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Open Access Article
1 - nvestigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets
mojtaba heidary mohammad soleimani ali osat hazratiThe purpose of this research was to investigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets. The statistical population was made up of all producers and exporters and experts of the Organization of MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets. The statistical population was made up of all producers and exporters and experts of the Organization of Industry and Mining, Trade and Jihad Agriculture, and the Chamber of Commerce and Customs of West Azarbaijan province. The sample size was done in two stages to determine the advantageous products of the province. In the first stage, 15 people were selected for 33 products and in the second stage, for 16 products, the advantageous products were determined based on the indicators of the Vario model. For 6 advantageous products, 7 experts were selected based on the situational and snowball sampling method. In the third questionnaire, based on the model of internal and external factors, in which 9 main criteria and 102 sub-criteria for internal factors and 7 main criteria and 81 sub-criteria for external factors were collected. The results of the analysis of the current situation of internal and external factors separately for each advantageous product showed that the weakness in mineral salt is in technology and development, and the threat in external factors is in legal and political factors, respectively, and the weakness in table salt is It exists in management factors and human resources, and the threat exists in economic and social factors. In the concentrate, the weakness in social and marketing factors and the threat in economic factors and legal factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Social marketing modeling of cultural products with emphasis on risk management in the municipality
Saied Aghasi masood mokhtarikarchegani محمدرضا دلویSocial marketing seeks to determine ways to increase participation, productivity of the organization, through marketing activities in social dimensions, and environmental variables such as laws and regulations, ethical issues, social trends are also examined. Social mar MoreSocial marketing seeks to determine ways to increase participation, productivity of the organization, through marketing activities in social dimensions, and environmental variables such as laws and regulations, ethical issues, social trends are also examined. Social marketing of cultural products is an underlying action in management. It is a city that brings many economic, cultural and social achievements for the society and citizens. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of modeling social marketing of cultural products with an emphasis on risk management. The present study is descriptive-survey in terms of its practical-developmental purpose and in terms of data collection method. The community of participants in the qualitative section includes marketing professors and managers of Isfahan Municipality, 12 of whom were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection tool is semi-structured interview and ISM questionnaire. Social marketing categories of cultural products were identified by thematic analysis method in Maxqda software. The pattern of causal relationships between categories was also determined by structural-interpretive modeling method in MicMac software. Based on the results, "marketing infrastructures", "non-financial risk management" and "financial risk management" affect the "social responsibility of the municipality". The social responsibility of the municipality also affects the "community-oriented marketing mix" and "internal marketing". In the same way, these factors affect "customer-oriented" and "service quality". Finally, the increase of "socially desirable behavior of employees" leads to "social marketing of cultural products". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The effect of harvest time on root function and some qualitative characteristics of commercial varieties of sugar beet in khoy
zahra HabibiTo study the effect of harvesting time on the quantity and quality of sugar beet, 3 harvest dates (October 22nd, November 6th& November 21st) and on the five varieties of sugar beet (Afshari, Zarghan, Shirin, Rasul& jolgheh) were evaluated. The study was conducted in MoreTo study the effect of harvesting time on the quantity and quality of sugar beet, 3 harvest dates (October 22nd, November 6th& November 21st) and on the five varieties of sugar beet (Afshari, Zarghan, Shirin, Rasul& jolgheh) were evaluated. The study was conducted in factorial experiment based on complete block design with three replications in Khoy Agricultural Research Center during 2009. Cultivation operations in mid-April, based on recommendations and the same for all treatments were performed. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between cultivars in terms of sugar content, white sugar content, alkality, sodium and nitrogen impurities. Variety of Rasul sugar content and white sugar content was more than other varieties. The difference between harvesting dates of the root yield, sugar content, white sugar content, white sugar yield and sugar yield was significant. November 21st harvest root yield found with 94.360 tons per hectare more than previous harvest dates. The highest sugar content, white sugar content was related to the date of November 21st and was higher than other harvest dates. The highest sugar yield and white sugar yield respectively, 12.98 and 10.34 tons per hectare belonged to November 30th harvest. That was of significant difference rather than two other dates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Design of a Mathematical Model for Production and Delivery Planning in the Supply Chain Systems.
M. Aryanejad M. ModiriThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhanc MoreThe 1980s witnessed the establishment of many new production strategies, including Just-in-timemanufacturing, Lean manufacturing, Kanban systems, and Total quality management. (TQM)These strategies have been applied by many companies to improve system management, enhance productand process quality, and reduce operating and inventory costs, in order to better compete in differentmarkets.Recently, however, the strategies have focused more on improving supply chain management to achievethese goals. Many of the advances in supply chain management can be analyzed with the aid of a computer.Computer – aided decision - support tools play a very important role in assisting and supporting decisionmakers managing a complex supply chain system.This dissertation develops a computer - aided decision - support tool: an integer linear optimization modelof a deterministic multi - item, multi - stage, multi - period, capacitated, with deterministic demandgeneralized network supply chain system. The model uses a kanban control system to plan and allocateproduction and delivery throughout the supply chain - The main objective of the model is to minimize thecost of Kanban injection, the cost of finished goods inventory, and the cost of work - in - process inventoryin the system. Practical problems of supply chain systems with associated optimal production and deliveryallocation are also presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluation the effect of Generics-Prone Purchaser Demographics and Pcychographic Characteristics on Generics Purchase’s Decision-Making
B. Kheiry M. Haji mohammad rezaIn the history of the food business, few things have been as surprising or in some cases ascontroversial as the rapid proliferation of so-called generic products. The present study, have beendone in order to evaluate the effect of generics-Prone Purchaser Demographics a MoreIn the history of the food business, few things have been as surprising or in some cases ascontroversial as the rapid proliferation of so-called generic products. The present study, have beendone in order to evaluate the effect of generics-Prone Purchaser Demographics and PcychographicCharacteristics on Generics Purchase’s Decision-Making. The present investigation of a relativelybroad spectrum of variables in connection with generics should serve to enlarge our understanding ofthis market. This study considers five types of segmentation variables: demographics, requirements forprice and quality, Requirements for brand, information seeking behavior, relevant behavioralcharacteristics. In addition to identify generic products Purchaser generally, generic purchase, haveconsidered at three level (none, low, high), toward to demographics and psychographic characteristics.Requirement information have been gathered by Descriptive-Correlational research and cluster, simpleRandom sampling of 265 people at Shahrvand chain store and Tehran grand market by using of validand reliable questionnaire. For testing hypothesis have been used of One-Sample T Test, Independent-Sample T Test, One-Way ANOVA and Univariate ANOVA, and have been analyzed through SPSS16software. The findings shows that price proneness, quality proneness, less brand loyalty, private( Vs.national) brand proneness, personal source usage, general change proneness, venturesomness,innovativeness and less perceived risk were determined to be positive influences on purchase ofgenerics .On the other hand, label readership, electronic and print media usage and approval ofadvertising were determined to be reverse influences on “high” generic purchaser group and finallypurchaser generics were characterized to be younger and married. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Market-in Sima strategy to improve the quality and control production costs
Hassan Khojasteh BagherzadehIRIB can be one of the largest media organizations know that a large number of network radio and television, domestic and international vast majority of different stages of production and distribution, including the activities of the hardware or software directly respon MoreIRIB can be one of the largest media organizations know that a large number of network radio and television, domestic and international vast majority of different stages of production and distribution, including the activities of the hardware or software directly responsible is significant. This paper seeks to answer the question of whether the market and its functions for IRIB that are not among media organizations oriented in common parlance it is not their fees directly from the audience receives useful and efficient? Is it possible there and make it happen? Asked by library studies and studies and experiences achieved suggested shows that the conditions and opportunities for exceptional new with a little boost television network IRIB Physics More is made to the capacity of the periphery of the capacity of substance market, and the "market-" in the collection and provincial television networks, benefit from this situation properly. This article examines the development of trade to prompt five important step market-with what the prompt value chain, the status of market-model Five Forces Porter and functions of the market-state media presentation, and then to market requirements and to drive the market in the organization Broadcasting and assign important tasks to create a sustainable market-referenced and in the end stage for theatrical productions, as well as market-the market-operation of studio and technical facilities of the organization expressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Histological and microbial analysis of different types of raw meat products in Tehran, Iran
Zohreh Mashak Zahra Mahdizadeh Barzoki Amirreza Saadati Maziar Taghavi -
Open Access Article
8 - Status of nutrition and health claims in dairy products and accuracy requirements in the Tehran market
Mohaddeseh Asafari Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani Hassan Hamedi -
Open Access Article
9 - Incorporation of essential oils (EOs) and nanoparticles (NPs) into active packaging systems in meat and meat products: A review
Mina Kargozari Hassan Hamedi -
Open Access Article
10 - The effect of customer participation in product design on business performance (case study: Majid brand sports products)
Khalil Deris Narges Ebrahimi Soheila Zarinjoy alvarObjectivesThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of customer participation in product design on business performance in Majid brand sports products. MethodologyThe present research method is a combination of library and survey method. In terms of prac MoreObjectivesThe purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of customer participation in product design on business performance in Majid brand sports products. MethodologyThe present research method is a combination of library and survey method. In terms of practical purpose, it is cross-sectional in terms of time, quantitative in terms of nature and strategy, and survey in terms of implementation process. The statistical population of this research includes the customers of Majid brand sports products, and because of their unlimited number, a simple random sampling method was used and the number of sample members was 384. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. The normality of the research variables was checked with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and descriptive statistics methods were used to describe the data, and inferential statistics and structural equation modeling were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings indicate the confirmation of the main hypothesis and five sub-hypotheses proposed in this research, and the values obtained from the critical ratio for all hypotheses are greater than the value of 2.58, which shows that the hypotheses are significant at the 1% error level.ConclusionsThe results showed customer participation in product design through components such as; Generous participation, fair participation, truthful participation, trusting participation, and aspirational participation affect business performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of brand interest and willingness to buy
Soheila Zarinjoy alvar Donya BaviPurpose: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of interest in the brand and willingness to buy (case study of Araz sports products). Methodology: In MorePurpose: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of paying attention to the digital space on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of interest in the brand and willingness to buy (case study of Araz sports products). Methodology: In terms of the purpose of this research, it is an applied research, and in terms of the method of data collection, it is a survey research and in terms of time, and since the researcher investigates the effect of the independent variable on the dependent, therefore this The nature of the research is causal-descriptive research. The data collection method is also field. The population of this research includes the consumers of Araz brand sports products in Abadan city, and due to the unlimited population, we used Cochran's formula to calculate the number of sample members. Based on this, the number of the examined sample was 384 people (questionnaire) and we used the online distribution of the Kim (2020) questionnaire to collect data. For the reliability of the questionnaire, we used Cronbach's alpha coefficient and for its validity, we used the analytical factor verification method. The results of the research hypotheses have been tested using Lisrel software. Findings: The results showed that paying attention to the digital space has an effect on consumer decision-making with the mediating role of brand interest and willingness to buy. Also, sports brands, including Iranian brands, need to install digital devices in stores to create a digital space to speed up the decision-making process of consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigating the role of attitude and co-creation in the effect of dimensions of customer experience records on the intention to repurchase from an online store (case study: sports products)
Donya Bavi Gholamreza Kenar kordiObjectivesMethodologyFindingConclusionsObjectivesMethodologyFindingConclusions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Analysis of factors affecting the improvement of the competitive power of sports production companies
amirreza shirvani Hassan Fahim Devin Hossein Peymanizad Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh GhandehariCompetitiveness is one of the key success indicators of manufacturing companies. The purpose of the current research was to identify and analyze the factors affecting the improvement of the competitive power of sports product manufacturing companies. The current researc MoreCompetitiveness is one of the key success indicators of manufacturing companies. The purpose of the current research was to identify and analyze the factors affecting the improvement of the competitive power of sports product manufacturing companies. The current research was applied research in terms of purpose, mixed type in terms of data search, and exploratory in terms of data analysis method. The statistical population of the research was professors of sports management, owners of companies producing sports products, experts in the field of export and import of sports products, specialists in the field of sports marketing and managers of companies producing sports products. First, the identification of internal and external strategic indicators effective on improving the competitive power of the country's sports product manufacturing companies was done using the data theory of the foundation and Glazer's approach, and in the next step, the factors were prioritized using the Dimtel-Fuzzy method. The sampling method was purposeful in both qualitative and quantitative sections. The findings of the research showed that the effective factors on improving the competitive power of sports production companies were placed in two categories of internal and external indicators. Also, the findings of the Dmitel Fazi test showed that, in order of priority, 5 concepts of legal and protective factors, structure and management, market control, supply and design, and commercial and international issues as effective factors and 4 concepts of customer and consumer factors, marketing, Product improvement and service improvement were classified as effective factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Performance Appraisal of Research and Development Projects Value-Chain for Complex Products and Systems: The Fuzzy Three-Stage DEA Approach
Pejman Peykani Jafar Gheidar-KheljaniThe purpose of the current research is to provide a performance appraisal system capable of considering the value chain network structure of research and development (R&D) projects for Complex products and systems (CoPS) under uncertainty of data. Therefore, in orde MoreThe purpose of the current research is to provide a performance appraisal system capable of considering the value chain network structure of research and development (R&D) projects for Complex products and systems (CoPS) under uncertainty of data. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, a network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) approach and the possibilistic programming to provide a new fuzzy network data envelopment analysis (FNDEA) approach have been utilized. It is worth noting that the value chain structure is considered in three phases: research and development, manufacturing and testing and finally operations. Finally, the proposed research approach was implemented using data from 10 Research and Development projects for complex systems and products in Iran and the results indicate the capability and applicability of the proposed approach of fuzzy three-stage data envelopment analysis.Keywords: Research and Development (R&D) Project, Complex Products and Systems (CoPS), Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA), Value-Chain, Uncertainty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Shoppers in Emerging Market: Shopper Typology Based on Shopping Motivations
milad bakhshi Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee Mirahmad Amirshahi Rouhollah Zaboli -
Open Access Article
16 - Comparative studies of three types of products (remanufacturing, refurbished and new products) on warranty cost and profitability
Jafar RaamBejandi Mahsa SoltaniNeshan Ayyub Ansarinejad Somayeh TaghipourVagargah -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigating effective factors on purchase intention of luxury products
matineh fathali bahram kheiriMarketing managers are interested in consumer purchase intentions so as to prognosticate sales of existing and/or new products and services. Purchase intentions data can help managers in their marketing decisions related to product demand (new and existing products), ma MoreMarketing managers are interested in consumer purchase intentions so as to prognosticate sales of existing and/or new products and services. Purchase intentions data can help managers in their marketing decisions related to product demand (new and existing products), market segmentation and promotional strategies. Luxury brand products and the motivation to buy luxury brands are becoming increasingly relevant to consumers in Asia. Luxury-purchase motivation predominantly based on Western thoughts and markets .Cultural values have been shown to influence consumer behavior in many studies .Establishing whether relationships exist between cultural values and motivation for consuming luxury products would be advantageous for the marketers of luxury products . The present study focuses on factors affecting the purchase intention of luxury products. Primary Tools for Data Collection was Likert's 5-scale questionnaire. Statistical Population is composed of all customers attending selected fancy and luxurious restaurants in Tehran. Since the statistical sample is infinite (over 100000 subjects), the sample size was determined to include 385 subjects by means of Kergesi Morgan's Table (1970), and simple random sampling method was applied. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics and the structural equation modeling were employed with SPSS and Lisrel software programs. The research, in terms of purpose, is practical and the method of data collection is survey. Research results suggest that the variables of consumer attitude toward luxurious products, quality of the service provided by fancy and luxurious restaurants, perception of brand and social effect affect the purchase intention, while the variables of store image (restaurant) and vanity bring about no impact on the purchase intention. In addition, the variable of vanity does not exert any moderating effect on the relation between perception of luxurious brand and purchase intention and between the social effect and purchase intention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Brand extension feedback: The role of advertising(Case Study: tabarok Companyproducts)
hadis ebrahimi Malihe JavaniThe present study is a practical research from purpose view and is a descriptive-survey one from methodological perspective. The statistical population of this study includes consumers of Tabarrok Company in the city of Isfahan. A sample of 384 consumers has been select MoreThe present study is a practical research from purpose view and is a descriptive-survey one from methodological perspective. The statistical population of this study includes consumers of Tabarrok Company in the city of Isfahan. A sample of 384 consumers has been selected from this population through random sampling method. In order to collect the research data, a standardized questionnaire has been used. The validity of the questionnaire has been examined and confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability has been measured through Cronbachs’ Alpha Coefficient. The coefficient was 0.88 for our questionnaire by which reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed. The hypotheses have been tested through both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics in the SPSS and AMOS. The results of this study revealed that the firth, second, and third hypotheses (the effect of brand image and loyalty on the brand extension and the effect of brand extension on the brand loyalty) were rejected and other five hypotheses (the effect of brand image on the brand loyalty, the effect of brand awareness on the brand image and brand expansion, the effect of commercial advertisements on the brand image and brand loyalty) were supported. Another part of the results of this study indicated that the path coefficient of the first hypothesis (the effect of brand image on the brand loyalty) was 0.596. The coefficient was more than other coefficients. On the other hand, the path coefficient of the eighth hypothesis (the effect of brand loyalty on the brand expansion) was -0.624 which is less than other coefficients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigating the Impact of emotions on the Intention to buy customers of Green Products (Studied case: Students of the Islamic Azad University of Kashan)
alireza naalchi kashi Seyed Mohammad Tabataba’i- NasabPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the intention to purchase green products. For this purpose, a total of 450 students from the Islamic Azad University of Kashan took part in this survey. Methodology: The research method was app MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the intention to purchase green products. For this purpose, a total of 450 students from the Islamic Azad University of Kashan took part in this survey. Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of analysis, it was of the scaling type. The data collection tool and sampling for the questionnaire were done randomly and to determine the sample, the Cochran formula was utilized. This study used the SPSS software to analyze the descriptive statistics (demographical factors) and through the software PLS, the connection between the variables was investigated by structural equation modeling. Findings: The results indicated that environmental beliefs affect environmental concern and there must be a positive relationship between them. Also, the increase in environmental concern leads to an increase in the attitude to consume green products, and finally an increase in the consumers' intention to purchasing green products. Furthermore, an increase in environmental concerns also increases positive emotions, which in turn increases the consumers' will to purchase green products. Finally, with increasing environmental concerns, negative emotions increase. But the effect of negative emotions is on reverse purchasing intention. Research Limitations: The tested model now uses purchase intention as a result variable instead of real purchase, and in practice, it will be difficult to develop a research framework in a controlled real behavior. Managerial Implications and Originality/Valve: Investigating the role of positive and negative emotions on the intention of purchasing green products helps marketing managers up to by correct identifying consumers' emotions can designing appropriate strategies for encouraging them to use green products. Keywords: Environmental Beliefs, Environmental Concern, Positive Emotions, Negative Emotions, Attitudes toward Green Products, Theory of Reasoned Action. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Effect of Perceptions of Fair Price on Samsung Consumer Shopping (Case Study: Citizens of Arak)
Ali Akbar Mirzaee Mohammad Karim ghale noeiThe ever-increasing rise in the intensity of competition among organizations in the current century has led organizations to always look for solutions for competitive advantage and victory in the field of competition. By aligning the quality of the goods of diffe MoreThe ever-increasing rise in the intensity of competition among organizations in the current century has led organizations to always look for solutions for competitive advantage and victory in the field of competition. By aligning the quality of the goods of different companies and intensifying competition, the price element has become one of the most important factors in protecting and attracting customers and their loyalty and satisfaction. This is the case nowadays due to the increasing expansion of the Internet. Pricing for products and services offered in any business is one of the most important steps in any business. "Pricing" is one of the basic concepts in economics and in particular marketing. Knowledge of principles, methods, goals, challenges, and solutions, especially for the use of these concepts in providing information services and access to information, is important. One of the most complex problems facing international companies is the phenomenon of price differentials in countries. Today's fair pricing in marketing research has attracted the attention of many researchers. This research is of causal nature and method. For data collection, the field method has been used and the questionnaire has been used, and SPSS software has been used to analyze the data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Model Impact of Sports Exhibition Factors on Commercial Success Strategies of Sport Products
HamidReza Nikoabadi Rasool Nazari Elham MoshkelgoshaThe purpose of this study was to analyze the achievements of sport exhibitions from the standpoint of exhibitors and customers and to present strategies for commercial success of sporting products. The method of this study is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the achievements of sport exhibitions from the standpoint of exhibitors and customers and to present strategies for commercial success of sporting products. The method of this study is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of research type, a descriptive survey is carried out. The statistical population of this study includes sales and marketing managers and exhibitors of sporting goods companies participating in Isfahan Sport Exhibitions. 320 exhibitors were selected by judgmental sampling. A final total of 310 exhibitors completed the questionnaires. Data were collected using questionnaire of Alipour et al (2017) Cronbach's alpha reliability was 0.86. Data analysis using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS and SPSS software. The results of this research showed that “staff training” was considered as the most important parameters influencing the exhibition-based processes. In addition, it was found that the ongoing processes on the exhibition site have significantly positive effects on the selling and no selling objectives of the firms. At the end, this research has proposed suitable solutions on how to effectively and optimally use the affective factors on those processes and its effectiveness on achieving sports products exhibition goals in the business. Given the impact of information gathering on post-exhibition sports processes, it is suggested that corporate and organization officials categorize this information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Designing and Explaining the Model of Repeated Patronage of Counterfeit Products at the Industrial Market
Mohammad Younesi Fariz Taheri Kia Alireza Rousta Siavash Ahmadi Chehreh BarghThe present study examines and analyzes the key sensitivities effective factors in repeated patronage of Counterfeit products at the organizational level and seeks to provide a model that can improve the various conditions and factors affecting the process of repeated p MoreThe present study examines and analyzes the key sensitivities effective factors in repeated patronage of Counterfeit products at the organizational level and seeks to provide a model that can improve the various conditions and factors affecting the process of repeated patronage of Counterfeit audio and video products. The method of the present research is applied-development type and in terms of implementation method is quantitative type. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. For this purpose, in order to collect data, after reviewing the literature and research background, the statistical sample of research consists of 386 corporate buyers and producers of counterfeit audio and video products in the country and abroad. Partial least squares (PLS) were applied to analyze the data. Analysis of data factors based on the and repeated patronage of counterfeit products at the organizational level. The findings of the research indicate the effective role of two groups of factors related to the buyer (including purchasing organization; Environmental factors; Buyer reaction and Factors related to distributor credit including variables of managerial ability, marketing and sales ability, distributor financial strength, market coverage and product line on the repeated patronage of purchasing Counterfeit products at the organizational level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Designing a Green Marketing Development Model for Organic Products
omid mohammadi ali pirzad Seyed Najmeddin MousaviEnvironmentally friendly marketing, which is emerging due to increasing environmental concerns and awareness, has been hailed as a popular advertising strategy In addition, in order to gain a better understanding of a particular nation's environmental movement, it is im MoreEnvironmentally friendly marketing, which is emerging due to increasing environmental concerns and awareness, has been hailed as a popular advertising strategy In addition, in order to gain a better understanding of a particular nation's environmental movement, it is important to experiment how that consumers view environmental issues and, consequently, how they behave. The aim of this study was to design a green marketing development model for organic products of live Nature Company with the brand (Cinere) in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Provinces. The research method was based on the applied purpose and was been qualitative in terms of data collection. The statistical population in the qualitative section were marketing experts. Experts were identified by targeted sampling and snowball sampling, which according to the adequacy of the data, a total of 10 experts were interviewed. Interviews were used to collect data. Ground data theory approach was used to analyze the data. The results confirmed that clean label, environmental concern, green advertising, green packaging and green price have an impact on customers' environmental behavior. In the quantitative part of the statistical population of the research, the sellers of stores in Kohgoluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces with an appropriate level of sales of Cinere products that were 40 people, that all of whom were evaluated. The analysis of the findings was performed using the structural equation method and the results showed that the environmental concern was 0.807, green packaging was 0.804, green advertising was 0.90, green price was 0.79 and clean label was 0.29 that affects consumer behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Retaining Customers with the Experience of Using Mobile Phones in Omni channels: The Moderating Effects of Product Information Overload and the Attractiveness of Alternative Products
ERPHAN DADASHZADEH HORMOZ MEHRANI KARIM HAMDI HAMDIWith the advancement of technology and digitalization, various communication channels such as the Internet, mobile phones, social media and physical stores are available for customers to communicate with retailers, but these channels are independently managed and It lea MoreWith the advancement of technology and digitalization, various communication channels such as the Internet, mobile phones, social media and physical stores are available for customers to communicate with retailers, but these channels are independently managed and It leads to the mismatch of data and information in different channels, and in order to achieve integration in different channels, it is necessary to change to an all-round approach.This research deals with "investigating the retention of customers with the experience of using mobile phones as tool of omnichannel with regard product information overload and the attractiveness of alternative products". The research is applied, descriptive and survey. The population of brands restaurant customers in Tehran is a sample of 384 people who were surveyed by stratified sampling method. The data collection tool is a 43questionier, and hypotheses were tested with structural equations and pls software. The results show that the experience of connection is on access integrity, the experience of integration is on the integrity, the experience of flexibility is on the integrity, the experience of personalization is on the integrity, the experience of personalization is on the information richness integrity, access integrity customer retention, and information richness integrity has positive effect on customer retention. The experience of continuity of use on the integrity, the experience of connection on the information richness integrity, the experience of integrity on the information richness integrity, the experience of continuity of use on the integrity of information richness, and the experience of flexibility on the information richness integrity do not have a positive effect. Information overload is a negative moderating role in the impact of connection experience on access integrity; and the effect of connection experience on the information richness integrity. The attractiveness of alternative products has negative moderating role in the effect of the connection experience on the access integrity and the effect of the connection experience on the information richness integrity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Role of Media and Peers on Tendency of Female Students towards Beauty Products Based on the Extended Theory of Reasoned Action
Mohammad Nazaripour Bahar DastaranBeauty issues are very important for women, especially teenage girls. The influence of personality traits and social-environmental factors in this process is undeniable. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the attitude of female students towards beauty product MoreBeauty issues are very important for women, especially teenage girls. The influence of personality traits and social-environmental factors in this process is undeniable. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the attitude of female students towards beauty products based on the theory of reasoned action and by moderating media and peer variables. This study is applied in terms of purpose and correlation cross-sectional in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this study were female undergraduate students of administrative sciences studying at the universities are located in Shiraz and Qom cities. The time period of this study was the second semester of the academic year 2022-2023. Structural equation modeling and the analysis of variance by rank have been used to test the research hypotheses. According to the research findings, variables of media, peers, attitude and subjective norms have a positive and significant effect on the intention to buy beauty products by female students. Also, the media variable has a moderating effect on the relationship between attitude and purchase intention, and the peer variable has a moderating effect on the relationship between subjective norms and purchase intention. Based on the Kruskal-Wallis test, the main variables of the study (purchase intention, attitude and subjective norms) are not significantly different among different age groups. Finally, the findings of this study also provide marketers and retailers within the beauty product sector with an advantage when designing marketing strategies to target young female consumers, as they will have more information regarding the factors influencing these consumers’ purchase intention towards beauty products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigating Effective Factors on Purchase Intention of Luxury Products
B. Kheiri M. FathaliMarketing managers are interested in consumer purchase intentions so as to prognosticate sales of existing and/or new products and services. Purchase intentions data can help managers in their marketing decisions related to product demand (new and existing pro MoreMarketing managers are interested in consumer purchase intentions so as to prognosticate sales of existing and/or new products and services. Purchase intentions data can help managers in their marketing decisions related to product demand (new and existing products), market segmentation and promotional strategies. Luxury brand products and the motivation to buy luxury brands are becoming increasingly relevant to consumers in Asia. Luxury-purchase motivation predominantly based on Western thoughts and markets .Cultural values have been shown to influence consumer behavior in many studies. Establishing whether relationships exist between cultural values and motivation for consuming luxury products would be advantageous for the marketers of luxury products . The present study focuses on factors affecting the purchase intention of luxury products. Primary Tools for Data Collection was Likert's 5-scale questionnaire. Statistical Population is composed of all customers attending selected fancy and luxurious restaurants in Tehran. Since the statistical sample is infinite (over 100000 subjects), the sample size was determined to include 385 subjects by means of Kergesi Morgan's Table (1970), and simple random sampling method was applied. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics and the structural equation modeling were employed with SPSS and Lisrel software programs. The research, in terms of purpose, is practical and the method of data collection is survey. Research results suggest that the variables of consumer attitude toward luxurious products, quality of the service provided by fancy and luxurious restaurants, perception of brand and social effect affect the purchase intention, while the variables of store image (restaurant) and vanity bring about no impact on the purchase intention. In addition, the variable of vanity does not exert any moderating effect on the relation between perception of luxurious brand and purchase intention and between the social effect and purchase intention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - A Study on the Effective Factors on Young Consumer’s Green Willingness: Tehran case study
K. Hamdi F. Ghaffari A. AfsordeganCommunity progress and the increasing attention to the environment have led numerous companies to regard green concepts as the main source of their strategic shift in company technology and creativity in the products. Moreover, the environmental issues have MoreCommunity progress and the increasing attention to the environment have led numerous companies to regard green concepts as the main source of their strategic shift in company technology and creativity in the products. Moreover, the environmental issues have increasingly become a major concern in Tehran to the effect of applying a number of barriers epidemic production method and environmental principles. The companies have begun to realize the importance of brand green marketing concepts. This study focused on the factors that tend to buy environmentally friendly products in youth as well as ranking these factors. This new research- following a new perspective as compared to the previous studies which used a strategies marketing mix to examine factors affecting the behavior of green purchasing – has discussed the related issues in the framework of consumer behavior theory and social marketing. The statistical populations were between 15 to 29 years old and data collection was done based on questionnaire. Data collection was done through a sample survey on the number of stores in Tehran and 430 respondents were selected to answer to a questionnaire. Secondary data from journals, books and other resources have been collected as well. This study showed that consumers in Tehran have had a strong willingness to buy green products because of their considerable knowledge of green products. The results showed that factors which had the greatest impact in purchasing of green products were social influence, environmental concerns, perceived environmental responsibility and concern for self-image in environmental protection in the young people. The study also contains recommendations on the marketing strategies which lead to the consumers’ willingness towards the purchase of environmentally friendly products . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Identification and Prioritizing of Exporting Target Markets for Iran’s High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
A. Hajiha M. Haghighi Kaffash M. ManianRecognition and prioritization the target markets for special goods is must to establish the efficient marketing strategy. This will save investments of exporters who want to make a continued presence in markets. On the other hand in export programming fi MoreRecognition and prioritization the target markets for special goods is must to establish the efficient marketing strategy. This will save investments of exporters who want to make a continued presence in markets. On the other hand in export programming field it can play a valuable leading rule for authorities to establish trade strategies and dual trade negotiations. This research as its title says “Identification and prioritizing of exporting target markets for high density polyethylene (HDPE)” have decided to prioritize the markets by their attractiveness via suitable indexes which are available and contains the expert’s view, resource demand, capabilities and objectives of Iranian petrochemical commercial company. In reality final destination of this research is that it maps correct movement of HDPE in target markets by observing objectives, resources and organization capabilities. The method used is that we gather the information statistics at the first, and then refine them by using import potential indexes and statistical techniques. we start up to recognize the most important indexes for evaluating market attractiveness by gathering the related industry expert view to prioritize target markets. Finally by using of this indexes and techniques of numerical taxonomy and factor analyzing and relying on given statistics and informations by international trade center, we prioritize the target markets of HDPE. The result of this research shows that the markets which are better for exporting Iran HDPE after china and Hong Kong that are two evident markets for this product are Ukraine, Turkey, Spain, Malaysia, Greece, USA, Pakistan, Indonesia and Poland. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The Transaction of Tobacco Products in Jurisprudence
Reza SheikholislamiThe jurists have been deliberating on its selling and smoking, and of course there has not been any agreement among them in this regard. This research considers the relevant jurisprudence evidences and principles comprehensively. The main point is that buying and sellin MoreThe jurists have been deliberating on its selling and smoking, and of course there has not been any agreement among them in this regard. This research considers the relevant jurisprudence evidences and principles comprehensively. The main point is that buying and selling the filthy (najes) and useless goods, and those which play any role in “sin commitment” are prohibited in Islam, so some jurists claim that the transaction of tobacco products is forbidden, while the others believe it is lawful because the pictures on cigarettes’ pockets warn smokers. It concludes that the important factor which played and plays fundamental role in Islamic commandments about smoking is “customary low” (Orf) and so the jurists must consider all the aspects of the problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The role of advertising on the community of cultural products, among of families in Tehran city
Nazli Abdollahi محمد سلطانیفر عباسعلی ghThe purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of advertising and its types on the consumption of cultural products among the families of Tehran. Methodology: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and based on the metho MoreThe purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of advertising and its types on the consumption of cultural products among the families of Tehran. Methodology: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and based on the method of collecting descriptive-survey data. The statistical population of this study was Tehranian families of students of Faculty of Management, Tehran University of Science Research, which were selected using purposeful sampling of Tehranian students' families in cultural affairs management, based on a census of 97 samples. Findings: The results obtained from structural equations in Lisrel software showed that street, print, inductive, and propagation variables influenced the consumption of cultural products by respondents and had the greatest impact on street advertising with a coefficient of 0.52 and the least impact on propaganda variable with a coefficient of 0.32 on consumption of cultural products. Discussion and Conclusion: Advertisements can be made with the latest technology to inform cultural products. Promotion of cultural products can also affect the people of the community and will bring about the exchange of ideas and meeting the social needs of individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Identifying Effective Interventions on Cultural Product Entrepreneurship in Iran
Hadiyeh Tanhaie Rad akbar etebarian ali rashidpoorResearch Objective: Entrepreneurship of cultural products is rooted in innovation and cultural change, and an important factor for receiving, understanding, controlling and optimally guiding these changes is towards material and meta material values, which in the course MoreResearch Objective: Entrepreneurship of cultural products is rooted in innovation and cultural change, and an important factor for receiving, understanding, controlling and optimally guiding these changes is towards material and meta material values, which in the course of evolution are interfered with and their constructive creation is disrupted, this study aims to identify the effective interventions on cultural product entrepreneurship in Iran. Research Method: The research was conducted using a qualitative method based on content analysis to identify effective interventions on entrepreneurship of cultural products in the context of Iranian society. Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 13 experts in the field of cultural products entrepreneurship using the snowball technique. Findings: The results can be classified into three classes: Social interventions, private sector interventions, and government interventions. Social interventions are become by poor cultural literacy, cultural conflicts, ambiguity in society, and deadly mental patterns of creativity in society. Private sector interventions are formed by the challenges of marketing cultural products and the challenges of producing cultural products. Also, public sector interventions have been created following the policy challenges of the cultural management system, the marketing challenges of government cultural products, the challenges of producing government cultural products, the structural challenges of the cultural management system, and the challenges of the culture management support system.Conclusion: The findings of this study have implicitly confirmed social interventions in relation to the existence of ambiguity in society and implicitly confirmed social interventions in relation to poor cultural literacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The Effects of Exports of Cultural Products on Globalization
الهه حیدری زاده فاطمه توحیدی اردهائیThis research aiming to study the effects of exports of cultural products onglobalization, initially represents the concept of globalization, the factors affecting itand its consequences, and then states the critical theory on the cultural products.Afterwards, the two t MoreThis research aiming to study the effects of exports of cultural products onglobalization, initially represents the concept of globalization, the factors affecting itand its consequences, and then states the critical theory on the cultural products.Afterwards, the two types of cultural products are introduced and the relation betweenthe phenomenon of globalization and cultural products and also its relation with theculturizing industry are described.This study is functional in terms of purpose and correlational in terms ofimplementing method. The results from the investigation indicates that according tothe viewpoints of the experts, the components of culture management, culture value,and the structural dimension are ranked from first to third in terms of affecting thephenomenon of globalization. The results also show that there is a significant relationbetween exports of cultural products and the dimensions of culture structure, culturemanagement and culture value. It was also proved that there is a significant relationbetween exports of cultural products and the phenomenon of globalization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The Agricultural Products Commercialization Explanation In Rural Economy At Karganrood Of Talesh
Seyyedeh Sedigheh HassanimehrAgriculture has long been playing important role in the economy of rural areas , so that the livelihood villagers depends on this matter. Karganrood section is one of the most important agricultural region in Talesh, and has extra production about many agricultural prod MoreAgriculture has long been playing important role in the economy of rural areas , so that the livelihood villagers depends on this matter. Karganrood section is one of the most important agricultural region in Talesh, and has extra production about many agricultural products such as Rice , Gardens, especially Kiwi...etc. Therefore Karganrood is suitable place for deployment of additional agricultural products and conversion industries. This paper focused on the commercialization explanation of agricultural products and its role in the rural economy of karganrood of Talesh in Guilan province, which selected 377 samples according to Cochran formula. Research methodology is descriptive – analytical . So some suggestions based on results in this region have been given: - The government must be support agricultures and farmers then encourage them for agricultural products production. - At this area any one has not permission for changing of land use from agricultural to settlement lands . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Content Analysis of the Viewpoints of Researchers at Agricultural Research Centers Regarding the opposition to the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products in Iran
yahya safi sis ahmad rezvanfarWhile there is no reliable scientific information about the results of the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products at the community level, and the controversy between the proponents and opponents has led the process to continue, researchers seem to be the onl MoreWhile there is no reliable scientific information about the results of the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products at the community level, and the controversy between the proponents and opponents has led the process to continue, researchers seem to be the only group that due to high knowledge, they can be responsive to consumers, farmers and the Governors. In this regard, the present study was conducted on the basis of qualitative paradigm and using content analysis to analyze the views of researchers at agricultural research centers on the opposition to cultivation and consumption of transgenic products in Iran. In order to collect the data, a semi-structured interview method with 23 researchers was used with purposeful sampling and snowball sampling. The findings of this study showed that the three factors of "environmental degradation", "endangering human health" and "Imposing cultivation and consumption, weak ethical considerations and lack of national independence" are the reasons for the opposition to the cultivation and consumption of transgenic products from the viewpoint of researchers at agricultural research centers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Impact of Educational Factors inApplication Biological Control in Greenhouse products from consumer’s point of view
یحیی Ostadi Gh Yavari محمود Shojaei S.M Mirdamadi M.A Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
36 - Explaining the Distinctive Professional Competencies Performance of Greenhouse Managers Production units in Southern Khorasan Province
Mohammad Motamedi Koroush roosta Asadullah Zamanipour Malihe FalakiPresent study conducted with the aim of explaining the distinctive Professional competencies performance of managers in greenhouse production units in Southern Khorasan. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-correlational in terms of colle MorePresent study conducted with the aim of explaining the distinctive Professional competencies performance of managers in greenhouse production units in Southern Khorasan. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive-correlational in terms of collecting data. The study was conducted through the survey method. The statistical population of the study was 141 greenhouse owners from greenhouse cucumber production Units who were selected through the census method due to the limited statistical population. The instrument used for collecting data in this study was a questionnaire. At the time of research, 117 active greenhouses and information were collected and the statistical analysis was using of the discriminant analysis. The results of the analysis showed that out of the 23 independent variables examined, only 8 variables including observing the technical principles of growing operation, observing ethical beliefs, observing managerial competencies, observing the basic/generic competencies, the method of preparing the planting bed, the number of extension-training courses, the method of preparing the terrace and the planting operation, and the experience in greenhouse cultivation could maximally differ between successful and unsuccessful managers of greenhouse cucumber production Units in order of priority based on focal correlation coefficient.Explaining the Distinctive Professional Competencies Performance of Greenhouse Managers Production units in Southern Khorasan Province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Effect of Dِifferent Hydrolyzed Protein Levels on Protease Enzymes in Rainbow Trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Alevin
علی طاهری عبدالمحمد عابدیان کناری رویین حلاج مهران حبیبی رضایی علی معتمدزادگان امین اوجی فردThis study was carried out to evaluate the effect of protein hydrolysates on proteolytic enzymesof rainbow trout alevins, Onchorhynchus mykiss. Six diets based on different levels of sardine(Sardinella gibossa) protein hydrolysate (SPH) and poultry by-products protein h MoreThis study was carried out to evaluate the effect of protein hydrolysates on proteolytic enzymesof rainbow trout alevins, Onchorhynchus mykiss. Six diets based on different levels of sardine(Sardinella gibossa) protein hydrolysate (SPH) and poultry by-products protein hydrolysate(PPH) (10% , 25% and 50%) were tested. 824±12 Alevins in 40 liter tanks, fed with these dietsfor 30 days after start the feeding. Pepsin, Trypcin, N-Aminopeptidase, Leucin-alanin peptidase,and Alkaline Phosphates measured based on spectrophotometric methods. Brush bordermembrane enzymes showed the quickly intestine entrocyte maturation in SPH25%, SPH10%and PPH10% (p<0.05).Results showed that protein hydrolysate has optimum level for quickintestine entrocytes maturation and further use of protein hydrolysate in the rainbow troutalevins diet has negative effect on this factor. In this regards optimum level substitution of fishmeal is 25% SPH and 10% PPH. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Evaluation of the prevalence of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in raw milk and dairy products by Duplex-PCR
Abri, R., Razavilar, V., Javadi, A., Ahangarzadeh Rezaee, M., Zahraei Salehi, T. .Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is very important and usual, particularly in the developing countries and it is the main reason of diarrhea in travelers to developing countries. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains are defined as intimin-containing diarrheagenic E MoreEnterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is very important and usual, particularly in the developing countries and it is the main reason of diarrhea in travelers to developing countries. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains are defined as intimin-containing diarrheagenic E. coli but do not produce Shiga toxin, which can cause diarrhea in humans and different animal species. Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains are commonly transmitted through contaminated food and water. The aim of this study was to identify Escherichia coli pathotypes in raw milk and dairy product samples using Duplex PCR. A total of 102 raw milk and dairy products samples were randomly collected from different localities in Western Azerbaijan and transferred in sterile conditions to department of food and drug microbiology lab, affiliated to Tabriz University of medical sciences. 46 E. coli were identified based on culture and a number of biochemical tests. Duplex PCR assay were developed for detection of enterotoxigenic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. The target genes selected for each category were the lt and st for ETEC, eae and bfp for EPEC isolates. According to the results, the rate of E. coli in samples was 45%. No ETEC strains were isolated from any of the samples examined and only 2 (4.34%) EPEC strains were identified. Previous studies and our results showed the high percentage of E. coli and EPEC in raw milk products. It was concluded that using raw milk without pasteurization, and using traditional dairy products produced in unsanitary conditions and are the main resources for growth of E. coli pathotypes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Analysis of gross value of irrigated agricultural products in Qazvin province based on GVIAP index
Bijan Nazari mahmoud fazeli mahnoush JenabGDP is one of the most important economic indicators at regional and national levels. Regarding climatic conditions, in most regions of Iran, production without irrigation is not economic. Hence, the analysis of irrigation sector share in total agricultural production a MoreGDP is one of the most important economic indicators at regional and national levels. Regarding climatic conditions, in most regions of Iran, production without irrigation is not economic. Hence, the analysis of irrigation sector share in total agricultural production and estimation of economic value that is associated to irrigation process is necessary. In this research, the gross value of irrigated agricultural products in Qazvin province (garden and annual crops) was calculated based on the methodology provided by the National Center for Statistics of Australia. So, irrigated and rainfed products were analyzed during the period from 2002 to 2016. The results showed, gross value of irrigated agricultural products of province in 2016 was 29491 billion Rials and equal to 95 percent of the total gross value of agricultural products. Irrigated grapes, wheat and tomatoes were rank first to third crops based on GVIAP index with 20%, 8%, 7% of gross value of irrigated agricultural productions in province. Also, based on the amount of consumed water by the products, the share of each cubic meter of irrigation water in the gross value was calculated 15259 Rials. Analysis of water use pattern showed that alfalfa with 5% share in gross value has the highest share in water use pattern (18%). In order to mitigate the economic consequences of water shortage in the agricultural sector, consideration of the GVIAP index and water use pattern can be recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Comparison of the Antibiotic Resistance of Lactobacilli Isolated from Traditional Dairy Products with the Antibiotic Resistance of Lactobacilli Isolated from Industrially Produced Dairy Products
B. Moghimi M. Ghobadi Dana R. ShapouriIntroduction: Lactobacilli are a member of the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) family that are used as starter culture in the production of industrial and traditional dairy products. Lactobacilli could potentially play an important role in the transition of antibiotic resist MoreIntroduction: Lactobacilli are a member of the Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) family that are used as starter culture in the production of industrial and traditional dairy products. Lactobacilli could potentially play an important role in the transition of antibiotic resistance to gastrointestinal bacteria or pathogenic bacteria.Materials and Methods: In this study, Lactobacilli were isolated from traditional yogurts, yogurt drinks and industrial yogurts and yogurt drinks and the antibiotic resistance to 13 antibiotic including: Penicillin, Ampicillin, Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Gentamicin, Streptomycin, Vancomycin, Nalidixic acid, Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole, Kanamycin, Rifampin, Ciprofloxacin, and Chloramphenicol have been investigated and the results were compared.Results: According to the results, vancomycin resistance was the most prevalent phenotype in traditional yogurt (45.8%) and yogurt drink (40%) and in industrial yogurt (59%) and yogurt drink (50%) respectively. Except in the case of Penicillin and rifampin there was no significant difference between the resistances of Lactobacilli isolated from industrial yogurt to other studied antibiotics in this study are compared to the resistance of Lactobacillus isolated from traditional yogurt. Ciprofloxacin resistance in Lactobacilli isolated from industrial yogurt drink is significantly higher than the resistance of Lactobacilli isolated from traditional yogurt drink and there was no significant difference between the resistances to the other studied antibiotics inLactobacillus isolated from industrial and traditional yogurt drink.Conclusion:Antibiotic resistance was observed in Lactobacilli isolates of traditional and industrial samples. It seems that there is a need to pay attention to the antibiotic resistance in starter cultures used in the food industries in order to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Evaluation of Presence of Soya Protein in Some Commercial Meat Products by Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays
sara Bazyari Hamid Reza Zamani Zadeh Maryam Mizani Anoshe SharifanIntroduction: Soya is used in meat products due to its functional and nutritional properties. Soya is also known as an intense allergen substance for some people according to the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, therefore its presence must be ment MoreIntroduction: Soya is used in meat products due to its functional and nutritional properties. Soya is also known as an intense allergen substance for some people according to the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, therefore its presence must be mentioned on the label of the products. The purpose of this study is to develop a PCR assay for identifying soy protein as a hidden allergen substance in meat products. Materials and Methods: In this study, soya and meat products samples were prepared. The extraction of DNA from samples were carried out according to the instruction provided by MBST kit. The specific primer pairs of soya were designed and ordered. The PCR conditions were standardized to obtain the desired amplicon of 118bp for soya. Finally the PCR products were electrophoresed in 1.5% agarose gels. This method was used for detection of soya in commercial meat products and the results were compared with their labeling statements. Results: In optimized PCR condition, DNA fragment of 118bp for soya was amplified. This developed technique was successfully evaluated for detection of soya in meat products. The results showed that 100% of sausages and chicken nuggets, 33.3% of cold cuts, 60% of hamburgers and 75% of Loghme Kebab contained soya. Conclusion: The results indicated that PCR assay developed in this study was a rapid, sensitive, simple, reliable and commodious method that might be used for the detection of soya in raw and heat treated meat products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Investigation the Saturated and Trans Fatty Aid contents of Confectionary Products in Kermanshah City
N. Mardafkan F. Beigmohammadi Sh. AhmadiIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials an MoreIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials and Methods: Four types of confectionary sweets popular and consumedfrequently consisted of dry, semi-dry, wet and frying types were selected and purchased fromthree famous confectionary shops with six replicate orders during six month periods. The oilsamples after extraction were subjected to methylation to prepare methyl ester of the fattyacids. The methyl ester samples were injected to a gas chromatography equipped with BPX70capillary column and Flame Ionisation Detector where the firm identification was made bycomparison with standards.Results: The results showed that the major saturated fatty acid in all the pastries was palmiticacid accounting for 25 to 35 % for different samples. The other major saturated fatty acid wasstearic acid ranging 5 to 10%. The unsaturated fatty acid; elaidic acid (C18:1t) accounted for7 to 13%, expect for Doughnut that was less than 1%. In total the amount of saturated fattyacids and trans fatty acid of the samples was much higher than the minimum standardtherefore total TFA content in Nan Brenji A, B and C brands were13.3, 8.03 and 11.45,respectively. The values of TFA in Danish type were 15.67, 15.25 and 16.78, respectivelyand in Napeloni type was11.82, 15.9 and 11.46, respectively.Conclusion: It is necessary and advisable to replace the edible oils containing high trans fattyacids in the formulation of these sweets with healthier ones containing lower trans content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigation of vegetation biodiversity changes in relation to different ecotourism pressure zones (Case Study: Khojir National Park)
Atlas Jirdashtani Mahdi Ramezani Sara Nahibi Nematollah KhorasaniBackground and Objective: Nowadays, ecotourism is very important for managing economic growth as well as preserving the environment and biodiversity in many countries. Ecotourism is one of the most comprehensive aspects of tourism that has a high impact on biodiversity. MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, ecotourism is very important for managing economic growth as well as preserving the environment and biodiversity in many countries. Ecotourism is one of the most comprehensive aspects of tourism that has a high impact on biodiversity. Evaluation of biodiversity as an indicator is essential for better conservation of vegetation and species diversity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of ecotourism on species diversity of Khojir National Park. Material and Methodology: We selected a low-ecotourism pressure zone (100 to 150 m distance from the road) and a medium-ecotourism pressure zone (50 to 100 meters from the road). All plant species were recorded at 36 random plots (1 × 1 m, 1 m2). Biodiversity indicates determine by using PAST and Ecological Methodology software.Findings: According to the results, there was a significant negative relation between statements of questionnaire and age. Relation between willing to certificated products and educational levels was positive significantly. There was not a significant relation between income levels and their wellness to these products.Discussion and Conclusions: knowledge and willing to participate in forest management via certificated forest products purchasing are affected by social other than economic factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Impact of the Theory of Consumption Values on Green Purchasing Behavior with Emphasis on Mediator Role of Environmental Concern (Case study: Consumers of green products in Tehran)
Mirza Hasan Hoseini Reza norouzi ajirlooBackground and Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased over the past decades. In response to these concerns, consumers are helping to protect the environment by purchasing and using green products. The purpose of this study was to investigate MoreBackground and Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased over the past decades. In response to these concerns, consumers are helping to protect the environment by purchasing and using green products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thetheory of consumption values on green purchasing behavior, with emphasis on the role of mediator of environmental concern of consumers of green products under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran in Tehran. Method: This research is an applied and methodological research of correlation type. The statistical population of this research is customers of stores under the supervision of the Organic Society of Iran located in Tehran. A total of 320 customers were selected as the sample. Data were collected using standard questionnaires and data analysis using structural equation modeling with Smart-PLS software. Findings: The results of the research show that environmental concern of consumers of green products mediates the impact of consumption theory on green purchasing behavior, and there is a positive and significant relationship between the theory of consumption valuesand environmental concerns of green consumers in Tehran. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, considering the environmental concerns of consumers, buying green products is influenced by the value of consumption. Consumers with high environmental concern support green products more, and show greater readiness to choose them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The Concentration of Lead and Cadmium in Some Greenhouse Products and its Effect on Human Health
Saleh Sanjari Naser Boroomand Mojtaba MoghbeliBackground and Objective: Regarding the importance of using the healthy vegetables, it is important to control the concentration of heavy metals in order to provide the health of consumers. Therefore, this study was done with the aim of investigating the evaluation of t MoreBackground and Objective: Regarding the importance of using the healthy vegetables, it is important to control the concentration of heavy metals in order to provide the health of consumers. Therefore, this study was done with the aim of investigating the evaluation of the risk of heavy metals on human health trough consumption of greenhouse products.Material and Methodology: Samples included eggplants, tomatoes, greenhouse cucumbers and strawberries, were collected randomly from Jiroft greenhouses and the concentration of lead and cadmium in leaves and fruits of these plants were measured. The amount of EDI was defined for each product according to daily consumption.Findings: The average concentration of lead and cadmium in samples were different. The highest and the lowest amount of cadmium respectively belonged to tomatoes and greenhouse cucumbers. The results showed that levels of lead and cadmium in most of the products were more than the standard range recommended by the institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran and the FAO-WHO.Discussion and Conclusions: The results showed that the amount of lead and cadmium exceeded the standard index, However the amount of EDI was less than or equal to PTDI reported by Standards Institute's of Iran. Overall, according to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the consumption of these products has not any negative effects on the consumers' health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Studying the Effect of Economic and Social Factors on the Willing to Participate in Sustainable Forest Management Using Sustainability Certification (Case Study Furniture Market Yaftabad - Tehran)
Nastaran Akbarizadeh Rahim Maleknia Ziaodin Badehian Sheyda KhosraviBackground and Objective: Sustainability certification is public participation in sustainable forest management using certificated forest products. So, the investigation of willing to pay of public as key component of this process is first and important step. This study MoreBackground and Objective: Sustainability certification is public participation in sustainable forest management using certificated forest products. So, the investigation of willing to pay of public as key component of this process is first and important step. This study was conducted to Studying the effect of economic and social factors on the willing to participate in sustainable forest management using sustainability certification. Material and Methodology: 400 users of forest products were surveyed using questionnaire. Socio-economic data and opinions about forest certification were gathered. Statistical analyzes were done using correlation, t-test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings: According to the results, there was a significant negative relation between statements of questionnaire and age. Relation between willing to certificated products and educational levels was positive significantly. There was not a significant relation between income levels and their wellness to these products. Discussion and Conclusions: knowledge and willing to participate in forest management via certificated forest products purchasing are affected by social other than economic factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media
Farzad Zahedi Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar Hossein Morteza Mahmoudzadeh Sohrab YazdaniBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media. Material and Methodology: In this study, which was synthetic and inductive-deductive in terms of data colle MoreBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media. Material and Methodology: In this study, which was synthetic and inductive-deductive in terms of data collection method, 15 industrial management specialists at the university level participated as panel members in the quality department. Therefore, relying on meta-analysis, first 13 studies were reviewed as a basis for evaluation to determine the visual content of green food products advertising of knowledge-based companies on social media in the form of critical evaluation that according to which, 20 themes of selected propositions were entered into Delphi analysis in a checklist manner to determine the theoretical adequacy. In this stage, 9 propositions were removed during the two stages of Delphi analysis and a total of 11 propositions entered the quantitative analysis section, ie comprehensive structural interpretive analysis. Findings: The results showed that the theme of capturing customers' minds based on material design as an aesthetic ecosystem (V11) based on the commonality of output propositions and equal elements, as the last level proposition (fifth level of influence) is the most effective theme of visual product advertising. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products: Study of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food
Majid Sabouri Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar Hossein Mohammadreza Abdoli Yaghub Alavimatin Mehdi ZinaliBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products about of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food.Material and M MoreBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products about of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food.Material and Methodology: In this study, which was conducted in two qualitative and interactive sections, 15 specialists and experts in the field of marketing at the university level and 20 managers in knowledge-based companies participated in these two sections.Findings: Results in the qualitative part of the existence of three main.Discussion and Conclusion: The results in the qualitative section also showed that the main driver of perceptual approaches in the aesthetics of green products is the proposition of using material design as an aesthetic ecosystem in capturing the minds of customers, which will have consequences such as brand identity of green products.It was also found that the main stimulus for perceptual approaches to green product health was the use of international logos and the insertion of special codes (USDA) into green product health, which led to the stimulation of customers' perceptions of the organic nature of green food products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Effect Pygmalion in Support of Green Food Products
Majid Sabouri Hossein Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar, Mohammadreza Abdoli Yaghub Alavimatin Mehdi ZinaliBackground and Objective: Green products are considered as one of the social consumerism approaches that need to have a collectivist perception in order to support it under today's environmental conditions. The purpose of this research is Effect Pygmalion in Support of MoreBackground and Objective: Green products are considered as one of the social consumerism approaches that need to have a collectivist perception in order to support it under today's environmental conditions. The purpose of this research is Effect Pygmalion in Support of Green Food Products.Material and Methodology: This research is combined in terms of methodology, because focusing on qualitative and quantitative analysis processes seeks to provide a model and then explain it at the level of knowledge-based companies in the field of oil industry. The statistical population of the study was in the qualitative part of academic experts and in the quantitative part the managers of knowledge-based companies in the food sector participated.Findings: The results in the quantitative part also showed that identifying the green brand as a theme of perception based on sustainable development is the most effective basis of perception based on the success of transcendentalism (Pygmalion) in supporting the greenness of food products at the level of knowledge-based companiesDisscotion & Conclusion: This result shows that knowledge-based companies that are active in the field of green food products and their derivatives, both in terms of the product itself and in terms of production processes, can identify the brand position of their green products in this field. Create a more coherent understanding of the environmental support of institutions and customers, especially their major customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Designing a Model of Digital Branding of Healthy Agricultural Products in Iran Using Grounded Theory Method
Abolghasem Mohammadnezhad Ali Zamini Arezo Ahmadi danyali Mahmoud Ahmadi SharifBackground & Objective: In today's era, the natural environment will be an important arena for competitive differentiation and branding, and environmental issues are changing the competitive landscape in many industries, including agriculture. This research focuses on t MoreBackground & Objective: In today's era, the natural environment will be an important arena for competitive differentiation and branding, and environmental issues are changing the competitive landscape in many industries, including agriculture. This research focuses on the design of the digital branding model of healthy agricultural products in Iran using the grounded theory method in the Iranian market. Material and Methodology: To discover the indicators, components and dimensions of the digital brand, both qualitative and quantitative methods of MaxQDA and Smart-PLS software have been used. The data of the research was conducted through in-depth semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire made by the researcher using the purposeful sampling method in the community of digital brand builders in the country. In order to quantitatively measure the validity of qualitative analysis, the Holstie coefficient is used. According to Morgan's Karjisi table, the sample size of the confirmatory factor analysis was determined and distributed by simple random method through Porsa system. Also, to check the construct validity, divergent and convergent validity were calculated. Findings: The causal conditions of the digital brand of healthy agricultural products in Iran include 3 categories: economic security of the farmer, food security, differentiation of agricultural products. The main category resulting from causal conditions includes 3 subcategories: digital branding of healthy agricultural products, benefiting from the power of the green brand community, and increasing contact points with customers and stakeholders. Background conditions in the model of digital branding of healthy agricultural products include 3 categories: environmental ethics, digital marketing and production of healthy agricultural products. The intervening conditions facilitate the causal conditions and do not lead to behavior by themselves, but by affecting the causal conditions, they influence the digital branding of healthy agricultural products. Intervening conditions include 2 categories: society culture and consumer expectations of green products brand. The consequences and results of applying the strategies and actions resulting from the digital branding of healthy agricultural products include 4 categories: water, soil and air protection, agricultural economic growth, green food products and food security. Discussion and conclusion: The results of confirmatory factor analysis show that the dimensions, components and indicators of digital branding of healthy agricultural products are compatible with experimental findings. Digital branding is a long and continuous and costly process, so it requires the financial support of the authorities. Also, in order to create employment and food safety and health, digital branding of healthy agricultural products should be promoted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Evaluating the Effects of Altruistic Value, Environmental Awareness, and Social Media on Green Purchasing Behavior with the Mediating Role of Normative Goal and Environmental Concern
Fereshteh Mohammadsalehi alireza rousta Majid AhmadiBackground & Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased in the past few decades. In response to these concerns, consumers help preserve the environment by adopting green purchasing behavior and using green products. Environmental issues and e MoreBackground & Objective: Concerns about environmental degradation have increased in the past few decades. In response to these concerns, consumers help preserve the environment by adopting green purchasing behavior and using green products. Environmental issues and environmental protection are one of the most important criteria that consumers should consider when purchasing. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effects of altruistic value, environmental awareness and social media on green purchasing behavior with the mediating role of normative goal and environmental concern. Material and Methodology: This study is considered as an applied research in terms of purpose and survey-descriptive research in terms data collection method. The statistical population of the research is the customers of organic food products in Tehran in 2022. Also, 415 questionnaires were distributed using available sampling method and 387 questionnaires were collected. The reliability of the questionnaire was evaluated by evaluating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.919. Validity of the research tool has been confirmed by performing confirmatory factor analysis technique. Structural equation modeling has also been used to analyze the information. Findings: According to the results of research hypotheses, the perceived effectiveness of the customer, social media, environmental awareness, and altruistic value have a significant effect on the normative goal and environmental concern. Also, the role of normative goal and environmental concern on green purchasing behavior has been shown. Discussion and conclusion: From the point of view of customers, the most influential factor on the environmental attitude is the altruistic value variable with the statistic of 13/363 and the least effective factor on the normative goal is the environmental awareness variable with a statistic of 3.521. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Explaining the role of personality and structural characteristics of management on the competitiveness in the market of products of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange: Emphasis on data mining models and data envelopment analysis
Amir Faridnia Mohsen Lotfi Behrooz EskandarpoorThis study the effect of a set of personality and structural characteristics of management (including short-sightedness, optimism, conservatism, independence, gender diversity of the board, stability and ability of management) on competitiveness in The market of product MoreThis study the effect of a set of personality and structural characteristics of management (including short-sightedness, optimism, conservatism, independence, gender diversity of the board, stability and ability of management) on competitiveness in The market of products of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange has been discussed. This study uses a sample of 144 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2007-2007 and using statistical methods such as data envelopment analysis, regression model based on panel data and Data mining methods (neural network model and decision tree) have been performed. Findings of regression methods showed that among the studied variables, short-sightedness, board independence, stability and management ability had a significant effect on competitiveness in the products market. Comparison of the results of regression methods and data mining models showed that among the characteristics of management, only the variables of short-sightedness, ability and robustness of management had a significant effect on competitiveness in the market of products of companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Network Data Envelopment Analysis Models For Measuring Efficiency Of a Four-Stage Supply Chain With Returned Outputs
M. Vaez-Ghasemi Z. Moghaddas B. Rahmani -
Open Access Article
54 - Bessel multipliers on the tensor product of Hilbert $C^\ast-$ modules
M. Mirzaee ‎Azandaryani -
Open Access Article
55 - The role of guarantee of legal and criminal executions in protecting consumer rights in genetically modified products
elahe soleimani Shirin Shirazian Maryam afshariConsidering the unknown long-term effects of genetically modified products and the complexities of proving guilt and the relationship between the consumption of these products and their effects on humans and the environment, it is necessary to formulate a special legal MoreConsidering the unknown long-term effects of genetically modified products and the complexities of proving guilt and the relationship between the consumption of these products and their effects on humans and the environment, it is necessary to formulate a special legal system based on the approval of a law specific to these organisms.In this article, using library sources and analytical-comparative method, first of all, the concepts and generalities related to genetically modified products and the difference between the guarantee of executions in the legal system of Iran and the European Union are discussed, the existing challenges and finally the solutions to solve them. These challenges have also been explainedIran's biosafety law, unlike the European Union regulations, does not clarify the compensation system and the method of compensation, and for this reason, it cannot be expected that consumer rights will be properly protected.The biosafety law regarding the rights of consumers of transgenic products has shortcomings and loopholes, which due to the rapid developments in the field of biotechnology, especially the production of more transgenic products and their commercialization, doubles the necessity of its amendment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Contaminant-immobilization Amendments: Immobilization Mechanisms and Environmental Considerations of Application
Ramin SalmasiPollutant discharge from agricultural systems as a result if agricultural activities is as one of the factors for soil and water quality. Various soil and water remediation techniques including the use of chemical amendments have been applied to reduce the risks associa MorePollutant discharge from agricultural systems as a result if agricultural activities is as one of the factors for soil and water quality. Various soil and water remediation techniques including the use of chemical amendments have been applied to reduce the risks associated with these contaminants. This paper reviews the use of chemical amendments for immobilizing chemical amendments, the chemistry of contaminant immobilization, and environmental concerns associated with the use of these products. The commonly used chemical amendments were grouped into aluminum-, calcium-, and iron-containing products. Other products of interest include phosphorus-containing compounds and silicate clays. Mechanisms of contaminant immobilization include one or a combination of the following: surface precipitation, adsorption to mineral surfaces (ion exchange and formation of stable complexes), precipitation as salts, and co-precipitation. Reviews of environmental implications revealed that undesirable substances such as trace elements, fluoride, sulfate, total dissolved solids, as well as radioactive materials associated with some industrial wastes used as amendment could be leached to ground water or lost through runoff to receiving water bodies. The acidity or alkalinity associated with some of the industrial-waste amendments could also constitute a substantial environmental hazard. Chemical amendments have elements capable of affecting the activities of certain microbes that could influence geochemical processes such as mineral dissolution and formation, weathering, and organic matter mineralization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Green Design Product: a New Approach in the Environmental Management Accounting
mohammad norooziAlthough economic development and growthing business activities and markets along with economic growth and the social walfare human beigns has taken pleace, but with the pressure on the natural systems of the planct and have been used none renewable natural resourses, w MoreAlthough economic development and growthing business activities and markets along with economic growth and the social walfare human beigns has taken pleace, but with the pressure on the natural systems of the planct and have been used none renewable natural resourses, which load to more extraction natural resources, accumulation of waste materials and destruction of the environment. This paper referring to accounting for environmental management, as one of the influential factors in environmental management and natural resources explains, the concept of green product design and operational process on the use of company products. The results show that green production processes to environmentally friendly product design, to analyze the situation and selection criteria and evaluation of plans for the replacement, to finally the products with positive effects on corporate performance, and the value in the supply chain to achieve green management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from raw milk
faeze zadsafar MOHSEN ZARGAR سید سهیل آقاییAbstractBackground and Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen bacteria, that is resistance to antibiotics and can be used in patients with immune deficiency and cause disease. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aerugino MoreAbstractBackground and Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen bacteria, that is resistance to antibiotics and can be used in patients with immune deficiency and cause disease. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from raw milk and multiple resistance of the isolates and ESBL isolates.Method: Initially, 117 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from dairy products were confirmed by the standard methods of microbiology and then evaluated the antibiotic resistance of 10 strains against 10 antibiotic which selected from different categories according to the CLSI standard. Results: In the study of antibiotic resistance Ceftazidime antibiotic showed most Antibiotic resistance and amikacin antibiotic polymyxin B antibiotic resistance and lowest, respectively.27 isolates (23%), multiple drug resistance (MDR), the three classes of antibiotics showedand 86 isolates were resistant to the ceftazidime antibiotic (73.5%) isolates, of which 28 were positive ESBL (32.55%). Conclusion: Due to high prevalence Pseudomonas aeruginosa in raw milk, and existence of antibiotic resistance genes in bacteria, it is necessary to apply appropriate strategies for livestock health control, to prevent the spread of bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigating the essential oil of the medicinal plant Thymus (Thymus vulgaris L.) in the production of probiotic dairy products by determining the viability of bacteria
farah farahani Alireza Tammimi Mohammad Reza Khatami nejadPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the essential oil of the medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L. in the production of probiotic dairy products by determining the viability. Materials and methods: Thyme essential oil is used as a flavoring agent MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the essential oil of the medicinal plant Thymus vulgaris L. in the production of probiotic dairy products by determining the viability. Materials and methods: Thyme essential oil is used as a flavoring agent in the production of traditional and industrial dairy products (yogurt, buttermilk, and curd). To produce probiotic products and pasteurized dairy products, bacteria are inoculated and different concentrations of thyme essential oil (0, 25, 40, 70, 100 and 130 micrograms/ liter) are added to dairy products. The viability of bacteria in dairy products is checked at specific time intervals (0, 4, 8, 12 and 20 days). Findings: By increasing the concentration of thyme in traditional and industrial dairy products, there is a significant decrease in the logarithm of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium bacteria (P<0.05). The highest viability of bacteria was observed with low concentrations of thyme in traditional yogurt, and with moderate amounts of essential oil in buttermilk and traditional curd, within 20 days. The highest viability of bacteria is in yogurt and industrial butter with high concentration and in industrial curd with a decrease in the amount of essential oil. The highest viability of Bifidobacterium bacteria is found with high concentrations of thyme in yogurt, buttermilk and traditional curd (P<0.05), also with low concentrations of thyme in industrial yogurt and buttermilk, and with high concentrations in industrial curd. Conclusion: In industrial dairy products with thyme, the viability of Bifidobacterium bacteria is longer, and in traditional dairy products, the shelf life of Lactobacillus bacteria is longer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Advanced Oxidation Process for Haloacetic Acid Removal in Tehranpars Water Treatment Using CuO Nanocatalyst
Seyedeh Niloofar Alavi Seyed Ali Jozi Kambiz Tahvildar Shahrzad Khoramnezhadian -
Open Access Article
61 - Non-destructive spectroscopic methods in the identification and quantitative measurement of various mycotoxins in pistachios
Rouhollah Karami-Osboo fahimeh faridshayganThe problem of aflatoxin contamination of pistachios is one of the important research issues and one of the national and regional problems of this valuable product and pistachio exporting countries have always used this tactic against Iranian pistachios in order to comp MoreThe problem of aflatoxin contamination of pistachios is one of the important research issues and one of the national and regional problems of this valuable product and pistachio exporting countries have always used this tactic against Iranian pistachios in order to compete in the international market. Many agricultural products are at risk of aflatoxin contamination and have been allowed in food due to health hazards. So in agriculture, we need controllers or processors of products, which are fast and cheap. The presence of fungi and the feeding of spores causes them to grow and produce more toxins in the product. The purpose of this study was to review the use of a spectroscopic method (surface-enhanced Raman SERS or FTIR) to detect the type and concentration of aflatoxin in pistachios using a simple method and rapid one-step extraction to discover and implement the method for analysis and Analysis is in place. The proposed SERS method can be used as a powerful tool to generate useful power for analysis with great accuracy and convenience to detect aflatoxins in many parts of the sample required for rapid analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The anti-inflammatory and antitumor potential of Cryptocarya concinna Hance and its phytoconsituents
Christian Bailly Gerard Vergoten -
Open Access Article
63 - The Factors Influencing the Scientific Productivity of the Faculty Members of the Islamic Azad University (Branch )
mohammadreza soleymani ali shokohiThis research aims at investigating the factors that the scientific products of faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) th region. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire. A sample of full-time faculty members was drawn using stratified random sampling met MoreThis research aims at investigating the factors that the scientific products of faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) th region. A survey was conducted using a questionnaire. A sample of full-time faculty members was drawn using stratified random sampling method. The findings showed that journal articles accounted for the highest and patents accounted for the lowest number of scientific outputs. Humanities scholars had the highest and Art scholars had the lowest number of scientific products. A range of personal factors affected scientific productivity. Besides organizational factors, information skills and scientific communications, the other factors such as welfare facilities, research facilities, and management style of the university showed no impact on the scientific productivity of the population. Scholarly journals and books were the most used information resources. Improving personal knowledge and promotion were the top motivations for conducting research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Modeling the Purchase Intention of the Iranian Brand in the Home Appliance Industry
Alireza Alikhani Saeid Sharifi -
Open Access Article
65 - Detection Of Enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus Isolated from Meat Products from Zanjan
Zahra Deilami Khiabani GHazaleh ShamsolmaaliInroduction and Objective:Most of Bacillus cereus isolates can cause diarrhoeal and emetic types of food poisoning. The diarrhoeal illnesses can be caused by hemolysin BL (HBL), non-hemolytic (NHE) and cytotoxin K. Use of meat products is common nowadays. There is no pr MoreInroduction and Objective:Most of Bacillus cereus isolates can cause diarrhoeal and emetic types of food poisoning. The diarrhoeal illnesses can be caused by hemolysin BL (HBL), non-hemolytic (NHE) and cytotoxin K. Use of meat products is common nowadays. There is no precise report ofB. cereus contamination in Iran, therefore it is important to study in this case.Materials andMethods:80 meat products were collected form stores in Zanjan then the samples were cultured in PEMPA. Following the biochemical tests, the bacterial colonies were identified by PCR. Then B. cereus isolates were checked for NHE complex genes by specific primers using PCR.Results:Results showed that 32 samples of 80 were contaminated with B. cereus. The NHE complex genes were found in 14 samples.The results of this study have shown that NHE PCR is a prompt, reliable method for differentiation between non-enterotoxigenic and enterotoxigenic isolates of B. cereus. Conclusion:Enhancing awareness about virulence and prevalence of genes involved in food poisoning would be effective in the prevention of food poisoning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Evolution of strategic plasma industry in Iran
Zahra Ghasemi fatemeh Babaei Fatemeh ParsaPlasma-derived Medicinal Products (PDMPs) are categorized as the biological treatments and used to treat rare, chronic, severe and life-threatening conditions, such as primary immunodeficiency syndrome, bleeding disorders (hemophilia A and B), hemolytic diseases, severe MorePlasma-derived Medicinal Products (PDMPs) are categorized as the biological treatments and used to treat rare, chronic, severe and life-threatening conditions, such as primary immunodeficiency syndrome, bleeding disorders (hemophilia A and B), hemolytic diseases, severe infections, burns and liver diseases, as well as other diseases that caused by absence or lack of proper functioning of certain proteins, and lastly result in recessive patient’s quality of life.The first step in the production of PDMPs, is to collect plasma from eligible and healthy donors. This initial stage is complex and is closely monitored by global authorities with high accuracy and sensitivity to ensure the quality and safety of the finished products, as well as the donor's health.The availability and accessibility of manufactured PDMPs strongly depends on the availability of human plasma as its raw material, meaning that sufficient volume of plasma for fractionation is crucial. Therefore, Adopting a suitable national health policy regarding plasma donation, establishing collection centers, and raising public awareness of the importance of plasma donation will improve nation’s culture for adequate supply of PDMPs. in this paper, we decided to provide a brief and complete oversight of the Iranian plasma industry and highlight the significance of covering the market with toll- manufactured products with Iranian plasma. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - the Factors Affecting the Export Performance of Sporting Products to Achieve a World Class with an Emphasis on Human Resource Development
Forough Mohammadi Narges Azam nezami Masoumeh Kalateh Mohammad Hossein Razavi Hasan FarsijaniThe purpose of this paper was to level the factors affecting the export performance of sports products to reach the global class with an emphasis on human resource development by employing interpretive-structural modeling. The current research is a mixture of developmen MoreThe purpose of this paper was to level the factors affecting the export performance of sports products to reach the global class with an emphasis on human resource development by employing interpretive-structural modeling. The current research is a mixture of developmental and applied. Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software environment is the level and internal relationships between extraction factors and finally classified based on MICMAC analysis of power and dependency. The results showed that model factors are located in 5 levels and motivate people for human resources, trust building, organizational communication, training and human resource skills at the fifth level of the model and have the most impact on human resource development (level four), quality, Innovation, flexibility, cost reduction, time reduction, sales and after-sales services (third level), production and service in the world class (second level), world-class sports industry, and the empowerment of export performance of sports products (Level one) . In MICMAC analysis, human resource development factors (independent variables) that stimulate and motivate other factors. Based on the results of the research, successful and effective sports managers and marketers, by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided.by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods
jahanbakhsh anbarian mojtaba shahnoushi saeed sharifiAbstract:Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods.Methodology: In terms of purpose, the current research is an appli MoreAbstract:Objective: The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a cultural marketing management model with the approach of supporting the production of domestic sports products and goods.Methodology: In terms of purpose, the current research is an applied research type, and in terms of method type, it is considered a mixed research method. The use of qualitative research methods, such as case studies, focus group interviews, theory based on data, action research, etc., only study the non-quantitative aspects of phenomena and alone cannot reveal the reality of phenomena related to management. and fulfill all the objectives of this research. . Therefore, it is necessary to use both qualitative and quantitative research methods to understand the management issues and to understand the reality of the constituent elements of the management organization. Quantitative research considers a part of the target statistical population by using sampling methods and collects the desired information by sending survey forms (online or manual) in the form of questionnaires, etc. The results of the statistical analysis of such data make quantitative research results. The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of marketing experts and cultural managers who were semi-structured interviewed based on the information saturation of 15 participants. And in a small part, they were those who are active in the field of production, distribution and sale of cultural products. And based on Cochran's formula and sample size related to the number of variables in structural equation modeling, 250 people were selected as a sample. For data analysis, we used MAX QDA software in the qualitative section and SPSS and smartPLS software in the descriptive and inferential statistics sections. Findings: The findings showed that the factor loading values of all the items are greater than 0.4 and therefore the measurement model is a homogeneous model and the factor loading values are acceptable values. The results of the significance analysis of the t-statistic values showed that the t-statistic values for all items were reported to be greater than 2.58. This means that the relationship between the items with their respective latent variable is accepted at the confidence level of 99%. Model predictive power or shared redundancy is a measure to check the structural model. The purpose of this index is to check the ability of the structural model in forecasting by ignoring method. The most famous and well-known criterion for measuring this ability is the Q2 index, based on this criterion, the model should predict the indicators of the reflective endogenous hidden variable. The values obtained from this test are positive, which indicates the appropriate quality of the structural model. The results showed that the prediction power of the model is strong. Conclusion: The results showed that the strengthening of the private sector, optimal market management, planning and organization of production products in line with the promotion and sale of local cultural goods are the most important effective factors. Also, cultural marketing management strategies in the form of a specialized perspective, understanding the dimensions Cultural marketing, academic attitude to cultural marketing, empowerment, international interactions in order to manage cultural marketing as best as possible have been identified in this research.Keywords: marketing, cultural marketing, supporting national production, sports products and goods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Fumigant toxicity and lethal activity of essential oil from Haplophyllum tuberculatum to Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae
Rahil AsadiIn this study, fumigant activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss (Rutaceae) essential oil was assessed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Sitophilus oryzae L. . The experiment was conducted at 27±1ْ C, 60± 5 RH% in dark condition. Dry le MoreIn this study, fumigant activity of Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss (Rutaceae) essential oil was assessed against Tribolium castaneum Herbst and Sitophilus oryzae L. . The experiment was conducted at 27±1ْ C, 60± 5 RH% in dark condition. Dry leaves and flowers were subjected to hydrodistulation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus to obtain essential oil. The fumigant toxicity was studied against one to seven days old adult of T. castaneum and S. oryzae with four concentration at several exposure times (3, 6, 9, 12 and 24h.). Results showed that H. tuberculatum oil was shown to be highly effective on adults of T. castaneum and S. oryzae. The mortality of 1-7 days old adults was found to be increased significantly as its concentration and time were increased. Analysis showed that S. oryzae (LC50= 14.9 μl.L-1) was more susceptible to H. tuberculatum than T. castaneum (LC50= 23.1 μl.L-1). The finding indicated the efficiency of H. tuberculatum oil to manage store product pests such as T. castaneum and S. oryzae. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Effect of Oil Price Volatility and Petroleum Bloomberg Index on Stock Market Returns of Tehran Stock Exchange Using EGARCH Model
Gholamreza Zomorodian Laleh Barzegar Soghra Kazemi Mohammad Poortalebi -
Open Access Article
71 - Pistachio orchard pests in kermanshah province and the first report of Thrips minutissimus
A. Jamshidi hasan ali vahedi A. A. Zamani B. Farhadi bansolehPistachio is one of the most important and economical agricultural products of Iran from the standpoint of exportation. Iran is the first largest producer of pistachio in the world. Due to expansion of pistachio orchards in Kermanshah province, this research was done in MorePistachio is one of the most important and economical agricultural products of Iran from the standpoint of exportation. Iran is the first largest producer of pistachio in the world. Due to expansion of pistachio orchards in Kermanshah province, this research was done in 2017, 2018 and 2019 to identify the pests of these trees. Different sampling methods such as direct collection, rearing in laboratory, sweep in net, white tray, light trap, aspirators were used to collect insects. Finally, 13 species of insect pests including Sulamicerus stali Fieber, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer, Forda hirsuta Mordvilko, Anapulvinaria pistaciae Bodenheimer, Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya, Acrosternum heegeri Fieber, Polydrosus davatchii Hoffman, Anthaxia judinae Stepanov, Carphoborus perrisi Chapuis, Recurvaria pistaciicola Danilewski, Eurytoma plontnikovi Nikolskaya were reported on pistachio trees in pistachio orchards. Labidostomis luristanica Warchalowski (Col .: Chrysomelidae) was first report from Kermanshah province and Thrips minutissimus Linnaeus (Thy .: Thripidae) is reported for the first time on pistachio trees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Evaluation of nitrite residue in Sausages, marketed in Tabas city
Mohammad Reza Marvimoghadam Ataollah Azhdari Gholam Reza SharifzadehNitrite and nitrate are used in some products, such as sausages. Excessive consumption of these chemicals is hazardous for humans, so the use of these compounds must be within the standards ranges. The aim of this research was measurement of nitrite residue in meat prod MoreNitrite and nitrate are used in some products, such as sausages. Excessive consumption of these chemicals is hazardous for humans, so the use of these compounds must be within the standards ranges. The aim of this research was measurement of nitrite residue in meat products which were marketed in Tabas city. Totally100samples from four different meat products were collected randomly and studied in the food laboratory of South Khorasan provincial of standard and industrial research service by spectrophotometric method. Data were analyzed with SPSS-19 software. The statistical analysis of data showed that the nitrite content in Mortadella, dry sausages, Bockwursts and cocktail sausages was higher than Iranian standard limit in 24%, 16%, 12% and 4% of samples, respectively and in this regard, 14% of all samples were distinguished unusable. The average amount of nitrite in all samples was 72.33± 2.8ppm, moreover the highest and the lowest level of nitrite observed in Mortadella (92±4.7 ppm) and Cocktail sausages (52.1±3.04 ppm), respectively, also the average amount of nitrite in all samples and different brands, was lower than the Iranian standard limit, significantly (P<0.05). The results of this survey indicate that nitrite residue in 20% of Mortadella & dry sausage samples and 8% of Bockwursts & cocktail sausage samples were higher than the standard limit, so it is believed that stricter preventive measuring is necessary and partial replacement of nitrate with natural preservatives is also recommended Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Natural marine products are a source of new drugs
Lida Shojaei kavanNatural products from plants, animals, microbes and minerals have long been a traditional source for treating human diseases. Recent advances in analytical, spectroscopic, and high-throughput screening technology have greatly revived the discovery of natural drugs, incl MoreNatural products from plants, animals, microbes and minerals have long been a traditional source for treating human diseases. Recent advances in analytical, spectroscopic, and high-throughput screening technology have greatly revived the discovery of natural drugs, including the contribution of marine products-based drugs. The marine environment is a unique resource that contains enormous biological diversity and may potentially lead to successful treatments. An increasing number of compounds from marine sources are entering clinical trials, and thus, the field's impact on the pharmaceutical industry is increasing. Marine organisms are excellent producers of natural chemicals with diverse structures and pharmacological activities. Most of the new products being produced from the sea are anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious products. Invertebrates and seaweeds are diverse and at the same time rich sources of biologically active substances for the production of new drugs. Despite all the efforts made to isolate new drugs from the sea, due to the obstacles in the way of the mass production of these drugs, including the limitation of the reserves of marine organisms, the cultivation and propagation of these organisms and the isolation of medicinal substances from them, in the realm of experience and The test remains. However, according to the progress of science, marine medicines have a very bright perspective and will lead to the creation and expansion of effective treatment methods in the medical field in the near future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - A Developed Model for Purchase Intention of Foreign Food Products: An Empirical Study in the Iranian Context
Maryam Zarif Sagheb Seyed Kamran Nourbakhsh Mirfeiz Fallahshams -
Open Access Article
75 - Providing a Comprehensive Branding Pattern for Organic Product with a Sensory Marketing Approach
Bentolhoda Kohanzahedani Esmaeil Hassanpour Qorughchi Vahid Reza Mirabi -
Open Access Article
76 - Assessing the Out-Of-Home Advertising Model of Consumer Products (Case study of food industry in Fars province)
Abdulaziz Shourangiz Hassan Biabani Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar -
Open Access Article
77 - Four-Stage Supply Chain Design for Perishable Products and Evaluate it by Considering the Triple Dimensions of Sustainability
Shahryar Marzban Morteza Shafiee Mohammad Reza Mozaffari -
Open Access Article
78 - Multi-Objective Mathematical Model for Locating Flow Optimization Facilities in Supply Chain of Deteriorating Products
Hamidreza Mohammadi Reza Ehtesham Rasi -
Open Access Article
79 - Designing a Strategic Model for Pricing Industrial Products with an Approach Activity-Based Costing Based on the Data Theorizing Method of the Foundation
Mehran Gholami Mohammad Hakak -
Open Access Article
80 - Evaluating the extent to which public relations of private organizations employ social networks to introduce products and services
Alireza Biabannavard Sarvestani Helen Hedeshian -
Open Access Article
81 - Scenario Development of Talent Management System in Iran's National Oil Products Distribution Company
Gholam Reza Ghadiri Nezhad Mojtaba Rajab Baigy abdolkhalegh gholami chenarestan olya -
Open Access Article
82 - Identifying The Influencing Factors Of Design Standardization In The Industrialization Of Architecture: Review And Future Directions
nastaran Esmaeili Mohsen vafamehr Hassan Rezaei ali khaki -
Open Access Article
83 - Estimation model of oil productions Price in Iran
ramiar refaei Mostafa BaghbanyanAbstract:One of the most important factors in determining the price of oil products is the price of crude oil and the exchange rate. Crude oil is the main source of refiners in the production of petroleum products, and exchange rate changes are expected to be expected b MoreAbstract:One of the most important factors in determining the price of oil products is the price of crude oil and the exchange rate. Crude oil is the main source of refiners in the production of petroleum products, and exchange rate changes are expected to be expected by producers and demanders, and ultimately oil products. In this paper, taking advantage of influential factors, using The convergence approach (FMOLS, CCR, DOLS) and for the period 1969-1999, the oil price model is evaluated. The estimated results showed that in three models (except for the model of furnace as dependent variable), the price of crude oil has a positive and significant effect on the price of long-term oil products, and in all four models, the exchange rate has positive effects of meaning You have the price of oil products in Iran. Short-term results also indicate that the process of moving the variables toward satisfactory long-term equilibrium is satisfactory. Among the other points examined in the paper is the comparison of the relative effect of these two variables on the price of oil products, which indicate that the exchange rate coefficient in the models is larger than the crude oil price coefficient, ie any increase in the price of crude oil, the price of the products to the exchange rate, will further increase. Therefore, for the Iranian economy, stabilizing the exchange rate and reducing its fluctuations will create a more stable trend in the price of oil products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Identifying and prioritizing the most important effective factors of sanctions in delaying investors' exploitation of industrial projects using Delphi technique and structural analysis (case study of Zanjan industrial companies)
Firozeh Haji Ali AkbariIn this research the researcher thought to identify the most important factors resulting projects. This research is an exploratory research which tried to identify these factors using the opinions of experts and managers and experts' industry international trade and man MoreIn this research the researcher thought to identify the most important factors resulting projects. This research is an exploratory research which tried to identify these factors using the opinions of experts and managers and experts' industry international trade and managers of companies engaged in industrial project in the province of Zanjan the purpose of this research is to use applied research. In order to implement the research future structural analysis technique was used in this research. In this research the sample selected for participation in the Delphi group, experts and managers and experts in industry and international trade, managers of companies involved in exploiting industrial projects in Zanjan province, 23 respondents as Delphi group responded to the research questionnaires. The result showed that the first effective factor resulting from the sanctions in delaying the use of industrial designs is the increase in the cost of finished products. Also, the increase of the exchange rate in Iran from production to import and export. Also, the limitation of the expansion of LC is another factor affecting the cost products of finished products. Also, the limitation factor in currency transfer is very important in delaying the operation of industrial projects, since foreign purchases and import of industrial goods require currency exchange, and the lack of transfer of currency to the country causes delays in the exploitation of industrial designs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - peresenting an Appropriate Model for Effective Advertising in Companies with an Industrial Design Unit
sara saffari Hasan Sadeghi Naeini Ata Allah Abtahi Seyed Jamaleddin Tabibi Ali Akbar FarhangiNowadays, industrial design has allocated a special place to itself in the field of products marketing and development, both at national and international levels. Advertising can be a connection bridge between company and customers, the customers are fully identified an MoreNowadays, industrial design has allocated a special place to itself in the field of products marketing and development, both at national and international levels. Advertising can be a connection bridge between company and customers, the customers are fully identified and the messages of the company are effectively transmitted to them. The purpose of the present research is to present an effective advertising model for companies with an industrial design unit. Therefore, the present research is descriptive-analytical with the Inductive approach and the collection of required data was performed based on the library and document mining study, and also considering the comparative comparison of four domestic industrial design companies with four foreign industrial design companies. Based on this comparison, 82 effective advertising indicators were identified. Using content analysis method, their similar and different aspects were addressed and using MAXQDA software, the difference, similarity, evidences, and foundations of each one of these desired phenomena are explained, and 40 indices with the highest frequency that have not yet been used by Iranian industrial design companies were classified into four categories such as customer relationship, marketing, products and services, and announcements,and a model was designed based on them. Finally, some suggestions based on the research findings were presented.The result is that, for a dynamic and effective advertising, the Iranian industrial design companies require to employ the novel approaches which most of the superior companies utilize to compete and even to proceed in the market. To this end, some suggestions are offered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Recognizing and prioritising the effective factors on brand equity in the cosmetic products industries based on brand performance in cosmetic products
Abolghasem Gholamreza Tehrani Hooshang Asadollah Serajoddin Mohebbi Shahriar AziziThe aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the special value of the brand by emphasizing the performance of the brand in the cosmetics market. The statistical population of the study was all customers of cosmetic products in Tehran in 139 MoreThe aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the special value of the brand by emphasizing the performance of the brand in the cosmetics market. The statistical population of the study was all customers of cosmetic products in Tehran in 1397, which were selected by random sampling cluster sampling method. The sample consisted of 550 customers from ten brands (Mibi Lynn, Erben Dicky, Cover Grill, EVon, Relon, E Tod, McLurray, Oriflame, Clinic), which accounted for about 80 percent of the market share. The research data were collected using questionnaires and secondary information and the research hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling model and analysis of focal correlation and application of SPSS, LISREL, SAS, STATISTICA software at the brand level. The research findings showed that factors such as brand awareness, attitude, surplus price, brand expansion potential, innovation, distribution and access, advantage, advisory advertising and general perception affect brand equity by emphasizing brand performance. Based on brand awareness results and general perception, they have the greatest impact on brand equity in the cosmetics market. The results also showed that the most widely used product among the statistical community is eye, eyebrow, eyelashes and so on. Market share surveys based on the presence of at least one product from a brand in the customer portfolio also show that the three brands of Etude, Loril Group and Rollon have the largest market share, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Novin Insurance Company's product diversification strategies using product space theory
َAnvar khosraviInsurance industry in iran is a competitive industry and is of particular importance for companies operating in this industry . one of the competitiveness strategies is diversifying the supply of insurance products . diversification of products is one of the main soluti MoreInsurance industry in iran is a competitive industry and is of particular importance for companies operating in this industry . one of the competitiveness strategies is diversifying the supply of insurance products . diversification of products is one of the main solutions to increase income , profitability and reduce risk . the purpose of this paper is to identify the products that the new insurance company is exposed to comparative advantage or the relative advantage is hidden . the research is done using the mean of data related to the production right of each product during 2016 to 1398 but using the theory of product space and network science . the results of this study showed that the new insurance company has revealed relative advantage ( active ) among 16 insurance products examined in the supply of six products with obvious comparative advantage ( active ) , seven products have partial ( potentially active ) advantages and in supply of three inactive residual products and the probability of activation equal to zero . in the following , the sequence of seven crops with latent relative advantage was determined based on maximum , greedy , high and low grade strategies . finally Borda method were identified as the four strategy of combining and the activation sequence of products with the potential for activation of the new insurance company on the basis of this hybrid strategy of engineering , oil and energy , other aircraft , driver events and third parties . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - A Model of the Causal Relationships of the Effectiveness of Advertising for Exporting Non-oil Products of East Azerbaijan Province to CIS Countries
Mojtaba RamazaniToday, advertising is an integral part of all marketing strategies and it plays an important role in creating customer awareness of products and services. It also is greatly effective in fostering the reputation of an organization. Accordingly, the present study aims to MoreToday, advertising is an integral part of all marketing strategies and it plays an important role in creating customer awareness of products and services. It also is greatly effective in fostering the reputation of an organization. Accordingly, the present study aims to provide a model of the causal relationships of the effectiveness of advertising for the export of non-oil products in the East Azerbaijan province to CIS countries. To achieve the above goal, three research questions have been formulated. The research method is a descriptive one and the statistical population of this research is all exporters of East Azerbaijan province during 2011 and 2017. A total of 161 exporters were selected based on the information from the Industry, Mining, and Trade Organization. For the data analysis, the fuzzy DEMATEL method has been used. A specific questionnaire was used for collecting the data. The results of the surveys show that the continuation of advertising, the creation of a positive image of the product or service, the innovation, and creativity in the ads, the type of media, the appropriate time to advertising, repetition the propaganda, honesty in advertising messages and reputation Good brand are the eight main structures of research. The continuity of advertising, the creation of a positive image of the product or service, the innovation and creativity in the advertisement and the type of media, the most effective structures and the right time to advertise, repeat the propaganda, honesty in advertising messages and reputation and the reputation of the best brand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Multi-Layer Modeling of Supply Chain for Products with Limited Lifespan (Case Study: Olive Oil in ETKA’s Stores)
Mohammad Samie Mohammadi Mahdi Yousefi Nejad AttariStudying the Supply chain for products with the limited lifespan is important not only in the supply chain but also in production and distribution of food. One of these products is the Olive oil produced by the ETKA Company, whose production and distribution always have MoreStudying the Supply chain for products with the limited lifespan is important not only in the supply chain but also in production and distribution of food. One of these products is the Olive oil produced by the ETKA Company, whose production and distribution always have different challenges with regard to their limited life. Therefore, in this study, considering the current status of the supply chain of the supermarket stores in three levels of producer, storage, and distributor, a new model for determining the optimal distribution that leads to lower costs in the company is presented. Firstly, the three-level model was presented and described and then using the GAMS software and also the GA algorithm and by using the information received from the company, the optimum distribution of olive oil was determined. Based on the results obtained from the model’s solution, implementation of the model for the supermarket stores not only determines the optimal distribution but also leads to lower costs, which can be spent on investment in different sectors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Development of Traveling Salesman Problem in Returned Products and Solving with Bat Algorithm
Meisam Jafari Eskandari Ali Amouzad KhaliliThe Travelling Salesman Problem (often called TSP) is a classic algorithmic problem in the field of computer science. TSP is a special case of the traveling purchaser problem and the vehicle routing problem. It is focused on optimization. In this context better solution MoreThe Travelling Salesman Problem (often called TSP) is a classic algorithmic problem in the field of computer science. TSP is a special case of the traveling purchaser problem and the vehicle routing problem. It is focused on optimization. In this context better solution often means a solution that is cheaper. In this paper, TSP models to returned products to manufacturers seeking to minimize transport costs. Since the model is NP-Hard, to solve it we use bat algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Designing a Green Human Resource Management Maturity Model in the First Class Areas of the National Iranian Petroleum Products Distribution Company
hadi afrasiabi malikeh beheshtifar Mohamad ZyaaddiniThe purpose of this study was to design a pattern of maturity of green human resources in the first class areas of the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company. This research is developmental in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of strategy and MoreThe purpose of this study was to design a pattern of maturity of green human resources in the first class areas of the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company. This research is developmental in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of strategy and method. In this section, interviews were conducted with 13 human resources experts and managers and experts of the National Petroleum Products Distribution Company. The data of this study were open through semi-structured interviews and 10 new concepts were not obtained from the interview, which was conducted to ensure the theoretical saturation of the other 3 interviews. In the open and axial coding stage, 21 categories and 128 concepts of recognition and connection between these categories have been identified. In the research results, while recognizing the conditions against the interventionist, the context, the central phenomenon, the strategies and the consequences have led to the formation of a paradigm model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Exploring the Factors on the Social Interaction and Market Development of Organic Agricultural Products: A Case Study of Curitiba Municipality
L. B. Pinheiro S. C. O. Pires E. M. Zanuncio M. A. Brugnera J. P. E. Zanuncio P. C. Takakura -
Open Access Article
93 - Identification and investigation of effective factors of organic products status in consumer basket of households
Fahimeh Ganjkhani Mohammad Mohammadi Hossien Zahedi -
Open Access Article
94 - Exploring the Perspective of the Managers in Cairo Municipality Management of Fruit and Vegetable Organization concerning Organic Products Marketing
Hassen Noureddine Benfetta Bouayed Sarra A. Zaky -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigating the factors affecting customers' satisfaction with Pegah dairy products
Fahimeh khosravani Azita Zand Behrooz Saraie Ali Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
96 - Effect of Mildew cure fungicide in controlling the cucumber powdery mildew disease
Hossain Azimi Dariush ShahriariPowdery mildew is a common and serious disease of cucurbit crops. For registering new environmentally friendly fungicides and with the aim to diversify the available fungicides, the efficacy of Mildew cure (a natural botanical fungicide) was evaluated by trials in compl MorePowdery mildew is a common and serious disease of cucurbit crops. For registering new environmentally friendly fungicides and with the aim to diversify the available fungicides, the efficacy of Mildew cure (a natural botanical fungicide) was evaluated by trials in completely randomized block design with five treatments and four replications in field and glasshouse conditions in Karaj during 2012-13. Treatments were 7.5, 10, and 15 mll-1 of Mildew cure L. 83% alongside with 0.2 gl-1 of Trifloxystrobin (Flint WG 50%) as standard fungicide and untreated control (without any spraying). Foliar applications of fungicides were made at 7 day intervals, started after early symptoms appearance and followed up until symptom expressed in untreated plants in a maximum disease severity index due to Horsfal and Barrat scale. The results were expressed as the foliage protection percentage (FPP) of each presumed area bypowdery mildew based on Horsfal and Barrat scale, then midpoint of presumed areas was calculated for each plot. Analysis of variance of trials data revealed that there are significant differences among different treatments at P<0.05 and P<0.01. Mean comparison of the treatment showed that Mildew cure 10 mll-1 decreased disease by 76.2% compared to untreated control plants in field and Mildew cure 7.5 mll-1 decreased disease incidence by 90% compared to non-sprayed check in glasshouse. Based on the results of this study, these treatments recommended for cucumber powdery mildew disease management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Efficiency impact of several important products of nematicide on Biological Control of Tea Root Lesion Nematode (Pratylenchus loosi)
mehrnoush rajaee Ali Seraji sanam Safaei ChaeikarPratylenchus loosi, the root lesion nematode, is the most important cause agent damaging tea crop in Iran and the world. This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of nematicide organic amendments at infected level with a popu MorePratylenchus loosi, the root lesion nematode, is the most important cause agent damaging tea crop in Iran and the world. This research was carried out with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of nematicide organic amendments at infected level with a population above the injury threshold, four treatments in three replications with a randomized complete block design was done at Fashalem tea station in Gilan province. The results showed that in the infected environment with a population higher than the damage threshold, only the moisture content index, treatment of tobacco waste with 71.93% was the best treatment. In quantitative indices such as nematode population in soil and roots in infected P. loosi environments, neemarin(neem extract) treatment was most effective. There was no significant difference observed between the treatments in green leaf index, but the increase in yield was observed in comparison with the control. The results of this study showed that the use of neemarin and tobacco waste can improve the quality indices in addition to reducing the population of nematode in soil and root and as an important biological factor in controlling nematodes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Providing a Branding Model for a Selection of Sports Products
Marjan Mirjalili Zahra Hajianzehae Ali Zarei Farideh Ashraf GanjoueiDespite the high capacity of sport products market and the considerable productive potential in Iran, activists have not achieved much success in this field. One of the main challenges of this industry is the weakness in branding and marketing products because there is MoreDespite the high capacity of sport products market and the considerable productive potential in Iran, activists have not achieved much success in this field. One of the main challenges of this industry is the weakness in branding and marketing products because there is no capital more efficient than a powerful name. In the first phase of this research, the indexes of several articles focusing on branding were obtained in authentic sources, and then the index extraction was completed through semi-structured interviews with branding and sports products experts. In the second phase, in order to investigate the appropriateness of the extracted indicators with the local conditions of the country and the field of Irani an sports brands, The Fuzzy Delphi method was used and a questionnaire was given to academic and industry experts to determine that the indicators are appropriate to the field. In the third phase, using the data-based method, a paradigm model for branding sports products was developed. This model has been evaluated by the structural equation modeling method with PLS approach. The data analysis revealed that the final model comprised a set of phenomenon-based indicators, intervening factors in branding, causal and influential factors, contextual factors, strategies and the consequences. In this study, several categories were achieved in the branding of sports products field, to which paying attention will culminate in the ultimate goal of branding Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - A review of biological methods of Mycotoxin reduction in milk and dairy products
fereshteh khayeri Marjaneh SedaghatiConsumption of milk and meat from infected animals may lead to human diseases. Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic secondary metabolites produced mostly by Aspergillus species. Among microorganisms, fungal toxins, especially aflatoxin B-1 (AFB1), are of particular importance. Af MoreConsumption of milk and meat from infected animals may lead to human diseases. Aflatoxins (AFs) are toxic secondary metabolites produced mostly by Aspergillus species. Among microorganisms, fungal toxins, especially aflatoxin B-1 (AFB1), are of particular importance. Aflatoxin M-1 (AFM-1) is a metabolite produced by the conversion and hydroxylation of AFB-1. Although various technologies (physical, chemical and biological) have been developed, tested and applied to reduce the harmful effects of mycotoxins, including aflatoxins (AFs), universal methods are still not available to reduce the level of AFs in feed and food in the past decades. . Dairy cows when fed aflatoxin B1 may excrete aflatoxin M1 in milk as a result of dietary exposure. This mycotoxin is completely resistant to temperature, so heat treatment such as pasteurization and ultra-pasteurization is not enough to inactivate it. Considering that some microorganisms have the ability to degrade aflatoxins and the extent of this degradation is strongly related to the type of microbial strain, therefore, conducting more and extensive studies on its use in food can help in adopting strategies to prevent some diseases and thus improve human health. be important Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Application of ultrasonic method in extracting plant extracts
Fatemeh kavian Mohammad Masjedi Natural extracts from plants are one of the most important primary sources for the preparation of preservatives, flavorings, cosmetics, perfumery, dyes, and medicines. Extracting effective substances and natural extracts from different plants is a very important t More Natural extracts from plants are one of the most important primary sources for the preparation of preservatives, flavorings, cosmetics, perfumery, dyes, and medicines. Extracting effective substances and natural extracts from different plants is a very important thing that researchers in different fields pay special attention to. Considering the need of societies to extract effective plant compounds, it has led to wider researches in the field of introducing extraction processes. There are various extraction methods to extract active plant compounds. Traditional methods of obtaining natural compounds of plants, such as water distillation or steam extraction and extraction with organic solvent, have disadvantages such as loss of volatile compounds, low efficiency, long extraction time, destruction of unsaturated compounds and the remaining toxic solvent. In order to improve the efficiency of extracting effective substances from medicinal plants, new methods have been invented. One of these methods is the use of ultrasound waves. The purpose of this study is to know more about the new method of extraction with the help of ultrasound waves, along with its advantages and disadvantages compared to other methods. According to the results of this study, ultrasonic extraction method is a new, fast, efficient and cost-effective method for extracting effective compounds from plant texture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Review article on the functional and antioxidant properties of ginger
Fatemeh kavian Azam RivandiAntioxidants are compounds that protect against cell damage caused by molecules called free radicals. These free radicals cause damage to DNA, cell membrane and enzymes. Various food sources rich in antioxidants, such as fruits, vegetables, spices, and types of tea... r MoreAntioxidants are compounds that protect against cell damage caused by molecules called free radicals. These free radicals cause damage to DNA, cell membrane and enzymes. Various food sources rich in antioxidants, such as fruits, vegetables, spices, and types of tea... reduce the effect of free radicals or oxidative stress. Ginger is a plant with the scientific name Zingiber officinale, whose rhizome is used as a medicine to treat a wide range of diseases in the form of fresh, powder, spice, oil and extract. Scientific studies have shown that ginger has many bioactive compounds, among these compounds we can mention 6-gingerol, which is one of the main factors responsible for the pungency of ginger and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor properties. Ginger is related to it. Also, the use of ginger in food improves the physicochemical properties of different food products. This presented article is the result of the results of published articles related to the functional properties of ginger based on review and research studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Reducing the waste of agricultural products is the main strategy in improving food security
Shila Berenji zahra ghafourinam Farzaneh Tavasoli KajaniAbout 4 billion tons of food are produced annually in the world, of which about 1.2 to 2 billion tons are turned [1]into waste and unavailable for consumption due to inappropriate conditions and methods of harvesting, transportation, storage, distribution and consumptio MoreAbout 4 billion tons of food are produced annually in the world, of which about 1.2 to 2 billion tons are turned [1]into waste and unavailable for consumption due to inappropriate conditions and methods of harvesting, transportation, storage, distribution and consumption. The sender exits. According to Fiveo report, about 50% of the products produced in the world are left out of the consumption cycle in the form of waste in the stages of production and consumption. The value of this high amount of waste and food waste is estimated at 1 trillion dollars per year. Agricultural waste and food waste in Iran is estimated to be about 30% per year, which is about 3% of the total agricultural waste and food waste in the world. According to FIVE statistics, every year about 43.5% of basic agricultural products in developing countries are lost due to pests, diseases, weeds, drought, etc. in different stages of production, after harvesting, processing, distribution and consumption. disappears Global statistics show that in developing countries, an average of 24% of fruits and about 42% of vegetables are lost between production and reaching the consumer. In Iran, according to the latest estimates, about 16% of crops and about 28% of garden products are lost in different stages of production until consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - A review on the use of bran in food to improve food safety
SEYEDE SARA HOSEINI MIRMOHAMMADI Asieh HassanzadehFood security is the basis of economic, political and social development of human societies. The relatively high annual production of wheat and rice in the country causes a large amount of bran to be collected. One of the suitable solutions for natural food enrichment i MoreFood security is the basis of economic, political and social development of human societies. The relatively high annual production of wheat and rice in the country causes a large amount of bran to be collected. One of the suitable solutions for natural food enrichment is the use of different fiber sources such as bran. Wheat and rice bran is rich in fat, carbohydrates, protein and nutrients and can be used as a food supplement. The use of bran in bakery products increases the percentage of fiber, protein and group B vitamins in the products, and its consumption reduces the risk of gastrointestinal cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. In this research, we investigate the characteristics of bran and its use in food to improve food safety Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Functional and antioxidant properties of ginger
Azam Rivandi Fatemeh kavianAntioxidants are compounds that protect against cell damage caused by molecules called free radicals. These free radicals cause damage to DNA, cell membrane and enzymes. Various food sources rich in antioxidants such as fruits, vegetables, spices and types of tea reduce MoreAntioxidants are compounds that protect against cell damage caused by molecules called free radicals. These free radicals cause damage to DNA, cell membrane and enzymes. Various food sources rich in antioxidants such as fruits, vegetables, spices and types of tea reduce the effect of free radicals or oxidative stress. Ginger is a plant with the scientific name Zingiber officinale, whose rhizome is used as a medicine to treat a wide range of diseases in the form of fresh, powder, spice, oil and extract. Scientific studies have shown that ginger has many bioactive compounds that among these compounds, we can mention 6-gingerol, which is one of the main factors responsible for the pungency of ginger, and the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties of ginger are related to it. Also, the use of ginger in food improves the physicochemical properties of different food products. This presented article is the result of the results of published articles related to the functional properties of ginger based on review and research studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Sensory characteristics of probiotic cheese
sharareh shahbaziCheese is a very suitable substrate for probiotic microorganisms to guide them into the intestine. In addition, different types of cheese are produced around the world. The consumption of cheese by the majority of people, in addition to having nutritional value for them MoreCheese is a very suitable substrate for probiotic microorganisms to guide them into the intestine. In addition, different types of cheese are produced around the world. The consumption of cheese by the majority of people, in addition to having nutritional value for them, increases the market demand for probiotic cheese. Probiotics often survive in food products at a standard level until consumption without changing the sensory properties of that substance. In relation to the fact that probiotics can have an effect on the taste, texture and appearance of dairy products, the sensory properties of dairy products have been subjected to several studies. In this article, the sensory characteristics of cheese produced by probiotics were investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Examining evidence of gender equality, women's empowerment, and agricultural and food systems
Amir memarzadeh kiani Elham amoeiThe upcoming article is about the empowerment and gender equality of women in order to achieve important goals such as the sustainability of agricultural development, the production of strategic products, food security and food safety, and the review of foreign and dome MoreThe upcoming article is about the empowerment and gender equality of women in order to achieve important goals such as the sustainability of agricultural development, the production of strategic products, food security and food safety, and the review of foreign and domestic sources in this field has been discussed in order to determine the empowerment and gender equality. To what extent is Iran in sync with the global indicators regarding women? In this research, it was determined how much women have achieved sufficient ability in various fields, including: playing a role in realizing sustainable agriculture and equality in gender norms in the field of agriculture and food security in Iran. This research shows where deep gaps remain regarding gender equality and women's empowerment. The results show things about women's different access to resources, formation, reinforcement through gender norms and differences in diet. Future research is limited to examining issues such as: gender considerations in women's food systems in urban areas, ways of involving men in the process of empowering women in food systems, as well as issues related to migration, crises and indigenous food systems, but the evidence shows that by evaluating Gender and the effectiveness of gender-sensitive agricultural programs and nutrition, women remain limited in the field of empowerment and achieving gender equality. For this purpose, appropriate planning for women's participation in the process of sustainable agricultural development, production of strategic products, food security and food safety is recommended in parallel with promoting equal gender norms and promoting access to resources and relying on local research evidence based on gender. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Investigating the use of polygalacturonase and naranjainase enzymes in the juice industry
Morva Hosseiny Mahnaz HashemiravanNowadays, the use of enzymes to improve the organoleptic characteristics of food is of interest. One of the food industries that uses enzymes to improve the sensory properties of food is the juice production industry. Among the enzymes used is the polygalacturonase enzy MoreNowadays, the use of enzymes to improve the organoleptic characteristics of food is of interest. One of the food industries that uses enzymes to improve the sensory properties of food is the juice production industry. Among the enzymes used is the polygalacturonase enzyme, which is used to clarify some fruit juices and improve the color and appearance characteristics, such as apple juice and grape juice. Polygalacturonases (E.C.3.2.1.15) known as pectinase are classified into two types of hydrolyzing polygalacturonases and polygalacturonate lyase and are among the primary enzymes used in the juice industry. This enzyme breaks the α-1→4 glycosidic bond between the units of galacturonic acid in the structure of pectin, and thus pectin precipitates out of the cell structure and is separated through filtration or centrifugation, and in this way clear fruit juice is obtained. Almost in the industry, this enzyme is used to clarify all fruit juices except citrus juice. Some fruit juices, such as orange juice and grapefruit juice, contain bitter compounds such as limonine and orange, which, if present in fruit juice, have a negative effect on its taste and create a bitter taste. Orange enzyme can be used to solve this problem. Naraninase is an enzyme that has two enzymatic activities, including alpha-L-rhamnosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.40) and beta-di-glucosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.21), which hydrolyze naraniin to rhamnose and pronin and then glucose and naraninin, without the one that leaves a bitter taste in the fruit juice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Reducing the waste of agricultural products is the main strategy in improving food security
Shila Berenji Zahra Ghafouri Nam Farzaneh Tavasoli KajaniAbout 4 billion tons of food are produced annually in the world, of which about 1.2 to 2 billion tons are turned [1]into waste and unavailable for consumption due to inappropriate conditions and methods of harvesting, transportation, storage, distribution and consumptio MoreAbout 4 billion tons of food are produced annually in the world, of which about 1.2 to 2 billion tons are turned [1]into waste and unavailable for consumption due to inappropriate conditions and methods of harvesting, transportation, storage, distribution and consumption. The sender exits. According to Fiveo report, about 50% of the products produced in the world are left out of the consumption cycle in the form of waste in the stages of production and consumption. The value of this high amount of waste and food waste is estimated at 1 trillion dollars per year. Agricultural waste and food waste in Iran is estimated to be about 30% per year, which is about 3% of the total agricultural waste and food waste in the world. According to FIVE statistics, every year about 43.5% of basic agricultural products in developing countries are lost due to pests, diseases, weeds, drought, etc. in different stages of production, after harvesting, processing, distribution and consumption. disappears Global statistics show that in developing countries, an average of 24% of fruits and about 42% of vegetables are lost between production and reaching the consumer. In Iran, according to the latest estimates, about 16% of crops and about 28% of garden products are lost in different stages of production until consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Fuzzy model of hesitance decision making in evaluating business plans under uncertainty: an approach to developing new products
Amir Bahramipour Sadeghi Abedi Alireza IrajpourAbstractVarious researches have been done on the development of new products based oninnovation. There is also a significant increase in studies in which there is aconcept of "systemic approach". However, according to previous researches,decision-making in hesitant atmo MoreAbstractVarious researches have been done on the development of new products based oninnovation. There is also a significant increase in studies in which there is aconcept of "systemic approach". However, according to previous researches,decision-making in hesitant atmosphere to select exogenous variables of businessdevelopment model based on new product development was not observed. Themain issue in this research is to investigate and find the factors affecting thefeasibility of new product development plans and finally to obtain a method forevaluating new product development plans in industry. In evaluating economicplans, the parameters are usually considered definite, but the study of uncertaintyis important considerably. The results show that 6 exogenous variables wereselected as key variables in the selection and development of a new product in theorganization. The weighted importance of variables is the share of new productacceptance in the market (0.275), new product development investmentconfidence (0.239), new product development strategy (0.209), level of passingstandards and requirements (0.136), attracting development research fundingProduct (0.077) and Applied Research Fundraising (0.061). The dynamic productdevelopment model is designed based on the cause-and-effect relationship and infuture studies needs to test the simulation performance of present and futuredecision making Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Investigating the by-products of diazinon removal by using combined ultrasonic method and magnetic Nano catalyst N-TiO2@SiO2@Fe3O4
sead mojtaba hoseini Mehrdad cheraghi saeed Jameh bozorgi Ali shahryari Maryam kiani sadrToday, the excessive using of chemical fertilizers and poisons to produce more crops in all parts of the world is considered a major environmental and health challenge. Diazinon turns into dangerous compounds under certain conditions, especially when the hydrocarbon sol MoreToday, the excessive using of chemical fertilizers and poisons to produce more crops in all parts of the world is considered a major environmental and health challenge. Diazinon turns into dangerous compounds under certain conditions, especially when the hydrocarbon solvent contains a small amount of 1-2% water and is exposed to heat, light and air. This study was conducted with the aim of synthesizing N-TiO2@SiO2@Fe3O4 nanocomposite as a catalyst with ultra-sonication in the presence of visible light to measuring by products resulting from the molecular synthesis of diazinon from aqueous solutions. Nano catalyst was synthesized by co-precipitation and sol-gel method. In this study, the by-products produced due to the removal of diazinon poison were investigated with GC-MS method. The resulting of spectrum was matched by library search at NIST. The results of the spectra obtained from this research showed that did not match with the spectra obtained from the molecular breakdown of diazinon and no by products were produced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The impact of cultural diversity on a reluctance to buy foreign goods
Ahmad Rahchamani Zeinab GoodarziToday consumption has become one of the most basic concepts of modern society, so that it can be regarded as social phenomena that meet the multiple needs of individuals. Organizations will not be able to take appropriate action to meet the consumer's needs and needs wi MoreToday consumption has become one of the most basic concepts of modern society, so that it can be regarded as social phenomena that meet the multiple needs of individuals. Organizations will not be able to take appropriate action to meet the consumer's needs and needs without knowing how consumers behave and understanding them correctly. Consumers and consumers have come to know about economics and today legal language reforms are considered. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of cultural diversity on reluctance to buy foreign products. Due to the nature of the research and the subject matter in the present research and according to the research objectives, the statistical society in this research includes all experts, professors and students from universities in Iran and abroad. Based on the sample size formula, the sample size is 384 people. Of these, 1200 questionnaires were sent internally and 1200 questionnaires were sent to professors and students from overseas universities by email. Out of 1200 internal questionnaires, 392 questionnaires were returned and 1200 out of 1200 questionnaires were returned to 390 questionnaires. The response rate is equal to the ratio of the number of questionnaires distributed to the number of returned questionnaires, which is 392 for internal questionnaires and 390 for external questionnaires.After analyzing the data using the PLS software, it was concluded that cultural diversity has a significant effect on reluctance to buy foreign products. Keywords: cultural diversity, reluctance to buy, foreign products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Identification and ranking of dimensions and factors of the business model for multi-sided platforms for cultural product production with a social manufacturing approach
Gholamreza Hashemzadeh vahid sharifi Seyed Alireza Derakhshan Ashraf Shahmansouri, Abotorab AlirezaeeMultifunctional platforms with a social manufacturingapproach are emerging phenomena with less known business models. Given the valuable human resources and cultural capacities of Iran, there is a suitable opportunity for utilizing the multi-functional platform business MoreMultifunctional platforms with a social manufacturingapproach are emerging phenomena with less known business models. Given the valuable human resources and cultural capacities of Iran, there is a suitable opportunity for utilizing the multi-functional platform business model with a social manufacturingapproach for producing cultural products. The aim of this research is to identify and rank the dimensions and factors of these platform business models. Through in-depth interviews with 14 experts in this field and thematic analysis using MAXQDA software, data analysis was conducted in three stages: open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. After screening the results, 50 factors were identified in 10 dimensions using the fuzzy Delphi method. The impact and influence of these factors were determined using the fuzzy DEMATEL method, and ultimately, the factors and dimensions were ranked. The identified factors and dimensions assist stakeholders in the cultural product production field to better configure their current or future platforms, as well as helping investors make more informed decisions regarding this business model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Impact of Three-Dimensional (3D) Advertising on Purchase Decision: The Role of Presenting on Various Product Categories (Geometric and Material)
Kamal Ghalandari Kambiz Heidarzadeh HanzaeeBy creating compelling online virtual experiences with products, advertisers can potentially enhance information value of the provided product, encourage consumers for an active shopping experience, increase number of visitors for a site through unique and repeat traffi MoreBy creating compelling online virtual experiences with products, advertisers can potentially enhance information value of the provided product, encourage consumers for an active shopping experience, increase number of visitors for a site through unique and repeat traffic and ultimately create a competitive online advantage. Therefore, it seems necessary developing knowledge moving toward online multi-sensory experiences due to progress of developing computer technology. So aim of this study is to develop knowledge about virtual experience of consumers by testing the relationship between three-dimensional advertising and purchase decision, by considering the intermediary role of presenting on geometric and material products. There were conducted independent sample t-tests to test the hypothesis, in order to compare average differences between three-dimensional and two-dimensional terms for each dependent variable. Eventually, results of two separate in vitro studies show that three-dimensional advertising is more coordinately able to enhance presence sense than two-dimensional advertising. They will affect on aspects of purchase decision by varying degrees including product knowledge, attitude to brand and purchase intent of consumers. In addition, such a virtual experience can transform experience features to search ones; thereby, it reduces the perceived risk before purchasing in e-commerce. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Resilience Components with Business Continuity and success in banking
Sallar Khosavi Amir Najafi Mohammad Reza Marjani Nabiollah MohammadiOne of the most important ways to succeed and sustain business is to build sustainability in banks in order to face environmental changes and threats. In management science, achieving such a goal is in the form of a concept called organizational resilience. The main obj MoreOne of the most important ways to succeed and sustain business is to build sustainability in banks in order to face environmental changes and threats. In management science, achieving such a goal is in the form of a concept called organizational resilience. The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between the organizational resilience components in the future bank with the success and sustainability of the business. In this research, an organizational resilience questionnaire based on the McManus model was used. After analyzing the data, using regression models fitted, it was concluded that resilience has a significant effect on the success and continuity of business in the future bank. Also, this The research, through the findings of previous observations and experiences, has proposed a model and hypothesis about the components that have affected the resilience. Using survey methods to investigate factors by analyzing the responses to the questions, the variables that affect the resilience were identified in 5 categories. After accurate and close observation of the parameters studied in the future bank and the collection of data from the bank's experts and the meaning of what was collected, it was found that the components of organizational strategies, banking concentration, competitive advantage, bank deposits and key products and services affect the continuity of the business. Then, using the research variables and analytical methods, the causal relationship between the variables was presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Fuzzy Mathematical Model For A Lot-Sizing Problem In Closed-Loop Supply Chain
Amir Fatehi Kivi Amir aydin Atashi Abkenar Hossin alipour -
Open Access Article
116 - Investigating the Effect of Product Packaging Design on Attracting Customers about Cosmetic Products with Conjoint Analysis Method
Davood Jafari Nima Asadian Loabat Parvizi -
Open Access Article
117 - Performance Analysis of Remanufacturing System Considering Inspection & Grading Policies, Sourcing Policies and Resource Policies Under Multiple Quality Scenarios: Towards Environmental Sustainability
Magdalene Andrew-Munot Shirley Jonathan Tanjong -
Open Access Article
118 - Making Optimal Decisions of Assembly Products in Supply Chain
Yong Luo Shuwei Chen -
Open Access Article
119 - Relationship between Balanced Fertilization and Healthy Agricultural Products (A Review)
M.J. MalakoutiBased on World Health Organization (WHO) report, our society’s health ranks 123 among 192 countries. Unfortunately, this ranking position is very low and its main reason is malnutrition due to imbalanced fertilization. Although more than 85% of Iranian people are MoreBased on World Health Organization (WHO) report, our society’s health ranks 123 among 192 countries. Unfortunately, this ranking position is very low and its main reason is malnutrition due to imbalanced fertilization. Although more than 85% of Iranian people are not hungry, about 90% of them are suffering from cell hunger, because agricultural authorities and hence producers do not pay attention to food security. According to the latest information, about 86.5% of applied fertilizers in our country appertain to urea and triple super phosphate. In fact, this is an alarming issue in respect to the production of healthy agricultural products and it remains a threat to food security. At present, a total subsidy of more than 7,000 billion rials is paid for nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizers. Whereas, it should be considered that, firstly, the efficiency of these fertilizers, due to different reasons such as mismanagement and existing subsidy level, is low and, secondly, the overuse of these fertilizers causes the accumulation of nitrate (NO3) and cadmium (Cd) in agricultural products. Furthermore, according to the law of minimum, the overdosed fertilizers do not have any special positive effect on sustainable production and society’s health. Paying for such high-cost subsidy just for N and P-fertilizers has caused farmers to overuse and waste these fertilizers in the country and moreover not having any tendency to apply biologic, organic and micronutrient fertilizers. Whereas, the application of these fertilizers, beside their adaptability with the environment, has a very positive effect on the human health. Therefore, at this time scientific management of production and application of all kinds of fertilizers is inevitable. In this case, by improving the quality of all types of fertilizers, and following the principle of balanced fertilization, besides achieving the desired yield increase, the quality of agricultural products will be enhanced and the level of society’s health will be promoted automatically. Furthermore, there is a close and positive relationship between balanced fertilization and production of healthy agricultural products. The authorities of the Ministry of Jehad-e- Agriculture are supposed to consider this important principle for a) supplying suitable kinds and amounts of fertilizers during application seasons in producing agricultural products; b) banning the act of burning the plants' residues; c) considering the rules of balanced fertilization; d) enrichment of agricultural products on the farm; e) scientific management of production and application of all kinds of fertilizers; f) implementing the criteria set for Article 61 of the Fourth Development Plan; g) avoiding the import of P-fertilizers which contain Cd in excess of 25 mg/kg and h) removing the subsidy on N and P-fertilizers in order to increase the yield and quality of agricultural products and enhance society's health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Marketing failures of agricultural products from a sociological point of view, in the cities of Ahar, Marand and Maragheh
Ghader Mohammadi Samad Abedini Samad Rasilzadeh AghdamMost of the farmers take help from all kinds of technologies to increase the productivity. But the increase in production, regardless of the marketing components, causes a lot of product waste and the farmer suffers. Therefore, this research has been done with the main MoreMost of the farmers take help from all kinds of technologies to increase the productivity. But the increase in production, regardless of the marketing components, causes a lot of product waste and the farmer suffers. Therefore, this research has been done with the main goal of identifying marketing knowledge deficiencies as the missing link between more production and preventing product waste. For this purpose, using the theories of inductive innovation and rational choice, using grand theory method and semi-standard interview technique and questionnaire, data was collected. Analysis of questionnaire data was done with SPSS software (version 17) and qualitative data with structuring technique (SLT). The statistical population included farmers in the "agriculture and horticulture" department of Ahar, Marand and Maragheh cities, who were selected by theoretical sampling. Finally, after interviewing 180 farmers, until reaching theoretical saturation, the sampling was completed. In the following, the interview text was coded in an open, central and selective way, and by considering all the causal and contextual conditions, two main factors (government agricultural knowledge and agricultural knowledge of the beneficiaries) were identified. Finally, 6 sub-concepts (topics) were identified and introduced as agricultural product marketing failures. which in order of priority are (need assessment, rational choice, raising awareness and formal training of farmers, preparing infrastructure, following up on needs, following up on agricultural news). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Inhibitory effect of native enterococci isolates on some of the foodborne bacterial pathogens
S. Tafkiki S. HanifianEnterococci are among lactic acid bacteria that are homogeneous and are commonly found in raw milk and its products. The purpose of this study was to isolate Enterococcus species from raw milk and traditional milk products in Tabriz region and to study their inhibitory MoreEnterococci are among lactic acid bacteria that are homogeneous and are commonly found in raw milk and its products. The purpose of this study was to isolate Enterococcus species from raw milk and traditional milk products in Tabriz region and to study their inhibitory effect on some of pathogenic bacteria. For this, 105 specimens including 15 samples of each of raw milk, yogurt, cheese, cream, butter, dough, and whey were tested. After isolation and differential identification of the species, 24 isolates were selected based on the sample type and the variety of Enterococcus species. Due to the pathogenic potential of E. faecalis and E. fascism species, they were evaluated for the presence of Esp < /em> and Asa1 genes, respectively. The inhibitory effect of Enterococcus isolates was tested on nine important foodborne pathogens using overlay method. According to the results, nine species of E. fascism, E. faecalis, E. gallinarum, E. avium, E. Benedetti, E. caseliflavus, E. hirae, E. saccharoliticus and E. raffinosus were isolated. All isolates had an inhibitory effect on indicator organisms; however, the inhibitory effect was found different among various species and various strains. E. faecalis and E. fascism species had the most antibacterial effects. The molecular evaluation showed that out of 5 isolates of E. faecalis, 2 isolates contained Esp < /em> gene. In the case of E. faecalis, none of the isolates harbored Asa1 gene. If further experiments are carried out in relation to the proven safety of enterococci, their inhibitory effect on food pathogenic bacteria can be used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Efficiency of three cleanup methods for determination of Deoxynivalenol and its determination in cereal products
M. Jalili R. Almasyan A. Rahmani A. Varehzardi T. BasakiDeoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species. The current study was aimed to compare the efficiency of three cleanup columns (immunoaffinity, MycoSep < sup>TM #225, MycoSep < sup>TM #227), applied for the determination of DON in MoreDeoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species. The current study was aimed to compare the efficiency of three cleanup columns (immunoaffinity, MycoSep < sup>TM #225, MycoSep < sup>TM #227), applied for the determination of DON in cereal products, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). At first, wheat flour samples were spiked with DON at three concentrations (200, 700, 1200 ng/g), then recovery values were measured after cleanup with the columns. The amount of DON was also measured in 60 samples of cereal products (wheat flour, rice, barley flour, noodles and bread). The results showed that the highest recovery value (between 87.4±2.5 to 95.2±2.2%) was obtained from the immunoaffinity column. However, there was no significant difference between the immunoaffinity column and MycoSep 225. The lowest recovery value was obtained using MycoSep 227 column (P <0.05). The results also showed that 30 samples out of 60 (50%) were contaminated with DON. However, none of the samples exceeded the Iranian Standard limit (1000 ng/g). The highest contamination level (724.3 ng/g) was observed in a rice sample. The study showed that although the immunoaffinity column was more reliable in DON determination, MycoSep 225 showed promising recovery values. In addition, more precaution and measuring controls should be practiced by regulatory agencies to prevent mycotoxin contamination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Determination of oxytetracycline residues in the distributed meat products in Tabriz by high-performance liquid chromatography method
Jafar Shadjou Mohammad Hosein MovassaghThe excessive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has led to the appearance of antibiotic residues in meat and could threaten public health. The study aimed to determine the oxytetracycline residue level in meat products in Tabriz. A total of 60 samples of meat produ MoreThe excessive use of antibiotics in animal husbandry has led to the appearance of antibiotic residues in meat and could threaten public health. The study aimed to determine the oxytetracycline residue level in meat products in Tabriz. A total of 60 samples of meat products (sausages, Persian sausages and hamburgers, 20 samples from each meat product) were randomly collected from food supply stores in Tabriz from March to May 2021. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the level of oxytetracycline residue levels in the samples. The results showed that the mean of oxytetracycline residue in sausage, Persian sausage, and hamburger was 82.48±7.06, 57.35±4.27, and 150.79±3.65 µg/Kg, respectively. The mean value of oxytetracycline residues showed a significant (p<0.05) difference between the three products. Also, oxytetracycline residue was observed in all samples. However, in all samples, it was below the allowed limit of Codex Alimentarius (200 µg/kg). The average residue of oxytetracycline in hamburgers was significantly higher than in sausages. In hamburgers with 90% meat, the average amount of oxytetracycline was more than in hamburgers with 70% meat, which can be related to the percentage of meat in the product (p<0.05). Although the level of oxytetracycline residue in the present study was less than the permissible limit, considering the consumption of meat products in the country, it is necessary to control and monitor the presence of antibiotics in foods of animal origin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Survey of Nutrition and Health Claims on Dairy Products Labels in Tehran
M. Asafari P. Mahasti H. HamediFood labelling plays a major role in the marketing and identification of products. Given the different physical conditions of each person, the nutritional needs of individuals will also be different. In this context, manufacturers must ensure the integrity of the conten MoreFood labelling plays a major role in the marketing and identification of products. Given the different physical conditions of each person, the nutritional needs of individuals will also be different. In this context, manufacturers must ensure the integrity of the content and labelling of foodstuffs so that they do not confuse consumers and do not compromise their health. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the labelling information and its compliance with the criteria established by the FDA. In this descriptive-analytical study, the labelling information of 272 dairy products was recorded. Then the information was investigated with documents in the Food and Drug Administration and the general guidelines of food and beverages. The results showed that 45.2% of the samples contained descriptive statements, of which 50.18% were unauthorized. There was 50.55%, 95.6%, 68.4%, 57.5%, defect with the FDA labelling in enrichment foods, probiotic foods, health claims, and nutrition facts label, and 0.36% of the samples claims were invalid. 3.2% of the samples had nutritional claims, and 14% of the samples hadn’t traffic-light nutrition labelling. Food labels are a tool for measuring the health of products and will have a significant role in reducing NCD. This study reveals the need for more and more rigorous monitoring of food labels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Polymorphism of aroA gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk and cheese in the city of Tabriz
A. Hosinkhani A.R. Monadi J. ShayeghDue to the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus and its presence in dairy products and the importance of its transmission through dairy products, this study aimed to analyze the aroA gene in S. aureus isolated from cow milk and tradi MoreDue to the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus and its presence in dairy products and the importance of its transmission through dairy products, this study aimed to analyze the aroA gene in S. aureus isolated from cow milk and traditional cheese. For this purpose, 40 S. aureus isolates including 14 traditional cheese isolates, 19 cow milk isolates, and 7 domestic water buffalo milk isolates were assayed by the PCR-RFLP technique. After amplification of the coagulase gene with specific primers, enzyme restriction was performed using the TaqI enzyme. The amplification of aroA produced an 1153 bp band. Digestion of this band with TaqI enzyme showed 3 different cutting patterns. The first pattern consisted of three bands, the second pattern had two bands, and the third pattern consisted of four bands. 29 S. aureus isolates (out of 40) held the highest number containing the aroA gene with the three-band pattern, 9 samples with the two-band pattern, and 2 samples with the 4-band pattern. Since the method is unable to distinguish between strains with different food origins, it should be replaced by complementary methods. The results indicated the need to pay more attention to health points in the preparation of dairy foods and also more attention of local veterinarians in dealing with this pathogen and choosing the appropriate treatment approach for it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Survey of unauthorized tissues in meat products by histological method in Tabriz and Khoy
Ayda Payamei Mohammad Hosein Movassagh Masoud DelashoubNowadays, the consumption of meat and meat products in different countries varies considerably based on social, economic, and geographical differences. Meat and meat products are the most important sources of protein. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of u MoreNowadays, the consumption of meat and meat products in different countries varies considerably based on social, economic, and geographical differences. Meat and meat products are the most important sources of protein. This study aimed to investigate the possibility of unauthorized tissues in sausage products in Tabriz and Khoy by histotechnique. For this, 80 sausages samples with ≤ 55% and > 55% 55% meat content were collected (from January to March of 2015). For histological evaluation, the slides were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. Based on results, in 87.5% of the samples, cartilage tissue with a high percentage was observed. Unauthorized tissues types such as glands, connective tissue, fat, skin, cartilage, bone, trachea, lung, bladder, parasite eggs, and intestine were observed. The presence of unauthorized tissues in most samples may reduce consumers' desire to use sausages. Consequently, there is a necessity for efficient control at the regional level by authority organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Efficacy of microencapsulated nisin with sodium alginate and chitosan on biofilm formation in Listeria monocytogenes
S. Babakhani Farzaneh Hosseini P. Pakzad M. Bikhof TorbatiListeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen the cause of listeriosis that has long-term survival due to biofilm formation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nisin 102 IU/ml, encapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate on biofilm formation and c MoreListeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen the cause of listeriosis that has long-term survival due to biofilm formation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nisin 102 IU/ml, encapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate on biofilm formation and changing the expression level of genes related to biofilm formation L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 (serotype 4b) was treated by nisin 102 IU/ml and microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate solutions. The effectiveness of nisin on cell survival was estimated by calculating the optical absorbance. After proving the presence of prfA, sigB, and agrA genes, the effect of 102 IU/ml nisin dilution on L. monocytogenes biofilm was investigated by the microtiter plate method. The expression level of prfA, sigB, and agrA genes was analyzed using real-time PCR methods (qRT-PCR). The inhibition rate of biofilm formation in L. monocytogenes by nisin 102 IU/ml was 57% at 37°C and pH 5.5. The maximum inhibition of biofilm formation was related to the simultaneous use of nisin 102 IU/ml with chitosan and sodium alginate at 37°C and pH 5.5. Microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate can increase its effectiveness in preventing the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes to 76% (p<0.0001). Nisin 102 IU/ml decreased the expression level of prfA, sigB, and agrA by -2.313, -2.808, and -1.453-fold compared to the control (p<0.0001). Nisin only had significant inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes biofilm. Microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate had high efficacy in preventing the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes.Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen the cause of listeriosis that has long-term survival due to biofilm formation. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nisin 102 IU/ml, encapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate on biofilm formation and changing the expression level of genes related to biofilm formation L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 (serotype 4b) was treated by nisin 102 IU/ml and microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate solutions. The effectiveness of nisin on cell survival was estimated by calculating the optical absorbance. After proving the presence of prfA, sigB, and agrA genes, the effect of 102 IU/ml nisin dilution on L. monocytogenes biofilm was investigated by the microtiter plate method. The expression level of prfA, sigB, and agrA genes was analyzed using real-time PCR methods (qRT-PCR). The inhibition rate of biofilm formation in L. monocytogenes by nisin 102 IU/ml was 57% at 37°C and pH 5.5. The maximum inhibition of biofilm formation was related to the simultaneous use of nisin 102 IU/ml with chitosan and sodium alginate at 37°C and pH 5.5. Microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate can increase its effectiveness in preventing the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes to 76% (p<0.0001). Nisin 102 IU/ml decreased the expression level of prfA, sigB, and agrA by -2.313, -2.808, and -1.453-fold compared to the control (p<0.0001). Nisin only had significant inhibitory activity against L. monocytogenes biofilm. Microencapsulated nisin with chitosan and sodium alginate had high efficacy in preventing the biofilm formation of L. monocytogenes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - A review of recent developments in the use of cyanobacteria and microalgae in improving the quality and increasing the shelf life of seafood products
Mahshid Alibabai Amir-Eghbal Khajeh-Rahimi Bahareh NowruziFood products spoil very quickly due to microbial, chemical, and enzymatic reactions that are the main cause of rapid quality deterioration. Nowadays, there is increasing consumer demand for high-quality foods with natural preservatives such as microalgae extracts. Micr MoreFood products spoil very quickly due to microbial, chemical, and enzymatic reactions that are the main cause of rapid quality deterioration. Nowadays, there is increasing consumer demand for high-quality foods with natural preservatives such as microalgae extracts. Microalgae are potential alternatives to reduce microbial growth, increase oxidative stability, and protect the sensory characteristics of foods. Researchers showed that the use of microalgae extracts in the diet of aquatic animals can increase meat quality and production. In this review article, the direct application of various microalgae extracts as seafood preservatives and their functional properties in seafood, such as: (antioxidant and antimicrobial activities) are investigated. In addition, the potential application of microalgae extracts in the composition of foods and their effect on the quality of foods are also presented. The result of reviewing many articles showed that despite the many advantages of microalgae, there are still many challenges in the production and use of microalgae biomass or its derivatives in the food industry, hence the safety assessment and the use of ideal concentrations for studies. Future studies are still necessary to determine the optimal concentration for the large-scale use of microalgae extracts in industry and seafood, to develop effective strategies or to prevent the occurrence of food product spoilage, as well as to increase the welfare of consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Study on the overview on food borne bacteria in foodstuffs with animal origin in Iran; Part two: meat and meat products
S.S Shekarforoush نوردهر Rokni گیتی Karim S.M Razavi Rohani S.M.M Kiaie مریم Abbasvali The present study was aimed to review the contamination of meat and meat products with pathogenic bacteria in Iran. Little information is available about the contamination of meat and meat products with Bacillus cereus, because of the low contamination rate More The present study was aimed to review the contamination of meat and meat products with pathogenic bacteria in Iran. Little information is available about the contamination of meat and meat products with Bacillus cereus, because of the low contamination rate with the microorganism. The situation is about the same with Brucella, as the microorganism can hardly be seen in the muscles. However, not too many information is available on the contamination with Campylobacter jejuni, even though, the contamination of chicken meat with the campylobacter was addressed. Clostridium butolinum was the main discriminated bacterium to contaminate fish and its products and canned meats. Studies revealed that the big portions of meat were less likely contaminated with E. coli compared to the minced meat. Our study showed that the cross contamination of sausage is often occurred after the production chain. The situation was possibly attributed to the improvement of hygienic conditions of slaughter-houses and meat industries. Limited information was found on the contamination with Listeria monocytogenes and available data indicate that the microorganism can be present in meat and meat products. The most important factor for prevention of contamination is restricted inspection of slaughtered animals before slaughter and omission of diseased animals. Much information was accessible on the cross contamination with Salmonella in Iran and elsewhere. Salmonellosis is not common in the slaughtered animals despite its epidemiological and public health issues. The problem was also associated with the restricted inspection. Study about the staphylococcal contamination of meat was proportionately numerous. The contamination was mostly occurred in the minced Kebab in the warm seasons of the year. Generally, a low percentage of such contaminations were found in the meat products and sausage, in the surveys. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Study on the overview on foodborne bacteria in foodstuffs with animal origin in Iran; Part one: milk and dairy products
S.S Shekarforoush گیتی Karim S.M Razavi Rohani S.M.M Kiaie نوردهر Rokni مریم Abbasvali In this study contamination of milk and dairy products with pathogenic bacteria in Iran has been reviewed. There are many surveys in some cases, while there is no information about some pathogenic bacteria in milk or very few data is available. It should be More In this study contamination of milk and dairy products with pathogenic bacteria in Iran has been reviewed. There are many surveys in some cases, while there is no information about some pathogenic bacteria in milk or very few data is available. It should be point out that the results come from the cross sectional surveys are needed for further epidemiological and experimental studies. In general the contamination of milk and dairy products has decreased in the course of time as the production methods and producer’s knowledge increased. On the other hand application of new and precise methods of detection and investigation of bacteria lead to excess detection of pathogenic microorganisms in milk. Therefore regular continuation of cross sectional studies along with using precise and sensitive methods of sampling and analysis of bacteria are necessitated. Besides making available of needed data about the contamination of milk and milk products with pathogenic bacteria, this information make enable to adopt the effective preventive precautions for elimination or reduction of contamination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Contamination rate, antibiotic susceptibility profile, biofilm formation and presence of TSST-1 gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolates
K. Ebrahimzadeh S. HanifianThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and traditional dairy products of West-Azerbaijan Province and also to evaluate the presence of TSST-1 virulence gene, antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of the isolates. Using MoreThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and traditional dairy products of West-Azerbaijan Province and also to evaluate the presence of TSST-1 virulence gene, antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of the isolates. Using stratified random method, a total of 80 raw milk and traditional dairy products (including traditional cheese, cream and curd) together with 20 nasal swab samples of the dairy products’ manufacturers were collected. S. aureus strains were isolated and identified by conventional culture methods. Afterwards, the isolates were subjected to PCR analysis to detect the presence of TSST-1 gene. According to the findings, 35% of the samples were contaminated by S. aureus. Moreover TSST-1 gene was recognized in 1 cheese and 2 swab samples. Antibiotic resistance profile revealed that most of S. aureus isolates were resistant towards vancomycin, penicillin, and methicillin and sensitive towards co-trimoxazole, gentamicin, rifampin, oxacillin, and cephalothin. Moreover, 2.85%, 17.15%, and 80% of the isolates were capable to form high, moderate and low amounts of biofilm. High occurrence of S. aureus in milk and dairy products which harbor TSST-1 virulence gene, and the strains that demonstrated resistant to several antibiotics and capable of biofilm formation, could be considered a health threat to the consumers of these products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Molds contamination of raw milk and dairy products: Occurrence, diversity and contamination source
طاهره Moshtaghi Maleki شهرام HanifianThis study aimed to assess the occurrence and diversity of mold species in raw milk and its products along with the identification of potential contamination sources. For this reason, a total of 260 samples consisting of 80 raw milk, 100 dairy products (i.e., pasteurize MoreThis study aimed to assess the occurrence and diversity of mold species in raw milk and its products along with the identification of potential contamination sources. For this reason, a total of 260 samples consisting of 80 raw milk, 100 dairy products (i.e., pasteurized milk, yoghurt, cheese and buttermilk) and 80 environmental (i.e. ingredients, packaging materials, surface of processing equipments and air) specimens were collected. Using culture assay and microscopic observation, the occurrence as well as the diversity of mold species was investigated. According to the results, 82.3% of the samples were identified as positive for mold contamination. The percentage of mold contamination for raw milk was estimated as 97.5%. In the case of pasteurized milk, yoghurt, buttermilk, cheese and environmental samples, it was determined as 52%, 76%, 52%, 56% and 96.25%, respectively. Mold diversity among various samples consisted of Aspergillus, Geotrichum, Penicillium, Mucor, Alternaria, Rhizopus, Stemphylium, Cladosporium, and Fusarium. Results revealed a significant (p < 0.01) correlation between kind of mold species isolated from raw milk and dairy products. Similarly, a correlation was observed between dairy products and environmental sources. Regarding the high occurrence of mold contamination in raw milk and environmental sources, it seems that in some instances heat treatment was not effective enough to inactivate all molds; whereas in some other cases, cross contamination may have resulted in mold contamination. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain hygienic conditions during raw milk handling as well as processing steps. These practices could efficiently reduce the occurrence of mold contaminations in dairy products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Determination of arsenic in agricultural products, animal products and drinking water of rural areas of Bijar and Gharve, Kurdestan Province
مقداد Pirsaheb عبداله Dargahi حافظ Golestanifar Environmental and food contamination with toxic element arsenic is one of the important issues that are threatening public health and other creatures. In this study, a total sample of 983 consisting agricultural and animal products as well as water samples More Environmental and food contamination with toxic element arsenic is one of the important issues that are threatening public health and other creatures. In this study, a total sample of 983 consisting agricultural and animal products as well as water samples was analyzed for arsenic contamination. According to the results, the highest concentration of arsenic (1.737 mg/l) was found in the piped water of Aliabad. Moreover, the highest level of arsenic contamination was detected in wheat obtained from Giklo and Gondak (0.14 mg/kg). Accordingly, highest arsenic level in barley, peas and lentils, was estimated in the samples of Gondak (0.11 mg/kg), Giklo (mg/kg 0.013) and Ghojagh (0.017 mg/kg), respectively. In addition, the highest mean concentration of arsenic in meat and milk samples was found in Ghojagh (0.167 mg/kg) and Gondak (0.0129 mg/l). The results revealed that the contamination level of arsenic in all crops, meat and milk samples were lower than the maximum acceptable limit adopted in many other countries. However, the concentration of arsenic in water samples was 174 times higher than the acceptable limit (0.01 mg/l) determined by the Iranian National Standard. Therefore, it is necessary to perform comprehensive studies on contaminations of water sources in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Isolation, identification and the presence of enterotoxin A gene in Staphylococcus aureus from meat products
مهسا Sepidarkish مسعود Ghane Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causes of food-born illnesses. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus in meat products and to detect the presence of S. aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) gene. Totally 150 meat products were coll More Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main causes of food-born illnesses. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus in meat products and to detect the presence of S. aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) gene. Totally 150 meat products were collected and analyzed using standard culture techniques to detect S. aureus. PCR assay by specific primers was performed on the isolates to identify SEA gene. According to the results, 19 (12.6%) of the samples were found positive for S. aureus. Highest prevalence rate was determined in smoked fish (30%), followed by fried morsels (16.6%), Salami and Ham (13.3%), and Shensel chicken (3.3%). S. aureus was not observed in any of Sausage samples. Statistical analysis showed that there is statistically significance association between the prevalence of S. aureus and meat products. Moreover, results did not show SEA gene in any of the isolates. This study concluded a remarkable occurrence of S. aureus in meat products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Quantitative evaluation of the alkaline phosphatase activity in industrial and traditional dairy products supplied in Ahvaz as an indicator of pasteurization
M. Zarei مهدی Pourmahdi Borujeni A. ManafeianAlkaline phosphatase is an indigenous milk enzyme and is probably, the most important indigenous milk enzyme from a dairy technology viewpoint which is used to determine the efficacy of the pasteurization process. The aim of this study was to assess the alkaline phospha MoreAlkaline phosphatase is an indigenous milk enzyme and is probably, the most important indigenous milk enzyme from a dairy technology viewpoint which is used to determine the efficacy of the pasteurization process. The aim of this study was to assess the alkaline phosphatase activity of 200 samples of industrial and traditional yoghurt, ice cream and cheese, as well as raw and pasteurized milk samples. To achieve this purpose, p-nitrophenylphosphate was used as substrate and the amount of liberated p-nitrophenol was measured spectrophotometrically. The amount of liberated p-nitrophenol in all samples of raw milk was very high (6839±4070 µg/ml) but in pasteurized milk samples, the amount was in the range of 0.75-52.96 µg/ml and 88% of the samples had less than 10 µg p-nitrophenol/ml, the maximum permissible limit of p-nitrophenol in pasteurized products. The amount of liberated p-nitrophenol was in the range of 5.68-1210 µg/ml and 2.61-18.22 µg/ml in traditional and industrial cheese samples, respectively and it was estimated at the range of 0.75-26.67 µg/ml and 0.71- 35.82 µg/ml for traditional and industrial ice cream samples, respectively. The lowest alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in both industrial and traditional yoghurt samples. Meanwhile, p-nitrophenol in 12% of industrial cheese, 44% of traditional cheese and 16% of both industrial and traditional ice cream samples was higher than 10 µg/ml which could be due to the inadequate pasteurization of the product or cross contamination with raw milk. The results of the present study showed a need for more strict attention in the pasteurization of milk and its products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Screening and characterization of bacteriocins produced by some Strains of Lactobacillus spp isolated from Iranian Dairy products
سعید Mirdamadi مهرنوش Tangestani In this study, the inhibitory effects of bacteriocins of lactobacilli which were isolated from Iranian traditional dairy products was determined against known gram positive, gram negative and yeast by well diffusion technique. Among 8 isolates with higher c More In this study, the inhibitory effects of bacteriocins of lactobacilli which were isolated from Iranian traditional dairy products was determined against known gram positive, gram negative and yeast by well diffusion technique. Among 8 isolates with higher capability of bacteriocin production, 2 isolates were selected for further investigations. The bacteriocins were purified by iso-propanol and ammonium sulfate precipitation following by dialysis and chromatography technique. The molecular weight of bacteriocins was determined as 45 to 66/2 KDa. by SDS-page electrophoresis. According to the results, the produced bacteriocins had more inhibition effect on Micrococcus luteus PTCC1169, Staphylococcus epidermidis PTCC1435 as well as Bacillus cereus PTCC1247 and with lesser degree of extent on Listeria monocytogenes PTCC 1301. Results also revealed that, Micrococcus luteus was the most sensitive bacterium among indicator bacteria, while Candid albicans PTCC 5027 identified as the most resistance organism. This research showed that, bacteriocins produced by lactobacilli isolated from traditional dairy products have high potency to be used against microbial pathogens and could be applied as bio-preservative in food products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Comparison of calorimetric and HPLC methods in measuring nitrate content of meat products: An economic evaluation
مسعود moradi کیومرث SHarafi سهراب Delangizan ستار JamshidpoorNitrate is a flavors compound, color stabilizer and growth inhibitor of anaerobic microorganisms in meat products. High concentration of nitrate in food can cause methaemoglobinaemia and is recognized as carcinogenic. Therefore, accurate determination of nitrate is cruc MoreNitrate is a flavors compound, color stabilizer and growth inhibitor of anaerobic microorganisms in meat products. High concentration of nitrate in food can cause methaemoglobinaemia and is recognized as carcinogenic. Therefore, accurate determination of nitrate is crucial to ensure consumers’ health. Regularly, nitrate is estimated by colorimetric and HPLC methods. In measurement of nitrate, the efficiency, accuracy, speed and amount of material are important from economical point of view. In this study, the cost of initial investment, staff, consumable material and equipments used by the two methods were calculated and finally Net Present Value (NPV) was estimated for each of them. The rate of interest was considered from 4 until 30%. According to the results the amount of initial investment, annual cost of staff and consumable materials for colorimetric method were determined as 274000000, 379080000 and 214289130 Rials, respectively. These costs for HPLC method were 342000000, 252720000 and 7633080 Rials, respectively. NPV in minimum and maximum rates of interest (4 and 30%) for colorimetric method were 8368344000 and 2242330000 Rials and for HPLC method were estimated at 4035848000 and 1207544000 Rials. As a consequence, HPLC is more economical and could be recommended for the routine measurement of nitrate in of food safety laboratories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Biotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and milk products in Tabriz city
جلال Shayegh S.G MahdilooKnowledge about phenotypic features of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and their products is very limited in Tabriz region. The aim of this study was to determine the biotypes of S. aureus. For this purpose, 48 S. aureus strains which were previously isolated f MoreKnowledge about phenotypic features of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and their products is very limited in Tabriz region. The aim of this study was to determine the biotypes of S. aureus. For this purpose, 48 S. aureus strains which were previously isolated from cow raw milk (24), traditional cheese (12) and ice cream (12) in Tabriz region were considered. Biotyping was carried out by means of Staphylokinase production, β-hemolysis, coagulation of cow plasma and crystal violates reaction. Among 48 isolates, 23 and 2 strains were belonged to the human and ovine ecovars, respectively. The rest of the isolates were identified as non-host specific ecovars. Regarding the high prevalence rate of human ecovars in this study, it seems that these ecovars may have been transmitted to these products via human handling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Evalution of probiotic potential of enterococci isolated from traditionadairy product
بهبود Jafari A.R Monadi علی Rezaei سیامک Alizadeh CH Ahmadizadeh ابوالفضل Barzegari مهرداد Pashazadeh حامد JafarzadehEnterococci have important role in the dairy industry. Also some of enterococcies with dairy origin have been reported as probiotics. The aim of this study is isolate and identify enterococcies from traditional dairy products of Meshkinshahr and Moghan(Ardabil) regions MoreEnterococci have important role in the dairy industry. Also some of enterococcies with dairy origin have been reported as probiotics. The aim of this study is isolate and identify enterococcies from traditional dairy products of Meshkinshahr and Moghan(Ardabil) regions and evaluate the potential probiotic of them. In the presence of phosphate saline buffer (PH equal to 5/2) 26 acid resistant isolates and in the presence of bile salts, 10 resistant isolates, 7 isolates with high tolerance, 6 isolates with poor tolerance and 3 susceptible isolates were identified. Biochemical identification showed isolates belonging to species of E.avium, E.faecium, E.durans and E.faecalis. Also antagonistic activity was investigated with well diffusion method showed that isolates with inhibitory ability against Escherichia coli are Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria innocua. Susceptibility study to various antibiotics showed that all strains were susceptible to vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Also all of them were resistant to solfamethacsazol. The results indicate that traditional dairy products of these regions are important source for organisms with probiotic properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Defining the Performance of the Organization on the Basis of Tendency to Entrepreneurship and Intellectual Capital: A structural equations modeling approach
Mohammad Akbare Borang Samira Pour Mohsen AytiAccording to the viewpoint based on resources, the superior performanceof organizations can result from their unique resources, integration ofresources and ability to respond to the user's environment. According to thisviewpoint, the difference in organizations performa MoreAccording to the viewpoint based on resources, the superior performanceof organizations can result from their unique resources, integration ofresources and ability to respond to the user's environment. According to thisviewpoint, the difference in organizations performance is due to the fact thatsuccessful organizations possess the strategic resources (physical, human,and organizational) that their competitors lack. Thus, differences inresources have an important role in creating profit for the organization.Among the firm's resources is intellectual capital, which has threedimensions: human, structural and communicational Hence, this studyinvestigates the role of intellectual capital and tendency to entrepreneurshipand their effects on the firm performance. The study is a descriptive, surveyanalysis, which draws on census – taking method .The data were collectedfrom the small and medium firms of Wood and Wood Products industries inMashhad and analyzed through the use of PLS software. The resultsindicated that tendency to entrepreneurship has a significant effect on firmperformance. In addition, they showed that of the three dimensions ofintellectual capital, the communicational capital has the highest rate of effecton the performance of the organization Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Providing marketing strategies based on the model and indicators of international life style and type of consumer decision making-case study : Consumers of cosmetic products.
Seyd Mohamad Taghi Hosseinikia Vahid Reza Mirabi -
Open Access Article
142 - Evaluating and prioritizing new methods of marketing health products in the elderly community (Case study of AJA retirees)
MohammadReza Rostami Maryam Mosleh Babak Maleki -
Open Access Article
143 - Variability of agricultural crops (wheat and barley) in past and future climatic conditions (Case study: Izeh city)
Qasim Keikhosravi Qasim Keikhosravi Nemat Allah Hosseini nia Nemat Allah Hosseini niaOne of the most important concerns in the world today is the debate over climate change and its consequences. In this study, in order to investigate the level of wheat and barley cultivation in past and future climatic conditions, first rainfall, average temperature, mi MoreOne of the most important concerns in the world today is the debate over climate change and its consequences. In this study, in order to investigate the level of wheat and barley cultivation in past and future climatic conditions, first rainfall, average temperature, minimum and maximum temperature data in the statistical period (1998-2018) were received from the Meteorological Organization. The Kendall Mann test was used to study the trend of changes in meteorological elements. After that, the cultivation calendar was extracted from Landsat 8 images using the NDVI index and then using Tm, Etm, Oli, and Sentinel-1 sensor images in the Google Earth engine system by calculating the index. Monthly NDVI and SVM classification process Estimated crop area in different years was estimated. Finally, the SDSM model was used to simulate and predict meteorological elements by 2040.Conclusion: According to the wheat and barley cultivation calendar, the cultivation of these crops in Izeh city starts in January and reaches its peak of greenery and growth in April, and finally from June the crop is harvested from agricultural lands. In Izeh city, there is an almost direct relationship between rainfall and cultivation area. With increasing rainfall, the area under cultivation increases. With increasing temperatures, the amount of cultivation area decreases to some extent. In the future climate conditions, all three scenarios predict an increase in the minimum and maximum temperature by 2040 by 0.7 degrees Celsius. In the rainy conditions of the past climate, in two decades, the area of cultivation will decrease by about 7.4square kilometers, and in the conditions of the future climate, it will decrease by about 11.4 to 15 square رkilometers.That is the cultivated area decreased by 8 square kilometers per decade Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Application of remote sensing products to identification of critical regions resulted from monthly extreme temperatures
Mohammad Rezaei Elham Ghasemifar Yousef Ghavidel RahimiIn the past, during extreme temperature events in Iran, precise determination of very hot and cold regions has been difficult due to absence and not a proper distribution of synoptic stations. But, nowadays the satellite data with appropriate spatial resolution pro MoreIn the past, during extreme temperature events in Iran, precise determination of very hot and cold regions has been difficult due to absence and not a proper distribution of synoptic stations. But, nowadays the satellite data with appropriate spatial resolution provides an opportunity for improving the previous research. The main purpose of this paper is determination of these regions in above mentioned conditions. Standardized Monthly mean temperature of 81 synoptic stations in Iran showed that during 1986 to 2014, in January 2008 and July 2010 most stations have been an extreme temperatures anomaly. For this, we used land surface temperatures from MODIS data product (level2) onboared on Terra satellite. To classification of regions, we used cluster analysis. When we cutting the dendrogram in the first step, separated 13 regions for July 2010 and 6 region for January 2008. In July 2010, Lut desert determined as the hottest area and in January 2008 northwest of Iran was the coldest and costal sea in south east was the pleasant in term of temperatures. Therefore, due to the lack synoptic station in Lut desert and also not distinct of this region as a separate region in previous study, capability of remote sensing product was obvious.Also result showed that unlike of synoptic station data, the MODIS remote sensing product very well indicate role of mountain in variability of temperature. However, by existing of satellite data, temperature map must have ability to showing the role of roughness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - The effectof number and frequency ofscarification on survivaland regenerationofAstragalusgossypinusFischer
سید مرتضی Abtahi کریم BagherzadehAbstract Gum tragacanth is one of the most important medicinal and industrial products of rangelands, obtained from the scarification of gum tragacanth-producing Astragalus including Astragalus gossypinus. This species is threatened with extinction due to the non-norma MoreAbstract Gum tragacanth is one of the most important medicinal and industrial products of rangelands, obtained from the scarification of gum tragacanth-producing Astragalus including Astragalus gossypinus. This species is threatened with extinction due to the non-normative exploitation. This research was aimed to provide a scientific method for the exploitation of gum tragacanth as well as the conservation and survival of this species. The study was conducted in two regions of Isfahan province using a random complete blocks design in a factorial scheme with three replications. Each replication included 30 shrubs that were exploited for the first time. Treatments included the number of scarification and harvesting. The traits included the amount of gum tragacanths obtained from each replication, the percentage of plant mortality, canopy cover, and 1000-seed weight. According to the obtained results, the number of harvesting had a negative impact on canopy cover. The number of scarification and harvesting and their interaction effect on product was not significant. Overall, two scars and four-times harvesting could be recommended for the exploitation of A. gossypinus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity in aqueous extract of Trigonella foenumgraceum L.
Seed Mehrdad Kassaee Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi Nashim Hayati Rudbari Parecher YaghmaeiTrigonella foenumgraceum L. with variety of polyphenoles which has been used as an antioxidant and nutritive vegetable to treat of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of plant leave extract MoreTrigonella foenumgraceum L. with variety of polyphenoles which has been used as an antioxidant and nutritive vegetable to treat of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the phytochemical, antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of plant leave extract. The leaves were collected from medicinal garden of Hamedan during August 2014. The aqueous extract was obtained by maceration. Total phenol and flavonoid content were determined by using spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activity were measured by using FRAP, ferric chelating activity, thiol and DPPH radical scavenging assay. The anti-diuretic properties, inhibition of fructose amine and advanced glycation end products formation and also albumin fragmentation by spectrophotometric, spectrofluorometric and electrophoresis methods, respectively. The results were showed that the total phenol content (23.87mg GAE/g), total flavonoid (17.29 mgQUE/g), thiolgrou (p0.26 mmoleCYE/mg) and total antioxidant capacity (0.33mmole FeSO4E/mg). Ferric chelating ability and radical scavenging activities were both in a concentration-related manner. The aqueous extract of plant in high concentration could inhibit fructosam ineformation (70.9%) and also albumin fragmentation. Thus this extract can be used for prevention of plant -related complications of diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Investigation of Products Distribution In Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis By Nano-sized Iron-based Catalyst
Ali Mohajeri Yahya Zamani Laleh Shirazi -
Open Access Article
148 - Translation of English Brand Names into Persian: Type of translation and font size in focus
Parisa Mohammad Zamani Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi -
Open Access Article
149 - Impact of Oil Different Products Consumption on Economic Growth in Iran Provinces
kumars Shahbazi hosein Asgharpur Karim moharramzadehThe main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between different oil products consumption and economic growth in Iran provinces. The basic question is whether the reduction of different oil products consumption caused by subsidy reform plan decelera MoreThe main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between different oil products consumption and economic growth in Iran provinces. The basic question is whether the reduction of different oil products consumption caused by subsidy reform plan decelerates the economic growth or not? To answer this question, we use Panel Data model and quarterly data during 2000Q1-2006Q4 at provincial level. The results indicate that gasoline and gasoil consumption have positive and significant effect on economic growth of the provinces, such that the elasticity of provinces products compared to the gasoline and gasoil consumption is 0.22 and 0.19 respectively. The results also represent that the development expenditures of government and population have positive and significant effect on economic growth. The ratio of population elasticity to the production is larger than the ratio of the production elasticity to the development expenditures of government. According to this research, it can be argued that the limitation of oil products consumption can decelerate the economic growth in Iran provinces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - The Use of an Endogenous Growth Model to Calculate the Optimal Rate of Value Added Tax with Emphasis on Harmful Products and Waste
Ahmad Jafari Samimi Saeed Karimi Potanlar Kooroush AzamiThe aim of this paper is to calculate the optimal rate of value added tax with emphasis on harmful products and waste and oil revenues using a model of endogenous growth for Iran’s economy. For this purpose, at first, a generalized growth model for three parts inc MoreThe aim of this paper is to calculate the optimal rate of value added tax with emphasis on harmful products and waste and oil revenues using a model of endogenous growth for Iran’s economy. For this purpose, at first, a generalized growth model for three parts including households, firms and government developed. After developing the model and achieving a determiner relationship of the optimal rate of value added tax, using the parameters of Iran’s economy, the model was calibrated and tax optimized values for different scenarios were calculated. The results showed that in the face of declining oil revenues, to remain in a constant situation, optimal rate of value added tax will be increased. More economic growth will increase the tax optimal rate. By increasing social sensitivity to the harmful products and waste, in order to provide optimum conditions for social welfare, the optimal rate of value added tax should be increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products
yasanallah pourashraf ata eslami abolfazl ferdowsiThe purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products with regard to the mediating role of environmental attitudes of customers. The present study is an applied one and a MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigating the relationship between individual factors and willingness to purchase environmentally friendly products with regard to the mediating role of environmental attitudes of customers. The present study is an applied one and a descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consists of all customers of Ard Kalaleh Company in Golestan province, with Indefinite number and the sample size of the research using Krejecie and Morgan table was 384 people, which was selected by simple random sampling method. Data collection in this study was field method and data collection tools were standard questionnaires. The reliability of the questionnaires was determined and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha method. Structural Equation Model using LISREL software was used to investigate the research hypotheses. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that there is a significant relationship between individual factors of constomers and their desire to purchase environmentally friendly products with the mediating role of environmental attitudes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Validation of social marketing of cultural products based on risk management (Study case: Isfahan Municipality's Cultural Vice-Chancellor)
saeed aghasi masoud mokhtarikarchegani Mohammad Reza dalvi isfahanThe present study is an applied-developmental research that was conducted with the aim of modeling social marketing of cultural products based on risk management. In terms of the method of data collection, it is also a descriptive-survey research. The community of parti MoreThe present study is an applied-developmental research that was conducted with the aim of modeling social marketing of cultural products based on risk management. In terms of the method of data collection, it is also a descriptive-survey research. The community of participants of the qualitative part includes marketing professors and managers of Isfahan Municipality, 12 of whom were selected by purposive sampling method. The statistical population of the quantitative part also includes the citizens of Isfahan city, 384 of whom were selected by cluster-random method. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. The analysis of expert interviews was done with thematic analysis method and MaxQDA software. In the quantitative part, partial least squares method and Smart PLS software were used. Research findings showed that marketing infrastructure, non-financial risk management and financial risk management affect the social responsibility of the municipality. The social responsibility of the municipality also affects the combination of community-oriented marketing and internal marketing. Similarly, these factors affect customer orientation and service quality. Finally, increasing the social behavior of employees leads to the social marketing of cultural products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Genotyping of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from raw milk and dairy products
Soolmaz Mousavi Farhad Safarpoor Dehkordi Yousef ValizadehSo far, transmission pathways and epidemiological aspects of Helicobacter pylori are not identified well. Role of water and food materials in transmission of Helicobacter pylori to human is probable. The present study was carried out to genotyping of Helicobacter pylori MoreSo far, transmission pathways and epidemiological aspects of Helicobacter pylori are not identified well. Role of water and food materials in transmission of Helicobacter pylori to human is probable. The present study was carried out to genotyping of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from the samples of raw milk and dairy products collected from Isfahan province. In total, 250 samples of milk and dairy products were collected and transferred to the laboratory. DNA extraction was done and detection of 16S rRNA gene of the Helicobacter pylori was performed using from the PCR test. Positive samples were analyzed for presence of various genotypes of VacA and CagA. From a total of 250 samples of milk and dairy products, 37 samples (14.8%) were infected with Helicobacter pylori. Sheep milk had the highest (25%) and traditional cheese (2%) had the lowest rate of infection. Statistically significant difference was seen between the type of sample and prevalence rate of Helicobacter pylori. VacA s1a (27.02%), VacA m1a (24.32%) and CagA (21.62%) were the most frequently detected genotypes. S1am1a (16.21%) and s1am2 (5.40%) genotypes had the highest frequency amont combined genotypes. Genotypic similarity of Helicobacter pylori strains of various samples represented their similar source of infection. Genotypic similarity pattern of our study and conducted studies on clinical samples of human represented transmission of Helicobacter pylori strains from infected staffs of milking and saling of milk and dairy products to samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - The Isolation of lactic acid bacteria from local dairy products of Gorgan township with the ability to inhibit the growth of some gastrointestinal pathogens
hadi koohsari Zeinab Rashti Shohre ArabIsolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from local products can play an important role in the introduction of unique types of probiotics. The present study was conducted in an attempt to isolate lactic acid bacteria from local dairy produced in the township MoreIsolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria from local products can play an important role in the introduction of unique types of probiotics. The present study was conducted in an attempt to isolate lactic acid bacteria from local dairy produced in the township of Gorgan which had the ability to inhibit the growth of some gastrointestinal pathogens. In order to isolate lactic acid bacteria, cheeses samples were sub-cultured on media cultures of MRS agar, M17 Agar , KAA and MRS+Vancomycin. Then, isolates were identified based on general morphological characteristics, biochemical and sugar fermentation tests. Using agar well diffusion, the antibacterial activity of culture supernatant of lactic acid bacteria was tested against four pathogenic bacteria. Among 24 samples of local cheeses and dooghs and 4 industrial samples, a total of 73 isolates were identified in which Lactobacillus casei was the most frequent isolate with with 34.24%. Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from sheep's dough and sheep's cheese and Lactobacillus delbrucki and Lactobacillus ramenosus isolated from sheep's dough showed significant antibacterial activity against all pathogenic bacteria studied, namely, E. coli, S. aureus, B. cereus and C. freundii. Moreover, lactic acid bacteria isolated from industrial samples showed less antibacterial activity compared to isolates of local samples. Overall according to antagonistic effects of lactic acid bacteria isolated from of Gorgan’s local dairy products, it is recommended to evaluate their use as probiotic bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus ruteri isolated from dairy products in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models
Elham Aminian Elham Moazamian Mohammad Amin EdatamaneshBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed u MoreBased on the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus isolated from dairy products on blood glucose in diabetic rats. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus from dairy products were performed using biochemical and molecular tests. In this study, treatment was performed on 49 male Wistar rats with a mean age of approximately 6 to 8 weeks. Rats were divided into 7 groups of 7 each. In the intervention group, Lactobacillus ruteri and Lactobacillus plantarum were used. At the end of 4 weeks, weight changes and blood glucose levels of the rats were compared to the positive and negative controls. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test for comparison of variables. The results showed that during one month the mice were exposed to Lactobacillus bacteria had the highest weight in the fourth week and the lowest weight in the first week of the study. A significant decrease in blood glucose level was observed in the groups consuming L. plantarum and L. ruteri. The present study showed that intervention of Lactobacillus without altering diet or specific diet in rats can significantly decrease blood sugar in the bacterial group. Considering the effect of the studied bacteria on blood glucose reduction, it can be claimed that Lactobacillus can be suggested as an adjunctive treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Isolation and Screening of Exopolysaccharide Producing bacteria from traditional dairy products in Kerman province and Molecular identification of them
Zahra Khodae Jalalabadi Shahla Soltani NezhadExopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria play an important role in the improvement of sensory and textural properties of fermented dairy products. The aim of this study was to isolate and molecular identify of exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria from traditi MoreExopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria play an important role in the improvement of sensory and textural properties of fermented dairy products. The aim of this study was to isolate and molecular identify of exopolysaccharide-producing bacteria from traditional dairy products in Kerman province. The traditional dairy product samples were collected aseptically and then cultured directly in MRS agar media. After purification, examining microscopic and macroscopic properties and performing biochemical tests, 20 strains were selected and production of EPS was measured with phenol/sulfuric acid method. The results were compared with the glucose standard curve and the amounts of production were determined. The EPS production pattern were compared with the growth pattern of the bacteria and the effects of the temperature and pH on the production of EPS were investigated. Finally, M-2 and M-26 were chosen as the top strains and identified by molecular method. Then the produced EPS was extracted and antimicrobial activity was investigated with Agar diffusion method. the results showed that the 20 isolates produced two kinds of EPS. Two isolates including M-2 and M-26 had the maximum amount of production belonged to Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Enterococcus faecium respectively. The production of the EPS in the PH 6.5-8 under the temperature 25-42˚C were investigated and the results showed that the maximum amount of production was at the 37˚C and pH=7.5 in the end of logarithmic growth. The results of this study indicate EPS production is possible by traditional dairy products of Kerman province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Isolation and screening of bacteriocin-producing bacteria from native dairy products of Kerman province and study of antibacterial activity of produced bacteriocin
Mohammad Khodaii Shala Soltani NezhadIn recent years, Bacteriocins have been recognized as natural preservatives in food and drug industries, also, nowadays, they are used as substitutes of chemical antibiotics for treatment of infections. Bacteria in probiotic dairies recognized as “Lactic Acid Bact MoreIn recent years, Bacteriocins have been recognized as natural preservatives in food and drug industries, also, nowadays, they are used as substitutes of chemical antibiotics for treatment of infections. Bacteria in probiotic dairies recognized as “Lactic Acid Bacteria”, are significant group of bacteriocin producing bacteria. In this study 15 isolates have been isolated from native dairies of Kerman province. The Bacteriocins were purified by sulfate ammonium method. The effect of produced bacteriocins on different indicator gram negative and positive strains was investigated. The effects of trypsin, pH ranges, and heat on the produced bacteriocin were investigated too. The isolate that produced the most bacteriocin with the most antibacterial activity, identified as Enterococcus faecium Y1.The maximum antibacterial effect was observed against Listeria monocytogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The produced bacteriocin lost activity in presence of trypsin. It was resistant against pH ranges from 2 to 12 and heat ranges up to autoclave temperature. The produced bacteriocin had a wide antibacterial activity spectrum against the gram positive and negative bacteria, in particular pathogenic bacteria, also was resistant against heat and pH ranges. As a result, use of bacteriocin in food and drug industry, as animal feed, and as a substitute for chemical antibiotics is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Prevalens of entrocins produced by Entrococcus fecalis isolated from dairy products in Shahrekord city
Elaheh Barzam الهه تاج بخش Ebrahim RahimiBacteriocins are proteins produced by bacteria especially Acid lactic bacteria having antimicrobial characteristics and used for food preservation. In recent years, especial considerations have been taken to detection of acid lactic bacteria and Bacteriocins in food ind MoreBacteriocins are proteins produced by bacteria especially Acid lactic bacteria having antimicrobial characteristics and used for food preservation. In recent years, especial considerations have been taken to detection of acid lactic bacteria and Bacteriocins in food industries to use them as food preservatives. In this study, 120 samples of different traditional dairy products were examined to investigate genes of Enterocin, Entrain A, Enterocin P and Enterocin AS-48. After separation and detection of bacteria in presence of special primers related to Enterocingenes, their frequencies were studied. Among 120 samples, 44 (36.36%) were contaminated to Enterococcusfireclays. The gene related to EnterocinA in 14 isolates (31/81%), the gene related to Enterocin P in 13 isolates (29/54%), the gene related to EnterocinAs-48 in 9 isolates (20/45%), the simultaneous presence of the gene related to EnterocinA and P in 2 isolates (4/54%), the gene related to Enterocins A and As-48 in 7 isolates (15/09%) and the gene related to Enterocins A, P and As-48 in 5 isolates (11/36%) were observed. According to the presence of a lot of Enterocingenes in Enterococcusfaecalis separated from dairy products, doing research on antimicrobial characteristics of Enterocins produced by this bacterium is of great necessity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - SCCmec typing of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from milk and dairy products
Narges Aminifard Hasan Momtaz Zahra BamzadehStaphylococcus aureus is a major opportunistic pathogen causing various diseases such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Indiscriminate and excessive use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance in this bacterium, especially against commonly used antibiotic MoreStaphylococcus aureus is a major opportunistic pathogen causing various diseases such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections. Indiscriminate and excessive use of antibiotics leads to antibiotic resistance in this bacterium, especially against commonly used antibiotics in the treatment. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance pattern of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from milk and traditional milk products, especially resistance to methicillin. A total of 403 samples of milk and milk products was examined and collected from distribution centers of traditional and dairy products. Strains isolated were tested by PCR to determine the frequency of mec gene, SCCmec types and genes coding for antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistance pattern of isolates was assessed by disk diffusion method. Out of 403 samples, 151 samples (%44.67) were infected with Staphylococcus aureus, and the highest prevalence of infection was found in samples of cow raw milk (%58.55). Only IV type was detected in mecA-positive isolates among SCCmec types; a number of 66 isolates belonged to IVd type, 21 isolates related to IVc type and 13 isolates belonged to IVa type and the significant differences between SCCmec type IVd with two types IVc and IVa was observed. The high prevalence of infection with Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk and traditional milk products and high antibiotic resistance of the isolates to common types of antibiotics in treating human infections are serious warning to the community and it requires hygienic measures and quality control of dairy products more than ever. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Isolation of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis in bison milk and dairy products and bison meat by cultural and PCR method
Sanaz Alizadeh Hassan Momtaz Ebrahim RahimiThis study aims at investigating the outbreak of Salmonella and Disease-Agent Genes Pf Salmonella interitidis and Salmonella typhimurium separted from bison milk and its products and bison meat in Khuzestan province- Mollasani town. On the MoreThis study aims at investigating the outbreak of Salmonella and Disease-Agent Genes Pf Salmonella interitidis and Salmonella typhimurium separted from bison milk and its products and bison meat in Khuzestan province- Mollasani town. On the Whole, 210 samples of meat, milk and its products in Esfand 94 and Farvardin 95 have been collected from Mollasani town. Samples have been analyzed for the presence of S. interitidis and S. typhimurium and Disease- Agent Genes. The outbreak of Salmonella in the studied sample was 2.8%. Highest out breaks of contamination were respectively in cheese sample 10%, cream 7.14% and 2.5%. No Salmonella was detected in meat, yogurt, butter and rice pudding. The separated Salmonella in the sample were S. interitidis5% and S. typhimurium 2.5%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - The Study of Effect of Natural Warm Pear Wood Smoke on Quantitative Characteristics of Cured Chicken Ham without Nitrite
Arthur Kalestians Ali Reza Shahab Lavasani Sara MovahedThe use of nitrite as preservative and color stabilizer in meat products like hams is common. Due to its carcinogenic effects, it has negative track record among consumers. On the other hand, low concentrations increases the risk of Clostridium botolinum growth during s MoreThe use of nitrite as preservative and color stabilizer in meat products like hams is common. Due to its carcinogenic effects, it has negative track record among consumers. On the other hand, low concentrations increases the risk of Clostridium botolinum growth during storage and the production of toxin of botulism. By replacing this preservative with warm and natural pear wood smoke, in suggested situations, a safe product without having carcinogenic affects can be produced.Therefore, the general objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hot and natural wood smoke on the quality of chicken ham without nitrite at 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes. In this study, treatments were smoked by warm and natural pear wood for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after production, vacuumed and kept for 50 days under refrigerate condition (1-4 C°) and were examined physicochemical, microbial and the amount of compounds Benzo-a-Pyrene in 10, 20, 30, 45, 50 days. The results showed that there was a significant difference between moisture content, protein, ash and control in other treatments (P≤0.05). There was a significant difference between the control and other treatments for microbial characteristics (Clostridium perfringens) (P≤0.05). And the residual amount of Benzo-a-Pyrene was evaluated in fumigated treatments within the standard range(<0.5µg/Kg). Relying on chemical and microbial results, treatments without nitrite and smoked for 45 and 60 minutes, were the best among other treatments in comparison with the control treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Isolation and evaluation of some probiotic features of enterococci from Jersey cow milk and its fermented products in Qom
حمید میرزائی Zahra NourihamedEnterococci are among the lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential which are found in dairy products and especially in fermented products. The study aimed to isolate enterococci from raw milk of Jersey cows and its fermented products as well as to determine some pr MoreEnterococci are among the lactic acid bacteria with probiotic potential which are found in dairy products and especially in fermented products. The study aimed to isolate enterococci from raw milk of Jersey cows and its fermented products as well as to determine some probiotic properties of the isolates. Five specimens from each of raw milk, buttermilk, yogurt, cheese, and butter were obtained. Twelve isolates of Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus avium, and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated. The antimicrobial effects of the isolates were investigated on indicator microorganisms. All isolates had an inhibitory effect on these microorganisms. Escherichia coli was more sensitive than the others. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Listeria ivanovii followed, and the lowest susceptibility was observed in Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. Overall, gram-negative microorganisms were significantly more sensitive than gram-positive microorganisms (p≤0.05). In the study of resistance of isolates in culture medium containing 0.3% bile, out of 12 isolates obtained from the tested samples, two isolates of E. avium (40%), three E. faecalis isolates (100%), and one E. faecium (20%) were found to be resistant. Amongst, one isolate of E. avium was resistant to acidic conditions. In general, milk and fermented products can be considered rich sources of Enterococcus species, a small number of which are resistant to the human gastrointestinal tract environment. Of course, these isolates must be further evaluated for safety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Frequency of binding genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy products in Shahrekord. Binding genes of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products
Rasul Pajohesh Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan Momtaz Ebrahim RahimiStaphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals, which can cause contaminating dairy products. In this research, 250 traditional dairy products, including butter, yogurt, cheese, curd, and cream, were prepared from different parts of Shahrekord MoreStaphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals, which can cause contaminating dairy products. In this research, 250 traditional dairy products, including butter, yogurt, cheese, curd, and cream, were prepared from different parts of Shahrekord city and transported to the microbiology laboratory of Shahrekord Azad University in sterile containers with ice. The isolation of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was done according to standard protocols and molecular methods. Genetic evaluation of biofilm was done by PCR method to detect the most common biofilm coding genes (icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, bap, fnbA, fnbB, clfB, clfA). From the total of 250 examined samples, 50 samples (20%) were positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Contamination was reported in 26% of curd, 24% of butter, 22% of cheese, 16% of cream, and 12% of yogurt. The frequency of the mentioned genes was reported as 74%, 68%, 64%, 76%, 30%, 96%, 90%, 32% and 28% respectively. In the microtiter plate method, biofilm reaction was observed in 30 isolates (60%), strong biofilm was observed in 20 isolates (66.66%), and weak biofilm was observed in 10 isolates (33.33%). No biofilm reaction was observed in 5 isolates (16.66%). Based on Fisher's exact test, a statistically significant relationship was reported between the studied genes and strong and moderate biofilm reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Chemical and Microbial Quality of Pasteurized Yoghurt in the Zanjan Province in 2012 to 2014
Adel Mirza Alizadeh Mehran Mohseni Abbas Ali Zamani Hamid Barani BonabAbstract Generally, yogurt has the highest consumption among all fermented milk products in the world and has significant nutritional value, particularly protein and calcium. Yogurt due to having higher acid, often suffer micro-organism infections resistant to acid such MoreAbstract Generally, yogurt has the highest consumption among all fermented milk products in the world and has significant nutritional value, particularly protein and calcium. Yogurt due to having higher acid, often suffer micro-organism infections resistant to acid such as molds and yeasts. But main surface spoilage in yogurt occurs by mold. The present study was done between the years 2012 to 2014 on pasteurized yogurt samples collected from 9 dairy products industry of Zanjan Province for the purpose of monitoring the quality of products. The results showed that from among 50 samples of pasteurized yogurt, all of them in terms of acidity, pH and solids-not-fat (SNF) properties were consistent with national standards. Also in investigating the total bacteria count, no infection was observed with pathogenic micro-organisms. Findings from the study showed that most of the pasteurized yogurt produced in the Province of Zanjan in terms of the quality and biological characteristics is suitable and compliant with standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureusin meat and meat products
Fatemeh Nonahal Ebrahim Rahimi Esmaeil AtaieSalehiAbstract Staphylococcus aureus as the second or third important food-borne pathogen all around the world. Ability of development and production of heat-stable enterotoxin in a wide range of the food made Staphylococcus has one of the most important factors causing the MoreAbstract Staphylococcus aureus as the second or third important food-borne pathogen all around the world. Ability of development and production of heat-stable enterotoxin in a wide range of the food made Staphylococcus has one of the most important factors causing the food poisoning. This study was done to investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus in meat and meat products in Esfahan. From summer to winter 2012, 450 samples including raw beef (n=80), minced meat (n=80), lamb (n=80), goat (n=80), camel (n=50), hamburger (n=40), kebab (n=40) were randomly collected from butcheries and supermarkets in Isfahan, and analyzed for the presence of S. aureus. Totally, 234 (55/6 %) S. aureus were detected in meat and meat products. The mean count of S. aureus in positive samples was 8/3×102. The results indicated that although the percentage of contaminated samples was high, the number of bacteria presented in the samples is low with no potential risk for public health. To effectively manage the food production for decreasing diseases more epidemiologic investigations about S. aureustoxication are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in meat and meat products
Fatemeh Nonahal Ebrahim Rahimi Esmail Ataie SalehiStaphylococcus aureus as the second or third important food-borne pathogen all around the world. Ability of development and production of heat-stable enterotoxin in a wide range of the food made Staphylococcus has one of the most important factors causing the food MoreStaphylococcus aureus as the second or third important food-borne pathogen all around the world. Ability of development and production of heat-stable enterotoxin in a wide range of the food made Staphylococcus has one of the most important factors causing the food poisoning. This study was done to investigates the prevalence of Staphylococcus in meat and meat products in Esfahan. From summer to winter 2012, 450 samples including raw beef (n=80), minced meat (n=80), lamb (n=80), goat (n=80), camel (n=50), hamburger (n=40), kebab (n=40) were randomly collected from butcheries and supermarkets in Isfahan, and analyzed for the presence of S. aureus. Totally, 234 (55/6 %) S. aureus were detected in meat and meat products. The mean count of S. aureus in positive samples was 8/3×102. The results indicated that although the percentage of contaminated samples was high, The number of bacteria presented in the samples is low with no potential risk for public health. To effectively manage the food production for decreasing diseases more epidemiologic investigations about S. aureus toxication are needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - گیاهان دارویی آمریکای جنوبی برای درمان هیپرپلازی خوش خیم پروستات: یک بررسی سیستماتیک
الیانا سولورزانو پائولو پاستور دیوید گریسفیBackground & Aim: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the prevalent age-related medical conditionin men. In the last 20 years, alternative therapies, especially those based on herbs, are increasingly preferred. The most popularly consumed herb is Serenoa re MoreBackground & Aim: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the prevalent age-related medical conditionin men. In the last 20 years, alternative therapies, especially those based on herbs, are increasingly preferred. The most popularly consumed herb is Serenoa repens, a plant growing in the subtropical south-eastern United States which has shown very efficient results compared to pharmacological conventional treatments both in terms of cost and risks associated with them. Nevertheless, the same trial found no difference between S. repens and placebo according to the American Urological Association Symptom Score Index. As more and more consumers are turning increasingly towards natural therapies, it would be appropriate to promote the recognition of the value of other medicinal plants with potential applicability through comprehensive research. For this purpose, a descriptive comparison between several South-American plants little publicised in the pharmaceutical market is presented to slightly narrow the gap between the reliable evidence-based and popular information for consumers and the pharmaceutical industry.Experimental: With this approach, a review of the literature was conducted through an electronic consultation of two databases, Science Direct and Google Scholar™.Results: This narrative review highlights the wide range of natural medicines available for controlling the inflammatory symptoms of the lower urinary tract, which could be more explored from a pharmacological and chemical point of view.Recommended applications/industries: The future use of natural products requires further investment in pre-clinical research and in clinical trials that investigate stability and a profitable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic ratio. Although they are well tolerated and used daily by South American populations, the industry's proper commercial focus on these natural remedies cannot be separated from appropriate phyto-vigilance actions promoted Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - مروری بر اثر جایگزینی ساکارز با شیرین کنندهی غیر مغذی استویا و ترکیبات حجم دهنده متفاوت بر روی خواص فیزیکو شیمیایی
آلاله نکویی امیرپویا قندهاری یزدی مینا شمسایی لیلا صداقت بروجنیمقدمه و هدف: تغییر فرهنگ زندگی، کم شدن تحرک بدنی انسانها و بروز مشکلاتی نظیر چاقی و فشار خون از یک طرف، شیوع بیماریهای قلبی و عروقی از طرف دیگر، نشان میدهد که توجه به تولید فرمولاسیون های غذایی کم کالری ضروری میباشد. گیاه استویا یک شیرین کننده طبیعی است که تخمین زده Moreمقدمه و هدف: تغییر فرهنگ زندگی، کم شدن تحرک بدنی انسانها و بروز مشکلاتی نظیر چاقی و فشار خون از یک طرف، شیوع بیماریهای قلبی و عروقی از طرف دیگر، نشان میدهد که توجه به تولید فرمولاسیون های غذایی کم کالری ضروری میباشد. گیاه استویا یک شیرین کننده طبیعی است که تخمین زده میشود 300 برابر شیرین تر از نیشکر است. عصاره برگ استویا جزء ترویج تعادل کالری است و میتواند جزء مفید از یک شیوه زندگی سالم در رژیم غذایی باشد. استویا برای درمان شرایط مختلف از قبیل سرطان دیابت، چاقی، پوسیدگی دندان، فشار خون بالا، خستگی و افسردگی مورد استفاده قرار میگیرد. بحث و نتایج: با توجه به این خصوصیات امروزه استفاده از آن در محصولات غذایی مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است. با توجه به نقش عمده ساکارز در ایجاد بافت، طعم و رنگ، جایگزینی ساکارز با شیرین کنندههای مختلف امری دشوار به حساب میآید. در این مقاله به عوامل مؤثر در جایگزینی و همچنین نتایج حاصل از جایگزینی ساکارز با شیرین کننده رژیمی استویا پرداخته شده است. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: به هر حال پس مزه تلخ استویا باعث کاهش مصرف آن در فرمولاسیون مواد غذایی میشود که این مشکل را میتوان با استفاده از طعم دهندههای مختلف و ترکیبات پرکننده بر طرف نمود. با توجه به میزان شیرینی بالا (300 برابر نسبت به ساکارز)، میزان مصرف آن کم میباشد و بنابراین از لحاظ اقتصادی نیز دارای توجیه میباشد. استفاده از این شیرین کننده در صنایع لبنیات، آبمیوه و قنادی به عنوان جایگزین ساکارز با توجه به تحقیقات امکانپذیر میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Improving supply chain collaborations and performance of inefficient supply chain
م. صانعی S. Mamizadeh-Chatghayeh -
Open Access Article
170 - سطوح بالای آفتابگردان خرد شده در جیرهها برای برههای پرواری سبب کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت لاشه میگردد
ای.ر. اُلیویرا جی.ر. گندرا ف.پ. مُنکااُ آ.م.آ. گابریئل آ.ر.م. فرناندز ر.اچ.ت. گواس م.جی. مورایس ای.ب. مونیز ت.ل. پریرااین مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد و برخی از خصوصیات لاشه در بره­های پرواری که آفتابگردان خرد شده (SC) در جیره به عنوان جایگزین نسبی کنجاله سویا دریافت می­کنند، اجرا گردیده است. طرح آزمایشی از نوع بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار سطح SC در جیره (0، 10، 20 و 30 درصد ماده خ Moreاین مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی عملکرد و برخی از خصوصیات لاشه در بره­های پرواری که آفتابگردان خرد شده (SC) در جیره به عنوان جایگزین نسبی کنجاله سویا دریافت می­کنند، اجرا گردیده است. طرح آزمایشی از نوع بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار سطح SC در جیره (0، 10، 20 و 30 درصد ماده خشک (DM)) بوده است. مقادیر کاهش خطی برای هر واحد درصد SC افزوده شده به جیره برای مصرف ماده خشک، پروتئین خام، افزایش وزن روزانه و ضریب تبدیل خوراک به ترتیب 02/0، 003/0، 003/0 و 17/0 درصد بوده است. با افزایش یک درصد SC در جیره، در صفات وزن لاشه، لاشه گرم و لاشه سرد نیز به ترتیب 15/0، 11/0 و 12/0 درصد کاهش خطی معنی­دار مشاهده گردید. استفاده از SC تأثیری بر تولید بیولوژیک و خصوصیات ماربلینگ، بافت و رنگ گوشت نداشت. از SC در سیستم­های وسیع پرورابندی می­توان به عنوان مکمل برای جایگزینی کنجاله سویا حداکثر تا 20 درصد استفاده نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - تغذیه خانوادههای زنبور عسل با یک افزودنی سولفات کبالت
ر. بالکانسکا د. سالکووازنبورهای عسل (Apis melifera) برای زندگی معمول خود نیازمند پروتئین­ها، کربوهیدرات­ها، لیپیدها، ویتامین­ها و مواد معدنی هستند. به خوبی مشخص شده است که کبالت و ویتامین B12 دو ماده مغذی هستند که در گرده و گیاهانی که تأثیر مثبتی در تغذیه زنبورهای عسل داشتند، گزار Moreزنبورهای عسل (Apis melifera) برای زندگی معمول خود نیازمند پروتئین­ها، کربوهیدرات­ها، لیپیدها، ویتامین­ها و مواد معدنی هستند. به خوبی مشخص شده است که کبالت و ویتامین B12 دو ماده مغذی هستند که در گرده و گیاهانی که تأثیر مثبتی در تغذیه زنبورهای عسل داشتند، گزارش گردیده­اند. بدین منظور، هدف از این مطالعه تعیین تأثیر تغذیه خانواده­های زنبور عسل با سولفات کبالت به عنوان یک مکمل، بر ترکیب شیمیایی بدن زنبورهای کارگر و برخی از تولیدات زنبور عسل بوده است. این تحقیق در طی ماه­های می تا آگوست 2015 در بخش تحقیقات زنبور عسل موسسه علوم دامی کاستینبراد انجام دشه است. 6 خانواده زنبور عسل در قالب 3 خانواده آزمایشی (تغذیه شده با شربت شکر، شکر به آب با نسبت 1 به 1 و 4 میلی­گرم در هر لیتر سولفات کبالت به عنوان یک مکمل) و 3 خانواده شاهد (تغذیه شده فقط با شربت شکر) مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که افزودن 4 میلی­گرم در هر لیتر سولفات کبالت در شربت شکر خانواده­های زنبور عسل تأثیری بر میانگین وزن و ترکیب شیمیایی زنبورهای کارگر ندارد. تفاوت­های معنی­دار آماری (05/0>P) در فعالیت دیاستاز عسل در گروه خانواده­های آزمایشی دیده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - بخش بندی پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته در شرایط آزمایشگاه
ا. مختارپور ع.ع. ناصریان ر. ولیزاده م. دانش مسگران ف. پورملاییبه منظور بررسی بخش­های مختلف پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در شرایط آزمایشگاه در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با سطوح مختلف عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته و ارزیابی ارزش زیستی تانن­های آن، دو آزمایش انجام شد. محصولات فرعی پسته با نسبت 1:5 (وزن به حجم) به مدت 12 ساعت در آب خیس Moreبه منظور بررسی بخش­های مختلف پروتئین خام و تولید گاز در شرایط آزمایشگاه در سیلاژهای یونجه عملآوری شده با سطوح مختلف عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته و ارزیابی ارزش زیستی تانن­های آن، دو آزمایش انجام شد. محصولات فرعی پسته با نسبت 1:5 (وزن به حجم) به مدت 12 ساعت در آب خیسانده شدند. پس از صاف کردن و تغلیظ، عصاره خام به علوفه تازه یونجه اضافه شد تا به ترتیب سطوح 1، 2 و 3 درصد ماده خشک یونجه، تانن به دست آید و سپس به مدت 60 روز سیلو شدند. چهار تیمار به این ترتیب بود؛ سیلاژ یونجه بدون عملآوری با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته، به عنوان شاهد (T0)، اضافه کردن تانن محصولات فرعی پسته در سطح 1 درصد (T1)، 2 درصد (T2) و 3 درصد ماد خشک (T3). عملآوری سیلاژ یونجه، میزان ترکیبات نیتروژنه غیر پروتئینی را کاهش و بخش B2 را در طی سیلو شدن، افزایش داد. تولید گاز تجمعی پس از 96 ساعت انکوباسیون، قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD) و انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) در تیمار T2 و T3 در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد کاهش پیدا کرد. میزان تولید گاز و اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر (SCFA) در سیلاژهای عملآوری شده در حضور پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) افزایش یافت که نشان می­دهد وجود ترکیبات فنولی و تانن­ها باعث کاهش تولید گاز شد. می­توان نتیجه گرفت که عملآوری سیلاژ یونجه با عصاره محصولات فرعی پسته از طریق ممانعت میکروبی، می­تواند منجر به کاهش هدرروی نیتروژن در طی سیلو شدن و کاهش تجزیه پذیری ماده آلی شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - ارزش غذایی، ساختارهای مولکولی FTIR، غلضت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله قوره، رسیده و کشمش در نشخوارکنندگان
م. یاری م. منافی م. هدایتی ر. کریمی ر. ولیزاده آ. جنکرانگور و محصولات بدست آمده از آن به خاطر مصرف در تغذیه انسان، اهمیت فراوانی در دنیا دارند. با این وجود، این محصولات ممکن است گاهی اوقات به دلیل قیمت و کیفیت پایین در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود. اهداف این پژوهش تعیین ارزش غذایی انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله غوره Moreانگور و محصولات بدست آمده از آن به خاطر مصرف در تغذیه انسان، اهمیت فراوانی در دنیا دارند. با این وجود، این محصولات ممکن است گاهی اوقات به دلیل قیمت و کیفیت پایین در تغذیه نشخوارکنندگان استفاده شود. اهداف این پژوهش تعیین ارزش غذایی انگور رقم بیدانه سفید در سه مرحله غوره (خوشه کامل)، رسیده (خوشه کامل)، و کشمش برای نشخوارکنندگان به صورت اندازهگیری ترکیب شیمیایی و ویژگیهای تخمیرپذیری به روش تولید گاز در محیط آزمایشگاهی، بررسی ساختار مولکولی با استفاده از روش FTIR (اسپکتروسکوپی مادون قرمز با تبدیل فوریه) و آلودگیهای عناصر سنگین و سموم قارچی بود. در مقایسه با انگور رسیده و کشمش، غوره نسب نیتروژن به کربوهیدارت، فنول و تانن کل بیشتری داشت (05/0>P) و بیشترین ناحیه پیک مربوط به ترکیبات فنولی و کربوهیدارتهای ساختاری در بررسی FTIR مربوط به میوه غوره بود (05/0>P). کشمش تولید گاز تجمعی بیشتری در 24 ساعت از انکوباسیون داشت (05/0>P). مقادیر آفلاتوکسین B1، B2، G1 و G2 و آکراتوکسین A در میوه غوره و رسیده ناچیز بود در صورتیکه مقادیر کمی در کشمش مشاهده شد (05/0>P). غلظت سرب در میوه غوره و کشمش کمتر از میوه رسیده بود (05/0>P). در نتیجه، ترکیبات فنولی و تاننها، غلظت سموم قارچی و عناصر سنگین در میوه غوره و رسیده و کشمش انگور بیدانه سفید کمتر از سطوح سمی برای تغذیه در نشخوارکنندگان بود و الگو و قابلیت دسترسی مواد مغذی این محصولات، آنها را به عنوان ماده خوراکی مناسب در جیره نشخوارکنندگان ممکن میسازد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Effect of Grape By-Products Inclusion on Ruminal Fermentation, Blood Metabolites, and Milk Fatty Acid Composition in Lactating Saanen Goats
M. Badiee Baghsiyah M. Bashtani S.H. Farhangfar H. Sarir -
Open Access Article
175 - Therapeutic effect of honey, garlic, walnut leaves on mouse model of cutaneous leishmania Balb/C
hosein vosughiLeishmaniasis is a protozoan parasite infection that reported in most places, and prevalence in different parts of the world. It is the third important disease in the world, which transmitted though biological vectors. 12 to 15 million people in many countries in the wo MoreLeishmaniasis is a protozoan parasite infection that reported in most places, and prevalence in different parts of the world. It is the third important disease in the world, which transmitted though biological vectors. 12 to 15 million people in many countries in the world are infected to leishmaniasis, and about occurs 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis in the world. According to the extracts of garlic and walnut leaves and honey are great therapeutic importance. To certainty, studied the products of the plants and honey in mouse model Balb/C. The result of this study showed extract of garlic therapeutic haven’t effect on leishmania amastigotes. But walnut leaves had effective therapeutic effects, also showed honey has the effect of different concentrations, on effective treatment for infection. But shows effect proportion extract of walnut leaves and the difference is statistically significant. To attention to the result of this study and effectiveness of walnut leaves, it is hoped that to be able to use them in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis effective steps can be taken. Manuscript profile -
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176 - Effective Strategies in Marketing Development of Agricultural Products
Solieman Rasouliazar Milad Perani Loghman Rashiedpour -
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177 - Factors Affecting Tendency towards Organic Production (Case Study: Greenhouse Producers of Tabriz Township, Iran)
Leila Bahrami Nokandeh Javad Mahmoodi Karamjavan -
Open Access Article
178 - Value Addition Initiatives of Women in Processing Dairy Products in Kwara State, Nigeria
Sola Komolafe Mariam Ibrahim Gbolagade Adesiji Adeseye Awoyemi -
Open Access Article
179 - Evaluating and Presenting a Model of Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in Khuzestan Using Theme Method
Seyed Ali Jalali Majid NiliAhmadabadi Belqis Bavarsad Saber Mullah Alizadeh Zavardehi -
Open Access Article
180 - Resource-Use Efficiency of Pepper Farmers in Ado-Local Government Area of Ekiti State
Julius Ilesanmi Kayode Akeredolu Adeyose Akinbola Peter Oladoyin Justin Ijigbade -
Open Access Article
181 - Factors affecting the Market Development of Aquatics and Products Processed from them (Case Study: Sarpolzahab Township)
Mohammd Bagher Arayesh -
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182 - استراتژیهای بازاریابی محصولات ارگانیک در ایران
محمود محمدیان محمدعلی داداشی -
Open Access Article
183 - موانع صادرات عسل در ایران با استفاده از روش دیمتل
مهدی همایون فر سید محمد زرگر منصور صوفی سیده فرشته موسویرشد سریع اقتصاد دنیا، کسب­وکارهای دارای ریسک­های پایین کسب­وکار، تعهد اندک به منابع و انعطاف­پذیری بالا را برای مشارکت در بازارهای بین­المللی تحریک کرده است. هر چند شواهد و قرائن نشان می­دهد در مراحل مختلف بین­المللی­ شدن موانع متفاوتی بر Moreرشد سریع اقتصاد دنیا، کسب­وکارهای دارای ریسک­های پایین کسب­وکار، تعهد اندک به منابع و انعطاف­پذیری بالا را برای مشارکت در بازارهای بین­المللی تحریک کرده است. هر چند شواهد و قرائن نشان می­دهد در مراحل مختلف بین­المللی­ شدن موانع متفاوتی برای صادرات وجود دارد. بنابراین مطالعه تجربی حاضر به منظور شناخت موانع صادرات محصولات کشاورزی به طور ویژه عسل در ایران انجام شد. بر اساس مرور ادبیات اکتشافی موانع متعددی برای شناسایی محصولات کشاورزی شناسایی شد. این موانع در قالب پرسشنامه برای یک نمونه 20 نفری از خبرگان صادرات عسل در اردبیل ارسال شد. پس از گردآوری پرسشنامه­ها و تجزیه ­و­ تحلیل پاسخ­ها، 21 عامل به عنوان موانع اصلی صادرات عسل شناسایی شد. با استفاده از یک تکنیک مبتنی بر تئوری گراف (دیمتل) و دارای ساختار بازخوردی، اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم این موانع بر یکدیگر در قالب یک سیستم جامع مشخص شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد که تنظیم فعالیت­های ارتقاء صادرات، کمبود مشوق­ها و کمک­های دولتی، کمبود سرمایه برای صادرات، موانع تعرفه­ای و غیر تعرفه­ای، عادات / نگرش­های مختلف مشتریان خارجی مهم­ترین موانع صادرات محسوب می­شوند. Manuscript profile -
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184 - امکان پذیری توسعه صنایع تبدیلی بخش کشاورزی در استان ایلام، ایران
مرجان واحدی همایون مرادنژادی این پژوهش با هدف بررسی امکانپذیری ایجاد صنایع تبدیلی بخش کشاورزی در استان ایلام به انجام رسیده است. در پژوهش حاضر با توجه به ماهیت موضوع از روشهای ترکیبی پژوهش کمی-کیفی و از میان این روشها، از الگوی تلفیقی غالب – کمتر غالب و در قالب طرح More این پژوهش با هدف بررسی امکانپذیری ایجاد صنایع تبدیلی بخش کشاورزی در استان ایلام به انجام رسیده است. در پژوهش حاضر با توجه به ماهیت موضوع از روشهای ترکیبی پژوهش کمی-کیفی و از میان این روشها، از الگوی تلفیقی غالب – کمتر غالب و در قالب طرح دو مرحلهای استفاده شد. در بین روشهای پژوهش کیفی از روش دلفای و از میان روشهای پژوهش کمی، از روش توصیفی – پیمایشی استفاده شد. در مرحله اول که روششناسی پژوهش، کیفی بوده، نظرات اعضای پانل دلفای شامل صاحبنظران، مدیران و دیگر کنشگران مرتبط با مسائل اقتصادی و کشاورزی دریافت و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج این مرحله 65 نوع از انواع صنایع تبدیلی کشاورزی مناسب برای استان شناسایی شد که از این نتایج جهت طراحی پرسشنامه در مرحله کمی تحقیق استفاده گردید. جامعه آماری بخش کمی نیز شامل کلیه کارشناسان کشاورزی شاغل در سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان ایلام به تعداد 85 نفر بوده که با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری طبقهای با انتساب متناسب و بر مبنای جدول مورگان تعداد 70 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب و با ابزار پرسشنامه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. در بخش کمی پژوهش، پاسخگویان بر اساس نسبت واریانس ده اولویت اول صنایع تبدیلی را برای هر یک از شهرستان-های استان ایلام مشخص کردند.نتایج آزمون رتبه های دبلیو کندال نشان از وجود توافق میان پاسخگویان در مورد اولویت بندی صنایع تبدیلی در این استان بود. Manuscript profile -
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185 - بررسی عوامل موثر بر بازاریابی محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک(مطالعه موردی: شهرستان میاندوآب)
Zohreh Jesarati Loghman Rshidpour Soleiman Rasouli Azarدر موقعیت کنونی کشاورزی ارگانیک به سرعت در حال رشد و گسترش می­باشد در حالیکه فقدان دانش و مهارت برای مدیریت یک مزرعه ارگانیک و فقدان فرصت­های بازاری برای محصولات ارگانیک مهم­ترین دلیل برای عدم کاربرد فعالیت­های کشاورزی ارگانیک بوده است. بنابراین هدف کلی Moreدر موقعیت کنونی کشاورزی ارگانیک به سرعت در حال رشد و گسترش می­باشد در حالیکه فقدان دانش و مهارت برای مدیریت یک مزرعه ارگانیک و فقدان فرصت­های بازاری برای محصولات ارگانیک مهم­ترین دلیل برای عدم کاربرد فعالیت­های کشاورزی ارگانیک بوده است. بنابراین هدف کلی این تحقیق تبیین عوامل موثر بر بازاریابی محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک بود. این تحقیق از نوع تحقیقات پیمایشی- توصیفی و از نظر هدف کاربردی بود. ابزار پژوهش، پرسشنامهای محقق ساخته بود که به منظور تعیین روایی ابزار سنجش، با استفاده از روش اعتبار محتوایی و پایایی آن از آزمون آلفای کرنباخ استفاده شد که مقدار این ضریب 89 درصد بدست آمد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل کلیه کشاورزانی بود که محصولات ارگانیک تولیدی خود را به میدان تره بار میاندوآب عرضه کرده اند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول مورگان- کرجیسی 148 نمونه تعیین شد و با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری طبقه­ای و تصادفی ساده انتخاب و در نهایت 150 پرسشنامه تکمیل و جمع­آوری شد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که ارتباط معنی­داری بین بازاریابی محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک با عوامل آموزشی، عوامل اقتصادی، عوامل اطلاعاتی، عوامل تولیدی و عوامل اجتماعی در سطح 05/0 وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیونی نشان داد که متغیرهای عوامل تولید، عوامل آموزشی و عوامل اقتصادی 53 درصد از تغییرات متغیر وابسته را تعیین کردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه: مطالعه ای در شمال ایران
احمد عابدی سروستانی آمنه آورندایمنی غذایی از مزرعه شروع می شود و کشاورزان نقش حیاتی در تولید غذای سالم و بهداشتی دارند. برای بررسی کامل وضعیت ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه، عوامل گوناگونی مانند کیفیت آب، بهداشت کارگران، تسهیلات بهداشتی، بسته بندی و ذخیره سازی، حمل و نقل، کود و مواد آلی خشک و بهداشت عرصه مورد Moreایمنی غذایی از مزرعه شروع می شود و کشاورزان نقش حیاتی در تولید غذای سالم و بهداشتی دارند. برای بررسی کامل وضعیت ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه، عوامل گوناگونی مانند کیفیت آب، بهداشت کارگران، تسهیلات بهداشتی، بسته بندی و ذخیره سازی، حمل و نقل، کود و مواد آلی خشک و بهداشت عرصه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور 380 کشاورز از 77 روستا در شهرستان گنبد کاووس در شمال ایران با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات با پرسشنامه جمع اوری و با نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه بیشتر از حد متوسط می باشد که می تواند در سطح خوب ارزیابی شود. بهترین عملیات کشاورزان مربوط به بهداشت عرصه و ضعیف ترین آن مربوط به بهداشت کارگران بود. کشاورزان باسواد از عملیات ایمنی غذایی بهتری نسبت به کشاورزان بیسواد برخوردار بودند. عملیات ایمنی غذایی با سطح تحصیلات کشاورزان و همچنین میزان درآمد آنان از سایر مشاغل، دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار بود. اما همبستگی عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزعه با متغیرهای سن، سابقه کار و درامد کشاورزان از دامداری، دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی دار بود. پیشنهاد می شود برنامه های آموزشی و تسهیلات لازم برای قادر ساختن کشاورزان به منظور رعایت عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه فراهم گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - طراحی مدل شایستگیهای حرفهای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران
محمد معتمدی کوروش روستا اسدالله زمانی پور ملیحه فلکیپژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل شایستگی­های حرفه­ای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران انجام شده است. روش تحقیق از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده­ها توصیفی – همبستگی است و به روش پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق Moreپژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل شایستگی­های حرفه­ای مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای خراسان جنوبی در ایران انجام شده است. روش تحقیق از لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر گردآوری داده­ها توصیفی – همبستگی است و به روش پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 117 نفر از مدیران واحدهای تولید محصولات گلخانه­ای بوده که بدلیل محدود بودن جامعه بصورت سرشماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها در این پژوهش، پرسشنامه بود و برای تحلیل داده­ها از نرم­افزار SPSS و Smart PLS استفاده شده است. برای همه شایستگی­ها آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی بیشتر از 7/0 بدست آمد. تحلیل معادلات ساختاری با حداقل مربعات جزئی pls دلالت بر تایید همه فرضیه­ها دارد. در نهایت مدل شایستگی­های حرفه ­ی با هفت شایستگی شامل شایستگی مدیریت، فردی، محیط کسب و کار، اعتقادی- اخلاقی، فنی و تخصصی، آکادمیک و عمومی شناسایی شده است که از دید مدیران بیشترین اهمیت مربوط به شایستگی­های مدیریتی و فردی بوده است. از این رو پیشنهاد می­شود مدیران برای تصمیم­گیری صحیح در برخورد با مسائل جدید و متغیر، می­بایست دائماً مهارت­ها و معلومات خود را در زمینه مدیریت اصلاح و بهروزرسانی کنند تا بتوانند به اهداف غایی تولید دست یابند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - بررسی زنجیره تأمین محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک در ایران
سروش قاضی نوری لعیا الفت حهانیار بامداد صوفی ؤضوان احدی پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی زنجیره تأمین محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک و ارائه چارچوب بلوغ فرآیندهای این زنجیره بر اساس استاندارد محصولات ارگانیک ایران انجام شده است. مدل پیشنهادی این تحقیق، ابزاری برای بهبود است که با توجه به تعریف سطح ب More پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی زنجیره تأمین محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک و ارائه چارچوب بلوغ فرآیندهای این زنجیره بر اساس استاندارد محصولات ارگانیک ایران انجام شده است. مدل پیشنهادی این تحقیق، ابزاری برای بهبود است که با توجه به تعریف سطح بلوغ، در سطوح پایین به ادغام فرآیندهای داخلی شرکت و در سطوح بالاتر بلوغ، ادغام فرایندها با شرکای خارجی میپردازد. این مدل بر اساس مؤلفههای اصلی مدلهای بلوغ یعنی سطوح بلوغ با ساختار پنج سطحی و پرسشنامه مربوطه (تاییدشده با شاخص CVI) طراحی شده و وضعیت موجود زنجیره تامین محصولات کشاورزی ارگانیک با آن مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و نقاط قوت و ضعف این زنجیره مشخص شده است. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از اجرای مدل بلوغ پیشنهادی در دو مورد مطالعه، مشخص شد که دو فرآیند مدیریت خدمت به مشتری و مدیریت ارتباط با مشتری بیشترین توجه و بهبود را نیاز دارد، که منطبق با یافته های نظری است. در شرکت الف، فقدان ارتباطات مستقیم یا بستر ارتباطات آنلاین برای ارتباط با مشتریان از جمله نقاط ضعف و کیفیت خوب محصولات از جمله نقاط قوت، و در شرکت ب، فقدان رویه جمعآوری و مستندسازی اطلاعات از جمله نقاط ضعف و روابط نزدیک با شرکای کلیدی از جمله نقاط قوت شناسایی شده بر اساس ارزیابی با مدل بلوغ پیشنهادی هستند. در نهایت، راهکارهای بهبود با استفاده از روشANP برای هر یک از این فرایندها ارائه شده که میتواند به عنوان یک برنامه عملی توسط مدیران و دستاندرکاران این حوزه مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - ارائه مدل رفتاری خریداران واقعی محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان
رویا شریفی بهرام خیری یلدا رحمتی غفرانیهدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر رفتار واقعی خریداران محصولات ارگانیک می­باشد. ابزار پژوهش، نیز پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل مصرف­کنندگان محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان میباشد که با توجه به نامحدود بودن نمونه­گیری انجام شد و تعداد Moreهدف از این پژوهش بررسی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر رفتار واقعی خریداران محصولات ارگانیک می­باشد. ابزار پژوهش، نیز پرسشنامه بوده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل مصرف­کنندگان محصولات ارگانیک در استان گیلان میباشد که با توجه به نامحدود بودن نمونه­گیری انجام شد و تعداد نمونه 384 به دست آمد. از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی در دسترس برای توزیع پرسشنامه ها استفاده شد. ارزیابی مدل و آزمون فرضیهها از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم افزار اسمارت پی ال اس انجام گردید. نتایج حاصل از آزمون فرضیهها نشان داد که قیمت درک شده، آگاهی سلامتی، در دسترس بودن، دانش ارگانیک و هنجار ذهنی بر نگرش مصرف­کننده تاثیرگذار بوده است. هم چنین نگرش مصرف کننده بر قصد خرید و قصد خرید بر رفتار واقعی خرید تاثیرگذار هستند. همچنین مشخص گردید که چنانچه اطلاع­رسانی درخصوص محصولات ارگانیگ و همچنین معرفی مزیت­های آنها و اهمیت محیط­زیستی این محصولات بیشتر گردد، مصرف­کنندگان تمایل بیشتری برای قصد خرید خواهند داشت. علاوه بر این نتایج نشان داد که، تهیه بروشور معرفی محصولات ارگانیک و در اختیار قراردادن نتایج بررسی­های انجام شده روی محصولات ارگانیک به خریداران و تشکیل گروه­ها و انجمن­های دوستدار محیط­زیست می­تواند نگرش خریداران را متحول سازد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - مدل مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتها در حوزه بازاریابی سبز با تاکید بر وابستگی به برند از دیدگاه مصرفکنندگان محصولات ارگانیک
روزا طاعتی عبدالحمید ابراهیمی حمیدرضا سعیدنیا زهرا علیپور درویشی محمد طالقانیمحصولات ارگانیک در توسعه پایبندی نظام بازرگانی به مسائل زیست­محیطی، عاملی مطرح جهت تعهد به مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتها در حوزه بازاریابی سبز میباشد. مطالعه با هدف ارائه و آزمون مدل مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتها در حوزه بازاریابی سبز از دیدگاه مصرفکنندگان محصولات ارگانیک با Moreمحصولات ارگانیک در توسعه پایبندی نظام بازرگانی به مسائل زیست­محیطی، عاملی مطرح جهت تعهد به مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتها در حوزه بازاریابی سبز میباشد. مطالعه با هدف ارائه و آزمون مدل مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتها در حوزه بازاریابی سبز از دیدگاه مصرفکنندگان محصولات ارگانیک با تأکید بر وابستگی به برند صورت پذیرفت. مطالعه کاربردی و از نوع آمیخته و اکتشافی بوده است. جامعه آماری بخش کمی کلیه مشتریان محصولات ارگانیک در شهر تهران بودهاند که با توجه به جدول کرجسی-مورگان 385 نفر مورد نظرسنجی قرار گرفتند. تحلیل دادههای بخش کمی نیز از طریق مدل معادلات ساختاری و نرمافزار PLS صورت پذیرفت. طبق یافتههای بدست آمده در کدگذاری دادههای کیفی پژوهش در مجموع 335 مفهوم استخراج شده که در 83 مقوله دستهبندی شدند. با توجه به دستهبندی مقولهها (26 مقوله اصلی) در ابعاد مدل طبق رویکرد دادهبنیان، مدل پژوهش ارائه گردید. همچنین تحلیلهای کمی نشان داد که شرایط علی بر پدیده اصلی یعنی مسئولیت اجتماعی در حوزه بازاریابی سبز محصولات ارگانیک تاثیرگذار است. مسئولیت اجتماعی در حوزه بازاریابی سبز، شرایط زمینهای و شرایط مداخلهگر بر روی راهبردها تاثیرگذار هستند. علاوه بر این راهبردها نیز بر پیامدهای مدل تاثیرگذارند. مسئولیت اجتماعی در حوزه بازاریابی سبز به پذیرش و سلامت جامعه بستگی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - ارزیابی مدلهای صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شمال زنجان
رضا نوروزی نبی اله محمدی ابوالفضل مقدمهدف از این پژوهش ارائه مدل راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان طارم و ارائه مدل مفهومی برای توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی و است.برای گردآوری داده ها از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شد و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به روش اشتراوس و کوربین انجام گرفت.نمونه گیری ب Moreهدف از این پژوهش ارائه مدل راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان طارم و ارائه مدل مفهومی برای توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی و است.برای گردآوری داده ها از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته استفاده شد و تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات به روش اشتراوس و کوربین انجام گرفت.نمونه گیری به روش نمونه گیری نظری بود و با بهره مندی از روش های هدفمند و گلوله برفی انجام شد که بر مبنای آن، مصاحبه با خبرگان مطرح در زمینه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل دادههای به دست آمده از مصاحبهها، طی فرایندهای کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، منتج به راهبردی توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی بر مبنای نظریهپردازی داده-بنیاد شد. با استناد به رهیافت سیستماتیک در نظریه داده-بنیاد کدهای شناسایی شده در شش طبقه هستهای شامل عوامل علل، عوامل زمینهای، عوامل مداخله گر،راهبردها و پیامدها قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد عوامل علی شامل عوامل مؤثر بر تولید، عوامل نهادی (دولتی، قانونی و حقوقی)، بازاریابی و فروش، عوامل اقتصادی، مالی و بانکی و عوامل رقابتی؛ عوامل زمینهای شامل عوامل مؤثر زیرساختی و لجستیکی، عوامل مؤثر علمی، فناورانه و دانشی (نوآوری)؛ عوامل مداخلهگر (عوامل فرهنگی، عوامل سیاسی و بین المللی)، راهبردها (کوتاه مدت، میان مدت و بلند مدت) و پیامدها شامل پیامد های مالی وغیر مالی در دو سطح کلان و خرد؛ بر توسعه صادرات محصولات کشاورزی تاثیر گذارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Review and Prioritization of Various Advertisement Methods by Meat Products Matrix Analytic Hierarchy Method (AHP): A Case Study of Sausages Products
Sara Esfandi Ahmad FatahiAdvertising is not only as a tool to increase company sales. Fast development of mass communication tools and added new mediums to advertising media have been introduced the advertising as a key element in the success or failure of a company. Due to the intense competit MoreAdvertising is not only as a tool to increase company sales. Fast development of mass communication tools and added new mediums to advertising media have been introduced the advertising as a key element in the success or failure of a company. Due to the intense competition between companies and the fast growth of markets and changes in consumer behavior, advertising is taken into consideration as a major tool to create consumer awareness of products and services. Thus, in order to choose the best advertising method for meat products (sausages and salami), comments of 500 Shiraz citizens are collected by Cochran sampling and used in data analysis by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). After gathering the data, by synthesis the comments of respondents through arithmetic mean, the pairwise comparison matrix of criteria and priorities was formed to estimate the relative weights of them to achieve the goals of "the best method of advertising". The results indicated with respect to citizen viewpoints, the media advertisement, the street billboards, the advertising brochures, the advertising kiosks, and the purchase awards have the highest degree of importance with weight 0.430, 0.238, 0.139, 0.098 and 0.096, respectively. Due to the competition of different meat products factories, to make interest and encourage for purchasing a goods toward the competitor goods, it is necessary to use the persuasive advertisement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - Using Probabilistic-Risky Programming Models in Identifying Optimized Pattern of Cultivation under Risk Conditions (Case Study: Shoshtar Region)
Mohammad Kavoosi Kelashemi Mohammad Aghapour Sabbagi Hamid Reza AlipourUsing Telser and Kataoka models of probabilistic-risky mathematical programming, the present research is to determine the optimized pattern of cultivating the agricultural products of Shoshtar region under risky conditions. In order to consider the risk in the mentioned MoreUsing Telser and Kataoka models of probabilistic-risky mathematical programming, the present research is to determine the optimized pattern of cultivating the agricultural products of Shoshtar region under risky conditions. In order to consider the risk in the mentioned models, time period of agricultural years 1996-1997 till 2004-2005 was taken into account. Results from Telser and Kataoka models showed that due to accepting the risk amounts, most of the optimized amounts suggest the tomato cultivation during the cultivation period of fall, and watermelon cultivation during the cultivation period of spring. On the basis of results, due to allocation of agricultural lands of Shoshtar to tomato and watermelon cultivation and specializing the farming activity in this province, gross profit of agricultural production system can be increased to 6116047000 and 727782272 thousand Rials, respectively. The results of understudy models were investigated under different income scenarios and probabilistic levels of risk acceptance. Correct policy making in order to offer the suitable equipments for adjusting the effects of lack of certainty and risks due to the climatic unwanted conditions in production process of agricultural products of Shoshtar region improve the life situation of farmers of the mentioned region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
194 - Analyze of Predictive Model of Innovation Management in Processing and Complementary Industries of Livestock Products
Ahmad Reza OmmaniThe purpose of this study was designing predictive model for innovation management in processing and complementary industries of livestock products. The method of research was correlative descriptive. The population of this research was managers in processing and comple MoreThe purpose of this study was designing predictive model for innovation management in processing and complementary industries of livestock products. The method of research was correlative descriptive. The population of this research was managers in processing and complementary industries of livestock products of Khouzestan Province (N=486). By stratified random sampling, a random sample (n=125) was selected for participation in the study. A questionnaire was developed to gather data regarding Innovation Management in processing and complementary industries of livestock products. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). According to the results, the innovation management level in processing and complementary industries of Khuzestan province is not desirable. Therefore, practitioners should be required to provide increasing levels of innovation management. Results showed that variables such as income, competitiveness, accountability, risk taking, tend to be creative, level of education and attitude to innovation management played a critical role in improving innovation management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - بررسی رابطه بین "دیدگاه اعضای نظام اطلاعات کشاورزی نسبت به کشاورزی ارگانیک" و "نگرش زیست محیطی آنها"
Mehdi Nooripoor Sanaz Arpanahi Zeinab Sharifiهدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه بین نگرش زیست محیطی اعضای نظام اطلاعات کشاورزی و دیدگاه آنان نسبت به محصولات ارگانیک در بخش مرکزی شهرستان بویر احمد بود. جامعه آماری مطالعه شامل محققان، مروجان و کشاورزان منطقه مورد مطالعه بود که اندازه نمونه با استفاده از جدول نمونه­گیری Moreهدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطه بین نگرش زیست محیطی اعضای نظام اطلاعات کشاورزی و دیدگاه آنان نسبت به محصولات ارگانیک در بخش مرکزی شهرستان بویر احمد بود. جامعه آماری مطالعه شامل محققان، مروجان و کشاورزان منطقه مورد مطالعه بود که اندازه نمونه با استفاده از جدول نمونه­گیری کرجیسی و مورگان به ترتیب حدود 62 و 55 و 60 نفر تعیین شد. ابزار اصلی جمع­آوری داده­ها در بخش دیدگاه پاسخگویان نسبت به محصولات ارگانیک، پرسشنامه از قبل طراحی شده بود که روایی محتوایی آن توسط متخصصان توسعه روستایی تایید و پایایی ابزار سنجش نیز با استفاده از ضزیب آلفای کرونباخ (76/0-94/0) مورد تایید قرار گرفت. همچنین نگرش زیست محیطی پاسخگویان با استفاده از آزمون پارادایم نوین محیطی(NEP) دانلپ و همکاران سنجیده شد. نتایج نشان داد که محققان، مروجان و کشاورزان از نگرش زیست محیطی متوسطی برخوردار بودند. علاوه بر آن، محققان و مروجان نسبت به محصولات ارگانیک دیدگاه بالاتر از متوسط داشتند. در حالی که کشاورزان دیدگاه نسبتاً مطلوبی داشتند. فزون بر این، رابطه بین دیدگاه اعضای نظام اطلاعات کشاورزی نسبت به محصولات ارگانیک و نگرش زیست محیطی آن­ها مثبت و معنی­دار بود که نشان داد هر چه نگرش زیست محیطی مطلوب تری داشته یاشند، تمایل بیشتری به محصولات ارگانیک دارند. در نتیجه، می توان گفت بهبود نگرش زیست محیطی به منظور تولید محصولات سالم و حفظ محیط زیست باید در اولویت قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - Development of Entrepreneurship in Complementary and Processing Industries in Khouzestan Province, Iran
Ahmad Reza OmmaniThe main purpose of this study was to identify and analyze factors affecting development of entrepreneurship in complementary and processing industries of citrus products at Khouzestan province, Iran. The Statistical population of this study consisted of all managers in MoreThe main purpose of this study was to identify and analyze factors affecting development of entrepreneurship in complementary and processing industries of citrus products at Khouzestan province, Iran. The Statistical population of this study consisted of all managers in processing and complementary industries of citrus products in Khouzestan province (N=89). By census method all managers were selected for participation in the study. Return rate was 84% (N=75). The main instrument in this study was questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was established by calculating Cronbach Alpha Coefficient (a=0.87). Findings reveal that there were positive and significant relationship between willingness to creativity, risk oriented, responsibility, competitiveness, participation on education programs, attitude to entrepreneurship, income level, educational level and level of entrepreneurship. According to factor analysis, factors affecting development of entrepreneurship in complementary and processing industries were categorized into four groups consisting: development of cognitive and psychomotor domains, development of infrastructure equipments, improving economic policies and development of psychological characteristics that those factors explained 68.82% of the total variance of the research variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Investigating Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Organic Green Chicken in Iran (Case Study: Rasht City)
Mohammad Kavoosi Kalashami Morteza Heydari Houman KazeraniHealth and safety are important factors in today’s life. Most of studies show that consuming the chicken that has anti biotic caused different diseases like digestive vessel cancer. Attention to controlled use of antibiotics can play a key role in society health w MoreHealth and safety are important factors in today’s life. Most of studies show that consuming the chicken that has anti biotic caused different diseases like digestive vessel cancer. Attention to controlled use of antibiotics can play a key role in society health which considered in the production of green chicken. Planning for increasing the production of mentioned chicken needs the investigation of consumers’ WTP. So, using double bound contingent valuation method and logit model, present study estimates consumers’ WTP for green chicken in Rasht city. Among the explanatory variables applied in logit model, income and education level had positive and significant effects on WTP for green chicken. Results revealed that average WTP for a kg of green chicken equals to 37279 Rials, and because this WTP does not compensate the production costs, government protection such as Green subsidy should be considered in order to expand green products consumption in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - How should Rural Women's Enterprises Be Developed and Promoted?
Reza Movahedi Masoud Samian Khalil Mirzai Adel Esmaili SaloomahallehThis study was a qualitative research which was done by a case study approach. The samples were chosen from rural development experts of Hamedan Province during a snowball sampling process. The data were collected by the semistructured interviews. The data collection wa MoreThis study was a qualitative research which was done by a case study approach. The samples were chosen from rural development experts of Hamedan Province during a snowball sampling process. The data were collected by the semistructured interviews. The data collection was done by faceto- face interviews, after the interview questions guide was determined. The theoretical saturation was attained by interviewing 25 respondents and at this point the interview process was laid off. The qualitative analysis of interviews was done by a content analysis method. The results showed that in order to develop and promote the rural women enterprises not only financial, domestic, managerial, educational and cultural supports are needed but some approaches like culturalization and educational programs are vital too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Identifying the components of the glass roof and presenting its evaluation model based on the mixed exploratory approach
Arezoo Shafi Hosein Fahimi Tabar Mojtaba Ahmadi Seyed Hosein Danesh Mohammad Heidari GoujaniThe purpose of this study was to identify the causal conditions of glass roofs, intervening conditions and contexts affecting the creation and application of glass roofs, strategies for applying and the consequences of the glass roof phenomenon of the National Iranian P MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the causal conditions of glass roofs, intervening conditions and contexts affecting the creation and application of glass roofs, strategies for applying and the consequences of the glass roof phenomenon of the National Iranian Petroleum Products Distribution Company in a paradigm model and then presenting its conceptual model. Structural, external, descriptive and interpretive validity were used to evaluate the validity of qualitative data and Flint (2002) approach was used to evaluate the reliability. The results of qualitative research were classified into 5 groups: causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences. After compiling the model, the quantitative part of the research was reviewed and content validity and structure validity were used to evaluate the validity. Findings showed that hegemony of patriarchal values with impact factor (0.263), male organizational policies with impact factor (0.186), management and patriarchal organizations with impact factor (0.181), acceptance and submission with impact factor ( 0.80), the pressure of expectations due to the role with the impact factor (0.171), respectively, has the greatest impact on causal factors and family with the impact factor (0.841) has the greatest impact on underlying factors and the moderating role of personality Entering organizational lobbying with an impact factor of 0.921 is the most influential factor the interventionist conditions. In addition, justification with an impact factor (0.917) was the most effective strategy in applying the glass phenomenon and the most important consequence of the glass ceiling was organizational consequences with an impact factor (0.946). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Intelligent management of the Agri- Supply Chain based on the empowering factors of the activists in this field and its consequences
Sahar Asdzadeh Manjili Firoozeh Hajialiakbari Nabiollah MohamadiThe spread of the Covid-19 pandemic and the disruption of the global supply chain, the increase in the global prices of inputs and basic goods, the war between Russia and Ukraine, the continuation of international sanctions and climate crises caused by water tensions an MoreThe spread of the Covid-19 pandemic and the disruption of the global supply chain, the increase in the global prices of inputs and basic goods, the war between Russia and Ukraine, the continuation of international sanctions and climate crises caused by water tensions and drought have arisen concerns regarding the supply of food and agricultural products in Iran and all over the world. In this situation, the lack of intelligent management of all stages of the product supply chain can have adverse consequences. In this regard, the purpose of this applied research was to identify the enabling factors of the activists throughout the supply chain of agricultural products and its consequences. So, in addition to library studies, an in-depth interview was conducted with 33 experts from the public and private sectors who were selected by theoretical and non-probability sampling method. In order to analyze the data, the qualitative method of database and coding was used. Based on the findings of the research, 495 open codes, 19 axial codes and 3 selective codes include the empowering factors of the activists of the input supply and agricultural products sector, the empowering factors of the activists of the processing and industry sector; empowering factors of logistics, distribution and supply, marketing and sale sector activists, as well as 31 different codes, 15 axial codes and 2 selective codes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Designing a comprehensive human capital management model with an entrepreneurial approach (Study case: National Oil Products Distribution Company)
shadmehr zohdi Hassan Amiri Koroush Parsa MoeinThe research aims to design the data model of the human capital management foundation with an entrepreneurial approach. It is a mixed, exploratory and applied research. The community of the qualitative sector, academic experts and experts in the oil products distributio MoreThe research aims to design the data model of the human capital management foundation with an entrepreneurial approach. It is a mixed, exploratory and applied research. The community of the qualitative sector, academic experts and experts in the oil products distribution industry, was a sample of 20 experts with a definite snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews. The population of the quantitative part was 335 employees of the oil products distribution company of Qazvin province, by sampling the limited population of cochran in an accessible manner and implemented with the tool of a researcher-made questionnaire of human capital management with an entrepreneurial approach. The validity and reliability of the instrument was favorable. Open coding was used to analyze the texts in order to develop the indicators of human capital management with an entrepreneurial approach in the qualitative section. Quantitative statistical analysis methods were exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Structural equation modeling includes two factors and individual and organizational consequences. The findings indicate that organizational factors are more effective than individual factors in the entrepreneurial approach. Also, the results showed that among the components of organizational factors, organizational justice, training, competitive advantage are in order, and among the consequences of the entrepreneurial approach, organizational productivity, innovation achieve the most results in the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Strategy on Life Insurance Demand (Case Study: Bushehr Insurance Companies)
Esmaeil Kamalirad Seyedeh Rahil HashemiStrategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for MoreStrategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for neglecting its core essence, strategic thinking. On the other hand, the inherent disorder of strategic thinking causes confusion among strategic managers and doubts about the reproducibility of organizational strategic decisions. In this research, the intention is to investigate the effect of strategic thinking on innovation and the successful introduction of new products by Alborz Insurance Company. Standard questionnaires were used to measure research variables. The questionnaire was distributed among 126 sample people from the statistical population who are the managers and sales representatives of Alborz Insurance Company in Bushehr province. The research method was descriptive-correlational. To answer the questions and test the research hypotheses with Smart-PLS software, the method of studying structural equations and path analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results showed that strategic thinking and its dimensions (systemic perspective, focus on intention, smart opportunism, time thinking, and hypothesis-based thinking) have a significant impact on innovation and the successful introduction of products and services of Alborz Insurance Company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - A Survey of Loyalty Strategies and Word of Mouth Communication to Customers of Sports Products (Case Study of Adidas Brand Customers in Iraq)
Farah Nouri Razi Al-Awadi Omid Behboodi Ahmad Sharbaf EidghahiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the loyalty strategies and Word of Mouth Communication of sports product customers (Adidas) in Iraq. The research method was applied with a descriptive purpose and descriptive-correlational manner. The statistical population MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the loyalty strategies and Word of Mouth Communication of sports product customers (Adidas) in Iraq. The research method was applied with a descriptive purpose and descriptive-correlational manner. The statistical population of the study was the customers of Adidas brand sports products in Iraq, which was unknown to the researcher. The sample size was 384 based on Cochran's formula for unknown communities. The sampling method was available non-randomly. The research tool was the standard questionnaire of Alguacil et al. (2021). To evaluate the instrument's validity, content validity (approval of professors and experts) and structure (factor loads) were used. Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability were used for instrument reliability, and finally, the validity and reliability of the instrument were confirmed. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using smart pls software. The results showed that loyalty strategies (credibility, trust, attitude, and homogeneity) affect the loyalty and Word of Mouth communication of Adidas brand sports products in Iraqi customers. The effect of loyalty on customers' Word of Mouth communication was even confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Optimizing a sustainable inventory-routing problem in tomato agri-chain considering postharvest biological behavior
Shima Shirzadi Vahidreza Ghezavati Reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam Sadoullah Ebrahimnejad -
Open Access Article
205 - Economic Order Quantity Model for Agricultural Products with Harvest Period
Yusuf Mauluddin Hilmi Aulawi Andri Ikhwana Dani Cahyadi Dewi Rahmawati -
Open Access Article
206 - Reused raw materials of returned products in closed-loop supply chain considering green technology and quality level
malihe ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
207 - Pricing in a two-echelon supply chain with different market powers: game theory approaches
Afshin Esmaeilzadeh Ata Allah Taleizadeh -
Open Access Article
208 - A reverse logistics chain mathematical model for a sustainable production system of perishable goods based on demand optimization
Saeed Tavakkoli Moghaddam Mehrdad Javadi Seyyed Mohammad Hadji Molana -
Open Access Article
209 - Money-back guarantee warranty policy with preventive maintenance strategy for sensor-embedded remanufactured products
Ammar Y. Alqahtani Surendra M. Gupta -
Open Access Article
210 - Studying the role of ICT in improving cultural management: A case of Tehran Municipality Art and Cultural Organization
nader bahari manochehr ansari babak sohrabiPurpose: This research is intended to examine and analyze the role of Information and communication Technology (ICT) in improving cultural management at Tehran Municipality Art and Cultural Organization. Methodology: This is an applied research according to its objecti MorePurpose: This research is intended to examine and analyze the role of Information and communication Technology (ICT) in improving cultural management at Tehran Municipality Art and Cultural Organization. Methodology: This is an applied research according to its objective, and has a survey-descriptive (non-experimental) research method regarding data gathering method (research plan). The tool considered for collecting information is questionnaire. The statistical community of this study is Cultural Managers which totally include 287 managers. Stratified Random Sampling method was used in selecting the sample and 73 of abovementioned individuals were chosen as the sample size. Findings: In general, findings of the research indicate that the use of ICT is effective on the improvement of managing cultural services, increase in efficiency of cultural managers in course of the client-centric principle, decrease in cost and increase in speed of providing cultural products and services. Conclusion: The use of ICT causes improved cultural management at Tehran Municipality Art and Cultural Organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - An investigation into factors hindering of Iranian women’s research productivity in ISI
Alireza Isfandyari-Moghaddam Mohammad HasanzadehObjective: This article aims to study factors into factors hindering of Iranian women’s research productivity in ISI. Methodology: To do this, at first, women who have already had published documents indexed in ISI were identified through Web of Science (WoS). The MoreObjective: This article aims to study factors into factors hindering of Iranian women’s research productivity in ISI. Methodology: To do this, at first, women who have already had published documents indexed in ISI were identified through Web of Science (WoS). Then, for collecting their view regarding factors hindering women’s research productivity, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. To analyze the collected data, the statistical software SPSS (version 17) was used. Both descriptive (Percentage and Frequency) and inferential (ANOVA) statistics were employed to reach valid findings. Findings: The most inhibitory factors affecting negatively publishing scholarly articles by Iranian women are ‘Shortcomings in the existing laws’, ‘Stereotypes and beliefs concerning women’, ‘Family work’Social and cultural contingencies’, ‘Child care’, and ‘Low collaboration with male colleagues. Conclusion: Regarding Patriarchal culture in the society and scientific society, and women's ruminating due to home management, these two factors has caused the women scientific production would be low.At the end, for empowerment of women and moderating inhibitory factors, some suggestions are offered Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - Investigation of the research output of faculty members of Tehran pharmacy colleges according to h-index factor
zohreh mirhoseini marjan jalili balehThe aim of the present research is the investigation of the research output of faculty members of Tehran pharmacy colleges according to h-index factor which is a new method of scientometrics. This research has been achieved with evaluation measurement research method an MoreThe aim of the present research is the investigation of the research output of faculty members of Tehran pharmacy colleges according to h-index factor which is a new method of scientometrics. This research has been achieved with evaluation measurement research method and the needed information collected by checklist. Hypothesis has been evaluated statistically by Pearson’s correlation test. Number of research society was 107 faculty members of 3 Tehran pharmacy colleges. In this study, h-index was calculated from the articles and citation of the research society indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. Research findings indicate that highest article's number belong to a member from Tehran University of Medical Sciences with 193 articles, in this university most distribution of articles was between 10 to 19 articles (%38.46), while the most article's number in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences was 57 and in Azad University was 26 articles. In these two universities the most distribution of articles was between 1 to 9 articles. In addition, the highest citation number in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Azad University were 6793, 442, 187, respectively. In all 3 universities the highest citation number was related to "Toxicology and Pharmacology" Department. The highest h-index between the assistant professors of Tehran University of Medical Sciences was 4 (%26.08), between associate professors was 2 (%27.27) and between professors of this university was 6 (%30). The highest h-index in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences between assistant professors was 2 (%33.33), between associate professors was 2 (%23.07) and for professors was 6 (%22.22). The highest h-index in Azad University was 2 (%45.45). Nevertheless, the highest h-index in research society was 20 related to a professor from Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Testing hypotheses of this research show that there is a significant relation between h-index and article numbers and also between h-index and citation numbers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - The comparative evaluation of the relationship between university and industry in Iran and Turkey, based on correlation analysis of their international patents and scientific articles
Behjat Taheri Abdolreza Noroozi ChakoliPurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of scientific papers and patent in Iran and Turkey according to Scopus and USA Patent Database. Methodology: This study has been done with scientometric methods and citation analysis. The study populatio MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of scientific papers and patent in Iran and Turkey according to Scopus and USA Patent Database. Methodology: This study has been done with scientometric methods and citation analysis. The study population was all of Iran and turkey patents and scientific articles in USA Patent and Scopus databases Findings: Findings showed that Iran had about 151159 articles and 143 patents in Scopus and USA Patent database. Turkey had 258719 articles and 584 patents in these databases. Also subject similarity between Iran and turkey was not appropriate. Conclusion: According to findings of this study, turkey had better situation than Iran in scientific productivity, therefore Iran must pay attention to release front researches and international collaborative that improve quantity and quality of science and technology situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Scientific articles of Iran and Islamic countries of Middle East indexed in Web of Science (WOS) during 2003-2007
abdalreza noroozi chakoli mohammad hasanzadehUsing library method and comparative analysis, this research deals with evaluating and comparing indexed scientific products of Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia based on WoS during the 5 years between 2003 and 2007. The most important objectives of this r MoreUsing library method and comparative analysis, this research deals with evaluating and comparing indexed scientific products of Iran, Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia based on WoS during the 5 years between 2003 and 2007. The most important objectives of this research include the comparison of articles of each country regarding ‘variety of language’, ‘variety of types of documents’, ‘subject areas’, ‘participant bodies’ and ‘number of articles and their growth rate’. Moreover, evaluation of ideality of performance of articles of these countries on the basis of the mingled indicator of “Average Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in comparison with the Indexed Scientific Products” is another issue discussed in this article. The results show that although Iran is placed between Turkey and Egypt regarding its number of articles in WoS, it is placed after these two countries considering its performance of indexed scientific products in WoS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Assessment of scientific presence of Middle East countries in web; A new Approach
Hamzeali Nourmohamadi Abdolsamad KeramatfarObjective: Presence of scientific sources in web can be used in scientific assessment. The main aim of the paper is to investigate the presence of Middle East countries in terms of the Rich files in web and examine correlation with the number of document of these MoreObjective: Presence of scientific sources in web can be used in scientific assessment. The main aim of the paper is to investigate the presence of Middle East countries in terms of the Rich files in web and examine correlation with the number of document of these countries in Scopus. Methodology: Since the mid-1990s, a new research area called webometrics based on bibliometric and informetrics methods has been created. Webometrics is the quantitative analysis of the web phenomenon employing methods of informetrics. This paper is in the field of Webometrics and has done with adaptive comparison method, in addition correlation test has done by SPSS19 on Middle east countries. Findings: The results of this article illustrate that Turkey has the highest number of Rich Files in CEE Countries followed by Israel and Iran. These countries appear in order, Israel, turkey, Iran in ranking based on the number of documents in Scopus. Finally, it was concluded that the correlation between ranking of Middle East countries based on Rich Files and ranking of Middle East countries based on scientific documents in Scopus is significant at the 0.01 level and the correlation coefficient is .921. Conclusion: It signifies that ranking based on Rich files for Middle East countries is valid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - The Effects of Entry of Real Shareholders and Exchange Rate Volatility on the Return on Assets in the Pharmaceutical Materials and Products of Tehran Stock Exchange (Dynamic Panel Data Approach)
Fereshteh Shams Safa marjan damankeshideh Majid AfsharRad Manijeh HadiNejad Alireza Daghighi AslAbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volati MoreAbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volatility and entry of real shareholders on the return on assets (ROA) in the 32 pharmaceutical materials and products of Tehran stock exchange as a import oriented companies during the period of 2011-2019. For achieving this, by using of Panel GARCH method, the exchange rate volatility has been estimated and then, the impacts of this variabble with other explanatory variabbles such as entry of real shareholders, profit margin, capital and interest rate to the operational profit, have been examined on return on assets in these companies. The empirical results of model estimation by GMM estimator revealed that the exchange rate volatility has negative and entry of real shareholders has positive and significant effect on the return on assets. Moreover, the auxiliary variables like profit margin, capital and interest rate have positive, positive and negative effects on the return on assets. By results of this study, we can suggest that the financial policy makers with decreasing of exchange rate volatility through control of domestic prices and capital market stabilization policies, motivate real shareholders to enter the capital market and increase the production and profitability of pharmaceutical companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Temporal and spatial study of water use productivity of strategic crops in regional scale (Case study: Hamedan province)
M.A Bayat H Babazadeh M Manshouri -
Open Access Article
218 - Prioritize the factors affecting the ambiguous marketing
reza arian shakib seyed nemat khalife mehdi kohandel mohialdin bahariThe aim of this study was to prioritize the effective factors in the marketing of sports products. The present study was a mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included marketing experts and sports management p MoreThe aim of this study was to prioritize the effective factors in the marketing of sports products. The present study was a mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included marketing experts and sports management professors who had articles or writings in the field of research, and in the quantitative section were consumers of sports products. Statistical sample was selected in the qualitative section of 11 experts until the theoretical saturation was reached using theoretical targeted techniques and snowballs. In the quantitative section, between 5 and 10 samples were required for each item, so 308 samples. Formed statistics. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part and a researcher-made questionnaire in the quantitative part. The reliability of the interviews was 0.85 by intra-subject agreement study. Content validity in terms of experts and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) was used. Finally, six factors, namely business ethics, creativity and innovation, citizenship rights, utilitarianism, surprise advertising, and rules and regulations, influence the marketing of sports products. Therefore, novelty and attractive design in advertising, non-social discrimination, attention to citizenship obligations, creating and strengthening social norms, sustainability of advertising, increasing the desire to share advertising in the audience, cultural utilitarianism are suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Effect of perceived benefits in online shopping on attitude and intention to purchase sports products from the perspective of physical education students
مریم خانی زینالعابدین فلاح طاهر بهلکه ناصر بایThe main purpose of this study was to study effect of perceived benefits in online shopping on attitude and intention to purchase sports products from the perspective of physical education students. The present study was a descriptive-field survey. The statistical popul MoreThe main purpose of this study was to study effect of perceived benefits in online shopping on attitude and intention to purchase sports products from the perspective of physical education students. The present study was a descriptive-field survey. The statistical population includes all physical education students of Golestan province universities that 384 students were selected through available sampling as the statistical sample of the study. To collect research data, questionnaires of perceived benefits in online shopping of Wani & Malik (2013), attitude to online shopping of Sinha (2010), and customers’ intention to online purchase of Chou & Hsu (2016) were used. To analyze the data and identify the effects of research variables, structural equation modeling was applied.The results indicate that the ease of use of online shopping has a positive and significant effect on the attitude towards online shopping of physical education students. The effect of appropriate price in online shopping on the attitude towards online shopping was positive and meaningful. The results showed that product diversity in online shopping has a positive and significant effect on students' attitudes towards online shopping. Finally, the positive and significant effect of attitude to online shopping on the intention to online purchase of sports products in physical education students was confirmed. According to the results, providing information to customers about the use of the website by online sellers, the use of different pricing methods and the variety of products offered to customers are recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Investigation of the Effect of Loyalty on Customer Repurchase of Dairy Products
Javad Rafati; Reza Aghamoosa Abdollah NaamiThe main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of loyalty on the repurchase of the customers of the dairy products. In order to gather the information in the field of investigation, two methods of library studies and field studies using the index cards MoreThe main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of loyalty on the repurchase of the customers of the dairy products. In order to gather the information in the field of investigation, two methods of library studies and field studies using the index cards and questionnaires tools for measuring the research variables was used. The research population was the customers of the products of the Kaleh dairy company, which used to purchase from Refah chain supermarkets of Tehran city. The random cluster sampling method for determining the respondents to the questionnaires was used. A total of 450 Questionnaires was distributed that 386 responses of them were usable for data analysis. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques.The research findings indicate that the customer trust, involvement, commitment and word of mouth does not have any direct effect on their repurchase. But the customer satisfaction has direct effect on repurchase. Also the customer involvement has direct effect on their satisfaction. On the other hand, the customer satisfaction has direct effect on their trust, commitment and word of mouth which among them the customer's satisfaction has the most effect on the word of mouth of the dairy products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Study of microbial contamination of milk and pasteurization dairy products in Qom province
Mohammad Reza Zolfaghari Reihaneh Gaeini Naser Kalhor Mohaddeseh Khalilian Mohammad Hossein Razavian Mahbobeh Soleimani Sasani -
Open Access Article
222 - Enterotoxin gene profiles among multi-drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from traditional dairy products in Fars providence
Maryam Beygi Mohammad KargarBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most importantfactors of food poisoning in the world. The objective of this research is to investigate the frequency amount of enterotoxin genes in traditional dairy products with multidrug resistance isol MoreBackground & Objectives: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most importantfactors of food poisoning in the world. The objective of this research is to investigate the frequency amount of enterotoxin genes in traditional dairy products with multidrug resistance isolates in Fars province. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 300 samples of traditional dairy products. In order to identify Staphylococcus aureus isolates in addition to standard biochemical tests, according to PCR method, nuc and 23S rRNA genes proliferation were confirmed. Enterotoxin genes were identified by using of the multiple PCR method. The susceptibility of the isolates for 16 antibiotics was investigated by using of the disk diffusion method according to CLSI criteria. Results: 120 isolates (40%) were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. The highest frequency of contamination is related to Cheese with 38 samples (31.66%) and its lowest relates to Doogh with 10 samples (8.33%). 91 samples (75.83%) of contaminated isolates were included of the enterotoxin gene, the highest frequency of enterotoxin gene was related to sea (54.17%) and its following, seb, seg, see, sed and sec respectively were included the frequency 50%, 33.33%. 28%, 16.67%, 4.17% and 3.50%. Also out of 64 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (56.33%) with multidrug resistance, 54 isolates (84.38%) had enterotoxin genes. Conclusion: The finding indicated that a significant frequency of Staphylococcus aureus isolates with enterotoxin producing multidrug resistance. Therefore, continuous molecular monitoring of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and also evaluation of the association of genetic profiles with clinical specimens is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Studying the Possibility of Replacing Petrochemical Products with Natural Gas in Public Transport Sector (In case of the taxis of the city of Tehran )
Marjan Damankeshideh Emelia AkhlaghiThe rapid increase in petrol consumption in years, as well as the current restrictions regarding meeting the increasing demand for petrol with production or via import, has made executive officials, including the Ministry of Oil, warn about the current trend. They have MoreThe rapid increase in petrol consumption in years, as well as the current restrictions regarding meeting the increasing demand for petrol with production or via import, has made executive officials, including the Ministry of Oil, warn about the current trend. They have announced that if the current situation goes on, we will be faced with a crisis. Meeting such a demand is not possible both technically and financially, and we will soon encounter a dead lock situation while the increasing import of petrol is a burden to the annual budget. The availability of rich resources of natural gas in the country as an alternative to petrol to be used in public transport has made this issue one of the priorities of the energy sector. The were five scenarios assumed for the plan and the plan was studied in terms of whether or not implementing the plan would be economically beneficial in either of those scenarios. The current study analyzed the scenario in which the modification the taxis of Tehran(into running on natural gas) has been taken into consideration. Model results were analyzed according to the main scenario and the results showed that replacing natural gas with petrochemical products in the public transport is considerably beneficial, and that such a plan is economically justifiable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - Economic Evaluation of Shallot Utilization in Varnasa Rangeland, Naghadeh, Iran
Javad Motamedi Morteza Mofidi Chelan Saeed Rahmanpour Mahshid Souri -
Open Access Article
225 - Comparison of Cooperatives’ Members and Experts’ Views on Public Participation in Forestry and Rangeland By-Products (Case Study: Cooperative Companies, Lorestan Province, Iran)
Ali Ariapour Farzad Veisanloo Ali Hossein Biranvand Golnaz Kheradmand -
Open Access Article
226 - The Effect Of Digital Marketing On Brand Loyalty With The Required Intermediary Role Of The Product (Case Study: Manizan Dairy Products Company, Kermanshah)
seyed reza mousavi fard seyed reza hasaniAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of digital marketing on brand loyalty with the mediating role of product innovation. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey nature in terms of causal type. The method of collecti MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of digital marketing on brand loyalty with the mediating role of product innovation. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey nature in terms of causal type. The method of collecting library information and the required tools is taking notes. The statistical population of the study includes the customers of Manizan Dairy Products Company in Kermanshah. Simple random sampling method and sample size using Cochran's formula is 384 people. The method of data collection is field and the required tools are the use of standard questionnaires of digital marketing (researcher-made), brand loyalty of Crystalis and Chrischo (2013) and product innovation of Paladino (2008). The method of data analysis is descriptive statistics using SPSS26 software. AMOS 24 software was also used to model structural equations. The findings show that digital marketing explains 54% of product innovation changes. Digital marketing also predicts 56% changes in brand loyalty. Finally, product innovation explains 30% of changes in brand loyalty. The results showed that digital marketing is effective on brand loyalty with the mediating role of product innovation with a coefficient of 3.47 of the Sobel test (T- Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Identifying the factors affecting the selection of export destinations of Iranian pharmaceutical products
Ebrahim Vakil Yazdi Rasoul Sanavifard Ali Asghar Eivazi HeshmatThe purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the choice of export destination in the pharmaceutical industry. In the qualitative part, the Delphi method was used to extract the conceptual model. The data of this section was done through a survey of 15 MoreThe purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the choice of export destination in the pharmaceutical industry. In the qualitative part, the Delphi method was used to extract the conceptual model. The data of this section was done through a survey of 15 academic and export experts and through judgmental sampling and snowball sampling. In the quantitative part, the data collection tool includes a questionnaire and the statistical sample consists of 283 managers, deputies, experts and experts in the field of export and experts of trade-related organizations and university professors, who through the sample method Single-stage clusters are selected. Structural equation modeling and LISREL software were used to analyze the data. The results show trade risk, economic development, attractiveness of market characteristics, technical characteristics of the product, resources and capabilities, company credibility, technological characteristics, membership in contracts and tariff barriers and restrictions. Resulting from government decisions affect the choice of export destination of the pharmaceutic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Designing an Export Marketing Model Considering the Consumer Behavior of Food Products (Case Study: Nuts and Nuts)
Masih Moghri Golnar Shojaei BaghiniAbstract The purpose of this study is to design an export marketing model according to the behavior of food consumers (case study: nuts and dried fruits). The research community is the managers and experts of commercial companies. The research is of applied type and has MoreAbstract The purpose of this study is to design an export marketing model according to the behavior of food consumers (case study: nuts and dried fruits). The research community is the managers and experts of commercial companies. The research is of applied type and has been evaluated qualitatively-quantitatively. The components have been identified through the research literature and we have used the Delphi technique to screen the components. The Delphi technique has been performed in 3 rounds by experts working in the field of export. In the second step, we used the ISM (structural-interpretive) technique to level the components and identify the effective components. The results of the research indicate that in the first step, according to the Delphi technique in the export marketing model, 13 components have been approved by experts. In the second step in the structural-interpretive technique, the components are placed on 4 levels. According to the dependence-influence analysis, the components of creativity and innovation and attention to the quality of production have been identified as the most influential component and the key component in the export marketing model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Identifying factors affecting the development of international markets with a combined approach (case study: petrochemical products)
Mostafa Ahmadzadeh Abdullah Naami Seyyed Mahmoud HashemiThe purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the development of international markets of petrochemical products. In order to achieve this goal, using a mix method research approach, the factors influencing the international markets of petrochemica MoreThe purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the development of international markets of petrochemical products. In order to achieve this goal, using a mix method research approach, the factors influencing the international markets of petrochemical products were identified. First, the research method was qualitative and grounded theory. For this purpose, 20 experts of the petrochemical industry were interviewed and 106 concepts were identified, which were placed in 21 categories and 6 dimensions. The 9 factors identified as causal conditions are: price factors, influential groups, ability of the export manager, geographical factors, host company conditions, competitive conditions, production factors, product conditions and strategy and company status. In addition, 5 macroeconomic factors, government policies, export laws, industry-related factors and export macro challenges were extracted as background conditions. In the quantitative part, the obtained model was validated using Lisrel software with a sample of 212. The results showed that all nine factors have a positive effect on the result of the financial performance obtained in the research model. Also, 8 causal factors showed a positive effect on the outcome of the brand image. But the role of the host country was not confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - The role of the media in designing an integrated communication model in changing the behavior of consumers of cultural and artistic goods and services with the foundation's data approach
Ali Mollaahmadi vahidreza mirabi Ismail hasanpour qorqchiThe expansion of organizations has caused inconsistencies among units such as public relations, marketing, and market development. In such competitive conditions, organizations should use integrated marketing communications as one of the most effective investment method MoreThe expansion of organizations has caused inconsistencies among units such as public relations, marketing, and market development. In such competitive conditions, organizations should use integrated marketing communications as one of the most effective investment methods to ensure the creation and maintenance of long-term relationships with their current and potential customers. In this regard, this research has been conducted to design a model for integrated marketing communications to change consumer behavior in the qualitative stage. In this research, in the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews and database theory were used to collect data. The statistical population of the qualitative section was 16 marketing professors and creative industry experts who were selected purposefully. After the theoretical saturation in the interview, the recorded data were implemented for analysis and the necessary coding was done. The set of data obtained after the continuous process of open, central, and selective coding in the form of 103 available codes, 60 concepts, 15 categories, and 6 classes based on a systematic approach (intervening conditions, causal conditions, central conditions, consequences, strategies, This most influential and contextual conditions) became . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - On Analytical Approach to Estimate Proceeds of Industrial Enterprises
Evgeny L. Pankratov -
Open Access Article
232 - A Review of the Use of Chestnut in Traditional and Innovative Food Products
Raquel P. F. Guiné Cátia Costa Sofia G. Florença Paula M. R. Correia -
Open Access Article
233 - Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Milk and Milk Products in Iran: A Review
R. Kazemi Darsanaki M. Mohammad Doost Chakoosari M. Azizollahi Aliabadi -
Open Access Article
234 - Red Sugar versus Polyethylene Glycol 3350 in Pediatric Functional Constipation: A randomized and Active-Controlled Trial
Elaheh Hajiarabi Pantea Tajik Bahar Taherkhanchi Shamsollah Nouripoor Ali Gohari Bahador Bagheri -
Open Access Article
235 - Evaluating the Artificial and Microbial Contamination (Pathogenic Bacteria, Molds, Yeasts) of Confectionery Products in Iran: A Systematic Review
Hajar Khedmati Morasa Razzagh Mahmoudi Zahra Hosseinabadi Ali Mehrabi -
Open Access Article
236 - The Nitrate Content of Commonly Consumed Agricultural Products Including Vegetables, Cereals, and Legumes in Iran
Behrooz Jannat Sara Mohamadi Narges Abdoli Tayebe Zeinali Parisa Sadighara -
Open Access Article
237 - Evaluation of Nitrite Exposure from Meat Products Supplied in Tehran, Iran
Parisa Sadighara Behrouz Akbari-adergani Enam Shokri Amir Tabaraki Sara Mohamadi Tayebeh Zeinali -
Open Access Article
238 - Salinity Effect on Important Components of Portulaca olearcea L.
Durgham K. TaJ-ALdeen Batool H. Al-Adily -
Open Access Article
239 - Analyzing the Status of Intra-Organizational Drivers of Business Model Innovation in Defense Complex Product Development Organizations
gholamreza tavakoli Morteza Marofany hasan farsijani mohamad hoseyn karimigavareshkiRecent research in the field of management points to the importance of business models for creating value and increasing the performance of organizations. The importance of this issue is felt more than ever for organizations developing complex products. The concept of c MoreRecent research in the field of management points to the importance of business models for creating value and increasing the performance of organizations. The importance of this issue is felt more than ever for organizations developing complex products. The concept of complex products and systems is used to make a distinction between capital goods (with advanced technology) and standard and consumer goods (production with a mass system). This research has identified and analyzed the importance and performance of business model innovation drivers in organizations that develop complex defense products. After identifying the drivers (thematic analysis of the data obtained from the background study of the subject, review of strategic documents and formation of focus groups), through the preparation and distribution of a questionnaire among 260 managers and experts who are aware of the opportunities and challenges of developing complex products through targeted sampling were selected, the status of importance-performance in each of the identified drivers was measured for the desired organizations. The drivers were categorized in the performance-importance analysis matrix and the improvement priority of each of them was determined. 54 drivers were identified in 8 dimensions. Based on the importance-performance matrix, "focus strategy" was suggested for 45 drivers and "status quo continuation strategy" was suggested for 9 drivers. None of the propellants were in the waste or indifference zone Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
240 - Taxonomy of Promotion Strategies of the Prosperous Pharmaceutical Products in the Growth Stage
Mahdi Ebrahimi ali asgarhalvaeiIran's pharmaceutical industry has long been confronted with various marketing and advertising constraints Most of these constraints has arised from governmental terms and conditions, and has led to the overwhelming majority of these companies pursuing a passive and min MoreIran's pharmaceutical industry has long been confronted with various marketing and advertising constraints Most of these constraints has arised from governmental terms and conditions, and has led to the overwhelming majority of these companies pursuing a passive and minimalistic approach to exploiting promotional strategies. However,today, with the arrival of newly stablished pharmaceutical companies and with private sector support, we are observing a remarkable change in the past approaches of these companies toward their promotion strategies. In this research, presenting the latest findings of promotion strategies of human pharmaceutical companies, we aimed to identify the common types of these strategies using the taxonomic method. For this purpose, we first created a comprehensive framework for the dimensions and components of the promotion strategy of pharmaceutical companies by conducting semi-structured interviews in a qualitative research and using a content analysis method ,then, through a quantitative survey and completion of questionnaires, the promotion strategy of each of the forty pharmaceutical companies in the statistical sample of this study was identified. Finally, by performing fuzzy clustering, four clusters or distinct types of promotion strategies of pharmaceutical companies were identified, each with significant differences in some of the key characteristics of other types. A key result of study shows that pharmaceutical companies have adopted different approaches to using promotion strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
241 - Identify obstacles of production organic products from farmers¢ point of view in Qazvin province
Fatemeh Moeinzadeh Farhad Lashgarara Maryam Omidi NajafabadiIn recent years the development of technology and the increasing use of additives, Pesticides and antibiotics in food production and storage, and undeniably adverse effects on human health as well as concerns about the safety of crops and livestock in all parts of the w MoreIn recent years the development of technology and the increasing use of additives, Pesticides and antibiotics in food production and storage, and undeniably adverse effects on human health as well as concerns about the safety of crops and livestock in all parts of the world has been increasing and forbore disease threat a major threat to human health myshvd. Taknvn different strategies for solving agricultural issues raised is common, such as farming can be cited. This research method is based on the purpose, the process of executing a little research, the deductive logic of the study, in terms of longitudinal retrospective study, based on exploratory factor analysis was used. The study population included all organic farmers Qazvin province is that due to the limited population (n = 173), the census is. A questionnaire was used to obtain the data required by the supervisor and advisor to verify the validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.76 was calculated. For data analysis software SPSS16 used. The results from an agricultural perspective the variables included 5 factors in the barriers, improve motivation and notification, service-financial, social, environmental, educational support and service-support. This 5% variance of about 66/363 barriers organic products cannot justify. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
242 - The Casual Relationship of Strategic Alliance, Human Resource Flexibility and Sources of Organizational Conflict with Competitive Advantages in the Sport Industry Products
bahman shahriary abbas khodayari ali zareeAbstractThe purpose of this study was to design a structural equation model for causal relationship of strategic alliance, human resource flexibility, and sources of organizational conflict with competitive advantages in the industry of sports production. The method of MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to design a structural equation model for causal relationship of strategic alliance, human resource flexibility, and sources of organizational conflict with competitive advantages in the industry of sports production. The method of this study was descriptive causal, which was conducted by survey method. Participants in this study included 306 owners, managers, marketing managers, and sales managers of sports production units in Tehran city. For data collection, four questionnaires were used to get the specific data which were the Strategic Alliance (r=0.88), Competitive Advantage (r=0.88), Organizational Conflict Resources (r=0.89), and Human Resource Flexibility (r=0.86). After confirming the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, these questionnaires were distributed among the participants. In addition, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results showed that strategic alliance significantly has a direct effect on the two components of human resource flexibility (0.27) and sources of organizational conflict (0.34). Moreover, organizational conflict resources significantly have a negative effect on human resource flexibility (-0.47). Furthermore, human resource flexibility has the greatest impact on competitive advantage (0.62). This coefficient is the sum of the indirect effects of strategic alliance and sources of organizational conflict, as well as the direct effect of human resource flexibility on competitive advantage. The following conclusion can be drawn from the present study that the management of the different companies of sports production enters the trade unions with full confidence, to take into account the issues within the organization, such as cost-effectiveness and time, which create a competitive advantage. Consequently, they can turn a competitive advantage from an impermanence competitive advantage to sustainable competitive advantage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
243 - Investigating the Role of Word of Mouth in the Relationship between Trust and Shopping Behavior of Consumers of Sports Products in Guilan Province
abbas khodayari seyavash khodaparast javid pourabdiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of word of mouth in the relationship between trust and consumer buying behavior of sports products in Guilan province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical pop MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of word of mouth in the relationship between trust and consumer buying behavior of sports products in Guilan province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of the study was consumers of sports products in Guilan province that 387 people were randomly selected based on Cochran's formula.To collect data, Kim and Park Customer Trust Questionnaire (2013), Bandapi Customer Behavior Questionnaire (2016) and Jang (2007) word of mouth were used. Structural equation modeling and Spss24 and Pls3 software were used to analyze the data and check the model fit. The results showed that customer trust has a direct positive and significant effect on word of mouth (0.55) and can also explain about 52% of customer buying behavior; Word of mouth also has a direct and positive effect on shopping behavior and explains about 42% of its changes; Finally, the effect of customer trust on buying behavior mediated by word of mouth was significant. It can be said that in an environment where consumer confidence in the company and advertising has decreased, word of mouth allows companies and products to influence customer buying behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
244 - impact of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and personnel creativity at National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company
Mahbubeh Abdollahi Hasan BaghdadiThe aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and personnel creativity at National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company (N.I.O.P.D.C). The study from the point of objective is MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and personnel creativity at National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company (N.I.O.P.D.C). The study from the point of objective is practical and from the point of method is descriptive-survey.The employees of NIOPDC in 96-97 in Hormozgan province were 200 employees. Based on Morgan table as well as random sampling and with 10% additional, 140 people were chosen for the research.The data in this study are collected with the questionnaire of transformational leadership bass and olivio (2000), organizational citizenship behavior Lee and Allen (2002) and Personnel creativity Kualho et al (2011).The questionnaires’ validity was calculated through Cranach's alpha test and the resulting value was acceptable.it is 0.904 for TL, 0.858 for OCB and 0.785for creativity.The hypotheses were finally analyzed with SPSS and SmartPLS software through Multiply Regression. The findings show that there is a positive and meaningful relation between the transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior and personnel creativity.Transformational leadership (Idealized Influence(Behaviour and adjectives)) hass signified affect on organizational citizenship behavior individual. Transformational leadership (Idealized Influence(Behaviour and adjectives), Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation) has signified affect on organizational citizenship behavior organization.Transformational leadership (Idealized Influence) has significant affect on creativity Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
245 - Qualitative Study of the Attitudes of Female Youths and Adolescents Adherent to South Korean Entertainment Industry Products
Leila Ebrahimi Varzaneh Elham FathiThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korea MoreThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products in Tehran city. The sample until reaching theoretical saturation encompassed eleven female adolescents and youths aged 13 to 22 whom were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative of contractual content analysis type and semi-structured interviews were used. The results of the research revealed that new media have become the cause of changes in identity building institutions and the media have changed the meaning-making factors of identity. The influence of the media in the formation of the identity and attitude of female youths and adolescents is significant in relation to the way their identity is influenced by the South Korean entertainment industry. Also, during exploratory interviews with the participants, 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were extracted. The extracted themes included distance from the Iranian self and identity, critical attitude about the cultural, social, economic, and gender situation in Iran, idealism, imitation and feeling close to South Korean entertainment industry artists, lifestyle change, and group identity formation. The findings of this study could provide useful information to media policymakers, mental health professionals, and sociologists to be effective in forming the identity and attitude of young Iranian females. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
246 - Evaluation of Export Models of Agricultural Products in the North of Iran
Nabiullah MohammadiNowadays, export growth is a crucial factor in revitalizing the economy of countries. The development of exports ranks high on the list of government priorities and policies in nearly all developing nations. The aim of this study was to present a strategic model for enh MoreNowadays, export growth is a crucial factor in revitalizing the economy of countries. The development of exports ranks high on the list of government priorities and policies in nearly all developing nations. The aim of this study was to present a strategic model for enhancing agricultural product exports from Tarom County and to provide a conceptual framework for such developments. Semi structured interviews were conducted to gather data, while Strauss and Corbin's methodology was used for data analysis. Sampling was carried out using targeted and snowball methods, which led to interviews with notable experts in the field of exporting agricultural products. During open, axial, and selective coding processes, results obtained from data analysis provided a strategy for developing agricultural product export based on database theorizing approach. Based on systematic database theory approach adopted here; causal factors affecting production include institutional factors (governmental policy and legal), marketing/sales aspects, economic/financial/banking considerations as well as competitive elements; background factors include logistical/infrastructural issues alongside scientific/ knowledge based ones (innovation); intervening factors are cultural/political/international influences; strategies can be short term/medium term/long term approaches while conse quences involve macro/micro level financial/non financial effects that influence agriculture product export development activities considerably. Results indicate that contextual variables most in fluential towards improving Tarom's agriculture product exports are maintenance infrastructure availability/distribution network suitability/new technology application/export terminal access/lab oratory quality measurement standards adoption/etcetera. Manuscript profile
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