• List of Articles فون

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Simultaneous Removal of Copper And Lead Metal Ions From Polluted Water Using Polymer Membrane Modified With Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles
        Bahareh Kamyabmoghadas Nadia Tamimi
        Introduction: Heavy metals are one of the main water pollution in environmental problems. There are various methods to remove these pollutions, one of the best methods in this field is membrane processes. The purpose of this research is to remove heavy metals because th More
        Introduction: Heavy metals are one of the main water pollution in environmental problems. There are various methods to remove these pollutions, one of the best methods in this field is membrane processes. The purpose of this research is to remove heavy metals because they are toxic and have many harmful effects on the health of living organisms and the environment. For this purpose, modified polymer membranes were used, which can remove a large percentage of copper and lead ions dissolved in water at the same time. Materials and Methods: In this research, polyether sulfone polymer, N-dimethylacetamide solvent and amorphous silica nanoparticles were used as modifiers. The parameters of the experiment were polymer weight percentage (22-18-14%), nanoparticles weight percentage (0.0-0.1-0.2 weight percent of polymer) and pressure (12-17-22 bar). Results and Discussion: The optimal conditions obtained were 22% polymer membrane, 2% additives at 12 bar pressure, and the result of the test in these conditions was the removal of 74% and 82% of lead and copper, respectively. From the prepared membranes, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron photography (SEM) and thermometric analysis (TGA) tests were performed. In FTIR analysis, peaks related to functional groups were determined. By examining the SEM test, the presence of silica nanoparticles in the polymer membrane was determined, and the TGA analysis in the modified membrane confirmed the increase in the thermal resistance of the membranes. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from the TGA test, it was found that the membrane modified with silica nanoparticles causes more delay in the degradation time, and the thermal resistance of the membranes modified with silica nanoparticles increases more, as a result, the presence of silica nanoparticles increases the stability of the membrane. According to the comparison and examination of the FT-IR test related to pure nanoparticles, pure polymer membrane and membranes with nanoparticles, in addition to identifying the peaks of the functional group of polyether sulfone polymer, the presence of the peak of silica nanoparticles in the modified membranes was also determined. that the presence of silica nanoparticles inside polyether sulfone polymer membranes was established. Manuscript profile
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        2 - Antibiotic resistance pattern and prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in Shahrekord
        Marziyeh Soleymanian نازیلا ارباب سلیمانی sanaz khaksar haghani
        Integrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in E More
        Integrons are mobile genetic elements capable of carrying resistance genes to various antibiotics. These elements have been found in different places of plasmid and chromosome. The aim of this present study was determine the prevalence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons in Escherichia coli isolates isolated from urinary tract infection in Shahrekord. In this research, the number of 64 isolates of Escherichia coli were investigated. The antibiotic resistance of the investigated isolates was evaluated using a simple disking method in Mueller Hinton agar medium. In order to determine the frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons, specific primer pairs were used. After the antibiogram test, the highest resistance to ampicillin (75%) and the lowest resistance to imipenem (12.5%) were observed. The frequency of class 1, 2 and 3 integron genes was observed as 12.5%, 6.25% and 3.12%, respectively. None of the integron genes were observed in 52 isolates. In the statistical analysis with chi-square test, a statistically significant relationship was observed between class 1 integron and resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin (p = 0.02 < 0.05). Due to the fact that resistance genes are located on integrons and can be transferred from one strain to another strain and spread resistance in the hospital or other environments, this has doubled the importance of identifying this type of antibiotic resistance genes. Key words: Escherichia coli, integron, antibiotic resistance, urinary infection Manuscript profile
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        3 - دانش و عملکرد پرسنل پرستاری درمورد کنترل عفونت‌های بیمارستانی
        بهروز رضایی مجید رحیمی
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        4 - مطالعه بیماریزایی سویه ایرانی ویروس لارنگوتراکئیت عفونی در کشت سلول فیبروبلاست جنین جوجه
        رؤیا صدری روزبه فلاحی شهین مسعودی سعید مهدوی سید مهراد میر سعیدی فراهانی
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        5 - گزارش یک مورد تومور فونکسیونل سلولهای سرتولی در سگ
        حسن برکتین ایرج سهرابی حقدوست سیامک مشهدی رفیعی
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        6 - The serological identification of subclinical chicken infectious anemia cases and effect of this infection on immune response against avian influenza vaccine (H9N2 subtype) in broiler chickens of Isfahan province
        مجید Gholami-Ahangaran نوشا Zia-Jahromi عزت‌اله Fathi
        In this study, 375 serum samples were taken from 25 broiler chicken flocks, slaughtered inIsfahan, Iran. Sampling with history recording was done from healthy flocks. Flocks dividedinto 2 groups: vaccinated and nonvaccinated against avian influenza (AI). Sera were teste More
        In this study, 375 serum samples were taken from 25 broiler chicken flocks, slaughtered inIsfahan, Iran. Sampling with history recording was done from healthy flocks. Flocks dividedinto 2 groups: vaccinated and nonvaccinated against avian influenza (AI). Sera were tested withCIAV commercial competitive ELISA kit and avian influenza HI titers were determined invaccinated and nonvaccinated flocks. Results shown, the seroprevalence of CIAV in studiedbroiler chicken flocks were 20% to 100% variable and in 375 broiler chickens, without clinicalsigns, were 76.3%. There are no significant differences in seroprevalence of CIAV between AIvaccinated and nonvaccinated flocks. There are no statistical correlation between level of CIAVantibody and AI HI titer, but some low titers were seen in some vaccinated flocks. However, thisstudy shown, there are high seroprevalence of subclinical CIAV in broiler chickens of Isfahanprovince and subclinical infection by this virus could be one cause of immunosuppression andnonproper immune response to vaccines (e.g. AI) in broiler chickens. However, CIAVvaccination of broiler breeder before laying was advised to transmite perfect protectiveimmunity to broiler chickens. Manuscript profile
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        7 - جدا سازی برخی از باکتری های ایجاد کننده عفونت کیسه زرده در تعدادی از مرغداری های اطراف شهرستان مشهد
        پژمان بهاری چهارده رویا جاجوندیان مهرناز راد
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        8 - بررسی انگلهای لوله گوارش ماکیان شهرستان شهرکرد
        رضا نبوی کوروش منوچهری نائینی محدرضا یاوری نزهت زبردست
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        9 - بررسی فراوانی کراتوکونژنکتیویت عفونی ناشی از موراکسلابوویس در گاو
        شاهین نکوئی افشین رئوفی مهدی سخا حسن ممتاز
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        10 - Experimental study on co-infection of H9N2 avian influenza virus with Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in specific- pathogen- free chickens
        آیدین عزیزپور حسین گودرزی سعید چرخکار رضا ممیز محمدحسن حبل الورید
        In this study, pathogenesis of co-infection of (A/Chicken/Iran/ m.1/2010) H9N2 virus and (ORT-R87-7/1387) Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale bacteria, and tissue tropism and dissemination ofthis co-infection throughout the body of SPF chickens were investigated. The clinic More
        In this study, pathogenesis of co-infection of (A/Chicken/Iran/ m.1/2010) H9N2 virus and (ORT-R87-7/1387) Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale bacteria, and tissue tropism and dissemination ofthis co-infection throughout the body of SPF chickens were investigated. The clinical signs andgross lesions of the infected chicks were also monitored. Forty, 21-day-old SPF chicks weredivided randomly into two groups (20 chicks in the experimental and 20 chicks in the controlgroup). At the age of three weeks, the chicks in the experimental group were inoculated by eyedropwith the virus of 106 EID50 and intratracheally with the bacteria of 1 &times;١٠١٠CFU. Thesamples from various tissues were collected at 2, 4,6,8,10,12 and 14 days post-inoculation(DPI). We used culture on blood agar for detection of the bacteria and isolation assay inembryonated chicken eggs (SPF) to evaluate virus dissemination. Experimental group chickensexhibited depression, reduced appetite, ruffled feathers, more severe respiratory signs and 15%mortality. The most remarkable clinical signs appeared on day 3 PI. H9N2 was detected in thelungs and trachea on days 2 and 4 PI. The virus was also found in the Bursa of fabricius on days2 and 6 PI. The H9N2 virus was observed only on day 2 PI in Thymus and Liver, and only onday 8 PI in Kidneys. We could not trace the virus in the spleen, cecal tonsils and cloaca duringstudy. ORT was isolated in the swabs of trachea on days 2 and 4 PI. The bacteria was alsofound in the lungs on day 4 PI.But ORT was not detected in swab samples taken from heart andliver during study. The Results of this study indicated that H9N2 virus and ORT bacteria wasnot detected from days 6 and 10 PI, respectively and also concurrent infectious with H9N2 virusand ORT bacteria could exacerbates clinical signs and gross lesions in infected chickens Manuscript profile
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        11 - Evaluation of antifungal activity of topical Rosmarinus efficinalis essential oil on infected cutaneous wound with Candida albicans in rats: Histopathological study
        Nejati, H., Farahpour, M.R.*, Neiriz Naghadehi, M. .
        Today, due to side effects and development of drug resistance to Azol drugs and its derivatives,which used for treatment of Candida infections in either topical or oral forms, led to the use ofbiological materials. One of medicinal herb have been used more frequently, t More
        Today, due to side effects and development of drug resistance to Azol drugs and its derivatives,which used for treatment of Candida infections in either topical or oral forms, led to the use ofbiological materials. One of medicinal herb have been used more frequently, the past to thepresent, is Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). In this study on 45 male Wistar-albino rats(weight 210&plusmn;10 g), after general anesthesia, and a wound square with dimensions 1/5 in the 1/5cm area between the shoulder, immediately was applied to the wound 0.1 ml of the suspensioncontaining 1/5&times;107 CFU Candida albicans yeast. Then tested in three groups of 15 rats each(control, topical ointment containing 1.5% and 3% Rosmarinus officinalis oil) were randomlydistributed into 5 subgroups of 3 rats each (sample groups on different days) groups. End ofdays 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th and 20th from wounds of different groups, in order to histopathology andyeast counts by a special punch biopsy specimen. Investigation showed that the use of topical1.5 and 3 percent of Rosmarinus essential oil compared with the control group cause thedecreased substantially in infection rates and increased volume production of collagen and islined. According to the finding results, wound healing is better at 3% Rosmarinus officinalisessential oil ointment treated group, compared to lower treatment dose and control groups. Manuscript profile
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        12 - A survey on the prevalence of mycoplasmal infections in infectious bovine keratoconjuntivitis
        افشین رئوفی، پرهام متقیان، امید مددگار، آریا بدیعی .
        Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is the most common infectious ocular disease of cattle throughout the world. In addition to Moraxella bovis as the principal causative agent, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus and Mycoplasma species probably act a More
        Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) is the most common infectious ocular disease of cattle throughout the world. In addition to Moraxella bovis as the principal causative agent, Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus and Mycoplasma species probably act as risk factors for IBK. The objective of this study is to investigate the prevalence of mycoplasma sp. in the conjunctival sac of dairy cattle and its relationship with different stages of IBK. A total number of 60 samples from IBK-affected and healthy eyes were collected from different dairy farms during outbreaks of IBK and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to investigate the presence of mycoplasma sp. in the conjunctival sac. In this study, affected and healthy eyes consisted 61.8% and 38.2% of those with positive PCR results. As well, cases of conjunctivitis, keratitis and corneal ulcers consisted 23.8%, 33.3% and 42.9%, respectively. In conclusion, although there was no significant difference, greater percentages of positive PCR results were IBK affected and in addition consisted more severe forms of the disease. Therefore, Mycoplasma sp. infection may have a role in the pathogenesis and severity of IBK lesions. Manuscript profile
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        13 - Comparison of ELISA test with histopathology in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis
        Saidi, S. , Safi, S., Mashhadi Rafii, S., Kabir, F.R., Mortazavi, P. .
        Samples from 25 cats suspected to be affected with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) (16 cats with the signs of wet FIP and 9 cats with the signs of dry FIP) were collected from 8 clinics in the north-west Tehran from 2013 to 2015 to determine the specificity and sens More
        Samples from 25 cats suspected to be affected with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) (16 cats with the signs of wet FIP and 9 cats with the signs of dry FIP) were collected from 8 clinics in the north-west Tehran from 2013 to 2015 to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA test compared to the histopathologic findings as the gold standard. ELISA test were performed on the serum and abdominal cavity samples. Statistical analyses were performed on the obtained data by ROC analysis, Youden index, Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS and R soft wares. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated as 100% in 13 cats with wet FIP and 7 cats with dry FIP. The area under curve (AUC) were calculated as 1, which shows the high diagnostic value of the ELISA test. The cut-off value for the ratio of ODs in the positive cats to the negative cats were determined as 3.375. Considering the acceptable sensitivity and specificity of the studied ELISA kit for the diagnosis of FIP, the kit can be used for the diagnosis of FIP alongside with the other diagnostic tests. Manuscript profile
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        14 - Molecular identification of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin genes isolated from human skin tissue rashes and ewes milk with subacute mastitis
        Kiani salmi, A., Ebrahimi Kahrizsangi, A., Mokhtari, A. .
        Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccal bacterium of the micro cocaceae family and by the release of toxins such as enterotoxins provides invasion to the host. The aim of this study was to identify enterotoxin genes of Sea, Seb, Sec and Sed in Staphylococcus aur More
        Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccal bacterium of the micro cocaceae family and by the release of toxins such as enterotoxins provides invasion to the host. The aim of this study was to identify enterotoxin genes of Sea, Seb, Sec and Sed in Staphylococcus aureus isolates of human skin infections and ewes with subacute mastitis. In this study 110 suspected S. Aureus isolates were collected from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, the isolates were confirmed using microbiological standard methods. Then the PCR test was performed on 67 samples using specific primers to identify mentioned genes. The results showed that within 38 samples of human skin infections 19 cases were positive for Seb and Sea genes. 7 cases had Seb gene (18.42%). And 12 samples (31.58%).) were positive for Seagene. Within29 samples of ewe subacute mastitis 13 cases were positive for Sea, Seb, Sec and Sed genes. 5 samples had Sea gene (17.24%), 4 were positive for Seb (13.79%), 3 were positive for Sec (10.34%) and 1 had Sed gene (3.45%). Results were confirmed by sequencing and showed a high percentage of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens had enterotoxin genes. Given the importance of these toxins produced by pathogenic strains, if the expression of these genes occurs, early treatment of infection would be necessary. Manuscript profile
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        15 - Determination of AquaStart median lethal dose (LC50) as a disinfectant agent and study of the gill pathological effects on fry rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
        Hooshangi, R., Soltani, M., Hosseini Shekarabi, S.P. .
        Aquastart is introduced as a peroxide-based disinfectant agent in aquaculture industries of Iran for the first time. This study was designed to determine the median lethal dose (LC50) for 96 hours and histopathological finding in gill tissue. On fry rainbow trout. The r More
        Aquastart is introduced as a peroxide-based disinfectant agent in aquaculture industries of Iran for the first time. This study was designed to determine the median lethal dose (LC50) for 96 hours and histopathological finding in gill tissue. On fry rainbow trout. The research was carried out by 510 rainbow trout fry with an average weight of 1.33&plusmn;0.01 grin 30 liter tanks under static conditions. Fish was exposed to 65, 75, 80, 85, 95, 100, 110 and 115 ppm concentrations of Aquastart for 96 hours. LC50 value of 89.4 mg/L was estimated for Aquastart by collecting the mortality of fish during 96 hours with using of probity analysis. It was found that in the lethal concentrations of Aquastart abnormal symptoms such as open-mouthed swimming, flashing, gasping for air, sinking to the bottom, balance gone, turned upside down and open-mouthed death were observed in comparison to control group. The histological investigation showed a range of histopathological alternations in gills tissue including epithelial cells necrosis, hyperplasia, hyperemia, lamellar adhesion and clubbing of at the tip of secondary gill lamellae. However, the severity of these alternations increased with increasing of the doses of Aquastart and extensive necrosis was observed in this regard. The highest mortality rate was obtained with increasing duration of exposure and concentration of Aquastart, according to increased toxicity of the agent. This study will be the basis of in vivo research for this disinfectant agent. Manuscript profile
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        16 - Association of progesterone concentration and lactation number on percentage of endometrial polymorphonuclear cells in dairy cows
        Dini, P., FarhoodiMoghadam, M.*, Fazeli, M.H., Akbari, G. .
        The objectives of this study were to assess the association between progesterone concentration and lactation number with the percentage of endometrial polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) obtained by low volume lavage (LVL) for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in dair More
        The objectives of this study were to assess the association between progesterone concentration and lactation number with the percentage of endometrial polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) obtained by low volume lavage (LVL) for the diagnosis of subclinical endometritis in dairy cows. Dairy cows at 30days in milk (DIM), were clinically examined and reproductive tract were evaluated for any abnormality. Cows (n=150) with sound reproductive tract were included in this study.&nbsp; Endometrial cytology (LVL) and blood (tail vessels) samples were obtained at 30 DIM and at 40 DIM, and used for measuring percentage of PMN and Progesterone concentration, respectively. Two-blinded operators determined the percentage of PMN obtained by cytology. Data were analyzed with PROC FREQ, PROC CORR and PROC GLIMIX, in SAS 9.1. There was a significant negative correlation between serum progesterone concentration and percentage of PMNs (r = -0.58, P&lt;0.001). Lactation numbers &gt;2 and peripheral progesterone concentrations &gt;1 ng/mL were significantly associated with lower PMN percentages at 40 DIM (P = 0.0041, 0.0187, respectively). According to the current study, cows with higher serum progesterone level, had lower chance of displaying subclinical endometritis assessing with the evaluation of PMNs% in the uterus at 40 DIM. This finding can be explained by the fact that the cows with higher serum progesterone level start estrous cycle earlier, which is prerequisite step for cleaning the postpartum uterus. Manuscript profile
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        17 - The survey of pathologic lesions of trachea in co-administration of H120 and 4/91 IB vaccines in broiler chickens
        Mohammadi,M.,Gholami A.M.,Fathi-Hafshejani,E .
        Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is one of main infectious disease in poultry production. IB virus posses several serotype that the immunity against each serotype is specific. The protection against any serotype is expected by vaccination against the same serotype. In More
        Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is one of main infectious disease in poultry production. IB virus posses several serotype that the immunity against each serotype is specific. The protection against any serotype is expected by vaccination against the same serotype. In Iran, the Massachusetts and 4/91 serotypes are common and different commercial IB vaccines were utilized against these serotypes. By considering to this fact that there is no interference between different IB virus serotypes, this seems that administration of different IB vaccines simultaneously or by short interval time can be effective for increasing of protection level. Therefore, in this study the vaccinal reaction was studied following of administration of two distinct IB vaccines by pathological examination. For this, in commercial farms the H120 and 4/91 vaccines administrated distinctly and simultaneously. In this study the vaccination programs were examined and compared with pathological examination of trachea. The result represents that co-administration of H120 and 4/91 can induce higher pathologic lesions on trachea. It concluded that in IB vaccination, it is better to administrate different vaccines with interval time and do not vaccination simultaneously. Manuscript profile
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        18 - شناسایی مولکولی سویه های وحشی ویروس برونشیت عفونی طیور در گله های گوشتی واکسینه استان مازندران
        , S.M. Aghajanimir , N. Sheikhi هادی Haghbin Nazarpak, G. Nikbakht Brujeni,
        بیماری برونشیت عفونی یکی از معضلات مهم صنعت پرورش طیور گوشتی در دنیا است و مطالعات اپیدمیولوژی مولکولی و شناسایی مداوم تغییرات ژنتیکی در میان ویروس‌های شایع در مزارع پرورشی نقش مهمی در کنترل، پیشگیری و طراحی واکسن‌های موثر بر علیه بیماری دارد. در تحقیق حاضر مزارع طیور گ More
        بیماری برونشیت عفونی یکی از معضلات مهم صنعت پرورش طیور گوشتی در دنیا است و مطالعات اپیدمیولوژی مولکولی و شناسایی مداوم تغییرات ژنتیکی در میان ویروس‌های شایع در مزارع پرورشی نقش مهمی در کنترل، پیشگیری و طراحی واکسن‌های موثر بر علیه بیماری دارد. در تحقیق حاضر مزارع طیور گوشتی مشکوک به بیماری برونشیت عفونی در استان مازندران مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور، نمونه‌های سواب نای از 28 گله جوجه گوشتی با علائم تنفسی و تلفات 15 تا 25 درصدی در سال 1396 جمع آوری شدند. برای تشخیص ویروس از روش واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلی‌مراز برای افزوده سازی ژن رپلیکاز با پرایمرهای اختصاصی ژن استفاده شد. سویه مرجع سویه H120 واکسن برونشیت بود. برای تفکیک سویه‌های وحشی از سویه‌های واکسینال از روش توالی یابی مستقیم استفاده شد. در آزمون مقدماتی (افزوده سازی)، در 82 درصد (28/23) از مزارعی که مشکوک به عفونت ویروس برونشیت بودند حضور ویروس برونشیت عفونی تشخیص داده شد. بررسی تعیین توالی مشخص کرد که 5 سویه وحشی در مزارع آلوده (19 مزرعه) وجود دارند. این موضوع نشانده&shy;ی تنوع بالایی در جمعیت مورد مطالعه است. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که ظهور سویه‌های جدید ویروس برونشیت عفونی در طیور گوشتی استان مازندران می تواند با شرایط پرورشی از جمله تراکم بالا و واکسیناسیون متنوع و مکرر مرتبط باشد. Manuscript profile
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        19 - The Myth of Demeter-Persephone
        ابوالقاسم اسماعیل پور مهدیه سید نورانی
        This article firstly embarks on introducing the leading characters of themyth; such as the goddesses Demeter and Persephone, and the god ofthe underworld, Hades. Afterwards the main story of the myth, which isthe kidnapping of Persephone by Hades, is told; while the oth More
        This article firstly embarks on introducing the leading characters of themyth; such as the goddesses Demeter and Persephone, and the god ofthe underworld, Hades. Afterwards the main story of the myth, which isthe kidnapping of Persephone by Hades, is told; while the other godsand secondary characters are mentioned. The story goes on to the pointwhere the return of the goddess Persephone to the earth bringsprosperity and fertility back to it. So the article continues withanalyzing the myth and comparing its symbolic elements with thechanges of seasons and the cycle of the nature and human life. In theend, due to the setting of the myth, which is called Eleusis, thetraditions and the rites of Eleusis are mentioned. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Investigation of Chemical and Sensory Properties of Diet Chiffon Cake using Flaxseed Flour, Mulberry Juice and Oleaster Powder
        A. Nikdel A. Pedram Nia M. Jalali
        10.30495/jftn.2022.65775.11183
        Introduction: In this study, the use of flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder as effective compounds in reducing the amount of energy intake on the physicochemical and sensory properties of chiffon cake was investigated.Materials and Methods: To prepare a d More
        Introduction: In this study, the use of flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder as effective compounds in reducing the amount of energy intake on the physicochemical and sensory properties of chiffon cake was investigated.Materials and Methods: To prepare a diet cake, from three variables of oleaster powder (15, 30 and 45%), mulberry juice (30, 60 and 90%) and flaxseed flour (10, 20 and 30%), Physicochemical parameters (pH, fat, fatty acidity, peroxide, total sugar and water activity) and sensory (taste, color, texture and general acceptance) were investigated and the results were analyzed by statistical method of response surface . Also, the results of the analysis of independent variables on the amount of evaluated indicators were checked in the period of 2 hours after baking the chiffon cake.Results: The highest interaction of variables in physicochemical properties was related to the effect of mulberry juice- flaxseed flour, which improved the amounts of fat, acidity, peroxide, total sugar and water activity, and in the sensory properties, the interaction of mulberry juice-oleaster powder had the greatest effect, which were significant in increasing the taste and general acceptance indices. The values obtained to measure the shelf life of the cake, based on the optimally produced cakes, for the first 10 days after production showed the absence of mold and yeast.Conclusion: Finally, the independent variables in the optimal conditions of chiffon cake formulation for flaxseed flour, mulberry juice and oleaster powder were 11.25, 48.35 and 23.75%, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        21 - Development of Dispersive Solid-phase Extraction Combined with Air-assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Sulfonamide Residues in Pasteurized Milk Samples using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
        M. Tajallayi A. Haghighat Asiabar M. R. Afshar Mogaddam J. Khandaghi
        10.30495/jftn.2023.74523.11269
        &nbsp; Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities More
        &nbsp; Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities and in this regard, several researches have been conducted for determination of different antibiotic residues in milk using various traditional and chromatographic methods. In this study, an efficient method for determining the residual levels of some sulfonamides in pasteurized milk was developed and presented. Materials and Methods: After dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of analytes, the residues of sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine in the pasteurized milk were determined using HPLC with a diode array detector. Following the evaluation of the effective factors in the extraction and optimizing them, the validation of method was carried out by calculating analytical parameters such as linear range, LOD, LOQ, repeatability, and extraction recovery. Results: In the developed two-step extraction method, satisfactory figures of merit were obtained, therefore the method's linearity was shown with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.995. The limits of detection and measurement were less than 1.2 and 3.2 ng ml-1, respectively, which is less than the MRLs established for these antibiotics in milk. The analysis of real samples showed the presence of sulfamethoxazole in three milk samples in concentrations of 13&plusmn;0.1, 9&plusmn;0.2 and 9.6&plusmn;0.5 ng ml-1 and no other antibiotics were discovered in the examined samples. Conclusion: Overall, the established approach is a sensitive, accurate and reliable method and has high efficiency in determining selected antibiotics in milk samples. Manuscript profile
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        22 - A Comparative Study Concerned with the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infected and Non-Infected Persons with Helicobacter Pylori in the City of Kashan
        M. H. Arabi M. Taghizadeh S. M. Takhte Firozeh F. Baharloei M. Pourbabaei M. Mahloji H. Akbari Sh. Alvani
        Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a common infectious disease that has numerous sideeffects. The impact of these infections because of decreased iron absorption in reducinggastric acid secretion and the consequent anemia has been mentioned. In this study, acomparativ More
        Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a common infectious disease that has numerous sideeffects. The impact of these infections because of decreased iron absorption in reducinggastric acid secretion and the consequent anemia has been mentioned. In this study, acomparative study concerned with the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in infected andnon-infected persons with Helicobacter pylori in the city of Kashan have been studied.Materials and Methods: The people who were referred to the laboratory to evaluate theantibody IGg were 412 people of whom 229 were infected and 183 were non-infected. 3 ml ofblood samples were taken to measure the serum ferritin (SF) and complete blood count (CBC).Results: The mean and standard deviation of competing blood counts based on the status ofinfection with H. pylori showed that the serum ferritin (SF) in the infected patients was lessthan the non- infected persons (p =0.04) and this difference based on gender was significant inwomen (p &lt;0.001). The indices showed that the SF in all age groups of infected persons isLess than non infected persons and this difference in persons over 60 was also significant (p&lt;0.001). Also in the women over 30, the mean of SF in infected persons was less than the noninfected persons and this difference was significant (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: The results showed that the amount of SF of H. pylori infected womenespecially in those over 30 significantly has decreased that might be due to the impairment of iron absorption in the infected persons. Manuscript profile
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        23 - An Investigation on the Performance of Nanostructure Poly-Ether-Sulfone Hollow Fiber Membrane in Concentration and Purification of Whey
        gholamreza bakeri shabnam lotfi
        10.22034/jest.2019.7828.1650
        Background and Objective: Whey is a by-product of dairy industries along cheese production. As a raw material, whey has several applications in food industries and its valuable protein and lactose contents. Membrane technology, more specifically ultrafiltration (UF), is More
        Background and Objective: Whey is a by-product of dairy industries along cheese production. As a raw material, whey has several applications in food industries and its valuable protein and lactose contents. Membrane technology, more specifically ultrafiltration (UF), is being used in dairy industry to produce whey protein concentrate (WPC) because this technology allows selective separation of whey proteins compared to the rest of its components. In this regard, the objective of this research was to investigate the effects of different operating parameter on whey protein concentration and purification process using ultrafiltration membranes. Method: Three different nanostructure Poly-Eether-Sulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes were tested and the effects of operating parameters, temperature (43 oC), three different pressures (1 bar, 2 bar, 3 bar) and feed flow rate on the permeate flow rate, protein rejection and lactose permeation were studied. Findings: Results showed that pressure increase enhances the permeation flow rate which is more sensible at lower pressures. Moreover, high pressures have not been considered suitable considering higher fouling and lower flux recovery. Increasing feed flow rate resulted in higher turbulence on the surface of the membrane and reduces the membrane fouling and enhances the permeation flow rate even though these parameters (pressure and feed flow rate) did not have any significant effect on the protein rejection and lactose permeation. At the best operating conditions, maximum protein rejection was %91.01. Discussion and Conclusion: considering the findings, it can be concluded that UF process using PES hollow fiber membrane is capable of performing desired separation and purification of whey. Manuscript profile
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        24 - 1
        Ali Torabiyan Amir Hesam Hassani Habibe Rabi’ie Hashemi
        1
        1 Manuscript profile
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        25 - 2
        Mostafa Khezri Masood Monavari Hamid Anari Tafti
        2
        2 Manuscript profile
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        26 - 5
        محمدرضا صبور امیر محامدی فرد
        5
        5 Manuscript profile
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        27 - 5
        Ghasem Ali Omrani Farideh Atabi Mehraban Sadeghi Bahman Banaee Ghahfarokhi
        5
        5 Manuscript profile
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        28 - 2
        مرتضی کاشفی الاصل محمد ربانی افسانه رستگار مقدم مودب
        2
        2 Manuscript profile
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        29 - Production of mesoporous activated carbon from cone of Iranian pine tree (Pinus eldarica) using chemical activation for adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate from aqueous solution .
        Soheil Valizadeh Habibollah Younessi Nader Bahramifar
        10.22034/jest.2017.10718
        Background and Objective: Recently pollution due to sewage containing surfactants has become a major cause of environmental pollution. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) is one of the most important types of surfactants. The purpose of this study was to synthesize More
        Background and Objective: Recently pollution due to sewage containing surfactants has become a major cause of environmental pollution. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) is one of the most important types of surfactants. The purpose of this study was to synthesize activated carbon (AC) from Iranian pine cones (Pinus eldarica) for the removal of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS) from aqueous solution in batch systems. Method: The activated carbon samples were prepared using three activation agents including phosphoric acid, potassium carbonate and potassium hydroxide with different impregnation ratios. Pyrolysis process was performed in a ceramic furnace under a nitrogen gas flow rate of 100 ml/min with a heating rate of 8&deg;C/min for 3 hours in 750 &deg;C. Maximum surface area was obtained using synthesized activated carbon with H3PO4 in impregnation of 2:1 with 1580 m2/g. The synthesized activated carbon with three activating agents was used in the batch system to remove the SDBS from aqueous solution. Findings: The results showed that activated carbon produced by potassium carbonate with impregnation ratio of 0.75:1 has the highest absorption capacity of 97.56 mg/g. The experimental kinetic data were analyzed by pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models. The result indicated that pseudo-second-order with R2&gt;0.982 provided a better description of adsorption data. Desorption experiments were carried out using different compounds. Sulfuric acid and ethanol showed the highest desorption rates of 65/67 and 40/03%, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        30 - Study of Snake Fauna of Kangavar County, Kermanshah Province
        Maryam Malekoutian Rasoul Karamiani Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani
        10.22034/jest.2019.13715
        Background and Objective: Kangavar County is located in the eastern regions of Kermanshah Province. Since the herpetofauna of Kangavar County is rich, and no biosystematics studies have already been done in this region, the aim of the present study is to investigate the More
        Background and Objective: Kangavar County is located in the eastern regions of Kermanshah Province. Since the herpetofauna of Kangavar County is rich, and no biosystematics studies have already been done in this region, the aim of the present study is to investigate the faunistic of snakes in this area. Method: The study area is located in the western margin of the Iranian Plateau between 34&deg;30' N and 47&deg;58' E. All specimens were collected from different regions of Kangavar County during the survey from 2014 to 2015 by a snake Tongs stick grabber 120 cm, and sometimes, by Hook stick. Specimens were identified according to Latifi (2000) and Leviton et al. (1992). Findings: The collected specimens represented seven species, six genera and four families including the family Colubridae: Collared Dwarf Racer Eirenis collaris, Dotted Dwarf Racer, Eirenis punctatolineatus; Dice snake, Natrix tessellata; Zebra Snake, Spalerosophis microlepis; the family Typhlopidae:Greek Blind snake, Typhlops vermicularis;thefamily Lamprophiidae: Eastern Montpellier Snake, Malpolon insignitus; and the familyViperidae:Levantine Viper, Macrovipera lebetina. Among the identified species, Malpolon insignitus is semi-venomous and Macrovipera lebetina is venomous. Discussion and Conclusion: The current study recorded seven species belonging to six genera and four families (Colubridae, Viperidae, Typhlopidae and Lamprophiidae) in Kangavar County, Kermanshah Province. The Colubridae with four species showed the highest diversity among the families represented. Manuscript profile
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        31 - Study of common and modern methods of disinfection and disposal of hazardous hospital waste
        Farnoosh Bagheri zonoz Afsaneh Shahbazi
        The management of hospital waste is to be a major challenge, particularly, in the most of developingcountries in the world. Lack of identify, isolation, storage and proper disinfection of hazardoushospital wastes causes health and pollution problems in the environment. More
        The management of hospital waste is to be a major challenge, particularly, in the most of developingcountries in the world. Lack of identify, isolation, storage and proper disinfection of hazardoushospital wastes causes health and pollution problems in the environment. In according to WorldHealth Organization (WHO), dangerous hospital wastes were divided to eight groups includesinfectious waste, pathology, chemical, toxic, sharp things, medical waste with the content of heavymetals, pressurized containers and radioactive. Disinfection method of dangerous hospital wastes mustbe affordable, practicable, and chosen compatible with environment rules. Common technology ofdisinfection and treatment such as burning, autoclave and chemical disinfectant are practicable andrecommendable in the most of countries all over the world such new technologies were mentionedmicrowave and super critical fluid carbon dioxide. The selection of new method on based supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SCFCO2) can decrease the infection of hazardous hospital wastes. It is notonly the adaptable method with the environment but also a compatible method of environment thatdecreases contact with infectious wastes, work force and cost. Therefore it can be proposed as a neweffective method. Manuscript profile
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        32 - Effects of canopy gap on soil macrofauna in mixed beech stand (case study in shast- kalate forest)
        Maryam Kheiri Hashem Habashi Seyed Mohammad VaezMoosavi Negar Moghimian
        The soil macrofauna are the most important terriocolous (invertebrates) section in small and micro and trummage in the them, on the other hand, the creation of pores and increases soils, porosity are a very important role it, also change method tending of north forests More
        The soil macrofauna are the most important terriocolous (invertebrates) section in small and micro and trummage in the them, on the other hand, the creation of pores and increases soils, porosity are a very important role it, also change method tending of north forests to single selection system, individual trees is done, that result creation canopy gap. Also throught the trees to mark, trees breeding stand and regeneration will be created, so the most important stage, interference human in the forest stand. This study was conducted wether soil macrofaunabiodaiversity under canopy with canopy gap in soil layers. Diversity soil macrofauna including earthworm, diplopoda and chilopoda were extracted 10&times;10&times;10 cm soil by hand-sorting procedure. Diversity ( shanon H index) and evenes (smith-willson) were analyzed using. Results show that there are significant differences between groups under canopy with groups&rsquo; canopy gap hence biodiversity indicators in 99% level. Manuscript profile
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        33 - Intertextual analysis of Symphony of the Dead and Death of a Salesman; Based on Julia Kristeva's theory
        HAMID AGHAJANI majid mansoori fatemeh karimi
        Based on Julia Kristeva&#039;s theory, intertextuality is mainly a method that shows that each text is formed on the basis of previous texts, and it is a method that introduces history to structuralism and its orphaned and lonely texts and interpretations. Based on this More
        Based on Julia Kristeva&#039;s theory, intertextuality is mainly a method that shows that each text is formed on the basis of previous texts, and it is a method that introduces history to structuralism and its orphaned and lonely texts and interpretations. Based on this method, some previous articles and researches have considered the novel Symphony of the Dead as a reflection of &quot;the novel of fury and uproar&quot; or &quot;the novel of the city I loved once again&quot;. Although all these factors can be discussed and investigated, due to the similarity of some cultural aspects and the similarity of some historical and cultural events, such as the occurrence of world wars, the comprehensive system of fascism and capitalism, many literary texts may be combined in terms of structure and content. slow down But what seems certain based on the opinion of the authors is that the most important work that is close to the novel Symphony of the Dead in terms of content and structure is &quot;The Play Death of a Salesman&quot; by Arthur Miller. . In fact, according to the historical parallels, and the common experience of different nations in historical events, we can boldly say that Symphony of the Dead is an Iranian example of the play Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller. Manuscript profile
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        34 - Some Notes on Persian and Arabic Languages
        Mohammad Alavi Moghaddam
        At the beginning of the present article, the most important differences between Arabic and Persian language are mentioned. Then it is discussed that the Arabic language is a derivational language while the Persian is a synthetic one; the various functions of a Persian w More
        At the beginning of the present article, the most important differences between Arabic and Persian language are mentioned. Then it is discussed that the Arabic language is a derivational language while the Persian is a synthetic one; the various functions of a Persian word is also discussed. It is mentioned that if there is any foreign word in Persian which is not known by the public because of its complexity, it's essential to use another word in Persian instead of it which is understandable by everyone. The final part of the article is about "synonyms" which some accept it but some deny it. Arabs know Quran very well and invoke to it so according to this holly book and know it as a criterion they got that there's no meaning for the term "synonym". But every single word has a certain meaning and it's impossible to replace one word instead of the other. Manuscript profile
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        35 - Goethe and the Concepts of World and Comparative Literature
        Seyyed Saeed FirouzAbadi
        In recent years comparative literature has become very popular in&nbsp;European countries especially in the German speaking ones. This scientific field of literary study was established in early 19th century and many scientific activities have been conducted in German s More
        In recent years comparative literature has become very popular in&nbsp;European countries especially in the German speaking ones. This scientific field of literary study was established in early 19th century and many scientific activities have been conducted in German speaking countries in this regard. Some believe that Goethe who first brought in the concept of world literature is one of the founders of comparative literature. The present article introduces the national literature, colonial literature and world literature and tries to elaborate on the true meaning of world literature according to Goethe. Manuscript profile
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        36 - Study of the Influence of La Fontaine on Showqi’s Fables
        Mohammad Javad Fallahi Houshang Razmdideh Jamshid Baqerzadeh
        Jean de La Fontaine &ndash; the French poet and author &ndash; is one of the most effective literal characters in the world in his era. The literary critics and the researchers know him as one of the greatest fable writers in the world with the aim of educational and in More
        Jean de La Fontaine &ndash; the French poet and author &ndash; is one of the most effective literal characters in the world in his era. The literary critics and the researchers know him as one of the greatest fable writers in the world with the aim of educational and instructive works. Ahmad Showqi &ndash; the Arab behaviorist poet &ndash; who owns many educational and instructive works, is known as a brilliant poet. His Divan contains the fables which were created with educational aims for people, to transmit the behaviors, patriotism and protecting the social values. The present article studies some of these two literary men&rsquo;s fables. Manuscript profile
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        37 - A study of Persian and Arabic computer Unicode fonts
        Fariba Sultani Nejad
        Thinkers have always considered the human development as a&nbsp;consequence of the invention of alphabet and writing system. At present&nbsp;time computer fonts are the main bases of digital texts which for sure&nbsp;will result in a modern civilization. Unfortunately t More
        Thinkers have always considered the human development as a&nbsp;consequence of the invention of alphabet and writing system. At present&nbsp;time computer fonts are the main bases of digital texts which for sure&nbsp;will result in a modern civilization. Unfortunately the Persian language&nbsp;has remained obsolete in this regard in the age of computer technology&nbsp;in spite of a proud history. There are only a few standard fonts available&nbsp;for use in the internet. The present article tries to find solutions for this&nbsp;straitened circumstance through introduction of Unicode fonts&nbsp;according to the standards of the Institute of industrial research and&nbsp;comparing them with popular fonts and discussing their weaknesses. Manuscript profile
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        38 - Sa'adi and La Fontaine
        Mir Jalaleddin Kozzozl
        In this survey, the type of eloquence of the two great Iranian and French poets, Sa'di and La Fontaine, is presented well-considered and examined; based on one of the fables of La Fontaine adopted from one of the anecdotes of Sa'di's Golestan. It is thereby shown that h More
        In this survey, the type of eloquence of the two great Iranian and French poets, Sa'di and La Fontaine, is presented well-considered and examined; based on one of the fables of La Fontaine adopted from one of the anecdotes of Sa'di's Golestan. It is thereby shown that how more artistic and structured is Sa'di's anecdote than La Fontaine's fable. Manuscript profile
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        39 - An Analysis on Satire Fundamentals in Shahram Shafiei and Saeed Hashemi Works Based on Ivan Fonagy's Satire Theory
        Mahdokht Pour Khaleqi Chatroudi Alireza Sezavar Maryam Jalali azam A&#039;Estaji
        Since the most important characteristic of Shahram Shafiei and Saeed Hashemi works is satire and Ivan Fonagy's satire theory is capable to be studied in literary works, the present article some works by the abovementioned authors are analyzed. Ivan Fonagy owns various i More
        Since the most important characteristic of Shahram Shafiei and Saeed Hashemi works is satire and Ivan Fonagy's satire theory is capable to be studied in literary works, the present article some works by the abovementioned authors are analyzed. Ivan Fonagy owns various ideas in children and young field which can be gathered in thirteen components. The results show that Safiei is skilled in creating standard deviation through its variaties. Hashemi also formulates the ambiguiieties in deep structure and surface structure and applies them frequently. Manuscript profile
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        40 - Vocal Application Role in Atlal Prologue (Comparison of Imra’ ul-Qais & Zuhayr bin Abī Sūlmā)
        Jalal Marami Mohsen Khosh Qamat
        The present paper studies the introduction of Atlal in two Imra&rsquo; ul-Qais and Zuhayr bin Abī Sūlmā works of art. Selection of these two poets has some reasons; one of them is that each opposes the other; while Imra&rsquo; ul-Qais is a bon vivant man but Zuhayr is a More
        The present paper studies the introduction of Atlal in two Imra&rsquo; ul-Qais and Zuhayr bin Abī Sūlmā works of art. Selection of these two poets has some reasons; one of them is that each opposes the other; while Imra&rsquo; ul-Qais is a bon vivant man but Zuhayr is a God &ndash; fearing one. They both experience different conditions of life. The importance of this issue is their interactions with women which is their main motivation in Atlal creation. Finally we realize that both poets apply the adjectives which have harmony with Atlal and are suitable for that. Their spiritual, religious and characteristic features were effective on the lexicon they have applied. Manuscript profile
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        41 - ژنوتایپینگ ویروس برونشتی عفونی پرندگان در گله های گوشتی استان اردبیل در سال 2016
        سمیرا ذاکری آرش قلیان چی لنگرودی محمد رضا ذولفقاری محمد سلیمانی علی یوسف زاده کلخوران امیر مدیری همدان
        Manuscript profile
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        42 - میزان شیوع آلودگی مراکز تکثیر و پرورش مزارع قزل‌آلا رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ایران به ویروس سپتی سمی خونریزی دهنده ویروسی (VHS) و نکروز عفونی بافت‌های خون‌ساز (IHN) بر اساس برنامه ملی مراقبت سازمان دامپزشکی کشور ایران
        پریا دهش امرله قاجاری علیرضا باهنر نسرین شهبازیان کامبیز رخشانی مهر
        10.30495/jvm.2021.1906512.1146
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        43 - مطالعه فراوانی و نقش اینتگرون کلاس 1 باکتری های اشریشیا کلی جدا شده از طیور در القای مقاومت باکتری به ضدعفونی کننده هیپوکلریت سدیم
        فرزاد حسین زاده حسن شریفی مهران قائمی بهمن عبدی ها چه سو
        10.30495/jvm.2020.676281
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        44 - نقش ویروس برونشیت عفونی در کمپلکس‌های تنفسی گله‌های گوشتی در دو استان آذربایجان شرقی و گلستان
        محسن قربیانی زهرا برومند منصور میاحی مسعود رضا صیفی آباد شاپوری
        10.30495/jvm.2020.679909
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        45 - مطالعه بیماری‌های باکتریایی مزارع تکثیر و پرورش قزل‌آلای رنگین کمان در استان مازندران
        مهدی سلطانی مریم حاضری عیسی شریف پور سید سعید میر زرگر پولین شهره
        Manuscript profile
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        46 - بررسی ایمنی زایی واکسن دوگانه نیوکاسل (La-Sota) و برونشیت عفونی (H-120) ساخت وتولید موسسه رازی
        شهین مسعودی محمد مجید ابراهیمی شهلا شاهسوندی
        Manuscript profile
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        47 - تشخیص مولکولی سروتیپ B/793 ویروس برونشیت عفونی در جوجه های گوشتی اطراف شیراز
        محمد جواد مهربانپور شیرین عمادی
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        48 - مطالعه آلودگی تجربی باکتری اورنیتوباکتریوم رینوتراکئال بر بیماری­زایی ویروس آنفلوانزای طیور تحت تیپ H9 N2
        آیدین عزیزپور حسین گودرزی عباس نوری سعید سیفی پیمان بیژن زاد
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        49 - شناسایی ویروس برونشیت عفونی در بیماری تنفسی چند عاملی گله‏ های گوشتی واکسینه و غیرواکسینه استان بوشهر
        یوسف سعادت محمد حسن بزرگمهری فرد سعید چرخکار حسین حسینی نریمان شیخی بیژن اکبرپور
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        50 - سنجش ایمونوگلوبولین A در مخاطات دستگاه تنفس به‌دنبال تجویز واکسن برونشیت عفونی در جوجه‌های گوشتی
        مجید غلامی آهنگران
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        51 - خصوصیات فیلوژنتیکی ویروس کمخونی عفونی جوجه یافت شده در جوجه های گوشتی استان چهار محال و بختیاری، ایران
        ایرج کریمی محمد رضا محزونیه جعفر براتی
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        52 - میزان شیوع برونشیت عفونی در گله‌های گوشتی مبتلاء به سندرم تنفسی در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری
        عزت اله فتحی هفشجانی همایون خلفیان
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        53 - کلونینگ و بیان ژن VP3 ویروس بیماری بورس عفونی دراشرشیاکولی و تخلیص پروتئین VP3 نوترکیب
        مسعود رضا صیفی آباد شاپوری مسعود قربانپور علی محبت محمد رشنو غلامرضا دهنوی زاده کازرونی
        Manuscript profile
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        54 - مقایسه اثر موضعی اسانس دو گیاه نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita) و رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis) بر زخم عفونی شده با کاندیدا آلبیکنس (Candida albicans)در موش صحرایی
        محمد رضا فرهپور احمد اصغری نازیلا فرهنگی قلعه جوقی حسین نجانی
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        55 - بررسی علل و میزان شیوع ورم پستان تحت بالینی و ارتباط آن با شمارش سلول های سوماتیک در گاومیش های آذری
        رضا وجدی حکم آباد مهران فرهودی مقدم مجید محمد صادق حمید میرزایی منصور خاکپور
        Manuscript profile
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        56 - The study of Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from urinary tract infection in Qom
        زهرا حاجی غلامی اصفهانی Mohsen Zargar رضا یاری نفیسه رضایی
        Background &amp; Objectives: Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been documented to be the most important pathogen associated with symptomatic tract infections .by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance among the strains of Escherichia coli, this stu More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been documented to be the most important pathogen associated with symptomatic tract infections .by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance among the strains of Escherichia coli, this study was to determine the local prevalence of bacterial and strains antimicrobial resistance of E.coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection by reason increasing use of antibiotic and antibacterial resistance.Materials &amp; Methods: A total of 1420 samples, 150 urine samples were contaminated with E.coli. The Antimicrobial sensitivity test to 10 antibiotics was done via the disk diffusion antibiogram method and results were analysed.Results:The most of resistant to Ampicillin were 60%, Tetracyclin 58% and Nalidixic Acid 52% and the most amount for sensibility to Amikacin were 98%.Conclusion: Due to the increasing resistance among E. coli strains recommended Antibiogram tests was done on strains cause urinary tract infections Before intractably use of antibiotics. Manuscript profile
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        57 - ESBL prevalence and molecular characterization of beta-lactamase gene blaTEM in urinary isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Qom
        منصوره نرگسیان Mohsen Zargar Mahmoud Saffari
        Klebsiella is opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections this pathogen cause a variety of diseases including urinary tract infections.Today, the prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens (ESBLS) is important, so these infections are a More
        Klebsiella is opportunistic pathogen and one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections this pathogen cause a variety of diseases including urinary tract infections.Today, the prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens (ESBLS) is important, so these infections are associated with prevalence of diseases and increase healthcare costs associated. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of genes blaTEM isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in Qom.After identification of isolates using culture and biochemical methods, 140 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified. The sensitivity of the isolates to different antibiotics was performed by disk diffusion method based on the standard (CLSI2013). The phenotypic confirmatory test ESBL strains have done followed by PCR method to detection of blaTEM gene. Out of 300 samples, 140 isolate identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae that 52 (%37.14) isolates were ESBL. The most antibiotic resistance was related to ceftazidime (%50.72). Out of 52 ESBL positive strains, 32 (61.53%) strains were shown to have blaTEM gene.Considering the high prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates in hospitals, early detection and follow-up to prevent the spread of resistant isolates it all the more essential. It must also change in the pattern of antibiotics, hospital infection control measures are highly recommended. Manuscript profile
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        58 - Identification of the Bacterial agents of urinary tract infections in children in the Qom city in 1389
        محمد دخیلی
        AbstractObjective: Urinary tract infection is most common disease of reproductive system and the second of the urinary bacterial infection in children. These study investigated the bacterial causes, symptoms and antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infec More
        AbstractObjective: Urinary tract infection is most common disease of reproductive system and the second of the urinary bacterial infection in children. These study investigated the bacterial causes, symptoms and antibiotic resistance in children with urinary tract infections have been done.Methods: This study was performed as descriptive cross-sectional one and 70 children attending to Khorrami Hospital in Qom Province were evaluated for microbiological findings and antibiogram.Results: The most common germ was E. Coli in 7/55 percent. The antimicrobial resistance pattern was similar for fluorocinolones, cephalosporines, and aminoglycosides with other antibiotics. The intermittent sensitivity was not seen; in 38.6% and the resistance was highest to cephalosporines.Conclusions: Totally, according to the obtained results and comparison with other studies, it may be concluded that prevalence of anti-microbial resistance among children with UTI is relatively high and some sterategies should be developed to reduce it and its complications.Key words: Anti-microbial resistance, Children, UTI Manuscript profile
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        59 - Small Interference RNA (siRNA)
        Mohammad Abootaleb narjes Mohammadi Bandari
        Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are still major causes of death all over the world and the increasing number of their resistant strains results in great concerns. Using RNA interference, many therapeutic potential have for the treatment or prevention of dis More
        Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are still major causes of death all over the world and the increasing number of their resistant strains results in great concerns. Using RNA interference, many therapeutic potential have for the treatment or prevention of diseases. This RNA have vital roles in transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional gene. The current, against many antibiotic in bacteria has been accessed resistance and even for some of them there is no antibiotic. And alternative methods to treat them severely felt. Since the discovery of gene silencing using RNA interference (RNAi), there has been a revolution in its medical applications. Local transfer of siRNA for treat diseases is rapidly expanding and it is hoped that in the future could find use in clinical trials. Local injection reduces the toxic effects and increase the availability of Drugs to tumor cells. In this review, the current clinical status of siRNA therapeutics,The advantages and challenges of using it are investigated Manuscript profile
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        60 - Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Gram-negative Bacilli Resistant to Several Antibiotics (MDR)
        نشاط غلامی amir hossein MOMEN مسعود زندی
        AbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing. More
        AbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing.The purpose of this research is to identify multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections with antibiotics and the effect of silver nanoparticles on them.Planting 240 clinical samples from patients admitted to two hospitals ( Fatemiyeh , Besat) within 6 months of 1395 a total of 150 gram negative bacilli of urinary tract infections was isolated. To determine antibiotic resistance of these bacteria, disk diffusion method was used, and their susceptibility was evaluated according to the CLSI(clinical and laboratory Standards Institute) . Gram-negative bacilli isolated were prepared and inhibition zone diameter was measured.The most common bacteria Escherichia coli was isolated and lowest frequencies of the Proteus vulgaris. All of the samples to a solution of silver nanoparticles at concentrations 200 ppm 100 ppm and were sensitive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30 mm) and Enterobacter aerogenes (27 mm) maximum diameter in the presence of silver nanoparticles showed 800 ppm.Conclusion: The results show that silver nanoparticles can have an inhibitory effect on all tested Gram-negative bacilli , and the concentration of nanoparticles , the diameter of the growth of Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections resistant to multiple antibiotics increases.Key words: Gram-negative bacilli, Silver nanoparticles, Urinary Tract Infection,Antibiotic Resistance, Hamedan Manuscript profile
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        61 - Identification of causative agents of urinary tract infection and antimicrobial susceptibility in diabetic patients in Kermanshah
        farshad yadolahi Elahe Tajbakhsh hassan Momtaz
        Introduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to tre More
        Introduction: Diabetes is the most common and important diseases in the world, and diabetic patients are at high risk of infection. Due to the high prevalence of diabetes and risks of urinary tract infections, ccauses of urinary tract infection and the proper way to treat it acutely felt Material and methods: In this study, 353 urine samples of diabetic patients cultured and by using biochemical tests were examined. After DNA extraction, PCR test for definitive diagnosis of bacteria and the antibiogram test was carried out. Results: Urinary tract infection in diabetic patients 28.3% was reported. Asymptomatic bacteriuria 22.1% and symptomatic bacteriuria 6.22% was reported. The most common bacteria that cause urinary tract infections in patients were respectively Escherichia coli, Klebciella pneumonia, Proteus, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Providencia. Conclusion: Given that bacterial population of urinary tract infections in diabetic patients, similar to non-diabetic patients, so antibiotic treatment in diabetic patients is alike with and non-diabetic patients. Keywords: bacteriuria, Diabetes, urinary tract infection, antibiotic resistance, PCR. Manuscript profile
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        62 - PapA track adhesion genes in bacteria E. coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in a hospital in Tehran
        shahram shafipour Mohsen Zargar shahla mohammad gangi
        باکتری E. coli به همراه فاکتورهای بیماری زایش از شایع ترین علل عفونت مجاری ادراری می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین میزان شیوع ژن papA در بین سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری می باشد. 104 ایزوله از نمونه های ادرار بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری بدست آ More
        باکتری E. coli به همراه فاکتورهای بیماری زایش از شایع ترین علل عفونت مجاری ادراری می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین میزان شیوع ژن papA در بین سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری می باشد. 104 ایزوله از نمونه های ادرار بیماران مبتلا به عفونت ادراری بدست آمد. بررسی میزان شیوع سه ژن مذکور که متعلق به دسته ی ژنی PAP هستند از طریق روش PCR انجام شد. پس از آن ارتباط میزان فراوانی این ژن با سایر مشخصات دموگرافیک بیماران مورد بررسی آماری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که درصد فراوانی ژن مورد مطالعه papA برابر 40.38 % بود. همچنین ژن شناسایی شده در سویه های جداسازی شده از بیماران با فاکتورهایی چون سن بیماران بالای 50 سال و وجود علائم عفونت ادراری تفاوت معنی داری ( pvalue&gt;0.05) نشان داد و با سایر ویژگی ها مانند بیماری های زمینه ای، سابقه انواع جراحی، و... ارتباط معناداری نشان نداد. نتایج این تحقیق می تواند جهت بهبود پیشگیری و درمان بیماران نقش داشته باشد. Manuscript profile
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        63 - Determination of antibiotic resistance pattern in different serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from hospital infections in Zarinshahr
        Zohreh Paknejad Hassan Momtaz Elahe Tajbakhsh
        Background &amp; Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common gram-negative bacteria in the development of nosocomial infections, in particular urinary tract infections, which has been resistant to antibiotics in recent years. The aim of this study was to determ More
        Background &amp; Aim: Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the most common gram-negative bacteria in the development of nosocomial infections, in particular urinary tract infections, which has been resistant to antibiotics in recent years. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in the most common capsule types of this bacterium in Zarinshahr city of Isfahan. Material and Methods: 29 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from urinary tract infections in patients admitted to different parts of Zarinshahr Hospital in summer 2016 to summer 2017 were selected. After confirmation of phenotypic and genotype and determination of capsule types in them, antibiotic resistance pattern in isolates was determined using Kirby-bauer method, according to the CLSI standard, on the Muller Hinton Agar, 13 antibiotics were determined. Frequency of antibiotic resistance gene encoding genes including tetA, cmlA, Cat1, blaSHV, sul1, aac (3) -IV, aadA 1, qnr CITM, dfrA1, and tetB genes in isolates was determined by PCR method. Results &amp; Conclusion: Serotype K2 with 74.51% frequency was the most commonly known capsule serotype known in isolates. All isolates had multiple antibiotic resistance and in addition to penicillin, their antibiotic resistance was the highest (10.93%) and tetracycline (44.30%) respectively. The tetA and sul1 genes with the frequency of 86.75% and 41.72% were the most common, and the two cat1 and cm1A genes with a frequency of 89.60% and 44.10% were the least common antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from urinary tract infections. Manuscript profile
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        64 - Evaluation of the prevalence of Escherichia coli resistant euroopathogen in patients suffering from urinary tract infection in Qom hospitals
        zeynab adnan
        Review : Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. This bacterium is located in the urinary tract epithelium and can cause inflammation of the urethra and inflammation of the urete More
        Review : Background: Urinary tract infection is one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. This bacterium is located in the urinary tract epithelium and can cause inflammation of the urethra and inflammation of the ureter, bladder and kidney. This bacterium has the ability to form a biofilm. It is resistant to the third generation of antibiotics, which has become a complex problem in the medical community. Materials and Methods: 100 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected at Qom hospitals level and their antibiotic resistance was evaluated using Kirby-Bauer method. The hybrid disc method was used to determine the isolates of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Results: Out of 100 samples with common biochemical tests, 75 samples were identified as E.coli E.p. The results showed that Escherichia coli euroopatogen had the highest antibiotic resistance to gentamicin 93% and about 60% of the samples were ESBL. Conclusion: Considering the antibiotic resistance of isolated bacteria from the urinary system and the presence of strains resistant to antibiotics in broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, it is necessary to increase the level of information of the individuals in society as against the release of such bacteria Did something. Keyword: Escherichia coli europathogen, ESBL, Urinary tract infection Manuscript profile
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        65 - Prevalence of virulence factors in uropathogenic E. coli biofilm-producing and non-producing strains isolated from diabetic patients in Shahrekord
        Hosein Khodabandeh Shahraki Elahe Tajbakhsh Ebrahin Rahimi
        Background and Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital infections acquired by colonization of uropathogenic E. coli in host musocal epithellium and damages to host tissue. The ability to constitute biofilm plays an important role in v More
        Background and Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common hospital infections acquired by colonization of uropathogenic E. coli in host musocal epithellium and damages to host tissue. The ability to constitute biofilm plays an important role in virulence of the bacteria. Materials and methods: In this research 51 E. coli strains isolated from diabetic patients having UTI symptoms collected and approved using biochemical tests and molecular technique. In vitro biofilm formation by these isolates was determined using the 96-well microtiterplate test. And the presence of fimH, pap, sfa and afa virulence genes was examined. Results: Among 51 Ecoli isolates, 46 (90.16%) were able to make biofilm. The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create strong biofilm reported respectively 90%, 80%, 80% and 10% reported, The frequency of fimH, pap, sfa and afa genes in isolations having the ability to create weak biofilm reported respectively 83.33%, 75%, 15% and 41.66% reported. Discussion: The results of this study showed that the prevalence of fimH and pap genes among UPEC strain is high. Conclusion: The findings indicated the importance of virulence genes in Escherishia coli isolates producing biofilm Manuscript profile
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        66 - Isolation and molecular identification of Enterococci and detection of cytolysin (cyl) pathogenic gene from urine samples in Tehran
        zeynab Toufigh Mohsen Zargar Abbas Akhavan sepahi
        Introduction: Enterococci are one of the most important factors in nosocomial infections. Enterococcus genus has 38 species, the most important of which are Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci have a medical significance due to bacteremia, urinar More
        Introduction: Enterococci are one of the most important factors in nosocomial infections. Enterococcus genus has 38 species, the most important of which are Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci have a medical significance due to bacteremia, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, meningitis and wound infections. Methods: 280 specimens collected from medical diagnostic laboratories in Tehran were used. In order to isolate and identify the bacteria, blood agar culture medium and the specific medium of Kanamycin esculin azide agar were used and then the colonies of bacteria were identified by biochemical methods. The molecular confirmation of bacteria was also carried out by a specific molecular kit of enterococci. Finally, the presence of the cytolysin gene in isolates was measured by PCR method. Results: Of 280 samples examined, 50 samples (17.8%) were identified for Enterococcus faecalis species. Presence of cytolysin gene (cyt) in 34% of isolates was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion: The results show that dissemination of enterococci containing pathogenic genes among patients with urinary tract infection can be dangerous for their health. These results show more attention to individual health. Manuscript profile
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        67 - Evaluation of antibacterial properties of linen fibers coated with Zinc Oxide nanocomposite on resistant bacterials caused by Urinary Tract Infections.
        mahdiye sadat tayebi monir doudi nasrin talebian
        Introduction: Urinary tract infection as one of the most common bacterial infections is known as a second cause of infection. However, sensitivity to a various health hygiene pads in children and Easy Life in elderly as well as poor sanitation can make people susceptibl More
        Introduction: Urinary tract infection as one of the most common bacterial infections is known as a second cause of infection. However, sensitivity to a various health hygiene pads in children and Easy Life in elderly as well as poor sanitation can make people susceptible to infections of the urinary tract. For this reason, antibacterial textiles used in the preparation of health and medical textiles can deal with infections especially urinary tract infections effectively. Material and methods: First, the 550 clinical isolates were collected from several hospitals and laboratories in Shahreza city, among which, 100 bacterial isolates were positive and resistant to several antibiotics. Then the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were established by using sol-gel method and under ultrasonic irradiation on linen bandages. Antibacterial activity of nano-fibers bacteria samples, based on zinc oxide by disk diffusion method in agar were assessed. Results and Conclusion: According to the results of nanofibers of zinc oxide have more antibacterial properties against gram-positive bacteria, causing urinary tract infections compared with negatives ones. It is hoped that the fibers introduced in this study in the future after the tests (in-situ) will be able to provide clothes for patients and personnel, gloves and surgical masks, and most importantly suture yarns, bandages, wound dressing and sanitary napkins should be used. Manuscript profile
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        68 - Determination of the frequency of oqxA gene in Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from infections in a lab in Tehran
        شهلا محمد گنجی fatemeh Ashrafi seyed moein hosseini
        زمینه: مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی همواره به عنوان یک مشکل جدی برای سلامت انسان مطرح می باشد. یکی از باکتریهای مطرح در این بین کلبسیلا پنومونیه می باشد که متاسفانه نسبت به آنتی بیوتیک ها مقاومت زیادی را از خود نشان می دهد. پمپ oqxAB یکی از مهمترین مکانیسم های مقاومت به آنتی بیو More
        زمینه: مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی همواره به عنوان یک مشکل جدی برای سلامت انسان مطرح می باشد. یکی از باکتریهای مطرح در این بین کلبسیلا پنومونیه می باشد که متاسفانه نسبت به آنتی بیوتیک ها مقاومت زیادی را از خود نشان می دهد. پمپ oqxAB یکی از مهمترین مکانیسم های مقاومت به آنتی بیوتیکی در این دسته از باکتریها است. هدف از این بررسی، مطالعه وجود ژن oqxA در کلبسیلا پنومونیه جداشده از عفونت های مجاری ادراری و الگوی مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی آنها در یکی از آزمایشگاه های تهران می باشد. مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه، نمونه برداری از 250 بیمار سرپایی مراجعه کننده به یکی از آزمایشگاه های استان تهران انجام شد و به آزمایشگاه منتقل گردید. پس از کشت، 100 باکتری کلبسیلا پنومونیه شناسایی و جداسازی شد. DNA توسط کیت سیناژن استخراج و فراوانی ژن oqxA با روش PCR بررسی شد. نتایج: نتایج حاصل از تستهای میکروبی و بیوشیمیایی نشان داد که جدایه ها همگی کلبسیلا پنومونیه بود. نتایج حاصل از PCR نشان داد که از بین 100 جدایه ی کلبسیلا پنومونیه، 50 % از نمونه ها دارای ژن oqxAبود. بحث: پمپ های افلاکس OqxAB یکی از راه های مقابله با مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی است که اهمیت زیادی دارد. زیرا در صورت عدم کنترل کلبسیلا پنومونیه های مقاوم به دارو، مشکلات جسمی، و اقتصادی زیادی به بیماران و سیستم سلامت تحمیل می شود. Manuscript profile
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        69 - Molecular Typing of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in Isfahan Province and Genetic Classification of Serogroup O25 Isolates by ERIC-PCR Method
        Hassan Momtaz Fatemeh Reisii Zahra Bamzadeh
        Objective &amp; Aim: Escherichia coli includes a wide range of different strains in ecosystems with huge diversity in their genomes. Some strains cause serious diseases, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent a More
        Objective &amp; Aim: Escherichia coli includes a wide range of different strains in ecosystems with huge diversity in their genomes. Some strains cause serious diseases, such as Urinary Tract Infections (UTI). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most frequent agent causing UTI in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of O-serogroups among E. coli isolated from patients with UTI in Isfahan province and genetic classification of O25 serogroup isolates by ERIC-PCR method. Materials and Methods: 226 urine samples from patients with UTI were collected from hospitals in Isfahan province. E. coli isolates were identified using standard methods. Serogroups of these isolates were determined by PCR method and genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 was performed using ERIC-PCR method. Results: A total of 96 E. coli strains were isolated from the urine samples. The most common types of O antigens were O25(37.5%), O21(9.37%) and O6(8.33%). The genetic classification of isolates with serogroup O25 showed 25 different profiles among these 36 isolates Conclusion: ERIC-PCR technique is a quick, sharp and cost-effective method. It seemed that this technique to be a good approach for molecular typing of E. coli strains isolated from different urinary tract infections sources. Manuscript profile
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        70 - Using a phenotypic method to confirm the presence of the efflux pump associated with resistance to ciprofloxacin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from skin samples
        Ali Rahmati Mohammad Reza zolfaghary
        Introduction One of the most important causes of nosocomial infections in patients with skin infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The occurrence of antibiotic resistance with various mechanisms is one of the problems in treating these patients. The main role in the de More
        Introduction One of the most important causes of nosocomial infections in patients with skin infections is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The occurrence of antibiotic resistance with various mechanisms is one of the problems in treating these patients. The main role in the development of multiple resistance to antimicrobial drugs is played by the MexAB efflux pumps. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of the MexAB efflux pumps in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from skin samples. Materials and Methods: In this study 200 swab specimens from patients with skin infections were collected in Qom hospitals. Pseudomonas aeruginosa specimens were confirmed by biochemical tests. The drug susceptibility pattern was compared to ciprofloxacin by disk diffusion method and the phenotypic study of the effects of efflux pumps was done using cartwheel method . Results: In this study, 89 (45%) samples were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, of which 19 cases (21%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin and more than 54% of the presence of the pump in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa more than 54% of the presence of the pump in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: the presence of more than 54% of the presence of the pump in the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is important in order to suggest a suitable therapeutic model for the infected patients. Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, skin infections, efflux pump Manuscript profile
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        71 - Antifungal effect of ganoderma mushroom extract on Candida albicans isolated from pulmonary specimen
        sanaz rostami nejad Mohammad Dakhili Seyed Ali Rezaei
        Introduction &amp; Objective: Candida infection is caused by overgrowth of Candida species, especially albicans, in immunocompromised individuals. This infection may be resistant to the treatment and sometimes become chronic, as well as sometimes the patients will retur More
        Introduction &amp; Objective: Candida infection is caused by overgrowth of Candida species, especially albicans, in immunocompromised individuals. This infection may be resistant to the treatment and sometimes become chronic, as well as sometimes the patients will return to the infection after treatment. Pulmonary aspergillosis is also one of the most important causes of fungal infections in humans and animals and leads to pulmonary infection in immunocompromised individuals. With increasing drug resistance, an attempt to provide antifungal or antimicrobial drugs is needed. The increasing use of medicinal plants in medical treatment, this branch of complementary medicine, has a special place in the treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Ganodermalocydom fungus extract on the growth of Candida albicans isolated from pulmonary infections in laboratory conditions and compare them with the standard strain. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, the antifungal effects of the extract on Candida albicans were evaluated based on CLSI standards. Results: The extract had a good effect on Candida albicans inhibition.. Conclusion: Ganoderma fungus extract showed antifungal effects on Candida albicans. Manuscript profile
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        72 - Identification and Pattern of Antibiotic Bacterial Sensitivity and Resistance in Patients in the Nekoi Hospital of Gom City in 1395
        mohammad Dakhili Mansorah hodaei
        Introduction: Burns are one of the most devastating types of injuries and wounds considered. Aware of the bacterial agents and antibiotic resistance an important role in the prevention and treatment of its accurate and timely. The aim of this study was to evaluate the p More
        Introduction: Burns are one of the most devastating types of injuries and wounds considered. Aware of the bacterial agents and antibiotic resistance an important role in the prevention and treatment of its accurate and timely. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of burn wound infections in patients admitted to hospital burn the goodness of Qom province. Methods: In a descriptive study, sampling of 100 patients admitted to hospital burn Nekuei of Qom over a period of 5 months old. Identification of microorganisms using biochemical tests were conducted according to existing standards.tyyn antibiotic-resistance patterns of isolates was performed using disk diffusion method. Results: In this study of 100 samples taken, 62% of men and 38 percent of women were reported. 70 per cent of the samples had positive culture Pseudomonas aeruginosa was reported as the most common infection with 31% abundance. Staphylococcus aureus (15.5%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (11.62%) and Enterococcus faecalis (7.75%) were reported in the following ranks. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of infection in burn wounds needs new strategies in order to control the distribution of infectious agents as well as the treatment of this condition.in survey, the most effective antibiotic to treat infections after burn amikacin and gentamicin is known. Manuscript profile
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        73 - Narratology of “Symphony of the Dead” by Abbas Maroufi based on “Simpsons” theory
        Samaneh Pasban Vatan Fateme Heydari
        10.30495/dk.2022.697625
        This research tries to examine the narrative viewpoint in Abbas Maroufi's novel entitled "Symphony of the Dead" in an analytical-descriptive way. This study is based on the model proposed by Simpson in 1993. It takes place in which the narrative and the narrative viewpo More
        This research tries to examine the narrative viewpoint in Abbas Maroufi's novel entitled "Symphony of the Dead" in an analytical-descriptive way. This study is based on the model proposed by Simpson in 1993. It takes place in which the narrative and the narrative viewpoint are examined in a systematic and methodical way. First, we try to find out what kind of narrator is in this story based on Simpson's model, and then we examine whether the modality of the story is positive, negative or neutral. By studying this research, we find that the narrator is changing between the first person and the third person, each of which has had an effect on the advancement of the narration. The dominant modality in the story,based on Simpson's categorization is Positive, Which illustrates the commitment and self confidence of the narrator about the story's adventures and his decisive view about ignorance and prejudice in contrast to intellectual and consciousness. The Modal System used in the novel is imperative and implicit that it shows by modal-word verbs, emotional words such as Adjective and evaluative Adverb, verbs of reporting that represent thoughts and behaviors and statements the generalizations.Of course, in some parts of the story, there is a negative modal that points to the skepticism of the characters of the story. Manuscript profile
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        74 - Reflections of polyphonic narrative in the novel 'Confessions of a Silencer' by Mo΄nes al-Razzāz as a manifestation of postmodernism
        Zahra Beheshti Shaker Amery Sadeq Askari Ahiakbar Noreseedeh
        Polyphony is a technique that was proposed in novel and stories by Mikhail MikhailovichBakhtin and then by postmodernists. In Polyphony, multiple sounds of different characters are heard and the sound of main narrator of novel is forgotten. So there are some narrators i More
        Polyphony is a technique that was proposed in novel and stories by Mikhail MikhailovichBakhtin and then by postmodernists. In Polyphony, multiple sounds of different characters are heard and the sound of main narrator of novel is forgotten. So there are some narrators in polyphony novels, and the common order of narrating story is not seen in such novels. We can say in such novels, different and even antithetic&nbsp;situations have special sounds. These sounds are placed between conversations of characters. Polyphony is one of the important properties of metanarrative. Merging subsidiary stories in the framework of main story, expressing daily dreams in a narrative frame and a world of dreams and nightmares are some properties of this kind of story. This property is existed in novel of "confesses of sound hider" (e`eterafatokatemalsout) by "mo`nes al-Razaz", the writer has merged a subsidiary story in the framework of main story. He uses daily memories and describes the dreams and nightmares of story characters. So the sounds of all novel characters have a role, and we can say that the novel doesn't have a normal form of first-person&nbsp;narrator&nbsp;or the&nbsp;third-person&nbsp;narrator. Although&nbsp;the&nbsp;third-person&nbsp;narrator&nbsp;occasionally appears, and intermixes to the other narrators of novel, but the narration direction of novel is continuing by sounds of the other characters.&nbsp; This essay explains about the polyphony technique and its sources, then surveys this technique and different narrators in the novel. And also, it surveys merging subsidiary stories in the framework of main story and appearance of a world of dreams and nightmares. This property has frequently a special place in polyphony novels. Manuscript profile
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        75 - Semiotics of tension in Rajā Alem's Tavq al-Hamām (The Dove's Necklace) based on Jacques Fontanille and Claude Zilberberg’s viewpoints
        Raja Abuali Behzad Asbaghi qiqlo
        Semiotics is basically a general theory of significations. Its main objective is to enter a literary text such as a novel to throw light on its darknesses and to distinguish the different features of that text, so that the semiotician can extract the foundations of anal More
        Semiotics is basically a general theory of significations. Its main objective is to enter a literary text such as a novel to throw light on its darknesses and to distinguish the different features of that text, so that the semiotician can extract the foundations of analytic criticism. Therefore, tensive semiotics is, on the one hand, relies on the separation of ambition from possibility and realization, while it is based on the tension between power and distance. On the other hand, the tension is an imaginary place that produces reactions of essence and conscience to the material world along with the temporal, spatial and quantitative features. In the present study that stresses on descriptive-analytic method, the novel Tavq al-Hamām (The Dove's Necklace) by Rajā Alem, the Saudi Arabian novelist, is studied and criticized according to tensive semiotics through the study of most important semiotic elements of the novel and the characters of the society of Mecca in the post-colonial era. The results of the study show that the tensive semiotics led to the emergence of tension between characters and events in the novel. so that, the tension reaches the point in which the reader doesn&rsquo;t understand the events or understands something else from the intension of the author. It is concluded from the present study that based on tensive semantic, the &lsquo;whys&rsquo; of the theory in the novel lead to the distinction of some of the main values within tension between culture and civilization, all that to attest the severity of and the distance between these two. We also concluded that the main aspects, the internal and the external intention, and the essence that is comprehended and pronounced is a great cause of the tension between culture and civilization in Mecca. Manuscript profile
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        76 - The functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War in Egypt" by Yusuf al-Qaed
        Omid Jahanbakht Layli Shahram Delshad Mojtaba Elyasi
        Polyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), More
        Polyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), a prominent Egyptian novelist, has used this method in some of his novels to demonstrate his approach to innovation. The purpose of this article is to examine the functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War on the Land of Egypt ". It is important to examine this approach in order to identify novels that are modeled on practices appropriate to the age of democracy and civilization; The methods that have been used in conjunction with the development of societies as well as their social and political transformation to convey effective functions to the Arabic reader. The findings indicate that this narrative method is used in the novel to induce three basic functions, namely,dramatic and thematic struggle, explanation and communityization of events and subjects, creating equality, and establishing equal dialogue among fictional characters.I Yusuf al-Qa'id has chosen this narrative style for his narrative plot and through it he intends to reject with this new kind of monotheism and tyranny in the narration and presentation of ideas so that all the characters are equally Be present in the arena of narration, and on the other hand, the reader should be aware of the crisis of democracy and equality in the Arab society in a tangible and realistic way. Manuscript profile
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        77 - The Polyphonic Narration in the novel 'dafāter al-Warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas in the light of the theory of 'Mikhail Bakhtin'
        Majid Salehbek Maedeh Zohriarab
        &nbsp;The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is w More
        &nbsp;The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is what the critics named the polyphonic narration. We encounter the polyphonic narration in the novels of modern and postmodern literature as a departure from the traditional novel and its characterization by polyphony at different levels.&nbsp; Polyphony and poly-lingual are the most important concepts that Mickhail Bakhtin, the Russian theorist, was looking for.&nbsp; There is no doubt that the polyphonic narrative text is a new type of literary text and has a paramount importance in forming different languages and voices with different cultural and social affiliations and in changing a novel to a play in which the fictional characters interact. Accordingly, this research aims to study the polyphonic narration in the novel 'dafāter al-warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas, the Jordanian novelist, in the light of Mikhail Bakhtin's theory. While the novel has polyphony feature, the research tries to depict its polyphonic basis through adaptation of polyphony in the text of the novel. Since the topic deserves to explore deeply and focus on its different aspects, this research tries to deals deeper with the polyphony feature of this novel. The approach of the research is that the text of the fictional text of Jalal Barjas includes multiplicity in personalities, consciousness patterns, ideologies, and others things that are among the components of the polyphonic narrative. Manuscript profile
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        78 - The Functional Role of Phoneme in the Camel Description in Tarafeh's" Moalegheh"
        Bijan Karami Jalal Marami Mohsen Khosh Ghamat
        The phoneme is considered as the&nbsp; smallest linguistic unit that is used to distinguish words from each other.&nbsp; Relation between phonology and semantics is&nbsp; placed in the context of relation between signifier and signified. And disagreement&nbsp; between l More
        The phoneme is considered as the&nbsp; smallest linguistic unit that is used to distinguish words from each other.&nbsp; Relation between phonology and semantics is&nbsp; placed in the context of relation between signifier and signified. And disagreement&nbsp; between linguists continue until now. Some of them believe that there are functional roles for phonemes in&nbsp; innovative text. Whereas others believe &nbsp; that there is no relationship between meaning and phoneme .In this article we count phonemes in Tarafeh's poem and we express presence and absence of defamiliarisation in camel description. The result is that phoneme plays a crucial role in poetic context. Phonemes that are relevant to meaning are abundant while&nbsp; irrelevant ones that have no connection to meaning are rare. Manuscript profile
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        79 - Phonemic Communication in Beyzavi's Writing
        Mohammad Hadi Moradi Farid Ghaderi
        &nbsp; &nbsp;It stands to reason that modern linguistics has gone through an immense development at diverse linguistic levels. However, such developments have often happened in the systematic dimension of the current linguistic enterprises, as the preceding scholars hav More
        &nbsp; &nbsp;It stands to reason that modern linguistics has gone through an immense development at diverse linguistic levels. However, such developments have often happened in the systematic dimension of the current linguistic enterprises, as the preceding scholars have not been less familiar with the origins and principles of the field than the contemporary linguists do. The present paper concerns itself with investigating the ideas of Abdullah Ibn omar Beyzavi, a preceding scholar whose ideas have been introduced in his popular interpretation of a linguistic phenomenon, called "phonemic communication", which is nowadays applied by the contemporary linguists to distinguish the linguist phones. The paper aims at giving insights into understanding the very fact that the literature and the intellectual heritage of the preceding scholars can be the base of the modern intellectual and academic endeavors. Manuscript profile
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        80 - Investigation of Phononic and thermal properties of Gallium Phosphide in two Zincblend and hexagonal phases
        Hamdollah salehi shiva mokhavat Peiman Amiri
        IIn this paper, the phononic , thermal properties and pressure transition of GaP in two stable phases, Zincblend and Cinnabar phase, have been investigated.Calculations were performed by using the pseudo-potential method in the framework of the density functional theory More
        IIn this paper, the phononic , thermal properties and pressure transition of GaP in two stable phases, Zincblend and Cinnabar phase, have been investigated.Calculations were performed by using the pseudo-potential method in the framework of the density functional theory and using the Quantum Espresso code.The pseudopotentials applied here are generated using norm-conserving condition within GGA is used to calculate the exchange-correlation potential.The Energy &ndash;Volume diagram at the pressure transition shows that the cinnabar phase is metastable. The phonon scattering diagram shows that this compound has a gap between 242 cm-1 up 311 cm-1 in the Zincblend and there is no gap in the cinnabar phase. From the study of the thermodynamic properties of the two phases of Zincblend and Cinnabar, we find that in both phases, the drop in heat capacity at low temperatures is .At high temperatures, the heat capacity become close to (Dulong &ndash;Petit law). Manuscript profile
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        81 - Synthesis of Nanostructured Sulfonated Covalent Organic Frameworks as Catalyst in the Preparation of 14-aryl-H14-Dibenzo (a, j) Derivatives of Xanthines
        R. Farsi M.M. Mohammadi S.J. Saghanezhad
        Manuscript profile
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        82 - Evaluation of the Efficiency and Optimization of TPU/PANI/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposite for Efficient Electromagnetic Absorption Coating in the X-band
        A. Momeni A. Arezoo R. Fazaeli M. Khavarpour
        Manuscript profile
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        83 - Hydrophilic Properties of PSF/SiO2 Nanocomposite Membranes with Polymeric Additives
        F. Saeidi R. Zafar-Mehrabian
        Manuscript profile
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        84 - Nucleophilic Chemistry of γ-Al2O3 Nanoparticles Catalyst for Decontamination of 2-Chloro Ethyl Ethyl Sulfide and Dimethyl Methyl Phosphonate
        M. Sadeghi M.H. Hosseini
        Manuscript profile
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        85 - The Decline of Ethics in the Struggle for Sickness and Poverty (Investigating the Content Indicators of Allegiance in the Symphony Novel of the Dead)
        soheila loveimi
        So far, the eloquence-researchers have brought various&nbsp;definitions about parable. But the parable in this research as a style of storytelling, is a method of narrative that covers nonfiction content in a wrappers of fiction structure. Symphony of the Dead is a nove More
        So far, the eloquence-researchers have brought various&nbsp;definitions about parable. But the parable in this research as a style of storytelling, is a method of narrative that covers nonfiction content in a wrappers of fiction structure. Symphony of the Dead is a novel Iranian writer and poet, the most important of his work and the turning point of his works. This novel with a poetic language, was narrated beautifully one family story and an alien poet with the surroundings. Allegories from "Brotherhood, Love, loneliness, revenge, ignorance, jealously, prejudice, hypocrisy, greed, injustice, infringement which is included in the field of educational literature, it has come to this novel. For readers more information in this work, has mention to the linguistic elements of style maker, literary, indicators of the content of educational literature, such as vocabulary and slang motifs, the abundance of similes, allusions and metaphors, personification and attributes, explaining the allegorical expression of author and his work. The method of this research is a library-related study by fiche taking with main question is that "what is the position of the allegory in the expression of the author for presenting his fictional concepts in the Symphony of the Dead Book for more communication with readers? &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        86 - "You need to know" What is the Challenge of the good teaching in high school?
        Sadegh Zaresefat
        10.30486/jsre.2018.542523
        This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to the analysis of the lived experience of teachers in teaching learners is good. The population in this study was the first high school students. Data for this study were collected through group interviews, as wel More
        This qualitative study with a phenomenological approach to the analysis of the lived experience of teachers in teaching learners is good. The population in this study was the first high school students. Data for this study were collected through group interviews, as well as the participation of 75 people. The findings showed that teachers' learning skills such topics as teaching skills (sufficient explanation and diverse subject matter, according to the paperwork and proportionate, having a lesson plan and the use of better equipment and facilities available for teaching) skills Classroom management (good use of time of personnel responsible teacher) knowledge skills (specialist knowledge to teach discipline) and behavioral competencies, including ethics (moral good and honesty, humor, fairness and non-discrimination among students) and interactive category (interaction and Respect for the students) were divided. Also in terms of competence and ethical behavior on other skills preferred and respected teachers in their behavior to students and pay attention to the e sound of the symphony to listen. Manuscript profile
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        87 - Identification of the new and active buried salt dome evidences in the Zagros region using interferometry method of SENTINEL-1 and ASAR radar images
        Ali Mehrabi
        Salt domes are one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. Despite the outcrops of many salt domes in the Zagros region, but many of them are still buried and hidden. Due to active Zagros tectonics, the movement and ascending trend of salt domes do not stop. In this re More
        Salt domes are one of the most beautiful natural phenomena. Despite the outcrops of many salt domes in the Zagros region, but many of them are still buried and hidden. Due to active Zagros tectonics, the movement and ascending trend of salt domes do not stop. In this research, with the aim of the changes monitoring in the Earth's crust in the Zagros area, one of the new, hidden and ascending probabilistic salt domes, was identified using a radar interferometry method. For this purpose, ASAR radar images for the years 2007 and 2012 and SENTINEL-1 for the years 2014 and 2017 were used. In order to determine the amount of changes in the earth's crust, during the process of unwrapping on the images, the interference of each of the images was extracted. According to the results of the analysis of ASAR images, the growth rate of the salt dome was 1.6 centimeters per year between 2007 and 2012. While according to the interferometry images that obtained from SENTINEL-1 the rising speed of this salt dome increased between 2014 and 2017, reaching 2.9 centimeters per year. The result of this study shows that the probabilistic salt dome is active. Consequently, due to the importance of salt domes in various fields of natural resources, especially in the formation of oil reservoirs in the Zagros region, as well as more accurate identification of the subject, it is necessary to carry out special geophysical studies in this area. Manuscript profile
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        88 - Comparison of the Efficiency of Iodine Solution, Methylene Blue and Potassium Permanganate for Disinfection of Stellate Sturgeon Acipenser stellatus(Pallas, 1771) Eggs
        Abdolali Rahdari Bahram Falahatkar Hossein Mohammadi Samad Darvishi
        Inroduction & Objective:Considering the importance of stellate sturgeon fish as endangered species, the artificial breeding plays an important role in the restoration of natural resources of this fish in the Caspian Sea. One of the essential activities in the incubation More
        Inroduction & Objective:Considering the importance of stellate sturgeon fish as endangered species, the artificial breeding plays an important role in the restoration of natural resources of this fish in the Caspian Sea. One of the essential activities in the incubation period is disinfection of eggs, which if done correctly can increase survival and larvae production. Therefore, finding the best approach for disinfection of stellate sturgeon eggs is so necessary.Material and Methods:Eggs were artificially fertilized and subjected to a bath dip treatment in given concentrations of the above chemicals before being incubating. Prior to treatment, the eggs were splited into three disinfected groups (100 mg L-1 iodophor, 15 min; 20 mg L-1 potassium permanganate, 30 min exposure and 100 mg L-1 methylene blue; 2 hours and) and non-disinfected group (control). Then, the eggs were transferred to Yushchenko incubators for incubation. During the incubation period, fungal and dead eggs were separate and counted physically every day. After hatching, the numbers of larvae per box were counted separately.Results: Eggs that disinfected with iodine solution and methylene blue were less likely to fungal infection and their conversion to larvae was higher than eggs that disinfected with potassium permanganate and the control group.Conclusion: The study showed that using iodine solution to disinfect stellate sturgeon is more effective and easier than some other disinfectants. Manuscript profile
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        89 - تاثیر کاربرد اسیدهای آلی و معدنی بر فیزیولوژی تولید مثل و رشد کرم خاکی،ریزجانوران و جامعه میکروبی در خاک‌های آهکی
        اکبر حسنی مریم اعتمادیان حمید خطیبی
        Manuscript profile
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        90 - Effect of Tilia platyphyllos L. extract on the sex hormones levels and histopathology index in varicocele-induced infertile rats
        Reihaneh Mohebali Akram Eidi Pejman Mortazavi Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh
        Background and Aim: Varicocele is one of the most common causes of infertility in men. Various studies have been performed on the treatment of varicocele and hormonal changes in the testicles. One of the non-invasive treatments for varicocele is treatment with Tilia pla More
        Background and Aim: Varicocele is one of the most common causes of infertility in men. Various studies have been performed on the treatment of varicocele and hormonal changes in the testicles. One of the non-invasive treatments for varicocele is treatment with Tilia platyphyllos L. as a medicine used to treat stomach ulcers, spasms and sedatives. Chemical compounds such as terpenoids and flavonoids have been identified in the linden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of linden extract on testicular pathology of healthy and varicocele rats.Materials and Methods: In this study, 48 rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: healthy control, healthy groups receiving linden extract (50, 100 and 200 mg / kg intragastrically, daily) alone, infertile control (varicocele surgery), varicocele groups together with linden extract (50, 100 and 200 mg / kg intragastrically, daily). After 60 days, serum was obtained and hormonal assays and histopathological examinations were performed and the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.Results: The results showed that the level of testosterone decreased and levels of LH and FSH increased significantly in varicocele control animals compared with healthy controls. َAlso, administration of linden extract has prevented hormonal changes and has significantly improved the sex hormones level and histological index in varicocele rats.Conclusion: The linden extract acts as a potent antioxidant against varicocele-induced damage in rats. Manuscript profile
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        91 - Molecular detection of coronavirus causing infectious bronchitis in laying hens with cystic oviduct and quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production
        Maryam Jalahi Majid Gholami-Ahangarn
        Background and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a health More
        Background and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a healthy appearance were sampled. In addition, 6 farms with cystic oviduct were sampled in laying flocks, in Isfahan province. After extracting the genome, a fragment of 1200 bp of coronavirus S1 gene was amplified for identification of IB.Results: Out of 9 laying farms with quantitative and qualitative egg reduction syndrome and 10 apparently healthy farms, respectively 7 and 4 farms (78 and 40%) were infected with IB coronavirus based at least one positive sample. Out of 59 samples from farms with egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome, 32 samples (54.2%) and out of 66 samples taken from apparently healthy farms, 7 samples (10.6%) were evaluated positive for IB coronavirus. In this study, all 6 farms with cystic oviduct had at least one positive sample for IB coronavirus and 31 samples out of 41 samples (73.17%) infected with IB coronavirus.Conclusion: IB coronavirus has a high share in the syndrome of quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production in laying hens, but not all cases can be attributed to this virus and other infectious and non-infectious factors should be monitored. Due to the high frequency of this virus in cystic oviduct, it is necessary to identify the viral types that induce this disorder and to develop an appropriate control program. Manuscript profile
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        92 - Antimicrobial and Healing Effect of Nettle, Purslane and Hedge Nettle Extracts on Burn Infections of Staphylococcus aureus in Mice
        Nader Kazemi Mahdi Arfaei Mona Ghasemi
        Introduction &amp; Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is cause of hospital infections and infectious illnesses. Urtica dioica, Portulaca oleracea and Stachys schtschegleevii have more antimicrobial and healing effects. In this project, the antimicrobial and healing effect More
        Introduction &amp; Objective: Staphylococcus aureus is cause of hospital infections and infectious illnesses. Urtica dioica, Portulaca oleracea and Stachys schtschegleevii have more antimicrobial and healing effects. In this project, the antimicrobial and healing effects of plants extracts with silver sulfadiazine were studied on burn infections of Staphylococcus aureus in rats.&nbsp;Materials &amp; Methods:&nbsp;Firstly, ethanolic and acetonic extracts of plants were prepared in the laboratory. Then, the MIC and MBC of the extracts were determined by the dilution method in the Muller Hinton broth. In study of animal model, firstly the bacteria were inoculated with a concentration&nbsp;of (5&times;105 CFU/ml) to the wound site on rats.&nbsp;After 24 hours, ointments were prepared&nbsp;based on MBC concentration from extracts of mentioned plants for 1g of silver sulfadiazine and was used to treatment.Results:&nbsp;In studies conducted on rats, it was found that ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Urtica dioica, as well as the acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea had more antimicrobial and healing effect on Staphylococcus aureus. But in the wound treated with ethanolic and acetonic extract of Stachys schtschegleevii, bleeding was seen.&nbsp;Conclusions:&nbsp;Ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Urtica dioica and the acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea had more antimicrobial and restoration effects on burn wound infection. Ethanolic and acetonic extract of Urtica dioica had better healing effects than acetonic extract of Portulaca oleracea. As a result, extract of Urtica dioica could be used in preparation of burn ointments.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        93 - Evaluation of Aqueous, Organic Extracts of Leaves and Roots Polygonum aviculare L. on Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogenic Bacteria Invitro and Invivo
        shahrzad nassiri semnani nastaran Ghasempour
        Inroduction &amp; Objective: Drug resistance of bacteria in infections diseases has led to more attention to the use of plants in the treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous, organic extracts of leaves and roots of Polygonu More
        Inroduction &amp; Objective: Drug resistance of bacteria in infections diseases has led to more attention to the use of plants in the treatment of diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aqueous, organic extracts of leaves and roots of Polygonum aviculare L. on pathogenic bacteria in animal and laboratory models. Materials and Methods: In this study, after preparing aqueous, ethanolic and estonian extracts of different parts of Polygonum aviculare L. powder, the MIC and MBC of the extracts on bacteria were determined by dilution methods in broth and well diffusion in agar. In this study, an animal model was administered by peritoneal injection of 5&times;105 CFU/ml of bacteria and 0.5 cc of extracts with MIC concentration, number of spleen bacterial colonies after 7 days by culture on M&uuml;llerinton agar and standard counting protocol. Results: The highest levels of MIC and MBC on Staphylococcus aureus related to leafy and ethanolic leaves were 57 and 38, respectively, on Pseudomonas aeruginosa related to stem and leaf ethanol, respectively 31 and 27, on Klebsiella pneumoniae ethanolic extract of root and leaf 57 and 120 mg / ml and on Streptococcus pyogenes the estonian extract of the leaf is 227 mg / ml. In vivo, the leaf extract for Staphylococcus aureus was 7.5 &times; 106 CFU / ml and the ethanolic extract of the stem for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 8 &times; 107 CFU / ml, for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes leaves and roots was 7.5 &times; 103 and 6.3 &times; 107 CFU / ml respectively. Conclusion: Polygonum aviculare L.extracts have antimicrobial effects on the studied bacteria. Manuscript profile
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        94 - Fauna of Machrochelid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Ramjerd region (Fars Province)
        Mohammad Javad Sobhani Hadi Ostovan Shahram Hesami
        Machrochelid mites are free-living predators common in habitats that are rich&nbsp;in decaying organic material including manure. Several species of macrochelid mites feed on the eggs and small larvae of fly pests and phoretic on the adults.During 2009-2010, the fauna o More
        Machrochelid mites are free-living predators common in habitats that are rich&nbsp;in decaying organic material including manure. Several species of macrochelid mites feed on the eggs and small larvae of fly pests and phoretic on the adults.During 2009-2010, the fauna of macrochelid mites in Ramjerd region was studied.&nbsp;The mites were extracted by Berlese funnel and cleared in Lactophenol, then were mounted in Hoyer&rsquo;s medium on microscopic slides. Totally, 9 species belonging to two genera were collected and identified. Among identified specimens, four&nbsp;species are new records for Fars Province mite fauna that marked by an asterisk. The identification of two species is in the process of action. The species are listed as fallows:1-Glyptholaspis. confusa (Foa, 1900); 2- G. sp. 3- Macrocheles. merdarius&nbsp;(Berlese, 1889); 4- M. subbadius (Berlese, 1904); 5-M. peniculatus* (Berlese, 1918); 6-M. muscaedomesticae* (Scopoli, 1772); 7- M. glaber* (Muller, 1860); 8-M. perglaber* (Filipponi &amp; Pegazzano, 1962); 9- M.. sp.1; 10- M. sp. 2; 11- M.&nbsp;sp.3. Manuscript profile
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        95 - First report of two genus and five species of Collembola (Hexapoda : Entognatha) from Iran
        Elliyeh Yahyapour Masoumeh Shayan Mehr
        In order to investigate the fauna of Collembola (springtails), several sampling were carried out from soil and leaf litter of different Sari regions during 2010-2011.&nbsp; The Collembola were extracted from soil and leaf litter by heat and light in the system as Berlis More
        In order to investigate the fauna of Collembola (springtails), several sampling were carried out from soil and leaf litter of different Sari regions during 2010-2011.&nbsp; The Collembola were extracted from soil and leaf litter by heat and light in the system as Berlise funnel. Permanent microscopic slides were provided by Hoyer medium or mixture of lactic acid and glycerin (5:1). In this study the genus Orthonychiurus Stach, 1954 &nbsp;and Dicyrtomina Borner, 1903 &nbsp;were reported for the first time from Iran. Species of Xenylla welchi Tullberg, 1839, Orthonychiurus folsomi (Schaffer, 1900) and Dicyrtoma fusca (Lubbock, 1842), Dicyrtomina ornata (Nocolet, 1842) and Sminthurinus aureus (Lubbock, 1862) were new records for Iranian Collembola fauna. Sminthurinus elegans (Fitch, 1863) are new for Mazandaran fauna. Manuscript profile
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        96 - Preliminary investigation of the genus Tabanus (Diptera: Tabanidae) in Shiraz region
        Abofazel Dousti Mehdi Gheibi Zeinab Baziar
        Family Tabanidae comprises 4290 species of flies worldwide, including the commonly known horseflies and deerflies. They are important vectors of human and animal diseases. In Iran so far more than 80 species and subspecies of this family have been identified. In the cur More
        Family Tabanidae comprises 4290 species of flies worldwide, including the commonly known horseflies and deerflies. They are important vectors of human and animal diseases. In Iran so far more than 80 species and subspecies of this family have been identified. In the current study, flies were collected using insect net, Malaise trap and Nzi trap from the Shiraz area and suburbs. A total of seven species belonging to the family Tabanidae, Subfamily Tabaninae and Genus Tabanus were identified. The species T. spodopteroides is recorded for the first time from Iran. All species are new records for Fars province. Manuscript profile
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        97 - Prelimnary Investigation on the Fauna of Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae) in Fars Province, Iran
        Mehdi Gheibi Hadi Ostovan
        The family Tachinidae with approximately 10000 described species worldwide is the second family in Diptera and the larvae are endoparasitoids of Arthropoda, nearly always in insects. During 2006 &ndash; 2008 a faunistic survey was carried out to collect tachinid flies More
        The family Tachinidae with approximately 10000 described species worldwide is the second family in Diptera and the larvae are endoparasitoids of Arthropoda, nearly always in insects. During 2006 &ndash; 2008 a faunistic survey was carried out to collect tachinid flies from some regions of Fars province. Data are given on the distribution of 63 species from 50 genera belonging to the four subfamilies. Of these, 39 species were recorded for the first time from Iran and 57 species from Fars province. A key to local genera and figures are presented. Manuscript profile
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        98 - Identification of moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province (Iran)
        Farangis Ghasemi Hassan Alemansoor Asghar Alehossein
        During 2006&ndash; 2007 studies were carried out to collect and identify the moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province. A total of 16 species were collected and identified. Four forestlands including Arsanjan district with dominant Pistachio mutica, Fi More
        During 2006&ndash; 2007 studies were carried out to collect and identify the moths of family Sphingidae in some regions of Fars Province. A total of 16 species were collected and identified. Four forestlands including Arsanjan district with dominant Pistachio mutica, Firouz Abad district with dominant Amygdalus scopariae and Ziziphus spinachristi, Kazeroun and Nour Abad district with dominant Quercus brantii, Sepidan district with dominant Pyrus glabra and one rangeland (Shiraz) were selected and 271 specimens of Sphingidae were collected by the insect net and the light trap. Collected insects were identified systematically according to their morphological characteristics by second author and confirmed by Ian J. Kitching (Natural History Museum, London, UK). Moths found in this study are as follows:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; Acherontia styx styx (Westwood, 1847) Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758)&nbsp;&nbsp; Akbesia davidi (Oberth&uuml;r, 1884)&nbsp;&nbsp; Clarina kotschyi kotschyi (Kollar, 1849) Daphnis nerii (Linnaeus, 1758)&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hippotion celerio (Linnaeus, 1758)&nbsp;&nbsp; Hyles hippophaes (Esper, 1793)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hyles livornica (Esper, 1780)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hyles nicaea sheljuzkoi (de Prunner, 1798) Laothoe populi&nbsp; populeti (Bienert, 1870) Marumba quercus (Denis &amp; Schifferm&uuml;ller,1775)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758) Rethera brandti euteletes (Jordan, 1937) Rethera&nbsp; komarovi&nbsp; manifica (Brandt, 1938)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Smerinthus kindermanni (Lederer, 1853)&nbsp; Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758) &nbsp; &nbsp; Amoung them Acherontia stxy is a new record for Fars province (Iran) and Marumba quercuswas found in the most region of this province. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        99 - Report of five species of Pteromalidae (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) new for the Iranian fauna
        Javad Nazemi Rafie Vida Alipanah Hossein Lotfalizadeh
        Pteromalidae (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) is one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. This family includes some important natural enemies of many harmful insects in orders such as Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. This research was conducted i More
        Pteromalidae (Hym.: Chalcidoidea) is one of the largest families of parasitoid wasps. This family includes some important natural enemies of many harmful insects in orders such as Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. This research was conducted in Kurdistan Province (in the West of Iran) in 2010 and 2011. Five Species of pteromalid wasps has been collected as new records from Iran: Species &nbsp;of Asaphes vulgaris (Walker, 1934), Halticoptera longipetiolus (Hedqvist, 1975), Oodera monstrum (Nikolskaya, 1952), Stenoselma nigrum (Delucchi, 1956) and Conomorium amplum (Walker, 1935)&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        100 - A contribution to the fauna of Sphecidae and Crabronidae (Hymenoptera) in Fars province, Iran
        Majid Fallahzadeh Hadi Ostovan Nazila Saghaei
        This paper provides a report on Sphecidae and Crabronidae collected in a few localities of &nbsp;Fars province in southern Iran and belonging to the Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom branch. Fourteen species belonging to 11 genera and 5 subfamili More
        This paper provides a report on Sphecidae and Crabronidae collected in a few localities of &nbsp;Fars province in southern Iran and belonging to the Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom branch. Fourteen species belonging to 11 genera and 5 subfamilies were identified (as genus-species) from Sphecinae (4-5), Astatinae (1-2), Bembicinae (3-3), Crabroninae (2-3) and Philanthinae (1-1). Of these species, eight are first records for the Fars province. Manuscript profile
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        101 - The effect of some systemic fungicids against Barley loose smut
        Mehdi Nasrisfahani Mohammad Jaber Gharibi Sadegh Jalali
        Barley (Hordeum vulgar) is one of the most important strategical world's agricultural products which stand in the 4th position after wheat, soya and corn, Barley, also attact with several diseases out of which, true loose smut is one of the most important one, which cau More
        Barley (Hordeum vulgar) is one of the most important strategical world's agricultural products which stand in the 4th position after wheat, soya and corn, Barley, also attact with several diseases out of which, true loose smut is one of the most important one, which causing qualitative and quantitative losses. Various management strategies are taken into considerations to control the disease. One of the economical methods to manage the diseases is the application of general systemic fungicides. In this study, we evaluated some systemic fungicides including carboxin thiram (Dividend star &reg;, %75 wp), triadimenol (Baytan&reg;, %7.5 wp), diniconazol (Somi8&reg;, wp), triniconazol (Real&reg;, FS), repectively in various dosage levels of 2, 2, 1/5 and. /2,&nbsp; in comparison with a newer fungicid Dividend star&reg; 036 (FS) also, in various dosage levels, which was taken into studies on a Barley cultivar "Karun dar Kavir" (Nosrat).The experiment was carried out in a Rendomized Block Design (RBD) with the above fungicides in various dosage in 10 treatments in the field conditions at the years of 2006 -2007. The results showed that, the fungicides Dividend&reg; (2ml/lit), Somi8&reg; (2gr/lit), Real&reg; (0.02ml/lit) and Baytan&reg; (1.5 gr/lit) were the most efficient fungicides in the disease control repectively. Carboxy thiram (2gr/lit) and Dividend&reg; (1ml/lit) were the least concerned on the disease control in comparison to other fungicides, including the control.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        102 - Diversity of flower flies (Dip.: Syrphidae) in Lorestan province
        F. Bahirai A. Mehrvar B. Gharali H. A. Lotfalizadeh S. Jafari
        The family Syrphidae is one of the largest families of Diptera. Their adults feed mainly on nectar and pollen and the larvae eat a wide range of foods. Some species are predators of different pests especially aphids. A survey was conducted during 2009-2010 on the fauna More
        The family Syrphidae is one of the largest families of Diptera. Their adults feed mainly on nectar and pollen and the larvae eat a wide range of foods. Some species are predators of different pests especially aphids. A survey was conducted during 2009-2010 on the fauna of Syrphid flies in Lorestan province, Iran. A total of 27 species belonging to 16 genera and two subfamilies were identified, which 22 of them were new records from Lorestan province and one species were new record for the faune of Iran. The list of collected species is as follow: Subfamily Syrphinae: Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer, 1776); Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830)*; I. scutellaris (Fabricius, 1808)*; Syrphus vitripennis Meigen, 1822*; Xanthogramma maculipenne (Mik, 1887)*; Eupeodes (Eupeodes) corollae (Fabricius, 1794); E. (E.) nuba (Wiedemann, 1830)*; Scaeva albomaculata (Macquart, 1842); &nbsp;S. dignota&nbsp; (Rondani, 1857)*; Sphaerophoria rueppelli (Widemann, 1830)*; S. scripta (Linnaeus, 1758)*; S. turkmenica (Bankowska, 1964)*; Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus, 1758)*; Chrysotoxum parmense (Rondani, 1845)*; Paragus (Padasyophthalumus) tibialis (Fallen, 1817)*; P. (Paragus) bicolor (Fabricius, 1794)*; P. (P.) compeditus Wiedemann, 1830 Subfamily Milesiinae (Eristalinae): Eristalinus taeniops (Wiedemann, 1818) *;E. (Lathyrophthalmus) aeneus (Scopoli, 1763) *;E. (L.) megacephalus (Rossi, 1794)*; E. (Eristalinus) sepulchralis (Linnaeus, 1758)*; Eristalis (Eoseristalis) arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758) *; E. (Eristalis) tenax (Linnaeus, 1758)*; Eumerus kazanovskeye Param., 1927**; Merodon (Merodon) pruni (Rossi, 1790)*; Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758)*and Volucella zonaria (Poda, 1761)*. The species marked with one asterisk are new records for Lorestan province and the Eumerus kazanovskeye is recorded for the first time form Iran and appeared with two asterisks. Manuscript profile
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        103 - Species Diversity of Mites from the Macrochelidae Family (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Some Areas of Shiraz
        نواب asadpor Hadi Ostovan sh. hesami
        Introduction : Species diversity is one of the most significant indicators of changes in ecosystems. Due to their nutritional diversity, abundance, and ubiquity, mites can be a good representative of arthropods in the soil. Whereas Mesostigmatic mites are the largest in More
        Introduction : Species diversity is one of the most significant indicators of changes in ecosystems. Due to their nutritional diversity, abundance, and ubiquity, mites can be a good representative of arthropods in the soil. Whereas Mesostigmatic mites are the largest in terms of number and distribution in Parasitiformes and are able to live among different terrestrial habitats, they can be of great ecological importance. Therefore, the diversity of stigmatic mites from the Macrochelidae family was studied in 2016 in Shiraz.Material and Methods : A total number of eight species of two genera belonging to the Macrochelidae family was identified and collected from 12 plant hosts in the parks of Shiraz. The highest number of samples was collected in spring and autumn. The highest to lowest samples were collected in October and July, respectively. Among the plant hosts, Piracanta with 109 samples and pine with 33 samples had the highest to lowest hosts, respectively. Biodiversity was calculated with Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Margalf, Pete, Manhink indices using Past 4.02 and Spss23 softwareDiscussion : Macrocheles glaber (Muller, 1860) with 170 specimens (22%) and Glyptholaspis confusa (Foa) with 17 specimens (2.2%) had the highest and lowest frequencies, respectively.Result :&nbsp; The highest values of Simpson index 0.8553 and Shannon 1.985 are related to winter, and the lowest values are 0.8235 and 1.834, respectively, related to summer while the Manning coefficient is 0.7 and the Margalf coefficient 1.315 and they are the lowest values in summer. The highest coefficients of Simpson and Shannon which are 0.8617 and 2.021 respectively, can be seen in Azadi Park.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        104 - Fauna of Ichneumonid wasps from Yazd, Iran
        A. R. Zarepour-Ashkezari A. A. Talebi S. loni
        The Ichneumonid fauna (Hym., Ichneumonidae) was investigated in different regions of Yazd and vicinity during 2006 -2008. A total of nine species were collected and identified. According to the available literatures, the two asterisked species are reported for the first More
        The Ichneumonid fauna (Hym., Ichneumonidae) was investigated in different regions of Yazd and vicinity during 2006 -2008. A total of nine species were collected and identified. According to the available literatures, the two asterisked species are reported for the first time from Iran. &nbsp; 1. Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) 2. Ophion ventricosus Gravenhorst, 1829 3. Ophion luteus (Linnaeus, 1758)* 4. Ophion obscurus Fabricius, 1804* Wesmael, 1845 5. Ichneumon caloscelis arimeniaca Tolkanitz, 1971 6. Netelia 7. Meringopus calescens (Gravenhorst, 1829) 8. Cryptus spinosus Gravenhorst, 1829 &nbsp;Some information relating to the morphological characters, host range and geographical distribution of two new species records were presented and discussed. Manuscript profile
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        105 - A Preliminary Study on Fauna of Flower Fly Fauna (Syrphidae) in Koohdasht County (Lorestan province)
        sh. rasapor Shila Goldasteh reza vafaie Soleiman Nejadian Ebrahimi
        Insects of flower flies, Syrphidae are the best known predators that feed on wide variey of pests, especially aphids.&nbsp; The fauna of this family was studied in fileds, orchards, pastures and forests of Kuhdasht County during 2009-2010. The specimens were collected u More
        Insects of flower flies, Syrphidae are the best known predators that feed on wide variey of pests, especially aphids.&nbsp; The fauna of this family was studied in fileds, orchards, pastures and forests of Kuhdasht County during 2009-2010. The specimens were collected using sweep net and Malaise trap during growing season. The dominant species of flower flies were determined based on number of insects collected during study. The results showed that a total of 21 species belonging to two subfamily and 12 genera were collected and identified. In this research Melanostoma melineum and Eupeodes corolla were determined as dominant species of the Syrphid family in Kuhdasht district. All identified species were reported the first time in Kuhdasgt County. All of samples were kept in the insect collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resoures of the Islamic Azad University of Arak. The list of identified species are as follows: Subfamily Syrphinae&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer, 1776); Ischiodon aegyptius (Wiedemann, 1830); I. scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805); Eupeodes corolla (Fabricius, 1794); E. nuba (Wiedemann, 1830); Scaeva albomaculata (Macquart, 1842); S. dignota (Rondani, 1857); Sphaerophoria rueppelli (Wiedemann, 1830); S. scripta (L., 1758); S. turkmenica Bankowska., 1964; Melanostoma melinum (L., 1758); Chrysotoxum parmense Rondani, 1845; Paragus bicolor (Fabricius, 1794); P. compeditus Wiedemann,1830.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subfamily Milesiinae Eristalinus taeniops (Wiedemann, 1818); E. aeneus Scopoli, 1763); E. megacephalus (Rossi, 1794); Eristalis arbustorum (L., 1758); E. tenax (L., 1758); Eumerus tuberculatus Rondani, 1857; Syritta pipiens L., 1758). &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        106 - Investigation on Syrphid flies (Dip., Syrphidae) in Arak region and comparison of their bio-diversity indices in sampling sites
        F. Khaki B. Gharali Sh. Goldasteh
        In order to investigate the fauna and bio-diversity indices of syrphid flies in Arak region, samples were taken from April to November 2012. The indices were calculated using the Shannone Wiener index. Totally 21 species belonging to two subfamilies, six tribes and 13 g More
        In order to investigate the fauna and bio-diversity indices of syrphid flies in Arak region, samples were taken from April to November 2012. The indices were calculated using the Shannone Wiener index. Totally 21 species belonging to two subfamilies, six tribes and 13 genera were identified. Results showed that the highest diversity was in the second week of October, fourth week of June and the first week of October. The least index was in the third week of June, August and November. Sphaerophoria rueppeli is the ecologic dominant species in Arak and neighboring regions. Manuscript profile
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        107 - Introducing and identification of the species of Sphecidae (Hym) in Khomein (Iran)
        F. Hadi E. Ebrahimi S. Modaress-Najaf abadi Sh. Goldasteh
        During 2010-2011, studies were carried out in 17 areas of Khomein, Iran (Markazi province), using insect nets, malaise traps, yellow pan traps, and window traps to collect and identify the fauna of sphecid wasp. Twenty four species belonging to seven genera and four sub More
        During 2010-2011, studies were carried out in 17 areas of Khomein, Iran (Markazi province), using insect nets, malaise traps, yellow pan traps, and window traps to collect and identify the fauna of sphecid wasp. Twenty four species belonging to seven genera and four subfamilies were collected and identified. Identifications were confirmed by Dr. Schmid-Egger from Berlin, Germany. The species are as follows. All species are recorded for the first time for Markazi province the tow astrisked species are recorded for the first time from Iran. Sphex flavipennis Fabricius, 1793 Sphex melas* Gussakovskij, 1930 Sphex pruinosus Germar, 1817 Sphex sp1. Sphex sp2. Sphex sp3. Prionyx nudatus (Kohl), 1885 Prionyx songaricus (Eversmann), 1849 Prionyx stschurowskii (Radoszkowski), 1877 Chlorion magnificum* F .Morawitz, 1887 Chlorion splendidum Fabricius, 1804 Sceliphron arabs (Lepeletier), 1845 Sceliphron destillatorium(Illiger), 1807 Sceliphron funestum Kohl, 1918&nbsp; (Fabricius), 1781 Sceliphron madraspatanum Sceliphron rectum Kohl, 1918 Chalybion femoratum Fabricius, 1781 Ammophila heydenii Dahlbom,1845 Ammophila sabulosa (Linnaeus), 1758 Ammophila sp. Podalonia hirsuta (Scopoli), 1763 Podalinia hirsuta mervensis Radoszkowski, 1887 (Le Guillou), 1841 Podalonia tydei Podalonia sp. This is the first report if all species for Markazi province, among them tow species with asterisks are new records to Iranian insect fauna. Manuscript profile
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        108 - Three new species records of Ichneumonid wasps, (Hym., Ichneumonidae) from Yazd, Iran
        A. R. Zarepour-Ashkezari A. A. Talebi R. Vafaei-Shoushtari
        The Ichneumonid fauna (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) was investigated in different regions of Yazd and vicinity during 2006 -2008. A total of nine species were collected and identified. According to the available literature, the 3 species which marked with an asterisk are report More
        The Ichneumonid fauna (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) was investigated in different regions of Yazd and vicinity during 2006 -2008. A total of nine species were collected and identified. According to the available literature, the 3 species which marked with an asterisk are reported for the first time from Iran. &nbsp; Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius, 1781) Anomalon foliator (Fabricius 1798)* Ophion ventricosus Gravenhorst, 1829 Ichneumon caloscelis Wesmael, 1854 Neteliaarimeniaca Tolkanitz, 1971 Meringopus calescens (Gravenhorst, 1829) Cryptus spinosus Gravenhorst, 1829 Cryptus viduatorius Fabricious, 1804* Cryptus inculator (Linnaeus, 1758)* &nbsp; Some information relating to the morphological characters, host range and geographical distribution of three new species records were presented and discussed. Manuscript profile
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        109 - Faunistic survey of edaphic Mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in rape seed and corn farms in Gachsaran, Iran
        H. Moradian H. Ostovan M. Haghani
        During 2009-2010 a faunistic study was carried out on edaphic Mesostigmatic mites in rape seed and corn farms in Gachsaran (Kohgiloyeh &amp; Boir Ahmad province), Iran. A total of 20 species from 14 genera and 8 families of Mesostigmata were collected and identified. Am More
        During 2009-2010 a faunistic study was carried out on edaphic Mesostigmatic mites in rape seed and corn farms in Gachsaran (Kohgiloyeh &amp; Boir Ahmad province), Iran. A total of 20 species from 14 genera and 8 families of Mesostigmata were collected and identified. Among them one genus and three species are considered to be the first record for Iran. The genus is marked by (**) and the three species are marked with (*). Mites species are listed according to their families as follows: &nbsp; Parasitidae Gamasodes spiniger (Tragardh, 1910) Parasitus fimetorum (Berlese, 1904) Vulgarogamasus oudemansi (Berlese, 1903) Phytoseiidae Neoseiulus barkeri (Hughes, 1948) Rhodacaridae Rhodacarellus silesiacus &nbsp;Willmann, 1935 &shy;&shy;Sessiluncus hungaricus * Karg, 1964 Veigaiidae Veigaia nemorensis (Koch, 1839) Ascidae Antennoseius bacatus Athias &ndash; Henriot, 1961 Antennoseius masoviae Sellnick, 1943 Arctoseius cetratus (Sellnick, 1940) Arctoseius venustulus * (Berlese, 1917) Asca aphidioides&nbsp; (Linnaeus, 1758) Lasioseius lawrencei (Evans, 1957) Digamasellidae Dendrolaelaspis sp. Eviphididae Iphidosoma multiclavatum ** Willmann, 1956 Laelapidae Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer (Canestrini, 1883) Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) nolli Karg 1962 Hypoaspis (Pneumolaelaps) sclerotarsa Costa, 1967 Hypoaspis (Pneumolaelaps) karawaiewi (Berlese, 1903) Hypoaspis (Cosmolaelaps) vacua (Michael, 1891) Manuscript profile
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        110 - Faunistic survey of Mite (Acari) associated with Grapevine yards in Safiabad, Khuzestan, Iran
        I. Darvishzadeh K. Kamali
        During 1997-1998 a faunistic study was carried out on mites (Acari) associated with grapevine in Safiabad, Khuzestan, south Western province of Iran. A total 39 species belonging to 37 genera and 27 families were identified respectively. The new mite records in Iran ind More
        During 1997-1998 a faunistic study was carried out on mites (Acari) associated with grapevine in Safiabad, Khuzestan, south Western province of Iran. A total 39 species belonging to 37 genera and 27 families were identified respectively. The new mite records in Iran indicated by the asterisk. The most abundant predator, scavenger and pest mites were Androlaelaps casalis Berlese (Laelapidae), Oppia yodai Aoki (Oppiidae) and Tenuipalpus granati Sayed (Tenuipalpidae) in Dezful region. Among collected specimens, 12 species were new records for Iran. The newly recorded mites are listed as follows. Mesostigmata Laelapidae Pseudoparasitus holaspis* (Oudemans) Androlaelaps casalis (Berlese) Hypoaspis aculifera Ganestrini Ascidae Protogamasellus sp. Lasioseius matthyssei* Chant Lasioseius phytoseioides* Chant Gamasellodes bicolor (Berlese) Phytoseiidae &nbsp;Euseius obtectus* Khan, Chaudri &amp; Tahir Proprioseiopsis sp. Anthoseius rhenanus (Oudemans) Amblyseius reductus* Wainstein Macrochelidae Macrocheles scutatus* (Berlese) Ameroseiidae Ameroseius pavidus* Koch Pachylaelapidae Pachylaelaps karawaiewi &nbsp;(Berlese) &nbsp; Trachyuropodidae Oplitis conspicua (Berlese) Uropodidae Uroobovella vinicolora (Vitzthum) Ologamasidae Gamasiphis hemicapillus* &nbsp;Karg Prostigmata Tenuipalpidae Tenuipalpus granati Sayed Tetranychidae Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein) Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov Anystidae Anystis baccarum L. Stigmaeidae Eustigmaeus spathatus Ueckermann &amp; Smith-Meyer Tydeidae Tydeus sp. Cheyletidae Eutogenes africannus* Wafa &amp; Soliman Hemicheyletia bakeri (Ehara) Bdellidae Neomolgus sp. Cunaxidae Cunaxa sp. &nbsp; Smarididae Fessonia paillosa Berlese Raphignathidae Raphignathus gracilis (Rack) Erythraeidae Abrolophus sp. Tarsonemidae Tarsonemus sp. Pygmephoridae Pygmephorus sp. Camerobiidae Neophyllobius sp. Scutacaridae Scutacarus fragariae Rack Astigmata Acaridae Tyrophagus putrescentiae Schrank Rhizoglyphus robini Claparede Oribatida Euphthiracaridae Rhysotritia clavatasexion* Lions Cosmochthoniidae Cosmochthonius asiaticus* Gordeeva Oppiidae Oppia yodai* Aoki &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        111 - Faunistic study of plant bugs (Miridae) and determination dominant species in the agricultural farmlands and gardens of Arak and suburbs
        T. Arkani R. Hosseini r. vafaie
        During 2008-2009, in a faunal study of Miridae family in the agricultural farmlands and gardens of Arak and the suburbs, 25 species belonging to 17 genera of 5 subfamilies were identified; A&nbsp; species marked with asterisk, is newly recorded from Iran. Most of collec More
        During 2008-2009, in a faunal study of Miridae family in the agricultural farmlands and gardens of Arak and the suburbs, 25 species belonging to 17 genera of 5 subfamilies were identified; A&nbsp; species marked with asterisk, is newly recorded from Iran. Most of collected species, are&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; phytophagous, where, some of them have been already introduced as agricultural pests. For&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; example Lygus rugulipennis Poppius 1911, as an important agricultural pest in Arak, the most abundant species among the harmful collected species (35/09%), but few studies have been&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; conducted regarding its economic importance. The rest of the species (6 species) are predator&nbsp; which among them Deraeocoris punctulatus (Fallen, 1807) was determined as the dominant&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; predator. The list of the collected species is as follow. Lygus rugulipennis Poppius, 1911 Lygus gemellatus (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835) Lygus pratensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Polymerus vulneratus (Panzer, 1805) Polymerus cognatus (Fieber, 1858) Eurystylus bellevoyei (Reuter, 1879) Orthops sangvinolentus (Reuter, 1879) Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze, 1778) Stenodema calcarata (Fallen, 1807) Stenodema turanica Reuter, 1904 Trigonotylus pulchellus Hahn, 1834 Deraeocoris serenus (Douglas and Scott, 1868) Deraeocoris punctulatus (Fallen, 1807) Deraeocoris lutescens (Schilling, 1837) Deraeocoris pilipes (Reuter, 1879) Plagiognathus fulvipennis (Kirschbaum, 1856) Europiella artemisiae (Becker, 1864) Europiella sp. Tuponia sp. Campylomma diversicornis Reuter, 1878 Tytthus parviceps (Reuter, 1890) Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter, 1895) Dicyphus eckerleini Wagner, 1963 Orthotylus sp. Fieber, 1858 (2 species) Cyrtorhinus caricis (Fallen, 1807) * Manuscript profile
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        112 - Study of faun ladybirds (Col., Coccinellidae) in Khorramabad district
        A. Ansari pour r. vafaie j. Shakarami
        Ladybird fauna of farms, orchards and pastures Khorramabad district during 2009 and 2010 were studied. In this study, 19 species of 11 genera were recognized, one of which ** was new for Iran and 4 species *were new for Lorestan fauna. Collected specimens were identifie More
        Ladybird fauna of farms, orchards and pastures Khorramabad district during 2009 and 2010 were studied. In this study, 19 species of 11 genera were recognized, one of which ** was new for Iran and 4 species *were new for Lorestan fauna. Collected specimens were identified using valid keys, characteristics of appearance and describe of genitalia. The identified coccinellids were as fallow: 1. Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) 2. Adalia decempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) 3. Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) 4. Coccinella undecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758)* 5. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant, 1853)* 6. Exochomus flavipes (Goeze, 1777) 7. Parexochomus pubescens (Kuster, 1848) 8. Exochomus quadripustulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 9. Exochomus undulatus (Weise, 1878) 10. Hippodamia variegata (Goeze, 1777) 11. Hyperaspis quadrimaculata (Redtenbacher, 1843)** 12. Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus, 1758) 13. Propylea quatuordecimpuctata (Linnaeus, 1758) 14. Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) 15. Scymnus apetzi (Mulsant, 1846) 16. Scymnus flavicollis (Redtenbacher, 1843)* 17. Scymnus syriacus (Marseul, 1868) 18. Stethorus gilvifrons (Mulsant, 1850) 19. Stethorus siphonulus (Kapur, 1948)* Manuscript profile
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        113 - Study on biology and distribution of biocontrol agents of the knapweed Acroptilon repens L. in South Khorasan and introduction of Metzneria paucipunctella (Zeller, 1839) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) for Iran
        B. Khalil Tahmasbi S. Moodi Gh. Zamani GH. Assadi M. T. Alebrahim
        During 2011 and 2012, field studies were conducted in different parts of the South of khorasan, where contaminated to Russian knapweed to find its natural enemies. Three insect species Urophora xanthippe (Dip.: Tephritidae) and Metzneria paucipunctella Zeller (Lep.: Gel More
        During 2011 and 2012, field studies were conducted in different parts of the South of khorasan, where contaminated to Russian knapweed to find its natural enemies. Three insect species Urophora xanthippe (Dip.: Tephritidae) and Metzneria paucipunctella Zeller (Lep.: Gelechiidae) and Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi, 1794 (Dip.: Tephritidae( were identified. M. paucipunctella (Zeller, 1839) (Lep. Gelechiidae) is introduced for the first time for Iran and U. xanthippe (Munro, 1934) for the first time for fauna of Khorasan. Results showed that overwintering larvae of U. xanthippe become pupae in early May and converted to adult after 7/13 (d). Adults emerge from pupae and mate after 3 (h) with no feeding. Due to the high potential of head flies in reducing the number of seeds and also due to the limited host range of the knapweed, the insect can be used in biological control of knapweed. Manuscript profile
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        114 - Faunistic study of families Tephritidae and Tachinidae (Diptera) in Arak region and suburb, Iran
        T. Arkani M. Alikhani M. M. Rabieh A. Asghari Karahroodi R. Mahdavi
        During 2009, a faunestic study of Diptera of Arak and suburb was done. Samples were taken by using sweep net (standard size and method). According to research 10 genera and 10 species were identified. One genera and one species belonging to Tachinidae family is new reco More
        During 2009, a faunestic study of Diptera of Arak and suburb was done. Samples were taken by using sweep net (standard size and method). According to research 10 genera and 10 species were identified. One genera and one species belonging to Tachinidae family is new record from Iran. The genera of each family alphabetically are listed below and new record marked by an asterisk. &nbsp;Tephritidae Acanthiophilus helianthi (Rossi, 1790); Ensina sonchi (Linnaeus, 1767); Euarestella iphionae (Efflatoun, 1924); Hypenidium roborowskii (Becker 1907); Tephritis hurvitzi Freidberg, 1980; Tephritomyia lauta (Loew, 1869); Trupanea amoena (Frauenfeld, 1857); Trupanea stellata (Fuessly, 1775) &nbsp;Tachinidae &nbsp;Cistogaster‌ mesnili‌ (Zimin,1966); Besseria sp. ; Tachina magnicornis(Zetterstedt,1844) Manuscript profile
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        115 - Long term impacts of ground skidding on structure of soil macrofauna associations in Hyrcanian Beech Forests
        D. Kartoolinejad A. Najafi M. Shayanmehr
        In this study, the effect of ground based skidding using rubber-tired skidder in changing the soil fauna associations of surface of skid trails with the age of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years were investigated in Hyrcanian Forests, north of Iran. Comparison of structural feature More
        In this study, the effect of ground based skidding using rubber-tired skidder in changing the soil fauna associations of surface of skid trails with the age of 5, 10, 15 and 20 years were investigated in Hyrcanian Forests, north of Iran. Comparison of structural features and biological indices of soil macro-invertebrate communities living on trails showed extreme decreasing of density, number of taxa, and abundance of macrofauna in 5-year trail. Total biomass of macrofauna had not significant difference; but 5-year trail showed lowest mean value. Shannon&rsquo;s biodiversity and Margalef&rsquo;s richness indices also had minimum mean value in 5-year and maximum in 20-year trail and control forest respectively. Moreover, comparison among traffic segments showed a minimum mean value of these variables related to high traffic and maximum to low traffic segments. The results of current publication demonstrated severe impacts of skidder on soil invertebrate communities on trails surface even until 20 years. But induced impacts at macrofauna communities was actively improving and recovering during times. Manuscript profile
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        116 - The fauna of harmful and beneficial arthropods of medicinal and range plants in Isfahan
        M. R. Bagheri M. Nasr Isfahani
        Medicinal plant fields of Shahid Fozveh, Kabootar Abad and Djannat Abad for Agriculture and Natural Resource Research Stations and Kashan Botanical Garden were surveyed, during 1999-2003. Pests and beneficial arthropods were collected by different methods. Collected spe More
        Medicinal plant fields of Shahid Fozveh, Kabootar Abad and Djannat Abad for Agriculture and Natural Resource Research Stations and Kashan Botanical Garden were surveyed, during 1999-2003. Pests and beneficial arthropods were collected by different methods. Collected specimens were identified through valid sources and/or specialists of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP) and Agriculture Faculty, Isfahan University of Technology (IUT). In this research, 41 pest and 21 beneficial species were collected and identified on 40 medicinal and range plants in Isfahan province, as follows: &nbsp; a) The pests: Class: Insecta Order: Lepidoptera Pieris rapae Lecerf, Helicoverpa armigera Huebner, Caradrina exigua H&uuml;ebner, Agrotis segetum Schiff, &nbsp;Plusia gamma L., Eublemma parva H&uuml;ebner Order: Orthoptera Aiolopus sp., Acrotylus sp., Sphingonotus sp., Heteracris sp., Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa L. Order: Coleoptera Sitona humeralis Steph., Sitona puncticollis Steph., Apion aestivum Schiff., Larinus flavescens Germ., Larinus liliputanus Fst., Spermophagus sericeus Geoffr., Anthrenus verbasci L., Anthrenus vorax Water, Anthrenus sp. Order: Hemiptera Graphosuma criticum L., Macrostelles leavis Ribaut, Empoasaca sp., Austroagalia sinuata Mulsant &amp; Rey, Aphis gossypii Glover, A. nerii Boy.de.Fons., Uroleucon (Uromolan) compositae Theobald, Pleotrichophorus grandolosus Kalt., Brachycaudus helichrysi Kalt., Eucarazzia elegans Ferrari, Hyadaphis sphondyti Koch, Parlatoria ephedrae Lindinger, Ephedraphis ephedrae New. Order: Diptera Acanthiophilus helianthi Rossi Order: Thysanoptera Thrips tabaci Lindeman Class: Arachnida Order: Trombidiformes Tetranychus urticae Koch Class: Gastropoda Order:Pulmonata Helicella krynickii Krynicki, H. candeharica Pfeiffer b) Beneficial arthropods: Class: Insecta Order: Coleoptera Coccinella septempunctata L , Oenopia conglobata L., Hippodamia variegata Goeze, Adalia bipunctata L., Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata L., Scymnus syriacus Marseul, Chilochorus bipustulatus L., Stethorus punctillum weise, S. gilvifrons Mulsant&nbsp; Order: Thysanoptera 131 &nbsp; Aeolothrips fasciatus (L.), Aeolothrips intermedius Bagnall Order: Hemiptera Orius albidipennis (Reuter) Order: Neuroptera Chrysoperlla carnea Stephens Order: Hymenoptera Antistrophoplex conthurnatus Masi, Bracon hebetor Say Class: Arachnida Order:Araneae Misumena vatia Clerk, Nigma flavescents Walckenaer, Thomisus onustus Walckenaer, Heliophanus cupreus Walckenaer, Dictyna sp.Juvenile, Xysticus sp. Juvenile Manuscript profile
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        117 - Faunistic‌ study of planthoppers infraorder Fulgoromorpha (Hem., Auchenorrhyncha) in different climatic regions of Gorgan, Iran
        M. Lashkari G. Nouri Ganbalani F. Mozaffarian Kh. Ghorbani A. Fathi
        Planthoppers of Infraorder Fulgoromorpha are polyphagous insects that feed on the phloem of roots, torque and stems of herbaceous and sometimes phloem of leaves of woody plants. Many of these planthoppers can seriously damage crops in high population. Gorgan region has More
        Planthoppers of Infraorder Fulgoromorpha are polyphagous insects that feed on the phloem of roots, torque and stems of herbaceous and sometimes phloem of leaves of woody plants. Many of these planthoppers can seriously damage crops in high population. Gorgan region has six various climates: arid, semi arid, Mediterranean, semi humid, humid and very humid. In this research, the distribution of planthoppers was studied in different climatic regions of Gorgan. The specimens were collected from 17 sites with different climatic condition during years 2008 and 2009 in different seasons. The collected specimens were recognized in 4 families Cixiidae, Delphacidae, Issidae, Tettigometridae, 12 genera and 14 species that were: Hyalesthes obsoletus, Thachycixius sp., Oliarus fulvus, Asirica clavicrnis, Laodelphax striatellus, Toya propinqua, Sogatella frucifera, Sogatella vibix, Kelisia praecox, Javesell sp., Mycteodus krameri, Tettigometra costulata, Tettigometra virescens, Muirodelphax aubei.The following genera and species have not been recorded from Golestan province previously and this is the first record of them: Thachycixius sp., Oliarus fulvus, Sogatella frucifera, Sogatella vibix, Kelisia praecox, Javesell sp., Mycteodus krameri, Tettigometra costulata, Muirodelphax aubei. Sogatella frucifera is new record from Iran. The distribution maps of the collected species were delineated by software Arc GIS. Manuscript profile
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        118 - Faunistic study of Thysanoptera in Khorramabad (Lorestan Province)
        A. Horri R. Jafari J. Shakarami
        The fauna of Thysanoptera was studied in Khorramabad region, Iran during 2009-2010. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Altogether 8 species from 4 genera and 3 families were collected and identified Which the &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; More
        The fauna of Thysanoptera was studied in Khorramabad region, Iran during 2009-2010. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Altogether 8 species from 4 genera and 3 families were collected and identified Which the &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;asterisked species among them were new records for Lorestan Province. Some species are also sent to Dr. Mound in Australia for Identification or confirmation. The identified species are as fallow: &nbsp; 1- Thrips tabaci Lindeman,1889 2- Thrips meridionalis (Priesner,1926) 3- Thrips trehernei Priesner,1927* 4- Thrips vulgatissimus Haliday,1836* 5- Melanthrips pallidior&nbsp; Priesner,1919* 6- Melanthrips fuscus( Sulzer,1776)* 7- Haplothrips tritici (Kurdjumov,1912) 8- Neoheegeria dalmatica Schmutz,1909* Manuscript profile
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        119 - Faunestic study of Aphids (Hem., Sternorrhyncha; Aphidae) in Kermanshah region
        S. Ghahramani Nezhad M. Shayan Mehr M. T. Tohidi
        Because of the importance role of these insects, the present study investigates Aphididae fauna on different host plants from different regions of Kermanshah (the City in the southwest of Iran) was studied during 2010-2011. The collected aphid specimens were kept in eth More
        Because of the importance role of these insects, the present study investigates Aphididae fauna on different host plants from different regions of Kermanshah (the City in the southwest of Iran) was studied during 2010-2011. The collected aphid specimens were kept in ethanol 75% and then mounted on microscopic slides for identification to species level. Additionally, in order to better identification of the aphids&rsquo; species, the host plants were collected and identified by professional botanists. The identified species of Aphididae were confirmed by professional experts in Iran. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Altogether 25 species belonging to 13 genus of the family were collected and identified in different regions of Kermanshah. All species reported for the first time from Kermanshah. All identified species are kept as permanent microscopic slides in the entomology laboratory, department of plant protection, faculty of plant production, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;resources. The collected and Identified Aphididae are listed as follow: Acyrthosiphon gossypii Mordvilko,1914, Acyrthosiphon malvae ssp. geranii Gillette &amp; Palmer, 1929, Aphis craccivora Koch, 1855, Aphis euphorbiae Kaltenbach, 1843, Aphis idaei Koch, Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763, Aphis punicae Pass, Aphis umbrella Boerner, 1950, Aphis verbasci Schrank, 1801, Brachycaudus (Acaudus) cardui (Linne, 1758), Brachycaudus (Acaudus) iranicus Davatchi &amp; Rememaudiere, 1953, Brachycaudus (Acaudus) tragopogonis Kaltenbach, 1843, Dysaphis plantaginea Pass, Hyadaphis foeniculi Pass., 1860 , Hyalopterus pruni Geoffroy, Hyperomyzus lactucae Linne, 1758, Macrosiphum rosae, Myzus persicae Sulzer, 1776, Nasonovia ribisnigri Mosley, 1841, Rhopalosiphum padi L., 1756, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch, 1856, Sitobion fragariae Walker, 1848, Uroleucon cichorii Koch, 1855, Uroleucon compositae Theobald, 1915, Uroleucon sonchi Linne, 1767. Manuscript profile
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        120 - Faunestic study of some eriophyoid mites (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) in Khorramabad county, Iran
        A. Delfan Sh. Jafari J. Shakarami
        Mites of the superfamily Eriophyoidea feed on plants and some species are important agricultural pests. Faunestic study of Eriophyoidea in Khorramabad region were carried out during 2010-2011. The sampling was performed on orchards, fruit trees and non fruit trees, weed More
        Mites of the superfamily Eriophyoidea feed on plants and some species are important agricultural pests. Faunestic study of Eriophyoidea in Khorramabad region were carried out during 2010-2011. The sampling was performed on orchards, fruit trees and non fruit trees, weeds, pastures, and other plants. In this study 13 species belong to seven genera and two families on 11 host plants were collected and identified. The collected specimens were identified based on the morphological characteristics such as legs, feather claw, prodorsal plate, coxisternum plate, body setae, dorsal and ventral opisthosomal annuli and microtubercles. The lists of identified mites are as fallows, the marked species with two and one asterisk are new records for Iran and Lorestan fauna, respectively. Family: Eriophyidae 1. Eriophyes pyri (Pagenstecher) * 2. Aceria tristriatus (Nalepa)* 3. Aceria erineus (Nalepa) * 4. Aceria brachytarsus (Keifer)* 5. Aceria mackiei (Keifer) ** 6. Aceria fraxinivora (Nalepa)* 7. Aculus solani Boczek and Davis * 8. Aculus fockeui (Nalepa &amp; Trouessary)* 9. Aculops lycopersici (Massee) 10. Aculops tetanothrix (Nalepa)* 11. Tetra glycyrrhiza Denizhan** 12. Notallus nerii Keifer* Family: Diptilomiopidae 13. Rhyncaphytopus ficifoliae Keifer* Manuscript profile
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        121 - Survey of aphids (Hem., Aphidoidea) and their host plants in central parts of Iran
        M. Alikhani A. Rezwani E. Rakhshani S. M. J. Madani
        A survey of aphids was carried out during 2008 to 2009 in central parts of Iran by collecting and identifying them and their host plants. Aphids were collected from 83 host plants. Seventy seven species from 37 genera, belong to 5 families include: Aphididae, Drepanosip More
        A survey of aphids was carried out during 2008 to 2009 in central parts of Iran by collecting and identifying them and their host plants. Aphids were collected from 83 host plants. Seventy seven species from 37 genera, belong to 5 families include: Aphididae, Drepanosiphidae, Pemphigidae, Lachnidae, Phloeomyzidae were recorded. According to collected data, these families have the highest total identified species and distribution respectively. The greatest diversity of aphids was found on plants of the family Asteraceae. Furthermore, the family Asteraceae has the greatest host plant species for aphids. A list of aphids and their host plants is presented in this study. Manuscript profile
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        122 - Faunistic study of Eriophyes (Acari: Prostigmata: Eriophyoidea) in orchards of Neishaboor
        M. Babaei H. Kamali R. Vafaei-Shoushtari
        One of the pests considered inNeishaboorُ s orchar is superfamily Eriophyoidea.These mites cause damage to leaves and branches and finally result in decrease in crops by creating gall, erineum and rust.However, The main damages of these mites around the world is more re More
        One of the pests considered inNeishaboorُ s orchar is superfamily Eriophyoidea.These mites cause damage to leaves and branches and finally result in decrease in crops by creating gall, erineum and rust.However, The main damages of these mites around the world is more related to transmit of viruses from infected plants to healthy ones. It is considered necessary to recognize the mentioned superfamily and its species on fruit trees regarding to the fact that there is little information about these mites in Neishaboor. Therefore, samples are taken from different districts of Neishaboor during April 2008 till July 2009. The current study led to identify 5 mites species belonging to family Eriophyidae. Two species of them , marked with an asterisk (*) are reported for the first time from Iran and KhorasanRazaviProvince. &nbsp; 1- Eriophyes ilicifoliae (Keifer, 1941) 2- Eriophyes armeniaca (Bagdasarian, 1970) 3- Eriophyes pyri (Pagenstecher, 1857) 4- Eriophyes emarginata (Keifer, 1939) * 5- Eriophyes savagei Keifer, 1939 * &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        123 - Comparing mite fauna of pome and stone fruits in Sanandaj region of the Kurdistan province
        Masoud Arbabi Faezeh Bidarpour Elham Sanatgar
        Mite fauna of soil and arboreal of pome (apple and pear) and stone fruits (apricot and peach) trees in Gerizeh, Hasan-abad, Babariz, Chnow, Gholiaan, Keylaneh villages of Sanandaj region investigated during 2010-2011 in Kurdistan province. Mites collected by shaking ste More
        Mite fauna of soil and arboreal of pome (apple and pear) and stone fruits (apricot and peach) trees in Gerizeh, Hasan-abad, Babariz, Chnow, Gholiaan, Keylaneh villages of Sanandaj region investigated during 2010-2011 in Kurdistan province. Mites collected by shaking stems and leaves, stems host plants soil mite collected through Berlese. Mite identification mite resulted 31 mite species, 30 genera from 26 families from Astigmata higher cohort, Cryptostigmata, Prostigmata suborders and Mesostigmata order respectively. Soil mite constituted 61.38%, higher and lower mite recorded 228,211 for apricot, apple and pear orchards. Max. and Min. mite diversities observed in Hasan-abad and Gholiaan villages and for Mesostigmata and Astigmata mite respectively. Mite population of Phytoseiidae, Cryptostigmata mites and predatory mites constituted 3.67%, 43.46% and 15.54%. All three spider mites species incidence of widely distributed in all surveyed village&rsquo;s. Mite species identified as follow, Astigmata: Acaridae (Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tyrophagus similes, Acarus sp.), Cryptostigmata: Nothridae (Nothrus biciliatus), Lohmanniidae (Papillacarus sp., Lohmannia turcmenica), Epilohmanniidae (Epilohmannia cylindrical cylindrical), Gymnodamaeidae (Plesiodamaeus sp. nr. Ornatus), Tectocepheidae (Tectocepheus velatus), Oppiidae, Oribatulidae (Oribatula (Oribatula) sp., Oribatula (Zygoribatula) sp.) Protoribatidae (Protoribates paracapuctinus), Mycobatidae (Punctoribates sp.), Euphthiracaridae,&nbsp;&nbsp; Mesostigmata, Phytoseiidae (Amblyseius sp.), Laelapidae (Gaeolaelaps sp., Hypoaspis sp., Androlaelaps (Haemolaelaps) sp., Cosmolaelaps sp.), Uropodidae, Parasitidae (Parasitus sp.), Digmasellidae (Dendrolaelapus sp.), Pachylaelapidae (Pachylaelapus sp.), Ascidae (Antennoseius sp.), Rhdoacaridae (Rhoodoacarsellus sp.) Prostigmata: Bdellidae (Spinibdella sp.), Cunaxidae (Cunaxa sp.), Tydeidae, Erythraeidae, Tenuipalpidae (Brevipalpus sp., Cenopalpus irani), Tetranychidae (Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus ulmi, Bryobia rubrioculus). Manuscript profile
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        124 - Study on diversity of rove beetles (Staphylinidae, Col.) in Golestan Province, Iran
        N. Fathpour R. Vafaei-Shoushtari M. Yazdanian S. Serri
        During 2011 and 2013 an elementary study on the rove beetles of Gorgan (Golestan province in north of Iran) and adjutant areas was carried out. The specimens were collected by Berlese funnel, aspirator and also sifters in 14 collecting sites. As a result, 3 genera of Ox More
        During 2011 and 2013 an elementary study on the rove beetles of Gorgan (Golestan province in north of Iran) and adjutant areas was carried out. The specimens were collected by Berlese funnel, aspirator and also sifters in 14 collecting sites. As a result, 3 genera of Oxytelinae, 6 species of Steninae and one species and one genus of Tachyporinae were identified. Out of which, S. similis and S. piscator are the first record for the fauna of Golestan province. The name of genera and species are presented here: &nbsp; Subfamily Oxytelinae Fleming, 1821: Bledius Leach, 1819 Platystethus Mannerheim, 1830 Subfamily Steninae Macleay, 1825 Stenus caspius Puthz, 1972 Stenus machulkei Hromadka, 1977 Stenus lenkoranus Puthz, 1970 Stenus piscator Saulcy, 1865 Stenus similis Herbst, 1784 Stenus turk Puthz, 1972 Subfamily Tachyporinae Macleay, 1825: Tachyporus hypnorum Fabricius, 1775 Sepedophilus Gistel, 1856 Manuscript profile
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        125 - Identification of Mites the Suborder (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Kharameh Region of Fars Province
        Zeinab Alinezhad Hadi Ostovan Shahram Hesami M. gheybi
        The first step in biodiversity studies and integrated pest management is to identify the species in the region. This research was conducted in order to identify the fauna of mites under the order Mesostigmata (Acari: Mesostigmata) from gardens and fields of the Kharameh More
        The first step in biodiversity studies and integrated pest management is to identify the species in the region. This research was conducted in order to identify the fauna of mites under the order Mesostigmata (Acari: Mesostigmata) from gardens and fields of the Kharameh region of Fars province during 2014-2016. In this research, 10 species from 5 families belonging to mites of the inter-stigma order were collected and identified. Among the collected families, Uroobovella obovata Canestrini &amp; Berlese, 1884 from the Trematuridee family had the highest frequency (18.54%), and Neodiscopoma splendida and Nenteria stylifera Berlese, 1904 from the Uropodidae and Trematuridee families with frequencies of 14.83 and 90% respectively. 13% were in the next rank. It should be mentioned that the identification of these species has not been reported from the Kharameh region of Fars province. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        126 - Faunistic study of Ichneumon wasps, (Hym., Ichneumonidae) from Mazandaran province, Iran
        H. Hooshyar R. Vafaei-Shoushtari H. Barimani-Varandi
        The fauna of Ichneumonidae was studied during 2011 to 2012 in the centeral area of Mazandaran province. In this study Malaise trap, Window trap, Yellow &amp; White Pan trap, Light trap and Sweeping net were used for collecting. A total of 13 species belonging&nbsp; to 1 More
        The fauna of Ichneumonidae was studied during 2011 to 2012 in the centeral area of Mazandaran province. In this study Malaise trap, Window trap, Yellow &amp; White Pan trap, Light trap and Sweeping net were used for collecting. A total of 13 species belonging&nbsp; to 11 Genera and&nbsp; 8 subfamilies were collected and identified. The identification&nbsp; were confirmed by Prof. Mehmet Faruk Gurbuz and Dr. Kees Zwakhals. The specimens were deposited at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Mazandaran,Sari and Entomology Department, Agricultural facultyof Arak University. Five species are new records for Iranian insect fauna which indicated by an asterisk. The following species were collected: &nbsp; Anomalon cruentatum(Geoffray,1785) (Anomaloninae) Tromatobia oculatoria(Fabricius, 1798)* (Pimplinae) Liotryphon caudatus(Ratzeburg, 1848) (Pimplinae) Pimpla spuria(Gravenhorst, 1829) (Pimplinae) Clistopyga rufator(Holmgren,1856) (Pimplinae) Tryphon atriceps(Stephens, 1835) (Tryphoninae) Syrphoctonus sp. ( Thomson, 1890)*(Diplazontinae) Lissonota clypeator(Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Lissonota&nbsp; fundator (Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Lissonota&nbsp; versicolor (Gravenhorst,1820)* (Banchinae) Collyria coxator(Villers, 1789) (Collyrinae) Mesochorus sp. ( F&ouml;rster, 1869) (Mesochorinae) Brachycyrtus sp. &nbsp;(Townes, 1960) (Brachycyrtinae) Manuscript profile
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        127 - New Findings on Antlions (Neu.: Myrmeleontidae) from Iran
        A. Hajiesmaeilian r. vafaie F. Mozaffarian E. Ebrahimi
        Antlions are insects belonging to the order Neuroptera, Suborder Myrmeleontiformia and Family Myrmeleontidae, with about 2000 species, they often known for the specific predatory habits of the larvae who use to dig pits as traps for hunting ants and small arthropods pas More
        Antlions are insects belonging to the order Neuroptera, Suborder Myrmeleontiformia and Family Myrmeleontidae, with about 2000 species, they often known for the specific predatory habits of the larvae who use to dig pits as traps for hunting ants and small arthropods passing by. The adult antlions are less known, and maybe mistakenly identified by non-specialist as dragonflies or damselflies. They have a worldwide distribution, and fly at dusk or after dark. The members of family have very different sizes, e.g. genera Palpares and Acanthaclisis are the largest and Geyria and Delfimeus are the smallest Iranian antlions according to the length of their fore wings. In order to study fauna of Myrmeleontidae in Iran, antlions of Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum were examined, and seven species Creoleon parallelus, Nicarinus poecilopterus, Pseudoformicaleo gracilis, Distoleon tetragrammicus, Megistopus flavicornis, Cueta striata and Afghanoleon flavomaculatus were identified. The first species reported here for the first time from the country and other species are considered as rare species which were not collected from Iran since 1972. The photos of habitus and genitalia of the species and their distribution maps are provided. Manuscript profile
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        128 - Study on faunestic, distribution and host range of Tetranychoidea (Arachnida: Acari) on fruit trees in Mashhad region, Iran
        F. Shakhsi Zare M. Arbabi H. Kamali M. Ghasemzadeh
        In order to study the fauna of Tetranychoidea on fruit trees in Mashhad Region, Iran, a sampling program was conduated during 2006-2007. Samples were taken directly from leaves, stems and branches by shaking on white tray or use of Berlese funnel trap. Microscopic slide More
        In order to study the fauna of Tetranychoidea on fruit trees in Mashhad Region, Iran, a sampling program was conduated during 2006-2007. Samples were taken directly from leaves, stems and branches by shaking on white tray or use of Berlese funnel trap. Microscopic slides were provided according to valid methods. In this study 8 species from 8 genus belonging to two families (Tetrnychidae and Tenuipalpidae) were collected and identified: Tetranychus urticae,&shy;Panonychus ulmi,&shy;Olygonychus bicolor, Eotetranychus pruni, Bryobia rubrioculus, Meyernychus emeticae, Tenuipalpus granati and Cenopalpus irani. Results showed that T. urticae had the greatest host range and activity during the sampling periods. Predatory mites belonging to 8 families were collected mostly on apple and pear trees in regions with lower than 1000 meter altitude. Most of the predatory mites were from Cunaxidae but the most varied host range and distribution of was Tydeidae. Torogh destrict had the fughest species richness. Most species diversity was recorded from Torogh district. Manuscript profile
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        129 - A fauna study of plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) in Malayer (Hamedan province, Iran)
        M. Rouzbahani R. Vafaie-Shoushtari
        The fauna of plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) was studied in Malayer, Hamedan province, Iran. A total of 13 plant bugs species belonging to 7 genera, from the subfamilies of Deraeocorinae, Mirinae and Phylinae were collected from different host plants and identified. amo More
        The fauna of plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) was studied in Malayer, Hamedan province, Iran. A total of 13 plant bugs species belonging to 7 genera, from the subfamilies of Deraeocorinae, Mirinae and Phylinae were collected from different host plants and identified. among collected specimens, 3 species were predaceous and 10 species were plant feeder, which Among them 7 species Deraeocoris serenus, Trigonotylus pulchellus, Trigonotylus ruficornis, Polymerus vulneratus, Adelphocoris bimaculicollis, Agnocoris reclairei, Amblytylus concolor were reported for the first time from the Hamedan province. Manuscript profile
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        130 - The faunestic survey on coccinellids in Zarand Zone
        R. Jafari N. Zarei Jallalabad R. Vafaei Shoushtari
        Species diversity of Coccinellids (Col., Coccinellidae) was studied in Zarand region during 2009-2010. Samples were by collected net-trap and aspirator. Altogether 13 species from 9 genera, 3 tribe and 3 subfamilies were collected and Identified. External characters plu More
        Species diversity of Coccinellids (Col., Coccinellidae) was studied in Zarand region during 2009-2010. Samples were by collected net-trap and aspirator. Altogether 13 species from 9 genera, 3 tribe and 3 subfamilies were collected and Identified. External characters plus characteristics of the male and females genitalia were used in order for identification. Some species were also sent to Dr. Helmut Fursch in Germany for identification or confirmation. Among coccinellid species collected, six species were new records for Kerman province. Many species were predacious, preying on various species of aphids, mites and coccids. The scientific names of the species according to their subfamilies and tribes are as follows.&nbsp; A- Subfamily: Coccinellinae a- Tribe:Coccinellini 1-Coccinella septempunctata L. 1758 2-Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) 1777 3-Oenopia conglobata (L.) 1758 4-Oenopia oncina (Olivier) 1808 5-Adalia bipunctata (L.) 1758 6-Adalia decimpunctata (L.) 1758 7-Propylaea quatuordecimpunctata (L.) 1758 B- Subfamily: Chilocorinae &nbsp;b- Tribe: Chilocorini 8-Chilocorus bipustulatus L. 1758 9-Exochomus nigromaculatus (Goeze) 1777 10-Exochomus pubescens Kuster 1848 C- Subfamily: Scymninae a- Tribe: Scymnini 11-Scymnus pallipes Mulsant 1850 12-Scymnus syriacus (Marseul) 1868 13-Cryptolemus montrozieri Mulsant 1850 Manuscript profile
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        131 - The effect of cropping on diversity and density of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) in Khuzestan province, Southwest of Iran
        L. Ramezani M. S. Mossadegh
        In order to assess the effects of cropping and agriculture on species diversity and Collembolan abundance, two different microhabitats (a wheat field and an abandoned wheat field) were selected in Ramhormoz, Khuzestan province, south west of Iran. Samples were collected More
        In order to assess the effects of cropping and agriculture on species diversity and Collembolan abundance, two different microhabitats (a wheat field and an abandoned wheat field) were selected in Ramhormoz, Khuzestan province, south west of Iran. Samples were collected monthly from 0 to 15 cm soil depth during 2010 and 2011. A total of 2700 collembolan specimens including 14 species from 11 genus and 7 families were collected from both sites that among them 11 species were collected from the abandoned field while all of them were collected from the crop field. Among the species Hypogastrura manubrialis and Lepidocyrtus sp. contributed to the high percentage and dominate the total recorded population of Collembola. Analysis of species diversity by Shannon-Wienner index indicated that the diversity index was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.05) in the crop field (2.58&plusmn;0.01) than in the abandoned field (1.61&plusmn;0.19) and the species densities in the crop field were more homogeneous. Manuscript profile
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        132 - Faunistic study on hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the eastern part of Zanjan province, Iran
        M. Naderloo Sh. Pashaei Rad M. V. Taghaddosi
        In order to study on Syrphidae faunistic in the eastern part of Zanjan province in the years of 2008 and 2009, some adult specimens were collected and identified. In total, 31 species belong to 16 genus from 2 subfamilies were collected. Among the specimens, 28 species More
        In order to study on Syrphidae faunistic in the eastern part of Zanjan province in the years of 2008 and 2009, some adult specimens were collected and identified. In total, 31 species belong to 16 genus from 2 subfamilies were collected. Among the specimens, 28 species as follow are new records for Zanjan province and the species marked with an asterisk is the first record from Iran. &nbsp; Subfamily: Syrphinae Spazigaster ambulans (Fabricius,1798)*, Melanostoma mellinum (Linnaeus ,1758), Platycheirus sp., Paragus albifrons (Fallen, 1817), Paragus bicolor (Fabricius, 1794), Paragus abrogans Goeldlin de Tiefenau, 1971, Sphaerophoria rueppelli (Wiedemann,1830), Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus, 1758), Sphaerophoria turkmenica Bankowska, 1964, Ischiodon scutellaris (Fabricius, 1805), Scaeva pyrastri (Linnaeus,1758), Scaeva albomaculata (Macquart, 1842), Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer, 1776), Eupeodes nuba (Wiedemann, 1830), Meliscaeva auricollis (Meigen, 1822). &nbsp; Subfamily: Milesiinae Eumerus strigatus (Fallen, 1817), Eumerus sogdianus Stackelberg, 1952, Helophilus continuus Loew, 1854, Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus, 1758), Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758), Eristalis similis Fallen, 1817, Eristalinus taeniops (Wiedemann, 1818), Eristalinus megacephalus (Rossi, 1794), Eristalinus sepulchralis (Linnaeus, 1758), Eristalinus aeneus (Scopoli, 1763), Pipizella divicoi (Goeldlin de Tiefenau, 1974), Neoascia podagrica (Fabricius, 1775), Syritta pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758). Manuscript profile
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        133 - Faunistic study on Pentatomid bugs (Hem ., Pentatomidae) in West Azarbaijan province, Iran
        M. Nateq Golestan M. H. Safaralizadeh A. M. Sarafrazi
        The faunistic study of Pentatomid bugs was carried out in west Azarbaijan province. during 2002-2003 Totally 35 species belonging to 22 genera from Pentatominae and Podopinae subfamilies were collected that genus Trochiscocoris Reuter and two species Bagrada confuse Hv. More
        The faunistic study of Pentatomid bugs was carried out in west Azarbaijan province. during 2002-2003 Totally 35 species belonging to 22 genera from Pentatominae and Podopinae subfamilies were collected that genus Trochiscocoris Reuter and two species Bagrada confuse Hv. and Trochiscocoris hemipterus (Jakovlev) are new records from Iran. All species were identified based on male genitalia and some other morphological characters. Following is the scientific names of the identified species. The new records for Iran showed by one asterisk. Manuscript profile
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        134 - New records of Isotomidae and Paronellidae for the Iranian fauna with an update Checklist of Entomobryomorpha fauna (Collembola) in Kermanshah province
        M. Kahrarian R. Vafaei-Shoushtari E. Soleyman-Nejadian M. Shayanmehr B. Shams Esfandabad
        In this study, the fauna of order Entomobryomorpha was investigated in different regions of Kermanshah province during 2012-2014. Totally 20 species of Entomobryomorpha belonging to 4 families, 8 subfamilies and 13 genera were collected and identified from Kermanshah. T More
        In this study, the fauna of order Entomobryomorpha was investigated in different regions of Kermanshah province during 2012-2014. Totally 20 species of Entomobryomorpha belonging to 4 families, 8 subfamilies and 13 genera were collected and identified from Kermanshah. The genus Subisotoam (Stach, 1947) with two species Subisotoma variabilis Gisin, 1949 and Cyphoderus bidenticulatus Parona, 1888 are newly recorded for fauna of Iran. Families Paronellidae and Tomoceridae, two genera Cyphoderus Nicolet, 1842 and Tomocerus Nicolet, 1842 and two species Tomocerus vulgaris (Tullberg, 1871) and Cyphoderus albinus Nicolet, 1842 are also new for Kermanshah province. We also provided the checklist of the Entomobryomorpha fauna which have been reported in different reign of Kermanshah province until now. The present list contains 36 species belonging to 15 genera and 4 families. A key to the known Kermanshah genera of order Entomobryomorpha is provided too. Manuscript profile
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        135 - The funestic survey of ladybirds (Col.: Coccinellidae) in north of khuzestan
        M. E. Ghale Seyedi R. jafari R. Vafaei Shoushtari
        The fauna of coccinellids (Col.Coccinellidae) was studied in north of&nbsp; Khuzestan provence ,Iran during 2010-2011. total of 17 species from 13 genera, 5 tribe and 4 subfamilies were collected and identified. External characters plus characteristics of the male and f More
        The fauna of coccinellids (Col.Coccinellidae) was studied in north of&nbsp; Khuzestan provence ,Iran during 2010-2011. total of 17 species from 13 genera, 5 tribe and 4 subfamilies were collected and identified. External characters plus characteristics of the male and female genitalia were used in order to diagnose species. Among species collected, six species were new records for Khuzestan province which marked with asterisk (*). Many species were predacious, preying on various species of aphids, mites and coccids. The scientific names of the species according to their subfamilies are as follows. &nbsp; Subfamily: Coccinallinae 1-Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus 1758 2-Coccinella undecimpunctata Linnaeus 1758 *3-Calvia quatuordecimguttata Linnaeus 1758 4-Hippodamia variegata Goeze 1777 5-Oenopia conglobata Linnaeus 1758 6-Oenopia oncina Olivier 1808 7-Adalia bipunctata linnaeus 1758 *8-Propylea quatuordecimpunctata Linnaeus 1758 9-Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata Linnaeus 1758 Subfamily: Chilocorinae&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 10-Chilocorus bipustulatus Linnaeus 1758 *11-Exochomus flavipes Goeze 1777 12-Brumus octosignatus Gelber 1830 Subfamily : Scymninae *13-Scymnus aptezoides Capra&amp;Fursh 1967 *14-Scymnus pallipes Mulsant 1850 15-Scymnus syriacus Marseul1868&nbsp; *16-Cryptolemus montrozeri Mulsant 1850 Subfamily : Epilachninae 17-Epilachna chrysomelina Mulsant 1850 Manuscript profile
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        136 - Faunistic survey and distribution of Water mites (Acari: Hydrachnida) in Khorramabad district
        R. Namdari R. Vafaei shoushtari J. Shakarami
        Water mites as a dominant animal fauna of freshwater resources are a bioindicator factor of freshwater and also as an important biocontrol agent for aquatic insect pests. The research was carried out during 2008-2009 to study the aquatic mites fauna of Khorramabad distr More
        Water mites as a dominant animal fauna of freshwater resources are a bioindicator factor of freshwater and also as an important biocontrol agent for aquatic insect pests. The research was carried out during 2008-2009 to study the aquatic mites fauna of Khorramabad district. In this research 12 mite species belonging to six genera and five mite families were collected and identified and Hygrobates calliger Piersig,1896 was the most predominant species with 30% of collected species. &nbsp;The identified mites are as fallowing: &nbsp; 1) Family Hygrobatidae Koch, 1824 1-1) Hygrobates fluviatilis (Strom, 1768) 1-2) Hygrobates longiporus Thor, 1898 1-3) Hygrobates calliger Piersig, 1896 1-4) Hygrobates bucharicus Sokolow, 1928 1-5) Hygrobates sp. 1-6) Atractides acutirostris Motas &amp; Angelier, 1927 1-7) Atractides mirkopesici Pesic, 2004 Family Sperchontidae Thor, 1900 2) 2-1) Sperchon sp. 3) Family Lebertiidae Thor, 1900 3-1) Lebertia sp. 4) Family Torrenticolidae Piersig, 1902 4-1) Torrenticola brevirostris (Halbert, 1911) 4-2) Montractides aberratus (Lundblad, 1941) 5) Family Mideopsidae Koenike, 1910 5-1) Mideopsis roztoczensis Biesiadka &amp; Kowalik, 1987 Manuscript profile
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        137 - Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cream sweets in Isfahan city and antibiotic resistance of the isolates
        Ebrahim Rahimi Najmeh Vahed dehkordi mohammad amin heidarzadi
        10.30495/qafj.2023.1976591.1050
        Escherichia coli and Salmonella are gram-negative bacteria and are indicators of faecal contamination in food, and the presence of each of them in processed foods indicates lack of hygiene, and Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-negative bacteria. It is positive that it ha More
        Escherichia coli and Salmonella are gram-negative bacteria and are indicators of faecal contamination in food, and the presence of each of them in processed foods indicates lack of hygiene, and Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-negative bacteria. It is positive that it has the highest level of poisoning. The aim of the present study is to investigate the contamination with Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cream sweets sold in Isfahan city and the antibiotic resistance of the obtained isolates. In this study, 120 cream sweets from the supply centers of this product in different parts of Isfahan city were randomly sampled and transferred to the specialized food hygiene laboratory of Shahrekord Azad University, next to the ice flask, in order to avoid secondary contamination. The standard method was used to search for microorganisms. The collected data was used in SPSS version 26 statistical software and chi-square test was used for data analysis. The results showed that Escherichia coli and Salmonella contamination was negative in all samples, but Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed in 4 cases of cream sweets. The samples were the most sensitive to tetracycline, streptomycin and amikacin and the most resistant to penicillin and ampicillin. In this survey, it was determined that a high percentage of the cream sweets offered in Isfahan city are in compliance with the existing standards in the society in terms of contamination and health quality to some extent, but in order to improve the health of the society, Manuscript profile
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        138 - Natural marine products are a source of new drugs
        Lida Shojaei kavan
        10.30495/qafj.2023.2003146.1105
        Natural products from plants, animals, microbes and minerals have long been a traditional source for treating human diseases. Recent advances in analytical, spectroscopic, and high-throughput screening technology have greatly revived the discovery of natural drugs, incl More
        Natural products from plants, animals, microbes and minerals have long been a traditional source for treating human diseases. Recent advances in analytical, spectroscopic, and high-throughput screening technology have greatly revived the discovery of natural drugs, including the contribution of marine products-based drugs. The marine environment is a unique resource that contains enormous biological diversity and may potentially lead to successful treatments. An increasing number of compounds from marine sources are entering clinical trials, and thus, the field's impact on the pharmaceutical industry is increasing. Marine organisms are excellent producers of natural chemicals with diverse structures and pharmacological activities. Most of the new products being produced from the sea are anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and anti-infectious products. Invertebrates and seaweeds are diverse and at the same time rich sources of biologically active substances for the production of new drugs. Despite all the efforts made to isolate new drugs from the sea, due to the obstacles in the way of the mass production of these drugs, including the limitation of the reserves of marine organisms, the cultivation and propagation of these organisms and the isolation of medicinal substances from them, in the realm of experience and The test remains. However, according to the progress of science, marine medicines have a very bright perspective and will lead to the creation and expansion of effective treatment methods in the medical field in the near future. Manuscript profile
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        139 - بررسی شرایط غیر رسوب‌گذار در سیفون معکوس کرخه با استفاده از مدل فیزیکی
        حسین خزیمه نژاد محمود شفاعی بجستان
        &nbsp;&nbsp; نهشته &shy;شدن رسوب در سازه‌های انتقال آب، از قبیل سیفون&shy;های معکوس، باعث کاهش سطح مقطع جریان و نیز افزایش زبری میشود که درنتیجه، کاهش آب&shy;دهی سازه را به دنبال خواهد داشت. از جمله روش&shy;های جلوگیری از نهشته&shy;شدن رسوب و یا خروج آنها، ایجاد شرایط غ More
        &nbsp;&nbsp; نهشته &shy;شدن رسوب در سازه‌های انتقال آب، از قبیل سیفون&shy;های معکوس، باعث کاهش سطح مقطع جریان و نیز افزایش زبری میشود که درنتیجه، کاهش آب&shy;دهی سازه را به دنبال خواهد داشت. از جمله روش&shy;های جلوگیری از نهشته&shy;شدن رسوب و یا خروج آنها، ایجاد شرایط غیر رسوب&shy;گذار، در سازه می&shy;باشد. با توجه به این&shy;که بحرانی&shy;ترین قسمت سیفون معکوس، از لحاظ نهشته&shy;شدن رسوب، مجرای خروجی است، در تحقیق حاضر، ابتدا با استفاده از آنالیز ابعادی، یک رابطه&shy;ی کلی، برای آستانه&shy; حرکت ایجاد شد که مرز شرایط غیررسوب&shy;گذار، در مجرای خروجی سیفون معکوس کرخه می&shy;باشد. سپس، با استفاده از یک مدل فیزیکی، از مجرای خروجی سیفون معکوس کرخه و نیز 5 نمونه رسوب غیر چسبنده با ابعاد&nbsp; 5/0، 7/0، 1، 2 و2/3 میلی&shy;متر، آزمایش&shy;های لازم انجام گرفت و در نتیجه یک گراف&shy; کاربردی، جهت بررسی شرایط غیر رسوب&shy;گذار، در مجرای خروجی سیفون معکوس کرخه، استخراج گردید. با استفاده از این گراف و نیز منحنی توزیع دانه&shy;بندی مواد معلق رودخانه کرخه، در محل سد انحرافی حمیدیه، حداقل سرعت غیر رسوب&shy;گذار یا همان حداقل سرعت عدم ته&shy;نشینی ذره&shy;ای، به قطر 5/1 میلی&shy;متر که بزرگ&shy;ترین ذره رسوب ورودی به کانال بالادست سیفون معکوس کرخه از محل سد انحرافی حمیدیه می&shy;باشد، تعیین گردید. نتایج تحقیق، حاکی از حاکم بودن شرایط غیر رسوب&shy;گذار در سیفون&shy;معکوس کرخه در دبی و سرعت طراحی می&shy;باشد. Manuscript profile
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        140 - Analysis and review of the narrative in "The Comprehensive Story of Attar's Tragedy with Emphasis on the Design and Plot, the Narrator" with an approach to the theory of "polyphony or polyphony" Bakhtin
        Ameneh Batani batool Fakhre eslam mahdi Norooz farzad Abbasi
        10.30495/farsij.2023.1925610.1469
        Polyphony means the multiplicity of sounds and sounds and refers to a discourse in which several sounds are heard at the same time. Like music that, although made up of different melodies, these melodies are played at the same time to create the final tone and melody. T More
        Polyphony means the multiplicity of sounds and sounds and refers to a discourse in which several sounds are heard at the same time. Like music that, although made up of different melodies, these melodies are played at the same time to create the final tone and melody. The Logic of Conversation and the Concept of Discourse Gohar is the essence of Bakhtin's thought in the field of "philosophical anthropology". The main issue and purpose of this article is to study and analyze the dialogue and logic of conversation with emphasis on "plot and plot", "narrator, character" in the comprehensive narrative of the tragedy and the levels that the seeker of thought encounters. . Attar's symphony and dialogue logic are manifested in forty positions. The logic of conversation in the comprehensive narrative is an attempt to know individuals, not only through dialogue with others, but also their empathetic presence with themselves and others. The views and thoughts of the characters, which may belong to conflicting ideologies, are on a par with the author's views, and all are equally important. In Attar's phonetic symphony, actors from any selected class, position and position can play their chords, and finally, these sounds lead to a better awareness and understanding of the melody of existence and reaching the position of nearness to God. Clearly able to demonstrate the concept of polyphony or polyphony. Manuscript profile
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        141 - Study of Microfaunistic of foraminifera in Holocene surface sediments of the Asalouyeh area – persian Gulf
        معصومه Molaei معصومه Sohrabi-Molahoseini سارا Kahrobaei-Monfared
        Considering the economic importance of this region, for the first time some studies on superficial sediments(deposits) foraminifera were carried out in this region. Purpose of these studies was to investigate effect ofenvironmental changes on foraminifera and to use the More
        Considering the economic importance of this region, for the first time some studies on superficial sediments(deposits) foraminifera were carried out in this region. Purpose of these studies was to investigate effect ofenvironmental changes on foraminifera and to use them as bio-indices in diagnosis of contaminations. In thestudies regarding foraminifera, 12 genus and14 species were identified and foraminifera with hyaline lime shellhad the greatest frequency. The main identified collection is: Ammonia beccarii Linne.And the speciesaccompanying this collection are: Amphistegina lessonii, Elphidiom crispum, Elphidiom craticulatum,Triloculina tricarinata, Quniqueloculina seminulum, Ammonia parkinsoniana, Eponides repandus, Dendritinaambigua After foraminifera with hyaline lime shell, foraminifera with selenosis progeny shell were ranked nextin terms of frequency. However, foraminifera with agglutinated shell were not observed in this region. Ingeneral, the obtained results from mineralogy studies on deposits of the ebb and flow area is the evidence thatmajor part of the sediments are related to continental environment of the detrital deposit type. In sectionecological studies, water's physicochemical factors are measured. Based on these studies, increase of water'stemperature and salinity results in decrease of solution oxygen in water and water's acidity degree. However, ingeneral, water's acidity fluctuation is slight and insignificant. The most important physicochemical factoraffecting development of foraminifera is amount of solution oxygen in water which controls their frequency anddiversity. Precipitation of oil carbohydrates and other contaminators produced by petrochemical activities in theregion ruins the bio-environment, reduces solution oxygen, and gives rise to release of heavy and toxic metals(mercury and lead) from solid state to liquid which leaves numerous negative effects on marine andenvironmental ecosystem Manuscript profile
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        142 - Identification of plant parasitic nematodes of Aphelenchoididae superfamily related to fruit trees in some areas of Alborz province
        farshad Amiri mojdeh Mleki ramezan Asghari
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Eshtehard and Nazarabad, Alborz province, through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil and root washing o More
        In order to identify the plant parasitic nematodes, some soil and root tissues of plants samples were collected from different crops in of Eshtehard and Nazarabad, Alborz province, through 2017-8. After transferring the samples to the laboratory, soil and root washing operations, nematode extraction, transferring and fixing in pure glycerin were performed. Permanent microscopic slides and incisions were made from different parts of the body of some species. After microscopic observations, the necessary measurements and drawing of the required images, the extracted species were identified using different keys. During the survey and morphological studies, six nematode species of three genera were identified as follows: Aphelenchus avenae, Paraphelenchus myceliophthorus, Aphelenchoides centralis, Aphelenchoides fuchsi, Aphelenchoides parabicaudatus, Aphelenchoides varicaudatus Among the identified nematodes, the species Aphelenchoides fuchsi is reported for the first time in Alborz province and for the second time in the world. Aphelenchoides varicaudatus is also reported for the second time in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        143 - Faunistic studies on the fruit flies of the family Tephritidae in central part of Khorasan Razavi province
        Fatima Memari Saeed Mohammadzade Namin Masoud Hakimitabar
        Tephritidae is one of the largest families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During studies on tephritid flies fauna in More
        Tephritidae is one of the largest families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During studies on tephritid flies fauna in central part of Khorasan Razavi Province (Iran) in 2013&ndash;2015, 15 species of 10 genera (Acanthiophilus helianthi, Chaetorellia australis*, Chaetorellia conjuncta*, Euleia heraclei*, Goniurellia longicauda*, Tephritis pallescens*, Tephritis postica, Tephritomyia despoliata, Terellia serratulae, Trupanea amoena, Trupanea stellata, Urophora anthropovi, Urophora sp.near dirlbeki, Urophora spatiosa*, Valera ariana) were found to occur in this region. Species marked with asterisks are recorded for the first time from Khorasan Razavi province. The list of 33 species of fruit flies that occur in Khorasan Razavi province is provided Manuscript profile
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        144 - Mite fauna in dried fruits and nuts in Tehran and Fars provinces
        Fariba Ardeshir
        10.30495/plant.2023.704818
        Dried fruits and nuts are one of Iran's export products, and their contamination with mites causes significant quantitative and qualitative damage to the product in the warehouses. This study was conducted to determine mite species in dried fruits and nuts in the city o More
        Dried fruits and nuts are one of Iran's export products, and their contamination with mites causes significant quantitative and qualitative damage to the product in the warehouses. This study was conducted to determine mite species in dried fruits and nuts in the city of Tehran from Tehran province and in the cities of Jahrom, Shiraz, Estahban, Darab, Zaraghan, Larestan and Nyriz from Fars province during 2014. In Total, 145 samples were collected from 13 types of products including pistachio, hazelnut, almond, fig, raisin, walnut, date, watermelon seed, pumpkin seed, sunflower seed, peanut, apricot and dried berries. Mite species were found in 67% and 45.5% of all products in Tehran, and Fars provinces, respectively, number of 8 species, 7 genera and 6 families of mites were identified from these two provinces. The dominant species in Tehran were Carpoglyphus lactis (Linn&eacute;) (11.79%) as a pest, and Acaropsellina sollers (Kuzin) (76.4%) as a predatory mite. However, in Fars, Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank) (8.51%) was recognized as a pest species, while Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese) showed the highest frequency (80.8%) as a predator. The average density of mites in Tehran and Fars provinces was 11 and 10.4 individuals/kg, respectively. The detected mites are newly reported for the fauna of dried fruits and nuts in Tehran (1) and Fars (2) provinces and are as follows:(1): Rhizoglyphus robini Clapar&egrave;d; Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank); Carpoglyphus lactis (Linn&eacute;); Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank); Acaropsellina sollers (Kuzin); Androlaelaps casalis casalis (Berlese).(2): Lepidoglyphus destructor (Schrank); Acaropsellina sollers (Kuzin); Blattisocius tarsalis (Berlese); Blattisocius keegani Fox. Manuscript profile
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        145 - Preliminary studies on the fauna of snail-killing flies (Dip. Sciomyzidae) in Mazandaran Province
        Saeed Mohammadzade Namin
        With about 600 species the Sciomyzidae or snail-killing flies are one of the most important families of Diptera. Larvae feeding mostly as predators or parasitioids on terrestrial and freshwater mollusks,and are considerable economic importance because of their pest stat More
        With about 600 species the Sciomyzidae or snail-killing flies are one of the most important families of Diptera. Larvae feeding mostly as predators or parasitioids on terrestrial and freshwater mollusks,and are considerable economic importance because of their pest status in agriculture. They are also intermediate hosts for a number of serious parasitic diseases of man-schistosomes and liver flukes. During studies on snail-killing flies fauna in Mazandaran Province (Iran) in 2008&ndash;2015, 10 species of 8 genera are found to occur in this region. TetanocerapunctifronsRondani, 1868is recorded for the first time for Iranian fauna. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        146 - Introduction of leaf beetles of tribe Clytrini(Col.: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephinae) In Alborz, Tehran and Qazvin Provinces, Iran
        Mostafa Mirzaei Jamshab Nozari
        A faunistic study of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) was done in Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces of Iran, during 2012 to 2015. In this study, eight species belonging to four genera were identified, of which Clytra laeviuscula (Ratzeburg, 1837) is new record for Iranian More
        A faunistic study of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) was done in Tehran, Alborz and Qazvin provinces of Iran, during 2012 to 2015. In this study, eight species belonging to four genera were identified, of which Clytra laeviuscula (Ratzeburg, 1837) is new record for Iranian Clytrini. In addition, three species are new to Qazvine province, two species are new to Tehran province and one species is new to Alborz province.&nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        147 - Faunistic studies on snail-killing flies (Dip. Sciomyzidae) in Taleghan region
        Saeed Mohammadzade Namin
        Flies of the family Sciomyzidae are feeding mostly as predators or parasitioids on terrestrial and freshwater molluscs and known as snail-killing flies. Because of their biology and feeding behavior they are very important biocontrol agent against terrestrial and freshw More
        Flies of the family Sciomyzidae are feeding mostly as predators or parasitioids on terrestrial and freshwater molluscs and known as snail-killing flies. Because of their biology and feeding behavior they are very important biocontrol agent against terrestrial and freshwater molluscs that are of considerable economic importance because of their pest status in agriculture and also intermediate hosts for a number of serious parasitic diseases of man-schistosomes and liver flukes. Before this study 28 species of snail-killing flies have been recorded from Iran and no information was available on the fauna of Sciomyzidae of Taleghan region. During studies on snail-killing flies&rsquo; fauna in Taleghan region during 2009&ndash;2017, 10 species of 8 genera (Pherbellia cinerella, P. nana, Coremacera amoena, C. catenata, Dichaetophora obliterate, Euthycera stictica, Hydromya dorsalis, Psacadina verbekei, Sepedon sphegea, Trypetoptera punctulata) are found to occur in this region. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        148 - Faunistic studies on the fruit flies of the family Tephritidae in Gilan province
        Mohammad Sedighi Sadr Saeed Mohammadzade Namin
        With about 4500 species, the Tephritidae is one of the most important families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During More
        With about 4500 species, the Tephritidae is one of the most important families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During studies on tephritid flies fauna in Gilan Province (Iran) in 2013&ndash;2015, 19 species of 11 genera are found to occur in this region. 17 species are recorded for the first time from Gilan province. The list of 25 species of fruit flies that occur in Gilan province is provided. Manuscript profile
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        149 - Biofilms in food industries and their removal methods in food processing systems
        Leyla Nateghi amir Ahangar behan Atefeh Mohammad Gholi
        Biofilm is a complex microbial community enclosed in a polysaccharide or protein matrix. Biofilm can be created by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have this ability. Bacterial resistance developed in the biofilm p More
        Biofilm is a complex microbial community enclosed in a polysaccharide or protein matrix. Biofilm can be created by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have this ability. Bacterial resistance developed in the biofilm phase to antimicrobial agents is an important global issue. Bacterial biofilm is important in various aspects such as diseases related to chronic human infections, infection of foreign bodies such as catheters, animal and plant diseases, and also in food processing units due to blocking and contaminating production lines. For microorganisms, living in a biofilm has certain advantages. Microbial communities are usually very resistant to stress. Potential stress factors such as lack of water, increase or decrease in pH of the environment or the presence of toxic substances for microbes, such as antibiotics, antimicrobials or heavy metals, are included. Biofilm is formed in different places, but its formation in food processing industries usually causes damage and reduced efficiency. In addition to various benefits, [1]such as the use in cleaning heavy metal pollution and the construction of microbial fuel cells, it also has many risks. These resistant structures cause 80% of human infectious diseases, which includes a very high percentage due to their resistance and lack of definitive and quick treatment methods against these pathogenic bacteria.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        150 - Biofilms in food industries and their removal methods in food processing systems
        Leila Nateghi Amir Ahangar Bahan Atefeh Mohammad Gholi
        Biofilm is a complex microbial community enclosed in a polysaccharide or protein matrix. Biofilm can be created by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have this ability. Bacterial resistance developed in the biofilm p More
        Biofilm is a complex microbial community enclosed in a polysaccharide or protein matrix. Biofilm can be created by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria. Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria have this ability. Bacterial resistance developed in the biofilm phase to antimicrobial agents is an important global issue. Bacterial biofilm is important in various aspects such as diseases related to chronic human infections, infection of foreign bodies such as catheters, animal and plant diseases, and also in food processing units due to blocking and contaminating production lines. For microorganisms, living in a biofilm has certain advantages. Microbial communities are usually very resistant to stress. Potential stress factors such as lack of water, increase or decrease in pH of the environment or the presence of toxic substances for microbes, such as antibiotics, antimicrobials or heavy metals, are included. Biofilm is formed in different places, but its formation in food processing industries usually causes damage and reduced efficiency. In addition to various benefits, [1]such as the use in cleaning heavy metal pollution and the construction of microbial fuel cells, it also has many risks. These resistant structures cause 80% of human infectious diseases, which includes a very high percentage due to their resistance and lack of definitive and quick treatment methods against these pathogenic bacteria.&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        151 - Experimental Study of Thermosyphon variable conductivity heat pipe loads using magnetic balls And calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient
        هادی احمدی محمد بهشاد شفیعی فریده عتابی
        Increasing development of industry And keep pace with the rising cost of energy around the world Has meant that engineers are always looking for items The ability have to transfer large amounts of heat in the area of long and low, with a drop in temperature as well as l More
        Increasing development of industry And keep pace with the rising cost of energy around the world Has meant that engineers are always looking for items The ability have to transfer large amounts of heat in the area of long and low, with a drop in temperature as well as lower power consumption than traditional equipment . Thermosyphon heat pipe type have attracted much attention. The main purpose of this project Evaluate the performance of a particular type of thermosyphon heat pipe with variable conductivity. The heat input to changes in load or temperature evaporation temperature of the evaporator can be fixed. We did this by using the metal balls in the evaporator tube thermosyphon . According to the current situation and said Laboratory equipment was required by the With to provide for measuring The rate of fluid filling tube , We study on heat pipe with variable coefficients The loss and the overall heat transfer coefficient. The results showed that Performance of the heat pipe is different in the thermal load 30, 60, 90, 120 watts per square meter due to changes in the size of the evaporator . The best performance of themosyphon was by comparing the data on the maximum amount of heat load of 120 watts at least during the inactive part of the evaporator between 0 to 1.5 cm. Manuscript profile
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        152 - Study of increasing the length of the tube on thermosyphon heat pipe performance
        farshid neemati Hadi Kargar Sharifabad
        The heat pipe as superconductors can play an essential role in heat transfer According to the application, are designed in different sizes The heat pipe for heat transfer with very high thermal conductivity that heat energy by evaporation and condensation of a working f More
        The heat pipe as superconductors can play an essential role in heat transfer According to the application, are designed in different sizes The heat pipe for heat transfer with very high thermal conductivity that heat energy by evaporation and condensation of a working fluid with minimal temperature drop pass When the heat of evaporation area is the working fluid evaporates and creates a pressure gradient in the tube The steam pressure gradient along the tube makes the move to steam condenser condenses in the condenser is, the latent heat is released. The working fluid of the heat pipe by gravity thermosyphon returns to the evaporation zone In this study the vapor and liquid inside the heat pipe is modeled thermosyphon type It is assumed that the flow is permanent and peaceful two-dimensional and volumetric forces have been ignored. In this paper, the finite volume method and SIMPLE algorithm is used. The geometry of the model with the software Gambit drawing grid and numerical calculations to using a software package Efficient called Ansys Fluent by subsidies carried out and the results with the results of a study comparing the temperature of the wall and the heat pipe in all three areas have been analyzed. Manuscript profile
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        153 - Comparison and evaluation of the effect of disinfectants Microten, Savlon (Strymid-C), and benzalkonium chloride on Escherichia coli
        faezeh matin seyyedeh masumeh mirnurollahi roudabeh behzadi andouhjerdi
        10.30495/zisti.2023.1979088.1154
        Introduction: Due to the importance of disinfection and prevention of diseases caused by Escherichia coli, sometimes the companies producing these disinfectants have exaggerated and it causes the employees of health centers and hospitals to use these products as sterili More
        Introduction: Due to the importance of disinfection and prevention of diseases caused by Escherichia coli, sometimes the companies producing these disinfectants have exaggerated and it causes the employees of health centers and hospitals to use these products as sterilizers to sterilize surfaces and places without conducting tests. If these products do not have the recommended efficiency and effectiveness mentioned in the instructions of the manufacturer, it will cause irreparable losses.Aim: This study was carried out in 1400 with the aim of evaluating the effect of three disinfectants Microten, Benzalkonium Chloride, and Savlon with recommended dilutions on Escherichia coli isolates from general hospital wards. Materials and methods: In this study, 50 samples were collected from the general departments of the hospital, and E.coli were analyzed using biochemical and molecular methods. E.coli (G4S45) was used as a control. Bacteria were cultured using the pour plate method using the pharma dilution method according to the American USP standard. Finally, the effect of the mentioned disinfectants on E.coli was investigated.Results: 19 samples were positive for the presence of E.coli and three disinfectants were in 5, 10, and 15 minutes after incubation, and performing the pour plate method caused a 100% lack of growth.Discussion:&nbsp; the efficiency of the three tested disinfectants was 100% effective according to the manufacturer's instructions. Manuscript profile
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        154 - Faunistic survey Anura order in eastern rivers of Tehran province
        Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Shahram Dadgar Khurshid Tayebi Mahyar Yousefi Siahkalroodi
        Identification and frequency of Anura order in south eastern cities of eastern rivers of Tehran province have been studied during 9 months of autumn 1392 and spring and summer 1393. For this reason, 10 stations have been selected in the Rivers of Jajrood, Lar and Hableh More
        Identification and frequency of Anura order in south eastern cities of eastern rivers of Tehran province have been studied during 9 months of autumn 1392 and spring and summer 1393. For this reason, 10 stations have been selected in the Rivers of Jajrood, Lar and Hablehrood. After sampling by landing net, they transferred to laboratory to do identification and biometry. The results showed two subspecies, Pelophylax ridibunda ridibunda and Pseudepidalea viridis viridis and one species Rana camerani, subsist in these areas. In these stations, the dominant species in this area was Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda (P&lt;0.05). Population density belonged to Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda, Rana camerani and Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis viridis, respectively (P&lt;0.05). Subspecies Rana )Pelophylax) ridibunda ridibunda found with 83 specimens in all Rivers and stations. 50 specimens were found from Rana camerani. Samples were present in all rivers but were not collected from Khojir and Pakdasht stations at Jajrood. It was also found that Bufo (Pseudepidalea) viridis viridis subspecies was caught with only 3 specimens at Pakdasht station from Jajrood River and was not found at other rivers and stations. Distribution of these species was higher in summer than in other seasons (P&lt;0.05). Results showed that environmental and habitat factors also influenced species distribution (P&lt;0.05). Manuscript profile
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        155 - Molecular identification of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated form patients and environments in Kermanshah hospitals
        Sina Emami Jamileh Nowroozi ramin Abiri Parviz Mohajeri
        aim: the molecular similarity of S.maltophilia strains between patients and hospital environments in Kermanshah was studied Methods: 500 different clinical and environmental samples were collected and cultured for isolation and identification of S.maltophilia isolates u More
        aim: the molecular similarity of S.maltophilia strains between patients and hospital environments in Kermanshah was studied Methods: 500 different clinical and environmental samples were collected and cultured for isolation and identification of S.maltophilia isolates using biochemical tests; then presence of 23srRNA gene was detected by PCR for molecular identification. Finally, by amplifying 7 housekeeping genes (including: atpD، gapA، guaA، mutM، nuoD، ppsA and recA) in relation with S.maltophilia bacterium, the strains of S.maltophilia isolates were determined. Then phylogenetic tree was drawn by Mega 7 software. Results: From 500 clinical and environmental samples collected from hospitals, 28 isolates of S.maltophilia were identified by biochemical methods and molecular confirmation. Among these, 13 isolates were obtained from environmental samples and the rest from clinical samples. A small number of common strains were also found between clinical and environmental samples. Phylogenetic tree analysis demonstrated that these 28 isolates belonged to 21 identified strains of the S.maltophilia, which was due to 100% genetic similarity of some isolates. Discussion: The molecular similarity of S.maltophilia strains between patients and hospital environment revealed that all strains of this bacterium in Kermanshah belong to a specific molecular pattern and do not have high genetic diversity and probably, this bacterium was transmitted from the hospital to patients. Therefore, observance of hygiene in hospital and employing the molecular methods with high differentiation is recommended to control the distribution of this bacterium. Manuscript profile
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        156 - Isolation and identification of gram-negative bacteria from patients with urinary tract infections referred to Savadkooh laboratory and determination of their drug resistance pattern from the beginning of October 1400 to the end of December 1400
        seyedmohammadmahdi mousavi mojtaba fallah neda Jafari Jushqhan
        Today, microorganisms have become resistant to drugs by causing genetic mutations. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine culture in the laboratory of Savadkuh city. The cross-sectional descriptive More
        Today, microorganisms have become resistant to drugs by causing genetic mutations. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance of gram-negative bacteria isolated from urine culture in the laboratory of Savadkuh city. The cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on gram-negative bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections in Savadkuh laboratory. Bacterial isolates were identified by microscopic examination, morphology and biochemical tests. Fifty samples of gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections were isolated from 5 cases (10%) of men and 45 cases (90%) of women. According to the study, the two most common gram-negative bacteria in urinary tract infections are based on the percentage of infectivity in this study, which include: E.Coli (62%), and Klebsiella (30%) and other gram-negative (8%), They were isolated from urine samples. According to the antibiogram test, the most cases of resistance were related to the antibiotics ampicillin, nalidixic acid and cefazolin, respectively. On the other hand, the most sensitive drugs are nitrofurantoin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Manuscript profile
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        157 - Faunistic of fresh water crab in East River of Tehran province
        Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Gelareh Pazooki Shadi Khatami Mahyar Yousefi Siahkalroodi
        During research in different seasons (winter and spring, summer and autumn), freshwater crabs in the eastern rivers of Tehran province (Jajroud, Hablehroud and Lar) in Fasham, Saeedabad, Khojir, Zarrin Dasht and Simindasht stations were carried out using hand net. They More
        During research in different seasons (winter and spring, summer and autumn), freshwater crabs in the eastern rivers of Tehran province (Jajroud, Hablehroud and Lar) in Fasham, Saeedabad, Khojir, Zarrin Dasht and Simindasht stations were carried out using hand net. They were evaluated in terms of carapace length and width, weight and body color. Finally, the results of this study showed that the species of crab found was Potamon persicum, which had a strong and positive correlation between carapace length, carapace width and also the weight of this crab in the samples found of Rivers (Jajrud and Hablehrood), stations (Fasham, Saeedabad, Khojir, Zarindasht and Simindasht) and gender did not affect the carapace length, carapace width and weight of this crab. In terms of average population distribution, P. persicum crabs were the same in Jajroud and Hableh Rud rivers as well as Fasham, Saeedabad, Khojir, Zarrin Dasht and Simin Dasht stations, but this average population distribution was significantly higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring (p &lt; 0.05). The population frequency of this crab was 70% in Jajroud river and 30% in Hablehrood; At Fasham, Saeedabad, Khojir, Zarrin Dasht and Simin Dasht stations, the frequencies were 32, 19, 18, 21 and 10% of the total samples, respectively. The results of body color also showed that the color of the carapace and legs were often dark brown and in some cases light brown. Manuscript profile
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        158 - The Effect of Tilia platyphyllos extract on Varicocele-Induced Testicular Sperm Parameters in Adult Male Wistar Rats
        reyhaneh mohebali Akram Eidi pejman Mortazavi mohamad amin edalatmanesh
        AbstractThe reproductive system of men with varicocele is affected by the negative effects of oxidative stress on the testicles. In traditional medicine, the linden (Tilia platyphyllos L.) is used as a medicine to treat stomach ulcers, spasms and sedatives. Chemical com More
        AbstractThe reproductive system of men with varicocele is affected by the negative effects of oxidative stress on the testicles. In traditional medicine, the linden (Tilia platyphyllos L.) is used as a medicine to treat stomach ulcers, spasms and sedatives. Chemical compounds such as terpenoids and flavonoids have been identified in the linden. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of linden extract on testicular pathology of healthy and varicocele rats. In this study, 48 rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: Healthy control, healthy groups receiving linden extract (50, 100 and 200 mg / kg intragastrically, daily) alone, Infertile control (varicocele surgery), varicocele groups together with linden extract (50, 100 and 200 mg / kg intragastrically, daily). After 60 days, sperm analysis was performed and data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance.Our results showed that sperm analysis was significantly decreased in infertile control animals compared to the normal control group. linden treatment prevented sperm changes and caused a significant increase in sperm parameters of infertile animals and decreased varicocele damage and protected the natural structure of the testis. Our results suggest that linden acts as a potent antioxidant against varicocele-induced damage in the rat. Manuscript profile
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        159 - Faunistic and distribution study of turtles in the southeast of Tehran province
        Siamak Yousefi Siahkalroodi Shokrollah Rajab Larijani Maasuomeh Mahdavi Ourtakand Mahyar Yousefi Siahkalroodi Fatemeh Khan Ahmadi
        Turtles are reptiles of Testudines order and they are considered as key species in the habitat, their presence contributes to the survival and sustainability of biodiversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and species diversity of turtles in t More
        Turtles are reptiles of Testudines order and they are considered as key species in the habitat, their presence contributes to the survival and sustainability of biodiversity. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and species diversity of turtles in the southeast of Tehran province. Turtle sampling was done in from spring to the end of summer 2015 was done monthly and based on field work in 12 stations but turtles were present in only 5 stations, there was a turtle, so that no turtles were found in Pishva and Pakdasht counties.56 turtles were collected from 5 stations in the southeast of the province. After complete biometry and sex determination, they were measured by identification keys. From the 56 collected sample, 36 were male and 20 were female. All species belonged to Mauremys caspica caspica subspecies. After identification, statistical analysis of data was performed using Excel and Spss software. Although numerically the highest number of samples was related to Shahzadeh Mohammad-Ijdan and Bahram Lake stations and the lowest number was observed at Davoodabad village station, but statistically it was found that there is no significant difference in the distribution of this species between stations that the sample was found (p&gt;0.05). The male to female sex ratio was 1: 1. There was also a significant difference between sex and tail length, distance from Plastron to cloaca and distance from cloaca to end of tail (p&lt;0.01). Manuscript profile
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        160 - Investigating the pattern of drug resistance among bacteria isolated from women suffering from urinary tract infections in Savojbolagh
        Saman Afshar Mohammadreza Dehghani Dorna Rafighi Farnaz Yousefi Javid Taghinejad
        10.30495/zisti.2023.1981288.1156
        Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the medical and health problems. This type of infection is more common in women than in men due to the anatomy of the urinary tract and lack of hygiene. The aim of the present study is to investigate the drug resistance of More
        Background: Urinary tract infections are one of the medical and health problems. This type of infection is more common in women than in men due to the anatomy of the urinary tract and lack of hygiene. The aim of the present study is to investigate the drug resistance of urinary pathogens in women with urinary tract infection in Savojbolagh city.Methods: The current study is descriptive-cross-sectional, which was collected by examining 5100 urine samples from women suffering from and suspected of urinary tract infection, and after culturing in general-pourpose media and selective media and biochemical tests, the type of pathogenic microorganism was determined; then, the level of resistance in the strains was reported with antibiogram. Microsoft Excel 2022 software was used to draw graphs.Results: Out of a total of 5100 urine samples, 302 samples were considered positive, and the most infectious pathogens were Escherichia coli (%60.93) and group B streptococcus (%16.56). The age group of 31-40 years (%17.55) was recognized as the high-risk group, and the highest frequency of drug resistance in Escherichia coli to cefazolin (%60.87) and in group B streptococci to tetracycline (%88) was observed.Conclusions: The amount of drug resistance of microorganisms is increasing day by day, and this issue is a threat to all humans and animals. In this study, the highest rate of drug resistance to cefazolin and tetracycline was observed in two pathogens, which are main causes of urinary tract infection. Manuscript profile
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        161 - Study of essential oil components of Zingiber officinale Essence and comparison of its anti-microbial property with Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on some Bacteria that cause Oral Infections
        Nima Mohammad Nejad Khiavi Hojjat Eghbal Neda Jahani Arezou Mohammadi Mehdi Ahmadi Sabegh zohreh Ghzi tabatabaei Amir Kishizadeh Mazraejahan
        Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the indigenous medicinal plants of Iran and its antibacterial effects have been proven in some researches. In this research, the antibacterial effect of Ginger essence and comparison with chlorhexidine on some of common oral infect More
        Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is one of the indigenous medicinal plants of Iran and its antibacterial effects have been proven in some researches. In this research, the antibacterial effect of Ginger essence and comparison with chlorhexidine on some of common oral infection bacteria was studied. The essential oil of Ginger was extracted by Clevenger's apparatus, GC and GC/MS devices were used for analysis of essential oil compounds and accurate measurements of the compounds. The effect of the essential oil of the Ginger and control on the common bacteria of the oral infection were evaluated using two methods: Disc deffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of antimicrobial tests showed that ginger had a significant inhibitory effects on a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It was also found that the essential oil of this medicinal plant, in terms of antimicrobial properties, showed relatively similar results to chlorhexidine mouthwash. Ginger essential oil had been shown to have good antimicrobial effects against common bacteria in oral infections. As a result, the essential oil of this plant with different concentrations, after completing studies, can be an appropriate alternative for chemical drugs and chemical mouthwashes in the treatment of oral bacterial infections. Manuscript profile
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        162 - Investigation of Thermal Behavior of Inter Penetrating Polymer Network (I.P.N) between N-vinyl Pirrolydon-Vinyl Sulfonic acid Hydrogels
        Amir Sepehrianazar Anahita Noie
        Hydrogels are 3-Dimensional (3-D) polymers that are water-insoluble. The functional groups in Hydrogels lead to water absorption and swell. In the Interpenetrating polymer network (I.P.N), polyvinyl sulfonic acid P(VSA) is imprisoned in the cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrol More
        Hydrogels are 3-Dimensional (3-D) polymers that are water-insoluble. The functional groups in Hydrogels lead to water absorption and swell. In the Interpenetrating polymer network (I.P.N), polyvinyl sulfonic acid P(VSA) is imprisoned in the cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) because of the higher Maxwell energy of PVP rather than P(VSA).In this work, we prepared co-hydrogels by free radical polymerization method using the two monomers PVP and PVSA. The azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator and N,N-methylen-e-bisacrylamide as a cross-linker agent was used at 65ċ for five hours and 45 minutes. We prepared co-hydrogels in 1:1,1:0.5,and 1:0.25 mole ratios on feed composition. Therefore, we obtained amphiphilic hydrogels to study the complexation behavior between the two cationic and anionic monomers. Uv-Spectrometry was performed. For the first time, the structural properties were identified by FT-IR. We investigated the swelling properties of synthesized co-hydrogels (Amphiphilite hydrogels) at different temperatures. The optimum temperature for the synthesized co-hydrogels was obtained. Manuscript profile
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        163 - Efficacy of Sulfosulforon (Apyrus) and Metham Sodium (Vapam) Herbicides on Control of Broomrape (Orobanche aeygptiaca) in Tomato Fields
        الهام Zamanzadeh S.M. Nabavi Kalat S. Norouzzadeh
        In order to evaluate the effect of Metham Sodium and Sulfosulforon dosages on broomrape control and tomato yield an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with 4 replications in Mashhad Iran. Treatments were Metham Sodium and Sulfosulforon at th More
        In order to evaluate the effect of Metham Sodium and Sulfosulforon dosages on broomrape control and tomato yield an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with 4 replications in Mashhad Iran. Treatments were Metham Sodium and Sulfosulforon at the rates of 26.5, 53, 79.5, and 106 gr.ha-1, at the rates of 400, 600.800, and 1000 kg.ha-1. The results showed that Metham Sodium was more effective than Sulfosulforon. The highest&nbsp; dry matter, number of broomrape foliage and tomato yield were obtained by using 1000 and 800 kg. ha-1 of Metham Sodium. Sulfosulforon was applied as post emergence once in this experiment. It seems that because of this reason efficiency is less than that of&nbsp; comparison with Metham Sodium. Thus pre and post multi &ndash; applications of the herbicide was suggested during cropping season.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        164 - Effect of Rimsulfuron, Imazapic and Imazamox Herbicides on Broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) in Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum)
        E. Kazerooni Monfared S. Tokasi M. Banayan Aval A. Ghanbari H. Rahimiyan Mashhadi P.N. Kudsk
        Experiments, in Petri dish and greenhouse, were carried out to investigate the efficiency of three herbicides (rimsulfuron, imazapic and imazamox) in controling broomrape. In Petri dish study, herbicides were applied at 0.05, 0.25, 1.25, 6.25 and 31.25 micro-mole doses More
        Experiments, in Petri dish and greenhouse, were carried out to investigate the efficiency of three herbicides (rimsulfuron, imazapic and imazamox) in controling broomrape. In Petri dish study, herbicides were applied at 0.05, 0.25, 1.25, 6.25 and 31.25 micro-mole doses to broomrape seeds at germination stage without a host plant and adding GR24 as stimulator. In the greenhouse experiments, the efficiency of these herbicides to control broomrape in two varieties of tomato (Viva and Hyb.Petopride II) was investigated. Treatments were four doses of rimsulfuron (25, 50, 75 and 100 g ai/ha), imazapic (5, 10, 15 and 20 g ai/ha) and imazamox (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 g ai/ha) at one, two and three applications. Results of Petri-dish experiments showed that rimsulfuron and imazapic significantly reduced radicle elongation of seedlings as compared to the control, while, imazamox did not have any effect on broomrape seed. Each dose was applied for one, two and three times with in 15, 29 and 43 days after within transplanting tomato seedlings. Results of pot experiments indicated that the responses of two tomato varieties herbicides were different. Viva was responsive to herbicidal effect and produced higher biomass than Hyb.Petopride II. Rimsulfuron was a suitable herbicide in tomato to control broomrape. Rimsulfuron at doses of 25, 50 and 75 g ai/ha (three times of application) were the best doses, specially in viva were the best treatments for broomrape control and producing tomato biomass. Imazapic also, at 5 g ai/ha (two times of application) and 10 g ai/ha (single application) was an effective treatments in variety of viva. Imazamox treatments did not appear to be suitable herbicides in this study. Manuscript profile
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        165 - The effects of Tilia (Tilia plathyphyllos) extract on gene expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in canine mammary gland cancer cell line (CF41.Mg)
        Zohreh Mostahsan Pejhman Mortazavi
        10.30495/jvcp.2019.664873
        Mammary gland tumors arethe most common type of cancer in dogs and cats after skin tumors. Any disorder in the process of apoptosis causes the growth of cancer cells. Caspases 3 and 9 play an important role in the process of apoptosis as initiator and executioner caspas More
        Mammary gland tumors arethe most common type of cancer in dogs and cats after skin tumors. Any disorder in the process of apoptosis causes the growth of cancer cells. Caspases 3 and 9 play an important role in the process of apoptosis as initiator and executioner caspases. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Tilia (Tilia plathyphyllos) extract on gene expression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in canine mammary gland cancer cell line. Canine mammary gland tumor cells (CF41.Mg) were passaged in the presence of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml of Tilia extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Microculture tetrajolium test (MTT) was used after the passage to assay the number of live cells. To understand the mechanisms involved in induction of cell death at previously mentioned intervals, RNA was extracted and cDNA synthetizedand the rate of gene expression of caspase 3 and 9 was evaluated using specific primers with RT-PCR. According to the result, maximum &nbsp;anti-tumor activity of this extract was observed after 48 hours with the &nbsp;dose of 25 mg/ml. RT-PCR results indicated gene expression of caspase 3 and 9 after 24, 48 and 72 hours in the treated samples. The highest extent of gene expression was observed at 10 and 100 mg/ml of extract for caspase 3 and 10 mg/ml of extract for caspase 9. The results of the present study confirmed the inhibitory effects of Tilia extract on growth of canine mammary gland tumor cell line. Manuscript profile
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        166 - Antibacterial effect of Capparis spinosa (Capparis spinosa) and Pistacia atlantica (Pistacia atlantica) extracts on growth of Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo
        Mohammad Sajad Ansari Cheharsughi Asiye Ahmadi-Dastgerdi Majid Gholami-Ahangaran
        10.30495/jvcp.2020.1883526.1247
        Escherichia coli is the cause of many surgical wound infections.This study was designed to investigate the antibacterial effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Capparis spinosa and pistacia atlantica on E. coli in surgical wounds using a rat model. The antimicrobial activ More
        Escherichia coli is the cause of many surgical wound infections.This study was designed to investigate the antibacterial effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Capparis spinosa and pistacia atlantica on E. coli in surgical wounds using a rat model. The antimicrobial activity of Capparis spinosa and pistacia altantica extract was first determined by paper disk diffusion method to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and also Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Then, 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three treatment groups. A circular incision was made on the dorsal inter-scapular region of each rat. Then, rats were inoculated topically with 1.5&times;108 CFU of E. coli at the site of skin wounds. The extracts of Capparis spinosa and Pistacia atlantica was applied to wounds twice a day during the experiment. Animals of the control group were left untreated. The results showed that the extract of Caparis spinosa and Pistacia atlantica had antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial activity of Capparis spinosa extract against E. coli was higher than the Pistacia atlantica extract (The MIC and MBC values). Also there was a significant difference in the rats treated with the extracts in comparison to the control group. It can be concluded that the extracts of these plants have antimicrobial properties and inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli in infected wounds and thus can accelerate the wound healing process. Conflict of interest: None declared. Manuscript profile
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        167 - Trachea transcriptome analysis in SPF broiler chickens infected with avian infectious bronchitis
        Seyed Hossein Zamzam Arash Ghalyanchilangeroudi Ali Reza Khosravi
        10.30495/jvcp.2022.1945808.1343
        Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute and highly contagious disease of the upper-respiratory tract caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The virus is a member of the Coronaviridae family and has numerous serotypes and strains. Rapid replication combine More
        Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is an acute and highly contagious disease of the upper-respiratory tract caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). The virus is a member of the Coronaviridae family and has numerous serotypes and strains. Rapid replication combined with high mutation rate and recombination are the main causes of the observed high diversity.Feed conversion and average daily gain are affected in broilers, and infection is often followed by secondary bacterial infections. In layers, IBV causes a reduction in egg production.Today, IB is one of the most economically important diseases in the poultry industry. Transcriptional profiles of trachea tissue of the infected group (IBV) were studied with control group to evaluate changes in transcriptome profile at the early stages of infection. After the challenge of SPF chickens with IBV IS-1494 like (GI-23, the trachea tissue was used for RNA extraction, and changes in the transcriptome were investigated by Illumina RNA-seq technique. Up-regulated and down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the transcriptome of trachea were identified. Gene ontology category, KEGG pathway were analyzed to identify relationships among differentially expressed genes. In general, the numbers of up-regulated genes were higher than of down-regulated genes in experimental group. In the experimental group, a more severe immune response occurred; an important up-regulated genes in this group&rsquo;s was Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, apoptotic pathway, MAPK signaling pathway. Results of this study could provide a general overview of transcriptome changes in the trachea at the early stage of infection with avian infectious bronchitis (IBV) virus. Manuscript profile
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        168 - Evaluation of the antibacterial property of Garden Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil following the experimental exposure of broilers to Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC: 14028‌‌‌) and its ability to prevent tissue complications in the small Int
        Younes Anzabi یوسف Doustar Shayan Doolat-Abadi
        In order to apply the use of plant essential oils in complementary medicine, it is necessary to investigate their effects in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the laboratory, animal model and also pay attention to their possible side effects. Therefore, th More
        In order to apply the use of plant essential oils in complementary medicine, it is necessary to investigate their effects in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the laboratory, animal model and also pay attention to their possible side effects. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of garden thyme essential oil on Salmonella Typhimurium and to evaluate its ability to prevent possible side effects caused by experimental exposure to the mentioned bacterium. For this purpose, 35 pieces of 14-day-old male broiler chickens were divided into 5 groups of 7 including healthy control, gavage control, and experimental patient, treated with garden thyme essential oil and treated with Oxytetracycline. First day 0.5 ml of Salmonella Typhimurium microbial suspension and the next day, separately 1 ml of garden thyme essential oil and Oxytetracycline to all the chickens of the third to fifth groups and also 1 ml of sterile distilled water was gavage to the chickens of the second group twice a day with a time interval of 12 hours for 7 days. At the end of each stage, the microbial count of the stool samples was performed and at the end of the period, after the easy killing of the chickens, the pathological examination of the small intestine and liver samples of all birds was performed. The result is that the chickens that were treated with oxytetracycline had a significant decrease in the excretion and colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium. Manuscript profile
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        169 - Comparison of serum antibody titer of 8 types of commercial live infectious bronchitis vaccine in broiler chickens
        saman mahdavi afshin zakeri yuosef Mehmannavaz
        The aim of this study was to compare the serum antibody titer of 8 types of commercial live infectious bronchitis vaccines in broiler chickens. Three hundred and twenty one-day-old male broiler chickens (308 Ross strain) were divided into 8 groups (each group comprised More
        The aim of this study was to compare the serum antibody titer of 8 types of commercial live infectious bronchitis vaccines in broiler chickens. Three hundred and twenty one-day-old male broiler chickens (308 Ross strain) were divided into 8 groups (each group comprised of 3 replicates) randomly. At 8 days of age, each treatment group received different types of live infectious bronchitis vaccine by eye-drop method. Twelve birds from each group were randomly chosen and blood sample was taken on the 22nd and 29th days of experimental period and ELISA test was performed on sera for detection of sample antibody titer. The mean of serum antibody titer against infectious bronchitis vaccines among treatment groups on the 22nd day of experimental period showed statistical significance between the group that had received HIPRAVIAR Colon/ H120 and the groups that had received Nobilis Ma5+ Clone30, H120 and Cevac Vitabron L (p&lt;0.05) but no statistical significance was seen between the other treatment groups. The mean of serum antibody titer against infectious bronchitis vaccines among treatment groups on the 29th day of experimental period showed no statistical significance between the treatment groups. The comparison of serum antibody titer against infectious bronchitis vaccines in treatment groups between the 22nd and 29th day of experimental period showed statistical significance between the groups that had received Gallivax IB88, Nobilis Ma5+Clone30 and Cevac Vitabron L (p&lt;0.05) but there were no statistical significance between the other treatment groups.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        170 - Serologic investigation of the prevalence of Equine infectious anemia virus in Tabriz area
        علی Hassanpour A.P Rezaei Saber فرهاد Mosakhani
        Abstract &nbsp; Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is caused by the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), which infects the animals in the family Equidae and is classified in the subfamily Lentivirinae of the family Retroviridae. The disease leads to fever, hemolytic ane More
        Abstract &nbsp; Equine infectious anemia (EIA) is caused by the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), which infects the animals in the family Equidae and is classified in the subfamily Lentivirinae of the family Retroviridae. The disease leads to fever, hemolytic anemias, icterus, depression and chronic weight loss. This study was conducted on 287 horses (200 male and 87 female) in Tabriz area in Iran in order to determine the seroprevalence of equine infectious anemia. Blood was collected from all horses and the sera were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) using an ELISA test with IDEXX kit. The mean of Optical Density (OD) was 0.372&plusmn; 0.016.&nbsp; In these samples the lowest and highest levels were 0.273 and 0.511 respectively. There was no positive case according to the observed results. Mean OD was 0.381&plusmn; 0.014 in male horses and 0.387&plusmn;0.010 in female horses, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P= 0.356). The horses were studied in four age groups: 1-3 (54 horses), 3-6 (125 horses), 6-9 (70 horses) and over 9 years old (38 horses). Mean OD was 0.373&plusmn;0.011, 0.381&plusmn;0.012, 0.383&plusmn;0.009, 0.388&plusmn;0.017 in these groups respectively. The results revealed that none of the horses were positive for antibodies to EIAV. Manuscript profile
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        171 - Study of sedative preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects of herbal extract of Tilia platyphyllos scop in comparison with diazepam in the rat
        علی Rezaie بهبود Jafari CH Ahmadizadeh محمد Jalilzadeh Hedayati زهره Ostadi A.R Ebadi رامین Shishegar
        Tilia platyphyllos scop belongs to the Tiliaceae family and mainly grows in northern parts of the country. It has various pharmacological effects including anxiolytic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, tranquilization and sedation, hypnotic and muscular relaxa More
        Tilia platyphyllos scop belongs to the Tiliaceae family and mainly grows in northern parts of the country. It has various pharmacological effects including anxiolytic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, spasmolytic, tranquilization and sedation, hypnotic and muscular relaxation. In order to study sedative, preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects herbal extract of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop in comparison with diazepam in different groups of female Wistar rats with the same age and weight, doses of 150 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and&nbsp; 450 mg/kg of herbal extract, 1.2 mg/kg of diazepam and equal volumes of dimethyl sulfoxide as a placebo were injected to rats intraperitoneally 30 minutes prior to evaluation of sedative and preanaesthetic effects (induced sleep duration following 40 mg/kg administration intraperitoneally) and anxiolytic effects (using elevated plus maze and Rotarod test). Statistical results obtained represent a significant increase in sleep time induced with ketamine and also a significant increase in time spent by rats in open arms of maze with high and low doses of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop herbal extract (p&lt;0.01). The result showed that herbal extract of Tiliaplatyphyllos scop at a dose of 300 mg/kg has sedative, preanaesthetic and anxiolytic effects. Manuscript profile
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        172 - Detection of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (4/91 type) in Broiler Chickens in Chahrmahal-va-bakhtiyari Province
        مجید Gholami-Ahangaran A.M Shoushtari عباس Doosti E.A Fathi Hafshejani نوشا Zia-Jahromi
        Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is a viral contagious respiratory disease. The causing agent of this disease has several serotypes. In this study, 4/91 type of Infectious bronchitis (IB) was identified. For this, tracheal samples were taken from 18 broiler chickens f More
        Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is a viral contagious respiratory disease. The causing agent of this disease has several serotypes. In this study, 4/91 type of Infectious bronchitis (IB) was identified. For this, tracheal samples were taken from 18 broiler chickens flocks having respiratory signs suspected to IB disease with one percent mortality in day. After RNA extraction from tissue samples in one step RT-PCR reaction, a fragment of S1 gene was amplified by common primers for all IB viruses. Then RT-PCR product was amplified for identification of 4/91(793/B) type by type specific primers in Nested-PCR. Results showed, 11 out 18 flocks (61.1%) were infected to IB that 45.45% of IB infected flocks were infected to 4/91 type. Therefore it seems 4/91 type of IB has role in forming and complexing of respiratory signs in broiler chickens suffering to respiratory syndrome in Chahrmahal-va-bakhtiyari province and it is necessary to give a suitable controlling strategy for prevention of 4/91 infection. Manuscript profile
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        173 - Comparative survey on ascites syndrome incidence rate in broiler chickens infected and non-infected by infectious bronchitis
        عادل Feizi کامروز Kaboli
        Infectious Bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious viral respiratory disease of chickens characterized by gasping, coughing, tracheal rales and nasal discharge. Infected chickens have congestion in trachea and lungs with caseous exudates exudates in the trachea in More
        Infectious Bronchitis is an acute and highly contagious viral respiratory disease of chickens characterized by gasping, coughing, tracheal rales and nasal discharge. Infected chickens have congestion in trachea and lungs with caseous exudates exudates in the trachea in post mortem examination. Ascites syndrome is a significant cause of mortality in broiler chickens. Gross lesions of this syndrome are cardiac enlargement, hydropericard and ascites. Infectious Bronchitis virus induces repiratory damage and causes ascites in broilers. In this study eight broiler farms that were infected to infectious Bronchitis selected. Blood samples were collected at the onset of infection and ELISA Test was applied for confirmation of infectious Bronchitis. In each farm autopsy was applied, causes of mortality recorded and also feed conversion ratio, total weight and feed consumption were calculated. The percentage of ascites mortality in chickens that were infected to infectious Bronchitis increased significantly than the control chickens. In eight infectious bronchitis infected famrs, percentage ascites mortality was 3% and in non-infected chickens was 0.5%. Total weight in infected (IB) chickens was significantly lower than in healthy chickens. Feed conversion ratio in infected chickens was higher than healthy chickens. There is a positive correlation between Infectious Bronchitis and the rate of ascites incidence. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        174 - Survey of primultaneous Contamination with CIAV and infection with AI and ND in broiler chicken of Chaharmahal - va - Bakhtiari provence
        ezzatollah fathihafshanjani
        Abstract &nbsp;&nbsp; The agent of chicken infectious anemia (CIA) belongs to Circoviridae. CIA can cause severe anemia, immunosuppression and high sensitivity to bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate simultaneous in More
        Abstract &nbsp;&nbsp; The agent of chicken infectious anemia (CIA) belongs to Circoviridae. CIA can cause severe anemia, immunosuppression and high sensitivity to bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate simultaneous infection of CIA with Newcastle disease (ND) and Avian influenza (AI) in broiler chickens of Chahrmahal-va-Bakhtiari province. For this purpose, in 2011, from 14 broilers chicken flocks at 2-7 weeks old age, with confirmed ND and AI thymus and bursa of fabricious were sampled for amplification of 1390 base pair fragment of VP1 of CIA virus. Histopathologic the result of PCR showed that 4 flocks (28.57%) were one hundred percent infected with CIA. examination approved the results of PCR. This study showed high simultaneous infection rate of CIA with ND and AI that causes high mortality in these flocks. Therefore, this may be related to immunosuppressant effect of CIA, alone or with other infections. Manuscript profile
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        175 - Survey of risk factors for the prevalence of leptospiral infection in horses of Gonbad area
        omid jaheddashliboroun ali hassanpour
        Leptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic infection occurring in animals and humans. Rodents and wild animals are a major source of infection. Clinical signs in animals include fever, heamoglubinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive fail More
        Leptospirosis is a world-wide zoonotic infection occurring in animals and humans. Rodents and wild animals are a major source of infection. Clinical signs in animals include fever, heamoglubinuria, jaundice, abortion, mastitis, reduced milk production, reproductive failure and death with periodic ophthalmia, abortion and stillbirths being among its important signs in horses. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the prevalence of leptospiral infection in horses of Gonbad area. This study was conducted on 200 horses in Gonbad area in Iran in order to determine seroprevalence of leptospiral infection. Sera were initially screened at dilution of 1:100 against 7 live serovars of Leptospira interrogans: Pomona, Canicola, Hardjo, Ballom, Icterohaemorrhagiae, AutomenalisandGrippotyphosausing themicroscopic agglutination test. The prevalence of leptospiral infection was 12% in horses. The majority of these infections were seen in horses that live in marsh and semi-marsh conditions and they accounted for 89% of positive samples. The highest number of reactors in horses (58.34%) wasdue toserovarCanicola and 33.34% of positive samples were seen in horses with many rodents living in their environment.66.67% of positive samples were seen in horses that were kept In moist and semi moist stables. The highest number of positive samples were seen in 3 to 6 years old animals, in other words prevalence of this disease is raised with increase of age. So according to the results, increasing age, living in marsh environment, moist stable presence of infected dogs and rodents, in environment are some of risks factors for prevalence of leptospiral infection Manuscript profile
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        176 - Evaluation of Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Electromagnetic with Very Low Frequency Method in Identifying Buried Karst in Shaho Rifts (The Case of Quri Qaleh Cave)
        Ronak Shokati Amjad maleki Farzad Shirzaditabar
        Karst and karst cavities are one of the most challenging subjects. Given that karst areas cover approximately 20% of the land area, Identifying and investigating the location of karst buried cavities can be useful in various usages such as tourism development, subsidenc More
        Karst and karst cavities are one of the most challenging subjects. Given that karst areas cover approximately 20% of the land area, Identifying and investigating the location of karst buried cavities can be useful in various usages such as tourism development, subsidence prevention and karst water resources. In the rifts of Shaho, located in Kermanshah province, karst landforms, including caves and buried cavities, are well stretched. The current study attempted to identify rapid and early karst cavities using an easy and low-cost method in geomorphological studies. To this end, in Shaho rifts (Quri Qaleh cave and its surroundings), two geophysical methods namely Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Very Low Frequency Electromagnetism (VLF) were utilized and compared. Initially, by determining the location of the cave on the ground, the profile performing route was designed perpendicular to the cave route. Then, 5 profiles were performed by VLF and 4 profiles by ERT method. Four ERT profiles perpendicular to profiles 2, 4 and 5 of VLF were taken and finally the results of the two methods were compared. In addition to determining the exact location of the cave, the results of both methods revealed anomalies outside the cave. Other findings of the research include the possibility of rapidly achieving the results and the cheaper use of the VLF method compared to other identification methods. Manuscript profile
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        177 - Tafony (Genesis, Evolution, and Distribution issues)
        mojtaba khalilizadeh
        Rock in many aspects of human activity has fundamental importance. If the rocks in different conditions than the current environment to be formed, are posses to natural weathering processes and forms shapes that are interesting&nbsp; subject to geomorphologists to be us More
        Rock in many aspects of human activity has fundamental importance. If the rocks in different conditions than the current environment to be formed, are posses to natural weathering processes and forms shapes that are interesting&nbsp; subject to geomorphologists to be used effectively in creating the conditions and how they are developed. In geomorphology, Tafony has a surprising form by the chemical and salt weathering that are created on rocky outcrops. These quasi-cave shapes can be found in different structures such as sandstone, granite, dolomite, limestone, rhyolite and metamorphosed conglomerate. They also have been observed in different climates such as Polar Regions, coastal, semi-arid areas and even on Mars. Despite extensive distribution of Tafony, this issue must consider that they are generally found in rock crystal and grain and also, are created in terms of environmental in humid and salty environments. Since some forms of Tafony are very old, especially those that are very large and wide, often as evidence of past climatic periods are raised so they can study as the evidence of the weather and climatic conditions of that era. Considering the distribution of this phenomenon, how Tafony formed and their effective processes is still discussed and there are different opinions about its genesis. Since we can find this phenomenon in all climates, it is mentioned in many resources, including coastal, deserts texts, and since this phenomenon is one of the forms of weathering and could be seen on marine and urban structures, so in some of these works without reference to the name of Tafony, have been studied. In Iran, this phenomenon has been observed in many areas, including Abyaneh road, Larestan, alongside Qom road, Binaloud mountains, southern slopes of the Zagros and ... that generally includes sub glacial, cold, coastal and desert areas, amny studies have been done on them as often or in case of dominant erosion in geology and works of geomorphologists such as Zomorodian and Ahmadi with some brief reference to their formation. In this study we try to evaluate the Iranian and global literature in relation to Tafony genesis, its causes and distribution and new findings in relation to this phenomenon is discussed to be exposed. Manuscript profile
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        178 - مقایسه‌ صفات ریخت‌شناختی و فیتوشیمیایی محصولات بهاره و تابستانه سه ژنوتیپ انجیر در استان گلستان
        زهرا کیخا اسماعیل سیفی فریال وارسته عظیم قاسم نژاد
        Manuscript profile
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        179 - The Effects of Oral Administration of a Traditional Product (ma-ol-asal morakab) in Comparison with Placebo on Prevention and Treatment of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: A Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial
        Rasool Choopani Zahra Shoaei Minoosh Shabani Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili Ali Saffaei Zahra Sahraei
        10.30495/ejmp.2023.1962876.1697
        Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial disease defined as occurring 48 hours after initiation of mechanical ventilation. In the present study, the effect of oral consumption of the traditional medicinal product (a product containing hon More
        Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common nosocomial disease defined as occurring 48 hours after initiation of mechanical ventilation. In the present study, the effect of oral consumption of the traditional medicinal product (a product containing honey, ginger, cardamom, alpinia, saffron, mastic, and cinnamon) on the prevention and treatment of VAP was investigated. The study was a randomized clinical trial, conducted on 41 intubated patients admitted to Loghman Hakim and Shohadaye Tajrish hospitals in Tehran during 2019-2020. Patients were divided into two groups including 19 cases (control) and 22 cases (intervention). In the intervention group, patients received 10 ml of mixed honey syrup (manufactured by Niyak Gorgan Pharmaceutical Factory) three times a day by gavage. In all patients, variables such as demographic information, underlying diseases, medications, duration of intubation, rate of VAP, and clinical and laboratory information were recorded and evaluated. The incidence of VAP based on the CPIS score was 50% and 47.36% &nbsp;in the intervention and control group, respectively, showing no significant difference ​​(P&le;0.558). Also, based on the analysis of the obtained data, no significant difference was found between the days of antibiotic treatment in patients with pneumonia. Based on the findings, this product had no effect on the rate of pneumonia caused by mechanical ventilation devices, but its positive effects were evident in stopping fever faster in the patients of the intervention group. Manuscript profile
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        180 - Effect of foliar application of chitosan on the quantity and quality of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. angustifolius Bieb. essential oil under different irrigation regimes
        Seyed Mohammad Alavi Samani Prof. Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Fatemeh Malekpoor
        10.30495/ejmp.2021.1920256.1621
        Chitosan is a chitin-derived glosamine polysaccharide used as a bioelicitor to improve the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. To investigate the effect of chitosan elicitor on the quantity and quality of essential oil of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. angustifolius More
        Chitosan is a chitin-derived glosamine polysaccharide used as a bioelicitor to improve the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. To investigate the effect of chitosan elicitor on the quantity and quality of essential oil of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. angustifolius Bieb. under different irrigation regimes, a factorial experiment was conducted in the Research Center for Medicinal Plants, I.A.U., Shahrekord in the crop year 2017-2018 in a RCBD with four replications. Experimental factors included different concentrations of chitosan at three levels of 0, 0.25 and 0.50 g/L and irrigation regimes including 4, 6, and 10-day intervals. The essential oil of the flowering branches of the plant was extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevinger apparatus and phytochemically analyzed by GC/MS. The main compounds of the hyssop essential oil were trans-pinocampone, cis-pinocampone, &beta;-pinene, myrtenol, &alpha;-thujene, &alpha;-pinene, sabinene, delta-3-carcene and camphor. The results showed that the effect of different concentrations of chitosan and irrigation regimes on the yield of essential oil was significant (P &lt;0.01). Different concentrations of chitosan had a significant effect (P &lt;0.01) on the amount of some compounds essential such as trans-pinocampone, cis-pinocampone and myrtenol. In addition, different irrigation regimes had a significant effect on the amount of some compounds such as trans-pinocampone and cis-pinocampone (P &lt;0.01) and sabinene, &alpha;-pinene and &beta;-pinene (P &lt;0.05). The results indicated that the maximum essential oil yield and pinocampone, as the most important consituent of hyssop &nbsp;is obtained from chitosan &nbsp;at 0.5 g/L and irrigation once every 10 days. It seems that chitosan foliar application and increasing the intervals of irrigation period can be effective in increasing the yield and quantitative and qualitative properties of hyssop essential oil. Manuscript profile
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        181 - Explaining the Resilience of Cities Against Infectious Diseases (Covid-19) (The Case Study of Zanjan)
        mohamad taghi heydari mohammad rasoli sharareh saidpour
        The growing trend of urbanization in the years after the Industrial Revolution reduced the capacity of cities to meet the needs of citizens and their capabilities. In this regard, the occurrence of unexpected events such as the Corona outbreak has raised the need to mea More
        The growing trend of urbanization in the years after the Industrial Revolution reduced the capacity of cities to meet the needs of citizens and their capabilities. In this regard, the occurrence of unexpected events such as the Corona outbreak has raised the need to measure the flexibility of cities to establish a proportion between the container and the urban content. Although the outbreak of Corona is an unexpected event, in recent years cities have been warned through SARS that human society in general and cities, in particular, should adopt policies against events such as high-prevalence infectious diseases, but so far the issue of infectious diseases in cities has not been addressed, so when cities face such incidents, more confusion and disability are displayed. The present study aims to identify cities against infectious diseases, identify all the effects that infectious diseases can have on cities, and finally provide the best coping strategies. For this purpose, the documentary-field method has been used to collect information and for analysis and evaluation, FEMA and FAAO techniques have been used and GIS has been used for graphical representation. The results of the research have shown that; closure of small businesses, the inability of the poor to provide for their livelihoods, loss of socio-spatial justice in the distribution and use of services, adverse psychological effects on citizens at risk of disease, and reverse effects of public transportation on disease, scarcity, and hoarding of food-therapy, closure and suspension of educational activities, the disorder of urban management institutions to deal with the Covid-19, reverse effect of congestion growth against the infectious disease, have been the most important effects of infectious disease on cities, in this regard, actions to control and resilience of the city before and after failure have been presented. The obtained results have been proved to be successful. Manuscript profile
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        182 - The Role and the Position of Ctesiphon in the Political and Economic Transactions of Sasanian Empire
        Soltan Ali Karimi Feizollah Boushasb Gushe Ahmad Kamranifar
        By the Sassanid government, Ardeshir Babakan chose Ctesiphon as the capital. This city played a significant role in creation of the country&rsquo;s political unity and turned it into a political, economic, and social center. Due to locating on important commercial and t More
        By the Sassanid government, Ardeshir Babakan chose Ctesiphon as the capital. This city played a significant role in creation of the country&rsquo;s political unity and turned it into a political, economic, and social center. Due to locating on important commercial and trade routes, such as the Silk Road and the Persian Gulf Sea to the Indian Ocean, Ctesiphon was politically and strategically of particular importance in Mesopotamia. At the end of the Sassanid government, given the turbulent political, economic, and social situation, Ctesiphon lost its initial prosperity. In terms of trade and commerce, the Sassanid capital played the key role in international relations since the Iranian cities were the trade and industry center during the Sassanid era. Given the kings&rsquo; frequent comings and goings in the last years of the Sassanid government, political and military instability in Ctesiphon led to turmoil in the capital and other subordinate states as well as revolts of the states&rsquo; governors and rulers in various parts of the country. Research method: In the present paper, based on its theoretical nature, the historical, explanatory, and analytical research method is employed and library method is used for collecting data. The present paper is aimed at explaining the Ctesiphon&rsquo;s role and position in the political and economic equations of the Sassanid era. Manuscript profile
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        183 - Numerical Investigation of the Reinforced Concrete rectangular liquid storage structure (CRLSS) under blast impact by LBE method
        Ali Ahmadi Zadeh Kaveh Nezamisavojbolaghi Alaaddin Behravesh Mohsen Parviz
        10.30495/civil.2022.693105
        Liquid Storage refers to structures utilized to store water in the water supply and refueling systems of industrial estates and refineries. These structures are also widely used in industrial areas and nuclear facilities. In the field of energy industry and macroeconomi More
        Liquid Storage refers to structures utilized to store water in the water supply and refueling systems of industrial estates and refineries. These structures are also widely used in industrial areas and nuclear facilities. In the field of energy industry and macroeconomics, protection of resources and storage structures is considered as one of the important and strategic necessities. The present research investigated an unburied concrete reinforced liquid storage structure (CRLSS) with dimensions of 1 &times; 1 &times; 4 m under impact of blast with different TNT masses of 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 kg at 2.5, 4 and 5.5 meters at both lateral and upper positions of the surrounding wall of the CRLSS. Load blast enhanced (LBE) and LS-DYNA, a non-linear dynamic software, were applied for modeling and explicit solution modeling was used to model the shock caused by the blast wave. The impact of shock, pressure and damage to the CRLSS has been investigated after validating the numerical method by laboratory studies by changing the distances and masses of TNT in both lateral and upper positions of the CRLSS. The results indicate that the most critical situation is when TNT is in the lateral position at 2.5 meters from CRLSS, and impact of blast shock and pressure on the CRLSS increased by approximately 20%, 30%, 36% and 43% by increasing the amount of TNT to 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.8 times, respectively. Based on the results, the reduction of the amount of damage and the spread of damage in the body of the CRLSS has occurred with the increase of the height of the fluid Manuscript profile
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        184 - The Effect of Simultaneous and Multi-Stage Explosions on the Response of Structures Buried in Soil
        Saeid Firouzabadi Hadi Dashti Alireza Fiouz
        10.30495/civil.2022.693717
        Underground structures are the best options to build command posts, shelters, weapons depots, important equipment, and defense industries. The manner in which a loading is caused by launch of airplane bombs on buried underground structures is among major issues on which More
        Underground structures are the best options to build command posts, shelters, weapons depots, important equipment, and defense industries. The manner in which a loading is caused by launch of airplane bombs on buried underground structures is among major issues on which relatively few studies have been carried out, and may not be considered in design of such structures. The simultaneous and Multi-step explosions of missile launches from aircraft and drones also affect the buried structural response.&nbsp; Therefore, in the present study, after verifying the validity of the numerical model with a real model, a comparative study on the effect of simultaneous and multi-stage bombs on response of secure buried structures in soil was carried out using finite element method. This issue has been investigated in four cases with constant burial depth and different explosion location. The results of maximum stresses presented that, in the case of multiple-stage bombing loads, underground structures under study, in all considered situations, experienced more stress than the simultaneous explosive loading mode. The difference of these changes has been observed in some places up to about 15%. Manuscript profile
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        185 - A review of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the environment: pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, genetic diversity, and removal ways from water treatment
        Ghasem Ghorbani Ebrahim Rahimi Amir Shakerian
        10.30495/jfm.2023.1974180.1798
        Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a waterborne pathogen is a growing concern to public health sectors. Many sources of environmental water could potentially be acting as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. Due to the fact that P. aeruginosa is an op More
        Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a waterborne pathogen is a growing concern to public health sectors. Many sources of environmental water could potentially be acting as a reservoir for potentially pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. Due to the fact that P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and causes serious problems, it seems necessary to know the pathogenesis, antibiotic resistance, genetic diversity and methods of removing it from drinking water. The pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa has been extensively studied and proven to be a multifactorial process, mediated by quorum sensing. P. aeruginosa possess two quorum sensing systems, las and rhl that facilitate cell to cell communication through production of signalling molecules termed autoinducers to target specific receptors for activation. P. aeruginosa is intrinsically resistant to various antibiotics due to a low permeability in the outer membrane, which acts as a selective barrier. However, this bacterium is a highly diverse pathogen that is capable of adaptation to the surrounding environment. When subjected to antibiotic selective pressure, the induced response facilitates bacterial survival and develops antibiotic resistance. literature suggests that the large genome size and genome complexity are responsible for the ability of this bacterium to adapt and thrive in a diverse range of environments. The presence and persistence of these bacteria in environmental waters may pose a great risk to the public health and requires further work to fully characterize and quantify the input of MDR P. aeruginosa strains from the hospitals compared with those originating from the general community or other wastewater related sources. Manuscript profile
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        186 - The study of Iranian food contact plastic wrap contamination with bacteria causing food-borne disease
        Hajieh Ghasemian Safaei Nasrin Mirzaei Ahmand Reza Bahrami Bayan Saeidi Ebrahim Rahimi
        The use of plastic wrap for foodstuff is very common in the world. Plastic wrap is impermeable to air, oils, greases, and more importantly, bacteria which makes it useful for food packaging. Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus are of important pathogens and the mo More
        The use of plastic wrap for foodstuff is very common in the world. Plastic wrap is impermeable to air, oils, greases, and more importantly, bacteria which makes it useful for food packaging. Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus are of important pathogens and the most common cause of food-borne disease.Ten Iranian plastic wraps with different brands were chosen and identification was done by biochemical test and serial dilution methods. After microorganism identification, selective and differential medium cultures were used to confirm bacteria. Among ten Iranian plastic wrap; seven samples were devoid of any contamination, while two samples had Bacillus cereus contamination and one plastic wrap sample had Staphylococcus aureus contamination. According to the result of serial dilution, 1.6X104 CFU and 2.1X102 CFU Bacillus cereus and 1.7X101 CFU Staphylococcus aureus was counted. Acceptable microbial limits for Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus per gram of plastic wrap need to be established by international organizations for standardization. Besides, the presence of Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus on plastic wrap surface and related disease in food contact plastic wrap needs to have a continuous investigation. Manuscript profile
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        187 - Comparison of antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in Enterococcus faecalis isolates isolated from animal and human sources
        Mahmoud Shahveh Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan Momtaz Reza Ranjbar
        Enterococci are an important and diverse group of bacteria that are known to be resistant to most antibiotics used to treat diseases. In this cross-sectional study, 104 samples of red meat and 1000 urine samples suspected of urinary tract infection in the border city of More
        Enterococci are an important and diverse group of bacteria that are known to be resistant to most antibiotics used to treat diseases. In this cross-sectional study, 104 samples of red meat and 1000 urine samples suspected of urinary tract infection in the border city of Kermanshah were examined for Enterococcus faecalis. First, the samples were approved by biochemical and molecular methods, then in order to evaluate their ability to produce biofilm, Microtiter Plate method was used and their sensitivity to antibiotics was also determined by Kirby-Bayer method. Enterococcus faecalis infection in human samples and red meat samples was reported to be 5% and 40.38% respectively. In the strains isolated from red meat samples, the highest resistance was reported to be to Streptomycin while the lowest resistance was to Vancomycin. In the human isolate samples, the highest resistance was reported to be to Co-trimoxazole ,while the lowest resistance was to Nitrofurantoin . In strains isolated from red meat, ebp A, ebp B and ebp C were reported to be 71.43%, 59.52% and 64.28% respectively. No statistically significant relationship was observed between biofilm production and ebp genes in these isolates. However, in strains isolated from urine, a significant relationship was detected between ebp genes and biofilm production. Similarly, it was reported that there was no statistically significant relationship between the meat type and the virulence gene type. But, the findings of the study showed a significant relationship between the frequency of efa A, gel E, ace and esp genes. Manuscript profile
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        188 - بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام و سه فراکشن Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss علیه 5 سویه استاندارد میکروبی و سویه های بالینی اشریشیاکلی
        تینا ذبیحی نیک مژده حاکمی-والا فاطمه باقری بجستانی
        10.18869/JHD.2017.15
        مقدمه و هدف:Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss &nbsp;متعلق به خانوادهAsteraceae &nbsp;بوده و یکی از گیاهان بومی ایران است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام متانولی و سه فراکسیون حاصل از بخش هوایی گلدار Platychaete aicheri بر روی تعدادی باکتری گرم مثبت More
        مقدمه و هدف:Platychaeteaucheri (Boiss.) Boiss &nbsp;متعلق به خانوادهAsteraceae &nbsp;بوده و یکی از گیاهان بومی ایران است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی خاصیت ضد میکروبی عصاره تام متانولی و سه فراکسیون حاصل از بخش هوایی گلدار Platychaete aicheri بر روی تعدادی باکتری گرم مثبت و گرم منفی استاندارد، مخمر کاندیدا آلبیکنس و همچنین نمونه‌های بالینی اشریشیاکلی جدا شده از عفونت ادراری و زخم سوختگی است.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; روش تحقیق: عصاره تام متانولی Platychaeteaucheri با روش خیساندن تهیه شد. سپس فراکسیون‌های کلروفرمی، اتردوپترولی و آبی با استفاده از روش استخراج مایع-مایع بدست آمدند. اثر ضد‌میکروبی با روش‌های انتشار در چاهک و براث میکرودایلوشن و بر اساس پروتکل CLSI مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. سویه‌های استاندارد مورد بررسی شامل: اشریشیاکلی (1399 PTCC)، سودوموناس آﺋروژینوزا (1430 PTCC)، استافیلوکوکوس ارﺋوس (1431 PTCC)، باسیلوس سرﺋوس (1247 PTCC) و کاندیدا آلبیکنس (5027 PTCC) بودند. همچنین عصاره و فراکسیون‌ها بر روی سویه‌های اشریشیاکلی‌ بالینی که از نمونه ادرار بیماران بیمارستان امام خمینی تهران که در سال 2013 و زخم‌های سوختگی بیماران بیمارستان شهید مطهری تهران که در سال 2014 جدا شده بودند نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج و بحث: عصاره تام و فراکسیون‌های کلروفرمی و اتردوپترولی دارای خاصیت ضدمیکروبی متوسط بر روی سودوموناس آﺋروژینوزا و اشریشیاکلی استاندارد با محدوده MIC (mg/ml 42-35) بودند. دامنه MIC برای ایزوله‌های بالینی اشریشیاکلی در محدوده mg/ml 72-60 بود. فراکسیون آبی فعالیت ضدمیکروبی کمتری نسبت به عصاره تام و سایر فراکسیون‌ها بر روی نمونه‌های استاندارد و بالینی داشت. بر اساس یافته‌ها فراکسیون‌های اتردوپترولی و کلروفرمی اثر آنتی‌باکتریال بیشتری نسبت به عصاره تام متانولی و فراکسیون آبی داشتند. پیشنهاد‌های کاربردی و صنعتی: بر اساس نتایج در صورت عدم سمیّت در مطالعات آتی، این گیاه می‌تواند به عنوان یک منبع آنتی‌باکتریال طبیعی در محصولاتی جهت کمک به درمان عفونت‌های مجرای ادراری و سوختگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile
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        189 - .
        مریم اسمعلی پور سید عیسی هاشمی شاهدخت طوماری
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        190 - .
        سارا حسینی عطیه مشاهری فرد
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        191 - .
        nahid dehghani saeid hesampor
        Manuscript profile
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        192 - .
        naser naseri
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        193 - Comparision of Direct and Indirect Response to Selection for Breast Weight in Japanese Quail
        م. خالداری ح. قیاسی
        Manuscript profile
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        194 - .Representation ofchildish didactic teachingsin La Fonte’s Myths
        Khalil Beigzade Ata Almasi
        Didactic-ethical tenets are among the basic aims of great poets and writers.These teachings play an important role in the formation and establishment of correct didactic-ethical foundations in human societies. Jean de Fonte, one of the French classic writers of seventee More
        Didactic-ethical tenets are among the basic aims of great poets and writers.These teachings play an important role in the formation and establishment of correct didactic-ethical foundations in human societies. Jean de Fonte, one of the French classic writers of seventeenth-century, has not limited didactic literature to mere dictation and propagation of sermons and advices. He has tried to consider different didactic-ethical issues and evaluate them on the basis of addressee&rsquo;s characteristics, then represent in the form of myths what in his opinion is an obstacle in the way of social development for children. He believes that myth is compatible with the sensitive spirit of a child and makes didactic-ethical concepts which are mostly abstract, tangible for them. This study, by means of a descriptive-analytic approach, has been undertaken to delineate La Fonte&rsquo;s didactic-ethical thoughts in his collection of myths. The aimof the study is to tell the audience what are the didactic-ethical teachings in La Fonte&rsquo;s mythsas well as what is his approach in communicating those tenets. The findings say that La Fonte&rsquo;s didactic-ethical thoughts such as: knowledge-improving,encouraging to work hard and make efforts, deprecating flattery, leading to peace and amenity, and altruism have been expressed in the form of imaginary fables and parables and has provided new perspectives of these didactic-ethicals.In this way, he has succeeded to bridge a gap between the hard and practical social life of men and the dreamy and sweet world of children to improve and elevate human values. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        195 - Escherichia coli evaluation of Resistance of bacteria isolated from urinary tract infections city of Boroujerd broad-spectrum antibiotic and its relation to age, sex and region of this individual
        Hamzeh asadi Amir gharib Rohangez Eftekhari najme joodaki
        Introduction : Urinary tract infections are rarely dangerous killing disease is the most common of respiratory tract infection after infection. More than 85% of urinary tract infections in women by 90% the number of E.coilis reached. This study is the relationship with More
        Introduction : Urinary tract infections are rarely dangerous killing disease is the most common of respiratory tract infection after infection. More than 85% of urinary tract infections in women by 90% the number of E.coilis reached. This study is the relationship with gender diseases in the city of Boroujerd and by the resistance of separated for the usual antibiotics, the patients are referred to treatment centers. method : In this study, 50 samples of Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection After recording the data in the questionnaire, using standard biochemical methods to detect and was purified. results: Of the 50 patients, 42 patients (84%) of patients were female and 8 patients (16%) of them were male, and all samples (100%) were susceptible to tobramycin and the highest resistance with 26 samples (52%) related to nalidixic the acid were investigated. Discussion : Notable in this study was that most patients were female gender and youth in their teens and Boroujerd were related to 1 area.Due to the increased secretion of sex hormones and sugar ,.because low levels of in this age and health conditions in the region. Conclusion: Open culture and health, and solutions to prevent the spread of bacteria and excessive use antibiotics are necessary Manuscript profile
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        196 - Survey of Simultaneous Contamination with Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) and Respiratory Complex Disease in Broiler Chicken of Shoushtar and Bavi City
        mohammad Javad mahdavi Asl masaod soltanialvar Behnam Pedram
        Chicken infectious anemia virus, which causes aplastic anemia, extensive lymphoid tissue athtrophy, along with immunesuppresstion , provides the basis for secondary viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, and Transmitted vertically from the breeder flocks to the chicke More
        Chicken infectious anemia virus, which causes aplastic anemia, extensive lymphoid tissue athtrophy, along with immunesuppresstion , provides the basis for secondary viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, and Transmitted vertically from the breeder flocks to the chickens. The virus can cause severe Economic losses. In the present study, the simultaneous contamination with chickens infectious anemia virus (CIAV) and respiratory complexes diseases in broiler flocks of Shooshtar and Bavi cities was studied by hematocrit and pathology method. In this study During the 6 month period, the farms of poultry that showed symptoms of respiratory complex diseases were selected. Twenty flooks sampled for whole blood samples, thymus tissue, bursa fibersius, and bone marrow and tested for Hematocrit and histopathology. Results of hematocrit tests were normal in 95% of the flooks, while among the tested flooks, 50% of the tissue samples showed histopathological lesions associated with infection of the chickens infectious anemia virus. The results of the present study show that the simultaneous contamination rate with chickens infectious anemia virus and respiratory complexes diseases is high in 50% of the studied poultry population. Pathological results, indicates that infection rate of this virus is high in industrial broiler population of the region and causing economic losses. Manuscript profile
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        197 - کنترل آلودگی های درون شیشه ای Dionysia tapetodes به منظور ارائه روش بهینه ریزازدیادی این گیاه
        لیلا سمیعی Maedeh Aghdaei سعیدرضا وصال
        آلودگی&shy;های میکروبی درون شیشه&shy;ای، یکی از&nbsp; مهمترین مشکلات در فرایندکشت بافت گیاهان می&shy;باشند. تلاش&shy;های اولیه جهت ریزازدیادی Dionysia tapetodes که یک گیاه زیبای بالشتکی صخره&shy;ای در شمال شرق ایران می&shy;باشد، منجر به صد درصد آلودگی ریزنمونه&shy;ها گر More
        آلودگی&shy;های میکروبی درون شیشه&shy;ای، یکی از&nbsp; مهمترین مشکلات در فرایندکشت بافت گیاهان می&shy;باشند. تلاش&shy;های اولیه جهت ریزازدیادی Dionysia tapetodes که یک گیاه زیبای بالشتکی صخره&shy;ای در شمال شرق ایران می&shy;باشد، منجر به صد درصد آلودگی ریزنمونه&shy;ها گردید. از این رو مطالعه حاضر به منظور ارائه پروتکل مؤثر ضدعفونی سطحی ریزنمونه&shy;های گیاه دیونیزیا با استفاده از مواد ضدعفونی کننده مختلف&nbsp; مانند هیپوکلریت سدیم، اتانول و کلرید جیوه در غلظت&shy;ها و زمان&shy;های مختلف صورت گرفت. مؤثرترین روش ضدعفونی که منجر به دستیابی به 6/91 درصد ریزنمونه&shy;های سالم گردید با استفاده از کلرید جیوه&nbsp; با غلظت 1/0 درصد به مدت 4 دقیقه بدست آمد، البته این ماده در غلظت&shy;های بالاتر ( 2/0 درصد) برای بافت&shy;های گیاه حالت سمیت نشان داد و منجر به نکروزه شدن بافت ریزنمونه&shy;ها به میزان 66/41 &nbsp;درصد گردید. همچنین علی&shy;رغم اینکه هیپوکلریت سدیم به عنوان یک ماده ضدعفونی کننده عمومی در کشت بافت شناخته شده است، این ماده به اندازه کلرید جیوه در حذف آلودگی&shy;های میکروبی در ریزنمونه&shy;های گیاه دیونیزیا مؤثر نبود و استفاده از آن در غلظت 3 درصد و به مدت 15 دقیقه در فرایند ضدعفونی باعث بروز 75 درصد آلودگی میکروبی در ریزنمونه&shy;ها شد. در مجموع در مطالعه حاضر یک روش بهینه جهت ضدعفونی ریزنمونه های D. tapetodes و دسترسی به گیاهان عاری از بیماری این گیاه ارائه گردید که این امر می&shy;تواند فرایند ریزازدیادی گیاه دیونیزیا را در آینده تسهیل نماید. Manuscript profile
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        198 - بررسی تاثیر نمونه‌برداری فصلی، نوع محیط کشت، غلظت و نوع تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد گیاهی بر ریزازدیادی نسترن وحشی (Rosa canina L)
        مرتضی شیخ اسدی ندا غفاری تاری روح انگیز نادری رضا فتاحی
        نسترن وحشی (Rosa canina L) یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان زینتی و دارویی، به عنوان پایه برای اکثر رزهای زینتی از جمله رزهای هیبرید بکار می‌رود. رشد سریع همراه با صفات مطلوب و ایجاد گیاهان سالم و عاری از بیماری از نتایج اصلی تکثیر درون‌شیشه‌ای رز است. از اینرو این پژوهش به منظور More
        نسترن وحشی (Rosa canina L) یکی از مهم‌ترین گیاهان زینتی و دارویی، به عنوان پایه برای اکثر رزهای زینتی از جمله رزهای هیبرید بکار می‌رود. رشد سریع همراه با صفات مطلوب و ایجاد گیاهان سالم و عاری از بیماری از نتایج اصلی تکثیر درون‌شیشه‌ای رز است. از اینرو این پژوهش به منظور ارائه دستورالعمل ریزازدیادی این گیاه با استفاده از ریزنمونه‌های گره انجام شد. عوامل زیادی از جمله نوع، غلظت و حالت محیط کشت، فصل نمونه‌برداری، نوع و غلظت تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد در چندین آزمایش مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ضدعفونی ریزنمونه به طور قابل توجهی تحت تاثیر زمان غوطه‌وری در غلظت‌های مختلف هیپوکلریت سدیم و همچنین فصل نمونه‌برداری ریزنمونه قرار گرفت. ریزنمونه‌های برداشت شده در زمستان که با هیپوکلریت سدیم یک درصد تیمار شده بودند کمترین میزان آلودگی و بیشترین درصد زنده‌مانی را نشان دادند. درصد استقرار ریزنمونه تحت تأثیر محیط کشت و همچنین غلظت IBA و BAP قرار گرفت. بالاترین درصد استقرار ریزنمونه در محیط کشت MS دارای 0.3 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BAP و یا 0.4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر IBA بدست آمد. محیط کشت جامد MS با 0.5 میلی‌گرم در لیتر BAP تأثیر زیادی بر پرآوری داشت. نتایج آزمایش ثابت کرد که بیشترین درصد ریشه‌زایی در محیط کشت &frac12; MS&nbsp; با 2 میلی‌گرم در لیتر IBA به دست می‌آید. پس از سازگاری (با بیش از 80 درصد زنده‌مانی)، در نهایت گیاهان تولید شده به گلخانه منتقل شدند. با استفاده از یافته‌های حاضر، نسترن وحشی را می‌توان به سرعت به صورت تجاری برای اهداف اصلاحی و حفاظتی تکثیر نمود. Manuscript profile
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        199 - Synthesis and characterization of iron-phosphonate (Fe-DTPMP) nanoparticle and investigating their anti-bacterial activities
        سیده زهرا موسوی کیش بیژن ممبنی گوداژدر
        In this study, Organic-inorganic iron-phosphonate nano-catalyst was prepared by using Iron (&Iota;&Iota;) chloride with a basic solution of diethylene triamine-penta (methylene phosphonate). The size of nanoparticles was controlled by cetyl tri-methyel ammonium bromide More
        In this study, Organic-inorganic iron-phosphonate nano-catalyst was prepared by using Iron (&Iota;&Iota;) chloride with a basic solution of diethylene triamine-penta (methylene phosphonate). The size of nanoparticles was controlled by cetyl tri-methyel ammonium bromide (CTAB) as a surfactant. The structure of the synthesized Fe@DTPMP nanomaterials was fully characterized by using different methods such as FTIR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM analyze confirmed a hollow spherical micromorphology with well-defined porosity. In the presence of surfactant, the nanoparticles have a spherical structure and particle size of about 20-30 nm. The magnetization of synthesized nanoparticles in a field with a strength of 15KOe is about 5 emu/g. The TGA analysis demonstrates significant catalyst stability against heat, so that there is no specific failure at temperatures up to 300 &deg; C. The antibacterial test of this nanoparticle showed that these materials prevented the growth of the gram-negative and positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, colic Oshirshiyya). These nanoparticles created a halo 14-16 mm in diameter in their surroundings. Manuscript profile
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        200 - A review of polysulfone and polyethersulfone based mixed matrix nanofiltration membranes/carbon nanoparticles
        Nader Gholami Hossein Mahdavi
        Although the membrane technology has advantages such as the high capability of separation, flexibility of operation, efficiency, etc. compared to conventional methods, fouling is the main limitation for the further use of membrane technology, mainly because of the inher More
        Although the membrane technology has advantages such as the high capability of separation, flexibility of operation, efficiency, etc. compared to conventional methods, fouling is the main limitation for the further use of membrane technology, mainly because of the inherent hydrophobicity of membrane materials. To overcome this drawback, nanocomposite membranes are used. Among membrane processes, nanofiltration has applications in groundwater, surface water and wastewater treatment as well as pre-desalination operations. Since NF process is performed at a lower pressure, it is a much more energy efficient process. In this review, modification of polysulfone/polyatersulfone membranes is investigated with regards to anti-fouling performance. The mechanism of fouling reduction clearly shows that surface hydrophilicity improves at the polysulfone/polyatersulfone membranes, based on different membrane modification methods. In addition, the fabrication of nanocomposite membranes resulting from the participation of nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix mixed membrane, their properties and applications using organic fillers (such as graphene and carbon nanotubes) have been thoroughly studied.Furthermore, the characterization techniques applied for modified membranes have been discussed.This comprehensive study concludes with some recommendations for future research and development of NF membranes. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        201 - بررسی کاتالیست‌های سبز وسازگار با محیط زیست برای سنتز 1-آمیدوآلکیل 2-نفتول‌ها و 1-تیوآمیدوآلکیل 2-نفتول‌ها به عنوان ترکیب‌های فعال زیستی به صورت تک ظرفی
        آرش قربانی چقامارانی مریم حجامی آرزو رستمی گوهر آزادی
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        202 - *Corresponding author Email:Journal of Applied Research in Chemistry143JARCStudy of biological activity of sulfonamide-schiff bases compounds coating with zinc (II) and copper(II) micro oxides
        محمد یوسفی مژگان تحریری معصومه طباطبایی خیراله مهرانی محمود دهقانی اشکذری
        In this study, two sulfonamide &ndash; Schiff base compounds "N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide and 1,2-bis(2-hydrxy-3-methoxy-benzylidenehydrazine) (1) and N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonohydrazide and 1,2-bis( More
        In this study, two sulfonamide &ndash; Schiff base compounds "N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide and 1,2-bis(2-hydrxy-3-methoxy-benzylidenehydrazine) (1) and N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-4-nitrobenzenesulfonohydrazide and 1,2-bis(2-hydrxy-3-methoxy-benzylidenehydrazine) (2)" were synthesized by sulfonyl chloride and Schiff base compounds. Copper and zinc oxides were coated by synthesized compounds and were tested for antibacterial activity. All compounds were identified by NMR and FTIR spectra, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. Scanning Electron Microscope SEM was used for the morphology of micro metal oxides before and after coating with Sulfonamide-Schiff bases compounds. Accordingly, antibacterial activity of compounds against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Proteus mirabilis) were tested. It should be noted that both have high antimicrobial activities. The result of the study shows that the antibacterial activities of the synthesized sulfonamide-schiff bases against gram positive and gram negative bacteria decrease after coating on micro metal oxides. It is also worth mentioning that Ampicilin and Penicilin have been utilized as two standard medicines for investigating the antibacterial activities. Manuscript profile
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        203 - کلسیم فسفات‌های دوفازی هیدروکسی آپاتیت/ اکتاکلسیم فسفات برای کاربردهای مهندسی بافت سخت
        زهرا محمدی عبدالرضا شیخ مهدی مسگر فریبا رسولی محمد نوری
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        204 - تتراهیدروپیرانیل دار کردن الکل‌ها و فنل‌ها در شرایط بدون حلال با استفاده از سیلیکای SBA-15 نانوحفره عامل‌دار شده با پروپیل‌ سولفونیک ‌اسید به‌عنوان کاتالیست‌ قابل استفاده مجدد و سبز
        داریوش زارعی محمدعلی خلیل‌زاده
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        205 - سنتز و شناسایی مشتق سولفونامید جدید بر پایه کالیکس[4]آرن به عنوان میزبان مولکولی
        سعید تقوایی گنجعلی شیما مظفری
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        206 - سیلیکا فسفوسولفونیک اسید: کاتالیست حالت جامد برای سنتز موثر سه جزیی و تک ظرف 2، 4، 6-تری آریل پیریدین‌ها در شرایط بدون حلال
        آرش مرادزادگان علیرضا کیاست هادی عصاره
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        207 - Removal of cadmium ion from zinc oxide in rubber industries by chemically bonded chlorosulfonylcalix[4]arene to silica
        ashkan bagheri chenari manochehr mamaghani mandana saber tehrani mohammad nikpasand
        Zinc oxide is an important industrial material using in different industries, in particular rubber industries. This compound like the other industrial materials has amounts of impurities and then removal of those because of their undesirable influences on rubber compoun More
        Zinc oxide is an important industrial material using in different industries, in particular rubber industries. This compound like the other industrial materials has amounts of impurities and then removal of those because of their undesirable influences on rubber compounds curing and environment, is taken into consideration. In this study, chemically bonded chlorosulfonylcalix[4]arene to silica gel was synthesized by using the methods in literature reports, afterwards it was used as an absorbent to remove cadmium ions from zinc oxide solution. The adsorption of metal ions from aqueous solution was investigated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Sorption percentage and adsorption capacity were calculated by using the ions concentration in each level. The results showed that cadmium ions were removed from zinc oxide solution effectively by tetrachlorosulfonylcalix[4]arene-silica whilst silica gel without any reactive agent, could not remove the ions from the solution. Manuscript profile
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        208 - بررسی مقدار جذب کاتیون+Na به وسیله‌ی سامانه‌های ناهمگن جدید بر پایه‌ی کالیکس آرن‌های پایدار شده بر روی سطح سیلیکاژل
        ماندانا صابر تهرانی
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        209 - استفاده از میکرو استخراج مایع- مایع درون سرنگ برای پیش‌تغلیظ و استخراج نفتالن سولفونات‌ها از آب دریا و تعیین آن‌ها به روش طیف‌نورسنجی
        سید حسین هاشمی مسعود کیخوائی رقیه دهواری
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        210 - مطالعه‌ی رفتار جذبی کلروسولفونیل کالیکس [4] آرن تثبیت‌شده بر سیلیکاژل نسبت به برخی از مواد شیمیایی مورداستفاده در صنعت لاستیک‌سازی
        زهرا ثروتی سعید تقوایی گنجعلی ماندانا صابر تهرانی رضا زادمرد
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        211 - The Analysis of Characters and Mythological Concepts in Symphony of the Dead
        soheyla sheykhloo Hamidreza Ardestani rostami Ismail Azar
        10.30495/mmlq.2021.685319
        One of the components in Persian novels is the use of mythological-archetypal elements and themes. In the present article, by using a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to study the mythological components in&nbsp;Symphony of the Dead&nbsp;of Abbas More
        One of the components in Persian novels is the use of mythological-archetypal elements and themes. In the present article, by using a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to study the mythological components in&nbsp;Symphony of the Dead&nbsp;of Abbas Maroufi. The author has deliberately used myths which indicates his awareness of the myths and symbols of Iran and the world, and religious, national and ethnic culture. The main theme of the novel is murder and fratricide, and is nurtured by the myth of Abel and Cain, but Maroufi has used various myths that can be divided into three categories: the myths of&nbsp;Shahnameh&nbsp;(Siyāvash, Iraj, Bijan and Manijeh etc.), mythical animals (phoenix, crow, wolf, butterfly, fish) and mythological concepts (creation, dualism, catharsis, mandala,&nbsp;plant animism, etc.). These concepts cover a very wide range of topics, so in the present article, only the concepts that have been less addressed in other studies are considered. Manuscript profile
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        212 - Identification and community structure of macro-benthose in Gahar Lake (Lorestan Province)
        R. Mousavi Nadushan M.R. Fatemi N. Hasani
        Lake Gahar is located in southwest of Iran, in East Lorestan province and at 2350m above sea level. There is little information and few studies on limnology of this lake . This tectonic lake is known to have a unique macro- invertebrate fauna. In order to perform a comp More
        Lake Gahar is located in southwest of Iran, in East Lorestan province and at 2350m above sea level. There is little information and few studies on limnology of this lake . This tectonic lake is known to have a unique macro- invertebrate fauna. In order to perform a complete research on the zoo-benthic community of the lake, the present study was conducted during a period of seven months from April 2011 to December 2011 with the exception of 5 months during very cold seasons when the lake was covered by ice. The benthic assemblage was sampled monthly from 3 sites in profundal zone. In total 6 genera and species and 5 families were found &nbsp;from which 1 species is unique in Iran. In this research, the dominant species of the lake are Quistadrilus multisetasus , Stylodrilus&nbsp; herngianusof class Oligochaets and Pisidium casertanum of class Bivalvia. Their abundance&nbsp; percentage determined&nbsp; in respect of total distribution were %69, %13 and %6, respectively. The maximum abundance of total population of macro- benthos in Gahar lake was 11617.78&plusmn;4910.379 individual per square meter in May and the minimum was 1436.32&plusmn;671/87 individual per square meter in April. Manuscript profile
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        213 - Rapid diagnosis of infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) by real-time PCR on UL27 proprietary gene
        Samaneh Zahiriyeganeh Mohammad Sadegh Hashemzadeh Ehsan Zafari Mahdi Tat Mohammad Najarasl Bentolhoda Zahraei Ruhollah Dorostkar
        Background &amp; Objectives: Infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) is one of the major pathogens causing economic losses in poultry industry. Poultries are the only reservoir of the virus. By now there is no rapid, sensitive and accurate method for detection of thi More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Infectious Laryngo tracheitis virus (ILTV) is one of the major pathogens causing economic losses in poultry industry. Poultries are the only reservoir of the virus. By now there is no rapid, sensitive and accurate method for detection of this virus. This study was aimed to evaluate and introduce an accurate molecular method by using real-time PCR technique on UL27 proprietary gene of ILTV in order to fast diagnosis of the virus. Materials &amp; Methods: In this experimental study, after preparation of viral sample, the DNA was extracted from virus by using viral nucleic acids extraction kit. Thereafter, the existence of UL27 proprietary gene of the virus was evaluated at first by traditional PCR technique using specific primers and afterwards by real-time PCR technique using specific probe and primers. Results: Observation of expected 96 bp fragment in electrophoresis gel analysis confirmed the presence of UL27 proprietary gene in this viral samples and the results of real-time PCR assay evaluation were also positive in this samples. Conclusion: This study showed that the molecular method of real-time PCR is a suitable method for rapid and accurate diagnosis of&nbsp; ILTV by detection of UL27 proprietary gene. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        214 - Molecular identification of avian infectious bronchitis virus serotypes of broiler chicken in Gilan province
        Leila Asadpour
        Background &amp; Objectives: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the prototype of the family Coronaviridae, which is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis (IB). This disease is highly contagious, which causes massive damages to the poultry industry. This study a More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is the prototype of the family Coronaviridae, which is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis (IB). This disease is highly contagious, which causes massive damages to the poultry industry. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of IBV serotypes of broiler chicken in Gilan Province. Materials &amp; Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on trachea and lung tissue samples collected from 50 broiler chicken flocks in Gilan province. First, the IBV positive samples were identified by RT-PCR. Thereafter, The serotypes of these isolates was determined by Nested-PCR reaction specified for Massachusetts and B/793 serotypes. Results: Overall 32 out of 50 (64%) poultry chicken flocks were infected to IBV. Specific nested PCR on IBV positive RT-PCR products revealed that 10 (31.25%) of IBV positive samples were infected by 793/B type and 22 (68.75) were identified as Massachusetts type. Conclusion: Massachusetts type vaccines such as H120 are only partially effective against other serotypes of virus. Because of the presence of 793/B type of virus in Gilan poultry farms, the addition of this strain in combination with Massachusetts strain seems necessary to stimulate better protective immunity. Manuscript profile
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        215 - Frequency of papaA, papC genes and antimicrobial resistance pattern in uropathogenic Escherichia coli
        Maryam Ghalandari Shamami Mohsen Mirzaee Shahin Najar-peerayeh
        Background &amp; Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in humans. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are one of the etiologic reason for UTIs. The purpose of this study is evaluation of bacterial resistance to commonly used More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection in humans. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are one of the etiologic reason for UTIs. The purpose of this study is evaluation of bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics and the prevalence of papaA and papC genes among uropathogenic E. coli. Materials &amp; Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 150 isolates E. coli collected from patients with UTIs referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Boroujerd. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for all isolates against 13 antibiotics according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Then, prevalence of papA and papC genes was examined by PCR method. Results: The highest and lowest rates of antibiotic resistance belonged to&nbsp; ampicillin 127 (84.7%) and nitrofurantoin (3.5%). Also, the prevalence of papA and papC genes was 32 (21.3%) and 72 (48%), respectively. Conclusion: These results shows increases in the antibiotic resistance in pathogen E. coli and high levels of pap operon in these strains. Based on these results, further investigations on the bacterial virulence and the antimicrobial resistance patterns can improve the treatment of urinary infections. Manuscript profile
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        216 - Genotyping of Pseudomonas aeroginusa isolated from hospital infections
        Gholamreza Banisharif Hassan Momtaz
        Background &amp; Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common&nbsp; opportunist&nbsp; pathogen&nbsp; in hospitals and the etiologic agent of&nbsp;&nbsp; the majority of infections in human beings. This study aimed to genotyping of P. aeruginosa isolated from hospital More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common&nbsp; opportunist&nbsp; pathogen&nbsp; in hospitals and the etiologic agent of&nbsp;&nbsp; the majority of infections in human beings. This study aimed to genotyping of P. aeruginosa isolated from hospital infections. Materials &amp;&nbsp; Methods: This&nbsp; cross-sectional study was&nbsp; performed&nbsp; on 18&nbsp; isolates&nbsp; of&nbsp;&nbsp;P. aeruginosa&nbsp; isolated&nbsp; from hospitalized&nbsp; patients in Shahrekord hospitals. We applied three different methods, RAPD-PCR, Rep-PCR and ERIC-PCR for genotyping of the isolates. Results: Based on RAPD-PCR method, overall 86 different bands of DNA with a range of 300 to 1000 bps were obtained from the under study isolates and among them, 74 bands were polymorphic. Analysis of&nbsp;P. aeruginosa isolates based on ERIC-PCR produced 98 bands with a range of 150-8000 bps. Overall 16 genomic profile with 30 to 86% and for a few strains, 100% similarities were produced based on Rep-PCR. Conclusion: Overall, all isolates showed polymorphic band patterns and no monochromic band was observed for the isolates. The presence of polymorphic band patterns in these techniques&nbsp; shows high rates of polymorphism in the genome&nbsp; of P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, the techniques used in this study are reliable approaches for genotyping of&nbsp;P. aeruginosa. Manuscript profile
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        217 - Molecular typing of the Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from blood infections using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST)
        Zohreh Mohammadi Hassan Momtaz
        Background &amp; Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is widely distributed in nature and considered as one of the important causes of hospital infections. The present study was conducted to genotype Acinetobacter baumannii strains i More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that is widely distributed in nature and considered as one of the important causes of hospital infections. The present study was conducted to genotype Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from blood infections using Multi Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) method. Materials &amp; Methods: A total of 36 Acinetobacter baumannii strains were isolated from blood infection samples collected from Baqiatalah and Payambaran hospitals, Tehran, Iran. The PCR products obtained from amplification of seven housekeeping genes were sequenced. The nucleotide sequences of each gene in each isolate were queried against the reference sequence in the MLST database. In addition to characterization of the alleles specific to each gene, thesequence types (ST) of all isolates were determined. Results: A total of 5 clones including ST25, ST136, ST307, ST327, and ST328 were identified in 36 isolates. ST of 2 isolates were not identified in MLST database. The identified STs were placed into 5 genetic clusters including A, B, C, D, and E. Conclusion: Identifying an acceptable level of genetic diversity among the isolates using MLST technique shows that this method is useful for studying and typing of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. Therefore, it is possible to cluster isolates with diverse origins in different groups. Manuscript profile
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        218 - The effect of probiotic lactobacilli on the attachment power and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections
        Soudeh Bandari Nazila Arbab Soleimani Elahe Tajbakhsh
        Background &amp; Objectives: Scientists are of the conviction that probiotic bacteria can ameliorate urinary tract infection by inhibiting colonization, attachment, and growth of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-adhesi More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Scientists are of the conviction that probiotic bacteria can ameliorate urinary tract infection by inhibiting colonization, attachment, and growth of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The aim of this research was to investigate the anti-adhesive effect of two probiotic Lactobacilli including Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei on uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC).Materials &amp; Methods: In research in 1395, 35 urinary tract infection (UTI) samples were collected from one hospital in Tehran and based on biochemical analysis 27 UPEC samples were identified. The ability of biofilm-formation and the presence of genes (papG and fimH) involved in biofilm- formation was investigated by microtiter plate and PCR methods, respectively. Co-aggregation and anti-adhesive effects of two probiotic lactobacilli including L. plantarum and L. casei against UPEC were studied by co-aggregation and microtiter plate method, respectively.Results: Among 27 isolates, 77%, 15%, and 5% showed strong, mediate and the weak ability of biofilm-formation, respectively, and 3% had no ability. Among 15 UPEC which had a strong biofilm-formation ability, 13 (86%) and 15 (100%) had papG and FimH genes, respectively. The average of co-aggregation between L. planetarium and&nbsp; L. casei&nbsp; with UPEC was gained&nbsp; 49.13% and 46.25%, respectively. The mean anti-adhesive effect of L. plantarium and&nbsp; L. casei&nbsp; against pathogenic bacterium was 62% and 58%, respectively.Conclusion: Further studies on the anti-adhesive effect of probiotic lactobacilli are suggested to prevent UPEC prevalence. Manuscript profile
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        219 - Coagulase gene polymorphism of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical respiratory system infections in Shahrekord
        Maryam Raesi Elahe Tajbakhsh Hassan Momtaz
        Background &amp; Objectives: Respiratory system infections is a common infectious disease and is an acute inflammation of the upper respiratory system caused by several bacterial infections including Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study was to investigate the co More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Respiratory system infections is a common infectious disease and is an acute inflammation of the upper respiratory system caused by several bacterial infections including Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study was to investigate the coagulase gene polymorphism of S. aureus isolated from clinical respiratory system infections samples in Shahrekord of Iran. Material &amp; Methods: This study was conducted by a sectional-descriptive study on 200 persons suspected to the upper respiratory system infections who referred to Imam Ali clinic in Shahrekord. After growth of microorganisms on blood agar and manitol salt agar, the suspected colonies were identified by microbiological testing. Next, DNA samples were prepared and the products of PCR reactions were enzymatically digested and genes were genotyped using RFLP. Results: Overall, 60 patients (30%) were infected to S. aureus. Among them 42 isolates showed a 970 bp fragments and 18 isolates showed a 730bp fragments. After enzymatic digestion with AluI, 42 specimens contained three bands: 320, 490, and 160 bp (genotype I), while 16 specimens contained two bands: 490 and 240 bp (genotype VIII) and 2 specimens contained two bands: 410 and 320 bp (genotype IX). Conclusion: The results obtained from present study showed that coagulase-positive S. aureus strains isolated from respiratory system infections in Shahrekord belonged mostly to genotype type I, which can be considered as a potential source for the release of the genotypes in the population. Manuscript profile
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        220 - Increased levels of Receptor for Advanced Glycation Products (RAGE) gene expression by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in septicemia patients
        Fatemehsadat Hosseini Ashraf Kariminik Elham Nasiri
        Background &amp; Objectives: Identifying the bacteria causing the infection and interacting with the immune system is too essential. RAGE is a receptor, which recognizes several endogenous and exogenous molecules and CXCL11 participates in the induction of appropriate i More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Identifying the bacteria causing the infection and interacting with the immune system is too essential. RAGE is a receptor, which recognizes several endogenous and exogenous molecules and CXCL11 participates in the induction of appropriate immune responses against microbes. The aim of the study was expression of the molecules in the patients suffering from septicemia versus healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, the expression levels of RAGE and CXCL11 in 40 patients with septicemia and 40 healthy subjects, were evaluated using Real time-PCR technique. Diagnosis of septicemia was performed by blood culture and bacterial biochemical tests. Results: RAGE mRNA levels were significantly increased in patients infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter bamanii. However, no significant increase in CXCL11 expression level was observed in patients and healthy controls and also in comparison with bacteria causing infection. Conclusion: Results showed that RAGE is a critical receptor against Pseudomonas aeruginosa during septicemia, Therefore, methods to reduce the expression of RAGE molecules can play a practical role in cleansing the blood from this bacterium. Manuscript profile
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        221 - High resolution melting (HRM) curve analysis for rapidly and accurate determination of Salmonella spp. with invA gene
        hasan Nili seyed ali ghorashi Habibollah Dadras mohammad Sadegh Saeiabadi
        Background &amp; Objectives: Salmonellosis is an infectious and common disease between humans and animals that is caused by different strains of Salmonella. Progress in molecular diagnostic methods, has led to accurate and easy detection and characterization of food mic More
        Background &amp; Objectives: Salmonellosis is an infectious and common disease between humans and animals that is caused by different strains of Salmonella. Progress in molecular diagnostic methods, has led to accurate and easy detection and characterization of food microbial agent. The purpose of this research was to use HRM technique to access more accurate and rapid diagnosis of Salmonella bacteria by means of invA gene. Material &amp; Methods: In this study, diagnosis of Salmonella was done by polymerase chain reaction and high resolution melting curve ( PCR-HRM) using the sequence on invasion A gene (invA) as a marker.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;In total 9 Salmonella reference strains using a specific primer pair of genes invA were used to detect Salmonella. &nbsp; Results: The expected size of PCR amplified fragments of invA gene was determined as 284bp. All tested strains were able to show a Salmonella specific melting curve with high resolution at thermal interval of 87.8-87.9&deg;C. Conclusion: The results showed that HRM using specific primers of invA gene can be used as an accurate and reliable technique for diagnosis Genus of Salmonella. Manuscript profile
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        222 - Frequency of cas genes in the CRISPR/Cas system in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infection
        Neda Merikhi Jamileh Nowroozi ali nazemi Mehrdad Hashemi Robab Rafiei Tabatabaei
        10.30495/jmw.2022.1934160.1987
        Background &amp; Objectives: CRISPR&nbsp; system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and Cas portions is a part of the immune system in microorganisms. The cas genes could be involved in reducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The aim of the More
        Background &amp; Objectives: CRISPR&nbsp; system (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) and Cas portions is a part of the immune system in microorganisms. The cas genes could be involved in reducing antibiotic resistance in bacteria. The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of cas genes of the CRISPR/Cas system in Extended Spectrum &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from urine culture of patients with urinary tract infection. Materials &amp; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 437 positive urine culture samples were collected from Chalus hospitals. Escherichia coli strains were isolated based on standard biochemical tests and Enterobacteriaceae commercial diagnostic kit, as well as antibiotic sensitivity using disc diffusion method (Kerby Baer). Combined disk test was conducted for isolates that were resistant to at least one of the third-generation cephalosporins in the foregoing antibiotic susceptibility test. Molecular identification of cas1,cas2,cas3,cas7 and cas5 genes was performed using the PCR method. Results: Out of 437 urin culture samples, 106 samples (24.3%) had E.coli infection. The highest antibiotic resistance was associated with ampicillin (99%). Among the resistant isolates, thirty isolates (88.3%) were ESBL producing. cas1 gene had the highest frequency (96.2%) and other cas genes had almost the same frequency. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that a significant percentage of E. coli isolates had ESBL phenotype, which may be due to the presence of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in these samples. Besides,&nbsp; it was shown that there is no relationship between the presence of ESBL phenotype and the distribution of cas genes. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        223 - The prevalence of genes encoding Leukocidins in both methicillin resistant and methicillin sensitive strains of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from burn patients in Taleghani hospital, Ahvaz
        Hajar Hoveizavi Azar Dokht Khosravi Zahra Farshadzadeh
        Bakground and Objective: Various strains of Staphylococcus aureus produce different bi-component toxins such as LUKE/D and PVL. This strains of S.aureus strains are associated with severe skin diseases, fatal pneumonia and osteomyelitis with high morbidity and mortality More
        Bakground and Objective: Various strains of Staphylococcus aureus produce different bi-component toxins such as LUKE/D and PVL. This strains of S.aureus strains are associated with severe skin diseases, fatal pneumonia and osteomyelitis with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of genes encoding Leukocidins in Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant and sensitive to methicillin isolated from burn patients in, Ahvaz. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on scar specimens of 203 burn patients hospitalized in Taleghani hospital. All samples were evaluated by traditional culture method and standard biochemical tests for detecting of S. aureus strains. After extracting DNA, mecA, PVL and LUKE/D genes were detected by using the polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). Results: S. aureus strains were isolated from 95 cases out of total studied samples (46.8%), betwwn them 83 strains (87.36%) were mecA positive. The prevalence of PVL and LUKE/D genes in MRSA strains were 7.23% and 66.26% respectively, while this prevalence were 33.3% for both genes in MSSA strains. Conclusion: Regarding to the high frequency of PVL and LUKE/D genes in MRSA strains, also to severe and lethal diseases caused by these bacteria, early diagnosis and proper treatment must be considered for the prevention of disease progress. Manuscript profile
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        224 - Study of Opportunistic Infections in Diabet Mellitus patients in Islamic Azad University Hospitals
        Mohammad Karim Rahimi Saeed Zaker Bostanabad Talieh Hashemizonooz Mohammad Bossak Parvaneh Adimi Mozhghan Masoumi Zahra Tayebi
        Background and Objective: Diabet mellitus is a chronic disease. In this disorder, due to abnormal glucose metabolism, direct and indirect complications in many organ systems, including ocular, cardio-vascular, vernal, and cerebral and suppression of immune system have b More
        Background and Objective: Diabet mellitus is a chronic disease. In this disorder, due to abnormal glucose metabolism, direct and indirect complications in many organ systems, including ocular, cardio-vascular, vernal, and cerebral and suppression of immune system have been occurred. Decreasing of both cellular and humoral immune system is a important factor for opportunistic infections. Prevention and control of these infections and recognize of their frequency and risk factor is very important. Material and Methods: In this study, 118 diabetic patients that admitted in Islamic Azad University hospitals were included. Chief complaint of every patient, important finding in clinical examinations and results of microbial culturing from opportunistic infections had been analyzed. Result: From 118 patients, 65 cases (55%) were female and 53 cases (45%) were male. Mean age of patients was 59.6 &plusmn; 11.7 years old and mean duration time of disease was 13.6 &plusmn; 7.8 years. Thirty one cases (26.1%) infected by opportunistic bacterial. From patient's samples (in microbial culturing), 12 cases (38.5%0 Escherichia coli, 9 cases (29%) fungal pathogens, 5 cases (16.3%0 staphylococcus aurous and 5 cases (16.3%0 Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated. Conclusion: Because of high frequency of infections in diabetic patients, using of preventing methods is important. On the other hand, diagnostic and treatment of these infections prevent from their complications. Manuscript profile
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        225 - Evaluation of Relationship between Phylogenetic Typing and Antibiotic Resistance of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
        Zahra Etebarzadeh Mojgan Oshaghi Noor Amir Mozafari
        Background and Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is counted as the predominant cause of urinary tract infection in 80-90% of patients. Due to increase in the rate of antibiotic u More
        Background and Objective: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common infectious diseases. Nowadays, Escherichia coli (E. coli) is counted as the predominant cause of urinary tract infection in 80-90% of patients. Due to increase in the rate of antibiotic usage and subsequent drug resistance, this study was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern of E. coli isolated from patients with suspected urinary tract infection and phylogenetic grouping of these strains. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 600 samples of suspected urinary tract infection from Hasheminejad super specialty kidney hospital. To isolate E. coli strains, all samples were examined with biochemical and microbial tests. Then using the standard disc diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer), drug susceptibility test was performed on 8 different antibiotics. Multiplex PCR technique and specific primers of chuA, yjaA genes and TSPE4.C2 fragment were used for phylogenetic grouping of the isolated E. coli strains. Results: In this study the highest rates of resistance to antibiotics were seen against ampicillin (83.83%) and nalidixic acid (71.42%). Also, the lowest rates of resistance were reported against nitrofurantoin (3.12%) and ceftizoxime (11.22%). Based on phylogenetic studies, 65%, 19% and 16% of the isolated strains belonged to group B2, group D and group A, respectively. Also, the majority of antibiotic resistant strains and multi-drug resistant strains belonged to the phylogenetic group B2. Conclusion: As same as other reports around the world, most of the E. coli strains isolated from this region belonged to phylogenetic group B2. Manuscript profile
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        226 - Frequence of ESBLs and Antibiotic Resistant Pattern in to E.coli and K.pneumoniae Strains Isolated of Hospitalized and Out patients Acquired Urinary Tract Infection (Esfahan/2008-2009)
        Shilla Jalalpoor Sina Mobasherizadeh
        Introduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in pa More
        Introduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in patients. The best manner for control of ESBLs in bacteria, are inhibition of spread these bacteria and use of standard method for recognizes ESBLs producer strains. Subject of this study was comparison frequency of ESBLs in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strain in UTI acquired patients with phenotypic test. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional search was performed in Azzahra and Shariaty hospitals during of 2008-2009 years in Esfahan, according to statistical formula randomly selected 91 samples from urinary infections. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods, ESBLs production was performed with screening and confirmatory test and survey antibiotics resistant pattern was performed with Kirby method. Results: Frequence of ESBLs in E.coli and K.pneumoniae strains was respectively 47.97% and 41.66% .According to antibiogram result respectively 59.2%, 54.9%, 30.3%, 27.8%, 19.5% and 16.7% of E.coli strains were resistant into Co-Trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime and Nitrofurantoin and respectively 75%, 50%, 40%, 44.5%,37.5%, 37.5%, 22.3% and 0% of K.pneumoniae strains were resistant into Ampicillin, Co-Trimoxazole, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Amikacin, Cephotaxime, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The result showed high frequence of ESBLs, so&nbsp; antibiotic resistant in isolated bacteria from hospitalized into out patience's that represent high spread&nbsp; antibiotic resistant strains in hospitals. Manuscript profile
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        227 - Suspension culture of Neospora caninum using lymphocyte transformed by Theileria lestoquardi
        Shamsi Ezhdahakosh pour Mohammad Mehdi Namavari Nahid Naghshgar Abdollah Rahimian Maryam Mansoorian Masoume Hayati
        Background and Objectives: Neospora caninum is one of main etiologic factors of abortion in &nbsp;in cattle. The mass production of protozoa in laboratory conditions is performed based on growing in different cell lines. Since using suspension cell lines are very cost e More
        Background and Objectives: Neospora caninum is one of main etiologic factors of abortion in &nbsp;in cattle. The mass production of protozoa in laboratory conditions is performed based on growing in different cell lines. Since using suspension cell lines are very cost effective for mass production of biological products, this study aimed to evaluate the suspension cell culturing for production of this protozoan. Materials and Methods: This study was experimentally performed bases on growth of N. caninum tachyzoites on Ka6 cell line (a cell line obtained from cattle infected with Theileria lestoquardi, Razi Institute, Shiraz, Iran. Next, based on MTT assay, ability of this cell culture for production of&nbsp; N. caninum was compared with&nbsp; Vero cell as the best current cell line for this purpose. Results: The results showed that N. caninum tachyzoites could enter into K6a cell lines and after replication released from the cells successfully. Replication of the tachyzoites was significant in both Vero and K6a cell lines in compare to the control. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first and successful report of suspension culture of N. caninum tachyzoites. Although, the rate of N. caninum proliferation on Ka6 cell line did not show any significant difference in compare to Vero cell line, since Ka6 cell line is a transformed lymphocytic cell and it is possible to grow massively this cell line as suspension bioreactors, it is preferred to Vero cell line. Manuscript profile
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        228 - Survey Role and Important of Surfaces Structure and β–lactamase of Bacillus cereus in Drug Resistant
        Shilla Jalalpoor Hamid Abousaidi
        Background and Objectives: S-layer is a outer protein in bacteria and archaea which intensifies bacterial pathogenicity due to inhibiting antibiotic&rsquo;s entrance to cells. Because staffs and hospital surfaces have a major role in nosocomial infections, contaminating More
        Background and Objectives: S-layer is a outer protein in bacteria and archaea which intensifies bacterial pathogenicity due to inhibiting antibiotic&rsquo;s entrance to cells. Because staffs and hospital surfaces have a major role in nosocomial infections, contaminating this source with S-layer and &beta;&ndash;lactamase positive strains of B. cereus can lead to spread the antibiotic resistant nosocomial infections. In this study, in addition to determine the frequency of S-layer and &beta;&ndash;lactamase positive strains in hospital environment, their function in inhibition of antibiotic&rsquo;s entrance has been surveyed. &nbsp; Material and Methods: The descriptive research was performed on 274 samples isolated from Azzahra hospital and Isfahan University during 2005/2007. In order to preparation of samples, 16 hours bacterial culture in TSA (Tryptone Soya Agar) were used and then electrophoresis with 10X SDS-PAGE were performed. Antibiogram were performed with Kirby Bauer method and &beta;&ndash;lactamase production, with acidimetric method. Results: From 247 isolated bacteria, frequency of B. cereus strains was %9.49. Eleven sample (84/6%) from 13 isolated B. cereus of staff hand and 1 sample (7/7%) from 13 isolated B.cereus from hospital surfaces produce S-layer nano-structure. According to antibiogram result, non producer S-layer strains, in comparative S-layer producer strains, were more sensitive to antibiotics and all S-layer producer B.cereus strains, produce &beta;&ndash;lactamase. Conclusion: Result &nbsp;of this study show high prevalence S-layer and &beta;&ndash;lactamase producer B. cereus strains in hospital, that lead to increase antibiotic resistance nosocomial infection and is necessary go on to reduce transfer virulence agent and antibiotic resistant in pathogen bacteria. Manuscript profile
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        229 - The Assessment of Relationship between Excessive Weight Gain and Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women – Larestan- 1387-88
        Mehdi Ebadi Fatemeh Rahmanian
        Background and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessi More
        Background and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessive weight gain and UTI. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 200 of all pregnant women with UTI who referred to a governmental clinic in Larestan in 2009. All of them fulfill the questionnaires and then divided according to BMI of pregnant women .During third quarter of pregnancy (36-38 weeks of pregnancy), urine culture were followed. Results: The rate of excessive weight gaining in all pregnant women was 43%.The rate of UTI&nbsp; were 4%, 4%, 5%, 7% and 10%&nbsp; respectively in BMI of 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. UTI rate in excessive weight gain female were 12.5%, 11%, 16%, 12.5% and 12.5% respectively. Uti rate in BMI groups 27, 28 and 29 were 12.5%, 30% and 39% respectively. But UTI rate in BMI 30 and 31 were 50% and 60 % which is comparable with UTI rate of excessive weight gain. Also, results showed that UTI rate especially in female with higher BMI has significant relationship with increasing of pregnancy weight. Conclusion: The results showed that pregnancy weight gain can be considered as predictive. Manuscript profile
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        230 - Phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infection in Jahrom city, southern Iran
        Sara Asadi kavous Solhjoo Mohammad Kargar Abbas Ali Rezaeian
        Background and Objective: Escherichia coli is a causative agent of over 80% of urinary tract infections in all ages of the society. Strains of Escherichia coli are divided into four phylogenetic groups. Most of pathogenic extra-intestinal strains often belong to groups More
        Background and Objective: Escherichia coli is a causative agent of over 80% of urinary tract infections in all ages of the society. Strains of Escherichia coli are divided into four phylogenetic groups. Most of pathogenic extra-intestinal strains often belong to groups D and B2. This study aimed to define the phylogenetic groups of E. coli isolated from urinary tract infections in south of Iran. Material and Methods: This cross&ndash; sectional study was carried out on the patients with urinary tract infection who admitted to peymanieh hospital of Jahrom in 2010. Specific biochemical tests were used for identification of bacteria. The phylogenetic groups of E. coli strains were determined by the PCR method and using two specific primers yjaA ChuA and TspE4.C2. Results: Out of 60 identified E. coli, 78.34% were isolated from women while just 21.76% were isolated in men. The most common identified groups were classified as D (70%), A (23.3%) and B1 (6.7%), and none of the species belonged to the B2 group.&nbsp; Data analysis revealed no significant relationship between phylogentic groups with the variables age, sex, history of urinary tract infection, previous history of antibiotic use and hospitalization. Conclusion: The results showed that most of the E. coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections in this region belonged to phylogenetic group D. Also, the results obtained from this region was different from other area. Manuscript profile
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        231 - A Close Look at Abbas Maroufi’s Symphony of the Dead Based on Louis Althusser’s Theory of Ideology
        Fatemeh Edraki Hadi Dehghani Yazdeli
        Availability of different theories and literary schools makes it possible to study literary works from various view angels and based on different viewpoints. Studying the male character of Abbas Maroufi&rsquo;s roman Symphony of the Dead, based on Louis Althusser&rsquo; More
        Availability of different theories and literary schools makes it possible to study literary works from various view angels and based on different viewpoints. Studying the male character of Abbas Maroufi&rsquo;s roman Symphony of the Dead, based on Louis Althusser&rsquo;s Theory of Ideology, can provide us a new reading of it. Based on Althusser&rsquo;s aforementioned theory, the present article studies the matter of power and the way it is manifested, in Symphony of the Dead. In Iranian society, the most important base for manifestation of power is family, and patriarchy is its most tangible and clear example. In this study, we argue that Symphony of the Dead is a narration about power, started from the ancient times, continuously comes to the modern period. Our questions in this research are as follows: From the viewpoint of Althusser, what kind of influences theories have on the lives of people? What is the role of obeying the dominant ideologies, in reproduction of the society? And finally, what kind of confrontation do Abbas Maroufi&rsquo;s have with patriarchy? In this research, as the first step, we provide a summary of the story, then we review Althusser&rsquo;s Theory of Ideology, and finally study the story from an ideological viewpoint Manuscript profile
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        232 - A new narration of Booye Jooye Mouliaan
        Dorreh Dadjoo
        The parallel progress of poem and music at iran artistic field is an undeniable issue, but sometimes one of these artistic elements has carried heavier responsibility throughout history.at this research which delves into roodaki double art, in addition of inquiry and&nb More
        The parallel progress of poem and music at iran artistic field is an undeniable issue, but sometimes one of these artistic elements has carried heavier responsibility throughout history.at this research which delves into roodaki double art, in addition of inquiry and&nbsp; adaptation&nbsp; about similar cases and with respect to second story of majmaol navader (four articles) second book articles, analysis of&nbsp; nezami aruzi viewpoints about poetic influences of rudaki word has been done and in the meantime some evidence have been presented which&nbsp; are based on the fact that in despite of&nbsp; article author&nbsp; belief, effective element upon amir samani was roodaki music not his poem. Manuscript profile
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        233 - نگاهی به فرآیند مرگ و زندگی دوباره فونیکس
        الهام رحمانی مفرد
        Manuscript profile
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        234 - تعیین غلظت مناسب نمک طعام جهت ضدعفونی ماهیان کپور سرگنده (Aristichthys nobilis)،کپور معمولی(Cyprinus carpio) و کپور علفخوار(Ctenopharyngodon idella) به هنگام حمل و نقل
        هومن مکوندی زهرا محمدی مکوندی مژگان خدادادی
        Manuscript profile
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        235 - بررسی اثرات لوامیزول هیدروکلراید بر پاسخ ایمنی هومورال جوجه های گوشتی واکسینه شده علیه بیماری بورس عفونی
        ارژنگ مختارزاده مهدی رضائی
        10.30495/jbcvm.2023.1971516.1031
        بیماری بورس عفونی (IBD) به عنوان یکی از عوامل تضعیف کننده سیستم ایمنی است که خسارت اقتصادی شدید به &nbsp;صنعت طیور وارد می کند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثرات &nbsp;تحریکی و تقویتی لوامیزول هیدروکلراید بر سیستم ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی واکسینه شده بر علیه &nbsp;بیماری بورس More
        بیماری بورس عفونی (IBD) به عنوان یکی از عوامل تضعیف کننده سیستم ایمنی است که خسارت اقتصادی شدید به &nbsp;صنعت طیور وارد می کند. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی اثرات &nbsp;تحریکی و تقویتی لوامیزول هیدروکلراید بر سیستم ایمنی جوجه های گوشتی واکسینه شده بر علیه &nbsp;بیماری بورس عفونی می باشد. تعداد 108 قطعه جوجه یک روزه (Ross308) به سه گروه با در نظر گرفتن 18 جوجه در هر گروه، تقسیم شدند. گروه اول، لوامیزول هیدروکلراید خوراکی از روز اول تا پایان دوره پرورش و گروه دوم، لوامیزول هیدروکلراید خوراکی همزمان با واکسن بیماری بورس عفونی از روز 19 تا پایان دوره پرورش تجویز شد. گروه سوم (شاهد) هیچ دارویی مصرف نکردند. نمونه خون از هر گروه در روز 29 و 40 برای تست الایزا&nbsp; و درصد لنفوسیت‌های خون گرفته شد. نتایج آماری بیانگر تفاوت معنی داری تاثیر داروی لوامیزول هیدروکلراید در گروه اول و دوم در قیاس با گروه کنترل بود (0/05&lt;P). وزن بورس کلواکی و طحال در گروه های مورد مطالعه نسبت به گروه کنترل در پایان دوره افزایش یافت. با توجه به نتایج، می توان نتیجه گرفت که لوامیزول هیدروکلراید می تواند اثر ایمنی واکسن IBD را تقویت کند. Manuscript profile
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        236 - Faunestic study of Thysanoptera on wheat in Marvdasht, Fars Province
        N. Saghaei A. Roushanshad
        During 2005, a faunestic study was carried out to identify the thrips of wheat in Marvdasht, Fars Province. A total of 13 species belonging to 6 genera and 3 families of Thysanoptera were identified. After making microscopic slides gathered samples were recognized by kn More
        During 2005, a faunestic study was carried out to identify the thrips of wheat in Marvdasht, Fars Province. A total of 13 species belonging to 6 genera and 3 families of Thysanoptera were identified. After making microscopic slides gathered samples were recognized by known keys. Thrips species are listed as follows: Terebrantia,Thripidae,Thripinae Chirothrips manicatus Haliday, 1836 Frankliniella pallida (Uzel, 1895) F. occidentalis (Pergande, 1895) Odontothrips confusus Priesner, 1926 Thrips meridionalis (Priesner, 1926) T. tabaci Lindeman, 1889 T. vuilleti (Bagnall, 1933) &nbsp; Terebrantia, Melanthripidae Melanthrips fuscus (Sulzer, 1776) &nbsp; Tubulifera, Phlaeothripidae, Phlaeothripinae Haplothrips (Haplothrips) cerealis Priesner, 1939 H. (Haplothrips) iraniensis Priesner, 1954 H. (Haplothrips) knechteli Priesner, 1923 H. (Haplothrips) reuteri (Karny, 1907) H. (Haplothrips) tritici (Kurdjumov, 1912) The richest species was related to Haplothrips genera and H. reuteri has the most quantity between gathered samples. The identified species were confirmed by Dr. R. zur Strassen from Frankfurt Museum, Germany. All species are new records from Marvdasht. Manuscript profile
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        237 - Faunistic study of Ladybird (Col.: Coccinellidae) in Lorestan province and report of new records in Iran
        R. Jafari K. Kamali
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In this study species diversity of Coccinellids (Col. Coccinellidae) was studied in Lorestan province during 2001-2005. Altogether 28 species from 14 genera, 7 tribe and 4 subfamilies were collected and identified. External characters plus chara More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In this study species diversity of Coccinellids (Col. Coccinellidae) was studied in Lorestan province during 2001-2005. Altogether 28 species from 14 genera, 7 tribe and 4 subfamilies were collected and identified. External characters plus characteristics of the male and female genitalia were used in order to diagnose species. Among Coccinellid species collected, two species were new records in Iran. The scientific names of the species according to their subfamilies and tribes are as follows. Species marked with * and ** are considered as new records in Lorestan province and Iran respectively. Some species were identified or confirmed by Dr. Helmut Fursch in Germany. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1- Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus 1758&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 15- E. gebleri&nbsp; Weise 1878 * 2- Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) 1777&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 16- E. undulates&nbsp; Weise 1878 *&nbsp;&nbsp; 3- Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus) 1758 *&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 17- Platynaspis luteorubra (Goeze) 1777 * 4- O. oncina (Olivier) 1808&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 18- Scymnus apetzi Mulsant 1847 * 5- Adalia bipunctata (Linnaeus) 1758 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 19- S. pallipes Mulsant&nbsp; 1850 * 6- A.&nbsp; decimpunctata (Linnaeus) 1758&nbsp; *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 20- S. pallipediformis Gunther 1958 * 7- Aphidecta obliterata (Linnaeus) 1758 **&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 21- S. frontalis (Fabricius) 1787 * 8- Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus) 1758 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 22- S. apetzoides Capra &amp; Fursh 1967* 9- Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata (Linnaeus)&nbsp; 1758 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 23- S. subvillosus (Goeze) 1777 * 10- Chilocorus bipustulatus Linnaeus 1758&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 24- S. syriacus (Marseul) 1868&nbsp; 11- Exochomus melanocephalus Zoubkoff&nbsp; 1833 *&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 25- S. mediterraneus Khnzorian 1977 ** 12- E. nigromaculatus (Goeze) 1777 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 26- S. araraticus Khnzorian 1977 * 13- E. quadripustulatus Linnaeus&nbsp; 1758 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 27- Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant&nbsp;&nbsp; 1851* 14- E. pubescens Kuster 1848 *&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 28- Pharoscymnus ovoideus Sicard 1759* Manuscript profile
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        238 - The Study of the Fishes Fauna in Bidoaz River of Esfarayen
        زهرا سلطانی احمد قارزی اتابک روحی
        In this research, the fishes fauna of Bidoaz River was studied. This river is a permanent water source which flows in Northern Khorasan province. The total water-shed of this river covers an area of about 434 km2. During several field works, a total of 136 fish were sam More
        In this research, the fishes fauna of Bidoaz River was studied. This river is a permanent water source which flows in Northern Khorasan province. The total water-shed of this river covers an area of about 434 km2. During several field works, a total of 136 fish were sampled by appropriate tools and the collected specimens were transferred to the laboratory where then they were killed by ethanol injection to their brain. Afterwards, the morphologic, biometric and biomeristic characters of samples were examined any using the available keys they were taxonomically identified. In general, three species of fish all belonging to Cypriniformis, including Schizothorax pelzami, Capoeta fusca and Nemachilus malapteruruswere recognized. In addition, the sex ratio of these taxons were examined and a significant difference (Pandlt;0.05) was seen in terms of male/ female ratio Manuscript profile
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        239 - The Faunestic Study of Reptiles in Miankaleh Wildlife Refuge in Mazandaran Province
        شکورا السادات نبوی حاجی قلی کمی ویدا حجتی
        Miankaleh Wildlife Refuge with 68800 hectares area is located in 12km north of Behshahr city, Mazandaran Province in east southern parts of Caspian Sea with altitude 15-28 m below sea level. The present study has been performed in the spring and summer of 2012 in order More
        Miankaleh Wildlife Refuge with 68800 hectares area is located in 12km north of Behshahr city, Mazandaran Province in east southern parts of Caspian Sea with altitude 15-28 m below sea level. The present study has been performed in the spring and summer of 2012 in order to faunestic study of reptiles in Miankaleh Wildlife Refuge. Specimens were collected manually, and then specimens and their habitats was photographed using digital camera. Specimens released after identification and recording morphometeric and meristic characters. In this study 11 species belonging to 8 families were identified including: Mauremys caspica, Emys orbicularis, Testudo horsfieldii, Pseudopus apodus, Cyrtopodion caspium, Lacerta strigata, Trapelus agilis,Elaphe dione,Natrix natrix, Natrix tessellata, Platyceps najadum. All of the specimens except Testudo horsfieldii, have been reported previously from Mazandaran province. Among the specimens, just Testudo horsfieldii is known as a vulnerable specimen in Red List Categories of International Union for Conservation of Nature. Manuscript profile
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        240 - The Study of Snakes Fauna in Tabas County in Yazd Province
        نسرین حسن زاده هومن شجیعی عبدالحسین شیروی
        Reptiles have an important role in biological control. Since, the fauna and flora richness of Tabas County and no biosystematics studies were done in this region, the present research was done in order to study the snake fauna of Tabas County during 1389-90. Samples wer More
        Reptiles have an important role in biological control. Since, the fauna and flora richness of Tabas County and no biosystematics studies were done in this region, the present research was done in order to study the snake fauna of Tabas County during 1389-90. Samples were collected from different parts using hands or special sticks. Most samples were released after identification. Photographs and slides were prepared from live samples and a limited number of each sample was transferred to zoological laboratory for further investigation. Based on these findings،7 snake species belonging to 7 genera and 3 families were identified. They include Eryx jaculus, Platyceps karelini, Spalerosophis diadema, Psammophis schokari, Echis carinatus and Pseudocerastes persicus. Among identified families the biggest family belonged to Colubridae with 4 genera and 4 species. Eryx jaculus was reported for the first time in this region. Manuscript profile
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        241 - The Identification of the Lizards Fauna in the Southern Parts of Ardabil Province, Iran
        رامین محمدی آلوچه حاجی قلی کمی علیرضا داداشی
        Reptiles are very important in the biological control of environment. Because of rich fauna and flora of Ardabil Province; and since, many regions of it have not been studied yet, so this research was done in order to identify the fauna of lizards in southern regions of More
        Reptiles are very important in the biological control of environment. Because of rich fauna and flora of Ardabil Province; and since, many regions of it have not been studied yet, so this research was done in order to identify the fauna of lizards in southern regions of Ardabil Province (Ardabil, Khalkhal, Kosar, Ner, and Namin) during 2009-10. Specimens were collected by hand from different parts of study regions. Pictures and slides were teken from the live samples and of them transferred to zoological laboratory. In this study 4 families,11 Genera and 13 species were identified, Including:Ophisops elegans,Laudakia caucasica caucasica, Trachylepis aurata transcaucasica,Phrynocephalus persicus,Trapelusruderatus ruderatus,Darevskia chlorogaster,Darevskia raddei raddei,Eremias strauchi strauchi, Iranolacerta brandtii brandtii,Lacerta media media,lacerta strigata, Ablepharus bivittatus, Pseudopus apodus apodus.amony family of Lizard fauna recognized in the south of Ardabil province ,the largest family is lacertidae with 7 species and 4 genera. And Anguidae family with one species and one genus is the rarest lizard. Many species were collected and recorded for the first time from south of Ardabil Province. Manuscript profile
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        242 - Introducing of aquatic Arthropods fauna of Cheshmeh_Ali river in Damghan
        صفر پورعلی دارستانی
        In this study, aquatic arthropoda of Cheshmeh-Ali river in Damghan from Semnan province investigated. Collection took place from beginning of spring until Astaneh village for one year. Specimens found in rapid and calm water, algae, aquatic vegetation, muddy and sand bo More
        In this study, aquatic arthropoda of Cheshmeh-Ali river in Damghan from Semnan province investigated. Collection took place from beginning of spring until Astaneh village for one year. Specimens found in rapid and calm water, algae, aquatic vegetation, muddy and sand bottoms. From insects; orders Collembula, Odonata, Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, and from Arachnida; Hydracarina, and from Crustacea; Amphipoda, Isopoda, decapoda, Cladocera and Cyclopoida collected. Cheshmeh-Ali river have relativily high stability because of itandrsquo;s geographical statue.Identify 47 species of arthropoda, indicate high biodiversity in this river. Manuscript profile
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        243 - The Study of Lizards Fauna of Tabas in Yazd Province
        فهیمه مسئولی حاجی قلی کمی هومن شجیعی
        Since lizards are considered as one of natural factors in controlling the arthropods population. Consequently, they have a high ecological value in energy pyramid. Due to the richness of Tabas regarding fauna and flora and because no one has done biosystematic studies i More
        Since lizards are considered as one of natural factors in controlling the arthropods population. Consequently, they have a high ecological value in energy pyramid. Due to the richness of Tabas regarding fauna and flora and because no one has done biosystematic studies in this region, the present study investigated the lizard fauna of the city during 2000-2001. Sample collection was done during spring, summer, fall and late winter. 84 samples were collected and identified based on morphological, morphometric and meristical characteristics. According to the results the lizards belonged to five families: Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Lacertidae, Uromastycidae and varanidae which include 10 genera and 14 species. Agamidae, Gekkonidae and lacertidae families have the highest frequency and Eremias genre has the highest species diversity. Manuscript profile
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        244 - Identification of native and foreign fish fauna of Fars’s Parishan lake
        علیرضا گلچین منشادی حسین نغمه سنج رضا صادقی لیمنجوب
        In this study, in order to identify the parishan lake fish fauna, sampling was performed in four seasons during 2009. fish were captured by fishing net and transferred to laboratory of veterinary medicine of Islamic Azad University, kazerun Branch for identification. .T More
        In this study, in order to identify the parishan lake fish fauna, sampling was performed in four seasons during 2009. fish were captured by fishing net and transferred to laboratory of veterinary medicine of Islamic Azad University, kazerun Branch for identification. .The results showed that 9 fish species live in Parishan lake that in Orderof mean of frequencyare:Capoeta Barroisi persica (25.30±1.45 ),chalcaburnus sellal ( 17.90 ±2.03) ,Barbus luteus (16.04±0.76) ,Cyprinus carpio (17.89±0.45) , Garra rufa obtusa ( 14.19 ±1.04 ) , Carassius carassius (8.64 ±2.77) , Mastacmbelusmastacmbelus (1.23 ±1.07), Lizaabu ( 0.61 ±1.22 ) and Barbus grypus (0.61 ±1.22).Also the frequency of species according to seasons showed that in the spring ,capoeta barrosispersica, In the summer Chalcalburnus sellal ,In the autumn Capoeta barroisi  persica and In the winter  cyprinous carpio  had highest percentage of frequency. Manuscript profile
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        245 - Evaluation of Protective Effects of PLGA Nanoparticles Containing Detoxified Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Derived from Acinetobacter Baumannii in Mouse Lung Infection
        Afshin Gholizadeh Reza Shapoori Parviz Pakzad Mehdi Mahdavi
        10.22034/ascij.2021.684783
        common microbial pathogens with antibiotic resistance in causing respiratory infections in patients admitted to the ICU. Making a vaccine can be one of the effective ways to combat this infection. This study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of PLGA nanop More
        common microbial pathogens with antibiotic resistance in causing respiratory infections in patients admitted to the ICU. Making a vaccine can be one of the effective ways to combat this infection. This study was performed to evaluate the protective effects of PLGA nanoparticles containing detoxified lipopolysaccharide (D-LPS) of Acinetobacter baumannii as a vaccine in mouse lung infection. M&uuml;ller Hinton Broth culture medium was used for mass propagation of bacteria. Bacterial LPS was extracted by hot water-phenol method and detoxified with 0.2M NaOH. Encapsulation of detoxified LPS in PLGA particles was performed by Double emulsion solvent evaporation (Water/Oil/Water emulsion). The prepared particles were between 150 and 200 nm in diameter with a negative surface charge. Forty Balb/C mice were randomly divided into four groups of 10 (control, PLGA-receiving group, D-LPS-receiving group, and PLGA-D-LPS-receiving group). All groups were vaccinated three times at intervals of 14 days. On day 35, live bacteria were delivered to the groups through the lungs, and after 48 hours, the mice&rsquo;s lungs were removed for bacteriological and histopathological studies. Culture of homogenized extract of lung tissue showed a significant difference between group 4 and other groups. (P &lt;0.05) Histological study also showed the protective effect of PLGA nanoparticles containing detoxified LPS. This study showed that PLGA particles containing detoxified LPS of Acinetobacter baumannii were successful in stimulating the immune system of mice and could be used as a vaccine.. Manuscript profile
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        246 - Fauna of planthoppers superfamily Fulgoroidea (Hem.: Auchenorrhyncha) in the northwestern Iran
        Fariba Mozaffarian
        Planthoppers are small insects, belonging to the superfamily Fulgoroidea. They cause economic damages by sucking their saps and also transmit some diseases to the plants. In this study, a list of 42 species of planthoppers in the northwestern Iran is provided via collec More
        Planthoppers are small insects, belonging to the superfamily Fulgoroidea. They cause economic damages by sucking their saps and also transmit some diseases to the plants. In this study, a list of 42 species of planthoppers in the northwestern Iran is provided via collecting specimens in the field and also examining some already deposited material in Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum. Additionally, the species recordings published materials in the recent 100 years were included. As a result, one species, Phantia zaitzevi Melichar (Flatidae) is recording for the first time from Iran. Five species, Kelisia ribauti Wagner (Delphacidae), Malenia sarmatica Anufriev (Derbidae), Nymphorgerius rostratus Emeljanov (Dictyopharidae), Meenoplus albosignatus Fieber (Meenoplidae) and Tettigometra eremi Lindberg (Tettigometridae) are firstly recorded for northwestern Iran. The five other species, Cixius pallipes Fieber (Cixiidae), Hyalesthes mlokosiewiczi Signoret (Cixiidae), Dictyophara europaea (Linnaeus) (Dictyopharidae), Dictyophara hoberlandti Dlabola (Dictyopharidae), and Tettigometra vitellina Fieber (Tettigometridae) are herewith recorded for the first time from one or more studied provinces. Manuscript profile
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        247 - Identification of locust species and determining dominancy in Khodaafarin region, northwest of Iran
        Mansoor Aalipour Shahzad Iranipour Mohammad Hossein Kazemi Ghadir Nouri Ganbalani Mohsen Mofidi-Neyestanak
        During 2010 and 2011, an investigation launched to determine the species combination of locusts and grasshoppers (Insecta: Orthoptera) in one of the most infested area called Ayri-Boujagh within Khodaafarin region, northwest of Iran. To do this, regular insect sampling More
        During 2010 and 2011, an investigation launched to determine the species combination of locusts and grasshoppers (Insecta: Orthoptera) in one of the most infested area called Ayri-Boujagh within Khodaafarin region, northwest of Iran. To do this, regular insect sampling was carried out using a 2&times;2 m quadrate during spring and summer. Afterwards, the number of each species was counted and recorded separately. The specimens sorted were identified through morphological identification keys in Insect Taxonomy Research Department of Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (Tehran, Iran) by the fifth author. As a result, Calliptamus italicus (Linnaeus 1758) was determined as the dominant species. The yielded data can be entered in further IPM decision making for the pastures and adjacent agricultural fields in the region. Manuscript profile
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        248 - Frequency of Superficial and Cutaneous Fungal Infections and the Affecting Factors in Patients Referred to Dermatology Clinic of 22th Bahman Hospital in Mashhad between 2013-2014
        Marzieh Kazerani Farzaneh Delgoshaei Mostafa Ghafari Moghadam Noghabi
        Background: Superficial and cutaneous fungal disease is a public health problem and its prevalence in different populations is relatively high. Lack of hygiene and the impact of risk factors increase the incidence of disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the More
        Background: Superficial and cutaneous fungal disease is a public health problem and its prevalence in different populations is relatively high. Lack of hygiene and the impact of risk factors increase the incidence of disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of superficial and cutaneous fungal infections and the affecting factors in the patients. Materials &amp; Methods: In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 137 patients with superficial and cutaneous fungal infections referred to dermatology clinic of 22th Bahman Hospital in Mashhad between 2013-2014, were investigated. After recording demographic data, tissue samples from the skin, nails, hair and beard of the patients were taken under sterile conditions and in accordance to standard protocol and were sent to the laboratory for microscopic examination. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS-21 statistical software and chi-square test and fisher&rsquo;s exact test. Results: The mean age of the patients was 25.7&plusmn;14.6 years and 51.8% of them were male. Superficial and cutaneous fungal infections included dermatophytosis (57.7%), tinea versicolor (16.8%), cutaneous candidiasis (10.2%), erythrasma (9.5%) and saprophytes (5.8%). Groin (29.2%), hands and feet (23.4%), nails (14.6%), chest and abdomen (11.7%) had the most anatomic distribution of fungal lesions. It was not found a significant relationship between superficial and cutaneous fungal infections and the variables of age, sex, job and anatomic location of the lesions , habitat, comorbidities and transmission routes (P&gt;0.05). Discussion &amp; Conclusion: The results of this study showed that dermatophytosis was the most common fungal infection and the groin was the most common anatomical site of the fungal lesions in the patients. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        249 - Effect of nucleotides administration on growth and infectious disease resistance in aquatic animals
        Habib Sarsangi Aliabad
        &nbsp; &nbsp;Recently, the use of dietary nucleotides has mentioned in aquaculture, due to improvement in immune system, increasing growth parameters and absorption in the intestine. In general, nucleotides nearly, affect all cellular processes and play an important rol More
        &nbsp; &nbsp;Recently, the use of dietary nucleotides has mentioned in aquaculture, due to improvement in immune system, increasing growth parameters and absorption in the intestine. In general, nucleotides nearly, affect all cellular processes and play an important role in structural and regulatory functions of the body. Nucleotides continuously are synthesis, degradation and recycling in the cell. The immune system cell such as lymphocytes, red blood cells, hematopoietic cells and intestinal mucosa due to rapid metabolism and fast reaction, also need to high level of nucleotide, have a very limited capacity for nucleotide synthesis. In these cells, exogenous nucleotide administration, is very important for normal functions. Over the past two decades, use of nucleotides in diets has been examined for improving the immune system against viruses, bacteria and parasites, liver function, increased levels of absorption in the intestine and growth, fat and protein metabolism, biochemical and physiological functions and improve the stress response in marine animals. In addition, these compounds are important to energy transmission. Their effect on maturation, activation and phagocytosis of macrophages in humans and animals have been reported. There is a little information about their physiological functions in fish and more research is needed in this area. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        250 - Evaluation application of Sodium hypochlorite Fungicide on Wheat Germinated Seed Characteristics
        Mojtaba AlaviFazel Shahram Lak Mohammad Khayat
        Recently fungal diseases increased and great damage happen for crop produced, so seed disinfestations is advised to preventing and decrease seed pollution and very important. To evaluate effect of different concentration of sodium hypochlorite (at four level include: 2, More
        Recently fungal diseases increased and great damage happen for crop produced, so seed disinfestations is advised to preventing and decrease seed pollution and very important. To evaluate effect of different concentration of sodium hypochlorite (at four level include: 2, 4, 6 and 8 percent) and different time of apply Antiseptic solution (at four level include: 2, 5, 7 and 10 minute) on seed of bread wheat infected Aspergillus flavus research according factorial experiment based complete randomized design at four replication was conducted. Analysis variance resualt showed interaction effect of concentration of sodium hypochlorite and time of application of Antiseptic solution on traits of mean of germination, percentage of germination, plumule length and radicle length were significant at 5 percent and germination rate at 1 percent probability level was significant. Treatment of apply 6 minute and 7 percent of sodium hypochlorite had higher amount of germination percentage (96 %), radicle length (10.89 cm), plumule length (10.5 cm), germination speed (39.92 day) and mean germination time (5.5 day) than to another treatment, against the treatment of apply two minute of 10 percent sodium hypochlorite had lowest amount the traits such as of germination percentage (81.33 %), radicle length (4.58 cm), plumule length (8.9 cm), germination speed (31.17 day) and mean germination time (4.5 day) than to another treatment. Totally consume 6 minute of 7 percent of sodium hypochlorite for control disinfection and seed pollution advised for improve germination factors. Manuscript profile
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        251 - Seroepidemiologic survey onWest Nile Virus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine Arteritis Virus and Influenza A Virus in the stables of Tehranand Alborz province
        ,A Badiei ,A Shaghayagh R. Sadri S.M irsaeedi Farahani, ,M Loghmani ,P Hosamy ,A. Ahmadi رامین Balali, ,A Jamali ,F Moosakhani
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The object More
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The objective of this study was to determine the serological statusof the most important viruses in horse. Serum samples were collected from stable horses throughout TehranandAlborzprovince. Out Of 126 samples, 3 (2.38%), 1 (0.79%), 37 (29.36%), 85(67.46%) were seropositive for WNV,EIA, EAV and Influenza A Virus, respectively. The results revealed that antibodies against WNV, EIA and EAVwere present in Tehran and Alborz province; meanwhile,previous exposure to WNV, EIA and EAV might nothave occurred in Iran due to low percentages ofWNV and EIA seropositive cases and medium percentage ofEAV seropositive results. Seropositivecases of WNV, EIA and EAV were as same as other reports. Since highpercentages of Influenza A seropositive results, the agent is likely circulating in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        252 - Detection of 793/B serotype of infection bronchitis virus from broiler flocks with respiratory signs in west of Mazandran province
        S.A. Hosseini Aliabad, رضا Momayez, محسن Mahmodzadeh, A. Yosef Amin,
        For detection of the 793/B serotype of infection bronchitis virus in respiratory infections, 11 samples were taken from broiler flocks with respiratory signs in west of Mazandran province in autumn and winter of 2010. After inoculation of samples into the embryonated S More
        For detection of the 793/B serotype of infection bronchitis virus in respiratory infections, 11 samples were taken from broiler flocks with respiratory signs in west of Mazandran province in autumn and winter of 2010. After inoculation of samples into the embryonated SPF chicken eggs, samples were checked for heamagglutination (HA) characteristic by HA test for Newcastle disease (ND) and Avian Influenza (AI) viruses, and then the cases having HA property were tested by ND and AI specifc antiserum and evaluated for ND and AI virus by heamagglutination inhibition (HI) test. For identifcation of infection bronchitis virus, 1 ml of allantoic fluid was harvested from allantoic fluid and viral RNA was extracted with RNA purifcation kit and at the frst step a fragment of S1 gene was amplifed by general primers of IB virus in RT-PCR reaction. In the second step the RT- PCR product was amplifed for differentiation of Mass and 793/B by type specifc primers in Nested-PCR. Results revealed that 7 of 11 samples were positive for IB virus in RT-PCR reaction and 5 samples were positive for 793/B serotype in Nested-PCR. While the affected flocks didn&rsquo;t take any vaccination against 793/B serotype, samples were considered positive for 793/B serotype infection. Also, ND virus and AI virus were detected in two IB positive samples. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        253 - Evaluation of the effcacy of chicken infectious anemia Vaccine in broiler breeder flock based on variation and persistency in anti-CAV antibodies titers
        پیام Haghighi-Khoshkhoo مهرداد Tashakori علیرضا Bahonar گیتا Akbari-Azad
        Chicken Infectious Anemia (CIA), a disease of young chickens, can be prevented by immunization of breedingflocks with live vaccines. The objective of the present work was to perform the effcacy of one attenuated live vaccineNobilis CAV P4 (Intervet Co., Netherland) based More
        Chicken Infectious Anemia (CIA), a disease of young chickens, can be prevented by immunization of breedingflocks with live vaccines. The objective of the present work was to perform the effcacy of one attenuated live vaccineNobilis CAV P4 (Intervet Co., Netherland) based on induction of persistent antibodies in broiler breeder and theirprogenies compared to unvaccinated broiler breeder flock. The vaccine administrated to Ross 308 broiler breederflocks at 6-week old via S.C. rout. A total of 352 serum samples were collected from vaccinated and unvaccinatedbreeder flocks from 6 to 33 week old (5, 12, 16, 20 and 28 weeks after vaccination) and twice in their progeny flocksat one- day old. Sera were analyzed by indirect ELISA (Synbiotics Corporation, USA) and data were compared statistically between the two groups by t-test. The results showed natural infection of CIA virus in unvaccinated breederflock and not only the mean titer was higher but also thecoeffcient variant (CV%) was lower than vaccinated breederflock signifcantly (P&lt;0.05). But the CV% in progeny of vaccinated breeder flock was lower than the CV% in progeny of unvaccinated breeder flock. Also, there was anti-CAV antibody negative in hens and progenies in unvaccinatedbreeder flock, so these hens potentially can transmit the virus vertically. All breeders from vaccinated flock were positive serologically. It seemed that vaccination could be an effcient rout for eliminating susceptible birds, decreasingvariation in anti-CAV antibodies titers and induction persistent antibody titer. However more experiments need to becarried out to defne if vaccination really is desirable. Manuscript profile
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        254 - Seroepidemiologic survey on West Nile Virus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine Arteritis Virus and Influenza A Virus in the stables of Tehran and Alborz province
        S.M Mirsaeedi Farahani آریا Badiei علیرضا Shaghayagh رویا Sadri مهدی Loghmani پیمان Hosamy احمد Ahmadi R. Balali علیرضا Jamali فرهاد Moosakhani
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The object More
        A seroepidemiological study to detect the presence of the antibodies against West Nile Virus(WNV), Influenza AVirus, Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIA) and Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) was done in Tehran and Alborzprovince, Iran from April 2011 to July 2012. The objective of this study was to determine the serological statusof the most important viruses in horse. Serum samples were collected from stable horses throughout Tehran andAlborz province. Out Of 126 samples, 3 (2.38%), 1 (0.79%), 37 (29.36%), 85(67.46%) were seropositive forWNV, EIA, EAV and Influenza A Virus, respectively. The results revealed that antibodies against WNV, EIA andEAV were present in Tehran and Alborz province; meanwhile,previous exposure to WNV, EIA and EAV mightnot have occurred in Iran due to low percentages ofWNV and EIA seropositive cases and medium percentage ofEAV seropositive results. Seropositivecases of WNV, EIA and EAV were as same as other reports. Since highpercentages of Influenza Aseropositive results, the agent is likely circulating in Iran Manuscript profile
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        255 - Invitro antagonistic effects of normal vaginal Lactobacilli isolated from healthy bitches on some pathogens related to bitch endometritis in comparison with some commonly used antibiotics
        مهرداد Jabarzadeh o. ataie amarloie f. moosakhani
        Nowadays the uterine infections are considered as one of the principal disorders of bitch&rsquo;s reproductive system. Forthis reason, the utilization of lactobacillus spp. as probiotic and aimed at substituting in the uterus as an inhibiting factoragainst the uterine i More
        Nowadays the uterine infections are considered as one of the principal disorders of bitch&rsquo;s reproductive system. Forthis reason, the utilization of lactobacillus spp. as probiotic and aimed at substituting in the uterus as an inhibiting factoragainst the uterine infections due to the production of metabolites such as hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid be usefuland should be investigated (13). For this reason, in order to isolate the lactobacillus spp. from the vaginas of healthybitches beings, an attempt was made to obtain specimens using double guard swab under sterile conditions from twentyhealthy bitches which had been primarily confrmed through radiograph, ultrasonography and clinical examinations.Subsequent to the acquisition of specimens, the swabs were immediately placed in MRS-broth medium and aftertransferring to laboratory they were incubated frstly for 48 to 72 hours in anaerobic condition under 37&ordm;c. Thereafter,from the specimens grown on MRS-agar, cultures were prepared and further incubated under above conditions formore 48 to72 hours. Utilizing direct observation, biochemical tests and ultimately PCR and sequencing the genus oflactobacillus spp. was discerned from the colonies grown on the surface. Following this step, the lactobacillus spp.were subjected to isolation and propagation. On the other hand, in a bid to test the effect of isolated lactobacillus onregular pathogens occurring in uterine infections, a certain number of afflicted bitches beings referred to medical clinicsexisting all over Alborz province were selected for obtaining specimens of uterine secretions. In continuation, the degreeof created inhibition zone resulting from separate proximity of lactobacilli and antibiogram discs with main isolatedpathogens including Staphylococcus intermedius, E. coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcusaureus and Trueperella were compared. The fndings demonstrated that the Lactobacilli had a signifcant effect ona multitude of pathogenic bacteria for the creation of inhibition zone from growth in laboratory conditions. Most ofisolated pathogens (83.3%) in the vicinity of 2.5&micro;l of fresh culture medium of Lactobacillus showed susceptibility whichindicates a signifcant difference in comparison with susceptibility of all antibiogram discs under investigation (34.16%).In the light of acquired results in laboratory conditions (in vitro), it seems that the application of Lactobacillus spp. in bitchvagina as a preventive factor from uterine infections or as a factor for mitigating the disposition to such infections shouldalso be surveyed under clinical conditions which might possibly be a suitable replacement for antibiotic treatments. Manuscript profile
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        256 - Tympanotomy for otitis media treatment in a German Shepherd dog
        H.R Fattahian, فرخ Kabir, A.R Hosseinzadeh, نیما Vazir, B. Vazir
        Ear disease is one of the main problems in small animal feld. The various therapies have been recommended for ear disease. Medical treatment is sometimes are insuffcient and the response is not curative, therefore, surgical treatment is suggested. An eleven-year-old, More
        Ear disease is one of the main problems in small animal feld. The various therapies have been recommended for ear disease. Medical treatment is sometimes are insuffcient and the response is not curative, therefore, surgical treatment is suggested. An eleven-year-old, German shepherd dog weighing 27 kg with weakness, loss of appetite and left side head tilt had been referred to small animal clinic. During nine months period, several courses of medications had been prescribed for this patient but all the medical treatments were unsuccessful. According to patient signalment, surgical treatment was suggested. After patient and operation team preparation, anesthesia was induced and the surgical procedure was carried out with vertical and horizontal canal ablation. Lateral bulla osteotomy was performed using surgical hand-peice. The copious irrigation was done and plate-form pus organized removed from floor of bulla and the Incision lines were sutured routinely. After 48 hours of supportive treatment, clinical signs improved and the patient returned to normal life. One year follow-up showed no head tilt. Manuscript profile
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        257 - Prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord
        Mahnaz Shamaei Maryam Reisi Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki
        Urinary tract infections is one of the most common infectious diseases and E. coli is one of urinary tract infection the most important factor. The purpose of this investigation is prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord to More
        Urinary tract infections is one of the most common infectious diseases and E. coli is one of urinary tract infection the most important factor. The purpose of this investigation is prevalence of sul genes in E.coli isolated from urinary tract infectious in Shahrekord to form cross-sectional in 2013. Samples was prepared as sterile and in terms of urine tests, cultures and was studied. Investigation antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by disk diffusion method. As well as, for tracing Sul gene PCR reaction was performed in the presence of specific primers and the results was analyzed. In this study of 130 E. coli isolates studied 67 isolates (53/51%) resistance to co-trimoxazol was observed. The frequency of genes sul1, sul2 and sul3 was respectively 20/89%, 55/22% and 4/47%. In statistical analysis with chi-square test between to resistance sulfonamides and sul genes significant correlation was observed. The results showed that E. coli isolates are high resistant to sulfonamides that may be the indiscriminate use of these antibiotics. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        258 - Investigate the frequency of genes sul and investigate the relationship between genes sul and Class I integrons in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates resistant to sulfonamides isolated from clinical cases in Shahrekord
        Marziyeh Farsinejad Maryam Reisi JAMSHID Alibabaeishahraki Hossein Khodabandeh shahraki
        Antimicrobial resistance is a common problem throughout the world. Acquire integrons is one One of the main causes multi- resistance in gram-negative microorganisms. The purpose of this study, Investigate the frequency of genes sul and investigate the relationship betw More
        Antimicrobial resistance is a common problem throughout the world. Acquire integrons is one One of the main causes multi- resistance in gram-negative microorganisms. The purpose of this study, Investigate the frequency of genes sul and investigate the relationship between genes sul and Class I integrons in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates resistant to sulfonamides isolated from clinical cases in Shahrekord. In this study, antibiotic resistance 90 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical cases of Shahrekord,disk diffusion method was performed. In order to investigate resistance to sulfonamides of the antibiotic cotrimoxazole was used. Then using specific primers was performed tracing genes sul1, sul2 and sul3 and intI. After PCR reaction of 33 isolates resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole sul1 gene in 15 isolates (45/45%), sul2 gene in 20 isolates (60/60%), gene Sul3 in 2 isolates (6/06%) and the gene intI 27 isolates was found. The statistical analysis between genes sul1and IntI significant relationship was observed. The results of this study show that is a strong correlation between carry integrons and increased resistance to a number of different classes of antibiotics. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        259 - Psychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S)
        احمد به پژوه زهرا کماسی
        Psychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S)
        Psychometric Properties of Amsterdam Misophonia Scale (A-MISO-S) Manuscript profile
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        260 - Assessment of barley seeds chemical treatments with some conventional fungicides on barley strip controlling
        Soleiman Jamshidi Ahmad Ghaffari Mohammad Sadeghzadeh Mehdi Mianaji
        In order to evaluation of conventional fungicides effect on barley strip disease controlling, infected barley seeds of PropStar variety were collected from Achachy region barley fields located in Miyaneh, Iran and their infection percentage has been determined about 72% More
        In order to evaluation of conventional fungicides effect on barley strip disease controlling, infected barley seeds of PropStar variety were collected from Achachy region barley fields located in Miyaneh, Iran and their infection percentage has been determined about 72% by culture plate test method. An experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions for evaluation of 0.5, 1 and 2 % of Carboxin 75WP, Carboxin-tiram 75WP, Tilt 250EC, Carbendazim 60WP, Rovral-TS 52.5WP, Benomyl 50WP, Diniconazole 2WP, Difenoconazol 3DS, Maneb 80WP and Mancozeb 80WP on seed viability, as completely randomized design with 4 replications. The results revealed that all treatments didn&rsquo;t have significant difference with control rather than Tilt and 2% of Carboxin-tiram. Another experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with 3 replications in field condition. After seed treatments with recommended doses of above fungicides, 100 seeds was sown in a 10 m rows with 1 cm intervals in each plot. Plant infection percentages were calculated and analysis of variance and mean comporisons with Duncan&rsquo;s multiple range test in 5% probability showed that Benomyl and Carbendazim had no effect on disease controlling. Also, other fungicides had significant difference with control and all of them can be recommended for field applications. However the most effective fungicides were Rovral-TS and Mancozeb and Maneb and Difeniconazole had the least effect on the disease, statistically. Manuscript profile
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        261 - Identification of Heteroptera fauna of alfalfa fields in Azarshahr region of Azarbayejan-e-sharqi province, Iran
        Ali Reza khalilzadeh
        Collection and identification of insect fauna in agricultural areas is regarded as a fundamental research in plant protection and agricultural entomology. In this study, Heteroptera fauna of alfalfa fields in Azarshahr region of Azarbayejan e sharqi province of Iran was More
        Collection and identification of insect fauna in agricultural areas is regarded as a fundamental research in plant protection and agricultural entomology. In this study, Heteroptera fauna of alfalfa fields in Azarshahr region of Azarbayejan e sharqi province of Iran was studied by means of sweep net and aspirator during 2003&ndash;2005. A total of 13 species belonging to 6 families (Alydidae,Lygaeidae, Nabidae, Miridae, Rhopalidae, Pentatomidae) of Heteroptera were collected and identified. The species Nabis pseudoferus, and Nabis capsiformis were identified as predators and other species were phytophagous. Miridae had the most frequency among families and Lygus pratensis, Lygus regulipennis, Adelphocoris Lineolatus, and stenodema turanicam had the most frequent species. Nabis capsiformis was reported for first time from Azarbayejan e sharqi province. New species for Azarshahr region and Azarbayejan e sharqi province marked by one (*) and tow (**) asterisks respectively. Collected families and species were as follow: Alydidae: Nabidae: *Comptopus lateralis *Nabis pseudoferus Lygaeidae: *,**Nabis capsiformis *Emblethis spp Pentatomidae: Miridae: *Carpocoris coreanus *Exolygus pratensis *Carpocoris fuscispinus *Exolygus regulipennis *Dolycoris baccarum *Adelphocoris lineolatus Rhopalidae: *Stenodema turanicum *Corizus hyoscyami *Deraeocoris pallens &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        262 - Studies on sheep tick fauna and their seasonal population variations in Azarbayejan-e-qarbi province
        Sohrab Rasoli Naser Hogogi Rad Jaber Davoodi Hamed Ahari
        An investigation was conducted in order to determine the tick species of sheep body surface and their seasonal population variations in Azarbayejan-e-qarbi province from March 2006 to April 2007. Sampling was done from overally 1800 sheep of both sexes, from 21 cities a More
        An investigation was conducted in order to determine the tick species of sheep body surface and their seasonal population variations in Azarbayejan-e-qarbi province from March 2006 to April 2007. Sampling was done from overally 1800 sheep of both sexes, from 21 cities and their suburbs of the province. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS computer software. The results revealed that 243 (13.44%) sheep was infested by hard ticks. The highest percentage of the sheep tick infestation was observed in Miandoab area during June 2006, while lowest percentage was in shahindegh area during February 2006. There was a significant difference (p&lt;0.005) in the tick population of sheep during the seasons and months of the year. Out of 1200 ticks were collected on sheep and were identified as: Hyalomma anatolicum anatolium (36.7%), Rhipicephalus bursa (34.83%), Dermacentor marginatus (12.75%), H. a. excavatum (8.41%) , Boophilus annulatus (3.33%), Haemaphysalis punctata (2.8%), Hae. sulkata (1%) and Rhipicephalus sanguinus (0.83%). The difference of tick site preference was significantly noticeable. Distribution of ticks over different parts of sheep body surface according to their frequency were as follow respectively: under the tail (fat) (46%), groin (22%), head and meck (15%), on the breasts (12%). Manuscript profile
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        263 - Faunistic survey and population fluctuations of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) as predators of pests of rice fields in Mazandaran, Iran
        Hassan Ghahari mehrdad Tabari abolfazl Rashidi hamireza Mohebbi
        Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are one of the important predators in different agroecosystems. Considering the importance of ants in predating and feeding at different life stages of pests, fauna and population fluctuation of these beneficial insects were studied in ric More
        Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) are one of the important predators in different agroecosystems. Considering the importance of ants in predating and feeding at different life stages of pests, fauna and population fluctuation of these beneficial insects were studied in rice fields of Mazandaran province. Of the faunistic survey, totally 15 species of ants were collected and identified from the paddy fields in Mazandaran province. The results of population fluctuations on the stubbles of three varieties including, Fajr, Khazar and Nemat indicated that the ants' population density was higher on Fajr than the two other varieties, and there was not a significant difference between Khazar and Nemat. Samplings from 11 September to 15 November 2005 indicated that the population density increased until last October and then decreased gradually; the highest density was obtained in 30 October. The means comparison revealed the significant reciprocal effect of "sampling date &times; rice variety" on population density of ants "P&lt;0.01". Manuscript profile
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        264 - Host plants of rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and identification of Chilo Species in Mazandaran province, Iran
        Hasan Ghahari mehrdad tabari hadi ostvan sohrab imani kamran parvanak
        The exact identification of key pests and their host plants in a region has very important role for their successful control. Fauna of stem borers, Chilo Zincken, 1817 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their host plants were studied in Mazandaran province. Totally, four spec More
        The exact identification of key pests and their host plants in a region has very important role for their successful control. Fauna of stem borers, Chilo Zincken, 1817 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their host plants were studied in Mazandaran province. Totally, four species including, C. partellus Swinhoe, C. phragmitellus Hubner, C. suppressalis Walker and C. sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur) were identified that among the mentioned species, C. sacchariphagus indicus is newly recorded for Iranian fauna. In a total of 17 host plants from 7 families including, Amarantaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Sparganiaceae and Typhaceae were identified as overwintering plant hosts of Chilo suppressalis larvae, a key pest of rice in northern Iran. From the collected host plants, two species including, Raphanus raphanistram and Eleusine indica are newly recorded from Iran as the host plants of C. suppressalis. The samplings indicated that the highest numbers of collected host plants were belong to the family Poaceae. Also, the results revealed that the larvae of C. suppressalis preferred three host plants of Xanthium pensylvanicum, Amaranthus spp. and Sorghum halopensae for overwintering.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        265 - Investigating the residue effects of herbicides uses in wheat after corn(karaj)
        ehsan alah jalili farnaz ganjabadi
        In order to evaluate the effects of four commercial formulations of sulfonylurea herbicides include Titus (rim Sulfurun), Cruz (nicosulfuron), Ekoup (Foramsulfuron) and Aultyma (nicosulfuron + rim Sulfurun) and four new herbicide dose Lomax (Mzutryun + S Mtalaklr + Trbu More
        In order to evaluate the effects of four commercial formulations of sulfonylurea herbicides include Titus (rim Sulfurun), Cruz (nicosulfuron), Ekoup (Foramsulfuron) and Aultyma (nicosulfuron + rim Sulfurun) and four new herbicide dose Lomax (Mzutryun + S Mtalaklr + Trbutylazyn) in the form of pre- and post-emergence and D + MCPA (U-46 Dyfluyyd) and treatment without herbicide application in the field after corn on the performance and growth parameters of wheat were studied. Experiments in Tehran (Karaj) in a randomized complete block design was done after harvest. Wheat (the leading) in the previous field of corn that were treated with these herbicides. In this experiment, grain and biological yield, harvest index and crop growth parameters in rotation with maize had been analyzed. Based on the results, when the crop was wheat in rotation with maize, herbicide residues Titus and post-emergence herbicide for Lomax (5.4 liters per hectare) wheat grain yield and 7/19 respectively. and 1.9% respectively 3.9 and 1.7 percentage yield decreased, and had the most negative effect on wheat. Lomax also treated postemergence at a rate of 4 liters per hectare, with a maximum leaf area index, dry matter production had the highest and lowest herbicide treatments produced Titus leaf area index, the lowest dry matter, respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

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        narges keshavarz ali sepehri goudarz ahmadvand saeed mousavi
        x
        x Manuscript profile

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