Body and its nexus to the Perception in Mulla’s perspective

Subject Areas : Epistemological researches

Ali Reza  Hassan pour ¹ (Assistant professor at university of Ilam, Ilam)
Zahra  Emamy ² (Master degree graduated from Ilam university)

Received: 2016-10-31 Accepted : 2017-01-14 Published : 2017-03-21

Keywords: Mulla sadra, knowledge by presence, soul's knowledge of the body, corporeality of perception, Ideal body,

Abstract :

Islamic philosophers, particularly, Peripatetic, on the basis of relation between the soul and the body and their essence, have regarded the perception as the act of the soul, not of the body. Accordingly, the soul's knowledge to the body is the acquired knowledge. However, Mulla Sadra maintains that the soul's knowledge to the body is like a self-consciousness which should be considered as knowledge by presence. He holds that the body is not only the object of the soul's knowledge by presence and its self-consciousness, but also it contributes to  all levels of perception; so far once the body has been faced a disorder, every level of perception, even the rational one, will be subjected to change. In this paper, firstly, Sadra’s doctrine on the types of body will be explained, and then we will deal with the problem of soul's knowledge to the body and the role of body in perception. Secondly, we will come to the conclusion that the body is the one stage of the soul's various levels, not a substance separated from it. This allows us to assert that the role and the contribution of the body in perception, though not the same as that of the soul in perception, it is not less than that; and one detaches from the idea that the soul plays the role in perception solely. In fact, Sadra’s knowledge of the soul is not merely a suvey of the soul; it is also an explanation of the human essence which is not plausible without paying attention to corporeal dimension of human being.

References:

بهداد، یزدان. (1385). تغییر و تحولات انسان،تهران: نشرآوای نور.

خاتمی، محمود. (1386).  جستارهای صدرایی، ترجمه گروه مترجمان، تهران: نشر علم.

همو. (1387). روانشناسی فلسفی، ترجمۀ یاسر پوراسماعیل، تهران: نشر علم.

حق، آمبر. (1390).  علم‌النفس از دیدگاه دانشمندان اسلامی.، ترجمۀ محمد گنجی، تهران:  نشر ساوالان.

عبودیت، عبدالرسول. (1391). درآمدی به نظام حکمت صدرایی، ج3 و1، تهران: انتشارات سمت.

ملاصدرا. (1377). رساله الحشر، ترجمه و تصحیح محمد خواجوی، تهران: انتشارات مولی.

همو. (1391). العرشیه، ترجمۀ محمد خواجوی، تهران: انتشارات مولی.

همو. (1410.ق). الحکمه المتعالیه فی الأسفار العقلیه الاربعه، 9ج، بیروت: دار إحیاء التراث العربی.

همو. (1383). الحکمه المتعالیه فی الأسفار العقلیه الأربعه، ج1 ،3 ،9، باشراف سید محمد خامنه‌ای، تهران: بنیاد جکمت اسلامی صدرا.