Constructivist Epistemology of the Model of Social Disasters in Crimes against Security Emphasizing the Disaster of Generation Gap and Multi-polarization

Subject Areas : Jurisprudence and Criminal Law Doctrines

Mousavi Fard  Seyed Mohammad Reza ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran.)
maryam  forati ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran)

Received: 2023-02-12 Accepted : 2023-07-16 Published : 2023-06-22

Keywords: constructivist epistemology of social disasters, prevention of security crimes caused by generation gap, delinquency prevention of social multi-polarization, prevention criminology of generation gap,

Abstract :

Receive Date: 2023/02/12                    Revise Date: 2023/07/15                   Accept Date:  2023/07/16Incorrect management of generation gap and social disasters resulted from that on one hand, is changed to crimes against general security and on the other hand, to identity gap. It is possible with the constructivist theoretical approach examine the model of social crises caused by the generation gap and with security and delinquency  prevention criminological approaches  during middle time and long time, reduced its’ negative consequences. Constructivist approach provides best comprehension of social disasters caused by generation gap and its’ aspects. In this approach, the role of different factors; such as social networks on the process of social disasters is examined. However today social networks are one of the important arms of enemy for generation gap, social multi-polarization and weakness of national and political unity. For management of social disasters caused by generation gap, crisis-inducing social demands should be distinguished from organized crimes against public security and for prevention from changing a generation gap to identity gap and improvement of social security, using delinquency prevention criminological approaches is necessary. However the constructivist approach and using delinquency prevention criminological in middle time or long time is resulted in decrease of mentioned disasters’ functions and improvement of social security.

References:

 

1. بیابانی، غلامحسین، (۱۳۹۲)، «نقش رسانه در پیشگیری از جرم»، فصلنامه علمی رسانه، شماره: 3، پیاپی ۲۴.


2. دانش، پروانه؛ ذاکری نصر آبادی، زهرا؛ سادات عبداللهی، عظیمه، (۱۳۹۳)، تحلیل جامعه ‌شناختی شکاف نسلی در ایران، مجله جامعه پژوهی فرهنگی، شماره: 3، پیاپی ۵.


3. خوئینی، مینا؛ فراش بندی، رضا، (۱۳۹۶)، «شبکه‌های اجتماعی و شکاف بین نسلی»، مجموعه مقالات اولین دوره همایش ملی آسیب شناسی و آسیب زدایی پدیده شکاف بین نسلی (زمینه‌ها، چالش‌ها، و راهکارها).


4. قوام، عبدالعلی، (۱۳۸۴)، «سازه انگاری: سنتز پوزیتویسم و پست پوزیتویسم یا پلی میان نئورئالیزم و نئولیبرالیزم»، فصلنامه تحقیقات حقوق خصوصی و کیفری، سال اول، شماره: 2.


5. مطلق، معصومه؛ فتحی، سروش، (۱۳۹۰)، «جهانی شدن و فاصله نسلی؛ مطالعه جامعه شناختی فاصله نسلی: با تأکید بر فن آوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات»، مجله مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی، شماره: ۲، پیاپی ۵.


6. میبدی، محمد رضا؛ شادمان فر، محمد رضا؛ حیدری، مسعود، (۱۴۰۰)، «تغییر جهت گیری پیشگیری بر اساس سیاست‌های سخت گیرانه و سازوکارهای محدود کننده حقوق بشری در جرم شناسی امنیتی»؛ فصلنامه حقوق پزشکی ویژه نامه نوآوری حقوقی، دوره پانزدهم.


7. نجفی ابرندآبادی، علی حسین؛ حبیب زاده، محمد جعفر؛ شمس ناتری، محمد ابراهیم، (۱۳۷۹)، «جرم سازمان یافته در جرم شناسی و حقوق جزاء»؛ فصلنامه مدرس علوم انسانی، دوره چهارم، شماره: ۴، پیاپی ۱۷.


8. Brown, J.S; Collins, A; Duguid, P. (1989). "Situated cognition and the culture of learning". Educational Researcher. 18 (1): doi: 10.3102/0013189x018001032. HDL: 2142/17979. S2CID 9824073.


9. Deric, Shannon. (2011). Political sociology: oppression, resistance, and the state. Pine Forge Press. p. 150. ISBN 9781412980401. OCLC 746832550.


10. Eddy, Matthew Daniel. (2004). "Fallible or Inerrant? A Belated review of the Constructivist Bible". British Journal for the History of Science. 37: doi: 10.1017/s0007087403005338. S2CID 141028650.


11. Graham, Stephen; Aurigi, Alessandro. (1997).Virtual cities, social polarization, and the crisis in urban public space; Journal of Urban Technology Volume 4, 1997 - Issue 1, https://doi.org/10.1080/10630739708724546


12. Newman, Denis; Griffin, Peg; Cole, Michael. (1989). The Construction Zone: Working for Cognitive Change in School. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-38942-6.


13. Obar, Jonathan; et al. (2012). "Advocacy 2.0: An Analysis of How Advocacy Groups in the United States Perceive and Use Social Media as Tools for Facilitating Civic Engagement and Collective Action". Journal of Information Policy. doi:10.5325/jinfopoli.2.2012.1. S2CID 246628982. SSRN 1956352.


14. Rogoff, Barbara. (1990). Apprenticeship in thinking: cognitive development in social context. Oxford University Press.


15. Scott, John; Marshall, Gordon. (2009). "Social movements", A Dictionary of Sociology, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780199533008.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-953300-8.


16. Andrew Eungi. Kim, (2007). The social perils of the Korean financial crisis؛Journal of Contemporary Asia, Volume 34- Issue 2, availability: https://doi.org/10.1080/00472330480000061


17. Buettner, R and Buettner, K. (2016). A Systematic Literature Review of Twitter Research from a Socio-Political Revolution Perspective. 49th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Kauai, Hawaii: IEEE. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4239.9442.


18. Buettner, R and Buettner, K. (2016). A Systematic Literature Review of Twitter Research from a Socio-Political Revolution Perspective. 49th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Kauai, Hawaii: IEEE. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4239.9442. CID 246628982. SSRN 1956352.


19. Danqing Caib, Chulu Lianga and Yang Chen. (2018). Understanding WeChat Users’ Behavior of Sharing Social Crisis Information; International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, Volume 34, Issue 4, accessible: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10447318.2018.1427826


20. de Leon, Cedric. (2013). Party & society: reconstructing a sociology of democratic party politics. ISBN 9780745653686. OCLC 856053908.


21. Gruffydd Jones, Branwen. (2008). The global political economy of social crisis: Towards a critique of the failed state ideology; Review of International Political Economy Volume 15, 2008 - Issue 2. https://doi.org/10.1080/09692290701869688


22. Matthews, Michael. (1998). Constructivism in Science Education: A Philosophical Examination. Dordrecht: Springer Science & Business Media. x. ISBN 9780792349242.


23. Nola, Robert; Irzik, Gürol. (2006). Philosophy, Science, Education and Culture. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4020-3770-2.


24. Obar، Jonathan. (2013). "Canadian Advocacy 2.0: A Study of Social Media Use by Social Movement Groups and Activists in Canada". SSRN 2254742.


25. Obar, Jonathan. (2013). "Canadian Advocacy 2.0: A Study of Social Media Use by Social Movement Groups and Activists in Canada". SSRN 2254724.


26. Opp, Karl-Dieter. (2009). Theories of Political Protest and Social Movements: A Multidisciplinary Introduction, Critique and Synthesis. Rout ledge. ISBN 978-1-134-01439-2.


27. Patrick Thaddeus Jackson and Daniel H. Nexon. (2002). "Whence Causal Mechanisms? A Comment on Legro" in Dialogue IO Vol. 1.


28. Pugh, Jeff. (2008). "Vectors of Contestation: Social Movements and Party Systems in Ecuador and Colombia". Latin American Essays. PDF Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270512275_Vectors_of_Contestation_Social_Movements_and_Party_Systems_in_Ecuador_and_Colombia.


29. R L O'Block. (1981). Security and Crime Prevention, NCJ Number 78284. The above analytical article is accessible at: https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/security-and-crime-prevention.


30. Seifert, Kelvin & Sutton, Rosemary. (2009). Educational Psychology: Second Edition Archived 2017-08-29 at the Way back machine. Global Text Project, https://resources.saylor.org/wwwresources/archived/site/wpcontent/uploads/2011/04/Educational-Psychology.


31. Bukalerova, L. A; Ostroushko, A. V & Criez, O. (2021). Crimes against information security of minors committed through information and telecommunication networks (including the Internet). Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Law.


32. Gürcan, E. C. (2019). The strategic and economic crisis of open regionalism in Europe. Multipolarization, South–South Cooperation, and the Rise of Post-Hegemonic Governance.


33. Zhou, Y; Kara, A & Molyneux, P. (2017). Chair-CEO Generation Gap and Bank Risk-Taking. Corporate Finance: Governance.


34. Harrasova, G. V & Yagudin, R. S. (2023). Cyber environment and measures information security minors. interaction of state authorities, local government and educational organizations in the field of counteraction and prevention of asocial phenomena in the youth environment.