گفتگوکاویِ نحوه پرسش معلمانِ زبان انگلیسی و بسترسازی فضای یادگیری در تعاملات کلاسی
Subject Areas : آموزش زبان انگلیسی
باقر یعقوبی
1
(
University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
)
فاطمه مظفری
2
(
University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
)
Keywords: تعاملات کلاسی, پرسشهای معلمان, فرصت مشارکت و یادگیری, بستر سازی فضای یادگیری, گفتگوکاوی,
Abstract :
دانشگاه مازندران پژوهش های انجام شده در زمینه نحوه پرسش معلمان در تعاملات کلاسی،عمدتاً کمی و معطوف به شناسایی انواع پرسش ها و نقش آنها درمرتفع ساختن ابهامات مفهومی در یادگیری بوده است. پژوهش حاضر با بهره گیری از تئوری اجتماعی- فرهنگی ویگوتسکی و دیدگاه گفتگوکاوی، به بررسی کیفی رابطه ممکن بین پرسشهای معلمان زبان انگلیسی وایجاد وبستر سازی فضای یادگیری می پردازد. جهت جمع آوری داده ها، میانکنش های یازده کلاس (هفت معلم) ضبط و تصویربرداری شد؛ سپس تعاملات ضبط شده به صورت نوشتاری تهیه گردید.تحلیل نوبت به نوبت تعاملات نشان داده است که صرفا تعداد اندکی از پرسشهای معلمان فرصت های مشارکت و فضای یادگیری موثری را برای زبان آموزان ایجادمی کنند. علاوه بر این، چهار نوع پرسش موثرشناسایی شد: پرسشهایی که پاسخگویی را آسان تر می کنند، پرسشهایی که ابعاد اساسی بحث را برجسته می کنند، پرسشهایی که نظر سایر زبان آموزان را می پرسند وپرسشهای متوالی که تعامل را ادامه می دهند. مشاهدات و تحلیل ها نشان می دهد که پرسشهای معلمان تنها برای یافتن پاسخ از سوی زبان آموزان نیست بلکه آنها ابزارهای تعاملی مناسبی در جهت درک و مشارکت بیشتر زبان آموزان درتعاملات کلاسی هستند.
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