial 12srRNA sequencing. For this purpose, n=19 water frogs were sampled in four stations (i.e. Pakdasht, Varamin, Gharchak, Pishva). The samples specimens were preserved at 96% ethanol solution and transferred to the laboratory for further analysis. DNA was extracted from leg tissue using CTAB method and the 12srRNA gene was ampilified and sequenced using primers developed by Kocher et al. (1989). The phylogenic tree was drawn using Joining Neighbor and Maximum Likelihood methods in Mega6 software the results indicate that indicated two clads with 100% affinity. The first clade assigned to P. bedriagae populations and the next clade included our samples. In conclusion, the frog populations of Tehran province may be assigned to P. bedriagae or a subspecies. Further research is needed to reveal this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Chromosomal number of Carduus pycnocephalus L. in the west of Iran
mehdi heidarian Seyed-Mohammad Masoumi Abdolkarim Chehregani RadCarduus L. species (belong to Asteraceae Bercht. and J. Pres) replace endemic plant species by forming dense colonies and can compete with native vegetation for light, nutrition, and moisture. In order to obtain more information about this invasive genus, the chromosoma MoreCarduus L. species (belong to Asteraceae Bercht. and J. Pres) replace endemic plant species by forming dense colonies and can compete with native vegetation for light, nutrition, and moisture. In order to obtain more information about this invasive genus, the chromosomal number of Carduus pycnocephalus L. were investigated from Hamedan and Kermanshah provinces in the west of Iran. 14 special stations were selected of some parts of these provinces. Chromosomal counting was done in the metaphase stage of the root meristems by seed germination and by using the standard squash method. Results showed that chromosomal number in these studied taxa was 2n=2x=34 in 14 populations gathered in this research. By comparing the chromosome number found in this study with previous research, this chromosome number is belonging to C. pycnocephalus subsp. arabicus (Jacq. ex Murray) Nyman. Therefore, the diploid chromosome number in the taxa of this species can be taxonomical value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
225 - Biosystematic study of Cotonaster Medikus species in Iran( Hyrcanian province)
Zeynab Lotfi fahimeh salimpoor Fariba Sharifnia Maryam PeyvandiThe genus Cotoneaster L. belongs to the genus Rosaceae. In the study, 17 plant samples were examined based on morphological studies and the nucleus sequence of ITS nrDNA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between all quantitative morphological t MoreThe genus Cotoneaster L. belongs to the genus Rosaceae. In the study, 17 plant samples were examined based on morphological studies and the nucleus sequence of ITS nrDNA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between all quantitative morphological traits. The studied species were classified into five groups. The pattern of species analysis based on morphological traits and molecular sequencing are very similar. There are similarities and differences between the studied species in terms of the studied traits. Molecular cladogram showed that the genus of Cotoneaster with consistency index (CI) is 0.68. Among some species of this genus such as C. pseudodiscolor and C. discolor, morphological similarity of traits such as leaf shape, density of lower surface hairs, and hairs on the fruit is observed, If it is genomically different and because it is not morphologically consistent with the description of the identified species of milk thistle in Iran and neighboring countries. Therefore, we consider it as a new species for Iran and define it as C. pseudodiscolor. In addition, the species C. morrisonesis and C. franchetti are a new record of this genus and have a separate cluster in their phenogram. , the present study is the first study in the field of genetic diversity in Iran (Hyrcanian province) using nuclear markers (ITS) in accurate species identification Is the first step in breeding this valuable taxon, which will be addressed in the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - َMicrogametophyte development in Leucantemum vulgare L.
zahra baghaeifarIn this research, developmental stages of microsporogenesis and pollen grains development of leucantemum vulgare for Asteraceae family were studied. The flowers and buds in different developmental stages were removed, fixed in FAA70%, stored in 70% ethanol, embedded in MoreIn this research, developmental stages of microsporogenesis and pollen grains development of leucantemum vulgare for Asteraceae family were studied. The flowers and buds in different developmental stages were removed, fixed in FAA70%, stored in 70% ethanol, embedded in paraffin and then sliced at 7 µm by microtome. Staining was carried out with Eosin and contrasted with Hematoxylin. The prepared slides were studied using light microscope. The result indicated that the formation and development of stamen primordum sooner than development of the pistil is done. The anthers were tetra-sporangiate. Pollen tetrads were tetragonal and tetrahedral (tetrahedral is more than tetragonal). Cytokinesis was synchronous. The mature pollen grains are spherical. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Europe, America and the Atlanticism Approach in Eastern Europe (2008-2018)
Mohsen Sharif Khodaei Mohammad Reza Dehshiri Mohammad Reza Ghaedi -
Open Access Article
228 - The role of the education patterns of jihadi management on development of cultural religious at public adminestrations
mehdi jafaryanThis research has been conducted on the role of the education patterns of jihadi management on development of cultural religious at public adminestrations in the eastern of golestan state. The research method used in this research is descriptive in terms of the applied MoreThis research has been conducted on the role of the education patterns of jihadi management on development of cultural religious at public adminestrations in the eastern of golestan state. The research method used in this research is descriptive in terms of the applied purpose, in terms of the type of data, and in terms of the method of collection. The statistical population in this research is the public adminestrations in the eastern of golestan state. The population of these adminestrations is 3500 people. From the statistical population according to sampling, 384 people were selected as the research sample. In the next step, based on the conceptual model of the research, using the researcher's questionnaire, the extracted items were included in the statistical research sample of the questionnaire. In descriptive statistics, the descriptions are presented in two different sections, one and the main variety, and in the inferential statistics section, non-parametric Pearson correlation, T test and regression were used to check the hypotheses. Considering the statistics data coefficient, it can be said that education patterns of jihadi management has a positive effect on development of cultural religious at public adminestrations in the eastern of golestan state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - ساختارشناسی چند واژه در شاهنامه: ایرانی شرقی و شمال غربی رقیه کریم زاده نقشینه
Roghayeh Karimzadeh Naghshinehفارسی که زبان جنوب غربی است، نه تنها شامل گویشهای مختلف پارتی و شمال غربی است بلکه از زبانهای ایرانی شرقی، بهویژه از زبان سغدی، وامهای بسیار گرفته است. وامواژههایی که بر اثر تماس و برخورد عمیق اقوام و ملّتهای مختلف ایجاد میشوند، در همهی زبانها، پدیدهای عادی ب Moreفارسی که زبان جنوب غربی است، نه تنها شامل گویشهای مختلف پارتی و شمال غربی است بلکه از زبانهای ایرانی شرقی، بهویژه از زبان سغدی، وامهای بسیار گرفته است. وامواژههایی که بر اثر تماس و برخورد عمیق اقوام و ملّتهای مختلف ایجاد میشوند، در همهی زبانها، پدیدهای عادی به شمار میروند. وجود واژگان ایرانی شرقی و شمال غربی در زبان فارسی، فقط وابسته به روابط عمیق اقوام سغدی و پارتی نبوده است، بلکه خلق زبان و ادبیّات فراگویشی، از علل اصلی آن به شمار میرود.شاهنامه فهرست واژگان اساسی ایران شرقی و شمال شرقی را به یادگار گذاشته است که البتّه بخشی از آن، درطی دورههای گوناگون از نظام زبان خارج شدهاند و فقط در سطح فرهنگهای لغات، آثار کتبی و منابع باقی ماندهاند؛ یعنی، کاربردی بسیار محدود و غیر فعّال دارند. این مقاله، با استفاده از روش درزمانی، همزمانی و تطبیقی به ساختارشناسی واژههای زیر پرداخته است:الف- واژههای ایرانی شرقی:-Āvāza,- FaƔfūr,- Tāl ō māl,- SitēƔ,- Faž,- RāƔ,- uƔd,č- Zēvar,- ĀƔāz, -āƔāz idan, - Butfōz,- Sangsār,- Rež,- žiƔār,- kās,- yāfa,- ĀruƔda,- PasēIJīdan/. Pasečīdan,- lanIJ و -Alfanĵidan.ب- واژههای شمال غربی:-Āžīr, -Žāla,- Žerf,- žiyān,- Bahr,- Sipihr,- Hužīr,- Herbod,- Zafar,- Barzan, -Zam,- Burz,- Andarz,- Taham,- Sipenj,- Sipāh,- yala,- yāra,- yawa,- yazidan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - تجزیه و تحلیل پسااستعماری ترجمۀ فارسی به انگلیسی اشعار برگزیده توسط آرتور جی آربری
Maliheh Molaei Seyyed Shahabeddin Sadati Shahin Ojaghalizadehکارکرد ترجمه طی چند قرن گذشته گستردهتر شدهاست و علاوهبر جنبههای زبانی، عوامل ایدئولوژیکی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی و سیاسی نیز فرایند ترجمه را تحتالشعاع قرار دادهاند. از آنجائیکه ترجمه صرفاً عملی خنثی و زبانی نیست و به مدت طولانی، ابزاری کمکی برای ابرقدرتها به حساب میآم Moreکارکرد ترجمه طی چند قرن گذشته گستردهتر شدهاست و علاوهبر جنبههای زبانی، عوامل ایدئولوژیکی، اقتصادی، فرهنگی و سیاسی نیز فرایند ترجمه را تحتالشعاع قرار دادهاند. از آنجائیکه ترجمه صرفاً عملی خنثی و زبانی نیست و به مدت طولانی، ابزاری کمکی برای ابرقدرتها به حساب میآمد تا بر ملتهای ضعیفتر تسلط یابند، پس رابطۀ بین متن اصلی و ترجمۀ آن مستلزم بررسیهای فراوان از رویکرد پسااستعماری میباشد. بدیهی است که ارتباط مهمی بین "پسااستعمارگرایی" و "ترجمه" وجود دارد و بسیاری از مترجمان و نویسندگان پسااستعماری، مولفههای فرهنگی خود را در آثارشان منتقل کردهاند؛ از اینرو، این مقاله به تجزیه و تحلیل پسااستعماری ترجمههای انگلیسی پنج شعر فارسی به ترجمۀ "آرتور جان آربری"، شرقشناس مطالعات پسااستعماری، میپردازد تا جایگزینی یا عدم جایگزینی مفاهیم غربی به جای مضامین شرقی از سوی مترجم مشخص گردد. در این راستا، ترجمههای انگلیسی مورد نظر از کتاب گلچین ترجمۀ اشعار: ویرایش ای جی آربری (1387) و اشعار فارسی مربوطه از کتابهای گوناگون جمعآوری شدهاند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیلها حاکی از آن است که مترجم در ترجمۀ برخی از مضامین خاص اشعار فارسی، هویت شرقی-ایرانی را نادیده انگاشته و در نتیجه، رنگ و بوی غربی به اشعار بخشیدهاست. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - پیش بینی کننده های درگیری شناختی زبان آموزان ایرانی بر اساس اهداف پیشرفت
Saeed Ahmadi Mohammadreza Nasrهدف از انجام این پژوهش کمی, بررسی رابطه ی بین درگیری شناختی و اهداف پیشرفت زبان آموزان ایرانی می باشد. این تحقیق همچنین مشخص می کند که کدام یک از انواع اهداف پیشرفت ( تبحر گرایی, عملکرد گرایی, تبحر گریزی و عملکرد گریزی) می تواند درگیری شناختی را به طور معناداری پیش بینی Moreهدف از انجام این پژوهش کمی, بررسی رابطه ی بین درگیری شناختی و اهداف پیشرفت زبان آموزان ایرانی می باشد. این تحقیق همچنین مشخص می کند که کدام یک از انواع اهداف پیشرفت ( تبحر گرایی, عملکرد گرایی, تبحر گریزی و عملکرد گریزی) می تواند درگیری شناختی را به طور معناداری پیش بینی کند. بدین منظور, 183 زبان آموز ایرانی دو پرسشنامه اعتبارسنجی شده مربوط به اهداف پیشرفت ( ایلیوت و مورایاما، 2008) و درگیری شناختی ( گونوک و کازو، 2015) شامل 22 سنجه با مقیاس لیکرت را تکمیل نمودند. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که بین درگیری شناختی و اهداف پیشرفت, همبستگی مثبت وجود دارد. نتایج پژوهش همچنین حاکی از آن است که درگیری شناختی دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنا داری با اهداف پیشرفت تبحر گرایی و عملکرد گرایی می باشد. علاوه بر این, نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون خطی چندگانه بیانگر آن است که اهداف پیشرفت تبحر گرایی و عملکرد گرایی به ترتیب, اولین و دومین اهدافی هستند که بیشترین نقش را در پیش بینی درگیری شناختی دارند. نتایج این پژوهش دارای کاربردهای بسیار مهمی برای مدرسان زبان انگلیسی, مربیان و طراحان برنامه های درسی می باشد.با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش, زبانشناسان کاربردی و روانشناسان آموزشی می توانند شیو ه های جدیدی را جهت درگیری شناختی زبان آموزان ابداع نمایند تا زبان آموزان بتوانند از طریق آنها به اهداف یادگیری خود دست یابند Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Analyzing the authenticity, honor and dignity of reason in the epistemological geometry of Professor Motahari based on the text
Mohsen Hakemi ensha Allah Rahmati Aziz Allah Afshar KermaniThe discussion of the place of reason in divine and human knowledge is one of the most challenging topics in the scientific circles of religious scholars, religious philosophers, and especially among the followers of religions. The role of intellect in acquiring knowled MoreThe discussion of the place of reason in divine and human knowledge is one of the most challenging topics in the scientific circles of religious scholars, religious philosophers, and especially among the followers of religions. The role of intellect in acquiring knowledge has led to the creation of different sects and schools and thoughts. What is intended in this research is to evaluate the place of reason and its value in the Holy Quran. Does the Qur'an believe in the limitless validity of reason? Or does the Qur'an consider reason as a wooden foot and forbids it not only from entering into religious issues but also from thinking about human issues and problems? Is reason the only tool in understanding religion or is it a reliable source? In the Islamic world, three answers have been given to the above questions in the form of Etzali, Ash'ari, and Shia schools, which have respectively led to the appearanceists (Ahlul Hadith in Ahl al-Sunni and Shia Akhbarists), the Etzali-oriented intellect, and the Shiite-oriented intellect. The degrees of Christianity have also led to the emergence of extreme faith-based thinking and moderate faith-based thinking, and moderate (critical) rationalism and maximum rationalism. In this research, in order to find well-reasoned answers to these questions and to extract the opinions of the Quran, the opinions of the thinker Motahari Muslimi have been referred to. Motahari's opinion, arising from the Quranic point of view about intellect, is that intellect has a high position and can be referred to as pure intellect; that there is no prohibition in the Qur'an for the use of intellect, but intellect is considered as evidence and evidence. Manuscript profile -
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233 - The Image of Sistan in the Zoroastrian Beliefs and Myths
Seiyyedeh Fātemeh Zāreh Hosseini Vajiheh Abhari MāreshkIn the religious texts of ancient Iran and especially in the Zoroastrian ones, the land of Sistan is of great importance so that its mythical, historical, geographical places and people related to it have been frequently cited. Given the importance of the issue and due MoreIn the religious texts of ancient Iran and especially in the Zoroastrian ones, the land of Sistan is of great importance so that its mythical, historical, geographical places and people related to it have been frequently cited. Given the importance of the issue and due to the lack of comprehensive research in this area, by using analytical-descriptive method, the present article attempts to examine the religious and mythological issues related to the land of Sistan covered in Zoroastrian texts. The results of the study show that the Scythians and the Kayanians were associated with this region. Also, since it is the birthplace of Zoroaster, it was the place of the spread and propagation of Zoroastrianism and the emergence of the eschatological saviors. In addition, in these texts, several holy mountains, holy fire temples, holy seas and holy rivers in Sistan are mentioned that show its privileged position in Zoroastrian religion. The frequent mention of Sistan in Zoroastrian texts can be a reflection of its religious and mythological image in this ancient religion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Myth of Minotaur in the House of Asterion
Abdolhosein FarzādThe House of Asterion is a beautiful contemporary short story by Argentinean poet and writer, Jorge Luis Borges. In this story Borges creates a new myth (or a meta-myth) using an old one. The story is about Minotaur, a mythological creature in the ancient Greece with th MoreThe House of Asterion is a beautiful contemporary short story by Argentinean poet and writer, Jorge Luis Borges. In this story Borges creates a new myth (or a meta-myth) using an old one. The story is about Minotaur, a mythological creature in the ancient Greece with the head of a bull and the body of a man, who was imprisoned by King Minos of Crete in a gigantic labyrinth. Minotaur was eventually killed by the Athenian hero, Theseus. Borges reconstructs the story and writes it in first person narrative mode. According to Borges, the modern man is captured in the labyrinths that are the results of modernism. Yet he can free himself, all he needs is some courage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Mysticism in Versified Description of Garmābeh
پروانه سید الماسیIn some versified Persian literary texts certain characteristics of public bath (hammām) like the building and its parts, temperature and rituals of taking a bath are described, although the numbers of these texts are not very many. Some of the texts reflect the mystica MoreIn some versified Persian literary texts certain characteristics of public bath (hammām) like the building and its parts, temperature and rituals of taking a bath are described, although the numbers of these texts are not very many. Some of the texts reflect the mystical teachings and its rituals. In these texts, the poet, at first, compares hammam with Sufi monastery (Khanqāh) and then connects the rituals of taking a bath to rituals of mystic journey (Suluk). The present article, first tries to show the intellectual details and beauties of the poems, and then, explain the reasons for the reflection of some mystical elements in description of these bath buildings (hammāmz). Manuscript profile -
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236 - The Prediction of Family Function According to Ego Strengths and Identity status of Couples
Sepideh Estiri Masoud Janbozorgi Javad Khodadadi SangdehThis study aimed to predict family function according to ego strengths and identity status of couples. The research method was correlational and, 229 married females in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling method. Participants completed the McMaster Family Asses MoreThis study aimed to predict family function according to ego strengths and identity status of couples. The research method was correlational and, 229 married females in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling method. Participants completed the McMaster Family Assessment Device (Epstein, Baldwin & Bishop, 1983), Psychological Inventory of Ego Strength (Markstrom, Sabino, Turne & Berman, 1997), and Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status-2 (Bennion &Adams, 1986). Data were analyzed by multiple regression. The findings showed that components of ego strengths such as competence, will, hope, and fidelity and identification styles such as advanced and early can predict the family function. The findings indicated the effectiveness of the first family institution on how growth and enhancement of the personality and the identification way of members can be considered important for achieving the proper function of the second family. Manuscript profile -
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237 - A study on effects of isoflavones of Soya oil on growth and maturation of Oocytes of unmature female three-spot Gourami(Trichogaster trichopterus)
T. Naji H. Hosseinzadeh Sahafi M. K. Jazebizadeh Z. SamariThe effects of Soya oil isoflavones on growth and maturation of Oocytes in unmature Trichogaster trichopterus female is studied. After declorization of aquarium water, unmature female fish specimens with weight of 1.5- 2.5 g were placed in water. The experiments were do MoreThe effects of Soya oil isoflavones on growth and maturation of Oocytes in unmature Trichogaster trichopterus female is studied. After declorization of aquarium water, unmature female fish specimens with weight of 1.5- 2.5 g were placed in water. The experiments were done in seven treatment (two control treatment and five main treatment),each treatment invoved 10 fish specimens. Main fish treatments received 5 doses of Soya oil with 10, 20, 30, 40 & 50 µg/kg. Injection were intra muscular under dorsal fin of fishes. Seven days after injection fish specimens were kiled, their ovaries were removed and fixed in10% formalin. The routine procedures of preparation of tissue were fpllowed and the paraffin bloks were cut at 5-7 micros, stained with H&E. Then, the mean of gonadosomatic index, frequency percentage of matured and unmatured ovaries, the mean of small and big diameter of mature and unmatured ovaries and histological structures of ovary were compared with control treatments,gonadosomatic index in controls were 5.7% and in the fifth treatment it was 6.7% .Also with increased dose ,frequency percentage of matured and diameter of mature ovaries increased. Results showed the application of Soya oil isoflavones can induce final maturation in Three spot gourami and most effective was more doses of Soya oil (p<0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
238 - The study of two cases of severe flooding over the Eastern Azerbaijan Province from the synoptical and kinematic view and coincident of these events with GFS precipitation forecast (period on 2000-2010)
Kh. Porjavad Asl F. ArkianOur statistical study showed that during period 2000-2010, Eastern Azerbaijan Province was threated by numerous severe floods. These occurred during spring with a frequency of 66% and summer with 28% and fall with 4% and winter with only 2% frequency. From damages viewp MoreOur statistical study showed that during period 2000-2010, Eastern Azerbaijan Province was threated by numerous severe floods. These occurred during spring with a frequency of 66% and summer with 28% and fall with 4% and winter with only 2% frequency. From damages viewpoint, we selected two of most severe floods of the province to work on. The first one was in Tabriz city, centre of Eastern Azerbaijan Province, on 14th of May 2007. The other one occurred in Mianeh city on 18th of June 2009. For studying the two severe floods, we analyzed synoptic charts at all standard levels for 13-15th of May 2007 and 17-19th of June 2009. We found an inverted thermal trough at the earth’s surface impacting with baroclinic short waves trough that moving fast from west to east over the region. The above features were induced by two blocking patterns. First one was a blocking high, located over north of Siberia, and second one was a Cut-off low, located over north of central Europe. The magnitude of upward mention over 700hpa level troughs, was and magnitude of absolute vorticity over 500hpa, level troughs were in the range of . the main pattern for the second flood, occurred in Mianeh, was also an inverted thermal trough at the earth’s surface, impacting a could cut-off low in middle and upper troposphere, located over Turkey for this case, we found that the magnitude of upward motion in the centre of cut-off low at 700hpa was and magnitude of absolute vorticity in the center of cut-off low at 500hpa was but at the same time absolute vorticity over the province was . The total daily amounts of precipitation forecast from GFS model was in a good harmony with recorded daily precipitation in the stations for the Mianeh flood but for Tabriz’s flood, the result was not appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
239 - An assessment of the effect of management factors and natural disaster factors on insurance operations risks for cold water fish farming - Qazvin province
A. Damghanpour R. Mousavi Nadoshan M. SharifianThe current research, as a field study, was conducted by questionnaires that were filled through interviews with 22 individual rainbow trout farmers in Qazvin province. The present research aimed to assess the insurance operations, identify the risk factors in fish farm MoreThe current research, as a field study, was conducted by questionnaires that were filled through interviews with 22 individual rainbow trout farmers in Qazvin province. The present research aimed to assess the insurance operations, identify the risk factors in fish farms, followed by the assessment of the risks rising from mismanagement aspects. Considering the occurrence percentage of above factors and the level of damage they have imposed in a 20-year period, from 1994 to 2014, the impact of above factors was obtained and then insurability pattern of freshwater farms of the province was calculated using the coefficients obtained fromdescriptive statistical analysis of questionnaires and using factor analysis (FA) with the extracted principal components analysis (PCA).The results of the present study showed that damages imposed by mismanagement factors had a greater share than natural disaster factors, while this aspect has been almost overlooked and underestimated in insurance coverage lots. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Investigating Motahari's Critique of Allameh Tabatabai's Credit Perceptions in Ethics
aliasghar torkashvand abas gohariThe theory of credit perception was first put forward by Allameh Tabataba'i and is an interactive epistemological realism based on the epistemology, according to which our cognition is refined and evolved in the face of external reality. The concept of credit perception MoreThe theory of credit perception was first put forward by Allameh Tabataba'i and is an interactive epistemological realism based on the epistemology, according to which our cognition is refined and evolved in the face of external reality. The concept of credit perception is the result of the encounter of the symptom with the problem of the multiplication of perceptions, on the basis of which human perceptions are multiplied and, consequently, the nature of the moral propositions is explained, assuming in the initial understanding of the symptom reasoning for the validity of self-esteem and self-esteem. Subconsciously leads to normative relativism, Motahari's master confronts Allame's point of view while accepting the theory of credit by criticizing Allame's point of view and tries to prove the moral basis, and proposes a solution to the distinction between moral action and moral action. And I'm low on it Sun and the distinction between subjective and actual caliphate and current caliphate knows that, despite some criticisms, the reformist approach of Motahari may be helpful, while acknowledging that Allameh's pluralistic approach to the issue of ethics in credit perceptions is the way of dialogue. Holds it open to other cultures. In this study, while answering the question, what is Motahari's criticism of Allameh Tabatabai's ethics from the perspective of credit perceptions? Professor Motahari's view on ethics is also criticized from the perspective of credit perceptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Eastern Wisdom and Mysticism from the Viewpoints of Iqbāl lāhūrī
مسعود سرحدی عزیزالله سالاریDepending on his own intellectual system, Iqbāl stresses the eastern wisdom of eastern people and Muslims and challenges the western schools of thought including materialism and nihilism. His philosophy is composed of reasoning, mysticism, Quran, Hadith, love, spiritual MoreDepending on his own intellectual system, Iqbāl stresses the eastern wisdom of eastern people and Muslims and challenges the western schools of thought including materialism and nihilism. His philosophy is composed of reasoning, mysticism, Quran, Hadith, love, spiritual concern, self-consciousness, awakening, passion and includes transcendental theory and action. He believes that the western rationality must be regarded in terms of technique and information and it is empty of deep view and intuition. Iqbāl mentions that achievement of western culture and civilization leads to the development of technical reason and destruction of soul. Western wisdom has developed on the ruins of oppressed world and its satanic and demonic reason is accompanied by tyrannical and aggressive plans. This process has led to the transformation of original cultures of oppressed people and the destruction of eastern knowledge, spirituality and religious belief. For this reason Iqbāl ardently asks eastern Muslims to be attached to their own tradition, strength and knowledge, the knowledge that leads to salvation and truth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - Analysis of populism in eastern Europe ,a study of Vise grad group countries
mohsen sharif khodaei Mohammadreza Dehshiri Mohammadreza Ghaedi Arsalan Ghorbani Sheykh NeshinWith collapse of the bipolar system and the end of the cold War, the Central and Eastern European countries who were newly abandoned from the communist system tried to join European Structure. The Counties of Vise grad joined the European Union in the first wave of expa MoreWith collapse of the bipolar system and the end of the cold War, the Central and Eastern European countries who were newly abandoned from the communist system tried to join European Structure. The Counties of Vise grad joined the European Union in the first wave of expansion of the European Union in 2004. The global financial crisis 2008 had a profound impact in the economic situation of the people Europe and the reform process in the east of continent faced slowness. Flood of immigrants to Europe affected by Syria Crisis surprised, and central European countries and the nationalist and extremist right parties have strongly resisted. the Brexit and subsequently, the victory of Donald Trump in American`s elections in 2016 has significantly influenced the victory of populism parties in decision-marking centers in Eastern Europe.The main question of this research is how populism phenomenon spread among in vise grad group countries? the research method gathering information through library and research findings shows that populism phenomenon not only split Europe, but also intensified the discourse of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in this region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - The Methods of Russia’s Encounter with Nato’s Development to the East
Mohammadjavad Haghshenas Amin BavirAbstract After collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the East Europe countries were one of the problems that become as a trouble for Western European countries and America and at that time these countries (East Europe) were a membership of verso treaty. For these coun MoreAbstract After collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the East Europe countries were one of the problems that become as a trouble for Western European countries and America and at that time these countries (East Europe) were a membership of verso treaty. For these countries, it was necessary to delivered them to join the Western European during a long- term program, so that they cannot be leagued once more with Russia on any conditions in the future .So the development of Nato to the East is pursued at that time. Nato’s development to the East is unnecessary by Russia and knows it as a treaty for his national security. These two developments are into opposition to each other for more than two centuries, but the scale of policy is in far out of Westerners, because up to now , nine countries of Eastern Europe and three countries that become as an organ of Nato and were a part of Soviet territory (Litvani , Letoni , Estonia) for a time . This paper attempts to explore that the styles of Russia’s cooperation with Nato’s development to the East , and also studding the possible method’s between Russia and Nato. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - Effects of Seed Source and Soil Texture on Germination and Survival of Nepeta asterotricha as a Medicinal Plant
Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh Mohammad Hossein Hakimi Hamid Sodaeizadeh -
Open Access Article
245 - Remote Sensing Monitoring of Vegetation Area and Species Diversity over Fifteen Years in Sirjan Salt Lake, Iran
Reza Atighi Abbas Ahmadi Javad Varvani Hamid Toranjzar Nourollah Abdi -
Open Access Article
246 - Impact of Abiotic Environmental Factors on Pistacia vera L. Density in Woody Rangelands: A Case Study in Northeastern Iran
Alemeh Mazangi Hamid Ejtehadi Mohammad Farzam Omid Mirshamsi Soroor Rahmanian -
Open Access Article
247 - Juridical feasibility of weather derivatives using multi-stage ijtihad research method
mohammad talebi mohsen sayar hanieh fadaei wahedThe agricultural industry, which is referred to as a mothers industry, faces many risks, which has reduced investors' willingness to invest in this industry. Some of these risks, including disaster risk, are considered to be the specific risks of this industry. Develope MoreThe agricultural industry, which is referred to as a mothers industry, faces many risks, which has reduced investors' willingness to invest in this industry. Some of these risks, including disaster risk, are considered to be the specific risks of this industry. Developed countries use a variety of instruments, such as weather derivatives, to cover these risks. Weather derivatives, like other derivatives used in financial markets, are based on their base assets, with the difference that the base asset in weather derivatives is the temperature index, rainfall, snowfall, and etc. This research, while reviewing the nature of the weather derivatives, has provided a juridical feasibility study for the implementation of this financial instrument. The research method used in this research is a multi-stage Ijtihadi model. The results of this research indicate that the lack of legal permission to use this instrument is due to the conflict with the principle of the prohibition of fake money and the existence of a dilemma of the underlying asset ineligibility. However fixing the drawbacks and develop Islamic financial instruments in accordance with the Imam's jurisprudence is not far from mind. Manuscript profile -
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248 - Study of Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Cotoneaster medicus and Glycyrrhiza glabra Plants
M. M. Heravi S. Rodi P. Ardalan -
Open Access Article
249 - The First Report of Keeled Rock Green-Bellied Lizard Darevskia chlorogaster (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae) in Ardabil Province
رامین محمدی آلوچه حاجی قلی کمیThe Lizardson the network to life, food chain and ecosystems are outstanding dry place.Zoology around the world to identify these animals has done many studies. The results lead to new species by mapping their geographical distribution has been. Ardabil Province, includ MoreThe Lizardson the network to life, food chain and ecosystems are outstanding dry place.Zoology around the world to identify these animals has done many studies. The results lead to new species by mapping their geographical distribution has been. Ardabil Province, including areas in which considerable research has been done on reptiles. Therefore, this study tried to limit the power and possibilities in the province and the study adhered to the sample. Read phoneticallyThis study was done in 2009. The materials of the study were collected during spring, summer, fall and late winter. This reserch were collected 21 specimens at the DarevskiaGenus,and Morphologic, morphometric and meristic characteristics have shown that 4 specimens collected are Darevskia chlorogaster. Furthermore, in this study theDarevskia chlorogaster was collected from East Ardabil province for the first time, however, its distribution map wasnand#39;t included in East Ardabil province. Manuscript profile -
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250 - Avifaunal Survey of Sarigol National Park in north-eastern Iran
علیرضا محمدی انوشه کفاش مسعود یوسفی محمد تقدیسیBirds are a big part of vertebrates which are distributed in a vast area of our country such as dried region and desert, forests, coastal zones, Islands, Lakes and other parts. Since, birds are main elements of most of the world’s ecosystems; the aim of this study was t MoreBirds are a big part of vertebrates which are distributed in a vast area of our country such as dried region and desert, forests, coastal zones, Islands, Lakes and other parts. Since, birds are main elements of most of the world’s ecosystems; the aim of this study was to identification of birds fauna in sarigol national park. This study was conducted in the 7037 ha Sarigol National Park (57̊ 36̍-57 47 E and 36̊ 16 55̍- 37 08 ̍ N), located 24 km east of Esfarayen city of North-Khorasan province, Iran. Birds were identified according to the flight, size, plumage, behavior and sound. We use 10*40 binocular. This study was conducted from May 2012, to May, 2013 during one year in the area. In this area 58 species(10.5 percent of Iranian birds) were identified. Thirty- sex species are belonging to order Passeriformes and four species are belonging to order Columbiformes, three species are belonging order Coraciiformes, two species are belonging to order Galliformes, two species are belonging to order Apodiformes, two species are belonging to order strigiformes, six species are belonging to order Falconiformes, one species is belonging to order Caprimulgiformes and one species is belonging to order Cuculiformes. Order Passeriformes with 35 speciesSince this area is important for breeding species, is suggested each year was a comprehensive investigation to identification of breeding birds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - Effects of Clomiphene on Food Ratio and Growth Factors in Gourami Fish Species (Trichogaster trichopterus)
E. Javadi Sh. Sharafi B. MoghaddasiPharmaceutical compounds are useful role in the growth of ornamental fish. To investigate the effects of Clomiphene on food ratio and growth factors in Gourami fish species (Trichogaster trichopterus) was done. The Growth rate increasing was aimed for Achieving to more MorePharmaceutical compounds are useful role in the growth of ornamental fish. To investigate the effects of Clomiphene on food ratio and growth factors in Gourami fish species (Trichogaster trichopterus) was done. The Growth rate increasing was aimed for Achieving to more fish count in shorter time and less costs in the hatchery and fish farming. The numbers of 140 gourami fishes were fed for 2 month with dietary supplementation impregnated with different ratio of clomiphene (1, 1.5 and 2 mg/kg in dry diet), in 4 groups includes (a control group and 3 treatment groups). Fish biometric assay (total weight and standard length) were performed every two weeks and growth indices were calculated monthly. The results have shown that the use of clomiphene in the diet of growth factors (body weight increase, percentage of body weight increase, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, average daily growth) was significant and positive effected, but food conversion factor was decreased significantly. Therefore, Clomiphene can be used as an additive and dietary supplementation in feed for Gourami fish Trichogaster trichopterus (3 spots gourami). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
252 - Structural Analysis of Unsymmetric Laminated Composite Timoshenko Beam Subjected to Moving Load
Mohammad Javad Rezvani -
Open Access Article
253 - تأثیر حرارت بر کمانش پیچشی نانولوله کربنی دو جداره تحت بستر الاستیک نوع پاسترناک
علی قربانپور آرانی محمد شریف زارعی مهدی محمدیمهردر این مقاله اثر حرارت روی کمانش پیچشی نانولوله کربنی دوجداره بر بستر الاستیک از نوع پاسترناک بررسی شدهاست. همچنین بر اساس مدل مکانیک پیوسته غیرموضعی، معادلات حاکم بر کمانش برای یک پوسته استوانهای بهدست آمده، سپس این معادلات به یک نانو لوله دوجداره تعمیم داده شدهاند Moreدر این مقاله اثر حرارت روی کمانش پیچشی نانولوله کربنی دوجداره بر بستر الاستیک از نوع پاسترناک بررسی شدهاست. همچنین بر اساس مدل مکانیک پیوسته غیرموضعی، معادلات حاکم بر کمانش برای یک پوسته استوانهای بهدست آمده، سپس این معادلات به یک نانو لوله دوجداره تعمیم داده شدهاند. در این تحقیق علاوه بر حرارت و محیط الاستیک، اثر مقیاس کوچک طول و نیروهای واندروالسی نیز در نظر گرفته شدهاند. همچنین برای شبیهسازی برهمکنش بین ماتریس پلیمری (محیط الاستیک) و جداره بیرونی نانولوله از مدل پاسترناک استفاده شدهاست. نتایج عددی این تحلیل نشان میدهند که بار بحرانی کمانش در مودهای میانی اتفاق میافتد. علاوه بر این کمانش برای مدل پاسترناک نسبت به مدل وینکلر دیرتر اتفاق میافتد. علاوه بر این نتایج مؤید آن است هنگامی که محیط الاستیک بسیار صلب است، بار کمانش برای هر دو مدل وینکلر و پاسترناک مستقل از مقدار این دو مدل است. همچنین مشاهده میشود که بار کمانش با افزایش تغییرات دمایی کاهش مییابد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
254 - استفاده از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات صفحه ارتوتروپیک قطاعی روی بستر الاستیک
مسلم محمدی مصطفی غیور علی فرج پوردر مقاله حاضر از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد یک صفحه­ قطاعی شکل با رفتار ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری استفاده شده است. جزئیات و فرمول بندی این روش عددی ارائه شده و با استفاده از آن مقادیر دقیقی از فرکانسهای طبیعی ب Moreدر مقاله حاضر از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی برای تحلیل ارتعاشات آزاد یک صفحه­ قطاعی شکل با رفتار ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری استفاده شده است. جزئیات و فرمول بندی این روش عددی ارائه شده و با استفاده از آن مقادیر دقیقی از فرکانسهای طبیعی برای محدوده وسیعی از دو پارامتر بستر الاستیک با هم مقایسه شده است. از مزیتهای روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی میتوان به عدم استفاده از روش دلتا و سادگی اعمال شرایط مرزی اشاره کرد. همچنین این روش عددی هیچ گونه محدودیتی در مقدار زاویه رأس قطاع و یا نوع شرایط مرزی ندارد. این در حالی است که اکثر روش­های عددی در این دو مورد دارای محدودیتاند. فرکانسهای طبیعی یک ورق قطاعی شکل با خواص ارتوتروپیک قطبی بر روی بستر الاستیک دو پارامتری برای اولین بار با استفاده از روش بهبود یافته انتگرال دیفرانسیلی در این بررسی بهدست آمده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - Investigation of some growth parameters of Carassius gibellio (Bloch, 1782) in the bony fish culture reservoirs of Sijaval- southeastern Caspian Sea
altin ghojoghi Sedigh Azizi Faramarz Namvar Rahman PatimarTo investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were MoreTo investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were 24.3-6.8 cm and 254.857-8.676 g. LWR were obtain for females and males as W=0.042TL2.6704 and W=0.045TL3.49 respectively, indicating negative allometric growth pattern (b <3) for females and positive allometric (b> 3) for males. The studied population included 4 age groups ranging from 1+ to 4+. Mean of condition index of Fulton were calculated for females and male 1.88 and 1.55 respectively. VBGF parameters were obtained as L∞=30.29, k=0.18 and t0=-0.577. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Human Rights and Citizen Rights on the Opinion of the Middle Eastern Islamic States with Emphasis on the Iranian Constitution
Amir SajediHuman rights and Citizen Rights are both derived from natural and inherent rights of all people and historically have been uniquely addressed among the various world thinkers and by the various schools of religious thought. It is unfortunately true however that un MoreHuman rights and Citizen Rights are both derived from natural and inherent rights of all people and historically have been uniquely addressed among the various world thinkers and by the various schools of religious thought. It is unfortunately true however that until the end of the Second World War the idea of human rights did not find a place in a wider arena of thought. Although with the declaration of human rights in 1948 and owing to other related conventions, human rights became a world-wide phenomena and many governments in the Middle-East still have not accepted all its clauses. These governments having stated that some aspects of the world human right laws are at odds with the Koranic teachings balk at carrying out their duties with respect to human and citizen rights. Citizen’s rights are those class of people’s rights which are given as national rights according to the constitution of relevant countries and as such cover only the citizens of the relevant nations. The passage of the constitution of the I.R.I encompassing sections 19, 23, 24, 26, 32, 47, ... which had contained the equal rights and citizen’s rights had generated great hope that the people of Iran will again after much time regain their human rights and citizen’s rights. The manner that these rights are accepted and are made to coexist with the Sharia and the way the populace of the nations in the Middle East are taught and informed on their quest for human rights and citizen’s rights are among the most noteworthy guides of their governments in carrying out its relevant duties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
257 - Fuzzy Implication Operators Applied to Country Health Preparation
John Mordeson Sunil Mathew Aswathi PrabhathWe use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators. We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care. We then find a fuzzy similarity of co MoreWe use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators. We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care. We then find a fuzzy similarity of countries involving the two rankings of countries with respect to national disaster and political disaster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
258 - Studying Professor Motahari's point of view regarding reason and faith, with a view on the theory of nature
mohsen hakemi Enshaallah RahmatiThe study of the relationship between reason and faith has always been desired by thinkers of different religions, and the type of reading about the relationship between reason and faith has led to the emergence of different intellectual worlds among the followers of mo MoreThe study of the relationship between reason and faith has always been desired by thinkers of different religions, and the type of reading about the relationship between reason and faith has led to the emergence of different intellectual worlds among the followers of monotheistic religions. In the monotheistic religion of Islam, different thinkers have addressed this important issue and it has extended from faithism to rationalism in the form of Ash'ari, Mu'tazila, Ahl al-Hadith, Akhbarites and Shi'ite systems of thought, and the mystical and philosophical reading and stratum of the ratio of reason and faith.Morteza Motahari as a stylish thinker in the Islamic world, emerging from the Islamic system of thought, although he did not deal with this issue independently, but his focus on defining and dividing and expressing the truth of faith and reason; and the application of these two valleys in the nature of religion; It can be a guide for researchers to explain the relationship between reason and faith.In Motahari's thought, the proof of the ability of reason to discover reality is derived from religious texts through reference to religious texts. He believes that not only faith is not an obstacle to reason, but reason dependent on religious faith helps a lot in understanding beliefs. Motahari is on the side of reason in the conflict between faith and reason. Also, according to Motahari's epistemological system in expressing the theory of nature, by proving and defending this theory, he considers faith as rational and reason as faith. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
259 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
260 - Expected Competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates: a qualitative study
Akbar Hedayat Hassan Maleki Alireza Sadeghi Ismail SadipourAbstract The aim of this study is to identify expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates. To achieve this purpose with qualitative research approach, through targeted sampling (to reach theoretical saturation), 24 people were selected (8 academic spe MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to identify expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates. To achieve this purpose with qualitative research approach, through targeted sampling (to reach theoretical saturation), 24 people were selected (8 academic specialists of curriculum,11 graduates and 5 employers) The data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews. Collected Data through revealed qualitative content analysis were analyzed and coded. The findings of this study showed that expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates are three themes: cognitive competencies (professional knowledge of curriculum, general cognitional competency and general knowledge), skills competencies (professional skills of curriculum and general skills) and attitude competencies (Curriculum attitudinal competencies and general attitudes). The findings of this study could be used in various stages of competency-based curriculum, also offers a comprehensive vision of what should be achieved during the course of studying the of Master degree of curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
261 - Socio-economic factors On Student Migration Tendency In Master’s Degree In Shiraz University
Sousan Sahami Karim FathiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the student's tendency to immigrate from the country. The sample of this study consists of 120 students of 25-25 years old students of Shiraz University. They were randomly selected. Data were c MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the student's tendency to immigrate from the country. The sample of this study consists of 120 students of 25-25 years old students of Shiraz University. They were randomly selected. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using regression analysis, correlation coefficient. Findings of the research show that there is a significant relationship between the pull factor in the destination country (employment opportunity, the motivation for progress, the welfare of the destination country, the welfare of the destination country, the country's scientific opportunities) with the desire to immigrate from the country. Push factor of the country of origin (low unemployment and discriminative, discriminatory and perceived injustice). With the desire to emigrate from the country, the motive for progress is one of the most significant predictors of the desire to emigrate. And among the drivers of education, unemployment, and discrimination and perceived injustice are significant predictors of the desire for immigration. But the protective factors (belonging to the homeland and religious orientation) are not significantly related to the desire to immigrate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
262 - Modeling social responsibility, mastery and organizational adaptability in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Sistan and Baluchestan Province
Rohollah Arab Mokhtari rezvan dadkhahThe purpose of this study is to develop a communication model of social responsibility, mastery and adaptability in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The research method is descriptive-analytical which has been done in the f MoreThe purpose of this study is to develop a communication model of social responsibility, mastery and adaptability in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The research method is descriptive-analytical which has been done in the field. The study population was 100 employees of the Sports and Youth Department of Sistan and Baluchestan Province. The sample size was selected as the total number. The instruments used in the research included the standard questionnaire of social responsibility of CSR employees (1991), and the standard questionnaire of organizational mastery of Pour Abedi (2013). The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by 15 experts and their reliability was calculated in a preliminary test with 30 subjects and with Cronbach's alpha for the Responsibility Questionnaire (0.80) and Mastery (0.79). Inferential statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient test and simple linear regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that social responsibility has a significant relationship with organizational dominance. Paying attention to social responsibility in the General Directorate of Sports and Youth of Sistan and Baluchestan Province requires a special look at the other two variables of research (mastery and organizational adaptability capacity) that by holding working groups and symposiums can be seen from the opinions and potentials of employees. He used the external variable to deal with the variable, and by doing so, he developed the sport of Sistan and Baluchestan province and made good use of the opportunities available in the competitive environment of sport.Keywords: social responsibility, mastery, adaptability capacity of the General Directorate of Sports and Youth Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
263 - Iranian prophet in historical and heroic texts
Reza GhafouriZoroaster the ancient prophet of the ancient Iran is one of the greatest and the most renowned heroes in history. In some parts of Avesta and in Middle Persian religious texts there are references to Zoroaster and his relationship with Goshtasp. MoreZoroaster the ancient prophet of the ancient Iran is one of the greatest and the most renowned heroes in history. In some parts of Avesta and in Middle Persian religious texts there are references to Zoroaster and his relationship with Goshtasp. Based on these genre of texts, after experiencing many adventures Zoroaster visits Goshtasp and invites him to his religion. The Persian king after seeing Zoroasters’ miracles and with the mediation of Zoroasterian angels adopted the new religion. The main consequence of this event is his battle with Arjasb. The aforementioned narratives with few alterations are included in Shahnameh and certain historical texts. It is worthy of attention that the Islamic historians have had two entirely different contradictory views toward Zoroaster. Some regard him as a divine prophet or a sage and mentioned his certain miracles and spoke about the value of his book while others regard him not only as the Iranian prophet but also counted him as a person from Bani Israeil who betrayed one of the prophets of the tribe, created his own fake religion and upon deceiving Goshtasp caused enormous bloodshed. This article first deals with the study of narratives concerning the adventures of Zoroaster with Goshtasp in the above sources and then it refers to the most important reasons for the negative approach the historians took towards the Iranian poet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
264 - Plato’s world of illusion, Collective unconscious of Jung, and Mowlana’s world of heart
Taqi PournamdarianIrrespective of their whereabouts, their cultural era, humans share common gifts and potentialities arising from their epistemological existential essence. A large part of peoples’ knowledge and experiences are common despite their differences in terms of cu MoreIrrespective of their whereabouts, their cultural era, humans share common gifts and potentialities arising from their epistemological existential essence. A large part of peoples’ knowledge and experiences are common despite their differences in terms of culture, time, place and personal experiences. The important point is that this difference is only external, the underlying structure or deep structure is similar, since human potentialities are rarely influenced by cultural differences hence there exists similarities between Plato, Suhrawardi, Mowlana and Jung regarding the structure of the world and Man’s psyche in terms of deep structure. By presenting Plato’s world of illusion and Suhrawardi’s world of image, Zoroaster’s spiritual divine forms (farvahar), Jung’s collective unconscious, and the sayings of Attar and Mowlana regarding divine eternal self, one can clearly find resemblances in terms of deep structure between these modes of thoughts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
265 - Safir-e Simorgh in Kargahe Ankaboot
Shahin Ojagh AlizadehThe purpose of this article is to investigate and analyze Suhrawardi’s masterpiece “The Calling of Simorgh” and to examine the grand thoughts of this thinker. On the surface, this valuable work seems to be a treatise on mysticism explaining the s MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate and analyze Suhrawardi’s masterpiece “The Calling of Simorgh” and to examine the grand thoughts of this thinker. On the surface, this valuable work seems to be a treatise on mysticism explaining the stages of Suluk and the secrets of Gnosticism, but in fact is a voluminous book, summarized for instructional purposes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
266 - Fables and tales in European Literature (Victorian Age- 19th Century)
Fereshteh NaseriIn this article attempt is made to point out briefly the following subjects: The impact of Old Persian Literary works such as Thousand and one nights on European Literature Formation and development of a bond between the west and the East, as well as discussing the inf MoreIn this article attempt is made to point out briefly the following subjects: The impact of Old Persian Literary works such as Thousand and one nights on European Literature Formation and development of a bond between the west and the East, as well as discussing the influential factors involved Interchange of cultures, Occidental Literature meets Oriental Literature Introducing great literary figures of the Victorian Age and their works inspired by the Oriental Literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
267 - Masnavi and Ghazal two arenas for manifestation of Persian Poetry and Moulana’s mastery in these two realms
Manouchehr DaneshPajouhIt is known that in Persian poetry 10 verse forms have been used by the outstanding composers of the Persian poetry for more than a thousand year, but in terms of volume and quantity, and also in terms of quality and pleasantness they are not of the same rank and some m MoreIt is known that in Persian poetry 10 verse forms have been used by the outstanding composers of the Persian poetry for more than a thousand year, but in terms of volume and quantity, and also in terms of quality and pleasantness they are not of the same rank and some more than others reveal the true value of Persian poetry. Masnavi and Ghazal within all verse forms are of particular importance. Moulana acquired his fame in these two realms and with the composition of Masnavi and Ghazaliat Shams in these genres, gave special credit to them. Manuscript profile
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