A look at the relationship between proportions in the system of creation and architectural proportions in Islamic monuments of Iran

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

Majid Taheri Demneh ¹ , Aboozar Majlesi Koopayi ² , Shirin Toghyani ³

1 - Department of Architecture, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
2 - Department of Architecture, Shahinshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahinshahr, Iran
3 - Department of Urban Planning, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.

Received: 2022-05-18 Accepted : 2022-07-28 Published : 2023-05-22

Keywords: Quantitative proportions, qualitative proportions, system of creation, Islamic architecture of Iran,

Abstract :

Proportion is the relationship between dimensions, and in the visual arts it implies a proper relationship between components with each other and with the totality formed by the components. In addition to the relationship between dimensions, there are qualitative or, in other words, appropriate proportions in place of the system of creation and in human constructions. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportion in the system of existence and the placement of everything in its place, which is the same qualitative proportion, which is also called developmental justice. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, it was concluded that quantitative and qualitative proportions as a manifestation of God's goodness in creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works, including architecture. The divine goodness that is manifested in the creatures manifested in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc., is expressed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions represent the divine justice and destiny and the manifestation of his goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as comprehensive and all-encompassing balance and proportion, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relations, and observance of proportion means beauty in its true sense.