-
Open Access Article
1 - Integrated banking model of Bank Melli Iran (BMI) based on the customer needs in company, private, minor and commercial dimensions
Davod Abdi Mehdi Moradi Lorens AnviehTekiehThe present study aims to describe the dimensions of comprehensive banking model of Bank Melli Iran based on the customer needs. This research was conducted using the qualitative case study methodology. The target group of this study included 18 experts in banking indus MoreThe present study aims to describe the dimensions of comprehensive banking model of Bank Melli Iran based on the customer needs. This research was conducted using the qualitative case study methodology. The target group of this study included 18 experts in banking industry with the work experience of above 10 years in Bank Melli of Iran in 2018. The qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The comprehensive banking model based on the customer needs was extracted in Bank Melli of Iran based on the results of this study; the purpose of this model was to address challenges in the areas of the financial resources, human resources, processes, and customers; some strategies to achieve this purpose include: making adjustments to the severe monitoring system in the area of banking laws and regulations, the need for diverse levels of funding to secure capital in big banks, using the competitive conditions in banking industry (including the digitalization) as an opportunity, proper use of communication technology to meet the diverse needs of customers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identify and ranking the components of in-service training needs of employees; Case study of Mashhad Municipality
zohre shahmohamadi hoda peyravi morteza razavi nezhad salman alehasan morteza karamiAim: The purpose of this study was to identify and ranking the components of in-service training needs assessment in Mashhad Municipality. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive in terms of method and Delphi method was used for ranking. MoreAim: The purpose of this study was to identify and ranking the components of in-service training needs assessment in Mashhad Municipality. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive in terms of method and Delphi method was used for ranking. The statistical population in the qualitative part of this research is the heads of planning departments and transformation and renovation experts of Mashhad Municipality, which is 90 people. The statistical population in the quantitative section was 13 specialists and education experts . Finding: assessment, all components were categorized into 5 dimensions of needs assessment process, needs assessment methods, needs assessment participants, needs assessment prioritization and needs assessment timing, and among the extracted components 19 components related to the needs assessment process, 19 components related to the needs assessment methods, 11 components related to the needs assessment participants, 11 components related to the needs assessment prioritization and 6 components related to the needs assessment timing were counted. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the educational needs assessment in Mashhad Municipality and help municipal managers to find appropriate priorities for education needs to make appropriate plans in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Role of Environmental Psychology in High-rise Buildings based on Sustainable Architecture Attitude
Abdolhadi Daneshpour Mojtaba Mahdavinia Mohammad Mehdi Ghiai According to the uncontrolled population growth and urbanity and also the increase of immigrations to cities and the lack of appropriate construction areas, the high rising strategy is being promoted. On the other hand, in this type of building, because of high u More According to the uncontrolled population growth and urbanity and also the increase of immigrations to cities and the lack of appropriate construction areas, the high rising strategy is being promoted. On the other hand, in this type of building, because of high user density in a limited area and the considerable use of energy resources during construction and exploitation, sustainable attitude have to be pursued not only in design process but also during exploitation. Since achieving the goals of sustainable architecture is impossible without attention to user’s behavior, the psychological terms and behavioral sciences play the key role. In this regard, few of the researches that have already been done are about the psychological and behavioral aspects of sustainability attitude. In This paper, the role of environmental psychology in sustainable high rise building design is recognized and also in order to promotion of this type of behavior through Maslow pyramid model of needs, the ways and strategies are explored. In the next step, with considering of the role of “attitude” in promoting individual and social behaviors, the strategies of “education” and “resources management” have been presented. Finally, environmental psychology as a basis for motivating sustainable behavior by users is introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Developing a Sense of Place by Humanizing Public Pedestrian Precincts
Santosh Tiwari -
Open Access Article
5 - Sustainable Criteria Evaluation of Neighbourhoods Through Residents’ Perceived Needs
Rama Ghalambor Dezfooly -
Open Access Article
6 - Secrets of Light in Traditional Houses of Iran
Vida Makani Arezu Khorram Zahra Ahmadipur -
Open Access Article
7 - Identifying and Prioritizing the Educational Needs of the Hospital Administrators of Baqiyatallah in Human, Perceptual, and Technical Skills
بهارک شیرزاد کبریا Akram momeni shahram hashemniaIntroduction: The speed of environmental and organizational changes has made training and updating of human resources, especially managers, very important. Nowadays, this importance is doubled due to the sensitivity of the occupations in the hospitals. Therefore, it is MoreIntroduction: The speed of environmental and organizational changes has made training and updating of human resources, especially managers, very important. Nowadays, this importance is doubled due to the sensitivity of the occupations in the hospitals. Therefore, it is important to identify and prioritize the educational needs of hospital managers. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey method. The statistical population of this study consist of all other managers of the hospital of the rest of the country, of which 190 are. Using Morgan's table, 123 people were selected as the sample size (92 men and 31 women), and they were selected by stratified random sampling from the statistical population. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed by standard methods. To analyze the data, one-group t-test and Friedman test were used. Results: The results of a single-group t test showed that different levels of hospital management required different technical, human and perceptual training indices. According to Friedman's test, the priority of these needs varies. Conclusion: The three levels of managers (excellent, middle, and supervisor) need all three levels (technical, human, and perceptual), but higher level executives are more concerned with perceived needs, and managers are at the level of technical supervision, while all three The managerial level has prioritized the educational needs of the human being. Also, the priorities of these three groups are different. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Examining the Relationship of Training on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Effectiveness
H. Vasudevan -
Open Access Article
9 - Comparative Study of Factors Affecting on Customer Satisfaction in Public and private banks (Case Study: Meli and Eghtesad Novin Banks)
mehdi badpaIn today's competitive world, customer satisfaction and customer retention are very important. For this reason, different models have been designed to measure customer satisfaction, since every industry has its own needs, Customer satisfaction models need to be localize MoreIn today's competitive world, customer satisfaction and customer retention are very important. For this reason, different models have been designed to measure customer satisfaction, since every industry has its own needs, Customer satisfaction models need to be localized according to the needs of each sector and industry. In this study, the Factors Affecting on Customer Satisfaction in Meli and Eghtesad Novin Banks have been identified and with using the Kano model, these factors are divided into three categories: Basic Quality, Performance Quality and Excitement Quality. The study population consisted the customers of Meli and Eghtesad Novin Banks and the sample size for each bank was 384 that was selected by Simple random Methodology. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated through Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.942 for the Meli Bank and 0.875 for the Eghtesad Novin Bank. The results showed that from the viewpoint of the clients of both banks, the low commission rate and the cost of doing banking services are Basic requirements, Appearance adornment and Branch Welfare Facilities, Having branches to serve outside office hours and Expansion of electronic banking services are Performance requirements. Also, uniform staff coverage has been identified as one of the Excitement requirements and Customers are indifferent to offer specific services to specific customers. Based on the results of the research for Eghtesad Novin Bank clients, Timely accountability of Head and staff of the bank as well as Customer protection policies were a Performance requirement, Bank loan terms Such as how to pay, interest rate, time of payment, etc. were identified as Basic needs and they were indifferent to the profits of investment deposits. Whereas For the Meli Bank clients, Timely accountability of Head and staff of the bank was a Basic requirement, the profits of investment deposits was a Performance requirement, Customer protection policies was a Excitement requirement and they were indifferent to the Bank loan terms Such as how to pay, interest rate, time of payment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigating the effect of marketing mix of services on perceived values, customer satisfaction and behavioral intentions in the restaurant
nadereh sadat najafi zadeh Ali Akbar MirzaeeCompanies that have been successful in the field of marketing perceived the importance of product quality and customer service. These companies know that the quality is more than product specification and services to customers is over a respond to their complaints. Toda MoreCompanies that have been successful in the field of marketing perceived the importance of product quality and customer service. These companies know that the quality is more than product specification and services to customers is over a respond to their complaints. Today Focus on the consumers need is the main cause of marketing trends. Focus on customer needs means paying attention to product quality and customer service and companies, which were pioneers in terms of technology or lower prices, now compete depending on the quality of products and provide better services to customers. This research is an attempt to investigate the quality of physical environment, quality of service and food on perceived behavioral, customer satisfaction and customer behavioral intention at restaurant. IN the same way, after the introduction of the overall framework of the research in chapter one, the data were collected by survey methos.to collect data a questionnaire consisted of 29 questions designed and distributed in the population who were the customer of Arak restaurants. Later completed questionnaires by technology of T-student were analyzed in LISREL software. The results showed that the quality of the physical environment, food quality and service quality impact on restaurant image and quality of the physical environment impact on perceived value and perceived value impact on customer satisfaction and customer satisfaction impact on customer behavioral intention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Survey of Customer Satisfaction in San Suan Product Planning by Kano Model
H. Vazifehdust S. FarokhianSurvey and securing of customer satisfaction and attention to customer wants and needs in product planning can cause increased loyalty in the long term. The main goal of this project is recognizing and understanding the concept of customer satisfacti MoreSurvey and securing of customer satisfaction and attention to customer wants and needs in product planning can cause increased loyalty in the long term. The main goal of this project is recognizing and understanding the concept of customer satisfaction by considering the necessities and needs of customers in designing the products of San Suan manufacturing company. The relationship between basic needs, performance needs, excitement needs & expectation value, unexpected value with customer satisfaction, and loyalty has been analyzed by the use of a seven-hypothesis and exploratory research project, surveying research approach and accidental sampling of 100 people collected by buyers of the company’s products. This information also has been analyzed by the use of regression coefficient test & detailed regression coefficient. The result indicates that:1. Performance needs has a direct relationship with expectation value.2. Expectation value has a direct relationship with customer satisfaction.3. Unexpected value has a direct relationship with customer satisfaction.4. Expectation value has a direct relationship with customer loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - need Assessment of judicial Training Based on individual,social,cultural and occupational competencies Approach in Iranian judicial system (are dtudy: Tehran and Qom Internship center)
shima shabani alireza chenari korosh parsastudy, in order to identify the educational needs of judicial trainees, first to identify job competencies and then formulate their training needs based on these competencies. Been paid. The statistical population of this study consisted of 82 judicial trainees from Teh Morestudy, in order to identify the educational needs of judicial trainees, first to identify job competencies and then formulate their training needs based on these competencies. Been paid. The statistical population of this study consisted of 82 judicial trainees from Tehran and Qom They are selected by random sampling method and include internship courses No. 194, 200, 202, 203, 98 and Tehran Teaching, which is surveyed by all trainees. During interviews with judicial trainees, professors and judges, they were first asked about the skills required for judicial internships and a list of skills was prepared, and then the questionnaire was distributed by distributing a questionnaire. The research method is a survey description and a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect the data, the validity of which was confirmed by the content method and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to analyze the data from T test and factor analysis with S software. P. S. S. Used. Results: It shows that the skills identified in individual, social, cultural competencies and job competencies are among the educational needs of judicial trainees. Acquaintance skills with national and regional culture, eloquence, familiarity with psychology and psychoanalysis, social studies and considerations, anger management, how to manage meetings, judicial management in determining the educational needs of judicial trainees, the most important the identified indicators In this research, they have. Among the skills related to job competencies, the index of familiarity with the culture and customs of the service area is of great importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Studying the Effects of Religiousness and Political Orientation on Justice Feeling among Iranian Citizens Regarding Iranian Government´s Welfare Development Plans
Meisam Hasheminiya Rahmatollah Amirahmadi Hossein Abolhassan TanhaeiThe present research aimed at studying the effects of religiousness and political orientation on justice feeling among Iranian citizens regarding Iranian government´s welfare plans. This perspective is important because the political sovereignty of Iran with an insepara MoreThe present research aimed at studying the effects of religiousness and political orientation on justice feeling among Iranian citizens regarding Iranian government´s welfare plans. This perspective is important because the political sovereignty of Iran with an inseparable tie with religion tries to have a different attitude towards social welfare and justice based on religious concepts. The present research framework was developed based on the theories of criticizing the government of welfare and Bourdieu´s theory. The present research was carried out by survey method and using questionnaire administered among Khoramabad citizens in 2021. The research sampling was designed through integrating cluster sampling and disproportionate stratified sampling with 400 as the sample volume. The results showed that Khorramabad citizens have not an equal attitude towards Iranian governments´ social welfare plans. Regarding the three previous governments, Khoramabad citizens assessed welfare plans of Khatami´s government as higher than that of Rohani´s government. Regarding their hope for the next government´s welfare plans, majority of the population predict the same or worse conditions. The research results showed that their commitment towards religious rituals and political orientations have effects on their assessment of a government´s welfare plans, i.e., the individuals with fundamentalist orientation and religious believes assess plans for distributive justice higher. The results also showed that priorities in the individuals´ orientation or attitude resulted in accepting or rejecting governmental institutions in their minds; moreover, the individuals assess securing the social needs and distributive justice in the governments´ welfare plans as biased for or against them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Investigating the needs of the elderly population of Iran in different regions and population groups up to 1420 and its role in social development
جواد dindar Farkosh shahla kazemipour sabet hamid ansari The purpose of this study is to predict the needs of the elderly population of Iran in differentregions and population groups until 1420 and its role in social development. The research method is acombination of two methods: quantitative (secondary analysis) and d More The purpose of this study is to predict the needs of the elderly population of Iran in differentregions and population groups until 1420 and its role in social development. The research method is acombination of two methods: quantitative (secondary analysis) and documentary. "Calculated by theStatistics Center of Iran and demographic methods" and "statistically valid documents and thendemographic calculation methods" were used to "estimate the different needs of the elderlypopulation." According to the theories, economic development as well as the import of medicalequipment in developing countries, reduced mortality and fertility and increased life expectancy andfundamental changes in the age structure of the population, and this at birth in the early stages.Demographic transition leads to population growth and in the final stages increases the elderlypopulation. In the field of needs of the elderly, the theories were examined that income, healthinsurance, education, social support and housing are predicted as the most important needs of theelderly in different regions and population groups until 1420, and because the goal The main thing insocial development is to improve people's living standards and quality of life, identifying the needs ofthe elderly will have a significant impact on social development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Analyzing the needs of young girls with a data theory approach
leila fathi Mohadese Daraman Mojtaba HemayatkhahThis study aimed to conduct a sociological analysis of the needs of young girls in a qualitative manner with a Grounded theory strategy. Subjects were young girls aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran. The data were analyzed in a semi-structured interview with 21 people MoreThis study aimed to conduct a sociological analysis of the needs of young girls in a qualitative manner with a Grounded theory strategy. Subjects were young girls aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran. The data were analyzed in a semi-structured interview with 21 people and examined by Strauss and Corbin. Findings show the extraction of 662 primary open-source codes, 83 axial codes, and 19 selective codes, which during the paradigm model of causal conditions include; Need for support, security, respect and belonging, individual and social independence and freedoms, career and financial planning, leisure time, contextual conditions have; Updating macro-policies in the educational institution, the need to acquire skills and support from the Family, independence and empowerment of young people, women's participation in legislation and its review, the need for a secure society and gender equality, and intervening conditions; The economic structure of humanity has been a lack of interactive space in the Family and gender justice. Young girls also use strategies to decide to migrate, develop individual and social skills, and adopt creative strategies and management techniques to achieve goals and combat gender stereotypes in society to meet their needs. In general, young girls are not very satisfied with the process of meeting their needs, and the consequence of this problem is an increase in personal and social harms such as depression, suicidal ideation, the tendency to use tobacco and drugs, addiction to virtual social networks, reduced social interaction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Inspection of Social Exuberance and the Effective Factors on it among Students of Islamic Azad University, ParsAbad Moghan Branch
Beitollah Ebrahimzadeh Hashem Aram Behnam Panahi -
Open Access Article
17 - Pathology of Staff Training Needs Assessment in Mashhad Municipality Using a Three-Branch Model
salman alehasan zohre shahmohamadi morteza karamiIntroduction & Objective: The purpose of this study is to improve the educational needs assessment process of Mashhad municipal employees using a three-pronged model. In this model, organizations are examined from three structural, behavioral and contextual perspect MoreIntroduction & Objective: The purpose of this study is to improve the educational needs assessment process of Mashhad municipal employees using a three-pronged model. In this model, organizations are examined from three structural, behavioral and contextual perspectives. Method: In terms of methodology, this research has a qualitative approach that has been done with the help of interview tools. The validity and reliability of the instrument have been confirmed by Goba and Lincoln criteria. Content analysis method has been used in the analysis of findings. Statistical population: The statistical population of this research was the heads of planning departments and experts of transformation and modernization of Mashhad Municipality and the sample of the research is all these people. Results: In this study, by analyzing the interviews, injuries were identified in five categories of process injuries, methodological injuries, injuries related to participants and related to prioritization and scheduling of staff training in Mashhad Municipality. Conclusion: The analysis of findings showed that the major injuries in all five categories based on the three-pronged model were more related to structural issues that require more coordination of educational needs assessment with the structure, strategies and rules of the organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Comparing cultural and Artistically needs between citizens who live in South, North and west areas of Tehran
حمید رزاقیIntroduction and Aim: Cultural and artistical needs are meaningful, exalted, symbolic and qualitative, which are able to satisfy through cultural and artistical planning and activities. It is usually considered in attituds, talents, giving direction, exhilaration and sk MoreIntroduction and Aim: Cultural and artistical needs are meaningful, exalted, symbolic and qualitative, which are able to satisfy through cultural and artistical planning and activities. It is usually considered in attituds, talents, giving direction, exhilaration and skills’ areas. This research is to determine and compare the cultural and artistical needs of citizens live in north, south and west of Tehran in different categories such as artistic and non-artistic training, show and play, festivals,films,cultural and artistic clubs, seminars, consultation’ book readings and publications. Methods: This is an Applied research which has gathered information through questionnaire and interviews. Statistical society consist of men and women over who live in south, North and west areas of Tehran. According to Cochran formula, sample size is determined 960 persons. Result: The cultural and artistical needs of citizens who were in this study, proved that their residence in North, south and west areas has relation with cultural and artistic aspects and it also differs. Therefore, these needs could be ordered with priorities. Conclusion: Comparitive datas indicates significant differential between citizens who live in south, north and west areas of Tehran. About their cultural and artistical needs, it would be explain by Spatial factor, in other word, spatial variance in these areas is able to affect on quantity and quality of talent variations and citizen’s cultural and artistical needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Providing a Participatory Management Model for the Quality of Inter-City Transportation Systems
کاوه جوانی اردشیر سیاح مفضلیExtensive change in recent decades occurred in urban issues, has made responsible organizations face new practical approaches that have been definite outcome of transformations in their relative position. Understanding this important system and recognizing that urban tr MoreExtensive change in recent decades occurred in urban issues, has made responsible organizations face new practical approaches that have been definite outcome of transformations in their relative position. Understanding this important system and recognizing that urban transportation and traffic (in Tehran), like a live and dynamic organization, does not have a rooted environmental ecological and cultural model, we are providing a professional model to improve this system based on scientific methodology. This model is called « Participatory Management Model for the Quality of Inter-City Transportation Systems » and its structures are formed as a result of eight major factors within eight systems. The most important feature of these factors is the «quality and responding to citizens» is. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A Survey of Information Seeking Behavior of Graduate Students of Islamic Azad University: Najaf Abad Branch
Asefeh Asemi Saeed Rajaeepour Narges Oraee Ali Akbar MirzaeePurpose: The aim of this research is toinvestigate the information seeking behavior of Islamic Azad University of Najafabad Master students. Methodology: A descriptive-survey method was used and the statistical population of this research was the students of the MorePurpose: The aim of this research is toinvestigate the information seeking behavior of Islamic Azad University of Najafabad Master students. Methodology: A descriptive-survey method was used and the statistical population of this research was the students of the first semester of 2010-2011 academic year. The research tool was a researcher-developed questionnaire. Findings: The findings showed that the main source of information for student was a knowledgeable person in the subject. The main purpose was writing thesis, and the most important instrument was library software. About the university library: most of the information resources were textbooks, the primary purpose of information seeking in the library was doing homeworks, and the most used tools, was library software and the most information resource services used in library was library reference services. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that academic libraries and librarians failed to meet the information needs and conduct information seeking behavior of graduate students, which is due to the weaknesses of the planning and investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Identify training needs of librarians in public libraries of Alborz province
Fatemeh Naderi Fatemeh Nooshinfard Ahmad ShahbeighPurpose: This study aimed to identify the training needs of public libraries Alborz Province implemented. Methodology:This study applied a survey analysis. The study population consisted of librarians working in public libraries Alborz Province have formed a number of 1 MorePurpose: This study aimed to identify the training needs of public libraries Alborz Province implemented. Methodology:This study applied a survey analysis. The study population consisted of librarians working in public libraries Alborz Province have formed a number of 107 people. The sample was determined using a sample of 84 patients who were randomly selected. The data collection tool was questionnaire and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient 917/0. Data analysis using descriptive, analytical and test a sample mean comparisons were performed using SPSS software. Findings: Most participants in the courses of basic and advanced courses ICDL and storytelling techniques and libraries and the role of training in enhancing the skills of collecting, organizing, and providing services and information technology Reference is high. The presence better educational classes, educational classes time in hours and university teacher training courses and the skills and training required in the future to become familiar with libraries intelligent systems, introduction to Internet information resources familiarity with the principles of professional ethics the libraries. Conclusion: About half of the employees have a history of twenty years, yet have the opportunity to upgrade and knowledge accumulation. Leda is essential for better planning in order to update library activities, according to the skills and interests of participants in the program, designed and implemented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Identification of Information Needs Islamic Azad University Students of Ghaemshahr and the Role of Library to Meet in
Sara Barzegar Banafsheh Dadashi Seyyed Abedin Hosseini AhangariPurpose: The main goal of this study relies on the identification of information needs and researches for the students of Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr and the role of the library in fulfilling their objectives. Method: The design of this study is a library rese MorePurpose: The main goal of this study relies on the identification of information needs and researches for the students of Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr and the role of the library in fulfilling their objectives. Method: The design of this study is a library research that browses the researching works done by bachelor studentsof this university. The questionnaire has been delivered to the students by the university officials. By the help of spss software, 357 questionnaires have been analyzed in both qualitative and quantitative methods. Findings: Through analyzing the obtained data, it is shown that the main objectives of these students in information scanning are as the follow. The item related to the average research done due to the course projects is (11.5) and the complimentary information of their textbooks is (3.36). The original sources of researchers are the standard sources of specific books, scientific journals, students' thesis and reports that are the main sources to provide information needed by the students. On the other hand, the use of internet and different search engines are the most popular ways of scanning information to the students. The basic problems in this field are misinforming about the available sources, lack of e-books and the old books in the libraries. Finally the results of this study have been interpreted and the respective suggestions offered. Results: The results showed that the role of the libraries of the university in fulfilling their information needs estimated approximately medium. These students benefit from their own and other libraries to satisfy their information needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Studying the information needs' of Iran publications' directors
Rihane Shahsavan Mitra GhiasiPurpose: Studying the information needs of Iran publications directors. Methodology: The survey method is used in this research. The sample totaled 1997 directors that 214 ones were selected through a systematic random sampling. The questionnaire is used as a tool of t MorePurpose: Studying the information needs of Iran publications directors. Methodology: The survey method is used in this research. The sample totaled 1997 directors that 214 ones were selected through a systematic random sampling. The questionnaire is used as a tool of the survey. To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and variance. Also, the data was analyzed by the SPSS software. Findings: Iran publications directors considered 56 persons (%37.33) as the first priority of their most needs for information resources to train and to research; they also considered 50 persons (%33.33) as their second priority of the most needs for information resources to increase professional knowledge. The directors considered 55 persons (%36.6) as the third priority of the most needs for information resources to increase personal knowledge and 91 persons (%60.66) as the forth priority to gain information about other publications respectively. The most average of gaining information is highly through the Internet (%4.11). The Fox News Media is of "the most used media" for information resources; "the least useed media" of the resources is a Latin one called Persivishen (%0.56). There are many various methods of surfing the Internet and websites. The importance of the library in fulfilling the information needs under this study sample is %3.13. Conclusion: It was found that the Internet is the first information device for publications of the managers and the usage of readers opinions is in the next step. The main aim of the publications of the managers is to search information and up to date it (37.33%). Finally, they use more than 34% from their emails. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - From Freud to Maslow: Transformation of Paradigms in Psychology of Religion in Modern Era
حسین Heidari جواد Rohani Rassaf Kh Kardoust FiniThere are Four distinct intellectual waves affected the formation of psychology and psychological study of religion: Psychoanalytic theory (from 1900), Behavioral psychology (appeared about 1920), Humanistic psychology (appeared in 1940s) and transpersonal psychology (a MoreThere are Four distinct intellectual waves affected the formation of psychology and psychological study of religion: Psychoanalytic theory (from 1900), Behavioral psychology (appeared about 1920), Humanistic psychology (appeared in 1940s) and transpersonal psychology (appeared about 1960 onwards). From that time onwards, appeared fifth wave can be considered as the elective and synthesis approaches. In this essay the position of religion is discussed from the viewpoint of classical psychologists during the early modern period, especially that of Freud and Jung and the negative belief of behaviorists about religion and also modern psychological theories in late modernity, like William James, Rollo May, Viktor Frankl and Erich Fromm and in the following, humanistic and psychological perspectives of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow will be assessed critically. In this inquiry, it will be concluded that despite Freud and most of former psychologists' perspectives and according to Maslow's theory, human is inherently religious oriented and spiritual life is a part of his life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Identification of Training Needs of Municipality Employees and Presentation of Education Framework Based on DACUM Model
Arezoo Hajiloo Hooman Bahmanpour Mozhgan Zaeemdar Lobat TaghaviBackground and Objective: The aim of this study was to survey, identify training needs, Tehran Municipality staff about environmental issues and the educational model which is based on the DACUM model. Method: For this purpose, the population of 1331 people formed the s MoreBackground and Objective: The aim of this study was to survey, identify training needs, Tehran Municipality staff about environmental issues and the educational model which is based on the DACUM model. Method: For this purpose, the population of 1331 people formed the staff of Tehran Municipality 2. Studied a random sample of 310 participants were identified. Tools for data collection questionnaire which its validity confirmed and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient above 0.7 calculated. Data were analyzed using MATLAB software. Findings: Environment is one of the most vulnerable aspects that have always been threatened. Protection of the environment is a national duty. In a way that should be the responsibility of individual and society to preserve it, and the municipality as one of the custodians plays a vital role in this regard. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed there are significant differences between different levels of educated staff which means staffs with higher education diploma need higher level of training compare to the two other groups with underground and postgraduate degrees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - An Investigation into the effects of Investors’ Financial Literacy on Securities Investment Decisions
Javad Moradi Mansoureh IzadiThe purpose of this paper is to investigate determinants of investment decisions cinonsidering financial literacy of the individual investors. A modified questionnaire developed and divided into three parts. The first part covers demographic variables. The second part i MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate determinants of investment decisions cinonsidering financial literacy of the individual investors. A modified questionnaire developed and divided into three parts. The first part covers demographic variables. The second part identifies factors affecting the investment decision of the investors. The third part is devoted to financial literacy using exam-type questions. A sample of 384 Iranian national investors is selected. The results indicate that there is a positive significant relationship between Individual imagination, accounting information, economic information, personal financial needs and investment decisions in Iran. There is a positive significant relationship between financial literacy and investment decisions in Iran, but this relationship is too weak and less than 10% of the variations of factors influencing investment decisions in Iran are explainable by the financial literacy level. In addition, the factors influencing investment decisions have greater sensitivity to financial literacy level in the field of nonfinancial jobs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Providing a Training model for Elementary school assistant principals Executing EFQM model in East Azarbijan, Iran based on an Assessment of Educational Needs
Jila Morsali Jahangir Yari Haj AtalooThe purpose of this study was to provide a Training model for Elementary school assistant principals Executing EFQM model in East Azarbijan, Iran based on an Assessment of Educational Needs. The research method was descriptive - survey. The statistical population includ MoreThe purpose of this study was to provide a Training model for Elementary school assistant principals Executing EFQM model in East Azarbijan, Iran based on an Assessment of Educational Needs. The research method was descriptive - survey. The statistical population included 53 elementary school assistant principals. All of the assistant principals were selected as the sample. For collecting data researchers made questionnaires, based on 10 axes of EFQM, was used. Their educational needs on the 10 axes of EFQM model were studied in three domains, knowledge, practice and attitude. The validity of the questionnaires was verified by the academics of educational administration. The reliability of them calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The reliability of knowledge domain was %90, practice domain was %97 and attitude domain was %97. According to Bartlets test, KMO index in all the domains were above 0/6. Friedman’s test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for analyzing data through SPSS and also exploratory factor analysis was used. Results showed that elementary school assistant principals in East Azarbijan need training in all the three domains based on EFQM model. There was a significant difference among the educational needs of them in three domains. Results also showed that in the knowledge and practice domains, the first educational need of assistant principals was in axis 3 of EFQM (establishing a learning - teaching system) and in attitude domain was in axis 4 of EFQM (developing student participation at school). At the end a model for training them was provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Sociology-spatial analysis of the culture model in the city (Case study of Arak)
Mehdi Mobaraki باقر ساروخانی منصور وثوقیIn this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a sociology-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), the culture of cultural consumption is exami MoreIn this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a sociology-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), the culture of cultural consumption is examined Issues such as urban development measures include policy-making, planning and implementation in the allocation and distribution of cultural facilities in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice in the city. In this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a sociology-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice, cultural consumption is examined. Issues such as urban development measures include policy-making, planning and implementation in the allocation and distribution of cultural facilities in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice in the city. The method of this study was a combination that in the quantitative part, data collection was done with a questionnaire and sampling method appropriate to the volume. In the quantitative part, information related to physical studies was performed with secondary analysis and then location. According to the results, the spatial distribution of culture in Arak is inefficient and unequal and faces serious shortcomings in the urban planning system in Arak in the regions and among residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Socio-spatial analysis of the objectified model of culture in the city (Case of study the five regions of Arak)
Mehdi Mobaraki Bagher Saroukhani Mansoor VosooghiIn this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a socio-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), the culture of cultural consumption is examined MoreIn this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a socio-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), the culture of cultural consumption is examined Issues such as urban development measures include policy-making, planning and implementation in the allocation and distribution of cultural facilities in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice in the city. In this article, the city is considered as a communication and social organization for the production of culture in a socio-spatial context. In the analysis of this organization (production, distribution and consumption), in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice, cultural consumption is examined. Issues such as urban development measures include policy-making, planning and implementation in the allocation and distribution of cultural facilities in order to understand the pattern of cultural justice in the city. The method of this study was a combination that in the quantitative part, data collection was done with a questionnaire and sampling method appropriate to the volume. In the quantitative part, information related to physical studies was performed with secondary analysis and then location. According to the results, the spatial distribution of culture in Arak is inefficient and unequal and faces serious shortcomings in the urban planning system in Arak in the regions and among residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Personality Psychology in Baqāya suwar (The Remnants of Tire) by: Hanna Mina and jāye khālyie soluch (Missing Soluch) by Mahmood Dovlatabadi, According to Maslow's Pyramid
koobra forootan aliasgharAliasghar Habibi Abdolbaset Arab YousefabadiPersonality psychology is one of the basic topics in psychology, on which traits and factors affecting the processes of thinking, emotion as well as normal or abnormal human behaviors are determined and the causes of human behavior in various situations are analyzed. So MorePersonality psychology is one of the basic topics in psychology, on which traits and factors affecting the processes of thinking, emotion as well as normal or abnormal human behaviors are determined and the causes of human behavior in various situations are analyzed. So far, several theories have been proposed regarding personality psychology, the most prominent of which is Abraham Maslow's Pyramid Theory due to its emphasis on the stages of personality development based on human five needs (physiological, security, dependence, self-esteem, self-fulfillment). Maslow believes that the process of meeting human needs has a hierarchical process that depends on the relative satisfaction of previous needs. Relying on a descriptive-analytical method and a comparative-interdisciplinary approach, the present study tries to analyze the various psychological and developmental dimensions of the characters in the novels Baqāya suwar (The Remnants of Tire) by: Hanna Mina and jāye khālyie soluch (Missing Soluch) by Mahmood Dovlatabadi to examine the growth rate of each character from the stage of physiological needs to the stage of self-fulfillment and the influence of various factors during each stage. The results show that none of the characters in the two novels reached the stage of self-fulfillment and even complete self-esteem; However, given that in the novel jāye khālyie soluch (Missing Soluch) there were more favorable social, economic and security conditions for the characters of the story than Baqāya suwar (The Remnants of Tire); Therefore, a relatively more suitable context for Maslow's motivational stages was provided for the characters of this novel. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigating the meta-needs and meta-harms in Saeb Tabrizi's personality based on allegorical verses of the poet's lyric poems based on the theory of humanistic psychologists
behzad pourrezaeyan Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni seyed jafar hamidi Ezat DireIn the present era, the nascent science of psychology has been able to rely on various theories of thinkers in this science, to provide new windows for researchers and critics, including the analysis of the inner worlds of writers of classical and contemporary texts in MoreIn the present era, the nascent science of psychology has been able to rely on various theories of thinkers in this science, to provide new windows for researchers and critics, including the analysis of the inner worlds of writers of classical and contemporary texts in the field of Persian literature. Is. Accordingly, the main structure of this article is formed with the above approach and pursues two main goals. The first is to discover and identify the needs and meta-harms of Saeb Tabrizi's personality based on humanistic theory and the second is to study Saeb's allegorical approach in expressing these characteristics. In order to achieve these two goals, the words and poems that the poet has dealt with in his lyric poetry due to two important features of the Indian style, namely eloquence and the discovery of new themes, have been used. In this method, 364 lyric poems from The divan has been selected and examined based on Morgan table and using simple random sampling from among 6995 sonnets. Accordingly, after expressing information about allegory, its function and branches, the subject of personality and its meaning are explained, and then 18 cases of paralysis and meta-harm mentioned by Maslow are extracted from Saeb's court and his allegorical approach in expressing this characteristic Have been reviewed and analyzed. In this research, which has a descriptive-analytical approach, while explaining the limitations and meta-harms of the poet's personality as a self-fulfilling human being, an attempt has been made to answer the basic question of whether Saeb succeeds in using an allegorical approach to express the issues and meta-harms of his personality. have been? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The effect of teacher autonomy support and causality orientations of autonomy on educational alienation of second grade high school students with mediating role basic psychological needs
Javad keyhan mehdi KazemzadehbeytaliThe main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of teacher autonomy support, causality orientations of autonomy, basic psychological needs and the high school educational alienation in the form of a causal model. This descriptive-correlational study was a MoreThe main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of teacher autonomy support, causality orientations of autonomy, basic psychological needs and the high school educational alienation in the form of a causal model. This descriptive-correlational study was a structural equation modeling using path analysis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female high school students who were studying in the city of Urmia in 2015-2016. A total of 300 people were selected using random cluster sampling Which was used to determine the sample size from the Morgan table. Data were gathered throughstandard questionnaires of; Educational alienation (Dillon and Grout, 1976), Basic psychological needs (La Guardia and Couchman, 2000), Teacher autonomy support (Black and Deci, 2000), and Orientation causal of autonomous (Rose, Markland and Parfitt, 2001). Data using path analysis, were analyzed. The results of this study showed that support for teacher autonomy and autonomous locus of control have a significant positive effect on basic psychological needs (P<0.01). Basic psychological needs of students with alienation have a significant negative effect (P<0.01). Supporting teacher autonomy and autonomous locus of controlhave a significant negative impact on students academic alienation (P<0.01). Finally, the basic psychological need the effect between teacher autonomy support and autonomous causal tendenciesplay a mediating role with alienation from school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Validation of the Revised Family Needs Survey (R-FNS) Scale for Families with Children with Special Needs
Hamideh Soleimani Laaya BashashThe aim of this study was to determine the validation of the Revised Family Needs Survey(R-FNS) Scale for families with children with special needs. The research method was descriptive-validation through development and validation of an instrument. The sample consiste MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the validation of the Revised Family Needs Survey(R-FNS) Scale for families with children with special needs. The research method was descriptive-validation through development and validation of an instrument. The sample consisted of 100 families of special needs children who were selected from the special schools by available sampling method in the 2009 -2010 (1388-89s.c ) academic year . Measuring instruments were the Revised Family Needs Survey (R-FNS) Scale (Bailey & Simeonsson , 1995), and Family Needs Scale for Iranian Families (Nasiri and Samani, 2008/1387s.c.). To assess the results of the study, the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS-16) was used. Test of the internal consistency of the (R-FNS) scale, revealed that all 35 items for mothers (α= 0.86), and for fathers (α= 0.81) were highly correlated with the total score. A re-administration of the measure 3 month later yielded high correlation (P < 0.001). Results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that all the variables are normally distributed . Content validity of the scale according to kendall's coefficients of concordance for its subscales and total scores were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that there are significant differences between mothers and fathers groups in information, family & social support, financial, explaining to others and child care components (P < 0.001). The significant correlations between the components and the total scores of (R-FNS) scale with ( IFSN ) scale w ere convenient and confirmed its validity. The finding showed that Persian version of (R-FNS) has good psychometrics properties in measuring the needs of families of children with special need . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of problem solving training with emphasis on choice theory on couples communication patterns
حسین کشاورز افشار مسعود اسدی زهرا جهان بخشی مهدی خاص محمدیThe purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of problem solving training with emphasis on basic needs of choice theory on couple’s communication patterns. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest- posttest, and the statistic MoreThe purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of problem solving training with emphasis on basic needs of choice theory on couple’s communication patterns. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest- posttest, and the statistical population was the couple’s residence in Karaj city, among them 12 couples (6 couples in control group and 6 couples in experimental group) were selected via voluntarily sampling method, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The assessment tool was Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Sullaway, 1984) and data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was significant difference between experimental and control group in communication patterns such as constructive, mutual avoidance, total of withdrawal /demand, demand male/withdrawal female and demand female/withdrawal male (P < 0/05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Comparing Social Support and Social Anxiety between Mothers of Children with Special Needs and Mothers of Normal Children
mahnaz jadidi soheila safary سالار فرامرزی maryam jadidi somayeh jamaliThe purpose of this study was to compare social support and social anxiety of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and autism with mothers of normal children in Isfahan in 2013 (1392s.c.). A causal-comparative study was used in this research. The resea MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare social support and social anxiety of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and autism with mothers of normal children in Isfahan in 2013 (1392s.c.). A causal-comparative study was used in this research. The research sample which was selected randomly consisted of 90 mothers of children with special needs (30 mothers of children with down syndrome, 30 mothers of children with autism and 30 mothers of children with cerebral palsy) and 30 mothers of normal children attending primary schools in Isfahan. To collect the data, Social Support Questionnaire (Norbeck,1981) and Social Phobia Inventory (Conner et al., 2000) were used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences between mothers of children with special needs and mothers of normal children in social support and social anxiety (P < 0.001). Furthermore, comparisons showed that mothers having a child with autism suffered the social anxiety more than mothers having a child with Down syndrome or a child with cerebral palsy (P < 0.001). Finally mothers of children with autism experienced the highest level of social anxiety compared to the rest of mothers studied in the research (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Divorce prediction based on individual beliefs of personality, basic needs and traps of life
Feizollah Rahimi hamid atashpuor Mohsen GolparvarThe purpose of this research was Divorce prediction based on individual beliefs of personality, basic needs and traps of life. In this study, the path-based correlation method was used to explain the chain and multilevel patterns correlations. The statistical population MoreThe purpose of this research was Divorce prediction based on individual beliefs of personality, basic needs and traps of life. In this study, the path-based correlation method was used to explain the chain and multilevel patterns correlations. The statistical population included all couples applying for divorce in the winter of 2018 in Isfahan city . A sample of 329 subjects (178 women and 151 men) were selected by available sampling method. The research instrument were: Personality Belief Questionnaire (Beck, 2015), Adaptive basic needs Inventory (Sahebi,1390), Life Tra (Young, 1994), Divorce Desire Questionnaire. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics and regression analysis were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and a significant level of P≤0.05 was considered.The results of regression analysis showed that among all the predictive variables used in this study, the individual beliefs of the personality (β =-. 199), the intensity of the need for Fun & enjoyment (β = -.162), and the Entitlement & Grandiosity of life (β=-.142) is able to explain 61.5% of the tendency to divorce variance (p≤0.05). Overall, the results of this study show that in order to manage and control the desire to divorce, divorce prevention process is required to emphasize the role of individual beliefs in Histrionic Personality, the Fun & enjoyment, and the trap of, Entitlement & Grandiosity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - studying the relationship between of Basic psychological needs satisfaction and the Emotional Regulation disorder with the mediation of early maladaptive schemas at Bu-AliSina university students
amir shabani khadiv hamzeh ahmadiyanThe aim of the present study was studing the relationship between satisfaction of Basic psychological needs and the Emotional Regulation disorders with the mediation of early maladaptive schemas, among the students.The statistical population of this study consisted of a MoreThe aim of the present study was studing the relationship between satisfaction of Basic psychological needs and the Emotional Regulation disorders with the mediation of early maladaptive schemas, among the students.The statistical population of this study consisted of all undergraduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University who were studying in 1393 in seven faculties of chemistry, basic sciences, engineering and engineering, economics and social sciences, literature and humanities, art and architecture and agriculture., Are formed. (N=700). The design of this research is descriptive and research method has been correlated. To do so, we selected 364 students (166 females and 198 males) using multiphase cluster sampling. All the students were studying in BA degree at Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Iran. The study was conducted using a descriptive-correlative design. We used Fundamental Mental Needs' scale proposed by Gardia, Dessie and Ryan (2000), Young's early maladaptive schemas­ (1998), and Emotional regulation disorder (2004) to collect data. Research design was descriptive and its method was correlational.To analyze the data, we used structural equation model, correlation coefficient and T-test by using Amos 16 soft ware.The results showed that the empirical model of the ­data had a good fit with the conceptual model. According to the results­, autonomy (0/003) and competence(p as two componets of fundamental mental needs ­scale can influence the emotional adjustment disorder, in both direct and indirect ways.More over, The need to autonomy(0/011) and competence(0/02) ­can influence the early maladaptiveschemas­. In general according to the results, with decreasing the range of fundamental needs satisfaction, the more maladaptiveschemas­ will be made and finally some more disorders in emotional regulation would be emerged. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Relationship of Supervisor Support for Basic Psychological Needs and Need Satisfaction with Work Motivation in Staff and Line Employees in Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company
Noori Kaabomeir Nasrin Arshadi Ali HarizaviThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship model of supervisor support for basic psychological needs, need satisfaction, and job motivation in staff and line employees in Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company. The participants of this study consisted of MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship model of supervisor support for basic psychological needs, need satisfaction, and job motivation in staff and line employees in Marun Oil and Gas Producing Company. The participants of this study consisted of 246 employees, who were selected by a stratified random sampling method. The instruments used in the study were Need Support at Work Scale (Tafvelin & Stenling, 2018), Need Satisfaction at Work Scale (Tafvelin & Stenling, 2018), and Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale (Gagné et al., 2015). Structural equation modeling (SEM) through AMOS-24 was used for the proposed model analysis. Also, to compare the proposed model between staff and line employees, the multi-group structural equation modeling analysis was used in AMOS-24 software. The results showed a good fit of the proposed model with the data. According to the results, the supervisor support for the basic psychological needs of employees has a direct and significant effect on the need satisfaction, autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation of them (p<0.01). The results also supported the indirect effect of supervisor support of basic psychological needs on autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation through the satisfaction of psychological needs (p<0.001). Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the model of staff and line employees (p<0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Psychometric Properties of the Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships with Friends Scale in University Students
Farhad Tanhaye Reshvanloo Talieh Saeidi Rezvani Hadi Samadiye Hossein KareshkiThe purpose of this study was to validate and evaluate the factor structure of the scale of The Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships with Friends Scale in students. In a descriptive and validation study, 172 and 228 students from Birjand University were selected thr MoreThe purpose of this study was to validate and evaluate the factor structure of the scale of The Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships with Friends Scale in students. In a descriptive and validation study, 172 and 228 students from Birjand University were selected through multi-stage random sampling method and completed the Basic Need Satisfaction in Relationships Scale (La Guardia et al. 2000), Life Satisfaction Test (Diener et al. 1985), The Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (Ditommaso et al. 2004), and Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (Lovibond, & Lovibond, 1995). Internal consistency, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and constructive validity was evaluated using SPSS.16 and AMOS.24 software. The results showed that the scale had three-factor structure with the variance explained 70.92%. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis confirmed. The scale had good construction reliability. The convergent validity confirmed in relation to life satisfaction and its divergent validity in relation to the social loneliness and depression (P≤0.01). There was no significant difference based on age, gender and marital status (P>0.05). It seems that the basic need satisfaction in relationships with friends scale has a good reliability and validity in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Effect of Mindful Self-Compassion Therapy on the Interpersonal Needs among Patient with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with Suicidal Thoughts
samira rahmani Sodabeh Bassak nasrin arshadi Edward SelbyOCD is a severe and debilitating psychological condition that affects the quality of life and overall performance of patients and their family members, leading to interpersonal problems, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness in patients. So, the purpose of this rese MoreOCD is a severe and debilitating psychological condition that affects the quality of life and overall performance of patients and their family members, leading to interpersonal problems, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness in patients. So, the purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of mindful self-compassion therapy on the interpersonal needs among the patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder having suicidal thoughts.The sample of research consisted of 3 female patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Ahvaz city in 2019. They were asked to fill in the scales Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive (1989), The Suicidal Ideation (Rudd, 1989) and Interpersonal Needs (Van Orden, Cukrowicz, Witte & Joiner, 2012).The mindful self-compassion therapy protocol was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 to 120 minutes hours and the test was performed in three phase of baseline, after testing and a 3-month follow-up and the obtained data were analyzed by visual representation, reliable change index and improvement percentage formula. According to the findings of study, mindful self-compassion therapy had a significant effect on reducing the thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. The 3-month follow-up plan established that the treatment changes were stable for the thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness. This approach by preventing the avoidance of painful thoughts and emotions caused by the disorder and the growth of a sense of belonging to others and a social bond with them leads to resilience and prevents the occurrence of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness during times of psychological distress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Relationship Between Psychosocial Needs and Job Performance in Iranian Automotive-Industries Employees: Examining the Moderating Role of Mood
Marziyeh Posti Hadi FarhadiThis study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychosocial needs and job performance and the role of mood adjustment in employees of Tehran automotive industry. The research was quantitative and correlational. The study population included all shift w MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the relationship between psychosocial needs and job performance and the role of mood adjustment in employees of Tehran automotive industry. The research was quantitative and correlational. The study population included all shift workers of three car companies, which were 1290 people and 660 people were selected by systematic random method and after completing the questionnaires, 437 questionnaires were completed. Research of three questionnaires: Positive and Negative Emotion (Watson, Clark & Telgen, 1997), Psychosocial Factors of the Workplace in the comprehensive guide to workplace assessment in Iran (2011) and Job Performance (Herci & Goldsmith, 1980) was used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results showed that psychosocial needs are related to job performance and there is a positive relationship between positive mood and job performance and a negative relationship between negative mood and job performance (p <0.001). Also, positive and negative mood in the relationship between psychological needs - Social and job performance have a moderating role (p = 0.00). As a result, while addressing psychosocial needs can lead to high job performance among employees, it is important to pay attention to emotional issues and create high positive mood and lack of negative mood to increase job performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The effect of psychological capital, trust in organization and transformational leadership on thriving at work: The mediating role of basic psychological needs
GHAZALEH HAYAVI Asie moradi Khodamorad Momeni Nasrin shadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological capital, trust in organization and transformational leadership, considering the mediating role of basic psychological needs. The participants of this study were 418 employees of NISOC who were sele MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychological capital, trust in organization and transformational leadership, considering the mediating role of basic psychological needs. The participants of this study were 418 employees of NISOC who were selected through stratified random sampling method. The direct effects of basic psychological needs, psychological capital and trust in organization on thriving at work were significant but the direct effect of transformational leadership on thriving at work was not supported. The indirect effects of psychological capital, trust in organization and transformational leadership on thriving at work through basic psychological needs were supported. According to findings of this study, practices for increasing of psychological capital and trust in organization should be considered by organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - From an Appraisal of Iranian ESP Courses to Curriculum Development
Ali Khodi -
Open Access Article
44 - Stuck in the Gap: EAP Needs Assessment of Undergraduate Students of Computer Science
Nafiseh Hosseinpour Mansoor Koosha -
Open Access Article
45 - An Evaluation of English Textbooks Used in Iranian High Schools: Teachers’ and Learners’ Attitudes
Firouzeh Torki Azizeh Chalak -
Open Access Article
46 - A students' Needs-analysis Study of Translation Studies Curriculum offered at Master’s level in Iranian Universities
Navid Nasrollahi Shahri Zahra Barzakhi Farimani -
Open Access Article
47 - The Impact of a Custom-Made Vocabulary Application on the Vocabulary Recognition of Iranian EFL Learners
Faramarz Kazemainy Hamed Barjesteh Nassim Golaghaei Atefeh Nasrollahi Mouziraji -
Open Access Article
48 - Investigating the English Specific Needs of the M.A Students of Ancient Iran History
Sedigheh Vahdat Asra Basiri Zohreh Gooniband Shooshtari Farshid Naderi -
Open Access Article
49 - Choice Theory and L2 Learners’ Engagement, Satisfaction, and Performance
Shahram Ebrahimi Ahmadabad Afsar Rouhi Hossein Sadeghoghli -
Open Access Article
50 - Identifying Wants, Lacks, and Necessities of International Banking Division Clerks: An English Needs Analysis Survey in the Iranian ESP Context
Sajad Pirmoradian Azizeh Chalak Hossein Heidari Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
51 - Investigating the English-Specific Needs of the M.A Students of Sports Science in Iran
Sedigheh Vahdat Zohreh Gooniband Shooshtari Niloofar Bina Masoud Nikbakht -
Open Access Article
52 - Developing a Model to Explain and Predict of Academic Achievement Based on Psychological Basic Needs and Motivation of Academic Achievement
Heshmat olah Mahmodi Nasr Ollah Erfani Hossein MohagheghiThe aim of this study is to examine the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and achievement motivation with students’ academic achievement. Through correlation study of structural equation modeling selected 248 students in the first grade o MoreThe aim of this study is to examine the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction and achievement motivation with students’ academic achievement. Through correlation study of structural equation modeling selected 248 students in the first grade of secondary schools in Asadabad city by using cluster multiple stage sampling. To check tools validity, used exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and to ensure reliability used Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The coefficient reliability of psychological basic needs questionnaire was 0.77 and for academic achievement motivation was 0.78. Results show that the model has goodness of fit with data. Direct effects of amotivation on academic achievement, autonomy on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and competence on the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation was significant. Total effect of competence on academic achievement was significant. Based on the developed model, psychological basic needs, and academic achievement motivation could have explain 33 percent of the variance of academic achievement. Therefor, it can be concluded that achievement motivation (amotivation) has mediating role between psychological basic needs, and academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Identification and prioritization of educational needs criteria teaching skills of faculty members based on employment and employee model : A case study at Shiraz University
Jafar Torkzadeh Reza Naseri Jaromi Hadi RahmaniThe purpose of this study was identifying and prioritizing the educational needs of Shiraz University faculty members. Statistical population of this study was consisted of all Shiraz University faculty members at 2011-12 academic year. 223 faculty members were selected MoreThe purpose of this study was identifying and prioritizing the educational needs of Shiraz University faculty members. Statistical population of this study was consisted of all Shiraz University faculty members at 2011-12 academic year. 223 faculty members were selected with random class sampling method. For identifying the certain training needs, employment and employee analysis model was used and were prioritized by multi-factor method. In order to identify the normative training needs, a questionnaire was used, which was designed based on the identified certain training needs. The validity of normative training needs questionnaire was calculated by exploratory factor analysis method. Total reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s Alpha method equal to 0.87. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the normative educational needs of the faculty members according to various academic ranks and considering service history. It was suggested that identifying certain training needs as the basis of periodical training needs of the faculty members. Based on this fact, training programs were designed and implemented focused on various academic ranks and service history. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Needs Analysis Based on Evaluation of High School Principals and Board of Education Staffs Familiarity with IT in Isfahan During the Academic Year of 2004 - 2005
Manijeh Rozbehi Gholamreza AhmadiIn the present study, an attempt is made to provide a needs analysis based on evaluation of high school principals and board of Education staffs familiarity with IT in Isfahan During the academic year of 2004 - 2005. The needs analysis covers such different categories a MoreIn the present study, an attempt is made to provide a needs analysis based on evaluation of high school principals and board of Education staffs familiarity with IT in Isfahan During the academic year of 2004 - 2005. The needs analysis covers such different categories as computer, information networks, electronic government and computer tools. The research method utilized in the study was a descriptive survey. The population sample was randomly selected (180) from among all high school principals and Board of Education staff in Isfahan during the academic year 2004 - 2005 . The procedure was a structured twenty two item questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The objective was to measure the extent to which high school principals and board of Education staff in Isfahan are familiar with It and / or need to increase their IT literacy. The reliability of questionnaire was estimated, >/85 and >/90 respectively. In this study, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the obtained data including: one-variable and independent variable t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the tukey test. The research findings revealed that the degree of Isfahan Board of education staffs knowledge of IT is more than of high school principals concerning information networks, e-government and computer tools. In addition, the results further indicated that the knowledge of subjects on computer was at a peak, while their knowledge about the influence of Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Responsiveness Rates of Religion and Life curriculum to Social and Emotional Needs of High School Students
رضاعلی نوروزی سمیه صیادی شهرکی محمدرضا مرادیThe purpose of this paper was analyzing the content of religious books and revealing the strengths and weaknesses of the curriculum in terms of fitting with the social and emotional needs of the learners. In this study, all three religions and life books of high school MoreThe purpose of this paper was analyzing the content of religious books and revealing the strengths and weaknesses of the curriculum in terms of fitting with the social and emotional needs of the learners. In this study, all three religions and life books of high school were considered and by using content analysis, books on two major components of social and emotional needs and 35 sub-components individually for each subject as the unit of analysis were considered. According to the obtained findings, the highest frequency was related to the third-grade textbook of faith and life with 387 cases. Among these, the highest frequency component was in addressing the family and marriage with 20.91% and the lowest component were in education of spirit trust, expression of social relations and etiquette, dealing with marriage and family, explanation of moral corruption and explaining the instinctive needs with 0.258 percent. There were 340 frequencies in the second-grade textbook of religion and life and among them, the highest frequency components was related to explaining the death and resurrection with 20.91% and the lowest frequency was related to explanation of respecting the rights of others and explaining the need for religion and the divine messages with about 0.227%. The third-grade textbook was addressed social and emotional needs more than the other books, but in general, all of the books were addressing the social and emotional needs at a lower level. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the textbooks to meet the social and emotional needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Assessing experiential methods of communicating between technical and vocational training and labor market in Iran
Hossein AbdollahiThe purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship situation between technical and vocational training and labor market and explaining an appropriat mechanism for communicating with working environment in Iran. The research method was scientific-surveyab MoreThe purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship situation between technical and vocational training and labor market and explaining an appropriat mechanism for communicating with working environment in Iran. The research method was scientific-surveyable and to collect data analysis documents and research-scientific reports from structeured interviews with selected experts in curriculum, educational planning, and executive of technical and vocational training has been used. The findings showed there are no effective mechanisms in order to communicat between technical and vocational training and labor markets. Other important findings of this research are: the essential of revising needs assessment methods and skills stadards, developing job culture, emphasing on the skillful and practical aspects in education in comparison with theoretic education, the essentials of and industrial govermntal organizations in real cooperation with technical and vocational training, technical and vocational training development the in macro-plan frame of Iran’s social, cultural, and economical development and refusing the quantity development of technical and vocational training Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Analysis of the components of inclusive education for students with special needs In Iranian
Hayedeh Behboodi mojtaba moazzami Seyed Mahmoud HashemiThe purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions and components of inclusive education for students with special needs in education. The research method was qualitative, which was done descriptively and content analysis with heuristic inductive approach. In this MoreThe purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions and components of inclusive education for students with special needs in education. The research method was qualitative, which was done descriptively and content analysis with heuristic inductive approach. In this study, until data saturation, 10 experts and professors of exceptional child psychology and educational management who had previously done research in the field of inclusive education and educational and cultural policy for exceptional children were selected and semi-structured interviews were conducted with them. Also, data analysis was performed with open, axial and selective coding using MAXQDA 2018 software. The obtained results were identified as a total of 7 dimensions, 16 components and 40 indicators for inclusive education in education. in between the dimensions of training and empowerment of the forces through holding training courses. Therefore, it is worthwhile to identify the existing conflicts by using the results of this research and their application in provincial and staff planning and in order to create equal educational opportunities for all children and students with special needs, measures should be taken to include all people from different cultures and social levels with a wide range of abilities and disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Types of e-learning and Expert-Based Evaluation
Mostafa jafari khadijeh chenari Shokouh Nourizadeh Vahed DehkordiNowadays, countries must be able to live and interact in the digital world and be able to interact with people and institutions in cyberspace. The subject of this article is to introduce the components of the e-learning model. This issue has already been studied in diff MoreNowadays, countries must be able to live and interact in the digital world and be able to interact with people and institutions in cyberspace. The subject of this article is to introduce the components of the e-learning model. This issue has already been studied in different articles and given different aspects. In this paper, the components of e-learning and relationships between them are introduced using a mixed qualitative research method and by receiving the opinions of the elites and summarizing them. Scholars in the field of education believe that principled planning for education in any environment, age, subject and context requires a redefinition of principles in the three bases. These three pillars are needs assessment, training and evaluation. In the present study, each of these factors is examined and the general components of the e-learning model are introduced along with the relationships between them. Also, in this paper, different types of offline and online e-learning are classified and the differences of some previous categories are reported. According to the results of this study, expert-based evaluation method is more appropriate for this problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Research Needs Assessment as an Essential Proceeding in Urban Management (Case Study: Isfahan)
Mansoureh Kianersi Zeinab TalebiriziResearch plays a significant role in the advancement of societies, technological and methodological maturity, and the economic development of nations and states. Among various community practices, it is considered one of the most influential factors. Several key factors MoreResearch plays a significant role in the advancement of societies, technological and methodological maturity, and the economic development of nations and states. Among various community practices, it is considered one of the most influential factors. Several key factors contribute to the findings of research studies, including needs assessment and research prioritization, close collaboration between researchers and implementers, evaluation of the extent of needs assessment, and the benefits of research results. To improve the quality of urban management, it is crucial to make informed decisions based on a thorough understanding of existing realities. This necessitates conducting practical and precise studies. Municipalities hold great importance as organizations responsible for city administration and development. Therefore, it is essential to consider their actions and initiatives in enhancing and constructing cities. The present study focuses on the needs assessment in urban management and examines the recurring patterns of research needs assessment in the municipality of Isfahan. The research commenced by identifying relevant subjects such as needs, research needs, and research needs assessment. Following that, the municipality of Isfahan was selected as the case study, and the content of the interviews was analyzed and coded. Additionally, experts and specialists provided further insights through questionnaires. Upon analyzing the questionnaire responses, the study highlights the main reasons for research failures and the impracticality of many studies. One of the contributing factors is the general lack of interest in research, particularly in needs assessment. Two primary factors stand out: the inadequate recognition and definition of research at different levels of the municipality, and the absence of a well-defined and executable phase in research. Furthermore, the research procedure in projects conducted by the municipality of Isfahan revealed existing problems, primarily stemming from weaknesses in the needs assessment. The study also identified flaws in the comprehensive database of research studies, as well as the need for adaptability to changing needs and future perspectives. In summary, research holds immense value in societal advancements, technology, and economic development. Effective needs assessment, collaboration between researchers and implementers, and evaluation of research results are crucial factors in conducting meaningful studies. For urban management to improve, decision-making must be based on practical and precise research. The study specifically examines the needs assessment in the municipality of Isfahan, emphasizing the importance of defining research, designing executable phases, and addressing existing issues in research procedures and data management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - تحلیل و بررسی نیازهای دانش آموزان ایرانی پایه دهم در یادگیری زبان
Fatemeh Mohammadi Sadegh در این پژوهش، نیازهای یادگیری زبان آموزان ایرانی پایه دهم مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. با وجود نقش مهم تجزیه و تحلیل نیازها در یادگیری زبان، تلاشی برای بررسی نیازهای فعلی یادگیری زبان دانش آموزان پایه دهم نشده است و ظاهرا این نیازها در حال حاضر شناخته شده نیستن More در این پژوهش، نیازهای یادگیری زبان آموزان ایرانی پایه دهم مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. با وجود نقش مهم تجزیه و تحلیل نیازها در یادگیری زبان، تلاشی برای بررسی نیازهای فعلی یادگیری زبان دانش آموزان پایه دهم نشده است و ظاهرا این نیازها در حال حاضر شناخته شده نیستند. از اینرو، این تحقیق نیازهای فعلی یادگیری زبان دانش آموزان پایه دهم را به بررسی و بحث گذاشت. همچنین، این پروژه پر اهمیت ترین و کم اهمیت ترین نیازهای یادگیری زبان آموزان را مشخص کرد. بدین منظور داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه جمع آوری شدند. 250 نفر از زبان آموزان دبیرستان های مختلف برای پاسخ به پرسشنامه انتخاب شدند . پرسشنامه هفت متغیر مربوط به نیازهای یادگیری زبان را مورد بررسی قرار داد و میزان اهمیت آن ها توسط دانش آموزان پایه دهم مشخص شد. با توجه به اطلاعات به دست آمده، از دیدگاه زبان آموزان با اهمیت ترین نیاز یادگیری زبان آموزان، «مهارت شنیدن» ، و کم اهمیت ترین آن به «نقش های زبانی» اختصاص داده شد. امید است که یافتههای این پژوهش به معلمان، دانشآموزان و محققانی که علاقهمند به ارزیابی مؤثر نیازهای یادگیری زبان هستند و همچنین مدیرانی که مسئول سازماندهی و اجرای آنها هستند کمک کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - EFL Teachers' Professional Development Needs: A Comparative Phenomenological Analysis for Face-to-Face and Online Instruction
Hossein Isaee Hamed Barjesteh -
Open Access Article
62 - The Use of Supplementary Materials by Iranian EFL Teachers at High Schools for Talented Students
Masoomeh Salehi Mostafa Zamanian -
Open Access Article
63 - The Role of New Materials and Interior Architecture in Improving the Quality of Interior Architecture with Emphasis on the Psychological Needs of Women
Mohammad Mehdi Moulaii Arezoo LotfiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of new materials and interior architecture in improving the quality of interior space with emphasis on the psychological needs of women. The research statistical universe included all the references and texts on new MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of new materials and interior architecture in improving the quality of interior space with emphasis on the psychological needs of women. The research statistical universe included all the references and texts on new materials and interior architecture. The sample encompassed the interior architecture with emphasis on the psychological needs of women. The research design was descriptive-analytical. Data were collected through library methods and research databases related to the field of modern interior architecture. The extracted data were then interpreted and described according to the psychological needs of women. The results showed that in the past, Iranian housing paid more attention to the needs and spiritual desires of women and engaged in their daily activities with complete freedom and peace of mind, but today, with a more advanced life and a greater impact of living costs on beauty, the spirit and diversity left the houses and have been replaced by monotony and daily life routines. The dual effect of interior architecture approach on the quality of interior spaces through correct and logical design in accordance with women's physics and reasonable choice of materials appropriate to their mood and mentality, could provide a suitable environment in accordance with the psychological needs of women in residential spaces. Therefore, the main goal could be achieved by using light and warm colors (vibrant colors orange, light red, lemon) on large surfaces and not using dark and opaque colors in small spaces. Also, observing the height proportions and dimensions of the space and breaking the symmetry in order to prevent uniformity in the space could be helpful. And the use of new materials in the floor, ceiling and walls to control the heat and variety in texture, color and shape, change in shapes and home furniture facilitated the dynamism and facilitation of life and daily life for women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Hierarchy of Women's Needs in Iranian Old Stories Based on Maslow's Pyramid
Zeyanab Barzegar maher Khodabakhsh AsadollahiThe aim of the current research was to investigate the hierarchy of women's needs in ancient Iranian stories based on Abraham Maslow's pyramid. The research universe included all ancient Iranian stories. The sample of the research embraced the stories of Kalileh and Dem MoreThe aim of the current research was to investigate the hierarchy of women's needs in ancient Iranian stories based on Abraham Maslow's pyramid. The research universe included all ancient Iranian stories. The sample of the research embraced the stories of Kalileh and Demeneh, Marzbannameh, Bakhtiyarnameh, Sindbadnameh and Samak Ayar, based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs in women. The research method was descriptive and analytical. Library method was used to collect data and old Iranian stories and themes related to women's needs based on Abraham Maslow's pyramid were reviewed. Then the collected data was compared and psychologically analyzed, then finally a specific pattern of women's needs was drawn. The results showed that: the existence of different characters, including women's characters and different behaviors, provided the basis for the psychological analysis of the texts. Regarding to this, the psychological needs of women in ancient stories, including the stories of Kalila and Demaneh, Marzbannameh, Bakhtiyarnameh, Sindbadnameh and Samak Ayar, according to their motivation and the level of their inner satisfaction with life was categorized based on the Maslow's pyramid of basic needs (biological needs, need for safety, need for love and affiliation, need for self-esteem and need for self-actualization). Biological needs, which are at the base of Maslow's pyramid were reflected in some of the stories of Kalila and Demeneh, Marzbannameh and Sinbadnameh. Women's need for love, affiliation to others and safety" had been considered in the next levels of the pyramid. Also, in the stories of Kalila and Demeneh, Marzban Nameh and Samak Ayar, there were rflections of self-actualization. In other words, the needs of women in old stories can be categorized based on Abraham Maslow's pyramid of needs. According to Maslow, meeting the needs of each category provides the basis for the emergence of the needs of higher categories. Based on this, in order to flourish and be creative in women, the biological and safety needs must be met first. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The Role of Emotion Cognitive Regulation in Relationship between Coping Practices and Social Health in Employees of Mothers of Children with special needs
navid Noori Reza GolpoorAim: Cognitive regulation of emotion plays an important role in social relationships and can affect the social health of society. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between coping method MoreAim: Cognitive regulation of emotion plays an important role in social relationships and can affect the social health of society. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between coping methods and social health in mothers of children with special needs. Method: The present research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method, and the statistical population of this research was all mothers with children with special needs in Nowshahr city. The sample size was 148 people who were selected by simple random sampling based on Morgan's table. In order to collect research data, Lazarus and Folkman (1988) Coping Style Questionnaire, Gross and John (2003) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Keyes Social Health Questionnaire (2004) were used. In order to analyze the data, mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and path analysis were used with SPSS version 24 and Amos version 23 software. Findings: The results showed that the cognitive regulation of emotion has a mediating role in the relationship between coping methods and social health (p<0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the cognitive regulation of emotion plays a mediating role in the relationship between coping methods and social health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - بررسی رژیم آبی جریان ورودی به تالاب بامدژ به منظور تدوین الگوی مدیریت محیط زیست پایدار
معصومه کمالی کاظم حمادی فروزان فرخیاندر سال­های اخیر توسعه طرح­های منابع آب و کشاورزی، توسعه جوامع انسانی، پدیده تغییر اقلیم و خشکسالی بیشترین اثرات محیط زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی را در کشورهای در حال توسعه و حتی صنعتی بجا گذاشته است. تالاب بامدژ با وسعتی حدود 4000 هکتار در جنوب غرب خوزستان واقع شده Moreدر سال­های اخیر توسعه طرح­های منابع آب و کشاورزی، توسعه جوامع انسانی، پدیده تغییر اقلیم و خشکسالی بیشترین اثرات محیط زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی را در کشورهای در حال توسعه و حتی صنعتی بجا گذاشته است. تالاب بامدژ با وسعتی حدود 4000 هکتار در جنوب غرب خوزستان واقع شده که از رودخانه شاوور تغذیه می­شود. به نظر می­رسد مدیریت محیط زیست پایدار تالاب بستگی به شناخت عوامل محیطی شامل پارامترهای دخیل در تکوین جریان حوضه ی آبریز مشرف به آن دارد. این تالاب به همراه رودخانه شاوور میدان تحقیق حاضر را تشکیل میدهند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رژیم کمی و کیفی جریان آب ورودی به تالاب بامدژ و ارائه یک الگوی مناسب مصرف آب به منظور بهبود مدیریت محیط زیست تالاب صورت گرفته است. در تحلیل مقدماتی به نظر رسید که سری سالانه جریان ورودی به تالاب از دو سری نمونه مجزا شکل گرفته است. در ادامه کار سری اولیه داده­ها و دو سری نمونه به طور جداگانه تحلیل شده­اند. جهت تحلیل آماری و نشان دادن تمایز دو سری نمونه از یکدیگر از نرم­افزار آماری SPSS بهره­گرفته شد. به تبع سری سالانه جریان، مقادیرکیفیت آن نیز مورد توجه قرار گرفته و به عبارتی برای پارامترهای کیفی همچون EC،TDS، مجموع کاتیون­ها، مجموع آنیون­ها وpH دو سری مجزا مطابق رژیم جریان و یک سری کلی استخراج و مورد تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند. که اکثر نتایج نشانگر اختلاف معنی دار دو سری آماری بودند. بر این اساس یک الگوی مدیریتی محیط زیست تالاب با تاکید بر کمیت و کیفیت جریان ورودی به تالاب ارائه شد. این پارامترها شامل آبدهی قابل برنامه ریزی معادل 600 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز شرب 3 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز صنعت 7 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز آبزی پروری 25 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز کشاورزی 500 میلیون مترمکعب، نیاز زیست محیطی هیدرولوژیکی 142 میلیون مترمکعب می­باشد. رعایت الگوی فوق ضمن تامین نیازهای بالا دست مانند کشاورزی و آبزی پروری، نیازهای زیست محیطی تالاب را تامین کرده و موجب پایداری سیستم تالاب می گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Product Design Using QFD-AHP Method
Ali Atashsooz Esmaeol Mazroui Nasrabadi Mandana BordbarThe carpet industry is one the oldest industries in Iran and like every other industry, paying attention to consumers' needs is a vital factor. Therefore, always many courses of action have been used for understanding the voice of customers. Many researchers have studie MoreThe carpet industry is one the oldest industries in Iran and like every other industry, paying attention to consumers' needs is a vital factor. Therefore, always many courses of action have been used for understanding the voice of customers. Many researchers have studied to improve these solutions. Quality function deployment (QFD) is one of the famous ways to understand the voice of customer (VOC). Some of the researchers have investigated to boost the QFD technique and the integrated model of QFD with analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is one of their findings. Beside many modifications in this model, there are some deficiencies. So, in this research, we use the modified model of QFD and AHP to know the desires of carpet customers. This research is done in Shayesteh Carpet Company located in Kashan city. The research aim is to study the product design and development. The necessary data has been gathered via some interviews and questionnaires from QFD team as well as the customers. Moreover, the first two matrixes of four matrixes QFD have been applied. The findings demonstrate some desires important to customers such as carpet lifetime and fixed quality in washing. Also, the product development matrix showed that the high of pile and weft have high significance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The causal relationship between resilient and psychological needs with mental health with the mediating role of family function in mothers with exceptional children
Maryam Nasiri saeed bakhtiar pourThe purpose of this study was to investigate The causal relationship among resilient and psychological needs with mental health with the mediating role of family function in mothers with exceptional children. For this purpose, 100 mothers with exceptional children were MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate The causal relationship among resilient and psychological needs with mental health with the mediating role of family function in mothers with exceptional children. For this purpose, 100 mothers with exceptional children were selected as sample. To collect the data, questionnaires such as mental health SCL-25, Conner & Daveedson resilient, Desi & Ryan psychological needs, & McMaster family function were used. For data analysis, the path analysis method was used. The results showed that there was a direct relationship between resilient with mental health & between psychological needs with family function at p<0.01, & there was a direct relationship between psychological needs with mental health & between resilient with family function was not significant at p>0.05. there was a direct relationship between family function with mental health p≤ 0.05, among resilient with mental health meditore role family function was significant p≤ 0.05, but, there was no direct relationship among psychological needs with mental health meditore role family function p>0.05. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Understanding Motivational Status of Boroujerd Islamic Azad University Staffs and Impacts on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Zahra Valipouri mohammad Reza jaber JnsariThe aim of the present study is to determine the motivational status of Boroujerd Islamic Azad University staffs and its impact on organizational citizenship behavior. The research is a descriptive-survey study and it is practical in its purpose which is based on field MoreThe aim of the present study is to determine the motivational status of Boroujerd Islamic Azad University staffs and its impact on organizational citizenship behavior. The research is a descriptive-survey study and it is practical in its purpose which is based on field and library research. The statistical population of this research is Boroujerd Islamic Azad University staffs, consisting of faculty members (189 persons) and employees (203 persons). Then, using Cochran formula, the sample size is determined to be 183. The standard questionnaire includes the motivational variable from Alderfer, C. questionnaire (1972) and Farahani et al. questionnaire (2012) and the citizenship behavior variable from Oregon and Kanovsky questionnaire (1996). Data gathering was performed using SPSS and PLS software. The results of the tests showed that: The motivational status of staffs in Islamic Azad University of Boroujerd is moderate. The biological needs of staffs have a direct and significant impact on organizational citizenship behavior. The dependency needs of staffs have direct and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. The growth needs of staffs have direct and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs
Seyed Mosa Tabatabaee Farideh Nasiri Khadijeh Sadat TabatabaeeThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs. For this purpose, a descriptive-correlational research design was used. The statisti MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the objective structure of the classroom with creativity and the mediating role of basic needs. For this purpose, a descriptive-correlational research design was used. The statistical population of this research is all the male and female students of the second year of Semnan secondary school in the academic year 1401-1400, of which 220 were randomly selected. The research data were collected by Abedi's creativity questionnaires, the perceived structure of the classroom (Mighli et al.) and the basic psychological needs of LaGuardia et al. And then statistical analysis was done using structural equation modeling with SPSS and AMOS software. The results showed that the effect of mastery and functional goal orientation on basic needs is positive and significant. Also, there is a significant relationship between basic needs and creativity; But the effect of avoidance goal orientation on basic needs is not significant. Another finding of the present research indicates that the effect of three exogenous variables of mastery, performance and avoidance goal orientation on creativity is not significant. In this way, no meaningful relationship has been directly seen between goal orientation and creativity; But when the fulfillment of basic needs in the individual is strengthened by increasing the level of independence, competence and communication, creativity can be promoted in the objective structure of the classroom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Predicting Academic Engagement based on Academic Identity and Self-Directed Learning Mediates the Basic Psychological Needs
Ali Sepahvand Nader Monirpour Majid Zargham HajebiPurpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of Predicting academic engagement based on academic identity and self-directed learning mediates the basic psychological needs learning through mediation and self-determination. Methodology: This research is applied MorePurpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of Predicting academic engagement based on academic identity and self-directed learning mediates the basic psychological needs learning through mediation and self-determination. Methodology: This research is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method. The study population consists of all twelfth grade female students of Robat Karim and Parand counties in the academic year 2019-2020. The research sample was 305 twelfth grade female students of Robat Karim and Parand cities who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Students responded to the Academic Conflict Questionnaire (Rio, 2013), Academic Identity (Waz Wisxon, 2008), Learning Self-Guidance (Fisher, 2001), and Self-Determination (Ryan and Deci, 2000). After collecting the data, they were analyzed using Spss-24 and Amos-21 software and Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations. The assumed model was fitting in the research community. Findings: The results of the analysis showed that the mediating role of self-determination in the relationship between academic identity and learning self-direction with academic engagement is positive and significant and the proposed model explains 43% of the variance of students' academic engagement. Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it was found that the effect of academic identity and learning self-direction is more indirect than self-determination and through self-determination. As a result, students' self-determination and academic engagement increase with increasing academic identity and self-direction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Choice Theory on the Difficulty In Emotion Regulation, Basic Needs Satisfaction and Bereavement Symptoms In Bereaved Adolescent Boys
Malihe Alijani-Mamaghani Faezaeh Sadri-KhorasanlooPurpose:Bereaved adolescents usually experience a wide range of emotions and behaviors.Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the difficulty in emotion regulation, basic needs satisfaction MorePurpose:Bereaved adolescents usually experience a wide range of emotions and behaviors.Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the difficulty in emotion regulation, basic needs satisfaction and bereavement symptoms in bereaved adolescent boys.Methodology:This semi-experimental research was pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group.The statistical population of the research included all bereaved adolescent boys covered by one of the charities in Tehran in2021, among them,30people were selected using available methods, and were randomly replaced in two equal groups. In the experimental group, the choice theory program was implemented in8weekly sessions(each session for 1 hour), but the control group did not receive this intervention. To collect data from the demographic information checklist, Difficulties in emotion regulation scale(Gratz&Romer,2004), Needs deficiency inventory(Salari&Sahebi,2013),and Traumatic grief inventory for children(Dyregrov&et al,2001)was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and, ben-feroni post hoc test with repeated measurements using SPSS-26 statistical software. Findings: The results showed that teaching choice theory reduced the difficulty of emotional regulation, symptoms of grief, satisfying basic needs and reducing the components of the need for survival, love and belonging, freedom, power and fun in the experimental group(P<0.05), And this effect has been stable and signiticant in the follow-up phase. Conclusion:According to the results of this study, it is possible to use choice theory training in medical centers to reduce the symptoms of bereavement, the difficulty of emotional regulation and improve the satisfaction of the basic needs of bereaved teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Choice Theory on the Difficulty In Emotion Regulation, Basic Needs Satisfaction, and Bereavement Symptoms In Bereaved Adolescent Boys
Malihe Alijani-Mamaghani Faezeh Sadri-Khorasanloo Purpose: Bereaved adolescents usually experience a wide range of emotions and behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the difficulty in emotion regulation, basic n More Purpose: Bereaved adolescents usually experience a wide range of emotions and behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the difficulty in emotion regulation, basic needs satisfaction and bereavement symptoms in bereaved adolescent boys. Methodology: This semi-experimental research was pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all bereaved adolescent boys covered by one of the charities in Tehran in 2021, among them, 30 people were selected using available methods, and were randomly replaced in two equal groups. In the experimental group, the choice theory program was implemented in 8 weekly sessions (each session for 1 hour), but the control group did not receive this intervention. To collect data from the demographic information checklist, Difficulties in emotion regulation scale (Gratz & Romer, 2004), Needs deficiency inventory (Salari & Sahebi, 2013), and Traumatic grief inventory for children (Dyregrov & et al, 2001) was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and, ben-feroni post hoc test with repeated measurements using SPSS-26 statistical software. Findings: The results showed that teaching choice theory reduced the difficulty of emotional regulation, symptoms of grief, satisfying basic needs and reducing the components of the need for survival, love and belonging, freedom, power and fun in the experimental group (P<0.05), And this effect has been stable and signiticant in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is possible to use choice theory training in medical centers to reduce the symptoms of bereavement, the difficulty of emotional regulation and improve the satisfaction of the basic needs of bereaved teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Prediction of students' educational engagement based on personality dimensions and basic psychological needs
Vida Kabiri Mehdi Arabzadeh Ghasem Ghasemi AslPurpose: Higher educational institutions are looking for factors influencing the educational achievement of the younger generation of society. In this context, academic engagement is one of the concepts that attracted the attention of many scholars. The purpose of this MorePurpose: Higher educational institutions are looking for factors influencing the educational achievement of the younger generation of society. In this context, academic engagement is one of the concepts that attracted the attention of many scholars. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of each of the components of personality dimensions and basic psychological needs to the academic engagement of students. Method: This research was descriptive and correlational and the statistical population of the study consisted of 200 students (100 females and 100 male) from Kharazmi University students in the academic year of 1995-96. They were selected by stratified random sampling method. Personality dimension questionnaires (Costa and McCarey, 1992) completed the basic psychological needs (Deci and Ryan, 2000) and academic engagement (Zarang, 1391). Data analysis was done by stepwise regression method. Findings: The findings of this study showed that among the components of personality dimensions, only two components of responsibility and mental disorder (in total 21%), as well as among the components of the basic psychological needs of the two components of autonomy and competence (total of 3 / 19%) share the prediction of students' academic engagement. Conclusion: The basic psychological needs in educational and family environments can be effective on the internal motivation and as a result of school homework and academic engagement of learners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Needs assessment of personnel training courses with Knowledge Management Approach case study: Khuzestan water and power organization
فرانک امیدیان هرمز رحمانی شهریاریAbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the training of employees in the Khouzestan Water and Drinking Water Organization with a knowledge management approach. This research was a descriptive survey. The research community was identified based on qualitative met MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the training of employees in the Khouzestan Water and Drinking Water Organization with a knowledge management approach. This research was a descriptive survey. The research community was identified based on qualitative method including 176 employees including managers and employees of Khuzestan Water and Power Organization All of them were considered as an example. In this research, the knowledge recognition tools of Khuzestan Water and Power Organization employees were identified. These needs were defined according to the qualitative method and with reference to the panel of specialists of the staff and managers of the organization. The formal validity of the measurement tool was obtained by referring to the expert opinion of the experts in this field. Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.918) was used to measure the reliability of data collection tools. For data analysis, descriptive methods and inferential statistical methods were used. In this study, one-sample T-tests and T-test were used to compare the mean of the two correlated groups from the viewpoints of respondents. The results of this study identified the needs of four organizational units of Khuzestan Water and Power Administration in three areas of technical skill, communication skills and perceptual skills . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Sellectted Mullttiinattiional l Entterpriises:: An Assessmentt iin Phiilliippiine
دکتر علیرضا حبیبی -
Open Access Article
77 - Environmental tranquility: A conceptual framework and urban architectural features
Farnoosh Minooei Manouchehr Foroutan Mohammad Mehdi Soroush Azadeh Aghalatifi -
Open Access Article
78 - The Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills of primary school teachers
samira pasbar maryam sameriTarget of research was to Study Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills in primary school teachers in Urmia. The research was correlational. The population was primary MoreTarget of research was to Study Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills in primary school teachers in Urmia. The research was correlational. The population was primary school teachers In area 1 of Urmia education in the academic year of 2016-2017 (1570 persons). A sample of randomly stratified by gender, with 310 Morgan table was set. Data were collected using questionnaires, Basic psychological needs (Guardia, Deci and Ryan, 2000), Self-consistency (Ghorbani, Watson and Hargys, 2008), Preferred teaching style (Mousapour, 1998) and Short form of critical thinking skills (Watson and Glaser, 1980) obtained and with software SPSS, and with Pearson correlation test and Sobel test were analyzed. Results showed Basic psychological needs with preferred teaching style negative relationship; Self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style positive relationship have but Basic psychological needs, Self-Knowledge and the preferred teaching style with Critical thinking skills, there was no relationship. Among Basic psychological needs and Self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation Critical thinking skills there was no relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Detect barriers to consistency Thesis subject course Masters Educational Sciences The community needs From the perspective students
مهوش خسروی محمدرضا نیلی بی بی عشرت زمانیThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 stud MoreThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 students from different backgrounds Masters degree at the University of Isfahan, Azad University Khorasgan and Payam Noor of Isfahan in the academic year 1393 is 94. Use the sample table-Morgan 217 samples sampling stratified set volume Shdnd.abzar data collection questionnaire, with 24 questions was closed. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which indicates the validity of the instrument is 0/91, and its validity was confirmed by experts and experts in education. Analyze data on the level of descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. In the description to determine the frequency and percentage of respondents score of mean, standard deviation, percent and inferential statistics and independent t-test one sample, analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc test was used Results showed that in terms students barriers economic, socio-cultural organizations in developing the thesis of Postgraduate Course consistency with the the needs of society are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Basic Psychological Needs, Learning Strategies and Students' Academic Achievement
Rasool JannesarOne of the important criteria for assessing the level of success or failure of educational system is the students’ academic achievement; increasing the academic achievement and reducing the level of their academic failure are among the most important goals of this MoreOne of the important criteria for assessing the level of success or failure of educational system is the students’ academic achievement; increasing the academic achievement and reducing the level of their academic failure are among the most important goals of this system. The aim of current research was to investigate the relationship between basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness), learning strategies (deep and surface) and students' academic achievement in a form of casual model. 285 high school students in Salmas city were selected using stratified sampling method and answered to learning strategies and basic psychological needs questionnaires. Path analysis was use for data analysis. The findings revealed that tested model had sufficient fit and predicted 23% of changes of academic achievement, 14% deep learning strategies and 13% of variance of surface learning strategies. Deep learning strategies had positive and significant effect on academic achievement. But the effect of surface learning strategies on academic achievement was negative and significant. Need for autonomy and competence had positive and significant effect on Deep learning strategies. But the effect of need for relatedness on this variable wasn't significant. Also, the effect of need for relatedness on surface learning strategies was positive and significant. Research findings showed that both motivational (e.g. basic psychological needs) and cognitive variables (e.g. learning strategies) have important roles in prediction of students' academic achievement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Investigating human relation indices among teachers
ahmad valipour ensiyah mahmoujanloThe purpose of present research is to study the extent to which human relations indeices are used by high school teachers as judged by female students. Of 434 students, a sample of 205was selected by stratified random sampling method. The study is a descriptive re MoreThe purpose of present research is to study the extent to which human relations indeices are used by high school teachers as judged by female students. Of 434 students, a sample of 205was selected by stratified random sampling method. The study is a descriptive research. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with four dimensions and 28 questions. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by the experts and the reliability of the research was calculated to be 0.867.The results showed that on average the four indexes of communication ability , needs and talent perception , personal differences perception and mental health were higher than average. It can be said that the human relations indexes among teachers in high schools in Galugah are in favorable situation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - An investigation of the effectiveness of a program developed based on self-determination theory on increasing students’ motivation to read among second grade guidance school students
roya raghebiyanThis study investigated the effectiveness of a program developed on the basis of self-determination theory and supporting student’s psychological needs -competence, autonomy and relatedness- to promote reading motivational constructs- self-efficacy, interest MoreThis study investigated the effectiveness of a program developed on the basis of self-determination theory and supporting student’s psychological needs -competence, autonomy and relatedness- to promote reading motivational constructs- self-efficacy, interest and social interaction. To this end, 71 second-grade school boys of guidance school from two classes were chosen and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. Then program performed for 35 students in 8 sessions of 60 minutes -5 sessions for whole class discussion and 3 sessions for group activities – with different texts of Persian Language- ancient fiction, modern prose and short story. Researcher- made questionnaire was used for assessing reading motivation. To determine the significant differences of the students of experimental and control groups’ responses McNemar test was used and content analysis was used to analyze the students’ answers to open-ended questions of the questionnaire. The result indicated that the program increased students’ reading self-efficacy, reading interest and social interact. Also the results of content analysis showed that students participated in this program became familiar with three new ways of confronting with reading difficulties: discussion with peers, refer to dictionary and text questioning. In addition, students’ interest to ancient fiction and short story increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The relationship between teaching conversation through role play and speaking
Adel ESMAEELI Marjan EBRAHIMI Khalil MIRZAEI -
Open Access Article
84 - Strategic Human Resource Development, Training Needs Assessment Model
Mehdi Samimi Ramin Alivand Seyed Ali Hoseiniچکیده با شناسایی صحیح نیازهای آموزشی کارکنان، سازمانها میتوانند به هدفهای اصلی و استراتژی خود نائل یابند و از اتلاف هزینهها جلوگیری نمایند. یک الگوی مناسب برای شناسایی نیازهای آموزشی کارکنان در راستای استراتژیها ضروری است. در این مقاله با یک تحقیق توصیفی پیمایشی، Moreچکیده با شناسایی صحیح نیازهای آموزشی کارکنان، سازمانها میتوانند به هدفهای اصلی و استراتژی خود نائل یابند و از اتلاف هزینهها جلوگیری نمایند. یک الگوی مناسب برای شناسایی نیازهای آموزشی کارکنان در راستای استراتژیها ضروری است. در این مقاله با یک تحقیق توصیفی پیمایشی، ضمن بیان الگوها، روشها و فنون نیازسنجی آموزش و نقش نیازسنجی صحیح آموزش در پیادهسازی استراتژی و تحقق اهداف بلندمدت سازمانی، با تمرکز بر اقدامات و پروژههای استراتژیک قشههای استراتژی سازمان تعریف میشود، مدلی جهت شناسایی نیازهای آموزشی شامل دانش، مهارت و تواناییهای لازم برای موفقیت اعضای تیمهای اجرایی اقدامات و پروژه های مذکور ارائه نماید. نمونه آماری به روش قضاوتی، خبرگان حیطه منابع انسانی صاحب نظر در زمینه استراتژی بودند و برای تحلیلهای آماری نظرات خبرگان و اثبات فرضیهها از آزمونهایی نظیر علامت و فریدمن استفاده شده است. بعد از حذف نیازهای آموزشی غیرموثر مدلی با دستهبندی خاص به روش تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و نظر خبرگان ایجاد گردید و با توجه به فرضیات اثبات شده و نتایج تحقیق، پیشنهاداتی نیز ارائه گردیده است. از جنبههای نوآوری تحقیق بکارگیری دو فرض اثبات شده بعنوان متدهای اولویتبندی برنامهریزی آموزش کارکنان در قسمت پیشنهادات میباشد. با توجه نتایج آماری تحقیق و اثبات فرضیهها میتوان نتیجهگیری نمود که نیازهای آموزشی و همچنین دسته نیازهای آموزشی در مقایسه با یکدیگر دارای اولویتهای متفاوتی میباشند و از این طریق جهت برگزاری آموزشهای سازمانها در اینگونه نیازهای آموزشی، پیشنهاد می شود که سازمانها چنانچه اقدام به برگزاری تفصیلی آموزشها مینمایند، در برنامهریزی و اجراء، اولویتهای حاصل شده را مدنظر داشته باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Using Hybrid QFD-AHP Method in Order ToImproving Internet Services
Jalal Haqhighat Monfared AhmadReza EtemadiNowadays, Internet as a quick and inexpensive mean of communication has changed different aspects of human life.In this regard, the Statistics shows that the number of Internet users has been increased greatly in different countries in recent years.Meanwhile, the compan MoreNowadays, Internet as a quick and inexpensive mean of communication has changed different aspects of human life.In this regard, the Statistics shows that the number of Internet users has been increased greatly in different countries in recent years.Meanwhile, the companies that provide Internet services to their customers are looking for their basic needs. One of the main ways to hear the voice of customers is the quality function deployment approach. This study has been conducted in one of the companies providing Internet services in Iran. In the process of study, first, the needs of customers were identified. Then analytic hierarchy process method and quality function deployment approach were used to implement the needs in Internet services. The results of study indicated that “appropriate price for the provided services was the most important needs of customers and among engineering characteristics, “utilizing expert, motivated, and skilled employees was in the highest priorities. So, more focus on these important factors play crucial role in achieving success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Mediating Role of In-Role and Extra-Role Behaviors in the impact of Psychological Needs on Brand Identification
Mohammad Mehdi Bazrafkan Fazlollah KazemiThis Study Was Done to Evaluate the Mediating Role of In-Role and Extra-Role Behaviors in the impact of Psychological Needs on Brand Identification in Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran “Hamrahe Aval”. In this study, the variables were evaluated by a q MoreThis Study Was Done to Evaluate the Mediating Role of In-Role and Extra-Role Behaviors in the impact of Psychological Needs on Brand Identification in Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran “Hamrahe Aval”. In this study, the variables were evaluated by a questionnaire. A questionnaire was distributed among 400 individuals from the statistical population that was distributed among all customers of the Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran “Hamrahe Aval”, in the city of Shiraz. The research method was descriptive and correlational. To answer the questions and check the hypotheses by Smart-PLS Software, the structural equations method and path analysis with partial least squares (PLS) method was used. The results show that Affiliation and self-confidence have a positive and significant effect on the behavior within the consumer role in branding. The results of this research also confirm the positive and significant effect of self-esteem and individual autonomy on consumer redundancy behavior in branding. The results also show that behavior in consumer role and consumer redundancy behavior in branding has a significant effect on brand identification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The backgrounds of the development of inclusive education project and obstacles against it
Soleyman Kabini Moghaddam Ali Sayahi Ali KhalkhaliHis research is trying to examine the background of development of inclusive education project and obstacles against in the Mazandaran province and wants to present the practical strategies by studying and analysis the project executor’s approaches.A researcher ma MoreHis research is trying to examine the background of development of inclusive education project and obstacles against in the Mazandaran province and wants to present the practical strategies by studying and analysis the project executor’s approaches.A researcher made questionnaire which was composed of 7 axes with 39 questions had been used. To reach the data for this reason ;through several phases;396 persons of official expert; managers and executive teachers of the inclusive education project have been chosen in Mazanderan by cluster and stratified random sampling and the answered to the said questionnaire . The validities of the research devices were bases on the authority's approaches of exceptional education and their experts who were acquainted with the inclusive education problems; and their reliabilities were calculated by Cronbach coefficient ά (alpha) which was 71/40% .The data were analyzed by Chi-square. One part of finding shows that the managers; more than the teachers and official experts; believed to the probability of success of the inclusive education project in areas were the measurement projects and community based rehabilitation (CBR) were executed in comparison with other parts one. Other part of the results shows that the inclusive education system pays attention to individual differences and the probability of Social relationship and making friend skill will increase among ordinary students and students with special needs. The executers of the inclusive project believe that in the said project; both all ordinary students and the students with special needs are more flexible to become aware and efficient citizens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University
Mir Mohammad Jamal Abdullahi Firouz Rad Siroos FakhrayiThe main goal of this study is the investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive and statistical sample are 336 students from different levels who w MoreThe main goal of this study is the investigation of social factors related to the technical students’ entrepreneurship spirit in Mahabad Islamic Azad University. The research method is descriptive and statistical sample are 336 students from different levels who were selected by random sampling. Research-made questionnaire of the entrepreneurship spirit was used to gather the data, and the data analyzed in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS. Results show that there is a meaningful relationship between students’ entrepreneurship spirit and different components of social factors such as parents’ education level, university major, membership in social networks, the level of training, amount of study and marital status. Also, there isn’t a meaningful relationship between students’ entrepreneurship spirit and other components of social factors such as maternal education level, use of internet, gender, income, location, educational level, parents’ job. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Study of Iranian young users’ attitudes towards virtual social networks
Samad Rasoulzadeh Aghdam Samad Adlipour Youssef ZeinivandRegarding the increasing proliferation of virtual social networks many supporting and opposing views and ideas are presented regarding the nature of these networks, their applications and functions and the reason why Iranian users become members of these networks. Also, MoreRegarding the increasing proliferation of virtual social networks many supporting and opposing views and ideas are presented regarding the nature of these networks, their applications and functions and the reason why Iranian users become members of these networks. Also, each view imagines functions and capabilities for these environments and their users. Accordingly, the objective of the present study is to study the most important media needs of Iranian young users in using virtual social networks by utilizing Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT). Therefore, 460 participants were selected among the users that are members of social networks in Tabriz employing availability and voluntary sampling method. The findings of the research indicate that there is a significant correlation between emotional (entertaining and recreation), cognitive (obtaining news and information), and social needs and tendency to use virtual social networks. In addition, there is a difference in users’ media needs which are: emotional, cognitive, social and political needs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Investigating the Tendency Rate of the University Students of Tabriz towards Membership in Job-creating Cooperatives.
Mozaffareddin Shahbazi Fateme GorbaniOne of the general guidelines in reducing the rate of unemployment is creating jobs, involving people in economic activities, and expanding cooperatives. Activating the cooperative sector, especially cooperatives which are in volved in production and self-employment, by MoreOne of the general guidelines in reducing the rate of unemployment is creating jobs, involving people in economic activities, and expanding cooperatives. Activating the cooperative sector, especially cooperatives which are in volved in production and self-employment, by relying on the academic capability of university graduates and considering the collectivist spirit of Iranians will pave the way for further presence in the global markets and opening the economic borders. Therefore, of the three sectors–cooperative, public, and private–the cooperative companies can provide better conditions for employing and involving university graduates. The purpose of this research is to investigate the tendency rate of the students of Public University and Islamic Azad Univery of Tabriz toward cooperatives and the factors affecting their tendency. For this purpose, after familiarity with cooperatives and the related theories (ideas of such thinkers as Robert Owen, Louiy Blone, Charles Fourier, etc.), we carried out a survey and collected the data by using a questionnaire distributed among a sample of 754 university students who were chosen by systematic stratified-random sampling. The result of the research indicate that the independent variables-social participation, social trust, social solidarity, satisfying needs, and individual characteristics (excluding age and income)-have a significant relationship whit the dependent variab – the students, tendency towards membership in job-creating cooperatives. In addition, it was revealed that there is a significant difference between the two groups (students of Islamic Azad University and students of public university) regarding their tendency towards membership in job-creating cooperatives (99%). The tendency is higher among Azad University students than public university students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - بررسی تاثیر به کاربردن آنالیز نقادانه نیازهای زبان آموزان ایرانی سطح متوسط بر ارتقای سطح مهارت گفتاری آنها
سارا ظفری حسین حیدری تبریزی عزیزه چالاکدر سراسر جهان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و یا زبان دوم تدریس میشود. در سیستم اموزشی ایران نیز به عنوان زبان خارجی تدریس میشود. با این وجود، همیشه این موضوع مطرح بوده است که برنامه های زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی بدون انجام یک تجزیه و تحلیل نقادانه از نقطه نظر دانش Moreدر سراسر جهان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی و یا زبان دوم تدریس میشود. در سیستم اموزشی ایران نیز به عنوان زبان خارجی تدریس میشود. با این وجود، همیشه این موضوع مطرح بوده است که برنامه های زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجی بدون انجام یک تجزیه و تحلیل نقادانه از نقطه نظر دانش اموزان برنامه ریزی شده است.تحقیق پیش رو به تاثیربررسی انجام آنالیز نقادانه نیازهای دانش آموزان در پیشرفت مهارت گفتاری آنها پرداخت. بدین منظور 128 زبان آموز سطح متوسط ایرانی از سه آموزشگاه خصوصی زبان انتخاب شده و به دو گروه ازمایشی و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. ضروریات، نیازها و فقدان های دانش اموزان از طریق یک پرسشنامه و مصاحبه نیمه ساختاری مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بر طبق نتایج امار استنباطی بیشترین میانگین متعلق به ضروریات پس از ان به فقدان ها و سپس نیازهای دانش اموزان بود. برخلاف گروه آزمایش، گروه کنترل به صورت برنامه درسی از پیش تعیین شده ی تحت آموزش قرار گرفته اند. نتایج آزمون تی نمونه های مستقل حاکی از آن بود که در پس آزمون مهارت های گفتاری شرکت کنندگان در گروه آزمایش تفاوت عمده ای با گروه کنترل داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - بررسی نیازهای دانشجویان درس زبان عمومی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی همدان از دیدگاه خودشان
علی غلامی مهردادمقاله ی حاضر گزارشی است از نتایج تحلیل نیازها که بر روی گروهی 52 نفره از دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان به عمل آمده است و در آن پرسشنامهای با 32 سؤال برگرفته از کاوالیوسکین[1] و یوزپالین[2](2003)، آیوای و همکاران[3](1999) و سید هاوس[4](1994) به Moreمقاله ی حاضر گزارشی است از نتایج تحلیل نیازها که بر روی گروهی 52 نفره از دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان به عمل آمده است و در آن پرسشنامهای با 32 سؤال برگرفته از کاوالیوسکین[1] و یوزپالین[2](2003)، آیوای و همکاران[3](1999) و سید هاوس[4](1994) به منظور بررسی برداشت شخصی دانشجویان از خصوصیات یک دوره ی آموزش زبان انگلیسی موفق مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. نتایج تجزیه تحلیل داده ها به لزوم تغییر سرفصل درس از جهات مختلف اشاره دارد. [1]. Kavaliauskiene [2].Užpaliene [3].Iwai et. al [4].Seedhouse Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Alimony of the Wife and the Purposes of the Shari'a
Fatemeh Mahmoudi Aliakbar Izadifard Abedin MomeniOne of the important approaches in jurisprudential studies is to pay attention to the aims of the shari'a in the religious law, namely, to pay attention to the criteria and causes of the sentence, as well as its expedients and corruptness from the perspective of the leg MoreOne of the important approaches in jurisprudential studies is to pay attention to the aims of the shari'a in the religious law, namely, to pay attention to the criteria and causes of the sentence, as well as its expedients and corruptness from the perspective of the legislator of islam. In such a way that purposes and causes of the sentences, not have constradictions with general nature of sharia of islam. According to the general aims of the shari'a in marriage, which is the formation of the family, the production of the generation and the creation of the human face, is not the livelihood and lust of the animal, and the partial purposes of the shari'a is in alimony, which is the provision of women's needs in the family. It can be said that first, alimony of spouse as a unilaterally duty is responsible for husband and only the disobedience of the wife prevents of countinuing. The alimony of the woman is related to the supply of material needs, health, spiritual, psychological, scientific and educational support to the strengthening of the family system and the proper education of children. Therefore, the determination of alimony in material matters such as housing, clothing and food is through tarighah and does not matter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Designing and Validating a Questionnaire of Competency Model of Educational Administrators of Executive Organizations of East Azerbaijan Province
alireza rajebi sadegh maleki avarsin Zarrin DaneshvarThe purpose of this study is to design and validate a questionnaire on the competency model of educational administrators of executive organizations. The research method was descriptive which was conducted in two phases of design and validity and reliability of the ques MoreThe purpose of this study is to design and validate a questionnaire on the competency model of educational administrators of executive organizations. The research method was descriptive which was conducted in two phases of design and validity and reliability of the questionnaire in 2019. CVR and CVI coefficients were used to evaluate the content validity. According to the obtained CVRs, out of 115 indicators, 21 were removed and 94 were selected to continue the study. Also, its reliability was determined using the method of calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intra-cluster correlation index. In the present study, the content validity index was 0.736 which is an acceptable number for this questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also 0.979 the intra-cluster correlation index was 0.997, which indicates the stability of reliability and high reproducibility of the questionnaire. Based on the results of the questionnaire 94 approved indicators in three main categories related to technical-professional competencies (including subcategories of skills: training needs assessment, educational planning, training implementation, training effectiveness evaluation, educational leadership and knowledge management ability), General competencies (including subcategories of competencies: individual, personality and morality and intelligence) and managerial competencies (including subcategories: organizational commitment, goal orientation, responsibility, team building, communication skills, analytical thinking, strategic thinking, flexibility Acceptability, foresight, creative thinking and systemic thinking) were divided. All of them have good validity and reliability for examining the competencies of the educational directors of the executive organizations of East Azerbaijan province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - The Mediating Role of Self-Regulated Learning in the Relationship Between Basic Psychological Needs and Academic Procrastination in Students
Mahdieh Khalili Khezrabadi Faeze Eshaghi Moghaddam Fatemeh Zare Ali Reza Hoseinpour Ashna AbadAcademic procrastination is one of the most visible and problematic problems among students. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-regulated learning in the relationship between basic psychological needs and academic procrastination in stud MoreAcademic procrastination is one of the most visible and problematic problems among students. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-regulated learning in the relationship between basic psychological needs and academic procrastination in students. The statistical population of this study included students of Urmia Farhangian University in the academic year 1397, from which 212 students were selected and participated in this study. Data collection tools included the Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire (1995), the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (2003) and the Academic Procrastination Scale (1984). The results showed that academic procrastination has a negative and significant relationship with self-regulated learning and basic psychological needs (p <0.05). The results of path analysis showed that self-regulated learning has a mediating role in the relationship between basic psychological needs and academic procrastination (p <0.05). This means that in students, basic psychological needs can reduce academic procrastination by affecting self-regulated learning. Accordingly, in the field of education, it is necessary to organize the interventions used to reduce academic procrastination in students in order to satisfy basic psychological needs and self-regulated learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Predicting Academic Satisfaction Based on Psychological Needs with the Mediating Role of Class-Related Emotion and Early Maladaptive Schemas
Fatemeh Zamani Alimohammad RezaeiThe aim of the current research was to predict academic satisfaction based on psychological needs with the mediating role of Class-Related Emotion and early maladaptive schemas. In this correlational description, with a random cluster method, 741 students aged 13 to 14 MoreThe aim of the current research was to predict academic satisfaction based on psychological needs with the mediating role of Class-Related Emotion and early maladaptive schemas. In this correlational description, with a random cluster method, 741 students aged 13 to 14 years old in 15th district of Tehran in 1400 were selected as a sample and were asked to answer the basic psychological needs questionnaire of Desi (2000), the Dusseldorf Child Schema Picture Questionnaire (DISC) Luez, Mayer and Petroski (2018), the Class-Related Emotion Scales, derived from the academic emotions questionnaire (AEQ) Pekrun et al (2005) and the academic satisfaction subscale, derived from the multi-dimensional life satisfaction (Höbner, 2001). The data were analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) software. The results showed that psychological needs variable with the mediation of positive and negative academic emotions and initial incompatible plans have a significant effect in explaining academic satisfaction and the overall effect of this change on academic satisfaction is also significant. Therefore, satisfying basic psychological needs can increase positive Class-Related Emotion, decrease negative Class-Related Emotion, and decrease initial incompatible schema and so it can increase academic satisfaction. Based on the results, educational psychologists can simultaneously play an important role in Class-Related Emotion and early maladaptive schemas and improve academic satisfaction by considering the basic psychological needs, and thus they can eliminate the factors that cause them to be discouraged with their lessons and education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Role of Satisfying of Basic Psychological Needs and Goal Orientation in Predicting Academic Engagement of University Students
Fatemeh Shariati Ali ZeinaliPresent research aimed to determine the role of satisfying of basic psychological needs and goal orientation in predicting academic engagement of university students. This study was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was all students of Is MorePresent research aimed to determine the role of satisfying of basic psychological needs and goal orientation in predicting academic engagement of university students. This study was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was all students of Islamic Azad University of Urmia branch in 2019-20 academic years with number of 13000 students, which from them based on Cochran's formula 400 students were selected by available sampling method as a sample. The research instruments were the satisfying of basic psychological needs scale (Deci & Ryan, 2000), revised goal orientation scale (Elliot & Murayama, 2008) and academic engagement questionnaire (Schaufeli & et al, 2002). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS-19 software. The findings showed that need to autonomy, competence, relatedness and goal orientation of mastery approach, mastery avoidance, performance approach and performance avoidance had a positive and significant relationship with academic engagement. Also, the variables of satisfying of basic psychological needs and goal orientation significantly could 63 percent of variance of academic engagement (P<0.05) that in this prediction the variables of need to competence and performance goals of approach and avoidance had not significant effect (P>0.05). Therefore, to improve the academic engagement of students can be satisfied the basic psychological needs and taught each of the goal orientation, which satisfying the need to autonomy and teaching mastery approach goal should be priority Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - An Evaluation of Iranian Junior High Schools‛ English Textbooks Using FOG Readability Index and Survey from Experienced Teachers
Davood Hosseini Nassab Farahman Farrokhi Jhila MorsaliThe aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the content of English textbooks taught in Guidance Schools according to the Fog readability formula and from the view point of experienced English teachers. The findings: On the whole, the strong points of the books in MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the content of English textbooks taught in Guidance Schools according to the Fog readability formula and from the view point of experienced English teachers. The findings: On the whole, the strong points of the books in different cases were as follows: The typing style of the books, good grammar presentation and practice, the organization of content from simple to difficult, clear instructions, correspondence with the children's age and books availability for most of the teachers and students. The weak points of the books were as follows: lacking attractive lay out, not having good pronunciation and vocabulary explanation, not using enough authentic language, having no attention to the learners background knowledge, not having enough correspondence with the children's real life situations, Lacking the audio cassettes. From the view point of the teachers: There was a significant relationship between the evaluation of the books and the teaching experience, the teachersُ degree and the gender of the teachers. But there wasn’t any significant relationship between the evaluation of the books and the teaching location. For measuring the readability of the writings, Fog index was used. The results indicated that the readings of the books in all the grade were in low level. That is, they are very simple to read and students need a level higher than these ones. Consequently, all of the books were poor according to the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The educational needs analysis of family educational programs of the pupils' parents in District 1 of Tabriz
Fatemeh Najaflouy Mohammad Reza Falsafinejad Magsud RasouliThe present research was conducted in order to study the educational needs of the parents taking part in family education programs of Tabriz District 1 Educational Office. The present study is a descriptive-survey based research, and an applied research in terms of its MoreThe present research was conducted in order to study the educational needs of the parents taking part in family education programs of Tabriz District 1 Educational Office. The present study is a descriptive-survey based research, and an applied research in terms of its results. The population of the study included the parents of all students, in the academic Year 91-92. Cluster random sampling was used for selecting 382 parents. To collect the data three Lickert scale researcher-made questionnaires of were prepared. The primary school learners' parental questionnaire included 59 fixed answer questions and 1 open-ended question; the questionnaire for junior high school learners included 55 fixed answer questions and one open-ended question and the questionnaire for senior high school students included 62 fixed answer questions and one open-ended question. The face validity and content validity of the questionnaires were verified by the supervisor and four professors from Tabriz University, and their reliability in Cronbach Alpha was calculated to be 0.980, 0.871 and 0.976. To achieve research goals, 5 research questions were posed. To analyze the data the descriptive statistics including frequency, median and mean and the inferential statistics of independent t-test, one-way-ANOVA of SPSS software were conducted. The results from the study indicate that the most important educational needs of the parents in family education programs from the parents' point, of view are religious-moral needs. Cultural-social, educational - psychological, emergent issues and hygienic - physical dimensions were respectively the parents' other educational needs. The results also indicate that there is no significant difference between the educational needs of the parents and variables like sex, age, educational level, and the parents' job. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - A Study of the Relationship between essential psychological needs with female and male students' social intelligence
Davood Hosseini Nasab Gholamreza Gol Mohammad Nejad Elmira Akbari haghighatThe aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the variables of autonomy theory (autonomy need, merit and dependency) with the students´ social intelligence. The statistical population included 386 Zanjan Islamic Azad University students wi MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the variables of autonomy theory (autonomy need, merit and dependency) with the students´ social intelligence. The statistical population included 386 Zanjan Islamic Azad University students with age range from 18 to 39. The sampling method was stratified sampling. To gather the data two kinds of questionnaires namely. Psychological need satisfaction scale and the social intelligence scale were used. The descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation) were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that there was a positive signification difference between the autonomy and merit need satisfaction with social intelligence, while there was a negative significant difference between the dependency need satisfactions with social intelligence. The results also showed that there wasn’t any relationship between gender and social intelligence. The satisfaction of the essential psychological needs can be effective on increasing social intelligence but it is still in its primary stages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - On the Relationship of Academic Self-efficacy with Academic Buoyancy: the Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs
Hassanali Vayskarami Fazlollah Mir Darikvand Samira Ghara Veysi Majid SolaymaniThe purpose of this study was to investigating the mediating role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic buoyancy. It was a descriptive and correlational study and the statistical population included all female high MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigating the mediating role of basic psychological needs in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic buoyancy. It was a descriptive and correlational study and the statistical population included all female high school students in the city of Sanandaj, in the school year of 2018-19. Three hundred thirty-six students were selected using multi-stage random sampling. The instrument were academic self-efficacy, academic buoyancy, and basic psychological needs questionnaires. AMOS-22 statistical software was used for data analysis. The results showed that academic self-efficacy was positively related to and influenced by academic buoyancy. Academic self-efficacy was also positively related to and influenced by basic psychological needs. Moreover, basic psychological needs were positively related to and influenced by academic buoyancy. Finally, basic psychological needs played a mediating role in the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic buoyancy. Self-efficacy training and attention to the basic psychological needs of students will affect their academic buoyancy. Therefore, it is expected that students' parents and their teachers will provide them with the necessary basic psychological needs and positive attitudes about their ability to successfully perform an activity. Students will then find effective and adaptive solutions to their academic challenges. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - A study of telecommunication personnel and superintendence view points about the applied scientific in service training in order to promote personnel's knowledge and skill in East Azerbaijan.
Aliasghar KooshafarThe present study is a descriptive survey. The statistical population includes all official superintendence (120 people) and 2080 people personnel in East Azarbaijan Telecommunication Company. Using ratio stratified sampling and Morgan formula the sample size was 322 pe MoreThe present study is a descriptive survey. The statistical population includes all official superintendence (120 people) and 2080 people personnel in East Azarbaijan Telecommunication Company. Using ratio stratified sampling and Morgan formula the sample size was 322 people for personnal and 92 superintendence. The result showed that: There was a significant difference between the trainees and their superinyendence about the role and importance of applied scientific in service training. There was a significant difference between the participants in training and their superintendence concerning the effect of training cource on increasing knowledge and skills of personnel. The relationship of in service training with personal occupational needs regarding trainees and their superintendence was different. The extant of material and non-materal motive for participants in training cource regarding trainees and their superintendence was different. The presented instruction in telecommunication training center is not in accordance with new equipments and technologies. The professors and instructors of training cource in telecommunication company have proper knowledge and skill in presenting the subject matter. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The Role of Psycho-Social Needs in the Relation between Job Demands and Positive Behavioral Performance
Mohsen Golparvar Zahra Adibi sedege Alzahramadanifar Faheme AbdoliThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the moderating role of psycho-social needs in the relationships between job demands and organizational citizenship behaviors, task performance, and creativity. The statistical population included the employees of a co MoreThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the moderating role of psycho-social needs in the relationships between job demands and organizational citizenship behaviors, task performance, and creativity. The statistical population included the employees of a company affiliated to Ministry of Petroleum in Bandarabas, and from among them, 187 persons were selected using simple random sampling. The research instruments consisted of: needs questionnaire (Yamaguchi, 2003), job demands and task performance questionnaires (Babakas et al, 2009), creativity questionnaire (Tierney et al, 1999), and organizational citizenship behaviors questionnaire (Bukhari and Ali, 2009). The data were analyzed with the use of hierarchical regression analysis. Results revealed that need for affiliation moderates the relationship between role overload and ambiguity with task performance and organizational citizenship behaviors, and need for power moderates the relationship between role overload and ambiguity with creativity. Also, need for power moderates the relationship between role conflict with task performance, with creativity and organizational citizenship behaviors. The results of the current research revealed that needs could relate behavioral tendencies to job stresses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - بررسی میزان گرایش به مصرف انواع موسیقی در بین جوانان شهر زنجان
افسون خلیفه ماجده قلی پور سیده زهرا میرمحمدرضایی سکینه ندرلوبررسی میزان گرایش به مصرف انواع موسیقی در بین جوانان شهر زنجان * افسون خلیفه [1] ماجده قلیپور2 سیده زهرا میر محمد رضایی 3 سکینه ندرلو4 چکیده دلایل متعددی برای مطالعه مصرف موسیقی و فعالیت موسیقیایی Moreبررسی میزان گرایش به مصرف انواع موسیقی در بین جوانان شهر زنجان * افسون خلیفه [1] ماجده قلیپور2 سیده زهرا میر محمد رضایی 3 سکینه ندرلو4 چکیده دلایل متعددی برای مطالعه مصرف موسیقی و فعالیت موسیقیایی وجود دارد، موسیقی بخشی از فعالیت هنری انسان است. شاید بیش از هر محصول هنری دیگری آدمیان در زندگی روزمره خود در معرض شنیدن موسیقی هستند. بنابر لزوم پرداختن به موسیقی به عنوان بخشی از هویت انسانی در صدد برآمدیم به بررسی میزان مصرف انواع موسیقی در بین جوانان شهر زنجان با تکیه بر چهار فرضیه سبک زندگی فرهنگی، ارضای نیازها، عوامل جامعهپذیری و عوامل فردی به عنوان عوامل تأثیرگذار بر مصرف انواع موسیقی بپردازیم. جامعه آماری تحقیق عبارت است از جوانان شهر زنجان که بر اساس فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه ای با تعداد 268 نفر بدست آمد و پرسشنامهها به صورت تصادفی ساده در مناطق سهگانه شهر(بالای شهر، مرکز شهر و پایین شهر) توزیع گردید. بر اساس یافتههای تحقیق میتوان نتیجه گرفت که از بین عوامل فردی از نظر وضعیت تأهل، افراد متأهل؛ از نظر وضعیت اشتغال افراد شاغل در بخش خصوصی، از نظر مسکن افراد دارای مسکن شخصی و از نظر منطقه سکونت افراد ساکن در مناطق بالای شهر با متغیر وابسته (گرایش به موسیقی) ارتباط بیشتری داشته و از بین متغیرهای مستقل (سبک زندگی، ارضای نیازها و عوامل جامعهپذیری) بیشترین هبستگی مربوط به متغیر ارضای نیازها و سپس عوامل جامعهپذیری و سبک زندگی میباشد و آنچنانکه از نتایج توصیفی تحقیق بر میآید بیشترین میزان گرایش مربوط به موسیقی سنتی و کمترین میزان گرایش مربوط به موسیقی راک زیر زمینی میباشد. کلید واژه: موسیقی، سبک زندگی، ارضای نیازها، عوامل جامعهپذیری، عوامل فردی، جوانان. 1-مقدمه و بیان مسأله موسیقی برخلاف آنچه معمولاً تصور میشود منحصر به سرگرمی و شادی افراد نیست، بلکه مجموعه وسیعی از معانی را در بر میگیرد که میتواند انعکاسدهنده وضعیت زندگی یک جامعه یا یک گروه باشد. در واقع لایههای گستردهای از معانی و مفاهیم پنهان، در موسیقی وجود دارند که میتوانند نشاندهنده سبکهای مختلف زندگی باشند. به قول آلن لمکس سبک ترانههای محبوب هر فرهنگ بازتابدهنده و تقویتکننده آن نوع رفتاری است که در تلاشهای عمده آن فرهنگ برای بقا و در نهاد اجتماعی مرکزی و کنترلکننده آن نقش اساسی دارد (لمکس، 1968 :133). موسیقی در سطح کنشهای اجتماعی در کنشهایی چون قدرت اجتماعی، مبارزه طبقاتی و مانند آن منعکس میشود. موسیقیای که طبقه فرادست گوش میدهند، موسیقیای که طبقه فرودست بیشتر مصرف میکنند و معانی صریح و ضمنی موسیقیها و مصرف آنها، خود در جدایی طبقات، تمایز آنها، مبارزه طبقاتی یا روابط آنها مؤثر است. مبارزه طبقاتی و نسلی نیز میتواند خودش را در موسیقی نشان دهد (کوثری،1386: 14). همینطور، موسیقی دارای کارکردهای گستردهای است. در موقعیتهای مختلف و متفاوت موسیقی استفاده میشود، میتوان گفت که تجربه روزمره زندگی انسان با موسیقی در حال شکلگیری است. هیچ هنر دیگری به این اندازه در تمام حالات و موقعیتهای مختلف مصرف ندارد (نتل، 1382: 39؛ فاطمی، 1385: 65). در حالیکه موسیقی مشخصه مشترک تمام جوامع است، ولی کارکردهای آن لزوماً در تمام جوامع یکسان نیست، بعلاوه در جوامع مختلف، در دورههای مختلف و بر حسب گروههای مختلف نیز توجه و مصرف موسیقایی لزوماً از قاعده یکسان و مشابهی تبعیت نمیکند. با وجود برخی مشخصههایی که درباره موسیقی و مصرف آن گفته شد، مسأله در خصوص ایرانیان به گونه متفاوتی مطرح است! چراکه افراد در این کشور چنانچه نتل نیز بدان اشاره میکند: «به موسیقیهای متفاوتی در لوحهای فشرده موسیقی گوش میدهند که آهنگهای متفاوت از سبکهای گوناگون در آن وجود دارند، به طوری که به هیچوجه نمیتوان تشخیص داد که این افراد به چه نوع موسیقی علاقمندند و به تعبیری علت مصرف آنان چیست؟» (نتل، 1382: 19). به همین دلیل میتوان گفت وضعیت موسیقی در ایران بسیار پیچیده و ارزیابی آن نیز دشوار است (کوثری، 1386: 105). انواع موسیقی که در سالهای اخیر در میان جوانان مورد استقبال قرار گرفتهاند، وضعیت حساستری را به خود اختصاص داده است. برای نمونه جنجالی شدن برخی سبکهای موسیقی، ترانههای مختلف، خوانندهها، گسترش شبکههای قاچاق موسیقی و تکثیر لوحهای فشرده موسیقی جنجالی در سالهای اخیر در جامعه، نمونهای از این نوع حساسیتهاست. رواج گروههای موسیقی چون رپ خوانها در بازار موسیقی که بیشتر مورد مصرف جوانان هستند، نمونه دیگری از حساسیت و اهمیت موضوع است. این در حالی است که میتوان گفت ایران یکی از خاستگاههای موسیقی در جهان بوده است (مشحون، 1380: 33). در بیشتر پژوهشهای اجتماعی که درباره مصرفکنندگان هنر و فعالان کارهای هنری انجام شده، به ویژگیهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی، طبقهای یا مشخصات جمعیت شناختی افراد توجه شده است. برای نمونه، دیدگاههای بوردیو و پیترسون نماد چنین رویکردی هستند که این ویژگیها را به منش افراد مرتبط میکنند. این منشها شکلدهنده سبک زندگی با ارایه برنامه پژوهشی جدید، روایت تازهای از مفاهیم زندگی روزمره و اوقات فراغت و مصرف هستند و یا به عبارت دیگر، جنبههای عملی زندگی را بیان میکنند. در حقیقت با چرخش تحلیل اجتماعی از فعالیت تولیدی به سمت فعالیت مصرفی، شالوده تفاوتهای اجتماعی توسط مفهوم سبک زندگی، تغییر کرده است. این تغییر از چند جهت نظیر رشد مصرف و فرهنگ مصرفگرایی و دگرگونشدن اوقات فراغت و فعالیتهای غیرتولیدی میتواند مورد بحث قرار گیرد. از اینرو، با عنایت به نظریه بوردیو در خصوص مصرف موسیقایی جوانان میتوان گفت که گسترش سبکهای متفاوت موسیقی، بهدلیل وجود منشهای متفاوتی است که در بین این گروه شکل گرفته و به نوعی آنان را به سمت موسیقیهای مختلف سوق داده است. این پژوهش در پی بررسی علل گرایش جوانان به موسیقی و نوع خاصی از آن و به گونهای اخصتر به دنبال جواب به این پرسش است که آیا بین پایگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی، جنسیت، ارضاء نیازهای فرهنگی و عوامل جامعهپذیری در بین جوانان و مصرف موسیقی آنان رابطه وجود دارد؟ آیا سبکهای مصرفی تابع قاعدهای خاص نیستند؟ 2-پیشینه تجربی پژوهش فاضلی(1384) در مطالعهای تحت عنوان «جامعهشناسی مصرف موسیقی» در تهران، درصدد دستیابی به این است که چه عواملی نوع و میزان مصرف فرهنگی مردم را تعیین میکنند، چرا که امروزه نقش مصرف در خلق هویتها و همچنین اقتصاد فرهنگ بسیار مهم است. او برای بررسی این مسأله از نظریهی تحلیل طبقاتی بوردیو استفاده کرده و دو متغیر کلیدی طبقهی اجتماعی و سرمایهی فرهنگی را برای تبیین مصرف موسیقی در نظر گرفته است. نتایج تحلیل نشان داده که علیرغم تأییدشدن تمایز طبقاتی در مصرف موسیقی، تبیینکنندگی کم و همچنین ضرایب همبستگی اندک مشاهدهشده در اغلب آزمونها، لزوم بازنگری در نظریهی طبقاتی مصرف فرهنگی را خاطر نشان میسازد. او نتیجه میگیرد که برای بررسی مصرف موسیقی علاوه بر اتکا به نظریههای طبقاتی باید به دیگر متغیرها و شرایط خاص هر جامعه نیز توجه کرد. املیلا کریمی(1383) در تحقیقی تحت عنوان نشانهشناسی ترانههای موسیقی پاپ با نظر بر تحول فرهنگی ایران در دهه 70 از روش نشانهشناسی سوسور استفاده نموده، ضمن این که برای نشان دادن تحولات فرهنگی در ایران در دهه 70 نیز از نظریه تحول ارزشی و فرهنگی اینگلهارت استفاده نموده است. این کار تحقیقی تنها در مورد ترانههای سروده شده توسط نیلوفر لاریپور با صدای شادمهر عقیلی به اجرا در آمده است. مژگان مقتدر سنگسری(1378) در پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد خو تحت عنوان «جامعهشناسی موسیقی بررسی مقولات اجتماعی در موسیقی ایران» بحث از ریشهیابی مقولات اجتماعی در موسیقی ایران را در دستور کار خود قرار داد.موضوعاتی چون پویایی شؤون اجتماعی(مناسبات موسیقی هنر و دیگر تجلیلات نظری جامعه) پویایی طبقاتی هنرمند (آمیختگی طبقات جامعه تأثیر هنر دوران و مخاطبین هنرها پویایی شخصیت هنرمند (پایگاه اجتماعی بینش اجتماعی) هنرمند را از طریق روش کمی و یا نظرسنجی از صد نفر نمونه بررسی نموده است. حولوری(؟) در تحقیق خود تحت عنوان «موسیقی تلویزیون و انواع فرهنگ جوانان در هند» به موسیقی که جوانان هندی تا قبل از دهه 90 میلادی به آن گوش میدادند اشاره کرده و اعتقاد دارد قبلاً موسیقیها به نوعی در دست کمپانیهای مخصوص بوده و آنها دروازهبان موسیقی بودند. از دهه 90 به این سو به دلیل بوجود آمدن فضاهای جهانی این دروازهبانی حذف گردید. برونو نتل(1382) محقق انسان شناسی موسیقی و استاد دانشگاه ایلینوی است وی متخصص سرخپوستان آمریکا و ایران و صاحب کتب و مقالات مختلفی در این زمینه میباشد. کار تحقیقی وی با عنوان نقش فرهنگ در موسیقی، ایران ملتی تازه توسعه، منتشر شده است. 3-مبانی نظری 3-1- تئوریهای مرتبط با جامعه شناسی هنر وموسیقی بنیانگذاران جامعهشناسی که به عنوان پدران این علم محسوب میشوند مسأله هنر را بیشتر در حاشیه کار خود در نظر میگرفتند. امیل دورکیم مادامی به هنر کار داشت که آن را در پیوند با دین بتواند مطالعه کند. نظریه هگل در مورد هنر دو جنبه دارد. اول اینکه وی در مورد هنر گذشته صحبت میکند، ثانیاً فلسفه هنر را ابزار علمی فهم طبیعت هنر میداند. هگل (1979) معتقد است که هدف هنر، غایتی در خود هنر است. در این ارتباط هگل این توصیه را که هنر یک «رابطه بین عقل و احساس، بین تمایل و وظیفه» است که این عناصر متناقض را با هم آشتی میدهد، مورد انتقاد قرار میدهد. وی ادامه میدهد که این حوزهها قابل جمع نیستند زیرا آنها مفاهیمی ناب و کاملاً جدا از هم هستند، همچنین هنر نیز با به عهده گرفتن چنین وظیفهای ارزشمندتر نمیشود. بررسی تاریخچه تکاملی علم موسیقی ـ که جامعهشناسی موسیقی نیز در این میان تکامل یافته ـ حاکی از آن است که جامعه شناسان در ابتدا کمتر به موسیقی پرداختهاند.فوکس معتقد است نمیتوان کتمان کرد که موسیقی محصول و زاییده نوع انسان است یعنی هرجا که او پا گذاشته موسیقی پدید آمده است. در شرایط اجتماعی نوین معدود نقاطی وجود دارد که موسیقی به آن راه نیافته باشد و کمتر زمانهایی است که هیچ اثر موسیقایی در آن پدید نیامده باشد (فوکس، ۱۹۹۲: ۶۷). بنابراین با ارائه این تعریف و تعاریف مشابه ای از این دست می توان ادعا کرد که موسیقی بی تردید عملکردی اجتماعی دارد. به اعتقاد والتر زرواکی هدف اصلی جامعه شناسی موسیقی این است که موسیقی در چه شرایط اجتماعی و فرهنگی پدید می آید(زرواکی، ۱۹۸۳: ۳۷). این تعریف بسیار کلی است زیرا در اکثر موارد نمی توان شرایط فرهنگی را با قطعیت روشن ساخت و تنها در صورتی می توان گفت که موسیقی در چه شرایط فرهنگی پدید آمده (البته اگر ممکن باشد) که جامعه شناسی موسیقی در ارتباطی تنگاتنگ با سایر شاخه های فرهنگ شناسانه قرار بگیرد. در هر حال زرواکی جامعه شناسی موسیقی را تنها به عنوان علم کمکی مهم موسیقی می شمارد و نه به عنوان یک مقوله مستقل (زرواکی، ۱۹۸۳: ۳۸). کورت بلوکوپف بر خلاف زرواکی دامنه وظایف جامعه شناسی را محدودتر ساخته و اظهار می دارد که جامعه شناسی موسیقی اعمال موسیقایی را به مثابه رفتاری اجتماعی در نظر می گیرد تا در پرتو آن بتواند روند شکل یابی اعمال موسیقایی را تشریح کند. کنت اولین شخصی بود که نظری جامعه شناسانه به موسیقی افکند.یکی از نظریات اساسی کنت این بود که جامعه سه مرحله تئولوژیک (خداشناسی)، متافیزیک و اثبات گرایی را طی کرده است که با ظهور مرحله اثبات گرایی تاریخ تکامل بشر پایان یافته تلقی شده است. کنت به موازات آن به هنرهای دیگر همچنین موسیقی نیز نظر افکند. او نموداری برای هنر رسم کرد که شعر در رأس آن، سپس موسیقی و پس از آن سایر هنرها در پلکان بعدی قرار گرفتند. او به هنر تنها به منظور پیریزی افکارش نظر افکند. با فرض صحیح بودن تئوری تکامل کنت پس روشن می شود که بشریت و هنر (موسیقی) بعد از ظهور رئالیسم ـ قرن نوزدهم ـ دیگر تکامل نیافتند. البته تئوری وی به سرعت مورد نقد قرار گرفت: «کنت بدون شک مرحله سوم ـ اثبات گرایی ـ را مرحله نهایی تکامل بشر برشمرد» (دورکهایم، ۱۹۷۰ : ۱۹۹). اسپنسر قانون پیشرفت همگن به ناهمگن را مطرح می کند و در حقیقت اذعان می دارد که همگنی همیشه از ناهمگنی حاصل می شود. اسپنسر این قانون خود را به تمام اجتماعات غیر ارگانیک، ارگانیک و فرا ارگانیک تعمیم می دهد. او که مدعی سرسخت قانون خویش است تلاش می کند آن را با ارائه مثالهایی مدلل سازد، او با استفاده از هنر و همچنین موسیقی نظریه خود را متصور می سازد. «رقص، شعر و موسیقی که احتمالاً در ابتدا حوزه ای واحد بوده اند با گذشت زمان به حوزه های مجزایی بدل شده اند» (بلوکوپف،1996: 25). اسپنسر همواره تفاوتهایی را میان این حوزه ها (به طور مثال هنر) قائل میشود و البته این تئوری وی دست کم در مورد موسیقی صدق می کند، با تکامل یافتن سبکهای مجزای موسیقی این تفاوتها آشکارتر می گردد. قانون معتبر و جهان شمول اسپنسر به راحتی مورد ظن قرار میگیرد اما در هر حال دیدگاه های مهمی را برای مبحث جامعه شناسی موسیقی ارائه میکند (بلوکوپف، 1996: 29). کمباریو اولین کسی بود که آثار موسیقایی را به کمک روشهای جامعهشناسانه مورد تحلیل قرار داد. البته نظریات وی نقصهایی داشت که بعدها توسط تئودور آدورنو تکامل یافت(مولر، ۱۹۹۰: ۹۹). او سه راه کلی برای تجزیه و تحلیل یک اثر موسیقایی پیشنهاد کرد: ۱) گنجاندن ویژگیهای اجتماعی در اثر موسیقایی بنا بر موقعیت تاریخی آن. این شیوه بر پایه تفکرات تین استوار است و کمباریو در تحقیقاتش از آن بهره جست. ۲) همسو کردن ویژگیهای ساختاری کمپوزیسیون با ویژگیهای الگویی جامعه ـ زمان خلق اثر. ۳) بررسی تأثیرات متفاوت یک اثر در مراحل متفاوت تاریخ موسیقی و تحلیل مشکلات آن و سپس بررسی نظریه های متفاوت در یک اثر. این روش بر پایه این تئوری استوار است که بیان می دارد یک اثر همواره بر سلیقه همگانی نیز تأثیر گذار است و آن را توسعه می بخشد.(بلوکوپف، ۱۹۹۶: ۱۰۷). 3-2- تئوریهای مرتبط با سبک زندگی تئوری سبک زندگی گیدنز: به تدریج مفهوم سبک زندگی در تنازع میان شواهدی از کم رنگ شدن الگوهای تبیین طبقاتی و تقویت دایره اختیار افراد در گزینش شیوه های زندگی نضج گرفت این تنازع در برداشت آنتونی گیدنز از مفهوم سبک زندگی به خوبی آشکار میشود. به اعتقاد وی فرد در زندگی روزمره با تنوع گستردهای از انتخابها روبهروست. این تنوع زیاد امنیت هستی شناختی را با مشکل مواجه میسازد. از همینرو افراد برای آنکه مجبور نباشند در هر لحظه تصمیمی اتخاذ کنند، مجموعهای از انتخابها را به صورت الگومند پذیرا میشوند. البته نباید تصور کرد که پذیراشدن این الگو یک سره فرآیندی آگاهانه یا صرفاً ناخودآگاه است. این مجموعه الگومند، راهنمایی برای کنش میشود و فرد را از این معضل که در هر لحظه مجبور به تصمیمگیری آگاهانه باشد میرهاند. هر سبک زندگی «... مستلزم مجموعهای از عادتها و جهتگیریها و بنابراین برخوردار از نوعی وحدت است که علاوه بر اهمیت خاص خود از نظر تداوم امنیت وجودی پیوند بین گزینشهای فرعی موجود در یک الگوی کم و بینش منظم را نیز تأمین میکند» (گیدنز، 1378: 121). تئوری سبک زندگی بوردیو: درک سهم بوردیو در بحث سبک زندگی نیازمند شناخت شبکه مفاهیمی است که به کار میگیرد. در کنار مفاهیم عمدهای که وی از آنها استفاده میکند، باید فرضیه مشهور سرمایه فرهنگی و بازتولید فرهنگی را هم که وی به طور جدی ساخته و پرداخته کرده، بررسی کرد. فرضیه سرمایه فرهنگی و بازتولید فرهنگی و طبقاتی در دل شبکه مفاهیم وی، نظریهای برای تبیین ذائقههای مصرف فرهنگی ایجاد میکند. هفت مفهوم محوری اندیشه بوردیو میدان، سرمایه، منش عمل، نماد، طبقه و ذائقه هستند. (بوردیو، 1384) در نظر بوردیو، شیوههای مختلف تملک سرمایه در درون هر طبقه، موجد ذوق و ذائقه متفاوتی است. اگرچه ظاهراً ذائقهها به صورت مستقل و در فضای اجتماعی سنجش میشوند، اما محصول منشهایی هستند که ماهیت طبقاتی دارند. ذائقهها صرفاً مقولاتی زیباشناختی نیستند، بلکه درک کردن محصولاتی که سنجش ذائقهها بر مبنای آنها صورت میگیرد، مستلزم مسلط شدن بر مجموعهای از رمزهای نمادین و پرورش فرهنگی است که به ترکیب سرمایهها در جایگاههای طبقاتی بستگی دارد. از همین جاست که بحث درباره سرمایه فرهنگی را میتوان به کانون نظریه بوردیو درباره سبک زندگی منتقل کرد. به عبارتی، ذائقه به پی آمد ترکیب سرمایهها در جایگاههای طبقاتی تبدیل میشود و در بحث سبک زندگی و به ویژه زندگی فرهنگی، سرمایه فرهنگی به عنوان تبیینکننده ذائقه مصرف فرهنگی افراد مطرح میشود. سرمایه فرهنگی طبقاتی، ذائقههایی را در افراد شکل میدهد و افراد از همین ذائقهها برای ایجاد تمایز و همچنین منازعه بر سر مشروعیت و قدرت فرهنگی و همچنین تبدیل کردن سرمایه فرهنگی خود به سرمایه اجتماعی و سرمایه اقتصادی استفاده میکنند (فاضلی،1382: 46). 4-چارچوب نظری در این پژوهش به منظور ارائه چهارچوب تئوریکی پس از ذکر مطالبی پیرامون تاریخچه موسیقی در ایران و اروپا و تعاریف مفهومی این متغیر به دیدگاههای نظریه پردازانی در این زمینه پرداخته شد در سنت نظریه جامعهشناختی هفت نسل پژوهش درباره جامعهشناسی موسیقی وجود دارد که هر نسل از زاویه و با روش متفاوتی به بررسی تولید یا مصرف موسیقی پرداخته است. از ابتدای دهه 1970 میلادی سنت پژوهشهای کمی نسل پنجم- درباره موسیقی آغاز میشود. پیر بوردیو تاثیرگذارترین متفکر این جریانست وی با طرح مفاهیمی نظیر سبک زندگی، سرمایه فرهنگی، بازتولید طبقاتی و مهمتر از همه تمایز موج جدیدی از پژوهش در حوزه مصرف فرهنگی را آغاز کرد(فاضلی،1382: 46). دی نورا معتقد است این شکل از پژوهشهای اجتماعی در باره موسیقی که بررسی ارتباطات میان مصرف موسیقی، ذائقههای فرهنگی و پایگاههای اجتماعی افراد را مدنظر دارد شکل غالب جامعهشناسی موسیقی بوده است این موج از پژوهش جامعهشناختی درباره مصرف فرهنگی و بالأخص مصرف موسیقی تمایزات طبقاتی در مصرف فرهنگی تبیین شکلگیری ذائقههای فرهنگی و مصرف به قصد ایجاد تمایز و نشان دادن مرزهای طبقاتی اصلی ترین مقولات پژوهشی هستند. بعدها این سنت در کارهای کسانی چون پاول دی مگیو و ریچارد پیترسون ادامه مییابد. مطابق فرضیه پیترسون افراد دارای پایگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی بالاتر از ژانرهای موسیقیای متنوع تری استفاده می کنند بنابراین در این صورت باید همبستگی مثبتی میان پایگاه اقتصادی–اجتماعی افراد و نوع موسیقی مورد مصرف آنها وجود داشته باشد(Peterson & Ker, 1996). تیمی رایس 3 عامل را در شکلگیری و تغییر و تحول فرهنگ موسیقیایی مؤثر میداند: 1- پشتوانه تاریخی 2- نیروهای مؤثر در تثبیت تعدیل یا تغییر عوامل فرهنگی 3- قدرت خلاقه و تجربیات شخصی موسیقیدان رایس مطالعه ریشههای تاریخی اشکال مختلف موسیقیایی فعلی و روند تغییرات آن را بسیار مهم می داند. از نظر او نیروهای اجتماعی نهادها سیستم باورها در تثبیت یا تغییر فرهنگ موسیقیایی نقش مهمی بازی می کند.وی شرایط زیست محیطی اقتصادی سیاسی و اجتماعی را از عوامل عمده تأثیرگذار در نحوه شکلگیری فرهنگ موسیقی میداند(فاطمی، 1378: 145). اما از آنجایی که این پژوهش بررسی گرایش جوانان شهر زنجان به مصرف انواع موسیقی بود در نهایت از تئوری گرایش فیش باین و آیزن استفاده شد. به نظر این دو نظریهپرداز، رفتار در پی زنجیرهای از عوامل به وجود میآید. حلقه ما قبل بروز رفتار(قصد ونیت) برای انجام یک رفتار بارفتار بالقوه است. بوجودآمدن قصد و نیت به نوبه خود، تابع دو متغیر دیگر است: 1- گرایش به سوی آن رفتار 2- هنجارذهنی متغیر گرایش به رفتاری خاص یک متغیر فردی و شخصی است که طی آن، فرد انجام یک رفتار (یا یک پدیده) را از نظر خودش ارزیابی میکند که آیا خوب است یابد. عنصر دوم نظریه مزبور یعنی هنجارهای ذهنی- حاوی عنصر اجتماعی است، یعنی: اعتقادات شخص درباره طرز تفکر دیگران درمورد اعمالی که انجام میدهند. به عبارت دیگر متغیر هنجار ذهنی منعکسکننده نفوذ و فشار اجتماعی است که شخص آن را برای انجام کاری (رفتاری) احساس و ادراک می کند. در این نظریه گرایش به نوبه خود، تابع دو عامل «انتظار فایده» و«ارزیابی فایده» درنظرگرفته شده است. «انتظارفایده» به معنای آن است که یک شخص تاچه حد از یک پدیده انتظارفایده دارد. "ارزیابی فایده " یعنی: شخص ارزیابی میکند که آیا آن پدیده به نظر او فایده داشته است (یا دارد) یاخیر. اما در این پژوهش، گرایش هسته اصلی مطالعه و متغیر است و سایر متغیرها می توانند در صورت لزوم و فقط تا آن جا که برای اهداف تحقیق و تبیین گرایش نسبت به موسیقی مفید می باشند، مورد استفاده قرارگیرند. لذا دراین تحقیق از نظریه مزبور تنها هنجار ذهنی به عنوان متغیر مستقل و مؤثر بر گرایش استخراج گردید(رفیعپور، 1372: 11 به نقل از قمریان، 1382: 11-12). نظریه میدانی کورت لوین رفتار انسانی را تابع عوامل مختلف و به هم وابسته میداند. لوین این عوامل را به دو گونه تقسیم میکند: خصوصیات شخصی و خصوصیات محیطی که هر یک از این عوامل در گرایش افراد به مصرف انواع موسیقی موثر باشد(رفیعپور،1374 :59). از نظر مازلو نیز انسان دارای نیازهای است که این نیازها را به صورت نیازهای 5 گانه تقسیم میکند. از جمله نیازهای جسمی و نیاز به ایمنی و اطمینان و محبت و تعلق و نیاز به احترام و نیاز به خویشتنیابی میتوان گفت اکثر نیازهای جسمی دارای محتوای اجتماعی و فرهنگی نیز میباشند بدین معنی که با ارضای یک نیاز ظااهراً جسمانی، همواره ارضای نیازهای والاتر اجتماعی(ایمنی، تأیید و منزلت) دنبال میشود که آنها دیگر قابل اشباع نیستند به نظر میرسد نیازهای هنری نیز یک مرحله از نیازهای انسانی است که با ارضا شدن آن سطوح دیگر نیازها تحقق مییابد. (رفیع پور،1374: 63-65). نیز با توجه به نظریه رویکرد استفاده و خشنودی افراد با استفاده از مصرف موسیقی به جبران قسمتی از نیازهای خود میپردازند (کورزینسکی، 2007: 256). با توجه به استفاده از تئوری اجتماعیشدن میتوان گفت خانواده، دوستان و رسانهها از عوامل جامعهپذیری فرهنگی تأثیرگذار بر ذائقه فرهنگی افراد میباشد. 5- فرضیههای تحقیق -به نظر میرسد عوامل فردی در گرایش جوانان به موسیقی مؤثر میباشد. - به نظر میرسد جامعه پذیری در گرایش جوانان به موسیقی مؤثر میباشد. - به نظر میرسد سبک زندگی در گرایش جوانان به موسیقی مؤثر میباشد. - به نظر میرسد ارضای نیازها در گرایش جوانان به موسیقی مؤثر میباشد. 6- روششناسی در این پژوهش از دو روش اسنادی و پیمایشی جهت گردآوری اطلاعات استفاده شده است. با استفاده از روش اسنادی ابعاد مفهومی و نظری موضوع، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته و با بکارگیری روش پیمایشی چگونگی توزیع و روابط بین متغیرهای مستقل و وابسته تحقیق در جامعه مورد مطالعه بررسی شده است. از نظر معیار اجرایی این تحقیق از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی به شمار میآید که با بازبینی و شناسایی عوامل عوامل مرتبط با میزان گرایش به موسیقی چشماندازهای آینده را مورد توجه قرارداده، در صددیم عوامل موثر بر آن را شناسایی کنیم. از آنجایی که این تحقیق در برهه زمانی خاصی انجام شده در زمره تحقیقات مقطعی یا عرضی قرار میگیرد. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را جوانان شهر زنجان تشکیل میدهند که طبق آمار ارائه شده توسط سازمان ثبت احوال استان شامل 222574 نفر میباشد. در فرمول کوکران 268 نفر به عنوان حجم نمونه به دست آمد. بعد از برآورد حجم نمونه در مرحله اول از روش نمونهگیری تصادفی طبقهای استفاده شده است که بر مبنای تعدادجوانان (جمعیت آماری ) شهر زنجان جهت توزیع پرسشنامه در سطوح مختلف شهر به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی در نظر گرفته شد. که جهت توزیع مناطق سهگانه شهر به صورت مناطق بالای شهر و مناطق مرکز شهر و مناطق پایین شهر انتخاب گردید.در پژوهش حاضر برای سنجش پایایی ابزار پژوهش از روش آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده که در جریان مطالعه مقدماتی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. جدول شماره 1: ضرایب آلفای کرونباخ متغیرهای تحقیق گویهها گرایش به موسیقی سبک زندگی ارضای نیازها جامعهپذیری آلفای کرونباخ 78/0 69/0 74/0 71/0 همچنین برای تعیین اعتبار ابزار تحقیق (پرسشنامه) از روش اعتبار صوری استفاده شده است. 7- یافتههای تحقیق 7-1- آمار توصیفی جدول2: توزیع فراوانی عوامل فردی متغیر فراوانی درصد سن 21-13 سال 68 4/25 26-22 سال 77 7/28 33-27 سال 123 9/45 جنس زن 157 2/58 مرد 111 8/41 وضعیت تاهل مجرد 154 5/57 متاهل 114 5/42 سطح تحصیلات زیر دیپلم 28 4/10 دیپلم 47 5/17 کاردانی 35 1/13 کارشناسی 133 6/49 کارشناسی ارشد 21 8/7 دکتری 4 5/1 - همانگونه که از جدول فوق بر میآید: 4/25% پاسخگویان در گروه سنی21-13 ساله، 7/28% در گروه سنی 26-22 ساله و 9/45% در گروه سنی 33-27 ساله قرار دارند. - همچنان که از جدول فوق بر میآید 21/58% پاسخگویان را زنان و 79/41% آنان را مردان تشکیل میدهند. - همان گونه که از جدول فوق بر میآید 46/57% پاسخگویان مجرد و 54/42% پاسخگویان متأهل میباشند. - همچنان که از جدول فوق بر میآید 4/10% پاسخگویان دارای تحصیلات زیردیپلم، 56/17% دیپلم، 1/13% فوقدیپلم، 6/46% لیسانس, 8/7% نیز دارای تحصیلات فوق لیسانس و تنها 5/1% دارای تحصیلات دکترا میباشند. جدول3: توزیع نمونه بر حسب میزان گرایش به موسیقی متغیر فراوانی درصد گرایش به موسیقی بالا 27 1/10 متوسط 195 8/72 پایین 46 2/17 همچنان که از جدول فوق برمی آید 1/10 درصد پاسخگویان گرایش پایینی به موسیقی 8/72 درصد به میزان متوسط و 2/17 پاسخگویان به میزان بالایی به موسیقی گرایش دارند. جدول4: توزیع نمونه بر حسب میزان گرایش پاسخگویان به نوع خاصی از موسیقی متغیرها گرایش بالا گرایش متوسط گرایش پایین عدم گرایش گرایش به موسیقی خارجی 2/14% 1/20% 22% 7/43% گرایش به موسیقی خوانندگان لوس آنجلسی 9/23% 4/13% 6/21% 41% گرایش به موسیقی صدا و سیما 99/27% 64/21% 04/16% 33/34% گرایش به موسیقی سنتی 5/57% 2/14% 6% 4/22% گرایش به موسیقی ایرانی بدون کلام 6/21% 7/25% 4/10% 2/42% گرایش به موسیقی پاپ, جاز و راک خارجی 1/20% 8/13% 9/23% 2/42% گرایش به موسیقی پاپ ایرانی 5/54% 3/15% 6/5% 6/24% گرایش به موسیقی زیرزمینی 3/40% 4/19% 7/6% 6/33% گرایش به موسیقی راک زیرزمینی 3/18% 1/20% 9/14% 6/46% بالایی به موسیقی محلی 46/32% 88/23% 18/14% 48/29% گرایش به موسیقی پاپ بدون کلام خارجی 66/18% 51/23% 78/19% 06/38% گرایش به موسیقی پاپ بدون کلام ایرانی 21% 5/23% 3/15% 6/39% بنابراین نتایج توصیفی مربوط به متغیر گرایش به نوع موسیقی در بین جوانان نشان میدهد که بیشترین گرایش به استفاده از انواع 12 گانه موسیقی مربوط به گرایش به نوع سنتی با 5/57 درصد و پاپ ایرانی با 5/54 میباشد و کمترین میزان گرایش مربوط به موسیقی راک زیرزمینی با 6/46 درصد میباشد. جدول5: توزیع نمونه بر حسب فعالیت های اوقات فراغت شاخص ها بالا متوسط پایین مطالعه درسی 75/42% 68/42% 57/25% مطالعه غیر درسی 28/29% 59/42% 14/28% رفتن به سینما 1/9% 7/29% 2/61% ورزش کردن 42/30% 98/34% 6/34% گوش دادن به موسیقی 6/63% 1/26% 2/10% تماشای تلویزیون 5/52% 1/32% 5/15% رفتن به مسافرت 8/30% 44/41% 76/27% دیدار دوستان 8/46% 5/38% 7/14% بر اساس نتایج بدستآمده میتوان گفت افراد مورد بررسی به لحاظ فعالیتهای اوقات فراغت بالاترین فعالیت اوقات فراغت آنها با 6/63 درصد مربوط به گوش دادن به موسیقی بوده و پس از آن با 5/52 درصد تماشای تلویزیون را از جمله فعالیت های مهم اوقات فراغت خود برشمردهاند. همچنین رفتن به سینما با 2/61 درصد کمترین فعالیت صورت گرفته در اوقات فراغت جوانان را به خود اختصاص داده است. 7-2- آمار استنباطی در این بخش از تحقیق سعی شده است تا فرضیههای تحقیق مورد آزمون قرار گیرند. در آمار استنباطی هدف این است که بتوانیم پارامترهای جمعیتی را از روی آمارههای نمونهای برآورد نمائیم. به عبارت دیگر هدف آمار استنباطی برآورد ارزشهای جمعیتی از روی ارزشهای نمونه ای است. جدول6: نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون بین متغیر های مستقل و گرایش جوانان به موسیقی مستقل وابسته متغیر ضریب پیرسون سطح معنی داری تعداد گرایش جوانان به موسیقی سن پاسخگویان 057/0- 352/0 268 سبک زندگی **258/0 000/0 268 میزان ارضای نیازها **458/0 000/0 268 میزان جامعهپذیری **369/0 000/0 268 - خروجی آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشانگر این است که بین متغیر سن پاسخگویان و میزان گرایش به موسیقی آنان 05/0 همبستگی وجود دارد. این مقدار همبستگی با تعداد نمونه 268 نفر با مقدار352/0 sig= معنیدار نمی باشد. بنابراین بین دو متغیر مورد بررسی همبستگی وجود ندارد و فرض H0 تأیید و فرض H1 رد میشود. - خروجی آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشانگر این است که بین متغیر سبک زندگی و میزان گرایش به موسیقی 28/0 همبستگی وجود دارد. این مقدار همبستگی با تعداد نمونه 268 نفر با مقدار 000/0 sig= معنیدار میباشد. بنابراین بین دو متغیر مورد بررسی همبستگی ضعیفی وجود دارد. به عبارت دیگر با افزایش شاخص متغیر مستقل ، میزان متغیر وابسته نیز افزایش خواهد یافت. لذا فرض H1 تأیید و فرض H0 رد می شود. - خروجی آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشانگر این است که بین متغیر میزان ارضای نیازها و میزان گرایش به موسیقی 48/0 همبستگی وجود دارد. این مقدار همبستگی با تعداد نمونه 268 نفر با مقدار 000/0 sig= معنی دار می باشد. بنابراین بین دو متغیر مورد بررسی همبستگی متوسطی وجود دارد. به عبارت دیگر با افزایش شاخص متغیر مستقل ، میزان متغیر وابسته نیز افزایش خواهد یافت. لذا فرض H1 تأیید و فرض H0 رد می شود. - خروجی آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشانگر این است که بین متغیر میزان جامعه پذیری و میزان گرایش به موسیقی 36/0 همبستگی وجود دارد. این مقدار همبستگی با تعداد نمونه 268 نفر با مقدار 000/0 sig= معنی دار می باشد. بنابراین بین دو متغیر مورد بررسی همبستگی ضعیف رو به متوسطی وجود دارد. به عبارت دیگر با افزایش شاخص متغیر مستقل، میزان متغیر وابسته نیز افزایش خواهد یافت. لذا فرض H1 تأیید و فرض H0 رد میشود. جدول7: آزمون T گرو ه های مستقل بر حسب متغیر جنسیت پاسخگویان و گرایش به موسیقی میزان گرایش به موسیقی فراوانی میانگین انحراف معیار خطای معیار میانگین زن 156 6288/2 49306/0 03948/0 مرد 112 5235/2 56700/0 05358/0 آزمون لون (برابری واریانس) آزمون برابری میانگین F معنی داری T (مقدار آماره) درجه آزادی سطح معنیداری تفاوت میانگین انحراف معیار فاصله اطمینان حد پایین حد بالا واریانس بینگروهی 361/1 244/0 618/1 266 107/0 10525/0 06504/0 0228/0- 23332/0 واریانس درون گروهی 582/1 18/218 115/0 10525/0 06655/0 0259/0- 23641/0 خروجی آزمونT برای مقایسه جنسیت پاسخگویان از نظر میانگین گرایش به موسیقی آنان، بیانگر این است که بر مبنای آزمون برابری واریانسها، با توجه به اینکه واریانس دو گروه مورد بررسی دارای تفاوت معنیدار نمیباشد بنابراین در بررسی این فرضیه از آزمون T با فرض برابری واریانسها استفاده میکنیم. خروجی آزمون نشان میدهد که مقدار T بدستآمده معادل 618/1 با درجه آزادی 266 و 107/0 sig= معنیدار نمیباشد و بین میانگین گرایش به موسیقی گروههای مورد بررسی تفاوت معنیدار وجود ندارد. شاخصهای توصیفی این آزمون نشان میدهد که زنان دارای میانگین گرایش به موسیقی معادل 62/2 و مردان دارای میانگین گرایش به موسیقی 52/2 میباشند که بین دو گروه مورد مقایسه تفاوت میانگین 10/0 مشاهده میشود. لذا فرض H0 تأیید و فرض H1 رد میشود. جدول8: آزمون T گرو ه های مستقل بر حسب متغیر وضعیت تاهل پاسخگویان و گرایش به موسیقی میزان گرایش به موسیقی فراوانی میانگین انحراف معیار خطای معیار میانگین مجرد 156 7308/2 53514/0 04312/0 متاهل 114 5227/2 51102/0 4786/0 آزمون لون (برابری واریانس) آزمون برابری میانگین F معنی داری T (مقدار آماره) درجه آزادی سطح معنی داری تفاوت میانگین انحراف معیار فاصله اطمینان حد پایین حد بالا واریانس بین گروهی 065/ 799/0 655/1 266 057/0 20803/0 06487/0 0196/0- 2357/0 واریانس درون گروهی 677/1 49/249 055/0 20803/0 06442/0 0188/0- 2349/0 خروجی آزمونT برای مقایسه وضعیت تأهل پاسخگویان از نظر میانگین گرایش به موسیقی آنان، بیانگر این است که بر مبنای آزمون برابری واریانسها، با توجه به اینکه واریانس دو گروه مورد بررسی دارای تفاوت معنیدار نمیباشد, بنابراین در بررسی این فرضیه از آزمون T با فرض برابری واریانسها استفاده می کنیم. خروجی آزمون نشان میدهد که مقدار T بدست آمده معادل 665/1 با درجه آزادی 266 و 097/0 sig=معنیدار میباشد و بین میانگین گرایش به موسیقی گروههای مورد بررسی تفاوت معنیدار وجود دارد. شاخصهای توصیفی این آزمون نشان میدهد که افراد مجرد دارای میانگین گرایش به موسیقی معادل 73/2 و مردان دارای میانگین گرایش به موسیقی 52/2 میباشند که بین دو گروه مورد مقایسه تفاوت میانگین 20/0 مشاهده میشود. لذا فرض H1 تأیید و فرض H0 رد میشود. جدول9: آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه برحسب سطح تحصیلات و متغیر وابسته میزان گرایش به موسیقی مجموع مربعات درجه آزادی میانگین مربعات مقدار آماره F سطح معنیداری بین گروهی 237/1 5 247/0 890/0 488/0 درون گروهی 852/72 262 278/0 جمع 089/74 267 با توجه به این کـه متغیر مستقل مـورد بررسی یک متغیر تـرتیبی بیش از دو طبقهای (سطح تحصیلات پاسخگویان) و متغیر وابسته یک متغیر فاصلهای (میزان گرایش به موسیقی)است، بنابراین برای بررسی رابطه بین این دو متغیر از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه استفاده شده است که خروجی آزمون در زیر گزارش میگردد: خروجی آزمون تحلیل واریانس با مقدار F معادل 890/0 و درجات آزادی 5 و 262 با مقدار 488/0 sig=معنیدار نمیباشد. بنابراین این آزمون نشان میدهد که سطح تحصیلات پاسخگویان بر میزان گرایش به موسیقی آنان اثر معنی داری ندارد. لذا فرض H0 تأیید و فرض H1 رد می شود. در پژوهش حاضر بر اساس چارچوب نظری تحقیق، متغیرهای مستقل را بصورت منطقی و بر حسب همگرایی و خطوط مشترک آنها ترکیب تا میزان تبیین تغییرات متغیر وابسته میزان گرایش به موسیقی را توسط متغیرهای مستقل تحقیق برآورد نماییم. جدول 10: اثرات مستقیم متغیرهای مستقل برمتغیر وابسته میزان گرایش به موسیقی ضرایب استاندار نشده ضرایب استانداردشده ضریب B انحراف استاندارد ضریب بتا مقدار آماره T سطح معنی داری ثابت 425/1 126/0 276/11 000/0 میزان ارضای نیازها 257/0 047/0 337/0 496/5 000/0 میزان جامعهپذیری 124/0 038/0 195/0 272/3 00/0 سبک زندگی 058/ 032/0 103 825/1 069/0 جدول11: اثرات مستقیم متغیرهای مستقل برمتغیر وابسته میزان ارضای نیازها ضرایب استانداردنشده ضرایب استانداردشده ضریب B انحراف استاندارد ضریب بتا مقدار آماره T سطح معنی داری ثابت 355/1 143/0 450/9 000/0 میزان جامعهپذیری 325/0 046/0 390/0 124/7 000/0 سبک زندگی 175/0 041/ 236/0 315/4 000/0 جدول12: اثرات مستقیم متغیرهای مستقل برمتغیر وابسته میزان جامعه پذیری ضرایب استاندارد نشده ضرایب استاندارد شده ضریب B انحراف استاندارد ضریب بتا مقدار آماره T سطح معنی داری ثابت 518/2 115/0 867/21 000/0 سبک زندگی 205/0 053/0 231/0 879/3 000/0 برای محاسبه کل اثرات غیرمستقیم یک متغیر بر متغیر دیگر اثرات مسیرهای غیرمستقیم آن دو متغیر را با همدیگر جمع می کنیم،برای محاسبه اثرات علی کل ،باید اثرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم با همدیگر جمع شوند. مجموع متغیرهای مستقل پژوهش 65 درصد واریانس متغیر وابسته گرایش به موسیقی را تبیین میکنند و 35 درصد بقیه که تحت عنوان واریانس تبیین نشده شناخته میشود توسط متغیرهای دیگری تبیین میگردند . 8- نتیجهگیری و پیشنهادات نتایج این پژوهش نشان میدهد که زنان نسبت به مردان، افراد مجرد نسبت به افراد متأهل گرایش بیشتری به موسیقی دارند و نیز از بین عوامل مستقل اثرگذار بر متغیر وابسته گرایش به موسیقی بیشترین تاثیر به ترتیب اولویت از متغیر ارضای نیاز (48%) عوامل جامعهپذیری (36%) و سبک زندگی (28%) ناشی میشود. بنابراین میتوان گفت رابطه موسیقی با جامعه رابطهای دو سویه است چرا که از یکسو مخاطبان با مصرف آن موجب رواج موسیقی خاص در جامعه شده و از سوی دیگر این آثار موسیقی به نوعی بیانگر مفاهیم اجتماعی روز جامعه هستند موسیقی را مردم بوجود میآورند و آهنگسازان آن رآ تنظیم میکند بنابراین هر گاه در جامعه برای ابراز عقاید، احساسات، ارزشها و ... محدودیتهایی وجود داشته باشد موسیقی به عنوان یک زبان میان جامعه و مردم شروع به فعالیت مینماید چنانچه اینگلهارت معتقد است اولویتهای فرد بازتاب محیط اجتماعی– اقتصادی اوست و افراد برای چیزهای کمیاب ارزش بیشتری قائل میشوند و در نتیجه موسیقی هایی که این ارزشها را برجسته میکنند از سوی افراد مصرف میشوند. هنگامی که موسیقیهای جدید وارد بازار میشوند این دلیلی بر این مدعاست که موسیقیهای کنونی نمیتوانند پاسخگوی نیاز افراد باشد در پژوهش حاضر نشان دادیم که سبک زندگی فرهنگی و پایگاه اقتصادی و اجتماعی عامل مهم تاثیرگذار در مصرف موسیقی میباشد (طبق نظر بوردیو) اما شدت آن به حدی نبود که بتوان روی آن حساب باز کرد این ناهمسازی بین نظریه و و واقعیت را میتوان به طریق زیر توضیح داد: این وضعیت میتواند ناشی از شرایط تولید و مصرف موسیقی در جامعه جدید باشد. زمانی موسیقی فقط در قالب اجراهای زنده قابل شنیدن بود و وسیلهای برای ضبط و شنیدن آن در هر زمان و مکان نداشت .بنا براین گستره مکانهایی که که میشد در معرض موسیقی قرار گرفت محدود بود در ضمن گستره تولید و تنوع موسیقی نیز اندک بود. اما امروزه پیشرفت تکنولوژی تمام مرزهای موجود را از میان برده است و در دور افتادهترین نقاط افراد به موسیقی دسترسی دارند که این موضوع تصورات رایج موجود در خصوص توزیع سرمایه های فرهنگی را تا حدی از بین برده است. صرفنظر از اهمیت پرداختن به موسیقی که در همه دنیا صدق میکند مسائلی در ایران وجود دارد که لزوم مطالعه موسیقیایی و مصرف موسیقی را جدی تر میکند. در ایران امروز به رغم وجود سابقه تاریخی تولید موسیقی وجود یک نظام موسیقیایی شناخته شده و غنی ،مشکلات متعددی درباره تولید و مصرف موسیقی وجود دارد و همین مشکلات که در قالب تعارضات دین و موسیقی بیشترین جلوه را داشتهاند سبب شده تا پژوهش درباره ابعاد مختلف تولید و مصرف موسیقی فاقد مشروعیت لازم باشد اگر چه جامعه ایرانی موسیقی و مصرف آن از سوی مردم را به مثابه واقعیتی گریزناپذیر احساس میکند اما کماکان، حداقل در عرصه رسمی و نظام سیاسی با موسیقی به مثابه عرصهای تابویی رفتار میشود. همین امر سبب شده است تا در دو دهه گذشته از غنای پژوهشهای اجتماعی درباره موسیقی بسیار کاسته شود. علاوه بر مسأله تابوییبودن بحث درباره موسیقی که البته در سالهای اخیر تا اندازهای از آن کاسته شده است، دولت در ایران موجودیتی بزرگ و همهجاگستر دارد و داعیه دخالت آن در عرصه فرهنگ بیش از هر جای دیگری است. با این حال همین دولت فاقد شناختهای کافی از عرصه تولید و مصرف موسیقی در کشوراست این چنین دولتی حتی فاقد توان لازم برای سیاستگذاری عاقلانه است. مسائل فوق به رابطه موسیقی و نظام سیاسی در ایران مربوط میشوند اما مسأله فقط به همین جا ختم نمیشود. در عرصه دانشگاهها نیزدایره بحث درباره تولید و مصرف فرهنگی گسترده نیست. با توجه به مرور ادبیات مربوط به مباحث همین پژوهش جامعهشناسی هنر به معنای تلاش برای تبیین جامعهشناختی تولید هنر و جامعهشناسی فرهنگ از فراموششدهترین عرصههای پژوهش اجتماعی در ایران هستند. بنابراین لازم است تا پژوهشهای جدی درباره هنر و بالاخص موسیقی را آغاز کرد. فهرست منابع اینگلهارت، ر، (1373)، تحول فرهنگی در جوامع پیشرفته صنعتی، ترجمه مریم وتر، انتشارات کویر، تهران. ببی، ا، (1386)، روشهای تحقیق در علوم اجتماعی، ترجمه رضا فاضل، نشر سمت، تهران. دواس، دی. ای، (1387)، پیمایش در تحقیقات اجتماعی، ترجمه هوشنگ نایبی، نشر نی، تهران. رفیع پور، ف، (1384)، تکنیکهای خاص تحقیق در علوم اجتماعی، شرکت سهامی انتشار، تهران. فاضلی، م.(1386)، جامعهشناسی مصرف موسیقی، انتشارات پژوهشگاه فرهنگ هنر و ارتباطات، تهران. فاطمی، س، (1385)، سازمان اداری موسیقی و قشرهای فرهنگی در جامعه، نشریه یازمان اداری هنر، شماره 2، مرکز تحقیقات و مطالعات هنری، تهران. کریمی، ا، (1383)، نشانهشناسی ترانههای موسیقی پاپ. کوثری، م، (1386)، گفتمانهای موسیقی در ایران، پژوهشنامه فرهنگستان هنر، ویژه نقد جامعه شناسی هنر، فرهنگستان هنر، شماره 2، تهران. کوثری، م، (1385)، هنر و مدرنیته در ایران. مجله حرفه هنرمند، شماره 8، زمستان ص 150-.155 کوثری، م، (1386)، درک آثار هنری در جامعه، هماندیشی جامعهشناسی هنر، فرهنگستان هنر، تهران. کوثری، م، (1387)، در آمدی بر موسیقی مردمپسند، انتشارات طرح آینده، تهران. گیدنز، آ، (1378)، جامعهشناسی، ترجمه منوچهر صبوری، نشر نی، تهران. مشحون، ح، (1380)، تاریخ موسیقی ایران، انتشارات فرهنگ، نشر نو، تهران. مقتدر سنگسری، م، (1378)، نیاز جامعه به موسیقی. فصلنامه ماهور، سال سوم، شماره هفتم. نتل، ب، (1382)، نقش موسیقی در فرهنگ ایران ملتی تازه توسعه یافته، ترجمه ناتالی چوبینه، فصلنامه موسیقی ماهور، سال ششم، شماره 21. Lomax, A. (1968). Folk sony style and culture, American for the Advancement of Science. Washington D.c Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the jundgemen of taste. Routledge. * تاریخ وصول: 17/12/1393 تاریخ پذیرش: 5/8/1394 1- گروه پژوهش علوم اجتماعی ، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران afsonkalife@yahoo.com 2- گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد بابل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بابل، ایران Majedeh_Gholipour@yahoo.com 3- گروه جامعه شناسی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران mirmohammadrezaei@yahoo.com 4- گروه پژوهش علوم اجتماعی ، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان، ایران naderloo59@yahoo.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The Role of Social Factors in the Explanation of Vandalism among High School Students in Andimeshk Focusing on the Social Security
Eshaq Arjmand Siapoush Abolghasem Haydarabadi Bahareh Arjomand Siapoush -
Open Access Article
106 - بررسی روشهای گرایش به مذهب در میان دانش آموزان دبیرستانی شهرستان اندیمشک
اسحاق ارجمند سیاهپوش حسن ارجمندی بهاره ارجمند سیاهپوش علی ارجمند Ahmad Reza Arjmandi -
Open Access Article
107 - Examining the spectrum of privacy and its place in responding to the user's needs in the co-working space. Case example: Metre Moraba Co-working space of mashhad.
Seyedeh Maryam Mojtabavi Yeganeh Poustchiniyan Mahla Rahmatian TusiIntroduction: Since the beginning of the 20th century, with the start of startups, there have been changes in the shape of coworking spaces that are suitable for the needs of today's societies. In addition to providing a suitable platform for the presence of people MoreIntroduction: Since the beginning of the 20th century, with the start of startups, there have been changes in the shape of coworking spaces that are suitable for the needs of today's societies. In addition to providing a suitable platform for the presence of people with startup and creative thinking, the coworking space creates the possibility of random interactions and the growth of creativity by responding to the social needs of users. Physical proximity between people with different abilities and talents increases the possibility of cooperation, teamwork, informal learning and individual growth. Among the few weaknesses of the coworking space, we can mention the distraction and lack of concentration of the users; Therefore, the purpose of this research is to know the level of solitude in the coworking space and to analyze its role in meeting the needs of users and to examine it in a case study (Metre Moraba Co-working space of Mashhad). Methodology: In the first step, the information was collected using the library-document method, and authentic written researches were used to compile the theoretical foundations and background of the research. In the second step, data collection has been done by the field method (presence in a case sample and using the tools of observation and interview and questionnaire). Through the observation tool, the authors picked up the characteristics of the environment and the behavior of the employees, and through an interview with the architect and manager of the meter moraba complex (Dr. Yalda Golriz), they got to know the concepts and the construction process of the project, and also by presenting a questionnaire to 11 users present in In the fall of 1401, the metre moraba collection investigated the role of solitude in responding to the needs of users. In the third step, through inferential studies, the levels of individual and group solitude have been analyzed in the examined sample (metre moraba coworking space). Results: The findings show that solitude plays an important role as an important factor in meeting the needs of users in a coworking space. Considering the existential role of solitude in creating concentration, creativity, flourishing of ideas, improving the work efficiency of the audience, it is necessary to provide individual and collective solitude in the shared work space. Examining the spectrum of solitude in the metre moraba. group shows that the collective spaces have quantitatively occupied the largest area of the space and qualitatively created collective solitude for the users. However, individual spaces are not quantitatively responsive to users, and qualitatively, they do not provide enough concentration, peace, and privacy for the audience; Therefore, in order to provide optimal solitude (individual and collective solitude), solutions have been presented in order to improve solitude. Conclusion: To create a sense of solitude in the interior, one should pay attention to simplicity, comfort, and natural elements and use appropriate decorations and lighting. These factors help the user to create a quiet and secluded space that is suitable for rest and relaxation. Work spaces with optimal privacy (simultaneous provision of individual and collective privacy) play an important role in advancing work goals (group and individual), therefore, in order to achieve optimal privacy, it is suggested to improve individual privacy quantitatively and qualitatively in the set of Metre Moraba Co-working space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - A Review of the Need Love in the Personalities of Tahmineh and Soudabeh based on Abraham Maslow's Theory
Fakhri Zarei Seyedkazem Mosavi Ali Mohammadi AsiabadiDue to the presence of human, literary works can be studied and criticized from the psychological aspect. In fact, these works are the good subject for these researches. Some works show an image of a self-actualized man. Some works show an image of a human being who has MoreDue to the presence of human, literary works can be studied and criticized from the psychological aspect. In fact, these works are the good subject for these researches. Some works show an image of a self-actualized man. Some works show an image of a human being who has achieved self-actualization. Humanitarianism is one of the influential streams of thought in psychology in which man and his achievement of self-actualization are important topics. Maslow, as one of the pioneers of Humanitarianism, presents a model in which basic human needs are classified into five levels. This model can be studied in some works such as Shahnameh which has a human-oriented nature. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and its main purpose is, the study of love in the personalities of Tahmineh and Soudabeh based on Abraham Maslow's theory, which can be a good example in the study of other characters, to identify self-actualized man. Hence, these two characters are studied according to the Maslow's hierarchy of needs. By studying these two characters, we can say, Tahmineh is a woman who has achieved self- actualization and Soudabeh has failed in this case. In addition this study show the reasons of Tahmineh's success and the reasons of Soudabeh's defeat. The results of this study show that how much epic-national characters have achieved human intellectual growth and how much they correspond to the developed human characters in psychology. Among the characters of Shahnameh, Tahmineh is one of the lovers of epic-lyrical stories and one can see the characteristics of self-actualized person in her behavior. Love, which is the common theme of this lyrical story and Maslow's theory, causes tahmineh achieve self-actualization. The opposite point of Tahmineh is Soodabeh. Studying Soudabeh personality shows her failure to meet her needs and not to go beyond its lowest levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - A Tailored Curriculum and Students’ General English Achievement across Gender
Bizhan Hekmatshoar Tabari Ramin Rahimi Mohammad Reza KhodarezaThe current study attempted to investigate the effect of a newly tailored curriculum on students’ general English achievement across gender as compared to the standard curriculum at Iranian tertiary education. The participants were 120 non-native undergraduate stu MoreThe current study attempted to investigate the effect of a newly tailored curriculum on students’ general English achievement across gender as compared to the standard curriculum at Iranian tertiary education. The participants were 120 non-native undergraduate students of Pre-requisite General English course majoring in different disciplines at Ayandegan Institute of Higher Education in Tonekabon city. They were assigned into four groups including female control and experimental as well as male control and experimental. The experimental groups received teaching through the tailored curriculum and the control groups through the standard one. All the groups were given pretest and posttest on general English achievement. In order to analyze the data, a Kolmogrove-Smirnov test and an Independent Samples T-test were utilized. The findings of the study indicated female participant’s outperformance compared to the male ones, after being treated with tailored curriculum (TC) and standard curriculum (SC). However, the male participants experienced higher degree of progress after receiving TC as compared to SC, while such progress was not seen for the female. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Whose Needs do we fit? Needs Analysis of English Curriculum for Arts Students and the Arts Industry in Taiwan
Min-Chen Tseng -
Open Access Article
111 - English Needs Analysis in the Workplace: The Case of Engineers in Esfahan Steel Company
Mahdokht Nilforoush Azizeh Chalak -
Open Access Article
112 - English Needs Analysis of Iran Air Airport Services Personnel at Isfahan Airport
Reza Barkhordari azizeh chalak -
Open Access Article
113 - Scale Validation of Persian Basic Psychological Needs Scale in E-learning Setting
Akram Kharazmi Hossein Kareshki Mahdi MoshkiThe aim of this research was providing Persian version of the basic psychological needsquestionnaire (Sorebo et al., 2009) and investigating its factor structure, reliability and validity among Iranian students in virtual courses. This was a cross sectional, descriptive MoreThe aim of this research was providing Persian version of the basic psychological needsquestionnaire (Sorebo et al., 2009) and investigating its factor structure, reliability and validity among Iranian students in virtual courses. This was a cross sectional, descriptive and correlational study conducted on 218 e-learning students of Hadith Sciences University in Mashhad. The sampling was performed with available sampling method. First, BPNS was translated from English to Persian and its face validity was confirmed by three e-learning specialists and three e-learning students. Then it was filled by the e-learning students. The validity of the questionnaire was examined by internal consistency and structure reliability with both methods of confirmatory factor analysis and heuristic analysis using SPSS and LISREL softwares. The Chronbach's alpha coefficients for all subscales and total scale were satisfied in terms of psychometric properties. The factor structure of BPNS using the exploratory factor analysis supported the 3 main factors model which explained 41 percent of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis results also indicated that items are good fit.Then, according to the evidence, BPNS in e-learning setting has good reliability and validity in Iranian population and is an appropriate tool for assessing the motivational and psychological aspects of learning in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Engineering Students' ESP Problems at Islamic Azad Universities in Mazandaran Province using WhatsApp Application
Maryam Roubdari Amir Marzban Syyad Hasan TalebiAbstractUsing a needs analysis (NA) and evaluation questionnaire, this study aimed at finding the common English language needs of engineering students regardless of their majors at Islamic Azad universities across Mazandaran province. At the same time, the ESP material MoreAbstractUsing a needs analysis (NA) and evaluation questionnaire, this study aimed at finding the common English language needs of engineering students regardless of their majors at Islamic Azad universities across Mazandaran province. At the same time, the ESP materials were also evaluated by both ESP students and instructors. Based on the NA conducted, an EGAP course was designed and taught to a group of students as the experimental group prior to their ESP course. Teaching was done using WhatsApp Messenger. Using WhatsApp gave students the opportunity to learn English in an environment they were familiar with. In fact, the advantage of using WhatsApp is that it provides a suitable educational environment that is always available to students and also allows easy communication with the professor. After the ESP course, the mean score of this group was compared to that of control group. The result of the independent samples t-test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups but the eta square was low and negligible, indicating that for more power, a longer treatment course was needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Thematic analysis: clinical trial of teaching and learning technologies and its experienced capabilities in improving neurodevelopmental disorders: (with emphasis on Special learning disability, mental retardation, autism spectrum)
seyyed mehdi sarkeshikiyan Zahra jamebozorgThe present study was about the clinical trial of educational technologies and its experienced capabilities in the improvement of neurodevelopmental disorders with emphasis on learning disabilities, mental retardation and autism spectrum. The research was qualitative in MoreThe present study was about the clinical trial of educational technologies and its experienced capabilities in the improvement of neurodevelopmental disorders with emphasis on learning disabilities, mental retardation and autism spectrum. The research was qualitative in terms of the applied purpose of the approach and the type of thematic analysis and the method used based on the Atrid-Sterling model. Using the purposeful method and selection of texts and using the theoretical saturation criterion, 70 articles (35 foreign articles and 35 internal articles) between 2000 and 2021 for foreign articles and for internal articles between 2009 and 1400 were selected and analyzed. Findings were analyzed and implemented in the form of basic, organizing, and comprehensive themes. MAXqda2018 software was used for data analysis. The results showed that 154 themes were related to the capabilities of technology in the improvement of neurodevelopmental disorders, which increased the effectiveness of technology in various areas of life of people with learning disabilities (55 themes), mental retardation (47 themes) and autism spectrum disorders (52 themes) showed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - The Rate of Blind Usage of Information and Communication Technology for Meeting Informational Needs
Hasan Siamian Mohammad Hassanzadeh Fatemeh Nooshinfard Nadjla HaririThis study aimed to assess the blind usage of ICT and special information media for meeting the information needs. Regarding the purpose, this research was applied and regarding the data collection, it was analytic which conducted in 2012. The statistical sample size de MoreThis study aimed to assess the blind usage of ICT and special information media for meeting the information needs. Regarding the purpose, this research was applied and regarding the data collection, it was analytic which conducted in 2012. The statistical sample size determined based on the Krejcie & Morgan table was 384. The data was collected using a researcher made questionnaire with 0.85 reliability coefficient. For data analysis, descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, percent and inferential statistics including the Friedman test and Binomial test were used. Results of the study of certain information media showed that item "listening" had the highest usage and items "Podcast" and "Vodcast" had no application. Most of the blind people's use of special information resource was "listening" and the lowest use of information resources of the blind people was "talking". More than half of the blind people used lower than the average size of Information Technology (electronic and internet resources). The most frequently used of the tool and technology for the blind people was "computer" and least used was "blog design and blogging". From the viewpoint of the blind people, the most resources required for training and guiding were the use of special software; guidance of librarians and talking books and the minimum of needed resource was "self-training". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - .The social dialectics of space ad culture: Recognition and a sociological explanation of spatial distribution
mehdi mobaraki .Bagher .Sarookhani .Mansoor .Vosooghi.Applying spatial justice, this paper tries to probe deeply into the true nature of objectified culture in Arak. Our ultimate goals are to recognize the position and role of culture in urban planning systems, and also understand the attribution and distri More.Applying spatial justice, this paper tries to probe deeply into the true nature of objectified culture in Arak. Our ultimate goals are to recognize the position and role of culture in urban planning systems, and also understand the attribution and distribution of cultural applications as the platform for the formation of cultural activities. It also tries to determine the conformity of these spaces with cultural needs and eligibility of citizens. To do so, quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analyzed simultaneously. A survey is conducted to collect quantitative data pertaining to the amount and type of cultural demands and eligibility. Moreover, the sampling methods is PPS. Secondary analysis is used to gather information about the distribution of cultural land use in Arak and GIS software is applied to localize the obtained data. According to the results, the patterns of spatial distribution of culture in the examined areas of Arak are problematic, inefficient and unjust. Additionally, the distribution of cultural facilities in urban areas is limited, inefficient and unequal. Also, there is no significant relationship between public interests and the cultural needs and eligibility of citizens in the urban areas studied Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Designing a Participation Model of Knowledge Companies in Urban Planning Studies in order to meet the Urban Railway's technological needs: (Case Study: Tehran Metro Co.)
Hamed Abasi Nami Morteza MoosaKhani Ali Badeezadeh javad mehrabiOne of the strategic solutions to reduction of environmental pollution for urban residents due to traffic congestion is the development of metro. Therefore, during the boycott, the basic thrust in these conditions is the development of Metro-related technology and its l MoreOne of the strategic solutions to reduction of environmental pollution for urban residents due to traffic congestion is the development of metro. Therefore, during the boycott, the basic thrust in these conditions is the development of Metro-related technology and its localization with the geographical, climatic, economic and social conditions in the rail sector, which requires the participation of the domestic knowledge companies to provide the technology of this industry. In this paper, we seek to design an optimal participatory model; on this basis, the semi-structured qualitative method and the data theory of the foundation are used to design the model. The participants in the research are 15 experts, urban managers, academics specializing in the metro area and managers of knowledge companies, and the sampling method is purposeful. The data analysis method is the theoretical codification derived from the theorizing of the data of the foundation. Findings of the research were compared after comparing interview responses. Similar concepts were extracted from them. The data analysis method is the theoretical codification derived from the theorizing of the data of the foundation. Findings of the research were compared after comparing interview responses. Similar concepts were extracted from them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Evaluation of the physical-spatial capabilities of the rehabilitation place in meeting the needs of disabled citizens
Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh Amirreza karimiazeri hossein safariIntroduction: One problem in rehabilitation is ignoring mental needs of the able-bodied, which plays an important role in participation in rehabilitation. Physical abilities determine the place, motivation and desire of people to participate in activities. Creating the MoreIntroduction: One problem in rehabilitation is ignoring mental needs of the able-bodied, which plays an important role in participation in rehabilitation. Physical abilities determine the place, motivation and desire of people to participate in activities. Creating the experience of desirable emotions in the rehabilitation environment encourages people to participate in activities. This study is investigating the relationship between the components that create a sense of place in rehabilitation environments and the participation in rehabilitation, by creating a sense of self-esteem in them.Methodology: The research is applied and descriptive type which done by survey and analyzed using correlation and structural equation method. The statistical population of the study is people with physical disabilities who refer to occupational therapy centers in region 1 of Rasht. 46 available physical therapists were selected as the sample by available sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Cronbach's alpha of the research variables was higher than 0.7. In data analysis, SPSS22 and AMOS22 software were used.Results and discussion :The path coefficient of place sense components to self-esteem was 0.74, the path coefficient of self-esteem to the participation of the able-bodied was 0.69 and the indirect effect was 0.51, so it can be said that dignity The soul mediates the relationship between the components of the sense of place and the participation of the able-bodied.Conclusion: Findings show that the components of creating a sense of place by providing a sense of self-esteem, affect the participation of able-bodied people in rehabilitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Housing in Borazjan City after the Revolution and Estimating the Need for Housing in 1405
Majid shams ali safarirad ahmad ghasemiHousing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us a visual picture of the housing situation and revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Bous MoreHousing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us a visual picture of the housing situation and revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Boushehr province. This paper used survey method (descriptive-analytical) and field studies to gather data. In this paper first housing conditions in the city under study is determined through reviewing the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in Borazjan city and comparing it with urban areas of Boushehr province and country, , then the projected population and number of housing units needed till 1405will be predicated. The results show that the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the state of housing in the city has been improved during the period 90-1365, comparing to urban areas of Boushehr province has quantitatively better conditions, But comparing to the urban areas of the country has been Located in the lower-order, but in terms of quality indicators is at a lower level than the urban areas of the province and the country. Then the population of Borazjan city has been estimated and determined that 10,964 new housing units are needed till 1405. If the demand for housing in this period is only 8105 units, it covers 73/9 the percentage of housing needs . At the end , regarding the existing power in the range of Borazjan city (dissociation of tissue and dilapidated housing), it is identified that by using the maximum use of them and adopting appropriate residential development68/7 percent of the city's future needs within the city will be provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - بهسازی منظر پارک های شهری براساس نیاز شهروندان (مطالعه موردی پارک های گرگان)
منیره معروف عبدالله حاتم زاده همایون کاوه پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری همچون سایر فضاهای شهری، دچار فرسایش شده و نیازمند مرمت میباشند تا خدمات محیطزیستی و اجتماعی آنها تدوام یابد. در بهسازی فضاهای سبز شهری بایستی اولویتهای شهروندان مطالعه شود. هدف این تحقیق، شناخت اولویتها و نیازهای شهروندان در خصوص بهس More پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهری همچون سایر فضاهای شهری، دچار فرسایش شده و نیازمند مرمت میباشند تا خدمات محیطزیستی و اجتماعی آنها تدوام یابد. در بهسازی فضاهای سبز شهری بایستی اولویتهای شهروندان مطالعه شود. هدف این تحقیق، شناخت اولویتها و نیازهای شهروندان در خصوص بهسازی پارکها و فضاهای سبز عمومی شهر گرگان است. روش انجام تحقیق به صورت اسنادی- تحلیلی و پیمایشی است که بخش اعظم اطلاعات از طریق توزیع پرسشنامه بین ساکنان شهر گرگان اخذ شده و تحلیل نهایی بر روی آن صورت گرفته است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد که اولویتهای شهروندان مختلف با توجه به متغیرهای جمعیتشناختی و ویژگیهای اقتصادی- اجتماعی آنان در برخی زمینهها کاملا متفاوت بوده و هر قشر نیازهای خاص خویش را دارد. اما، در یک نگاه کلی و بر اساس نظر شهروندان، گونههای گیاهی پارکها و فضاهای سبز شهر گرگان، نیاز به تنوعبخشی داشته و این امر باید با استفاده از همه انواع گیاهان (پهنبرگان، سوزنیبرگان و گیاهان پوششی و فصلی) تحقق یابد. بیشتر مردم بهبود سرویسهای بهداشتی، آب­خوریها و وسایل بازی کودکان را در اولویت میدانند. همچنین، توجه به نیازهای معلولین در بهسازی پارکها، بیشترین اولویت را و پیادهروهای سنگی، بیشترین طرفدار را داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Analysis of Farmers’ Feedback on Agricultural Development Project’s (ADP’S) Performances in Kogi State, Nigeria
Adejo Grace Saliu J. Adejo P. Emmanuel -
Open Access Article
123 - Training Needs of Agricultural Extension Agents in Delta State, Nigeria
Ajieh P. C Ulakpa J. E -
Open Access Article
124 - Agricultural Extension Needs of Frontline Extension Workers under a Pluralistic Advisory System: Case of Zimbabwe Agricultural Growth Programme.
Christopher Gadzirayi Never Mafuse Emmanuel Zivenge Ronald Veremu Waddlove Sansole -
Open Access Article
125 - Information and Communication Technology Training Needs for Agricultural Extension Workers in Delta State, Nigeria
Oghenero Ovharhe Peter Emaziye Elizabeth Yarhere Ajieh Chuks Deborah Igeh Faith Ugbunu -
Open Access Article
126 - Borich Needs Assessment Model for Assessing Rice Post-harvest Value Addition Training Needs of Agricultural Extension Agents, Southern Region, Sierra Leone
Philip Kamanda Masa Motaung Ernest Okorley -
Open Access Article
127 - Assessment of Post-harvest Management Information Needs of Yam Farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria
P. E Adejo J. O Okwu V. O Okwoche -
Open Access Article
128 - Analysis of Information Needs and Accessibility among Artisanal Fishermen in Benue State, Nigeria
O. J, Okwu M. A, Yahaya C. P. O, Obinne -
Open Access Article
129 - Educational Needs of Corn Farmers Regarding Biological Control Bracon Parasitoid of Corn Caradrina in Dezful Township, Khouzestan Province, Iran
Ahmad Reza Ommani Ali Jafar KhademThe purpose of research was analyzing educational needs of corn farmer's regarding biological control Bracon parasitoid of corn Caradrina in Dezful Township, Khouzestan province, Iran. The method of research was correlative descriptive. A random sample of Dezful townshi MoreThe purpose of research was analyzing educational needs of corn farmer's regarding biological control Bracon parasitoid of corn Caradrina in Dezful Township, Khouzestan province, Iran. The method of research was correlative descriptive. A random sample of Dezful township corn farmers of Khouzestan province, Iran (n=350) were selected for participation in the study. A questionnaire was developed to gather information regarding educational needs of corn farmer's regarding biological control Bracon parasitoid of corn Caradrina. The questionnaire was pilot tested in Shoushtar Township. Questionnaire reliability was estimated by Cronbach’s alpha. Reliability was 0.85. Data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated 53.4% of corn farmers had low and very low knowledge regarding biological control Bracon parasitoid of corn Caradrina. Based on results, farmers need to education regarding all subject area of biological control. Also, there was significant correlation between knowledge of corn farmer's with social participation, level of education, income, technical knowledge and extension activity. The result of regression indicated that 53% of the variances in the knowledge of respondents could be explained by the social participation, level of education, income, technical knowledge and extension activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Needs Assessment Competencies: Are They Important for Extension Educators?
Nav R. Ghimire Robert A. MartinThe purpose of this study was to determine the importance of eleven professional competencies related to needs assessment and program development; a secondary purpose was to identify the best time these competencies should be learned. The study followed a survey researc MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the importance of eleven professional competencies related to needs assessment and program development; a secondary purpose was to identify the best time these competencies should be learned. The study followed a survey research design, in which 441 randomly selected extension educators in the North Central Region of the United States responded to a questionnaire through an online survey. Results suggest that respondents perceived nine of the eleven competencies as highly important for their professional development. High percentages of the respondents also reported that six competencies should be learned on the job. Stepwise regression analysis revealed the demographics of “gender” and “education” as statistically significant predictors in determining respondents’ perceptions. Findings indicate a need for flexible staff development programs for extension educators through graduate education, in-service programs, and on-the-job training. Findings have implications for designing new policies for employee selection, training, professional development, and performance appraisal. Further study was recommended to determine whether the findings would be valid at the national level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Assessing the educational needs of the labor market in relation to graduates of disciplines in technical and vocational education in Qom province
ahmad atarnya Hamideh Abbasi roghayeh alimohammadiObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the educational needs of the labor market in relation to graduates of technical and vocational education in Qom province. Method: This research has been applied in terms of purpose and a combination of qualitative and MoreObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the educational needs of the labor market in relation to graduates of technical and vocational education in Qom province. Method: This research has been applied in terms of purpose and a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population of this study was all experts and deputies of Qom Technical and Professional Organization, the volume of which is 30 people. To determine the sample size based on Morgan table, 28 people were selected as the sample by available sampling method. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire by the apparent validity, the content (Lavache method) was assessed. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire questions separately. The present research has been done in three stages: in the first stage, a qualitative method of content analysis. In the second stage, the Delphi technique has been used. In the third stage, prioritize the identified barriers using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. In this study, data analysis was performed to calculate the mean and standard deviation through SPSS software version 23 and Excel software was used to rank the factors. Findings have shown that the ranking of educational needs of the labor market in relation to graduates of technical and vocational education in Qom province, respectively: the alignment of education, criteria of underlying characteristics, strategies and criteria of environmental conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Effect of McClelland's needs on organizational Citizenship behavior and informal accountabillity through the mediation individual accountability.
Rahime pourheydar javad keyhan Mohammad HassaniThis study was conducted with the aim of investigation effect McClelland's needs on organizational Citizenship behavior and informal accountabillity through the mediation individual accountability. The research method was correlation from the type of structure equati MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of investigation effect McClelland's needs on organizational Citizenship behavior and informal accountabillity through the mediation individual accountability. The research method was correlation from the type of structure equation modeling. The statistical population was all staff of education and training administration in western Azarbaijan Province.(250 members). Sampling method was relative random sampling. Sample size was 196 staff. McClelland Astyrz and Braunstein’s needs questionnaire (1979) and measuring Poodsakoof citizenship behavior (1990), individual accountability of Hochwarter (2005), also informal accountability of Hall, Royle, Hoch Warter (2008) was used. Data analysis processing were done using AMOS software. The results showed that pattern has proper fit with research data. These paths: Need for affiliation with citizenship behavior (β=0.51), and with individul accountability (β=0.46), and with informal accountability (β=0.53), Need for power with citizenship behavior (β=0.54), and with individual accountability (β=0.43), and with informal accountability (β=0.35), Need for Achievement with citizenship behavior (β=0.46), and individual accountability (β=0.467), and with informal accountability (β=0.61) in P<0.05 are significant. Also the mediating role of individual accountability in relation between three needs with informal accountability and citizenship behavior was confirmed. The most important conclusion of this research was that with reinforcement of the individual accountability of staff through responding McClelland Needs can promote informal accountability and organizational citizenship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - study the current state of suitability of agricultural higher education curricula and the needs of the Ardabil labor market and provide solutions.
azize taraz maryam sameri javad keyhanThe general goal is to examine the current situation of the suitability of agricultural higher education curricula with the needs of the Ardabil labor market and to provide a solution, and it was done with a mixed method. The statistical population of all employers, uni MoreThe general goal is to examine the current situation of the suitability of agricultural higher education curricula with the needs of the Ardabil labor market and to provide a solution, and it was done with a mixed method. The statistical population of all employers, university professors and agricultural graduates of Ardabil is 900 people, based on Morgan's table and stratified random sampling 270 people were.In qualitative part, the data collection tool is interview and 12 experts were interviewed with a targeted sampling. The validity of interview was checked by triangulation of data sources and review by colleagues, and its reliability was checked with stability and repeatability index. Data analysis was done with three-step coding. In the quantitative part, data collection tool is a questionnaire.Its content, form and structure validity were investigated and its reliability was estimated with Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was done with descriptive tests and inferential statistics analysis (one-sample T) with SPSS 19 and Excel 2007 software. The results of qualitative part in extraction of 25 categories of measurable variables that are identified in form of five components: 1. Causal conditions fit with needs of the labor market 2. Contextual conditions 3. Intervening conditions 4. Strategies 6. Indicators 5. consequences.In quantitative section, based on these findings, a questionnaire was designed and the data were analyzed.There is a mismatch between the curricula of higher education in the field of agriculture and the needs of the labor market. It is suggested that researchers provide a suitable model for university planning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Fostering product development using combination of QFD and ANP: A case study
Tarun Soota Harvendra Singh R.C Mishra -
Open Access Article
135 - Investigating the Relationship between Information Literacy and Organizational Creativity: A Case Study
tooran bagheri Malihe BaviranObjective: In modern society, information literacy is considered as an essential element for the creativity of employees in the organizations. Therefore, having creative and literate employees is one of the necessities of any organization. The purpose of this study is t MoreObjective: In modern society, information literacy is considered as an essential element for the creativity of employees in the organizations. Therefore, having creative and literate employees is one of the necessities of any organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between information literacy and creativity of employees of the Management and Planning Organization of East Azerbaijan Province.Methodology: This research is applied research that has been done by survey method and descriptively. The statistical population includes the employees of the Management and Planning Organization of East Azerbaijan Province in 1400. Using Morgan table of statistical sample size, out of 128 employees, 97 people were selected by simple random sampling and tested. Data collection tool is a Standard questionnaire. Validity was confirmed by a number of professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 93%. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using analysis of variance, independent t-test and regression.Results: The findings showed that the correlation coefficient between information literacy and employee creativity is 0.496. In addition, among the 4 components of information literacy, identifying information needs with a coefficient of 0.510 has a greater impact on employee creativity, so information literacy and creativity of employees of the Management and Planning Organization of East Azerbaijan Province is above average and in good condition.Conclusion: According to the research results, it is a creative and innovative organization whose employees have up-to-date knowledge and information literacy. Therefore, hiring and retaining employees with information literacy, creative and innovative, should be at the top of other organizational affairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Understanding the information Seeking behavior among IRINN reporters when preparing News reports
Ghanbar ahmadi Farideh Osareh Mohsen Haji ZeanolabediniObjective: The main purpose of this study is to identify the information behavior of IRINN reporters in finding the subject of reports and using information sources.Methodology: The present study is an analytical survey using a questionnaire on the stat MoreObjective: The main purpose of this study is to identify the information behavior of IRINN reporters in finding the subject of reports and using information sources.Methodology: The present study is an analytical survey using a questionnaire on the statistical population of 60 journalists active in the IRINN in the summer of 1398. The validity and reliability of information measuring instruments were confirmed by the professors of information science and epistemology and its reliability was calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.89. Data were analyzed in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.Results: The results showed that the components of "slow internet speed (average 4.47)", "correct understanding and clear view of the subject to increase confidence" and "search for information to report" are the most important barriers to accessing information. The component "role of family, relatives, friends, neighbors in determining the news subjects of journalists" with an average of 3.04 has the lowest rate.Conclusion: The results obtained from the study show that factors such as: insufficient information from available sources, ignorance of search methods, unprofessional reporters, limitations of providing attractive news, unpopularity of subjects, tendency to meet the demands of managers Media, lack of use of library and archival resources, lack of field news research, problems of formal and in-service education, lack of diversity and inattention to research are the most important components affecting the correct information behavior of journalists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - The Assessment of Information Needs of The Young Member of The Tehran Public Libraries in the second half of 1386
maryam omid khoda fereshteh sepehrThis research has investigated needs of young members of public libraries in Tehran which are sponsored by Iran public library organization ,by using survey method. Uderstanding and determination study needs is the main aim of the research. Also tring to to specifying t MoreThis research has investigated needs of young members of public libraries in Tehran which are sponsored by Iran public library organization ,by using survey method. Uderstanding and determination study needs is the main aim of the research. Also tring to to specifying the motive and aim of studyingt between public library young members, and determining important sources and facilities for obtaining information. About 600 of 53251 young members were surveyed as samples in bunched sample method, roportional to the size and volume of each area.Data was collected by questionnaires . The results show that the priorities subjects are: technology and applied sciences with 25.6 percent, art subject with 22.1 percent, history and geography subject with 20.5percent. The results show that the most necessary facilities are: access to Internet and training CDs. Findings show that study needs of young members are not the same and are different. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - A Survey on information needs of the students of Geography College of Tehran University and the role of the library to supply them
Mohammad Reza Rezvani abas eslamiPurpose: The present research aimed to investigate the Information needs of student of Geography College of Tehran University and the role of the library to supply them. Methodology: Research methodology was descriptive study and conducted by questionnaire. Research po MorePurpose: The present research aimed to investigate the Information needs of student of Geography College of Tehran University and the role of the library to supply them. Methodology: Research methodology was descriptive study and conducted by questionnaire. Research population was about 814 students, and the sample was 173 students. SPSS was used for statistical analyses. Findings: Demographic features and subfield were identified. Findings indicated that the main purpose of the students for library use was doing homework 68.8%, and maximum use of the library, with a weekly rotation was 52.6%. The sample studied in the library during a week about 6.9 hours, and 41.6% of the statistical community uses the library for book loan. The first purpose of 50.3% of them is accessing information through computer. Conclusion: The most rate of users’ satisfaction was to meet their information needs in the collection of Persian books and the least one was reported Latin journal section. It was revealed that using internet and electronic resources were the important resources to supply their information needs. There should be a good regard to infrastructures in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Evaluating the amount of the usage of RoseNet digital library by the faculty members of Islamic Azad University-Shiraz Branch in order to meet their information needs
Maryam Saadat Faride AsarePurpose:The aim of this research is t evaluate the role of RoseNet digital, library to meet the information needs of the faculty members of IAU-ShirazBranch..Methodology: the evaluative survey method is assigned in this research. The statistical society arethe ful MorePurpose:The aim of this research is t evaluate the role of RoseNet digital, library to meet the information needs of the faculty members of IAU-ShirazBranch..Methodology: the evaluative survey method is assigned in this research. The statistical society arethe full time faculty members of IAU-Shiraz Branch. The tool for information gathering is questionnaire. The data is analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics by Spss. Findings: The research showed that 78.2% of the faculty members ‘ aim of searching information are to earn specialized and updated information, and more than 80% have used Rose Net in this respect. More than 52% of information needs of the members are met by RoseNet. Conclusion: There are meaningful differentiate between the amount of usage of RoseNet by the different educational departments, education level and the scientific rank of the faculty members. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Determining the information needs of post-graduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University with emphasis on available electronic databases
masomeh latifi farideh asarehPurpose: The present research aimed to determine the information needs of post-graduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University located in Hamedan, with emphasis on available electronic databases (including Rose net and Daneshyar). Methodology: The methodology was descripti MorePurpose: The present research aimed to determine the information needs of post-graduate students at Bu-Ali Sina University located in Hamedan, with emphasis on available electronic databases (including Rose net and Daneshyar). Methodology: The methodology was descriptive survey using a questionnaire, reliability of which was measured 0.85 based on Cronbach's alpha. Findings: The results revealed that the most important goal of students when searching for data is to find background information for their research tasks and projects. The Science direct/Elsevier database ranks first (89.2%) as the most used electronic database by the students, while Springer, ISI, Scoups, Proquest, ACS, Oxford Journals, Emerald, ASME, Ebsco, ASCE, IOP, and AMS rank 2nd to 13th respectively. Conclusions: The main obstacles of easy access to information are mentioned as: not enough knowledge of English language and the interruption of universities subscription in the case of some electronic databases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - A comparison of Razi University faculty members’ information needs with the acquisition of journals in its central library based on citation analysis of their publications in ISI and SCOPUS (1990-2007)
mohammad reza ghanee iran abedi shokuh tafreshiThis research surveys the acquisition of journals in central library of Razi University of Kermanshah considering how much these journals have been utilized by faculty members of the university in order to publish papers indexed in ISI and Scopus by making use of citati MoreThis research surveys the acquisition of journals in central library of Razi University of Kermanshah considering how much these journals have been utilized by faculty members of the university in order to publish papers indexed in ISI and Scopus by making use of citation analysis for the references of the papers. The research population includes 1728 papers and 46448 references published by the faculties of the University in ISI and Scopus and the journal collection in its central library. The bibliometric method is applied to do the study. Needed data were extracted from ISI and SCOPUS during 1990 to 2007. The non-parametric binominal test indicates that 43% of information needs of the faculty members of the university have been provided by the journals available within acquisitions of the university central library; hence 50% of journal acquisitions in the central library have found to be matched with the information needs of faculty members. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - The role of the School Libraries in Improving the Investigational Needs of Sama High School Students in Tehran
saeed ghaffari fatemeh nikkhooPurpose: This study aimed to study the importance and the role of libraries of non-profit Sama high schools to support the investigational requirements and whether or not the library schools of Tehran are responders to meet the investigational needs of their students. MorePurpose: This study aimed to study the importance and the role of libraries of non-profit Sama high schools to support the investigational requirements and whether or not the library schools of Tehran are responders to meet the investigational needs of their students. Methodology: In this regard, the authors uses the field and practical method, and it's statistical society consists of the high school students of Sama schools in Tehran in the academic year 1390-1391, Moreover, The tools for collecting data is questionnaire which is examined for its accuracy by 8 professors of librarianship in university. Besides, for analyzing and evaluating the data, the authors use the descriptive statistics and in referential statistic part they use the Spearman correlation coefficient and also for examining the reliability is used from Cronbach's alpha. Findings: According to Morgan, the sample population is 302 people for the accuracy of the data, 360 questionnaires of 34 questions designed by the authors and distribute the funds to meet the 350 but it was reliable. Moreover, After reviewing and analyzing of the data revealed that 1/35% believed that the libraries are too less responsive to research needs of their students, and 40% believed that their responding are low ,and 9/14% believed that their responding are an average, and eventually 10% described their responding are high. Conclusion: Regarding the questions and comments of the respondents, the average score is 1. 99 which is less than the average amount of scale 5 values Likert which is 3. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Designing a digital library for National Network of Nanotechnology
sahar mehraban hojat allah Hasan LarijaniThe purpose of this project is doing a feasibility study and designing a comprehensive system for acquisition, processing and dissemination of scientific information in the field of Nanotechnology in Iran. In this project, Nanotechnology institution, its directors and a MoreThe purpose of this project is doing a feasibility study and designing a comprehensive system for acquisition, processing and dissemination of scientific information in the field of Nanotechnology in Iran. In this project, Nanotechnology institution, its directors and about 3230 experts and researcher in Nanotechnology served as statistical population. In first stage, situation of Nanotechnology information system is investigated by observation and interview. Then, the users' information needs are investigated with questionnaire and in second stage, suitable information system is designed. The result of research indicates that 58% of users, to fulfill their information needs refer to academic centers and 31% of them refer to research centers and 11% of them refer to other centers; 85% of users donۥt have access to scientific information in suitable time and place; 89% of managers agree with collecting digital resources to fulfill and meet users' information needs. There is no institution or body in the country to collect, process, organize and disseminate Nanotechnology information. Based on users' information needs, organizational goals and managers' demands, the Nanotechnology digital library network is designed according to human resources, budget, electronic online sources, and software and hardware equipment standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Investigating the effect of the (definition of information need) element on improving the level of architectural design information literacy
Sina Ghazizadeh Hadi Kaboli Saeed SalehiOne indication of the ineffectiveness of the country's universities' existing educational system is the inability of recent graduates with bachelor's degrees lack architecture, who make up a sizable portion of the student body. Based on this, the focus of MoreOne indication of the ineffectiveness of the country's universities' existing educational system is the inability of recent graduates with bachelor's degrees lack architecture, who make up a sizable portion of the student body. Based on this, the focus of this research will be to find out how the information need definition component affects bachelor architecture students' development of information literacy in architectural design. The correlation method is the research design taken into consideration in this study. In this method, the effect of several criteria on the target population is examined both independently and in combination with other criteria. The Islamic Azad University of Tehran West Branch used a straightforward non-probability sampling method to conduct the current study. A questionnaire created for this purpose was utilized to gather data from the sample population. The statistical population of this study consisted of the university's undergraduate architecture students from 2016 to 2019. Based on Morgan's table, it is determined that there are 341 people living in the sample community. In this research, the criterion (definition of information need) for measuring the information literacy of undergraduate architecture students was studied. In the mentioned criterion, by examining the information extracted from the students, the extent of its effect on their literacy level was determined and then prioritized. According to the results of the multivariable linear regression fitting, the effect of this component in improving the level of information literacy of the students of this field and course was determined; Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Investigating the effect of the component (definition of information need) on improving the level of architectural design information literacy
sina ghazizadeh Mohammad Hadi Kabuli Saeed SalehiObjective: The ineffectiveness of architecture bachelor's degree graduates, who constitute a large community of students in the country, when faced with architectural design issues, is one of the signs of the ineffectiveness of the current education system of the countr MoreObjective: The ineffectiveness of architecture bachelor's degree graduates, who constitute a large community of students in the country, when faced with architectural design issues, is one of the signs of the ineffectiveness of the current education system of the country's universities. Based on this, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the information need definition component (out of the 6 information literacy components of Connor Radcliffe) on the improvement of architectural design information literacy among undergraduate architecture students. Materials and methods: The research method in this study is the correlation method, in which the impact of several criteria on the target population is investigated alone and also in combination with other criteria, and in the quantitative part, it is a survey approach. The present research was carried out in the Islamic Azad University of Tehran West Branch by simple non-probability sampling method. In order to collect information from the sample population, a questionnaire prepared for this purpose was used. The statistical population of this research was the undergraduate architecture students of this university between 2016 and 2016. The number of members of the sample community is determined to be 341 people based on Morgan's table. Also, spss software was used to analyze the findings. Discussion and conclusion: In this research, the criterion (definition of information need) of measuring information literacy of undergraduate architecture students was studied. In the mentioned criterion, by examining the information extracted from the students, the extent of its effect on their literacy level was determined and then prioritized. According to the results of the multivariable linear regression fitting, the effect of this component in improving the level of information literacy of the students of this field and course was determined; However, the factor defining the need for information has no effect on improving the quality of education. Therefore, relying on this method, students can be grouped upon arrival and the appropriate educational approach can be applied to them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - تجزیه و تحلیل محتوای کتاب های درسی انگلیسی دبیرستان: تمرکز بر نیازهای زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی
Tayyebe Sadeghi Hasanabadi Akbar Afghari Ahmadreza Lotfiارزیابی یک برنامه موجود به توسعه دهندگان مواد و معلمان در درک نیازهای محلی دانش آموزان و تصمیم گیری برای بهبود بیشتر کمک می کند. این مطالعه به دنبال ارزیابی مطلوبیت کتابهای درسی انگلیسی برای دانشآموزان ایرانی سال آخر دبیرستان است که از توصیف حقایق عینی در مورد زمینه، Moreارزیابی یک برنامه موجود به توسعه دهندگان مواد و معلمان در درک نیازهای محلی دانش آموزان و تصمیم گیری برای بهبود بیشتر کمک می کند. این مطالعه به دنبال ارزیابی مطلوبیت کتابهای درسی انگلیسی برای دانشآموزان ایرانی سال آخر دبیرستان است که از توصیف حقایق عینی در مورد زمینه، به تحلیل ذهنی انتظارات و نیازها و سپس استنتاج ذهنی در مورد مناسب بودن زمینه بر اساس لیتل جان (Littlejohn) میپردازد. 2011) چارچوب ارزیابی. کمیته معلمی شامل اولین محقق پژوهش حاضر و چهار نفر از همکاران وی که تجربه تدریس زبان انگلیسی در دبیرستان ها را داشتند، برای ارزیابی ارزش آموزشی کتاب های درسی تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که نیاز به انطباق مواد با موقعیت هدف مورد استفاده وجود دارد: چنین سازگاری باید هر دو جنبه انتشار و طراحی مواد را پوشش دهد. برخی از معیارهای نشاندهنده عنصر انتشار مواد (یعنی طرح فیزیکی مواد چاپی، مسیر و تداوم) با انتظارات معلمان از مطالب مطلوب در زمینه خاص مطالعه مطابقت دارند. با این حال، بسیاری از آنها یا در یک اختلاف جزئی (یعنی دسترسی، مکان مواد در مجموعه، و تقسیم بندی بخش ها به بخش های فرعی) یا اختلاف نظر جدی (یعنی تقسیم بندی مواد به عنوان یک کل). به عنوان یک مفهوم عملی، یافته ها ممکن است توسعه دهندگان کتاب های درسی را ترغیب کنند تا یک پروژه اصلاحی را با تکیه بر نتایج مطالعه حاضر راه اندازی کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - تاثییر تجزیه تحلیل نیازها بر ارتقا سطح مهارت نوشتاری زبان اموزان سطح متوسط
Sara Zafari Hossein Heidari Tabrizi َAzizeh Chalakاستفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل نیازها یک عمل دیرینه در تعیین حوزه هایی بوده است که باید در یک برنامه گنجانده شود و در نتیجه کارایی آن بهینه شود. در زمینههای یادگیری زبان دوم (L2)، از مطالعات تحلیل نیازها برای تعیین مؤلفههای آموزشی استفاده شده است که باید شامل یا حذف شوند تا Moreاستفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل نیازها یک عمل دیرینه در تعیین حوزه هایی بوده است که باید در یک برنامه گنجانده شود و در نتیجه کارایی آن بهینه شود. در زمینههای یادگیری زبان دوم (L2)، از مطالعات تحلیل نیازها برای تعیین مؤلفههای آموزشی استفاده شده است که باید شامل یا حذف شوند تا نیازها و ترجیحات فراگیران را برآورده کنند. این مطالعه تحقیقاتی به طور خاص بر تأثیر تحلیل نیازهای کاربر بر افزایش توانایی نوشتن زبان آموزان L2 متمرکز بود. این مطالعه شامل 128 زبان آموز متوسط انگلیسی از ایران بود که در دو مرکز خصوصی زبان ثبت نام کرده بودند و تصادفاً به گروه آزمایش و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. محققان از دادههای مصاحبه و پرسشنامه برای تنظیم برنامه درسی مطابق با نیازهای فراگیران استفاده کردند، در حالی که گروه کنترل دستورالعملهایی را بر اساس طرح کلی مؤسسه دریافت کردند. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین نمرات فراگیران گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با گروه کنترل تفاوت معناداری دارد. این نتایج نشان میدهد که انجام یک تحلیل نیاز در ابتدای هر دوره، بر اساس دادههای تجربی که نیازها و خواستههای گروههای فردی را در بر میگیرد، برای تنظیم رویکردهای آموزشی بر این اساس حیاتی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - آموزش نیروی کار آینده: توسعه مهارت های نرم در برنامه های کارشناسی ترجمه در ایران
Sajedeh Sadat Hosseini Gholam-Reza Tajvidi Koen Kerremansپژوهش پیمایشی حاضر به بررسی جایگاه مهارت های نرم در تربیت دانشگاهی مترجم در ایران می پردازد. برای نیل به این هدف، یک نیازسنجی با شرکت دو گروه از ذینفعان، مترجمان حرفه ای و دانشجویان رشته ترجمه، صورت گرفت. از مترجمان حرفه ای خواسته شد میزان اهمیت مجموعه ای از مهارت های ن Moreپژوهش پیمایشی حاضر به بررسی جایگاه مهارت های نرم در تربیت دانشگاهی مترجم در ایران می پردازد. برای نیل به این هدف، یک نیازسنجی با شرکت دو گروه از ذینفعان، مترجمان حرفه ای و دانشجویان رشته ترجمه، صورت گرفت. از مترجمان حرفه ای خواسته شد میزان اهمیت مجموعه ای از مهارت های نرم در حرفه ترجمه را تعیین کنند. همچنین بر اساس خودارزیابی دانشجویان، بررسی شد این گروه از شرکت کنندگان تا چه حد از چنین مهارت هایی بهره مند است. این مطالعه تطبیقی نشان داد کمبود چهار دسته از مهارت های نرم که مترجمان حرفه ای در پیشه ترجمه مهم قلمداد می کنند، میان دانشجویان ترجمه در ایران وجود دارد: «تفکر انتقادی و تحلیل منطقی»، «حل مساله و خلاقیت»، «انگیزه و رضایتمندی» و «مسئولیت پذیری و خودگرایی». نتایج به دست آمده از این پژوهش موید یافته های حجم زیادی از مطالعات پیشین در خصوص کمبود مهارت های نرم مورد نیاز بازار حرفه ای میان دانشجویان و فارغ التحصیلان دانشگاهی است. مقاله حاضر با ارائه روش های آموزشی پیشنهادی جهت پرورش مهارت های نرم در دانشجویان دوره کارشناسی ترجمه جمع بندی می شود. این دستورالعمل های ارزشمند، مربیان ترجمه را در تصمیم گیری در خصوص چگونگی طراحی دوره های جدید آموزش ترجمه و همچنین ارزیابی دوره های کنونی برای شناسایی کاستی ها و انجام اصلاحات در جهت رفع نیازهای ذینفعان، یاری خواهند کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - On the Plausibility of Accommodating Manipulative Transliteration Norms in Medical ESP Course Books: A Needs Analysis Study
Mojdeh Mellati Esmail Faghih Mohammad Khatib -
Open Access Article
150 - تدوین برنامه درسی ESP از طریق تحلیل نیازهای دانشجویان نیروی انتظامی مرزبانی دانشگاه انتظامی امین: تحلیل وضعیت هدف
Mehdi Javid Ahmad Mohseni Alireza Ameri Abdollah Baradaran -
Open Access Article
151 - تحلیل یادگیری محور نیازهای زبان تخصصی دانشجویان مهندسی در ایران
Sartoon Mostafavi Ahmad Mohseni Gh Abbasianمطالعه حاضر با اتخاذ رویکرد یادگیری محور برای تحلیل نیازها ، به بررسی وضعیت مورد هدف و نیازهای یادگیری دانشجویان مهندسی در ایران در رابطه با درس دانشگاهی زبان تخصصی (انگلیسی برای مقاصد خاص) پرداخته است. برای این منظور ، یک نمونه گیری آسان شامل 27 استاد زبان انگلیسی تخصص Moreمطالعه حاضر با اتخاذ رویکرد یادگیری محور برای تحلیل نیازها ، به بررسی وضعیت مورد هدف و نیازهای یادگیری دانشجویان مهندسی در ایران در رابطه با درس دانشگاهی زبان تخصصی (انگلیسی برای مقاصد خاص) پرداخته است. برای این منظور ، یک نمونه گیری آسان شامل 27 استاد زبان انگلیسی تخصصی و 222 دانشجوی رشته های مختلف مهندسی از ده دانشگاه ایران که به طور تصادفی انتخاب شده بودند ، در مطالعه ای با روش ترکیبی متوالی اکتشافی شرکت کردند. به عنوان مرحله مقدماتی تحلیل ، با مدرسان شرکت کننده در مورد حوزه های مختلف نشان دهنده نیازهای زبان تخصصی دانشجویان مهندسی مصاحبه شد. از داده های کیفی برگرفته از مدرسان برای تهیه پرسشنامه تحلیل نیازهای ویژه دانشجویان شرکت کننده در مطالعه استفاده شد. تحلیل توصیفی پاسخ های ارائه شده توسط دانشجویان مهندسی به پرسشنامه تحلیل نیازها ، عمده نیازهای یادگیرنده مربوط به فراگیری زبان تخصصی و همچنین نیازهای مربوط به وضعیت مورد هدف را روشن می کند. با ارائه یک طرح منطبق با ویژگیهای محیط تحت بررسی برای طراحی ، ارزیابی و اصلاح دوره های زبان تخصصی برای دانشجویان مهندسی در ایران ، یافته های این مطالعه می تواند به طور مثبتی بر تعلیم زبان تخصصی فعلی در ایران تأثیر بگذارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Relation of Classroom Emotional Intelligence and Classroom Psychosocial Climate to School Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction at School
Najmeh Hatef Farideh Yousefi T he aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction at school in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. Participants were 384(1 More T he aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction at school in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. Participants were 384(183 girls, 201 boys) secondary school students from Shiraz city which selected via random multistage cluster sampling method. To examine research variables, all participants completed Brief Adolescents' Subject Well-Being in School Scale (Tian, Wang, & Huebner, 2015).Adolescent Students' Basic Psychological Needs at School Scale (Tian, han, & Huebner, 2014), Basque Group Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Aritzeta et al, 2016), and My Class Inventory (Fraser et al., 1995), in their regular classes. The results of structural equation modeling showed that dimensions of class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence could significantly predict basic psychological needssatisfaction at school, and also basic psychological needs satisfaction were statistically significant predictors of school well-being. Moreover, findings showed that basic psychological needssatisfaction at school played a mediating role in the relationship between class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence with school well-being. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that improving class psychosocial climate and classroom emotional intelligence as well as basic psychological needssatisfaction at school can be effective in promoting students’ school well-being. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - the relationship of social supports to psychological well-being and depression :the mediating roles of self-esteem and besic psychological needs
Morteza Moradi Azam Cheraghithis study aimed to examine the relationship of social supports to psychological well-being and depression through mediating roles of self-esteem and basic psychological needs. The sample consisted of 432 teachers from the city of Khoramabad. The participants completed Morethis study aimed to examine the relationship of social supports to psychological well-being and depression through mediating roles of self-esteem and basic psychological needs. The sample consisted of 432 teachers from the city of Khoramabad. The participants completed the Social Support Scale (Vaux et al, 1986), the Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), the Satisfying Basic Psychological Needs Scale at Work (LaGuardia et al, 2000), the Psychological Well-Being Scale (Ryff, 1989) and the Depression Inventory (Beck, 1988). The results of path analysis indicated that the social supports had direct effects on the psychological well-being and depression. Social support indirectly, through the self-esteem, satisfying the need for relatedness and the need for competence, increased psychological well-being and decreased depression. The results emphasized the role of social interactions in promoting self-esteem and the importance of basic psychological needs in work environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - social support,basic psychological needs and psychological well-being:examining a causal model in employed women
Morteza Moradi Razieh Sheikholeslami Mozhdeh Ahmadzadeh Azam Cheraghithis study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being at work among employed women. The sample consisted of 360 employed women from Shiraz University. The participants completed the Social Support Scale (Vaux et al., 1 Morethis study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of social support on psychological well-being at work among employed women. The sample consisted of 360 employed women from Shiraz University. The participants completed the Social Support Scale (Vaux et al., 1986), the Satisfying Basic Psychological Needs Scale at work (LaGuardia et al., 2000), and the Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff& Keys, 1995). The results of path analysis indicated that the social support had direct and indirect effects, through satisfying the need for relatedness and need for competence , on the psychological well-being. There was no significant difference between single and married employed women in psychological well-being, satisfying basic psychological needs and social support. These findings emphasize the role of employment and social interactions on well-being of women in work environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Identifying Elderly’s Psychological and Social Problems and Needs and Their Priorities: A Qualitative Study
mehdi manouchehri saeideh mohseni-nezhad fatemeh khoramianThis study aimed to identify the elderly’s psychological and social problems, their needs, and priorities in order to provide implications for future research and intervention. The research method is qualitative and the statistical population is all the elderly of MoreThis study aimed to identify the elderly’s psychological and social problems, their needs, and priorities in order to provide implications for future research and intervention. The research method is qualitative and the statistical population is all the elderly of Tehran city, who are members of the Center of Senior Citizens’Association of Tehran city. 48 people were selected by purposive sampling method (four groups of 12 people). To collect information, a focused group discussion method was used to collect issues and problems of the elderly. The nominal group method was used to prioritize issues and problems. Results of the research showed that in the sample of the elderly, the category of worries about children was given the highest priority. The category of disturbing thoughts and memories was the second priority of the elderly. The category of anxiety about diseases and the category of financial, social, and geographical issues were the third and fourth priorities. Loneliness was also the least priority among the elderly. The results of the present study can be used by therapists to develop intervention programs to address the psychological and social problems of the elderly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Factors Affecting FDI Flows into in Developing Countries
Nazi Mohammadzadeh Asl Azarakhsh Sabri Baghaee Mahmoud Reza Modir rostaThis article reviews the importance of foreign direct investment and examines factors affecting its flow into developing countries A Panel Data technique is employed to estimate the empirical models to explain the relevant factors affecting the FDI into developing count MoreThis article reviews the importance of foreign direct investment and examines factors affecting its flow into developing countries A Panel Data technique is employed to estimate the empirical models to explain the relevant factors affecting the FDI into developing countries. Time span covers 1994-7442 for 77 developing countries. The results indicate that factors such as interest rate, domestic investment, size of government growth in foreign exchange earnings and socieconomic condition of the countries are the most important variables affecting the FDI into developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - A suitable model for professional training of students with special needs
Hossein Karimian Gholamreza veysi Ehsan KalbaliThe purpose of this research was to present a suitable model of vocational training for students with special needs. The research method was a descriptive survey in terms of practical objectives and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the r MoreThe purpose of this research was to present a suitable model of vocational training for students with special needs. The research method was a descriptive survey in terms of practical objectives and in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research included all the experts and teachers working in exceptional education in Central Province (85 experts and teachers); Using Morgan's table, 70 people were selected as samples. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The working method in this research was of a mixed type, which was initially used to collect data about the components and indicators of professional education of students with special needs by library study method and review of high-level documents, and after identifying the components and indicators; An open-ended questionnaire was developed and implemented to collect and analyze these components from teachers working in vocational schools of the whole province in the form of a semi-scripted interview. Interviews were obtained in the form of a 5-choice Likert questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.869. To analyze the data in the descriptive statistics section, the percentage of relative frequency, mean, and median were used. The final results of the research indicate that in the discussion of vocational training of students with special needs, all the indicators needed to be reviewed, and the well-being component of students with special needs was also very empty in this field, and this component has been neglected in the topic of vocational training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Strong Shareholder Rights, Internal Capital Allocation Efficiency, and the Moderating Role of Market Competition and External Financing Needs
Fereshteh FeizabadiAbstract Nowdays, the capital market in developing countries is considered as a tool to increase investment and economic growth. Since efficiency is the main and most The purpose of this study was to Investigate strong shareholder rights on the internal capital allocat MoreAbstract Nowdays, the capital market in developing countries is considered as a tool to increase investment and economic growth. Since efficiency is the main and most The purpose of this study was to Investigate strong shareholder rights on the internal capital allocation efficiency, the role of competition and external financing in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.The spatial domain of this research was the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange . In this research, the rights of the strong shareholders of the independent variable and the efficiency of internal capital allocation of the dependent variable were considered..In the data section of the study, data were collected from sample companies by referring to financial statements, explanatory notes and stock exchange monthly.Based on systematic elimination method, 100 companies were selected as statistical sample.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe and summarize the data collected.In order to analyze the data, pre-tests of variance homogeneity, F-Lemer test, Hausman test, and Dicky-Fuller test and then multivariate regression test were used to confirm and reject the research hypotheses (EViews software).The results showed that strong shareholder rights significantly increase the internal capital allocation efficiency.However, the moderating effect of market competition and external financing needs is not found to be significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - Presenting a Model of Knowledge Management Training in Automotive after-Sales Service Companies (Sample Study: Isacco Company)
saeedeh soltani fereshteh kordestani Abas korshdiThe present study aimed to provide a model of knowledge management training in Isacco automotive after-sales service companies. In terms of applied objectives and in terms of data, the research method is an exploratory mix (qualitative-quantitative) and in terms of natu MoreThe present study aimed to provide a model of knowledge management training in Isacco automotive after-sales service companies. In terms of applied objectives and in terms of data, the research method is an exploratory mix (qualitative-quantitative) and in terms of nature in the qualitative dimension, the foundation data is of its kind and in the quantitative dimension is a cross-sectional survey. The statistical population of the qualitative section consists of all experts (people with doctorates and research in the field of knowledge management) in this field and in the quantitative section of all employees of the company (bachelor's degree and above) are 140 people. The type of snowball consciously targeted the sampling method in the qualitative section and 18 experts were selected, which we reached theoretical saturation in expert number 15. In the quantitative part of the sample size, 106 people were selected based on Morgan's volume determination formula. In the present study, after open and axial coding of the measurement tool, it was prepared in the form of a form and sent to experts for selective coding and validation. Based on this, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed and distributed among randomly selected statistical samples. Then, the collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and at the end, 7 dimensions, 26 components and 138 indicators were identified for this model. The dimensions identified in a homogeneous structure support the model constructs of a concept called the knowledge management-training model in automotive after-sales service companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Identifying and Prioritizing Students' Needs within the Elements of the Curriculum of General Courses
Yaghoob Azizi , Alireza Sadeghi Hosein AbdollahiThe aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the needs of students in the elements of the curriculum of general courses of universities in Tehran. In this study, the four main elements of the curriculum including (goals, content, teaching method, evaluation) of MoreThe aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the needs of students in the elements of the curriculum of general courses of universities in Tehran. In this study, the four main elements of the curriculum including (goals, content, teaching method, evaluation) of general courses have been analyzed. The method used in this research is quantitative and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population of this study includes all students of universities in Tehran and professors of general courses in the same universities. The sample included 20 professors and 384 students selected based on Morgan's Table, The data collection tool included reviewing documents, interviews, and a researcher-made questionnaire. For analyzing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Friedman test to prioritize needs) were utilized. The findings revealed the most important educational needs of students in the four elements of purpose, content, teaching method and evaluation in the following order: Students and professors believed that the most important need regarding the goals of general courses is its flexibility with the changing needs of society in various sections (economic, cultural, educational, etc.), and also, paying attention to cultivating students’ skills. Considering the content, enriching the content of general courses with new and up-to-date knowledge and information, emphasizing the content for flourishing students’ insight and culture, were deemed as the most important needs. Considering the teaching method, using teaching methods that develop students’ intellectual skills, creativity and innovation, as well as teaching methods appropriate for the topics taught, were mentioned as the most important needs. Finally, for evaluation, professors’ use of continuous and appropriate evaluation of course subjects was unanimously considered to be the most important need. The findings can contribute to improvement of general courses quality and their correspondence with students’ needs which will add to the worth and significance of them among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - Identification of Needs and Practical Requirements of Teachers’ Learning and Professional Development
Saeed Safdari , Mohammad Ghafari MejlejProfessional learning and development in schools has received attention and emphasis. But this process is generally planned and imposed by external sources, and the needs and expectations of teachers do not play a significant role in determining it. The purpose of this MoreProfessional learning and development in schools has received attention and emphasis. But this process is generally planned and imposed by external sources, and the needs and expectations of teachers do not play a significant role in determining it. The purpose of this qualitative research was to identify the practical needs and requirements of teachers' learning and professional development from their own perspective. Data were collected through a focus group interview with 12 primary school teachers in Chalous. Data analysis was performed based on thematic content analysis using coding, which ultimately led to the identification of three main themes about needs (ICT, teaching strategies and ideas, looking at teachers as professionals) and three themes about practical requirements (timing, focus and expertise, and collaboration) to meet these needs. The findings show that what teachers receive to help them learn and develop their careers does not fully match what they want or value in practice. Their preferences for professional learning needs are based more on their own beliefs about learning and education than on global and general programs, usually set and implemented by higher-order leaders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - The Impact of Education-development and Strong Points on Thriving and Intention to Leave
fariba salahiImproving the performance of human resources (such as job prosperity) and preventing employees from leaving their jobs are among vital factors in the success of organizations. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of education-development and use MoreImproving the performance of human resources (such as job prosperity) and preventing employees from leaving their jobs are among vital factors in the success of organizations. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the effect of education-development and use of strengths on flourishing and intention to leave the job with the role of mediating the satisfaction of psychological needs. This research has been applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey in terms of research method in which by using the modeling method of structural equations, the effect of variables on each other and finally, the fit of the theoretical model presented in this research was determined. In the present study (using Cochran's formula), 226 employees of the Center for Management of Medical Accidents and Emergencies in Guilan Province participated as the sample, using simple random sampling method. The results of hypothesis testing showed that education -development and use of employees' strengths increase the thriving and reduce the intention to leave the job. Additionally, the satisfaction of psychological needs mediates this relationship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Synthesis and Research of STEAM-based Curriculum Indicators and Components for Students with Special Needs
Maryam Azimi Roshan Hossein Momeni Mahmouei Yousef Mahdipour Aliakbar Ajam The purpose of the current research is to investigate the indicators and components of the STEAM-based curriculum for students with special needs. The approach of the current research is qualitative and its method is research synthesis. The research population i More The purpose of the current research is to investigate the indicators and components of the STEAM-based curriculum for students with special needs. The approach of the current research is qualitative and its method is research synthesis. The research population included all articles (211 articles) that were published from 2009 to 2023 about STEAM in the curricula of students with special needs. The sample of the research included 31 articles, which were selected based on thematic monitoring, theoretical saturation of data in a purposive manner. By analyzing the data, the dimensions of STEAM were identified in the curriculum of students with special needs in five dimensions, 14 factors and 58 categories including the dimension of individual factors (including components such as teacher, student); The dimension of process requirements; The dimension of education strategy, environmental requirements (structured environment, supportive environment and technological environment) and evaluation (including indicators such as personalization of evaluation, comprehensiveness in assessment and skill-oriented assessment). The results showed that the integration of STEAM in the curricula of students with special needs requires attention to all dimensions and elements of the curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Cultural Needs Assessment of Tehran University Students
Leila SangiThe student period and the experience gained during it can influence the thoughts, attitudes, values, orientations and behavior of a person in different ways. What shows the importance of student life is the influence of cultural programs and the interest of students to MoreThe student period and the experience gained during it can influence the thoughts, attitudes, values, orientations and behavior of a person in different ways. What shows the importance of student life is the influence of cultural programs and the interest of students to benefit as much as possible from the spaces and facilities available in the university. The purpose of writing this article is to quantitatively investigate the attitudes and cultural preferences of Tehran University students. For this purpose, a number of 382 questionnaires were provided to the students of Tehran University in the first semester of the academic year 2018-2019, so that by completing the questionnaire, students' attitudes regarding cultural programs and their priorities in this field can be quantitatively examined. The findings of the research indicate that considering the atmosphere of the university and the cultural programs implemented in it, more than half of the students have admitted that they do not want to attend the cultural programs of the university. Therefore, changing the attitude of university managers and officials towards the cultural interests of students, accepting the changing tastes of students in parallel with the cultural and social changes of society, accepting the diversity of the cultural needs of the student population, and giving special importance to responding to the needs of students with the aim of transferring value. Cultural events and increasing students' participation in planning and implementing cultural programs can be the basis for deepening cultural values and benefiting students from cultural programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Evaluating the cultural assessment needs of international students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Elahe Motevaseli Mehdi Noroozi Zahrasadat HosseiniAssessing cultural needs is an essential step towards planning cultural development, achieving justice, and improving social relationships of an institution. Therefore, considering the importance of taking steps to extend the rich Iranian-Islamic culture to internationa MoreAssessing cultural needs is an essential step towards planning cultural development, achieving justice, and improving social relationships of an institution. Therefore, considering the importance of taking steps to extend the rich Iranian-Islamic culture to international students, it is important to identify the cultural priorities of international students for appropriate cultural planning.The present study examines the cultural priorities and needs of international students to gain a better understanding of how international student can acclimatize to Iranian-Islamic culture, while embarking on their studies. For this purpose, 130 international students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences used a researcher-made questionnaire (reliability 0.874). The questionnaire consisted of 65 items and was categorized into four major sections including review of tools needed to better understand Iranian-Islamic culture, the needs of international students upon arrival to Iran, the cultural needs after entry into Iran and international student’s interest in cultural related courses. In order to examine the cultural priorities in the various sections, a binomial test was used. In the sections on needs upon arrival in Iran, cultural needs after arrival and interest in participating in training courses, the chi-square test was used. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The results showed that "visiting cultural centers" had the highest frequency of selection as a better tool to get acquainted with Iranian culture. The highest need in Iran at the upon arrival was "familiarity with the university and its facilities". Moreover, studying Persian language was the first priority of the cultural needs of international students and also showed the highest indicators of interest in participating in training courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Longitudinal study of the social progress of Middle East oil countries in the years (2011-2020)
Seyedeh Maliheh Hosseini احسان رحمانی خلیلی Ali BaghaeisarabiThe countries of Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and the United Emirates are among the top oil countries, and according to their billions of oil revenues and similar average investments, they have not had the same social Progress. In this research, the social progress in these MoreThe countries of Iran, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and the United Emirates are among the top oil countries, and according to their billions of oil revenues and similar average investments, they have not had the same social Progress. In this research, the social progress in these countries has been compared with the secondary and descriptive-comparative analysis method. The social progress variable data is extracted from the social progress site. SPSS software was used for data analysis. According to the obtained results, in the variable of social progress and its dimensions (basic needs, welfare foundations and opportunities), the United Emirates, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Iraq were placed in the order of ranking. In terms of opportunities, Iraq is higher than Saudi Arabia, and in 2020 it also surpassed Iran.Compared to other countries, Iran has been ranked higher in the indicators of environmental quality, access to advanced knowledge, shelter, and health, and has been ranked lower in the sub-indices of access to information and communication, individual rights, choice, and individual freedom.Since the biggest weaknesses of Iran are in the dimension of opportunities, it can be improved by reforming and improving cultural laws, as well as the participation of minorities in the country's political issues, and by raising the quality of the index of access to information and communications, as well as following the example of the country of Iraq, which grows in the dimension of opportunities. It has been good to take important steps in the direction of growth, development and social progress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - The Role of Choice Theory Components in Entrepreneurship through Structural Equation Technique
Ali Jafari Rouhallah Samiee Freydoon Azma Mohammad reza Saffarian ToosiThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the components of choice theory in entrepreneurship. This research is applied-developmental in purpose and is correlational descriptive in terms of research method. The statistical population of this study wa MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the components of choice theory in entrepreneurship. This research is applied-developmental in purpose and is correlational descriptive in terms of research method. The statistical population of this study was associate and bachelor students of Ferdowsi and Applied Science universities of Mashhad. As the statistical population was uncountable (more than 1000 people), the sample size was determined 384 people by random sampling based on Morgan table. In order to collect data, entrepreneurship assessment questionnaires (Skarborov and Zimmerer, 2006) and needs assessment based on choice theory (Sahebi, 2002) have been used. The reliability of the Entrepreneurship Questionnaire is 0.87 and the dimensions of the choice theory are 0.91 based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. And their validity has been confirmed by professors and experts. Data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics through SPSS and LISREL software. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the components of choice theory and entrepreneurship. And the most relevant component is the need to survive with entrepreneurship at the rate of 0.719. To investigate the extent and the degree of the impact of each component of choice theory on entrepreneurship, the structural equation has been used and the designed model has been approved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Psychometric properties of Internet Addiction Questionnaire and its relationship with Basic psychological needs
Javad Shahbazi Malek Mirhashemi خدیجه ابوالمعالی الحسینیSince the introduction of the Internet, the pace of changes in life has increased significantly. Addiction to the Internet can cause fundamental changes in human life. Due to the importance of the subject in this research, the psychometric properties of Young's Int MoreSince the introduction of the Internet, the pace of changes in life has increased significantly. Addiction to the Internet can cause fundamental changes in human life. Due to the importance of the subject in this research, the psychometric properties of Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire and its relationship with Basic psychological needs were determined. The statistical population is the students of Roudehen University in 1400, of which 481 people were investigated by multi-stage random sampling method. Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire and Desi and Ryan's Basic Psychological Needs Questionnaire were used to measure the research variables. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient value of 0.928 of the whole internet addiction test showed that the internal consistency and in other words the validity of the questionnaire is very high. In order to analyze the factors, an exploratory factor analysis was performed, as a result of which, three factors of tolerance were extracted as the first factor, salience as the second factor, and mood change as the third factor. Finally, the structural model of the relationship between basic psychological needs and Internet addiction was fitted and the inverse and significant relationship between basic psychological needs and Internet addiction was determined. Also, a significant relationship was found between all components of basic psychological needs and internet addiction with the main variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Comparison of Psychological needs and perceived stress by C.A.T test and Drawing Family divorced children and normal children
سحر حیاتلو نرگس باباخانیthe purpose of the present study was to compare psychological needs and perceived stress based on children's and children's tests and family drawing tests It was divorced and inaccurate in children. In this comparative study, the statistical Morethe purpose of the present study was to compare psychological needs and perceived stress based on children's and children's tests and family drawing tests It was divorced and inaccurate in children. In this comparative study, the statistical population consisted of primary school children, elementary schools in Tehran, among them 60 children of ordinary families and 60 children living in divorced families, in a non-random manner and in Available as sample and matched. The instruments used in this research were Family Draw Test and Children's Anesthesia Test. The results of square test showed that in all perceived stress variables based on the family drawing test (removal from the drawing, parental removal from the drawing, parenting with distance, deletion of the organs of the body, lack of color variation There was a significant difference between the normal children and the divorce in painting using cold colors (p <0.05). Also, comparing the psychological needs of children based on the children's and children's tests on the variables of the child's matching with the parents, the fear of violence or hostile acts in the child, the independence and dependence on the child, the child's fear of being rejected and staying alone, with 95% confidence between normal children And divorce is statistically significant. But in the other components, the scale of the psychological needs includes the competition of the child with the sister and brother, the reconciliation with the younger brother or sister, the child's conception of parental sexual intercourse, the anxiety and the use of the defense mechanism, the child's perception of kindness and parental punishment, There is no significant difference between normal children and divorce in the toilet, walking, cleaning and parental behavior (p> 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - The study of Shahnameh’s realistic tales’ potential for presenting to children
Fatemeh Farzin Mahmoud Tavoosi Maryam Jalali mehdi mahooziSince Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh include captivating tales, it has attracted the attention of writers of children and adolescent to a large extent. A child having the specific characteristics of his age group requires his own needs in order to acquire scientific k MoreSince Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh include captivating tales, it has attracted the attention of writers of children and adolescent to a large extent. A child having the specific characteristics of his age group requires his own needs in order to acquire scientific knowledge and sources in any form even narrative one therefore the present article written using descriptive analytic method and for gathering data made use of library studies is an attempt to study the potential of certain realistic tales in Shahnameh which include issues such as battle scenes, historical, social, romantic, mystical, and moral themes according to child’s age group so that by using strategies such as rewriting, revising, and so on render the ancient text of Shahnameh more appropriate for the age group in question. In this way these realistic captivating tales can attract the attention of the younger audience, so that they can relate to them in their everyday life. Moreover, those stories which deal with one or number of heroes because of their adventurous nature and content and their palpability to man’s life could set an example for children with their creative minds. Inducing the feelings of identification in the audience, the presence of actual child characters in realistic tales of Shahnameh also could serve as an important factor in increasing the potential of the tales to capture the attention of children.. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024