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Open Access Article
1 - Estimating Energy Consumption of Educational Spaces Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
مهسا فلاح نیاSize of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption for lighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating Sectors. Considering the large number of education MoreSize of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption for lighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating Sectors. Considering the large number of educational buildings and long life cycle of such buildings, choosing proper window size is crucial for energy saving in sustainable architectural design. Despite the role that windows have in energy consumption, the literatures are surprisingly limited in providing detailed recommendations for architects in determining the appropriate window size in different climates. Therefore, energy based window design has always been complicated for architects due to the number of involved different components and variables. In order to help the architectural designers, in this paper a new methodology is developed using a well-known artificial intelligence technique. In proposed methodology, a predictive model for energy consumption cost in terms of window to wall ratio (WWR) and the window facing was created using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The methodology consisted of a limited sets of direct numerical energy simulations for any specific climatic zone to generate the data required for training the ANN. The DOE-2 is suggested in the proposed methodology for direct numerical energy simulations of the daylighting scenarios required for training the ANN. The DOE-2 is a popular and powerful computational model developed with financial support of U.S. department of energy. The trained ANN-based model provides a fast and convenient way of comparing the different daylighting scenarios in designing stage. Indeed, further calculations for direct energy simulations are not necessary and an architect can readily utilize the trained ANN-based model as a powerful tool for forecasting the total energy consumption cost. In order to show the applicability and performance of the proposed approach, 288 daylighting scenarios for a standard classroom in a warm and dry climate, Shiraz-Iran, were simulated to determine the corresponding electric and gas consumption. A square classroom of side 7.4 m is the standard classroom defined by Iranian Organization for Renovating, Developing and Equipping Schools. The DOE-2 is utilized for simulating the defined standard classroom in the study area for estimating the annual gas and electric consumption of the generated scenarios over a 50 years period. The included daylighting scenarios were randomly split into train and test sets. In this study, around 80 percent of data were used for training, and the rest were used to evaluate the performance of the trained ANN. The best training and learning functions for different number of layers and neurons was determined in a trial-error process. Correlation Coefficient (CC), Mean square error (MSE) and Root mean square error (RMSE) are the statistical indices used for training procedure. The best results were obtained with 2 hidden layers and 6 neurons per layer. The 'Levenverg-Marquardt back propagation (trainlm)' and 'perceptron weight and bias learning function (learnp)' were the best training functions found for this research. The results show that the trained ANN can accurately predict the total energy consumption cost (RMSE=0.0811, MSE=0.0066, and CC=0.9672). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Estimating Energy Consumption of Educational Spaces Using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
Mahsa FallahniaSize of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption forlighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating sectors.Considering the large number of educa MoreSize of classroom’s windows has significant effects on both comfort level of users and electricity consumption forlighting. Moreover, windows are the main source of energy loss in classrooms in both cooling and heating sectors.Considering the large number of educationalbuildings and long life cycle of such them, choosing proper window size is crucial for energy saving in sustainablearchitectural design. Despite the role that windows have in energy consumption, the literatures are surprisinglylimited in providing detailed recommendations for architects in determining the appropriate window size in differentclimates. Therefore, energy based window design has always been complicated for architects due to the numberof involved different components and variables. In order to help the architectural designers, in this paper a newmethodology is developed using a well-known artificial intelligence technique. In the proposed methodology, apredictive model for energy consumption cost in terms of window to wall ratio (WWR) and the window facing wascreated using Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The methodology consisted of a limited sets of direct numericalenergy simulations for any specific climatic zone to generate the data required for training the ANN. The DOE-2issuggested in the proposed methodology for direct numerical energy simulations of the daylighting scenarios requiredfor training the ANN. The DOE-2 is a popular and powerful computational model developed with financial supportof U.S. department of energy. The trained ANN-based model provides a fast and convenient way of comparing thedifferent daylighting scenarios in designing stage. Indeed, further calculations for direct energy simulations are notnecessary and an architect can readily utilize the trained ANN-based model as a powerful tool for forecasting thetotal energy consumption cost. In order to show the applicability and performance of the proposed approach, 288daylighting scenarios for a standard classroom in a warm and dry climate, Shiraz-Iran, were simulated to determinethe corresponding electric and gas consumption. A square classroom of side 7.4 m is the standard classroom definedby Iranian Organization for Renovating, Developing and Equipping Schools. The DOE-2 is utilized for simulating thedefined standard classroom in the study area for estimating the annual gas and electric consumption of the generatedscenarios over a 50 years period. Included daylighting scenarios were randomly split into train and test sets. In thisstudy, around 80 percent of data were used for training, and the rest were used to evaluate the performance of thetrained ANN. The best training and learning functions for different number of layers and neurons was determined ina trial-error process. Correlation Coefficient (CC), Mean square error (MSE) and Root mean square error (RMSE)are the statistical indices used for training procedure. The best results were obtained with 2 hidden layers and 6neurons per layer. The 'Levenverg-Marquardt back propagation (trainlm)' and 'perceptron weight and bias learningfunction (learnp)' were the best training functions found for this research. The results show that the trained ANN canaccurately predict the total energy consumption cost (RMSE=0.0811, MSE=0.0066, and CC=0.9672). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Study of noise pollution and acoustic condition of the Tehran schools
Rostam Golmohammadi Farshid ghorbani Hossein Mahjoub Zohreh DaneshmehrNoise pollution is one of the important issues of environmental pollutant in metropolitan areas and is almost one of the hazardous agents, which causes discomfort for residents and disturbs the work efficiency. Schools are the most important areas for assessment of nois MoreNoise pollution is one of the important issues of environmental pollutant in metropolitan areas and is almost one of the hazardous agents, which causes discomfort for residents and disturbs the work efficiency. Schools are the most important areas for assessment of noise pollution, because Poor acoustical conditions in classroom directly affect to speech, perception and learning of students. The present study was conducted in Tehran city, during 2004 - 2005. In this study, 90 schools were randomly sampled. Schools consisting of primary, secondary and high school. In each school 103 parameters consist of noise characteristics and acoustic condition inside and outside of schools were measured and estimated. After the base calculation conducted of 158 data record for each sample, the research data was transferred into Excel and SPSS data sheet for statistical analysis. The results showed that the mean of Leq in classroom (in normal condition) were 71.98 ± 6.54 dB (A). The mean absorption index of internal absorbed area surface of classroom was 4.55± 2.07 sabin.m2 and the mean of the reverberation time was 3.65 ± 0.79 sec. The mean values of the transmission loss of the walls between classrooms were estimated 26.50 ± 2.37 dB and for outside were 29.72 ± 2.26 dB. Results showed that 70.6% of background noise index in classroom and 61.1% of Leq was in impermissible condition. Results also showed that 99% of street side walls and 100% of separator walls had a non efficiency to isolation of noise transmission. Analysis of the results showed that, the internal sources were the main cause of noise pollution in studied schools. Improvement acoustic reform by using of tile acoustics, control of opening in doors and windows and education for noise reduction in studied schools, and site selection and acoustic base designing for future construction were proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Valuation of the genetic diversity of the plant plant, Plantago major L., with ISSR molecular markers in Borujerd region
Narjes Azadbar Zahra sadat Mousavi Khansari Mohammad Mehdi Dehshiri Reza YariObjective: Borujerd region in Lorestan province is one of the best and less known natural habitats of plantago major L. The aim of the current study is to identify its natural habitats in Borujerd region and to evaluate genetic diversity in ecotypes with ISSR molecular MoreObjective: Borujerd region in Lorestan province is one of the best and less known natural habitats of plantago major L. The aim of the current study is to identify its natural habitats in Borujerd region and to evaluate genetic diversity in ecotypes with ISSR molecular markers. Materials and methods: In this research, the genetic diversity of 23 samples from 6 populations of Plantago major L. was studied. The extracted DNA of all 23 samples was done by the kit method. 10 primers with international codes were used for PCR reaction. The presence or absence of the band was stored as a one/zero matrix in the SPSS program. Findings: Out of the total 1632 bands produced, 200 bands (alleles) were polymorphism, which was calculated as 24% of polymorphism. The length of the generated fragments varied between 300 and 1650 bp. Primer P8 produced the most common bands with 61 bands and primer P9 produced the least common bands with 7 bands in the populations. The highest number of amplified bands was 206 bands related to P8 primer and the lowest number of produced bands was 125 bands related to P5 primer. Conclusion: The results show that the ISSR genetic markers, especially the P8 primer, can be used in phylogenetic studies of leek plant. Despite its small area, Borujerd region is suitable for the growth of various ecotypes of the Plantago major L, and therefore the preservation and maintenance of this natural habitat and the propagation of different ecotypes should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Predicting Academic Achievement by Learning Approaches and Perception of the Classroom Goals among Graduate Students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz
Mohammad Hosein Mohebi Noredin Vand Somayeh DadaThe aim of this research was to predict academic achievement by learning approaches and perception of the classroom goal among graduate students of IAU, Ahvaz Branch. It was a correlational study. The population consisted of all graduate students of Islamic Azad U MoreThe aim of this research was to predict academic achievement by learning approaches and perception of the classroom goal among graduate students of IAU, Ahvaz Branch. It was a correlational study. The population consisted of all graduate students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz in 2015. The sample consisted of 384 male and female students who were selected using random stratified sampling. The instruments included Study Approaches Questionnaire (Marton and Saljo, 1976) and Perception of Classroom Goal Scale (Urdan and Midgley, 2000). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. The last step of stepwise regression showed the two variables namely deep approach and surface approach to learning are able to predict students’ progress and overall can explain 38% of the variance in academic achievement (P<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners` Attitudes towards Using Flipped Teaching via Google Classroom
Sara Shahani Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
7 - English Students' Attitudes Towards Using Flipped Classrooms in Language Learning at Hebron University
Mohammed Farrah Ahlam Qawasmeh -
Open Access Article
8 - Designing Supplementary Materials for Prospect Series and Probing their Impact on Emotional Facet and Perceptions
Mohammad Hassan Alishahi Afsaneh Ghanizadeh Akram Hosseini -
Open Access Article
9 - EFL Learners’ Perceptions of Ethics in the Classroom
Minoo Alemi -
Open Access Article
10 - Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety, Positive Orientation, and Perceived Teacher and Student Emotional Support among Iranian EFL Learners
Shiva Azizpour Javad Gholami -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of Teachers’ Use of L1 on EFL Learners’ Anxiety and Enjoyment in Emergency Online Language Classrooms
Reza Bakhsheshi Atigh Mohammad Mohammadi Salva Kazemipour Khabbazi -
Open Access Article
12 - On the Effectiveness of Using Flipped Classroom in Teaching Grammar to Iranian Advanced Students of ELT
Seyyed Pedram Allahveysi Mohammad Aliakbari -
Open Access Article
13 - The Effect of Flipped Classroom on EFL Learners' Speaking Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency: A Mixed-Methods Study
Maedeh Davari Behdokht Mall-Amiri -
Open Access Article
14 - Reflections on Conversation Analytic Research in ELT
Hamid Allami Fatemeh Mozaffari Hossein Ali Manzouri -
Open Access Article
15 - The Interrelationship Among EFL Teachers’ Smart Classroom Management, Their Students’ Learning Approach, Positive Orientation, and Language Learning
Afsaneh Ghanizadeh Shirin Maloomi -
Open Access Article
16 - Analysis of teachers' views about the problems of project descriptive qualitative evaluation in multigrade classrooms and providing solutions to eliminate them
Heshmatollah Mortazavizadeh Mohammad Reza nilli Ahmad Reza Nasr Isfahani Mohammad HasaniThis research aimed to identify barriers of descriptive qualitative evaluation and improvement of this plan was multigrade classrooms. This study employed Qualitative research methods and purpose the can be considered as an applied method. The study employed teachers fr MoreThis research aimed to identify barriers of descriptive qualitative evaluation and improvement of this plan was multigrade classrooms. This study employed Qualitative research methods and purpose the can be considered as an applied method. The study employed teachers from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer province. The samples were selected purposively and was according to saturation reached up to 20 people. The data collection instrumentation was interview hat After presenting the the research objectives and the emphasis on the principle of confidentiality, was written and recorded interviews with each teacher. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze collected the data and the findings were elaborated in detail. The results found that: lack of time, different grades in a classroom, preference of quantitative evaluation than descriptive qualitative, lack of descriptive quantitative in education and lack of supports for teachers in the field of project evaluation, students distraction while evaluation, lack of space, educational materials, included the most important problems of the. quality-descriptive report on the issue from the interviewees perspective had been multigrade classrooms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Relationship between Perceptions of Classroom Goal Structure, Thinking Styles, Approaches to Learning and Academic Achievement in Students
ELAHE HEJAZI MASOUD LAVASANI ABOLFAZL BABAEI The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between perceptions of classroom goal structure, thinking styles, approaches to learning and academic achievement. For this purpose, in correlational research design, 311 boy students were selected from under More The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between perceptions of classroom goal structure, thinking styles, approaches to learning and academic achievement. For this purpose, in correlational research design, 311 boy students were selected from under graduated students of Abhar Azad University through stratified sampling . Three questionnaires were used: Perception of classroom goal structure scale (PALS), Thinking styles inventory and Study Process Questionnaire. academic achievement of students was assessed through their fall semester average grades. The result indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between academic achievement , mastery goal structure, thinking styles of type 1 and deep approaches to learning. There is no significant relationship between academic achievement, performance -approaches goal structure and goal structure performance-avoid. Also there is a significant negative relationship between academic achievement , thinking styles of type 2. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigation the relationship between beliefs and components of constructivism in mathematics classroom environment
Fatemeh Ahmadpour Mobarakeh Mohammad Reza Fadaee Abolfazl RafeipourMathematics teachers' philosophy and view about the nature of mathematics play a vital role in their schema of the teaching and learning process and this influence on quality of instructional directly. The aim of this research is to describe and identify the major belie MoreMathematics teachers' philosophy and view about the nature of mathematics play a vital role in their schema of the teaching and learning process and this influence on quality of instructional directly. The aim of this research is to describe and identify the major beliefs of constructivist mathematics teachers. The beliefs of 5 secondary mathematics teachers were investigated carefully, and also evaluated the extent of consistency of their classroom environments with principles of constructivism in the study. The instruments of data collecting were beliefs survey questionnaires, survey questionnaire of construction oriented classroom environment, semi-structured interviews and classroom observation. Data were summarized and structured by content analysis method. The results of data relating to 5 teachers showed that 2 of them had the most consistent between classroom environments and constructivism principles. Investigating these 2 teachers' beliefs led to identification of 6 core beliefs that are consistent with constructivism principles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Relationship between the Students' Learning Style and Dimensions of Effective Professor, from the students' points of view
Fatemeh Akbari Manjarmuie Narges KeshtiarayThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of an effective professor, from the students' viewpoints, and learning styles of post-graduate students of Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, in academic year 1391-92.Descriptive-explanatory MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of an effective professor, from the students' viewpoints, and learning styles of post-graduate students of Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, in academic year 1391-92.Descriptive-explanatory method was applied in this research. The population included 3548 post graduate students 350 of whom were selected by Morgan Table and stratified random sampling method. Data collecting tool included a researcher-made questionnaire, focusing on the dimensions of an effective professor in four areas (personality characteristics, classroom management, teaching process, demographic features) with 89 items, and Kolb questionnaire of learning styles which included 12 questions. For validity confirmation of the questionnaire of the dimensions of an effective professor, content and face validity were used for reliability, Cronbach Alpha Coefficient was applied (0.96). The reliability of Kolb questionnaire of learning styles was calculated as 0.79. Data were, then, analyzed on two descriptive an inferential statistics levels. The results indicated that teacher's personality characteristics, classroom management, and teaching process were related to the students' learning styles. However, no significant statistical relationship was observed between demographic features of the professor and learning styles of the students. That is to say that the characteristics of an effective professor and learning styles of the students were significantly related. The results also indicated that there was no statistical difference between learning styles of the students and the characteristics of an effective professor according to the gender and faculty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Comparison between Descriptive & Traditional Evaluation Base on Classroom Climate, Affective Characteristics Affective and Creativity of Elementary Education Students
Farhad Maher Asghar Aghaie ahmad Borjali Abbas RohaniAbstract The main purpose of the present was to study effects of descriptive & traditional evaluation project on classroom climate, affective characteristics and creativity for elementary education. It is an applied research which has a non-experimental design witho MoreAbstract The main purpose of the present was to study effects of descriptive & traditional evaluation project on classroom climate, affective characteristics and creativity for elementary education. It is an applied research which has a non-experimental design without a control group. The population of investigation was tertiary elementary education students at the schools of chahrmahalobakhtiari who have under descriptive and traditional evaluation. The samples, who were selected using random, consist of 480 students from this population (morgan,1970 ). The result of the research after applying a spss softwar shows that there is a significant difference for classroom climate variables (cooperative, individualistic, competitive, fairness of grading, class cohesion, alinenation from school, and social support). moreover, the result also showed that between descriptive and traditional groups yielded a significant difference for students affective characteristics (satisfaction, negative affect, relationship with teacher, social integration, opportunity, achievement, adventure). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - providing a proposed framework for the work and technology curriculum of the middel school With emphasis on flipped classroom pattern
zahra abolhasani Saeid Safaei MovahhedThe purpose of this study was to present and explain the proposed framework of work and technology curriculum of the first high school based on the flipped classroom pattern. Qualitative research method is of the type of implication research because it uses implications MoreThe purpose of this study was to present and explain the proposed framework of work and technology curriculum of the first high school based on the flipped classroom pattern. Qualitative research method is of the type of implication research because it uses implications of flipped classroom theory for the presentation of the Kar & Fanavari curriculum framework and it is in terms of applied purpose. The research population is all scientific literature related to the flipped classroom pattern and the criterion-based sampling method was used. The criteria for sample selection are: flipped classroom Patterns texts, published articles from reputable sites and also published in the last 5 years. The validity of this study was evaluated and confirmed by the faculty members of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of the University of Tehran. The present study aims at studying the theoretical foundations of the flipped classroom pattern and its arguments in four areas of purpose (enhancement of learning style, problem solving skills, creation of mental habits such as curiosity and the ability to utilize communication skills), Content (based on criteria such as different student learning styles, Student-centered, problem-oriented, self-learning and multi-media capability selected), For teaching strategies, one can use methods called problem solving teaching, creative thinking, teamwork, group discussion, individual training, and program teaching and demonstrative teaching methods and in assessing the work and technology curriculum was presented (using genuine evaluation to allow student self-assessment). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - A Comparison of the Effect of Flipped Classroom Teaching with lesson Study Method on Writing Creativity of Teacher Students in Creative Writing
Fateme Jafarikamangar SAMAD IZADI Gholamreza PirouzOne of the common goals of the education system worldwide is to make education more effective and more successful. Systematic and active learning methods are designed to achieve this educational goal; but proper use of this method in teaching the content of different co MoreOne of the common goals of the education system worldwide is to make education more effective and more successful. Systematic and active learning methods are designed to achieve this educational goal; but proper use of this method in teaching the content of different courses is another issue that requires special research. The purpose of this study is to investigate the increase of student writing creativity in creative writing lessons before and after the independent variable and compare the results of teaching these two methods with the use of two constructivist methods: flip classroom and lesson study.This research is a causal-comparative and quasi-experimental research with a practical purpose. The statistical population of this study consisted of students of elementary education teachers of Farhangian University of Mazandaran and the statistical sample is two 35 member - matched groups. Amongst genres of creative writing, four genres were selected in consultation with experts in the field. The elements of each genre were identified according to different sources and each element was weighted relative to its importance in the relevent genre. Writing in these four genres was received as pre-test and post-test in both groups and each element in the student writings was analyzed and graded from the perspective of Torrance's creativity criteria of fluidity, authenticity, flexibility and expansion. The results were analyzed by SPSS software. Comparison of the pre-test and post-test results in both groups showed that the flip class method and the research method showed a significant improvement in both groups. And comparing the two methods with each other showed that the research lesson had a significant effect on the creativity of the students' writing compared to the flip class. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Effectiveness of Flipped Teaching on Students' Academic Resilience
Parvaneh Omrani Fereshteh Afkari Mostafa GhaderiThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the flipped teaching method on the academic resilience of students in the lesson of humankind and the environment in the academic year of 2019-2020. This research is quasi-experimental and applied in terms of purpose. Th MoreThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the flipped teaching method on the academic resilience of students in the lesson of humankind and the environment in the academic year of 2019-2020. This research is quasi-experimental and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study included female high school students in District 2 of Shahr-e-Rey. First, one of the schools in the district 2 of Rey was selected by available sampling method and 60 high schools 11th-grade students were replaced by simple random sampling in two classes of 30 people as the experimental group and the other as the control group. To collect data, the standard questionnaire of Samuels (2004), which was standardized by SoltaniNejad and his colleagues in 2012, was used as a pre-test and post-test. After confirming the face and content validity of the instrument by professors in the field of educational sciences, its reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.81. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics such as center orientation indices and dispersion indices and inferential statistics of the Levin test were used to investigate the assumption of variance homogeneity and multivariate analysis of covariance and univariate and ETA test using Spss24 software. The results showed that flipped teaching has a positive effect improves the academic resilience of 11th-grade female students. Finally, it is suggested that principals facilitate teachers' participation in workshops on new teaching strategies so that teachers can benefit from new teaching approaches, including filliped teaching in the classroom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analyzing the Impact of Flipped Classroom on Students' Mathematical Academic Achievement and Attitude towards Mathematics
Hossein Ghanaat Abbas HabibzadehThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of flipped classroom on Students' mathematical academic achievement and attitude towards mathematics. This study was conducted in the 3rd district of Isfahan. The research was an "applied research" in terms of purpos MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of flipped classroom on Students' mathematical academic achievement and attitude towards mathematics. This study was conducted in the 3rd district of Isfahan. The research was an "applied research" in terms of purpose and "quasi-experimental" in terms of method. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male seventh grade high school students in Isfahan 3rd district. The sampling method was "sample available". The test group participated in a 10-session flipped classroom method but the control group received an unchanged training during these 10 sessions. In order to measure students' academic achievements, the students' scores were calculated by a formula based on both teacher-made tests of academic achievement in a mathematics lessons prepared by the researcher before and after the intervention and Mathematics Attitude Questionnaire by Aiken (1979). Covariance analysis method was used to analyze the data of this study after obtaining assurance that the necessary assumptions were not violated. The results of this study showed that flipped classroom teaching was more effective on students 'academic achievements than the traditional method, but the change in students' attitude toward math was not statistically significant. Therefore, it was concluded that planning to implement a flipped classroom in high schools can be effective in improving academic achievement in mathematics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Systematic review of multigrade classrooms studies
sara ebrahimiThe purpose of this study was to systematic review the studies of multigrade classrooms in Iran in order to classify and provide an overview of the challenges and the solutions identified and to analyze them. The present study was conducted by a qualitative method of sy MoreThe purpose of this study was to systematic review the studies of multigrade classrooms in Iran in order to classify and provide an overview of the challenges and the solutions identified and to analyze them. The present study was conducted by a qualitative method of systematic review. Reliable research were conducted by electronic search keywords of multigrade classroom, multigrade education and multigrade teaching in the databases of SID, Noormags, Google Scholar, Irandoc, Magiran, Comprehensive Portal of Humanities and The University of Tehran’s Scientific Journals Database the period of 1396-1386. The process of identification, screening, qualification, and inclusion in the sample study was performed based on the PRISMA statement. In the searches, 204 studies were identified for systematic review. After eliminating duplicates and screening, finally, 35 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected & analyzed. The selected documents were reviewed based on qualitative meta-analysis. In the analysis of multigrade classrooms challenges, findings indicated 5 main categories of challenges including challenges related to teachers, students, society and environment, curriculum elements and multigrade system which were examined separately or in combination. Also, in reviewing the research, the main solution to address each of these challenges was to design and develop a curriculum consistent with the characteristics of the local community. A program that is faithful to the national curriculum on the one hand and to the realities of the multigrade classrooms and the local community on the other. Accordingly, it is suggested that the national curriculum be modified in collaboration with teachers and multigrade experts, so that the curriculum of single-grade classrooms can be adapted and integrated based on the multigrade curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Designing a conceptual framework for analyzing implemented curriculum in class from the perspective of “human as an agent” theory
behnaz Bahadori Zahra Niknam Nematollah Mousapour Khosrow Bagheri Noaparast,The purpose of this article is to present a conceptual framework for the analysis of implemented curriculum based on the human agent theory and the characteristics of elementary classrooms in order to provide grounds for the implementation of the aforementioned theory i MoreThe purpose of this article is to present a conceptual framework for the analysis of implemented curriculum based on the human agent theory and the characteristics of elementary classrooms in order to provide grounds for the implementation of the aforementioned theory in the classroom. The research was conducted in an inferential way by examining about forty sources related to the theory of human action. Forty-four principles resulted in six dimensions of "teacher's educational end", "teacher's knowledge", "Awareness of the student", "method", "content", "teacher-student emotional relationships". in the dimension of "teacher's educational end " six principles, in the "teacher 's knowledge" and the "Awareness of the student", each one of the principles in the dimension of "Method" teaching, evaluation, class management, encouragement and punishment and behavior with difficult students' components were found nine, four, nine, three and four principles. in the content dimension, four principles and in " teacher - student "emotional relationship" were mentioned three principles. If the teacher can act based on the principles derived from this article, he can cross the narrow border of the agent student and the confusion of the class; Because the first and most important challenge for teachers in the classroom is classroom management and how to implement the curriculum in practice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - اجرای آﻣﻮزﺵ ﮐﻼﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس (فلیپ) در دوره ریدینگ: بررسی توانایی درک مطلب زبان آموزان ایرانی و دیدگاه های آنها
Fatemeh Ebrahimnezhad Shirvaniپژوهش حاضر به بررسی آﻣﻮزﺵ ﮐﻼﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس (فلیپ) در دوره خواندن زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی و دیدگاه آنها پرداخته است. بدین منظور تعداد 30 زبان آموز مقطع پیش متوسطه بر اساس نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. یک پیش آزمون در ابتدای ترم انجام شد تا از داشتن پیشینه زبانی یکسان شرکت Moreپژوهش حاضر به بررسی آﻣﻮزﺵ ﮐﻼﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس (فلیپ) در دوره خواندن زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی و دیدگاه آنها پرداخته است. بدین منظور تعداد 30 زبان آموز مقطع پیش متوسطه بر اساس نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. یک پیش آزمون در ابتدای ترم انجام شد تا از داشتن پیشینه زبانی یکسان شرکت کنندگان اطمینان حاصل شود. سپس به صورت تصادفی آنها در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (هر گروه 15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. این روش آموزشی در 12 جلسه با گروه آزمایش اجرا شد و گروه کنترل به روش سنتی آموزش مهارت خواندن را دریافت کردند. در پایان آموزش، پس آزمون خواندن برای هر دو گروه تعیین شد تا تأثیر مثبت آموزش فلیپ بر پیشرفت خواندن زبان آموزان تعیین شود. علاوه بر این، پرسشنامه مرتبط با گروه آزمایش برای بررسی دیدگاه آنها در مورد روش مذکور اجرا شد. با انجام این مطالعه مشخص شد که آﻣﻮزﺵ ﮐﻼﺳﯽ ﻣﻌﮑﻮس بر عملکرد خواندن دانشآموزان تأثیر مثبت دارد. پژوهش تجربی نیز بیانگر دیدگاه مثبت زبان آموزان نسبت به این روش تدریس ارتباطی است. در مجموع، رضایت کلی شرکت کنندگان از روش آﻣﻮزﺵ فلیپ در این تحقیق به دست آمد. شایان ذکر است که یافتههای کار حاضر میتواند شواهدی را در اختیار دانشآموزان و معلمان قرار دهد که نشان میدهد آموزش کلاسی ﻣﻌﮑﻮس (فلیپ) میتواند برای بهبود مهارت درک مطلب زبان آموزان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Effect of Using Advance Organizers on Improving Collocational Knowledge of Iranian EFL Learners in MALL-Oriented Classrooms
Elahe Ghorbani Leila Akbarpour -
Open Access Article
29 - English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Proactive Classroom Management Strategies and Their Self-Efficacy
Faranak Fadaei Abdorreza Tahriri -
Open Access Article
30 - Determining the Effect of Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) towards EFL Students’ Reading Comprehension Achievement and Perspectives
Welly Ardiansyah Risnawati - Zakaria - Wasitoh Meirani -
Open Access Article
31 - Teachers’ Opinions and Practices Regarding Reading Comprehension Classes
Azam Nazari Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
32 - Study on gentic diversity of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L. using microstatellite ISSR markers in three provinces of Iran
N. Palvaneh E. Soleyman-Nejadian R. Radjabi F. Yaghout nejadMicrosatellite markers ISSR were used for isolation of Apis mellifera L. from populations of Kurdistan, Khuzestan and Esfahan. DNA was extracted from worker bees by optimized salting method. Reproducing was done by 4 pairs of ISSR Primers. The obtained bands were visibl MoreMicrosatellite markers ISSR were used for isolation of Apis mellifera L. from populations of Kurdistan, Khuzestan and Esfahan. DNA was extracted from worker bees by optimized salting method. Reproducing was done by 4 pairs of ISSR Primers. The obtained bands were visible using 2% agaroz gel & satining with ethidium bromaid. The Bands pattern was recorded by presence (1) or absence (0) method. Total of 45 bands were observed which of 84.52 were diffrent.The cluster analysis based on jaccard similarity cofficient indicated the genetic distance. Populations of Kurdistan & Khuzestan were located in group (I) and Esfahan in group (II). Therefore, populations of Kurdistan and Khuzestan provinces showed the highest similarity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Evaluation of genetic diversity in indigenous breeds of Iranian silkworm Bombyx mori using ISSR markers
M. Zarei E. Sanatgar R. Radjabi H. Shouhani M. Ibrahim Ghaleh SeyediISSR molecular marker, in order to isolate the Iranian native Bombyx mori silkworm breeds were used. Extracted DNA by using phenol-chloroform was performed. The qualitative and quantitative measurements of extracted DNA and its dilution, was obtained from the bands on 1 MoreISSR molecular marker, in order to isolate the Iranian native Bombyx mori silkworm breeds were used. Extracted DNA by using phenol-chloroform was performed. The qualitative and quantitative measurements of extracted DNA and its dilution, was obtained from the bands on 1.5% agarose gel and they marked and analyzed. The results showed that the observed bands were between 200-1000 bp and the most bands were observed corresponding to Harati-yellow with 32 bands and Khorasani-lemon had their lowest with 25 bands. Second Primers were the highest number of bands with 43 bands and the fourth primer had the lowest number of bands with 30 bands. Cluster analysis of races, placed them in three main groups. The first groups consisted of Gilani-orange, Harati-yellow and Khorasani-pink, Khorasani-lemon and Baghdadi races placed in seprate groups. In cluster analysis, Gilani-orange showed the most similar to Herati-yellow and this two races with khorasani-pink were the first group. The most genetic similarity were between Gilani-orange and Herati–yellow and the most genetic distance was obtained between Baghdadi and other four races. It is concluded that, ISSR marker can seperate different races of silkworm with different origin very well.there fore to approve the it is suitalle to use more than more than 30 primer for 14 silkworm individuals with 2n= 28 is better. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Role of Social Problem Solving Skills and Classroom Management in Predicting Job Burnout of High School Teachers in North Khorasan Province
Mahnaz Silaneh Kiumars Niazazari Negin JabbariThe aim of this research was investigate the role of social problem solving skills and classroom management in predicting job burnout of high school teachers in North Khorasan province. The present study design was descriptive from type of cross-sectional. The study pop MoreThe aim of this research was investigate the role of social problem solving skills and classroom management in predicting job burnout of high school teachers in North Khorasan province. The present study design was descriptive from type of cross-sectional. The study population was the first and second secondary schools teachers of the of North Khorasan province in the 2019-2020 academic years with number of 6762 people. The research sample based on Cochran's formula was estimated 372 people who were selected by multistep cluster sampling method. The research instruments were the questionnaires of D’Zurilla & et al social problem solving skills (2002), researcher-made classroom management and Maslach & Jackson job burnout (1981). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS software version 21. The results of Pearson correlation coefficients showed that social problem solving skills (r=-0/45) and classroom management (r=-0/37) had a negative and significant relationship with job burnout of high school teachers. Also, social problem solving skills and classroom management were able to predict 31% of their job burnout changes, which in this predicting the share of social problem solving skills was higher than classroom management (p < 0/05). The results of the present study showed the effective role of social problem solving skills and classroom management in predicting job burnout of high school teachers. As a result, planning is needed to reduce their job burnout by improving social problem solving skills and classroom management. Therefore, officials and specialists in the field of education can use the results of this research and similar research to design programs to reduce job burnout of teachers and using qualified and capable professors to implement them in the form of in-service courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Predicting the social responsibility based on organizational learning and classroom management in high school teachers
Aboutaleb Saadatee Shamir Alireza Azimifar Yasamen Zeinab ZahmatkeshThis research aimed to predicting the social responsibility based on organizational learning and classroom management in high school teachers. This study was descriptive from type of correlation. The study population was high school teachers in Karaj city in the academi MoreThis research aimed to predicting the social responsibility based on organizational learning and classroom management in high school teachers. This study was descriptive from type of correlation. The study population was high school teachers in Karaj city in the academic years of 2019-2020 and from them 234 people estimate based on Cochran's formula that were selected by stratified random sampling method with respect of gender and living area (urban and rural). The research instruments were the questionnaires of social responsibility (Qalavandi & et al, 2014), organizational learning (Neefe, 2001) and researcher-made classroom management. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS-21 software. The findings showed that organizational learning and classroom management had a positive and significant relationship with social responsibility and these two variables were able to significantly predict 22 percent of the variance of teachers' social responsibility (p < 0.01). Regarded to the relationship and role of organizational learning and classroom management in predicting teachers' social responsibility, planning by education officials and planners is necessary to improve their social responsibility. As a result, to increase teachers' social responsibility can be improved the organizational learning and classroom management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The relationship of management consist creativeness style class with quality of life in school and the students ' anxiety
Amir hozhabri hamid shafizadhBackground: Classroom management is one of the most important educational challenges in schools. If classroom management does not work well, even if teachers have good teaching skills, communication in the course of teaching is also impaired. Purpose: The purpose of thi MoreBackground: Classroom management is one of the most important educational challenges in schools. If classroom management does not work well, even if teachers have good teaching skills, communication in the course of teaching is also impaired. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between classroom-based classroom management and quality of life in school and student anxiety. Method: The research method of this study was a descriptive-correlational design. The statistical population of the study includes all students in the first grade of high school in Varamin city in the academic year of 1995-96, which are 7100 people. The sample size was 364 people using the Morgan table. For collecting data, three Wolfgang and Glickman classes’ management questionnaires (1986), Anxiety Inventory (BAI) from Airon Berg et al. (1990) and Quality of Life Questionnaire at Anderson and Brock School (2000) were used. Validity of the questionnaires was content and their reliability was calculated and validated by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The correlation coefficient between the classroom of interactive classroom management and students' anxiety was -0.410, which is significant at 99% level (P <0.01). In addition, the correlation coefficient between the interactive classroom management style and the quality of life in the students' school is 0/529, which is significant at 99% level (P <0.01). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the classroom management styles only between the interactive classroom management style that is closely related to creativity and students' anxiety level. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between classroom management styles only between interactive classroom management style and quality of life in students' schools. Manuscript profile -
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37 - The relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs
Seyed Mosa Tabatabaee Farideh Nasiri Khadijeh Sadat TabatabaeeThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs. For this purpose, a descriptive-correlational research design was used. The statisti MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs. For this purpose, a descriptive-correlational research design was used. The statistical population of this research is all the male and female students of the second year of Semnan secondary school in the academic year 1401-1400, of which 220 were randomly selected. The research data were collected by Abedi's creativity questionnaires, the perceived structure of the classroom (Mighli et al.) and the basic psychological needs of LaGuardia et al. And then statistical analysis was done using structural equation modeling with SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the effect of mastery and functional goal orientation on basic needs is positive and significant. Also, there is a significant relationship between basic needs and creativity; But the effect of avoidance goal orientation on basic needs is not significant. Another finding of the present research indicates that the effect of three exogenous variables of mastery, performance and avoidance goal orientation on creativity is not significant. In this way, no meaningful relationship has been directly seen between goal orientation and creativity; But when the fulfillment of basic needs in the individual is strengthened by increasing the level of independence, competence and communication, creativity can be promoted in the objective structure of the classroom. Manuscript profile -
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38 - The relationship between teacher-class management style and students' creativity Providing students with psychological well-being
Mohammad Mahdi Shariatbagheri Azadeh ShamsaiiAbstract The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between teacher's class management style and students' creativity through mediation of psychological well-being among high school students. The research method was descriptive (non-experimental) a MoreAbstract The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between teacher's class management style and students' creativity through mediation of psychological well-being among high school students. The research method was descriptive (non-experimental) and design was a correlation type design. The statistical population of the study is all female high school students in Chahardangeh (about 1100) and their teachers (about 130 people) in the academic year of 1966-97. Among the statistical population, a sample of 285 students for students and 97 individuals for teachers was selected and a simple random sampling method was used based on the list of names of teachers and students. The data gathering tool was Abedi's Creator Questionnaire (1363), Reif's Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (2002), and Hui's Classroom Style Management Questionnaire (2000). First, after coordinating with the education authorities of Chardenghe city and providing necessary licenses, then coordinating with high school principals and giving explanations to authorities and students about how to do research and how to complete the questionnaires, teachers of the classroom management style questionnaire Hui, 2000) and students completed the questionnaire of creativity (2000) and the psychological well-being questionnaire (Reif, 2002). Finally, data analysis was performed. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics of mean and variance and inferential statistics of Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were used. To accelerate the results, the spss and LISREL software were used. Results showed that there is a relationship between the style of teacher class management and students' creativity by mediating the psychological well-being of high school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Comparison of the effectiveness of reverse classroom and classroom based on social networks on creativity and self-directed learning of students in Abdanan boys' vocational schools
Hoshang khoshnood Saeed Bakhtiarpoor sasan bavi reza pashaAim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a reverse classroom and a classroom based on social networks on students' creativity and self-directed learning. Method: The method of the present study is a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a contro MoreAim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a reverse classroom and a classroom based on social networks on students' creativity and self-directed learning. Method: The method of the present study is a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group. The study population was all high school students in Abdanan city. In this project, 60 students were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into 3 groups: reverse classroom, classroom based on social networks and traditional classroom (control group). Torrance Creativity Questionnaire and Questionnaires were administered as pre-test and post-test for the groups. Findings: The results of multivariate analysis of covariance indicate a significant and positive effect of reverse classroom and classroom based on social networks, classroom education on creativity and self-directed learning variables. The results also showed that the reverse classroom compared to the classroom based on social networks, has a more positive effect on creativity and self-directed learning. Manuscript profile -
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40 - The mediating role of emotional creativity in Relationship between classroom management and teacher emotions of Farhangian University professors
Maryam sadat Baghri mousavi Parvin Kadivar Abbas HabibzadehProper management of the classroom is one of the most important factors in improving the performance of learners, and performance improvement is one of the ultimate goals of educational systems. Therefore, it is necessary to know the factors influencing class management MoreProper management of the classroom is one of the most important factors in improving the performance of learners, and performance improvement is one of the ultimate goals of educational systems. Therefore, it is necessary to know the factors influencing class management. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the mediating role of emotional creativity in the relationship between teachers' emotions and classroom management at Farhangian University. The research method was descriptive-correlational using structural equation modeling and the statistical population of all professors of Farhangian University with a population of 7000 people that by random cluster sampling, 400 people were selected as the sample size. The tools used included:, Chen Emotion Questionnaire (2016), (Reliability 0.76), Wolfgang & Glickman Class Management Questionnaire (1986), (Reliability 0.767) and April Emotional Creativity Questionnaire (1991), (Reliability 0.796) were used. . The collected data were analyzed using path coefficient and t-statistic and structural equation method using SPSS software version 23 and Amos version 24. The Sobel test was also used to measure the effect of the mediating variable. The results showed that the relationship between classroom management and teachers 'emotions is negative and significant, and emotional creativity as a mediating variable improves the relationship between teachers' emotions and classroom management. Overall, the results showed that the research data has a desirable and acceptable fit and supports the research model.Keywords: Classroom Management, Teacher Emotions, Emotional Creativity. Farhangian University professors. Manuscript profile -
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41 - Assessing the Classroom Socio-Psychological Environment in order to Identify School Internal Structure and its Relation with Student’s Creativity
Hamed Khani Hasan Fazeli Yousef Karimi Mousa Bandak Nasibeh Pargari Purpose: Since the classroom environment is important in the process of teaching and learning as well as emotional and cognitive development of students, therefore, the primary purpose of this study is assessing the classroom Socio-psychological in order to ident More Purpose: Since the classroom environment is important in the process of teaching and learning as well as emotional and cognitive development of students, therefore, the primary purpose of this study is assessing the classroom Socio-psychological in order to identify school internal structure and its relation with student’s creativity in 2010-2011 academic year. Method: The present study is an applied research, and according to its method of collecting data it is considered to be a descriptive-survey study. Its statistical population consists of all male fifth grade students in public elementary school in 2010-2011 academic year. Some 378 students were selected through combining methods; multistage cluster sampling and proportional stratified sampling. Two researcher-made questionnaires were used for collecting data (classroom Socio- psychological environment questionnaire with 48 items and creativity questionnaire with 18 items). Their face validity were investigated, and their reliability (0/84) and (0/76) were calculated and confirmed through Corenbach’s alpha coefficient. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percent, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (binomial test and stepwise multiple regression) were used for describing and analyzing the collected data. Result(s): The findings of the study indicate that for the fifth grade students some of the components (having teacher support, maintaining order and organizing contents) are assessed desirable, some other components (participation, mutual interests among students, importance to work and homework, observing and applying the rules and regulations) are assessed as relatively desirable, and educational innovation was considered as undesirable component. The results of stepwise multiple regressions in the study also showed that the three components of Socio- psychological environment (educational innovation, having teacher support, and mutual interests among students) have the power of anticipating creativity. Conclusion: Sincere and warm environment and emotional learning can promote teachers and students creativity, and thus it can lead to school improvement. Since classroom environment is the main decision maker of class behavior and learning therefore, to some extent it is able to anticipate the creativity of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Modeling academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, classroom environment perception, and socioeconomic status mediated by stress coping styles
Shima Vafa Mina Mojtabaie Nasrin Bagheri Khadije Abolmaali AlhoseiniPurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descri MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study was to present a model of academic anxiety based on parent-child perception, perception of classroom environment and socioeconomic status by mediating stress coping styles in students. Methodology: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The population of the study consisted of all female secondary school students in Tehran public schools who were studying in the academic year of 2015-2016. The sample size consisted of 480 secondary school girl students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Students' Questionnaires on Classroom Perception Questionnaires Made by Fraser, Fisher, and MacRobbie (1996); And responded to the Thames (2007) socioeconomic status questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Findings: The results showed that the structural model of the research assumes that the variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship perception, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate stress coping styles, the present variable of academic anxiety Predicted and fitted to the data collected. Conclusion: The variables of socioeconomic status, parent-child relationship, and perception of classroom environment, both directly and indirectly, mediate the current stressor coping styles predicting academic anxiety. Manuscript profile -
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43 - Self-Regulatory Model of Learning based on Intelligence Beliefs and Classroom Atmosphere Perception Mediated by Self-Efficacy in Gifted Students
Mahsa Jourabi Asrejadid Mansoureh Shahriari Ahmadi Mahdieh Salehi Mahnaz EstakiPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate a self-regulatory model of learning based on intelligence beliefs and classroom perception mediation of self-efficacy in gifted students. Methodology: The present study was applied, in terms of purpose and descriptive a MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate a self-regulatory model of learning based on intelligence beliefs and classroom perception mediation of self-efficacy in gifted students. Methodology: The present study was applied, in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational, in terms of data collection method. The statistical population was all gifted high school students in the 2nd and 4th districts of Tehran in the academic year of 2009-2010. Four hundred students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Research tools included the Self-Regulatory Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich et al., 1990), Intelligence belief (Abdolfattah and Yiths, 2006), Classroom Perception atmosphere (Rovy, 2002) and General Self-Efficacy (Sherer et al, 1982). The collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and structural equation modeling by Amos24 and SPSS26 software. Findings: The results showed that the final model had a good fit with the data. Based on the results of direct relationships of research variables showed that intelligence beliefs had a positive and significant effect on self-efficacy and self-regulation of learning, as well as perception of classroom atmosphere on self-efficacy and self-regulation of learning and self-efficacy on self-regulation (P<0.001). The indirect effects of intelligence beliefs and perception of classroom atmosphere on self-regulation of learning through self-efficacy were 0.1215 and 0.1185, respectively, which were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: Considering that factors such as intelligence, motivational and environmental beliefs affect the learning self-regulation and subsquently learning self-regulation has an important role in academic achievement. The results of this study can have important implications for those involved in education and mental health services and families. Manuscript profile -
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44 - Psychometric indicators of the “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire”
mohammad mohammadipourAbstract: The present study aims to investigate the factorial validity and reliability of a “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire” made by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002). In this regard, the students’ perceptions of classro MoreAbstract: The present study aims to investigate the factorial validity and reliability of a “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire” made by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002). In this regard, the students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire was carried out on 360 students (252 girls and 108 boys) who were selected through stratified sampling method from among the students of the Faculty of Humanities at Islamic Azad University of Quchan. In order to assess the questionnaire reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, and to determine the factorial validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied. In line with the results obtained by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002) and Karshky, et al. (2009, 2011), the present study showed that this questionnaire has acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the test is 0.901 and for the subtests, it is between 0.662 and 0.91. Also, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the questionnaire structure has acceptable fit to the data and all the goodness of fit indices confirm the model (AGFI= 0.85, GFI= 0.90, RMSEA= 0.056, RMR= 0.07, CFI= 0.91). So, this questionnaire can be a useful tool for assessing students’ perceptions of classroom activities. Manuscript profile -
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45 - The causal model of academic achievement based on the hardiness and perception of the classroom environment with the mediation of academic engagement
Fozieh Elhampour hamzeh Ganji Kadije Abolmaali AlhosaniAbstract Academic achievement is one of the indicators of the academic success and development of societies. The aim of this study was to explain a model of causal prediction of students' academi achievement based on hardiness and perception of the classroom environment MoreAbstract Academic achievement is one of the indicators of the academic success and development of societies. The aim of this study was to explain a model of causal prediction of students' academi achievement based on hardiness and perception of the classroom environment by mediation of the academic engagement. Research method was correlation. A sample size of 300 of all (1411) male and female students of the third grade in empirical science course of high school in Dezful in 1393-94 was selected using multi-stage random sampling. They answered Kobasa.'S hardiness questionnaire (1994), Reliability =0/68,Index fit (GFI=0/93, RMSEA=0/074), Gentry, Gable and Rizza perception of the classroom environment (2002), Reliability=0/81, (GFI=0/93 (RMSEA=0/063) and Pintrich & De Groot academic engagement (1994), Reliability=0/90, (GFI=0/94, RMSEA=0/058).The data analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results showed that model, was good fit by data. Direct effect of the academic engagement on academic achievement was0/32, perception of the classroom environment on academic engagement was 0/758 and Indirect effect of the perception of the classroom environment on academic achievement by mediation of the academic engagement was0/24, which all (p<0/0001) were meaningful. Effect of the hardiness on academic achievement was -0/29 (p<0/0001) and meaningful. On the whole, hardiness and perception of the classroom environment explained16/7% of the variance of academic achievement and perception of the classroom environment explained 57/9 % of the variance of academic engagement. Thus, it is necessary that planners and teachers provide opportunities for activating and benefiting from challenging assignments for students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - This study aimed to investigate the relationship between motivation and classroom management style mathematical concept of high school students in Tehran District 5 school year is 95-94
fereshte eslami hadi rezghiThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between motivation and classroom management style mathematical concept of high school students in Tehran District 5 school year is 95-94. Methods: A descriptive and correlation. The population in this study to all student MoreThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between motivation and classroom management style mathematical concept of high school students in Tehran District 5 school year is 95-94. Methods: A descriptive and correlation. The population in this study to all students in third year high school students in Tehran District No.5, the volume was made up of 6953 people, of which 365 people (186 boys and 179 girls) using formula Cochran sampling and stratified random sample (stratified society ) were chosen. The data by three questionnaires classroom management styles (Wolfgang and Glickman 1986), math anxiety questionnaire (Wilson2007) and academic motivation questionnaire (Abdkhodaie 1387) were collected. Validity and reliability was approved on the basis of the standard classroom management style questionnaire tool (68/0) in math anxiety questionnaire (vary from 850) and the Academic Motivation Inventory (91/0) for the study of different Cronbach alpha It is calculated. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (percentages, average frequency) as well as at the level of inferential statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used in all aspects of the teacher's classroom management... The results showed that students' mathematical motivation is effective classroom management style. The data analysis also showed that statistically there is a relationship between motivation in mathematics and math self-concept. The findings also showed that motivation and classroom management style have a significant effect on students' math anxiety. Manuscript profile -
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47 - Comparison of effectiveness between flipped versus traditional instructions on perception of class and academic attitude in the girl students of Ahvaz Farhangian university
Mahnaz Khayat Fariba Hafezi Parviz Asgari Marzieh Talebzade ShoushtariThis study aimed at the effectiveness of flipped and traditional instructions over perception of class and academic attitude among the girl students of Farhangian University. The investigation was performed with pre-test & post-test plan having control group. Statis MoreThis study aimed at the effectiveness of flipped and traditional instructions over perception of class and academic attitude among the girl students of Farhangian University. The investigation was performed with pre-test & post-test plan having control group. Statistical society included all girl students of Farhangian university, Fatemeh Zahra center in first semester of 2019-20 academic year. A sample of 36 students was selected through purposeful sampling, then randomly divided into two experiment & control group. Data were gathered using Fraser, Fisher & McRobbie’s perception of class (1996) and Akbari’s academic attitude (2004) questionnaires. The interventional group received flipped instruction as 8 sessions of 120 minutes, weekly. For the control group traditional instruction was performed. The data were analyzed through multivariable analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), single variable analysis (ANCOVA) and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Findings showed significant difference between effectiveness of flipped (P<0.05) versus traditional instruction (P<0.01) on problem-based learning and self-determination. Based on the results of this study, flipped education has more effectiveness on perception of class and academic attitude, compared with traditional instruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Psychometric indicators of the “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire”
mohamad mohamadiporThe present study aims to investigate the factorial validity and reliability of a “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire” made by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002). In this regard, the students’ perceptions of classroom activit MoreThe present study aims to investigate the factorial validity and reliability of a “students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire” made by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002). In this regard, the students’ perceptions of classroom activities questionnaire was carried out on 360 students (252 girls and 108 boys) who were selected through stratified sampling method from among the students of the Faculty of Humanities at Islamic Azad University of Quchan. In order to assess the questionnaire reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, and to determine the factorial validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was applied. In line with the results obtained by Gentry, Gable and Rizza (2002) and Karshky, et al. (2009, 2011), the present study showed that this questionnaire has acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the test is 0.901 and for the subtests, it is between 0.662 and 0.91. Also, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the questionnaire structure has acceptable fit to the data and all the goodness of fit indices confirm the model (AGFI= 0.85, GFI= 0.90, RMSEA= 0.056, RMR= 0.07, CFI= 0.91). So, this questionnaire can be a useful tool for assessing students’ perceptions of classroom activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Designing and Building of E-Learning Applications For SMK Negeri 1 Gunung Talang
Asrul Huda Suci Rahmadani Dedy Irfan Bayu Fajri Murni Sukmawati Noper Ardi -
Open Access Article
50 - The effect of improving the quality of education based on ICT in education
Esmaeil Kazempour Zohreh Shakibaie Peyman Lotfipour The purpose of this research is, investigating the impact of ICT based education on improving the quality of education. The ex post facto-research method was adopted in this resea More The purpose of this research is, investigating the impact of ICT based education on improving the quality of education. The ex post facto-research method was adopted in this research. Statistical society used for the research was 250 ICT based education and 110 classroom-based M.A. students of the Entrepreneurship faculty of Tehran university. 104 ICT based and 100 classroom-based students were randomly selected as sample volume. The instruments for data collecting were two researcher made questionnaires. Validity of questionnaires was content validity and approved by supervisor and consulting advisor of the research. For obtaining the reliability of questionnaires, a pre test of questionnaires was carried out and tested by cronbach alfa coefficient, and reliability coefficient of 0.89 was obtained. The descriptive statistics was used in description of collected data, and t-test was used in testing the hypothesis and investigating the difference between groups. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. The analysis of the data by P<0.05 showed that the hypothesis of the research was confirmed. Research findings show that, ICT based education by providing the opportunity of 24 hours access to educational resources and providing excess study time for learners had the most impact on improving the quality of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Analyzing the Shadow Education System in Iran
Ali Khalkhali Zohreh Shakibaei Narges BaseriThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of formal education and shadow education on school students’ general education behavior. The research was a causal-comparative one. The sample included 600 students that were selected via multi–stage cluste MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of formal education and shadow education on school students’ general education behavior. The research was a causal-comparative one. The sample included 600 students that were selected via multi–stage cluster sampling from Iranian high schools. The data were collected by General Educational Behavior Questionnaire (GBEQ). Also, the data were analyzed by statistics of X2, t, Mann Whitney U. The results showed that there were significant differences between formal education and shadow education in terms of variables such as students’ educational effectiveness, study hours, educational satisfaction, safety and tuition. In fact, in all cases a shadow education system was indicated to be more efficient, effective and satisfying. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Presenting a Conceptual Model for Establishing Healthy Classroom Management
Khalkhali Ali Javad Soleymanpour Masoumeh FardiThis study aims to provide a conceptual model for establishing healthy classroom management in schools. After reviewing the literatures and related theories, 75 components were selected and designed and in an interval scales questionnaire. The internal validity in all a MoreThis study aims to provide a conceptual model for establishing healthy classroom management in schools. After reviewing the literatures and related theories, 75 components were selected and designed and in an interval scales questionnaire. The internal validity in all aspects of the questionnaire according Cronbach's alpha was above 90 percent. Research sample consist of 150 teachers from public schools in Rasht province that randomly chosen by relative sampling method. For Data analysis, Conceptualization process, factor analysis and regression analysis method were used. Factor analysis results showed that healthy classroom with 14 components can be modeled in five principal factors that include: relationship dimension (obvious and cast), motivation (positive and negative), teaches leadership style (healthy and easily), discipline (reasonable, flexible, clear applicable and lawful) and the growth of students (social, spiritual, intellectual and emotional). Also, according to Pearson regression, healthy classroom management has correlation with teacher leadership style 0/258, the growth of the student 0/170, motivation 0/440, discipline 0/783 and communication 0/569. Also the path analysis model showed that how much each of the five factors can predict healthy classroom management. As lateral finding, the correlation between each identified five factors was calculated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - کلاس زبان مفید: مطالعه کیفی با استفاده از تکنیک حادثه بحرانی
پویا درود مسعود ذوقی هانیه دواتگری اصلیک کلاس درس زبان موثر یک محیط چند وجهی و پیچیده است که ابعاد مختلفی را در بر می گیرد و درتحقیق دانشگاهی باهمیت به سزایی دارد. اطلاعات کافی در مورد تجارب و تصورات زبان آموزان در مورد کلاس های آموزشی سازنده زبان انگلیسی در دسترس نیست. این تحقیق بر درک چگونگی احساس و تجربه Moreیک کلاس درس زبان موثر یک محیط چند وجهی و پیچیده است که ابعاد مختلفی را در بر می گیرد و درتحقیق دانشگاهی باهمیت به سزایی دارد. اطلاعات کافی در مورد تجارب و تصورات زبان آموزان در مورد کلاس های آموزشی سازنده زبان انگلیسی در دسترس نیست. این تحقیق بر درک چگونگی احساس و تجربه یادگیری موثر در کلاس درس دانش جویان ایرانی که در حال یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی هستند، متمرکز شده است. مطالعه حاضر بر اساس یک مطالعه پدیدارشناختی است که در آن ادراک شرکت کنندگان در مورد یادگیری موثر در کلاس مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این تحقیق از روش مصاحبه حادثه بحرانی برای جمعآوری اطلاعات از 30 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد با تجربه گستردگی یادگیری انگلیسی استفاده کرد که به نظر میرسید قادر به ارائه بینشهای ارزشمند در مورد موضوع بودند. لذا شرکت کنندگان به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. فرآیند تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها به شناسایی موضوعات مهم 1) توجه به نظرات فراگیران 2) انتقال مطالب 3) اشتیاق به تدریس 4) شایستگی مربیان 5) محیط یادگیری و 6) فرآیند یادگیری منجر شده است. یافته های مطالعه حاضر منجر به ارائه توصیه هایی برای محققان در حوزه یادگیری زبان شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - تاثیر کلاس مجازی و حقیقی بر توسعه کاربردشناسی بین زبانی: میکروبلاگینگ در مقایسه با آموزش سنتی کنشهای گفتاری به فراگیران ایرانی انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی
فاطمه داورزنی حسین طالب زادهعلی رغم این واقعیت که به نظر می رسد یادگیری در دنیای مجازی تآثیر قابل ملاحظه ای در تقویت توانایی های زبان آموزان در حوزه ی مهارت ها و تبحرها دارد، این پدیده توجه قابل ملاحظه ای در بهبود آموزش کاربرد زبان در محیط آموزشی ایرانی دریافت نکرده است. مطالعه ی حاضر مبادرت به پژ Moreعلی رغم این واقعیت که به نظر می رسد یادگیری در دنیای مجازی تآثیر قابل ملاحظه ای در تقویت توانایی های زبان آموزان در حوزه ی مهارت ها و تبحرها دارد، این پدیده توجه قابل ملاحظه ای در بهبود آموزش کاربرد زبان در محیط آموزشی ایرانی دریافت نکرده است. مطالعه ی حاضر مبادرت به پژوهش درباره ی تآثیر آموزش مجازی و واقعی تدریس کنش های گفتاری بر آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی از کاربردهای زبان نمود. بدین منظور 57 نفر زبان آموز مونث زبان انگلیسی از طریق یک تست هم سطح سازی، انتخاب شدند. شرکت کننده ها به دو گروه آزمایشی آموزش مجازی و واقعی در کلاس تقسیم شدند. ایشان از سه مرحله ی پیش آزمون، مداخله میانی و پس آزمون عبور کردند و اطلاعات برای مطالعه ی حاضر از طریق سه امتحان جمع آوری شد. یافته ها نشان داد که آموزش کنش های زبانی به هر دو طریق مجازی و واقعی کلاس درس برای تقویت آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی که انگلیسی را به عنوان یک زبان خارجی در محیط ایرانی یاد می گیرند،از کاربردهای زبان، کارآمد بود. درعین حال، تدریس کنش گفتارها از طریق آموزش کلاسی مفیدتر بود، و بهتر توانست آگاهی زبان آموزان ایرانی از کارکرد زبان را بهبود بخشد. یافته های این تحقیق می تواند، برای معلمان زبان انگلیسی،زبان آموزان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی و تهیه کنندگان مواد آموزشی در حوزه ی زبان انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی در محیط ایرانی استفاده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - زنجیرههای پرسش- تقلا- پاسخ- بازخورد و تاثیر ضدآموزشی آن
امیر مرزبان باقر یعقوبی مجتبی قلندریزنجیره های پرسش- پاسخ- بازخورد رایج ترین شبکه تعاملی در بافت کلاسی است. این زنجیره ها به صورت گسترده در مطالعات پیشین بررسی شده­اند و تاثیر منفی آنها در مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان مکرراً گزارش شده است (کاسپر2006، کزدن2001، الیس1994). در تمامی این مطالعات زنجیره­ها Moreزنجیره های پرسش- پاسخ- بازخورد رایج ترین شبکه تعاملی در بافت کلاسی است. این زنجیره ها به صورت گسترده در مطالعات پیشین بررسی شده­اند و تاثیر منفی آنها در مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان مکرراً گزارش شده است (کاسپر2006، کزدن2001، الیس1994). در تمامی این مطالعات زنجیره­های پرسش- پاسخ- بازخورد عمدتاً به عنوان الگوهای تعاملی ثابت و غیرقابل انعطاف در نظر گرفته شده­اند. بر اساس داده های به دست آمده از ضبط ویدئویی از ده کلاس آموزش زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی که در قالب گفتگوکاوی تجزیه و تحلیل شده­اند ، این پژوهش گونه تغییر شکل یافته ای از این زنجیره تعاملی را مشاهده نمود که زنجیره پرسش- تقلا- پاسخ- بازخورد نام­گذاری شده است . در این مطالعه نشان می­دهیم که زنجیره­های پرسش-تقلا- پاسخ- بازخورد حتی فرصت­های محدود زنجیره­های پرسش- پاسخ- بازخورد را از بین می­برند. این کار پژوهشی به مدرسان زبان توصیه می­کند که از استعمال زنجیره­های پرسش-تقلا- پاسخ- بازخورد در کلاس های خود خودداری کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - رابطه میان هوش بین فردی و میان فردی، اضطراب تدریس، و باورهای مدیریت کلاس در میان اساتید زبان تخصصی
مودت سعیدی زهره بیات شهبازیهدف مطالعه ی حاضر بررسی رابطه ی میان هوش بین فردی و میان فردی، اضطراب تدریس، و باورهای مدیریت کلاس در میان اساتید زبان تخصصی با رویکرد تحقیقی همبستگی بود. بدین منظور، ۹۸ استاد زبان تخصصی، بخشهای مربوط به این دو هوش از پرسشنامه ی مکنزی، پرسشنامه ی اضطراب تدریس، و ا Moreهدف مطالعه ی حاضر بررسی رابطه ی میان هوش بین فردی و میان فردی، اضطراب تدریس، و باورهای مدیریت کلاس در میان اساتید زبان تخصصی با رویکرد تحقیقی همبستگی بود. بدین منظور، ۹۸ استاد زبان تخصصی، بخشهای مربوط به این دو هوش از پرسشنامه ی مکنزی، پرسشنامه ی اضطراب تدریس، و ابزار سنجش باورهای مدیریت آموزشی و رفتاری را تکمیل کردند. نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون، رابطه ی معنادار و منفی میان هوش بین فردی و باورهای مدیریت کلاس را آشکار ساخت در حالیکه درمیان هوش میان فردی و باورهای مدیریت کلاس ارتباطی یافت نشد. نتایج مشابهی در مورد رابطه ی این دو هوش و اضطراب تدریس در میان اساتید زبان تخصصی بدست آمد. علاوه بر این، رابطه ی معنادار و منفی میان اضطراب تدریس و باورهای مدیریت کلاس اساتید زبان تخصصی پیدا شد. نتایج تحلیل رگراسیون حاکی از نقش پیش بینی کننده ی هوش بین فردی برای باورهای مدیریت کلاس اساتید زبان تخصصی بود. علاوه بر این، آزمون تی مستقل نشان داد که اساتید زبان و رشته ی تخصصی که زبان تخصصی را ارائه می نمایند از نظر اضطراب تدریس و باورهای مدیریت کلاس، تفاوت معناداری دارند. نتایج در پرتو مطالعات پیشین مورد بحث قرار گرفته و برخی کاربردهای آن برای دوره های آموزشی مدرسان زبان تخصصی ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
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57 - گفتگوکاویِ نحوه پرسش معلمانِ زبان انگلیسی و بسترسازی فضای یادگیری در تعاملات کلاسی
باقر یعقوبی فاطمه مظفریدانشگاه مازندران پژوهش های انجام شده در زمینه نحوه پرسش معلمان در تعاملات کلاسی،عمدتاً کمی و معطوف به شناسایی انواع پرسش ها و نقش آنها درمرتفع ساختن ابهامات مفهومی در یادگیری بوده است. پژوهش حاضر با بهره گیری از تئوری اجتماعی- فرهنگی ویگوتسکی و دیدگاه گفتگوکاوی، به بررس Moreدانشگاه مازندران پژوهش های انجام شده در زمینه نحوه پرسش معلمان در تعاملات کلاسی،عمدتاً کمی و معطوف به شناسایی انواع پرسش ها و نقش آنها درمرتفع ساختن ابهامات مفهومی در یادگیری بوده است. پژوهش حاضر با بهره گیری از تئوری اجتماعی- فرهنگی ویگوتسکی و دیدگاه گفتگوکاوی، به بررسی کیفی رابطه ممکن بین پرسشهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی وایجاد وبستر سازی فضای یادگیری می پردازد. جهت جمع آوری داده ها، میانکنش های یازده کلاس (هفت معلم) ضبط و تصویربرداری شد؛ سپس تعاملات ضبط شده به صورت نوشتاری تهیه گردید.تحلیل نوبت به نوبت تعاملات نشان داده است که صرفا تعداد اندکی از پرسشهای معلمان فرصت های مشارکت و فضای یادگیری موثری را برای زبان آموزان ایجادمی کنند. علاوه بر این، چهار نوع پرسش موثرشناسایی شد: پرسشهایی که پاسخگویی را آسان تر می کنند، پرسشهایی که ابعاد اساسی بحث را برجسته می کنند، پرسشهایی که نظر سایر زبان آموزان را می پرسند وپرسشهای متوالی که تعامل را ادامه می دهند. مشاهدات و تحلیل ها نشان می دهد که پرسشهای معلمان تنها برای یافتن پاسخ از سوی زبان آموزان نیست بلکه آنها ابزارهای تعاملی مناسبی در جهت درک و مشارکت بیشتر زبان آموزان درتعاملات کلاسی هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Effectiveness of Teachers Training in the Effective Classroom Management on the Behavioral and Cognitive Engagement of Semnan Primary School Students
tahere heidarilaghab Aliakbar Aminbeidokhti siavash talepasandThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teachers’ traininig in effective classroom management on students’ behavioral and cognitive academic engagement. Research plan, experimental pretest-posttest control group with follow-up testing MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teachers’ traininig in effective classroom management on students’ behavioral and cognitive academic engagement. Research plan, experimental pretest-posttest control group with follow-up testing was used. The population of this research included all female teachers with work experience under 10 years from seaman elemetary secondary schools (fourth to sixth grades) and their class students. The participants of intervention program were 32 teachers with their class students chosen and participated in simple random replacement method in experimental and control groups (each group, n=16). Then, the intervention was performed for the teachers in experimental group during 15 two hours sessions. The data gathering tool was the questionnaire of Reeve and Tseng academic engagement (2011) completed by the students in both groups. Data analysis was performed using Multivariate in spss software. The results showed that training teachers in effective classromm management skills increased the mean scores of students of the experimental group in academic engagement and its dimensions including behavioral and cognitive academic engagement compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the results proved to be stable in a time lapse of two months. Based on the results, it can be concluded that training teachers of classroom management skills is effective on students' academic engagement. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate the importance of training teachers in classroom management skills in improving student's academic engagement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The Effectiveness of the Flipped Classroom Teaching Method on the Components of Academic Optimism in Mathematics
Reza Shahi Mahdi Eyvazi Nayyer Heydari KalajehThe important mission of education is to help the all-round development of students intellectually, behaviorally and attitudinally. Academic optimism is considered one of the most important components of attitudinal growth and a complement to the intellectual and behavi MoreThe important mission of education is to help the all-round development of students intellectually, behaviorally and attitudinally. Academic optimism is considered one of the most important components of attitudinal growth and a complement to the intellectual and behavioral growth of students, which has attracted the attention of education specialists and researchers in this field. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effect of the flipped classroom teaching method on the components of academic optimism in mathematics. The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research includes all the students of the 6th grade of elementary school in Varzeghan city, firstly, 34 people were selected by the available sampling method, then two experimental groups (17 people) were randomly selected due to the homogeneity of the samples. and control (17 people) were replaced. To collect data, the Academic Optimism Questionnaire (AOQ) of Schennen Moran et al. (2013) was used with a reliability of 0.93 for the whole test. Research hypotheses were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance method and SPSS26 software. The findings showed that the flipped classroom teaching method significantly increases students' academic optimism in the components of student trust in the teacher (P<0.001), academic emphasis (P=0.013) and school unity (P=0.015). As a result, the flipped classroom teaching method is considered one of the most effective methods of developing academic optimism, which is recommended to sixth grade teachers. Manuscript profile -
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60 - Investigating the Relationship among University Teachersʼ personality Traits, Classroom Leadership Style, and Efficacy through Self-Evaluation: Providing a Structural Model
Payman Yarmihammadzadeh Ayoub Feizi Kouyestan Mohammadian Amaneh Hgh AtabayThis study aims at investigating the relationship among university teachersʼ personality traits, classroom leadership style, and teaching efficacy. The population of this descriptive, casual-correlational study consisted of all faculty members of Shahid Madani in the ac MoreThis study aims at investigating the relationship among university teachersʼ personality traits, classroom leadership style, and teaching efficacy. The population of this descriptive, casual-correlational study consisted of all faculty members of Shahid Madani in the academic year2015-2016, out of which 138 were selected using stratified sampling method. The research instruments included the Big Five Inventory of personality traits (NEO), the Halpin leadership styles questionnaire (LBDQ), and a researcher-made questionnaire of teaching efficacy. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling with SPSS and Amos software were used. The results showed that personality traits components (extroversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness) had a positive and significant relationship with teaching efficacy components of scientific ability and scientific behavior (p≤ 0.05). Moreover, classroom leadership styles of consideration and initiating structure had a positive and significant relationship with teaching efficacy components (p≤ 0.01). Finally, the obtained data fit the conceptual model, indicating that personality traits and classroom leadership styles can account for the teaching efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - A study of investigating the use of mobile phones among high-school male and female students in Sanandaj City
Rafigh HasaniThe present study aimed at investigating the rate of using mobile phones in classroom between high-school male and female students in district 1 and 2 in Sanandaj city. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population included 24450 students. Using MoreThe present study aimed at investigating the rate of using mobile phones in classroom between high-school male and female students in district 1 and 2 in Sanandaj city. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population included 24450 students. Using cluster sampling from six male and six female school 42 classroom were chosen, out of which 1042 students were selected through random sampling. The result showed that 82.4 percent had personal mobile and 17.6 percent didn’t have one. Among the students 55.2 percent would take their mobile to school. Those who took mobile to school would put it in silent mode comprise 97.3 percent and only 3.7 percent would have it on. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between gender in reading the SMS and answering it in the classroom. But there wasn’t a significant difference between male and female relating to forwarding SMS while in the class. Concerning the use of Bluetooth there was a significant difference between male and female students. There was a significant difference regarding using mobile for cheating in the examination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Process-Oriented Evaluation at Elementary Schools (a Case Study of Mamaghan Region Education Office)
Firouz Mahmoudi Mohammad Taghi Abdollah Zadeh Mohammad MansourzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers’ familiarity with process-oriented evaluation and their use of process-oriented evaluation in their classes in Mamaghan Elementary school. This is a descriptive – survey research MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between teachers’ familiarity with process-oriented evaluation and their use of process-oriented evaluation in their classes in Mamaghan Elementary school. This is a descriptive – survey research and included all 180 primary school teachers in Mamaghan in the academic year 1392-1393, among whom 127 teachers completed the questionnaires. To collect the data, two researcher-made questionnaires were used. The reliability of the first questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach’s Alpha ).92), and the reliability of the second questionnaire was calculated through spilt-half method (.83). The results showed that teachers were less familiar with process-oriented evaluation and its tools, concepts, characteristic and principles. But, they had a positive attitude toward process-oriented evaluation and used it in their classrooms. The other finding was that teachers` degree and experience did not have a significant relationship with their familiaarty and use of process-oriented evaluation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Relationship between Perception of classroom environment and academic avoidance: The mediating role of self- perception
samira saleh farhad khormaeiThe aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of self-perception (school identification & perceived control) in the relationship between perception of classroom environment and academic avoidance. Method of this research was descriptive and correlation type MoreThe aim of the study was to examine the mediating role of self-perception (school identification & perceived control) in the relationship between perception of classroom environment and academic avoidance. Method of this research was descriptive and correlation type. This research population are all Tehran city students in tenth grade. Participants consisted of 661 students that were selected among tenth grades Tehran high school and art school students using multi-stage cluster random sampling and answered to perception of classroom environment questionnaire (Frasser and collogues, 1996) self-perception scale (Fall and Roberts, 2012) and academic avoidance scale (Khormaiee, 1393). Data analyzed with structural squared modeling by Amos software. Result showed that perception of classroom environment effect on self-perception (school identification, self-control) was significantly positive and on academic avoidance was significantly negative. Conclusion also showed increasing student’s perception of classroom environment can enhance their academic avoidance with creating school identification and perceived control in them. Thus, designing proper educational environment and teaching educational personnel for enhancing self-perception of students to preventing of negative educational outcomes, seems necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Study of the Relationship between the cognitive goal structures of the Classrooms with the University Students’ Personal mastery Goal Orientation
Rahim Badri Gharghari Javad Mesrabadi Shahram vahediThis research was conducted to study the relationship between the classrooms goal structures and mastery goal orientation of university students. The subjects were 187 undergraduate students, including 73 males and 114 females, selected through ratio stratified sampling MoreThis research was conducted to study the relationship between the classrooms goal structures and mastery goal orientation of university students. The subjects were 187 undergraduate students, including 73 males and 114 females, selected through ratio stratified sampling from Education, Social Science and Literature Departments of Azad Islamic Tabriz University. Data was gathered through survey of Blackborns’ Classroom Goal Structures and Bofard & etal.Academic Goal Orientation Questionnaire. The results showed that the interesting and motivated survey class homewoark was the most important predictive factor of students’ mastery goal orientation. In addition, it founded that 19% of the variance of mastery goal orientation was accounted by linear combination of motivated classhomework and mastery evaluation. Data have be analyzed by multiple regression (stepwise) and path analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Genetic assessment of some populations of the medicinal plant Caraway (Carum carvi) using RAPD and ISSR markers
leila fahmideh Lila Jani pour Bahman Fazeli-NasabRAPD and ISSR markers were used in the present study to determine genetic relationship and distance between some populations of Carum carvi. Amplification of genomic DNA all population using RAPD analysis yielded 126 fragments, where TIBMBA02 and TIBMBA08 had the minimu MoreRAPD and ISSR markers were used in the present study to determine genetic relationship and distance between some populations of Carum carvi. Amplification of genomic DNA all population using RAPD analysis yielded 126 fragments, where TIBMBA02 and TIBMBA08 had the minimum number of fragments (7) and TIBMBC05 had the maximum number of fragments, (22). ISSR marker yielded 79 fragments, where UBC112 and UBC809had the minimum (1) and maximum (15) fragments, respectively. The Diversity Index value of RAPD primers ranged from 0.8 (TIBMBA02) to 0.94 (TIBMBC05) and also Shanoon Diversity and Nei diversity were 0.57 and 0.38, respectively. In ISSR primers The Diversity Index value ranged from 0.0 (UBC112) to 0.92 (UBC809) and also Shanoon Diversity and Nei diversity were 0.57 and 0.39 respectively. According to ISSR and RAPD markers in combination, maximum genetic similarity (0.48) was observed between Kerman and Jandagh Carum carvi while the minimum similarity (0.115) was observed between Kerman and Neishabour Carum carvi with average 0.315. Also, cluster analysis segregated all populations into 3 groups according to geographical zone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Variation on biochemical, phytochemical and genetic diversity of fig (ficus carica) from East Azerbaijan province
akbar ghorbani hamid Hasanpour sezai ErcisliAbstract. Fig (Ficus cariaca) is native to western and eastern mediterranean regions such as western and northwestern of Iran. Iran is one of the important fig producers in the world. In this study, biochemical, phycochemistry characteristics and genetic diversity of 38 MoreAbstract. Fig (Ficus cariaca) is native to western and eastern mediterranean regions such as western and northwestern of Iran. Iran is one of the important fig producers in the world. In this study, biochemical, phycochemistry characteristics and genetic diversity of 38 fig genotypes from Arsbaran in East Azerbaijan province in the Horticulture Laboratory of Urmia University in 2015 were investigated. Biochemical results showed that, TSS, pH, TSS/TA, vitamin c, antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanin, total flavonoid and total phenol were significant (p ≤ 0.01). Most of the studied biochemical traits indicated high variation. The results of the molecular data showed that a total of 131 bands were scored, of which 121 bands (92%) were polymorphic. The amount of polymorphic (PIC) information for the primers used varied from 0.22 to 0.47 in ISSR7 and ISSR20 respectively. Also, marker index were between 0.15 to 2.5 in ISSR7 and ISSR20 respectively. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the studied fig genotypes were classified into two main groups, so that the most of collected genotypes from Kalibar belonged to second group. So it could be concluded that geographic location of the studied fig genotypes is the main reason for their separation by this marker. Based on obtained results, the genotypes Kh9 and H17 were suggested for breeding programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The Study of some Citrus varieties in Northern of Iran by molecular ISSR markers
Babak Babakhani yalda NaghashiRecognition of genetic diversity and kinship relationships in Citrus is necessary for planning and applying breeding programs, preserving biodiversity, recording new cultivars, and performing molecular studies. In this study, the genetic diversity of 29 varieties of Cit MoreRecognition of genetic diversity and kinship relationships in Citrus is necessary for planning and applying breeding programs, preserving biodiversity, recording new cultivars, and performing molecular studies. In this study, the genetic diversity of 29 varieties of Citrus including: oranges, mandarins, sour orange, pummel, and natural types were investigated by using ISSR marker. In total, 97 bands were obtained using eight primers in which 78 bands were polymorph. The highest and the lowest polymorphism were in ISSR-8 and ISSR-5 with 90% and 73%, respectively. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.18, which the highest belonged to ISSR-6 and ISSR-8 (0.27) and the lowest belonged to ISSR-1 (0.12). Dendrogram resulting from cluster analysis of UPGMA method with simple matching similarity coefficient classified varieties into five distinct groups. Pummelo was distinguished from the other genotypes in a single cluster. Unshiu mandarin (Sugiyama) was classified into a group and separated from Clemantine mandarin (Nules). All genotypes including Siavaraz 1, Siavaraz 2, Siavaraz 3, Siavaraz 4, natural types, Parson brown orange and Washington navel orange were clustered into the same group and showed high similarity to gather. The studey of molecular marker can provide useful information about the level of polymorphism and variation in citrus fruits which indicating it’s apply in detection of citrus germplasm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدل انصاف معلم در کلاس درس زبان
Meghdad Sadeghi Valeh Jalali Neda Fatehi Radپژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدلی از عدالت کلاسی معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی با استفاده از طرح روشهای ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی (QUAL + quan) انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان شامل دو گروه بودند. گروه اول 250 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری Moreپژوهش حاضر با هدف تدوین و اعتبارسنجی مدلی از عدالت کلاسی معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی با استفاده از طرح روشهای ترکیبی اکتشافی متوالی (QUAL + quan) انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان شامل دو گروه بودند. گروه اول 250 نفر از مدرسین زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس از طریق گروه های مجازی در شبکه های اجتماعی انتخاب شدند. گروه دوم شرکت کنندگان شامل 150 زبان آموز ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در سطح متوسط از موسسات زبان خصوصی مختلف در ایران بودند که از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس از گروه های مجازی مختلف در واتس اپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای زیر برای جمع آوری داده ها در پژوهش حاضر استفاده شد: مقیاس اطلاعات دموگرافیک و پرسشنامه بسته. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA و مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) و با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی با استفاده از نرم افزارهای SPSS و AMOS 24 انجام شد. در نهایت پایایی مدل توسعهیافته انصاف معلم زبان انگلیسی با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برآورد شد. بر اساس نتایج، مدل انصاف کلاس درس معلم زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی در چهار مؤلفه اصلی شامل انصاف در تدریس، عدالت ارزشیابی، انصاف مدیریت کلاس و انصاف در ارتباطات کلاسی تدوین شد. در نهایت، مدل پیشنهادی انصاف در کلاس معلم زبان انگلیسی معتبر و قابل اعتماد تشخیص داده شد. این یافته ها پیامدهایی برای سیاست گذاران، مربیان معلمان، مدیران آموزش معلمان و توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Integration of Flipped Classroom Model for a Hotel English Course in China
Jing Chen Hyun-Ju Kim -
Open Access Article
70 - An Ethnographic Approach to Exploring Degree of Involvement in Oral Interactions: The case of L2 classrooms
Sousan Sattar Reza Biria Sara Mansouri -
Open Access Article
71 - A Qualitative Investigation of Students' Perceptions of Flipped learning
Shahriar Jalili Hamidreza Khalaji Hossein Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
72 - The Impact of Flipped Classroom on Learning Outcome in a General English Course: Grammar and Vocabulary Gains in Focus
Shakiba Zarinfard Mehrak Rahimi Ahmad Mohseni -
Open Access Article
73 - Impact of Interventionist Dynamic Assessment on Iranian EFL Learners’ L2 Reading Comprehension and Classroom Engagement
Akram Kazemi Mohammadsadegh Bagheri Ehsan Rassaei -
Open Access Article
74 - Pros and Cons of Dancing in the Dark: Enhancing EFL learners' oral proficiency in an unplugged learning community
Elahe Solimani Ahmad Ameri-Golestan Ahmadreza Lotfi -
Open Access Article
75 - Effect of the Flipped Classroom Approach and Language Proficiency on Learner Autonomy and Foreign Language Anxiety
Hamid Parvaneh Masoud Zoghi Nader Asadi -
Open Access Article
76 - The Effect of Blended Learning vs. Classroom Learning Techniques on Iranian EFL Learners’ Writing
Shirin Ghahari Ahmad Ameri-Golestan -
Open Access Article
77 - Iranian EFL Learners’ Understanding of Ubiquitous Learning: Examining Factors Affecting L2 Learner’s Classroom Achievement Using Structural Equation Modeling
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.36.6.2
Maral Azizi Ehsan Rassaei Mohammadsadegh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
78 - EFL Teachers’ Language Proficiency, Classroom Management, and Self-Efficacy
Hamid Marashi Fatemeh Azizi-Nassab -
Open Access Article
79 - Collaborative Flipped Learning through CALL: A Recipe for Realizing Social Presence in Virtual Learning Environments
Mohammad Hossein Hariri Asl S. Susan Marandi Parviz Maftoon -
Open Access Article
80 - Team-teaching and English language Achievement in Iranian High School Classrooms across Genders
Nasrin Mehrvarz Bahambari Valeh Valipour Mohammadreza KodarezaDrawing on the team-teaching model of multiple instruction, this study aimed to investigate the impact of team-teaching on the English language achievement of Iranian high school students. The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-method design, consisting of tw MoreDrawing on the team-teaching model of multiple instruction, this study aimed to investigate the impact of team-teaching on the English language achievement of Iranian high school students. The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed-method design, consisting of two phases for data collection and analysis. In the quantitative phase, 40 male and 40 female students aged 16-18 were conveniently sampled from tenth-grade high schools in Lahijan, Iran. They were divided into two experimental and two control groups. The experimental groups received instruction using the team-teaching model, while the control groups received traditional instruction. Data analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA, which revealed a statistically significant improvement in the performance of the experimental groups compared to the control groups. Due to gender differences, the results showed no significant disparities in the outcomes achieved by male and female students. In the qualitative phase, the same participants from the experimental groups were asked to provide open-ended responses regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the team-teaching method, using a questionnaire developed by Jones and Harris (2012). The responses were carefully examined using open coding techniques, and common themes were identified through systematic comparison of the codes. The findings indicated that team-teaching offered a wide range of benefits. Considering gender differences, it was evident that male participants perceived the benefits of the team-teaching model to outweigh the drawbacks more than their female counterparts. These findings have pedagogical implications for Iranian teachers and theoreticians in the field of English language instruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - ESP Teachers' Language Assessment Literacy and their Perception of Formative Classroom Assessment in Online Courses
Maria Shobeiry Narges Baktash -
Open Access Article
82 - Classroom Participation Scoring in Iranian Private Language Schools: Teachers' Perceptions of Holistic and Analytic Scoring
Vida Javanshire Javad Gholami Zhila Mohammadnia -
Open Access Article
83 - The Effect of Flipped Classroom on Iranian ESP Students’ Vocabulary Learning, Retention and Attitude
zahra Rezaei Fard Mohsen Shahrokhi Mohammad Reza Talebinejad -
Open Access Article
84 - Inspecting Mixed-Ability Group Challenges within Iranian EFL Public High Schools: An Exploratory Study Fatemeh
fatemeh naddafi Marjan Vosoughi Mohammad Ali Kowsary -
Open Access Article
85 - Students’ Perceived Classroom Climate and Their Achievement Goal Orientations in an Iranian EFL Context
Saeedeh Mohammadi Mohammad Aliakbari -
Open Access Article
86 - Pedagogical Utility of Cooperative Writing Technique through Performance-oriented Classroom Structure
Nafiseh Hosseinpour Reza Biria Ehsan Rezvani -
Open Access Article
87 - Reduction of Sub-synchronous Resonances with D-FACTS Devices using intelligent Control ,
Zahra Amini Abbas KargarWhen a turbine–generator set connect to a long transmission line, may results side effects such as Sub-Synchronous Resonances (SSR). The capabilities of the Distributed Static Series Compensator (DSSC) as a member of the family of D-FACTS can be used to reduce the MoreWhen a turbine–generator set connect to a long transmission line, may results side effects such as Sub-Synchronous Resonances (SSR). The capabilities of the Distributed Static Series Compensator (DSSC) as a member of the family of D-FACTS can be used to reduce these SSR. To achieve this desired goal, the fuzzy controller, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and artificial neural network is used to control of the DSSC. Particle swarm optimization is designed Based on the Conventional Damping Controller (CDC) and fuzzy logic is designed based on damping controller (FLBDC) and damping control based on artificial neural network trained using the fast pace of changes has been designed. Stability of the system is analysed by simulations in the time domain with performance index (PI). All simulations are done using Matlab / Simulink software. Case studies show that proposed algorithms can reduce SSR in the system.All simulations are done using Matlab / Simulink software. Case studies show that proposed algorithms can reduce SSR in the system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Effect of Technology-Integrated Multiple Intelligences Instruction on EFL Learners’ Burn Out and Vocabulary Learning
Najmeh Hamzehnejadi Mehry Haddad Narafshan Valeh Jalali -
Open Access Article
89 - Digital Literacy in an EFL Classroom: Does Dynamic Assessment Benefit from the Literacy?
Mohammadreza Raeisi Davood Mashhadi Heidar Mohammadreza Khodareza -
Open Access Article
90 - Developing and Validating a Model of Classroom Management Literacy for Iranian EFL Teachers
Zohreh Jafari Leila Anjomshoa Neda Fatehi Rad -
Open Access Article
91 - Effectiveness of flipped Classroom on Meta-cognitive Skills and Educational Motivation in Conservatory Students
zahra vahidi kambiz poushanehAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of flipped classroom on meta-cognitive skills and academic motivation of 11th grade students of conservatory. The method of this study was quantitative and quasi-experiment with the experimental group and on MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of flipped classroom on meta-cognitive skills and academic motivation of 11th grade students of conservatory. The method of this study was quantitative and quasi-experiment with the experimental group and one control group. The statistical population of this study is all of 11th grade students of conservatory in Isfahan(96-97), which has 11766 students in 427 conservatories. Sampling was done using multi-stage cluster random sampling that Sampling was done from 6 districts of Isfahan city that finally the sample size of the study consisted of two groups: a test group of 30 and a control group of 30.The research tool was a standard metacognitive questionnaire for Khorramdel et al And Hartler's Standard(1980-1981) Higher Education Inventoryquestionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among a number of students for the formal validity of the questionnaires and the validity and reliability of the questions. After ensuring the results, the questionnaires were distributed in the statistical sample. Also, reliability of questionnaires or their reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha method. The Cronbach's alpha for the meta-cognitive correlation scale for adolescents using SPSS software was 0.79 and for Hartre's educational motivation questionnaire.92 is obtained The collected data were analyzed by Mancoa test. The results of data analysis showed that using flippedclassroom methods has a significant effect on metacognitive skills and academic motivation of 11th grade students of conservatory of Isfahan's high schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The effect of classroom management skills training on organizational performance and behaviors with the mediation of cyber security of elementary school teachers in district 18 of Tehran.
yaser jangi hemmat mohammadnejadThe aim of the present study was the effect of classroom management skills training on organizational performance and behaviors with the mediation of cyber security of elementary school teachers in District 18 of Tehran. This applied research was a field data collection MoreThe aim of the present study was the effect of classroom management skills training on organizational performance and behaviors with the mediation of cyber security of elementary school teachers in District 18 of Tehran. This applied research was a field data collection method, and in terms of the descriptive implementation method, it was a survey type. The statistical population included all primary school teachers in the 18th district of Tehran, totaling 320 people, and 175 people were selected as the sample size using the Karjesi and Morgan table and stratified random sampling method. Data collection tools included Wolfgang and Glickman's standard classroom management questionnaires (1986), Hersey and Goldsmith's organizational performance (2002), Luthans et al.'s organizational behavior (2007), and cyber security researcher-made questionnaire. To analyze the data, the descriptive and inferential part was used using structural equation method with Spss and Lisrel software. The results showed that classroom management skills training and its components have an effect on organizational performance and behaviors with the mediation of cyber security of primary school teachers in district 18 of Tehran. that the behavior management component has the greatest impact on organizational behaviors with regard to the mediation of organizational cyber security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Relationship between Cultural Intelligence and Computer Literacy with Teacher’s Classroom Management Style
Farideh Hamidi Majid Ebrahim Damavandi Elham DehnaviThe present research aimed to study the relationship between cultural intelligence and computer literacy with classroom management style among Shahid Rajaee teacher training university students. Statistical population was all teacher students of Shahid Rajaee teacher tr MoreThe present research aimed to study the relationship between cultural intelligence and computer literacy with classroom management style among Shahid Rajaee teacher training university students. Statistical population was all teacher students of Shahid Rajaee teacher training university (800 people). According to Klein (2005), sample size concluded 330 teachers (153 male and 177 female), who were selected through simple random sampling method. Three questionnaires included Cultural Intelligence (CQ), Computer Literacy Self Assessment Scale (CLSAS) and classroom management styles were applied. The reliability of these questionnaires has been 0/97, 0/98 and 0/85 respectively. The statistical method, in order to analizing data, included descriptive statistic (mean, percent, frequency) and inferential statistic (logistic regression). Results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between strategic and behavioral cultural intelligence and teacher-centered classroom management style. A positive significant relationship between computer literacy and student-centered classroom management style. Strategic and behavioral cultural intelligence and computer literacy predicts teachers interactional classroom management style in. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Representation of Students' Experiences of Active Learning in flipped Classroom: Phenomenological Research
mohammadjavad luaghatdar hasan kaviani bibieshrat zamani yasamin abediiniThe present study is qualitative in the field of interpretive studies Using Phenomenology Research Strategy, he is trying to explain the experience of students from active learning in the reciprocal class; Therefore, the unit of research in this study included all stude MoreThe present study is qualitative in the field of interpretive studies Using Phenomenology Research Strategy, he is trying to explain the experience of students from active learning in the reciprocal class; Therefore, the unit of research in this study included all students of undergraduate science education In the first semester of the academic year 1396-1397 in an academic classroom Were trained in flipped classroom Based on the data saturation criterion, 17 students were considered as examples. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview which was analyzed on the basis of the internal method of Van Menen's approach And for accreditation of data, four criteria were used: reliability, portability, reliability and verification capabilities. According to the data obtained, two main components were identified Which was the first case of independent learning, including the following sub-themes: Attention to individual differences, personal feedback, acceptance of learning responsibilities, perceptions and problem solving And the second was a collaborative learning that included the following sub-themes: Interactions, sharing experiences and engaging in the learning process Which can reflect the student's experience of learning to be active in the flipped classroom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم - دانش آموز و دانش آموز - دانش آموز بر احساس کلاس درس از جامعه و مشارکت دانش آموزان در کلاس درس
نیما یمرلی حامد ضرابی نادیا قرنیهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم-دانش آموز و رابطه دانش آموز-دانش آموز بر احساس کلاسی از جامعه و مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان در بین زبان آموزان ایرانی دبیرستانی بود. بدین منظور 300 دانشآموز نوجوان از دبیرستانهای مختلف استان گلستان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی برای شرکت Moreهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم-دانش آموز و رابطه دانش آموز-دانش آموز بر احساس کلاسی از جامعه و مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان در بین زبان آموزان ایرانی دبیرستانی بود. بدین منظور 300 دانشآموز نوجوان از دبیرستانهای مختلف استان گلستان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی برای شرکت در پژوهش انتخاب شدند. برای جمعآوری دادهها، سه پرسشنامه (مقیاس رابطه معلم و دانشآموز و مقیاس ارتباط دانشآموز-دانشآموز، مقیاس احساس جامعه در کلاس و مقیاس مشارکت کلاسی دانشآموزان) بین شرکتکنندگان توزیع شد. در مجموع به 57 مورد 6-Likert توسط دانشجویان پاسخ داده شد. با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA)، همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل میانجیگری، مشخص شد که بین رابطه معلم و دانشآموز و رابطه دانشآموز و دانشآموز و درگیری کلاس و احساس جامعه کلاسی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. علاوه بر آن، مشخص شد که احساس اجتماعی کلاس درس تأثیر مستقیم و معناداری بر مشارکت دانشآموزان دارد. پیامدهای این مطالعه عمدتاً برای معلمان است که با دانشآموزان خود و خود دانشآموزان رابطهای دوستانه برقرار کنند تا بتوانند برای درگیر شدن در فرآیند یادگیری احساس آرامش و امنیت کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - بررسی مهارت های نوبت گیری در یک دوره کلاس هم زمان آنلاین: موارد بررسی جنسیت و سطح زبان آموزان
عزیزه چالاک مهراد کریمیسیستم مهارت نوبت گیری زبان آموزان به دلیل تغییر ناگهانی کلاس های سنتی حضوری به یادگیری مجازی در طول همه گیری کوید 19 تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه به دست آوردن درک دقیق تر از مهارت نوبت گیری دانش آموزان و معلمان در طول تعاملاتشان بود. دادهها از رونوشتهای Moreسیستم مهارت نوبت گیری زبان آموزان به دلیل تغییر ناگهانی کلاس های سنتی حضوری به یادگیری مجازی در طول همه گیری کوید 19 تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه به دست آوردن درک دقیق تر از مهارت نوبت گیری دانش آموزان و معلمان در طول تعاملاتشان بود. دادهها از رونوشتهای صوتی 55 دانشآموز دو کلاس درس زبان انگلیسی متوسط و دو کلاس پیشرفته که بر روی پلتفرم زوم برگزار شده بودند، جمعآوری شد. پس از جمعآوری دادهها، از طریق نسخه اصلاحشده ساکس، شگلوف و مدل جفرسون رونویسی و با استفاده از آزمونهای مجذور کای توسط نرمافزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که معلمان نقش بیشتری در نوبت دهی به دانش آموزان خود داشته اند. علاوه بر این، دانشآموزان پسر نوبت بیشتری میگرفتند و تفاوت معناداری در سیستم نوبتگیری زبانآموزان متوسط و پیشرفته زبان انگلیسی وجود داشت. بنابراین، هم جنسیت و هم سطح مهارت بر الگوهای نوبت دهی در کلاس های آنلاین تأثیر گذاشت. نتایج ممکن است به افزایش آگاهی معلمان نسبت به الگوهای ترجیحی نوبت گیری در یک کلاس درس همزمان مجازی کمک کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - بررسی کیفی راهبردهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی در مدیریت کلاس درس: تکیه بر راهبردهای فرهنگی
زهره جعفری لیلا انجم شعاع ندا فاتحی رادهدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروههای آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتساپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طر Moreهدف اصلی این پژوهش کیفی، بررسی راهبردهای مدیریت کلاس درس برای معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی است. برای دستیابی به این هدف، 30 معلم زبان انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس از میان برخی از گروههای آنلاین معلمان انگلیسی در واتساپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه باز و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد. با توجه به نتایج، راهبردهای بسیاری شناسایی شد که دراین تحقیق ارائه شده اند. مهمترین آنها استفاده از دانش دریافتی از طریق تحصیلات آکادمیک، استفاده از تجربیات شخصی، مدیریت نیازهای دانش آموزان، ارائه و دریافت بازخورد از کلاس درس، تدریس بر اساس اخلاق حرفه ای و در نظر گرفتن مسائل فرهنگی است. علاوه بر این، نتایج نشان داد که معلمان زبان انگلیسی ملزم به توسل به راهبردهای فرهنگی برای تبدیل منابع دانش مدیریت کلاس درس به فعالیت های عملی هستند. این یافته ها دستاوردهایی برای محققان آموزش معلمان زبان انگلیسی، سیاست گذاران، توسعه دهندگان برنامه درسی و معلمان دارد. مهم تر اینکه این تحقیق می تواند در برنامه های آماده سازی معلمان در آماده کردن معلمان برای مدیریت کلاس درس در آینده مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - نقش محیطهای آموزشی سنتی، ترکیبی، و معکوس در ارتقای تلفظ فراگیران زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه با استفاده از اپلیکیشن ایی ال اس اٍی
بهرام دهقانپور ژاله بهشتی محمود جلالی -
Open Access Article
99 - ارزیابی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی پیرامون اجرای عادلانه کلاس درس توسط معلمان: تمرکز بر مشکلات اصلی
مقداد صادقی واله جلالی ندا فاتحی رادپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی از عدالت کلاسی معلمان و همچنین مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمان داشت. برای انجام این کار، پژوهش حاضر از روش کیفی استفاده کرد و 30 زبانآموز ایرانی سطح متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان خصوصی در آن شرکت کردند. زبان آموزان Moreپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی از عدالت کلاسی معلمان و همچنین مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمان داشت. برای انجام این کار، پژوهش حاضر از روش کیفی استفاده کرد و 30 زبانآموز ایرانی سطح متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان خصوصی در آن شرکت کردند. زبان آموزان از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس از گروه های مجازی مختلف در واتسپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. این پژوهش از دو مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شامل پنج سوال باز طراحی شده توسط محققین بهره برده است. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA جمع آوری و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که درک زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی از عدالت کلاسی معلم شامل استفاده از تکنیک های یکسان و فعالیت های آموزشی اضافی برای همه دانش آموزان، احترام یکسان به همه دانش آموزان، عینیت معلم در نمره گذاری، تعامل معلم با همه دانش آموزان، الزام همه دانش آموزان به رعایت قوانین کلاس درس و غیره بود. علاوه بر این، ادراک زبان آموزان از مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمانشان به عنوان محدودیت زمانی، تنوع نیازهای دانش آموزان، تفاوت در سطح اجتماعی-اقتصادی دانش آموزان و عملکرد، عدم تطابق بین معلمان و دانش آموزان، بی ادبی و بی توجهی دانش آموزان به اخلاق شناسایی شد. یافتهها میتوانند نگرشها و فعالیتهای گروههای مختلف در حوزه آموزش زبان از جمله سیاستگذاران، مربیان معلم، مدیران آموزش معلمان و توسعهدهندگان برنامه درسی را غنیتر کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - رابطه بین اضطراب کلاس درس زبان خارجی و پیشرفت زبان انگلیسی
فرهاد قربان دردی نژاد -
Open Access Article
101 - زبان آموزان بعنوان دربانان ذهنیت مدرسان زبان انگلیسی: بررسی موردی شرایط دو کلاس درس
منصور توکلی مهدی نصیریدر دهه های اخیر، ذهنیت زبان آموزان زبان دوم (که عبارت است از تفکر آنها در مورد زبان، آموزش و یادگیری زبان و تدریس کلاسی) توجه مجامع تحقیقاتی جهان را به خود اختصاص داده است.اما سوال مطرح شده این است که ذهنیت مدرسان زبان چگونه می تواند تحت تاثیر نوع نگرش زبانی (نگرش اجتما Moreدر دهه های اخیر، ذهنیت زبان آموزان زبان دوم (که عبارت است از تفکر آنها در مورد زبان، آموزش و یادگیری زبان و تدریس کلاسی) توجه مجامع تحقیقاتی جهان را به خود اختصاص داده است.اما سوال مطرح شده این است که ذهنیت مدرسان زبان چگونه می تواند تحت تاثیر نوع نگرش زبانی (نگرش اجتماعی یا شناختی) قرار بگیرد؟ آیا ذهنیت مدرسان می تواند با تغییر دیدگاه زبانی زبان آموزان رابطه ای داشته باشد؟ در این تحقیق کیفی، فاکتورهای اساسی از طرف زبان آموزان که تاثیر بسزایی بر روی روش تدریس و نوع تدریس مدرسان می گذارند مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در راستای این هدف، شرح حال نویسی سه ماهه یک مدرس زبان از تجربه ی دو کلاس (یکی آموزش و پرورش و دیگری کلاس موسسه ای) مورد آنالیز قرار گرفت. آنالیز دقیق و کیفی شرح حال ها نشان داد که بسته به نوع دیدگاه زبانی زبان آموزان در موقعیت های زبانی متفاوت ذهنیت مدرسان نیز تحت تغییر قرار می گیرد که این نیز به نوبه ی خود روش تدریس مدرسان را متفاوت می نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - آنالیز توالی های تکراری ساده مشتق شده از توالی های بیان شده برچسب دار در شتر تک کوهانه
ا. برازنده م. مختاری م. مقبلی دامنه ز. رودباریهدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی ویژگی ­های توالی­ های تکراری ساده مشتق ­شده از توالی­ های بیان­ شده برچسب ­دار (نشانگرهای EST-SSR) در شتر تک کوهانه و همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل عملکردی این نشانگرها جهت استفاده در مطالعات مولکولی و ژنومی بود. از 17155 توالی EST Moreهدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی ویژگی ­های توالی­ های تکراری ساده مشتق ­شده از توالی­ های بیان­ شده برچسب ­دار (نشانگرهای EST-SSR) در شتر تک کوهانه و همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل عملکردی این نشانگرها جهت استفاده در مطالعات مولکولی و ژنومی بود. از 17155 توالی EST با استفاده از نرم افزارSSR Locator تعداد 862 توالی تکراری ساده (SSRs) بدست آمد. به طورکلی تعداد 827 توالی EST دارای SSR بوده که 794 (96 درصد)، 31 (8/3 درصد) و 2 (2/0 درصد) تا از آنها به ترتیب حاوی 1، 2 و 3 توالی SSR بودند. موتیف­های دایمری فراوان­ترین نوع SSR بودند و پس از آنها به ترتیب موتیف­های تری، هگزا، تترا و پنتامری با 27.15، 21.46، 6.96 و 5.57 درصد قرار گرفتند. فراوان­ترین موتیف­ های دایمر، تریمر، تترامر، پنتامر و هگزامر به ترتیب AC/TG (54 درصد)، GCC/GGC (19.2 درصد)، TTTA (13.3 درصد)، AAAAG (10.4 درصد) و AACCAC (67.6 درصد) بودند. نشانگرهای EST-SSR نهایی با استفاده از BLASTX بررسی شدند. تقریباً اکثر این نشانگرها در فرایندهای کاتابولیک ماکرومولکول­ ها و پردازش و اسپلایسینگ RNA مشارکت داشتند. می­توان از نشانگرهای EST-SSR به عنوان نشانگرهای جدید مفید در بررسی­های بیولوژیکی استفاده نمود. همچنین این نشانگرها یک منبع ارزشمند جهت مطالعات مولکولی و ژنومی شتر و گونه­ های مرتبط با آن هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Genetic diversity and relationships among traits in potato genotypes using agronomic traits and molecular marker (SSR).
Hossein Afshari Ehsan Barzin Ghanbar laei Morteza Noryan -
Open Access Article
104 - Genetic Structure and Marker-Trait Associations in Parental Lines of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
Hossein Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi Arash Hosseinpour Mehdi Ghaffari Kamil Haliloglu -
Open Access Article
105 - The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations and Grassroots in Recreating the Old Urban Context (Case Study: Mahdieh Neighborhood Located in West of Shahrekord)
N. Tavakoli S. Moayedfar M. ZakeryanNongovernmental organizations that are independent of the government try to defend the special interests, such as social, cultural, physical, etc. One of the needs of citizens in cities with inefficient textures is the existence of grassroots and nongovernmental groups MoreNongovernmental organizations that are independent of the government try to defend the special interests, such as social, cultural, physical, etc. One of the needs of citizens in cities with inefficient textures is the existence of grassroots and nongovernmental groups in order to recreation, because attention to these textures in order to attract private sector participation and removal of their instability has become a central issue, and non-governmental organizations are scrambling to recreate the city by preserving the original characteristics. Mahdieh neighborhood faces with problems such as skeletal deterioration of buildings, and social, cultural and environmental issues. It is introduced as an ineffective neighborhood in Shahrekord and recreation in the neighborhood with the participation of grassroots organizations, Nongovernmental organizations and the support of government institutions seems necessary. This article aims to address strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in this neighborhood by using the potential of Nongovernmental organizations. It also aims to provide some strategies to improve the current situation and recreate Sustainability of the neighborhood. Desired information in this research is provided in the form of library, documentary, interviews and field studies. The results indicate that the role of external factors in the failure of the inefficiency of Mahdieh neighborhood is more than internal factors and aggressive strategy are suggested. Based on Qspm model, the best strategies in order of preference, are using the potential of councils, increasing the role of public participation, and creating applications that are needed in the neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - ارزیابی شروع گفتمان معلمان زبان انگلیسی در پرتو تجربه تدریس و سطح مهارت فراگیران
مینا اسماعیلی Zohreh Seifoori Touran Ahourالگوی غالب در گفتمان کلاس درس ، شروع-پاسخ-بازخورد (IRF) است و شروع معمولاً به شکل سؤالاتی است که معلمانمیپرسند. سؤالات ممکن است ارجاعی یا استنباطی باشند و تحقیقات کلاسی بر نقشی که این سؤالات می توانند در برانگیختنپاسخهای دانشآموزان ایفا کنند، تأکید کرده است که دومی ا Moreالگوی غالب در گفتمان کلاس درس ، شروع-پاسخ-بازخورد (IRF) است و شروع معمولاً به شکل سؤالاتی است که معلمانمیپرسند. سؤالات ممکن است ارجاعی یا استنباطی باشند و تحقیقات کلاسی بر نقشی که این سؤالات می توانند در برانگیختنپاسخهای دانشآموزان ایفا کنند، تأکید کرده است که دومی احتمالاً منجر به پاسخهای متمرکز بر معنا می شود. با این حال، چیزیکه هنوز نیازمند بررسی است، میزان تمایل معلمان به فعال کردن پردازش معنایی و نحوی دانشآموزان با استفاده از سؤالاتمناسب و اینکه چگونه تجربه آنها ممکن است عامل انتخاب سؤالات ارجاعی یا استنباطی در سطوح مختلف مهارتی میباشد است. ازاین رو، مطالعه توصیفی حاضر با هدف مقایسه فراوانی و نوع سؤالات استنباطی و ارجاعی به کار گرفته شده توسط معلمان مبتدیو مجرب برای شروع تعامل در سطوح متوسط پایین (LI) و متوسط بالا (UI) انجام شد. به منظور پژوهش، نمونه ای هدفمندشامل 20 کلاس درس زبان انگلیسی در 9 شعبه یک مؤسسه انگلیسی در تبریز، ایران انتخاب شد. کلاس ها توسط پنج معلم مبتدی وپنج معلم با تجربه تدریس می شد. با استفاده از فرم مشاهدات طراحی شده توسط محقق، رویه های کلاس مشاهده، ثبت و رونویسیشد. داده های رونویسی شده بیشتر با استفاده از سیستم کدگذاری استاندارد شده پیشنهاد شده توسط لانگ و ساتو (1983) به عنوانیک طبقه بندی هفت طبقه ای از توابع سوالات معلم مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که معلمان با تجربه به طورقابل توجهی از سوالات ارجاعی بیشتری در هر دو سطح ‏ متوسط پایین و متوسط بالا استفاده کردند. در مقابل، مشخص شد کهمعلمان مبتدی از سؤالات استنباطی به طور قابل توجهی در هر دو سطح متوسط پایین و متوسط بالا استفاده می کنند. پیامدهایآموزشی یافته ها مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The Impact of Co-teaching Model on Improving Motivation and Achievement of Iranian Young EFL Learners
Tayebeh Farahi Ahmad Mohseni -
Open Access Article
108 - تاثیر تدریس زبان انگلیسی به شیوه معکوس بر درک مطلب زبان آموزان: با تمرکز بر سطح مهارت فراگیران در زبان انگلیسی
Shohreh Farsi Masoud Zoghi Hanieh Davatgari Aslدر پژوهش حاضر از روش شبه آزمایشی و از طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون بهره گرفته شده است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر استفاده از تکنیک های آموزش معکوس بر مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب فراگیران ایرانی و همچنین بررسی وجود یا عدم ارتباط معنادار بین رویکرد کلاس معکوس و سطح مهارتی فراگیرا Moreدر پژوهش حاضر از روش شبه آزمایشی و از طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون بهره گرفته شده است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر استفاده از تکنیک های آموزش معکوس بر مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب فراگیران ایرانی و همچنین بررسی وجود یا عدم ارتباط معنادار بین رویکرد کلاس معکوس و سطح مهارتی فراگیران زبان انگلیسی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شامل 65 زبان آموز مرد و زن ایرانی بود و سطح مهارت انگلیسی آنان بر اساس آزمون تافل ( TOEFL PBT ) مشخص شد. آنها به دو گروه آزمایشی (یک گروه متوسط و یک گروه بالاتر از سطح متوسط) و دو گروه کنترل (یک گروه متوسط و یک گروه بالاتر از متوسط) تقسیم شدند. در ابتدای پژوهش شرکت کنندگان از جهت مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب بررسی شدند. در طول 14 هفته آموزش، مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب در فراگیران گروه آزمایشی به شیوه معکوس تدریس شد. در حالی که در گروه های کنترل، آموزش این مهارت به شیوه سنتی انجام شد. در پایان پژوهش برای سنجش میزان یادگیری زبان آموزان، توانایی خواندن و درک مطلب آنان در پس آزمون همسان با پیش آزمون بررسی شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که زبان آموزان کلاس معکوس بدون توجه به سطح مهارتی شان در درک مطلب از زبان آموزان کلاس کنترل پیشی گرفتند. نتایج این پژوهش می تواند معلمان زبان دوم را به پذیرش رویکرد کلاس معکوس برای ارتقاء مهارت خواندن و درک مطلب ترغیب کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The Effects of Teachers' Interactional Moves on Learners' Uptake in EFL Classrooms
Shahrbanoo Samarbakhsh Tehrani Hassan Iravani Gholamreza Hessamy Fatemmeh Hemmati -
Open Access Article
110 - مسایل دانشجویان رشته مهندسی دانشگاه های آزاد استان مازنداران در درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه
Maryam Roodbari Amir مرزبان Seyed Hassan Talebi Ahmad Mohseni چکیده: با بهره گیری از تکنیک مشاهده و مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند، هدف تحقیق حاضر یافتن مشکلات و مسائل دانشجویان رشته مهندسی دردانشگاههای آزاد استان مازندران در مورد درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه از نقطه نظر 64 دانشجو و 32 مدرس این درسها بود. شرکت کنندگان به روش More چکیده: با بهره گیری از تکنیک مشاهده و مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند، هدف تحقیق حاضر یافتن مشکلات و مسائل دانشجویان رشته مهندسی دردانشگاههای آزاد استان مازندران در مورد درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه از نقطه نظر 64 دانشجو و 32 مدرس این درسها بود. شرکت کنندگان به روش نمونه گیری ساده انتخاب شدند. تکنیک مورد استفاده برای مشاهده، گزارش روایی خلاصه بود که شامل نقطه نظر جامع از رویدادهای موجود در گزارش بود. نتایج بدست آمده حاکی از این است که مسائل گوناگونی در کلاسهای انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه وجود دارد که بطور اعم با شش مقوله مرتبط است: محیط آکادمیک، مدرسین و دانشجویان درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه، مواد درسی موجود برای تدریس درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه، و روشهای تدریس و همچنین روشهای سنجش و ارزیابی درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه. امید می رود نتایج تحقیق حاضر بینشی روشن در مورد مسائل مربوط به درس انگلیسی برای اهداف ویژه به مدرسین این درس داده و انگیزهای به مولفین کتابهای مرتبط با این درس و همچنین سازمان مرکزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی در مورد بازبینی و رفع این مشکلات برای ارتقای کیفیت درس مذکور در رشتههای مهندسی بدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - بررسی تعامل کلاسی معلم-زبان آموز: بازخورد زبان آموز-محور در سطوح مختلف و تجربه تدریس
Mina Esmaeili Bavili Zohreh Seifoori Touran Ahourتعامل سه گانه آغازین، پاسخ، بازخورد الگوی رایج تعامل کلاسی در بافتهای آموزشی است که کاربرد صحیح آن با استفاده از بازخورد حمایتی زبان آموز-محور می تواند انتقال زبان آموز از مرحله دیگر-کارآمدی به خود-کارآمدی تسهیل بخشد. با این حال ، میزان تاثیر تجربه کاری و سطح زبان Moreتعامل سه گانه آغازین، پاسخ، بازخورد الگوی رایج تعامل کلاسی در بافتهای آموزشی است که کاربرد صحیح آن با استفاده از بازخورد حمایتی زبان آموز-محور می تواند انتقال زبان آموز از مرحله دیگر-کارآمدی به خود-کارآمدی تسهیل بخشد. با این حال ، میزان تاثیر تجربه کاری و سطح زبان آموزان بر کاربرد معلمان از این الگوی تعاملی نیاز به تحقیق بیشتردارد. از این رو ، پژوهش کلاسی حاضر با هدف بررسی تفاوتهای احتمالی معلمان با تجربه و کم تجربه از الگوهای تعامل کلاسی و میزان تطابق بازخورد آنها با سطح زبان آموزان پیش متوسط و پس متوسط انجام گردید. در راستای هدف تحقیق، نمونه هدف مند تحقیق شامل 20 کلاس درس انگلیسی از نه شعبه موسسه زبان انگلیسی شناخته شده ایی در تبریز انتخاب شد که توسط 5 معلم کم تجربه و 5 معلم باتجربه تدریس می شدند. فرآیند تدریس کلاسی معلمان بر اساس فرم مشاهده محقق –ساخته که مراحل روایی و پایایی آن انجام شده بود، مشاهده ، ضبط و رونویسی شد. داده های رونویسی به صورت استاندارد کدگذاری و با آزمون آماری خی دو تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تجربه تدریس می تواند فراوانی استفاده از الگوی تعامل کلاسی را پیش بینی کند اما تاثیری درکاربرد بازخورد زبان آموز-محور ندارد. نسبت کاربرد بازخورد زبان آموز-محور به تعامل کلاسی بسیار پایین بود و بسامد بیشتری در سطوح پیش متوسط نشان داد. کاربردهای آموزشی یافته های تحقیق مورد بحث قرار خواهد گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Relation of Classroom Emotional Intelligence and Classroom Psychosocial Climate to School Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction at School
Najmeh Hatef Farideh Yousefi T he aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction at school in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. Participants were 384(1 More T he aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction at school in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. Participants were 384(183 girls, 201 boys) secondary school students from Shiraz city which selected via random multistage cluster sampling method. To examine research variables, all participants completed Brief Adolescents' Subject Well-Being in School Scale (Tian, Wang, & Huebner, 2015).Adolescent Students' Basic Psychological Needs at School Scale (Tian, han, & Huebner, 2014), Basque Group Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Aritzeta et al, 2016), and My Class Inventory (Fraser et al., 1995), in their regular classes. The results of structural equation modeling showed that dimensions of class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence could significantly predict basic psychological needssatisfaction at school, and also basic psychological needs satisfaction were statistically significant predictors of school well-being. Moreover, findings showed that basic psychological needssatisfaction at school played a mediating role in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that improving class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence as well as basic psychological needssatisfaction at school can be effective in promoting students’ school well-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The relationships among achievement goals,classroom climate,and perceived ability and instrumentality in adolescents
Sara Ebrahimi Shahla Pakdaman Safoora SepehriThe purpose of this study was to predict achievement goals from classroom climate by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in a sample of 300 eleventh-grade students. The students studied in three academic majors (human sciences, natural sciences, mathe MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict achievement goals from classroom climate by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in a sample of 300 eleventh-grade students. The students studied in three academic majors (human sciences, natural sciences, mathematics) in Noor city high schools. Classroom climate was assessed using the "In My Class Questionnaire" (IMC; Hardré, Crowson, Ly, & Xie, 2006) and the "School Engagement and Effort Scale" (SEES; Hardré & Reeve, 2003). Achievement goals, and perceived ability and instrumentality were assessed using the "Approaches to Learning Questionnaire” (ATL; Greene & Miller, 1996). The data were analyzed using Baron and Kenny (1986) method, and multiple analysis of regression. The results indicated that classroom climate predicted achievement goals by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in high school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Relationship Between Classroom Social Context and Academic Engagement: The Mediation Roles of Self-System Processes, Academic Motivation and Emotions
Zeinab Rabbani Siavash Talepasand Esaac Rahimianboogar MohammadAli MohammadifarThe aim of present study was to investigate the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions in the relationship between classroom social context and academic engagement. The participants were 586 grade nine students in Tehran. They complet MoreThe aim of present study was to investigate the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions in the relationship between classroom social context and academic engagement. The participants were 586 grade nine students in Tehran. They completed Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Reeve & Tseng, 2011), Academic Emotions Questionnaires (Pekrun et al., 2005), Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al, 1989), Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (Filak & Sheldon, 2003), Teacher Emotional Support Scale (Sakiz, 2007), Autonomy Support (Blackburn, 1998) and Peers Emotional Support (Johnson et al, 1983) subscales. The results of path analysis showed that classroom social context (including teacher emotional support, autonomy support and peers emotional support) have effects on academic engagement through several pathways. Findings indicated that social context factors of classroom had effects on self-system processes (autonomy need satisfaction, competence need satisfaction and relatedness need satisfaction), and these processes influenced academic motivation. Academic motivation had an effect on academic emotions, and academic emotions structurally influenced academic engagement. Therefore, classroom social context had effects on academic engagement by the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - A Causal Model of the Effect of Classroom’s Structure on Academic Burnout: The Mediating Role of Motivation
Foozieh Fekry Nojede Mahbubeh FouladchangThe purpose of this research was to examine the mediating role of academic motivation in the relationship between classroom structure and academic burnout. Seven hundred and twenty students were selected from high schools of Tehran during the academic year of 2016-2017b MoreThe purpose of this research was to examine the mediating role of academic motivation in the relationship between classroom structure and academic burnout. Seven hundred and twenty students were selected from high schools of Tehran during the academic year of 2016-2017by random cluster multi-stages sampling method. The participants completed the School Burnout Inventory (Bresó, Salanova & Schaufeli, 2007), the Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand & et‎ al, 1992) and the Classroom Structure Questionnaire (Elliot & Church, 2001). The data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The results indicated that a) the model had good fit to data, b) the harsh evaluation had a positive and direct effect on educational burnout, and c) attractiveness of task and focus on evaluation had indirect effects on academic burnout through academic motivation. The findings suggested that improvement in classroom structure as well as applying new mechanisms in motivational system may reduce academic burnout. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Study on genetic variation of Hyrcanian Calonectria pseudonaviculata (boxwood blight agent) isolates using RAPD and ISSR markers
Parisa Khazaeli Saeed Rezaee Mansoureh Mirabolfathy Hamidreza Zamanizadeh Hadi KiadaliriBackground & Objectives: Boxwood tree is one of the Iranian endemic trees expanded throughout Hyrcanian forests. They are of particular importance among the world's forest reserves. Recently, Calonectria pseudonaviculata has been considered as one of the most import MoreBackground & Objectives: Boxwood tree is one of the Iranian endemic trees expanded throughout Hyrcanian forests. They are of particular importance among the world's forest reserves. Recently, Calonectria pseudonaviculata has been considered as one of the most important causes of blight and leaf defoliation of the boxwood in Iran. For the first time, the present study was aimed to evaluate the genetic variation of Hyrcanian C. pseudonaviculata isolates using RAPD and ISSR markers. Material & Methods: In this study, 75 fungal isolates were collected from the infected boxwoods throughout Hyrcanian forests in the North of Iran. The isolates were assessed based on morphology and colony color. Genetic diversity of the isolates was studied using RAPD and ISSR markers. A part of the beta-tubulin gene was sequenced and deposited at NCBI. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out using PAUP* v. 4.0b10. Results: The colony color of isolates on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium was brown with pale hale, conidia were cylindrical, rounded at both ends, 1-septate, 48- 68 µm. Stipe was long (90-14 µm) and hyaline, with the extension terminating in a broadly ellipsoid papillate vesicle, the widest part above the middle. Phylogenetic tree based on the β-tubulin gene showed that all isolates are placed into the same group. Our results indicated that the population of this fungus has a low genetic diversity in Iran. Conclusion: It seems that the variation of this pathogen is started to change genetically in some areas due to selection pressure phenomenon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Impact of Educational Environments Based on Classroom Arrangement in Student Learning (Case Study : Non-Governmental Hadaf School)
Yasaman Jaberi Hossein Soltanzadeh Shervin MirshahzadehEducational spaces are one of the areas of environmental architecture that play a major role in a society. Class room environmental is similar to the theater scene, which shuld be designed from a private perspective by displaying student s' talents and improving their l MoreEducational spaces are one of the areas of environmental architecture that play a major role in a society. Class room environmental is similar to the theater scene, which shuld be designed from a private perspective by displaying student s' talents and improving their learning. The importance of the issue is that the type of seat arrangement can have a tangible impact on the quality of instruction. The theoretical foundations are based on the fact that students' attention can play an important role on learning. The purpose was to investigate the relationship between chairs arrangement in classes and their positive impact on learning with its approaches and consequences. the correlation research method, course analysis, descriptive statistics analysis and Frequency ratio were used to examine the effect of layout. The tested groups are 64 students of Hadaf school in Miandoab in three levels. At the end of the half - year, the results of the tests and data analysis was done by Spss Software. Therefore, to enhance students ' learning , three types of layouts such as alignment for the courses (Arabic, mathematics, literature), Cluster for (Science, Technology, Art) and U-shaped for (Social Studies, Foreign Language, Heavenly Messages, Lifestyle, Quran) is concluded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - The Relationship between Modern Teaching Methods and Self-Regulated Learning Strategies with the Mediating Role of Students’ Perceptions of Classroom Activities
Maryam Jafari Abolghasem BarimaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between modern teaching methods and self-regulated learning strategies with the mediating role of students’ perceptions of classroom activities. The research was applied in terms of purpose and the meth MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between modern teaching methods and self-regulated learning strategies with the mediating role of students’ perceptions of classroom activities. The research was applied in terms of purpose and the method was descriptive, correlational. The statistical population of this study included 4816 students of Secondary school of Neka. The sample included 381 participants recruited by using Krejcie and Morgan’s Table via stratified random sampling concerning gender. The data were gathered by using three Questionnaires: Valinejad Sangdehee et al.’s (2016) modern teaching methods, Bouffard et al.’s (1995) self-regulated learning strategies, and Gantry et al.’s (2002) perceptions of classroom activities Questionnaires. The reliability of the instruments was calculated to be 0.70, 0.77 and 0.92 respectively using Cronbach’s alpha. To analyze the collected data structural equation modeling was employed using the PLS software. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between modern teaching methods and measuring the perceptions of classroom activities with self-regulated learning strategies. 83.7% of self-regulated learning strategies and 73.3% of perceptions of classroom activities were explained by modern teaching methods. The perceptions of classroom activities had a mediating effect on the relationship between modern teaching methods and self-regulated learning strategies. The indices indicated that the proposed model is an appropriate fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Application of Random Amplified Microsatellite Polymorphism (RAMP) in Prunus Characterization and Mapping
M. Rasouli P. Martínez-Gómez R. Karimi -
Open Access Article
120 - Investigating the Interaction between SSRI Drugs and Human Serum Albumin: Unraveling the Key Players in Antidepressant Delivery
Vajagathali Mohammed Nikitha Shalom RichardAntidepressant drugs are medications used to treat various types of depressive disorders. They work by altering the balance of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters, which are involved in regulating mood. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) is a clas MoreAntidepressant drugs are medications used to treat various types of depressive disorders. They work by altering the balance of chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters, which are involved in regulating mood. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) is a class of antidepressant drugs that specifically target the neurotransmitter serotonin in the brain. They work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin, which increases the concentration of serotonin in the synaptic gap between neurons. HSA plays a crucial role as a transport protein, facilitating the delivery of hormones and various other ligands to their specific destinations within the body. The interaction of SSRI drugs with HSA and their binding mechanism in the HSA-SSRI system has not been extensively studied so far. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the binding affinity (BA) of SSRI drugs with HSA and identify the amino acids that bind to the antidepressant drug. The HSA protein structure (PDB ID: 1AO6) has been downloaded from the Protein Data Bank, and the SSRI antidepressant drugs structure were generated using ChemDraw. Our docking results showed that the SSRI drugs had a significant binding affinity (BA) (more negative than -5.0) with the HSA protein. Among them, the highest BA was found with vilazodone (-8.6), and the lowest BA was observed with escitalopram (-6.1). This suggests that SSRI drugs can bind to the HSA protein, potentially facilitating their transport through the bloodstream. HSA binding can also influence the drug's free concentration, which is the active form available for interaction with its target receptors in the brain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Classroom management: Strategies and challenges of Iranian teachers
Zohreh Jafari Leila Anjomshoa Neda Fatehi RadThe present study aimed to explore the strategies and challenges faced by Iranian teachers in classroom management. The importance of this study lied in its potential contribution to effective approaches in classroom management, professional growth of teachers, and rese MoreThe present study aimed to explore the strategies and challenges faced by Iranian teachers in classroom management. The importance of this study lied in its potential contribution to effective approaches in classroom management, professional growth of teachers, and research knowledge. To serve that end, it utilized a qualitative research design, employing semi-structured interview and open-ended questionnaire to gather data from a sample of Iranian teachers. The findings revealed that Iranian teachers were required to use different strategies to put their knowledge resources and practices of classroom management into the real context of classroom with high effectiveness. The study also indicated several challenges faced by Iranian teachers, such as students’ misbehavior, class communication, fulfillment of learner expectations, time management, care for and attention to learners, giving and receiving feedback, interactions with students’ families, flexibility, accountability and commitment, lesson planning, group work planning, and professional ethics. It can be concluded that teachers’ classroom management literacy is fed by different knowledge resources. Moreover, classroom management literacy is not formed overnight, but it is the product of various knowledge domains. More importantly, classroom management is not an easy task for Iranian teachers. These findings have significant implications for Iranian teachers, teacher educators and curriculum planners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - evaluation genetic diversity to resistant genotypes of drought stress in durum wheat with using SSR molecular markers.
seyed saeed noorinia Shahab SadatTo evaluated of efficiency of selection by markers (MAS). 20 genotypes durum wheat was conducted as a split plot design in randomized complete block are planted and yield components calculated. Also in molecular level of 20 pair starter (SSR) to study genetic diversity MoreTo evaluated of efficiency of selection by markers (MAS). 20 genotypes durum wheat was conducted as a split plot design in randomized complete block are planted and yield components calculated. Also in molecular level of 20 pair starter (SSR) to study genetic diversity between varieties and determine genotypes tolerant to drought stress was used. After extraction of DNA and appointment that quantity and quality polymerase chain reaction took place in the touch down method. In total 58 allele of the 20 locus was detected. The largest allele detected belonged to the Xgwm610, and Xbarc108 with 4 allele and the lowest with 2 allele was reserved markers Xgwm413, Xgdm132, Xwmc48, Xbarc40, Xbarc121, Xgwm375. Average allele produced for each locus in this research is 2/9. Rating and length of the parts produced using the software UVDOC was specified. Similarity matrix, the cluster analysis in UPMMA method and draw dendrogram using NTSYS software took. Standard correlation coefficient of cophentic calculated and the number of 0/86 was obtained. Dendrogram represent 2 cluster of quite distinct. In one cluster the number of genotypes 1, 2, 15, 16, 20, 13, 3, 4, 19, 8, 12, 7, 9, 5, 14 and in another cluster the number of 6, 18, 10, 17, 11 are placed. Genotypes of 5 and 14 of higher stress tolerance index than other varieties. The result showed multiple allele trait a phenomenon quite usual and common in markers (SSR) continuity of trait or could be effect of the multiple genes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Molecular analysis and reduction of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol to 3-acetyl form in 20 durum wheat cultivars of Khuzestan through PCR technique and determination of AYT1 resistance gene
Seyed Saeed Noorinia neda baghestaniAbstract:This study was conducted to evaluate the response of 20 durum wheat cultivars native to Khuzestan, available in the collection of the grain research department of the Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute, to Fusarium blight during the two cropping years 2 MoreAbstract:This study was conducted to evaluate the response of 20 durum wheat cultivars native to Khuzestan, available in the collection of the grain research department of the Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute, to Fusarium blight during the two cropping years 2016-2017 and 2018-2019 in field conditions in two regions. Different, Khuzestan, with two climatic conditions, was implemented. The studied traits included infected clusters, spikelet infestation, seed infestation, cluster density, plant height and biological yield. Cluster analysis was used to measure and determine genetic distances and pattern diversity in wheat Fusarium resistance components of wheat. Evaluation of experimental masses using sporulation method in the field showed that most of the studied masses have a good resistance to the disease in terms of the mean disease index. The cause of resistance seems to have a genetic basis and is related to the presence of type I resistance in them. Twenty durum wheat cultivars can be used as disease-resistant parents in crosses related to wheat breeding programs. The results showed that AYT1 gene is expressed as resistant gene in wheat cultivars. Using PCR technique and SSR molecular markers in this study in order to amplify a single copy or small copies of a DNA fragment with a specific sequence of thousands or millions of copies, to achieve the genetic nature of cultivars, this method can be used as a method. Introduced for the multiplication of resistant genes in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - On Iranian EFL Teachers’ Perceptions of Classroom Management: Knowledge and Practice in Focus
Zohreh Jafari Leila Anjomshoa Neda FatehiRadThis qualitative study aimed to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management. Thirty Iranian EFL teachers teaching at different private institutes and universities in Iran participated in this study via convenience sampling from different virtual groups thr MoreThis qualitative study aimed to explore EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management. Thirty Iranian EFL teachers teaching at different private institutes and universities in Iran participated in this study via convenience sampling from different virtual groups through WhatsApp or Telegram. The required data were collected through a semi-structured interview and an open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through thematic analysis using MAXQDA. The results showed that EFL teachers attributed their knowledge of classroom management to the following resources: academic knowledge, personal opinions, past experiences, professional events, contextual interpretations, and feedback. The results also revealed that EFL teachers’ perceptions of classroom management were grouped into a range of aspects, including responses to students’ misbehavior, class communication, fulfillment of learner expectations, time management, care for and attention to learners, giving and receiving feedback, interactions with students’ families, flexibility, accountability and commitment, lesson planning, group work planning, and professional ethics. The findings have implications for EFL teachers, teacher educators, supervisors, and teacher education curriculum planners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - The comparative impact of reasoning gap tasks and opinion gap tasks on young EFL learners’ classroom engagement
Azadeh Khanzadeh Darabi Alireza Memari HanjaniThis study examined the differences between the effects of reasoning gap tasks and opinion gap tasks on young EFL learners’ classroom engagement. The participants comprised 63 Iranian young EFL learners within the age range of 9 to 12 years old. These 63 learners were s MoreThis study examined the differences between the effects of reasoning gap tasks and opinion gap tasks on young EFL learners’ classroom engagement. The participants comprised 63 Iranian young EFL learners within the age range of 9 to 12 years old. These 63 learners were selected out of an initial number of 100 male and female EFL learners at the intermediate level based on their performance on a Flyers test. The 63 selected participants were divided into two intact groups consisting of 31 learners in the opinion-gap task experimental group and 32 learners in the reasoning-gap experimental group. Then, an engagement checklist was used by two raters in the two groups as pretest. After that, for ten sessions each lasting for 90 minutes, in one of the groups, the researcher carried out opinion-gap tasks while reasoning gap tasks were implemented in another experimental group. Upon finishing the treatment, the two raters used exactly the same checklist and obtained the posttest engagement scores. The analysis of the data through the parametric test of paired sample t-test indicated that both task types significantly impacted young EFL learners’ classroom engagement. Besides, the results of Mann-Whitney U Test revealed that there was no significant difference between the effects of reasoning gap tasks and opinion gap tasks on young EFL learners’ classroom engagement. Based on the results, EFL teachers are recommended to use both task types to enhance EFL learners’ classroom engagement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The Relationship between Resiliency and Classroom Psychosocial Climate with the Educational Achievement of Junior High School Students in Tehran
Rozita Zabihi Beheshteh Niusha Mahbobeh Mansori Abstract The purpose of this research was to study of relationship between resiliency and classroom psychosocial climate with educational achievement of junior high school students in Tehran. Research method was correlational and the population included all the s More Abstract The purpose of this research was to study of relationship between resiliency and classroom psychosocial climate with educational achievement of junior high school students in Tehran. Research method was correlational and the population included all the students of junior high schools in Tehran city 2009-2010 (326 students, 162 girls and 124 boys), who were all selected by multi-step cluster sampling method. The data were collected using psychosocial climate questionnaire by Michaud, Comeau, and Goupil (1991), Resiliency Scale of Conner & Davidson (CD-RISC, 2003) and mean score of the participants' first term. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. The results showed that: 1) there is a positive and significant relationship between resiliency and achievement of students, 2) there is a relationship between classroom psychosocial climate and achievement of the students, 3) there is a relationship between the student's perception of classroom psychosocial climate and achievement of students, 4) there is a relationship between the student's expectation of classroom psychosocial climate and achievement of the students, 5) we could predict the educational achievement of students based on their resiliency and classroom psychosocial climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The Impact of Classroom Psychosocial Climate on the Educational Promotion of the Primary Students in Kashan
Mohammadreza Atoofi Salmani Seifollah Bahari Behzad Goodarzi Malayeri Abstract This research studies the relationship between students’ and teachers’ appreciation and anticipation of the classroom atmosphere and the students’ educational promotion. To this end, 44 fifth grade classes were randomly selected from More Abstract This research studies the relationship between students’ and teachers’ appreciation and anticipation of the classroom atmosphere and the students’ educational promotion. To this end, 44 fifth grade classes were randomly selected from Kashan city out of each 4 boys and girls were drawn out (totally 176) together with their teachers (N=44). Data were collected using Social Mental Classroom Atmosphere Questionnaire and their GPA. They were analyzed through t-test and multivariate regression. The results of the study indicated that comparing with the students’ and teachers’ appreciation, their anticipation of the classroom was higher. Also, teachers’ anticipation and appreciation of the classroom climate was higher than those of students. Moreover, there is a relationship between students’ anticipation and appreciation of the classroom psychosocial climate and their educational promotion; however, no significant relationship was traced between teachers’ anticipation and appreciation of the classroom psychosocial climate and students’ educational promotion. Therefore, it was concluded that there existed a significant relationship between classroom psychosocial climate and the educational promotion and classroom psychosocial climate can be used to predict students’ educational promotion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - The Role of Perceived Classroom Goals Structure, Motivational Strategies, and Cognitive Learning Strategies in Predicting Academic Achievement of English
Jamal Ashoori ZAHRA Arabameri Mohhamad Ashoori Hasan Rostaman Seyede Somaye Jalilabkenar Abstract This research aimed to examine the role of the perceived classroom goals structure, motivational strategies (achievement goals and self-efficacy) and cognitive learning strategies (rehearsal, elaboration, and organization) in the academic achievement Eng More Abstract This research aimed to examine the role of the perceived classroom goals structure, motivational strategies (achievement goals and self-efficacy) and cognitive learning strategies (rehearsal, elaboration, and organization) in the academic achievement English language. The population of this research was all students at third grade of state-run high schools of Varamin. For this research, 200 students (112 girls and 88 boys) were selected using stratifies randomly sampling. All of them completed the perceived classroom goals structure questionnaire (Midgley et al., 1998), motivational strategies for learning questionnaires (Pintrich et al., 1991) and the achievement goals questionnaires (Elliot & McGregor, 2001). The findings showed a positive and significant relationship between mastery approach goal, self-efficacy and rehearsal with academic achievement and a negative and significant relationship between performance avoidance goal with academic achievement. Self-efficacy, performance avoidance goal, and mastery approach goal in one predicted model predicted 42 percent of variance of language achievement and also the share of self-efficacy in the prediction of academic achievement was more than other variables. Some findings of the present research were consistent with previous research results. The theoretical implications of findings were discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Providing an analytical framework of the influence of color on students' hyperactivity
Ladan Tajaddini Ahmad Khoshnevis Mohammad IranmaneshIn this article, we see the connection between architecture and behavioral sciences in the field of mental health. This connection is important in that aspects of the physical environment conform to the behaviors of space users. Improving mental health in learning envir MoreIn this article, we see the connection between architecture and behavioral sciences in the field of mental health. This connection is important in that aspects of the physical environment conform to the behaviors of space users. Improving mental health in learning environments is the most positive thing that can be done in this regard. Paying attention to the effect of color in school classrooms as a space in which students spend many hours and evaluating the effect of color on students' mental health as the future makers of the country who should have a very high level of mental health. Is. The Child Strengths and Weakness Questionnaire (SDQ) was used. This questionnaire was developed by Goodman and is used for ages 3-16. It has five subscales of emotional symptoms, behavioral problems, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, communication problems with peers, and sociable behaviors (child strengths). It is necessary to say that this research is an interventional type and the approach of this research is "applied" and can be used for Iranian schools in the future. Results: Since the level of significance for boys is less than the significance level of 0.05, so with 95% confidence we can say that the mean signs of hyperactivity in male students before and after staining are different. But the level of significance for girls is greater than the level of significance of 0.05, so with 95% confidence we can say that the average symptoms of hyperactivity of female students before and after coloring are not different. Symptoms of hyperactivity in male students were effective but did not affect the symptoms of hyperactivity in female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The effect of the first elementary science education guide based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran
Zahra Sabet Jahromi Khadijeh Abolmaali Ali Hosseini Khah Mekrdad Sabet Kianoosh HashemianThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching elementary education based on the imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran. The research method was quantitative and quasi-experime MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching elementary education based on the imaginative education theory on the perception of classroom activities of first grade elementary students in Tehran. The research method was quantitative and quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with control group and random sampling and sampling based on inclusion criteria were used. Thus, a girls 'primary school and a boys' primary school were randomly selected from among the primary schools in District 11 of Tehran. Then, according to the inclusion criteria, 24 of these students were selected from each school and assigned to two groups of 12 controls and experiments. The instrument of this research was the Questionnaire of Perceptions of Class Activities of Gentry et al (2002). The experimental group underwent 4 sessions of science education sessions based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that teaching science based on cognitive tools of imaginative education theory improved the perception of classroom activities in all four components of interest, challenge, selectivity and pleasure. This study revealed the importance of using cognitive tools of imaginative education theory in education as an important way to improve students' perception of the classroom. So elementary school teachers can use this guide in the classroom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Studying psychometric indices of the classroom goal structure questionnaire and its relationship with student's academic emotion
Fariborz Nikdel Mehdi ArabzadehThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor validity and reliability of the class structure goal questionnaire and its relationship with students' academic emotion. This questionnaire was developed by Midgley et al. (2000). For this purpose, 400 male MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor validity and reliability of the class structure goal questionnaire and its relationship with students' academic emotion. This questionnaire was developed by Midgley et al. (2000). For this purpose, 400 male and female students were selected randomly from Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province high schools. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine its validity. In line with the results of the research Midgley et al. (2000)present study showed that the questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficients in its sub-scales ranged from 0.79 to 0.91. Also, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirm that the structure of the questionnaire has an acceptable fit with the data and all the goodness indicators of fit are validated by the model. The results also showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the goal structure of mastery and the goal-oriented performance-approach with positive emotions (enjoyment from class and hope in the classroom). The structure of mastery has a negative relationship with negative emotions (class boredom and anxiety in the class), while the relationship between the performance-approach goal structure and negative emotions has not been meaningful. In addition, the performance-avoidance goal structure has a negative relationship with negative emotions and has a negative relationship with positive emotions. Therefore, this questionnaire can be a useful tool for evaluating student perceptions of the class goal structure Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The standardize Social Skills Rating System for Parents and Teachers ,Preschool Level (SSRS-PT) Gresham & Elliott in AMOl
Ali Asghar Abbasi Asfjir Fereshteh KhatibiThis study was done to standardize Social Skills Rating System for Parents and Teachers ,Preschool Level (SSRS-PT) Gresham & Elliott (1990) in a sample of 420 (210 males,210 females) prescoolers, 4-6 years in the city of Amol.Children were chosen based on multi stag MoreThis study was done to standardize Social Skills Rating System for Parents and Teachers ,Preschool Level (SSRS-PT) Gresham & Elliott (1990) in a sample of 420 (210 males,210 females) prescoolers, 4-6 years in the city of Amol.Children were chosen based on multi stage Cluster Sampling method and rated by Parents and Teachers with SSRS-P and SSRS-T questionnaires. In order to determine the Reliability of questionnaires,Cronbach’s alpha and Retest method was used.Content related and Construct Validity was used to assess the Validity of questionnaires.Construct Validity was evaluated by Factor Analysis.Datas were analysed by ststistical T-test, Chi Square and Correlation Coefficient .Cronbach’s alpha for both SSRS-P and SSRS-T reports was 0.93 and for behavorial problems was 0.87 that reveal Parent and Teacher’s reports are reliable and show high Internal Consistency.The results of Retest method confirmed the Reliability of both reports with high Correlation.. Factor Analysis of Social Skills addressed three factors of Cooperation,Assertion and Self Control in Teachers reports and four factors of Cooperation , Assertion , Responsibility and Self Control in Perent report . For Behavorial Problems obtained Internalized and Externalized factor in both reports.Goodness of Fit Index (GFI) showed that theoretical and experimental pattern was good. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Validation of a Specific Model of Effective Classroom Management in Medical Sciences
shahla Dabirzade narges saiidiyan shayeseh salehiBackground and Aim: The classroom is at the forefront of the Education Front, which is responsible for administering the teaching and learning goals. The purpose of the present study was to validate the proposed model for effective management of Isfahan medical science MoreBackground and Aim: The classroom is at the forefront of the Education Front, which is responsible for administering the teaching and learning goals. The purpose of the present study was to validate the proposed model for effective management of Isfahan medical science classroom.The research method was descriptive and the statistical population consisted of 277 faculty members and medical students and the effective classroom management questionnaire was administered to them. The questionnaire consisted of 80 items that were given to the items in a continuous form from 1 to 5 items. The methods used to analyze the items (Holstein coefficient) were to release face, content and construct validity (factor analysis) and to validate (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) for all questionnaires and factors. The students evaluated effective classroom management learning.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis technique was used to validate the model according to the extracted qualitative codes. -99-96-97-91-84 and 81.Discussion & Conclusion: The purpose of this study was to construct validation and validation of the Medical Science Effective Management Questionnaire. Good validity and Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Explain mental health based on teachers' classroom management styles
mohammad vafaiemehr1053/5000SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and mental health of teachers. The research method is correlation. The statistical population is all elementary teachers in Khoy city. Based on Morgan's tab More1053/5000SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and mental health of teachers. The research method is correlation. The statistical population is all elementary teachers in Khoy city. Based on Morgan's table, 550 people were selected as stratified random sampling. The research tools were a researcher-made questionnaire and Goldberg General Health Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using regression analysis. Findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between student-centered styles and physical health. There is a negative and significant relationship between student-centered style and anxiety and with anxiety and depression. There is a negative and significant relationship between teacher-centered style and physical health, and there is a positive and significant relationship between anxiety with restlessness and depression. Student-centric style significantly predicts and predicts the variables of physical health, anxiety, restlessness, depression. Also, teacher-centered style significantly predicted and predicted the variables of physical health, anxiety, restlessness, depression.Keywords: Classroom management style, student-centered, teacher-centered, mental health, physical health, anxiety, restlessness, depression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Study of relationship between personal characteristics and test anxiety and perception of the classroom environment of female High School students
sevda fazlizade mohammad sahebalzamani ladan Fatah moghadamThe aim of this study was to identify the effective demographic factors on exam anxiety and perception from the classroom environment of high school female students. The research method was descriptive –correlational. So, 300 high school girl students in Sarab cit MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the effective demographic factors on exam anxiety and perception from the classroom environment of high school female students. The research method was descriptive –correlational. So, 300 high school girl students in Sarab city were selected by multistage cluster sampling and then responded to the demographic, Sarason test anxiety and perception from classroom environments Gentle, Ghabl and Riza questionnaires. The findings showed a significant difference in the test anxiety score in terms of age group, mother's education, education level, sport, family income, and also significant difference in the perceived grade of the classroom environment according to the type of school and the student's average score (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - EFL teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom practices influenced by an in-service training course of meta-pragmatics
Behnood Samani Mehrdad Amiri Naser GhafouriThe present study focused on the effect of an in-service meta-pragmatics training course on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom pragmatic practices. A mixed methods design was used to achieve the objectives of the stud MoreThe present study focused on the effect of an in-service meta-pragmatics training course on Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers’ pragmatic awareness and classroom pragmatic practices. A mixed methods design was used to achieve the objectives of the study. In the quantitative phase of the study, 300 EFL teachers were selected through convenience sampling and filled out the Pragmatic Awareness Questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, 60 of those teachers participated in a pragmatic training course. They were divided into experimental and control groups and underwent the processes of pretesting, intervention, and post-testing. Furthermore, 30 of these teachers were observed in terms of their teaching inter-language pragmatics both before and after the training course of meta-pragmatics. The results of the multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) revealed that EFL teacher’s pragmatic awareness was relatively low. In addition, the findings unveiled a statistically significant difference between the EFL teachers’ meta-pragmatic awareness and their practices in terms of the 'language teacher' component. Moreover, the findings showed a statistically significant improvement in the EFL teachers’ pragmatic practices regarding teaching pragmatic features after receiving the instructions. The results of this study have some implications for stakeholders, namely EFL teacher trainers, EFL teachers, and EFL students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - A Qualitative Assessment of Supervisors’ Views towards Examiners’ Perceptions: A Fair Justice or Not?
Ehasn Rayani Neda Fatehi RadThis study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who MoreThis study aimed at exploring Iranian thesis supervisors’ views on examiners’ fair in examining M.A. Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL )thesis in Iran. In so doing, a phenomenological design was used. 20 M.A. thesis supervisors participated in the study who were selected through purposeful sampling. To collect the data, a semi-structured interview was used. Data analysis was conducted via manual thematic analysis. According to the results, the following views were among those extracted for M.A. theses supervisors about examiners’ fair: Examiners’ unfair in Examining Theses; Inattention to the Standards of Thesis Writing; Judgment Based on Personal Mood; Examiners’ Personal Problems with Supervisors; and Examiners’ Relation with Students. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that according to the perceptions of Iranian TEFL thesis supervisors, examiners are not just and fair in examining theses. They pay attention to the issues such as previous relations, personal problems, practicing power and such matters which are non-relevant to thesis itself. It can also be concluded that Iranian TEFL thesis examiners, at least according to thesis supervisors' views, are illiterate or unknowledgeable in terms of statistics and some research topics. This is a reason for their unfair in examining theses. The results have some implications for M.A. thesis examiners, students, higher education administrators, and researchers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - The Ratio of Teacher Talking Time (TTT) to Student Talking Time (STT) in Iranian EFL Classes: An Observational Multi-Class Analysis
Kamran Rabani EbrahimiPour Neda Fatehi Rad Ehasn RayaniClassroom discourse and interaction, particularly the balance between teacher talking time (TTT) and student talking time (STT), are critical elements in (English as a Foreign Language) EFL settings. While some research has explored various facets of classroom discourse MoreClassroom discourse and interaction, particularly the balance between teacher talking time (TTT) and student talking time (STT), are critical elements in (English as a Foreign Language) EFL settings. While some research has explored various facets of classroom discourse and interactions, few studies have specifically examined the TTT and STT ratio across a broad spectrum of EFL classes through direct observation. Addressing this gap, this observational study aims to evaluate the TTT/STT ratio in 83 diverse EFL classes in Kerman, Iran. Furthermore, it investigates if this ratio correlates with teachers' gender, years of teaching experience, and class level. To this end, the study involved 83 EFL teachers, including both genders, with teaching experience ranging from 1 to 15 years, teaching classes at elementary, intermediate, and advanced levels. Findings revealed that TTT constituted approximately 61.49% of total class time on average, with STT comprising 38.51%. No significant differences were detected in relation to teachers' gender, teaching experience, or class level. The implications of these results are discussed. Manuscript profile
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