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Open Access Article
1 - Identifying and prioritizing success factors in E-CRM using OPA (Case study: Parsian Insurance)
Mahnaz Zarei Mahbubeh ShojayiNowadays organizations are extensively looking for ways to interact and make effective contact with customers. Internet technology (IT) make able organizations to attract new customers. it traces both customers’ online behavior and performance, besides, making communica MoreNowadays organizations are extensively looking for ways to interact and make effective contact with customers. Internet technology (IT) make able organizations to attract new customers. it traces both customers’ online behavior and performance, besides, making communications, products, services, and prices unique. The present study is aimed to identify and prioritize the success factors in electronic customer relationship management (E-CRM) through the use of the Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) in the central branch of Parsian Insurance Company. At first, the identified factors from related studies are validated by using the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM). In the following, the final rank and weight of each factor are calculated by means of OPA. According to the obtained results “existence of appropriate technical, communication infrastructures”, “allocation of needed financial resources”, and “support, commitment, and learning of top and senior managers” are determined as the most substantial factors in E-CRM success. In contrast, "capable of integration with other systems", "learning culture", and "existence of complaint system" are recognized as the least important E-CRM factors in the Persian insurance enterprise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Designing the Brand Equity Model and Forecasting the future process in Alborz Insurance Company with using a System Dynamics Approach
somayeh shafeiha Abbas Saleh Ardestani Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi Vahid Reza MirabiIn changing and dynamic world, the managers need to become sensitive to the dynamic uses of brand management. Have to look at marketing issues with a systematic approach to predict the effects of their decisions before occurring in the future by using an integrated tool MoreIn changing and dynamic world, the managers need to become sensitive to the dynamic uses of brand management. Have to look at marketing issues with a systematic approach to predict the effects of their decisions before occurring in the future by using an integrated tool. Brand equity is a source of competitive advantage that reduces the Company's vulnerability to crises and competitors, then, creating a strong brand and its improvement appears to be the ultimate goal of marketing activities, especially service businesses, which can improve and increase the rate of return on brand investment. The aim of this study was to design and analysis system dynamics of brand equity capable of simulating the effect of variables (brand loyalty, perceived quality, brand awareness, brand association) over time. In this paper, brand equity in Alborz insurance company was designed within a systematic thinking, and using the system dynamic tools, the behavior of variables was predicted on a 72-month by using of Vensim software. The main variables were initially identified. Then, their relationships were completed in the form of causal loops and accumulation- flow diagram. Finally, the model was simulated in the software. Then, through analysis of sensitivity and policy, a valid model by an improved policy structure was obtained, which was used to develop the brand equity improvement scenario. It was clarified in the best scenario that by changing the parameters, brand equity will rise from 61.7% at the beginning of the base year to 84.2% at the end of the simulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Effect of Cultural Components on Life Insurance Demand from the View of Central Insurance Staff of Iran (With emphasis on Futuristic views)
Niloufar Mirsepasi Hajieh Rajabi FarjadThe present study aimed to evaluate the impact of cultural components on life insurance demand from the view of employees of central insurance of Iran by descriptive-correlation method. The study population is all staffs of Iran central insurance in 214. According to th MoreThe present study aimed to evaluate the impact of cultural components on life insurance demand from the view of employees of central insurance of Iran by descriptive-correlation method. The study population is all staffs of Iran central insurance in 214. According to the latest statistics, the staffs are 513.A sample size of 220 is selected by Cochran’s formula. Simple random sampling method is used for sampling method. To evaluate effective cultural components on life insurance demand, a researcher-built questionnaire is used with the same title. Pearson correlation test and regression analysis are applied for data analysis. The results of study show that there is a direct and positive association between cultural components and life insurance demand. In other words, cultural components lead to the increase of life insurance demand. The results of the study show that futuristic views component has direct and positive association with life insurance demand. IN other words, futuristic views lead to increase of life insurance demand. Also, there is a direct and positive association between awareness and life insurance demand. In other words, awareness leads to the increase of life insurance demand. It is shown that there is a direct and positive association between reasoning and life insurance demand. In other words, reasoning increases life insurance demand. Also, the results of the study showed that reasoning, futuristic views and awareness was predictor of increasing life insurance demand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The impact of organizational structure and organizational climate in improving knowledge management through innovative behaviors (case study: Guilan Insurance Industry)
Sajjad Salehi-Kordabadi Alireza Rasa Hamidreza Rezaei-KlidbariThis study investigated the effects of organizational structure and organizational climate on knowledge management, and their relationship with innovative behavior is also studied. Since innovation is a critical tool for creating value and sustainable competitive advan MoreThis study investigated the effects of organizational structure and organizational climate on knowledge management, and their relationship with innovative behavior is also studied. Since innovation is a critical tool for creating value and sustainable competitive advantage in organizations and knowledge is one of the sources of innovative behavior, this study attempt to influence the organizational structure and organizational climate on knowledge management and innovative behavior in insurance industry. This study form the purpose perspective is applicable and form analytical techniques is descriptive and implemented. For data collection we used standard questionnaires to test the hypotheses. Finally, this study shows there is a relationship among knowledge management and innovative behavior with considering the role of organizational structure and organizational climate in Guilan Insurance Industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Designing the Brand Equity Model and Forecasting the Future Process in Alborz Insurance Company with Using a System Dynamics Approach
Somayyeh Shafeiha Abbas Saleh Ardestani M. A. Afshar Kazemi V. Reza MirabiIn changing and dynamic world, the managers need to become sensitive to the dynamic uses of brand management. Have to look at marketing issues with a systematic approach to predict the effects of their decisions before occurring in the future by using an integrated tool MoreIn changing and dynamic world, the managers need to become sensitive to the dynamic uses of brand management. Have to look at marketing issues with a systematic approach to predict the effects of their decisions before occurring in the future by using an integrated tool. Brand equity is a source of competitive advantage that reduces the Company's vulnerability to crises and competitors, then, creating a strong brand and its improvement appears to be the ultimate goal of marketing activities, especially service businesses, which can improve and increase the rate of return on brand investment. The aim of this study was to design and analysis system dynamics of brand equity capable of simulating the effect of variables (brand loyalty, perceived quality, brand awareness, brand association) over time. In this paper, brand equity in Alborz insurance company was designed within a systematic thinking, and using the system dynamic tools, the behavior of variables was predicted on a 72-month by using of Vensim software. The main variables were initially identified. Then, their relationships were completed in the form of causal loops and accumulation- flow diagram. Finally, the model was simulated in the software. Then, through analysis of sensitivity and policy, a valid model by an improved policy structure was obtained, which was used to develop the brand equity improvement scenario. It was clarified in the best scenario that by changing the parameters, brand equity will rise from 61.7% at the beginning of the base year to 84.2% at the end of the simulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysing the Market Orientation’s Effects on Economic Performance in Insurance Companies
M. A. Abdolvand, K. Heidarzadeh H. ManafiThe question of why some service organization are able to achieve superior performance continues toattention from both academics and practitioners. There are two key aspects to this question :1- what are the sources of advantages that are important in achieving superior MoreThe question of why some service organization are able to achieve superior performance continues toattention from both academics and practitioners. There are two key aspects to this question :1- what are the sources of advantages that are important in achieving superior performance in serviceorganizations2- and how are these sources of advantages converted into superior performance.In the service context, organizational culture and vision are particularly important. However, threemarket-related sources of advantages which marketing literature has largely focused on, are marketorientation, branding and innovation.Market orientation can be defined as a strategy used to reach a sustainable competitive advantagebased on the generation and use of information within organization, and on the selection of markets tobe satisfied. In this framework, we believe that competitive advantages results from the use marketorientation philosophy in an organization. Sustainability is achieved because the performance of themarket orientations’ behaviours requires complex organizational knowledge that cannot easily beimitated by competitors.Market orientation in an insurance industry is a business culture that is geared to providing ongoingsuperior products and services to the customers in that industry.The current work aims to analyze the effects of relationship and service – quality orientation andloyalty on market and economic performance and their mediating role in the relationship betweenmarket orientation and economic performance .In order to test the hypotheses proposed, an empirical analysis for insurance company was conducted.Therefore, the behavioural pattern of a sample population of Parsian insurance’s agents in Iran, and inrelation to factors influencing the extent of economic performance, were considered, so to correlate theeffect of each variable factor with the outcome.Within the context, both exploratory and practical research methodologies were utilized to arrive atconclusive data that in alliance with the structural equation model to effectively attest a meaningfulcorrelation between the outline influential factors and the real extent of the effect of market orientationon economic performance .This work integrates market orientation philosophy with relationship marketing and service qualityand loyalty as related drivers of the forms performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Study and Effectiveness of Marketing Mix (Service) on Customer Relationship Management (Especial Ref. to Insurance Industry )
V. R. MirabiInsurance industry is one of the most valuable industry in every society that causes development'scountry. Today in all developed country insurance plays an important role in development of countries, because they believe that insurance plays an important role in all pa MoreInsurance industry is one of the most valuable industry in every society that causes development'scountry. Today in all developed country insurance plays an important role in development of countries, because they believe that insurance plays an important role in all part of economy and bycompensation damages of doing economic and developed activities of society increase investmentmotivation. In other word, Insurance industry as a collection of economic agencies consider cost andbenefit and in optimum point should prepare the best services by the least of cost that it leads to fastermovement of country development . One of the characteristic of insurance companies is being it's vitalrole in financial matters that makes dynamic movements or changes in growing and developing capitalmarket , beside in they prepare security in all economic activities via corporation and using financialsources . In spite of fundamental and important role of Insurance industry in financial market , activeentities in this markets don't have cohesiveness and integration and they manage process traditionallythat causes effects on other economic parts. Insurance industry partnership in capital market in Iran incomparison of other developing and developed country shows that it can increased between 30% -100% . We can use marketing techniques to improve Insurance industry in Iran by considerationpotential capabilities in Insurance industry in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Study of Relationship Between Spiritual Leadership and Organizational Health with Mediating Professional Ethics (Case Study: Employees of Social Security Organization of Ardebil Province)
Naeeme Tazakori mohamad feiziThe aim of this study was to investigate relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational health with mediating professional ethics. In this study, employees of social security organizationa of Ardebil Province was the case study. Population of this study co MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational health with mediating professional ethics. In this study, employees of social security organizationa of Ardebil Province was the case study. Population of this study consists of all social security employees in Ardabil Province (N=340). Random sampling was used and based on the Cochran Table, 181 participants were chosen. This study was done twofolds: first, research and second theoretical. In theoretical part, needed information was collected by library method and in research sector, data were collected by surveying. In order to analyze data, SPSS and Lisrel software were used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between spiritual leadership compoentents (perspective, membership, organizational commitment, performance feedback and altruism) with organizational health with mediating professional ethics. Based on the findings, it is recommended to consider spiritual leadership as one of the factors can affect organizational health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Investigating the effect of organizational policies on employee creativity with respect to the mediating role of professional commitment (Case study: Iran Insurance in Tehran)
Majid Ramezan Dina ZolfaghariToday's society is an organizational society.The optimal use of available resources and politics in an organization is the common point of view of all experts in management science.It depends on various factors, including having satisfied employees, having a professiona MoreToday's society is an organizational society.The optimal use of available resources and politics in an organization is the common point of view of all experts in management science.It depends on various factors, including having satisfied employees, having a professional commitment.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organizational insurance policies of Iran Insurance in Tehran and the creativity of its employees, by acting as a mediator of professional commitment in this regard.The method of the present study was descriptive-analytical in which standard questionnaires of organizational policies, employee creativity and professional commitment were distributed among 234 experts of Iran Insurance Company (according to the statistical population of 600 people) in the head office of Tehran. Data of this questionnaire were collected and analyzed by regression and using SPSS software;Findings showed that organizational policies inadvertently affect employee creativity with a negative path coefficient of 0.63 and professional commitment with a negative path coefficient of 0.57.Also, professional commitment with a coefficient of +0.11 has a positive effect on employee creativity.Therefore, the study concludes that professional commitment acts as a moderator in the effect of organizational policy on employee creativity and inverts the inverse relationship between these two components Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The role of development of privatization on financial growth of insurance companies in Iran
zeynolAbedin amini sabegh zahra gachpazianBachground: The research aimed to investigate reducing the government's role in the management and ownership of insurance companies and shows the impact of it on the profitability and financial growth of this companies in Iran. Goal: The aim is to evaluate the relation MoreBachground: The research aimed to investigate reducing the government's role in the management and ownership of insurance companies and shows the impact of it on the profitability and financial growth of this companies in Iran. Goal: The aim is to evaluate the relationship between development of privatization and profitability of insurance companies. Research Methodology: Statistical population of this research includes insurance companies established in the years between 2009 and 2014. Ratios of insurance penetration rate, returns of invested capital and capital structure have been used to measure the independent variables. Returns of stockholders' equity and returns of assets have been used to measure profitability as the dependent variable. The hypotheses were tested by using Eviews software. research findings: To test the hypotesis we represnted the model that based on it we measured the existence and type of the relationship between development of privatization and profitability variables. The results of research shows that the relationship exictence between privatization and its variables with profitability variables. Conclusion: Decrease the government's role in the management and ownership, implementation of privatization, diversification insurance tools and increased insurance culture in order to expand the activity and profitability of insurance companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Identifying the effect of economic uncertainty factors on the performance of insurance joint stock companies
Ali Zamiri Mahnaz RabieeBackground: The main problem of this study is to identify the effect of economic uncertainty factors on the performance or profit of the insurance company. One of the important goals that institutions pursue is to create more efficiency in allocating resources. Therefor MoreBackground: The main problem of this study is to identify the effect of economic uncertainty factors on the performance or profit of the insurance company. One of the important goals that institutions pursue is to create more efficiency in allocating resources. Therefore, paying attention to the effects of these uncertainties and the overall macroeconomic environment on the financial system is of particular importance. If these uncertainties lead to deviations in the portfolio and credit behavior of institutions, it can leave negative effects on the efficiency of the country's economic system. Research method: The method of this study is quantitative-survey type. The statistical population of the research is managers and employees of the insurance company, of which 415 people were selected as a sample and the data required for the research was given in the conceptual model. The independent variable is the factors of economic uncertainty, for its calculation, macroeconomic variables include economic growth rate, inflation rate, and unemployment rate, and the dependent variable of insurance performance was measured with three indices: profit margin, asset return, and customer satisfaction. In this research, in order to test the hypotheses in the inferential statistics section, structural equations using pls and sem methods were used. be The data from 1394 to 1397 are considered for macroeconomic variables. Findings: The results showed that macroeconomic variables (growth rate, inflation rate, unemployment rate) have a significant effect on the performance of the insurance industry, and non-financial variables (political stability, independence of insurance companies from the government) have a significant effect on the performance of the insurance industry. you have Results: The insurance industry is one of the indicators of development and is considered as one of the most important economic institutions that supports the activities of other institutions. The increase in the instability of the exchange rate and the uncontrollable financial and economic monetary policies will disrupt the existing order in the market and create financial crises. External reactions in this type of financial crisis include disruption in cash flow and accumulation of arrears by bank and insurance joint-stock companies. Since macroeconomic factors affect the profitability of insurance companies, creating a favorable macroeconomic environment can be effective in reducing the effect of shocks, and reforming the structure of insurance companies can reduce the vulnerability and losses of these companies against fluctuations. exchange rate and other macroeconomic variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Impact of Social, Cultural and Economic Capitals on the Tendency to Insurance Violations of Employers in Isfahan Province
daryoush hadimoghaddam mansour haghighatian reza esmailiBackground: Social security is one of the most important indicators of social and economic development of a country and national security depends on the sustainability and protection of the resources of this fund. Insurance violations are one of the most important threa MoreBackground: Social security is one of the most important indicators of social and economic development of a country and national security depends on the sustainability and protection of the resources of this fund. Insurance violations are one of the most important threats of this organization and have turned it into a social issue. Objective: To investigate the effect of social, cultural and economic capital on the tendency of employers to insure violations in the field of work and occupation in Isfahan province. Method: In terms of practical purpose and in terms of descriptive-survey nature, the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on five-choice questions. The statistical population of all employers in Isfahan province (n = 105777) and based on Cochran's formula was estimated at 5% error level and the sample population was 382 people by simple random sampling method without alternatives. Regression models were performed using Amos 24 software. Results: According to the research results, 33% of the variance of the dependent variable (tendency to insurance violations) is explained by the independent variable (social capital), 18% by the independent variable (cultural capital) and 2% by the independent variable (economic capital). Conclusion: Social capital and cultural capital are effective on the tendency of employers' insurance violations, but economic capital is not effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Evaluating Forecasting ability of Stock Price by Grey Models, Static and Dynamic Neural Networks (Case Study: Insurance Companies of Tehran Stock Exchange)
Hanif Heidari Seyed Rohollah Ahmadi Haji Abadi Mahboubeh Faghih Mohammadi JalaliPredicting stock price is an important issue in both theoretical and practical aspects. Researchers develop prediction methods to get more accurate forecasting and investors try to find best investing program which depends on future prediction of their markets. The aim MorePredicting stock price is an important issue in both theoretical and practical aspects. Researchers develop prediction methods to get more accurate forecasting and investors try to find best investing program which depends on future prediction of their markets. The aim of this paper is comparing artificial neural network (ANN), nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model (NARX) and grey model (GM) for predicting stock price. The stock prices of insurance companies in Tehran Stock Exchange are considered in the period 7-10-2009- 9-10-2017. The variables 5 days simple moving average (MA-5), 20 days simple moving average (MA-20), moving average convergence divergence (MACD), gold price, oil price and exchange rate are considered for the prediction. Based on these variables, the models GM(1,1), GM(1,4) and GM(1,7) are selected for the prediction. The results show that ANN and NARX are in the same performance level while grey models have lower performance. The numerical simulations demonstrate that ANN and NARX provide reasonably good prediction with the average error RSME=2.04. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Evaluating and classifying the insurers risk in the insurance industry using data envelopment analysis
Seyyedeh Nasim Shobeiri Mohsen Rostamy- Malkhalifeh Hashem Nikoomaram Mohammadreza Miri LavasaniOne of the most important factors for the economic development of countries is the insurance industry.A closer look at the economies of Developed Countries shows that the insurance industry has a significant contribution in the economic development of these countries. T MoreOne of the most important factors for the economic development of countries is the insurance industry.A closer look at the economies of Developed Countries shows that the insurance industry has a significant contribution in the economic development of these countries. The insurance industry needs to accept the risk in order to carry out any insurance activity. In the other word, the insurance companies create tranquillity in the society by accepting the risk. On the other hand, the insurance companies need to access to the powerful risk analysis tools in order to manage the potential risks. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of the most important techniques to identify the risk resources. Hence, data envelopment analysis is widely used in the insurance industry. This study uses the dataset of the car insurance policies of Saman Insurance Company during the years 2018-2019. First, we identify the effective indicators and examine the properties of these indicators to classify them into input and output groups. Finally, we use data envelopment analysis to propose a model for predictionthe risk of insurers (in terms of existence of damage risk or absence of damage risk). This model can be used in the future policies of the insurance company. For example, the insurance companies can use the results of data envelopment analysis to adjust the premiums received from different insurers and increase the satisfaction for insurers and their profitability by creating a rating system based on the insurers 'risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Presentation of a Two Stages Model Based on Data Mining for Evaluation of Common Customers of Bank and Insurance Companies
Hamidreza Amir hasankhani abbass toloie Alireza poorebrahimi reza radfarExploration of knowledge from database and data mining is one of the most important tools for customer relationship management Which can help the organization to find useful information or their interesting knowledge. Today, banks and insurance companies have numerous a MoreExploration of knowledge from database and data mining is one of the most important tools for customer relationship management Which can help the organization to find useful information or their interesting knowledge. Today, banks and insurance companies have numerous and extensive databases that contain information about exchanges and other details related to their customers. Valuable business information can be retrieved from these data warehouses. However, support for such analyzes and decision-making will not be possible using traditional reporting languages. Therefore, considering the importance of the common customer’s information of the bank and insurance, they should be analyzed as carefully as possible. In this research, by collecting and analyzing the information of joint customers of the bank and insurance, a methodology based on the data mining is presented to evaluate customers according to their functional indicators in the field of banking and insurance. We will also predict the behavior of new customers by analyzing historical customer behavior using a two-step approach based on unsupervised learning and supervised learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Survey on the Fisibility of Substitution Catastrophe Securitization and Current Reinsurance in Iranian Insurance Industry
Kambiz Peykarjou hanieh davodiAfter 2004, Alternative Risk Transfer (ART) has been more popular in the Litriture of Financial Economics & Financial Management. For using ART, many Researches Pursue Resolution, which Minimize Claims of this Catastrophe, through Risk Distribution Cycle, or if any MoreAfter 2004, Alternative Risk Transfer (ART) has been more popular in the Litriture of Financial Economics & Financial Management. For using ART, many Researches Pursue Resolution, which Minimize Claims of this Catastrophe, through Risk Distribution Cycle, or if any Profitability, find Subsititutions of ART; such as Insurance. However, we study about this, by Estimating Nnon-linear relation between Claims of Catastrophe and Insured Risk Capitals(IRC), Accounting Loss Distribution Function(LDF), given Historical Data(HD) & using Monte Carlo Simulation(MCS) and then, Stimating Value at Risk(VaR) of Conditional Loss Distribution Function of Catastroph(CLDFC), which has almost Optimal Profitability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigating Risk Management Structure and Portfolio Management of Insurance Companies
Mirfeiz Fallah Shams Zahra MobarakiIn this study, we consider the relationship between insurancecompanies' return and risk, risk-aversion or risk-taking of portfoliomanagers investing for insurance companies. It was examined by meansof P/E measure. The performance of insurance companies has beenstudied b MoreIn this study, we consider the relationship between insurancecompanies' return and risk, risk-aversion or risk-taking of portfoliomanagers investing for insurance companies. It was examined by meansof P/E measure. The performance of insurance companies has beenstudied by applying combined portfolio performance measures. First, Themeasure of Sharp, Treynor, Jensen and P/E measure of Iranian insurancecompanies and central insurance were appraised in comparison withGhadir (irsnian Investment co. To test the hypotheses, we used the SPSS15 software. The results show:Portfolio managers investing for insurance companies are not risktaking.Insurance companies are risk-taking in comparison with Ghadirinvestment company and are neutral when compared with nationalinvesting companies.According to Sharp measure, portfolio managers investing forinsurance companies use the passive strategy in comparison with Market.According to Treynor measure, portfolio managers investing for Iraninsurance company are neutral, whereas portfolio managers investingcentral insurance company apply the active strategy meaningfully.According to Jensen measure, portfolio managers investing forinsurance companies are neutral in comparison with Market. On the basisof each studied measures, portfolio managers investing for insurancecompanies are neutral when compared with portfolio managers investingfor investment companies. Hence, the hypothesis was rejected.There is no meaningful relationship between investing portfolio returnand risk of Iran insurance companies.There is a meaningful relationship between investing portfolio returnand risk of central insurance companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Effects of Macro economic Variables on Life Insurance Demand (Case study: MENA Region (
کامبیز پیکارجو فرهاد غفاری فهیمه شاهانیIn developed countries a significant part of trade volume of insurance industry (over 50 percent) belong to the life insurance. The share of life insurance in insurance markets in developed countries, is considered as a degree of development in insurance industries in d MoreIn developed countries a significant part of trade volume of insurance industry (over 50 percent) belong to the life insurance. The share of life insurance in insurance markets in developed countries, is considered as a degree of development in insurance industries in different countries, therefore developing countries intended to review the factors that affect growth and development life insurance to be able to accelerate development and increase the input size of insurance sector of capital markets. This research assesses the effects of macro economic variables on the demand for life insurance in the selected countries by using panel data estimation method between 1999-2008. Results of this study show that all macro economic variables( inflation, interest rates, financial development, GDP per capital and employment) have significant effect on demand for life insurance in studied countries. It is obvious that financial development has minimum effect on purchasing life insurance in this countries, also there is no significant relationship between oil shock and the demand for life insurance in studied countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Relationship between Returns to Scale and Size of Companies using Data Envelopmment Analysis in Iranian Insurance Companies
Elham Sadeghi Mohsen Rostami Malkhalife Mohammadreza Miri Lavasani Mohamadhamed Khanmohamadi -
Open Access Article
20 - Quality of GP' Services Contracted with Health Insurance Organization in Tehran
Ebrahim Jaafaripooyan azamsadat RivandiIntroduction: Quality improvement is expected to enhance patients’ health and satisfaction, avoid recurrent visits and reduce costs. Thus, it is of importance for third party organizations such as health insurances. This study aims to look into GPs’ service MoreIntroduction: Quality improvement is expected to enhance patients’ health and satisfaction, avoid recurrent visits and reduce costs. Thus, it is of importance for third party organizations such as health insurances. This study aims to look into GPs’ service quality from the perspective of patients. Method: In present cross-sectional study, perspectives of 394 patients visited health insurance contracted GPs gathered by a researcher-developed questionnaire. Its validity and reliability checked and confirmed respectively by expert panel and Cronbach’s alpha (=α0.88). Descriptive and analytical statistical tests (SPSS) used to analyze and report findings. Results: overall score of patients’ perceptions towards GPs’ service quality was %78 and that of their expectations was %81.8, indicating a significant narrow gap (p=0.001). Conclusion: A need for improvement is felt following any gap between perceptions and expectations of service quality which should be addressed by managers. However, the limited gap can also be of concern for decision-makers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Comparative Study of Fair Financing in the Health Insurance
mohammad saadati ramin rezapour naser derakhshani maryam naghshiIntroduction: Fair financing contribution is one of the main objectives the healthcare systems in the world. Insurance system is one of the most common methods of financial protection against the cost of healthy people is considered. This study aimed to evaluate the com MoreIntroduction: Fair financing contribution is one of the main objectives the healthcare systems in the world. Insurance system is one of the most common methods of financial protection against the cost of healthy people is considered. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative insurance system in different countries were performed. Methods: This comparative study was conducted in 2017. First, a comprehensive literature search was conducted through relevant and valid databases and websites to extract scientific evidence. After the screening of findings, Data related to the fairness financing, including the out of pocket, catastrophic payment and fair financing contribution was extracted. Garden classification framework used to match the indicators with models of health insurance. Results: In countries studied, four model finance and insurance including: national health insurance (NHI), national medical system (NHS), social health insurance (SHI) and private insurance was used. France and Australia are the countries where the two models are used simultaneously. The lowest rate of pay out of pocket and catastrophic health expenditure for households in France (6 and 0.01 percent), which uses public and private health insurance model. Britain, Denmark, Canada and Germany, respectively, have the highest indices were fair participation in financing. Conclusion: According to the study it can be concluded that social insurance, national insurance and national health systems can have a good performance in financial protection of the population, So can say insurance system establishing a significant role in financial protection against the cost of people's health. Of course is to be mentioned for choose the model insurance countries should be based on infrastructure and resources available in every country so well able to play its role. Introduction: Fair financing contribution is one of the main objectives the healthcare systems in the world. Insurance system is one of the most common methods of financial protection against the cost of healthy people is considered. This study aimed to evaluate the comparative insurance system in different countries were performed.Method: This comparative study was conducted in 2017. First, a comprehensive literature search was conducted through relevant and valid databases and websites to extract scientific evidence. After the screening of findings, Data related to the fairness financing was extracted. Garden classification framework used to match the indicators with models of health insurance.Result:In countries studied, four model finance and insurance including: national health insurance (NHI), national medical system (NHS), social health insurance (SHI) and private insurance was used. The lowest rate of pay out of pocket and catastrophic health expenditure for households in France (6 and 0.01 percent), which uses public and private health insurance model. Britain, Denmark, Canada and Germany, respectively, have the highest indices were fair participation in financing.Conclusion: According to the study it can be concluded that social insurance, national insurance and national health systems can have a good performance in financial protection of the population, So can say insurance system establishing a significant role in financial protection against the cost of people's health. Of course is to be mentioned for choose the model insurance countries should be based on infrastructure and resources available in every country so well able to play its role. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Effect of Health Policy and Structure of Health Insurance on Referral System in the Urban Family Physician Program in Iran
farshad tavakoli amirashkan nasiripour leila riahi mahmood mahmoodiIntroduction: The importance of the referral system in the health system is very high so that it is stated that 80 to 90% of the first-level health care clients are diagnosable and treatable. Therefore, Referral system in the health system is very important so that it i MoreIntroduction: The importance of the referral system in the health system is very high so that it is stated that 80 to 90% of the first-level health care clients are diagnosable and treatable. Therefore, Referral system in the health system is very important so that it is mentioned that 80 to 90 percent of patients in the first level of health cares are recognizable and treatable. Therefore, modification of referral system can reduce greatly amount of specialist and supersonic referral of hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate on the Effect of Health Policy and structure of health insurance on referral system in the Urban Family Physician Program in Iran in order to improve and develop the first, second, and third level services of the referral system in Iran. Methods: The present study is a descriptive-correlation research. The policy makings conducted, as well as the status of the insurance system of different countries was extracted through systematic identification of the Urban Family Physician's referral system. Then the effects of these factors on the referral system were identified using a researcher-made questionnaire and statistical analysis of factor analysis and T test. Statistical population was included 400 subjects who were expert on family physicians at the national level. The Data Sufficiency was evaluated by the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin’s (KMO) test. Reliability of test was calculated and confirmed according to Cronbach's Alpha and Combined Reliability (CR). Also, the validity of the test was calculated and confirmed according to the average variance extracted (AVE). Results: The effect of proper health insurance structure and transparent financial rules on the referral system of the urban family physician and proper health system’s policy makings were proved through coefficients of 0.860 and 0.804, respectively. In the health policy factor, the most important variable is the question number 9 on supervision of the provision of services at first, second, and third level of referring in which factor loading is 0.774.also, in the insurance structure dimension , the most important variable is the question number 12 on applying restrictions in order to refer patients in the pharmacy clinic having in which factor loading is 0.793. Conclusion: It can be calculated that proper health insurance structure and proper health system’s policy play important roles for success and improving referral system of urban family physician. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Systematic Review of Studies on the Implementation of the Family Physician Plan in the Iranian Health System in the Years 2001-2020
mohtaram ahmadifard abdolreza shah mohamadi Mohamadreza Mohammad Tahari NAZMOHAMAD OUNAGHIntroduction: The complete implementation of the referral system and the elimination of its deficiencies is one of the important issues of health services in today's societies. One of the consequences of the incomplete implementation of the rural referral system is the MoreIntroduction: The complete implementation of the referral system and the elimination of its deficiencies is one of the important issues of health services in today's societies. One of the consequences of the incomplete implementation of the rural referral system is the costs that enter people's pockets and the system of a country. One of the main factors in completing the referral system, considering the large number of beneficiaries, politicians and executives in this plan, is how to communicate effectively among the many and different groups of this plan (doctors, insured, midwives, nurses, executive staff, staff The aim of this study is to measure the extent and manner of family doctor plan studies addressing communication components as an effective index in solving the challenges of the plan.Methods: Research method: The method of the present study was conducted in the form of a library review on 40 studies from 2001 to 2020. The research population is all the articles related to communication components in the family doctor project. In order to carry out information research by reading texts from the library, websites of selected related organizations and in order to search systematically based on keywords based on 1- family doctor plan 2- communication in family doctor plan 3- referral system 4- challenges and obstacles of the plan Family doctor 5-Health care 6-Rural family doctor plan strategies 7-Effective communication in the referral system was collected and evaluated and compared in the comparison table of the fields. Articles were systematically searched based on relevant keywords in authoritative and specialized databases in English and Farsi languages, Google scholar, along with national databases including SID, IRANDOC, ISC. From all the identified articles, according to the research strategy, the researcher evaluated the content of those articles that addressed the impact and importance of communication components in the rural family physician plan and the referral system in the discussion and conclusion section of the direct article.Findings: In the document review of 230 articles related to the keywords considered by the researcher, it was observed that in 40 articles, the issue of communication components as an important indicator in solving the problems of the referral system in the family doctor plan was discussed in the discussions and conclusions. Was. 4 components, satisfaction measurement, lack of awareness (training, information, participation), human resource empowerment, improvement of health indicators, were communication components that were identified and discussed in the text of the articles and conclusions.Conclusion: It is suggested to use the experiences of successful countries in the field of effective communication in the referral system, by creating an integrated communication system, to provide a communication model to solve the problems of the family doctor plan. It is necessary to study the impact of communication components as the main indicator and independent variable in solving the problems and challenges of the family doctor plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Relationship between Strategic Thinking and Organizational Performance of Middle and Senior Managers of Iran's Health Insurance Organization
mitra azizi mehrnush jafari MOJTABA hosseiniIntroduction: Strategic thinkers contribute to the development and creation of strategy that can allow organizational leaders the opportunity to create ideas that give an organization a sustainable competitive advantage. Those strategic thinkers who execute strategy may MoreIntroduction: Strategic thinkers contribute to the development and creation of strategy that can allow organizational leaders the opportunity to create ideas that give an organization a sustainable competitive advantage. Those strategic thinkers who execute strategy may have a greater likelihood of successful implementation of the strategy and organizational performance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between strategic thinking and organizational performance of middle and senior managers of Iran Health Insurance Organization. Methods: This study is a descriptive-correlational study that has taken place among 160 senior and mid-level managers of Health Insurance Organization of Iran. Data gathering instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire that was consists of three parts: demographic information, strategic thinking and organizational performance questionnaires. Collected data were analyzed by using SPSS software and Pearson and Kendall correlations test. Results: According to the results of the study, strategic thinking and organizational performance have a good score. There was also a significant relationship between strategic thinking and organizational performance and the five dimensions of strategic thinking with organizational performance (P<0.05). Conclusion: according to results further promotion and strengthening of this type of thinking among managers in relation to Holger's perspective is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Designing a Model for Delaying the Purchase of Supplementary Health Insurance Based on Grounded Theory
ehsan mohsenzadeh sharifi leila Andervazh ebrahim albo naiemiIntroduction: In general, procrastination means leaving work, or doing it at the last minute, and feeling uncomfortable with it. Procrastination means having trouble getting things started and done. Or, to put it simply, procrastination means postponing today's work to MoreIntroduction: In general, procrastination means leaving work, or doing it at the last minute, and feeling uncomfortable with it. Procrastination means having trouble getting things started and done. Or, to put it simply, procrastination means postponing today's work to tomorrow. The purpose of this study is to design a model for procrastination in purchasing health insurance based on data theory. Methods: The present research is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of research nature and based on data theory. In this study, 14 insurance industry experts and 18 industry clients participated in interviews and focus group meetings. The collected data were encoded in three steps using MaxQDA software. Results: In the open coding section, 383 sentences were coded separately and the highest repetition of comments with 31 cases was related to the factor of distrust in insurance companies. The findings show that three types of psychological, ethical and knowledge factors affect procrastination in insurance. To measure the behavior of procrastination in insurance, three indicators can be used, which are the postponement of the purchase of selected non-compulsory insurance, the postponement of the purchase of compulsory insurance and the postponement of the payment of purchased insurance installments. Conclusion: According to the results, it was found that three psychological, ethical and cognitive factors cause the formation of procrastination behavior in buyers of supplementary health insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Modeling people's Empowerment Strategies in the Health Insurance System Based on Z-Number Cognitive Mapping Method
Mostafa Izadi Rassoul Noorossana Hamidreza IzadbakhshIntroduction: The efficiency and effectiveness of health systems and the amount of health insurance coverage are considered as one of the main components in the development of countries. Empowerment of people in the health system has been introduced as one of the effect MoreIntroduction: The efficiency and effectiveness of health systems and the amount of health insurance coverage are considered as one of the main components in the development of countries. Empowerment of people in the health system has been introduced as one of the effective and efficient solutions by the World Health Organization. The purpose of this study is to model effective strategies for empowering people in the health insurance system of Iran. Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method and is a qualitative research in terms of tools. In this study, using the tacit knowledge of experts and the method of content analysis, the causal relationships between strategies affecting the empowerment of individuals / insured in the health insurance system were identified. Due to the ambiguity and uncertainty in the statements of experts, the developed method of cognitive numbering has been used for modeling. Result: Based on the indicators of effectiveness, impressiveness and centrality, effective strategies on empowerment of individuals in the health system were evaluated. Local organization capacity strategy with a score of 2.62 with the highest impact index, rights protection strategy with a score of 2.67 with the highest impact index and participation strategy with a score of 4.91 with the highest centrality index. FCMapper and Pajek software were used to draw and determine the amount of indicators. Conclusion: Implementation of empowerment approach in health insurance organization of Iran has different dimensions among effective strategies that modeling causal relationships between them can play an effective role in proper implementation of this approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Intervention of Organizational Characteristics in the Relationship between CRM and Organizational Performance in the Nigerian Insurance Industry
F. F. Olowokudejo M. A. Obalola S. A. Aduloju -
Open Access Article
28 - Artificial Neural Network Model for Predicting Insurance Insolvency
Ade Ibiwoye Olawale Ajibola Ashim Sogunro -
Open Access Article
29 - Measuring Customer Satisfaction on Life Insurance Products ( Case Study: Lagos State, Nigeria )
A. B. Sogunro B. Abiola -
Open Access Article
30 - A Comparison of the Customer Relationship Management Strategies of Nigerian Banks and Insurance Companies
Ayodele Fagbemi Folake Olowokudejo -
Open Access Article
31 - Cyber Risk Exposure and Prospects for Cyber Insurance
Ismaila Adeleke Ade Ibiwoye Folake Olowokudejo -
Open Access Article
32 - Retaining Customers Using Clustering and Association Rules in Insurance Industry: A Case Study
R. Samizadeh S. Mehregan -
Open Access Article
33 - The Effect of Insurer Personality Characteristics on Brand Personality and Brand Loyalty (Case Study: Iranian Insurance Companies in Langrood County)
faranak khodayari Sedigheh Tootian Esfahani Roghayeh Tajbar ParashkoohiThe aim of this research is answer the key question of what is the extent to prediction of customer loyalty to a brand toward effectiveness model of the big five personalities and also brand personality perceived. Statistical society of the present research is the custo MoreThe aim of this research is answer the key question of what is the extent to prediction of customer loyalty to a brand toward effectiveness model of the big five personalities and also brand personality perceived. Statistical society of the present research is the customers of Iran insurance companies of Guilan Province. 377 questionnaires in sample taking mode were distributed. It is worth noting that the hypothesis testing of research is taken utilizing the partial least square (PLS) as well as exploiting of statistical analysis software. The results indicate the meaningful impact of every five dimensions of customer`s personality specifications (flexibility, conscientiousness, extroversion and agreeableness, neurotic) on one of dimensions per ceiled for the brand minimally (charming, competency and anxiety) and therefore each one of dimensions perceived for the brand has also meaningful impact on brand loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of word of mouth on intention to use insurance services among customers of insurance companies in Rasht
علی داوری Amin Mohammadi Almani امیر پورناصرانیWord of mouth as one of the most important and oldest unofficial communication tools has an influential role in marketing processes specially in persuading people to buy a product or use a service. Most consumers rely more on the information that they acquire from frien MoreWord of mouth as one of the most important and oldest unofficial communication tools has an influential role in marketing processes specially in persuading people to buy a product or use a service. Most consumers rely more on the information that they acquire from friends and relatives through word of mouth because they consider this kind of information is more reliable than information generated by advertisers and marketers. Therefore, in the environment that consumers’ trust in organizations and advertising is reduced, word of mouth is a great way to gain competitive advantage and it enables business organizations and firms to influence customers’ intention to use by means of word of mouth. Due to the importance of this issue, the present paper has tried to investigate the effect of word of mouth on customers' intention to use insurance services. A descriptive survey design was used in this research and based on its goal this research was an applied one. The target population of this research was the customers of insurance companies in Rasht. To collect data 300 questionnaires were distributed among customers by using simple random sampling method. For data analysis and testing research hypotheses, structural equation modeling method was applied by using LISREL software. The results revealed that word of mouth dimensions namely, intensity, positive valence, negative valence, content and also corporate image affect customers' intention to use insurance services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Proposing and Analyzing a Model for the Influence of Ethical Sales Behavior on Customers Loyalty with a Case Study in Parsian Insurance Company.
Razieh Peshman حمزه کاظمی مهیاریNowadays countries with advanced economiesare moving toward service industries. In this regard, we could point to the insurance industry, which is operating in various branches throughout the world. On the other hand, the customers’ ability of selection among vari MoreNowadays countries with advanced economiesare moving toward service industries. In this regard, we could point to the insurance industry, which is operating in various branches throughout the world. On the other hand, the customers’ ability of selection among various companies has led to more competition in the market of this industry. Customers’ satisfaction is also not enough for companies so they are looking for developing the loyalty among their customers. The population is customers of parsian’s automobile insurance. The theoretical topics collected by means of library and the data was obtained from a questionnaire which was the combination of few standard questionnaires.To analyze the data and investiguateion of the research’s assumptions, the structural equation modeling embedded in the AMOS software was applied. The results of analyzing data reveal that the presented model is an appropriate model for investigation the influence of ethical sales behavior on customer’s loyalty in insurance company. Results also show that the salesperson’s ethical behavior has an important influence on customers’ satisfaction from salesperson and their trust and commitment to the seller.Also the results show that ethical sales behavior indirectly affects on trust,satisfaction and loyalty of consumer.In the other word, through improvement of ethical sales behavior, the satisfaction, trust and loyalty of customer to the insurance company would rise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Identification of Obstacles and limitations Implementing Relationship Marketing in the Public Sector Insurance Companies in Iran
M. Amirshahi M. SaffianianIn this era, service sector has gone through such a drastic transformation never experienced in its history. These changes has affected both industry structure and competitive situation. In this challenging environment of quick changes, service companies MoreIn this era, service sector has gone through such a drastic transformation never experienced in its history. These changes has affected both industry structure and competitive situation. In this challenging environment of quick changes, service companies in general and financial institutions in particular are forced to change their reactions toward market factors: change their focus off their products and shift it towards their customers and competitors; change their outlook from short-term to long-term periods. Diversity and complexity of competitive pressures has inevitably forced these companies to welcome new marketing paradigm i.e." Relationship Marketing"(RM). Kotler defined RM as establishing, maintaining, and reinforcing strong relationships with customers and other stakeholders. This research is an effort to identify the obstacles and limitations in implementing RM in the public sector insurance companies in Iran. After a broad review of literature and other secondary sources on the topic, the researcher interviewed with more than 30 people who were experienced in the insurance industry in Iran. The purpose of the literature review and interviews was to identify the research variables (47 such variable in total) and to design the requiredquestionnaire for data collection. The questionnaire was launched among 380 of the managers and specialized staff of Iran, Dana, Alborz, and Asia insurance companies, which collectively hold more than 89 percent of the insurance market in Iran in 2005. Factor analysis of those variables diminished them to 12 factors that were responsible for 64.5 percent of their variance. Research findings include a detailed description of those 12 factors and present a new model which encompasses obstacles in implementing RM in the public sector insurance companies in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Proposing and Analyzing a Model for the Influence of Ethical Sales Behavior on Customers Loyalty with a Case Study in Parsian Insurance Company
R. Pezhman H. Kazemi MahyariNowadays countries with advanced economies are moving toward service industries. In this regard, we could point to the insurance industry, which is operating in various branches throughout the world. On the other hand, the customers’ ability of selection among var MoreNowadays countries with advanced economies are moving toward service industries. In this regard, we could point to the insurance industry, which is operating in various branches throughout the world. On the other hand, the customers’ ability of selection among various companies has led to more competition in the market of this industry. Customers’ satisfaction is also not enough for companies so they are looking for developing the loyalty among their customers. The population is customers of Parsian’s automobile insurance. The theoretical topics collected by means of library and the data was obtained from a questionnaire which was the combination of few standard questionnaires. To analyze the data and investigation of the research’s assumptions, the structural equation modeling embedded in the AMOS software was applied. The results of analyzing data reveal that the presented model is an appropriate model for investigation the influence of ethical sales behavior on customer’s loyalty in insurance company. Results also show that the salesperson’s ethical behavior has an important influence on customers’ satisfaction from salesperson and their trust and commitment to the seller. Also the results show that ethical sales behavior indirectly affects on trust, satisfaction and loyalty of consumer. In the other word, through improvement of ethical sales behavior, the satisfaction, trust and loyalty of customer to the insurance company would rise. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Designing Structural Equation Model of Competitiveness in Level of Departments of Insurance Companies in Tehran
M. R. Abbasi H. RahimiKoloorIn the era of growing globalization competitiveness has been considered as a major issue among policy makers at different levels. In this paper we first review the research background, and study the factors affecting competitiveness. Then, using the confirmatory factor MoreIn the era of growing globalization competitiveness has been considered as a major issue among policy makers at different levels. In this paper we first review the research background, and study the factors affecting competitiveness. Then, using the confirmatory factor analysis technique, we identify a set of indices affecting competitiveness; classify them in three main indices (Environmental, Inter-organizational and Creating Perceptual Values Factors) and in the next stage, using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) the kind of relationship between new structure and indices affecting the competitiveness is studied so that while explaining conceptual model of competitiveness, the competitiveness domestic model is presented .The present study data has been collected from the insurance companies based in Tehran from among a 138 insurance expert. To analyze the data, we have used Lisrel software. The results of the research modified model have identified the factor creating conceptual value of the first importance. These results show that inter-organizational and environmental factors are of the next level of importance. Hence, the proposed model in this study has been different from its theoretical model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - A Study on the Critical Success Factors in Customers Relationship Management (Case Study: Saman Insurance Company)
N. Tazari M. Bolourian TehraniNowadays in the competitive world of business, customers play a vital and important role in maintaining the position and also the survival of the companies. Customer relationship management (CRM) helps them to have an effective relation with their customers. This resear MoreNowadays in the competitive world of business, customers play a vital and important role in maintaining the position and also the survival of the companies. Customer relationship management (CRM) helps them to have an effective relation with their customers. This research tries to study critical successful factors (CSF) of CRM in insurance companies (Saman Insurance co. as a case study). This survey has been based on the problem that wants to reveal which factors are involved in CRM success in insurance markets and furthermore according to the declared factors what are the strength and weakness points of Saman insurance co. in CRM implementation. After studying the theoretical principles and models, four-dimensional model has been selected. This model includes: focus on key customers, well developed organizing, knowledge management and technology utilization. 191 of staffs including Experts, managers and Vice –chancellors of Saman insurance co. offices in Tehran were statistical population and 128 of them have been selected with Cochran formula as sample size. The results show that, in regards of technology and knowledge management, Saman Insurance co. has an appropriate and convenient condition but in regards of key customers focus the company is not well developed. Well organizing has a medium condition across the rest of the factors. It seems, while the low performance of key customer focus can deeply affects the rest of the company attempt, authorities must give more attention to this factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - “Iran Export Engineering &Technical Services” (Identifying Barriers & Offering Suggestions)
H. Nezakati Alizadeh, F. FarzmAccording to the performed research in the field of engineering & technical services export in Iran .And with consideration of existing problems in this section, 4 effective categories has been identified in main activities with their relevant sub-cat MoreAccording to the performed research in the field of engineering & technical services export in Iran .And with consideration of existing problems in this section, 4 effective categories has been identified in main activities with their relevant sub-categories including: Bank activities; Financing methods; Presenting exchange facilities; Exchange bank guarantee issuing conditions; Establishing international bank relationships; Insurance coverage, Companies capabilities, Machineries & equipments conditions, specialized humans resources abilities; attendance of Iranian consultant companies in target countries; Marketing techniques & approaches used by Iranian exporters; Economic environment (exchange); Exchange rate fluctuation, Internal inflation rate, Government activities; political supports by Government; Cooperation & expediting the administrative affairs by relevant organizations; Governmental rules & regulation stability; Export promotions & awards. And each subcategory has been specified on the basis of testing according to priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Effect of Word of Mouth on Intention to Use Insurance Services among Customers of Insurance Companies in Rasht
A. Davari A. Mohammadi Almani A. PournaseraniWord of mouth as one of the most important and oldest unofficial communication tools has an influential role in marketing processes specially in persuading people to buy a product or use a service. Most consumers rely more on the information that they acquire from frien MoreWord of mouth as one of the most important and oldest unofficial communication tools has an influential role in marketing processes specially in persuading people to buy a product or use a service. Most consumers rely more on the information that they acquire from friends and relatives through word of mouth because they consider this kind of information is more reliable than information generated by advertisers and marketers. Therefore, in the environment that consumers’ trust in organizations and advertising is reduced, word of mouth is a great way to gain competitive advantage and it enables business organizations and firms to influence customers’ intention to use by means of word of mouth. Due to the importance of this issue, the present paper has tried to investigate the effect of word of mouth on customers' intention to use insurance services. A descriptive survey design was used in this research and based on its goal this research was an applied one. The target population of this research was the customers of insurance companies in Rasht. To collect data 300 questionnaires were distributed among customers by using simple random sampling method. For data analysis and testing research hypotheses, structural equation modeling method was applied by using LISREL software. The results revealed that word of mouth dimensions namely, intensity, positive valence, negative valence, content and also corporate image affect customers' intention to use insurance services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Cost Reengineering In Iranian Insurance Companies
حمیدرضا شماخیThe new organizations establish base on concepts such as value customer, valuebased management, value chain analysis, value engineering, wealth (value) creation.Three factors, cost, quality & quantity, are very important on continuingorganizations. The companies try MoreThe new organizations establish base on concepts such as value customer, valuebased management, value chain analysis, value engineering, wealth (value) creation.Three factors, cost, quality & quantity, are very important on continuingorganizations. The companies try to delivery their products & services in at least cost,high quality & quantity to customers. Accounting information systems must be updated with new conditions business & customers' needs. Updated accountinginformation systems provide information for make decision, planning, control & othertasks of management. Cost management system has been designed to reply to newmanagement needs in currently business environment. Cost management system has astrategic view to cost, control & reduction expenses, increase quality & quantity.This article explains, how to adjust the costing framework in iranian insurancecompanies by new approaches in managerial accounting. Integrated activity basedcosting & economic value added model for determining cost of policies & fair price ininsurance company will be discussed. The findings show that 1. cost of the policiesshould be adjusted, 2. Integrated activity based costing & economic value addedmodel can be used in iranian insurance companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigating the relationship between total quality management and financial performance of banks, insurance companies, and active investment companies in Iran.
Ahmad Ahmadpour Amir SoodbakhshThe purpose of this research is investigating the relationship between total quality management and financial performance of banks, insurance companies, and active investment companies in Iran. The studied population is banks, insurance companies and investment companie MoreThe purpose of this research is investigating the relationship between total quality management and financial performance of banks, insurance companies, and active investment companies in Iran. The studied population is banks, insurance companies and investment companies, and due to the limitation of access to the information of all of them and the necessity of obtaining accurate data, 10 banks, 5 insurance companies and 16 investment companies which were accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange, were selected as samples. In order to investigate and test the research hypothesis, SPSS and Amos software, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, structural equations modeling, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. The results of this study showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the seven dimensions of total quality management (including leadership, continuous improvement, internal and external partnerships, focus on customer, process management, staff achievements and learning) and financial performance, and thus, between total quality management and financial performance of banks and insurance companies and investment companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Factors Affecting the Transparency of Financial Information in the Insurance Industry
Amirreza Nematolahi Roya Darabi Fatemeh Sarraf Yadollah Nouri fardThere are many factors in the transparency of financial information, the most important and most effective of which are financial components. In this research, we merely consider financial insurance agents in transparency of financial information because of, insurance a MoreThere are many factors in the transparency of financial information, the most important and most effective of which are financial components. In this research, we merely consider financial insurance agents in transparency of financial information because of, insurance accounting specific nature.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effective relationship between financial insurance factors and financial information transparency of the insurance industry.To determine the final financial components of insurance, experts of the insurance industry were consulted and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data.The research sample consisted of 151 managers and experts in the insurance industry selected by random sampling method. The realm of this research is 2017 and city of Tehran. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the data in a small phase.The results indicate that financial insurance factors have a meaningful relationship with the transparency of financial information in the insurance industry, but violations were also found in the research components.The results of the ranking showed that the disclosure of leverage ratios and deferred loss accounts has the highest degree of significance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Employing unsupervised learning to detect fraudulent claims in auto insurance (isolation forest)
farbod khanizadeh Farzan Khamesian Maryam Esna-AshariFor insurance companies, fraud detection strategies are of significant importance. Lack of such a plan to prevent insurance fraud and making payments quickly to insured in order to compensate for losses will lead to customer satisfaction and increase companies’ po MoreFor insurance companies, fraud detection strategies are of significant importance. Lack of such a plan to prevent insurance fraud and making payments quickly to insured in order to compensate for losses will lead to customer satisfaction and increase companies’ portfolio in short term. However in the long run, it will have dire consequences for the insurance industry. In other words, the cost of fraudulent claims would be transferred indirectly to insured in the form of a rise in premiums. The purpose of this study is to provide insurers with a mechanism to detect fraudulent claims. This goal is achieved through an unsupervised algorithm to detect anomalies in the data set. The use of this algorithm, as it is an ensemble learning, increases the accuracy in detecting suspicious cases and reduces false positives. According to the results, the damage to the culprit, the type and use of the vehicle, and the sex of the victim are among the most important indicators in the detection of fraudulent cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Presenting a model for the development of life insurance culture in Iran with a grounded theory approach
Esmaeil Delfaraz abasali ghayomi Reza salehiThe main purpose of this research is to present a model for the development of life insurance culture in Iran with a grounded theory approach. The research method is qualitative. The study population includes all experts and university professors and managers of insuran MoreThe main purpose of this research is to present a model for the development of life insurance culture in Iran with a grounded theory approach. The research method is qualitative. The study population includes all experts and university professors and managers of insurance companies. Since grounded theory does not seek a general or general theory and does not claim to generalize the theory, so sampling has not been used in a quantitative manner. Rather, judgmental (theoretical) sampling has been chosen. Of course, in the first step, 25 people have been identified. However, during the interviews, 17 people were saturated with opinions that refused to continue the interview and the final conclusion was made. It is enough with the title of the treatise.The results of the final qualitative model show that the causal conditions affecting the model include: trust / management style / leadership / policy / expert network. The most important strategies to improve insurance culture include: marketing / systematic communication with stakeholders / advertising / awareness Finally, the consequences of using the calculated model are: designing and presenting a model for the development of life insurance culture in Iran, which deviates from (strengthening the share of life insurance in the insurance portfolio in the country / sharing knowledge among individuals in the insurance community / increasing decision speed / More desirable services to life insurance policyholders / Improving the performance of insurance companies). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Sociological analysis of economic resilience of insurance funds with emphasis on Delphi method
Ebrahim Sadeghifar Hosahng Zahiri Ahmad MeydariEconomic resilience is the ability to withstand economic impulses in the face of sudden risks. Insurance funds are one of the main components of society's resistance at the macro and micro levels. "Sustainable insurance" is considered one of the most important pillars o MoreEconomic resilience is the ability to withstand economic impulses in the face of sudden risks. Insurance funds are one of the main components of society's resistance at the macro and micro levels. "Sustainable insurance" is considered one of the most important pillars of the social security system in achieving development goals, including sustainable economic growth and social support. The aim of the research is sociological analysis of the concept, dimensions and indicators of economic resilience of insurance funds. The qualitative method was conducted using Delphi interviews. 12 interviews were conducted with "purposive" sampling method. The sample size was based on theoretical saturation. The findings of the research showed that Iran's economy is a combination of 2 neoliberal economic approaches and the welfare state. Resilience indicators of insurance funds include sustainability, redundancy, tact, reaction to risk, recovery. Among the components related to the economic resilience index, the component of redundancy and revivability has been of special importance. Insurance funds are severely challenged in the three characteristics of sustainability, adequacy of benefits and quality of governance. The status of the indicators related to these three characteristics has caused the "resilience" of the funds to become a serious risk. On the one hand, pension funds in Iran are facing investment restrictions because they are not connected to global financial markets, and on the other hand, they are facing political imposition in the management of their economic units. These two features distinguish them from their peers in the field of investment. The economic resilience of insurance funds is affected by the resistance economy, and this issue is a clear distinction from other countries. It can be said that the current situation of resilience of insurance funds is not so favorable. As a result, it can be stated that regarding the social security organization, resilience can be measured with actuarial calculations and based on this, by introducing different shocks to the organization, its financial consequences can be evaluated. Without considering these calculations and taking into account key indicators such as support ratio, capital return rate, available resources and the government's financial situation, it seems that the social security fund should also be described as a fragile fund. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Agriculture Products Insurance Assessment of Iran with Sustainable Agriculture Approach
Hamdollah Pishro Parvaneh. Azizi Roza AzarkamadIn general, insurance is a form of risk management used to hedge against acontingent loss. Agriculture insurance is a special line of property insurance applied toagricultural firms. As well as Agriculture insurance is one of the most efficient waysof managing the risks MoreIn general, insurance is a form of risk management used to hedge against acontingent loss. Agriculture insurance is a special line of property insurance applied toagricultural firms. As well as Agriculture insurance is one of the most efficient waysof managing the risks inherent to farming. Sustainable agriculture integrates threemain goals-environmental health, economic profitability, and social and economicequity. Agriculture insurance is one of sustainable agriculture economics dimension.The aim of the study is to analyzes Agriculture insurance of Iran. The report starts withthe description of sustainable development definition and Sustainable agricultureindexes. Than evaluate the performance of agriculture insurance deals during 2006-2007. Gardens and farms are highly vulnerable, because are low water resources andIran is located on the desert region.The findings of this study show that implementation of agriculture insurance, risk ofoperating in this sector has reduced somewhat. Also performed calculations shows thatthe farmers funds received has been able to produce only 10 percent of the productcost. Other results show that only 12 percent of the garden farm country s have beensubject to insurance. So Iran agriculture is less stable in terms of agriculture insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - A ranking method based on data envelopment analysis for classification the insurers risk in Saman insurance company
Seyyedeh Nasim Shobeiri Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Hashem Nikoomaram Mohammadreza Miri Lavasani -
Open Access Article
50 - Technical Efficiency of Nigerian Insurance Companies: A Data Envelopment Analysis and Latent Growth Curve Modelling Approach
Jaiyeoba Jaiyeoba Haruna Babatunde Razali Haron -
Open Access Article
51 - Legal Criteria for Wildlife Insurance and Damage Compensation
medrik pirsaheb Mansour Pournouri shirin shirazian Daryoush KarimiThe protection of wildlife has a special place, as in the domestic laws, various solutions have been considered, including the option of fines for the violator and the cause of damage, but as a deterrent, it has not been able to act effectively. The human factor does no MoreThe protection of wildlife has a special place, as in the domestic laws, various solutions have been considered, including the option of fines for the violator and the cause of damage, but as a deterrent, it has not been able to act effectively. The human factor does not always lead to the loss or destruction of animal species and harming the wildlife, but natural factors can also lead to disease or accidents for the wildlife according to the climatic conditions of the place. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate, adjust and adjust the ways to reduce the conflicts between people and wildlife, and by allocating appropriate funds, the field for the restoration of wildlife habitats should be provided in order to prevent further destruction of wildlife and support endangered species. One of the ways to control risk is to transfer it to insurance institutions, and these risks should be in line with insurance laws and regulations, and in other words, they should be insurable. The vastness of the field of wildlife and the costs of its maintenance and protection require the support of the government as the guardian of wildlife protection and supervisor of the insurance industry. The loss of a species covered by insurance, like any other insurance coverage, can be supported by the insurance company, although in the insurance industry due to the challenges of wildlife risk assessment and the wildlife guardian organization due to the lack of financial resources, so far this issue has not been addressed. It has not been addressed seriously, and it may be due to the lack of sufficient knowledge in this field, or due to a correct assessment of the risk of losses of this type of insurance coverage. Currently, addressing this issue is an unavoidable necessity, and the trustees of the life insurance industry The country's wildlife should take the necessary care in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The Securitization of Insurances In the Leading Industries (Based On Sukuk Models)
Seyed Mohammad Javad Mirtaher Mahdiar SarsharBecause Iran’s economy is based on oil industry, related issues in this area are very important. One of the important issues in this context is the low participation of oil industry in the total portfolio of the insurance industry that suggests numerous challenges MoreBecause Iran’s economy is based on oil industry, related issues in this area are very important. One of the important issues in this context is the low participation of oil industry in the total portfolio of the insurance industry that suggests numerous challenges in the interaction between these two huge industries. In addition, the imposition of international sanctions against oil projects and oil shipping insurance have created new sets of problems which call for scientific and applied researches in this field. Various investigations indicate that the failure of domestic insurance companies in entering into oil industry is related to lack of capital capacity in Iran’s insurance industry. This practical study has used an analytical descriptive method which tries to suggest different solutions for interaction between capital markets and insurance to solve the main issue which is “lack of capital capacity in Iran’s insurances”, through the risk securitization which provides a new financial instrument called “Reinsurance Islamic Financial Securities (Reinsurance Sukuk)” to transfer the risk in oil industry based on Imamia jurisprudence. This instrument is introduced as a comprehensive solution to be utilized in the interaction between insurance industry and the capital market ,especially during the sanctions when the government has established specific funds for supporting reinsurance policies making this instrument more important due to converting sanction’s threat to opportunity and this instrument can be an alternative for this fund. In addition, Reinsurance Sukuk is an efficient solution for increasing capital capacity of insurance companies in non-sanctioned periods. On the one hand, very high standards required in the leading industry field for this fund and the low probability of damages incurred, and on the other hand heavy demanded premium increases the efficiency and attractiveness of these instruments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Providing a customer portfolio management (CPM) model to improve customer relationship management (CRM)
ali akbar jafri Kambiz Shahroodi Seyed Mahmoud Shabgoo Monsef Narges Del AfroozThe purpose of this descriptive-correlational applied study was to provide a customer portfolio management (CPM) model to improve customer relationship management (CRM). The statistical population in the qualitative section included 22 insurance executives and professor MoreThe purpose of this descriptive-correlational applied study was to provide a customer portfolio management (CPM) model to improve customer relationship management (CRM). The statistical population in the qualitative section included 22 insurance executives and professors who were selected by saturation and purposive sampling and in the quantitative section included all insurance customers in Tehran province from which 384 people were randomly selected by Cochran's formula. Data were collected in the qualitative section using interviews and in the quantitative section using questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by expert opinions and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Qualitative content analysis and structural equations with PLS2 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the dimensions of the model included customer motivation, customer value, organizational factors, customer experience, customer loyalty, and customer mental image and the model had a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Providing a model for transparency of financial information in the country's insurance industry
Amirreza Neamatolahi Roya دارابی fatemeh sarraf Yadollah NoorifardOne of the most important factors in transparency of financial information is financial components. The present research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of its implementation method is descriptive and aims to provide a functional model for transparency o MoreOne of the most important factors in transparency of financial information is financial components. The present research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of its implementation method is descriptive and aims to provide a functional model for transparency of financial information in the insurance industry and to describe the components and dimensions of the final model. To do this research, firstly, by reviewing the literature, preparing the matrix of components and integrating the components of the components matrix together with the selection of the components of the element, were examined and interviewed by the experts and experts of the insurance industry and university professors, the final components of determining and classifying the factors of focus Regulations 88 of the Supreme Council of Insurance in four levels were adopted. The statistical population of this study was financial experts of the insurance industry, which totally estimated 1200 people. In this research, Kolmogorov Smirnov tests were used to determine the distribution of data, BMI and Bartlett's tests for the suitability of the sample and the partial least squares method For modeling, finally, using partial least squares method and SmartPlS software, a final model of research was developed. Using the model of this research, the level of transparency of financial information of each insurance company can be measured and ranked quantitatively Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Investigating the factors affecting the determination of deposit insurance premiums among Iranian banks listed on the Iranian stock exchange and OTC
Mohammadreza Aghamohammad semsar Saeed fallahpor saeed shirkavand Ali Forosh BastaniBank deposits are a very important resource for banks, which, if accompanied by weak investments or fuel facilities, will cause many problems for financial institutions. One way to combat the burning of deposits is to insure them. The present study seeks to provide a mo MoreBank deposits are a very important resource for banks, which, if accompanied by weak investments or fuel facilities, will cause many problems for financial institutions. One way to combat the burning of deposits is to insure them. The present study seeks to provide a model that can measure the risk of the banking industry in proportion to the price of premiums. And it uses risk-based modeling. This modeling uses multivariate GARCH models, which can lead to more accurate pricing of deposit premiums. To determine the factors affecting premiums and determine their relationship, the information of active banks of Tehran Stock Exchange between 1393 and 1397 has been used. Using Blacksholes, Merton Blacksholes, Merton Blacksholes models with systematic risk and Merton Blacksholes models using multivariate GARCH modeling, premium pricing has been done. According to the results obtained from the estimation of regression equations, it was found that the premium received by the Deposit Guarantee Fund was not due to the systemic risk of the banking network and it seems better that the value of the deposit premium is considered considering the risk. Be banking. In this regard, and according to the estimated models, the systemic risk of the banking network better considers the calculated value of the premium by considering the multivariate Garchi model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Impact of Climate Change Risk and Insurance Industry
Asma Hamzeh Mitra Ghanbarzadeh Nasrin HozarmoghadamAn important effect of climate change is the change in the intensity and frequency of natural disasters such as droughts, floods, hurricanes,. . . , Due to the creation of risk and uncertainty, in insurance industry, they have an abundance. To this end, identifying the MoreAn important effect of climate change is the change in the intensity and frequency of natural disasters such as droughts, floods, hurricanes,. . . , Due to the creation of risk and uncertainty, in insurance industry, they have an abundance. To this end, identifying the various dimensions of climate change risk and assessing it can reduce future losses by focusing and planning to address the direct and indirect effects of climate change. Therefore, conducting research related to climate change is essential to be more prepared to adapt to this phenomenon and to reduce the burden of costs due to these changes for the insurance industry. In this regard, in this study, while explaining the effects of climate change on the severity and frequency of weather events, the channels affecting climate change on health, life and non-life insurance are presented. Also, the challenges of climate change for insurers are expressed and final solutions and suggestions for the insurance industry are provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Introducing Early Warning System for Solvency of Iranian Insurance Companies, Using Pane data method
Mahmoud Haghverdilou Kambiz Peykarjou gholam reza zomorodianSFinancial solvency is one of the essential components that illustrates financial status of a financial enterprise, at large, or an insurance company to be specific. In addition to solvency ratio, other metrics and indices are also early warning indicators of an upcoming MoreFinancial solvency is one of the essential components that illustrates financial status of a financial enterprise, at large, or an insurance company to be specific. In addition to solvency ratio, other metrics and indices are also early warning indicators of an upcoming crisis in insurance industry. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to provide a model for an early warning system of solvency for insurance companies and Iranian insurance companies in particular. To this end, a number of indexes and ratios, as independent variables affecting solvency, are selected and classified as economic, corporate, and corporate governance, that distinct this article from other studies. In this respect, the empirical model of research was estimated by econometric method of panel data for 18 Iranian companies during 1387-1396. The results of the research depict that interest rates with one-period delay and the change in board of directors have the most and the least impact on Iranian insurers’ solvency, respectively. Also, due to its cube strength, the impact of loss ratio differs in various quantities. Moreover, all hypotheses that are based on meaningful impact of variables on financial solvency of Iranian insurers are verified; including macroeconomic (inflation rate with one delay), interest rate (with one delay), economic growth (with one delay), corporate variables (ratio of investments in risky assets to all assets), loss ratio, the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, and corporate governance (percentage of major shareholder’s ownership and change in board of directors) along with international economic sanctions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Requierements for Determining Technical Interest Rate in Iranian Life insurance Industry
Aziz Ahmadzadeh Mojtaba AbedThus, the analysis of the roots of technical interest rates, types of models for determining technical interest rates and identification of variables that should be considered in determining it and how and quality of monitoring it, has been done using the documentary me MoreThus, the analysis of the roots of technical interest rates, types of models for determining technical interest rates and identification of variables that should be considered in determining it and how and quality of monitoring it, has been done using the documentary method to the governing frameworks. Then, based on the results, a questionnaire was designed to confirm and complete the framework and sent to relevant experts. The results of the study show that based on the reviewed studies, the use of time series models is the main method of determining the technical interest rate in insurance companies, but in some cases, structural models have also been used.But in Iran, the use of time series models for determination of technical interest rates are not mentioned by experts and the majority of experts support structural models that taking into account the economic variables including inflation, interest rates, exchange rates and gold respectively (in order of importance) to determine technical interest rates. In the field of supervision, although there are different patterns, but the use of interest rates on long-term bonds with the highest credit rating, has been the common denominator of all countries to determine the maximum technical interest rate. It seems that the high weighting of experts on the variables of inflation, exchange rate and gold in Iran is due to the sharp fluctuations in the value of the national currency, which is the outstanding difference between Iran and other countries under study. Finally, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - A Conceptual Model for of Brand Value Creation in Insurance Industry with Focus on Investment on Life Insurance.
mohamad rezaei Hamid Reza Saeednia Zahra Alipour DarvishToday, in the vast majority of leading and successful countries, one of the main pillars of maintaining material and intangible resources of governments, organizations, institutions, etc. is the insurance industry.Insurance companies try to provide people with the cover MoreToday, in the vast majority of leading and successful countries, one of the main pillars of maintaining material and intangible resources of governments, organizations, institutions, etc. is the insurance industry.Insurance companies try to provide people with the coverage they need, by insuring the risks that threaten their health and even their lives, to provide peace of mind to people.Among the various disciplines of insurance, life insurance is of particular importance due to its significant benefits. Life insurance plays an important role in the financial lives of individuals and families. Because this type of insurance is insurance against loss of income due to the death of the head of the familyThe present study aimed to identify the factors affecting the concept Brand Value Creation in Insurance Industry with Focus on Investment Life Insurance. This was a fundamental research trying to work out a conceptual model for the explanation of Brand Value Creation in Insurance Industry with Focus on Life Insurance. To this end, the author employed a mixed methodology. In the qualitative section, the Grounded Theory including open, axial, and selecting codings was used in order to develop the research model. In the quantitative section, a descriptive survey came to use and the model was tested via Amos software. Afterwards, the results were confirmed in a goodness-of-fit model, and presented in the form of 6 categories and 28 minor subcategories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Risk Securitization in Catastrophic and Life Insurance Policies
Alireza Pourebrahimi Shahram babalooyan Mohammad Javad SadehvandSecuritization has the potential to improve market efficiency and capital utilization in the insurance industry. Through selling risk to investors, insurers can reduce their capital requirements, and increase ability for the acquisition of new businesses. Also, in this MoreSecuritization has the potential to improve market efficiency and capital utilization in the insurance industry. Through selling risk to investors, insurers can reduce their capital requirements, and increase ability for the acquisition of new businesses. Also, in this way, they can reduce cost of capital, and enhance return on equity.Securitization offers insurers the opportunity to unlock the embedded profits in blocks of insurance presently carried on balance sheet and to provide an alternative source of financing in an industry where traditional financing mechanisms are often restricted due to regulation.Securitized transactions also permit insurers to achieve liquidity goals and can add transparency to many on-balance sheet assets and liabilities traditionally characterized by illiquidity, complexity, and informational opacity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Identifying Determinants of Corporate Credit Rating
Shahnaz Mashayekh Seyedeh Samaneh ShahrokhiBecause Iran’s economy is based on oil industry, related issues in this area are very important. One of the important issues in this context is the low participation of oil industry in the total portfolio of the insurance industry that suggests numerous challenges MoreBecause Iran’s economy is based on oil industry, related issues in this area are very important. One of the important issues in this context is the low participation of oil industry in the total portfolio of the insurance industry that suggests numerous challenges in the interaction between these two huge industries. In addition, the imposition of international sanctions against oil projects and oil shipping insurance have created new sets of problems which call for scientific and applied researches in this field. Various investigations indicate that the failure of domestic insurance companies in entering into oil industry is related to lack of capital capacity in Iran’s insurance industry. This practical study has used an analytical descriptive method which tries to suggest different solutions for interaction between capital markets and insurance to solve the main issue which is “lack of capital capacity in Iran’s insurances”, through the risk securitization which provides a new financial instrument called “Reinsurance Islamic Financial Securities (Reinsurance Sukuk)” to transfer the risk in oil industry based on Imamia jurisprudence. This instrument is introduced as a comprehensive solution to be utilized in the interaction between insurance industry and the capital market ,especially during the sanctions when the government has established specific funds for supporting reinsurance policies making this instrument more important due to converting sanction’s threat to opportunity and this instrument can be an alternative for this fund. In addition, Reinsurance Sukuk is an efficient solution for increasing capital capacity of insurance companies in non-sanctioned periods. On the one hand, very high standards required in the leading industry field for this fund and the low probability of damages incurred, and on the other hand heavy demanded premium increases the efficiency and attractiveness of these instruments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Designing Joint Investment Fund to increase the capacity of the insurance reinsurance
Saeed Soleimani Mahdi Sadeghi Shahedani Mohammad FetanatMany accidents occur every year around the world cause material and human losses. The amount of insured losses resulting from these incidents make damage inflicted on the insurance company. in some cases, the insurance company are faced with the threat of bankruptcy. In MoreMany accidents occur every year around the world cause material and human losses. The amount of insured losses resulting from these incidents make damage inflicted on the insurance company. in some cases, the insurance company are faced with the threat of bankruptcy. Insurance companies use reinsurance to approach to the crisis traditionally. But it should be noted that the reinsurance companies have limited storage capacity and concentration risk. so, one of the effective tools to solve this problem is a direct relationship between the insurance industry and the capital market as a concept called "risk securitization". This is known as debt securities insurance. However, an additional problem in our country is international sanctions that cause limitation. In this case the cost of such reinsurance increases. Thus, according to studies and evaluated that were collected and analyzed by using the Delphi technique ideas theme "insurance investing investment fund reinsurance in order to increase capacity" was proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Catastrophe Bonds Securitization in Iran's Insurance Industry
Abdul Majid Dehghan Alireza Fahimi Pooneh FarinaThe life of issuance of insurance linked securities (ILS) in the world has been around for decades. The most famous of these securities is Catastrophe Bond or CAT BOND which has been widely advertised by insurance companies and reinsurance companies over the past few de MoreThe life of issuance of insurance linked securities (ILS) in the world has been around for decades. The most famous of these securities is Catastrophe Bond or CAT BOND which has been widely advertised by insurance companies and reinsurance companies over the past few decades. With a quick look at the history of these securities, we find that most of these securities have been published in disaster-prone countries, including the United States and Japan. In this research, while reviewing the conventional global models, the possibility of publishing these securities by insurance companies in Iran has been investigated. According to investigations carried out in Iran as an accident-prone country, we find that insurance companies and reinsurance companies because of their limited amount of capital to pay for their obligations and damages caused by natural disasters, can use this method to issue insurance linked securities (ILS). In this study, it has been shown that, in regard to good capacities of Iranian capital market and the active pillars in issuance of fixed income securities, as well as the need of insurance industry to reach new markets for financing and risk transferring, it is possible to design and issue Catastrophe Bond. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Risk management of environmental risks through insurance
Asma Hamzeh Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to per More Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Background and Objective: Experimental environmental risk includes the probability and severity of a potential event that has an adverse effect on the environment. Environmental risk may, in addition to causing loss to the environment, also lead to damage to persons or their property. Therefore, in response to the complex and real characteristics of environmental pollution risk, the insurance industry has developed new methods to solve the problem of this particular phenomenon in the world. Environmental insurance is a tool to take responsibility for the environmental risks arising from industrial activities in which both the insured and the third party are identified in order to cover the related damages. This type of insurance is a market-oriented solution to reduce corporate operating costs, reduce government costs and advance economic development. Material and Methodology: In this research, descriptive, exploratory and explanatory methods are used. After explaining the dimensions of the issue and providing an overview of the types of risks and damages caused by environmental hazards, it was tried to extract different types of environmental coatings based on international experiences. In order to achieve the desired results, the content of written documents and internationally documented experiences were examined and analyzed. Findings: The requirements and structures required to provide various types of environmental insurance coverage in the country are not yet available. Implementing basic insurance in environmental pollution liability insurance requires overcoming some problems. These problems are usually related to factors that complicate the insurance process. Therefore, considering that no comprehensive research has been conducted in this field in the country, in order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers in the country, this study examines the risks and types of environmental insurance coverage in the global insurance market, the results of this research will pave the way for managers and experts in promoting knowledge and efforts to provide this coverage. Discussion and Conclusion: In order to expand the insurance capacity in environmental pollution liability insurance and reduce the risk of compensation for insurers, this study was conducted to be useful for use in the country's insurance market and reduce the economic damage caused by it. Therefore, the classification of types of environmental risk, the ability to insure environmental risk, the types of environmental insurance coverage, examples of environmental risk assessment and pricing models and methods of risk transfer were stated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Analyzing the Mechanisms of Civil Liability for Compensating Environmental Damages
Hossein jalaliPhysical, material, and moral damages incurred by a person following the occurrence of environmental damages make provisioning and implementing a proper civil liability system a necessity more than ever before. Although, there are lots of literature on the subject matte MorePhysical, material, and moral damages incurred by a person following the occurrence of environmental damages make provisioning and implementing a proper civil liability system a necessity more than ever before. Although, there are lots of literature on the subject matter, it is essential to explore the relationship between the two subjects of “civil liability” and “environmental protection” to analyze the mechanisms of the former in determining the compensation of damages incurred by the latter. This is a descriptive-analytic research using library and note-taking and by referring to laws and regulations and literature. The findings showed that due to the failure of mechanisms of offense-based civil liabilities in compensating environmental damages, it can be beneficial to use strict civil liability based mechanisms, environmental responsibilities, insurance, and environmental damages fund. However, the approach of international environmental law in this field is to humanize the category of environment. Lack of mandatory environmental responsibilities for polluting businesses and lack of regulations on environmental damages fund are the most important challenges for a civil liability system in Iran to be effective in compensating for environmental damages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - A Jurisprudential Study on Guaranteed Interests in Bank Deposits
Haydeh Darvishi Esmat al-Sadat Tabatabaei Lotfi Sayyed Muhammad Shafiei mazandaraniIn order to attract public capital, banks have set guaranteed earnings and have tied the overpayment to the bank's economic efficiency. From a jurisprudential point of view, receiving interest on depositing money without any risk is considered usury, which is a religiou MoreIn order to attract public capital, banks have set guaranteed earnings and have tied the overpayment to the bank's economic efficiency. From a jurisprudential point of view, receiving interest on depositing money without any risk is considered usury, which is a religious prohibition. Jurisprudents have allowed receiving profits provided that a contract is made such as representation in investment, mudarabah, sale, etc. In this study, two categories of pricing and bank-deposit insurance are discussed, according to which the determination and guarantee of in-part-payment profits has a religious justification. Considering the acceptance of insurance in the form of Islamic contracts by most of the jurisprudents, bank deposit insurance that guarantees the principle in-part-payment interest is permissible. Also, the government's involvement in pricing has been approved, if necessary, with a view to providing social benefits. Therefore, given the current state of society, the government has the right to set the in-part-payment interest rates and according to the two categories considered, the in-part-payment interest has a legal justification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - A Comparative Study of Compulsory Insurance Law on Inflation in Islamic Jurisprudence and French Law
Mitra Shariatzadeh Abbas ArabKhazayeli SeyyedAsgari Hosseiny MoghadamThe aim of the present study is to compare the effect of coercion on the inflation insurance in the legal systems of Iran and France. Descriptive-analytical method was employed in the study and the results indicated that both countries, Iran and France, currently fail t MoreThe aim of the present study is to compare the effect of coercion on the inflation insurance in the legal systems of Iran and France. Descriptive-analytical method was employed in the study and the results indicated that both countries, Iran and France, currently fail to have a written law on compulsory inflation insurance; however, they are authorized to approve this law. Our country has formally recognized this necessity based on legal reasoning and found it easy to legislate. On the other hand, this law can come into force in France based on its Common Law system, if necessary. The findings of the study also show that formal recognition and provision of details in Iranian legal system is better than French legal system, so that it can be added as an article either to the Civil Code or insurance law; however, it has a time-consuming procedure. On the contrary, French legal system quickly recognizes supervisory structures independent of the legislature and the judiciary, and implements such a law that could protect individuals’ properties before an economic tsunami takes place. In fact, the only difference that matters between the two legal systems is speed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Insurance of Foreign Investment: An International Trade Law Approach and Islamic Jurisprudence
Fatemeh AsaryForeign investment provides the country with economic growth. Thus, the entry of goods into the country has triggered a request for national currency that would lead to an increase in the value of the national currency. Foreign investment can be a surefire way to achiev MoreForeign investment provides the country with economic growth. Thus, the entry of goods into the country has triggered a request for national currency that would lead to an increase in the value of the national currency. Foreign investment can be a surefire way to achieve goals. The investor's assurance is a prerequisite for the implementation of the project. Therefore, the funds are insured against deliberate or unintentional threats and incidents of the victim and, at the same time, people in the country should be insured in the event of possible accidents. The legislator did not pay enough attention to the issue of the coordination of foreign investment insurance, and this has created legal uncertainties. But at the same time, according to the contracts and subcontractors of the insurance contract in these types of contracts, which are emphasized in Islamic jurisprudence and Iranian law, the filler is a vacuum in this field. Also, lack of information about legal issues and failure to observe certain points in the contracts, and the lack of coordination of internal laws of our country with international law resulted in non-payment of damages by the insured, which was also resolved with the pre-investment agreement. However, the legislator needs to take a step further. The investor must be aware of the legal credibility of the probable loss of insurance by the insurer in accordance with the domestic laws of the host country and international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Designing a hybrid model for classification of imbalanced data in the field of third party insurance
Mahnaz Manteqipour parisa RahimkhaniThe major part of Iran's insurance industry portfolio is the field of compulsory civil liability insurance of motor vehicle owners against third parties. Therefore, detecting the behavior of this insurance field will be effective in order to provide better services to t MoreThe major part of Iran's insurance industry portfolio is the field of compulsory civil liability insurance of motor vehicle owners against third parties. Therefore, detecting the behavior of this insurance field will be effective in order to provide better services to the customers of the insurance industry. Predicting the claim rates for insurance policies, based on the features saved for each insurance policy, is one of the problems of the insurance industry that can be solved with the help of data mining techniques. Insurance is designed using the law of large numbers. In simpler words, a sufficient number of insurance policies are issued, and a small part of this number of insurance policies deal with claims. From the sum of the issued insurance premiums, the cost of claims will be compensated. Therefore, the insurance industry is faced with imbalanced data. The imbalances of insurance industry data causes many challenges in data classification. In the field of third-party insurance and in the data set of this research, there are 14 features for every policies and the data imbalance ratio is 1 to 0.0092, which is considered severe imbalanced.MethodIn this research, we deal with the classification of severe imbalanced data in the field of third party insurance. To overcome the problem of imbalanced data, two hybrid models with different architectures based on 5 basic Gaussian Bayes models, support vectors, logistic regression, decision tree and nearest neighbor are designed. First proposed hybrid model is using random sampling from whole dataset and applying a resampling method for classification and second one selects samples from each labels separately and apply a classification model on the whole selected data. The results of these models are compared. ResultsThe obtained results show that the proposed hybrid models can predict the occurrence or non-occurrence of traffic accidents better than other data mining algorithms. The popular measures such as precisions and recalls of two proposed hybrid models show that second hybrid model has higher performance. And in ensemble phase, the number of models in simple voting as a hyper parameter can be adjusted based on the company's strategy. Also, the use of decision tree to ensemble basic models to build a combined model provides better results than simple voting of basic models.DiscussionTo do more research on the problem of imbalance data classification more complicated resampling data algorithms could be applied and the results be compared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - An algorithm for clustering of insurance products and users in a collaborative filtering-based insurance recommender system and evaluating its performance based on the insurance recommendation
Marzieh Amini Shirkoohi Mohammadreza YamaghaniIntroduction There are many improvements in insurance industries in these decades. So Many people refer to public and private insurance companies to get insurance services. They usually face to some challenges and issues for selecting the best and suitable insurance be MoreIntroduction There are many improvements in insurance industries in these decades. So Many people refer to public and private insurance companies to get insurance services. They usually face to some challenges and issues for selecting the best and suitable insurance because of various type of insurance and lack of enough information of insurance service. Choosing the proper insurance service always related to people personal and social features Method Prediction of customer’s insurance selection according to people personal and social property especially thier financial condition play vital role. On one hand Prediction of insurance type can help people who want to utilize insurance service. On the other hand this prediction can facilitate process of insurance for Insurers too. There are multiple important mechanisms and factors like customers clustring, analyze each class feature, detection of popular insurance in each class and using Collaborative filtering technique to offer best insurance that can influence on process of decision and selection the suitable insurance. Results The total precision value of the proposed method is 89.98% for joint insurances of similar users. Also, the total value of the F-measure of the proposed method for joint insurances between similar customers is 87.13%. Discussion Customer behavior can be predicted by available data of people’s personal and social features and type of insurance that they are chosen and rate of their satisfactions. K-means clustring algorithm and recommender systems Techniques like Collaborative filtering are two significant mechanisms to implement prediction of customer’s behaviors. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis Approach for Ranking of Stocks with an Application to Tehran Stock Exchange
Pejman Peykani Emran Mohammadi Mohsen Rostamy-Malkhalifeh Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi -
Open Access Article
72 - Insurance Claim Classification: A new Genetic Programming Approach
Alireza Bahiraie Farbod Khanizadeh Farzan Khamesian -
Open Access Article
73 - Investigating the effect of risk on the return of the insurance industry in the Iranian economy using generalized conditional autoregression models, ARIMA-GARCH / TARCH and beta coefficient
Abedin Saeidikia Dariush Hassanvand Reza Maaboudi Farhad Tarahomi -
Open Access Article
74 - Investigating portfolio performance with higher moment considering entropy and rolling window in banking, insurance, and leasing industries
Arash Amini Maryam Khalili Araghi Hashem NikoomaramThe optimal portfolio selection is vital for investment. The risk of portfolio Selection and return is the most critical concern of investment companies and private investors. According to modern portfolio theory, diversification should cover the risk. This theory is ba MoreThe optimal portfolio selection is vital for investment. The risk of portfolio Selection and return is the most critical concern of investment companies and private investors. According to modern portfolio theory, diversification should cover the risk. This theory is based on the normality of assets return. Experimental findings indicate that the assets return non-normality. Higher moments are sed to upgrade traditional models with the primary presumption of a normal distribution in recent years. This study uses a higher moment and the entropy for diversification and selects a portfolio given a non-normality assumption. It is essential to use up-to-date information to increase the model's efficiency, and accordingly, we used the rolling window for new price information. For the financial information method, we use the total index return in the last five working days and weigh the shares of the banking, insurance, and leasing industries on the next working day and evaluate this for three years. Python, math, and NumPy libraries were used to analyze the data. The results show that a much higher moment model can provide better portfolio selection results in most cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - A New Method of Sensitivity Analysis of Returns to Scale in Two-Stage Network; A Case Study of the Insurance Industry in Iran
Maryam Sarparast Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Alireza Amirteimoori Mohsen Rostamy-MalkhalifehOne important issue in data envelopment analysis (DEA) which has been studied by many researchers is returns to scale (RTS). The authors developed DEA models to evaluate the efficiency of two-stage networks in returns to scale variable and introduced a new definition to MoreOne important issue in data envelopment analysis (DEA) which has been studied by many researchers is returns to scale (RTS). The authors developed DEA models to evaluate the efficiency of two-stage networks in returns to scale variable and introduced a new definition to determine return to scale classification in two-stage networks. The current article proposed an approach for determining the stability region of returns to scale classification in two-stage network DEA. The data were collected from insurance companies in Iran in 2019. We consider the insurance industry process as a two-stage network; the stage of marketing and that of investment. The effectiveness of insurance companies was evaluated, and, after determining the classification of returns to scale, we found a sustainability interval to classify returns to their scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Early Warning Model for Solvency of Insurance Companies Using Machine Learning: Case Study of Iranian Insurance Companies
Saeed Naseri Khezerlou Atousa GoodarziStakeholders of an organization avoid undesirable outcomes caused by ignoring the risks. Various models and tools can be used to predict future outcomes, aiming to avoid the undesirable ones. Early warning models are one of the approaches that could help them in doing s MoreStakeholders of an organization avoid undesirable outcomes caused by ignoring the risks. Various models and tools can be used to predict future outcomes, aiming to avoid the undesirable ones. Early warning models are one of the approaches that could help them in doing so. This study focuses on developing an early warning system using machine learning algorithms for predicting solvency in the insurance industry. This study analyses 23 financial ratios from Iranian general insurance companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2015 and 2020. The model uses Decision Tree, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks, Gradient Boosting Machine and XGBoost algorithms, with Boruta as a feature selection method. The dependent variable is the solvency margin ratio, and the other 22 ratios are the independent variables, which Boruta reduces to 7 variables. Firstly, the performance of the machine learning models on two datasets, one with 22 independent variables and one with 7, is compared based on RMSE values. The XGBoost algorithm performs the best on both data sets. Additionally, the study predicts the 2020 values for 19 insurance companies, performs stage classifications, and compares actual stages to predicted stages. In this analysis, Random Forest has the best estimate accuracy on both data sets, while Gradient Boosting Machine has the best estimate accuracy on the Boruta data set. Finally, the study compares the machine learning models' results in terms of capital adequacy classification, where Random Forest performs the best on both data sets, and Gradient Boosting Machine on the Boruta data set. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Performance Analysis and Rating of Insurance Companies Using DEA in Iran Capital Market
Mahboubeh Jafari Maryam Mousavi -
Open Access Article
78 - Service Process Modeling through Simulation and Scenario Development for Insurance Analysis
Reza Shakerin Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy -
Open Access Article
79 - An Appropriate Corporate Governance Model at Iran Insurance Company
Shamsollah Salami Mohammad Reza Bagherzadeh Asadollah Mehrara Mehrdad Matani -
Open Access Article
80 - Using Genetic Algorithm to Robust Multi Objective Optimization of Maintenance Scheduling Considering Engineering Insurance
Somayeh Molaei Mir Mahdi Seyed Esfahani Akbar Esfahanipour -
Open Access Article
81 - Predicting Customer Churn Using CLV in Insurance Industry
Vahid Dust Mohammadi Amir Albadvi Babak Teymorpur -
Open Access Article
82 - Providing a Pattern to Prioritize the Branches of Service Firms
Mohsen Miri Manouchehr Omidvari Ahmad Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
83 - Investigating the effect of employer branding on employee job satisfaction in the private insurance industry of the country with regard to the mediating role of talent management
Manizheh Yadegari Torag Mojibi Niloofar Imankhan Ali Mehdizadeh AshrafiEmployer branding refers to a group of economic, functional, and psychological benefits that are gained through employment. This study was carried out to investigate and provide an employer branding model in Iranian private insurance companies using the grounded theory MoreEmployer branding refers to a group of economic, functional, and psychological benefits that are gained through employment. This study was carried out to investigate and provide an employer branding model in Iranian private insurance companies using the grounded theory (GT) qualitative technique. To this end, interviews were performed with 22 experienced experts of the Iranian insurance industry and senior managers of insurance companies operating in the sphere of human resources, and the required data was achieved from it. This is an applied study in terms of the purpose of research with a development approach in which the data collection is done qualitatively and, finally, is considered survey research in terms of environmental studies. In order to obtain information in this study, In-depth interviews are exploited. The three stages of open, axial, and selective coding resulting from the analysis of information and data presented 16 general categories in the form of a paradigm model that includes items such as causal conditions, meritocracy, deployment strategies, contextual factors, intervening conditions, facilitating conditions, and the consequences of the employer branding model process in private insurance companies and reveals the relationships between its various dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Novin Insurance Company's product diversification strategies using product space theory
َAnvar khosraviInsurance industry in iran is a competitive industry and is of particular importance for companies operating in this industry . one of the competitiveness strategies is diversifying the supply of insurance products . diversification of products is one of the main soluti MoreInsurance industry in iran is a competitive industry and is of particular importance for companies operating in this industry . one of the competitiveness strategies is diversifying the supply of insurance products . diversification of products is one of the main solutions to increase income , profitability and reduce risk . the purpose of this paper is to identify the products that the new insurance company is exposed to comparative advantage or the relative advantage is hidden . the research is done using the mean of data related to the production right of each product during 2016 to 1398 but using the theory of product space and network science . the results of this study showed that the new insurance company has revealed relative advantage ( active ) among 16 insurance products examined in the supply of six products with obvious comparative advantage ( active ) , seven products have partial ( potentially active ) advantages and in supply of three inactive residual products and the probability of activation equal to zero . in the following , the sequence of seven crops with latent relative advantage was determined based on maximum , greedy , high and low grade strategies . finally Borda method were identified as the four strategy of combining and the activation sequence of products with the potential for activation of the new insurance company on the basis of this hybrid strategy of engineering , oil and energy , other aircraft , driver events and third parties . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - An investigation into the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational innovation (Case: Toseeh Insurance Company)
H. Choupani M. Zarekhalili A. Ghasemi H. GholamzadehBackground:Intellectual capital could be an important component in organizational innovation. Thus, take this to into account in the case of Toseeh Insurance Company is our intend. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital a MoreBackground:Intellectual capital could be an important component in organizational innovation. Thus, take this to into account in the case of Toseeh Insurance Company is our intend. Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational innovation, and also to determine relative contribution of each dimension of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, and customer capital) for anticipating organizational innovation. Method: Statistical population consisted all experts of Toseeh insurance company. 98 persons were selected with random sampling method. Two questionnaires were used to collect data: 1) Bontis’s intellectual capital questionnaire (1998), with reliability of Corronbach’s Alpha of (0/84), and 2) innovation questionnaire with reliability of Corronbach’s alpha of (0/89). To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential methods such as, coefficient of correlation (r) and stepwise regression coefficient (R), were used. Result: The findings are summarized as follows: 1) there is a positive relationship between intellectual capital and innovation. 2) there is a positive relationship between dimensions of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, and customer capital) and innovation. 3) in general, factors of intellectual capital (human capital, structural capital, and customer capital) can anticipate innovation. However, findings showed that structural capital was not considered as a strong predictor for innovation. Conclusion: These findings and their implications are fully discussed in this paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Identifying the effect of marketing mix 4C's on customers satisfaction of life insurance (Case study: Pasargad insurance offices in Tehran)
Mohammad reza babaei Reza Mostakhtemi Sima Esmaili -
Open Access Article
87 - Identifying the Indicators of Managers' Competency and Investigating Their Status in Iran Insurance Branches
Hamid Nemati Hamdollah Manzari Tavakoli Sanjar Salajegheh Masoud Pourkiani Ayob Sheykhi -
Open Access Article
88 - Evaluation of Novin Insurance Branch Using the BSC Model and TOPSIS Method
farzin rezaei zahra ahmadiPerformance evaluation of different organizations, is considered as a very important issue in the present literature. Among the organizations, insurance companies, as part of protective services and with compensating roles in the economy of each country, have been studi MorePerformance evaluation of different organizations, is considered as a very important issue in the present literature. Among the organizations, insurance companies, as part of protective services and with compensating roles in the economy of each country, have been studied extensively. It is maintained that successful operation of these industries will motivate other industries as well. In order to achieve these goals under any economic condition, insurance firms like other companies must perform adequately in order to materialize their strategic missions. This study evaluates the performance of Novin Insurance branches and intends to rank them. Four branches were selected as samples from Novin Insurance population; Qazvin, Hamedan, Semnan, Kermanshah. Our research method was based on the concept of performance evaluation model and on the basis of BSC (Balanced Score Card) implemented on the four key criteria (financial, customer, internal process, learning and growth). Then relying on TOPSIS method (MCDM model), priority ranking scheme was performed. The results indicate the superiority ofQazvinbranch. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Analysis of the structure of insurance market regulation in Iran and its management strategies
Mehrnoush Kayyal Mahmoud Bagheri Mohammad hossein zarei Mohammad HashemiInsurance is a kind of service and, like all other goods and services, it has a marketplace, Although the insurance market has three pillars of buyer, seller, regulator due to its specific characteristics .regulation is usd to identify where the market fails, And superv MoreInsurance is a kind of service and, like all other goods and services, it has a marketplace, Although the insurance market has three pillars of buyer, seller, regulator due to its specific characteristics .regulation is usd to identify where the market fails, And supervision is used to control the failures caused by the above. Therefore, each state, according to its conditions and facilities, uses methods and tools for regulating and monitoring the insurance market. In Iran, after the privatization of the insurance market, control and control methods are used to regulate and supervise the insurance market. In this regard, efficient and effective supervision of the insurance industry along with expanding competition in order to prevent distortions that could seriously hit the industry is one of the main challenges of the country's insurance industry. Therefore, in this paper, we use an analytical-descriptive method to find the answer to the question of what is the structure of regulation and supervision in Iran. And what methods and tools does the government use? An examination of the structure, methodology and tools of regulation and supervision in the Iranian insurance market can reveal one of the important reasons for the lack of profitability and the lack of progress in the insurance industry in comparison with other markets of advanced countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A Feasibility Study of Applying the E-Insurance In Presenting the Existing Insurance Products
Asghar Sarrafizadeh vahideh alipourThe commercial exchanges between people, companies, people and companies, people and companies with governments, and so on is increasing rapidly. There is an obvious shift from using paper documents to exchanges using electronic information. The e- commerce is con MoreThe commercial exchanges between people, companies, people and companies, people and companies with governments, and so on is increasing rapidly. There is an obvious shift from using paper documents to exchanges using electronic information. The e- commerce is considered as a viable alternative due to its speed, efficiency, and low expenses. The insurance industry as one of the most dynamic business activities is not an exception. Information technology has various effects on different activities in the insurance industry. It gives flexibility to it, changes its system and enhances its movement beyond the existing limitations and traditional regulations. One of the implications of information and communication technology in insurance industry is the electronic insurance. The e- insurance in its general view intends to provide facilities for customers to get access to the insurance services through a safe intermediary phase and without physical attendance. The main issue in this study is the feasibility of presenting the existing insurance products through the Internet from operational, cultural, technical, and legal aspects at Parsian, Asia, Alborz, Razi, Tosse, Sina, and Moallem Insurance Companies. The hypotheses of the study were statistically tested using t-student and Wilcoxon tests. The results confirmed that the possibility of presenting the existing insurance products through the Internet from operational, cultural, technical, and legal aspects is still weak. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Model to Determine the Impact on the Character and Understand Customers Using Electronic Insurance
Reza Ehtesham Rasi Said Amini Vahid AminiThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of customer character and perception on the use of electronic insurance in insurance companies providing insurance electronically services. The selected population of this study includes customers that use electronic i MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of customer character and perception on the use of electronic insurance in insurance companies providing insurance electronically services. The selected population of this study includes customers that use electronic insurance services of insurance companies providing insurance electronically services with total number of 420 customers. Based on Cochran formula and random sampling, 200 people were chosen. This study is applied in objective and description-correlation in data collecting. Questionnaire is used to collect data and to verify its validity and reliability, experts’ opinions and software SPSS were used respectively. Cronbach alpha for strategic orientation and markets both were above 0/7 indicating the questionnaire’s high reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL soft wares and path analysis model. The results of the study showed that after character, the usability, social aspects and the impact of security affect the use of electronic insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Effect of Mobile Software Features on Customer Attitude and Satisfaction
Marziyeh Hajisalim Ali BadizadehConsidering features of application is important since it can be effective in customer satisfaction and produce competitive advantages. In this way, one of the newest application services implemented in insurance companies is insurance mobile App services. Thus, in this MoreConsidering features of application is important since it can be effective in customer satisfaction and produce competitive advantages. In this way, one of the newest application services implemented in insurance companies is insurance mobile App services. Thus, in this research, the effects of insurance mobile app services on customer satisfaction and attitude toward using in insurance industry is considered. This research is practical in terms of purpose and explorative, survey.Considering limitations of population, all of those 200 customers were selected as sample. Data collection method is based on questionnaire with 2 separate parts. First part includes demographic information and second part includes 29 professional questions. Validity of the questionnaire was approved based on content validity test according to 30 professors' answer. In addition, reliability test was performed based on factor analysis. Explanation and analysis of collected data is performed by descriptive (frequency, average, standard deviation) and inferential (Variance Analysis, Correlation, and structural equation) methods. Based on the results, features of mobile app services( perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, perceived playfulness, and perceived compatibility) have positive effects on attitude toward using and customer satisfaction, and perceived risk has negative effect on attitude toward using and customer satisfaction. In addition, attitude toward using has positive effect on customer satisfaction and attitudes toward the use is the role of mediation in Effects of the characteristics software in mobile services on customer satisfaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Relationship between Factors Affecting on Workplace Relationship Cohesion
Afsaneh Khalaj Ahmad RahchamaniThe purpose of this research was to study the relationship between factors affecting on workplace relationship cohesion. This applied research has been done by descriptive correlation method. Statistical population involved all employees of Iran, Asia, Parsian and Karaf MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the relationship between factors affecting on workplace relationship cohesion. This applied research has been done by descriptive correlation method. Statistical population involved all employees of Iran, Asia, Parsian and Karafarin insurance companies in Alborz province that 520 employees were selected as the sample through probabilistic sampling. The data were collected by Grice et al. (2017) questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed according to professors and experts' views and its reliability was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha test. Research hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation modeling in LISREL8.54 software. The findings indicated that internal support has a positive and significant effect on the organizational relationship quality and psychological connectedness; Organizational relationship quality has a positive and significant effect on psychological connectedness; Internal socialization has a positive and significant effect on the interpersonal relationship quality, but it has no a significant effect on psychological connectedness; Interpersonal relationship quality has a positive and significant effect on psychological connectedness. Also, 17.2% of the total internal support effect on psychological connectedness indirectly explained by the mediator variable of organizational relationship quality, and 41.3% of the total internal socialization effect on psychological connectedness indirectly explained by the mediator variable of the Interpersonal relationship quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Recognizing and Describing the Desirable Model of Workplace Spirituality, Customer Relationship Management and Quality of Work Life
Hojat Shahrokhi Masoud Pourkiani Saeed Sayadi Sanjar Salajegheh Ayoob SheikhyThe present study aims to identify and describe the desirable pattern of workplace spirituality, customer relationship management and quality of work life in the social security organization of Kerman province. The research method is based on the purpose of applied and MoreThe present study aims to identify and describe the desirable pattern of workplace spirituality, customer relationship management and quality of work life in the social security organization of Kerman province. The research method is based on the purpose of applied and developmental research and in terms of collecting data from the category Descriptive-correlation research. The statistical population of this research was employed by employees of Social Security Insurance Organization of Kerman province with 208 people and random sampling method proportional to population size and sample size 132. The instrument of measurement and measurement in this research is a standard questionnaire. For structural validity, factor analysis has been used and for reliability estimation coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, structural reliability and composite stability have been used which have obtained appropriate grades. In order to test the research questions and perform statistical analysis and presenting the model, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (using structural equation (SEM)) and SPSS and AMOS software were used. The results of the research in the proposed model showed that the spirituality of the work environment has a positive and significant effect on the quality of working life, with direct effect and indirectly through the management of customer relationship with the social security organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Knowledge Management: Link Between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Saheb Imani Mehdi Basirat Hosein AbolebadThe present study evaluates effects of Transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior with emphasis on the role of mediator Knowledge management of Employee working in insurance Companies. This is a collection of quantitative data and the process of MoreThe present study evaluates effects of Transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior with emphasis on the role of mediator Knowledge management of Employee working in insurance Companies. This is a collection of quantitative data and the process of doing research is a descriptive – survey. Statistic population included of experts working in insurance Companies that using a census method and Cochran formula, 102 selected as the sample size. Data analysis using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS) approach and Smart PLS software was conduct. The results indicate a positive and significant impact of Transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior and Knowledge management. On the other hand, positive and significant impact of Knowledge management on organizational citizenship behavior. Also, Mediating Role of Knowledge management in the relationship between Transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The Impact of SMS Advertising on Purchase intention by attending to Brand Equity mediating role
Morteza Maleki Minbashzargah Azim Zaree Mahbobeh AsadzadeMobile marketing offers great opportunities for businesses. Marketing activities supported by mobile devices allow companies to directly communicate with their consumers without time or location barriers. The aim of present research is to considring to relationship betw MoreMobile marketing offers great opportunities for businesses. Marketing activities supported by mobile devices allow companies to directly communicate with their consumers without time or location barriers. The aim of present research is to considring to relationship between SMS advertising and purchase intention by attending to brand equity mediating role in Mellat Insurance agencies in Mashhad. To achieve this goal by cluster sampling with allocation in accordance, 2 agent choose in different cultural and income situation in Mashhad and the sample has been choose within their customers. This research according to the goal is applicable method and based on collecting data as a description and is type of solidarity. Questionnaire has been used to gathering datas and datas have analyzed by smart PLS and SPSS soft wars. The results of this study show that SMS advertising is directly and indirectly via brand equity connected positively and meaningful to purchase intention. The results also indicate that the factor for time of use of the services is related to the purchase intention and brand equity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Financial Health Analysis on PT Asuransi LMIGNKG Based on Premium Reserve Calculation
Fia Fridayanti AdamAn insurance company's state of financial stability is crucial. This is required to guarantee that, if an event specified in the policy occurs, the insurance provider will be able to compensate the insured. The Financial Services Authority (FSA) in Indonesia overse MoreAn insurance company's state of financial stability is crucial. This is required to guarantee that, if an event specified in the policy occurs, the insurance provider will be able to compensate the insured. The Financial Services Authority (FSA) in Indonesia oversees the sound financial standing of insurance companies which are Risk Based Capital (RBC), technical reserves, investment sufficiency, equity, guarantee funds, and other provisions are the metrics. The purpose of this study is to assess PT Asuransi LMIGNKG's financial situation in 2022. The research is limited to using secondary data from the company, which was utilized to determine financial health based on investment adequacy, RBC, and premium reserves. This research showed the RBC calculation is 402 % which still exceeds the 120% limit set by the regulator. PT Asuransi LMIGNKG's investment adequacy ratio is also quite large, namely 8 times compared to its technical reserves. In managing investments, PT Asuransi LMIGNKG also does not violate these rules. PT Asuransi LMIGNKG's investment management is still below regulatory limits. From these indicators, it can be said that PT Asuransi LMIGNKG is a general insurance company whose financial condition is healthy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - New Economic Instruments of State Regulation of Private Savings, Social Security and Pension Support
Sergii Zakharin Anastasia Duka Maksym Zhytar Olga Rudenko Olha Serdiuk -
Open Access Article
99 - The Impact of Agricultural Products Insurance on Using Technical-Healthy Regulations of Production: A Case Study of Industrial Livestock and Apple Farms
A. Falsafian S.K. VaeziAgricultural insurance is considered as a support policy that reduces negative effects of risk in agricultural farms. In addition, it can improve managerial behavior of insured and technical-healthy regulations of production by using some special tools. This study inves MoreAgricultural insurance is considered as a support policy that reduces negative effects of risk in agricultural farms. In addition, it can improve managerial behavior of insured and technical-healthy regulations of production by using some special tools. This study investigated the impact ofinsurance of agricultural products insurance on using technical-healthy regulations of production in industrial livestock farms at Khorasan province and apple farms at Damavand County. To this end, the required data were survyed from the farms; then it was statistically analyzed. Results indicated that the insurance has exactly significant influence on using any of technical-healthy regulations of production in industrial livestock farms; whereas the insurance does not have any significant influence in the apple farms. In addition, it was also found out that the greatest influence of insurance was in industrial livestock and apple farms that had less than 200 animals and 3 hectares farms, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Presenting a competency model in appointing managers in service organizations by identifying and cultivating managers' competencies from the sociological perspective of organizations (Case study: Social Security Organization)
behrouz khoshnamak Suleiman Iranzadeh asadollah khadivi Hoshang TagizadehSelection of managers based on competency has always been one of the main concerns of decision makers and policy makers in the public sector and the provision of public services.The selection of the right managers at the levels of centralized and provincial units and th MoreSelection of managers based on competency has always been one of the main concerns of decision makers and policy makers in the public sector and the provision of public services.The selection of the right managers at the levels of centralized and provincial units and the central leadership of public service providers in the field of insurance has been of great importance and it is necessary to specify and develop the indicators of managerial competence required for management in this organization. The purpose of this study is to develop a competency model for selecting managers in one of the main organizations providing various insurance services in Iran. Statistical population, including general manager, deputy general managers, heads of departments and heads and senior experts and heads of branches of one of the general insurance departments of the north and northwest of the country (East Azerbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan, Kurdistan, Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan , Qazvin and Hamedan) the statistical sample size is estimated at 228 people.Research method, integrated (qualitative and quantitative) and data collection tools in the qualitative part of the interview and the quantitative partThe questionnaire was based on the evaluation of competency criteria extracted from the qualitative part. The method of data analysis in the qualitative part was based on the theme analysis approach and in the quantitative part was based on the confirmatory factor analysis method to test the components of the competency model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured rurals in east Azerbaijan
Mohammad Nazari Samad AbediniThe purpose of the present survey is a comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan. The study is useable, explanatory and survey. Population of the study is included all optionally registered members in rural's social MoreThe purpose of the present survey is a comparative study of social security among insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan. The study is useable, explanatory and survey. Population of the study is included all optionally registered members in rural's social insurance fund who were 177497. The sample size is 384 insured and uninsured peasants in eastern Azerbaijan who were selected by Cochran formula. To collect the data a questionnaire was used that is consistence with experts’ idea's and its reliability estimated by Cronbach α. In this query considering variables, 6hypotheses are offered and social security feeling of respondents is investigated in terms of finance, honor and respectfulness, and in total in terms of variables such as age, sex, education's grade and household size, marital status and insurance. Finding suggested that there is a significant difference between insured and uninsured social security feeling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Effect of Economic and Social Factors on Life Insurance Demand in Iran and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Hedayat Hosseinzadeh Nowadays life Insurance is one of the most important economic tools and it has several applications the most important role of it is securing the future of the family. Also life insurance is known as one of the major sources of funds and its saving role is more More Nowadays life Insurance is one of the most important economic tools and it has several applications the most important role of it is securing the future of the family. Also life insurance is known as one of the major sources of funds and its saving role is more prominent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of social and economic factors (per capita income, inflation, interest rates, financial development, dependency ratio, education and life expectancy) on life insurance demand in Iran and CIS countries over the period 2001-2009 using the Panel data. Research findings show that per capita income levels, interest rates, the level of financial development, education and life expectancy are the most important factors affecting the demand for life insurance. In this regard, the young dependency ratio has an inverse relationship with the demand for life insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industryMahsa Veysi
Mahsa Veisi Neda SuleimaniThis study aimed to evaluate the prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industry. Regarding the purpose of the study, it was an applied and survey research.At the first phase of the study to identify the criteria, the study population was consi MoreThis study aimed to evaluate the prioritization of media use for brand awareness in the insurance industry. Regarding the purpose of the study, it was an applied and survey research.At the first phase of the study to identify the criteria, the study population was consisted of the insurers of the insurance companies of Tehran, and at the second phase, the experts' views were used to prioritize the criteria. The results of the pair-wise comparison of the main criteria showed that the media consumption (0.164) was in the first priority. The updated media (0.140) was in the second priority. The assurance (0.121) was in the third priority. The ability to transfer content (0.119) was in the fourth priority. The content media and media distinctiveness were in the subsequent priorities. Of these weights, ARAS-G method was used to determine the best media. Seven media including television advertising, radio, and billboards across the city, newspapers and magazines, internet, friends and relatives were evaluated based on the twenty-eight criteria. Finally, it was revealed that friends and relatives (social networks and word of mouth advertising) (0.998) has the highest priority. Television advertising was on the second place and the third priority was cyberspace and internet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Judicial and Legal Analysis of the Basis of "Gharar" in Insurance
hamid masjedsaraeiOne of the new contracts in Iranian legal system is insurance contract that has encountered different opponents and adherents in its course of coming into existence and each parts, invoking to some reasons, have tried to justify and establish its viewpoint. The most MoreOne of the new contracts in Iranian legal system is insurance contract that has encountered different opponents and adherents in its course of coming into existence and each parts, invoking to some reasons, have tried to justify and establish its viewpoint. The most important reason that the opponents of insurance contract have raised is that this contract is based on »Gharar«. They believe that the insurance contract is a sample of » Zamane- Ma- Lam- Yajeb and gambling. So they consider it as suspended and void contract. In this paper we have studied, through criticizing the opponents reasoning, the basis for legitimacy of this contract. It has to be noted that the mentioned »Gharar « in »Moghabeneh contracts« is a sort of accident and separation GHARAR and the prohibition of Gharar is related to »Moghabeneh contracts«.Thus to extend the Gharar to risk contract such as insurance is without any reason. IN this paper ,the opponents viewpoint has been rejected and resulted in that Gharar, in insurance contract, is a kind of »Inherent Gharar«that may not affect its validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Jurisprudence Study of Transaction Choice Contract
reza abbspour mostafa rajaeipoueThe purpose of new financial tools design in the financial markets is to provide risk management and increase capital market efficiency. One of these tools is transaction choice contacts which should be based on legal measures because of contracts efficiency in stock ex MoreThe purpose of new financial tools design in the financial markets is to provide risk management and increase capital market efficiency. One of these tools is transaction choice contacts which should be based on legal measures because of contracts efficiency in stock exchange market. In this article, the authors define these contracts and present different viewpoints of Islamic scientist to determine their integrity and conform them with legal contracts. Finally, transaction choice integrity would be accepted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Jurisprudence-Legal Principles of Confiscation Insurance
ali jafarzadeh shahi قادر شنیور Jamshid Yahya pourConfiscation is one of the institutes enacted by the legislator to protect the right of winning party and/or the claimant and ensure individuals' right. It is based on protecting individuals' right. However, carrying out these regulations can weaken the social and econo MoreConfiscation is one of the institutes enacted by the legislator to protect the right of winning party and/or the claimant and ensure individuals' right. It is based on protecting individuals' right. However, carrying out these regulations can weaken the social and economic aspects of the society. But today, laws should be comprehensive and consider group rights in addition to individuals' right. In this way, existential principles which are the philosophy of enacting the current regulations are criticized in addition to presenting a new definition for confiscation and investigating social and economic model-setting principles; and by presenting a new theory for confiscation, we move toward socializing law and protecting individuals' rights and jurisprudence and legal principles of insuring confiscated properties are studied based on development of the wise, rule of prohibition of detriment, the inclusion of generalities and applications of evidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Juridical and Legal Investigation of Losses Caused by Negative Inflation
Farshid Rajabi Ali Akbar Izadifard Ali Akbar JahaniEconomic topics are consistently one of the most important and basic issues of any country. One of these issues is the negative inflation debate, which means reducing the general level of prices. Accordingly, once the economy of a country experiences negative inflation, MoreEconomic topics are consistently one of the most important and basic issues of any country. One of these issues is the negative inflation debate, which means reducing the general level of prices. Accordingly, once the economy of a country experiences negative inflation, there will be considerable losses for the owner of goods and capital. Additionally, this negative inflation is followed by recession and closure of factories as well as production facilities. Moreover, one of the new-found phenomena and problems of the modern world is the insurance issue and insurer companies which are developed on the basis of damage compensation principle; however, these insurer companies do not insure damages caused by negative inflation. This study aimed to investigate the legitimacy basis of damage insurance due to negative inflation, for instance generalities and absolutes of evidence, relying of wises, rubbing of criterion and law articles such as article 190 of civil code and articles 1, 4, 28 and 29 of insurance law plus other principles and rules, in order to involve these losses in the insurance contracts format. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Presenting a Hybrid Model based on the Machine Learning for the Classification of Banking and Insurance Industry Common Customers
Hamidreza Amirhassankhani Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy reza radfar Alireza pourebrahimiGlobal competition, dynamic markets, and rapidly shrinking innovation and technology cycles, all have imposed significant challenges on the financial, banking, and insurance industries and the need to data analysis for improving decision-making processes in these organi MoreGlobal competition, dynamic markets, and rapidly shrinking innovation and technology cycles, all have imposed significant challenges on the financial, banking, and insurance industries and the need to data analysis for improving decision-making processes in these organizations has become increasingly important. In this regard, the data stored in the databases of these organizations are considered as valuable sources of information and knowledge needed for organizational decisions. In the present research, the researchers focus on the common customers of the bank and insurance industry. The purpose is to provide a methodology to predict the performance of new customers based on the behavior of previous customers. To this end, a hybrid model based on support vector machine and genetic algorithm is used. The support vector machine is responsible for modeling the relationship between customer performance and their identity information and the genetic algorithm is responsible for tuning and optimizing the parameters of the support vector machine. The results obtained from customer classification using the proposed model in this research led to customer classification with a high accuracy of 99%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Comparative Study of Productivity of Islamic Takafel Insurance and Conventional Insurance Based on Fuzzy Hierarchical Analysis Method
Kazem Amjadi Yadollah Rajaei Mahamed Dalmanpour Ashkan RahimzadehTakafel Insurance is a relatively new but growing sector of Islamic financial industry that has intrigued many researchers and executives. Yet, owing to the low public confidence in this type of insurance, many researchers and executives are still skeptical about releva MoreTakafel Insurance is a relatively new but growing sector of Islamic financial industry that has intrigued many researchers and executives. Yet, owing to the low public confidence in this type of insurance, many researchers and executives are still skeptical about relevant issues like its performance and productivity. Therefore, the present descriptive-analytical inquiry set out to compare the productivity of TAKFEL insurance industry against conventional insurance based on Fuzzy Hierarchical Analysis Method. The research population of included two groups of research experts as well as senior managers at insurance companies, organizations active in the insurance sector and associations active in the insurance industry of East Azerbaijan Province from whom a sample of 47and 15were selected to participate in the first and second phases of the study, respectively. Two questionnaires were employed to collect the research data concerning identification of the productivity indices affecting the evaluation of different types of insurance in the initial phase of the study as well as finding out the importance of each of the indicators in the second phase. One-sample t-test and fuzzy hierarchical analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings revealed the higher productivity of conventional insurance with asset return as the most important among the productivity indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Insurance Branches Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) (Case study: Branches of Insurance Company in the Southern Provinces of Iran)
Mahmood Dniyali dah hooz Saede KetabiEvaluation of the effectiveness of organizations has always been the concern of researchers. Hence, over the years numerous techniques for doing this have been proposed and used. One of the techniques that is widely used in various research areas and a high proportion o MoreEvaluation of the effectiveness of organizations has always been the concern of researchers. Hence, over the years numerous techniques for doing this have been proposed and used. One of the techniques that is widely used in various research areas and a high proportion of related scientific evaluation is data envelopment analysis (DEA). Besides, the insurance industry as a growing industry in the country has attracted the attention of researchers and administrators. Among the various issues in this area is the problem of performance evaluation and performance indicator. Because of the small amount of performance and its comparison in various branches and units, we can investigate different procedures in increasing the efficiency of the insurance branches and the steps taken to improve it. This study uses data envelopment analysis to measure the efficiency of insurance branches and after recognizing the efficient and inefficient offices by using technical tools, we have introduced the factors that are responsible for inefficiency of ineffective branches and finally we have presented some practical solutions to improve the performance of the insurance units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Ranking and Assessing the Efficacy of Insurance in Iran Using Dynamic Approach of Data Window Analysis
Ali Fazel Yazdi Mahmoud MoeinAddinOne of the important items within the sixth development plan is the insurance industry, an industry that can be effective in the establishment and stabilization of resistive economy in the case it moves within the path of development and perfection. Assessment of the ef MoreOne of the important items within the sixth development plan is the insurance industry, an industry that can be effective in the establishment and stabilization of resistive economy in the case it moves within the path of development and perfection. Assessment of the efficacy is among the main elements of productivity cycle and functions as a system controlling the other elements of the cycle. In this research, in order to assess the efficacy of private and public insurance companies, a comprehensive model with high accuracy was designed using data envelopment analysis. Due to considering “time” as the determining factor, the mentioned model is referred to as dynamic model of Data Window Analysis. In this research, by using the literature and expert opinion in research centers, the evaluation criteria were obtained and then using data window analysis during the period from 1385 to 1391, the efficiency of each unit was determined and finally, the units were ranked. Based on the conducted studies, three factors were considered as input, namely, total number of the employees, total number of the branches, and the sum of the assets; and five factors, namely, compensated losses, number of issued insurance cards, number of compensated losses, insurance income generated, and net profit and loss were considered as the model outputs. The findings show that Mellat Insurance Incorporation has perfect efficacy in all the studied years in comparison with the companies Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Designing the role model of evolution, requirements, quality dimensions and principles of total quality management In the implementation of insurance policies (Case study: General Department of Social Security of Kerman province)
Mojgan nazeri sanjar salajeghe navid fatehi radPolicy implementation is seen as an integrated set of interaction processes between goal setting and action to achieve goals, and they believe that implementation should not be separate from formulation and the biggest problem in policy implementation is ignoring specif MorePolicy implementation is seen as an integrated set of interaction processes between goal setting and action to achieve goals, and they believe that implementation should not be separate from formulation and the biggest problem in policy implementation is ignoring specific arrangements at the stage. They suggest formation. There are many factors that can help in the implementation of policies, among which we can mention the evolution, requirements, quality dimensions and principles of total quality management. To collect data from six researcher-made questionnaires, the evolution of quality , Quality requirements and principles of total quality management and quality dimensions, insurance lines of the Social Security Organization based on the 5-point Likert scale have been used. The statistical population of this study is two groups of experts and all employees of the General Department of Social Security of Kerman province. SPSS and AMOS software were used to analyze the data. The results showed quality evolution, quality requirements and principles of total quality management and quality dimensions. Each of them has a significant and direct relationship with the implementation of the insurance policies of the Social Security Organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Designing a conceptual model of management risks related to the implementation of insurance policies in the insurance industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Samira Ghazavi sanjar salajeghe Alireza Manzari TavakoliThe main purpose of this study is to provide a model for evaluating the policies of the Social Security Organization with a network governance approach. To select a suitable sample from the community of experts and university professors by non-random sampling method of MoreThe main purpose of this study is to provide a model for evaluating the policies of the Social Security Organization with a network governance approach. To select a suitable sample from the community of experts and university professors by non-random sampling method of selective type to 16 people and for the community of senior, middle and executive managers of the Social Security Organization in Tehran province by multi-stage random sampling method Based on Morgan table, 89 questionnaires were collected. In order to achieve the desired model based on the network governance approach, four factors of network design, network formation, network management and network participation are identified and based on administrative, judicial and political evaluation, 18 questions are considered for each index. Data are analyzed by SPSS and LISREL software through heuristic factor analysis and path analysis. The results showed that the policy evaluation indicators are part of the judicial approach in the network formation index in network governance are approved and can be an appropriate criterion for measuring the network governance indicators defined for evaluation. Introduce the policies of the Social Security Organization. In terms of ranking, the highest priority is given to the political sub-criterion in terms of network participation, and finally the judicial sub-criterion of network design is in the last rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Estimating the market power of the insurance industry in Iran using the Hall-Roger approach (during the period 1380-1399)
Jafar Yousefi Mehdi Moradi Yousof HajiAsghari Rostam GaradagiEstimating the amount of market power and determining the market structure of various industries is one of the most important topics in microeconomics,because the amount of production and price of various goods and services is affected by the degree of monopoly and mark MoreEstimating the amount of market power and determining the market structure of various industries is one of the most important topics in microeconomics,because the amount of production and price of various goods and services is affected by the degree of monopoly and market power of that industry.The purpose of this research is to estimate the degree of agreement and the levelof market power of the insurance industry using the Hall-Roger approach in the form of supply and demand equations with the help ofpanel data using the two-stage least squares method.For this purpose,the information of27public and private insurance companies In addition to the large share of their financial market in employment, the insurance industry is closely related to the characteristics of savings and the level of economic development of countries, and as one of the tools of risk management, it provides the expansion of social welfare on the one hand, and on the other hand It leads to the growth of investment and, as a result, more production and economic prosperity.As expected,the research results indicate the mutual dependence of insurance industry companiesSo that more than 85%of the investigated insurance companies have been able to enjoy a significant profit margin by creating a gap between the price and the final cost.Also the calculation results related to theLerner index based on theHall model show the information related to the coefficient of heterogeneity among insurance companies.Iran insurance has the highest Lerner index with a coefficient of0.565andAsia,Dana andPasargad insurances are in the next ranks with0.419,0.248and0.182respectively, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Analysis of Insurance Mechanisms for Non-Fungible Tokens
amirreza mahmoudi Seyedeh mahshid Miri balajorshariSecuring cyberspace and ensuring its security against the risks that exist is one of the most important human challenges in today's societies. New laws need to be legislated and passed so as to enable legal solutions to come into existence to combat the potential and ac MoreSecuring cyberspace and ensuring its security against the risks that exist is one of the most important human challenges in today's societies. New laws need to be legislated and passed so as to enable legal solutions to come into existence to combat the potential and actual risks of cyberspace, giving rise to a safer and more secure space. In order to make this happen, nowadays insurance companies have started offering virtual insurance services related to cyberspace. With the advancement of blockchain technology, non-fungible tokens are becoming more and more valuable. Therefore, insurance for valuable products worth millions of dollars is essential. This article seeks to explain the strategies and methods for applying insurance to non-fungible tokens. In this article, we seek to investigate and evaluate the feasibility of insurance for non-fungible tokens inspired by similar examples employing analytical descriptive methods. As a general conclusion, it can be stated that the insurance of these products requires widespread popularity of these products, establishment of appropriate laws, creation of systematic platforms and creation of desire in insurance companies to insure non-fungible tokens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Analyzing the relationship between corporate social responsibility and Corporate image and with the mediating role of the Service quality insurance Dana Corporate
Ebrahim khademi Vahid Mirzaei Bagher Rostami iman modaberiResearch Present With a purpose Analyzing the relationship between corporate social responsibility and Corporate image and with the mediating role of the Service quality insurance Done. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of the method of collectin MoreResearch Present With a purpose Analyzing the relationship between corporate social responsibility and Corporate image and with the mediating role of the Service quality insurance Done. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of the method of collecting descriptive-survey data of correlation type. The statistical population of the research includes all customers of Dana Insurance Company in North Khorasan province. To determine the sample size, the thumb rule method was used, and a total of 405 individuals were selected as the sample using relative stratified random sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by management professors; Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the mentioned questionnaire, and the said coefficient was obtained for the variables of corporate social responsibility (0.907), service quality (0.912) and Corporate image (0.859).The collected data were performed using descriptive statistical methods through Spss26 software and inferential statistics (structural equation method) using Lisrel 8.8 software. The research findings showed; corporate social responsibility has a positive and significant relationship with Corporate image and service quality. Service quality has a positive and meaningful relationship with Corporate image. also; ; corporate social responsibility Indirectly and through service quality with Corporate image It has a positive and significant relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Providing a Risky Investment Model in the Insurance Industry based on the Fuzzy Network Analysis Process
Yazdan Gudarzi Farahani Hossein Abbasinejad Elnaz Hasani Parsa -
Open Access Article
118 - تشکیل مدل مؤثر بیمه حیوانات اهلی در اوکراین
O. Alshanovaمسأله امنیت غذایی در دهههای اخیر ابعاد جهانی یافته است. رشد جمعیت، کاهش زمینهای مناسب برای کشاورزی و عوامل بوم شناختی منجر به افزایش سریع در تقاضای غذا شده است. در این شرایط، نقش کشورهایی که قادر به صادرات محصولات کشاورزی در کوتاه مدت باشند، برجسته میشود. اوکراین ب Moreمسأله امنیت غذایی در دهههای اخیر ابعاد جهانی یافته است. رشد جمعیت، کاهش زمینهای مناسب برای کشاورزی و عوامل بوم شناختی منجر به افزایش سریع در تقاضای غذا شده است. در این شرایط، نقش کشورهایی که قادر به صادرات محصولات کشاورزی در کوتاه مدت باشند، برجسته میشود. اوکراین به دلیل برخورداری از شرایط اقلیمی مطلوب و منابع انسانی مناسب از شانس و فرصت بالایی در تولید محصولات کشاورزی برخوردار است. با این حال پتانسیل موجود در بخش کشاورزی عمدتاً در زمینه میوهها و محصولات باغی است که به صورت قابل ملاحظهای راهبردهای رقابتی اوکراین در بازارهای جهانی را تضعیف میکند. فقدان مکانیسمهای مؤثر پوششهای بیمهای یکی از عواملی است که از توسعه پرورش حیوانات اهلی در اوکراین ممانعت به عمل میآورد. تجارب جهانی نشان میدهد که بیمه حیوانات اهلی سبب تغییر در شرایط حمایتی فعلی در بخش کشاورزی میشود. پیوستن اوکراین به بازار جهانی محصولات کشاورزی سبب میشود که از سازوکارهای بیمهای یکپارچه برای حیوانات اهلی که کاراییشان را در سایر کشورها نشان دادهاند، استفاده به عمل آید. در حال حاضر این بخش ترجیح میدهد که از شکلهای دیگری از حمایتهای تجاری نظیر تنظیم قیمت، پرداخت یارانه و سهولت دستیابی به منابع مالی برخوردار شود. ولی از طرف دیگر شرکتهای اوکراینی فعال در بخش کشاورزی نیازمند پوششهای بیمهای هستند. اجرای تجارب تجاری بیمه حیوانات اهلی در اوکراین نیز به دلیل فقدان مراکز تجاری محصولات کشاورزی و نبود زیرساختهای مناسب بازار با مشکل مواجه میشود. وضعیت فعلی مؤسسات مالی عمومی نیز احتمال موفقیت در اجرای راهبردهای بیمه حیوانات اهلی برمبنای استفاده از بودجه دولت مرکزی را کاهش میدهد. بنابراین اوکراین باید بهگونهای جهتگیری نماید که پرورش دهندگان حیوانات اهلی، متقاضی حمایتهای بیمهای با حداقل استفاده از بودجه عمومی باشند. این موضوع ایجاد شرایط تشکیل و راه اندازی مدل مؤثر بیمه حیوانات اهلی و بهینه سازی برنامههای جاری برای توسعه این بخش را مشخص میکند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - مطالعه عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش بیمه توسط تولیدکنندگان گیاهان زینتی، مطالعه موردی: استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد
یعقوب زراعت کیش نرگس میرزاییبیمه کشاورزی از جمله راه­کارهای مناسب برای غلبه بر ریسک حاکم بر تولید در بخش کشاورزی و افزایش اطمینان خاطر کشاورزان نسبت به درآمد آینده خویش است. در بخش کشاورزی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد نیز با توجه به سابقه بالای بیماری­های کشاورزی و سایر تلفات محصول، احتمال ری Moreبیمه کشاورزی از جمله راه­کارهای مناسب برای غلبه بر ریسک حاکم بر تولید در بخش کشاورزی و افزایش اطمینان خاطر کشاورزان نسبت به درآمد آینده خویش است. در بخش کشاورزی استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد نیز با توجه به سابقه بالای بیماری­های کشاورزی و سایر تلفات محصول، احتمال ریسک تولید و متعاقب آن، ریسک درآمد در این حوزه زیاد است. از آنجائی­که اکثر کشاورزان در منطقهی مورد مطالعه، از سطوح پائین درآمدی و معیشتی برخوردار هستند، بنابراین مخاطرات طبیعی و انواع بیماری­ها می­تواند خسارات جبران ناپذیر معیشتی بر آنها وارد کند. در این راستا یکی از مهمترین سازوکارهای حمایتی در راستای کاهش ناپایداری و مقابله با ماهیت پیشبینیناپذیر این مخاطرات بیمه کشاورزی است. اما بیمه در این بخش در صورتی می­تواند بر تولید و درآمد تاثیرگذار باشد که عوامل موثر بر تقاضای بیمه توسط تولیدکنندگان گیاهان زینتی در استان شناسایی شده و طیف وسیعی از کشاورزان تحت پوشش بیمه قرار گیرند. هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه پذیرش بیمه توسط تولیدکنندگان گیاهان زینتی در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد است. در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی عوامل موثر بر تقاضای بیمه با تاکید بر نقش تولید گل­های زینتی، از مدل لوجیت استفاده شده که نتایج بیانگر تاثیرگذاری عوامل متعدد اقتصادی و اجتماعی بر تقاضا و پذیرش بیمه از سوی کشاورزان است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Assessment on Farm Enterprises, Major Agricultural Risks and Demand for Micro-Insurance Services by Smallholder Farmers in Selected Areas of Benishangulgumuz, Western Ethiopia
Alemayehu Lamore -
Open Access Article
121 - Beyond The Covid-19 Global Pandemic: An Assessment of Agri-Food Related Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ Uptake of Insurance Covers
Adeyemi Ayinde-Olawale Idowu Ogunyemi -
Open Access Article
122 - Barriers of Pastures Insurance Development from Experts' Perspective
Maryam Omidi Najafabadi Mahsa Rami -
Open Access Article
123 - Assessment of the Levels of Awareness and Use of Agricultural Insurance Scheme among the Rural Farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria
Stephen Jimoh Ibitoye -
Open Access Article
124 - Assessing the impact of strategic thinking on the performance of managers (Case Study of our Insurance Company)
tavos qaribiThis research studies the effect of strategic thinking on the performance of our insurance company managers. The main objective of this research is to determine the impact of each dimension of strategic thinking on the performance of managers in our insurance company. I MoreThis research studies the effect of strategic thinking on the performance of our insurance company managers. The main objective of this research is to determine the impact of each dimension of strategic thinking on the performance of managers in our insurance company. In this study, the information was first collected and evaluated to examine the concepts of strategic thinking and performance of managers, and the development of literature and history of research in a library method. Then, a survey questionnaire was used to determine the effect of strategic thinking on managers' performance Our insurance company was distributed and collected and the results of the collected questionnaires were analyzed. The results indicate that it is possible to improve the performance of the company's executives by developing a system approach including dimensions such as feedback, hypothesis, civic thinking and globalization rather than partial optimization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - بررسی نقش بیمه در مدیریت ریسک مرغداری های گوشتی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان رودبار)
یزدان حبیبی جعفر عزیزی فتح الله کشاورزانجام هرگونه فعالیت در بخش کشاورزی، به دلیل وجود رویدادهای طبیعی خسارت زا، با مخاطره هایی مواجه است. لذا به منظور کاهش ریسک بالای فعالیتهای بخش کشاورزی ازجمله طیور و افزایش ضریب امنیت سرمایه گذاری دراین بخش، شناسایی انواع ریسک وهمچنین روشهای مدیریت ریسک امری ضروری تلقی Moreانجام هرگونه فعالیت در بخش کشاورزی، به دلیل وجود رویدادهای طبیعی خسارت زا، با مخاطره هایی مواجه است. لذا به منظور کاهش ریسک بالای فعالیتهای بخش کشاورزی ازجمله طیور و افزایش ضریب امنیت سرمایه گذاری دراین بخش، شناسایی انواع ریسک وهمچنین روشهای مدیریت ریسک امری ضروری تلقی می شود. هدف این تحقیق توصیفی- پیمایشی، بررسی نقش بیمه در مدیریت ریسک مرغداریهای گوشتی شهرستان رودبار میباشد. جامعه آماری آن شامل واحدهای پرورش نیمچه گوشتی شهرستان رودبار (121=n) بود. در این تحقیق با استفاده ازجدول بارتلت تعداد 55 نفر ازپرورش دهندگان مرغ گوشتی فعال به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب ومورد پرسش قرار گرفتند برای جمع آوری اطلاعات میدانی از مصاحبه وابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شد که روایی آن از طریق پانل متخصصان وپایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 73 درصد(درمجموع) مورد تایید قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها با استفاده از نرمافزارهایSPSSv21 در دو سطح آمار توصیفی و استنباطی صورت گرفت. نتایج حاصل ازتحقیق با استفاده از رگرسیون گام به گام انجام گرفت وبا توجه به اهداف تحقیق، نتایج نشان داد که مهمترین ریسکهای تهدید کننده تولید عبارتند از: بهداشت،عوامل فنی،تغذیه ،پیشگیری ازبیماریها وظرفیت واحد تولیدی.براساس نتایج حاصل از همبستگی بین متغییرها رابطه مثبت ومعنی داری بین متغییر وابسته تحقیق(مدیریت ریسک) با متغییرهای ظرفیت،عوامل بهداشتی،عوامل فنی،تغذیه،پیشگیری از بیماریها وبیمه وجود داشت.همچنین بین متغییر مدیریت ریسک ومتغییرهای سن وسابقه فعالیت ارتباط مثبت ومعنی داری به دست نیامد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - تدوین بیمه عملکرد منطقهای با استفاده از روشهای پارامتریک آلترناتیو: مطالعه موردی گندم در استان آذربایجان شرقی
محمد قهرمانزداه حسین راحلی طراوت عارف عشقی قادر دشتیدر طراحی بیمه عملکرد منطقه‏ ای، سطح تعهد و نرخ حق بیمه، پارامترهای بسیار مهمی هستند که هر دوی آنها بستگی به توزیع عملکرد محصول دارند. از این­رو، الگوسازی دقیق توزیع عملکرد برای طراحی قراردادهای بیمه محصول ضروری می‏باشد. این پژوهش با استفاده از داده‏ های Moreدر طراحی بیمه عملکرد منطقه‏ ای، سطح تعهد و نرخ حق بیمه، پارامترهای بسیار مهمی هستند که هر دوی آنها بستگی به توزیع عملکرد محصول دارند. از این­رو، الگوسازی دقیق توزیع عملکرد برای طراحی قراردادهای بیمه محصول ضروری می‏باشد. این پژوهش با استفاده از داده‏ های سری زمانی عملکرد گندم آبی و دیم در شهرستان‏های استان آذربایجان شرقی، به بررسی اثرات پنج توزیع پارامتریک آلترناتیو و تعیین حق بیمه عملکرد منطقه‏ای در دوره زمانی 1354 تا 1392 می‏پردازد. نتایج بدست آمده حاکی است که تقریباً در تمامی موارد، نرخ‏های حق بیمه برآورد شده با استفاده از توزیع‏ های آلترناتیو، به طور معنی ‏داری از یکدیگر متفاوتند و توزیع بتا به استثناء چند مورد که برای آنها توزیع ویبول توزیع مناسبتری است مناسب‏ترین توزیع می‏باشد. بنا بر نتایج بدست آمده، مقادیر حق بیمه برای گندم آبی از 246000 ریال در هر هکتار در سطح پوشش 65 درصد برای شهرستان میانه تا 460000 ریال در هر هکتار برای شهرستان تبریز تغییر می‏کند و برای گندم دیم، مقدار حق بیمه از 265000 ریال برای شهرستان تبریز تا 860000 ریال در هر هکتار برای شهرستان مراغه متغیر است. افزون بر این نتایج حاکی است که حق‏ بیمه‏ های محاسبه شده مقادیر کمتری نسبت به حق‏بیمه‏های سنتی دارند که برای بیمه ‏شونده و بیمه‏ گر قابل اجرا می‏باشند چرا که بیمه ‏شوندگان مبالغ حق‏ بیمه‏ کمتری را پرداخت می‏نمایند و از آنجا که در بیمه عملکرد منطقه­ ایی به ‏منظور محاسبه غرامت‏ها از روش‏های جدیدی استفاده می‏شود که دیگر نیازی به حضور در مزارع برای محاسبات میزان خسارت وجود ندارد، برای بیمه‏ گر نیز قابل استفاده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - بررسی عوامل بازدارنده توسعه بیمه محصول خرما: مطالعه موردی شهرستان سراوان
محمدرضا ساسولی مجید کریم زاده عبدالرشید جام نیامیزان موفقیت و کارایی سیاست بیمه محصولات کشاورزی بستگی به تقاضا و گرایش کشاورزان نسبت به بیمه محصولاتشان دارد؛ بدین منظور تقاضای بیمه توسط 441 نخلکار در شهرستان سراوان مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. 87/68 درصد نخلکاران موافق به بیمه نبودند. نتایج مدل لاجیت رتبه­ای در Moreمیزان موفقیت و کارایی سیاست بیمه محصولات کشاورزی بستگی به تقاضا و گرایش کشاورزان نسبت به بیمه محصولاتشان دارد؛ بدین منظور تقاضای بیمه توسط 441 نخلکار در شهرستان سراوان مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. 87/68 درصد نخلکاران موافق به بیمه نبودند. نتایج مدل لاجیت رتبه­ای در پنج سطح متفاوت نشان داد که آگاهی از فواید بیمه، سابقه بیمه، عملکرد سال قبل، تحصیلات، انحراف معیار درآمد، مساحت نخلستان و میزان رضایت مندی از خدمات بیمه از متغیرهای مهم و اثرگذار بر تقاضای بیمه می­باشد. درصد تغییر احتمال پذیرش بیمه در هر پنج سطح بدست آمد. افزایش یک درصدی در میزان رضایت­مندی از خدمات بیمه باعث می­شود که احتمال انتقال فرد کاملاً مخالف به سطح مخالف 3/6 درصد افزایش یافت. نخلکاران مسن­تر از پذیرش بیمه امتناع می­کنند که این موضوع با توجه به نوع نگرش مذهبی در منطقه مورد مطالعه در مورد نرخ بهره از یک سو و از سوی دیگر مقاومت افراد مسن در مقابل راهکارهای نوین مدیریت ریسک قابل تأمل است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - عوامل بازدارنده و تشویقکنندة پذیرش بیمه کشاورزی در نیجریه
فائوسیات اُلاجید-آددامولا لقمان آبیودون آکینبیلریسکهای کشاورزی جزو چالشهای مهم در نیجریه هستند. درنتیجه، نمیتوان به راحتی از کنار اهمیت بیمة کشاورزی در مدیریت ریسکهای مزرعه گذشت. با توجه به اینکه زیربخش محصولات زراعی حدود 85 درصد GDP کشاورزی در نیجریه را تشکیل میدهد، در این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی آگاهی و عوامل م Moreریسکهای کشاورزی جزو چالشهای مهم در نیجریه هستند. درنتیجه، نمیتوان به راحتی از کنار اهمیت بیمة کشاورزی در مدیریت ریسکهای مزرعه گذشت. با توجه به اینکه زیربخش محصولات زراعی حدود 85 درصد GDP کشاورزی در نیجریه را تشکیل میدهد، در این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی آگاهی و عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی توسط کشاورزان نیجریه هستیم. دادهها براساس یک برنامة مصاحبه از 310 کشاورزی جمعآوری شدند که به صورت تصادفی از سه منطقة اگرواکولوژیکی نیجریه انتخاب شده بودند. سپس این دادهها توسط فراوانی و درصد مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. اکثر کشاورزانی که از بیمة کشاورزی آگاه بودند (7/82 درصد) از آن استفاده نمیکردند. عوامل بازدارندة اصلی که ذکر شدند عبارتند از پیچیدگی روشها (2/70 درصد)، دسترسی (9/64 درصد)، بهای بالا (2/63 درصد) و ملاحظات مذهبی/اخلاقی (2/41 درصد). ازنظر پاسخدهندهها مهمترین عوامل برانگیزاننده عبارتند از افزایش دسترسی محلی به دفاتر بیمة کشاورزی (4/88 درصد)، افزایش گرایش برای دریافت خسارت (1/87 درصد) و کاهش روشهای بوروکراتیک (7/79 درصد). در این مطالعه، به این نتیجه میرسیم که آگاهی در میان عوامل اصلی تعیینکنندة پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی در نیجریه نیست. براساس نتایج پیشنهاد میشود که روشها باید سادهسازی بشوند و دفاتر بیمة کشاورزی باید در هر منطقه در دسترس کشاورزان باشند. همچنین باید روشهای بیمه بازطراحی بشوند تا کشاورزانی که به خاطر ملاحظات مذهبی/اخلاقی از پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی سربازمیزنند، نسبت به آن تشویق شوند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - عوامل مؤثر بر رضایتمندی بیمهگزاران از عملکرد صندوق بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی (مطالعه موردی: گندمکاران شهرستان ایلام)
Esfandyar Mohammadi Roya Eshraghiنظر به این­که بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی یکی از ابزارهای مؤثر مدیریت ریسک در بخش کشاورزی به شمار می­رود، لذا موجب کاهش ریسک­گریزی کشاورزان و افزایش کارآیی آنان در استفادۀ بهینه از عوامل تولید و تمایل به سرمایه­گذاری بیشتر در بخش کشاورزی می­شود. به­طوری Moreنظر به این­که بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی یکی از ابزارهای مؤثر مدیریت ریسک در بخش کشاورزی به شمار می­رود، لذا موجب کاهش ریسک­گریزی کشاورزان و افزایش کارآیی آنان در استفادۀ بهینه از عوامل تولید و تمایل به سرمایه­گذاری بیشتر در بخش کشاورزی می­شود. به­طوری که رضایت­مندی بیمه­گزاران فعلی موجب گسترش مشارکت کشاورزان در برنامه­های بیمه می­شود. در این راستا، هدف این پژوهش، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رضایت­مندی بیمه­گزاران شهرستان ایلام از عملکرد صندوق بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کشاورزان گندم­کار ساکن شهرستان ایلام که در سال زراعی 1392 اقدام به بیمه محصول گندم خود نموده­ بودند، تشکیل داد (158=N)؛ که با توجه به تعداد محدود این افراد، کلیۀ آنان با استفاده از روش سرشماری مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. ابزار گردآوری داده پرسشنامه­ای بود که روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از نظرات اساتید دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ایلام و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (0/80) تأیید شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSSwin19انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که 68 درصد از تغییرات رضایت­مندی بیمه­گزاران شهرستان ایلام از عملکرد صندوق بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی، توسط متغیرهای نگرش نسبت به بیمه محصولات، عملکرد صندوق بیمه، ارائه خدمات و تسهیلات توسط صندوق بیمه، میزان سرعت عمل و مهارت کارکنان صندوق بیمه تبیین می­شود. نتایج این مطالعه، می­تواند دستاوردهایی برای صندوق بیمۀ محصولات کشاورزی در راستای گسترش این خدمات در سطح کشور داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Identify and rank the factors affecting sales forces empowerment in the insurance industry
hashem daghighi asli kambiz shahroodi seyed mozafar mirbargkar yalda rahmatiObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of ranking the factors affecting the performance of the sales network in the insurance industry.Method: In the present study, the in-depth interview method was used to identify the factors and the network analysis MoreObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of ranking the factors affecting the performance of the sales network in the insurance industry.Method: In the present study, the in-depth interview method was used to identify the factors and the network analysis method was used to rank the factors. The statistical population includes all experts in the insurance industry in Gilan province, including the insurance industry sales network, with experience and higher education, and technical and staff managers and major insurers, among whom 17 of them with the conditions of having at least a degree Master's degree and work experience of at least 15 years in the insurance industry and by snowball method were selected as a statistical sample for interview and completion of a pairwise comparison questionnaire.Findings: The findings show that the performance of the sales network in the insurance industry is a function of individual factors related to agents and factors related to the organization of agents, insurance agent performance, factors related to central insurance, factors related to the insurance company, and environmental factors. Also, the findings of the ranking section have shown that the individual factors related to the representatives of the first rank and the organizational factors related to the representatives, the factors related to the central insurance, environmental factors and the factors related to the insurance company are ranked first to fourth, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Identifying the factors affecting performance management in the insurance industry is the key tool of human capital (Case study: Iran Insurance Company)
mahnoosh ashgharzadeh Asadalah mehrara mojtaba tabari mahnoosh asgharzadehObjective: In the present study, the aim is to "investigate the factors affecting performance management in the insurance industry." In order to conduct this study, an attempt has been made to scrutinize the current performance of the insurance industry from different a MoreObjective: In the present study, the aim is to "investigate the factors affecting performance management in the insurance industry." In order to conduct this study, an attempt has been made to scrutinize the current performance of the insurance industry from different angles, its changes and developments have been studied and in accordance with the indicators, components and effective factors and internal and external characteristics of companies operating in Iran insurance industry, a model and Provide a comprehensive and integrated performance management model.Methods: This study is an applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection and field branch. The research method was survey. The statistical population of this research consists of insurance industry employees.Results: The results indicate that all the variables calculated in the form of the mentioned levels were confirmed as variables that should be considered in the design of the desired model. Also, considering that the absolute value of t-value for all relationships between variables was greater than the critical value of 1.96 and all factor loads in the standard state was greater than 0.3, so none of the relationships were rejected and all variables and relationships were confirmed; Therefore, the initial model of the research was finally approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Designing a Model Based on Effective Actions to Control Destructive Deviant Behaviors of Human Resurces
Mojtaba Forouz Shahrestani Homa Doroudi Firoozeh HajialiakbariBrands are always influenced by internal and external factors that play a fundamental role in enhancing their value in the production and service sector. Among the internal organizational factors, behavioral factors related to human resources are mentioned as one of the MoreBrands are always influenced by internal and external factors that play a fundamental role in enhancing their value in the production and service sector. Among the internal organizational factors, behavioral factors related to human resources are mentioned as one of the important and essential factors; Because if these behaviors are positive, they lead to the promotion of brand value, but if they are negative and deviant, they are considered a threat to organizations, especially public organizations with economic activities, more than private organizations with non-economic activities. In such a situation, behavior management and implementation of actions to control and reduce deviant behaviors seem necessary. Therefore, the aim of the research was to provide a model to improve the brand value of Iran Insurance Company as one of the public economic organizations through controlling and reducing deviant behaviors. For this purpose, first, library studies were conducted and using the meta synthesis qualitative method, the factors of occurrence of deviant behaviors and effective actions to control and reduce the statistics and with thematic analysis method, 48 factors in 6 categories and 45 actions in 4 categories were coded. Then, with the Delphi-fuzzy technique and the distribution of Delphi survey forms among 30 insurance experts in the 3 northern provinces of Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan, 30 factors in 5 categories and 39 actions in the final 4 categories were entered into the hierarchical model. results showed that structural and organizational actions with a weight of about 0.340 have the highest importance... Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Strategy on Life Insurance Demand (Case Study: Bushehr Insurance Companies)
Esmaeil Kamalirad Seyedeh Rahil HashemiStrategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for MoreStrategic management with its emphasis on strategic thinking has become an undeniable requirement in today's business world. Classical approaches to strategic planning have fallen into the trap of stereotyping and have been criticized by many organizational thinkers for neglecting its core essence, strategic thinking. On the other hand, the inherent disorder of strategic thinking causes confusion among strategic managers and doubts about the reproducibility of organizational strategic decisions. In this research, the intention is to investigate the effect of strategic thinking on innovation and the successful introduction of new products by Alborz Insurance Company. Standard questionnaires were used to measure research variables. The questionnaire was distributed among 126 sample people from the statistical population who are the managers and sales representatives of Alborz Insurance Company in Bushehr province. The research method was descriptive-correlational. To answer the questions and test the research hypotheses with Smart-PLS software, the method of studying structural equations and path analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results showed that strategic thinking and its dimensions (systemic perspective, focus on intention, smart opportunism, time thinking, and hypothesis-based thinking) have a significant impact on innovation and the successful introduction of products and services of Alborz Insurance Company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Investigating the Impact of Organizational Strategy on Life Insurance Demand (Case study: Bushehr insurance companies)
azimeh hamidian Esmaeil KamaliradLife insurance, like other insurances, is the answer to the worries and anxieties of the people of a society. The insurer's concern stems from unexpected events such as disability and death, or from changes in the family's income and economic conditions. In this type of MoreLife insurance, like other insurances, is the answer to the worries and anxieties of the people of a society. The insurer's concern stems from unexpected events such as disability and death, or from changes in the family's income and economic conditions. In this type of insurance, the insurer can, depending on the condition of receiving the insurance benefits of the insurance (life or death of the insured), how to receive the benefits (lump sum or as a pension), the time of receiving the benefits and paying the premium, any insurance policy that answer his needs, buy. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of organizational strategy on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. In this study, research variables were evaluated by a questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 136 sample people from the statistical population, which is all managers and experts of insurance companies in Bushehr province. The research method was descriptive-correlational. To answer the questions and test the research hypotheses with Smart-PLS software, the method of studying structural equations and path analysis using the partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results indicate that all three organizational strategies (market penetration strategy, development strategy and product development strategy) have a significant effect on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. The results also showed that the product development strategy has the greatest impact on life insurance demand in insurance companies in Bushehr province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Identifying and Prioritizing Insurance Frauds and Violations and the Antecedents Affecting them in the Field of Supplementary Medical Insurance: A Study in Dana Insurance of Sistan and Baluchistan Province
alireza sargolzaei Sahar Manoochehri Hamidreza Khodadadi DidaniDespite many advances in identifying insurance frauds, the cost caused by these frauds is still increasing for insurance companies. This research seeks to identify and prioritize insurance frauds and violations and the antecedents affecting them in the field of suppleme MoreDespite many advances in identifying insurance frauds, the cost caused by these frauds is still increasing for insurance companies. This research seeks to identify and prioritize insurance frauds and violations and the antecedents affecting them in the field of supplementary medical insurance (Dana insurance of Sistan and Baluchistan province). The method of this study is exploratory in the first stage of data collection and survey in the second stage of data collection. The required data and information have been collected first through library studies and interviews, and then through questionnaires appropriate to each part. The questionnaires were analyzed based on the traditional fuzzy Delphi method. In order to identify the frauds and violations of supplementary medical insurances and related antecedents, 16 experts in this field were identified non-randomly and their opinions were asked. The results were analyzed using SPSS and Excel software. The results of this research showed that in order to prevent insurance frauds and violations, insurance companies can identify the most important causes of violations by carefully validating agents and customers, increase human resources, create points for agents without violations, and determine strict rules in the insurance industry to reduce Fraud and violations in insurance companies can help. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - The Role of Information Management in Managing the Rising Power of Neocrats in Government Organizations (Study of Iran Health Insurance Organization)
Abdolmajid Naderi Semsani Akbar Etebarian Khorasgani Mehraban Hadi Peykani Alborz GheitaniThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of information management in managing the rising power of netocrats in government organizations. This research was conducted in a combined (qualitative and quantitative) method using Strauss and Corbin's structure MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the role of information management in managing the rising power of netocrats in government organizations. This research was conducted in a combined (qualitative and quantitative) method using Strauss and Corbin's structured data theory method. Semi-structured interviews with 17 organizational and academic managers and experts were used to collect data in the qualitative section. In the quantitative section, 350 researcher-made questionnaires were completed from the results of the qualitative section by employees of the Iran Health Insurance Organization, and the data were described and analyzed with SPSS26 and AMOS26 software, and the structural equation model and confirmatory factor analysis technique were used. To check the reliability, 30 questionnaires were distributed and collected among the people of the community, and the result of Cronbach's alpha test was 0.97. Out of 246 extracted conceptual codes, 53 of them are related to background conditions, and 21 of these codes are dedicated to organizational information management and information technology knowledge management. Organizations can prevent the dependence of these processes on individuals by providing timely vital and quality information from the information management platform and sharing it with all stakeholders through information technology knowledge management and managing the rising power of netocrats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Designing a system model of good governance in the Social Security Organization
Behrouz Nikzad Farshad Hajalian Majid Jahangirfard Ali Mahdizadeh Ashrafi -
Open Access Article
138 - The role of Islamic beliefs on the tendency to buy life insurance by emphasizing the mediating role of attitude
Mohammad Azizi Hamid HosseinloIslamic religion and beliefs play an important role in the intention to buy different products. The present study examines the impact of Islamic beliefs on consumers' attitudes and intentions to purchase life insurance. This research is applied in terms of purpose and d MoreIslamic religion and beliefs play an important role in the intention to buy different products. The present study examines the impact of Islamic beliefs on consumers' attitudes and intentions to purchase life insurance. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study was the life insurance customers of Iran insurance Company, whose number is 1379 people, using Cochran's formula, 300 people were randomly selected as a sample. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire. Structural equation method was used for inferential analysis of data. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between Islamic beliefs and attitudes toward life insurance, between consumer attitudes towards life insurance and purchase intention, and finally between product characteristics and purchase intention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Using of Dupont Analysis with Emphasis on Earnings Management and Performance Management in predicting profitability of the insurance industry
Seyed fakhreddin Fakhrhosseini Meysam KavianiOne of the goals of financial reporting is to provide useful information to facilitate decision making. Accounting information system is one of the sources of information provision for users to decide. The use of the Dupont analysis as a tool for measuring performance d MoreOne of the goals of financial reporting is to provide useful information to facilitate decision making. Accounting information system is one of the sources of information provision for users to decide. The use of the Dupont analysis as a tool for measuring performance dates back to the 1920s and its ability to use it to predict profitability is one of the interesting issues of financial management and investment. The present article seeks to answer the question of whether the components of the Dupont ratio, with emphasis on profit and performance management, can be used to predict operating profitability in the insurance industry. So, in order to investigate this, 14 insurance industry companies were selected as systematic sampling method. The data collected during a period of 6 years and between 2015 and 2020 are taken into account that the results of regression analysis show that the marginal changes in earnings at 99% confidence level have a significant effect on future profitability as well as performance management It can affect the profit margin through the margin of profit, and profit management (upward and downward) does not affect the profit margin on future profitability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The effect of the employer's insurance premium on the operating profit of the price of each share in the stock market
Vahid Faghani zadeh farid asgari bamdad partoviThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the employer's insurance premium rate on the operating profit of each share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This study, in terms of the type of resear MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the employer's insurance premium rate on the operating profit of each share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This study, in terms of the type of research; Correlation is cross-sectional and is considered practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research included 666 companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange from the beginning of 2012 to the end of 2018, of which 111 companies were selected as a sample by systematic elimination method. In descriptive statistics, community parameters, including central indicators and community dispersion, were measured and information was analyzed using the regression method based on combined data and Hausman's tests, F (Limer)It was done by the software Oviz. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the insurance rate of the employer's share, the operating profit per share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, it is better for the social security organization to consider the insurance premium rate according to the inflationary conditions and labor income in order to support the industries in attracting labor and the high insurance premium rate does not cause the company managers to increase the total price. to find goods and services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The Impact of Country Risks Index on Commercial Insurance Demand (Case Study: MENA Countries)
Ali Dehghani Niloufar Sheikh RezaieIn this research the main objective is to explore the impact of country risk index on business insurance demand in MENA countries. To this end, understanding the impact of per capita GDP, risk transition function, education level, inflation, urban population and the rea MoreIn this research the main objective is to explore the impact of country risk index on business insurance demand in MENA countries. To this end, understanding the impact of per capita GDP, risk transition function, education level, inflation, urban population and the real interest rate risk in terms of macro-economic, financial, political and commercial insurance demand in the MENA countries are targeted. The research model estimates, the demand for life insurance in three models (with regard to financial risks, economic and political) and three commercial insurance claims (by taking economic, political and financial risks), using data MENA panel of 16 countries during the period from 2007 to 2014, were to examine the effect of country risks. According to the results, political risk in business demand model is ineffective while the other risks related to financial and economical variables are positive and have a significant effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - A Comparative Study of the Efficiency of Insurance Companies in Iran and MENA Countries
Sousan Shokoohigol Ali DehghaniThe critical role and status of the insurance industry in the modern economy is inevitable. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the efficiency of insurance companies in Iran. In the sixth program policies, this issue has also been emphasized. A brief MoreThe critical role and status of the insurance industry in the modern economy is inevitable. In recent years, particular attention has been paid to the efficiency of insurance companies in Iran. In the sixth program policies, this issue has also been emphasized. A brief review of the indicators of the level of insurance penetration, insurance density and the percentage of the total insurance premiums of the world indicate that so far this industry has not achieved its status in the national economy. The first step in the development of insurance is to consider whether insurance companies in Iran, with regard to their resources, are efficient? To this end, insurance industry of Iran and other countries of the MENA were examined. In this study, to measure technical efficiency, non-parametric method of data envelopment analysis and parametric method of stochastic boundary function estimation - to identify the factors affecting the efficiency of insurance companies - and non-parametric method adjustment have been used. Based on the results, the growth of GDP per capita and technical reserves has a positive and significant effect on insurance industry efficiency and the insurance industry of Iran has the highest efficiency among MENA countries Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - A Study of Effective Factors in the Insured’s Satisfaction of life Insurance with the Use of SERVQUAL Model (A Case Study: Novin Insurance Company)
Ali Dehghani Ebrahim Abbasi A. Haji Baqer ZanjaniNowadays, the manufacturing and servicing organizations consider the level of customer satisfaction as an important criterion in measuring the quality of their work, and this trend is still rising. For the time being, because of the vital importance of insurance industr MoreNowadays, the manufacturing and servicing organizations consider the level of customer satisfaction as an important criterion in measuring the quality of their work, and this trend is still rising. For the time being, because of the vital importance of insurance industry in the growth and prosperity of the countries’ economies, the need for it is inevitable. Accordingly, in this research, we investigate factors affecting the insured’s satisfaction of life insurance with the use of SERVQUAL Model in Novin Insurance Company. This model is one of the most popular models that is used in the service sector in the field of quality assessment. The methodology of the research is descriptive-survey. In this study, sampling method is simple random and the statistical population is the insured of life insurance of Novin Insurance Company in Tehran city and the number of samples is 361 people. The results have been examined using Structural Equation Model and the data have been analyzed using SPSS software and SMART PLS. The results of this research indicate that the insured’s satisfaction of life insurance of Novin Insurance Company has not been affected by the physical dimension and that other dimensions of SERVQUAL Model have affected the insured’s satisfaction of life insurance of Novin Insurance Company. Also, research results demonstrate that in four dimensions of SERVQUAL model there exists a gap between the expected quality and insured’s understanding of the quality of services and that the largest gap is related to empathy and the smallest gap is related to reliability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - A Study of the Impact of the Decisions Made by the Judiciary, legislative and Executive Systems on the Solvency of Insurance Companies with Regard to Third-party Life Insurance in the Year 2014
Seyed Mohammad Fateminejad Ahmad Reza JerghouiThis paper is a study of the impact of the decisions made by the judiciary, legislative and executive systems on the solvency of insurance companies with regard to third-party life insurance in the year 2014. Its purpose is utilization-oriented and the method used is a MoreThis paper is a study of the impact of the decisions made by the judiciary, legislative and executive systems on the solvency of insurance companies with regard to third-party life insurance in the year 2014. Its purpose is utilization-oriented and the method used is a descriptive survey. The statistical population included experts and managers of insurance industry that with the use of Cochran test, 150 out of 260 people were selected. Research method is simple random sampling. For the purpose of studying and investigating the impact of decisions made by the judiciary, legislative and executive systems on the solvency of insurance companies with regard to third- party life insurance, a researcher-made questionnaire with 6 topics and 15 items applying 5-point Likert scale was used. Using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed %87 which indicated the adequacy of measurement tools and methods. After collecting data, the SPSS software was used for both descriptive and inferential analyses. The results indicated that setting the upper limits of insurer’s obligations (setting and notifying the amount of blood cost) by judiciary system, interpreting the laws by judges in the process of probing litigations of policyholders and insurance companies, lengthy and slow process of courts, changing and determining of the insurance regulations by legislative system, setting the upper limits of insurance premium and the policies of executive system concerning insurance, contracts and losses paid have great effects on the solvency of insurance companies with regard to third- party life insurance. Nevertheless, charges and tolls imposed by legislative system has no tangible effect on the solvency of insurance companies with regard to third- party life insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - An assessment of the effect of management factors and natural disaster factors on insurance operations risks for cold water fish farming - Qazvin province
A. Damghanpour R. Mousavi Nadoshan M. SharifianThe current research, as a field study, was conducted by questionnaires that were filled through interviews with 22 individual rainbow trout farmers in Qazvin province. The present research aimed to assess the insurance operations, identify the risk factors in fish farm MoreThe current research, as a field study, was conducted by questionnaires that were filled through interviews with 22 individual rainbow trout farmers in Qazvin province. The present research aimed to assess the insurance operations, identify the risk factors in fish farms, followed by the assessment of the risks rising from mismanagement aspects. Considering the occurrence percentage of above factors and the level of damage they have imposed in a 20-year period, from 1994 to 2014, the impact of above factors was obtained and then insurability pattern of freshwater farms of the province was calculated using the coefficients obtained fromdescriptive statistical analysis of questionnaires and using factor analysis (FA) with the extracted principal components analysis (PCA).The results of the present study showed that damages imposed by mismanagement factors had a greater share than natural disaster factors, while this aspect has been almost overlooked and underestimated in insurance coverage lots. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - The Estimation of province–wise demand function for commercial insurance services (1002-1002)
Mohammad Reza Mirzaei Nejad Mehdi MohammadiThe development dynamics between various sectors of an economy exerts an effective force towards sustainable development. The potential role of service sector in this regard is outstanding since it constitutes a larger share in GNP. In this context, insurance industry MoreThe development dynamics between various sectors of an economy exerts an effective force towards sustainable development. The potential role of service sector in this regard is outstanding since it constitutes a larger share in GNP. In this context, insurance industry, a key segment of service sector, play a cushioning role for other sectors as it provides financial and psychological support to the entire economy. Insurance activities in Iran, despite its century long existence and experience, have not exploited its potential role in business environment and have not fulfilled its expected role in the economy of Iran. This paper has aimed to estimate the demand function for commercial insurance across the country (province-wise demand function). Attempts have been made to measure statistically the effect of variable such as Income Per capita, premium, inflation, literacy rate and compensation paid, on the demand for commercial insurance in Iran. The author has applied Eviews software and Panel Data techniques to estimate the parameters. The time span covered it this study starts from March 20, 2110 to March 21, 2113. The findings of this research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between Income Per capita and the demand for commercial insurance in Iranian provinces. An increase of 01 in Income Per capita brings about 11031 increase in demand for insurance. Moreover, there is a positive and significant relationship between compensation paid and demand for commercial insurances in the provinces. The demand for insurance services would increase by 1171 in response to 01 increase in compensation paid. The relationship between premium paid and the demand for commercial insurances in the provinces, is found to be negative and statistically meaningful. In other words, one per cent increase in premium per insurance issued would contract demand for insurance by 11.. per cent Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Pricing Unemployment Insurance in Iran
reza ofogi ramyar ebne abasAbstract Employees always concern about losing their job, or in other word, losing their income resources. For this purpose, governments require strong protection system for covering these concerns. The Unemployment Insurance (UI) program’s can be used for achiev MoreAbstract Employees always concern about losing their job, or in other word, losing their income resources. For this purpose, governments require strong protection system for covering these concerns. The Unemployment Insurance (UI) program’s can be used for achieving this goal. Based on article five of Iranian unemployment Insurance law, premium is four percent of employee’s salary while employer and government’s contribution is four percent and one percent, respectively. Hence, there are great concerns about the financial pressure on the government regarding implementing this law. In this paper, we price UI based on the insurance history of employee and the duration of being unemployed. We use the Weibull distribution for finding duration of unemployment, and finally equivalence principle applied for finding the fair UI premium rate. Our findings indicate that the UI rate is less than 4% which is lower than current UI rate in Iran which has been set by law. Consequently, government’s contribution can be eliminated which reduces concerns about providing required budget by the government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - The effect of insurance industry on economic growth in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries
فرزانه جهانی علی دهقانیAbstract In this paper, we analyze the relationship between the insurance expansion as a financial intermediary and economic growth in Iran and some selected MENA members countries i.e.Algeria,Bahrain,Turkey,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Egypt,Morroco,Oman,Qatar,Sa MoreAbstract In this paper, we analyze the relationship between the insurance expansion as a financial intermediary and economic growth in Iran and some selected MENA members countries i.e.Algeria,Bahrain,Turkey,Jordan,Kuwait,Lebanon,Egypt,Morroco,Oman,Qatar,SaudiArabia, Tunisia,UAE,Cyprus, Malta in "1997-2010". A descriptive analysis method has been used as the main approach. Using an econometric model based on deduction analysis and panel data model, a macro review has made on MENA countries financial markets variables as well as the position of insurance share in the capital markets and its relationship with the their economic growth rates. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between the aforementioned variables and the economic growth among the chosen countries during survey period. We recognize that the most effective variable on the economic growth is employment. One percent increase in employment index had a 0.34 percent increase in the economic growth. In addition, one percent increase in capital stock had a 0.08 percent increase in the economic growth. One percent increase in total premium had a 0.23 percent increase in the economic growth. Insurance had a positive effect on the economic growth on MENA member’s countries. The effect of insurance on economic growth has been considerable quantity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The Analyse of The Relationship Between Insurance Industry Development & Economic Growth in Developing Countries(Algeria, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Turkey, Philipines, Egypt, India) & Comparson
Sakineh Safari Hamed soltani Ghadir Mahdaviinsurance institutions, including financial institutions that are providing security near the economic capital in creating the financial resources at time intervals to receive insurance premium and pay damages, especially in long-term insurance can lead to mobility and Moreinsurance institutions, including financial institutions that are providing security near the economic capital in creating the financial resources at time intervals to receive insurance premium and pay damages, especially in long-term insurance can lead to mobility and dynamicaly and development financial markets and with accumulation of capital necessary can provide fields of economic growth. In this study with using a CROOSS – COUNTRY PANEL DATA technique to examine the relationship between insurance sector expantion and economic growth in Iran and the selection countries at during the period 1186-2991. The results were considered significant and positive relationship between study variables and economic growth and with increasing 1 percent in the insurance penetration coefficient (the ratio of premium to GDP), the economic growth will increase 90993 percent, then insurance is one of the factors affecting the country's economic growth during the period of review and, the Schumpeter’s opinion (1111) and supply leading theories will be approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Socio-economic Factors Affecting Acceptance of Livestock and Rangelands Insurance (Case Study: Agh Ghala county, Golestan Province, Iran)
Mehdi Foladizada Hossein Barani Ahmad Abedi Sarvestani Hamid Mostafaloo -
Open Access Article
151 - Investigating the effects of emotional intelligence on social, psychological and human resource development (Case study: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Social Security Insurance Organization)
hosein zamani Mansour RafieiEmotional intelligence refers to the ability to maintain motivation and resistance to anonymity, impulse control, empathy with others, and hopefulness, as well as the development of human resources is a process that employees are continually assisted by in an organized MoreEmotional intelligence refers to the ability to maintain motivation and resistance to anonymity, impulse control, empathy with others, and hopefulness, as well as the development of human resources is a process that employees are continually assisted by in an organized manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional intelligence on social, psychological factors and human resource development. was applied the correlation-survey method was used. The statistical population consisted of all employees of social security insurance in Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. It was returned that the collected data was analyzed by SPSS and Lisrel software. The results show that emotional intelligence has a positive effect on social, psychological and human resources development and it is suggested that managers of organization through effective personal and organizational communication, increase the sense of responsibility in employees and by transferring values. Subordinate organizations and the acceptance of goals motivate them to take into consideration this, the social security organization whose mission is to develop insurance services for every individual in the community, to select employees to provide services to those with emotional intelligence. And high social connectivity, which is the key to this Consideration is merit in the recruitment process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Ranking of personal factors affecting insurance purchase Postponement
EHSAN MOHSENZADEHSHARIFI Leila Andervazh Ebrahim albonaiemiThe main purpose of this study was to identify and rank factors affecting insurance purchase postponement that have been proposed in the theoretical literature of procrastination. To this end, the factors identified in the background were reviewed by insurance industry MoreThe main purpose of this study was to identify and rank factors affecting insurance purchase postponement that have been proposed in the theoretical literature of procrastination. To this end, the factors identified in the background were reviewed by insurance industry experts, and 20 of those factors were categorized into four groups. they include demographic, psychological, skill, and attitude factors. Afterward, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 46 insurance industry executives, experts, and university professors. The data was analyzed using the group analytic hierarchy process (GAHP). Findings show that psychological, attitude, skill, and demographic factors had the most influence on the procrastination behavior of insurance customers. After measuring the final weight of factors, it was observed that laziness, weakness of insurance knowledge, negative experience in insurance purchase, distrust of insurance companies, depression, low responsibility, suicidal behaviors, well-being, age, and social status had the most important roles in the insurance purchase procrastination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Evaluate the performance of insurance companies listed on the stock exchange
Fahimeh Khajavi dehshib mohammadreza rostami maryam moslehThe present study has identified the effective components and indicators to evaluate the performance of listed companies. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. MoreThe present study has identified the effective components and indicators to evaluate the performance of listed companies. The present research is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of nature. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. In order to identify the components and indicators for evaluating the performance of insurance companies in the stock market, library and internet studies including books, documents, articles and researches of other domestic and foreign researchers were conducted. The indicators were reviewed after extracting the opinion of experts (17 experts and representatives of the Central Insurance) using the Delphi method. AHP software was used to identify the indicators and t-test and then AHP network analysis technique was used to prioritize the components. The most important indicator for evaluating the performance of insurance companies in the stock market is the insurance loss ratio, and the second priority is the profitability of the third priority, the reliability of investors, the fourth priority, the extent of the sales network and the fifth priority, the volume of the contract. According to the results, among the 17 insurances in the stock market, Parsian Insurance received the highest score and Saman Insurance Company obtained the lowest score. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Designing a reinsurance model to enter international markets with a mixed approach
fatemeh hashemi JAMSHID edalatian shahryari jalal haghighat monfaredThe purpose of this study is to design a reinsurance model to enter international markets. In terms of purpose, this study is an application that has been done with a qualitative approach in terms of nature and form of implementation. The statistical population of this MoreThe purpose of this study is to design a reinsurance model to enter international markets. In terms of purpose, this study is an application that has been done with a qualitative approach in terms of nature and form of implementation. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes 10 experts in the insurance industry and in the quantitative part of the experts of insurance branches in Tehran province, from which a sample of 384 people has been selected. The main tools of data collection were semi-structured interview and Delphi questionnaire for screening indicators and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. To analyze the obtained data, content analysis method and Maxiquida software and partial least squares technique and Smart PLS software were used. The results of qualitative analysis by Max Kyoda software showed that the dimensions and components of reinsurance model design in international markets include investment, international marketing, strategies, market development, internationalization, internationalization attitude, international entrepreneurship and entry into international markets. Also, 48 indicators for these components were finally approved by experts. The results of data analysis confirmed all research hypotheses. Calculation of goodness-of-fit indices showed that the proposed model in this study has good validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Issues and Problems of Financial Reporting in the Insurance Industry in Iran
Neda Rasouli Ali RahmaniAbstract‎.AbstractObjective: Due to the nature and importance of the insurance industry, optimal financial information and reporting is very important in this industry. Nevertheless, the investors of insurance companies, the stock exchange organization, central insu MoreAbstract‎.AbstractObjective: Due to the nature and importance of the insurance industry, optimal financial information and reporting is very important in this industry. Nevertheless, the investors of insurance companies, the stock exchange organization, central insurance and even the policyholders as the main beneficiaries of insurance companies expect significant improvements in the financial reporting of insurance companies. The clauses of the auditor's report on reserves and non-compliance with Iran's Accounting Standard No. 28 and the Central Insurance Regulations are other noteworthy issues. The International Financial Reporting Standard 4, which will be replaced by IFRS 17 in 2023, is another important issue that Iran's insurance industry must be able to prepare to accept. Therefore, in the current research, the issues and problems of financial reporting in the insurance industry have been identified from the dimensions of recognition and measurement, reporting and disclosure, and finally systems and processes, which are the three main components in the framework of financial reporting.Method: The method used in the research is a survey and the data collection was done through a questionnaire. Finally, 50 questionnaires from 16 insurance companies were received and analyzed.Findings and conclusions: The research results show that the insurance industry is facing challenges in financial reporting. The identified challenges in the field of recognition and measurement include the lack of accounting standards in the field of life insurance, lack of application of common measurement methods at the international level, lack of insurance measurements at the group level, Contracts and recognition of insurance premium income are based only on historical information and ignoring adjustments including risk adjustment. In the field of reporting and disclosure, there are challenges such as the inability to distinguish between insurance operations and investment operations, the problem of distinguishing whether a group of contracts is profitable or unprofitable, and the nature and amount of risks arising from insurance contracts are not disclosed. . Finally, the lack of sufficient training of employees and the lack of integration of the information technology system and the software used are challenges in the field of systems and processes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Corporate Governance Effect on Audit Report Lag in Iran Insurance Industry
امیر یلفانی ایرج نوروش قدرت اله طالب نیا عزت اله اصغری زادهAbstractCorporate governance is one of the effective factors on the companies’ performance in various industries. One of the factors affected by this parameter is the quality of proposing financial statements or audit report lag. This paper attempts to examine the MoreAbstractCorporate governance is one of the effective factors on the companies’ performance in various industries. One of the factors affected by this parameter is the quality of proposing financial statements or audit report lag. This paper attempts to examine the corporate governance relationship with the audit report lag in the insurance industry. The statistical population of the study was insurance companies active in Iran Insurance Industry and the statistical sample is insurance companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the listed insurance companies in the Tehran securities exchange were examined. From the time difference between The end of the financial. year and the date of the annual audit report have been used as a measure Of Audit Report Lag.In order to test the research hypotheses of multivariate regression statistical technique Based on composite data used.The results obtained from model showed that in insurance companies, management influence and the board independence, had significant and positive relationship with audit report lag. The results also indicated that institutional ownership had a negative. Overall, the results show that corporate governance factors had a significant relationship with the audit report lag. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Designing a Model for the Implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards No. (17(
مهدی اسکافی اصل فرزانه حیدر پورAbstractWidespread adoption of international financial reporting standards in the insurance industry is one of the most important developments in the history of accounting. The main purpose of this study is to identify the general and specific challenges facing the insu MoreAbstractWidespread adoption of international financial reporting standards in the insurance industry is one of the most important developments in the history of accounting. The main purpose of this study is to identify the general and specific challenges facing the insurance industry in the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standard No. 17 and to provide an appropriate model for the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standard No. 17. The data were collected based on interviews with insurance industry experts at various levels. Therefore, this research is grounded in terms of applied purpose, qualitative in terms of nature and grounded in terms of strategy. The statistical population of the study is experts in the insurance industry who have sufficient experience in the field of financial reporting. The statistical sample is based on purposive sampling method. The results show that categories such as competitive / monopoly market; Central insurance policies; Price elasticity in the insurance industry; Adaptation of current laws to market needs; Pioneering the rules; Supervision of the insurance industry; Sanctions; international relations; Models and defaults and input settings; Investment policy in the insurance industry; Quality, etc., play an important role in the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards No. (17) in the insurance industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Designing a blockchain model in the insurance industry with a treatment compensation approach
amirreza alizadehmajd mahboubeh porgoo zahra bolandnazar arefeh davoodiThe most important things to do and take time to do is to take advantage of the small amount you can get. The present study is a practical and exploratory combination in terms of purpose and data collection. In the qualitative part, semi-structural interviews, focus gro MoreThe most important things to do and take time to do is to take advantage of the small amount you can get. The present study is a practical and exploratory combination in terms of purpose and data collection. In the qualitative part, semi-structural interviews, focus group and expert grouping are used, and in the quantitative part, structural equations are used. The results led to the identification and compilation of 204 indicators in the field of Chechnya in which more than 50% of experts selected 87 codes and codes that are of the same genus were placed in a separate group and finally the codes were grouped into 11 components and 4 dimensions. The results showed that blockchain technology, like other new technologies, has advantages and disadvantages, the results of which show that its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. Blockchain capabilities showed that the use of this technology in the processes of acceptance, issuance and damages can significantly increase the accuracy and speed of these processes. Proper implementation of blockchain technology in the insurance industry can play an important role in promoting public confidence in the insurance industry, streamlining processes, optimal pricing, correct damage estimation and service, and identifying low-risk insurers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Assessing the Adequacy of Deposit Insurance in Iran Using The Systemic Model Of Banking Originated Losses(SYMBOL)
Mohsen Golniya Ramin khochiani Hamid AsaieshDIS are designed to protect depositors by guaranteeing the repayment of funds owed by depositors of banks and other member credit institutions in the event of bankruptcy. This paper uses the SYMBOL and the Monte Carlo simulation method to calculate the systemic risk of MoreDIS are designed to protect depositors by guaranteeing the repayment of funds owed by depositors of banks and other member credit institutions in the event of bankruptcy. This paper uses the SYMBOL and the Monte Carlo simulation method to calculate the systemic risk of the Iranian banking network. For this purpose, first, the probability of default of banks, using their balance sheet information, is estimated independently, and then, with the entry of the interbank market, the probability of default of banks in the presence of the spread of effects between Banking is measured and by obtaining the distribution of banks' losses, in both cases, the amount of coverage of these losses by the Deposit Guarantee Fund is examined and the capital adequacy of the Deposit Guarantee Fund is evaluated. The sample includes 15 Iranian banks and the period of 1397. The results show that the target size of the Deposit Guarantee Fund, in cases without and despite interbank effects, covers 91.5% and 87.5% of the losses, respectively. Failure of one or more banks can lead to Banking crisis and the collapse of the entire banking system, and it is necessary for regulators to take measures to prevent possible banking crises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Evaluation of financial performance of Iranian insurance companies using two-stage data envelopment analysis technique
Reza Sanei Mohammad fallah Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi Farzad Movahedi Sobhani,insurance companies as one of the most important financial institutions have a special place in economic growth and development , so that efficient performance of this sector will affect other economic sectors.Therefore, evaluating the performance of companies operating Moreinsurance companies as one of the most important financial institutions have a special place in economic growth and development , so that efficient performance of this sector will affect other economic sectors.Therefore, evaluating the performance of companies operating in this industry and identifying their strengths and weaknesses is of great importance. One of the performance appraisal techniques that has received a lot of attention in recent years is data envelopment analysis. In this paper, using the two-stage model of SORM-SBM data envelopment analysis, the performance evaluation of 21 insurance companies operating in Iran with financial indicators has been performed, which in addition to total efficiency, calculates and shows the efficiency of each company in both marketing and profitability. The company's performance is efficient if it has been efficient in both areas. The model values for each company are also calculated and the relationship between these values and total performance is shown Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Presenting a Model of Insurance_Linked Securitisation using Fuzzy Delphi method and Dematel Technique in Iranian Environmental Conditions
Mahshid Peyvandi mehdi Zeynali mehdi Salehi Ali Paytakhti Oskooe Younes Badavar NahandiPresenting a Model of Insurance_Linked Securitisation using Fuzzy Delphi method and Dematel Technique in Iranian Environmental ConditionsAbstractInsurance_Linked Securities are one of the financial risk management tools. Insurance_Linked Securitiesh has helped to expand MorePresenting a Model of Insurance_Linked Securitisation using Fuzzy Delphi method and Dematel Technique in Iranian Environmental ConditionsAbstractInsurance_Linked Securities are one of the financial risk management tools. Insurance_Linked Securitiesh has helped to expand the capacity of the reinsurance market, and because Insurance_Linked Securities performance is considered to be uncorrelater with the economic cycle, they provid helpful diversification for investment portfolios. With the publish of insurance securities, it is possible to move in the direction of diverse development of the financial services industry. Therefore, the present study was conducted to review and develop a model of insurance securitisation in Iran.The present study is a type of exploratory researches. Therefore, experts and commentators in insurance securities were interviewed. Second, based on the theme analysis, the content of the interviews was analysed, and a proposed model was developed. The extracted indicators were validated using the Fuzzy Delphi method. In the next step The model of communication between factors in insurance securities was designed.using Fuzzy Dematel method.Keywords: Insurance Linked Securitisation model, Iran’s environmental conditions, theme analysis, reinsurance. Catastrophic Insurance Bonds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Financial assessment of private and public insurance companies using Collaborative Interoperability and Shannon Entropy
Sepideh pourazad elaheh khamseh Shadi Shahverdiani mahnaz Ahadzadeh NaminThe insurance industry in Iran is growing, despite its long history of its presence in the Iranian economic market, has not yet been able to find a suitable penetration factor in the market.On the other hand, the increase of private companies and the increase of competi MoreThe insurance industry in Iran is growing, despite its long history of its presence in the Iranian economic market, has not yet been able to find a suitable penetration factor in the market.On the other hand, the increase of private companies and the increase of competition along with the unfavorable economic conditions of private sector actors in the industry and services sectors and the reduction of the share of insurance from the Iranian family of portfolios, due to other existing costs, made it harder for the insurance industry to work.In this paper, we will use the cross-over efficiency method in DEA based on the Shannon entropy, recently proposed by Sung and Liu (2016), to evaluate insurance companies in Iran. First, through interviews with experts in this field, the most important indicators of financial efficiency assessment were identified, which included 6 indicators. In the next step, in order to evaluate performance and ranking in the statistical society, 20 private and public insurance companies use cross-efficiency integration model and Shannon entropy. The ranking of insurance companies in Iran for the three consecutive years of 1393 to 1395. The results of the research indicate a complete ranking of insurance companies in Iran using the model presented in this paper Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - The Effect of Risk on Stock Prices of Banks and Insurance Companies with Regard to the Role of Corporate Governance Mechanisms
سحر پژوهی امین ناظمی نویدرضا نمازیAbstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of risk on stock prices of banks and insurance companies with respect to the moderating role of corporate governance mechanisms. For this purpose, the data of 24 banks and 25 insurance companies listed on MoreAbstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of risk on stock prices of banks and insurance companies with respect to the moderating role of corporate governance mechanisms. For this purpose, the data of 24 banks and 25 insurance companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2010 to 2019 were studied. Multivariate regression model were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that in banks, market risk has a positive and significant effect on stock prices and the variables of credit risk and liquidity risk have a negative and significant effect on the stock price of the banking industry. In insurance companies, market risk and liquidity risk have a positive and significant effect on stock prices and credit risk has a negative and significant effect on stock prices in this industry. Also, the findings on risk showed that in the credit risk of banks, the variables of institutional ownership, independent committee and audit committee have a negative and significant effect on the stock price of the banks. In banks' market risk, the variables of the independent committee and the audit committee have a negative and significant effect on the bank's stock price. In addition, in the credit risk of insurance companies, managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on the company's stock price and the size of the board has a negative and significant effect on the company's stock price. In the market risk of insurance companies, managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on the company's stock price and the independent committee has a negative and significant effect on the company's stock price. In the liquidity risk of insurance companies, managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on the company's stock price. The results of this study can help managers of banks and insurance companies to make strategic decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRATEGIES IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY (A CASE STUDY OF ASIA INSURANCE)
Mahdiyeh Mirzajani Amir Ashkan Nasiripour -
Open Access Article
165 - Asymmetric information and the Demand for Voluntary Health Insurance in Shiraz
N. Ashktorab M. BakhshoodehIn recent years, the role and importance of information have been quickly entered into the theories and policies. All reforms of health policies, including voluntary health insurance are necessarily in need of addressing the problem of asymmetric information.The present MoreIn recent years, the role and importance of information have been quickly entered into the theories and policies. All reforms of health policies, including voluntary health insurance are necessarily in need of addressing the problem of asymmetric information.The present study examined the relationship between health risk and the probability of voluntary health insurance using probit model. Then, the causes of the correlation between voluntary health information and health risk were identified by ordered probit model. The results of the study show a negative correlation between health risk and probability of voluntary health insurance which is related to moral hazards in insurance market. The main reason is the incompetence and inefficiency of insurance system. According to the study, the negative correlation is related to the information that insurance companies obtained and screenings in the insurance market by choosing strategies for dealing with moral hazard not the heterogeneous risk preferences of individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Affecting Factors on the Risk of Car Body Insurance (Dana Insurance Agents of Babol)
N. A. Yadollahzadeh Tabari F. NazariSince the issuance of auto insurance and claims paid to insurer is large, study and identification of the most important factors affecting the risk of autobody insurance is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the affecting factors on the risk of auto bod MoreSince the issuance of auto insurance and claims paid to insurer is large, study and identification of the most important factors affecting the risk of autobody insurance is important. The aim of this study was to investigate the affecting factors on the risk of auto body insurance in Dana Company at Babol City in the year 2012. Due to the qualitative nature of the dependent variable, for the analysis a logistic model and the data of a simple random sample of 330 insurance buyers were used. The result showed that gender and type of vehicle have statistically significant effect on auto insurance risk. So if buyer is a female, the probability of accident will decrease and if a vehicle is privately owned, the risk of accident will increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Investigateion The Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on the Demand for Life Insurance
F. NAzariThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables on Iran life insurance demand in the period . We used ARDL Procedure to estimate the research model.The results show that the price of insurance and life expectancy in long-term has significan MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of macroeconomic variables on Iran life insurance demand in the period . We used ARDL Procedure to estimate the research model.The results show that the price of insurance and life expectancy in long-term has significantly positive effect on the demand for life insurance and financial development and inflation expectations in long-term has significant negative effect on the demand for life insurance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Strategic Decision Model for Prioritizing the Effective Factors of Marketing Mix of Life Insurance Services and Investment Using the Results of AHP Hierarchical Analysis Process Technique
amin abbasi mohammad lashgariDecision making is the essence of management, and manager is a person who makes a decision every minute. AHP technique is capable of tackling multi-criteria decision-making issues, and also provides a method for measurement of qualitative criteria and a method based on MoreDecision making is the essence of management, and manager is a person who makes a decision every minute. AHP technique is capable of tackling multi-criteria decision-making issues, and also provides a method for measurement of qualitative criteria and a method based on priorities. It enables managers to facilitate and accelerate their decision-making processes and make effective decisions in complicated topics and situations. In this article, the research method is survey-exploratory and the statistical population is 10,000 customers of Iran, Asia and Entrepreneur Insurance Company. The data collection tool is a questionnaire, which according to the sample size determination table of "Morgan" and "Cohen" 370 samples were selected and distributed by systematic stratified sampling method between life insurance buyers and investment of these companies and compared to Questionnaires have been completed. The present article examines and prioritizes the effective factors of service marketing mix (P 8) in the comprehensive life insurance and savings. Whereas life insurance is an important measure of development in the world; This research has rushed to provide a strategic decision model with the help of all companies, brokerages and insurance agencies that are trying to improve the life of their life insurance sales. After examining the effective factors of the marketing mix, a new element called productivity and quality was identified and added to the model. As a result, the optimal service marketing mix model was introduced using the results of AHP technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Designing the Strategy Implementation Model across Organizations following an Integrated Approach Based on Grounded Theory
alireza pirali mohamad taghi amini mohammad megdi parhizghar ali nouroziThe strategy implementation is a dynamic, repetitive, complex process that is undertaken to achieve strategic goals by turning the strategic plans into tangible realities. This process is affected by the set of decisions made and actions taken by managers and employees MoreThe strategy implementation is a dynamic, repetitive, complex process that is undertaken to achieve strategic goals by turning the strategic plans into tangible realities. This process is affected by the set of decisions made and actions taken by managers and employees of the organization. As such, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive and well-tailored model for strategy implementation that helps managers lead the organization toward appropriate implementation of the strategies. On this basis, the present research seeks to adopt a grounded theory-based qualitative methodology to describe such a model. In this work, the required samples were taken via a purposive, theoretical, snowball sampling approach. Using deep interviews as a research instrument for data collection, the collected data was analyzed using the grounded theory paradigm model. Accordingly, considering the repetitions, a total of 134 initial codes were extracted from the transcripts of the interviews. Investigating the associated concepts, we identified 21 categories, out of which 6 primary categories were ultimately recognized upon selective coding. The obtained results Confirmed that, activating such mechanisms as strategic management of strategic implementation across the organization and careful monitoring of different steps of the process, implementation of strategies across organizations via an integrated approach formed on the basis of causal, contextual, and interventional factors leads to two principle achievements, namely implementation of target strategies across the organization and, consequently, achievement of the organizational visions and missions along with improved performance of the organization because of enhanced agility and efficiency of activities across the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Relying on the insured, strategies for financing health insurance in Iran
mohsen rasoulianthis study aimed to identify and rank the revenue strategy is to implement health insurance in Iran. The research was descriptive - survey study population included 30 experts insurance in the country, which made 15-question questionnaire, was distributed among the Morethis study aimed to identify and rank the revenue strategy is to implement health insurance in Iran. The research was descriptive - survey study population included 30 experts insurance in the country, which made 15-question questionnaire, was distributed among them and with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) were analyzed. The results showed that premium income strategy at No. 1 with a weight of 0.259, 0.229, weighing in at No. 2 important strategy of government revenue, tax revenue strategy with a weight of 0.191 ranks third in importance, miscellaneous income strategy with a weight of 0.171 at No. 4 the importance of strategy and corporate earnings are weighing 0.151 at No. 5 importance. It is surprising that this time also presented a plan for improving public health experts on a strategy that most people have focused-of-pocket financing! Can we still rely on public funds to promote health? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - Evaluating the Factors Affecting the Cultural Development of Neyshabour in Purchasing Insurance
ahmad nateq golestanGiven the position of insurance in the economic and social development of the country, undoubtedly requires the existence of infrastructure for expansion at the community level, in which the position of culture as a factor to internalize insurance for individuals in soc MoreGiven the position of insurance in the economic and social development of the country, undoubtedly requires the existence of infrastructure for expansion at the community level, in which the position of culture as a factor to internalize insurance for individuals in society. Development as a multidimensional process is an attempt to improve the material and spiritual life of human beings and culture as the basis of the intellectual and epistemological life of society. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the factors affecting the cultural development of insurance with the strategic management approach of Neyshabour residents. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational and causal in nature. The statistical population of the study was insurance customers in Neyshabour. Based on Morgan's table, 384 people were selected as a statistical sample and questionnaires were randomly distributed among them.The validity of the questionnaire was determined using the opinion of experts and in order to assess the validity of the structure, its reliability was also measured by Cronbach's alpha. The results show that the components of new technologies, customer respect, insurance diversity, applied training, expediting compensation, effective advertising have a positive and significant effect on the development of insurance purchasing culture that accelerating compensation is the most important factor in the cultural development of purchasing insurance is among the residents of Neyshabour with a strategic management approach. Effective advertising, customer honors, new technology, insurance diversity and applied training are of paramount importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Factors affecting the acceptance of agricultural insurance (Case study: Planting pistachios in rural areas of Abarkouh)
Alireza Estelaji Abraham Fathinia Vahideh Akrami AbarghoeeBecause farmers as part of human economic activity has an essential role in the life and development of communities, including rural communities. Among which pistachios due to its high nutritional value, the demand for international markets, and in accordance with the c MoreBecause farmers as part of human economic activity has an essential role in the life and development of communities, including rural communities. Among which pistachios due to its high nutritional value, the demand for international markets, and in accordance with the climatic conditions of our country should be considered. This article is the purpose of the survey is analytical descriptive approach. In this article is subject to effective factors in acceptance insurance (Case Study: pistachio cultivation in rural areas Abarkouh County) has been paid, and how to collect data on library and field (use of articles, books, theses, organizations of all sizes, soft software, Minitab and SPSS) was investigated using logistic regression. The study population of rural residents Abarkouh County are those who are engaged in the cultivation of pistachios (whether as principal activity or as a secondary activity alongside other jobs or other cultures). The required data using 141 questionnaires were collected through random sampling in the 2015-2016 season. In order to assess the validity of factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of that amount was determined as 85%. The results show, structures such as pistachio education, product performance, employment, the provision of timely service, satisfaction, compensation, communication with experts and advocates to promote, attend classes and membership positively and acceptance are significant and pistachio crop insurance. The rate of satisfaction of compensation, the structures on insurance adoption among the pistachio pistachio is Abarkuh rural County Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Presenting a Model for Ranking Insurance Organizations Based on Electronic Readiness Using a Combination of ANP and DEMATEL Techniques
Nazanin Pilevari Razieh Shahrokhi -
Open Access Article
174 - Presenting a Model for Insurance Development in Iranian Sports with a Data-Based Theory Approach
reza ariyayar hamid sajadi Farideh Ashraf Ganjouei ali zareiThe purpose of this study was to present a model for insurance development in Iranian sports. This research was mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of qualitative research included all the elites in the field of insurance in sports. Bas MoreThe purpose of this study was to present a model for insurance development in Iranian sports. This research was mixed research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of qualitative research included all the elites in the field of insurance in sports. Based on the selection of snowballs, 15 people were identified as the sample until they reached theoretical saturation. In a small part, the statistical population included all 69 sports insurance experts. The statistical sample was considered a whole number. The data collection tool in the qualitative part included a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part included a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to analyze the research data in the qualitative part, open, axial and selective coding and in the quantitative part, the structural equation method was used. The results indicated that insurance development factors (causal, contextual, intervening, strategies, and consequences) had a significant effect on the main phenomenon of insurance in sports. The results of this study showed that the process of insurance development in sports requires attention to a series of causal, contextual, and intervening factors; Therefore, the final model presented in this research can be a complete guide for the development of insurance in Iranian sports. Manuscript profile
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