• List of Articles نفی

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Using Cross-Coupled model to design negative capacitor in CMOS technology
        Mohsen Katebi Jahromi mohsen safavi
        In this paper, the Cross-Coupled model is used to design the negative capacitor in CMOS technology, and then the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits are investigated and studied. The investigation and study of the negative capacitor and its applic More
        In this paper, the Cross-Coupled model is used to design the negative capacitor in CMOS technology, and then the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits are investigated and studied. The investigation and study of the negative capacitor and its application in various circuits have been discussed In the following article, the proposed circuit was drawn in the Cadence software using 180 nm technology with a capacitor of 5pF, the dimension of the chip, considering the capacitor of 5 pF, is equal to 152/80 ×40/61 µm. The dimension of the non-capacitor chip is 32 ×61.40 µm. In the second step, the proposed circuit was simulated in ADS software and its frequency response and power consumption were checked. The simulation results show that with a load capacitor of 5 pF in the range frequency of 500 MHz, the negative capacitor is produced in the range of -1.5 to -20 pF, that is the power consumption is about 3.5 mW with a 1.8 V power supply. The wide frequency range of the negative capacitor, relatively low power consumption and good quality factor are the advantages of this design. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Design and evaluation of behavioral entropy management model in organization
        lida safir Mohammad Ali Sarlak Ali akbar Ahmadi Pir Hoseain kolivand
        There are factors in any system that may act contrary to system order, causing disorder, disrupting behavior, disrupting system stability or entropy, and will significantly reduce employee and organization performance. To explain behavioral entropy and identify the dime More
        There are factors in any system that may act contrary to system order, causing disorder, disrupting behavior, disrupting system stability or entropy, and will significantly reduce employee and organization performance. To explain behavioral entropy and identify the dimensions, indices, and the relationship between them, and finally to present a behavioral entropy model. The research method was exploratory and the data analysis method was mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The qualitative part of the Delphi method consisted of 20 experts including 10 human resources professors and 10 extension managers. Snowball method was used to select both groups. At first, using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts in the conceptual model of research and then to test the model from each of the standard questionnaires, a questionnaire with validity and reliability of 0.814 and 0.74 was set up and in a statistical population of about 1000 managers and 470 staff managers. The Iranian industries were distributed by random stratified method and 441 questionnaires were obtained using quantitative research methods and structural equations of Venice using SPSS and LISREL software. In the qualitative section, 81 components were identified which, according to Kendall's coefficient of 0.811 after four Delphi panel formats, remained 15 components, including three behavioral entropy dimensions triplicates including three individual, organizational and environmental categories. In section: The influence of independent environmental and organizational factors on individual factors mediated by 0.788 and 0.715, respectively, and the effect of environmental and organizational structures on behavioral entropy dependent constructs is greater than the critical values of 1.96 and 2.58, respectively. Direct and meaningful support. The findings indicate that organizational and environmental factors influence individual factors and individual factors have a faster and longer lasting effect on behavioral entropy retention. The implications of behavioral entropy for each of the variables are summarized as disorder, confusion, an atmosphere of instability, abnormal behaviors, reduced productivity, and organization. Manuscript profile
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        3 - Presenting the related model of store environment effective elements on consumer feelings and impulsive buying: Application of Future study approach in retail industry
        Bahman Fallah HoseinAbadi Hassan Esmailpur Hamid Reza Saeednia Mansoure Aligholi
        10.30495/jmfr.2022.20720
        This study aims to investigate a process in which four store environment elements (music, lighting, staff, and layout) and two individual characteristics (attitude to enjoy shopping and attitude to impulsive buying) affect the impulsive buying behavior through positive More
        This study aims to investigate a process in which four store environment elements (music, lighting, staff, and layout) and two individual characteristics (attitude to enjoy shopping and attitude to impulsive buying) affect the impulsive buying behavior through positive and negative feelings and force the person to do shopping by future study approach in retail industry. The required data were collected using a standardized questionnaire given to 385 shoppers from the Refah Chain Stores across the city of Tehran. The validity was tested using content validity and confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis using the structural equations, the statistical software PLS 3.0 has been used. In the structural model tested by PLS, the researchers have found that the store environment could lead to impulsive buying through the positive effect and motivation and also help retail industry in future by estimating of consumer behavior. The results have also shown that the personality variables affect the impulsive buying through the negative effect and motivation. It was also revealed that layout is the most important factor affecting the impulsive buying. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Portfolio Optimization Using Markowitz’s Mean-Semi Variance Method on Tehran Stock Exchange
        F. Heibati R. Haddadzadeh
        This paper presents an alternative to the standard mean-variance efficient frontier model underpinningmodern portfolio theory applications. We present a more practical alternative - A Mean-Semivarianceefficient frontier - that takes into consideration advances in &ldquo More
        This paper presents an alternative to the standard mean-variance efficient frontier model underpinningmodern portfolio theory applications. We present a more practical alternative - A Mean-Semivarianceefficient frontier - that takes into consideration advances in “Post Modern Portfolio Theory” as it pertains toasset allocation. The implications for advisors and planners are profound:An investor’s minimal acceptable return is a critical determinant of their optimal portfolio;Efficient frontiers need not be continuous, reflecting the realities of market behavior and demonstratedvolatility;This new method for calculating frontiers is a preferred device for developing strategic asset allocations.What is so efficient about the “efficient frontier?” The Markowitz (1952) model is employed to determinethe optimal mix of risky securities. This methodology involves determining what the minimum riskcombination of securities or asset classes is for a given return. Risk, in this context, is defined as the standarddeviation of returns of a composite portfolio. By plotting these risk-return combinations, an “efficientfrontier” is generated (with the “efficient” part being the upper boundary). Is this really the preferred way tolook at risk and use it in portfolio selection? If it is not, then is this frontier really “efficient?”In this paper we have modified the traditional Markowitz paradigm by redefining risk. The definition of riskwe employ in this paper is “Semi-Standard Deviation” instead of “Standard Deviation”. Then we haveconstructed efficient frontier for top fifty securities of Tehran stock exchange using Downside Risk approachor “Mean-Semivariance” method. In this research we achieved more efficient frontier using this method thanthe traditional one. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - The Causes of Impulse Buying: Evaluation of a Model in Iran
        K. Heidarzadeh F. Taherikia
        One of most discussion in marketing & consumer behavior, is an important subject, is choice &selection of product & buying behavior. Behavioral scientists make an effort to create in behaviormodels. In this research, it is inspected that variables like time More
        One of most discussion in marketing & consumer behavior, is an important subject, is choice &selection of product & buying behavior. Behavioral scientists make an effort to create in behaviormodels. In this research, it is inspected that variables like time available, money available, shoppingenjoyment, & impulse buying tendency as latent variables (independent). The influence positiveaffect, negative affect, in- store browsing. These variables influence to urge to buy impulsivity & atlast this variable influence to impulse buying. It is designed a questionnaire with 58 qustions &compute reliability in 2 stage. Because it needs to change some sentences. It is asked from 496customers in 20 shopping mall in Tehran, & used spss 16 & lisrel 8.3 to analysis data.In first phase of analysis, it is used to conformity factor analysis in respect to confirm the relationsbetween variables, then it is used with common factor analysis to reduce questions, & next phase, & itis used to exploratory factor analysis to explorer of new relations between variables.If it is compared that between result from Beatty & Ferrell (1998) & result from this research, it isnotice that although this model is respectable, but some relation is not similar to previous researchesarticles. One of these relation that is significant, is between impulse buying tendency & impulsebuying. On the other h&, one of them is significant, but effect is reverse. It is established questioneree& a model that suitable for impulse buying in Tehran- Iran. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Conceptual Basis of Music in Siljuk Period based on the 5th to 7th Centuries A.H. Texts
        بابک خضرائی
        Very little is known about the music under the Siljuks. This waspossibly due to the nature of the music itself, which unlike somemonuments, metal works and other handcrafts, and also poets’collections, has gone forever, and also in the Siljuks era (maybe as aresul More
        Very little is known about the music under the Siljuks. This waspossibly due to the nature of the music itself, which unlike somemonuments, metal works and other handcrafts, and also poets’collections, has gone forever, and also in the Siljuks era (maybe as aresult of wars and various displacements), it was not usual to writetreatise on music. However, there are some reports and signs of musicin the written sources that show Siljuks courts supported some of theprominent musicians. There are also the treatises which have beenwritten on music during this era; for example, Khayyām’s musictreatise, Muhammad Nishabūrī’s treatise and the Jāmi’ al-Ulūm’ssection on music (chapter 48). On the basis of these sources, the musicof this age is divided into Bazmī (lyrical) and Razmī (epical). Somemusical instruments used in Bazmī music are Rubāb, Chaghāna,Chang (Lyre), Sinj (cymbal), Tanbūr, Ney, Rūd, Barbat ,Ūd (lute),Mizhar and Daf. And the musical instruments played in Razmī musicare Tabl (drum), Kūs, Burw-i Parang and Nafīr that the two last onesare attributed to AlbArsalān. It is supposed that Khurāsān’s 12 notessystem were received to Byzantine and Baghdad by the extension ofdominion of Siljuks from East to West. Manuscript profile
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        7 - بررسی موانع درون سازمانی موثر در عدم توسعه انجمنهای صنفی روزنامهنگاری ایران؛ مقایسه با کشورهای توسعهیافته
        سارا محمدپور
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Estimation of fuzzy parameters based on neural networks using trapezoidal data
        razieh naderkhani Mohammad Hassan Behzadi tahereh Razzaghnia rahman farnoosh
        Fuzzy regression is a generalized regression model that shows the relationship between independent and dependent variables in the fuzzy environment. Fuzzy linear regression analysis is the generalization of regression models that is appropriate using all data based on a More
        Fuzzy regression is a generalized regression model that shows the relationship between independent and dependent variables in the fuzzy environment. Fuzzy linear regression analysis is the generalization of regression models that is appropriate using all data based on a specific criterion. This paper uses an adaptive neural fuzzy inference system to analyze and predict a non-parametric fuzzy regression function with non-fuzzy inputs and symmetrical trapezoidal fuzzy outputs. To this end, a new hybrid algorithm is proposed in which fuzzy minimum squares and linear programming are used to optimize secondary weights. Algorithms are applied by multi layer validation to validate models. More precisely, the accuracy of the algorithms with simulations is fully confirmed. Finally, two simulation examples were used to examine the efficiency of the model, in which the data were defined as trapezoidal numbers and by teaching them and specifying the number of rules used, the unknown parameters were estimated. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Nearest and farthest points in nonlinear semi inner product spaces
        Hamid Mazaheri mohamad jafar salehi Saeid Alikhani
        10.30495/jnrm.2022.48788.1768
        In this paper, we first introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear sem More
        In this paper, we first introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Computing the efficiency interval of decision making units (DMUs) having interval inputs and outputs with the presence of negative data
        M. Rostamy-Malkhalifeh F. seyed Esmaeili
        The basic assumption in data envelopment analysis patterns (DEA) (such as the CCR andBCC models) is that the value of data related to the inputs and outputs is a precise andpositive number, but most of the time in real conditions of business, determining precisenumerica More
        The basic assumption in data envelopment analysis patterns (DEA) (such as the CCR andBCC models) is that the value of data related to the inputs and outputs is a precise andpositive number, but most of the time in real conditions of business, determining precisenumerical value is not possible in for some inputs or outputs. For this purpose, differentmodels have been proposed in DEA for imprecise data over recent years and also severalresearches have been conducted on DEA that are able to evaluate efficiency with negativedata. The negative interval DEA pattern which has been introduced and used in the presentstudy, addresses uncertainty both in inputs and outputs and provides user with more stableand reliable results for decision making.Now, in this paper a model is presented that is able to compute efficiency interval of unitswith interval input and output that while some indicators can also be negative and then weprove that the efficiency interval that this model gives us is more precise compared toefficiency interval of models previously proposed and finally, ten decision making units(DMUs) with the negative imprecise (interval) data are investigated by the proposed modeland the results of the proposed model are compared with the results of the previous models. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - Three steps method for portfolio optimization by using Conditional Value at Risk measure
        S. Navidi sh. Banihashemi M. Sanei
        Comprehensive methods must be used for portfolio optimization. For this purpose, financial data of stock companies, inputs and outputs variable, the risk measure and investor’s preferences must be considered. By considering these items, we propose a method for por More
        Comprehensive methods must be used for portfolio optimization. For this purpose, financial data of stock companies, inputs and outputs variable, the risk measure and investor’s preferences must be considered. By considering these items, we propose a method for portfolio optimization. In this paper, we used financial data of companies for screening the stock companies. We used Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) as a risk measure, because of its advantages. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) can be used to calculate the efficiency of stock companies. Conventional DEA models assume non-negative data. However, many of these data take the negative value, therefore we propose the MeanSharp- CVaR (MSh CV) model and the Multi Objective MeanSharp- CVaR (MOMSh CV) model base on Range Directional Measure (RDM) that can take positive and negative values. By using Multi Objective Decision Making (MODM) model, investors can allocate their capital to the stocks of portfolio as they like. Finally, a numerical example of the purposed method is applied to Iran’s financial market. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        12 - Analyzing the effect of denial of parentage on the financial and non-financial rights of children in Iran's legal system
        Maryam ul Sadat Mohaghegh Damad Reihaneh Jalali Farahani
        10.30495/jlap.2023.74186.1727
        Relative relationship may be denied for various reasons and motivations. The denier of relative relation claims that the relative relation that apparently exists is contrary to reality. In general, any person who benefits from the denial of lineage can file a lawsuit fo More
        Relative relationship may be denied for various reasons and motivations. The denier of relative relation claims that the relative relation that apparently exists is contrary to reality. In general, any person who benefits from the denial of lineage can file a lawsuit for denial of lineage. Therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to clearly state the approach of Iranian law towards the legal status of a child whose parentage has been denied. Since there may be a difference between the rights of a child whose parentage is denied and the rights of a child who does not have this feature, it is necessary to determine which of the financial and non-financial rights is different between the child whose parentage is denied and the child whose not. The result of this research is that those rights that such a child still enjoys are financial rights, alimony and non-financial rights, guardianship, custody, family name and birth certificate. Inheritance is also a right that is affected by denying lineage. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        13 - Berlin’s Articulation of Value Pluralism and Human Rights
        مسعود Rostami
        After the downfall of the Soviet Union and the impact ofglobalization, universalist democray has become the focus ofattention. Given the intensification of universal civil society andmuch of the progress in establishment of democratic govrenments the implications of hum More
        After the downfall of the Soviet Union and the impact ofglobalization, universalist democray has become the focus ofattention. Given the intensification of universal civil society andmuch of the progress in establishment of democratic govrenments the implications of human right has become a significant subject ofthe debate. The prominance of human rights from all side developedwith different kind of interpretations. Isaiah Berlin as the renownedpolitical and moral thinker of the age, has realized his task as oneof contributing to this idea. Comparing him with later liberals, hisaccount of human rights remains unexplored. In Beriln’s most explicitaccount, the national law doctrine is presented as unrestricted. In thisarticle, the author attempts to conclude with a brief discussion of theconception of human rights flowing from the value pluralism. Centralto this improvement of classical liberalism through the agonistic one,what is special about Berlin’s version of value pluralism, which leds tothe promotion of human rights? Manuscript profile
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        14 - Investigating the Relationship between Conservative and Negative Skewness of Stock Returns with Emphasis Debt Maturity in the Life Cycle
        Mohammad Hossein Asadi Moshizi Zohreh Hajiha Sayedeh Mahboubeh Jafari
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between conservatism and stock price crash risk with emphasis on debt maturity in the life cycle of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the financial statements of 106 companies were c More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between conservatism and stock price crash risk with emphasis on debt maturity in the life cycle of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the financial statements of 106 companies were collected during the period 2011-2017. Multivariate regression with combined data was used to test the hypotheses. The Givoly & Hayn criteria were used for conservatism and the negative skewness criterion was used to stock price crash risk. The findings of the first hypothesis test suggest that there is a relationship between accounting conservatism and the stock price crash risk. In other words, conservative practices will reduce the stock price crash risk. The findings of the second hypothesis test also suggest that debt maturity has a moderating role on the relationship between accounting conservatism and stock price crash risk. In the life cycle stages, the above hypotheses were confirmed in the maturity and growth stages. In other words, conservatism reduces the likelihood of bad news coming into the market, thereby reducing the stock price crash risk. Debt maturity also increases the ability of conservatism to reduce the stock price crash risk. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        15 - A Comparision Between Explanatory Power of CAMP and D-CAPM in Predicting Expected Stock Return
        افسانه توانگر مهدی Kh
        Most of the academic studies identified β factor as a risk-based measure of stock return volatility and used Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) to measure portfolio risk and estimate expected return. Over the last few years, the semi-variance of stock return devel More
        Most of the academic studies identified β factor as a risk-based measure of stock return volatility and used Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) to measure portfolio risk and estimate expected return. Over the last few years, the semi-variance of stock return developed proposing the downside β as an alternative measure of risk. Based on Downside CAPM (D-CAPM), we investigated the capability of the CAPM and D-CAPM to estimate required returns on equity in Tehran Stock Exchange as an emerging market and focused on comparing the ability of β factor to explain the cross-section of returns relative to that of alternative risk variable as downside β. Considering information of stock return of 138 firms from 2005 to 2009, we established a hypothesis as: “The D-CAPM has more explanatory power to predict the expected stock return volatility rather than CAPM.” Through studying the relationship between stock returns and beta and d-beta, stable and direct significant correlation of d-beta and stock returns clarify the importance of d-beta and D-CAPM in measuring the risk and expected return rather than beta and CAPM.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        16 - Analysis of the the Impact of Symmetric and Asymmetric Shocks of Oil Price on Investor Sentiment in IRAN: Markovs-Switching Approach
        Maryam Yosofinezhad Hossein Sharifi-Renani Saeed Daei-Karimzadeh
        10.30495/jfksa.2022.19838
        According to the special role of oil in the international economy and also the effect fluctuations of this global variable on the performance of financial market and its role in financial dicisions always has been considered by investors.Therefore, the role of oil in th More
        According to the special role of oil in the international economy and also the effect fluctuations of this global variable on the performance of financial market and its role in financial dicisions always has been considered by investors.Therefore, the role of oil in the economy is not only for macroeconomic indicators, rather it has affected on the stock market indicators and variables. Also, according to the special role of oil in the economy of Iran and foreign exchange earnings, the stock market can be affected by fluctuations of oil price. Therefore, determining and recognizing the impact of stock price has played a significant role in forcasting and the overall market trend. And it should also be considered important in the level of investor sentiments and desire to invest. One of the components that always fluctuate the investor sentiments is oil price. In countries such as Iran , Which are heavily dependent on oil revenues the effects of oil price fluctuations are also more sever.Considering that the result of oil exports is the entry of currency in to the country and these currencies are used by the government to developthe country.So the exchange rate is one of therelated  categories with investor sentiments.According to the description provided to achieve prosperity and stability development ,studing and recognizing the investor sentiments and the effective factors are special important.Accordingly , in present study using the monthly data for the years from 1391 to 1398 with the approach of markovs swiching  identify the factors affecting the investment.Research results show that fluctuation in oil prices, exchange rate , money supply and consumer price index can be effective on the investor sentiment. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        17 - Predicting negative stock price shocks based on the Meta heuristic approach
        Ebrahim fadaei iman dadashi Mohammad javad zare bahnamiri kaveh azinfar
        According to capital market research, the negative shock of stock price in any market is a function of environmental factors and specific characteristics of the company and any insight into how to describe and predict the shock can influence the decisions of investors a More
        According to capital market research, the negative shock of stock price in any market is a function of environmental factors and specific characteristics of the company and any insight into how to describe and predict the shock can influence the decisions of investors and stakeholders. In this study, based on the data related to 96 financial ratios of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during a period of 9 years between 2010 and 3012, we have predicted a negative shock of stock price based on the meta-heuristic approach. In this research, in order to extract the optimal financial ratios, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization have been used. The proposed model is then tested using these extracted features by a support vector machine with a radial core and an artificial neural network. The results showed that the variables extracted from the particle swarm optimization algorithm, together with the support vector machine learning algorithm, create better results for predicting shocks (temporary and permanent) and their number.  Manuscript profile
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        18 - بررسی اثرات پویای شوک‌های سیاست‌های پولی بر تولیدات صنعتی در ایران
        ابراهیم نصیری فر
        10.30495/jae.2022.65002.1396
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        19 - Skeptical Buyers and Their Price Sensitivity in buying Optional Insurance
        Nafiseh Norouzi Daryakenari mohammad javad taghi pourian sepideh Ataei
        Research purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of buyers' skepticism such as skepticism about social responsibility, resilience to negative information, equity, and word of mouth advertising on buyers' price sensitivity. Research methodology: A S More
        Research purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of buyers' skepticism such as skepticism about social responsibility, resilience to negative information, equity, and word of mouth advertising on buyers' price sensitivity. Research methodology: A Sample of 411 people using cluster sampling from real clients of Razi insurance of west of Mazandaran province was selected by questionnaire  that was adopted of two surveys Skarmeas and Leonidou (2013) and Iran et al (2011) and hypotheses were tested by means of structural equation model. Research results: Skepticism to social responsibility would effect on the level of price sensitivity while the hygiene factors are not observed in the organization but as long as the organization is in compliance will have little effect. While resilience to negative information, as well as fairness and word of mouth advertising has a positive impact on price sensitivity. Research limitations: Limitations exist since very little research has been done in the field of skepticism and its effects on the price sensitivity in the field of marketing. Such a plan is suggested to conduct to generalize more in the other insurance firms. Managerial usages of the research: According to the findings, branches should find staffs that have acceptable expertise. It means that they have features include: Sufficient awareness of the relevant insurance services, the speed of doing things, provide better services, identify customer needs, performance, etc. Research innovation: Skepticism in the area of marketing services has not been evaluated in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Investigating the Impact of emotions on the Intention to buy customers of Green Products (Studied case: Students of the Islamic Azad University of Kashan)
        alireza naalchi kashi Seyed Mohammad Tabataba’i- Nasab
        Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the intention to purchase green products. For this purpose, a total of 450 students from the Islamic Azad University of Kashan took part in this survey. Methodology: The research method was app More
        Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the intention to purchase green products. For this purpose, a total of 450 students from the Islamic Azad University of Kashan took part in this survey. Methodology: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of analysis, it was of the scaling type. The data collection tool and sampling for the questionnaire were done randomly and to determine the sample, the Cochran formula was utilized. This study used the SPSS software to analyze the descriptive statistics (demographical factors) and through the software PLS, the connection between the variables was investigated by structural equation modeling. Findings: The results indicated that environmental beliefs affect environmental concern and there must be a positive relationship between them. Also, the increase in environmental concern leads to an increase in the attitude to consume green products, and finally an increase in the consumers' intention to purchasing green products. Furthermore, an increase in environmental concerns also increases positive emotions, which in turn increases the consumers' will to purchase green products. Finally, with increasing environmental concerns, negative emotions increase. But the effect of negative emotions is on reverse purchasing intention. Research Limitations: The tested model now uses purchase intention as a result variable instead of real purchase, and in practice, it will be difficult to develop a research framework in a controlled real behavior. Managerial Implications and Originality/Valve: Investigating the role of positive and negative emotions on the intention of purchasing green products helps marketing managers up to by correct identifying consumers' emotions can designing appropriate strategies for encouraging them to use green products. Keywords: Environmental Beliefs, Environmental Concern, Positive Emotions, Negative Emotions, Attitudes toward Green Products, Theory of Reasoned Action. Manuscript profile
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        21 - Impact of marketing mix and marketing efforts of social media on consumer response according to the mediating role of brand equity
        effat haji hoseini abolfazl sohrabi
        The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of marketing mix and marketing efforts of social media on consumer response according to the mediating role of brand equity which done in the mobile industry in Yazd. The research method according to purpose was Practical More
        The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of marketing mix and marketing efforts of social media on consumer response according to the mediating role of brand equity which done in the mobile industry in Yazd. The research method according to purpose was Practical, The method of data collection was Descriptive correlational, as well as the type of data was quantitative. The statistical population of this research was all mobile phone users in Yazd city. Due to their unlimited number, using cluster sampling method, according to Morgan table and Cochran formula, 384 people were selected as the sample size. To collect data, we use the social media marketing efforts questionnaire Kim and KO (2012), brand equity Kim and Hyun (2011), call consumer Tnmayr et al. (2011), Marketing Mix with Izadyar tabloid questionnaire (2011). After collecting the questionnaires, data describing was done through the mean, standard deviation, by Spss software and data Statistical Inference was carried out through structural equation modeling with the help of Lisrel software. Questionnaires Technical characteristics were assessed including reliability, validity, convergent and divergent validity. Path coefficient and significant coefficients were used to examine the hypotheses. The results showed that the degree of appropriateness of proposed model was appropriate with regard to components research. Also Social media marketing and marketing efforts influenced consumers' response with the mediating role of brand equity. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        22 - Investigating the effect of perceived justice on post-purchase intentions through emotions and post-recovery satisfaction (case-study: customers of Ansar Bank branches in Golestan province)
        Fariba Khammar Mehdi Zanganeh Hormoz Mehrani
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived justice on post-purchase intentions through positive emotions, negative emotions and post-recovery satisfaction of customers of Ansar Bank branches in Golestan province in the second 6 months of 1398. More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived justice on post-purchase intentions through positive emotions, negative emotions and post-recovery satisfaction of customers of Ansar Bank branches in Golestan province in the second 6 months of 1398. The present research is an applied research in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection method, it is descriptive-survey and it is also included in the field of causal research. In order to calculate the sample size, Krejcy and Morgan tables were used and 450 people were selected by available sampling method as a sample and a questionnaire was distributed among them that 389 available questionnaires were collected SPSS and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the research data. In the end, the research results showed that justice in the field of financial compensation has a significant effect on positive emotion and post-recovery satisfaction, but there is no significant effect on post-purchase intentions and negative emotions. Procedural justice also has a significant effect on post-purchase intentions and negative emotions and does not have a significant effect on positive emotions and post-recovery satisfaction. Interactive justice also has a significant effect on post-purchase intentions, positive emotions and post-recovery satisfaction. Finally, post-recovery satisfaction has a significant effect on positive emotions and intentions after purchase and has no significant effect on negative emotions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        23 - The Effect of Customers' Negative Emotions on Negative Electronic Word of Mouth Advertising With the Mediating Role of Revenge and Desire to Improve (Case Study: Digikala Company)
        faranak khodayari Shadan Vahabzadeh  Salumeh Rajablu
        10.30495/jomm.2022.68062.1946
        Introduction: Electronic word of mouth created in the Internet and in web marketing environments, are able to attract customers 'attention and direct customers' views on the company's products and services and encourage their behavioral intentions, and therefore the pur More
        Introduction: Electronic word of mouth created in the Internet and in web marketing environments, are able to attract customers 'attention and direct customers' views on the company's products and services and encourage their behavioral intentions, and therefore the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Negative Customer Emotions on Negative Electronic Word of Mouth with the Mediating Role of Revenge and Desire for Improvement. Methods: This research is descriptive-survey (cross-sectional) in terms of method and in terms of purpose is applied research and in terms of type is in the field of field research. The statistical population of this research consists of all customers of Digikala Company. A sample of 384 people according to the Morgan table was selected and studied by the non-probabilistic sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire the validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed through convergent and divergent validity tests and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The structural equation analysis method has also been used to analyze the data. Results: The results of the analysis of research hypotheses using structural equation modeling showed that the negative emotions of customers have a positive effect on negative electronic advertising and the desire for revenge. The desire for revenge also has a positive effect on negative electronic word of mouth. Negative customer emotions have a positive effect on negative electronic oral advertising with the mediating role of the desire for revenge. Conclusion: Negative customer emotions have no positive effect on the desire to improve and the desire to improve has a negative effect on negative electronic oral advertising. In the end, the results showed that negative customer emotions did not have a positive effect on negative electronic oral advertising with the mediating role of the desire to improve.   Manuscript profile
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        24 - The Survey Emotional Impact of Positive and Negative Word of Mouth on Potential Customers
        P. Ghafari Ashtiani Z. Mahram
        This study examines how receiving negative and positive word of mouth from satisfied and dissatisfied customers influences the potential customers. Word of mouth is one of the most important of interpersonal relationships that play excellent role in marketing process. T More
        This study examines how receiving negative and positive word of mouth from satisfied and dissatisfied customers influences the potential customers. Word of mouth is one of the most important of interpersonal relationships that play excellent role in marketing process. There are many literature in word of mouth field but neglected the role of emotional variables that help to word of mouth transmission in researches. The sample includes the potential customers travel agency. In order to collect the field data two questionnaires developed and distributed among the research sample. Questionnaires data were analyzed by the structural equation models (SEM) in Amos soft ware. Results of research represent that emotional variables play the important roles in word of mouth transmission particular in positive word of mouth.   Manuscript profile
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        25 - Investigating Antecedents and Consequences of Service Customer Extra-role Behavior
        A. Abbasi M. Mousavi S. M. Bagheri
        The main objective of the present study is to examine the effective factors on customer extra-role behavior e.g. customer citizenship and customer dysfunctional behavior and the results obtained from these behaviors. In the present study it is assumed that commitment, n More
        The main objective of the present study is to examine the effective factors on customer extra-role behavior e.g. customer citizenship and customer dysfunctional behavior and the results obtained from these behaviors. In the present study it is assumed that commitment, negative affect and perceived justice by customers lead them   to extra-role behavior and shape their image of the quality of perceived services. The statistical population consisted of 220 clients of   Fars province Agriculture Bank in the third quarter of 1390; these subjects were selected by applying simple random sampling. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and model variables were tested by applying Pearson Correlation as well as Regression and SPSS software. Results obtained from experimental test showed that the management of customer extra-role behavior would be as important as employees; moreover, the organization has to manage customers’ negative affect by eliminating their dysfunctional behavior.   Manuscript profile
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        26 - the rule of no_harm in official documents
        nadere jafarzade asghar arabiyan
        10.30495/jfil.2023.71839.1688
        تمام شاخه های دانش دارای قاعده است فقه نیز مانند دیگر علوم ، قاعده ضد است. قواعد فقهی جایگاهقاعده لاضرر، یکی از قواعد مهم و آمره فقهی است که در موضوع و محمول به نحو توسیع و تضییق حکومت واقعی دارد یعنی موضوع و حکم ضری را واقعا و نه ظاهرا برمی دارد. چه در قول نفی ضرر یا ن More
        تمام شاخه های دانش دارای قاعده است فقه نیز مانند دیگر علوم ، قاعده ضد است. قواعد فقهی جایگاهقاعده لاضرر، یکی از قواعد مهم و آمره فقهی است که در موضوع و محمول به نحو توسیع و تضییق حکومت واقعی دارد یعنی موضوع و حکم ضری را واقعا و نه ظاهرا برمی دارد. چه در قول نفی ضرر یا نهی از ضرر، چه شرعی یا حکومتی. در اسناد رسمی لازم الاجرا -که به تجویز قانونگذار بدون نیاز به طرح دعوا در دادگاه، مبادرت به اجرای مفاد سند میگردد- حکم ضرری طی فرایندی مرفوع خواهد بود. بدین نحو که درصورت محرز بودن ورود ضرر حاصل از نفس عملیات اجرایی به محض اعلام هریک از طرفین و یا ثالث ، قابل رسیدگی در اداره ثبت محل ، سپس در هیأت نظارت است. این فرایند رسیدگی به اعتراض، ترجمان حاکمیت لاضرر است که از سوی قانونگذار بلحاظ اعتباربخشی به اسناد رسمی لازم الاجرا و در راستای اهدافی که در رسمیت بخشی به اسناد مطرح است بدون نیاز به طرح دعوا در دادگاه، به ادارات ثبت واگذار شده است. در هر حال به حکم رأی هیأت عمومی دیوان عالی کشور امکان تظلم به دادگاه و شکایت از تصمیم قطعی هیات عالی نظارت به قوت خود باقی خواهد بود. Manuscript profile
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        27 - One of the most important juridical rules derived from a Quranic verse is the principle of no hardship which is applied in different jurisprudential topics from purity to blood money. Although this principle is presented by jurists alongside other principles such as the “principle of no harm” and permissibility of forbidden acts in urgent and emergency situations in inferring legal commandments, the question that needs to be examined is that with
        Khatereh Shahinfard Saeed Nazari Tavakkoli Reza Omani Samani Ahmad Abedini
        Manuscript profile
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        28 - Bloated Balance Sheet and Substitute Mechanisms to Avoid Negative Earnings Surprises
        Hassan Farajzadeh Dehkordi Hassan Hemmati Hale Sanaee
        In this paper, we examine the role of the balance sheet as a constraint on accrual-basedearnings management and its impact on the tradeoffs between accrual-based earningsmanagement, real earnings management, and forecast guidance in managing earningssurprises. Overall, More
        In this paper, we examine the role of the balance sheet as a constraint on accrual-basedearnings management and its impact on the tradeoffs between accrual-based earningsmanagement, real earnings management, and forecast guidance in managing earningssurprises. Overall, our evidence suggests that managers turn to real earnings management or downward forecast guidance as a substitute mechanism to avoid negative earnings surprises when their ability to manipulate accruals upward is constrained by the extent to which net assets are already overstated in the balance sheet. Nevertheless, our evidence should be interpreted with caution given the limitations of our study. In particular, our study uses management’ earnings forecasts rather than analysts’ earnings forecasts. Manuscript profile
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        29 - Social capital and development in the provinces of Iran
        aboalghasem heidarabadi ابراهیم صالح آبادی
        10.30495/jisds.2007.21231
        Social capital as a complex or multifaceted structure or conception has species, levels, facets and subjective aspects, factors, outcomes and characteristics that are not specified in the theoretical and empirical sources as it should or may not have been. Although this More
        Social capital as a complex or multifaceted structure or conception has species, levels, facets and subjective aspects, factors, outcomes and characteristics that are not specified in the theoretical and empirical sources as it should or may not have been. Although this concept has become a comprehensive topic in sociological texts, it has received less attention in the field of economics. In this paper, we try to review the results that the researchers in the field of economics with regard to the economic effects of social capital have gained through reviewing available sources, and to show the relationship between social capital and development in Iran.The most general result of the review of the literature of social capital in Iran is the disagreement and consensus of the researchers on the indicators of social capital in Iran. The researchers have used numerous and contradictory reagents to measure social capital. The results of the research showed that not only there is no positive relationship between development and social capital in Iran, but it is negative. This relationship goes back to the nature of the development process in Iran, because development in Iran is a government and not influenced by the economy. Manuscript profile
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        30 - The role of social networks in transformation of political culture in Iran case study: Tehran University Students
        majid tabibi jebeli Abolghasem Taheri Alireza Azghandi
        10.30495/jisds.2007.21240
        The present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's politica More
        The present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's political culture three types of political cultures including "traditional", "causal" and "participatory" have been considered in this research. These three types of political culture are characterized by three dimensions: "cognitive", "emotional" and "evaluative", in relation to the four categories of "system", "inputs", "outputs" and "oneself as an actor". Grounded and independent variables in this research are gender, field of study, academic degree, university type and virtual social networks. The results of the research show that the population studied has the same patterns of political culture and the prevailing pattern among them is a positive participatory model. Although there is a negative participatory pattern among them, which is not defined in Almond's and his colleagues' views. Manuscript profile
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        31 - Social Capital and Development in the Provinces of Iran
        Abolgasem Heidarabadi Ebrahim Salehabadi
        Social capital as a complex or multifaceted structure or conception has species, levels, facets and subjective aspects, factors, outcomes and characteristics that are not specified in the theoretical and empirical sources as it should or may not have been. Although this More
        Social capital as a complex or multifaceted structure or conception has species, levels, facets and subjective aspects, factors, outcomes and characteristics that are not specified in the theoretical and empirical sources as it should or may not have been. Although this concept has become a comprehensive topic in sociological texts, it has received less attention in the field of economics. In this paper, we try to review the results that the researchers in the field of economics with regard to the economic effects of social capital have gained through reviewing available sources, and to show the relationship between social capital and development in Iran. The most general result of the review of the literature of social capital in Iran is the disagreement and consensus of the researchers on the indicators of social capital in Iran. The researchers have used numerous and contradictory reagents to measure social capital. The results of the research showed that not only there is no positive relationship between development and social capital in Iran, but it is negative. This relationship goes back to the nature of the development process in Iran, because development in Iran is a government and not influenced by the economy. Manuscript profile
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        32 - The Role of social Networks in Transformation of Political Culture in Iran (Case of Study: Tehran University Students)
        Majid Tabibi Jebelli Alireza Azghandi Abolghasem Taheri Vahid Shalchi
        The present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's politica More
        The present study is based on a study of a sample of 385 students of Tehran universities by survey method and using the questionnaire technique which addresses the impact of virtual social networks on students' political culture. According to Almond and Verba's political culture three types of political cultures including "traditional", "causal" and "participatory" have been considered in this research. These three types of political culture are characterized by three dimensions: "cognitive", "emotional" and "evaluative", in relation to the four categories of "system", "inputs", "outputs" and "oneself as an actor". Grounded and independent variables in this research are gender, field of study, academic degree, university type and virtual social networks. The results of the research show that the population studied has the same patterns of political culture and the prevailing pattern among them is a positive participatory model. Although there is a negative participatory pattern among them, which is not defined in Almond's and his colleagues' views. Manuscript profile
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        33 - Conceptual Analysis of the Subject of Metaphysics in Suhrawardi's Hikmat al-Ishraq
        Mahmud Hedayatafza Zeynab Bostani
        The subject of metaphysics, which was introduced in Greek philosophy, and especially in Aristotle's books, was expanded into the works of Muslim thinkers after being translated into Arabic. Most of them chose the most famous subject for the first teacher, that is, &ldqu More
        The subject of metaphysics, which was introduced in Greek philosophy, and especially in Aristotle's books, was expanded into the works of Muslim thinkers after being translated into Arabic. Most of them chose the most famous subject for the first teacher, that is, “existing in terms of existence”, sometimes under the influence of other words from Aristotle, “the object” and sometimes because of their religious tendencies, considered “obligatory existence” as the subject of philosophy. The present research is responsible for Hakim Sohrawardi's innovative view on this issue. The authors' method of discussion is a combination of historical description, analysis and comparison. Sohrawardi, in his works in the Peripatetic style, seems to have accepted Ibn Sina's view, preferring the title “existing in terms of existence” to other topics in philosophy in Peripatetic literature, and only in some places, the word “existence” in terms of its original meaning. Replaces “existing”. But in the book Hikmat al-Ishraq, we encounter a new conceptual system in which the “object” as the most obvious concept takes the place of existence and existence, and regardless of any constraints, is considered the subject of Enlightenment metaphysics. Sohrawardi from the beginning divides the object into light and darkness, and after that, other concepts of illuminated wisdom are formed. One of the important results of this approach is the denial of the validity of darkness and the rejection of the idea of the similarity of light, despite the fact that the commentators of the book Hikmat al-Ishraq have not properly. Manuscript profile
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        34 - Analysis of balance for geomorphologic shapes, depend on Deyvis & Gylbert's point of views and it's adaptation with some Qoran's interpretations
        Fatemeh Saki Mohammdreza Servati Ebrahim Moqimi
        In the fields of insight recognition, the significances are applied often differently, so despitehaving the same structure and domain in the matter, their coincidence's load varies in differentaspects. Geomorphologic's balance is one of the examples. The meaning of bala More
        In the fields of insight recognition, the significances are applied often differently, so despitehaving the same structure and domain in the matter, their coincidence's load varies in differentaspects. Geomorphologic's balance is one of the examples. The meaning of balance is appliedin all evolution aspects of Dayvis, in the field of systematic perception'sdistrict(ramesht1381p77) and also in the Qoran's interpretations. the Dayvis 's point of viewtime would encounter evolutions orgradually depletions, in other words they haveunreturnable changes in a way that this meaning has its origin in antropy's backgrounds andpositive feedbacks. but undoubtedly the balances meaning in dayvis's opinion differs with theqoran's systematic point of view.(chapters:naml,verse88,shams,verse6,meraj,verse9,alqare,verse5 and many others)thatexpresses the evolution, regularity, permanency and balance in the phenomenons. but with thegylbert's that the forms and processes could be related to negative feedbacks that thechangings are with different speeds and cause surfaces forms proportionaly vary with them.therefore the earth's forms are dependant to a situation which the forms that change in ashorter time. in this editorial is tried to analyze the conflicts and the similarities through thebasis of library studies. the issue will help to achieve a better comprehension from themeanings by encountering different views of balance in Geomorphology and also emphasiseson the importance of it's significances load, and the contrasts in different views. Manuscript profile
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        35 - Determination of the significance of beta-hydroxy butyrate, non esterified fatty acids and some other serum biochemical parameters as predictors of left displacement of abomasum in cattle
        نوید Basiri SH Safi ایرج Norouzian عباس Rahimi Foroushani
        Left displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 b More
        Left displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 biochemicalparameters of cows with LDA before and after parturition were compared to those of healthycows (control group) using logistic regression statistical model. Changes in six parameters,including beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), calcium, sodium and potassium were significant (p<0.05) between thegroups and were included in the prediction model. Manuscript profile
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        36 - Sensitivity analysis of meteorological data in estimating reference evapotranspiration with the minimum data using wavelet-neuro-fuzzy, ANN and ANFIS models
        ahmadreza karimipour Golnoosh Banitalebi
        The aim of this study was to estimate the ET0 in a moderately cold semi-humid climate in a 22-year statistical period by applying a wavelet-neuro-fuzzy model with a minimum number of input parameters.The results were compared with the ANN and ANFIS models to evaluate th More
        The aim of this study was to estimate the ET0 in a moderately cold semi-humid climate in a 22-year statistical period by applying a wavelet-neuro-fuzzy model with a minimum number of input parameters.The results were compared with the ANN and ANFIS models to evaluate the performance of the wavelet-neuro-fuzzy model, The sensitivity analysis of the input parameters was done in three ways: Hill method, coefficient of determination, and StatSoft. Sensitivity analysis showed that temperature (T), Rs, Ra, mean daily wind speed at 2 meters (U2) and Rn were an effective parameter.Based on the results of the sensitivity analysis, six combinations with these parameters were selected.The results indicate that the wavelet-neural-fuzzy model has a better performance than the artificial neural network model. The results also showed that the estimated ET0 value with three inputs parameters of maximum and minimum temperature and solar radiation using fuzzy-neural-wavelet model was more accurate than the neural network. Based on the coefficient of determination and the amount of calculated error for the artificial neural network and the Anfis, use of the combination of 7 input parameters (Ra, Rn, Rs, U2, Tmean, Tmin and Tmax) and four meteorological input parameters (Ra, U2, Tmean and Tmax) lead to more accurate estimates of ET0 in comparison to the FAO Penman-Monteith method. The results also showed that the highest amount of explanatory factor and the lowest error value among the different wavelets used in the fuzzy-neuro-wavelet model were for the 7 and three input parameters (Tmax, Tmin, Rs), respectively. Manuscript profile
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        37 - Paul and the Law
        Babak Khasekhan Habib Bashirpour
        Despite the fact that Paul’s view on law does not constitute the core of his theology, the subject is nonetheless one of the most controversial and frequent issues of his theology. Many theologians hold that he denied the law, and in particular the mosaic law, and More
        Despite the fact that Paul’s view on law does not constitute the core of his theology, the subject is nonetheless one of the most controversial and frequent issues of his theology. Many theologians hold that he denied the law, and in particular the mosaic law, and in other words, he didn’t regard it as an important factor in attaining salvation. Others consider Paul as distorting Jesus’ teachings. However, it should be considered that his views on law are indeed a natural result of his Christology and without having this point in mind, our understanding of his views is faulty and incomplete. From another point of view, as Underhill puts it, Paul is to be considered a mystic rather than a rationalistic theologian, and so he considered the concept of law from the point of view of a mystic, not a theologian. On the other hand, by redefining the Jewish religious concepts, and especially its law, he was trying to bring closer the Jews to gentiles. This paper is going to make the point that the negation of the law by Paul was relative not absolute, and in his view the degree of people’s observance of the law depends on ethnic, religious and personal factors. Manuscript profile
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        38 - The Concept of "Beyond Being" and the Absence of "Relation" in Plotinus’ Thoughts
        طاهره مسگر هروی
        Plotinus used the concept of “Beyond Being” for “The One”, in order totranscend it from any kind of definition, determination and multiplicity. Suchtranscendence causes a great gap between the source of existence and allbeings, and it challenges More
        Plotinus used the concept of “Beyond Being” for “The One”, in order totranscend it from any kind of definition, determination and multiplicity. Suchtranscendence causes a great gap between the source of existence and allbeings, and it challenges the most important mystical elements such as“relation” and “love”. Plotinus, in his philosophical attitude, has no signs ofmystical passion and enthusiasm which are the characteristics of the easternpoetic mysticism. Although Plotinus’ thinking has been the background oftheoretical mysticism and has affected eastern philosophers and mystics, hismysticism essentially is based on Greek philosophical thinking. The conceptof “Beyond Being” is very similar to the idea of “the Good” of Plato. In fact,Plotinus owes this concept to Plato’s theories. By Using this concept and bystripping “the One” from all familiar human characteristics such as thought,love, consciousness, will, and forgiveness, Plotinus describes “the One” as anunknown and unfamiliar concept; so it could be said that his God is a cold andsilent one. On the other hand, the transcendence of "the One" in the idea of"Beyond Being" changes the concept of "creation" into "emanation"; soPlotinus did not need to explain about the absence of God’s attributes such aswill and consciousness. Due to the absence of the concept of "relation", thereis no sign of "faith" in mystical philosophy of Plotinus. In fact, by thisontology he tries to analyze and define God and human in an analytical way.By surveying the concept of "Beyond Being", we come to two generalconclusions:1) There is no "relation" between men and the source of creation, and asa result, there is no passionate love and enthusiasm between them.2) The material world is worthless and vain; therefore, all the worldlydesires are invalid. Manuscript profile
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        39 - Negation of Thoughts (Nafy al-Khawāãir) in Islamic Mysticism: How and Why
        Gorban Valiei Mohammadabadi Houriye Hashemi Kouchaksaraei
        One of the fundamental elements of mystical journey in Taßawwuf is nafy al-Khawāãir (negation of thoughts), which means cleansing of the mind from all thoughts and images. The mystic has to work on this concept from the first stage of his journey up to the More
        One of the fundamental elements of mystical journey in Taßawwuf is nafy al-Khawāãir (negation of thoughts), which means cleansing of the mind from all thoughts and images. The mystic has to work on this concept from the first stage of his journey up to the last, which is anihilation in God. Only with full negation of thoughts, can the mystic receive divine lights and manifestations. This essay attempts to emphasize the role of nafy al-khawāãir by investigating its cause, function, and consequences, and by introducing thoughts (khawāãir), their types, and the method of their recognition. Manuscript profile
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        40 - 2
        مهدی برقعی پروین نصیری مرتضی رحمتیان سوسن اصغری
        2
        2 Manuscript profile
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        41 - Antibiotic Resistance in Isolated Negative Gram Bacteria From Intestinal Organ of Anzali Wetland Wild Common Carp
        Shila Safaeian Zahra Moghaddam Hedayat Hosseiny Akbar Esmaili
        Introduction: A research has been performed on antibiotics' resistance in negative gram bacteriaseparated of wild common carps intestinal organ.Material and Method: 126 negative Gram bacteria have been separated in total and resistancerate of bacteria in relation to 6 A More
        Introduction: A research has been performed on antibiotics' resistance in negative gram bacteriaseparated of wild common carps intestinal organ.Material and Method: 126 negative Gram bacteria have been separated in total and resistancerate of bacteria in relation to 6 Antibiotics are measured: Ampicillin (10 microgram Am),Streptomycin (30 microgram S), Tetracycline (30 microgram T), Chloramphenicol (30 microgram C),Gentamycine (10 microgram GM), Amikacin (30 microgram AK).Results and Discussion: The results showed that negative Gram bacteria in comparison toantibiotic such as Ampicillin (93.5%), Streptomycin (51.15%), Tetracycline (46.5%) had higherresistance. So it showed that such bacteria’s resistance in comparison to Chloramphenicol (12.15%). isrelatively low and it showed loss of existence of resistance in negative Gram bacteria in comparison toGentamycine and Amikacin (0%).Surveying of the resistance rate of bacteria to some antibiotics show that 80% of separated bacteriafrom fish intestinal organ in comparison to consumption antibiotics are multi-resistance.Research shows that antibiotics consumption in animal is growing and more consumption ofantibiotics in environment could cause bioenvironmental problems such as resistance againstantibiotics. This research which was done for the first time in Anzali Wetland on Antibiotic resistancerate in negative Gram bacteria separated of wild common carp digestive system shows that negativegram system resistance against antibiotics in Anzali Wetland is high. Manuscript profile
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        42 - Evaluating the Effect of Deforestation on the Runoff- Peak by KINFIL Model (Case study: Sepidroud catchment)
        Alireza Mardookhpour Leila Ooshaksaraie
        Introdouction: KINFIL rainfall-runoff model has been used for the reconstruction of the rainfall runoff events in agricultural land use. Method: The implementation of the KINFIL model supported by GIS proved to be a proper method for the flood runoff assessment on Sepid More
        Introdouction: KINFIL rainfall-runoff model has been used for the reconstruction of the rainfall runoff events in agricultural land use. Method: The implementation of the KINFIL model supported by GIS proved to be a proper method for the flood runoff assessment on Sepidroud catchments (north of Iran), during different scenarios of the rainfall events. Results: The results show when the observed discharge peak was 2.25 m**3/s, the computed discharge by the KINFIL model predicted 2.4 m**3/s (about 7% errors) and when the observed discharge peak was 1.9 m**3/s, the computed discharge by the KINFIL model predicted 1.8 m**3/s (about 5% errors) .Also, the KINFIL model may be used for the catchment management, including the investigation of deforestation on predict flood runoff assessment with a significant precision. The results showed when deforestation reaches 10% of total primitive areas in Sepidroud basin, the runoff-peak may increase more than 14.5 times Manuscript profile
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        43 - Isolation and characterization Anthracene degrading Gram negative bacteria from water and sediment contaminanted by these compounds
        Farshid Kafilzade Somaye behzadi shahrbabak
        Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)form a group of compound compused of two or more fused aromatic rings that are carcinogen and mutagenic for human and animals. thay are formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter and fossil fuel. PAHs are released into t More
        Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)form a group of compound compused of two or more fused aromatic rings that are carcinogen and mutagenic for human and animals. thay are formed by the incomplete combustion of organic matter and fossil fuel. PAHs are released into the environment from way waste water of factories producting Coke,oil,s refineries and industrials that use from very high temperatures,also these compounds are primary substance producting cosmetics,polymers,high explosive,fertilizer,colours and etc,that transfer to environment when used. Today biodegradation of PAHs by microorganisms is the best way for fending these contamination and because bacteria have variety enzymes, hence thay are the best microorganism. Anthracene is tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, solid and Phenanthrene isomer. Anthracene is major source colours such Anthrakinon and Alizarin. Anthracene is formed by the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. In this paper,we isolate anthracene degrading Gram negative bacteria from Maharlu lake.samples of lake,s sediments and water were collected from four sites in Maharlu lake. Samples filtered and cultured in Mineral medium that include inorganic compound, trace element and anthracene. Post of sequential cultures in specialized medium and employed biochemical tests, isolated gram negative bacteria and identified species and genus.The bacteria include Pseudomonas, Vibrio, Nocardia, Aeromonas, Mycobacterium isolated and characterized as anthracene degrading bacteria from lake.Among these bacteria the most bacteria was in Khoshk river,s estury and the least was in lake,s center.Whereas Pseudomonas have the most dispersal,can used as anthracene degrading indicator species. Manuscript profile
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        44 - Effect of Dividend Reduction and Corporate Tax Avoidance on Stock price crash risk (Negative skewness approach and low volatility approach)
        parviz dindar farkoushy Hossein Panahian Hossein jabbari
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dividend reduction and corporate tax avoidance on the Stock price crash risk. Two measures of negative skewness coefficient and low to high volatility were used to measure the stock price crash risk. In this rega More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dividend reduction and corporate tax avoidance on the Stock price crash risk. Two measures of negative skewness coefficient and low to high volatility were used to measure the stock price crash risk. In this regard, the financial data of 131 companies during the period 2014-2019 have been extracted and analyzed by systematic elimination method as a statistical sample of research. Statistical analysis was performed using Eviews9 software at 95% confidence level and panel data and linear regression model were used to test the hypotheses. F-Limer (Chow) and Hausman statistics were used to determine how the regressions fit. The normality of the error distributions was evaluated by the Jarkue-Bera test, the residual independence was estimated by the Durbin-Watson statistic, and the test of variance by the Bartlett test. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between dividend reduction and the stock price crash risk according to both mentioned criteria in companies. Based on the results of the third hypothesis test (taking into account the first index of stock price risk), the ratio of independent directors intensified the direct relationship between the decrease in dividend yield and the Stock price crash risk. Finally, the level of tax avoidance is directly related to stock price crash risk in companies. This result shows that tax avoidance has led to the accumulation of bad news in the company, which with the disclosure of this news leads to a decrease in stock prices. Manuscript profile
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        45 - The Development of Forecasting Model for Coherent Risk in Exchange Companies: Accounting data Approach
        Hosein Aryaeinezhad Arash Naderian Hosein Didekhani Ali Khozain
        Iran Stock Exchange has developed a lot in recent years. Today, the importance of forecasting and its benefits for decision-making and policy-making from various dimensions, especially in the field of investment, is not hidden from anyone. Risk is one of the first conce More
        Iran Stock Exchange has developed a lot in recent years. Today, the importance of forecasting and its benefits for decision-making and policy-making from various dimensions, especially in the field of investment, is not hidden from anyone. Risk is one of the first concerns of investors and is an important criterion in decision making. Value at risk as a risk measure has given way to measuring a variety of risks, but despite the high efficiency of this model due to some shortcomings, including the lack of aggregation feature of a coherent risk measure. Conditional Risk Value (CvaR) is considered as a coherent risk measure that has recently been welcomed and has been proposed as a useful tool for measuring risk.To predict the risk, various models have been presented so far, each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. Some of them are weak in terms of lack of appropriate theoretical foundations and others have not shown proper efficiency in practice despite using appropriate theoretical foundations. Provide adequate empirical risk assessment that helps both investors and anticipate unexpected risks that may threaten companies. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the application of neural network models and hybrid models. In the present study, a combined model of coherent risk prediction is presented and developed using fuzzy neural network inference system (ANFIS) based on Markov switching models and Garch family models. Manuscript profile
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        46 - Explaining the effect of default risk on the risk of falling stock prices in Tehran Stock Exchange
        Abbas Shami yusef tagipourian mehdi maranjory Reza Fallah
        The main purpose of the research is to investigate the impact of default risk on the risk of stock price fall in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the main objective of the research, information was collected from the financial statements of co More
        The main purpose of the research is to investigate the impact of default risk on the risk of stock price fall in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the main objective of the research, information was collected from the financial statements of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 2009-2019. Multiple regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The obtained results show a significant effect of the four criteria of default risk on the negative skewness of stock returns and the risk of stock price fall.The main purpose of the research is to investigate the impact of default risk on the risk of stock price fall in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the main objective of the research, information was collected from the financial statements of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of 2009-2019. Multiple regression with panel data was used to test the hypotheses. The obtained results show a significant effect of the four criteria of default risk on the negative skewness of stock returns and the risk of stock price fall. Manuscript profile
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        47 - Examine the effect of Institutional Investors on Reduce Stock Price Crash Risk
        Zahra Dianati Dilami Mehdi Moradzadeh Fard Saeed Mahmoudi
        This study investigates the effect of institutional investors on stock price crash risk reduction in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Crash of stock price is a phenomenon where stock price will suffer an unexpected severe negative adjustment (Chen, J., H. Hong More
        This study investigates the effect of institutional investors on stock price crash risk reduction in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Crash of stock price is a phenomenon where stock price will suffer an unexpected severe negative adjustment (Chen, J., H. Hong, et al, ٢٠٠١). One of the most important methods for manipulating accounting information is expediting the identification of good news versus postponing bad news in profits (Callen, J. L. and X. Fang, ٢٠١١).But always there will be a final level for accumulating bad news in the company, and with achieving the final level, this bad news will be published, which is that the company’s stock price crash. In this study, the numbers of stock prices crash of Hutton’s model (٢٠٠٩) is used to measure stock prices crash for ٥٦ companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from period of١٣٨٠ to ١٣٨٩. In the present study strong evidences are provided that the existence of institutional investors will significantly reduce the probability of the stock price crash probability Manuscript profile
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        48 - Investigation the Effects of management earning forecasts on the cost of equity capital
        Azita Jahanshad Mohsen Zardkouhi
        The main object of this study is investigation of effectiveness state of earning forecasts news on the firms cost of equity capital and look for answer to this question that is the cost of equity capital affected importantly by forecasts negative or positive adjustment More
        The main object of this study is investigation of effectiveness state of earning forecasts news on the firms cost of equity capital and look for answer to this question that is the cost of equity capital affected importantly by forecasts negative or positive adjustment news or not?  at this course tried to more over than separated effects of forecasts positive adjustment news or negative adjustment news on the cost of equity capital, investigate the symmetrical or asymmetrical effects of these  two types of news on the cost of equity capital. for this purpose four hypothesis compiled and examined with use of gathered data from statistical samples include 132 firms at time period from 1385 to 1389by put panel and compound data regression method into operation Resulted Experimental evidences from this research indicated that both forecasts negative and positive adjustment news affected the firms cost of equity capital in the manner that negative adjustment news have increasing effect and positive adjustment news have decreasing effect on the cost of equity capital. The results also indicated that effect measure of negative adjustment news on the cost of equity capital have been more than positive adjustment news. In addition the investigations indicated that for descending profitability trends, management’s preemption in issue of earning forecasts negative adjustment news was modifying the really earning declare effect on the cost of equity capital. Manuscript profile
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        49 - تاثیر شاخص متا مالمکوئیست روی بهینه سازی سبد دارایی
        زهره طائب شکوفه بنی هاشمی
        10.30495/ijim.2022.61818.1532
        از آنجائیکه تغییر ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی (CVaR) در سطوح مختلف اطمینان برای بهینه سازی سبد بسیار موثر است، شاخص متا مالمکوئیست (MMI) دراین پژوهش استفاده شده است. برای این هدف، مدلهای میانگین- ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی با شاخص متا مالمکوئیست در حضور داده منفی معرفی گردیده است. More
        از آنجائیکه تغییر ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی (CVaR) در سطوح مختلف اطمینان برای بهینه سازی سبد بسیار موثر است، شاخص متا مالمکوئیست (MMI) دراین پژوهش استفاده شده است. برای این هدف، مدلهای میانگین- ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی با شاخص متا مالمکوئیست در حضور داده منفی معرفی گردیده است. مشابه تئوری مارکوویتزدر چارچوب میانگین- واریانس، ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی به عنوان سنجه ریسک بکار رفته و مدلها بدون در نظر گرفتن چولگی و کشیدگی بازده مطرح شده است. در این مطالعه تعدادی داده منفی وجود دارد، بنابراین مدلهای برمبنای مدل اندازه جهت دار مبنایی (RDM) است که مقادیر مثبت و منفی را می پذیرد. در این مقاله، کارائیها در همه سطوح اطمینان در مدل های میانگین- ارزش در معرض خطر شرطی و شاخص متا مالمکوئیست روی سطوح اطمینان به عنوان دوره ها در حضور داده منفی محاسبه شده است. این روش به سرمایه گذاران کمک می کند که سبدهای سودآورشان را با شاخص متا مالمکوئیست بسازند. همچنین یک مطالعه عملی روی بازار بورس ایران انجام گرفته است. Manuscript profile
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        50 - Quranic and Traditional Principles of Judge’s Civil Responsibility and its Stream in Positive Law
        Mahdi Bahrehmand Ahmad Reza Tavakoli Mohammad Hadi Mahdavi
        The present paper studies Quranic and traditional civil responsibilities of judges due to their mistakes and faults. According to the important position of judgment which is based on administration of justice and right, a judge should have specific characteristics in or More
        The present paper studies Quranic and traditional civil responsibilities of judges due to their mistakes and faults. According to the important position of judgment which is based on administration of justice and right, a judge should have specific characteristics in order to play his vital role in administrating individual as well as social justice; to achieve this, judicial system needs informed and magistrate judges who are educated in legal and jurisprudence courses; they should be unbiased and judge only and only based on law, judge and equity. They also should be responsible for their mistakes and faults because of their decisions to prevent disappointment in juridical system. Manuscript profile
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        51 - A Literal Analysis and Study on “I do not Swear” Structure in Holy Quran
        ff نقیب Morteza Sazjini Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
        The present research studies the opinions of commentators and syntacticians about the oath of "La Oqsem" (I do not Swear) in Holy Quran. There are different opinions about the role of the letter "La" (I do not) in this structure among commentators. Therefore, More
        The present research studies the opinions of commentators and syntacticians about the oath of "La Oqsem" (I do not Swear) in Holy Quran. There are different opinions about the role of the letter "La" (I do not) in this structure among commentators. Therefore, first, all the important opinions in this field were counted and examined based on the verses of Qur'an as well as the rules of syntax science. There are three main views amongst them about the role of the negation letter: 1. The addition of the letter "la"; 2. The negation of the letter "La"; 3. The third view is that the origin of the word is "La Oqsem" and the letter A is saturated. This view, in addition to having a syntactic problem, is also inconsistent with popular reading. Studies have shown that none of the above opinions are convincing and complete, and Mukhtar's statement is that the structure of "La Oqsem" in Holy Qur'an is the same as the verb oath, which means "I swear" and this type of use has been common among Arabs. Manuscript profile
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        52 - Studying the International Requirements Encountering Principle of Negation of Ascendency and its Effect on Government’s Survival from Quran and Imamate’s Jurisprudence Viewpoint
        Seyyed Mohammad Miri Rostami Alireza Salimi Mohammad Hossein Nazemi Seyyed Alireza Hosseini
        Principle of negation of ascendency in jurisprudential principles cited by many Shiite and Sunnite jurisprudences and is of a wide scope; it also has sufficient mastery in interpreting and regulating the relations of Muslims with non-Muslims. Thus it is very import More
        Principle of negation of ascendency in jurisprudential principles cited by many Shiite and Sunnite jurisprudences and is of a wide scope; it also has sufficient mastery in interpreting and regulating the relations of Muslims with non-Muslims. Thus it is very important to try to explain the mentioned principle and its aspects such as international requirements, especially in trying to survive and preserve the government. The research method in the present research is descriptive – analytical and the purpose of the study is to investigate the international requirements encountering principle of negation of ascendency and its effects on the preservation and survival of the government from Quran and Imamate jurisprudence’s viewpoint. Manuscript profile
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        53 - Quranic Principals of the Government and a Study of Imam Khomeini’s Views
        Touraj Kouhestani Nezhad Mohammad Ali Safa Rouhollah Afzali
        Iran’s Islamic revolution leaded by Imam Khomeini were based on Alavi government and the main goal was founding an Islamic government, performing the religious orders and rebirthing many Islamic commandments. Imam Khomeini was a mature and complete priest and was More
        Iran’s Islamic revolution leaded by Imam Khomeini were based on Alavi government and the main goal was founding an Islamic government, performing the religious orders and rebirthing many Islamic commandments. Imam Khomeini was a mature and complete priest and was different with other priests a little which was because of his fluency in philosophy, principles and discourse; this difference was manifested by Islamic revolution.  The event which was so brilliant and clear was a kind of foreign relationship based on Islamic principles that caused attracting Islamic Moslem nations. Manuscript profile
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        54 - Examining the Reasons for the Sanctity of Marriage to Infidels in Imami Jurisprudence with Emphasis on Quranic Teachings
        Mojtaba Ghafari
        One of the obstacles to marriage from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, according to the rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers is the marriage of a Muslim to a non-Muslim. This article contains three questions that we are going to answer t More
        One of the obstacles to marriage from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, according to the rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers is the marriage of a Muslim to a non-Muslim. This article contains three questions that we are going to answer these questions. Question 1: What are the sayings of Imamiye jurists regarding marriage to infidels? Second: How the reasons for the sanctity of marriage to infidels are evaluated from the perspective of Imami jurisprudence and the rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers? Third: How is acted in conflict with the jurisprudential rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers with other rules? In answer to the first question, it is hypothesized that the sayings of the jurists in this regard are different and the most important promise is the prohibition of permanent marriage to infidels and the permission of temporary marriage to them. It seems that the most important reasons for the sanctity of marriage to infidels are the domination of infidels over the property of Muslims, the weakening of the spirit of jihad, the difficulty in training children and family disputes between couples, endangering unity in society, preventing spying and enemy influence. In conflict with the rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers and other rules, sovereignty is with the rule of denying the domination of unbelievers over believers. In this article, we believe that the various sayings of the jurists in this regard are examined and according to the verses, hadiths and reason, the reasons for the prohibition of marriage to infidels are discussed, and in the end, it deals with the sovereignty of this rule over other rules. Manuscript profile
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        55 - Quranic and Traditional Principles of Judge's Social Responsibilities
        Mahdi Bahremand Ahamad Reza Tavakkoli Mohammad Hadi Mahdavi
        According to the vital status of judgement which is supposed to be adjudication for the society, a judge should possess special features and characteristics in order to play his role and judge the justice for the individuals as well as the society. In order to attain so More
        According to the vital status of judgement which is supposed to be adjudication for the society, a judge should possess special features and characteristics in order to play his role and judge the justice for the individuals as well as the society. In order to attain so, the judiciary system requires informed and educate in jurisprudence and laws to judge and solve people's legal problems unbiased and fairly and solely based on rules and laws. In order to prevent self – willing and egocentric judgement, it is advised to cite Quran and traditions to answer some troublesome questions thus make those sources responsible and avoid errors and mistakes; thus people won't be disappointed of judiciary system. Manuscript profile
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        56 - نقش میانجی راهبردهای یادگیری خودتنظیمی در رابطه بین اهمال‌کاری تحصیلی و عواطف مثبت و منفی در دانش‌آموزان دبیرستانی
        محبوبه پربرتاوشی احمد برجعلی علیرضا کیامنش
        Manuscript profile
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        57 - رابطه کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی و جو سازمانی با رضایت شغلی معلمان زن مقطع دوم متوسطه شهر مشهد
        زهرا صالحی‌فرد نرجس خاتون ذبیحی حصاری
        Manuscript profile
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        58 - موجبات طلاق از منظر فقه شافعی و حنفی
        سید مهدی میرداداشی
        چکیده:مسئله طلاق یکی از مسائل مهم و مبتلابه جوامع مختلف از جمله جامعه اسلامی ما می‌باشد، به شکلی که از آن به عنوان «بیماری یا طاعون قرن» نام برده می‌شود. طلاق و پیامدهای زیانبار آن را می‌توان از زوایای مختلف اجتماعی، روانی، اقتصادی و حکومتی مورد بررسی قرار د More
        چکیده:مسئله طلاق یکی از مسائل مهم و مبتلابه جوامع مختلف از جمله جامعه اسلامی ما می‌باشد، به شکلی که از آن به عنوان «بیماری یا طاعون قرن» نام برده می‌شود. طلاق و پیامدهای زیانبار آن را می‌توان از زوایای مختلف اجتماعی، روانی، اقتصادی و حکومتی مورد بررسی قرار داد، اما آنچه که در این مجموعه می‌آید بررسی موجبات طلاق آن هم از دیدگاه مذهب شافعی و حنفی است.با پیدایش نظام مقدس جمهوری اسلامی ایران، یکی از دغدغه‌های دست اندرکاران، بحث ارتباط و تعامل مثبت با مذاهب اسلامی غیر شیعه با انگیزه ایجاد وحدت میان مسلمانان، بوده است. اصل دوازدهم قانون اساسی با تصریح به این‌که دین رسمی ایران، اسلام و مذهب جعفری اثنی عشری است و تأکید بر غیر قابل تغییر بودن آن، با اشاره به مذاهب دیگر اسلامی اعم از حنفی، شافعی، مالکی، حنبلی و زیدی، مقرر داشته، این مذاهب دارای احترام کامل می‌باشند و در انجام مراسم مذهبی، تعلیم و تربیت دینی خویش آزادند و در امور احوال شخصیه (ازدواج، طلاق، ارث، وصیت و ...) و دعاوی مربوط به آن‌ها در دادگاه‌ها رسمیت دارند.هدف اصلی از نگارش این مقاله ارائه گزارشی در مورد دیدگاه فقهی مذهب شافعی و حنفی در امر موجبات طلاق می‌باشد تا قضات محترم محاکم دادگستری ایران را در اجرای اصل دوازدهم قانون اساسی یاری نماید.کلیدواژه: طلاق، مذهب شافعی ، مذهب حنفی،احوال شخصیه Manuscript profile
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        59 - اعمال قاعده نفی حرج در حقوق خانواده
        اعظم امین Nasrin Karimi عصمت السادات طباطبایی لطفی
        قاعده نفی حرج ازجمله قاعده های فقهی است که پویایی و جامعیت سیستم حقوقی اسلام را نشان می‌دهد و می‌تواند راه گشای خیلی از مشکلات جاری خانواده ها باشد. این قاعده با شمولی که دارد یکی از قواعدی است که بسیاری از بن بست ها را در روند جاری زندگی خانواده باز نموده، افراد خانواد More
        قاعده نفی حرج ازجمله قاعده های فقهی است که پویایی و جامعیت سیستم حقوقی اسلام را نشان می‌دهد و می‌تواند راه گشای خیلی از مشکلات جاری خانواده ها باشد. این قاعده با شمولی که دارد یکی از قواعدی است که بسیاری از بن بست ها را در روند جاری زندگی خانواده باز نموده، افراد خانواده را از بلا تکلیفی خارج می نماید. قاعده نفی حرج در حوزه های مختلف حقوق خانواده کاربرد دارد؛ در روابط بین زوجین وارد شده و به نفع هر کدام با حصول شرایطی قابلیت اجرا پیدا میکند. برای نمونه زمانی که معلوم شود زوج از پرداخت مهریه زن که در اکثر قریب به اتفاق موارد عندالمطالبه می‌باشد عاجز باشد دادگاه با رعایت عدالت طرفینی پرداخت مهریه را در اقساطی که ادای آن‌ها برای مرد مقدور می‌باشد مقرر دارد ویا اگر به دلایل مختلف زوج از طرف زوجه دچار حرج وسختی گردد دادگاه با حصول شرایطی حکم به ازدواج مجدد زوج می دهد ویا در مواردی که زوجه به دلایل ذکر شده در قانون از طرف زوج در حرج و تنگنا باشد دادگاه زوج را ملزم به طلاق می کند. در روابط بین فرزند و ابوین نیز این قاعده کاربرد دارد، در این حوزه می توان به سوء استفاده از طفل ،تکرار ضرب وجرح خارج از حد متعارف از طرف هر کدام از والدین اشاره کرد . Manuscript profile
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        60 - احکام پس از طلاق از منظر فقه شافعی و حنفی
        سید مهدی میرداداشی
        احکام پس از طلاق از موضوعات مبتلابه محاکم بوده ودر صورتی که متداعیین از اقلیت های مذهبی باشند قاضی بایستی براساس مذهب آنها اقدام به رسیدگی نماید ما در این مقاله،با رویکردی توصیفی به مطالعه احکام پس از طلاق از دیدگاه فقه شافعی و حنفی خواهیم پرداخت قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلا More
        احکام پس از طلاق از موضوعات مبتلابه محاکم بوده ودر صورتی که متداعیین از اقلیت های مذهبی باشند قاضی بایستی براساس مذهب آنها اقدام به رسیدگی نماید ما در این مقاله،با رویکردی توصیفی به مطالعه احکام پس از طلاق از دیدگاه فقه شافعی و حنفی خواهیم پرداخت قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز این تفاوت را محترم شمرده و مطابق اصول 12 و 13 قانون اساسی ایرانیان غیرشیعه در احوال شخصیه (ازدواج، طلاق، ارث، وصیت) بر طبق مذاهب خودشان عمل می‌کنند و در انجام احکام و مقررات و مراسم مذهب خودشان آزادند.عمل به این اصول قانون اساسی مستلزم این است که دادگاه‌ها و مراجع قضایی نیز براساس احکام و مقررات مذاهب در دعاوی آنها رسیدگی نمایند. از آن‌جا که قوانین موجود در مورد احوال شخصیه براساس فقه امامیه تنظیم شده و قضات نیز اطلاع تفصیلی از مقررات مذاهب غیرشیعی ندارند و قضات اهل سنت نیز غالباً با قواعد مذهب خویش آشنایی دارند، در عمل قضات برای رسیدگی به پرونده‌هایی که مربوط به احوال شخصیه اهل سنت می‌شود با مشکلاتی مواجه هستند و ناچار به ارجاع به مراکز و مجامع علمی اهل سنت و اخذ فتوای رسمی از آنها می‌شوند.این مقاله می کوشد تا در این مسیر گامی هرچند کوچک بردارد و شرایط اجرایی کردن اصل 12 قانون اساسی را فراهم آورد. Manuscript profile
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        61 - اقسام و شرایط طلاق از منظر فقه شافعی و حنفی
        سید مهدی میرداداشی
        ما در این مقاله،با رویکردی توصیفی به مطالعه اقسام و شرایط طلاق از دیدگاه فقه شافعی و حنفی خواهیم پرداخت . مسائل احوال شخصیه از جمله طلاق از امور مهم و زیربنایی هر جامعه می‌باشد و اسلام به خاطر ویژگی‌های آن احکام و مقررات خاصی برای آن وضع نموده است. به طور طبیعی با توجه More
        ما در این مقاله،با رویکردی توصیفی به مطالعه اقسام و شرایط طلاق از دیدگاه فقه شافعی و حنفی خواهیم پرداخت . مسائل احوال شخصیه از جمله طلاق از امور مهم و زیربنایی هر جامعه می‌باشد و اسلام به خاطر ویژگی‌های آن احکام و مقررات خاصی برای آن وضع نموده است. به طور طبیعی با توجه به اختلاف قواعد و مقررات فقهی مذاهب اسلامی احکام و مقررات مربوط به احوال شخصیه در مذاهب مختلف نیز اختلاف پیدا می‌کند و قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز این تفاوت را محترم شمرده و مطابق اصول 12 و 13 قانون اساسی ایرانیان غیرشیعه در احوال شخصیه (ازدواج، طلاق، ارث، وصیت) بر طبق مذاهب خودشان عمل می‌کنند و در انجام احکام و مقررات و مراسم مذهب خودشان آزادند.عمل به این اصول قانون اساسی مستلزم این است که دادگاه‌ها و مراجع قضایی نیز براساس احکام و مقررات مذاهب در دعاوی آنها رسیدگی نمایند. از آن‌جا که قوانین موجود در مورد احوال شخصیه براساس فقه امامیه تنظیم شده و قضات نیز اطلاع تفصیلی از مقررات مذاهب غیرشیعی ندارند و قضات اهل سنت نیز غالباً با قواعد مذهب خویش آشنایی دارند، در عمل قضات برای رسیدگی به پرونده‌هایی که مربوط به احوال شخصیه اهل سنت می‌شود با مشکلاتی مواجه هستند و ناچار به ارجاع به مراکز و مجامع علمی اهل سنت و اخذ فتوای رسمی از آنها می‌شوند.این مقاله می کوشد تا در این مسیر گامی هرچند کوچک بردارد و شرایط اجرایی کردن اصل 12 قانون اساسی را فراهم آورد. Manuscript profile
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        62 - Legal and Juridical Investigation of US Embassy Transfer from Tel Aviv to Quds Sharif
        Farzaneh Tayari Alireza Ebrahimi
        The usurped Quds regime, Israel, has occupied Palestine. Palestine is historically owned by Muslims and its true inhabitants. The US Embassy in Tel Aviv has been transferred to Quds Sharif, although legally, the embassy's immunity from recognizing governments and govern More
        The usurped Quds regime, Israel, has occupied Palestine. Palestine is historically owned by Muslims and its true inhabitants. The US Embassy in Tel Aviv has been transferred to Quds Sharif, although legally, the embassy's immunity from recognizing governments and governments is recognized in international law, but this is a matter of legal and legitimate state-state existence. That is, the Israeli occupation regime lacks it. Therefore, the legality of this transfer should be examined. This article examines the legal status of the United States in terms of jurisprudence and jurisprudence with a legal-legal approach. The main hypothesis of the investigation is that the United States is acting illegally. The novelty of the investigation is that it is not legitimate for jurisdictions and international law to have embassies in Israel. The research method in this paper is descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile
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        63 - A Jurisprudential-Judicial Study of Abortion Because of Rape Relying on Sunni and Shi'ite Perspectives
        Fariba Hekmat Mahmud GhayoomZadeh Abbas Ali Heidari
        The purpose of the present study is to conduct jurisprudential-judicial research about abortion because of rape relying on Sunni and Shi'ite perspectives. The method of research is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that there is a big difference between a woma More
        The purpose of the present study is to conduct jurisprudential-judicial research about abortion because of rape relying on Sunni and Shi'ite perspectives. The method of research is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that there is a big difference between a woman who becomes pregnant as a result of rape and other women who have become pregnant with full freedom so Sunni and Shi'ite jurists and Islamic law regard no ban for abortion in case of rape and it is permissible, especially before the embryo's soul is formed. Based on jurisprudential regulations, negation of difficulty and distress, and convenience of religion, a woman should be allowed to get an abortion to remove the difficulty and sever agony out of rape as well as the shame of having a baby as a result of that while she has had no free will in this regard. Manuscript profile
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        64 - Jurisprudential and Juridical Review of Solemn Malediction and its Role in Facilitating the Divorce Process of Couples
        Mahnaz AsgariGhonche Mahdi Mirdadashi Mohammad Sadeghi
        The purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and juridical analysis of solemn malediction and its role in facilitating the divorce process of couples. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that with respect to jurisprudence and expedi More
        The purpose of the present study is jurisprudential and juridical analysis of solemn malediction and its role in facilitating the divorce process of couples. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that with respect to jurisprudence and expediency of maintaining the couples' life, it deems appropriate to execute solemn malediction, if its executive conditions and principles exist. Couples in some cases reach a dangerous stage where they cannot bear each other due to intense hatred, so the holy legislator wants to cut the relationship between them completely and permanently as soon as possible. It also prevents the couples to execute arbitrary punishment by themselves because in such circumstances lengthening the process of divorce is so risky. Therefore, it is suggested that the legislators by completing juridical deficiencies of the institution of solemn malediction and also executers by raising awareness in terms of this divine rule and consequences of false accusation of adultery to women, make use of the wisdoms in this institution to prevent family crimes and decrease social harms. Manuscript profile
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        65 - Religious Dignity Based on the Necessity to Establish the Islamic Government in the Age of Absence
        Mohammadali Moeel
        The purpose of the present study is to review religious dignity based on the necessity to establish the Islamic government in the Age of Absence. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the perfect and civilized religion of Islam has prof More
        The purpose of the present study is to review religious dignity based on the necessity to establish the Islamic government in the Age of Absence. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the perfect and civilized religion of Islam has profound instructions in its disciplines entitled as Fiqh in order to provide and expand individual and social dignity of Muslims and Islamic societies. In this regard, some aspects including the necessity to establish the Islamic government have not been considered from this perspective. Religious governance with its extensive thematic inclusion has a decisive influence to preserve the spiritual dignity and also maintains and improves the honor and independence of Muslims and Islamic societies. The concept of religious dignity has a potential to be considered as a new jurisprudential basis and reason to determine the necessity to set up the Islamic government in the Age of Absence. Manuscript profile
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        66 - Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Gram-negative Bacilli Resistant to Several Antibiotics (MDR)
        نشاط غلامی amir hossein MOMEN مسعود زندی
        AbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing. More
        AbstractOne of the major problems in hospitals resistance of pathogenic bacteria , including bacteria that cause urinary tract infections(UTI), antimicrobial substances , the problem of increased costs of treatment , treatment failure and mortality rates are increasing.The purpose of this research is to identify multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections with antibiotics and the effect of silver nanoparticles on them.Planting 240 clinical samples from patients admitted to two hospitals ( Fatemiyeh , Besat) within 6 months of 1395 a total of 150 gram negative bacilli of urinary tract infections was isolated. To determine antibiotic resistance of these bacteria, disk diffusion method was used, and their susceptibility was evaluated according to the CLSI(clinical and laboratory Standards Institute) . Gram-negative bacilli isolated were prepared and inhibition zone diameter was measured.The most common bacteria Escherichia coli was isolated and lowest frequencies of the Proteus vulgaris. All of the samples to a solution of silver nanoparticles at concentrations 200 ppm 100 ppm and were sensitive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (30 mm) and Enterobacter aerogenes (27 mm) maximum diameter in the presence of silver nanoparticles showed 800 ppm.Conclusion: The results show that silver nanoparticles can have an inhibitory effect on all tested Gram-negative bacilli , and the concentration of nanoparticles , the diameter of the growth of Gram-negative bacilli of urinary tract infections resistant to multiple antibiotics increases.Key words: Gram-negative bacilli, Silver nanoparticles, Urinary Tract Infection,Antibiotic Resistance, Hamedan Manuscript profile
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        67 - The effects of vegetative and generative shoots of Ajuga Chamaecistus, A. austro-iranica against some bactria and fungi strains
        Farkhondeh Rezanejad Sedigheh Mehrabian
        Objectives: Study of antimicrobial effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of vegetative and reproductive structures of A. Chamaecistus and A. austro-iranica on several fungi and bacteria Materials and Methods: Aquatic and methanolic extracts prepared from Ajuga Cham More
        Objectives: Study of antimicrobial effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of vegetative and reproductive structures of A. Chamaecistus and A. austro-iranica on several fungi and bacteria Materials and Methods: Aquatic and methanolic extracts prepared from Ajuga Chamaecistus, A. austro-iranica were tested for antibacterial activity against gram positive (Satphyloccocus aureous and Streptococus pyogenes) and gram negative (Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Proteus vulgaris) bacteria and Aspergillus niger and fusarium solani. The vegetative and generative shoots of plants were powdered, sterilized, and extracted at 4°C with methanol and water. The concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mgml-1 of methanolic and aquatic extracts were used to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). All experiments were tested three times. The antibacterial effects were evaluated using the cup-plate and antifugal activity using cup-plate and pour plate Results: The antibacterial effect of aqueous extracts showed that only the leaf extract (vegetative extract) of A. chamaecistus is effective on S. aureus showing that in gram-negative bacteria, the presence of a lipopolysaccharide wall causes greater resistance. Methanolic extracts of both species were more active than aqueous extracts and had antimicrobial effects on all tested bacteria as well as A. niger. In both species, the extracts of the generative parts showed a stronger antifungal effect. In different species of this genus, the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins and terpenoids that have antimicrobial properties confirms the antimicrobial properties of this species. However, the amount of their effect depends on plant and microbe species, the tested parts (plant organs), the extracts concentration, the sampling season, the sample age and soil type.     Manuscript profile
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        68 - an ode of abu ala moerri in elegy of hanafis lawyer
        mahdi mohaghegh
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        69 - The causes of religious strife and decline of rationalism in testament of Sultan Mahmoud Ghaznavi
        Ali Mohammad Sajjadi Mansoureh Ahmadi Jafari
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        70 - تبیین پرخاشگری براساس راهبردهای مثبت و منفی تنظیم شناختی هیجان در دختران نوجوان
        سمیه کمالی ایگلی خدیجه ابوالمعالی الحسینی
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        71 - پیش بینی مسئولیت پذیری نوجوانان ۱۵ تا ۱۷ سال شهر گرمسار بر اساس خودپنداره رفتاری و عواطف مثبت و منفی و بهزیستی روانشناختی
        اکبر محمدی علیرضا علی بیکی
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        72 - اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد گروهی بر افکار خودآیند منفی و انعطاف‌پذیری روان‌شناختی مراجعین افسرده مراکز مشاوره
        سارا نداف طیبه شریفی احمد غضنفری مریم چرامی
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        73 - رابطه استیگما با رضایت از زندگی و عاطفه مثبت/منفی در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو
        زینب محبی کیوان کاکابرایی خدامراد مومنی
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        74 - اثربخشی آموزش تنظیم هیجان بر عاطفه منفی و بهبود رابطه والد کودک در مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نافرمانی مقابله ای
        بهنام جعفری ثانی محمدحسین بیاضی سعید تیموری
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        75 - بررسی اثرات مثبت و منفی اطلاعات نسبتا منفی بر افشای مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت
        مصطفی حیدری هراتمه
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        76 - بررسی اثرات مثبت و منفی اطلاعات نسبتا منفی بر افشای مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکتی
        مصطفی حیدری هراتمه
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        77 - The Relationship of Type D Personality and its Components with Perceived Stress in Students in Tabriz University
        samereh asadimajareh abas bakhshiporrodsari hamid poursharifi
          The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the components of Type D Personality: the negative affect, and social inhibition. The research method was descriptive. The statistical population consisted of 11000 male and female More
          The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the components of Type D Personality: the negative affect, and social inhibition. The research method was descriptive. The statistical population consisted of 11000 male and female undergraduate students in the University of Tabriz. A sample of 275 (187 female & 88 male) students with type D personality were selected by cluster random sampling method from among the students. They were asked to complete 16 questions of Type D Personality Scale (Denolet, 1998) and 10 questions of Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1988). The results of regression analysis showed that from the two components, negative affect was good predictor of perceived stress (P < 0.01 ( . Based on these findings, it was concluded that people with type D personality experience high level of perceived stress and both negative affect and social inhibition correlate with higher perceived stress. Manuscript profile
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        78 - Prediction of College Students’ Academic Procrastination Based on Cognitive, Emotional and Motivational Factors and Gender
        zahra valizadeh hasan ahadi mahmod hidari mohammad mahdi mazaheri mohamad bager kajbaf
         Academic procrastination is one of the common and current problems among college students which has many negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to predict college students’ academic procrastination based on self efficacy, self regulation, perfectionism, fe More
         Academic procrastination is one of the common and current problems among college students which has many negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to predict college students’ academic procrastination based on self efficacy, self regulation, perfectionism, fear of negative evaluation, interest in the field of the study, goal orientation, self esteem and gender. This research employed a correlational study. Statistical population involved all the students in Tehran University. 272 students selected through relative classification sampling from different faculties. Data were collected by: goal orientation scale by Elliot & McGregor, brief fear of negative evaluation scale by Leary, multidimensional perfectionism scale by Forest et al, self efficacy scale by Sherer, self esteem inventory by Rozenberg, academic procrastination assessment scale by Solomon and Routhblum, self regulation questionnaire by Pentrich & Digorat, interest in filed of study questionnaire by Hedayati et al. Data were analyzed with backward regression, independent t-test, and anova. Results indicated that doubt in works, value extrinsic goals, could predict academic procrastination positively and self efficacy, interest in the field of the study, organization, mastery–approach and performance–approach goal orientation, could predict academic procrastination negatively.   Manuscript profile
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        79 - Effectiveness of Meta-cognitive Counseling on Test Anxiety Symptoms of Female Students
        maryam mommeni Fatemeh Rezaei Yosof Gorgi
        The aim of the present research was to study the effectiveness of meta–cognitive counseling on test anxiety symptoms of students. The research design was semi-empirical with pretest- posttest, follow-up and control group. The statistical population included all second g More
        The aim of the present research was to study the effectiveness of meta–cognitive counseling on test anxiety symptoms of students. The research design was semi-empirical with pretest- posttest, follow-up and control group. The statistical population included all second grade girl students of Isfahan city guidance schools in 2012 (1391s.c.). Form the population, 120 students were selected by cluster sampling method, and they completed the Test Anxiety Inventory. 34 students with highest test anxiety score were assigned randomly in an experimental and a control group (17 students, each group). Every participant in the experimental and the control group completed the Test Anxiety Inventory (Aboulghsemi, et al,. 2009/1388s.c.) in the pretest, posttest and follow-up stage. Meta-cognitive counseling was applied on the experimental group for 9 sessions of one hour each week. At the complession of meta-cognitive counseling program, posttest and then follow-up test (1 month later) were completed by both groups. For analyzing the data, multi- variance and covariance (MANCOVA) were used. Results showed that meta-cognitive counseling has signifintly reduced test anxiety symptoms in the posttest and follow-up stages (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile
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        80 - The Role Positive and Negative Affect, Fear of failure and Goal achievement orientation in Predicting Academic Procrastination amongst Students
        Samira rahmani javanmard سمیه محمدی
        The procrastination discussions is an important issue in recent years for many researchers since it has been a bad habit and behavioral problem. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the positive and negative affect, fear of failure and goal achievement orien More
        The procrastination discussions is an important issue in recent years for many researchers since it has been a bad habit and behavioral problem. The aim of this study was to examine the role of the positive and negative affect, fear of failure and goal achievement orientation in predicting procrastination among 120 male and female students at Payam Noor university of Delfan during The academic year 2013-2014. We selected this sample through randomized sampling method. The data were collected by questionnaires named Positive and Negative affect (Watson and et al, 1988), Goal achievement orientation (Elliot and McGregor, 2001), Fear of failure (Rajabi and Abbasi, 2011) and Academic procrastination. In addition positive affect (P&lt;0.001, r= -0.302) and mastery goal achievement orientation (P&lt;0.000, r= -0.360) was negatively and significantly related to academic procrastination. Finally, there was no meaningful relationship between performance goal achievement orientation and procrastination. Regression analysis showed that variables positive affect (P&lt;0.002), mastery goal achievement orientation (P&lt;0.004) and fear of failure (P&lt;0.001) have involved in predicting factor of academic procrastination and fear of failure has the strongest value. Manuscript profile
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        81 - A comparison of emotional processing and fear of positive/negative evaluations in women with social phobia and normal women
        Sedigheh Lotfi Abbas Abolghasemi Mohammad Narimani
          The aim of this study was to compare emotional processing and fear of positive/negative evaluations in the women with social phobia and normal women. The type of study was causal-comparative. The research sample consisted of 60 women with social phobia and 60 healthy More
          The aim of this study was to compare emotional processing and fear of positive/negative evaluations in the women with social phobia and normal women. The type of study was causal-comparative. The research sample consisted of 60 women with social phobia and 60 healthy women which were selected through stage cluster random sampling among women of Gorgan. To collect the data, Social Phobia Scale ( Conner et al.,2000), Emotional Processing Scale (Bakeret et al,.2007), Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (Weeks et al.,2008) and Fear of Positive Evaluation Scale (Leary,1983) were used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that women with social phobia have greater emotional processing and fear of negative evaluation and also lower fear of positive evaluation than healthy women (P˂0.001). The results of multiple regressions showed that the emotional processing and fear of negative-positive evaluations explain 57% of variance of social phobia in women with this phobia (p < 0.001). The findings have important implications concerning prevention, therapy and services of counseling for women with social phobia. Manuscript profile
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        82 - The Presentation of Causal Model for Happiness Based on Identity Aspects by Mediating Achievement Goal Orientations
        Naeimeh Kohoulat Bahram Jowkar
        The goal of the present study, in framework of a causal model, was to examine the relationship between identity aspects, goal orientations and affective component of happiness. Participants were 530 students (353 girls and 177 boys) selected from Shiraz university. The More
        The goal of the present study, in framework of a causal model, was to examine the relationship between identity aspects, goal orientations and affective component of happiness. Participants were 530 students (353 girls and 177 boys) selected from Shiraz university. The research instruments included Aspects of Identity Questionnaire (AIQ-TV), Achievement Goals Questionnaire and positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). To examine reliability of measures Cronbach alpha coefficient, and to determine the validity, factor analysis method were applied. The hypothetical model tested by sequential simultaneous regression analyses, with use of Baron and Kenny's (1989) steps. Results of the steps of path analysis showed that Goal orientations could be regarded as mediators between identity aspects and affective component of happiness and personal identity was most powerful mediator between mastery approach (β= 0.30, p < 0.001) and positive affect (β= 0.32, p < 0.001). . Manuscript profile
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        83 - The effect of procedural justice on physical and psychological aggression of Polyacrylic company employees considering moderator role of negative affect
        narges sadat mortazavi hamidreza oreyzi
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of procedural justice on physical and psychological aggression considering moderator role of negative affect in the workplace. The population was the employees of Iran's Polyacryl Company that 279 subjects were selec More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of procedural justice on physical and psychological aggression considering moderator role of negative affect in the workplace. The population was the employees of Iran's Polyacryl Company that 279 subjects were selected through accessible sampling. Research instruments consisted of The Organizational Justice Questionnaire (Colquitt,2001), Job Related Affects Scale (Fox &amp; Spector,1999) and Physical and Psychological Aggression Questionnaire (Menard&amp;et al,2011). The results of path analysis showed that when employees perceived procedural injustice in the organization and have high negative affect, their physical and psychological violence increasesed. The results also confirmed the effect of procedural justice on physical and psychological violence considering moderator role of negative affect(P&lt;0/01). Manuscript profile
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        84 - The Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence and The Spillover Phenomenon of Work – Family and Family – Work Among The Personnel of Naein’s Plants and Small Industries
        منوچهر کامکار آمنه کاشفیان محمدی
        The aim of this research to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and the spillover phenomenon of work – family and family – work among the personnel of Naein’s plants and small industry. The spillover of work to family and family to work refers to the e More
        The aim of this research to study the relationship between emotional intelligence and the spillover phenomenon of work – family and family – work among the personnel of Naein’s plants and small industry. The spillover of work to family and family to work refers to the effect of factors relative to work environment on family and vice versa. The descriptive research method is the correlation type .In this research, among 1568 people, 310 people were selected as sample by using of multistage cluster sampling procedure. In this research, the applied tools were three questionnaires: the work– family and family- work spillover questionnaire (Marks & Grezeuaks, 2000), emotional intelligence questionnaire (Bar & owen, 1997) and demographics questionnaire which was about age, education and monthly earning amount. The analysis results demonstrated that there is a meaningful and negative relationship between emotional intelligence and negative spillover phenomenon of work – family and family – work (p < 0.001). It means the higher the emotional intelligence , the lower the negative spillover (conflict) of work – family and family – work , and more positive conflict of work–family (p < 0.05) and family – work (p < 0.001). The results of relationship between individual characteristics - including age and education - and spillover of work – family and family – work indicated that there isn't any meaningful relation. There was only a meaningful relationship between income amount and negative spillover of family – work. Manuscript profile
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        85 - A Survey of Happiness Education Effective in Fordyce Method on Increasing of Happiness of Diabetic Patients in Behbahan City
        فریدون کایوند منصور سودانی عبداله شفیع‌آبادی
        The aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city wer More
        The aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city were chosen randomly. They were divided into two random groups of experimental and control. And then the test group was thought happiness training for 10 sessions (one 90 min session in each week) with the method of Fordyce. Pre test and post test were conducted for both groups. Pre test and post test in this project was Oxford Happiness Inventory with marks for blood sugar patients. The results show that happiness training is effective on increase in happiness (p < 0.01). Manuscript profile
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        86 - Relationships Between Perfectionism and Self-Esteem in Scientific and Athletic Elites and Non-Elites in Tehran City
        محسن ملکیان بهابادی هاشم محسنی ذنوزی محسن کشاورز
        Perfectionism and self-esteem are two important components of personality that have received the attention center of the psychologists, and various investigations have attempted to study each of them separately. But a number of studies have sought to investigate simulta More
        Perfectionism and self-esteem are two important components of personality that have received the attention center of the psychologists, and various investigations have attempted to study each of them separately. But a number of studies have sought to investigate simultaneously the two variables. The main objective of the present research is to study of relation between perfectionism and self-esteem in the subjects from the scientific and athletic elites and the non-elite individuals. For this reason, 200 elite subjects (100 scientific elites and 100 athletic elites) and 200 non-elite subjects (100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the scientific elites and 100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the athletic elites) in Tehran city were studied. Measurement of the above-mentioned variables was performed by the positive and negative perfectionism questionnaire of Short et al (1995) and self-esteem questionnaire of Nugent and Thomas (1993). The results showed that there are a positive significant relation in the two study groups between positive perfectionism and self-esteem and a negative significant relation between self-esteem and negative perfectionism. Also, the findings suggested this point that there was a significant difference between the perfectionism and self-esteem of elite and non-elite subjects. Manuscript profile
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        87 - The moderating role of job control in relations between overload, ambiguity and role conflict with positive and negative behavioral outcomes
        زهرا ادیبی محسن گلپرور محمد رضا مصاحبی
        This research was carried out with the aim of studying the role of job control in relation among overload, ambiguity and role conflict with organizational citizenship behaviors, creativity, task performance, deviant behaviors and turnover. Method of research was correla More
        This research was carried out with the aim of studying the role of job control in relation among overload, ambiguity and role conflict with organizational citizenship behaviors, creativity, task performance, deviant behaviors and turnover. Method of research was correlation and statistical population was the employees of an organization related to petroleum ministry in Bandar Abbass city, among them187 persons were selected using simple random sampling. Research instruments consisted of Role overload and Ambiguity, Role Conflict, Task Performance and Turnover Questionnaires (Babakas et al, 2009), a researcher made Questionnaire of Job Control, the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Questionnaire (Bukhari & Ali, 2009), the Deviant Behaviors Questionnaire (Bennett & Robinson, 2000) and the Creativity Questionnaire (Tierney et al, 1999). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that: 1) job control has not moderated the relationships between role overload and ambiguity and role conflict with task performance, turnover, creativity and organizational citizenship behaviors, 2) job control has moderated the relationship between role conflict with deviant behaviors. That is, when job control is high, there is a negative significant relationship between role conflict and deviant behaviors (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile
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        88 - Relation between Just World Beliefs for Selfand Others With General Health, LifeSatisfaction, Positive and Negative Affectand Automatic Thoughts
        محسن گلپرور محسن گلپرور منوچهر کامکار منوچهر کامکار سارا جوادی
          Abstract The purpose of this research was investigating relationship between just world beliefs with general health, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect and automatic thoughts. In this regard, from statistical population (total of males and females habitan More
          Abstract The purpose of this research was investigating relationship between just world beliefs with general health, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect and automatic thoughts. In this regard, from statistical population (total of males and females habitants in Isfahan) persons for answer to the research questionnaires randomly selected with using multi-stage sampling. Five questionnaires used in this research: general health (with four subscales), life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, automatic thoughts and just world beliefs for self and others. The data analyzed with using Pearson's correlation coefficient and enter and stepwise regression analysis. The results showed that, there is negative significant correlation between general health subscales and life satisfaction with just world beliefs for self and others (P < ). The another section of results showed that there is negative significant correlation between positive affect with just world beliefs for self and others but positive significant correlation between negative affect and just world beliefs for self and other ( P < ). Also automatic thoughts have positive significant correlation with just world beliefs for self and others (P < ). The results of enter regression analysis showed that from total of research variables, only life satisfaction have predictive power for prediction of just world beliefs for self and others. Also stepwise regression analysis showed that from total of research variables, only life satisfaction and depression have predictive power for prediction of just world beliefs for self and others. Manuscript profile
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        89 - The Influence of Rehabilitation Course of Psychological Services in Addicts Negative Self Concept, Anxiety, Depression and Self-Esteem in The Rapeutic Communing Center of Ahwaz
        ساسان باوی محمد رضا برنا
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of rehabilitation course of Psycho-logical services in negative self concept , anxie-ty, epression and self esteem addicted men in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz in 2007-2008. esearch plan is of quasiexp More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of rehabilitation course of Psycho-logical services in negative self concept , anxie-ty, epression and self esteem addicted men in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz in 2007-2008. esearch plan is of quasiexperimen-tal "pretest- posttest" with one group. The sam-ple of the research were 50 men from the well being – volantry in therapeutic community cen-ter in Ahvwaz.the tools of the research are Rogers's self concept test, Cattel's anxiety test, Beck's depression test and Copper Smith's self esteem test .the results show that the presenta-tion of the psychological services in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz reduced the mean of negative self oncept, depression, an-xiety and increased the mean of selt esteem in the addicted men. Manuscript profile
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        90 - Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNE) Role in Predicting Dimensions of Creativity in Students
        azam Bayanlou Reza Jafariharandi
        10.30486/jsrp.2020.1876994.2017
        This study aim was to investigate FNE role in predicting dimensions of creativity in students that was conducted with descriptive-correlation method. The study population consisted of all students of Pardis Farabi, Industrial university of Qom and Qom Universities in th More
        This study aim was to investigate FNE role in predicting dimensions of creativity in students that was conducted with descriptive-correlation method. The study population consisted of all students of Pardis Farabi, Industrial university of Qom and Qom Universities in the academic years of 2018-2019. Total sample size consists of 200 undergraduate students (100 male &amp; 100 Female) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Instruments were used: Abedi's creativity test (1993) and the Fear of negative evaluation scale (FNE; Watson &amp; Friend, 1969). Data were analyzed by SPSS24 software using t-test for comparison of independent groups and linear regression. According to the results, there was no significant difference in total creativity score between male and female, but there were significant differences in the FNE scale(p= 0/0). Linear regression analysis showed that %64 of the creativity in the female&rsquo;s group was predictable through the FNE. But, in the male&rsquo;s group, this prediction was significant only in their flexibility score (p=0.01). As a result, fear of negative evaluation by others can greatly affect creativity. Therefore, Culture of Communities has an impact on fear of negative evaluation of individuals and suggested to provide a supportive and non-judgmental context for the emergence of creativity in individuals, especially women.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        91 - Relationship Between Psychosocial Needs and Job Performance in Iranian Automotive-Industries Employees: Examining the Moderating Role of Mood
        Marziyeh Posti Hadi Farhadi
        10.30486/jsrp.2020.1906756.2557
        This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychosocial needs and job performance and the role of mood adjustment in employees of Tehran automotive industry. The research was quantitative and correlational. The study population included all shift w More
        This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychosocial needs and job performance and the role of mood adjustment in employees of Tehran automotive industry. The research was quantitative and correlational. The study population included all shift workers of three car companies, which were 1290 people and 660 people were selected by systematic random method and after completing the questionnaires, 437 questionnaires were completed. Research of three questionnaires: Positive and Negative Emotion (Watson, Clark &amp; ​​Telgen, 1997), Psychosocial Factors of the Workplace in the comprehensive guide to workplace assessment in Iran (2011) and Job Performance (Herci &amp; Goldsmith, 1980) was used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results showed that psychosocial needs are related to job performance and there is a positive relationship between positive mood and job performance and a negative relationship between negative mood and job performance (p &lt;0.001). Also, positive and negative mood in the relationship between psychological needs - Social and job performance have a moderating role (p = 0.00). As a result, while addressing psychosocial needs can lead to high job performance among employees, it is important to pay attention to emotional issues and create high positive mood and lack of negative mood to increase job performance. Manuscript profile
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        92 - The effect of rumination-focused cognitive behavior therapy on negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation, versus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in depressed adolescent girls aged 14 to 19 committing suicide: two-month follow up
        Hadi Izanloo Fatemeh Shahabizadeh Seyed Kaveh Hojjat Seyed Abdolmajid Bahrainian
        10.30486/jsrp.2021.1924118.2873
        Suicide attempt is on the rise among adolescent girls due to negative cognitions, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT) versus Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on negative self-evaluat More
        Suicide attempt is on the rise among adolescent girls due to negative cognitions, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT) versus Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on negative self-evaluation, and suicidal ideation among depressed girls adolescents aged 14 to 19 attempting suicide. This study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with a control group. Thirty-three depressed adolescent girls attempting suicide who were referred to the emergency department of Samen Al-Aeme and Imam Hassan Hospitals in Bojnourd from October 23, 2019 to March 5, 2020, after having the inclusion criteria, were selected with targeted sampling method, then randomly divided into three groups of rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (10 individual sessions) and control. The research tools included Depression Inventory-2 (Beck &amp; Steer, 1993) and Suicide Probability Scale (Cull &amp; Gill, 1989). Findings obtained from Analysis of covariance showed that both interventions had a significant effect on reducing negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation at the time of post-test (p &lt;0.001) and follow-up (p &lt;0.05), and this effect was stable during the two-month follow-up period. Therefore, both interventions can reduce negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation in different ways (decreased rumination and increased mindfulness) but without superiority, so it is recommended to use these two interventions in times of depression and in times of suicidal crisis. Manuscript profile
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        93 - The effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Perceived Stress and Negative Affect in Coronary Heart patients
        salman zarei khadijeh fooladvand
        10.30486/jsrp.2020.1885185.2197
        The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of schema therapy on negative affect and perceived stress in coronary heart patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the More
        The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of schema therapy on negative affect and perceived stress in coronary heart patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all coronary heart patients referring to Jamaran hospital in Tehran in 2018 which were selected by purposeful sampling method. 30 of them were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (15 subjects) and control (15 subjects). Data were collected using the Denollet Negative Affect Inventory (1998) and Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (1983). After the pre-test, intervention (Schema Therapy) was given to the experimental group in 10 sessions with duration of 50 minutes. At the end of group Schema Therapy program, post-test was taken from both groups. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance test. The findings showed that by controlling the effect of the pretest between the means of the posttest for the experimental and the control group, there was a significant difference between the variables of perceived stress (F=17/897) and negative affect (F=16/082) at P&lt;0/01 level. Based on the results of the present study, the application of this method can be useful in planning therapeutic interventions in cardiovascular. Manuscript profile
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        94 - Determining the Effectiveness of Knowledge Based on Stress Reduction on Positive and Negative Pathology and Internal Disorders in female students with behavioral problems in NajafAbad City
        Azam Toghyani rizi Maryam Ghorbani
        10.30486/jsrp.2020.1866458.1801
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness based on reducing stress on positive and negative affairs and internalized intraocularities of girls with problem problems. The present study was a semi-experimental study with two groups of con More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness based on reducing stress on positive and negative affairs and internalized intraocularities of girls with problem problems. The present study was a semi-experimental study with two groups of control and experiment and two pre-test and post-test tests. The population of this study was female students with behavioral problems in the second year of primary school in the academic year of 1391-97. The sample consists of 30 people Female students had behavioral problems through selective sampling and then assigned to experimental and control groups. The research tools are the scale of 30 questions, problems of conduct (Rutter, 1967), The scale of internalized problems included the questionnaire of questionnaire 113 of the problem-related problems (Akhenbakh and Raskorela, 2001), and the scale of 20 The Positive and Negative Affect (Watson, Clark, and Telegene, 1988). The experimental group received 8 sessions for one and a half hours under the "Mindfulness" based on stress reduction, but the control group did not receive any treatment. Results of covariance analysis indicated that mindfulness based on reducing stress on the dimensions of positive and negative emotions and on the dimensions of internal disorders is effective. Manuscript profile
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        95 - Relationship between organization constraints with counterproductive behavior of Isfahan's Mobarakeh Steel company employees considering moderator role of negative affect
        Narges Sadat Mortazavi hamidreza oreyzi
        10.30486/jsrp.2020.1882544.2140
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship organization constraint with counterproductive behavior of Isfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company employees considering moderator role of negative affect. Organizational constraint is frustrating work condition be More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship organization constraint with counterproductive behavior of Isfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company employees considering moderator role of negative affect. Organizational constraint is frustrating work condition beyond the control of employees that prevent them from completing their work related tasks. Research design was relational and type of moderating analysis and Participants in this study were 319 employees of Isfahan's Mobarakeh Steel Company that Sample Available were selected. The instruments used included The Organizational Constraints Scale (Spector &amp; Jex,1998), Job Related Affects Scale(Fox &amp; Spector,1999) and Counterproductive Work Behavior Index(Fox, Spector &amp; Miles ,2001). Data was analyzed using the hierarchical regression and moderate analysis. The findings indicated that the high organization constraint, their counterproductive behavior increases, when employees have high negative affect. Also moderating effect of negative affect at relationship between organization constraint and counterproductive behavior in the workplace was confirmed (P&lt;0/01). Manuscript profile
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        96 - Comparison of the percentage of medium goods selection in the two groups of positive and negative affect and high and low openness to feelings in students
        hajar barati seyed hamid reza oreyzi samani
        10.30486/jsrp.2021.1904470.2516
        Emotions are involved in people's shopping behavior and influence the choice of goods. This research aimed to the comparison of the percentage of medium product selection in the two groups of positive and negative affect and high and low openness to feelings in students More
        Emotions are involved in people's shopping behavior and influence the choice of goods. This research aimed to the comparison of the percentage of medium product selection in the two groups of positive and negative affect and high and low openness to feelings in students.The research method was quasi-experimental with the reversed-treatment non-equivalent control group design. The statistical population was all undergraduate and graduate students of psychology at the University of Isfahan in all fields. A sample of 144 population members was selected as volunteers and responded to positive affect, negative affect scale (PANAS)(Watson,Clark &amp; Tellegen, 1988), short-form, and openness to feeling scale(Forgas &amp; Ciarrochi, 2001). Then they were induced with positive and negative moods. These subjects then chose from three goods packages (two packages with high risk and one package with medium risk). Data were analyzed by independent t-test and logit analysis. The Cronbach's alpha reliability of the tools was satisfactory. Findings indicated that the percent choice of medium goods is higher in subjects with positive affect and high openness to feel. Also, the effect of openness to feeling on the selection of goods by participants is moderate with positive and negative affect. According to findings, sellers can increase the probability of buying safety (high risk) goods in buyers by inducing positive (negative) effects and achieve their selling goals. Manuscript profile
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        97 - The prediction the students’ academic achievements, based on their perception of the teachers’ relationship style
        masoummeh samadi
        The purpose of this research was to predict the students&rsquo; academic achievements, based on their perception of the teachers&rsquo; communicative style. The method being used was of the descriptive, co relational, one.27339 girl students, in third grade of junior hi More
        The purpose of this research was to predict the students&rsquo; academic achievements, based on their perception of the teachers&rsquo; communicative style. The method being used was of the descriptive, co relational, one.27339 girl students, in third grade of junior high school in Tehran, were the statistical population. Amongst whom, 48 students, being about 13 years old, were selected by multiple cluster sampling. Data, then, were collected by a questioner, focusing on the student- teacher relationship style as well as the average scores of the students, during the first semester in1388-1389. By means of the psychometric criteria, both the validity and the reliability of the questioner have been verified. Descriptive analysis (mean, slandered deviation) and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the mean scores of the both positive behaviors of the teachers, as: leadership, understanding, freedom, supporting, and negative behaviors, as: indecisiveness, aggressiveness, dissatisfaction and seriousness, were very low. It is, also, represented from the multiple regression analysis that not only can positive relationship style predict the academic achievements of the students (R2=0/366, F=275/81, p &lt; 0/0001), but also, by means of the negative one, students&rsquo; low achievements would be predicted, (R2=0/504, F=134/41, p &lt; 0/0001). In positive relationship style, freedom and supporting are the best predictors however, the most powerful one is the leadership of the teacher, predicting the student achievements up to 38/7(R2=0/387, F=302/041, p &lt; 0/0001). Although all the elements in negative style are able to predict the low achievements of the student, the indecisiveness is the best indicators, 27/6, (R2=0/276, F=182/01, p &lt; 0/0001). Manuscript profile
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        98 - The Effectiveness of Mystically Based Cognitive-Behavior on Negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of University Student
        fatemeh bayanfar
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness Erfan Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of Semnan Payam-E-Noor&nbsp; University Students. In a purposeful random sample design among statistical population consisting all Pa More
        The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness Erfan Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of Semnan Payam-E-Noor&nbsp; University Students. In a purposeful random sample design among statistical population consisting all Payam-E-Noor students of Semnan City, during 2018 academic year,&nbsp;&nbsp; a total sample of 60 subjects selected by a purposeful-sampling method, and divided randomly to experimental and control groups. Two standards questionnaires of the research included: 1-Perfectiocism Scale Terry-Short, 2-Self-Efficacy Scale Sherer. Our findings revealed significantly reduced mean scores of the negative perfectionism and increase self-efficacy of the university students in the experimental&nbsp;&nbsp; group than control. It&nbsp; could be mention that the Erfan Cognitive-Behavior intervention could reduce negative Perfectionism and increase Self-Efficacy in the Payam-E-Noor university students and can help to university students mental health promotion . Manuscript profile
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        99 - hdhsdgh
        mohammad safaei
        Manuscript profile
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        100 - بازشناسی الگوی طراحی معماری از منظر احکام و قواعد فقه اسلامی
        اصغر مولائی
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        101 - نگاه مذاهب امامیه وحنفیه به کفر و ارتداددرارث
        ریحانه فرشتیان علی واعظ طبسی رضا عباس پور
        Manuscript profile
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        102 - تنافی شرط عدم فرزندآوری با قواعد فقهی، اصولی و عقلی
        هانیه صلاحی منصور امیرزاده جیرکلی رضا عباس پور
        Manuscript profile
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        103 - بررسی تطبیقی عسر و حرج در اصول قراردادهای تجاری بین‏المللی با قاعده فقهی آن در حقوق ایران
        سید مجتبی اعجازی محمد جواد صفّار
        Manuscript profile
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        104 - کاربست روش ماتریس ارزیابی اثرات سریع ( RIAM) و فیلیپس(Phillips) در ارزش گذاری آثار و پیامدهای آلاینده های زیست محیطی(مطالعه موردی شهر بابک)
        احمد منگلی میدوک محمد ابراهیم عفیفی علی وخشوری
        2111-1397
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        105 - Effectiveness of Behavioral Activation on Fear of Negative Evaluation and Internalized Stigma of Mothers with Autistic Children
        Seyed Mehran Mirbod Mohammad Reza Moradi
        The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation on fear of negative evaluation and internalized stigma of mothers with autistic children. The study population included mothers with children suffering of autism spectrum disorders in Isfa More
        The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of behavioral activation on fear of negative evaluation and internalized stigma of mothers with autistic children. The study population included mothers with children suffering of autism spectrum disorders in Isfahan that of these, 28 mothers were selected by purposive sampling method based on inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control, 14 subjects each. The experimental research design was pre-test, post-test with control and follow-up groups. Subjects responded to the research questionnaires, including Larry (1983) Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire and McVeok (2010) Internalized Stigma Questionnaire. The experimental group participated in a group behavioral activation course for 8 sessions of 90 minutes; but for the control group, no intervention was performed and a month and a half later, the follow-up stage was performed. The data were analyzed using one way and multi varriate analysis of covariance in. The results showed that behavioral activation was effective on fear of negative evaluation and internal astigma of mothers with autistic children. The results were consistent in follow-up. Manuscript profile
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        106 - The Relationship Between Maternal Overprotectiveness in Iranian Cultural and Anxious Beliefs with Child Anxiety: Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Affect
        Hossein Rostami Shirin Zeinali Maedeh Sattarinia
        https://doi.org/ 10.61186/iau.920649
        he main purpose of this study was to study the relationships between maternal over-protection in Iranian culture, mother’s anxious beliefs and child anxiety via mediating role of mother positive and negative affect. The statistical population included all mothers of two More
        he main purpose of this study was to study the relationships between maternal over-protection in Iranian culture, mother’s anxious beliefs and child anxiety via mediating role of mother positive and negative affect. The statistical population included all mothers of two to four years old child inhabitants in Urmia and Tabriz in 2021-22 who referred to “Aramesh Andisheshe” and “Aramesh” consultant centers in Urmia and Tabriz respectively. The research sample embraced 225 mothers with their children whom were selected by convenient sampling process. The research method was correlational of path analysis procedure. To collect data Roth Manual of Mother-Child Relationship Evaluation (1961), Spence et al Preschool Anxiety Scale (2001), Francis and Chorpita Parental Beliefs about Anxiety (2010) and Watson et al Positive and Negative Affect Scale (1988) were implemented. Pearson coefficient and path analysis with SPSS and Amos was applied as main statistical procedure to analyze data. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between maternal anxious beliefs, positive and negative affect with child anxiety. Maternal over-protection and anxious beliefs with child anxiety via mediating role of positive and negative affect were also significantly correlated (p<0/001). The model also had optimal goodness of fit. Concerning the findings, the mothers’ psychological characteristics in Iranian culture and culture oriented parenting styles was effective on child anxiety. Manuscript profile
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        107 - The Correlation of Resiliency, Positive and Negative Affects with Self Efficacy in Ahwaz Municipal Female Employees
        Farah Naderi Alireza Heidarie Mqrzieh Mashaal-pour
        The research was proceeded to investigate how resiliency, positive and negative affects associate to self efficacy. The sample embraced 74 women of Ahwaz Municipal Administration employees whom were selected randomly via simple sampling procedure; based on Morgan table. More
        The research was proceeded to investigate how resiliency, positive and negative affects associate to self efficacy. The sample embraced 74 women of Ahwaz Municipal Administration employees whom were selected randomly via simple sampling procedure; based on Morgan table. Conner&amp; Davidson Resiliency Scale (CD-RISC), Positive and Negative Affect Scales and General Self Efficacy Scale were administrated as data sources. The research was designed to be a correlation study.&nbsp; Multiple regression analysis as the main statistic implemented procedure revealed that there were statistically significant multiple correlation (MR=0/80, p&le;0. 05)&nbsp;&nbsp; between resiliency, positive and negative affects from one hand and self efficacy to the other hand. The results also indicated that the most portions (totally %63) of dependent variable variance significantly would be predicted by the triple independent variables while resiliency played the dominant role. Manuscript profile
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        108 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on Fear of Negative Evaluation in Social anxiety Disorder of orphaned adolescent girls
        monireh pourfarahani HosseinAhmad Brabadi Ahmad Heydarnia
        The purpose of this study was to investigate The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on Fear of Negative Evaluation in Social anxiety Disorder of orphaned adolescent girls. The method of study was semi-experimental with unequal control. The statisti More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy on Fear of Negative Evaluation in Social anxiety Disorder of orphaned adolescent girls. The method of study was semi-experimental with unequal control. The statistical population of the study is all 10-20 year-old orphaned and unsupervised adolescent girls in the two centers of welfare in Mashhad (Ali&rsquo;s Golestan and Sofraye Sakhavat) in year 2017. The sample consisted of 16 people who were selected by availability sampling that acquired a high grade on the pretest of the questionnaire of social anxeity Kanwar (2000) and unrandomly allocated into eight girls from each center the experimental and eight girls from other center control groups. Then, the Acceptance and Commitment therapy was performed in during 10 sessions for the experimental group. Finally, the post-test was taken from both the experimental and control groups. SPSS-21 software and multivariate analysis of variance analysis of differential scores were used to analyze the data. Findings show that of Acceptance and Commitment group therapy has been effective in reducing Fear of Negative Evaluation in the experimental group than the control group (P Manuscript profile
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        109 - The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy with a look at compassion therapy in cognitive regulation of negative emotions and social adjustment in patients with major depressive disorder
        Elham Paktinatan Mahboobeh Chin Aveh Samad Fereydouni
        The aim of this study was the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with a view to compassion therapy in cognitive regulation of negative emotions and social adjustment of patients with major depressive disorder. The research method was quasi More
        The aim of this study was the effectiveness of group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with a view to compassion therapy in cognitive regulation of negative emotions and social adjustment of patients with major depressive disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test and with control group and follow-up test. The sample group was a randomly selected group of patients with major depressive disorder in Jam city and Pardis and Naft towns in experimental and control groups. Acceptance and commitment group therapy was performed with a focus on compassion therapy for the experimental groups, but the control groups did not receive any specific intervention. Research tools included questionnaires of cognitive emotion regulation of Garnfsky et al. And social adjustment of Sohrabi and Samani. The results of analysis of covariance with repeated measures showed that group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with a view to compassion, reduces cognitive regulation of negative emotions in subjects The experimental group was tested in the post-test stage. Also, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment with a view to compassion, has improved personal adjustment, social adjustment, academic adjustment, job adjustment and family adjustment in the subjects of the experimental group in the post-test stage. Manuscript profile
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        110 - theeffectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy in characters such as State self-esteemand and fear of negative evaluation on high school students of Bushehr
        Naser Zare Yousef Dehghani Seyed Mousa Golestaneh
        The purpose of this study is theeffectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy on high school students in characters such as State self-esteemand fear of negative evaluation.The population includes all students enrolled in special high schools in Dashti Township in Bushehr More
        The purpose of this study is theeffectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy on high school students in characters such as State self-esteemand fear of negative evaluation.The population includes all students enrolled in special high schools in Dashti Township in Bushehr Province. 30 students were randomly selected and assigned to the experimental and the control group. The experimental group received 8 sessions intervention but control group received no intervention. Data include the self-esteem scaleand the scale of fear of negative evaluation. The Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance Statistical analysis of research hypotheses confirmed the hypothesis of the study. It suggests that there is a significant difference in the components of the self-esteemand fear of negative evaluation of the test students group who had received CBT, in comparison to the control group that did not receive any therapy. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in the state of self-esteemand fear of negative evaluation Therefore, it can be stated that cognitive behavioral therapy worked to improve self-esteemand fear of negative evaluation of the experimental group in comparison to the control group was effective. Manuscript profile
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        111 - Reflection of trade union tools and words in the words of Ghassab Kashani
        Elham Gholamkelisani Mehrdad ChatraeiAzizabadi morteza rashidi
        10.30495/farsij.2023.1945620.1571
        Among Iranian poets, especially after the Safavid period, a group of professionals gradually appeared and some of them have shone. The use of tools and occupations in poets' poetry has a long history. This application, along with the useful information that it provides More
        Among Iranian poets, especially after the Safavid period, a group of professionals gradually appeared and some of them have shone. The use of tools and occupations in poets' poetry has a long history. This application, along with the useful information that it provides about different occupations, provides guidance in better understanding the old days of Iran in different periods The literary approach of these occupations can be seen in the literary type of poetry, One of the most important features of the city of riots, in addition to the description of the beloved, is the expression of the professions that were popular in the time and place of the poet and its community. In this research, among the professional poets, we have focused on the butcher of Kashani. Kassab is one of the poets of the second half of the 11th century and the beginning of the 12th century of Hijri, who has been able to write admirable poems in addition to the mystical and lyrical themes in the creative theme of his profession, considering the level of his awareness and knowledge. Bring in your speech. aims to investigate the use of tools and related job terms in Kassani's butcher's court, and by analyzing the findings, explain the use of tools in Kassab's poetry. and show the poet's ability to combine his profession with the poetry and social characteristics of his time, how are the tools and words related to the butcher's profession reflected in the words of Kashani's butcher? Manuscript profile
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        112 - The effectiveness of supportive and non-supportive behaviors of coaches on self-efficacy and subjective well-being of Wushu athletes
        Amir Karimi atefeh Taemori navid mahtab
        10.30495/kmsj.2022.1945129.1018
        The purpose of the present study is to analyze the effectiveness of supportive and non-supportive behaviors of the instructors on the self-efficacy and subjective well-being of wushu athletes.Statistical population of this study includes all wushu athletes of Kurdistan More
        The purpose of the present study is to analyze the effectiveness of supportive and non-supportive behaviors of the instructors on the self-efficacy and subjective well-being of wushu athletes.Statistical population of this study includes all wushu athletes of Kurdistan Province who participated in national championship at different age ranges in 1399. The data on these athletes was based on the information from Kurdistan wushu sports staffs. According to Krejecie-Morgan table, statistical sample of this study includes 86 athletes who were selected based on simple random sampling. In order to collect data, some questionnaires were used. The validity of these questionnaires was approved by the professors and their reliability and sub-scales were at optimal level at Cronbach's alpha coefficient test. Statistical indicators such as frequency, percent, mean and standard deviation were used in the descriptive analysis of the data. Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) &ndash;SPSS; version 22-were used in the section of inferential statistics. The result of this study shows that 47.2% of the statistical samples have Associate degrees and 34.8% were in the range of 26 to 30 years old. The result of the referential statistics shows that supportive behaviors of the instructors have effect on the athletes' self-efficacy (96.2 =F, p&le; 0.05) and also their non-supportive behaviors have such result: (59.4 =F, p&le; 0.05). Moreover, supportive behaviors of the instructors have effects on the athletes' subjective well-being (58.3=F, P&le; 0.05). This is also true for the non-supportive behaviors of the instructors on the athletes' subjective well-being(34.10=F,P &le; 0.05). &emsp; Manuscript profile
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        113 - Individual and social negative effects of presence public and media in court hearings from critics' view of public trial
        Morteza Rasteh Ali Ghorbani
        Study of views presented in relation to public justice system shows fact that despite the fact that the publicity of the trial in international standards and the domestic laws of most countries it is one of the most basic components of fair proceedings and in a way one More
        Study of views presented in relation to public justice system shows fact that despite the fact that the publicity of the trial in international standards and the domestic laws of most countries it is one of the most basic components of fair proceedings and in a way one of the most important guarantees It is considered, but critics of public trials are opinion that Individual and social negative effects of presence of people and media in the court are also numerous and cause that there are still concerns regarding establishment of a fair hearing. In this regard, topics such as distortion of accused's defence right; Damage to dignity of victims certain crimes; Negative impact on some intuition; Negative effect on judge and weakening of his authority; Denying the principle of innocence due to prejudice and labeling; and also, Degradation of the criminal justice system, As a theoretical basis need to exclude people and media from attending court hearings has attracted attention of critics of the public justice system. This research, with a descriptive-analytical approach and use of library method, describes the position each of these issues from the perspective of critics of public trial. Manuscript profile
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        114 - Relationship between executive functions and positive and negative mood and creativity of students.
        Katayon Fakhr avari Mohammad Hosein Abdalahi Mahnaz Shahgholian
        The aim of the current research was to investigate the relationship between three specific executive abilities&ndash;updating, shifting, and inhibition&ndash; and mood and creativity. In the descriptive (correlation) study, 120 volunteer student (51 male,70 female) answ More
        The aim of the current research was to investigate the relationship between three specific executive abilities&ndash;updating, shifting, and inhibition&ndash; and mood and creativity. In the descriptive (correlation) study, 120 volunteer student (51 male,70 female) answered the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) and Torrance test of creative thinking figural form B (TTCT), then three different types of executive functions were assessed by n-back test, Wisconsin card sorting test and simple stroop test in psychometrics laboratory. The result of the research indicated that there is a positive meaningful relationship between positive mood and creativity. Moreover, in positive mood updating predicted creativity and inhibition predicted originality but not fluency or elaboration of ideas and shifting unable to predicted component of creativity. The findings provide direct support for the executive involvement in creative thought and the role of positive mood that may facilitate updating and inhibition to new idea generation. We conclude that reative thought does not solely depend on spontaneous thought processes, but strongly relies on controlled top-down activity. Manuscript profile
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        115 - A Casual Explanation of Creativity: The Role of ‎Attachment Styles and Positive and Negative Emotions
        somayeh esmaeliy Razieh Sheikholeslami
        Background: Creativity is an effective key agent in the domain of social science, psychology and educational activities. In the modern world, innovation, creativity and problem solving ability are key skills. Creativity is standing on different factors such as attachmen More
        Background: Creativity is an effective key agent in the domain of social science, psychology and educational activities. In the modern world, innovation, creativity and problem solving ability are key skills. Creativity is standing on different factors such as attachment styles and positive and negative emotions. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of positive and negative emotions in the relationship between attachment styles and students' creativity. Method: The present research project was a correlation study in which the causal relationships between variables were studied in the form of structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male and female undergraduate students of Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2015-2016, that among them, 574 students (329 female and 243 male) from all five faculties of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz (Faculty of Engineering, Nursing, Basic Sciences, Agriculture and Humanities) were selected by cluster random sampling and completed Revised Adult Attachment Scale&nbsp; (Collins &amp; Read, 1990), positive and negative affects questionnaire (Bradshaw, 2009) and creativity questionnaire (Abedi, 1993). Results: The results of structural equation by using AMOS-22 software showed that the final model has good fitness with research data (CFI=0.985, GFI=0.978, IFI=0.986, X2/df=1.884, RMSEA=0.040, PCLOSE=0.884). The results of path analysis showed that secure and ambivalence attachment styles have direct effect on creativity. Also, attachment styles affected positive and negative emotions. Furthermore, the mediating role of negative emotion in the relationship between attachment styles and creativity was confirmed.&nbsp; Conclusion: In sum, the results of this research indicate the determination role of attachment style and emotion on students' creativity. Keywords: Attachment styles, Creativity, Negative emotion, Positive emotion. Manuscript profile
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        116 - The Relationship between Positive Affection, Negative Affection and Intrinsic Motivation with Creativity
        Hajar Kazemi Zadeh Robabeh Nouri Ghasemabadi
        Background: Creativity as the ability to generate novel ideas and think creatively about problems, has long been considered an important skill for individuals, as well as for societies. Objective: Therefore, this research was carried out to study the relationship betwee More
        Background: Creativity as the ability to generate novel ideas and think creatively about problems, has long been considered an important skill for individuals, as well as for societies. Objective: Therefore, this research was carried out to study the relationship between positive affection, negative affection and intrinsic motivation with creativity. Method: Among students of Tehran University 100 were selected using stratified random sampling to participate in the research. Research questionnaires included: Watson&nbsp;&nbsp; et al (1988), 20 item questionnaire for Assessment of Positive and Negative Affection, Amabile and Tierney&rsquo;s (1999), 5 item intrinsic motivation questionnaire, and Palmon et al (2004), 11 item creativity questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson&rsquo;s correlation coefficient, step by step multiple regression analysis, and t- test. Findings: The results showed there is positive significant relation between creativity with positive affection and intrinsic motivation. There was also a negative - but not significant- correlation between negative affection and creativity. Based on these results, positive affection and intrinsic motivation could determinerespectively 46% and 4% of creativity&rsquo;s variance. Conclusion: So, positive affection and intrinsic motivation can predict creativity scores, but negative affection is not a suitable predictor for creativity. Manuscript profile
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        117 - Chemical control on the causal agent of tobacco blue mold disease
        seyed afshin sajadi mohamadreza Najafi aliakbar Masoudi
        The Peronospora tabacina Adam fungi causes blue mold disease in the tobacco seedbed and fields. The purpose of this project was a survey of fungicides performance on the management of the tobacco blue mold. The experiments were carried out in the tobacco field with the More
        The Peronospora tabacina Adam fungi causes blue mold disease in the tobacco seedbed and fields. The purpose of this project was a survey of fungicides performance on the management of the tobacco blue mold. The experiments were carried out in the tobacco field with the cultivar HBT8 in 8&times;5 m plots with 8 treatments in 4 replications in a randomized complete block design in the village of Esbokola Sari (Mazandaran province) through 2019. Experimental treatments included fungicides: 1. Infinito (Propamocarb (62.5%)+ Flopicolide (6.25%) Infinfito, SC 68.75) at concentration of 0.5/1000, 2. Infinito at concentration of 1/1000, 3. Infinito at concentration of 1.5/1000, 4. Ridomil-mancozeb (metalaxyl) at concentration of 0.5/1000, 5. Ridomil-mancozeb at concentration of 1/1000, 6. Ridomil-mancozeb at concentrations of 1.5 /1000, 7. Dithane M45 at concentration of 2.5/1000, 8. control (spray with water). As the first symptoms of the disease was observed, spraying was performed and the results were compared with water control. The disease severity was assessed when the disease percentage in the control treatment was estimated at 50%. Design data was analysed with MSTAT-C software and mean comparison was done by LSD. The results of variance analysis showed a significant difference among the treatments at the 1% probability level. The fungicides of Infinito (1 and 1.5/1000), Ridomil-mancozeb (metalaxyl 1 and 1.5/1000), Dithane M45 (2.5/1000) and Infinito and Ridomil-mancozeb at concentrations of 0.5/1000 respectively, with 90, 88, 87, 82, 80, 75 and 70 percent controlled Tobacco blue mold disease in field. Therefore, fungicides of Infinito (1 and 1.5/1000), Ridomil-mancozeb (1/1000) are recommended for the management of Tobacco blue mold disease in field. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        118 - Comparison of Confidor and Palizin in control of greenhouse whitefly adults in Gerbera commercial greenhouses in Pakdasht
        Zahra Ali Bazhashi Samin Seddigh Bahram Tafaghodinia
        Gerbera is attacked by a large number of pests, one of the most important of which is greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood). Currently, it is controlled by chemical and large amounts of money are used to import insecticides to control this pest annual More
        Gerbera is attacked by a large number of pests, one of the most important of which is greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood). Currently, it is controlled by chemical and large amounts of money are used to import insecticides to control this pest annually. In current research, the effect of Palizin and Imidacloprid in T. vaporariorum control in commercial gerbera greenhouses was compared. The experiment was performed in a commercial greenhouse in Pakdasht, Tehran. The same size and none flower gerbera pots were selected for further analysis. Before and after the experiment, the number of nymphs and adults were estimated. Selected factors were included: the pesticide in two levels, pesticide dose in three levels (0.5, 1 and 1.5), application time in three levels (hours 8, 12 and 16) and replications in a month in three levels (2, 4 and 6). Data was analyzed using Design Expert 10 software with RSM (Response Surface Method) method. Based on the result, the mortality percentage of whitefly adults during the use of Confidor is significantly higher than Palizin. Also the only significant factor was the pesticide type, and other factors will not make any significant changes in the response. Manuscript profile
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        119 - رابطه پایداری تغییرات غیرعادی مانده وجوه نقد با پایداری اقلام تعهدی اختیاری)مدیریت سود(
        سیدحسن صالح نژاد حسین اکبری سید حسام وقفی
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        120 - تأثیرنقدشوندگی سهام برعملکردشرکتوریسک سقوط قیمت سهام
        بهزاد خدایی مهدی بشکوه
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        121 - بررسی اثر اهرم و بازخورد نوسانات در بورس تهران
        سید محسن موسوی محمدرضا پورابراهیمی
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        122 - Investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety and fear of negative evaluation of women facing divorce
        مطهره گلستانی Dr.farzad dehghanifar
        10.30495/sbq.2023.705468
        AbstractWomen facing divorce face psychological challenges. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to commitment-based treatments in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety and fear More
        AbstractWomen facing divorce face psychological challenges. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to commitment-based treatments in this field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on anxiety and fear of negative evaluation of women facing divorce. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study was all women who were subject to divorce in Kerman city in 1401. 30 people were selected as a sample using the available sampling method and replaced by simple random in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Wells's (1994) anxiety questionnaire and Watson and Friend's (1969) fear of negative evaluation questionnaire were used to collect information. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and covariance analysis were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that treatment based on commitment is effective on anxiety and fear of negative evaluation of women facing divorce at a significance level of P&lt;0.01. Considering the effectiveness of treatments based on commitment and on anxiety and fear of negative evaluation of women, it seems that this treatment can be used to reduce the psychological problems of women facing divorce. Manuscript profile
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        123 - اثربخشی درمان فراتشخیصی یکپارچه بر هیجان خواهی و ترس از ارزیابی منفی دختران آسیب دیده از فضای اینستاگرام
        غزال زند کریمی زهره سادات علوی
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        124 - A Study of the Characters of J. K. Rowling’s Harry Potter Based on Erich Fromm’s ideas of Positive Freedom and Love
        فائزه هرمز نژاد ایوب دبیری
        10.30495/sbq.2023.705378
        AbstractThis research studied J. K. Rowling&rsquo;s Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows based on Erich Fromm&rsquo;s ideas of positive freedom or acceptance of freedom. Based on Fromm&rsq More
        AbstractThis research studied J. K. Rowling&rsquo;s Harry Potter and the Order of Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows based on Erich Fromm&rsquo;s ideas of positive freedom or acceptance of freedom. Based on Fromm&rsquo;s ideas in Escape from Freedom, Harry and his friends are spontaneous and free individuals who move to positive freedom stage. In his Art of loving Fromm explores the ways which lead to this stage. He believed that love and productive work are the ways leading to self-independence and integration. On the other hand, self-destruction is the negative freedom which destroys self-integration. Love according to Fromm is giving, not receiving and the mature love is the one which is accompanied with care, responsibility, respect and knowledge and ultimately leads to integration. This research studied Harry Potter novels which are about a boy who didn&rsquo;t misuse others and friends while he was undoubtedly popular in magical world and he not only protected them but also scarified his own life when he understood the truth that the defeat of Voldemort was dependent on his own death. He chose love and sacrifice in contrast to Tom Riddle who had changed his identity to Voldemort because he hated common things and names. He did not have any real friends, posed power in the worst destructive ways, tortured others and murdered them because he considered them as threats to his own goal of reaching immortality. Manuscript profile
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        125 - explanation the hidden curriculum effects in schools and Providing a solution to reduce negative effects and increasing positive effects
        رضا میرعرب رضی mahdi akbari
        The purpose of this study was to survey of schools hidden curriculum and offering solutions In order to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects. For this purpose, a community of schools teachers and administrators of Mazandaran province was conside More
        The purpose of this study was to survey of schools hidden curriculum and offering solutions In order to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects. For this purpose, a community of schools teachers and administrators of Mazandaran province was considered (4330) that a sample of 255 teachers and 71 administrators were selected by cluster sampling. Survey research was carried out using a Researcher made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was 79/0. The results show that teachers and administrators believe the negative effects of hidden curriculum are weak and the effects of positive are rich. In other words, they regard the status of the effects of the curriculum in their students' experiences as positive. In order to navigate the views of the participants, they were asked to provide the appropriate solutions in the hidden curriculum. Offered 12 solutions from view of teachers and administrators reduce the negative effects hidden curriculum. Such as Students should not be classified according to their economic situation (question 14 with average of 37/4), There is a need for group work in the school (item 7 with an average of 16/4), success in the school is not the result of unconditional obedience to the authorities (item 11 with an average of 95/3), to increase the positive effects of hidden curriculum, 10 solutions were proposed such as Students' knowledge development (with a mean of 50/4), school emphasis on students' self-awareness (with a mean of 29/4), attention to mental health of children. Manuscript profile
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        126 - investigation of relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm
        Shahla Mahmudian behrang esmaeili shad
        The purpose of this research is to study the relation between perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm .This research is a kind of descriptive-correlation research.203 girls and boys students who are studing in high schools are considered as More
        The purpose of this research is to study the relation between perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm .This research is a kind of descriptive-correlation research.203 girls and boys students who are studing in high schools are considered as statistic population of this research.All samples of this research was counted and the questionnaires was distributed between all of the students .The data of research were collected via the scale of Tree-short and workers, perfectionism (1995) and Torrance,s creativity quiz (2002) .previously, the integrity of it was approved of professors and experts stability of this scale via Cronbach's alpha coefficient for positive and negative perfectionism of subscales was obtained 0/87 and 0/85 , respectively. and we obtained 0/82 for scale of creativity .In order to study the relations between the hypothesises of research via 18th version of SPSS software , we used collected data of Peirsoon,s correlation statiscal quiz , and then they were analysed by method of statistical analysis of multivariate Regression and T .the scale of perfectionism elaluates two dimensions that was named positive perfectionism and negative perfectionism .The result of multiple Regression ,s analysis is showed that:There is a meaningful relation between the dimension of perfectionism and creativity. The girls obtained higher grades in negative perfectionism while the boys obtained higher grades in positive perfectionism. Manuscript profile
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        127 - The effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy and schema therapy on the rate of using negative auotomatic thoughts in depressive patients.
        mehdi ghasemi Gholamreza Manshaee karim askari Houshang talebi
        This study investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on the rate of using negative auotomatic thoughts in women with major depressive patients in mashhad. Participants were 24 depressed women clients, randomly selected and randomly designated More
        This study investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on the rate of using negative auotomatic thoughts in women with major depressive patients in mashhad. Participants were 24 depressed women clients, randomly selected and randomly designated to 2 groups (one experimental group and one control group) The present experiment is of pre test, post test, control group kind. To gather data questionnaires measuring negative automatic thoughts were applied. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (repeated analysis of variance) were used to test the research hypothesis. Thr results showed that mindfulness based cognitive therapy were effective in decrease of negative automatic thoughts in women with depressive disorder Manuscript profile
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        128 - Survey of schools hidden curriculum and offering solutions In order to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects
        reza mirarab mahdi akbari
        The purpose of this study was to survey of schools hidden curriculum and offering solutions In order to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects. For this purpose, a community of schools teachers and administrators of Mazandaran province was conside More
        The purpose of this study was to survey of schools hidden curriculum and offering solutions In order to reduce the negative effects and increase the positive effects. For this purpose, a community of schools teachers and administrators of Mazandaran province was considered (4330) that a sample of 255 teachers and 71 administrators were selected by cluster sampling. Survey research was carried out using a Researcher made questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was 79/0. The results show that teachers and administrators believe the negative effects of hidden curriculum are weak and the effects of positive are rich. In other words, they regard the status of the effects of the curriculum in their students' experiences as positive. In order to navigate the views of the participants, they were asked to provide the appropriate solutions in the hidden curriculum. Offered 12 solutions from view of teachers and administrators reduce the negative effects hidden curriculum. Such as Students should not be classified according to their economic situation (question 14 with average of 37/4), There is a need for group work in the school (item 7 with an average of 16/4), success in the school is not the result of unconditional obedience to the authorities (item 11 with an average of 95/3), to increase the positive effects of hidden curriculum, 10 solutions were proposed such as Students' knowledge development (with a mean of 50/4), school emphasis on students' self-awareness (with a mean of 29/4), attention to mental health of children (with a mean of 04/4). &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        129 - The Place of Freedom in the Political Philosophy of Isaiah Berlin
        Soheila Naderi Zarneh Mohammad Tohid Fam Ahmad Bakhshaishi Ardestani Ali Akbar Amini
        The main purpose of this article is to explain the place of freedom in the political philosophy of Isaiah Berlin. The main question of the article is what is the place of freedom in the political philosophy of Isaiah Berlin? In response to this hypothesis, it has been s More
        The main purpose of this article is to explain the place of freedom in the political philosophy of Isaiah Berlin. The main question of the article is what is the place of freedom in the political philosophy of Isaiah Berlin? In response to this hypothesis, it has been suggested that in Isaiah Berlin's political philosophy, freedom is the most important component in countering tyranny. The results of the present article show that due to the existence of tyranny in different societies, especially in the third world, different masses must use different tools to achieve freedom in order to eliminate tyranny. In fact, from Berlin's point of view, freedom is the main obstacle to tyranny. The type of research method in this article is fundamental in terms of purpose and analytical in nature and based on library studies. Manuscript profile
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        130 - Breach of Obligation to Provide Information in the Contractual Relations of Iranian-British Law
        Shahram Ghasemi Seyyed Hekmatollah Askari Ranjbar Sahraiey MassoudReza
        The parties of a contract are required to express their available information to the other party. What is the legal nature of the obligation to inform, the fulfillment conditions and cases of its violation? The principle of good faith and the necessity of cooperation in More
        The parties of a contract are required to express their available information to the other party. What is the legal nature of the obligation to inform, the fulfillment conditions and cases of its violation? The principle of good faith and the necessity of cooperation in contracts and agreements in creating a balance in the knowledge and position of the parties is the basis for the birth of this contractual obligation. The goal is to support the elimination of one-sided ignorance and establish balance and exchange justice. Based on the type of contracts, depending on whether we consider the obligation to provide information as an obligation by the means or the result, the violation of the obligation is of two types: positive (failure to express information effective in the conclusion or execution of contracts) and negative (failure to express information effective in the conclusion and execution of works). Divided and refrained from stating the facts, the civil liability of the contract is established based on the principle of full compensation for the damage and the balance of the position of the ignorant party against the world. Manuscript profile
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        131 - The relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination: the mediator and moderator roles of test anxiety and self-compassion
        MohammadReza Tamannaeifar Elham Mahboobi
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of negative perfectionism and academic procrastination according to the mediating and moderating role of test anxiety and self-compassion in students. Sample consisted of 362 male and female students of 2th c More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of negative perfectionism and academic procrastination according to the mediating and moderating role of test anxiety and self-compassion in students. Sample consisted of 362 male and female students of 2th course of high school of Kashan who were selected by multi - stage random sampling. In order to collect information the Academic Procrastination Scale, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Test Anxiety Scale and Self-Compassion Scale&mdash;Short Form were used. The proposed model of the present study was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicated that the purposed model has relatively acceptable fit. Also, analysis of model indicated direct path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination was non- significant, but the total path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination was significant. Furthermore, indirect path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination through test anxiety was significant. The results also indicated that the mediated relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination was different from the test anxiety in students with high and low self-compassion. These findings have empirical implications in educational environments that can have the role in students' academic achievement. Manuscript profile
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        132 - Causal modeling of relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism with Students' academic self-handicapping
        Raziah Abdali Saeed Moshtaghi
        The aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad More
        The aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad University were selected by stratified random sampling method. The participants completed the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones &amp; Rvdvlt, 1982), Positive Perfectionism Questionnaire (Terry-Short et al, 1995), brief form of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1989) and Self-Esteem Instability (Howard, 2017). The model was evaluated using path analysis and with the help of Amos software. The results indicated that the proposed model had acceptable fit with regard to the indices obtained. In this model, the fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism have a significant direct effect on academic self-handicapping. In addition, the indirect effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-esteem instability on academic self-handicapping through the positive perfectionism was also significant (p &lt; 0.05). Based on the above results, encouraging and orienting the goal of positive perfectionism in students can reduce the incidence of academic procrastination in them. Manuscript profile
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        133 - The mediation role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between perfectionism with test anxiety
        Atefe Jonbeshi Khadije Abolmaali Alhoseini
        Manuscript profile
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        134 - The Role of Big Five-Factors of Personality in Prediction of University Students’ Achievement Emotions
        Maryam Bordbar Razieh Sheikholeslami
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of big five factors of personality in university students&rsquo; achievement emotions (positive &amp; negative). The sample consisted of 175 Shiraz University students that were selected through the multi-stage clust More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of big five factors of personality in university students&rsquo; achievement emotions (positive &amp; negative). The sample consisted of 175 Shiraz University students that were selected through the multi-stage cluster random sampling. The research instruments included achievement goals questionnaire and achievement emotions questionnaire. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that conscientiousness and openness positively predicted positive achievement emotions. Neuroticism was the positive and significant predictor of negative achievement emotions and openness was a positive and significant predictor of negative achievement emotions. In sum, this research shows that personality traits play effective role in university students&rsquo; emotional experiences in achievement settings. Manuscript profile
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        135 - Sensation seeking among positive and negative test standardization Panas
        Shohreh Ghorbanshiroudi Maryam Abbas Ghorbani
        The main objective of the present study; Standardization, validity and reliability of the scale, the positive and negative affectivity as a psychological construct based on the theory that fits the cultural and social values ​​and norms of society. The present Study is More
        The main objective of the present study; Standardization, validity and reliability of the scale, the positive and negative affectivity as a psychological construct based on the theory that fits the cultural and social values ​​and norms of society. The present Study is descriptive (exploratory) Research. The population of all undergraduate and postgraduate students of Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran West. in a study of 420 randomly Mazandaran University of West participated in the study. To examine the correlation analysis Cronbach's alpha coefficient and validity of the formula And validity through principal component (PC) To study the basic structure of the questionnaire, The final stage of the extracted factors using varimax rotation, All these methods for structure determination was performed using the compute;r Finally, Z and T tests were used for standard applications. The results of this study indicate that Sensation Seeking Scale positive and negative Panas Among students of Islamic Azad University West province has adequate validity and reliability Sensation Seeking Scale positive and negative that can be said at present considering the long run"Up to 10 to 15 minutes." Methods "in both solo and group of" ease of scoring the test is considered the most important aspects of practicality; It is quite a good tool for measuring sensation seeking scale. In addition to an overview of the instrument can measure sensation seeking as a valid and reliable instrument for psychological research is, sociological, and of counseling centers and of personality used. The results of the factor analysis indicated that the scale has six operating Manuscript profile
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        136 - Predict happiness based on forgiveness and positive and negative emotions
        Loobat Abolmasoumi Haiede Saberi
        The primary aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between forgiveness and positive and negative emotions of happiness among employees Department of Agriculture's Economic Planning. For this purpose, 148 employees of the office staff were selected by simp More
        The primary aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between forgiveness and positive and negative emotions of happiness among employees Department of Agriculture's Economic Planning. For this purpose, 148 employees of the office staff were selected by simple random sampling. In this study, the Positive and Negative Affect Scale Oxford happiness questionnaire and Heartland Forgiveness Scale were used to collect information. The results showed that positive emotion has a positive and significant correlation with happiness. While negative emotions variable is negative and significant correlation with happiness. The results also showed a significant variable for forgiveness does not predict happiness. Manuscript profile
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        137 - The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in the fear of negative evaluation on social anxiety clinical syndrome
        Leila Najdi Tavakkol Mousazadeh Reza Kazemi
        Social anxiety disorder is a kind of chronic and general anxiety disorders and fear of negative evaluation is one of the effective cognitive dysfunctions in the formation of social anxiety. The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of acceptance and co More
        Social anxiety disorder is a kind of chronic and general anxiety disorders and fear of negative evaluation is one of the effective cognitive dysfunctions in the formation of social anxiety. The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on anxiety sensitivity in social anxiety clinical syndrome. The method of present study was semi-experimental (pre-test __ post-test) with control group. Therefore, 60 female subjects were selected based on structured diagnostic interview of DSM-5 and targeted sampling method assigned to two groups: acceptance and commitment therapy (N=20), cognitive therapy based on mind-fullness (N=20) and control group (N=20). The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and Brief Form of Negative Evaluation Scale fear questionnaire (BFNE-S) were assessed for gathering data. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the results. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups of interventional therapy based on acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and control group in the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of fear of negative evaluation (P < 0/01). Overall, the results of this study indicated that both the method of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy had an effect upon reducing anxiety sensitivity in clinical syndrome of university students'' social anxiety. Manuscript profile
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        138 - Gharari marriage and its effect on marriage from the perspective of imami and Hanfi jurists
        jamshid Abdoyi Reza Ranjbar
        10.30495/jwsf.2023.1990389.1873
        Context and purpose: There are two general and specific readings about the rule of negation. For this reason, three jurisprudential views have been formed regarding the scope of the rule of negation of gharr: The first view considers negation of gharr as abbreviated to More
        Context and purpose: There are two general and specific readings about the rule of negation. For this reason, three jurisprudential views have been formed regarding the scope of the rule of negation of gharr: The first view considers negation of gharr as abbreviated to sale and lease, the second view considers barter contracts as subject to the provisions of negation of gharr, the third view accepts the application of the rule and negation . Gharar is considered necessary in all contracts. As a result of this disagreement, the question is whether gharar is prohibited from the marriage contract or not. Considering that there is a difference in the nature of the marriage contract among the jurists, the purpose of the present study is to examine the nature of the marriage contract and explain the effects of the Gharari contract in the view of Imamiyyah and Hanafiyyah jurists. Materials and methods: This research is of a theoretical type, the research method is descriptive-analytical, and the method of collecting information is a library, and it was done by referring to documents, books and articles. Ethical considerations: In all stages of writing the present research, while respecting the originality of the texts, honesty and trustworthiness have been observed. Findings: The findings of the present research show that gharar is included in the dowry in the marriage contract and is not in the marriage contract itself, because the marriage is a contract that is not invalidated by the unknown exchange, and the Hanafi jurists include gharar in the dowry in a figurative way. have known that there is ignorance in the form of dowry. Result: To determine the position of gharar in marriage, we must first explain and specify the month of the marriage contract. There are two views in this regard. For they know A marriage contract is also necessary and necessary, in contrast to some people, considering the sanctity of the family institution and its importance, and the discovery of the legality of the marriage contract, it is not merely a contract of exchange, and it is not possible to exchange dowry, for example. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        139 - بررسی مقایسه سازگاری زناشویی، همدلی و عاطفه مثبت و منفی زنان بارور و نابارور شهر کرمان
        زهره جعفرخانی مریم صدقی گلناز شعبانیان وحید منظری توکلی
        Manuscript profile
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        140 - Phenomenology of cultural barriers to development in Zanjan
        Leila Naderloo Robabeh Pourjabali Mahbooe Babaei
        10.30495/jss.2022.1946863.1410
        The main purpose of this research is to study, understand and conceptualize the concept of development culture and barriers to development in Zanjan, which in terms of the purpose of applied research and in terms of method, qualitative research with a phenomenological a More
        The main purpose of this research is to study, understand and conceptualize the concept of development culture and barriers to development in Zanjan, which in terms of the purpose of applied research and in terms of method, qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. The average duration of each interview was 30 to 60 minutes. Klaizi analysis method was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the spread of globalization and the advancement of technology and the culture of misuse of development tools such as the Internet, satellite, cyberspace, etc., has shaken the foundation of families, tendency to individualism and negative utilitarianism, as well as the opposition between tradition and modernity, extreme prejudice. Severe prejudice, from alienation and consumerism, the occurrence of cultural changes to cultural development, Lack of social demands, lack of attention to legalism and correct social behavior, failure to realize social, cultural, symbolic, human, economic, political and ... Capital renaissance , Other cultural barriers to development were developed from the results of the study.the &nbsp;Conflict of interest Manuscript profile
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        141 - Social factors related to improving the social status of high school teachers in Meshkinshahr from teachers’ own points of view
        Azizeh Jahangiri Mahmood Elmi
        The present study was conducted in order to investigate the social factors related to improving the social status of high school teachers in Meshkinshahr from teachers&rsquo; own points of view. This is an applied research which in terms of time is cross-sectional and i More
        The present study was conducted in order to investigate the social factors related to improving the social status of high school teachers in Meshkinshahr from teachers&rsquo; own points of view. This is an applied research which in terms of time is cross-sectional and in terms of controlling the research conditions is a survey and descriptive- correlation. The statistical population of this study was all high school teachers in Meshkinshahr in 93-94 educational years (670), and using the stratified random sampling 245 teachers was selected as the sample size through Cochran formula. In order to collect data a questionnaire was used. The results of Pearson Correlation Test show that, there is a meaningful relationship between improving the social status of teachers and the following variables: salaries and benefits of teachers, teachers&rsquo; access to facilities, teachers&rsquo; membership in independent trade organizations, the citizens&rsquo; trust to teachers, the attention of Media to teachers and increasing the teachers&rsquo; skills. Also, the results of multi-variate regression show that, 79% of the improvement of teachers&rsquo; social status is due to relationship between a linear combination of independent variables and the remaining 21% which is called coefficient of no determination is due to other factors that were not included in this study.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        142 - The nature and effects of Qa-Rar (risk) in transactions in Imamiyyah and Hanafi jurisprudence
        Jamshid Abdovi Reza Ranjbar
        10.3495/jiil.2022.1953474.1632
        Qa-Rar in contracts and deals is a deal or a contract that is accompanied by risk, deceit, trickery, negligence, ignorance, deficiency, etc. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the nature and effects of Qa-Rar in Imamiyyah and Hanafi jurisprudence More
        Qa-Rar in contracts and deals is a deal or a contract that is accompanied by risk, deceit, trickery, negligence, ignorance, deficiency, etc. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the nature and effects of Qa-Rar in Imamiyyah and Hanafi jurisprudence. Based on the research results; To realize the Qa-Rar in Hanafi jurisprudence; Gharr should be many and many, Gharr should be originally found in the contract, there should be no necessity and emergency for the contract, Qa-Rar should be in financial contracts. In Imamiyyah jurisprudence, for the realization of gharar in contracts; The fraud must be effective, the fraud must be effective in transactions, the fraud must be to the extent that the transaction is attributed to it, the fraud is effective in the validity of the transaction that is related to its case. Of course, the main difference between the two Hanafi and Imami schools of thought is related to the issue of necessity and urgency. Hanafi scholars believe that the sale of Qa-Rar is a sale that involves ignorance and danger, and the Holy Sharia forbids it and it is impermissible. In Imamiyyah jurisprudence, along with the prohibition of gratuitous contracts, they have also mentioned the sale of a distressed person and considered it abhorrent to deal with a distressed person. However, gratuity is prohibited in Imamiyyah jurisprudence, and if it is not to the extent that one can ignore it, It causes the cancellation of the transaction and contract. Manuscript profile
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        143 - -
        سمیه اسلامی مرتضی نجابت خواه Ali Akbar Gorji Azandaryani Mostafa Taghizadeh Ansari
        10.3495/jiil.2021.690377
        -
        - Manuscript profile
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        144 - مفهوم رقابت و تعهدات منفی در ، حقوق رقابت ایران ، فقه و اتحادیه‌ی اروپا
        vadood barzi دکتر اسماعیل صغیری
        Manuscript profile
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        145 - The Ratio of Alienation and Utopia in the Frankfurt Critical School
        Garineh Keshishyan Siraki Hamed Mehrali
        The Frankfurt School, by observing the human condition in the twentieth century, considers the existing society as completely devoid of rationality and its components as an obstacle to human liberation, thus making it clear that this truth-free construction has created More
        The Frankfurt School, by observing the human condition in the twentieth century, considers the existing society as completely devoid of rationality and its components as an obstacle to human liberation, thus making it clear that this truth-free construction has created a crisis rooted in the foundations of the modern West. The fundamental question of the research is what crisis does the Frankfurt School identify in modern society and what solution does it offer to get out of it? The research hypothesis explains that the Frankfurters studied the crisis of "alienation" by studying modernity, and made statements such as mechanism, technology, instrumental reason, the culture industry, impossible art, media, capitalism, scientism, positivism, bureaucracy, and various ideologies. No exclusion-they knew the causes of the crisis. Cases that can be considered in two categories of higher causes and causal causes (causes that are both born and the cause of alienation). Their opinion leads minus the characteristics of the existing society and is worthy of dialectical cognition, that is, rational and extremely free societies. Technology is placed in its main dignity, that is, instrumentality, so that through this, man can get out of the state of objectification and become one with his original nature. Also, in the forthcoming research, Thomas Spragen&rsquo;s Crisis Theory, the theoretical framework and the basis of discussion have been established. Manuscript profile
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        146 - مقایسه کارآمدی روش های تدریس تعاملی-مشارکتی و غیر تعاملی کار-محور بر ترس از ارزیابی منفی زبان آموزان در کلاس های نامتجانس دانشگاهی
        نبی ا... اکبرنتاج شوب قدرت ا... عباسی بهرام میرزاییان
        10.30495/jal.2019.671907
        اهمیت یادگیری زبان انگلیسی در عصر علم، تکنولوژی، و ارتباطات کاملا آشکار است، لیکن یادگیری آن در جمع برای برخی فراگیران همراه با موانع روان شناختی است. این پژوهش به هدف بررسی مقایسه کارآمدی روش های تدریس تعاملی-مشارکتی و غیرتعاملی کار-محور بر کاهش ترس از ارزیابی منفی فرا More
        اهمیت یادگیری زبان انگلیسی در عصر علم، تکنولوژی، و ارتباطات کاملا آشکار است، لیکن یادگیری آن در جمع برای برخی فراگیران همراه با موانع روان شناختی است. این پژوهش به هدف بررسی مقایسه کارآمدی روش های تدریس تعاملی-مشارکتی و غیرتعاملی کار-محور بر کاهش ترس از ارزیابی منفی فراگیران صورت گرفت. جامعه آماری تحقیق ۴۲۰۰ دانشجوی بدون کنکور دانشگاه آزاد واحد بابل بودند که ۳۲۰ نفر از آنها طی فراخوان عمومی برای شرکت در کلاسهای زبان داوطلب شده که ۹۰ نفر از طریق نمونه گیریدر دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در ۳ کلاس ۳۰ نفره (دو کلاس آزمایشی و یک کلاس کنترل) وارد شدند. قبل از شروع تدریس، پرسشنامه ترس از ارزیابی منفی لری (۱۹۸۳) با پایایی آلفای کرانباخ ۷۶۹/۰ آزمون شد و سپس آموزش در گروه آزمایشی اول با استفاده از روش تدریس تعاملی-مشارکتی کار-محور، در گروه آزمایشی دوم با روش تدریس غیرتعاملی کار-محور و در گروه کنترل با استفاده از روش تدریس معمول و سنتی در ۲۰ جلسه ۹۰ دقیقه ای صورت گرفت. پس از انجام پس آزمون ، تحلیل کوواریانس تک متغیره دو راهه (درون گروهی و بین گروهی) و آزمون تعقیبی توکی نشان داد که هر دو روش کار-محور با سطح معنا داری ۰۰۱/۰&gt;&nbsp; Pاز روش سنتی در گروه کنترل بهتر عمل کردند و در مقایسه دو گروه آزمایشی نیز، گروه برخوردار از روش تعاملی-مشارکتی با سطح معناداری ۰۰۱/۰&gt;&nbsp; Pاز گروه آزمایشی دوم بهره مند از روش تدریس غیر تعاملی کار-محور قوی تر عمل کرده است.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        147 - The Effective Time for Heir's Permission in the Testamentary Disposition of more than One - Third of the Estate
        mohammad alemzadeh mohammad alemzadeh
        In case in which the testator dispose of more than one - third of the estate, with respect of majority of Imamiyeh jurisprudence view, the heir's permission is non ‌returnable but it has been said that the heir's permission is returnable on the ground, that, they ha More
        In case in which the testator dispose of more than one - third of the estate, with respect of majority of Imamiyeh jurisprudence view, the heir's permission is non ‌returnable but it has been said that the heir's permission is returnable on the ground, that, they have not any possession on the testator's properties during his living time. Article 843 of Iran's Civil Code provided that: the testamentary disposition of more than one-third of the estate is not valid, except with the permission of the heirs and if some of the heirs agree, the disposition applies only to the share of those heirs. In the interpretation of mentioned article some of lawyers believe that with respect of generality of this article, the heir permission at the testator living time is non‌returnable but some of the other lawyers have said that heir's permission is returnable until testator death time and after death it doesn't need new permission and it isn't returnable. Manuscript profile
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        148 - A New Theory in the Method of Punishment for Women’s Exile
        mehdi movahedi hadiseh borhani
        The exile punishment is considered as one of the rulings of Islam’s penal system that is issued in terms of the guilty person’s gender and based on the interests and vices. According to the popular opinion, women are excluded in the cases of adultery and Qiadah, yet More
        The exile punishment is considered as one of the rulings of Islam’s penal system that is issued in terms of the guilty person’s gender and based on the interests and vices. According to the popular opinion, women are excluded in the cases of adultery and Qiadah, yet gender is not considered in the war-related exile. The present paper introduces a method of absolute issuance for women’s exile with a new look into the existing views and studying every related claim and a special regard for changing the subject considering the time requirements (e.g. new communication media becoming widespread, the increasing popularity of communications through cyberspace, road developments and facilities, and transportation, etc.) when choosing a method for administering the punishment (e.g. being deprived of mass media, audio-visual media, and participating in virtual social networks, etc.) i.e. assigning its administration method to the ruler. Although this analysis applies to men too, raising it on women’s exile is due to the fact that the justification of the act of opposing women’s exile is because of the possible vices that might arise from her being away from her town and country which will be inconsistent with her chastity and veil. Therefore, this justification pales into insignificance with the prescription of nonphysical exile instead of other methods and its generalization gains strength accordingly. Manuscript profile
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        149 - The Impact of Islamic Law Criteria on Determination of Nationality in the Commercial Companies
        alireza jafariyan Asghar Arabian Rabia Eskini
        10.22034/ijrj.2017.532741
        Company as a kind of legal persons contains lawful privileges of persons in law. Nationality is an important description and has notable impact in this ground. In spite of the different opinions for this subject certainly, companies have to have nationality of one count More
        Company as a kind of legal persons contains lawful privileges of persons in law. Nationality is an important description and has notable impact in this ground. In spite of the different opinions for this subject certainly, companies have to have nationality of one country. In International or national law, the nationality of the companies will be determined on the basis of some acceptable rules such as Ezterar and Nafye Sabil. Hence in this paper the authors explain the conditions of these rules and the determination of nationality in the commercial companies completely. Manuscript profile
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        150 - A Historical-Juridical Survey of Women’s Exile in accordance with Adultery Punishment Based on Feyz Kashani in his Mafatih Al-Shara'i'
        Abbas Taghvaei Hossein Saberi Hossein Naseri Moghadam
        10.22034/ijrj.2019.665194
        The analysis or criticism of any of the thousands of jurisprudence issues which have been noticed by scholars in the related fields is of great importance which determines the role and position of each of the experts and prominent Shiite scholars in the development of r More
        The analysis or criticism of any of the thousands of jurisprudence issues which have been noticed by scholars in the related fields is of great importance which determines the role and position of each of the experts and prominent Shiite scholars in the development of related basic subjects preparing the ground for proposing innovative issues in Islamic realms suitable for our modern time. Among these, the controversial issues are of more importance; therefore, we deal with one of them here, that is, the deportation of women due to adultery for which two viewpoints namely as the prominent (the opposing group) and the insignificant (the proponents of deportation) exist. In the current paper we are dealing with Imami Shi'a jurisprudence of historical trends with regard to this issue accompanied with the reasons of each of the above-mentioned groups especially Feyz Kashani&rsquo;s. This is due to the reason that he has a special position in criticizing famous viewpoints even the social ones. Manuscript profile
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        151 - Juridical and Legal Investigation of Losses Caused by Negative Inflation
        Farshid Rajabi Ali Akbar Izadifard Ali Akbar Jahani
        10.22034/ijrj.2019.665203
        Economic topics are consistently one of the most important and basic issues of any country. One of these issues is the negative inflation debate, which means reducing the general level of prices. Accordingly, once the economy of a country experiences negative inflation, More
        Economic topics are consistently one of the most important and basic issues of any country. One of these issues is the negative inflation debate, which means reducing the general level of prices. Accordingly, once the economy of a country experiences negative inflation, there will be considerable losses for the owner of goods and capital. Additionally, this negative inflation is followed by recession and closure of factories as well as production facilities. Moreover, one of the new-found phenomena and problems of the modern world is the insurance issue and insurer companies which are developed on the basis of damage compensation principle; however, these insurer companies do not insure damages caused by negative inflation. This study aimed to investigate the legitimacy basis of damage insurance due to negative inflation, for instance generalities and absolutes of evidence, relying of wises, rubbing of criterion and law articles such as article 190 of civil code and articles 1, 4, 28 and 29 of insurance law plus other principles and rules, in order to involve these losses in the insurance contracts format. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        152 - Glycation of nisin with glucose, Lactose and dextran and investigation of its inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium
        M. Hashempour Sadeghian N. Kazemipour S. Shekarforoush M. H. Eskandari
        Nisin is an antimicrobial peptide used in the food industry as a preservative. However, this peptide has no considerable effect on gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the effect of glycation on the antimicrobial activity of nisin was elucidated against Escherichia co More
        Nisin is an antimicrobial peptide used in the food industry as a preservative. However, this peptide has no considerable effect on gram-negative bacteria. In this study, the effect of glycation on the antimicrobial activity of nisin was elucidated against Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. A solution of nisin and fivefold concentration of glucose, lactose and dextran and solution of nisin without any sugar were prepared in phosphate buffer and were lyophilized. The lyophilized powder was exposed to 60&deg;C temperature and 70% humidity for 7 days. Every 24 hours, one sample was collected and dissolved in distilled. The equal molar concentration of native and conjugated nisin was made. Percentage of glycation was measured by OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde) method. MIC50 of nisin was assayed by microdilution method against E. coli and S. Ttyphimurium. The result of this study has revealed that the percentage of glycation is conversely related to the size of carbohydrates in which nisin-glucose had the highest and nisin-dextran had the least percentage of glycation. Glycation of nisin increased the MIC50 of nisin against E. coli after seven days. MIC50 of native nisin and glycated nisin had no difference against S. Typhimurium. From this study, it was concluded that conjugation of nisin with carbohydrates is not able to extend the antimicrobial activity of nisin to gram-negative bacteria. Manuscript profile
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        153 - Antimicrobial effect of essential oils: a systematic review
        احسان Sadeghi عبداله Dargahi احمد Mohammadi فاطمه Asadi سمیه Sahraee
        Regarding the harmful effects of chemical foods preservatives on human body, it is crucial to find out safe antimicrobials among essential oils and herbs. This study aimed to address the effects of different essential oils on various bacterial species through a systemat More
        Regarding the harmful effects of chemical foods preservatives on human body, it is crucial to find out safe antimicrobials among essential oils and herbs. This study aimed to address the effects of different essential oils on various bacterial species through a systematic review. A wide range of published papers in national and international data bases have been searched for the relevant articles. For this reason, the keywords used in searching were: "essential oils in food", "antimicrobial effect" and "vegetable oils". Among 462 retrieved articles, 76 papers were selected for further reviewing based on their title and abstracts. Based on results, the antimicrobial effects of different essential oils on pathogenic and spoilage organisms were compared. Moreover, the most effective as well as the least effective essential oils on microbial growth were identified. It was concluded that essential oils are more effective on gram positive bacteria rather than gram negatives. Besides, it was evident that some essential oils negatively affected the useful organisms such as lactobacilli.&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        154 - The Effectiveness of Stress Reducing Mindfulness Training on Students' Positive and Negative Educational Excitement
        Sara Moradi Mansour Bayrami Touraj Hashemi Somayeh Taklavi
        10.30495/jinev.2020.1901343.2198
        Based on previous studies, various factors affect the excitement of scholarship, which is the reduction of stress-based mindfulness education. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of stress-based mindfulness training on students' positive and negative More
        Based on previous studies, various factors affect the excitement of scholarship, which is the reduction of stress-based mindfulness education. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of stress-based mindfulness training on students' positive and negative emotional excitement. This research was an experimental study with pretest, posttest and follow up design with control group. All of the high school students in the first period of Urmia comprised a population of which 30 were selected by random cluster sampling and assigned to two experimental groups (15 subjects) and control (n = 15). The data were collected by the Peakan &amp; Associates Exercise Exercise Questionnaire (2005). The subjects in the experimental group received mindfulness training based on stress reduction during 8 sessions, but the control group did not receive any intervention. For analyzing the data, multivariate covariance analysis was used by SPSS software. Results showed that stress-based mindfulness training increased positive emotional excitement and reduced students' negative emotional excitement (P &lt;0.01). The effectiveness of stress-based mindfulness training on students' positive and negative academic excitement has continued in the follow-up phase. Therefore, teaching stress-based mindfulness mindfulness education is an effective method in students' positive and negative academic excitement Manuscript profile
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        155 - Structural Model of the Mediating Role of Negative Emotion in the Relationship Between Early Maladaptive Schemas with Adolescent Psychological Distress Experience
        sim abdzadeh Masoumeh Azemoudeh mohammadazad Abdullahpour sholeh livarjani
        10.30495/jinev.2021.1924267.2445
        The aim of this study was to determine the structural model of the effect of early maladaptive schemas on the experience of psychological distress through negative emotion regulation in adolescents. The present study was a descriptive-correlational study using structura More
        The aim of this study was to determine the structural model of the effect of early maladaptive schemas on the experience of psychological distress through negative emotion regulation in adolescents. The present study was a descriptive-correlational study using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all high school students in Miandoab city in the academic year 2019-2020 to the number of 4779 people. The statistical sample included 399 students who were selected using solving formula by stepwise cluster sampling. Data collection tools included the Young schema questionnaire, cognitive emotion regulation, and psychological distress scale. Data analysis was performed using Spss-26 and Amos-21. Data analysis showed that the direct paths of early maladaptive schemas to the regulation of negative emotion and psychological distress and the direct pathways of negative emotion regulation to psychological disturbance are statistically significant (p Manuscript profile
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        156 - Psychometric Properties of Parental Conditional Regard Scale in Students of Yazd City
        Khadije Abedini siavash talepasand Isaac rahimian boogar
        10.30495/jinev.2021.1936120.2537
        Conditional parental regard is an important and effective strategy in raising children. In this strategy, parents depend their love and regard on their children's behavior in such a way that in positive conditional regard, parents appreciate the child's behavior too muc More
        Conditional parental regard is an important and effective strategy in raising children. In this strategy, parents depend their love and regard on their children's behavior in such a way that in positive conditional regard, parents appreciate the child's behavior too much and in conditional regard Negatively deprive their children of attention and love. The aim of this study was to validate the mother conditional regard scale in students of Yazd city. The study population was all middle school students in Yazd city in the academic year of 1398-99. Participants were 321 male and female students who were selected by cluster random sampling. They all completed the Mother Conditional regard Scale and the Parental Exclusion and Acceptance Scale. Validity analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation of the total score question were performed to examine the psychometric properties of the mother conditional regard scale. Findings showed that the conditional regard scale is saturated with four factors: conditional and positive academic regard, conditional and negative academic regard, conditional and positive emotional regard, and conditional and negative emotional regard. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were desirable for all subscales and the whole scale in both sexes and all participants in terms of psychometrics, and the range of most correlations of the material set was desirable. The results of factor analysis indicated good data-model fit. In addition, the pattern of correlation coefficients between the subscales and the simultaneous validity of the questionnaire with the Exclusion and Parental Acceptance Scale showed good validity of this scale. As a result, the Persian version of the Maternal Conditional regard Questionnaire in the student community has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in psychological research Manuscript profile
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        157 - Causal Relationship Model of Emotional Self-Efficacy Components with Test Anxiety with the Mediating Role of Positive and Negative Affect in Male and Female Students
        Karim Sevari fatemeh farzadi Ahmad Moradi
        10.30495/jinev.2022.1955376.2692
        Test anxiety is one of the most interesting variables that affect all academic matters. The purpose of this research is to investigate the causal relationship model between the components of emotional self-efficacy and exam anxiety with the mediation of positive and neg More
        Test anxiety is one of the most interesting variables that affect all academic matters. The purpose of this research is to investigate the causal relationship model between the components of emotional self-efficacy and exam anxiety with the mediation of positive and negative affect among the students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and compare the model. There were two groups of boys and girls. The statistical population of all undergraduate students was studying in 2019-1400, and 300 students (190 girls and 110 boys) were selected as a sample from among them using a multi-stage random method. The tools used in this research were emotional self-efficacy (ESES) of Beverly et al. (2008), Test Anxiety questionnaire (FTA) of Friedman and Bandaz-Jacob (1997) and Positive-negative affect Scale of (PANAS) Watson et al. 1998). The evaluation of the proposed model was done using structural equation modeling. The results showed that emotional self-efficacy has a negative correlation with test anxiety and negative affect, but the correlation of emotional self-efficacy with negative affect was not significant. Also, the correlation of test anxiety with positive affect and dimensions of emotional self-efficacy (recognition, understanding, regulation and facilitation) was positive and significant. Indirect results showed that emotional self-efficacy is significant to test anxiety through positive and negative affect in the entire sample (boys and girls). But the indirect relationship of emotional self-efficacy with test anxiety through negative affect in male students was not significant. Also, the results of the analysis of the multi-group model showed that despite the fact that the path graphs of girls and boys are the same, there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of path coefficients. Manuscript profile
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        158 - Designing and Testing the Pattern of the Effect of Academic Self-Steem and Academic Emotions on Academic Performance by Considering the Mediating Role of Academic Motivation in Students
        Saeed Bakhtiarpoor Laheg Mehri Zahra Eftekharsoadi Rezvan Homaie
        10.30495/jinev.2020.673917
        The aim of this study was to design and test the pattern of the effect of academic self-steem and academic excellence on academic performance by considering the intermediate role academic motivation of students. In this descriptive-correlational study, all students of I More
        The aim of this study was to design and test the pattern of the effect of academic self-steem and academic excellence on academic performance by considering the intermediate role academic motivation of students. In this descriptive-correlational study, all students of Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz in the academic year 2018-19 constituted. From this population, 210 people were selected through multy-stage cluster sampling method. The proposed model was evaluated using a path analysis method.The results of this study showed that the direct relationships between academic self-steem whit academic performance (p&lt;0.01,=&beta;0.169); academic self-steem whit academic motivation (p&lt;0.05,=&beta;0.145); positive academic excellence whit academic motivation (p&lt;0.05,=&beta;-0.139), negative academic excellence whit academic performance (p&lt;0.01,=&beta;-0.462) negative academic excellence whit academic motivation (p&lt;0.01,=&beta;-0.413); &nbsp;academic &nbsp;motivation &nbsp;whit &nbsp;academic &nbsp;performance (p&lt;0.01,=&beta;-0.169) were significant. But the relationships positive academic excellence whit academic performance (p&gt;0.05,=&beta;-0.096) was not significant. Also, the indirect relationships self-steem whit academic performance considering the mediating role of academic motivation (p&lt;0.05,=&beta;0.002), positive academic excellence on academic performance considering the mediating role of academic motivation (p&lt;0.05,=&beta;0.002), and negative academic excellence on academic performance &nbsp;considering &nbsp;the &nbsp;mediating &nbsp;role &nbsp;of &nbsp;academic &nbsp;motivation (p&lt;0.05,=&beta;-0.002) were significant. The proposed model had an acceptable fitness to the result. Manuscript profile
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        159 - Effectiveness of Group Gestalt Therapy on Social Anxiety, Test Anxiety and Positive and Negative Affection of Female Students
        Fatemeh Mohammadi Maryam Hafezian
        This research was conducted based on purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of group gestalt therapy on social anxiety, test anxiety and positive and negative affection of female students. The research design was semi-experimental and pre-test and post-test with contro More
        This research was conducted based on purpose of evaluating the effectiveness of group gestalt therapy on social anxiety, test anxiety and positive and negative affection of female students. The research design was semi-experimental and pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study was all female undergraduate students of Sari Azad University in the academic year of 2015-2016. Of the total number of the target population, 50 people were willing to cooperate. Then, social anxiety scores, anxiety test, and the PANAS positive and negative affection scores were provided and pre-tested. Twenty students were selected using available sampling method (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). Then, interventional therapy (8 sessions of 90 minutes) was performed on the experimental group. After the end of the sessions, the students of both groups were subjected to post-test. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The findings showed that Gestalt therapy explains about 37% of variance in reducing social anxiety. Also, gestalt therapy explains about 67% of the variance in reducing test anxiety, and gestalt therapy has been led to increase in positive affection and reduction in negative affection. The results showed that group gestalt therapy has an effect on social anxiety, test anxiety and negative and positive affection. Manuscript profile
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        160 - Relationship Between Academic Stress, Educational Impulsivity and Negative Academic Self-Concept with Sense of Social Unconsciousness Based on the Mediation of Academic Frustration
        Farhad Shafiepour Motlagh Monire Torabi Nahad
        The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between academic stress, academic impulsivity and negative academic negativity with a sense of social unconsciousness based on educational frustration mediation. The research method was descriptive correlationa More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between academic stress, academic impulsivity and negative academic negativity with a sense of social unconsciousness based on educational frustration mediation. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population of this study includes all second grade high school students in Isfahan city in the academic year of 2016- 2017with 50707 people. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 382 people based on cochran's formula for random sampling. The research instrument consisted of five questionnaires including: Academic stress questionnaire, academic absence questionnaire, negative self-concept, social Identity questionnaire, and educational desperation questionnaire. Data were analyzed by pearson correlation, multiple stepwise regression analysis and structural equation modeling. Overall, the results showed that there was a significant relationship between academic stress, academic impulsivity and negative self-concept with social unconsciousness at P &lt;0.05. Academic stress, academic impulsivity and negative academic self-concept with a sense of social unconsciousness through educational and indirect frustration have a significant relationship with P&gt; 0.05. Manuscript profile
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        161 - The mediating role of goal orientation on the causal relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety
        somayeh hassa nia Raziyeh Sheykhol Eslami Mahin Pordel
        This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety of goal orientationwas through mediation. For this purpose, 320 students were selected from Shiraz high schools using multi-stage random sampling. three authentic questi More
        This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety of goal orientationwas through mediation. For this purpose, 320 students were selected from Shiraz high schools using multi-stage random sampling. three authentic questionnaires were used to collect data. These questionnaires included Perfectionism Inventory Hill et al (2004), Sarason Test Anxiety scale (1984) and Scale of achievement goals. Path analysis using structural equation modeling was implemented for data analysis. Findings showed that the model had a good fitness with the research&rsquo;s data. In this study, direct path positive perfectionism with dimension of thinking irrelevant was significant negatively. The direct path negative perfectionism to test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) was significant. And direct path positive perfectionism with mastery and performance goal orientation was significant. But the direct path negative perfectionism to mastery and performance goal orientation was not significant. Mastery goal orientation all aspects of test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) negatively predicted. But performance goal orientation did not predict any of the dimensions of test anxiety. positive perfectionism, indirectly, through mastery goal orientation with all aspects of test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) was significant. People with positive perfectionism to choose mastery goals, in stressful situations, such as test anxiety experience less anxiety. Manuscript profile
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        162 - The Effectiveness of Meta Cognitive Therapy in Meta Cognitive Beliefs Change and Body Image Concern (BICI) of Depressed Female High School Students
        Simin Simin GholamreZaei Mahdi Yousefvand Firouzeh Ghazanfari Ali Asghar Farokhzadian
        The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Meta Cognitive Therapy in the level change of negative and positive Meta Cognitive beliefs and body image concern (BICI) of depressed female high school students in Khorramabad. This research was quasi-experime More
        The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Meta Cognitive Therapy in the level change of negative and positive Meta Cognitive beliefs and body image concern (BICI) of depressed female high school students in Khorramabad. This research was quasi-experimental with pretest - posttest and control group. The sample consisted of 40 subjects with depression selected fromamong female high school students in Khorramabad, and randomly assigned to an experimental group (Meta Cognitive Therapy) and a control group. the experimental group in Intervention stage received 9 sessions of 2 hours of Meta Cognitive Therapy. During this period, the control group received no intervention. To collect the data, Body Image Scale (BII) of Fisher (1979), Beck Depression scale (1988) and metacognitive beliefs of Welles and katrait - Hutton (2004), in the pre-test and post-test for both experimental and control groups were used. The research data were analyzed using spss 21 software (SPSS.21) and conducting ANCOVA. The covariance analysis showed significant differences between the two groups. The results showed that Meta Cognitive Therapy in reducing body image concern (BICI) and negative beliefs as well as increasing positive beliefs is effective. Manuscript profile
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        163 - The Psychometric Properties and Standardization of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) Among Third Grade Female High School Student in Tehran
        Mozhgan Hassani Mohammad Ali Nadi
        The purpose of the present study was to standardize and study the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the scale of positive and Negative experience. 401 third grade students were multistage cluster randomly selected as sample of the study from high sch More
        The purpose of the present study was to standardize and study the psychometric properties (validity and reliability) of the scale of positive and Negative experience. 401 third grade students were multistage cluster randomly selected as sample of the study from high school in Tehran in the academic year 2015-16. The psychometric properties of the scale were assessed by Chronbachʼs Alpha, checking the construct and concurrent validities. The reliability of the scale using Chronbachʼs Alpha, Guttman, Spearman for positive feelings were 0.84, 0.70 and 0.80 and for Negative Feelings 0.78, 0.65 and 0.74 respectively. Also, the concurrent validity obtained by PANAS positive and Negative Feeling stale for positive and negative feelings were 0.87 and 0.83 respectively. The results of the factor analysis show that this scale holds two factors with suitable fit indexes. Therefore, the sale of positive and negative experience enjoys a desirable validity and reliability and can be used as a suitable diagnostic instrument Manuscript profile
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        164 - بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیرات مثبت و منفی آن بر روی رفتار اجتماعی و روانی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
        مهرداد نوابخش شایان رحمانی
        موضوع تحقیق حاضر، به بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر روی رفتار اجتماعی، روابط اجتماعی و حالات روانشناختی دربین دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد معطوف است. همچنین در این تحقیق به عوامل مؤثر برمیزان استفاده از اینترنت از سوی دانشجویان More
        موضوع تحقیق حاضر، به بررسی میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت و تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر روی رفتار اجتماعی، روابط اجتماعی و حالات روانشناختی دربین دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد معطوف است. همچنین در این تحقیق به عوامل مؤثر برمیزان استفاده از اینترنت از سوی دانشجویان نیز توجه شده است و از آنها در مورد پیامد های مثبت و منفی استفاده از اینترنت سؤال شده است . فرضیات اصلی تحقیق به ارتباط میان جنسیت، سن، مقطع تحصیلی و موافقت خانواده با میزان و نوع استفاده از اینترنت وهمچنین به تأثیر میزان استفاده از اینترنت بر رفتارهای اجتماعی و روانی مانند: افزایش یا کاهش روابط اجتماعی، وابستگی و اعتیاد به اینترنت، انزوا و افسردگی، عصبانیت و پرخاشگری، بی توجهی به خانواده و دوستان، خلل در انجام کارهای روزانه و افزایش اطلاعات و آگاهی های علمی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، سیاسی، فرهنگی و ورزشی برمی گردد. تحقیق حاضر از نوع پیمایشی می‌باشد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را تمامی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد که مشغول به تحصیل می باشند ، تشکیل می‌دهند. با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده مبتنی بر دو طبقه دختر و پسر و براساس فرمول کوکران تعداد 378 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه مکفی به دست آمد که برای اعتبار بیشتر داده ها از 400 نفر از دانشجویان ( 200 دختر و 200 پسر ) پرسشگری و مصاحبه به عمل آمد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بین تحصیلات، سن، میزان موافقت والدین در استفاده از اینترنت، میزان ترس و اضطراب در برقراری ارتباط با متغیر وابسته رابطه و همبستگی معناداری وجود دارد. استفاده از اینترنت باعث کاهش ارتباطات اجتماعی شده و میزان آگاهی‌های تحصیلی، علمی و اجتماعی را در افراد افزایش می‌دهد. Manuscript profile
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        165 - Prediction of the Peak Ground Acceleration for Zagros Earthquakes Using ANFIS and Data Partitioning Approach
        seyyed Mohamadreza tabatabaei Roohollah kimiaefar Alireza Hajian Alireza Akbari
        In this research, the prediction of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) is investigated through training the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) network using data partitioned into inlier and outlier groups. The partitioning procedure is based on an automated metho More
        In this research, the prediction of Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) is investigated through training the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) network using data partitioned into inlier and outlier groups. The partitioning procedure is based on an automated method which uses K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) search and Local Linear Model Tree (LOLIMOT) methods. The mentioned proved to enhance the prediction procedure at least 36 percent with respect to normal training mode with no data partitioning. Hereafter, a PGA catalogue reported by the Iranian ground acceleration network with 1571 records was used and the trained network was used for predicting the PGA map around the Mormori, 2014 earthquake epicenter. We used spatial information of the epicenter and the site, earthquake magnitude, Vs30, depth of the hypocenters and the epicentral distance foe the sites. The resulted map adapts well to the official report of the mentioned earthquake for the PGA analysis published by the International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES). Finally, it is concluded that using machine learning algorithms could be beneficial in the cases where adequate data-sets are not provided by the seismological networks specifically in the concept of the strong ground motion analysis. Manuscript profile
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        166 - The effects of the Mughal invasion on Sufism
        Zekrallah mohamadi Nasrollah pour mohammadi amlashi Mohsen soltani
        Mongol invasion of Iran by insecurity, destroying most of the infrastructure ofcivilization and vacuum left by the fall of the Caliphate was, Sufism reference notonly to escape social pressures Commons promoted A place of refuge areas beyondthe reach of the cultural eli More
        Mongol invasion of Iran by insecurity, destroying most of the infrastructure ofcivilization and vacuum left by the fall of the Caliphate was, Sufism reference notonly to escape social pressures Commons promoted A place of refuge areas beyondthe reach of the cultural elit Due to the characteristics of the elders in simplicity,and trust to give general guidanceComply with the law and without burdening thegovernment, the people and government of Sufism was twofold Legitimize thepower structure and social pain relief. The devotion of Governors, and localleaders to Sufism, found in the construction and development of the financialmonasteries. Despite the positive effects of this influx Brtsvf inflict severe damage.Resulting in the displacement and killing of a group of Sufis were It also favorsthe idea of some mystical determinism and rely on God more than ever overcome.And development of folk mysticism leads to banality, the mediocrity and declinein the next century. Manuscript profile
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        167 - The study of female's role and position in the proverbs of Marvdasht
        Meysam Zare
        10.30495/irll.2019.665353
        Proverbs are a main part of the folklore in the literature and they have their root in beliefs and faiths of every nation or even a local area. In fact, proverbs are the reflection of the society's culture. This research tries to study and analyze the role of female in More
        Proverbs are a main part of the folklore in the literature and they have their root in beliefs and faiths of every nation or even a local area. In fact, proverbs are the reflection of the society's culture. This research tries to study and analyze the role of female in the used proverbs of Marvdasht by a Feminist Liberalist Approach. The research involves collecting fieldwork data from the participants, interviewing with native speakers older than 40 and then the collected data are categorized and analyzed. Females have a negative role and position in the most of the proverbs and there is a negative viewpoint to the Women. Whenever the aim was to talk about the imponderability and hypocrisy, they pointed to the Women even if the addressee was a Man. The positive outlook to the Woman was merely observed when she was at home as a housewife and played her maternal role and preserved her husband`s money economically. These are the proofs of patriarchy in the Marvdasht society which are accepted and internalized by the Women. Manuscript profile
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        168 - An Analysis of Tourists’ Behavior of Delay in Service Delivery (A Case Study of Parsian Hotel in Kermanshah)
        Maryam Beigpour Tanha kamran yeganegi
        The purpose of this study is to examine the customer behavior affected by service delays. Nine hypotheses were tested in this study. The method of this research is descriptive-survey in terms of variables and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of th More
        The purpose of this study is to examine the customer behavior affected by service delays. Nine hypotheses were tested in this study. The method of this research is descriptive-survey in terms of variables and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research was targeted in Parsian Hotel in Kermanshah. The sampling method in this study was simple random based on which 384 people were selected as a sample through Cochran's formula for data collection. In this study, a questionnaire was used as a research tool, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. The confirmatory factor analysis was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses using Amos structural equation software version 22. According to the research results, service delays have a positive effect on customers' anger and insecurity and a negative effect on their acceptability. Anger and insecurity also have a negative effect on the desire to buy and a negative effect on word of mouth marketing. In the end, acceptability also has a positive effect on the willingness to buy but a negative effect on the willingness to spread word of mouth. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        169 - مطالعۀ ترجمه‌های فارسی قرآن از حیث صحت ترجمۀ لای نفی جنس
        زهره اخوان مقدم مجید نبوی
        Manuscript profile
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        170 - The Relationship between Attachment Styles, Fear of Negative Evaluation and Internet Addiction in College Students
        Nazli Tavakoli Farhad Jamhari Noor Ali Farrokhi
        Addiction to internet as one of the phenomena of the modern era includes cognitive, excitatory and behavioral aspects. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the attachment styles, fear of negative evaluation and internet addiction in college st More
        Addiction to internet as one of the phenomena of the modern era includes cognitive, excitatory and behavioral aspects. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the attachment styles, fear of negative evaluation and internet addiction in college students. The method of the study was correlational. The population included all the M.A. and Ph.D. students studying at the faculty of human and social sciences, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran in 2013. 161 students were selected as the final sample, who filled the Internet Addiction questionnaire, the Adult Attachment Inventory and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis tests. The findings indicated that avoidant insecure attachment styles (r=0.264), anxiety insecure (r=0.300) and fear of negative evaluation (r=0.174) were significantly correlated with internet addiction, whereas the secure attachment style was not significantly correlated with internet addiction. In addition, regression analysis results revealed that avoidant insecure attachment styles and anxiety insecure (R2=0.130) and fear of negative evaluation (R2=0.030) had significant contribution in predicting the students' addiction to internet. Therefore, to prevent internet addiction, it is necessary to consider the role of psychological factors such as insecure attachment styles and fear of negative evaluation. Manuscript profile
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        171 - Investigate the Relationship between the Components of Social Anxiety and Students' Enthusiasm toward Computers
        Syedeh Khadijeh Moafimadani Majid Kakvan
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of social anxiety and students' enthusiasm toward computers. The research method was descriptive-correlational type and was applied in terms of purpose and carried out by field method. More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of social anxiety and students' enthusiasm toward computers. The research method was descriptive-correlational type and was applied in terms of purpose and carried out by field method. The statistical population of the study was 2780 students of Islamic Azad University, Ramsar Branch. The sample size was determined as 338 people based on the Krejcie and Morgan table according to the size of the population. Subjects were selected randomly by stratified sampling method based on gender. To collect the data of the research, the Heinssen et al. questionnaire of enthusiasm toward computers and the Watson &amp; Friend social anxiety questionnaire were used. The reliability of the two questionnaires was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method and was confirmed by alpha coefficient of 0.78 and 0.80, respectively. Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the research hypothesis using SPSS software. The findings of this research showed that there was a significant relationship between social anxiety components and students&rsquo; enthusiasm toward computers (r = 0.58, P = 0.000) at 95% probability level. Also, both components of social anxiety (social avoidance and distress, and fear of negative evaluation) explained 33.6% of the variance of students' enthusiasm toward computers (R2 = 0.336). Manuscript profile
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        172 - بررسی عصاره آبی و اتانولی زرشک معمولی بر باکتری های گرم منفی مقاوم به چند آنتی بیوتیک (MDR)
        زهرا عطائی کچوئی سیما یحیی آبادی منیر دودی
        مقدمه و هدف:در سال های اخیر بدلیل مصرف بی رویه غیر منطقی داروهای مصنوعی میزان مقاومت دارویی &nbsp;میکروارگانیسم های بیماری زا در حال افزایش است و نیاز به ترکیبات جدید می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر عصاره آبی و اتانولی میوه زرشک معمولی بر روی هفت گونه باکتری بیماری More
        مقدمه و هدف:در سال های اخیر بدلیل مصرف بی رویه غیر منطقی داروهای مصنوعی میزان مقاومت دارویی &nbsp;میکروارگانیسم های بیماری زا در حال افزایش است و نیاز به ترکیبات جدید می باشد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر عصاره آبی و اتانولی میوه زرشک معمولی بر روی هفت گونه باکتری بیماری زای گرم منفی مقاوم به چند داروی شایع در محیط آزمایشگاه بود.این مطالعه بر روی 100 نمونه از سویه های باکتریایی اشریشیا کلای، کلبسیلا پنومونیه،, پروتئوس میرابیلیس، سیتروباکتر فروندی، انتروباکتر آئروژنز،&nbsp;سودوموناس آئروژینوزاو اسینتوباکتر بومانی که همگی مقاوم به چند دارو (MDR) بوده و از آزمایشگاه تشخیص طبی وحید زرین شهر و بیمارستان های شریعتی،صدوقی و غرضی شهر اصفهان جداسازی شده بودند و هم چنین بر روی سویه های استاندارد این باکتری ها تهیه شده از سازمان پژوهش های علمی و صنعتی ایران انجام گرفت. روش تحقیق:میوه زرشک معمولی از مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان تهیه گردید. عصاره آبی و اتانولی&nbsp; به روش خیساندن تهیه گردید. بعد از تعیین هویت باکتری ها، مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی آن ها با روش انتشار دیسک تعیین گردید. بررسی اثر ضد باکتریایی عصاره&nbsp; آبی و اتانولی میوه زرشک معمولی بر روی رشد باکتری های مقاوم به چند دارو با روش انتشار چاهک در چهار غلظت 50 100 400و800 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر بررسی شد. هم چنین حداقل غلظت مهار کنندگی و حداقل غلظت کشندگی این عصاره ها روی باکتری ها به روش ماکرو دایلوشن صورت گرفت. داده های جمع آوری شده با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS و آزمون&nbsp; آماری&nbsp; کراسکال والیس و من ویتنی &nbsp;تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج و بحث:در وش انتشار چاهک عصاره اتانولی و آبی میوه زرشک معمولی اثر مهارکنندگی قابل ملاحظه ای بر روی رشد ایزوله ها نشان داد. همچنین عصاره اتانولی و آبی میوه زرشک معمولی اثر مهارکنندگی بر روی سویه های استاندارد &nbsp;این باکتری ها داشت.نتایج نشان دهنده ی اثر بسیار عالی عصاره اتانولی زرشک &nbsp;در غلظت 800 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر بر تمام سویه های باکتریایی بود. قابل قبول ترین غلظت مهارکنندگی رشد و حداقل غلظت کشندگی عصاره آبی و اتانولی میوه زرشک برای باکتری ها به ترتیب 50 و 100 میلی گرم بر میلی لیتر گزارش شد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی:نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که عصاره آبی و اتانولی میوه زرشک معمولی&nbsp; بر روی باکتری های مقاوم چند دارو(MDR) اثر ضد باکتریایی دارد و استفاده از آن به عنوان جایگزین آنتی بیوتیک پس از بررسی های بیشتر جهت درمان توصیه می شود. Manuscript profile
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        173 - ارزیابی کارایی واحدهای تصمیم گیری در حضور فاکتورهای منفی و نامطلوب
        مهناز مقبولی مهدی عینی فرهاد طاهر
        تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) یک تکنیک برای ارزیابی واحدهای تصمیم گیری(DMUs) با چندین ورودی و خروجی است. اما یکی از نقص‌های مدل‌های کلاسیک DEAاین است که در همه‌ی آن‌ها فرض نامنفی و مطلوب بودن برای فاکتورها در نظر گرفته می شود، در حالی که در مسائل واقعی ورودی‌ها و خروجی‌های More
        تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) یک تکنیک برای ارزیابی واحدهای تصمیم گیری(DMUs) با چندین ورودی و خروجی است. اما یکی از نقص‌های مدل‌های کلاسیک DEAاین است که در همه‌ی آن‌ها فرض نامنفی و مطلوب بودن برای فاکتورها در نظر گرفته می شود، در حالی که در مسائل واقعی ورودی‌ها و خروجی‌های منفی و نامطلوب نیز وجود دارد. لذا مدل‌های استاندارد DEA، اندازه ی کارایی DMUs را به درستی منعکس نمی کنند. در این مقاله با ارائه مدلی کارایی واحدها در حضور فاکتورهای منفی و نامطلوب مورد ارزیابی قرار می گیرد که با یک مثال کاربردی روش پیشنهادی مورد بحث و بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. Manuscript profile
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        174 - ارزیابی کارایی مدل جمعی کراندار در سیستم های تولید دومرحله ای با داده های منفی
        حمیدرضا بابائی اصیل رضا کاظمی متین محسن خون سیاوش زهره مقدس
        تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) روشی برای اندازگیری کارایی واحدهای تصمیم گیری (DMU) ها است. در مدل‌های تحلیل پوششی داده های سنتی به اختلافات احتمالی بین دو مرحله ناشی از اقدامات میانی اشاره نمی کنند. به همین جهتاین مدل ها برای بررسی کارایی فرآیندهای دو مرحله ای که همه خروجی ه More
        تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) روشی برای اندازگیری کارایی واحدهای تصمیم گیری (DMU) ها است. در مدل‌های تحلیل پوششی داده های سنتی به اختلافات احتمالی بین دو مرحله ناشی از اقدامات میانی اشاره نمی کنند. به همین جهتاین مدل ها برای بررسی کارایی فرآیندهای دو مرحله ای که همه خروجی های مرحله اول اقدامات میانی هستند که ورودی های مرحله دوم را تشکیل می دهند، گسترش یافته است. در دنیای واقعی داده های مربوط به سیستم های تولید دومرحله ای میتوانند مقادیر منفی نیز داشته باشند. با توجه به اهمیت ارزیابی واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده ی دو مرحله ای، در این مقاله ارزیابی این سیستم های تولید با فرض وجود داده های منفی مورد توجه قرار گرفته اند. همچنین در این مقاله رویکرد جدیدی از ارزیابی کارایی توسط مدل جمعی کراندار دومرحله ای با استفاده از داده های منفی ارائه شده است. درادامه با استفاده از مثال عددی وکاربردی به ارزیابی کارایی و رتبه بندی 36 شرکت هواپیمایی پرداخته می شود. Manuscript profile
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        175 - ارتقاء واحدهای ناکارا (با داده های منفی) در جهت وزن های مشترک در تحلیل پوششی داده ها
        حسین عباسیان
        هدف اصلی این مقاله، ارتقا و بهبود واحد های ناکارا به وسیله ی وزنهای مشترک به دست آمده از همه ی واحدهای مورد مطالعه می باشد. در واقع وزن های مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که شامل داده های منفی است را به وسیله حل یک مدل برنامه ریزی خطی به دست می آوریم و بردار وزن ها را به عنو More
        هدف اصلی این مقاله، ارتقا و بهبود واحد های ناکارا به وسیله ی وزنهای مشترک به دست آمده از همه ی واحدهای مورد مطالعه می باشد. در واقع وزن های مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که شامل داده های منفی است را به وسیله حل یک مدل برنامه ریزی خطی به دست می آوریم و بردار وزن ها را به عنوان جهتی در نظر می گیریم که واحدهای ناکارا در آن مسیر ارتقا می یابند. روش شناسی این تحقیق به این صورت است که، مدل شعاعی نیمه ماهیتی را مد نظر قرار دهیم و می خواهیم از دوال این مدل برای یافتن وزنهای مشترک ورودیها و خروجیهایی که برخی از آنها منفی هستند، استفاده کنیم. برای این منظور یک مسأله چندهدفه ی تولید وزنهای مشترک ارائه می دهیم و برنامه ریزی آرمانی را برای حل آن بکار می بریم که این منجر به تولید یک مسأله ی غیرخطی می شود که برای این مسأله ی خاص، توسط یک روش خطی سازی، آنرا به یک مسأله ی برنامه ریزی خطی تبدیل می کنیم. چون شرط لازم و کافی برای کرانداری مدل شعاعی نیمه ماهیتی در ماهیت ورودی (خروجی) این است که یک ورودی (خروجی) با حداقل یک مقدار مثبت موجود باشد، پس ما این شرط را در اینجا رعایت می کنیم. سرانجام روشمان را با ذکر یک مثال، بیشتر توضیح می دهیم و نکته قابل توجه در روش ارتقا دادن در تحقیق حاضر این است که داده ای منفی به صورت داده ای منفی ارتقا و بهبود می یابد. Manuscript profile
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        176 - کارایی بنگاه‌های اقتصادی در حضور فاکتورهای نامطلوب و منفی با داده‌های بازه‌ای
        MAHNAZ MAGHBOULI مهدی عینی فرهاد طاهر FATEMEH GHOMANJANI
        تحلیل پوششی داده&lrm;‌‌ها روشی برای سنجش عملکرد گروهی از واحدهای تصمیم‌گیری است، که ورودی‌های همگن متعدد را برای تولید خروجی‌های متعدد همگن استفاده می‌کنند. تاکنون مدل‌های فراوانی از تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها با داده‌های بازه‌ای و ورودی و خروجی خاص ارائه شده است. ورودی و خروج More
        تحلیل پوششی داده&lrm;‌‌ها روشی برای سنجش عملکرد گروهی از واحدهای تصمیم‌گیری است، که ورودی‌های همگن متعدد را برای تولید خروجی‌های متعدد همگن استفاده می‌کنند. تاکنون مدل‌های فراوانی از تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها با داده‌های بازه‌ای و ورودی و خروجی خاص ارائه شده است. ورودی و خروجی‌های هر واحد تصمیم‌ گیری در مدل‌های تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها فرض اصلی بر مثبت بودن داده‌ها می‌باشد، این در حالی است که در دنیای واقعی و در فرآیند تولید، ممکن است داده‌های منفی و حتی نامطلوب وجود داشته باشد. وجود این نوع از داده‌ها با تعاریف کلاسیک تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها سازگاری ندارد. با توجه به اهمیت توجه به این نوع از داده‌ها در این مقاله با ارائه مدلی جدید کارایی واحدهای تصمیم گیری که همزمان دارای ورودی و خروجی منفی، مطلوب و نامطلوب است به صورت داده‌های بازه‌ای پیشنهاد شده است. هدف از این تحقیق ارائه مدل جدید و ارزیابی عملکرد واحدهای تصمیم گیری با داده‌های مذکور است. برای توضیح بیشتر، به عنوان مثال کاربردی از داده‌های بانک خصوصی کشور ایران استفاده شده است Manuscript profile
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        177 - Effect of Metabolic Stress on Ovarian Activity and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cattle: A Review
        م. فرمان س. ناندی و. گریش کومار س.ک. تریپاسی پ.س.پ. گوپتا
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        178 - Investigation and sensitivity analysis of indicators affecting the dynamic pressure of GRP pipes in water supply designs (Case study: Songhar water supply plan)
        Mohammadamin Gandomi sara Amirzadeh Roozbeh Aghamajidi Nooredin Bazgir
        Unsteady currents in pipes can occur in various forms, one of which is the unsteady current of damping, which is called Surge shock.These currents are in the form of pressure waves and if not controlled in some way, can cause irreparable damage to the pipeline. In the p More
        Unsteady currents in pipes can occur in various forms, one of which is the unsteady current of damping, which is called Surge shock.These currents are in the form of pressure waves and if not controlled in some way, can cause irreparable damage to the pipeline. In the present study, the ram phenomenon was introduced and the effects of different parameters, pipe thickness and diameter, different flow velocities on the dynamic loads due to the occurrence of ram impact were investigated.Finally, it was observed that under the same conditions, the effect of pipe material is 25% effective in reducing the maximum impact. The maximum impact increase is about 1% due to a very small increase in pipe thickness. Doubling the moment of inertia reduces the maximum impact pressure by about 42%, which has been investigated using Water Hammer software. Manuscript profile
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        179 - .
        mohammad ranjbar khorram makani mehdi famoori jalil nazari
        10.30495/noskheh.2020.678259
        .
        . Manuscript profile
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        180 - اخلاق: ویژگی پنجم سبک شناسی تکوینی بیدل دهلوی
        محمدخلیل طالبان پور اصغر دادبه
        Manuscript profile
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        181 - تثبیت نانوذره‌های نقره بر نانوچندسازه‌های بسپاری مگنتیت-کیتوسان و بررسی ویژگی ضد میکروبی آن‌ها
        زهره زرنگار جواد صفری زهره زهرایی
        Manuscript profile
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        182 - The Impact of Negative Income Taxes on Poverty and Inequality in Iran
        Farhad Khodadadkashi Yeghaneh Mousavi Jahromi Hasan Aama Bandoghraee
        In this article, we try to examine how to eliminate poverty and inequality throughthe negative income tax system. In this study, the rate of poverty and inequality iscalculated through Kakwani poverty indicators and Gini coefficient inequality index,respectively. Negati More
        In this article, we try to examine how to eliminate poverty and inequality throughthe negative income tax system. In this study, the rate of poverty and inequality iscalculated through Kakwani poverty indicators and Gini coefficient inequality index,respectively. Negative income tax rate (0.5) for the income distance to the povertyline, is considered and the statistical sample of the study includes the cost andincome of 12961 urban households in Iran in 2018. The results of this study showthat the plan to impose a negative income tax (0.5) will reduce the povertycalculated based on the Kakovani index from 0.54 to 0.24 which shows a decreaseof about 0.55%. The Gini coefficient decreases from 0.38 before the policy to 0.17,which means a 55% reduction in inequality. On the other hand, to completelyeradicate poverty in Iran, according to the data of 2018, there must impose anincreased tax rate of 60% on the income surplus of non-poor people up to thepoverty line. Manuscript profile
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        183 - Legitimate trade from the perspective of Islamic law
        Maryam Ebn Torab
        The issue of economics and earning money is one of the most important issues in the world today, as it is one of the most powerful weapons in the Cold War. Although trade has been common among human beings since ancient times, but at any time, based on how the relations More
        The issue of economics and earning money is one of the most important issues in the world today, as it is one of the most powerful weapons in the Cold War. Although trade has been common among human beings since ancient times, but at any time, based on how the relations between people in society and progress in various scientific fields, has taken on a new face. For example, e-commerce is a new form of it in today's society. One of the issues in Islamic societies is the adaptation of day-to-day business practices to the rules of the holy sharia of Islam, and the answer to the question: Is it lawful to earn money in emerging ways? The present study aims to express the characteristics of legitimate business, in order to distinguish legitimate businesses from others. Examining the jurisprudential and legal books, these results were obtained: First, it respects private property according to the rule of Islamic domination, and every owner has the right to seize his property, except in cases where it has been prohibited for a reason. Another is that the purpose of the legal teachings of Islam about trade is not to express a specific type of trade and income among Muslims, but the characteristics of legitimacy are mentioned as conditions for the parties to the contract and the contract, to avoid possible differences and losses. The Islamic community should be prevented, so indefinite contracts have also been accepted. Also, the permissible conditions that the parties to the contract want. On the other hand, adherence to obligations and contracts is an inalienable principle of Islamic law, and contracts can be terminated only in special circumstances and based on the wishes of the parties or based on the protection of individual and social interests. Manuscript profile
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        184 - Philosophical and Theological Debates in the PersianbbLiterary Texts (Kashfo-al- Mahjoob & Masnavi)
        محمدعلی خالدیان
        &nbsp; There is a hot debate between Mutazila and Asharites about &ldquo;concomitance of being (wujud) and object (sheii)&rdquo; in Islamic theology (kalām). Mutazila believes that object is a more universal concept than being and that any existent being can be an obje More
        &nbsp; There is a hot debate between Mutazila and Asharites about &ldquo;concomitance of being (wujud) and object (sheii)&rdquo; in Islamic theology (kalām). Mutazila believes that object is a more universal concept than being and that any existent being can be an object but not any object can be an existent being. Asharites, on the other hand, believe that being and object are synonymous concepts. Hajviri (in Kashfo-al- Mahjoob) and Mulavi&rsquo;s (in Masnavi) points of view are the subject of the present article. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        185 - Negative Manifestations of Anima in Literature and Myths
        Asgar Salāhi Jafar Eshqī
        According to the theory of Carl Gustav Jung, every man has an eternal image of woman in his unconscious that, in his psychological heritage, is sediment of all his experiences about woman in all ages. Jung calls this image anima. Learning about symbolic type is the only More
        According to the theory of Carl Gustav Jung, every man has an eternal image of woman in his unconscious that, in his psychological heritage, is sediment of all his experiences about woman in all ages. Jung calls this image anima. Learning about symbolic type is the only way to understand the archetype, for the archetype of anima is revealed in human conscious in a symbolic way. With decreasing level of consciousness, anima, as a universal symbol and like other archetypes, enters conscious by dreams, imaginative inventions, myths, literature then it is revealed. Literary texts are full of archetypal images and anima. &lsquo;Murder of lovers&rsquo;, &lsquo;sensual imaginations&rsquo;, &lsquo;sensitivity of men&rsquo; as three negative manifestations of anima in Jung&rsquo;s theory have been presented in Iranian cultural elements like literature and myths. The present article tries to analyze these manifestations by using analytic-descriptive method and library sources. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        186 - Explaining the parents coping styles with children negative emotions (CCNE) based on the characteristics temperament and character, considering the mediating role of emotion regulation among parents with autistic children
        Fereshte Babaei Mehdi Tavallaei alireza sharifi ardani Rayyan Rajabi
        The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating role of life management strategies in the relationship between generativity-stagnation with subjective well-being in the middle age period. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of the More
        The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating role of life management strategies in the relationship between generativity-stagnation with subjective well-being in the middle age period. The research method was correlation and the statistical population of the research consisted of all middle-aged citizens of Kermanshah 200 individuals (127 men and 73 women) were selected by voluntary sampling method and responded to four instruments of subjective well-being (Keyes, Shmotkin & Ryff, 2002), Loyola generativity scale) McAdams & de St Aubin, 1992), stagnation scale (Bradley,1997), life management Strate- gies scale (Baltes et al.,1999). For data analysis, we used path analysis. The results showed that generativity has a direct relationship with life management strategies stagnation has an opposite relationship with life management strategies and life management strat- egies have a direct effect on subjective well-being. Also, the results showed that life management strategies can act as a mediator in the relationship between generativity- stagnation and subjective well-being. As a result, considering the importance of subjective well-being in the middle-aged, psychologists can take a step towards increasing the quality of this period by relying on the two variables of generativist- stagnation, and life management strategies and trying to improve and modify them in the middle-aged and performing interventions and treatments in the society. Manuscript profile
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        187 - An Investigation of the Relationship Between Perfectionism and Self - Esteem in Pre-College Students
        Mohammad Ali Besharat
        This study examines the relationship between perfectionism and self- esteem in a group of pre-college students. An equal number of male and female participants (180 boys and girls) were asked to complete the Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale More
        This study examines the relationship between perfectionism and self- esteem in a group of pre-college students. An equal number of male and female participants (180 boys and girls) were asked to complete the Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (FPANPS) and the CooperSmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Results revealed that positive perfectionism and self-esteem were positively correlated whereas the correlation between negative perfectionism and self-esteem was found to be negative. It is concluded here that positive perfectionism increases the level of selfesteem through the enhancement of self competence and self-acceptance whereas negative perfectionism decreases the level of self-esteem through reducing self-competence and self-acceptance, as well as developing or intensifying psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety and personality or interpersonal problems Manuscript profile
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        188 - Rejection and organization justice
        Mahin Tavakoli Warren Thorngate
        Content analysis of semi-structured       adults about losing an important organizational competition examined how three types of social justice : procedural, distributive, and interactional, affect the experience of rejection. All participants reacted More
        Content analysis of semi-structured       adults about losing an important organizational competition examined how three types of social justice : procedural, distributive, and interactional, affect the experience of rejection. All participants reacted to losing with feeling of sandness, anger, frustration, and a tendency to criticize the decision &ndash;       participants also withdrew from subsequent competitions. These negative feelings motivated all respondents engage in social comparison with the winner, and use the comparison to judge whether the decision &ndash; making process was fair. Social comparisons that led to a judgment of being unfairly treated, or that showed the winner to be less qualified, intensified the respondents&rsquo; negative feelings towards the judges and retarded recovery from negative feeling and thoughts associated with the rejection or loss. To cope with these negative feelings, participants adopted various psychological and behavior strategies such as finding meaning or benefit in the rejection or loss, and trying other competitions. Persistent negative feelings were related to receiving impolite, disrespectful, or insufficient feedback about competition results. Managerial implications are discussed. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        189 - Effect of Resilience Education on Cognitive Appraisals, Coping and Emotions
        Somayeh Mohebi Omid Shokri Hosein Pourshahriar
        The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of resilience education program on girl students &lsquo;cognitive appraisals, proactive coping and positive and negative emotional experiences. In this true-experimental study with pretest-posttest control-group More
        The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of resilience education program on girl students &lsquo;cognitive appraisals, proactive coping and positive and negative emotional experiences. In this true-experimental study with pretest-posttest control-group design in company with follow up stage, 32 girl students aged 12 year olds in experimental and control groups responded to the Stress Appraisal Measure-Revised (Rowley, Roesch, Jurica &amp; Vaughn, 2005), the Proactive Coping Inventory (Greenglass, Schwarzer, Jakubiec, Fiksenbaum &amp; Taubert, 1999) and the Modified Differential Emotions Scale (Fredrickson, Tugade, Waugh &amp; Larkin, 2003). The experimental group received 10 resilience training sessions (1 hours a session). The results statistical procedures of multivariate and univariate covariance analysis indicated that resilience education program was effective in increasing challenging and resource appraisals, proactive coping strategy and positive emotions and in decreasing threat appraisal and negative emotions in short term and long term. These findings suggest that resilience training program by increasing positive thinking strategies, adaptive emotional management skills and interpersonal relationships skills enrichment could result in mental immunization in students. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        190 - The Role of Achievement Goals in Prediction of Achievement Emotions: Validation of Pekrun’s Theory
        Maryam Bordbar Farideh Yousefi
        The aim of the study was to investigate the role achievement goals play in positive and negative achievement emotions among university students. One hundred and sixty one students were selected (95 females, 66 males) from Shiraz University using the multi-stage cluster More
        The aim of the study was to investigate the role achievement goals play in positive and negative achievement emotions among university students. One hundred and sixty one students were selected (95 females, 66 males) from Shiraz University using the multi-stage cluster random sampling. The participants completed the Aachievement Goals Questionnaire (Elliot &amp; McGregor, 2001) and the Achievement emotions Questionnaire (Pekrun, Goetz, Titz &amp; Perry, 2002). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that mastery/approach goal positively and significantly predicted enjoyment, hope and pride, and negatively and significantly predicted boredom, anxiety and shame. Mastery/avoidance goal was positive and significant predictor of shame, and performance/avoidance goal was positive and significant predictor of shame, anxiety and boredom. The findings suggested that achievement goals play effective role in students&rsquo; emotional experiences across achievement settings. &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        191 - perfectionism and physical health:the mediatig effects of positive and negative affects
        Mohammad Ali Beshara Ali Asgari Seyyedeh Zahra Alibakhshi Ali A. Movahedinasab
        The mediating effects of positive and negative affects on the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism (self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed) with physical health in a sample of general population were studied. One hundred and thirty one women More
        The mediating effects of positive and negative affects on the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism (self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed) with physical health in a sample of general population were studied. One hundred and thirty one women and 103 men volunteered for this study. Participants were asked to complete the Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2007), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clarke, &amp; Tellegen, 1988), and the Physical Health Inventory (Molnar, Reker, Culp, Sadava, &amp; DcCourville, 2006). Positive and negative affects mediated the relationship between self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism with physical health in opposite directions. Positive and negative affects did not show a significant mediation effect on the relationship between so- cially prescribed perfectionism and physical health. It was concluded that the mediation effect of negative affects (R2 = 0.56) was greater than the mediation effect of positive affects (R2 =0.44) in the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and physical health. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        192 - The Relationship between Self-Handicapping and Unstable Self-Esteem: The Mediating Role of Fear of Negative Evaluation
        Atie Arab Mohebi Shahrabi Shahla Pakdaman Mahmood Heidari
        This study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The particip More
        This study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The participants completed the short version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNES-B; Leary, 1983), the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones &amp; Rvdvlt, 1982) and the Unstable Self-esteem Scale (Chabrol, Rocio, &amp; Callahan, 2006). The data were analyzed using regression method. The results indicated that self-esteem could predict both aspects of self-handicapping. The results supported the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and self-esteem instability. The findings suggested that the unstable self-esteem, partly had an effect on self-handicapping through fear of negative evaluations. As a result, stability of self-esteem can be enhanced by addressing the fear of negative evaluation in adolescents. Manuscript profile
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        193 - The relationship between perfectionism and burnuot among physically disabled elite athletes
        Sara Azizi Reza Nikbakhsh
        The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and burnout among physically-motionally disabled elite athletes. The sample consisted of 118 athletes (mean age 24.83&plusmn;5.74 yrs, athletic experiences 12.43&plusmn;6.53 yrs, and competi More
        The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and burnout among physically-motionally disabled elite athletes. The sample consisted of 118 athletes (mean age 24.83&plusmn;5.74 yrs, athletic experiences 12.43&plusmn;6.53 yrs, and competitive experiences 8.39&plusmn;4.40 yrs) who attended in Guangzhou Asian Games in 2010. The participants voluntarily completed the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Haase &amp; Prapavessis, 2004) and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (Raedeke &amp; Smith, 2001). The results of Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that (1) positive perfectionism had significant and negative relationships with the reduced sense of accomplishment, emotional/physical exhaustion, devaluation, and total level of burnout, and (2) negative perfectionism had significant relationship with only the reduced sense of accomplishment. The results of regression analysis indicated that positive perfectionism was the only determinant of total level of burnout. The findings indicate that the positive perfectionism tendencies are effective in preventing ruining effects of burnout in physically disabled elite athletes. Manuscript profile
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        194 - Humor styles,subjective well-being,and emotional intelligence in college students
        Rostam Alinia Karou-ei Yar Ali Doosti Gholam R. Dehshiri Mohammad H. Heidari
        A sample of 108 female (age mean= 25, SD= 3.5) and 97 male (age mean= 27, SD= 5.1) students selected by multistage random sampling, responded to the Humor Styles Questionnaires (Martin et al, 2003), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al, 1985), Positive and Negativ More
        A sample of 108 female (age mean= 25, SD= 3.5) and 97 male (age mean= 27, SD= 5.1) students selected by multistage random sampling, responded to the Humor Styles Questionnaires (Martin et al, 2003), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al, 1985), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Mroczek &amp; Kolarz, 1998) and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte et al, 1998). Results indicated that the affiliative and self-enhancing humor styles were negatively correlated with negative affect, and positively correlated with life satisfaction, positive affect, and emotional intelligence. Aggressive and self-defeating humor styles were positively correlated with negative affect, and negatively correlated with life satisfaction, positive affect, and emotional intelligence. Males used more maladaptive (aggressive and self-defeating) humor styles than did females. Findings emphasize the positive correlation betweenadaptive (affiliative and self-enhancing) humor styles and emotional intelligence and subjective well-being. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        195 - The comparison of brain-behavioral systems and positive and negative affect between patients with migraine and healthy individuals
        Atefeh BashiriNejadian Alireza Heidari Saeed Bakhtiarpoor
        This study aimed to compare brain-behavioral systems and positive and negative affects in patients with migraine and healthy individuals. One hundred and twenty males and females suffering from migraine headache were selected from medical centers of Dezful and Andimes More
        This study aimed to compare brain-behavioral systems and positive and negative affects in patients with migraine and healthy individuals. One hundred and twenty males and females suffering from migraine headache were selected from medical centers of Dezful and Andimeshk cities using available sampling. The comparison group consisted of 120 healthy males and females who were matched for age, sex and education. Both groups completed the Gray-Wilson Personality Questionnaire (Wilson, Barrett, &amp;Gray, 1989) and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Watson, Clark, &amp; Tellegen, 1988). The results of multivariate variance indicated that patient and healthy individuals had significant differences in behavioral inhibition systems, passive avoidance, flight, and negative affect. There were no significant differences between groups in the other approach system variables, including active avoidance&sbquo; extinction&sbquo; fight&sbquo; and positive affect. Manuscript profile
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        196 - Perceived childhood attachment,family functioning and relodious coping
        Fatemeh Shahabizadeh Mohamad A. Mazaheri
        This study aimed to examine family functioning patterns as mediators between perceived childhood attachment to each parent (secure and insecure) and religious coping. Seven hundred and seventy students of Tehran universities were selected using multi-stage sampling. The More
        This study aimed to examine family functioning patterns as mediators between perceived childhood attachment to each parent (secure and insecure) and religious coping. Seven hundred and seventy students of Tehran universities were selected using multi-stage sampling. The participants completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (Olson, Gorall, &amp; Tiesel, 2004), the Religious Coping Scale (Pargament, Koeing, &amp; Perez, 2000), and the Childhood Attachment to each Parent Scale (Hazan &amp; Shaver, 1986). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated that 1) Chaotically disengaged family fully mediated the relationship between insecure attachment to each parent and positive religious coping, 2) Adaptability cohesion family mediated the relationship between secure attachment to each parent and negative religious coping, 3) Insecure attachment to father had direct and indirect (through family adaptability and cohesion) effects on negative religious coping, and 4) Secure attachment to father had a direct effect on positive religious coping but attachment to mother didn't not have a direct effect on religious coping. These findings suggests that not only attachment history is important in understanding religious coping strategies but also family functioning plays an important role in this relationship. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        197 - perceived parenting styles and fear of negative evaluation:a comparison of gifted and normal adolescent girls
        Shahla Pakdaman Fereshte Sadat Mortazavi Nasiri
        the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation S More
        the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale-Brief Form (Leary, 1983)) and Parenting styles Questionnaire (Schaefer,1965) were administered to 137 female high school students (34 gifted, 103 normal). The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and z test. Results indicated that 1) there was a positive correlation between control dimension of parenting style and fear of negative evaluation, 2) no significant correlation was observed between warmth dimension and fear of negative evaluation, 3) in normal adolescents group, the control dimension had no significant relation with fear of negative evaluation, but this relation was positive and significant for gifted student group, 4) the z-test indicated no difference between the two groups. The findings suggested that the more control over the children, the more they will be sensitive to negative evaluation of others and this is more salient for gifted children. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        198 - The Mediating Role of Fear of Positive and Negative Evaluation on the Relationship between Social Anxiety and Eating Disorder
        Nasim Damercheli Ali Reza Kakavand Mohammad Reza Jalali
        The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of fear of positive and negative evaluation in the relationship between social anxiety and eating disorder. The study was descriptive and correlational. To analyze the data structural equation modeling was used. On More
        The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of fear of positive and negative evaluation in the relationship between social anxiety and eating disorder. The study was descriptive and correlational. To analyze the data structural equation modeling was used. One thousand undergraduate and graduate students were selected from Imam Khomeini International University in 2015/2016 academic year using cluster random sampling method. The participants completed the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI; Garner, Olmsted &amp; Polivy, 1983), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPI; Connor et al, 2000), the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale-Short Form (FNES; Leary, 1983), and the Fear of Positive Evaluation Scale (FPES; Weeks, Heimberg &amp; Rodebaugh, 2008). The results indicated that fear of positive and negative evaluation mediated the relationship between social anxiety and eating disorder simultaneously. The social anxiety had a direct effect on eating disorder. The findings suggested that the interventions that target fear of positive and negative evaluation as the central components of social anxiety may help stopping the developing of eating disorder. Manuscript profile
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        199 - The Mediating role of Self-Esteem and Positive & Negative Affects in Relationship of Resilience and Psychological Well-Being
        Morteza Moradi Mehdi Bagherpour MohammadHassan Hasanvand Mostafa Rezapour Sedighe Shahabzadeh
        This study aimed to examine the mediating role of positive and negative affects and self-esteem in the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 387 high school students from Khoramabad, Iran. The participants completed the Re More
        This study aimed to examine the mediating role of positive and negative affects and self-esteem in the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 387 high school students from Khoramabad, Iran. The participants completed the Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor &amp;Davidson, 2003), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES;Rosenberg, 1965), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS; Watson, Clark, &amp; Tellegen, 1988), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The results of path analysis indicated a direct effect of resilience on the psychological well-being. Resilience had an indirect effect on increasing psychological well-being through positive affect and self-esteem. The positive affect and self-esteem played mediating role in the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being. These findings emphasized the developing of resilience in promoting positive affect and self-esteem to increase student psychological well-being. Manuscript profile
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        200 - Psychometric properties of the positive and negative affect scales in an iranian sample
        Ali Bakhshi Fatemeh Daemi Bita Ajilchi
        This study investigated the factor structure, and construct validity of Positive and Negative Affect Scales (Mroczek &amp; Kolarz, 1998) among Iranian students. A sample of 88 male and 117 female students of Tehran University completed the Positive Affect, Negative Affe More
        This study investigated the factor structure, and construct validity of Positive and Negative Affect Scales (Mroczek &amp; Kolarz, 1998) among Iranian students. A sample of 88 male and 117 female students of Tehran University completed the Positive Affect, Negative Affect, Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 1989) and Social Wellbeing (Keys, 1998) Scales. The results of exploratory factor analyses showed the unidimensional factor structure of the positive and negative scales, but the goodness-of-fit indexes of confirmatory factor analysis were not apropriate, expecially for the negative scale. The convergent and discriminate validity (with Psychological Well-being and Social Well-being Scales) and internal cosistency of both scales were acceptable. &nbsp; &nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        201 - The Effectiveness of Training Self-Encouragement on Cognitive Slippage and Fear of Negative Evaluation
        Zahra Sohrabi Fariborz Dortaj Esmaeil Sa&rsquo;dipour
        The&nbsp;purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of self-encouragement training on cognitive slippage and fear of negative evaluation of female students. This research was conducted as a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. Th More
        The&nbsp;purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of self-encouragement training on cognitive slippage and fear of negative evaluation of female students. This research was conducted as a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The subjects wre 30 students (15 participants for each group) selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The experimental group received 8 sessions of self-Encouragement training, meanwhile the control group did not receive any training. At the end of the training, post-test was taken from all participants. Instruments of the study included Cognitive Slippage Scale (Miers, &amp; Raulin, 1985) and Fear of Negative Evaluation Questionnaire (Watson, &amp; Friend, 1969). The results of MANCOVA showed that self-encouragement training reduced the cognitive slippage and fear of negative evaluation. According to the effectiveness of this training in decreasing cognitive slippage and fear of negative evaluation, it can be considered practical for students. Manuscript profile
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        202 - Develop a causal model of self-handicapping syndrome based on negative self-assessment, intolerance of ambiguity, and cognitive avoidance with the mediating role of academic procrastination
        ali afshari
        This study aimed to compile the causal model of self-handicapping syndrome based on negative self-assessment, intolerance of am- biguity, and cognitive avoidance with the mediating role of academic procrastination. The research method was a correlation and structural eq More
        This study aimed to compile the causal model of self-handicapping syndrome based on negative self-assessment, intolerance of am- biguity, and cognitive avoidance with the mediating role of academic procrastination. The research method was a correlation and structural equation model. The statistical population of this study consisted of all students at the Islamic Azad University of Maragheh in the number of 700 students in the academic year 2019-2020. From the mentioned population, 248 people were selected as a sample by multi- stage cluster sampling method. These number of people answered the Self-Handicapping Questionnaire (Midgley &amp; Urdan, 2001), the Negative Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (Leary, 1983), the Ambiguity Tolerance Scale (McLean, 1993), the Cognitive Avoidance Questionnaire (Sexton &amp; Dugas, 2008), and the Academic Procrastination Questionnaire (Solomon &amp; Rothbhum, (1984). Path analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to answer the research hypotheses. In addition, the mediating role of academic procrastination between self-disability, negative self-as- sessment, ambiguity intolerance, and cognitive avoidance was confirmed (P&lt;0.05). Therefore, intolerance of ambiguity, negative self-assessment, and cognitive avoidance through academic procrastination affect students&rsquo; self-handicapping. Manuscript profile
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        203 - Testing the Model of the Relationship Between Positive Perfectionism and Negative Life Events with Coping Styles and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital
        Azam Manoochehri Nasser Behroozi Manijeh Shehni Yeylag Gholamhosein Maktabi
        he aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between positive perfectionism and negative life events with coping style and psychological well-being mediated by psychological capital in Shahid Chamran University students. 254 female students and 253 male stud More
        he aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between positive perfectionism and negative life events with coping style and psychological well-being mediated by psychological capital in Shahid Chamran University students. 254 female students and 253 male students were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. Then Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Lorenz, Bee,Putz &amp; Heinitz, 2016), Positive Perfectionism questionnaire (Terry-Short, owens, Slade &amp; Dewey, 1995), Stress Scale (Holmes &amp; Rahe, 1967), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (Endler &amp; Parker, 1990) and Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 2002) were administered.The findings showed that positive perfectionism and negative life events predicted psychological capital. Psychological capital also predicted problem-focused coping, emotional-focused coping, and psychological well-being. These results highlighted the importance of psychological capital, positive perfectionism and negative life events in explaining psychological wellbeing and coping styles of students and also showed that have important implications as the necessary steps to promote the level of psychological well-being and the problem-focused coping in students Manuscript profile
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        204 - مروری بر رفتار پانلهای ساندویچی با هسته آگزتیک تحت بار ضربه
        جوانشیر لطفی
        پانلهای ساندویچی به علت ساختار منحصر به فرد خود، دارای ویژگیهای خاصی هستند، که مهمترین ویژگی آنها نسبتاستحکام به وزن و همچنین نسبت سفتی به وزن بالا میباشد. بنابراین با توجه به کاربرد زیاد و روزافزون پانلهای ساندویچی در جهانامروز از کاربرد در صنایع نظامی تا کاربردهای معم More
        پانلهای ساندویچی به علت ساختار منحصر به فرد خود، دارای ویژگیهای خاصی هستند، که مهمترین ویژگی آنها نسبتاستحکام به وزن و همچنین نسبت سفتی به وزن بالا میباشد. بنابراین با توجه به کاربرد زیاد و روزافزون پانلهای ساندویچی در جهانامروز از کاربرد در صنایع نظامی تا کاربردهای معماری و ساختمان، شناخت خواص مکانیکی آنها امری ضروری به نظر میرسد. پانلهایساندویچی از یک هسته و دو پوسته به همراه چسب برای اتصال پوسته و هسته تشکیل شده اند. یکی از موادی که اخیرا در پانلهایساندویچی به عنوان هسته استفاده میشود مواد با ضریب پوآسون منفی یا همان آگزتیکهاست. آگزتیکها موادی هستند که بر خلافمواد معمول در هنگام کشش دچار افزایش طول در راستای عمود بر امتداد کشش می شوند از این رو استفاده از آنان باعث تغییر خواصو رفتار پانلهای ساندویچی میگردد. در این مقاله مروری تحقیقات انجام شده بر روی رفتار پانلهای ساندویچی با هسته آگزتیک تحتبار ضربه در سالهای اخیر بررسی و نتایج پژوهشهای مهم و کاربردی آنها ذکر شدهاست. به طور خلاصه در این مقاله مروری استنباطشده است که مواد آگزتیک مقاومت به ضربه بهتری نسبت به مواد معمولی دارند در نتیجه پانلهای ساندویچی با هسته آگزتیک نسبتبه پانلهای ساندویچی معمولی مقاومت ضربه بالاتری دارد. Manuscript profile
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        205 - Frequence of ESBLs and Antibiotic Resistant Pattern in to E.coli and K.pneumoniae Strains Isolated of Hospitalized and Out patients Acquired Urinary Tract Infection (Esfahan/2008-2009)
        Shilla Jalalpoor Sina Mobasherizadeh
        Introduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in pa More
        Introduction and Objectives: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) and prevalence Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBLs) in these bacteria due to spread of antibiotic resistance and mortality and morbidity in patients. The best manner for control of ESBLs in bacteria, are inhibition of spread these bacteria and use of standard method for recognizes ESBLs producer strains. Subject of this study was comparison frequency of ESBLs in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia strain in UTI acquired patients with phenotypic test. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional search was performed in Azzahra and Shariaty hospitals during of 2008-2009 years in Esfahan, according to statistical formula randomly selected 91 samples from urinary infections. Bacterial identification was performed with microbiological methods, ESBLs production was performed with screening and confirmatory test and survey antibiotics resistant pattern was performed with Kirby method. Results: Frequence of ESBLs in E.coli and K.pneumoniae strains was respectively 47.97% and 41.66% .According to antibiogram result respectively 59.2%, 54.9%, 30.3%, 27.8%, 19.5% and 16.7% of E.coli strains were resistant into Co-Trimoxazole, Nalidixic acid, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime and Nitrofurantoin and respectively 75%, 50%, 40%, 44.5%,37.5%, 37.5%, 22.3% and 0% of K.pneumoniae strains were resistant into Ampicillin, Co-Trimoxazole, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Amikacin, Cephotaxime, Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: The result showed high frequence of ESBLs, so&nbsp; antibiotic resistant in isolated bacteria from hospitalized into out patience's that represent high spread&nbsp; antibiotic resistant strains in hospitals. Manuscript profile
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        206 - The effects of the dissolving condition in the legal system of Islamic countries according to Imamiyeh jurisprudence
        hosein gafari samet mahshid sadat tabaei javad niknehad
        10.30495/alr.2022.1953072.2299
        Field and Aims: Today, the use of the dissolving condition is very popular due to the imbalance of the rights of the seller and the customer, because the parties to the contract of sale try to balance each other's rights by mutual agreement, and one of the contractual w More
        Field and Aims: Today, the use of the dissolving condition is very popular due to the imbalance of the rights of the seller and the customer, because the parties to the contract of sale try to balance each other's rights by mutual agreement, and one of the contractual ways to balance the rights of the parties is to use It is a dissolving condition, which as a condition of the void condition, is a kind of suspension condition in which the dissolution and rescission of the sale is suspended until the occurrence of an accident (usually non-payment of price). The question that is very important to answer is what are the effects of including the mentioned condition in the contract?Method: The present research was carried out using a descriptive and analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: What is the subject of discussion is about the effects of the dissolving condition after the formation of the contract and before the fulfillment of the suspension act , regarding the effects of the mentioned stage, although the jurists and jurists in establishing the right to conditionality and prohibition Conditional vs. they agree on carrying out possessions contrary to the conditional right, but they disagree about the nature of the said right and the guarantee of enforcement of the violation of the said right. If the condition of negative void condition , the right created for the seller is a primary objective right that is supported by the legislator, and the transaction contrary to the condition of termination is in the state of protection. Manuscript profile
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        207 - رویکرد عقلایی به نظام ضمانت اجراهای کیفری در ایران
        سیدمرتضی حسینی محمد فرجیها
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        208 - انحلال قراردادهای الکترونیکی از طریق عدم تنفیذ
        حمیدرضا علیخانی ایوب احمدپور علی رفیعی مقدم
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        209 - ارزش‌گذاری اقتصادی سایت‌های تفریحی با استفاده از رویکرد هزینه سفر انفرادی تک‌منظوره؛ مطالعه موردی: سایت دربند تهران
        رحمان خوش اخلاق سید وحید صفایی فرد بهناز ورشوساز
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        210 - Decomposition Crude Oil Price and its Impact on the Efficiency of Selected Stock Price Index with VECM
        ویدا ورهرامی محمدجواد مرادعلیان
        AbstractDue to the widespread impact of oil price fluctuations on economic sectors of Iran, the reaction of investors who need to understand the exact impact of oil price changes on stock price index returns. Therefore, the purpose of this article, is to reviews the imp More
        AbstractDue to the widespread impact of oil price fluctuations on economic sectors of Iran, the reaction of investors who need to understand the exact impact of oil price changes on stock price index returns. Therefore, the purpose of this article, is to reviews the impact of fluctuations in crude oil prices as positive and negative on the stock prices index of the oil, gas and mining services group side except exploration, oil products and nuclear fuel ck, rubber and plastics. Results of this study showed that the positive price fluctuation on the stock index returns of all three groups is the most effective way to effect on equity index oil products group of nuclear fuel, extraction and ck the oil gas exploration and incidental services, except rubber and plastics used; while negative price fluctuations on the stock index of efficiency of oil, gas and mining services group, but affect the exploration side. With regard to the immediate reaction of the test yields a positive shock than to the stock index in the model, the result was that the dynamic response in all three groups to a positive shock is more than to negative stock. Manuscript profile
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        211 - بازنمایی ارزش ها و هنجارهای اجتماعی در فیلم های پر فروش دهه هشتاد سینمای ایران
        تژا میر فخرایی احسان رحیم زاده
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        212 - Comparison of the Islamic Resistance Front and the Imperialism System in Western Asia,
        younes khodaparast
        The main purpose of this article is to compare the Islamic Resistance Front and the American imperialism regime in West Asia. In the analysis of the subject, we use the comparative method with the tools of Laclau and Mouffe discourse analysis theory. In response to this More
        The main purpose of this article is to compare the Islamic Resistance Front and the American imperialism regime in West Asia. In the analysis of the subject, we use the comparative method with the tools of Laclau and Mouffe discourse analysis theory. In response to this hypothesis, it is proposed that the two models in question have different perceptions, perceptions and definitions of the computing system and are fundamentally different in the areas of leadership, strategic alliance, computing system, unity, method and goals. According to the research hypothesis, the research results indicate that in terms of conceptual and affirmative computing system in these two models, except in some cases, are different and different. Therefore, the strategy of active resistance and legitimate defense of the strategy of the Resistance Front against the strategy of the imperialism system means; the strategy of interventionism, aggression and a thousand wounds is to change the calculation system and disrupt the computational system of Iran and the Islamic Resistance. Essentially, America's imperialism rhetoric in West Asia by strengthening the Resistance Front "and" costly geopolitical interventions and reducing US tactical success due to regional crises, increasing interventionism, expansion of unilateralism and endless wars in the Asia Western regional environment is inevitable Manuscript profile
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        213 - عوامل موثر در ارتکاب به جرائم اجتماعی با تاکید بر نظریه فشار آگنیو (مورد مطالعه: جوانان و نوجوانان مذکر 17-30 سال در منطقه 16 تهران)
        فرح ترکمان الهه گرگوندی علیرضا افتخاری
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        214 - Integrated meta-diagnostic protocol and its effect on sensation seeking and fear of negative evaluation of girls affected by Instagram
        Zahra Sadat Alavi qazaal Zand Karimi
        The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of integrated meta-diagnostic treatment on sensation seeking and fear of negative evaluation of girls affected by Instagram. The research design was quasi-experimental and within the framewo More
        The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of integrated meta-diagnostic treatment on sensation seeking and fear of negative evaluation of girls affected by Instagram. The research design was quasi-experimental and within the framework of pre-test, post-test and follow-up plans with a control group. The statistical population consisted of 20 female students aged 15 to 18 in Tehran in 1399-1400 who were addicted to Instagram and their sensation seeking and fear of negative evaluation scores were higher than the cutoff score. Voluntary sampling was done in two groups of 10 people, experimental and control. The results of data analysis showed that the integrated meta-diagnostic intervention produced significant changes on sensation seeking and fear of negative evaluation between the experimental and control groups. Also, a significant difference between the experimental and control groups was revealed in the sensation-seeking subscales (experimentalism, adventure, boredom, avoidance of inhibition). The findings showed that the integrated meta-diagnostic treatment approach has been able to reduce excitement seeking and fear of negative evaluation in teenage girls on Instagram and subsequently reduce the desire to seek likes and approval in these people. Manuscript profile
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        215 - بررسی ویژگی های روان سنجی مقیاس عاطفه مثبت ومنفی
        حسن پاشا شریفی سیمین بشردوست سوزان امامی پور
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        216 - رابطه کمال‌گرایی و رفتار تیپ A با بهزیستی روان‌شناختی کارکنان
        نیلوفر میکاییلی سمیرا جوانمرد محمد نریمانی
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        217 - مذهبی بودن والدین و کارکرد خانواده در جامعه پذیری مقابله مذهبی
        محمد علی مظاهری مهدیه صالحی ولی الله فرزاد فاطمه شهابی زاده
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        218 - Efficacy of paroxetine on social anxiety disorder
        Hasan Toozandehjani Farnaz Abharzanjani Mehdi Amiri
        Introduction: This research is a clinical trial with the trial ID 4N20171228038109, which was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of paroxetine on the clinical symptoms of social anxiety, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and quality of life More
        Introduction: This research is a clinical trial with the trial ID 4N20171228038109, which was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of paroxetine on the clinical symptoms of social anxiety, depression, fear of negative evaluation, and quality of life in patients with social anxiety disorder. Method: The statistical population of this research included all those who referred to psychological service centers and private psychiatric offices with the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder in the city of Mashhad. They were selected in a purposeful and available manner and randomly placed in groups. The tools for measuring research variables were evaluated before, after and 3 months after group treatment with Paroxetine drug. Findings: The statistical analysis of the data of the current research by using the statistical method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements shows that, in general, paroxetine has a significant effect (p &lt; 0.05) on the dependent variables.Conclusion: Drug treatment has been significantly effective on most of the sub-components of the dependent variables in the post-test stage, and only in the mean scores of the psychological sub-components, social relations, satisfaction with the life situation, no significant difference can be seen, but in the follow-up stage It has not had a statistically significant effect. In the control group, no significant difference can be seen in the three stages of the test. Manuscript profile
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        219 - وی‍ژگیهای روانسنجی مقیاس فراهیجان دانشجویان
        نورمحمد رضایی ایمان پارسایی عصمت نجاتی میترا نیک آمال سعداله هاشمی رزینی
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        220 - Predicting Negative Price Shock with Emphasis on Financial Ratios
        Ebrahim Fadaii Mohammad Javad ZareBahnamiri
        10.30495/faar.2022.697093
        AbstractAccording to capital market research, the negative stock price shock in any market is a function of environmental factors and specific characteristics of the company, and any insight on how to describe and predict the shock can affect the decisions of investors More
        AbstractAccording to capital market research, the negative stock price shock in any market is a function of environmental factors and specific characteristics of the company, and any insight on how to describe and predict the shock can affect the decisions of investors and activists in the stock market. In this study, based on data related to 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.we have attempted to predict stock price shocks with emphasis on financial ratios. In order to select the optimal variables from the set of 96 variables, two evolutionary algorithms of particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithm have been used. After applying the mentioned algorithms, finally, 8 variables affecting permanent and temporary shocks were extracted, which in the regression model mentioned in the research, their effect on the predictor of shock was investigated. the results of RSME model are the permanent shock (genetic algorithm), permanent shock (particle swarm optimization), temporary shock (genetic algorithm) and temporary shock (particle swarm optimization (particle swarm optimization), 5.8433 , 5.6284 , 7.537 and 7.295 . as we observe , RSME in permanent shock based on genetic algorithm is more than RSME permanent shock model based on the evolutionary algorithm of particle swarm optimization. also in the transient shock model based on the genetic algorithm , the model is more than RSME of the temporary shock model based on the evolutionary algorithm of particle swarm optimization . It can therefore be stated that the estimated regression is based on the selected variables from the evolutionary algorithm of the particle swarm optimization, and has better predictive power than the selected variables of the genetic algorithm. Manuscript profile
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        221 - Jurisprudential and Legal Perspective on the Transactions Violating the Condition of Legal Omission of Act
        Hossein Jafari Samet Mahshid Sadat Tabaei Javad Niknejad,
        Proviso is one of applied topics and it is very common in our society. As one of its types, negative condition is divided into two groups of material and legal. Regarding a legal negative condition, a person who is responsible to perform a condition undertakes contractu More
        Proviso is one of applied topics and it is very common in our society. As one of its types, negative condition is divided into two groups of material and legal. Regarding a legal negative condition, a person who is responsible to perform a condition undertakes contractually not to perform one of the obligations - a contract or unilateral obligation. One very important question which arises here is that, if the person who is responsible to perform a condition violates their obligation, and in legal terms, if they perform a negative condition, what would be the jurisdictional or judicial order for the transaction or for that violation? There is disagreement between the jurisprudents and lawyers in this regard. Some considers the transaction violating the condition as valid and also consider the person in whose favor the condition is made a right to claim compensation; on the other hand, some consider such a transaction as invalid; and, some regard such a condition as invalid. Some of jurisprudents and lawyers consider a transaction which violates negative condition as invalid; and, finally, some regard it as unopposable. Our hypothesis is that, it depends on the negative condition which is violated. In other words, if the obligation is to perform a unilateral obligation such as cancellation, the transaction violating the condition is invalid; but, if the undertaking is the omission of an act, the transaction violating the condition is considered as to be in the observation state. Manuscript profile
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        222 - A comparative study of Iran's nuclear activities from the point of view of the jurisprudence of Nafi Sabil and international law
        goudarz beyrami atefeh amininia soudeh shamlou
        With the discovery of the atom and the increasing development of nuclear energy, extensive efforts were made at the level of the international community for the peaceful use of nuclear energy.The collection of these efforts led to the formation of a set of documents, tr More
        With the discovery of the atom and the increasing development of nuclear energy, extensive efforts were made at the level of the international community for the peaceful use of nuclear energy.The collection of these efforts led to the formation of a set of documents, treaties, customary rules and procedures for governments to regulate their nuclear activities within its framework. Today, the use of nuclear energy is an important issue in the world community, and the international law of nuclear activities considers and approves the achievement of peaceful atomic technology as a part of national sovereignty.In this context, Iran's nuclear activity is not separate from this issue, so that in recent decades, the country's nuclear activities have been the focus of the international community. The present article, with descriptive and analytical method, aims to answer the question, why peaceful nuclear activities Is Iran allowed?The results of this research show that Iran's nuclear activities under the protection of the holy Sharia and the principle of sanctity in not using nuclear weapons and in the light of the jurisprudence rule of the Nafisabil rule are only for peaceful purposes and to avoid non-Muslim domination over Muslims. Iran has always proven that it does not use its nuclear activities for peaceful purposes in accordance with international law. Manuscript profile
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        223 - Provide a Model for Forecasting the Stock Price Crash Risk in Tehran Stock Exchange on the basis of Hutton & chen models
        leila abdollahzadeh farhad hanifi mirfeiz fallah
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the stock price crash risk of listed companies between the years 2009 to 2016. Based on this, the researcher first calculated the stock price crash risk based on two different criteria and then tested the More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the stock price crash risk of listed companies between the years 2009 to 2016. Based on this, the researcher first calculated the stock price crash risk based on two different criteria and then tested the internal and external factors of the company on the crash risk. The statistical model used in this study is regression model and data type is panel data type. Dependent variables include calculating stock crash risk based on the first criterion, the Hutton model, which considers the monthly price fall in a fiscal year for a company when that company experiences a monthly return of 3.2 standard deviations below the company's average specific monthly return for the entire fiscal year and second criteria, Chen model, Based on the negative skewness criterion in the company's stock returns, Independent variables include in-company factors (financial ratios) and external factors. Based on the findings of the present study, there is a significant relationship between dependent variables and factors within the company and the organization external factors, can help in predicting stock crash risk. Manuscript profile
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        224 - Presentation of intelligent Meta-heuristic Hybrid models (ANFIS -MGGP ) to predict stock returns with more accuracy and speed than other Meta-heuristic methods.
        mahmood kohansal kafshgari Alireza Zarei reza behmanesh
        Discussions about forecasting Stock returns in developed countries has long been regarded as one of the most interesting scientific topics.However,due to many problems,the correct prediction of stock returns has remained a matter of strengthTtherefore,the researcher see More
        Discussions about forecasting Stock returns in developed countries has long been regarded as one of the most interesting scientific topics.However,due to many problems,the correct prediction of stock returns has remained a matter of strengthTtherefore,the researcher seeks to provide an accurate,practical and effective model for predicting stock returns for investors.The statistics sampel of research is consist of 138 active companies in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2008 to 2017 wich are selected by the systematic removal method . ANFIS,MGGP, regresion and neural network and different statistics tests are used for data analysis. For impelement of these techniques MATLAB and GenXproTools software are used respectively.The result of the study showed that in oreder to predict stock returns.the use of a meta &ndash;heuristic Hybrid models is more accurate and faster than other meta huristic models.Because ,first the most optimal input variables are selected through the ANFIS technique and then predicted using theMGG meta heuristic model.Therefore,due to the correct choice of input variables,predicting stock returns is both more accurate and faster.In addition ,the mathematical model is used to predict. Manuscript profile
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        225 - Financial performance measurement of the top 50 companies on the stock exchange using non-radial models of data envelopment analysis
        Saeid Rezaeilava Mirfeyz Fallah Masoud Sanei Shokofeh Banihashemi
        The purpose of this study is to select the optimal stock portfolio using data envelopment analysis and to carry out the project of stock exchange information about the top 50 active companies in the summer of 1398 and trace the analysis of the same data in the spring of More
        The purpose of this study is to select the optimal stock portfolio using data envelopment analysis and to carry out the project of stock exchange information about the top 50 active companies in the summer of 1398 and trace the analysis of the same data in the spring of 1398. To calculate the relative efficiency and progress of companies, a developed data envelopment analysis (SORM) model has been used, where inputs can be changed only at a limited and specified distance, and with the same assumption, the output can be limited to a limited distance. The negative data can be analyzed and the final model facilitates the efficiency and optimization of stock portfolio selection according to the information extracted from the community under discussion. The results of this analysis show that 13 companies achieved a performance equal to 1, which indicates the highest level of efficiency, and Bank Saderat, including 1.32 Fanavaran Petrochemical Company, with the figure of 1.15, has been classified as having the highest progress and growth rate, respectively, on the first and second floors of productivity.Keywords: negative data, data envelopment analysis, ranking indicators, super performance, progress and regression. Manuscript profile
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        226 - The Role of Accruals in Mitigating Timing and Matching Issues of Cash Flows
        Sara Salimi Ghale hosein etemadi Javad Rezazade Mansour Momeni
        10.30495/jdaa.2023.702083
        AbstractOne purpose of accrual accounting is to mitigate the timing and matching problems inherent in cash flows. Cash flows have timing and matching properties that impair their ability to measure performance. Net cash receipts and payments can occur in periods that di More
        AbstractOne purpose of accrual accounting is to mitigate the timing and matching problems inherent in cash flows. Cash flows have timing and matching properties that impair their ability to measure performance. Net cash receipts and payments can occur in periods that differ from the economic event (the timing or spreading problem), and cash inflows and outflows from a given economic event might occur in different periods (the matching problem). The economic role of accruals is to mitigate these timing and matching issues. These problems cause temporary fluctuations in cash flows. Accruals smooth temporary timing fluctuations in operating cash flows and thus it is expected to find a negative correlation between accruals and changes in cash flows. It is also expected that the negative correlation between accruals and cash-flow changes grows as cash flow problems intensify because accruals will increasingly counteract cash flow changes as a firm&rsquo;s cash flows increasingly stray from desired properties. According to Dechow et al. (1998), the negative serial correlation in cash flow changes shows the cash flow timing and matching problem. The timing and matching problems of cash flows counteract each other. The timing problem leads to a positive serial correlation in cash flow changes. While the matching problem leads to a negative serial correlation in cash flow changes. According to Dechow et al. (1998) model,&nbsp; the serial correlation in cash flow changes is a function of operating cash cycle and profit margin and the magnitude of negative serial correlation in cash flow changes depends on the relative magnitude of the operating cash cycle and the profit margin.&nbsp; The longer the operating cash cycle and the smaller the profit margin, the negative serial correlation in cash flow changes is more severe. So it is expected that the negative correlation between accruals and cash-flow changes grow as the negative serial correlation in cash flow changes is severe (longer operating cash cycle and smaller profit margin). This study investigates the extent to which accruals are reconciled whit their ultimate purpose in mitigating timing and matching problems inherent in cash flows. A sample of 153 firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE),,is analyzed using panel data regression models. we observed that there is a negative correlation between accruals and cash-flow changes and this negative correlation increases as the timing and matching problems of cash flows become more severe. The results of this study show that accruals are used to mitigate timing and matching problems of cash flow and firms listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange use accruals more when there are more problems with cash flows. Manuscript profile
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        227 - Lethal Concentration (LC50 96h) of the Insecticide Confidor (Imidacloprid) on the Juveniles of the Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
        B. Moghaddasi B. Moghaddasi
        Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in Iran, lives in the Caspian Sea basin and Hamoon Lake in Sistan-Baluchistan Province. Propagation and breeding of these fish are economically justified with the value of the fisheries. Today, this fish is used for avoiding severe g More
        Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in Iran, lives in the Caspian Sea basin and Hamoon Lake in Sistan-Baluchistan Province. Propagation and breeding of these fish are economically justified with the value of the fisheries. Today, this fish is used for avoiding severe growing plants in water channels or natural ponds and their reproduction and breeding it has become commonplace. In this study, the lethal concentration (LC5096h) of the insecticide confidor (Imidacloprid) was estimated for the juveniles of the grass carp (C. idella). For 96 h, 150 young grass carps (3-4gr) in 5 groups (1 control and 4 replicates) were treated with the insecticide confidor (Imidacloprid) in concentrations 0, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/l and the lethal concentration (LC5096h) and the maximum allowable concentration (M.A.C. value) were estimated. The lethal concentration (LC5096h) of the insecticide confidor was 300 mg/l and the maximum allowable concentration (M.A.C. value) was 30 mg/l. The toxicity of the insecticide confidor (Imidacloprid) was &ldquo;virtually non-toxic&rdquo; for the juveniles of the grass carp. Manuscript profile
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        228 - Foundations of the Belief and Intellectual of Owaisi Tariqat in Lataif Nafisiya
        Mohammad Ranjbar Khorram Makani Mehdi Famoori Jalil Nazari
        The book of Lataif Nafisiyah, by Ahmad bin Mahmoud Owaisi, is written in the 13th century AH in the praise of Owais Qarani. In this mystical work, in addition to describing the biography and praises of Owais Qarani, the author has also discussed the manners and intellec More
        The book of Lataif Nafisiyah, by Ahmad bin Mahmoud Owaisi, is written in the 13th century AH in the praise of Owais Qarani. In this mystical work, in addition to describing the biography and praises of Owais Qarani, the author has also discussed the manners and intellectual practices of the Owaisi Tariqat. The purpose of writing this article is to examine the beliefs and intellectual foundations of Owaisi in Lataif Nafisiya, which was done with library tools and in a descriptive-analytical way. In this article, the researcher is looking for an answer to the question that to what extent the author has reflected the manners of the Owaisi Tariqa. The result of the research shows that, while describing the life and circumstances of Owais Qarani, the author has mentioned many customs of the Owaisi Tariqat, such as dignity, veiling, seclusion, drinking poison, intelligence in the breath, watching one's step, silence and following the Holy Prophet (PBUH). The author has also described and interpreted many mystical terms. In addition to mystical interpretation and interpretation, he also explained many mystical terms. In the explanation and interpretation of these phrases, Owaisi has used less of his mystical experiences and in this case, he has relied more on the books, works and mystical thoughts of the elders of this field and has benefited from them Manuscript profile
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        229 - Investigation of some growth parameters of Carassius gibellio (Bloch, 1782) in the bony fish culture reservoirs of Sijaval- southeastern Caspian Sea
        altin ghojoghi Sedigh Azizi Faramarz Namvar Rahman Patimar
        To investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were More
        To investigate growth parameters C. gibrllio, a total of 198 specimens collected in the reservoirs of the bony fish complex of Sijaval using small beach seine from May to September 2016. Sex ratio was 1:15.5 in favour of females. The range of the length and weight were 24.3-6.8 cm and 254.857-8.676 g. LWR were obtain for females and males as W=0.042TL2.6704 and W=0.045TL3.49 respectively, indicating negative allometric growth pattern (b &lt;3) for females and positive allometric (b&gt; 3) for males. The studied population included 4 age groups ranging from 1+ to 4+. Mean of condition index of Fulton were calculated for females and male 1.88 and 1.55 respectively. VBGF parameters were obtained as L&infin;=30.29, k=0.18 and t0=-0.577. Manuscript profile
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        230 - The Relationship between the Mustache Denial Rule and the Borjam Treaty (Interaction or Conflict)
        amanollah farid amrollah nikomanesh ali bahraminejad
        Abstract With the coming to power of the Republican government in the United States in 2017, the United States of America created a new challenge for the parties by unilaterally withdrawing from the BRICS agreement. In this article, the researchers, in view of the hosti More
        Abstract With the coming to power of the Republican government in the United States in 2017, the United States of America created a new challenge for the parties by unilaterally withdrawing from the BRICS agreement. In this article, the researchers, in view of the hostile view of the current US leaders in "normalizing Iran", try to examine the relationship between the rule of denying the mustache with the Barham Treaty and the principle of fidelity to the covenant. This study deals with the views of earlier and later jurists in assuming the issue and considers the adherent to the covenant in Islam conditional on the commitment of the other party, and at the same time interprets the essence of the rule of denying the mustache as denying the tyrant domination as Mousavi Khomeini, Ruhollah and Khamenei, Seyed Ali Iranian leaders agree. Keywords: Barjam, rule, denial of mustache, fidelity to covenant, international law Manuscript profile
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        231 - Principles and Foundations of Positive Peace; A Positive View of Peace
        Arsalan Abdolahpour reza nasiri hamed mojtaba maghsoodi
        10.30495/psq.2023.1985191.2200
        The age of concept of peace and attention to it can be estimated as long as the formation of wars in human society. Throughout the history of mankind, there have been struggle, conflict and violence in human societies and humans have tried to deal with this situation an More
        The age of concept of peace and attention to it can be estimated as long as the formation of wars in human society. Throughout the history of mankind, there have been struggle, conflict and violence in human societies and humans have tried to deal with this situation and to end the war and establish peace. Although peace is usually defined as the absence of war, gradually, especially in the new era, a broader meaning called positive peace has been proposed which has emphasized the need for indicators beyond the existence of conflict. So in this article, emphasizing the concept of positive peace based on the thought of "Johan Galtung" and at the same time using the eight indicators of positive peace provided by the Institute of Economics and Peace (IEP), in addition to the negative aspect of peace, the positive aspects and in other words the needs of peace in societies have been discussed. The findings of the research show that positive peace is not only as a problem along with other issues of human societies, but also it has an irreplaceable important role as a necessary and inevitable basis for the realization of many macro goals of societies, such as interaction, solidarity, and development. Manuscript profile
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        232 - Negative vote: Analysis of political behavior Candidates for the Islamic Council elections
        Attaullah Khalili saeed sharifi lotfolah forouzandehdehkordi
        The negative vote is one of the significant topics in the field of political and social studies, which will be more important during the elections. Therefore, the political behavior of election candidates is recognized as a strategic issue for democratic systems. Based More
        The negative vote is one of the significant topics in the field of political and social studies, which will be more important during the elections. Therefore, the political behavior of election candidates is recognized as a strategic issue for democratic systems. Based on this, the current research seeks to answer the question, what is the political behavior of the candidates of the Islamic Council elections that provokes the negative vote? The research method is descriptive phenomenology; The tool for collecting information was a semi-structured interview in the research sample of 14 candidates of the Islamic Council, which was carried out using the collage analysis method. Validation of research data was done through external auditors, returning to the interviewees and in-depth description. The results showed that factors such as capturing emotions, favoring one&#039;s own interests, elitism, announcing saviorism, managing rumors and purifying and reproducing negative social capital as the political behavior of candidates for the Islamic Council elections are an effective factor in producing negative votes. Manuscript profile
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        233 - Influence on the social transformations of the Turkish society in the adoption of modernization
        maryam malmir hamidreza saeedynezhad Siamak Bahrami iraj ranjbar Ali Moradi
        In this article, with a historical approach, we will discuss the influence of the institution of religion on changing the minds of Turkish society and accepting development. The main issue is what are the characteristics of the institution of religion in contrast to ref More
        In this article, with a historical approach, we will discuss the influence of the institution of religion on changing the minds of Turkish society and accepting development. The main issue is what are the characteristics of the institution of religion in contrast to reforms and modernization, which as an institution that has an impact on the heart of Turkish society, has facilitated the acceptance of modernization and the passing of tradition to some extent by the society, the main question of the present research is that How has the institution of religion prepared the Turkish society to accept modernization and modernity? The answer to the initial hypothesis is that the characteristics of the Hanafi religion (dominant religion in Turkey) with emphasis on the principle of approval and peace and tolerance with modernization have caused its easy acceptance by the Turkish society.The institution of religion as an independent variable and development as a dependent variable have been analyzed in this research based on social changes. And this research is based on the descriptive-analytical method and the use of library sources and documents. And in four parts, the theoretical framework, modernization and reforms from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic of Atat&uuml;rk, the characteristics of the institution of religion (methods and religions) in Turkey in the face of modernization, the conclusion is organized. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        234 - Develop a quality model in education based on social capital and internal efficiency
        Babak Bagheri Yadolah Mehralizade Mohammad Hosseinpour Leyla Bahmaei
        The aim of this study was to develop a structural model of quality based on social capital and internal efficiency in theoretical secondary schools in Ilam province. The research method was descriptive and correlational in the form of structural equation modeling. The s More
        The aim of this study was to develop a structural model of quality based on social capital and internal efficiency in theoretical secondary schools in Ilam province. The research method was descriptive and correlational in the form of structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all principals, teachers, heads of educational groups and heads of parents' associations of theoretical secondary schools in Ilam province in the academic year of 1997-98 and 220 people from 55 schools were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method as a sample. Were.Measurement tools included a social capital questionnaire and an internal efficiency index. Research data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and Smart pls2 software. The results showed that the pattern of structural equations of the relationship between social capital and the internal efficiency of the mentioned schools has a suitable fit. The results also showed that the relationship between social capital and positive internal efficiency is a significant positive relationship and the relationship between social capital and negative internal efficiency is a negative and significant relationship. These findings indicate that attention to social capital can be an effective step to increase the level of positive internal efficiency and reduce the negative internal efficiency of theoretical secondary schools. Manuscript profile
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        235 - Studying psychometric indices of the classroom goal structure questionnaire and its relationship with student's academic emotion
        Fariborz Nikdel Mehdi Arabzadeh
        The purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor validity and reliability of the class structure goal questionnaire and its relationship with students' academic emotion. This questionnaire was developed by Midgley et al. (2000). For this purpose, 400 male More
        The purpose of the present study was to investigate the factor validity and reliability of the class structure goal questionnaire and its relationship with students' academic emotion. This questionnaire was developed by Midgley et al. (2000). For this purpose, 400 male and female students were selected randomly from Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province high schools. To test the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine its validity. In line with the results of the research Midgley et al. (2000)present study showed that the questionnaire had acceptable internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficients in its sub-scales ranged from 0.79 to 0.91. Also, the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirm that the structure of the questionnaire has an acceptable fit with the data and all the goodness indicators of fit are validated by the model. The results also showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the goal structure of mastery and the goal-oriented performance-approach with positive emotions (enjoyment from class and hope in the classroom). The structure of mastery has a negative relationship with negative emotions (class boredom and anxiety in the class), while the relationship between the performance-approach goal structure and negative emotions has not been meaningful. In addition, the performance-avoidance goal structure has a negative relationship with negative emotions and has a negative relationship with positive emotions. Therefore, this questionnaire can be a useful tool for evaluating student perceptions of the class goal structure Manuscript profile
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        236 - The mediating role of interpersonal problems in the relationship between perfectionism and depression
        majid Zargham Hajebi Tahereh Jolaniyan Elham Manteghiyan
        Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide; hence identify affecting factors such as perfectionism and interpersonal problems, is important. The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of interpersonal problems in the More
        Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide; hence identify affecting factors such as perfectionism and interpersonal problems, is important. The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of interpersonal problems in the relationship between negative and positive perfectionism and depression. The study design was descriptive correlational type and the statistic population included of all students of Alborz province in the second semester of 2015-2016. The sample consisted of 220 subjects who were selected through multistage sampling from two Islamic Azad University of Karaj and Alborz PNU. The study tools were positive and negative perfectionism by Terry- short, Owens, salde &amp; Dewey (1995), interpersonal difficulties-47 by Pilkonis and colleagues (1996) and Beck Depression Inventory (1961). Structural equation modeling technic was used to analyze the data. Results showed that research structural model base on gathered data fit well and interpersonal problems is a mediator in the relationship between perfectionism and depression. Negative perfectionism through interpersonal problems such as interpersonal sensitivity, interpersonal ambivalence, aggression, social approval and lack of socialization, decreases social support and increases depression. Manuscript profile
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        237 - w
        فریبرز نیکدل مهدی عرب زاده
        w
        w Manuscript profile
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        238 - Predicting Children's Anxiety Based on Parents' Reaction to Their Negative Emotions with Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation
        parvaneh roitvandghiasvand maryam esmaeilinasab emad ashrafi
        Given the prominent role of the family in the mental health of child, it seems reasonable to predict family-based factors because the family is considered as a socio-cultural system that has a set of rules; So that the impact of family on members is such that many resea More
        Given the prominent role of the family in the mental health of child, it seems reasonable to predict family-based factors because the family is considered as a socio-cultural system that has a set of rules; So that the impact of family on members is such that many researchers consider them as a main cause of disorders. The aim of this study was to predict children's anxiety based on parents' reactions to their negative emotions with mediating role of emotion regulation. In this respect, a descriptive-correlational study was performed and 232 preschool children and their parents in the city of Tehran were selected through the convenience sampling method and investigated in terms of children's anxiety symptoms, coping with children's negative emotions, and emotion regulation. Multiple regression analysis and Bootstrap and Sable tests showed that parents' reaction to children's negative emotions affects children's anxiety by emotion regulation. Parents' reaction also predicted anxiety and emotion regulation, and emotion regulation predicted children's anxiety as well. It seems that just as parents' reaction to children's negative emotions play a role in children's anxiety, so does children's emotion regulation play an important role in their anxiety. It can be expected appropriate emotion regulation in children is as a barrier to parents' inappropriate reaction and anxiety caused by it. Manuscript profile
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        239 - Discriminant analysis of rumination, pathological anxiety and cognitive emotional regulation strategies based on positive and negative affectivity levels
        Sohrab Amiri Esfandiyar Azad Marzeye Nasiri Mahsa Ghasemi GHeshlagh
        Affectivity refers to the individuals&rsquo; mood and states of mind that is experienced as&nbsp; positive or negative emotions. The aim of this study was to examine the pathological anxiety, rumination, and cognitive emotional regulation strategies within the positive More
        Affectivity refers to the individuals&rsquo; mood and states of mind that is experienced as&nbsp; positive or negative emotions. The aim of this study was to examine the pathological anxiety, rumination, and cognitive emotional regulation strategies within the positive and negative affectivity levels. For this purpose, 287 male and female students of Urmieh University were selected through multistage cluster sampling method. Following initial analysis of the results, 74 of the subjects were designated based on the end distribution of scores (Z standard) on a scale of positive and negative affectivity. Lastly, to test the hypothesis of the study, participants were evaluated for pathological anxiety, rumination and cognitive emotional regulation strategies. The data were analyzed using uni-variate and multivariate variance and follow-up tests. The results showed that pathological anxiety and rumination are related with high levels of negative affectivity and low level of positive affectivity. Further, the results indicated that individuals with high negative affectivity (HNA) had higher scores in negative emotional regulation strategies and subjects with high positive affectivity (HPA) obtained higher scores in positive emotional regulation strategies. It seems that the positive and negative aspects of emotions are the predisposing factors of psychopathology through the mediation of pathological anxiety, rumination and cognitive emotional regulation strategies. Manuscript profile
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        240 - The Relationship between Negative Meta-Emotion and Fatigue with Cognitive Failures in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The Mediating Role of Ego Depletion
        Fateme Moradi Masoud Bagheri
        Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as one of the most common lung diseases, has a progressive and debilitating nature and affects patients' psychological performance. It is often accompanied by decline in cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study was to investi More
        Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as one of the most common lung diseases, has a progressive and debilitating nature and affects patients' psychological performance. It is often accompanied by decline in cognitive abilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of ego depletion in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For this purpose, in a descriptive-correlational study, 204 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kerman were selected by convenience sampling and were evaluated for cognitive failure, ego depletion, negative meta-emotion, and fatigue. The results of data analysis showed that negative meta-emotion, fatigue and ego depletion have significant positive relationship with cognitive failure. Also, the results of path analysis also suggested that ego depletion plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure. That is, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. It means, part of the relationship between negative meta-emotion and fatigue with cognitive failure occurs through ego depletion. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, we can reduce the ego depletion in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by providing therapeutic interventions based on reduction in negative meta-emotion and fatigue, thus preventing or controlling cognitive failure in these patients Manuscript profile
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        241 - Negative automatic thoughts and sleep quality in patients with hypertension
        Padideh Soltani Beyrag Amir Panahali
        Many &nbsp;psychosocial &nbsp;factors &nbsp;such &nbsp;as &nbsp;lifestyle, &nbsp;disturbing &nbsp;thoughts, &nbsp;negative emotions, &nbsp;insufficient &nbsp;sleep &nbsp;can &nbsp;cause &nbsp;chronic &nbsp;hypertension. &nbsp;Today, one of the factors influencing the pr More
        Many &nbsp;psychosocial &nbsp;factors &nbsp;such &nbsp;as &nbsp;lifestyle, &nbsp;disturbing &nbsp;thoughts, &nbsp;negative emotions, &nbsp;insufficient &nbsp;sleep &nbsp;can &nbsp;cause &nbsp;chronic &nbsp;hypertension. &nbsp;Today, one of the factors influencing the prevalence of hypertension is psychosocial factors such as persistent and chronic stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on stress, negative automatic thoughts and sleep quality in patients with hypertension. &nbsp;For &nbsp;this purpose, &nbsp;in &nbsp;a quasi xperiential &nbsp;&nbsp;study &nbsp;with &nbsp;pre-test, &nbsp;post-test &nbsp;and &nbsp;control &nbsp;group, &nbsp;30 &nbsp;patients &nbsp;with hypertension &nbsp;referred &nbsp;to &nbsp;Imam &nbsp;Sajjad &nbsp;Hospital &nbsp;in &nbsp;Tabriz &nbsp;were &nbsp;selected &nbsp;by available sample and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group &nbsp;&nbsp;participated in 8 sessions of therapeutic intervention. &nbsp;The groups were evaluated for stress, negative automatic thoughts and sleep quality before and after the treatment interventions. The results of univariate analysis of covariance &nbsp;showed &nbsp;that &nbsp;mindfulness-based &nbsp;cognitive &nbsp;therapy &nbsp;significantly reduced &nbsp;stress &nbsp;and &nbsp;negative &nbsp;automatic &nbsp;thoughts &nbsp;and &nbsp;improved &nbsp;sleep &nbsp;quality &nbsp;in patients with hypertension; Therefore, it can be concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy promotes psychological health in these patients&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        242 - Type D Personality Elements (Negative Emotion and Social Inhibition) in Perception of Cancer Patients Disease
        nahid nafisi Arash Vaziri Giti ghorashi Shahram nematzaheh
        Type D personality is susceptible for concern, tension, unhappiness and dark and negative view to the life. They easily get angry and in general experience less positive emotions, and this status may create problems in the process of therapy of chronic diseases or add d More
        Type D personality is susceptible for concern, tension, unhappiness and dark and negative view to the life. They easily get angry and in general experience less positive emotions, and this status may create problems in the process of therapy of chronic diseases or add difficulties thereto. This research aims to investigate the share of personality type elements (negative emotion and social inhibition) in disease perception of cancer patients. For this purpose, in a descriptive study of correlation type, 176 cancer patients of Shohadaye Tajrish and Imam Hospitals were selected as convenience sample and were assessed with regards to psychological traits, D type personality and attitude to therapy. The results of regression analysis of points indicated that high D type personality, negative emotion and social inhibition are associated with disease perception, and its subtests including consequences, timeline, personal control, disease control, identity, concern, disease understanding and emotional representation. Regression analysis indicated that the points of type D personality justify 71% of variance of disease perception points. Accordingly, whatever D type personality in them is higher, they have worse perception of their disease and its related aspects. Therefore, the effect of high D type personality should be taken into consideration in continue of treatment process of cancer patients. Manuscript profile

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