موانع صادرات عسل در ایران با استفاده از روش دیمتل

Subject Areas : Education and training

مهدی  همایون فر ¹ (گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت)
سید محمد  زرگر ² (Department of Management, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran)
منصور  صوفی ³ (دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت)
سیده فرشته  موسوی ⁴ (کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، گروه مدیریت، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران)

Received: 2018-01-10 Accepted : 2018-07-02 Published : 2018-09-01

Keywords: عسل, روش دیمتل, تولیدات کشاورزی, موانع صادرات,

Abstract :

رشد سریع اقتصاد دنیا، کسب­وکارهای دارای ریسک­های پایین کسب­وکار، تعهد اندک به منابع و انعطاف­پذیری بالا را برای مشارکت در بازارهای بین­المللی تحریک کرده است. هر چند شواهد و قرائن نشان می­دهد در مراحل مختلف بین­المللی­ شدن موانع متفاوتی برای صادرات وجود دارد. بنابراین مطالعه تجربی حاضر به منظور شناخت موانع صادرات محصولات کشاورزی به طور ویژه عسل در ایران انجام شد. بر اساس مرور ادبیات اکتشافی موانع متعددی برای شناسایی محصولات کشاورزی شناسایی شد. این موانع در قالب پرسشنامه برای یک نمونه 20 نفری از خبرگان صادرات عسل در اردبیل ارسال شد. پس از گردآوری پرسشنامه­ها و تجزیه ­و­ تحلیل پاسخ­ها، 21 عامل به عنوان موانع اصلی صادرات عسل شناسایی شد. با استفاده از یک تکنیک مبتنی بر تئوری گراف (دیمتل) و دارای ساختار بازخوردی، اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم این موانع بر یکدیگر در قالب یک سیستم جامع مشخص شد. نتایج نشان می­دهد که تنظیم فعالیت­های ارتقاء صادرات، کمبود مشوق­ها و کمک­های دولتی، کمبود سرمایه برای صادرات، موانع تعرفه­ای و غیر تعرفه­ای، عادات / نگرش­های مختلف مشتریان خارجی مهم­ترین موانع صادرات محسوب می­شوند.

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