حوزه

Open Access Article

1 - Providing a model of sustainability factors based on economic, social and environmental fields Sports complexes in Tehran
Amir Izadkhah Seyed Mostafa Tayebisani Bahram Gadimi Mehrdad Navabakhsh

In order to meet people's demands for sports and comply with sustainability laws, sports complexes should try to improve their organization's sustainability performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sustainability factors based on economic a More

In order to meet people's demands for sports and comply with sustainability laws, sports complexes should try to improve their organization's sustainability performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of sustainability factors based on economic and social areas of sports complexes. This research is descriptive-survey and retrospective. The statistical population of sports complexes in the northeast of Tehran city with 48 sports complexes, 5 people from each complex and a total of 240 questionnaires were completed. The 2014 Lean Sustainable Supply Chain Management Standard Questionnaire was used. The Structural Equation Modeling (AMOS) method was used to examine the relationships between the variables. The results showed that the economic dimension of supply chain dimensions has the greatest impact on the variable of operational performance of sports complexes in Tehran. The coefficient of economic impact on the environment is 0.89 and the coefficient of economic impact on the social dimension is 0.77. In fact, the economic field is the most important field in the sustainability of sports complexes. Therefore, sustainability leads to the improvement of economic performance and to some extent environmental performance, it can be suggested Managers should pay more attention to the economic dimension to discuss the sustainability of their organizations. Manuscript profile

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2 - Analysis and investigation of crimes related to medicine and treatment by medical and pharmaceutical professionals
Samira tajkhorasani

Medicine, as a basic and fundamental component in the treatment and cure of diseases, has always had a privileged position in the strategic plans of governments, and in the light of that, on the one hand, progressive countries and large pharmaceutical companies in the w More

Medicine, as a basic and fundamental component in the treatment and cure of diseases, has always had a privileged position in the strategic plans of governments, and in the light of that, on the one hand, progressive countries and large pharmaceutical companies in the world have their political and economic interests over treatment. Patients in need have concentrated and despite the availability of medicine, for various reasons some of the world's people are unable to obtain the medicines they need, and on the other hand, profit seekers and the international drug mafia are trying to dominate the medicine distribution system in different countries. They are different. One of the tasks of the governments and those in charge of the pharmaceutical affairs of the country is to provide the health, treatment and pharmaceutical needs of different members of the society. Is. Success in this sector depends on various factors, including: the existence of clear, precise and comprehensive laws and regulations that are in line with the existing conditions and the power of the country's executive forces. The existence of a structure appropriate to the existing situation of different parts of the country so that the laws can be implemented in a correct and precise manner. Existence of caring, experienced and motivated forces, far away from financial concerns, to implement the developed policies well. If a part of this process is defective and inefficient, it will cause problems to other parts and the overall goals will fail. In the current research, the author intends to focus on medicine and describe the system that governs it, to deal with the issue of crimes related to medicine and treatment from the point of view of legislators, executive directors and investigating judges with the aim of identifying existing problems and obstacles. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Identifying the Effective Universities in Sustainable Development
hasan mousavi nadergholi ghorchian parivash jaafari

The present study was conducted with the aim of studying and extracting the fields and identifying the effective dimensions of the university. This research was descriptive research and was carried out qualitatively. In this research, the data from the interview were an More

The present study was conducted with the aim of studying and extracting the fields and identifying the effective dimensions of the university. This research was descriptive research and was carried out qualitatively. In this research, the data from the interview were analyzed using content analysis technique. In this technique, the raw data derived from spoken messages based on the deduction was categorized and categorized. Participants in the targeted way were selected among sustainable development experts in the field of higher education and were able to achieve data saturation. This study was conducted with the participation of 10 experts. Choosing contributors with the widest variety has increased the credibility of the data. The identified areas were categorized into six main groups: education, research, services, technological innovation, culture management and management. Then, the effective academic dimensions of each of the domains were identified, resulting in a total of 80 academic grade impact interviews. These dimensions were categorized in their core domain. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Creating an innovation ecosystem with system dynamics approach
rozita dabbagafrouz Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh Mohamd Pasebani

The main goal of the research is to Create innovation ecosystem with the systemic dynamics approach in the Tabriz. Data collection tools are research literature and semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the study includes researchers from Tabriz Univ More

The main goal of the research is to Create innovation ecosystem with the systemic dynamics approach in the Tabriz. Data collection tools are research literature and semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the study includes researchers from Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, managers of knowledge-based companies and health policy makers. Eighteen members of the statistical population were selected by targeted snowball sampling. According to this methodology, first to explain the problem and identify the boundary of the model, the key variables and the trend of these variables were studied over time. Then, the structure of the problem was identified in the form of causal-loop diagrams and accumulation stock and flow map. After testing the model in the fourth stage, four scenarios for improving the innovation ecosystem in the fifth stage were evaluated. Analysis of the scenarios showed that improving government rules, reducing bureaucracy, and increasing the percentage of profits that industry should devote to research and development have the greatest impact on the dissemination of health innovation. Improving international relations came in second, and the scenario of material and immaterial incentives came in fourth Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - A futuristic look at the Permission Based Marketing model in the field of banking using the Delphi approach (Case study: Bank Mellat)
Elham Zarif chenarani mashhad esfandiar doshmanziari farzad asayesh

10.30495/jmfr.2022.60639.2473

The purpose of this study is to design, explain and present a Permission Based Marketing model in the field of banking among the employees of Bank Mellat branches.In this research, the combined method strategy has been used to answer the research questions. In this rese More

The purpose of this study is to design, explain and present a Permission Based Marketing model in the field of banking among the employees of Bank Mellat branches.In this research, the combined method strategy has been used to answer the research questions. In this research, by means of Delphi method, the opinions of experts in this field have been collected and summarized. According to the purpose, the research is one of the applied and developmental researches and in terms of implementation method, it is a descriptive survey. First, the initial conceptual model extracted from the subject and background literature by the meta-integration method has been refined by organizational experts using the Delphi method. Data collection tool was an open questionnaire and purposive sampling method was judgmental. In the quantitative part, the Delphi process was performed in three rounds, and the criterion for stopping the rounds was reaching the Kendall agreement coefficient to an acceptable level.The findings show that Permission Based Marketing indicators in Bank Mellat can be grouped into six categories: advertising effectiveness, information technology, marketing capability, customer satisfaction, continuity of customer relationship and customer attitude, which are more important in terms of attitude Customer, advertising effectiveness, customer relationship continuity, customer satisfaction, information technology and marketing capabilities.The results showed that the bank's commitment to the customer is one of the main reasons for permission based marketing,Keywords: Foresight, Permission Based Marketing, Delphi Technique, Banking scope Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - نگاه جامعه شناختی به گروه های اجتماعی مجازی
حسن سبیلان اردستانی

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Open Access Article

7 - Investigating the process of the descent of relative depth of space in improving the efficiency of the "courtyard" in traditional houses
Ali akbar Heidari maryam kiaee

10.30495/hoviatshahr.2021.16439

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and measure the efficiency of the yard space with an emphasis on the concept of functional radius in different types of traditional Iranian houses (Kashan & Esfehan). In reviewing the relative depth of sink function, it is More

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and measure the efficiency of the yard space with an emphasis on the concept of functional radius in different types of traditional Iranian houses (Kashan & Esfehan). In reviewing the relative depth of sink function, it is necessary to convert the quantitative data of the plan into quantitative data... In the physical composition of each home, spaces are divided into two categories: "service spaces" and "service spaces", where the combination of spaces together has a direct relationship with the function of the service provider or service provider. The layout model of the spaces of each home expresses the particular type of spatial relationships of that house, which is sometimes unique in buildings, and sometimes with a stable pattern, in the spatial relationship of the houses jointly observed. The purpose of this article is to examine the performance of the yard in a variety of Iranian house patterns, which is based on the definition of the functional radius of the yard in different patterns of the house. In order to test the above process, three different models of a gull, two gullies and three gullies in Kashan and three samples with the mentioned characteristics in Yazd were selected as case samples. In this research, in order to determine the functional efficiency of space, justification graphs and syntactical maths are used. Different parts of the house, like many other spaces, have spatial priorities and special rankings for better service and therefore a good performance. In the physical composition of each home, spaces are divided into two parts: "Service spaces" and "Service spaces", where the combination of spaces together has a direct relationship with the function of the service provider or service provider. The layout model of the spaces of each home expresses the particular type of spatial relationships of that house, which is sometimes unique in buildings, and sometimes with a stable pattern, in the spatial relationship of houses is seen jointly. The purpose of this article is to examine the performance of the yard in a variety of Iranian house patterns, which is based on the definition of the functional radius of the yard in different patterns of the house. In order to test the above process, three different models of a gull, two gullies and three gullies in Kashan and three samples with the mentioned characteristics in Yazd were selected as case samples. In this research, in order to determine the functional efficiency of space, justification graphs and syntactical maths are used. Accordingly, the research question in relation to the research goal is as follows:How does changing the functional radius in space increase or decrease the efficiency of the yard in the Iranian home?Accordingly, the hypothesis on the answer to the research question is as follows:The greater the functional radius of a space in the configuration of the building, the effective radius and the sphere of influence of that space decrease, and thus the efficiency of the space increases. Manuscript profile

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8 - ارزیابی عوامل مدیریتی موثر در استقرار بودجه‌ریزی عملیاتی در حوزه درمان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
بهزاد قدیمی یوسف بیگ زاده

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9 - The Effect of Using Internet of Things on Organizational Performance in Health Related Issues (Case Study: Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Tehran)
masoud tavakoli Hadi Rezghi shersavar Amir ashkan Nasiripour

Introduction: using internet of things on health related departments is one of the most important technological efforts for enhancing medical centers performance like hospitals; while applying it improves social justice in health related areas. Method: This is a practic More

Introduction: using internet of things on health related departments is one of the most important technological efforts for enhancing medical centers performance like hospitals; while applying it improves social justice in health related areas. Method: This is a practical research and descriptive- correlative in methodology. The statistical community includes 400 doctors and nurses among which 196 samples were chosen through random classified sampling; collecting data was done by questionnaires of using health related internet of things and organizational performance.  The statistical analysis includes structural equations technique through LISREL8.54 and multiple regression analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that collecting vital signs and the parameters of chronic and incident diseases ,continuously and in period,  supervision , remote services, information management, intelligently sending contents to user, inter-organizationalintegration, environmental activity effect on organizational performance 0.42, 0.31, 0.36, 0.47, 0.43, 0.29, 0.21 and 0.24, respectively. Conclusion: using internet of things, according to the above mentioned variables, is one of the most important technological outcomes that effects on health related organizational performance in Tehran Shahid Rajaee Hospital directly. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Model of Virtue in Health Area Accounting with Emphasis on the Mediating Role of Ethical Development
babak amani dadgar Younes Badavar Nahandi mehdi zeynali

Introduction:In this study, by examining the impact of individual, organizational, authentic leadershipand psychological characteristics, a model for virtue in health area accounting by emphasizing the mediating role of ethical development is presented. Methods:For this More

Introduction:In this study, by examining the impact of individual, organizational, authentic leadershipand psychological characteristics, a model for virtue in health area accounting by emphasizing the mediating role of ethical development is presented. Methods:For this study, theme analysis and standard questionnaires were used. The statistical population is focused on financial managers, budget and their deputies and finance chiefs of Iran university of medical sciences (N=897) in the year 2019, out of which 269 questionnaires were collected and tested through structural equation modeling in AMOS software. Results: We showed that personality characteristics with a significant level (0.039), authentic leadership characteristics including self-awareness, communication transparency, internalized ethical perspective and balanced information processing, (0.015) and psychological characteristics including reward mechanisms and moral intelligence (0.013), through mediating variable of ethical development, lead to virtue (positive and meaningful) in health area accounting. In addition, organizational characteristics (job satisfaction, employment relationship, organizational responsibility, and type of service) and psychological characteristics (quadratic dark personality traits, five personality traits, and religious orientation) do not lead to virtue in health area accounting through the mediating variable of ethical development. Also according to the fit indices, the developed model has favorable fit. Conclusion: Special attention is paid to individual, authentic leadership and psychological characteristics in fostering the ethical behavior of employees and the need for policymakers to focus on enhancing these characteristics in drafting professional ethics codes. Manuscript profile

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11 - Evaluating the effects of climate change on the amount of groundwater recharge in Karaj Watershed
Baharak Motamedvaziri Hadi Kiadaliri Amir Eshaghi Ali Eskandari

10.30495/jrnr.2021.18448

Climate change is one of the most important challenges that influening natural ecosystems and have different effects on precipitation, temperature, intensity and frequency of droughts and floods and hydrological parameters of watersheds. The purpose of this study is to More

Climate change is one of the most important challenges that influening natural ecosystems and have different effects on precipitation, temperature, intensity and frequency of droughts and floods and hydrological parameters of watersheds. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of climate change on the trend of changes in temperature, precipitation and solar radiation and also to determine the effect of changes in these variables on the recharge of the Karaj watershed. In this study first using the outputs of the two HadCM3 and CGCM1 global models, and using SDSM micro-scale model, climatic variables were simulated for three decades (2010- 2039, 2040-2069 and 2070-2098). In the next step, using HELP model, the rate of groundwater recharge was estimated and the effect of changing these variables on the amount of natural recharge was investigated. Also the results showed that this model is highly sensitive to evapotranspiration. Result of simulating climatic variables under A2 climate change scenario show that in future decades, amount of temperature, precipitation and solar radiation will be increase (1.5, 2.8 and 4.55 percent), decrease (8.1, 15.1 and 18 percent) and increase (0.5, 1.4 and 2.4 percent), respectively. Result of simulating the amount of groundwater recharge using model under A2 climate change scenario show that in future decades, amount of groundwater recharge will be decrease (9.6, 15.1 and 15.6 percent). Also research result show that HELP model is highly sensitive to evapotranspiration amount.   Manuscript profile

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12 - Investigation of Plants Biological form and flora watershed ivar
حمید علی پور آرش ملکیان میرمسعود خیرخواه زرکش سعید قره چلو

Floristic composition of the vegetation in the study of management and conservation of biodiversity is of particular importance. Maintenance, management, protection and rational utilization of rangeland ecosystems requires an understanding of all aspects of them. Also u More

Floristic composition of the vegetation in the study of management and conservation of biodiversity is of particular importance. Maintenance, management, protection and rational utilization of rangeland ecosystems requires an understanding of all aspects of them. Also use of native plant species and the amount of people asking Khvshkhvarky animal species found in this region. Results indicate the general area was identified 109 plant species belonging to 24 plant dark. The largest plant families in terms of number of species, including 21 species Astracea, Poaceae with 15 species, Lamiaceae with 10 species, Caryophyllaceae and Brassicaceae, 6 species are. erms of Account Value Account Value forage species in the region, 23 are devoted to the most users. Based on the stability or longevity of 33 species of annual, biennial and 4 of 72 perennial species were identified in the region. 71 species form herbaceous broadleaf maximum vegetative growth form field into account. Rangeland class III palatability Terms of 95 species and 14 species with low values of the Range Class II values were averaged. The last point is that the results were due to high pressure on non-palatable pasture species in the region have therefore, management efforts should be made to prevent this process from being exposed to a variety of plant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Evaluation of spatial distribution appropriateness of Tabriz Urban Parks in terms of influence area using Remote Sensing and GIS
Shabnam Akbari Omid Rafieyan

10.30495/jrnr.2021.19076

From the perspective of urban planning and management, the criteria for the distribution of parks, in terms of the scope of influence and the benefits of the surrounding areas, is of particular importance. The main purpose of this study; Determining and evaluating the i More

From the perspective of urban planning and management, the criteria for the distribution of parks, in terms of the scope of influence and the benefits of the surrounding areas, is of particular importance. The main purpose of this study; Determining and evaluating the influence area of each type of urban parks in Tabriz. The map of urban parks was produced based on updating the land use map extracted from the detailed plan of Tabriz using satellite imagery and fieldworks in a combined method. Then the map of Tabriz city parks according to their area were prepared in 5 categories of parks; Mini, Neighborhood, Regional, Community and Mountain parks and the influence radius of each park was applied in GIS as a buffer based on internal research. The results showed that none of the ten districts of Tabriz Municipality are desirable in terms of covering the influence of "neighborhood" parks and the need to develop this type of parks in the whole city is serious. District 1, 2 and 8 are in a good position to cover the area of influence area of "Regional" parks. Most districts, except 9 and 5, are covered by "Community" parks. "Mountain" parks cover almost all the ten districts of Tabriz and district 1 is in the best condition in terms of being within the influence area of all types of parks. In terms of social and psychological functions of parks, although the existence of Metropolitan parks is necessary to attract large local populations and tourists, but the great impact of "Mini" and "Neighborhood" parks in addition to ecological functions, in family entertainment and ultimately increase social vitality should not be ignored. Manuscript profile

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14 - Evaluation of land-use change and its effect on flood hydrograph in Amameh watershed, Tehran Province
Maral Pezeshki Baharak Motamedvaziri Hasan Ahmadi

Changes in the land-use pattern has affected hydrological processes in the watersheds and disrupted the natural balance of water flow. In the present study, changes in hydrological components of Amameh watershed as a result of land-use changes from1988 - 2013 were studi More

Changes in the land-use pattern has affected hydrological processes in the watersheds and disrupted the natural balance of water flow. In the present study, changes in hydrological components of Amameh watershed as a result of land-use changes from1988 - 2013 were studied. Due to lack of the land-use map in past years, the land-use map was prepared and analyzed by Landsat TM satellite images in the ERDAS Imagine software in 1988. Furthermore, the available &lrm;information were used to provide land-use map &lrm;in 2013. Land-use maps of 1988 - 2013 were prepared using ArcGIS software. In existing maps, six land-use classes; class 1, 2, and 3 rangelands, agricultural and &lrm;garden, arid land, and river-bed were designed. &lrm; The results showed that Amameh watershed was affected by severe changes in the land-use&lrm; during the study period, so that the class 1 rangelands&lrm; to class 2, class 2 to class 3, and even arid&lrm; land were changed. In addition, the residential areas (villa) were increased from 2.5% in 1988 to 8.4 in 2013. The HEC-HMS model was used to investigate the effect of land-use changes on the hydrological flood hydrograph of Amameh watershed&lrm;. The results of hydrograph study of 1988 and 2013 showed the volume increase of runoff and peak discharge rates during the 25-year period, and also the watershed runoff coefficient was increased from 0.82 to 0.89. Manuscript profile

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15 - The interpretive differences of generations in realm of religious symbolic
Hassan Saraie Soudabeh Yousefi Fazl

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16 - The Representation of Magic in Modern Lifestyles with Emphasis on the Expansion of Private Sphere (Case of Study: Women in Dezfoul City)
Mansour Vosoughi Nasim Khajehzadeh

Lifestyle, Dezfoul, hermeneutic phenomenology, public sphere, private sphere, magic.

Lifestyle, Dezfoul, hermeneutic phenomenology, public sphere, private sphere, magic. Manuscript profile

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17 - Strategies to Promote Social Justice Indicators' Development in Business Corporations
Ali Taheri Hashem Aram

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18 - The role of student movement in development of public sphere (A case study of Iran society 1921-2006)
Seyfollah Seyfollahi Mohammad Jafar Firouzi

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19 - Prioritizing watershed for gabion check dams building by spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCE), in Hasanrobat Esfahan
Ali Akbar Jamali Abolfazl Rahimabadi Nasim Zerang Arash Rahmatian

The watershed of Hassanrobat which is located in Meimeh in Isfahan province, is studied in current research in order to construct Gabion Dams. Experts suggest the location of dams' in water channels based on economical reasons as a priority for locating dam. Spatial Mul More

The watershed of Hassanrobat which is located in Meimeh in Isfahan province, is studied in current research in order to construct Gabion Dams. Experts suggest the location of dams' in water channels based on economical reasons as a priority for locating dam. Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation is employed to determine critical position of the dam in watershed area. All the maps of key factors divided into two groups and were entered the SMCE as limitation factors. Therefore it is needed to standardize the factors such as slope and rainfall with fuzzy model. However, other ones (vegetation, roads, villages, springs and wells) standardized by Cast method. The two remaining maps: land use and geology standardized based on experts suggestion. Eventually, weighted the factors of first group while, the second group are weighted by hierarchy in order to product of the final map that show the priorities to construct Gabion dams in the region. Obviously, natural factors affect the final choice as well as economy of the region. This study proposes mentioned location to related planners since soil erosion would significantly decrease after dam constructed. Manuscript profile

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20 - Using Boolean and fuzzy logic and weighting factors for landslide and sediment hazard analysis in the watershed of Chelgerd- Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
Ali Akbar Jamali Mohamad Ali Hakimi

Erosion such as landslide is phenomenon that causes wasting of many water and soil resources and destructing natural resources. The objective is landslide hazard mapping. Landslide can be the main source for sediment supply. The region was Chelgerd watershed in Shahreko More

Erosion such as landslide is phenomenon that causes wasting of many water and soil resources and destructing natural resources. The objective is landslide hazard mapping. Landslide can be the main source for sediment supply. The region was Chelgerd watershed in Shahrekord. For landslide hazard mapping, information layers including slope, elevation lithology, land use, distance to road, distance to stream, distance to fault and to springs as effective parameters of landslide have been recognized and digitized. After fuzzy standardizing of constraints and factors by methods fuzzy and Boolean weighing factors using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was incorporated. Final phase, landslide hazard zonation map was prepared. Results show that 49 percent of studied land are high and very high risk zones located. In this study, the most landslides occur in 500 meters from road and 400 meters from Stream with dip ranging from 15 to 50 percent at the elevation of 2600 meters moreover, agricultural lands and gardens within Khankat and Neyriz formation contain the most landslides. Since the possibility of landslide in the vicinity of roads and Stream, with medium dip is very high. It is necessary to be considered in managing of the area. Manuscript profile

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21 - Religious Beliefs and Security in Geographic Spaces (With emphasis on the Central Asian Territory)
hojjat Jahani Rad seyed yahya safavi homami Abdolreza Faraji Rad ebrahim roomina

Religion and religious beliefs are always one of the criteria for distinguishing between geographical spaces and the type of religious beliefs and beliefs of any geographic region is an effective factor in the formation of different structures in that area. Religion as More

Religion and religious beliefs are always one of the criteria for distinguishing between geographical spaces and the type of religious beliefs and beliefs of any geographic region is an effective factor in the formation of different structures in that area. Religion as a cultural element is the source of change, difference, and contrasts in different places, and perhaps on this basis some evident religious and religious challenges, such as the promotion of extremism in the geography of the Islamic world, can also be considered in this process. This research utilizes the information obtained from library resources and, to a certain extent, the field of research and the use of analytical-descriptive methods, while clarifying the relevant concepts, by specifying the question of which religious beliefs affect the security of geographical spaces? Has examined the impact of this component on the security of the Central Asian territory and, finally, has proved the role of religious beliefs as one of the factors influencing the security of geographical spaces by expressing a direct relationship between these two categories. Manuscript profile

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22 - Economic and Social Impacts of Nightlife Implementation on Urban Sustainable Development Planning (Case Study: Tehran and Area of Influence) Alireza Sadeghi, Bakhsh; Alireza Stelaji; Rahim Sarvar
alireza saadeghibakhsh alireza estelaji Rahim Sarvar

The new night and nature is a new opportunity with economic returns that can sometimes be culturally and family-friendly, reinforcing all kinds of family solidarity and empathy. The current research question is what are the effects of realization of inner and outer nigh More

The new night and nature is a new opportunity with economic returns that can sometimes be culturally and family-friendly, reinforcing all kinds of family solidarity and empathy. The current research question is what are the effects of realization of inner and outer nightlife on urban sustainable development planning (Case study: Tehran and area of influence)? The present study uses a mixed approach, which combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. As a qualitative research case study, this qualitative research strategy explores various aspects of nocturnal life in urban sustainable development planning of Tehran metropolitan complex and area of influence. In addition to the case study, the survey method was used as a quantitative method for data collection and analysis. The research statements were confirmed with a mean score above 4 and standard deviation below 1. The research findings indicate that the social and economic impacts of realization of the inner and outer nightlife on urban sustainable development planning (case study: Tehran and area of influence) include both "social" and "economic" dimensions Manuscript profile

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23 - Investigation of effective factors and proposed model for define potential gully head advancement (study area: Hableh Roud drainage basin)
. H Ahmadi . A. A Mohammadi جمال Ghodousi. علی Salajegheh.

Gully erosion is one of the most complicated and destructive kinds of watererosion. In order to prevent this erosion, the important factors of gully headadvancement must be recognized. For this case, this research has been done in one ofthe sub basins of Hable Rood drai More

Gully erosion is one of the most complicated and destructive kinds of watererosion. In order to prevent this erosion, the important factors of gully headadvancement must be recognized. For this case, this research has been done in one ofthe sub basins of Hable Rood drainage basin with name’s of Dehnamak in arid andsemiarid weather. Then, effective factors of gully head advancement of four models:Thompson, SCS(І), SCS(ІІ) and FAO, that are: gully head cut watershed area, claypercentage amounts, gully bottom slope percentage and other factors such as solublesalts percentage, silt percentage amounts and sand percentage amounts have beenminded. Meaning amount of each effective factor with gully head advancementamounts in stage of 95% in period of time 1956 to 2005 studied.Result of statistical studies shows, factors such as gully head cut watershed areawith correlation coefficient of 0.98, soluble salts percentage with correlationcoefficient of 0.97 and clay percentage amounts with correlation coefficient of 0.96,intermittently have a most meaning in stage of 0.95. After this, model with usingeffective factors, above mentioned, and SPSS software and two methods, Enter andBackward formed. Then, potential of gully head advancement in following years in theway of comparison estimated amounts by models and measure amounts by aerialphotos studied. Finally with regards to minute difference of 0.001% between twomethods Enter and Backward, Backward method proposed. Manuscript profile

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24 - Challllenges and sttrattegiies off Tehran megallopollii devellopmentt case sttudy:: iisllamshah– robattkariim Diisttriict
Mohammad Allii Rajaeii Asghar Nazaryan Rahiim Sarvar

Metropolitan areas are One of the most important emerging phenomena in the past few decades, which have presented the different patterns of urbanization, settlement, city scaleEstimates indicate that the current problems in the region Tehran metropolitan, especially in More

Metropolitan areas are One of the most important emerging phenomena in the past few decades, which have presented the different patterns of urbanization, settlement, city scaleEstimates indicate that the current problems in the region Tehran metropolitan, especially in the area of Islamshahr city of Robat Karim, such as unplanned and rapid development of population centers, the concentration of groups of low-income and poors, intensified separation of social groups, lack of economic and social diversity, absence of coherence and internal dynamics, increasing poverty, informal settlements, informal occupation, political - security problems, lack of infrastructure and, most importantly, the absence public participation in all aspects of the operation, in one hand and future prospects of the erea, on the other hand shows that using community-driven developments as an approach is important and necessary in order to rescue from the existing challenges and impasses and improving the quality of citizens life. Community-based development is an approach which can be a suitable solution for this issue. Community-based development is a process and a means of promoting participation and democratic governance which is appliable in various governance and socioeconomic fields.and implementation of its effectiveness amount in Tehran metropolitan, especially Islamshahr area – Robat Karim. The type of research is based on the Practical purpose, studying method and research nature. Moreover, bothe quantitative and qualitative data will be included. The main finding of this paper is on the basis of achieving social stability in Tehran metropolitan and its areas by considering and applying the community-driven development approach, not only, in serious policies and mechanisms used for reducing poverty and improving living standards, but also, in preventive policies for prevention of disorder production and distribution and naccessary attention to development approach and public participation as well. Manuscript profile

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25 - Central Place and Local Influence Range Theories and Models
مسعود Mahdavi

In many parts of world, especially the lesser developed countries, the basis notions ofcentral place theory may have much wider application, because in many small villages,consumer normally supply, with goods and services from permenent central places.Therefore to find More

In many parts of world, especially the lesser developed countries, the basis notions ofcentral place theory may have much wider application, because in many small villages,consumer normally supply, with goods and services from permenent central places.Therefore to find of these places position is very important in the rural planning. In thispaper two methods for this problem has been discussed.The Scatter diagram is obtained by plotting the points (x,y) on a rectangular co-ordinetsystem as shown in fig.1. The regression line of y on x is given by y=45.70-0.44xi andx on y is given byx=-15.37+0.92y.The two east Squer lines intersect at point x`, y`, which it is theposition of central place.The local influence range is given from formulaand the over local influence range is obtained from second formula . Manuscript profile

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26 - Analyses of spatial-local condition of ballot-boxe in 15th district of Tehran municipality using GIS
Asghar Nazarian Morteza Ghourchi Hamid Bakhshi

Geography of election is a field of geography with background in European countries from mid of 1910s. Later this field was expanded in 1960s along with little revolution in USA. Geography of election considers condition before and after election; on the other words, it More

Geography of election is a field of geography with background in European countries from mid of 1910s. Later this field was expanded in 1960s along with little revolution in USA. Geography of election considers condition before and after election; on the other words, it analyzes actors of election through spatial point of view. One of the fields for study on geography of election is study on spatial-local condition of ballot-boxes before election; it was tried in this study to analyze 15th district of Tehran municipality using GIS for 2 cases: first case is relationship between demographic zones and quantity of ballot-boxes and second case is way of access to hospital and clinic in case when unexpected accident is occurred. 15th district of Tehran is one of the 22-fold districts of Tehran metropolitan, located in southeastern of Tehran at entrance gate of old Khorasan road. According to predictions of a universal plan, population of this district will be 942400 people in 2021. Therefore, 15th district is one of the important demographic centers. In regard to such condition, spatial-local analyze of GIS maps is considered in this research which accordingly, relationship between population and quantity of ballot-boxes in districts is not suitable; actually ballot-bases of district is not distributed proportionally considering current population in its areas. Moreover, positions of local hospital, firefighting stations as well as clinics existing in this district are considered in relation to ballot-bases. Condition of mentioned district’s access networks is interested and findings are shown lack of a planned systematic network. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Elections and political participation of people in the path of Khuzestan Province
Zahra Pishgahifard Amir Hadadpour

People's attendance in general elections to select one or more than one person in order to give them their fate and future for a specific period implies people's sensitiveness toward future. The more the degree of this sensitiveness and the more the result of the previo More

People's attendance in general elections to select one or more than one person in order to give them their fate and future for a specific period implies people's sensitiveness toward future. The more the degree of this sensitiveness and the more the result of the previous participations be visble, people's participation in the next elections will be increased. Iranian's political participations in parliamentary elections includes ups and downs which their reason differs from city to city. The degree of people's participation in parliamentary elections from one area to another area, and in each area from one period to another period has bring a specific geographical perspective that the study of reasons and factors will reveal it. In this paper the degree and principle of peaple's attendance in Islamic consultative Assembly Elections in 8 electional periods of khozestan provine have been studied, and it has been tried to show the importance of the subject by giving statistics and numbers, tables, maps and graph. Also interactions between country's main political groups, the tendency of people's Agents toward the specialized commissions of the Assembly, the impacts of membership in each commission on Agent's performance, and obtaining credits for that area in recent periods have been discussed.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Landslide Hazard Zonation Using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method Case Study: Siah Khor Basin
Mohammad Reza Nowjavan Ghorlamreza Hayati

Siah khor basin locating on the outskirts of Western Islam Abad enjoys a wide variety oflandslides which have posed a threat to pasturelands and implementing watershedmanagement plans in the area. Studying the landslide condition in the region, its zonation aswell as id More

Siah khor basin locating on the outskirts of Western Islam Abad enjoys a wide variety oflandslides which have posed a threat to pasturelands and implementing watershedmanagement plans in the area. Studying the landslide condition in the region, its zonation aswell as identifying the areas which are more sensitive to landslides and also specifying themount of relocation and the its relevant mechanisms will enable us to control andpredict preventive action in response to the possible dangers in the future. landslides andstudying the factors and elements causing them can result in rapid and better control ofthem.In this research we have tried using AHP application model based on the optimalexpertise in the area of Seahkhor Basin landslide zonation map extracted. For this purpose, aDelphi consensus techniques, GIS and multi-criteria decision making is used. Analysis resultsshow that factor analysis, hierarchical in Seahkhor Basin, geology, land use, and precipitation,the most important parameters influencing landslides in the area are the Seahkhor Basin.Seahkhor Basin landslide zonation map of the area shows a total of more than 70% of criticaland semi-critical status and potential of the landslide. The landslide distribution in North,North East, Central and South West areas of special geological and topographical conditionsas well as changes in land use is indiscriminate. The management of mass movements in theseareas should be considered further. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Gully erosion hazard zonation in Torood watershed
Zahra Arab ghashghaie Davood Nikkami Samad Shadfar Abolfazl Moeini

Gully eroaion is one of the developed forms of water erosion which redolent ofsurface soil destruction in the lands. Recognize of the effective factors in happence ofgully erosion and it’s zonation is a basic implement to manage and control thisphenomenon. this st More

Gully eroaion is one of the developed forms of water erosion which redolent ofsurface soil destruction in the lands. Recognize of the effective factors in happence ofgully erosion and it’s zonation is a basic implement to manage and control thisphenomenon. this study has been performed with aim of recognizing the effectivefactors on the gully erosion making and it’s zonation in the watershed of Torood. Themost important effective factor in happending gully erosion such as slope, aspect,litology, land use, distance of communications network, land and canopy cover wereselected as the most important factors on gully development and their layers wereprovided in GIS environment. All three gullies in the area were selected for the study.For each gully, three soil samples were collected from 25, 50 and 75 percent of gullylength and three from outside of gully for comparison. This Samples have examinedfrom the view of Gypsum, Organic Carbon, Salinity, Saturation Percentage, Lime,Sodiun Absorption Ratio and PH. Gully erosion zonation map of Torood watershedwas prepared using 1:40,000 areal photos of 2001 and field measurements using GPS.The area covered by gully erosion in each class of effective factors, were computed byoverlaying gully erosion zonation map with effective factor layers. Effective factorsand their classes in related layers were weighted using Multi Class Mapsmethod.Results demonstrated that 88 percent of gullies are located at high to very highclasses of vulnerability zones. Soil analysis also indicated that salinity, gypsum andsodium absorption ratio in the gullies are higher and the amount of organic carbon isless than that of surrounded areas. But, there were no significant difference betweensaturation percentage, lime and pH in the gullies and surrounded areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Identification and Representation of Static and Dynamic Districts in the Geography of Elections in Guilan Province
Zahra Pishgahi Fard Roghayeh Sharifi Chaboki

After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, during the years since 1979 to 2011, we haveobserved 8 terms of parliament elections in Iran. During these terms, political partiesand factions played an important and sensitive role in elections and assignation ofparliament members More

After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, during the years since 1979 to 2011, we haveobserved 8 terms of parliament elections in Iran. During these terms, political partiesand factions played an important and sensitive role in elections and assignation ofparliament members.The main goal of this paper is to identify and discover dynamic and static districtsbased on factions and representatives in 8 terms of parliament election after theIslamic Revolution of Iran. The studied district in this research is Guilan Province thathas highly participated in political cooperation and elections in Iran during 8 terms ofparliament elections.This paper with analytical method and by using Geographical Information System(GIS) is attempting to answer the following questions that if there is dynamic andstatic districts for factions and representatives in Guilan Province? In case of existenceof static districts, political direction of the selective districts of Guilan Province istoward which party?The gained results in this research show that during 8 terms of elections of theIslamic Parliament in Guilan Province, some of elective districts of Guilan Provinceare dynamic and some other are static, and tendency of major of representatives andresidences of selective districts are toward right party. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - The presence of ICT and its Role in the Changes of Urban Areas
معصومه مطلق

Introduction and purpose: the changes have occurred due to the information and communication technology lead to depth evolution in the city and urban areas. This matter causes new needs for thinking and research. The cities consider as a place for new phenomena and adva More

Introduction and purpose: the changes have occurred due to the information and communication technology lead to depth evolution in the city and urban areas. This matter causes new needs for thinking and research. The cities consider as a place for new phenomena and advancement of technology and development. So the purpose of this article is to study the role of ICT in changes of urban areas. Methodology: this paper is based on documentary study and library research. Findings: the findings show that the information and communication technology based on theories of Castelles, Giddens and Toffler influence on the urban areas like economic, cultural, social, political, technological and geographical. These changes reveal in the structure and context of cities and impact on business, urban behavior, norms, technological aspect and even the relationship between people and government. Results: the city represents the modern events and technology so ICT as general phenomena influences on the many human activities from personal usage till different urban areas. The ICT considers as the multiuser and flexible instrument that acts like suitable solution in the forms of personal and local uses for safeguarding of different needs. Also it leads to the new phase of urbanization which needs to achievement of technological skills. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Feasibility study on establish photovoltaic powerhouse to produce urban electricity need Case study: Garmsar
نرگس منصوری اسماعیل شیعه

Introduction: According to the energy balance sheet; 99% of energy resources is fossil in Iran. On the other hand; base on the World Bank statistics, during 10 years, air pollution damage will rise to $ 16000000. In this situation and especially because of natural poten More

Introduction: According to the energy balance sheet; 99% of energy resources is fossil in Iran. On the other hand; base on the World Bank statistics, during 10 years, air pollution damage will rise to $ 16000000. In this situation and especially because of natural potential using solar energy as a powerhouse is acceptable. Usage of photovoltaic as a powerhouse is one of the new ways to produce energy in regions which have suitable irradiation. Furthermore it needs precise feasibility study to find best location. Methodology: This study has used AHP method to weight criteria and sub criteria which effect on photovoltaic farms. Then GIS is used to locate photovoltaic farms. So this study is an experimental research. Findings:  1) Economics is the most important criteria and the final electricity cost is the most important factor to establish a photovoltaic powerhouse. 2) Suitable areas for a solar powerhouse can be found around Garmsar (one of the internal desert areas in Iran) which has sufficient potential to produce electricity. Results: Land use and land cover are factors which contains 96.4% of whole. As a result, mentioned factors have the most important role in photovoltaic farms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Investigating the Effect of Carbon Sequestration Plan on Principle of Broaden Participation in Building Resilience of Social-Ecological Systems (Case study: Khatam, Jajarm and Galikesh counties)
Hossein Moradi Majid Rahimi Sirous Shamshiri

10.30495/jaeer.2022.64727.10908

The resilience of social-ecological systems to environmental changes such as climate change requires the guarantee of environmental systems such as water supply systems and human resources such as resource governance systems and stakeholder participation. In Iran, the I More

The resilience of social-ecological systems to environmental changes such as climate change requires the guarantee of environmental systems such as water supply systems and human resources such as resource governance systems and stakeholder participation. In Iran, the International Carbon Sequestration Project, in cooperation, was initially launched in 2005 with the aim of preventing the phenomenon of desertification. Therefore, in this study, the local communities of the three target areas of this project, including Khatam, Jajarm and Oghan watershed of Galikesh and the impact of the project on the broaden of stakeholder participation were examined. For this purpose, two villages from each region were selected by simple random sampling and a questionnaire measuring the broaden participation among farmers and ranchers in the target villages was completed. The results showed that the implementation of carbon sequestration plan in the three study areas in the five dimensions studied did not increase the broaden participation to an acceptable level. Also, the comparison of the performance of the three regions showed that in Jajarm, the weakest performance and in Galikesh, the best performance has been done in order to expand the participation of stakeholders. Indicators of broaden participation were acceptable only in Ogan watershed and Khatam in 14 out of 90 possible cases. As a result, transparency of goals and expectations, presence and involvement of stakeholders, facilitation, and leadership, capacity building, power, and sourcing in all aspects of social, economic, organizational, infrastructure, and social capital have not performed well. Therefore, the resilience of ecosystem services in the three study areas will be jeopardized due to the lack of expansion of stakeholder participation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Explain the Sustainable Management Extension Strategies of Zagros Oak Forest Basin
Davood Negahdari Alireza Poursaeed Roya Eshraghi Samani, mohamad bagher arayesh Behrooz Naseri

10.30495/jaeer.2023.68316.10928

Currently, the protection and sustainable management of forest ecosystems in the Zagros vegetation area has always been the main concern of activists and officials in this area. On the other hand, the agricultural Extension as an interdisciplinary science examines the p More

Currently, the protection and sustainable management of forest ecosystems in the Zagros vegetation area has always been the main concern of activists and officials in this area. On the other hand, the agricultural Extension as an interdisciplinary science examines the phenomenon of decline of Zagros oak forests from a sociological and psychological perspective, as well as from an agricultural and rural perspective, and offers strategies that maintain the sustainability of natural resources while maintaining livelihoods. Also elevate. the present study aimed to Explain the Sustainable Management Extension Strategies of Zagros Oak Forest by using SWOT method. In this regard, internal and external factors were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 scientific and executive experts in the provinces of Zagros basin in the form of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Additionally, they were identified through line-by-line analysis in the form of common content and using MAXqda12 software analysis. In the next step, the internal and external factors questionnaire was adjusted and and the weight factor of each factor was calculated and the identified strategies were prioritized based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix.Considering the results in the internal and external factor evaluation matrix for the sustainable management of forests in the basin, as well as the dominance of weaknesses in the external factor evaluation matrix and threats in the internal, defensive pattern was more prioritized for managing the forests sustainably compared to the other strategic patterns. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - The efficiency of suggested keywords and queries among the retrieved sources in PubMed: medical users’ viewpoint in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
Abdolrasoul Khosravi Zahra Poosh Shole Arastoopoor

Purpose: Medical users face some difficulties in formulating a correct search query while they want to quest in an information retrieval system. To solve this problem, PubMed has added some suggested keywords and queries to its own interface. This research studies the e More

Purpose: Medical users face some difficulties in formulating a correct search query while they want to quest in an information retrieval system. To solve this problem, PubMed has added some suggested keywords and queries to its own interface. This research studies the efficiency of these suggested keywords and queries among the retrieved sources in PubMed database from the viewpoint of medical users in Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Methodology: The populations of this study include MSc students, professional medical students, and faculty members who have had an approved proposal. According to the purpose of the study and using a systematic non probability sampling 40 users selected as the sample study. Findings: The results show that 53 percent of suggested keywords and queries in PubMed have a complete relevancy with initial queries of users. Furthermore, there is not a significant difference between the users’ keywords and the suggested keywords in PubMed. Results: Suggested keywords and queries are an appropriate strategy to access relevant sources which can satisfy users’ need. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - A Survey of Information literacy on Ph.D. students and faculty of the Research Institute of Hawzeh and University in Qom
Mohammad Sajedi Ali Reza Isfandiari Moghadam

Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to identify the information literacy level of Ph.D. students and faculty members of the Research Institute of Hawzeh and University in Qom. Methodology: In this study, in order to evaluate the information literacy level of P More

Purpose: The main purpose of this research is to identify the information literacy level of Ph.D. students and faculty members of the Research Institute of Hawzeh and University in Qom. Methodology: In this study, in order to evaluate the information literacy level of PhD students and faculty members of the Research Institute of Hawzeh and University in Qom, survey and analytical methods are conducted. The population of current research is 77 individual that included all PhD students and faculty members of the Research Institute of Hawzeh and University. Data collecting is based on two methods of field and library studies. A researcher- made questionnaire was used to gather information [data]. The questionnaire consists 27 items. Of the 77 questionnaires distributed, a total of 67 completed questionnaires were returned. Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient was calculated to determine the reliability and obtained 0.83 that showed good reliability of the questionnaire.  Findings: Findings of the study show that 60.9 percents of the statistical population are highly expert in recognition of information needs and identification of its nature and range. Also, 48.8 percent of researchers are completely familiar with information access and acquisition methods. According to the statistical results, in the 57.85 percent of the population, the level of familiarity with the information assessment methods is highly desirable. Also, 58.3 of the statistical populations get benefit in large. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Investigation of lithological units susceptibility of erosion using mineralogical characteristics
Seid Saeid Ghiasi Sadat Feiznia Alireza Moghadam nia Somayye Najirad

Soil resource conservation requires management approaches and provides appropriate solutions that can be achieved by knowing nature of rock units and relative importance of main sediment sources. The aim of this study is to determine hole of each lithological unit in se More

Soil resource conservation requires management approaches and provides appropriate solutions that can be achieved by knowing nature of rock units and relative importance of main sediment sources. The aim of this study is to determine hole of each lithological unit in sediment generation and to recognize their erosion conditions. For this purpose after sampling the sediment source and sediments of waterways of Kiov-chai Watershed, grading was performed for all samples by dry sieving. Then, 600 micron and 4 mm sieves were selected as indicators and by choosing 100 grains of sediment from each sample, mineralogical analysis was performed using a pair of binocular and considering mineral and rock fragments the results were compared with and adapted to the lithological units and the share percentage of each stone, was determined by counting the number of minerals and rock fragments. The results showed, Qvl lithological unit has the highest share in sediment yield with a 45.51 percent and has the very severe erosion status with total erosion index score with a 1053.14 which can be justified completely due to extensive degradation and its spread on both sides of the main river. After Qvl lithological unit, Qds2 and Qvb lithological units have the highest share in sediment yield with a 30.87 and 10.54 percent, respectively and Qtasllithological unit has the lowest share in sediment yield with a 45.51 percent. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Investigation the effect of land use changes on the quantity of water resources using remote sensing data and SWAT model (Case study: Maroon basin-southwest of Iran)
khosrow shafiei Jahangir porhemmat Hossien sedghi Majid Hosseni

The Correct management watersheds is one of the most important methods is the optimal use of soil and water resources. To do this, it’s need for comprehensive information of different methods administrative management. Recent decades, correct and timely assessment More

The Correct management watersheds is one of the most important methods is the optimal use of soil and water resources. To do this, it’s need for comprehensive information of different methods administrative management. Recent decades, correct and timely assessment of quantitative and qualitative runoff is considered one of the concerns of the country's macro management. This project is modeling and evaluation and efficiency of the SWAT model to simulate the monthly runoff, sensitivity analysis, optimization of critical parameters, to evaluate the effect land use during the past four decades on Quantity of Maroon River watershed at the departure station (Idanak) in Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad. For this purpose, were used from semi-distributed SWAT model and SUFI2 program in the form of bundles SWAT CUP for sensitivity analysis, calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis.In this research first were prepared changes in land use map available as well as soil and vegetation in the watershed Maroon map within four ten-year period from 1980 to 2010 by using TM and ETM sensor of Landsat satellite .Observations Data of hydrometric Idenak station as base station was used during 1970 to 2010 in four ten-year period to observe changes in runoff during the calibration and validation. Compare the effect of land use management options on the different components of the hydrological cycle shows different amounts of runoff. Shows a the pessimistic scenario occurred in four decades. With continuing damage to the state in land use regression various amounts of runoff increases and decreases permeability and gullies on the surface and deep aquifers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Providing a method for determining the flood producing regions based on the relationship between flooding index and morphometric
بهارک معتمدوزیری Masoumeh Gharib Hasan Ahmadi

River basin planning is an essential factor for sustainable development and land management. Therefore, sub-basins prioritizing and detecting morphometrically characteristics to identify the hydrological behaviors of watersheds and designing management strategies are ve More

River basin planning is an essential factor for sustainable development and land management. Therefore, sub-basins prioritizing and detecting morphometrically characteristics to identify the hydrological behaviors of watersheds and designing management strategies are very important. The aim of present study is to prioritize the flooding of the basin by distributional method and provide a method for determining the flood generating areas in the Tangrah watershed. To this end, the inputs of the rainfall-runoff model were extracted and then the model was calibrated and validated. For this purpose, the inputs of the rainfall-runoff model were extracted and then modclark model calibrated and validated. In the next step, in order to determine the flooding of homogeneous units and sub-basins with unit flood response method, sequential removal and replacement of these units and simulation of flood hydrographs for designed rainfall were carried out at the Golestan National Park's rain gauge station. Then the effect of each homogeneous unit and sub-basin on the total output hydrograph in the watershed was calculated. Finally, for a flood with a return period of 50 years and 100 years for non-statistical watersheds, a correlated multivariable correlation between morphometric parameters and flood index was presented. The results of the potential runoff production map with the return period of 50 and 100 years showed that the runoff production potential was upward downstream of the basin, and the homogeneous unit 116 was recognized as the most effective unit in the high runoff potential, which is due to more rainfall as well as The steep slope and high (CN) in this homogeneous unit, the runoff production potential is nearer the outlet of the basin than the upstream areas. The results of this study showed that by integrating the GIS and hydrologic models, we can investigate the interaction of physiographic and climatic factors on the spill potential of watersheds. Considering the peak synchronization and the flood roughing role in the rivers, prioritized sub-areas as desired Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Evaluation of Genetic Expression Programming model for Suspended Sediment Load estimation based on data preprocessing using Gamma Test method (Case study: Rood Zard watershed)
Adele Alijanpour Shalmani Ali Reza Vaezi Mahmood Reza Tabatabaei

In this research, the data of the machine hydrometric station was used in the Rood Zard watershed with a statistical period of 36 years (1977-2012). In order to reduce time and cost, pre-processing of input data into the GEP model was obtained using gamma test method an More

In this research, the data of the machine hydrometric station was used in the Rood Zard watershed with a statistical period of 36 years (1977-2012). In order to reduce time and cost, pre-processing of input data into the GEP model was obtained using gamma test method and entered the GEP model along with non-preprocessing combinations of the test and error method. The results of comparison between all models showed that the best combination of input variable from gamma test with the lowest standard error is zero, gamma statistic is 0.000092 and Vratio statistic is 0.012 and the combination of variables including average daily flow discharge with two steps of time delay and average daily precipitation with three steps of time delay, had the most accurate and correct estimate for suspended sediment load. This model had the lowest value of RMSE=1671.90 (ton/day) and MAE=475.68 (ton/day) and the highest value of R2=0.99 and NSE=0.99 compared to other models. Therefore, the use of gamma test method as a data preprocessing method, by selecting combinations of appropriate input variables to models, an average of up to 40% of the estimated error (RMSE) of daily suspended sediment load compared to the inputs from the test and reduce the error and increase the performance of the GEP model in estimating the suspended sediment load by increasing the similarity between the values of observational data with computational data. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Evaluation of climate change performance using two hydrological models with different structures
Sadegh Valeh Baharak Motamedvaziri Hadi Kiadaliri Hasan Ahmadi

10.30495/wsrcj.2021.18544

One of the major challenges affecting the natural ecosystems and various aspects of human life is climate change. The effects of global warming on the hydrology and water cycle in nature are very serious, and the quantitative recognition of these effects creates more re More

One of the major challenges affecting the natural ecosystems and various aspects of human life is climate change. The effects of global warming on the hydrology and water cycle in nature are very serious, and the quantitative recognition of these effects creates more readiness to deal with its consequences. In the present study, the black box model (artificial neural network) and the semi-distributed model (SWAT) were selected and examined according to error and uncertainty. This paper employed the large-scale model (CanESM2) under scenarios RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 to investigate the effect of climate change. The results of climate change in this study showed that runoff (3-59%) and temperature (1.53-6.93 °C) have an increasing trend. In particular, this increasing trend is further exhibited by extreme values and severe floods. Also, the amount of runoff will increase by 7-11% in the upcoming period. For this reason, it is necessary to pay attention in urban studies to the increase of flood occurrence in the future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Role of Biological Measures in Soil Erosion Processes using InVEST Model in the Sharghong Watershed, South Khorasan, Iran
Reza Chamani Sahar Mostafaei Younjali Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi

10.30495/wsrcj.2023.73563.11380

Introduction and Aim: Ecosystems nowadays play a unique role in meeting human demands and offering a variety of services to their stakeholders. However, occurrence of various happening, including population increase and rising demand for basic human requirements,&n More

Introduction and Aim: Ecosystems nowadays play a unique role in meeting human demands and offering a variety of services to their stakeholders. However, occurrence of various happening, including population increase and rising demand for basic human requirements, have created problems for Ecosystem Services (ES). As a result, land degradation is a significant environmental issue that is impacted by a variety of elements and factors. Soil conservation and erosion prevention can benefit from management and conservation measures, as well as the development of plant cover in a watershed. Therefore, an effort has been made in this study to assess how the Sharghong Watershed in Southern Khorasan, Iran, and its biological and management activities affect soil erosion at various rainfall intensities. Method: The Sharghong Watershed, with an area of 94.87 km2, is located in Birjand Township, South Khorasan Province, Iran. The mean annual precipitation in the watershed is approximately 210 mm. Due to its steep slopes in the eastern and southeastern parts, the presence of residential areas and barberry orchards in the floodplain, and intense precipitation in the spring, the Sharghong Watershed has a good potential for flooding. for evaluating. The role of biological restoration operations in soil erosion processes in study watershed InVEST Model was used. Annual precipitation data from the Qaen, Birjand, Mousavieh, and Mansourabad stations were utilized for the period between 2002 and 2020, with return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 50 years, to generate the inputs for the InVEST model. The erosivity, erodibility, crop management and land maintenance factor were then determined. Results: The maximum rainfall erosivity index (R) values for return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 50 years were 47.08, 63.68, 85.01, and 98.94 MJ mm ha-1h-1, respectively. The minimum values of R for the same return periods were 42.88, 56.68, 74.47, and 85.85 MJ mm ha-1h-1, respectively. The annual sediment yield for return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 50 years were 6699.27, 9024.56, 17452.27, and 20862.30 t, respectively. Following the implementation of the management scenario in different sub-watersheds, sediment yield reached 6439.39, 8668.37, 16892.94, and 17390.87 t, respectively. The obtained results indicated reductions of 3.9, 3.9, 3.2, and 1.7%, respectively, for return periods of 2, 5, 10, and 50 years. Conclusion: In this research, the role of biological management in controlling erosion and sedimentation in the Sharghonj Watershed during the different return periods of rainfall has been evaluated. The results of the research indicate that with the increase in the intensity of rainfall, in the current land use, the amount of erosion and sedimentation has increased, but with the application of management scenarios at the level of different sub-catchment, erosion and sedimentation has slightly decreased during the different return periods of rainfall. Due to the fact that the intensity of rainfall in the region plays an important role in creating erosion and its effect is intensified by the combination of sloping lands, the principled use of land in accordance with its potential can play an effective role in preventing land degradation. Therefore, the approaches of this research can be beneficial for providing a suitable management model for managers, operators and beneficiaries of watersheds.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - The role of flood routing in determination and Prioritizing hydrologic units Bostan Dam Basin from flooding and showing management technique
Seyed Alireza Bahrami Majid Onagh Hasan Farazjoo

Determining flood producing regions and sub-basins flood producing priorities are considered very important in the management of large watersheds. In this paper the flood routing role in separating and determining flood producing regions in the Bostan dam wate More

Determining flood producing regions and sub-basins flood producing priorities are considered very important in the management of large watersheds. In this paper the flood routing role in separating and determining flood producing regions in the Bostan dam watershed of Golestan province in northern Iran after discharge routing of sub-basins in main waterways up to the main outlet of watershed was studied. For achieving the above goal, geographical information system (GIS), a hydrological model (HEC-HMS) and individual iterative elimination of sub-basins was used to calculate related hydrographs with design precipitation for each sub-basin. With consecutive elimination of sub-basins in each run of the model, the total discharge from whole watershed basin after flood routing in main waterways with considering the eliminated sub-basin was calculated; therefore effect of each sub-basin in flood producing capacity at the main outlet was determined. The sub-basin, with highest contribution in producing watershed outlet flood was recognized as most producing flood sub-basin. Then other sub-basins were ranked according to their quantitative share in producing flood discharge at outlet. Flood routing in waterways showed that contribution rate of sub-basins in outlet flood was not proportional with peak discharge of sub-basins and those sub basins with higher discharge do not necessarily have the highest contribution in basin's outlet flood, since waterways parameters of routing and the spatial location of sub-basins can change the contribution status. In order to eliminate the area effect in sub-basin ranking, the degree of influence of every sub-basin unit in the outlet flood was calculated, which changed the flood producing ranking of sub-basins. Finally with respect to the obtained results, required management guidelines were suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Modeling the Effects of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in the Watershed of Khorramabad Using RS and GIS Integration Model and L- THIA
hadis rashidi Ali Haghizadeh Hossein zeinivand Naser Tahmasebipour

10.30495/jest.2021.23574.3273

Background and Objective: land use change, mainly socio-economic benefits to follow. However, these changes have negative effects on the natural environment. Due to the high volume of runoff from a lack of permeability in the city and Non-use of certain areas or any str More

Background and Objective: land use change, mainly socio-economic benefits to follow. However, these changes have negative effects on the natural environment. Due to the high volume of runoff from a lack of permeability in the city and Non-use of certain areas or any structure in addition to the problem of flooding in low-lying areas for water infiltration in several studies to develop models with simulation approach to land use changes have taken place. In this study, L-THIA model for estimating runoff from land use changes in the area of Khorramabad is used. The Model of L-THIA, a model to assess long-term effects land use change on water resources using simple and availability data Such as long-term climate data, land use map and soil map applicable.  Methods: This study was conducted in a period of 10 years and in the period of 2004-2014. Landsat images from the site the US Geological Survey has been downloaded and various corrections have been made. Land use maps were prepared and used using Landsat 7 satellite images of ETM sensors and Landsat 8 images of OLI sensors related to 2004 and 2014, respectively. Precipitation data are provided by the Regional Water Authority. After sorting, they are prepared for future analysis. By combining land use map and soil texture map in GIS software, the soil hydrological group is produced. Finally, the prepared maps are given to the L-THIA model and the effect of land use change on surface runoff is investigated.Findings: The results of modeling using L-THIA, increased annual runoff in ten years shows that this increased volume of runoff and the need for control over land use change in the region. User modifications to increase mainly in residential areas and loss of woodland and grassland.Discussion and Conclusion: As the results of this study show, the L-THIA model has a good ability to express the effect of land use change on the volume and depth of runoff. Also, using the results of the study, it is possible to prepare control programs for land use changes to prevent runoff in the area.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Preparation of Land Use Map Using ETM+ Landsat (A Case Study in Hendodar Watershed)
Rezvan davodpour Hamid Toranjzar

10.22034/jest.2020.5723.1481

Background and Objective: High population growth rate has led to excessive use of capacity and double pressure on natural resources, resulting in rapid land use changes. Therefore, quick and accurate identification of types of land cover can play an effective role in pl More

Background and Objective: High population growth rate has led to excessive use of capacity and double pressure on natural resources, resulting in rapid land use changes. Therefore, quick and accurate identification of types of land cover can play an effective role in planning and management. Satellite data because of vast and integrated sight covering with different electromagnetic spectrums and updated images are very suitable for making applicable Land use maps. The aim of this study is preparation of land use map using ETM+ landsat (a Case Study in Hendodar Watershed) Method: The Landsat 7 satellite images were used to determine the land use changes of Hendodar watershed in Markazi province. The GPS was used to determine the position of land use and land cover types on the basis of taking test and ground control points on field investigation. Obtained samples were used for supervised classification with four different algorithms including maximum Likelihood, minimum distance, Minimum Mahalanobis Distance and Box Classification.  Findings: The optimum index factor (OIF) for the main bands and PCA (principal coordinate analysis) were used to select the optimum combination of three bands in a satellite image to create a color composite, sample set and other operation and classification. Among the algorithms, the maximum likelihood classification algorithm had better results from the types of coverage and lands use on the images.  Discussion and Conclusion: The maximum likelihood classification algorithm with combination of b7, b4, b1 bands with 81.25% accuracy is the best algorithms of land use determination and classification comparing with real ground map of the area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Assessment of Land Changes in Tajan River Watershed with Emphasis on Landscape Metrics
Fatemeh Rajaei Abbas Esmaili Sari Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny Majid Delavar Ali Reza Massah Bavani

10.30495/jest.2018.16325.2477

Introduction: Land cover and its configuration in the landscape are crucial components in the provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Hyrcanian forests have a long history (arising in the Jurassic Period) and are among the world's most valuable forests; the de More

Introduction: Land cover and its configuration in the landscape are crucial components in the provision of biodiversity and ecosystem services. Hyrcanian forests have a long history (arising in the Jurassic Period) and are among the world's most valuable forests; the decline in the Hyrcanian forests is one of the most serious problems of recent years. Material & Method: This study aims at comparing multi-temporal land use and landscape pattern analysis using satellite images from 1984, 2001 and 2010. Land use and spatial structures were predicted for future time horizons in the Tajan Watershed by land change modeler (LCM). Also, the landscape patterns were calculated by FRAGSTATS 4.2. Result & Discussion: The results show that forest was the dominant land cover (72% of area in 1984 and 46% in 2040) in the study area. The total area of forest was 8/4 times higher than the agriculture land cover in 1984 and 1.8 times in 2040. The Largest patch Index (LPI) shows forest lands as dominant cover in the whole period. Also proximity index (PROX) in agriculture and pasture land use increase during 1984 to 2040. The Edge density (ED) will increase in the future for three land uses. The edge density will increase at forest land use from 2010 to 2040. An informed vision on past, present and future forest area dynamics may help guide and prioritize international decisions aimed at reducing forest loss. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Study of Quality & Pollution of Urmia Gadarchay Catchment, Using Water Quality Index and WRASTIC Vulnerability Model
nazli Moghadam yekta Seyed Ali Jozi abdolreza karimi

10.22034/jest.2020.34714.4184

Background and Objectives: Study area of this study is Gadarchay Catchment (Part of Urmia Basin) that has been affected by the agricultural and industrial activities as well as population points. In this study, quality and pollution of Gadarchay Catchment Using Iran Wat More

Background and Objectives: Study area of this study is Gadarchay Catchment (Part of Urmia Basin) that has been affected by the agricultural and industrial activities as well as population points. In this study, quality and pollution of Gadarchay Catchment Using Iran Water Quality Index and WRASTIC Vulnerability Model has been investigated to improve water quality, preventing of pollution and reducing pollution load by using management mitigation plans. Method: After collecting the history of study and completing the information, the catchment area have been assigned and divided to eight zones. Then sampling stations have been chosen by some criterions and sampling program have been started seasonally and the water quality index using IRWQISC have been estimated. Findings: The quality of rivers was in partly bad to partly good. The vulnerability of the catchment area has been calculated 59 that show the high sensitivity of the river catchment area. Availability of pollutants in the study area for example fisheries, bird houses, slaughter house, industrial areas and urban and rural areas by the river and discharge of waste water, causes wide pollution in river specially in mid-zone and downstream of the catchment area. These pollutants are increasing due to the growth of population and industrial and agricultural development. Discussion and Conclusion: For improvement of water quality and preventing of pollution, management mitigation plans are used and proposed plans including one structural plan, four non-structural plans and two joint plans are planned. Also it’s useful to detect pollutant sources and quality conservation acts and pollution control in case of monitoring of water quality projects and reforming the existing water quality monitoring. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Investigating the Quantitative Trend of Land Changes in Kermanshah Province (Case Study: Gharesou and Mereg Watershed (in years 1984, 2000, and 2016))
Fatemeh Mardani Yaghouti Mehrdad Khanmohammadi Peyman Karami

10.22034/jest.2018.28911.3762

Background and Objectives:  Human activities change land cover at unprecedented speeds and large spatial scales. The rapid changes in ecosystems in recent decades have been more along all the human history and have led to unprecedented changes in ecosystems and env More

Background and Objectives:  Human activities change land cover at unprecedented speeds and large spatial scales. The rapid changes in ecosystems in recent decades have been more along all the human history and have led to unprecedented changes in ecosystems and environmental performance at local, regional and global scales. This research aims to investigate the process of landscape quantitative changes in Gharesou and Mereg watersheds. Investigation method: For monitoring changes, Landsat satellite imagery of 1984 (TM), 2000 (ETM+) and 2016 (OLI-TIRS) were used. The classification was performed using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model. Land cover was classified into seven categories. Metrics PLAND, NP (Number of Patch), PD (Patch Density), and ED (Edge Density) at the Level of Class, NP, LPI (Largest Patch Index), CONTAG (Contagion), and SHDI (Shannon's diversity index) were calculated at the level of Landscape for the study area. Results: The results indicate that the highest percentage of the land cover belongs to agricultural lands and then medium rangelands. The numbers of patches of agricultural land in the period of 1984-2004 has increased due to the conversion of rangelands to agricultural lands and then between years 2000-2016 have decreased due to the conversion to medium ranges with a lesser rate. The number of forest patches in the first period has decreased because of conversion to medium rangelands and increased during the second period. Conclusion: The study of the landscape metrics indicates the increase in continuity, the reduction of fragmentation and diversity in the first time period, and in contrast, in the second time period, continuity has decreased and fragmentation and diversity have increased. Given the fact that the process of landscape changes varies over two different periods, it can generally be noted that the fragmentation and diversity of the landscape have declined and the spatial continuity has increased. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Ecological Capability for Forest Development Using AHP (Arangeh Watershed, Alborz Town (
Shadi Sharifian mohammad rezvani faeahnaz rashidi

10.22034/jest.2019.17176.2601

Background and Objective: Due to the natural forests degradation rate, increasing human population and increasing need to ecosystem services, forest development and afforestation process will be unavoidable. In this respect, before any implementation of afforestation pr More

Background and Objective: Due to the natural forests degradation rate, increasing human population and increasing need to ecosystem services, forest development and afforestation process will be unavoidable. In this respect, before any implementation of afforestation project, site selection of suitable areas and evaluation of ecological potential should be considered. This research has been done with the aim of evaluating the ecological potential of Arangeh watershed located in Alborz province and locating suitable areas for afforestation.  Methods: According to the purpose of the study, in order to evaluate the ecological potential, effective environmental criteria including physical factors (physiography, climate and soil) and biological factors (vegetation) were identified. Then, area information was collected, including reports and data, as well as maps were produced. In the next step, by stacking and combining the information layers, homogeneous units were produced. Using Boolean logic, lands with absolute and permanent constraints were removed from the evaluation process and finally 108 unrestricted units were identified for evaluation. Then, the weights of the main indicators were determined using the AHP method (pairwise comparisons) and expert opinions. Qualitative values The main indices were converted to quantitative scale using the bipolar distance method and then the final value of each homogeneous unit was calculated by the SAW method. Results: In this study, land potentials for afforestation in three categories including: excellent (9/5 ha), good (1015/9 ha), and average (578/5 ha) were determined and finally an ecological potential map for the development of forest was produced. Discussion & conclusion: It can be concluded that, in 15% of the area, there is potential for afforestation, that ecological potential has relatively suitable conditions in these areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Comparison of Procedure of Artificial Neural Networks, Logistic Regression and Similarity Weighted Instance-Based Learning in Modeling and Predicting the Destruction of the Forest (Case Study: Gorgan-Rood Watershed- Golestan Province)
zeynab moradi Ali Reza Mikaeili-T

10.22034/jest.2020.10480

Background and Objective: The change in forest cover plays a vital role in ecosystem services, atmospheric carbon balance and thus climate change. The goal of this study is comparison of three procedure of Artificial Neural Network, Logistic regression and Similarity we More

Background and Objective: The change in forest cover plays a vital role in ecosystem services, atmospheric carbon balance and thus climate change. The goal of this study is comparison of three procedure of Artificial Neural Network, Logistic regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning (SIM Weight) to predict spatial trend of forest cover change. Method: In this study, land use maps for the periods 1984 and 2012 derived from Landsat TM satellite imagery, was used. Transition potential modeling using artificial neural network, Logistic regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning and prediction based on the best model using Markov chain model was performed. In order to assess the accuracy of modeling, statistics of relative performance characteristic (ROC), ratio Hits/False Alarms and figure of merit was used. Findings: The results show the accuracy of artificial neural network with the ROC equal to 0.975, the ratio Hits/False Alarms equal to 63 percent and the figure of merit is equal to 12 percent. Discussion and Conclusions: Artificial Neural Networks in comparison with Logistic Regression and Similarity weighted Instance-based Learning has higher accuracy and less error in modeling and predicting of forest changes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Habitat Suitability Modeling for Brown Bear (Ursus arctos syriacus) in Naposhteh-Chai Watershed
جلیل سرهنگ زاده Bahman Kiani

10.22034/jest.2019.27977.3706

Background and Objective: Brown bear (Ursus Arctos) is classified as a Least Concern (LC) species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but its population and distribution have decreased during last decades. This study was carried out to assess t More

Background and Objective: Brown bear (Ursus Arctos) is classified as a Least Concern (LC) species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), but its population and distribution have decreased during last decades. This study was carried out to assess the habitat suitability for Brown bear and the effective factors affecting its distribution in Naposhteh-Chai watershed. Method: Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) approach available in MaxEnt software was used for the habitat suitability modeling of this species from autumn 2015 to autumn 2016. Information layers determined as affecting variables on this species include the slope, aspect, elevation, land use, water resources, human development variables (villages and roads) and climate. Findings: Results showed that 24.4 percent of Naposhteh-Chai watershed were suitable for Brown bear. Based on habitat suitability map, Brown bear preferred elevation range of 1000 to 2100 meters and slope of 10 to 60 percent. Furthermore, existing of densed forests, farmlands, water sources, villages and also aspect and climate, are important factors in the presence of this species. Discussion and Conclusion: Results of model evaluation using the area under the curve (ROC= 0.970) showed that prediction of this model are much more accurate than random conditions. Brown bear suitable integrated habitats, are located in Makidi, Oskolu, Naposhteh and Bala Sang areas. Prevention of tourism development in the suitable habitats of Brown bear, and, determination of corridors and movement routs of the species outside of the Naposhteh-Chai watershed in future studies were suggested in the route of this research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Evaluating the Impacts of Implemented Watershed Management Project on Vegetal Cover and Sediment Yield in Kakhk Watershed Project
Ali Bagherian Kalat Gholam Reza Lashkaripour Mohammad Gafoori

10.30495/jest.2022.27360.3642

Background and Objective: This research was carried out to study the impacts of implemented watershed management project on vegetal cover and sediment yield in Kakhk Watershed Project.Material and Methodology: In this research in the first stage characteristics of each More

Background and Objective: This research was carried out to study the impacts of implemented watershed management project on vegetal cover and sediment yield in Kakhk Watershed Project.Material and Methodology: In this research in the first stage characteristics of each predicted mechanical operations from detailed studies of Kakhk watershed were recorded. Also, the soil erosion and vegetation condition of area before performancing watershed operation were determined. The characteristics of each watershed management structures such as situation, number, volume and its siltation were measured. The biological conservation and efficiency were studied via measuring percent of grass cover, the numbers of live bushes and trees per unit area. The soil erosion was measured by applying MPSIAC model. Consequently, the present and preliminary conditions of watershed (in terms of soil erosion and vegetal cover) were compared with each other and project efficiency was determined.Findings: This reseasch revealed that due to Kakhk implemented watershed management project the average vegetation cover and dry forage production increased from 25% and 17 kg to 49% and 89 kg, respectively. The mean efficiency of all mechanical activities is 76 %. The rate of soil erosion decreased from 20 to 10 t ha yr-1.Discussion and Conclusion: The data analysis revealed that after 20 years of project implementation, the vegetation factors improved obviously and the amount of soil erosion has fallen by 50 %. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Modelling of Input Phosphate Load to the Caspian Sea from Tajan Watershed Using Soil and Water Assesment Tool
ّFatemeh Rajaei Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz Mostafa Gholipour

10.22034/jest.2018.20105.2911

Background and Objective: The development of agriculture to respond to growing need for food causes more consumption of chemical fertilizers and water ecosystems pollution. Therefore, in this study estimation of nutrients from non-point sources, the amount of exceed tha More

Background and Objective: The development of agriculture to respond to growing need for food causes more consumption of chemical fertilizers and water ecosystems pollution. Therefore, in this study estimation of nutrients from non-point sources, the amount of exceed than standard level, evaluation of phosphate pollution input from Tajan watershed to the Caspian Sea is a priority for watershed health assessment. Method: In this study, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the simulation of phosphate during the years from 2001 to 2014 were used. Findings: The results showed that annual phosphate during 2001 to 2014, from about 29,000 to 102,900 kg in watershed output were different. Phosphate in winter and autumn were allocated 98 percent of total annual load. The highest levels of phosphate were in February (an average of 11 621 kg) and lowest in June (average 0.7 kg). Also, phosphate concentration was higher than drinking water quality standards (0.2 mg/l) in most subbasins.   Discussion and Conclusion: It is necessary to reduce the phosphatein in these subbasins. They should be prioritized in water quality management programs. Also, results showed that the SWAT model can be a useful tool for pollution reduction strategies.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Investigation and Preparation of Desertification Map Based on Iranian Model of Desertification Potential (IMDPA) with an emphasis on two criteria of soil and vegetation (Case study: Faryab-Kerman Province)
Ehsan Kamali Maskooni Mohammad Amin Kamali Ali Khanamani

10.22034/jest.2021.30618.3917

Background and Objective: According to the concept of desertification, which is land degradation in dry areas, the semi-arid, and dry sub-humid due to many factors such as climate change and human activities, this phenomenon has long been known as a serious problem in t More

Background and Objective: According to the concept of desertification, which is land degradation in dry areas, the semi-arid, and dry sub-humid due to many factors such as climate change and human activities, this phenomenon has long been known as a serious problem in terms of economic, social, and environmental in many countries. The purpose of this study was to study the desertification of Faryab city in southern Kerman province using Iranian IMDPA method. Method:The aim of this study was assessed desertification potential of Faryab region in the arid region of south of Kerman province by using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA) on soil and vegetation cover indicators.Each criterion was assessed based on the selected indices which result in qualitative mapping of each criterion cased on geometric average of the indices. Thematic databases, with a scale of 1:50000 were integrated and elaborated in Arc GIS 9.3. By laminate of thematic databases layers and using this formula DM=(VQI×SQI)1/2 to Calculate the geometric mean Criteria. Then Desertification intensity map was obtained with analysis IMDPA Model. Findings: Results indicated that 14.53% of study area classified as low class, 33.69% is classified as moderate class and 51.78% of area classified as a severe class of desertification. Analysis of desertification criteria in Faryab region showed that among study criteria, regeneration of vegetation of vegetation cover is a major problem with a geometric average of 3.82. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of this research, which indicates the importance of vegetation in desertification, it is suggested that a deeper investigation of the appropriate methods of remediation and improvement of the rangelands of the region be undertaken by the Natural Resources Department. In the case of lack of attention from the authorities, about 50% of other (medium and low desertification classes) will be subject to severe destruction, which will lead to damage to other elements of the ecosystem, including wildlife, and so on.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Environmental study of land degradation in Taleghan river basin scale with quantitative approach
Parisa Kharrazi Jamal Ghoddousi hasan Karimzadegan masoud Kheirkhah Zarkesh

10.30495/jest.2022.57587.5247

Background and Objective: Land degradation or land degradation is an important global challenge and dilemma that ultimately leads to desertification and the expansion of deserts, especially in areas with arid, semi-arid and semi-humid climates. Poverty and lack of food More

Background and Objective: Land degradation or land degradation is an important global challenge and dilemma that ultimately leads to desertification and the expansion of deserts, especially in areas with arid, semi-arid and semi-humid climates. Poverty and lack of food security, combined with the occurrence of severe droughts and other adverse climatic conditions that put excessive pressure on fragile ecosystems and basic natural resources (water, soil and plants), in such areas and causes Deprivation of vital resources becomes. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and criteria of each of the parameters and factors, both natural and man-made, affecting land degradation so that we can plan to manage them in order to preserve and restore environmental resource resources.Material and Methodology: In this research, using periodic remote sensing data, GIS, field observations and measurements and statistical methods are used and a quantitative model is used to estimate the results.Findings: Based on the obtained results, land degradation in Taleghan Dam watershed scale is a function of six factors: land slope, surface geological characteristics (rock units), soil properties, soil erosion facies by water, land protection and land use Among the factors affecting land degradation, the index of protection on the ground with a weight of 0.20 had the greatest impact on land degradation.Discussion and Conclusion: The proposed model can be used nationally as an efficient model in determining the rate (intensity) and extent of land degraded sites accurately to combat and manage the phenomenon. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - The Choice of Location of Underground Dams Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods TOPSIS and GIS in the Eastern Part of the Watershed of Gorganroud
Mohammad Reza Dahmardeh Ghaleno Ghasem Mirzaei Ehsan Alvandi

10.22034/jest.2021.25124.3412

Background and Objective: Groundwater dams are structures that have the ability to block subcortical water, retain water in local aquifers or divert water to adjacent aquifers, raise groundwater levels, store and make available groundwater. Taking into account the envir More

Background and Objective: Groundwater dams are structures that have the ability to block subcortical water, retain water in local aquifers or divert water to adjacent aquifers, raise groundwater levels, store and make available groundwater. Taking into account the environmental and socio-economic benefits of underground dams, proper location is the first step in the construction of these dams. New and innovative methods for correct location reduce the risks associated with improper location and construction of underground dams. For this purpose, in this research, through the use of multi-criteria decision-making methods along with the high capabilities of ArcGIS software, suitable location of underground dams in the eastern part of Gorganrood watershed in Golestan province has been done. Method: Criteria were considered including slope, drainage, geology, topography, land use, fault, soil texture, and positions of village. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to weighting the criteria. Then the TOPSIS technique is used to integrate criteria maps and locating underground dams. Findings: A consistency rate of 0.03, showed a relatively high accuracy of weighting process. Considering the normal weights, slope and positions of village were found to be the most and the least effective criteria, respectively. The results showed that the study area is classified into four categories for constructing underground dams: very suitable, suitable, partly suitable and unsuitable. The unsuitable category has the highest percentage of the surface area (76.7 percent) and the very suitable category has the lowest percentage of the surface area (2.1 percent). Discussion and Conclusion: In conclusion, with considering high capacities of multiple-criteria decision-making methods and GIS in locating underground dams, as expert opinions are more accurate and data are newer and it is more possible to get better results from these techniques and tools. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Effects of Rangeland Exclosure on Chemical and Organic Properties of Soil (Case study: Gonbad Area)
Abbas Ghobadi Davoud Akhzari

10.22034/jest.2021.32769.4059

Background and Objective: Grazing as one of ecological disturbances causes changes in soil characteristics of rangelands. This study was carried out to study the effect of Grazed pasture on plant cover, microbial deposits and some soil characteristics of Gonbad in Hamed More

Background and Objective: Grazing as one of ecological disturbances causes changes in soil characteristics of rangelands. This study was carried out to study the effect of Grazed pasture on plant cover, microbial deposits and some soil characteristics of Gonbad in Hamedan. Method: Five transects of 1000 meters were considered separately for soil characteristics in each region (grazed and ungrazed). Systematic sampling of soil was performed every 100 meters in May 2016. The elements of Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn and Zn were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer, acidity with pH meter, bulk density from clavicle method, total nitrogen from Kjeldahl method, organic carbon and soil organic matter by the oxidation method of Walkybak and Zeitous Carbon microbial was calculated by quenching-extraction method. Findings: After analyzing, it was determined that the concentrations of K and Zn in the soil of the sample area and the concentration of Mg in the soil of the control area increased significantly at 5% level. Soil acidity in the control area increased from 7/1 in the sample area to 7/23. Soil moisture content decreased significantly in the control area and from 27.11% in the sample area reached 18.12%. Soil bulk density in the control area was 1.16 g / cm3, which decreased significantly in the sample area and reached 0.98 g / g / cm3. The carbon microbial biomass was significantly differed in the soil of grazed and control areas. The comparison of the mean microbial carbon content in studied rangelands showed that this parameter ranged from 0.83 g / kg in the control area (grazed) to 0.95 g / kg and increased significantly. Discussion and Conclusions:  The exclosure area has been enclosed with exclosure, soil characteristics in the path of sequencing and achieving ideal conditions, but it still needs attention and continued conservation.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Survey of the effects of land cover changes on rangelands of Ghoorichay chatchment using remote sensing technique
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Dariush Naseri Elham Forootan leila gheirati

10.22034/jest.2018.17887.2664

Background and Objective: In the present time, land use changes are being conducted without clear and logical programming or regarding the environmental effects of the changes. Because land use changes occur in a large scale, remote sensing technique is a useful and val More

Background and Objective: In the present time, land use changes are being conducted without clear and logical programming or regarding the environmental effects of the changes. Because land use changes occur in a large scale, remote sensing technique is a useful and valuable tool for monitoring the changes. The aim of this research is investigation of the effects of land cover changes on rangelands of Ghoorichay chatchment located in the north of Ardabil province using remote sensing technique.Material and Methodology: In this investigation, TM images for year 1987, ETM images for year 2001 and OLI-TIRS images for year 2015 were collected and analyzed. After image pre-processing enhancements and corrections, the images were classified using maximum likelihood supervised classification method. Then, considering study area features, the images were classified into four land cover classes: dry land, range land, bare land and village. Moreover, NDVI index and slope layer were used to increase classification accuracy. At last, land cover changes and their effects on the range lands were detected. Overall accuracies and kappa coefficient were evaluated.Findings: According to the results, during the studied period, 5885 hectare (49.7%) of study area had changed. The most land cover changes were related to range land with intensive decrease of 2540 hectares (21.4%) which was changed into bare land and dry land.Discussion and Conclusion: Additional information such as slope layer and NDVI index in assistant with supervised classification of satellite images can increase the accuracy of image classification to provide land cover maps. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Using Landscape Metrics and Remote Sensing to Analyze Land Changes and Land Degradation (Case Study: Shirin Dare Watershed Basin-North Khorasan province-Iran)
Zahra Parvar Kamran Shayesteh Morteza Behzadfar

10.30495/jest.2023.74782.5895

Background and Objective: Land Use and Land Cover change is one of the most important factors affecting natural resources and at a worldwide scale. Analyzing and monitoring the Changes is a complex procedure. The analysis of landscape pattern as an important procedure h More

Background and Objective: Land Use and Land Cover change is one of the most important factors affecting natural resources and at a worldwide scale. Analyzing and monitoring the Changes is a complex procedure. The analysis of landscape pattern as an important procedure helps researchers to realize and quantify LULC changes of the earth surface. The ability to quantify to describe landscape structure is prerequisite to the study of landscape function and change. Landscape ecology has various quantitative indices to analyze and describe the landscape structure for this purpose. Landscape metrics represent the spatial pattern of the entire landscape mosaic e.g. the proportion of each landscape type, or the shape of the component landscape elements at a set point in time. Material and Methodology: This study applied supervised classification-maximum likelihood in IDRISI Selva to detect land cover/land use changes observed in Shirin dare watershed using satellite data obtained from Landsat for the years 1996, 2005 and 2015 respectively. The watershed was classified into six major land cover/use classes viz based on our purpose. Various class-level and landscape level-landscape pattern metrics were calculated using Fragstats 4.2 in order to analyze landscape structure. Metrics include NP, MPS, LPI, SIDI, SHDI, SHEI and SIEI were used in this study. These metrics can give us a lot of information about the structure and changes of landscape components. Findings: The overall classification accuracies in land use cartographies in 1996, 2005 and 2015 were 92.96%, 87.29% and 87/45%, respectively. Our results between 2005 and 2015 were clearly showed that increased number of patches and decreased mean patch area two important fragmentation indicators and the trend of landscape degradation and fragmentation was increasing. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the current patterns of dry farm land and barren land development in the studied landscape and in order to reduce the alarming rates of land degradation and become more efficient land use managers, it is necessary to know the causes of land changes. That means with the ongoing land degradation trend, a reasonable land use plan should be made with emphasis on protecting natural forests, grasslands and the water body. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Investigation of Environmental Impacts of Artificial Injection Aquifer Plan in Yazd Province (Case Study: Yazd - Ardekan Plain Sub Watershed)
Masoud Monavari Maryam Morovati AmirHesam Hassani Parvin Farshchi Zara Rosta

Iran is a semi-dried country. Although the volume of surface water is high, lack of appropriate control of water sources has resulted water shortage. The plain of Yazd- Ardekan is located in the Yazd province, with an area of 11393 km2 and has a high volume of water con More

Iran is a semi-dried country. Although the volume of surface water is high, lack of appropriate control of water sources has resulted water shortage. The plain of Yazd- Ardekan is located in the Yazd province, with an area of 11393 km2 and has a high volume of water consuming for agricultural, industrial mineral and drinkable exploitation. The region contains Yazd, Ardekan, Meybod, Taft, Sadugh and Mehriz, has the most population of the province. Regarding several negative and positive environmental impacts of performing the development plants, studying the evaluation of environmental impact the method of Monavari 2001 has been used for evaluating the impacts of artificial injection plans in the plain of Yazd-Ardekan. In this Method physical,  biological,  socioeconomic  and  cultural  environment values have been investigated. Expecting the impacts studied in two items of lack of performing the plan and performing the plan in the constructional and exploitation phases. According to the results, constructional phase and 117 positive impacts in operational phase, compared to the item of lack of performing the plan with 21 negative impacts in constructional phase and 74 positive impacts in operational phase showed that performing the plan in Yazd plain ofArdakan is possible by applying reformatory measures. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

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شهاب ورکوهی ابراهیم امیرسبحانی

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Open Access Article

62 - Evaluation of land cover changes in Kaftareh watershed using remote sensing technique
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Dariush Naseri

10.22034/jest.2017.11071

Background and Objective: Land cover change detection is an effective tool for managing natural resources and evaluating ecosystem changes. The aim of this research is monitoring land cover changes using remotely sensed images and GIS in Kaftareh watershed in Ardabil pr More

Background and Objective: Land cover change detection is an effective tool for managing natural resources and evaluating ecosystem changes. The aim of this research is monitoring land cover changes using remotely sensed images and GIS in Kaftareh watershed in Ardabil province. Method: In this investigation, Landsat 5 TM images for years 1987 and 1998 and Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS images for year 2014 were collected and analyzed. For this purpose, atmospheric and radiometric corrections, the images of every year was classified using maximum likelihood supervised classification method. Then, considering study area features, the images were classified into four land cover classes: dry land, range land, irrigated land, garden land and bare land. Moreover, NDVI index was used to differentiate between range land and bare land. Slope layer was used to distinguish between range land and dry land. Findings: According to the results, during the period 1987-2014, 68.91 percent of study area haven’t been changed. 1970.68 hectares of range land were destroyed and changed into bare land, dry land and garden land. Moreover, dry land, irrigated and garden land and bare land were increased 26% (1808.20 hectares), 6.97% (43.54 hectares) and 33.99% (100.78 hectares), respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Additional information such as slope layer and NDVI index in assistant with supervised classification of satellite images can increase the accuracy of image classification to provide land cover maps. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - 11
Borhan Riyazi Nasser Ghasemi Farhad Dabiri Elahe Pourkarimi

11

11 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Determining ecotourism potential in Cherat Watershed basin using SWOT model
atekeh yazdani Ghorban Vahabzadeh Kebria Jafar Oladi ghadikilaei Seyed Ramzan Mousavi

10.22034/jest.1970.14655

Background and Objective: Charat Watershed Basin is the one of fresh, high potential and beautiful mountainous ranges of Mazandaran province. Although it has various ecotourism, geotourism and environmental phenomena, there are no facilities and background for tourism p More

Background and Objective: Charat Watershed Basin is the one of fresh, high potential and beautiful mountainous ranges of Mazandaran province. Although it has various ecotourism, geotourism and environmental phenomena, there are no facilities and background for tourism plans. In this study, SWOT methodology has been applied to investigate the potential and limitation of effective geologic items over ecotourism and finally, the best strategic was present for developing the ecotourism development planning. Method: The present study was performed based on a descriptive-analytic methodology and the data collection was done through fieldwork and documentary investigations. Using the SWOT method, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the internal and external areas of the region were identified. Then, according to the matrix of data and analysis of the matrix elements, the most important internal and external factors affecting the cherat region were identified and prioritized. Finally, the strategies for applying appropriate and applicable management were presented for the study area. Findings: The findings indicate that the ecotourism power of Cherat village is important for the development of tourism industry. The advantages of tourism opportunities and internal strengths, such as exciting ecotourism attraction and diversity of natural and virgin landscapes in the region, indicate the extremely favorable conditions for nature tourism tours, various ecotourism activities and development of adventure tourism, sports, medical, scientific, summer and winter activities in the region. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that the study area has a high potential for the development of ecotourism and sustainable tourism. The results also show that tourism development requires identifying, introducing and promoting advertising, developing facilities and infrastructure, as well as investing on expanding tourism attraction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - Investigation of Cover/Land Use Structure of Sefidrod Watershed by Landscape Ecology Metrics
Vahed Kiyani Jahangir Feghhi

Introduction: Awareness of the types of land cover and human activities as a data base of planning isimportant, which for optimum use of natural resources in sustainable development way to aware ofecological resources in limited time and minimum cost needed. The aim of More

Introduction: Awareness of the types of land cover and human activities as a data base of planning isimportant, which for optimum use of natural resources in sustainable development way to aware ofecological resources in limited time and minimum cost needed. The aim of this study has beenInvestigation of Cover/Land Use Structure of Sefidrood Watershed by Landscape Ecology Metrics.Material and method: In this study cover/land use maps of watershed with the goal Sefidrood paperusing Arc GIS 9.2 software maps the desired category and eventually became relevant measures usingsoftware Fragstat 3.3 were extracted. Measures used in the grade level (the user) in this studymeasures grade level, percentage area, the number of spots, total margin, shape, Land, the largestspots, the average level of spot, average spot shape index and mean nearest neighbor distances wereEuclidean.Results: Index numbers to measure tear stains classes used in this study, the largest number of spotsand tear, ie the most agriculture-related classes (691) and the lowest dissociation related to the forestclass (30), respectively. The highest rating land to grassland class (39/56) had the spots are moredispersed than classes and the lowest to the forest class (10/78) and in the forest of stain lessdispersion of have. The highest mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance of the amount of disruptionpieces spots shows a class related to the agricultural class (6747/32 m) and the lowest value was to theforest class (908/32).Conclusion: User disruption in agriculture is the highest amount of fragmentation can therefore beconcluded their relationship with their collection has been discontinued and the notion that this isagricultural land have less integrity (fragmented more disruption) than other classes. The use ofrenewable resources should be a way that do not cause disturbs the balance of the environment, becusethe change in resources due to changes in ecological structure and function of Landscape is impressivein the area. However, applying principles of landscape ecology gives an initial assessment in thelandcape ecological scale that on the way for rapid assessment and scientific use and emphasizedservices of the nature, The prioritization each of the pathes is based on their quality. So suggestedutilization princpel of landscape ecology to provide structural information to design and landuseplanning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Floodwater Spreading Site Selection Using Decision Support System & GIS in Mashkid Area in Sistan & Baluchistan Province
Mirmasoud Kheyrkhah Zarkesh Mohammadreza Zarcheshm

  Introduction: Iran is located in one of the driest land regions of the world, where water is a limiting factor for lasting life, therefore using seasonal floodwaters is very important in arid and semi arid regions. On the other hand special attention has been pai More

  Introduction: Iran is located in one of the driest land regions of the world, where water is a limiting factor for lasting life, therefore using seasonal floodwaters is very important in arid and semi arid regions. On the other hand special attention has been paid to artificial groundwater recharge in these regions. Floodwater spreading on the permeable terrain is one of the flooding control way and utilization methods. Determination of appropriate site for water spreading is one of the most important stages of this project. Material and Methods: Parameters considered in the selection of groundwater artificial recharge locations are diverse and complex. These factors consist of earth sciences (geology, geomorphology and soils), hydrology (runoff, sediment yield, infiltration and groundwater conditions) and socio-economic aspects (irrigated agriculture, flood damage mitigation, environment, job creation and so on). Hence, decision making depends on criteria of diverse nature. The goal of this study is defining a Decision Support System for floodwater site selection in Mashkid area. Four main criteria were selected in this research are floodwater characters, infiltration, water application and flood damage. In order to determining the importance of factors, Analytical hierarchy Process and GIS was used. Conclusion: It will be expected that soil texture and floodwater volume of water application and floodwater main criteria are two important factors among other criteria (Hypothesis). After providing output maps which had been defined in several scenarios to determine the best locations for floodwater spreading and finally investigates sums suitability and averages suitability of each sub basin. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - Presenting a Model of Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in the Field of Knowledge-Based Businesses Active in the Field of Financial Technology
Mohammad Reza Babaei Fishani ali khozain babak ziya majid ashrafi

The present research is applied based on the purpose of the research and qualitative-quantitative in terms of data collection. The research topic is technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in knowledge-based businesses in Tehran and Qazvin Science and Technology Parks. More

The present research is applied based on the purpose of the research and qualitative-quantitative in terms of data collection. The research topic is technological entrepreneurship ecosystem in knowledge-based businesses in Tehran and Qazvin Science and Technology Parks. Targeted or judgmental-snowball sampling method was used to select a sample of 15 academic experts. The data collection tool in the field method is three methods: questionnaire, interview and observation. Semi-structured interview method has been used. Validity and reliability of the assessment tool were presented by 6 academic and practical experts in the field of technological entrepreneurship and their opinions were applied to it to correct the cases and after the amendments were approved. Organizing and analyzing qualitative data requires three activities: data summarization, data supply, and conclusion. For this purpose, after conducting interviews with members of the statistical community, qualitative data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis method and using Atlas T8 software. Quantitative data analysis showed that the path coefficient of the variables of financial technology (fintech) and technological entrepreneurship is 0.532 and the t-statistic is 7.205. Therefore, the proposed model has a good fit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Presentation a technology commercialization model in ICT Knowledge base companies
Mehri Yahiaei Ali Hasanzadeh

In this paper, effective factors, obstacles and various models of commercialization have been identified in ICT companies globally and Finally, has been proposed based on the PESTLE model, a native model for technology commercialization in domestic companies. The resul More

In this paper, effective factors, obstacles and various models of commercialization have been identified in ICT companies globally and Finally, has been proposed based on the PESTLE model, a native model for technology commercialization in domestic companies. The results of this study showed that all six factors of PESTLE model are effective on technology commercialization; the most important effective factor is economics and the least effective factor is legislation. Also, sequentially, the most important factors affecting the commercialization of technology are specific laws in the IT industry, technology transfer and licensing, technological maturity,access to raw materials and energy, interest rates, consumers' attitude to goods and services, government allocation, outsourcing Technology, Immigration, Ethical Issues, New Product Development, Prospects for Future Policies, Income Distribution, Internal Economic Situation, and Intellectual Property Rights.   Manuscript profile

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69 - Strategic Performance Analysis
Mohammad Jalili Mousa Ahmadi Elham Asgari

Ultimate goal of each commercial company is rising in wealth of shareholders. Proper function increase Company’s value and ultimately increase the shareholder’s wealth. Companies can’t achieve their goals without any proper strategy and making strategy More

Ultimate goal of each commercial company is rising in wealth of shareholders. Proper function increase Company’s value and ultimately increase the shareholder’s wealth. Companies can’t achieve their goals without any proper strategy and making strategy is a result of performance evaluation of different aspects. economic value added and cash management are two items of internal performance evaluation criteria and today’s  economic value added is considered as the best criteria for internal performance evaluation which is representative of shareholder’s wealth and it has close relation to market value added as an external index of value creation. Two dimensional matrix of financial strategy with a combination of cash management and economic value added considering to company’s position in each area, proposes four financial strategy objectives. In this research, position of food companies accepted in Iran Stock Exchange since 2001 to 2010 are defined in financial strategy matrix and considering to their positions in the matrix proper strategies are proposed for move to better position and ultimately relation between EVA, spread and difference between sales growth rate and sustainable growth rate with changes in MVA during ten years is investigated. Result of this research demonstrates that there is a meaningful relation between EVA and spread with changing MVA. But there is not meaningful relation between difference of sales growth rate and sustainable growth rate and changing MVA. Hence Food Companies accepted in Iran Stock Exchange must enlist other criteria for their own cash management and to evaluate their performance and taking proper financial strategies. Procedure of this research is linear regression analysis and spss software is used for hypotheses examination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - Designing a participation model based on its effective and influential components in the field of environment
zahra Tehraei Nasrabadi Saeed Motahari maryam farahani bita azadbakht

Background and Objective: social participation is one of the basic elements in the evolution towards adaptive forms of good governance and achieving effective and conscious participation in the field of environment is not an easy task, one of the main reasons of which m More

Background and Objective: social participation is one of the basic elements in the evolution towards adaptive forms of good governance and achieving effective and conscious participation in the field of environment is not an easy task, one of the main reasons of which may be the fact that its components in policies and the plans are not properly understood. The current research was done with the aim of presenting an interactive and process model and drawing the structural connections of attracting participation in the field of environment with an emphasis on the effective factors and its limitations. Material and Methodology: The current research is of an applied type, which was conducted with a mixed method, and the data collection tool is an interview and a questionnaire of experts. In this study, the structural-interpretive modeling method was used to structure and draw interactive relationships. Finally, by using MICMAC analysis, the indicators were analyzed according to effectiveness. Findings: According to the findings, there are 13 components of the conditions governing the society, social trust, sense of social belonging, social responsibility, individual personality factors, context and possibility of participation, motivation for participation, knowledge and awareness, social-cultural limitation, structural-legal limitation, economic limitation, executive limitation, social participation in environmental protection were identified and classified in six levels, in such a way that the conditions governing the society were placed in the sixth level and social participation in environmental protection was placed in the first level. Discussion and conclusion: Knowing the factors affecting participation and the causal relationships between them will help managers and decision makers to reduce environmental problems and challenges, create integrated policies, make strategic decisions, etc. with lower costs and more effectiveness. Manuscript profile

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71 - Economic valuation of ranges forage production using Hedonic pricing method – Case study: Zemkan basin of Kermanshah Province
Sohrab Moradi

Forage is the main product of ranges. Through determining the economic value of ranges forage, managers can be directed towards the optimal management of productivity. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of forage production in the ranges of Zemk More

Forage is the main product of ranges. Through determining the economic value of ranges forage, managers can be directed towards the optimal management of productivity. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of forage production in the ranges of Zemkan basin located in Kermanshah province. Calculating the value of forage production per square hectare is one of the employed methods used for this purpose. This method involves the awareness of the status of various range types and the producible rate in each range type. Using the interpretation of IRS-P6 satellite images, Liss III and Liss IV sensors, there were determined the area and kind of range types in Zemkan basin. Also, the average forage production per hectare was determined in each range type using experts' attitudes, official statistics, and the information of native individuals. Forage prices are estimated using the Hedonic pricing method as they are economically heterogeneous. The results showed that the economic rents and the expected values of each hectare of ranges are 870 and 13594 Rials per hectare in moderately dense ranges and 580 and 9063 Rials per hectare in low-dense ones. Therefore, it can be inferred that the related ranges can play a significant role in both local and regional economy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - Simulation and prediction some of climate variable by using multi line SDSM and Global Circulation Models (Case study: Bar Watershed Nayshabour)
Siavash Taei Semiromi Hamid Reza Moradi Morteza Khodagholi

One of the weaknesses of GCMs model are large spatial scale in  simulated of climatic variables that for hydrological studies and water resources in the range of watershed area are not sufficiently accurate. So should by using the different techniques that downscal More

One of the weaknesses of GCMs model are large spatial scale in  simulated of climatic variables that for hydrological studies and water resources in the range of watershed area are not sufficiently accurate. So should by using the different techniques that downscale. Then downscaled outputs are used for assessing the impact of climate change on hydrological studies. Among downscaling approaches, statistical methods are of great importance among hydrologists due to their easy and quick performance. In this study, statistical model (SDSM) was evaluated for simulating and predicting minimum and maximum temperature, precipitations in the bar Nayshabur watershed. For executing SDSM model outputs of CGCM1 and Hadcm3 models were applied. Daily data of minimum and maximum temperatures precipitations for the basic period (1970-2000) were simulated under three A1, A2 and B1 scenarios. Based on Statistical parameters, outputs of Hadcm3 model under A2 more compatible with the basic period. Obtained results showed that during 2010-2039, 2040-2069and 2070-2099, the average temperature 0.01, 0.3 and 0.6, the average minimum temperature 0.3, 0.5 and1. 4 and the average maximum temperature 0.7, 1.4 and 2.7 ° C will increase compared to the basic period in the studied basin. Also, the results showed that within three studied periods, the average rainfall will decrease 6, 10 and 17 mm respectivity comparing to the basic period. Manuscript profile

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73 - Using Fuzzy classification technique to produce land use map (The sub watershed of Hablehrood)
Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Elham Forootan

Land use, has been considered for mapping and resource management for a long time. Remote sensingtechniques are useful to produce land use map. In this study, Fuzzy technique; a remote sensingclassification method, was applied to produce land use map. The study area was More

Land use, has been considered for mapping and resource management for a long time. Remote sensingtechniques are useful to produce land use map. In this study, Fuzzy technique; a remote sensingclassification method, was applied to produce land use map. The study area was the sub watershed ofHablehrood watershed. In this investigation, ETM+ images acquired in 2002 were applied. The resultsshowed that dry farmlands and range lands with good and moderate condition, were separated by highaccuracy. The highest error of Fuzzy method is the determination of the boundaries between irrigatedfarmlands and poor range lands. Manuscript profile

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74 - Inventory of Landslide as an Environmental Hazard and Investigation of its Impact on Forest (Case Study: Chafrood District; Guilan Province)
Tooba Abedi seyeid ataollah Hosseini Ramin Naghdi

Windthrow in forest ecosystems is due to different microsites creation that can be effective on biodiversity of plant elements. Canopy gaps and pit – mounds (PMs) creation are the most common microsites.Current reseach was considered to investigate More

Windthrow in forest ecosystems is due to different microsites creation that can be effective on biodiversity of plant elements. Canopy gaps and pit – mounds (PMs) creation are the most common microsites.Current reseach was considered to investigate of the effect of these microsites on diversity, richness and evenness parameters. For this purpose, twenty hectare areas considered in the Tarbiat Modares University Experimental Forest Station that is located in Mazandaran province, northern Iran. Twenty onecanopy gaps with thirty four uprooted trees were found in these areas. Line transect method was used forsampling and plant abundances were also recorded in canopy gaps. Circles plots with radius of 4 meter in intersection of PMs and 20 - 30 meter distance far from PM position were designed for recording cover percent of herbaceous plants. The diversity parameters were significantly different in canopy gaps areas. Biodiversity indices amounts had ascending trend with increasing of canopy gaps areas. PMs were significantly effective on diversityparameters also. Diversity and evenness indices showed significantly increasing on PMs position.Richness was increased on PMs, but no significant statistically difference was considered. The obtained results are indicating windthrow is effective on plant community''s dynamics, which should be considered in forest management Manuscript profile

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75 - The semantic domains of Lail in the Qur'an
Maliheh Taheri Dolatabadi Abolghasem Asi Ahmad Zare Zardini Hamid Shamrizi

10.30495/qsf.2021.684499

Semantics is one of the new approaches in Quranology of the last century. This knowledge has been very effective in the growth and promotion of Quranology today and has been welcomed by Quran scholars. One of the branches of semantics is structural semantics, and among More

Semantics is one of the new approaches in Quranology of the last century. This knowledge has been very effective in the growth and promotion of Quranology today and has been welcomed by Quran scholars. One of the branches of semantics is structural semantics, and among them, one of its topics is determining the semantic domains of a word. In the following article, the semantic domain of Lail in the Holy Quran is explained. The research method is textual analysis based on the pattern of accompaniment and substitution of words with the word Lail. This study shows that the words that are related to this word in the process of companionship and succession can be examined as the semantic pairs and subsets of semantic relations day and night (inclusiveness of night and day, etc.); Phenomena accompanying the night (moon, stars and darkness); The sections of Lail (Shafaq, Maghrib, etc.), the functions of Lail (devotional, social, calendar, natural) and the semantic-conceptual types of Lail (complementary, intensifying, distributive and reciprocal) in the Qur'an were examined. Manuscript profile

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76 - ارائه مدلی برای ارتقای نقش دانشگاه‌ها در توسعه پایدار
سید حسن موسوی نادرقلی قورچیان پریوش جعفری

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77 - ارزیابی پایداری روستاهای حوزه‌ نفوذ شهرهای میانه اندام بااستفاده از روش AHP مطالعه موردی : شهر سقز
بختیار خسروی اسماعیل صفرعلی زاده هیمن طاعتی

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78 - عوامل موثر در تحقق پذیری حیات شبانه در برنامه ریزی توسعه پایدار شهری از منظر مخاطبان تهران و حوزه نفوذ
علیرضا صادقی بخش علیرضا استعلاجی رحیم سرور

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79 - نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در توسعه کالبدی سکونتگاههای روستایی مورد مطالعه سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان گرمسار
جواد عسگری علیرضا استعلاجی

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80 - بررسی خسارت اقتصادی واجتماعی سیلاب و روشﻫﺎی مدیریت آن (مطالعه موردی: حوزه نمرود)
فاطمه اسکندری نژاد اکتم مرتضی اف آرتوبلسکی موسی اف

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81 - بررسی تاثیر تغییر و تحولات سازمان سیاسی فضا بر رفتار انتخاباتی (مطالعه موردی: حوزه انتخابیه قم)
زهرا پیشگاهی‌فرد مرتضی فراهانی

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82 - تحلیل برهم کنش روستاشهری به منظور تعیین حوزه نفوذ ایلام
عظیم علی شائی احمدعلی خرم بخت عبدالرسول قنبری

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83 - بازنمایی تاثیر مذاکرات درکاهش منازعات وافزایش همگرایی کشورهای حوزه خزرمطالعه موردی ایران و جمهوری آذربایجان
دکتر عزت ا... عزتی شهلا حسنی

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84 - ارزیابی تأثیر ساختار شبکه ارتباطی حوزه شرقی طرح راهبردی شهر تهران بر تاب‌آوری شهری
فرزاد اناری ناصر اقبالی رضا مؤیدفر

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85 - Parameters of Seminary Sciences Balanced with Revolutionary Seminary (Hawzeh)
سید سجاد ایزدهی

Seminary is recognized as a forerunning and pioneering institution in Islamic education. Since early Islam, Seminaries have been formed for “education” and somehow leadership of Muslim community for better recognition of religion and its practice; this role, More

Seminary is recognized as a forerunning and pioneering institution in Islamic education. Since early Islam, Seminaries have been formed for “education” and somehow leadership of Muslim community for better recognition of religion and its practice; this role, as a matter of time, has been widely expanded particularly when the Islamic Revolution came into existence. Seminaries are included among the effective institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran; therefore, it is expected that it plays a civilization-making role. Considering the increased responsibilities of seminaries, after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, this institution must revolutionarily appear at the campaigning scene and in addition to learning role, it shall move towards teaching, ethics and knowledge-orientation and present strategies to achieve this aim. If it fails to do so, it will be disintegrated because man has experienced ideological and mental gap after humanism, which has provided seminaries with opportunities in this regard. This article mainly raises the question that “what qualifications should revolutionary seminary have to achieve the Islamic civilization and its leadership”? In response, it can be said that revolutionary seminary, as an important and rooted institution in Islam and Iran which has been origin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and considering the gap humanism faces can appear at the scene with triangle of knowledge, ethics and revolutionary action and present strategies for reaching modern Islamic civilization. This paper is being prepared based an analytic-descriptive methodology, library and documentary sources. Manuscript profile

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86 - Revolutionary Seminary and Leadership of Modern Islamic Civilization
علی شیرخانی

Seminary is recognized as a forerunning and pioneering institution in Islamic education. Since early Islam, Seminaries have been formed for “education” and somehow leadership of Muslim community for better recognition of religion and its practice; this role, More

Seminary is recognized as a forerunning and pioneering institution in Islamic education. Since early Islam, Seminaries have been formed for “education” and somehow leadership of Muslim community for better recognition of religion and its practice; this role, as a matter of time, has been widely expanded particularly when the Islamic Revolution came into existence. Seminaries are included among the effective institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran; therefore, it is expected that it plays a civilization-making role. Considering the increased responsibilities of seminaries, after the victory of the Islamic Revolution, this institution must revolutionarily appear at the campaigning scene and in addition to learning role, it shall move towards teaching, ethics and knowledge-orientation and present strategies to achieve this aim. If it fails to do so, it will be disintegrated because man has experienced ideological and mental gap after humanism, which has provided seminaries with opportunities in this regard. This article mainly raises the question that “what qualifications should revolutionary seminary have to achieve the Islamic civilization and its leadership”? In response, it can be said that revolutionary seminary, as an important and rooted institution in Islam and Iran which has been origin of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and considering the gap humanism faces can appear at the scene with triangle of knowledge, ethics and revolutionary action and present strategies for reaching modern Islamic civilization. This paper is being prepared based an analytic-descriptive methodology, library and documentary sources. Manuscript profile

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87 - Revolutionary Seminary (Hawzeh), Maintaining the Islamic Republic of Iran Regime
مسعود پورفرد

Undoubtedly, seminaries have stood by and are standing by the Islamic regimes as to their inherent features and main function; role of religious reference authorities, seminary scholars and clerics has been an avant-garde and forerunning role in the past century, partic More

Undoubtedly, seminaries have stood by and are standing by the Islamic regimes as to their inherent features and main function; role of religious reference authorities, seminary scholars and clerics has been an avant-garde and forerunning role in the past century, particularly in the Islamic Revolution. Following the idea of the supreme leader about seminaries being revolutionary, this paper seeks to explore the factors of maintaining revolutionary morale beside function of maintaining, supporting and constructively criticizing the Islamic regime of Iran. For the supreme leader, “relation of clergymen with the Islamic regime is that of support and advice”. Naturally, this requires functional and revolutionary discourse to stop the perilous campaigns leading to anti-revolution state of seminaries in a well-conceived and acceptable process and revolutionary morale that is transcendentally originated from political thought of Imam Khomeini and the supreme leader is elucidated. Because this paper deals with revolutionary seminary and the issue of maintaining regime, basic alternatives for monitoring and supporting the Islamic Republic of Iran regime have been taken into account in three components of culture, economics and politics by means of analytic-descriptive methodology; totally, six major features of the revolutionary seminary including updated Islamic culture, promulgation of interaction and discourse, anti-destitution morale, morale of solving public livelihood and economic problems, systemic creativity and thinking in politics and finally promotion of competitively political partnership have been discussed. Of course, in each point of discussion, firstly, characteristics of revolutionary seminary, secondly, supervisory role and aftermaths and positive-negative effect of such features have been referred to. Manuscript profile

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88 - Pathology of Revolutionary Seminary
محسن مهاجرنیا

Rationality of revolutionary seminary has come to existence from reliable link of seminary to the Islamic regime. The most important indicators of such rationality in its productive role updated and proportionate to demand of seminary ijtihad capacity and knowledge syst More

Rationality of revolutionary seminary has come to existence from reliable link of seminary to the Islamic regime. The most important indicators of such rationality in its productive role updated and proportionate to demand of seminary ijtihad capacity and knowledge system can be named as power of forward-looking in the framework of political philosophy system of Islam, ability of resolving external interventions and internal conflicts, religious freethinking and release from prejudice, petrification, induration, fundamentalism, reactionarism, management of solving crisis, passing through political-mental ruptures, consolidation of loyalties and reorganization of ideological and mental bindings. Such parameters have resulted in seminary to be reliable and dynamic in the field of political life. Challenges that cause seminary to stay far from religious freethinking, creation of prejudice and petrification, inefficiency and mental obstructions, lack of futurism and smeared political loyalty are included among the most important harms of revolutionary seminary political thought. Manuscript profile

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89 - Role of Revolutionary Seminary in Renewing National Identity
علی ملکی

It is necessary for all nations to achieve development to have renewal of national identity. In the history of Iran, there have been three sources including religious, modern and traditional-Iranian sources. Now, the questions raised are that “how has the Islamic More

It is necessary for all nations to achieve development to have renewal of national identity. In the history of Iran, there have been three sources including religious, modern and traditional-Iranian sources. Now, the questions raised are that “how has the Islamic Republic of Iran resolved challenges of multiple sources of identity in creating new national identity?” “How have seminaries played a role in forming post-Islamic Revolution national identity?” Lack of consensus in this respect has led to formation of identity crisis and as a result, appearance of barriers on the way to development. In this paper, it is hypothesized that national identity is current and changeable and discourse in open space for creation of national identity and acceptance of democratic manners of attracting elements joint or suitable in relation to other identities can solve the problem. Seminaries as bearers of revolution and the most important identity-giving revolutionary element can play a leading role in developing Islamic and national identity and keep people contented with national identity based on Iranian-Islamic modeling in such an environment. But in practice, this role is not played and it has caused society to deal with challenges. The research has applied analytic-descriptive methodology. Manuscript profile

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90 - Revolutionary Seminary and Human Sciences (Necessity and Actions for Change)
قاسم ترخان

Seminaries have been established with an aim to achieve philosophy of prophethood of the Prophets and to recognize, propagate and safeguard Islam and guidance of men and communities and finally, emergence of Islamic civilizations can regarded as their final goals. Since More

Seminaries have been established with an aim to achieve philosophy of prophethood of the Prophets and to recognize, propagate and safeguard Islam and guidance of men and communities and finally, emergence of Islamic civilizations can regarded as their final goals. Since it is not possible to access to the afore-mentioned goals through secular human sciences, production of Islamic human sciences is considered to be among the first grade duties of seminaries. The present article has subjected attainment of the desirable human sciences to three actions taken by seminary and seminary scholars while it pays attention to a need for change in human sciences. These three actions are: a). Pathology and criticism of the prevalent human sciences; b). Production of necessary theoretical texts about the ideas of the Islamic human sciences; c). Attribution of religious doctrines and teachings to human sciences components and elements. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - Role of Revolutionary Seminary in Modern Islamic Civilization with an Emphasis of Ideas of Hazrat Ayatollah Khamenei (May he Have Increasing Honor)
غلامرضا ضابط پور کاری

Modern Islamic civilization is in fact a macro-strategy that is situated within deep awakening and Islamic movements, particularly the Islamic Revolution and the Muslim world has the capacity and pure Islamic thought has the competence to keep this civilization with all More

Modern Islamic civilization is in fact a macro-strategy that is situated within deep awakening and Islamic movements, particularly the Islamic Revolution and the Muslim world has the capacity and pure Islamic thought has the competence to keep this civilization with all dimensions and angles established. The main question of this paper is that “what role does seminary play in forming and dynamic shaping of modern Islamic civilization?” the article hypothesizes that it up to seminary to engineer modern Islamic civilization, educate managers and agents involved. In other words, revolutionary seminary and perspective ahead is materialization of modern Islamic civilization which is not made possible without seminaries having a part to play. The most significant role of seminary in achievement of modern Islamic civilization obtained in this research are: 1. Efficient and conceptual elucidation of frameworks, goals and models monitoring modern Islamic civilization based on which its achievement demands an epistemological system which has Islamic learnings in focus; 2. Paving the ground for emergence of Imam of the Age (may Allah hasten his emergence); 3. Providing capacities and cherishing efficient forces in proportion to revolutionary mission are included among other requirements for materializing the modern Islamic civilization. Hence, establishment of modern Islamic civilization and as a result, transformation of the western material culture into Islamic civilization remain collateral to resolution of civilization, Islamization, society and Islamic state, which with no doubt will be bridged through seminaries and government provided they remain revolutionary. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - An analysis of simile and its significance in Shafi’ee Kadkani’s poetry
Hojatollah Bahmani Motlagh

Simile is the most significant and main basis of all imagery knacks in poetry. So its analysis can be useful for having a good knowledge of aesthetic aspects of the poem, understanding its meaning and knowing the poet’s attitudes, trends and style. In this paper, More

Simile is the most significant and main basis of all imagery knacks in poetry. So its analysis can be useful for having a good knowledge of aesthetic aspects of the poem, understanding its meaning and knowing the poet’s attitudes, trends and style. In this paper, Shafi’ee kadkani’s use of similes in his two collections of poems has been analyzed in an attempt to find some of his poetry’s style features, literary innovations, mental tendencies and artistic aspects. For this purpose, the simile has been classified in accordance with traditional rhetoric first, and then creative and cliché similes have been extracted and studied. After classification and analysis of vehicles in eight semantic fields, the two prominent characteristics of simile i.e. musical and naturalistic characters have been examined. The results of the study show that Shafi’ee Kadkani is very interested in Nature, and the essence of the music of the poetry, especially inner music, is very important for him, so that he tries to observe the musical aspects of the words in choosing the tenor and vehicle for most of the similes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - بررسی علل تغییر حوزه عمومی از مسجد به شبکه های اجتماعی- مورد مطالعه شهروندان شریف آباد پاکدشت
هوشنگ ظهیری

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Open Access Article

94 - بررسی علل تغییر حوزه عمومی ‌شهروندان از مسجد به شبکه‌های اجتماعی : مورد مطالعه شهروندان شریف آباد پاکدشت
حسین شیرازی هوشنگ ظهیری

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Open Access Article

95 - Modeling of overhead transmission line in Laplace area to simulate the phenomenon of recurrent discharge
Mohammad Hossein Ghasemi Peyman Naderi Mohammad Reza Alizadeh Pahlavani

The phenomenon of reverse discharge in high voltage overhead transmission lines occurs when a lightning wave hits the mast or protective wires. In this paper, in the stage of calculating the impact of lightning wave on overhead transmission lines, models and frequency i More

The phenomenon of reverse discharge in high voltage overhead transmission lines occurs when a lightning wave hits the mast or protective wires. In this paper, in the stage of calculating the impact of lightning wave on overhead transmission lines, models and frequency independent parameters for analysis in Laplace area are assigned to 115KV overhead transmission lines and then using MATLAB software to simulate the voltage difference. We will pay attention to the two ends of the chain of the headquarters of the desired lines to obtain the amount of overvoltage of the reverse discharge phenomenon. Finally, a comparison will be made between the results obtained in the Laplace domain and the results obtained in the frequency-dependent mode in ATPDraw software. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - Research of kalam in didactic literature
Fatemeh Aboohamzeh ahmad ahmadi

Didactic literature covers a wide range of literature. Many poets that had written Persian didactic poetry Have been familiar with the various sciences . thus have enriched the literature. Among this sciences  the arguments of kalam is Considerable . poets written More

Didactic literature covers a wide range of literature. Many poets that had written Persian didactic poetry Have been familiar with the various sciences . thus have enriched the literature. Among this sciences  the arguments of kalam is Considerable . poets written their poem influence of  theology region that believed them and discussed about them . This issue has received little attention  in literature . Therefore this easy identify the areas of theology and theological opinions, which have been discussed in the literature . Finally the impact on science, theology and philosophy developed in the literature are discussed.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Predicting Students' Domain Specific Hope within the Framework of their Attachment Styles
ahmad valikhani محسن سالاری سلاجقه فرهاد خرمایی

The purpose of current study was to predict specific domains of hope based on attachment styles. The research design was correlational. The population consisted of all newcomers to Bu-Ali University of Hamedan in 2011-12. From among them, 250 were selected by multistage More

The purpose of current study was to predict specific domains of hope based on attachment styles. The research design was correlational. The population consisted of all newcomers to Bu-Ali University of Hamedan in 2011-12. From among them, 250 were selected by multistage random sampling. Then, they attended the research instruments namely, Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Styles Questionnaire (1987) and Sympson Adult Domain-Specific Hope Scale (1999). The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results showed that secure attachment style positively and significantly predicted each of five specific domains of hope (i.e. social relationship, academic, family life, occupation, and leisure time); but avoidant attachment style did not have any significant relationship with them. Furthermore, ambivalent attachment style could just predict family life of domain specific hope negatively and significantly. These results show that hope increase in individuals should be considered by their attachment styles since it needs to be taken place within certain specific domains of hope in order to avoid any further problems and to facilitate the efficacy of hope-inducing properties. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - Semantic network of rejection and disconnection: providing persian words and examining their relation to early maladaptive schemas of disconnection and rejection domain
Maryam Hedayati Fariba Zarani Vahid Nejati Fereshteh mootabi mahmood Heydari

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1865843.1790

In order to research in field of implicit cognitive processes and cognitive biases in early maladaptive schemas, providing any related stimulus to schemas is necessary. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the Persian words related to schemas of disconnecti More

In order to research in field of implicit cognitive processes and cognitive biases in early maladaptive schemas, providing any related stimulus to schemas is necessary. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the Persian words related to schemas of disconnection and rejection domain as the verbal stimulus. 404words were selected through reviewing the Persian lexicon, Sadri Afshar by researcher based on their relation to common unmet emotional needs and emotional memories of people with schemas. 164 words were selected based on content validity by three schema therapists as activating words for schemas and their related schemas were determined. Abandonment, mistrust, emotional deprivation, defectiveness and social isolation were determined to 32, 50, 29, 32 and 6 words. Then the extensions to which they were linked to schemas were evaluated in the 4 score Likert scale by 30 psychologists who were trained in schema therapy. The repetition of the core content in each group of words indicates patients’ concerns and emotions and importance of emphasis on speech and inner speech. This verbal database can provide materials for cognitive paradigms in evaluating, treating and preventing activation of schemas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

99 - Change detection in the forest cover of Siyahmezgi watershed of Guilan using LandSat images
seyed Armin Hashemi Seyed Raza Fatemi Talab Hamide Kavousi Kalashmi Mortaza Madanipour Kermanshahi

In recent decades Caspian forest has been attacked by human intervention. Easy access, abundance and diversity of valuable forest products led to an increase in population density, development of new residential areas and activities of deforestation. Change detection is More

In recent decades Caspian forest has been attacked by human intervention. Easy access, abundance and diversity of valuable forest products led to an increase in population density, development of new residential areas and activities of deforestation. Change detection is essential in the assessment and management of natural resources. The aim of this study, was to monitor changes in forests of Siyahmezgi watershed in two time periods (2000 and 2015), using LandSat ETM+ (2000) and OLI (2015) images. Images were geometric corrected using 20 ground control points that are randomly taken from all over the watershed area, and topographic maps. After selection of the best indicators of using Bhattacharyya distance, image classification using an artificial neural network algorithm was performed. The results of classification of neural network method of Siyahmezgi watershed in two time periods (2000 and 2015) showed that overall accuracy is equal to 95.75% and 95.96%, respectively. The area of forest lands during 2000 and 2015 has been reduced in size 213.55 ha. In addition, in this area dense rangelands have declined, but during this period the extent of dry farming and semi-dense rangelands have 169.95 and 9.6 hectares were added, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

100 - Forecasting of forest land changes in the Chaloosrood watershed
Vajiheh Ghorbannia Kheybari Mir Mehrdad Mirsanjari Mohsen Armin

Deforestation affects watershed processes and biochemical cycles and lead to soil erosion and lack of water in the catchment areas. This study is aimed to investigate the changes in forest land in the Chaloorood watershed on the west of Mazandaran province using Geomod. More

Deforestation affects watershed processes and biochemical cycles and lead to soil erosion and lack of water in the catchment areas. This study is aimed to investigate the changes in forest land in the Chaloorood watershed on the west of Mazandaran province using Geomod. In this study, maps of forest in the years of 1987 and 2015 were prepared using satellite images. Then the suitability  forest map was produced by making a regression equation between suitability criteria maps and forest changes map in the period of 1987-2015. Finally, by using forest map in 1987, forest suitability map and the number of modified pixels in forest land between 1987 and 2015, Forecast of the forest map for 2043 was done using Geomod. Also, by using the Validate function and classified forest map 2015, as a reference map, and the forecasting forest map 2015,  as a comparative map, the validity of the production map was evaluated. The results showed that the area of forest land in 1987, 2015, and 2043 was 38683.65, 2464.354 and 15227.25 hectares, respectively. The extent of forest changes in the last 28 years and the next 28 years is 35.72% and 38.76% respectively. Forest changes in the period between 1987 and 2015 under the influence of factors such as distance from the road, forest cover density, distance from the village, slope and elevation above sea level, respectively. The Pseudo R2 and ROC coefficients are 0.29 and 0.85 respectively, which indicates the proper ability of the model to estimate forest changes over the past 28 years and the relative agreement of the model with the real changes. In this study the accuracy of resulting land use maps was 96%, which represent the appropriate capability of Geomod in land use changes modeling in Chaloosrood watershed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - Landslide susceptibility mapping using fuzzy-analytic network process
Elahe Akbari Ali Darvishi Boloorani Najmeh Neysani Samani

In recent decades, with the expansion of human activities on the natural environment, a variety of hazards, including landslides, have had serious human and financial damage. As a result, landslide susceptibility assessment and identifying the critical areas for watersh More

In recent decades, with the expansion of human activities on the natural environment, a variety of hazards, including landslides, have had serious human and financial damage. As a result, landslide susceptibility assessment and identifying the critical areas for watershed protection seems to be necessary. In this study, landslide susceptibility using combined fuzzy and Analytic Network Process (FANP) methods has been modelled on the Farub Roman basin. To achieve this goal, four clusters; topography, biological, hydro-climate and geological and criteria such as elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, distance from roads, land use, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), distance from rivers, drainage density, rainfall, soil moisture index, distance from faults and lithology have been considered. The results showed that the Fuzzy-analytic network process model is appropriate for landslide susceptibility modelling for as much as in model validation through the Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, the AUC, 0.83 has achieved with the standard error; 0.07, of the P-value equal to zero. For assessing the landslide susceptibility in the Farub Roman basin based on the results of the ROC curve, fuzzy ANP model evaluated very well. In addition, the results showed that, 66% of the known landslides have been found in areas with high and very high sensitivity. Due to the estimation of the high and very high sensitivity of landslides; 51% of the total area, the implementation of studying watershed protection seems to be necessary. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - Performance evaluation of Dempster-Shafer model for erosion potential mapping in Kakareza watershed, Lorestan province
Samira Ghorbaninejad Hossein Zeinivand Ali Haghizadeh Naser Tahmasebi

Identifying susceptible areas for erosion can be considered as one of the most important soil conservation measures. In this study, the capability of Dempster-Shafer (DS) model for mapping potential areas for erosion was investigated in Kakareza watershed in Lorestan pr More

Identifying susceptible areas for erosion can be considered as one of the most important soil conservation measures. In this study, the capability of Dempster-Shafer (DS) model for mapping potential areas for erosion was investigated in Kakareza watershed in Lorestan province. First thematic layers of influential factors in soil erosion, including altitude, slope, slope, aspect, plan curvature, lithology, land use, distance from the river, soil and topographic wetness index were prepared. In addition, 29 eroded positions in the study area that their positions were obtained from GPS and Google earth on 10 July 20016 were mapped and then were divided into a training (70%) and testing (30%) points. The layers of environmental variables were classified into different classes according to and then based on the density of eroded points in the study area and DS analysis, the weight of each class was determined and the potential map of vulnerable areas to erosion was obtained according to the DS model. The accuracy of a generated map was also investigated using testing points and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The result showed that the produced map has the success rate of 21%, that means the poor capability of the DS model for mapping susceptible areas of erosion. In addition, according to the DS map, areas with the highest potential to surface erosion are located in the central and eastern part of the study area. Therefore, it can be indicated that this model has a poor ability in identifying potential and vulnerable areas to surface erosion compared to other phenomena such as flood and gully erosion. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - Comparison of optic and radar data for terrain feature extraction
Mohammad Maleki Seyed Mohammad Tavakkoli Sabour Parviz Zeaieanfirouzabadi Majid Raeisi

The availability of suitable maps of terrain features is very important because these complications and the process governing them are the sources of many environmental hazards and resources. The purpose of this research, compare the optic and radar data for terrain fea More

The availability of suitable maps of terrain features is very important because these complications and the process governing them are the sources of many environmental hazards and resources. The purpose of this research, compare the optic and radar data for terrain feature extraction. A panchromatic band of Landsat 8 (OLI) as an optical image and two C-band Sentinel-1 satellite radar images with a resolution of 22×20 m per pixel were used. Two radar images (radar-1 and 2) in two different acquisition directions with different look angels were visually interpreted. In order to reduce the geometric and radiometric effects of the topography, the radar images were corrected using 3-second SRTM data (modified radar). In this study, four feature types were extracted by visual interpretation, which is: valleys, blades, alluvial fans, and debris fans and the results were compared with the World Imagery layer. The accuracy, completeness, quality, kappa, and z-test were calculated for every interpretation. The results showed that the highest accuracies in recognition of valleys and blades using Landsat image were 83.90% and 87.88%, respectively, and the highest accuracies of alluvial fan and the debris fan of the modified radar image were 82.76% and 83.72% respectively. The highest kappa coefficient related to the modified radar data was calculated at 54.72% (Landsat 49.74%) and the highest z-text related to Landsat-radar 1 was calculated 0.9871 (Modified Radar-Landsat 0.6443%). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - Investigation of meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought using drought indices (Case study: Gharehsou watershed)
Mahshid Karimi Kaka Shahedi

Drought as a natural hazard has always affected some parts of the country. Nowadays, it is possible to study drought using remote sensing techniques through its effects on the plants and achieve more accurate and efficient results for drought modelling. This study aims More

Drought as a natural hazard has always affected some parts of the country. Nowadays, it is possible to study drought using remote sensing techniques through its effects on the plants and achieve more accurate and efficient results for drought modelling. This study aims to investigate the relationship between meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought using drought indices and remote sensing method in Gharehsou watershed. For this purpose, MODIS images (satellite Terra, product MODO9Q1) and rainfall and discharge data of five meteorological and hydrometric stations for 2000 to 2015 time period were used. The results of the comparison of meteorological, hydrological and agricultural drought represent conformity of the three types of drought in the years 2000, 2001, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. Although the SPI and NDVI values were positive in the years 2002, 2003 and 2008, SDI index showed the occurrence of hydrological drought (negative values). In the year 2006 despite the rainfall increase, but this year has been facing the agricultural and hydrological drought. So the results simultaneity of drought there does not exist in all the years. The results of Pearson correlation showed there is a high correlation between mean NDVI and SPI and SDI indices equal to 0.706 and 0.788 respectively at the significance level of 0.01. Generally, the results of SDI and SPI indices largely confirm the results of the NDVI index. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

105 - Assessment spatial accuracy of restoration programs in the range management plan for the Maikhoran watershed in Kermansha
Zeinab Jafarian Samira Parvini Ataollah Kavian

Due to the costs of natural resources projects, detailed studies are necessary, because the lack of positive response of plans will follow the loss of human capital and funds and lack of trust in anchors plan and natural resources departments of residents’ watersh More

Due to the costs of natural resources projects, detailed studies are necessary, because the lack of positive response of plans will follow the loss of human capital and funds and lack of trust in anchors plan and natural resources departments of residents’ watersheds. The purpose of this research was locating corrective operations and recovery using Geographic Information System and Boolean method and comparing the results with the implemented projects in the watershed Maikhoran in 2006. Locating the corrective operations were done based on a map of rainfall, slope, soil and rangeland condition and then with incorporating the maps of the forecast operations for all applicable operations were introduced suitable places map. This map was included seed planting 4.761, Field strip cropping 6.973, heap planting 15.154, pitting 0.127, rippering 0.455, seed spraying 10.046 and transformation of low- yielding farms to pastures   17.977 square kilometres and exclosure throughout the entire basin. The implemented design in the spring of 1385 had a heap planting in 3.004, selling in 7.675, management, grazing in 51.717, protection of sensitive lands and transformation of low- yielding farms to pasture in 15.271 and 2.067 square kilometres of rangelands. Then, by matching the two maps obtained the kappa coefficient 0.27 that represents low matching between two maps. This result represents disproportion between located operations with implementing operations, according to the current situation in the region too. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

106 - Optimum ecotourism site selection in Kojur basin of Mazandaran province using ordered weighted average (OWA) and Geographic information system (GIS)
Amir Saadatfar Hassan Faramarzi

In order to create sustainable development in the tourism industry, the proper understanding of environmental potentials and its sensitivity to human activities is very important. This study has identified and prioritized the potential of ecotourism sites in the Kojur b More

In order to create sustainable development in the tourism industry, the proper understanding of environmental potentials and its sensitivity to human activities is very important. This study has identified and prioritized the potential of ecotourism sites in the Kojur basin of Mazandaran province. Physiographies criteria, including slope, direction, and elevation, as well as criteria of distance from road, river, village, sliding locations and canopy percent, were selected as the appropriate index. The criteria were evaluated and fuzzy by the experts and Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Subsequently, using the Ordered weighted average (OWA) scenarios, the appropriate ecotourism site was selected. To reduce risk and increase managerial power, Boolean logic was used. The results showed that the landslide and the roads had a maximum value of 0.315 and 0.238, respectively. The output maps of the OWA scenarios have shown that the northeastern range of the cougar basin is the most optimal location for the establishment of the ecotourism site, and the northern region was ranked next. In the scenario of the low-risk level and non-compensated, and low-risk level and low compensation scenario, 83 hectares of land were recognized for the appropriate ecotourism site. While, average risk and complete compensation, high risk and low compensation, average risk and non-compensation and high risk and no compensation, were 3179, 1255, 1909, and 2577 hectares respectively for ecotourism sites. The Boolean logic output showed that about 47 hectares of northeastern lands of Kojour basin are an appropriate ecotourism site. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

107 - Predicting locational trend of land use changes using CA-Markov model (Case study: Safarod Ramsar watershed)
Nahid Salehi Mohammad Reza Ekhtesasi Ali Talebi

Predicting land use changes using satellite imagery is now a useful tool for helping planners in complex situations. The purpose of this study was to detect and predict land use changes during the 28-year period (1986-2014) by CA- Markov model in the Safarood-Ramsar wat More

Predicting land use changes using satellite imagery is now a useful tool for helping planners in complex situations. The purpose of this study was to detect and predict land use changes during the 28-year period (1986-2014) by CA- Markov model in the Safarood-Ramsar watershed of Mazandaran province. In this research, land use and NDVI maps were prepared using Landsat TM (1986), ETM+ (2000) and OLI (2014) satellite images. The accuracy of the CA-Markov model was estimated using the Kappa index of 87%. In order to calibrate the CA-Markov model, the land use map was prepared in 2014, and the Kappa coefficient of the mapping from modeling and user base map (2014) was 82%. The results showed that during the period between 1986 and 2014, the area of forest lands decreased by 10.26% and the total area of residential areas increased by 3.27%. The land use map for the years 2021 and 2028 was predicted by the CA-Markov model. The results showed that during the period 2014-2028, forested lands and rangelands decreased by 4.92% and 1.7%, respectively. Residential areas will increase by 8.04% and the agricultural land will change slightly, indicating the changes in land use to residential land. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - Monitoring of vegetation changes in Karaj watershed using NDVI index and gradient analysis
Fatemeh Mohammadyari Mir mehrdad Mirsanjari Ardavan Zarandian

In the present study, vegetation changes in the Karaj watershed in 2006, 2011 and 2017 were investigated using the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the integration of land metrics and gradient analysis. After calculating the NDVI index, Then, two-section g More

In the present study, vegetation changes in the Karaj watershed in 2006, 2011 and 2017 were investigated using the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the integration of land metrics and gradient analysis. After calculating the NDVI index, Then, two-section gradient analysis was designed in the direction of north-south and east-west. Then 6 metrics were calculated at two levels of class and landform using moving window design. The results of the comparison of the floor area showed that the highest increase in the area was done in lands with very good vegetation so that 5104 hectares (4%) have been enlarged. It is also the largest reduction in the area of excellent vegetation cover, which decreased by 4055 hectares (3%) during the studied period. The results of gradient analysis showed that the distribution pattern of vegetation in a three-year period is a cluster. The results of the analysis of both transects at the level of the land and the classes show that the average of mean distance from the nearest neighbor gradually increases during transects and the increase in total in 2017 compared to the initial year. This indicates an increase in the distance between the vertices of the same patch and the difficulty of communication between them, which is one of the signs of the disruption of the landscape. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - Landslide hazard zoning using frequency ratio, entropy methods and TOPSIS decision-making methods (Case study: Fahliyan basin, Fars)
SEYED VAHID RAZAVI TERMEH Kourosh Shirani

Distinguishing the susceptible areas to landslide using appropriate experimental models of landslide susceptibility mapping is one of the primitive and basic works to reduce probable damages and reduce risk in country's watersheds. In this research, thirteen factors, in More

Distinguishing the susceptible areas to landslide using appropriate experimental models of landslide susceptibility mapping is one of the primitive and basic works to reduce probable damages and reduce risk in country's watersheds. In this research, thirteen factors, including altitude, slope, aspect, rainfall, plan curvature, profile curvature, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), Stream power index (SPI), distance from the river, distance from road, distance from the fault, lithology, and land use are identified as effective parameters in landslide occurrence in the studied area. The landslide landslide distribution map was prepared using Landsat 2017 satellite imagery and Field studies (2017). Then, the landslide susceptibility mapping was performed with three methods, including frequency ratio, entropy and TOPSIS. The results were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The area under the curve (AUC) of applied models shows the accuracy of 84, 87.7, and 91 percent for entropy frequency ratio and TOPSIS models, respectively. The results are indicative statistical models have a better accuracy in comparison with MCDM models and expert approaches. The results of the present study could be useful for better managing the flood affected areas and to reduce its damage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

110 - Downscaling TRMM satellite-based precipitation data using non-stationary relationships between precipitation and land surface characteristics
Bahareh Zanjani Hesam Seyed Kaboli Mohsen Rashidian

Satellite-based precipitation dataset has been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these datasets has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. So, ha More

Satellite-based precipitation dataset has been widely used to estimate precipitation, especially over regions with sparse rain gauge networks. However, the low spatial resolution of these datasets has limited their application in localized regions and watersheds. So, having an accurate estimation of precipitation by satellites along with the adequate spatial scale in hydrologic studies is the main goal of this study. In this research, Geographically weighted regression (GWR) method was investigated to downscale the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM-3B42 Version 7) over the DEZ river basin in the southwest of IRAN for 2010-2011. Downscaling was performed based on the non-stationary relationships between the TRMM precipitation and the Digital elevation model (DEM) derived products, the Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and the Land surface temperature (LST). The result shows that the downscale precipitation at 1 km spatial scale had significantly improved spatial resolution, and agreed well with data from the rain gauge stations. For the 16-day precipitation, Mean square root means square error (RMSE) and absolute mean error (MAE) values are 22.7 mm and 7.45 mm, respectively. However, the accuracy of the model varies in a different location and depends on the vegetation condition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

111 - Geospatial modeling of land subsidence in the south of the Minab watershed using remote sensing and GIS
Abdolkhalegh Arvin Ghorban Vahabzadeh Seyed Ramazan Mousavi Masoud Bakhtyari Kia

Minab plain in Hormozgan province has experienced population growth with agricultural development in recent decades. Low rainfall in recent years, successive droughts, and limited surface water resources, irregular irrigation practices in the agricultural sector in the More

Minab plain in Hormozgan province has experienced population growth with agricultural development in recent decades. Low rainfall in recent years, successive droughts, and limited surface water resources, irregular irrigation practices in the agricultural sector in the study area, along with inappropriate cultivation patterns, have caused the extraction of water wells in the region. The extraction of these wells and groundwater resources has led to an imbalance in the aquifer in the area and a decline in groundwater levels. The consequences of this trend have caused the creation and expansion of subsidence in the region. This research, by investigating radar, satellite images and using differential radial interferometry, has been used to detect and determine the amount of subsidence in order to investigate the extent of this phenomenon in the study area. In this study, data from the Sentinel-1 refer to the dates 2014 and 2018 were used. The results showed it had 13-centimeter subsidence in the study period. After verifying the results by control points (in September 2018), in order to find the relationship of subsidence with changes in groundwater level, elevation, and slope, a spatial analysis was performed and the correlation of each of these factors with subsidence event density was calculated. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and Moran's index showed that climatic event due to water level changes in the study area was 0.925. The values of 1.89 and 0.06 for standard normal distribution (z) and the p_value respectively, confirm a strong autocorrelation between the studied factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

112 - Change detection of land use /land cover using object oriented classification of satellite images (Case study: Ghare Sou basin, Ardabil province)
Behrooz Khodabandehlou Hassan Khavarian Nehzak Ardavan Ghorbani

The accuracy of land use changes map obtained from remote sensing data depends on the accuracy of each of the land use maps during the time period studied. In this study, TM and OLI images in 1989 and 2018 and an object-oriented classification method were used to invest More

The accuracy of land use changes map obtained from remote sensing data depends on the accuracy of each of the land use maps during the time period studied. In this study, TM and OLI images in 1989 and 2018 and an object-oriented classification method were used to investigate the land use/ land cover change trends with an emphasis on agricultural land use in the Ghare Sou basin. After the pre-processing, the object-oriented processing using the multiresolution segmentation method was applied. In addition to the spectral bands, some additional information such as a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), band means, the standard deviation of bands and geometry characteristics were used to extract land use in order to obtain more accurate results. Of these non-spectral data used, 15 characteristics were selected by Feature space optimization (FSO) method to be used in the nearest neighborhood algorithm. The kappa coefficient of the land use maps for 1989 and 2018 was 85% and 96%, respectively, indicating the reliability of the object-oriented classification results. In the next step, the map of the changes was produced comparing the classified maps. According to the results of the change detection, the agricultural land use during the studied period has an increase of 73849 hectares, mainly due to the destruction of rangelands and its conversion to the agricultural land. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

113 - Utility of METRIC model for estimating actual monthly evapotranspiration of Vanak Basin using MODIS sensor images
Maryam Rezaei Hoda Ghasemieh Khodayar Abdollahi

10.30495/girs.2020.674948

Background and ObjectiveNowadays, in order to logical use of water for agricultural products, an accurate understanding of the evapotranspiration process is needed. Evapotranspiration is one of the most significant components of water balance hence it is a key variable More

Background and ObjectiveNowadays, in order to logical use of water for agricultural products, an accurate understanding of the evapotranspiration process is needed. Evapotranspiration is one of the most significant components of water balance hence it is a key variable for the optimal management of water resources. In this paper, we aim to the analysis of the spatial and temporal and distribution of actual evapotranspiration (AET) at monthly time scale using the METRIC approach, driven by MODIS satellite observations over the Vanak Basin and check the accuracy of the METRIC results with (SEBAL, Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land). Materials and Methods There are many methods for correct estimation of point evapotranspiration, such as weighing lysimeters, the Bowen ratio, and the eddy correlation methods. The weakness of the mentioned methods is that these techniques only provide evapotranspiration for a specific site and they can't estimate regional evaporation. The METRIC model was developed by Allen et al., (2007) based on the well-known SEBAL model (Bastiaanssen, 1998). METRIC model is a remote sensing-based method that estimates actual evapotranspiration as a residual of the surface energy balance. Herein, the spatial and temporal distribution of actual evapotranspiration of the Vanak Basin from April to November 2013–2014 was estimated using the METRIC model and using MODIS satellite data, the feasibility of using METRIC was investigated. Vanak Basin is located in the southeastern part of the Northern Karoon Basin. It is geographically placed between Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and Isfahan provinces. 60 MODIS products of Leaf Area Index (MOD15A2), land surface temperature LST (MOD11A2) and surface reflectance (MOD09A1) in 8-day time step were extracted. The mentioned images were downloaded from the USGS website and the images were re-projected from the Sinusoidal projection to UTM projection. The scale factor for LAI, LST and Surface Reflectance were 0.1,0,02 and 0.0001, respectively. Estimation of ET with the METRIC model begins with energy balance. Data sets such as MODIS observations and weather data from the stations in and near the Vanak Basin are used to calculate instantaneous surface energy fluxes including net radiation flux (Rn), soil heat flux (G) and sensible heat flux (H) in the processing technique. ET at the instant of the satellite image is computed for each pixel by dividing LE values by latent heat of vaporization and density of water. Results and Discussion Throughout this research, the upper limit of the variation of AET showed a gradual increase from April to July in both 2013 and 2014. According to the results, the maximum amount of actual evapotranspiration in 2013 and 2014 for the July month was obtained 244 and 263 mm per month respectively. In general, the results of this paper will help us better understand the variations of regional AET. Comparison of the spatial distributions of AET, LAI and LST in the study area showed that the spatial distribution of AET was affected by two factors, LAI and LST, that Pearson correlation test was used to assess the relationship between two variables LAI and LST with actual evapotranspiration. Based on the results, the regions which had dense vegetation and low land surface temperatures had high AET rates, while in the regions with sparse vegetation and high land surface temperatures, the AET rate was low. The results showed that the trend of changes in the mean monthly temperature is in line with the monthly actual evapotranspiration; the same trend was observed in the case of albedo and net radiation flux. It should be noted that the absence of ground measurements for comparing them to the modelled AET amounts was a potential limitation of the current study.  However, our approach of evaluating AET estimates derived from the METRIC model with the AET estimates derived from SEBAL model is a widely used (as standard approach) approach to tackle such limitations. In the second step of the analysis, this paper compares the estimated monthly AET using the equations of the METRIC versus the SEBAL, for the Vanak Basin in 2014. The outcome of the SEBAL model was used as a reference to compare the results obtained from the METRIC model. The statistical analysis was performed to determine the differences between monthly AET derived from METRIC vs. monthly AET derived from SEBAL. The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE), Coefficient of Determination (R2) and Mean absolute error (MAE) are used, that the results showed high R2 values and NS coefficients and low MAE values indicate that METRIC is closely related to SEBAL Model in the most of the months. The monthly AET values estimated by the METRIC model versus the monthly AET values estimated from the SEBAL model were evaluated and compared for the Vanak Basin from April to November 2014. Based on the overall results the scatter of estimations is in an acceptable range. In 2014, there was good agreement between METRIC and SEBAL models (R2=0.96–0.99, NSE = 0.93–0.99 and MAE = 1.3–7.53 mm month−1). In 2014, other results indicated that in both models, the upper limit of the variation of AET showed a gradual increase from April to July. Conclusion According to the results, the regions with high leaf area index (LAI) and low land surface temperature have more evapotranspiration than other regions with low leaf area index and high land surface temperature. The trend of the time series of LAI index and evapotranspiration in this study was consistent with the trend of changes in the parameters mentioned in the study, which was described by Reyes-González et al (2019) that use of the METRIC model in Dacota. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

114 - Monitoring and predicting the trend of changing rangelands using Satelite images and CA-Markov model (Case study: Noor-rood basin, Mazandaran proince)
Nematollah Koohestani Shafagh Rastgar Ghodratollah Heidari Shaban Shatai Joybari Hamid Amirnejad

10.30495/girs.2020.674923

Predicting the trend of land use/land cover chenges in natural range ecosystem via remote sensing techniques and evaluating their potentials by modeling, plays an important role in decision making. The goal of this research is monitoring and predicting land use/land cov More

Predicting the trend of land use/land cover chenges in natural range ecosystem via remote sensing techniques and evaluating their potentials by modeling, plays an important role in decision making. The goal of this research is monitoring and predicting land use/land cover changes in Nour-rood basin by CA-Markov in a 60 year periods (1988-2048). Landsat TM (1988, 1998, 2008) and OLI (2018) imagery of similar months (in July) were classified by maximum likelihood method algorithm. Terrestrial reality derived from topographic at scale 1:25000 and aerial photos available in the (GDNR) and (WMM) during 1988-2008 and field visits (2018) were evaluated for accuracy. The accuracy of the production maps calculated with Kappa coefficient. So that the highest and lowest ratio were related to the images of 1998 and 1988, respectively with the values of 0.86 and 0.81. The results were compared with field ground truth to determine the accuracy of results. Random matric used to convert land use classes and the map of land cover of Nour-rud basin predicted, in (2018-2028). The results showed that in (1988-2018), forests and rangelands with excellent and fair cover conditions had decreasing and ranges with good condition, rocks and residential areas had increasing trend. Total area of rangelands decreased from 116206 hectares in 1988 to 106336 hectares in 2018. Moreover, the results of Markov model with more than 85% precision showed the same trend of land use changes from 2018-2048. Excellent rangeland cover conditions, showed decreasing trend, rocky and residential areas will also have an increasing trend until 2048. Markov's prediction model also shows an accuracy of more than 85%. The trend of land use changes during 2018-2048 will be the same as in previous. In whitch case, excellent range condition will have decreasing trend; rocky and residential areas will have an increasing trend until 2048. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

115 - Identification of karst areas using Remote sensing and GIS method and its expansion in Zalem-Rud sub-basin of Sari in Mazandaran, Iran
Mohammad Ali Gholi Nataj Malekshah Davood Jahani Seyed Ramzan Mousavi Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand Seyed Hamid Vaziri

10.30495/girs.2022.684338

Background and Objective Karst is a composite image of all the roughness, shapes, pores, and phenomena caused by water corrosion, above and below the surface, in various soluble geological formations, which cover about 15% of the world's exposed rocks. Despite the impor More

Background and Objective Karst is a composite image of all the roughness, shapes, pores, and phenomena caused by water corrosion, above and below the surface, in various soluble geological formations, which cover about 15% of the world's exposed rocks. Despite the importance of karst areas in the past, today, the study, identification, spatial analysis and management of these areas are of very interest to geologists, hydrologists, hydrogeologists, eco-tourists, geotourists and environmentalists at various scales. Karst phenomenon also has a special place in various dimensions from the point of view of geology and geomorphology, because the causes and methods of dissolution processes and forms and their extension in rocks and minerals are of great importance to East Mazandaran, especially in the study area, is geologically one of the areas with karst process potential and has been less studied due to environmental conditions, especially vegetation and access roads. This study is focused on identifying karst areas and their extent using RS and GIS method in the Zalem-Rud Sari basin in Mazandaran province in northern Iran. In order to identify karst areas and physicochemical characteristics of existing aquifers, it was first necessary to identify karst areas and then assess their physicochemical status. In the first step, using Landsat, ASTER and SRTM satellite data, geological maps, weather information and field visits, factors affecting karstification such as rock types, Fracture lineaments, vegetation, climate, condition of the drainages and the slope of the topography are extracted. It should be noted that in this step, to obtain a better result, fuzzy logic and Hierarchical Analysis Process have been used. In the second step, in order to investigate the physicochemical condition of the aquifer, the chemical parameters of some springs are analyzed and the dissolution parameters, saturation indices, the origin of water-soluble components and the general flow system in the existing aquifers are determined.Materials and Methods In this study, the composition and distribution of rock, based on field visits and georeferenced geological maps of one hundred thousandths of Behshahr and Sari, have been done. Three methods of manual, automatic and semi-automatic have been used to extract the lineaments due to fractures. In the manual method, the lineaments are highlighted and extracted by applying High Pass filters, PCA and the color combination of Landsat 8 satellite data. In the automatic method, the Segment Tracing Algorithm (STA) in PCI software is used. In the STA algorithm, linear pixels are identified based on the degree of gray difference and then converted to vectors based on RADI, GTHR, LTHR, FTHR, ATHR and DTHR parameters. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to detect and extract vegetation status on OLI sensor data from the Landsat 8 satellite. To generate DEM, photogrammetric techniques were performed on a pair of stereo images of ASTER sensor in Idrisi software based on parametric variables of external and external orientations and ground control points (GCPs). The topographic slope of the area has been calculated by DEM and based on the degree in GIS and its map has been prepared. Based on the weather data of the General Meteorological Department of Mazandaran Province, the weather condition is determined by the isothermal, isohyetal and isoevaporation curves and the type of weather is determined by the De Marton method.Results and Discussion The result of the above activities has been the production of lithological maps, density and distance from fracture lineaments, density and distance from drainages, topographic slope, rainfall and vegetation. Due to the different criteria used in the generated maps and the need for a single, comparable and proportionate criteria for combining information layers, fuzzy logic has been used. In this case, all layers, except lithology, which has a definite boundary and is a function of Boolean logic, are fuzzy and then extracted as fuzzy layers in GIS. On the other hand, because the weight and effectiveness of the eight factors affecting the occurrence of the karst phenomenon are not the same, the Hierarchical Analysis (AHP) method has been used to determine the preference and prioritization of these factors. And the participation rate, in other words, the weight of each criterion with an incompatibility coefficient of less than one percent has been calculated in Expert Choice 12 software. Finally, by the weighted linear combination (WLC) method, fuzzy raster layers based on their effective weight are combined with Compromise Operator or Gamma and the karst distribution map is extracted with different probability coefficients in the study area. In the next step, in order to investigate the physicochemical status of the aquifers and evaluate the karst phenomenon, 18 springs with equal flow and more than three litres per second were selected and evaluated using SPPS, RockWorks2016 and PHREEQC2.6 software. In addition to extracting hydrogeochemical tables and graphs, the saturation index of various minerals has also been calculated.Conclusion The results of this study show that the karst phenomenon has the most spread in the central part and the lineaments resulting from fractures have played the most role in the formation of this phenomenon. The water type of these springs is calcium-magnesium bicarbonate and according to the Gibbs diagram, the role of aquifer rocks in determining the chemical composition of water is very clear. Also, the saturation indices of minerals and the type of flow in groundwater reservoirs are diffuse and diffuse-duct flows. To this research, the use of new remote sensing technology and GIS increases accuracy and speed and reduces costs in karst studies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - Spatial assessment of watershed management projects biological and masonry check dams using spatial multicriteria evaluation (SMCE) in Ghorchay Ramian watershed
Ali Akbar Jamali Mohammad Hasanzadeh Angizeh Asadi Saravi

Unsuitable positioning in national and regional development plans and projects in Iran results in irreversible spending of budget and time mainly. The aim of this study is to decline the costs and loss of opportunities, using a model that can effectively reduce the erro More

Unsuitable positioning in national and regional development plans and projects in Iran results in irreversible spending of budget and time mainly. The aim of this study is to decline the costs and loss of opportunities, using a model that can effectively reduce the error of expert. This study was performed in the Ghourchay Ramian basin. Firstly, distinct scenarios and conceptual and tree model were created for biological and mechanical measures (masonry corrective dams). Then the constraints and vector maps entered into the SMCE in ILWIS®3.7. Constraints (slope, land use, soil and streams) with Boolean method and factors (slope, height, soil, soil erosion, land use and proximity to road, village, fault, rock sources and landslide) with Fuzzy method (benefit, cost and compound methods) have been standardized. Then weighting of factors performed using the results of questionnaires and expert opinions with procedures as ranking, pairwise comparisons and direct method. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire, was controlled. Results showed that four ranking, which was specified in priority map, in biological plans, places with first priority allocated 0.73 to 0.97 scores and over 3 km of waterways and in dam and concrete plans, 0.65 to 0.86 and an area of 2470 hectares, respectively. The model type is logical and uses logical and optimization principles not experimental principles. So there was no try to test it with the previous schemes were implemented. Projects that many errors because lack of the possibility of combining several criteria and GIS advanced techniques. Finally, it was suggested that due to the high performance of this model for evaluating watershed management projects and prediction of projects for implementation, this model will be used in the same watersheds in the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

117 - Evaluation of rainfall on a daily, monthly and annual basis using satellite imagery (Case study: west boundary basin of Iran)
Ghazaleh Madadi Saeid Hamzeh Ali Akbar Noroozi

Precipitation variable is the key parameter of agricultural and hydrometeorology studies. Therefore, measurement and estimation of rainfall at the regional level  help to understand the manner of water and energy cycles.  In spite of the high variability of te More

Precipitation variable is the key parameter of agricultural and hydrometeorology studies. Therefore, measurement and estimation of rainfall at the regional level  help to understand the manner of water and energy cycles.  In spite of the high variability of temporal and spatial precipitation quantity, precipitation monitoring using ground stations at regional scales is considerably difficult. The use of satellite images with high spatial resolution is therefore recommended. However, it is first necessary to evaluate temporal and spatial accuracy of data. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data for estimating daily, monthly, and annual rainfall on a regular spatial scale (0.25° ×0.25°) during 2000-2012, and to compare these estimated data with precipitation data at 30 stations (synoptic and climatological) in the west boundary basin of Iran. The Pearson correlation coefficient was  calculated daily, monthly, and annually for the mentioned rainfall period changes. The results indicated a significant correlation (p<0.05) among the monthly and annual  collected data of terrestrial and satellite precipitation. The relationship between monthly precipitation data from satellite images and observed data from stations were also determined using a linear and nonlinear regression for each year. The model reliability was also subsequently determined using statistical validation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Effect prediction of rangeland condition changes on runoff by HEC-HMS model in Sarab-Sefid basin of Borujerd
Ali Ariapour Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh Mojtaba Nasaji Naghmeh Piroozi

Assessment of Watershed management practices is one of the main subjects for future planning of natural resources management and restoration projects. In terms of, there are no tools for assessment of watershed management practices in many basins of the country, and the More

Assessment of Watershed management practices is one of the main subjects for future planning of natural resources management and restoration projects. In terms of, there are no tools for assessment of watershed management practices in many basins of the country, and then distributed hydrological models can be used this purpose. The purpose of this study was evaluation of cover changes and it effect on runoff in Sarab Sefid basin in Borujerd county-Lorestan Province by HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System). For this purpose, based on the rainfall-runoff observed events, HEC-HMS model was optimized and calibrated. Then, to determination of rangeland condition changes, concentration time was measured after each scenario. Inputs of model were determined by SCS method and simulated runoff for available data from climatology stations. Criteria's such as runoff pick and amount of flow determined for evaluation and measured in two situations of before and after land use. Results show that this model (HEC-HMS) is suitable for predicting and simulating of sun off in basin according to acceptable accuracy. Because of decreasing of Curve Number (CN) cause of plant cover increasing, the best scenarios to decreasing runoff are exclusion, available management of rangelands, conflagration and heavy grazing respectively. Therefore to decreasing of runoff must increase plant cover by any management tools even exclusion which it is the last way. Because of forestalling of natural hazardous and land degradation, orchards, built places beside of river and beside of Borujerd city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - حوزه معنایی اسم و صفت در ساخت نوع ادبی عرفانی (حدیقه سنایی)
Abbas Ali Vafaei Fatemeh Moradi

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Open Access Article

120 - Bussuiness Plan
Fatemeh Kakaei Binazir sadat Kalali Seyed Hamid Tabatabaei Hamid reza Mohebi

In

In Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - واکاویی وضعیت و شخصیت شیخ هارون بن خمیس، فقیه حکومت قطب‌شاه
کاظم استادی

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Open Access Article

122 - منشأیابی رخساره های فرسایش بادی حوزه آبخیز میاندشت اسفراین
حمید علی پور سیده نگار هاشمی نسب جعفر دستورانی یاسر شهنواز

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Open Access Article

123 - پهنه‌بندی خطر زمین لغزش با استفاده از سیستم استنتاج فازی در حوزه‌ی رودخانه‌ی ایذه
مجتبی محمدی محمد ابراهیم عفیفی عبدالرسول قنبری

1423

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Open Access Article

124 - Grounds for The Formation of Fake Hadiths in The Field of Women
Razie Shirini

The purpose of this study was to explain the background of the development of hadiths on women and to determine the role of each field in the development of fake hadiths. The study population included “Almozooat” books. The sample subsumed the subjects of th More

The purpose of this study was to explain the background of the development of hadiths on women and to determine the role of each field in the development of fake hadiths. The study population included “Almozooat” books. The sample subsumed the subjects of the hadiths about women and determining the role of each field in the spread of false hadiths against women. The research design was descriptive-analytical. Data was obtained through documents and libraries. The analysis was conducted based on the obtained data from the topics and hadiths of the topic in the “Almozooat” books. The results of the research showed that the historical conditions of the Islamic society were the basis for the fake hadith about women. The grounds for fake hadith about women were divided into cultural, social and political contexts: Cultural contexts included the dominance of patriarchal culture, the existence of a negative attitude towards women's identity and the promotion of the thoughts of the believers among Muslims. The influence of religious opponents among Muslims was a political issue and the existence of social requirements in the post-Prophet era was considered as a social issue. Therefore, anti-feminist hadiths were falsified, and after the falsification, due to the acceptance by the male community and due to the negligent approach of the narrators in narrating non-commandments news and without any critique review, they were inserted in the narrative texts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - Khadijah's Interacting with Spouse Style in Three Cultural, Psychological and Behavioral Fields
Reza Baniasadi Maryam Baghrrinejad Yazdi

10.22034/jwcp.2023.701780

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interacting with spouse style of Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH) in three cultural, psychological and behavioral fields. The research universe included all the texts and sources related to Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH). The sample More

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interacting with spouse style of Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH) in three cultural, psychological and behavioral fields. The research universe included all the texts and sources related to Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH). The sample of the research was the texts related to the interacting with spouse style of Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH) and the cultural, psychological and behavioral analysis about this contents. This research was descriptive and analytical. Data was collected using documentary and library methods via reviewing the texts on interacting with spouse style of Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH and cultural, psychological and behavioral subjects and note taking on index cards. Then the obtained data were analyzed. The results of the research showed that Hazrat Khadijah (PBUH), the unique lady of Hijaz, acted very admirably in her way of interacting with spouse to the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in three cultural, psychological and behavioral dimensions, and she should be a perfect model not only for all faithful women, but also for absolute all women. She that was taken under consideration of others during her lifetime and after her death, developed the attitude toward matrimony, the impact of age on marriage and non-insisting on luxury in cultural field. On psychological domain she held traits akin love and perception, deep confidence on her spouse and understanding the life difficulties.   Also, in the field of behavior, she had characteristics such as chastity, generosity, honoring her spouse, supporting her husband, and creating a safe and relaxing atmosphere at home.  Therefore, it could be reported that the use of all these components by women would improve their status with their husbands and, as a result, strengthen the family and achieve common goals.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

126 - مکان یابی احداث سدهای خاکی کوچک در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک با روش تحلیل چند معیاره مکانی (SMCE)
مسلم چابک بلداجی هادی زارعی محمودآبادی محمد علی شیرزاده محمد حسن زاده

یکی از راه حل‌های کارآمد و مناسب برای بهینه سازی استفاده از رواناب به ویژه درمناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، استفاده ازسدهای خاکی کوچک است. که ضمن کاهش خسارات ناشی از سیل، در تغذیه مصنوعی سفره آب زیرزمینی، احیای مراتع و بیابان زدایی موثر است.در سالهای اخیر، توسعه و بهره برداری از More

یکی از راه حل‌های کارآمد و مناسب برای بهینه سازی استفاده از رواناب به ویژه درمناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، استفاده ازسدهای خاکی کوچک است. که ضمن کاهش خسارات ناشی از سیل، در تغذیه مصنوعی سفره آب زیرزمینی، احیای مراتع و بیابان زدایی موثر است.در سالهای اخیر، توسعه و بهره برداری از منابع آب و خاک در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک، ضرورتی انکارناپذیر است که بهر ه برداری از سیلاب‌های آنی در این مناطق یکی از این زمینه‌ها است. یکی از مسائلی مهمی که در زمینه طراحی مکان احداث این سازه‌های مهندسی در حوزه‌های آبخیز وجود دارد، بحث مکان یابی صحیح این سازه‌ها بر روی رودخانه اصلی حوزه می باشد. عدم وجود یک راه ریاضی و منطقی به منظور اولویت بندی عملیات اجرایی این سازه‌ها ما را بر آن داشت تا با استفاده از مدل ارزیابی چند معیاره مکانی و تلفیق لایه‌های اطلاعاتی که از اهداف اصلی این تحقیق می باشد، مکان‌های مناسب جهت احداث سد خاکی بر روی رودخانه‌های اصلی حوزه آبخیز یوسف آباد طبس بپردازیم. لذا با استفاده از ترکیب نقشه‌های رستریمربوط به محدودیت مکانی (حریم رودخانه)، عوامل مکانی طبیعی (درصد شیب، حریم از رودخانه، واحدهای ژئومورفولوژی و ویژگیهای زمین شناسی )، عوامل اقتصادی (منابع قرضه، حریم از راه، حریم از قنات و حریم از مناطق مسکونی) در محیط برنامه نویسی ارزیابی چند معیاره مکانی، نرم افزار ILWIS 3.31  طراحی شد. ابتدا لایه‌های مکانی به فرمت این نرم افزار در آورده شد. سپس لایه‌های مکانی ناهمگون با یکدیگر، تلفیق و همگون سازی شدند و همگی ارزش‌های فازی صفر تا یک را گرفتند. به دلیل یکسان نبودن ارزش لایه‌ها، لایه‌ها وزن دهی شدند. در نهایت، تلفیق لایه‌ها انجام شد و نقشه شاخص ترکیبی به دست آمد که در آن مکان‌های مساعد جهت احداث سد خاکی منطقه مطالعاتی، الویت بندی گردید و بهترین مکان جهت انجام عملیات اجرائی در حوزه مشخص شد. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد مکان احداث، از نظر مهندسی و از نظر مردمی مورد تأیید کارشناسان و مردم بومی منطقه بود. و می توان ازعان نمود، دقت، صحت و سرعت  و توانائی بالای این مدل می تواند برای حوزه‌های آبخیز دیگری نیز انجام گیرد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

127 - برآورد فرسایش و رسوب حوضه بالادست سد وشمگیر
وحید یزدانی سپیده یکه باش امیر حسین آقاخانی افشار

به دلیل اهمیت آب و نقش حیاتی آن در زندگی انسان، مطالعات رودخانهای و به تبع آن مطالعه بر روی حوضههای آبریز ضروری به نظر میرسند. استان گلستان با مساحت 20437 کیلومترمربع بین عرض جغرافیایی ΄24 ˚36 تا ΄0 ˚38 شمالی و ΄51 ˚53 تا ΄14 ˚56 شرقی واقع شده است. گرگان‌ More

به دلیل اهمیت آب و نقش حیاتی آن در زندگی انسان، مطالعات رودخانهای و به تبع آن مطالعه بر روی حوضههای آبریز ضروری به نظر میرسند. استان گلستان با مساحت 20437 کیلومترمربع بین عرض جغرافیایی ΄24 ˚36 تا ΄0 ˚38 شمالی و ΄51 ˚53 تا ΄14 ˚56 شرقی واقع شده است. گرگان‌رود یکی از مهم‌ترین رودخانه‌های استان گلستان به شمار می‌رود و در تمامی دشت گرگان جریان داشته و آن را به دو قسمت تقسیم می‌کند. سطح حوضه آبگیر آن به مساحت 10250 کیلومترمربع می‌باشد. گام اصلی و مهم در مطالعات فرسایش و رسوب به روش تجربی، تعیین و شناسایی اشکال، و سیمای فرسایش است. در این مرحله نقشه‌های مختلف شامل شبکه آبراهه، شیب، زمین‌شناسی، ژئومورفولوژی، خاک‌شناسی و کاربری اراضی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت؛ و نقشه واحد کاری منطقه مشخص و با تفسیر عکسهای هوایی و بازدیدهای میدانی نقشه تدقیق گردید. جهت برآورد میزان فرسایش و رسوب در زیرحوضه‌ها  از مدل MPSIAC استفاده شد. طبق بررسیهای میدانی صورت گرفته و نتایج بدست آمده انواع فرسایشها، در سطح مورد مطالعه به وقوع پیوسته است. طبق بررسیهای صورت گرفته بیشترین فرسایش در زیر حوضه با کد 1625220 (بار بستر 62/3 و با معلق 47/14) و کمترین فرسایش در زیر حوضه با کد 1624210 (بار بستر 32/0 و بار معلق 3/1) بود. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده نسبت تحویل رسوب در زیر حوضههای مورد بررسی بین حداکثر 6/23 الی 6/39 درصد می&lrm;باشد. در همین راستا میزان رسوب ویژه بین 6/1 الی 1/18 و فرسایش ویژه بین 9/4 الی 3/58 تن در هکتار در سال متغیر بود. Manuscript profile

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128 - Prioritization of attractive areas of investment in the automotive industry based on AHP method and evaluation of investment risk in attractive areas of research and development based on FMEA technique (Case study: Zamyad Automotive Company)
mohammad shamshiri amir bayat tork Tahmoures Sohrabi Nazanin Pilevari Salmasi

10.30495/imj.2022.1950884.1739

AbstractAutomotive companies are looking for ways to adopt a different strategy from other automotive companies to provide better customer service. An example of these distinct strategies is investing decisions in attractive areas of automotive companies. In this regard More

AbstractAutomotive companies are looking for ways to adopt a different strategy from other automotive companies to provide better customer service. An example of these distinct strategies is investing decisions in attractive areas of automotive companies. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to prioritize attractive areas of investment in the automotive industry based on the AHP method and evaluate investment risks in attractive areas of research and development based on the FMEA technique. The study population of this study is 21 experts in the automotive industry who have been selected based on judgmental sampling.First, using the FAHP method, attractive areas of the automotive industry are identified and prioritized, and then with the FMEA method, investment risk in the field of research and development of the automotive industry is analyzed. The results showed that among the main criteria, investment in energy transfer methods weighing 0.438 ranks first. Investment in human resources and development of lines with a weight of 0.180 and investment in production of main collections with a weight of 0.174 won the second and third ranks, respectively.Then, among all the sub-criteria, investment in research and development was ranked first. Also in the field of research and development, the risks related to the initial and detailed evaluation stage had a higher priority than the risks related to other stages. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

129 - Binding Hierarchy and Complement Clauses in Sorani Kurdish
Mohammad Sedigh Zahedi Habib Soleymani

The author’s aim in writing this article is to study complement clauses in Sorani dialect of Kurdish and compare them with Givon's Binding Hierarchy. Having Observed predicates' behavior and their complements, we came to the conclusion that predicates classificati More

The author’s aim in writing this article is to study complement clauses in Sorani dialect of Kurdish and compare them with Givon's Binding Hierarchy. Having Observed predicates' behavior and their complements, we came to the conclusion that predicates classification and binding hierarchy of complements in Sorani , except in a few numbers, follows the diagram presented by Givon, and confirms his claim that binding hierarchy of complements is a universal tendency among world languages. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

130 - Provide an electronic human resource management model in the field of navy
Roholah sharifi Ahmad Malaki

Today, advances in technology have affected the atmosphere of the organization, including the functioning of human resource managers. An example of the presence of technology in the human resources space is the electronic human resource management of the Navy; A phenome More

Today, advances in technology have affected the atmosphere of the organization, including the functioning of human resource managers. An example of the presence of technology in the human resources space is the electronic human resource management of the Navy; A phenomenon that has been widely used with the development of the Internet in developed countries and has recently been considered in Iranian academic and organizational discussions, but in this area, the application of this issue faces two problems; There is a significant lack of research in electronic human resource management and also the neglect of localization of this new system, which has caused the reception of this new system and its establishment has faced problems. Therefore, the present research article, with the pluralism of data collection methods (interviews, questionnaires and Q), identifies the obstacles and factors of establishing electronic human resource management in the field of navy and by Q method, the consensus of these obstacles and factors is determined and finally a suitable model. Designed with a localization approach to establish electronic human resource management in this area. The model is presented by considering strategic reference points as input and considering the attitude towards the new system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

131 - Designing a branding model of human resources in the field of health with an Islamic approach
sahar abedini saeed sayadi

Objective: The organizations’ ignorance or disregard for social norms and values can have many negative effects on their comprehensiveness and brand in the society. This research tries to answer some fundemental questions about the branding criteria based on Ira More

Objective: The organizations’ ignorance or disregard for social norms and values can have many negative effects on their comprehensiveness and brand in the society. This research tries to answer some fundemental questions about the branding criteria based on Iranian-Islamic principles and presents a branding model of human resources applying Islamic culture and teachings.Research method: A mixed-method research design (qualitative and quantitative) was applied in this study and a survey was used to gather the required data. The data obtaibed from the qualitative phase of the study was used to offer a conceptual model for human resources branding.Accoringly, in the first phase of the research, in order to provide a comprehensive model, a meta-composite qualitative research method was used and after identifying the categories, concepts and codes of the human resources brand, Structural Modeling Method (ISM) was applied to provide the optimal combination of the components of the model in such a way that the relationship between the categories of the human resources brand can be determined. After the primary model was developed, it was validated therough Partial Least Squares (PLS) method.Findings: The intended model consists of 8 main categories (Islamic human resources branding, human resources performance evaluation, human resources training and development, organizational leadership, organizational justice, satisfaction and commitment of human resources, organizational culture and internal branding).Discussion and conclusion: Every health-care organization can use the Islamic indicators extracted in this research in addition to the scientific principles of meritocracy and talent management for its branding druring its talent-hunting process It can eventually complement  its branding procedure by relying on religious and Islamic principles, and by hiring and maintaining talented human resources. Manuscript profile

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132 - Estimation of specific sedimentation status of formations using water discharge and sediment of Mamlu hydrometric station in Damavand Drainage basin
Keyvan Ahzan

Estimation of suspended sediment load is one of the most important factors in the hydraulic, morphological and hydraulic behavior of river sediments  and the basis of proper management of water and soil resources in Drainage basin. Estimation of the total suspended More

Estimation of suspended sediment load is one of the most important factors in the hydraulic, morphological and hydraulic behavior of river sediments  and the basis of proper management of water and soil resources in Drainage basin. Estimation of the total suspended load of the river is often possible with the data measured in hydrometric stations from establishing the relationships of sediment measurement curves using conventional methods. In this paper, the amount of sediment estimation in Damavand Drainage basin has been estimated through statistics recorded in Mamlu hydrometric station. The main rivers of Damavand Drainage basin are Damavand and Siahroud rivers. Damavand river which flows from east to west of the basin and while passing through Damavand city, Tarroud, Arab chenarha, Gilavand, Hesare paeen, Mara, Kajan, Tamisan, Zareh Dar and Siah Sang, after 48 km, finally in Yurd Shah It joins Jajroud river. For this purpose, these statistics (related to Damavand Drainage basin) were received from Tamab Company. According to the study, the average annual bed load in Damavand Drainage basin is 46395.332 tons, the total discharge of sedimentary materials is 2783.2192 tons and the specific sediment production of the basin is on average 3665.12 tons per square kilometer. The results of this study show that Karaj Formation, due to its area in Damavand Drainage basin, has the largest share in sediment production. Manuscript profile

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133 - Investigating the Factors Affecting the Varak Basin Erosion and Its Risk Zonation Using EPM method
siamak Baharvand Salman Souri

Soil erosion is one of the major environmental concerns of the present century. This issue has become a major problem to the environment and natural resources, so that statistics indicate that soil erosion in Iran is several times more than global average. This research More

Soil erosion is one of the major environmental concerns of the present century. This issue has become a major problem to the environment and natural resources, so that statistics indicate that soil erosion in Iran is several times more than global average. This research was carried out with to investigate the factors affecting the Varak area erosion and its risk zonation using the EPM method. For this purpose, field visits and satellite images studying were used to investigate the erosion. Then, the information layers of the area including average slope, soil and rock susceptibility to erosion, land use and observational erosion were prepared, and information layers were weighted and the erosion risk susceptibility map was prepared. In addition, the results from the risk zonation of the region show that 6.3, 55.2, 26, 3.1 and 9.4 percent of the region are at the erosion risk classes of very low, low, moderate, severe, and very severe, respectively. Based on the zoning, the focus of the erosion-sensitive areas are in the southwest, northwest, and a part of the north of the region, which is consistent with the fossilized and fractured parts of the Asmari lime, which has a higher slope. Considering the field observations, investigating the precision measurement of the method used to prepare the potential erosion risk map of Varak watershed indicates that the EPM method has a fairly high precision. Manuscript profile

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134 - Survey the effect of land use changes on quantity of water Maroon River using RS and GIS
Khosro Shafei Motlagh Jahangir Poorhemat Hossen Sedghi Majid Hosseini

 The Correct management watersheds is one of the most important methods is the optimal use of soil and water resources. To do this, it s need for comprehensive information of different methods administrative management. Recent decades, correct and timely assessment More

 The Correct management watersheds is one of the most important methods is the optimal use of soil and water resources. To do this, it s need for comprehensive information of different methods administrative management. Recent decades, correct and timely assessment of quantitative and qualitative runoff is considered one of the concerns of the country's macro management.This project is modeling and evaluation and efficiency of the SWAT model to simulate the monthly runoff, sensitivity analysis, optimization of critical parameters, to evaluate the effect land use during the past four decades on Quantity of Maroon River watershed at the departure station (Idanak) in Kohgiloyeh and Boyerahmad. For this purpose, were used from semi-distributed SWAT model and SUFI2 program in the form of bundles SWAT CUP for sensitivity analysis, calibration, validation and uncertainty analysis.In this research first were prepared changes in land use map available as well as soil and vegetation in the watershed Maroon map within four ten-year period from 1980 to 2010 by using TM and ETM sensor of Landsat satellite .Observations Data of hydrometric Idenak station as base station was used during 1970 to 2010 in four ten-year period to observe changes in runoff during the calibration and validation. Compare the effect of land use management options on the different components of the hydrological cycle shows different amounts of runoff. Shows a the pessimistic scenario occurred in four decades. With continuing damage to the state in land use regression various amounts of runoff increases and decreases permeability and gullies on the surface and deep aquifers. Manuscript profile

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135 - The sediment yield potential Sorhe drainage basin (Kordan river) using MPSIAC
Shahin Baluti Parviz Ghazanfari Amin Amini

Sorhe basin with area of 36.43 km is located at northeastern of Karaj. Kahar With the age of Pre cambrianformation is also the oldest available stone in this basin and the newer stone units belong to Quaternary period.Stone units in Karaj formation cover more than 50% a More

Sorhe basin with area of 36.43 km is located at northeastern of Karaj. Kahar With the age of Pre cambrianformation is also the oldest available stone in this basin and the newer stone units belong to Quaternary period.Stone units in Karaj formation cover more than 50% area of total range. This region is generally consisting ofsediment stones. 6 main factors including geology, climate, tectonic, slope, plant cover and weathering influencethe level of erosion of rock units. In this research the must important effective factor on erosion will be studied.using Arc GIS software , the level of sediment yield map and investigation of formation's erosion at Touchalbasin was specified. Most important factors on erosion in this region are geology, tectonic and slope. based onMPSIAC related tables, maps get be prepared and finally the level of sediment at Sorhe basin will be achieved.Results of tests and studies by GIS certified that stone units of Sorhe basin are classified within 5 erosion groupsin which Quaternary maps had very high erosion and Soltanieh formation had very low sediment. Surfacegeology was the must effective factor on Sorhe basin level of sediment including it was 889/27 at this basin Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

136 - Relationship Between Heavy Metals and Some Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Garangochay Watershed
ramin salmasi

Heavy Metal contamination in Garangochay watershed was reported. Primary experiments of the stream water samples showed Heavy Metal concentrations were several times higher than standard ones. The purpose of this research is that with attention to Heavy Metal pollution More

Heavy Metal contamination in Garangochay watershed was reported. Primary experiments of the stream water samples showed Heavy Metal concentrations were several times higher than standard ones. The purpose of this research is that with attention to Heavy Metal pollution of the water samples, are the soils polluted with these metals. If answer is positive, which soil properties are related to these metals?  For this purpose, after field investigations and the soil sampling and analyses of soil physico-chemical properties and heavy metals, correlation coefficients and cluster analyses of data were determined. Results showed that Cu with OC and Al, Cr, and Mn with clay percentages of soil samples had positive correlation. Five main clusters were determined with cluster analysis that was in agreement with correlation coefficients. Positive correlations between clay and OC of the soil samples with some metals indicate that these 2 soil components with metals fixing, reduce their release into environment. Other researches are necessary to determine geology and anthropogenic sources of these metals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

137 - Potential identification of groundwater resources using fuzzy logic method (Case study: Darab Fars watershed)
hamidreza amiri yosef shafiei ava fakhraei rad Hojjatullah Keshavarz

The limitation and scarcity of groundwater resources in Darab Fars plain has caused this plain to be in a critical situation and in the forbidden group. With proper management, the capacity of available surface and groundwater resources can be well identified and studie More

The limitation and scarcity of groundwater resources in Darab Fars plain has caused this plain to be in a critical situation and in the forbidden group. With proper management, the capacity of available surface and groundwater resources can be well identified and studied to make a comprehensive plan for their proper use. The use of GIS along with observational data leads to easy and systematic estimation of groundwater recharge areas. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of groundwater resources using AHP model and fuzzy functions in GIS environment. To assess the potential of groundwater resources, 10 geological criteria, fault density, altitude, slope, land use, soil, geomorphology, precipitation, drainage density and distance from rivers were studied and analyzed. The layers were prepared in a GIS environment and then the potential of groundwater resources was modeled using fuzzy logic functions. The results showed that the use of 0.98 gamma showed more favorable results than other numbers. Areas with high groundwater potential were determined with high accuracy. To validate the model, exploitation wells in the region have been used. About 63.62 percent of this type of wells are located in areas with good and very good potential. Areas with good and very good potential correspond to the terrace reserves, alluviums and sediments of the fourth period and have a low slope (0-5 degrees). About 31 percent of the watershed is in two categories of good and very good potential. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

138 - Comparison of Soil Moisture Accounting model and Neuro-fuzzy for Rainfall-Runoff Modeling (Case study: Zola Chay watershed)
Ebrahim Yousefi Mobarhan

Hydrological simulation of watersheds applies for estimating peak discharge and runoff volume from rainfall, flood routing in rivers and flood hydrograph analysis. The purpose of this study is application of soil moisture accounting (HMS SMA) and Neuro-fuzzy models in d More

Hydrological simulation of watersheds applies for estimating peak discharge and runoff volume from rainfall, flood routing in rivers and flood hydrograph analysis. The purpose of this study is application of soil moisture accounting (HMS SMA) and Neuro-fuzzy models in daily flow, The purpose of this study is application of soil moisture accounting (HMS SMA) and Neuro-fuzzy models in daily flow. runoff volume and hydrograph analysis of the simulated rainfall - runoff in the Zola Chay watershed. In this study after of Zola Chay watershed modeling with HEC-GeoHMS Extension, In this study after of Zola Chay watershed modeling with HEC-GeoHMS Extension. the model entered to HEC-HMS program and by parameters estimating of soil moisture accounting model, the rainfall- runoff simulation in other scales has been done. By analysis of time scales for calibration and optimization of HMS SMA model parameters we can claim that the monthly time scale rainfall - runoff simulation accurate than annual, seasonal, semiannual and annual time scales can be better than the other time scales of flow to estimate peak. Comparing the calibration and optimization soil moisture and Neuro-fuzzy methods revealed that fuzzy method can simulate rainfall- runoff relationship better than SMA model by best statistical coefficients (E= 0.76 and RMSE= 0.18). Manuscript profile

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139 - شناساییییو اولوو اولوییتتبندبندییززییررساختهاساختهاییسازمانسازمانییموثر بر اجراموثر بر اجرایی مهندسمهندسییارزش در شرکتارزش در شرکتهاهاییببییمهمهایای با استفاده از تکنبا استفاده از تکنییککتصمتصمییممگیریگیریچند شاخصهچند شاخصهEELLEECCTTRREE
علی رمضانی مجتبی کاتب

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140 - Descriptive Report of the Archaeological Survey and Identification of the Abharrud Basin
Abolfazl Aali

Due to its importance in the archaeological studies of Northwest Iran, the Abharrud basin was investigated and identified during two seasons in 2004 and 2005 with an area of 3400 square kilometers. The investigation was carried out in Abhar and Khorramdara counties with More

Due to its importance in the archaeological studies of Northwest Iran, the Abharrud basin was investigated and identified during two seasons in 2004 and 2005 with an area of 3400 square kilometers. The investigation was carried out in Abhar and Khorramdara counties with the objectives of identifying and recording artifacts, studying the pattern of settlements, studying the cultural connections of this area with other parts of the country, and as a result, 257 ancient artifacts were identified. The identified works were very diverse and mostly included ancient sites and mounds that were probably old village centers. The study of pottery and other surface finds indicates that the Abharrud region has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period, and the settlement in its various parts continued until the late Islamic era. Manuscript profile

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141 - Analytical Study on Formative Step of Early Bronze Age Culture in Southern Slops of Alvand Chairs in Hamedan on the Basis of Archaeological Survey
Abbas Motarjem Farzad Mafi

10.30495/peb.2008.707801

In the early third millennium, the central Zagros region faced major cultural changes, which revealed the advent of a new culture. Archaeological studies show this culture that covered vast areas of the west and northwest of Iran originated from the Kura Araxes Caucuses More

In the early third millennium, the central Zagros region faced major cultural changes, which revealed the advent of a new culture. Archaeological studies show this culture that covered vast areas of the west and northwest of Iran originated from the Kura Araxes Caucuses. This study tries, based on archaeological surveys, to display Bronze Age settlements in this region. Manuscript profile

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142 - An Overview of the Chalcolithic Period in North West Iran and some Suggestions for the Basin Extends Dalma Tradition
Mohsen Heydari

One of the periods and culture in northwest of Iran which is of little attention is the period of Chalcolithic and Dalma pottery tradition. Unfortunately our information about this period is so slight and it is limited to some brief essays and reports. This pottery trad More

One of the periods and culture in northwest of Iran which is of little attention is the period of Chalcolithic and Dalma pottery tradition. Unfortunately our information about this period is so slight and it is limited to some brief essays and reports. This pottery tradition have relatively vast extension basin from northwest to central Zagros, and it includes painted, manipulated decoration (Incised, Impressed, Punched and Adjunct), plain pottery with red slip. It seems that painted potteries are the continuation of previous period, Hjifiruz, and potteries with manipulated decoration don’t have any record in the area and probably entered this area from another area. Unluckily, although various models and views about the extension of Dalma tradition has been presented, there is no information about how it has been extended. Has the extension of this pottery been occurred by the migrations or nomad? Has the transmission of Lightness The idea been influential in the meantime or other factors? This obscurity still remains in force because of the lack of accurate territorial and extraterritorial investigations. Manuscript profile

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143 - ارزیابی مولفه های تاب آوری شهری در شهرهای پیرامون کلانشهر تهران (مطالعه موردی شهر اسلامشهر)
صمد علائی علی توکلان رحیم سرور

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144 - Comparison of self-efficacy and job commitment of teachers with Teaching "in the field" and Teaching out-of-field" in the primary school of education district one of Sanandaj city
soheila hosein pour farhad saeidi heidar abdi

The purpose of this study was to compare self-efficacy and job commitment among teachers with teaching "in the field" and teaching "out-of-field" teachers in elementary school district of Sanandaj city education. The research method is descriptive-comparative. The popul More

The purpose of this study was to compare self-efficacy and job commitment among teachers with teaching "in the field" and teaching "out-of-field" teachers in elementary school district of Sanandaj city education. The research method is descriptive-comparative. The population included 1102 people (810 females and 292 males) from elementary school teachers in a district of Sanandaj city who were engaged in the academic year of 2017-2018. Of these, 95 non-specialized elementary teachers were selected through a simple random sampling method using a total of 262 teachers who only had specialized teaching. Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk Hoy standard self-efficacy questionnaires (2001) and Blau job commitment (2009) were used to collect data. Also, for data analysis, independent t-test was used. The results show that there is a significant difference between the self-efficacy of teachers who teaching out-of-field and teaching in the field. There is also a significant difference between the job commitment of teachers who teaching out-of-field and teaching in the field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - The Impact of Horror on Violence, Horror and Violence in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shahram Ahmadpour Parviz Ahadi Yosef Farhang Firoz Rad

The current research aims to investigate the impact of Pabarja programming on information technology, aerospace technology and biotechnology in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, the policy making tool of Pabarja programming has been used as post-programmin More

The current research aims to investigate the impact of Pabarja programming on information technology, aerospace technology and biotechnology in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, the policy making tool of Pabarja programming has been used as post-programming methods. The fields of information technology, aerospace technology, and biological technology have been the studied examples. Developmental policy documents in these three areas have been analyzed. Based on the results, the policies were divided into four categories: very strong, strong, partially strong, and non-strong. Instrumental policies in the country's technological development documents were compared in three studied fields. Based on the results of the information technology document, it is more durable than the other two documents, and the bio-technology document has the lowest degree of durability. In the bio-technological document, not only the level of persistence is low, but they also do not have correlation with each other, and the things that were important in the document have less persistence. The comparison between dependence on technological fields and dependence on scenarios shows that policies are more dependent on scenarios than on technological fields. Manuscript profile

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146 - Determining the strategic position of sports tourism in the field of citizens' health
Rozita Hajiahmadi Mehdi Naderinasab Nima Majedi

The purpose of this study is determining the strategic position of citizens' health and its strategies. information was collected from sports tourism experts in the field of citizens' health and sports management. Sampling was done by whole number method which was equal More

The purpose of this study is determining the strategic position of citizens' health and its strategies. information was collected from sports tourism experts in the field of citizens' health and sports management. Sampling was done by whole number method which was equal to 112 people. The results showed that the sports tourism industry has 10 strengths, 14 weaknesses, 10 opportunities and 12 threats in different areas in the field of health of the citizens of the country. To rank each of them, Friedman test was used at the level of p <0.05. The matrix of internal factors of the sports tourism industry in the field of citizens 'health showed that the total score of the matrix is 2.927, which shows the strengths overcoming the weaknesses of the sports tourism industry in the field of citizens' health in Iran. The matrix of external factors of the sports tourism industry in the field of citizens' health showed that the total score of the external matrix is 1.573, which indicates the dominance of threats over environmental opportunities in this industry. The general conclusion is that the analysis of internal and external matrix shows that the sports tourism industry in the field of health of the citizens of Iran is strategically in the ST position, in other words, it can be said that due to the strengths over strengths and weaknesses of the tourism industry. Sports in the field of health of the country's citizens, as well as trying to overcome the anticipated threats, Manuscript profile

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147 - The Development of Knowledge Management (ID infrastructure, tools and areas of knowledge)
Omid Ardalan Asghar Mohammadi Fateh Sayyad Mehdi Alvani

  The main purpose of this article, the development of a comprehensive model of knowledge management in Iranian banks is wisdom. For this reason, a both qualitative and quantitative approach separately in the completed pattern has been followed. In a small phase, t More

  The main purpose of this article, the development of a comprehensive model of knowledge management in Iranian banks is wisdom. For this reason, a both qualitative and quantitative approach separately in the completed pattern has been followed. In a small phase, through exploratory factor analysis identified 14 infrastructure knowledge management And their correlation with knowledge management cycle through Pearson test was 36%.Also, in qualitative phase and by interviewing bankers, were asked to express the knowledge domains Bank The four areas of marketing, risk management, customer service, and human resources have been identified as areas of knowledge. Then take part in a questionnaire phase of the sample (n = 148) were asked to determine the extent of the use of knowledge management tools in the bank, Type the necessary tools to improve their above mentioned four areas. By counting the frequency of responses, 8 marketing tool, 14 Tools for risk management tool for the customer 15, and 8 for the field of human resources bank, was diagnosed applicable. Based on the model map of the Article 14 knowledge management infrastructure can facilitate knowledge management cycle in four areas. Manuscript profile

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148 - Predictive Power Stock Market IndicesFor The Future Economic Activity,In The Frequency Domain
Amir Mohammad zadeh Parisa Karim khani

Financial markets are among the influential markets in the economy of every country. Stock market booms and crashes in some countries not only influence their national economies but also have impacts on the global economy. Study of performance of stock market and stock More

Financial markets are among the influential markets in the economy of every country. Stock market booms and crashes in some countries not only influence their national economies but also have impacts on the global economy. Study of performance of stock market and stock price index and their effects on economic factors are among issues increasingly being focused by economic and financial researchers.Up to now many studies has been conducted on the causal relationship between stock market indices and economic variables in various countries. These causal relationships have confirmed in some studies and they have rejected in other ones. The innovation of present research is study of Granger causality in frequency domain about which there are no comprehensive studies especially in Iranian context. Present study addresses the causal relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) and stock market variables including stock price index, financial index and industry index in Iranian context and explores if predictive power is concentrated on lower frequencies or higher ones. Main goal of present study is to employ stock market indices to develop a model for prediction of GDP. Results from present study showed that in Iranian context there was no causal relationship between GDP and selected variables related to stock market in frequency domain and stock market indices cannot be used to predict GDP. Manuscript profile

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149 - Post -occupancy evaluation in buildings; A literature review of current practices in IRAN
shayesteh farah mohammad ghomeishi hesamaddin sotoudeh

10.22094/lsj.2023.1999500.1121

The post-occupancy evaluation (POE) method has been considered worldwide for about 60 years. Despite its extensiveness, many benefits, and wide scope of its use, it is very new in Iran, and detailed and complete studies have not been done in architecture. Post-occupancy More

The post-occupancy evaluation (POE) method has been considered worldwide for about 60 years. Despite its extensiveness, many benefits, and wide scope of its use, it is very new in Iran, and detailed and complete studies have not been done in architecture. Post-occupancy evaluation is a process that evaluates building performance after occupancy. It involves using technical, behavioral, and functional observations to monitor and measure the built environment. POEs provide scientific data on architectural design effectiveness. Despite being around for over 60 years, detailed and complete studies on POE in architecture have not been conducted in Iran. Although POE offers many advantages over the traditional evaluation process and has been widely used, many designers refuse to utilize this process. In Iran, POE is mainly used as a subject for academic research, and builders, designers, and users do not benefit from its results. In this systematic review, we conducted a literature search on POE methods to gain a better understanding of the existing POE practices of buildings in Iran. To carry out this review, we used seven databases and search engines, including Civilica, SID, Noormags, Elmnet, Magiran, Irandoc, Google Scholar, and typeset artificial intelligence. We used three Persian and two English keywords (POE, Post-occupancy Evaluation), and 1473 cases were discovered as primary results, which were evaluated during several stages. After eliminating duplicate cases, 52 cases were selected and categorized based on the subject of evaluation, city, year of implementation, research method for data collection, and type of research. The results of the review of the articles are described below. Considering the geographical extent of Iran and the existing climate diversity, the largest number of evaluations have focused on existing buildings in hot and dry climates, and few examples are available in cold, moderate, and humid climates. No evaluated sample has yet been found in hot and humid climates. The number of articles and POEs for any climate cannot reach correct and decisive results based on the climatic conditions. The reviewed articles were either theoretical studies that deal with the methods and definitions of POE, or they were case studies. However, the number of case samples used in each research was limited to one building or a small number, which could make it challenging to generalize the results to other buildings. Although questionnaire-based surveys and interviews with residents have been commonly used as subjective data collection techniques, there is a lack of information about the specific questions posed to participants, methods of questionnaire delivery, or details about response times and rates. The difficulty in fully understanding the research context in questionnaires and interviews has hindered the ability to replicate or enhance the planning and implementation of POE research in the future. A variety of methods have been used to collect data, but the literature review and the preparation and distribution of questionnaires have been used more than other examples. In the next stages, interviews, observations, and two examples of energy and simulation methods have been seen in articles. To obtain more practical results, it is essential to consider new methods or the combination of various methods in POEs used in other countries and take advantage of their experiences in carrying out POEs in Iran. Regarding POEs, residential and educational budlings have received the most attention, followed by the types of accommodation, including dormitories, hotels, and urban spaces, which have been of interest. Functions related to tourism, treatment, and official and historical monuments have been repeated minimally, and no research has investigated other building functions. In recent years, several POE activities have been conducted in Iran. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these activities. It categorizes the data collection tools, geography, and types of use, along with the items to be evaluated, evaluation elements, and types of evaluation levels used in previous studies. By analyzing the structure of the articles and their outcomes, the article helps researchers identify gaps in the field of POE in Iran. It provides a roadmap for future POE studies by highlighting areas needing re-evaluation, examples requiring further evaluation, and topics not yet evaluated. By following the guidelines and criteria provided in this study, researchers can ensure better architecture and brighter outcomes. Manuscript profile

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150 - Relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction of women
Rahil Azadbakht Parivash Vakili

The purpose of this study was the survey of the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction of married women. For this purpose a sample including 201 employees married women between 20-50 years old who were under the support of social guarant More

The purpose of this study was the survey of the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction of married women. For this purpose a sample including 201 employees married women between 20-50 years old who were under the support of social guarantee's insurance in sari, were selected by random in several stage and answered to the questions of  Young schemas questionnaire (YSQ) and Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire (47 questions). For the data's analysis were used of the methods of descriptive statistic and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis). The achieved result was indicated the negative relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction and the early maladaptive schemas can predict no marital satisfaction. Also among five-domain of the early maladaptive schemas, disconnection and rejection domain have negative significant relationship with marital satisfaction Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - Presenting a competency model in appointing managers in service organizations by identifying and cultivating managers' competencies from the sociological perspective of organizations (Case study: Social Security Organization)
behrouz khoshnamak Suleiman Iranzadeh asadollah khadivi Hoshang Tagizadeh

10.30495/jss.2020.1905514.1224

Selection of managers based on competency has always been one of the main concerns of decision makers and policy makers in the public sector and the provision of public services.The selection of the right managers at the levels of centralized and provincial units and th More

Selection of managers based on competency has always been one of the main concerns of decision makers and policy makers in the public sector and the provision of public services.The selection of the right managers at the levels of centralized and provincial units and the central leadership of public service providers in the field of insurance has been of great importance and it is necessary to specify and develop the indicators of managerial competence required for management in this organization. The purpose of this study is to develop a competency model for selecting managers in one of the main organizations providing various insurance services in Iran. Statistical population, including general manager, deputy general managers, heads of departments and heads and senior experts and heads of branches of one of the general insurance departments of the north and northwest of the country (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, Kurdistan, Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan , Qazvin and Hamedan) the statistical sample size is estimated at 228 people.Research method, integrated (qualitative and quantitative) and data collection tools in the qualitative part of the interview and the quantitative partThe questionnaire was based on the evaluation of competency criteria extracted from the qualitative part. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was based on the theme analysis approach and in the quantitative part was based on the confirmatory factor analysis method to test the components of the competency model. Manuscript profile

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152 - The Discourse of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Area of Security with an Emphasis on the Component of “National Unity among the Islamic Schools of Thought”
keyvan heidarnejad babak pourghahramani jamal Beygi

The current study, which is descriptive and has been conducted according to the analytical-descriptive methodology, attempts to explain the discourse of the Iran in the area of security with a focus on the major and important component of “national unity among the More

The current study, which is descriptive and has been conducted according to the analytical-descriptive methodology, attempts to explain the discourse of the Iran in the area of security with a focus on the major and important component of “national unity among the Islamic schools of thought”. In this discourse, the component of “national unity among the Islamic schools of thought” has a significant importance and status and whether it can be fulfilled or not can have positive and negative consequences, respectively. First, according to the law, all the Islamic schools of thought are supporte Manuscript profile

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153 - The Form and Function of the Public Sphere in the Pahlavi period; Studying the Central Role of the Heyathaaye Motalefeh Eslami and the Bazzer
ebrahim feraydoon samadi ali akbar amini mojtaba maghsoudi reza jalali

This research aims to analyze the political actions of clerics and bazaars as the traditional middle class of Iran in the last years of Pahlavi rule and the reasons for the formation of the public domain by the said group; It has been written based on the framework of H More

This research aims to analyze the political actions of clerics and bazaars as the traditional middle class of Iran in the last years of Pahlavi rule and the reasons for the formation of the public domain by the said group; It has been written based on the framework of Habermas' public domain theory and using descriptive and analytical methods. The findings of the research indicate that 1) the public sphere in Iran is affected by important reasons such as land reforms, military dealing with critics, dealing with clerics, bazaars and common people, adjustment of Pahlavi authoritarianism and the formation of incomplete modernity; The reasons that intensified the formation of the public sphere with the leadership of clerics and marketers; 2) The function of this field included the transfer of economic and social problems to the field of politics, public participation in political matters, and the formation of public opinion in Iran during the Pahlavi period; 3) The union of traditional bazaars with clerics and the formation of a Heyathaaye Motalefeh Eslami with a central role in the events of the Islamic Revolution was the result of the opposition of the then government to the formation of the public sphere; 4) Chamber of Commerce, although it was formed under the leadership of the government and in order to fight inflation in the last years of the Pahlavi era, but since it was born from the formation of the public sphere in Iran, it became an institution to confront the dire economic Manuscript profile

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154 - Building of a Secure Society as a Stability Strategy for the Relation of Iran and Persian Gulf Nations
Armin Amini Zahra Mahmoudi

The main question in this article is whether there is any possibility of building a secure society in the relation of Iran and that of nations in the Persian Gulf region? The secondary question addressed in this article is what type of secure society (tightly or loosely More

The main question in this article is whether there is any possibility of building a secure society in the relation of Iran and that of nations in the Persian Gulf region? The secondary question addressed in this article is what type of secure society (tightly or loosely coupled) would lead to a secure society and what are the nature and impact of three phases of developments: nascent ,ascent and mature on the emergence of a secure society in the region? Hypothesis presented in this research is that with the realization of active and potential elements as an opportunity in the creation of possibility of fostering good relations among Persian Gulf nations and also a shared understanding of threats faced these nations of the region then a serious effort for building intra trust and elimination of the grounds of conflict will emerge which could lead to the materialization of a secure society. Manuscript profile

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155 - The role of cyberspace on the situation of the public sphere in Iran
saeed bashiri seyyed mostafa abtahi Ali Morshedizad

Today, the phenomenon of information and communication revolution and its well-known product, cyberspace and social networks, are making fundamental and wide-ranging changes in the nature of socio-political forms and structures in various societies, and this has occupie More

Today, the phenomenon of information and communication revolution and its well-known product, cyberspace and social networks, are making fundamental and wide-ranging changes in the nature of socio-political forms and structures in various societies, and this has occupied the minds of researchers about how and the consequences and effects of these changes. Is. Cyberspace has been effective on all social, political, economic and cultural spheres of societies and due to its capacities such as speed, learning, permanent access, two-way and multi-way interaction, extra-space and extra-temporal, it has been able to be considered as a basic and effective tool on citizen relations. . The research seeks to investigate the role of cyberspace and social networks on creating and strengthening the public sphere among Iranians. The research has been done using descriptive-analytical method and study of documents and libraries and in collecting information from books, articles and websites. Findings show that cyberspace and its latest achievement, namely social networks, play an important and fundamental role in directing and enlightening public opinion, raising awareness in society, strengthening the functions of civil society and non-governmental organizations. The results indicate that cyberspace has played an effective and positive role in redefining and strengthening the public sphere among Iranians. Manuscript profile

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156 - a
حسن فارسی جوکار زهرا بیگ جانی

a

a Manuscript profile

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157 - a
seyyed javad hosseini ghorbanali ghanji rahmatollah amirahmadi

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

158 - Assessment of Urban Sustainable Development in Northeast Hinterland area of metropolis of Mashhad based on SWOT Technique and QSPM model
sirous shafagi fatemeh vosougi sona bikdeli

Today, the current patterns of urban development that is strongly influenced by the rising urban population are a serious threat to human existence and sustainable Life. Northeast Hinterland area with 375 people in hectare is the main area of focus for informal settleme More

Today, the current patterns of urban development that is strongly influenced by the rising urban population are a serious threat to human existence and sustainable Life. Northeast Hinterland area with 375 people in hectare is the main area of focus for informal settlements in Mashhad metropolitan. lack and weakness in quality and quantity distribution of Applications and Services , Development of settlements as the separate residential and non-agricultural land and without activities in this field caused Decrease the quality of space and areas activity and imprinting it in the city. Also, the separate axes of road networks caused the link between these areas with other areas of the metropolis. The aim of this article is identifying Strength and opportunities Weakness and Threats point by using SWOT Technique and offering the best strategy Access to Urban Sustainable Development using quantitative strategic planning matrix(QSPM) in Northeast Hinterland Area. Results show that whole Score of Matrix Table, the internal factors are 2.943 and external factors are 2.956 that the resulting number was lower than mean (3), in fact shows Weakness Prevails on Strength and Threats on opportunities. So the most appropriate strategy to achieve sustainable development in the northeastern city of metropolitan is defensive strategy, according to the model QSPM . WT1-Planning and scheduling deployment and service levels assigned to different functions, Strengthens the bond performance of activities and complete the functional hierarchy of activities and eliminate gaps through mixing and combining land, allocated the most points. Manuscript profile

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159 - Investigating the Impact of Legal and Scientific Indicators of Space Segmentation on Promotion of County to Province from the Perspective of People, Officials and Experts (Case Study of Kashan and Surroundings)
Mohamad Rahemi Hojat Mahkouii Ahmad Khademolhoseiny Ali Shamsoddini

Dynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system More

Dynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system of division of the state. In general, the main purpose of this process is to provide the foundation for geographical geography and environmental justice in geographic space. Hence, from the point of view of applied political geography, a balanced division of the country into the administrative and political divisions seems to be necessary. In our country, given the nature of the rule of law and the requirements of the natural and human environment, many of these divisions have undergone and changed. In the framework of the above approach, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of formal, legal and scientific components in promoting the city of Kashan and the surrounding area to the level of a province. The methodology of the study was based on the field method by designing and analyzing the questionnaire. Manuscript profile

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160 - Combination of AHP and TOPSIS methods to prioritize of flooding in Taleghan sub watersheds
Samaneh Razavizadeh کاکا شاهدی

Flood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost More

Flood is one of the natural disasters which every year cause to great life and property damage in different parts of world. Determination and prioritization of flooding in sub-watersheds with the aim of setting priorities in policy and management practices, is of utmost importance. In present study sub-watersheds of Taleghan watershed based on flooding potential were prioritized using AHP and TOPSIS techniques. Criteria considered for prioritization were the most important criteria affecting on rainfall infiltration, runoff and flooding potential. They include sub-watershed area, compactness coefficient, drainage density, average slope of sub watershed, mean elevation of sub watershed, the percentage of impervious area, curve number, main channel slope, main channel length, and concentration time. Results indicated that the three criteria of impervious area, CN and main channel slope, respectively, with relative weights of 0.283, 0.231 and 0.163 were the most significant parameters relating to flooding potential in sub watershed. The final results derived from combination of AHP and TOPSIS also showed that among the 16 sub-watersheds of Taleghan, three sub-watersheds of Hasanjun, Narian and Shahrak, respectively, have the highest potential of flooding. Manuscript profile

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161 - Investigation how to establishment Vetiver Grass with the approach of controlling Sediment yield and Run-off in Rangelands (Case Study: Vaz watershed)
shabanali gholami

In the present study, Vetiver Grass has been planted on the slopes of Gazna Sara of watershed in Nour city of Mazandaran Province in two pilots and in the different slope and directions and on five lines (on countered lines) and in the watershed of each pilot. For takin More

In the present study, Vetiver Grass has been planted on the slopes of Gazna Sara of watershed in Nour city of Mazandaran Province in two pilots and in the different slope and directions and on five lines (on countered lines) and in the watershed of each pilot. For taking care of plants, it was enclosure and during the summer, irrigation was performed three times. The results showed that Vetiver Grass in the pilot (1) absolutely have been deployed, but in the pilot (2) Vetiver Grass has been established in the first half of year but in the second half the plant was died due to frost in low temperature (-12C°). Therefore, the survival rate in the pilot (1) reached 90% and in the pilot (2) in the first half to 60 percent but in the second half was zero. Vetiver grass could bear the maximum and minimum temperatures (29 and -9 C°) as well as the maximum and minimum relative humidity (100 and 40%). And also it has shown consistent in soil with a PH =7.5 and EC = 794 Micro-seimenc. It's average shoot and root growth the plant in the pilot (1) in the first year was 41 and 52 cm, respectively and in the pilot (2) in the first six months was 26 and 32 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

162 - Evaluation of KINEROS2 Model for Simulating Flood Hydrograph. Case study: Ziarat Watershed
issa Mollaifar Vahedberdi Sheikh Abdolreza Bahremand Hasan Faramarzi

The Kinematic runoff and erosion model, KINEROS2, is an event-oriented, physically-based model to describe the processes of interception, infiltration, surface runoff and erosion from watersheds.DEM, land use, soil type and precipitation are main input data required for More

The Kinematic runoff and erosion model, KINEROS2, is an event-oriented, physically-based model to describe the processes of interception, infiltration, surface runoff and erosion from watersheds.DEM, land use, soil type and precipitation are main input data required for this model. Time scale of the KINEROS2 model is capable of simulating the flood hydrograph on a time minute. For evaluation of KINEROS2 Model, 8 rainfall-runoff flood events in the Ziarat watershed were selected. The events have been divided into two sets. The first set was used to run and calibrate the model and the second set was used to validate the model results. One factor at time (OAT) method has been used to carry out sensitivity analysis. The Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Manning roughness coefficient, mean capillary drive and interception depth have been chosen for manual calibration of the model. Various evaluation criteria including Nash-Sutcliffe, percent error in peak, aggregated Measure, coefficient of determination r2 and weighed coefficient of determination r2 were used to evaluate the model results. Results showed that the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency is 0.665 for calibration period and 0.797 for validation period. The KINEROS2 model estimates the hydrological parameters with good accuracy in the study area. Manuscript profile

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163 - Evaluating the effectiveness of flood control structures in Golab darreh-Darband watershed, Tehran
Baharak Motamedvaziri Hadi Kiadaliri Sasan Arefi

Golabdarreh- Darband watershed is one of the watersheds of north of Tehran which pay special attention to management of these basins due to flooding of these basins to Tehran city and its potential financial and life threat. In this research, HEC-HMS software has been u More

Golabdarreh- Darband watershed is one of the watersheds of north of Tehran which pay special attention to management of these basins due to flooding of these basins to Tehran city and its potential financial and life threat. In this research, HEC-HMS software has been used to determine the response of this watershed to floods before and after the watershed operation. Taking into account the lack of ability to determine the rainstorm corresponding to the time period before and after the flood control operations carried out in the watershed in order to investigate the studies of floods caused by single rainstorm, the investigation and statistical analysis of the rainfall and flood data related to the rain gauges and hydrometers stations located in Gulab Dareh-Darband watershed were closed and simulation of the watershed was done in the HEC-HMS software environment, so that after simulating the watershed, the flood caused by the watershed can be measured to the maximum 24-hour rainfall for the return period of 10, 25 and 100. The results of the simultaneous assessment of rainfall and flood in the studied watershed, before and after the implementation of the watershed projects, showed that the watershed operations had a direct effect on reducing floods, increasing flood infiltration and controlling it, and this effect on floods with a high return periods, there have been more so that the flood peak discharge and flood volume in the 10, 25 and 100 year return periods, after the implementation of the watershed projects, shows a decrease of 10, 27.4 and 40 percent, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

164 - Ethnobotanical investigation of medicinal plants of Glenrod watershed in Noor city
khadige mahdavi Maryam Kavianpoor Maedeh Yousefian mohammad mahdavi

Ethnobotany studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on the local traditional knowledge in each region. The aim of this study is to investigate the ethnobotanical medicinal plants of the local people of Glendrood watershed in Noor city. At first, the More

Ethnobotany studies the relationship between people and plants, focusing on the local traditional knowledge in each region. The aim of this study is to investigate the ethnobotanical medicinal plants of the local people of Glendrood watershed in Noor city. At first, the information of local people about medicinal plants was collected by using a questionnaire and noted in the forms. In this region, 30 important medicinal species were identified by the people. So that the largest number of medicinal and edible plant species in the region belong to the Asteraceae and Labiate families. The use of studied plant species is used to cure colds, useful for the digestive system. The most used parts of these plants are the leaves, and then fruit or seeds. The results obtained from local reports showed that most of the preparation methods of plant species by local people are boiled and brewed and then they are used fresh or powdered. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

165 - Identification and determine the distribution of plants used by bees in Galehdar watershed (Fars province)
عبدالحمید Karimi حسن Nazarian عفت Jafari احمد Hatami

In addition to knowledge of the biology of honey bees, beekeepers are required to define species, amount of nectar and pollen and flowering duration. This information can be used in preparing beekeeping calendar and suitable usage of different nutrient sources in order More

In addition to knowledge of the biology of honey bees, beekeepers are required to define species, amount of nectar and pollen and flowering duration. This information can be used in preparing beekeeping calendar and suitable usage of different nutrient sources in order to have an economical apiculture management. This study conducted in southern of Fars province (Galehdar watershed) to plants identification, flowering period determination, beekeeping calendar preparation and apiculture improvement.Galehdar watershed covers an area of 52250 hectares, with a minimum height of 480 m and a maximum of 1600 m above sea level, is located in southern of Fars province. In this study, using aerial photographs and topographic maps, early type of plants were classified. Then Plant density and canopy cover of honey bee plant resources determined in different sites of this area. Botanical studies of research area and identification of main species of plant types of Galehdar watershed showed six dominant plant types in this area. Also, data showed that the plants genus such as Veronica, Calendula, Plantago and Silene in the form of forbs, Astragalus fasiculifolius, Convolvulus acanthocladus and Platychaete aucheri in the form of shrubs, Ziziphus spina-christii and Amygdalus eburnea in the forms of tree and bush had the highest plant density in the Galehdar watershed. The best flowering time of these plants is from March to May. Thus during this period bee keepers can use this area for having high productivity and performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

166 - Study on land-use changes using GIS and RS techniques and . economic evaluationcompared to soil loss changes. Case study: Azad dam watershed
maarof emamgholi kaka shahedi mohamad hosein farhodi kheh bat khosravi

This study was carried out for assess changes in land-cover and land-use from 1987 to 2006 in the Azad dam watershed of Kurdistan province. For this purpose, initially using Landsat satellite images, percent of vegetation cover map was provided then by correction geomet More

This study was carried out for assess changes in land-cover and land-use from 1987 to 2006 in the Azad dam watershed of Kurdistan province. For this purpose, initially using Landsat satellite images, percent of vegetation cover map was provided then by correction geometric, radiometric and the season difference in imaging, the best band combination was selected and land-use maps was prepare using Maximum Similarity Likelihood algorithm and supervised classification. The overall accuracy test used to determine the accuracy of produced map. The result showed that, the area of irrigated land from 14.33% to 13.70%, dry land from 15.43% to 26.63% and poor rangelands from 24.37% to 42.17% have increased but, the average rangelands from 28.57% to 14.83% and good rangelands with shrub cover from 17.30% to 2.64% have been reduced. Also, classification accuracy in irrigation land, dry land, poor and average and good rangelands were determined 66, 74, 82, 76 and 84 percent respectively. Subsequently, the amount of soil loss and sediment yield using EPM model have been estimated that in 1987 this amount was 8.7 m3/ha/y and to 10.2 m3/ha/y for 2006 was increased. Finally, obtained results of economic estimation and occurred soil loss showed that stakeholders were damaged to 10 billion rails in the study area Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - Assessment of soil erosion and watershed prioritization using empirical models EPM and MPSIAC (Case Study: Aro watershed)
reza bayat maryam rostami

Abstract Identification,  evaluation  and  prioritization  of  different  areas  can  produce  valuable information for the watershed comprehensive plans, soil conservation and mitigation of the erosion types based on amoun More

Abstract Identification,  evaluation  and  prioritization  of  different  areas  can  produce  valuable information for the watershed comprehensive plans, soil conservation and mitigation of the erosion types based on amount of erosion and sedimentation. This study used the MPSIAC and EPM models as a comparison and prioritization to estimate erosion and sediment   in   the   Aro   Watershed   Basin.   Required   data   regarding   the   natural characteristics  of  studying  the  watershed  basin  was  provided  from  comprehensive studies  of Hableh-Rood  basin  and  field  studies.  By using the required  factors,  the amount of erosion was calculated in both the models. In the MPSIAC model, erosion was calculated to be 451 m3/km2/y, whereas sediment was calculated as 233 m3/km2/y. However, the rate of erosion in the EPM model was estimated to be 378 m3/km2/y and for sediment, it was 200 m3/km2/y. The results showed that in some subbasins there was good correlation between the MPSIAC and EPM models, however in areas with high erosion the EPM model has less certainty than the MPSIAC model. The highest area was moderate class in the both of models and both of erosion and sediment in terms of spatial distribution. The results showed that EPM and MPSIAC model have not good agreement in the all classes. Prioritization of the hydrologic units showed that A4 unit in the EPM model and A-1-4-3 unit in the MPSIAC model allocated maximum of amount of erosion and deposition, in this area. Manuscript profile

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168 - The effect of population growth on land use change ( case study: Vaz catchment, noor)
shabanali gholami mahmood habibneghad roshan mostafa nooripoor

The effect of population growth on land use change ( case study: Vaz catchment, noor) S.gholami[1], M.habibneghad roashan[2], M.nooripoor[3]     Abstract At present research impact of increasing population on land use changes were investigated in Vaz More

The effect of population growth on land use change ( case study: Vaz catchment, noor) S.gholami[1], M.habibneghad roashan[2], M.nooripoor[3]     Abstract At present research impact of increasing population on land use changes were investigated in Vaz catchment. The Vaz catchment is having 14,102 hectares area and it is located at Natel-Restaq region in Chamestan district and Noor city. For this research is used descriptive method. And for preparing data and information is done laboratory study, field measuring and documents collection, and also they saved in data base bank by Excel software, then   they were analyzed by SPSS.16 software, and then the results of them were compared by using T- test parametric and ANOVA test, and at final stage to terracing of graphs was used EXCEL, 2000. In this study, the stages of variations land use is done at three different durations by using aerial photos with 1/20000 scale from 1345 to 1371 and up to 1381 years. And also each of land use area was determined by using of GIS tools in each of duration. The results of variance analysis are shown affirmative on impact of increasing of population for each variations of different land use area. As the results of analyzes test have shown, increasing of population on variations of different land use were significant at 95% level.      [1] - Nour branch, Islamic azad university, , nour, iran [2] - Sari agricultureal sciences sciences and natural resources university [3] - Department of Natural Resources and Watershed , Nour , Iran Manuscript profile

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169 - Effect of social characteristics of beneficiaries on their participation in watershed cooperatives (Case study: cooperative of Saghezchi-Chaei watershed of Ardabil province)
ardavan ghorbani amirhosein kavianpoor roohollah dabiri

For gaining the participation of living people in a watershed for cooperation of them in the watershed plans, the effective factors should be considered. In this study individuality- professionally and educational-extensional characteristics of the rural people which we More

For gaining the participation of living people in a watershed for cooperation of them in the watershed plans, the effective factors should be considered. In this study individuality- professionally and educational-extensional characteristics of the rural people which were the member of watershed cooperative of Saghezchi-Chaei watershed (Ardabil province), and the effect of these factors on the participation of those on the watershed cooperatives were investigated. This research was conducted based on descriptive survey design and questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was the member of the watershed cooperatives rural areas including, Saghezchi, Soha, Hour, Tafieh and Raz totally 115 beneficiaries, which were inhabitant on the Saghezchi-Chaei watershed. For data analysis SPSS software were used. Obtained results from the description of individuality- professionally of beneficiaries which were the members of watershed cooperative of Saghezchi-Chaei watershed including: age, main profession, amount of education, type of profession in village, amount of skill and etc show that; firstly the only old beneficiaries with low education, and farmer and animal keeper with moderate skills have interested to participate in the watershed cooperative. Young educated people have no considerable believes to the success of watershed cooperative and they prefer more to emigrate and less interested to stay in rural area, and do different activities in the form of cooperatives. Beneficiaries view in regards to the educational programs participation for the increase of participation was considerable and they asking for this program. Moreover, according to the significance of Mann-Whithney comparison coefficient (α=0.01), familiar members with the concept of exclusure and rural cooperative crops, have the highest participation in the watershed cooperatives.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

170 - Comparison of Runoff and Suspended Sediment Concentration in Various Work Units of Lavij Watershed
M.R Javadi tabalvandani S.A Gholami جعفر Dastorani

In this study Run off and sediment generated from rain fall simulator was investigated in lavij watershed. In this order٬slope-Lithology- geomorphology and Land use maps were intersected and then, work units map was prepared. Then, in each Work unit's tree run off and s More

In this study Run off and sediment generated from rain fall simulator was investigated in lavij watershed. In this order٬slope-Lithology- geomorphology and Land use maps were intersected and then, work units map was prepared. Then, in each Work unit's tree run off and sediment sampling was created by Rainfall simulator. Results show that٬ the Maximum potential of runoff generation was approved ٬in work unit of number fifteen with range land and 15-30% slop, also the Maximum potential of Sediment suspended production was approved ٬in work unit of number teen with range land and 15-30% and shemshak formation. The minimum run off and suspende sediment production were approved in work unit number one with range land and 12-15% and Elika formation.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

171 - Synthesis of teachers' knowledge management research Taken from databases in the time period (1389 to 1401) and (2010 to 2023).
Ali Mazlomi Hossein Momeni Mahmoui

10/jtihr.2023.1985832.1158

The purpose of research is knowledge management; The method of this research is qualitative and research synthesis, the statistical population, numerous studies that have been conducted in domestic and foreign articles, and the database in the time period of 1389-1401 a More

The purpose of research is knowledge management; The method of this research is qualitative and research synthesis, the statistical population, numerous studies that have been conducted in domestic and foreign articles, and the database in the time period of 1389-1401 and 2010-2023 AD, the number of 123 articles selected through content analysis, categorization And the number of articles (28 foreign sources and 95 domestic sources) that were eligible for the study were examined, and finally the articles were extracted for re-reading, coding of their indicators and concepts, and selected as a statistical sample through purposive sampling. took In order to collect the required information, the checklist made by the researcher was used to report and record the primary research information, which was collected through searching with different keywords and related to the purpose of the research. For the analysis, the 6-step synthesis model was used. Roberts' research was used to check the data reliability of the presented framework, in the field of study, 4 criteria; Believability, transferability, reliability and confirmability were used. And the result of the inductive and combined content analysis of the categories is the extraction of a conceptual framework in the field of knowledge management, which is based on the axes of behavior, social, cultural, mental, motivation, transformation and development, self-centeredness, technology and strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

172 - جایگاه و نقش مکتب کوفه در بنیان‌گذاری و شکوفایی علمی در تمدن اسلامی ( از ورود امام علی (ع) تا تاسیس حوزه علمی بغداد )
احمد رضا بهنیافر

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173 - زندگی علمی وجایگاه آخوند خراسانی در زعامت حوزه علمیه نجف
دکتر امیرتیمور رفیعی محمد وزین

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Open Access Article

174 - طراحی مدل شایستگی مدیران حوزه سلامت وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی
ایمان وکیل زاده علیرضا منظری توکلی رستم پور رشیدی امین نیک پور

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Open Access Article

175 - Factors Affecting Agricultural Exports in ECO Countries
Hamed Najafi Alamdarloo seyed Abolghasem Mortazavi Katayun Shemshadi

Agriculture is an important part of the economy having a significant role in exports of any country. On the other hand, the economic integration leads to the increase of trading and income of member states. In this paper, the fact More

Agriculture is an important part of the economy having a significant role in exports of any country. On the other hand, the economic integration leads to the increase of trading and income of member states. In this paper, the factors affecting agricultural exports in ECO countries will be studied by using Panel Approach during 1992-2010. The findings present that Export Price Index, GDP and exchange rates have a positive effect and exchange rate fluctuations and population have a negative effect on agricultural exports. So, it is recommended that, for improving agricultural exports, GDP and exchange rate should be increased. In addition, by decreasing the fluctuation in exchange rate, the negative effects will be controlled. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

176 - The Impacts of Regional and Global Integration on Foreign Direct Investment Inflow- Case Study of Persian Gulf Countries
seyed komeil Tayebi Batool Rafat Elham Nagheli Behrouz Sadeghi Amr abadi

The trade and investment relations have expanded substantially in globalization process among most developed and developing countries. The development has implemented in form of regional and global integrations affecting differently economies worldwide. The objective of More

The trade and investment relations have expanded substantially in globalization process among most developed and developing countries. The development has implemented in form of regional and global integrations affecting differently economies worldwide. The objective of this paper is to explore the effect of such integration on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in where countries where locate in the Persian Gulf, which are mostly oil producing. To this end, a panel econometric model has been specified and estimated using cross-section data of the selected countries in the region during 2001-2008. The empirical results indicate that regional trade integration leads the countries to increase FDI inflows, while they are faced with the inverse effects of discrepancies in culture and language on attracting FDI. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

177 - Evaluating the Effectiveness of Research Activities in Islamic Azad University Branches by Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
naghi shoja mohammad hosein darvish motevali

Abstract Given that the mission of Research Department of all universities and research institutions is to write and edit the research activities and develop or produce new sciences and change it into new technology, the evaluation of their research performance is ver More

Abstract Given that the mission of Research Department of all universities and research institutions is to write and edit the research activities and develop or produce new sciences and change it into new technology, the evaluation of their research performance is very important. In this paper, the performance of the research department in selected branches of Islamic Azad University is measured and compared in 3 periods during 2010-2013 by using without input model of DEA. So, 5 important research indicators are determined and considered based on DEMATEL technique. The Performance of the branches are calculated by a without input model of DEA and GAMS software and then ranked by Anderson-Peterson ranking method. During the first period, 4 branches including Takestan, Karaj, Firouzkouh and Varamin are efficient. During the second period, 5 branches Parand, Takestan, Roudehen, Karaj and Firouzkouh are efficient and at last, 4 branches are highly efficient during third period, naming Parand, Takestan, Qazvin and Firouzkouh. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

178 - Robust Digital Image Watermarking against Cropping and Salt & Pepper Noise using two-step Sudoku
Mohammad Shahab Goli Alireza Nsghsh

Several methods are exploited to watermark digital images as a safety measure for storing information, but an attacker can destroy the information by cropping a segment of the watermarked image or doing salt and pepper noise. In recent years, numerous schemes were propo More

Several methods are exploited to watermark digital images as a safety measure for storing information, but an attacker can destroy the information by cropping a segment of the watermarked image or doing salt and pepper noise. In recent years, numerous schemes were proposed that reduce the impact of such attacks. A new method has been proposed to confront cropping attack and salt and pepper noise that is carried out using two Sudoku tables. In this method, the watermark image is scattered in two Sudoku table layouts with different solutions and is watermarked in the host image with Least Significant Bit(LSB). Using this method, the watermark image is repeated 81 times in the host image, and to this effect the watermark image can be reconstructed using other segments when cropped or salt and pepper noise by the attacker. Both Sudokus used in this paper are in the classic 9x9 form and using this method, resistance to cropping attacks increases up to 98.8% and resistance to salt and pepper noise increase up to 80% Manuscript profile

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179 - Robust Digital Image Watermarking Against Cropping Using Sudoku Puzzle in Spatial and Transform Domain
shadi saneie Alireza Naghsh

With rapid development of digital technology, protecting information such as copyright, content ownership confirmation has become more important. In image watermarking, information of the image is inserted such that the visual quality of the image is not reduced and the More

With rapid development of digital technology, protecting information such as copyright, content ownership confirmation has become more important. In image watermarking, information of the image is inserted such that the visual quality of the image is not reduced and the receiver is able to get the required information. Some attacks such as image cropping, destroy the watermark’s information. In this article, a new watermarking scheme is proposed which is robust against tough cropping. In the proposed scheme, classic Sudoku table which is a 9*9 table, has been used. One feature of Sudoku table is that Sudoku's limitations cause uniform scattering of symbols or numbers throughout the table. In the proposed scheme, Sudoku table and both watermarking approaches based on spatial domain and transform domain such as DCT and DWT are used. Lack of using of soduko solution at the stage of extraction and finding correct solution to obtain watermark, is innovation of this scheme. Robustness of watermarking against cropping attack is up to 92%, which shows good and effective performance of the proposed scheme. Manuscript profile

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180 - Increased Light Absorption in CIGS Solar Cells with Plasmonic Ag Nanostructures to Increase Efficiency
Seyed Mohammad Sadegh Hsheminassab Mohsen Imanieh Abbas Kamali Seyyed ali Emamghorashi Saeed Hassanhasseini

Recently, environmental problems on a global scale has been increased seriously. To overcome these problems, Solar cells is important as an energy source and free from contamination. Due to the increasing use of renewables, the use of solar cells for obtaining energy is More

Recently, environmental problems on a global scale has been increased seriously. To overcome these problems, Solar cells is important as an energy source and free from contamination. Due to the increasing use of renewables, the use of solar cells for obtaining energy is growing. The cells convert directly sunlight into electricity by the photovoltaic. Photovoltaic energy research and development is generally done in two areas: cost reduction and increasing efficiency. The efficiency of thin film solar cells canbe increased considerably by coupling the solarcells with plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs). this study investigates, through meticuloussimulations, the effects of plasmonic nanoparticle shapes and size on theimprovement of the energy conversion efficiency of CIGS solar cells. Two different shapes including spheres and cylinders were analyzed in this study.It was revealed that the cylindrical Agnanoparticles, of diameter 50 nm, height 125 nm place on an array with period 215 nm exhibited the most substantialenhancement in the optical absorption and electrical currentgeneration. The conclusion attained in this paper has been made throughoptical and electricalanalysis as well as near field imaging studies. Manuscript profile

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181 - Investigation of Using Anti-Reflecting Coatings in CZTS Solar Cells to Enhance the Light Absorption: Optimization by FDTD Method
Mina Mirzaei Javas Hasanzadeh Ali Abdolahzadeh Ziabari Mehdi Mirzaei

In the few past years, Solar cells based on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) are very promising thin-film solar cells due to their appropriate absorption coefficient and optical band gap, low-cost, non-radioactive and environmental friendly behavior. However, CZTS devices show poor eff More

In the few past years, Solar cells based on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) are very promising thin-film solar cells due to their appropriate absorption coefficient and optical band gap, low-cost, non-radioactive and environmental friendly behavior. However, CZTS devices show poor efficiency and identifying deficiencies and making improvements is necessary. In the present study, various anti-reflection coatings at the top surface of the solar cell were proposed. Minimization of the reflectance is carried out to optimize the thickness of ARC layers using Lumerical software. The density of the short-circuit photocurrent increases from 18.4 mA.cm−2 for solar cells without an antireflection coating to 36 mA.cm−2 for those with MgF2 layer coating. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

182 - Definition of Scatterer in Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Environment Using Image Processing Based on FDTD Method
Mahmood Falah Ali Reza Malahzadeh

In this paper, we implement real irregular terrain model in computer program by using image processing. We show how this approach can be used in simulation of E.M. wave propagation on irregular earth’s surface in a realistic manner. Some simulations are performed More

In this paper, we implement real irregular terrain model in computer program by using image processing. We show how this approach can be used in simulation of E.M. wave propagation on irregular earth’s surface in a realistic manner. Some simulations are performed for implementation of longitudinal height differences over the propagation path as PEC surface .We also describe that how this approach can be used for any boundary condition in computational space. The results observed in Snapshots of the field profiles taken at different simulation times, validates capability of this method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

183 - Study on improving living conditions of rural watershed for residents from the tourism and Eco-tourism projects
Mona Tariverdi Ghassem Habibi Bibalani Jalal Mahmoudi

Protection of natural resources such as forest, grassland is essential and should with all emprise. With regard to sustainable tourism can be a good tool to create the appropriate fields of economy such as income and employment, and can be relied on natural tourism. Thi More

Protection of natural resources such as forest, grassland is essential and should with all emprise. With regard to sustainable tourism can be a good tool to create the appropriate fields of economy such as income and employment, and can be relied on natural tourism. This study aimed to examine the positive and negative effects of tourism and Eco-tourism development on the conservation status of the watershed. The watershed covers an area of 14102 hectares in the basin of Northern Alborz (49) is located in the southern heights Chamestan section. The study population of indigenous people, tourists and the sample size was determined based on the formula 220. For this purpose, after field studies 3 3 questionnaire on the level of experts, locals and tourists on a Likert scale was prepared, sampling methods in this study was based on random sampling. Variables using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation coefficients were analyzed. The results showed that the success of tourism projects and partnerships between local residents and tourism projects and improve the livelihood of the residents of the study area. Manuscript profile

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184 - Comparison of exploitation criteria and acceleration of diagrid steel structures with tube system based on wind dynamic analysis
mehdi hooshmand Hassan Haji Kazemi Seyed Alireza Zareei

10.30495/civil.2023.1983329.1348

Considering the widespread use of diagrid systems in high-rise buildings, it seems necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. The purpose of this research is to compare the comfort More

Considering the widespread use of diagrid systems in high-rise buildings, it seems necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. The purpose of this research is to compare the comfort criterion based on acceleration in the diagrid system with the tube system. For this purpose, the effect of various parameters such as the acceleration of floors and base shear under dynamic wind load has been evaluated. It is expected that the performance of the diagonal network will be evaluated with a more detailed understanding of the diagonal network in tall structures and the evaluation of the performance and comfort criteria based on the acceleration against the wind load using the dynamic analysis of time history using Cholsky, ergodic and AP methods. Investigations show that the acceleration of the diagrid system floors, based on the ASCE7 wind dynamic response prediction equations, has exceeded the permissible limit of the ASCE 7 regulation of milli-g20. This article is due to the overestimation of ASCE 7 equations compared to the results of wind time history analysis. So, in the 50-story structure, the maximum acceleration of the roof obtained from the ASCE equation is 71.83 times the results of the dynamic analysis of wind time history, and in the 70-story structure, it is 2 times, and in the 100-story structure, it is 1.87 times the results of the dynamic analysis of the wind time history. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

185 - Dynamic Response of Bridges to Near and Far Fault, Forward Directivity Ground Motions
mohammad hajali abdolrahim jalali ahmad maleki

In this study, we assessed the performance of a concrete bridge under the dynamic strain of an earthquake in the near and far domain of earth’s faults. With respect to available data and showing the effects of key factors and variables, we have examined the bridge More

In this study, we assessed the performance of a concrete bridge under the dynamic strain of an earthquake in the near and far domain of earth’s faults. With respect to available data and showing the effects of key factors and variables, we have examined the bridge’s performance. The modelling of a double span bridge has been done in CSI Bridge software and has been compared and examined to assess the capability of a bridge under the strain of a close-to-fault-line earthquake and a far-from-fault-line earthquake. Timeline interpretation was done on the resulting models and from 7 records from the past earthquakes and it was observed that the close to fault line earthquakes caused much bigger displacements when compared to far from fault line earthquakes. Bridges which are separated by a quake separator, have an acceptable response to far from fault line earthquakes. This means that by disassembling these bridges, the acceleration rate on the deck, the cut of the base, as well as the relative displacement of the deck relative to the undivided bridge, is reduced. This issue is not reflected in the response of the bridges to faults near earthquakes. By investigating the record of near-earthquakes, it was observed that these earthquakes produced large displacements to earthquakes that are far from faults, which could make the isolation system more critical, so, to avoid this event, it FDGM should be used to reform the response these bridges have to the earthquake. Based on these results, it can be stated that the displacements near the fault and with the effect of progressive movement will be greater than the distances from the fault, so that for the ratio of different distances from the fault, the lower this ratio is, the maximum displacement of the bridge and the maximum cutting force will also be greater. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

186 - Evaluation of the Seismic Performance of Rocking Motions and its Effects on the Controlling Provisions of Special Steel Moment-resisting‎ Systems Dual with CBF Bracing
Ali Parvari Ehsan Azizi

In this study, 4-, 8-, and 12-Story steel special concentrically braced frame (SCBFs) structures were considered in area with high seismically hazard and soil type II according to Iranian's 2800 code provision. Structures are residential use and have regularity in plane More

In this study, 4-, 8-, and 12-Story steel special concentrically braced frame (SCBFs) structures were considered in area with high seismically hazard and soil type II according to Iranian's 2800 code provision. Structures are residential use and have regularity in plane and vertical distribution. Structures were modeled using Sap 2000 software to investigate the effect of self-centering &lrm;motion under seven near-field earthquakes. All models assumed with and without dual system controlling provisions. The results of this research indicate that without dual system provisions, considering the self-centering &lrm;motion in &lrm;4-, 8-, and 12-Story SCBFs&lrm; reduces base shear of structures in contrast with increasing deformation of top floor and column axial force. In average, the self-centering &lrm;motion&lrm; dissipate energy more than fixed base one. With controlling dual system provisions, considering the self-centering &lrm;motion in &lrm;4-, 8-, and 12-Story &lrm;SCBFs&lrm; reduces base shear of structures, whereas increases deformation of top floor &lrm;and column axial force. Moreover, in this case of study, energy dissipation are more than with controlling &lrm;one. Considering the self-centering &lrm;motion in &lrm;8-, and 12-Story &lrm;SCBFs&lrm; reduces base shear of &lrm;structures and top floor deformations, meanwhile column axial force&lrm; was increased. It can be seen that in &lrm;4-, and 12-Story &lrm;SCBFs considering code provisions had a better results, whereas in &lrm;8-Story &lrm;SCBFs &lrm;neglecting code provisions was accepted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

187 - Evaluation the Performance and Seismic Comparison of Steel Moment Dual Systems in Rocking Frames with CBF and EBF Bracing
Ali Parvari Arman Beglar

In recent years, considering vertical movement in structures, which is known as self-centering motion, is one of the methods used to dissipate the earthquake energy. In this study, 4-, 8-, and 12-Story steel structures with special concentrically braced frame (SCBFs) an More

In recent years, considering vertical movement in structures, which is known as self-centering motion, is one of the methods used to dissipate the earthquake energy. In this study, 4-, 8-, and 12-Story steel structures with special concentrically braced frame (SCBFs) and eccentrically braced frames &lrm;(SEBFs) &lrm;were considered in order to investigate the effect of self-centering &lrm;motion under seven near-field earthquakes using Sap 2000 software. The results of this research indicate that considering the self-centering &lrm;motion, the behavior of structures are changing in SCBFs and SEBFs. In &lrm;, 4-, 8-, and 12-Story SEBFs structures with considering the self-centering &lrm;motion, the column and bracing &lrm;forces were increased which this was different with SCBFs &lrm; structures. Considering the self-centering &lrm;motion, more plastic joints are formed in the beams. Therefore, in the self-centering &lrm;of the columns, the beams outside the bay are more affected. In general, the results indicate that the self-centering &lrm;motion is better in the SCBFs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

188 - Active Control of Structures Using Active Tendon Subjected to Near Field Earthquakes
Ahmad maleki rasool khodayari hosein yousefpour

This paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS s More

This paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS software based on allowable stress method then opensees software have been used for three dimentional modeling of structures. Considering the impact and frequency content complexity of new field earthquakes, these structures subseetes to new field earthquakes. The different softwares have been used to verify of structures modelling. In order to evaluation of frequency content of earthquake, all of records scaled to 0.6 g then applied to structures. Different dynamic analysis conducted using eleven near field earthquake records and then the results compared to non-controled model to indicate the effect of active tendons. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

189 - Influence of geometric functions of frictional pendulum isolator with variable curvature under near-field earthquake
mahtab ferasat

Frictional pendulum systems are one of the most widely used isolation systems. Frictional isolators are of the common type of the conventional isolators. Among this group, the frictional pendulum isolator has an important situation. Due to the advent of these systems in More

Frictional pendulum systems are one of the most widely used isolation systems. Frictional isolators are of the common type of the conventional isolators. Among this group, the frictional pendulum isolator has an important situation. Due to the advent of these systems in recent years, no significant research has been carried out regarding the design and analysis of this type of isolator. Therefore, in this study, an attempt has been made to fully study the behavior of frictional pendulum seismic isolators by examining this separator with variable curvature under near-field earthquake. In order to evaluate the seismic behavior of frictional pendulum separators with variable curvature, firstly, different geometric functions were selected for the non-spherical slip surface and the relationships required for their dynamic analysis were obtained. Then, a numerical model was presented to analyze the time history of the structure isolated by these isolators and the behavior of frictional pendulum isolators with variable curvature was simulated using MATLAB software. The results of this simulation for the three isolators including fourth order function (O4), sixth order function (O6) and FPS indicated that the frictional pendulum isolators perform better than FPS isolators. When structures are exposed to earthquakes with low intensity level (far-filed), the most suitable function to improve the optimal performance of an isolated structure is fourth order function and when the structure is subjected to severe earthquakes (near-filed), the sixth order function will perform well. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

190 - Comparison of Exploitation Criteria and Acceleration of Long Diagrid Steel Structures with Environmental Frame System Based on Dynamic Wind Analysis
mehdi hooshmand Hassan Haji Kazemi Seyed Alireza Zareei

10.30495/civil.2023.707070

Considering the widespread use of diagrid systems in tall buildings, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. According to different regulations, it is evident that there i More

Considering the widespread use of diagrid systems in tall buildings, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. According to different regulations, it is evident that there is not much guidance for the design of this structural system and its requirements have not yet been included in the design regulations. Therefore, one of the most important goals of the current research is to investigate and use the Diagrid structural system as one of the modern structural systems in high-rise buildings. Another goal of this research is to compare the performance of the diagrid system with the environmental pipe system. Accordingly, the effect of various parameters including the acceleration of floors and shear of the base under dynamic wind load has been evaluated. It is expected that the performance of the diagonal network will be evaluated with a more detailed understanding of the diagonal network in tall structures and the evaluation of the operation and comfort criteria based on the acceleration against the wind load using dynamic time history analysis applying Cholesky, ergodic and AP methods. The results have been compared with the formulas of the ASCE7 regulation and the AIJ-GBV-2004 and ISO 10137:2007 comfort criteria and the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). These investigations indicate that the acceleration of the diagrid system floors based on ASCE7 wind dynamic response prediction equations, has exceeded the permissible limit of ASCE 7 regulation by 20 milli-g (20Gal). This is due to the high estimation of ASCE 7 equations compared to the results of wind time history analysis. In such a way that in the 50-, 70-, and 100-story buildings, the maximum accelerations of the roof obtained from the ASCE 7 equation are 1.83, 2.07, and 1.87 times the results of the dynamic analysis of wind time history, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

191 - The Security Regime of the Caspian Sea after the Disintegration of the Soviet Union till 2009: The Obstacles and the Challenges
Hossein Ahmadi Darab Jalil Piran

With the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 the littoral states of the Caspian Sea got independence. These countries got a new and special geopolitics، economic، security and cultural position. The birth of the new states brought a change in international system More

With the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991 the littoral states of the Caspian Sea got independence. These countries got a new and special geopolitics، economic، security and cultural position. The birth of the new states brought a change in international system. The big powers and the littoral and contagious states also faced new problems. The presence of extra-regional powers like the United States and its allies like Israel، Turkey and Azerbaijan added to the complicacy of the problems. There are international issues which have its impact on the Caspian Sea region. These issues are the expansion of NATO towards east، the installation of missile defence shield in Eastern Europe with the aim of extension of their influence to the Caspian Sea region. The attitudes of Iran، Russia and China towards the developments of this region are among the important developments which have so far taken place. Some of the observers believe that a new cold war has started. The main question which the present article is raising is what are the obstacles and challenges before the security regime of the Caspian Sea region? The hypothesis of the article emphasizes on the point that the competition of the United States، Russia، China and Iran has created obstacles and challenge for the formation of security regime of the Caspian Sea security regime. The article is also examining the repercussions of these competitions on the process of formation of security regime of the Caspian Sea region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

192 - The Impact of Iranian Nuclear Program on Regional Security System of the Middle East (Persian Gulf) with Emphasis on Offensive Realism Theory
Masoud Jafari Nejad Fidafeh Madabadi

Abstract: In the past thirteen years the question of nuclear issue of Iran has become one of the important issues in the Middle East. Iran, the United States and the littoral states of the Persian Gulf are the actors who are concerned with security repercussions of the More

Abstract: In the past thirteen years the question of nuclear issue of Iran has become one of the important issues in the Middle East. Iran, the United States and the littoral states of the Persian Gulf are the actors who are concerned with security repercussions of the nuclear issue. The position of the United States and the Arab countries of the south of the Persian Gulf is opposition to peaceful Iranian nuclear program. The question raised by the present article is why the United States tried to emphasize that the nuclear program of Iran is a threat to the countries of the region and there existed security problem? The underlying hypothesis is that the securitization of the nuclear issue of Iran along with Iran phobia project can ensure the United States strategic interests in the Middle East particularly the Persian Gulf region. The impression of the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf region has also shaped on the basis of these propagandas. The present article examines the above issue within the framework of aggressive realism.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

193 - Explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health Research based on the Habermas public domain approach
Mohsen Niazi Elham Shafaiimoghadam nahid khodadadi

Today, the increase of social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this stu More

Today, the increase of social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health according to Habermas's public domain approach. The statistical population of the study was citizens living in the northern and southern regions of Tehran, and 550 citizens were randomly selected and surveyed. In order to measure social health, the Keys scale and the communication pattern scale were used and the phytonerpatric and Richie matching was used to examine the communication patterns in the family. According to the results of the study, there is a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the level of social participation and social adaptation of 0.13 and 0.10, respectively. In addition, the findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and citizens' social health with correlation coefficient (r = 0.14 and sig = 0.001). Accordingly, social interactions resulting from active presence in virtual social networks create a sense of participation and adaptation to one's own groups, thus strengthening and enhancing people's social health. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

194 - .Explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health (A Research based on Habermas’s public domain approach)
Mohsen Niazi Elham Shafaiimoghadam Naheed Khodadadi

. Nowadays, the increase in social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of th More

. Nowadays, the increase in social interactions among members of society through virtual social networks has provided a good opportunity to adapt and connect with others, create social participation, social acceptance and prosperity. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was, to explain the relationship between mobile-based virtual social networks and citizens' social health on the basis of Habermas's public domain approach. The research population of the study consisted of citizens living in the northern and southern regions of Tehran, of whom 550 individuals were randomly selected and surveyed. Keyes scale was used to measure social health,  and Fitzpatrick and Richie’s scale on communication patterns was used to measure the communication patterns in the family. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and the level of social participation and social adaptation of 0.13 and 0.10, respectively. In addition, the findings showed a positive and significant relationship between the use of virtual social networks and citizens' social health with a correlation coefficient (r = 0.14 and sig = 0.001). Accordingly, social interactions resulting from active presence in virtual social networks create a sense of participation and adaptation to one's own groups, thus strengthening and enhancing people's social health. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

195 - ارزیابی پایداری روستاهای حوزه‌ نفوذ شهرهای میانه اندام بااستفاده از روش AHP مطالعه موردی : شهر سقز
بختیار خسروی اسماعیل صفرعلی زاده هیمن طاعتی

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196 - عوامل موثر در تحقق پذیری حیات شبانه در برنامه ریزی توسعه پایدار شهری از منظر مخاطبان تهران و حوزه نفوذ
علیرضا صادقی بخش علیرضا استعلاجی رحیم سرور

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197 - نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در توسعه کالبدی سکونتگاههای روستایی مورد مطالعه سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان گرمسار
جواد عسگری علیرضا استعلاجی

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198 - بررسی خسارت اقتصادی واجتماعی سیلاب و روشﻫﺎی مدیریت آن (مطالعه موردی: حوزه نمرود)
فاطمه اسکندری نژاد اکتم مرتضی اف آرتوبلسکی موسی اف

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199 - بررسی تاثیر تغییر و تحولات سازمان سیاسی فضا بر رفتار انتخاباتی (مطالعه موردی: حوزه انتخابیه قم)
زهرا پیشگاهی‌فرد مرتضی فراهانی

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200 - تحلیل برهم کنش روستاشهری به منظور تعیین حوزه نفوذ ایلام
عظیم علی شائی احمدعلی خرم بخت عبدالرسول قنبری

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201 - بازنمایی تاثیر مذاکرات درکاهش منازعات وافزایش همگرایی کشورهای حوزه خزرمطالعه موردی ایران و جمهوری آذربایجان
دکتر عزت ا... عزتی شهلا حسنی

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202 - ارزیابی تأثیر ساختار شبکه ارتباطی حوزه شرقی طرح راهبردی شهر تهران بر تاب‌آوری شهری
فرزاد اناری ناصر اقبالی رضا مؤیدفر

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203 - An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city)
mohammad karim raesi Masuomeh Hafez Rezazadeh Maryam Karimian Bostani

the purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research sp More

the purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research space and the type of applied research. The results of Friedman test to investigate the impact of Nikshahr city on sustainability dimensions in the Cities of influence (Benet and Spake) showed, the physical and social dimension has the highest score (in Benet) and the environmental dimension has the lowest score in both cities. The results of the study of the impact of Nikshahr city on four dimensions in Benet and Spake cities using binomial test showed that the status of economic, social, physical and environmental dimensions are not the same in both Benet and Spake cities. To analyze the relationship between development dimensions, path analysis test was used, The results show a significant and direct relationship between developmental dimension. Finally, one-sample t-test was used to investigate the effect of factors and forces on reinforcement of small town of Nikshahr in order to enhance regional development. The results showed that the four components studied with a significant level of less than 0.05, are effective in strengthening the city of Nikshahr in order to strengthen the development of the affected areas. Manuscript profile

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204 - Rural Settlemant Service leveling System in Pasargad County
علی شکور فضل اله کریمی قطب آبادی

Rural services centers has a great role in presentation of required facilities and services to the villages that are under its governing; because these people in rural regions. today, organization of rural regions implemented in there levels of galaxy. Collection and fi More

Rural services centers has a great role in presentation of required facilities and services to the villages that are under its governing; because these people in rural regions. today, organization of rural regions implemented in there levels of galaxy. Collection and field and of course, positioning each of above places is performed considering the geographical position, population access, sub structural-relational network, political divisions and economic- social and cultural factors. Rural service leveling system in pasargad county is presented in this work. The research method is descriptive-analytical with development approach and the required data are collected using attributive and fields methods the data sources are census data, statistical yearbooks, Fars province villages identification cold and interview. The results show that in pasargad county, sa’adat shaher is as single rural glalaxy center. In this way a corrding to criterion of controversial is to identify 3 collection centers and 7 filed centers. Manuscript profile

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205 - Comparison of e-learning and traditional education on cognitive learning (case study: undergraduate physics students at the University of Kashan)
محمدعلی میرزابیگی علی فاطمیان

This study examines the impact of e-learning on cognitive learning (at different levels) and comparison with traditional learning in a university physics course Kashan. The research methodology used in this study was semi-experimental research design, the two groups pre More

This study examines the impact of e-learning on cognitive learning (at different levels) and comparison with traditional learning in a university physics course Kashan. The research methodology used in this study was semi-experimental research design, the two groups pre-test and post-test. For this study a sample of size n = 61, the total population was selected. To measure student learning, achievement test developed by the researchers with trustworthiness 0.81 , was conducted in two stages, before and after training. Independent t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results indicate that e-learning was effective in increasing students' cognitive learning..The results indicate that e-learning in enhancing cognitive learning in knowledge, understanding and application have been effective. But this method of learning is increasing cognitive levels of analysis, synthesis and evaluation had no effect. Manuscript profile

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206 - A comparative study of the attitudes of secondary school teachers and teachers' Hoze Elmye men to participate in family planning and social factors associated with it (case study: Shiraz)
حلیمه عنایت .. مسیحی کوشکساری

One of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developi More

One of the most important issues in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is population increase regarding the increase in world’s hygiene level. Today, this increase has been controlled in the development countries while it is a fundamental issue in the developing countries. The present study seeks to do a comparative investigation into the attitude of the male seminary and high school teachers toward family planning programs. This study used the survey method. It was done in Shiraz, Iran and the instrument was questionnaires. The sample consisted of 485 participants, 325 of which were high school teachers and 160 seminary teachers. The theoretical framework used in this study is a combination of exchange theory and Parsons, Action Theory. The findings show that there is a relationship between respondent’s job and the three dimension of attitude. This indicates a significant difference between the attitudes of the two groups toward participation in family planning programs. Also, there is a significant relationship between attitude dimensions and income. Manuscript profile

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207 - توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار: مورد حوزه آبخیز سد البرز، استان مازندران
احسان قلی فر عنایت عباسی غلامرضا پزشکی راد حسن صالحی عبدالمطلب رضایی

تحقیق حاضر با هدف توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار به عنوان یک نظام اجتماعی ـ بوم شناختی در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران انجام شده است. با مرور منابع، تعداد 148 شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار در ابعاد اقتصادی (بازارمحوی و آبزی پروری پاسخگو، قابلیت ارزیابی More

تحقیق حاضر با هدف توسعه و اعتبارسنجی شاخص‌های آبزی‌پروری پایدار به عنوان یک نظام اجتماعی ـ بوم شناختی در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران انجام شده است. با مرور منابع، تعداد 148 شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار در ابعاد اقتصادی (بازارمحوی و آبزی پروری پاسخگو، قابلیت ارزیابی ریسک و مدیریت بحران، و مدیریت مالی)، اجتماعی (مشارکت در امنیت و سلامت غذا، نقش تولیدکنندگان و سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد، بهبود تصویر آبزی‌پروری و مسؤولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی)، زیست‌محیطی (حداقل‌سازی اثرات آبزی‌پروری در سطح ملی و حداقل‌سازی اثرات آبزی پروری در شرایط زیست‌محیطی و تنوع زیست) و نهادی (توسعه محلی و مشارکت در تصمیم‌گیری توسط آبزی‌پروران) استخراج گردید. مؤلفه‌های استخراج شده با توجه به شش معیار در یک پرسشنامه با طیف پنج قسمتی لیکرت طراحی شدند. پرسشنامه طراحی شده در بین متخصصان آبزی‌پروری در حوزه آبخیز سد البرز در استان مازندران توزیع و تعداد 32 پرسشنامه تکمیل گردید. در بخش یافته‌ها، مؤلفه‌های استخراج شده به همراه شاخص‌های مربوطه با توجه به شش معیار مورد نظربا کاربرد فرایند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی رتبه‌بندی شدند. از میان ده شاخص آبزی‌پروری پایدار، ابعاد اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی به ترتیب در رتبه‌های اول و دوم قرار گرفتند. بنابراین به دست‌اندرکاران حوزه آبزی‌پروری پیشنهاد می‌شود تا در برنامه‌ریزی‌های خود به این ابعاد توجه کنند.  Manuscript profile

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208 - شناسایی و تبیین موانع کلیدی دانش‌محور شدن شرکت‌های دانش بنیان حوزه کشاورزی بر اساس روش نظریه داده بنیاد
منوچهر انصاری حسین جمور محمد حق شناس محمد کاوسی کلاشمی

در این پژوهش با توجه به اهمیت دانش محور بودن شرکت های حوزه کشاورزی در فضای رقابتی و پویای حاکم اقدام به شناسایی موانع دانش محور بودن این شرکت ها کردیم. در این راستا با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی برای جمع آوری داده ها با 38 نفر از کارشناسان و مدیران شرکت های کشاورزی موجود در More

در این پژوهش با توجه به اهمیت دانش محور بودن شرکت های حوزه کشاورزی در فضای رقابتی و پویای حاکم اقدام به شناسایی موانع دانش محور بودن این شرکت ها کردیم. در این راستا با استفاده از رویکرد کیفی برای جمع آوری داده ها با 38 نفر از کارشناسان و مدیران شرکت های کشاورزی موجود در پارک علم و فنآوری شهرک پردیس ، کرج ، استان اصفهان، استان همدان و دانشگاه تهران، مصاحبه‌های عمیقی انجام گرفت. معیار ِ اصلی برای تعیین حجم نمونه، نیل به نقطه اشباع نظری بود. تمامی افراد حجم نمونه موردمطالعه با رویکرد هدفمند و با روش گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. کدگذاری و تحلیل داده ها طی سه مرحله به انجام رسید و درنهایت، مدل پارادایمی موانع کلیدی دانش محور شدن شرکت های دانش بنیان حوزه کشاورزی شکل گرفت. براساس نتایج این تحقیق 5 عنصر اصلی درونی و بیرونی شناسایی شدند که عبارت اند از: ناکارآمدی بازار، موانع حاکمیتی-اداری، اتحادیه یا تشکل ناکارآمد، ضعف مهارتی و حرفه ای گری، ناکارآمدی درونی شرکت. Manuscript profile

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209 - تاثیر جاده سازی در ذخیره کربن آلی حوزه آبخیز کوهستانی در شمال ایران
کاظم نصرتی سعید جلالی

هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تاثیر جاده سازی در میزان ذخیره کربن در حوزه آبخیز زیارت میباشد. بر این اساس از 5 کاربری جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، جاده و آبراهه نمونه برداری و میزان کربن آلی هر کدام محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان میدهد جاده سازی عامل کاهش ذخیره کربن آلی بوده و میزا More

هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تاثیر جاده سازی در میزان ذخیره کربن در حوزه آبخیز زیارت میباشد. بر این اساس از 5 کاربری جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، جاده و آبراهه نمونه برداری و میزان کربن آلی هر کدام محاسبه شد. نتایج نشان میدهد جاده سازی عامل کاهش ذخیره کربن آلی بوده و میزان آن تفاوت زیادی در کاربری جنکل و سایر کاربریها دارد. میزان ذخیره کربن آلی در   کابریهای جنگل، مرتع، کشاورزی، آبراهه و جاده به ترتیب 143، 136، 128، 36 و 29 مگاگرم در هکتار میباشد. نتایج این مطالعه میتواند در ترسیب کربن و کاهش گازهای گلخانه‌ای مفید باشد. Manuscript profile

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210 - Analyzing the human resources' cyberloafing in the health field of Iraq with a mixed approach
Karar Abdul Kazem Saeed Sharifi Amer Ellami Mehrda Sdadeghi

Abstract Background and purpose: Human resources' cyberloafing has been recognized as an important issue in today's world with the development of the use of communication tools. The purpose of this research is to analyze the components of human resources' cyberloafing More

Abstract Background and purpose: Human resources' cyberloafing has been recognized as an important issue in today's world with the development of the use of communication tools. The purpose of this research is to analyze the components of human resources' cyberloafing in the health field of Iraq. Research method: The research method was conducted in two phases: qualitative (thematic analysis) and quantitative (survey). The research community in the first phase was all the published texts between 2013 and 2023, of which 250 works were examined as a sample and the validity of the research data was confirmed through an external audit. The statistical sample of the quantitative part was 156 employees of health organizations in Iraq who were selected based on Cochran's formula. Through the researcher-made questionnaire based on the first phase, the data of this section were collected. In the quantitative section, structural equation modeling and second-order confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of this section included 4 overarching themes including loitering behaviors, negative consequences of loitering, functions, and causes of loitering, 9 organizing themes, and 73 basic themes. Conclusion: One of the important issues that Iraqi health managers should pay attention to is the reduction of virtual roaming behaviors in order to reduce its negative consequences in the workplace. Manuscript profile

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211 - بررسی خصوصیات حوزه رسوبی دشت کرمان از دیدگاه زمین شناسی مهندسی
ایمان آقاملایی غلامرضا لشکری پور محمد غفوری محمدرضا امینی زاده

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212 - Citation analysis of resources used in the master dissertations of Chemistry at Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University and Shiraz University during 2002 to 2009
Abdolhossein Farajpahlou maryam zamani

Purpose: The present research mainly aims to survey M.Sc dissertations relevant to chemistry field in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran and Shiraz Universities during the years 2002 to 2009 in order to determine the most used scientific and information resources in surveyed disserta More

Purpose: The present research mainly aims to survey M.Sc dissertations relevant to chemistry field in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran and Shiraz Universities during the years 2002 to 2009 in order to determine the most used scientific and information resources in surveyed dissertations of these universities. Methodology: This research surveys 20320 bibliography resources which allocate to 244 M.Sc dissertations in chemistry (144 dissertations in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University and 100 dissertations in Shiraz University) through citation analysis method. Analyzing the data, we used the descriptive statistics including frequency tables, average, percentage and etc. Then we inserted tables and diagrams via Excel 2003 software and SPSS 11. Findings: Among 100 surveyed dissertations in Ahvaz Shahid Chamran University, it was extracted 6400 bibliographic resources (1/4 percent) belonging to Persian resources and (98/6 percent) to the foreign ones. The investigation on the type of bibliographic resources in studied dissertations relevant to Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz showed that totally the most bibliographic resources (84/7 percent) allocate to the journals with (84/7 percent). In surveyed dissertations of Shiraz University there are totally journals with (88/5 percent) in the first rate and the books with (8/7 percent). Conclusion: According to the research findings, the most bibliographic resources allocate to the journals. So, the core journals are identified on the basis of Bradford’s law. Averagely, each dissertation of Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz includes 64 citations and each dissertation in Shiraz University includes 96/6 bibliographic resources.   Manuscript profile

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213 - Biosystematic study of Cotonaster Medikus species in Iran( Hyrcanian province)
Zeynab Lotfi fahimeh salimpoor Fariba Sharifnia Maryam Peyvandi

10.30495/jdb.2022.1961682.1314

The genus Cotoneaster L. belongs to the genus Rosaceae. In the study, 17 plant samples were examined based on morphological studies and the nucleus sequence of ITS nrDNA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between all quantitative morphological t More

The genus Cotoneaster L. belongs to the genus Rosaceae. In the study, 17 plant samples were examined based on morphological studies and the nucleus sequence of ITS nrDNA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between all quantitative morphological traits. The studied species were classified into five groups. The pattern of species analysis based on morphological traits and molecular sequencing are very similar. There are similarities and differences between the studied species in terms of the studied traits. Molecular cladogram showed that the genus of Cotoneaster with consistency index (CI) is 0.68. Among some species of this genus such as C. pseudodiscolor and C. discolor, morphological similarity of traits such as leaf shape, density of lower surface hairs, and hairs on the fruit is observed, If it is genomically different and because it is not morphologically consistent with the description of the identified species of milk thistle in Iran and neighboring countries. Therefore, we consider it as a new species for Iran and define it as C. pseudodiscolor. In addition, the species C. morrisonesis and C. franchetti are a new record of this genus and have a separate cluster in their phenogram. , the present study is the first study in the field of genetic diversity in Iran (Hyrcanian province) using nuclear markers (ITS) in accurate species identification Is the first step in breeding this valuable taxon, which will be addressed in the present study. Manuscript profile

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214 - The components and indicators of the Islamic University in the thought of Imam Khomeini (RA)
Forozan Rezaivarmarzyar mahmoud sharafi

An Islamic university is a university where all the sublime Islamic values and Quranic culture, the best scientific thoughts, mental creativity, scientific innovations and intellectual products appear in the behavior and personality of academics as desirable social mo More

An Islamic university is a university where all the sublime Islamic values and Quranic culture, the best scientific thoughts, mental creativity, scientific innovations and intellectual products appear in the behavior and personality of academics as desirable social models. to be The purpose of the article is to explain the components and characteristics of the Islamic University in Imam Khomeini's thought, using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method in which data collected from Islamic sources and Imam Khomeini's menus are used, and by analyzing the findings, said; After the Islamic revolution and with the Islamization of universities, with the elements mentioned in Imam Khomeini's thought, such as accompanying education and refinement in Islamic universities, teaching and learning Islamic science... and also the characteristics of Islamic universities from Imam Khomeini's view includes; He knew the physical structure of the university, the administrative and managerial structure of the university... According to the mentioned points, it can be seen that universities have problems in almost most of the infrastructures. The development of global thinking, scientific mutual communication, political dependence that is rooted in scientific needs, and the creation of digital networks and scientific pluralism require that the educational structure of the country be changed. Manuscript profile

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215 - بررسی رابطه امنیت شغلی با اثربخشی فعالیت‌های فرهنگی در حوزه هنری
ایراندخت روشنی

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216 - بررسی نظری پاسخ حسگر زیستی نانوذرات طلا و نقره بر پایه تشدید پلاسمون سطحی
نسیم رضازاده تلوکلائی طیبه قدس الهی

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217 - ارزشیابی کتاب درسی براساس طبقه بندی اصلاح شده بلوم: کتاب درسی زبان انگلیسی چشم انداز 2 در کانون توجه
Maryam Mizbani Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei Mohammad Reza Talebinejad

10.30495/ttlt.2023.698908

این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی فعالیت‌های شنیداری، گفتاری، خواندن و نوشتن کتاب درسی انگلیسی دوره دوم متوسطه ایران بر اساس نسخه اصلاح ‌شده بلوم انجام شد. این مطالعه در واقع برای تعیین سطوح شناخت در چارچوب اصلاح شده بلوم در مورد چهار فعالیت مهارت های زبانی در این کتاب درسی انج More

این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی فعالیت‌های شنیداری، گفتاری، خواندن و نوشتن کتاب درسی انگلیسی دوره دوم متوسطه ایران بر اساس نسخه اصلاح ‌شده بلوم انجام شد. این مطالعه در واقع برای تعیین سطوح شناخت در چارچوب اصلاح شده بلوم در مورد چهار فعالیت مهارت های زبانی در این کتاب درسی انجام شد. علاوه بر این، هدف آن بررسی نگرش معلمان و دانش‌آموزان نسبت به این گونه فعالیت‌ها از طریق پرسش‌نامه محقق-‌ساخته بود. برای هدف اول، فعالیت‌های کتاب درسی و کتاب کار بر اساس کدگذاری‌های نسخه اصلاح‌ شده بلوم، مکان‌یابی، جدول‌بندی و کد گذاری شد. سپس فرکانس و درصد کدها محاسبه شد. برای هدف دوم، 130 نفر از کاربران کتاب درسی، 30 معلم و 100 دانش‌آموز پسر و دختر دبیرستانی به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب و بین آنها پرسشنامه توزیع شد. از آنها خواسته شد که در طول جلسات کلاس به صورت ناشناس به پرسشنامه ها پاسخ دهند. داده های جمع آوری شده از پرسشنامه ها به صورت دستی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج ب‌دست ‌آمده نشان داد که کدهای شناسایی‌شده عمدتاً در طبقه‌بندی بلوم تحت دسته‌های سطح پایین‌ترطبقه‌بندی می‌شوند، که نشان می‌دهد این فعالیت‌ها برای دانش‌آموزانی که فعالانه در سطوح بالاتر فرآیند تفکر درگیر هستند، سودمند نبوده است. همچنین نتیجه آزمون کای اسکوئر نشان داد که رابطه بین دو گروه کدهای سطح پایین و سطح بالا از نظر آماری معنی دار نبوده و کدهای به دست آمده الگوی منظمی را نشان نمی دهد. در مورد پاسخ به پرسشنامه ها، فعالیت ها، به ویژه فعالیت های شنیداری و گفتاری، مسئولیت زیادی برای یادگیری عمیق دانش آموزان نداشتند. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

218 - Ecological Assessment and Recommendation of Appropriate Zones for Recreational Activities along Karaj River Basin: Case Study on Shahrestanak River
L. Yadegarian A. Jozi M. Zebarjad

This study presents the appropriate zoning for recreational activities along Karaj river basin, with a case study on Shahrestanak River. Shahrestanak Village is located in Alborz Mountains and therefore is a high mountainous region. The Shahrestanak River originates fro More

This study presents the appropriate zoning for recreational activities along Karaj river basin, with a case study on Shahrestanak River. Shahrestanak Village is located in Alborz Mountains and therefore is a high mountainous region. The Shahrestanak River originates from northern slopes of 3930 meters high Tochal Mountain; it is 18 km long and its river discharge, according to annual statistics, is of the order of 30 million m3/s, which supplies Karaj Dam to a great extent. In this research GIS was used to prepare maps for extensive and centralized recreation zoning. Factors of slope, direction, height, soil, and climate were taken into account and classified for zoning of Karaj river basin. Results of the study showed that, 2.05% of the total area of Shahrestanak river basin has zones with adequate potential, 43.19% of the area has zones with relatively adequate potential and 54.73% of the river basin is potentially inadequate for summer intensive (centralized) tourism. Regarding winter intensive (centralized) tourism, 2.07% of Shahrestanak river basin area has zones with adequate potential, 31.67% has zones with relatively adequate potential and 66.27% of the river basin is potentially inadequate for this purpose. However, for extensive tourism, 13.16% of Shahrestanak river basin has zones with adequate potential, 88% has zones with relatively adequate potential and 17.36% of the river basin has zones with inadequate potential. As findings indicate, due to the mountainous condition and high altitude of Shahrestanak region, has a potential for extensive tourism and should be considered as a priority for the area. In addition, the zoning results indicate that only the river banks may have adequate and relatively adequate potential for summer and winter intensive (centralized) tourism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

219 - Study on some heavy metals contamination and risk assessment in muscle tissue of Rutilus frisii kutum and Liza saliens of Caspian Sea
R. Pourgholam H. Nasrollalahzade Saravi M. Rezaei S. E. Varedi

Recently, the ecology of the Caspian Sea has undergone with increasing development of human activities and industrial wastewater discharges. Heavy metal compounds are undegredable pollutants and are able to accumulate in the environment. They can affect the food chain a More

Recently, the ecology of the Caspian Sea has undergone with increasing development of human activities and industrial wastewater discharges. Heavy metal compounds are undegredable pollutants and are able to accumulate in the environment. They can affect the food chain and biological individuals such as fish species. 40 and 22 samples of Rutilus frisii kutum and Liza saliens were collected in central and eastern parts of southern Caspian Sea in 2008, respectively. All samples were analyzed based on standard methods using Atomic Absorption instrument (Thermo, M5 model). Results of this study showed that the amount of Zn in fish muscle of L. saliens was maximum (415.3±196.3 µg/g. dw). The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Hg in fish muscle of L. saliens were 10.85 ±11.02, 0.41 ±0.84, 2.63 ±2.67, 0.63 ±1.07 and 1.30 ±0.16 µg/g. dw, respectively. The concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Hg in fish muscle of R. frisii kutum were 0.40 ±0.46, 0.0132 ±0.007 and 1.26 ±0.75 µg/g. dw, respectively. 7 heavy metals were below the established limits of different countries. The pearson correlation analysis showed that between Zn and Hg there were a significant negative correlation indicating a decrease of Hg toxcicity with increasing Zn concentration. THQs for individual metals were lower than USEPA guidelines value of 1 in young and adults human. Thus, consumption of 6 kg R. frisii kutum and/or L. saliens per capita cannot be risky for young and adults consumers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

220 - Supervision of elections and electoral district system in America
zahra raqebi Ruhollah Rahami hamid zarabi

10.30495/alr.2022.1943557.2199

Background and purpose: monitoring of elections in each country is done in a special way; Based on the method and style of regionalization of the United States, which consists of many states, the method of holding a broad election such as the presidency in all states wi More

Background and purpose: monitoring of elections in each country is done in a special way; Based on the method and style of regionalization of the United States, which consists of many states, the method of holding a broad election such as the presidency in all states will not be in a specific way and in line with homogeneous policies. In America, special commissions supervise the elections. These committees operate under the supervision and guidance of the "Federal Election Commission" and according to the law of the Federal Election Commission, supervisory actions are mostly focused on advertising and election expenses, and even candidates' qualifications are not monitored.Method: The current research is documentary and library in terms of research tools and descriptive-analytical in terms of analysis method.Findings and results: The partisan and factional interests of members of the state legislatures can leave a tremendous impact on the political fate of the entire United States people with electoral districting. Of course, drawing the boundaries of electoral districts is considered part of the authority of each state, and although in 32 of the 50 American states, this task is entrusted to the state legislatures, whose final approval is often subject to the approval of the state governor, but in the rest The states have become independent institutions responsible for this, although the output of their actions ultimately requires the approval of the state assembly, but it is a positive step to prevent the zoning guage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

221 - Cognitive study of metaphorical verbs in Holy Quran
Ahmad Mohamadi Maryam Moradi

The subject of this research is the study of metaphorical verbs in the text of Holy Quran and their semantic nature from the perspective of cognitive linguistics on the basis of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphors. This method examines the relatio More

The subject of this research is the study of metaphorical verbs in the text of Holy Quran and their semantic nature from the perspective of cognitive linguistics on the basis of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphors. This method examines the relationship between the language of man, his mind and his physical and social experiences. Based on the contemporary theory of metaphor, a specific semantic domain is presented the context of an abstract-conceptual domain by experimental foundation mapping between the two areas of origin and destination. For example, the use of verbs such: “dominates” to express the abstract concept of “conquest”, the verb “extend” which is the spatial concept to express the abstract meaning of “time” and the verb “turning to” to express the abstract of “admission”. Considering the allegorical and metaphorical nature of the Quran’s language to facilitate the perception of spiritual concepts and the difficult meaning that could not be described directly to human beings, many of the verbs in Holy Quran have been based on human physical experiences of communicating with the world around them and providing areas for effective communication and perception of the verses. In this way, the study of the cognitive and conceptual domains of this verbs will provide new curable ways to achieve a systematic and precise semantic framework for the further perception of this spiritual treasures of human history. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

222 - جایگاه حوزة اقیانوس هند و تنگه‌های استراتژیک آن در فرایند جهانی شدن
زهرا پیشگاهی فرد نسرین خانیها

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Open Access Article

223 - اهمیت بررسی و مطالعه شهر و روستا در توسعه پایدار مناطق جغرافیایی کشور
علی اصغر رضوانی

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224 - Russia Influence in the Black Sea Region
Ruhollah Monem Arsalan ghorbani Reza Simbar

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Black Sea region was less geostrategically significant from a Western perspective, but it remained instrumental in shaping Russia’s concept of its “near abroad.” For Russia to achieve these long-t More

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Black Sea region was less geostrategically significant from a Western perspective, but it remained instrumental in shaping Russia’s concept of its “near abroad.” For Russia to achieve these long-term objectives, its supremacy in the Black Sea is a critically enabling factor. The unique geography of the region confers several geopolitical advantages to Russia in its confrontation with the West. As such, the Kremlin has sought measures to strengthen its hold over the region. Firstly, it has sought to weaken NATO’s ties to the regional states, working to drive wedges into these relationships, and using military force when necessary to stop the Alliance’s expansion. Secondly, it has been expanding its military capabilities in order to challenge NATO’s presence in the region and ultimately dominate the Black Sea.Russia has pursued highly aggressive policies in order to secure its dominance over the Black Sea region. What Moscow must bear in mind however, is that control over the region is not an end in itself, but the means to achieve a greater objective – to keep out NATO interference. In this regard, Russia’s measures have somewhat backfired. Concerned over Russia’s rising belligerence, NATO at the recent Warsaw Summit pledged to increase Allied military presence in the region. Besides strengthening Allied capabilities in the air, land, and sea, there will be increased allied visits to Romanian and Bulgarian ports, and enhanced inter-Alliance training and exercises. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

225 - Presentation Of The Pathology Model Of Co-operative Policy-making In The Field Of Co-operation (Case study: Tehran Province Co-operative Office)
Mojtaba Kazemi Rahbar alireza afsharnejad Zain al-Abedin Amini Sabegh Ehsan sadeh

The main purpose of the research is to present a policy model of policy-making in the field of cooperation. This research was mixed in terms of the nature of the data and developmental in terms of purpose. In order to achieve this goal, in the first step, factors and va More

The main purpose of the research is to present a policy model of policy-making in the field of cooperation. This research was mixed in terms of the nature of the data and developmental in terms of purpose. In order to achieve this goal, in the first step, factors and variables were extracted based on theoretical foundations and various internal and external studies through the content content analysis approach. In the second step, the Delphi questionnaire was designed based on the factors and variables identified in the first step, and distributed among experts, and based on the results, the conceptual research model was designed. In the third step, the analysis was performed using confirmatory factor analysis and through smart PLS software. The results show that: policy makers, policy structures and agencies, resources and facilities, environmental factors, evaluation and control, systemic corruption of pressure groups, related stakeholders, and the most important policy pathological factors, the most important pathological factors are cooperative policymaking. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

226 - Age Structure and Growth Rate of Perch (Perca fluviatils) in Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland
محمد وفاجوی دیانتی حسین خارا علی بانی رضوان اله کاظمی مریم صائمی

In this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was deter More

In this research, age structure and growth pattern of Perch (Perca fluviatils Linnaeus, 1758) from the Lahijan Amirkelayeh Wetland was studied on a monthly basis in a year. In total, 265 specimens were caught and the weight and length were measured and the age was determined by opercula and scaleand#39;s reading. The age data showed that the fish were between 2 + to 6 +. Male, female fish classified respectively in 12 and 13 length frequencies groups. The average instantaneous growth rate of perch showed that the age groups 2 + to 3 + with 0.461 grew faster than other groups and slowest growth belonged to age groups of 5 + to 6 + with 0.231. Condition factor of specimens showed that the highest one with 2.49 (r 2= 0.938) belong to female and the lowest one with 1.06 (r2= 0.944) belong to male fish. Pauliand#39;s applied growth pattern showed almost an isometric growth for total, male, and female fish and tendency to positive allometric growth. Total sex ratio (178 male to 78 female) showed a significant difference. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

227 - بررسی رابطه بین اندازه دولت و رشد اقتصادی کشورهای حوزه‌ی دریای خزر
سید علی پایتختی اسکویی کرم جعفری پرویز خانلو

چکیده     دولت و نقش آن در اقتصاد به لحاظ تاثیر گذاری بر فعالیت های بخش خصوصی وایجاد واجرای قوانین ومقررات و فراهم نمودن محیط کسب وکار مناسب از اهمیت خاصی در مباحث اقتصادی برخودار است. در این پژوهش اثر اندازه دولت بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای حوزه دریای خزر در More

چکیده     دولت و نقش آن در اقتصاد به لحاظ تاثیر گذاری بر فعالیت های بخش خصوصی وایجاد واجرای قوانین ومقررات و فراهم نمودن محیط کسب وکار مناسب از اهمیت خاصی در مباحث اقتصادی برخودار است. در این پژوهش اثر اندازه دولت بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای حوزه دریای خزر در طول سالهای 1994 تا 2012 با روش پانل دیتا مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان می دهد که اندازه دولت تاثیر مستقیم و معنادار بر رشد اقتصادی دارد، در حالی که توان دوم اندازه دولت تاثیر منفی و معنادار بر رشد اقتصادی دارد. همچنین رشد تشکیل سرمایه ثابت و رشد نیروی کار هر دو تاثیر مثبت و معنادار بر رشد اقتصادی داشتهاند.  Manuscript profile

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228 - Precipitation-runoff Simulation with Neural Network(Case study: Nasa Bam Plain)
mehdi shahrokhi sardoo mojtaba jafari kermanipour

Short-term runoff forecasting is of particular importance due to its direct relationship with how managers interact with life risks caused by floods. In this research, by using artificial neural networks, simulation of rainfall-runoff process has been done on a daily ba More

Short-term runoff forecasting is of particular importance due to its direct relationship with how managers interact with life risks caused by floods. In this research, by using artificial neural networks, simulation of rainfall-runoff process has been done on a daily basis in the Nasa Bam watershed. In order to predict the future process of using the water resources of the mentioned plain, different combinations of rainfall and temperature data and discharge and discharge difference of two consecutive days were used. The number of hidden layer neurons in the neural network varied between 2 and 10 neurons. The statistical criteria of root mean square error RMSE, mean absolute value of error MAE and correlation coefficient R were used to evaluate and compare the performance of neural networks in runoff forecasting. The results showed that by having 2 inputs and feedforward neural network or 1 input and newrbe network, the best performance was achieved and the rainfall-runoff process was predicted with higher accuracy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

229 - Development Strategies of the Iranian Fencing Federation Based on the AHP-SCORE Approach
kimya bagherzadeh alireza elahi fazloah bagherzadeh nazanin rasekh

The purpose of this study was to develop strategies for the Iranian Fencing Federation based on the AHP-SCORE approach. The present research is purpose-based, applied; Based on strategy, it is a combination (qualitative-quantitative) and based on implementation path, it More

The purpose of this study was to develop strategies for the Iranian Fencing Federation based on the AHP-SCORE approach. The present research is purpose-based, applied; Based on strategy, it is a combination (qualitative-quantitative) and based on implementation path, it is based on strategic studies. Using library studies, review of upstream documents and opinions of the Strategic Council of the Fencing Federation, key areas of performance for the Fencing Federation were identified. Using library methods and the views of the Strategic Council, the internal and external environment of the federation was analyzed separately for key areas. Then, for each of the key areas of performance, the quality expectations or goals of the federation in each area were identified and prioritized. Based on the obtained environmental analysis, the strategies were identified and all of them were prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

230 - بازنمایی اهمیت، نقش و جایگاه حوزه علمیه ری در تاریخ کلام امامیه
محمد حسن نادم

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231 - The Role of the Institution of Shia Authority and Clergy in the Constitutionalist Discourse of Iran
mohammad Bidgoli صادق زیبا کلام

In spite of the foundational foundations of religion and state, with the advent of the Safavid dynasty as the first national government in Iran that led to the interconnection of religion and state, the foundations of the monarchy enjoyed religious legitimacy, and the c More

In spite of the foundational foundations of religion and state, with the advent of the Safavid dynasty as the first national government in Iran that led to the interconnection of religion and state, the foundations of the monarchy enjoyed religious legitimacy, and the clerics and scholars of Shia also play a fundamental role in promoting the Shia culture , The foundation for the practice of Shia jurisprudential laws and regulations, the restoration of good faith and the prohibition of denial, the provision of public goods and the defense of the rights of the people, and finally the deepening and expansion of scientific discussions in all major Islamic and Islamic civilizations; Where the clergy could become the political force by establishing the authority of authority. Despite the tensions of this religion and the monarchy, this political force, with the origin of legitimacy from monarchy to Qajar period, continued its work in the public-political sphere of Iran, but with the constitutional revolution and the active role played by it, it was revisited in the discourse of Islamic renewal By providing a revolutionary modernization, alone, by creating a challenge to the royal system in the next Iranian revolution and in the form of a discourse returning to Islamic self. The present article gives an overview of the role of Shiite authority and clerics in the constitutionalist discourse of Iran through the documentary method. Manuscript profile

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232 - Investigating elements of the public domain in Habermas' thought
Mehdi Boustani Kamal Pouladi

PSQ-1706-1147

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233 - Localization of knowledge management categories based on the basic model of knowledge building In the artistic field of the Islamic Propaganda Organization
mahnaz khodadad fahomeh babolhavaeji Esmat Momeni n adjla hariri

Objective: Localization of knowledge management categories based on the basic model of knowledge building includes the following: Objectives, identification, acquisition, development, sharing, maintenance, use and evaluation of knowledge in the artistic field of the Isl More

Objective: Localization of knowledge management categories based on the basic model of knowledge building includes the following: Objectives, identification, acquisition, development, sharing, maintenance, use and evaluation of knowledge in the artistic field of the Islamic Propagation Organization. Research method: The research method was qualitatively based on the Delphi approach. The research population consisted of 21 knowledge experts and senior managers of the organization. The research data collection tool was a questionnaire based on a five-choice liquor spectrum, with a very small to very large scale. This method has been used to determine knowledge management indicators based on the model of knowledge building with the help of experts. The statistical population of this research in the Delphi section is made up of experts who are aware of the subject who were 21 experts including managers and people with artistic degrees in the field of art of the Islamic Propagation Organization. Purposeful and judgmental sampling method was used to perform the Delphi process. Findings: Since Kendall coefficient represents a measure of consensus of Delphi panel members, the findings show that knowledge identification category with a coefficient of 0.75, knowledge acquisition category with a coefficient of 0.1, knowledge protection category indicator with a coefficient of 1 with strong consensus, the category of knowledge development with a coefficient of 0.65 with a strong consensus, the category of knowledge measurement with a coefficient of 0.52 and the category of knowledge use with a coefficient of 0.55 with a medium consensus, the category of knowledge objectives with a coefficient of 0.33, and the category of knowledge distribution with a coefficient of 0/35 were consolidated and localized with weak consensus. Conclusion: In the category of knowledge distribution, the indicator of support for rules and regulations with an average of 9.4 is more important and in the category of objectives under the categories of determining the level and capacity of knowledge, determining goals and culture of knowledge, determining strategic goals of knowledge to describe and increasing the capacity of the need for future knowledge, the operational goals of knowledge in order to act the normalized knowledge of strategic knowledge with an average of 4.2 percent is of greater importance. Therefore, these subcategories need more attention. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

234 - The Determining human resource strategies in implementing the strategy in the field of health, based on DELPHI and AHP techniques
Mojtaba Moradi Farshad Hajalian Majid Jahangirfard Ali Mahdizadeh Ashrafi

The aim of this study was to determine the strategies of human resources in implementing the strategy in the field of health through qualitative-quantitative method. The statistical population in the qualitative section was a group of deans of medical universities and s More

The aim of this study was to determine the strategies of human resources in implementing the strategy in the field of health through qualitative-quantitative method. The statistical population in the qualitative section was a group of deans of medical universities and senior managers of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, and in the quantitative section were senior and middle managers of the staff of medical universities. In the qualitative part of the snowball sampling method, 20 people and in the quantitative part with the available sampling method, 20 people were selected as a statistical sample. Data in the qualitative part were extracted by performing Delphi technique with a semi-structured questionnaire in the first round and structured in the next rounds and in a quantitative part by performing a matrix questionnaire on a statistical sample and analyzed using SPSS and EXPERT CHOICE software. And analyzed. Qualitative findings showed that "human resource strategies" have six dimensions: and "strategy implementation" have three dimensions and nine components: There were structural dimensions, environmental dimension and behavioral dimension. The results of the quantitative section showed that in the strategies of supply and training of human resources, the component of macro environment, in the strategies of evaluating the performance of human resources and development and improvement, the component of the structure of the executive organization, in the strategy of compensation, the component of behavior In the employee participation strategy, the specific environment component has been of the highest importance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

235 - Investigating the performance of several frequency domain and time domain methods in calculating the dynamic parameters of a three-story structure using operational modal analysis
Mohsen Mahdavi Adeli Hesam Makvandi

In this research, a practical method for finding modal parameters in structures is investigated. At first, two methods in the frequency domain called FDD and EFDD frequency domain analysis methods and a time domain method called SSI are defined. In order to check the ac More

In this research, a practical method for finding modal parameters in structures is investigated. At first, two methods in the frequency domain called FDD and EFDD frequency domain analysis methods and a time domain method called SSI are defined. In order to check the accuracy of these methods in identifying the modal parameters of real structures, a three-story structure modeled in Ansys software will be used. This structure was modeled by Ansys software and the correctness of the model performance was confirmed by comparing the results of modal analysis of the structure with the results of experimental tests. The acceleration response obtained from the created model is given as an input to environmental modal analysis methods, whose responses are compared with actual results. It was observed that all three methods could estimate the frequencies, mode shapes and damping coefficients of the structure with high accuracy. It is also observed that using the SSI method is easier, but the FDD and EFDD methods need less time to solve. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

236 - Evaluation of Wavelet Energy for the Vibration of a Single Pile Embedded in Sand under the Effect of Near-Field and Far-Field Earthquakes
Navid Hasanpouri Notash روزبه دبیری Masoud Hajialilue Bonab Larissa Khodadadi فریبا بهروز سرند

Evaluating pile performance against seismic loading is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering. Various approaches are used in the evaluation of this performance, which can be referred to as continuous and discrete approaches. In the continuous appr More

Evaluating pile performance against seismic loading is one of the most important issues in geotechnical engineering. Various approaches are used in the evaluation of this performance, which can be referred to as continuous and discrete approaches. In the continuous approach, two-dimensional and three-dimensional analyzes can be used. One of the very important disadvantages that can be pointed out in the three-dimensional analyzes of piles is the increase in computational costs. Therefore, improving the accuracy of two-dimensional analyzes in order to reduce computational costs is inevitable. The present study has used Abaqus finite element software to evaluate the response of a single pile embedded in single— and double-layer sand under two earthquake records (far-field and near-field). The subsequent stage involved employing the wavelet transformation technique to analyze the signal derived from the pile cross-section. The present study utilized the acceleration time histories of the pile head as the input signal for wavelet transformation. The result showed that the wavelet energy for the pile head signal was higher in the near-field record than in the far-field record. The analysis indicated an 11% and 41% increase in wavelet energy for single-layer and double-layer profiles, respectively. This increase in wavelet energy is due to the significant increase in horizontal displacement of the pile under near-field records compared to far-field records. Therefore, by implementing signal processing analysis employing continuous wavelet transformation on the horizontal acceleration of the pile section, relevant information regarding the type of earthquake records that occurred at the site can be extracted. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

237 - Environmental evaluation with land ecology and landscape ecological approaches: case study of Kaleibar Chay, basin, Arasbaran, Iran
Mehrdad Akbarzadeh sasan Babaiy Kafaki jaber Davoodi ali Faramarzi

   This research attempted to find the best sites for development with ecosystemic and landscape ecological approaches. For this purpose, the case study was evaluated by each approach. After data collecting, quantity and quality criteria of the case study zone More

   This research attempted to find the best sites for development with ecosystemic and landscape ecological approaches. For this purpose, the case study was evaluated by each approach. After data collecting, quantity and quality criteria of the case study zone were quantified and became dimensionless and thereafter limitation layers based on Boolean logic were applied to the map and each approach. Regarding consistency matrices and acceptable errors and using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) principles and aggregative support system, criteria weights in every approach were figured out. Finally, using simple additive weighting (SAW) method, criteria were weighted in each approach. For development, the worked out results were sorted in four groups from high preference to low and then consequences were represented in one complex map and matrix. The complex map outcomes were confirmed by matrix diameter selection which was recommended in every approach. The results showed 4985.12 hectare appropriate areas out of 54872.3 hectares for basin development. In each approach, the most overlap was observed in the lowest preference. Manuscript profile

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