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Open Access Article
1 - Examine the impact supervisors' perceptions of interactional justice on abusive supervision: explain the role of moderator authoritarian leadership style (Case study: Sepah Bank)
امین زارع علیرضا زارعی مهسا جمالی سعیده روستاییThe aim and context: The purpose of this study is examine the impact supervisors’ perceptions of interactional justice and authoritarian leadership style on abusive supervision. Also examined the effect of authoritarian leadership style as moderator variable in th MoreThe aim and context: The purpose of this study is examine the impact supervisors’ perceptions of interactional justice and authoritarian leadership style on abusive supervision. Also examined the effect of authoritarian leadership style as moderator variable in the relationship between supervisors' perceptions of interactional justice and abusive supervision. Methodology : The statistical population of the study consisted of 126 supervisors of Sepah Bank branches in Shiraz and data collecting tool was questionnaires includes standardized questionnaires interactional justice (Neihoff & Moorman, 1993), authoritarian leadership style (Cheng et al, 2004), and abusive supervision (Tepper, 2000). Validity and reliability the questionnaires using face validity, construct validity and Cronbach's alpha were examined To analyze the data, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling software and smart PLS (version 2) was used. Results and conclusion: The results showed that supervisors’ perceptions of interactional justice has a negative and significant impact on abusive supervision and authoritarian leadership style as independent variable has Positive and significant impact on abusive supervision. It was also found authoritarian leadership style as a moderator variable, has a positive and significant impact but weak in relationship between supervisors' perceptions of interactional justice and abusive supervision. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Users' Perception of Cultural Security in Cyberspace (Cyberspace Creates or Destroys Security)
Ali Mirbeyk sabzevari Faezeh Taghipour Reza EsmailiThe aim of this study was to explain users' perceptions of cultural security in cyberspace. For this purpose, 38 managers, specialists and professors of communication, media, cyberspace and culture were selected using theoretical purposive sampling and studied by qualit MoreThe aim of this study was to explain users' perceptions of cultural security in cyberspace. For this purpose, 38 managers, specialists and professors of communication, media, cyberspace and culture were selected using theoretical purposive sampling and studied by qualitative content analysis. The data collection tool in this study was an in-depth semi-structured interview. Findings include 21 themes: the impact of cultural security on multifaceted cultural infrastructures; Interaction of economic security with cultural security, Cultural diversity in cyberspace, introduction of sustainable landscape, Global dimensions of cultural security, Purposeful reflection of the concept of cultural security, Strengthening and enriching cultural heritage in cyberspace, Preservation and promotion of Islamic culture, revival of customs and traditions, Introducing local and indigenous literature, strengthening artistic motivations, Explain cultural values and norms, Acquisition of new knowledge, Perceptions and behaviors of users and the harms and threats of cyberspace were in the field of cultural security. The findings showed that what and how cultural security in cyberspace is influenced by economic, political, social and international approaches, as well as the performance and perception of users of cyberspace Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Review the role of form visual Component from perception and its impact on people's motivation
mitra faraji fatemeh ebrahimzadeh navaiObserver’s perceive of architecture is used in many fields. Because much of our perception and understanding of the environment is based on visual stimulus, therefor an expert design should be based on visual stimulus too. Moreover, visual communication is to be u MoreObserver’s perceive of architecture is used in many fields. Because much of our perception and understanding of the environment is based on visual stimulus, therefor an expert design should be based on visual stimulus too. Moreover, visual communication is to be used for strengthening, intensifying, and consolidation of other senses as well, otherwise the aforementioned design will result in poor perception of the environment.In discussing of the perceptions, the worring issue is that despite of the fact that perception system is same for every individual, but that individual has different perception of his/her environment. Perception can be different from similar stimuli and combined with different factors and one factor alone can't determine perceptions. Environmental data in all of conditions and positions are not available. Sensory effect actually is the effect of a form on individuals and it follows different factors, but visual effect belongs to the individual and it doesn't follow any factor and it can have different effects on the individuals.Perception of environment is a function of the ability to receive sensory receptors in which is a function of effective environmental conditions on events such as light, temperature, humidity , pressure, noise,odor and ... . Also personal and social features play significant role in human perceptions. Relationship between individual and environment is formed in different levels such as individual level (feeling, perceptions, values, inner experience and...) and social levels (larger units like different community groups or groups that are similar in age and gender.If sensory stimuli are opposed to each other, they will become confusing and disturbing. The sensory effect like perception deponds on state of body. Because this effect is covered in the individual body, it will follow the personal, biography and social intermediaries. Moreover, the visual effect is a force transmitted and directed by individual and it's quality deponds on individual characteristics.Different proportions range creates a variety of interpretations. Slender, thin and long forms show charm and elegance, while round forms show warmth and comfort. The forms tilted into the inside show aggression or curiosity, while forms tilted out show fear and anxiety. The relationship between basic forms and basic emotions are one of key points of design that embodies dilectical definition of emotions.In this research, factors affecting the visual perceptions of individuals with emphsis on the new approaches and the application of the form in today's architecture design is based on Rudolf Arnheim views on visual perceptions and criticized by the pair comparison method. These factors included tension (complexity and contradiction), physical characteristics,weight (reducing of the mass) and dynamics. Questionnaires were prepared on the basis of paired comparisons to determine the superiority of each of parts. collected data was analyzed using AHP on 50 questionnaires to determine the mean of superiority of each of the factors over other. In addition, in order to determine overall value of each factor, the sum of value of superiority of one part over other parts was calculated and mean was determined.Keywords:Visual perception, architectural, AHP, Human. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Iranian traditional home aesthetics: Recognition aesthetics elements based on Grounded Theory(Case Study: Yazd)
Maryam Soleimani Kazem MondegariThe aesthetics is the quality of being pleasing, especially to look at, or someone or something that gives great pleasure, especially when looking at it. The conception for aesthetic is used in art, sociology, social psychology, and culture. Thus, aesthetic is one of th MoreThe aesthetics is the quality of being pleasing, especially to look at, or someone or something that gives great pleasure, especially when looking at it. The conception for aesthetic is used in art, sociology, social psychology, and culture. Thus, aesthetic is one of the issues that are of concern to all human beings, and especially Architecture and urban planning designer. The factors that achieving it help to success and the functioning of a residential area. Therefore, considering the importance of addressing this issue and extract metrics, this study aims to provide aesthetic standards in the design of housing and residential areas consider to identify of an aesthetics elements of traditional houses in Yazd. Yazd has a rich architectural and historical importance. Therefore it could be fertile ground for recognizing the criteria of aesthetic in architecture. In order to achieve this goal, it tried based on Grounded theory method and identification that derived from the design of housing and residential areas on the aesthetics elements of the home that shaped based on the perception of the aesthetic of interviewees from the spaces. In this way in order to study first, seven examples of traditional houses in Yazd, used as Architectural College, which considered as case study, The continuous presence and personal observations and interviews realized in the deep and open with present residents of these houses that include 25 students and staff. Aesthetic elements of these houses identified by using a systematic method, Strauss and Corbin analyzed and explained in three opening, axial and selective coding. A study using grounded theory is likely to begin with a question, or even just with the collection of qualitative data. As researchers review the data collected, repeated ideas, concepts or elements become apparent, and tagged with codes, which have been extracted from the data. As more data is collected and as data is re-reviewed, codes can be grouped into concepts and then into categories. Finally, in order to further the validity of research results, research findings obtained from field studies in comparative comparison put by the concepts and principles. The results show that four general agents such as: A) Effects on aesthetic of nature, such as the manifestation of the trees, sky, water, clay and effects of light. B) The manifestation of unification by using simplicity, arrangement, symmetry, rhythm, concentration geometry, duplication, using proportion; C) Emphasis on the effects of space on the observer(attention to depth watch in different views) by creating virtual images in water, creating consecutive views and using customary decorations D) The emphasis on meaning through symbolic elements and the concept of the amazing memories (The possibility of The manifestation of mind familiar phenomena from the perspective of these houses present residents were reconditioned by creating niches). It is noted that each of these elements have been achieved through the factors that have been detailed expressed during the investigation. The results obtained in this study can be followed as a new research for affirming theories obtained in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Examining the Relationship between Psychological Adaptation to Achieve Thermal Comfort with a Sense of Place in Urban Areas (The Case Study of Imam Hussein and Imam Khomeini Square in Tehran)
elham zabetian reza kheir e dinMost studies on thermal comfort in urban spaces have been focused on physical factors, while thermal adaptation is one of the most important factors in the perception of comfort. Up to now, in most studies on thermal comfort and adaptability of individuals with micro cl MoreMost studies on thermal comfort in urban spaces have been focused on physical factors, while thermal adaptation is one of the most important factors in the perception of comfort. Up to now, in most studies on thermal comfort and adaptability of individuals with micro climatic conditions in urban public spaces or residential areas in Iran, just studies of physical and physiological factors and physical suggestions such as changes in the form of building, density, vegetation species, landscaping and land use planning have been conducted. Of course, there are some studies on thermal comfort perceived (not felt)and combination of physical and objective studies with mental, social and environmental psychological studies with a collaborative approach to the visitors to the space in some countries of the world; but the psychological variables studied (especially in the field of thermal adaptation) generally include the effects of the factors such as naturalness, expectation, experiences and time of exposure and perceived control on space. Although the mentioned variables have been not studied in the form of urban public spaces according to the climatic and cultural-demographic conditions of different regions in Iran in a comprehensive study, the main goal of the present study is the effect of the sense of place component on perceived thermal comfort and thermal adaptation of individuals which have been not considered in previous studies. By studying the relationship between the two concepts of thermal adaptation and sense of place, in order to promote the thermal comfort of the people in an urban space and generalize it to a variety of comfort conditions in a space, it is possible to decide better in the planning process to achieve the goals of an urban space. Since we will not have a space with a physical comfort, but without an adequate sense of place which encounters a lack of attraction of people compared to spaces that although the lack of comfort, but have enough sense of place. Therefore, expanding the concept of perception and its difference with feeling is one of the key goals of the present research. The hypothesis of the present study is that: "There is a direct relationship between thermal adaptation in order to reach thermal comfort and different levels of a sense of place in urban spaces. "The experimental model of this study has been extracted after conceptualization and explained by Delphi method and then, a questionnaire corresponding to each component of the model was developed by surveying in two urban spaces in Tehran city and filled out by 200 citizens presenting in the two places in cold season and then analyzed using statistical tests, including T-test, correlation and Beta. The results indicate that, it was also found that there is a direct correlation between the two variables of sense of place and individuals’ thermal adaptation in order to achieve the thermal comfort (the proof of the main research hypothesis). Finally, some strategies have been provided to improve the thermal adaptation and sense of place and to increase the mentioned correlation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis of inner peace in virtual reality experience based on the phenomenology of embodied perception of space (case study: design of a residential complex in Kish Island)
Mina Hasani Jamaledin Soheili Ali Akbari Hamid NejatBringing living space design closer to space quality standards is one of the most important architectural issues. Considering the high volume of housing construction, the desirability of residential spaces is important and necessary. Testing the quality of the space bas MoreBringing living space design closer to space quality standards is one of the most important architectural issues. Considering the high volume of housing construction, the desirability of residential spaces is important and necessary. Testing the quality of the space based on its perceptual pseudo-experience during design and before construction is one of the mechanisms to achieve the desired architecture, which is possible for architects today with the help of virtual reality technology. With this aim, in the theoretical framework of the phenomenology of perception, in a quantitative way and with the test of the semantic differentiation scale, first eight components of the feeling of inner peace, including pleasure, interestingness, beauty, normality, calmness, wideness, openness and enjoyment of daylight, were counted. In this experimental perception test, 24 participants (12 women/12 men) rated 24 virtual rooms in eight experimental groups. The participants were randomly selected from people who intended to pre-purchase an apartment unit in Kish Island. The interior of the apartment under construction was renovated for them. For each visualized scene, space evaluation was done through a 45-second exploration interval. The resulting data were evaluated using the semantic difference scale technique. Also, the correlation of the variables was checked through the non-linear quadratic regression test. The findings from the analysis of the components of the perception of inner peace in the virtual reality experience, which in this study are the pleasantness or unpleasantness of the space, the attractiveness of the space, the beauty or ugliness of the space, normality or abnormality, calmness, the perceptual breadth of the space, openness to the outside and the enjoyment of daylight and It was sunlight, it indicates the meaningful relationships between them in a way that is in line with the real experience of the space and as if the people felt themselves present in the space. Also, the correlation diagram between the variables, especially in the case of the three characteristics of pleasantness, attractiveness and beauty, confirms this. In this study, the correlation between the living space characteristics of a residential unit and the experimental qualities attributed to them was studied quantitatively to measure the virtual experience of the perception of inner peace. The interaction of eight components with independent physical factors (floor materials, surface of openings, location, geometry and height of windows along with fixed height of space and fixed view outside) of a component-based description showed to be very effective for describing the variance observed in the ratings. The high level of correlation is particularly notable for the emotional and aesthetic rating categories, which cannot be trivially attributed to only one scene feature. Representation of designed scenes provides evidence for the importance of perceptual features in the experience of space in virtual reality. The current research has been carried out in the direction of generalizing and valuing spatial components in the design of a residential complex in the cultural/climatic context of Kish Island in Iran, so that a more successful design can be offered to users from this practical study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Analysing the Perception Process of Persian Garden's Environment, According to the Echologic Psychological Theory
Azadeh Shahcheraghi During the recent century we've found tensions in man-nature interaction. According to this problem, many of the researchers rethink and reconsider the Persian Garden and the man-nature relationship in it. Most of the researches include two points of view; the fi More During the recent century we've found tensions in man-nature interaction. According to this problem, many of the researchers rethink and reconsider the Persian Garden and the man-nature relationship in it. Most of the researches include two points of view; the first is Subjective-Objective method and the Second includes Phenomenological research method. In this research, the main goal is to analyze the Perception Process of Persian Garden's Environment, on the basis of the Ecological Psychology Theory. In order to analyze the process we use the third point of view which is explained as deductive and inductive category development method, in this research.This study shows that in Persian Garden's architectural order, the main purpose of designing many elements are just to stimulate our five senses (vision, hear, smell, touch and taste) simultaneously. This time’s notion attractions of all senses, according to environmental psychology researches, make a concentration and meditation environment in Persian garden. “Environmental DETACH in Persian gardens can lead us to spiritual ATTACH”, this approach propose a practical solution for architects; how to re-create garden in contemporary language design. The necessity can be understandable when humanbeing face different serious problems in the environment caused by various disorders in the life setting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Explaining the Cognitive Aspects of Elderly's Space Perception in Architecture based on Age, Gender and Length of Residence
Farnaz Cheraghifar Soltanzadeh Hossein Hadi Ghoddusifar -
Open Access Article
9 - Role of the Third Place in Recognition of Environmental Perception Theories
Mohammadreza Mohammadi Vosough Toktam Hanaee -
Open Access Article
10 - A Study of the Perspectives of Architecturale and Environmental Psychology (Theoreticians and Psychologists)
Seyedeh Marzieh Tabaeian Alireza Einifar -
Open Access Article
11 - The Application of Tactile Experience in Urban Perception
Mohammad Naghizade Maryam Ostadi -
Open Access Article
12 - An Analytical Study on Boundaries of Administrative-defined Neighborhoods Using Residents’ Cognitive Maps (Case study: Mashhad Municipality Neighborhoods, Iran)
Amidoleslam Saghatoleslami Seyedeh Negar Hosseinian 3Maryam Behnami Fard -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of Different Levels of Corporate Risk Disclosure on Investors' Perceptions
MohammadHossein Labibzadeh حجازی Hejazi allahkaram salehi Farshin HormoziDisclosure of the main risks of the business unit and changes in those risks, along with management plans and strategies, to address or reduce these risks and the effectiveness of risk management strategies. This disclosure of information helps financial users assess th MoreDisclosure of the main risks of the business unit and changes in those risks, along with management plans and strategies, to address or reduce these risks and the effectiveness of risk management strategies. This disclosure of information helps financial users assess the entity's risks as well as their expected consequences. The purpose of this research of Effect of Different Levels of Corporate Risk Disclosure on Investors' Perceptions. In this study, considering that there was no clear and coherent basis for the separation of levels of risk reporting, based on the methodology of the qualitative sector, an attempt was made to identify the dimensions of risk disclosure based on the content analysis process. Therefore, in terms of the result of this research, it is developmental, and in terms of its applied purpose, it is in the category of semi-experimental research. It is also a combination of research data types. In this study, a scenario-based questionnaire was used to test the hypotheses. The scope of the research in 2020, the statistical population included active investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange, 160 people were selected as a sample size and examined. The results of the research in the qualitative part indicate the existence of two main categories as levels of risk reporting of capital market companies. The results in the quantitative section also showed that the average perception of investors in the convergence of risk disclosure is higher than the divergence in risk disclosure Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Effects of Corruption Perception Index on Tax Revenues In Iran
M. Mohammadi A.H. Ghafarinejad S. AhmadiThe main purpose of this study is to explore how corruption in public sectors affects collection of tax between in Iran. We have used GMM models to find the impact of Corruption Perception Index on tax revenues collected from 1980 to 2010. The results show that lower c MoreThe main purpose of this study is to explore how corruption in public sectors affects collection of tax between in Iran. We have used GMM models to find the impact of Corruption Perception Index on tax revenues collected from 1980 to 2010. The results show that lower corruption perception indices i.e. high level of corruption has reduced every type of tax revenues except consumption and sales taxes. We have also found that GDP per capita and the degree of economic openness are positively related to the amount of tax collected. Another finding of our study is that inflation and value added of agricultural sector are negatively related to all tax revenues. -SA style='font-size:11.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Nazanin'>این مقاله با استفاده از شش مدل، به بررسی شاخص درک فساد بر درآمدهای مالیاتی و اجزا آن می­پردازد. این مدلها با استفاده از تکنیک GMM داده­های سری زمانی برای 31 سال برآورد شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد که شاخص­های درک فساد بر انواع مالیات­ها به جز مالیات بر مصرف و فروش دارای تأثیری منفی بوده و متغیّرهای درجه باز بودن اقتصاد و درآمد سرانه نیز تأثیر مثبت و معنی­داری بر انواع درآمدهای مالیاتی دارند. همچنین ارزش افزوه بخش کشاورزی و تورم دارای تأثیر منفی و معنی­دار بر تمامی مالیات­ها میباشند. از این رو مهم ترین توصیه سیاستی این مطالعه آن است که اگردولت به منظور بالابردن سطح رفاه در پی افزایش درآمدهای مالیاتی است، بایستی با بهرهگیری از سیاست­های مناسب و با پیاده سازی اصلاحات از میزان فساد مالی و اداری بکاهد و این امر مستلزم افزایش درآمد از پایه­های مالیاتی است که کمتر در معرض فساد هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Investigating Job Security and Perceiving Organizational Support in Predicting the Productivity of Contract Staff of Khoramabad University of Medical Sciences
baharak shirzad kebria leila nosratiIntroduction: The importance of employee productivity in organizations is an undeniable part in the management of the organization. High productivity increases living standards and social welfare through real incomes, national competitiveness and quality of life. Theref MoreIntroduction: The importance of employee productivity in organizations is an undeniable part in the management of the organization. High productivity increases living standards and social welfare through real incomes, national competitiveness and quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the factors that can predict this productivity in the organization. Methodology: This research is applied in terms of applied and descriptive survey method and correlation branch. The statistical population of this study consisted of all contracted personnel of Khoramabad University of Medical Sciences. Using Morgan's table, 196 people were selected as sample size and these numbers were selected by stratified random sampling from the statistical population. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The correlation coefficient of occupational safety and productivity of contract staff was r = 0.25, which is significant at the level of 0.001. The correlation coefficient of perceived organizational support and the productivity of contract staff is r = 0.38, which is significant at the level of 0.001. Job security and organizational support perceived the power of predicting the productivity of contract staff (F = 19.95, P <0.001), and job security pre-beta variable (β = 0.16) and organizational support perception of beta (β = 0.33) have the power to predict the productivity of contract staff. Conclusion: Occupational safety is one of the health factors and its maintenance by the organization continues to serve, therefore its satisfaction in job relations leads to job satisfaction and as a result of effective performance along with proper efficiency and efficiency. Perceived organizational support provides a desirable field of business, and with the understanding of the organization's support, there is a strong and consistent relationship between organization and individuals. It was also found that any organization needed to increase its productivity by feeling the security of the job and understanding of organizational support so that it could enjoy high productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the effects of budgetary control system on budgetary performance considering the mediating role of budgetary perception in public hospitals (Case Study: Hospitals in Fars province)
Navid Reza Namazi Gholam Reza Rezaee Seyedeh Maryam kheibargirIntroduction: In management accounting, the budget is cornerstone of management control process and one of the unresolved issues. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hospital budgetary control system on budgetary performance consid MoreIntroduction: In management accounting, the budget is cornerstone of management control process and one of the unresolved issues. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hospital budgetary control system on budgetary performance considering the mediating role of budgetary perception. Methods: This is a descriptive and correlational research in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of study is the managers of public hospitals in Fars province. 400 questionnaires were distributed among members of statistical population and 103 questionnaires were collected. For statistical analysis, structural equation modeling technique have been used. Results: Findings showed that with increasing managers' budgetary evaluation, budgetary attitude (0.895) and budgetary motivation (0.280) increases. Also, managers' budgetary performance by increasing budgetary motivation (0.305) and managers' propensity to budgetary slack (0.382), will increase. However, increasing budgetary participation have no effect on managers' budgetary perception in terms of budgetary attitude (-0.085), propensity to budgetary slack (0.208) and budgetary motivation (-0.1). Budgetary feedback also has not the power to influence managers' budgetary perception in terms of budget attitude (-0.220), propensity to budgetary slack (0.271) and budgetary motivation (0.066). In addition, between budgetary evaluation and managers' propensity to budgetary slack (0.139) and also between budgetary attitude and budgetary performance (-0.055) have no significant relationship was observed. The results of the Sobel test also confirmed the mediating role of the budgetary motivation (3.050) in the relationship between budgetary evaluation and budgetary performance. Conclusion: Hospital managers and policymaker via giving more importance to budget evaluation can improve managers' budgetary motivation and attitude; Also, they can improve the performance of hospital budgets by improving budgetary motivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Factor Analytic Study on Service Quality Perceptions and Satisfaction in the E- Tourism
M. Matta S. Verma -
Open Access Article
18 - Impact of OCB-Specific Meanings on Employees’ Display of OCB: A Perspective in Pakistan
R. Kan -
Open Access Article
19 - The Effect of Ethical Perceptions on the Purchase Intentions with the Role of Consumer–Corporate Identification and Brand Trust (Case Study: Samsung Mobile Customers)
mohammad ali nasimi samira paliThe scope of moral consumerism transcends cultural boundaries and as a result quality, price, social behavior, innovation and ethical perspectives lead to consumer choice. The effect of ethical perceptions on the purchase intentions with the role of consumer–corpo MoreThe scope of moral consumerism transcends cultural boundaries and as a result quality, price, social behavior, innovation and ethical perspectives lead to consumer choice. The effect of ethical perceptions on the purchase intentions with the role of consumer–corporate identity and brand trust. Its statistical population includes all customers of Samsung in Tehran, from which 384 people were selected by non-probability sampling method. The data of this study were collected through the questionnaire of Javed et al. (2019). The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by its visual and content methods and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. SPSS and LISREL software were used in data analysis. The findings showed that ethical perceptions on the intention to buy with the role of consumer identity from the organization and trust in brands are significant. Consumer–corporate identification and brand trust are significant on the purchase intentions. The effect of ethical perception on consumer–corporate identification and brand trust was significantly adjusted by gender, customer age, education and location. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Effect of Affiliate Marketing on Purchase Intention of Customers: Investigation of the Mediator Role of Customer Trust and the Moderator Role of Customer Involvement and Customer Perceptions. (Case Study: Food Industry)
Maedeh Masoumi Asadollah Kordenaeij Asghar MoshabakiWith the rapid development of modern technologies, there have been rapid changes in consumer behavior as well as in the development of digital marketing and digital marketing tools. Today, digitalization has led to an increase in consumer awareness, and thus retailers n MoreWith the rapid development of modern technologies, there have been rapid changes in consumer behavior as well as in the development of digital marketing and digital marketing tools. Today, digitalization has led to an increase in consumer awareness, and thus retailers need to find effective ways to stand out. The use of digital marketing leads to better use of marketing management techniques to make significant changes in product design, packaging, efficiency and performance. This type of marketing encompasses all marketing processes and aims to make more profit. Accordingly, this study examines the impact of affiliate marketing as one of the dimensions of digital marketing on customers' intention to buy by considering the mediating role of customer trust and modulating customer involvement and perception using structural modeling technique among 385 users. Deals with food ordering applications. The results of this study show that representative marketing has a significant effect on customer trust and customer trust also has an effect on purchase intention. Also, the moderating effect of customer involvement and perception on the relationship between customer trust and purchase intention is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investing the Impact of restaurant authenticity on consumer's evaluation of perceived values of product with regard to moderating role of place attachment
mosayeb darvishMaintaining the customer's interest in re-visiting is an important issue in the face of close competition. Focusing on customer needs means paying attention to product quality and customer service, and many companies that once pioneered technology or low prices are now MoreMaintaining the customer's interest in re-visiting is an important issue in the face of close competition. Focusing on customer needs means paying attention to product quality and customer service, and many companies that once pioneered technology or low prices are now competing for product quality and better customer service. In this regard, after introducing the general framework of the research in the first chapter, the data were collected through the field. The statistical population of the study is the consumers of traditional restaurants in Yazd. A questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was designed for field collection and distributed in the statistical population of the research. A total of 804 standard questionnaires were collected based on Morgan table and analyzed using T-student fan in LISREL software environment. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and was confirmed with a value of 0.931. The results showed that restaurant credibility has the most direct effect between consumer satisfaction and loyalty and also restaurant credibility can affect the relevant effective variables such as satisfaction, peak experience and lifestyle appropriateness. In other words, the reputation of the restaurant affects the perception and behavior of consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Prairie a limited effect, as a craving for a decadence, with a crop of passion, with a brand, with a mianji inscription, a realization of a luxe bodn calla
amir hooshang nazarpouri Mojtaba Hasanvand Nasrin Hasanvand Razie JazaireIn recent years, we have seen increasing competition between companies to sell their products and services. And in the meantime, the customer's positive understanding of a brand makes it possible for him to choose a brand from among different brands and to be enthusiast MoreIn recent years, we have seen increasing competition between companies to sell their products and services. And in the meantime, the customer's positive understanding of a brand makes it possible for him to choose a brand from among different brands and to be enthusiastic about buying its products and services. Mediation is the perception of the luxury of the product. This research is based on the purpose of an applied research and in terms of data collection, descriptive-survey. The statistical population consists of all consumers of Bosch household appliances, which due to the unlimitedness of the statistical population and the impossibility of accessing all the target population, the sample size of 150 people was determined using Cochran's formula, and in this research, the available sampling method was used. Data have been used using Albert's brand love standard questionnaire (2010), product price perception by Lichtensin et al. (1993), factors influencing the purchase of luxury brands, Rolex et al. (2017) and researcher-made questions. Structural equation modeling analysis method was used using SPSS and SmartPLS software. The results of this research primarily confirm that restricting access to the product, perception of product luxury, and brand love are significantly related to each other. Also, limiting the brand and price has a positive and meaningful effect on brand love, but it must be said that limiting the brand has a greater impact on brand love than price. And among the components of brand love, word of mouth advertising has a higher priority than paying more and brand loyalty, which means that among customers who love the brand, word of mouth advertising is done far more than other cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Investigation of the Effects of Corporation Ability Association and Brand Awareness on Repurchase Intention and Mediator Roles of Quality Perception and Brand Resonance in Consumer Decision Marketing Process
A. R. KiaThis research is aimed at investigation of the effects of corporation ability association (CAA) and brand awareness on repurchase intention and mediator roles of quality perception and brand resonance in consumer decision marketing process. This used model is theory res MoreThis research is aimed at investigation of the effects of corporation ability association (CAA) and brand awareness on repurchase intention and mediator roles of quality perception and brand resonance in consumer decision marketing process. This used model is theory research and expanded brand equity of Aaker and Keller. Which impressive variables in accepting, consist of corporation ability association, brand awareness, quality perception, brand resonance, brand extensibility, price flexibility, repurchase intention. Procedure which has been done by a group of 385 person from Tehran's researches and sciences Azad University branch using descriptive statistically way, reasoning and constructive variable for intention for repeated purchase and decision-making process. Result of analysis using structural equations modeling has shown that overall CAA and quality perception and brand extensibility, brand awareness and quality perception, quality perception and brand resonance and price flexibility and repurchase intention, brand resonance and brand extensibility, has means relationship and variables mention has effected to process purchase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Examining the Impact of Feelings and Brand Perceptions in Purchasing of the Same Name Fragrances
T. Sadeghi M. Lashkary Kh. Ghaemmaghami TabriziThe perfume industry has made the highest earnings as compared to the other Cosmetics and Toiletries industries. Perfume has turned into a fashionable goods rather than a luxurious item in the modern societies. Moreover, various perfume brands are being launched in the MoreThe perfume industry has made the highest earnings as compared to the other Cosmetics and Toiletries industries. Perfume has turned into a fashionable goods rather than a luxurious item in the modern societies. Moreover, various perfume brands are being launched in the market annually making the selection harder for the customers. Because of the tremendous costs imposed on the newly-launched companies in the market, studying and recognizing the target groups and their preferences will noticeably locate the right markets and reduces the cost and possibility of perfume products failure. Although numerous studies have been conducted in Iran on various cosmetics and beauty products, this research is a pioneering one in dealing with the perfume industry. This research has attempted to examine the impact of customers’ feelings and brand perceptions in purchasing of the same name fragrancesand the rate of their familiarity with this concept of perfume. Furthermore, this study was an effort to investigate the effective factors in perfume purchase and their relationships with feelings and brand perception in purchase decision under a model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Consideration of Price Perception and Quality Perception on Behavioral Intention in Private and State Banks in Iran
K. Hamdi S. S. Al HosseiniThis research for first time in Iran tried to work on investigation about price perception and Quality perception on Behavioral Intention in private and state banks. In this research by explaining about 8 hypothesis we investigate about relationship MoreThis research for first time in Iran tried to work on investigation about price perception and Quality perception on Behavioral Intention in private and state banks. In this research by explaining about 8 hypothesis we investigate about relationship among price, quality, customer satisfaction, customer value and Behavioral Intention and by working exploratory research project, surveying research approach & accidental sampling, the necessary information of 196 customers of state and private banks was collected by the support of a valid & reliable questionnaire. This information has also been analyzed by the use of comparison tests and correlation tests. The conclusion shows that there is a direct relationship between Quality perception and Customer value, between Quality perception and Customer satisfaction, between Customer value and Customer satisfaction, between Customer satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions and the most important of all between Price perception and Behavioral Intentions in banks and still quality perception rather than price perception play less important role in Behavioral Intentions. On the other hand, other result shows no direct relationship between price perception and customer value and also Quality perception and customer value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Study on the Consumers' Perceptions of Electronic Banking Services of Keshavarzi Bank in the Southern Regions of Kerman Province
H. Zolfaghar Dehnavi D. RashidiBanks as financial institutions must meet the expectations and demands of their customers. This is why information technology plays a vital role in facilitating communication with customers through improving the effectiveness and speed of the banking services. This stud MoreBanks as financial institutions must meet the expectations and demands of their customers. This is why information technology plays a vital role in facilitating communication with customers through improving the effectiveness and speed of the banking services. This study examines consumers' perceptions of electronic banking services as one of the indicators of success in order to formulate a number of operational strategies to improve customer satisfaction which increases market share and customer loyalty. The present study focused on the views expressed by experts, consultants and banking professionals and aimed at investigating and designing a conceptual model by field research, and applying student t-test to measure the relationship between consumers' perceptions of electronic banking services with customer satisfaction, cost reduction ,safety factor as well as public information and awareness. Friedman test was then used to rank all these components in terms of customers’ perception. The statistical population consisted of all customers of the Keshavarzi Bank in the southern region of Kerman province 384 bank customers who were using e-banking services in the first three months of 1390 were chosen as samples through simple random sampling method. The data collection tool was a research questionnaire. The study findings showed that the impact of all these components of the proposed model of costumers’ perceptions on the quality of electronic banking services would be significant in the sense that cost component was ranked the highest and information awareness components were ranked lowest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Jurisprudential and legal assessment of the inclusion of the provision of Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code for criminals with relative impairment of discrimination and perception
Fatemeh Noori roomanan abbas tadayyon Behnam Yousefian ShuredeliIn Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code, the legislator has decreed a ruling that is defensible in some ways, but in some respects rejectable. The rejection of this substance is more important and its positive functions have been challenged. In some respects it can be c MoreIn Article 91 of the Islamic Penal Code, the legislator has decreed a ruling that is defensible in some ways, but in some respects rejectable. The rejection of this substance is more important and its positive functions have been challenged. In some respects it can be criticized that the removal of two punishments of Hadd and Qesas on condition of proof of doubt in the growth and perfection of intellect in adult offenders under 18 and the second possibility of the fall of these two punishments can only be noted in the case of adult offenders under 18 years of age that with a realistic attitude, there is no logical reason for either. In relation to the recent direction, the question arises whether the sentence of this article can be extended to the perpetrators with relative disabilities of the clean power according to this direction. This is a legal and jurisprudential point of view. This is a legal and jurisprudential point of view. It seems that if the philosophy of ratification of this article is proof of doubt in the development and perfection of the criminal mind, it should be said that none of the two directions reject the ruling of this article which has been mentioned above, and therefore, the ruling prescribed in this article is applicable to all offenders who have partial disabilities and comprehension, and therefore, it should be assumed that the criminals who suffer from this condition should not be assumed to be guilty of this condition. The realization of criminal responsibility and the impossibility of determining and executing the punishment, whether Hadd or Qisas or other punishments. The type of the paper, the foundation, its approach, descriptive-analytical, method of doing it, the library study and the means of collecting information in it are also jacking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Visualizing Financial Statements and Improving Users' perception of Intellectual Capital in Companies
Nassim Shahmoradi Hashem Nikoomaram Bahman Banimahd Feridoon Rahnamay RoodposhtiPresentation and transfer concepts in accounting, in most cases are based on numbers. While to obtain and extract some concepts such as intellectual capital, more calculation is needed. In this study, it has been tried to use the power of visualization as a cognitive me MorePresentation and transfer concepts in accounting, in most cases are based on numbers. While to obtain and extract some concepts such as intellectual capital, more calculation is needed. In this study, it has been tried to use the power of visualization as a cognitive means for the disclosure of intellectual capital concepts in financial statements. To this aim, using Davison's view some images were designed that were related to the concepts and were added to the associated reports in of a company in order to be experimentally tested among the MA students of accounting in 1394. To evaluate, confirmatory factor analysis was used. To test the research hypotheses two independent samples t-test were conducted. The obtained results confirm the high efficiency method used in improving the respondents perception of intellectual capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - An Explanatory model for Intellectual Perception of Budgeter at Iranian Universities and Research Institutes
Farzaneh Jalali Aliabadi Bita Mashyekhi Ali Asghar Pourezzat Ezzatollah AbbasianDue to the importance of public budget in Iran, the aim of this research is to develop a model for intellectual perception of those who are involved in budget preparation at Iranian universities. For this purpose, using Grounded Theory Method and deep and unstructured i MoreDue to the importance of public budget in Iran, the aim of this research is to develop a model for intellectual perception of those who are involved in budget preparation at Iranian universities. For this purpose, using Grounded Theory Method and deep and unstructured interviews with the people who are directly involved in the budget preparation process at the sample Iranian universities, we established a paradigm model containing causal conditions, axial phenomenon, context, intervening conditions, action/interaction strategies, and the consequences. The research is done using MAXQDA software version 10 for open coding and Excel 2013 for axial and selective coding.After open, axial, and selective coding, it is extracted that the axial phenomenon in this research is "budgeting as a negotiation process". This axial phenomenon along with context and intervening conditions lead to some action or interaction strategies. Finally, the phenomenon of "slack in budget preparation" is appeared as the main consequence of this paradigm model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Investigating the Perception of Financial statements preparers of Acceptance and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
Shirzad Naderi Farzaneh Heidarpour Ramzanali Royaei Ghodratolah TalebniaMany countries today, with regard to the benefits of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), tend to accept and implementation it or have harmonized their national standards with it, and on the other hand, the assessment of the fundamental changes in account MoreMany countries today, with regard to the benefits of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), tend to accept and implementation it or have harmonized their national standards with it, and on the other hand, the assessment of the fundamental changes in accounting and financial reporting systems, without considering the views of its stakeholders, can affect the probability of its successful. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to assess the perception of financial statements preparers (accountants) as one of the main stakeholders of the change in the financial reporting system and the implementation of IFRS. For this purpose, accountants' perception working in subject and non-subject companies use of IFRS, In accordance with the requirements of the Tehran Stock Exchange was assessed by considering four factors individual, technical, situational and change processes through a questionnaire distributed among accountants. The results of the questionnaires were analyzed using structural equation method (PLS). The findings of the research show that accountants 'perception is influenced by the above four factors, but the effect of these factors on auditors' perceptions differs from the implement of IFRS in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigating the effect of psychological characteristics, self- deception and professional skepticism on ethical perception in choosing the methods of earning management
Sharifeh Alimi Mansour GarkeazThe present study examines the effects of two psychological, Self-deception and professional skepticism on the ethical evaluation of individuals about various methods of earning management. This research is an applied and descriptive survey. The data gathering tool was MoreThe present study examines the effects of two psychological, Self-deception and professional skepticism on the ethical evaluation of individuals about various methods of earning management. This research is an applied and descriptive survey. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire and the statistical population of the study was all financial officers and internal auditors working in Golestan University of Medical Sciences and the time of research was cross-sectional in the year 2018. For analysis of data, Pearson correlation and linear and multiple regression analysis and one way analysis of variance were used. The results of the research show that there is a negative and significant relationship between Self-deception and ethical perception of earnings management methods. Therefore, people who have a higher ability to self- deception and justify profligate management methods are less immoral. There is also a positive and significant relationship between professional skepticism and ethical perception of accounting methods. By increasing the amount of professional skepticism, people's perceptions of earnings management methods become more immoral. Also, the results of one-way ANOVA show that there is a significant difference between the viewpoint of women and men about the ethical perception of accounting management methods. Men have higher meanings in the moral perception of earnings management methods than women. This conclusion suggests that men consider abusive methods as more profitable than women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Analysis of Socio-Cultural Obstacles for Dissemination of Nanotechnology from Agricultural Experts Perspective in Iran
S.M. Mirdamadi -
Open Access Article
33 - Identification and comparison of citizens' climate perception in different temperature strata of Isfahan city
Mohsen Veisi Mozhgan Ahmadi NadoushanAbstract: Identification of citizens' climate perception is one of the key elements in formulating policies related to mitigating the heat island effect. This study also examines some influential aspects of climate perception and its relationship with individual ch MoreAbstract: Identification of citizens' climate perception is one of the key elements in formulating policies related to mitigating the heat island effect. This study also examines some influential aspects of climate perception and its relationship with individual characteristics in the city of Isfahan. For this purpose, the central core of Isfahan City was divided into four temperature zones ranging from 27 to 43 degrees Celsius. A random sample of 100 individuals was selected from each temperature zone, and their personal information, along with their perception of temperature increase, disruption in life, location-dependent temperature differences, and voluntary willingness to change behavior, were collected. The results showed that as the temperature increased in each temperature zone, citizens' views on the increased difficulty of life and efforts to adapt to higher temperatures were more pronounced. They indicated that the air temperature inside Isfahan City is relatively higher than in the surrounding rural areas. Regarding the perception of the urban heat island, a significant correlation was found between the intensity of the heat island and age, and educational level. The temperature increase elicited similar responses among all interviewees in all parts of the city, and the existence of an urban heat island has led to various disturbances (in terms of intensity) in the lives of different individuals residing in different temperature zones. Overall, attention can be focused on individuals in younger age groups and those with higher education as target groups for improving their climatic conditions and maximizing citizen participation as a benchmark. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Investigating the cultural factors affecting on risk perception of investors in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)
احمد ناطق گلستان فریدون رهنمای رودپشتی احمد یعقوب نژادIntroduction: Risk & return are two critical factors in decision making of investors that according to existing research total risk from one perspective consist of two factors these are subjective & objective risk that leads to investors decision making.Di MoreIntroduction: Risk & return are two critical factors in decision making of investors that according to existing research total risk from one perspective consist of two factors these are subjective & objective risk that leads to investors decision making.Different factors affect risk perception of investors that one more important is cultural variety. Evaluating the cultural factors in the area of financial management on the risk perception of investors is very important, because different behaviors and decisions are required in different cultures facing the prices, price fluctuations and important or non-important published news of portfolio. Method: In this paper, a questionnaire was designed including 22 cultural items in three criteria of values, facilities and behavior in order to measure the cultural factors affecting risk perception in Tehran stock exchange. Experts’ comments were used on the design of items and quintet Likert spectrum was applied for the answers. Structural equation modeling, or multivariable analysis with latent variables, is a comprehensive statistical approach for testing the hypotheses about relationships between observed and latent variables. Such analyzes have been done by LISREL software Findings: Results indicate that the three components of the "values", "Infrastructure" and "behavior", respectively, with values of 0.86, 0.55 and 0.81,affect on investor risk perception in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, in the measurement model, it is observed that between values and Infrastructure with behavior respectively values of 0.47 and 0.7 and Between infrastructure and behavior, there is little correlation of 0.44. Conclusions: the results showed that there was a significant relationship between risk perception and its triple factors and also between the items and triple factors affecting on risk perception. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Sohrawardi and the Problem of Realism
سید عباس ذهبیIn arguing for realism and true knowledge, Sohrawardī's point of viewneither resembles his Muslim predecessors nor does it portray Platonicand Aristotelian impact on settling the notions. Unlike Platonists, hetends to ground knowledge in sensation, and in contrast to Ar MoreIn arguing for realism and true knowledge, Sohrawardī's point of viewneither resembles his Muslim predecessors nor does it portray Platonicand Aristotelian impact on settling the notions. Unlike Platonists, hetends to ground knowledge in sensation, and in contrast to Aristotelianshe regards knowledge as direct and immediate; therefore sensationshould be his departure point to construe realism. Having primarilyaddressed Muslim peripatetic so as to criticize their school's three mainpre-suppositions, he strives to put forward a novel theory by which onecan sketch realism within his system of thought. After exposing thisnegative and critical aspect of his viewpoint, this paper will proceedwith the analysis of his positive approach. The approach will beformulated into six pre-suppositions while adopting them ultimatelysheds light upon realism within Suhrawardī's thought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Analysis of the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens (Case study: Ardabil city)
ahmad aftab Ebrahim Alipourthe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through Morethe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through questionnaires in a sample size of 50 directors, assistants and technicians working in the field of architecture, urban planning and beautification of Ardabil Town Hall and Ardabil faculty. And analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS statistical software has been The results show that the visual appearance and comfort of the city and there is a positive relationship. The results of multiple regression analysis, we can conclude that the visual appearance of indicators greater impact on peace with 0.533 to 0.128 citizens and the least impact on the orientation of the city is. What citizens expect from Ardabil supplying the visual appearance of peace, security, and help prevent Vandalism in orientation and ongoing reforms in the city of Ardabil, urban landscape identity to the place of religious, cultural and tourism to be tailored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Assessing the Visual-Spatial Quality of the Urban Landscape over Time (Case Study: Region 8, District 1 of Tehran)
katayoon Teymoorian seyed mohsen mirIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape is the totality of the mind, the interaction between man and the environment, and the mental image remains in the human mind. Urban landscape is a phenomenon that is revealed only through human experience in the interact MoreIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape is the totality of the mind, the interaction between man and the environment, and the mental image remains in the human mind. Urban landscape is a phenomenon that is revealed only through human experience in the interaction between man and the environment. Due to the importance of urban landscape, the purpose of this article is to analyze the visual-spatial quality of urban landscape over time in District 8 of Tehran. Method: This research is a content analysis that has been done by exploratory method. The data used by the municipality of the study area have been provided. In order to achieve the research indicators, first the spatial analysis indicators and then the visual quality indicators for District 8 of District 1 of Tehran have been studied. Indicators are recorded based on the assessment of the perceptual approach based on the observer's view (scenes and places) with the camera (on routes in the study area). Results: According to the obtained results, it can be noted that in each of the factors studied in the study area, one of the criteria in the form of the concept of time dimension, is more prominent. So that sometimes man-made factors dominate the environment more, and sometimes the natural factors of the environment with the presence of man-made factors have a more prominent presence in the environment. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the present study, the studied paths in visual quality, path number 2 is more important, which requires planning and codified design to be able to revive the identifying elements of the area. Depending on the spatial characteristics of the study area, consecutive and related views lead to the creation of many three-dimensional values. These consecutive views, by moving from one direction to another, create a strong emphasis and impression on the observer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - A Study on Cognitive Maps about Space Perception by the Elderlies (Case study: Kahrizak Nursing Home)
Farnaz Cheraghifar Hossein Soltanzadeh Hadi GhoddusifarIntroduction and purpose of the research: This article aimed to identify the cognitive aspects of the elderly residents of Kehrizak nursing home in Tehran in order to obtain basic data and cognitive elements of the elderly using cognitive maps, and in order to identify MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: This article aimed to identify the cognitive aspects of the elderly residents of Kehrizak nursing home in Tehran in order to obtain basic data and cognitive elements of the elderly using cognitive maps, and in order to identify the influencing indicators in the perception and recognition of space by the elderly and to identify the variables It is effective in the perception of space by using cognitive maps. Method: In terms of nature, the current research is a descriptive and correlational research method, and it was conducted as a case study. The library-document method was used to collect information, the field and observation method was used to measure the current situation, and the interview tool and cognitive mapping technique were used to collect the research data. Findings: The findings of the research show that the average perceived cognitive elements of women's group is more than men's group and the type of drawing cognitive map of spatial elements is more in women's group than in men's group. Increasing the length of stay did not affect the number of elements perceived in the cognitive maps; The length of stay was positively related to the type of cognitive map of successive elements. With the increase of the duration of stay, the cognitive map of the type of sequential elements increased. Conclusion: The majority of known spaces in cognitive maps represent a place for people's memories. Creating memorable spaces affects residents' knowledge of the living environment. It is better to improve cognitive spaces before reducing the cognitive abilities of the elderly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Interpretation of components affecting the intertwining of place in semi-open architectural space
Negar Moghadasian Niaki Shabnam Akbari Namdar Mohammad Mansour FalamakiIntroduction & Objectives: Place as opposed to the "outside" environment as an "inside" needs a clear boundary or definition to define itself, which must connect the inner world to the outside world with openings and create a transitional area that indicates the deg MoreIntroduction & Objectives: Place as opposed to the "outside" environment as an "inside" needs a clear boundary or definition to define itself, which must connect the inner world to the outside world with openings and create a transitional area that indicates the degree of continuity in Existential space. This study tries to investigate the components affecting the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the residential body. Method: In the first part, the research method has been evaluated by examining the literature review in relation to the intertwining of place in semi-open architectural space and the components that lead to further reading of this semantic body. In the second part of the survey method and field studies; Used to prove research hypotheses. Research method in this study is a combined strategic type and the statistical population of architectural experts with a sample size of 215 people who have been selected by random classification sampling. Tests used in this study: Kruskal, Human-Whitney parametric test and correlation in SPSS21 software environment. Results: The semantic factor component and the physical factor component, by emphasizing the role of semi-open space as a mediator on the intertwining of inside and outside place in a residential space, can affect the continuity and continuity of architectural space. Conclusion: The results show that the components of sensory perception and components of spatial perception are effective in semantic reading in the intertwining of semi-open architectural space in the body of residential space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Investigating the role of sensory perceptions in the memory of urban squares using Merleau-Ponty ideas(Case study: Tajrish Square)
Darya Nosratpour mojtaba ansari hasanali pormandIntroduction and purpose of the research: Rapid changes of cities occur without regarding the environmental and cultural status and structures that interrupt integrated memories of city dwellers besides the ignorance of physical qualities. Urban spaces are the home to c MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: Rapid changes of cities occur without regarding the environmental and cultural status and structures that interrupt integrated memories of city dwellers besides the ignorance of physical qualities. Urban spaces are the home to communal life and social conversation or discourse in a context with components responding to the place qualities. This research is seeking to discover the quality of creating collective memory through city dwellers encounter with Tajrish square. research method: This essay has been chosen according to the qualitative, analytical and interpretive research approaches along with phenomenological ground of embodied sensory perceptions and from Merleau-Ponty’s point of view, and also open, axial and selective coding methods. In the current study, in-depth interviews and responses given from interviewees have been used in order to the exploration of memorable components of a place through embodied perceptions. Findings:The embodied sensory perception, which puts special importance on the perception of a place among conscious experiences and existential status of the human being in the world, can enhance lived experience of being in the world through the sensory perceptions and its transformation within conceptual processes, and eventually, end up with the memorable semantic experience of Tajrish square in a time-based process. The perusal that seeks to qualitative perception resulted from the human existence in space, sensory and embodied perceptions, human’s experience in space, imaginations and fantasies, preconceptions and pre-assumptions, and the creation of a semantic environment with the help of human’s conceptual information. Conclusion:The results show that the memorability of Tajrish square follows the interaction between the plaza and the conceptual, physical and socio-cultural indications of city dwellers. This extends by pre-reflective perceptions and so embodied consciousness occurs. Tajrish as a memorable urban plaza shows off its ability for the representation and readability of physical and identity attributes and functional roles and provides the possibility of rhetoric and memorability of a space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Effectiveness of Environment Quality of Schools on Students' Academic Self-Concept
Parisa Khayam Nekoui bahram shahedi Kazem yazdiIntroduction and purpose of the research: Since the school environment is the environment for the acquisition of knowledge and all-round development of people, the quality of the school environment affects the positive and negative experience of the students from the sc MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: Since the school environment is the environment for the acquisition of knowledge and all-round development of people, the quality of the school environment affects the positive and negative experience of the students from the school.After that, the students' perception of the school environment becomes the basis for the development of their academic self-concept and increases their trust and confidence in their abilities.Therefore, the aim of the present study is to explain the effect of improving the quality and environmental perception of the school environment on the academic self-concept of students from a phenomenological point of view. Research method: The current research is qualitative (exploratory) with a descriptive phenomenological approach.The method of data collection was using available authentic documentary sources and semi-structured interviews with students of selected schools in Isfahan city, and the collected information was presented based on the Claysey analysis method in Atlas TI software (8). Findings: The presence of suitable facilities in the school will increase the subjective and objective indicators of the environment, the academic attitude of the students also has a positive effect, and in fact these things have an effect on the individual as environmental stimuli in the school environment. Conclusion: The results of the research indicate that by considering the indicators of the objective and subjective quality of the environment and improving the physical environment of the school based on its spatial qualities, it is effective on the individual's environmental perception, it can be related to the students' feelings towards the school environment and their judgment. It created a positive effect on itself, which will ultimately improve the academic self-concept of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Development of a Structural Model of Conservation Agricultural Technology among Wheat Producers in Ilam Province Based on Variables of Social Capital and Social Perception
Faranak Sahrai Ahmad Rezvanfar Amir AlambaigiPresent study aimed to develop a structural model of conservation technology among wheat farmers in Ilam province based on social capital and social perception. The statistical population of the study was 3250 wheat farmers. Based on Daniel FPC's (1999) formula, and by MorePresent study aimed to develop a structural model of conservation technology among wheat farmers in Ilam province based on social capital and social perception. The statistical population of the study was 3250 wheat farmers. Based on Daniel FPC's (1999) formula, and by stratified sampling ttechnique, 270 of them were selected and the data was collected from them. For reliability, combination reliability was used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed in three ways: formal, structural and diagnostic. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS21 and smart PLS software. Structural equation model showed that three factors of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control have a strong effect on the intention that the basic theory of behavior is confirmed. Also, social capital variable have as a one dimansion of social components direct and significant effect on the intention to adopt conservation agricultural technologies, Social impression does not have a significant effect on the moderation of the relationship between intention and behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Life and the Mystical Thoughts of St. Bonaventure
Hamid MahmoudianSt. Bonaventure is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished andeffective figures in Christian mysticism. As the second founder ofFranciscan order, he gives an account of St. Francis' biography andworks; beside that, he deals with the Christian mysticism in his works.Al MoreSt. Bonaventure is undoubtedly one of the most distinguished andeffective figures in Christian mysticism. As the second founder ofFranciscan order, he gives an account of St. Francis' biography andworks; beside that, he deals with the Christian mysticism in his works.Although his place among the Franciscans is similar to the place ofThomas Aquinas among the Dominicans, the account of his life is notas clear as Aquinas' biography. However, his works could help us tounderstand his character and thought. For example, his book entitledThe Journey of the Mind to God (1259 C. E.) is one of the mostimportant works on Christian mysticism. This article tries to survey hisbiography and his works as well as his ideology and his mystical pointof view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Analyzing Attitudes of Local People towards Socio-Economic Impacts of Land Use Change in Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve
Vahid Amini Parsa Ahmadreza Yavari Athare NejadiBackground and Objective: Understanding attitudes of local people on protected areas, especially land use management is necessary for maintaining, managing and achieving sustainable development in these areas. Considering local resident's attitudes can promote protected MoreBackground and Objective: Understanding attitudes of local people on protected areas, especially land use management is necessary for maintaining, managing and achieving sustainable development in these areas. Considering local resident's attitudes can promote protected areas management and help to recognize the problems and potential solutions. So in this research the attitudes and perceptions of people of Arsabaran Biosphere Reserve's about socio-economic impacts of land sue changes were analyzed. Method: 367 questionnaires consist of 24 questions distributed using stratified random method and full field by interviewing with local residents of the zones within the Arasbaran Biosphere Reserve (including the core, buffer and transitional zones). Validity and reliability of research was determined. Findings: Analysis show that the people consider scales and so socio-economic impacts of land sue changes in the local and regional scales is more important. Discussion and Conclusion: Local residents understand the necessity of maintaining land uses, but preferring the socio-economic issues and their livelihoods. People showed obviously the rational choice on their answers, and based on their current and future needs introduced future useful land uses. Using local residents' attitudes may help the managers to find out their needs as direct driving force of land use changes within the area and leads them to design win-win plans though land use management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Evaluating the relationship between psychological components and thermal comfort of users in urban open spaces. (Case study: Karun river bank in Ahvaz)
Katayoun Afshoun mohsen taban mostafa masoudinejad reza jalilzadeh-yengejehBackground and Objective: Urban open spaces are areas where collective life takes place. In order to attract more citizens to these spaces, especially in tropical climates, the study of thermal comfort conditions is considered. Since heat sensation and perception vary f MoreBackground and Objective: Urban open spaces are areas where collective life takes place. In order to attract more citizens to these spaces, especially in tropical climates, the study of thermal comfort conditions is considered. Since heat sensation and perception vary from person to person outdoors, a quantitative approach to dealing with thermal comfort alone is not enough; Rather, it is important to pay attention to the psychological components of individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological components in individuals and the category of thermal comfort. Material and Methodology: The present study was conducted by a combined method including descriptive method to explain the components of thermal and psychological comfort and survey method to determine the correlation between research variables. After conducting field surveys by a questionnaire by random method (using Cochran method) and measuring devices of climatic indicators, the weather conditions of different parts of the route On the 11th and 12th of Bahman 1398 (7 am to 1 am), measured and with the help of the Global Climate Index (UTCI) in the Karun River It is analyzed in Ahvaz. Findings: Evaluation and analysis of the extracted data show the effect of psychological components on the thermal response of individuals in different conditions. In fact, the mood of people in open spaces affects their thermal evaluation of the environment. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the research findings, the mental and psychological states of people in different conditions can have different and even unexpected thermal response both in the range of thermal comfort and outside it. Finally, solutions can be provided to better design urban spaces, to attract more audiences and arouse their sense of satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Modeling of villagers' behavior in the face of drought risk in Lake Urmia (Case study: villages in Bonab County)
Alireza Soleimani Majid Parishan Ali Majnouni- ToutakhaneBackground and Objective: Perception of risk leads to the regulation of practical behaviors to deal with it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experimental behaviors of villagers in Bonab city to understand the risk of drought in Lake Urmia. For this purpose, MoreBackground and Objective: Perception of risk leads to the regulation of practical behaviors to deal with it. The purpose of this study is to analyze the experimental behaviors of villagers in Bonab city to understand the risk of drought in Lake Urmia. For this purpose, a combination of individual and social approaches was used. Material and Methodology: The present study is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study is residents over 15 years old in 29 villages of Bonab city, which is equal to 23653 people. Using Cochran's method and simple random method, 380 people were selected as the sample size. The tool used in this research is a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate regression tests, and path analysis. Findings: The results of path analysis on the dependent variable showed that drought-tolerant crop, knowledge and skills, income, age, length of stay, participation in training programs, and modernization of irrigation canals have a direct effect on practical behaviors to reduce drought risk. Also, the results of path analysis on the dependent variable of intention to perform risk reduction behaviors in the future, showed that the variables of cultivation of drought-tolerant crops, self-efficacy, age, level of education, trust, previous experience, and responsibility have a positive effect and optimistic bias variables, income, and age. The risk perception variable had a negative effect. Indirect effects through the two variables of believes and income also affect the variable of intention to reduce the risk of drought. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the research results, the perception of drought risk by the villagers, this understanding has not yet changed the behavior of the rural community in practice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Application of Social Perception Variables in Urban Rivers Regeneration (Case Study: Shiraz Khoshk River)
Ali Asadpour Farhang Mozaffar Mohsen Faizi Mostafa BehzadfarBackground and Objective: By definition, the urban landscape is a natural structure in an urban setting and research in social perception about studying the intangible norms that the landscape, as a medium, represented and transmitted throough the society. In this sense MoreBackground and Objective: By definition, the urban landscape is a natural structure in an urban setting and research in social perception about studying the intangible norms that the landscape, as a medium, represented and transmitted throough the society. In this sense, in contrast to landscape restoration which has an ecological approach, social perception has fewer contributions to regeneration of urban streams. Shiraz Khoshk River is one of the natural and historical edges of city that has become a symbol of the city and one of its natural identities for lack of sufficient water, presence of physical interventions and valuable religious monuments in its path across the city. This paper aims to find out the social perceptions of Khoshk River in order to establish a practical framework for landscape regeneration of the urban streams. Hence, categorizing the citizens’ perceptions is inevitable and this could be defined as one of the research objectives. Method: This study relies on integrated strategies as a research method; we applied a complex description with a social survey within the case study using an exploratory content analysis approach. Besides, during assessing the social perception of residence, totally 32 person were chosen randomly through semi-structured interviews. Social perception variables obtained from literature review and categorized in two main groupes: landscape to society variables (six variables), and society to landscape variables (four variables). These variables were evaluated in a field survey (interviews and photography). Results: Results showed that the upper part of the river has higher potential for social perception than the middle and lower part. Furthermore, according to the survey, the social perception consists of some variables which could be categorized in three groups: “natural environment variables”, “functional and activity variables” and “emotional variables” appeared in the responses in priority order. Conclusion: In the social opinions, the noticeable elements of the river were in order of “natural elements”, “arterial and manmade elements” and at least “functional-activity elements”. It means that the relations between landscape and people are mostly a one-way direction than a two-way correlation. In another word, society to landscape variables is less considered than landscape to society variables. At the end, the principle of urban natural stream regeneration based on the case study and social perception of the landscape was modeled and proposed as “cultural, symbolic and identical strategies”, “recreational strategies” and “social and legal sensitivity strategies”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Impact of Real Earning Management on Investors' Asymmetric Perceptions in the Capital Market: Examination of the moderating role of Excess Stock Price Volatility
Leila Zamanianfar Bahman Banimahd zahra dianati dalamiInvestors' perceptions in the capital market will not only influence individual decision-making and the allocation of monetary resources to the investment on corporate stocks, but also affect the total capital market. Investors' asymmetric perceptions are not usually in MoreInvestors' perceptions in the capital market will not only influence individual decision-making and the allocation of monetary resources to the investment on corporate stocks, but also affect the total capital market. Investors' asymmetric perceptions are not usually influenced by one measure because of the extent of the expansion, but in a general segmentation it can be attributed to macroeconomic dimensions and industry-level criteria. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of real earning management on the investors' asymmetric perceptions in the capital market with regard to the moderating role of Excess Stock Price Volatility. In this study, 102 companies in Tehran stock exchange that were selected through systematic elimination sampling were evaluated in the period of 2015 -2019. Logistic regression was used because of the biased measurement of the dependent variable of this study, namely investors' asymmetric perceptions.The results showed that real earnings management has a significant positive effect on investors' asymmetric perceptions. It was also found that Excess Stock Price Volatility intensifies the positive impact of real earnings management on investors' asymmetric perceptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The Impact of Investor’s Perception of Risk on Portfolio Management (Case Study: Active Investor’s Mashhad Stock brokers)
Ahmad Nategh Golestan Elahe Damghani Ahmad SabahiInvestor’s decision making is a subject of considerable debates in behavioral finance. Behavioral finance refers to how people make decisions under uncertainty conditions. This paper is devoted to The impact of investor’s Perception of Risk on Portfolio Mana MoreInvestor’s decision making is a subject of considerable debates in behavioral finance. Behavioral finance refers to how people make decisions under uncertainty conditions. This paper is devoted to The impact of investor’s Perception of Risk on Portfolio Management. It is an applied study of descriptive-surveying type used to gather the required data through questionnaires. A simple sampling was used and the final sample included 104 investors. Investors were questioned about 24 possibly influencing factors of investor’s reception of risk and 21 influencing factors Portfolio Management in the form of a Likert Scale. The data from questionnaires with SPSS and Smart PLS software using structural equation modeling (path analysis) were analyzed. Results of the study indicated that risk perceived risk factors directly and affecting the perceived risk indirectly is effective on the portfolio management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Dynamics of Investors’ Financial Literacy, Risk Perceptions and Emotions: Evidence from the Tehran Stock Exchange
Abolhassan Jalilvand Mojtaba Rostami NoroozabadFinancial literacy is believed to play an important role in understanding investors’ behavior both in advanced and emerging stock markets. While previous studies have shown a positive association between improved financial literacy levels and the quality and MoreFinancial literacy is believed to play an important role in understanding investors’ behavior both in advanced and emerging stock markets. While previous studies have shown a positive association between improved financial literacy levels and the quality and performance of investors’ decisions, the dynamics of this process has not been adequately examined. This study develops an empirical model explaining the decision-making process that integrates the impact of investors’ financial literacy, emotions, and risk perceptions on investment decisions focusing on the financial markets of the Islamic Republic of Iran, mainly represented by the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). In particular, a three-dimensional process is used to provide a more robust measure of financial literacy represented by financial attitude, financial behavior and financial knowledge covering both basic and advanced financial knowledge levels. Using a large data set on investment behavior at the TSE in 2016, we find, unlike previous studies, no evidence on the impact of financial literacy on investors’ risk perception in Iran. On the other hand, financial literacy, risk perception and emotions collectively and significantly affect investors’ decisions at the TSE. We further find some evidence of gender specific effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The relationship between decision-making Models and investors’ expectations of risk and return invest in financial tools: The Markuitz model Approach
Ali Bayat Behjat AbcharThe pattern habitual suggests people are Cognitive styles that they are used in decision-making. All investment decisions are made based on the relationship between risk and return. This study examined the relationship between cognitive styles and decision-making and ri MoreThe pattern habitual suggests people are Cognitive styles that they are used in decision-making. All investment decisions are made based on the relationship between risk and return. This study examined the relationship between cognitive styles and decision-making and risk and return expectations of investors investing in financial instruments. The statistical Sample Professional and non- professional analyst’s, the population in 2013 is an infinite number of them being estimated. It is estimated that their number is unlimited. Research, descriptive - is inductive. Methodology is Application to the target. Quasi- Laboratory procedure and the method of hypothesis testing is. This is a community of 150 people who are stratified random. The results show that: the profession -oriented investors and risk perception and risk propensity, there is a positive relationship. Between expected return and risk perception, there is a positive relationship. Perception of risk among styles with high cognitive complexity (analytical and conceptual) more styles with low cognitive complexity (guidance and behavior) is. Risk propensity the styles with high cognitive complexity (analytical and conceptual) more styles with low cognitive complexity (guidance and behavior) is. Risk propensity the hemisphere left brain, right brain dominant hemisphere is more dominant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Investigation of risk perception mental model of investors of Tehran Stock Exchange
Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Ahmad Nategh Golestan Ahmad YaghoobnezhadEmotions, moods of investors and other factors affect the perception and therefore affect the investment decisions. Investors risk perception defines as subjective judgment of risk that might be estimated by investors more or less than the actual risk assessment. This m MoreEmotions, moods of investors and other factors affect the perception and therefore affect the investment decisions. Investors risk perception defines as subjective judgment of risk that might be estimated by investors more or less than the actual risk assessment. This mental or perceived risk influence of numerous non-economic factors and ever more of these factors have a strong presence, perceived risk, would greater distance from the real risk. In this study examine perceived risk and risk perception according to the paradigm of pragmatism on micro levels. At the micro level (investors) that have been done in two ways, induction and deduction, through interview and library studies on investors risk perception , factors were identified five categories those are: 1 – time factors 2 – demographic factors, 3 - behavioral factors, 4 - cultural factors and 5 - personality factors. After designing the questionnaire, reliability and validity of it were assessed then was completed by the capital market experts and at the end after analysis of structural model equations(SME) with Amos 16 software determined except for demographic factors, other factors influenced the risk perception at 95% confidence level. And finally the mental risk perception model based on perception formation process was presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - A Comparative Study about the Relationship between Man and Architecture from the Aesthetic Perspective in Classical, Modern and Post-modern Periods
Somayeh MoosavianBackground and Objective: The inseparable connection of man and architecture over different periods, either in the form of drawing a relative resemblance or analogy between the structure of the human body and architecture has always been considerable due to either aesth MoreBackground and Objective: The inseparable connection of man and architecture over different periods, either in the form of drawing a relative resemblance or analogy between the structure of the human body and architecture has always been considerable due to either aesthetic reasons or symbolic reasons. The author's attempt is to investigate the type of human-architectural relationship in classical, modern and postmodern periods based on similarities and differences. The aim pursued in this research is a comparative study of this relationship in the aforementioned periods, in order to achieve the cognitive relation between human and architecture from the perspective of the aesthetics. The main question is how western architecture has dealt with human as an aesthetic subject during different periods?Material and Methodology: This research is descriptive-analytical qualitative type, and in order to understand the place of man in the architectural aesthetics of different periods, it takes an interpretive point of view by using thematic literature, in a comparative method.Findings: The findings show that the general principles of aesthetics taken from the human body in classical architecture gradually became a complex process in subsequent periods.Discussion and Conclusion: It means, in the classical architecture, the implicit (metaphorical) and symbolic meaning of the aesthetics which was influenced by the human body. These concepts gradually faded to the onset of the modern period. The relationship between architecture and man from an aesthetic point of view in the classical period with an emphasis on its symbolic dimension, and in the modern period, emphasizing its pragmatic dimension, was a purely anatomical approach through mathematical logic. While this approach was transformed by the emergence of postmodernism into perceptional approach; hence, in postmodernism, emphasis is placed on human presence in architecture and cognizance through it, so this two-sided relationship of the body/architecture has come to the subject of "aesthetics experience" through physical perception in post-modernism architecture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Recognition and Analysis of Theoretical Models of Environmental Psychology with Emphasis on the Role of Human Experience in Perception of the Environment Aesthetics
Somayeh MoosavianBackground and Aim: The physical environment causes man to reveal complicated reactions in the form of feelings, feedback, value, interests and desires. These reactions specifically form the human’s cognitive and perceptual process of the environment in the form o MoreBackground and Aim: The physical environment causes man to reveal complicated reactions in the form of feelings, feedback, value, interests and desires. These reactions specifically form the human’s cognitive and perceptual process of the environment in the form of aesthetics values such as feeling of environmental desirability. The concept of environmental aesthetics is a complex one and has been widely discussed in different theoretical and empirical studies; however, the effects of environmental stimuli and characteristics on the human’s desirable experience of the environment still looks a vague subject. Thus, in the view of the various levels of experiential perception of the space and resulting feeling of desirability, it is imperative to perform various accurate analyses of environmental psychology, as this will help recognize theoretical components to improve the quality of the environment. Accordingly, the following questions are raised: Which characteristics in theoretical models of environmental psychology do form perception of the environmental aesthetics through experience? Which components do constitute the main elements of experiencing the environmental aesthetics? Methods: The present research has a qualitative approach and uses descriptive-analytical method to review the main models to recognize the key approaches related with the concept of experiential aesthetics so that their underlying mechanisms are determined. In this connection, the process and relationship between the variables of the theoretical models is examined via content analysis.Discussion and Conclusion: Results indicated that three main components can be regarded as the structural dimensions of aesthetics dimensions through experience: 1. Continuous action consciousness through interaction with and attention to the environment; 2. Sensory-motor consciousness by arousal and emotions, and 3. Structural consciousness through participation in the environment and environmental behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - A Comparative Study of Perception in novel of Joyce's "Dublinians" and Sadegh Hedayat's "Zendeh Begour"
Mohammad Karimi Nasser MalekiThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understandin MoreThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understanding and expectation of what is, and he is no longer the audience before reading the text. One of the writing methods of James Joyce (1882-1941) and Sadegh Hedayat (1902-1951) is to use the elements of the theory of perception. They have been able to engage readers well with the text. The main purpose of this article is to find examples of elements of perception theory (open space, open end, unexpected end, uncertain chains, reference to parts of another text, writing based on cultural context and question design) that has been conducted using descriptive-analytical method and library research method. The authors of the article intend to investigate and explain methods of Hedayat and Joyce's use of the theory of perception by providing examples from the stories of the book "Dublinians" and the collection of stories "Zandeh Begour". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Comparative Study of some Muslim Authors' Attitude and Method on Islamic Culture and Civilization
Samad Momeni Jamshid Baqer Zadeh Pouriya EsmaeiliMuslim authors have studied and researched about Islamic culture and civilization by various mind streams and viewpoints and based on their mindset and eras. The present paper intends to describe and analyze different aspects of the mentioned subject in historical resea MoreMuslim authors have studied and researched about Islamic culture and civilization by various mind streams and viewpoints and based on their mindset and eras. The present paper intends to describe and analyze different aspects of the mentioned subject in historical research based on description and analysis. The main findings of the research show that Muslim scholars and authors have studied different aspects of culture and civilization by philosophical and canonical attitudes in order to initially show their vital and important role and keeping ancestors' heritages and finally encourage posterities to safeguard the heritage. On the other hand, some authors proposed to advance the leaders' knowledge to support scientists of different sciences and integrate the educated generation by offering them necessary facilities and meet public's needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Heresy in the interpretations of Holy Quran
Raziyeh Ahmadpoor Seyyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini MirsafiThe scholarly and critical study of the backgrounds and causes of social, political, etc., interpretations and perceptions of Holy Quran has played vital role in recognizing the main and fundamental factors in the formation of different ideas, sects and groups in Islami MoreThe scholarly and critical study of the backgrounds and causes of social, political, etc., interpretations and perceptions of Holy Quran has played vital role in recognizing the main and fundamental factors in the formation of different ideas, sects and groups in Islamic society undoubtedly. Accordingly, the purpose of the present article is to study various political interpretations of the Verses of Holy Quran after the death of Holy Prophet. In this regard, while surveying the prior sources and references relying on historical documents, the necessary information was provided in different files and then the research materials were compiled and explained with descriptive – analytical method. In order to clarify the extremist political attitudes towards the verses and hadiths after the death of Prophet Mohammad which inflicted irreparable effects on the Islamic Ummah, the fields of emergence of different interpretive methods, the interpretation method of Qur'an to Qur'an and the method of narration were studied initially. Continuing with narrating and writing hadith method during Holy Prophet's era (PBUH) and the prohibition of narrating and writing hadith during the caliphate of Abu Bakr, Omar and Uthman were surveyed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Infallibility of Intuitive Insight from the View of Mullā Sadrā and 'Allāma Tabātabā'i
Ebrahim Arash Mohsen Fahim Mojtaba Jafari Alireza FahimThe purpose of the present study is to review the outlook of Mullā Sadrā and 'Allāma Tabātabā'i about infallibility of intuitive insight. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that in the theory of intuitive insight, Mullā Sadrā raises the t MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the outlook of Mullā Sadrā and 'Allāma Tabātabā'i about infallibility of intuitive insight. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that in the theory of intuitive insight, Mullā Sadrā raises the theory of perceptive faculty that is in accordance with his theory of substantial motion. Therefore, contrary to the theory of insight via abstraction, intuitive perception is inclined to rational insight. Mullā Sadrā has analyzed this subject by the critique of the theory of Intebā'āt (imprints) and Khorouj-e Sho'ā' (emission of ray). On the other hand, although 'Allāma Tabātabā'i confirms the theory of substantial motion and transformation of the knowledge by acquaintance to the knowledge by presence, in terms of intuitive insight, he believes in the theory of antecedence of basic confirmations and infallibility of intuitive perception. A consequence of this theory is the impact of imaginary perception on the comprehensibility of intuitive perception that is a sort of cause-and-effect relation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The Effect of Futurology in Religious Rules to Manage Society Based on the Theory of Constructional Perceptions
Seyyed Hatam Mahdavinoor Hossein Hajipour Isa MolaviThe purpose of the present study is to survey legislation model in Islamic religion and Sharī’at to manage society based on the theory of constructional perceptions by Allāmah Tabātabā’ī. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed tha MoreThe purpose of the present study is to survey legislation model in Islamic religion and Sharī’at to manage society based on the theory of constructional perceptions by Allāmah Tabātabā’ī. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results showed that in terms of a human’s changing needs, Islam instead of a fixed law, has raised some principles by which Islamic scholars can gain awareness about the possible future and choose the optimal religious future. Within the framework of these principles and in line with time and place conditions, they can legislate proper, guiding, and felicity laws and structures to make a favorable future. These laws may differ from one place and time to another. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Explaining socialization and audience attraction in the interior design process of exhibition booths by analyzing the components of place perception
Azad Behmanesh Mehdi Khakzand Hadiseh Kamran KasmaeiAs a part of public spaces, exhibition spaces bring people together in various space organizations voluntarily and to carry out social, cultural and economic activities, etc. How to use the knowledge of architecture in explaining the physical structure with the aim of c MoreAs a part of public spaces, exhibition spaces bring people together in various space organizations voluntarily and to carry out social, cultural and economic activities, etc. How to use the knowledge of architecture in explaining the physical structure with the aim of creating social interactions and showing sociability is one of the important and common issues in the interdisciplinary field of sociology, environmental psychology and behavioral sciences, which is related to space planning. This research aims to analyze the role of interior architecture and the perception of the exhibition space on the way of sociability and finally to provide an optimal model. The analysis of the physical environment of the exhibition booths as a collective-behavioral place constitutes a collective-spatial system whose main factors have been studied with qualitative and quantitative methods to explain the results. After sifting the influential factors of text content analysis by Delphi survey, a quantitative evaluation was done according to the interactive movement of the user in the space by simulation and calculations with Mic Mac software, and the results were evaluated in the Scenario Wizard for the optimal scenario, and the important ones are emphasized On the physical and visual factors, the factors: shape, dimensions, color, light, movement, readability and permeability: express the regular shapes in the general form of the booths with an emphasis on artificial lighting, dimensions on an internal scale with an average of 60 to 100 square meters, corridors in the form Checkered at least 8 meters wide with soft light. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Impact of Self-Sufficiency and Professional Skepticism on Moral Perception
mahdi filsaraeiThe characteristic of the auditor's doubt acts as a mental question on the part of the auditor on his judgment and decision-making, and the auditors must examine the evidence with professional doubt in order to provide a better judgment. I This feeling of self-sufficien MoreThe characteristic of the auditor's doubt acts as a mental question on the part of the auditor on his judgment and decision-making, and the auditors must examine the evidence with professional doubt in order to provide a better judgment. I This feeling of self-sufficiency is a generative ability by which a person invents methods to transform personal abilities into fruitful performance and considering that people's personal perceptions of moral issues have an effect on their moral perception to the extent that if a person perceives moral issues If he does not make a correct diagnosis, he cannot use the decision-making program based on ethics and instead uses other criteria such as economic rationality, etc. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to investigate the effect of self-sufficiency and professional doubt on moral perception. In this regard, the current research is one of the applied researches in terms of its purpose, according to the research objectives. Based on the collected information, the certified accountants who are members of the IACPA are limited to 2969 people. Based on this formula, the number of 340 sample people has been estimated, and finally, the results obtained from the hypothesis test using the partial least squares method and SmartPLS software show that self-sufficiency has an effect on the ethical perception of accountants, and self-sufficiency also affects doubt. Professionalism has been effective and ultimately professional skepticism affects the ethical perception of accountants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Moderating Effect of Organizational Commitment on the Relationship between Employees' Perceptions of Workplace Spirituality and Spiritual Intelligence in Isfahan Steel Company
maryam yazdani Akbar Etebarian Mehdi AbzariThe purpose of this research was to study the moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence. This practical research is a field survey and its nature is descriptiv MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence. This practical research is a field survey and its nature is descriptive and correlative. The statistical population of this research is formal suort staff in expertise position and higher of the Isfahan steel factory in 2012 which are reported to be 500 persons. The number of samples was counted 217 persons using the table, and sampling was done randomly. The Rego & Cunha questionnaire was used to collect information for workplace spirituality, King questionnaire was used for spiritual intelligence and Allen &Meyer questionnaire was used for organizational commitment . The reliabilities of 3 questionnaires were calculated To be 0.92,0.94, 0.87. For data analysis, inferential statistics methods (pearson correlation, hierarchical multiple regression ) were used. The results of this research showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence (P < 0.01) Also The moderating effect of organizational commitment on the relationship between employees' perceptions of workplace spirituality and spiritual intelligence was confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - To Investigate the Relationship Between MotherParenting Styles and Their Children's Perception
محمد پورعبدلی پروین کدیور علیرضا همایونیThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mother's attitudes towards children practices whith child perception of those styles, locus of control and self-concept. The sample consisted of thired grade males in the junior high school stude MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between mother's attitudes towards children practices whith child perception of those styles, locus of control and self-concept. The sample consisted of thired grade males in the junior high school students and their literate were selected from five educational districts in Tehran who completed the parental Authority Questionnaire, Parenting Style Survey, Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale and Tennessee Self-concept Test. The data were analyzed using correlational and one-way-analysis of variance. The results of the study are so follow: The relationship between nother's attitude toward childrearing practice and child's perception of those styles was not statistically significant. The relationship between mother's attitude toward childrearing practice, child locus of control and self-concept were not significant, but the relationship between child's perception of their mother's parenting style, child's locus of control and self-concept were statistically significant. The relationship between locus of control and self-concept was also statistically significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Structural Impact of Attachment Styles on Perceived Competency Mediated by Dignity in Fourth, Fifth, and Sixth Grade Elementary Students
parisa khojasteh jalal Davood Manavipour Mojtaba Sedaghati FardThe aim of this study was the structural effect of attachment styles on perceived competency mediated by self-esteem in fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary students. This study was a descriptive-analytical correlational study. The statistical population included al MoreThe aim of this study was the structural effect of attachment styles on perceived competency mediated by self-esteem in fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary students. This study was a descriptive-analytical correlational study. The statistical population included all students of the second year of elementary school (fourth, fifth and sixth) in the city of Quds in 2019-2020. The sample consisted of 400 fourth, fifth and sixth grade elementary students 200 girls and 200 boys) who were selected by simple random sampling and completed The Harter Children's Self-Perception Profile, Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Questionnaire, and The Kinship Center Attachment Questionnaire. Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling were used using SPSS version 24 and LiserL 8 software. The results showed that attachment styles predict competency perception, directly and through self-esteem. The results of this study showed that planners and counselors to pay attention to the important and fundamental role of self-esteem and attachment styles to increase competence perception in students and to promote them by holding workshops. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The effect of academic buoyancy and academic self-handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students mediating by adolescent perception of parenting educational methods
soheila sabzichy zabih pirani Firoozeh ZangenehThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical population included students of Arak city who were studying mathematics, experimental and humanities in the Second Period public high schools and were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The number of sample people was considered as 719 students, considering the probability of failure in completing the questionnaires. Data collection tools included Academic Boyancy Questionnaire (Dehghanizadeh & Hossein Chari), Academic Self- handicapping (ASHS) ( Schwinger & Stiensmeier-Pelster), Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction (MSLSS) (Huebner) and Adolescent Perception of Parenting Educational Methods (POPS)( Robbins). The obtained data were analyzed by the structural equation model of latent variable type. In order to verify the model's fit, the values of the ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom, (RMSEA), (CFI), (NFI), (TLI), (IFI) and Cronbach's alpha were reported that indicate appropriate model reliability. Findings showed that buoyancy and academic self- handicapping have a direct and significant effect on life satisfaction and adolescent perception of parenting educational methods. The direct effect of the mediating variable on life satisfaction was also confirmed. By doing this research, by observing educational problems or lack of mental health and identifying the factors affecting it in students, appropriate programs can be implemented to increase life satisfaction in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - prediction of marital adjustment based on the marital gratitude and humility perception among married women of Ahvaz city
Sayed Sajad Mohammadi Shykhshabani Abbas Amanelahi khadijeh ShiraliniaThe aim of this study was to predict marital adjustment based on the marital gratitude component (felt gratitude and express gratitude) and humility perceptions component (global humility, superiority and accurate view of self) among married women in Ahvaz city. T MoreThe aim of this study was to predict marital adjustment based on the marital gratitude component (felt gratitude and express gratitude) and humility perceptions component (global humility, superiority and accurate view of self) among married women in Ahvaz city. The present research method was correlational and predictive. The statistical population of this study was ordinary married women and divorce applicants in Ahvaz in 1396. Among ordinary women, 100 were selected by available sampling method and 100 divorced women were selected by purposive sampling method. The instruments for data gathering included Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Spanier, 1976), gratitude state (Mitchell, 2010) and relational humility scale (Davis, et al…, 2011). For the analysis of the data, discriminant analysis method was used. Results showed that felt gratitude, superiority, felt gratitude, express gratitude, global humility, superiority and accurate view of self were significant prediction for marital adjustment of married women. ( p< 0/001). Accordin to this finding felt gratitude, superiority, felt gratitude, express gratitude, global humility, superiority and accurate view of self has an important role in marital adjustment. ( p< 0/001) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Teachers’ Practices and Students’ Preferences of Grammar-centered Written Corrective Feedback in Iran
Hooman Saeli -
Open Access Article
68 - Students’ perceptions about writing portfolios: A case of Iranian EFL students
Behrooz Ghoorchaei Mansoor Tavakoli -
Open Access Article
69 - EFL Teacher Educators’ Perceptions of Inquiry-based Pedagogy: A Glance through its Prerequisites and Challenges
Rasoul Salehi Parviz Alavinia -
Open Access Article
70 - On the Efficacy of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Workshops: Academic Behavior and Perceptions in Focus
Rana Najjari Gholam-Reza Abbasian Massood Yazdanimoghaddam -
Open Access Article
71 - definition of aesthetic position in mind sublimity of learners and provide a conceptual model for the arts curriculum
Naser Taslimian Mohamadreza Sarmadi Mohamad Seifirineforce the aesthetic perception and philosophic mindset as the ultimate goals of education systems are analyzed by educational scholars, but the relationship between these two goals in the design of training and curricula, not review yet.In this article the role of a Morerineforce the aesthetic perception and philosophic mindset as the ultimate goals of education systems are analyzed by educational scholars, but the relationship between these two goals in the design of training and curricula, not review yet.In this article the role of aesthetic perception in sublimity of the first trace of comprehensiveness philosophic mindset, is revealed and as well as the main design elements of nature in art curriculum based on the above explanation is revealed. For this purpose, first, aesthetic perception and it’s processes and litter of proving to be true, namely the artistic education, is explained.then the philosophic mindset is clear up. Following a descriptive-analitic method, the conceptual relationships and logical geography between the aesthetic perceptions and the first trace of comprehensivenesess philosophic mindset, has been discovered and explained. This research has the constructivism lens and it’s strategy is quality. Method of this resarch is analytic and belonging to transcendent transcendental. documentary method is chosen to gather information. the findings of this study showed that a previously undetected network conceptual and logical geography of undiscovered, between aesthetic perception and the first trace of comprehensivenesess philosophic mindset that can be grounds for curricula and the design with aesthetic approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Relationship between Perceptions of Classroom Goal Structure, Thinking Styles, Approaches to Learning and Academic Achievement in Students
ELAHE HEJAZI MASOUD LAVASANI ABOLFAZL BABAEI The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between perceptions of classroom goal structure, thinking styles, approaches to learning and academic achievement. For this purpose, in correlational research design, 311 boy students were selected from under More The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between perceptions of classroom goal structure, thinking styles, approaches to learning and academic achievement. For this purpose, in correlational research design, 311 boy students were selected from under graduated students of Abhar Azad University through stratified sampling . Three questionnaires were used: Perception of classroom goal structure scale (PALS), Thinking styles inventory and Study Process Questionnaire. academic achievement of students was assessed through their fall semester average grades. The result indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between academic achievement , mastery goal structure, thinking styles of type 1 and deep approaches to learning. There is no significant relationship between academic achievement, performance -approaches goal structure and goal structure performance-avoid. Also there is a significant negative relationship between academic achievement , thinking styles of type 2. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - A phenomenological study to explore the experiences teacher̓s reactions toward the changes of evaluation system of educational achievement in primary schools
Shiva Goran Keyvan Salehi Mohammad JavadipourTeachers are considered as the most effective human resources and forces of the Education Organization in the implementation of the aimed changes. Analyzing the teachers’ lived experiences from the recent changes created in the evaluation system of the educational MoreTeachers are considered as the most effective human resources and forces of the Education Organization in the implementation of the aimed changes. Analyzing the teachers’ lived experiences from the recent changes created in the evaluation system of the educational achievements in the primary schools has provided a proper background to promote the evaluation system of the educational achievements. This study aims at exploring and analyzing the teachers' reactions to the changes created in the evaluation system of the educational achievements in the primary schools. The present study has been conducted on the basics and principles of the qualitative approach of the interpretive phenomenology, with the participation of 14 male and female teachers teaching in the district two in Tehran based on the purposeful sampling and through using the semi-structured interviews and was finally analyzed based on the method of Diekelman et al. (1989). The results showed that teachers generally have no positive attitude towards the nature of the descriptive evaluation. From the teachers’ point of view, the changes in the evaluation system has created a situation in which the education system has employed a demanding and increasing expectations on the teachers leading to the formation of the negative opinions towards the teachers in the society. Teachers' perceptions and reactions to these changes in the evaluation system has been summarized in three main theme: "professional competencies", "problems in the education system” and "expectations of the education system" and also in nine sub theme. It seems that the focus and interest in making changes, regardless of the conditions of change, and especially the appropriateness of change with organizational maturity, have brought various and varied challenges to the educational system and its continuity can have devastating effects on all components of the educational system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Epistemological Position of Ălam-e Methal in Each of the Levels of Creation from the Perspective of Ibn Arabi
Sara Hasanvandi Monirossadat Pourtolami Monireh SeyyedmazhariBelief in the Ălam-e Methal as a real world and spiritual essence, which is the middle ground between the world of predestination and the world of martyrdom, is one of the beliefs of Mohi al-Dini mysticism. The present article shows how to know all levels of creation th MoreBelief in the Ălam-e Methal as a real world and spiritual essence, which is the middle ground between the world of predestination and the world of martyrdom, is one of the beliefs of Mohi al-Dini mysticism. The present article shows how to know all levels of creation through the knowledge of the Ălam-e Methal. The ideal order of the universe includes vast semi-abstract optical truths determined by ideal forms. Since one of the perceptual powers of man is his imagination, which is itself of the type of the Ălam-e Methal, so man can achieve an existential and epistemological connection with his absolute Ălam-e Methal, Which has been considered in mystical texts, can be related to the absolute idea , the possibility of knowledge and cognition and imaging in all three levels of the universe. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - CAT Tools in Translation Proficiency Development: Iranian EFL Students' Perceptions in Focus
Zahra Sadat Khadem Olhosseiny Mohammad Iman AskariThis research investigated the perceptions of Iranian EFL students regarding the use of Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) tools and explored the aspects the tools that contributed to their proficiency development. An exploratory-descriptive qualitative design was adop MoreThis research investigated the perceptions of Iranian EFL students regarding the use of Computer-Assisted Translation (CAT) tools and explored the aspects the tools that contributed to their proficiency development. An exploratory-descriptive qualitative design was adopted to fulfil the objectives of the study by concerning a focus-group interview and a self-report questionnaire for which a total number of 112 students majoring in translation studies were purposively selected. The participants, enrolled in translation programs at various universities across Iran, represented diverse backgrounds, language pairs, and levels of experience. The study commenced with focus group interviews with a subset of participants to gather in-depth insights into their experiences and attitudes towards CAT tools. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze the data collected from the interviews. With reference to the data gathered through the interviews, an adapted thematic-based Likert scale questionnaire was applied to assess participants' perceptions of CAT tools considering usage patterns, perceived benefits and challenges. The questionnaire was cross-validated according to the first phase data analysis using Cronbach’s Alpha. The findings revealed that students held a generally positive perception of CAT tools, recognizing their potential in enhancing translation proficiency development. CAT tools were identified as effective tools for increasing productivity and efficiency, ensuring improved consistency in translations, saving time and costs, enhancing quality assurance, and facilitating collaboration and teamwork. The study suggested pedagogical implications for translation education via integrating CAT tool training into the curriculum for a better preparation of the students to meet their proficient and professional demands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Critical Issues of Learning-Oriented Assessment Among Iranian EFL Teachers: Perceptions, Limitations and Challenges
Gholamreza Zareian Hamid Ashraf Hossein Khodabakhshzadeh Javad Gholami DomskyThe present study aimed to investigate Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions about critical issues of LOA using a mixed- methods design. To this end, A 35-item questionnaire for investigating perceptions towards LOA was designed and validated. A group of 213 high sch MoreThe present study aimed to investigate Iranian EFL teachers’ perceptions about critical issues of LOA using a mixed- methods design. To this end, A 35-item questionnaire for investigating perceptions towards LOA was designed and validated. A group of 213 high school EFL teachers in Torbat-e Heidarieh and Mashhad were selected based on simple random sampling as the main participants of the study, and 57 EFL teachers were selected to participate in semi-structured interviews to triangulate the results obtained from the questionnaire. The data obtained through the questionnaire were analyzed using different methods of analysis. First, Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to confirm the construct validity of the questionnaire. It included seven subcategories: contextual, affective, interactional, instructional, learning, proficiency, and elicitation. Second, the data were analyzed using SPSS software- using frequencies and percentages, computing independent sample t-test and Pearson Correlation. The results indicated that females had a more positive view than males towards the use of LOA in Iranian language classes. Positive relationship was found between teachers' age and their perceptions of LOA. The results indicated significant relationship between teaching experience and attitude of LOA. The qualitative findings of semi-structured interviews supported those of the questionnaire, revealing that the vast majority of EFL teachers believed that the use of LOA was advantageous and productive. These results have implications for L2 teachers and teacher trainers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - طراحی و اعتبارسنجی بازخوردهای اصلاحی مقیاس ترجیحی: هدف قرارگیری ویژگی های زمینه ای
Mohammad Rahimi Shahram Afraz Amin Karimniyaمطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای کشف ساختارهای زیر بنایی اساسی عامل اساسی پرسشنامه محقق ساز مربوط به بازخوردهای اصلاحی بود که برای تعیین ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. برای این منظور، 150 معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن از موسسات خصوص Moreمطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای کشف ساختارهای زیر بنایی اساسی عامل اساسی پرسشنامه محقق ساز مربوط به بازخوردهای اصلاحی بود که برای تعیین ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. برای این منظور، 150 معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن از موسسات خصوصی زبان به علت موجودیت و در دسترس بودن برای شرکت در مطالعه انتخاب شدند. برای دستیابی به یک نمونه مناسب برای اعتبار سنجی سازه (تحلیل عاملی)، دقت شد که حداقل 125 شرکتکننده انتخاب شوند سن شرکت کنندگان از 27 تا 38 سال بود. در پژوهش حاضر از دو ابزار تحقیق شامل مصاحبه و پرسشنامه جدید طراحی شده توسط محقق در این زمینه استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد که ساختارهای عاملی زیربنایی پرسشنامه محقق ساز جدید شامل نوع خطا و نوع بازخود اصلاحی ، زمان بازخورد و استراتژی معلمان، سطح مهارت و پیشبرنامهریزی، درک شده توسط فراگیران، تصور منفی و تفاوت جنسیتی، تسلط، اصلاح و افزایش بازخورد اصلاحی است. علاوه بر این، یک پرسشنامه جدید جهت بازخورد های اصلاحی برای درک معلمان زبان انگلیسی از اثربخشی بازخوردهای اصلاحی طراحی شده است. در نهایت، پیامدهای مطالعه ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The Effect of Different Educational Contexts on Iranian Teachers’ Perception and Implementation of Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT)
Maryam DelfarianTurk Firroz Sadighi Leila AkbarpourThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different educational contexts (institutes and high schools) on Iranian teachers’ perceptions and implementation of task-based language teaching (TBLT). This mixed-methods research through quantitative and qua MoreThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different educational contexts (institutes and high schools) on Iranian teachers’ perceptions and implementation of task-based language teaching (TBLT). This mixed-methods research through quantitative and qualitative methodology tried to shed light on why TBLT was practiced or avoided. The data were gathered through questionnaires, interviews, and observation from 60 Iranian teachers working at some English language institutes and high schools. The participants were divided into two groups. The results of the study were examined using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive statistics determined the central tendency of teachers’ answers to the questionnaire, and inferential statistics was employed as well to use an independent samples t-test to compare the mean scores of the two groups. Questionnaires were distributed among teachers and collected individually. The collected data was tabulated for analysis, assessing teachers' perceptions and implementation of TBLT. Ten teachers were randomly selected for interviews, exploring their reasons for adopting or avoiding TBLT and gaining insight into their practices and beliefs. The ten-minute individual interview sessions were recorded and evaluated by the researcher. The quantitative results of the study indicated that first, institute and school teachers had different perceptions about the TBLT method. Second, there was no significant difference between institute and school teachers’ attitudes toward implementing this language teaching method. Third, although there was no significant difference between institute and school teachers in applying this method, the results claimed that these two groups are significantly different in avoiding TBLT in their classes. In the qualitative study, the observation results indicated that the majority of institute teachers implemented all phases of TBLT. On the other hand, the instructors mostly avoided implementing TBLT in their junior and senior high school classes. Classroom size, lack of time, improper textbook materials, and students’ lack of prior knowledge as the hindrances of TBLT implementation were among the main reasons that teachers avoided TBLT. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Determining the Effect of Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) towards EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension Achievement and Perspectives
Welly Ardiansyah Risnawati - Zakaria - Wasitoh Meirani -
Open Access Article
80 - Iranian EFL Learners’ Perception of Autonomous Language Learning in Language Classrooms
Sohrab Azizi -
Open Access Article
81 - The Effect of Advertising on Expectations and Perception of the Brand with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Customer Experience Management in the Insurance Industry
Esmaeil Kiyomarsi Hamid Reza Saeednia Zahra Alipour Darvishi -
Open Access Article
82 - The Impact of Virtual Reality Technology on Creating the Attitude and Understanding of Customers Towards the Property and Service Provider in the Real Estate Consulting Division
soraya Khanzadeh Ghalati Mousa Rahimi sirous keshavarz -
Open Access Article
83 - The impact of a brand's country of origin and manufacturer on customers' perceptions of a country's institutional environment and their purchasing decisions taking into account the moderating role of beliefs arising from customer trust
Seyyed Reza Jalalzadeh Amir Momeni -
Open Access Article
84 - Phenomenology of Perception as a Qualitative Methodology to Study Contemporary Architecture
Mohammad Amin Sharifian Nayer Tahoori Iraj Etessam Hossein Zabihi -
Open Access Article
85 - The Moderating Role of Social Approval Perception on the Relationship between the Intention to Sexual Harassment and Sexual Harassment towards Women in the Workplace
Monireh Sadat Hosseini Ali Mehdad Majid SaffariniaThe aim of this research was investigating the moderating role of social approval perception on relationship between intention to sexual harassment and sexual harassment towards women in workplace. The research statistical population included all bank offices, sto MoreThe aim of this research was investigating the moderating role of social approval perception on relationship between intention to sexual harassment and sexual harassment towards women in workplace. The research statistical population included all bank offices, stock exchange, and insurance agencies male employee in Tehran city. The sample consisted 273 individuals whom were selected based on convenience sampling procedure among the population. The research was applied one concerning the object and correlational descriptive with respect to method. The data collected via the implementation of Fitzgerald & et al. Sexual Harassment of Women (1995), Hosseini, Mehdad & Saffarinia Intention to Sexual Harassment (2022) and Hosseini, Mehdad & Saffarinia Social Approval Perception (2022) questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling (SEM). The finding showed that there was a significant positive relationship between intention to sexual harassment with sexual harassment of women (p≤0.05). Moreover, social approval perception could significantly moderate the relationship between intention to sexual harassment and sexual harassment of women (p≤0.05). In other words, in men with low social approval perception, the intention to sexual harassment did not lead to sexual harassment of women, but in men with high social approval perception, the intention to sexual harassment led to sexual harassment of women. With considering the moderating role of social approval perception in relationship between intention to sexual harassment and sexual harassment of women, to prevent sexual harassment of women at workplace, there is a need for cooperation of the organization’ members in recognizing sexual harassment of women, intolerance with its occurrence, as well as organizational intervention policies to deal with the transformation of intention in to behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Women Perception Of Urban Spaces After The Development Plan Using The Grounded Theory
Hamid Pour hosein roshan Hashem Dadash pourThe main purpose of this research was to identify the effective dimensions of women perception of urban space and initiate a new women perception theory on the consequences of the Imam Reza's sister Shrine Development Plan. The present study was a qualitative and its me MoreThe main purpose of this research was to identify the effective dimensions of women perception of urban space and initiate a new women perception theory on the consequences of the Imam Reza's sister Shrine Development Plan. The present study was a qualitative and its method was ethnography. Data were collected by using participatory observation methods and interview technique. To analyze the data and provide the ultimate theory the "Grounded Theory" methodology was applied. In according to qualitative sampling and theoretical saturation criterion, thirty-seven women of 20 to 40 years old participated in the study. Using "Grounded Theory" methodology and encrypts the data, ten category and one final core were extracted. The final result of the research had emphasized on the "return to previous safety and comfort of the space." Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Testing the Model of Marital Life Quality Through the Perception of Equity and Daily Spiritual Experiences by Mediation of Self Differentiation in Married Female Teachers
Leyla Sayahi Malikeh SayahiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included m MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the model of marital life quality through equity perception, and daily spiritual experiences mediated by self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The statistical population included married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The samples subsumed 200 participants whom were selected by multi-phase random sampling. The research was designed as correlational of structural equations type. To collect data Marital Quality Index (Nortoon, 1983), Measurement of Equity Perception (Perry, 2004), Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (Alipour et al., 2016) and Self-Determination Inventory (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998) were implemented. To analyze data structural equations analysis was applied. The results indicated that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had direct significant impact on marital life quality. The findings also showed that equity perception and daily spiritual experiences had indirect significant impact on marital life quality through self-differentiation among married female teachers of elementary schools in Ahvaz. The evaluated model had an optimal goodness of fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Effectiveness of Existential Group Therapy on Experience and Perception of Suffering, Emotional Regulation and Happiness in Migraine patients
Khaton babahasani Naser Amini Abdolah ShafieAbadi ezat deyrehAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of existential group therapy on experience and perception of suffering, emotion regulation and happiness in patients with migraine. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-postt MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of existential group therapy on experience and perception of suffering, emotion regulation and happiness in patients with migraine. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all migraine patients in Genaveh city from August 2016 to April 2018 Of these patients, 40 were selected Using the available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups of existential group therapy and control group. Existential group therapy was performed in the experimental group for 8 sessions of 120 minutes, one session per week, during which the control group did not receive intervention. The research instruments included the Experience and Perception Scale of Schulz (2010), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Garnefski et al (2001), and the Oxford Happiness Scale, Argyle & Lu (1990). To analyze the research findings, statistical analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test was performed by repeated measures at a significance level of 0.05 in SPSS statistical software. The results of analysis of variance showed a significant decrease in the perception of suffering as well as a significant increase in emotion regulation and happiness compared to the control group and this effectiveness continued in the follow-up phase (p < 0.001). According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that existential group therapy is effective in reducing the perception of suffering, increasing happiness, improving emotional regulation in patients with migraine and can improve the quality of life and mental health of these patients Used treatment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The relationship betweensocial anxiety, perceivedbody image, perfectionism, depression and eating disordersinyoung
marzieh mashalpour فرح نادری علیرضا حیدرئی مهناز مهرابی زاده هنرمندThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between social anxiety , perceived body image , perfectionism , depression and eating disorders in youth . Given the number of parameters , each parameter 30 , the optimal number of participants was 200 Nfrbdst Khuze MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between social anxiety , perceived body image , perfectionism , depression and eating disorders in youth . Given the number of parameters , each parameter 30 , the optimal number of participants was 200 Nfrbdst Khuzestan Science and Research Students were selected by multistage random sampling . Instruments included :Lbvys Social Anxiety Inventory , Inventory Picture of Fisher, Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale (APS), measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDS) and eating disorder AEDI Coker and Rogers. Of research is correlational and multiple regression were used for statistical analysis.The results showedthatthecombination of the threevariables,depression,anxietyandsocialperceptionofbody image, eating disordershavethestrongestcombinationPredictingfactorstoexplainthe variance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Providing a model for improving competitive advantage, trust and behavioral intentions towards sports products in leading sports stores in the field of augmented reality technology (case example: Generation Z)
Reza Mortazi Azadeh Seyedalinejad Mohamad JalilvandThe present research was designed and implemented by presenting a model for improving competitive advantage, trust and behavioral intentions towards sports products in active and leading sports stores in the field of augmented reality technology (case example: Generatio MoreThe present research was designed and implemented by presenting a model for improving competitive advantage, trust and behavioral intentions towards sports products in active and leading sports stores in the field of augmented reality technology (case example: Generation Z). The current research method is correlational. The statistical population of this research included the group of teenagers and young people who refer to sports stores active in the field of augmented reality technology. As modern sports stores, these stores tried to implement augmented reality technology and familiarize customers with products according to this technology. According to Cochran's formula, in the conditions of uncertainty of the society; A total of 384 people were identified as the research sample. The results showed that perceived usefulness has a significant effect on competitive advantage (0.581), trust (0.392) and behavioral intentions (0.379). Also, the results showed that the attitude towards using sports products has a significant effect on trust (0.584) and behavioral intentions (0.439). With this attention, it was determined that the perceived usefulness, information and pleasure of customers from facing augmented reality technology are important issues that can create a platform for the desire for sports products in leading sports stores in the field of augmented reality technology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Analyzing the perception and lived experience of primary school teachers regarding creativity
صدیقه یاسمی marjan kianPurpose: The present research was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the perception and lived experience of teachers regarding creativity in the elementary school. Methodology: The research approach is qualitative, which was carried out using the phenomenological m MorePurpose: The present research was conducted with the purpose of analyzing the perception and lived experience of teachers regarding creativity in the elementary school. Methodology: The research approach is qualitative, which was carried out using the phenomenological method. The research community included elementary school teachers in Tehran in the academic year of 1399-1400. The sampling method in the present study was the purposeful sampling of the sampling type of normal cases. Finally, data saturation was achieved by conducting 13 interviews with experienced teachers. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. This type of interview is suitable for qualitative research due to its depth and flexibility. Face-to-face interviews were not possible due to the corona situation and school closures. Therefore, the interview was conducted online. In order to analyze the collected data, the seven-step Claysey method was used. Research findings: the in-depth analysis of views on the concept of creativity led to the identification of three main themes with the title 1- the nature of creativity; 2- creative student and 3- creative teacher and thirteen subthemes. Also, a detailed analysis of the teachers' views on creativity development methods led to the extraction of two main themes titled 1- factors related to the teacher and 2- factors related to the curriculum and eight sub-themes. Finally, a detailed and meticulous examination of the teachers' views regarding the barriers to fostering creativity led to the classification of three main themes under the title 1- Barriers related to students; 2- Barriers related to teachers and 3- Barriers related to curriculum and eleven sub-themes. Conclusion: The findings of this research can be used to create a targeted approach to verify teachers' belief systems and address their incomplete perceptions of creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Relationship between Decision-Making Styles and Risk perception and Entrepreneurial Behavior among Cultural Managers
Fatemeh Nazemi Majid SaffariniaBackground: Entrepreneurial management is clarifying the process of creating an opportunity to create value through innovation and advantage of opportunities. Although there is not enough literature and resources in this relation, however, the role of entrepreneurship i MoreBackground: Entrepreneurial management is clarifying the process of creating an opportunity to create value through innovation and advantage of opportunities. Although there is not enough literature and resources in this relation, however, the role of entrepreneurship in government agencies is gaining momentum. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of risk perception and decision making styles with entrepreneurial behavior. Method: The sample consisted of some 101 Tehrani cultural managers who were randomly selected. Descriptive methods, Pearson correlation and multiple regression weres used to test the hypotheses. Devices for data collection in this study consisted of Entrepreneurial Behavior Questionnaire (Shafi Abadi, 2011), perceived risk (Benten, 1993) and decision-making styles (scott and Bruse, 1995), respectively. Data: The results indicate that risk perception is inversely related to entrepreneurial behavior. In the entrepreneurial behavior, detecting targets (266/0- = R, 05/0> P) is significantly associated with risk perception. also the style of decision-making style as predictors of entrepreneurial behavior were reasonably and effectively perceived. Conclusion: The subject of this study reminds the entrepreneurial management, the way that entrepreneurial management in various public areas can provide areas for improvement and that this system can reduce stagnation and inactivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Mediating role in the relationship between perceived risk of emotional safety psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder
Maryam Darzi Azadboni Mohammad Kazem Fakhri Bahram MirzaianThe purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structu MoreThe purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this study was all first grade students in the second high school of Sari in the academic year of 1398-98. 260 individuals were selected using stage sampling method and responded to Randomo & Aborson Risk Perception Questionnaire (2004), Social Anxiety Inventory (SPI), Psychological Injury Questionnaire (SCL-25) and Bruner et al. (2008) Emotional Safety Scale. They gave. The statistical method of the research was structural regression equations according to Spss24 and Amos23 software. Results showed that the research model was fit and 66% of the variable of psychological vulnerability could be explained by risk perception and emotional safety. There was also a significant negative correlation between the components of risk perception and emotional safety with psychological vulnerability. The results of this study emphasize the necessity of risk perception as well as the mediating role of emotional immunity on adolescents' psychological vulnerability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Modeling academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, classroom environment perception, and socioeconomic status mediated by stress coping styles
Shima Vafa Mina Mojtabaie Nasrin Bagheri Khadije Abolmaali AlhoseiniPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descri MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The population of the study consisted of all female secondary school students in Tehran public schools who were studying in the academic year of 2015-2016. The sample size consisted of 480 secondary school girl students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Students' Questionnaires on Classroom Perception Questionnaires Made by Fraser, Fisher, and MacRobbie (1996); And responded to the Thames (2007) socioeconomic status questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the structural model of the research assumes that the variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship perception, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate stress coping styles, the present variable of academic anxiety Predicted and fitted to the data collected. Conclusion: The variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate the current stressor coping styles predicting academic anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - The Relationship between Psychological Capital and Burnout with Mediated the Social Responsibility Perception in Nurses
Nabiollah Rezaee Narges Babakhani Nasrin BagheriPurpose: The aim of this research was determine the relationship between psychological capital and burnout with mediated the social responsibility perception in nurses. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was the nurses MorePurpose: The aim of this research was determine the relationship between psychological capital and burnout with mediated the social responsibility perception in nurses. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. The research population was the nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020 year, which 600 of them (300 men and 300 women) were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The research instruments were the questionnaires of psychological capital (Luthans et al, 2007), burnout (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and social responsibility perception (Carroll, 1979). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and structural equation modeling. Findings: The results showed that the model of psychological capital and burnout with mediated the social responsibility perception of nurses had a good fit. In addition, psychological capital had a significant direct effect on nurses' social responsibility perception and psychological capital and social responsibility perception had a significant direct effect on their burnout. Also, psychological capital had a significant indirect effect on nurses' burnout through the mediated of social responsibility perception (P˂0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, to reduce the burnout of nurses can improve the amount of psychological capital and perception of social responsibility in them through workshops. Other findings showed that psychological capital had a significant indirect effect on nurses' burnout through mediation of social responsibility perception. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The Effect of Organizational Entrepreneurship on Creativity and Perception of Students' Ability in Technical High Schools of Sistan and Baluchestan
Esa Dehani Abdul Mohammad Taheri Alireza Ghasemi Zad -
Open Access Article
97 - The Nature of Multicultural Teaching from the Perspective of Islamic Azad University Professors Case Study of Kermanshah Province
Parvaneh Kahrizi Batoul Faghiharam Alireza Sadeghi Amirhossain Mehdizadeh Hasan Shabani -
Open Access Article
98 - Explaining the Effectiveness of Human Visual Perception in the Architectural Environment of Golden and Geometric Proportions in the Sense of Belonging to the Place
Rezvaneh Mansouri Farah Habib Azadeh Shahcheraghi -
Open Access Article
99 - Perceptual Analysis of Fast and Irregular Transformations in Historical Urban Landscape (Case Study: Historical-Religious City of Ray and Shemiran District-Tehran)
Homa Eirani Behbahani Anoosheh Gohari Zahra Assar -
Open Access Article
100 - Analysing the Effects of Environmental Recognition on Enhancing the Hidden Natural Landscape of Tajrish River-Valley and its Sociability
Ali Asghar Adibi parichehr goodarzi -
Open Access Article
101 - Failing a course: A diary case study of an Iranian EFL student
Alireza Bonyadi -
Open Access Article
102 - Exploring the Effects of Demographic Factors and Brand Perception on the Intention of Iranian Consumers to Purchase Luxury Automobiles
Kambiz Heidarzadeh Fereshteh Rais RohaniConspicuous consumption is a fairly universal phenomenon: while possibly more pervasive in developed countries. It can be said, conspicuous consumption is more common in some cultures that have a tendency to materialism. This research provides deeper understanding of wh MoreConspicuous consumption is a fairly universal phenomenon: while possibly more pervasive in developed countries. It can be said, conspicuous consumption is more common in some cultures that have a tendency to materialism. This research provides deeper understanding of why consumers are willing to buy luxury cars. The population of this study consists of Toyota, Hyundai & Kia Motors automobile owners in the city of Tehran. The German made Mercedes Benz and the Japanese made Lexus are the luxury products of the population. The final sample consists of 390 participants, and the method is proportional stratified sampling. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and SPSS and LISREL software are used for the data analysis. The main findings show that the Iranian consumer perception of the luxury brand is significantly more affected by the variables of hedonism, uniqueness, and quality than the conspicuous and social values. Marketing managers of luxury brands can use the results to get more consumers to buy. The five perceived values of luxury automobiles can be used as guidelines for salesmen to sell successfully to customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Study of Influencing Factor on Sustainable Behavior
Javad Abbasi Atefeh ReaeiChanging lifestyle and consumption pattern being the aftermath of population and urbanization growth, is putting a strain on environment and sustainable development. When concerns increase, consumption behavior and production program might be the way of protecting envir MoreChanging lifestyle and consumption pattern being the aftermath of population and urbanization growth, is putting a strain on environment and sustainable development. When concerns increase, consumption behavior and production program might be the way of protecting environment and resources for next generation. The consumption value perceptions are identified in the study as the drivers of sustained green product consumption and intention to pay the green price premium using the theory of consumption values. Environmental attitude, contextual factors and consumer innovativeness are included as the first-order constructs. Research method is descriptive survey. Data was collected randomly through390 people of Tehran people based method using structured questionnaires. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied for testing the hypothesized model. Results co Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The Impact of Brand Equity on Consumer Loyalty
Mohammad Mahdi Parhizkar Saeed Ramezani Vahid Reza HalvaeihaAll company’s activities aimed to earn more profit; in fact it is the ultimate goal for them. But If you want permanent profit you have no choice except of obtaining strategies that lead to consumer loyalty .Of course it is a very difficult target nevertheless the MoreAll company’s activities aimed to earn more profit; in fact it is the ultimate goal for them. But If you want permanent profit you have no choice except of obtaining strategies that lead to consumer loyalty .Of course it is a very difficult target nevertheless these companies have some useful advantages like their brand equity that they can leverage them to achieve this goal. So in this study we tried to examine the impact of brand equity on consumer loyalty. For this reason a survey is undertaken among 160 customers of the three companies in food industry (in Iran). Results of the test of conceptual model indicate that in this case we have no reason to contradict the direct relationship between Brand Reliability and Brand Perception Value and consumer loyalty, and we have found no direct relationship between Brand Image and Brand Reputation and consumer loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The Effect of the Content of the Promotional Message on the Intention to Purchase the Staff of the Municipality of Tehran
Shima Yavari Seyed Mahmoud SaberiThis research aim is order to investigate the intention to buy in the insurance industry; considering that in this research the effect of the variables or the causal relations between the variables of the model is sought to be sought, this research is based on the natur MoreThis research aim is order to investigate the intention to buy in the insurance industry; considering that in this research the effect of the variables or the causal relations between the variables of the model is sought to be sought, this research is based on the nature and method of scientific research. This study is also an applied research on the cognitive purpose, and is based on a quantitative research. The data collection method is library-field. The statistical population of the study consisted of employees and managers of Tehran municipality. According to Morgan's table, the minimum number of samples required to conduct this research is 291 people, which according to the widespread number of questionnaires, 385 questionnaires were collected. To test the hypotheses of this research, a questionnaire of 29 questions was used that contains dimensions of message content, perception, personalization, attitude and intention of purchase. The results of the analysis of variance based on SmartPLS2 software showed that positive behavior toward promotional SMS has a positive effect on purchasing intention. Additionally, the customization of SMS messages on the relationship between the message content of the message and the perception of the ad text of the moderated effect Does Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Studying the effect of factors effective on navigating in in-between spaces of residential complexes based on visual perception (case study: three residential complexes in Kerman)
Firoozeh Azmoon Mahdiyeh Moeini Reza Afhami Abbas MasoudiThe pattern of arrangement of residential blocks regarding the quality of navigation for the residents is one of the most important components in designing residential environments. The reason of studying in-between space is the significance of its design in increasing MoreThe pattern of arrangement of residential blocks regarding the quality of navigation for the residents is one of the most important components in designing residential environments. The reason of studying in-between space is the significance of its design in increasing the residents navigating quality. In some contemporary residential patterns, some of features of in-between spaces have been omitted or, if existing, don’t have an appropriate spatial quality. Navigation in In- between space of the residential environment is of the great importance subject. Significant components are effective in enhancing the optimal quality of routing.Therefore, creating environmental backgrounds has a great significance for increasing the navigating quality in residential settings in-between spaces, since it causes the audiences route readability and as a result raises the spatial quality. This study showed that studying the factors effective on navigating quality from audiences' viewpoint and in the after residence stage may yield effective findings for promotion of planning and design of the residential blocks in-between spaces. After residence evaluation depends on the study of effective factors organization which is the accurate recognition of these factors and their effectiveness in navigating from the residents' viewpoint. In this paper, based on performed studies, the components effective on the audience-oriented navigation were identified and classified in three environmental, human and visual domains. This study evaluates the factors effective in designing in-between space and the relation between them regarding navigation. The history of the subject of the relation of inside and outside space has a close relation with the topics discussed in the domain of environmental psychology and behavioral sciences. The need to such debates in the housing ground and relating to what people want their houses was revealed after the failure of some residential projects constructed in 1950s and 1960s.Comparing the obtained parameters the relations between the components of visual perception may be studied regarding the study's objective. For more clarification of the problem, the objects of the study are mentioned as follows: 1- Finding the factors effective on navigation and environmental perception 2- Finding the relation between the components effective in navigation For finding the environmental-human and visual factors, at first field study of the residential complexes in in-between space was performed, then regarding the studied theoretical fundamentals, a table of these factors was prepared.At first, the mentioned components were scrutinized with the content analysis and then were assessed in three residential complexes with structured observation checklist and questionnaire with 90-person statistical population. The questionnaire was codified in three sections based on the components. Data analysis was performed with the aim of finding the significance and relation of the components with each other with SPSS Version 26 software and using Friedman test. The results of study show that from the residents' perception perspective, the balance between three environmental, visual and human components leads to creation of a more optimal space for navigation. These factors were categorized in three groups. It should be mentioned that the components extraction was performed from the research literature and based on the observational checklist and taking notes. Based on Friedman test, the components priority based on their influence rate according to the findings includes respectively visual component, human component and environmental componentAlso, regarding Freidman test, the environmental variable components in the order of significance includes: Form, stimulus of light, color, knot, sequence, spatial, road, contrast, edge, mark Ranking of human variables of components includes: social liveliness, readability, security, control and supervision, availability, pedestrian orientation Ranking of visual variable components includes environment, area, concentration and compression, centuriation, occlusion This study seeks to prove the balance among environmental, human and visual components and finally suggests the designers of this domain to extract a checklist of all effective items resulting from these three components in pre-residence design and their relation with each other. Also, the relation between these variables was extracted based on triple variables. The result of the study shows that the balance between three components may aid the audience in selecting their path. Also, the results of the study helps the designers for creating a framework based on effective factors to be utilized in pre-residence design due to lack of access to environmental user. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Expression of conceptual model of perception based on synergy of multisensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazar
Fatemeh Khajeh hasani Mehdiyeh Moeini Ajhang Baghaee Reza AfhamiConversion of conceptual model of perception based on synergy of multisensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazarAbstract Problem statement: all the information we have about our surrounding world is obtained through our senses. The senses inform us of possible risks MoreConversion of conceptual model of perception based on synergy of multisensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazarAbstract Problem statement: all the information we have about our surrounding world is obtained through our senses. The senses inform us of possible risks and provide us the required information for interpreting the events and predicting the future. Also, it is through senses that we feel the joy and pain and recognize colors. All this information helps us to have more complex phenomena like perception and recognition. In fact, without senses these processes won't happen and we won't be able to use our other mental abilities. In another hand , in the western culture, from historical point of view, vision has been regarded as the most original sensory perception; either in ancient Greece or in Renaissance, with invention of perspective has yet dominated on other human senses. , the architectural experience is multisensory and man doesn't just see the space but smell, hear, touch and even taste it.In his view, all sensory perceptions such as vision have been taken of the tactile sensation and are designated to the skin. All sensory experiences are related to the tactile sensation and this is the body which is located in the center and finally creates a combination of perceptions senses which gives the architecture meaning.Sense perception, due to presence in the space, is the most important factor of perception of the architecture physical identity. Though, often in the contemporary architecture space, the sense of sight is enumerated as the most original factor of sense perception. But, in reality, this superiority of the sense of sight on other senses has caused the audience of the architectural space faces the one-dimensional and superficial perception and doesn’t experience the main principle of interaction with the space, that is the sense of being in the living environment and receives the sense of agitation and identity perception weakness with the architectural space and the joy of presence and sense of attachment to space in the most inexpressive possible state, while in the architectural space like traditional bazars, the sensory richness institutionalized in the space leads to the perception of the physical identity of various spaces of the bazar through creation of conceptual interaction with the audience and synergy of multiple senses. According to this, this study aims to identify the synergy of multisensory landscapes through the approach of sensory landscaping approach. For this purpose, through the evaluation of the audiences' perception of multisensory landscapes in each space of Kerman traditional bazar, it seeks to achieve a clear perception of the nature of synergy of multisensory landscapes based on sensory perception of various physical spaces of the bazar and finally based on recognition of the type and rate of effectiveness of sensory landscapes, investigate the multisensory perception. Research question: How the synergy of multisensory landscapes is shaped in various architectural frameworks of traditional bazar? Research objectives: Evaluation of the audiences' multisensory perception in any of the spaces of Kerman traditional bazarsResearch method: In this study, at first by library studies with the aim of identifying multisensory perception, multisensory landscapes are determined and for evaluation of the audiences mental image of multisensory landscapes in the field studies, the instruments of questionnaire, SPSS software, GIS with IDW method is used for analysis of spatial data (UTM). Analytical-descriptive method is utilized for inference of the quality of synergy of multisensory landscapes. The most important findings and research conclusion: Finally, it is concluded that the audience perception in Kerman traditional bazar is multisensory and its reason is existence of sensory landscapes in Kerman traditional bazar in various sections of the bazar and it is shaped through synergy of these sensory landscapes. This sensory synergy due to five senses shapes the sensory richness in the audience. Then, due to the individual features and environmental factors and focusing on memorability and creation of sense of association, mental image is created in the audience and finally causes the creation of the sense of attachment to the place in the audience and as a result leads to the audience multisensory perception in this place. Keywords: senses, multisensory perception, traditional bazar, sensory landscapes, sensory synergy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - An Explanation of Solutions to Promote theVisual Quality of Kitchen Residential Spaces Based on the Basics of Visual Ecology (Video-ecology)
mohammad hossein javanmardi Tahereh Nasr Jamal-e-Din MahdiNejadImages received from the surrounding environment in the form of visual perception greatly contribute to the human-environment relationship and satisfaction with his residence. Recent studies demonstrate that the matching of images received from the surrounding environme MoreImages received from the surrounding environment in the form of visual perception greatly contribute to the human-environment relationship and satisfaction with his residence. Recent studies demonstrate that the matching of images received from the surrounding environment with physiological and vision standards could increase peoples’ sense of satisfaction and the visual quality of their living spaces. Thus, the core subject was to develop solutions to increase the visual quality of living spaces, such as kitchens. The study hypothesized that the components of visual quality, including symmetry, rhythm, the type of line forms, the type of materials, proportions and scales, and color and light contrasts affect users’ satisfaction and the visual quality of the environment. Independent variables of the study included the components that affected the visual quality of the environment, while the dependent variable of the study was users’ satisfaction and inclination, and consequently the visual quality of the environment. The study method fell under quantitative and qualitative research, and the study approach was correlational, which evaluated the components of visual quality related to the physiological mechanism of vision in the kitchen environment in houses. Data were collected by library studies and questionnaires. In general, the study aimed to explain solutions to improve the visual quality of residential kitchen spaces using the basics of visual ecology. The theoretical framework of the study was founded on five physiological mechanisms of vision, including on - and off-systems, reflection function, saccadic automation, spatial frequency, and binocular vision, as the most important indicators affecting the visual quality of a residential environment were based on the views of researchers and theorists. Questionnaire results were analyzed by Photoshop, SPSS, and MATLAB digital image processing software. The findings indicated that in all fronts of the kitchen, people were inclined to unbroken simple, and curved forms and lines. Concerning the component of rhythm, the results indicated that except for the kitchen’s ceiling, as regards the remaining fronts, people were mostly inclined to an image with a rhythm in an x-y axis direction, which may be due to the vertical and horizontal axes being in one direction with the vision system standards and the observer’s angle of vision in line with the binocular vision and saccadic mechanisms. Findings from the component of symmetry also demonstrated that in all five fronts of the kitchen environment, people were mostly inclined to a highly symmetrical image in an axial direction, which may be due to less disturbance at the point of gravity of each form relative to another and visual uniformity and comfort because of the frequency and mutations created based on points of gravity in line with the saccadic mechanism in each image. Concerning proportions in all kitchen fronts, people were mostly inclined to golden proportions because of the human’s range of vision. Concerning the component of materials, people were mostly inclined to the front at which the gas stove and cabinet surface were located, with the front of the dish-washing sink and the cabinet surface seeing a mixture of fully natural materials such as wood, semi-artificial and natural materials. This may be due to the theory of Reflection Function and the more appropriate natural surfaces and textures compared to artificial materials in terms of visual physiology. Also, on the wall front between the cabinet in the back of the stove and the dish-washing sink, people were mostly inclined to use semi-artificial and semi-natural materials such as ceramics and PVC wall covering. Concerning the component of environmental color contrasts, findings showed that people’s inclination at the front of the stove, cabinet surface, and dish-washing sink was directed at applying colors with moderate and high color contrasts because of the need for sharp-sightedness, non-uniformity, and visual fatigue, which would help perform daily activities in the kitchen in line with the on- and off-system principles. Also, at the wall front between the cabinet in the back of the stove and the sink, people were mostly inclined to apply colors with low color contrast to maintain visual comfort and visual concentration over the stove and the sink surfaces. As well, people were mostly inclined to use curved window forms with moderate rises because of the greater activity of the anterior cingulate cortex and the on- and off-systems mechanism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The Effectiveness of Games based on Neurocognitive Executive Actions on the Skill of Understanding Time and Working Memory of Children with Reading Disorders
Atousa Masoudi Fatemeh Noora Ashrafi Tahmineh Hoseyni Hamideh Majidinia The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of games based on cognitive executive actions on time perception skills and working memory of children with reading disorders. This research was conducted with a semi-experimental metho More The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of games based on cognitive executive actions on time perception skills and working memory of children with reading disorders. This research was conducted with a semi-experimental method and with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all children with reading disorders in learning disorder centers in Tehran in the academic year of 1401. The sampling method in this research was available and with this method, 30 children with reading disorders who had a higher cut-off in the reading disorder test were selected and divided into two equal groups (15 people) and control (15 people) were randomly assigned. The research tools included the reading disorder diagnosis screening test (Shafiei et al., 2017), the computerized time reproduction test, and the Cornoldian working memory test (CWMT). The findings were analyzed using covariance analysis and the results showed the games based on neurological executive actions improved the time perception skills and working memory of the experimental group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The role of Attachment Styles in Academic Achievement of High School Students: The Mediating Effect of Risk Perception and Fear of Success
Fahimeh Fahimi Ali Zeinali Academic achievement is the most important parameter in the efficacy of each educational system. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between attachment styles, risk perception and fear of success and students’ aca More Academic achievement is the most important parameter in the efficacy of each educational system. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between attachment styles, risk perception and fear of success and students’ academic achievement. The study population consisted of all the male and female high school students in Urmia in the 2014-2015 educational years. A total of 380 students were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling technique in terms of district, gender and educational level. Data were collected using attachment styles questionnaire (Van Oudenhoven, Hofstra and Becker, 2003), risk perception scale (Benthin, Slovic and Severson, 1993), fear of success questionnaire (Zuckerman and Ellison, 1976) and the average of students’ grades. The questionnaires have a desirable validity and appropriate reliability. Data were analyzed with Pearson’s correlation coefficient and path analysis techniques. The results showed that in the first model, the secure attachment style had significant, positive, direct and indirect effects on academic achievement. The variables of risk perception and fear of success proved good mediators between secure attachment style and academic achievement. In addition, in the second model, insecure attachment style had a direct and significant effect on academic achievement; however, it had no significant indirect effect on academic achievement. The variables of risk perception and fear of success were not good mediators between insecure attachment style and academic achievement. Based on the results, emphasis should be placed on the roles of attachment styles, risk perception and fear of success in academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Investigating the socio-individual factors associated with the tendency of Tabriz men and women citizens to sport activities
anesah Mousavi davood ebrahimpoorExercise as one of the individual-social manifestations, while preserving and maintaining the physical and mental health of the community, is important for the proper fulfillment of the individual, family and social roles. The general objective of this research is to de MoreExercise as one of the individual-social manifestations, while preserving and maintaining the physical and mental health of the community, is important for the proper fulfillment of the individual, family and social roles. The general objective of this research is to determine socio-cultural factors related to the tendency of Tabriz citizens to sport activities. The research method was essentially descriptive and of a survey type. The statistical population of the study was citizens of Tabriz under the age of 15 years old. According to the statistics center of Iran in 1395, the number of them is 1319033 people, of whom 670516 men and 648516 women. . In order to collect the required data about the population, cluster sampling was used to collect data. In this type of sampling, people are selected according to a hierarchy of types of community units. The samples were selected in proportion to the population of the 10 municipalities. Then, 384 questionnaires were filled out by citizens randomly by referring to residential houses in each of the districts. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was reviewed using the views of the professors of this field. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was used. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normal distribution of variables and Pearson correlation test, independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the hypotheses. Findings of the research showed that the most important factors tend to sport activities, sex, age, marital status, education, income, social support, person's perception of the body, social capital and cultural capital, each of which has a certain share in the communication of citizens Have tended to exercise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Perspective of Female National Hero Athlete about Gender Inequality in Sport
Masoumeh Nazari azad Akbar Talebpour Majid KashaniConsideration of gender inequality among female athletes is considered as one of the grounds for discovering women's interest in sports.The present study uses theories in this field such as theories; gender socialization, gender inequalities, sociology in the form of co MoreConsideration of gender inequality among female athletes is considered as one of the grounds for discovering women's interest in sports.The present study uses theories in this field such as theories; gender socialization, gender inequalities, sociology in the form of consciousness of the thirty Wright Mills, Collins Contradiction Theory, Bloomberg Gender Inequality Theory, Chapters Gender Equality Theory, Gender Equity Theory and Physiological Barriers Theory is based on an analytical model to explain the perception of gender inequality in sport. Based on research model, independent variables, socio- Economic, values and norms Social, pattern of parents, type of exercise, women, women's education, using the media as dependent variables affecting the perception of inequality in sports were selected. The method of this study was to use a survey method among female athletes at the national and transnational level as a statistical population. 200 of them were selected as a statistical sample by random sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha. The findings of the research were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and path analysis. Results of multiple regression analysis showed variables; socio-economic status, social values and norms, parental modeling, women's education and media use respectively The most effect on the dependent variable has been investigated and, in total, more than 48% of the variations of the function variable have been explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - نظرات زبانآموزان دبیرستانی نسبت به اصلاح نوشتاری خطاهای گرامری
Mina Jodaieتحقیق حاضر نظرات زبانآموزان دبیرستانی را در ارتباط با اصلاح نوشتاری خطاهای گرامری مورد بررسی قرار داده است. به این منظور پرشسنامهای بین 100 زبانآموز سطح متوسط که از طریق آزمون تعیین سطح انتخاب شده بودند توزیع گردید.همچنین مصاحبه شفاهی با 10 نفر از آنهاانجام شد. نت Moreتحقیق حاضر نظرات زبانآموزان دبیرستانی را در ارتباط با اصلاح نوشتاری خطاهای گرامری مورد بررسی قرار داده است. به این منظور پرشسنامهای بین 100 زبانآموز سطح متوسط که از طریق آزمون تعیین سطح انتخاب شده بودند توزیع گردید.همچنین مصاحبه شفاهی با 10 نفر از آنهاانجام شد. نتایج نشان میدهد که زبانآموزان تمایل بالایی به دریافت اصلاحات جامع گرامری درهر مرحلهای از بازنویسی متن اصلی داشتند. با این وجود اصلاح کاربرد نادرست کلمات و زمان افعال برای آنها مهمتر از سایر خطاهای گرامری بود. زبانآموزان همچنین نظرات مشترکی نسبت به روشهای مختلف اصلاح خطاهای نوشتاری ابراز کردند. این نتایج میتواند کاربردهای برای تدریس مهارت نگارش به فراگیران زبان انگلیسی داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - به دنبال توانمندی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در فضای انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان انگلیسی ایران
موسی رضا بنفشه محدثه خسروی Mavadat Saidiبه دنبال دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در بافت انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی جهانی شدن باعث افزایش ارتباط میان افرادی با پیش زمینه های زبانی و فرهنگی بسیار شده است (بایرم، 2008) و در نتیجه اخیرا، نقش مهم فرهنگ در آموزش زبان خا Moreبه دنبال دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در بافت انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی: بررسی ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی جهانی شدن باعث افزایش ارتباط میان افرادی با پیش زمینه های زبانی و فرهنگی بسیار شده است (بایرم، 2008) و در نتیجه اخیرا، نقش مهم فرهنگ در آموزش زبان خارجی پررنگ تر از پیش شده است (فیپز و گنزالز، 2004). در نتیجه، دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی به عنوان رکنی مهم در یادگیری و آموزش زبان مطرح شده است (بایرم و زاراته، 1997). البته، این دانش به عنوان نتیجه ی ضمنی خودبخود آموزش زبان خارجی تلقی می شود (میر، 1991) و به نظر می رسد معلمان نقشی مهم در آموزش بین فرهنگی دارند که این نقش در محیطهای انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی حائز اهمیت بیشتری است (هن و سانگ، 2011). مطالعه ی حاضر در تلاش است ادراکات معلمان زبان ایرانی را در مورد توانمندی ارتباطی بین فرهنگی در حال حاضر بررسی نماید. همچنین در تلاش است به این مسئله بپردازد که آیا تجربه ی معلمان می تواند بر ادراک آنها از این توانمندی تاثیر گذارد. بدین منظور، از 100 معلم زبان خواسته شد تا پرسشنامه ی مربوطه برگرفته از مطالعه ی هن و سانگ (2011) را تکمیل نمایند. نتایج بررسی های کمی و کیفی حاکی از آن بود که شباهتها و تفاوتهایی میان ادراکات معلمان در مورد دانش ارتباطی بین فرهنگی و ارتباط آن با تجربه ی معلمان وجود دارد. نتایج به اهمیت آموزش بین فرهنگی معلمان در فضای زبان آموزی ایران اشاره دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - درک معلمان و دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی نسبت به قابل آموزش بودن استراتژیهای ارتباطی
راضیه بهروزیان ناصر غفوری سعیده آهنگریمطالعه حاضر، ادراک اساتید و دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی را در مورد قابلیت آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی بررسی کرد. این تحقیق با 20 استاد و 110 دانشجو از دانشگاه ها و موسسات خصوصی زبان انگلیسی در تبریز، ایران انجام شد. مرور ادبیات مربوط به آموزش استراتژیهای ارتباطی نشان داد Moreمطالعه حاضر، ادراک اساتید و دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی را در مورد قابلیت آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی بررسی کرد. این تحقیق با 20 استاد و 110 دانشجو از دانشگاه ها و موسسات خصوصی زبان انگلیسی در تبریز، ایران انجام شد. مرور ادبیات مربوط به آموزش استراتژیهای ارتباطی نشان داد که آموزش این استراتژیها در دهه های گذشته بحث برانگیز بوده است. در حالی که برخی از بحث ها، امکان آموزش استراتژیهای ارتباطی را رد می کنند، بسیاری از مطالعات تجربی، قابل آموزش بودن این استراتژیها را تأیید می کنند. با استفاده از طراحی روش ترکیبی، در این تحقیق از آزمون مهارت زبان، پرسشنامه و مصاحبه برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شد. در مرحله کمی ، پاسخ های شرکت کنندگان به پرسشنامه، قبل و بعد از یک دوره 12 هفته ای آموزش استراتژیهای ارتباطی، از نظر آماری مقایسه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کمی به دست آمده از پرسشنامه از طریق آزمون تی زوجی نشان داد که درک فراگیران نسبت به سودمندی راهبردهای ارتباطی، پس از آموزش به طور قابل توجهی مثبت تر می شود. تجزیه و تحلیل کیفی داده های مصاحبه نشان داد که اکثر اساتید، استراتژیهای ارتباطی را برای آموزش مفید و امکان پذیر می دانند. همچنین مشخص شد که راهبردهای ارتباطی، توانایی دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی را در صحبت کردن مضاعف می کند و آگاهی آنها را نسبت به این استراتژیها افزایش می دهد. این مطالعه می تواند پیامدهای آموزشی برای اساتید و دانشجویان ارائه دهد و زمینه را برای مطالعات بیشتر در این موضوع فراهم نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - اثربخشی گفتمان نقادانه دانشجویان با استفاده از الگوی آموزشی باختین درکلاس مکالمه
فاطمه نیک نژاد ناییج آباد محمدرضا خدارضا داوود مشهدی حیدرتحقیق حاضر تلاشی است جهت بهبود گفتمان نقادانه دانشجویان با استفاده از الگوی آموزشی باختین و بررسی نگرش دانشجویان نسبت به روش آموزشی دیالوکنیکی در کلاس مکالمه زبان انگلیسی. بدین منظور از دانشجویان موسسات آموزشی مختلف، تعداد ۴۷ نفر در این تحقیق به صورت هدفمند شرکت کردند. Moreتحقیق حاضر تلاشی است جهت بهبود گفتمان نقادانه دانشجویان با استفاده از الگوی آموزشی باختین و بررسی نگرش دانشجویان نسبت به روش آموزشی دیالوکنیکی در کلاس مکالمه زبان انگلیسی. بدین منظور از دانشجویان موسسات آموزشی مختلف، تعداد ۴۷ نفر در این تحقیق به صورت هدفمند شرکت کردند. داده های تحقیق حاضر، در دو مرحله کمی و کیفی به صورت روش تحقیق تلفیقی جمع آوری شده است. در مرحله کیفی؛ دو مدرس زبان توسط محققین با روش اموزشی باختبن آشنا شدند تا اصول دیالکتیکی را در یک کلاس آموزش دهند و در کلاس دیگر به عنوان گروه گواه مورد مقایسه قرار بگیرند. این مرحله ۱۲ جلسه آموزشی طول کشید. اطلاعات جمع آوری شده با استفاده از آزمون تی تست در دو گروه مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داده است که اصول آموزشی دیالکتیکی باعث مکالمه نقادانه دانشجویان می گردد. مرحله دوم به صورت کیفی انجام شده است. در این مرحله از دانشجویان خواسته شده تا به سوالاتی در زمینه میزان اثربخشی این روش درپیشیرد مکالمه نقادانه به آنها پاسخ دهند. پاسخ دانشجویان جمع آوری و سپس با استفاده از مدل توماس نتایج این تحقیق به چند بخش کلی و جزئی تقسیم شده است که شامل پیشرفت خود یادگیری، پیشرفته سواد انتقادی، تمرین آموزش زبان انگلیسی و بالا بردن عوامل عاطفی و انگیزشی در یادگیری کلاس تقسیم بندی شده است. نتایج این تحقیق می تواند کاربردهای آموزشی در مدیریت کلاس تهیه تدوین مطالب درسی و برنامه ریزی در سیاستهای آموزش زبان داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - The Effect of Curriculum based on Virtual Reality on Primary School Students' Problem Solving Perception and Academic Achievement
sajjad pourbaghban Firooz Mahmoodi Eskandar Fathiazar Behroz KohestaniThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of virtual reality-based curriculum on problem-solving perceptions and academic achievement of sixth grade elementary students in science. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and the pretest-posttest r MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of virtual reality-based curriculum on problem-solving perceptions and academic achievement of sixth grade elementary students in science. The method of the present study was quasi-experimental and the pretest-posttest research design was with a control group. The statistical population included all sixth grade elementary school students in Tabriz and the statistical sample, due to its semi-experimental nature, included 30 people (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The experimental group consisted of students who were exposed to education based on a virtual reality-based curriculum model, and the control group consisted of students who were exposed to conventional school education. Hepner and Patterson (1982) problem-solving perception questionnaire and teacher-made academic achievement test were used to collect information. The research data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate Analysis of Variance. Findings showed that virtual reality education has a positive effect on all three components of problem-solving perception (self-confidence, closeness to the problem and personal control) and academic achievement. Therefore, by using virtual reality-based curricula, students' problem-solving perception and academic achievement can be increased Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - The Effectiveness of the Curriculum Based on Understanding by Design on Academic Achievement and Problem Solving Perception of Sixth Grade Students of the Elementary School
seyed taher seyedi nazarlo Firooz Mahmoodi davoud tahmasebzadeh sheikhlar hossein dehganzadeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate how the Understanding by Design (UbD) curriculum affected the science achievement and problem-solving perception of sixth-grade students in science. The study took place in Shabestar city during the fall semester of the 2023-202 MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate how the Understanding by Design (UbD) curriculum affected the science achievement and problem-solving perception of sixth-grade students in science. The study took place in Shabestar city during the fall semester of the 2023-2024 academic year and involved 60 students who were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group, with 30 students in each group. The students had similar scores on a pre-test of science knowledge. The data collection instruments were a teacher-made achievement test and a problem-solving perception questionnaire was designed by Heppner and Petersen (1982) using a 5-point Likert scale. The instruments had a split-half reliability coefficient of 87% and a Cronbach’s alpha of 85%, respectively. The experimental group received instruction using the UbD curriculum, while the control group followed the traditional curriculum. To analyze the collected data, descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation and inferential statistics such as univariate analysis of covariance) with SPSS 25 software were used.The results showed that the UbD curriculum significantly increased the students’ science achievement and problem-solving perception compared to the traditional curriculum. These findings indicate that the UbD curriculum is a more effective and engaging way of teaching science to sixth-grade students, as it fosters their understanding of the subject matter and their problem-solving perception. This study contributes to the growing body of evidence that supports the use of backward design and authentic assessment in science education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - A study of relationship between perceptions of social ineqality, social loafing, job stress and job satisfaction among the personnels of Islamic azad university Islamshahr branch
Saeid Najarpour Ostadi Alireza Agdamibaher AsadAllah KhadiviThe aim of the paper is to study the relationship between perception of social inequality, social loafing,job stress and job satisfaction among the personnels of Islamic Azad university-Islamshahr branch.The statistical population was 175 people: 77 official employees, MoreThe aim of the paper is to study the relationship between perception of social inequality, social loafing,job stress and job satisfaction among the personnels of Islamic Azad university-Islamshahr branch.The statistical population was 175 people: 77 official employees, 72 temporary contract-based employees and 26 pemanent contract- based employees were selected through random stratified method.The data were collected through two standard questionnaires,namly spector’s job satisfaction, Davis and et.al.job stress,and two researcher made questionnaires regarding social inequality perception, and social loafing.All the tools enjoyed a desirable reliability.The test of hypotheses showed that there is relationship between each of the variables of hypotheses showed that there is relationship between each of the variables of social inequality perception,social loafing,job stress and job satisfaction.It was also determined that 33.190 job satisfaction variance results from the studied variables.It became clear that the type of employment,academic degree and their interaction has a significant effect on job satisfaction.The effect of academic degree is more than that of other variables.Each of the job stress,social inequality,social loafing,type of employment and academic degree variables had separate effects.job stress of temporary contract-based employees and official employees is more than that of the permanent contract-based employees.Job stress among the employees with bachelor degree is more than that of other employees and it became clear that the rate of loafing among the employees with bachelor degrees is more than that of the other personnels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - بررسی مطالعه جامعه شناختی- فرهنگی عوامل موثر بر جراحی زیبایی زنان ( مطالعه موردی زنان شهرستان نور)
علی اصغر عباسی اسفجیر مصطفی قاسمی -
Open Access Article
121 - The Role of Control Source and Risk Perception in Predicting Driving Behavior of Young Taxi Drivers in Karaj
Farzaneh Momeni Rajabali Mohammadzadeh Admolaee Jamal Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
122 - Explaining the Quality of Citizens' Subjective Perception of the Quality of Environmental Elements of Urban Sidewalks Case study: Tabriz Metropolis
Mohammadebrahim RamazaniThis study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the quality of citizens' subjective perception of the quality of green spaces in urban sidewalks to provide suggestions for improving the quality of biological elements by considering the perceptions of citizens. In MoreThis study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the quality of citizens' subjective perception of the quality of green spaces in urban sidewalks to provide suggestions for improving the quality of biological elements by considering the perceptions of citizens. In terms of nature, the present study is a quantitative research and in terms of data collection, it is field research. The statistical population of this study is all pedestrians. Due to the uncertainty of the statistical population, the sampling method was used for an unlimited population, and 380 people were randomly selected. The reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha formula 0.884 for Tarbiat, 0.889 for Valiasr and 0.901 was obtained for the Ark. Analysis of research data using factor analysis showed that a total of 34 variables were able to explain 95.66% of the variance of the total variance. The results of the MANOVA test showed that there was a significant difference between the three sidewalks in terms of the quality of subjective perception of environmental elements, and in the meantime, the correlation rate on the Tarbiat sidewalk was higher than Valiasr and Ark. Finally, the results of the regression test showed that in terms of significance, the variables of tree planting and flowering, environmental health, living organisms, water, urban planning, and urban microclimate are in order, respectively. According to the findings of the research, practical research proposals with the focus on arboriculture and floriculture were presented to strengthen the aesthetic and ecological health to observe health of sidewalks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Residents` perception in informal settlements and assessing its quality and quantity indexes (case study: Imam Khomeini Hesar residential, Hamedan city)
Somayeh Afshari Azad Arash Osmani Saeed Piri Bahman KhosrowbeigiThe issue of housing and marginalization is common in architecture and urbanization. Informal settlement can be considered as illegal brainchild of this overwhelming phenomenon which is increasing in different dimensions. Regarding, the importance of all existential asp MoreThe issue of housing and marginalization is common in architecture and urbanization. Informal settlement can be considered as illegal brainchild of this overwhelming phenomenon which is increasing in different dimensions. Regarding, the importance of all existential aspects of a city in environmental, economic and cultural basis of development and growth, the study of informal settlement has turned into a serious research scenario attended by social scientists, geographers and architects. This research aims to provide regulations and guidelines for informal settlement to develop them into safe places to live in. The research is descriptive-analytic based on field observation .Thirty five residents of Imam Khomeini Hesar quarter were chosen randomly and they were asked to fill the questionnaire .The results showed that most of the residents are immigrants from rural areas with little satisfaction from their life places while the indexes of life can be promoted by low-interest loans, easy registering and delivering official documents for ownership. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Iranian EFL High School Teachers' Perceptions of Virtual Learning System Opportunities, Challenges and Threats
Seyyed Jaffar Rafiee Parviz Alavinia Mehdi Sarkhosh -
Open Access Article
125 - Vocational Secondary School English Coursebooks Based on Social Semiotic Perspective: Voices from Engineering Professionals
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.36.1.7
Cinthia Reswari Dwi Rukmini Helena Agustien Djoko Sutopo -
Open Access Article
126 - A Qualitative Investigation of Students' Perceptions of Flipped learning
Shahriar Jalili Hamidreza Khalaji Hossein Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
127 - Teachers’ Perception Towards Differentiated Instruction Approach in Secondary Schools of Namangan City
Nilufar Jamoliddinova Yana Kuchkarova -
Open Access Article
128 - Fostering EFL Teacher Enthusiasm through Vision Enhancement and its Relationship with Students’ Attitude and Effort
Saeed Safdari Parviz Maftoon Parviz Birjandi -
Open Access Article
129 - Students’ Perceived Classroom Climate and Their Achievement Goal Orientations in an Iranian EFL Context
Saeedeh Mohammadi Mohammad Aliakbari -
Open Access Article
130 - An Investigation of Teachers’ Perceptions of KARDS in an EFL Context
Vahid Hassani Mohammad Khatib Massood Yazdani Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
131 - The Effect of Strategy-based Instruction on Iranian EFL Learners’ Learner Autonomy: Learners’ Perceptions
Nooshin Azin Reza Biria Ahmad Ameri-Golestan -
Open Access Article
132 - The Contribution of Cornell Note-Taking Strategy Instruction to the Listening Comprehension of Iranian EFL Learners: A Case of Learners’ Perception
Shahrzad Amini zahra sadati -
Open Access Article
133 - The Effect of Intensive versus Extensive Recasts and Textual Enhancements on Iranian EFL Learners’ Grammatical and Lexical Development: Exploring Students' Perceptions in Online Classes Considering the Role of Working Memory Capacity
Farzaneh Bahadori Mohammad Bavali Mohammad Riasati Samad Mirza Suzani -
Open Access Article
134 - Speech Coding in Noisy Environments based on Human Auditory System Model
Seyed Iman Abtahi Mohammad Reza Ashouri Rassol Amir FattahiIn this paper, an analysis/synthesis system based on the natural Cochlear model and the human auditory perception properties is presented that is capable of coding the speech signal under harsh acoustic conditions. For this purpose, the corrupted signal is decomposed in MoreIn this paper, an analysis/synthesis system based on the natural Cochlear model and the human auditory perception properties is presented that is capable of coding the speech signal under harsh acoustic conditions. For this purpose, the corrupted signal is decomposed into a number of sub-bands using complex Gammatone filter bank, and the sub-band signals are individually and adaptively denoised. Temporal masking, a combination of a novel non-uniform quantization method and lossless coding algorithms are then applied to reduce the number of coefficients and compression. The proposed system is very robust and effective in dealing with different kinds of noises such as white, colored and periodic noises. Objective and Subjective quality measurements demonstrate significant improvement in the perceptual quality of synthesized speech while considerable reduction in bit-rate to approximately 14.6 Kbps is achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of the Different Features of Mediation
Mahbubeh Rezaeian -
Open Access Article
136 - The Impact of Gestalt Visual Principles on Consumer Perception in Digital Marketing
Bahman Narouei Hossein Hakimpour Mehdi Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh Vashan Mohammad MohammadiAbstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consi MoreAbstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consisted of customers of the digital marketing department of Choob Sang industrial furniture manufacturing company. The sample size was 384, selected through simple random sampling based on Morgan's table. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, and analysis was performed using SmartPls4 and SPSS software at descriptive and inferential levels.The findings of this research indicate that the gestalt of the digital marketing platform is effective in shaping consumers' visual perception through principles such as similarity, proximity, integration, continuity, appropriateness of role, and context. This effectiveness extends to all three components of the perception process: exposure, attention, and meaning creation, with meaning creation being the most influential component. The results suggest that incorporating Gestalt principles in design can optimize the digital marketing platform and enhance the effectiveness of visual elements in audience perception. This can be achieved by organizing visual content, creating graphic unity on pages, simplifying customer journey steps, increasing interaction, and ultimately improving consumer perception, visual ability, decision-making, and conversion rates in digital marketing. keywords: Gestalt, advertising effectiveness, consumer perception, digital marketing, visual perception Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Determining the Main Factors Causing the Tendency to E-learning among the Professors of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch
Mahmonir Alizadeh Batool Faghih Aram Amirhossein MahdizadehThe purpose of this study was to identify the main factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. Considering the purpose, the study was an applied research adopting an exploratory survey approach for the data c MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the main factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. Considering the purpose, the study was an applied research adopting an exploratory survey approach for the data collection. The statistical population consisted of 300 faculty members working in different faculties in 2014. Using the stratified random sampling and according to the H. S. Bola table, 169 people were selected as the statistical sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to identify the factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors. The validity of the questionnaire was verified by professors and experts and the Chronbach's alpha was used to estimate the reliability which was 0.79. Using the SPSS software and the exploratory factor analysis, the research data were analyzed in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics. Based on the findings, the factors including managers’ support, environmental factors, infrastructures, educational system equipment, and e-learning content had the highest impact (70%). Also, the other factors including high-speed internet, hardware facilities, and observing standards influenced the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. The specific values of the first and second factors were 65.68 and 18.005, respectively. According to the variance results, the first and second priorities are respectively managers’ support and environmental factors, infrastructures, and e-learning equipment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Challenges of Electronic Learning: a study with phenomenological approach
Ali Zarei Marziye DehghaniThe purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the experiences of masters and graduate students from the concept of e-learning and its challenges. In this regard, the qualitative-phenomenological research approach was used. Research Area, University of Tehran. T MoreThe purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the experiences of masters and graduate students from the concept of e-learning and its challenges. In this regard, the qualitative-phenomenological research approach was used. Research Area, University of Tehran. The research sample consisted of 10 experienced faculty members and 10 graduate students of e-learning courses in 1396-1393, which continued through the purposeful and criterion sampling to theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. To analyze the research data, a seven-stage clayey method was used. A total of 8 themes and 30 sub-topics were identified. To evaluate the findings of the research, using a continuous study and review of data, the review and analysis used by colleagues was used. Findings of the research showed that faculty members 'perceptions and impressions are different in terms of faculty and students' challenges, and each of the two groups reminded the challenges. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Explanation of the effective criteria on the visual clutters in the perception process
Mercedeh Tahmasbifard Farah Habib Zahra Sadat Saeideh ZarabadiOne of the most important urban issues and concerns today is the disarray and inconsistency of urban facades. This disarray of urban facades has led to the visual clutter of today's cities on a macro level. Since visual clutter is created as a result of a disturbance in MoreOne of the most important urban issues and concerns today is the disarray and inconsistency of urban facades. This disarray of urban facades has led to the visual clutter of today's cities on a macro level. Since visual clutter is created as a result of a disturbance in perception, explaining the effective criteria for visual clutter in the process of perception can be a way to solve this problem. With this aim, this research, based on studies of perceptual theories, has investigated the effective criteria for creating visual clutter in the perceptual process, and the path of the perceptual process that leads to visual clutter or relaxation has been determined. Then, the impact of the criteria was measured through a questionnaire and based on the Likert scale, and the effective criteria on visual clutter were ranked through SPSS software and using Friedman's test to determine their importance. The findings of the research show that the lack of coordination and connection of components, lack of readability, and increase of data are the most important, and new and unfamiliar data are the least important in creating visual clutter in the perception process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The phenomenon of perceptual perception and perceptual experience of native home (Case Study : Medbaq of Mokrian region Homes)
Bayezid Golabi Qader Bayzidi Arsalan Tahmasbi Jalil SahabiThe present research seeks to explore the meaning of the architecture of the native houses of the Mukherian region of Iran, which is based on the sense of experience and perceptual experience. The ultimate goal of the research, the pure attitude toward the senses and th MoreThe present research seeks to explore the meaning of the architecture of the native houses of the Mukherian region of Iran, which is based on the sense of experience and perceptual experience. The ultimate goal of the research, the pure attitude toward the senses and the intent to discover their deep relationship and the expression of a scientific method for the visualization of the sensory perception of architecture and the perceptual experience of the home, with the disclosure and disclosure of the degree of conflict between senses and the importance of the characteristics of the perceptual experience in the Mokrian homes. The research was initially conducted using a phenomenological approach and then a descriptive-analytical method. The seven-step method and the MAXQDA software were used to analyze the information and provide the core category and SPSS software was used to measure it. The researcher conducted open and deep interviews and field entries in the following sections of the experience of life and characteristics of the information gathering about one of the premises of the house called "Medbaq (bread baking area)" and made important interpretations with the participation of residents and emphasis On "sensory perception of the subject" and "the nature of human experiences", under 45 important terms and then finally nine themes of meaning were identified and developed. Then, a core category called "Mokrian House": the identity of man, the space of man and the environment "was chosen as the true meaning of the houses of the Mokrian region of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The evolution of historical houses of Tabriz metropolis from the perspective of Visual Perception (case example of houses in Qajar period of Tabriz)
Fatemeh Mohammadiyan ali azar asadolah shafizadeIntroduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these MoreIntroduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these houses. Research aim: Explanation and investigation of the influential components in the functional aesthetics of the historical houses of Tabriz in the Qajar periodMethodology: Descriptive-analytical method with qualitative method using interviews was used. In this research, there are two types of statistical population. 1- The houses of the Qajar period of Tabriz, which have been selected from among the 14 famous Qajar houses of Tabriz. 1- There are 135 professors and experts in the field of architecture and historical heritage of Tabriz, of which 16 were randomly selected. To analyze the house in relation to the aesthetics of the interpretive-historical method, and to interview in a semi-structured way with experts from the professors and experts of Tabriz in the fields related to the architecture of this house, the interviews were conducted using audio recorders. The voice of the respondents was coded using the "MaxQodia" qualitative data analysis software with the help of a computer.Studied Areas: The area under study is the city of TabrizResult: It is concluded that the aesthetic factors have been manifested in the context of the body and the function of harmony with local custom and culture, local materials and attention to the needs of all family members and flexibility, and the evolution of the historical houses of Tabriz in the direction of aesthetics (functional, functional) ) Is.Conclusion: The findings of the research showed that the aesthetics of Qajar houses is manifested in a functional, physical, formal, structural and functional-social way and in the relationship with nature. The most important manifestations of this period appear in the form of three styles and periods of purely performance (without paying attention to aesthetics), imitative aesthetics and aesthetics along with functional aesthetics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Effects of Farmers’ Perceptions of the National Farmers’ Day Awards Scheme on Farm Productivity in Ghana
Fadilah Mohammed Lambon Joseph Thomas Ayaaba -
Open Access Article
143 - Accuracy of Extension Professionals’ and Farmers’ Perceptions regarding Privatization and Commercialization of Agricultural Extension Services
Ajieh Patrick Chuks -
Open Access Article
144 - Poultry Farm Characteristics and Poultry Farmers’ Perception of Farm Succession Planning in Southwest, Nigeria
O. O Arowolo A. A Ogunronbi S. O Apantaku S. O Adeogun -
Open Access Article
145 - Presenting the media literacy model of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Directors
fatemeh tarkhan aliasqar shojaei abbas khorshidiThe present study was aimed at presenting the media literacy model of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Directors. This research is applied to the purpose of applied research, from the viewpoint of exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) data and from the res MoreThe present study was aimed at presenting the media literacy model of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Directors. This research is applied to the purpose of applied research, from the viewpoint of exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) data and from the research methodology to data type of the foundation (qualitative stage) and cross-sectional survey (quantitative stage). In the qualitative section of academic experts (university professors in the field of management) and organizational managers as the research community, they were considered as a research community. Using a targeted snowball method by conducting 20 interviews, the researcher has identified that the information gathered has reached saturation point. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative section was composed of 421 speeches by all Iranian audio and audio directors. For selecting the sample group, the sample size was Morgan's sample size. Based on simple random sampling, 205 managers (35 women and 170 men) are selected. The tool for collecting data was in the qualitative section of the national and international documents related to the issue as well as semi-structured exploratory interviews. The interviews progressed to theoretical saturation in the categories and research components and then stopped with the decision of the researcher. Finally, after collecting information from the interviewing sections and the sources, at this stage, data and coding data (open, axial and selective) were used to classify the data. In the qualitative section, in order to determine the internal validity (validity) of the findings, in addition to the fact that the data were selected and confirmed by studying the theoretical foundations, research background, resources, interviews with the focal subjects Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Sociological explanation of the relationship between the perception of corruption and social trust in society(Case study:citizens of AHVAZ)
Eskandar Arami ali hossein Hossein zade Manoochehr kordzanganehThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among the citizens of Ahvazan city. The research method is of a qualitative-quantitative combination, which is applied in the MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among the citizens of Ahvazan city. The research method is of a qualitative-quantitative combination, which is applied in the qualitative part of the data theory of the Foundation (Strauss, Corbin). The data required for the quantitative part have been collected from a statistical sample of 394 people using a survey method and a questionnaire tool. In the qualitative part, in order to deeply examine and understand the subject first, library studies and researches were used, as well as the researcher's lived experience. Then, a semi-structured interview was conducted from among the statistical community, which includes university professors and experts in the fields of sociology and public administration in ahvaz city, who were executive and scientific officials related to the subject, using the purposeful sampling method, 15 people were selected and conducted as a sample. The validity of the interviews in the qualitative part was based on the opinion of experts, and for the reliability of the intra-subject method and two coders, and in the quantitative part of the questionnaires, the Cronbach's alpha method was used, and for the relationships between the variables, confirmatory factor analysis was used in Lisrel software. The results of this research showed that there is a significant relationship between the perception of administrative corruption and social trust among Ahvaz citizens. The effect of the path coefficient between the variables in the standard estimation mode model is equal to 0.72 and the T coefficients in the significant mode model is equal to 5.79 and the T coefficients are greater than the value of 1.96. The perception of administrative corruption has the components of drivers, monitoring , social capital is accountability and transparency, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - بررسی ادراک به نژادگران نسبت به مزایا و معایب به کارگیری به نژادی مشارکتی در ایران
امیر نعیمی مصطفی کرباسیون فاطمه عباسیهدف این پژوهش بررسی مزایا و معایب به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی بود. 76 به­نژادگر از بین 95 به­نژادگر موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح بذر و نهال کرج، به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. داده­ها از طریق پرسشنامه به عنوان ابزار تح Moreهدف این پژوهش بررسی مزایا و معایب به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی بود. 76 به­نژادگر از بین 95 به­نژادگر موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح بذر و نهال کرج، به عنوان نمونه مورد مطالعه به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. داده­ها از طریق پرسشنامه به عنوان ابزار تحقیق گرد­آوری شده است. روایی ظاهری و محتویی پرسشنامه توسط پانلی از متخصصان ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی بازبینی و تایید شد. پایایی پرسشنامه بین 83/0 تا 92/0 بدست آمد. یافته­های توصیفی پژوهش نشان دادند که به­نژادگران ادراک مثبتی درخصوص به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی داشتند. نتایج آزمون همبستگی نشان می­دهد که همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری در سطح خطای یک درصد بین سطح آشنایی با به­نژادی مشارکتی، مزایا و ادراک به­نژادگران نسبت به به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی وجود داشت. هم­چنین همبستگی منفی و معنی­داری در سطح خطای یک درصد بین معایب به­نژادی مشارکتی و ادراک به­نژادگران درخصوص بکارگیری آن وجود داشت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیون به روش گام به گام نشان داد که دو متغیر مزایا و معایب به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی، در مجموع 58 درصد از تغییرات ادراک به­نژادگران درخصوص به­کارگیری به­نژادی مشارکتی را تبیین می­کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - The Impact of Employees' Perceptions of Organizational Righteousness on Organizational Silence with a Moderating Role in Understanding Leadership Behavior in Isfahan Azad University
Abbas Ghaedamini Harouni Mehrdad Sadeghi de cheshmehThe purpose of current research was determining the effect of employee perceptions for Isfahan Azad University of organizational Silence through leadership behavior on organizational silence based on correlation type descriptive approach. Population of the research was MoreThe purpose of current research was determining the effect of employee perceptions for Isfahan Azad University of organizational Silence through leadership behavior on organizational silence based on correlation type descriptive approach. Population of the research was consisted of all the 422 employees of Isfahan Azad University which 154 participant employees was chosen based on Tabachnick and fidell Formula by an available random sampling method. The information gathering tools were three questionnaire consist of the perception of organizational integrity, Kameron et.al (2004), the leadership behavior of Goba (2013) and the organizational silence of Valkola and Budras (2005). Formal validity of each questionnaire was verified by the supervisor and some of responders. Also reliability of questionnaires was calculated by the coefficient alpha of Cronbach to be 0.93 for the perception of organizational integrity, 0.98 for the leadership behavior and 0.92 for the organizational silence questionnaire. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, stepwise regression, and structural equation modeling) were used. Results showed that the dimensions of the perception of integrity included integration with the T-value of 8.12 / 5, forgiveness with a t-value of 3.590, and sympathy with the t-value of 391.3 at 95% confidence level, are dependent to the predictive power of the variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The effect of talent management on objective organizational forgetting with the mediator role of organizational agility (case study: Department of Sports and Youth of Tehran Province) تت
علی اصغر دورودیان محمدرضا غفارزاده Abstract The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of talent management on objective organizational forgetting with the mediator role of organizational agility (case study: Department of Sports and Youth of Tehran Province). Th More Abstract The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of talent management on objective organizational forgetting with the mediator role of organizational agility (case study: Department of Sports and Youth of Tehran Province). The study was a descriptive based on structural equation modeling. The statistical sample was equal to population consisted of all employees of the Sports and Youth Department of Tehran province, numbering 250 people. In this research, Mahmoudvand organizational forgetting questionnaire (2011), talent management skills of Taft (2011) and Organizational agility of Spitzer (2007) were used. Descriptive statistics, and structural equation modeling were used for analyzing data. Statistical analysis of this study was performed using SPSS version 20 and AMOS software. The results showed that talent management with a regression coefficient of 0.47 and a significant level of less than 0.05 had a significant positive effect on targeted organizational obsolescence in the general administration of sport and youth in Tehran province. Also, talent management has a positive correlation with regression coefficient of 0.53 and a meaningful level of less than 0.05 on organizational agility in the general administration of sport and youth in Tehran province. Finally, the results of path analysis indicated that talent management, while having a direct impact on organizational forgetting (-0.057), through the organizational agility mediator variable of 0.526, also affects organizational forgetfulness and increases organizational forgetfulness. Therefore, it is suggested that talent management be considered as one of the most important organizational measures in sport and youth in Tehran province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Investigating the effect of perception of organizational policies on amotivation mediating role of anxiety and depression with the role of mediator of anxiety and depression and the effect of amotivation on the eudaimonic Wellbeing of employee (Case Study: General Administration of Youth and Sports Organization of Fars province
مجتبی وزینی افضل عباسعلی رستگار محمد کشاورز اقبال جباری The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceptions of organizational policies on amotivation while investigating the role of mediator of anxiety and depression as well as the effect of amotivation the eudaimonic Wellbeing of employe More The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceptions of organizational policies on amotivation while investigating the role of mediator of anxiety and depression as well as the effect of amotivation the eudaimonic Wellbeing of employees. The purpose of this study is descriptive and survey method The statistical population in this study was 189 employees of General Administration of Youth and Sports Organization of Fars province who were selected by convenience sampling method. A standard 28-item questionnaire (To measure the perceptual of organizational policies from the Cassemary and Carlson Questionnaire (1997); to measure anxiety on the Fitzpatrick et al. Scale (2017); to measure depression on the Bass et al scale (2018 and to measure the the eudaimonic Wellbeing of Waterman scale (2011)) was used to collect the data. To analyze the data, partial least squares and Smart PLS-2 software were used. To assess the validity of the convergent validity, for the fitting reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used and its coefficient for all research structures was more than 0.7. The results show that perception of organizational policies has a positive and significant effect on anxiety, depression and amotivation. Anxiety and depression also have a positive and significant effect on the level of amotivation of the staff. But the results of the research showed a negative and significant relationship between the amotivation and the eudaimonic Wellbeing of the employees. Anxiety and depression also mediate the relationship between perception of organizational policies and amotivation. Keywords: Perception of Organizational Policies, Amotivation, Depression, Anxiety ,Eudaimonic Wellbeing of employee. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - ترجمه زبان درکلاس های درس هوانوردی : دیدگاه معلمان ESP
Farzad Akhgar Mohammad Ali Heidari Shahreza Mohammad Reza Talebinezhadهدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی هوانوردی ، در مورد ترجمه زبان در کلاس های AEمی باشد . ترجمه زبان تمرین زبانی است که از طریق آن زبان آموزان از دانش زبانی L1 خود برای اهداف معناسازی در L2 خود استفاده می کنند. شرکت کنندگان ده معلم بودند که دوره های EAP را ب Moreهدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی هوانوردی ، در مورد ترجمه زبان در کلاس های AEمی باشد . ترجمه زبان تمرین زبانی است که از طریق آن زبان آموزان از دانش زبانی L1 خود برای اهداف معناسازی در L2 خود استفاده می کنند. شرکت کنندگان ده معلم بودند که دوره های EAP را برای دانشجویان خلبان و مهندسان پرواز در مرکز آموزش هوانوردی ارتش واقع در اصفهان، ایران تدریس می کردند. به منظور بررسی ادراکات شرکت کنندگان در مورد ترجمه، از پرسشنامه اتخاذ شده ازیووایاپان (2019) استفاده شد. به منظور پاسخگویی به سؤالات پژوهش، پرسشنامه بین معلمان آموزش دهنده مطالب AE اجرا شد و به شرکت کنندگان به صورت آنلاین با استفاده از شبکه Edmodo آموزش داده شد. نتایج نشان داد که اکثر معلمان زبان AE علاقه ای به تشویق دانش آموزان به استفاده از زبان مادری خود در پاسخ به سؤالات خود ندارند. همچنین مشخص شد که استفاده از زبان مادری در کلاسهای AE برای ترویج کمک به همسالان در طول فعالیتها تشویق میشود. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که بیش از نیمی از معلمان AE استفاده زبانآموزان از زبان فارسی را برای کمک به همسالان در فعالیتها تقویت نکردند و مشکلات بیربط با محتوا را توضیح ندادند. با این حال، آنها به اهمیت ترجمه در این موقعیتهای خاص اذعان داشتند. اکثر معلمان زبان AE در پاسخ به سؤالات خود علاقه ای به تشویق دانش آموزان به استفاده از زبان مادری خود نداشتند. علاوه بر این، برخی از شرکت کنندگان معتقد بودند که می توان از فارسی برای توضیح واژگان در کلاس های زبان AE استفاده کرد. نتایج برخی مفاهیم برای معلمان زبان ESP و توسعه دهندگان مواد دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - امکان سنجی آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی از دیدگاه معلمان و دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی
رضیه بهروزیان ناصر غفوری سعیده آهنگریپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی ادراکات معلمان و دانشآموزان از امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی (CSs) در بین زبانآموزان پیش متوسطه انگلیسی بهعنوان یک زبان خارجی دارد. مروری بر ادبیات مرتبط نشان میدهد که آموزشپذیری CSs منبع بحث و جدل در میان محققان مختلف بوده است. شرکت کنندگان Moreپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی ادراکات معلمان و دانشآموزان از امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی (CSs) در بین زبانآموزان پیش متوسطه انگلیسی بهعنوان یک زبان خارجی دارد. مروری بر ادبیات مرتبط نشان میدهد که آموزشپذیری CSs منبع بحث و جدل در میان محققان مختلف بوده است. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش 20 معلم زبان انگلیسی و 110 دانشجوی آنها از سه دانشگاه و یک موسسه خصوصی در تبریز بودند. در این مطالعه ترکیبی از سه ابزار تحقیق برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شد: آزمون مهارت زبان، پرسشنامه اصلاح شده و مصاحبه ساختاریافته. مرحله کمی شامل اجرای پرسشنامه CSs در ابتدا و انتهای دوره و دستورالعمل های مربوط به این استراتژی ها به مدت 12 هفته بود. مرحله کیفی شامل تجزیه و تحلیل پاسخ های معلمان به مصاحبه و کدگذاری نظرات به صورت موضوعی توسط محقق بود. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل دادههای کمی با اجرای آزمون تی زوجی، مشخص شد که دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی امکان آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی را تأیید کرده و پیشنهاد میکنند که CSها قابل آموزش و مفید هستند. مفهوم مهم پژوهش این است که آموزش استراتژی عامل پیشرفت بوده و آموزش راهبردهای ارتباطی از نظر آموزشی امکان پذیر بوده و آموزش آنها برای دانش آموزان مفید است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - ارزیابی تعمیم پذیری اشتیاق معلمان زبان انگلیسی برای حرفه: شواهدی از ادراک معلمان و مدل MSA
Zohreh Sisiyan fazlolah Samimi Shahram Afrazدستیابی به موفقیت در آموزش زبان انگلیسی مستلزم آن است که معلمان ویژگی های اساسی متفاوتی را نشان دهند که شامل چندین ساختار اساسی و متقابل است. هدف از این مطالعه جهت دهی به خواننده و شناسایی اجمالی متغیرهای کلیدی اشتیاق معلمان بود که معلمان را به سمت موفقیت سوق می دهد. در Moreدستیابی به موفقیت در آموزش زبان انگلیسی مستلزم آن است که معلمان ویژگی های اساسی متفاوتی را نشان دهند که شامل چندین ساختار اساسی و متقابل است. هدف از این مطالعه جهت دهی به خواننده و شناسایی اجمالی متغیرهای کلیدی اشتیاق معلمان بود که معلمان را به سمت موفقیت سوق می دهد. در واقع، این تحقیق سعی در شناسایی مؤلفههای مدل شور و اشتیاق معلمان دارد که بر اساس ادراک معلمان و مدل MSA قابل گسترش است. این ویژگیهای معلمان انگلیسی موفق را که در پنج بعد مرکزی گنجانده شدهاند، همراه با ساختارهای زیربنایی آنها ترسیم میکند. داده های پژوهش با مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته جمع آوری شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از روش تحلیل محتوا استفاده شده است. با هدف تحقیق، این پژوهش 5 بعد از 22 زیر مؤلفه و 65 مفهوم را شناسایی کرد. ویژگی های فردی به عنوان بعد اول مطالعه تعیین شد. مولفه های فرعی تحت این دسته ها به عنوان «خودآگاهی»، «سبک زندگی شخصی» و «توانایی بالقوه» شناسایی می شوند. ویژگی های روانشناختی به عنوان بعد دوم مطالعه تعیین شد. مولفههای فرعی این دستهها شامل «مدیریت خشم»، «هیجان» «نگرش مثبت» و «انعطاف پذیری» بود. در نتیجه، معلمان علاقه زیادی به موفقیت، شرایط کاری مؤثر، تمایل دانش آموزان به یادگیری، خودمختارتر، عادلانه تر و اجرای مداوم در رابطه با رویکرد آموزشی داشتند. مطالعه حاضر می تواند مفاهیم عملی عمده ای را برای معلمان زبان، دانشجویان زبان و توسعه دهندگان مطالب ارائه دهد. در زمینه یادگیری زبان دوم، ایجاد احساسات مثبت و کاهش احساسات منفی هم از سوی معلمان و هم در زبان آموزان می تواند انگیزه، تلاش و موفقیت را افزایش دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - EFL Students’ Perceptions of Discussion-based Activities by Using Mobile Phone Technology
Tahereh Khezrab Reza Raissi ندا Hedayat -
Open Access Article
155 - Direct and Semi-Direct Validation: Test Takers’ Perceptions, Evaluations and Anxiety towards Speaking Module of an English Proficiency Test
Houman Bijani Mona Khabiri -
Open Access Article
156 - بررسی دیدگاههای زبان آموزان در مورد بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی نسبت به استفاده از حروف تعریف انگلیسی در گفتار
Lotfollah Samaee احسان رسایی محمد بوالیاین تحقیق دیدگاههای زبانآموزان ایرانی را در مورد دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی و صریح در گفتار بررسی میکند. بدین منظور، 30 نفر زبانآموز دختر سطح متوسط با دامنه سنی 15 تا 20 سال از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و با Moreاین تحقیق دیدگاههای زبانآموزان ایرانی را در مورد دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی و صریح در گفتار بررسی میکند. بدین منظور، 30 نفر زبانآموز دختر سطح متوسط با دامنه سنی 15 تا 20 سال از یک موسسه زبان در شهرستان بهبهان به طور تصادفی به دو گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح و بازخورد اصلاحی داربستی تقسیم شدند. این تحقیق با روش کیفی در قالب مجموعهای از مصاحبههای نیمه ساختار یافته به منظور بررسی عمیق دیدگاه زبانآموزان نسبت به دو نوع بازخورد اصلاحی مورد بحث انجام شد. یافتههای مصاحبه نشان داد که نیمی از زبانآموزان در گروه بازخورد اصلاحی صریح نسبت به این نوع بازخورد نگرشی مثبت داشتند در حالی که نیمی دیگر تمایل چندانی نداشتند. به همین ترتیب، تعداد زیادی از زبانآموزان در هر دو گروه معتقد بودند که بازخورد اصلاحی معلم، حواسشان را پرت میکند. با این حال، اکثریت قریب به اتفاق زبانآموزان در گروه داربستی این نوع بازخورد را مفید دانستند. کاربرد یافتهها نیز توضیح داده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - The Development of Children’s Visual Perception and Projection
Narges Ensanimehr Reza Pourhosein Masoud Gholamali LavasaniThe aim of this study was to investigate the Development of visual perception and projection in students. 129 students (60 boys, 69 girls) were selected from the second district of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397, using available sampling method. Participa MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the Development of visual perception and projection in students. 129 students (60 boys, 69 girls) were selected from the second district of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397, using available sampling method. Participants consisted of 44 preschoolers, 42 first-grade students, and 43 third grade students. The study design was causal-comparative and participants completed Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (Rey, 1941) and Tree Drawing Test (Koch, 1949). Then, Anova and Manova data analysis and Pierson correlation test were administered. The results indicated that children’s visual perception and projection develop with age and educational level. The results also showed that children with different ages differ in visual perception and projection and their performances improve as they grow older Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Merleau-Ponty's ‘Chiasm’ in Gary Snyder's Eco-Poems
BAHARE AARABI Negar Sharif Farid ParvanehThis research paper seeks to apply Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s eco-phenomenology to a selection of poems written by the American poet and environmental activist, Gary Snyder. 'Eco-phenomenology' is the point where philosophy and ecology meet. This almost new favored t MoreThis research paper seeks to apply Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s eco-phenomenology to a selection of poems written by the American poet and environmental activist, Gary Snyder. 'Eco-phenomenology' is the point where philosophy and ecology meet. This almost new favored trend in the academia’s perspective deals with the environmental issues from a phenomenological viewpoint. Dismantling Cartesian dualism and proposing the philosophy of 'chiasm,' Merleau-Ponty has contributed substantially to environmental ethics and has proved himself an inseparable part of eco-phenomenology.The present article focuses on one of Merleau-Ponty’s underlying theoretical premises, ‘chiasm’ to provide Snyder’s holistic and non-hierarchical worldview as the basis of his eco-poems and environmental activities. The present research paper, as a qualitative, descriptive, and library-based one, conducts both a textual and contextual analysis to bring to light a new discourse in Schneider's poetry with the focus on the mutual participation between human flesh and the ‘flesh of the world’ at moments of perception. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - symbolism of knowledge in Mulla sadra's thought
ahmad reza honariSymbolism is the method that’s used in two fields of existence and knowledge. In existence one thing consider as a symbol of a truth or meaning; and one of the important usage of symbolism in knowledge is expression and recognition metaphysical truth and meanings. MoreSymbolism is the method that’s used in two fields of existence and knowledge. In existence one thing consider as a symbol of a truth or meaning; and one of the important usage of symbolism in knowledge is expression and recognition metaphysical truth and meanings. Therefore, it has always been used in various religions and mystical schools. This way has a history in Islamic culture and civilization. We can find it in Suhrawardi’s illuminationist philosophical tradition and Islamic mysticism widely. Considering the effective position of Transcendental wisdom in Islamic wisdom this essay try to answer this questions that how’s the process of symbolism in knowledge in Mulla sadra’s thought? Is it possible to find a method for decoding and hermeneutic in Mulla sadra’s epistemology framework? Analyzing thoughts like imaginary perception, intuition, interpretation (Taa’wil), and self-knowledge, can aid us to access our aim. Therefore, the epistemology of Transcendental wisdom provide a framework in which the symbolism will be strong and rational and also prepare a criteria for evaluating and identifying correct and rational symbolism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Investigating Motahari's Critique of Allameh Tabatabai's Credit Perceptions in Ethics
aliasghar torkashvand abas gohariThe theory of credit perception was first put forward by Allameh Tabataba'i and is an interactive epistemological realism based on the epistemology, according to which our cognition is refined and evolved in the face of external reality. The concept of credit perception MoreThe theory of credit perception was first put forward by Allameh Tabataba'i and is an interactive epistemological realism based on the epistemology, according to which our cognition is refined and evolved in the face of external reality. The concept of credit perception is the result of the encounter of the symptom with the problem of the multiplication of perceptions, on the basis of which human perceptions are multiplied and, consequently, the nature of the moral propositions is explained, assuming in the initial understanding of the symptom reasoning for the validity of self-esteem and self-esteem. Subconsciously leads to normative relativism, Motahari's master confronts Allame's point of view while accepting the theory of credit by criticizing Allame's point of view and tries to prove the moral basis, and proposes a solution to the distinction between moral action and moral action. And I'm low on it Sun and the distinction between subjective and actual caliphate and current caliphate knows that, despite some criticisms, the reformist approach of Motahari may be helpful, while acknowledging that Allameh's pluralistic approach to the issue of ethics in credit perceptions is the way of dialogue. Holds it open to other cultures. In this study, while answering the question, what is Motahari's criticism of Allameh Tabatabai's ethics from the perspective of credit perceptions? Professor Motahari's view on ethics is also criticized from the perspective of credit perceptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Comparative study of sensory perception from the point of view Mulla Sadra and Hegel
payam aghasi azizolah afshar kermaniMulla Sadra and Hegel both regard sensory perception as the beginning of cognition. However, Mulla Sadra considers sensory, imaginary and rational stages for identification and considers the general perception after passing through the sensory and imaginary perception, MoreMulla Sadra and Hegel both regard sensory perception as the beginning of cognition. However, Mulla Sadra considers sensory, imaginary and rational stages for identification and considers the general perception after passing through the sensory and imaginary perception, that is, the general stage of cognition. But Hegel, from the outset, sees cognition through general concepts, and considers the conflict between detail and generality in this perception to be a factor in promoting perception to the next level. The comparison of sensory perception in Mulla Sadra and Hegel shows how accepting different foundations in the fields of logic, nature, and man can lead to the beginning of a single point to different ends.Sensory perception in Hegel is the beginning of the discovery of the conflict in human perceptual activity that ends in the unity of cognition and existence. But the advance of consciousness in Sadra's philosophy is in relation to man with reality and the passage of the lower existence to the higher and the higher transcendence and expansion of the existential level of the human being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Phenomenological synthesis of Avicenna’s epistemology (based on Husserl’s phenomenological foundations)
Mehdi Najafiafra shiva khalednezhadThis paper has tried to deliver a modern discussion on Avicenna’s epistemology on the basis of Husserl’s phenomenology, the main problems in Husserl’s are transcendence and correspondence which are considered by Muslim philosophers like Avicenna who tr MoreThis paper has tried to deliver a modern discussion on Avicenna’s epistemology on the basis of Husserl’s phenomenology, the main problems in Husserl’s are transcendence and correspondence which are considered by Muslim philosophers like Avicenna who tried to solve them by sensual intuition, knowledge in presence and theory of abstraction. Analysis of sensual perception and mental act due to perceive a phenomenon by mediator of the meaning as an reference for the knowledge with the intentional approach in respect of union between knower and the known parallel with Noema and Noesis can set Avicenna’s epistemology as a phenomenological approach which may be taken into consideration as a modern school in epistemology. Husserl’s phenomenological approach can be compared by Avicenna’s knowledge in presence. This paper tried to have a comparative study on Avicenna and Husserl’s epistemology by using analytical and descriptive method emphasizing on critical approach to the both.As a result it must be mentioned that Avicenna has approached to Husserl’s phenomenology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Analysis of “the Paradox of Sensory Knowledge” in Aristotle’s Philosophy
کرامت ورزدار Ahad Faramarz Gharamaleki Abd AlRasool KashfiIn Aristotle's philosophy, knowledge begins with the senses, and sensory perceptions bring knowledge to man through the activity of the "nous" faculty. Unlike Plato, Aristotle denies any innate knowledge; but on the other hand, he clearly states that sensory perceptions MoreIn Aristotle's philosophy, knowledge begins with the senses, and sensory perceptions bring knowledge to man through the activity of the "nous" faculty. Unlike Plato, Aristotle denies any innate knowledge; but on the other hand, he clearly states that sensory perceptions do not belong to knowledge and one cannot acquire knowledge to the senses. This creates a paradox in Aristotle's philosophy. If sensory perceptions do not belong to knowledge, how does knowledge arise from "what does not belong to knowledge" and because of the lack of which component of "knowledge", these perceptions do not belong to "knowledge"? According to the authors, the solution to this paradox goes back to the definition of "knowledge" and the possible role of sensory perceptions in the emergence of knowledge in Aristotle. Aristotle does not consider knowledge to be merely "justified true belief" but narrows the scope of "knowledge" to other conditions such as necessity and causality. Therefore, although belief in sensations is a true belief, but these perceptions do not belong to "knowledge" due to the lack of the condition of generality and causality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - The Visionary Approach of Mullā Sadrā to the Intellectual Perception
محمدکاظم رضا زاده جودیIntellectual perception, imaginative perception and sensuous perception are three parts of human cognition. Mullā Sadrā believes that these perceptions are obtained by natural transformation of the self and its progression through the higher degrees of existence and its MoreIntellectual perception, imaginative perception and sensuous perception are three parts of human cognition. Mullā Sadrā believes that these perceptions are obtained by natural transformation of the self and its progression through the higher degrees of existence and its union with the active intellect or Plato’s ideal forms. This would be realized either by observing the forms in the active intellect or through the reflection of forms in the self. Mullā Sadrā agrees with the latter suggestion. This article tries to survey the concept of intellectual perception and its characteristics and nature from the viewpoint of Mullā Sadrā. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - The impact of AllamehTabatabai’s derivative perceptions theory on philosophy and ethics
Reza Bani asadiOne of Allameh Tabatabai’s significant innovations in the philosophy is derivative Perceptions Theory. In this theory, he has classified the derivative perceptions into three categories: the quality of the emerging of derivative sciences by human being, the qualit MoreOne of Allameh Tabatabai’s significant innovations in the philosophy is derivative Perceptions Theory. In this theory, he has classified the derivative perceptions into three categories: the quality of the emerging of derivative sciences by human being, the quality of the origination of multiplicity in the sciences and the quality of the relationship between derivative sciences and real and true effects. Epistemologically, this theory can affect profoundly many issues in several sciences, or at least it is supposed to have such impacts on some areas. As far as effectiveness is concerned, the theory can be compared to or at least be considered close to Mollasadra’s Theory of substantial movement. This paper attempts to explain the impacts of this theory on different sciences, it briefly explains the impacts of derivative perceptions theory on philosophy and ethics. Some critics about these impacts are also addressed in the paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Body and its nexus to the Perception in Mulla’s perspective
Ali Reza Hassan pour Zahra EmamyIslamic philosophers, particularly, Peripatetic, on the basis of relation between the soul and the body and their essence, have regarded the perception as the act of the soul, not of the body. Accordingly, the soul's knowledge to the body is the acquired knowledge. Howe MoreIslamic philosophers, particularly, Peripatetic, on the basis of relation between the soul and the body and their essence, have regarded the perception as the act of the soul, not of the body. Accordingly, the soul's knowledge to the body is the acquired knowledge. However, Mulla Sadra maintains that the soul's knowledge to the body is like a self-consciousness which should be considered as knowledge by presence. He holds that the body is not only the object of the soul's knowledge by presence and its self-consciousness, but also it contributes to all levels of perception; so far once the body has been faced a disorder, every level of perception, even the rational one, will be subjected to change. In this paper, firstly, Sadra’s doctrine on the types of body will be explained, and then we will deal with the problem of soul's knowledge to the body and the role of body in perception. Secondly, we will come to the conclusion that the body is the one stage of the soul's various levels, not a substance separated from it. This allows us to assert that the role and the contribution of the body in perception, though not the same as that of the soul in perception, it is not less than that; and one detaches from the idea that the soul plays the role in perception solely. In fact, Sadra’s knowledge of the soul is not merely a suvey of the soul; it is also an explanation of the human essence which is not plausible without paying attention to corporeal dimension of human being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - The role of the body in appearance of sensory perception in Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra’s perspectives
Javad Parsaee Hossein GhafariThe first level in acquired knowledge which is achieved by human beings, is sensory knowledge. By sensual knowledge, the imaginary and rational knowledge are made. Hence, discussion on the quality of sensual perception is important. Since the sensory knowledge is provid MoreThe first level in acquired knowledge which is achieved by human beings, is sensory knowledge. By sensual knowledge, the imaginary and rational knowledge are made. Hence, discussion on the quality of sensual perception is important. Since the sensory knowledge is provided by external senses, the question arises about the process of emergence of perceptions, what role does the body and its faculties play? Do the body and its faculties have played a role in itself or by accident? Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra's discussion on psychology and knowledge and perception has certain principles which lead to the different views on this issue. first of all, in this paper Mulla Sadra and Avicenna’s elements on the question have been explained and then their approach to the body role in appearance of sensual knowledge has been taken into consideration. As a result, according to Avicenna’s sensual perception is material and done by the brain, therefore, the body and its faculties have the main role in emergence of the perception, but according to Mulla Sadra, sensual perception is immaterial entirely, and body and its faculties are regarded as an instrument and preparatory cause. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - The critical analysis of the truth of moral propositions in the light of the explanation of human acts
Reza kayed khordeh Ghasem ali kouchnaniThe destiny of many issues in the moral philosophy is tied to this subject namely the truth of moral propositions. There are two main theories about it; some believe that the universal principles of ethics reflect the external world and the others deny that. Confliction MoreThe destiny of many issues in the moral philosophy is tied to this subject namely the truth of moral propositions. There are two main theories about it; some believe that the universal principles of ethics reflect the external world and the others deny that. Conflictions between these scholars have been continued intensively, to now. According to the author, this problem in moral philosophy will be solved basically by Anthropology. In the other word, for the proponents of the reflective moral propositions, only will be two options: 1) they have to show that the ethical issues can also be resolved without discussing on the reflective elements. 2) Or at least they need to explain that the non-reflective elements must be ignored in the moral general principles. Therefore, for judging appropriately between these two groups, should be discussed on two affairs: "the necessity of abstractive perceptions" and " the criteria of derivation" .The other group, in the light of the explanation of voluntary human actions, proves that above mentioned ways are blocked. Firstly, human actions cannot be explained without believing in derivative perceptions, secondly, ethical propositions, particularly the universal principles, have standard of the derivation, therefore they are abstractive and non-reflective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Metaphysical Auditory Perception in Mulla Sadra’s perspective
Abdollah Salavati Shahnaz Shayan farAccording to the authors, metaphysical auditory perception, as one of the philosophical Predications, is a perception in which immaterial agent presents as the complimentary of the auditory perception. There are no coherent and independent discussion MoreAccording to the authors, metaphysical auditory perception, as one of the philosophical Predications, is a perception in which immaterial agent presents as the complimentary of the auditory perception. There are no coherent and independent discussions in the Muslim philosophers’ works in general and Mulla Sadra particularly on the metaphysical auditory perception as one of the ways of understanding. So far, Independent research has not been written in this field. At this query based on interior possibilities of Mulla Sadra’s metaphysics and his scattered sayings - component and elements of metaphysical auditory perception has been considered. The main questions, in the research are: What meanings and levels of metaphysical auditory perception, have been proposed in Mulla Sadra’s philosophy? How can we explain unusual levels of metaphysical auditory perception by using his own metaphysics? Some achievements of the query include: in Mullasadra’s theosophy, three levels of metaphysical auditory perception and five features of the perception can be found and concluded. Also, accordingly another characteristic entitled "God witnesses on all hearings" in metaphysical auditory perception has been observed and approved in two approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Rethinking Security Institutions from the Perspective of International Relations Theories
Tahereh EbrahimifarInternational Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the r MoreInternational Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the rationalist perspective to the Reflectivity one, IR theorization after the Cold War developed the study of the security institutions. In the context of the Post-cold War era, one can consider the security institutions from the Rationalist/ reflectivity perspectives based on a theoretical synthesis including Neoliberal Institutionalism, Defensive Realism, English School, Constructivism and Copenhagen School. In this article, authors attempt to apply the five concepts of interests, threat perceptions, society, identity and urgency from the aforementioned theories respectively on the amount of explication entity of security institutions after the Cold War. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Rethinking Security Institutions from the Perspective of International Relations Theories
Faeze Moradi Haghighi Ahmad Movaseghi GilaniAbstract: International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting MoreAbstract: International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the rationalist perspective to the Reflectivity one, IR theorization after the Cold War developed the study of the security institutions. In the context of the Post-cold War era, one can consider the security institutions from the Rationalist/ reflectivity perspectives based on a theoretical synthesis including Neoliberal Institutionalism, Defensive Realism, English School, Constructivism and Copenhagen School. In this article, authors attempt to apply the five concepts of interests, threat perceptions, society, identity and urgency from the aforementioned theories respectively on the amount of explication entity of security institutions after the Cold War. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Development of a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliances consumers (Case study: home appliances consumers in Mashhad)
saeed ahmadian seyed kamran Nourbakhsh Ghasemali Bazayee Seyed Abbas HeydariProduct safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-an MoreProduct safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-analytical, using a mixed-method approach. In this research, content analysis, interpretive structural modeling technique, structural equations using partial minimum squares were employed. Data library research and exploratory interviews, questionnaires were used. In the cognitive and design phases were statistical population Experts and In evaluation, phase home appliances consumers in Mashhad. Theoretical and convenience sampling methods were employed in this study. The Validity through content Validity, partial minimum squares was measured. Reliability obtained test-retest reliability, intercoder reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Combined reliability were evaluated. The model of perception of safety for home appliance consumers was accepted with 95% reliability. Designing a conceptual model based on a comprehensive set of significant factors develops the theoretical literature in this field; it presents valuable results for academicians, marketing managers, and producers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - The effect of customers' perception of celebrity online branding on customers' purchase intention with the moderating role of perceived product quality
Arash Beigi Zahra DashtlaaliIn the era of competition, one of the marketing communication strategies is to use celebrity endorsements on social networks. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of customers' perception of online branding of celebrities on customers MoreIn the era of competition, one of the marketing communication strategies is to use celebrity endorsements on social networks. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of customers' perception of online branding of celebrities on customers' purchase intention with the role of moderator of perceived product quality. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in nature, survey. The statistical population of the study was Iranian users of the Instagram social network in the whole country, and 384 people were selected in a non-random way through Cochran's formula. The main tool of data collection was a questionnaire, and its validity was confirmed by using scientific components by experts, and its reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha test. The findings showed: customers' perception of online branding of famous people has an effect on customers' purchase intention with the moderating role of perceived product quality. The effect of virtual interaction, ideal match and actual match with oneself on customers' purchase intention was confirmed. Also, perceived product quality moderates the effect of virtual interaction, ideal self-congruity and actual self-congruity on customers' purchase intention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - The Effect of Auditors’ Inception of Ethical Culture on Professional Values in AuditFirms
zahed ahmadzadeh ahmad Yaghoub NezhadAbstractThe purpose of this study analyzes auditors’ inception of ethical culture. In doing so, the impact of auditors’ inception of ethical culture on professional values in audit firms has been investigated.As theories of moral psychology and organizationa MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study analyzes auditors’ inception of ethical culture. In doing so, the impact of auditors’ inception of ethical culture on professional values in audit firms has been investigated.As theories of moral psychology and organizational behavior claim professional attitudes and behaviors do not depend solely on individual beliefs, but are also influenced by organizational contexts.In order to test research hypotheses, the information of partners, managers, and supervisors of Trusted Auditing Firms of Central Insurance Organization of Iran with the purposive sampling method in 2020 are gathered and analyzed. Furthermore, the questionnaire is used to gather the required data that its validity is confirmed by professional experts. Then the AMOS 24 and Spss24 software are used for analyzing purposes mainly with respect to the model of structural equation. The results of the study Confirm the significant positive relation between auditors’ perception of ethical culture in audit firms and auditors’ commitment to public interest. However, there is a negative relation between auditors’ perception of ethical culture in audit firms and their level of participation in unprofessional behavior. In addition, based on the evidence, there is a meaningful positive relation between ethical acceptance of unprofessional affairs and the participation in an unprofessional behavior.The findings show that auditors’ perception of ethical culture in audit firms could be an influential factor in reducing auditors’ moral deviation and boosting auditors’ commitment to public interest, as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - The Effect of Trust in Government on Voluntary Compliance of Taxpayers with the Mediating Role of Tax Justice Perception
Farnaz Hajmahmood attar Vahid AraeiAbstract The importance and need for tax compliance and identification of new taxpayers has increased more and more according to the conditions of the economic environment, and all governments around the world should try to achieve the desired result to meet the amount MoreAbstract The importance and need for tax compliance and identification of new taxpayers has increased more and more according to the conditions of the economic environment, and all governments around the world should try to achieve the desired result to meet the amount of tax revenue.In this study, the effect of trust in government on voluntary obedience of taxpayers is considered by considering the mediating role of tax justice perception. The present paper is descriptive-survey and correlational in terms of data relationships. The statistical population was private companies whose taxpayers referred to the General Directorate of Tax Affairs of Tehran Center in the winter quarter, the total number of which was 33162. The sample size was performed using Cochran's formula and according to the technique of structural equations between 5 and 15 times the number of measures, ie 240 people, using stratified sampling method. Data collection tool is a questionnaire that after confirming its validity by calculating the Lashae coefficient and performing confirmatory factor analysis technique and its reliability by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, structural equation technique has been used in laser software to investigate research hypotheses. The findings show that trust in the government influences the voluntary compliance of taxpayers with regard to the mediating role of tax justice perception. Confidence in government influences the voluntary obedience and perception of tax justice of taxpayers. The perception of tax justice also affects the voluntary obedience of taxpayers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Predicting the tendency to smoke based on control perception by risk perception
fateme zarei afsane taheri Nastaran SharifyAbstractSmoking is one of the serious threats to health and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current research is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population included all 45,000 employees of Tehran Municipality who were working and serving MoreAbstractSmoking is one of the serious threats to health and one of the main causes of death worldwide. The current research is descriptive and correlational and its statistical population included all 45,000 employees of Tehran Municipality who were working and serving in 2019, and 215 people were selected as the sample population using cluster sampling method.. To collect research data from the smoking tendency questionnaire of Shur et al. (2000), the cognitive evaluation questionnaire of high-risk incidents from Froom et al. (1997), and the cognitive control questionnaire of Tetrick and Laraco (1987) and for the purpose of statistical analysis of the data. The structural equation analysis method was used. According to the results, the proposed model for predicting the tendency to smoke based on perceptual control with the mediation of risk perception had sufficient fit. Risk perception had a partial mediating role in relation to cognitive control and tendency to smoke.Findings: Based on the results obtained in this study, it is possible to reduce the tendency to smoke by helping people to have perceptual control and also to increase risk perception Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - A Model Test of Effective Factors on Political Behaviors in Sports Ministry and Federations in 1395
robab mokhtari alimohammad safania Hossein poursoltan zarandiThe purpose of this study was to design and test a model of factors influencing political behaviours in the sports industry. The present research is applied in the field of survey method in terms of the purpose of data collection. The statistical population of the surve MoreThe purpose of this study was to design and test a model of factors influencing political behaviours in the sports industry. The present research is applied in the field of survey method in terms of the purpose of data collection. The statistical population of the survey includes all employees (1498) of the Ministry of Sports and federations. Among them, 705 people were randomly selected as research sample. Data collection was done by distributing the questionnaire. The staff completed the questionnaire of Machiavellism, self-esteem, control centre, job independence, feedback, and variety of skills, relationship with the manager, focus, formalization, and participation in decision making, procedural justice and perception of organizational politics. SPSS version 19 and PLS software were used to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses. The findings showed that the proposed model has good fit with the data. In addition, the role of mediating perceptions of organizational politics and the moderating role of political will was confirmed. In organizations, politics is a fact of life. Those who can not understand political behaviours cannot understand the fact that the organization is a political system. Therefore, organizations have to move towards becoming a politician, and managers in this regard must make the necessary efforts in order to achieve organizational goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Investigation Of The Relationship Between The Structure Of Public Buildings And changes The Psychological Security Of Residents
Jafar Yousefpour Mehdi Mahmoudi kamel abad Siyamak PanahiThis study seeks to revisit the structure and architecture relationship to enhance architects' understanding, human perception, and human security by recounting the operating system process for resolving the relationship between architecture and architecture, and to try MoreThis study seeks to revisit the structure and architecture relationship to enhance architects' understanding, human perception, and human security by recounting the operating system process for resolving the relationship between architecture and architecture, and to try to explain structural concepts in order to better understand them. Human perception of the environment is one of the most central issues in environmental psychology and a sense of security is a social-psychological phenomenon. They are a process by which human beings select the necessary data based on their needs and direct and indirect experiences of the conditions of the environment around them. Without knowing the effective factors, it will not be possible to provide a sense of social security for people in the community. Was. Architects have always faced the problem of not understanding structural concepts, because concepts that can be applied to the structure of an applied architecture do not exist or are scattered. In this descriptive-analytical research, a survey was conducted with a sample of 78 experts and a sample of 78 people. The results showed that the stability and resistance to psychological and physical security, physical security technology, The geometry of safety, the balance of social security, the integration of physical security, the compatibility of psychological security cannot be demonstrated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - The role of Sensory Perception Components on Promotion of the Sense of Place in the Historical Bazaar of Tabriz Community
Fatemeh Sadat Gheibi Azadeh Shahcheraghi Alireza BandarabadSense of place is a vital social-urban concept fostering a unique, bidirectional relationship between humans and their environment. Perception, a mental process, imbues sensory experiences with meaning, helping humans comprehend relationships and object meanings. This s MoreSense of place is a vital social-urban concept fostering a unique, bidirectional relationship between humans and their environment. Perception, a mental process, imbues sensory experiences with meaning, helping humans comprehend relationships and object meanings. This study focuses on the sensory perception process in the Tabriz historical Bazaar community, aiming to explore the role of sensory components in promoting the sense of place. The research, an applied type, utilizes a survey method with a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The methodology involves collecting library information and using existing documents for theoretical studies. Field studies employ questionnaire, observation, and focus on environmental information. The case study centers on the Tabriz historical Bazaar community, with the statistical population comprising Bazaar users selected through random sampling in January 2022. Results indicate that sensory perception components significantly affect the sense of place in the Tabriz historical Bazaar. Notably, chemical sense, sense of hearing, and body sense exhibit the highest correlation with the overall sense of place in this vibrant community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - Investigating the relationship between risk sentiment of annual reports and investor risk perception
mehdi mirzania nokhandan akram taftiyanSentiment risk factors at the market level include a small portion of possible factors that include factors related to competition, suppliers, employees and customers, financing, foreign operations, regulations, lawsuits, governance, the environment. The severity of thi MoreSentiment risk factors at the market level include a small portion of possible factors that include factors related to competition, suppliers, employees and customers, financing, foreign operations, regulations, lawsuits, governance, the environment. The severity of this disclosure gap is only addressed by regulatory efforts that require companies to discuss their quantitative and qualitative assessments of perceived risks and uncertainties. One of dimensions of behavioral finance is behavioral risk, which is also known mental risk or perceived risk; which actually the investors' subjective judgment of the risk, which may be estimated more or less than the real risk. The main purpose of the present research is investigate the relationship between the risk Sentiment annual reports and the investor's risk Sentiment, which was conducted based on data of companies admitted the Tehran Stock Exchange in 13-year period between 2007 and 2019. To test the hypotheses of the research, the system of simultaneous equations and the analysis of two-stage regression coefficients have been used. The estimation results indicate that there significant relationship between the change in the standard deviation of monthly returns, the change in beta risk, and the change the volume of stock transactions with changes in risk Sentiment of annual reports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - The effect of financial literacy and risk perception on investment delection in tehran stock exchange
ATENA HASANZADEH Abdolmajid Dehghan mohsen alikhaniThe purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting investment decisions and to investigate the relationship between the level of financial literacy of investors and their investment decisions. This is a correlation study and a questionnaire was used to colle MoreThe purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting investment decisions and to investigate the relationship between the level of financial literacy of investors and their investment decisions. This is a correlation study and a questionnaire was used to collect data. This questionnaire identifies the factors affecting investor decisions, as well as assesses the level of financial literacy and risk perception of investors. The results show that individual mentality, accounting information, economic information, and personal financial needs affect investment decisions in Iran. While there is no meaningful relationship between financial literacy and investor decisions. It was also determined that age, gender, marital status does not have a significant relationship with investors' decisions, but the level of education has a direct and meaningful relationship with the financial literacy of investors. In addition, the result shows that taking into account the level of risk perception of investors, their risk appetite is influenced by their investment decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Consumers’ Perception Towards Buying Processed Cashew Nuts in India: An Investigation into Factors Determining Purchase Intension using Structural Equation Modelling
Kalee Pattanayak Brijlal Mallik Sudhakar Tripathy -
Open Access Article
183 - Knowledge and Barriers to Insulin Therapy among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients from their Perspective
Helen Williams Srinivasan Ranganathan -
Open Access Article
184 - The Impact of Personality Characteristics on Risk Perception of stock exchange Investors; Analyzing the Risk Intermediation Role
ahmad nategh golestan Naser ZeinabiThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of personality traits on risk perception with regard to the mediating role of risk appetite among investors in the Mashhad Stock Exchange. Because the perception of risk and willingness to risk and the type of risk expos MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of personality traits on risk perception with regard to the mediating role of risk appetite among investors in the Mashhad Stock Exchange. Because the perception of risk and willingness to risk and the type of risk exposure in different people are affected by the personality traits of different people, In this study, 5 hypotheses have been designed that by referring to 54 brokerages located in Mashhad, the number of community members was estimated at 411 people. Based on this Cochran's formula and the relations between them, the sample size of 117 people was determined. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that only the characteristics of extroversion and personality openness of individuals through their willingness to risk affect their risk perception and the characteristics of neuroticism, conscientiousness and adaptation of individuals through willingness. Their risk does not affect their perception of risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - The Intertextual Perusal of Allameh Hassan Zadeh Amoli's Mystical Poetry with the Holy Qur'an
Javad Abedi Hossein Parsaee Reza Forsati JooybariAbstract The theory of intertextuality is one of the most prolific subjects on literary criticism; it is one of the items which adds exquisite beauty to the literary works. Affectability of the poets and writers fr MoreAbstract The theory of intertextuality is one of the most prolific subjects on literary criticism; it is one of the items which adds exquisite beauty to the literary works. Affectability of the poets and writers from each other's texts and exploring them are really enjoyable. Allameh Hassan Zadeh Amoli's poetry is replete of mystical implications, Qur'anic and traditional themes. His poetry is saturated with mystical themes and is surveyable with the intertextual approach. In this paper, we have tried to analyze his poetry in mystical implications and themes which have rich supporting, by comparative analytical-descriptive method. Therefore, his mystical poetry is perusalled based on intertextuality with the Holy Qur'an. Allameh has tried, in addition to revealing his own feelings in poetry, to deal with belief problems and the Qur'anic Islamic manners. By scrutinizing in the poetry of Allameh one can see various kinds of intertextual relationship including: allusive, inspirational, thematical, technical, trivial and lexical. But by the sequence, the relationship of inspirational, thematical, lexical, trivial and technical are of the conspicuous ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - The influence of auditory perception in measurement of blood pressure among specialist physicians
saeid Nazmi Davoud KarimiBackground: Assessment of blood pressure is one of the basics of physical examination that usually is performed by indirect auscultatory method using a mercury manometer. Mercury manometer is the gold standard instrument for blood pressure measurement. Several factors m MoreBackground: Assessment of blood pressure is one of the basics of physical examination that usually is performed by indirect auscultatory method using a mercury manometer. Mercury manometer is the gold standard instrument for blood pressure measurement. Several factors may cause observational error in assessment of blood pressure. Correct and reliable evaluation of blood pressure has a great role in diagnosis and treatment of diseases, so we decided to evaluate the role of auditory perception in measurement of blood pressure after excluding or matching of other interventional factors. Method and materials: seventy specialists in Aria and 22 Bahman hospitals were enrolled in this study. 41 cases were selected randomly using the table of randomized numbers by SPSS software. All cases underwent PTA and tympanometry in order to exclude those with hearing problems. A standard method for assessment of blood pressure was explained for remaining cases and then they recorded the blood pressure of four patients which were presented in a film. Each film was repeated 10 times in a randomized pattern so observers were compared with others and also themselves. Finally, statistical analysis was performed. Results: comparing different observers showed statistically significant differences between observers. Mean interobservers standard error was 9.4 mmHg for systolic blood pressure and 20.5 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure and 16.1 mmHg for mean blood pressure. Comparing observers recordings for each case by themselves, didn’t show any statistically significant difference. Conclusion: according to significant differences between observers, we suggest a new method for assessment of blood pressure that is independent of observers’ auditory perception. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - The Effect of Parental Physical Activity on Children's Physical Activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support
Narges Azam nezami ali zarei farshad tojari hamid sajadiAbstractThe main purpose was to investigate the effect of parental physical activity on children's physical activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support. The statistical population consisted of 9-11-year-old male and female students in Tehr MoreAbstractThe main purpose was to investigate the effect of parental physical activity on children's physical activity: the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support. The statistical population consisted of 9-11-year-old male and female students in Tehran and their parents (299610). Based on Morgan table, 384 students were selected and 400 questionnaires were distributed through cluster sampling. In this study, physical activity questionnaires for children of Kowalski et al. (1997), children's perceptions of parental support Wilk et al. (2018), and Physical Activity for parental of Craig et al.(2003)questionnaires were used. Results showed that parental physical activity (β = 0.12, t = 1.19) had no significant effect on children's physical activity. However, parental physical activity (β = 0.23, t = 2.36) on children's perception of parental support, and children's perception of parental support (t = 4.51, β = 0.39) on children's physical activity had a significant positive effect. Finally, the mediating role of children's perceptions of parental support on the impact of parental physical activity on children's physical activity was confirmed and the research model showed a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Risk perception, behavioral biases and investment decisions
Hanieh Jaberi Seyed Javad dellavari@razi.ac.ir Saman MohamadiBehavioral finance is one of the key topics in the field of finance and economics, which has a special attraction for scientific research. One of the determining factors of market movements is the sentiments of investors. In this context, it is important to study the ro MoreBehavioral finance is one of the key topics in the field of finance and economics, which has a special attraction for scientific research. One of the determining factors of market movements is the sentiments of investors. In this context, it is important to study the role of behavioral biases in shaping investors' decisions and its impact on market efficiency. The current research seeks to find the effect of the most important behavioral biases, the effect of tendency and herd behavior, considering the factor of risk perception on investors' decisions. The data of this research was collected through a questionnaire that was distributed among 384 stock market investors, also partial least square (PLS) method was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the effect of desire, herd behavior and risk perception have a positive and significant effect on investment decisions. Also, there is a negative and significant relationship between the effect of willingness and risk perception, finally it was found that herd behavior also has a significant effect on risk perception. In general, these results emphasize that behavioral and cognitive factors have an important impact on investment decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - On Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Classroom Management: Knowledge and Practice in Focus
Zohreh Jafari Leila Anjomshoa Neda FatehiRadThis qualitative study aimed to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management. Thirty Iranian EFL teachers teaching at different private institutes and universities in Iran participated in this study via convenience sampling from different virtual groups thr MoreThis qualitative study aimed to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management. Thirty Iranian EFL teachers teaching at different private institutes and universities in Iran participated in this study via convenience sampling from different virtual groups through WhatsApp or Telegram. The required data were collected through a semi-structured interview and an open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through thematic analysis using MAXQDA. The results showed that EFL teachers attributed their knowledge of classroom management to the following resources: academic knowledge, personal opinions, past experiences, professional events, contextual interpretations, and feedback. The results also revealed that EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management were grouped into a range of aspects, including responses to students’ misbehavior, class communication, fulfillment of learner expectations, time management, care for and attention to learners, giving and receiving feedback, interactions with students’ families, flexibility, accountability and commitment, lesson planning, group work planning, and professional ethics. The findings have implications for EFL teachers, teacher educators, supervisors, and teacher education curriculum planners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Comparing EFL Language Teachers and Students’ Perceptions of Teacher’s Interpersonal Behavior: A Case Study in an Online Iranian Context
Emad Omidpour Mohammad Bavali Fatemeh BehjatTeachers’ interpersonal behavior and the way it is perceived are considered to be determining factors in the quality of any educational context. However, due to the lack of face-to-face interactions in an online context, this issue is under question. Since this phenomen MoreTeachers’ interpersonal behavior and the way it is perceived are considered to be determining factors in the quality of any educational context. However, due to the lack of face-to-face interactions in an online context, this issue is under question. Since this phenomenon has not been studied in an online environment, the primary objective of the present case study was to explore how experienced EFL teachers and their students perceived teacher interpersonal behavior in online classes and the extent to which the two groups’ perceptions either converged or diverged in six selected online classes in Shiraz, Iran. The samples of the study were six EFL teachers and their respective 106 language students. To gather the data, The Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) was administered to both groups to assess the eight scales of interpersonal behavior and dimensions. To analyze the data, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the two groups in terms of interpersonal behavior dimensions and scales. Accordingly, the results revealed that the EFL teachers and their students perceived the teachers to be moderately dominant and highly cooperative. There was a high level of convergence between the experienced teachers and their students’ perceptions of interpersonal behavior in terms of the Influence and Proximity dimensions. The Student Responsibility Freedom and Strict scales, however, were rated higher by teachers than their students. Following the findings, the present case study provides particular implications in the field of applied linguistics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Investigating the impact of investment behavior in Iran's capital market during the Covid-19 pandemic
Mohammad baghr Khalgi Saeed HosseipourThe purpose of this study is to determine the impact of investment behavior on financial markets during the covid-19 in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The current research is descriptive, quantitative and applied, and the data was collected using a quest MoreThe purpose of this study is to determine the impact of investment behavior on financial markets during the covid-19 in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The current research is descriptive, quantitative and applied, and the data was collected using a questionnaire from 120 investors in the Tehran stock market. The findings showed that the perception of risk, satisfaction and profitability rate have an effect on financial risk and general risk in relation to tolerance in the stock market. Also, the uncertainty of covid-19 moderates the relationship between risk perception and financial risk and the perception of risk and public risk relative to tolerance in the stock market, and similarly, the uncertainty of covid-19 moderates the relationship between satisfaction and financial risk and satisfaction and risk. The public adjusts the tolerance in the stock market. As financial institutions and the government take actions that indicate a reduction in financial risk, such as a reduction in investors and wealth. However, the world economy is mostly affected by Covid-19, while the financial markets are also affected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - The role of text type on the use of metacognitive reading strategies: Iranian EFL learners' perceptions in focus
Somayeh Nilforoushan Mojgan Rashtchi Gholam-Reza AbbasianThe current study used a qualitative methodology to examine how Iranian EFL learners practically applied Metacognitive Reading Strategies (MRs) when reading narrative and expository English texts. The study also investigated the participants' perceptions of the impact o MoreThe current study used a qualitative methodology to examine how Iranian EFL learners practically applied Metacognitive Reading Strategies (MRs) when reading narrative and expository English texts. The study also investigated the participants' perceptions of the impact of text type on using MRs while reading narrative and expository English passages. The researchers selected 40 intermediate EFL learners studying TEFL at Islamic Azad University and Farhangyan University using purposive sampling as focused participants. The instruments employed included the Oxford Placement Test, semi-structured interviews, and think-aloud protocols. The data analysis involved theme-based analysis. The think-aloud protocol analysis indicated that participants employed multiple strategies when engaging with the expository text compared to the narrative text. The finding suggested that text types affected readers` overall performance. The semi-structured interviews revealed that learner's perceptions of text type played a vital role in reading different text types. The practical implications of the study were also discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - A physical experience of the gender difference in the behavior and sensory perceptions of elementary school students about the home environment and family behavior with an emphasis on educational management (a case study of 7-9 year old girls and boy
Seyed Kasra Mirpadyab Moein Adham Kasmaei Mohammadreza Tabadar Mohammadreza Khoshzadeh MarkeThis research seeks to achieve a correct analysis with the observation and experience of the author's body to understand the gender difference in elementary school students' behavior and perception of the concept of home and family in their drawings. In order to see how MoreThis research seeks to achieve a correct analysis with the observation and experience of the author's body to understand the gender difference in elementary school students' behavior and perception of the concept of home and family in their drawings. In order to see how the child understands the existence of himself and his family inside the home. Therefore, like a native among the natives, the author tried to be present among the primary school students and in addition, he examined their behavior. The gender differentiation of their perception while drawing children's drawings has been explored. In this study, the statistical population was 172 children in elementary school, 86 boys and 86 girls. The data has been presented and analyzed with ethnographic narratives in the form of field note-comment anthology units, and then by analyzing the content of the students' paintings, we identified the parameters of their gender perception and the level of accuracy in drawing each gender. We analyzed the parameters. The results are in accordance with the previous studies on the gender difference in perception and show that children have a correct understanding of size, age, proportions and facts, and girls, unlike boys, pay attention to the beauty of appearance, details of clothes, and boys are more realistic in their drawings. They turn and the vehicle is seen in their drawings. The results are in accordance with the previous studies on the gender difference in perception and show that children have a correct understanding of size, age, proportions and facts, and girls, unlike boys, pay attention to the beauty of appearance, details of clothes, and boys are more realistic in their drawings. They turn and the vehicle is seen in their drawings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - The Effects of Creativity, Intelligence and Personality Traits on the Appreciation of Shahriar’s and Vahabzadeh’s Poems among Single and Male Youth between the Age of 17 and 18 in Iran and Azerbaijan
Mansour Asheghi Abstract: In the present research, the researcher sought the effects of creativity, intelligence, and personality traits on the appreciation of Shahriar’s and Vahabzadeh’s poems among the single and male youth between the age 17 and 18 in Iran and Aze More Abstract: In the present research, the researcher sought the effects of creativity, intelligence, and personality traits on the appreciation of Shahriar’s and Vahabzadeh’s poems among the single and male youth between the age 17 and 18 in Iran and Azerbaijan. The main question of the research was: can creativity, intelligence, and personality characteristics decrease the degree of understanding? In order to answer the main question of the research, the following null hypothesis was created. Creativity, intelligence, and personality characteristics affect the appreciation of Shahriar’s and Vahabzadeh’s poems among single and male youth. The methodology of the present study was descriptive and survey. The population of the research included the whole youth community of Iran and Azerbaijan from which the researcher chose 120 young people from Iran and 120 young people from Azerbaijan who were male and single at the time. The instruments used in this research involved Torense creativity test, Estanford-Bineh intelligence criteria, NEO personality Traits, and rhythmic poems, all of which had more than 70 percent of validity and reliability indices. Finally, using the multivariate regression model, the findings showed that there is a meaningful positive relation between creativity, fluid analysis, flexibility and the degree of understanding, so that, with the increase in creativity, fluid analysis, knowledge, their ability to appreciate Shahriar’s and Vahabzadeh’s poems increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - relationships and perceived corporate reputation on employees engagement in Tuka Foolad Investment (Holding) Company
mohammad reza karimiMethods:In terms of purpose, the research method was applied and was descriptive correlational as regards the method of data collection Results: The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between motivating language and symmetrical comm MoreMethods:In terms of purpose, the research method was applied and was descriptive correlational as regards the method of data collection Results: The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between motivating language and symmetrical communications with the coefficient value of 0.41, between motivating language and transparent communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.48, between two-way symmetrical communications and transparent organizational communication perceptions with the coefficient value of 0.26, between transparent organizational communication perceptions and employee-organization relationships perception with the coefficient value of 0.14, between employee-organization relationships perception and the variables of perceived corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient values of 0.61 and 0.64, and corporate reputation and employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.30 Conclusion: the study’s major hypothesis is confirmed although the direct effect of motivating language on employee engagement with the coefficient value of 0.04 was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - The effect of the first elementary science education guide based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran
Zahra Sabet Jahromi Khadijeh Abolmaali Ali Hosseini Khah Mekrdad Sabet Kianoosh HashemianThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching elementary education based on the imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran. The research method was quantitative and quasi-experime MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching elementary education based on the imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran. The research method was quantitative and quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with control group and random sampling and sampling based on inclusion criteria were used. Thus, a girls 'primary school and a boys' primary school were randomly selected from among the primary schools in District 11 of Tehran. Then, according to the inclusion criteria, 24 of these students were selected from each school and assigned to two groups of 12 controls and experiments. The instrument of this research was the Questionnaire of Perceptions of Class Activities of Gentry et al (2002). The experimental group underwent 4 sessions of science education sessions based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that teaching science based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory improved the perception of classroom activities in all four components of interest, challenge, selectivity and pleasure. This study revealed the importance of using cognitive tools of imaginative education theory in education as an important way to improve students' perception of the classroom. So elementary school teachers can use this guide in the classroom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Diagnostic validity of the testChildren (CAT.S) in students with emotional disorders
adele gholami Kambiz Kamkary shohreh shokrzadehIn this Research, the "diagnostic validity of the Child Recognition Test (CAT.S) in students with emotional disorders" and the main question of the research is whether the Child Recognition Test (CAT.S) for students with emotional disorders Does it have diagno MoreIn this Research, the "diagnostic validity of the Child Recognition Test (CAT.S) in students with emotional disorders" and the main question of the research is whether the Child Recognition Test (CAT.S) for students with emotional disorders Does it have diagnostic validity? The present research design was presented in the field of psychometric designs. The statistical population consists of all students with emotional disorders. Using targeted sampling method, available and referred to medical centers, 60 as a clinical sample (emotional disorder) and 60 as normative students. They were selected and then the test was performed in both groups using the children's entrance test. It should be noted that first, from the referring students, an interview with the parents and then a behavioral observation checklist with emphasis on the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were prepared and 60 children were considered. Finally, 120 students were selected as the sample. The measurement tool in the present Research is the Child Admission Test (CAT-S) which has good validity and reliability. Finally, in the present study, in order to evaluate the diagnostic validity of the mentioned instrument, the coefficient of sensitivity and Clarification was used and the findings showed that Cards 1 to 7 have a coefficient of sensitivity and clarity and can be known. Distinguish students with emotional disorders from normative students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Body Representation and analysis of bodily actions of the anti-hero in the epic poem of Kushnameh
hamed mehradAbstract The body is a social construction that is it is an outcome of social and cultural interplay. Therefore, human gestures are realities related to society and culture, and not merely biological, naturally born entity imposing itself to the individuals MoreAbstract The body is a social construction that is it is an outcome of social and cultural interplay. Therefore, human gestures are realities related to society and culture, and not merely biological, naturally born entity imposing itself to the individuals. Moreover regarding the notion of body there are multitude of elements such as social and cultural considerations to account for. Perception is also a bodily phenomenon not emanating from the mind since human beings as embodied agents influence our perception of the world. Therefore, structure of perception is the same as the structure of body and the world acts as a field for our awareness and actions. From this perspective reading of epic texts which focuses on the human body and has roots in the collective, and national ideals, and cultural reflections gain importance. The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze bodily actions in Kushnameh whose protagonist is a hideous despotic antihero. The final results are corresponded with the symbological data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - The role of illness perception and type D personality in prediction quality of life in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients
Parisa PourMohammad Zahra Yousefi Turaj HashemiMultiple sclerosis is one of the most prevalent disorders of the central nervous system. The efforts to identify different factors concerning quality of life in chronic patients, have been increased in recent years. These efforts have been made trying to answer the ques MoreMultiple sclerosis is one of the most prevalent disorders of the central nervous system. The efforts to identify different factors concerning quality of life in chronic patients, have been increased in recent years. These efforts have been made trying to answer the question of which personality or personal factors affect the amount of suffering or the quality of life in chronic physical patients and if having some special kind of personality characteristics or special kind of vision to disease leads to prediction of quality of life in these patients? So the aim of this study was to investigate the role of illness perception and type D personality in predicting quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. For this purpose 79 participants were chosen among the members of Tabriz MS Association by using convenience sampling method and were evaluated in illness perception, personality type and quality of life. The results of correlation coefficient and regression analysis indicates that illness perception and type D personality variables significantly predict 59% of variance of quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. So it can be concluded that illness perception and type D personality variables have a significant role in predicting quality of life in people suffering from multiple sclerosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - The Role of Illness Perception and Craving in Predicting Treatment Motivation for Drug-Dependent Individuals
sajad almardani diba khosravinia Akbar atadokht sajad basharpoor mohammad narimaniOne of the variables that plays a key role in the continuity of dependence, suicide and recurrence is cravings. Drug craving is the most important factor in returning to drug use, and the core of addiction. illness perceptions is also effective in motivating people to c MoreOne of the variables that plays a key role in the continuity of dependence, suicide and recurrence is cravings. Drug craving is the most important factor in returning to drug use, and the core of addiction. illness perceptions is also effective in motivating people to cure the issues, such as perceiving the nature, cause, duration and effectiveness of control, treatment and improvement. The aim of this study was survey the role of illness perception and craving in predicting treatment motivation for drug-dependent individuals. For this purpose 150 people were selected by sampling method from drug addiction centers in the city of Shiraz. They were evaluated for perceived illness, craving and motivation for treatment. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that recognition relates positively to therapy outcomes, disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. Ambivalence relates positively to disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. Taking Steps elates positively to disease consistency but negatively correlated with craving. The results multiple regression showed that 16% variance of recognition, 10% variance of ambivalence and 15% variance taking steps explained by illness perceptions and craving.The present study supports the role of perceived disease and craving in predicting the motivation for drug dependent individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - The structural equations model the relationship between symptom severity and illness perception with health-related quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
ghazaleh teimory ilnaz sajjadian Hojatolah Rahimi Alireza FahimIrritable bowel syndrome is one of the functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and has a negative effect on health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to MoreIrritable bowel syndrome is one of the functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and has a negative effect on health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural pattern of the relationship between symptom severity and illness perception with health-related quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. For this purpose, during a correlational study of structural equations modeling, 130 patients with irritable bowel syndrome were selected by the Pursina Hakim Gastroenterology Clinic in Isfahan by the convenience sampling and evaluated in terms of severity of symptoms, illness perception questionnaire and quality of life. Data analysis by structural equation modeling method showed that the severity of disease symptoms has a direct effect on quality of life related to health and the indirect effect of severity of disease symptoms on quality of life related to health was mediated by illness perception. The effect of illness perception on the severity of symptoms was confirmed. The ability to understand the illness perception seems to play a mediating role in the relationship between the severity of symptoms and healthrelated quality of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Presentation a model for Promotion of self-care behaviors diabetic patient according to life style, diabetes knowledge and disease perception with mediating role of psychological capital
mohammadreza zarbakhsh Fatemeh Motevali shahnam abolghasemiSelf-care in diabetes is one of the most important factors in controlling the disease. Capability and acceptance status is the personality factors that affect the condition of patients and increase their power to deal with problems among disease. The aim of this s MoreSelf-care in diabetes is one of the most important factors in controlling the disease. Capability and acceptance status is the personality factors that affect the condition of patients and increase their power to deal with problems among disease. The aim of this study was design a model for promotion of self-care behaviors diabetic patient according to life style, diabetes knowledge and disease perception with mediating role of psychological capital. For this purpose, during a research a correlational description of 216 patients with type 2 diabetes in Mazandaran diabetes association by available sampling method selection and self-care behavior lifestyle, disease perception, diabetic knowledge and psychological capital were evaluated. Data analyzed using structural equations indicated that the variables of life style, diabetes knowledgem illness perception and psychological capital had a direct and significant relationship with self-care behavior and psychological capital had mediating role in this relation. Result showed the proposed model for diabetic patients has goodness of fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Social responsibility, financial performance, financial sustainability and financial inclusion in banks
mohamad pourehteshamThe main purpose of this research is to determine the effect of social responsibility on financial performance, financial sustainability and financial inclusion in banks. Social responsibility is an ethical framework for any person or organization to act sensitively on MoreThe main purpose of this research is to determine the effect of social responsibility on financial performance, financial sustainability and financial inclusion in banks. Social responsibility is an ethical framework for any person or organization to act sensitively on social, cultural, economic and environmental issues. Trying to fulfill social responsibility helps individuals, organizations and governments to have a positive role and influence in the sustainable development of a society. In today's world, due to rapid changes in economic, social and cultural factors; increasing economic, social and environmental challenges; increase in populism; And reducing the level of trust and credibility of individuals and organizations, the issue of social responsibility has been taken into consideration. This research was conducted for a period of 5 years from 1395 to 1399. Sample information of the studied companies after checking the availability of their information by collecting with the help of Excel software and classifying with the help of software Eviose were analyzed. The results of the research showed that there is a negative relationship between social responsibility and financial performance and financial sustainability, and this relationship is significant. But there is a positive relationship between social responsibility and financial inclusion, and this relationship is significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Learner Autonomy and their Beliefs about the Role of Textbooks in Fostering it: A Mixed-Methods Study
Amir Sarkeshikian Sahar FallahIn recent years, there has been a growing recognition of learner autonomy; however, the roles of teachers and language materials in fostering in have not received due attention. This mixed methods study investigated the association between what Iranian teachers perceive MoreIn recent years, there has been a growing recognition of learner autonomy; however, the roles of teachers and language materials in fostering in have not received due attention. This mixed methods study investigated the association between what Iranian teachers perceived of LA and what they thought about the role of textbooks in fostering EFL learners’ LA, and to what extent they believed the principles of LA in their classrooms. The participating teachers were 200 male and female teachers that taught Iranian tenth-grade EFL textbook in senior high schools of Qom, Arak, and Karaj. The first instrument was a questionnaire developed by Borg and Al-Busaidi (2012), which primarily focused on the teachers’ perspectives and opinions about LA. The other questionnaire was used to investigate how Iranian EFL teachers think the EFL textbook Vision 1 helps foster LA. The questionnaire was developed based on the LA principles (Fenner & Newby, 2000). The other instrument was an interview protocol that was developed by the researcher to gain a deeper understanding of teachers’ promoting LA in their teaching. The interview protocol also was based on Fenner and Newbys’ (2000) principles. For this study, the questionnaire data were collected through two questionnaires. Moreover, an interview protocol was used to gather qualitative data from 12 teachers, who participated in the interviews (i.e., 2 face-to-face and 10 online interviews). The result of the bivariate correlation test showed that there was a significant relationship between teachers’ perception of learner autonomy and their opinions about the LA-fostering role of the Iranian 10th-grade EFL textbook. The results of the interview analysis showed that the principles of learner autonomy were largely approved of by the interviewees. The study has some implications for textbook developers, teachers trainers, and teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Teachers and Learners’ Perceptions of Online Instruction and Assessment during COVID-19 Lockdown in Iran: A Mixed-Methods Investigation
Rasoul Mohammad HosseinpurDue to the current COVID-19 pandemic, all face-to-face instruction at higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide has been suspended. Therefore, many institutions and universities relied on online learning to continue the instruction process. The perceptions of teach MoreDue to the current COVID-19 pandemic, all face-to-face instruction at higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide has been suspended. Therefore, many institutions and universities relied on online learning to continue the instruction process. The perceptions of teachers and students who went through this experience can provide useful information regarding the success of the online instruction. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the perceptions of teachers and students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Additionally, it aimed at exploring the main advantages and disadvantages of online instruction during this time. To this end, 250 English language teachers and students were selected from different English language institutes and universities in Iran. Drawing upon Khan et al.’s (2021) questionnaire and an open-ended question, this study showed that both teachers and students had positive perceptions towards online learning and teaching during COVID-19 lockdown despite the fact that some students had not the necessary facilities and infrastructure for online classes. Furthermore, this study showed that validity, reliability, construction, administration, and effectiveness of online assessment was a major concern for both teachers and students. Besides, both groups expressed the benefits of online instruction more than its drawbacks. The results of this study have implications for higher education teachers, and stakeholders to get a better understanding of the students’ and teachers’ perception toward online instruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - EFL writing skill requirements and challenges: Teachers and learners perceptions in focus
Esmaiel Kaboli BoroujeniAlthough there have been many studies concentrating on writing development and techniques to improve it, there still remains the need to investigate more and give extra insight to the EFL language learners and teachers on these issues. Using a grounded model of research MoreAlthough there have been many studies concentrating on writing development and techniques to improve it, there still remains the need to investigate more and give extra insight to the EFL language learners and teachers on these issues. Using a grounded model of research, the researchers performed an investigation to examine the various aspects concerning writing challenges, and requirements to improve it. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with an aim to achieve a thorough understanding of the topic by recruiting 25 male and female experienced EFL teachers along with 25 male and female intermediate EFL learners from language institutes in Tehran as the participants of the study through purposeful sampling technique. Then, 5 distinctive questions were chosen for the teachers and another set of 5 different questions for the learners to elicit their perceptions. After gathering the data and identifying the initial codes, the sub-categories emerged and helped the researcher to form the final model. Among the categories, writing strategies like collaborative and game-based, requirements like background, vocabulary, and grammatical knowledge were found to be essential. Based on the findings, a model was developed which is believed to support EFL learners in improving their writing proficiency. Manuscript profile
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