Qualitative

Open Access Article

1 - Designing the development model of surrogate parenting with a qualitative approach (case study: managers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences)
Asadolah Hassanzadeh Deloi Amir Hossein Mohammad Davoudi محمد علی حسینی Akhtar Jamali

Succession planning includes identifying future leaders, changing ownership, transferring control and management, and developing leaders in alignment with the organizational vision. In a way, succession planning provides continuity and long-term sustainability for an or More

Succession planning includes identifying future leaders, changing ownership, transferring control and management, and developing leaders in alignment with the organizational vision. In a way, succession planning provides continuity and long-term sustainability for an organization. The aim of the current research was to present a model for the development of succession in managers of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. This research is practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the field-library data collection method and the nature of the data is qualitative. The research method was qualitative content analysis, the participants of the statistical population were 13 experts from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by purposeful and judgmental sampling, and the sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. The data collection tool in this section is a semi-structured interview. The method of data collection was triangulation and the data was analyzed using conventional content analysis method. Based on the results, 55 indicators and 11 components were extracted for the development of surrogacy. These 11 components included: organizational factors, organizational behavior, negative organizational consequences, positive consequences of succession, organization employees, extra-organizational environment, organization managers, human resource management, succession barriers, job characteristics, talent management strategy. . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The effect of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farm on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice (Oryza sativa L.) production cultivars Sangtarom
mohammad reza Khodadadi Balanaghibi بهرام حيدرنيا سماکوش

To investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experime More

To investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experiment was conducted on a field in Babol, in 2008. Split factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. In this experiment four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 from the urea fertilizer source) were used as main factor and sub factor, including the first two planting densities (120 and 40 plants per square meter respectively, sowing pattern 10 × 8.3 and 16.6 × 15 cm square). For the second factor two planting methods frutescence (single seedling) and univalve (3 seedlings or bud), were used respectively. The result of experiment indicated that maximum ratoon production consumption, respectively 46 and 92 kg N ha-1, also the maximum ratoon production obtained under density 120 plants in square meter and with the three seedlings could create an increase in some functional components, such as the number of panicles in square meter, in the total number of spikelet in panicle, in the number of filled spikelet and in the weight of thousands seeds. Also the quality of amiluze under the consumption of 92 kg N ha-1 by density 120 plants in square meter and also under the condition of univalve planting (3 seedlings) reached to its maximum value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The Role of E-learning Future Studies in Entrepreneurship Development: A qualitative Research
Arezoo Rahimzadeh Yengeh ghalleh Kiomars Niazazri negin jabbary

10.30495/jmfr.2022.19495

AbstractBackground:Future Studies;The knowledge of analysis,design and intelligent establishment of the future,and E-learning as one of the most important educational methods in the field of information andcommunication technology,by removing time and place and achievin More

AbstractBackground:Future Studies;The knowledge of analysis,design and intelligent establishment of the future,and E-learning as one of the most important educational methods in the field of information andcommunication technology,by removing time and place and achieving various educational opportunities,requires a concept to create an image of the future for improvement and entrepreneurship.Objective:This study aims to investigate the role of future studies of E-learning in entrepreneurship development.Method:In this study,ccording to the purpose and nature of the research,the combined research method has been used with a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.In statistical population of the qualitative section,18experts,pundits,university chancellors and elites of the scientific community were chosen by snowball sampling method;and in a quantitative part,224faculty members of North Khorasan universities was selected by stratified random sampling according to the size of the colleges.For data collection,a researcher-made interview and a questionnaire were used.The reliability coefficientofeach category was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha test Results:The results present that this coefficient is morethan0.7forallcomponents.The analysis methodof interview data, in the qualitative part, has been selected open, axial and selective coding and in the quantitative part has been selected the confirmatory factor analysis present that117opencodeswasidentifiedintheformoftwocomponents(externaland internal indicator)and entrepreneurship development component of E-learning was identified 62open codes was identified in the form of two components(quality strategies for the development of E-learning and E-learning substructures)The results of factor analysis of the second order also confirm that the components of entrepreneurship development,ntrepreneurship capability component is the most important and entrepreneurial culture with the coefficient of0.58is the least important in the model. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Design and Compilation a Measuring Pattern for Social Capital
R.A. Royaee E. Kavousy

Often it said that: “you will not able to manage if could not measure” and “every thing will be executable if itcould be measured.”Despite abundant prompts have been done about measurement of social capital by the researchers around theworld, reg More

Often it said that: “you will not able to manage if could not measure” and “every thing will be executable if itcould be measured.”Despite abundant prompts have been done about measurement of social capital by the researchers around theworld, regretfully, there is a significant weakness which is the lack of unanimity about measuring method ofthese phenomena between them.Importantly, the first step in the measuring every entity is definition of its features and attributes. So, thisarticle has been started by mentioning various definitions of social capital, pursuing by social capitalmeasuring methods by emphesizing on disagreement of experts’ views. Among the qualitative modells;SCAT modell, presented by by Bin & Hix; CRLRA, developed by Falk & Kilpatric as well as Krishna andSherader have been introuced, then quantitatives modells including Snigders, Patnam and Fukuyamademonstrated and following that, measurable and economical patterns in order to measuring social capitalexplained. Suggested pattern has been intruduced after presenting of conceptual pattern.In this stage, fourdimentions of social capital have been considered and the relative components of each dimention introducedand following at components measuring indexes illustrated with tables and form. At the end, regarding theexperimental execution of this model in the Sience and Research of Islamic Azad University, executive stepsas well as some results of the research have been explained breifly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Explaining causal, interventional factors and important consequences in the formation of professional growth of employees in Ministry of Interior (a qualitative study)
Hamid Motasemi Kiomars Ahmadi Adel Salavati Hojjat Taheri Goodarzi

10.30495/ijpa.2022.64863.10822

Background: Professional growth of employees is a program to develop knowledge, insight and specialized skills of human resources in organizations, which is emphasized as one of the most strategic paths of sustainable organizational development.Objective: The purpose of More

Background: Professional growth of employees is a program to develop knowledge, insight and specialized skills of human resources in organizations, which is emphasized as one of the most strategic paths of sustainable organizational development.Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the causal, interventional factors and important consequences in the formation of professional growth of the staff of the Ministry of Interior.Method: The research method is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature. The research was conducted qualitatively, based on interviews with 16 experts, data were collected and after the interview, analysis. Data were performed based on the data analysis method of the foundation.Results:The results of the present study showed that the professional growth of employees in Iranian government organizations has 5 causal components, 4 intervening components and 4 outcome components.Conclusion: The paradigm model of professional growth of employees was designed taking into account causal, interventional and important consequences among employees of the Ministry of Interior. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Energy Carrier Consumption Optimization Policy in National Iranian Copper Industries Company (Case Study: Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex)
Mohammad Reza Fathi Adel Azar Gholam Reza Jandaghi shirin ranjebartotoyy babak azari reza mortazaii

10.30495/ijpa.2022.66769.10866

Background and Aim: Energy management and efficiency is one of the strategic policies of countries in supplying the required energy, responding to energy demand and addressing their environmental challenges and concerns. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explai More

Background and Aim: Energy management and efficiency is one of the strategic policies of countries in supplying the required energy, responding to energy demand and addressing their environmental challenges and concerns. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explain the policy of optimizing the production and consumption of energy carriers in Sarcheshmeh copper complex. Method: The present study has an exploratory approach in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study includes copper industry experts in three categories of managers, heads and supervisors. Snowball sampling method was used to collect the sample and it was done until the theoretical saturation was reached. The number of statistical samples was 75 people. Research data were collected using semi-structured interviews. In this research, the qualitative method of content analysis (theme) and Atlas software (8) have been used. Findings: The research findings are presented in the form of a conceptual model for the factors affecting the optimization of energy consumption in Sarcheshmeh National Copper Company. This model includes 7 areas of environmental factors, production factors; Structural factors; Content_behavioral factors; Energy Management; Network energy efficiency and energy efficiency. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that; All areas of conceptual model, accelerating and facilitating factors, and barriers and limitations of energy consumption optimization are classified according to the conceptual model of energy management in May et al. (2016).  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Research Title: Identifying the Role of Media Technology Advances in Economics
Morteza Karamouzian Aliakbar Farhangi Hossein Eslami

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to identify the role of media technology development in the economy. In this study, 30 experts in the field of media were used as a sample. Method: The research method is qualitative. Since in this research, there was a need More

Introduction: The purpose of this article is to identify the role of media technology development in the economy. In this study, 30 experts in the field of media were used as a sample. Method: The research method is qualitative. Since in this research, there was a need to address the depth of the subject and a deep and comprehensive understanding of media experts, for this reason, the interview method was used. In order for the interviews to have a specific structure, semi-structured interviews have been used. Data were also analyzed through content analysis using maxqda software. Findings and Results:In this study, 23 effective factors that determine the positive and negative role of media technologies in the economy were identified, including: information production and increasing economic knowledge, more employment, consumer welfare, reducing economic inequality, reducing political risk, increasing Economic security and efficiency, more control and supervision of people over economic activities, expansion of corporate markets, creation of free online market, innovations and innovations resulting from new technologies increase revenues, increase competition between organizations increase the quality of economic activities, improve and Improving the standards of economic development, public participation in economic activities, expressing people's satisfaction or dissatisfaction with economic activities, spending time on social networks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Evaluation of Imam Hussain Square Design in Tehran with emphasis on urban reminders
Behnaz Aminzadeh Mehdi Yazdi

A criticism on Imam Hussain Square design Human settlements are filled with memories. Sometimes these memories are personal and sometimes they have collective nature. Collective memory is a memory shared between group members and is formed in a social framework, a plac More

A criticism on Imam Hussain Square design Human settlements are filled with memories. Sometimes these memories are personal and sometimes they have collective nature. Collective memory is a memory shared between group members and is formed in a social framework, a place context, and through the time. These memories would fill the space with meanings and through them, a space would become a place and a place would become a meaningful, memorable and valuable place. Today many place-based researches have emphasis on the importance of narration and memory in cities. In this approach the city is considered as a dairy of place collective memories. These memories which are rooted in context of urban places and can form strong bonds between people and places, have important role in formation of people’s place-identity and sense of belonging to place. Having regard for or ignoring these memories (and memorable elements tied with them) in urban interventions, can strengthen or weaken people’s sense of belonging to place and their place identity. This can lead to numerous consequences and results. Vanishing of memories may cause identity crisis and mental-psychological disease. Most of researches with the subject of place collective memory are focused on the formation of collective memories in city and its effective criteria. But recording and transition of those memories for the future and posterity are given less consideration. Confrontation of people with urban reminders help them to remember memories of the past events. These reminders as forms, functions and meanings would help people to remember urban memories and narrate (tell the story of) the city past. These reminders are considered as mnemonic aids. But some urban interventions regardless of these memory reference points, would remove city narration consciously or unconsciously. Interventions which would make our cities generic, without any memory, history or important feature. Imam Hussain square intervention plan has been accomplished in 2012 with the approach of maximum changes and today after four years its results could be analyzed. Current research is pursuing the analysis of urban intervention in Imam Hussain Square to see how it pays attention to place collective memories through protection and strengthening of urban reminders. This research combines existential and First-person phenomenological approaches. With a qualitative Analysis method, it uses content analysis combined with expert analysis. Through the research various gathering information techniques are employed, such as deep interviews, structural interviews with open questions, and expert observations. The results show that the new design has not succeeded in attention to urban reminders and has failed in using numerous capacities, available in this historic place. Except few cases, this intervention not only has no attention to forgotten place-memories and urban reminders, but it also has weakened and destroyed the existing reminders. Even new urban reminders which are erected in this design have not bonded properly with place history and memories. Current research emphasizes the importance of place collective memories and reminding these memories. A pattern for analyzing different types of urban reminders (through analytical map) is introduced. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Multilevel governance of the metropolitan region applying new regionalism approach (Case study: metropolitan region of Mashhad)
Mozaffar Sarrafi naser nejati

Multilevel governance of the metropolitan region applying new regionalism approach (Case study: metropolitan region of Mashhad) Extended Abstract Introduction The root of many problems that cities face is outside of their realm. In fact, different studies on cities and More

Multilevel governance of the metropolitan region applying new regionalism approach (Case study: metropolitan region of Mashhad) Extended Abstract Introduction The root of many problems that cities face is outside of their realm. In fact, different studies on cities and their suburbs in the entire of world indicate that cooperation between central city and their suburbs is necessary to address regional problems such as urban sprawl, unemployment, devastation of agricultural and open spaces, social injustice, environmental injustice and etc. Mashhad metropolitan is not an exception and faces with the problems such as urban sprawl, devastation of agricultural and open spaces and etc that originated at a higher level, the metropolitan region of Mashhad. The metropolitan region of Mashhad consists of four counties; Mashhad, Fariman, Chenaran and Binalud. The regional management in metropolitan region of Mashhad is not well integrated and thus, manifested in the chaotic and somehow win-lose competitions within the regions. New regionalism approach has the capability to reduce the rivalries and establishing collaborative milieu. For applying new regionalism it is needed to apply multilevel governance approach in regional scale. Methodology The aim of this article is to study regional management system based on new regionalism approach to address the problems of metropolitan region of Mashhad. Thus, firstly the shortcomings of new regionalism and regional management methods are analyzed. Then, current regional management system of metropolitan region of Mashhad is studied. Considering this, next, the best regional management method for covering the shortcomings in the metropolitan region of Mashhad is deliberated. Research review method is used in the literature review of new regionalism and regional management. Also in studying regional management system of metropolitan region of Mashhad, descriptive-analytical research method is used. The research method is based on analyzing secondary data and formal related documents about Mashhad’s spatial management system. In addition, the academic sources with regard to regional management and new regionalism have been reviewed to provide the theoretical framework for the problems. Findings and discussion New Regionalism is an approach which recognizes certain regions capable of cooperation and integration among their intra-regional institutions in pursue of political, socio-economic, cultural, and environmental synergies. The best way for applying new regionalism is governance. In fact governance is complement of new regionalism. New regionalism should be implemented step by step to ease the resistance to change as well as to give it time for tailoring the most appropriate institutional arrangement. And also the most efficient way for cooperation between regional actors is multilevel governance based on subsidiarity. Conclusion The finding suggest that multilevel governance system with the participation of all regional actors based on subsidiarity, can be an effective regional management system of metropolitan region of Mashhad. For the metropolitan region of Mashhad two-level governance is recommended; the first level is in the territory of metropolitan region with participation of state, public and private sector and civil society. The second level is in the territory of counties (Mashhad, Fariman, Chenaran and Binalud). Key words: new regionalism, multilevel governance, metropolitan region, Mashhad Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Usage of Multiple Qualitative Decision-Making Method of "DEX Expert Decision" in Architecture and Urbanism
Mohsen Dehbozorgi Alireza Daneshpour

Multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a sub discipline of operations research that explicitly evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making. MCDA are well known acronyms for multiple-criteria decision making and multiple criteria decision analysis; More

Multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a sub discipline of operations research that explicitly evaluates multiple conflicting criteria in decision making. MCDA are well known acronyms for multiple-criteria decision making and multiple criteria decision analysis; Stanley Zionts helped popularizing the acronym with his 1979 article " MCDM – If not a Roman Numeral, then What?", intended for an entrepreneurial audience. MCDM is concerned with structuring and solving decision and planning problems involving multiple criteria. The purpose is to support decision-makers facing such problems. Typically, there does not exist a unique optimal solution for such problems and it is necessary to use decision maker's preferences to differentiate between solutions. "Solving" can be interpreted in different ways. It could correspond to choosing the "best" alternative from a set of available alternatives, where "best" can be interpreted as "the most preferred alternative" of a decision-maker. Another interpretation of "solving" could be choosing a small set of good alternatives, or grouping alternatives into different preference sets. An extreme interpretation could be to find all "efficient" or "nondominated" alternatives. Many "Multiple Criteria Decision Making" (MCDM) methods are available, which are often implemented by specialized decision-making software. One of the most important methods is the DEX method. DEX (Decision EXpert) Analytic Hierarchy Process is a qualitative and simple method that used to make decisions in situations where conflicting decision making criteria deal with difficult to make choosing between options. This method was first proposed by a Slovenian research group in 1983 and it has been used in many fields of science, including industry, health and housing up to now. DEX facilitates the following: - Acquisition of decision models, which are composed of: a hierarchy of attributes, and the corresponding utility functions that are defined by decision rules; - Consistency checking of decision rules; - Acquisition, evaluation and analysis of options; - Explanation of the evaluation results; - Group decision-making support. This article is extracted from the thesis "Design of Persian Miniature House with an Approach to Applying the Mystical Attitude of Iranian Painting". It has also tried to test the DEX method in the area of architecture; for this purpose, it is used in the site locating section. To select a site from existing sites, It needs components that are in line with the project approach and use. These are presented in the body of the article as an example. Now, in this context, can DEX be the target's answer? In this paper, a specific usage of this method is examined with an example of architecture, i.e. in selecting the appropriate location for the design of the project. The obtained results show that the DEX hierarchical analysis process method, which is done today with the help of software, regarding to be simple, flexible, using qualitative criteria and also the ability to review adaptability in judgments, can be used in simple issues, such as selecting a machine, to more complex issues such as the choice of land in architecture and urban projects, and to achieve the desired result. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Explaining and Regenerating of the Effective Powers to enhance the Quality of Women's Presence with the Iranian-Islamic Approach
Hamid Pour Hosein Roshan Mohammad Reza Pourjafar Hamid Reza Saremi

10.30495/hoviatshahr.2021.14942

Public spaces are a place for meeting everyday needs and public life in cities. These spaces change over time, based on socioeconomic and cultural conditions. The suitability of the urban spaces depends on the ability of them to respond on the needs of their users. Desp More

Public spaces are a place for meeting everyday needs and public life in cities. These spaces change over time, based on socioeconomic and cultural conditions. The suitability of the urban spaces depends on the ability of them to respond on the needs of their users. Despite the fact that women consist half the city's population, does not pay attention to the design and construction of urban spaces. It is necessary is to explain the intellectual definitions of women in relation to urban spaces so that can be extracted the factors that increase the quality of women's presence in these spaces. Urban spaces around the holy shrines because of its religious nature have created a good bed for the free and secure presence of women without gender-based attitudes. This research has tried to explain the qualities of special urban spaces (the space around holy shrines) from the Perceptual-Semantic System of Women so answer the reasons for the presence of women in different spaces. Since the purpose of this research is the semantic perception of women from urban spaces, qualitative methodology has been selected as the dominant methodology and ethnographic research method for conducting research operations and the basis theory method for analyzing data. The participants comprise thirty-five women from Rasht's Sagharizan and Lahijan's Gaabune neighborhood. A targeted sampling method was used to select the participants. The data in this study were collected using open observation, participatory observation and interviewing.  In this research, the field theory approach, which is one of the methods for analyzing qualitative data, is used to analyze the data. The findings of this study were based on the frameworks presented in the qualitative method and the underlying theory. The textual data and interviews were collected from 35 women in urban spaces Around Holy Shrines in order to open the line for extracting the initial coding concepts. Qualitative findings using the Grounded theory showed that the eight factors of the total observer, respect for space, hidden mental territory, fear of fault, hope for encouragement, educational dimension of space and privacy as essential powers are effective in increasing the presence of women. The obtained findings can be generalized in urban spaces in the following cases: Observer: In the components of observer women, lady's directors, and family presence and ... the ability to represent. Hidden Space Matter: Creating educational and promotional dimensions in a set to change the realm of space users will prepare women and men for space presence .Encourage good behaviors in space: Such a kind of perspective and management will provide a strong pivotal education, especially for lower age groups. Education axis space: Urban space is required to emphasize the proper behaviors of the space .Fear of mistake: Using management and control rules to deal with inappropriate behaviors and hidden cybercrime in space. Participation in space change: the presence of women in space change and change. In this way , the body and space behavior will be corrected, and the requirements of all the groups will be present. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Qualitative criteria and urban hierarchy in the Quran
Mohammad Hassan Ebrahimi

Classical urban studies of Islam have paid little attention to the issue of urban hierarchy in primary Islamic religious sources, and to the way in which this has affected Muslim geographers for centuries to come. Among these primary sources, the holy book of the Quran More

Classical urban studies of Islam have paid little attention to the issue of urban hierarchy in primary Islamic religious sources, and to the way in which this has affected Muslim geographers for centuries to come. Among these primary sources, the holy book of the Quran is particularly important as it has suggested, through a number of narratives regarding cities and urban life, a number of qualitative and quantitative criteria that are often not recognised or lost in translation.             This article deals with the question of urban hierarchy in the Reverent Quran by firstly identifying and categorising the major types of urban settlement as noted in this book. It will demonstrate that there are many references to the built environment, cities and civil life in the Quran that can, in physical terms, be divided into three different types of urban agglomerations; "size" and "population" being the basis of these distinctions. Secondly, it tries to show the language and logic behind this hierarchy. The quality of urban life and the possibility of progressive growth will also be the criteria in which urban settlements are classified and distinguished.             Attention to these details will hopefully pave the way for a student of urban studies to look at this holy text with a professional eye and to appreciate the significance of its suggested criteria for the categorisation of various urban settlements, both in their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. In addition to this, a short reference will be made to a number of important Islamic cities, as defined by the Reverent Quran, and will note the socio-urban elements that sets them apart from other conventional types of urban settlements.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Environment Impact Assessment Of Landuse Settlement on Rivers quantitative/ qualitative parameters. (Case Study: zashk river)
Shiva Ajilian Momtaz

      Nature- Travelling  is  a  part  of  Tourism  complex  that  applied  to warrant  travel  to  natural  area.For  study  and  enjoy  to plants  and an More

      Nature- Travelling  is  a  part  of  Tourism  complex  that  applied  to warrant  travel  to  natural  area.For  study  and  enjoy  to plants  and animals  view  and every  cultural  aspect  contemporary  or  past.At  the  present, while  suddenly  increase  and  non- plan Tourism Global the  factors  have effect  environment  that  uncorrect  planning  cause  environmental  pollution.In hence, we  must  need to assessment  environment  effects  that  such  activity  for recognizing and fore sight  marks  a  project  are  on  human  and  environment  health. Zoshk  village  in khorasan is  one  of  the  most  important  tourism.In  edge  of river  have  many  The village  has  a Natural  landscope  called  Zoshk  River  is length  30km.      The  river  pass  through  vary  gardens  and  Agri-lands  produce  beatiful  landscope. Restaurant and  villas  That  every  which  like  as  Natural- source, sufficient  effective  to  environment. But  what  was  effects  through  the  human- made  factors  settlement? Tourism  events  in  attractions  cause  chang  to  eco-system  such as  increase  development  restaurant  and  surplus  water  repelling,  chang  to  side  using  of  water - surface,disorder  in (soil/land)  utilization, preparations  and  change  to condition  specially, soil- characteristics and…so, Ask  the  following  questions:       Did  the  changes  can  hazard  quality  River-water  and  increase  ill-ness? What  did  we  can  performance  to   decrease  Negative  effects?   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Evaluation of Urban Intervention in Imam Hussain Square (Tehran) with Emphasis on Urban Reminders
Mehdi Yazdi Behnaz Aminzadeh

Human settlements are filled with memories. Sometimes these memories are personal and sometimes they havecollective nature. Collective memory is a memory shared between group members and is formed in a socialframework, a place context, and through the time. These memori More

Human settlements are filled with memories. Sometimes these memories are personal and sometimes they havecollective nature. Collective memory is a memory shared between group members and is formed in a socialframework, a place context, and through the time. These memories would fill the space with meanings and throughthem, a space would become a place and a place would become a meaningful, memorable and valuable place.Today, many place-based researches have been emphasized on the importance of narration and memory in cities.In this approach the city is considered as a diary of place collective memories. These memories which are rootedin the context of urban places and can form affective bonds between people and places, Furthermore have animportant role in formation of people’s place-identity and sense of belonging to place. Having regard for orignoring these memories (and memorable elements tied to them) in urban interventions, can strengthen or weakenpeople’s sense of belonging to place and their place identity. This can lead to numerous consequences and results.Vanishing of memories may cause identity crisis and mental-psychological disease.Most of researches with the subject of place collective memory are focused on the formation of collective memoriesin the city and its effective criteria. But the recording and transition of those memories for the future and posterityare given less consideration. Confrontation of people with urban reminders help them to remember memoriesof the past events. These reminders as forms, functions and meanings would help people to remember urbanmemories and narrate (tell the story of) the city's past. These reminders are considered as mnemonic aids. Butsome urban interventions regardless of these memory reference points, would remove city narration consciouslyor unconsciously over time. Interventions which would make our cities generic, without any memory, history orimportant feature.Imam Hussain square intervention plan has been accomplished in 2012 with the approach of maximum changes andtoday after four years its results could be analyzed. Current research is pursuing the analysis of urban interventionin the Imam Hussain Square to see how it pays attention to place collective memories through protection andstrengthening of urban reminders. This research combines existential and First-person phenomenologicalapproaches. With a qualitative Analysis method, it uses content analysis combined with expert analysis. Throughthe research various gathering information techniques are employed, such as deep interviews, structural interviewswith open questions, and expert observations.The results show that the new design has not succeeded in attention to urban reminders and has failed in usingnumerous capacities, available in this historic place. Except a few cases, this intervention not only has no attentionto forgotten place-memories and urban reminders, but it also has weakened and destroyed the existing reminders.Even new urban reminders which are erected in this design have not bonded properly with place history and memories. Current research emphasizes the importance of place collective memories and reminding thesememories. A pattern for analyzing different types of urban reminders (through analytical map) is introduced. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The Complexity of Relationship between the Physical Environment and Residents' Walking in Tehran, Iran: A Qualitative S‌tudy
Sara Dadpour Hamid Reza Khankeh

10.30495/ijaud.2021.17400

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Open Access Article

16 - Study of the Impact of Culture on Qualitative Structure of Residential Complexes in Tehran
Ghazal Safdarian Farah Habib

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17 - Urban Design and Social mixing in the Neighborhood Districts (Case Study: Abadan, Iran)
Somayeh Abuali Mostafa Behzadfar Hamid Majedi

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18 - HIV/AIDS Related Stigma in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi Peyman Hekmatpour

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19 - Sociological Study of Generational Differences on Women’s Expectations from their Spouses
Mansour Vosoughi Fatemeh Meymandi

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Open Access Article

20 - The Survey of Effective Factors on Hospital Accreditation Scoring Method in Iran
ladan ghadami iravan masoudi somayeh hesam mahmoud modiri

Introduction: Accreditation is a comprehensive and supportive model for assessing hospital performance. The present study aimed to assess the methodology of scoring hospital accreditation standards in Iran. Method: This research is a qualitative study in 2017. The main More

Introduction: Accreditation is a comprehensive and supportive model for assessing hospital performance. The present study aimed to assess the methodology of scoring hospital accreditation standards in Iran. Method: This research is a qualitative study in 2017. The main scope was to interview the experts in the area of policy and accreditation of hospitals in Iran. Accordingly, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 experts and hospital accreditation assessors. A framework analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. Results: In this study, six subjects were identified as the key factors influencing the hospital accreditation method. Standards Classification, Scoring, Weighting, Overall Score Ranking, Role of Assessors, Evaluation Method. In the current method, the overall score did not determine the difference between hospitals. Weighting was not clearly specified. The executive steps which were guidelines of implementation were scored. The decision making methods of the assessors were not the same, and the assessments were mandatory and not carried out by an independent organization. Conclusion: In the area of classification of standards and the method of scoring and weighting in the current accreditation evaluation, there needs to be changes. Required measurable elements in the accreditation standards will be eliminated. The precondition for entering the accreditation process will be to obtain the necessary permits before accreditation. It is suggested that the Likert scale be used for scoring. It’s recommended that the weight of patient safety standards must be considered more. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - A Survey on the Market Oriented Advertising in the Food Industry, Qualitative Approach
Mohamad Rahim Esfidani Emad Rahmanian

Purpose: Organizations can opt to two approach in market orientation. Being market-driven and driving the market. In order to achieve their goals, organizations employ several marketing tools which advertisement is one the most influential. The aim of this paper is to s More

Purpose: Organizations can opt to two approach in market orientation. Being market-driven and driving the market. In order to achieve their goals, organizations employ several marketing tools which advertisement is one the most influential. The aim of this paper is to study the degree of market orientation in printed advertisement in Iranian food industry. Methodology: this study tries to investigate the factors of printed advertisement in Iranian food industry using coding to better understand the market orientation. Findings: The results show that, many companies don’t adhere to the market orientation features and need immediate changes in their strategies regarding their advertisements. Research Limitations: due to the nature of the study, sampling was the main limitations. In order to overcome this limitation, theoretical sampling was employed. Managerial Implications: Marketing practitioners and managers can benefit from the results of this study in order to enrich their marketing efforts. Also this study can provide a model for marketing researchers to follow in their future researches to provide a more solid framework for Iranian marketing models. Originality/Value: Using qualitative methods, a less investigated subject is studied in this paper. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - A Qualitative approach to Developing a content marketing model
Maryam Ghaderifar, Jamshid Salar Aliakbar Aghajani afrouzi,

10.30495/jomm.2023.74138.2066

The main goal of this research is designing a content marketing model in online stores of cosmetics and health products, carried out qualitatively based on the grounded theory approach. First, with the help of the foundation theory, a semi-structured interview was utili More

The main goal of this research is designing a content marketing model in online stores of cosmetics and health products, carried out qualitatively based on the grounded theory approach. First, with the help of the foundation theory, a semi-structured interview was utilized to collect data. The data were then analyzed through Strauss and Corbin’s method and the Paradigm Model. Targeted modeling and snowball technique were used to samples for deep interviews, carried out with 21 experts and university professors. The open, central, and selective codes were produced followed by the development of the paradigm model for the content marking in online cosmetics and health stores as well as the output of MAXQDA software. During the qualitative stage, which was based on the grounded theory, 20 factors relating to content marketing model were identified by carrying out deep and semi-structured interviews and were used as the basis for the design of the paradigm model; there were: design, branding, social effect, quality of website services, technology infrastructure, marketing, law, managers’ decision-making, cosmetics and health website competitiveness, creating accurate and valuable content, empowerment of sales managers, strategy, content, human resources, customer relations management, performance, effective communication factors, economic factors, media, privacy factors. These components were classified under 6 main dimensions of the research which were causal conditions, background conditions, interfering conditions, phenomenon orientation, consequences, and strategies. The results of the study indicate that the online cosmetics and health stores are required to create relevant, attractive, and accurate content so that they will be able to attract more customers and retain sustainable competitive advantage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - The Internal Quality Evaluation of Management Accounting Curriculum in Iran: The perspective of students and Professors
zahra dianati Marjan Babaei Bidhandi Hossein Abbasian

10.30495/jma.2022.20578

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal quality of management accounting curriculum in Iran using the nine elements of the curriculum in the Francis Klein Pattern (1991). The statistical sample of this research include 300 students of at least the third semest More

The aim of this study is to evaluate the internal quality of management accounting curriculum in Iran using the nine elements of the curriculum in the Francis Klein Pattern (1991). The statistical sample of this research include 300 students of at least the third semester of management accounting who have been selected by proportional assignment in stratified sampling and 46 teachers of management accounting who have been selected purposefully. The results show that from the perspective of professors, curriculum objectives, learning activities and grouping are at an undesirable level; but the elements of content, teaching strategies, time, evaluation and educational materials and resources are at a moderate level and the element of place is at a desirable level. From the students' point of view, the elements of grouping and educational materials and resources are at the intermediate level and the rest of the elements are at the desired level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Information Asymmetry Gap Analysis among professional bodies, Users and Preparers of Accounting Information under Qualitative Characteristic of Financial Reporting
دکتر حمیدرضا وکیلی فرد وهاب رستمی

Critical role of accounting and financial reporting is providing useful information fordifferent and entitled users to help them in making economical decisions. While repeatedly itis stressed that value of accounting information is it’s convenient usage not necess More

Critical role of accounting and financial reporting is providing useful information fordifferent and entitled users to help them in making economical decisions. While repeatedly itis stressed that value of accounting information is it’s convenient usage not necessarily it’sreporting, sometimes it is mentioned that the users of accounting information couldn’tunderstand the meaning of released information in the expected level. Besides reducing theeffectiveness of accounting reports, by creating vast information asymmetry, this subjectcauses to reduce capital market efficiency. In this study it is intend, with aid of accountingand financial reporting qualitative characteristic, determine perception gap of qualitativecharacteristic preferences between profession, users and preparers of accounting informationand also areas of financial reporting whereby this gap is huger and deeper. In order to test,two main hypotheses of the study that were designed by theoretical framework, 281questionnaires distributed among accountants, auditors, stock analysts, bank specialists andaccounting and management students. Collected Data tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedmanstatistical methods. The results showed there is a meaningful differences among profession,preparers’ and users’ viewpoint about accounting qualitative characteristics preferences andspecially auditors comparing to others less satisfied of level of current financial reportingaccordance with qualitative characteristics. Moreover this study revealed that respondents,among six investigated qualities comparing to timeliness, Comparability and Relevance morecomplain of current condition of the inadequate disclosure, have no sufficient Reliability ofpresented financial information. This finding is in accordance with past findings that showedin contrary to public imagination, FASB by concentrate on standard-overloud, states that thebest way to achieve accounting objectives isn’t always increasing the level of accountingdisclosure, but also quality and form of disclosure or it’s reliability must be considered. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The impact of national accounting standards on the quality of financial reporting in Tehran stack Exchange: Earning Persistence approach
هاشم نیکومرام زاد اله فتحی

This study has attempted to evaluate the effect of Iranian accounting standards onearnings persistence. In fact, earnings persistence is one of the methods of measuringearning quality. To do so, 80 active corporations from Tehran stock exchange werechosen as the Earning More

This study has attempted to evaluate the effect of Iranian accounting standards onearnings persistence. In fact, earnings persistence is one of the methods of measuringearning quality. To do so, 80 active corporations from Tehran stock exchange werechosen as the Earnings persistence of these participants was studied in two timeperiod. In the first period, which was happened "during 1994-1998" these participants.In that period, there was no mandatory to present financial statement based on Iranianaccounting standards. In the second period "during 1999-2004" it was mandatory topresent financial statement based on national accounting standards. To realize whetherthe null hypothesis is true or not, correlation coefficient Wald statistics wasimplemented to analyze the data. The results show that there is not a significantdifference between the earnings persistence of the participants on before and after theapplication of Iranian accounting standards. That is, accounting standards are noteffective on earnings persistence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Provide a Model for Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Themes of psychoanalytic contracts of individual interactions Auditor with partners
Hasan Sarhadi Mohammadreza Abdoli Farhad Dehdar

10.30495/jma.2022.20581

In the audit profession, the nature of psychoanalytic contracts differs greatly from other structures of organizational behavior due in large part to the inconsistency with the content of the audit profession that maintains the auditor's professional behavior. Psychoana More

In the audit profession, the nature of psychoanalytic contracts differs greatly from other structures of organizational behavior due in large part to the inconsistency with the content of the audit profession that maintains the auditor's professional behavior. Psychoanalytic contracts in interpersonal interactions in auditing are an important and significant issue, because due to the existence of a coherent and equal understanding of the content and nature of the audit profession can lead to interaction between the auditor and the audit partner. The purpose of this research is Provide a Model for Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Themes of psychoanalytic contracts of individual interactions Auditor with partners. In this research, in the first part of the analysis, the topics related to psychoanalytic contracts between the auditor and the partner were identified through meta-analysis and Delphi analysis. According to this analysis, 15 experts and specialists in accounting and financial management at the university level, who were selected through homogeneous qualitative sampling, participated. Then, based on the link analysis in the quantitative section, which includes the analysis of internal links and the relationships between links and the systematic impact of links, With the participation of 20 audit partners with more than 10 years of experience, it was decided to establish the most important element of communication between the thematic propositions of psychoanalytic contracts between the auditor and the partner. The results in the qualitative section indicated the existence of two propositional themes under the headings of implicit and implicit themes in psychoanalytic contracts, which entered the phase of link analysis based on 20 propositions that reached theoretical adequacy based on Delphi analysis. The results showed in the quantitative section that in relation to the implicit themes of psychoanalytic contracts, the most stimulating statement of the charismatic style of the partner style is in interaction with the auditor, which ultimately leads to a consequence such as achieving the professional identity of auditors. Also related to the implicit themes of psychoanalytic contracts, the most motivating proposition is the development of clear guidelines for auditors' professional work with an audit partner that will strengthen the auditor's beliefs about the auditing professional's rules and procedures. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - An exploration of factors affecting content elements of the web-based integrated reporting with a corporate citizen approach
fatemeh darogheh hazrati akram taftiyan Mahmoud moeinadin

10.30495/jma.2021.19290

The web-based integrated reporting allows for information that is different from that of traditional reports. The quality of web-based reporting is affected by the content elements of the report. Content elements investigate the type of disseminated information or the a More

The web-based integrated reporting allows for information that is different from that of traditional reports. The quality of web-based reporting is affected by the content elements of the report. Content elements investigate the type of disseminated information or the availability of information. Therefore, the present research aimed to identify and investigate factors affecting the content elements of the web-based integrated reporting with a corporate citizen approach. To this purpose, a systematic analysis was conducted on the findings of 282 previous studies using a qualitative research approach and a seven-step meta-synthesis tool. Finally, the opinions of 12 experts and professors were gathered through a questionnaire. The effect coefficient of the identified factors was then determined using Shannon's quantitative entropy method and based on the content analysis approach. Finally, factors that have the greatest influence on the web-based integrated reporting elements were identified. The results from this research are a great help to professional auditors and financial managers of institutions in identifying factors affecting the quality of providing the web-based integrated reporting elements Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Fundamental Principles of the Professional Behavior of Management Accountants and Its effect on the Content of Management Accounting Information
hossein noorani Esmaeil Akhlaghi Yazdi Nezhad

10.30495/jma.2023.22414

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the basic principles of professional behavior of management accountants and its impact on the content of management accounting information. The statistical population includes professional industrial accountants who are f More

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the basic principles of professional behavior of management accountants and its impact on the content of management accounting information. The statistical population includes professional industrial accountants who are familiar with various concepts of management accountant. The data collection tool in this study is a questionnaire that has the necessary validity and reliability. The test of hypotheses shows that the code of conduct of management accounting professionals is effective on the quality characteristics of management accounting information in all dimensions, and this shows the importance of professional ethics in accounting and financial units along with other effective factors. According to this study, among the dimensions of the management accounting professional behavior code, respectively, confidentiality, professional competence, objectivity and integrity of management accountants have a significant impact on the quality characteristics of management accounting information. The future of the accounting profession depends on ethical leadership by professional accountants and leaders. It is necessary for them to lead current and future accountants to honor by explaining the importance of high moral standards and teaching the necessity of individual integrity. Obviously, doing so will ensure that in the future the accounting profession can continue its historic role in equitable economic growth and the success and prosperity of nations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Qualitative Methodology in Management Accounting Research with a Focus on Challenges and Opportunities
Mona Abednazari Hamed Arad

Recently, accounting research has moved towards qualitative methodology, and thus the researchers in the field have faced some challenges due to the development of the foundations and the extension of qualitative and behavioral ideas in the research context given the un More

Recently, accounting research has moved towards qualitative methodology, and thus the researchers in the field have faced some challenges due to the development of the foundations and the extension of qualitative and behavioral ideas in the research context given the unknown and variable nature of behavioral components.Focusing on an archival approach and the use of multiple theoretical and practical resources, the present study aimed to investigate the structure and logic of qualitative research in the field of management accounting as well as the role of qualitative research that led to the presentation of management accounting theory and general guidelines and principles to carry out such research.The present study emphasizes the identification of common challenges and problems facing qualitative research in order to provide some solutions to improve the quality of such research. Criticisms such as 1) the abstract nature of statistics in contrast to the reality, 2) the use of simulation, 3) the failure to reveal the real aspects of phenomena, and 4) inaccuracy of quantitative methods and other issues such as the measurement of concepts, causation, generalizability, repeatability, and focus on people have made qualitative research gain popularity among the practical circles.The special capabilities of such research methodology such as qualitative thinking in research and in different situations can direct us towards the creation of a more coherent, valid, relevant, and emancipating body of knowledge in the field of management accounting, a theme that has received more prominent in our country over the last few years, and the quantitative growth of qualitative research in management accounting has been to the extent that it can be regarded as a new research paradigm. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Applying a hybrid qualitative approach to typology of managers' perceptual characteristics of the quality of independent audit services
reza hosseini naser izadinia saeid ali ahmadi

10.30495/jma.2022.20584

The main purpose of this study is to study the typology of managers' perceptual characteristics of the quality of independent audit services and its practical purpose is to provide appropriate suggestions and solutions to managers to better understand independent auditi More

The main purpose of this study is to study the typology of managers' perceptual characteristics of the quality of independent audit services and its practical purpose is to provide appropriate suggestions and solutions to managers to better understand independent auditing services. The research method used in this study is qualitative. Using the meta-combined qualitative analysis method, the indicators are extracted from previous articles and studies and of the 82 articles obtained, 42 final articles were used to examine the effective factors of the typology of managers' perceptual characteristics of the quality of independent audit services. The content of the design was analyzed by categorizing the indices and performing Shannon entropy, the main indicators were identified and the importance of each indicator was determined. It should be noted that the analysis of research data in the qualitative phase was performed with MaxQDA software. Of the 417 articles found, 55 were reviewed. Based on the research findings, 7 main categories and 74 sub-categories (code) were extracted from the texts of previous articles using meta-combined qualitative analysis method. The main categories extracted are: Management factors, Corporate factors, Technical features, Reliable audit process, Company and industry knowledge, Easy to trade and negotiate, and social characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Culture-led Urban Spaces Principles; with emphasize on Urban Regeneration
Rozita Arabian Hamid Majedi Hosain Zabihi

Today, culture is one of the urban capital and creating urban spaces base on cultural infrastructure is a great challenge in large cities. Many urban spaces due to numerous problems, have confronted inefficiency and stagnation of urban life. This issue has ended up with More

Today, culture is one of the urban capital and creating urban spaces base on cultural infrastructure is a great challenge in large cities. Many urban spaces due to numerous problems, have confronted inefficiency and stagnation of urban life. This issue has ended up with fewer attractiveness in spaces. Moreover, it may seem that the regeneration of urban spaces with a focus on culture, can solve existing challenges and somewhat leads to reduce the same risks of urban spaces. Therefore, it becomes crucial to recognize the concept of culture-led regeneration and its influential components and principles on urban spaces. This study attempts to extract and analyze the principals involved in the success of the culture-led regeneration process of urban spaces by examining the concepts, theories and data obtained. This developmental-applied study adopts a descriptive and analytical approach to research. The research is also qualitative. Samples of the study were collected purposefully and data were analyzed through content analysis and estimation based on the generalized linear model. Research findings show that the culture-led regeneration process of urban spaces, tries to prepare urban spaces to achieve a long-term of a public space through five components including improving civic identity, sustainable development, city branding (promoting urban competitiveness), capital enhancement and placemaking. Based on findings, this goal will be achieved by applying seven principles including tourism and event-led development, cultural development, promotion of urban properties, making image and place based on distinct advantage, urban environmental quality, civil society, and the optimum economic structure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - The Maintenance of the Cultural Security through the Passive Defence Approach in Islamic Republic of Iran
Rashed Jafarpour Kolori سوسن علایی عباسعلی gh

10.30495/jcm.2023.22316

The introduction and the purpose of the research: Regarding the fact that Islamic Republic has been the innovator and creator of a new cultural identity for Iranians, this identity has always been exposed to different threats and invasions by the domineering systems. In More

The introduction and the purpose of the research: Regarding the fact that Islamic Republic has been the innovator and creator of a new cultural identity for Iranians, this identity has always been exposed to different threats and invasions by the domineering systems. In order to maintain the cultural security of Islamic Republic of Iran in this era, along with different institutions, the role of the passive defence can be important and effective.The purpose of this research is the presentation of the pattern of cultural security through passive defence in a way that it can provide the necessary conditions for the protection of the cultural security from the enemies' invasions.The research method: In this research, the qualitative research method is data-based and the data has been collected through interviews with the cultural experts. The interviews were codified and after making 680 concept-codes, the concepts were categorized and the important and effective components of cultural security were presented.Findings: In this research, through the identification of six dimensions of the systematic paradigm of the cultural security including the causative factors, the background conditions, the interfering factors, the category-based method and approaches and conclusions, the practical pattern of the maintenance of cultural security through the passive defence approach is achieved.Conclusion: In order to maintain the cultural security, the provision of the proper passive backgrounds and the strengthening of the cultural bases with the approach of passive defence can be really effective. Manuscript profile

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33 - Qualitative analysis of economic and cultural consequences of industrialization (the study of Mahabad Petrochemical project)
Karim Alinezhad Seyed Ahmad Firouzabadi hossein daneshmehr

The present study aims to identify and analyze the economic and cultural consequences of the petrochemical industry in Mahabad. The main question of the research is, how the industrial development policy in Mahabad influenced the economy and culture of local communities More

The present study aims to identify and analyze the economic and cultural consequences of the petrochemical industry in Mahabad. The main question of the research is, how the industrial development policy in Mahabad influenced the economy and culture of local communities? The research method is qualitative and thematic analysis is used to analyze and interpret the data. Data were collected using semi-structured interview and observation techniques and theoretical sampling method was used to answer the research aims, so that 21 of the key informants directly exposed to the phenomenon were interviewed. All interviews analyzed in two stages of open (primary and focused) and axial coding. In the economic sphere, there are 36 initial concepts in the subcategory of 12 major categories (economic inequality, income reduction, land ownership change, non-use of local workforces, livelihood challenge, unknown and unpredictable of petrochemical for people, disproportionate change in local people’s livelihood, work rent in petrochemicals, Lack of profit for local peoples, Gender discrimination in employing, Increasing incomes, experience and skills of some people). In the cultural sphere, the first 20 concepts were filed in six major categories (cultural heterogeneity, inactivity of petrochemicals in the cultural sphere, the lack of appropriate infrastructures for petrochemical, changes in people's cultural morale, familiarity with new cultures, cultural inspiration). The results show that the effects in the economic sphere have isolated, even in some cases, local people in the field of employment and labor power, rather than helping people livelihoods. Manuscript profile

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34 - Thematic Analysis of Women's Social Development with Emphasis on Sustainable Empowerment
Mohammad Reza Hosseini

10.30495/jisds.2007.21326

The role and position of women in the development process of any society is an undeniable issue that in order to achieve it, in the first step, every society must have policies and programs at the theoretical and executive levels in order to empower women; Because women More

The role and position of women in the development process of any society is an undeniable issue that in order to achieve it, in the first step, every society must have policies and programs at the theoretical and executive levels in order to empower women; Because women can be effective in the development of society when they are empowered. Accordingly, the present study has been conducted qualitatively by analyzing the social development of women based on their sustainable empowerment. The study population was women over 20 years old in Boroujerd city. Targeted sampling of 24 people until theoretical saturation, data collection method, in-depth interview and data analysis method was thematic analysis. Nvivo software is used. Also, the validity of the research has been achieved through the member validity method, and the reliability has been achieved through the audit of the research process by experts. According to the research findings, women's social development requires the provision of theoretical and practical infrastructures for their justice-oriented development and "sustainable empowerment", meaning that women's empowerment is both uninterrupted and continuous and takes place in all dimensions. These are: 1)physical empowerment, 2)psychological empowerment, 3)economic empowerment, 4)social empowerment, 5)political empowerment, 6)cultural empowerment, and 7)legal empowerment. As a result, if we want the development of society, we must provide the conditions for their social development by sustainable empowerment of women as half of the citizens of society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Investigating the Impacts (Economic, Social and Environmental) of Industrial Installations in the Development Process
Hedayatollah Nikkhah Sajjad Behzadi

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - The Study of Effective Factors on the Cultural Performance and Policy of Ninth and Tenth Government
Tahmoures Shiri Zahra Hassan OstadAli

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Thematic Analysis of Women's Social Development with Emphasis on Sustainable Empowerment
Mohammadreza Hosseini

The role and position of women in the development process of any society is an undeniable issue that in order to achieve it, in the first step, every society must have policies and programs at the theoretical and executive levels in order to empower women; because women More

The role and position of women in the development process of any society is an undeniable issue that in order to achieve it, in the first step, every society must have policies and programs at the theoretical and executive levels in order to empower women; because women can be effective in the development of society when they are empowered. Accordingly, the present study has been conducted qualitatively by analyzing the social development of women based on their sustainable empowerment. The study population was women over 20 years old in Boroujerd city. Targeted sampling of 24 people until theoretical saturation, data collection method, in-depth interview and data analysis method was thematic analysis. Nvivo software is used. Also, the validity of the research has been achieved through the member validity method, and the reliability has been achieved through the audit of the research process by experts. According to the research findings, women's social development requires the provision of theoretical and practical infrastructures for their justice-oriented development and "sustainable empowerment", meaning that women's empowerment is both uninterrupted and continuous and takes place in all dimensions. These are: 1) physical empowerment, 2) psychological empowerment, 3) economic empowerment, 4) social empowerment, 5) political empowerment, 6) cultural empowerment, and 7) legal empowerment. As a result, if we want the development of society, we must provide the conditions for their social development by sustainable empowerment of women as half of the citizens of society. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Qualitative zoning of groundwater to assessment suitable irrigation water using GIS in Kelachai Region
Ali Moghimi Kandlousy Amin Mohebbi Tafreshi Ghazaleh Mohebbi Tafreshi

Water quality must be tested before it can be used for agricultural purposes since difficulties might arise in terms of increased soil salinity, decreased soil permeability, and decreased water absorption by plant roots; leading to reduced agricultural productivity. The More

Water quality must be tested before it can be used for agricultural purposes since difficulties might arise in terms of increased soil salinity, decreased soil permeability, and decreased water absorption by plant roots; leading to reduced agricultural productivity. The aim of this study was to used Arc GIS (for graphical representation of the qualitative parameter's variations) as well as the conventional diagrams and parameters used for agricultural water quality classification for studying and zoning agricultural water quality in Kelachai Region in Iran. Results showed that the quality of all samples was classified as excellent for agricultural purposes in terms of the following parameters and diagrams: MR, SAR, Na%, RSC, pH, KR , CR, PS (just for w6 and w8), Wilcox diagram (except for w5), Gordon diagram just w7, w14, and w15, and Doneen diagram(except for w13,w14,w15) . In terms of correlation, the most and least correlations were found to exist between Na% and KR, and EC and PI parameters respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Strategic planning for sports tourism development in Lorestan province With an emphasis on quantitative models and qualitative
somayeh teymouri abdalamir majdam

The role of sport tourism as a new source of employment, income, tax receipts were further confirmed by numerous studies. The aim of this study is strategic planning to develop sports tourism is Lorestan province . The study was descriptive - documentary and field-based More

The role of sport tourism as a new source of employment, income, tax receipts were further confirmed by numerous studies. The aim of this study is strategic planning to develop sports tourism is Lorestan province . The study was descriptive - documentary and field-based analysis using SWOT strategic model and the next step proposed strategies using quantitative matrix (QSPM) is. Results The results show invasive strategy (SO) in first priority with a score of 3/42 and competitive strategy (ST) in the second priority with a score of 2/63 sports tourism were identified as the most important strategies that can be concluded that the there should be more opportunities in this field strengths and utilizes the strengths of the opportunities available to her advantage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Using of Protection maps to prevent drinking water wells contamination
H.R Naseri مجتبی Gharehmahmoodloo

One preventive in instrument for contamination of wells extracting groudwater forpublic supply is setting up protection zones around wells. For determining qualitativelimit of Sari drinking water wells, Information of 21 wells that control by water andwastewater company More

One preventive in instrument for contamination of wells extracting groudwater forpublic supply is setting up protection zones around wells. For determining qualitativelimit of Sari drinking water wells, Information of 21 wells that control by water andwastewater company of Sari. So, Protection zones of Tangh Lateh has greatest areaand is going to be least toward Sari. Protection raduis is a function of hydrogeologicalcharacteristic, some extraction water and time of travel zone. The results fromcorrelation diagrams between this parameters and protection raduis explain two point:1- Some parameters has a different effects on up gradient protection raduis and downgradient protection raduis. 2- Saturated thikness has an effective role in value ofprotection raduis in Sari. With respect of correlation diagrams between effective raduisand up, down and prependicular protection raduis,The rate of protection raduis isdetermined appoximately.The results from hydrogeochemical analyze show that theprotection zone Tangeh Lateh wells has low contamination and rate of contaminationis increased toward Sari in protection zones of drinking water wells. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Review of Urban Quartering Process (The case study: Noshahr and Kelardasht)
احمد Poorahmad مصطفی Ghadami Gh Jahan

Quarter as a Socio – Physical Unit is one of the components of Urban Space thatcan be defined and distinguished on internal homogeneity basis. Distinguishing anddrawing the real boundries of Quarters and other Urban Spatial Units is used as a basisin Urban Landuse More

Quarter as a Socio – Physical Unit is one of the components of Urban Space thatcan be defined and distinguished on internal homogeneity basis. Distinguishing anddrawing the real boundries of Quarters and other Urban Spatial Units is used as a basisin Urban Landuse Planning.This base is used to determine the distribution andallocation of Land uses and to determine the standards and Urban Capita. Fundingsthis Research show that regarding the emphsis of Urban Plans to quantity sides andform factors, especially edges and streets in the process of drawing the boundries ofUrban Spatial – Physical Units like Quartering, this process never results in determinigthe real boundries of Quarters and sometime makes the plans more ineffective.Thus inorder to know the real boudries of Quarters it is necessary to pay attention toQualatative Method and Process Factors as a necessity besides Quantative Methodswith an emphsis on Form Factors.This Article is concerned with the important ofQuartering in Urban Planning , critcism the present Quartering Methods and someSuggestion for preparation a Compound Method in The Urban Quartering Process.The mothod used is Analytical based on doucumentry and Field Studies. Manuscript profile

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42 - Investigation on Quantitative and Qualitative Indicators Affecting Housing and its Future Perspective in Esfarain City in Iran.
Heydar lotfi S.J. Daryabari Naser Eghbali

The Relation between sustainable development and urbanization and its includedparameters specially housing and its dependent subjects are the main topics nowadays.Investigating on the housing indicators are the key tools and basis step for urbanplanning. The housing rul More

The Relation between sustainable development and urbanization and its includedparameters specially housing and its dependent subjects are the main topics nowadays.Investigating on the housing indicators are the key tools and basis step for urbanplanning. The housing rule in the social growth is included its surrounded environmentinstead of itself specifications.In this practicable research, we used analytical – attributive and surveying approachfor determining the effect of housing in Esfarain city in iran.The results are shown that the most important problems in this situation in Esfaraincity are:- People disabilities in the housing and constructions- Lack of appropriate standards- Expensive and unsuitable materials that using for constructions- Old formation of city-centerIn this case supporting the local contractors and improving and reconstruction of theold parts of city is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Locating Schools Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
اسماعیل کاوسی فریده اسدیان سحر شاهپری

Significant progress in different aspects of human life and the complexity of the relation between these aspects has brought numerous problems in planning and management. Urban administrators and planners are also experts who deal with a wide variety of information and More

Significant progress in different aspects of human life and the complexity of the relation between these aspects has brought numerous problems in planning and management. Urban administrators and planners are also experts who deal with a wide variety of information and require the use of information in place analysis to maintain and organizing the status of a city. Complexity, diversity and the high amounts of spatial information on one hand and computerized capabilities in the field of information on the other hand, explain the philosophy of the use of computer systems by urban. Since Geographic Information System (GIS) deals specifically with geographic and spatial data and analysis of this information, it is the proper means to locate schools to and establish them in urban area. Also, applying qualitative evaluation of the matrix, provide the appropriate criteria for urban managers to make appropriate decisions to locate schools using the geographic information system (GIS).  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Analysis of the Role of Agricultural Extension on Conservation of Agricultural Water Resources: A qualitative study in the Kermanshah county
maryam shirkhani reza movahedi Musa Aazami Hamid Balali

The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of agricultural extension on conservation of agricultural water resources in the Mahidasht Plain of Kermanshah County, Iran. A qualitative study was adopted with a conventional content analysis approach. The purposive sa More

The purpose of this study was to analyze the role of agricultural extension on conservation of agricultural water resources in the Mahidasht Plain of Kermanshah County, Iran. A qualitative study was adopted with a conventional content analysis approach. The purposive sampling method was conducted using snowball method. Data collection was done through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with four groups of key informants, including managers, experts, researchers, and university lecturers from 10 organizations related to agricultural water resources (N=51). Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA-10 software concurrently with data collection. Also content analysis of documents related to the research subject was conducted. 347 primary codes, 5 main categories, and 11 sub- categories emerged as the results of qualitative content analysis process. These categories as the role of agricultural extension on conservation of agricultural water resources, include: Improving cultural and social situation including, making culture for optimal consumption of resources (39 codes), increasing participation (29 codes), and creating employment opportunities (22 codes); improving economic situation of stakeholders including, increasing agricultural production and productivity (26 codes) and increasing income (24 codes); improving policy-making including, agricultural development (28 codes) and water resources policies (37 codes); improving organizational and institutional interactions between agricultural extension and research organizations and universities (33 codes) and the Non-governmental and private organization (28 codes); and modifying behaviors toward exploitation of fundamental production resources (42 codes) and unsustainable production practices (28 codes). These key roles for agricultural extension is essential to help solving the water crisis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Assessment of lis journal's website based on website quality evaluation tools(WQET) and presentation of offered pattern
Azar Nouri Afkand Darioush Matlabi Mehdi Alipour Hafezi

Purpose: The survey has been conducted to evaluate and to recognize the websites conditions of the internal library and information journals based on the qualitative evaluation (W.Q.A.T.) tool. Methodology: The research is evaluative survey and the evaluation tool is More

Purpose: The survey has been conducted to evaluate and to recognize the websites conditions of the internal library and information journals based on the qualitative evaluation (W.Q.A.T.) tool. Methodology: The research is evaluative survey and the evaluation tool is W.Q.A.T. The tool examines the validity of the websites based on the nine general criteria including: content, performance, validity, up-to-date, connection, graphics, scope, and the labels use. The population contained 13 library and information websites which had independent websites. To analyze the data obtained, the percentage, rating mean, and the standard deviation were used. Findings: More than 60% of the websites under study were evaluated from the content quality aspect and more than 80% from the performance score were evaluated as moderate and strong. From the validity score viewpoints, all the websites acted as moderate and more. Only 8% acted strong from the up-to-date aspect and the connection performance had moderate performance. Also, 47% of the websites obtained weak and very weak scores. More than 90% of the websites graphics performance was evaluated as upper moderate and more than 93% of them rated as strong, 46% of super labels were excellent and about 54% were weak. Results: Of the all 31 components and 8 criteria for the evaluation of the library and information journals, only 2 performance and the content criteria had strong score. The graphics, structure, super labels had moderate, the connection and up-to-date criteria had weak performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Qualitative Modeling for Managing Water Allocation in Rivers
Sepideh Sahami Alireza Shokoohi Behnaz Khatar Farbod Chehrzad

10.30495/wsrcj.2022.19231

Background and Aim: Evaluating the response of rivers to natural changes and man-made manipulations are of great importance in managing river water quality. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the negative effects of quantitative management without qualitative More

Background and Aim: Evaluating the response of rivers to natural changes and man-made manipulations are of great importance in managing river water quality. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the negative effects of quantitative management without qualitative management of river flow. In this regard, by simulating water quality in river exploitation scenarios based on environmental policies, including minimum flow allocation, reduction of flow quality from aquaculture standards, taking into account the quality factors and pollution caused by the development of marginal urban communities, will be discussed.Method: The present study, which should be omitted was conducted on the Azadrud River in the Sarvabad region of Kurdistan Province. In this regard, by measuring quantitative and qualitative parameters in two monthly periods, the QUAL2KW quality model was calibrated and validated. In the first part of the study, the quality of the river along 22 km was simulated by changing the flow rate based on flow allocation scenarios in the Tenant method, and in the second part, the values of qualitative parameters in different flow management scenarios were compared with the accepted standard values for aquaculture (fish).Results: Based on the results, while the minimum environmental discharge according to the Tenant method for the studied river is 1.1 m3/sec, the critical quality discharge for March and April were estimated at 7.7 and 10 m3/sec, respectively. The study showed that the poor tenant scenario is not suitable for allocating the minimum environmental flow to meet the quality requirements of the river at all. Conclusion: The results showed that the conventional flow allocation method, i.e., without considering the quality conditions of the river, is not suitable and can cause serious damage to the environmental conditions of the river. This study showed that ignoring the quality conditions at the time of flow allocation causes the ecological health of the stream to be lost and the river to not meet the required standard for aquaculture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Evaluation of the sunflower yield, water productivity and soil salinity simulation under water and salinity stresses using the AquaCrop model
moazam khaleghi

The AquaCrop model is a powerful tool for the simulation of crop response to the different quantitative and qualitative management of irrigation that advanced by FAO. In this study, the latest version of this model (v. 6) was evaluated for simulating sunflower yield, wa More

The AquaCrop model is a powerful tool for the simulation of crop response to the different quantitative and qualitative management of irrigation that advanced by FAO. In this study, the latest version of this model (v. 6) was evaluated for simulating sunflower yield, water productivity and soil salinity under different irrigation management using saline water. Field data were collected in order to calibration and validation of model during two crop years (2014 and 2015). The experiment was conducted as a factorial design in completely randomized blocks including two factors: the quantitative irrigation management in two levels (full irrigation and partial root zone drying irrigation in 75%) and the qualitative irrigation management in three levels (non-saline water, saline water and non-saline and saline water alternation), with three replications. While a significant reduction of 3.1-32% in grain yield were observed under water-saving irrigation treatments compared to FI (4706.7 and 4367.2 kg ha-1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively), the PRD1 treatment resulted in a slight reduction of 3.1% and 5% in grain yield, in 2014 and 2015, respectively. FI had the highest WPET (0.90 and 0.89 kg m-3 in 2014 and 2015, respectively), and PRD1, PRD3, FSI, SI and PRD2 treatments ranked next. Sensitive analysis result showed that the model sensitivity to the volumetric soil water content at soil saturation and field capacity point, maximum canopy cover, HIO, time to flowering, time to CCx and CGC is more than other input parameters. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Evaluation of the Effect of Modified Atmospheric Packaging on the Shelf Life and Keeping Quality of Raspberry Using RSM
ghasem Yuosefi سعید Sadeghi زهره Karami زهرا Emam Jomeh محمد Jooki

Introduction: Raspberry has been considered a good source of some micro and macro nutrients namly (anthocyanins, polyphenol, ascorbic acid, fiber, proteins and minerals). Due to high metabolic activity and susceptibility to fungal decay and especially gray mold, it is o More

Introduction: Raspberry has been considered a good source of some micro and macro nutrients namly (anthocyanins, polyphenol, ascorbic acid, fiber, proteins and minerals). Due to high metabolic activity and susceptibility to fungal decay and especially gray mold, it is one of the most perishable fruits and has a short shelf life. The use of modified atmospheric packaging increases the shelf life of the fruits like raspberries and therefore the commercial value of the fruit is increased. Materials and Methods: In this study the RSM design is used to assess the effects of three variables; CO2/O2 (three levels; zero, one and two v/v), time (0, 5 and 10 days) and perchlorine concentration (0, 250, 500ppm) on raspberry weight loss, acidity, texture and microbial load. Rasberry fruits were packed in the two layer plastic packaging made of polyamide with thickness of 50 microns and stored at 4˚C Results: The results showed that the time, perchlorine concentration and CO2/O2 ratio had significant effects on the qualitative properties of raspberry fruit and its shelf life. Increases in perchlorine concentration and CO2/O2 ratio had positive effects on keeping quality of the fruit. Conclusion: The application of modified atmospheric packaging can improve the qualitative characteristic of raspberry fruit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Studying the Effects of Aqueous Safflower Extract as a Natural Colorant on Qualitative Parameters of Potato Chips During Storage
M.J. Jani S. Rahimi S. Koohi Kamali

Introduction: Color is one of the main parameters for food evaluation and marketing which can be improved by the application of natural colorants with known health effects. Materials and Methods: In this research, the addition of safflower aqueous extract as a natural c More

Introduction: Color is one of the main parameters for food evaluation and marketing which can be improved by the application of natural colorants with known health effects. Materials and Methods: In this research, the addition of safflower aqueous extract as a natural colorant was studied to improve the qualitative parameters of potato chips. For this purpose, safflower aqueous extract was prepared at 0.5, 1 and 2% concentrations and were added to potato chips by immersion and spraying. Color, texture and sensory analysis were carried out at different time intervals of 0, 30 and 60 days of storage at ambient temperature. Results: The results showed that a* and b* increased and L* decreased as the safflower extract concentration increased while all color indices decreased during storage, significantly (p<0.05). According to the results of texture analysis, there was no significant difference between the hardness (brittleness) of control and immersion type specimens (p>0.05) during storage, while spraying method caused higher hardness as well as less brittleness in all the samples. Totally, the potato chips prepared by immersion gained the highest sensory scores (color, odor, taste, texture and overall acceptance). Conclusion: Potato chips prepared by immersion containing 2% of safflower extract was chosen as the best sample due to the highest b* (45.22±0.77), least hardness (highest brittleness) (4.63±0.37 N) and the most overall acceptance score (4.50±0.51) after 60 days and immersion method was more effective than the spraying for improving the color of potato chips. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Molecular Identification of Gelatin Origin in Pastilles and Jelly Products Collected from Tehran Markets
N. Kamandi M. Ghobadi Dana M. Ghavami

10.30495/jfbt.2022.18965

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Open Access Article

51 - Evaluation of Additional Carboxy Methyl Cellulose and k-Carrageenan Gums on the Qualitative Properties of Gluten- Free Toast Breads
S. Movahed M. Mirzaei H. Ahmadi Chenarbon

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Open Access Article

52 - Identifying Obstacles to Implementing a Participatory Green Space Management System: A Qualitative Study Using the Delphi Method
hadis daneshyar seyad mehdi mirdamadi mehrdad niknami farhad lashgarara

10.30495/jest.2022.61197.5409

Background and Objective: Identifying the obstacles and challenges facing the implementation of participatory management in Tehran Municipality and being aware of the harms and dealing with them in an academic and compassionate way can facilitate the institutionalizatio More

Background and Objective: Identifying the obstacles and challenges facing the implementation of participatory management in Tehran Municipality and being aware of the harms and dealing with them in an academic and compassionate way can facilitate the institutionalization of the goals of participatory management and knowledge-based development at the level of the administrative system of the country's municipalities. The present study was carried out with the aim of identifying and implementing the challenges of participatory green space management in Tehran Municipality.Material and Methodology: In this project, the opinions of experts extracted and categorized. The final research model was developed using the classical Delphi technique. The members of the Delphi panel consisted of ten green space experts from Tehran Municipality, District 4, who participated in the research process using purposive sampling. Atlas ti win 7 and SPSS win18 software used to process information and analyze statistical data.Findings: In this research, the qualitative study of barriers and challenges to participatory green space management, barriers and challenges classified into six components of organizational structural barriers, managerial barriers, individual barriers, legal executive barriers, organizational culture barriers and time.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, in the structural-organizational barriers section, the level of transparency expected by managers from employees is not clear and in the organizational culture barriers section, the lack of citizen participation is the most important challenges and obstacles to implementation. Participatory management system of green space in Tehran Municipality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Increasing Water Quality Modeling Efficiency by Separating the Year into Hot and Cold Months (Case of Study: Watershed of Sanandaj Gheshlagh Dam)
Seyed Pedram Nainiva Kamran Chapi

10.22034/jest.2020.23772.3288

Background and Objective: Nowadays, water is considered as one of the factors for improvement and economic growth of societies. The hot and cold seasons of the year and its comparison with the non-segregation of the hot and cold seasons are 26 years. Method: In this stu More

Background and Objective: Nowadays, water is considered as one of the factors for improvement and economic growth of societies. The hot and cold seasons of the year and its comparison with the non-segregation of the hot and cold seasons are 26 years. Method: In this study, after studying the accuracy of discharge data, electrical conductivity, soluble matter, chlorine, calcium, sodium, magnesium, acidity and sodium uptake ratio of the two stations, it was tried to find appropriate regression relationships between discharge parameter and qualitative parameters. Provide water. Findings: The results showed that the Chehelgazi sub-watershed in cold months, the liner relationship between discharge with electrical conductivity, dissolved solids, chloride and sodium and also the exponential relationship was suitable between discharging with calcium. In warm months for this sub-watershed, the linear relationship presented the suitable relationship between discharge with dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, magnesium, calcium, sodium and the sodium adsorption. Also, the linear relationship was suitable between discharge with dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, chloride and sodium whereas the exponential relationship was better between the discharging with calcium in Khalifehtarkhan sub-watershed. In this sub-watershed, for warm months, the linear relationship was suitable for the relationship between discharge with dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, chloride, sodium and sodium adsorption. The separation comparison of cold and warm months with non-separation showed that non-separation of cold and warm months is not possible the chloride and magnesium estimation (in Chehelgazi sub-watershed) and calcium estimation (in Khalifetarkhan sub-watershed). Discussion and Conclusion: using obtained relationships and seasonal changes of surface waters quality, with discharge rate can create modeling water quality, extraction and recovery of water quality data. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products: Study of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food
Majid Sabouri Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar Hossein Mohammadreza Abdoli Yaghub Alavimatin Mehdi Zinali

10.30495/jest.2021.57455.5242

Background and Objective: The Purpose of this research is The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products about of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food.Material and M More

Background and Objective: The Purpose of this research is The Model of Interactive/Qualitative Analysis (IQA) of Perceptual themes on the base of Self-Fulfilling Prophecy in Support of Green Products about of Knowledge-Based Companies in the Field of Food.Material and Methodology: In this study, which was conducted in two qualitative and interactive sections, 15 specialists and experts in the field of marketing at the university level and 20 managers in knowledge-based companies participated in these two sections.Findings: Results in the qualitative part of the existence of three main.Discussion and Conclusion: The results in the qualitative section also showed that the main driver of perceptual approaches in the aesthetics of green products is the proposition of using material design as an aesthetic ecosystem in capturing the minds of customers, which will have consequences such as brand identity of green products.It was also found that the main stimulus for perceptual approaches to green product health was the use of international logos and the insertion of special codes (USDA) into green product health, which led to the stimulation of customers' perceptions of the organic nature of green food products. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Pathology of Sustainable Performance of Green Human Resources
Majid aryanzadegan Reza Najafbagy Nazanin Pilevari

10.30495/jest.2021.61558.5426

Background and Objective: Considering the gradual evolution and expansion of the effective role of human resources in increasing the effectiveness of the quality of services available over time, experts have enumerated several functions for their development based on th More

Background and Objective: Considering the gradual evolution and expansion of the effective role of human resources in increasing the effectiveness of the quality of services available over time, experts have enumerated several functions for their development based on the dynamics of strategic processes. One of these strategic functions is the capabilities of human resources to improve the quality of services. In fact, human resource capabilities range from psychological characteristics to responsible and social characteristics in individual actions that develop an organization's capacity to provide better services to customers. The Purpose of this research is Pathology of sustainable performance of green human resources.Material and Methodology:  In this study, theoretical screening based on similar research was used to identify the components (pathology of human resource performance management) and research propositions (Ambidextrous Learning themes).Findings: Then, Delphi analysis was used to determine the reliability of research components and propositions. In the quantitative part, the components and propositions identified in the form of matrix questionnaires were evaluated by interpretive analysis by 22 human resource managers, officials and experts at the banking level.Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed in terms of perceptual improvement capabilities; Explaining job perception conflicts with the aim of increasing the level of knowledge of human resources directly affects the level of human resource participation in skill promotion goals and creating a fit between specialized strategies and educational needs assessment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Effect of Altitude Changes on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics and Environmental Afforestation Stand of Pinus Brutia Ten
Asghar Fallah Yahya Kooch Ali Akbar Rostaghi

Background and Objective: Afforestation stand of Ghapan region (with 232 ha-1 area) was selected for investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pinus brutia ten. Method: Three altitude classes (200-400, 400-600 and 600-800m) were classified and&nbs More

Background and Objective: Afforestation stand of Ghapan region (with 232 ha-1 area) was selected for investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pinus brutia ten. Method: Three altitude classes (200-400, 400-600 and 600-800m) were classified and  number of 30 sample plots (with 400m2 area) were selected by using of random – systematically method in every classes. Some of quantitative and qualitative characteristics were recorded in every sample plots. Also, three soil profiles (A and B horizons) were excavated in every three altitude classes for investigation of soil properties. Findings: Results of this research showed that mean D.B.H and height was similar to normal distribution. Volume of high class (600-800m) was estimated more than the other two classes. Qualitative characteristics showed that plummet of stem, stem without branch, fresh of crown were climbing as crown symmetry and stem curvature were reducing with increase of altitude. Multi branch and stem healthy don’t show regular changes in relation to altitude changes. Soil studies showed no significant different in relation with altitude changes. Discussion and Counclusion: The final result shows that pinus brutia ten stands with the best quality and quantity and it is visible in high altitudes.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Estimation of Aquifer Qualitative Parameters in Guilans Plain Using Gamma Test and Support Vector Machine and Artificial Neural Network Models
Mohammad Isazadeh seyedmostafa Biazar Afshin Ashrafzadeh Rezvan Khanjani

10.22034/jest.2019.13946

Abstract Background and Objective: Having information about qualitative and quantitative parameters distribution of groundwater supplies is one of most important parameters in integrated groundwater management. Thus, in this study it has been attempted to determine a pr More

Abstract Background and Objective: Having information about qualitative and quantitative parameters distribution of groundwater supplies is one of most important parameters in integrated groundwater management. Thus, in this study it has been attempted to determine a proper model and input combination for estimation of quality parameters including electrical conductivity (EC), calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) ions in aquifers of Guilans plain. Method: In this study, the data from 132 observation wells during 2001 to 2013 were used and artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector model (SVM) were applied. In the first approach, estimations were conducted according to five different combinations, including water level, distance from see, total precipitation of six months and coordinates of observation wells. In the second approach, estimations were conducted based on combination of the selected qualitative parameters of gamma test with combinations of the best input in the first part. Findings: Comparison of the results from the first part indicated that SVM model outperformed the ANN mode in the estimation of Ca, Na and EC parameters. Support vector machine error values for estimating Ca, Na and EC variables at the test period were 1.218 (meq/l), 0.867(meq/l), and 175.742 (µmos/cm), while for artificial neural network these values were 1.268 (meq/l), 0.933 (meq/l), and 186/448 (µmos/cm) respectively. The results from this part showed that adding the distance from see input improves the estimation of models in all cases. In the second part, using gamma test for measuring the nine quality parameters, the best combination of quality parameters was determined to estimate the three parameters: Ca, Na and EC. The results from the second part show that both ANN and SVM models have an excellent performance in the estimation of the three qualitative parameters. ANN model error values in estimating Ca, Na and EC variables in validation period were 0.662 (meq/l), 0.305(meq/l), and 47.346 (µmos/cm), while these values were 0.671 (meq/l), 0.356 (meq/l), and 55.412 (µmos/cm) for SVM model respectively.  Obviously, the results from ANN model in this section were better than those from SVM model. Discussion and Conclusion:Results showed that both ANN and SVM models have a great ability in predicting qualitative parameters in the aquifers. Also, in less inputs, the results of SVM model are better than those of ANN model and in more inputs it is vice versa. Results of the second section showed that gamma test is fully practical and accurate in determining the effective input combinations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Evaluation the Reasons of Inattention and Ignorance Farmers of Adverse Effects the Chemical Fertilizers (Especially Nitrogen Fertilizer) the Using Focus Group Discussion
Masoomeh Amerian Loghman Ali-Mohamadian Afsaneh Malek‌hosini

10.22034/jest.2017.11623

Background and objectives: Increased population and demand is entails raise the amount of production per unit area. Competition for increased yield is reason excessive use of fertilizer nitrate. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to the enormous cost for More

Background and objectives: Increased population and demand is entails raise the amount of production per unit area. Competition for increased yield is reason excessive use of fertilizer nitrate. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to the enormous cost for farmer, also leads to harmful effects. These farmers are that at time to act amount the use of chemical fertilizers determine. Therefore, the reasons inattention and ignorance farmers the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers (especially nitrogen fertilizer) the using focus group discussion was studied. Method: The research with participation of 12 of vegetable growers in city of Buchanan (West Azerbaijan) was performed. A total of 5 courses focus group discussions were conducted with duration of 1 hour for each course. Findings: According to the results, the reasons for the of inattention of farmers from the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers in the form of the main 5 themes discussed were as follows, 1- Purpose of the production. 2- The absence of an inorganic or organic criterion for differentiating between healthy products. 3- The elements noted in the product. 4- The performance of agricultural Jihad and research centers in relation to the adverse effects of excessive consumption of nitrogen fertilizer on farms and 5- The farmers' lack of familiarity with organic cultural. Discussion and Conclusion: Culturalization in the community for the purchase and consumption of healthy products, although at a high price, will help many farmers to be interested to the cultivation of healthy crops. Including, monitoring and review experts on the amount of fertilizers used in the fields of vegetables and attracting the attention and satisfaction of farmers can make a significant contribution to reducing fertilizer use in agricultural lands. The production of healthy products is directly related to the health of the general population. Results of this research will play an important role in improving organic culture or safe agriculture in order to produce safe products and devoid of fertilizer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Measurement of water quality parameters and factors Gamasiab
Lima Tayebi Soheil Sobhan Ardakani

Introduction: In this survey to analyze the effect of Aquaculture Farms on quality of Gamasiab Rive, we selected five sampling station along the river for sampling .Water quality parameters were determined and then compared with standard limits. Materials and Methods More

Introduction: In this survey to analyze the effect of Aquaculture Farms on quality of Gamasiab Rive, we selected five sampling station along the river for sampling .Water quality parameters were determined and then compared with standard limits. Materials and Methods: Sampling was done in three months August and September 2007 and March 2008 in the morning and evening because of the effect of Feeding in water quality. The water samples were gathered in polyethylene bottles and DO, pH, EC were determined at the station then samples were transferred to the lab for determining other parameters such as BODs, NH4+, NC)3, NOz and PC)43- Results: The results showed that only EC has no significant difference in stations but other parameters have that. For DO, pH and BOD5 parameters only between Bi station and control station (A) have not showed significant difference. NH4+ and NOa have showed significant difference between control station (A) and the others because of inputting the nutrition particles of aquaculture facility and villages wastewaters in the river. Also, between Aquaculture Farms there are significant difference in some parameters like NH4+ and NOs. For instance Ghazal Danesh farm with producing 100 tone fish entered more pollution to the river comparing with Ghazal Zaghros farm with producing 190 tone fish. Discussion and Conclusions: Comparing the water quality parameters in Gamasiab River with water quality classification table in physical, chemical and biological parameters showed that this river water quality is in ct-meso saprobe until P-meso saprobe. So, at present this river can do self-purification of pollution but because of the policy of developing Aquaculture Industry in Iran, especially Hamedan province and no controlling and monitoring on pollutant sources, this river would have serious problems such as purification in the future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Investigation of hydrogeochemical characteristics and qualitative classification of Harzandat plain groundwater resources for various purposes, using hydrochemical methods
jamil rozrokh Asghar Asghari Moghaddam Ata Allah Nadiri

10.22034/jest.2017.11219

Background and Objective: Inadequency of water resources or lack of appropriate resources have been among the challenges for human activities in the Harzandat plain due to shortage of rainfall. The purpose of this study was to evaluate geochemistry and hydrogeochemical More

Background and Objective: Inadequency of water resources or lack of appropriate resources have been among the challenges for human activities in the Harzandat plain due to shortage of rainfall. The purpose of this study was to evaluate geochemistry and hydrogeochemical anomalies and to determine groundwater usage (different uses for drinking, agriculture and industry) in the study area. Method: Due to the limited water resources in Harzandat plain, 16 groundwater samples were collected from wells, springs and qanats that sampling, and chemical analysis was carried out using standard procedures. Findings: The results of the Piper diagram show that the dominant type of groundwater is saline water in Harzandat plain. Calculation of the saturation index shows the interaction between water and rock and the state of saturation and super saturation relative to dolomite, calcite and aragonite minerals. According to the qualitative classification, the water in the study area falls within the range of moderate levle, and from the agriculture view point it is brackish water and unsuitable for irrigation. For industrial uses, some of the water resources have incrustation properties and they are partly corrosive, but most of the groundwater samples taken from the study area had incrustation properties and were unsuitable for industrial purposes. Conclusion: The results indicated the poor quality of drinking water, agriculture and industry in the central and northern parts of the plain. Also, based on the results from the Gibbs diagram, processes such as chemical weathering of mineral constituents of rock and evaporation influence the quality of groundwater in Harzandat plain.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Qualitative Research Approaches for Environmental Sciences: A review
Pezhman Roudgarmi Abbas Akbarzadeh

The environmental sciences can be constituted based on some branches of natural science, social science and applied science. Solving environmental problems requires integration of expertise in some academic disciplines. This challenge stems from the essence of environme More

The environmental sciences can be constituted based on some branches of natural science, social science and applied science. Solving environmental problems requires integration of expertise in some academic disciplines. This challenge stems from the essence of environmental sciences because these fields have an interdisciplinary nature. The most academic disciplines have specialized research methodology, but environmental sciences need to some research methodologies. The aim of this paper is to present qualitative research methodology for solving environmental problems and respond to expected questions through gathering and inferring from the results of various qualitative studies. In this paper, various qualitative research approaches used in the studies are discussed. Using qualitative research is inevitable under some conditions. Based on presented cases, the capability of qualitative research in environmental areas is explained. Qualitative research can respond to many questions in environmental researches and professional reports. Qualitative research approaches may be used to respond the questions arisen in preparation of environmental professional reports. This research methodology has the advantage that can be performed with minimum planning and equipment. In many complex environmental studies, design of quantitative research is very difficult or impossible. In this condition, using qualitative research design is an appropriate option.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Investigate the Effect of Prediction Profit Reporting Tone on Investors' Reactions and Performance Prediction
mahmoud toorchi Mahmoud Lari Dashtebayaz Mohammad Reza Razdar

In recent years, the analysis of various aspects of qualitative information on financial reports is one of the important tools for decision making by investors and other capital market users. The purpose of this study, was to investigate The effect of the earnings forec More

In recent years, the analysis of various aspects of qualitative information on financial reports is one of the important tools for decision making by investors and other capital market users. The purpose of this study, was to investigate The effect of the earnings forecast report tone on investor response and performance prediction. To investigate this issue, the present study uses 140 years- company listed companies at Tehran Stock Exchange between 2011 and 2017. In order to test the hypotheses of the research, multiple regression and logistic regression were used. The research findings suggest that earnings forecast report tone is not a suitable tool for investors and other users to predict future earnings and future cash flows (future performance). Also, no significant relationship was found between the earnings forecast report tone with some of the incremental (decreasing) criteria of managers' understanding to manage the report tone, such as renewing the presentation of profits and realizing the near real. In other words, the earnings forecast report tone does not have any effect on the perception and awareness of the investors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Identification of effective components in the formation of financial literacy of corporate executives using the phenomenological approach.
Mahmoud Moeinadin mina abousaeidi forogh heyrani

Due to the fact that all firms mangers’ decisions have financial effect, it is necessary to have at least the necessary knowledge of the financial rules (financial literacy) since they are effective in shaping these decisions. Financial literacy and its measuremen More

Due to the fact that all firms mangers’ decisions have financial effect, it is necessary to have at least the necessary knowledge of the financial rules (financial literacy) since they are effective in shaping these decisions. Financial literacy and its measurement in different classes of society have been the issue of many internal and global researches; however, financial literacy of firm executives was received less attention in Iran. The present study aims to identify the effective factors in shaping the professional financial literacy of firm’s managers. The paradigm of this research was interpretative. Because employing the life experiences of people involved in this subject, the financial experts were necessary qualitative research method and the phenomenological approach and Collaizi’s seven steps method h were utilized and data was analyzed with software Nvivo 8. A snowball sampling method was used as it belonged to targeted sampling method for selecting the sample of the study to achieve the theoretical saturation principle, and the final sample consisted of ten financial experts. Based on the results, eleven main components were identified in the formation of financial literacy of managers. These components are the recognition and analysis of financial statements, familiarity with the laws of social security and labor insurance, familiarity with tax regulations and trade law and familiarity with the laws of the stock. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Designing an Effective Human Resources Valuation Model Using Qualitative Methods (Case Study: Islamic Azad University Hormozgan Branches)
samira rahimi qodratallah talebnia Rezvan Hejazi mohammad hosein ranjbar

Objective: The purpose of this study was to design an efficient human resources evaluation model using qualitative methods in Islamic Azad University units of Hormozgan province.Method: In this study, qualitative field theory theoretic approach is used in the systematic More

Objective: The purpose of this study was to design an efficient human resources evaluation model using qualitative methods in Islamic Azad University units of Hormozgan province.Method: In this study, qualitative field theory theoretic approach is used in the systematic approach. Also, due to the exploratory nature of the research, the researcher has used the grounded theory method. The statistical population of this research consists of the head and deputy of faculties, experts and staff (including education, research, finance, etc.) of Hormozgan Branch.Results: The results of the testing of research hypotheses show that Hormozgan University has focused more on functional areas and has gained more from these components. Based on the results, most people have earned an average score, indicating that individuals are one-dimensional and not all individuals have all dimensions.Conclusion: The findings of the study show that the components of human resources evaluation in Islamic Azad University of Hormozgan are: skills, creativity, innovation, adaptability and teamwork capabilities (in capability index, Participation, information and work conscience (in performance index (age, health, talent and experience (in potential)), achievement, optimism, honesty, kindness and sacrifice) in attitude index) Performance is more important than capability, potential and attitude. Among the dimensions of performance horn, conscientiousness, in the index of ability, skill, attitude index, achievement, and in the index of potentiality, talent are prioritized. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - ارایه مدل مناسب برای تاب‌آوری مالی کسب‌وکار کارآفرینانه با رویکرد مدیریت ریسک
mehdi amini Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Habib Amirbeyki Langroudi Ali Badi'zadeh

The current research is to present an applicable and suitable model for the financial resilience of entrepreneurial businesses with a risk management approach. This research aims to create a model to achieve and create the necessary platforms to create a culture of fina More

The current research is to present an applicable and suitable model for the financial resilience of entrepreneurial businesses with a risk management approach. This research aims to create a model to achieve and create the necessary platforms to create a culture of financial resilience in order to lead them to manage the risk of entrepreneurial businessesThe methodology used in this research is qualitative. in which the ground method of foundation data theory is used. that by using the opinions of subject matter experts and interviewing 10 experts in this field and using the snowball method until reaching the theoretical saturation stage in order to identify the effective factors in formulating the desired pattern and model of the research using open coding, central and selective has been discussed. In the end, the results of this research lead to the presentation of a model for financial resilience in entrepreneurial businesses, which has been developed and presented in the direction of financial resilience and risk management in entrepreneurial businesses, as well as the conceptual model of the research. From the results of the current research, the most important activities in the sectors such as designing discovery mechanisms and creating financial resilience of entrepreneurial businesses; redesigning financial resilience processes; Creation of creative innovation processes in financial resilience; Creating a culture of using new technologies and the desire to innovate in the implementation of financial resilience is in the direction of financial resilience Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Identify and rank the challenges of (determining) fair value measurement in the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standard No. 13 (IFRS13) in Iranian non-governmental banks using Meta-synthesis qualitative analysis and SWARA method and provide a solution using the ARAS technique.
samaneh zarerafi Gholamhasan Taghi Nataj Malekshah Azita Jahanshad Farzaneh heidarpoor

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the challenges of (determining)fair value measurement in the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standard No.13(IFRS13) of Iranian non-governmental banks. This approach can provide intelligent cooperation More

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the challenges of (determining)fair value measurement in the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standard No.13(IFRS13) of Iranian non-governmental banks. This approach can provide intelligent cooperation and effective communication with international markets and provide more useful information on reliability and reliability. Future cash flows help investors(improve forecasts)and provide useful tools in determining risk and asset prices and securities,as well as identifying devaluation before it occurs (hedging) and identifying early credit losses, reducing the volume of non-current receivables of banks,and raising public confidence. Through library study and Meta-synthesis qualitative analysis were collected and for evaluation of Meta-synthesis reliability, a selected document was provided to the experts. After evaluation, the Holst coefficient was calculated to be 0.845.(SWARA)Obstacles and Challenges were identified and ranked.With the help of ARAS technique,better solutions were proposed to remove the obstacles and challengesThey show infrastructure indicators and regulatory structure (requirements),credit risk rating, investment risk awareness and risk return analysis,proper allocation of foreign exchange resources by banks to banks,proper allocation of credit by banks based on customer ratings and reduction of overdue receivables.(IFRS13)and indicators of development platforms,upgrading the level of control activities,creating and using rating agencies in creating accurate trocar models (progress in the field of accreditation),effective risk management and effective internal control systems,promoting risk modeling, the need to pay attention to auditing knowledge,They were also identified as solutions to deal with obstacles and challenges. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - Explaining the components of achieving sustainable environmental development in the urban management structure of Tabriz metropolis
Alireza Zabardast Rasool Darskhan

Background and Aim: In order to achieve sustainable development in the urban management structure of Iranian cities, especially metropolises, a specific model based on the characteristics and dimensions of this concept and the qualities of the target context, ie the con More

Background and Aim: In order to achieve sustainable development in the urban management structure of Iranian cities, especially metropolises, a specific model based on the characteristics and dimensions of this concept and the qualities of the target context, ie the context of Iran, must be drawn. The main purpose of this study is to explain the components of achieving sustainable environmental development in the urban management structure of the metropolis in Tabriz.Methods: In this study, using the method of customary or conventional qualitative content analysis: the categories, sub-classes and subclasses of the structure of the urban management model of sustainable development-based in Iranian metropolises were explained with emphasis on the metropolis of Tabriz. The data collection tool was semi-structured in-depth face-to-face interviews with 23 experts related to the research objectives and purposeful sampling with maximum diversity until data saturation was achieved.Results: After analyzing the data, 4 floors, 20 sub-classes, 99 sub-categories were formulated. Economic, cultural-social, institutional and environmental-physical capacities as components of achieving sustainable development were explained for the first time in the urban management structure of Iranian metropolises.Discussion and Conclusion: As a result, in order to achieve sustainable development, much attention must be paid to the structure of urban management. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - The effect of urban regeneration components on the development of urban regeneration model (A case study: worn-out tissues of Tehran)
ali hoseinzadeh Maryam Farahani Saeid Motahari Azita Behbahaninia

Background and Objective: Reconstruction of worn-out urban structures has always been considered as one of the goals and policies of the government in the country's development programs. Sustainable urban regeneration as a new approach is able to reduce or eliminate man More

Background and Objective: Reconstruction of worn-out urban structures has always been considered as one of the goals and policies of the government in the country's development programs. Sustainable urban regeneration as a new approach is able to reduce or eliminate many problems and challenges of cities, especially in the field of environment. The aim of this study was to present a new model of sustainable urban regeneration in Tehran.Material and Methodology: The present study is descriptive-exploratory. First, the components of sustainable urban regeneration were identified using semi-structured interview tools. The statistical population was experts in the field of urban management - environment and random sampling method. The number of samples was selected using the snowball technique and the principle of theoretical saturation of 22 people. Content analysis method was used to extract the model and finalize it. Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to ensure the relationship between variables.Findings: 101 initial codes were extracted from the analysis and analysis of interview data based on the principles of repetition, emphasis and importance. Finally, the concepts of sustainable urban regeneration were classified based on 5 components, 17 categories and 101 behavioral descriptions. Also, based on the results of descriptive statistical test, the mean of the components was above average and all of them had a standard deviation of less than one. According to the degree of correlation coefficient between the variables, the research has a direct and strong relationship.Discussion and Conclusion: Among the 17 selected categories in the present study, 7 categories (identification and cooperation with involved institutions and trustees, attention to the main needs of communities, empowerment of stakeholders and institutions involved, urban development capacity, status of urban infrastructure, information and interactive infrastructure, Investment infrastructure) are new. Paying attention to the above components in formulating programs and adopting more favorable policies in the field of urban regeneration in Tehran will be able to reduce the challenges in the path of urban sustainability.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - A Survey on Religious Extremism and the Role of Islamic Education in its Controlling
Farhad Ramezan Zadeh Seyyed Ibrahim Mirshaah Jafari

The main goal of the present research is to study religious extremism and the role of Islamic education in controlling it.  This type of research classifies in qualitative and in the sub – field of interpretative – structuralism paradigm from philosophy More

The main goal of the present research is to study religious extremism and the role of Islamic education in controlling it.  This type of research classifies in qualitative and in the sub – field of interpretative – structuralism paradigm from philosophy and paradigm viewpoint. The method of the research is qualitative content analysis (librarian). The statistical population includes existing related researches and documents in scientific websites. Statistical sample is continued to achieve theoretical saturation and finding religious extremism issues. Tools of research are all documents and deeds which are related to religious extremism and guidance of applying religious learnings in forming extremism (by taking notes). Thematic analysis is the analytical method of this research. The desirable education elements are compiled by analyzing related contexts by inductive reasoning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - Review and analysis of comparative literature researches in Lasan Mobin
alireza Hosseini

10.30495/cls.2023.1987291.1421

Comparative literature is one of the branches of literary criticism that talks about the literary relations of nations, emotions and feelings, different languages, and the interaction between the literatures of nations. The aim of the research is meta-analysis of compar More

Comparative literature is one of the branches of literary criticism that talks about the literary relations of nations, emotions and feelings, different languages, and the interaction between the literatures of nations. The aim of the research is meta-analysis of comparative literature articles to present, summarize and categorize the findings of the latest scientific efforts related to the subject and examine the components used in these studies. The results of this research show that most of the selected articles include topics related to the general principles of comparative literature such as methodology, goals, foundations, schools of comparative literature, analysis of comparative literature in Iran and the world, what comparative literature is, symbolism, styles. and literary currents, comparative linguistics, Persian and Arabic comparative studies. The most important components of comparative literature studies in the articles mentioned in terms of the general principles of comparative literature include the schools of comparative literature and the comparison between Persian and Arabic. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - A Study of Intellectual Movements of Corporate Social Responsibility in Iran's Accounting Journals (2016-2020)
Yaser Sadeghi Mojgan Safa

Purpose: Recognition of different aspects of corporate social responsibility is increasingly important. Therefore, knowing previously researched issues in this regard is considered as an unavoidable necessity for future studies. The main purpose of the present study is More

Purpose: Recognition of different aspects of corporate social responsibility is increasingly important. Therefore, knowing previously researched issues in this regard is considered as an unavoidable necessity for future studies. The main purpose of the present study is to review the content of published scientific papers in this term, gain more knowledge about social responsibility, and find out the research gaps in this regard.Method: In the present research, content analysis, that is a qualitative method to analyze and identify previous research works during a five-year period from 2016 to 2020, was used. Ultimately, among 2372 scientific papers published in this regard, 68 articles in 16 specialized accounting journals with the keyword of social responsibility were chosen for analysis.Findings: The results showed that 38 articles out of 68 ones under review have dealt with economic impacts of social responsibility on corporate financial performance. Although the number of articles published in terms of the social aspect of this issue is less than those about economic aspects, the former with 12 subcategories has a more extensive thematic range compared to the latter. The percentage of social responsibility studies compared to all published articles is 2.87%. The main application of the findings in this paper is classification of the previously conducted research articles that is useful to find the gaps in terms of corporate social responsibility.Conclusion: Despite proved positive impacts of corporate social responsibility on the betterment of financial and non-financial performance of organizations in many internal and external research studies, lack of a unified standard for to report social responsibility on the one hand, and arbitrary behavior of directors to report social and environmental activities on the other hand, have made the information in this term less sufficient and as a result, research about social responsibility faces some challenges.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - The Coping Styles of Betrayed Women:A Qualitative Study
maryam tavallaei Mohammad Hossein fallah Ronak Ashghi nogorani Seyed Alireza Afshani

10.30486/jsrp.2018.545638

The purpose of this research was to study the coping styles of betrayed women in a qualitative way. This study employed a qualitative approach along with the phenomenology method. The sample consisted of 20 women between 22-57 years old who confered on Isfahan counselin More

The purpose of this research was to study the coping styles of betrayed women in a qualitative way. This study employed a qualitative approach along with the phenomenology method. The sample consisted of 20 women between 22-57 years old who confered on Isfahan counseling centers in late third quarter of 1396 and early four months of 1397 and selected through purposive sampling and were investigated by a semi-structured interview. To analyze the data, open, axial and selective coding was used. analysis resulted in 3 main themes of coping styles: inflexible, inactive, active. For each of themes, three subthemes were created including inflexible(anxiety, ruminative and comparative), inactive(avoiding, submitting and distracting) and active(supporting, participatory and agreementory). The results showed that the coping styles do not experience similarly by all betrayed women. Some factors such as how revealing infidelity, the quality of marital relationships, religious beliefs, social and family supports and existence of children had an important effect on coping styles. Given the fact that the findings have been elicited out of a native study, they may play a vital role in developing the intervention packages. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - effectiveness of a training program related to successful marriage over marital conflicts based on indigenous qualitative research
zeinab salari zare Mahmood Goudarzi farzad zandi parviz karimisani

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1892866.2302

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training program related to successful marriage over marital conflicts based on indigenous qualitative research. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, design. By using convenience sampling More

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a training program related to successful marriage over marital conflicts based on indigenous qualitative research. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, design. By using convenience sampling and Selected as 30 Couple sample in two experimental(15 Couple) and control (15 Couple) groups, the statistical population of the study were all conflicting couples referred to Gorgan city counseling centers in 2019. Then, the marital conflict questionnaire (Sanaei, 2008) was performed on them. Once in a week for two months, eight (90 minute) individual sessions of training based on indigenous qualitative research related to successful marriage were held, and no training was performed for the control group. Then, the post-test was performed on both groups. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) between these two groups in the marital conflict variable and the Mean in the experimental group was lower than the control group. In this way, the compiled educational program related to successful marriage based on indigenous qualitative research can be effective in reducing marital conflicts between couples who go to the counseling centers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - A Multi-Qualitative Approach to Students' Sleep Disorders at Corona Epidemic
Mehdi Mohammadi Reza Naseri Jahromi Fatemeh Mirghafari maryam Seidi Solmaz Khademi Faeze Rosta Foruzan Taheri

10.30486/jsrp.2021.1922771.2844

The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting students' sleep disorders in corona pandemic. This research is a qualitative multi-method and has been done using two meta-synthesis and phenomenological quality designs. In meta-synthesis; the analysis was bas More

The aim of this study was to identify the factors affecting students' sleep disorders in corona pandemic. This research is a qualitative multi-method and has been done using two meta-synthesis and phenomenological quality designs. In meta-synthesis; the analysis was based on the six-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso 21 related research sources. In phenomenology; based on Colaizzi's seven-stage model, the necessary information was collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 graduate students of Shiraz University and analyzed using content analysis method. The validity of the data was verified using the techniques of verifiability (researchers' self-review), reliability (accurate guidance of data collection flow) and data alignment. The results showed that the factors affecting students' sleep disorders in corona pandemic can be classified into four main themes: social interactions, mental health, physical activity and educational activities. Due to the high impact of regular sleep patterns on students' academic future, the improvement and development of educational programs and counseling in the complementary view of culture building and coexistence in virtual education is of special interest. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - Self- harm Behavior Affected by Mentalization and Family Relationships in high school Girl's Adolescents 14-18 years old (Qualitative Research)
fariba karimi kiiumars farahbakhsh abdoallah moatamedi Hossein Salimi

10.30486/jsrp.2019.582144.1633

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self-harm behavior caused by the state of mentalization and family relationships in adolescent girls in the city of Avan. The study was conducted using qualitative method and grounded theory of the theory with sem More

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self-harm behavior caused by the state of mentalization and family relationships in adolescent girls in the city of Avan. The study was conducted using qualitative method and grounded theory of the theory with semi-structured interviews. The survey was performed on 9 adolescents 14-18 years old with self-harm behavior that were selected using purposeful sampling method.Based on the findings, a set of factors such as vulnerable emotions, auto-mentality, stress and irritability, weakness in emotional management, tendency to relieve and calm, intentionality, low flexibility, and signs of depression have played a role in self-harm. Also, factors such as lack of intimacy, independence, security, confidence, empathy, support and understanding between the parents and the child have created self-harm. both of which are components of mentalization. The most important consequences are patterning for peers, academic failure, the occurrence of mental and physical problems, the field of escape from home and the field of suicide attempt.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - Pathological study of the impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parental and marital relationships of couples: A qualitative study
Ebrahim Mohammadi hassan khoshakhlagh elahe Jalali

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1899869.2474

The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2 More

The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitativestudy to impact of virtual networks and the Internet on parenting and marital relationships. The research method was of qualitative phenomenological method and statistical population of Isfahan couples in the year 2019, were selected by Snowball sampling method . The research tool was a semi-structured interview that the sample reached saturated with 14 people (seven couples) In during the work, interviews recording and implementation and 1793 important phrases were coded and analyzed with Colaizzi analysis method. The problems of marriage and parenting related to virtual networks on a class (communication and marital problems), 3 categories (communication and emotional problems with children, extramarital relations and disruption of marital relations) and 16 conceptual codes were placed. The results showed that improper use caused communication and emotional problems with children, including "neglect of the child, children's complaints, behavioral and emotional problems"; Extramarital relationships include "seeking diversity and entitlement, mistrust, structural change and marital boundaries and virtual seduction." Disruption of marital relationships includes "sexual problems, marital burnout, emotional coldness, and behavioral-emotional problems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - Investigate the method of marriage counseling with marriage counseling experts and provide an expert-centered premarital counseling model
Somayeh Kavehei Zahra Yousefi Hajar Torkan

10.30486/jsrp.2021.1890869.2252

The purpose of the present study was to develop a marriage counseling model based on the trend and content of marriage counseling based on the opinion of marriage counseling experts.The research was qualitative and thematic analysis. The study population included all ex More

The purpose of the present study was to develop a marriage counseling model based on the trend and content of marriage counseling based on the opinion of marriage counseling experts.The research was qualitative and thematic analysis. The study population included all experts in marriage counseling. The method of selecting participants was purposive among the marriage counselors were renowned counselors of this specialty. The criterion of the number of participants was based on the principle of saturation. The method of data collection was semi-structured interview, which included questions related to the experience of counseling before marriage. The results of the content analysis (Clark & Braun, 2006) showed that expert-centered marriage counseling consisted of six main categories: cognition, skills, requirements, boundary shaping, power and control regulation, and intimacy. Based on the results it can be concluded that the expert marriage counseling model is a comprehensive model of used in marriage counseling. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - Transitivity Processes in Quantitative Versus Qualitative Applied Linguistics Research Articles' Discussions
Marzieh Bagherkazemi Zahra Dehini Maryam Jalali Moghaddam Bita Ghalandar-Zehi

10.30486/relp.2022.1954435.1369

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Analysis of teachers' views about the problems of project descriptive qualitative evaluation in multigrade classrooms and providing solutions to eliminate them
Heshmatollah Mortazavizadeh Mohammad Reza nilli Ahmad Reza Nasr Isfahani Mohammad Hasani

10.30486/jsre.2018.542520

This research aimed to identify barriers of descriptive qualitative evaluation and improvement of this plan was multigrade classrooms. This study employed Qualitative research methods and purpose the can be considered as an applied method. The study employed teachers fr More

This research aimed to identify barriers of descriptive qualitative evaluation and improvement of this plan was multigrade classrooms. This study employed Qualitative research methods and purpose the can be considered as an applied method. The study employed teachers from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer province. The samples were selected purposively and was according to saturation reached up to 20 people. The data collection instrumentation was interview hat After presenting the the research objectives and the emphasis on the principle of confidentiality, was written and recorded interviews with each teacher. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze collected the data and the findings were elaborated in detail. The results found that: lack of time, different grades in a classroom, preference of quantitative evaluation than descriptive qualitative, lack of descriptive quantitative in education and lack of supports for teachers in the field of project evaluation, students distraction while evaluation, lack of space, educational materials, included the most important problems of the. quality-descriptive report on the issue from the interviewees perspective had been multigrade classrooms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Uncovering the hidden curriculum of supervisors\' selection in a Faculty of Mathematics: A qualitative study
Saeid Safaei Movahhed Mohammad Attaran

Hidden curriculum in higher education may be defined as a set of unstated rules which are necessary for completing the formal education successfully. Conducting a dissertation is one of the most important dimensions of postgraduate studies which owns exclusive dynamics More

Hidden curriculum in higher education may be defined as a set of unstated rules which are necessary for completing the formal education successfully. Conducting a dissertation is one of the most important dimensions of postgraduate studies which owns exclusive dynamics and plays a vital part in shaping the hidden curriculum. Considering these exclusive dynamics of research supervision process, I have tried to uncover the hidden norms which influence the postgraduate students of a Mathematics Faculty, when they decide to choose their supervisor. This study is conducted within the qualitative framework, using phenomenology as the method. To collect the needed narrative data, I applied semi-structured interviews, in addition to data extracted from informal talks with the informants. Thus, 9 M.A students from the Faculty of Mathematics were selected using purposeful sampling and the collected data were analyzed and classified by content analysis method. Based on the results, the influential norms can be listed as follow: research supervision style, supervisors' scientific traits, supervisors' personality traits, non-academic norms, limitations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Reflection on the barriers to critical thinking in the curriculum of secondary education
وحیده علی پور مریم سیف نراقی عزت اله نادری علی شریعتمداری

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated More

The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated through the deep interviews. 18 experts (educationalists) were chosen as the cases for study through biased sampling. For the quantitative episode, 97 curriculum development experts and 375 high school teachers in Tehran completed a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The qualitative results were concluded to a total of 27 primary concepts and seven main issues. The quantitative results were revealed that developing critical thinking in high school associated with some barriers, such as low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - The Study of the feedback of the Teachers, Administering the descriptive-quantitative evaluation
علی انتهائی آرانی محمد حسنی عباس شکاری

Considering the Aran and Biddgol elementary schools, this study is conducted with the aim of recognizing the teachers’ awareness about the concept of descriptive- quantitative feedback and, hence, applying that in the classroom .The method of study is of qualitati More

Considering the Aran and Biddgol elementary schools, this study is conducted with the aim of recognizing the teachers’ awareness about the concept of descriptive- quantitative feedback and, hence, applying that in the classroom .The method of study is of qualitative and phenomenological one. Semi-structural interview, observation, and content analysis were the tools by means of which data were collected. Considering the phenomenological method, Thirty two teachers, for the interview, and ten classrooms, for the observation, were selected. Based on the 100 samples of the teachersʹ writing feedbacks, as the third angle of this triangle, the researchers did content analysis.The findings showed that majority of the intended teachers (66%) were fully aware of the concept of the feedback and a few of them (18%)did not understand this concept perfectly and a limited number of them (16%) had no idea about what and how the concept of feedback was. The findings show that different sorts of feedback had been used by the teachers as: emotional, individual-speaking, group- speaking, and writing feedbacks. The content analysis of writing feedbacks, also, showed that the teachers mainly used the quantitative, descriptive, and encouraging feedbacks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Analysis of Educational ideas of Farabi, the Founder of Islamic Philosophy
Marzieh Eslamian Narges Keshti aray Sayed Hashem Golestani

Education has always been one of the greatest philosophical issues ever discussed. Among the great philosophers of education, there are ones who have comprehensively considered impression, objectives, principles, methods and the necessity of this important process. One More

Education has always been one of the greatest philosophical issues ever discussed. Among the great philosophers of education, there are ones who have comprehensively considered impression, objectives, principles, methods and the necessity of this important process. One of these great philosophers is Farabi who is named the second teacher and known as the father of Islamic philosophy. This study reviews and compares his educational views and opinions. To achieve this important goal, the research method of qualitative content analysis has been used. Information was collected by using a library method and then was analyzed through applying the inductive categorization system. Results indicate that Farabi considers the purpose of creation to achieve perfection and bliss. Bliss is not possible unless through acquisition of excellences education. Consequently, this great mentor regards the education as an essential core issue and in the process of educating the people. He considers an important role for both the society's and the humankind’s will and choice. In addition, Farabi believes that the human's soul and sprit should be directed to cognition of truth and beauty, so they view the ultimate purpose of education in gaining the good idea and knowing the God. In connection with the educational implications, the viewpoint of this teacher is that he believes education goals including physical, chimerical, moral, intellectual and social objectives... From Farabi viewpoint, the course content directs the human towards cognition of God, closeness to God, trust in him, follow his instructions and then leads to cognition of the human himself as the God's creature and caused. On the teaching approach, Farabi focuses on the two persuasive and argumentative methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - The Comparison of Effect of Qualitative Descriptive Evaluation on Decreasing Anxiety and Improving self Confidence of Primary School Student in Descriptive Evaluation With Traditional School
یوسف نامور اعظم راستگو عباس ابوالقاسمی سعید سیف درخشنده

Qualitative descriptive evaluation is one of Education Ministry programs that implement in order to improve the evaluation manner of educational system. The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation on student’s More

Qualitative descriptive evaluation is one of Education Ministry programs that implement in order to improve the evaluation manner of educational system. The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation on student’s anxiety and self-confidence in Ardabil Province on the 88-89. Research method was Causal-comparative. Population were three and four grade primary students of qualitative descriptive evaluation schools that include 508 students. All of these school students were selected as a sample and students in school of traditional evaluation were selected in purposefully way. One school of traditional evaluation were selected against one school of descriptive evaluation. Descriptive schools students sample were 508 people and traditional school students were 491 people. Required data of students were collected through self confidence and anxiety questionnaires, their reliability by alpha cronbach were 0.73 and 0.85. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that the qualitative descriptive evaluation have more effect on students self-confidence and reducing anxiety than traditional evaluation. According to the results of this research implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation with fixes some shortcomings recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - Explanation of the components of the curriculum based on the educational approaches of Plato and Farabi
Marzieh Eslamyan Narges Keshtiaray

Curriculum is one of the youngest domains of human knowledge. Definition of its limits and boundaries has been followed by many ups and downs. One of the basic foundations of curriculum is its philosophical foundations, which is like a guide light in response to the que More

Curriculum is one of the youngest domains of human knowledge. Definition of its limits and boundaries has been followed by many ups and downs. One of the basic foundations of curriculum is its philosophical foundations, which is like a guide light in response to the questions of ontology, epistemology and axiology. Among the great philosophers of education, there are ones who have comprehensively considered impression, objectives, principles, methods and the necessity of this important process. One of these great philosophers is Plato, the father of West's philosophy, and the other one is Farabi who is called the second teacher, as the father of Islamic philosophy. This study reviewed their educational approaches and opinions to define the components of curriculum. In order to achieve this important goal, the research method of qualitative content analysis has been used. Information collected using a library method and then analyzed through applying the inductive categorization system. The obtained results indicated that both of Farabi and Plato believed in education goals including physical, chimerical, moral, intellectual and social objectives. Plato's lesson contents are as follows: habituate children to play, develop physical strengths, literacy training, military training and teaching philosophy, literary material and dialectics. Farabi focuses on the content that directs the man towards cognition of the God, trust and following up the instructions and then leading to cognition of the man himself as the God's creature. According to Plato, the dialogue approach is the most important teaching method. Farabi focuses on the two persuasive and argumentative methods on teaching approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - Investigating the Implementation Barriers of the Fundamental Evolution Education Document Based on the Fullan Model:Case study of the field of aesthetic and artistic education
Fatemeh Sadat Bitarafan Marjan Sojoodi marziye dehghani

10.30486/jsre.2020.1884437.1515

The main purpose of this study is to identify the administrative barriers in the field of aesthetic and artistic education of the Fundamental Evolution Document in education, based on the Fullan model (2007). The field of artistic education has been forgotten and neglec More

The main purpose of this study is to identify the administrative barriers in the field of aesthetic and artistic education of the Fundamental Evolution Document in education, based on the Fullan model (2007). The field of artistic education has been forgotten and neglected, despite the tremendous impact it can have on morale and, consequently, on the learning of learners and even their educators.This research project is the "combined" type (simultaneous test). The study population included two independent groups of curriculum and education specialists (in the qualitative section) as well as primary school teachers (in the quantitative section). The sample size includes 12 curriculum and education specialists and 120 primary school teachers .The sampling method in the first part (qualitative) is theoretical and purposeful method and its tools include semi-constructed and unstructured interview and in the second part (quantitative) it is "purposeful and preferable" and the research tool includes a 30 questions researcher-made questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis involves the Wilcoxon single-sample and Friedman tests to rank the Barriers to the implementation of the Fundamental Evolution Document based on the components of the Fullen model. Qualitative data analysis was also performed using the seven-step )Colaizzi, 1987) method. The results of the study confirm the gap between the designers of the Evolution Document and its implementers in schools, which, in addition to other existing administrative barriers,contributes to the inefficiency of the Fundamental Evolution Document in the implementation phase. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - Identification of sexual education curriculum in the education system Iran
zohreh ghalavand parvin samadi parvin ahmadi Narges Keshtiaray

10.30486/jsre.2021.1886147.1533

Sexual education is one of the most complex and sensitive areas of education. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the position of the country's high school sexual orientation curriculum in recent decades. This research employed a qualitative synthes More

Sexual education is one of the most complex and sensitive areas of education. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the position of the country's high school sexual orientation curriculum in recent decades. This research employed a qualitative synthesis approach. The corpus of this study consisted of all scientific articles published(magiran, sid, normags, etc ) about the implementation of Sexual education. From this corpus 268 papers were identified through constant searching of the scientific data bases and a total of 36 articles were selected for the final analysis. A researcher- made worksheet form was used for the purpose of reporting and submitting information. The obtained data were analyzed through six-step model for meta-synthesis Robert using Open and axial coding techniques. Findings synthesis indicate that the four themes of the double-edged sword are the concept of sexuality, threats – opportunities for sexuality education, sex education and culture in sexuality The results indicated that the sex education curriculum is a silent curriculum that can be clarified by policy makers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Designing a Theoretical Framework for Sexual Ethics Curriculum: A Qualitative Research
sousan Balali mahboubeh soleimanporomran roya afrasyabi behrang esmaeeili shad

10.30486/jsre.2021.1928367.1889

Sexual ethics has always been one of the concerns of parents, educators, researchers and educators, because if the healthy educational growth of individuals, the grounds for creating growth in society will be realized. Based on this, the present study was conducted with More

Sexual ethics has always been one of the concerns of parents, educators, researchers and educators, because if the healthy educational growth of individuals, the grounds for creating growth in society will be realized. Based on this, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of sexual ethics curriculum for the second year of high school. Qualitative research design and in particular qualitative case study. The study area of this research was the theoretical foundations and views of experts, specialists and experts, managers and deputies and faculty members of the departments of educational sciences and ethics of Khorasan Razavi Free Universities. Based on purposive sampling method, individuals who had expertise, teaching and experience in this field and submitted papers were subjected to semi-structured interviews. The validity and reliability of the obtained information were measured and the curriculum model was extracted in the form of a network of suggested topics and elements related to the curriculum. The proposed model in the field of sexual ethics curriculum model in the second secondary school includes 4 factors: objectives, content, teaching-learning methods and evaluation methods.. Manuscript profile

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89 - Concept Analysis of Digital Competency in General Education
Hassan Hazarkhani Fatemeh zahra Ahmadi Minoo Ayatollahi

10.30486/JSRE.2023.901129.2366

Students will benefit from digital world and minimize its threats if they are equipped with digital competency. Digital competency is a loose concept and its meanings vary based on different users. The utilization of poorly defined concepts in the field of general educa More

Students will benefit from digital world and minimize its threats if they are equipped with digital competency. Digital competency is a loose concept and its meanings vary based on different users. The utilization of poorly defined concepts in the field of general education will result in questionable of the usage. This research aimed to identify the dimensions and sub-dimensions of this concept in general education students. It was conducted with a qualitative approach and multiple case study method. Six internationally recognized frameworks related to the competencies of students in the field of technology were selected and analyzed. The findings showed that a digitally competent student demonstrates five dimensions: managing access to digital content, information, and knowledge; interactive use of knowledge, information, and technology; producing digital content; Improving the health and safety of oneself and others in the digital world; and a critical engagement with the digital world. Manuscript profile

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90 - Improving Image Quality Based on Feature Extraction and Gaussian Model
Alireza Alirezaei Shahraki Mehran Emadi

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91 - Molecular detection of coronavirus causing infectious bronchitis in laying hens with cystic oviduct and quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production
Maryam Jalahi Majid Gholami-Ahangarn

Background and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a health More

Background and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a healthy appearance were sampled. In addition, 6 farms with cystic oviduct were sampled in laying flocks, in Isfahan province. After extracting the genome, a fragment of 1200 bp of coronavirus S1 gene was amplified for identification of IB.Results: Out of 9 laying farms with quantitative and qualitative egg reduction syndrome and 10 apparently healthy farms, respectively 7 and 4 farms (78 and 40%) were infected with IB coronavirus based at least one positive sample. Out of 59 samples from farms with egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome, 32 samples (54.2%) and out of 66 samples taken from apparently healthy farms, 7 samples (10.6%) were evaluated positive for IB coronavirus. In this study, all 6 farms with cystic oviduct had at least one positive sample for IB coronavirus and 31 samples out of 41 samples (73.17%) infected with IB coronavirus.Conclusion: IB coronavirus has a high share in the syndrome of quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production in laying hens, but not all cases can be attributed to this virus and other infectious and non-infectious factors should be monitored. Due to the high frequency of this virus in cystic oviduct, it is necessary to identify the viral types that induce this disorder and to develop an appropriate control program. Manuscript profile

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92 - Identifying the Challenges and Discussing about Current Situation of the Iranian Pharmaceutical Industry Based on a Systematic Analysis of Experts Opinion
Abdollah Jassbi Mostafa Jafari Mohammad Mahdavi Mazdeh Mansour Maleki

10.30495/jsm.2021.1931181.1478

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93 - Presenting a Model of Product Development Process Management in Gas Refining Company
Hooman Keshavarzi Seyedjavad Iranban Moqaddaseh Mohammadian

10.30495/jsm.2021.1933186.1488

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94 - Factors Influencing the Formation of Organic Services Marketing in Tourism Industry
Hamidreza Dehghani Samad Aali Alireza Bafandehzendeh

10.30495/jsm.2021.1931674.1481

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95 - Subjectivity Reduction of Qualitative Approach in Information Security Risk Analysis
Alireza TamjidYamcholo Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy

10.30495/jsm.2022.1945866.1578

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96 - Qualitative Assessment; Design Of Children's Educational Spaces With The Mosaic Approach (Consistent With The Taylor Educational Model)
Manizheh Eskandari Fahimeh Motazedian Ahmad Mirza Kouchak Khoshnevis

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97 - Qualitative Investigating Of Effective Factors on Adjustment during Post-Divorce Situation among Divorced Women (Phenomenological Study)
Masome Esmaeili Mina AkhondiDarzi Somayeh Kazemain

This qualitative study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting adjustment during post-divorce period. Statistical population of this study included those women who spent more than 3 years after divorce. Among them, purposive sampling was processed till the sa More

This qualitative study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting adjustment during post-divorce period. Statistical population of this study included those women who spent more than 3 years after divorce. Among them, purposive sampling was processed till the saturated conditions (15 adjusted women and 15 unadjusted women). The research implemented a semi-structured interview for gathering necessary information. After analyzing the content of interviews and final coding, two main indicators were extracted: internal and external factors affecting the adjustment with post-divorce conditions, and internal and external factors affecting incompatibility with post-divorce conditions. Result showed that internal factors included relying on self-ability, being aware of self-worth, hardiness and resilience, positive thinking, solving unfavorable past and focusing on favorable present and future making, doing favorite activities, believe in being and supporting a superior existence, mental wealth, efforts to improve the financial condition and having the life skills. External factors included presence and consent of the presence of child, wise use of available support resources and wise use of organizational support resources. Manuscript profile

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98 - Qualitative Meta-Analysis of Conducted Research on Verse 34 of Surah An-Nisa
Fatemeh Hajiakbari Sayed Mahdi Rahmati

The purpose of this research was the qualitative meta-analysis of the conducted researches on the verse 34 of Surah Nisa (chapter of women in the Holy Qur'an). The research universe included the scientific research articles published in the mentioned verse from 2001 to More

The purpose of this research was the qualitative meta-analysis of the conducted researches on the verse 34 of Surah Nisa (chapter of women in the Holy Qur'an). The research universe included the scientific research articles published in the mentioned verse from 2001 to 2018. The under investigation sample subsumed thirty-three selected research papers from different journals. The research was designed as descriptive- analytical qualitative meta-analysis. To collect data, first, the scientific research articles in the keywords related subject concerning the verse 34 of Surah Nisa , such as striking the women and the men ascendancy were searched and selected in Normagz, Alamnet, and Jama'i Enssani websites. Then the data were extracted. The results showed that most of the selected articles focused on the meaning of the male ascendancy. The most important components of the studies in the scope of verse 34 of Surah Nisa were in terms of the general principles regarding the meaning of striking, the conditions and way of doing it and its necessity or permissibility, the meaning and scope of the “neshuz”, the cultural and social conditions of the commentators in the perception of the verse and or the social historical contexts of the coming down from high on the Holy Qur'an mentioned verse era. The dispersion of the studies also showed that in the years 2015 and 2018 five articles were published apartly concerning the verse 34 of Nisa Sureh; which was the most frequent compared to other years in the statistical universe of the research. Manuscript profile

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99 - A Qualitative Study Of The Phenomenon Of Women Addiction To Shopping
Akram Hobbi Bahman Mohammadbakhsh

The aim of this study was to investigate the individual, psychological, economic, social, and cultural factors affecting the women to shopping addiction.The general approach of the research was a qualitative approach, based on the experimental phenomenology and implying More

The aim of this study was to investigate the individual, psychological, economic, social, and cultural factors affecting the women to shopping addiction.The general approach of the research was a qualitative approach, based on the experimental phenomenology and implying the lived experience research tradition through the process of deep interview. In this regard, via using the purposive (judgmental) sampling method, the experiences of 15 women were collected and analyzed through the three-step; open, axial and selective coding process. The results were presented in causal, contextual, interventionist, and strategic conditions of classification and its consequences. The findings indicated that the present conditions such as anxiety and depression, emotion-seeking, negative emotions, failure in different parts of life, self-anger, tendency to prove superiority, overemphasis on others' views, hopelessness An unpleasant impression of appearance, thirst for shopping, and so on, if left unchecked, could lead to addiction to shopping and have consequences for the individual and those around him. Manuscript profile

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100 - Analyzing the Economic Ownership Challenges of Employed Married Women with a Qualitative Approach
Arezu Ghafoori Saideh Sharif Mohamad Mahdi Shariat Bagheri

The aim of the study was to analyze the economic ownership challenges of employed married women with a qualitative approach. The statistical population included all employed married women. The research sample was 20 employed married women who were selected through purpo More

The aim of the study was to analyze the economic ownership challenges of employed married women with a qualitative approach. The statistical population included all employed married women. The research sample was 20 employed married women who were selected through purposive sampling procedure and interviewed using the standardized open-ended interview. After interviewing the 15th person, data saturation was achieved. The qualitative research design was carried out based on grounded theory and relying on Glazer's design. For data analysis, the substantive coding and theoretical coding method was implemented and in order to increase the accuracy of data analysis, MAXQDA version 12 was used. By evaluating the coherence between the categories with the nuclear category it was determine that among the Glasers 18 theoretical coding families, the Six C's family was more appropriate, and therefore the analysis conducted based on it. In the middle ground theory, the "marginal demands" as a core phenomenon and ten other categories including "economic conditions", " want it all " , "responsibility", "seduction", "neglect", " belong to", "spiritual intelligence"," inevitability", " economic distrust " and "cultural context", were identified; which their relationship were explained in the form of propositions and the visual model. Also, the findings showed that spiritual factors have the greatest impact on family transcendence. Spirituality is a dimension of every person's life that, if developed, gives a person the ability to go beyond the natural laws and usual orders of life and motivates a person to find meaning and purpose, especially in critical situations. Manuscript profile

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101 - Assess Effect of Copper Foliar Application at Different Growth Stages on Protein Yield and Crop Production of Cowpea under Warm and Dry Climate Condition
Shahram Ashabi Mohamad Reza Dadnia

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102 - Evaluation Effect of Different level of Nitrogen and Cutting Height on Morphological Traits, Seed Protein Content and Prussic Acid Concentration of Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L., cv. Speed feed)
Zahra Gholiporkahyash Mojtaba Alavifazel Mohamad Reza Dadnia

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103 - Evaluation Crop Production, Nitrogen Content and Oil yield of Corn in Affected Vermicompost and Iron Nano Fertilizer
Najmeh Razmandeh saeid zakernejad Khoshnaz Payandeh

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104 - Evaluation Effect of Spray Micronutrient Elements (Mn, Zn) on Seed Yields, Its Components and Protein Percentage of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Sara Madeh Khaksar Shahram Lack

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105 - Determine Correlation between Traits and Regression of Bread Wheat Affected Different Level of Combination Chemical and Biological Fertilizer and Several Type of Application Fertilizer
Zhaleh Ahmadi

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106 - Adolescents' experiences of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic (a qualitative phenomenological study)
fariba sheikhsoveini maryam gholamzadeh jofreh Regar MohammadI

10.30495/iifs.2023.2001078.1103

Introduction: Adolescence is one of the most vulnerable developmental periods. Purpose: This research aims to explain the general structure of the phenomenon of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic in the context of the family, to understand and understand the More

Introduction: Adolescence is one of the most vulnerable developmental periods. Purpose: This research aims to explain the general structure of the phenomenon of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic in the context of the family, to understand and understand the lived experience of adolescents in the covid-19 epidemic. Method: This research was conducted using a qualitative phenomenological method. The research community was made up of adolescents who were victims of domestic violence who referred to the counseling center located in Ahvaz city from 1399 to 1400. The data were collected by in-depth semi-structured interview and analyzed by Collaizi's method. Findings: Data analysis led to the formation of 4 main themes and 10 sub-themes. The main themes are "aggravating factors of domestic violence", "experienced forms of violence", "damages caused by domestic violence" and finally "Adolescents' reaction to violence". The results showed that the restrictions caused by Corona's imprisonment, non-attendance of education were factors that aggravated domestic violence in these era.The forms of violence experienced by the participants were verbal and physical. Raiding, scolding, teasing, humiliating, threatening, yelling were among the most frequent verbal violence experienced by adolescents. All the participants in this research experienced verbal violence and almost 40% of them experienced physical violence. Violence in all its forms has led to the physical and mental vulnerability of adolescents. Conclusion: Among the most important coping strategies used by the participants, we can refer to: taking refuge in religion and spirituality, seeking help from experts and looking for new hobbies.Extended AbstractIntroductionCrises and catastrophic events, including epidemics, have always been accompanied by an increase in interpersonal violence. In a situation where families are in quarantine and the economic crisis increases family stress, teenagers are more vulnerable to violence than ever .Experiences of violence during adolescence can have long-term harmful effects in adolescence and can have negative intergenerational effects, which emphasizes the need for special knowledge of adolescents about the epidemic .This research was conducted to answer the question of how teenagers experienced violence during the stressful time of the pandemic.MethodologyThis research is a type of qualitative study that was done by phenomenological method. The statistical population of this research was selected from all adolescents who experienced violence during this period. A total of 10 participant aged between 10 and 22 were interviewed. The samples were analyzed as deeply as possible through semi-structured interviews, and their interviews were analyzed using the seven-step Collaizi method, and concepts and codes were extracted.Results and discussionThe demographic characteristics of the samples are shown in the following table:table 1: demographic characteristics of the samplesAccording to the participants' experience, the findings of this research have provided a clear understanding of the aggravating factors of violence during the pandemic.The participants considered the closing of schools and the new and challenging experience of non-attendance education as one of the important factors that aggravate violence. The participants considered the most violence related to online education to be lack of concentration, boredom, lack of competition, loss of motivation to learn, lack of control over the use of phones and pornographic sites. Another factor aggravating violence that was extracted from the participants' data was related to house arrest due to the spread of Covid-19. The long-term presence of family members at home, the elimination of family and friendly entertainments and gatherings, becoming more sensitive to deficiencies and minor assaults, have greatly increased the level of aggression.LimitationsThe samples were from one city (Ahvaz) and maybe the results cannot be generalized to all adolescents of Iranian . Another limitation is related to the subject of the research, that due to the sensitivity of the issue of violence and shame caused by committing violence or being a victim of violence, more time was spent to build trust, this issue was more severe for sexual violence.AcknowledgementsI thank all the teenagers who shared their experiences.FundingThis research was related to the doctoral thesis and was carried out at personal expense. No financial aid was received in this regard.Ethics approval and consent to participateParticipants gave informed consent to participate in this research. Regarding the secrecy and confidentiality of the participants' information, they were assured at all stages of the research.Conflict interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile

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107 - پهنه ‌بندی کیفی رودخانه‌های کارون، دز و کرخه با استفاده از شاخص‌های کیفی آب
مرجان سالاری حیدر زارعی فریدون وفایی مجتبی زارع صفت

رودخانه‌ها به عنوان یکی از منابع اساسی تأمین آب برای مصارف گوناگون از جمله کشاورزی، شرب و صنعت مطرح می‌باشند. از این‌رو پایش کیفیت این منابع با توجه به خشکسالی‌های اخیر و توسعه شهری و روستایی یکی از وظایف مهم در حیطه مدیریت محیط زیست محسوب‌ می‌گردد. در این مطالعه نمونه‌ More

رودخانه‌ها به عنوان یکی از منابع اساسی تأمین آب برای مصارف گوناگون از جمله کشاورزی، شرب و صنعت مطرح می‌باشند. از این‌رو پایش کیفیت این منابع با توجه به خشکسالی‌های اخیر و توسعه شهری و روستایی یکی از وظایف مهم در حیطه مدیریت محیط زیست محسوب‌ می‌گردد. در این مطالعه نمونه‌گیری به صورت فصلی از نه ایستگاه رودخانه‌های کارون، دز و کرخه در یک بازه زمانی یکساله از مهر ماه 1389 تا شهریور ماه1390مصادف با فصول گرم و سرد انجام گردید. پارامترهائی نظیر درجه حرارت، هدایت الکتریکی، اکسیژن محلول، pH، کدورت، BOD و COD به همراه غلظت آنیون‌ها و کاتیون‌ها اصلی و پارامترهای میکروبی اندازه‌گیری گردید. داده‌های حاصل از مطالعه با استفاده از شاخص ملی کیفیت NSFWQI، کمیسیون کنترل آلودگی هند، نسبت یونی و شاخص ویلکاکس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. آنالیز پارامترهای اندازه گیری شده با توجه به شاخص NSFWQI حاکی از آن است که در هر سه رودخانه شاخص کیفیت کل در شش ماهه اول کمتر از 50 و بیانگر کیفیت بد می‌باشد. همچنین در شش ماهه دوم بیشتر از 50 و بیانگر کیفیت متوسط می‌باشد. طبقه بندی و تعیین کیفیت آب رودخانه با توجه به استاندارد کمیسیون مرکزی کنترل آلودگی هند نیز تقریباً با نتایج حاصل از روش NSFWQI همخوانی دارد. همچنین نتایج نسبت یونی نشان داد حداکثر غلظت مربوط به یون‌های کاتیون سدیم- منیزیم و حداقل غلظت مربوط به یون آنیون کلر می‌باشد. با توجه به رده‌بندی صورت گرفته بر‌اساس شاخص ویلکاکس، نتیجه حاصله، مطلوب بودن آب مذکور جهت آبیاری در صورت مدیریت کنترل شوری و استفاده از زهکشی مناسب زمین می‌باشد. Manuscript profile

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108 - Test and Validating the Group Model Building with the Reference Model
Ali Haji Gholam Saryazdi Manuchehr Manteghi

In recent years, in system dynamics society has increased attention to qualitative approaches. One method of extracting models of qualitative system dynamics has been many used is a Group Model Building. In this method, clients are involved in the modeling process. Base More

In recent years, in system dynamics society has increased attention to qualitative approaches. One method of extracting models of qualitative system dynamics has been many used is a Group Model Building. In this method, clients are involved in the modeling process. Based on Participants mental models are extracted key structures and latent variables in the system. In this regard, compare the group models with reference models from the literature can be a way to test and evaluate a model. And provide new insights. In this paper we evaluate and compare models of group modeling sessions extracted from the project "Designing Aviation Technology Park" with the reference model derived from the literature review, by using the distance ratio approach of three levels, including the elements, the causal loops and the full model level. As became clear from the results of this approach the MDR = 6.84 which indicates that the model as the reference model and the group models were similar. EDR and LDR values indicate between model elements and the loops level were similar. In conclusion we can say that the model is a valid model and the resulting models are consistent with other studies in the literature. Manuscript profile

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109 - Categorization of new product development using content analysis
Hasan Dehghan Dehnavi Mohammad Nasirian

Many manufacturers are confronted with the challenge of successfully implementing their new product development process. This challenge is generally normal, but there is no definite answer. Because every industrial cluster, every market, every production system, every s More

Many manufacturers are confronted with the challenge of successfully implementing their new product development process. This challenge is generally normal, but there is no definite answer. Because every industrial cluster, every market, every production system, every society and every level has its own particular conditions. Therefore, a specific pattern should be considered for each production set, and perhaps for each unique company. These patterns can be similar in nature and type of elements, but they are completely different in terms of the quality of elements and function. For this purpose, in this paper, the results of identifying the components of new product development, especially in the food industry of Fars province, are presented. This research is a qualitative research of content analysis that initially extracted the measures in the process of development of the new product through comprehensive literature review and then was evaluated and corrected based on the opinion of 11 experts in the form of semi-directed interviews.Then, in a six-step process, content analysis was analyzed using the MAXQDA software using a categorization approach. The results show that the four main factors affecting the development of new products in the food industry are: technical development, conceptual development, market development and resource development. These four components are derived from 13 sub-components, 34 selective codes and finally 73 primary codes. Accordingly, it is recommended that any kind of product development in the food industry of the province, taking into account all aspects of this complex, is made. Manuscript profile

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110 - Development of On-line load balancing algorithm in workshop systems (qualitative study)
Nima Rahmani Alireza Irajpour Naser Hamidi Akbar Alamtabriz Reza Ehtesham Rasi

One of the most important problems at the tactical level is the mass production of different orders, each of which has different priorities according to the production conditions and the importance of customers. The production line consists of several workstations and m More

One of the most important problems at the tactical level is the mass production of different orders, each of which has different priorities according to the production conditions and the importance of customers. The production line consists of several workstations and machines, each in production frequency. They are interconnected and the input is one output. In this case, each machine and process that must produce the product is faced with process and technology limitations in terms of time, volume and weight of each work and physical health of machines, manpower efficiency. This article aims to take into account all the factors affecting the balancing of the production line, which is of particular importance in workshop production planning, and by analyzing the history of solving the problems of the production line and using experts, the component Identify the ones that are effective in planning and scheduling the production line, and using the combined method of Swara and Copras, these effective components add to the balancing algorithm in time in production systems. The results of this study show that the update made in the balancing algorithm during the production line compared to the previous methods has operational capability and quality in results Manuscript profile

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111 - Qualitative Evaluation & Optimal Selection of EPC Contractors in Single Stage Tenders Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP)
Leila Jahangiri Farad Dehdar

The issue of qualitative assessment of EPC contractors in single stage tenders using fuzzy hierarchical analysis method is performing for the first time and the relevant similar researchers lacking the collectivity aspect of choosing EPC contractor. All researchers have More

The issue of qualitative assessment of EPC contractors in single stage tenders using fuzzy hierarchical analysis method is performing for the first time and the relevant similar researchers lacking the collectivity aspect of choosing EPC contractor. All researchers have been done so far, were about single purpose contractors (i.e. executive contractors or suppliers and vendors of project equipment's required), while in this research the qualitative assessment of EPC contractors has been investigated by FAHP method (EPC contractors are those who execute simultaneously the main phases of the project including Engineering, domestic or foreign equipment supply as procurement and constructive and executive activities as construction and end up to utilization of the project within a known timetable and guarantee it for a defined time period). The present research consists of three main parts: 1- data collection of the contractors, 2- comparison of the contractors’ features, 3- a ranking of the contractors. this research has been evaluated the criteria and sub-criteria by utilizing the comments and assessment results outcomes from experts (12 persons) in the selection of EPC contractors and tenders using questionnaire and FAHP method has been implemented for priority factors. Finally, for the sake of reducing computation errors and evaluating time lapse and avoiding numerous calculations by hand, the Expert Choice software has been utilized. Manuscript profile

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112 - A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Master's Theses in Education of Mazandaran province
مریم تقوایی یزدی

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the More

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the qualitative section of the research were the experts of the scientific community and academic specialists and in the quantitative section, all the dissertations of the graduates of the Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch with a total of 3367 dissertations which have been presented in five trends of the Department of Educational Sciences in the academic years of 2011-2020. The sampling method was stratified random.  The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table. Structured interviews (10 questions) were used to collect qualitative data. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on the criteria extracted from the qualitative stage. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the data collection tool. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U, Friedman rankings and utility tests via Spss23 software. The results showed that among 18 sections of master's theses reviewed, the conclusion section was in a less favorable condition and the sections (abstract, problem statement, research objectives, etc.) were in a relatively good condition and finally, the sections of the title, keywords, introduction, statistical population, sample and sampling, appendices and principles of correct writing were in the desired condition. In fact, according to the mean rank, the greatest weakness is in the sections of conclusion, problem statement and the significance of research, respectively, and the strongest point of dissertations have been in the sections of keywords, appendices and research methodologies.   Manuscript profile

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113 - A qualitative study: Explaining the management model of authoritarian behavior of clients in Shiraz prisons
Zhila rastagari Nia Alireza Ghasemizad Amin Bagheri Karachi

One of the strong tendencies in human beings is "authoritarianism" or "power-seeking" which appears in the first years of a child's life in human beings, and to the extent that the child is empowered, this tendency is activated in him and his actions and behavior are di More

One of the strong tendencies in human beings is "authoritarianism" or "power-seeking" which appears in the first years of a child's life in human beings, and to the extent that the child is empowered, this tendency is activated in him and his actions and behavior are directed. Gives. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explain the pattern of management of authoritarian behavior among prisoners. The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach using content analysis method and using purposive sampling. The research tool was a semi-structured interview and data collection was continued until the theoretical saturation of the data was achieved. Using the content analysis method, 24 clients of Adelabad prison in Shiraz were interviewed. .The findings led to the extraction of several indices that reflect the participants' experiences of the consequences of authoritarianism, including family styles, family upbringing pattern and prison environment. The result was that family factors, positive and negative family pattern structure, family upbringing styles status The structure and context of the prison affect the tendency of individuals to authoritarianism and can cause serious damage to the entire family system, living environment and even the body of society. Abnormal individual position was presented as the main theme of the study. Manuscript profile

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114 - Effect of Quran and other former texts on Mathnavi Taghdis and Mathnavi Maanavi based on theory of Genette's Periphertextuality
Ramin khosravi Iqbal MirJalaluddin kazazi Farhad tahmasbi

Mathnavi Taghdis written by Mullah Ahmad Naraghi has imitated Mathnavi Maanavi and abundant subjects have been studied and analyzed from the mystical and religious viewpoints similar to Molana's Mathnavi. In this paper, the effect of Quranic stories and other former tex More

Mathnavi Taghdis written by Mullah Ahmad Naraghi has imitated Mathnavi Maanavi and abundant subjects have been studied and analyzed from the mystical and religious viewpoints similar to Molana's Mathnavi. In this paper, the effect of Quranic stories and other former texts on Mathnavi Taghdis and Mathnavi Maanavi has been analyzed based on Genette’s Periphertextuality theory. Findings of this paper show that Mowlana and Naraghi have utilized Quranic stories, folklore culture, former mystical texts etc. Explaining the form and thought of their narrations, this paper investigates the abovementioned narratives. Therefore, their work is result of intertextual relation in which they have established with other texts according to Genette. Manuscript profile

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115 - Examining the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial mentoring
sayyed mohammad reza davoodi , Masoud Ataee Gharacheh

Entrepreneurial mentorship is a key factor that, if its drivers are correctly identified, will have many consequences for success in the field of entrepreneurship. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antecedents and conseque More

Entrepreneurial mentorship is a key factor that, if its drivers are correctly identified, will have many consequences for success in the field of entrepreneurship. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial mentoring. This research is descriptive-survey in terms of purpose, practical in terms of method, and time period of data collection. For this purpose, after searching the databases, in the period of 1390 to 1402 and 2010 to 2023, 23 articles in the field of entrepreneurship mentoring were evaluated and finally, 20 articles were selected and entered the analysis stage. These articles were selected according to the credibility and validity of the research, the quality of the research, the scientific criteria, and the relationship with entrepreneurial mentoring. In order to identify the antecedents and consequences of entrepreneurial mentoring, the meta-combination method and Maxqda software were used. The results showed that the culture of mentorship, competence of mentors, career development, and mentor-disciple relationships are considered antecedents of entrepreneurial mentorship, and perfectionist, self-directed, harmonious, emotional, and professional consequences are among the consequences of entrepreneurial mentorship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - Analyzing the components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers
moslem rezaie Seyyed Hassan Hataminasab shahnaz nayebzadeh

Purpose: The increasing number of Muslims and the need to adapt and match the products with the preferences of Muslim consumers, requires the identification of brand positioning components for this type of consumers, which has not been studied in this important issue by More

Purpose: The increasing number of Muslims and the need to adapt and match the products with the preferences of Muslim consumers, requires the identification of brand positioning components for this type of consumers, which has not been studied in this important issue by reviewing the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers. Methodology: This research is based on the purpose of applied and descriptive research, and according to the implementation method for searching and selecting scientific articles, a systematic review of the research literature was considered and the components were extracted with the technique of qualitative content analysis. All articles related to brand positioning and branding for Muslim consumers were searched, collected and qualitatively evaluated from the Scopus citation database and Google Scholar. Finally, 17 articles were qualitatively analyzed using Max Qda software. Findings: The findings of this research show that the components of price, quality, service, consumer preferences, distribution channel and sources of competitive advantage of the company have been studied as components of brand positioning in the minds of Muslim consumers in the research literature. Conclusion: The components of brand positioning should be adapted and appropriate according to the level of commitment and dependence of Muslim consumers of each country and region to Islam. be more focused. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

117 - Modeling an innovative university by applying a qualitative approach
Maryam Gholipour Roya Afrassiabi Mahmoud Ghorbani Maryam Hafezian

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to present an innovative university model for and among the Islamic Azad Universities of North Khorasan. Method: The researchers applied the qualitative method to carry out the study and the ‘theme analysis’ to a More

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to present an innovative university model for and among the Islamic Azad Universities of North Khorasan. Method: The researchers applied the qualitative method to carry out the study and the ‘theme analysis’ to analyze the data. The target population was comprised of the experts in the field of management of whom 20 subjects were selected as the expert panel. By applying an interview protocol, the data was collected and by using the software ‘NVIVO’ the data was analyzed. The findings of the study indicated that, based on the expert panel’s views, an innovative university among the Islamic Azad Universities of North Khorasan enjoyed five selective indicators (codes), thirteen indicators (codes) of orientation, and fifty nine free codes. To measure the validity of the qualitative phase of the study, the researchers used the expert-triangulation method which was conducted by two experts in management. Thence, the identified selective indicators (codes) were ranked by applying the Friedman Test.Results : The results of this section showed that the personality, organizational structure, and information technology dimension characteristics respectively enjoyed the utmost significance in structuring an innovative university. Conclusion: Therefore, according to the findings of the present study, to materialize an innovative university, one is required to closely prioritize the personality, organizational structure, and information technology characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Qualitative Assessment of Ardabil Plain Groundwater Wells
ابراهیم Fatei سمیه Nedaei-Gilarlo نسیم Seedsadegian S.T Seedsafavian R. Sadeghi

Underground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agric More

Underground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agricultural irrigation was evaluated. In this study electrical conductivity,sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate and total hardness were measured.Studied wells were classified based on the percentage of sodium, EC and sodium adsorption ratio. By means ofPiper Diagram most of Ardabil Plain water is as carbonate type; in these wells are predominant sodium andpotassium. Wilcox diagram showed that 45 % of samples(35 sample) are in middle-saline class, 43.5 % ofsamples(34 sample) in saline class, 11.5 % of samples(9 sample) in very saline class Overall, the risk of salinityis moderate to high and alkalinity risk is lower. These waters are relatively suitable for agricultural uses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - Qualitative changes Trend (in terms of sedimentation and corrosion) in drinking water of three villages of Sarbandan, Jaban and Ayinehvarzan, in Damavand area
Farzaneh Ghodrati Mohammad Manshouri Mojtaba Syyadi Mahmoud Salari

An intensive decrease has been occurred in discharge of drinking waters in some of villages of Damavand citywhich caused dramatical changes in quality and quantity drinking water of these wells. This research tries tostudy probable qualitative changes in these resources More

An intensive decrease has been occurred in discharge of drinking waters in some of villages of Damavand citywhich caused dramatical changes in quality and quantity drinking water of these wells. This research tries tostudy probable qualitative changes in these resources, as well as evaluating role of qualitative condition of waterin reduction of its quantity. According to the conducted studies, reduction in quantity of wells of the villages canbe attributed to two reasons: 1. Tectonic factors and geology of the region; 2. Chemical factor. Geological andtectonic studies revealed that tectonic factors had no effect on reduced discharge and quality, because tectonicfunctions linearly, while this was a point event. Therefore, it is more likely that there is a relation betweenchanges in quality and chemical factors and conditions. Finally, based on physical and chemical analysis ofwater samples and calculation of Langelier’s index and Rayzanar’s index on one hand, and study of geologicalformations, especially sequences of sediments in north of the region, with most frequent facies being chilefollowed by carbonated, dolomite facies, on the other hand. it can be said that water of studied wells makesediments. Therefore, study of hydrochemical conditions of groundwater of the studied zone, persistentmonitoring of ground water, videometery of wells, persistent discharge measurement, and identification ofsediment of pipe wall are recommended. Also, application of proper methods such as waterjet, ultrasound, acidpickling, and magnetic air shock (separately, or in hybrid manner) results in dissolution of sediments formed onthe wall of well. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

120 - Qualitative assessment and determination of pollutant potential of geothermal springs of Sarein
Somaye Nedaie Gilarlul Naser Hafezi moghadas Ebrahim Ghaneie

Sarein city from cities of Ardabil province is in Northwest of Iran that it has 9 hot springs. Water of springs used in spa and discharge in Kenzagh River that native inhabitants used for agriculture and livestock. Therefore, investigation the origin and type of sprin More

Sarein city from cities of Ardabil province is in Northwest of Iran that it has 9 hot springs. Water of springs used in spa and discharge in Kenzagh River that native inhabitants used for agriculture and livestock. Therefore, investigation the origin and type of spring water and the concentration of heavy metal and toxic elements in springs are essential. For investigation the type and source of water and waste water, sampled and some chemical and physical characteristic of the cation and anions main and heavy metal were measured. The results show that the amount of H2S and CO2 gases in the hot springs Sarein is high (8.16, 44 mg/l). According to Piper diagram, water of the hot springs is chloride and bicarbonate sodic type. The anion triangle diagram shows that the hot springs in the area Sarein peripheral and shallow waters is rich in carbonates. According to the Ficklin chart all springs are almost neutral. Maximum amount of detergent determined in 1 station that is 5.23 mg/l and Maximum amount of BOD is 1590 mg/l in 2 stations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - Identification of talent management attributes in the Customs Organization of Iran (mixed method)
morad khoshdel mofidi mohamadreza bagherzade asadolah mehrara

Today, talent management development is one of the most important business elements and one of the key components of maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage in organizations. Therefore, in this leading research, the purpose of this research is to present a compr More

Today, talent management development is one of the most important business elements and one of the key components of maintaining a sustainable competitive advantage in organizations. Therefore, in this leading research, the purpose of this research is to present a comprehensive model of talent management for Customs Organization. In order to carry out this research, due to the need to extract custom and specialized characteristics of the Customs Organization, a qualitative research data base was also used after categorizing the existing theoretical bases and empirical background. We obtained 139 components by using snowball sampling method and analyzing them, using the Delphi-Fuzzy method for screening by experts. Targeted Approach 20 Experts Selected After 4 Fuzzy Steps, 54 Indicators Remain Adapted to Present Model and Classification of Dr. Mirzaei Ahrangani's Trilogy Pattern, which we presented in four layers by adding another dimension for better understanding. . The model was distributed to more than 400 customs staff at the Customs Administration through simple random sampling, with 367 returned samples evaluated and approved. Through Hierarchical Analysis (AHP) and Expert Chase software as follows: 1. Cognitive / Perceptual (0.467) 2. Structural / Institutional (0.227) 3. Environmental / Situational (0.16) 4. Behavioral / Functional (0.095) rated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

122 - Analysis of the three factors of ideation development on the consequences of qualitative development of growth centers with a mixed approach
mojtaba mollaahmadei ahmad ali foroughi

The present study was conducted under the title of analysis of the three factors of ideation development on the consequences of qualitative development of growth centers with a mixed approach. The research method was fundamental in terms of purpose and in terms of how t More

The present study was conducted under the title of analysis of the three factors of ideation development on the consequences of qualitative development of growth centers with a mixed approach. The research method was fundamental in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect information at two levels of quality, the approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998) and quantitative. The statistical population of the study included all managers of knowledge-based companies located in the universities of Tehran and Isfahan in 1398. The data collection tool was structured in the qualitative part of the interview, which was analyzed by coding on a sample of 15 people, and in the quantitative part of the main assessment tool, a researcher-made questionnaire. Based on the software minimum, the smallest partial intelligent squares of the sample size in the quantitative part of the research was considered to be 50 people. The results showed that the three factors of ideation development include causal conditions with 6 components (organizational context, educational factors, financial factors, communication patterns, effective teamwork, market research), contextual conditions with 3 main categories (function, economy, rules). And intervention conditions with 4 categories (support, empowerment, attitude, analysis of interaction behavior) affect the quality development outcomes of growth centers in 5 main categories (rich and enhanced employment, entrepreneurial growth, talent management, scientific marketing and national synergy) and theory The initial model of qualitative development of the growth centers of the country's universities was developed as a conceptual model based on the mentioned categories. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

123 - Investigate the consequences of young tendency toward the have multiple relationships whit different sexes
zahra khavaninzade ebrahim naeimi Kiomars farahbakhsh

10.30495/educ.2022.686724

The aim of this study was to explain the consequences of young tendency to have multiple relationships with the opposite sex. To understand the experience of the participants, this research was conducted using a qualitative method of contextual theory. The statistical p More

The aim of this study was to explain the consequences of young tendency to have multiple relationships with the opposite sex. To understand the experience of the participants, this research was conducted using a qualitative method of contextual theory. The statistical population was single girls and boys aged 25 to 35 years old living in Tehran in 1396, from which 24 people (13 girls and 11 boys) were selected by purposive sampling method until information saturation. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was performed by Colaizzi method (open coding, axial coding, selective coding). The research findings indicate that the most important consequences of multiple relationships with the opposite sex from the perspective of people involved in such relationships are: positive function, instability and ambiguity in the main relationship in the future, reduced interpersonal function, High-risk marriages, emotional and physical injuries, and physical injuries. According to the present study, the consequences of such relationships can be concluded that the multiplicity of relationships causes a lot of internal and interpersonal damage that ultimately leads to family inefficiency and poor quality of communication in the family. Manuscript profile

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124 - The facilitating role of implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovation: a case study of descriptive evaluation in elementary education
hashem fardanesh mohammadreza vahdani

The present study investigate the facilitating role of implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovation elementary education. In this study qualitative and descriptive evaluation is considered an innovation. A sample of 100 elementary schools teachers More

The present study investigate the facilitating role of implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovation elementary education. In this study qualitative and descriptive evaluation is considered an innovation. A sample of 100 elementary schools teachers is chosen through cluster sampling in Tehran. Then, they completed a researcher-made questionnaire to evaluate implementation and institutionalization of  qualitative and descriptive evaluation. The questionnaire is both valid and reliable(92/0=α). Exploratory factor analysis shows that 29 factors are present. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - The condition that Facilitate implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovation: case study descriptive evaluation in elementary education
hashem fardanesh mohammadreza vahdani

 The purpose of this research is to study the conditions that Facilitate implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovations ( a qualitative and descriptive evaluation). In this study, a qualitative and descriptive evaluation, considered as an exam More

 The purpose of this research is to study the conditions that Facilitate implementation and institutionalization of instructional innovations ( a qualitative and descriptive evaluation). In this study, a qualitative and descriptive evaluation, considered as an example of educational innovation was used. In a correlational research design, 100 primary school teachers from five schools who implemented a descriptive, qualitative evaluation project (including the first to fifth grad) were selected with a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Then participants filled out  the condition that facilitate implementation and institutionalization of the qualitative and descriptive evaluation questionnaire with five value Likert from strongly disagree to strongly agree options. The  validity  of the instrument was confirmed by experts and its reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α= 0/92). To analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis using oblique rotation, Friedman test and post hoc Wilcoxon test was used by a significant level of p≤ 0/01. Based on the results of factor analysis, 29 items, were identified, in eight factors: dissatisfaction with the current situation (4 items), existing knowledge and information (4 items), availability of resources (4 items), enough time (3 items) rewards and / or encouragements (3 items), participation in decision-making (3 items), Commitment (4 items) and leadership (4). The results showed dissatisfaction with the current situation and existing knowledge and information is the highest priority to facilitate the use and institutionalization of this pedagogical innovation. Other conditions include leadership, commitment, availability of resources, time, participation in decision-making, and rewards and / or encourage are next in order of rank. Manuscript profile

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126 - The relationship between input modification and listening comprehension among intermediate Iranian EFL learners
Zahra Yousefi

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127 - Barriers performance-related pay(PRP) in public organizations of Iran
Mohamad Mobini Samane Ahmadi

The aim of this study was to identify barriers to performance-based pay in public organizations of Iran. This study is a qualitative study that is performed using grounded theory approach. Statistical population included faculty members of university and specialists in More

The aim of this study was to identify barriers to performance-based pay in public organizations of Iran. This study is a qualitative study that is performed using grounded theory approach. Statistical population included faculty members of university and specialists in human resources that were selected by snowball method. The research was conducted based on reports of twelve countries on implementation of performance-based pay scheme, as one of the richest sources available to identify barriers to performance-based pay. 93 items were identified that during the Delphi process after removing 6 items with low CVR, 40 items, 24 components, 5 main aspects through integration of classification by Robbins (individual, group and organizational) and Mirzaee ( structure, content, environmental) were identified including: individual, group, organizational, content, and environmental. Based on grounded theory approach, data analysis was done in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding; and underlying variables, effective factors, preventive factors, outcomes of payment based on performance were identified. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - Presenting a Conceptual Model of Green Supply Chain Management to Improve Sustainable Development of the Environment with a Qualitative Approach Grounded Theory
Zahra Delshad Mozhde Rabbani Hasan Dehghan Dehnavi

The green supply chain management model is to protect the environment, and companies can use it to reduce the negative environmental impacts according to the future and achieve the optimal use of resources and energy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify More

The green supply chain management model is to protect the environment, and companies can use it to reduce the negative environmental impacts according to the future and achieve the optimal use of resources and energy. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify and formulate a conceptual model of green supply chain management in the Petrochemical industry of Fars province using the qualitative method Grounded Theory. Method: The method of data collection is the study of documents and interviews with 20 experts aware of the subject under discussion, using the method of snowball sampling. The validity of this study was reviewed and confirmed by the interviewees and then expert professors. To analyze the data, continuous comparison method was used during three stages of open, axial, and selective coding, based on which a qualitative research model was designed. Findings and Results: The results of the present study indicate the extraction of 120 codes or basic concepts from interviews and 21 criteria in the form of a paradigm model with MAXQDA software including causal conditions (design of green processes, customers and other external institutions, green innovation), background conditions. (Drivers of green materials supply, implementation of waste management system, financial thoughts and costs of the organization), intervention conditions (environmental management approaches, green supply chain risks, green suppliers' capabilities, human resource management), phenomenon-based environmental factors Economic (operational performance), strategies (management, technology, economics, policy-making), outcomes (green supply chain enablers, credit enhancement, institutionalization of technology equipment and know-how, energy management and optimization). Manuscript profile

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129 - Identifying and prioritizing institutional socialization tactics in government organizations with a qualitative-quantitative integrated approach
Seyed Mohammad Reza Mohades Khalesi mehran mokhtari baye kolaii Ghorbanali Aghaahmadi davod kia Kojouri

Introduction: Organizations, through regular and continuous structuring of employees' behavior, cause the alignment and adaptation of individual attitudes, values and behaviors with the values, norms and desirable organizational behaviors.Organizations should provide ap More

Introduction: Organizations, through regular and continuous structuring of employees' behavior, cause the alignment and adaptation of individual attitudes, values and behaviors with the values, norms and desirable organizational behaviors.Organizations should provide appropriate opportunities to familiarize employees with the mission, goals, job tasks and desired values of the organization in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness and achieve competitive advantage. This study aims to identify and prioritize institutional socialization tactics with a qualitative-quantitative integrated approach.Research Method: The method of this research is descriptive with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study is 10 experts of senior managers of government organizations under the Ministry of Oil in the study area, among whom Delphi questionnaires, pairwise comparisons and Demetel were distributed. Data were analyzed using ANP-DEMATEL approach.Results: Based on the results of the research, it was proved that the "collective" criterion with a final weight of 0.205 is the first priority among the criteria, the consecutive criterion has the most impact and interaction, the permanent criterion has the most impact and the sub-criterion "effective job training" For newcomers "with a final weight of 0.0507 is the first priority among the sub-criteria. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

130 - Qualitative meta-analysis of research on the context and factors of changes in the Iranian family
Hamed Nazari Mohammad Ganji Assadollah Babaei Fard

10.30495/jwsf.2020.1881128.1404

The Iranian family has undergone many changes in recent decades. These changes have occurred in different aspects of the family including household size, marriage and divorce rates, the purpose of marriage, and so on. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors More

The Iranian family has undergone many changes in recent decades. These changes have occurred in different aspects of the family including household size, marriage and divorce rates, the purpose of marriage, and so on. The aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting family changes based on existing research in this area. The methodology of this study includes qualitative meta-analysis and systematic review. The target group is all research that has been published in the form of thesis and research papers. Data coding and analysis is done using MAXQDA software. In order to achieve the purpose of the present research, 57 studies in Iran from 2001 onwards were studied. Besides descriptive analysis, the reviewed documents were evaluated in different aspects. The findings of this study indicate that there are three main factors led to changes in the Iranian family: 1. The education and employment of women has promoted their status in the family power hierarchy; 2. Modernization processes have caused changes in the value system of the Iranian family. ; 3. The socio-economic status of the family affects the values of its members. At the end of the study, a critical conclusion and evaluation of the existing knowledge in the field of family studies in Iran have been presented and the weak points in this area that require further research are identified.   Manuscript profile

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131 - Recommending a model to assess Women purchase behavior in social networks (A qualitative Study)
Sam Rahimzadeh Holagh Reza Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi Alborz Gheitani Akbar Etebarian khorasgani

10.30495/jwsf.2022.1953585.1669

women play an important role in consumer products hence, Analysis of Women requirements within social networks and variables Shaping their purchase behavior would be beneficial for business owners in order to provide better product and services and attain more sustainab More

women play an important role in consumer products hence, Analysis of Women requirements within social networks and variables Shaping their purchase behavior would be beneficial for business owners in order to provide better product and services and attain more sustainable relationship with their customers. This research is aiming to recommend a social commerce model for women purchase behavior using qualitative Corbin and Strauss (2015) ground theory method. This research can be considered as applied research. in order to collect research data a seven stage Sadowski and Baroso (2007) method is used, then after implementing open, axial and selective coding, a new model was introduced. Based on acquired results, final model contains 5 main causal variables, 3 main intervening variables, 3main contextual (Demographic) variables and finally 2 main consequential variables. The results of this research can be beneficial for E-commerce and traditional business owners in order to boost their profitability and to have sustainable relation with their customers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

132 - Qualitative Analysis of the Challenges of Women Entrepreneurship in Cooperative Companies (Case Study: Kermanshah Province)
Bijan rezaee saba amiri.

10.30495/jwsf.2019.673385

The present study was done with the aim of qualitative analysis of women entrepreneurship challenges in cooperative companies at Kermanshah province. The research method was qualitative in the case study and the data were collected through a semi-structured interview wi More

The present study was done with the aim of qualitative analysis of women entrepreneurship challenges in cooperative companies at Kermanshah province. The research method was qualitative in the case study and the data were collected through a semi-structured interview with 23 women entrepreneurs that selected based on theoretical sampling method. Based on the results of content analysis, women entrepreneurship challenges were divided into two categories: proactive and preventive factors; The proactive factors in the selected category of "balanced and endogenous development" were categorized into two categories of land and structural factors, the most important of which were carefulness of work, interest in the field of work, utilization of the support of surrounding people, appropriate educational environment; Also, the preventive factors in the selected category of "implementation problems" include two categories of weaknesses in infrastructure and support and policy deficiencies in government and organizations. and the "selection problems" of the manufacturing sector, including categories of supply chain distribution, distribution and monitoring, that lack of suitable space, lack of Confidence in each other, the lack of government support from producers, the high level of bank profits, the failure to address production problems, the strong market fluctuations and input prices, and product harassment were the most important priorities. Finally, suggestions were made to improve women's entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

133 - Pathology Spousal selection in Isfahan: A Qualitative Study
Majid jafarian Somaea Labafi

Spousal selection has been the most basic human activity in the family during the thousands of years of community life. These actions have always been inspired by personal tastes, ethnic, cultural and religious backgrounds to determine who has played a key role in their More

Spousal selection has been the most basic human activity in the family during the thousands of years of community life. These actions have always been inspired by personal tastes, ethnic, cultural and religious backgrounds to determine who has played a key role in their lives in the future. However, today, changes in living, ethnicity, immigration and the growth of communication networks have brought about serious changes and increasing harm to this part of human life. The present study is a qualitative research of thematic analysis that examines the views of people about the damages of spouse selection in Isfahan city. Targeted sampling method was used to collect the experimental data and was performed by semi-structured interview with 20 people in the community. In the analysis of the themes, it has been determined that economic thinking in choices plays a decisive role. Decreased religious and ethical standards and the choice of individuals to grow and improve social situations have increased significantly. Also, the minds of young people have a kind of mental paradox in the style of modern and traditional choices, the power and role of families have diminished, and choices are quick and merely romantic Manuscript profile

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134 - Effect of Corm Density on Yield and Qualitative Traits of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under Different Urea and Biological Fertilizers in Shahr-e-Rey Region
Alireza pazoki Mohammad Kariminejad Kariminejad Alireza Foladi Targhi

To study the effect of corm density on yield and qualitative traits of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under different biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizers, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications was done in 2014 at Sh More

To study the effect of corm density on yield and qualitative traits of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) under different biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizers, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized block design with 3 replications was done in 2014 at Shahr-e-Rey region (Ghomi Abad). The experimental factors were: corm density in 3 levels (60, 120 and 180 corm per square meter) and biological and chemical nitrogen fertilizers in 4 levels (without fertilizer application, 150 kg.ha-1 of Urea, 5 L.ha-1 of Nitroxin and 75 kg.ha-1 of Urea +5 L.ha-1 of Nitroxin). The results indicated that the corm density affects number of daughter corm, fresh daughter corm weight, corm diameter, dry stigma and style weight, dry and fresh flower weight significantly. Mean comparisons also indicated that by increasing corm density from 6o to 180, saffron dry yield of saffron improved by 2.7 fold. However, increasing corm density reduced corm diameter, fresh corm daughter weight and their numbers per square meter. It can be concluded that nitroxin as an organic fertilizer, increases vegetative traits and saffron dry yield (stigma + style weight) to 2.08 kg.ha-1 and highly improves in qualitative traits like Safranal, Picrocrocin, and Crocin. It can be also said that combined use of nitroxin and urea would be an alternative method to reduce application of urea. Manuscript profile

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135 - Reduction of Phenmedipham + Desmedipham + Ethofumesate Herbicides Dosage Based on Application Timing in Sugar Beet
Valiyolah Anabestani Mohammad Armin

An experiment was conducted to study possible reduction of concentration (dose) of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate herbicides at different application times to control weeds in sugar beet field. Thus, a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block d More

An experiment was conducted to study possible reduction of concentration (dose) of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate herbicides at different application times to control weeds in sugar beet field. Thus, a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design with three replications was performed at Sabzevar, Khorasan-e-Razavi in 2013. Factors consisted of herbicide dosages (control, 75% of the recommended dosage, and 125% of recommended dosage and application times at 2-4, 4-8 and 8-12 leaf stages of sugar beet. Herbicide used in the experiment was phenmedipham (9.2%) + desmedipham (7.2%) + ethofumesate (11.3%) (PROGRESS OF BETAMIX) as 877 ga.i ha-1 27.4 EC. The results indicated that the delayed application of herbicide increased weed density by 55.92% and weed dry matter by 33%. Application of herbicide at 4-8 leaf stage produced highest root and sugar yields. Root impurities were not affected by the time of herbicide application. Used of 125% of recommended dosage resulted in lowest weed density and weed dry matter and highest root and sugar yields. Impure sugar percentage and K content was not affected by herbicide dosage. Other root quality characteristics were not statistically significant different between the recommended dose 125% of recommended dosages. Results as a wholes suggested that at early growth stage of sugar beet (2-4 leaf stage) lower herbicide dosage and at later growth stage of sugar beet (8-12 leaf stage) higher herbicide dosage may produce highest root yield of sugar beet. Manuscript profile

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136 - Sociological Study of Suicide ; Identification of Risk Factor
Zeinab Kouchakian Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi Zahra Aslani

10.30495/jss.2020.1877594.1164

Suicide is among the human behaviors influenced by different biological motives. In the current conditions, given some issues such as increased suicide attempts, lifestyle change, and decreased age of suicide attempts, it seems vital to deeply investigate suicide. Using More

Suicide is among the human behaviors influenced by different biological motives. In the current conditions, given some issues such as increased suicide attempts, lifestyle change, and decreased age of suicide attempts, it seems vital to deeply investigate suicide. Using qualitative phenomenological approach, the present study tries to focus on the data obtained from in-depth semi-structured interviews with 30 individuals who attempted suicide (23 women and 7 men) to understand and identify risk factors that are effective in explaining how the suicide occurs. The results indicate that to understand suicide, the psychological disorders, the consequences of antisocial behaviors, and the risk factors that over time have influenced the lifestyle on the individual, family, and social levels should be taken into account. In-depth interviews demonstrate that most of the respondents were involved with issues including addiction, nonconformity, multiple secrecy, free relations with the opposite sex, illegal behaviors, early marriage, running away from home, and dropping out of school. Thus, identifying the risk factors and the interactions among them is of crucial importance in this regard. Manuscript profile

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137 - A comparative study of qualitative content analysis and hermeneutics
Tahmoureth Shiri Neda Azimi

This paper is a comparative study of qualitative content analysis and hermeneutics in which it is tried to compare these two analytical methods and find similarities and differences in a specified comparative format. This study is a case criticism carried by documents a More

This paper is a comparative study of qualitative content analysis and hermeneutics in which it is tried to compare these two analytical methods and find similarities and differences in a specified comparative format. This study is a case criticism carried by documents and the results of it show that, despite the similarities of the two methods, there are significant differences between them both from ontological and methodological points of view. In qualitative content analysis, there is an attempt to adopt an analytical-constructive approach to using qualitative and phased methods by which overt and covert contents of a text to be discovered. But in hermeneutics, there is an attempt to adopt a holistic-combinatory approach and using propositional arguments by which the hidden content of a text to be discovered.    Manuscript profile

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138 - The use of qualitative research methods in feminist studies (With an emphasis on focus groups method)
Mohammad Abbaszadeh Elnaz Esmaeilpoor Fallahi Ali Boudaghi

At present era, the social sciences research transition from hard quantitative methods to soft qualitative methods and humanistic and interpretive approaches has reduplicated the importance of qualitative approach in social research. Focus groups are one of qualitative More

At present era, the social sciences research transition from hard quantitative methods to soft qualitative methods and humanistic and interpretive approaches has reduplicated the importance of qualitative approach in social research. Focus groups are one of qualitative methods which are achieved through presentation of various and numerous interpretations of reality and creation of agreed patterns. This paper describes one of the most important methods of qualitative research, (focus groups) and aspects of its implementation including voice recording, level of management intervention, number of groups, number of sessions and type of questions, and also highlights the application of focus groups in feminist approaches. In this method, on the one hand emphasizing on group interactions and construction of meanings through interactions among individuals, and on the other hand focusing on characteristics like naturalness of environment, emphasis on social context and non-exploitativeness caused this method to be more aligned with ethical principles and policies of feminists. This has resulted in more reception from feminists in recent years, because from the feminist’s perspective this method has a prominent role in echoing the women groups’ voices. Finally, this method, like all other research methods, has its limitations and contemplation on them will help to enhance research quality. Therefore, in the present article these limitations will be referred to as well.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

139 - ادراک معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی از فرسودگی شغلی: مطالعه کیفی
مریم موسوی علی امیرقاسمی مهناز سعیدی

10.30495/jal.2022.696590

این مطالعه کیفی با هدف بررسی منابع فرسودگی شغلی از دیدگاه معلمان زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، سی و چهار معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن ایرانی در مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شرکت کردند تا در مورد منابع فرسودگی شغلی نظر دهند و سپس آنها را از نظر اولویت رتبه بندی کن More

این مطالعه کیفی با هدف بررسی منابع فرسودگی شغلی از دیدگاه معلمان زبان انگلیسی انجام شده است. برای این منظور، سی و چهار معلم زبان انگلیسی مرد و زن ایرانی در مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شرکت کردند تا در مورد منابع فرسودگی شغلی نظر دهند و سپس آنها را از نظر اولویت رتبه بندی کنند. همچنین 100 معلم به یک پرسشنامه باز و برخط در مورد علل فرسودگی پاسخ دادند. بر اساس کدگذاری، پاسخهابه دو گره بیرونی و درونی، پنج شاخه اصلی و پانزده موضوع فرعی تقسیم بندی شدند. گره بیرونی شامل مشکلات مالی، سازمانی وموضوعات مربوط به تربیت معلم وگره درونی شامل ویژگی های روانی-عاطفی معلمان و مشکلات زندگی شخصی این افراد بود. طبق نتایج بدست آمده، شرکت کنندگان فرسودگی معلمین زبان انگلیسی را بیشتر به عوامل خارجی نسبت دادند تا عوامل درونی. ازعوامل بیرونی، دستمزد پایین معلمان، بدرفتاری سرپرست و حجم کار، واز عوامل درونی، پایین بودن توانایی حل مسئله، انگیزه پایین و کمبود حس خودکارآمدی معلمان در رتبه های بالایی قرار داشت. هیچیک از شرکت کنندگان فرسودگی شغلی را به جنسیت و سن معلمان نسبت نداد و تقریباً همه شرکت کنندگان به اتفاق آراء از سیستم مدیریت آموزشی ایران به دلیل عدم ارائه ابزار لازم برای تشخیص و پیشگیری از فرسودگی شغلی معلمان انتقاد کردند. این مطالعه تلویحات آموزشی برای سیاستگذاران و دست اندرکاران مسایل آموزشی دارد. Manuscript profile

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140 - The Challenges of Flipped Learning: A Qualitative Content Analysis
hafez sahebyar Ramin Habibi-Kaleybar Javad Mesrabadi Abolfazl Farid

10.30495/jinev.2023.1972078.2797

The rapid progress and changes in technology, the increasing use of smart devices, multimedia and Internet, and on the other hand, the epidemic of Covid-19, have directed educational systems towards virtual education and hybrid models such as flipped learning. The curre More

The rapid progress and changes in technology, the increasing use of smart devices, multimedia and Internet, and on the other hand, the epidemic of Covid-19, have directed educational systems towards virtual education and hybrid models such as flipped learning. The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and classifying the challenges of flipped learning implementation. This study is a qualitative research with inductive content analysis approach; and its statistical population includes two groups. The first group includes a collection of articles that were related to the purpose of the research. At this stage, articles were searched from scientific journals and reliable databases such as: Noormags, Magiran and SID in Persian language between 1393-1401; and search in foreign databases such as Scopus, ProQuest, Wiley, ERIC, and Google Scholar in English between 2013-2022. The keywords were: "flipped learning", "flipped instruction", "flipped classroom", "challenges", "barriers". After the initial search of the mentioned databases, a total of 1113 sources with the indicated keywords were obtained. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 100 scientific research articles were purposefully selected for analysis. In addition to the systematic review of the articles, in order to identify more and more precisely the challenges and ensure the findings from the articles, the second group of the statistical community, that includes professors and educational experts, in the fields of educational technology , educational management, lesson planning, educational psychology and teachers who implemented the flipped learning model were referred; Among them, 15 people were selected purposefully; And they were interviewed online. The results show that the implementation challenges of flipped learning can be identified in 8 categories. Challenges related to: the learner, teacher and school, content, instruction, family, managerial and operational, ethical and security and technical and technological Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

141 - The Assessment of the Lived Experiences of Teachers and Students about the Role of the Ripple Effect of Leader Children in the Classroom
Mina Kam Far Mostafa Sheikhzadeh

The ripple effect of leader childern refers to the transfer of energy from these children to other children, which leads to change in them. The aim of study was to assess the lived experiences of teachers and students about the ripple effect of leader children on other More

The ripple effect of leader childern refers to the transfer of energy from these children to other children, which leads to change in them. The aim of study was to assess the lived experiences of teachers and students about the ripple effect of leader children on other students. It was a qualitative study with phenomenological method. The purposeful sampling was carried out to choose six teachers within the age range of 28 to 54 and teaching experience of 6 to 35 years, and 15 fifth grade primary school students in the district 1 of Urmia. The instrument used was semi-structured interviews. The data was analyzed using the seven - srage Colaizzi method. The main themes were extracted through interviews and compared. The primary themes were exploring the characteristis of leader childeren and effecting factors, and in the next stages the following themed were found: arrogant self-confidence, sense of responsibility, ability to plan, creativity, relibility, obedience and empathy. According to the concepts extracted from the lived experience of teachers and students, it can be concluded that leader childeren dominate the hearts, are living, creative, and idealistic, movtivate others and give them incentives toward the target. Since other students find their hidden ideas and feelings in them, they try to willingly obey these leader children. Therefore, it seems possible to use this effect of leader childeren on other children in order to improve education and help teachers solve educational problems at school. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

142 - The investigating and comparison of the effectiveness of implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation and traditional evaluation on primary students’ social skills
Yousef Namvar Azam Rastghoo Abbas Abolghasemi Saied Seyf Derakhshndeh

The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of experimental implementation qualitative descriptive evaluation on students’ social skill in ArdabilProvince in the 88-89. Research method was Causal-comparative and increasing their participation in discussio More

The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of experimental implementation qualitative descriptive evaluation on students’ social skill in ArdabilProvince in the 88-89. Research method was Causal-comparative and increasing their participation in discussions and dialogues. Overall, 999 primary students and 99 teachers were chosen as a sample. Required data of students and teachers were collected through researcher made questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed by Spss software. The results showed that the qualitative descriptive evaluation has more effect than traditional evaluation on students’group working, cooperation, reducing competition and sampling method in both forms of evaluation (descriptive & traditional) was consus in similar schools. According to the results of this research implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation with removal of some shortcomings is recommended.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

143 - A study of investigating and comparing the effectiveness of implementing qualitative and descriptive evaluation and traditional evaluation on elementary school students’ social skills
Yousef Namvar Azam Rastgoo Abas Abolghasemi Saeid Seif Derakhshandeh

The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation on elementary school students’ social skill in Ardabil Province in 2009-2010. The research method was Causal-comparative. The statistical population included al More

The study conducted to investigate the effectiveness of implementing qualitative descriptive evaluation on elementary school students’ social skill in Ardabil Province in 2009-2010. The research method was Causal-comparative. The statistical population included all the elementary schools with descriptive evaluation method which were chosen for comparison with their counterpart traditional evaluation. The chosen sample size was 999 elementary students’ and 99 teachers. The data were collected through researcher made questionnaires. The SPSS software was used to analyse the data. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the hypotheses. The results showed that descriptive evaluation has more effect on group work, cooperation, reducing the competition and engagements in discussions than the traditional evaluation. Based on the findings, the descriptive evaluation is recommended with some reforms.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

144 - Factors hindering critical thinking within the Iranian High Schools’ Curriculum
Vahideh Alipour Maryam Seif Narghi Ezzatollah Naderi Ali Shariatmadari

Iran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc.

Iran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - Designing an Organizational Coaching Model for Public Organizations: An Organizational Soft Productivity Approach
Mohammad Rafati Morteza Mousakhani Mohammad Reza Zabihi Mahmoud Ghorbani

10.30495/qjopm.2020.1875757.2581

Organizational Coaching is a strategic learning tool which is rapidly growing as a new form of leadership development and has become one of the most popular personal development devices. It has been acknowledged as a field whose major function is to facilitate reform an More

Organizational Coaching is a strategic learning tool which is rapidly growing as a new form of leadership development and has become one of the most popular personal development devices. It has been acknowledged as a field whose major function is to facilitate reform and development through unlocking the full potentials of organizational human resources that can trigger success in any company and boost organizational productivity. The purpose of this research was hence to design an organizational Coaching model for state organizations through exploration of mental concepts and personal experiences via elicitation of personal attitudes qualitatively. Therefore, employing a content analysis approach, we conducted detailed semi-structured interviews with 12 experts who had accredited publications in the field of training. Qualitative content analysis method was employed inductively to access various layers and dimensions of the concepts. Consequently, 80 primary codes were extracted and merged out of which 51 initial codes were approved. Subsequently, the resultant codes were sorted out into 10 major categories which were further categorized into 3 factors of trainer characteristics, trainee characteristics, and organizational characteristics. Manuscript profile

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146 - Designing A Sustainable Supply Chain Model for Project Companies: The Case of Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company
Mahdi Vafaee Mansoor Momeni Ebrahim Teimouri Ahmad Jafarnejad

10.30495/qjopm.2021.1865870.2420

Owing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional More

Owing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company. To serve the purpose, the interpretive applied study commenced with extensive library research to scrutinize existing theories and findings from conceptual and applied research and identify enablers and key factors that may impact supply chain sustainability. An interview protocol and a questionnaire were further developed to collect the research data. These instruments were validated based on the views of 10 experts serving as managers and decision makers of Pars Garma Company who were selected using a judgment sampling procedure. The research population comprised 155 individuals out of whom a sample of 120 were selected according to the Cochran formula. Having collected and analyzed the data, the findings indicated 7 main dimensions of project characteristics, contractors’ characteristics, managers’ characteristics, communication features, characteristics of supervisory organizations, performance evaluation and characteristics of the society, each with constituent components. The implications of the findings will be discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - Performance Analysis of Knowledge-Based Firms: The Case of Tehran Science and Technology Park Firms
Hormat Asghari Karamollaa Daneshfard Naser Mirsepasi

Performance analysis is a crucial requirement in the development of Science and Technology Parks. Having employed both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this mix-method developmental and applied study was undertaken to analyze the performance of knowledge-based f More

Performance analysis is a crucial requirement in the development of Science and Technology Parks. Having employed both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this mix-method developmental and applied study was undertaken to analyze the performance of knowledge-based firms in Science and Technology Parks based on the performance evaluation model. The model system used was designed based on a sound review of the theoretical background, documentary analysis and interviews with 17 experts in the field. To evaluate the model and the status quo, a fieldwork questionnaire was distributed among 260 experts and managers in Tehran Science and Technology Parks. The collected data were analyzed via Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the interviews revealed that the experts identified the system model as the best model for assessing the performance of knowledge-based companies; this template was developed in the form of inputs, processes and outputs along with related indicators which were further evaluated. At the stage of pathology, the identified variables were scrutinized among which Human Resource Management (HRM) was found to be less efficiently functioning compared to other variables. HRM comprises employment of qualified human resources and adequately maintaining and organizing them to facilitate cooperation, which were found to be far from adequacy. The findings offer some implications for effective management of Science and Technology Parks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Evaluating the formation process of free-thinking chairs, A Case Study (Islamic Azad Universities of Khuzestan province): A Qualitative Research
Hamad Moghadam Ali Hossein Hosseinzadeh Mousa Shahriari

10.22034/ssyj.2023.1990292.1288

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Open Access Article

149 - Analysis of elites' view of environment-based development in Iran
mostafa mokhtari suorosh fathi Mehrdad Navabakhsh

10.22034/ssyj.2024.1997436.1300

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150 - Safety Risk Assessment; Using Fuzzy Failure Mode and Effect Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis
Mazdak Khodadadi-Karimvand Sara Taherifar

10.30495/tfss.2022.1954304.1016

The failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a qualitative, Inductive and effective method for detecting errors, faults, and failures in a system and fuzzy logic can improve that technique with more logical outputs. Moreover, the fault tree analysis (FTA) as a probab More

The failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a qualitative, Inductive and effective method for detecting errors, faults, and failures in a system and fuzzy logic can improve that technique with more logical outputs. Moreover, the fault tree analysis (FTA) as a probabilistic risk assessment method is among the effective technique for calculating the probability of errors, faults, failures, reliability and safety integrity level (SIL) verification resulting in certain events at higher levels. The FTA also detects the main causes of events in complicated systems. Although this technique appears to be time-consuming in systems with many diverse components, it is considered a powerful tool. In this paper, the fuzzy FMEA analyzes the failure modes in a hypothetical system. After that, the process with the highest risk is selected as the input of an FTA. According to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of FTAs, a series of corrective actions will be proposed to reduce the failure probability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - Factors Causing Failure in Teleworking: the Case of Government Agencies in Iran
Gholamreza Kashani Reza Najafbagy naser mirsepasi

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Open Access Article

152 - New method of machine selection for product layout: the case of Iranpichkar factory
Kimia Ahmadzadeh Fatemeh Karami Kamran Shhanqy

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Open Access Article

153 - Investigation of the effect of physiographic factors on the quantitative and qualitative condition of Zagros forests in Sarpol-e Zahab region of Kermanshah
Azadeh Sohrabi Zadeh rezahossein hheidary Maziar Heidri

The aim of this research Check the effect of physiographic (Altitude and direction) on The quantitative and qualitative characteristics, Determine the amount of dieback and determine the age structure is part of the central Zagros forests. For this research  the fo More

The aim of this research Check the effect of physiographic (Altitude and direction) on The quantitative and qualitative characteristics, Determine the amount of dieback and determine the age structure is part of the central Zagros forests. For this research  the forest between city of Sarpol Zohab and Krnd Ghrb was selected, The area of sea level height into three height classes 700 to 1000 m, 1000 m to 1300 m and 1300 to 1500 m, and two main geographical aspects North and South was divided. 96 circular plots of 10 AR in regular-random sampling method with dimensions of 100 x 100 m was picked . The results showed that the highest average value characteristics basal area and cover percent in elevation in the classes of 1300 to 1500 meters above sea level and northern slopes were observed and analysis of variance and t-test results showed between the little tree factors of altitude and aspect there is a significant difference. The population has  Young uneven structure and trees located on the northern slopes and Classifieds height of 700 to 1000 m in larger diameter classes more distributed. trees with serious dehydration, In the southern slopes and a height classified of 700 to 1000 meters above sea level was observed. trees with severe pollution to semi-parasitic mistletoe plant on the northern slopes and a height Classifieds of 700 to 1000 meters above sea level was observed. On results of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of trees, for sustainable management of forests for research and reducing operations it is suggested, the southern slopes height classifieds of 700 to 1,000 meters and taken into consideration. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

154 - Hazard Assessment Of Groundwater Resourses Degradation Using a Proposed Model And Geographical Information System (GIS) In Jahrom Township
Parviz Jokar Masoud Masoudi

Groundwater is an important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to optimal management of water resources, maintain and improve the quality and quantity of the location, amount and distribution of water data in a defined geographical area is requ More

Groundwater is an important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to optimal management of water resources, maintain and improve the quality and quantity of the location, amount and distribution of water data in a defined geographical area is required and necessary. The subject of this paper is assessing both qualitative and quantitative risk using the modified IMDPA model and geographical information system (GIS) in Jahrom Township. The purpose of this study is prepared a suitable zonation and vulnerability map of qualitative and quantitative status of groundwater in order to determine the areas with higher risk. The used parameters for qualitative and quantitative risk are included EC, CL, SAR and water table decline, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the Lowering of Water Table (quantitative status) in 40% of the plains is at severe and very severe hazard classes. The quality status of about 56% of the plains is at severe and very severe hazard classes. Overall, about 31% of the plains are in a state of severe and very severe hazard classes of ground water resources degradation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

155 - Effect of different Ecological patches on soil surface quality indices (case study: Sofi Chai catchment, Maragheh county)
morteza Mofidi Chelan gholamali Heshmati

Abstract To manage rangeland ecosystems, identification of their components and interactions including soil and vegetation is of great deal of importance. The present study was aimed to compare the effects of different Ecological patches on soil qualitative attributes More

Abstract To manage rangeland ecosystems, identification of their components and interactions including soil and vegetation is of great deal of importance. The present study was aimed to compare the effects of different Ecological patches on soil qualitative attributes (stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling) using landscape function analysis model as well as to identify vegetation indices in Sofi Chai basin located at Maragheh. For sampling purpose, number of 5 transects in 50 m length in were established in downslope as per randomized-systematic method along which four Ecological patches, grasses, shrub - grass and forbs and interpatch bare soil were identified. 5 replicates of each patch were determined and eleven soil surface indices were scored as per landscape function analysis. The results show that all three indicators of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling were differed significantly among Ecological patches. The maximum amount of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling and the minimum one was relate to shrubs and bare soils respectively. It can be note that shrubs and shrubs-grass patches showed better performance than others. investigation of function attributes in the different Ecological patches can help to identify effective reagents for healthy rangeland vegetation and the assessment of these reagents can be faster and time and cost-effective to study soil qualitative and quantitative sustainability indicators, infiltration and soil nutrient cycling can be realized. It can serve as important step for the evaluation, management and planning future of natural ecosystems.     Abstract To manage rangeland ecosystems, identification of their components and interactions including soil and vegetation is of great deal of importance. The present study was aimed to compare the effects of different Ecological patches on soil qualitative attributes (stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling) using landscape function analysis model as well as to identify vegetation indices in Sofi Chai basin located at Maragheh. For sampling purpose, number of 5 transects in 50 m length in were established in downslope as per randomized-systematic method along which four Ecological patches, grasses, shrub - grass and forbs and interpatch bare soil were identified. 5 replicates of each patch were determined and eleven soil surface indices were scored as per landscape function analysis. The results show that all three indicators of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling were differed significantly among Ecological patches. The maximum amount of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling and the minimum one was relate to shrubs and bare soils respectively. It can be note that shrubs and shrubs-grass patches showed better performance than others. investigation of function attributes in the different Ecological patches can help to identify effective reagents for healthy rangeland vegetation and the assessment of these reagents can be faster and time and cost-effective to study soil qualitative and quantitative sustainability indicators, infiltration and soil nutrient cycling can be realized. It can serve as important step for the evaluation, management and planning future of natural ecosystems. �ربوط به لکه بوته و کمترین مقدار آن مربوط به خاک لخت می باشد. می توان گفت لکه های بوته ها و بوته- گندمیان از ویژگیهای عملکردی بهتری نسبت به دیگر لکه ها برخوردار بودند. بررسی ویژگیهای عملکردی لکه های اکولوژیک مختلف می تواند کمک زیادی به شناسایی معرفهای گیاهی موثر در سلامت اکوسیستم نموده و با ارزیابی این معرفها می توان سریعتر و با صرف وقت و هزینه کمتری به وضعیت کیفی سطح خاک پی برد که می تواند گامی مهم برای ارزیابی، مدیریت و برنامه ریزیهای آینده در این اکوسیستم های طبیعی باشد.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

156 - Comparison Investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees in reserved and unreserved areas (case study: Bagh–e shadi protected area, Yazd)
Fariborz Irandoost mohammadhasan emtehani bahman kiani hedayatollah mirshamsi

Abstract   And comparison quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees In two parts of reserved and unreserved (Each with an area of 120 hectares), Protected area of  Bagh-e shadi in Yazd Province, first a 200*200 meters gride include 30 sampl More

Abstract   And comparison quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees In two parts of reserved and unreserved (Each with an area of 120 hectares), Protected area of  Bagh-e shadi in Yazd Province, first a 200*200 meters gride include 30 sampling plot was used in each reserved and unreserved areas. A total of 60 samples were systematic random selected with a fixed area of 12 R. In each plot the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees (Such as: Number of trees, height of trees, Collar diameter, Its shape, large and small diameters of the crown, Regeneration, pest, dieback, bounce were measured and recorded. Both of these areas have a gradient of over 12%, and the general direction is to the east Based on the results of data analysis and applying normalization tests, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U and Independent T, Average of the DRC in two parts of reserved and unreserved was:17.64 and 23.3 cm, and The number of seedlings per hectare was: 2.7777 and 0.4321, respectively. Percentage of canopy per hectare of maple was: 5.18% and 3.18%, and Average density of maple was:69.1667 and 46.4516 Number per hectare, respectively. Average density of mass was:180.27 and 106.66 Number per hectare, respectively. Percentage of maple as compared to the total mass was:38.36% and 43.55%, respectively. Average number of bounce was: 44.4 and 31, respectively. Overall, in terms of quantitative characteristics There was a better Condition in the reserved area. About qualitative characteristics, Average number of trees with dieback in two parts of reserved and unreserved was:46.33 and 35.08 Number per hectare, respectively. The average number of pest’s maple was: 43 and 7.7 Number per hectare, respectively. From the qualitative point of view, trees of unreserved area were less pest and dieback. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

157 - Evaluation of some quantitative and qualitative properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruit during the last stages of maturation
mehdi panahi Jafar Hajilou Nader Chaparzadeh

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid by consumers to cornelian cherry fruit, which is rich in antioxidants. This research was carried out based on a randomized complete block design for evaluation of the variations in some quantitative and qualitative pro More

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid by consumers to cornelian cherry fruit, which is rich in antioxidants. This research was carried out based on a randomized complete block design for evaluation of the variations in some quantitative and qualitative properties of cornelian cherry fruits during the last stages of maturation in 2015. Fruits were harvested at 4 different times and from 4 main geographical directions of the tree and were then immediately transferred to the laboratory. Several parameters such as dimension (length and width), weight, firmness, pH, total soluble solids (TSS), total titratable acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, and total antioxidant capacity of the fruits were investigated. The results showed that the effect of different harvest dates on all traits was significant (P<0.05) while no significant differences were observed between replications. During fruit ripening, weight, dimension, pH, TSS, TSS/TA ratio, total flavonoids, and total anthocyanins increased while firmness, TA, total phenol, and total antioxidant capacity decreased. The content of ascorbic acid increased during fruits ripening, but it reduced again in the last harvest. The results indicate that the third harvest time (16.63 Brix level) can be the best harvest date for this genotype. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

158 - Evaluation of some primary and secondary metabolites of medicinal plant Proveskia abrotanoides Karel. in different phenological stages
Somaye Sabbagh Maryam Niakan Ibrahim Gholamali pour Alamdari

To evaluate the quality and quantity of primary and secondary metabolites at different phenological stages of Brazmbl medicinal plants, plant organs at both vegetative and flowering stages of Vamanan region in Āzādshahr were collected and dried. Whole plant extracts fro More

To evaluate the quality and quantity of primary and secondary metabolites at different phenological stages of Brazmbl medicinal plants, plant organs at both vegetative and flowering stages of Vamanan region in Āzādshahr were collected and dried. Whole plant extracts from Proveskia abrotanoides were used in this study at both vegetative and flowering stages to identify and evaluate the quality of tannins, saponins, anthocyanins and terpenoids compounds, flavones, and flavonoids. Also some primary metabolites such as soluble and insoluble carbohydrates, proline and total phenol in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of plant were evaluated quantitatively. Qualitative analysis showed that saponins, anthocyanin, and tannin compounds were present at both vegetative and flowering stages of Proveskia abrotanoides. Also, quantitative analysis showed the maximum amount of starch in the root and the highest concentration of soluble carbohydrates, proline, and phenolic compounds in the leaves at vegetative stage. Overall, the results showed that at the vegetative stage regardless of starch, leaves had the highest soluble carbohydrates, proline, and phenolic compounds while at the reproductive stage root contained the highest level of these compounds. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

159 - An Evaluation of Urban Land Use in Zarghan Using an Environmental Quality Approach
Soleyman Mohammadi Dust Mohammad Ali Khanizadeh

Urban land use planning is the core of the urban planning system. The purpose of land use planning is proposing an appropriate configuration and placing for urban land using and activities, especially in towns with a combined land using by lots of variety. Achieving thi More

Urban land use planning is the core of the urban planning system. The purpose of land use planning is proposing an appropriate configuration and placing for urban land using and activities, especially in towns with a combined land using by lots of variety. Achieving this goal requires an understanding of space allocation and land distribution among users that is possible by using qualitative and quantitative methods. In this paper, we evaluate the land using in Zarghan downtown.For this purpose, we used quantitative and qualitative assessment. In quantitative assessment we discussed about the capital account and compared them with existing standards. In qualitative evaluation, by using environmental quality indicators we established the questionairs and spread them among residents. Data collection methods contains the field, library, interviews with officials and residents and develop a questionnaire. Results of Zarghan show that expanding urban population has increased in recent decades and it is causing an imbalance in the distribution of land uses. This growth is negligible and although currently not lead to deterioration of the situation but has taken an upward trend. Capitation of lots of land useage is match with existing standards and satisfaction has earned favorable to the residents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

160 - Qualitative and quantitative assessment of urban land use with an emphasis on sustainability of residential areas, Case Study; Dehgolan City (kurdestan Province)
Issa Ebrahimzadeh Jamil Ghadermazi

 Land use planning is at outmost importance in urban planning. Monitoring and spatial organizing of local and functions of cities is an important factor in resistant development. The resistance of residential functions for urban development is important as well. Th More

 Land use planning is at outmost importance in urban planning. Monitoring and spatial organizing of local and functions of cities is an important factor in resistant development. The resistance of residential functions for urban development is important as well. Therefore,  this study tends to survey the quantities and qualitativenature of land use of Dehgolan city development process. This study aimed to assess the quality and quantity of urban land use with an emphasis on sustainability and strengthening residential users in Dehgolan. Methods of investigation include analytical - applied method which incompasses  the use of qualitative and quantitative assessment of Dehgolan city land use; process across which quantitative assessment criteria for residential users were deployed  by making use of rigid planing and authors' field observations to provide triangulating suport. In this study, in order to evaluate the quality and consistency of residential users of the software with other users’ and in order to probe qualitative land use consistency for residential purposes an evaluation of ARC GIS and Distance model  were applied. The results showed the lack of age of personal share for most users; primarily residential users that was observed to be  about 15.11 square meters. Residential neighborhoods possess the so much differnce for the uses adjacency. Therefore, in most residential sites due to the inconsistency in use or lack of residential users dedicated to it Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

161 - Metadiscourse Markers in Quantitative and Qualitative Applied Linguistics Research Articles' Discussions: A Comparative Study
Marzieh Bagherkazemi Milad Moradpour Moghadam Vajargahi S. Sadat Javadi

10.30495/jfl.2022.697360

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Open Access Article

162 - The Educational Model of Social Constructivism and Its Impact on Academic Achievement and Critical Thinking
Batool Ghaedi Abbas Gholtash Seyed Ahmad Hashemi Ali Asghar Mashinchi

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Open Access Article

163 - A look at the relationship between proportions in the system of creation and architectural proportions in Islamic monuments of Iran
Majid Taheri Demneh Aboozar Majlesi Koopayi Shirin Toghyani

Proportion is the relationship between dimensions, and in the visual arts it implies a proper relationship between components with each other and with the totality formed by the components. In addition to the relationship between dimensions, there are qualitative or, in More

Proportion is the relationship between dimensions, and in the visual arts it implies a proper relationship between components with each other and with the totality formed by the components. In addition to the relationship between dimensions, there are qualitative or, in other words, appropriate proportions in place of the system of creation and in human constructions. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportion in the system of existence and the placement of everything in its place, which is the same qualitative proportion, which is also called developmental justice. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, it was concluded that quantitative and qualitative proportions as a manifestation of God's goodness in creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works, including architecture. The divine goodness that is manifested in the creatures manifested in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc., is expressed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions represent the divine justice and destiny and the manifestation of his goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as comprehensive and all-encompassing balance and proportion, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relations, and observance of proportion means beauty in its true sense. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

164 - Impact of Fleet Renovation on the Productivity of Iran’s Road Transportation Industry
farhad khodadad kashi samaneh nourani azad bahareh ghanbari

    The main purpose of this article is to evaluation the impact of fleet renovation on productivity of Iran’s road transportation industry. To meet this ends the data of the Iranian road transportation and the capital-embodied technical progress g More

    The main purpose of this article is to evaluation the impact of fleet renovation on productivity of Iran’s road transportation industry. To meet this ends the data of the Iranian road transportation and the capital-embodied technical progress growth model were used during 1353-1393. The results of capital inventory and labor coefficients showed that the return to scale in the Iran’s road transportation was constant. Also, in this sector, new investment and renovation increased moreover the average age of the fleet reduced and it has resulted to the growth rate of qualitative capital and productivity increased. Therefore, in Iran's road transportation, the direct relationship between fleet renovation and productivity is confirmed. So, the use of superior technology equipment and the replacement of fleets by new and advanced fleets are recommended. Manuscript profile

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165 - Development of New Technique for Reverse Engineering by Microstructure Features Detection
Ahmed Hebatalrahman

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166 - Explaining the Paradigm Model of the Urban Branding Process through Analyzing the Qualitative Content of Isfahan's Strategic Branding Plan
Pardis Pakan Hadi Sarvari Maryam Daneshvar

Today, cities are increasingly competing with each other to attract more and more tourists, investors and companies, new citizens, and a valuable and creative workforce. However, city branding plays an effective role to attract or repel them. Therefore, preparing strate More

Today, cities are increasingly competing with each other to attract more and more tourists, investors and companies, new citizens, and a valuable and creative workforce. However, city branding plays an effective role to attract or repel them. Therefore, preparing strategic urban branding plans to recover and promote the brand of cities is of great importance. In Iran, some efforts in this regard such as the strategic branding plan of Isfahan, Tehran, and the strategic plan of the visual identity of Mashhad and Kelardasht have been made. Therefore, studying the effects and evaluation of strategic urban branding plans can improve the quality of strategic city branding programs in Iran. As a result, studying the effectiveness and efficiency of these strategic plans is of high importance. In this research, the qualitative content analysis method was used to study the strategic branding plan of Isfahan and identify the components of urban branding according to the existing documents. To do so, the emphasized or neglected dimensions were identified and presented in Isfahan’s branding. The purpose of this study is to determine the components of city branding and the way the dimensions of the subject are emphasized or neglected in the existing document.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - Evolution Trends of Cell Phone Usage in Primary School Students
Morteza Manteghi

The goal of this research was to investigate the evolution trend of cell phone usage in primary school children. The research method was qualitative and the type was grounded theory. The study sample included 115 girl and boy cell phone users who studied from 1st to 6th More

The goal of this research was to investigate the evolution trend of cell phone usage in primary school children. The research method was qualitative and the type was grounded theory. The study sample included 115 girl and boy cell phone users who studied from 1st to 6th grade in primary school. The sampling of the research was purposeful. The results of the study indicated that girl and boy cell phone users at early grades of primary school, after getting acquainted with some features of cell phones (like communications, entertainment, education and services) use it positively. But at higher grades of primary school, due to lack of necessary cultural grounding in society, school and family for proper usage of cell phones, the application of cell phones gradually drifts towards improper usages (like time wasting, call disturbing, malignity, snobbery, facilitation of girls and boys relationships, SMS loves, call credit exploitation, playing with Bluetooth, disclosure of individuals' private information, improper or pornography photos and videos applications, electronic aggression, finding hidden identity, identity disorientation, and cell phone addiction). Therefore, to avoid these issues, it is necessary for cultural and educational authorities and students’ parents to make a big effort for cultural grounding for proper and useful application of cell phones.  Manuscript profile

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168 - Identifying the Critical Success Factors in the academic E-Learning Centers (Qualitative Study)
Abasalt Khorasani Farnoush A'lami Shirzad Razavizadeh

Understanding of the components and factors affecting success on e-learning helps the decision-makers adopt a suitable policy for investment in effective factors and re-design or omit non effective ones. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify the critica More

Understanding of the components and factors affecting success on e-learning helps the decision-makers adopt a suitable policy for investment in effective factors and re-design or omit non effective ones. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to identify the critical success factors in the academic e-learning centers. The present study is developmental regarding to the objective, and qualitative concerning data collection. The sample includes 10 main experts having management, research and teaching experiences in the domain of E-learning. The participants were selected through purposive sampling. To identify the factors, semi-structured interview was used as the data collection instrument. Then, the collected data was analyzed through open codifying and axial codifying based on content-analysis. The critical success factors of academic e-learning centers, based on the ideas of the participants, were found to be 7 factors: learner, instructor, technology, management, pedagogy, evaluation, and outdoor beneficiary, which should have 47 features to reach success. Manuscript profile

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169 - Phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of professors and students of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system
Mina Karimi

Abstract The present study uses a qualitative and phenomenological approach to analyze the lived experiences of students and professors of the challenges of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system. Participants in the study included 25 students in diffe More

Abstract The present study uses a qualitative and phenomenological approach to analyze the lived experiences of students and professors of the challenges of virtual education in the Iranian higher education system. Participants in the study included 25 students in different undergraduate fields and 15 faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Khodabandeh Branch with different educational orientations who had at least five years of teaching experience and were selected using purposive sampling method. Semi-structured individual interview method was used to collect data to reach theoretical saturation. The obtained data were analyzed using thematic coding method and the findings were organized in the form of open, axial and selected codes. Findings from the lived experiences of students and professors were identified in 3 main themes (advantages of using e-learning, problems of using e-learning and finally providing suggestions for improving and upgrading these trainings) and 6 sub-themes) (Economic, educational, health, temporal, cultural and technological). Manuscript profile

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170 - Identifying the consequences of promoting digital capital in the country's higher education system: a qualitative analysis
Morteza Javidpour Mehdi Moeinikia Salim kazami Shahram Mehravar Giglou

The purpose of this research is to identify the consequences of promoting digital capital in the country's higher education system. The main determination of qualitative method and descriptive phenomenological type with purposeful sampling and semi-structured inter More

The purpose of this research is to identify the consequences of promoting digital capital in the country's higher education system. The main determination of qualitative method and descriptive phenomenological type with purposeful sampling and semi-structured interview tool was used to collect data. The participation of researchers and experts in the field of communication and university administrators formed a group of 14 people from technology after theoretical saturation, who were selected as a purposeful sampling. Data analysis was done using thematic analysis and descriptive-interpretive method. The results show that the development of digital capital in the higher education system has individual consequences (digital literacy, online data research, digital business, digital dependence), organizational (digital transformation, performance, becoming intelligent, productivity, job satisfaction) and It is social (digital citizen, digital gap reduction, social self-efficacy, digital economy). As they have digital investments, they can adapt to new technologies, even if they still need to acquire digital literacy. The sheer presence of digital capital determines how efficiently they achieve digital literacy. Manuscript profile

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171 - An Analysis of Online Teaching of Primary School Teachers in Sanandaj in the Shad Network during the Corona Crisis: A Qualitative Study
rafigh hasani farhad saidi

This study was conducted to understand the experience of online teaching of primary school teachers in Sanandaj in the context of the shad network during the coronavirus crisis.The present study was conducted in a qualitative and in the form of descriptive phenomenology More

This study was conducted to understand the experience of online teaching of primary school teachers in Sanandaj in the context of the shad network during the coronavirus crisis.The present study was conducted in a qualitative and in the form of descriptive phenomenology with purposive sampling, with the participation of 21 primary school teachers in Sanandaj in the academic year 2020-2021. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews. Findings from teachers'' experiences in three main themes and 17 sub-themes including positive and satisfying experience, utilizing the power and expertise of others (teachers, parents and students), familiarity with up-to-date educational technologies, Skills in creating effective communication and interaction with the use of new technologies in the field of education, skills to motivate students, relative satisfaction of teachers with program updating (process of adding facilities), improving the ability and interest in using new technology in Education, teachers'' synergy with each other, lack of cooperation of effective factors in learning, lack of favorable interaction (teacher, student and parents), lack of motivation of students and parents, hardware problems, unfamiliarity of teachers, parents and students with teaching And the lack of a virtual electronic board, providing challenging assignments to students and holding in-service courses has been extracted. Manuscript profile

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172 - Presenting a Conceptual Model of Digital Learning in the Higher Education System: Qualitative Research
abdolrahim nave ebrahim kobra khabare

The present study was conducted to present a conceptual model of digital learning. In order to conduct the present study, a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method were used. The purpose of the Meta synthesis is to extract a new understanding by comparing and c More

The present study was conducted to present a conceptual model of digital learning. In order to conduct the present study, a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method were used. The purpose of the Meta synthesis is to extract a new understanding by comparing and combining the findings of multiple studies. The research population included all articles, books, work reports and university publications in more than 3000, from which 60 documents were selected and analyzed. This method is based on Sandelowski& Barros,with seven steps. Open and axial coding were used to analyze the data. The results indicate the identification of 11 key components for developing a digital learning model. These components include professor digital readiness, student digital readiness, digital knowledge management, Digital support, Digital quality, Digital management, Digital interactions, Digital technology, Digital evaluation, Digital teaching and learning, and Digital content. Specific components and elements have been identified for each of these components, and finally, suggestions have been made in accordance with these components. Manuscript profile

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173 - پژوهش کیفی تکنیک های روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل بر دیدگاه زبان آموزان ایرانی از طریق سیستم مدیریت زبان اِل اِم اِس
مرضیه سبزواری ندا فاتحی راد مسعود تاج الدینی

10.30495/lct.2023.1988940.1090

این پژوهش کیفی با هدف بررسی تأثیر تکنیک‌های روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل در کلاس‌های زبان انگلیسی بر دیدگاه زبان‌آموزان ایرانی در محیط سیستم مدیریت زبان  اِل اِم اِس انجام شد. بدین منظور، 32 زبان آموز سطح متوسطه یکی از مؤسسات زبان کرمان به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده More

این پژوهش کیفی با هدف بررسی تأثیر تکنیک‌های روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل در کلاس‌های زبان انگلیسی بر دیدگاه زبان‌آموزان ایرانی در محیط سیستم مدیریت زبان  اِل اِم اِس انجام شد. بدین منظور، 32 زبان آموز سطح متوسطه یکی از مؤسسات زبان کرمان به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها شامل آزمون همگن و مصاحبه های مرتبط بود. شرکت کنندگان، آموزش تکنیک های داربستی متقابل را در کلاس آنلاین خود از طریق اِل اِم اِس دریافت کردند. آنها راهبردهای آموزشی را که استقلال فراگیران را در محیط  اِل اِم اِس تشویق می کرد، تمرین کردند. در پایان دوره با شرکت کنندگان بر اساس تکنیک اشباع داده ها مصاحبه شد. نتایج مصاحبه دیدگاه مثبت و منفی زبان آموزان را نسبت به استفاده از این استراتژی ها در محیط  اِل اِم اِس بررسی کرد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از آموزش متقابل و داربستی و ادغام آنها فرصت های یادگیری بیشتری را در خصوص منابع یادگیری اضافی در چارچوب  اِل اِم اِس ارائه می دهد. مراحل پایانی روش داربستی متقابل مربوط به استقلال و خودمختاری زبان آموزان بود، بنابراین آنها می توانستند منابع اضافی را بدون کمک گرفتن از معلم مطالعه کنند. در مجموع، همه عوامل منجر به رضایت بالای فراگیران از تکنیک ها شد. این پژوهش برخی مفاهیم آموزشی را برای معلمان و زبان آموزان در استفاده از تکنیک های داربستی متقابل در محیط یادگیری زبان خارجه پیشنهاد کرد. Manuscript profile

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174 - بررسی کیفی راهبردهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدیریت کلاس درس: تکیه بر راهبردهای فرهنگی
زهره جعفری لیلا انجم شعاع ندا فاتحی راد

10.30495/lct.2023.1994765.1097

هدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروه‌های آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتس‌اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طر More

هدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروه‌های آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتس‌اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه باز و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. با توجه به نتایج، راهبردهای بسیاری شناسایی شد که دراین تحقیق ارائه شده اند. مهمترین آنها استفاده از دانش دریافتی از طریق تحصیلات آکادمیک، استفاده از تجربیات شخصی، مدیریت نیازهای دانش آموزان، ارائه و دریافت بازخورد از کلاس درس، تدریس بر اساس اخلاق حرفه ای و در نظر گرفتن مسائل فرهنگی است. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان داد که معلمان زبان انگلیسی ملزم به توسل به راهبردهای فرهنگی برای تبدیل منابع دانش مدیریت کلاس درس به فعالیت های عملی هستند. این یافته ها دستاوردهایی برای محققان آموزش معلمان زبان انگلیسی، سیاست گذاران، توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی و معلمان دارد. مهم تر اینکه این تحقیق می تواند در برنامه های آماده سازی معلمان در آماده کردن معلمان برای مدیریت کلاس درس در آینده مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile

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175 - Qualitative model of the social and psychological effect of city tourism of pilgrimage on cityzenship in Shiraz
سوسن سهامی

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect city tourism of pilgrimage on cityzenship, and the qualitative review of the concepts emerged in the pilgrim experiences is possible for the pilgrims of Shiraz. Research method: The present study is a qualitative a More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect city tourism of pilgrimage on cityzenship, and the qualitative review of the concepts emerged in the pilgrim experiences is possible for the pilgrims of Shiraz. Research method: The present study is a qualitative and semi-structured interview technique. A community of pilgrims of holy places . Sampling method is based on the purpose of sampling. The sample consists of 24 pilgrims. Findings showe that The researcher first extracted the basic concepts using the interviews . axial, and selective coding, 283 concepts have revealed 67 sub-categories and 7 main categories. In the paradigm model of this study, the axial coding elements of the main concept of a safe public place in the city with various individual and social functions have emerged for the citizens. Citizens in this place experience civic cohesion by performing group worship ,and performing rituals and rites of pilgrimage is a social participation Which promotes a culture of citizenship.The spiritual effect of pilgrimage on the individual ultimately causes citizen satisfaction , citizenship and improves the social cohesion of citizenship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

176 - Designing an organizational intelligence model in Bank Mellat branches with a focus on sustainable development
Seyedali Mirasgari Tootian sedigeh gholamreza memarzadeh tehran gholamreza hashemzadeh khorasgani

10.30495/uf.2023.1994249.1146

The present research conducted with the aim of studying indicators of organizational intelligence with the focus on sustainable development and developing the relevant model in Bank Mellat. This was interpretative-inductive research using a mixed exploratory method. In More

The present research conducted with the aim of studying indicators of organizational intelligence with the focus on sustainable development and developing the relevant model in Bank Mellat. This was interpretative-inductive research using a mixed exploratory method. In the qualitative part, the interview tool and thematic analysis method were used, and in the quantitative part, the questionnaire and confirmatory factor analysis method were used. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative part was university experts and in the field of smart banking, and in the quantitative part the employees of Mellat Bank. For data analysis, interview technique and thematic analysis method were used in the qualitative part, and statistical tests and measurement model were used in the quantitative part. The software used were SPSS-18 and Smart-Pls 2. The findings indicate that organizational intelligence includes four indicators of strategic reforms, scientific capability, intelligent service and digital transformations. Also, sustainable development includes three components of financial sustainability, social sustainability and environmental sustainability. The results of predictive correlation index and model fit showed that organizational intelligence has a positive and favorable effect on sustainable development. Bank Mellat has been able to take important and effective steps in the field of intelligentization based on sustainable development. This shows the high power of this organization in making smart and achieving the pillars of sustainable development. Manuscript profile

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177 - study the status of indication of social housing in the rural of Rasht town
M.R. Porghafar Maghferati E. pourramzan

Housing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitat More

Housing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative assessment of social housing indicators in rural areas of Rasht county. The methodology used in this study is a combination of descriptive and analytical method and in terms of target is a practical research. Required information was obtained through documentary sources of six censuses conducted during the years of 1967 to 2012. The results revealed that social quantitative indicators of housing including : household density per dwelling, density of persons per room, density of persons per dwelling, distribution of housing units by number of rooms and households, is more appropriate and favorable than in the past. Moreover, qualitative social indicators of housing, namely, floor area of dwelling, durability of construction materials, ownership, way of possessing, infrastructure, facilities, show a growing trend and relative improvement although there are still some problems and shortcomings. Manuscript profile

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178 - Analysis of Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Rural Development Management with Emphasis on the operation of Ruran Councils (Case Study: Ruran Councils of Shanderman District)
leila sayyad bidhendi yaser gholipour mohammad eskandari nodeh

The rural management system in Iran faces problems such as attitudes in planning and resource distribution, technocratic and government-oriented governance, low agricultural productivity ratio, unfavorable situation of rural education and low participation in rural deve More

The rural management system in Iran faces problems such as attitudes in planning and resource distribution, technocratic and government-oriented governance, low agricultural productivity ratio, unfavorable situation of rural education and low participation in rural development planning. On the other hand, rural councils are considered as a fledgling institution and as a new rural management and executive managers at the village level. The aim of this study is to identify the factors affecting the sustainability of rural development management according to the performance of rural councils in Shanderman district. The research seeks to answer the question: According to which factors, the operation of rural councils affects the sustainability? Research is in nature, applied and developmental and is considered as qualitative research. The statistical population in the qualitative stage includes a group of experts and university professors who are first selected in a purposeful manner and in the form of snowballs. Data were then collected by Delphi method in two stages with semi-structured interview. Interview data were analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding to classify concepts and categories. Findings show that the operation of rural councils in the form of 7 general indicators is effective in sustainable management of rural development. Environmental index, socio-cultural index, economic index, planning index, institutional-organizational index, administrative index and physical index that are extracted and their relations are evaluated with, through axial coding process by selective coding of sustainable development management. Manuscript profile

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179 - Meta-analysis of the most important factors of place of sense in public and virtual spaces (Case study: Public space of Rasht city center)
Hoseyn Reza Keshavarz Ghadimi manouchehr Tabibian Maryam moinifar

Introduction: The concept of sense of place refers to the emotional connection that an individual has with a physical location. This connection can be influenced by personal experiences and perceptions. As virtual media continues to grow, it impacts the sense of place i More

Introduction: The concept of sense of place refers to the emotional connection that an individual has with a physical location. This connection can be influenced by personal experiences and perceptions. As virtual media continues to grow, it impacts the sense of place in physical and virtual spaces.Research Aim: This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the sense of place in public and virtual spaces and provide a theoretical framework for urban planners and cyber activists to promote a stronger sense of place.Methodology: The study utilizes qualitative meta-composition by analyzing selected articles through Sandlowski and Barso's methods. The research focuses on identifying the most important factors affecting the sense of place in real and virtual public spaces. Relevant literature was reviewed through scientific databases and reputable journals, with articles being selected based on their relevance to the research topic. A total of 45 articles were analyzed using qualitative or meta-combined content analysis, following the Critical Assessment Skills Program (CASP) checklist.Studied Areas: The most important public space of the city of Rasht, which is located in its central context, has been selected as a case study. This area has uses of heritage value and hence it is a valuable historical fabric of Rasht city. In addition to having rare aesthetic values and the most important place for the creation and continuation of the collective memories and identity of the city, the mentioned fabric is also known as an important pole of the city's commercial, cultural and recreational activities.Results: The study found that the issue of a sense of place in cyberspace is recognized, and the most important factors affecting the sense of place in public spaces are physical, functional, meaning, art and beauty, environmental, and demographic dimensions. The most important factors in cyberspace are physical and non-physical dimensions. The sense of place in cyberspace has similarities with the indicators in public spaces, and both impact each other.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study suggests that cyberspace creates a unique sense of place and has a significant impact on participation, critique, rationality, and communication. While physical presence is necessary in public spaces, virtual presence has expanded the possibility of experiencing space for the first time. It can increase the sense of place in that real space. Therefore, urban planners and cyber activists need to consider the factors that affect the sense of place in both physical and virtual spaces to promote a stronger emotional connection to place. Keywords for this study include sense of place, sense of cyberspace, public space, cyberspace, and qualitative meta-composition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

180 - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Housing in Borazjan City after the Revolution and Estimating the Need for Housing in 1405
Majid shams ali safarirad ahmad ghasemi

Housing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us  a visual picture of the housing situation and  revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Bous More

Housing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us  a visual picture of the housing situation and  revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Boushehr province. This paper used survey method (descriptive-analytical) and  field studies to gather data. In this paper first housing conditions in the city under study is determined through reviewing  the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in  Borazjan city and comparing it with urban areas of Boushehr province and  country, , then the projected population and number of housing units needed till 1405will be predicated. The results show that the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the state of housing in the city has been  improved during the period 90-1365, comparing to urban areas of Boushehr province has quantitatively better conditions, But comparing to the urban areas of the country has been Located in the lower-order, but in terms of quality indicators is at a lower level than the urban areas of the province and the country. Then the population of Borazjan city has been estimated and determined that 10,964 new housing units are needed till 1405. If the demand for housing in this period is only 8105 units, it covers 73/9 the percentage of housing  needs . At the end , regarding  the existing power in the range of Borazjan city (dissociation of tissue and dilapidated housing), it is identified that by using the maximum use of them and adopting  appropriate residential development68/7 percent of the city's future needs within the city will be  provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

181 - Evaluation the Effects of Superabsorbent on Qualitative Characteristics of Lawn
F. Sheikhmoradi I. Argi V. Abdosi A. Esmaeili

Water sources optimizing required a suitable irrigation program. Different material can use to increase water use efficiency. Superabsorbent is one of the materials where used in around the world. These materials put in the soil and absorb water so that reserved water i More

Water sources optimizing required a suitable irrigation program. Different material can use to increase water use efficiency. Superabsorbent is one of the materials where used in around the world. These materials put in the soil and absorb water so that reserved water is usable by plant in the time of drought stress and they can reduce stress and lead to prevent yield loss. Therefore, the experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of different superabsorbent and irrigation cycles on lawn. A split plot experiment based on randomized block design with three replications was used. Irrigation cycles and superabsorbent amounts used as main-plot and sub-plots respectively. Four irrigation periods (1, 2, 4 and 6 days) and four superabsorbent amounts (0, 20, 25 and 30 g/m2) were used as experimental treatments. One-day irrigation interval and zero superabsorbent amounts were used as control. Lawn water requirement was calculate by evaporation from a pan class. Results showed that superabsorbent amount had significant effect on shoot height, total chlorophyll and plant density. Results showed that lawn performance was higher in 30 g/m2 of superabsorbent amount at two-day irrigation cycle. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

182 - The Effectiveness of Whole Concentration of Homemade Herbal Distillates on the Result of Qualitative Methanol Detection by the Chromotropic Acid Method
A. Rafizadeh R. NasiriFard M. Nasoori Gazni M. Haghshanas F. Jmali Bivarzani L. PoorMohammad

The occurrence of blindness after drinking some herbaceous distillates is created some anxieties in Iran. In this study, the effectiveness of concentration of Khalvash distillate was studied on the function of the new modified suggested chromotropic acid method for qual More

The occurrence of blindness after drinking some herbaceous distillates is created some anxieties in Iran. In this study, the effectiveness of concentration of Khalvash distillate was studied on the function of the new modified suggested chromotropic acid method for qualitative detection of methanol. For this purpose, three samples of Khalvash distillate were purchased from vendors of Rasht. According to the obtained results, due to special chemicals and their high concentrations in the studied homemade samples, using of 1: 5 dilution ratio in the distillate water is necessary for test performance. Also, it was confirmed that methanol was present in all Khalvash samples like other herbal ones. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

183 - The Role of Women's Employment in the Economy and Family Rights (Qualitative Study with Rural Women in Iran)
Sara Pezeshki Seyed Alireza Hosseini Mohammad Hossein Nazemi Ashni

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

184 - Qualitative study of issues and problems of Tamarchin informal border crossing of Piranshahr and provide suitable solutions to improve its performance .
fariba azizzadeh nader jahani

Tamarchin informal border crossing of Piranshahr provide widespread opportunites for the residents of Piranshahr.The purpose of this article is surveying the obstacles , objections and problems of residents using of Tamarchin informal border crossing and offering suitab More

Tamarchin informal border crossing of Piranshahr provide widespread opportunites for the residents of Piranshahr.The purpose of this article is surveying the obstacles , objections and problems of residents using of Tamarchin informal border crossing and offering suitable solutions to exit from these problems and also optimized using from this provided situation.This research is using a qualitative approach, in which 16 participants of the community of about 4,500 active informal cross border traders in Tamarchins informal Border Crossing have been selected in sequential , purposive and snow Ball Sampling .The data were required on the basis of semistructeured interview. The data were provided in interviews have been analysised on the basis of content analysis , grounded theory and (open , axil and selective )coding . The categories include : ( the importance of Tamarchin informal border crossing in the border traders situation , Piranshahr city and its border market and other nearby cities – the accountability and services of Piranshahrs authorities such as governor and border regiment – assessment of the method of assigning informal border trading certification by the Piranshahrs border regiment , the governor representative dealing with border traders , the border regiment staff dealing with border traders , the factors of increasing the number of border traders using from border crossing , the factors of decreasing the number of border traders using from border crossing , controlling goods entrance , controlling exit and entrance of border traders , possibility of reciving social security , possibility of having health insurance Card , legal problems in Tamarchin informal border crossing , physical problems Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

185 - Presenting a model of social harms of earthquake-stricken women in Bam
Fatemeh Yazdizadeh Reza Fazel Alireza Saanatkhah

The aim of this study is to present the model of social harms of earthquake-stricken women in Bam, which has been done in a mixed or combined manner. In the qualitative part, which is done with the Grand Theory strategy, the statistical population of the study includes More

The aim of this study is to present the model of social harms of earthquake-stricken women in Bam, which has been done in a mixed or combined manner. In the qualitative part, which is done with the Grand Theory strategy, the statistical population of the study includes the earthquake-stricken women of Bam, 12 of whom have been purposefully selected as the statistical population. Interview analysis was performed according to coding method and based on data analysis, 224 meaningful concepts and propositions were extracted from the text of the interviews. Following the coding process, 218 corresponding concepts were extracted from 224 meaningful propositions. The corresponding concepts became 45 subcategories due to the large number of overlaps and duplicates. Also, due to the closeness and semantic overlap of many pivotal subcategories in the coding stage, 45 existing subcategories have become 17 pivotal categories, which include: crisis living environment, disaster experience, environmental disorders, experience of violence, mourning and bereavement, cultural dominance. Masculinity, the traditional view of disasters, the loss of privacy, adaptation to crisis, self-destructive behaviors, social isolation and withdrawal, fake attempts to improve, sexual harassment, remorse, experience of violence, femininity of injuries, degradation of maternal status with more abstraction These categories include selective coding, a nuclear category described as "the social harms of earthquake-stricken women in a crisis-ridden and disastrous life, and in the context of experiences of violence, mourning, and bereavement, with crisis adaptation strategies, self-defeating, isolated, and isolated behaviors." "Sexual harassment, remorse, the experience of violence, and even the degradation of maternal status have led to the appearance that it can cover all other categories." In the quantitative section, the results of modeling have shown that the extraction pattern has been confirmed with high coefficients. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

186 - The Role of education and gender couples wanting a large family in Isfahan
مسعود دیاریان زهرا رضایی کاظم قجاوند

The aim of this study was to investigate qualitative and quantitative factors reluctance of couples in the number of children. The statistical population includes experts in qualitative and couples living in Isfahan. In the quantitative couple has two children and resid More

The aim of this study was to investigate qualitative and quantitative factors reluctance of couples in the number of children. The statistical population includes experts in qualitative and couples living in Isfahan. In the quantitative couple has two children and resides in the city that has a large family tend not to have been investigated. Number of unit volume and the quality 42 bit 200 people. Management information collected through interviews in qualitative and quantitative research questionnaire was used.   Qualitative results to identify 13 factors were lack of tendency toward large family. The results showed that economic factors, social factors and lack of accountability, the absence of tendency toward large family have the most impact. In quantitative research results showed that couples Esfahani employment of women outside away from home, couples education, lack of awareness of the dangers of encouraging one-child disability, or encourage the greatest impact on the reluctance of couples to have large family. It also compares the views of respondents to questions about gender, about two factors there is a significant difference between education and lack of accountability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

187 - واکاوی مشکلات و موانع پیش‌روی گلخانه‌داران: مطالعه موردی استان اصفهان، ایران
مسعود رمضانی عبدالحمید پاپ زن

هدف پژوهش حاضر واکاوی مشکلات و موانع پیش‌روی گلخانه‌داران استان اصفهان است. در این مطالعه از پارادایم کیفی استفاده شد و  دادههای تحقیق از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختارمند به صورت غیرحضوری (تلفنی) و در برخی موارد با مشاهده و مصاحبه مستقیم جمع‌آوری شد. با تمامی جامعه More

هدف پژوهش حاضر واکاوی مشکلات و موانع پیش‌روی گلخانه‌داران استان اصفهان است. در این مطالعه از پارادایم کیفی استفاده شد و  دادههای تحقیق از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختارمند به صورت غیرحضوری (تلفنی) و در برخی موارد با مشاهده و مصاحبه مستقیم جمع‌آوری شد. با تمامی جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه این پژوهش که 471 نفر بودند تماس گرفته شد، ولی نرخ بازگشت مکالمه تلفنی 279 نفر بود که برای جمعآوری دادهها و اطلاعات مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. به‌منظور تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها و اطلاعات جمع‌آوری شده از تکنیک تحلیل محتوای ساختاری تئوری بنیانی بهره گرفته شد. در تحلیل ساختاری اجزای ساختار مصاحبه، واژه‌ها، مفاهیم و ارتباط میان آنها بر حسب میزان تکرار، تعداد واژه‌ها و اصطلاحات به کاررفته در جمله‌ها شمارش و بررسی گردید تا الگوهای موجود در گفته‌ها کشف شود. در کل 849 مشکل توسط گلخانه‌داران بیان شد. در مرحله کدگذاری باز با ادغام موارد مشابه و حذف موارد تکراری، عبارت‌های استخراج شده در قالب 27 عبارت‌ معنادار فرموله شد. در مرحله کدگذاری محوری، عبارت استخراج شده هشت عامل اصلی را ایجاد کردند. در کدگذری انتخابی مشکلات شناسایی شده در چهار بعد سرمایه انسانی، نظام زیربنایی و پشتیبانی، عوامل برون‌سازمانی و عوامل اقتصادی دسته‌بندی شدند. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که در جدود 50 درصد از مشکلات کشاورزان با سه عامل نوسان شدید قیمت، دلال‌بازی و بالا بودن هزینه سوخت از عمده مشکلات گلخانه‌داران می‌باشد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

188 - Analysis of the phenomenon of managers' decision phobia with a qualitative approach
Zahra Rezaei Ardeshir Shiri

Background and purpose: Undoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers perform in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex that decision makers are faced with many problems. This qualitative research was conducted with the aim of anal More

Background and purpose: Undoubtedly, the most sensitive activity that managers perform in any organization is decision making. But today's world is so complex that decision makers are faced with many problems. This qualitative research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the phenomenon of decision phobia of managers in the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare.Research method: This research is based on fundamental-applicative purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of gathering information, and it is a qualitative research type that was conducted using foundational data theory. 16 interviews were conducted. The result of these interviews was a set of primary themes that were collected during the open coding process and categories were extracted from them. Then, the titles of central, causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors and environmental factors were specified in the paradigm model of decision phobia.Findings: According to the findings, central phenomenon factors, causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, strategies, and environmental factors were identified in the form of a paradigm model.Conclusion: Managers should strive to strengthen their decision-making and problem-solving skills, specialization in the decision-making process, familiar with psychological techniques to eliminate decision phobia and lack of secrecy in decision-making, so that they can overcome decision-phobia in this way. Minimize the work environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

189 - Analyzing the Drivers of Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting: The Application of Meta-synthesis
Mahdi Samei Akram Taftiyan Mahmood Moeinadeen

The main purpose of the current research is to identify, categorize and prioritize the drivers of Islamic social responsibility reporting of the company. In this research, with the approach of qualitative and meta-synthesis (metasynthesis), which includes the 7 steps of More

The main purpose of the current research is to identify, categorize and prioritize the drivers of Islamic social responsibility reporting of the company. In this research, with the approach of qualitative and meta-synthesis (metasynthesis), which includes the 7 steps of Sandelowski and Barso, a systematic evaluation and analysis of 37 cases of previous findings has been done. At the end, the opinions of 29 experts and professors were collected through a questionnaire in 1400, and the effect coefficient of the identified stimuli was determined using the quantitative entropy method. In this research, 78 stimuli were identified, which were categorized into 14 categories and 6 main dimensions. According to the findings of the research, among the identified components, things like charity, protection of natural resources, payment of zakat, education and support for education and Sharia compliance statement are more important than other components. According to the results of the research, with the increase in public awareness, the expectations of the Islamic social responsibility reporting of the company have also increased, and it is expected that the stimuli and pressures can lead to the coherence of this type of reporting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

190 - Designing a Product Development Process Model in Gas Refining Companies Based on Grounded Theory
Hooman Keshavarzi Sayed Javad Iranban Moghadeseh Mohammadian

10.30495/msds.2023.1974735.1103

In today's rapidly changing technological and competitive world, industrial companies must develop new products. In this regard, the aim of this research is to provide a new product development model suitable for the conditions of gas refining companies. This research h More

In today's rapidly changing technological and competitive world, industrial companies must develop new products. In this regard, the aim of this research is to provide a new product development model suitable for the conditions of gas refining companies. This research has used the foundational data theory approach. The statistical population of this research is managers, heads of departments, and experts of the studied refining companies. After conducting 20 semi-structured interviews with experts, this research has modeled the model of the product development process based on the qualitative research strategy and using MAXQDA software. The findings showed that the causal conditions of product development, including the pressures caused by system policies, customer-oriented attitude, and internal organizational factors, lead to product development management. Land conditions include financial-economic, political, legal, technical-technological, governance, and investment considerations. Also, the intervening conditions include infrastructure, management characteristics, employee characteristics, and organizational structure. The main phenomenon is product development. Also, the strategies include forming a product development team, sifting ideas, marketing research, market measurement, speeding up the process of idea to action, the feasibility of production preparations, preparation of production preparations, accurate creativity, and adaptation of strategy horizontally and vertically. Finally, the expected outcomes of product development management include the timely presence of the product in the market and increased sales and exports. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

191 - Study of Quantitative and Qualitative Growth of Scientific Productions in the Field of Professional Health Care: Emphasizing the Field of Sports Science
Mousa Yamin Firouz hossein adabi firozjah Masoud Yamini Firouz

Objective: At present, scientific research and production are considered as one of the main infrastructures of any country's development, and the number of articles published in prestigious journals of the world as well as received citations as well as the quality of ar More

Objective: At present, scientific research and production are considered as one of the main infrastructures of any country's development, and the number of articles published in prestigious journals of the world as well as received citations as well as the quality of articles are among the main criteria for measuring scientific production. Methods: This study used quantitative and qualitative indicators of Scimagojr (SJR) database for analyze the scientific evidence of Iran in four areas: Sport Sciences, Health Information Management, Physiotherapy, Sports Therapy and Professional Health (Professional Health Care Professionals) from the beginning of 1996 to the end of 2016, and the products of these four areas are: They compare each other quantitatively (number of published articles) and qualitatively (Hirsch index). Results: The results of the research showed that during the period of 1996-2016, the most scientific productions in Iran were in the field of sports science (864 scientific degrees) and the lowest scientific output was related to the scientific field of professional health (99 scientific degrees). The country has ranked Iran in the thirty-first place in the world of science, third in the Middle East and sixth Asia. Hirsh in this area was also reported 39, which indicates the poor quality of published articles. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the country of Iran in the studied areas, especially the sports field, is not in a decent position in quantitative and qualitative terms of the articles produced and the average citation received by each article in the sports science is relatively less than the total citations of Iran and less half of the global rate. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

192 - Evaluating the quality level of services provided by the Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICeST) using the Six Sigma methodology.
Ali Bairanvand Mohamad Ebrahim Samiei Sareh Rahmanian

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality level of services provided by the Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICeST) using the Six Sigma methodology. Methodology: The studied population in this research includes the users of (R More

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality level of services provided by the Regional Information Center for Science and Technology (RICeST) using the Six Sigma methodology. Methodology: The studied population in this research includes the users of (RICeST). 120 users in this center have been chosen as the samples by a simple random way. Data collection tool in this study was the LibQUAL Questionnaire. Using this questionnaire, the gap between the customers' expectations and perceptions was identified and analyzed. Data were analyzed using the statistical software "Spss" and the mean and standard deviation were calculated for the obtained data. In each of the evaluated cases, the calculated standard deviation was compared with the sigma level in the output table for the types of sigma in order to specify the qualitative efficiency of services. By this way, the error rate in each of the provided services has been determined. Findings: the findings showed  the employees in the Regional Center for the Science and Technology Information have been able to meet the users' minimum expectations in this center in all cases except the option "The courteous staff"; and have allocated the efficiency 50% which is equal to 500,000 errors per million. In the other words, the average rate was true in all raised options about the staff in this center. The efficiency, 69. 20 percent, obtained from the users view about the quality of existing resources in this center represents their relative satisfaction with the current condition. Only about the option "the presence of a website in the center" the level of users' expectations has been equal to the actual level and the efficiency 99. 97 percent been achieved. The quality of library space at the actual level has been lower than the maximum level of users' expectation, but it has been higher than the level of users' minimum expectations. The efficiency 69. 20 percent about the center space indicates 308,000 errors per million. In this case, it has been far from achieving the desired level or the maximum users' expectations. Conclusion: The results showed that in most cases, Regional Information Center for Science and Technology require to increase the actual level of service. Near the maximum level of expectations with actual service, will result to increase efficiency service quality and the Users ‘satisfaction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

193 - Grounded Theory in Knowledge and Information Science
Shohreh SeyyedHosseini Ahmad Shabani Asefeh Asemi

Purpose: This research aims to study different aspects and characteristics of grounded theory (GT) in accordance with a qualitative studies and information science. Methodology: The current study was conducted by using documentary research method and systematic review More

Purpose: This research aims to study different aspects and characteristics of grounded theory (GT) in accordance with a qualitative studies and information science. Methodology: The current study was conducted by using documentary research method and systematic review of the previous models and patterns. Also, an optimized framework proposed for building theory and evaluating the quality of grounded theory researches. Findings: The results indicated that in order to build theory based upon the grounded theory in knowledge and information science, theorists should focus on “degree of conceptualization” and “theory scope”. According to this, they should first go beyond pure description; then go forward to interpretation step and redefine research problems; and finally reach the structured and evidence-based theories. Additionally theorists should focus on theory scope to get basic concepts, formal concepts and ultimately formal theories. Conclusion: Grounded theory is an inductive and an exploratory methodology that provide a context for researchers in various subject fields to build theory. Researchers build their theories in a systematic way based on a real data, rather than previous theories. Grounded theory is used when our knowledge is limited in one area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

194 - Evaluation of the effect of different types and amounts of foliar application of jasmonate before fruit harvest on functional, physiological, qualitative and medicinal traits of two strawberry cultivars
Mohammad Javad Mahdavi Lasibi Rezvan Karami Borz Abad Abolfazl Baghbani Arani

10.30495/jdb.2022.1939687.1268

To investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz Universi More

To investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz University in 2018. Experimental treatments include two types of jasmonate (jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate) each in five concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM) and (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM) with four replications and three pots in each replication and two strawberry cultivars (Selva and Parus). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of experimental treatments on all studied traits except fruit weight and vitamin C was significant. The results showed that foliar application of jasmonate reduced chlorophyll content and leaf dry weight in both strawberry cultivars, while the highest number of fruits in Selva cultivar was obtained by foliar application of 2 mM jasmonic acid. The results also showed that increasing the concentration of jasmonates by reducing the total acidity and increasing fruit anthocyanins in both cultivars, improved the quality properties of strawberries. In general, Selva cultivar is more effective than jasmonate by producing soluble solids and the ratio of soluble solids to total acidity is more significant and the amount of total acidity is lower than Parus cultivar, it is more desirable in terms of quality. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

195 - Comparative study of qualitative and chemical characteristics of Camarosa and Parus strawberry cultivars during 15 days of storage
Marziyeh Akhond Fariba Heidarizadeh Maryam Kolahi

10.30495/jdb.2022.1941563.1270

Strawberry fruit (Fragaria ananasa) has many uses in the food industry, especially the essential oil and extract obtained from this fruit is used in many food products. In this study, changes in qualitative and chemical traits of two strawberry cultivars during 15 days More

Strawberry fruit (Fragaria ananasa) has many uses in the food industry, especially the essential oil and extract obtained from this fruit is used in many food products. In this study, changes in qualitative and chemical traits of two strawberry cultivars during 15 days of storage at 4 ° C were investigated. The results showed that the firmness of texture, the amount of soluble solids and the taste index in Kamaroza cultivar were significantly higher than Parus cultivar. The pH of both cultivars increased, while during these 15 days the amount of soluble solids and taste index in Parus cultivar increased significantly. Tissue stiffness and weight loss percentage in both cultivars showed a significant decrease during 15 days, but this decrease was more in Kamaroza cultivar. The studied qualitative and chemical traits as well as taste index in two strawberry cultivars were effectively changed during 15 days under the influence of cultivar type and storage period. These studies showed that the type of strawberry cultivar is a determining factor in terms of nutritional value and the content of natural compounds during storage and post-harvest conditions, so that Camarosa cultivar showed a special advantage over Parus cultivar in these respects. Low temperature storage seems to be an efficient way to preserve strawberry fruit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

196 - Identify the components and indicators of emotional intelligence of education managers
Morad Roshani Iraj Nikpay Ebrahim Pourhosseini

Background: Various variables can be effective in improving the ability and performance of school principals. One of the factors that is considered in relation to managers today is paying attention to the manager's emotions or emotional intelligence. so, the aim of this More

Background: Various variables can be effective in improving the ability and performance of school principals. One of the factors that is considered in relation to managers today is paying attention to the manager's emotions or emotional intelligence. so, the aim of this study was to identify the components and indicators of emotional intelligence of Lorestan education managers.Method: The present study was qualitative and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population consisted of 14 university experts in Lorestan province who were purposefully selected and the sample size was based on the theoretical saturation rule. The interview tool was semi-structured and the content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The validity of the findings was assessed through face validity with the view of 4 experts and for reliability, the re-coding method was used, which resulted in the re-coding of 3 interviews of 0.89.Results: The findings showed 54 indicators and 6 components of self-awareness; Other awareness; Adaptability; Communication skills; Motivation and social skills for emotional intelligence.Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that in order to improve the emotional intelligence of education managers, planners and those involved in the education system should be able to act in three areas of individual, motivational and social affecting the emotional intelligence of managers to witness emotional intelligence. It was desirable in managers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

197 - A Mixed-methods Approach to Investigating Iranian EFL Learners’ Attitudes towards Academic Motivation in Learning Vocabulary
Nassim Golaghaei Hengameh Arefinezhad

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

198 - تأثیرمشکلات روانی بر ساخت دستگاه منحصر به فرد فراگیری زبان در بین مدرسان خارجی ایرانی در فرآیند SLA
Milad Omidi Hamid Reza Khalaji Keyvan Mahmoudi

10.30495/ttlt.2024.709393

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Open Access Article

199 - Explaining the relationship between proportions in the creation system with The proportions of Iranian Islamic architecture and the reflection of mystical themes in it
Majid Taheri Damaneh Abuza Majlesi Kupaei Shirin Toghyani

There is humanity. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportionality in the system of existence and putting everything in its place, which is the qualitative proportionality that is also called developmental justice. Appropriate More

There is humanity. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportionality in the system of existence and putting everything in its place, which is the qualitative proportionality that is also called developmental justice. Appropriate location, attention to the environment, use of appropriate materials, appropriateness of structure and architecture, avoiding futility and paying attention to man and all levels of his needs in architecture are among the principles of architecture, the need to pay attention to them is inevitable in the formation of rational or justice-oriented architecture. All the features that are associated with the word appropriateness or appropriateness are some examples of qualitative proportions in Iranian architecture, the proportion of the relationship between sizes, and in the visual arts, it indicates the appropriate relationship between the parts with each other and with the whole formed from the parts. Many examples of beautiful proportions and especially the golden ratio are found in nature (quantitative proportions). Also, in the architectural works of the past, especially the architectural works of Iran in the Islamic period, beautiful proportions have a deep and wide application. In addition to the relationship between sizes, qualitative proportions or in other words occasion are also considered in places of the creation system and in constructions and are considered as a manifestation of central justice. In this research, by examining the quantitative and qualitative proportions in the creation system and in Islamic architecture, the relationship between the two has been explained. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, the conclusion was reached that proportions in the quantitative and qualitative dimension are a manifestation of God's goodness in manifested creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works including architecture. God's goodness that is manifested in the creations in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc. is revealed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions are the expression of God's justice and destiny and the manifestation of His goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as balance and all-round and inclusive proportions, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relationships, and compliance with proportion means beauty in its true sense. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

200 - The Analysis of the Second book of Masnavi
mohamad navid bazargan

In Masnavi studies, often explaining the verses and subject researches have been the main concern. Masnavi consists of six books, and so far the principal thoughts on which the books are based, are not usually discussed. The author of the present article, based on his More

In Masnavi studies, often explaining the verses and subject researches have been the main concern. Masnavi consists of six books, and so far the principal thoughts on which the books are based, are not usually discussed. The author of the present article, based on his years of teaching experience in master level, and employing qualitative content analysis method, tries to demonstrate the themes that are proposed in the 2nd book of Masnavi. This isto show the principal thoughts this book is based on. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

201 - Verbal Communication in Fihi Mā Fihi
مریم صادقی

According to Mowlānā Jalāl-oddin Rumī, speech is the pillar of existence, creator of the course of time and space, initiator of creation, and symbol of identity and behavior. He uses story and proverb for exposition of his own views to guide the audience for understandi More

According to Mowlānā Jalāl-oddin Rumī, speech is the pillar of existence, creator of the course of time and space, initiator of creation, and symbol of identity and behavior. He uses story and proverb for exposition of his own views to guide the audience for understanding the essence of meanings and thoughts. The most important aim of verbal communication is to reach knowledge and benefit from experiences and viewpoints of others. The present article tries to look at verbal communication in Fihi Mā Fihi by using the method of qualitative content analysis. The results show that speech has ten strata and features and it can be studied from two different dimensions: semantics and praxis. We can study verbal communication in Fihi Mā Fihi with respect to capacity of audience and his/her sympathy, reassurance, aphorism, commitment, anxiety, and question and silence.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

202 - Investigate of Perceived Stress in Divorced Adolescent Girls: A Qualitative Study
beigard nasrollahi Hossein keshavarzafshar Keyvan Salehi fahimeh bahonar

The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-st More

The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews and continued until data collection was saturated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Data analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes and 53 sub-themes. The results showed that the sources of stress, positive and negative coping strategies, and the consequences of high stress in girls as the three main themes have a wide range. Therefore, divorce, while disrupting the psychological-emotional balance of family members, causes stress about the future lives of people. In such a way that negative strategies and consequences can overshadow their future and endanger their physical and mental health. According to the results of the research, the need for supportive counseling interventions for this spectrum is felt Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

203 - Investigating the Psychological Experiences of Bereaved Adolescent Girls A Qualitative Study
ٖٖMahrokh Abdaly Aghagoly Azadeh Aminiha

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of grief process in female teenagers who lost her mothers. In line with this purpose, the required data was obtained through qualitative study and phenomenological scheme in 1398-99, through pur- poseful and theore More

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of grief process in female teenagers who lost her mothers. In line with this purpose, the required data was obtained through qualitative study and phenomenological scheme in 1398-99, through pur- poseful and theoretical sampling. To conduct the research, 12 people aged between 13 -18 who live in Tehran were selected, and the sampling process continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. The data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews, then, the content analysis method was used to analyze this information. The findings of the study were extracted and clas- sified in4 comprehensive themes (psychological dimension, social dimension, management strategies, and outcomes),10 organizing themes, and 47 basic themes. The result of this study showed that the psychological reactions identified in female teenagers who lost their mothers indicate symptoms of depression in them. Paying attention to sociocultural concerns is important in their life experience. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

204 - A
Naghmeh Taghva Parviz Azadfallah Fereshteh Mootabi Ebrahim Talaie

  This study aimed to investigate the subjective well-being of Iranian early adolescent girls from their own points of view using the maximum variance sampling. Participants were from various socio-economical classes, different levels of educational achievement, More

  This study aimed to investigate the subjective well-being of Iranian early adolescent girls from their own points of view using the maximum variance sampling. Participants were from various socio-economical classes, different levels of educational achievement, and different scores on perceived happiness and life satisfaction. Four methods were used in this study:semi-structured interview (n=10), focus group discussion (3 groups), incomplete sentences (n=140), and narrative writing (n=100).Categorization of the results was done after the processes of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, with considering trustworthiness criteria. The results indicated that Iranian early adolescent girls described well-being within six categories including relationships, self-concept, individuation, affects, welfare and health, as well as spiritual values and virtues. The findings were discussed based on cultural basis and the positive psychology approach. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

205 - Qualitative Analysis of the Factors Affecting Self-Esteem of Iranian Children
Fatemeh Ebrahimi Kazem Rasoulzadeh Tabatabai Saeed Ghanbari Karineh Tahasian

This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting self-esteem of Iranian children. To achieve this goal, two sample groups were used, which included child psychologists and parents. The two groups were interviewed in a semi-structured interview and, after writing these More

This study aimed to analyze the factors affecting self-esteem of Iranian children. To achieve this goal, two sample groups were used, which included child psychologists and parents. The two groups were interviewed in a semi-structured interview and, after writing these interviews, open codes, classes and themes were extracted using qualitative content analysis method. Finally, in order to measure the Data strength, their content validity was calculated by Delphi method and CVR rate was obtained for each class. The results showed that the factors affecting children's self-esteem fall into three themes: Self-inheritance, relationship inheritance and system inheritance. Self-inheritance refers to personality and temperament factors, relationship means the dimensions of the child's parental relationship, and the system refers to environmental factors that include the child's system. All classes of these three themes, except for the class of accompanying disorders, in the theme of self-inheritance, were able to obtain at least the Minimum content validity. Understanding the factors affecting childs self-esteem can enable more effective intervention on this transdiagnosticstructure and improve children's mental health. Manuscript profile

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206 - Identifying Elderly’s Psychological and Social Problems and Needs and Their Priorities: A Qualitative Study
mehdi manouchehri saeideh mohseni-nezhad fatemeh khoramian

This study aimed to identify the elderly’s psychological and social problems, their needs, and priorities in order to provide implications for future research and intervention. The research method is qualitative and the statistical population is all the elderly of More

This study aimed to identify the elderly’s psychological and social problems, their needs, and priorities in order to provide implications for future research and intervention. The research method is qualitative and the statistical population is all the elderly of Tehran city, who are members of the Center of Senior Citizens’Association of Tehran city. 48 people were selected by purposive sampling method (four groups of 12 people). To collect information, a focused group discussion method was used to collect issues and problems of the elderly. The nominal group method was used to prioritize issues and problems. Results of the research showed that in the sample of the elderly, the category of worries about children was given the highest priority. The category of disturbing thoughts and memories was the second priority of the elderly. The category of anxiety about diseases and the category of financial, social, and geographical issues were the third and fourth priorities. Loneliness was also the least priority among the elderly. The results of the present study can be used by therapists to develop intervention programs to address the psychological and social problems of the elderly. Manuscript profile

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207 - Intelligent management of water qualitiy conditions of Cyprinus Carpio in experimental containers
A. Vosoghi M. Mahdavi M. Salehi M. A. Golkari

In this research، The possibility of intelligent management of water qualitiy conditions in Common carp culture was investigated during one month. To perform the study، one intelligent instrument that is constructed by the authors was used in this research. The instrume More

In this research، The possibility of intelligent management of water qualitiy conditions in Common carp culture was investigated during one month. To perform the study، one intelligent instrument that is constructed by the authors was used in this research. The instrument was equipped with Program Logic Control(PLC) and sensitive sensors for control of three important water parameters including، temperature ،Oxygen and pH.  Three above parameters which are crutial  for   Common carp culture  were adjusted on optimum levels ،temperature at (25Co)،Oxygen at (8 mg / li) and  pH at( 7.3).                                                                               In each contianer (aquariums) fingerlings 5 to 10gr were released. This instrument could be controll remotely by camera and communication equipments like mobile، telephone and internet. Three other aquariums also were prepared as control group which on them، the above parameters،where countrolled manually. They were checked three times a day during the study.The three mentioned parameters (tempruture ، O2 and pH)in the quiped containers  were exmind countiusely and atumatically duiring whole period of expriments. On equipped aquariums during 31 days، 13 speciemen،out of  15 alive til end of the study. They seems to be healthy and shows a good growth،which can be considered as a result of favorate invironmental conditions (temprature،O2، pH) After 31 days period of study، the average  weight of treatment fishes were reached form 5-10gr to 250±8gr. But in 3 control group ،parameters meet a great flactution،vz: tempruture(18-29ºC)، Oxygen (5-12)، and pH (5-9)، leading all control group،s  speciemens being died til end of days of expriment. Result show،s that this instrument(PLC)،can successfully being used for water management of carp cuture ponds.     Manuscript profile

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208 - Analysis of Applied Different Strategies in Two Persian Translations of Dubliners with Respect to House’s Model
Akram Hashemi

The book Dubliners, by James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet and literary critic, translated into Persian by several translators, this paper focus on Mr. Parviz Darush and Nader Sheikh Zadegan, whose transla More

The book Dubliners, by James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet and literary critic, translated into Persian by several translators, this paper focus on Mr. Parviz Darush and Nader Sheikh Zadegan, whose translations are analyzed qualitatively and descriptively in this article. This book contains 15 stories. In short, Evelin's story is based on House's theory, which is a qualitative model for evaluating the quality of translation. In this part, Mr. Darush translated literally and did not pay attention to the new words.It is the same in other parts. The tone and style of Parviz Dariush is old and the words he used are not for the present time, but they were translated by Sheikh Zadegan .In general, in the translation of books with short stories translated in the style that these cases have been described in different places by Mr. Dariush. Because writing in this way has a smooth tone and it seems and even some parts of the text have not been translated. While.Mr. Sheikh Zadegan used the method of sense and hidden meaning, which means creating sense and meaning for translation, while Mr. Darush used open translation and tried to translate literally. In this article, by presenting examples of stories in the book cheek and explain the ways of using House’s theory strategies. Manuscript profile

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209 - Identifying the motives of electronic recommendation advertising in social media and improving the organization's financial approach
Rosha Makvandi Hossein Safarzadeh Hassan Esmaeilpour Mansoureh Aligholi

10.30495/fed.2023.705600

Abstract as social media has expanded ,Electronic word of mouth has gained prominence in marketing programs and strategies., in addition to increasing popularity on social media, This subject  has  made Electronic word of mouth  enhance marketing communi More

Abstract as social media has expanded ,Electronic word of mouth has gained prominence in marketing programs and strategies., in addition to increasing popularity on social media, This subject  has  made Electronic word of mouth  enhance marketing communications and target market success as an undeniable part of various business activities. Efficient and effective use of such an opportunity entails identifying the motivations of Electronic word of mouth in social media, and the present study has pursued such an objective. The present study deals with qualitative paradigm and qualitative content analysis method. Therefore, the qualitative data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews with professors, experts, consumers in Tehran through targeted sampling and snowballing. A total of 25 people were interviewed. The analysis of qualitative data collected by sign coding method identified 33 concepts that were classified into 7 general categories: Financial incentive, emotional, ambitious, functional, social, altruistic, and pleasure motivation.  The validity of the research results was evaluated through peer review, paired survey and participatory research. Reliability was also tested using test-retest reliability. Manuscript profile

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210 - Rangeland Ecohydrology, New Paradigm in Water Management of Arid and Semi-arid Lands
Nasrin kolahchi Mohsen Mohseni Saravi Ali Tavili Mohammad Jafari Ghasem Assadian

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211 - Design of Conceptual Model for product disposition with repertory grid
hamed ghobakhloo elham faridchehr mahmood Ahmadi sharif nader gharib navaz

Once the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer deci More

Once the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer decision-making process. knowing the consumer behavior in disposing of products will have good consequences for the consumer, business, community and environment. in this research, which is a basic research, an attempt has been made to explain all the factors affecting the disposal of goods by explaining the qualitative method of repertory grid Purposeful sampling and interviews with 20 experts in this field, a conceptual model was presented. From the results of the repertory grid approach, 229 structures were obtained. Finally, using hierarchical clustering statistical method and experts' opinion, the total structures are divided into 10 clusters. (situational factors, psychological factors, attribution theory, desire for innovation, purchase intention, disposal channel, storage tendency, social factors, economic factors, 4p marketing). Manuscript profile

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212 - The model of strategies for enhancing service motivation in the public sector: Stimulus for improving the business environment
Naghi Zehi Mojtaba Ramazani Seiied Abdollah Hojjati Jafar Beikzad

The purpose of this study is to put forward the optimal model of strategies to enhance public service motivation in an attempt to improve the business environment. In this qualitative study, grounded theory approach has been adopted for the analyzing the data. The data More

The purpose of this study is to put forward the optimal model of strategies to enhance public service motivation in an attempt to improve the business environment. In this qualitative study, grounded theory approach has been adopted for the analyzing the data. The data collection instrument was semi-structured interviews with the experts and the staff of the public sectors of East Azerbaijan. the snowball sampling method was utilized and its adequacy was determined by the theoretical sampling approach. Data saturation was reached in the 40th interview (saturation limit). The collected data were analyzed using three stages of open coding (in the form of 178 codes), axial (10 concepts or subcategories) and selective (4 categories or categories). The results suggested that, four strategies, human resource architecture - actions to stabilize and promote job security - factor cycles, performance improvement, monitoring and finally the establishment of compensation and incentive system are appropriate strategies to increase PSM among the employees. The indicators of improving the business environment were explained based on the presented model. Manuscript profile

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213 - A Novel Qualitative State Observer
Sobhi Baniardalani

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214 - Designing a Model of Social Undermining Management in Iranian Government Organizations through Organizational Productivity
Rahim Ebrahimi Jafar Beyg Zad Mojtaba Ramezani Yosef Beyg Zadeh

10.30495/jscc.2023.1988628.2110

The One of the topics in management, especially in the field of human resource management, is the concept of social wear management. Social wear is the negative behaviors of employees during their service in the organization and weakens the individual's abilities. This More

The One of the topics in management, especially in the field of human resource management, is the concept of social wear management. Social wear is the negative behaviors of employees during their service in the organization and weakens the individual's abilities. This research was a general qualitative research. The study population consisted of experts, managers, deputy managers, experts of government organizations (technical and professional, municipal and social security) and faculty members of universities in East Azerbaijan province, 26 of whom by sample Targeted selections were selected. For data validity and validity, the method of reviewing participants and reviewing non-participating experts in the research was used. Data were analyzed by content analysis method and using Max QDE qualitative data analysis software in three stages including open, axial and selective coding. Based on the findings of this study, 55 open codes were extracted and these codes were divided into 14 components and finally turned into three dimensions. Findings indicate that value management, attitude and behavior management, employee empowerment, professional ethics development and tolerance and stress strategies play a key role in managing the social wear and tear associated with peer communication. Process management, authority and task management, career path management, and organizational culture management were recognized in social wear management related to the manager-employee relationship. Regarding the reduction of social wear in relation to the organization and the job, the dimensions of performance improvement and development, identification, Manuscript profile

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215 - Pattern design of data foundation of code of ethics for independent auditors based on a critical perspective in the view of professionals
Mohammad Karimabadi Zohreh Hajiha Hossein Jahangirnia Reza Gholami Jamkarani

10.30495/jdaa.2024.709477

  Abstract Introduction: The basis of many auditors' functions and activities in their behavior and values should be searched, that’s why attention to professional behavior and its consequences is the most basic research topics in organizational areas. The More

  Abstract Introduction: The basis of many auditors' functions and activities in their behavior and values should be searched, that’s why attention to professional behavior and its consequences is the most basic research topics in organizational areas. The aim of this research is Identifying pattern of Code of Ethics for Independent auditors based on a critical perspective in the view of professionals. Method: This research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) that the qualitative part was conducted by the qualitative method of Grounded Theory. Seventeen elites of audit were selected by snowball sampling and Semi-structured interview were conducted to collect data. Data analysis method by Grounded theory was performed and 170 auditors in the quantitative section were selected as a statistical sample. Data analysis in the qualitative section to analyze qualitative data using documents and interview was performed by Grounded theory. In the quantitative section descriptive and inferential statistical methods and spss19 software were used. Findings: By doing open coding, axial and selective the central category of this research criteria and indicators of auditors' professional conduct  was called and In the dimension of environmental factors economic and competitive indicators, In the dimension of organizational factors Indicators of corporate governance, organizational culture and ethical leadership, In the dimension of individual value factors Indicators of religious values and moral values, In the dimension of social factors social Responsibility Indicator, In the dimension of Individual factors  the Indicators Honesty Accountant, Accountant Confidentiality and accountant neutrality were identified. Conclusion: The professional behavior of independent auditors in accounting is not a repulsive phenomenon, it requires the formation of some conditions and the implementation of some strategies; which leads to tangible consequences; which guides the person in making the right choice. Manuscript profile

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216 - Effect of Biofertilizers and Irrigation Management on phisiological Indices of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.)
moslem jaberi reza baradaran seyyed Gholam Reza Mousavi mahsa aghhavani shajari

In order to study the effects of biological nutrition and irrigation managements on qualitative indices of fenugreek, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and 15 treatments at Research Station, F More

In order to study the effects of biological nutrition and irrigation managements on qualitative indices of fenugreek, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and 15 treatments at Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Azad University, Birjand, Iran, during growing season of 2010-2011. Experimental treatments included irrigation interval (in three levels including irrigation every 6, 9 and 12 days) and biofertilizer (in five levels including nitroxin, biosphere, and micorhyza fungi of G. mosseae, G. intraradices and control treatment or none fertilizer). Results of statistical analysis showed that irrigation treatments had a significant effect on physiological indices like carbohydrate, chlorophyll a, ash, Na, K and proline. The effect of biofertilizer was significant on carbohydrate, chlorophyll a, and on ash. Results showed that proline, carbohydrate, Na, chlorophyll b and ash improved by increasing irrigation interval to every 12 days but K and chlorophyll a decreased. The highest content of carbohydrate, chlorophyll and ashwere observed in G. mosseae, biosphere and G. intraradices, respectively. Overall, results showed that application of biofertilizers had positive effects on qualitative indices of fenugreek and created type of plant adaptation to drought stress. Manuscript profile

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217 - Investigation on Effects of Calcium Nitrate, Calcium Sulfate (soil application) and Calcium chelate as Foliar spray on Endocarp Lesion Disorder and Some Qualitative Characteristics of pistachio nut Cv. Akbari
H. Sajadian H. Hokmabadi

10.22034/jon.2011.515744

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218 - Effects of different radiation Gamma ray doses on sesame seed variation process, quantitative and qualitative characters in Firouz-abad, Fars
O. alizadeh M. zare A. Ganji

      For evaluation of gamma radiation at different intensities on the qualitative and quantitative traits in sesame, the experiment  was conducted in a factorial with  completely randomized block design  using four replication i More

      For evaluation of gamma radiation at different intensities on the qualitative and quantitative traits in sesame, the experiment  was conducted in a factorial with  completely randomized block design  using four replication in Firouzabad. Before planting, 15 grams of sesame seeds for each plot was exposured with gamma rays at  100, 200, 250, 300 and 350 Gary in the Karaj Nuclear Agency. Properties that were studied include: height. The number of lateral branches, number of capsules, during the flowering period, yield per plant, grain weight, percentage of protein and oil. According to properties were measured and comparisons,treatment of  200 Gary showed positive effects. Maximum of yield (1669 kg/ha), plant high (108cm), grain weight (3.27 gr) was related to 200gry treatment and Maximum of percentage of protein (56) and number of capsules (182 per plant) was related to 150 gry treatment..higher doses ,especially 350 Gary, had negative effect on characteristics of the study.Yield has negative correlation with during the flowering period but it has positive correlation with another treats and highest correlation was between yield and grain weight. Manuscript profile

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219 - People with High Irritability; A Qualitative Study on Patients with COVID-19 in Iran
Zahra Shahvari Parvin Salari Khadijeh Asady Chahar Rah Gashin

10.30486/fch.2023.1964170.1012

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220 - Explain the needs of parents with infants referring to health centers
sajjad keramandli Narges Sadeghi Azam Alavi

10.30486/fch.2023.1978872.1015

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221 - Content analysis of articles in the field of strategic management (Case Study: Journal of Strategic Management Studies)
bahman Hajipour Amirhossein tayebi abolhasani zahra azizian kalkhoran

This study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the More

This study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the target population. The analytical population of this research is 200 papers published in the last 6 years from the No. 1 (Spring 2012) until No. 24 (Winter 2016) in Journal of strategic management Studies. This Journal is one of the most valid and practical journals in this field. In addition it has been done to describe the objective and qualitative content of concepts Performed with10 parameters. The results show that the articles are classified in 5 themes and 29 subfields that of which the subject of levels and strategic options with 37% and two subfields i.e. strategy of human resources with 9% and market strategies with international trade approach with 7%, were the most discussions used in this articles. Also, participation of researchers interested in the field of strategic management was evaluated as well, so that 555 researchers have been participated in the writing the200 articles. In the meantime, Tehran University's participation was more than others. Also, investigating the article authors show that authors by academic rank of assistant professor accounted the largest number of authors. Research methods survey, also show that descriptive-functional articles, mixed research method and questionnaire tool were the well-attended techniques by researchers in this field, and the analysis level show that the issues proportional with strategic management, were mostly at the individuals and senior executives analysis level. Manuscript profile

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222 - Identifying the Components of Improving Research and Development Capabilities with a Qualitative Approach in Industries with Complex Technology
amirhosain farhadi Aboalghasem sarabadani seyd sepehr ghazi noori

Complex technologies require the existence of research and development units with high capabilities. This need is very vital in industries that do not have the possibility to transfer technology under the prevailing conditions. The purpose of this research is to identif More

Complex technologies require the existence of research and development units with high capabilities. This need is very vital in industries that do not have the possibility to transfer technology under the prevailing conditions. The purpose of this research is to identify effective and key components in improving the level of research and development capability in one of the strategic industries with complex technology. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of qualitative research method, which was carried out with the foundation's data theory strategy. The statistical population is the experts of design and research and development units of the nuclear industry. In order to analyze and identify components and dimensions, the exploratory analysis and "Atlas.ti" software have been used. Based on the results analysis, 332 open codes, 28 sub-categories and 6 main categories were identified and extracted. According to the findings of the research, dynamic organization has the highest emphasis from the interviewees and, in order, reliable management, leading technology governance, knowledge-based mediating institutions, organizational social capital, and local product commercialization are among the other components identified in order to improve research capability and development in studied industry. Better understanding and recognition of the enabling components and criteria of research and development and knowing the importance of each of them in relation to each other, while developing theoretical concepts in this field, creates this possibility for research and development managers and influencers in decision making to make more favorable decisions regarding the proper allocation of resources and increase the possibility of success in obtaining technology. Manuscript profile

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223 - The quality assessment of Kan River's resources in terms of agricultural and drinking purposes
Nooshin Sajjadi Mohammad Davoodi S.Ali Jozi

10.22034/ap.2019.582368.1036

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224 - The Relationship Between Nitrate Distribution in Groundwater and Agricultural Landuse (Case study: Ardabil Plain,Iran)
Habib Farhadi Ebrahim Fataei Marjaneh Kharrat Sadeghi

10.22034/ap.2020.1885788.1059

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225 - Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater to Assessment Suitable Drinking Water Using GIS Software in Mohammad Shahr, Meshkinshahr, and Mahdasht in Alborz Province
atousa abbasi Lobat Taghavi Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi

10.22034/ap.2021.1907787.1076

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226 - Examining Students' Motives for Using Instagram Application: a Qualitative Research
roghie sadeghzadeh fariborz Dortaj morteza monadi

  Instagram is currently the most popular app among teenagers around the world. Therefore, research in this area is one of the most important issues. The main purpose of the present research is to identify the motives of students for using Instagram through a quali More

  Instagram is currently the most popular app among teenagers around the world. Therefore, research in this area is one of the most important issues. The main purpose of the present research is to identify the motives of students for using Instagram through a qualitative method. The statistical population of this study is all high school female students in the twelve districts of Tehran, Iran. We used a purposeful sampling method to select 21 students for our sample. Methods of collecting qualitative data were interviewing with the students. For analyzing the data, we used the content analysis method. The results showed that student motivations for using Instagram includes novelty of Instagram, being in contact with friends, keeping up with the news and information, leisure time, making friends and knowing about old friends, expressing the self and escaping from reality. In sum, students can use Instagrams for different reasons. Identifying these motivations can be the first step for empowering them and making these students purposeful in using the Instagram.   Manuscript profile

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227 - Qualitative Analysis of Encouraging Athletes to Purchase Iranian Sporting Goods: A Grounded Theory Study
مهداد نمازی مسعود ایمان زاده مهرداد محرم زاده

Abstract     Currently, there is a recent issue that has arisen among the Iranian athletes is the perspective of the superiority of foreign goods in Iran. This study aimed to qualitatively analyze the tendency of athletes to purchase Iranian sporti More

Abstract     Currently, there is a recent issue that has arisen among the Iranian athletes is the perspective of the superiority of foreign goods in Iran. This study aimed to qualitatively analyze the tendency of athletes to purchase Iranian sporting goods. In this study, which was a qualitative study, the data was obtained by relying on grounded theory and based on qualitative in-depth interviews with athletes of Ardabil province. The population included all the elite athletes of the province, who were selected by purposeful sampling and snowball method, and 22 athletes were recruited as the statistical sample. The data were analyzed in three coding levels of open, axial, and selective. In the analysis of five concepts of causal conditions (five categories), intervening conditions (five categories), contextual conditions (five categories), strategies (six categories), and consequences (three categories), the Strauss and Corbin coding framework (2014) was used. In general, the results in the form of a qualitative model showed that according to the causal conditions and the requirement to encourage athletes to purchase Iranian sporting goods, as well as considering the intervening conditions and the context of the study, these beliefs can be developed via some strategies such as combating the smuggling of sporting goods or improving the quality of domestically produced sporting goods. Overall, this study supports the idea that by increasing sports production in Iran, it is possible to boost the trade-in sporting goods, and by neutralizing economic sanctions and creating national solidarity, this trade can be supported to see a tendency in athletes under the title: Preferring to purchase domestic sporting goods, instead of foreign ones.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

228 - Qualitative Analysis of Encouraging Athletes to Purchase Iranian Sporting Goods: A Grounded Theory Study
mehdad namazi masuod emanzadeh mehrdad moharramzadeh

Abstract      Currently, there is a recent issue that has arisen among the Iranian athletes is the perspective of the superiority of foreign goods in Iran. This study aimed to qualitatively analyze the tendency of athletes to purchase Iranian sp More

Abstract      Currently, there is a recent issue that has arisen among the Iranian athletes is the perspective of the superiority of foreign goods in Iran. This study aimed to qualitatively analyze the tendency of athletes to purchase Iranian sporting goods. In this study, which was a qualitative study, the data was obtained by relying on grounded theory and based on qualitative in-depth interviews with athletes of Ardabil province. The population included all the elite athletes of the province, who were selected by purposeful sampling and snowball method, and 22 athletes were recruited as the statistical sample. The data were analyzed in three coding levels of open, axial, and selective. In the analysis of five concepts of causal conditions (five categories), intervening conditions (five categories), contextual conditions (five categories), strategies (six categories), and consequences (three categories), the Strauss and Corbin coding framework (2014) was used. In general, the results in the form of a qualitative model showed that according to the causal conditions and the requirement to encourage athletes to purchase Iranian sporting goods, as well as considering the intervening conditions and the context of the study, these beliefs can be developed via some strategies such as combating the smuggling of sporting goods or improving the quality of domestically produced sporting goods. Overall, this study supports the idea that by increasing sports production in Iran, it is possible to boost the trade-in sporting goods, and by neutralizing economic sanctions and creating national solidarity, this trade can be supported to see a tendency in athletes under the title: Preferring to purchase domestic sporting goods, instead of foreign ones.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

229 - The role of creative teaching approaches in evaluating students' learning in qualitative schools
احترام هدایتیان شیرازی فاطمه پرسته قمبوانی مژگان عبدالهی

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of creative teaching approaches in the evaluation of students' learning in qualitative schools, which is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population of t More

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of creative teaching approaches in the evaluation of students' learning in qualitative schools, which is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population of the research includes teachers and students of qualitative primary schools in Alborz province and Tehran province. In order to collect data in the teachers' creative teaching methods section, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the standard creative teaching questionnaire was used, which includes 44 questions in 4 dimensions: giving time and supporting ideas, vitality, dynamism-happiness and humor, challenge, conflict and Risk-taking and finally the dimension of discussion is freedom-trust and confidence and it examines the components of creative teaching in quality schools. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts, and the face validity of the Bartlett-Keyser and Mir-Oklin coefficient was calculated as 0.86. Reliability is also reported using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.806 for the entire questionnaire. Also, in order to collect learning evaluation data, qualitative descriptive report cards of students of quality schools (approved performance description report of the country's education) were used in the second semester of the academic year 1402-1401. The data were calculated using SPSS24 software and Pearson's correlation coefficient tests (after checking the normality of the data and the equality of variances) as well as linear regression. The results showed that creative teaching approaches have a positive relationship with students' learning evaluation, and it has a role of 23%, 64%, 14% and 15% in its four dimensions, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that in addition to the development of quality schools, the goals and methods of teaching and management in these schools should be used to improve schools in the country in order to improve learning and improve the performance of students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

230 - Study the Effect of Drought Stress and Phosphate Barvar-2 on Qualitative Traits of coriander (Coriander sativum L.)
Yousef Narimani Kazem Taleshi

Experiment on poldokhtar city located in the eastern miyankuh region in chemeshk village in cropping year 2017-18 with split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with drought stress in developmental stage 4 of coriander (control, steming, flowering, and see More

Experiment on poldokhtar city located in the eastern miyankuh region in chemeshk village in cropping year 2017-18 with split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with drought stress in developmental stage 4 of coriander (control, steming, flowering, and seed formation) as the main factor and bio-fertilizers as well as in the 4 levels (control, 50, 75 and 100 g/ha) as sub factor in making seed stained. In this experiment the interaction of drought stress and bio fertilizer phosphate barvar-2 are affected on qualitative traits. Non-stress (original irrigation) more than other stress levels hade role in dry weight increased. Control (original irrigation) bearing 1206 kg/ha and stress levels in stemming, flowering and seed formation 1088, 1095 and 1144 kg/ha hade dry weight, respectively.The maximum percentage, yield and linanool content were belonged to in the final stages of growth (seed formation) and 100 gr/ha barvar-2 (0.72%, 21.38 kg/ha and 517.3 gr/ml oil). Thus, in this experiment was concluded that for reduce the negative effects of water stress and quality increase must that be careful using biofertilizers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

231 - Affect Background of Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology in the Study of Political Culture: Compare the Two Approaches of Anthropology and the Study of Modernization
Afshin Ashkevar Kiyaie

  There are various forms of social research with different approaches that distinguish them using the four aspects of ontology, epistemology, methodology and method. In examining the political culture, this article have tried anthropology (with quality process) a More

  There are various forms of social research with different approaches that distinguish them using the four aspects of ontology, epistemology, methodology and method. In examining the political culture, this article have tried anthropology (with quality process) and modernization studies (with quantity process) approaches are presented and compared with those four aspects to be aware of the depth difference between the two approaches in study of political culture.        The main questions of article are how affecting four aspects: ontological, epistemological, methodological and methods in a research? How affecting those four aspects in examining of political culture? The main hypothesis is that any researcher attitude towards the nature of social phenomena (ontology) affecting the kind of knowledge (epistemology) researcher and then the two aspects affect the kinds of methodologies and finally, in relation to the three aspects, the researcher selects the type of collected data (method). The purpose of this article introduces the two types accommodating and puting on a special channel in these four aspects in the study of political culture.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

232 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali Rahimi

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More

Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

233 - Examining the role of social components of group online computer games in the life of teenagers: a qualitative study
Saeed Banaie zadeh Askar Atash Afrouz Gholamhossein Maktabi morteza Omidian

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and investigating the social components of group online computer games in the lives of teenagers.Considering the effect of modern online computer games on the components of people's social life, it is necessary More

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying and investigating the social components of group online computer games in the lives of teenagers.Considering the effect of modern online computer games on the components of people's social life, it is necessary to design a qualitative study to understand the mental world of the audience and those interested in these games, the social effects of this type of games from the perspective of gamers who are often in their teens. and they are young, and their experiences, opinions, and demands were taken into consideration so that we can better investigate the various aspects and effects of these advanced computer games. The important point is that new media and tools (virtual space, computer games) have created a culture that has influenced the culture of the general public, especially teenagers and young people. Therefore, despite the ever-increasing spread of these media, tools, software and hardware, etc., which has been associated with significant popularity and acceptance, the current research aims to identify and examine the components of The social impact of group online computer games in the life of teenagers. The method of this research was qualitative and by step-by-step thematic analysis of Brown and Clark. Non-probability and purposeful sampling and data collection was done through interviews. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 teenagers playing computer games online. Purposive sampling was used until theoretical data saturation was reached. Data analysis resulted in 54 primary codes, 8 basic themes, 2 organizing themes including "positive and constructive social components" and "negative and destructive social components" and an overarching theme titled "social components of group online computer games". The results showed that various factors may be involved in social communication around modern online computer games, which have an effect on the social life of teenagers who make up the majority of gamers of these games. Identifying and examining these components can significantly help in designing and modifying cultural and educational programs as well as effective communication between people who are in contact with teenagers in any way. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

234 - ‎ The Qualitative Program Evaluation of the Postgraduate English Translation Major in Iran
Parviz Birjandi Mania Nosratinia

Abstract The present study aims at evaluating the M.A. English Translation Program. Although this is somehow a new established program, nothing has been done about evaluation of it. Program evaluations need to be carried out within a well-constructed framework. A revie More

Abstract The present study aims at evaluating the M.A. English Translation Program. Although this is somehow a new established program, nothing has been done about evaluation of it. Program evaluations need to be carried out within a well-constructed framework. A review of more than 30 evaluation models and checklists led to the decision that Stufflebeam's CIPP Model (2002) would best fit this evaluation study. This model has four parts (Context, Input, Process, and Product) and the research questions were written based on these parts. Then, all the universities having this program (at the time of this study) were chosen (except Islamic Azad University, Chabahar Branch). The first step in doing this study was conducting a comprehensive needs analysis to clarify the needs and objectives of students, presenting their language problems and their inabilities in relation to translation. This was done through class observations, interviews, and questionnaires. According to the obtained data it became clear that the first and most important aim of establishing this program- "training the expert translators skilled in the fields of Human and Social Sciences, etc." to the great extent is ignored. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

235 - Expected Competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates: a qualitative study
Akbar Hedayat Hassan Maleki Alireza Sadeghi Ismail Sadipour

Abstract The aim of this study is to identify expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates. To achieve this purpose with qualitative research approach, through targeted sampling (to reach theoretical saturation), 24 people were selected (8 academic spe More

Abstract The aim of this study is to identify expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates. To achieve this purpose with qualitative research approach, through targeted sampling (to reach theoretical saturation), 24 people were selected (8 academic specialists of curriculum,11 graduates and 5 employers) The data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews. Collected Data through revealed qualitative content analysis were analyzed and coded. The findings of this study showed that expected competencies of Master degree of curriculum graduates are three themes: cognitive competencies (professional knowledge of curriculum, general cognitional competency and general knowledge), skills competencies (professional skills of curriculum and general skills) and attitude competencies (Curriculum attitudinal competencies and general attitudes). The findings  of this study could be used in various stages of competency-based curriculum, also offers a comprehensive vision of what should be achieved during the course of studying the of Master degree of curriculum. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

236 - The study of two qualitative elements of conflict and scene in the tale of Eskandar in Shahnameh in terms of cinematic adaptation
Maryam Esmaeilipoor mohsen hashemi alireza pourshabanan

The tale of Eskandar in Shahnameh is one of the most dramatic tales regarding the life of Eskandar.  It is very significant in terms of two qualitative elements in drama namely conflicts and dramatic scenes which are quite exceptional in contrast with other element More

The tale of Eskandar in Shahnameh is one of the most dramatic tales regarding the life of Eskandar.  It is very significant in terms of two qualitative elements in drama namely conflicts and dramatic scenes which are quite exceptional in contrast with other elements.  The purpose of this article is to answer the main question that what potential and variety these two elements offer for adaptation using descriptive analytic method as well as referring to the classification in the book of recognizing elements of drama.  The results obtained demonstrate that conflicts in the tale are highly varied that is based on the nature of opposing elements such as conflicts in an antisocial society, man versus man, man versus nature, man versus society, man versus his own self, and also based on the nature of conflict is of a kind associated with dynamism.  The battle scenes with the Persians, marriage with Roshanak, the death of Dara, and his burial rites are regarded as dramatic scenes of this narrative which makes it an ideal case for adaptation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

237 - Qualitative Study of the Attitudes of Female Youths and Adolescents Adherent to South Korean Entertainment Industry Products
Leila Ebrahimi Varzaneh Elham Fathi

https://doi.org/10.61186/iau.1119437

The present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korea More

The present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products in Tehran city. The sample until reaching theoretical saturation encompassed eleven female adolescents and youths aged 13 to 22 whom were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative of contractual content analysis type and semi-structured interviews were used. The results of the research revealed that new media have become the cause of changes in identity building institutions and the media have changed the meaning-making factors of identity. The influence of the media in the formation of the identity and attitude of female youths and adolescents is significant in relation to the way their identity is influenced by the South Korean entertainment industry. Also, during exploratory interviews with the participants, 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were extracted. The extracted themes included distance from the Iranian self and identity, critical attitude about the cultural, social, economic, and gender situation in Iran, idealism, imitation and feeling close to South Korean entertainment industry artists, lifestyle change, and group identity formation. The findings of this study could provide useful information to media policymakers, mental health professionals, and sociologists to be effective in forming the identity and attitude of young Iranian females. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

238 - A Qualitative Assessment of Supervisors’ Views towards Examiners’ Perceptions: A Fair Justice or Not?
Ehasn Rayani Neda Fatehi Rad

This study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who More

This study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who were selected through purposeful sampling. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview was used. Data analysis was conducted via manual thematic analysis. According to the results, the following views were among those extracted for M.A. theses supervisors about examiners’ fair: Examiners’ unfair in Examining Theses; Inattention to the Standards of Thesis Writing; Judgment Based on Personal Mood; Examiners’ Personal Problems with Supervisors; and Examiners’ Relation with Students. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that according to the perceptions of Iranian TEFL thesis supervisors, examiners are not just and fair in examining theses. They pay attention to the issues such as previous relations, personal problems, practicing power and such matters which are non-relevant to thesis itself. It can also be concluded that Iranian TEFL thesis examiners, at least according to thesis supervisors' views, are illiterate or unknowledgeable in terms of statistics and some research topics. This is a reason for their unfair in examining theses. The results have some implications for M.A. thesis examiners, students, higher education administrators, and researchers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

239 - Effect of different NH4+/‌NH4+ + NO3- ratios on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruit in Gala and Golab Kohanz Esfahan apple cultivars
Salim Mohammad Sokri Mesbah Babalar Hosein Lesani Mohammad Ali Asgari

In this research, the effect of different nitrate to ammonium ratios was studied on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of  apple fruit. The nitrate to ammonium ratios were 0.03, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.04 meq/L-1. The pH of nutritive solution was adjusted More

In this research, the effect of different nitrate to ammonium ratios was studied on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of  apple fruit. The nitrate to ammonium ratios were 0.03, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.04 meq/L-1. The pH of nutritive solution was adjusted at 6.5 ± 0.1. Experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruit including length, diameter, length to diameter ratio (L/D), weight, flesh firmness, pH, total soluble solids, titrable acidity (TA) and nitrogen, potassium and calcium concentrations were evaluated. The ratio of NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3- had no significant effect on total soluble solid, firmness, weight, diameter, pH, length, dry matter and (L/D) ratio of fruit. Flavour index (TSS/TA) ratio, N, K and Ca concentrations of fruit samples were influenced significantly by NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3- ratio. Increasing ammonium caused a significant decrease on Ca and K concentrations and (TSS/TA) ratio of apple fruit, but N concentration and TA were increased, significantly. Cultivars are also influenced by the ratio of NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3-, significantly and Gala often showed higher indices in comparison to Golab cultivar. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

240 - Adaptive Analysis of Production Cooperatives with the Functions of Agricultural Innovation Management System: a Case Study of Khuzestan province
Manoochehr Alizadehnia

The purpose of this research is to analyze the production cooperatives in adaptive with the agricultural innovation management system through qualitative method. To achieve the objectives of the research, semi-structured interview method and brainstorming technique were More

The purpose of this research is to analyze the production cooperatives in adaptive with the agricultural innovation management system through qualitative method. To achieve the objectives of the research, semi-structured interview method and brainstorming technique were used in data collection and triangulation method was used to evaluate the validity of qualitative findings. In order to implement the qualitative method, three types of open, axial and selective coding were used. MAXqda12 software was used to analyze the collected data. The study population of this research included 30 experts from the agricultural production cooperative sector at the level of Khuzestan province, who were working in the field of agricultural production cooperatives with agricultural orientation. Based on the qualitative analysis, 11 functions and 36 sub-functions were identified for managing innovation in agricultural cooperatives in Khuzestan province, and for the adaptation of production cooperatives to the agricultural innovation management system, 124 summaries with 767 repetitions with 59 sub-categories in 4 main categories were identified. Strength, weakness, threats and opportunities were identified. Using the obtained results for planners will pave the way for production cooperatives to adapt to the agricultural innovation management system. Manuscript profile

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