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Open Access Article
1 - Identifying and ranking the factors affecting absorptive capacity in Research organizations
majid daeizadeh jeloudar Borzoo Pourabdollahian Tehran Arnoosh ShakeriThe main objective of this study is identifying and ranking the Effective factors on absorptive capacity in a research organization. This inquiry is a sort of applied research, and in respect of data gathering is a descriptive research. In this research is used surveyin MoreThe main objective of this study is identifying and ranking the Effective factors on absorptive capacity in a research organization. This inquiry is a sort of applied research, and in respect of data gathering is a descriptive research. In this research is used surveying method. Considering the subjective nature of research model as well as masters, the experts of research organization constitute the statistical society of this study. This study is performed in two parts with qualitative and quantitative approach. To identify the research components we interviewed experts and staffs of research organization in additional to Theoretical fundamentals and literature. After gathering intended factors from interview and Theoretical fundamentals, the paired comparison technique is used to prepare the questionnaire to prioritize the factors. Our selected method in this analysis is based on Fuzzy AHP method according to Chang method. The result of study indicates that according to absorptive capacity criteria, realized absorptive capacity is our first priority and potential absorptive capacity is the next one, and with regard to realized absorptive capacity exploitation is the first priority and transformation is the second one. Considering the potential absorptive capacity, acquisition would be first priority and assimilation is the next one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Conceptual Model For New Product Development In Concurrent Engineering Environment
S. M. Seied Hoseini S. J. IranbanToday necessary and important of new product, conversion as a necessary strategy for stay in business.Chief companies try to use new approaches for improvement of new product development (NPD) process.One of these new approaches is concurrent engineering (CE). Many rese MoreToday necessary and important of new product, conversion as a necessary strategy for stay in business.Chief companies try to use new approaches for improvement of new product development (NPD) process.One of these new approaches is concurrent engineering (CE). Many researches and studies about thisapproach was carried out or is doing now. In the general perspective, concurrent engineering presenting thepattern that have three aspects of design, production and customer. In other words, concurrent engineeringapproaches try to consider the design, manufacturing and customer of product for achievement thesignificant improvements in business. In this article try to consideration all three aspects of concurrentengineering and finally presenting the conceptual model of new product development (NPD) in thisenvironment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Studing Mutual Export Between Iran and South-West Asian Countries
M. A. Abdolvand M. A. ZeighamiOne of the main issues in export planning especially for increasing export to developing countries isthe degree of awareness about mutual capacities in producing and exporting goods.Main purpose of this article is to study and determine non-oil export potential of Iran MoreOne of the main issues in export planning especially for increasing export to developing countries isthe degree of awareness about mutual capacities in producing and exporting goods.Main purpose of this article is to study and determine non-oil export potential of Iran in trading withsouth western Asia countries. Calculations and analysis are based on total non-oil trade of thesecountries and also 21 sections of the 201za harmonized system. This study has utilized ex- post data(import and export) of Iran and 23 countries of south western mutual exporting potential index.The results show that Iran has many opportunities in exporting non-petroleum products to countries ofthe region especially in substantial metals and their products, chemical products, plastic material andtheir products, textile material and their products and also food and beverage.So reinforcing regional cooperation including developing intra regional trade with countries such asUAE, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, Iraq, Pakistan Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Oman, Jordan, can form goodopportunities for Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Non-relativistic particle under the Influence of Aharonov-Bohm Flux Field Subject to Physical Potentials and the Nikiforov-Uvarov Method
Faizuddin Ahmed Kayser Ahmed Akheruzzaman Ahmed Ariful Islam Bikash Barmab -
Open Access Article
5 - Approximate solutions of the Dirac equation with Deformed Woods-Saxon potential including a Hellmann like tensor interaction
Uduakobong Okorie Akpan Ikot Monday Udoh Sylvester Ekong Collins Edet Ridha Horchani Gaotsiwe Rampho -
Open Access Article
6 - Spectra of heavy quarkonia in a magnetized-hot medium in the framework of fractional non-relativistic quark model
Mohammed Abu-shady Azar I. Ahmadov He M. Fath-Allah Vatan H. Badalov -
Open Access Article
7 - Bound state solutions and thermal properties of the N-dimensional Schrödinger equation with Varshni plus Woods-Saxon potential via Nikiforov-Uvarov method
Ridha Horchani Safa Al-Shafii Noora Al-Hashimi Akpan Ikot Ituen Okon Uduakobong Okorie Carlos Duque Enoch Oladimeji -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of collisions, ionisation and non-extensivity on sheath formation in an electronegative warm plasma under electron emission from the wall
Yetendra Jha Mayank Kumar Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
9 - Theoretical study of ISB conduction optical absorption and impurity binding energy associated with lowest excited states in QW with a new modulated potential
Redouane En-nadir Haddou El-ghazi -
Open Access Article
10 - A new Coulomb ring-shaped potential via generalized parametric Nikiforov-Uvarov method
Ali Akbar Rajabi Majid Hamzavi -
Open Access Article
11 - Relativistic spin symmetry of the generalized Morse potential including tensor interaction
Akpan N Ikot Elham Maghsoodi Saber Zarrinkamar Hassan Hassanabadi -
Open Access Article
12 - Relativistic dynamics of electrons around impurities in high-density plasmas
Said Douis Mohammed Tayeb Meftah -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of negative oxygen ions on the characteristics of plasma in a cylindrical DC discharge
Davoud Dorranian Mahsa Alizadeh -
Open Access Article
14 - Solving Schrodinger equation specializing to the Stark effect in linear potential by the canonical function method
L. Farhang Matin H. Hasan Bouzari F. Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
15 - Electrical characterization of nanocrystalline zinc selenide thin films
Jeewan Sharma Deep Shikha Surya Kant Tripathi -
Open Access Article
16 - Calculation of state energy of (2n+ 1)-fold wells using the spectral properties of supersymmetry shape-invariant potential
Marjan Tavakkoli -
Open Access Article
17 - Semiempirical investigations on the stabilization energies and ionic hydrogen-bonded structures of F−(H2O)n and Cl−(H2O)n (n = 1–4) clusters
Qi Wang Kimichi Suzuki Umpei Nagashima Masanori Tachikawa Shiwei Yan -
Open Access Article
18 - Solitary and cnoidal solution of ZK equation in a multicomponent magnetized dusty plasma with Fermi-Dirac electrons and positrons
Maryam Ghasemloo -
Open Access Article
19 - The Cairns-Tsallis model for ion acoustic cnoidal (periodic) waves
Forough Farhadkiyaei -
Open Access Article
20 - Tensor coupling and relativistic spin and pseudospin symmetries of the Pöschl–Teller-like potential
H. Tokmehdashi A. A. Rajabi M. Hamzavi -
Open Access Article
21 - Eigensolutions of the Schrödinger equation with a class of Yukawa potentials via supersymmetric approach
C. A. Onate J. O. Ojonubah -
Open Access Article
22 - Solutions of D-dimensional Schrodinger equation for Woods–Saxon potential with spin–orbit, coulomb and centrifugal terms through a new hybrid numerical fitting Nikiforov–Uvarov method
A. Niknam A. A. Rajabi M. Solaimani -
Open Access Article
23 - Evolution of shapes in even–even nuclei using the standard interacting boson model
Ali M. Khalaf Mahmoud M. Taha -
Open Access Article
24 - Shifted Tietz–Wei oscillator for simulating the atomic interaction in diatomic molecules
Babatunde J. Falaye Sameer M. Ikhdair Majid Hamzavi -
Open Access Article
25 - The effects of applying different bias voltages and phase differences on performance of an asymmetric surface dielectric barrier discharge; an experimental investigation
H. Mahdavi F. Sohbatzadeh -
Open Access Article
26 - The static properties and form factors of the deuteron using the different forms of the Wood–Saxon potential
B. Rezaei A. Dashtimoghadam -
Open Access Article
27 - Synthesis, structural and optical properties of pure ZnO and Co doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by the co-precipitation method
P. Geetha Devi A. Sakthi Velu -
Open Access Article
28 - Investigation of dopant centres dominating the conduction process in the bulk of un-doped GaSb
Megersa Wodajo Shura -
Open Access Article
29 - Solutions of Morse potential with position-dependent mass by Laplace transform
S. Miraboutalebi -
Open Access Article
30 - Assessment of Tehran Beasat Thermal Power Plant Reuse Potential, Based on Adaptive Reuse Potential (ARP) Model
Mohammad Pourebrahimi Seyed Rahman Eghbali Hassan Ghafori FardMany buildings experience demolition while a significant part of their physical and structural life is still remain. Such buildings usually became abandoned before the end of their physical life as a result of various factors, such as the inability to meet the new requi MoreMany buildings experience demolition while a significant part of their physical and structural life is still remain. Such buildings usually became abandoned before the end of their physical life as a result of various factors, such as the inability to meet the new requirements and expectations. In such circumstances, adaptive reuse can have significant benefits compared to demolish and new construction. Demolition has some disadvantages, including waste of building embodied energy, building waste generation, use of new sources and greenhouse gas emissions as a result of new construction. Unlike demolition, adaptive reuse approach avoids the lavish process of demolition and new construction. Adaptive reuse approach can lead to materials waste reduction, maximum use of materials, embodied energy saving, time saving, economic saving, avoiding of overuse of resources and lands and preserve them for future generations. But the reuse of existing buildings need appropriate study and evaluating. Adaptive Reuse Potential (ARP) model through measuring building reuse potential and determining the best time to intervene for the reuse of building turns to an effective tool for decision-making in this area. Adaptive reuse potential (ARP) Model, which was introduced in 2007 by Professor Craig Langston, has a generic application to all countries. Adaptive reuse potential model (ARP) needs data such as the building physical life, current age of the building and building predicted useful life. Actually the useful life of a building is different from its physical life and there maybe buildings losing their utility because of obsolescence, years before the end of their physical life. This model uses 7 types of obsolescence includes, physical, economic, functional, technical, social, legal and political. A scale of 0–20% is used to assess obsolescence vulnerability, where 0% means it is effectively immune and 20% means it is significantly exposed. Adaptive reuse potential model (ARP) output is some indexes as percentage. ARP index more than 50% indicates high adaptive reuse potential, 20% to 50% indicates medium potential for reuse and ARP index below 20% indicates low potential for adaptive reuse. On the one hand, Fossil fuel power plants have valuable features for adaptive reuse, including large open internal spaces, solid structures, large and valuable tracts of land, existing infrastructure, interesting architecture features, historic preservation interest, and landmarks for a new generation. On the other hand, due to large scale of fossil fuel power plants, their demolition can cost a lot and cause waste generation and waste of embodied energy. New construction also involves the use of significant resources and land. Also given to greenhouse gas emissions by these power plants, determination of the useful life, potential and the best time for reuse are very important. Adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model is a useful tool in this regard. This paper assessed the adaptive reuse potential of Tehran Beasat power plant, based on Adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model. So, the Adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model has been studied through the practical application and meanwhile calculating the reuse potential of the power plant the obtained results are discussed and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Public spaces and social life in the historic city of Varamin
Seyyed Mohsen Habibi Navid Pour-mohammad-rezaAs the word "public space" is used several times throughout this paper, before initializing the discussion, the concepts of and approaches towards public space is briefly and generally discussed here: public space could be considered as the realm for presence of people MoreAs the word "public space" is used several times throughout this paper, before initializing the discussion, the concepts of and approaches towards public space is briefly and generally discussed here: public space could be considered as the realm for presence of people and as a physical-spatial response to their social, cultural, economic and political needs and appeal; a Physical response which sometimes is offered and finally generated as a down-up process by people themselves and sometimes made by authorities in the form of an up-down process. In fact, public spaces as an arena for social interaction, mixing and intercourse with people have undeniable role and importance in promoting quality of urban life, public coherence and correlation, sense of socializing, social self-motivation, public discourse and etc,. In lieu, people always give liveliness and a unique life to these spaces by their permanent or at times and accidental presence in these spaces either for planned aims like shopping or taking part in a particular ceremony, or rest and recreation, or to see and be seen, or to follow special customs and formalities in particular days or to pass to get to work and simultaneously looking at happenings and incidents of the urban show. The main purpose of this paper is to study and analyze public spaces and the social life in the historical city, Varamin. On this basis, it is aimed to represent a more or less clear image and perception of public spaces of Varamin through considering concepts and suppositions such as daily life, social interactions, companionship, face-to-face encounters, and so on. With regard to fieldwork, the descriptive-analytical narration of the content as well as physical characteristics of places and spaces of Varamin has been represented in the framework of three major types (Urban spaces, Religious spaces, Green spaces)and one minor type (potential public spaces). In conclusion, through a confrontation between fieldwork findings and theoretical rudiments, features and characteristics of Varamin is explained based on the three physical, functional and social criteria. The central and old part of Varamin can be considered as the most seminal public space of the city. This space can be understood as a context of emergence and manifestation of diverse aspects of the concept of the public space such as: social interactions, the sense of community, social self-motivation, and even shopping, relaxing and entertainment, looking , being seen and etc. Besides, other spaces and places such as Saint of Hoseynreza, the Family Park, Panzdah-e Khordad Park, Choub-Bori Square and so on, each of which is based on its nature and characteristics, partly representing a part of diverse dimensions and manifestations of the public space. Among these, studying and analyzing such spaces reveal that all with a more or less divergent intensity and weakness, apart from the quality of their physical-aesthetic facets and dimensions, as appealing urban settlements can be the arena to fulfill people's social, cultural, economic and even political demands and aspirations; thus the stage to appear and crystallize an urban life show. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Investigating the Role of Urban Landscaping in the Perception of Collective Spaces Using Perceptual Potentials (Case study: Third Square of Tehranpars)
Saeed Sharif kazemi Haleh Hosseinpour -
Open Access Article
33 - A fourth order elliptic problem of Kirchhoff type and finding infinitely many weak solution for it
Karimeh Ardeshiri Somayeh Khademloo ghasem alizadeh afrouziThis paper is devoted to the existence of infinitely many solutions for a forth order elliptic Kirchhoff problem involving Multi-singular inverse square potentials in a bounded domain using the methods in nonlinear analysis, precisely the variational methods. Nonlinear MoreThis paper is devoted to the existence of infinitely many solutions for a forth order elliptic Kirchhoff problem involving Multi-singular inverse square potentials in a bounded domain using the methods in nonlinear analysis, precisely the variational methods. Nonlinear analysis is a powerful tool for solving many physical models and a technique for proving the solvability of them.Among the methods can be considered in nonlinear analysis, variational methods can prove the existence and multiplicity of solutions without finding the exact value of them.Accordingly, we shall be told, perhaps, that we can find in this field of analysis one of the most applications of analysis in solving the real models of natural problems.The most important feature of the problem proposed in this article, is the existence of singular points in the domain. Using the critical point theory, we prove that there exists an interval in which, the problem has a sequence of distinct weak solutions.In other word, the existence of infinitely many solutions for this problem can be proved.This problem is of the type time independent Poison-Schrodinger equation appearing in an interesting physical context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Estimated the potential added value in major economic sectors of Iran with Kalman filter
کامبیز هژبر کیانی محمد نقیبیThe role and the knowledge of measures of Potential Output in policy analysis are of significant importance in Macroeconomics. The aim of this paper is to use the production function approach in order to measure Potential Output through state-space Model, Kalman filter MoreThe role and the knowledge of measures of Potential Output in policy analysis are of significant importance in Macroeconomics. The aim of this paper is to use the production function approach in order to measure Potential Output through state-space Model, Kalman filter method. To achieve this goal, we have estimated the value added output of mining, construction, oil and gas, agriculture, water and electricity, and service industries during 1339 – 1389in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - An Exploratory Discourse of Investment Opportunities and the Effect of Internal Economic Dysfunctions in Nigeria
Lucky Osaretin Odia Juliet Ohenokobosare Esieboma -
Open Access Article
36 - The Role of Potentials of Islamic Azad University of Fars Province (Marvdasht Unit) in Creating Tourist Attractions
Mastoureh Ezzatzadeh Mohammad Reza Mostejir -
Open Access Article
37 - Presenting a model of marketing market variables of potential markets with a value-based approach to dairy products (Case study: Regional market of Iranian dairy products) Provide a model of marketing effectiveness variables
Zahra Rahimi Naser Azad Abdullah Naami Mahmoud ModiriIntroduction: Considering that the most important effort of marketers and managers today is to take measures to create, increase and maintain market share. The purpose of this study is to present a model of the effectiveness of marketing dimensions of potential markets MoreIntroduction: Considering that the most important effort of marketers and managers today is to take measures to create, increase and maintain market share. The purpose of this study is to present a model of the effectiveness of marketing dimensions of potential markets with a value-based approach to dairy products.Method: The method of this research was qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative method, the thematic method was used to obtain the dimensions and criteria that were obtained during the three coding steps. By semi-structured interviews with selected experts, 6 related experts were formed through a judgmental method and the effective dimensions model was presented. The interviews were followed until the theoretical saturation of the data. In a quantitative method, by generating paired questionnaires and distributing them among 10 experts, we analyzed the obtained dimensional data using the fuzzy dimtel method and the fuzzy ANP method. The statistical community has been the potential market of Iraq.Results: Based on the results, the effective variables of this study included potential market dimensions and marketing values. The first influential variable of potential market, which has the dimensions of competitive price, consumer market and product quality, is the second influential variable of marketing values, which have the components of creating the need and strategy of choice and customer satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Optimizing the exploitation of the Shahryar plain aquifer by simulating the groundwater flow using the combined modeling method
Nima Salehi Shafa Hossein Babazadeh Fayaz Aghayari Ali Saremi MohammadReza Ghafouri Masoud Safavi Ali PanahdarIn this study, a multi-objective simulation model was presented and six scenarios were defined based on the groundwater budget for optimal exploitation of Shahryar plain aquifer. For this purpose, first, using the GIS based models and using fuzzy and weight methods, the MoreIn this study, a multi-objective simulation model was presented and six scenarios were defined based on the groundwater budget for optimal exploitation of Shahryar plain aquifer. For this purpose, first, using the GIS based models and using fuzzy and weight methods, the regions with high water and low water in the study area were identified in order to prioritize resources and uses. Then the desired scenarios were simulated and evaluated by the (GMS) model. Finally, in order to increase the accuracy of the research results, the (TDS) concentration and the groundwater budget were simulated using the artificial neural network model (ANN). According to the results of fuzzy and weighted methods, the areas of Rabat Karim, then Islamshahr and finally Shahryar were identified as low water areas. Based on the obtained results, the unsteady state budget and verification were calculated as -344.68 and -109.98 (MCM), respectively. The third scenario with a budget of 203.33 (MCM) was chosen as the best scenario and the budget resulting from that, ratio to the budget resulting from the model (GMS) and the neural network for the year 95, has increased by 284.87 percent and 284.83 percent respectively. Also, the concentration of total dissolved solids in the groundwater obtained from the desired models in the entire study period was estimated by 655 and 651 mg/liter on average. The criteria of correlation coefficient and determination coefficient obtained from neural network models for groundwater budget and total data were estimated to be equal to one and for the total dissolved solids concentration of groundwater were estimated to be 0.997 and 0.994, respectively. In the present research, the multi-objective simulation pattern as a comprehensive and practical method by providing new simulation methods has the ability to support several effective scenarios and leads to increase the stability of the groundwater system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Evaluation of pollution and potential ecological risk of dusts contaminated with toxic elements, the case of residential buildings in Isfahan metropolis, Iran
Makkiyah Abdulhssein Hammood Atefeh Chamani Soheil Sobhan ArdakaniAir pollution is a major contributor to chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, resulting in an estimated annual premature death toll of 6.2 to 8.4 million individuals. The objective of this study is to investigate the concentration of potentially toxic element MoreAir pollution is a major contributor to chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, resulting in an estimated annual premature death toll of 6.2 to 8.4 million individuals. The objective of this study is to investigate the concentration of potentially toxic elements in dust collected from residential complex in Isfahan during the winter (2022-2023). To ensure comprehensive coverage, 31 residential residential complex were chosen across the entire Isfahan City. Dust samples were collected in triplicate (totaling 93 samples) from from the internal surfaces of the ground or first floor of residential complexes, except for common spaces. The samples were transferred to the laboratory and the concentrations of Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, Zinc, Cobalt, Nickel, Copper, Chromium, and Vanadium were then measured using an ICP-OES device, model Optima 83. The average concentrations of Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel, Manganese, Cobalt, Lead, and Vanadium in the collected samples were found to be 5.55, 0.95, 32.6, 241, 3.87, 300, and 30.6 mg/kg, respectively. According to the enrichment factor analysis, the concentrations of Lead and Cadmium were of non-natural and anthropogenic sources in all sampling stations except for West Allameh Amini. A notable positive correlation was observed between the Lead enrichment factor and the traffic index at a 95% confidence level (p-value=0.021, r= 0.369). Similarly, a significant strong positive correlation was found at a 99% confidence level between the ecological risk assessment index and the traffic index (Pvalue=0.00, r= 0. 619). This suggests that traffic has a major impact on the concentration of potentially toxic elements at the sampling stations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A computational study of Nitramide adsorption on the surface of pristine and Ni functionalized (4,4) armchair Gallium nitride nanotubes
Mahdi Rezaei Sameti -
Open Access Article
41 - Energy Study at Different Temperatures for Active Site of Azurin in Water, Ethanol, Methanol and Gas Phase by Monte Carlo Simulations
K. Shahanipour T. Nejad Satari -
Open Access Article
42 - A New Modification of Morse Potential Energy Function
F. Naderi M. Yari F. Mollaamin A.R. Ilkhani M. Khaleghian M. Monajjemi N. Khodayari -
Open Access Article
43 - Nitromethane - Methyl Nitrite Rearrangement: The Seising of Discrepancy between Theory and Experiment
Jamshid Najafpour -
Open Access Article
44 - Classical DFT Study on Atomic Electronegativity
Mohammad Hossien Ghorbani Reza Fazaeli Arash Ghoorehian -
Open Access Article
45 - Evaluation of Physical Properties of B16N16 and B16N16-X(X=Cu, Cu+, Cu++)
M. SeyedHosseini M. Monajjemi K . Zare -
Open Access Article
46 - Estimation of second virial coefficients for rare gases in thermodynamic views
M. Baghernejad K. Zare -
Open Access Article
47 - Presentation of the Soft-Core Double Yukawa Potential for Noble Gasses using in sillico
Soheila Ghaderi Fariba Sadat Hashemi Ladan Mokhbersafa -
Open Access Article
48 - Estimating the second virial coefficients of some real gas mixtures and related thermodynamic views
M. Baghernejad K. Zare -
Open Access Article
49 - The Effect of Aluminum, Gallium, Indium- Doping on the Zigzag (5, 0) Boron-Nitride Nanotubes: DFT, NMR, Vibrational, Thermodynamic Parameters and Electrostatic Potential Map with Electrophilicity Studies
Reza Soleymani -
Open Access Article
50 - Computational study of chemical properties of Captopril drug and the connected form to Fullerene (C60) as a medicine nano carrier
Roya Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
51 - The Assessment of the Female Carpet Weavers’ Economic Abilities in Taka’abafshar and Their Role in Rural Development (Case of Study: Villages of Taka’ab Division)
Mohammad sadegh Oliyaie Mehdi Dehghan Neyestanaki -
Open Access Article
52 - The Assessment of Social Potential’ Effect on Locales Liking from the Teenagers Point of View in Tehran City
Zahra Khodaee Mojtaba Rafiein Hashem Dadashpoor Ali Akbar Taghvaea -
Open Access Article
53 - Research role of environment potential in rural planning Case study: central region of Mahabad city
Masoud Mahdavi Mohammad Amin MohyeddiniRegarding the developing processes of rural a sees. The analysis and theidentification of the current rural conditions and inspection of the facilities and theircircumstances in different aspects was important. And to help the rural planners toassign the developed targe MoreRegarding the developing processes of rural a sees. The analysis and theidentification of the current rural conditions and inspection of the facilities and theircircumstances in different aspects was important. And to help the rural planners toassign the developed targets to specify the diplomacy and the ways to establish them.So in this research the evaluation and assessment of environmental potential of thecentral region of the mahabad city is in consideration and for this purpose and to getthe answer of the main question of this thesis effective environmental factors to searchthe rural development. Are in consideration and analysis. This thesis in addition to thenatural facilities of concerned area and property scope of the area regarding thesefacilities and possibilities is also supposed to explain the position of these factors andtheir importance in rural development area. In spite of main goal of this thesis is todetermine the degree of the indigence of the environmental abilities in central ruraldeveloping area of mahabad city, the whole researches and studies accomplished inthis area, is in order to search the main goal of this thesis and the observer has initiallyanalyzed the remote position of the region on the basis of environment and then on thebasis of that has stepped up to search-out the main points of the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The Role of Agricultural Products especially Saffron in Rural Development of Kashmar Township
Ali Monazzam Esmaeilpour Parviz KardavaniToday, by a day-to-day increase in the population, the need to provide more foodstuffs for the human societies becomes more noticeable, which then causes an extra overload on natural resources. Therefore, recognizing the capabilities of natural fields and resources seem MoreToday, by a day-to-day increase in the population, the need to provide more foodstuffs for the human societies becomes more noticeable, which then causes an extra overload on natural resources. Therefore, recognizing the capabilities of natural fields and resources seems a necessary concern in producing special crops. Saffron as the most precious agricultural and medicinal product in the world, is one of the plants that according to its resistance against dryness, needing less amount of water, lack of putrefying and such effects as creating jobs and high income for the country especially in Khoräsän Razavi province has made the farmers in rural areas head toward it, since the natural potentials of the fields of Käshmar are really suitable for this plant. In this study, it is proved that the role of saffron in rural development of Käshmar township is essential and important; and it follows by suggesting the necessary strategies for a systematic planting of this product and creating a regular system for trade and export, which finally causes an increase in creating jobs, and enhancing the life style in the rural areas of the region. This also can bring about the stable rural development which is important in fixing the population in rural communities and preventing the emigration to the cities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Urban Development on the Economic Potential with the Overall Policy Approach (Case Study: Astara City)
Seyede Sedighe HassanimehrImportance of social development national economy inevitably based on the potential of each country and its various capabilities can be built. Conceptual development is large and comprehensive social welfare indicators anatomist it. If regional development is as a MoreImportance of social development national economy inevitably based on the potential of each country and its various capabilities can be built. Conceptual development is large and comprehensive social welfare indicators anatomist it. If regional development is as an approach to strengthen the national development must be defined. As part of the document developed years ago with twenty years of eye size in 1404 announced his realistic approach to development and social transformation, economic, political and cultural basis of the work has therefore been tried in this article according to key Question: "How appropriate mechanisms of regional development potential be identified?" In analyzing the potential for knowledge-based infrastructure Astara city system based on general policies with regional development policy analysis is discussed. Using an interactive model of regional development factors and utilization of regional development indicators to this question has been answered as a result of the overall foundation of the knowledge economy, regional integration and regional indicators of human development is. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Identify and examine the available capacities and potentials of the land focusing on infilling development (Case study: Sardasht city neighborhoods)
Keramatollah Zayyari Ahmad Pourahmad Rezgar HamzehpourFollowing the rapid population growth and emergence new urbanization changes in the world, we have been witnessed the extension of urban development patterns such as horizontal expansion which has caused to form suburbs, to destroy agricultural lands and to forget inter MoreFollowing the rapid population growth and emergence new urbanization changes in the world, we have been witnessed the extension of urban development patterns such as horizontal expansion which has caused to form suburbs, to destroy agricultural lands and to forget intermediate textures and their depletion from inside. These matters makes it necessary using capacities and potentials of the inside of the town. Therefore the purpose of this paper is identify and examine capacities and potentials of infilling development in the neighborhoods of Sardasht. The kind of research is practical and its review method is descriptive-analytical. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and expert choice software were used to prioritize and validating standards and Geographic Information System (GIS) was used for layers production and processing. During this process 8 standards and effective indexes including population density, deserted and abandoned lands, brown lands, building quality, building floors, building age, military and cemetery applications were identified and applied. Finally by summing together of mass standards and sub standards, using mathematical operations attempted to create the final development map and their prioritizing. The final map indicates that the 3 and 8 neighborhoods which are placed in 1 and 2 priorities have the most infill development potential and 5 and 9 neighborhoods in the end of the priorities have the lowest capacity to develop from the inside(infill development). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The effect of particle shape of porous media on the longitudinal dispersivity: contaminant transport
ghasem mirzaeiOne of the most challenging quantities in analyzing the transfer of contaminant in the porous medium is the determination of longitudinal dispersivity. In this research, the effects of the porous media particle shape on the longitudinal dispersivity were investigated by MoreOne of the most challenging quantities in analyzing the transfer of contaminant in the porous medium is the determination of longitudinal dispersivity. In this research, the effects of the porous media particle shape on the longitudinal dispersivity were investigated by experiments on three column of soil (broken texture, river sand, spherical texture). Flow and contaminant (NaCl) were injected at five levels of velocities and the Breakthrough curve was extracted at five points along the column by Self-Potential Method, Then, by simulating the results with FEFLOW software and the inverse analysis with CXTFIT2 software, longitudinal dispersivity was determined. The results indicate that, for constant velocity, the medium with spherical texture has a longitudinal dispersivity greater than the other two medium and in the sandy medium it is more than the broken texture. This can be due to the increase in the contact surface as well as the path’s tortuosity, with the particle coming out of the spherical shape. With increasing velocity, the longitudinal dispersivity decreases in all three medium. Also, as the particles are closer to the spherical shape, the scale effect will be greater, and with increasing velocity, the decrease in the longitudinal dispersivity in these medium will be less. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Investigation of lithological units susceptibility of erosion using mineralogical characteristics
Seid Saeid Ghiasi Sadat Feiznia Alireza Moghadam nia Somayye NajiradSoil resource conservation requires management approaches and provides appropriate solutions that can be achieved by knowing nature of rock units and relative importance of main sediment sources. The aim of this study is to determine hole of each lithological unit in se MoreSoil resource conservation requires management approaches and provides appropriate solutions that can be achieved by knowing nature of rock units and relative importance of main sediment sources. The aim of this study is to determine hole of each lithological unit in sediment generation and to recognize their erosion conditions. For this purpose after sampling the sediment source and sediments of waterways of Kiov-chai Watershed, grading was performed for all samples by dry sieving. Then, 600 micron and 4 mm sieves were selected as indicators and by choosing 100 grains of sediment from each sample, mineralogical analysis was performed using a pair of binocular and considering mineral and rock fragments the results were compared with and adapted to the lithological units and the share percentage of each stone, was determined by counting the number of minerals and rock fragments. The results showed, Qvl lithological unit has the highest share in sediment yield with a 45.51 percent and has the very severe erosion status with total erosion index score with a 1053.14 which can be justified completely due to extensive degradation and its spread on both sides of the main river. After Qvl lithological unit, Qds2 and Qvb lithological units have the highest share in sediment yield with a 30.87 and 10.54 percent, respectively and Qtasllithological unit has the lowest share in sediment yield with a 45.51 percent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Estimating water requirement of forage maize and sugar beet using remote sensing (case study: Qazvin plain)
حمیده نوری ALI Mokhtari Alireza BadiyeneshinIn this study, Kc curves of early- and late-planted fodder maize and sugar beet were obtained based on two main satellite-based methods: (1) ratio approach (2) vegetation indices (VIs) approach. In the ratio approach, basal crop coefficient (Kcb) and single crop coeffic MoreIn this study, Kc curves of early- and late-planted fodder maize and sugar beet were obtained based on two main satellite-based methods: (1) ratio approach (2) vegetation indices (VIs) approach. In the ratio approach, basal crop coefficient (Kcb) and single crop coefficient (Kc) was directly calculated from the ratio of potential transpiration (Tp) to ET0 (using SWAP) and ETp to ET0 (using SWAP and the Priestly-Taylor equation), respectively. The VI approach makes use of Landsat 7 (ETM+) and 8 (OLI) and also MODIS imagery in order to extract soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). The Kcb curves were evaluated against field measured leaf area index (LAI) in 2012 growing season. After each Kc curve was modeled, net irrigation requirement (NIR) was calculated on daily and season basis. Results showed that the SWAP approach was weak in estimating the Kcb and Kc curves especially at late-season stage. The VI approach could properly detect changes in vegetation cover during an entire growing season. But, when it came to Kc curve modelling, the VI approach was limited to the values given in FAO 56. However, the Priestly-Taylor approach compensated for the aforesaid limitation; therefore, yielded more sensible trends in Kc curves. Therefore satellite-based approaches derived from more realistic Kc curves during the entire growing season. Overall, making use of the satellite-based approaches could improve water management on regional scales. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Contamination Evaluation, Health and Ecological risk index assessment of Potential Toxic Elements in the surface soils Case Study: Central Part of Bandar Abbas County
Tahereh Moghtaderi SHAHLA MAHMOUDI ata shakeri mohamadhassan masihabadiSoils from the industrial areas in the south of Bandar Abbas County are susceptible to contamination by the export terminal, metal and non-metallic industries. In this research, the concentrations of selected potentially toxic elements in order to determine the contamin MoreSoils from the industrial areas in the south of Bandar Abbas County are susceptible to contamination by the export terminal, metal and non-metallic industries. In this research, the concentrations of selected potentially toxic elements in order to determine the contamination level, source and assessment of ecological risk index, also health risk assessment to determine the quantity of potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the elements in the soil of this area was investigated So that a total of 66 soil samples were collected. The Enrichment Factor (EF) and Ecological Risk Index were calculated to measure the contamination level. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the sources of heavy metals pollution, and also the health risk assessment was used in three ways: ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact. Results indicated that the average of EF for studied elements decreased in the order of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, As, Ni and Cr. The mean value of the ecological risk of Cu and Cd indicates medium and high ecological risk, respectively. The Hazard index for all selected elements through ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact in children is higher than that of adults. The results of EF and PCA indicate that the As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn have been affected by anthropogenic sources. As, Cr and Cd were regarded as the priority pollutants and Cancer risks in soils were within tolerable risk to human health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The Effect of Carob Seed Gum on Reducing Two-Phase and Physicochemical, Rheological and Sensory Properties of Dough
E. Azadfar Z. Bahrami M. Sharifi R. JeblahaIntroduction: Today, due to the increasing public awareness of the harms of consuming carbonated beverages, the tendency to consume natural beverages such as drinking yoghurt is increasing, but despite the observance of health standards, the sensory and physical charact MoreIntroduction: Today, due to the increasing public awareness of the harms of consuming carbonated beverages, the tendency to consume natural beverages such as drinking yoghurt is increasing, but despite the observance of health standards, the sensory and physical characteristics of this product that are very important have not been confident. One of the main problems in this drink is the two-phase formation, that is due to the acidic conditions, where the casein proteins of yogurt accumulate and precipitate and eventually create an undesirable appearance and condition.Materials and Methods: In order to prevent this problem, hydrocolloids can be used. In this study, the effects of adding carob seed gum at concentrations of 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25% to buttermilk were investigated. The physicochemical, rheological, activation energy, potential, two-phase formation and organoleptic properties of this populate drink was studied thoroughly.Results: The potential in dough samples is from -17.96 to -31.89 mV, respectively. Changes in the flow behavior of dough from Newton to dilute by shear were observed during the addition of carob seed gum and a suitable mathematical model to predict the flow behavior of the product. Fermented milk fermented with carob seed gum was the law of power. Activation energy in dough samples ranged from 13.82 to 24.98 kj/mol, respectively. The best sample in terms of sensory evaluations was reported for the sample with a concentration of 0.2% carob seed gum.Conclusion: The use of carob seed gum had a favorable effect on the physicochemical, sensory and rheological properties of dough. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Evaluating the growth potential of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready To Eat Vegetables
S. Shoja Gharehbagh A. Akhondzadeh Basti A. Khanjari A. Misaghi -
Open Access Article
63 - Preliminary Studies on Antioxidative Potentials of Extracts of Defatted Locust Bean Condiment
B. Daramola -
Open Access Article
64 - Effect of irrigation with different salinities on some soil characteristics and salt concentration factor (Case study: Bighard, Khonj)
Ehsan Kamali Maskooni Seyed Fakhadin AfzaliBackground and Objective: Existence of water and soil salinity resources in arid and semiarid areas is an issue that affects agriculture and poses many problems. The adverse effect of water and soil salinity on growth and function of various crops in arid areas is a ser MoreBackground and Objective: Existence of water and soil salinity resources in arid and semiarid areas is an issue that affects agriculture and poses many problems. The adverse effect of water and soil salinity on growth and function of various crops in arid areas is a serious concern. The main objective of this study was to survey the impact of irrigation with different salinities on the changes in some soil properties in top soil. Method: For this purpose, 10 land transects in farmlands with different quality of irrigation were sampled at intervals of 6 m (15 samples). Parameters of electrical conductivity, field moisture content and saturation water content were measured for each sample, and then the salt concentration factor (SCF) was evaluated. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant relationship (R2>90) between ECe and ECw and between saturation water content and field moisture content in the whole lands which underwent transect sampling. The results also indicated that there is a significant relationship (R2>90) between the SCF and saturation water content in the whole lands that underwent transect sampling. Discussion and Conclusion: In general, the results of this study indicated that soil salinity was mainly influenced by water quality and poor water quality could change the physical properties of soil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Urban Flood Hazard Zoning Using Multicriteria Decision Analysis (Emam Ali town, Mashhad city)
Mohammad Rostami Khalaj Dana Hesami Hossein salmani Teymor TymoriyanBackground and Objective: Inundation in urban areas due to dens storm has created many problems for all cities thorough the world. Urban flood hazard zoning may provide useful information for dealing with contingency and alleviating risk and loss of life and property.The MoreBackground and Objective: Inundation in urban areas due to dens storm has created many problems for all cities thorough the world. Urban flood hazard zoning may provide useful information for dealing with contingency and alleviating risk and loss of life and property.Therefore, in order to manage urban areas, take relief measures and prioritize areas to solve the problem of floods, the areas that are most affected should be identified. Method: Vulnerability of urban areas often includes multicriteria that are associated with flooding. One of the methods that are sufficiently accurate and available which can identify flood hazard zoning, is using multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) that in this study was used to determine the potential of flood risk in urban area. Six variables include: distance to the main channel, slopes, land use, drainage density, slope of the main channel and elevation was used. After determining paired comparison matrix, layers weight was determined by using the knowledge of experts and experts in the region and finally the map of urban flood hazard were identified. Findings: Hazard Potential Map showed that 8.2% of the areas near to the outlet and located around the main channel are at highest hazard potential. Discussion and Conclusion: The results and field investigation showed multicriteria decision analysis is accurate and appropriate method for urban flood hazard zoning and using this method can identify areas with a greater flooding risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Evaluation of Ecological Potential of Tajyar Dam Catchment Basin for Forestry Use by AHP Method
Nafiseh Rezapoor Andabili Farahnaz RashidiBackground and Objective: Ecological planning is the logical solution to breaking the cycle of community poverty and environmental crisis and creating the necessary framework for sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecological potential MoreBackground and Objective: Ecological planning is the logical solution to breaking the cycle of community poverty and environmental crisis and creating the necessary framework for sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ecological potential of forestry use in Tajyar dam watershed in East Azarbaijan province and to evaluate the current adaptation of forestry use to the ecological potential of the area for this use. Method: In this investigation, firstly, criteria and sub criteria were selected through investigation of different resources and obtaining needed standards. Then, using Delphi’s questioner the criteria and sub criteria were weighted and AHP was used to weight the criteria. Finally all layers were combined using weighted combination method and the area’s final map of ecological potential was prepared. Findings: Considering the investigations carried out in this field, three potentials of low, moderate and high dedicated 3752 hectares (35%), 3282 hectares (31%) and 3627 hectares (34%), respectively, of total 10898 area of the study land. In general, only 3.87% of the area is used appropriately with its ecological potential for forestry use. Discussion and Conclusion: Findings of the study indicated that combination of AHP and GIS has higher capability of evaluating ecological potential of the land for forestry use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Recreational Zone Classification of Hassan Abad Forest Park Using Multi-Criteria Analysis and Model Makhdoom
Parvin Dashti Iraj Hassanzad Navroodi مهرداد خان محمدی Jahedeh TekiekhahBackground and Objective: Recreation use assessment is considered as an important tool for sustainable tourism development and also ecotourism management development causes local economic growth and biodiversity conservation‎.The main objective of this study is to i MoreBackground and Objective: Recreation use assessment is considered as an important tool for sustainable tourism development and also ecotourism management development causes local economic growth and biodiversity conservation‎.The main objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the potential ecotourism site in Hassanabad forest park. Method: Analysis system Makhdoom and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with Geographic Information System (GIS) was used. In AHP method after identification effective factors on recreational potential, a matrix is formed and factors were compared by the experts in the form of questionnaire. Next factors were weighed and ranked the regions for recreational potential. In Makhdoom method after identifying ecological sources, the data were collected and analyzed to ecological homogenous units. Finally the map of final resorting capacity was provided by comparing ecological traits of each unit with Makhdoom tourism ecological model. Eventually maps obtained by the two methods in GIS were overlapped. Findings: Results of AHP model showed that the total area of the park (434/6 ha) has recreational potential of medium to high class. This area has no zone with very low recreational potential. In makhdoom method, this area includes all of recreational classes except concentrated recreational potential zone of first class. Discussion and Conclusion: In both methods, the recreational potential classes have 50% overlapping. Since after applying two methods, the park has no inappropriate zones for tourism, this area is suitable for the development of ecotourism plans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Energy Flow and Greenhouse Gases Emission of Crop Production Systems in South Khorasan Province
hamed javadi Seyed Mohammad Jafar EsfahaniBackground and Objective: In recent years, excessive use of agricultural inputs has increased energy consumption and greenhouse emissions. This study aims to investigate the energy flow and greenhouse gases emissions in the production systems of some crops in South Khor MoreBackground and Objective: In recent years, excessive use of agricultural inputs has increased energy consumption and greenhouse emissions. This study aims to investigate the energy flow and greenhouse gases emissions in the production systems of some crops in South Khorasan province. Material and Methodology: In the current research, a questionnaire, as well as face-to-face interviews with the farmers in this region (2018), were used to collect the required information, including agricultural operations, the type and amount of consumed inputs and product performance. In the present research, input energy, output energy, net energy, specific energy, optimal energy consumption, energy efficiency indices, different forms of energy, and Global warming potential were calculated and evaluated. Findings: The results showed that the process of alfalfa production had the highest energy consumption. On the other hand, Sugar beet (571,200 MJ.ha-1), fodder sorghum (391,920 MJ.ha-1) and alfalfa (120,870 MJ.ha-1) have the highest energy output, respectively. A comparison of the studied products showed that rapeseed (27.6 MJ.kg-1) and cotton (15.3 MJ.kg-1) have the maximum specific energy index. The ecosystems of alfalfa (41566 kg CO2eq.ha-1), sugar beet (29179 kg CO2eq.ha-1), fodder sorghum (27396 kg CO2eq.ha-1) had the maximum of global warming potential (GWP), respectively. Comparing the share of different inputs from the total global warming potential of the products showed that electricity, nitrogen fertilizer, and diesel play the greatest role in greenhouse gas emissions in all the studied products. Discussion and Conclusions: Since electricity and nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest role in the greenhouse gases emission from crops in South Khorasan province, management and optimization of irrigation performance and appropriate agricultural activities such as green manure crops or legumes cultivation to increase soil fertility, can be a solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the South Khorasan region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Identify potentials and compiling a strategic tourism development plan using the integrated approach of SWOT and AHP Analysis (Case study area: Oshtorankh Protected Area)
Ebrahim Kheyri maryam morovati Akram Neshat Gholamreza SiahatiBackground and Purpose: The protected area can provide broad areas for tourism industry development which be available to planners, executive and local people. In this research, the tourism potential of Oshtrankouh protected area and the appropriate strategies for touri MoreBackground and Purpose: The protected area can provide broad areas for tourism industry development which be available to planners, executive and local people. In this research, the tourism potential of Oshtrankouh protected area and the appropriate strategies for tourism development have been addressed.Methods and Materials: Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were identified using the SWOT model, after field visits, interviews with experts and local communities, and distributed between experts, environmentalists and tourists in the form of a questionnaire. Then, weighing and prioritizing criteria and sub criteria were carried out by the AHP matrix to provide strategies for tourism development.Results: Strengths with a weight score of 0.313, weaknesses with a score of 0.376, opportunities with a weight of 0.148 and threats with a weight score of 0.163 were identified. To determine the strategies, the defensive strategy with a score of 0.539 with the highest score and review strategy, diversity strategy and aggressive strategy were ranked in the order, respectively.Discussion and Conclusion: The current status of the tourism in Oshtaranku Protected area is not proportional to its potential and capabilities and planning sustainable tourism is essential for real protection of the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - CO2 emissions reduction by using local mineral pozzolan as part of cement in concrete with a pollution reduction approach
Mojtaba Rangrazian Rahmat Madandoust Reza Mahjoub Mehdi RaftariBackground and Objective: Global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, mainly (CO2). Reducing greenhouse gases and monitoring the environment are important goals of today's mankind. Cement factories are the main producers of greenhouse gases. The main g MoreBackground and Objective: Global warming is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, mainly (CO2). Reducing greenhouse gases and monitoring the environment are important goals of today's mankind. Cement factories are the main producers of greenhouse gases. The main goal of this research is to find a material with cement properties (pozzolan) that can be replaced in a part of concrete cement with the aim of reducing cement consumption and reducing CO2 greenhouse gas emissions. The local mineral pozzolan under research has similar properties to world-famous pozzolans and has the relevant standards.Material and Methodology: To find the optimal amount of pozzolan in the concrete, In Sep. 2021, four cases of 5, 10, 15 and 20% by weight was studied and its effect on concrete compressive strength and CO2 emissions and its ability to reduce pollution Environmental was evaluated in comparison with conventional cement concrete. Findings: Experiments showed that the best amount of replacement of this pozzolan to cement in concrete is 15% by weight and increases the strength by 2.4%. Also, this pozzolan emits less CO2 than normal cement concrete equal to 15.20 kg/m3.Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the favorable effects of this pozzolan in strengthening the structure and reducing the consumption of cement in concrete, it can be introduced as a cement-reducing and environmentally friendly material. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Potential for Ecotourism Sarigol National Park and Preserve Using GIS
Atefeh kalate Zahra ghelichipour Elahe Akbari Azam Elhami RadBackground and Objectives: Tourism development in protected areas creates many benefits for area management as well as the visitors. However, it should be considered that tourism without appropriate planning and management and assessment of the area’s potential ca MoreBackground and Objectives: Tourism development in protected areas creates many benefits for area management as well as the visitors. However, it should be considered that tourism without appropriate planning and management and assessment of the area’s potential can result in negative impacts on the protected area and tourists’ experiences. The aim of this study was to identify suitable areas with potential for the development of ecotourism in protected areas. Sarigol National Park and protected area as one of the protected area in IRAN, involve considerable tourism attractions, so it should be carefully planned for ecotourism development.Method: Since the objective of this research is to identify and zoning suitable areas for ecotourism, analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and GIS technology have been used to determine suitable areas for tourism. The factors used include topography, climate, wildlife habitat, and soil and vegetation type and vegetation density. The ecological map of the region was produced by AHP and the Fuzzy-AHP method by considering these factors. Also, the attraction map area was obtained by GPS points gathering and weighting through a questionnaire and GIS software. Then, by comparing this map and ecological potential map, the appropriate areas have been zoned for ecotourism. Results: The results show that the areas with very high potential are located in the parts including Northwest, Northeast and Southwest. Areas with high power also include areas such as Easy Waterfall, Esfarayen Dam, Ganjdan Valley and Bidvaz Valley. In the attraction map, the most attractiveness is related to the Northern parts and some Southern parts of the region, such as Easy Waterfall. Comparing the ecological potential map and the attractiveness map, it was found that most of the areas that have high attractiveness also have high potential for ecotourism development. Therefore, it illustrated that there is ability to develop ecotourism in the Northern region of the National Park, Easy waterfall and some areas of national park. These areas also have high ecological power and are attractive for ecotourism development.Discussion and Conclusion: The development of tourism in Sarigol Protected Area is in the interest of the region and the environment and promotes the level of protection and sustainable use of talents. But in protected areas, protection should be the first priority of management, and other permitted uses, including tourism, can only be done if they do not conflict with conservation objectives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Study of vertical potential temperature gradient during a few acute air pollution episode in Tehran
Tahereh Ghassami Ali Akbar Bidokhti Abdollah Sedaghat Kerdar Fatemeh SahraianThe potential temperature of an air parcel is defined as the temperature which the parcel of air would have if it changed adiabatically from its existing pressure P and temperature T to a standard pressure P0 (generally taken as 1000 mb). Generally, the vertical gradie MoreThe potential temperature of an air parcel is defined as the temperature which the parcel of air would have if it changed adiabatically from its existing pressure P and temperature T to a standard pressure P0 (generally taken as 1000 mb). Generally, the vertical gradient of potential temperature is used to determine the stability of the air parcel. In this study diurnal variation of potential temperature gradients in the planetary boundary layer of Tehran was considered in two cases, a (convective condition during the day), b (stable condition at night).The data were taken from the air pollution monitoring stations of Tehran for a few acute air pollution episodes in Nov. and Sep. 2001 and Dec.2002. By calculating, three different categories of temperature inversion were found, namely, high, moderate, and weak. We also showed that there is a good correlation between the variation of maximum concentration of NOX, SO2, CO and the potential temperature gradient. This correlation coefficient is about 0.4. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Effect of Redox Potential on Changing of Binding Forms of Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Anzali International Wetland
Mohsen Saeedi Mohammad FakhariBackground and Objective: Heavy metals are naturally presented in different chemical bonds within sediment. Different factors affect metals bonding in sediment. One of those factors is changing in Redox potential. Redox potential may change under oxic/anoxic conditions MoreBackground and Objective: Heavy metals are naturally presented in different chemical bonds within sediment. Different factors affect metals bonding in sediment. One of those factors is changing in Redox potential. Redox potential may change under oxic/anoxic conditions in the bottom sediments. Method: In the present study the effect of redox potential on fractionation and bonding of metals within Anzali international wetland bottom sediment is investigated. Findings: Sediment samples of Anzali wetland were aerated for one month and redox potential and pH was measured at 0, 1, 7, 21, and 28th days. Subsamples of sediments at mentioned days of experiments were taken and analyzed for Cu, Zn, Ni, and Cr for deferent chemical bonds using sequential extraction analysis. Discussion and Conclusion: Results revealed that majority of Cu were presented in the sulfidic/organic bonds while Zn was associated with Fe/Mn oxides. Nickel and Cr were mostly associated in hard residual bonds. At the end of aeration process, with increasing redox potential, 8-23% of metals were released from sediments into dissolved phase. They mainly released from sulfide/organic bonds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Study of corrosion potential in drinking water distribution system of Ahvaz, using Lead and Copper Rule
Nematollah Jaafarzadeh Jasem Savari Amir Hesam Hassani Ghodratollah Shams Khoram AbadiLead and Copper Rule is one of the indirect methods which is applied to determine the corrosion potential in drinking water distribution networks. The objective of this study is to determine the corrosion potential ofAhvazdrinking water distribution network. In th MoreLead and Copper Rule is one of the indirect methods which is applied to determine the corrosion potential in drinking water distribution networks. The objective of this study is to determine the corrosion potential ofAhvazdrinking water distribution network. In this study, 76 sample sites were selected. The sites were the inlets and outlets ofAhvazwater treatment plants as well as the consumers’ houses cold water taps. The samples were taken after a minimum detention time of 6 hours. The concentration of lead, zinc and copper was determined through atomic absorption technique. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5 for statistical tests. The averages of six rounds of corrosion measurement are as follows: lead (8.48 μg/l), copper (168 μg/l), and zinc (3180 μg/l). Also, 16.67 and 27.27 percent of the samples have concentrations higher than USEPA standards for lead (15 μg/l) and zinc (5,000 μg/l), respectively, and lower than the standard (1300 μg/l) for copper in drinking water ofAhvaz. According to Lead and Copper Rule, since 10 percent of the samples have lead and zinc concentrations higher than USEPA standards, the drinking water of Ahvaz is considered corrosive, and the possibility of leakage of heavy metals such as lead and zinc into the city’s drinking water exists. The results of the study revealed that Lead and Copper Rule could be used easily for the determination of corrosion potential in drinking water distribution networks; therefore, with the application of this method, there is no need for the imprecise and complicated calculations of the existing routine methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Daily Stream Flow Simulation in a Data-Poor Basin
Mohammad Reza Khazaei Bagher Zahabiyoun Bahram SaghafianIntroduction: Rainfall-runoff modeling is one of the keystones of scientific hydrology andenvironmental management. Therefore the researchers continuously try to find new approaches forimprovement of existing models or modeling methodologies.Material and Methods: In thi MoreIntroduction: Rainfall-runoff modeling is one of the keystones of scientific hydrology andenvironmental management. Therefore the researchers continuously try to find new approaches forimprovement of existing models or modeling methodologies.Material and Methods: In this paper, daily stream flow at the outlet of a watershed in southwesternIran was simulated using a conceptual continuous rainfall-runoff model. In encountering with theproblem of poor quality data, required data such as runoff, rainfall and PET were prepared using aspecific approach.Results and Discussion: The results showed that the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency was 0.80 and thecoefficient of determination was 0.82 during calibration and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency was 0.83and the coefficient of determination was 0.83 during validation. Furthermore statistics of observedstream flow were preserved in simulated stream flow. The results showed that this approach issuccessfully applicable for daily rainfall-runoff modeling when the quality of the input data is notadequate Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Investigation of Empowerment of Rural Women in Environmental Protection
Akramolok lahijanian Narjes VaskoeiAbstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of rural women in protecting the environment. Statistical population of women 60-12 years old Marzanabad village in Mazandaran province, 75 945 people. Methods: Of 165 randomly selected regularly MoreAbstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of rural women in protecting the environment. Statistical population of women 60-12 years old Marzanabad village in Mazandaran province, 75 945 people. Methods: Of 165 randomly selected regularly from the village of Marzan-Abad province. The data library, questionnaires and interviews were collected. The questionnaire included 13 questions with answers related to the goals of open and closed primary and secondary research. Indicators to measure the size and financial structure and Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses. Study hypotheses include 1. The social, economic and cultural environment to promote women effectively. 2. Recognition of Women Consciousness in the environment is associated with the management .3- women's empowerment leads to environmental protection. 4. Learning Environment women leads to behavior change in consumption pattern. Findings and Results: The positive relationship between the social, economic and cultural rights of women, recognizing the environmental awareness of women, the empowerment of women in environmental protection, and the role of women in environmental management has shown. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Investigating the Potential of Biogas and Energy Generation from Biomass Resources in Villages of Iran with Sustainable Development Approach
Maliheh Fallahnejad Tafti Mohammadali Abdoli Farshad Golbabaei KootenaeiAbstract Background and Objective: Energy crisis is the most important crisis threatening mankind. Recently, using biogas has been put under focus due to the problems caused by widespread dependence to oil and scarcity of energy resources. In addition, using biogas as a MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Energy crisis is the most important crisis threatening mankind. Recently, using biogas has been put under focus due to the problems caused by widespread dependence to oil and scarcity of energy resources. In addition, using biogas as a fuel supply can saliently reduce greenhouse gases and consequently reduce global warming. Also, other advantages of biogas generation from biomass resources are waste minimization and sanitary manure generation. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential of biogas and energy production from biomass resources in the villages of Iran with anapproach to supply energy at the consumption place and to reduce transportation costs. Method: In this study, potential of biogas production from cattle refuse is evaluated according to the numbers of cattle existing in Iran villages and determination of cattle refuse quantity. Results: Results show that 11.195 million m3 biogas can be produced from 63 million cattle in villages of Iran. The extractable biogas from rustic biodegradable wastes was also determined. It was found that, annually, 487 million m3 biogas can be produced from 1249000 tons of waste per. Conclusion: Generally, this study revealed that biogas and energy generation from biomass resources in villages of Iran with an approach to supply energy at the consumption place and to reduce transportation costs has economical efficiency and can be as a national strategy for achieving sustainable development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Investment Opportunity Evaluation by Analyzing the Effective Financial Structure on Company Value
Zahra Amir- Hossieni Masoumeh GhobadiRegarding to the requirement of making decisions related to buy or invest in new economic institutions along with correct and detailed information about their status and economic development circumstances, the estimated potential investment identifies its role and impli MoreRegarding to the requirement of making decisions related to buy or invest in new economic institutions along with correct and detailed information about their status and economic development circumstances, the estimated potential investment identifies its role and implication ever better. Recognizing the effectiveness created by the financing strategy on organizational values, alongside the factors playing a key role in the process of evaluating the financial structure are urgent elements lead to the success of such an scheme. This research aims to draw a series of mathematical models which could be used as instruments for defining the quantification of the impacts generated by the financial structure on the companies’ value based on a sample consisted of 75 companies quoted in Tehran Stock Exchange regarding to the weight of their activities in gaining Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 1391(solar year). Simultaneously, this study tries to determine the internal factors that are specific to the company and characterize the feature of the financial structure and intensity of their performance upon financial leverage as well. For getting results, methods of data analysis were used such as: ratio technique, linear regression analysis or alternative independent variables, ANCOVA type. Data processing was accomplished using SPSS21 and AMOS20 statistical software. The results represent that there is a positive relation between the ratio of financial self-independence and dividend ratio of the company value in one hand, and negative relationship between debt ratios and value of the firm in the other hand. Also, increased ratio of financial self-independence and the cash ratio decrease financial leverage, while, increased return of assets and the ratio of intangible fixed assets will increase financial one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Analysis of factors affecting expected stock returns based on the implied cost of capital
Azita Jahanshad Mahmood ParsaeiExpected return on equity is an important variable in the analysis of financial firms. Accurate measurement of this variable and its determinants is one of the most important issues in financial research. Due to inefficient estimates of the expected return on realized MoreExpected return on equity is an important variable in the analysis of financial firms. Accurate measurement of this variable and its determinants is one of the most important issues in financial research. Due to inefficient estimates of the expected return on realized returns, accounting and financial studies have suggested an alternative approach to estimating expected returns. This approach implied cost of capital (ICC) called on the firm's internal rate of return that the firm's stock price equals the present value of future cash flows expected return. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of expected returns estimated based on implied cost of capital for listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange is 89. The determinants of expected returns in previous research, several factors as independent variables and controls included liquidity, long-term return on investment, growth potential, the level of stock prices, value companies, financial leverage, firm size and systematic risk in was used. Multivariate statistical methods to test the hypotheses were used. The results indicate that the liquidity, growth potential, the level of stock prices, firm size and firm value estimated in accordance with the expected returns implied cost of capital models, positive significant relationship exists. Also, a significant negative relationship between long-term reversal of capital, financial leverage and systemic risk with expected return implied cost of capital estimates are based on the reverse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Potential prediction of Methane production from landfill in Iranian metropolises (Tehran, Shiraz, Mashhad, Esfahan, Karaj)
Narges Mohseni Ghasem Ali Omrani Seyed Amir Naser HaratiEnergy recovery from waste is an important and appropriate method for reduction of electrical energy generated from fossil fuel and nonrenewable source of energy. Assessment and prediction of production and emission gas from landfill is important to design of this sites MoreEnergy recovery from waste is an important and appropriate method for reduction of electrical energy generated from fossil fuel and nonrenewable source of energy. Assessment and prediction of production and emission gas from landfill is important to design of this sites and successful use for Methane as a sources of energy. In this study is used from LandGEM v302 software and it is applied volume percentage 61% Methane and it is calculated 164 m3/Mg constant of potential production of landfill Gas for Tehran, Shiraz, Mashhad, Esfahan, Karaj cities and rate constant of methane production 0,06 and considered gas emission and pollutants in those sites. At last, sensitive analyze with different k (distract rate) showed that rate of methane and carbon dioxide from these 5 landfills are 11.15× 107, 8.25×107 m3/year. Also in Tehran landfill 934554 tone Co2 will produce and in Shiraz and Karaj 1.5×106CH4, 9.6×10 5 Co2 m3/year and in Esfahan site 8.46×106 CH4 m3/year and in Mashhad site 3.37×107CH4, 1.72×107CO2 was estimated. Pollutants consist of Vinil colored, Botan, Carbon di sulfide, Choloro di feleoro methane, Banzen, Di choro di feleoro methane, Di choro feleoro methane, Pentane, Hexane,Xylen were over limited standard. Attention to high rate of methane in Iran’s Landfills and piping operations for gas extraction in these sites, will be best alternative for eliminating of this greenhouse gas with applied used from this gas with treatment of it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Evaluation of Corrosion and precipitation potential in Ghaemshahr, s Village Drinking Water
Maryam Khademian Ghadekolai Mostafa zamani Fateme Ghafari Mohamadreza rahimi Samaneh mahmoodporCorrosion and precipitation are the most important factors in the quality control of drinking water networks play an important role in the transmission system and distribution of water in transmission system and the distribution of water in terms of health and economic MoreCorrosion and precipitation are the most important factors in the quality control of drinking water networks play an important role in the transmission system and distribution of water in transmission system and the distribution of water in terms of health and economic aspects can play.The aim of this study was to determine the potential for corrosion and perecipitation of drinking water used in Ghaemshahr villages, that was done in 2015. Physical and chemical quality samples and the potential for corrosion and precipitation were determined by Langlier, Rayzner, Puckorious, Aggressiveness, and Larsson. Results indicate that mean and standard variation for Langlier index is 0.052 and 0.43, for Rayzer index is 6.99 and 0.78 for aggressiveness index is 5.85 and 0.81 for Larsson indexrespectivity is 0.47 and 0.24. According to these finding it was concluded that drinking water of Ghaemshahr villages was mild precipitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Microalgal Biodiversity as a Biotechnology and Environmental Potential
Maryam Akhoundian Seyed Danial MirhasanniaMicroalgae is a group of highly versatile aquatic plants that nowadays have achieved a wide range of applications in the science of biotechnology. These microscopic photosynthesizers, despite performing an effective role in the oxygen production on the earth, due to the MoreMicroalgae is a group of highly versatile aquatic plants that nowadays have achieved a wide range of applications in the science of biotechnology. These microscopic photosynthesizers, despite performing an effective role in the oxygen production on the earth, due to their high distribution and frequency are almost found in the entire ecosystems on the globe. The high nutritional value and even potential of these microscopic plants in the production of bioactive compounds with varied food and medicinal usages, also as primary raw materials for the extraction of sustainable biofuels (biodiesel), besides their application in monitoring and refinement of environmental pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides and herbicides; have nestled these small scale plants in the spotlight of the countless researchers worldwide. Although, globally several researches have been focused on the biotechnological potentials of microalgae, but it seems that so far in our country, the considerable efficiency has not been provided to this valuable resource. Therefore, this article is an overview of the microalgal potential to use in modern biotechnology and can attract the attention of researchers to carry out research in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Methods of modeling and evaluation of fire occurrence risk in the forests of world and Iran
Saeedeh EskandariThe growing trend of forest fires necessitates presentation of a solution to predict and control them. Fire occurrence modeling with attention to all effective factors, is a proper solution to predict the fire occurrence in the forests because many factors affect on for MoreThe growing trend of forest fires necessitates presentation of a solution to predict and control them. Fire occurrence modeling with attention to all effective factors, is a proper solution to predict the fire occurrence in the forests because many factors affect on forest fire occurrence. This study has been done to investigate the different methods of fire modeling and fire risk assessment in forests of the world and Iran. Investigation of the researches implemented in Iran shows that the studies about fire risk potential evaluation in Iran have been limited and AHP has been used to weigh the effective factors in forest fire in most of these studies. Conclusion of researches implemented in the world shows that vegetation type, slope, aspect, distance from roads, topography and land use, have been the most effective factors in modeling of fire occurrence and integration of digital layers has often been based on a hierarchy and a risk coefficient in fire occurrence. The past actual fires map has been compared with the fire risk map to assess the accuracy of models used in provision of fire risk potential map. Logistic regression and decision-making tree algorithm have been used to select the effective variables in fire and to model the fire risk in some new studies. Integration of fuzzy inference system and neural network, neural intelligence and support vector machine has been used to predict the future fires in some advanced methods. Multi-criteria analysis is a subject used in the new studies and organization of the criteria in a spatial model using GIS has had the good results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Experimental and Theoretical Study on One-pot, Synthesis of Some 4-Aryl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydroquinazolin-2,5(1H,6H)-diones Derivatives (HHQs) using Nano K3AlF6
Masoumeh Mehrabi Asadollah Farhadi Alireza Kiassat -
Open Access Article
85 - Effect of Formaldehyde on Pulsed Electro-Plated Nickel-Alumina Nanocomposite Coatings
S Mirzamohammadi M Velashjerdi A Anbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
86 - The Potential of Agh-Ghala geological site and its Role in sustainable tourism development
Parvaneh Rezaei Rouzbahani -
Open Access Article
87 - Analysis of Ecotourism Market in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiyari Province, IRAN
Farahnaz Ebrahimi Vahid Etemad -
Open Access Article
88 - The investigation of Allelopathic potential of 70 wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars on germination and seedling growth of volunteer canola (Brassica napus)
Narges Mohamadi Elias Soltani Mostafa Oveisi Hossein RamshiniAllelopathic effects of plant can be one of the best ways to reduce the applying of herbicides which are high costly to register and have environmental effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of wheat cultivars and to identi MoreAllelopathic effects of plant can be one of the best ways to reduce the applying of herbicides which are high costly to register and have environmental effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic effects of wheat cultivars and to identify the ability of them to control weeds. a field and laboratory experiment was conducted in Research Farm and Seed Technology laboratory of Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, during 2015-16. Seeds of 70 wheat cultivars were sown at 600 square meters of Research Farm and samples were taken for bioassay at the tillering stage. To separate the impact of allelopathic extract and osmotic potential of the extracts, different solutions were made with the same osmotic potential for each extract. Then, experiments simultaneously were conducted to investigate the effects of extract and osmotic potential on germination of canola. The results of separations of allelopathic and osmotic potential effects of extractions showed that the inhibition of canola germination is related to allelopathic effects and not osmotic potential of extraction (PEG). Results indicated that allelopathic effects of wheat cultivars had slightly increased during the releasing period of cultivars from 1940 until now, but this increase was not significant. This shows that breeders had not attention to allelopathy of wheat cultivars during breeding programs. Results indicated that there were some cultivars with high allelopathy and it is possible to include them in breeding programs to produce cultivars with high potential of weeds control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Calculation of radiative transition parameters for the band system of B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ of N_2 molecule and 〖A^2∏〗_u-X^2 ∑_g^+ , B^2 ∑_u^+- X^2 ∑_g^+ , and B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ systems of N_2^+ molecular ion using empirical potential energy functions
Farzanehsadat Ghalishourani Mahsasadat Miralinaghi Mohsen ShabaniDetailed shape of the potential energy curve is peculiar to each diatomic molecule, so a universal potential function which gives a good representation for all bound electronic states of all diatomic molecules has not been yet constructed. In this study, some empirical MoreDetailed shape of the potential energy curve is peculiar to each diatomic molecule, so a universal potential function which gives a good representation for all bound electronic states of all diatomic molecules has not been yet constructed. In this study, some empirical potential functions such as Morse, Frost-Musulin, Wie-Hua, and Hulbert-Hirschfelder are constructed and used for the solving the nuclear Schrodinger equations of different electronic states in N2 and N_2^+ molecules. Level computer program which was based on Cooley-Numerove algorithm has been employed for carrying out the calculations. By comparison of obtained vibrational energies for A^3 ∑_u^+, X^1 ∑_g^+, B^3 ∏_g electronic states of N_2 and B^2 ∑^+, X^2 ∑_g^+, A2∏_u electronic states of N_2^+ with the experimental ones, the accuracy rate of potential functions is determined as well as their deviation percentages from RKR values. Furthermore, radiative parameters such as transition wavenumbers and Franck-Condon factors are calculated for the band system of B^3 ∏_g-A^3 ∑_u^+ of N_2 and for the band systems of A^2 ∏_u-X^2 ∑_g^+, B^2 ∑_u^+-X^2 ∑_g^+ , B^2 ∑_u^+-A^2 ∏_u of N_2^+. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A theoretical study on the nature of formaldehyde adsroption on the C58BN heterofullerene using DFT
Ehsan Zahedi majid mozaffari Malihe ArabIn this research adsorption of formaldehyde on the external surface heterofullerene C58BN has been studied by means of density functional theory using the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. Total electronic energies have been corrected by addition of two gCP and D3 correct MoreIn this research adsorption of formaldehyde on the external surface heterofullerene C58BN has been studied by means of density functional theory using the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. Total electronic energies have been corrected by addition of two gCP and D3 correction terms. Adsorption of formaldehyde via the bonding of oxygen atom to boron and carbon atom to nitrogen leads to the delocalization of oxygen lone pairs to the empty orbital of boron atom, formation of a strong covalent bond and consequently stability of system. Topological parameters based on the AIM theory, density of state spectrums, and the maps of molecular electrostatic potentials indicated that the adsorption of formaldehyde on the studied positions are covalent in nature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Preform and Process Design of Ti-6Al-4V Compressor Blade using Equipotential Lines and 3D FE Simulation
M. Soleimanzadeh M.M. Fallah -
Open Access Article
92 - Understanding the phytochemical constitution, antioxidant potential and spectral characteristics of aqueous extracts of the chosen leafy vegetables from south India
Sobha Kota Pradeep Dumpala Hariseetharam Prasad Dachepalli Anantha Ratna Kumari -
Open Access Article
93 - A mini review on therapeutic potentials of Phyllanthus niruri L.
Jeevani Maheshika Dahanayake Pathirage Kamal Perera Priyadarshani Galappaththy Menuka Arawwawala -
Open Access Article
94 - Phytoconstituents of Chromolaena odorata (L.) leaf extract for the synthesis of copper oxide/copper nanoparticles and evaluation of their biological potential in wound healing
Sobha Kota Pradeep Dumpala Radhika Sajja Ratnakumari Anantha -
Open Access Article
95 - Modeling the Causal Relationships Between Parenting style and communication pattern Family, Commitment School and Self-esteem on Potential to Addiction among Secondary school Girls in Abadan
شهلا ذهبیون محبوبه سادات حسینی سلطان نصیرThis study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between family, school and self-esteem on potential to addiction among first grade high school female students In the academic year 93-1392. Research statistical population was consisted of female students in Abad MoreThis study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between family, school and self-esteem on potential to addiction among first grade high school female students In the academic year 93-1392. Research statistical population was consisted of female students in Abadan high schools which among them 518 persons were selected multi-stage cluster sampling method as a sample. The instruments consisted of 5 questionnaires Potential to addiction Zargar (2006), Perceived parenting styles ((EMBU-S Dirik, Yorulmaz & Karanci (2014), Patterns of family communication Fitzpatrich & Ritchie (1994), Self-esteem Rosenberg (1965) and Commitment to school Mohammad khani (2007). SPSS and AMOS software were used for path analysis to assess the causal modeling. The results showed that there was a direct relationship < /font> between the components of the parenting style of warmth, overprotection and rejection with potential to addiction. In addition, conversation of the family communication patterns have direct and conformity have indirect relationship < /font> with potential to addiction. As well, There was direct and indirect relationships between school's commitment with potential so as to addiction. According to the results, designed preventive interventions can prevent potential to addiction to improve relations among family and adolescents and to strengthen the emotional bond between parents and adolescents and to create belonging and commitment to school in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Relationship Between Aggression, Assertiveness, Depression and Addiction Potential In Female Students of Allameh Tabbatabai
mehrdad hajihasani abdollah shafiabadi fahime PIRSAGHI Omar Kiyani pourThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between aggression, assertiveness, depression and addiction potential in female students of Allameh Tabbatabai. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 girls were chosen by available s MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between aggression, assertiveness, depression and addiction potential in female students of Allameh Tabbatabai. The research method was correlational-survey and a total of 150 girls were chosen by available sampling. Data was collected by Ahvaz Aggression Questionnaire (AGQ), Gambril & Rigy Assertiveness questionnaire , Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Zargari Addiction Potential Questionnaire. Then, data was analyzed via correlation , SD, frequency, mode and regression analysis. Results showed that the relationship between aggression, assertiveness, depression and addiction potential was significant . (P < 0.01) . The results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that linear combination of aggression, assertiveness and depression can predict the Addiction Potential (P < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - CLT in Prospect Series: A Predictive Evaluation of Iranian Junior High School English Textbooks
Ahmad Goodarzi Hiwa Weisi Nouroddin Yousofi -
Open Access Article
98 - Assessing the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by using geographic information system in Char-Bagh summer rangelands, Golestan
Reza Yari Gholam Ali Heshmati Hamed RafieiThe aim of this study is to assess the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by geographic information system (GIS) in 2015 in Char-Bagh summer rangeland, Golestan. Accordingly, the final model of beekeeping potential of combi MoreThe aim of this study is to assess the potential of beekeeping and determination of attractiveness range plants used bee by geographic information system (GIS) in 2015 in Char-Bagh summer rangeland, Golestan. Accordingly, the final model of beekeeping potential of combining the four main criteria of nectar and pollen composition of plants (20 points), distance from water sources (10 points), roads and access routes (10 points) and the average temperature during the course of beekeeping (10 points) was determined. After the vegetation type’s floristic-physiognomic method, sampling the vegetation types in the area delimitation random-systematic method to deploy 3 transects 300 m and 30 plots were made according to the type of vegetation. Water resources map as well as the road map was drawn using Global position system (GPS), field visit and geographic information system (GIS). Nectar and pollen 134 plant species from 80 genera and 31 plant families’ favorite bee detected. Family Asteraceae, Lamiaceae and Fabaceae, respectively, with 29 (21.8%), 23 (29.17%) and 19 (14.28%) species with the highest frequency nectar and pollen plants in the region. The results showed that plants attractive class II and III, the most appearances (60.9%) and class V least of (2.3%) in the region and with regard to regular visits on the field and during the flowering period May to August are the most plants in Char-Bagh summer rangelands. The results show that using the GIS module beekeeping potential of the pasture area 17.62% (1562.4 hectares) average potential in the floor (S2), 72.41% (6419.76 hectares) on the low potential (S3) and 9.96% (883.5 ha) in the class of potential (N) is located. According to the results area of about 90.03% (7982.17 hectares) has been potential the principles of apiculture, beekeeping can be attempted with the principles and also earn money by reducing grazing pasture helped to revive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Assessment of efficiency of artificial neural network in predicting the trend of desertification processes by using GIS (Case study: Dehloran plain, Ilam)
Soraya Yaghoobi Marzban Faramarzi Haji Karimi Javad SarvarianDesertification is recognized as a main problem in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, identification and prediction of the effective factors in development of desertification are very important for better management of these areas. The main purpose of this study w MoreDesertification is recognized as a main problem in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, identification and prediction of the effective factors in development of desertification are very important for better management of these areas. The main purpose of this study was evaluating the accuracy of an artificial neural network model for predicting the desertification process and selects the most effective criteria on desertification in the Dehloran plain by using the Iranian model for desertification potential assessment (IMDPA). In IMDPA model, water and climatic were selected as effective factors in desertification. In this model, three indicators for climate criteria; annual precipitation, drought index (Standardized precipitation index; SPI and continued drought and for water criteria; ground water table depletion, sodium absorption ratio, Cl, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids were evaluated. Each index was rated using of IMDPA model. Then desertification intensity and criteria maps were prepared using a geometric average for predicting period in ArcGIS®9.3. Final data were entered into neural network to predict. The results showed that the neural network model has a high efficiency for predicting the desertification process in the study area. The accuracy of the model was about 80% and mean square error (MSe) was less than one. In addition, the climate factor and the index of EC were found the most effective variables for predicting the desertification process. In 2015-2016 predicted the most important probable criteria affecting the intensity of desertification were climate and water with weighted average 2 (moderate in sub-class1, 2 and 3), 1.84 (moderate in sub-class 1and 2), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Assessment of desertification intensity using IMDPA method (Case study: Dashte Abbas, Ilam)
Maryam Mombeni Abdol Ali Karamshahi Farzad Azadnia Parviz Garaee Kamran KarimiThe aim of this study was assessed desertification potential of the Dashte Abbas in the semiarid region of Ilam provience18028.8 hectares by using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA) on soil and vegetation cover indicators. The geometric av MoreThe aim of this study was assessed desertification potential of the Dashte Abbas in the semiarid region of Ilam provience18028.8 hectares by using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA) on soil and vegetation cover indicators. The geometric average for each index including effective soil depth, soil texture, electrical conductivity of soil, percent of gravel, the operation of the plant, the revitalization of vegetation and vegetation condition was obtained using ArcGIS®9.3 and the status map of each criteria was prepared. Finally, by combining and determination of geometric mean desertification intensity map was obtained. The desertification intensity map based on soil criteria demonstrated that over 4843 hectares (28.86% of the total area) and 13185 hectares (73.13% of the total area) has been taken in low and moderate classes, respectively. Also the obtained results from geometric average of vegetation cover criteria indices showed that 7005.99 hectares (38.86% of the total area) in the lower classes and 407.45 hectares (2.26% of the total area) and 10615.35 hectares (58.88% of the total area) has been taken in moderation and Severe classes, respectively. The results of the assessment the considered Catteries indicating that vegetation cover criteria with values of 2.6 is the most influential criteria in the severity of desertification in the study area. Accordingly, it can be said that the quantitative value of the desertification intensity of the total area has been taken in moderate class. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Groundwater resource potential of Azna-Aligoudarz plain using environmental variables and frequency ratio (FR) model
Samira Ghorbani Nejad Mania Daneshfar Omid Rahmati Fateme Fallah Ali Haghizade Naser TahmasebipourPopulation increase and excessive use of different water resources, has led to special attention to groundwater resources. In this study, the efficiency of frequency ratio model in groundwater potential mapping in Azna-Aligoudarz plain, Lorestan was investigated. The 11 MorePopulation increase and excessive use of different water resources, has led to special attention to groundwater resources. In this study, the efficiency of frequency ratio model in groundwater potential mapping in Azna-Aligoudarz plain, Lorestan was investigated. The 11 effective groundwater potential factors, (altitude, lithology, curvature, slope, aspect, land use, distance from rivers, drainage density, fault distance, fault density, pedology, topographic wetness index; TWI) were prepared using GIS. The location of 370 wells in the study area with discharge more than 11 (m3/h) was choosed and were divided in two groups of training (70%) and validation (30%) wells. Then the layers of environmental variables were classified and based on the density of wells and frequency ratio model, the weight of each class was determined. Finally, the groundwater potential map was prepared based on the frequency ratio model. Validation of final map was performed using relative operating characteristic (ROC) method. The result shows that the generated groundwater potential map using frequency ratio with 72.1% accuracy value, showed the high ability of this model in groundwater potential mapping. The groundwater potential map of the region showed that classes with a low, moderate, high and very high potential have been estimated to be 210.79, 210.24, 210.29 and 209.24 km2, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Estimate of potential evapotranspiration in Freiman using the priestiley-taylor method and remote sensing technique
Mosayeb Moqbeli Dameneh Seyed Hossein SanaeinejadEvapotranspiration is one of the important components of water balance which is measured and estimated by several methods. Since these methods mainly involve point-by-point measuring and requiring a large amount of grounded data, so they have limitations. In this study, MoreEvapotranspiration is one of the important components of water balance which is measured and estimated by several methods. Since these methods mainly involve point-by-point measuring and requiring a large amount of grounded data, so they have limitations. In this study, potential evapotranspiration for 8 days in 2014, 2015 and 2016 was estimated using the Priestley-Taylor method and remote sensing technique in Fariman area in Khorasan Razavi province using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). To determine the accuracy of the estimates, the results of this study were compared with the FAO Penman-Monteith method (the reference method for estimating potential evapotranspiration). Comparison of the obtained results by the Priestley-Taylor method with the FAO Penman-Monteith method showed that the R2 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are 0.91 and 0.78 mm/d, respectively. This result indicates that the high accuracy of this method in estimating potential evapotranspiration in a semi-arid climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Identification and evaluation of geotourism potential areas with sustainable development approach (Case study: mount Damavand areas in Haraz watershed)
Kurdwan Hedayatipour Ghorban Vahabzadeh kebria Sayed Ramezan Musavi integrationthe action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a communityMore (Definitions, Synonyms, Translation) Background and ObjectiveVolcanic Mount Damavand has unique landscapes and special geomorphological phenomena, wildlife diversity, vegetati More integrationthe action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a communityMore (Definitions, Synonyms, Translation) Background and ObjectiveVolcanic Mount Damavand has unique landscapes and special geomorphological phenomena, wildlife diversity, vegetation, and unique climatic conditions and is one of the most important tourist destinations in Mazandaran province. Therefore, the protection of these unique reserves, especially geological phenomena that are the result of millions of year’s global evolution in this region, is important. Therefore, comprehensive national and international planning based on the principles of sustainable development is essential for the continuation of this world heritage. By using valuable tools such as GIS, it is possible to identify prone areas to geotourism development for sustainable development in the region and then apply the evaluation and optimal management. In addition to scientific values, geocomposites have many conservation, cultural, aesthetic, social and economic values. For the comprehensive management of watersheds, it is necessary to consider all the natural and human aspects affecting geotourism. In this study, in order to identify the potential of geotourism, an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been used with the GIS. Materials and Methods Mount Damavand with a height of 5672 meters is located in northern Iran. It is the highest peak in Iran and the Middle East, as well as the highest semi-active volcanic peak in Asia. Damavand is a stratified and semi-active volcanic mountain that was mainly formed during the fourth geological period called the Quaternary and Holocene eras. From the point of view of country divisions, it is located in Amol city of Mazandaran province. Its altitude is 5672 meters above sea level, the average annual rainfall is 540 mm and it is mainly in the form of snow. The climate of this part of the basin is semi-humid climate according to the Koppen method and cold semi-humid climate according to the Ambrege method. In order to determine the effective indices in identifying the potential areas for geotourism development, the study of criteria is divided into two categories of effective criteria and restrictive development. Layers of development obstacles include; rivers and main roads, side roads and inter-rural roads. The effective layers studied along with the relative weight obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire were considered to superimpose the layers with a specific weight for each layer. The results of completing the questionnaire by the audience, to determine the relative weight, information layers were formed in the GIS environment. In this study, using geographic information system (GIS) tools and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, the weighting of effective criteria susceptible areas with geotourism development capability within a radius of 20 km of mount Damavand were performed. Results and Discussion The criteria inconsistency rate is less than 0.1, there is no need to reconsider the judgments. According to the final results obtained from overlaying effective layers in the development of geotourism by the Weighted Overlay function in GIS software, the study area with an area of 1256 square kilometres, after subtracting the restrictive areas, is divided into five classes; very inappropriate, unsuitable, medium, suitable and very suitable. The results showed, that the regions were classified into 5 categories: very inappropriate (1.34%), unsuitable (19.11%), medium (56.44%), suitable (20.94%) and very suitable (2.16%). then, after the field visit, 40 Alternatives were identified and examined in terms of the importance of development potential in the region. Evaluation of 40 Alternatives shows that 25, 40 and 35% of the alternatives have very good, appropriate and average potential, respectively. The results show that most of the susceptible areas with geotourism development capability, are located in the east and southeast of Mount Damavand. This can be caused by the density of various facilities, including villages, cities, roads and rivers, and so on. The high potential areas are more in the north, centre to the southeast of the protected area that has vegetation and forest, water resources and high geomorphological values and low potential areas are more in South and west is the range. This can be seen in the present study. Also, most of the area has medium to high potential, which indicates a good potential of the area. Conclusion One of the main reasons for the lack of integration in determining areas with geotourism potential is the lack of comprehensive and codified scientific criteria and indices. Geotourism, as one of the sub-branches of tourism, is a way to explain various geological and geomorphological concepts, it can be used as an industry for the construction and development of economic geology. In this study, in order to determine the susceptible areas with geotourism development capability with a view to the sustainable development of the region, the studied criteria were determined according to the availability of their information. These layers include; geology, distance from rivers, city, villages, communication roads, altitude, slope and aspect, rainfall and temperature as effective layers and road and river maps were considered as a constraint layer. In different studies, according to the availability of information of each layer in the study area and according to the purpose of the study, the layer of effective criteria and obstacles are different. After a field survey and identifying 40 alternatives, the results of overlaying the identified alternatives with the final potential map showed 35% of the alternatives in areas with very good potential, 40% of the options in areas with good potential, and 25% of the alternatives has medium development potential, respectively. This method is used to exploit natural resources and prepare tourism, welfare maps and can be a key step for the sustainable development of regions, and can provide a key step for the sustainable development of areas prone to tourism with different goals. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.26767082.1400.12.1.1.2 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Effect of Electric Potential Distribution on Electromechanical Behavior of a Piezoelectrically Sandwiched Micro-Beam
A Shah-Mohammadi-Azar G Rezazadeh R Shabani -
Open Access Article
105 - The Attitude of Variation of Elastic Modules in Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Nonlinear Mass-Spring Model
A.R Golkarian M Jabbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
106 - Time-Dependent Thermo-Electro-Mechanical Creep Behavior of Radially Polarized FGPM Rotating Cylinder
A Ghorbanpour Arani R Kolahchi A.A Mosallaie Barzoki A Loghman -
Open Access Article
107 - Displacement Field Due to a Cylindrical Inclusion in a Thermoelastic Half-Space
K Singh M Renu -
Open Access Article
108 - Investigation of Pre-buckling Stress Effect on Buckling Load Determination of Finite Rectangular Plates with Circular Cutout
S Abolghasemi H.R Eipakchi M Shariati -
Open Access Article
109 - Feeding potential and survival of predator, Chrysoperla carnea on greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporarium in laboratory conditions
Zinat Ahmadzadeh Bijan HatamiFeeding potential and survival of predator, Chrysoperla carnea on nymphal population of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporarium were studied in lab conditions. Daily consumption rate of larval different stages of green lacewing on pest nymphs was 16.04±1.74, MoreFeeding potential and survival of predator, Chrysoperla carnea on nymphal population of greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporarium were studied in lab conditions. Daily consumption rate of larval different stages of green lacewing on pest nymphs was 16.04±1.74, 21.5±2.56 & 22.3±1.92 for 1st instar, 2nd instar and 3rd instarrespectively and predator consumpted 215 different stsge nymphs of greenhouse whitefly totally. Survival percent reduced from egg(85%) to 3rd instar(4%) so that not convert to pupariom stage anyone and died. So in spite of enough population of pest, the predator could not complete it, s development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Effects of Sublethal concentrations of fungus Beauveria bassiana on the reproductive potentials of sawtoothed beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis on commercial date cultivars
Masoud Latifian Ebrahim Soleimannejadian Mehran Ghazvi Mohammad Saeid Mosadegh Jamshid HayatiBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of pathogen on reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles MoreBeauveria bassiana (Balsamo) is an entomopathogenic fungus one of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L.. In this study effects of sublethal doses of pathogen on reproductive potential , the amount of oviposition and the percentage of egg hatching of sawtooth beetles were investigated in terms of feeding on three Dates cultivars including Sayer, Zahedi and Deiri long in vitro condition. Adults were treated by 5 sublethal doses including 102, 5×102, 103, 5×103 and 104 Spores in ml and compared by control. Then, the sublethal doses of reduced reproductive potential of each cultivar were calculated by using Log-Probit analysis method. The tested doses of pathogen had decreasing effects on fertility index. The synergist of fungal pathogen and cultivars on reduce fertility rates were gradually by the increasing pathogen doses. Minimum and maximum sublethal doses for reducing the 50 percent amount of oviposition were showed in population grew on Zahedi and Deiri cultivars and equivalent to 1.497×103 and 4.963×103 spores/ml respectively. Minimum and maximum sulethal doses for reduction 50 percent egg hatching were showed in population grew on the Zahedi and Sayer cultivars and, equivalent to 6.316×103 and 8.28×103 spores/ml respectively. The results of this study showed that the fungus B. bassiana had a significant effect in reducing the reproduction potentials. The pathogen ability to reduce the reproduction potentials was in addition depended on the fungi dose and Date cultivars that feeding by the pest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Effect of Drought on Population Dynamic of Volunteer Rape Seed (Brassica napus L.) in Darkness
Asiyeh Siahmarguee Ebrahim Zeynali Elham Azizi Leila AlimoradiIn order to evaluate effects of drought and darkness on secondary dormancy of Brasica napus, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 3 replications. The treatments included 7 various canola (Hyola 60, Hyola 308, Hyola 330, Hyola401, Hyola 420, MoreIn order to evaluate effects of drought and darkness on secondary dormancy of Brasica napus, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with 3 replications. The treatments included 7 various canola (Hyola 60, Hyola 308, Hyola 330, Hyola401, Hyola 420, Sarigol, AA1) and 3 drought levels (control, -1.5 MP water potential and dry seed). Samples were placed inside black cover in growth chamber with 20°c for 2 weeks. Results indicated that the highest and lowest germination percent was observed in Hyola420 and Hyola60, respectively. The percentage of germination of varieties decreased under the different drought levels significantly. The percentage of cumulative germination in total canola varieties under -1.5 MP was more than dry seeds, considerably. In general, in addition to genotype, environmental conditions affect on secondary dormancy potential of seeds. In total varieties, except of Hyola60, germination percent and rate was decreased, due to enviromment moisture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - A quantum Model for the stock Market
Neda Allahyaribeik Hashem Nikoomaram Sara Allahyaribeik Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti -
Open Access Article
113 - Demarcation of Groundwater Prospective Zones in Humid Tropical River Basin: A Geospatial Approach
Sreela Reghu Girish Gopinath Reji Srinivas Rajesh Regunath Kurian SajanGroundwater, being a vital resource, needs to be developed with proper understanding about its occurrence in time and space. Unscientific sand mining is a dominant environmental issue in this humid tropical river basin namely Bharathapuzha river basin geographically on MoreGroundwater, being a vital resource, needs to be developed with proper understanding about its occurrence in time and space. Unscientific sand mining is a dominant environmental issue in this humid tropical river basin namely Bharathapuzha river basin geographically on central part of Kerala state, southwest part of India. The sandy layers along the river course declines its water holding capacity due to indiscriminate sand mining throughout the river basin. For a sustainable development of water resources, it is imperative to make a quantitative estimation of the available water resources. The purpose of the study is to identify the groundwater potential zones in the Bharathapuzha river basin in Kerala state, India based on Remote Sensing and GIS technology. Thematic layers considered in the study are geomorphology, land use, and lineament derived from IRS P6 LISS IV digital data; drainage network contour and slope maps are generated using toposheets; geology from GSI geology maps, with the help of Arc GIS Software and Erdas Software. Storativity and transmissivity of the study area was prepared using pumping test data. The thematic layers were over layered by weighted overlay method using Arc GIS. Four groundwater potential zones were identified in the study area represented as very good, good, moderate and poor potential zones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Source Rock evaluation, Modelling, Maturation, and Reservoir characterization of the Block 18 oilfields, Sab’atayn Basin, Yemen
A.S. Alaug D. Leythaeuser B. Bruns A.F. AhmedA total of 183 core and cutting samples from seven exploratory wells were selected to be analyzed by Rock-Eval pyrolysis. These cores have been drilled through the Lam and Meem Members of the Madbi Formation and contain the major source rocks of Yemen´s sedimentar MoreA total of 183 core and cutting samples from seven exploratory wells were selected to be analyzed by Rock-Eval pyrolysis. These cores have been drilled through the Lam and Meem Members of the Madbi Formation and contain the major source rocks of Yemen´s sedimentary basins. Contents of total organic carbon were measured and Rock-Eval pyrolysis was performed to evaluate the hydrocarbon potential of Block 18 oilfields in central Yemen. Most of the studied samples have fair to excellent petroleum generation potential as shown by the results of PP, PI, HI and TOC. They have also sufficient TOC values with an average value of 1.48 wt% and a maximum value of 12.34 wt% with a good petroleum potential averaging 4.54 kg HC/ton of rock and a maximum value of 44.78kg HC/ton of rock. HI values of the Madbi Formation in its full thickness range from 16 mg to 1114 mg HC/g TOC with an average value of 273 mg HC/g TOC. Kerogen types II and III, and a small amount of type I can be observed. These kerogens are thermally mature and mostly within the hydrocarbon generation zone. In a numerical simulation approach the thermal and burial history of the Alif-1 well, which is representative for this area was modelled. Using vitrinite reflectance data, as means of calibration, the modelling results were subjected to a sensitivity analysis concerning paleo-heat flow, radiogenic heat production, basement thickness and eroded overburden or maximum burial, respectively. The calculated temperature during deepest burial of the source rock layers of the Madbi Formation reached 158 °C for the Lam Member and 182 °C for the Meem Member. Compliance with the measured R0 values, used as calibration parameter, could be achieved by assuming an erosion of 1100 m of the Upper Tawilah Group. The heat flow is maximized at the onset of basin rifting in Late Jurassic to 90 mW/m2 having a base level of 60 mW/m2. Thus, the Lam Member has reached the main oil to wet gas window at its deepest burial whereas the Meem Member has undergone the wet gas window in its full thickness. The isopach map of the Alif Member, as the main reservoir in the studied area, indicates thickening of the sandstone unit towards the eastern and western parts of Block 18 around the Dostour Al-Wahdah gasfield in the east and at the Alif oilfields in the west. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones in Moalleman, Iran by Remote Sensing and Index Overlay Technique in GIS
Shayan Ghodratabadi Faranak FeiziWater plays a vital role in the development of activities in an area. The surface water resources are inadequate to fulfill the water demand. Productivity through groundwater is quite high as compared to surface water, but groundwater resources have not yet been properl MoreWater plays a vital role in the development of activities in an area. The surface water resources are inadequate to fulfill the water demand. Productivity through groundwater is quite high as compared to surface water, but groundwater resources have not yet been properly exploited. Keeping this view, the present study attempts to select and delineate various groundwater potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in Moalleman, using the remote sensing and GIS technique. Satellite images such as Landsat 8, Aster and SRTM DEM data have been used in the present study to prepare various thematic maps for the study area, such as geology, geomorphology, soil hydrological group, land use/land cover, and drainage maps. According to the relative contribution of each of these maps towards groundwater potential, the weight of each thematic map has been selected. Furthermore, within each thematic map ranking has been made for each of the features. All the thematic maps have been registered with one another through integrated step-by-step using the normalized aggregation method in GIS for computing groundwater potential index. Based on this final weight and ranking, the groundwater potential zones have been delineated. Thus from the present study it has been observed that an integrated approach involving remote sensing and GIS technique can be successfully used in identifying potential groundwater zones in the study area. Five categories of groundwater potential zones: excellent, very good, good, moderate and poor have been demarcated. Major portions of the study area have “good” or “moderate” prospects, while a few scattered areas have poor prospects. The excellent potential areas are mainly concentrated along the shore line. This groundwater potential information is useful to effectively identify suitable locations to extract water. Lastly, the final map has been overlaid with the map of springs and qanats for comparison and rolling as a checkpoint. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Estimation of Wheat Potential yield in Sistan Region Under Dry Stress: With use of Experiment Field and AquaCrop Model
Ahmad Mehraban Sayyed Mehdi JavadzadehCrops growth simulation models are important tools for evaluating effects yield of crops. One of these models is the AquaCrop model. This model can simulate productivity, yield, water requarment and water use efficiency undr condition of water limitation. research was c MoreCrops growth simulation models are important tools for evaluating effects yield of crops. One of these models is the AquaCrop model. This model can simulate productivity, yield, water requarment and water use efficiency undr condition of water limitation. research was carried out in order to simulation of some paremeters of crops growth undr condition of different water regimes on wheat (Hamoon varyity)in Sistan region at 2020-21 In this research climate, soil characteristics, plant characteristics and crop cultivation management are from major inputs for model. Place situation, climatic data, soil data, management data are necessary data and information for running model of AquaCrop. After gathering data, simulation of potential yield, attainable yield and yield gap determination of wheat was done with AquaCrop model. Region wheat farms actual yield obtained from Zabol Agriculture Researches Center. results of simulation by AquaCrop model showed that model simulates biomass and seed yield well. results of research showed that potential yield (yield simulated by model in optimum condition), available yield (yield obtained in field experiments in optimum condition of management) and actual yield (yield average obtained by region farmers) was equal to 5830, 3640 and 2750 kg/ha respectively. Between limited and decreased factors under study was determined that irrigation is the most important limited factor of wheat yield in region Management factors were introduced as the second limited factor of yield. So that led to decrease of 15.2% wheat yield relation to potential yield. At the last can to recognize effective factors in yield gap, and optimizing them, can fill this wheat yield gap in region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Measuring the indicators and potential of infill development in Qazvin city
Vahid Atashgaran Seyyed Mohammadreza Khatibi Maryam Khastou -
Open Access Article
118 - Theoretical study of oxidation of acetonitrile with nitrogen trioxide and formation of secondary organic aerosol
Morteza Alihosseini Morteza vahedpour Mahsa Yousefian -
Open Access Article
119 - Theoretical study of oxidation of acetonitrile with nitrogen trioxide and formation of secondary organic aerosol
Morteza Alihosseini Morteza vahedpour Mahsa Yousefian -
Open Access Article
120 - بررسی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر روند افزایش درجه حرارت و تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل با استفاده از مدل SDSM در شهرستان اهواز
الهه ذرتیپور امیر سلطانی محمدی فاطمه برادرانتغییر اقلیم ناشی از افزایش غلظت گازهای گلخانه ای(خصوصا CO2) در اتمسفر باعث تغییر در رژیم بارندگی، نرخ رواناب، سرعت باد و تشعشعات خورشیدی اتمسفر میگردد. در تحقیق حاضر، با استفاده از دادههای هواشناسی روزانه ایستگاه سینوپتیک اهواز و دادههای مدل Hadcm3، تحت سناریوهای A2 Moreتغییر اقلیم ناشی از افزایش غلظت گازهای گلخانه ای(خصوصا CO2) در اتمسفر باعث تغییر در رژیم بارندگی، نرخ رواناب، سرعت باد و تشعشعات خورشیدی اتمسفر میگردد. در تحقیق حاضر، با استفاده از دادههای هواشناسی روزانه ایستگاه سینوپتیک اهواز و دادههای مدل Hadcm3، تحت سناریوهای A2 و B2 پارامترهای حداکثر دما و حداقل دما در دوره پایه 2088-1979 و دو دوره آینده 2020-1979 و 2090-2070 شبیهسازی گردید. برای ارزیابی توان مدل در شبیهسازی پارامترهای اقلیمی از آمارههای ضریب تعیین و میانگین مجذور مربعات خطا استفاده شد، همچنین با روش هارگریوزسامانی مقادیر تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل برای دورههای مذکور محاسبه و پیشبینی گردید. نتایج نشان داد حداکثر درجه حرارت، حداقل درجه حرارت و تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل تحت سناریو A2 و B2 در ایستگاه مطالعاتی اهواز در آینده افزایش مییابد. حداکثر و حداقل درجه حرارت برای دوره آینده(2049-2020) بهترتیب برابر با 47/33 و 042/19 تحت سناریوA2و 49/33 و036/19 سانتیگراد تحت سناریو B2 بوده و برای دوره آینده(2099-2070) بهترتیب برابر با 13/34 و95/19 تحت سناریوA2و 80/33 و 95/19 سانتیگراد تحت سناریو B2 میباشد. تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل شبیهسازی شده برای دوره آتی 2049-2020 به طور متوسط، برابر 97/10 و 95/10 میلیمتر بر روز تحت سناریوA2 وB2 بوده و این مقدار برای دوره آتی 2099-2070 برابر 33/11 و26/11میلیمتر بر روز تحت سناریوA2 وB2 میباشد. بیشترین افزایش برای هر سه دوره و تحت هر دو سناریو در ماه ژوئن مشاهده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - ارزیابی سامانههای آبیاری بارانی کلاسیک ثابت با آبپاش متغیر استان اصفهان
مسعود فرزام نیا حسین دهقانی سانیجدر این تحقیق سامانههای آبیاری بارانی کلاسیک ثابت با آبپاش متحرک اجرا شده در 15 مزرعه استان اصفهان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بهرهبرداران از سامانههای مذکور رضایت نسبی داشتند و معتقد بودند تغییر سامانه از آبیاری سطحی به آبیاری بارانی باعث کاهش مصرف آب و افزایش سطح زیرکشت Moreدر این تحقیق سامانههای آبیاری بارانی کلاسیک ثابت با آبپاش متحرک اجرا شده در 15 مزرعه استان اصفهان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بهرهبرداران از سامانههای مذکور رضایت نسبی داشتند و معتقد بودند تغییر سامانه از آبیاری سطحی به آبیاری بارانی باعث کاهش مصرف آب و افزایش سطح زیرکشت و در نتیجه کسب درآمد بیشتر شده است ولی عملکرد در واحد سطح و کیفیت محصولات را کاهش داده است. اکثر مزارع در مناطق بادخیز بودند، متوسط تلفات بادبردگی 20 درصد بود. مقادیر متوسط یکنواختی پخش آب و ضریب یکنواختی سامانهها بهترتیب 58 و 65 بود و به سه گروه کیفی "ضعیف"، نسبتاًخوب و خوب دستهبندی شدند. مقادیر حداکثر، حداقل و میانگین برای راندمان پتانسیل کاربرد کمترین ربع (PELQs) بهترتیب 72، 19 و 48 و برای راندمان کاربرد کمترین ربع (AELQs) بهترتیب 66، 14 و 41 درصد یود. اکثر مزارع دچار کمآبیاری بودند و نزدیکی مقادیر دو پارامتر اخیر بههمین دلیل است. با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده، مواجه بودن مملکت با کمبود آب و انرژی، خرده مالکی بودن اکثر اراضی و از همه مهمتر محدودیتهای اقلیمی، استفاده از سامانههای مذکور نمیتواند، بدون مدیریت و نظارت دقیق، کارآمدی لازم را داشته باشد. بهتر است سامانههای آبیاری بارانی با فشار متوسط (آبپاشهای کوچک) و یا بهطورکلی سامانههای کمفشار جایگزین آنها شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - The causal relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential by the intermediation of sensation seeking within the male students
najmeh hamid salman hajizadeh seyedali marashy salman hajyThe purpose of this study was to examine the sample of casual relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential by the intermediation of sensation seeking within male students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. The MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the sample of casual relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential by the intermediation of sensation seeking within male students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. The population of the study included all the male students of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz. A sample of 300 subjects was selected by using the multi-stage ratio random sampling method. Berzonsky Identity Styles Inventory, Schwarezer & Jerusalem Self-Efficacy Scale, Lennick & Kiel Moral Intelligence Scale, Arnett Inventory of Sensation Seeking and Iranian Addiction Potential Scale were used to measure the variants. Evaluation of the proposed model was made by path analysis. The results showed that all coefficients of the path between variants were statistically significant in the sample totally. Moreover, the direct paths of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy, moral intelligence and sensation seeking to addiction potential were statistically significant. The direct paths of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence to sensation seeking were significant, as well. On the other side, the results revealed that the indirect relationship of diffuse-avoidant style, self-efficacy and moral intelligence with addiction potential also were significant through sensation seeking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on addiction potential among male Students
behnam karami rad Yadollah Zargar Mahnaz Mehrabizade honarmandPurpose: The present study was carried out to investigate the Effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on addiction potential among male Students of Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University. Method: This study was conducted as an experimental with pre-test and post-test MorePurpose: The present study was carried out to investigate the Effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on addiction potential among male Students of Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University. Method: This study was conducted as an experimental with pre-test and post-test and with a control group. The Statistical population was consisted of undergraduate male students enrolled in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz between 91-92. The Study Samples by multistage random sampling, from 600 prototypes, were selected 30 individuals who possess the criteria for entering the groups. The test group after 8 training sessions (2 times a week) and a control group without any intervention simultaneously have completed the post-test. The study main Measure was addiction potential scale of Zargar (1385). Results: analysis of univariate covariance (ANCOVA) indicate the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on reducing students addiction potential. Conclusion: Emotional intelligence training is effective in reducing student addiction potential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Investigating Output Voltage and Mechanical Stability of a Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on ZnO Nanowire
S. Fathi T. Fanaei Sheikholeslami -
Open Access Article
125 - Comparative study of analytical methods in geochemical data optimization, Ghoulan area, E-Azarbaijan
حمید SHahinfarDetection of optimized geochemical patterns requires Orientation Survey (O.S.) in which one of its importantlayers is selecting an effective data analysis method.In order to detect favorable potentials in Ghoulan area, discrimination of mineralized and blind ore zones u MoreDetection of optimized geochemical patterns requires Orientation Survey (O.S.) in which one of its importantlayers is selecting an effective data analysis method.In order to detect favorable potentials in Ghoulan area, discrimination of mineralized and blind ore zones usingadvanced techniques with presenting a suitable geochemical pattern and relative pathfinders is the scope of thisstudy. In this respect, 233 stream sediment samples were collected from the area and analyzed for base metals(Cu, Mo, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, Zn, As, Y …) and their indicator elements.The anomalous zones in the area were detected using two systemic methods such as principal componentanalysis (PCA) and Fractal (F) methods. Application of F method on geochemical data leads to detection of twoanomalous zones of Cu in Gharachilar and W-Loutkeh, with Mo appearance in Namnigh. The separation ofthese two anomalous zones (Cu& Mo) probably is due to acidity of area formed by solubility of sulphides fromoutcrops and migration of Mo in the form of molibdate which caused the precipitation of Cu and Mo in twodifferent zones.The results show that both methods (F&PCA) have similar detection zones but the capability of PCA inenhancement of halos and detection of blind ore zones is more effective than F method. As in this case, it coulddetect strong blind anomalous zone of Mo in Namnigh in addition to Cu & Mo trend. Overall, thecharacterization of methods also revealed that the PCA is more reliable in rejecting the syngenetic effects and theresults can be more precisely used in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Potential identification of groundwater resources using fuzzy logic method (Case study: Darab Fars watershed)
hamidreza amiri yosef shafiei ava fakhraei rad Hojjatullah KeshavarzThe limitation and scarcity of groundwater resources in Darab Fars plain has caused this plain to be in a critical situation and in the forbidden group. With proper management, the capacity of available surface and groundwater resources can be well identified and studie MoreThe limitation and scarcity of groundwater resources in Darab Fars plain has caused this plain to be in a critical situation and in the forbidden group. With proper management, the capacity of available surface and groundwater resources can be well identified and studied to make a comprehensive plan for their proper use. The use of GIS along with observational data leads to easy and systematic estimation of groundwater recharge areas. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of groundwater resources using AHP model and fuzzy functions in GIS environment. To assess the potential of groundwater resources, 10 geological criteria, fault density, altitude, slope, land use, soil, geomorphology, precipitation, drainage density and distance from rivers were studied and analyzed. The layers were prepared in a GIS environment and then the potential of groundwater resources was modeled using fuzzy logic functions. The results showed that the use of 0.98 gamma showed more favorable results than other numbers. Areas with high groundwater potential were determined with high accuracy. To validate the model, exploitation wells in the region have been used. About 63.62 percent of this type of wells are located in areas with good and very good potential. Areas with good and very good potential correspond to the terrace reserves, alluviums and sediments of the fourth period and have a low slope (0-5 degrees). About 31 percent of the watershed is in two categories of good and very good potential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Selecting and Extracting Effective Features of SSVEP-based Brain-Computer Interface
Seyedeh Faezeh Teymouri Sendesi -
Open Access Article
128 - Study of electrochemical and anti-oxidant Behavior of Thymol by computational methods
Zahra Javanshir Leili RahimiThyme garden with the scientific name of thymus vulgaris from Lamiaceae genus has many medicinal values. Thymol is an active ingredient in the essential oil of this plant. Thymol is an important compound with many medicinal properties, one of the important properties of MoreThyme garden with the scientific name of thymus vulgaris from Lamiaceae genus has many medicinal values. Thymol is an active ingredient in the essential oil of this plant. Thymol is an important compound with many medicinal properties, one of the important properties of which is its antioxidant properties, which has led to the widespread use of this compound. In this work, using computational chemistry, which generally solves chemistry problems using mathematical and theoretical principles, the structure of thymol compound was optimized using Gaussian 09 software and using DFT functional including B3LYP with 6-31G* basis set and PCM and IEFPCM models for calculation of solvent energy. Then the half-wave potential was obtained using physical chemistry relationships, it converts to a half-wave potential. and the antioxidant properties of thymol in solvents(Ethanol, DMSO, Heptan) was investigated. The half-wave potential of thymol with PCM and IEFPCM methods, for ethanol solvent, the highest value was obtained. The more negative the half-wave potential, the more anti-oxidant property. The half-wave potential of thymol with PCM and IEFPCM methods, for ethanol solvent, the highest value was obtained. The more negative the half-wave potential, the more anti-oxidant property. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Effects of pesticides in the environment and its biodegradation
Ahmad Asl hashemi Leila Tarwardizadeh Sahra SakhaifarPesticides are widely used to prevent unwanted attacks of pests on plants and agricultural fields. The uniqueness of their chemical structure or their interaction with the environment determines the nature of pesticides. In most cases, farmers and consumers of these pro MorePesticides are widely used to prevent unwanted attacks of pests on plants and agricultural fields. The uniqueness of their chemical structure or their interaction with the environment determines the nature of pesticides. In most cases, farmers and consumers of these products, although they know their serious effects, still cannot limit their consumption. Pesticides have harmful effects on soil and human ecosystems that affect molecules, tissues and biological organs and cause acute or chronic disorders. These disorders affect people of all ages, including during pregnancy. These pollutants affect aquatic systems when released. Water molecules in the river are affected by the accumulation of these toxic pollutants with alkaline pH and heavy metals, which can negatively affect the health of plants and animals. This article discusses the scientific literature on the various modification technologies available for safer pesticide use. The use of microorganisms and biological methods for the decomposition of chemical substances in the soil is monitored. However, the effectiveness of this method in the future to save the environment is debatable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Presenting a model for Identifying university potential in improving the business environment of small industries with an approach to the national culture in Iran
Hosein Kashefi Alipour Ahmad Aslizadeh,This study aimed to provide a model for identifying the potential of universities to improve the business environment of small industries with an approach to national culture in Iran. This research is a causal-comparative study and describes the relevant conditions. The MoreThis study aimed to provide a model for identifying the potential of universities to improve the business environment of small industries with an approach to national culture in Iran. This research is a causal-comparative study and describes the relevant conditions. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts in the field of business, which was selected through a purposeful judgment of 385 people based on Cochran's formula as a research sample. The analytical and analytical analyzes of the structural equation model in relation to this hypothesis testified that university potentials had a significant and effective effect on the improvement of the business of small industries. The designed model is an effective tool in identifying the components that affect the improvement of the business of small industries, relying on academic potentials and national culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Assessment of the Components of Financial Potential of the Regions of Ukraine
Davydenko Nadiia Buryak Alina Demyanenko Inna Buryak Mykhailo -
Open Access Article
132 - The Influence Of The Gross Regional Product On The Formation Of The Financial Potential Of The Region
Davydenko Nadiia Dibrova Anatolii Onishko Svetlana Fedoryshyna Lidiia -
Open Access Article
133 - Population Spatial Mobility: Monitoring, Methodology of Formation, Features of Regulation
Mariana Bil Inna Irtyshcheva Nazariy Popadynets Dmytro Voit -
Open Access Article
134 - Modeling of Accumulated Energy Ratio (AER) for Estimating LiqueFaction Potential Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Gene Expression Programming (GEP) (using data from Tabriz)
Armin Sahebkaram Alamdari Rouzbeh Dabiri Rasoul Jani Fariba Behrouz Sarand -
Open Access Article
135 - Effects of Building Construction Overburden on Liquefaction Potential of Soils
Reza Sallakh Niknejad Sallakh Niknejad Rouzbeh Dabiri -
Open Access Article
136 - Evaluating the Liquefaction Potential of Soil in the South and Southeast of Tehran based on the Shear Wave Velocity through Empirical Relationships
M Khalili Noutash R Dabiri M Hajialilue Bonab -
Open Access Article
137 - Vortex-induced energy harvesting of an elliptic blade in high-Reynolds lid-driven cavity flow
Ali Akbar Hosseinjani Ghasem Akbari -
Open Access Article
138 - Effect of Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Adsorption Ratio of Irrigation Water on some Physiological Indices and Yields of Two Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Varieties
Farzad JaliliTo study the effect of electrical conductivity (EC) andsodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on the yield and physiological indices of two varieties of rapeseed, an experiment was carried in pot condition. Treatments were EC with 3 levels (0.35, 6 and 12 dSm-1), SAR with 4 leve MoreTo study the effect of electrical conductivity (EC) andsodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on the yield and physiological indices of two varieties of rapeseed, an experiment was carried in pot condition. Treatments were EC with 3 levels (0.35, 6 and 12 dSm-1), SAR with 4 levels (0, 6, 12 and 18 from NaCl and CaCl2) and varieties with two levels (Talayeh and Okapy). Traits measured were RWC, concentration of Na, K and Ca, leaf water potential, biomass and seed yields. The result of the analysis of variance showed that the interaction effect of variety by EC on Na concentration, biomass and seed yield were significant. With increasing EC levels, seed yield decreased, but yield reduction in Okapi variety was less than that of Talayeh variety. Seed weight per plant in Talayeh was 2.99 g. and that of Okapi was 3.13 g. In both of varieties, with increasing of EC, concentration of Na increased, but its concentration in Okapy was more than Talayeh. The interaction effect of EC by SAR showed that with increasing treatment levels, leaf water potential, biomass and seed yield decreased, while carbohydrates increased. With increasing SAR from EC1SAR1 to EC1SAR4, yield decreased by 7%, while it was 13.7% from EC2SAR1 to EC2SAR4 and 25% from EC3SAR1 to EC3SAR4. Although EC and SAR causes negative effects on rapeseed growth indices, but their negative on Talayeh variety was less than that of Okapy. Increasing calcium proportion against salinity reduced the effects salinity in all traits. Since, high saline water has higher calcium ion, it would have poper quality for to use it in agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Effect of NaCl Concentrations on some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Three Salicornia Species under Hydroponic Condition
behrooz tayebi Ahmad GhanbariTo compare morphological and physiological responses of three salicornia species to NaCl concentrations, a greenhouse experiment was carried out. The factors consisted of five levels of NaCl concentrations (5, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mML-1) and three Salicornia species (S MoreTo compare morphological and physiological responses of three salicornia species to NaCl concentrations, a greenhouse experiment was carried out. The factors consisted of five levels of NaCl concentrations (5, 100, 200, 400 and 600 mML-1) and three Salicornia species (Salicornia persica ، Salicornia perspolitana and Salicornia bigelovii ). The results showed that, simple effects of salinity and species on proline, glycinebethein, carbohydrates, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, relative water content, osmotic potential in shoots, dry and fresh weights were significant. Interaction effects between salinity and species on proline, glycine betaine, carbohydrates, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, osmotic potential in shoots, dry and fresh weight were also significant. Carbohydrates concentration increased by 70-80% at 400 mM and then decreased from 5% to 13% at 600 mM concentration. Increasing salt concentration up to 600 mM, increased proline and glycine betaine contents. Osmotic potential was also increased by 3 to 4 times with increasing salinity levels. The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents decreased at 600 mM. At 200 mM NaCl concentration, wet and dry weights were significantly increased 2 to 3 times as compared control in all of three species while at 600 mM, it was decreased by 60% to 65%. It can be concluded that with increasing salt concentration all three species tolerated higher salt concentrations throught proline and glycine-betaine accumulation and reduction of osmotic potential. S.bigelovii had the highest Na+ accumulation at 600 mM of NaCl and least accumulation of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. On the other hand, S.perspolitana at 600 mM NaCl concentration, had the highest accumulation of potassium, calcium and magnesium, and was superior to other species in terms of dry weight yield under salinity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Investigation of the Limiting Factors of Wheat Seed Yield in the Eastern Region of Kerman
Mohammad Ali Bagheripour hosein heydari sharif abad Ahmad Mehraban Hamid Reza GanjaliTo investigate and determine the limiting factors of wheat grain yield and the contribution of each of these factors in creating wheat grain yield gap, this study was conducted based on the CPA method (comparison performance analysis) in the eastern part of Kerman. Fift MoreTo investigate and determine the limiting factors of wheat grain yield and the contribution of each of these factors in creating wheat grain yield gap, this study was conducted based on the CPA method (comparison performance analysis) in the eastern part of Kerman. Fifteen farms in each at Bam, Narmashir and Fahraj cities, (5 farms in each city) studied for two years (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). In this study, all information related to management, climate and agricultural traits (including 45 variables) were measured and recorded. Using multiple regression method, the relationship between wheat yield and all variables were examined step by step. A production model was determined for management and climate factors. The results showed that there was a gap between the actual yield (farmers' yield) and the potential yield (attainable yield) of 2347.98 kg.ha-1. Irrigation rate, consumed nitrogen fertilizer, spike density and late planting were 51.1%, 36.4%, 7.9% and 4.5%, respectively, involved in creating yield gap. Among the farms studied, the farm located in Firoozabad Fahraj with 6272 kg.ha-1 seed yield had the highest seed yield and the farm located in Dolatabad Fahraj with 1116 kg.ha-1 had the lowest grain yield. According to this research, it seems that with proper management of farms and optimization of limiting factors (Irrigation rate, consumed nitrogen fertilizer, spike density and late planting) wheat yield in Bam, Narmashir and Fahraj regions can be increased by 2347.98 kg.ha-1 as compared to that of the current yields of the farmers, studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Life Cycle Assessment of Irrigated Wheat Production under the Effects of Nitrogen Amounts and Splitting its Use in Boushehr Region
Morteza Siavoshi Salman DastanLife cycle assessment is an appropriate method to study the environmental impacts of producing a crop plant throughout its production cycle. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the life cycle of irrigated wheat production under nitrogen amounts and sp MoreLife cycle assessment is an appropriate method to study the environmental impacts of producing a crop plant throughout its production cycle. This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the life cycle of irrigated wheat production under nitrogen amounts and splitting in Bushehr province during 2017-18The as split plots based on a randomized complete blocks design with four replications. Four nitrogen rates including 70, 140, 210 and 280 kg urea ha-1 was considered as main plots and three nitrogen splitting in basal, beginning of tillering, stem elongation and booting stages was chosen as sub plot.The results demonstrated that with increase of nitrogen application an amount of cumulative energy demand, cumulative energy demand, acidification, eutrophiction and malodorous air were decreased. The average amount of ecological footprint was 1125.87 m2 per year which CO2 emissions had shown the highest effect on the ecological footprint. The average amount of global warming potential (GWP) was 20a and GWP 500a were 400.53 and 384.30 kg CO2 eq, respectively. All pollutants released into the air and the water experienced a decreasing trend with increasing nitrogen rate. By group comparing between different levels of nitrogen at splitting levels, it can be stated that the main cause of variations in the amount of pollutants was the higher output (yield) compared to inputs. Indeed, nitrogen application in four developmental stages has resulted in maximum plant use, resulting in increased yield and emission reduction per unit area. Therefore, reducing the emission of pollutants by increasing nitrogen consumption can be due to yield increasing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Impact of some Environmental Factors on Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Black Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), Ground Cherry (Physalis divaricata) and Curly Dock (Rumex crispus)
رضا Gorbani E. ZeidAli M. HoseainiTo understand germination and emergence characteristics of black henbane, ground cherry and curly dock a laboratory experiment, based on randomized complete block design with four replications, was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashha MoreTo understand germination and emergence characteristics of black henbane, ground cherry and curly dock a laboratory experiment, based on randomized complete block design with four replications, was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2012. Treatments were temperature ranges (5/15, 10/20, 15/25, 15/30 and 20/35 ° C night / day) and different levels of salinity (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mM of NaCl). The effect of pH adjusted to 5-9 by using acid buffer solution. Seeds were planted at different depth (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm) to study their effects on seedling emergence. Results showed that black henbane exhibited highest germination percentage at 25/15 diurnal tempratures, with 86.50 and 60.50 respectivly for daylight and complete darkness. Germination of ground cherry was highest (93%) at 10/20 diurnal temprature and 41% in complete darkness. Highest germination percentage for curly dock at diurnal temperatures of 20/10, 25/15 and 30/20 with light / dark regime of constant darkness was abserved. The seeds at diurnal temprature of 35/25 in both light regimes did not germinate. Increasing salinity reduced germination. Increasing the osmotic potential, also reduced germination significantly. Highest germination percentage of black henbane (97%) was observed at pH 7, and lowest germination (17%) at pH 9. Increasing planting depth reduced seedling emergence significantly. Germination percentages of ground cherry and curly dock at pH 6 and 7 were highest (97% and 96% respectively) and lowest 26 and 25 % respectively at pH 9. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Jurisprudence - Legal Basis for Preventing Litigation in Iran Law with Emphasis on French Judicial Procedure
Hosenali Mirzajani Roudposhti mehdi fallah khariki Seyed Hassan Hosseini MoghadamSince the consideration of any civil liability requires the existence of a present loss and on the other hand it cannot be passively sought to compensate for damages upon entry. Therefore, the principle of preventive litigation to avoid damaging or reducing it, and the MoreSince the consideration of any civil liability requires the existence of a present loss and on the other hand it cannot be passively sought to compensate for damages upon entry. Therefore, the principle of preventive litigation to avoid damaging or reducing it, and the imposition of costs. This article seeks to answer the question of whether the laws and regulations of Iran subject to the use of jurisprudential rules and through the deterrent of civil liability "with emphasis on the French judicial system" can oblige individuals to exercise caution and prudence to some extent. That failure to adhere to these principles and rules would result in "even before the actual loss" claim for damages commenced? The findings of this study suggest that civil liability using legal and jurisprudential rules as well as the "positive approach of French judicial procedure" will be able to interfere with the allegation of violations of law and before the loss enters into force against the principal. Identification damages and thereby provide a legal basis for a lawsuit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - A review of the nutritional and medicinal potential of Phycobiliproteins extracted from cyanobacteria
Bahareh Nowruzi yasaman GoraniPhycobiliproteins (PBPs) are colored and water-soluble biliproteins that are found in cyanobacteria and rhodophytes. Based on their spectral characteristics, PBPs are divided into three types: Allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. PBPs, apart from their specia MorePhycobiliproteins (PBPs) are colored and water-soluble biliproteins that are found in cyanobacteria and rhodophytes. Based on their spectral characteristics, PBPs are divided into three types: Allophycocyanin, phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. PBPs, apart from their special function as sunlight-receiving antennas in the photosynthesis process, can be used as food dyes, nutrients, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industries and fluorescent probes in immunofluorescence analysis. Since PBPs have antioxidant, anti-tumor effects, as well as potential anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties, in this review article, an attempt was made to investigate the properties and medicinal potential of PBPs along with their structural features. The results of the review of recent articles showed that the PBP part of proteins is very sensitive to environmental stress and this issue limits their use in the food industry. Therefore, it is necessary to use protective and coating materials to preserve the color. Consequently, they can prevent the denaturation of the protein structure, which not only increases the antioxidant properties but also increases the half-life of the food. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Simulation of voltage-gated ion channels behavior during infrared neural inhibition (INI)
Mohamamd Ali Ansari Hassan Tajarehnejad Abdollahi -
Open Access Article
146 - Sustainable urban development Through Assessing the Capability of Existing Buildings for Reuse Based on Adaptive Reuse Potential Model (ARP)
Mohammad Pourebrahimi Seyed Rahman Eghbali Hassan Ghafori FardAdaptive reuse of the building is a means to restore the life of buildings at the end of their useful life, by determining a suitable use based on their potential and characteristics. Adaptive reuse approach avoids the lavish process of demolition and new built and caus MoreAdaptive reuse of the building is a means to restore the life of buildings at the end of their useful life, by determining a suitable use based on their potential and characteristics. Adaptive reuse approach avoids the lavish process of demolition and new built and caused materials and embodied energy saving, materials waste reducing, time saving, economic savings, avoiding overuse of resources and lands and preserve them for future generations. But the question is what buildings are suitable for adaptive reuse? When is the best time to intervene to implement this approach? Such questions show that adaptive reuse requires proper evaluation and management. The adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model with generic application in all country and for all building, is a decision making tool for proper management of this approach. This model addition to calculate the potential of building for reuse and its useful life gives the best time to intervene. In this way, we can identify and reuse buildings with suitable potential for this purpose. This paper first analyzes adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model and its related factors and then investigates the possibility of implement and justification of adaptive reuse potential (ARP) model for different types of building to achieving more accurate results and outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Investigating and Evaluating the Capabilities and Geotourism Potentials of Sarein City (Case Study: Alvares, Darabad, Noran Villages)
Fariba Esfandyari Behrouz Nezafat takleTourism can be international or domestic in a country. According to this organization, tourism is not only limited to the trips that are made during the holidays, but if a traveler moves away from his place of residence and travels to another place in the country or eve MoreTourism can be international or domestic in a country. According to this organization, tourism is not only limited to the trips that are made during the holidays, but if a traveler moves away from his place of residence and travels to another place in the country or even another country and spends a period of time doing business and Even if he is educated, he is classified as a tourist. As we mentioned, tourism is both domestic and international. The purpose of this research is to investigate and evaluate the capabilities and potentials of geotourism (case study: Alvares, Darabad, Noran villages). The method of this research is applied, analytical and comparative, in this research, a dynamic model was used to evaluate the potential of tourism, and the Pavlova model was used to evaluate the competitiveness of geotourism areas. The value and importance of geotourist areas in the Hadzik model is estimated by three indicators of scientific value, surplus values and the degree of vulnerability of the areas, and in the Pavlova model, the competitiveness of the areas is estimated in terms of positive and negative factors. In the dynamic model, using Cochran's sample size formula, the number of experts and tourists has been determined, and a questionnaire of 55 visitors and 10 experts was used to evaluate the geotourism potential of the studied area. The results show that the geotourism potential of Darabad is 33.4, Noran is 36.44, and Alvares is 59.64. The geotourism potential of Darabad and Noran is average and not much different from each other, but Alvares region has good geotourism potential. Also, to evaluate the competitiveness of the studied areas, the results obtained from the analysis of positive and negative factors indicate that the final results of the numerical value of the areas of Darabad are equal to 1.14, Noran is equal to 1.18, which have satisfactory competitiveness and Alvarez geotourism area with The value of 1.41 has good competitiveness. Therefore, it is concluded that Alvarez tourism region has appropriate potentials for attracting tourists in terms of competitiveness compared to other studied tourism regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Analysis of Synoptic Patterns of the Two Heaviest Rainfall Events in Zayandeh Rood Dam Basin
Shahideh Dehghan Amir Gandomkar Alireza AbbasiPrecipitation is one of the most important climatic elements, and its importance increases especially when heavy rains occur. Investigating rainfall or heavy rainfall in a region requires analysis of synoptic patterns. This research was conducted with the aim of investi MorePrecipitation is one of the most important climatic elements, and its importance increases especially when heavy rains occur. Investigating rainfall or heavy rainfall in a region requires analysis of synoptic patterns. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the heavy rains in the catchment area of Zayandeh Rood Dam. For this purpose, the daily rainfall data of Kohrang, Fereydon Shahr, Shahrekord, Daran, Pol Zaman Khan, Farrokh Shahr, Chadegan and Saman stations during the statistical period of 1958-2019 were used. After examining the data, two rainfall events on 7/1/2004 and 12/3/2005, which were heavy rains (rainfall above 20 mm) in the study area, were selected and their co-occurrence patterns were analyzed. The data related to geopotential height of three levels of 500, 700 and 850 hectopascals was obtained from the NOAA site and its maps were drawn in Arc Gis software. The obtained results showed that heavy rains occur in the studied basin when cold air in higher latitudes moves to lower latitudes and obtains the necessary moisture over the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. When the trough axis is located in the eastern Mediterranean and there is a lot of humidity, it causes heavy rains in the studied area. In general, it can be stated that the heaviest rains in the studied area occur in March and the Mediterranean and Sudanese systems cause heavy rains in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Synoptic analyzing the occurrence of strong wind and dust storm in Shiraz in March 2019
Ashraf AsadiAs transition seasons approach at the end of the winter season, changes in movement patterns and wind speed in mid-latitudes are inevitable. On March 22, 2019, a strong wind accompanied by heavy dust and muddy rain for a large part of the day resulted in the injury of s MoreAs transition seasons approach at the end of the winter season, changes in movement patterns and wind speed in mid-latitudes are inevitable. On March 22, 2019, a strong wind accompanied by heavy dust and muddy rain for a large part of the day resulted in the injury of several citizens and significant damage in the city of Shiraz. For this reason, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the synoptic conditions of the formation of this phenomenon. Earth surface data from the Meteorological Organization and variables of air temperature, geopotential height, sea level pressure, zonal wind, meridional wind, specific humidity, and omega were used as upper atmosphere data to investigate the upper level of the atmosphere. Using these variables, geopotential height roughness map patterns, frontal formation process, vorticity advection, humidity, thickness pattern, earth surface pressure patterns, Jetstream, Omega, and Hof-Muller diagrams of the third type of Jetstream and Omega were drawn at different levels. The results showed that the location of the studied area under the positive advection zone in the east of the western wind channel, which leads to high divergence and low convergence, the establishment of temperature trend and front formation, and especially the descent of the polar front wind to the lower atmospheric levels, the conditions Synoptic have provided for the occurrence of strong air ascent and the formation of strong gusts caused by it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Identifying the geotourism potentials of East Azarbaijan province and its development using geotourism models (case study: Zenuzagh, Kandavan, Ashtabin)
Mansour Rahmati Faezeh Bahadori Behrouz Nezafat takle elahe navazesh hasan nezafat takleGeotourism is one of the important types of ecotourism with a responsible and conservation-oriented approach that emphasizes the popularization of earth sciences and the cultural, social and economic development of the local community. The purpose of this research is to MoreGeotourism is one of the important types of ecotourism with a responsible and conservation-oriented approach that emphasizes the popularization of earth sciences and the cultural, social and economic development of the local community. The purpose of this research is to investigate the geotourism capabilities of East Azarbaijan Province using the Pavlova, Kubalikova and Hadzik model. Three study areas including the geotourist areas of Kandavan, Zanouzgh and Ashtabin have been selected. Based on Paulova's model, the results showed that the Kandavan geotourism area with the highest score in the positive factors promoting the competitiveness of geotourist destinations includes natural wealth with a score of (7) and the highest value among the negative items of competitiveness, budget deficit and the lack of skilled professionals with a score of (5) It creates the most negative impact on the attraction of tourists. Also, the results of the Kobalikova model showed that the Kandavan region has the highest score compared to other regions with a value of (9.25). In the Hadzik model, according to the study of scientific and surplus values according to the opinion of experts and tourists, the results showed that the average scores of the items in Kandavan geotourism area with the highest score are in the first priority. Therefore, it can be concluded that by evaluating and identifying the geotourism potentials of East Azarbaijan Province and developing the capabilities, it will lead to the development of geotourism areas and attracting tourists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Preparation of fire potential map using geographical information system in the forests of northern Iran
Morteza Madani pour kermanshahi Seyed Armin Hashemi Amin KhademiFires and deforestation have been a crisis in recent years. Every year, fires threaten forest areas in our country, especially in the northern forests, and reduce its quantity and quality. In this study, first a digital elevation model was developed, then elevation, slo MoreFires and deforestation have been a crisis in recent years. Every year, fires threaten forest areas in our country, especially in the northern forests, and reduce its quantity and quality. In this study, first a digital elevation model was developed, then elevation, slope maps, geographical directions, and elevation. Maps of vegetation type and density of the region and maps of roads, residential areas and agricultural lands of the region were also prepared using fuzzy membership functions, evaluation of criteria, study area in each layer at a distance between 0 to 1 value. The results of using the dong model with fuzzy method in zoning of fire risk potential showed that in fuzzy weighting method, hazard zones are very low, low, medium, high, very high with an area of 6840.42 6605.84, 12044/46, 15922.87, 7416.89 hectares, according to the prepared map, about 40% of the area is in high risk classes and threatens fire in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Investigating and analyzing the geotourism and geomorphological potentials of Babolsar city using the Kobalikova and Hadzik model (case study: Kerfun, Mirud, Efratakht coastal villages)
Mousa Abedini parastoo KhoshkhooThe purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the geotourism and geomorphology of Babolsar city using Kubalikova model and Hadzik model. Kubalikova's model is the first method used in this research, and it is mostly based on scientific and educational criteria MoreThe purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the geotourism and geomorphology of Babolsar city using Kubalikova model and Hadzik model. Kubalikova's model is the first method used in this research, and it is mostly based on scientific and educational criteria, and Hadzik's model is also based on scientific values and surplus values index. In this research, three geotourist areas including: Mirud, Kerfun, and Afra Takht were selected. The current research was carried out by filling 60 questionnaires for Kobaliko model (each questionnaire contains 55 questions) and Hadzik model (each questionnaire contains 25 questions) from travelers and experts for all three studied villages and calculating their average scores for different questions. The results indicate that compared to the other two places, Kerfun village is one of the most famous and attractive geomorphosites in the city, and in this respect, it has a score of 64.76, followed by Mirud village with a score of 52.04. It is both. They are at a good level in terms of value. Afra Takht village has the lowest value with a score of 23/24. However, the high score of Kerfun, in addition to its attractiveness, is due to its rarity and distinctiveness compared to other cases. Due to the unknown nature of the attraction, inappropriate communication, accommodation and living facilities for tourists and guidance to know about the most important problems and weaknesses of the region are considered for the development of geotourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Evaluating The Climatic Potentials of Kerman Province for Tourism Industry
Bohlol Alijani Saeedeh ZaboliIn order to evaluate the climatic potentials of Kerman province, the hourly weather data of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed of the nine synoptic stations of the province were obtained for the existing data period( ranging from as early as 1957 to as late MoreIn order to evaluate the climatic potentials of Kerman province, the hourly weather data of temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed of the nine synoptic stations of the province were obtained for the existing data period( ranging from as early as 1957 to as late as 1993 up to 2005 to 2007). The hourly human comfort index of Physiological EquivalentTemperature (PET) was computed for each calendar month using the RAYMAN software. In the second step, the beginning, duration, and the end of the comfort period were determined for each station.The results showed that the comfort period begins in January in the south and delays until March in the north. But it begins as late as April in the mountainous region of Baft. The comfort period ends in December in most of the province. The most uncomfortable climatic factor in the province is the temperature. That is why that the comfort period is shorter in the south than in the north. The length of the comfort period ranges from7 moths in the south to about 10 months in the north. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Investigating the vulnerability of Khanj plain aquifer - Larestan fissure using drastic model
Abdolrasool GhanbariGroundwater is the second largest source of fresh water in the world. About a third of the world's population depends on this resource. Existence of important sources of diffuse and point pollutants, due to human activities on the ground and the penetration of these pol MoreGroundwater is the second largest source of fresh water in the world. About a third of the world's population depends on this resource. Existence of important sources of diffuse and point pollutants, due to human activities on the ground and the penetration of these pollutants into the aquifer, reduces the quality of groundwater. Vulnerability assessment is a low-cost method in identifying areas prone to pollution that plays a key role in the management of water resources. It is a suitable management tool to prevent groundwater pollution. For this research, the hydrogeological parameters of the drastic model include water depth, net nutrition, aquifer environment, soil environment, topography, effects of unsaturated area and hydraulic conductance, stinging pain. Larestan fissure, located in the south of Fars province, was studied. Arc GIS software was used to prepare vulnerability maps by overlapping hydrogeological layers. According to the findings of this study, the groundwater of the study plain is at high risk of contamination, so that about 62% of the area is in moderate to high vulnerability. These areas are generally located downstream and in the center of the plain. Considering that groundwater is the most important water source in the region, prevention of pollutants entering groundwater by creating quality protection zones around water sources and observing the rules of discharging pollutants to receiving sources, is an effective solution. To maintain the quality of these resources. Important management tools such as vulnerability maps and quality privacy are important for planning for proper deployment of land uses and their management on the aquifer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods to prioritize of flooding in Taleghan sub watersheds
Samaneh Razavizadeh کاکا شاهدیFlood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost MoreFlood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost importance. In present study sub-watersheds of Taleghan watershed based on flooding potential were prioritized using AHP and TOPSIS techniques. Criteria considered for prioritization were the most important criteria affecting on rainfall infiltration, runoff and flooding potential. They include sub-watershed area, compactness coefficient, drainage density, average slope of sub watershed, mean elevation of sub watershed, the percentage of impervious area, curve number, main channel slope, main channel length, and concentration time. Results indicated that the three criteria of impervious area, CN and main channel slope, respectively, with relative weights of 0.283, 0.231 and 0.163 were the most significant parameters relating to flooding potential in sub watershed. The final results derived from combination of AHP and TOPSIS also showed that among the 16 sub-watersheds of Taleghan, three sub-watersheds of Hasanjun, Narian and Shahrak, respectively, have the highest potential of flooding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Ecological potential of agriculture and range management area for the purpose of land use planning Mahneshan
saeed kamyabi Esmail khoshlaghaTrying to achieve a national land use planning and productivity is a principle and in proportion of environmental features and natural resource data, this process development is important. The sustainable development is a comprehensive concept which is involved in all a MoreTrying to achieve a national land use planning and productivity is a principle and in proportion of environmental features and natural resource data, this process development is important. The sustainable development is a comprehensive concept which is involved in all aspects of human life. And the implementation of sustainable development models requires extensive changes in both national and international policies. In some part our country the utilization of land is not based on ecological zone. Specially in agricultural land so the aim of this paper is to show the comparison of existing land use and watershed ecological zone in Mahneshan in Zanjan province. Therefore, to analyze the possibilities and of natural basin by creating a database of geographic. Date extracted from the report of basic studies and classification in order to show the location of the ecological resources and entered to a Geographic Information System (GIS). The existing land use map derived with the help of satellite images. Then, by overlaying different layers, homogeneous units (e.g. homogeneous Polygon) we produced the reviewing and results data base, with considering the region and planning objectivese and ecological assessment. In order to obtain the models that applied on homogeneous polygon. Finally, maps are prepared voided and extraction based on planning and suggestions. This report has been investigated and classified to determine the best type of land use, land suitability homogeneous entity in the current status and future, concerning the climate conditions and giving priority to agriculture land (dry land and irrigated agriculture), rangeland and forestry as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Assessment of Ecotourism Capability of Traditional Ghoori Ghale basin with emphasis on water resources factor
زینب Khalili جعفر Oladi S.M Hoseini nasr جاهده TekeykhahAbstract: Evaluation of ecotourism capability is mean the identify of land capability for recreation and tourism landuse with attention to importance of forest park, is necessary evaluation of recreation potential and identify of suitable regions for MoreAbstract: Evaluation of ecotourism capability is mean the identify of land capability for recreation and tourism landuse with attention to importance of forest park, is necessary evaluation of recreation potential and identify of suitable regions for recreation usage. In this study, The appropriate areas for tourism and ecotourism plans were identified in Ghoori Ghale area located at North western of Paveh with an area of 2498/46 ha Using GIS and systematic analysis model .Based on the result, No class1 mass ecotourism existed in the study area. Twenty nine percent of the area were potential for class2 alternative ecotourism 38% for class1 alternative ecotourism and 33% for alternative ecotourism.To deter mine the importance of available water resources on tourism development, Delphi method was used. For this, 100 questionnaire were distributed among tourists in Kermanshah and Ghoori Ghale area. Based on the obtained result, different type and degrees of ecotourism depend on the available water resource. To measure the effects water resource factor on ecotourism and also to enhance the systematic analysis model, The map of water resources were prepared then this map was combined with primary ecotourism potential map (obtained using systematic analysis model) to produce the final ecotourism potential map. Result of ecotourism potential evaluation showed that 6%, 28%, 35%, and 31% of the study area are appropriate for class 1 mass ecotourism, class 2 mass ecotourism, class1 alternative ecotourism and class 2 alternative ecotourism, respectively. Then, Comparison were made between the primary and final ecotourism potential maps to identify the effects of water resource on ecotourism potential of the area. Our findings showed higher effects water resource factor rather than physical factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Investigation of some morphological and physiological responses of Moldavian balm (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) to selenium under salinity
Alireza Iranbakhsh Sara Saadatmand Ramazanali Khavarinejad Bita ZajiSalt stress is one of the most important environmental threats that adversely affects the growth, development, and productivity of plants; therefore, suitable approaches are needed to mitigate its negative effects on plants. For this purpose, a pot experiment was carrie MoreSalt stress is one of the most important environmental threats that adversely affects the growth, development, and productivity of plants; therefore, suitable approaches are needed to mitigate its negative effects on plants. For this purpose, a pot experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with two treatments include salinity (0, 25, 50, and 75 mM) and foliar application of selenium (0, 5 and 10 µM Na2SeO4), and the possible role of selenium in regulating Moldavian balm salt tolerance was investigated. Foliar applications of selenium were applied after seedlings establishment at three stages, simultaneously with the application of salinity stress, and then at weekly intervals. Results indicated that growth indices, photosynthetic pigments, and relative water content of leaves in Moldavian balm plants were decreased significantly by various levels of salinity stress. Foliar application of selenium especially at the low concentration increased all the mentioned traits in stress conditions. In contrast, high level of selenium magnified the negative effect of salinity, so that the highest value of malondialdehyde, electrolyte leakage, and water potential were obtained by 10 µM selenium under 75 mM NaCl and caused the accumulation of proline and soluble sugars. This study indicates that selenium at low concentration plays a significant role in alleviating the harmful effects of salinity through photosynthetic pigments, maintaining membrane integrity, reducing water potential, accumulation of compatible solutes, and consequently, improved the performance in Moldavian balm plants growing under salt stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Modeling of field emergence pattern of three weed species in response to soil temperature and moisture
somayeh Tokasi ebrahim kazerooni monfared parviz rezvani mehdi Nasiri MahalatiModels that predict the timing of weed seedling emergence are used to optimize weed control schedules. This study was carried out with the aim to predict the time of seedling emergence of three weed species, namely, Datura stramonium, Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retr MoreModels that predict the timing of weed seedling emergence are used to optimize weed control schedules. This study was carried out with the aim to predict the time of seedling emergence of three weed species, namely, Datura stramonium, Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus in field conditions using soil temperature and moisture. Three planting dates including first of June, first of July, and first of August were studied with three irrigation regimes including every other two, three, and four days and with three weed species. To express the changes in the emergence process, hydrothermal time model () was used. MPa - °C - days required for the emergence was calculated with the base temperature and water potential that was calculated by hydrothermal time model and soil moisture and temperature. Cumulative emergence percentage was plotted with hydrothermal time model and the sigmoid three-parameter model was fitted on it. Then the maximum germination percentage and MPa - °C - days required for 50% seedling emergence was calculated. Results showed that seedling emergence of three weed species was the highest and lowest in the first regime of irrigation in August and third regime of irrigation in June, respectively. Three species seedlings were emerged higher and faster in August than in June and July. Hydrothermal time required for the seedling emergence of these species was varied. D. stramonium had the lowest and S. nigrum had the highest hydrothermal time for 50% seedling emergence. The optimum temperatures for A. retroflexus, S. nigrum, and D. stramonium were 30-35, 37-30, and 29-34 °C respectively in all water potentials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Effect of adding perlite in soil on some growth and physiology characteristics of Queues castanifolia seedlings under water deficit stress
zohreh zoghi Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Masoud Tabari Kouchaksaraei Yahya KoochDraught stress is the most important abiotic stress significantly affecting plants’ growth, development, and performance. This study was carried out to determine the effect of perlite, as a modifying element of soil, on growth and physiological responses of Queues MoreDraught stress is the most important abiotic stress significantly affecting plants’ growth, development, and performance. This study was carried out to determine the effect of perlite, as a modifying element of soil, on growth and physiological responses of Queues castanifolia seedlings under water deficit stress. A factorial experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design under greenhouse condition of the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in Gorgan, 2015. Perlite treatments at 4 levels (0, 15, , and 35% (V/V)) were added in soil and water stress at 3 levels (40, 70, and 100% irrigation at field capacity) were applied in the pot experiment for 5 months. Some parameters including gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conduction, and transpiration), leaf water potential of seedlings, diameter and height growth, and dry weight of root, stem, leaf, and seedlings were measured in different treatments at the end of the experiment period. Results showed that all parameters were affected by different levels of irrigation and perlite. Water deficit by 40% FC reduced 51% and 68% of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, respectively. The highest diameter and height growth and dry weight of the seedlings were observed in 25% and 35% (V/V) perlite application under normal and stress conditions, respectively. The use of perlite alleviated the negative effects of water deficit and ameliorated seedling growth. The findings suggest that perlite application in soil is suitable for the production of desirable seedlings under water deficit condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Morphological, physiological, and enzymatic responses of Caucasian alder (Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey) seedlings to water deficit conditions by inoculation of Rhizophagus irregularis
Zahra Boor Ghasem Ali Parad Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Ehsan GhanbaryThis study was conducted in greenhouse condition to investigate the growth, morphological and physiological changes and some antioxidant enzyme activities of one-year-old seedlings of Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey. inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis mycorrhizal fungi MoreThis study was conducted in greenhouse condition to investigate the growth, morphological and physiological changes and some antioxidant enzyme activities of one-year-old seedlings of Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey. inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis mycorrhizal fungi under water deficit stress in a period of 70 days. The experiment was carried out at two inoculation levels (control or non-inoculated seedlings and inoculated with R. irregularismycorrhizal fungi) and with two levels of irrigation including irrigation at field capacity (control treatment) and irrigation at 30% of field capacity (water deficit treatment) in a completely randomized design with four treatments and 10 replications. Results revealed that morphological and physiological characteristics of A. subcordata seedlings significantly decreased under water deficit stress at 99% level while all enzymatic activities significantly increased. Although the morphological characteristics such as height and diameter growth, root length, leaf area, and leaf, stem, root, and total biomass significantly increased by 20-30% in R. irregularis mycorrhiza treatment of the irrigation control plants, these features increased by 55, 40, 46, 47, 37, 35, 50 and 37%, respectively when the plants under water deficit treatment were added R. irregularis mycorrhiza compared to non-mycorrhiza water deficit treatment. The meancomparisonresults indicated that the photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and leaf water potential reduced by 57, 54, 53, and 65%, respectively under water deficit regime whereas addition of R. irregularis mycorrhizal fungi in soil alleviated the effects of water deficit. Also, under water deficit condition, activities of catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and ascorbate peroxidase significantly increased in comparison with field capacity irrigated seedlings while treatment of soil with mycorrhiza mitigated the destructive effects of water deficit. In general, the present study showed that inoculation of R. irregularis mycorrhizal fungi can alleviate physiological indexes and antioxidant enzyme and consequently leading to an increased tolerance of A. subcordata seedlings during the first year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Drought Stress and Strategies to cope with it in Crops
Esmaeil Gholinezhad Reza Darvishzadeh Abbas AbhariDrought stress affects various aspects of plant growth (vegetative growth, reproductive growth, flower formation, pollination, fertilization, and seed formation). To reduce the effects of drought stress on plants, it is important to determine the mechanisms of plant res MoreDrought stress affects various aspects of plant growth (vegetative growth, reproductive growth, flower formation, pollination, fertilization, and seed formation). To reduce the effects of drought stress on plants, it is important to determine the mechanisms of plant response to drought stress. In response to drought stress, plants experience morphophysiological, biochemical, cellular, and molecular changes with the ultimate result of improved root system, leaf structure, osmotic regulation, relative water content, and stomatal regulation. The phenotypic manifestations in plants facing drought stress include drought escape (early or short growing period, day length sensitivity, and tiller control), drought avoidance (developed root system, stomatal conductance, size and frequency of stomata, accumulation of abscisic acid, and cuticle thickness and waxy crust on the leaf), drought tolerance (osmotic pressure regulation, passive regulation, active regulation, proline accumulation, and displacement of sap phloem materials), and recovery (improvement). Management methods to improve drought stress tolerance include the development of tolerant cultivars, the use of external osmotic protectors such as glycine betaine and proline, spraying with plant hormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid (aspirin), gibberellic acid, jasmonic acid, brasino steroids, and polyamines, application of foreign substances with antioxidants such as glutathione, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), tocopherol (vitamin E), and nitric oxide, foliar application of micronutrients such as iron and zinc, spraying with trace elements such as silicon and selenium, and microbial interactions of plants such as growth-promoting bacteria and fungi. This review article is a content analysis study that was carried out by searching related articles in reliable sites (Google scholar, Web of science, PubMed, Scopus, Sid) aiming to investigate the effects, mechanisms of tolerance, research methods, important measurable traits, drought stress management, and control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Analysis and Ranking of Provinces of Iranian Terms of Strategic Territorial Potentials
Heydar Lotfi Mostafa RashidiDifferent countries have a different position in terms of economic, political, cultural, security and so on. These factors would determine the global ranking of countries in the geopolitical structure of the world. This position is global geopolitical situation in MoreDifferent countries have a different position in terms of economic, political, cultural, security and so on. These factors would determine the global ranking of countries in the geopolitical structure of the world. This position is global geopolitical situation in terms of sum and product of the factors that contribute to determining the geopolitical position which is called geopolitical weight. Factors determine the potential for a significant part of a country determine its geopolitical weight. Territorial potentials, which have important role in determining the weight and geopolitical position of the country as well as the development and independence of their country's strategic capabilities. In this paper, we have tried to study the role of the different provinces of a country's strategic potential of their analysis and their provincial ranking. In this context, the fundamental question is: What are the provinces in terms of territorial strategic capabilities that have the greatest impact on the country's geopolitical weight? This cross-sectional study was conducted in a manner and the form of mixed-method (quantitative-qualitative). Data of the paper have been collected from the literature and documents of the governors and institutions and reputable sites and ministries Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements: effective techniques to characterize therapeutic nanoparticles
Abbas Rahdar nooshin amini Fazeh Askari Md. Abu Bin Hasan Susan -
Open Access Article
165 - An innovative method for estimating optimal Gate work function and dielectric constant of a nanoscale DG-TFET based on analytical modeling of tunneling length in ambipolar, Off and ON states
Ali Heydari Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Fayzollah Khorramrouz -
Open Access Article
166 - Dynamic light scattering: A useful technique to characterize nanoparticles
Abbas Rahdar Nooshin Amini Faezeh Askari Md. Susan -
Open Access Article
167 - An innovative method for estimating optimal Gate work function and dielectric constant of a nanoscale DG-TFET based on analytical modeling of tunneling length in ambipolar Off and ON states
Fayzollah Khorramrouz Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Ali Heydari -
Open Access Article
168 - An innovative method for estimating optimal Gate work function and dielectric constant of a nanoscale DG-TFET based on analytical modeling of tunneling length in ambipolar, Off and ON states
Fayzollah Khorramrouz Seyed Ali Sedigh Ziabari Ali Heydari -
Open Access Article
169 - English Teachers’ Research Engagement: Current Barriers and Future Strategies
Mehdi Mehrani Ali Behzadnia -
Open Access Article
170 - The Computational Study of Number of Shot Particles and Distance Effects on Residual Stress and Mechanical Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy after Shot Peening Process: Molecular Dynamics Approach
Ali Moradi Ali Heidari Kamran Amini Farshid Aghadavoudi Reza Abedinzadeh -
Open Access Article
171 - Path Planning of Mobile Robots using the Artificial Potential Field Method and the Harris Hawks Metaheuristic Algorithm
Hosein Saili Masine Mohammad SaadatPath planning of mobile robots is one of the important issues in the field of robotics. Also, optimizing the path length and crossing the local minima traps are the basic and up-to-date challenges in this field. One of the important methods in path planning of these rob MorePath planning of mobile robots is one of the important issues in the field of robotics. Also, optimizing the path length and crossing the local minima traps are the basic and up-to-date challenges in this field. One of the important methods in path planning of these robots is the artificial potential field method. Because it is based on simple mathematical calculations. One of the most important disadvantages of this method is getting trapped in local minima situations. One approach for solving the problem of local minima is to use optimization methods to find suitable coefficients (attractive and repulsive) and step length that can solve local minima and optimize the path length. The Harris Hawks algorithm is a powerful and new meta-heuristic algorithm in the field of optimization that is based on population and inspired by the life of Harris Hawks in nature. This algorithm has been able to prove its superiority over similar optimization methods in finding the optimal solution, faster convergence, lower computational time and not trapping in local minima. This method has not been used in the path planning of mobile robots. In order to eliminate the disadvantages of the artificial potential field method and to optimize the path length, the Harris Hawks algorithm has been used in this paper. The simulation results showed that the combination of the artificial potential field method and the Harris Hawks algorithm can solve the local minima problem and optimize the path length, increase the path efficiency and reduce the convergence time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Study and evaluation of roadside and midway tourist attraction potentials (Case study: South Khorasan)
Rostam SaberifarAccording to tourism department officials of South Khorasan, more that 12 million travelers pass across the province toward south or north regions of the country, while the province itself enjoys very little or nothing of this great potential. For this purpose, descript MoreAccording to tourism department officials of South Khorasan, more that 12 million travelers pass across the province toward south or north regions of the country, while the province itself enjoys very little or nothing of this great potential. For this purpose, descriptive and analytical research method is employed and with sample size of about 300 people, and the designed questionnaires were completed by them. The data that are collected by researcher’s-made questionnaire are analyzed using SPSS data analyzer softwares and SWOT analyzing tool. The results shows that in total, 15 factors are considered as strengths factors of the province, of which the highest point is given to transit capability, i.e. the existence of the west country transit route as the most important transportation path for good and passengers. The lowest point on the other hand is given to associative and people’s contribution in tourism activities of the region. These factors gain a score of 3.93 in total, where developing tourism facilities gain the highest score of 0.60 among them. Upon given information, it is clear that the difference is higher than 2.5, there it can be concluded that the province conditions to deal with sightseeing activities is highly favorable. On this basis, it can be said that the general condition is in favor of external factors, and considering environmental and social constraints of the province, the situation gives hope for more assistance of the government to this province to help it gain advantage of its capabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Analyzing the Economic Potential of Arbaeen Tourism in Khuzestan Province
Majid Goodarzi Saeed Maleki Elham MalakootiThe purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the economic potential of Arbaeen tourism in Khuzestan Province. This study is theoretical in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and methodology. The results indicate that Arbaeen tourism ha MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the economic potential of Arbaeen tourism in Khuzestan Province. This study is theoretical in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and methodology. The results indicate that Arbaeen tourism has a significant impact on the physical infrastructure of Khuzestan Province. Additionally, Arbaeen tourism has played a role in promoting and marketing other forms of tourism at a moderate level. An assessment of the impact of Arbaeen tourism on the supply and demand of products and services in Khuzestan Province reveals a substantial influence on the supply and demand dynamics. Other findings from this study demonstrate that Arbaeen tourism has had effects on employment, income growth, production expansion, government revenue, and household expenditure. Finally, the Pearson correlation coefficient shows a positive and direct relationship between Arbaeen tourism and tourism branding in Khuzestan Province. Based on the results, it can be concluded that Arbaeen tourism possesses significant economic potential in Khuzestan Province, requiring an aggressive strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Identification, Prioritization, and Analysis of Stakeholders of Vanak Tourism Area Based on the Cooperation-threat Dual Potential and SAW Method
Mohsen Cheshmberah Samaneh Asefi Alireza MansoorianIdentifying and analyzing tourism stakeholders and formulating effective strategies is one of the most important subjects in the success of tourism programs. The focus of this article is on identifying and analyzing the stakeholders of tourism in the Vanak region. In th MoreIdentifying and analyzing tourism stakeholders and formulating effective strategies is one of the most important subjects in the success of tourism programs. The focus of this article is on identifying and analyzing the stakeholders of tourism in the Vanak region. In this regard, the Freeman model has been used to identify the stakeholders. For this purpose, a questionnaire was distributed among 20 experts in the region and after collecting and analyzing the collected data, a list of stakeholders (by types) and the salient expectations of each group were provided. Based on the cooperation-threat dual potential stakeholders were placed in the positioning matrix based on which one of the four strategies was proposed. To prioritize the stakeholders in each of the four areas, index A has been used as a weighted sum of the three criteria of power, legitimacy, and urgency. In this regard, the multi-criteria SAW method based on seven steps has been used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Ecotourism potential analysing of Lenjan township and Factors influencing its development
Manijeh Abdollahi sedighe abdollahi Alireza IldoromiIn this age, tourism as one of the most dynamic economic activities, plays an important rule in the sustainable local development. today the tourism organization pay attion to tourism and protecting the environment than previous times in all around the world. So it is v MoreIn this age, tourism as one of the most dynamic economic activities, plays an important rule in the sustainable local development. today the tourism organization pay attion to tourism and protecting the environment than previous times in all around the world. So it is very important to know the natured potential of each region and adjust for attract ecotourism and improving the level of development in regions. Lenjan township can have an important rule in attract ecotourism because of some natural interesting such as Shahlolack water fall, Zayande roud Coastal village, Struck pass, Hossien Abad Canoe Lake and to have suitable weather. the purpose of this research is to know the ecotourism interesting of the Lenjan township and planning and presenting suitable solution for developing tourism especially ecotourism. In this study that has been regulated using questionnaire, using Descriptive- Analatic method during Library procedure has considered the ecotourism potential of Lenjan township by asking of some voluntary tourist in its ecotourism area and then SPSS software and some tests such as U mann Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis, Peterson correlation test and Goodness-of-fit was used to analyze. The research finding show that, the ecotourism potential is more than other tourism interesting. Lack of knowlage of natural potential of region have been effective to ecotourism failure to develop. Ecotourism potential planning can be effective to its development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - The Feasibility and Management of Tourist Attractions with Emphasis on Tourists' Viewpoints (A Case Study of Borazjan)
Masoud Safaeepour majid guodarzi Fatemeh Ghoddousi fardTourism is one of the most important activities of contemporary human beings, which along with making dramatic changes in the image of the earth, changes the political, economic and cultural conditions of human life. Today, tourism industry is one of the most important MoreTourism is one of the most important activities of contemporary human beings, which along with making dramatic changes in the image of the earth, changes the political, economic and cultural conditions of human life. Today, tourism industry is one of the most important sources of production, income, employment and infrastructure to achieve sustainable development and has been accepted as one of the economic factors of countries by economic planners. The aim of this study was to investigate and analyze the tourism potentials of Borazjan. The target community includes experts, tourism experts, tourists and passersby who have visited the understudy area. To analyze the data, single-sample T-tests, Friedman and Kai Square were used through the SPSS software. The results showed that in most of the tourism capacities of Borazjan the amount of calculation is too much for the base and more importantly, in most capacities, this difference is statistically significant and the status of items related to tourist attractions is significant; to put it more precisely, Borazjan has high tourism potential in Bushehr province in terms of its natural, religious, and historical conditions with averages of 17.22, 15.17, and 9.56 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Identification of Geotourism potentials for the economic development of Meshginshahr city
zahra faturechi Behrouz Nezafat. In order for tourism to contribute to the economic development of the region, its effects should be given special attention in the tourism industryThe purpose of this research is to identify the geotourism potentials for the economic development of Meshgin Shahr city More. In order for tourism to contribute to the economic development of the region, its effects should be given special attention in the tourism industryThe purpose of this research is to identify the geotourism potentials for the economic development of Meshgin Shahr city by using Violet and Kubalikova model. The study area includes the geotourist area of Meshgin Shahr. According to fiolet's model, the results show that the geotourist area of Meshgin Shahr has a variety of capabilities with a total score of (10). Among the geotourism indicators, the mentioned area has a high score (1) in terms of rarity, historical importance and strengths, which has a great impact on the economy of Meshgin Shahr region. Also, the results obtained from the Kubalikova model showed that Meshgin Shahr region has the highest score with a value of (9.25). Therefore, the results showed that this increases income and economic prosperity and employment, and Meshginshahr city has a nascent and growing economy, and the tourism industry is the best option for the economic growth and development of this city. It is taken By evaluating and identifying geotourism potentials in the direction of the economic development of Meshginshahr city, it will lead to the development of geotourism areas and attract tourists. In order to use more models and subjects for the impact of tourism on the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - پتانسیل ضد میکروبی و آنتی اکسیدانی کشت کالوس Convolvulus microphyllus Sieb
بوسکی پانچولی ام گوتامBackground & Aim: Convolvulus microphyllus Sieb. ex Spreng. (Family: Convolvulaceae) known as “Shankhpushpi” is reported to be brain tonic and useful in CNS disorder, hypertension, thyrotoxicosis and ulcer. Tissue culture technique has been optimized for MoreBackground & Aim: Convolvulus microphyllus Sieb. ex Spreng. (Family: Convolvulaceae) known as “Shankhpushpi” is reported to be brain tonic and useful in CNS disorder, hypertension, thyrotoxicosis and ulcer. Tissue culture technique has been optimized for the large scale production of medicinally important plant independent from climatic and geographic conditions. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were performed and compared with in vivo. Active compounds with biological activities were isolated, identified from the callus extracts. These biological constituents can be propagated in large amount with low cost use tissue culture techniques. Experimental: Cell cultures of C. microphyllus have been established using Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D). Callus was harvested at different time intervals of 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks and their antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials along with the isolation of active compounds isolation were carried out using established protocols.Results: Ethanolic extracts of 2 weeks-old callus demonstrated appreciable antifungal activity against Penicillium chrysogenum and Tricophyton rubrum (inhibition zone of 14.66 ± 0.66 and 14.00 ± 0.57 mm respectively) while maximum antibacterial activity was recorded in 6 and 4 weeks-old callus against Klebsiella pneumoniae (Inhibition zone of 14.66 ± 0.61 mm and 14.33 ± 0.59 mm respectively). Antioxidant potentials were more in plant extract (IC50 0.055 mg/ml and 510 ± 20.02 ascorbic acid equivalents) as compared to callus. Phenolic acids viz., caffeic-, p- coumaric-, ferulic-, gallic-, vanillic- and syringic acids were isolated and screened for antimicrobial efficacy.Recommended applications/industries: The callus extract shows similar results as that of In vivo plant. Two week old callus exhibit most profound antifungal and 4 to 6 week for antimicrobial activities. Callus extract shows similar bio-potentials and secondary metabolites level, so it can be used for large scale production of biologically active phytochemicals with antimicrobial properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - The Economic Indexes and National Security of Iran
Zarir Negintaji Homan Hosseini Azin KianiWith the end of the Cold War and the advent of question of globalization in the political economy system of the world the soft source of security policies found its special place despite the continuation of the importance of hard aspect of security. This means the satis MoreWith the end of the Cold War and the advent of question of globalization in the political economy system of the world the soft source of security policies found its special place despite the continuation of the importance of hard aspect of security. This means the satisfaction, and internal, regional and global legitimacy of governments, progress and level of development, their share in producing world’s wealth and their role in international organizations and institutions are among the most important factors for maintaining national security in present era. In present situation the security finds its real meaning in its extensive scope. The economic problems and economic development have become the source of government’s power and strength and national security is conceptualizing in that direction. This means that security besides its military aspect have other important aspect like economic, ecological, cultural aspect as well. The present paper tries to look extensively to the issue of security and the economic aspect of security and the impact of economic indexes on the security of Islamic Republic of Iran are discussed in detail. For this reason the paper borrows Copenhagen school theory of security which has an extensive view about security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - عوامل حیوانی، شرایط بدنی، عملکرد تولید شیر و کیفیت چرای گاوهای شیری: یک مطالعه مروری
آ.آی. روکا-فرناندزمبنا و اساس این مطالعه مروری در نظر گرفتن نقشی است که عوامل حیوانی (تولید شیر بالقوه، وزن بدن، امتیاز شرایط بدنی، وضعیت شیردهی، شکم زایش و باروری) در عملکرد تولید شیر (با در نظر گرفتن توازن انرژی و عملکرد شکمبه در طی منحنی کامل شیردهی حیوانات) و کیفیت شیر (محتوای پروتئی Moreمبنا و اساس این مطالعه مروری در نظر گرفتن نقشی است که عوامل حیوانی (تولید شیر بالقوه، وزن بدن، امتیاز شرایط بدنی، وضعیت شیردهی، شکم زایش و باروری) در عملکرد تولید شیر (با در نظر گرفتن توازن انرژی و عملکرد شکمبه در طی منحنی کامل شیردهی حیوانات) و کیفیت شیر (محتوای پروتئین شیر، محتوای چربی شیر، محتوای لاکتوز شیر، ویتامین­ها، مواد معدنی، ایمنوگلوبولین­ها، سلول­های شیر، باکتری­های بیماریزا و بازدارنده­ها) گاوهای شیری در حال چرا ایفا می­کنند. البته نرخ جایگزینی و پاسخ تولید شیر در مرتع حیوانات در شرایط مصرف برنامه­های مکمل­سازی مختلف باید در نظر گرفته شود. تمامی این عوامل، در جهت دستیابی به تولید شیر بالا در حیوانات، به مدیریت مرتع به عنوان عامل کلیدی بقای سیستم­های شیری چرا توجه دارند. همچنین مدیریت مرتع به منظور حفظ مصرف ماده خشک مرتعی بالا در چمنزارهای با کیفیت علوفه گرامینه بالا (دارای سطوح بالای پروتئین خام، کربوهیدرات­های محلول در آب و قابلیت هضم ماده آلی در مرتع ولی دارای سطوح پایین الیاف نامحلول در محلول پاک کننده اسیدی و خنثی) حائز اهمیت است. این نوع چمنزارها در تمامی طول فصل چرا نیازهای گاو را در تمامی زمان­ها و در طی طول دوره شیردهی برآورده می­نمایند. همچنین ضروری است تا استفاده از مکمل­سازی مرتع بتواند سطح تولید شیر را در حد مطلوب حفظ نماید. به طور طبیعی در نقطه اوج دوره شیردهی یعنی زمانی که گاوها به طور کلی در وضعیت توازن منفی انرژی هستند فراهم نمودن مواد سیلو شده یا کنسانتره می­تواند به بهبود این شرایط کمک کند. به موجب این امر، باید به دنبال دستیابی به نرخ تبدیل بهینه علوفه گرامینه به شیر به صورت رقابتی و سودآور بود. برای نیل به این هدف سیستم­های تولید شیر مبتنی بر مرتع در بیشتر مناطق معتدله در سرتاسر جهان ایجاد شده است که تأکید آنها بر افزایش قیمت شیر و افزایش درآمد دامداران در نواحی مرطوبی نظیر گالیسیا (در شمال غربی اسپانیا) است. در این صورت بهبود کمیت و کیفیت شیر تولیدی به صنایع شیری انتقال می­یابد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
181 - مطالعه موانع مزارع شیری سنتی از طریق بررسی تولیدات بالقوه و عملکردی شیر
م.ت. سرایری ی. سانیتو جی.ف. توراندمطالعه حاضر تفاوت بین تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی را در 6 گله بررسی نمود. این دو فراسنجه و تغییرات آنها در پروژه آبیاری غرب (شمال ­غرب موراکو) در طی یک دوره 5 ماهه بررسی شد. تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی در رابطه با تغییرات در جیره گاوه Moreمطالعه حاضر تفاوت بین تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی را در 6 گله بررسی نمود. این دو فراسنجه و تغییرات آنها در پروژه آبیاری غرب (شمال ­غرب موراکو) در طی یک دوره 5 ماهه بررسی شد. تولید شیر روزانه بالقوه و تولید شیر عملکردی در رابطه با تغییرات در جیره گاوها و وزن بدنشان آنالیز شدند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که تحت شرایط پرورشی سنتی گاوها در موراکو (در شرایطی که عمده­ واحدهای کوچک و مزارع زیر 20 هکتار هستند) تولید گاوهای شیری موانع فراوانی دارند. یکی از بارزترین موارد تأثیرگذار فقدان دانش کشاورزان از نیازمندی­های گاوهای شیری و تغییرات آن در طی دوره شیردهی است. به­ علاوه، به نظر می­رسد در مزارع گاوهای شیری تغییرات در انرژی خالص علوفه­ها، محتوای پروتئین خام قابل تجزیه و قابل متابولیسم شکمبه­ای را نادیده گرفته میشود که این امر منجر به بروز اشتباهات بسیاری در تأمین مکمل­های کنسانتره­ای می شود. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که تولید شیر عملکردی (واقعی) اغلب پائین­تر از تولید شیر بالقوه است که به دسترسی محدود به علوفه که مترادف با خطا در تنظیم جیره­ها میباشد اشاره دارد. در انتها، نتایج حاکی از این است که در استفاده از گاوهای با ارزش ژنتیکی بالا (به دلیل قیمت زیادشان) در مزارع با دسترسی نامنظم به خوراک (که مترادف با تنظیم جیرههای فاقد بالانس است) باید تجدید نظر کرد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Fortification of Catalase Improves Post Thaw Fertility of Goat Semen
R. Ranjan P. Singh C. Gangwar S.P. Singh D.K. Swain S.D. Kharche -
Open Access Article
183 - Opportunities and Challenges of rural tourism development in Lahijan County, Iran
Nooreddin Azimi Ghazal AlidousrAlong with the expansion of the share of tourism activities in global economy, tourism in rural areas has become a mechanism for the revival of rural communities and is supported by local and federal governments. Considering the natural situation and the existence of di MoreAlong with the expansion of the share of tourism activities in global economy, tourism in rural areas has become a mechanism for the revival of rural communities and is supported by local and federal governments. Considering the natural situation and the existence of diverse cultural context in Lahijan Region, this paper tries to identify the potentials of rural tourism in this region. The main research method in this research is content analysis and the utilized data come mainly from documents and field-based methods (deep interview). In this research, we investigate the capabilities of rural tourism in seven rural districts of Lahijan (Roodbaneh, Shirjoiposht, Lafmajan, Baskiagorub, Ahandan, Lialistan and Lil). The results of the findings show that there are 14 types of tourism attractions in Lahijan Rejion which have been distributed in seven Dehestans (Rural District) and 28 villages. Of the seven Dehestans of Lahijan Shahrestan, Lil is considered to be the most important one, and among the villages, Sarcheshmeh, Chichi-Nikoti, Sheikhanber, Azarestan and Balaji Jarankish villages are the most important villages to develop tourism activities. The existence of foothill forests, nature, rivers and hills covered with tea gardens and rice fields, hiking, fishing, and religious shrines are the most important attractions of rural tourism in the study area. Finally, the paper identifies the barriers and problems of tourism activities in rural areas, and proposes strategies for the development of rural tourism in Lahijan Region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Comparative assessment of tourism in the aim villages of Golestan Province
Khadije Buzar jomehri Mehdi modudi arkhodiUnemployment and lack of employment opportunities as the main problem in rural areas, while driving a significant portion of human resources in rural areas , has been imposed undesirable effects on population structure, social and economic urban and rural areas has been MoreUnemployment and lack of employment opportunities as the main problem in rural areas, while driving a significant portion of human resources in rural areas , has been imposed undesirable effects on population structure, social and economic urban and rural areas has been imposed. Status of agriculture in the future reflect the reality that, increasing employment in rural areas requires the development of industry and services sectors and therefore one of the main strategies to solve rural problems is, structural and functional diversification of rural economy. Rural tourism as an empowerment strategy and having comparative advantage can cause economic development through entrepreneurship and private investment, and create the necessary background for development of small and medium businesses. Precondition for the realization of this case is identifying the centers that have advantages of tourism attraction. This study has been done for identifying the potential for sustainable tourism in the aim villages of Golestan Province and prioritize them for necessary investments. This research is applied and based on the descriptive-analytical methods.The population of the study in clouds 30 relevant experts and 384 households determined by Cochran formula. Data collected have been possible through library resources and field survey and prioritization of villages based on (Topsis) model. Research findings shows that there is not an effective agreement between the level abilities of natural, cultural-historical tourism villages of zone, with the infrastructure level of them. On the other hand a significant correlation between the volume of tourist and infrastructure potential, shows that enjoyment of natural, cultural-historic potential of villages is not possible without improving infrastructure potential of them. Using topsis model and rating tourism capabilities was specified that from thirteen tourist villages in Golestan provinceZeearat village from Gorgan county, Pa qale from Ramian county and Afratakhte in Ali Abad county have the most tourism potential.to increase the number of tourists Of the goal villages improving the basic facilities and gradation of the accessibility have been suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - Ecological Evaluation of Urban Development in Tabriz County by Analytic Network Process
رحیم سرور محمد علی خلیجیIt is essential to achieve sustainable development and a comprehensive evaluation plan relying on the natural environment. Land capability analysis for urban development is one of the main issues that urban planners are dealing with it. The present method is descriptive MoreIt is essential to achieve sustainable development and a comprehensive evaluation plan relying on the natural environment. Land capability analysis for urban development is one of the main issues that urban planners are dealing with it. The present method is descriptive - analytic. Determine the best site for the development of Tabriz, the model that used in this study is analytic network process (ANP), is used to determine the relative weight of each criterion. The results shows that central and Eastern zone of Tabriz best place to developments, Northern and southern zone is considered to be inappropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - The recongnition and presentation of rural tourism potential of Bandar Anzaly town ship
akbar motamedimehr pari mospour Bandar Anzaly is one of Guilan’s town ship that its sand and etang attracts a lot of tourists in different periods of year. This town ship is one of attractive points oft because of its natural attract. But tourists just know the sea and etang o More Bandar Anzaly is one of Guilan’s town ship that its sand and etang attracts a lot of tourists in different periods of year. This town ship is one of attractive points oft because of its natural attract. But tourists just know the sea and etang of this city and they have less knowlege about its beautiful and green villages of this town ship. The main goal of this papar is the tourism potential recognition and presentation of this township’s villages that will increase the rural tounists of this rigion. After study and data collection process based on villages abilities, Ghatman Method was used in order to classification the abilities. Then the villagess were graduated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - A Synoptic Study of Heavy Rain in Southern Regions of Bushehr Province
Amir GandomkarHeavy rains are one of the features of arid and semi-arid climates which result in flood. This kind of rainfall originates from environmental and synoptic conditions. Mediterranean cyclones are the major factors in heavy rainfall in Iran, but these cyclones do not happe MoreHeavy rains are one of the features of arid and semi-arid climates which result in flood. This kind of rainfall originates from environmental and synoptic conditions. Mediterranean cyclones are the major factors in heavy rainfall in Iran, but these cyclones do not happen in some parts of Iran such as Southern and Southeastern areas. In this study, it has been tried to pinpoint the synoptic reasons of heavy rainfall in Southern regions of Bushehr province through the analysis of the relationship between this rainfall in Bushehr province and atmospheric system over Iran and the areas around it. The findings of this study show that the major cause of heavy and torrential rains is the arrival of Sudanese low pressure system in this region from the South and Southwest. Albeit, if the ascent local conditions such as heat occur, the heaviest rains happen in Southern regions of Bushehr province. In fact, this kind of rainfall in this area has a Sudanese origin and if it is accompanied by Mediterranean system, heavier rain falls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - عملکرد آنتوریوم (Anthurium andraeanum Lind) تحت تأثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی مختلف
انریکه ای بیناس جونیور گیلبرت وی لومنتاک امینا آ موکادمتولید آنتوریوم بخش مهمی از صنعت گلکاری و گل­ های شاخه بریده است. تلفیق منابع تغذیه آلی و معدنی، برای تولید آنتوریوم یکی از بهترین عملیات مدیریتی است. این مطالعه برای دستیابی به تاثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی به­ عنوان منابع تغذیه خارجی روی عملکرد آنتوریوم انجام شد. ای Moreتولید آنتوریوم بخش مهمی از صنعت گلکاری و گل­ های شاخه بریده است. تلفیق منابع تغذیه آلی و معدنی، برای تولید آنتوریوم یکی از بهترین عملیات مدیریتی است. این مطالعه برای دستیابی به تاثیر کودهای آلی و معدنی به­ عنوان منابع تغذیه خارجی روی عملکرد آنتوریوم انجام شد. این پژوهش با دو فاکتور در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی (RCBD) 3×3، طراحی شد. داده ­ها با ANOVA تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. مقایسه میانگین تیمارها با کمک آزمون معنی­ داری تفاوت­ ها در توکی (HSD) انجام شد. فاکتورهای مختلف عبارت بودند از: M1: پوست نارگیل، M2: پوست نارگیل با کود مرغی و M3: پوست نارگیل با کود گاوی در فاکتور A؛ فاکتور B شامل F0: بدون کود معدنی، F1: 60-60-90 (NPK) و F2: 30-30-45 (NPK). نتایج نشان داد که کودهای مرغی و گاوی به­ عنوان بخشی از بستر کاشت، به شکل معنی ­داری رشد آنتوریوم را بدون در نظر گرفتن مقدار مصرف، بهبود می­ بخشند. درآمد خالص بعلاوه برگشت سرمایه در همه تیمارها، منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
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189 - The Influence of Water-Deficit Stress on Growth, Water Relations and Solute Accumulation in Wild Jujube(Ziziphus lotus)
M. Maraghni M. Gorai M. NeffatiWild jujube, Ziziphus lotus, is a multipurpose xerophytic shrub of the Rhamnaceae family widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of Tunisia, where it occupies most soil types. The fruit is the edible part of the plant by local population. The reintroduction of MoreWild jujube, Ziziphus lotus, is a multipurpose xerophytic shrub of the Rhamnaceae family widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of Tunisia, where it occupies most soil types. The fruit is the edible part of the plant by local population. The reintroduction of this shrub requires the control of its multiplication in response to water shortage. This study aims to evaluate growth and water relations of wild jujube seedlings under water deficit stress. After multiplication and growth under well-watered conditions, water deficit stress was imposed to seedlings by controlled deficit irrigation to 40 and 70% of field capacity (FC) for 15, 30 and 45 days. Soil of control plants was maintained at 100% FC throughout the experiments. Best growth was recorded for control plants, while water deficit successively reduced dry matter production and leaf number per plant. In addition, relative water content of leaves and branch water potential decreased significantly under severe drought stress. Plants subjected to 40% FC, accumulated respectively, 1.5 and 15-fold more soluble sugars and proline in leaves than controls. There was a strong negative relationship identified between leaf proline concentration and branch water potential with R2=0.85, reflecting the importance of this amino acid ability for osmotic adjustment in Z. lotus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Mahabad Spring Freezing Forecasting, Using Synoptic Study
A, Gandomkar -
Open Access Article
191 - Estimation of Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Wheat at Rupandehi District of Nepal
Govinda BhandariThis study is carried out to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for Wheat, BL 3235 variety. A lysimeter is installed to estimate PET at the experimental farm of Agricultural Research Center of Bhairahawa, which is located in wester MoreThis study is carried out to estimate the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and crop coefficient (Kc) for Wheat, BL 3235 variety. A lysimeter is installed to estimate PET at the experimental farm of Agricultural Research Center of Bhairahawa, which is located in western part of Nepal. The Blaney-Criddle formula is used to estimate the Kc for wheat. The estimated values of PET and Kc for wheat at the four crop growth stages (initial, crop development, mid-season/reproductive and late season/maturity) are 3.5 cm, 7.82 cm, 11.3 cm, 1.16 cm and 0.34, 0.67, 0.73, 0.06 respectively. The total value of PET and average value of Kc for Wheat is 23.78 cm and 0.45. Aridity index (AI), the ratio of precipitation to PET, is an important parameter to determine the dryness of a region. The average value of AI at the Wheat growing season (January to April, 2011) in Bhairahawa is 0.39, and is classified as a semiarid region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - Estimation of Potential Evapotranspiration and Crop Coefficient of Maize at Rupandehi District of Nepal
Govinda BhandariThis study was conducted to determine the potential evapotranspiration (PET) of maize, the crop coefficient (Kc) under full water requirement as well as the cause of decrease in maize yield. It was determined that the seasonal PET of maize is about 486.6 mm. The Kc unde MoreThis study was conducted to determine the potential evapotranspiration (PET) of maize, the crop coefficient (Kc) under full water requirement as well as the cause of decrease in maize yield. It was determined that the seasonal PET of maize is about 486.6 mm. The Kc under full water supply was found to be: 0.11, 0.35, 1.51 and 0.34 for initial, development, midseason and the late season stages respectively. The study also revealed that maintenance of sufficient moisture need of maize has a significant effect on growth, development and fruiting of the crop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
193 - Study of reservoir potential limiting factors of the Mishan Formation in the west of Fars
Alireza Rastegar Lari -
Open Access Article
194 - Genetic Potential Evaluation of Source Rocks in Masjed Soleiman Oil Field
Zahra Rezaee Amin Karampour Bahram Alizadeh -
Open Access Article
195 - Laboratory study to measure the swelling potential of fine-grained clay soils: A case study for Malekan city
Mehrdad Amiri Parisa Khosravi Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti -
Open Access Article
196 - Assessment of the clay mineralogy effect on Ajabshir soils’ physicochemical characteristics and swelling phenomenon
Maryam Golnezhad Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti -
Open Access Article
197 - Investigation of the swelling aspect from Marageh city’s clayey soil based on mineralogy effects and physicochemical properties
Dariush Ahadi Ravoshti Maryam Golnezhad -
Open Access Article
198 - Numerical Modeling for Behavioral Analysis of Expansive Soil under Shallow Foundations
Mehdi Kouhdaragh Morteza Alemyparvin -
Open Access Article
199 - Electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide by cyclic voltammetry and constant potential methods on copper substrate
majid mirzayee chanigiz dehghanianIn this paper, graphene oxide (GO) was reduced using inexpensive and environmentally friendly methods on the copper substrate. These methods included constant potential and cyclic voltammetry. In the cyclic voltammetry method, GO was deposited on the copper substrate an MoreIn this paper, graphene oxide (GO) was reduced using inexpensive and environmentally friendly methods on the copper substrate. These methods included constant potential and cyclic voltammetry. In the cyclic voltammetry method, GO was deposited on the copper substrate and reduced. In the constant potential method, GO was firstly deposited by a drop cast and then reduced by constant potential method. Electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) was characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. In this study, the results showed that the constant potential method was the best method for the electrochemical reducing of GO. In this way, most functional groups had been reduced. In addition, a high density of the defects and wrinkling of the sheets was observed. The Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) test also proved that most of the conductivity belonged to the GO reduced by the constant potential method. Consequently, the method can replace chemical methods for the reducing of GO and eliminate the major weakness of chemical methods that use toxic substances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Mother’s Patience Components and Child Abuse Potential: The Mediation Role of Emotional Dysregulation
Marziyeh, Sadeghzadeh Fatemeh Behzadi Farhad KhormaeiThe purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between mother’s child abuse potential and components of patience. The sample consisted of 300 mothers in Bushehr, whose children were enrolled in the MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between mother’s child abuse potential and components of patience. The sample consisted of 300 mothers in Bushehr, whose children were enrolled in the pre-school in the year of 2017-2018. The participants were selected through targeted-sampling method and completed the questionnaires of Patience (Khormaee, Farmani & Soltani, 2014), Emotional Dysregulation (Bradley, DeFife, Guarnaccia, Phifer, Fani, Ressler & Wetsen, 2011) and, a short form of Child Abuse Potential Scale (Ondersma, Chaffin, & LeBreton, 2005). Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The findings showed the optimal fitness of assumed model and indicated partial mediation role of the emotional dysregulation components in the relationship between the mother’s patience and her child abuse potential. The direct and indirect effects of patience components on child abuse potential were discussed. The final model, in general, emphasizes on the importance of considering patience in the process of family trainings, especially mothers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - The Relationship between Dimensions of Mother's Attachment and Mother's Reflective Functioning with Preschool Aggression: The Mediating Role of Child Abuse Potential
Fateme Talebian Sharif seyed Amir Aminyazdi Maryam BordbarThis study aimed to investigate the mediating role of child abuse potential in the relationship between dimensions of mother’s attachment and mother’s reflective functioning with preschool aggression. This study examined the relationships of the variables as MoreThis study aimed to investigate the mediating role of child abuse potential in the relationship between dimensions of mother’s attachment and mother’s reflective functioning with preschool aggression. This study examined the relationships of the variables as correlation research by path analysis method. The statistical population of the research included mothers with preschool children (4 to 6 years) in Mashhad. For this purpose, 337 mothers were selected through convenient sampling and were asked to fill the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (Luyten, Mayes, Nijssens & Fonagy, 2017), the Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins,1996), the Brief Child Abuse Potential Inventory (Ondersma, Chaffin, Mullins & LeBreton, 2005) and the parent form of Preschool Aggression Scale (Vahedi, Fathiazar, Hosseini nasab & Moghadam, 2008) which were available online. The results of the path analysis, which confirmed the model fit, showed that attachment anx- iety has indirect effects on aggression through the path of pre-mentalization-child abuse potential. The indirect effects of attachment anxiety on preschool aggression through the certainty about mental states and curiosity in the mental states were also significant. Also, the only indirect effect of attachment avoidance on aggression was through child abuse potential. The research findings indicate the role of attachment and reflective functioning in identifying potentials related to mothers’ abuse potential and preschool aggression. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Evaluation of the ecological potential of tourism and protection of Nayband National Marine Park by zoning the land and offshore sections
nazli moghadam yekta R. Hejazi A. KarimiIn this study, the ecological potential of tourism and protection of the land and offshore section of Nayband National Marine Park, in the southeastern part of the Kangan city in Bushehr province was evaluated. Therefore, after identifying the environmental resources of MoreIn this study, the ecological potential of tourism and protection of the land and offshore section of Nayband National Marine Park, in the southeastern part of the Kangan city in Bushehr province was evaluated. Therefore, after identifying the environmental resources of the area, investigation and preparation of required maps using Landscape Ecology Method using Geographic Information System (GIS) was started. Using national and international criteria, ecological potential of the region for recreational activities was assessed and by overlaying of maps, suitable recreation areas were identified for both land and offshore regions. Two levels (levels 1 and 2) were identified for the land sector and 1 level for the offshore area. Taking into account the growing of the economic development around the region and considering the location of the protected and sensitive areas within the study area, the recreational package was finalized. After zoning and determining the uses of protected areas, based on the information obtained from the identification of biophysical and socioeconomic resources, the zones were presented to supplement the objectives of management and planning of programs at three levels of long term (25 to 50 years), medium term (5-25 years) and short term (5 years), of the national park. Due to the increase of the immigrant population in the region, and limited capacity of the park for recreational activities, the national park will not answer this volume of tourists. Therefore, two categories were set for the program, the first category was the removal of recreational activities from the National Marine Park of Nay Band to the areas outside the park with a higher priority and the second category was organizing the recreational activities of the park. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Assessment of Ecological Potential of Bolhasan- e- Dezful Area For Tourism by using MCDM
S. A. Jozi N. Moradi Majd H. AbdolahiBolhasan forest region with 5725 hectare area lies in north east of Dezful city. The region belongs to natural forests and tourist areas in Dezful. This area of creates appropriate potential to develop tourism. Tourism is largest and fastest growing industry in the worl MoreBolhasan forest region with 5725 hectare area lies in north east of Dezful city. The region belongs to natural forests and tourist areas in Dezful. This area of creates appropriate potential to develop tourism. Tourism is largest and fastest growing industry in the world. در توسعه سریع صنعت توریسم، سریع ترین رشد در بخش اکوتوریسم بوده که بین 5/2 تا 7 درصد سریع تر از سایر بخش های توریسم توسعه یافته اسThe rapid development of tourism, the fastest growth in the ecotourism sector has been developed between 5.2 to 7 percent faster than other sectors.Tourism as a dynamic industrial development with characteristics expansionist plays important role in the world economy. Growth of this industry in each country requires effective strategy and program management. ارزیابی توان اکولوژیکی مناطق در راستای کاربری توریسم به عنوان ابزاری برای حصول به این هدف شناخته شده است.Evaluation of ecological tourism potentials areas in order to register as a tool is known for achieving this goal. In this regard, and given the ecological specificity of Bolhasan area, evaluation of the conditions in the region was fulfilled by weighing the criteria with Hierarchy Analysis Process (AHP) in the Expert Choice soft ware. In this research, evaluation of the criteria, by AHP, Geographic data systems was followed by display of ecological power status by means of such method and transfer of the inputs on the map. Results of the research indicate that about 18.74% equivalent to 4419 hectares of area have been very desired for tourism, extensive, 21.18% equivalent to 1232 hectares of area with desired and 7.7% equivalent to 84 ha, with possible undesirable and 87.32% equivalent to 1881 hectares of area have be very desired for tourism focus, 6.15% equivalent to 882 ha area with desired and 61.51% equivalent to 2970 hectares with power is undesirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - A Study of development and decline of two cyclonic systems by calculation of available potential energy
M. Pardehdar H. Ardakani M. T. ZamanianOne of the most important atmosphere problems under studies in last few years is the problem of atmospheric energies and measurement of their components. To investigate this problem, scientists have divided it in two parts, kinetic energy and potential energy. The inten MoreOne of the most important atmosphere problems under studies in last few years is the problem of atmospheric energies and measurement of their components. To investigate this problem, scientists have divided it in two parts, kinetic energy and potential energy. The intensity of a cyclone or an anticyclones system is related to the kinetic energy produced by the systems. This amount of kinetic energy is a small portion of the total potential energy that is available to change into kinetic energy and named available potential energy. The work done in this research is the calculation of available potential energy for two different systems over Iran ,in based on A.S.Zverev's (1972) method .Fnl data was provided for two baroclinic systems , for every 6 hours. The first system (The powerful one) is from 17 February 2008 to end of 21 February 2008 and the second (The weak one) is from 29 March 2009 to 2 April 2009 . Another work done in this research to indicate the type of system is the calculation of tilt of axis. We can see that, the amount of available potential energy was at its maximum at the beginning of cyclone's formation (It was 14549 kJ/m2 for the first system and 6376 kJ/m2 for the second system) and also the tilt of axis at the first time of formation was maximum (89.8º for the first system and 89.85º for the second system) and at the time of decline reach to their smallest value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - Isolation and identification chitinolytic bacteria from plan rhizosphere soil and their potential in antifungal biocontrol
Tahereh Salahinezhad Zoheir Heshmatipour Masoud HashemikarouiBackground and Objectives: Chitinase is one of the most important industrial enzymes, which is recently employed especially in the biological control of pathogenic fungi. This study was aimed to isolate and to identify the chitin degrading bacteria obtained from the rhi MoreBackground and Objectives: Chitinase is one of the most important industrial enzymes, which is recently employed especially in the biological control of pathogenic fungi. This study was aimed to isolate and to identify the chitin degrading bacteria obtained from the rhizosphere soil and also to evaluate their antifungal ability. Materials and Methods: In this study, 38 soil samples from the rhizosphere of tea plants, Geranium and clover were collected randomly. After serial dilution and growth of the samples on colloidal chitin agar (CCA), the isolates with a clear zone were chosen for further studies. The presence of Chitinase enzyme was measured by a spectrophotometer. Next, we determined the antifungal activity of the isolates against Fusarium solani. Finally, the isolates were identified based on polymerase chain reaction and sequencing 16S rRNA genes. Results: In this study, only one new strain referred to as Serratia Salahi strains was isolated which showed the chitin degrading activity. The highest enzymatic activity (4.37 U/ml) of this strain was obtained at 30°C after 4 days. Furthermore, the antifungal activity of this bacterium could create 1.5 cm inhibition zone. Conclusion: According to the findings, this new strain can be used as a natural pesticide and therefore, it is possible to replace the synthetic pesticides with this natural compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - In Vitro Evaluation of Optimized Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoids Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles
Simin Hosseini Mojtaba Noofeli Mahrooz Dezfulian Hamidreza Goudarzi Zahra Salehi NajafabadiBackground and objective: Diphtheria and tetanus vaccine contains a high quantity of aluminum as an adjuvant potential to affect the nervous system, particularly in infants with kidney disease. Thus, the focus of this study was on in vitro preparation and evaluation to MoreBackground and objective: Diphtheria and tetanus vaccine contains a high quantity of aluminum as an adjuvant potential to affect the nervous system, particularly in infants with kidney disease. Thus, the focus of this study was on in vitro preparation and evaluation to co-deliver DT toxoids by loading on alginate nanoparticles (NPs) as a non-toxic substance without antigenicity.Materials and Methods: Using the gel-ionization method, alginate NPs samples were prepared and characterized in respect of size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI). The effects of alginate concentrations, calcium chloride, and Poly Lysine and the stirring time and speed in addition to the loading efficiency, loading capacity, and in vitro release profile were assessed.Results: The optimized NPs were prepared at a concentration of 0.02 %w/v sodium alginate, 0.1 %w/v calcium chloride, and 0.04% w/v Poly L-Lysine during 45 minutes of stirring at 1300 rpm. They also had a mean particle size <150 nm with a mean PDI of around 0.5. The appropriate loading efficiency was obtained at a concentration of loaded toxoids similar to a conventional DT vaccine, which resulted in the prolonged release of about 85% of loaded toxoids over 120 hours. The SDS-PAGE and dot-blot confirmed the stability and antigenic activity of the released toxoids.Conclusion: These results can significantly contribute to further developing alginate NPs containing DT toxoids in optimized in vitro conditions as a platform for in vivo evaluation to achieve a promising vehicle for immunization of infants and children against diphtheria and tetanus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Water- Balance and Agro- climatic Analysis in Shiraz Region, By Thornthwaite's methods
Abbas Ali AbounooriDrought is a random characteristic of natural phenomena, brought about by the irregulardeficit or shortage of available water, affects injuriously the plant growth and reduces their yield. Drought does not begin when rain ceases but rather only when plant roots can no l MoreDrought is a random characteristic of natural phenomena, brought about by the irregulardeficit or shortage of available water, affects injuriously the plant growth and reduces their yield. Drought does not begin when rain ceases but rather only when plant roots can no longer obtain soil moisture in needed amounts. To estimate the intensity and the frequency of droughts will help to reduce the injurious effect of drought. In this Study we used the water- budget methods and Thornthwaite's aridity index and its standard deviation for Shiraz during 88<8-9228 to show the frequency and the intensity of drought effects in this place. During this period this station is faced :< times different type of droughts on that five time severe and from the years of 9222 its severity and intensity is increased. We also find out that every ten year this station will affect : times severe type of drought. The most severe drought was the years 9228,and it was repeated lower intensity in the year of 9221 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - Biophysical Characteristics of Deli River Watershed to Know Potential Flooding in Medan City, Indonesia
Sumihar Hutapea -
Open Access Article
209 - Determination of the Potential Habitat of Range Plant Species Using Maximum Entropy Method
Fatemeh Palashi Hossein Piri Sahragard Majid Ajorlo -
Open Access Article
210 - Quantitative Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used for Gastrointestinal Diseases in Bojnord, Iran
Mohabat Nadaf Majid Halimi Khalil Abad Reza Omidipour Mohamad Ehsan Tghavizadeh Yazdi -
Open Access Article
211 - Modeling of Artemisia sieberi Besser Habitat Distribution Using Maximum Entropy Method in Desert Rangelands
Hossein Piri Sahragard Mohammad Ali Zare Chahouki -
Open Access Article
212 - Determination of Potential Habitat of Two Rangeland Species in Semi-Desert Area Using GIS (Case Study: Watershed of Kolah Deraz, Qasr-e-Shirin, Iran)
Ali Mahdavi Mojtaba Jamshidifard -
Open Access Article
213 - Identifying effective indicators on the Business Model (BM) in the field of digital entrepreneurship
Hashem Tanoomandian Nasim NematizadehDigital developments have drastically changed business models and processes, and new models are emerging. Therefore, identifying the impact of driving factors on digital business models plays an important role in the success of businesses and the economy. While theory a MoreDigital developments have drastically changed business models and processes, and new models are emerging. Therefore, identifying the impact of driving factors on digital business models plays an important role in the success of businesses and the economy. While theory and practice show a growing interest in the potential of new business models as a result of digitalization, researches to date has not shown the main motivation for how to significantly adopt digital business models in industries. Considering the slowness of these changes in Iran and the problems of turning traditional businesses to Internet businesses, identifying the impact of driving factors on digital business models can play an important role in the development of businesses. To achieve this goal, an empirical study was conducted based on a theoretical foundation and four main drivers (with five items for each driver) were obtained in relation to the potential of the digital business model: key performance indicators, personalization, efficiency and communication. The findings of the structural equation model approach show that all four factors have a positive and significant effect on the potential of digital business models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Portfolio optimization in an upside potential and downside risk (UPM-LPM) framework
ali saleh abadi Mohsen Sayar Mojtaba ShahryariIn the process of evolving portfolio theory, In order to eliminate the defects and basic assumptions limitation of the traditional model, the concept of downside risk and the Mean-LPM model has been introduced. The Lower Partial Moment (LPM) has been the downside risk MoreIn the process of evolving portfolio theory, In order to eliminate the defects and basic assumptions limitation of the traditional model, the concept of downside risk and the Mean-LPM model has been introduced. The Lower Partial Moment (LPM) has been the downside risk measure that is most commonly used in portfolio analysis. Its major disadvantage is that its underlying utility functions are linear above some target return. As a result, the upper partial moment (UPM)/lower partial moment (LPM) analysis has been suggested in the recent researches. The UPM-LPM framework is powerful because it implements the full richness of economic utility theory such as Morgenstern economic utility function and prospect theory. In this study, using by stock market Sector indexes over 3 years period since 2010 to 2012, the mean-variance and UPM/LPM optimal portfolio has been calculated in different degrees of potential and risk aversion. In the next step, the optimal portfolio performance of both model has been measured over second period from 2013 to 2015. This research used MATLAB software for optimizing and analyzing of portfolio selection models. The Jobson-Korkie test has been used to measure the portfolio performance difference between Mean-Variance and UPM-LPM model. It was found that there is significant difference between results of Sharp ratio in Markowitz portfolio and UPM-LPM portfolio, and in the different risk/potential aversion approaches the UPM-LPM portfolio are significantly better than the traditional Markowitz model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Study of portfolio optimization based on downside risk, upside potential and behavioral variables efficiency
yavar mirabbasi hashem nikoumaram ali Saeidi Farideh HaghshenasWhile available models to measure the risk don’t consider the positive side of stock return probability distribution, this research tries to optimize the portfolio based on adjusted lower partial momentum (ALPM) with upside potential and behavioral variables to co MoreWhile available models to measure the risk don’t consider the positive side of stock return probability distribution, this research tries to optimize the portfolio based on adjusted lower partial momentum (ALPM) with upside potential and behavioral variables to compare the result with modern portfolio theory model which is one of the basic models in this area. This research studies 144 monthly portfolios of industry indices in Tehran Stock Exchange within 12 years and compute realized rate of return for those portfolios in next month. In the next stage the research make use of variance analysis between realized rates of return for portfolios made by two models. The present research determined that realized rate of return for portfolios made by ALPM are higher than modern portfolio theory model when investors are downside risk averse and upside potential lover. However in condition that investors are downside risk averse and upside potential averse there is not any difference between two model as well as when investors are downside risk averse and upside potential neutral. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Relativistic Stellar Models with Quadratic Equation of State
Manuel Malaver Hamed Daei Kasmaei -
Open Access Article
217 - Designing an Integrated Development Model for Assessing Coaching Competency Indicators in Educational Centers Using Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach (Case Study: Units and Centers of Islamic Azad University of West Azarbaijan Province)
Soror Heydari Aghjivan Kolsom KianniyaCoaching as a method of management development and a strategy for improving performance has been growing recently among managers of organizations. One of the most important research needs in this field is to identify factors affecting the success of coaching, in a pract MoreCoaching as a method of management development and a strategy for improving performance has been growing recently among managers of organizations. One of the most important research needs in this field is to identify factors affecting the success of coaching, in a practical and evaluable model in order to commit to manpower by using coaching skills and achieve individual and organizational performance. However, there is no research or literature on which of the factors of coaching competencies contributes the most to the improvement of individual and organizational performance for these organizations, especially academic centers. In the present study, in order to respond to this challenge, comprehensively and systematically identify all the criteria that are effective in the field of coaching competencies through documentary study and with the help of Fuzzy Delphi method and the opinion of 10 experts and using the approach Interpretive Structural Modeling was used to regulate and direct the complexity of the relationships between criteria and by developing an integrated model for the effectiveness of criteria. The results showed that the criteria of Supporting Ethical Values and Confidence in the Potential Abilities of Individuals have the highest effectiveness among the criteria of coaching competencies in the units of Islamic Azad University of West Azarbaijan Province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Study the effect of methanol and ascorbic acid foliar application on yield and physiological traits related to water relationships peanut under rainfed condition
Maral Moradi tochaee Saeid Saifzadeh Hamid Reza Zakerin Seyed Alireza ValadabadiIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and ascorbic acid on growth and yield of peanut (varNC2) in during 2015 year, an experiment was carried out in two locations of Astaneh Ashrafiyeh and Kiashahr. A randomized complete block design with MoreIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of methanol and ascorbic acid on growth and yield of peanut (varNC2) in during 2015 year, an experiment was carried out in two locations of Astaneh Ashrafiyeh and Kiashahr. A randomized complete block design with three replications on a factorial experiment with two factors including four levels of methanol include 0 (Control), 7, 14, and 21 volumetric percentage and four levels of ascorbic acid include (0 Control), 250, 500, and 750 mg/lit was used. Methanol and ascorbic acid foliar applications were done two times during the growing season with 15 days intervals and spraying started in 72 code stage of BBCH-scale. Measured traits in this experiment were consisted of: pod yield, seed yield, biological yield, protein yield, oil yield, pod water use efficiency, chlorophyll, leaf relative water content and leaf osmotic potential. The results showed the simple effects of methanol and ascorbic acid foliar applications on measured traits were positive significant. The maximum amount on measured traits were observed by two foliar application of methanol treatments (14 and 21 % (v/v)) and two foliar application of ascorbic acid treatments (500 and 750 mg/l) during experiment. In comparison to the control (without foliar application methanol), methanol application at 14 and 21 % v/v levels increased seed yield up to 20.15% and 24.65% respectively. The 17.36% and 20.67% amount of seed yield increase at 500 and 750 mg/l of ascorbic acid application respectively, in comparison to the control (without foliar application ascorbic acid). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - Estimation of the water requirement of several species of shrubs in the green space of Shiraz using the landscape plant factor
Majid Abasizadeh mohammad shokrollahzadehToday, the importance of water in maintaining life, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, is not hidden from anyone,.. There are various techniques to determine evaporation and transpiration, which include the use of empirical formulas, lysimeters, remote sensing and MoreToday, the importance of water in maintaining life, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, is not hidden from anyone,.. There are various techniques to determine evaporation and transpiration, which include the use of empirical formulas, lysimeters, remote sensing and satellite methods. It is micro-climatic technologies and methods of using plant transpiration coefficient. This research started in April 2014 and was completed by the middle of September 2014. Studies were conducted on three species of bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) and oleander (Nerium oleander L.) located in the parks and boulevards of all 9 districts of Shiraz municipality. To calculate the rate of evaporation and transpiration of the target plant, first the rate of evaporation and transpiration of the reference plant was calculated using the data of the Shiraz synoptic station and the standard Penman-Mantis-FAO method, and then the coefficient (KL) was calculated based on the California method. This coefficient is the key factor in estimating the water requirement of green space. The highest rate of reference evaporation and transpiration is related to the months of August and July, respectively, and the lowest is related to the months of Bahman and January. . The highest water requirement is between June and October. In order to solve a large part of the lack of water resources mentioned, methods such as recycling and reuse of returned water, using non-conventional water sources (sewage, sewage, gray water, etc.) and surface water and runoff are suggested as solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
220 - Physiological and morphological traits associated with grain yield improvement in post green revolution period in wheat and the future prospects
Hamidreza Miri Farahnaz MomtaziWheat grain yield had increased considerably during past year. The reports showed that this increase was about 1% per year in most of the cases. For example, the results of experiments conducted in Mexico, England, France, Argentina, China and Iran showed such trends. T MoreWheat grain yield had increased considerably during past year. The reports showed that this increase was about 1% per year in most of the cases. For example, the results of experiments conducted in Mexico, England, France, Argentina, China and Iran showed such trends. There is considerable interest for scientist to understanding the role of traits that involved in yield increasing, since grain improvement in wheat is an important problem. Increasing harvest index, reduced plant height, increasing grain number per ear, increasing ear number and to some extent increasing biomass, specially in the recent year that harvest index reached to maximum predict value, had the highest role in wheat yield improvement in past year. It seems that some traits had little changes during yield improvement in breeding programs and more efforts must be done to improving these traits. Some of these traits that in future breeding programs must be considered are, improving biomass production, improving rooting traits, increasing stem elongation period, improving RUE, improving efficiency of use of stem reserves to grain filling and improving ear morphology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - The Effects of Spermine and Salicylic Acid on Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) Cultivars (Badami and Qazvini) under Copper Stress
M.R. salarizadeh S. Saeidisar H. Abbaspour H. Hokmabadi -
Open Access Article
222 - Determination of e ω , e e x ω , e B , and e α using potential energy functions for heteronuclear diatomic molecules via spreadsheet program
Saleh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
223 - Selecting Drought Resistant Sweet Corn Cultivars Based on Germination Percentage and Seedling Proline Content under Osmotic Potentials Stress
Ali Shahriari Adam B Puteh Ghizan B Saleh Anuar B Abdul Rahim -
Open Access Article
224 - Production of Methane from Banana Peels by Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion
Fatima Ebich Rachida Hassikou Hassan El Bari Azzouz Essamri Rajaa Layachi -
Open Access Article
225 - Analysis of the Chemical Reactivity of Limonene by the Functional Density Theory Method Using Global Descriptors
Hayat EL Ouafy Tarik EL Ouafy Mustapha Oubenali Aziz EL Haimouti Ahmed Gamouh Mohamed Mbarki -
Open Access Article
226 - Assessment of Heavy Metals in Rice Brands and their Potential Risk on Public Health
Ali Mehrabi Mohammad Zareiyan Amar Maryamabadi Peyman Ghajarbeygi Hamid Zarei Hossein Ramezani Seyed Hamid Hosseini Masoud Kazeminia Razzagh Mahmoudi.The accumulation of heavy metals in crops irrigated with wastewater is a serious environmental problem. Wastewater irrigation is widespread, particularly for rice due to its high water demands. This can lead to heavy metal accumulation in rice and subsequent entry into MoreThe accumulation of heavy metals in crops irrigated with wastewater is a serious environmental problem. Wastewater irrigation is widespread, particularly for rice due to its high water demands. This can lead to heavy metal accumulation in rice and subsequent entry into the human body, posing detrimental health effects. This study investigated heavy metal accumulation in 12 rice brands (6 imported and 6 domestic) from the Bushehr city market in Iran. The mean values of lead, arsenic, and cadmium in domestic rice brands were 0.246±0.194, 0.074±0.025, and 0.150±0.124 mg kg-1 respectively, while in imported rice brands they were 0.086±0.031, 0.085±0.021, and 0.031±0.007 mg kg-1 respectively. The mean lead and cadmium levels in domestic rice brands slightly exceeded the FAO/WHO limit, while the mean arsenic concentration was below the limit. To protect human health and reduce food contamination with heavy metals, preventive measures such as regular monitoring of heavy metals in food must be taken. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Electrophoretic deposition of SiC nanoparticles
علی گلشنی عجب شیر حسین آقاجانی محمد جعفرپور سهند بهرنگیThe aim of this research is to investigate the stability of SiC nanoparticles for deposition on C/C composite by EPD method. Thus, different suspensions were prepared with different solvents and in presence of PEI as dispersant. The stability of suspensions was studied MoreThe aim of this research is to investigate the stability of SiC nanoparticles for deposition on C/C composite by EPD method. Thus, different suspensions were prepared with different solvents and in presence of PEI as dispersant. The stability of suspensions was studied by using their macroscopic pictures after 24 h, and measurement of zeta potential values and particle size distribution. Thereafter, the coating was applied onto the substrate using the optimized suspension. The results showed that the suspension prepared in ethanol, with pH=10 and addition of 6 wt% PEI has the best stability. Also, SEM micrographs revealed that the coating applied with the voltage of 30 V results in a better quality and has a uniform and pitiless surface. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Fabrication of YSZ/Al composite coating on Incoloy 825 superalloy using electrophoretic deposition
mojtaba ahmadi Hossein AghajnaiAbstract In this research, Fabrication of YSZ/Al composite coating on Incoloy 825 superalloy using electrophoretic deposition has been investigated. Dispersion of YSZ and Al particles suspension in acetone in presence of iodine, as dispersant, was studied by particle si MoreAbstract In this research, Fabrication of YSZ/Al composite coating on Incoloy 825 superalloy using electrophoretic deposition has been investigated. Dispersion of YSZ and Al particles suspension in acetone in presence of iodine, as dispersant, was studied by particle size and zeta potential measurement. According to the results, the suspension containing 1.2 g/l iodine has been chosen for electrophoretic co-deposition of YSZ and Al particles. Mean diameter of YSZ and Al particles in this suspension was measured 111.6 nm and 2.658 μm and zeta potential value of these particles was measured 50.2 and 16 mV, respectively. In order to investigate the influence of applied voltage and deposition time on quality of formed deposit, electrophoretic co-deposition has been carried out at different voltages and deposition times. Results revealed that the deposit formed at voltage of 6 V and deposition time of 3 min had uniform and crack-free surface. SEM image showed that this coating had thickness of 19.63 μm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Designing a Model for Predicting the Sales Potential of Iranian Movies (Data-Driven Approach) in Order to Determine the Market Entry Strategy
Babak Hamidia Mohammad Masteri Farahani Mohammad Javad Sohrabi Abbas RahimiHaving a predictive mathematical model regarding the sales potential of movies before the marketing and screening of movies is one of the needs of many producers, Cinema owners, etc. In this research, based on a systematic process and mixed exploratory approach, first t MoreHaving a predictive mathematical model regarding the sales potential of movies before the marketing and screening of movies is one of the needs of many producers, Cinema owners, etc. In this research, based on a systematic process and mixed exploratory approach, first the factors affecting the sales potential of movies were calculated and classified by content analysis method and by selecting the content factors of the film, i.e., the factors affecting the probability of pre-marketing and screening; The status of each of these factors in the top 100 films of a decade of Iranian cinema was examined. The required data were extracted from the statistical yearbook of Iranian film and cinema sales and based on Shannon entropy method and based on real data of 100 popular Iranian films, model coefficients were extracted and finally, a mathematical model to calculate the sales potential of a film up to Extracted before the marketing phase. The results of this study indicate that the 4 main factors of director (with coefficient of 0.25), actor (with coefficient of 0.253), genre (with coefficient of 0.251) and technical quality of film (with coefficient of 0.246) and a sub-factor of film series (with extra score) affect the sales potential of a movie. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Pollution and environmental risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in surface sediments of Zayandeh-Rood River, Isfahan Province, Iran
Raed Shwetir Marwah Atefeh Chamani -
Open Access Article
231 - Drought tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties in seedling and adult stages
Ezzat Karami Omid KaramiDrought stress is one of the most important limiting factors in the expansion and regeneration of plants in the agricultural systems and natural environment, which the best way to deal with it is to introduce cultivars resistant to stress. For this purpose, by experimen MoreDrought stress is one of the most important limiting factors in the expansion and regeneration of plants in the agricultural systems and natural environment, which the best way to deal with it is to introduce cultivars resistant to stress. For this purpose, by experimenting in the 2015 -2016 cropping year, the response of 5 cultivars of chickpea including 3 Kabuli cultivars (Arman, Azad and ILC482) and 2 Desi cultivars (Pirooz and Kaka) to drought stress resistance under 5 levels of water potential (0, -3, -6, -9 and -12 times), using 6000 polyethylene glycol in the laboratory in a factorial design in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. Cultivars were evaluated in field conditions in the form of a randomized complete block design with 4 replications at the research site of the Kurdistan Agricultural Research Center. The results showed that there are significant relationships between the characteristics measured in laboratory and field conditions. Among the studied cultivars, only Desi cultivars showed good germination potentials in (-9) and (-12) times. Therefore, in terms of drought stress tolerance at the germination stage, they had a significant advantage over Kabuli cultivars. In reducing the potential from zero to (-6) times, the greatest difference was seen in all traits. The highest number of days to flowering, day to maturity and the number of seeds per plant belonged to Kaka cultivar and the highest grain yield belonged to Arman cultivar. Cluster analysis revealed the similarity of Kabuli cultivars and their genetic distance from Desi cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Life cycle assessment of Iranian Rice cultivars production affected by NPK using management
حسن Jafari حسین Ajamnoroozie M.R Dadashi افشین Soltani سلمان DastanThe aim of present study was to investigate life cycle assessment of Iranian rice cultivars production affected by NPK chemical fertilizers using management. The experiment was conducted in farms located in Mazandaran province, Sari, during 2017 and 2018. The experiment MoreThe aim of present study was to investigate life cycle assessment of Iranian rice cultivars production affected by NPK chemical fertilizers using management. The experiment was conducted in farms located in Mazandaran province, Sari, during 2017 and 2018. The experiment was performed as split plot in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The different doses of fertilizer treatments at five levels including F1: 250 kg N ha-1 + 150 kg P ha-1 + 150 kg K ha-1 (N250P150K150), F2: 200 kg N ha-1 + 100 kg P ha-1 + 100 kg K ha-1 (N200P100K100), F3: 150 kg N ha-1 + 75 kg P ha-1 + 75 kg K ha-1 (N150P75K75), F4: 100 kg N ha-1 + 50 kg P ha-1 + 50 kg K ha-1 (N100P50K50), and F5: Control or no application of fertilizer treatments (N0P0K0) as main plot and local rice cultivars at two levels of Sang Tarom and Tarom Hashemi were considered as sub-plots. The results showed that an average amount of cumulative energy demand and cumulative exergy demand was 11549.78 and 13443.08 MJ, respectively that with increase of nitrogen consumption, both indices showed a decreasing trend. The average ecological footprint was 1190.80 m2a which CO2 emissions had shown the highest effect on the ecological footprint. The average of the impact categories of abiotic depletion was equals 12.44 kg Sb eq, acidification (3.15 kg SO2 eq), eutrophiction (2.33 kg PO4 eq), malodorous air (7295733 m3 air), freshwater sediment ecotoxicity (75.79 kg 1,4 DB eq), marine sediment ecotoxicity (116.11 kg 1,4 DB eq) that all of which decreased with increasing nitrogen consumption. The average global warming potential (GWP) 20a and GWP 500a were 399.20 and 382.97 kg CO2 eq, respectively. Two indicators of human toxicity and terrestrial ecotoxicity in the three periods of 20, 100 and 500 years shows increasing amounts equal 0.42% and 140.70% during 20a to 500a, respectively. All pollutants released into the air and the water demonstrated a decreasing trend with increasing nitrogen amounts. The emission of nitrate into soil, metals into the soil, and chemical oxygen demand showed a decreasing trend with increasing nitrogen levels. By group comparing between different levels of nitrogen at splitting levels, it can be stated that the main cause of variations in the amount of pollutants was the higher output (yield) compared to inputs. Indeed, nitrogen uptake in four developmental stages has resulted in maximum plant use, resulting in increased yield and emission reduction per unit area. Therefore, reducing the emission of pollutants by increasing nitrogen consumption can be due to increase of yield. According to the findings of this study, the application of N150P75K75 treatment is a better option to improving the yield of rice cultivars along with a decrease in chemical fertilizers and subsequent reduced fertilizers costs and environmental damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - Effect of potassium and zinc on yield, yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea under rainfed condition
Amin Abbasi Moghaddam Ali Ebadi Hossein ShahbaziTo evaluate the effects of potassium on yield, yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea in rain-fed conditions, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Farm of Islamic Aza MoreTo evaluate the effects of potassium on yield, yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea in rain-fed conditions, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch in 2011. Factors included four potassium levels as 0, 30, 60 and 90 kgha-1 and Zinc on three levels of 0, 0.3 and 0.6%. The traits such as yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant, a, b and total chlorophyll, leaf relative water content, stability of cell membrane and osmotic potential were measured. The highest biological yield, harvest index, number of seeds per plant, chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll and leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability and lowest osmotic potential belonged to the treatment of 90 kg ha-1 potassium and 0.6% of zinc treatment. Based on the results, it seems that application of the potassium and zinc improves stress tolerance indices and reduce stress injuries and grain yield, consequently. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Effect of safflower seeds priming with abscisic and gibberellic acid on germination indices in salinity stress condition
Nasrin Sadat Esanejad Heshmat Omidi Arezoo ParaverThis study was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal priming to improve seed germination and initial growth of safflower seeds under salt stress. The experiment was done using factorial experiment based on completely randomized design in three repetitions in S MoreThis study was carried out to determine the effect of hormonal priming to improve seed germination and initial growth of safflower seeds under salt stress. The experiment was done using factorial experiment based on completely randomized design in three repetitions in Seed Technology Laboratory of Shahed University. Safflower seeds primed with 3% abscisic acid and 150 and 500 ppm of gibberellic acid then were placed under salinity stress condition of the natural salt of Qom lake (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 dS.m -1). The germination indicies were measured. Priming seeds with gibberellic and abscisic acid relatively reduced the effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth and improved the germination and initial growth in low water potential condition. Gibberllic acid was more effective than abscisic acid. Priming with combination of 500 ppm gibberellic acid and 3% abscisic acid % combination had the greatest effect on germination percent, seedling length and seedling dry matter. Howerer, priming decreased the mean germination time. Priming with 500 ppm gibberellic acid and 3% abscisic acid combination under salinity conditions reduced the negative effects of salinity by increasing the water uptake in the plant, resulted in improvement of germination percentage, seedling length and seedling dry matter and length and weight vigor indecies. On the whole, priming of safflower seeds with combined priming increased the seeds resistance to the drought stress, therefore the seedlings with strong vigor and high germination percentage were produced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
235 - Influence of KCl and urea spraying on quality and quantity of wheat cv. Sardari under rainfed conditions
Mehrdad AbdiIn 2012 a factorial experiment was conducted in Khodabandeh Dryland Research Station to study the effects of foliar spraying of urea, potassium chloride and urea + potassium chloride on grain yield, grain protein and leaf relative water content of Sardari wheat under ra MoreIn 2012 a factorial experiment was conducted in Khodabandeh Dryland Research Station to study the effects of foliar spraying of urea, potassium chloride and urea + potassium chloride on grain yield, grain protein and leaf relative water content of Sardari wheat under rainfed condition. Also, to determine the most effective application time of nutrients used at various growth stages including double ridge, milky and double stage + milky stage, factorial experiment had 15 treatments and arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The amounts of urea and potassium chloride used as foliar spraying were equivalent to 20 kg/ha. The urea and potassium chloride were sprayed with concentrations of 5 and 1%, respectively. Growth preserved leaf moisture and resulted in highest leaf relative water content. Spraying potassium chloride + urea in double ridge and milky stages resulted in highest grain yield, biological yield, thousand kernel weight, number of kernel per head and grain protein content. These parameters showed 40, 9.3, 49 and 7.9% increasing comparing to the check, respectively. The overall results showed that spraying potassium chloride before anthesis stage increased grain yield and number of grain per head, while spraying after anthasis stage increased significantly protein content and thousand kernel weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
236 - Effects of proline foliar application on alleviation of water deficit in German chamomile
Hakimeh Darvizheh Mohsen ZavarehWater deficit stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that seriously leads to plant production decrement. Several strategies have been proposed to alleviate of cellular damage caused by water deficit stress and also to improve plant tolerance against water MoreWater deficit stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that seriously leads to plant production decrement. Several strategies have been proposed to alleviate of cellular damage caused by water deficit stress and also to improve plant tolerance against water deficit .The study was conducted as factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications in Guilan University. Treatments included proline spraying in two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/L, and irrigation after 0, 25, 50 and 75% depletion of FC level in stem elongation stage. Water deficit resulted in increase of proline content and catalase but decrease of morphological traits. Proline application had significant impact on all traits under water stress conditions. The foliar application of 100 mg/L proline resulted to improvement of growth and alleviate of water stress damages. On the whole, application of 100 mg/L proline would be recommendable to reach the maximum yield of German chamomile in various water deficit circumstances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
237 - Iinsecticidal activity of tarragon essential oils and chemical pesticides reduced doses integration against green peach aphid
Payam Mianaji Soleiman Jamshidi Hassan NourafcanGreen peach aphid is one of the most important pests of various agricultural products.Green peach aphid is one of the most important pests of various agricultural products. Manuscript profile
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