• Home
  • Utilization of perceptual-visual components in urban landscape resilience Case study: Rasht city

Share To

Article Url


Manuscript ID : JZPM-2102-3860 (R1) Visit : 52 Page: 165 - 180

10.30495/jzpm.2022.5431

20.1001.1.22516735.1401.12.47.10.2

Article Type: Original Research

Utilization of perceptual-visual components in urban landscape resilience Case study: Rasht city

Subject Areas : Regional Planning

Hasan Hekmatnia 1 , ESMAEL NASIRI HENDEH KHALEH 2 , mohamad eskandari 3 , Davood moghadam 4

1 - Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University,Tehran, Iran.
2 - Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University,Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University,Tehran, Iran.
4 - MSc Student, Land Management Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2021-02-24 Accepted : 2021-04-09 Published : 2022-10-23

Keywords: Resilience, Rasht, landscape, Landscape to Bavar, Perceptual-visual components,

Abstract :

Resilience as a new concept in sustainability literature has created a new understanding of the relationship between man and the environment. Resilience is derived from biological discipline, which determines an organism's ability to withstand and recover from a shock, disaster, or disease. The present study evaluates the effect of perceptual-visual components on the resilience of the urban landscape of Rasht metropolis. Method of collecting information in two ways; Documentary and field is a questionnaire and interview. The independent variables of this research are functional, aesthetic, form and morphological, environmental and dependent variables of landscape resilience research. The questionnaire used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts (professors and experts in the field of urban landscape). The sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula, 384 questionnaires and distributed by simple random sampling. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the data in SPSS software. The results showed that considering that the variables of perceptual-visual quality components (including functional, experimental and aesthetic components, form and morphology, environment) with the dependent variable of this study (comparative perspective) have a correlation coefficient. Is 0.568. The adjusted coefficient figure in this study also indicates that 76% of the changes related to the resilient landscape in environmental variables, form and morphology and aesthetics can be explained. The study of tolerance coefficients shows that the environmental variables of form, morphology and aesthetics have the highest coefficients with 0.452, 0.328 and 0.312, respectively, and act as a predictor variable compared to other variables. Therefore, it can be added that the components of perceptual-visual quality affect the patient perspective. The adjusted coefficient figure in this study indicates that 76% of the changes related to the resilient landscape in environmental variables, form and morphology and aesthetics can be explained.

References:


  1. Adger, W. N. (2000). Social and ecological resilience: Are they related? Progress in Human Geography, 24(3): 347-364. DOI: 10, 1191/030913200701540465. Alexander, Alexander, D. E. (2013). Resilience and disaster risk reduction: An etymological journey. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 13: 2707-2716. DOI: 10, 5194/nhess-13-2707-2013.
    2.
  2. Ahern, J. (2013). Urban landscape sustainability and resilience: the promise and challenges of integrating ecology with urban planning and design. Landscape Ecology, (28), 1203-1212.
    3.
  3. Al Hashemi, Aida and Mansouri, Sidamir. (2017). Landscape, a changing concept: A look at the evolution of the concept of landscape since the Renaissance. Bagh-e Nazar, 14 (57), 33-44. Bahrami, Farshad; Al-Hashemi, Aida and the pious, Heshmatullah. (2018). Urban rivers and flood resilience thinking, resilient planning of the Kan River. Landscape, 11 (47), 60 - 73. [In Persian].
    4.
  4. Albers, M. & Deppisch, S. (2013). Resilience in the light of climate change: Useful approach or empty phrase for spatial planning? European Planning Studies, 21(10), 1598-1610.
    5.
  5. Alberti, M. & Marzluff, J. M. (2004). Ecological resilience in urban ecosystems: linking urban patterns to human and ecological functions. Urban Ecosyst, 7(3), 241-265.
    6.
  6. Arefi, M. (2011). Design for Resilient Cities. reflections from a studio. In: Banerjee, Tidib & Loukaitou-Sideris (ed) (2011) Companion to Urban Design. Routledge: Abingdon.
    7.
  7. Asadpour, Ali. (2013). Evaluate the landscape and its visual messages. Book Month Art Magazine. 8 - 1: 177. [In Persian].
    8.
  8. (2019). Resilient Landscape. Retrieved from www.asla.org.
    9.
  9. Atshin Bar, Mohammad. (2015). Continuity of identity in the urban landscape. Garden of Nazar, 6 (12), 56-45. [In Persian].
    10.
  10. Bahrami,farshad. Hemati, morteza(2019). Resilient Perspective: An Unseen Concept Review and Evaluation of Definitions in the Field of Resilience Intensive Review of Theoretical Literature. DOI: 10.22034/manzar.2020.218060.2032. [In Persian].
    11.
  11. Bell, S. (2012). Landscape: Pattern, Perception and Process. London: Routledge.
    12.
  12. Beller, E., Robinson, A., Grossinger, R. & Grenier, L. (2015). Landscape Resilience Framework: Operationalizing ecological resilience at the landscape scale. Prepared for Google Ecology Program. A Report of SFEI-ASC’s Resilient Landscapes Program. San Francisco: Estuary Institute, Richmond, CA.
    13.
  13. Berque, A. (1995). Les raisons du paysage: de la Chine antique aux environnements de synthèse. Paris: Fernand Hazan.
    14.
  14. Berque, A. (2000). De peuples en pays, ou la trajection paysagère. Les enjeux du paysage. Paris: Ousia. Hazan.
    15.
  15. Berque, A. (2013). Thinking through landscape. New York: Routledge.
    16.
  16. Bourassa, SC. (1978). Toward a theory of landscape aesthetics.Landscape and Urban Planning, (15), 241-252.
    17.
  17. Boyd,L. Robert. (2017), Urban locations and Black Metropolis resilience in the Great Depression, Geofrum, no 84, p: 1-10.
    18.
  18. Bozza, A., Asprone, D. & Fabbrocino, F. (2017). Urban resilience: a civil engineering perspective. Sustainability, 9(1), 103-120
    19.
  19. Brand, F., & Jax, K. (2007). Focusig the meaning (s) of resilience: resilience as a descriptive concept and a boundary object. Ecology and society, Vol. 12, No.1, pp.1-15.
    20.
  20. Beel, D. E. and C.D. Wallace, and G. Webster, and H. Nguyen, and E. Tait, and M. Macleod,and C. Mellish, (2017): CULTURAL RESILIENCE: THE PRODUCTION OF RURALCOMMUNITY HERITAGE, DIGITAL ARCHIVES AND THE ROLE OF VOLUNTEERS.Journal of Rural Studies, 54, pp: 459-468.
    21.
  21. Bruneau, .., Chang, .. E. and Eguchi, R. T., Lee, G. C., Thomas, .. O􀂶, Reinhorn, A. .., Shinozuka, M., Tierney, K., A., Wallace, W., Winterfed. D.V. (2003). A framework to quantitatively assess and enhance the seismic resilience of communities, Earthquake Spectra, 19: 733- 752. DOI: 10, 1193/1, 1623497.
    22.
  22. Brunon, H. (2010). The notion of landscape in the humanities and social sciences: benchmarks on “culturalist” approaches: Thematic bibliography. Retrieved from https:hal.archivesouvertes. frhalshs-00462112.
    23.
  23. Buckle, P.; Marsh, G.; Smale, S. (2001). Assessing Resilience and Vulnerability: Principles, Strategies and Actions. Australia: Victorian Government Publishing.
    24.
  24. Chomarat-Ruiz, C. (2008). La critique de paysage peut-elle être scientifique? Projets de paysage. Retrieved from projetsdepaysage.fr.
    25.
  25. Christopherson, S., Michie J. & Tyler P. (2010) Regional resilience: theoretical and empirical perspectives. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 3(1), 3–10.
    26.
  26. S and Dolio, H. (2018), Risk-based Resilience Assessment Model Focusing on Urban Infrastracture System Restoration, Procdia Engineering, No. 212, P:1115-1122.
    27.
  27. Cockburn, J., Lindley, D., Kotze, D. & Dubazane, N. (2015). The Resilient Landscapes Approach: WWF. South Africa Mondi Wetlands Programme.
    28.
  28. Collier, J.M and et al. (2013), Transitionninig to resilience and sustainableity in Urban communicaties, Cities, No. 32,P: 21-28.
    29.
  29. Cox, R. S , and M. Hamlen, (2015): COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE AND THERURAL RESILIENCE INDEX. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(2), pp: 220-237.
    30.
  30. Crowe, Philip.R, Fole, Karen and Marcus Collier. (2016), Operatioalizing Urban resilience through a framework for adaptive co-management and design, Environment Science and Policy, No. 62, P. 112-119.
    31.
  31. Cutter, S. L, and K.D, Ash, and C.T, Emrich, (2016): URBAN–RURAL DIFFERENCES INDISASTER RESILIENCE. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 106, pp:1236-1252.
    32.
  32. Duncan, J. S. (2004). The City as Text: The Politics of Landscape Interpretation in the Kandyan Kingdom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    33.
  33. Duncan, N. & Duncan, J. (2009). Doing landscape interpretation. In DeLyser, D., Herbert, S., Aitken, S., Crang, M. & McDowell, L. (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of qualitative geography (pp. 225-247). London: SAGE Publications, Inc.
    34.
  34. Eskandari Nodeh, Mohammad. Gholipoor,Yaser. Fallah Heydari,Fatemeh. Ahmadpour Ayube(2019). Identifying Resilience Dimensions and its Impact on Urban Sustainability of Rasht City. Geography and Sustainability of Environment 32 (2019) 63-77. [In Persian].
    35.
  35. Folke, C. (2006). Resilience: The emergence of a perspective for social-ecological systems analyses. Global environmental change, Vol.16, No.3, pp. 253-267.
    36.
  36. Garschagen, M. (2013). Resilience and organizational institutionalism from a cross-cultural perspective: an exploration based on urban climate change adaptation in Vietnam, Nat. Hazards, 67: 25-46. DOI: 10, 1007/s11069-011-9753-4.
    37.
  37. Godschalk, D. R. (2003). Urban hazard mitigation: creating resilient cities. Natural Hazards Review, 4(3), 136-143.
    38.
  38. Hägerstrand, T. (1993). Samhälle och natur. In Region och miljö: ekologiska perspektiv på den rumsliga närings- och bosättningsstrukturen (vol. 1, pp. 14-59). Kobenhavn: Nordisk Institut for Regionalpolitisk Forskning.
    39.
  39. Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems annual. Review of Ecology and Systematics, (4), 1-23.
    40.
  40. Hosseinzadeh Dalir, Karim. Mohammadian, Mehrdad Sardari, Roya (2019). A review of the concept of urban resilience. Journal of Urban Design Studies and Urban Research Second year, number 3 in a row: 9. [In Persian].
    41.
  41. W and Ling. M. (2018), System resilience assessment method of Urban lifeline System to GIS, Computers, Environment and Urban System, No 71, P: 67-80.
    42.
  42. Klein, R. J. & Nicholls, R. J. & Thomalla, F. (2003) The resilience of coastal megacities to weather- related hazards. Building Safer Cities, pp.101-120.
    43.
  43. Lebel, L., J. M. Anderies, B. and Campbell, C., Folke, S., Hatfield- Dodds, T. P., Hughes, J. W. (2006). Governance and the capacity to manage resilience in regional social-ecological systems.Ecology and Society, 11(1): 19. DOI: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol11/iss1/art19.
    44.
  44. ,
    45.
  45. Lewis, P. F. (1979). Axioms for reading the landscape. In Meinig D. W. (Ed.), The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes (pp. 11-32). New York: Oxford University Press.
    46.
  46. Local Land Services Central West. (2016). Building Resilience Landscape. Australian Government. Retrieved from centralwest.lls.nsw.gov.au.
    47.
  47. Mansoori, Sidamir. (1389) What is an urban landscape. Landscape, 2( 9 ), 30 – 3. [In Persian].
    48.
  48. Mc Harg, I. L. (1969). Design with Nature. New York: American Museum of Natural History.
    49.
  49. Maudat, Elias, garmsiri, Parasto, Momeni, Cyrus(2019). stimation of Urban Resilience Distribution from the Perspective of Earthquake Crisis: A Case Study of Ilam City. Scientific Journal of Regional Planning, Year 9, No36,pp-119-134[In Persian].
    50.
  50. J., Marques. B. & Hatton. W. (2018). Indigenous cultural knowledge for therapeutic landscape design. In Rosa, I. S., Lopes, J. C., Ribeiro. R. & Mendes, A. (Eds.). Handbook of Research of Methods and Tools for Assessing Cultural LandscapeAdaptation (pp. 28-52). USA: IGI Global.
    51.
  51. Majnuni Toutakhane, A. and V. Heidari Sarban, and M. Mafarah Bonab, (2016):"INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF LAKE URMIA DROUGHT ON RESILIENCECHANGES IN RURAL SETTLEMENTS", Journal of Rural Research and Planning, 20,67- 89
    52.
  52. Meinig, D. W. (1979). The beholding eye: Ten versions of the same scene. In D.W. Meinig, (Ed.). The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays (pp. 33-48). New York: Oxford university press.
    53.
  53. Müller, B. (2010). Urban and Regional Resilience: A New Catchword or a Consistent Concept for Research andPractice? (B. Heidelberg, Ed.) German Annual of Spatial Research and Policy.
    54.
  54. .Moghim, Sanaz and Kavegarnia, Roja. (2019), Countries Classification b environmental resilience, Journal of Environmental Management, No. 230, P: 345-354.No. 4. [In Persian].
    55.
  55. Norris, F.H., Stevens, S.P. and Pfefferbaum, B., Wyche K.F., Pfefferbaum, R. L. (2008). Community Resilience as a Metaphor, Theory, Set of Capacities, and Strategy for Disaster Readiness, American Journal of Community Psychology, 41: 127-150. DOI: 10, 1007/s10464-007-9156-6.
    56.
  56. Olazabal, M.; Chelleri, L. and Waters J.J. (2012): Why urban resilience?. In: Chelleri, Marta, Multidisciplinary perspectives on urban resilience a workshop report, Basque Centre for Climate Change, Bilbao.
    57.
  57. Perrings, C. (2006). Resilience and sustainable development. Environment and Development Economics, 11 (4), 417˚427.
    58.
  58. Pickett, S. T. A., Cadenasso, M. L. & Grove, J. M. (2004). Resilient cities: meaning, models, and metaphor for integrating the ecological, socio-economic, and planning realms. Landscape and urban planning, 69(4), 369-384.
    59.
  59. Pickett, S.T.A., Parker, V.T., Fiedler, P.L. (1992). The new paradigm in ecology: implications for conservation biology above the species level. In: Fiedler, P.L. (Ed.), Conservation Biology: The Theory and Practice of Nature Conservation, Preservation, and Management. Chapman and Hall, New York: 65- 88.
    60.
  60. Pizzo, B. (2015). Problematizing Resilience: Implications for planning theory and practice. Cities 43: 133- 140. DOI: 10,1016/j.cities.2014,11,015.
    61.
  61. Porteous, J. D. 1996. Environmental Aesthetics: Ideas, Politics and Planning. Translated by: Mohammad Reza Masnavi, 1389. Pub: jahade daneshgahi Mashhad.
    62.
  62. Ramezani, Mohammad Ebrahim, Khodapnah, Kiomars (2020) Futurism of upgrading to rural housing in the face of drought in the villages of Ajabshir Basin, Scientific Journal of Regional Planning, Volume 10, No 40, pp. 147-162[In Persian].
    63.

 

  1. Sheibani, Mehdi. (1389). Pathology of Tehran Urban Landscape. Landscape, 2 (9), 29-26. [In Persian].
    2.
  2. Smith, A. (2010). Community-led urban transitions and resilience: performing transition towns in a city. In Cities and Low Carbon Transitions (pp. 175-193). Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
    3.
  3. Spirn, A. W. (1998). The Language of Landscape. London: Yale University Press.
    4.
  4. Steiner, F. (2011). Landscape ecological urbanism: Origins and trajectories. Landscape and Urban Planning, (100), 333-337.
    5.
  5. Tabibian, Manouchehr. (2006). Landscape assessment guidelines and visual effects. University Publications Tehran, p. 169.
    6.
  6. Tuan, Y. F. (1979). Landscapes of Fear. New York: Pantheon Books.
    7.
  7. Wang, Zhan and et al.(2018), Learning Urban resilience from a social-economic-ecological system prespective: Acasestudy of Beijing from 1978 to 2015, Journal of cleaner Production , No. 183, P: 343-357.
    8.
  8. Wu, J. J. (2008). Making the case for landscape ecology an effective approach to urban sustainability. Landscape Journal, (27), 41-50.
    9.
  9. Zali, Nader, Sohrabi Rezvan, Mehdi (2018) Evaluation of dimensions and components affecting regional resilience using the Triz technique ... Case Study of Hamadan Province, Scientific Journal of Regional Planning Year 8, No. 29, pp-41-52[In Persian].
    10.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

_||_

Sanad

Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages

The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024

Home| Login| About Us| Contact Us|
[فارسی] [العربية] [fa] [ar]