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Open Access Article
1 - Qualitative investigation of Urmia Revolution Square from the position of visual space using location measurement technology
Ali Ghanbari Nasrabadi Mir Saeed MoosaviUrban spaces can be considered as the foundation of every city.Users'perception of space and spatial behavior affects the environment,especially urban space,and is an important factor in the quality of urban space. Therefore,seeing is the most important sense of the fiv MoreUrban spaces can be considered as the foundation of every city.Users'perception of space and spatial behavior affects the environment,especially urban space,and is an important factor in the quality of urban space. Therefore,seeing is the most important sense of the five senses in the perception of urban space,which has a special role in the science of architecture and urban planning.Due to the fact that most of the human perception of the environment is done by the human vision.The senses play an important role in our contact with the environment and provide the necessary information to interpret the events around us.For this reason,squares are considered one of the important. Based on the surveys of the current situation, it seems that the lack of attention to urban design patterns and indicators has reduced the visual quality of Urmia Revolution Square.Therefore, in order to measure the state of the visual quality of the Urmia Revolution Square, thelocation measurement technique has been used. Also,SOWT method was used to evaluate the location survey checklist,and then it was analyzed and summarized with SPSS software. After assessing the current situation of this field and completing the checklists and the table of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats,the results of these tables have been evaluated and reviewed by Friedman's test.The obtained results indicate that the visual quality of the square is one of the main factors in the perception of the people and citizens inthe square.Also,according to the supplementary checklist, the Revolution Square of Urmia has a relatively favorable visual quality from the perspective of the people.Therefore, according to the studies and also considering some of the potentials and weaknesses,the visual quality of the square can be brought to a better level by using positive models of urban management and short-term planning and implementing some urban space regeneration projects Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A new approach for data visualization problem
MohammadReza Keyvanpour Mona Soleymanpour -
Open Access Article
3 - Review the role of form visual Component from perception and its impact on people's motivation
mitra faraji fatemeh ebrahimzadeh navaiObserver’s perceive of architecture is used in many fields. Because much of our perception and understanding of the environment is based on visual stimulus, therefor an expert design should be based on visual stimulus too. Moreover, visual communication is to be u MoreObserver’s perceive of architecture is used in many fields. Because much of our perception and understanding of the environment is based on visual stimulus, therefor an expert design should be based on visual stimulus too. Moreover, visual communication is to be used for strengthening, intensifying, and consolidation of other senses as well, otherwise the aforementioned design will result in poor perception of the environment.In discussing of the perceptions, the worring issue is that despite of the fact that perception system is same for every individual, but that individual has different perception of his/her environment. Perception can be different from similar stimuli and combined with different factors and one factor alone can't determine perceptions. Environmental data in all of conditions and positions are not available. Sensory effect actually is the effect of a form on individuals and it follows different factors, but visual effect belongs to the individual and it doesn't follow any factor and it can have different effects on the individuals.Perception of environment is a function of the ability to receive sensory receptors in which is a function of effective environmental conditions on events such as light, temperature, humidity , pressure, noise,odor and ... . Also personal and social features play significant role in human perceptions. Relationship between individual and environment is formed in different levels such as individual level (feeling, perceptions, values, inner experience and...) and social levels (larger units like different community groups or groups that are similar in age and gender.If sensory stimuli are opposed to each other, they will become confusing and disturbing. The sensory effect like perception deponds on state of body. Because this effect is covered in the individual body, it will follow the personal, biography and social intermediaries. Moreover, the visual effect is a force transmitted and directed by individual and it's quality deponds on individual characteristics.Different proportions range creates a variety of interpretations. Slender, thin and long forms show charm and elegance, while round forms show warmth and comfort. The forms tilted into the inside show aggression or curiosity, while forms tilted out show fear and anxiety. The relationship between basic forms and basic emotions are one of key points of design that embodies dilectical definition of emotions.In this research, factors affecting the visual perceptions of individuals with emphsis on the new approaches and the application of the form in today's architecture design is based on Rudolf Arnheim views on visual perceptions and criticized by the pair comparison method. These factors included tension (complexity and contradiction), physical characteristics,weight (reducing of the mass) and dynamics. Questionnaires were prepared on the basis of paired comparisons to determine the superiority of each of parts. collected data was analyzed using AHP on 50 questionnaires to determine the mean of superiority of each of the factors over other. In addition, in order to determine overall value of each factor, the sum of value of superiority of one part over other parts was calculated and mean was determined.Keywords:Visual perception, architectural, AHP, Human. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The effect of sensory architecture components on increasing the level of routing and finding people with disabilities in railway transportation station spaces. (Case study: Mehrabad Airport Metro Station)
sanaz haghshenas Nasim KhanlooDesigning the rail transport station spaces to facilitate routing is a crucial and complex responsibility in architecture. Some problems in the design of these spaces are the biggest obstacles to the presence of disabled individuals . in social activities. The present s MoreDesigning the rail transport station spaces to facilitate routing is a crucial and complex responsibility in architecture. Some problems in the design of these spaces are the biggest obstacles to the presence of disabled individuals . in social activities. The present study was aimed investigate and explain the role of sensory-based architecture components in routing-orientation of railway transport station spaces, as an approach in promoting and facilitating this process for the disabled. The methodology of the research was descriptive-analytical and correlation. The research area is Tehran metro stations and its statistical population was station users. The research sample was Mehrabad airport station and 246 users of this station were selected using purposive random sampling. The data were collected by both library and field methods. The components that facilitate routing-orientation and their instances were identified and extracted through the study and review of theoretical discussions on the research issue and face-to-face and semi-structured interviews with 20 experts. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made illustrated questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed by creating specific sensory conditions. The results showed that the motor components with a coefficient (0.810) had the highest impact in facilitating the routing process of disabled individuals. Physical components with coefficient (0.532), visual components with coefficient (0.460) and important signs with coefficient (0.271), also had a positive and significant effect on the routing orientation process of the people with disability. It was found that the most influential were the motor components, which indicate that routing depends on horizontal and vertical communication elements and how these elements are combined in the design of the routing process. Thus, the circulation system should be designed as its elements can be easily identified and designed based on the movement patterns of people with different abilities based on sensory components. In this regard, visual and informational emphasis on the location of stairs, elevators and their placement is of great importance. Design hierarchies and how to combine routes and intersections, nodes in them, how to access the outside, input and output, etc. , designing spaces with characters with special sensory characteristics (such as nostalgic sensory station design, child-oriented sensory station, elderly-oriented sensory station, memory-based sensory station, etc.),design the routes of intercity and suburban travel converter stations to understand the levels and platforms of passengers ‘ route change and entry and exit routes by understanding the geographical location of the ground to reduce the confusion sense of passengers (airport-railway), emphasis on designing each station uniquely and avoidance of repetition in designs and use of various materials for each station, etc. can be good solutions. Physical and visual components have a significant impact on facilitating the routing process. In station spaces that are mainly designed in the basement or closed spaces, the central openings (void, atrium, central courtyard, etc.) as intermediate and key destinations can be an important factor in marking and reducing distractions and can lead to better navigation and orientation. Various architectural visual components such as light, color, shape can be used to emphasize routing goals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Role of Structure in the Aesthetics of Contemporary Architecture
ajhang baghaee There is a well known relationship between architectural form and structure in Persian, Gothic and vernacular architecture in general. But contemporary evolutions in architecture had made this relationship lead to new aspects, which in tur More There is a well known relationship between architectural form and structure in Persian, Gothic and vernacular architecture in general. But contemporary evolutions in architecture had made this relationship lead to new aspects, which in turn, can be utilized as a method in designing more stunning, firm buildings. In this essay various examples are examined to distinguish this method and the relationship. Without doubt, architectural space is intertwined with city image and expresses visual characteristics. A designer should be able to understand structure and its characters in order to utilize them in his design process. Thus 1-forming of an architectural space is simultaneous with its structure 2- semantics and symbolism so that structural form will serve as an underlying format for architectural splendor sought through design. This method depicts a nouvelle form of sculpture that is the delight and utility achieved through creativity in structural design, architectural form and construction technique. Structure can made architecture as an important role of aesthetics in a new way in texture of contemporary cities and improve the quality of visional life in cities .At first we have to recreat and explore the methods which can prove it. So we can design architecture with new strucuture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analyzing Urban Environment Regarding Visual Quality (Case Study: Visibility in Old Fabric of Bushehr)
Seyyed Bagher Hosseini Mehran Alalhesabi Fatemeh NassabiVisual aspect is one of those lots of aspects which influence neighborhood quality. Visibility is an important factor of environmental and urban quality. This study is concentrated to find whether the visual quality of housing and urban open space in the neighborhoods i MoreVisual aspect is one of those lots of aspects which influence neighborhood quality. Visibility is an important factor of environmental and urban quality. This study is concentrated to find whether the visual quality of housing and urban open space in the neighborhoods is influenced with urban form and its objective is to find the relationship between open space form of the neighborhood unique fabric, its organic pathways, a linear main access which divides this fabric to two parts and visibility. So open space visibility of neighborhood in old fabric of Bushehr and their isovist properties have been analyzed in a correlational research. The case study was a neighborhood public space in spatial configuration located in Bushehr that is surrounded by urban development and sea. Compact urban space, squares, long and narrow streets shape this fabric. One of the characteristics of this morphology is its composition as a set of rather long and narrow streets with number of squares different in shape.This study shows that isovist tool is applicable in analyzing visual quality in urban fabric. In this research two forms of urban open space has been analyzed to evaluate visibility using Syntax2D. Six isovist measures in grid and two paths have been studied that correlations between these measures have been compared with each other in two paths. Findings show that area and perimeter indices have the highest correlation. In organic path these two indices have highest value reaching Enghelab Avenue that divides this fabric in two parts and also these measures are higher in local squares than long and narrow streets. On the other hand these indices remain unchanged in linear path. Drift index that studies the longest possible line of sight raises dramatically reaching Enghelab Avenue while it almost stabilizes inside the organic path. Turning to linear path, this index is the highest at the ends and the lowest in the middle of the path. Occlusive index that is the proportion of the perimeter on the solid boundary of the environment Shows fluctuation in organic path unlike linear path. While Compactness index that shows how close the observers feels themselves to the environment shows notable variations in organic path having a steady graph in linear path. Circularity index that is the square of the perimeter to area as is influenced by details in space shows significant changes in organic path while it is nearly stabilized in linear path. It can be said as a result that urban form has relationship with its visibility; meaning that the organic path creates a variety of isovist indexes unlike linear path that divides the neighborhood fabric in two parts. Furthermore, the analysis shows that squares which are the place of social interactions are more compact than the streets of the neighborhood as they define non physical geometries and variety in the spatial experiences is achieved moving within them. Finally the study shows that the form of neighborhood open space plays an important role in its high visual quality and the quality of housing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Principles underlying the meaningful design of typical visual axes: An analytical-comparative approach
Mohammad Reza Pourjafar Ali Reza Sadeghi Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical v More Improvement of visual – formal qualities of the urban public realm plays an important role in urban design and improving the environmental quality. Identifying, organizing, meaningful design and conservation of visual axes toward typical visual values are the key factors influencing the visual – formal quality of the urban public realm. To identify and introduce the global rules governing the meaningful design of typical intra-urban visual axes, this study was devoted to recognition of the common characteristics of such visual axes through descriptive, analytical, comparative methods of research as well as literature review and use of photo documentation. Role of the visual axis in realization of aims and theoretical principles of urban design is also considered. Results of the present study would suggest an emphasis on such necessary criteria as considering the visual axis as system with visual quality, application of topography and level difference in visual axis design, the function of view shed as a public realm which could be used publicly, a desirable constraint and appropriate body elevation to emphasize on the role of visual qualities in visual axis design, consideration of role of behavioral place in visual axis design, amplification of invitation through some specific function of the body or the end element, and employing the characterized ecological elements in design and improvement the visual axes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Architectural Language of Persian Paintings (Survey of Persian Paintings as Historical Documents of Iranian Islamic Architecture)
Manouchehr Foroutan The documents of Iranian Islamic architecture especially visual documents are few and diffuse. However these documents were attended little. Considerable paintings of the Islamic era, especially Ilkhanid, Timurid and early Safavid period have remained that can be More The documents of Iranian Islamic architecture especially visual documents are few and diffuse. However these documents were attended little. Considerable paintings of the Islamic era, especially Ilkhanid, Timurid and early Safavid period have remained that can be evaluated and searched. This study, wants to show how Persian paintings (Miniature) as historical documents can be used for cognition Iranian Islamic architecture. What ways can be used for analysis them? What kinds of historical data can be apprehended and how validity them to be assessed? For answering these questions, "language" of Persian paintings must were understood. The research based on historical method. For understanding language of Persian painting applied three strategies: History of architectural representation was evaluated and tow ways of representation of architecture in painting were obtained. Expressive features of Persian paintings were reviewed. Therefore, Persian paintings that represented well-known buildings were compared whit the building. For example three paintings from Nezami's quintuplet poem (khamse) were selected and compared by Taq-e-Bostan and also three Persian painting that were represented Mecca. Persian paintings were compared whit samples of extant Iranian and other Islamic architecture. For example, representation of house in a Persian painting was evaluated. In each of parts a case was evaluated. Cases review process include: dating represented architecture and dating Persian painting; evaluating validity of the painting as historical document; attention to features manuscript; evaluating purports of text and determining the general topics and themes; measure the degree of match with the reality of architecture by evidence; comparing the Persian painting and contemporaneous extant architecture or other Persian paintings same version or school; detecting architectural elements and details in painting, rereading represented architecture and interpreting it. Finally, expressive features Persian paintings in representation of Iranian architecture are presented. Briefly Persian paintings features in the expression of Islamic architecture include: the use of multiple simultaneous isometric perspective; illustrating simultaneously inside and outside the space; imaging asynchronous events in an image; refer the three-dimensional two-dimensional; representing walls up to ceiling indoor; equal importance floor and wall display; components with respect to total of real space; independence scale of building and the human's scale; remove walls to see them back; reduce distances and compact show to space; choose the smallest component of architectural space for illustrating while maintaining a whole room due to limited spaces in the painting; display main elements and display some minor elements; use a virtual frame as metonymy of the inside and outside architecture. In addition, review showed that the difference representation (painting) and reality (building) in known buildings was significant. Referring to other texts (paintings and architecture) and compare those (intertextuality) by methods of historical semantics and symbolic show social meaning of the represented architecture. Using Persian paintings and relying on evidence in other fields can be readout architecture, to pay (for example a house of Ilkhanid period was readout). Persian paintings can be as "cognitive maps" to examine and review aspects of environmental psychology concepts such as "personal space", "proximity ", and "territorial behavior". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Harvesting Daylight in High-rise Office Buildings Using Phyllotaxis Model
Amirhossein Zekri Rima Fayaz Mahmood Golabchi -
Open Access Article
10 - Defining the Color Weight of Residential Building Façade, Using Q-Factor Analysis
Maryam Mehdipour Seyed-abbas Yazdanfar Ahmad Ekhlasi Bahram Saleh Sedghpour -
Open Access Article
11 - Explaining The Impact of Facade Architectural Components on the Visual Clutter (Case Study: Selected Facades of Tehran)
Mercedeh Tahmasbifard Farah Habib Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi -
Open Access Article
12 - Introducing a Systematic Approach for Quantifying Architectural Style Influence: A Comparative Analysis of École des Beaux-Arts and Bauhaus on the College of Fine Arts, University of Tehran
Alaleh Baghalian Ghazal Keramati Hossein Soltanzadeh Mehrdad MatinThis research proposes a systematic approach to provide insight on how to quantify the similarity/dependency between different architectural design styles. The study utilizes the College of Fine Arts of University of Tehran as its primary focus and examines to what exte MoreThis research proposes a systematic approach to provide insight on how to quantify the similarity/dependency between different architectural design styles. The study utilizes the College of Fine Arts of University of Tehran as its primary focus and examines to what extent the architecture at the College of Fine Arts at University of Tehran was affected by the French École des Beaux-Arts and the German Bauhaus school through examining more than hundred architectural works from these schools. In the first half of this study, the teaching method and educational system of these schools are reviewed and in the second half of the study the main characteristics of architectural works of each school are identified. If we consider an architectural work as the outcome of an architectural education, then the features of the created work can be attributed to the associated educational system. Based on this, the characteristic of the prominent architectural works of the two schools were investigated and used for the analysis through the proposed approach. This approach can be used for quantitatively investigating complex qualitative problems in different disciplines. On average, the results show that the college of Fine Arts is influenced by thirty-three percent from these two approaches, while the Bauhaus approach shows a greater impact. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Organizing the Urban Landscape with Emphasis on Legibility, Using Visual Preference Technique (V.P.T) (Case Study: Khayyam Street of Qazvin)
Hossein Najafi charmini Maryam Khastou -
Open Access Article
14 - Analysis of Visual Impacts in Compact City’s Form
Nima Mouhebati -
Open Access Article
15 - Reading the Hidden Concepts in the Text of Tehran Highways Walls
Amirmasoud Dabagh Seyed Mostafa Mokhtabad-Amrei Azita Aghamohamadi-Ameghani -
Open Access Article
16 - Accompaniment of Natural and Artificial Urban Elements in the Creation of Urban Aesthetics (Case of Study: Isfahan City)
Sajjad Mohammad Yarzadeh Behnoosh Shamsollahi -
Open Access Article
17 - The Effect of Waste Control, Lean Techniques and Visual Systems Factors on Lean Management in the Hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU)
sara safavi jamaledin tabibi leila riahi mahmood mahmoodiIntroduction: The philosophical dimensions of lean management in health section, and especially in hospitals which could renew their function and contribute to their development in providing improved services are of particular importance.The present study aims to invest MoreIntroduction: The philosophical dimensions of lean management in health section, and especially in hospitals which could renew their function and contribute to their development in providing improved services are of particular importance.The present study aims to investigate the effect of waste control, lean techniques and visual systems on lean management in hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU). Methods: Considering the results, the present case study falls in the applied category. The research populations were managers at different levels of senior, middle, and operational in the SBMU teaching hospitals. The data were obtained through researcher-made questionnaire that its validity confirmed by a group of elite scientific and executive experts in the field of lean management and its reliability calculated 82 percent using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The obtained findings revealed that all the three factors of waste control, lean techniques, and visual systems significantly loaded on the lean management. The results of the conducted factor analysis on the basis of goodness of fit indices NFI=95%, GFI=92%, and RMSEA=0.052% verified fitness of the model. Conclusion: Considering the effect of waste control, lean techniques, and visual systems on lean management in the teaching hospitals, examining hospital infrastructures and the use of self-assessment system for feasibility of lean execution could be effective in establishment of lean management in hospitals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Impact of Data Visualization in Management Accounting Reports on Managers Decision-making
Sonya Zaree Elaheh BarzegarManagers are confronted with increasing information overload and growing pressure foreffective and efficient decision making. The visualisation of data represents a way to overcome this dilemma and to improve management decision quality. The purpose of this paper is to MoreManagers are confronted with increasing information overload and growing pressure foreffective and efficient decision making. The visualisation of data represents a way to overcome this dilemma and to improve management decision quality. The purpose of this paper is to transfer insights from visualisation research to the managerial accounting context and clarify the impact of visualisation on management accounting reports and decision making. In order to answer the research question, three hypotheses are tackled. Study sample includes experienced managers and accounting students. The empirical results show that supplementary graphs improve decision quality, especially within the manager sample but do not affect decision confidence in a performance evaluation task. Based on results, managers perform poorly when only provided with tables, and they achieve the overall best score when provided with both tables and graphs. Furthermore, the findings showed that managers were more confident in their decisions than students, irrespective of the information presentation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Visualizing Financial Statements and Improving Users' perception of Intellectual Capital in Companies
Nassim Shahmoradi Hashem Nikoomaram Bahman Banimahd Feridoon Rahnamay RoodposhtiPresentation and transfer concepts in accounting, in most cases are based on numbers. While to obtain and extract some concepts such as intellectual capital, more calculation is needed. In this study, it has been tried to use the power of visualization as a cognitive me MorePresentation and transfer concepts in accounting, in most cases are based on numbers. While to obtain and extract some concepts such as intellectual capital, more calculation is needed. In this study, it has been tried to use the power of visualization as a cognitive means for the disclosure of intellectual capital concepts in financial statements. To this aim, using Davison's view some images were designed that were related to the concepts and were added to the associated reports in of a company in order to be experimentally tested among the MA students of accounting in 1394. To evaluate, confirmatory factor analysis was used. To test the research hypotheses two independent samples t-test were conducted. The obtained results confirm the high efficiency method used in improving the respondents perception of intellectual capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - : The Relationship between Cultural Capital and Leisure Style for the Visually Impaired and Retired Persons in Tehran
Batool Etebari Goharrizi عباسعلی ghaiyoomi فاطمه عزیزآبادی فراهانیMore than half a billion people worldwide are suffering from physical, mental or sensory illnesses. One useful way to help people with disabilities is to turn to physical activity and exercise. to the extent that it goes beyond entertainment, plays a therapeutic and pre MoreMore than half a billion people worldwide are suffering from physical, mental or sensory illnesses. One useful way to help people with disabilities is to turn to physical activity and exercise. to the extent that it goes beyond entertainment, plays a therapeutic and preventive role in the effects of disability. So the results of this study can be used in future planning so that the satisfaction of the blind can be assessed by identifying the needs of the blind as well as prioritizing all kinds of leisure activities. In the present study, since the most representative of the constructs were 5, the sample was 50 blind and visually impaired individuals who are currently employed or retired who were selected through random cluster sampling. The Bourdieu Cultural Capital Standard Questionnaire and the Leisure Styles Questionnaire are two foreign (Dumazedier) and Iranian (Rajabzadeh) questionnaires. In examining the results of the model of the relationship between cultural capital and leisure styles of the blind and visually impaired, it was found that cultural capital is able to account for more than 65% of the variations in the leisure time of the blind and this is a significant amount and confirms the obvious relationship and impact of capital. Culture has an impact on leisure time for the blind and visually impaired. The highest direct impact factor on leisure time is 0.384 in the cultural-artistic leisure dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Impact of Cyberspace on the Lifestyle of 18-40 Years Old Women in Districts 2 and 5 of Tehran (2015-2016)
Mahboubeh Moazami Goudarzi Davoud DoagouyanThe present research has been done with the purpose of cyberspace effect on Tehranian women؛s lifestyle. Statistical community of 18-40 year old women in Tehran 2015-2016 was up to 316996 people. The statistical samples of 384 persons which are randomly classified by us MoreThe present research has been done with the purpose of cyberspace effect on Tehranian women؛s lifestyle. Statistical community of 18-40 year old women in Tehran 2015-2016 was up to 316996 people. The statistical samples of 384 persons which are randomly classified by using Morgan’s determining sample size chart from areas 2 and 5. Instrument for data collection has done the questionnaire based on Likert،s Five-Point scale containing of 46 items in 5 choices. The validity of the questionnaire has been evaluated by supervisor professor and 10 expert and the reliability evaluated and calculated by means of Cronbach Alpha as well and the final coefficient for the total questionnaire was 0/97. In descriptive statistics، abundance and average percentage، Median and extension and standard deviation are calculated. To investigate the effect of variables Binomial test and Regression analysis were used in inferential statistics. Using SPSS application to analysis data and achieved following consequences: from total of 46 questions which are subclasses of Audio message، Visual message، Cultural advertises، Social interaction، immoral programs and Adornment appearance which immoral programs had the most and social interactions had the least effect on the women،s lifestyle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Disjunctivism and the Default View for Visual Experience
Faraz AttarMartin argues that disjunctivism is the default view for visual experience. This disjunctivism is based upon the notion of indiscriminability: An event is a visual experience if and only if it is indiscriminable through introspection from a veridical visual experience. MoreMartin argues that disjunctivism is the default view for visual experience. This disjunctivism is based upon the notion of indiscriminability: An event is a visual experience if and only if it is indiscriminable through introspection from a veridical visual experience. The argument concludes that the common kind theories, since they are committed to a substantive epistemic principle, are immodest. Thus disjunctivism, is the default view. A number of criticisms have been raised against the argument. According to the main criticism, the condition of indiscriminability is neither necessary nor sufficient condition for visual experience. I deal with the main criticism and also the others. With critically examining these and also Martin’s responses, I claim that the argument is not valid. One of my main reasons is that Martin’s responses to the main criticism aren’t clear and justified. So, until further illuminations, we cannot accept that the condition for visual experience is indiscriminability. Also I explain that the argument, if valid, only concludes that the common kind theories aren’t the default view, not that disjunctivism is the default view. In order to lead to this conclusion, there are further steps to be taken. According to one step, it should be shown that there is no other default view. I cast doubt on the legitimacy of the step. In addition, I argue that disjunctivism based upon the notion of disjunction is different from disjunctivism based upon the notion of indiscriminability. The different disjunctivism could be an alternative default view. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Analysis of the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens (Case study: Ardabil city)
ahmad aftab Ebrahim Alipourthe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through Morethe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through questionnaires in a sample size of 50 directors, assistants and technicians working in the field of architecture, urban planning and beautification of Ardabil Town Hall and Ardabil faculty. And analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS statistical software has been The results show that the visual appearance and comfort of the city and there is a positive relationship. The results of multiple regression analysis, we can conclude that the visual appearance of indicators greater impact on peace with 0.533 to 0.128 citizens and the least impact on the orientation of the city is. What citizens expect from Ardabil supplying the visual appearance of peace, security, and help prevent Vandalism in orientation and ongoing reforms in the city of Ardabil, urban landscape identity to the place of religious, cultural and tourism to be tailored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Ahwaz municipal solid waste sanitary burial location using software models and software Arc Gis Visual PROMETHEE
سیروس قنبری محسن شایان اکبر دهبان نژادیانChoose landfill is an important step in the management of municipal solid waste according to environmental impact, economic and ecological waste, the landfill must be done carefully and in a scientific process. . Choose a suitable place to bury garbage, requires conside MoreChoose landfill is an important step in the management of municipal solid waste according to environmental impact, economic and ecological waste, the landfill must be done carefully and in a scientific process. . Choose a suitable place to bury garbage, requires consideration of many factors and criteria (criteria distance from the airport, distance from fault, distance from the town, away from the river, away from the city, close to land use, soil type, wind direction, distance residential areas, away from the ground and the distance of communication) is. The purpose of this study, the optimal location city landfill Ahvazba geographic information system and software application and version is Visual PROMETHEE. The type used in this article is an applied research - development and its method is descriptive and analytical. The results show the importance of considering all measures, the proposed locations for waste sanitary burial in the city of Ahvaz, East and North-East part of the city that these places are the standards to accomplish this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Terrain feature Extraction from OLI sensor images
محمد ملکی سید محمد توکلی صبورTerrain feature Extraction from OLI sensor images Abstract: Geomorphologic features and processes related to it, is origin of many of the hazards and environmental resources. Also, due to the formation of industry and science geomorphotorism and finally be necessary of MoreTerrain feature Extraction from OLI sensor images Abstract: Geomorphologic features and processes related to it, is origin of many of the hazards and environmental resources. Also, due to the formation of industry and science geomorphotorism and finally be necessary of the study these features for civil projects, will be more important Cater these maps. With widespread use of geospatial sciences Such as remote sensing, geographic information systems, and its application in the study of Earth Sciences in the study of OLI sensor images for mapping Valley, Blade, Alluvial Fans and Debris Fans were used. And using visual interpretation features were extracted. Results were compared with images of Esri's World Imagery of ArcGIS Online, The parameters of correctness, completeness, quality and Kappa were calculated. And the results thus obtained, the accuracy of 80 percent, overall accuracy 62/01 percent, quality 53/87 percent and kappa coefficient was 49/74 percent. The results showed that successfully detects all features except Debris Fans has been satisfactory. According to the Kappa coefficient is determined that segmentation done for features extraction is appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - An analysis of key factors in the visual quality of the walls of residential buildings in the Qajar period of Tabriz
Arezou Mirzaei Asadollah shafizadeh Aynour naseri Naserianalyzing the visual quality of the walls of residential buildings in Qajar houses in Tabriz. The method used in the present study is descriptive, analytical and exploratory and its approach is documentary and survey. In the present study, in order to analyze the data, Moreanalyzing the visual quality of the walls of residential buildings in Qajar houses in Tabriz. The method used in the present study is descriptive, analytical and exploratory and its approach is documentary and survey. In the present study, in order to analyze the data, the method of structural studies in the form of Mick Mac software has been used to identify the key factors of the system. In this regard, 50 experts in the field of architecture of historical monuments and cultural heritage were used to weigh the indicators. Based on the results, 10 factors of architectural creativity, the presence of visual richness in the building facade, unity of elements, visual proportions of the facade, balance-rhythm-similarity-symmetry-homogeneity, the proportion of visual elements, the degree of balance, hierarchy , The degree of attention to visual beauty and the existence of hierarchy between different scales were identified as key factors influencing the system. Also 10 very influential components of the system including psychological perception of beauty, the presence of visual richness in the building facade, the amount of visual attraction, beauty and fit of doors and windows, unity and harmony, fit and continuity of the building, the fit of architecture in the facade Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - An Analysis of the Effect of Daylight on Visual Comfort and Health in Residential Spaces of the City (Case Study of Tabriz)
Reza Fathipour Shahab Kariminia Elham Nazemi Amir Hossein ShabaniDaylight is rich in short wavelengths, and during daylight hours, it seems to play the most important role in human biological regulation. Advances in science over the past few years, with fundamental studies on the status of architecture and the health effects of dayli MoreDaylight is rich in short wavelengths, and during daylight hours, it seems to play the most important role in human biological regulation. Advances in science over the past few years, with fundamental studies on the status of architecture and the health effects of daylight and windows, have led to rapidly changing research in daylight. With this approach, the present article tries to investigate the factors affecting perception, visual comfort and health in residential spaces in relation to daylight in the city of Tabriz. The present study is currently an applied goal, and currently a descriptive-analytical method. To achieve this goal, environmental parameters, both mentally and objectively, were presented for factor analysis of the main components. Analysis was performed using SPSS descriptive statistics. The results show that the amount of brightness of daylight can affect the quality of our perception. In addition, daily access to daylight, in addition to the sky, can also affect the shape, size and position of the window. Daylight as a research topic, establishes itself as a link between psychological and environmental factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - etermining the Effects of the Components of Visual Structure Quality on the Receptibility of Sociopetal Environments (Research Subject: Isfahan’s Historical Bazaar Saria)
Somayeh pahlevan Hossein Soltanzadeh farah habibPreface and Purpose of the Study: Understanding the visual structure of historical bazaar saria, as one of the most important architectural elements of design, can be effective for contemplation of their role and latent potential in the quality of their sociopetal space MorePreface and Purpose of the Study: Understanding the visual structure of historical bazaar saria, as one of the most important architectural elements of design, can be effective for contemplation of their role and latent potential in the quality of their sociopetal spaces, the extent of their receptibility, and their prosperity. This study focuses on the understanding and analysis of principles of sociopetality in the receptibility and the visual quality evaluation of bazaar sariaes. Methodology: Firstly, through correlation and regression analysis, the presence of a students for each of the 12 investigated sariaes, and recording of the number of people and their gathering places, steps were taken to assess the criteria and answer the theories and research questions of the study. The evaluation and determination of the scope of the study were achieved through visual quality and sociopetal concepts in a structural dimension derived from the framework of the research and its conformity with visual parameters defined by space syntax software. The space syntax data was analyzed using the Depthmap software. Findings: Based on the findings of the study, it can be argued that access points and routes to the sariaes (whether directly or at a rotating angle), dimensions and total measurement of the saria and central courtyard, number of primary spaces, and direct access to primary spaces affect the extent of sociopetality and receptibility of bazaar sariaes. Furthermore, halls that have more entry points, larger central courtyards, and lesser rotation angle for accessing their middle saria, are more inviting and receptible and are more sociopetal as a result. In some cases, such as Mirza Kuchak saria, Khansari saria, and Golshan saria, visual quality components have a reverse correlation with structural components because entry points with an indirect view of the saria have no bearings on visual qualities, having high visual quality yet lower sociopetality. Conclusion: The findings of this study reveal that although, in most cases, visual quality components affect structural factors and induce sociopetality in the environment, in most bazaar sariaes in Iran such a correlation does not always exist. Sariaes with higher visual quality have lesser sociopetality because, in terms of structure, they do not have intelligible and inviting environments that appeal to the public. Sight and appearance, spatial complexity, practical variety, access and degree of movement, and comfort and number of available facilities affect the spatial quality and thus sociopetality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Assessing the Visual-Spatial Quality of the Urban Landscape over Time (Case Study: Region 8, District 1 of Tehran)
katayoon Teymoorian seyed mohsen mirIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape is the totality of the mind, the interaction between man and the environment, and the mental image remains in the human mind. Urban landscape is a phenomenon that is revealed only through human experience in the interact MoreIntroduction & Objective: The urban landscape is the totality of the mind, the interaction between man and the environment, and the mental image remains in the human mind. Urban landscape is a phenomenon that is revealed only through human experience in the interaction between man and the environment. Due to the importance of urban landscape, the purpose of this article is to analyze the visual-spatial quality of urban landscape over time in District 8 of Tehran. Method: This research is a content analysis that has been done by exploratory method. The data used by the municipality of the study area have been provided. In order to achieve the research indicators, first the spatial analysis indicators and then the visual quality indicators for District 8 of District 1 of Tehran have been studied. Indicators are recorded based on the assessment of the perceptual approach based on the observer's view (scenes and places) with the camera (on routes in the study area). Results: According to the obtained results, it can be noted that in each of the factors studied in the study area, one of the criteria in the form of the concept of time dimension, is more prominent. So that sometimes man-made factors dominate the environment more, and sometimes the natural factors of the environment with the presence of man-made factors have a more prominent presence in the environment. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the present study, the studied paths in visual quality, path number 2 is more important, which requires planning and codified design to be able to revive the identifying elements of the area. Depending on the spatial characteristics of the study area, consecutive and related views lead to the creation of many three-dimensional values. These consecutive views, by moving from one direction to another, create a strong emphasis and impression on the observer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment from the point of view of the residents of Mehr Housing with emphasis on the physical-visual dimension(case study: Ardabil city)
Elham Nouri Imani Asghar Malak Fazli ahmad saeidniaIntroduction and purpose of the research: In this study, while measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment, it is tried to examine the feedback of Mehr housing policy in various dimensions, including the physical dimension of incompatibility MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: In this study, while measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment, it is tried to examine the feedback of Mehr housing policy in various dimensions, including the physical dimension of incompatibility and appropriateness of spatial features and the distance of these sites from the center. The city of Ardabil, which itself needs costly and long-term infrastructure, as well as the social problems of the Mehr Housing Project in Ardabil, which did not have a special social context due to its remoteness from the city. Attention has been paid to the social fabric of its inhabitants and the social damage caused to it, and it has lacked an urban identity. Method: The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytical and survey method according to the nature of the work. The main focus of this research is applied. The statistical population is the residents of Mehr housing complexes in Ardabil. According to the Cochran's formula, 374 samples were selected and distributed based on simple random method. Results: The findings showed that the physical dimension with an average of 3.014 and the visual dimension with an average of 3.076 is optimal. Conclusion: The results of the forthcoming research show that the level of satisfaction with the quality of Mehr housing has been evaluated at a moderate to high level. It should be noted that creating the necessary grounds for strengthening the participation of residents in managing the affairs of their residential neighborhood, creating grounds for strengthening social interactions and strengthening the sense of belonging to the place are effective aspects of increasing residential quality that should be given serious attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Role of Effective Components on the Visual Quality of Environmental Graphics in the Development of Public Spaces (Case Study: District One of Tehran)
katayoon Teymoorian Seyed mani Esnaashari Shohreh alipourIntroduction & Objective: The concept of environmental graphics is one of the concepts of the 21st century, which has become inevitable in the field of urban aesthetics with the rapid development of communication technology and increasing urban population in urban s MoreIntroduction & Objective: The concept of environmental graphics is one of the concepts of the 21st century, which has become inevitable in the field of urban aesthetics with the rapid development of communication technology and increasing urban population in urban spaces. Therefore, the aim of this study is the role of effective components on the visual quality of environmental graphics in the development of public spaces in Tehran Region One. Research method: The research method governing the research is descriptive-analytical. This study seeks to investigate the components affecting the visual quality of environmental graphics in the development of public spaces in region one of Tehran and tries to identify the most important factors affecting the visual quality of environmental graphics. Results: In order to investigate the components affecting the visual quality of environmental graphics in the development of public spaces in Tehran, SPSS software was used to perform Cronbach's alpha tests, KMO, Bartlett, T.test and multiple linear regression. The value of Cronbach's alpha and KMO tests was above 0.7 and also the significance level of Bartlett test was less than 0.05, which indicates the internal and structural reliability and validity of the distributed questionnaires. Conclusion: The results of independent sample t.test showed that in general, the visual quality of environmental graphics in public spaces of region one of Tehran, using multiple linear regression test, determined that the components of color combinations, sociability, unity And the integration of components, composition or background architecture, audience perspective and attention to detail were the most important and effective components of enhancement, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The relation between visual image of regions within city of Tehran and the expected behavior of citizens
نیره زیبایی دکتر راضیه رضا زادهUrban design and planning is now influenced by new approaches and different schools of thought. The visual image of the city for architects and urban designers is now more important than ever before especially in urban metropolitan centers. The present study MoreUrban design and planning is now influenced by new approaches and different schools of thought. The visual image of the city for architects and urban designers is now more important than ever before especially in urban metropolitan centers. The present study is aimed to investigate the relation between visual image of the city of Tehran and the expected behavior of citizens. The subject group consists of professionals employed in architecture, urban planning, and beautification department of City of Tehran as dispersed in the 22 regional offices. The sample size was 253 consisting of various age groups and both male and female employee. The data was gathered through a designed questionnaire, and the descriptive and analytical statistical techniques were used to explore the data. The results show that the main hypothesis of the research, there is a correlation between the visual image of the city and the expected behavior of citizens. Also the results show that there are correlations between the visual image of Tehran and vandalism, urban security, citizen's calmness and orientation. Therefore it seems that further attention of authorities and urban planners to the issues of visual image of the city of Tehran would provide further possibilities for satisfaction with and preference of citizens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Measuring the Qualitative Visual Streetscapes Experience of People Using the Customer Experience Management (CEM) Method; Case Study: Karim Khan Zand Street, Shiraz
Mojtaba Rafieian Fatemeh ShamsIntroduction and Goal of Research: In recent decades, the protection of visual streetscapes has been raised as one of the most important issues in the field of heritage of historic cities. The streetscape of Karim Khan Zand Street, Shiraz is one of the most valuable one MoreIntroduction and Goal of Research: In recent decades, the protection of visual streetscapes has been raised as one of the most important issues in the field of heritage of historic cities. The streetscape of Karim Khan Zand Street, Shiraz is one of the most valuable ones for which not only a protection plan has not been prepared but it has been seriously threatened by the continuation of the current trend. On the other hand, from the past to the present, measuring the quality of visual streetscapes by referring to the characteristics has been one of the most important urban design concerns. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to measure the quality experience of the person presents in the space from the street perspective using the customer experience management method, that according to this method, the person is as a customer who encounters the space as a commodity. Method of Research: In order to achieve the goal of the research, the conversion of quality not into quantity but into more tangible and comprehensible components that can be measured quantitatively or geographically, a mixture of quantitative and qualitative approaches has been used. In order to advance the research, the five experiences of individuals from the study space have been analyzed using the questioning technique of the statistical population of the study population, including space actors, residents and merchants. In the next step, writing interviews, extracting data codes, evaluating the five layers of customer experience, touch points and modeling human activity, and scoring a variety of integrated visual streetscapes analysis experiences based on the Likert scale were performed, respectively. Findings: The results indicate that the first spatial sequence of the street with an average score of 5.4 compared to the second sequence with a score of 5 is in a better condition and the experience of action (with a score of 6.5), sensory experience (with a score of 5.5), emotional experience and communication experience (with a score of 5) and finally thinking experience with a score of 4, have the highest score in this street. Conclusion: According to the statistical population and the inferences of the researchers, the contact points identified in both sequences are in two very effective and relatively effective categories, which include the space related to the gathering of people, memorable functions and the first activities started in Shiraz. With the aim of improving the current state of the street, strategies such as preparing the way for social interactions, creating harmony between the body and the historic space and contemporary changes in it to meet the needs of today's citizens, providing suitable conditions for using space in different times of the day and night for different categories of society and to facilitate movement in the public sphere for all individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Aniconism in Ancient and Modern Judaism
Farzane Qiyasinoei منصور Motamedi مهدی HasanzadehAniconism is a relatively new term in the modern era, which was first coined to describe ancient Greek art, but later became popular with the aim of denigrating Jewish art.Simultaneously with the development of nationalist movements in post-Enlightenment Europe, art his MoreAniconism is a relatively new term in the modern era, which was first coined to describe ancient Greek art, but later became popular with the aim of denigrating Jewish art.Simultaneously with the development of nationalist movements in post-Enlightenment Europe, art historians criticized the lack of visual and iconographic art in Jewish culture, citing the prohibition of images in the Second Commandment. Subsequent research and archeological evidence convinced some Jewish thinkers that the assumption of Jewish Aniconism originated in the 19th century. Therefore, a kind of duality arose, and while some people criticized it, others saw it as a moral and exclusive virtue in Judaism, which ultimately served controversial goals and contemporary identity-nationalist policies on the one hand, and on the other hand, It became a ground for abstract art of the 20th century. However, it cannot be denied that the Jews in some eras adhered to strict idolatry.By examining the most important aspects of the formation of iconoclastic culture in Judaism, this article shows that this culture, in the pre-modern era as well as in the modern and post-Holocaust era, was more influenced by socio-political conditions than a theological prohibition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Study and evaluation of outdoor advertising in urban spaces (Case study: distance between Enqelab square and Valiasr intersection in Tehran city)
omid heydari Lobat zebardast faheime asgariradAbstract Background and Objective: Outdoor advertising is a new medium in Environmental Graphic which has been taken into account in urban sceneries and passages of Iran. This type of advertisement is of high importance in primary design of cities, proper application of MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Outdoor advertising is a new medium in Environmental Graphic which has been taken into account in urban sceneries and passages of Iran. This type of advertisement is of high importance in primary design of cities, proper application of urban spaces and consideration of texture and social position of a city. The aim of this study is to assess and prioritize the turbulence intensity of the elements of outdoor advertising index within the studied domain. Method: The method used in the current study is a descriptive-analytic type. The required data were obtained through a questionnaire (Likert scale). In the hypothesis adopted in this study it was expected that a visual turbulence in frontage indicatordoes not exceed the average. To examine the current hypothesis six factors of undesirable vision by existing disharmonic rhythm in frontage, undesirable vision caused by posters and advertisement installation, undesirable vision caused by existing dirty boards, improper boards in terms of shape, size, legibility, inappropriate size of buildings’ doors and windows, undesirable vision caused by existing annexations on buildings for view and advertisement were determined. The hypothesis was examined by utilizing statistical average methods. Then each factor was analyzed by Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP). Findings: Frontage and advertisement index of factors were determined by identifying different aspects of outdoor advertising. Considering the experts’ opinions and field trip, undesirable vision factor caused by posters and advertisement installation had the highest pollution, whereas inappropriate size of buildings’ doors and windows had the least pollution. Discussion and Conclusion: Results showed that the hypothesis is acceptable and the amount of it is not more than average. Hence, among existing outdoor advertising in the studied domain, advertisement on pavements causes the most exciting and visual turbulence by gaining a “high” grade and billboards have the least effectiveness in creating environmental turbulence by gaining a “very low” grade. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Relationship between Spectator and Green Sceneries in Persian Gardens; Investigating the Differentiation Dimensions (Utilitarian and Pleasure Sceneries)
SEYYEDMOHAMMADREZA KHALILNEZHAD Mohammad Ali BidokhtiIntroduction: Structurally speaking, beyond the productive and decorative functions of plants as the main elements of the garden, they have the significant role in shaping the relationship of viewer and the interior landscape of the garden. Material and Methods: This a MoreIntroduction: Structurally speaking, beyond the productive and decorative functions of plants as the main elements of the garden, they have the significant role in shaping the relationship of viewer and the interior landscape of the garden. Material and Methods: This article under the comparative surveys will discuss the relationship of spectator and the interior sceneries of the historical gardens and the effect of plant order on the quality of visual system. The case gardens studies are: Akbariye, Amir Abad, Bahlgerd, Rahim Abad, Shahzadeh, Pahlavanpour, Dolat Abad, and Fin. Those gardens have been studied and compared based on the connection between onlooker and green appearance from the severally potential viewpoints. Furthermore, based on the separation of fruitful and ornamental greenery in Persian gardens, all of studies and comparison have been conducted in two main sections for each of the above mentioned landscape types. Result and discussion: In Persian gardens, the quality of connection of visitor to the productive sceneries and pleasure landscapes is different. The physical access of public visitors to the productive fields was managed, especially in ceremonial gardens The contemporary conversion (managed or unwanted) of the planting system has undesirable effects on the quality and variety of connection the spectator-scenery, and will decline the genuine differentiation of the connectedness of visitor to the edible and pleasure sceneries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Quantification Visual Criteria of Land Cover Using Landscape Metrics (Case Study: Tonekabon Forests of Dohezar-Sehezar )
Kobra Melhosseini Darani Samar Mortazavi Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Kamran Shayesteh Samereh FalahatkarBackground and Objective: Despite the increasingly trend of developmental activities that are likely to change the structure and change or eliminate landscape functions and processes in Iran ultimately, it seems necessary to consider the visual effect in EIA studies esp MoreBackground and Objective: Despite the increasingly trend of developmental activities that are likely to change the structure and change or eliminate landscape functions and processes in Iran ultimately, it seems necessary to consider the visual effect in EIA studies especially in northern ecosystem of the country. Methods: This study aimed to quantify the visual criteria of naturalness and complexity using SHDI, SHEI, PLAND, LPI, PR, PD, and NP measurements in the area of Tonekabon's Dohezar-Sehezar watershed from two viewpoints. The visible range, after land use mapping and production of DSM and transmitting of visibility points to GIS, was obtained using the Visibility instruction in GIS, which analyzed the visible range at two points. Findings: According to the PLAND index, the highest amount pertained to forest land use, and their amounts for forest, agriculture, and rangeland land uses found 0.1499, 0.0001, and 0.0021 respectively that detected the naturalness in the first- viewpoint was more than the second viewpoint, and this area has been less affected by human interferences. At the second point, except for the SHEI value which was less than the first point ( 0.0927), the amount of SHDI (0.0927), PR(7000), PD (2.507), and NP(2058000) indices grater than second point obtained. Discussion and Conclusion: The use of landscape metrics with regard to their capabilities can be a useful step to early identification of the impacts of development on the structure of landscape. The proposed approach can be the basis for developing a new method to understanding the effects of landscape changing in planning and management fields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Locating and Optimizing Coverage of CCTV Cameras to Support Better Monitoring Using S-ROPE Algorithm and 3D Visualization
Jafar Karimi Mohammad hassan VahidniaBackground and Objective: Modern surveillance systems based on CCTV cameras is an essential element for protecting the environment and social security. Camera network optimization and designing its architecture are among the issues of camera network studies. The purpose MoreBackground and Objective: Modern surveillance systems based on CCTV cameras is an essential element for protecting the environment and social security. Camera network optimization and designing its architecture are among the issues of camera network studies. The purpose of this paper is to develop a geospatial solution to find configurations for CCTV cameras in such a way that creates the maximum possible visual coverage in an urban area. Methods: In general, this research is performed in two steps. In the first step, the algorithm is used to locate cameras in two-dimensional space, and the resulting output is analyzed in the second step in a three-dimensional space and visually. The first step was performed using ArcGIS software and Python programming language, and the S-ROPE algorithm was used as a high-precision method for 2D camera deployment. After the modifications were made at the viewing and non-binary regions of the region, the location of the cameras was determined. In the second stage, the three-dimensional model of City Engine software was used to validate the output obtained using the S-ROPE algorithm. The evaluation of the applied method was performed on an urban study area. Findings: With the S-ROPE algorithm, an automated location determination for cameras was taken so that the area of 1798.28 m² was covered by a total area of 1953.98 m² of study area, i.e. 92%. After a three-dimensional review, only two cameras were added to the total of cameras to cover 100%. Discussion and Conclusion: With the proposed method, the number of cameras used makes significant savings, and the most possible coverage is achieved. The only challenge is the process time for large areas, which, due to the non-urgent nature of the problem, does not create a dent in the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Investigation the Performance of Glare Indices in Iran's Hot and Dry Climate
mahbubeh pourahmadi mohammadali khanmohamadi farhang mozafarBackground and Objective: Discomfort glare is a common issue in modern building. Glare not only has negative effect on the comfort of occupant but also increases energy consumption in the building. However, still there isn't a robust glare metric, especially about dayli MoreBackground and Objective: Discomfort glare is a common issue in modern building. Glare not only has negative effect on the comfort of occupant but also increases energy consumption in the building. However, still there isn't a robust glare metric, especially about daylighting. Many existing glare indices including DGP (Daylight Glare Probability), DGI (Daylight Glare Index), UGR (Unified Glare Rating), VCP (Visual Comfort Probability), and CGI (CIE Glare Index) focus on evaluating perceived degree of glare intensity. Method: This paper provides recommendations to determine discomfort glare in daylight space based on simulation and questionnaire in Iran and compares five different glare indices. The metrics analyzed are Daylight Glare Index, CIE Glare Index, Visual Comfort Probability, Unified Glare Rating, and Daylight Glare Probability. For assessing these indices, a questionnaire was developed and by reviewing the simulation results and the questionnaire, it was determined which criteria is more applicable under different circumstances. Findings: It is found that DGP yields the most plausible results. UGR has the highest rate for assessing perceptible glare, DGI has acceptable accuracy for assessing imperceptible glare and the best performance of CGI is in intolerable glare scenes. VCP has the least degree of accuracy in each stage. VCP is not suitable for use in calculations of daylight glare. Discussion and Conclusion: Evaluating visual criteria with considering at subject evaluation shows that DGP is the best Index in different level of glare. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media
Farzad Zahedi Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar Hossein Morteza Mahmoudzadeh Sohrab YazdaniBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media. Material and Methodology: In this study, which was synthetic and inductive-deductive in terms of data colle MoreBackground and Objective: The purpose of this research is Analysis of Green Food Products Advertising Visual Themes of Knowledge-Based Companies in Social Media. Material and Methodology: In this study, which was synthetic and inductive-deductive in terms of data collection method, 15 industrial management specialists at the university level participated as panel members in the quality department. Therefore, relying on meta-analysis, first 13 studies were reviewed as a basis for evaluation to determine the visual content of green food products advertising of knowledge-based companies on social media in the form of critical evaluation that according to which, 20 themes of selected propositions were entered into Delphi analysis in a checklist manner to determine the theoretical adequacy. In this stage, 9 propositions were removed during the two stages of Delphi analysis and a total of 11 propositions entered the quantitative analysis section, ie comprehensive structural interpretive analysis. Findings: The results showed that the theme of capturing customers' minds based on material design as an aesthetic ecosystem (V11) based on the commonality of output propositions and equal elements, as the last level proposition (fifth level of influence) is the most effective theme of visual product advertising. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Visual Impact Assessment of building’s facade on the natural landscape (Case study: Namaz Boulevard of Mashhad)
maryam motamedi nejad sanaz saeidi mofradBackground and Objective: One of the most important challenges regarding recent urban developments is the issue of urban facades, which has become more and more important due to the lack of harmony and coordination of urban facades with the natural context of cities. Th MoreBackground and Objective: One of the most important challenges regarding recent urban developments is the issue of urban facades, which has become more and more important due to the lack of harmony and coordination of urban facades with the natural context of cities. The main issue of the present study is the study and analyzing of the effects of urban views of recent constructions on the natural landscape and the visual effects of the urban landscape. Material and Methodology: The methodology of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. And the research area is Namaz Boulevard located in the southern heights of Mashhad metropolis. First, in order to identify the visual qualities of the study area, field sampling method and photography tools were used, Then, the data were analyzed using graphic software and finally, using the VIA visual impact assessment method, the effects of urban facades on the natural landscape of the area were evaluated. Findings: Findings show that the components of the relationship in the urban landscape of recent constructions have positive and direct effects and in some areas of influence due to lack of coordination and non-observance of rhythm and visual continuity and other adjacent criteria, direct, negative and medium-term effects. It has been left and in terms of components such as harmony and unity in architectural style, the type of materials and color palette used in urban facades, long-term negative effects are predicted for it. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that in recent years, the elevation in Namaz Boulevard on the one hand and the inconsistency of construction patterns and architectural style with the urban context, have negative, direct and long-term effects on the natural landscape and lead to obstruction of vision and disturbances. Visual and loss of landscape and ecological structures are limited. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Effect of visual quality of university campuses on social interaction of students (Case study: Gorgan)
Seyedeh Behshad Zahraee Mahdieh Pazhouhanfar Abstract Background and Objective: Teaching and learning of the main activities of universities and important pillar of human development are crucial and are agents of change and social progress. Social interaction and participation of students in the learni More Abstract Background and Objective: Teaching and learning of the main activities of universities and important pillar of human development are crucial and are agents of change and social progress. Social interaction and participation of students in the learning process, including factors that could be useful in efficiently universities. However, today the level of social interaction at university campuses has decreased. Several studies showed that the space should be eligible for optimum visual. Quality of social interactions to occur. Therefore, the aim of the research is to identify the criteria for visual quality educational facilities and investigating the extent to which these criteria is the social interaction of students leave. Method: The research method is descriptive-analytic survey and questionnaire is self-made. Findings: Required information from 300 students studying at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Golestan and were collected randomly; that visual quality with 40 items and six items assessed social interactions. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the regression analysis indicate that between some aspects of visual quality including: diversity, conflict, unity, readability, sequence, charm, cleanliness and access has proven significant relationship with social interactions and the effect of them is different. This implies that, the interactions of students at university campuses these spaces is affected by the level of visual quality. The results of this study can help architects, designers and urban planners to design new spaces or development of academic spaces helpful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigation of the Factors Affecting Visual Management of Views and Vistas within the Historical - Functional Valuable Buildings (Case Study: Streetscape of Seyyed Alaedin Hossein Shrine, Shiraz)
Ferial Ahmadi Ali Reza SadeghiBackground and Objective: Nowadays, giving identity to urban areas through preserving, promoting the character and empowerment (function and form) of the buildings with historical–functional value, which has a prominent role as a symbol in collective memory and me MoreBackground and Objective: Nowadays, giving identity to urban areas through preserving, promoting the character and empowerment (function and form) of the buildings with historical–functional value, which has a prominent role as a symbol in collective memory and mental status of people, is of high importance in urban design discussion. Seemingly, taking an action which provides these buildings with the opportunity to be viewed and provides their position and environment with the quality of visual permeability, can be considered as one of the empowerment strategies for these buildings. Method: In this study, a descriptive-analytical method with literature review of the resources and documents in the context of visual studies and also case study by interview and observation methodology in the field studies have been used. Also, the streetscape of Seyyed Alaedin Hossein Shrine in historical and traditional district of Shiraz was analyzed. Findings: The results of this paper showed that the views and vistas, as the main elements of urban landscape visual system, are the elements which can facilitate the visual permeability in the buildings with historical–functional value through regulations. Discussion and Conclusion: This study represents the concepts related to views and vistas and their role and position in visual management and visual studies. Also, this study reviews the universal rules for purposeful and conscious design of views on the buildings with historical-functional value within the city. In this paper, using the verified regulations, the strategies for improving the quality of the streetscape of Seyyed Alaedin Hossein Shrine in Shiraz have been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Identifying the Most Important Criteria Affecting Landscape Visual Quality
Sepideh Saeidi Marjan Mohammadzadeh Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny Seyed Hamed MirkarimiBackground and Objective: In general, landscape studies, conducted based on aesthetic criteria, do not seek to determine the aesthetic value but seek to extract aesthetic preferences of users. These studies have been performed in two different approaches. The first appr MoreBackground and Objective: In general, landscape studies, conducted based on aesthetic criteria, do not seek to determine the aesthetic value but seek to extract aesthetic preferences of users. These studies have been performed in two different approaches. The first approach is based on measurable objective criteria and surveying the interaction between these criteria and the second one is based on recognition of the conceptual criteria from the point of observers view. The aim of this study is to identify the most important criteria affecting the landscape visual quality. Method: In this study, objective and subjective criteria of Ziarat basin, where is one of the tourism poles of Golestan province, were prioritized from the point of aesthetic value using the second approach. A questionnaire was developed and distributed among 100 visitors. Data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software and the criteria were prioritized using ordinal classification. Results: From total of 23 objective and subjective criteria which were surveyed in this study, the first 5 criteria with the highest score were: pristine area, cleanliness of environment, waterfall visibility, visibility of diverse point and color diversity of a landscape. These 5 criteria could be introduced as the most effective criteria on scenic value of the study area. Conclusion: The subjective criteria introduced in this study could be used as a perfect series of effective criteria which affect the perception of visitors in the other regions too; however, selection of objective criteria for evaluating the visual quality would be different according to geographical location, climatic and topographic characteristics of the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Evaluation of Outdoor Recreation Capacity and Recreational Demand in Morineh Forest Park in Noorabad City-Lorestan Province
Masoumeh Mansouri Zahra Havasi Abdalani Ziaedin Badehian Mohamad javad AziziBackground and Objective: Development of tourism in preserved areas has many advantages both for the management of the related areas and tourists. Therefore, determining suitable areas for development of tourism in preserved areas and forest parks is highly important fo MoreBackground and Objective: Development of tourism in preserved areas has many advantages both for the management of the related areas and tourists. Therefore, determining suitable areas for development of tourism in preserved areas and forest parks is highly important for sustainable exploitation of natural resources. The present study aims to evaluate the potential for ecotourism in Morineh forest promenade in Lorestan province by using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographical information system (GIS). Methods: First, the most important and effective criteria and sub-criteria for evaluating the potential for recreation in the study area were determined. Then, by using Delphi method, some questionnaires were designed and distributed among the related experts. The weight of criterion in each questionnaire was calculated and the average weights were estimated. In the next step, the final weight for each criterion and sub-criterion was calculated. Then, the required maps for the evaluation were provided in GIS environment. Finally, with the help of Weighted Linear Combination technique, the final potential map for the ecotourism development in the region was provided. Results: The results shows that 21.04% of the study area has a high potential and 22.52% has a good potential for ecotourism. In addition, 28.7% has an average potential and 27.72% has a weak potential for ecotourism purposes. Conclusion: Obtaining the detailed information about the importance of Morineh forest park will lead to a higher WTP for the conservation of this ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Analyzing the Role of Visual Elements in Advertising Board in Modarres Street Land Scape, Metropolitan Mashhad, Iran
Mahsa Zamiri Azadeh Sharifi noghabiEnvironmental advertising is one of the most significant fields of advertising knowledge which makes city land escapes. The main part of commercial activities is appropriated to urban advertising. Visual elements have fundamental role in creating visual identity and adv MoreEnvironmental advertising is one of the most significant fields of advertising knowledge which makes city land escapes. The main part of commercial activities is appropriated to urban advertising. Visual elements have fundamental role in creating visual identity and advertising board legibility. Urban advertising boards could have effective representation in city public land escapes. The aim of this study is that identifying the elements of visual harmony and analyzing them in Modarres street, in Mashhad metropolitan to utilize it in order to escalate the land escape quality of the street. According to this purpose, advertising board information was gathered and analyzed by SOWT technique. The results of this study show that the improvement of the level of visual comfort components has a reciprocal and two-way effect on the urban landscape and failure to pay attention to it leads to chaos, heterogeneity and visual disturbances of the environment. Thus, this study put in a proposal to eliminate the illegal advertising and attend the casual environmental advertising in urban land escape designing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Plants Performance on Noise Pollution Reduction based on Visual Characteristics Perspectives
Ahmad Hami Neda khodayariBecause of the rapid industrialization, urbanization and other communication and transport systems, noise pollution has reached to a disturbing level over the years. Plants have been suggested as an affordable and natural construction to mitigate outdoor noise pollution MoreBecause of the rapid industrialization, urbanization and other communication and transport systems, noise pollution has reached to a disturbing level over the years. Plants have been suggested as an affordable and natural construction to mitigate outdoor noise pollution in comparison to concrete, metal, plastic and other man-made materials. The goal of noise control is to promote relaxation, satisfaction and well-being in urban residents. Green belt is known as one of the most important and effective method in residential areas to reduce noise pollution caused by road traffic in urban areas. A row of trees may be an effective technique than other barrier in decreasing noise pollution. In recent years, several methods have been used for measuring the effects of landscape elements on noise reduction. This study attempts to review the applied methods herein. The results showed that green elements not only mitigate noise pollution but also play important role in creating attractive scenes for people which may enhance human tolerance for noise pollution. In addition, organization of plants and their aesthetic values may have positive role on noise reduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Visual quality assessment of the park Sarab Gznhleh Songhor
Sajjad ShamshiriTourism industry is a the new economic, social and ecological opportunities due to the world needstoday is growing strongly.One of the fundamental factors in dealing with the natural environment,particularly tourism industry, is a quality of landscape. Visual characteri MoreTourism industry is a the new economic, social and ecological opportunities due to the world needstoday is growing strongly.One of the fundamental factors in dealing with the natural environment,particularly tourism industry, is a quality of landscape. Visual characteristics of the landscapeattributed to identity and sense of place which could be helped to people to enjoy of natural and theartificial environment as well as lead to fundraising and economic and social development. Thepresent study evaluated the landscape of Park Sarab Gznhleh, Songhor. This Park could be consideredas spectacular and recreation because of its location and proximity to the city of the Songhor.Landscape evaluation of Sarab Gznhleh Songhor has been done in three stages: (i) identifying of thelandscape types and their zoning in the park (three zones); (ii) data analysis of results based on ofHassel matrix and (iii) conclusion and suggesting of guideline. Generally, this study requires thefollowing actions for increasing demand of recreational of Sarab Gznhleh Songhor: regard to naturalcondition of water (springs and river) in the park; modification of existing plants and its suitability forlighting system; use a various species of plants, especially native plants in virginal and sloping spaces;proper distribution of park furniture; preparing convenient and safe places for families; developmentof play equipment and sports facilities for all age groups in the park. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigation and identifying of the important and effective elements for visual quality assessment of different landscape types
Fazlolah Ahmadi Mirghaed Marjan MohammadzadehDue to limitations and potential of land ecosystems, ecological integrity and interactions between the various components of land show vulnerable because of the escalation of irrational human activities. So, it is essential that different environmental aspects such as l MoreDue to limitations and potential of land ecosystems, ecological integrity and interactions between the various components of land show vulnerable because of the escalation of irrational human activities. So, it is essential that different environmental aspects such as landscape aesthetic quality be considered in landscape management and planning in order to preserve integrity and balance of ecosystems as well as to achieve sustainable development. Also, it seems necessary to identify and study the important elements affecting quality and aesthetic aspects of landscape in visual quality assessment process. In this study, considering the review and identification of important elements in visual quality assessment of landscape, aesthetic criteria and characteristics were examined based on scientific studies and existing documents. After that, the important and effective elements identified about the various ecological, socio-economic and aesthetic aspects in the visual quality assessment of urban, forest, agriculture, coastal, desert and mountain landscapes. The qualitative analysis was performed in relation to each of the landscapes according to the identified elements and components. This study showed that understanding and awareness of the effective environmental and visual elements and their properties can be helpful in visual quality assessment of different landscape types and it will facilitate its process Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Capturing Landscape Visual Character Using Indicators: Touching Base with Landscape Aesthetic Theory
Sepideh Saeidi Sahar SaeidiThis paper presents one way that landscape visual character can be captured using indicators derived from nine theory-based concepts related to landscape perception. The paper aims to establish links between landscape aesthetic theory and visual indicators, thus explori MoreThis paper presents one way that landscape visual character can be captured using indicators derived from nine theory-based concepts related to landscape perception. The paper aims to establish links between landscape aesthetic theory and visual indicators, thus exploring what landscape indicators are really indicating. The steps from abstract visual concepts to measurable visual indicators are described, and links are made to theories of landscape preferences and perception. The focus of the paper is on the application of indicators, including a presentation of the possible data sources of the presented indicators. The paper includes a discussion on the selection of appropriate landscape indicators through a suggested filtering process. The ‘filtering’ will identify a suitable set of visual indicators for application within a specific project or landscape context. The relationships between the concepts and the ability of visual indicators to capture changes in landscape character and other issues related to interpretation are discussed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Analysis of the process of identity and development in the history of Beyhaqi, Kelileh and Demneh
leila kamrani parvaneh adelzadeh Kamran PashaieA thorough understanding of literary works depends on examining each of them from different angles. Since Beyhaqi's History contains messages in the fields of history, wisdom, and politics, it has often been studied and researched primarily from the perspective of socia MoreA thorough understanding of literary works depends on examining each of them from different angles. Since Beyhaqi's History contains messages in the fields of history, wisdom, and politics, it has often been studied and researched primarily from the perspective of social conditions and governmental and political currents. Which often have a separate identity from the history and politics of the dead.In this article, by meditating on the historical narrative, we seek to explore the process of identity and development of the author by exploring the words of Farklaf, and to look beyond the language of the author, the attitude that is the main foundation of his identity and development.Also, since Kelileh and Demneh's book contains messages in the field of history, wisdom and politics, first of all, it has been studied and researched often from the perspective of social situation and governmental and political currents, and with all its value, it is possible to Research has shown that concepts such as ethics, economic development, doctrinal and religious concepts, etc., have been overlooked. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - A Study of Social Activism and the Role of Dramatic-Interactive Adaptation in the Movie of Ghazal by Masoud Kimiaei and Video Game of Mozahem by Natali Bokchin
Venus Torabi Behi HadaeghIn the present study, two adaptations of Mozahem by Jorge Luis Borges (1966) have been studied. "Ghazal" movie is by Masoud Kimiaei (1975) and the video game "Mozahem" is by Natalie Bookchin, because Borges' story is a narrative of the macho world (patriarchy) and gende MoreIn the present study, two adaptations of Mozahem by Jorge Luis Borges (1966) have been studied. "Ghazal" movie is by Masoud Kimiaei (1975) and the video game "Mozahem" is by Natalie Bookchin, because Borges' story is a narrative of the macho world (patriarchy) and gender discrimination of Latin America. The purpose of this study is to discover and reveal how this gender discrimination is represented in the context of the contextual needs of each of these adaptations. The content of this research mainly emphasizes how social currents can be transformed from an expressive or narrative mode to a dramatic and interactive one. Apart from the method used by each of the adaptations in converting from a written version to a visual version, the focus is on the adaptability of the "Mozahem" short story in the context of Iran (Ghazal Movie) and video game (Mozahem game). Laura Malloy's theory of "masculine gaze" clearly reveals the comprehensive patriarchy of Iran in the movie of Ghazal. In examining the "Mozahem" game, it is tried to show how Natalie Bookchin has used his internet art to promote social activism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Survey the role of virtual images in the visual and artistic language of "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll"
Zohreh Fadaie veshki Mah NazariTranscendent literature is a display of artistic explanation. Rhetorical images and artistic descriptions has a constructive and influential role in creating the aesthetic parades of literary and dramatic texts. "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" is the sample of a rich work of MoreTranscendent literature is a display of artistic explanation. Rhetorical images and artistic descriptions has a constructive and influential role in creating the aesthetic parades of literary and dramatic texts. "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" is the sample of a rich work of contemporary art that has been written in a poetic language and in format of a screenplay by the director and author owns the style and thought-well, Bahram Beizai, with his mental creations and visual rhetoric. In this study, the important and effective role of virtual images and highlighting elements of literary language in the formation of visual language, artistic and dramatic scenes of the work has been accomplished with descriptive-analytical method and according to literary stylistics. The application of virtual images in types of illustration images, metaphorical, allegorical, paradoxical, sensual, reversal (contrariwise) and nominative (ironic), have been major role in the spiritual enjoyment, convincing aesthetic pleasure and instilling the valued concepts the screenplay. Findings of the research displaying that the screenplay of "Sheyx Sharzin's Scroll" it has valuable cultural, social and moral themes, different kinds of virtual images and beautiful dramatic scenes and with a multi-layered indicator of artistic language in preserve and permanence of original Iranian culture, Persian language and literature and the aesthetic parades of dramatic literature, have earned a valuable position. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Indicators in the mirror imagery content and language poetry Badriddin Hilali
farhad naderi mehdy mohaghghBadriddin Hilali, the late ninth century and early sixteenth century lyric poet whose poems he significantly with expressive images that are created using elements of imagery. Arches art is innovative in making similes and metaphors. Imagery of this study was to evaluat MoreBadriddin Hilali, the late ninth century and early sixteenth century lyric poet whose poems he significantly with expressive images that are created using elements of imagery. Arches art is innovative in making similes and metaphors. Imagery of this study was to evaluate the different species, "simile, metaphor, alliteration, irony, diagnosis," the poem is taken arches To answer the question of how much and how the poet of imagery and mental imagery is used in your poetry? He illustrations innovation or imitation of the past has been done in the area and what kind of imagery in his poetry is more frequent? In this speech was a library research method, the results were classified into descriptive analysis. It is with statistics to a holistic view of images and how to use them both quantitatively and qualitatively be provided. The results showed that compared high-frequency sensory especially in his poetry is metaphor. Stipulated metaphor, diagnosis, and metonymy allusion He also has the frequency. More images of his poetic descriptions lover or one of his moral and physical properties that are created with the help of natural manifestations. Arches art innovation and imagination in the use of force similes and allusions he is tangible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Explaining socialization and audience attraction in the interior design process of exhibition booths by analyzing the components of place perception
Azad Behmanesh Mehdi Khakzand Hadiseh Kamran KasmaeiAs a part of public spaces, exhibition spaces bring people together in various space organizations voluntarily and to carry out social, cultural and economic activities, etc. How to use the knowledge of architecture in explaining the physical structure with the aim of c MoreAs a part of public spaces, exhibition spaces bring people together in various space organizations voluntarily and to carry out social, cultural and economic activities, etc. How to use the knowledge of architecture in explaining the physical structure with the aim of creating social interactions and showing sociability is one of the important and common issues in the interdisciplinary field of sociology, environmental psychology and behavioral sciences, which is related to space planning. This research aims to analyze the role of interior architecture and the perception of the exhibition space on the way of sociability and finally to provide an optimal model. The analysis of the physical environment of the exhibition booths as a collective-behavioral place constitutes a collective-spatial system whose main factors have been studied with qualitative and quantitative methods to explain the results. After sifting the influential factors of text content analysis by Delphi survey, a quantitative evaluation was done according to the interactive movement of the user in the space by simulation and calculations with Mic Mac software, and the results were evaluated in the Scenario Wizard for the optimal scenario, and the important ones are emphasized On the physical and visual factors, the factors: shape, dimensions, color, light, movement, readability and permeability: express the regular shapes in the general form of the booths with an emphasis on artificial lighting, dimensions on an internal scale with an average of 60 to 100 square meters, corridors in the form Checkered at least 8 meters wide with soft light. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Effect of Visual Illusion and Emotional States on Financial Information Analysis and Biased Decision Making
MohamadReza Tat Mansour Garkaz MohamadReza AbdolyPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of visual illusion and different emotional states on financial information analysis and biased decision making.Methods: The research is practical, descriptive, and semi-experimental. The statistical popul MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the effect of visual illusion and different emotional states on financial information analysis and biased decision making.Methods: The research is practical, descriptive, and semi-experimental. The statistical population consisted of postgraduates in accounting among whom 198 members were chosen as a sample. For results analysis, ANOVA was used and for the interpretation of the difference between the averages of groups, Post-Hoc of LSD (least significant difference) was applied. Results: The financial information displayed through 3-dimensional graphic without network lines creates visual illusion and would decrease the accuracy of data analysis by those who read them. Moreover, the results of the study showed that different emotional states (happy/sad) have a significant impact on the students' decision making. The students who had normal emotional states made less-biased decisions compared to the students who had abnormal emotional states.Conclusions: The research results showed that the financial information displayed through3-dimensional graphics without network lines creates visual illusion and would decrease the accuracy of data analysis by those who read them and lead to bias in decision making. However, by putting network lines on the diagram, the bias can be decreased. Furthermore, the research results revealed that when people experience a normal and stable emotional state, they can make proper decisions whereas they are incapable of appropriate decision making when in abnormal states. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Conceptual meaning and visual schemas analysis in the Poetry Collection tabbat manfa (Relying on Lakoff and Johnson's votes)
Esmaeil Naderi Bibi rahil Sensebli Mohamadmehdi Roshanchelci Ebrahim NamdariMetaphor is one of the most important topics in cognitive linguistics. Cognitive metaphor has many conceptual domains, including the domain of origin (perceptible matter) and the domain of destination (abstract matter) and mapping (matching the characteristics of two co MoreMetaphor is one of the most important topics in cognitive linguistics. Cognitive metaphor has many conceptual domains, including the domain of origin (perceptible matter) and the domain of destination (abstract matter) and mapping (matching the characteristics of two cognitive domains that approach each other in the form of metaphor) and includes a diverse set of It is a visual schema that arises from the power of perception through visualization and makes it possible to categorize intellectual phenomena based on daily experiences. Types of visual schemas include: volume, movement and strength. This study is based on the cognitive metaphors of Lykoff and Johnson and aims to evaluate the cognitive metaphors and areas of origin and pictorial schemas in the collection of "Negative Impact" by Adnan al-Sayegh, a contemporary Iraqi poet, it has relied on descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that the domains of origin are: human, animal, plant, object, time, taste and food, building. The human sphere is divided into two parts: tangible and abstract, and the common point between the two is the expression of the poet's ideology and feelings. In the realm of the object, rational concepts have the properties of objects. " Volumetric schemas have been used extensively, and abstract affairs have taken on a spatial dimension. The movement schema, "Life is travel," had the highest frequency. This schema indicates the dynamics of the image and the poet, and the power schema is divided into two parts: the poet's encounter with the obstacle and his resistance to it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Register and its Function in EstablishingVisual Imagery (Case Study: Qur’an visualizing Words)
Mahmud Shakib Ansari Qolamreza Karimifar Mohammad KabiriThe literary art of visualization rooted in Islamic and Arabic Studies of ancient times has been proposed as a literary theory in the contemporary literary criticism. Examining the scientific principles and its mechanisms, this theory can be introduced as an Islamic-lit MoreThe literary art of visualization rooted in Islamic and Arabic Studies of ancient times has been proposed as a literary theory in the contemporary literary criticism. Examining the scientific principles and its mechanisms, this theory can be introduced as an Islamic-literary theory across the world. This study attempts to examine the register and the function of this theory in Qur’an visualizing words and take a step forward in proving and strengthening this theory. The results show the fundamental role of register in the selection of visualizing words in Qur’an and also its linguistic role in highlighting the pictorial aspect of the words. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigation of Cinematic Montage in Pictorial Structure of Egyptian ‘Adodeh’
Hashem Mohammad Hashem Maryam Jalaee ‘Adodeh’ is among the most manifest samples of Egyptian folk literature and closely related to death and mourning. This technique-although with some differences- is folk bemoaning sample in formal literature and also one of the most importa More ‘Adodeh’ is among the most manifest samples of Egyptian folk literature and closely related to death and mourning. This technique-although with some differences- is folk bemoaning sample in formal literature and also one of the most important types of Egyptian folk music. Hence, the present study investigates texts of ‘Adodeh’ technique with analytical- descriptive method and cinematic approach and consists of two parts; the first part compares all types of montage according to Eisenstein theory on the technique and the second part studies fundamental factors in applying montage technique in ‘Adodeh’, i.e. frame of the technique and repetition. In the investigation, some cinematic techniques were discovered which is consistent with the aims of this technique in expressing sorrow, sadness and counting a dead person's features through imagery and visualization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A New Visual Servoing Method for Grasping and Assembling Objects using Stereo Image Based Feedback
mahmoud jeddi ahmad reza khoogar -
Open Access Article
61 - The Investigation of Motor- free Visual Perception Skills in Educable Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder in Tehran
mona siminghalam alibakhshi hussainThe aim of this research was to study visual perceptual skills in the children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The method of this study was casual-descriptive, and the statistical population involved all mentally retarded children in Tehran in 2010. Si MoreThe aim of this research was to study visual perceptual skills in the children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The method of this study was casual-descriptive, and the statistical population involved all mentally retarded children in Tehran in 2010. Sixty educable children aged 9 to 13 including 30 children with DCD (15 boys and 15 girls) and 30 children without DCD (15 boys and 15 girls) were selected by sampling method. The data gathering was done by Test of Visual Perceptual Skills revised (TVPS-R) and the data were Analyzed by independent t-test and Univariate Analyze of variance. Results indicated significant differences across means of visual perceptual subtests scores between DCD and non-DCD children P(V) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Effect of Induced Stress on the Number of Mistakes in Visual Working Memory for Emotional & None Emotional Stimuli
Zahra Khayyer Vahid Nejati Jalil FathabadiThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of induced stress on the number of students’ visual working memory mistakes for emotional & none motional stimuli. This experimental study used a post-test with control group design. 60 students were selected through a MoreThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of induced stress on the number of students’ visual working memory mistakes for emotional & none motional stimuli. This experimental study used a post-test with control group design. 60 students were selected through available sampling and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Through Socially Evaluated Cold-Pressor Test, stress was induced and perceived stress was measured by using a scale consisted of 100 points and then the level of Physiological signs of participants were checked. Afterward, an n-back task (Kirchner, 1958) was used to evaluate the visual working memory. Finally, the participants’ mental attempts were evaluated by another scale (Zijlstra, 1993). Each participant, through a between groups design, completed different stages of the study. Mixed-model ANOVA and Paired t-test were used to analyze the data. According to the results, the number of omission errors in emotional stimuli were significantly more than none emotional stimuli, in which negative stimuli (P=0.01) were wrongly selected more than positive ones significantly (P=0.001). Also, males (M=10) made more omission mistakes than females (M=9.23). It seems that the function of visual working memory under stress is not as normal condition, especially for negative stimuli. Generally, by impairing the function of visual working memory, stress increases the rate of mistakes in remembering the presented stimulus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Predicting and Ranking the Influential Factors on Visualization of Identity among Young Women in Ardabil
Mansour Haghighatian Reza Esmaeili Ziba Ghasemzadeh AbaliThe objective of this study was to determine the factors relevant to visualization of the women's identity in Ardabil. The research methodology was correlational and the population involved the young women in the city of Ardabil. According to Cochran's formula, MoreThe objective of this study was to determine the factors relevant to visualization of the women's identity in Ardabil. The research methodology was correlational and the population involved the young women in the city of Ardabil. According to Cochran's formula, 384 subjects were selected based on the systematic random selection method and the questionnaire was used as the tool for data collection. The data was analyzed through the Pearson correlation coefficient and the multivariate regression. Based on the results, the effects of the four variables of self-image, belonging to the universal identity, social values and promotion of fashion were significant on the women's visual identity. The results of multivariate regression indicated that from among the four variables above, the variable of self-image with the regression coefficient 0.456 had the highest regression coefficient and the variable of fashion promotion and fashionism with the coefficient 0.082 had the weakest regression coefficient on the visual identity of women in Ardabil. The multiple correlation coefficient equaled R–0.731, and the coefficient of determination equaled R2–0.535, and the net determination coefficient equaled R-0.531 indicating that the sum of these variables determined the visual identity of the women under study to 53 per cent. Finally, 57 per cent of the variance of their visual identity could be explained by the variables irrelevant to the topic of this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Roles of Visual and Linguistic Metadiscourses in Developing Persuasive Infographic Resumes
Omid Allaf-Akbary -
Open Access Article
65 - Students ̓ Attitudes Toward Using Infographics on Learning Vocabulary in the EFL Classes
Shahla Tavanapour Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
66 - The relationship between learning styles and academic achievement in female high school students of Esfahan
جهانبخش رحمانی مینا ازلیThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between learning styles of female high school students and their academic achievement. The target population was female high school students of educational district No.5 of Esfahan including 3483 students. MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between learning styles of female high school students and their academic achievement. The target population was female high school students of educational district No.5 of Esfahan including 3483 students. Trough multi- stage random sampling method, 350 individuals were selected as the research sample. Research method was descriptive – survey method and data collecting was a questionnaire named Felder and Solomon Learning Style Index (FLSI). Using test-retest method, the reliability of questionnaire was calculated and obtained coefficients were : 0.86 for sensory-intuition domain,0.84 for active-reflective domain,0.86 for visual-verbal domain,0.82 for sequential-global domain. Felder and Solomon have verified validity of the questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions. Results showed that in human science courses, intuitive learning style, and in empirical science courses, global learning style correlated to academic achievement of students. Other styles showed no significant correlation with academic achievement. Multi regression analysis revealed that intuitive learning style of students of human science courses and global learning style of students of empirical science courses can predict academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Analysis of scientific products in the field of augmented reality technology in education
Jabiz Golzar Moghadam Marjan Kian Masoud Geramipour yousef Mahdavi NasabThe purpose of this study is to investigate the status of scientific production in the field of augmented reality technology in education. The present study is of applied and scientometric type and in doing it, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques have be MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the status of scientific production in the field of augmented reality technology in education. The present study is of applied and scientometric type and in doing it, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques have been used. Accordingly, for data collection, research-related keywords were searched and identified between 2010 and 2020 using the Scopus database. Vosviewer software was used to analyze the data and visualize the obtained information.The statistical population of the present study is 582 documents in the relevant field. Analyzes include: frequency of publication of relevant research, countries with the most relevant documents, scientific centers with the most relevant research, most prolific authors in this field, communication clustering of keywords and drawing a network of cooperation of authors in the relevant field. The results of the studies show that the frequency of publication of related sources is still increasing; among the countries with the most related research, the United States is in first place and Spain and Indonesia in second and third place. Most printed documents are articles and the busiest field in this regard is social sciences. These keywords are placed in 6 thematic clusters. The most relevant words in the main cluster are augmented reality, learning, student, teacher, curriculum planning, and interaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Integrating visual and environmental elements using fuzzy and multi criteria evaluation methods for aesthetic quality assessment of Gharahsoo watershed, Golestan province
Fazlollah Ahmadi Mirghaed Marjan Mohammadzadeh Abdol-Rasoul Salman Mahini Seyed Hamed MirkarimiThe aesthetic value of landscape is considered as one of the most important natural resources created by the interaction of different environmental and visual variables. These values are among the factors that have a large impact on land quality and habitat conditions. MoreThe aesthetic value of landscape is considered as one of the most important natural resources created by the interaction of different environmental and visual variables. These values are among the factors that have a large impact on land quality and habitat conditions. This study was implemented with the aim of combining visual and environmental elements of aesthetic quality assessment of Gharahsoo watershed in the southwestern Golestan Province of Iran based on Fuzzy and multi criteria decision making models. First, the evaluation criteria, including various aspects of physical, biological, socio - economic and visual features of the study area were selected based on a literature review and expert’s opinion. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method was used for weighting. In the next stage, data analysis was conducted based on a fuzzy technique for order preference by similar to ideal solution (FTOPSIS) method. The weighting results of evaluation criteria showed that the criteria vegetation type, waterfall viewshed, vegetation density, proximity to rivers and naturalness with values 0.206, 0.155, 0.114, 0.114 and 0.076 respectively, are priority to other criteria in the aesthetic quality assessment of the study area. Man-made elements, including urban and rural settlements, roads and power transmission lines have received the lowest priority. Also, the results proved that there are aesthetic quality classes in various types in the study area, including most of the forest landscape in the central and south of the study area, as well as the southeast and west parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Investigating the visual pollution of non-heterogeneous land uses in the tourist areas (Case study: Dohezar and Sehezar forests of Tonekabon)
Kobra Melhosseini Darani Samar Mortazavi Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Kamran Shayesteh Samereh FalahatkarDevelopment requires land, and the most obvious feature of the development, land use change, and hence pollution of the land's landscape. For an investigation into the effect of disturbance on the landscape, land use map, using Landsat satellite image of 2016, is produc MoreDevelopment requires land, and the most obvious feature of the development, land use change, and hence pollution of the land's landscape. For an investigation into the effect of disturbance on the landscape, land use map, using Landsat satellite image of 2016, is produced. Calculating the LPI, LSI, MPS and SHDI metrics, the two viewpoints are considered in the case study area. The height of the observer is applied to the DSM map of this region and a visible zone of these points is determined. Therefore, the visual disturbance criterion is examined. According to the man-made and natural uses, this criterion is quantified, considering the above-mentioned metrics. LSI value changes from one to infinity. At the first viewpoint, amounts of the LSI are 21.32, 19 and 2.35 for forest, pasture and mine respectively. Also, in the second one, 7.27, 26.91, 22.24, 1.66, 3.90 and 13.78 are obtained for residential land, forest, pasture, aquaculture, agriculture and rocks. Small LSI numbers of mine, aquaculture and agriculture, being about one, indicates the presence of a human in these areas. The results of MPS and SHDI metrics show that the natural land use of pasture and forest are cut by the man-made of mine. From the second viewpoint, forest, pasture and rocks, having large and close MPS numbers, give a natural face to the landscape. The presence of agriculture, residential and aquaculture with small MPS values, being different from the natural land use, causes a lack of naturalness and disturbance in this part of the region. This study could develop the new and basic method for the understanding of landscape changes in the planning and management fields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Validity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social Approach
Hamid Ghasemi Nazanin Rasekh Vali NarimanifarValidity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social ApproachObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an advertising literacy questionnaire from the viewpoint of high sc MoreValidity and Reliability of an Advertising Literacy Questionnaire from the Viewpoints of an Audience using Social ApproachObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an advertising literacy questionnaire from the viewpoint of high school physical education teachers as the audience in the city of Drood.Methodology:The research method is applied in terms of purpose and employs a quantitative strategy and uses a descriptive procedure based on the structural equation method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the K-12 and high school first and second grade teachers of Drood, Lorestan Province (N = 200). In addition, it should be noted that the total population method of sampling was conducted. The measurement instrument is Malmelin’s (2010) Advertising Literacy Questionnaire, which was appraised for validity in the Iranian society. Descriptive indices and statistical tests were used to analyze the data, while the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability were used to determine reliability and convergent/divergent validity, and lastly the confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine construct validity.Results:The results of this study showed a desirable fitting of the dimensions of the advertising literacy model from the viewpoints of the audience, such that in terms of construct validity and significance levels, all items had a significant relationship with the factors and were able to serve as good predictive factors. Furthermore, it was found that based on the Cronbach's alpha values and combined reliability, the questionnaire components had acceptable reliabilityConclusion: As a result of this confirmation in the present study, we can conclude that this questionnaire can be used to examine the state, order and priority of its items according to the customers. Finally, teachers as social contacts would be able to develop Sport advertising plans and evaluate their effectiveness based on obtained results. Keywords: Physical Education teachers, information literacy, visual literacy in the arts, rhetorical literacy, advertising literacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - ورودی واژگان چندوجهی و سمعی و بصری در محیط MALL و تأثیر آن بر انگیزه زبان آموزان ایرانی و توانایی درک مطلب
Maryam Neshaee Moghaddamخواندن یکی از مهارت های انگلیسی است که زبان آموزان ایرانی به دلایل مختلف به آن نیاز دارند. همچنین کسی نمیتواند نقش واژگان را در تسلط بر زبان انگلیسی دست کم بگیرد. فناوری چندوجهی ادغام در آموزش واژگان، عصر جدیدی در آموزش زبان است که در ایران به اندازه کافی مورد مطالعه قر Moreخواندن یکی از مهارت های انگلیسی است که زبان آموزان ایرانی به دلایل مختلف به آن نیاز دارند. همچنین کسی نمیتواند نقش واژگان را در تسلط بر زبان انگلیسی دست کم بگیرد. فناوری چندوجهی ادغام در آموزش واژگان، عصر جدیدی در آموزش زبان است که در ایران به اندازه کافی مورد مطالعه قرار نگرفته است. بنابراین، پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر ورودی واژگان چندوجهی و سمعی و بصری در محیط MALL بر انگیزه و توانایی درک مطلب زبان آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. بدین منظور، مقاله از طرح کمی استفاده کرده است. محقق در یک طرح آزمایشی، تأثیر دو نوع ورودی یعنی چندوجهی و سمعی بصری را بر توانایی خواندن و انگیزش زبان آموزان متوسطه مورد بررسی قرار داد. شرکت کنندگان 80 زبان آموز سطح متوسطه بودند که 10 جلسه آموزش داشتند. آنها به دو گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند که در پیش آزمون شرکت کردند. پس از پایان ورودی ها، شرکت کنندگان مجدداً آزمون درک مطلب را به عنوان پس آزمون و همچنین نظرسنجی خواندنی MRP-R برای سنجش هرگونه تغییر در انگیزه خود را داشتند. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش ها (ورودی واژگان سمعی و بصری و ورودی واژگان چندوجهی) مؤثر بوده و گروه دوم (گروه ورودی چند وجهی) نتایج بهتری داشتند. یکی دیگر از نتایج تحقیق، اثربخشی محیط MALL در انجام چنین آموزشهایی بود. یافتههای این پژوهش به ادبیات مرتبط کمک میکند تا دانش مربوط به روشهای آموزشی چندوجهی را بیافزاید. علاوه بر این، معلمان از تأثیرات چندوجهی بر دانش واژگان و مهارت خواندن زبان آموزان آگاه خواهند بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - نقش امکانات سمعی-بصری در ایجاد انگیزه فراگیران زبان انگلیسی
Roghaye Behzadpour Reyhaneh Ghaderipour Fatemeh Behzadpour Taghi Vahidiترغیب کردن فراگیران و ایجاد انگیزه در آنها برای ارتقای بهره وری در فرآیند یادگیری یک موضوع حیاتی برای هر مربی خواهد بود. ممکن است افراد زیادی در سراسر جهان پیدا شوند که آماده به اشتراک گذاشتن خاطرات خود در مورد بهبود یا شکست در یادگیری هستند. به عبارت دیگر، همه فراگیران Moreترغیب کردن فراگیران و ایجاد انگیزه در آنها برای ارتقای بهره وری در فرآیند یادگیری یک موضوع حیاتی برای هر مربی خواهد بود. ممکن است افراد زیادی در سراسر جهان پیدا شوند که آماده به اشتراک گذاشتن خاطرات خود در مورد بهبود یا شکست در یادگیری هستند. به عبارت دیگر، همه فراگیران عموماً روند یادگیری خود را مشاهده کردهاند و اغلب آنها بین فرآیند یادگیری خود و رویکرد مربیان خود در ایجاد انگیزش ارتباط برقرار کردهاند. برای کارآمدتر کردن یادگیری زبان، باید بر روی اهدافی مانند امکانات سمعی و بصری تمرکز شود که به بهترین نحو در زبان آموزان انگیزه ایجاد می کنند. این به این دلیل است که انگیزه نقش بسیار مهمی در فرآیند یادگیری دارد. بنابراین انگیزه زبان آموزان را تشویق می کند تا زبان را به طور جامع تر و قابل فهم تر یاد بگیرند. این مقاله تلاشی مقدماتی برای بحث در مورد امکانات سمعی و بصری در فرآیند یادگیری و کمک به فراگیران برای ایجاد انگیزه کامل و پیشرفت مثمر ثمر است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Effect of Visually-Mediated Collocations on the Elementary EFL Learners’ Vocabulary Learning
Abbas Kasraian Bahram Pakfetrat -
Open Access Article
74 - Evaluating the Success of the Visual Learners in Vocabulary Learning through Word List versus Sentence Making Approaches
Ghasem Tayebi sara marefat -
Open Access Article
75 - Modeling the Effect of Packaging on Canned Goods Purchasing Decisions among Job Subcultures
Dariush Zarei Hosein Vazifehdust Vahidreza Mirabi -
Open Access Article
76 - The Role of Multisensory Environmental Stimuli in Enhancing Hyper Customers in Store Experience
Seyed Pouya Ghazi Mirsaeid Mohammad Ali Abdalvand -
Open Access Article
77 - Identifying and Assessing the Semantic and Visual Perception Signs in the Identification of Fahadan Neighborhood of Yazd
Seyyedeh Azita Majdzadeh Reza Mirzaei Seyyed Mehdi Madahi Mohammad Reza Mabhoot Ahmad Heidari -
Open Access Article
78 - Evaluating the Visual Quality of Houses in Qajar Period in Kashan City by Employing the Method of Isovist
vahid Mirzaei Hasan Sajadzadeh Nasim Khanlu -
Open Access Article
79 - Investigating the relationship between Visual- spatial Processing and working memory with creativity and math anxiety: mediation of math self-efficacy and social intelligence
Zahra Mahdavi Najmabadi Parvin Kadivar Aliakbar Arjmandnia Kambiz PoshenehPurpose: In this study, the relationship between spatial visual observation and working memory with creativity and math anxiety has been investigated through mediation of mathematical self-efficacy and social intelligence among female students. Methodology: The method i MorePurpose: In this study, the relationship between spatial visual observation and working memory with creativity and math anxiety has been investigated through mediation of mathematical self-efficacy and social intelligence among female students. Methodology: The method is correlation with a path analysis. A total of 477 students were selected randomly from a multi-stage cluster randomly from all female students of fifth grade elementary school in public schools in Tehran during the academic year of 2017-18. Students were examined by the non-verbal creativity questionnaire of Torrance Form A, MARS-R Mathematic Anxiety Scale, working Memory for Children (SMBK), Liv, Kivevala and May,s Mental Self-Efficacy, Traumous Social Intelligence (TSIS), and Processing Test Binet's spatial visualization completed. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation and path analysis were used .Results: Based on the proposed model (RMSEA = 0.001), in this study, Visual- spatial Processing variables were only indirectly mediated by social intelligence and math self-efficacy variables on math anxiety (P-value <0.05, = β) and showed a relationship with social intelligence mediating with creativity (P-value <0.05). Also, the working memory variable was displayed only directly (P-value = 0.03, β = 099) with creativity. Conclusion: Considering the confirmation of the main goal of this study, one can mention the two variables of social intelligence and mathematical self-efficacy as the variables that influence the educational priorities of the educational system in order to increase creativity and reduce the math anxiety Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Explaining the Effectiveness of Human Visual Perception in the Architectural Environment of Golden and Geometric Proportions in the Sense of Belonging to the Place
Rezvaneh Mansouri Farah Habib Azadeh Shahcheraghi -
Open Access Article
81 - Selecting and Extracting Effective Features of SSVEP-based Brain-Computer Interface
Seyedeh Faezeh Teymouri Sendesi -
Open Access Article
82 - Dynamic Envelope and Control Shading Pattern for Office Buildings Visual Comfort in Tehran
Nasim Fazeli Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad Mohammadreza Bemanian -
Open Access Article
83 - Evaluating the Effect of Visual Quality of Windows' Fields of View, on Mental Health of Apartment Residents, Through the Recording of Brain Waves
Hadi Keshmiri Maryam Haghayegh Khosro Movahed Malihe Taghipour -
Open Access Article
84 - Application of Reflective Photography Technique in Visual-Semantic Evaluation from Citizens' Point of View (Case Study: Urban Landscape of Shiraz)
Hajar Asadpour Mahmoud Ghalehnoee Armin Bahramian -
Open Access Article
85 - The Role of Physical-Behavioral Patterns Based on Conventional Wisdom in the Identity of Residential Complexes (Case Study: Urmia Elahieh Complex)
Samira Nabavi Ali Javan Forouzande Ghasem Motalebi Masoome Yaghoobi -
Open Access Article
86 - Evaluating Visual Preferences of Architects and People Toward Housing Facades, Using Multidimensional Scaling Analysis (MDS)
Hafezeh Pourdehghan Azadeh Shahcheraghi Seyed Mostafa Mokhtabad Hamid Majedi -
Open Access Article
87 - The study effectiveness of media literacy education on the critical thinking skills of students
فاطمه کرمانشاهی فریبا عزالدین mehdi badaliBecause in today's world the media are a key element in human societies, media literacy education is considered one of the basic requirements for the citizens. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of media literacy education on the critical thinki MoreBecause in today's world the media are a key element in human societies, media literacy education is considered one of the basic requirements for the citizens. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of media literacy education on the critical thinking skills of students. In this study, quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest design with control group was used. The study population in all the First base high school students of Tehran city. Use random sampling of the population, was a school, secondary school, two classes in first grade that one of these classes were randomly assigned as the experimental group and the control group formed another class. Methods This was a first for both groups (experimental and control) pretest California Critical Thinking was done, then the lesson plan 8 meeting teaching media literacy for the experimental group was the control group, no training could not be applied immediately after the training media literacy for testing, test critical thinking skills for both groups and eventually using covariance and semi-structured interviews was conducted to analyze the data. The results showed that the use of teaching media literacy on the critical thinking skills and 4 after it (analysis, evaluation, inference and inductive reasoning) than the deductive reasoning has a significant positive impact and can develop essential skills in students be. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Analyzing the Impact of Using Multimedia Visual Aids on Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral skill
Fatemeh Mohammadi Sadegh Mahla Rafsanjani FeizabadUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on MoreUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on the learners’ oral (speaking) skill. This study is an experimental research and two groups of learners in a language institute were chosen to participate in the experiment. The participants of the study were made up of 68 advanced EFL learners in a language institute in Mashhad. To homogenize the study subjects to select an appropriate sample, a placement test was administered, and 60 students were selected. Then, they were randomly classified into two groups, i.e., control and experimental groups (30 Ss in each group). The participants of the experimental group were exposed to the multimedia visual aids in their classes, while the EFL students of the control group were instructed through the conventional teaching method and using ordinary material. The results indicated that the use of multi-media visual aids could positively impact the Iranian EFL learner's' speaking ability. Findings of this study have numerous implications for language teachers, practitioners and administrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Comparative Effect of Visual and Auditory Teaching Techniques on Retention of Word Stress patterns: A Case Study of English as a Foreign Language Curriculum in Iran
Maryam Homapour Zohre Mohamadi -
Open Access Article
90 - Visual Torch Position Control Using Fuzzy-Servoing Controller for Arc Welding Process.
Reza Babazadeh Tili Fereshteh Akbarnejad Vahid Rostami -
Open Access Article
91 - A Novel Approach to Background Subtraction Using Visual Saliency Map
Soheil Tehranipour Hamidreza Rashidy Kanan -
Open Access Article
92 - Improving Energy-Efficient Target Coverage in Visual Sensor Networks
Behrooz Shahrokhzadeh Mehdi Dehghan MohammadReza Shahrokhzadeh -
Open Access Article
93 - Visual Tracking using Learning Histogram of Oriented Gradients by SVM on Mobile Robot
Iman Zabbah Shima Foolad Ali Maroosi Alireza Pourreza -
Open Access Article
94 - Presenting the pattern of cognitive and emotional elements in visual advertisements
ALLAHYAR GHASEMI ahmad Rahchamani Hamidreza saeedniaAbstractThis research has been done with the aim of providing a model of cognitive and emotional elements in visual advertisements. This research, which was carried out with the qualitative approach of Classic grounded theory, deals with the identification, discovery an MoreAbstractThis research has been done with the aim of providing a model of cognitive and emotional elements in visual advertisements. This research, which was carried out with the qualitative approach of Classic grounded theory, deals with the identification, discovery and modeling of cognitive and emotional elements in visual advertisements. In this research, after conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews, open coding was done during the implementation and auditing of the interviews. The formation of the main category and its concepts, as well as theoretical coding, were implemented in order to discover the relationship between the elements of the model. In this research, theoretical saturation was done after 16 deep interviews. After completing the above steps, 51 codes were extracted for this research, which led to the emergence of the category "Effectiveness of visual, cognitive and emotional aspects of the organization's environmental advertising" and four concepts, 1- Innovation in organizational color design in environmental advertising with the aim of arousing emotion and visual recognition From the organization, 2- Designing and implementing a minimal organizational logo in environmental advertising with the effect of increasing recognition, 3- Using a website with a short and long-lasting domain in environmental advertising with an effect on recognition, 4- Using an organizational slogan in environmental advertising with the effect of increasing recognition. turned around in order to be successful in advertising campaigns, the correct use of emotional and cognitive visual elements is necessary and necessary, which is discussed in this research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Daylight quality evaluation of Pardis Architecture Atelier building, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tehran
narmin kheyri Ahmadreza khaliliAbstractObjectives: The speed of scientific progress, especially in the field of new technologies in the construction industry on the one hand and the need to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy on the other hand, the use of a huge God-given source of sunligh MoreAbstractObjectives: The speed of scientific progress, especially in the field of new technologies in the construction industry on the one hand and the need to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy on the other hand, the use of a huge God-given source of sunlight has become a necessity for human survival. In this research, in the first place, the quality of daylight in one of the old buildings of the Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran is examined; Then, the effect of dynamic canopies on improving the lighting quality of the interior of the building is evaluated.Methods: The methodology and design process begins with the simulation of the building model using the Rhino/Grass Hopper computational design software and the use of the Climate Studio plugin. This plugin is a building energy parametric simulation software that according to the time and weather conditions of Tehran, daylight, glare and energy consumption indicators of the current state of the building is examined, then assuming the installation of a dynamic canopy, simulation And the indicators are analyzed again. Climate Studio plugin provides results according to the lead standard with easy use and super analysis speed.Findings: Research findings show that it is necessary to use canopies to prevent glare indoors most of the year. Also, the effect of dynamic canopies in controlling the intensity of radiation and glare and setting the conditions in an acceptable range of brightness and temperature, is fully observed.Conclusion: The results show the adjustment of daylight and the conditions in the range of visual comfort and optimal energy consumption at any time of operation due to the adaptability of the canopy to climatic conditions intelligently, which is explained in detail in the research text.The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of daylight and visual comfort in the architecture studio building of the University of Tehran Fine Arts Campus in Tehran. First, building plans were drawn using computational software. To study the level of visual comfort and proper distribution of daylight in indoor spaces, Climate Studio plugin was used to analyze, analyze and simulate daylight. Using the technique of folding plates and determining the movement method and placing the canopy in front of the building facade and openings, we prepared the simulation preparations. The analysis was then repeated for the presence of a dynamic sample canopy; To find out to what extent the presence of canopies affects daylight indicators. One of the most important results for the Instant Light Index is excessive radiation intensity, especially in December. Due to this result, it is necessary to use curtains or awnings to prevent glare in most cases. Given the north orientation of the classrooms, there is no disturbing glare, and its range is due to the radius of the rays reflected from the environment near the windows. East and west do not use the opening and consequently no annoying light enters the building. The main light shines from the south to the studios and has the greatest effect on changes in the intensity and quality of light in this area. Considering the need to use daylight in educational environments and the potential of Tehran climate in providing sufficient light, the results show that in this climate, adaptable canopies can effectively distribute daylight and increase visual comfort. This conclusion does not in any way reduce the excellent efficiency of the architecture studio building of Tehran Fine Arts Campus and the designers' attention to the presence of daylight in its educational space and confirms the correctness of its operation. However, to adjust the amount of interior lighting and adaptability to natural climatic changes in the environment, the use of smart awnings is a very valuable solution for designers. The advantages of folding panels and the use of new technologies in the facades of buildings, in addition to beauty, fulfill the human desire to preserve their environment and make the most of renewable energy. Climate Studio plugin is an energy simulation plugin and surely in future research, we will explain the role of daylight in the optimal energy consumption in the architecture studio building and prove the correctness of its designers' performance.Keywords: Visual comfort, thermal comfort, daylight, adaptable canopy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Studying the effect of factors effective on navigating in in-between spaces of residential complexes based on visual perception (case study: three residential complexes in Kerman)
Firoozeh Azmoon Mahdiyeh Moeini Reza Afhami Abbas MasoudiThe pattern of arrangement of residential blocks regarding the quality of navigation for the residents is one of the most important components in designing residential environments. The reason of studying in-between space is the significance of its design in increasing MoreThe pattern of arrangement of residential blocks regarding the quality of navigation for the residents is one of the most important components in designing residential environments. The reason of studying in-between space is the significance of its design in increasing the residents navigating quality. In some contemporary residential patterns, some of features of in-between spaces have been omitted or, if existing, don’t have an appropriate spatial quality. Navigation in In- between space of the residential environment is of the great importance subject. Significant components are effective in enhancing the optimal quality of routing.Therefore, creating environmental backgrounds has a great significance for increasing the navigating quality in residential settings in-between spaces, since it causes the audiences route readability and as a result raises the spatial quality. This study showed that studying the factors effective on navigating quality from audiences' viewpoint and in the after residence stage may yield effective findings for promotion of planning and design of the residential blocks in-between spaces. After residence evaluation depends on the study of effective factors organization which is the accurate recognition of these factors and their effectiveness in navigating from the residents' viewpoint. In this paper, based on performed studies, the components effective on the audience-oriented navigation were identified and classified in three environmental, human and visual domains. This study evaluates the factors effective in designing in-between space and the relation between them regarding navigation. The history of the subject of the relation of inside and outside space has a close relation with the topics discussed in the domain of environmental psychology and behavioral sciences. The need to such debates in the housing ground and relating to what people want their houses was revealed after the failure of some residential projects constructed in 1950s and 1960s.Comparing the obtained parameters the relations between the components of visual perception may be studied regarding the study's objective. For more clarification of the problem, the objects of the study are mentioned as follows: 1- Finding the factors effective on navigation and environmental perception 2- Finding the relation between the components effective in navigation For finding the environmental-human and visual factors, at first field study of the residential complexes in in-between space was performed, then regarding the studied theoretical fundamentals, a table of these factors was prepared.At first, the mentioned components were scrutinized with the content analysis and then were assessed in three residential complexes with structured observation checklist and questionnaire with 90-person statistical population. The questionnaire was codified in three sections based on the components. Data analysis was performed with the aim of finding the significance and relation of the components with each other with SPSS Version 26 software and using Friedman test. The results of study show that from the residents' perception perspective, the balance between three environmental, visual and human components leads to creation of a more optimal space for navigation. These factors were categorized in three groups. It should be mentioned that the components extraction was performed from the research literature and based on the observational checklist and taking notes. Based on Friedman test, the components priority based on their influence rate according to the findings includes respectively visual component, human component and environmental componentAlso, regarding Freidman test, the environmental variable components in the order of significance includes: Form, stimulus of light, color, knot, sequence, spatial, road, contrast, edge, mark Ranking of human variables of components includes: social liveliness, readability, security, control and supervision, availability, pedestrian orientation Ranking of visual variable components includes environment, area, concentration and compression, centuriation, occlusion This study seeks to prove the balance among environmental, human and visual components and finally suggests the designers of this domain to extract a checklist of all effective items resulting from these three components in pre-residence design and their relation with each other. Also, the relation between these variables was extracted based on triple variables. The result of the study shows that the balance between three components may aid the audience in selecting their path. Also, the results of the study helps the designers for creating a framework based on effective factors to be utilized in pre-residence design due to lack of access to environmental user. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - An Explanation of Solutions to Promote theVisual Quality of Kitchen Residential Spaces Based on the Basics of Visual Ecology (Video-ecology)
mohammad hossein javanmardi Tahereh Nasr Jamal-e-Din MahdiNejadImages received from the surrounding environment in the form of visual perception greatly contribute to the human-environment relationship and satisfaction with his residence. Recent studies demonstrate that the matching of images received from the surrounding environme MoreImages received from the surrounding environment in the form of visual perception greatly contribute to the human-environment relationship and satisfaction with his residence. Recent studies demonstrate that the matching of images received from the surrounding environment with physiological and vision standards could increase peoples’ sense of satisfaction and the visual quality of their living spaces. Thus, the core subject was to develop solutions to increase the visual quality of living spaces, such as kitchens. The study hypothesized that the components of visual quality, including symmetry, rhythm, the type of line forms, the type of materials, proportions and scales, and color and light contrasts affect users’ satisfaction and the visual quality of the environment. Independent variables of the study included the components that affected the visual quality of the environment, while the dependent variable of the study was users’ satisfaction and inclination, and consequently the visual quality of the environment. The study method fell under quantitative and qualitative research, and the study approach was correlational, which evaluated the components of visual quality related to the physiological mechanism of vision in the kitchen environment in houses. Data were collected by library studies and questionnaires. In general, the study aimed to explain solutions to improve the visual quality of residential kitchen spaces using the basics of visual ecology. The theoretical framework of the study was founded on five physiological mechanisms of vision, including on - and off-systems, reflection function, saccadic automation, spatial frequency, and binocular vision, as the most important indicators affecting the visual quality of a residential environment were based on the views of researchers and theorists. Questionnaire results were analyzed by Photoshop, SPSS, and MATLAB digital image processing software. The findings indicated that in all fronts of the kitchen, people were inclined to unbroken simple, and curved forms and lines. Concerning the component of rhythm, the results indicated that except for the kitchen’s ceiling, as regards the remaining fronts, people were mostly inclined to an image with a rhythm in an x-y axis direction, which may be due to the vertical and horizontal axes being in one direction with the vision system standards and the observer’s angle of vision in line with the binocular vision and saccadic mechanisms. Findings from the component of symmetry also demonstrated that in all five fronts of the kitchen environment, people were mostly inclined to a highly symmetrical image in an axial direction, which may be due to less disturbance at the point of gravity of each form relative to another and visual uniformity and comfort because of the frequency and mutations created based on points of gravity in line with the saccadic mechanism in each image. Concerning proportions in all kitchen fronts, people were mostly inclined to golden proportions because of the human’s range of vision. Concerning the component of materials, people were mostly inclined to the front at which the gas stove and cabinet surface were located, with the front of the dish-washing sink and the cabinet surface seeing a mixture of fully natural materials such as wood, semi-artificial and natural materials. This may be due to the theory of Reflection Function and the more appropriate natural surfaces and textures compared to artificial materials in terms of visual physiology. Also, on the wall front between the cabinet in the back of the stove and the dish-washing sink, people were mostly inclined to use semi-artificial and semi-natural materials such as ceramics and PVC wall covering. Concerning the component of environmental color contrasts, findings showed that people’s inclination at the front of the stove, cabinet surface, and dish-washing sink was directed at applying colors with moderate and high color contrasts because of the need for sharp-sightedness, non-uniformity, and visual fatigue, which would help perform daily activities in the kitchen in line with the on- and off-system principles. Also, at the wall front between the cabinet in the back of the stove and the sink, people were mostly inclined to apply colors with low color contrast to maintain visual comfort and visual concentration over the stove and the sink surfaces. As well, people were mostly inclined to use curved window forms with moderate rises because of the greater activity of the anterior cingulate cortex and the on- and off-systems mechanism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - The impact of multimedia teaching assistant dictated on visual memory improvement and self-education of students with disabilities learn spelling in second grade of school of welfare Shabestar city
Nasim Faraji Parviz Karimi SaniThe aim of this study was to dictate sweetheart multimedia production and its effectiveness in improving auditory and visual memory problems and learning disabilities were spelled students' academic self-efficacy. The research design was quasi-experimental and two group MoreThe aim of this study was to dictate sweetheart multimedia production and its effectiveness in improving auditory and visual memory problems and learning disabilities were spelled students' academic self-efficacy. The research design was quasi-experimental and two group pre-test and post-test. The population consisted of students with disabilities in learning second grade elementary school was well Shabestar`s in the academic year 94-95. The sample consisted of 16 subjects who were randomly of these, 8 patients in the experimental group and 8 patients in the control group. 15 sessions with multimedia dictate the experimental group and the control group with conventional methods were trained assistant. The students at the center of the test to detect learning disabilities visual memory, auditory memory test and spelling test was used. Spelling test data collection, to determine the normal distribution of data Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results showed that students who dictated multimedia companion, that the students were trained in the conventional trained significantly greater improvement in visual memory problems as well as their academic self-efficacy. So dictated multimedia companion improve auditory (P<0/01) and visual memory (P<0/01) problems and learning disabilities students' academic self-efficacy (P<0/01) spell is effective. It is suggested multimedia spelling dictation assistant in the education of students with disabilities in learning, and for other types of learning disabilities, educational multimedia production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The effect of memory reinforcement strategies training on visual memory and spelling of pupils in second and fifth grades primary school with learning disorder
Majid Pakdaman Kobra Ghorbanpour study aimed at effect strategies enhancing memory on visual enhance memory and improving spell for elementary school students have been done learning difficulties. Method in semi- More study aimed at effect strategies enhancing memory on visual enhance memory and improving spell for elementary school students have been done learning difficulties. Method in semi-experimental study 60 students (30 girls and 30 boys) of the second and fifth grade educational level with learning difficulties in lessons of spelling, the sampling method were selected and matched in terms of demographic characteristics. First test of visual memory Kim karad and spell the sample group as was conducted pre-test. The students were for 15 sessions 45 minutes enhance memory training strategies and Kim karad visual memory test again at the end and were evaluated post test spelling. validity spelling test by experts confirm and the correlation coefficient of two unique forms of spelling was obtained based on a pilot implementation of the second 0/98 (0/0001> p) and for fifth grade 0/99 (0/0001> p) and the correlation coefficient for test Kim karad in the pre-test and retest method post test 0/86 (0/0001> p). The data at the dependent t method and analysis of covariance were analyzed. The results showed that both grades teaching has improve to strategies enhance memory significant effect on visual memory students spelling. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that grade and sex does not modify the effect of teaching strategies. Results indicate that the teaching strategies enhance memory can improve visual memory and primary school students their spelling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Investigating the mental health and hope of blind people compared to visually impaired
Kamrooz Fathi Sohella Bahari Alinaghi Agdasi shole livarjaniThe aim of this study was to investigate the mental health and life expectancy of blind women compared to sighted people. The present research method was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of the study included blind males and visually impaired wome MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the mental health and life expectancy of blind women compared to sighted people. The present research method was descriptive and comparative. The statistical population of the study included blind males and visually impaired women of Tabriz in 1399-1389. The sample of 80 female was selected in the first stage using the available sampling method (40 blind people and 40 sighted people) and were compared in two independent groups as blind and sighted. The overall health scale (28-GHQ) and life expectancy of Snyder (1991) were completed by the subjects. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The final results showed that there was no significant difference in the level of life expectancy and dimensions of factor thinking and pathways in the group of blind and sighted (p >0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference in the level of mental health between the group of blind and sighted subjects (p <0.05). In addition, the results showed that among the dimensions of mental health, only in the dimension of physical symptoms and anxiety and insomnia symptoms, there is a significant difference between blind and sighted groups (p <0.05). According to the results of the study, it can be acknowledged that despite the low level of mental health in blind people, there is no difference in life expectancy between blind and sighted people and the life expectancy of blind people is almost the same as sighted people due to increased friendships and Family and social networks Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - A Study of the Effectiveness of Perceptual-Motor Exercises on Visual-Spatial Processing and Dictation Function in Second Grade Elementary School Girls with Learning Disabilities in Tabriz
MONIREH Hejabidokht Imen Seyed Davood Hosseini Nasab Masoumeh AzmoudehThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of perceptual-motor exercises on visual-spatial processing and dictation performance in second grade elementary school girls with learning disabilities in Tabriz. The present research method is quasi-experimental in whic MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of perceptual-motor exercises on visual-spatial processing and dictation performance in second grade elementary school girls with learning disabilities in Tabriz. The present research method is quasi-experimental in which a pre-test-post-test research design with a control group was used. The statistical population included all female second grade elementary school students with learning disabilities in Tabriz. The statistical sample of the present study was 20 students using the available sampling method and randomly replaced in the experimental and control groups. Perceptual-motor interventions were performed in 10 sessions for the experimental group, 2 sessions of 45 minutes per week. The tools used included the educational package of exceptional education in the country called timely intervention for education and rehabilitation of new students with general learning problems and Wechsler 4 test and diagnostic reading test of Sima Shirazi and Nilipour. Research data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. Data analysis was performed using software (SPSS). The results of the post-test intergroup effects test by removing the pre-test effect show that between the means of the experimental and control groups in the components of symbolization (P <0.05, F = 2.545) and encryption (P> 0.05). , F = 1.280) and line drawing (P> 0.05, F = 2.787) and cube design (P> 0.05, F = 0.857) there is no significant difference. The effect size calculated in dictation (P = 0.510) indicates the high effect of perceptual-motor exercises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Comparison of the amount and type of use of Tehran citizens From print media to audio-visual media
Badee Ghorbani Somayeh Tajik Esmaeili Sarvenaz TorbatiThe present study was designed and conducted with the aim of comparing the amount and type of use of written media with audio-visual media by Tehran citizens. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive method and has been performed with a survey techni MoreThe present study was designed and conducted with the aim of comparing the amount and type of use of written media with audio-visual media by Tehran citizens. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive method and has been performed with a survey technique and a questionnaire measurement tool. The statistical population includes all citizens living in Tehran, which according to the latest census in 2016 and the statistics available on the website of the Statistics Center of Iran is 8,693,706 people. The research questionnaires were distributed through a google form among a sample of 396 people and were analyzed using SPSS. Findings showed that the amount and type of use of print media by Tehran citizens is different from audio-visual media and the rate of citizens' use of written media (such as books, newspapers, weekly, monthly, etc.) of audio-visual media (radio, television) , Cinema, theater, internet and cyberspace) less. This difference in media consumption is in some cases also due to the gender of the citizens.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - تأثیر تجسم , ترسیم و حفظ طوطی وار بر یادگیری و بازیابی واژگان انگلیسی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی
امیر حسین سرکشیکیان سید عبدالمجید طباطبایی لطفی Saeide Hosseiniبا توجه به نقش دانش واژگانی در یادگیری زبان، راهکارهای یادگیری واژگان باید در ادبیات مربوطه بیشتر مورد توجه قرار گیرد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر تجسم، نقاشی و حفظ بر یادگیری و بازیابی واژگان زبان دوم زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی پرداخت. بدین منظور سه کلاس بهعنوان گر Moreبا توجه به نقش دانش واژگانی در یادگیری زبان، راهکارهای یادگیری واژگان باید در ادبیات مربوطه بیشتر مورد توجه قرار گیرد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر تجسم، نقاشی و حفظ بر یادگیری و بازیابی واژگان زبان دوم زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی پرداخت. بدین منظور سه کلاس بهعنوان گروههای آزمایشی این پژوهش بهطور تصادفی انتخاب شدند. آزمون اندازه واژگان نیشن (2006) برای همگن سازی آنها از نظر دانش واژگانی انگلیسی انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه نشان داد که بین سه گروه از نظر دانش واژگان تفاوت معناداری وجود ندارد. یک آزمون آزمایشی واژگان محقق ساخته به عنوان پیش آزمون و پس آزمون برای شرکت کنندگان اجرا شد. تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه نشان داد که بین عملکرد گروه ها در پس آزمون فوری و تاخیری تفاوت معنی داری وجود ندارد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل واریانس اندازهگیریهای مکرر نشان داد که سه راهبرد بر یادآوری واژگان سه گروه تأثیر معناداری دارد. با این حال، حفظ واژگان همه گروه ها به طور قابل توجهی از پس آزمون فوری به پس آزمون با تاخیر کاهش یافته است. با این حال، گروه نقاشی بهترین عملکرد را از پیش آزمون تا پس آزمون فوری و گروه حفظ در پس آزمون تاخیری ضعیف ترین عملکرد را داشتند. در نهایت، یافته ها مورد بحث قرار گرفته و مفاهیم ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - تاثیر مقایسه ای استفاده از استراتژی های شنیداری برروی درک شنیداری زبان آموزان با آسیب بینایی در دو گروه شخصیتی واکنشی (انعکاسی) و تکانشی
فروزان بیرانوند بهدخت مال امیریاین مطالعه با هدف مقایسه تاثیر استراتژی های شنیداری از جمله فراشناختی، شناختی و اجتماعی / عاطفی بر روی درک شنیداری زبان آموزانی با سبک یادگیری تکانشی و انعکاسی با آسیب بینایی می باشد.شرکت کنندگان در این مطالعه 58زبان آموز پسر و دختر ب Moreاین مطالعه با هدف مقایسه تاثیر استراتژی های شنیداری از جمله فراشناختی، شناختی و اجتماعی / عاطفی بر روی درک شنیداری زبان آموزانی با سبک یادگیری تکانشی و انعکاسی با آسیب بینایی می باشد.شرکت کنندگان در این مطالعه 58زبان آموز پسر و دختر با آسیب بینایی با سطح پیش متوسط با گروه سنی 12-20 در غرب ایران ، خرم آباد بودند. این شرکت کنندگان به صورت غیر تصادفی از میان 10 کلاس مختلف در دسترس محقق انتخاب شدند. به منظور انتخاب شرکت کنندگان، محقق با یادگیرندگان این 10 کلاس صحبت کرد وتوافق 58 زبان آموز برای شرکت در مطالعه را بدست آورد.تست PETروی 30 دانش آموز با ویژگی های مشابه گروه هدف اجرا شد، سپس تست روی 72 زبان آموز برای همگن کردن شرکت کنندگان اجرا شد.در ادامه 58 دانش آموز انتخاب شدند.سپس منظور تقسیم شرکت کنندگان بر اساس کارایی آنها به دو گروه تکانشی و انعکاسی محقق پرسشنامه Personality Questionnaire Eysenck (1975) سه گزینه ای را اجرا کرد و شرکت کنندگان در دو گروه آزمایشی تکانشی و انعکاسی تعیین شدند. علاوه بر این محقق مطمئن شد که شرکت کنندگان این دو گروه از لحاظ درک شنیداری قبل از شروع تریتمنت همگن شده اند. در این مطالعه هر دو گروه آزمایشی درک شنیداری از طریق استراتژی های شنیداری فراشناختی، شناختی و اجتماعی / عاطفی تمرین کردند.بخش شنیداری آزمون PET به عنوان پست تست در پایان تریتمنت درهر دو گروه اجرا شد و نمرات میانگین آنها روی تست ها از طریق آزمون-t مقایسه شد. نتایج تحلیل آماری منجر به رد فرضیه صفر با این نتیجه که یادگیرندگان گروه انعکاسی، در زمینه درک شنیداری درمقایسه با یادگیرندگان گروه آزمایشی تکانشی عملکرد بهتری داشتند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - تحلیل انتقادی بصری نمادهای جنسیت در مواد درسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی از دیدگاه چند بعدی
توران آهور پردیس زعفرانیدراین تحقیق محتوایی با بکارگیری دیدگاه چند بعدی و تحلیل انتقادی بصری نماد های جنسیتی در سری کتابهای تاپ ناچ که از پرکاربردترین کتابهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی در ایران میباشند، مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. برای این منظورشش تصویر از این کتاب ها انتخاب شده و از لحاظ ح Moreدراین تحقیق محتوایی با بکارگیری دیدگاه چند بعدی و تحلیل انتقادی بصری نماد های جنسیتی در سری کتابهای تاپ ناچ که از پرکاربردترین کتابهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی در ایران میباشند، مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. برای این منظورشش تصویر از این کتاب ها انتخاب شده و از لحاظ حالت های معنایی "بازنمادی"، "تعاملی" و "ترکیب بندی" مورد تحلیل قرار گرفته اند. نتایج حاصله نشان داد که هیچ گونه پیش بینی قالبی و کلیشه ای در مورد جنسیت وجود ندارد و هر دو جنس مذکر و مونث عاملان اجتماعی در وضعیت برابری نشان داده شده اند. تحلیل انتقادی تصاویردر این تحقیق می تواند برای برنامه ریزان مواد آموزشی و نیزمسئولین انتخاب کتب آموزشی بطور کلی و کتب آموزش زبان انگلیسی بطور خاص اهمیت داشته باشد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - رابطه بین استفاده از کمکهای بصری، نوع متون شنیداری و عملکرد زبان آموزان پیشرفته انگلیسی در آزمون شنیداری
غلامرضا کیانی سارا جلالیارزیابی مهارت شنیداری از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار می باشد. عوامل زیادی بر نحوه عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری تاثیرگذار هستند، از قبیل استفاده از ویدیو، انواع مختلف متون شنیداری، وجود کمکهای بصری و غیره. موضوعی که امروزه بیشتر مدنظر می باشد همین کمکهای بصری اس Moreارزیابی مهارت شنیداری از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار می باشد. عوامل زیادی بر نحوه عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری تاثیرگذار هستند، از قبیل استفاده از ویدیو، انواع مختلف متون شنیداری، وجود کمکهای بصری و غیره. موضوعی که امروزه بیشتر مدنظر می باشد همین کمکهای بصری است. بیشتر آزمونهای شنیداری از نوارهای از پیش ضبط شده برای تستهای خود استفاده می کنند. گرچه امروزه با ورود ویدیو و سایر وسایل بصری (مثل تصاویر، نقشه ها و غیره) به کلاسهای درس، کنجکاویهای زیادی در رابطه با تاثیر این عوامل برروی عملکرد زبان آموزان در تستهای شنیداری بوجود آمده است. این تحقیق تلاشی است برای مشخص کردن نوع تاثیر (مثبت یا منفی) استفاده از کمکهای بصری و نوع متون شنیداری (مکالمه و صحبت یک طرفه) بر پاسخ دهی زبان آموزان پیشرفته در سوالات شنیداری. بدین منظور 180 زبان آموز پیشرفته بصورت تصادفی و از طریق آزمون انتخاب شده و سپس بصورت تصادفی به سه گروه و هر گروه شامل 60 نفر تقسیم شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری بین استفاده و عدم استفاده از کمکهای بصری وجود دارد. همچنین تفاوت معناداری بین دو نوع متون شنیداری (مکالمه و صحبت یک طرفه) نیز وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - تاثیر مقایسه ای تقویتدرون داد بصری و شنیداری بر یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی نامتجانس (ناموافق) در زبان آموزان ایرانی
بهدخت مال امیری پرستو علی زاده اقیانوس عاطفه زهره وندواژگان یکی از اجزای اساسی زبان هستند و یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی به عنوان بخشی از واژگان برای زبانآموزان خارجی بسیارچالش برانگیز است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیرات تقویت درون داد بصری وشنیداری روی یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی نامتجانس (ناموافق) صورت گرفته است. شرکت کنندگان د Moreواژگان یکی از اجزای اساسی زبان هستند و یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی به عنوان بخشی از واژگان برای زبانآموزان خارجی بسیارچالش برانگیز است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیرات تقویت درون داد بصری وشنیداری روی یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی نامتجانس (ناموافق) صورت گرفته است. شرکت کنندگان در اینپژوهش 90 زبان آموز سطح متوسط بودند که به دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروهآزمایشی اول تقویت درون داد بصری و گروه بعدی تقویت درون داد شنیداری دریافت کردند و گروه کنترل نیزهیچگونه مطلب تقویت شده ای دریافت نکردند. از گروه ها قبل و بعد از اجرای روش آموزشی مورد تحقیق یکتست درباره دانسته هایشان از افعال چند قسمتی نامتجانس (ناموافق) گرفته شد که این تست افعال چند قسمتینامتجانس (ناموافق) توسط پژوهشگران طراحی شده بود. نتایج تحلیل داده ها نشان داد که هر دو تقویت درونداد بصری و شنیداری در یادگیری افعال چند قسمتی نامتجانس(ناموافق) توسط زبان آموزان ایرانی موثر بودند.اگرچه تفاوت قابل توجهی بین نتایج به دست آمده از این دو گروه وجود نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - ایدئولوژی تلویزیون ایران در ارائه اخبار از منظر تحلیل گفتمان انتقادی
محمد مکی رحمان صحراگردرسانه بطور عام و اخبار بطور خاص اجزای جدایی ناپذیر زندگی امروزی را تشکیل می دهند. اخبار تلویزیون که دارای ویژگی های تصویری علاوه بر ویژگی های زبانی و کلامی می باشد، داده های این تحقیق را تشکیل می دهد. در حقیقت این تحقیق، ایدئولوژی تلویزیون ملی ایران را در ارائه مط Moreرسانه بطور عام و اخبار بطور خاص اجزای جدایی ناپذیر زندگی امروزی را تشکیل می دهند. اخبار تلویزیون که دارای ویژگی های تصویری علاوه بر ویژگی های زبانی و کلامی می باشد، داده های این تحقیق را تشکیل می دهد. در حقیقت این تحقیق، ایدئولوژی تلویزیون ملی ایران را در ارائه مطالب متفاوت بررسی می کند. بطور دقیقتر، سه گزارش خبری مهم از منظر بین المللی که یکی مثبت برای "ما" (دوست) و یکی منفی برای دیگران (دشمن) و یکی خنثی محسوب می شدند برای این تحقیق انتخاب شدند. سپس این گزارش ها بطور دقیق بررسی شدند و واژگان آنها، ساختارهای دستوری، فنون بلاغی آنها با هم مقایسه شدند تا تفاوت های سه خبر در ارایه مسائل گوناگون آشکار شود. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که این سه خبر با استراتژهای کاملا متفاوت به بیننده ارایه شده است و کلمات با بار ایدئولوژیک برای انتقال مفاهیم مثبت و منفی استفاده شده است. به علاوه، ویژگی های تصویری (زاویه دید، نوع نگاه و فاصله) یافته های کلامی را تایید کرد. یافته های این تحقیق نشان می دهد که انتخاب های واژگانی و ساختاری کاملا بصورت هدف دار در رسانه انجام می شود. پس می توان گفت که این نتایج به زمینه های زبان شناسی، نشانه شناسی و رسانه کمک می کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The effectiveness of chess training on the development of spatial visualization intelligence and creativity of preschool children
soheila hossainpour zainab BahramiThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of chess education in developing spatial visualization intelligence and creativity of preschool children in Helilan city. The research method in this research was a semi-experimental resear MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of chess education in developing spatial visualization intelligence and creativity of preschool children in Helilan city. The research method in this research was a semi-experimental research method of pre-test-post-test type with a control group in terms of practical purpose and in terms of the nature and method of data collection. The statistical population included all preschool children of Helilan city in the number of 842 people, 40 people were selected based on the available sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of 20 people, control and experimental, the experimental group received the chess educational package for children. He received the duration of 12 sessions consecutively and three sessions a week for 45 minutes. Nd. But the control group did not receive any special training. In this research, two standard questionnaires were used for data collection: Torrance Visual Creativity Test (Form B) and Raven Children's Test (1938). In order to analyze the data, two levels of descriptive statistics (prevalence, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Shapiro test, Lone test, covariance analysis test) were performed in spss software. The results of the findings showed that chess training has an effect on the development of spatial visualization intelligence (F=307.23 and P<.001) and creativity (F=712.45 and P<.001) of preschool children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The Effectiveness of Using, Visual organization Knowledge, Understanding and Using the Empirical Concepts
Javad Mesrabadi Abolfazl Farid Zahra BaghbaniThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual organizers on the knowledge, understanding and application of the concepts of the sixth grade elementary experimental sciences. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental de MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using visual organizers on the knowledge, understanding and application of the concepts of the sixth grade elementary experimental sciences. The research design used in this study was a quasi-experimental design with post-test pretest with comparison groups in which the effectiveness of training based on the presentation of visual organizers on the three cognitive efficiencies of knowledge, perception, and application was evaluated. The subjects of this study were 120 sixth grade elementary school students in Bonab city who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method with validity and reliability. The subjects' learning rate before and after presenting the visual organizers in the groups, the teacher-made academic achievement test was valid and reliable. The results of data analysis using multivariate analysis of covariance showed that the use of video organizers during teaching and when reviewing and summarizing lessons, has a significant effect on increasing the learning of learners' cognitive domains. The findings of this study show the practical implications of using video organizers in the education process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Effectiveness of Cognitive Rehabilitation Education on Improving Visual and Autistic Memory in Children with Learning Disabilities with Hyperactivity Disorder and Hyperactivity Disorders
Zeynab Khanjani Khadijeh salehi Aghdam Elahe AfiResearches in the field of children with learning disabilities show that these children often have disturbances in perception, language, phonological processing, motor disorders and memory. Memory problems of many of children with learning disabilities associated with v MoreResearches in the field of children with learning disabilities show that these children often have disturbances in perception, language, phonological processing, motor disorders and memory. Memory problems of many of children with learning disabilities associated with various auditory and visual processes and memory disorders in these children may be deficient in other cognitive domains. On the one hand, the researches in the field of cognitive rehabilitation show the improvement of executive functions such as attention and memory through this method. Considering the findings and aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation in children with learning disabilities (with and without ADHD) in auditory and visual memory improvement, 26 cases of children with learning disabilities (10 with ADHD and 15 without ADHD) was selected and assessed with CSI-4 and rehabilitated through N-back software (21 half-hour sessions) and data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and t-test. Results showed that cognitive rehabilitation for groups have been effective and differences in effectiveness for auditory memory in the two groups was significant and effective for auditory memory in LD children with ADHD was significant compared to the group without ADHD. The difference for visual memory was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The effect of computer based cognitive empowerment on active memory performance, attention, language ability, visual-spatial abilities and eloquence and fluency in elderly people
Rana Atri Ebrahimpour Jalil Babapour Kheyradin Mohsen AhmadiThis study aimed at considering the effect of computer-based cognitive empowerment on active memory performance, attention, language ability, visual-spatial abilities and eloquence and fluency in elderly people. This research method was experimental in which cognitive p MoreThis study aimed at considering the effect of computer-based cognitive empowerment on active memory performance, attention, language ability, visual-spatial abilities and eloquence and fluency in elderly people. This research method was experimental in which cognitive performance (active memory, attention, time of visual / auditory reaction) were taken into account before and after presenting computer-based cognitive empowerment on experimental group for 20 thirty-minute sessions within 8 weeks. Statistical population included elderly people of Khuban sanatorıum of Tabriz with the age range of 60-65. Regarding the experimental the sample included 30 people (15 people for experimental group and 15 people for control group) that were chosen out of the elderly people by available sampling method and were randomly assigned in two groups of experimental and control, and subjects were matched in both groups. The used instruments were computer-based cognitive assignment of brain and cognition sciences center and Aden Brook, revised version test. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency and descriptive chart and the hypotheses were tested by Covariance Analysis Method. The findings indicated that computer-based cognitive empowerment was effective on cognitive functions (active memory, attention, spatial/ visual). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Determining the Relationship between Strategic Thinking and Multiple Intelligences (Based on Howard Gardner’s MI Theory) among Sales and Business Managers
Soleyman Iranzadeh Ali SadegiIn today’s changing context, understanding the conditions and predicting the main processes are the only ways through which the organizations can improve their status among the competitors. Such a thing can be achieved solely by managers with high levels of strate MoreIn today’s changing context, understanding the conditions and predicting the main processes are the only ways through which the organizations can improve their status among the competitors. Such a thing can be achieved solely by managers with high levels of strategic thinking. The purpose of the present research is supporting organizations in appointing managers with high levels of strategic thinking by employing multiple intelligences theory as a leading theory in considering individual differences so that these managers would definitely improve the organization status among their competitors. The research hypothesis was as follows: There is a significant relationship between strategic thinking and verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, bodily/kinesthetic, visual/spatial, musical/harmonic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal intelligences. The findings of the study showed a significant relationship between visual/spatial, logical/mathematical, interpersonal intelligences and strategic thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Managers' Views on Mechanization Management for Visual Archive of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB)
Zahra Abazari SeyedRasool Toudar Rasool Abbasi Mojtaba NasiriThe purpose of this research is to study the viewpoints of managers on mechanization management for visual archive center in IRIB.The research method is a survey and data collection is carried out by using a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 156 manager MoreThe purpose of this research is to study the viewpoints of managers on mechanization management for visual archive center in IRIB.The research method is a survey and data collection is carried out by using a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 156 managers of the central archive in IRIB, from among whom 33 managers were selected. In order to analyze the data, Excel and SPSS software are used. According to the findings, managers could use 36.3% speed for data retrieval, 22.1% easily searching pictures,21.1% high precision and 20.5% high quality pictures. Presentation of related services and informatics together with safety and maintenance of optimal sources will be available through development of digital archive mechanization. 80.6% of managers are not familiar with digital archive and 93.5% of managers haven’t passed training for mechanization system of central digital archive of IRIB. These results indicate that users don’t have enough knowledge about digital archive technology and they are required to pass training courses to work with mechanization system of central digital archive. Managers believe that there shall be chosen a software with ability to handle all tasks related to archive. Accordingly, 27.6% of mangers had announced the comfort to use digital system, 13.8% of managers explained the possibility to use organization’s other sources and 22.4% of managers also mentioned adaptation to current hardware in digital archive as well as adaptation to telecommunication network of the organization. Results indicate that managers have welcomed the exploitation of mechanization system for visual archive, but it is reminded that they need necessary training about digital archive to work with archive mechanization system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - بررسی رابطه رسانههای دیداری و سبک زندگی ( مورد مطالعه: جوانان شهراهواز)
محمود یعقوبی دوست بهروز شاهون وند غلامرضا جولا عزیزعلی مرادیسبکهای زندگی نقش مهمّی در خلق هویّت فردی و جمعی دارد و قادرند الگوهای رفتاری افراد در دنیای جدید را شکل دهند. در این میان رسانه های جمعی سهم عمده ای بر سبک های زندگی و الگوهای زندگی روزانه جامعه داشته و به شدّت تأثیرگذاربوده و افراد تحت تأثیر رسانه ها به سلایق و ارزش ه Moreسبکهای زندگی نقش مهمّی در خلق هویّت فردی و جمعی دارد و قادرند الگوهای رفتاری افراد در دنیای جدید را شکل دهند. در این میان رسانه های جمعی سهم عمده ای بر سبک های زندگی و الگوهای زندگی روزانه جامعه داشته و به شدّت تأثیرگذاربوده و افراد تحت تأثیر رسانه ها به سلایق و ارزش های خود شکل می-دهند. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی رابطه میزان استفاده از رسانه های دیداری و سبک زندگی جوانان شهر اهواز میباشد. روش تحقیق، پیمایشی و جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر شامل کلیه جوانان شهر اهواز بوده که براساس فرمول کوکران و به شیوه نمونه گیری خوشهای چند مرحلهای تعداد 384 نفر انتخاب شدهاند. برای سنجش از پرسشنامههای محقق ساخته استفاده شد. برای تجزیه وتحلیل دادهها از شاخصهای آماری درصد، میانگین، انحراف استاندارد، همبستگی پیرسون، تحلیل رگرسیون چند متغیره استفاده شد. یافته ها بیانگرآن است که بین رسانه های دیداری و ابعاد سبک زندگی(فعالیتهای فراغتی، رفتار انحرافی و انتخاب پوشش و آرایش جوانان) رابطه معنادار وجود دارد، اما بین رسانه های دیداری و بعد خرید لوازم و سبک تزیین منزل و تغییر معیار ازدواج جوانان رابطه معنادار مشاهده نگردید. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی چند متغیره گام به گام نشان می دهد که متغیر شبکه های ماهوارهای، بیشترین تأثیر را درتبیین سبک زندگی جوانان شهر اهواز داشته است. در مجموع متغیرهای مستقل توانستهاند، 25/38 درصد تغییرات متغیرسبک زندگی را تبیین نمایند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Measuring the Relationship between Cultural Capital and Social Trust (Case Study: Citizens of Zanjan City)
Abolfazl Karami Mohmmad Sadegh Mahdavi Mostafa Azkia -
Open Access Article
117 - Providing a Crime Prevention Model in Tehran's 5th District in Iran based on the CPTED Approach
Mohammadreza Fardin sirous shafaghi hasan beykmohamadi zohreh rajabiUrban design plays an important role in creating the security or insecurity of urban living space. Cities that have not been found to have the correct design principles may have crime rates over other cities. In addition, environmental factors can increase the chance of MoreUrban design plays an important role in creating the security or insecurity of urban living space. Cities that have not been found to have the correct design principles may have crime rates over other cities. In addition, environmental factors can increase the chance of committing a crime for criminals. In this study, the physical and environmental factors influencing crime commitment in the 5th district of Tehran were studied. Thus, by identifying and analyzing the environmental factors affecting the security of the region 5 of Tehran through field surveys (based on the CPTED approach), solutions were introduced that would have a significant effect on the security and control of the area. The CPTED approach is a design approach based on which the design of the appropriate and targeted design of the human environment is made, designers can reduce the opportunity for crime and crime and improve the quality of life. For this purpose, the Garden of Fayez neighborhood located in this area was selected as sample and spatial analysis was carried out on it. Old and traditional texture, inappropriate scale and building height, poor visual quality (improper use of color, light and design), are some of the most important physical and environmental factors in Tehran's 5th District, which can be criminal behavior Increase in this area. Analysis of the research showed that in addition to the various difficulties and bottlenecks in the city, the study area is due to some special social, economic and cultural conditions suitable for anti-social activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Comparison of different methods with common method of producing land use/cover maps of natural resources studies (Case Study, Ghoshchi watershed, Urmia)
ardavan ghorbani Azad Kakehmami Mahmood Mohamad hasanpoor Farnoosh Aslami sahar ghafari Arash Raufi masolePrivate companies as consulting engineers play important role to the study of natural resources. Land use map is one of the information generated in the studies by the consulting engineer that the accuracy of this information is effective on the final results, expenditu MorePrivate companies as consulting engineers play important role to the study of natural resources. Land use map is one of the information generated in the studies by the consulting engineer that the accuracy of this information is effective on the final results, expenditures spending on the natural resources and future projects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of the visual interpretation of images from Google Earth (GE) in comparison with the map, which was produced by consulting engineers and object-based interpretation of Landsat images as a new and low-cost method for land use /cover mapping in the natural resources studies of Iran. For this purpose, the land use/cover map provided by consulting engineers (2007) was compared with land use maps, which was produced using object-based method of TM Image (2007) with eCognition software and GE images (visual interpretation) with ArcGIS software (2009) in terms of accuracy assessment results. Overall accuracy and Kappa of the land use/cover maps using GE images were 0.99 % and 0.99, and Overall accuracy and Kappa of consultant engineers and object-based method based on Landsat image were calculated 59% and 0.32, and 89% and 86%, respectively. Result of the study demonstrated the high capability of the GE images in land use/cover mapping. Overall, the map generated from the GE image has higher accuracy in comparison with the other two maps, and the map produced by the consultant engineers with the low Kappa coefficient was unacceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Comparison of three visual, object-based, and supervised classification methods of land use/cover mapping in Mollah-Ahmad Watershed, Ardabil
Azad Kakehmami Ardavan GhorbaniDue to the growing population and consequently the degradation and uncontrolled use of land, awareness of the state of the land and its use is necessary. In this study, the main purpose was land use /cover mapping of the Mollah Ahmad Watershed. Two types of Google Earth MoreDue to the growing population and consequently the degradation and uncontrolled use of land, awareness of the state of the land and its use is necessary. In this study, the main purpose was land use /cover mapping of the Mollah Ahmad Watershed. Two types of Google Earth images (Quickbird images, 2013) and Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor of Landsat 8 image (2014) with three methods of visual interpretation (Google Earth images), object-based classification (Google Earth images), and supervised classification (Landsat 8) were used. In order to evaluate the land use /cover map produced from the methods, 51 points were selected as control points for the accuracy assessment. The results showed that the overall accuracy of the map generated from visual interpretation, object-based classification, and supervised classification were 100, 90, and 72 percent, respectively and their kappa coefficients were 1, 0.85 and 0.6, respectively, which the high accuracy of the maps generated from two methods of visual and object-based interpretation. The method of interpreting the visually using the high-resolution images (Quickbird with 0.65 to 2.9 m resolutions) of Google Earth is the most accurate method; however, the object-based classification method due to its low cost in terms of time in large environment has relatively acceptable accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Land use mapping of Kaftareh Watershed of Ardabil using visual and digital processing of ETM+ image
ardavan ghorbani farnoosh aslami saeed ahmadabadi sahar ghaffariAbstract The availability of land use information permits decision-makers to develop plans in short to long-term period for the conservation, sustainable use and development of natural resources and watersheds. In this study, ETM+ image (2006), GPS and GIS were used fo MoreAbstract The availability of land use information permits decision-makers to develop plans in short to long-term period for the conservation, sustainable use and development of natural resources and watersheds. In this study, ETM+ image (2006), GPS and GIS were used for image interpretation, field data collection and land use mapping. Preprocessing and required correction have conducted. Initially, field visit have been conducted and different land uses have been defined. In the second step, image was visually interpreted and then training area has selected and using the maximum likelihood algorithm image was classified. According to the lack of the capability for detecting river beds and residential areas in digital image processing, integration of visual and digital interpretation (supervised classification) and object-based image analysis were used. Results show that, in visual interpretation, there is almost no capability to discriminate rangeland from dry farming land uses; however garden, residential areas and riverbeds are discriminated. Results of supervised classification show that there are problems to detect and discriminate different land uses; however, by integration of digital and visual interpretation, it is possible to use Landsat data to discriminate different land uses in the areas such as Kaftareh watersheds and Arshagh region of Ardabil province. The results of the evaluation of object-based classification accuracy showed the highest overall accuracy, because the method parameters such as scale, shape, tone and texture, in addition to using pixel values were used in classification, hence with appropriate segment creation, there is the possibility of precise discrimination of land uses such as residential areas from dryland farming. In the future studies, according to the importance of land use map in the studies such as natural resources, watershed managements and agriculture, it is better to use high spatial imagery and object-based methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Visual assessment of environment and landscape of Mellat Park in Zahedan based on public preferences approach
Khodarahm Bazzi Moahmadali MirshekariAmong senses that humans interact with their surrounding is the sense of sight that has the greatest role in enjoying natural environment. The natural environment has a condition that gives calm to the eye of each viewer. For satisfaction of citizens, it is necessary th MoreAmong senses that humans interact with their surrounding is the sense of sight that has the greatest role in enjoying natural environment. The natural environment has a condition that gives calm to the eye of each viewer. For satisfaction of citizens, it is necessary that urban managers consider visual elements in the design of parks. Zahedan as an emerging metropolitan in the South East area, has numerous parks, Mellat Park of Zahedan that is situated on the road of Zahedan to Khash can have a function in the region. However, this park suffered from serious damage in the terms of aesthetic. This study for determining these damages examined two hypotheses: 1. visitors of Zahedan Mellat Park regarding public preferences, preferred area of designed spaces to other areas. 2. Different age groups in the Mellat Park have different evaluations for visual landscape. This paper is based on public preferences using a classification model quality (Q-Sort) visual assessment of the present situation in the parks based on the tastes of the citizens. According to this model, with regard to the types of landscape existing park space is divided into different area: 1- Area of designed spaces, 2- Area of games and 3- Area of with natural covering. The 495 photos were taken at two different times of the area and with regard to the objectives of the study and a total of 24 images for each area were elected. The images, according to the preferences, were ranked in five categories (very nice picture, nice, ordinary, ugly and too ugly). The results show preferences respectively from the most to the least important priorities: area designed spaces 40%, natural area cover 38% and of the area games 22% with the preferences of visitors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Rainbow of Translation: A semiotic approach to intercultural transfer of colors in children's picture books
Firoozeh Mohammadi Hassanabadi Asghar Javani -
Open Access Article
123 - Visual Elements Used in Iran EFL High School Textbooks
Laleh Moghtadi -
Open Access Article
124 - Training Language Teachers: An educational semiotic model
Firoozeh Mohammadi Hassanabadi -
Open Access Article
125 - Effects of Yoga, Visualization, and Rosetta Stone Software on English Achievement of Iranian Senior Citizen EFL Learners
Fereshteh Toghyani Omid Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
126 - Implications of News Segments and Movies for Enhancing Listening Comprehension of Language Learners
Taher Bahrani -
Open Access Article
127 - Audiovisual Programs As Sources Of Language Input: An Overview
Taher Bahrani -
Open Access Article
128 - Analysis of Translation Strategies Employed in Awards-winning Subtitled Dramas
Behnam Rezvani Sichani Muhammad Amiryousefi Zahra Amirian -
Open Access Article
129 - Recognizing Stalactites and Stalagmites of ELT Vodcasting in Teacher Education Based on Activity Theory and Visual Thinking Strategies
Pantea Hashtroodi Massood Yazdani Moghaddam Mohammad Khatib -
Open Access Article
130 - Investigating the impact of information display formats, visual illusion and emotions in decision making
mansour garkaz mohamadreza tat mohamadreza abdolyDecision making is an important and vital part of accounting and auditing systems. Considerable attention has been drawn to the variables affecting people's decisions. These variables are in a spectrum from physiological variables to psychological variables. Therefore, MoreDecision making is an important and vital part of accounting and auditing systems. Considerable attention has been drawn to the variables affecting people's decisions. These variables are in a spectrum from physiological variables to psychological variables. Therefore, in this research, the effect of information display format and visual illusion, as well as the effect of different emotions on people's decision-making behavior, were investigated. This research is descriptive and semi-experimental. The method of data analysis is analysis of variance and its statistical population is graduate students in the field of accounting. The results of this study show that different formats of information display are effective in people's decision-making behavior, the information presented in the form of a table, leaving aside the presence or absence of location problems that belong to the readers of financial information, leads to They make more accurate decisions. Also, the financial information displayed in the form of 3D graphics without grid lines creates a visual illusion and leads to bias in the decision of financial information readers. Also, the findings of this research show that the decision-making of students who had normal feelings was less opportunistic than students who had unusual feelings (happy/sad). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Effective Visual Saliency Detection Method Using Reduced Color and Texture Features
Masoud khazaee Fadafen Naser Mehrshad Seyyed Mohammad RazaviIn this study, an effective and efficient algorithm for detection a saliency map is presented based on the modeling of the rapid response of the human visual system to changes in the intensity, texture and color. Some cases such as inspiration from performance of human MoreIn this study, an effective and efficient algorithm for detection a saliency map is presented based on the modeling of the rapid response of the human visual system to changes in the intensity, texture and color. Some cases such as inspiration from performance of human visual system, requiring no training, reduce number of image colors, reduce color channels and Proper use of the least texture information in this algorithm have increased its efficiency. In the proposed method in the first step , Due to sensitivity of the human visual system to higher contrast signals, only higher contrast channel has been used to extract the color saliency map, Then the intensity saliency map as well as the texture saliency map are extracted using the intensity component in lab color space using Simple cell computational model of the visual cortex and finally, with the perfect combination of the saliency maps of the color, the intensity, and the texture, object saliency map is obtained. The proposed method and existing methods have been tested on MSRA10K and ECSSD databases. The results of the implementations show that the proposed hybrid algorithm for the detection saliency map using the dominant color and texture features, On the ECSSD database, the mean absolute error, F-measure score and the area under the ROC curve are 0.173, 0.789 and 0.891, respectively, and on the MSRA10K database are 0.178, 0.790 and 0.919, respectively, compared to other models, it indicates better performance of the proposed method than other methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Robust Identification Based on Extracted Features With Visual Ventral Stream
Zohreh Yaghoubi Morteza Eliasi Ardalan EliasiBiometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatic identification, with a high confidence coefficient. A multi modal biometric system consolidates the evidence presented by multiple biometric sources and typically provides better r MoreBiometrics based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatic identification, with a high confidence coefficient. A multi modal biometric system consolidates the evidence presented by multiple biometric sources and typically provides better recognition performance compared to systems based on a single biometric modality. So in this paper we use combination of Face, Palm print and Ear characteristic to individual’s authentication. In our approach, features extracted using HMAX model are translation and scale-invariant. Then we applied Support vector machine and K-nearest neighbor classifiers to distinguish the classes. In fusion stage we use matching-score level. Experimental results showed 96% accuracy rate on ORL Face database and 96/6% accuracy rate on POLYU Palm print database and 97% accuracy rate on USTB Ear database; however we achieve 100% accuracy rate on Face, Palm print and Ear multi modal biometric. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Analysis of the aesthetic component in urban landscape design emphasizing the quality of high rise buildings (Case Study: ELGOLI Boulevard axis of Tabriz City- From the Entrance of the ELGOLI road to the intersection of Kasai Highway)
saeedeh feızı lachın pahlavanThis research investigates the role of aesthetics in improving the quality of urban landscape with the aim of evaluating the 45-meter-wide El-Goli boulevard with emphasis on the high-rise items through the parameters and indices extracted from the research based on theo MoreThis research investigates the role of aesthetics in improving the quality of urban landscape with the aim of evaluating the 45-meter-wide El-Goli boulevard with emphasis on the high-rise items through the parameters and indices extracted from the research based on theories of scholars of experts and authors. The research method is mainly descriptive, analytical, and field. The required information of the present research collected through the various sources as comparative-analytical using library resources, documents, records and reports and the remaining part collected by visiting governmental organizations including municipality-district 2, Organization of green space and parks. Based on field studies, data including Panoramic photography and objective observations from both two sides of the El-Goli Blvd. in four sequences collected. The statistical society compromises 500 people in four groups consisting of experts and administrators of this field, professors and students of architecture of Tabriz University and citizens (including tradespeople, residents and passers-by), domestic and foreign tourists.The logic of sampling for selection the study area and statistical society are targeted and randomly respectively. Data analysis is carried by SPSS software. One-way variance test was used among the four groups of studies to compare the dimensions of the visual quality for the urban landscape of high-rise buildings in 45 meter El-Goli boulevard. The results of the study indicate non-satisfaction of the citizens, experts, managers and experts regarding the urban visual quality of high-rise buildings on 45-meter-wide El-Goli Blvd. which requires improvement and co-ordination among all the groups participated in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - The Impact of Gestalt Visual Principles on Consumer Perception in Digital Marketing
Bahman Narouei Hossein Hakimpour Mehdi Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh Vashan Mohammad MohammadiAbstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consi MoreAbstract: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Gestalt visual principles on consumer perception in digital marketing. The research employed a descriptive survey method and had an applied purpose. It was conducted in 1402. The statistical population consisted of customers of the digital marketing department of Choob Sang industrial furniture manufacturing company. The sample size was 384, selected through simple random sampling based on Morgan's table. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, and analysis was performed using SmartPls4 and SPSS software at descriptive and inferential levels.The findings of this research indicate that the gestalt of the digital marketing platform is effective in shaping consumers' visual perception through principles such as similarity, proximity, integration, continuity, appropriateness of role, and context. This effectiveness extends to all three components of the perception process: exposure, attention, and meaning creation, with meaning creation being the most influential component. The results suggest that incorporating Gestalt principles in design can optimize the digital marketing platform and enhance the effectiveness of visual elements in audience perception. This can be achieved by organizing visual content, creating graphic unity on pages, simplifying customer journey steps, increasing interaction, and ultimately improving consumer perception, visual ability, decision-making, and conversion rates in digital marketing. keywords: Gestalt, advertising effectiveness, consumer perception, digital marketing, visual perception Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Providing of customer attraction model in digital marketing based on visual stimuli with a classical Grounded Theory (GT) Approach
Bahman Narouei Hossein Hakimpour Mehdi Mehdi Mahmoodzadeh Vashan Mohammad MohammadiConsumers' desire to check products is one of the challenges facing leading companies in digital marketing that they are trying to solve. Visual features in the presentation of products are the most apparent leverage in this direction. Therefore, this qualitative study MoreConsumers' desire to check products is one of the challenges facing leading companies in digital marketing that they are trying to solve. Visual features in the presentation of products are the most apparent leverage in this direction. Therefore, this qualitative study was conducted to determine which components and factors most effectively attract customers in digital marketing through visual stimuli.methodology: A Glaserian or Emergent approach methodology in grounded theory was employed to achieve the objectives. Data collected from 14 experts, concepts, and components in the interview were extracted until theoretical saturation was reached. A purposeful sampling method was used to select these experts.findings: Using MAXQDA software to analyze the fundamental and theoretical coding process, 465 open codes, 53 sub-components, and 15 principal components were identified in 6 categories. Based on the concepts conclusion: extracted from this study, the final model was developed around the central phenomenon of visual stimuli in digital marketing. According to the classical approach, these six cases are known as Glazer's 6 Cs. This study aimed to identify novel angles on how visual stimuli can be used in digital marketing. Moreover, it introduced a model of customer attraction based on visual stimuli in digital marketing. He has also filled in some gaps regarding the subject. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - The Effect of Visual Organizers on the Learning and Retention of Student's Health Knowledge
Roghaye Fathi Hossein MehdizadehThe research in the form of a quasi –experimental design with the aim of education impact was done by using visual organizer techniques on leaning and retention of student's health knowledge in 2013. The statistical population of the study included all fifth grade MoreThe research in the form of a quasi –experimental design with the aim of education impact was done by using visual organizer techniques on leaning and retention of student's health knowledge in 2013. The statistical population of the study included all fifth grade students of Ilam city. Sampling method was based on the aim and data gathering tool was teacher's made questionnaire. According to the nature of quasi – experimental designs, the students of seven classes were selected and they were randomly exposed to the seven visual organizers including sibling group, vocabulary network, category network, matrix groups, simple concept maps, conceptual maps, chain alternative sequence and trained on individual and public health during ten session. By using questionnaire the level of student’s heath in the statistics groups was measured in three stages including before intervention (pretest), immediately after completing the course (after the first test), two weeks after the completion of the program without prior notice. The results of one-way variance showed the significant difference among learning (the first pre-test and posttest difference) and group’s retention and showed the superiority of network methods, simple concept maps, family groups and group matrix. Covariance analysis results estimated the 8% of the education method effect on learning. Therefore, based on the results of the study, the impact of the visual organizers is positive and acceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - The Study of Audio-Visual Courses Status in the Students of Library and Information Studies Major
Marjan Kian Mahdieh Chitsaz Nosrat RiahiniaThe purpose of the present research is to study the status of audio-visual courses in library and information studies major (LIS) at undergraduate level. The research method is a descriptive survey one. The statistical population (155 people) included all LIS undergradu MoreThe purpose of the present research is to study the status of audio-visual courses in library and information studies major (LIS) at undergraduate level. The research method is a descriptive survey one. The statistical population (155 people) included all LIS undergraduate students in Kharazmi University in 2010-11 who passed this course. Based on Morgan table, 110 students were selected as the sample through random sampling method. The instrument was researcher made questionnaire including a set of 26 items. Its validity was confirmed by the experts and its reliability estimated 0/84 through Chronbach Alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential (one sample t test) statistics through SPSS software version 15. The findings showed that the amount of student's familiarity and knowledge toward different audio-visual materials was different so that some students did not know such materials. To them, if such courses are presented or taught practically would be more beneficial than theoretically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - بررسی اثربخشی ترکیب اطلاعات ،ایجاد استنتاج، وتصویرسازی بر پیشرفت زبان تخصصی دانشجویان کارشناسی حسابداری
سمیه شیخ پور آهن دانی رامین رحیمیاین تحقیق به بررسی اثربخشی ترکیب اطلاعات ،ایجاد استنتاج، وتصویرسازی بر پیشرفت زبان تخصصی دانشجویان کارشناسی حسابداری پرداخته است. 90 دانشجوی رشته حسابداری در ایران در این تحقیق مشارکت داشتند که به 3 گروه همگون شامل، 30 نفردر گروه آزمایشی(A)، 30 نفردر گروه مقایسه (B) و 3 Moreاین تحقیق به بررسی اثربخشی ترکیب اطلاعات ،ایجاد استنتاج، وتصویرسازی بر پیشرفت زبان تخصصی دانشجویان کارشناسی حسابداری پرداخته است. 90 دانشجوی رشته حسابداری در ایران در این تحقیق مشارکت داشتند که به 3 گروه همگون شامل، 30 نفردر گروه آزمایشی(A)، 30 نفردر گروه مقایسه (B) و 30 نفردر گروه مقایسه (C) بر اساس تست QPT تقسیم شدند. پیش آزمون به عمل آمده نشان داد که 3 گروه تفاوت چشمگیری در درک مطلب متون تخصصی نداشتند. درگروه آزمایشی(A) متون تخصصی با کمک روش ترکیب اطلاعات، در گروه مقایسه (B) به کمک ایجاد استنتاج ودر در گروه مقایسه (C) به کمک تصویرسازی تدرس شد. در پایان پس آزمون به عمل آمد ونتیجه بدست آمده نشان داد که هر سه استراتژی در ارتقا سطح درک مطلب متون تخصصی تاثیر داشتند ولی ترکیب اطلاعات تاثیر بیشترو تصویرسازی کمترین تاثیر را داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Rethinking of Synomorphy Theory in the Art of Street Music (Case study: Urban Sidewalk in Tehran )
Sahar Toofan Yasaman Sadat Mostatab Elham MousapourOne of the effective factors in creating the visual-auditory landscape of cities is the interaction between the city, the citizen and street music that is formed in an urban sidewalk. In the current study, which has been prepared by descriptive-analytical method based o MoreOne of the effective factors in creating the visual-auditory landscape of cities is the interaction between the city, the citizen and street music that is formed in an urban sidewalk. In the current study, which has been prepared by descriptive-analytical method based on "Synomorphy theory", the authors study the art of street music on the sidewalks of Tehran with the aim of knowing why and how this type of visual-auditory landscape is formed. For this purpose, by attending the field of research and observing the behavior of people active in this field of art, they analyzed issues such as time and place of establishment, scope definition, position selection, type of music and instruments used, and identity of artists. The findings showed that the behavior and reaction of citizens in the face of street music under the influence of Synomorphic links was manifested in the three forms of "encouragement"; "compatible" and "neutral"; In such a way that positive behaviors with the effect of continuing this activity in a suitable context and stabilizing the position of street music have improved the quality of visual-auditory landscape in the city and increases social interactions between people and the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - رابطه کیفیت گوشت سینه جوجههای گوشتی و برخی پارامترهای خونی: مفاهیم رنگهای متفاوت پوششها و تماس بصری انسان
ا. درلی فیداناهداف این پژوهش برآورد ارتباط فنوتیپی میان صفات متنوع کیفی گوشت سینه، پارامترهای خونی و بیحرکتی صوتی از یک جوجه گوشتی و برای توضیح ارتباط میان این متغییرها بودند. جوجههای گوشتی به گروههای متفاوتی تقسیم شدند: (1) گروههای پوشش رنگی ارائه دهنده 4 رنگ متفاوت قرمز، آبی، Moreاهداف این پژوهش برآورد ارتباط فنوتیپی میان صفات متنوع کیفی گوشت سینه، پارامترهای خونی و بیحرکتی صوتی از یک جوجه گوشتی و برای توضیح ارتباط میان این متغییرها بودند. جوجههای گوشتی به گروههای متفاوتی تقسیم شدند: (1) گروههای پوشش رنگی ارائه دهنده 4 رنگ متفاوت قرمز، آبی، سبز و خاکستری و (2) جوجههایی که تحت نظر تماس بصری انسان برای 60 تا 300 ثانیه قرار گرفتند. مجموعهای از 192 جوجه، یکروزه، به طور تصادفی به 8 گروه تیمار براساس پوشش رنگی و تماس بصری انسانی اختصاص یافتند. وزنهای هچشدگی برای گروههای رنگی پوشش قرمز، آبی، سبز و خاکستری 10/47، 35/48، 67/46 و 05/47 گرم بودند، و برای گروههای 60 تا 300 ثانیه تماس بصری انسانی 34/47 و 24/47 گرم، به ترتیب تعیین شدند. کاهش پخت یک ارتباط معنیدار منفی با pH در 15 دقیقه بعد از کشتار (pH15) در گروه پوشش قرمز داشت. ظرفیت نگهداری آب یک همبستگی منفی (355/0 r=و 489/0-) با pH در 24 ساعت پس از کشتار (pHu) در گروههای 60 و 300 ثانیه به ترتیب داشت. سطح پروتئین کلی درجه بالا و همبستگی مثبتی (675/0r=) با سطح کلسترول در گروه پوشش قرمز داشت. طول بیحرکتی صوتی (TI) ارتباط معنیداری با القا TI در گروه پوشش سبز داشت. ارزش رنگ a* گوشت سینه یک همبستگی متوسط معنیدار منفی با متغییرهای ارزش L* گوشت سینه (574/0- (01/0P<) و 373/0- (05/0P<)، به ترتیب) در پوشش خاکستری و گروه تماس بصری 300 ثانیهای نشان داد. این یافتهها تأثیرات زیادی روی استفاده از پوشش رنگی خاکستری و تماس بصری 300 ثانیهای برای بهبود کیفیت گوشت برای رفاه در جوجههای گوشتی دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Explanation of the effective criteria on the visual clutters in the perception process
Mercedeh Tahmasbifard Farah Habib Zahra Sadat Saeideh ZarabadiOne of the most important urban issues and concerns today is the disarray and inconsistency of urban facades. This disarray of urban facades has led to the visual clutter of today's cities on a macro level. Since visual clutter is created as a result of a disturbance in MoreOne of the most important urban issues and concerns today is the disarray and inconsistency of urban facades. This disarray of urban facades has led to the visual clutter of today's cities on a macro level. Since visual clutter is created as a result of a disturbance in perception, explaining the effective criteria for visual clutter in the process of perception can be a way to solve this problem. With this aim, this research, based on studies of perceptual theories, has investigated the effective criteria for creating visual clutter in the perceptual process, and the path of the perceptual process that leads to visual clutter or relaxation has been determined. Then, the impact of the criteria was measured through a questionnaire and based on the Likert scale, and the effective criteria on visual clutter were ranked through SPSS software and using Friedman's test to determine their importance. The findings of the research show that the lack of coordination and connection of components, lack of readability, and increase of data are the most important, and new and unfamiliar data are the least important in creating visual clutter in the perception process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Examining the pictorial schemas of envy and longing in Bostan Saadi
Mastureh Dadvarkashani Sayyed Hamed Mousavi jervekaniAfter presenting theoretical discussions about image schemas - which is proposed in the field of cognitive semantics - the present research seeks to find the answer to this basic question; namely, what shceme image Saadi has employed in explaining the two categories of MoreAfter presenting theoretical discussions about image schemas - which is proposed in the field of cognitive semantics - the present research seeks to find the answer to this basic question; namely, what shceme image Saadi has employed in explaining the two categories of envoy and longing and secondly, what is his purpose of using image schemas for these two moral vices? The result of the present study showed that the Sheikh of Shiraz used these two morally objectionable adjectives in his Bostan under the volumetric and non-volumetric schemas and sometimes a combination of schemas. Based on this analysis, the unpleasant character of envy causes many negative effects for the envious person, one of which is longing. For this very reason, these two categories have been emphasized in the present research. The results of the research show that Saadi used two schemes of power and volume for envy. However, envy has a volume pattern everywhere in the Bostan. By studying the statistical graphs of this article, it appears that the frequency of schemas of longing is higher than that of envy. Therefore, Saadi instead of paying attention to the powe of envy, concentretes on its result; namely, longing. Eventually, a person should avoid envy so as not to be caught by its results. In other words, Saadi explains the necessity of avoiding envy by stating its inevitable results. It should be mentioned that no research has been done with this particular approach regarding the Bostan. Finally, the research method is analytical-descriptive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - A Novel Method for Content Base Image Retrieval Using Combination of Local and Global Features
Elham Heidari Sajjad Tavassoli -
Open Access Article
144 - An Efficient Model for Lip-reading in Persian Language Based on Visual Word and Fast Furrier Transform Combined with Neural Network
Khadijeh Mirzaei Talarposhti Mehrzad Khaki Jamei -
Open Access Article
145 - Image Denoising based on Visual Patterns
Amir Ali Tahmouresi Saeid Saryazdi -
Open Access Article
146 - The Impact of Visual Media in Promoting Rural Consumption (Case Study: Rural District of Tabadakan, Mashhad County)
H. Sojasi Ghidari H. Mahmoodi A. DavarzaniMass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of oth MoreMass media has a very important role in shaping the values and attitudes and willingness of people to consume in contemporary society. Changes in the level of consumerism in society are different from each other that seems to be more severe in the rural community of other human communities. The present study examined the influence of visual media on the consumer's rural society. This research was applied in nature and descriptive-analytic in method and was conducted in 10 villages in Tabadakan city of Mashhad. The number of participants was 210 heads of households and information extracted from the questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and GIS softwares and VIKOR model. The findings show that in the surveyed villages regarding the 6 Indicators, indicator hedonism consumerism in the study had the highest and the luxury had the lowest index. And in the selected villages, the village Khoshhava had the highest average and the village of Andrkh had the lowest average index of consumption. Also, with respect to the indicators consumerism and visual media, the highest correlation was seen in hedonism and individual protests and fashion had the second rank in correlation. According to the results of the rating analysis of the VIKOR model, two villages khosh hava and Ali Abad had the most and two villages Andrkh and Frkhnd had the lowest consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - The evolution of historical houses of Tabriz metropolis from the perspective of Visual Perception (case example of houses in Qajar period of Tabriz)
Fatemeh Mohammadiyan ali azar asadolah shafizadeIntroduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these MoreIntroduction:.The Qajar period houses of Tabriz are considered to be the most beautiful historical houses of Tabriz. The aesthetics of these houses is not only formal and outward, but a mass of semantic and functional aesthetics is hidden behind the appearance of these houses. Research aim: Explanation and investigation of the influential components in the functional aesthetics of the historical houses of Tabriz in the Qajar periodMethodology: Descriptive-analytical method with qualitative method using interviews was used. In this research, there are two types of statistical population. 1- The houses of the Qajar period of Tabriz, which have been selected from among the 14 famous Qajar houses of Tabriz. 1- There are 135 professors and experts in the field of architecture and historical heritage of Tabriz, of which 16 were randomly selected. To analyze the house in relation to the aesthetics of the interpretive-historical method, and to interview in a semi-structured way with experts from the professors and experts of Tabriz in the fields related to the architecture of this house, the interviews were conducted using audio recorders. The voice of the respondents was coded using the "MaxQodia" qualitative data analysis software with the help of a computer.Studied Areas: The area under study is the city of TabrizResult: It is concluded that the aesthetic factors have been manifested in the context of the body and the function of harmony with local custom and culture, local materials and attention to the needs of all family members and flexibility, and the evolution of the historical houses of Tabriz in the direction of aesthetics (functional, functional) ) Is.Conclusion: The findings of the research showed that the aesthetics of Qajar houses is manifested in a functional, physical, formal, structural and functional-social way and in the relationship with nature. The most important manifestations of this period appear in the form of three styles and periods of purely performance (without paying attention to aesthetics), imitative aesthetics and aesthetics along with functional aesthetics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - تاثیر پوشش های بسته بندی و ترکیب گازی بر حفظ کیفیت پس از برداشت گل همیشه بهار
داود عطایی روح انگیز نادری مصباح بابالار محمد موسویگل همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L) به­ عنوان یکی از گل­ های رایج خوراکی نیز شناخته می­ شود. در این تحقیق بهبود ارزش غذایی و ماندگاری گل همیشه بهار با پوشش بسته­ بندی و ترکیب گازی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. گل همیشه بهار در بسته­ بندی­ های پلاستیک Moreگل همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L) به­ عنوان یکی از گل­ های رایج خوراکی نیز شناخته می­ شود. در این تحقیق بهبود ارزش غذایی و ماندگاری گل همیشه بهار با پوشش بسته­ بندی و ترکیب گازی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. گل همیشه بهار در بسته­ بندی­ های پلاستیکی ساخته شده از پلی ­اتیلن، پلی ­آمید و ترکیب این دو پوشش با ترکیب گاز (5 % اکسیژن+5 % دی اکسید کربن؛ 5 درصد اکسیژن+10 % دی اکسیدکربن؛ 5 % اکسیژن+20 % دی اکسید کربن) یا بدون ترکیب گاز همراه با شاهد (بدون بسته­ بندی) قرار داده شد. این بستهها به سردخانه در دمای 4 درجه سانتیگراد منتقل شدند و برای ارزیابی صفات مورد نظر در روزهای 0، 5، 10 و 15 نمونهبرداری انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش زمان نگهداری در تمامی تیمارها، میزان کاهش وزن، نشت یون و پوسیدگی افزایش یافت و محتوای نسبی آب، فنل کل، فلاونوئیدها و کاروتنوئیدها کاهش یافت. در عین حال استفاده از بسته ­بندی پلی ­اتیلن و پلی ­آمید همراه با ترکیب گازی باعث بهبود کیفیت ظاهری و تغذیه ­ای گل ها شد. در بین تمامی تیمارها، تیمار ترکیبی 5 %اکسیژن+10 % دی اکسیدکربن و پوشش پلی­ اتیلن + پلی­ آمید اثرات بهتری در حفظ کیفیت و افزایش ماندگاری گلهای همیشه بهار خوراکی داشت. در نتیجه با توجه به ارزش غذایی و دارویی گل همیشه بهار می ­توان از این تیمار به­ عنوان روشی موثر و ایمن برای افزایش ماندگاری و حفظ کیفیت ظاهری و ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی این گیاه استفاده کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Presenting the organizational image influence model with the human capital approach in Iran's tourism industry
Azadeh Felinia Davood Kia Kojouri Mohammad Javad TaghipourianThis article aims of presenting a model of imagery with the approach of human capital in the Iranian tourism industry is aimed at presenting a pattern of imagery. This research is a developmental and descriptive-non-comprehensive type of research. In the qualitative sec MoreThis article aims of presenting a model of imagery with the approach of human capital in the Iranian tourism industry is aimed at presenting a pattern of imagery. This research is a developmental and descriptive-non-comprehensive type of research. In the qualitative section, two library and field methods were used to collect data. In the first step, 25 internal and external sources were examined. The textual content analysis of these documents continued to saturation and finally 129 indicators were extracted using textual content analysis as effective factors. Using 15 academic experts in the tourism industry and with the Delphi qualitative technique, 47 were identified as the ultimate in the organizational imaging approach with the human capital approach and in 7 categories of economic, branding, brand quality, regional tourism potential, activities Advertising, job -focused visualization and macro management were incorporated. In the slightly section, with the aim of the ahead of the research; To respond to the exploratory factor analysis questionnaire, 440 experts of the tourism industry were selected as the study community and 205 questionnaires were distributed among the respondents using Cochran formula and then analyzed the research data using the Anp-Dematel technique done. The results showed that the "economic" criterion is the most influential criterion and is the top priority among the criteria. Also, the sub-criterion of "currency acquisition" was placed in the first priority among the sub-criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Plan to develop a model for the production of sensory tactile books
Marjan Nikbakht zahra Abazari Mohsen Haji Zeanolabedini Fahimeh BabalhavaejiObjective: To present a plan for developing a model for the production of tactile books (from the perspective of production experts and educators of blind and visually impaired 3- to 6-year-old children) Methodology: The present study is a combined application. In the q MoreObjective: To present a plan for developing a model for the production of tactile books (from the perspective of production experts and educators of blind and visually impaired 3- to 6-year-old children) Methodology: The present study is a combined application. In the quality section, the Delphi method has been used to obtain the consensus of experts in the production and publication of tactile books. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to aggregate the views of educational instructors in an analytical survey. The content validity coefficient of the questionnaire was higher than 0.99 and the content validity index was higher than 0.79. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.863. The statistical population includes all experts in the production and publication of tactile books, which includes 33 production experts, of which 21 experts were selected as members of the Delphi panel in the qualitative part of the research by available sampling. In the quantitative section, all 76 in-service instructors were selected from 23 educational centers in Iran that work in connection with tactile books. Results: In the Delphi method in three stages and despite the low Kendall coefficient in the third round (0.565), it was concluded that finally the survey process of production and publishing experts, Delphi panel in the third round with 37 items Stop the questionnaire. Comparison of production criteria of tactile sensory books from the perspective of educational instructors to determine their approval indicates that the technical criteria of production (72%), content criteria (74%), and presentation criteria (72%) It was approved and among them, experts and educators assigned the highest amount to the content criterion with values (74%). Finally, the criteria for the production and evaluation of tactile books from the perspective of educators were largely approved (72%). Conclusion: In order to understand the most important criteria for the production of textbooks from the perspective of production and publishing experts and educators, after analyzing the components and turning them into new factors, with the help of factor analysis Exploratory and relative chi-square index and fitting confirmatory factor were presented, and a model for the production of tactile sensory books was developed and proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Identifying the needs of visually impaired users in using library services: A qualitative study
Azam Najafqolinejad Zahra BabaeeObjective: This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the needs of the Visually Impaired in the Visually Impaired Department of the National Library and Archives of Iran.Methodology: The present study is qualitative that was conducted by content analysis met MoreObjective: This study was conducted with the aim of understanding the needs of the Visually Impaired in the Visually Impaired Department of the National Library and Archives of Iran.Methodology: The present study is qualitative that was conducted by content analysis method with inductive approach. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Sampling went so far as to saturate the data and no new data was extracted from the interviews. The interview was saturated with 10 visually impaired who had experience using the services of the visually impaired Department. 132 initial codes (2 main themes and 12 sub-themes) were extracted from the interviews. Guba and Lincoln criteria (Credibility, Dependability, Confirmability and Transferability) were used for data robustness and accuracy. Maxqda software version 20 was used for data analysis.Results: The analysis of the interviews about the participants' experience in using the services of the visually impaired Department of the National Library of Iran was summarized in two general themes: "Problems and Limitations" and "Suggestions for Improving the Services". The 7 sub-themes related to the “limitations and problems” reported by users with visually impaired were: paths and environmental guides, path insecurity, visually impaired independence, special tools for the visually impaired, facilities, environmental conditions of the visually impaired hall (librarian position and hall environmental conditions), and marketing services. People with visually impaired offered suggestions for improving the the services, which were in 5 sub-themes: education, resources, online services, strengthening special facilities, and strengthening voluntary facilities.Conclusion: The results showed that visually impaired have several problems and limitations in using the services of the visually impaired Department of the National Library and Archives of Iran. Considering that this library is the mother library in the country, it is better for the library staff to follow-up to remove the current restrictions and by continuously evaluating their information needs, redesigning and arranging facilities, reviewing signs and environmental guides, Special facilities, development programs, equipment procurement and marketing programs, take steps to improve the library services for the visually impaired. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Teachings of children's participation in biophilic neighborhood design through visual communication
Marzieh Zarei Rama Ghalambor DezfuliNowadays, it is better to include natural and biophilic urban elements in all areas of urban planning and design and construction. In the ideal case, biophilic urban planning in several scales at the same time (residential, neighborhood, urban) results in a complex set MoreNowadays, it is better to include natural and biophilic urban elements in all areas of urban planning and design and construction. In the ideal case, biophilic urban planning in several scales at the same time (residential, neighborhood, urban) results in a complex set of natural features and moves from the building and site to the living area, which in turn leads to the design urban biophilic is becoming widespread. This is while considering the spread of the corona virus and the need for children to use nature, who are city dwellers who need nature more than ever, and finding creative and effective ways to combine Nature and urban environments are very necessary. Researches conducted in the second half of the current century emphasize increasing human awareness of problems and believe that many of these problems originate from the lack of human contact with nature in childhood. It can be concluded that man and nature must have a very close relationship with each other. Therefore, this research aims to extract the indicators of biophilic urbanization through documentary studies and localize and implement these concepts in the design of the studied example (phase 8 of the campus). Tools, objective observations, questionnaire will be evaluated, then it will be used by examining urban design policies to design a child-friendly neighborhood with a biophilic approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Presenting a Model of the Urban Facade's Visual Pathology Process (Case Study: Pathological Process of Façade's Components on Visual Clutter)
Mercedeh Tahmasbifard Farah Habib Zahra Sadat Saeideh ZarabadiOne of the most important problems of urban planners today is the disorder and visual clutter of the urban landscape. Various factors effectively shape the city's image, one of the most important of which is the urban facades. One of the goals of creating a beautif MoreOne of the most important problems of urban planners today is the disorder and visual clutter of the urban landscape. Various factors effectively shape the city's image, one of the most important of which is the urban facades. One of the goals of creating a beautiful facade is that it will make the building more attractive and ultimately increase its visual weight and will have a better effect on the mood of the residents and visitors of the building. Dissatisfaction with the current state of facades has led to the efforts of city planners and architects to organize urban facades. One of the ways to help this issue is pathology and providing a model for visual pathology. For this reason, this research seeks to provide a model of the visual pathology process of the urban facade and to achieve this model, it has examined the pathology process of the facade components in creating visual clutter. Finally, this research presents a new pathologic method and process that can be used to examine single-facade and urban facade damage and prepare supporting documents in urban design and development, and provide a checklist to subordinate organizations to assess facade damage (specified codes). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Prediction of aquifer reaction to different hydrological and management scenarios using visual MODFLOW model-Case study of Qazvin plain
N Faghihi F Kave H Babazadeh -
Open Access Article
155 - Translation of Taboo Words in IRIB’s Persian Dubbed Movies
Mehdi Tima Roya Monsefi Abolfazl Ramazani Reza YalsharzehTranslating taboos presents an important challenge for the Iranian audio visual translators, and deleting them is the other censorial aspect regarding dominant social constraints. This research attempted to discover the prevailing strategies used in IRIB’s dubbed MoreTranslating taboos presents an important challenge for the Iranian audio visual translators, and deleting them is the other censorial aspect regarding dominant social constraints. This research attempted to discover the prevailing strategies used in IRIB’s dubbed movies. To this end, the original English movies were compared with their dubbed Persian counterparts based on Sharifi and Darchinian's (2009) conceptual model. All along data collection, relying on a definite set of taboos, the 41 examples in the selected sample of three American movies were found and documented. In the present descriptive study, corpus based research is applied. After classifying the cases based on the theoretical model, taboos had been classified based on their moral, ideological, political, and social nature. The “deletion” strategy is the highest applied strategy in the translation of taboos with the highest frequency (71%). The second general strategy is “taboo to non-taboo” which includes 17%, the third general strategy is “taboo to taboo” with 9%, and the least general strategy for handling taboos is “euphemism” which is 3%. The frequency of the taboos in each of the movies, as well as their frequency in the entire corpus, was measured and discussed. General results and discussion are drawn to suggest future studies on taboo as a social and ideological phenomenon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - The Impact of Visualization and Graphic Organizers on EFL Learners’ Cognitive, Emotional, and Behavioral Engagement and Listening
Leily Ganeh Badrabad Afsaneh Ghanizadeh -
Open Access Article
157 - An Analysis of Audiovisual Subtitling Translation Focusing on Wordplays from English into Persian in the Friends TV Series
Samira Afsari Elahe Abootorabi Seyed Nezamaddin Moeinzadeh -
Open Access Article
158 - Codification of Nonverbal Elements in Subtitled Texts: A Case Study of the Persian Subtitles of English Movies
Masoud Amandadi Elahe Abootorabi Masoud Sharififar -
Open Access Article
159 - The Effect of Using Visual Aids, Semantic Elaboration, and Visual Aids plus Semantic Elaboration on Iranian Learners' Vocabulary Learning
Saeideh Ahangari Maryam Amini Touran Ahour -
Open Access Article
160 - ترجمه و بومی سازی: بررسی بومی سازی بازی های کامپیوتری در نسخه های ترجمه فارسی
Neda Fatehi Rad Azar Bagheri Masoudzadeپژوهش حاضر به بررسی بومی سازی بازی های رایانه ای در نسخه های ترجمه فارسی پرداخته و همچنین استراتژی های به کار رفته توسط مترجمان ایرانی در بومی سازی بازی های رایانه ای را بررسی کرده است و همچنین ، کاستی های ترجمه را با توجه به بومی سازی نشان داده است. این تحقیق پنج بازی Moreپژوهش حاضر به بررسی بومی سازی بازی های رایانه ای در نسخه های ترجمه فارسی پرداخته و همچنین استراتژی های به کار رفته توسط مترجمان ایرانی در بومی سازی بازی های رایانه ای را بررسی کرده است و همچنین ، کاستی های ترجمه را با توجه به بومی سازی نشان داده است. این تحقیق پنج بازی کامپیوتری را مورد بررسی قرار داده است و داده های این پروژه بر اساس مدل Tomaszkiewicz جمع آوری و بررسی شدند. سپس داده ها توسط محقق جمع آوری شدند و با استفاده از نرم افزار اس پی اس اس پردازش شدند. داده های توصیفی شامل فراوانی، درصد، و میانگین بودند که توسط جداول و نمودارهای مربوطه نشان داده شده اند و سپس نمودار ها و جداول بطورکامل توسط محقق تفسیر و گزارش شده اند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که تفاوت بسیار برجسته ای بین فراوانی استراتژی ها وجود داشت. بعبارت دیگر، استراتژی ترجمه تحت الفظی بیشترین درصد فراوانی را به خود اختصاص داده است در حالیکه کمترین درصد فراوانی مربوط به استراتژی های "حذف" و "قرض گرفتن" بوده اند. با این وجود از استراتژی "جایگزین کردن اصطلاح فرهنگی با اصطلاح" اجتناب شده است از آنجایی که نمی تواند یک ترجمه طبیعی و قابل قبول را ارائه دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Meaning-Focused Audiovisual Feedback and EFL Writing Motivation
Maryam Tajallizadeh Khob Ali Rabi -
Open Access Article
162 - The Effect of the Orff Music on Improving Rhythm Structuring
Farahnaz Noor MohammadiThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the st MoreThis study examined the effectiveness of the Orff music on improving rhythm structure of girls between ages 6-11 in Tehran. 42 students were selected from music classes and were matched with the control group (n=42) by mental age using Colored Person Test. Before the start of music training classes and three months after, both groups were assigned to Stamback rhythm test which was composed of three parts: spontaneous rhythm speed, auditory rhythm reproduction, symbolization and visual reproduction of rhythm. The findings indicated: (1) Improvement of rhythm structure but no significant difference in speed reduction in spontaneous rhythm in the study group, (2) There were no significant difference in auditory reproductions between the two groups, (3) The enhancement of symbolization was revealed in the whole music group, but progress of rhythm structuring production was shown only in 10-11 year olds. In conclusion Orff music is only effective in improving rhythm rate and visual reproduction of rhythm in subjects aged 10-11. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Theory of Mind Development and its Relation to Social Skills in Children and Adolescence with Visual Impairment
Ali Mashhadi Mahbobeh Hashemi Juzdani Homeira Hashemi BorzabadiThis study investigated the theory of mind development and its relation to social skills in children and adolescence with Visual impairment. Study population consisted of all students with visual impairment in Mashhad city. Using purposeful sampling, 43 children in four MoreThis study investigated the theory of mind development and its relation to social skills in children and adolescence with Visual impairment. Study population consisted of all students with visual impairment in Mashhad city. Using purposeful sampling, 43 children in four age groups (4, 7, 10 and 13 years old) were selected. To measure the theory of mind, two Tasks of False Beliefs (Task of Belief Prediction, Perner, & Wimmer, 1987; Task of Action Prediction, Wimmer, & Perner, 1983) were used. To assess social skills and behavioral problems, Social Skills Scale (teacher form; Gresham, & Elliott, 1990) was used. Research data were analyzed using the Chi square test, Pearson correlation coeffcient and logistic regression analysis. Significant relationships were found between the performance of the Action Prediction Task and the overall scores of social skills, and between the performance of both tasks (the Action Prediction Task and the Belief Prediction Task) and the overall scores of behavioral problems. The results also showed that verbal IQ and age predicted the performance of the Action Prediction Task. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Visual Capacity versus Cognitive Process:Reducing Spelling Errors of Homophone Letters
Hamidreza Hassanabadi Neda Jesri Robabeh Noury GhasemabadiThe aim of this study was to compare task-process method with working memory method in reducing spelling errors of homophone letters caused by poor visual memory. Thirty male students in third grade of elementary school were trained 10 sessions of task-proce MoreThe aim of this study was to compare task-process method with working memory method in reducing spelling errors of homophone letters caused by poor visual memory. Thirty male students in third grade of elementary school were trained 10 sessions of task-process method and working memory method. The participants were selected from four elementary schools according to the teachers’ opinions, considering the previous dictations, and the administration of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale-IV. The participants randomly assigned into two experimental groups and control group. In order to assess the effect of training on visual memory, visual memory tests (Kim Karad & Bento, 1945) were used during training sessions. To study the changes, dictation test and memory tests were administered at the end of the fourth session. At the end, the final test and visual memory tests were administered. After twenty days, follow-up tests were administered. The results of repeated measures ANOVA indicated that the instructional methods of task-process and working memory improved visual memory and reduced spelling errors. The working memory method was more effective than the task-process method. The findings suggest that these two methods can be used in addition to other remedial methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - The Development of Children’s Visual Perception and Projection
Narges Ensanimehr Reza Pourhosein Masoud Gholamali LavasaniThe aim of this study was to investigate the Development of visual perception and projection in students. 129 students (60 boys, 69 girls) were selected from the second district of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397, using available sampling method. Participa MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the Development of visual perception and projection in students. 129 students (60 boys, 69 girls) were selected from the second district of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397, using available sampling method. Participants consisted of 44 preschoolers, 42 first-grade students, and 43 third grade students. The study design was causal-comparative and participants completed Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (Rey, 1941) and Tree Drawing Test (Koch, 1949). Then, Anova and Manova data analysis and Pierson correlation test were administered. The results indicated that children’s visual perception and projection develop with age and educational level. The results also showed that children with different ages differ in visual perception and projection and their performances improve as they grow older Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - An Automatic Model Combining Descriptors of Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix and HMAX Model for Adaptive Detection of Liver Disease in CT Images
Sanaz Bagheri Somayeh Saraf Esmaili -
Open Access Article
167 - Image Contrast Enhancement by using Histogram Clipping and 2-D Histogram
Mahdis Golabian Azar Mahmoodzadeh Hamed AgahiSeveral factors are affected images' contrast and eliminated details in images. Therefore, contrast enhancement is a critical process for any visual machine algorithms. To achieve this purpose, in this paper, a novel algorithm based on 2-D histogram and clipped his MoreSeveral factors are affected images' contrast and eliminated details in images. Therefore, contrast enhancement is a critical process for any visual machine algorithms. To achieve this purpose, in this paper, a novel algorithm based on 2-D histogram and clipped histogram is introduced. To improve the performance of the algorithm, the histogram is divided into three sub-histograms based on mean and standard deviation. For each sub-histogram image, clipped histogram is calculated, separately. The threshold for clipping of histogram is obtained based on median of 2-D histogram of image. Based on the pervious researches we know that the desired distribution for 2-D histogram is Gaussian distribution. Hence, we introduce a novel iterative algorithm for transforming the available histogram to desired histogram. On the other words, our method modifies image histogram to improve its contrast. Our proposed method is based on Skewness, where algorithm is attempted to minimize the absolute value of Skewness. The performance of the algorithm is compared by several algorithms based on different factors. Simulation results indicate the proposed algorithm has the best performance than other algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - The Effectiveness of Musical play on Anxiety and Depression in Elementary Secondary School Students with Visual Impairment
Seyede Shohre Taheri Mansure Shahriari Ahmadi Hasan PashasharifiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of musical games on anxiety and depression in students with visual impairment in the second grade of elementary school. The present study is a experimental study with a pretest, posttest design with a control gr MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of musical games on anxiety and depression in students with visual impairment in the second grade of elementary school. The present study is a experimental study with a pretest, posttest design with a control group. The statistical population includes 60 students with visual impairment aged 9 to 15 years (M = 11.74). Sampling by screening method with Spence Anxiety Questionnaire, CDI Depression Inventory and after matching based on age and type of visual impairment, 28 people were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 30 minutes of intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and statistical methods of analysis of covariance, independent t-test and paired t-test. The results of independent t-test showed that there was no difference between the groups in the baseline. Paired t-test results showed that there was a difference between pre-test and post-test of the experimental group.The results of analysis of covariance showed that in the experimental group there was a significant difference in the anxiety variable, but there was no significant difference in the depression variable. The final results showed that musical games can be a suitable method to affect the anxiety of children with visual impairment (P <0.0001). According to importance of play in children's lives, this method can empower and create a positive feeling, so planning to teach them ways to live happily is especially important . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - A Swarm-based Scheduling Algorithm for Lifetime Improvement of Visual Sensor Networks
Mir Gholamreza Mortazavi Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Arash Dana Mahmood FathyVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still im MoreVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still important challenges. The target coverage problem in such networks, in which all of the specified targets must be continuously observed and monitored by administrators is formulated as an integer linear programming problem (ILP) that is an NP-Hard problem. Although several approaches have been presented in the literature to solve the aforementioned problem, the majority of them suffer from getting stuck in the local trap and low exploration in search space. To address the issue, a discrete cuckoo-search optimization algorithm (DCSA) is extended to solve this combinatorial problem. The discrete operator of the proposed algorithm is designed in such a way that explore search space efficiently and lead to balancing in the local and global search process. The proposed algorithm was examined in different conducted scenarios. The returned results of simulations of numerous scenarios show the dominance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other existing approaches in terms of network lifetime maximization. In other words, the proposed DCSA has 19.75% and 13.75% improvement in terms of network average lifetime expansion against HMNLAR and GA-based approaches respectively in all scenarios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Visual disharmonies of the Ahvaz city image and its effect on social behavior of citizens
Mohammad Ali Razeghi Mehrdad Navabakhsh Hamid AnsariNowadays, visiual confusion and disharmonies is clearly visible in the face of Iran,s cities. Ahvaz, despite a long history, richoil resources, beautiful nature and development and flow of Karun River through the city is suffering from visual problems and disharmonies. MoreNowadays, visiual confusion and disharmonies is clearly visible in the face of Iran,s cities. Ahvaz, despite a long history, richoil resources, beautiful nature and development and flow of Karun River through the city is suffering from visual problems and disharmonies. In this study, we benifited from the views of experts such as Kevin Lynch, David Harvey, Jan Gehl as well as symbolic interaction theory and semiotics and urban landmarks in particular. Also in this study we tried to show some of the visual confusions using quantitative and qualitative research and applying the experts views in urban field to take some steps, although little, to get out of this problem. The population of this study were the people over 15 years in Ahvaz . in terms of quantitative, we used the questionnaire and in terms of qualitative,we interviewed some elites and well- informed in area. Then the software spss analysed the qualitative data and finally, after analyzing the data, we concluded that there is a significant relationship between visual disharmony and social behavior. Besides, the elite and well- informed also endorsed the point in which it was discussed in conclusions and recommendation chapter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - The Effect of the Performance of the Optical Shelf (External) in Creating a Comfortable Environment in Architectural Studios in Latitude 35
zohreh salahsoor Mahnaz Mahmoody ZarandiArchitecture students are in the studios for many hours during the day. Therefore, the use of natural light is important. If these lights exceed a certain limit, they cause disturbance, which is called glare, and one of the ways to solve it is to use a light shelf or a MoreArchitecture students are in the studios for many hours during the day. Therefore, the use of natural light is important. If these lights exceed a certain limit, they cause disturbance, which is called glare, and one of the ways to solve it is to use a light shelf or a light window. These shelves are implemented in different forms. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of the angle on the (external) shelves in the climate of Tehran. The research method of the article is practical and since the response to glare is done into two categories: dynamic and static. Used. In the simulation environment, a cube with dimensions of 8 x 6 is simulated with 30% windows in the south view, and the work surface is proportional to the height of the tables of 1 meter; The sky is considered to be at the solar surface. In this simulation, UDI, ASE, UDA, and DF have been implemented in four modes (without optical shelf; optical shelf with 180 degrees and 30 < X < 60 degrees (external, internal)). After the simulation, contrary to what we expected; It has been observed that the optical shelf performs better than the 180 degree optical shelf in two angled modes. The DF performs better when angled inward, and the UDI when angled outward receives close to 100 lux of natural light in bright mode. The SDA parameter is suitable in two angular modes. ASE, the annual light level in the maximum mode receives more than 60% of natural light, which is desirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Investigation of the relation between visual pollution and citizenry health in the city of Tehran (case study: municipality districts No.1 & 12 of Tehran)
Mojgan Zaeimdar forouzan Khalilnezhad sarab m rafati -
Open Access Article
173 - Investigating the role of origami algorithm in facades of high-rise buildings to reduce visual pollution and improve urban landscape quality
Tabassom Tabasi Amir Farajolahi Rod Vahid Ahmadi Hamid Reza Shoaei -
Open Access Article
174 - ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL QUALITY OF URBAN FACADES WITH AN EMPHASIS ON SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL CRITERIA (CASE STUDY: RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN VELENJAK NEIGHBORHOOD OF TEHRAN)
Neda Golzari Dehno Azadeh Shahcheraghi Farah HabibUrban ecology studies the city as an ecosystem consisting of humans and biophysical factors and how they interact in urban environments.Visual ecology also examines the environment around humans as an ecological factor and helps humans to feel pleasant and harmonize it MoreUrban ecology studies the city as an ecosystem consisting of humans and biophysical factors and how they interact in urban environments.Visual ecology also examines the environment around humans as an ecological factor and helps humans to feel pleasant and harmonize it with the physio logical mechanisms of vision. The aim of the present research is to identify the anatomical dimensions of facades and the impact of visual ecology criteria on improving the quality of residential facades in Tehran. The type of research method is descriptive and analytical and has a mixed approach. In the quantitative part of the QSORT classification method, information was obtained through field observations and questionnaire tools in the Likert spectrum, and the image quality diagram was drawn from the observer's point of view with SPSS software. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient with a rate of 0.785. In the qualitative analysis, the selected views were analyzed in the table based on the constituent elements and criteria of visual ecology and mechanisms of the visual system. The findings show that facades according to vision standards can form comfortable, uniform and aggressive visual environments, and as a result, based on Pie chart calculations, the frequency of visual quality of residential facades within the scope of the research is 65% comfortable, 15% uniform & 20% are aggressive. This article tries to provide solutions to improve the quality of citizens' visual vision through the analysis of desirable visual criteria in the facade of the building. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - The study of symbolic imagery of Farr (In connection with the images in Shahnameh)
Fatemeh Mahvan Mohammad Jafar Yahaghi Farzad GhaemiMotifs used in Shahnameh’s imagery are on one hand in connection with the textual sign systems and on the other hand are of a nature belonging to the visual sign system. An example from this dual system of textual-visual kind is seen in the visual motifs of heaven MoreMotifs used in Shahnameh’s imagery are on one hand in connection with the textual sign systems and on the other hand are of a nature belonging to the visual sign system. An example from this dual system of textual-visual kind is seen in the visual motifs of heavenly concept of farr. In textual system, Kiani Farr refers to Shah’s legitimacy. Researches made in this regard generally describe the concept of Farr, and deal with its application in Shahnameh and ancient texts. The emphasis of these works is mostly on the semantic aspect of Farr. This essay however attempts to study the concept of Farr from another approach. Looking for its meaning among the images to find out how the visual artists depicted the concept of Farr. Thus the attempt is made in this article to seek and find symbolic imagery in between the images in Shahnameh, rock reliefs, and images depicted in banners. For this reason apart from the textual sources, one made use of visual sources as well. Studying the images illustrate that Farr is manifested in form of three motifs of light, bird and crown. These three motifs each has different manifestations dealt with in detail in this study. The purpose of this research is to find the symbols of Farr by inspection of visual sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Comparison of integrated indexes of visual-auditory performance in students with hyperactivity, attention deficit and attention deficit- hyperactivity disorder
najme rahmani Kolangarani nimtaj sayah siyariThe ability to recognize and categorize audio stimuli and track their meaningful patterns and recognition of the difference between sounds in a colloquial language depends on the enhancement of auditory perception. It seems that children with hyperactivity / atten MoreThe ability to recognize and categorize audio stimuli and track their meaningful patterns and recognition of the difference between sounds in a colloquial language depends on the enhancement of auditory perception. It seems that children with hyperactivity / attention deficit disorder face several difficulties due to lack of sensory processes (audio and visual) and limited scope of attention in educational, cognitive, and cognitive fields, especially executive, social, behavioral and emotional functions. The purpose of this study is to make a comparison between visual and auditory performance indexes among the three groups of hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit disorder and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. To achieve this, in a causal- comparative study, 69 students with the diagnosis of hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder were selected according to the Convenience sampling method and tested for visual-auditory continuous performance. The study grouped the subjects under three headings of hyperactivity disorder (9 people), attention deficit (30), hyperactivity / attention deficit disorder (30 people). The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that auditory and visual performance indexes in students with hyperactivity, attention deficit, hyperactivity-attention deficiency have a significant difference and the auditory and visual performance of the hyperactivity group is better than the attention deficit and hyperactivity / attention deficit group. This research supports deficiencies in visual and auditory related tests of people with ADHD. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Comparative study of Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward and Affective Neuroscience Personality based on the girl adolescents psychopathological dimensions
Karim Babayi emrah tajoddini jale aminzadeThe ability to recognize and categorize audio stimuli and track their meaningful patterns and recognition of the difference between sounds in a colloquial language depends on the enhancement of auditory perception. It seems that children with hyperactivity / atten MoreThe ability to recognize and categorize audio stimuli and track their meaningful patterns and recognition of the difference between sounds in a colloquial language depends on the enhancement of auditory perception. It seems that children with hyperactivity / attention deficit disorder face several difficulties due to lack of sensory processes (audio and visual) and limited scope of attention in educational, cognitive, and cognitive fields, especially executive, social, behavioral and emotional functions. The purpose of this study is to make a comparison between visual and auditory performance indexes among the three groups of hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit disorder and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. To achieve this, in a causal- comparative study, 69 students with the diagnosis of hyperactivity/attention deficit disorder were selected according to the Convenience sampling method and tested for visual-auditory continuous performance. The study grouped the subjects under three headings of hyperactivity disorder (9 people), attention deficit (30), hyperactivity / attention deficit disorder (30 people). The results of one-way analysis of variance showed that auditory and visual performance indexes in students with hyperactivity, attention deficit, hyperactivity-attention deficiency have a significant difference and the auditory and visual performance of the hyperactivity group is better than the attention deficit and hyperactivity / attention deficit group. This research supports deficiencies in visual and auditory related tests of people with ADHD. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Recognizing the objective-physical components affecting the design of residential facades and walls from the perspective of the aesthetic preferences of the observers (area under study: District Two of Tehran)
Neda Golzari Dehno Azadeh Shahcheraghi Farah HabibOne of the most important physical components of the city, which strengthens the relationship between citizens and the place, is the composition of the facade of the buildings, in other words, the urban facade.In urban design and development, the physical-aesthetic dime MoreOne of the most important physical components of the city, which strengthens the relationship between citizens and the place, is the composition of the facade of the buildings, in other words, the urban facade.In urban design and development, the physical-aesthetic dimension is considered to be the most important quality in the urban space, the purpose of which is to create a pleasant feeling in the urban environment. Meanwhile, the walls of the streets are one of the most important dimensions of effective design on the aesthetics of the urban landscape due to their direct influence on the visual perception of the citizens. The current research tries to provide effective solutions to improve the aesthetic objective in the aspect of facades and residential walls by prioritizing the preferences of the observers.The research method is descriptive and analytical in terms of type and practical in terms of purpose. Information was collected through field visits, document studies and questionnaires. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data from two viewpoints of observers and experts, and then the components obtained in the selected images of the region were analyzed based on the preferences of the users.The findings indicate that the components of color and texture of materials, sky line and volumetric porosity, from both points of view, are in the priority of evaluating residential wall beauty preferences. This article tries to provide suggestions to improve the conditions of urban walls by considering the physical indicators prioritized by supervisors and experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Boosting Vocabulary Learning and Retention in EFL Learners: The Impact of Visual Hints in Educational Games
khorshid mousavi Nayer ArshadiThis study explores the effectiveness of visual hints in educational games on vocabulary learning and retention among intermediate EFL learners. Participants included 50 male and female students, aged 15 to 19, from the Ava Language Institute in Urmia, Iran. These nativ MoreThis study explores the effectiveness of visual hints in educational games on vocabulary learning and retention among intermediate EFL learners. Participants included 50 male and female students, aged 15 to 19, from the Ava Language Institute in Urmia, Iran. These native Turkish speakers with Persian as their standard language were selected based on their performance on the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT). The study employed a pretest-posttest design, utilizing the Vocabulary Knowledge Scale (VKS) for assessment. Participants were divided into two groups: a visual hints group and a control group, each comprising 25 students. Both groups engaged with the Spaceteam ESL game, an interactive mobile application designed for language learning. The visual hints group received additional visual aids before answering questions, whereas the control group did not. After 10 sessions, a vocabulary posttest was administered immediately and again one month later to measure retention. Results indicated that visual hints significantly enhanced both vocabulary acquisition and long-term retention compared to the control group. These findings suggest that integrating visual aids embedded in the educational games into language learning games can be a highly effective strategy for improving vocabulary knowledge among intermediate EFL learners. Future research should explore the long-term impacts and applicability across diverse learner populations. Manuscript profile
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