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Open Access Article
1 - The Application of Altman & Springate Models In Bankruptcy Prediction of Accepted Companies In Tehran Stock Exchange
A. Mohammadzadeh M. NoferestiThe investors are always trying to prevent from losing their capital ad interest through predicting theprobability of the bankruptcy of a Company since in the event of the bankruptcy, value of thesecurities decreases intensely. So, the investors are looking for methods MoreThe investors are always trying to prevent from losing their capital ad interest through predicting theprobability of the bankruptcy of a Company since in the event of the bankruptcy, value of thesecurities decreases intensely. So, the investors are looking for methods by which they could predictthe bankruptcy of the Companies. Moreover, one of the issues discussed 'in financial management isthe investment and trust in the investment and one of the things that could help the investors to makeright decisions in their investments is the existence of some tools and models for the assessmenl offinancial status and the condition of the Organizations.The purpose behind this research is to determine the efficiency of Altman and Springate Models inpredicting the bankruptcy of a Company. The statistic Community on which this research was 'madeis~ the successful and bankrupted Companies in Tehran's Security Exchange and the required Data tomake this research is collected in a period of five years (2001-2006). After calculating the ratiosexistent in the models and determining z index, accuracy and error for each of the models arecalculated .Regarding the results obtained from the, research, both, of Altman and Springate Models have thecapability to predict 'the bankruptcy of the Companies in Tehran's security Exchange while AltmanModel enjoys from more accuracy in comparison with Springate Model. So, the prospective investors,shareholders and others are recommended to use Altman Model in predicting the bankruptcy of theCompanies accepted in Tehran 's Security Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Theoretical Exploration About the Phenomenon of Globalization and Cultural - Media Imperialism: Cultural Integration and Assimilation
Meysam FarokhiGlobalization is a phenomenon of the last decades of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century that has hang global issues, national and even individual. Uninterrupted process of this phenomenon almost all macro and micro elements in different levels of human MoreGlobalization is a phenomenon of the last decades of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century that has hang global issues, national and even individual. Uninterrupted process of this phenomenon almost all macro and micro elements in different levels of human society is subject to change. On this basis, the article mentioned that the first analysis the concept of globalization, bed time, the definitions of globalization, schools and related approaches deal with this phenomenon. Following the concepts of cultural- media imperialism scrutinized scientific and theoretical debate and then the author deals with the link between globalization and imperialism cultural- media imperialism. According to this the globalization and imperialism (cultural- media) are considered as international consistent and aligned concepts that are moving in a common direction. And it's aim is to expand and export values, beliefs and priorities of the dominant countries life style in the world to conquer public opinion to other countries. These concepts are two sides of the same coin that move in the direction of assimilation, integration of other cultures and their aim is to undermine local cultures and their transformation into the global culture. At the end of this article, the author in response to the international multiple challenges of the 21st century in the world system proposed this suggestion that Today, in the new informational and communication era, the globalization process requires restructuring and rearranging according to cultural diversity and plurality and local and regional communities; So that each of these cultures as an actor can play the role of their culture in the global and international arena and also had have the ability to provide continuous transfer and deliver of its intellectual and cultural capital to other cultures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Euler-Lagrange equations and geometric mechanics on Lie groups with potential
Ali SuriAbstract. Let G be a Banach Lie group modeled on the Banach space, possibly infinite dimensional, E. In this paper first we introduce Euler-Lagrange equations on the Lie group G with potential and right invariant metric. Euler-Lagrange equations are natural extensions o MoreAbstract. Let G be a Banach Lie group modeled on the Banach space, possibly infinite dimensional, E. In this paper first we introduce Euler-Lagrange equations on the Lie group G with potential and right invariant metric. Euler-Lagrange equations are natural extensions of the geodesic equations on manifolds and Lie groups. In the second part, we study the geometry of the mechanical system of a rigid body with a fixed point in the gravitational field. This Mechanical systems is usually know as symmetric heavy top. Then we show that the extracted equations by this theory coincide with the known equations of heavy top. Finally, as an infinite dimensional example, we study the Camassa-Holm equations on Bott-Virasoro group at the presence of potential. Bott-Virasoro group is the product of the group of diffeomorphisms of the circle of Sobolev class by the real line and by a potential on a Lie group G we mean a differentiable function from G to the real line R. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Canonical module of Cohen-Macaulay affine semigroup
Raheleh JafariLet S be a simplicial affine semigroup of dimension r and R=K[[S]] be the semigroup ring assigned to S, where K is a field. Then R is a Noetherian ring of krull dimension r. When r=1, S is a numerical semigroup whose assigned semigroup ring is a one dimensional Cohen-Ma MoreLet S be a simplicial affine semigroup of dimension r and R=K[[S]] be the semigroup ring assigned to S, where K is a field. Then R is a Noetherian ring of krull dimension r. When r=1, S is a numerical semigroup whose assigned semigroup ring is a one dimensional Cohen-Macaulay ring. In this case, all each set of S is a finite set, and the number of its maximal elements with respect to the natural relation, is equal to the type of R. But in general, when r>1, the Apery sets of S are not necessarily finite. In this paper, we introduce r Apery sets of S whose intersection is a finite set and determines the type and the canonical module of R. This set coincides with an Apery set, when r=1. In particular, we extend the known facts about canonical module of numerical semigroups to all Cohen-Macaulay simplicial affine semigroups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A special subspace of weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane
M. A. ArdalaniIn this paper, we intend to define and study concepts of weight and weighted spaces of holomorphic (analytic) functions on the upper half plane. We study two special classes of these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane. Firstly, we prove these spaces MoreIn this paper, we intend to define and study concepts of weight and weighted spaces of holomorphic (analytic) functions on the upper half plane. We study two special classes of these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane. Firstly, we prove these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane endowed with weighted norm supremum are Banach spaces. Then, we investigate these spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane from a new aspect which has not been considered up to now. Indeed we prove that without any necessary condition on a weight such as restricting the rate of growth from below or above (constructing the upper bound or lower bound) or limit condition (except the continuity on the upper half plane) any weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on the upper half plane has a special subspace which can be written as countable intersection of closed sets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Speculative Bubbles in the Bitcoin Digital Currency Market
Majid Hatefi Majoomard Omolbanin Jalali Mohammad Rahimi GhasemabadiIn recent years, digital currencies have attracted many investors. Bitcoin is one of those digital currencies that are considered to be trading more than other currencies. A review of Bitcoin prices is indicative of fluctuations in this market, which increases probabili MoreIn recent years, digital currencies have attracted many investors. Bitcoin is one of those digital currencies that are considered to be trading more than other currencies. A review of Bitcoin prices is indicative of fluctuations in this market, which increases probability of existing bubble. In this regard, using the monthly data for the period from 08/2013 to 01/2018, the bubble of this market and the single or multiple type of bubbles were investigated. The method used in this study is A recursive unit root test, which was used in the form of SADF, RADF and GSADF tests. Based on the RADF test, there were four bubble periods (March 2015- April 2015, Decembar 2015- March 2016, July 2016- January 2017, September 2017- not disappeared) that had single structures. Based on the SADF test, there was a continuous long bubble period (August 2016- not disappeared), which has a single structure and has not yet exploded. Finally, based on the GSADF test, there were three bubble periods (March 2015- May 2015, Decembar 2015- March 2016, July 2016- not disappeared), that two first bubbles have same structure (March 2015- May 2015, Decembar 2015- March 2016) and the third one has multiple structure (July 2016- not disappeared). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - مقایسه اثر کاپتوپریل و اومپرازول بر زخم دئودنوم ناشی از سیستئامین در موش صحرایی
فیروزه سقایی مرتضی ثمینی ایرج کریمی عابد کوهپایه -
Open Access Article
8 - Anaesthetic effect of glutamate receptors blockers with/or without Alprazolam given by different routes and doses in animal model
ایلیاد عیسی بیگلو احمد اصغریKetamine one of the more important and clinical blocker of brain stimulatory neurotransmitter(glutamate) receptors is a suitable injectable anesthetic in human and animal that has a lowintestinal absorption rate. It's bioavailability in human with oral administration is MoreKetamine one of the more important and clinical blocker of brain stimulatory neurotransmitter(glutamate) receptors is a suitable injectable anesthetic in human and animal that has a lowintestinal absorption rate. It's bioavailability in human with oral administration is %207 andwith rectal administration in cat is %43.56.1 .this drug has some side effects such ashypertension , histamine releasing effects, hallucination, hyper salivation (specially with oraladministration) and etc. Alprazolam is a mild acting benzodiazepine that can pass trough bloodbrainbarrier and causes CNS suppression. Then it seems that co administration of Alprazolamand ketamine cause more effective & deep CNS depression effects.The aim of this study was evaluation of ketamine and Alprazolam CNS suppression effects inthe manner of single and together in cat. Ten free roaming male & mature cats received drugs[ketamine (20, 40, 80mg/kg) & Alprazolam (5, 10, 15mg/kg)] first in mixture of milk (40ml) ormeat (30g) or sublingual spray rout. In 2nd stage they received concomitant doses ofAlprazolam & ketamine by the method mentioned above. Each animal was observed continuallyby educated observer for CNS depression as graded on the behavioral scales.Almost all of the animals rejected receiving drugs in mixture of milk and meat. So sublingualspray rout used for oral administration of drugs. Alprazolam & ketamine showed dosedependent effects in different administered doses. Concomitant use of Alprazolam withketamine improved depth and duration of ketamine's CNS depression effects. So results of thisstudy showed this fact that administration of ketamine & Alprazolam in mixture of milk & meatis not a suitable method in cats. Also Alprazolam in mentioned doses caused a weak suppressionof CNS. But a strong and long time CNS depression is achieved when ketamine sprayed inmouth (as sublingual form). These Symptoms are considered significant in co administration ofthese two drugs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Comparison of ELISA test with histopathology in the diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis
Saidi, S. , Safi, S., Mashhadi Rafii, S., Kabir, F.R., Mortazavi, P. .Samples from 25 cats suspected to be affected with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) (16 cats with the signs of wet FIP and 9 cats with the signs of dry FIP) were collected from 8 clinics in the north-west Tehran from 2013 to 2015 to determine the specificity and sens MoreSamples from 25 cats suspected to be affected with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) (16 cats with the signs of wet FIP and 9 cats with the signs of dry FIP) were collected from 8 clinics in the north-west Tehran from 2013 to 2015 to determine the specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA test compared to the histopathologic findings as the gold standard. ELISA test were performed on the serum and abdominal cavity samples. Statistical analyses were performed on the obtained data by ROC analysis, Youden index, Mann-Whitney U test using SPSS and R soft wares. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated as 100% in 13 cats with wet FIP and 7 cats with dry FIP. The area under curve (AUC) were calculated as 1, which shows the high diagnostic value of the ELISA test. The cut-off value for the ratio of ODs in the positive cats to the negative cats were determined as 3.375. Considering the acceptable sensitivity and specificity of the studied ELISA kit for the diagnosis of FIP, the kit can be used for the diagnosis of FIP alongside with the other diagnostic tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - ارزیابی فعالیت آنزیمهای شاخص آسیب قلبی پس از حذف پریکارد در خرگوش
O. Samiee Amlashi, , Gh. Abedi محمد Nasrollahzadeh Masouleh, , S. Hesarakiپریکاردیکتومی یک شیوه درمانی موثر برای برخی از بیماری­های قلبی است و استفاده از بیومارکرهای قلبی شیوه مهمی برای ارزیابی اثرات جراحی بر سلامت قلب هستند. در این راستا، ﻛـﺮاﺗﻴﻦﻛﻴﻨﺎز، آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎت­آﻣﻴﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز و ﻻﻛﺘـﺎت­دﻫﻴﺪروژﻧﺎز ﺑﻪ­ﻋﻨﻮان آﻧﺰﻳﻢ­ﻫﺎی وﻳﮋه آﺳ Moreپریکاردیکتومی یک شیوه درمانی موثر برای برخی از بیماری­های قلبی است و استفاده از بیومارکرهای قلبی شیوه مهمی برای ارزیابی اثرات جراحی بر سلامت قلب هستند. در این راستا، ﻛـﺮاﺗﻴﻦﻛﻴﻨﺎز، آﺳﭙﺎرﺗﺎت­آﻣﻴﻨﻮﺗﺮاﻧﺴﻔﺮاز و ﻻﻛﺘـﺎت­دﻫﻴﺪروژﻧﺎز ﺑﻪ­ﻋﻨﻮان آﻧﺰﻳﻢ­ﻫﺎی وﻳﮋه آﺳﻴﺐ قلبی از اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردارند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی فعالیت این آنزیم­ها بعد از پریکاردیکتومی در خرگوش­های سالم بود. تعداد 12 سر خرگوش سفید نیوزلندی نر هم­سن با وزن تقریبی 3/0±5/1 کیلوگرم به­ طور تصادفی به دو گروه شاهد و مورد تقسیم شدند. خرگوش­های گروه مورد، عمل پریکاردیکتومی و خرگوش­های گروه شاهد فقط تحت عمل توراکتومی قرار گرفتند. به­ منظور بررسی تغییرات آنزیم­های کراتین­کیناز، لاکتات­ دهیدروژناز، آسپارتات ­آمینوترانسفراز، نمونه­ گیری خون، از تمامی خرگوش­های جراحی شده در هفته ­های اول، دوم، سوم و چهارم بعد از عمل جراحی، انجام شد. براساس نتایج به­دست آماده، مقادیر کراتین­ کیناز در هفته ی اول اختلاف معنی ­داری نسبت به گروه شاهد داشت (05/0 > p). مقادیر کراتین­ کیناز گروه مورد در هفته اول در مقایسه با هفته ­های دوم، سوم و چهارم از نظر آماری افزایش معنی ­داری را نشان داد (05/0 > p). میزان لاکتات­ دهیدروژناز و آسپارتات­ آمینوترانسفراز گروه مورد در هفته­ دوم افزایش معنی ­داری داشتند (05/0 > p). مقادیر لاکتات ­دهیدروژناز و آسپارتات آمینوترانسفراز گروه مورد در هفته دوم در مقایسه با هفته ­های اول، سوم و چهارم اختلاف معنی­داری را نشان دادند (05/0 > p). به­طورکلی می­توان نتیجه گرفت که پریکاردیکتومی باعث افزایش موقت فعالیت آنزیم­های شاخص آسیب قلبی در هفته­ اول و دوم می­شود و بعد از پایان هفته دوم سطوح آنزیم­های کراتین­ کیناز، آسپارتات­آمینوترانسفراز و لاکتات ­دهیدروژناز به حد طبیعی خود برگشته و این افزایش مقادیر دائمی نیستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Measurement and Assessment of environmental and occupational health the Academic libraries in Tehran
Mehdi Rahmani Mohsen HajizaynolabediniPurpose: This study aimed to assess the occupational health in the University Central Librarriess located in Tehran. Methodology: This study is a descriptive survey. The population consisted of central libraries of universities in Tehran (a total of 20 libraries). Data MorePurpose: This study aimed to assess the occupational health in the University Central Librarriess located in Tehran. Methodology: This study is a descriptive survey. The population consisted of central libraries of universities in Tehran (a total of 20 libraries). Data were collected using a questionnaire. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings: Analysis showed that the health indicators if Tehran university libraries in total, is18 percent in poor condition, 40% percent medium, 36% good condition, and 3% very good condition. Health indicators are not observed in 3% of the libraries. Conclusion: Assessment of occupational health in Central University Libraries in Tehran with safety measures, showed that occupational health and safety is in medium condition and can be considered as successful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - An overview of the place of fiber in nutrition, health and its application and methods of modification in the food industry
Morva Hosseiny Peyman RajaeiNowadays, the health effects of dietary fiber are very much considered. Dietary fiber is found in foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains and is low in calories and fat. Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be broken down in the body and is not digested by enzymes i MoreNowadays, the health effects of dietary fiber are very much considered. Dietary fiber is found in foods such as fruits, vegetables, and grains and is low in calories and fat. Fiber is a carbohydrate that cannot be broken down in the body and is not digested by enzymes in the digestive system. Fibers include cellulose, hemicellulose, gum, pectic substances, and lignin, which due to their glucose absorption capacity, cholesterol absorption capacity, oil storage capacity, and very low calories are used to reduce and treat diseases such as obesity, diabetes, various cancers, intestinal diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. They're effective. Many food industry wastes such as fruit pomace, date kernels and cereal bran are important sources of dietary fiber that can be used as prebiotics for the growth and proliferation of beneficial intestinal bacteria. Based on physical properties, fibers are divided into two categories, soluble and insoluble in water. Insoluble fibers are not used due to their unpleasant taste and poor performance, which are converted into soluble fiber by methods such as physical, chemical, enzymatic and combined modification. Due to low cost, short time, simple operation and no production of toxic waste, the physical method is the most widely used. In this article, the types of fiber, their therapeutic properties, and their modification methods have been investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of Probiotics on Patulin Content Reduction of Synbiotic Apple Juice
A. Zoghi K. Khosravi-Darani S. Sohrabvandi H. Attar S. A. AlaviIntroduction: Patulin is commonly produced in apples in unsuitable postharvest or storage conditions and has pasteurization temperature resistance. Some probiotic strains are capable of binding with patulin and remove it from apple juice. The aim of this study is to inv MoreIntroduction: Patulin is commonly produced in apples in unsuitable postharvest or storage conditions and has pasteurization temperature resistance. Some probiotic strains are capable of binding with patulin and remove it from apple juice. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of adding Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC1643 and Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC1058 on reduction of patulin content in apple juice. Materials and Methods: Seven variables (probiotic strain, inoculum size, fructooligosaccharide content, inulin concentration, patulin content, ascorbic acid and citric acid concentration) were defined in two levels and Plackett-Burman design was used to evaluate the impact of variables on efficiency of patulin removal. Apple juice samples were pasteurized and were then inoculated and kept in the refrigerator for 42 days. The pH value, titratable acidity, reducing sugars, patulin content and viability of probiotics were analyzed on the first day (week 0) and every week during refrigerated storage. Results: Fructooligosaccharide content and ascorbic acid concentration were determined as more effective variables on patulin removal from apple juice. Inserting 108 and 1010 cfu/ml Lactobacillus plantarum to apple juice can reduce 85.23% and 91.23% of initial patulin content, respectively. Conclusion: Both Lactobacillus acidophilus PTCC1643 and Lactobacillus plantarum PTCC1058 have the capacity of PAT removal from apple juice, but percent of removal depends on environment conditions. The highest percent of patulin removal caused during one day after inoculation of probiotic strains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effect of Inulin and Microcrystalline Cellulose on Oil Absorption, Texture and Sensory Characteristics of Prebiotic Chicken Nuggets
P. Azizi L. NateghiIntroduction: In recent years, the consumption of fried and semi-fried meat products like nuggets has increased. Growing concerns about the dangers of consumption high-fat foods has caused the food industry to develop new-formulation for low-fat foods. Materials and Me MoreIntroduction: In recent years, the consumption of fried and semi-fried meat products like nuggets has increased. Growing concerns about the dangers of consumption high-fat foods has caused the food industry to develop new-formulation for low-fat foods. Materials and Methods: Chiken naggets prebiotic were produced using microcrystalline cellulose concentrations (0.5, 1, 1.5 %) and inulin concentrations (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 %) Individually and in combination (2.5 % inulin and 1% microcrystalline cellulose). The physicochemical properties, texture, oil absorption and sensory properties were compared with the control sample at two stayes, one hour after production and 120 days of storage. Results: The results of the study showed physicochemical characteristics that the addition of different concentrations of inulin and microcrystalline cellulose did not have a significant effect (p<0.05) on protein, salt, ash and coating changes in comparison with control treatment. Also, by increasing the percentage of inulin and microcrystalline cellulose, percentage of moisture and Burn Drop significantly increased (p≤0.05) and the percentage of oil absorption, texture hardness, shear force, chewiness, springiness, gumminess and cohesiveness significantly decreased (p≤0.05) in chicken nugget samples. The results of histological test showed that by adding 1% microcrystalline cellulose and 2.5% inulin the of nugget samples were introduced as the best treatment. The evaluation of sensory properties showed that treatment containing 2.5 % inulin and 1% microcrystalline cellulose had the highest sensory acceptability. Conclusion: The evaluation of sensory properties showed that treatment containing 2.5% inulin and 1% microcrystalline cellulose were introduced as the best treatment and had the highest sensory acceptability and general acceptance for consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Synbiotic Mayonnaise Sauce Produced Via Incorporation of Encapsulated Probiotic Bacteria with Alginate and Resistant Starch
Nima Mohammadi Maryam Fahimdanesh Hamed Ahari Mohammad Ali Khosravi ZanjaniIntroduction: Mayonnaise sauce is consumed by a large number of people. Producing symbiotic mayonnaise sauce with probiotic bacteria has probably an important impact in human health promotion. Recently, Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria is the newest method for i MoreIntroduction: Mayonnaise sauce is consumed by a large number of people. Producing symbiotic mayonnaise sauce with probiotic bacteria has probably an important impact in human health promotion. Recently, Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria is the newest method for increasing the survival ability of probiotics in food products.Materials and Methods: In this study, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121, Lactobacillus casei ATCC 39392 and Bifidobacterium bifidum ATCC 29521 were encapsulated by calcium alginate and resistant starch under the emulsion procedure. These were added to the mayonnaise sauce either as free cells or encapsulated form. The survival of probiotic was evaluated during storage after 30 days at 4 ºC. The morphologicalcharacteristics of capsules were indicated by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope.Results: The survival of encapsulated probiotic bacteria was higher than the free state in mayonnaise sauce. There were not detectable differences in the morphological characteristics of the capsules with resistant starch employing scanning electron microscope and optical microscopy. Sensory evaluation of mayonnaise sauce was improved by the addition of encapsulated probiotic bacteria.Conclusion: The microencapsulation significantly increased the survival of probiotic bacteria and synbiotic mayonnaise sauce with an acceptable quality characteristic might be introduced for the production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigation of Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Parishan Land-Cover Using Decision Tree Model and Satellite Imagery
golafarin zare Bahram Malek mohammadi Hamidreza Jafari Ahmad Reza Yavari Ahmad NohegarBackground and Objective: Wetlands, as one of the most important types of ecosystems in the world, are extremely threatened. In addition to being part of Iran's protected areas, the Parishan wetland is also known as an international wetland and biosphere reserve. Unders MoreBackground and Objective: Wetlands, as one of the most important types of ecosystems in the world, are extremely threatened. In addition to being part of Iran's protected areas, the Parishan wetland is also known as an international wetland and biosphere reserve. Understanding the process of changing in this wetland, can be very helpful in improving its future status. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to monitor the changes in the over a 30-year period. Material and Methodology: For the purpose of the research, Landsat satellite images were prepared for four time periods of 1987, 1998, 2007 and 2016 along with other required data. By performing the required preprocessing in ENVI 4.7 software, Parishan wetland land-cover maps was extracted using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Normalized Difference Water Index combining with Decision Tree method in three class including water-body, vegetation and others land-cover. Findings: The results showed that after 30 years only 13 hectares of 1963 hectares of Parishan wetland water-body remained. Monitoring of changes shows that Parishan wetland water-body has decreased by 1950 hectare in comparison to 1987, 3605 hectare in comparison to 1998 and 2272 hectare in comparison to 2007. Discussion and Conclusion: using satellite data and remote sensing techniques along with Decision Tree classification model indicate the capability of this method for identifying and classifying land-cover in wetland areas where vegetation and water are intertwined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Economic Valuation of Market Oriented Outputs for Environmental Sources in Arjan-Parishan Lake (With in Emphasis Aquatic Species)
Majid Abbasspour Zahra Abedi Majid Ahmadian Farzaneh ZafariAbstractEconomic valuation of the environmental resources is an instrument to familiarize people with theservices and products provided by ecological functions.This article reflects estimation of main findings of a research on Arjan Plain and Parishan Lake tovalue sever MoreAbstractEconomic valuation of the environmental resources is an instrument to familiarize people with theservices and products provided by ecological functions.This article reflects estimation of main findings of a research on Arjan Plain and Parishan Lake tovalue several goods and services provided by this natural site which is recognized as a protected area,based on market prices.After determining natural and socio – political boundaries of the zone, all environmental goods andservices have been identified. Then, questionnaires relevant to each goods and services have beenappropriately designed and filled to be analyzed by Eviews software in the further stage.Based on the final results, the value of fishing activity in the region has been calculated about 1597Milliard IR.Rials (168 Million Dollars); medicinal herbs 48 Milliard IR.Rials (5 Million Dollars);natural fruits 36 Milliard IR.Rials (3 Million Dollars), the forage 6957 Milliard IR.Rials (732 MillionDollars), and water 5694 Milliard IR.Rials (599 Million Dollars) for an annual period starting from2008.Accordingly, the total value of the functions and services computed for the region has been estimatedto be 24457 Milliard IR.Rials. (2574 Million Dollars) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Existing bubble stock test with Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller techniques and Impulse Response Function and analysis of Variance Decomposition
mohamadreza mahjoub Seyed Ali Nabavi ChashmiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of bubbles in the capital market of Iran market by using Applied to Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Impulse Response and analysis of Variance Decomposition. For this purpose, using monthly data, MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of bubbles in the capital market of Iran market by using Applied to Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Impulse Response and analysis of Variance Decomposition. For this purpose, using monthly data, four indices (the price / profit ratio Share, total market price index, exchange rate and inflation rate) were investigated for the period from 2011 to 2018, and the stock price bubble was discovered.The results obtained from the tests, explosive behavior and the existence of multiple bubbles in the Iranian investment market have been confirmed, both of the indicators evaluated (price / earning per share and the total price index) co-exist with the bubble in the intervals of 03.2011-07.2014and 09.2015-04.2017indicated a failure of the bubble on 08.2014 and 05.2017. The Results Response Functions (IRFs) confirmed that seeking to inflate a shock to a standard deviation and exchange rate, the stock index created a bubble, so that this created bubble in standard deviation has led to a defead in the past eleven month, but the exchange rate in the the fifteenth monthes the bubble of stock index has been flooded . The results of these prediction error (VDCs), it also indicate that the forecast error of the inflation variable on the stock index has been completely ineffective. Nevertheless this forecast error in the long-term exchange rate has had a significant impact on the index and eventually the on bursting of the bubble. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Position of Balanced Scorecard in Stock Selection Decision Making Using PAPRIKA Technique
Bita Mashayekhi Mojtaba SaeediThe main aim of this paper is to examine the role of financial and non-financial criteria of balanced scorecard in portfolio selection using modern technique of Potentially Pairwise Rankings of all possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA), from the view point of professional and MoreThe main aim of this paper is to examine the role of financial and non-financial criteria of balanced scorecard in portfolio selection using modern technique of Potentially Pairwise Rankings of all possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA), from the view point of professional and non-professional investors. To this purpose and through theoretical literature, and by adaption of factor analysis method effective factors were identified and chosen in stock selection. Then with respect to responding of professional and non-professional investors to the questions, and using of PAPRIKA multivariate decision making model by them, these criteria were ranked. Initially, 60 variables were used in this study and then after conducting exploratory factor analysis they were reduced to 29 factors. The results of this study indicate that the first six variables effective on stock selection for professional investors respectively include variables of profitability growth, solvency, return, return on assets and equity, customer’s satisfaction, price-to-earnings ratio; and for the non-professional investors, they comprise of price-to-earnings ratio, return, profitability growth, solvency, return on assets and equity, di-rectors' ability. Similarly, the results of the study show that compared to non-professional investors, professional investors attach more importance for non-financial criteria of balanced scorecard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Estimation of economical values related toMedical plants species of Arjanparishan Lake
Zahra Abedi Mahsa Hosseini Amjad< p >A great numbers of studies have been accomplished in the field of valuation which shows its increasing importance. By economic valuation of the natural resources you can find out to some extend their real value and so prevent the destruction and the irregular More< p >A great numbers of studies have been accomplished in the field of valuation which shows its increasing importance. By economic valuation of the natural resources you can find out to some extend their real value and so prevent the destruction and the irregular consumption of them. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the economic value of the medical- pharmaceutical plants and the market value of different kinds of pharmaceutical plants productions around ParishanLake. In order to estimate the mentioned values, some questionnaires have been provided and filled in this regard. In addition to the determining the values of the pharmaceutical plants through economic valuation methodology and proper method selection, the effective factors in economic valuation of medical- pharmaceutical plants have been detected and on the base of them the questionnaires have been provided. Therefore, regarding the importance of medical- pharmaceutical plants and their inevitable relation with natural resources and their application, this paper is an effort to analyze this relation. The limit of the studied geographical region is as follows: The most important fresh water lake in Iran, located 12 km east of Kazeroun, among FamourMountains. It has an area of almost 36 km2 with a length of 12 km and a width of 3 km. The economic value of the pharmaceutical plants of the region of Arjan and parishan lakes has been estimated after onsite specifying the amount and market price of pharmaceutical plants by groceries during one month and also consumption of pharmaceutical plants mentioned in questionnaires on the basis of market valuation method. The value was estimated by application of E-views software. The obtained value for Arjan and Parishan lakes is estimated 1036588 Toman for one month. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Vice and Virtue in Germanic and Iranian Myths
Poolak Aslankhani Seyed Masoud SalamiMyth, which is one of the major building blocks of literature throughout the world, portrays through symbolic language exquisite stories of social and cultural values of the nations, and is considered as significant sources of social and cultural research. By comparativ MoreMyth, which is one of the major building blocks of literature throughout the world, portrays through symbolic language exquisite stories of social and cultural values of the nations, and is considered as significant sources of social and cultural research. By comparative analysis of tales, the thought and the bases of them are recognized from one hand and it is feasible to find the common grounds of nations throughout the world on the other. Magical tales and fairy tales are among the most important and marvelous myths which present extraordinary and metaphysical incidents in unreal and imaginary worlds. Since duality is a vital basis of magical myths and is among major motives in fairy tales, the aim of this study is to comparatively analyze this factor and also the role of the protagonist in confrontation with vice and virtue in Germanic and Iranian myths to highlight the similarities and differences of the two cultures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - مطالعه بیوشیمیایی و پاتولوژیکی اثر پیشگیرانه مصرف ویتامین C بر عوارض کبدی ناشی از مصرف داروی Azathioprine در موش
بهرام عمواوغلی تبریزی داریوش مهاجری علی خدادادی میرهادی خیاط نوری حسین جدیری فرزین فرج زاده اهری ساعد برادران علیزاده -
Open Access Article
23 - مطالعه آسیب شناختی ضایعات قلبی در گاوهای کشتاری استان قزوین
کاوه کشاورز صفیئی فریبرز معیر فرهنگ ساسانی علی کاظمی حسین نوروزی محمود توحیدی مقدم -
Open Access Article
24 - تأثیر پری بیوتیک دیواره سلولی مخمر Saccharomyces cerevisia بر شاخصهای خونشناختی و آنزیمهای کبدی بچه ماهیان انگشت قد کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus. 1758)
حجت الله جعفریان محمد رضا بیواره سمیرا جعفریان -
Open Access Article
25 - بررسی مقایسه ای بافت شناسی غده پرین مرغان گوشتی و بومی
بهزاد مبینی اردشیر ضیائی -
Open Access Article
26 - اثرات ترکیب گیاهی آویشن و میخک در جیره غذایی بر صفات لاشه و فراسنجههای خونی جوجههای گوشتی
علی نوری -
Open Access Article
27 - مقایسه اثرات دو گیاه آویشن و میخک با محرک رشد در جیره غذایی بر صفات تولیدی جوجههای گوشتی
علی نوری امام زاده -
Open Access Article
28 - Effect of Hypericum perforatum extract on passive avoidance learning of male wistar rats
پروین اسدی کامبیز روشنایی حمیدرضا مهاجرانیAgeing could been resulted to increase of oxidative stress that could lead to damage of brain processes including cognitive functions. Since Hypericum extract have increasing effect on brain cognitive functions e.g. learning and memory , it’s effect on passive avo MoreAgeing could been resulted to increase of oxidative stress that could lead to damage of brain processes including cognitive functions. Since Hypericum extract have increasing effect on brain cognitive functions e.g. learning and memory , it’s effect on passive avoidance learning of male wistar rats were examined.Methods: 16 male wistar rats, each weighing about 250-300 g were divided into two groups, control and Hypericum extract group(animals administered with 350 mg/kg/day of Hypericum extract). All of groups had free access to water and food with no limitation. Hypericum extract was administrated orally each day for one week. The passive avoidance learning test was done in the shuttle box device following intending treatments for all groups and in similar conditions. In this test, increased time delay for the first time of entry to the dark chamber and decreased staying time in the dark chamber considered as improved passive avoidance learning The data were analyzed by SPSS software and one-way ANOVA followed by the Tuckey test.Findings: In compare to control group, passive avoidance indices were increased significantly. In other words, mean step through latency (STL) of H. perforatum group was 260 seconds and was higher than that of control group (240 seconds) significantly (p< .001). Conclusion: Our results indicated that administered Hypericum extract could increase passive avoidance learning indices in rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Bio-butanol production from bread waste with using the amylolytic Clostridium isolated from Parishan Lake
Maryam Mirzadeh Abbasali RezaeianBackground and Aim: Bio-butanol has been regarded as an alternative to petroleum fuels due to its renewability. The aim of this study is to produce bio-butanol using bread waste and environmental bacteria. Materials and Methods: In this study, samples were randomly take MoreBackground and Aim: Bio-butanol has been regarded as an alternative to petroleum fuels due to its renewability. The aim of this study is to produce bio-butanol using bread waste and environmental bacteria. Materials and Methods: In this study, samples were randomly taken from the depth of 50 to 100 cm of Parishan Lake sediments. After culturing under anaerobic conditions and phenotypic diagnosis of the Clostridium genus, 16S rRNA primer was used for genotypic identification. Isolates were screened based on amylase activity in starch-agar medium. To evaluate the effect of environmental factors (pH, temperature and raw material) on amylase activity of the selected isolates, a modified culture medium containing starch was used. Then, in an optimal culture medium, merely consisting of water and dry bread, bio-butanol was produced and separated by fractional distillation. The accuracy of its presence was confirmed by chromic acid test and gas chromatography. Results: Out of a total of 530 isolated bacteria, three clostridium isolates had the highest amylase activity and bio-butanol production, which after 16S rRNA sequencing, were registered as Clostridium Beijerinckii (KM999944), Clostridium diolis (KM999945) and Clostridium roseum (KM999946) in NCBI. The highest yield with a concentration of 2.344g/l in the culture medium containing 25g/l bread waste, pH7 and 35°C has been related to Clostridium roseum. Conclusion: The results showed that under optimal conditions, environmental clostridia have a good potential for the production of bio-butanol from cheap raw materials like bread waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Analysis of the novel "Fairies House" by Touraj Zahedi Based on the Young individuality process pattern
Seyyede mina Mostafavi montazeri Shahin Ogagh Alizade Toraj AghdaieThe analysis of contemporary novels is one of the most important approaches to the narrative critique through the "individuality process" pattern based on Carl Gustav Young's vote. This pattern is about the self-consciousness of self-consciousness and growth. The resear MoreThe analysis of contemporary novels is one of the most important approaches to the narrative critique through the "individuality process" pattern based on Carl Gustav Young's vote. This pattern is about the self-consciousness of self-consciousness and growth. The research approach of this article is to analyze the novels of Prince Touraj Zahedi's house based on the model of Young's individuality process, because the discovery of these concepts and their use in modern literary criticism has many uses. The main purpose of this research is to adapt the mystical journey of Reza Razavi's personality to the pattern of Young's individuality process, which makes the hero of the story come to an unity with his inner self, control the negative aspects of his soul and restore his soul to life. This essay uses an analytical-descriptive method to ascertain that a person needs to be familiar with and integrate with an analogue of mask, anima or animus, and to integrate with them in order to eventually achieve the process of individuality. Research findings indicate that Reza Razavi, the main character of this novel, is invited to search the inner world for human perfection. In order to understand himself, he traverses all stages of ritualistic conduct by knowing Anima, receiving ancient guidance and battle with various aspects of his shadow. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Genettian Narrative Typology at Odds: Scrutiny of False Analepsis in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
Miad Mahmoudizadeh Javad Yaghoobi Derabi Naimeh Tabatabai LotfiIn the world of narratology today, Gérard Genette’s narrative typology is among the most annotated schemata and it is widely popular since his narrative theory seems to prevail over a great number of narratives in the whole history of literature, ranging fr MoreIn the world of narratology today, Gérard Genette’s narrative typology is among the most annotated schemata and it is widely popular since his narrative theory seems to prevail over a great number of narratives in the whole history of literature, ranging from classic to modernist and postmodernist works. It is as if such works were following a prescribed scheme to expand and develop – which proves the universality of his narrative theory. Throughout this article, Genettian typology is discussed from a partially different perspective in one of the canonical British prose works in The Age of Sensibility. The dominance of Genettian typology in Tom Jones is undeniable as it shall be discussed how; however, a modification and manipulation of one of the anachronies – analepsis – and the introduction of a new type of analepsis – false analepsis – by Henry Fielding employed for the first time in the very period is the major focus of this article. In this study, false analepsis are justified by means of exemplification and multiple references to Tom Jones as the only case study of this article. Moreover, the impact of anachronies on this work is emphasized. Fielding’s work not only employs anachronies, but also introduces a new branch of anachronies, which is the very false analepsis as a form of anachrony. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Language as the Representation of Postmodernism in the book “Asfar-eh Kateban” (The books of scribes)
Azardokht Khatibi Rahim Taher Reza FahimiThe Book of Scribes (Asfare Kateban) is a different novel whose summary requires substantial care and attention. The different features of this novel are in harmony with the constituent elements of postmodern stories since it consists of several narrations that are some MoreThe Book of Scribes (Asfare Kateban) is a different novel whose summary requires substantial care and attention. The different features of this novel are in harmony with the constituent elements of postmodern stories since it consists of several narrations that are somehow related to each other. But its beginning and ending are unclear. Its beginning is related to one narration and its end is taken from another narration. There are many contradictions and inconsistencies in its components. Therefore, its audience must be a storyteller, and have a postmodern worldview in order to be able to search for its scattered components. But all this feature can only be transmitted to the audience through language. A language that has its own difficulties. It is not transparent and does not value the boundaries of both time and two-time. The language he wants is both an expression and a means of expression on dream and dream data, nightmares, myths, symbols, illusions and imagination. However, the information in this article is provided in a library style and then described using an analytical method. In general, it seems that the author, with many inter-textual references, tries to turn the reader's attention to mythological, historical, personal, social and psychological issues and to show that man is not alone and from the history of our land, the only voice of tyranny and oppression can be heard. It is always written in the absence of oppressed people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Khaghani and Folk Beliefs About Animals
Hossein Zanganeh Iraj MehrakiKhaghani is one of the high level poets of Persian poetry and prose in the sixth century AH. He has been a man who has aristocracy on various topics, and he refers in his poems to various sciences. From the sociological point of view of literature, in which, nowadays co MoreKhaghani is one of the high level poets of Persian poetry and prose in the sixth century AH. He has been a man who has aristocracy on various topics, and he refers in his poems to various sciences. From the sociological point of view of literature, in which, nowadays considered by literary critics, Khaghani's poetry is full of social and political issues. One component of the sociology of literature is popular culture, or in other words, folklore. Khaghani's poetical work is full of folk beliefs of his era. Popular beliefs about animals can be found in the subset of popular culture. Surprisingly, some of these beliefs are applicable even now among the populace and properties.In this essay, the authors have attempted to examine, through a descriptive-analytical method, a section of Folklore in Khaghani's poetical work and to elucidate Khaghani's view of some superstitious material of his era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Sociological Analysis of the Novel My Share Based on Lucien Goldman’s Theories
Shervin Khamse nasrin shirzadehParinoush Saniee’s My Share, published in 2003, is an Iranian bestseller of recent years. A page-turner, the novel displays the atmosphere and milieu of Iran’s 1960s and afterwards, as well as the social condition for women during those days. The present res MoreParinoush Saniee’s My Share, published in 2003, is an Iranian bestseller of recent years. A page-turner, the novel displays the atmosphere and milieu of Iran’s 1960s and afterwards, as well as the social condition for women during those days. The present research is to find an answer for the question of how the political, social, economic, and cultural factors have brought about the production of this novel. Considering the sociology of literature, in which the relation between political, social, economic and cultural structures and a certain literary work is studied in order to reveal the connection between literature and society, the researchers have tried to base the research on Lucien Goldman’s theory of ‘Genetic Structuralism” to discover the impression of social grounds and instigations on the writing of My Share, and also the role of women in social changes as pictured in it. To do so, the novel has been studied through two steps, i.e. firstly understanding the narration via the analysis of the characters, and then interpreting the story throughout the analysis of the then society. While the sociological structure of the novel is compatibly based on the social structure of the community, many elements of Goldman’s theories are true about it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - components of Post-colonialism Mehdi Akhavan-Sales poem
seyedegohar norbakhsh Abdolhossein FarzadOne of the areas of new studies in the Third-World Countries and a critical approach to a set of theoretical approaches that emphasize the consequences of colonialism on colonial discourse analysis is Post-colonialism studies. Edward Said the real founder of theor MoreOne of the areas of new studies in the Third-World Countries and a critical approach to a set of theoretical approaches that emphasize the consequences of colonialism on colonial discourse analysis is Post-colonialism studies. Edward Said the real founder of theory post-colonialism , The basis of his theory in his Orientalist essay is based on this. Western thinkers have mainly posited the wrong image of the Orient as "another." Edward Said believes that the consequences of colonialism in terms of chaos, coup, corruption, and civil wars and bloodshed continued to these days. Mehdi Akhavan Sales is one of the poets who narrate the presence of British and American colonialism in his poetry, in the literature of Iran. This descriptive analytic article is about expressing the post-colonial effects of his poetry. Studies show that Akhavan has spoken in a symbolic and illustrative language with poetic images of colonialism, and in his poems described a despondent atmosphere after colonial domination Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Investigating the Mythological and Symbolic Concepts of the Tree in Marzbannameh
Cobra jalilimoakher hamidreza farzi ebrahim poordargahiFrom the very beginning of creation, the tree has somehow been linked to human life and has played an important role in the myths, rituals and beliefs of the people; Because of the relationship between literature and mythology, the tree has also been reflected in litera MoreFrom the very beginning of creation, the tree has somehow been linked to human life and has played an important role in the myths, rituals and beliefs of the people; Because of the relationship between literature and mythology, the tree has also been reflected in literary texts;Marzbanameh is one of the Persian literary texts in which the tree has a wide reflection. In this paper, the mythological and symbolic concepts of the tree in Marzbanameh are studied. The authors hypothesized that the tree in Marzbanameh stories had a mythological, religious function in addition to its literary function.Based on the aforementioned idea and by analyzing the content of the stories, this hypothesis has been verified. It must be explained that ten mythological attributes of the tree Marzbanameh can be observed, such as the cosmic tree, Illumination (awareness), healing, the relationship between the tree and the fairy, relationship with the snake, the role of the tree in determining the fate, the shelter role of the tree, the relationship of the tree with the genealogy, the worship of the tree, the speaking tree. The widespread application of the mythological concepts of the tree in Marzbanameh reinforces the hypothesis that the book was written in the Sasanian era and in the time of Anushirvan. In addition, the tree's sacredness and respect for humans and its presence in their lives have been due to humans' need for the tree as a food and medicine source. The research method is descriptive-analytical in terms of library work space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - اثربخشی آموزش خود شفابخشی بر بهزیستی، رضایت، تصویر بدن و تحمل پریشانی زنان مبتلا به اختلال پرخوری عصبی
زهره لطیفی شراره ضرابی فاطمه سادات طباطبایی نژاد محمد زارع نیستانک -
Open Access Article
38 - اثربخشی کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهنآگاهی بر تحمل پریشانی ، سیستم مغزی رفتار و کنشهای اجرایی در افراد مبتلا به اماس در مازندران
ملیحه مهدیخانی رمضان حسن زاده محمدکاظم فخری -
Open Access Article
39 - مقایسه اضطراب درد، تحمل پریشانی و ذهنآگاهی در افراد مبتلا به سندرم روده تحریکپذیر و افراد عادی
سعیده خاکی هاجر ترکان وحید سبقت الهی -
Open Access Article
40 - اثربخشی مداخله شناختی رفتاری بر پریشانی روانشناختی در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان
نیلوفر هاشمی حسین خدمتگزار -
Open Access Article
41 - پیشبینی گرایش به خودکشی بر اساس تحمل پریشانی و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده در دانشجویان دانشگاههای شهر همدان
محمد مهدی مهرآسا لیلا عروتی موفق -
Open Access Article
42 - مقایسه پریشانی روانشناختی، سرمایههای روانشناختی و نظمجویی هیجانی در بین مادران دارای کودکان مبتلا به سرطان با مادران عادی
مریم السادات حسینی رویا محمدی علی اکبر نهنگ -
Open Access Article
43 - Effectiveness of dialectical behavioral group therapy on psychological distress in infertile women in Isfahan
marjan sheikhsajadieh hamid atashpuorThe aim of this study was determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the psychological distress in infertile women in city of Isfahan. The study population included all women referring to Infertility Center of Isfahan. After administering pre-test to MoreThe aim of this study was determine the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on the psychological distress in infertile women in city of Isfahan. The study population included all women referring to Infertility Center of Isfahan. After administering pre-test to both experimental and control groups by Psychological Distress Inventory questionnaire (Kslrv et al., 2003). The experimental group received 8 weekly sessions of dialectical behavioral group therapy and control group did not received any treatment. Then, post-test was administered by the same instrument to both groups. The data were analyzed by Covariance test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results showed that the training of dialectical behavior group therapy is effectiveness on psychological distress ininfertile women in Isfahan (P < /span>< 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Construction and Standardization of Organizational Psycho-Pathologic Diagnostic Test
منوچهر کامکار منوچهر کامکار علی دلاور حسن احدی حسین آزادThe main purpose of this research was to construct and standardize an organizational psycho-pathologic diagnostic test among industrial-productive and administrative-serving Organizations in Isfahan city. For this purpose the first organizational psycho-pathologic diagn MoreThe main purpose of this research was to construct and standardize an organizational psycho-pathologic diagnostic test among industrial-productive and administrative-serving Organizations in Isfahan city. For this purpose the first organizational psycho-pathologic diagnostic questionnaire was prepared with questions on the basis of preliminary administration on workers ( from industrial-productive and from administrative-serving Organizations) and theoretical constructions. Then, operant workers were randomly selected ( from industrial-productive and from administrative-serving Organizations) and the questionnaire was administered to them. Finally, items were selected for organizational psycho-pathologic diagnostic test on the basis of two criteria including positive correlation with a total score of test and positive factorial load on only one factor. The construct validity of the test was investigated with an exploratory factor analysis and Varimax method of rotation. Six factors were found: dramatic (with questions), depressed (with questions), psychotic (with questions), paranoid (with questions), anxious (with questions), obsessive-compulsive (with questions), organizations. These six factors accounted for percent of the total scales variance. Eigen value of this factors were and . Internal consistency and test-retest reliability showed that the alpha for six sub-scales was. and respectively. The split-half coefficients also were. and respectively. The result of test-retest showed that timing reliability coefficients of the scale and sub-scales were. and and the total was significant (P < ) the total test-retest coefficients also were in addition to evidences related to the validity and reliability questionnaire, statistical standards, such as mean, standard deviation, percentile ranks (from to percentile ranks) and standard scores (such as Z,T and Stanine scores) was also prepared and presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - A Survey of Happiness Education Effective in Fordyce Method on Increasing of Happiness of Diabetic Patients in Behbahan City
فریدون کایوند منصور سودانی عبداله شفیعآبادیThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city wer MoreThe aim of this research is determination of effects of happiness training on the increase in the happiness of diabetic patients. Therefore as a semi experimental plan 40 subject diabetic patients who approached to the center for diabetic consulting in Behbahan city were chosen randomly. They were divided into two random groups of experimental and control. And then the test group was thought happiness training for 10 sessions (one 90 min session in each week) with the method of Fordyce. Pre test and post test were conducted for both groups. Pre test and post test in this project was Oxford Happiness Inventory with marks for blood sugar patients. The results show that happiness training is effective on increase in happiness (p < 0.01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The effect of self-perception on mental vulnerability mediated by emotional distress tolerance in people with depressive disorder
faezeh noroozi Mahbobeh Zare MarzoniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-perception on mental vulnerability mediated by emotional distress tolerance in people with depressive disorder. The research was a descriptive correlation based on Path analysis. The statistical population MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-perception on mental vulnerability mediated by emotional distress tolerance in people with depressive disorder. The research was a descriptive correlation based on Path analysis. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women with depressive disorder with a record in 27 counseling and treatment centers for psychological disorders under the supervision of the Welfare Organization in Gorgan in 2020. In this study, 260 women with depressive disorder were selected as the sample size available. The research instruments included Mental Vulnerability Questionnaire of Najarian and Davoodi (2001), Self-Perception Questionnaire of Pourhossein (2009) and Emotional Distress Tolerance Questionnaire Simmons and Gahr (2005). Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling based on multivariate regression and 18SPSS software, 23 Amos. Findings showed that self-perception of -0.32 and emotional distress tolerance -0.23 had a direct effect on mental vulnerability (P<0/001). The indirect effect of self-perception on the mediation of emotional distress tolerance on mental vulnerability was confirmed (P<0/001). In general, 0.38 of the mental vulnerability variable can be explained by self-perception through the mediation of emotional distress tolerance. The results of this study provide practical implications for reducing psychological harm with respect to the components of emotional distress tolerance and self-perception in depressed people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The effects of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy and compassionate therapy on distress tolerance and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular disease
Fatemeh Bronsi zahra Bagherzadeh Gol Makani Ahmad Mansouri ahmad zendedelThis study aimed at comparing functional analysis therapy and compassionate therapy on distress tolerance and difficulty in regulating emotion among cardiovascular patients. It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical MoreThis study aimed at comparing functional analysis therapy and compassionate therapy on distress tolerance and difficulty in regulating emotion among cardiovascular patients. It was a quasi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test and a control group. The statistical population included all cardiovascular patients in Mashhad in 2020. The sample consisted of 45 cardiovascular patients referred to Valiasr clinic who were selected by convenience sampling method and then were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 patients in each group) and a control group (15 patients). After the pre-test, the experimental groups underwent functional analysis psychotherapy and compassionate therapy interventions, and at the end, both groups took the post-test, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments included the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Emotion Regulation Difficulty Questionnaire (Roemer and Gratz, 2004). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the effectiveness of functional analysis psychotherapy and compassion therapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular diseases (P<0.05). Compassionate therapy was more effective than the functional analysis psychotherapy on the tolerance of distress and difficulty in regulating emotion in patients with cardiovascular disease. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that compassion therapy led to increased anxiety tolerance and reduced difficulty in regulating the emotion of cardiovascular patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Effect of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) on Emotional Regulation and Distress Tolerance of addicted women leaving: The mediating role of Mindfulness, Effective Communication and Emotional Cognitive Regulation Strategies
sohela esnaasharan Fariba Yazdkhasti Himidreza OrayziThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on emotional regulation and distress tolerance of addicted women leaving by the mediating role of mindfulness, effective communication and emotional cognitive regulation strate MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on emotional regulation and distress tolerance of addicted women leaving by the mediating role of mindfulness, effective communication and emotional cognitive regulation strategies. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all addicted women leaving in Isfahan city. The sample consisted of 60 women prisoners leaving drugs who were selected based on available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Measurement tools included the Negative Mood Regulation Questionnaire (Catanzaro & Mearns, 1990), the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons & Gaher, 2005) and the Researcher Made Behavioral-Emotional Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance and analysis of variance. Findings showed that dialectical behavior therapy has led to increased emotion regulation skills and tolerance of anxiety in the experimental group (P <0.001), and the effect of this treatment remains until the quarterly follow-up. Also, the mediating role of mindfulness, effective communication and emotional cognitive regulation strategies in post-test was statistically significant (P <0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The relationship of love and belief in vilayat-e-faqih with psychological well-being, psychological distress, anxiety and depression during the Corona pandemic among the general population of Iran
Seyedeh Asma HosseiniThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between love and belief in vilayat-e-faqih with psychological well-being, psychological distress, anxiety and depression during the Corona pandemic. The statistical population included all Iranian peo MoreThe main purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between love and belief in vilayat-e-faqih with psychological well-being, psychological distress, anxiety and depression during the Corona pandemic. The statistical population included all Iranian people in the age range of 18 to 65 years, and finally, 847 volunteers from the general population of the country who were randomly selected were included in the study and completed questionnaires of Love and Belief in the leader (Hosseini, 2022) the Mental Health Scale (Besharat, 2009), the Patient Health Questionnaire (Kroenke & et al., 2001) and the General Anxiety Questionnaire (Spitzer & et al., 2006). To analyze the data, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used with the help of SPSS version 26. The results of the research showed that love and belief in vilayat-e-faqih had a negative and significant relationship with anxiety, depression and psychological distress. Also, the relationship between love and belief in vilayat-e-faqih and psychological well-being was positive and significant. Considering the high and deep effects of vilayat-e-faqih on people's psychological life and beneficial effects which can increase psychological well-being, it is necessary to pay more attention to this variable in psychological researches and to use its effects and blessings as a component to improve mental health and prevent mental problems in educational programs and interventions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Investigating the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance: regarding the mediating role of emotion regulation in female students
shakila nayebzadeh manijeh Shehni Yailagh seyedmohammadjavad mousani niaThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance with the mediation of emotion regulation in female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The statistical population included all the fema MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of distress tolerance on mental health and academic performance with the mediation of emotion regulation in female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The statistical population included all the female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz who were studying in the academic year of 2019-2020 and 176 people were selected as a sample from them through a multi-stage random sampling method. In order to examine the research variables of each participant, completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simmons and Gaher, 2005), the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (Gross and John, 2003) and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Hiller 1979). The results showed that the model has a good fit with the data of the present study. The research method is descriptive-correlational type and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using SPSS and amous software. The results showed that distress tolerance both directly and indirectly through emotion regulation has a positive and significant relationship with mental health and academic performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Estimate of potential evapotranspiration in Freiman using the priestiley-taylor method and remote sensing technique
Mosayeb Moqbeli Dameneh Seyed Hossein SanaeinejadEvapotranspiration is one of the important components of water balance which is measured and estimated by several methods. Since these methods mainly involve point-by-point measuring and requiring a large amount of grounded data, so they have limitations. In this study, MoreEvapotranspiration is one of the important components of water balance which is measured and estimated by several methods. Since these methods mainly involve point-by-point measuring and requiring a large amount of grounded data, so they have limitations. In this study, potential evapotranspiration for 8 days in 2014, 2015 and 2016 was estimated using the Priestley-Taylor method and remote sensing technique in Fariman area in Khorasan Razavi province using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). To determine the accuracy of the estimates, the results of this study were compared with the FAO Penman-Monteith method (the reference method for estimating potential evapotranspiration). Comparison of the obtained results by the Priestley-Taylor method with the FAO Penman-Monteith method showed that the R2 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are 0.91 and 0.78 mm/d, respectively. This result indicates that the high accuracy of this method in estimating potential evapotranspiration in a semi-arid climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The study Of the effects Of Probiotic Yeast Cell Wall (Saccharomyces cerevisia) on Changes in blood indices and Immunity Of Rainbow Trout Fry (Oncorhynchusmykiss
محمد اعتصامی پور عباسعلی زمینی مسعود فرخ روزInroduction and Objective: Prebioticdietary supplements that have the potential to reduce the harmful effects of infectious agents and have beneficial effects on host health. In this study, the prebiotic of yeast cell wall Saccharomyces cerevisiaat different levels to e MoreInroduction and Objective: Prebioticdietary supplements that have the potential to reduce the harmful effects of infectious agents and have beneficial effects on host health. In this study, the prebiotic of yeast cell wall Saccharomyces cerevisiaat different levels to evaluate the blood indices and immune indices in rainbow trout juveniles were used.Materials and Methods:To conduct this study, 120 rainbow trout fry with a mean weight 3.61± 0.12 gr were randomly assigned into 12 fiberglass tub drainage volume of 100 ml distribution and breeding were given. An experiment to determine the optimum level of prebiotic effect of dietary yeast cell wall in the diet of rainbow trout fry in 1% prebiotic treatments, 1.5% prebiotic, 2% prebiotic prebiotic-free control, in a balanced design with three replications each were studied. At the end of the period rearing, blood indices and immune indices juveniles were studied.Results:The results of some blood indices such as levels of White blood cells, Red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels and neutrophil counts were not significantly different between the treatment and control groups were observed in 2% and other treatments (P0.05). The results showed that non-specific immune indices in blood, such as lysozyme and specific immune IgM and Ig statistically significant difference between treatment groups fed with 2 % prebiotic yeast cell wall with the other treatments and the control group (PConclusion: Based onthese results it can be stated that the level of 2% prebiotic yeast cell wallused in thediet caused a significant increase in immune indices , andsomeblood parametersof studied, An important rolein immune function and improve blood indices of rainbow trout fry can play Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Interactions between D1 Dopaminergic Systems Of Nucleus Accumbens Shell and Glutamatergic System Of Prelimbic on Anxiety- Like Behaviors Of Wistar Male Rats
Hatam Ahmadi Parvin Rostami Mohammad Reza Zarrindast Mohammad Nasehi Homa Mohseni KokhesfahaniInroduction and Objective:Nucleus accumbens(NAC), prefrontal cortex(PFC) dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are involved in regulating anxiety- like behaviors, while NAc dopaminergic system activity is mediated by glutamatergic projections, via PFC.This study has in MoreInroduction and Objective:Nucleus accumbens(NAC), prefrontal cortex(PFC) dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems are involved in regulating anxiety- like behaviors, while NAc dopaminergic system activity is mediated by glutamatergic projections, via PFC.This study has investigated the involvement of NAc shell D1 dopaminergic and prelimbic glutamatergic systems on anxiety- like behaviors.Material and Methods:Elevated plus-maze apparatus was employed to test parameters of anxiety-like behaviors After 5 days surgery of male Wistar rats in a stereotaxic frame ,Elevated plus-maze apparatus was employed for measuring parameters of anxiety-like behaviors due to intrabrain injection of drugsSKF38393(dopamine D1 receptor agonist)SCH23390(dopamine D1 receptor antagonistNMDA(receptor antagonist), D-AP7NMDA receptor antagonist on Wistar male rats.Results: Unilateral intra- prelimbic injection of NMDA (0.9 μg/μl), induced anxiolytic-like behaviors which has been blocked by D-AP7(NMDA receptor antagonist, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 μg/μl). Moreover, unilateral infusion of SKF38393 (dopamine D1 receptor agonist, 3 μg/μl) 0.25, 0.5 and 1μg/μl) into the left NAc shell induced anxiolytic-like behaviors which was blocked by SCH23390 (0.25μg/μl), while, SCH23390 (dopamine D1 receptor antagonistdid not so; Furthermore, intra-NAc shell administration of subthreshold dose of SKF38393 (1 μg/μl) potentiated the lower dose, whereas decreased the higher dose of intra-left prelimbic NMDA response. In addition, the subthreshold dose infusion of SCH23390 (0.25 μg/μl) into the left NAc shell, intra- prelimbic NMDA reduced induced anxiolytic-like behaviors. Conclusion: The results demonstrated a modulatory effect of NAC shell D1 dopaminergic system on anxiolytic-like response by injection in prelimbic NMDA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Comparison of the effect of Haloperidol on changes of the ovarian tissue ultrastructure and the level of the sex steroid hormones in Trichogaster trichopterus
اورعی اورعی طاهره ناجی Homayon Hosseinzadeh sahafiIntroduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperi MoreIntroduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperidol. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of haloperidol and Morus alba L. leaf extract on steroid hormones and ovarian tissue ultrastructure in adult Trichogaster trichopterus fish.Materials and methods: 120 pieces of Trichogaster trichopterus adult female fish were obtained from the ornamental fish breeding workshop in Qazvin, and after preparing the aquariums, they were divided into 8 intact control groups and solvent control groups, and three groups of doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 2. 0 mg/kg of haloperidol drug and three groups of doses of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg of Morus alba L. leaf ethanol extract. Injections were done 10 times and every other day in a period of 20 days in the amount of 0.02 ml in the muscle between the dorsal fin and the lateral line of the fish. At the end of euthanasia of the fish, gonadosomatic index, steroid hormones and the ultrastructure of ovarian tissue were investigated in the treatment and control groups.Results: Haloperidol drug in all doses caused a significant decrease in gonadosomatic index, 17-beta estradiol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone hormones (P<0.05) and had no significant effect on testosterone hormone (P>0.05). While white mulberry leaf extract increased gonadosomatic index and steroid hormones (P<0.05).Conclusion: By increasing the dose of haloperidol, the level of gonadosomatic index and beta-estradiol decreased, but these effects were not dose-dependent. Also, the administration of , Morus alba L leaf ethanolic extract showed a less harmful effect on the level of sex hormones and gonadosomatic index than haloperidol. Nevertheless, it seems that the dose of 50-200 mg/kg is not sufficient and appropriate dose to observe the sexual effects of mulberry leaf plant and it is better to prescribe higher doses so that the dose-dependent effects can be observed better by increasing the concentration of flavonoids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - بیان مفاهیم عرفانی در سینمای معناگرا
Narges Salehi Mohammadreza Hajiaghababaii -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigating and comparing the spiritual aesthetics of Golestan with Baharestan, Parishan and Kharabat
ayat shokatiSome literary texts are formed in relation to other texts, and in this sense, texts in their world have various intra-textual and intertextual relations. In the meantime, usually one of the texts is ahead of the others in terms of time. After Saadi, Golestan and his sty MoreSome literary texts are formed in relation to other texts, and in this sense, texts in their world have various intra-textual and intertextual relations. In the meantime, usually one of the texts is ahead of the others in terms of time. After Saadi, Golestan and his style of expression, themes, compositions and images were given general and special attention, and his simplicity, clarity of expression and kindness of speech caused him to become a role model among writers and various works based on It is created as Baharestan Jami in the ninth century, Parishan Qaani in the twelfth century and the poor ruins of Shirazi in the thirteenth century are examples of such examples. The present study, in a descriptive-analytical and statistical manner and based on library studies, seeks to study Golestan, Baharestan, Parishan and Kharabat from the rhetorical point of view and from the perspective of spiritual industries (simile, metaphor, metaphor and irony) and show that What is the basis of Golestan in terms of judging the use of the spiritual industries of the other three? Findings show that some features were applicable in all four works, including the predominance of sensory similes compared to the rational and less permissible existence, but some features are considered a special feature between Golestan and others, such as Baharestan in balanced image resolution and volume And disturbances in shared images. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Study on lethal effects of Diazinon and Imidaclopride on fourth instar larvae and adult Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Col., Coccinellidae) under laboratory condition
S. Aghabaglou Sh. Goldasteh Z. Rafiei KarahroudiCryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant is one of the important predators of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso). This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Diazinon and Imidaclopride in direct (sp MoreCryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant is one of the important predators of the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso). This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Diazinon and Imidaclopride in direct (spraying) and indirect methods (prey treated with insecticide) on larvae and adults of the ladybird.The experiment was conducted in 5 treatments and 4 replications under 25±1° C and 65±5% RH. Each replicate included 25 larvae and adults. Mortalities were recorded 72 h after treatment. The results indicated that Diazinon and Imidaclopride were moderate toxic (33-66%) to adult stage of C. montrouzieri (according to IOBC standard method) in direct spraying method The corrected mortalities of fourth instar larvae of C. montrouzieri by field recommended doses were lower than 30% (slightly harmful). The corrected mortalities of pesticides with different dosages on fourth instar larvae were lower than 10% (harmless pesticide). In other experiment, the realative toxicity of Diazinon on adult stage of C. montrouzieri in indirect method (prey treated with insecticide) was ranged between (66-100%) and Imidaclopride which was lower than 30% (slightly harmful). The corrected mortalities of pesticide induced by different dosages varied dosages on adult stage of C. montrouzieri was lower than 20% (harmless). Relative toxicity of tested pesticides on fourth instar larvae C.was lower than 20% (harmless). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Comparison toxicity of some botanical and chemical pesticides on greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) in laboratory and greenhouse and semi-field condition
A. Moazeni M. R. Bagheri B. Amiri-Besheli M. R. ShahsavariThe effect of three botanical insecticides (sirinol, palizin and tondexir) and one chemical insecticide (imidacloprid) on Trialeurodes vaporariorum has been investigated in laborarory and greenhouse conditions.The four insecticides were used with different doses of 0.5, MoreThe effect of three botanical insecticides (sirinol, palizin and tondexir) and one chemical insecticide (imidacloprid) on Trialeurodes vaporariorum has been investigated in laborarory and greenhouse conditions.The four insecticides were used with different doses of 0.5, 0.9, 1.8 and 3 ml/lit respectively. The leaf-dip assay for nymph and glass tube assay for adult were used. Also the effect of these insecticide on tomato plants in green house was studied. There were significant differences among used insecticides and interaction between doses and insecticides on all nymphal stages and adults of the greenhouse whitefly (GW). The mortality rate increases with increasing doses and decreases with increasing nymphal age. There were not significant differences among different doses of Imidicloprid and Tondexir (3 ml/l) on the first, second and third instar nymph of GW in leaf-dip assay. The imidicloprid (3 ml/l) had the highest mortality on fourth instar nymph of GW and was categorized in separate group. Also in pot experiment the highest mortality in all of nymphal instars was for Imidicloprid 3 ml/l, however the tondexir 3ml/l had similar affect on second instar nymph. The highest mortality in adults (with no significant differences) occurred using Imidicloprid was obtained with Imidicloprid (3 ml/l), Tondexir (3 ml/l), Palizin (3 ml/l), Imidicloprid (1.8 ml/l) and Sirinol (3 ml/l) with 98.03, 96.07, 96.07, 96.07 and 94.11 % mortality respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigation on the effect of some botanical and chemical insecticides on the predatory bug Macrolophus caliginosus (Heteroptera:Miridae) the predator of greenhouse whitefly
A. Moazeni M. R. Bagheri B. Amiri-Besheli M. R. ShahsavariOne of the common methods for controlling of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum in tomato greenhouses is use of chemical and botanical insecticides. To evaluate the effects of these insecticides on adult female of predatory bug Macrolophus caliginosus these r MoreOne of the common methods for controlling of greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum in tomato greenhouses is use of chemical and botanical insecticides. To evaluate the effects of these insecticides on adult female of predatory bug Macrolophus caliginosus these research was carried out using botanical insecticides (Sirinol, Palizin and Tondexir) and chemical insecticide (Imidacloprid) in 0, 0.5, 0.9, 1/8 and 3 ml/l in three methods; glassy tubes in laboratory, pot and greenhouse experiments on tomato plant. There were significant differences between treatments, doses and interaction of doses and treatments. The mortality was increased with increasing the doses. 48 hours after spraying, highest and the least mortality was caused by Imidichloprid (3 ml/l.) with 100% and Palizin (0.5 ml/l.) with 23.8 % mortality, respectively. In pot method, the highest mortality of predatory bug was caused by Imidichloprid (3, 1.8 ml/l.) with 97.23 and 94.34%, and the least mortality was caused by Palizin (0.5 and 0.9 ml/l.) with 20.17 and 21.14 %. Imidichloprid (3, 1.8 ml/l.) had the highest mortality with 94.46 and 92.66 % and Palizin (0.5 and 0.9 ml/l.) had the least mortality with 17.5 and 18 % on predatory bugs in greenhouse condition. In all three methods, there were significant difference between Imidichloprid (all doses) and the other botanical insecticides. These results show that the botanical insecticides could be used as natural products in IPM programs to protect the natural enemies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A comparison of the effects of sublethal Loses of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb on life table parameters of Myzus persicae (Hem.: Aphididae)
S. Tajedin M. Razmjo M. H. Besharat NejadMyzus persicae (Sulzer) is one of the most important pests of pepper in greenhouses. In this research, the toxicity of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb was studied on wingless adults of M. persicae. Also, effects of sublethal concentration(LC25) of the two insecticodes MoreMyzus persicae (Sulzer) is one of the most important pests of pepper in greenhouses. In this research, the toxicity of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb was studied on wingless adults of M. persicae. Also, effects of sublethal concentration(LC25) of the two insecticodes on life table parameters of M. persicae was tested under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°C, 65 ± 5% R.H. and a photoperiod of 14: 10 (L: D) h.). The LC50 values of Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb were 51.75 and 54.08 ppm, respectively. Survival rate (lx) of M. persicae decreased more quickly to zero in the Acetamiprid treatment compared to control and pirimicarb treatment. Acetamiprid and Pirimicarb significantly reduced adult longevity in comparison with the control. The mean adult longevity of M. persicae was 9.64, 2.30 and 3.07 days in the control, acetamiprid and pirimicarb treatments, respectively. The highest and lowest net reproductive rate (R0) and gross reproductive rate (GRR) of M. persicae was observed in the control and acetamiprid, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of the green peach aphid was 0.547 day-1 in the controland decreased in Acetamiprid (0.114 day-1) and Pirimicarb (0.136 day-1) treatments. The results of this study showed that imidacloprid and Pirimicarb can be effective against M. persicae. and these insecticides cawldbe suggested for controllig M. persicae in greenhouses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Effect of Thiacloprid and Eforia on the life table parameters and detoxification enzymes activity in wheat aphid, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)
pezhman Aeinechi B. NaseriThe greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of wheat plants can restrict the production of this crop by sucking on the sap and transmistting pathogenic viruses. Detoxifying enzymes play a very important role in det MoreThe greenbug, Schizaphis graminum Rondani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most important pests of wheat plants can restrict the production of this crop by sucking on the sap and transmistting pathogenic viruses. Detoxifying enzymes play a very important role in detoxifying chemical compounds in many living organisms. These enzymes exposed to chemical compounds are as biomarkers, and they have varying degrees of sensitivity to chemical compounds due to biochemical differences in pesticide detoxification. In the study, bioassays were examined by immersing wheat leaves in its insecticidal solution at a temperature of 27±2°C, a relative humidity of 65 ±10% and 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness photoperiod. The sublethal concentrations effect (LC10 and LC30) of thiachlopride and aforia has been evaluated on the life table parameters and the detoxifying enzymes activity of S. graminum. Esterase, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase activity were measured as detoxifying enzymes. According to the obtained results, the lethal mean concentrations were calculated 212.7 and 203.9 mg (ai) L-1 for aphids exposed to thiacloprid and eforia, respectively. Among the treatments, LC30 concentration was the highest toxicity compared with other treatments. The LC30 concentration effects of both insecticides were significantly increased the induction of beta-esterase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes of S. graminum. Also, the activity of alpha-esterase and acetylcholinesterase did not significant different with increasing sublethal concentrations than control. The results showed that the sublethal concentrations of the two incecticides, thiacloprid and eforia, had a negative effect on the life tables parameters of S. graminum and they can be identified by detoxifying enzymes as biochemical markers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Effect of insect growth regulators on digestive system of Colorado potato beetle larvae, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae)
H. FarazmandColorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae) is one of the most important pests of potato in potato-producing countries. Considering the evolution of insecticide resistance in this insect, the effects of three insect growth regulators (I MoreColorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae) is one of the most important pests of potato in potato-producing countries. Considering the evolution of insecticide resistance in this insect, the effects of three insect growth regulators (IGRs), including Diflobenzeron, Precocene I and Precocene II, on the alimentary canal of L. decemlineata larvae were examined. For this purpose, the effect of the mentioned IGRs on the larvae of L. decemlineata was tested using oral and topical methods. The results showed abnormalities in cuticular structure of foregut and hindgut of Diflobenzeron-treated larvae, such as formation of gaps between endocuticular layers. Most of the abnormalities happened in epithelium cells of midgut, which caused malfunction and degeneration of such cells. Precocene-treated larvae showed abnormalities in midgut, such as epithelial deformations, formation of gaps between epithelium and basement membrane, and degeneration of microvilli. In addition, Precocenes caused abnormalities in cuticular structure of foregut and hindgut. Finally, IGR-treated larvae appeared smaller and slower in growth compared to control larvae. This is most probably due to the abnormalities of epithelial cells of alimentary canal and the resulted disabilities in digestive and absorptive functions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Effect of juvenile hormone inhibitors on mature nymph of the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), in vitro
F. Kafi Farashah R. Vafaei-Shoushtari H. Farazmand Gh. Golmohammadi E. SanatgarThe Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the most important pest of wheat in Iran and some neighboring countries. The nymphs and adults cause sever quantitative and qualitative damage by feeding on leaves, stems and grains. Unfor MoreThe Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps Puton (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae), is one of the most important pest of wheat in Iran and some neighboring countries. The nymphs and adults cause sever quantitative and qualitative damage by feeding on leaves, stems and grains. Unfortunately, pesticide application is the main method of the sunn pest control, so finding the alternative methods are important. Precocene which is a juvenile hormone inhibitor, exerts cytotoxic effects on corpora allata of insects species, resulting necrosis of parenchymal cells, the source of juvenile hormone. At laboratory studies, precocene I and precocene II with different concentrations (0, 20, 25, 32, 40 and 50 μg) were applied topically to the thoracic surface of the fifth instar nymphs. The results showed that percent mortality increased with increasing concentrations of the hormones. The highest mortality (50%) was observed in concentration of 50 μg precocene II. Treated nymphs with precocene I and II led to appearing of deformed insects in fifth instar and adults. Also, the morphological abnormalities such as strong deformation of wings and hemelytron and persistence of old cuticles were observed. Increasing nymphal period was also resulted using precocenes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Effect of flupyradifurone, spirotetramat and thiacloprid insecticides on common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer (Hem.: Psyllidae)
M. Gheibi Y. TaheriCommon pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae, is the most important pest of pistachio orchards in Iran and reduce the quantity and quality of the product. In this study, the effects of Flupyradifurone 0.5, 0.75 and 1 ml L-1, Spirotetramat and Thiacloprid 0.5 ml L-1 and MoreCommon pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae, is the most important pest of pistachio orchards in Iran and reduce the quantity and quality of the product. In this study, the effects of Flupyradifurone 0.5, 0.75 and 1 ml L-1, Spirotetramat and Thiacloprid 0.5 ml L-1 and Flupyradifurone (0.5 ml L-1) with irrigation water were evaluated on nymphs and adult stages of A. pistaciae in Niriz region of Fars province. The number of nymphs and adult of A. pistaciae recorded in one day before until 3, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 40 days after chemical applications. The results showed that 3 days after treatment, different concentrations of Flupyradifurone and Thiacloprid have a good effect on the psyllid nymphs and the mean maximum of dead nymphs was in Thiacloprid. The mortality in Spirotetramat treatment on nymphs was increased in on the day 7 and the highest mortality occurred after 20 days. The mean number of the nymphs on treated trees with Flupyradifurone and Thiacloprid increased after 15 days of treatment. Efficacy of Spirotetramat increased after 7th day and the maximum efficacywas 99.44 percent on 20th day after treatment. The highest mean number of adult psyllid mortality was observed on day 3 after treatment in Flupyradifurone with concentration of 1 ml L-1. The efficacy of Spirotetramat on adults increased after 10 days post-treatment and the highest was occurred on 30 day of sampling (98.23). The results showed that Spirotetramat was effective in decreasing of the pistachio psylla population after 40 days of the insecticide application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Susceptibility of adult green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to some prevalent insecticides in laboratory conditions
A. Ayubi G. Moravvej J. Karimi A. JooyandehThe common green lacewing is an important natural enemy used for pest control in greenhouses. It is also very common in many agricultural systems. This insect is a powerful agent in biological control programs because of its wide geographical distribution, high compatib MoreThe common green lacewing is an important natural enemy used for pest control in greenhouses. It is also very common in many agricultural systems. This insect is a powerful agent in biological control programs because of its wide geographical distribution, high compatibility with different agricultural systems, high searching capability and ease of rearing. In the present study, the lethal effects of some prevalent insecticides were examined on Chrysoperla carnea adults using residual contact bioassays at 26 ± 2 ºC, 60 ± 10% R.H. and a photoperiod of 16: 8 h (L: D). The results indicated that the order toxicity of insecticides was: Lufenuron< Thiodicarb< Imidacloprid<Thiametoxam. The susceptibility of males was more than females. The estimated LC50 value for thiamethoxam was 8.83 and 73.05 µg ai. L-1, against males and females, respectively. Lufenuron did not show any lethal effects on adults even at doses higher than maximum field recommendation rate for pest control. The results suggested that lufenuron might bea suitable candidate for further research in IPM programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Investigating the Antimicrobial Activity of Peperin Isolated from Black Pepper on Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from the Throat and Nose
Saeide Saeidi Mehdi Jahantigh Razvane Behzad Mehr Zahra BeigomiDue to the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to common antibiotics, researchers are looking for antimicrobial agents of plant origin as alternative drugs. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of peperin isolated from black pepper MoreDue to the increasing resistance of pathogenic bacteria to common antibiotics, researchers are looking for antimicrobial agents of plant origin as alternative drugs. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of peperin isolated from black pepper on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the nose and throat. Sampling was done from the pharynx and nose of the patients and 9 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated and purified. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum lethal concentration (MBC) in six concentrations were evaluated by dilution method in liquid medium on the determined bacteria. The results of this study showed that the lowest inhibitory concentration was equal to 8 μg/ml, which inhibited one strain, while the highest concentration was 512 μg/mg, which inhibited one strain. Staphylococcus aureus isolated the most It was resistant to trimethoprim (88.8%), ampicillin (77.7%), tetracycline (77.7%), erythromycin (66.6%) and ceftazidime (22.2%). The results of this study showed that piperine present in black pepper has a very strong inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria isolated from the nose and throat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The effect of running on a Complex wheel running on beta-amyloid, blood neprilysin, hepatic expression of LRP1 and PPARγ in Alzheimer's model rats.
Nadia Tajevanchi rasoul asadi hashemkandi رقیه پوزش فرزاد زهساز Karim azaliBackground & Aim: Exercise and physical activity can play an effective role in delaying Alzheimer's. Multiple molecular mechanisms are activated by different physical activities that reduce dementia indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of run MoreBackground & Aim: Exercise and physical activity can play an effective role in delaying Alzheimer's. Multiple molecular mechanisms are activated by different physical activities that reduce dementia indices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of running on a Complex wheel running on beta-amyloid, blood neprilysin, and liver expression of LRP1 and PPARγ in Alzheimer's disease model rats. Materials & Methods: 24 rats were randomly selected and divided into three groups: healthy control, Alzheimer's control group, and Alzheimer's + complex spinning wheel training group. The training group performed 12 weeks of training and the control group was kept in a cage for 12 weeks and did not participate in any training. The rats were trained on a Complex wheel running for 12 weeks, and at the end of the 12th week, the rats were diagnosed with Alzheimer's and shuttle box tests were used to ensure the induction of Alzheimer's disease. In this research, in order to investigate liver changes, the mentioned variables were investigated by ELISA method. In order to analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance test was used. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between beta-amyloid and liver LRP1 expression of Alzheimer's control group rats and beta-amyloid and liver LRP1 expression of rats in the Complex wheel running training group. However, there is a significant difference between blood neprilysin of PPARγ rats in the control Alzheimer's group and neprilysin blood and PPARγ of rats in the complex wheel training group. Conclusion: Using physical activity can improve blood neprilysin and PPARγ in rats, but the improvement of beta-amyloid and liver LRP1 expression requires more research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The Effectiveness of Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Distress Tolerance and Quality of Life of Veterans' Wives (With Emphasis on Culture)
Hadi PordelThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based treatment on distress tolerance and life quality of veterans' spouses with emphasis on culture. The research statistical population subsumed all the wives MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based treatment on distress tolerance and life quality of veterans' spouses with emphasis on culture. The research statistical population subsumed all the wives of Qom veterans in 2022. The sample included 32 veterans’ wives which were selected through purposive sampling procedure and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups 16 subjects each. The research was semi-experimental with a control group and was designed as a pre-test, post-test and after a month duration follow-up phase. To collect data Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (2005) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - short form (2002) were implemented. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90-minute treatment based on acceptance and commitment, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Then the subjects were post tested. The follow up was exerted after a month. The data were analyzed by Multivariate Analysis of Covariance and Univariate Analysis of Covariance. The results showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment significantly affected distress tolerance and increased the quality of life of veterans' wives (P<0/01) and the results were persistent after the follow up duration. Also, cultural influences could be exposed in how to interpret and give meaning to experiences, problems solving, decisions making and in emotional reactions and their regulation in special conditions such as during war and after it for soldiers and their families. Culture is one of the most important determinants of individual and family behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance, rumination and experiential avoidance in adolescents with depression
maryam mosaporDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders that many psychotherapists have paid special attention to, and its treatment is one of the most challenging clinical issues. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness MoreDepression is one of the most common psychological disorders that many psychotherapists have paid special attention to, and its treatment is one of the most challenging clinical issues. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance, rumination and experiential avoidance in depressed adolescents. The research was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. All the female students of the first secondary school in the 18th district of Tehran formed the statistical population of this study. 30 people were selected through available sampling and were placed in the experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups, and the research tools included depression questionnaire-short form, distress tolerance questionnaire, rumination questionnaire and acceptance questionnaire and They completed the operation. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multivariate covariance analysis. The results showed that there was a significant change in distress tolerance between the experimental and control groups (F=44.56, P=0.004 and η=0.60). and rumination (F = 9.32, P = 0.013 and η = 0.57) from pre-test to post-test and as a result of the intervention with the method of acceptance and commitment, distress tolerance and rumination in the experimental group improved (P<0.05). Also, between the subjects of the two groups, there is a significant change in the experiential avoidance score from the pre-test to the post-test, and due to the intervention, the experiential avoidance of the girls in the experimental group has decreased (F=15.26, P=0.009 and η = 0.61). According to the results of the research, the treatment based on acceptance and commitment can be used as a key intervention in the field of prevention of emotional and cognitive damage in teenagers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Abnormal births in the magical legends of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
zeynab mosadeghAbstractBirth, as one of the most mysterious aspects of creation, is one of the hallmarks of human principles and beliefs. Through myths, human beings have passed on their beliefs about procreation, longing for life and its continuation through myths. In many folk tales MoreAbstractBirth, as one of the most mysterious aspects of creation, is one of the hallmarks of human principles and beliefs. Through myths, human beings have passed on their beliefs about procreation, longing for life and its continuation through myths. In many folk tales of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, the birth of the hero or its contexts is more prominent than his actions after birth. The hero, death and resurrection in various forms, the belief in immortality and life after death is believed by the people of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad. Are separable. In terms of superstructure, no birth is apparently similar to another birth, but basically, the foundation and depth of construction are all the same, and if there is a difference in superstructure or appearance, it is a myth. In addition, it is shown that the unusual birth of a hero in magical legends is more noticeable than this element in non-magical stories. This research was carried out by descriptive-analytical method by examining the element of normative birth and its types in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad oral-magical myths. In this study, it was shown that birth has types that are divided into sub-categories such as types of birth origin.Keywords: Afsaneh Parian, Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad, Birth of Farahnjar, Metamorphosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Redesigning and implementation of the FDM 3D-Printer for Increasing Print Accuracy by reducing vibrations
Omid Sarabi Farzad Cheraghpour SamavatiFused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing is one of the fast-growing types of Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology. 3D printing refers to fabricating a physical object from a 3D digital model by laying down successive thin layers of material. The mechanical properties an MoreFused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing is one of the fast-growing types of Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology. 3D printing refers to fabricating a physical object from a 3D digital model by laying down successive thin layers of material. The mechanical properties and quality of the printed objects are extensively dependent on various print parameters. This study aimed to find optimized tuning parameters of print such as nozzle diameter and speed and temperature of print to improve accuracy in the prototyped part. For this purpose, the type and material of the employed profiles were first improved during the structural design of the printer, such that the structural vibrations of the device were removed considerably. Secondly, the nozzle vibrations were reduced by the redesign of the printer’s extruder. The stop/start movement of the axes was optimized through the control of the driving stepper motors of the printer’s axes. The effect of these three optimization steps enhanced the accuracy of the printer to a considerable extent. In The experimental tests, various combinations of print parameters have been examined to find the best settings. Printing of the standard model evaluated the accuracy of the printer and confirmed the validity of the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality (review)
Ali PirhayatiThe problem of personal identity, i.e. the question of what a person's being a person is based on, is one of the problems with a long history in philosophy and theology. The most important topic in the debates about personal identity is the criteria based on which a per MoreThe problem of personal identity, i.e. the question of what a person's being a person is based on, is one of the problems with a long history in philosophy and theology. The most important topic in the debates about personal identity is the criteria based on which a person remains the same person over time and is different from others. Personal identity is related to issues such as soul-body relation, memory, the whatness of "I", evidence of identity recognition, and even human population. It goes without saying that the personal identity is one of the topics that can have a special relevance in the survival of the soul and immortality. In his book Dialogue on Personal Identity and Immortality (1978), John Perry tries to present various philosophical positions and views on personal identity and immortality in the form of a three-person conversation between three fictional characters. In this book, various issues such as survival after death, the role of memory in personal identity, and the relationship of the body with the soul have been discussed from different perspectives. In this article, we will first introduce John Perry and his works. Then we examine the content of the book and the weaknesses of the arguments. At the end, we will have a look at the general quality of the Persian translation of the book (translated by Kaveh Lajevardi, published by Markaz Publications) and suggest what we think are better translations for some of the sentences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Politics in Suhrawardi's thought Re-readingSuhrawardi's political thought with emphasis on A. Spragens query model
Mir Jamal Al- Din Taghavi Moghadam Mohammad Agah Mohammad Kazem Kaveh PishghadamWhat shows the originality of Suhrawardi's political philosophy is his attention and determination to find a way out of the political-social crises of his era. Although some consider Suhrawardi as an idealist thinker, what makes Suhrawardi's political thought accurate i MoreWhat shows the originality of Suhrawardi's political philosophy is his attention and determination to find a way out of the political-social crises of his era. Although some consider Suhrawardi as an idealist thinker, what makes Suhrawardi's political thought accurate is the reflection on the fact that he, by drawing an accurate picture of the chaos of his time and trying to rebuild the society, seeks a realistic reading of The current state of the society is contemporary. The present article aims to raise the question of how to describe the crisis of the political system of our contemporary society, and what solution does he propose to cure it and get out of it? He had perceived the reality of his society in such a way that deep religious divisions, prejudice and religious violence have become the basis for the division of members of the society. Suhrawardi is trying to provide a cure for such a crisis-stricken society. Based on A. Spragens search method, the hypothesis of the current research is based on the opinion that Suhrawardi, by observing the disorder of the society of his era and searching for the causes of this disorder, is of the opinion that the voids and crises created in the social foundations of his era are the basis for the emergence of And there has been an epistemic gap between wisdom and government. By explaining the current situation and delineating the desired situation, Suhrawardi seeks to restore the relationship between wisdom and government in the form of giving legitimacy to the wise ruler's government, as a solution to the crisis of the political system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Investigation of farmland Use Change in the Area of Parishan Wetland and its Relationship with Groundwater Levels and Rainfall
Bahman Khodabandehlo Mohammadali Abasi Azita ZandLand use is one of the most important factors that Man influences the environment through it. Changes in land cover and land use have direct effects on climate change, and there is a reciprocal and complex relationship between climate change and land cover change. There MoreLand use is one of the most important factors that Man influences the environment through it. Changes in land cover and land use have direct effects on climate change, and there is a reciprocal and complex relationship between climate change and land cover change. Therefore, it is important to monitor land use changes for management and Presentation of management plans. Today, remote sensing and geographic information systems are widely used, especially in dealing with multiple geographic data and interpreting the vast area of the earth's surface. In this way, remote sensing data can be used as a suitable substitute for unregistered and past data, such as land use data and its changes over time periods, and serve as basic information for other studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate land use changes in the Perishan wetland area from 1990 to 2015 using a remote sensing technique and investigate the relationship between these changes with groundwater levels and precipitation. The results of this study showed that the farmland area increased by 1,371 hectares from 1990 to 2015, while the groundwater level decreased by 14.72 m. Also, the results of this study showed that the changes in land area of agriculture are inversely related to groundwater level and increasing the area of agricultural land leads to more groundwater discharge and lower groundwater level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Tectonomagmatic char acteristic and geochronology of Gooshe granitoid mass (south west of Arak)
عباس AsgariGoosheh granitoid body is located to Sanandaj – Siran Zone (SSZ).The age of this granitoid mass isupper Eocene (priabonian).It consists of Syenogranite, Monzogranite and alkali granite.discriminant geochemical diagram show anorogenic characteristics of this intrus MoreGoosheh granitoid body is located to Sanandaj – Siran Zone (SSZ).The age of this granitoid mass isupper Eocene (priabonian).It consists of Syenogranite, Monzogranite and alkali granite.discriminant geochemical diagram show anorogenic characteristics of this intrusive mass. depletion incompatible element such as Cr, Ni and High Ga/AL , FeO/ MgO+Fe Ratio, and peraluminous indexare characteristic of a type granit (crustal granit) . This body have ( )I = 0.7055 ± 0.004discrimination diagram show WPG for this body (A type granite). Rb-Sr Geochronology methodobtaine age 41 ± 6ma (priabonian) for goosheh granitoid mass. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Effect destructive factors on Parishan Lake Ecosystem
Toba AmirAzodiKazerun covers one of the most precious and beautiful natural regions of Fars Province. Parishan Conservative,part ofwhich is on the east of Kazerun, is located in Kouhmareh, Nodan and Gerearea. Parishan Lake is alsocalled Famour. This comes from the name of the spring MoreKazerun covers one of the most precious and beautiful natural regions of Fars Province. Parishan Conservative,part ofwhich is on the east of Kazerun, is located in Kouhmareh, Nodan and Gerearea. Parishan Lake is alsocalled Famour. This comes from the name of the spring which is the Lakes main source of water. The sceneryduring spring and fall is very attractive, and the green and flower fields around the lake and presence of wildbirds make a very astonishing natural resort. This lake has been registered as an international pond in RamsarConvention (1971) and as a conservative region in the classification of regions. In this article, a brief study of theanimals and plants specifications of Parishan Lake before fire and also the effective factors on its destruction arepresented. At the end, there is report on the current conditions of the lake after the fire. The Methodologyincludes documentary as well as field study Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The Discrimination Role of Brain-Behavioral Systems and HEXACO Personality Characteristics and Social Isolation in Prediction Distress Tolerance of People with Substance Dependence
Nahid Karami Naser Amini Mohammad Behrozi Gholamreza JafariniaPurpose: Low levels of distress tolerance can lead to drug dependence and many factors are related to it, including behavioral, personality, and social characteristics. Therefore, purpose of this study was to discrimination role of brain-behavioral systems and HEXACO pe MorePurpose: Low levels of distress tolerance can lead to drug dependence and many factors are related to it, including behavioral, personality, and social characteristics. Therefore, purpose of this study was to discrimination role of brain-behavioral systems and HEXACO personality characteristics and social isolation in prediction distress tolerance of people with substance dependenceMethodology: The research design was a two-group diagnostic function. The statistical population consists of 1420 men with substance dependence referring to addiction treatment centers in Tehran city in year 2020. In this study, according to convenience sampling method, were selected 400 people. For the purposes of this study, 136 patients (71 patients with high stress bearing 65 with low distress tolerance) were selected as the sample size. Research questionnaires included distress tolerance scale of Simons & Gaher (2005), brain-behavioral systems scale of Carver and White (1994), HEXACO Personality Inventory of Ashton and Lee (2009) and social isolation scale of Russell (1996). Data were analyzed by SPSS-24 software, using discriminant analysis method.Findings: The results of analysis showed that brain-behavioral systems and HEXACO personality characteristics and social isolation people with substance dependence can help to prediction distress and function discriminant analysis assigned 89/1 percent of the people with substance dependence high and low distress tolerance.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, brain-behavioral systems and HEXACO personality characteristics and social isolation is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in distress tolerance and the results of this research can be used in the development of programs for the prevention of drug dependence and interventions for quitting addiction, in relevant organizations such as counseling and psychological services centers, addiction quitting centers, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The Effect of Solution-Focused Brief Psychotherapy on Distress Tolerance, Decision-Making Styles and Social Adjustment in M.S Patients of Sari City
Farhang Fereydoni Mehrdad SabetPurpose: Multiple sclerosis or MS causes a decrease in positive psychological characteristics, and one of the treatment methods to improve psychological characteristics is solution-focused brief psychotherapy. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of MorePurpose: Multiple sclerosis or MS causes a decrease in positive psychological characteristics, and one of the treatment methods to improve psychological characteristics is solution-focused brief psychotherapy. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of solution-focused brief psychotherapy on distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment in M.S patients of Sari city.Methodology: The present study was a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was M.S patients of member of the Multiple Sclerosis Association of Sari city in 2020 year. Number of 30 people of them were selected by stratified random sampling with using gender ratio and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received 5 sessions of 40 minutes the solution-focused brief psychotherapy and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected with using the distress tolerance scale (Simons and Gaher, 2005), decision-making styles questionnaire (Scott and Bruce, 1995) and social adjustment questionnaire (Weissman and Bothwell, 1976) and were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance methods in SPSS-19 software.Findings: The results showed that solution-focused brief psychotherapy led to promoted distress tolerance, increased rational decision-making style and decreased intuitive, spontaneous, avoidant and dependent decision-making styles and improved social adjustment in M.S patients (P˂0.01).Conclusion: The results indicated the effect of solution-focused brief psychotherapy on improving distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment in M.S patients. Therefore, the use of this treatment method seems necessary to improve psychological characteristics, especially distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Investigating the Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemes with Psychological Distress and Loneliness among Students at Islamic Azad University of Science and Research Branch
Sepideh Nematollah Mehrnaz Azadyekta -
Open Access Article
80 - The analysis of the power struggle in the Shahnameh and Iliad from Foucault's point of view (with reliance on the Lohrasp dynasty and Priam dynasty)
zahra ghorbanipour Dr.farhad tahmasbi Dr.sara Zirak From Foucault’s point of view, Power controls all mechanisms of social exchange. The types of power including Discursive, Bio and Disciplinary power (Genealogy) aims to monitor in detail the subject’s behavior. There are also different discourses in t More From Foucault’s point of view, Power controls all mechanisms of social exchange. The types of power including Discursive, Bio and Disciplinary power (Genealogy) aims to monitor in detail the subject’s behavior. There are also different discourses in the time and periods that create conflict atmosphere and semantic disputes (Archeology). This study aims to understand the origins and creation of discourse power created with existence of the infrastructure, signifiers, and discursive functions and particularly power’s discourse in the two texts (the Lohrasp dynasty and Priam dynasty) through comparative analysis. A descriptive, analytical and comparative research method was adopted in analyzing that from the story of Lohrasp the dominant discourses discovered are religious-political, political and idealized king identities. This was further reinforced in the dominant discourses emerged in the Iliad including gods’ class, religious – political and cultural - national (family) identities. In conclusion religious - political identities emerged through high frequency signifiers namely as destiny and sacred which have an unifying identity and influence on the discourses’ identity of others. Goshtasp and Paris are the most powerful and knowledgeable characters in these dynasties who are not normalized by power and direct others ideas towards their beliefs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The Prediction of psychological distress of patients with MS based on Life Style and responsibility in COVID-19
مارال حسین زاده اصغر جعفریAbstractThe present study aimed to predict psychological distress of patients with MS based on Life Style and responsibility in COVID-19. Method was descriptive- correlation. Population was 400 patients with MS in the hospitals of Nikan, Ebne Sina and Erfan in Tehran in MoreAbstractThe present study aimed to predict psychological distress of patients with MS based on Life Style and responsibility in COVID-19. Method was descriptive- correlation. Population was 400 patients with MS in the hospitals of Nikan, Ebne Sina and Erfan in Tehran in 2021. According to the table of Krejcie & Morgan (1970) and using simple random sampling 150 participants with inclusion criteria were selected and completed the questionnaires of Kesler & et al, s (2002) psychological distress, Lali & et al, s (2012) Life Style and Gaff, s (1975) responsibility. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and enter regression. The results indicated that healthy life style; physical health, exercise, weight control, disease prevention and social health and responsibility; punctuation, commitment, diligence, trust and discipline negatively predict psychological distress of patients with MS (p<0.01). The results show evidence that Life Style and responsibility through moderating life span in the cognitive, affective and behavioral aspects decrease psychological distress of patients with MS. Therefore, in order to prevent and decrease psychological distress of patients with MS, it is necessary to encourage them to apply healthy life style and responsibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The effects of piperine supplementation on colony population, body weight after emerging, viability and vitellogenin gene expression in honey bees under heat stress
Zahra Farhadi Ali Asghar Sadeghi Farahnaz Motamedi Sedeh Mohammad ChamaniAim: This study was done to evaluate the effects of piperine (phytogenic material in pepper) supplementation on antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, the viability and body weight of honey bees at the time of emerging.Materials and methods: 32 bee hives we MoreAim: This study was done to evaluate the effects of piperine (phytogenic material in pepper) supplementation on antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, the viability and body weight of honey bees at the time of emerging.Materials and methods: 32 bee hives were divided to 4 treatment groups and 8 replications in a completely random design. The environment temperature of region was 38 degrees Celsius for at least 4 hours per day. The control group received syrup without piperine, and the treatment groups received syrup containing 2000, 4000 and 6000 μg of piperine per liter, respectively. The level of malondialdehyde and antioxidant capacity of the body, weight and body composition of bees after emerging, colony population and relative expression of vitellogenin gene were determined.Results: Supplementation of 2000 and 4000 μg piperine per liter of syrup caused an increase in body weight, a decrease in the level of malondialdehyde and increase in antioxidant capacity. The addition of piperine in different doses caused a significant increase in vitellogenin gene expression compared to the control group. The spawning level and colony population that received 6000 μg/liter piperine was lower than the group that received 2000 and 4000 μg/liter P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results, supplementation of 2000 to 4000 μg/liter of piperine has a positive effect on increasing the antioxidant capacity, vitellogenin gene expression, body weight of new-emerged bees and colony population, and a higher dose causes a decrease in spawning rate and reduction of honey bee population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The effect of 10 weeks of CX training on insulin sensitivity and HbA1C in prediabetic women.
mohammad rashidi somayeh afzalifarIntroduction and purpose: In this study, the effect of 10 months of CXWorks (CX) training on some indicators of diabetes in obese prediabetic women was measured.Materials and methods: The statistical sample is 24 obese peri-diabetic women who were randomly divided into MoreIntroduction and purpose: In this study, the effect of 10 months of CXWorks (CX) training on some indicators of diabetes in obese prediabetic women was measured.Materials and methods: The statistical sample is 24 obese peri-diabetic women who were randomly divided into two CX and control groups. The CX group participated in a 10-week CX training program with 3 sessions per week, and the control group was prohibited from participating in any sports activities. Fasting levels of glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) and anthropometric indices were measured in both groups before and after the training period. Fasting blood samples were also taken before and 48 hours after the last training session with the aim of measuring dependent variables in both groups.Results: 10 weeks of CX training led to a significant decrease in glucose, insulin and glycosylated hemoglobin and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity in obese pre-diabetic women compared to the control group. CX training also did not result in a significant decrease in body fat percentage compared to the control group.Conclusion: The implementation of CX exercises as one of the new methods of resistance training is associated with the improvement of diabetes indicators in obese pre-diabetic women. Therefore, it is suggested to perform such exercises for a relatively long period with the aim of improving the glycemic profile Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - The effectiveness of education based on acceptance and commitment on distress tolerance and test anxiety in students
Seyyed Vahid Javadi Mohammad hasan ghanifar fatemeh shahabizadehThe aim of the present research was to determine the effectiveness of education based on acceptance and commitment on tolerance of distress and test anxiety among male second secondary school students in Birjand city. This research was a semi-experimental type that was MoreThe aim of the present research was to determine the effectiveness of education based on acceptance and commitment on tolerance of distress and test anxiety among male second secondary school students in Birjand city. This research was a semi-experimental type that was conducted as a pre-test-post-test with a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population included second year secondary school boys in Birjand city. Among the second secondary schools of Birjand city, one school was randomly selected and using G Power software, a sample size of 52 students was considered and the students were randomly divided into two groups (26 students in the education group) based on acceptance and commitment and 26 people were included in the control group. The data were analyzed with repeated measures analysis of variance. The findings of the present study showed that education based on acceptance and commitment increases the level of distress tolerance and decreases the students' test anxiety compared to the control group (p<0.001). The results of the Bonferroni test showed that the influence of education based on acceptance and commitment over time was significant for test anxiety and distress tolerance. Considering the impact of education based on acceptance and commitment on increasing distress tolerance and reducing test anxiety in students, counselors and therapists can use this approach to reduce test anxiety and also increase students' distress tolerance level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Distress Tolerance, High-Risk Behaviors, and Feeling of Loneliness in Students with Self- Injurious Behaviors
Alireza falah Shaban heydari Seyedeh Olia EmadianAbstractBackground and aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on the distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness in students with self- injurious behaviors.Material and methods: In this MoreAbstractBackground and aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on the distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness in students with self- injurious behaviors.Material and methods: In this semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test design, 30 female students with self- injurious behaviors in the high school of Amol city were included. Samples were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups (N=15). In the experimental group, mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment including 8 sessions was implemented, and in the control group, no intervention was performed. After the sessions, both groups completed the distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness questionnaires and were followed up a month later. Results: The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the score of distress tolerance, high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up in the experimental and control groups. Mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy has been 34% successful in differentiating distress tolerance in experimental and control groups. Additionally, the program was 39 and 41 percent successful in improving high-risk behaviors and feeling of loneliness among students with self- injurious behaviors, respectively.Conclusion: Holding mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy sessions is effective in improving distress tolerance, reducing high-risk behaviors, and feeling of loneliness in students with self- injurious behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Effectiveness of treatment based on realistic acceptance and commitment on exam anxiety and distress tolerance of students
مجید پورفرج عمرانThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment based on realistic acceptance and commitment on exam anxiety and distress tolerance of 10th grade students in Amol city. The current research design is semi-experimental with pre-test-post-te MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment based on realistic acceptance and commitment on exam anxiety and distress tolerance of 10th grade students in Amol city. The current research design is semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test along with the control group and is practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population included all male students studying in the 10th grade of Amol city in the academic year of 1402-1401. Using the targeted sampling method, according to the entry and exit criteria, 32 students who had higher exam anxiety and lower distress tolerance were selected and randomly placed in the experimental and control groups. The research tools included standard test anxiety questionnaire and distress tolerance questionnaire. The experimental group received 8 sessions of therapy based on realistic acceptance and commitment. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis. The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of exam anxiety and distress tolerance (p>0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that the treatment based on realistic acceptance and commitment has been effective in reducing exam anxiety and increasing distress tolerance of tenth grade students in Amol city, and this intervention can be used as a suitable method to improve exam anxiety and distress tolerance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - .Political thought of Imam Sajjad (a.s.)
rashid rekabiyanThe question of the article is that what was the main conflict of political order in society in the period of Imam Sajjad (a.s.)? What was his ideal prescription for solution of the conflict? Based on the Springer theoric framework, the as MoreThe question of the article is that what was the main conflict of political order in society in the period of Imam Sajjad (a.s.)? What was his ideal prescription for solution of the conflict? Based on the Springer theoric framework, the assumption of the reasearch is that conflict, Downhill ,autocracy, heresy,corruption have been the main causes of gap beween government and Velayat; rebuilding the government and nation relations with Velayat formed Imam Sajjad’s ideal order for the society; his main solution for the confilict has been rebuilding the wisely government of innocent imam.. The research tries to investigate the society in the period of Immam Sajjad (a.s.) based on political problem, causes ,ideals, and solutions. The article has used a historical-descriptive method for analysis of the research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Predicting internet based psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation and loneliness in adults.
Khadije Zare Somayyeh Rostampor Omid AmaniInternet addiction is a serious public health problem worldwide. Recent studies indicate the increasing trend of this addiction in adults; Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to predict Internet addiction based on psychological well-being, psychological MoreInternet addiction is a serious public health problem worldwide. Recent studies indicate the increasing trend of this addiction in adults; Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to predict Internet addiction based on psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation, and feelings of loneliness in adults. The current research method is a description of the correlation type and the sample of the study was 200 adult citizens of Tabriz city in 1400-1401 as available sampling. Internet addiction questionnaires by Young (1998), Riff's psychological well-being (2002), Kessler's psychological distress (2002), difficulty in emotion regulation by Ramer and Gratz (2004) and Russell's feeling of loneliness (1996) were used to collect data. It was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that among the four predictive variables (variables of psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation and loneliness of adults), three variables of psychological well-being, psychological distress and emotion regulation were able to predict Internet addiction (p<0.05). The direction of the relationship between psychological well-being and Internet addiction was negative, and the direction of the relationship between psychological distress and emotion regulation and Internet addiction was positive. Findings showed that loneliness could not predict Internet addiction. The findings of the present research show the importance of psychological variables such as psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation, in explaining addictive behaviors such as Internet addiction in adults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Effectiveness of PRIZ Creativity Training Program on Social Interactions and Social Adjustment of Students
Akram Jafarzadeh Ghadimi Parviz Abdoltajedini Seyed Davood Hosseini NasabThe present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the PRIZ creativity training program on social interactions and social adjustment of first-year high school students of Shabestar in the academic year of 2018-2019 with a Semi-experimental research method in MoreThe present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the PRIZ creativity training program on social interactions and social adjustment of first-year high school students of Shabestar in the academic year of 2018-2019 with a Semi-experimental research method in the pre-test and post-test design with the control group. The statistical population included all first-year high school female students of Shabestar (n=1524), among whom used convenience sampling to select 30 eighth-grade students based the inclusion criterion was obtaining the lowest score in questionnaires Selected and randomly assigned them to the experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Then, the PRIZ creativity training program was presented to the experimental group in 8 sessions. At the end of the training, the experimental and control groups completed the questionnaires again. The research instruments were the individual-social adjustment (California, 1953) and social interactions (Sadeghpour & Ramezannejad, 2016) questionnaires. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS version 24 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the experimental group's mean of social interactions and social adjustment increased significantly after training. There was a significant difference in the post-test scores of social interactions and social adjustment in the experimental group compared to the control group. Therefore, the PRIZ creativity training program promotes female students' social interactions and social adjustment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Predicting emotional divorce based on lovemaking styles, emotional intelligence and psychological distress in couples
Samane Ghadampour Omid Amani Mandana Shadi Amane Ragheb ZadeThe aim of this study was conducted to predict emotional divorce based on the styles of lovemaking, emotional intelligence and psychological distress in couples. The outline of the present study is descriptive correlational description. The statistical population of the MoreThe aim of this study was conducted to predict emotional divorce based on the styles of lovemaking, emotional intelligence and psychological distress in couples. The outline of the present study is descriptive correlational description. The statistical population of the study included all couples living in Shiraz in 1401 that 201 people were selected by sampling method. Data were collected online using Guttman's Emotional Divorce Research Questionnaire, Sternberg Love Psychology, Siberia Schering Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire, and Kessler Distress Questionnaire, Were analyzed by Pearson correlation method and multiple linear regression analysis by SPSS27 software. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between all predictor variables and the criterion of emotional divorce.The relationship between psychological distress and emotional divorce was positive and the relationship between love styles and emotional intelligence and its components was negative. The results of regression test showed that lovemaking, emotional intelligence and distress psychological styles explain 64% of the variance of emotional divorce, and emotional intelligence components were able to explain 48% of the variance of emotional divorce. Based on this, it can be said that the style of lovemaking, emotional intelligence and psychological distress are important components in creating a quality relationship between couples that can be effective in reducing the couple's emotional divorce and therefore, necessary trainings and actions in this field can be effective.The relationship between psychological distress and emotional divorce was positive and the relationship between love styles and emotional intelligence and its components was negative.The results of regression test showed that lovemaking, emotional intelligence and distress psychological styles explain 64% of the variance of emotional divorce, And emotional intelligence components were able to explain 48% of the variance of emotional divorce.Based on this, it can be said that the style of lovemaking, emotional intelligence and psychological distress are important components in creating a quality relationship between couples that can be effective in reducing the couple's emotional divorce and the necessary training and measures should be taken in this regard. They can be effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on the of pain catastrophizing ,psychological distress and mental rumination in women with cancer in Tabriz
Maryam Azimi nastaran mansouriyehObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determiningthe effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on pain catastrophizing, psychological distress and mental rumination in women with cancer in TabrizMethodology: The method of the current rese MoreObjective: The present study was conducted with the aim of determiningthe effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on pain catastrophizing, psychological distress and mental rumination in women with cancer in TabrizMethodology: The method of the current research was semi-experimental using a pre-test-post-test design with a control group.The statistical population of the research included all female cancer patients referred to cliniks in Tabriz in the first half of 2023. They had medical records. The studied sample included 30 women with cancer, who were selected as accessible sampling , who were studied in two groups of 15 people.The data collection tools included Sullivans standard pain catastrophizing guestionnaire,Kesslers psychological distress guestionnaire, and Hoxima-Marus mental rumination guestionnaire along with the training program MBCT.After the pre-test ,the object learning protocol was held for the experimental group during 8 2-hour sessions , and the control group did not receive any intervention.After the training program , the questionnaires were again administered to both groups and the results were evaluated . Covariance analysis was also used to examine the hypotheses.Findings: Mindfulness-bassed therapy has an effect on pain catastrophizing in women with cancer. Also, mindfulness-bassed cognitive therapy has an effect on the psychological distress of women with cancer. Finally, mindfulness-bassed cognitive therapy effects mental rumination. It affects women with cancer.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, it can be said that Mindfulness-bassed therapy is effective in catastrophizing pain, psychological distress, and mental rumination in women with cancer. Therfore , the use of this complementary treatment method alongside the menthod Medicines and drugs are recommended for the treatment of cancer patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - The Effectiveness of Emotion Efficacy Therapy on Symptom of anxiety, Distress Tolerance and Difficulty in Emotion Regulation in Women with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
afsaneh amiri ilnaz sajjadianGeneralized anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders, the main characteristic of which is excessive anxiety and worry that is not proportional to the event or situation that is the focus of worry. The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectivene MoreGeneralized anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders, the main characteristic of which is excessive anxiety and worry that is not proportional to the event or situation that is the focus of worry. The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of emotion efficacy therapy on symptom of anxiety, distress tolerance and difficulty in emotion regulation. Research method was semi-experimental with a control group and one month follow-up. For this purpose, among the women who referred to cultural centers in Isfahan city in 2019, 30 people who had a score higher than the cut-off point in the general anxiety questionnaire of Spitzer et al. (2006) and who met the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The research instruments included the hospital anxiety and depression scale (Zigmond and Snaith, 1983), generalized anxiety disorder (Spitzer et al, 2006), distress tolerance scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005), difficulties in emotion regulation scale(Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Subjects of the experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes, emotion efficiency therapy (McKay and West, 2016). The results of variance analysis of repeated measures indicated the significant decrease in symptoms of anxiety, distress tolerance and difficulty in emotion regulation in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.05). According to the findings emotional efficacy therapy can be used as a beneficial intervention method to reduce anxiety symptoms, distress tolerance and difficulty in emotion regulation in women with generalized anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - بررسی انواع خشونتهای اعمال شده علیه زنان در رمان پریچهر
سوده مقصودی فاطمه حجازیمقدم سعیده درویشی -
Open Access Article
94 - The effectiveness of outlet creativity training method on exam anxiety and academic performance of female students in Maragheh
Parviz Tajedini Rana Sakenazary Aida Azin famThe purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effectiveness of PRIZ creativity training method over exam anxiety and educational performance among female students of first-grade of high school in 1396-97 school-year in Maragheh county. The methodology of MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effectiveness of PRIZ creativity training method over exam anxiety and educational performance among female students of first-grade of high school in 1396-97 school-year in Maragheh county. The methodology of this study has been based upon the quasi-experimental of pretest – posttest design and one control group. The statistical sample of this designation is including all the female students of first-grade of high school in the Maragheh county, which the samples were selected through sampling method and 30 of those students who have gained the highest score in anxiety were selected in that school, and they were assigned into two separate groups of 15-membered experimental groups and control groups. The tools used for collecting data are Fridman anxiety testing questionnaire, and assessing the educational performance of Pham and Taylor, and for the intervention, it has used by PRIZ creativity syllabus program, which has been provided over 8 sessions in half an hour during a four-week program of experimental group. In order to analyze the statistical data of the plot, it has been used by the SPSS software V20. The methodology which is used for the statistics in testing hypothesis was Two-Way Covariance Analysis (Two Way Ancoe). The results attained by the data analysis of these hypothesis showed that the average anxiety of students’ testing and the components of social humiliation, the cognitive errors, and the tension among the control group after the interference has been augmented significantly according to the averages of pretest and the control group. In the stage of posttest, the average of students’ educational performance, and the components of self-efficacy, the impacts of excitement, and making a program in experimental group has been augmented significantly by comparing to the averages of pretest and control group. The result attained from testing the hypothesis showed that the PRIZ creativity training method has a very significant impact in reducing of testing anxiety among female students, and also it is so beneficial in enhancing of academic and educational performances of these female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Ecophysiological Investigation of Intercropping of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under the Influence of Biofertilizers
auob amiri Mahmood Ramrodi Mohammad Galavi Masoud RafieeTo study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lore MoreTo study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lorestan province. The main factor consisted of plant cropping ratios: single cropping of maize (M1), 75% maize + 25% vigna (M2), 50% maize + 50% vigna (M3), 25% maize + 75% vigna (M4), and single cropping of vigna (M5) and the second factor of different combination of biofertilizer consumptions: seed inoculation with 100 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B1), seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B2) and without seed inoculation (B3). Results showed that the maize and cowpea yields and their components were influenced by crops and biofertilizer ratios significantly. Highest maize and vigna yields (11350 and 3250 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by 75% maize + 25% vigna treatment. The highest yields of maize and vigna (11850 kg and 3450 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) with an average of 1.55 was observed with cropping ratio of 75% maize + 25% vigna. This indicates the usefulness of intercropping compared with single croppings of these two plants. It can be concluded that the best treatment in this study was 75% maize+ 25% vigna intercropping and seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Sociological study of Qajar literature with emphasis on Qaanis parishan
Mina teymouri khosroshahp Jalil Amirpour daryani Naser naseriLiterary works, reflect the thoughts, way of life and circumstances of any nation and show social realities artistically. The Qajar period, due to its social and political ups and downs, has always been the focus of attention of many scholars. Due to the constitutional MoreLiterary works, reflect the thoughts, way of life and circumstances of any nation and show social realities artistically. The Qajar period, due to its social and political ups and downs, has always been the focus of attention of many scholars. Due to the constitutional revolution, this era is divided into two periods, the present study covers the interval between the years (1223-1270). Although social issues are not reflected in this period as much as in the following; Therefore, the purpose of this study is to study the sociology of Qajar literature with emphasis on Qaani disturbances. The present study uses descriptive-analytical method and library and documentary study to examine the sociological themes of Qaani. The results of documentary studies show that issues such as poverty, bribery, theft, begging, intoxication and flattery, flattery and pretending to be disturbed by Qaani have been considered; However, due to the eulogy of this court poet, it is not possible to criticize the unhealthy situation of the society in a tangible way, and in the form of an anecdote, there are references to social problems and dilemmas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - a
علی قاسمیان -
Open Access Article
98 - ارتباط هوش هیجانی و خواندن نقادانه فراگیران زبان خارجی
مهناز سعیدی ماندانا یوسفی در این مقاله توانایی خواندن نقادانه و بهره ی هوش هیجانی فراگیران زبان خارجی (انگلیسی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است تا هر گونه رابطه ی احتمالی بین آنها مشخص گردد. نتایج نشان می دهند که رابطه ی معنی داری بین توانایی خواندن نقادانه و بهره هوش هیجانی فراگیران وجود دارد More در این مقاله توانایی خواندن نقادانه و بهره ی هوش هیجانی فراگیران زبان خارجی (انگلیسی) مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است تا هر گونه رابطه ی احتمالی بین آنها مشخص گردد. نتایج نشان می دهند که رابطه ی معنی داری بین توانایی خواندن نقادانه و بهره هوش هیجانی فراگیران وجود دارد ولی هیچ تفاوت معنی داری بین توانایی خواندن نقادانه و بهره هوش هیجانی فراگیران مونث و مذکروجود ندارد. هم چنین نتایج حاکی از آنند که فقط مقیاس های درون فردی و کنترل پریشانی هوش هیجانی می توانند به عنوان عوامل پیش بینی کننده ی نمرات خواندن نقادانه در نظر گرفته شوند. یافته های این تحقیق پیشنهاد می کنند که اگر آموزش در نظر دارد مهارت فراگیران را در تفکر نقادانه و تحلیل مسئله که از جمله مهارت های اساسی در موقعیت های آموزشی و زندگی افراد می باشد ،وسعت بخشد ،ضروری است که در جهت کنترل رفتار و احساسات فراگیران برنامه ریزی و اقدام شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Effect of safmannan prebiotic on growth performance, carcass composition and survival in koi fish
Hossein VarshoieAbstract[1] This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different levels of prebiotic safmannan in the diet on the growth performance of Koi carp. In this research, 120 pieces of baby fish with an average initial weight of 200 grams were divided i MoreAbstract[1] This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different levels of prebiotic safmannan in the diet on the growth performance of Koi carp. In this research, 120 pieces of baby fish with an average initial weight of 200 grams were divided into 4 groups for 8 weeks and each group had 3 repetitions. (0.01% of prebiotic safmannan per kg of food), treatment 3 (0.15% of prebiotic safmannan per kg of food). Breeding conditions were monitored daily in all 12 pools. The results of this study showed that adding different levels of prebiotic saf mannan to koi fish diet has a significant effect on growth factors (p<0.05). At the end of the experiment, the fish fed in treatment 2 had higher weight, more weight gain and lower food conversion ratio than the control treatment and other treatments (p < 0.05). Also, the use of prebiotic Safmannan in 3 treatments led to increased survival in They were not compared to the control group. In the composition of the carcass, prebiotic safmannan did not cause any change in the amount of protein and fat of the carcasses and only caused an increase in carcass ash and a decrease in the moisture content of koi fish carcasses. * Corresponding Authors;hossein.varshoie@gmail.com Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - The effect of Sanyar prebiotic on reducing the pollution of nitrogen compounds in water and improving the physiological performance of Common carp in Biofloc system
hosein adinehIn this research, the effects of using powder and liquid of Sanyar prebiotic on the water nitrogen compounds and the physiological performance of Common carp in biofloc system were investigated. Common carp (10.09 ± 0.45 g) were stocked into 18 tanks (35 L) in si MoreIn this research, the effects of using powder and liquid of Sanyar prebiotic on the water nitrogen compounds and the physiological performance of Common carp in biofloc system were investigated. Common carp (10.09 ± 0.45 g) were stocked into 18 tanks (35 L) in six treatments for 60 days, including: Control treatment without additive with clean water (C), Control treatments without additive with Floc (FC), Floc treatments with 0.1 and 0.2 g (FP1 and FP2) powder prebiotic and Floc treatments with 1 and 2 ml (FL1 and FL2) liquid prebiotic per 100 g of basic diet. Water parameters are maintained at the standard level for this species. Total ammonia concentration (TAN) was statistically significant between experimental treatments. The growth of fish was obtained significantly higher and the feed conversion ratio was lower in FP1. The highest intestinal protease activity (8.42± 0.05) was obtained in FP1 treatment. The immunoglobulin and lysozyme serum in FP2 and FL1 were significantly higher than in the other treatments. The results of this study show that the use of 0.1 g of Sanyar prebiotic powder per 100 g of basic diet in the biofloc system could improve growth performance, and the immune status of C. carpio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Mannan-Oligosaccharides based nutritional supplements on Levels of Glucose and Cortisol in Environmental stress and furunculosis in rainbow trout
Amin KhodadadiAbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of complementary rainbow trout diets with different concentrations of prebiotic, which contains active compounds of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on environmental stress and resista MoreAbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of complementary rainbow trout diets with different concentrations of prebiotic, which contains active compounds of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS) on environmental stress and resistance to furunculosis. Three levels of prebiotic (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 %) were mixed into pellets. Fish (19.08±1.45 gr) were fed a supplemented commercial diet for 60 days. On day 60 of study, environmental stress such as hypoxia, hyperthermia and induction of experimental diseases with furunculosis (Aeromonas salmonicida) were also performed for all the experimental groups. The blood glucose levels were determined using an enzymatic-based auto analyzer and used to measure cortisol using cortisol ELISA kit and ELISA method. The results of this study showed that different consntersin Celmanax have significantly effect on stress and cortisol and glucose levels (P<0.05). The results showed that rainbow trout resistance was increased with different concentrations level of Celmanax® and few fish were suffering to furunculosis (P<0.05). Based on these findings, it could be concluded that in order to decrease and enhance the streets and improve rainbow trout resistance, it is appropriate to add different concentrations level of Celmanax® prebiotic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - An overview of food synthetic dietary supplements
M. LarypoorDue to the widespread production and supply of synbiotic or functional foods, it is necessary to study and study the various sources of supplement extraction to produce these products. Various studies have shown the positive effect of these supplements on human health a MoreDue to the widespread production and supply of synbiotic or functional foods, it is necessary to study and study the various sources of supplement extraction to produce these products. Various studies have shown the positive effect of these supplements on human health and the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases such as diabetes, cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, liver problems, etc. Research into the production and supply of commercial supplements such as inulin has been underway for many years and now has a significant share of the synbiotic food market. But new supplements such as the use of bacterial polysaccharides, yeasts, edible fungi, and algae are a new area of research in synbiotic supplements due to their economic benefits and numerous proven benefits to human health. Changes in the gut microbiome affect the number and function of the microbiome in other parts of the body, leading to disease or health promotion. In the present article, in addition to an overview of probiotics and prebiotics and synbiotics, a comprehensive overview of various prebiotic supplements with different biological origins has been provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus in low fat stirred yoghurt containing barley Beta-Glucan
M. Badri A. AlizadehEffectiveness of probiotic food depends on the survival of probiotic in foods. Therefore, it is important to monitor the survival of probiotic organisms during the production and storage of foods. In this research, barley beta-glucan as a fat replacer was added to the l MoreEffectiveness of probiotic food depends on the survival of probiotic in foods. Therefore, it is important to monitor the survival of probiotic organisms during the production and storage of foods. In this research, barley beta-glucan as a fat replacer was added to the low fat probiotic yoghurt and survival of Lactobacillus acidophilus was investigated. Beta-glucan was added to the yoghurt at four levels of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%. Survival of L. acidophilus was evaluated at 0, 1, 7 and 14 days of storage. Also, its physicochemical and sensory properties were determined at 7 day of storage. L. acidophilus count increased significantly up to the level of 0.75% beta-glucan (p<0.05) due to the prebiotic effect of this compound. Survival of L. acidophilus in yoghurt containing 1% beta-glucan was less than the other samples. Physicochemical results showed that the treatment had significant effects (p<0.05) on the acidity and syneresis up to level of 0.75%. Results showed that the treatment had significant (p<0.05) effect on pH which decreased by beta-glucan addition. The results also showed that addition of beta-glucan up to 0.5% decreased WHC and increased viscosity significantly (p<0.05). Results of this research showed that beta-glucan could be used successfully as a functional fat replacer in low fat synbiotic yogurts at level 0.5%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Survey on visceral parasites of Fahlian River’ fish, Nurabad Mamasani
A.R. Golchin Manshadi saeed Malahi Mohamad TarahomiParasitic infections cause huge losses to the aquaculture industry by reducing production. Identification of parasites is necessary to prevent infections and parasitic diseases of fish.Theparasitic fauna of fishes in Fahlian River has not been determined yet. This study MoreParasitic infections cause huge losses to the aquaculture industry by reducing production. Identification of parasites is necessary to prevent infections and parasitic diseases of fish.Theparasitic fauna of fishes in Fahlian River has not been determined yet. This study was carried out to identify parasites in selected cyprinid fish in Fahlian River of Mamasani, Fars Province. For this purpose, 85 cyprinid fish of 3 species including Alburnus mossulensis, Cyprinion macrostomum and Capoeta barroisi persica were caught from 3 stations of Fahlian River in 2014 and examined in terms of visceral parasites. A total of 4 parasitic species were isolated and identified, including 1 digenean trematode (Allocreadium sp.), 1 cestode (Bothriocephalus sp.) and 2 nematodes (Rhabochona sp. and Cuculanus sp.). The highest and lowest percentage of parasitic infestation was related to Allocreadium sp. and Bothriocephalussp. respectively. Also Capoeta barroisi persica and Cyprinion macrostomum demonstrated the highest and the lowest percentage of parasitic infection respectively. There was no significant relationship between infection of fish species and the infected organs. Based on the results of this study, all the studied fish (except Rhabochona sp. which was previously isolated from Cyprinion macrostomum) were introduced as new hosts of Allocreadium sp., Bothriocephalus sp., Rhabochona sp. and Cuculanus sp. in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - َA survey on some physical, cellular and biochemical parameters values of pericardial fluid in River Buffalo of Khuzestan (Bubalus bubalis)
Ali reza Ghadrdan Mashhadi Mahsa Lari baghal Gholam Hosein Khadjeh Mahdi Pourmahdi BoroujeniThe evaluation of the cardiovascular system is one of the important steps in animals' examination and a way to determine the health of this system. In the meantime, examination of pericardial fluid can greatly help to assess heart health. In this study, sampling was don MoreThe evaluation of the cardiovascular system is one of the important steps in animals' examination and a way to determine the health of this system. In the meantime, examination of pericardial fluid can greatly help to assess heart health. In this study, sampling was done from 60 apparently healthy buffaloes slaughtered in Ahvaz abattoir. The pericardial fluid samples were examined for color, translucence, presence or absence of clots, as well as volume, specific gravity, cell count, and concentration of fibrinogen, protein, and glucose. In all cases, the pericardial fluid was straw- colored, crystal clear, and coagulated rapidly if collected in tubes without anticoagulant. Mean ± SE of volume, specific gravity and number of red and white blood cells of pericardium and also the concentration of fibrinogen, total protein and glucose were 37.4 ± 17.8 cc, 1021 ± 0.0004, 9000 ± 3000 cells/µL, 3300 ± 160 cells/µL, 146.9 ± 4.2 µg/dL, 2.05 ± 0.07 g/dL and 100.9 ± 3.5 µg/dL. Respectively. Also, the percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils of pericardial fluid were 52.2 ± 1.6%, 46.1 ± 1.7%, 1.3 ± 0.2% and 0.8 ± 0.2%, respectively. Based on the results, it seems that the pericardial fluid of Khuzestan river buffalo has characteristics similar to the peritoneal fluid of cattle. Also the similarity of some of these characteristics to the modified transudate is significant which should be taken into consideration in pericardiocentesis fluid analysis of buffaloes suspected to cardiac illness, especially pericardial diseases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Study of changes of some hematological factors of Barbus luteus and its comparison with fishes infected by larval stage of Contracaecum sp.
alireza golchinmonshadi hossein khajAbstract In order to study the haematological factors of Barbus luteus of Parishan lake and its comparison with fishes infected by larval stage of Contracaecum sp. Sixty fish consisting of 30 healthy and 30 infected by the parasite were caught from the Par MoreAbstract In order to study the haematological factors of Barbus luteus of Parishan lake and its comparison with fishes infected by larval stage of Contracaecum sp. Sixty fish consisting of 30 healthy and 30 infected by the parasite were caught from the Parishan lake and studied. After blood sampling, autopsy of fishes were performed based on seeking parasitical infection of abdominal cavity to larval stage of Contracaecum sp. Then haematological tests were performed including differential counting of white blood cells, measuring Haematocrit (PCV) and total counting of red blood cells and white blood cells. The result in both groups showed that lymphocytes with 80.56 % had the highest frequency among white blood cells, whereas the frequency of thrombocytes, neutrophils and monocytes were 9.56%, 7.48% and 2.45% respectively, while no basophil and eosinophil were found among the samples. Comparison of white blood cells and thrombocytes among uninfected and infected fishes to the parasites showed that amount of lymphocytes decreased by increasing infection while occurrence of monocytes increased in severe infection in comparison with uninfected stage. Occurrence of neutrophils and thrombocytes increased too. Average amount of haematocrit in uninfected, mild infection and in severe infection fishes were different and decreased. Average counting of red blood cells like haematocrit decreased in uninfected, mild infection and in severe infection, while average counting of white blood cells increased in uninfected, mild infection and in severe infection. Statistically, the changes of lymphocytes, neutrophils, thrombocytes, haematocrit and average counting of white blood cells were significant (p=0.001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Histopathological evaluation of the effect of Sulfamide+Trimethoprim administration on renal tissue in broiler chickens
یوسف Doustar عادل Feizi داریوش Mohajeri M.H Khayat-Nouri M.H Mohammad pour, M.HAdministration of sulfonamides adversely affects renal tissue in human beings and animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in renal tissue of broiler chickens following administration of Sulfamide+Trimethoprim. In this study, 2 MoreAdministration of sulfonamides adversely affects renal tissue in human beings and animals. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological changes in renal tissue of broiler chickens following administration of Sulfamide+Trimethoprim. In this study, 240 healthy 3 weeks old broiler chickens were randomly assigned to two equal groups. In the treatment groups, sulfonamide +Trimethoprim were administered at a dose of 20ml in 800lit of drinking water for 3 days while no drag was administered in the control group. After 72 hours, tissue samples were collected from the kidneys of the broiler chickens and 5µm thick sections were prepared from specimens fixed in 10% buffered formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and the TUNEL technique. Histopathological examination of the renal tissue in the treatment group indicated the presence of necrosis and apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells, congestion, hemorrhage and glomerolopathy. The difference between the treatment and control groups in the severity of renal pathological changes was significant (p<0.001). The result of this study indicates that the drag Sulfamide+Trimethoprim is capable of causing renal tissue damages through induction of apoptosis and necrosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Study on the effect of dextrose, valine, glycine, thiamine and different temperatures on growth rate of Bifidobacterium bifidum in milk
حمید Mirzaii افشین Javadi یونس Barzegar The first step in utilizing appropriate microorganisms to produce probiotic milk products is to recognize their growth conditions in milk and the factors influencing them. In this research, the effect of dextrose, valine, glycine, thiamine and differ More The first step in utilizing appropriate microorganisms to produce probiotic milk products is to recognize their growth conditions in milk and the factors influencing them. In this research, the effect of dextrose, valine, glycine, thiamine and different temperatures on growth rate of Bifidobacterium bifidum in milk has been studied and for this purpose, fermented milk by B. bifidum has been used as stock culture in order to inoculate the milk samples. First 28, 35, 42, 49 and then 35, 38, 41 and 44°C incubators were used to choose the suitable incubation temperature for growth of the microorganisms and the acidity of milk samples were measured as a growth index of the microorganisms prior to and during incubation. Concentrations of 0 (control), 5, 10 and 15 ppm of thiamine; 0(control), 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1% of dextrose; 0(control), 30, 60, 90 and 120 ppm of glycine and valine were used to evaluate their effects on the growth rate of B. bifidum and acidity of milk samples were measured before incubation and after 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours of incubation at 42°C. The rate of increase of acidity at 44°C and 41°C was significantly higher than the other temperatures (p<0.05). The addition of different concentrations of dextrose, valine and glycine had no significant effect on the rate of increase of acidity of the milk samples. The addition of thiamine also had no significant effect on the acidity although it reinforced the ability of B. bifidum in the production of proteolytic enzymes and gas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The effects of different levels of prebiotic (A-MAX) on digestibility, and blood biochemical parameters in West Azarbaijan kids
monireh darrezereshkipour khosro parsaeimehr saeid hosseinzadeh parviz farhovandThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of different levels of prebiotic (A-MAX) which includes cell wall composition of Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast on digestibility and blood parameters in West Azarbaijan kids. Twenty kids with an average weight of 1 MoreThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of different levels of prebiotic (A-MAX) which includes cell wall composition of Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast on digestibility and blood parameters in West Azarbaijan kids. Twenty kids with an average weight of 11.1 ± 1.8 kg and about five to six months of age. Were used in a randomized complete block design with 4 treatments (5 kids per treatment). Treatments included 1) no prebiotic (control), 2) 2gram, 3) 4gram and 4) 6 gram prebiotic /day per animal, which were fed with a basal diet. Apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ADF, NDF were not affected by treatments. Moreover blood metabolites including glucose, albumin, total protein, BHBA and BUN were not significantly different between groups. The results indicate that the addition of prebiotic (A-MAX) to the diet of kids had no significant effect on digestibility and blood biochemical parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The comparative effect of prebiotic, growth promoter antibiotic, probiotic, yeast cell wall and acid fire on broiler chickens performance
افشین Zakeri مهدی Taghi Nejad Roudbaneh آیدین Azizpour وحید HajiabalooIn this study 600 Cobb 500 broiler chickens were divided in six similar groups (A, B, C, D, E&F) with 100 chickens in each group (with four replicates of 25 chickens in each group). 100 g/ton growth promoter antibiotic in experimental group (B), 100 g/ton Prebiotic MoreIn this study 600 Cobb 500 broiler chickens were divided in six similar groups (A, B, C, D, E&F) with 100 chickens in each group (with four replicates of 25 chickens in each group). 100 g/ton growth promoter antibiotic in experimental group (B), 100 g/ton Prebiotic in experimental group (C), 800 g/ton Acid fires in experimental group (D), 1 kg/ton MOS in experimental group (E) and 4 kg/ton Yeast cell wall in experimental group (F) were added to the basic diets however the control group (A) chickens were fed only with the basic diet. Every week 100 chickens from each group were selected randomly and productive parameters such as weight gain, FCR, EEF, mortality, feed intake (FI) were calculated. On days 9, 17 and 25 of growth (1 day before and 7, 14 days after first Newcastle B1 vaccination), from each groups, each time 20 chickens were chosen randomly and serum antibody titres of these chickens were measured against Newcastle vaccine by HI test. The results obtained from statistical analysis indicated that using natural growth promoting substances not only increases humoral immunity but it also leads to improvement of productive parameters (p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Introducing the PRIZ
Parviz Abdoltajedini Ali delavar Hasan Ahadi Hadi bahrami -
Open Access Article
112 - بررسی نماد «پری» در خسرو و شیرین نظامی بر اساس نقد کهنالگویی
علی دهقانی -
Open Access Article
113 - دیوها و پریان در شعر سنایی
مهناز بازگیر -
Open Access Article
114 - اثر تیمارهای بیولوژیکی بذر بر مقاومت گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare L) به تنش عنصر سنگین مس در مرحله جوانهزنی و گیاهچهای
معصومه علیزاده فروتن همت اله پیردشتی یاسر یعقوبیان -
Open Access Article
115 - Introducing and assessing the geotourism capabilities of Bahmaei city by comparing models Pereira and Reynard
hamid babolimoakhar saeid negahbanIn the present study, the geotourist attractions of the Bahmaei city were introduced by emphasizing the evaluation of the capabilities of six geosites by comparing the two methods of Pereira and Reynard, and thus the geotouristic value and position of each geosite was d MoreIn the present study, the geotourist attractions of the Bahmaei city were introduced by emphasizing the evaluation of the capabilities of six geosites by comparing the two methods of Pereira and Reynard, and thus the geotouristic value and position of each geosite was determined. The results of evaluation and scoring of the indicators in the models showed that based on Pereira model and from the point of view of geomorphological grade and in both scientific and visual values, Tang-e-Sarvak with a score of 4.49 and 3.85, respectively, and Lake Boram Alvan with scores, respectively. 3.96 and 2.91 have the most attraction. Also, in terms of management quality of Pereira model and in conservation and user values, Tang Sarvak with 67.5 and 94.05 points, respectively, and Boram Alvan with 66.66 and 85.83 points, respectively, have the highest points.On the other hand, the results of evaluation of geosites in the region based on Reynard model show that based on the scientific value of Tang Sarvak and Lake Boram Alvan with a score of 3.5 and 3.44, respectively, and Based on the added value, Tang-e-Sarvak and Tang-e-Maghar, with a score of 6.66 and 6.06, respectively, have the greatest potential for the development of geotourism. Finally, based on the results of the evaluation of the combined value of Tang-e-Sarvak and Brom-alwan, they have more values with a score of 3.55 and 2.98, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Assessment of Different Methods of The Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration By FAO’s Evaporation Pan Method in Catchment Basin of East And South Eastern of The Country
Javad Khoshhal Hamid Zare Abyaneh Alireza JoshaniAssessment of reference evapotranspiration to estimate aqueous Plants’ needs, to manage aquatic and drainage plans and irrigation timing of plants are some necessities of agriculture section. So in this research to find the best model for estimation of refere MoreAssessment of reference evapotranspiration to estimate aqueous Plants’ needs, to manage aquatic and drainage plans and irrigation timing of plants are some necessities of agriculture section. So in this research to find the best model for estimation of reference evaporation and transpiration for catchment basin of East and South Eastern of the Country, relying on clustering method and considering data made by 66 weather stations, reference evaporation and transpiration made by evaporation basin was assessed and compared to evaporation and transpiration measures of 8 equations based on statistical parameters: r, t, d, MAE, MBE, NRMSE. Based on the results, considering the different time dimensions, the methods Hargreaves - Samani, Blaney – Criddle – FAO 24, Turk and Priestley – Taylor, have the best conformity with reference evapotranspiration values resulted by evaporation pan. Also the results of research show that in seasonal scale, summer had the minimum and winter had the maximum estimation error of ETO .On the other hand, monthly scale had the minimum error compared to seasonal scale. This result show decrease in ETO error in small time scales Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - تحلیل و ارزیابی قابلیتهای ژئومورفوتوریسمی منطقه شیروان دره سی سبلان بر اساس روش پری یرا
عزت الله قنواتی مسلم قاسمی جبراییل کاظمی اردبیلیژئومورفوتوریسم، بهعنوان شاخهای نو پا در صنعت توریسم طی سالهای اخیر مورد توجه گرفته است. یکی از کارآمدترین مدلهای ارزیابی ژئوتوریسمی، روش موسوم به پری یرا است. در این پژوهش، از این روش که اساس کار آن بر مبنای امتیاز دهی و رتبهبندی است، برای ارزیابی قابلیتهای ژئومور Moreژئومورفوتوریسم، بهعنوان شاخهای نو پا در صنعت توریسم طی سالهای اخیر مورد توجه گرفته است. یکی از کارآمدترین مدلهای ارزیابی ژئوتوریسمی، روش موسوم به پری یرا است. در این پژوهش، از این روش که اساس کار آن بر مبنای امتیاز دهی و رتبهبندی است، برای ارزیابی قابلیتهای ژئومورفوتوریسمی منطقه شیروان دره سی سبلان استفاده گردیده است. در مدل پری یرا با تأکید بر مطالعات کتابخانهای و میدانی، ابتدا چهار عیار به نامهای علمی، مکمل، محافظت و استفاده بهدستآمده است، سپس از جمعبندی دو عیار علمی و مکمل، ارزش ژئومورفولوژیک و از جمعبندی دو عیار استفاده و محافظت، ارزش مدیریتی به دست میآید. از مجموع دو ارزش ژئومورفولوژیک و ارزش مدیریتی نیز ارزش نهایی استخراج میشود و بر این اساس طبقهبندی انجام میگیرد. بهمنظور اخذ نتایج جامعتر، از نظرات متفاوت 20 کارشناس در دو حوزه گردشگری و منابع طبیعی استفاده گردید. یافتههای این پژوهش نشانگر آن است که این منطقه بر اساس روش پری یرا دارای ارزش بالای ژئومورفوتوریسمی است. لذا در صورت تشکیل ژئو پارک، این منطقه میتواند بهعنوان اولین ژئو پارک در مناطق کوهستانی کشور و دومین ژئو پارک بعد از ژئو پارک قشم در سطح کشور، مطرح شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Assessment of the geomorphotourism capacity of South Pars Special Zone using Pereira method
somaiyeh khaleghi MOHAMMAD MEHDI HOSEINZADEThe South Pars Special Zone is located in Bushehr Province, on the coast of the Persian Gulf, which has valuable geological and geomorphological and environmental landscapes. The present study was designed with the aim of geotourism capacity evaluation of the South Pars MoreThe South Pars Special Zone is located in Bushehr Province, on the coast of the Persian Gulf, which has valuable geological and geomorphological and environmental landscapes. The present study was designed with the aim of geotourism capacity evaluation of the South Pars special zone with the Pereira method. According to the Pereira method, geomorphosites of Nayband Bay (12.73), Naiband headland (10.89), Pardis Mount (9.51), Banou area (8.88), Assalouyeh estuary (8.5), Bassatin estuary (8.23), Kangan tidal mud falt (8.09), Bidkhoun waterfall (7.77), Dorzu waterfall (6.92) and Kalat waterfall (6.84) had the highest to the lowest value respectively. Therefore, the Naiband Bay has the highest geotourism value in terms of tourism attraction in this region. This Bay has a high geomorphologic value (5.62) due to its valuable natural scenery including different estuaries, mangrove forests, sandy beaches, plant and animal species, geological and geomorphic forms and it has high management value (7.11) among other geomorphosites of this region due to accessibility to road and visibility, natural and cultural attractions, legal protection and access to service centers. Therefore, in terms of geotourism, attracting tourists to the South Pars special zone requires a comprehensive study to identify the forms and processes of geomorphosites formation, create facilities for removing access restrictions and providing tourism services and protecting geomorphosites and reducing environmental pollution such as Air and water pollution in this rigion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - The effect of bio-fertilizers and Nano-nitrogen on strawberry quality and quantity under different levels of nitrogen
Davood hashemabadi Mohammad hossain Namaki Farzin Saeeid zadeNitrogen is the most important element in plant growth and yield. There are several sources for supplying nitrogen needed by the plant, including the use of chemical fertilizers. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to contamination of water and soil ha MoreNitrogen is the most important element in plant growth and yield. There are several sources for supplying nitrogen needed by the plant, including the use of chemical fertilizers. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers in addition to contamination of water and soil has also caused health risks to the community. Therefore, optimizing the use of chemical fertilizers and replacing them with organic sources can be a step forward in increasing the health of the community. For this purpose, a field experiment with different levels of urea fertilizer and various nitrogen sources were carried out in a factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications on strawberry in 2016 at Someh-Sara, Gilan, Iran. The experimental factors included urea (0, 75 and 150 kg.ha-1) and various sources of nitrogen (Azospirilum, Azotobacter, Nano-nitrogen and Control). The results showed that in levels of nitrogen source, the application of urea fertilizer increased the shoot weight and shoot length, but decreased total antioxidant capacity, total flavonoid compounds and vitamin C. The highest fresh weight of shoot and fruit number were obtained from nano-nitrogen treatment + 75 kg.ha-1. While the highest amounts of vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity and total flavonoid compounds were obtained from Azotobacter and Azospirilum inoculated plants, Azotobacter was superior to Azospirilum in most of the traits and with increasing the application of urea fertilizer, maintained its efficiency compared to control. The highest fruit yield was obtained from nano-nitrogen + 75 kg.ha-1, but there was no statistically significant difference with Azotobacter + 75 kg.ha-1. Therefore, since the aim of the experiment was to increase the yield and quality of the fruit, Azotobacter + 75 kg.ha-1 is recommendable compared to other treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Determination Of Secondary Materials In Leaves And Orange Fruit (Thompson) In Four Geographical Directions Crown Of The Tree In Golestan Province
Saeed Danesh Khodayar Hemmati Sadegh AtashiOrange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a tree of which leaves, flowers, fruit and fruit skin lesions have been used in different industries including cosmetics, health and food industries. Orange fruit rich in vitamin C and other active substances such as phenols and flavonoids MoreOrange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a tree of which leaves, flowers, fruit and fruit skin lesions have been used in different industries including cosmetics, health and food industries. Orange fruit rich in vitamin C and other active substances such as phenols and flavonoids, which is the very useful for human health.The aim of this study was to investigate the different secondary substances in leaves and fruits (Thompson) in four geographical directions of tree crown. Treatments, including four geographical crown directions (north, south, east and west) and two different organs: leaves and fruit.This study was carried out using the factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Biochemical parameters contents of total phenol, total flavonoids, antioxidants, total soluble sugar, Naringin and hesperidin were assessed. The amount of phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and total soluble sugar was measured by spectrophotometer. The amount of Naringin and hesperidin was measured by HPLC.Based on the results, The highest rate of total soluble sugar was observed in the result of interaction of the eastern direction and fruit. The highest rate of Naringin And Hesperidin was observed in the interaction of southern direction and fruit.The highest rate of phenol were observed in interaction of western direction and fruit. The highest rate of flavonoid was in interaction between eastern direction and fruit. The highest total antioxidant activity was in interaction between eastern direction and fruit.according to the results of this experiment, it has been specified that geographical directions of south and east have the maximum effect on the biochemistry characteristics and fruit organ, This may be due to the better and more light received in these parts of the tree canopy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Effect of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on yield and efficiency elements of sesame
farzad babaei Esmael Ganghene Afshin Mozafari Mohammad Mirzaei Heidari Rahim NaseriIn order to investigate the effect of organic, bio-chemical fertilizers on yield and efficiency components of sesame, a factorial experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Blocks Design with three replications in two crop years in Kermanshah in 2017-2018. The firs MoreIn order to investigate the effect of organic, bio-chemical fertilizers on yield and efficiency components of sesame, a factorial experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Blocks Design with three replications in two crop years in Kermanshah in 2017-2018. The first factor consisted of nitrogen fertilizer with four levels of zero, 33, 66 and 100% nitrogen, and the second factor consisted of inoculation with four levels of seedless biofertilizer, Azotobacter inoculation, Azospirillum inoculation and mixing with both bacteria. . The experiment was conducted each year on three land plots including control, 10 ton manure and 10 ton municipal waste compost. The results showed that the effect of nitrogen and biological fertilizer levels on grain yield and biological yield were significant in all three environments. The highest values of grain yield and biological yield were obtained in the combination of Azotobacter and Azesprillium fertilizers in all three media. The highest grain yield (1298 kg / ha) was observed in the control medium in 100% nitrogen requirement, in the fertilizer medium in 33% nitrogen requirement (1565 Kg / ha) and in the compost medium were obtained with 66% nitrogen (1799 kg / ha). Overall, the results showed that the combination of biological fertilizers with manure or compost could save the fertilizer application and also have acceptable yield. Also, the use of biological fertilizers and organic fertilizers increased the efficiency of use of the elements, which could eventually increase round yields in addition to lower production costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - اثر فتوپریود و درجه حرارت بر درصد و عملکرد روغن ارقام گلرنگ پاییزه در فراهان
محمد میرزاخانی -
Open Access Article
123 - Effect of light intensity on growth traits, photosynthetic and total hypericin in Topaz cultivar and Mishu ecotype of Hypericum perforatum
Javid Emarat-pardaz Sajjad Moharramnejad Jaber Panahandeh Masoud Chamani Mohammad Reza Zadeh Esfahlan Hossein Karbalaei KhiaviHypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a perennial herb which contains precious metabolites such as hypericin, pseudo-hypericin and hyporforin widely used in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. In order to evaluate light density (three levels inclu MoreHypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a perennial herb which contains precious metabolites such as hypericin, pseudo-hypericin and hyporforin widely used in the treatment of mild to moderate depression. In order to evaluate light density (three levels including full light condition, 75% and 50% of full light intensities) on plant height, gland number per leaf, stomata number, chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight, as well as hypericin production of Topaz cultivar and Mishu ecotype of H. perforatum under hydroponic conditions in the greenhouse, an experiment was carried out as split plots based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at the University of Tabriz in 2017. The chlorophyll and hypericin contents were used by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the light density significantly affected on fresh and dry weight, plant height, gland number per leaf, chlorophylls a and b, photosynthesis and total hypericin content in the H. perforatum. The highest fresh and dry weight, gland number per leaf, stomata number, photosynthesis and total hypericin content were belonged to the full light conditions (100% light). The highest plant height, chlorophyll a and b were belonged to the 50% of prevalent light intensity. The results indicated that Topaz cultivar is better than Mishu ecotype. In conclusion, increasing hypericin content in Hypericum perforatum by managing of light intensity is possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - تاثیر جهت جغرافیایی تاج درخت روی فلاونوئیدهای نارنجین و هسپریدین در میوههای نابالغ چهار گونه از مرکبات
خدایار همتی ادریس شعبانی زین العابدین بشیری صدر وحید اکبر پور -
Open Access Article
125 - The analysis of the Character of Fairy in local Folk-tales of Fars (case studies of cubs snake, daughter of the moon and stars and orange and bergamot girl)
atefeh amiri farshid sadat sharifiFairy Tales are the stories in which strange events happen. In this tales, the protagonist is usually a poor beautiful good girl who obtained some features due to her well-established character during the ongoing story, and at last, she married the prince. The sto MoreFairy Tales are the stories in which strange events happen. In this tales, the protagonist is usually a poor beautiful good girl who obtained some features due to her well-established character during the ongoing story, and at last, she married the prince. The stories narrated in the course of centuries orally and today contemporary researchers and scholars gathered those folk literature for analysis to researchers. This paper presents three stories with a common theme of Fairy Tales in the Fars region. Girls in these stories are the protagonists in fairy status. They accepted some features of fairy characters and pretended them in the stories. In the second level, these characters are the goddesses of fertility in the ancient agriculture community. This article aims to reach a common pattern among the three stories. These three stories have common themes due to being of Fars Province. It seems that the goddesses of fertility in the ancient time were manifested in the tales symbolically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The Symbolism in Poems of Mollaparishan
Zahra Nazari Ali Noori Ali HeidariOne of the effective literary devices for expressing complex mystical concepts is the use of the interpretable language of the Symbol which has the most suitable forms for the relative explanation of spiritual experiences and reasonable concepts. Investigating of the ra MoreOne of the effective literary devices for expressing complex mystical concepts is the use of the interpretable language of the Symbol which has the most suitable forms for the relative explanation of spiritual experiences and reasonable concepts. Investigating of the range and manner of the use of symbols in different poetic periods is an effective effort to enter the world of emotions and thoughts of poets and understanding the social atmosphere of their era. Therefore, in this research, the mystical poems of a poet of the west of Iran have been investigated. In this article, based on the descriptive-analytical method, the symbols and then the ways of symbolization in this poet are analyzed. This research through showing types of symbols and levels of symbolizations of Mollaparishan, can help to identify an important and unexplored part of his mentalities, experiences and other aspects of his poetry. The findings of this research show that the different symbols used by this poet; Mollaparishan has mostly used natural symbols; the symbolism of Mollaparishan is mixed with Shari’a and serves mostly to induction mystical themes; Although it is not without referring to personal and social moral themes and issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Criticism of common tales of Laki Dialect on the Basis of Vladimir Prop Pattern
Ali heydariFirstly, it is attempted to present the definition of the tale, the structure of the tale and the classification of the tale. Then, we state the Vladimir Prop’s viewpoints and his thirty one tales which he has extracted from one hundred Russian tales. We introduce MoreFirstly, it is attempted to present the definition of the tale, the structure of the tale and the classification of the tale. Then, we state the Vladimir Prop’s viewpoints and his thirty one tales which he has extracted from one hundred Russian tales. We introduce the main characters in the tales and the domain of the actions. It is presented the inconsistence of the Vladimir Prop Pattern with common tales in Laki Dialect. Some Samples of the tales in the different domains of actions and the main characters and actions which are opposite to Vladimir Prop Pattern have been mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - The survey of the mystical ascension to heaven in the poem of Mollaparishan
ali fatolahi masoud sepahvandiMollaparishan lorestani, was a powerful poet, and one of the great poets of second half of the eighth century Hejria and one of the students of Sheikh Rajab Borsi. He has the special knowledge of discourse and philosophical contexts and he has splendid understanding of MoreMollaparishan lorestani, was a powerful poet, and one of the great poets of second half of the eighth century Hejria and one of the students of Sheikh Rajab Borsi. He has the special knowledge of discourse and philosophical contexts and he has splendid understanding of mystical ascension. The usage of philosophical examples and signs shows that he has the complete proficiency in Arabic language and literature. In this research, we read the narrative of Mollaparishan about the prophit's ascension to heaven, which is based on his poems to compare with other viewpoints regarding its contents. Mollaparishan has a Shia viewpoint, he emphasizes the virtue of the Prophet, and the tradition of Persian mystical literature affected him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Analysis and evaluation of geotourism potential of Shorso region of Malekan city
musa abedini nazfar aghazadeh aboozar sadeghiPower assessment and evaluation of oneIt is one of the important stages of development planningWhich assists development planners and policymakers in preparing appropriate plans for the future. Last year, however, geotourism, as a new and innovative word, considered the MorePower assessment and evaluation of oneIt is one of the important stages of development planningWhich assists development planners and policymakers in preparing appropriate plans for the future. Last year, however, geotourism, as a new and innovative word, considered the role of special importance in the development of the tourism industry of the countries. Shorsoo on the banks of the Mordagh Chay River in the village of Shaykh al-Islam, in the city of Malekan, the water of this spring in the form of a pool, miraculously cures more skin diseases, rheumatism and knee pain, and calms mental illness and depression. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential and talents of geotechnical and cultural tourism in the Shursu region. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and evaluative in terms of approach. Data and information were obtained from documents and field research (questionnaire) and Reynards and Pereira patterns were used to analyze the information. (4.5), conservation value (2.25) and applied value (2.5) have obtained (23.08) percent of the standard level of the model, respectively. (0.46) were evaluated with quality level (moderate) and (poor), respectively. Of the value-added sub-indices, ecological (moderate to poor), cultural (good), aesthetic (good) and economic (poor) sub-indices have been evaluated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The Effect of Aspirin on the World's Pandemic COVID-19
Masoumeh Heidaritajan Maryam Jafarian Anvar Seyed Amirali GhasemiAspirin has become one of the most frequently used and cheapest drugs in medicine till now. Since its first synthesis in 1897, several medicinal roles and mechanisms of action of Aspirin have become apparent. Since its emergence, the COVID-19 pandemic has been ravaging MoreAspirin has become one of the most frequently used and cheapest drugs in medicine till now. Since its first synthesis in 1897, several medicinal roles and mechanisms of action of Aspirin have become apparent. Since its emergence, the COVID-19 pandemic has been ravaging the medical and economic sectors even with the significant vaccination advances. In severe presentations, the disease of SARS-CoV-2 can manifest with life-threatening thromboembolic and multi-organ repercussions provoking notable morbidity and mortality. Aspirin, due to its well-known properties and multiple molecular targets, and ought to its extensive clinical use, has been perceived as a potential therapeutic agent for COVID-19. Aspirin acts at multiple cellular targets to achieve its anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects. Although initial promising clinical data describing aspirin's role in COVID-19 has appeared, evidence supporting its use remains fragile and premature. In this article, we highlight the history of Aspirin, a novel mechanism of action, and its uses. Also included is a brief statement of emerging new applications and principal mechanisms by which Aspirin inhibits acute inflammation and alters platelet biology; therefore, hypothesized that Aspirin might prove highly beneficial as a novel therapeutic drug for combating severe acute inflammation and thrombosis associated with the cytokine storm in COVID -19 patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Preparation of Magnetite Nanocomposites based on Azolla Filiculoides fern with Environmental Applications for Organic Pollutants
Reyhaneh Kouchakinejad Shahab Shariati Jafar Abolhasani Ebrahim Ghorbani-Kalhor Mohammad Taghi VardiniAzolla Filiculoides fern was utilized as a natural adsorbent to develop a magnetic solid phase extraction method for the preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of chlorpyrifos pesticide, which is a primary environmental concern. In this study, the magnetic MoreAzolla Filiculoides fern was utilized as a natural adsorbent to develop a magnetic solid phase extraction method for the preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of chlorpyrifos pesticide, which is a primary environmental concern. In this study, the magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method using magnetite-modified azolla nanocomposites (azolla@Fe3O4 NCs) was developed to preconcentrate trace amounts of chlorpyrifos pesticide prior to UV-Vis spectroscopy. The structural characteristics of the synthesized nanocomposites (NCs) were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) methods. In the proposed MSPE method, after optimizing the adsorption/desorption variables in MSPE and obtaining the optimum level of each variable (adsorption step: Vsample = 50 mL, contact time = 15 min, solution pH = 3, adsorbent mass = 0.05 g, ionic strength = 0.01 mol L-1; desorption step: eluent type and volume = ethanol (2 mL) for 10 min), the desorbed ethanolic solution was spectrophotometrically investigated in the UV-Vis region. The results confirm the developed MSPE method can be used for the preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of chlorpyrifos in the aqueous samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Study on Behavior of Infilled Composite Steel Frame under Lateral Loading
Hasan PoorMohammad seyedali tabatabayiAbstract In previous earthquakes, the effect of infill in the structures has shown the importance of modeling and evaluating their influences in analyzing and designing the structures. Different modeling methods have been presented up to now in this field. In this rese MoreAbstract In previous earthquakes, the effect of infill in the structures has shown the importance of modeling and evaluating their influences in analyzing and designing the structures. Different modeling methods have been presented up to now in this field. In this research, the effect of infill with various number of stories is investigated by pushover method. The results of this research reveal that the expected behavior of the structures with and without infill differs significantly. Also with increasing the number of stories, values of initial stiffness, periods, shear values and drift in buildings with infill vary basically in comparison with building without infill. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - اثر تیمارهای بیولوژیکی بذر بر مقاومت گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare L) به تنش عنصر سنگین مس در مرحله جوانهزنی و گیاهچهای
معصومه علیزاده فروتن همت اله پیردشتی یاسر یعقوبیان -
Open Access Article
134 - شناسایی پروفایل میکروبی پنیر شهری پگاه گلپایگان و بهینه سازی روند کاهش طعم تلخ آن از طریق افزودن ترکیبات پریبیوتیک
فاطمه داوری نفیسه سادات نقوی هاشم نیری -
Open Access Article
135 - بررسی ویژگی های فیزیکوشیمیایی و میکروبی پودر حاصل از خوراک محتوی پوست نرم پسته و آب انگور با استفاده از خشک کن پاششی
حسن محمدی آراسته عبدالرضا میرچولی برازق موسی الرضا هوشمند دلیر -
Open Access Article
136 - The Effect of Type And Concentration Of Various Inulin Sources On Physicochemical and Sensory Properties Of Low-Fat Cream
Sanaz Pirayesh , Atoosa Farrokh -
Open Access Article
137 - The Relationship between Emotions' Control, Distress Tolerance and Harmful Use of Cell Phones among Students
Nader Ayadi Moslem Abbasi Zabih Pirani Davoud Tagvaie Arash PiraniThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between emotions' control, distress tolerance and harmful use of cell phones among students of Payame Noor University of Tehran. The present study was descriptive- correlation. The statistical populati MoreThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between emotions' control, distress tolerance and harmful use of cell phones among students of Payame Noor University of Tehran. The present study was descriptive- correlation. The statistical population of the study consisted of all graduate students of Payame Noor University of Tehran in 2014-15 academic year. The study sample consisted of 160 subjects selected by available sampling among students of Payame Noor University of East Tehran. Data were collected using harmful use of cell phones' test of Williams et al. (COS), emotions' control test (ECS) and distress tolerance scale of Simmons and Gahr (DTS). In order to test hypotheses, using SPSS software, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. Pearson's correlation results showed that emotions' control and its components, as well as distress tolerance had a significant negative relationship with excessive use of mobile phones by students. Also, the results of multiple regression showed that emotions' control and distress tolerance predict excessive use of cell phones among students. According to the findings it can be concluded that emotions' control and distress tolerance played an important role in predicting harmful use of cell phones by students. Therefore, educational authorities' special attention to the student stressors and strengthen positive aspects of their personality is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Investigate the Relationship between the Components of Social Anxiety and Students' Enthusiasm toward Computers
Syedeh Khadijeh Moafimadani Majid KakvanThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of social anxiety and students' enthusiasm toward computers. The research method was descriptive-correlational type and was applied in terms of purpose and carried out by field method. MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the components of social anxiety and students' enthusiasm toward computers. The research method was descriptive-correlational type and was applied in terms of purpose and carried out by field method. The statistical population of the study was 2780 students of Islamic Azad University, Ramsar Branch. The sample size was determined as 338 people based on the Krejcie and Morgan table according to the size of the population. Subjects were selected randomly by stratified sampling method based on gender. To collect the data of the research, the Heinssen et al. questionnaire of enthusiasm toward computers and the Watson & Friend social anxiety questionnaire were used. The reliability of the two questionnaires was calculated by Cronbach's alpha method and was confirmed by alpha coefficient of 0.78 and 0.80, respectively. Pearson correlation test and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the research hypothesis using SPSS software. The findings of this research showed that there was a significant relationship between social anxiety components and students’ enthusiasm toward computers (r = 0.58, P = 0.000) at 95% probability level. Also, both components of social anxiety (social avoidance and distress, and fear of negative evaluation) explained 33.6% of the variance of students' enthusiasm toward computers (R2 = 0.336). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Relationship between e-learning and psychological distress mediated by fear of losing the school year of Abadeh nursing students
Marzieh Heydari sakineh EslamiThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between e-learning and psychological distress mediated by students' fear of losing their school year of Abadeh nursing students. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between e-learning and psychological distress mediated by students' fear of losing their school year of Abadeh nursing students. The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study included all nursing students of Abadeh Islamic Azad University, 188 of which 120 people were selected as a statistical sample using Morgan table and simple random sampling method. In this study, Hassan and Bao (2020) questionnaire was used to measure the variables of e-learning, psychotic distress and fear of losing the school year. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient for e-learning 0.84, psychological distress 0.87 and fear of losing the academic year 0.91 and its validity was examined and confirmed by construct and content validity.To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods and confirmatory factor analysis were used with the help of SPSS and Smart PLS software and the research analytical model was developed. Findings showed that e-learning has a significant relationship with psychological distress and fear of losing the school year. Fear of losing the school year also mediates e-learning with students' psychological distress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Comparison of the Effect of Distress Tolerance and Social Phobia on the Rate of Student Use Virtual Social Networks
Naiereh sadat Rowhany Mehri Seyed Mousavi Masoumeh Gorji zobair samimiThe aim of this study was the Comparison of the effect of distress tolerance and social phobia on the rate of student use virtual social networks. The method of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all high school girls’ students in Te MoreThe aim of this study was the Comparison of the effect of distress tolerance and social phobia on the rate of student use virtual social networks. The method of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all high school girls’ students in Tehran city who were studying in the academic year of 2018-2019.A sample of 385 individuals was selected through Cochran formula and Stratified sampling. Data were gathered using the questionnaire of the use of virtual social networks, simons and gaher distress tolerance scale, and conner's social phobia questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the discriminant function analysis. The results of discriminant analysis indicated one significant component. According to the recognized component, regulation, absorption, evaluation related to distress tolerance and fear and avoidance related to social phobia had the highest ability to differentiate between two groups of students. Also, the majority of the students with high use of virtual social networks and the highest percentage of recognition (69.2%) were correctly distinguished from other students and 66/9% of the subjects in the two groups were classified according to the obtained function correctly. The results of this classification indicated the ability of these variables in distinguishing between students with Different rates of using virtual social networks. Based on the present results, distress tolerance and social phobia factors related to the use of social networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Comparison of the effects of sub-lethal stress on viability of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum used as an adjunct culture in synbiotic yoghurt and digestion system
Hamid Noorbakhsh Masoud Yavarmanesh Ali Mortezavi Ali Moazzami Payman AdibiProbiotics are defined as a live microorganism that when administrated in an adequate amount promote the health status of consumers. The most important challenge in consumption of probiotics is how to keep them alive during food processing and throw the digestion system MoreProbiotics are defined as a live microorganism that when administrated in an adequate amount promote the health status of consumers. The most important challenge in consumption of probiotics is how to keep them alive during food processing and throw the digestion system. The aim of this study is the comparison of the effects of sub-lethal pre-culturing on the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum. in this study the effect of sub-lethal stresses such as low pH (2.5, 3.5, 4.5, 5.5, 6.5), Salt (2, 4 %), bile (0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1 and 1. %) and Cold (4 °C) on increasing of viability of cells was investigated. The survival rate of treated and untreated cells in yogurt and digestion system using the enumeration of viable cells was also comprised. the results showed that sub-lethal pre-culturing had a significant effect on the viability of cells (P≤0.05). The viability of treated cells was increased in all stresses, moreover, the number viable cells in the stool sample of consumers showed a significant increase after one-month consumption of yogurt. the results demonstrate that sub-lethal pre-culturing was led to increasing the number of viable cells in all mentioned stresses, while the increasing rate of viability was different between two bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Increase the survival of Lactobacillus ramnosus LGG and improved physicochemical, reological and sensory properties of fermented milk using Roman nettle mucilage compared with Inulin
Sara Amiri Samani Maryam Jafari Fatemeh NejatiThe aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic potential of Roman nettle seed mucilage in the growth and survival of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) as well as changes in different physicochemical, reological and sensory properties of fermented milk comp MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the prebiotic potential of Roman nettle seed mucilage in the growth and survival of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LGG) as well as changes in different physicochemical, reological and sensory properties of fermented milk compared with inulin (commercial prebiotic) during the storage time. For this purpose, values of 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% (w/w) of nettle seed mucilage and 0.5 and 1% (w/w) inulin has been added to the recombined milk and after inoculation of bacteria, changes in acidity, syneresis, viscosity, the number of probiotic bacteria and sensory properties were studied during 21 days. The results showed that the addition of mucilage to fermented milk improved the growth and survival of L. rhamnosus and subsequently increase the acidity of the samples. Furthermore, the addition of mucilage compared with inulin, led to reduction in syneresis of the samples and higher counts of probiotics during storage. Finally, according to physico-chemical, microbiological and organoleptic results, samples containing 0.1% (w/w) of mucilage were considered as the best sample in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Feasibility study of producing and evaluation the quality properties of probiotic and synbiotic jelly containing Bacillus coagulans
Elham Rajab Pour Nikoo Samar Mansouripour Javad HamediIn this research, jelly samples including probiotic (containing Bacillus coagulans), synbiotic (containing B.coagulans and galactooligosaccharide) and control (without probiotic and prebiotic) were produced and kept in the refrigerator for six weeks. Survival of probiot MoreIn this research, jelly samples including probiotic (containing Bacillus coagulans), synbiotic (containing B.coagulans and galactooligosaccharide) and control (without probiotic and prebiotic) were produced and kept in the refrigerator for six weeks. Survival of probiotics was evaluated weekly. In order to confirm the safety, microbial tests including E.coli, Salmonella, S.aureus and lactic acid bacteria were carried out. Physicochemical properties of jelly samples including pH, brix and syneresis were considered for six weeks. Sensory evaluation was performed by taste panel assessment. The results showed that there was a decreasing trend of probiotics in probiotic and synbiotic jelly samples within six weeks. The samples kept their probiotic property until sixth week but it was more desirable almost until the fourth and fifth weeks. In safety microbial tests, no growth of the tested microorganisms was observed. Brix test results showed that the trend of brix reduction in probiotic and synbiotic samples was more evident than control from fifth week. This difference was also significant in the sixth week (p<0.05). The pH of the samples did not show significant difference before the fourth week (p>0.05). But after that, the pH of probiotic and synbiotic samples was significantly less than the control (p<0.05). According to the syneresis test, no syneresis was observed in the samples. The results of taste­­ panel showed no significant differences compared to control by adding probiotic or prebiotic to jelly samples (p<0.05). Therefore, according to the results of this research, probiotic and synbiotic jellies can be produced with proper quality characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - A review of the use of cyanobacteria in increasing effects of prebiotic and probiotic on food
Seyed Amir Ali Anvar Bahareh NowruziProbiotics have been a good and healthy food source for humans for centuries. In the meantime, microalgae are always considered useful dietary supplements. The combination of microalgae and probiotics leads to the production of fermented dairy products that not only inc MoreProbiotics have been a good and healthy food source for humans for centuries. In the meantime, microalgae are always considered useful dietary supplements. The combination of microalgae and probiotics leads to the production of fermented dairy products that not only increase the quality of food but also increase their nutritional value for consumers by increasing the number and shelf life of probiotic bacteria. In fact, as the number of live probiotics in the diet increases, consumers will receive more probiotics at the time of consumption. In this review article, we tried to investigate the effect of probiotics and prebiotics on the use of microalgae supplements on various fermented dairy products. In addition, by reviewing the latest available articles, the effect of using microalgae supplements on the physiological, chemical and microbiological properties and sensory of dairy products were examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - تعیین و شناسائی ترکیبات اسانس روغنی اندامهای هوائی گیاه پورتار توسط تکنیک GC-MS
علیرضا سردشتی مسعود فاضلی رستم پورمقدمه و هدف: گیاه پورتار ((Cymbopogonolivieri گیاهی پایا است که بهطو ر طبیعی در ایران رویش دارد. در این تحقیق گیاه پورتار از اطراف شهر خاش جمع آوری شده و ترکیبات اسانس اندامهای هوایی آن موردبررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: اسانس به روش تقطیر با آب و توسط د Moreمقدمه و هدف: گیاه پورتار ((Cymbopogonolivieri گیاهی پایا است که بهطو ر طبیعی در ایران رویش دارد. در این تحقیق گیاه پورتار از اطراف شهر خاش جمع آوری شده و ترکیبات اسانس اندامهای هوایی آن موردبررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: اسانس به روش تقطیر با آب و توسط دستگاه کلونجر تهیه شد.تجزیه اسانس و شناسائی ترکیبات موجود درآن به وسیله تکنیکهای کروماتوگرافی گازی وGC-MS انجام شد. نتایج و بحث: اسانس اندامهای هوایی گیاه پورتار جمع آوری شده در ادریبهشت ماه با راندمان 49/2 درصد وزنی/وزنی و اسانس اندامهای هوایی جمع آوری شده در بهمن ماه با راندمان 21/1 درصد وزنی/وزنی استخراج شدند. در اسانس گیاه جمعآوری شده در اردیبهشت 19 ترکیب که 86/98 درصد از کل اسانس را در بر میگرفت،شناسائی شد. اجزای اصلی تشکیل دهنده این اسانس شامل پیپریتون (65/51%)، المول (37/12%)،الفا-ترپینولن (08/6%)، ژرماکرن (65/4%) بودند. در اسانس گیاه پورتار جمعآوری شده در بهمن ماه 20 ترکیب که 65/99 درصد از کل اسانس را در بر میگرفت، شناسائی شد. اجزای اصلی تشکیل دهنده شامل پیپریتون(06/43%)، المول (72/32%)، بتا-اودسمول(42/13%)،کاتکول دی استات (62/4%) بود. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: بیشتر ترکیبات موجود در اسانس این گونه مورد بررسی به عنوان مواد موثر داروئی محسوب میشوند و بنابراین میتوانند در صنعت داروسازی کاربرد داشته باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Linguistic Imperialism and Globalization in Iranian English Language Teaching Curriculum: Teachers Perceptions and Upstream Document Analyses the Islamic Republic of Iran in facing the challenges and cultural dominance of the West
Mostafa Rafiei Hassan Soleimani Hamed BarjestehThe study has investigated the perception of Iranian EFL teachers and policymakers towards the phenomenon of linguistic imperialism and globalization in the English language teaching curriculum and the relationship between contextual factors and the attitude toward ling MoreThe study has investigated the perception of Iranian EFL teachers and policymakers towards the phenomenon of linguistic imperialism and globalization in the English language teaching curriculum and the relationship between contextual factors and the attitude toward linguistic imperialism. To conduct this research, 674 Iranian EFL teachers and eight high-ranking officials of Iran who are responsible for designing and compiling national documents in the Expediency Recognition Council, the Cultural Revolution Council, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Information Technology were invited to participate in the research. Using structural equation modeling, the collected quantitative data was analyzed and the content analysis method was used for qualitative data. The findings showed the significant influence of cultural and contextual factors in shaping the attitude of educators and policymakers toward linguistic imperialism. To preserve the cultural and linguistic identity of students along with learning English as a global language, this approach can help students to increase their language skills and at the same time facilitate international communication. Therefore, the members of society specifically the planners, teachers, language learners, and parents should pay attention to the nature and cultural, social, and political consequences of this language and not consider it as a neutral communication tool. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Analysis of the relationship and position of the countries on the basis of THE imperialism and development in the arena of international relations
mohanadreza mailiSince the France Great Revolution (1789) until now, relation between states and nations has become increasingly important and expanding. These relations base on political and legal framework as well as specific concept are separable. If we want to highlight two concepts MoreSince the France Great Revolution (1789) until now, relation between states and nations has become increasingly important and expanding. These relations base on political and legal framework as well as specific concept are separable. If we want to highlight two concepts or key-terms in relations between states and societies from the 19th century until now; they are IMPERIALISM and DEVELOPMENT. The division of states in the arena of international relations in 19th century until now is based on concepts of indicators of imperialism & development.This article is trying to rely on these two concepts and hereby analyzes the relations and positions between states and societies in the history bed of international relations. This analysis is against to one-sided debates that are thoroughly with negative, contentious and based on unilateral view (including Marxists and leftist to European nationalism and capitalism) which considers the opposite side as the factor of evil and depravity and in return ideologically but not scientifically analyzes the history and the relations between states and societies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - .
Ghorbanali Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
149 - Meaning Layers in the Historical Evolution of Baroque (A Look at Personification of “Pari” in rumi)
Narges Mohammadi Badr Yahya Noorodini AghdamBaroque literature is a 17th century prose genre that has several distinctive characteristics when compared to literary styles of earlier centuries. The baroque era is known for the use of dramatic elements in all art forms, and works of baroque literature are generally MoreBaroque literature is a 17th century prose genre that has several distinctive characteristics when compared to literary styles of earlier centuries. The baroque era is known for the use of dramatic elements in all art forms, and works of baroque literature are generally no exception. Writers of this time period expanded and perfected the uses of allegories with multiple layers of meaning. Smaller-scale metaphors are also frequent trademarks of this genre, and many works of baroque literature focus on humanity's struggle to find deep meaning in existence. A fairy tale is a type of short story that typically features folkloric fantasy characters, such as fairies, goblins, elves, trolls, dwarves, giants, mermaids, or gnomes, and usually magic or enchantments. Fairy tales may be distinguished from other folk narratives such as legends - which generally involve belief in the veracity of the events described - and explicitly moral tales, including beast fables. Fairy (= Pari) is found in oral and in literary form. The history of the fairy tale is particularly difficult to trace because only the literary forms can survive. Two theories of origins have attempted to explain the common elements in fairy tales found spread over continents. One is that a single point of origin generated any given tale, which then spread over the centuries; the other is that such fairy tales stem from common human experience and therefore can appear separately in many different origins. Fairy tales with very similar plots, characters, and motifs are found spread across many different cultures for example Mowlana`s Works, Fairy (pari) is personage whit several means.This Study is about layers of meaning in baroque literature and pairy personage in Qazaliyyat e Mowlana Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - .
Roghayyeh Hemmati -
Open Access Article
151 - اثر افزودن پریبیوتیک و ایزولوسین به جیرههای غذایی بر عملکرد و برخی فراسنجههای خونی در جوجههای گوشتی
ا. اژدر ن. ایلا ج. یدیبه منظور بررسی اثر پریبیوتیک (فرمکتو) و ایزولوسین و ترکیب آنها در جیره بر روی عملکرد و برخی فراسنجههای خونی جوجههای گوشتی در طول دوره پایانی، در ابتدای آزمایش تعداد 300 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس 308، یکروزه بر طبق کاتالوگ پرورش سویه راس تا 21 روزگی پرورش یافتند. جوجهه Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر پریبیوتیک (فرمکتو) و ایزولوسین و ترکیب آنها در جیره بر روی عملکرد و برخی فراسنجههای خونی جوجههای گوشتی در طول دوره پایانی، در ابتدای آزمایش تعداد 300 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس 308، یکروزه بر طبق کاتالوگ پرورش سویه راس تا 21 روزگی پرورش یافتند. جوجههای 21 روزه، به طور تصادفی در 4 تیمار و 5 تکرار در 20 قفس زمینی (در هر قفس 15 قطعه) تا 42 روزگی نگهداری شدند. جوجههایی که در گروه شاهد قرار گرفتند از جیره پایه ذرت-سویا و گندم تغذیه شدند. به گروههای آزمایشی 1/0 درصد پریبیوتیک و 04/0 درصد ایزولوسین افزوده گردید. در پایان آزمایش هم یک پرنده از هر پن خونگیری و توزین گردید وکشتار شدند. نتایج در پایان آزمایش نشان دادند که پریبیوتیک و ایزولوسین به طور معنیداری (05/0>P) سبب بهبود ضریب تبدیل غذایی و افزایش وزن و کلسترول سرم خون گردید ولی بر روی صفاتی چون: مصرف خوراک، میزان اوره، اسید اوریک، تری گلیسرید، LDL، HDL، VLDL، LDL/HDL سرم و پروتئین تام اثر معنیداری نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - اثرات سطوح مختلف نشاسته مقاوم بر عملکرد رشد و مرفولوژی ایلئوم در جوجههای گوشتی: در مقایسه با فروکتوالیگوساکارید و زینک باسیتراسین
ک. لطفی ع. مهدوی ا. جبلی جوان ح. استاجی ب. دارابیقانعاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف نشاسته مقاوم بر عملکرد و مرفولوژی ایلئوم در جوجه­های گوشتی در مقایسه با فروکتوالیگوساکارید و زینک باسیتراسین انجام شد. گروه­های آزمایشی شامل گروه کنترل (جیره پایه بدون افزودنی)، چهار گروه دریافت­کننده سطوح مختلف نشا Moreاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف نشاسته مقاوم بر عملکرد و مرفولوژی ایلئوم در جوجه­های گوشتی در مقایسه با فروکتوالیگوساکارید و زینک باسیتراسین انجام شد. گروه­های آزمایشی شامل گروه کنترل (جیره پایه بدون افزودنی)، چهار گروه دریافت­کننده سطوح مختلف نشاسته مقاوم نوع 2 (شامل سطوح 1، 2، 3 و 4 درصد نشاسته مقاوم در جیره پایه)، گروه دریافت­کننده فروکتو الیگوساکارید (به میزان 4/0 درصد در جیره پایه) و گروه دریافت­کننده زینک باسیتراسین (به میزان 50 میلی گرم در هر کیلوگرم جیره پایه) بودند. نتایج خوراک مصرفی در روز 35 نشان داد که گروه­های دریافت­کننده 2 و 3 درصد نشاسته مقاوم تفاوت معنی­داری با گروه­های دریافت­کننده فروکتو الیگوساکارید و زینک باسیتراسین ندارند. بیشترین وزن بدن و کمترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک در گروه دریافت­کننده زینک باسیتراسین مشاهده شد (05/0P<). وزن بدن جوجه­ها در گروه­های دریافت­کننده 3 و 4 درصد نشاسته مقاوم تفاوت معنی­داری با گروه دریافت­کننده فروکتوالیگوساکارید نداشتند. گروه­های دریافت­کننده 3 و 4 درصد نشاسته مقاوم طول پرز بالاتر (05/0P<) و عمق کریپت کمتری در مقایسه با گروه دریافت­کننده فروکتوالیگوساکارید داشتند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که گروه دریافت­کننده زینک باسیتراسین عملکرد بهتری نسبت به سایر گروه­ها داشته است؛ به نظر می­رسد افزودن 3 و 4 درصد نشاسته مقاوم به جیره جوجه­های گوشتی، عملکردی مشابه با فروکتوالیگوساکارید دارد. Manuscript profile -
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153 - بررسی تأثیر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولیدمثلی بزهای نر مرغز در غرب ایران
م. سوری ر. میرمحمودیدر این آزمایش از 10 رأس بز نر نژاد مرغز (میانگین وزن 2/1±2/29 کیلوگرم) برای مطالعه اثر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولیدمثلی استفاده شد. دامها در در قفسهای انفرادی و تحت نور طبیعی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه واقع در غرب ایران به م Moreدر این آزمایش از 10 رأس بز نر نژاد مرغز (میانگین وزن 2/1±2/29 کیلوگرم) برای مطالعه اثر فصل بر مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولیدمثلی استفاده شد. دامها در در قفسهای انفرادی و تحت نور طبیعی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه واقع در غرب ایران به مدت یک سال نگهداری شدند. جیره غذایی با 9/7 مگاژول انرژی متابولیسمی و 8/98 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک پروتئین خام در طول دوره آزمایش به دامها داده شد. وزن زنده، مصرف ماده خشک و افزایش وزن روزانه هر کدام از دامها به طور هفتگی اندازهگیری شد. غلظت هورمون تستسترون در سرم نمونههای خون ماهانه اندازهگیری شد. نمونههای منی به طور ماهانه از دامها توسط دستگاه الکترواجاکیولیتور جمعآوری گردید و بلافاصله بعد از آن توسط میکروسکوپ نوری بررسی شد. در طی آزمایش، رفتارهای جنسی دامها و اندازه بیضهها به طور ماهانه ثبت گردید. حداکثر مصرف ماده خشک در فصول تابستان (9/0±3/64 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) و بهار (9/2±2/62 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) و حداقل آن در فصل زمستان (9/0±0/54 گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن متابولیکی) ثبت گردید. ارزش افزایش وزن روزانه به صورت بهار > تابستان > زمستان > پاییز ثبت شد. بیشترین رفتارهای جنسی در اواخر تابستان و سپس در طی پاییز که مصادف بود با حداکثر غلظت هورمون تستسترون (1/10-8 نانوگرم بر میلیلیتر) ثبت گردید. علاوه بر این، بهترین شاخص و حجم منی (2/1-1/1 میلیلیتر)، طول بیضه (7/14-3/13 سانتیمتر)، عرض بیضه (1/6-0/6 سانتیمتر) و محیط بیضه (5/35-2/32 سانتیمتر) در اواخر تابستان و در فصل پاییز مشاهده شد. نتایج این آزمایش نشان میدهد که مصرف ماده خشک و فعالیت تولیدمثلی بزهای نر مرغز با یکدیگر مرتبط بوده و ناشی از تغییرات فصلی فتوپریود میباشد. Manuscript profile -
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154 - اثر پریبیوتیک و نوع تنظیم خوراک بر عملکرد، جمعیت میکروبی روده و تولید گاز در روده کور مرغان تخمگذار
ه. جهانیان نجفآبادی ع.1. ساکی ز. بهرامی ع. احمدی د. علیپور م. عبدالملکیدر این آزمایش، اثر پری­بیوتیک بایوماس® و نوع تنظیم خوراک (بر اساس اسیدآمینه کل و قابل هضم) بر عملکرد و جمعیت میکروبی روده باریک مرغان تخمگذار در یک دوره آزمایشی به مدت 10 هفته مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تعداد 168 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار سویههای لاین 36-W در سن 73 هفتگی Moreدر این آزمایش، اثر پری­بیوتیک بایوماس® و نوع تنظیم خوراک (بر اساس اسیدآمینه کل و قابل هضم) بر عملکرد و جمعیت میکروبی روده باریک مرغان تخمگذار در یک دوره آزمایشی به مدت 10 هفته مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. تعداد 168 قطعه مرغ تخمگذار سویههای لاین 36-W در سن 73 هفتگی به طور تصادفی به 4 تیمار آزمایشی، 7 تکرار و 6 پرنده در هر تکرار اختصاص داده شدند. این مطالعه در قالب آزمایش فاکتوریل 2 × 2 با طرح پایه کاملاً تصادفی شامل دو سطح پری­بیوتیک (0 و 5/0 کیلوگرم در تن جیره) و دو نوع تنظیم اسیدآمینه خوراک (کل و قابل هضم) انجام شد. تولید تخم مرغ، وزن تخم مرغ، توده تخم مرغ، میانگین مصرف خوراک روزانه و ضریب تبدیل غذایی بوسیله پری­بیوتیک بایوماس®، نوع تنظیم اسیدآمینه خوراک و اثر متقابل آنها به طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفتند. پارامترهای کیفی تخم مرغ شامل وزن مخصوص، ضخامت پوسته، وزن پوسته، واحد هاو و رنگ زرده تحت تأثیر پری­بیوتیک بایوماس® و نوع تنظیم اسیدآمینه خوراک قرار نگرفتند (05/0P>). هیچ اثر معنی­داری از پری­بیوتیک بایوماس®، نوع تنظیم اسید آمینه خوراک و اثر متقابل آنها بر شمارش باکتری­های لاکتوباسیل در ایلئوم مرغان تخمگذار مشاهده نشد (05/0P>). هیچ اختلاف معنی­داری از نظر سرعت و حجم تولید گاز در روده کور بین تیمارهای آزمایشی وجود نداشت (05/0P>). در نتیجه افزودنی خوراکی مورد استفاده در این مطالعه تأثیر معنی­داری بر عملکرد، شمارش باکتری لاکتوباسیلوس در روده و تولید گاز و جمعیت میکروبی روده کور مرغان تخمگذار نداشت. Manuscript profile -
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155 - مقایسه اثر آنتیبیوتیک، پروبیوتیک و پریبیوتیک درجیره جو بر عملکرد، قابلیت هضم، مرفولوژی روده، فراسنجههای خونی و پاسخ ایمنی جوجههای گوشتی
م. مهرآبادی ر. جمشیدیاین آزمایش به­ منظور تعیین اثرات جایگزینی 20 درصد جو به ­جای ذرت، با افزودن پروبیوتیک، پری­بیوتیک و آنتی­بیوتیک بر عملکرد، سیستم ایمنی، مرفولوژی روده، خصوصیات لاشه و قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی طراحی شد. این آزمایش با 400 قطعه جوجه­گوشتی نژاد راس در ق Moreاین آزمایش به­ منظور تعیین اثرات جایگزینی 20 درصد جو به ­جای ذرت، با افزودن پروبیوتیک، پری­بیوتیک و آنتی­بیوتیک بر عملکرد، سیستم ایمنی، مرفولوژی روده، خصوصیات لاشه و قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی طراحی شد. این آزمایش با 400 قطعه جوجه­گوشتی نژاد راس در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 5 تیمار به ­مدت 42 روز به اجرا درآمد. برای هر تیمار 6 تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل 1) جیره بر پایه ذرت و سویا (شاهد ذرت)، 2) جیره حاوی 20 درصد جو (شاهد جو)، 3)شاهد جو + 25/0گرم در کیلوگرم پروبیوتیک گالیپرو، 4)شاهد جو + 1 گرم در کیلوگرم پری­بیوتیک فرمکتو و 5)شاهد جو + 15 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم آنتی­بیوتیک ویرجینیامایسین بود. در سن 42 روزگی پرورش تفاوت وزنی معنی­داری بین تیمارهای آزمایشی مشاهد شد (05/0>P)، به ­صورتی که تیمار حاوی آنتی­بیوتیک بالاترین وزن بدن را نشان داد. بالاترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در تیمار آنتی­بیوتیک و پایین­ترین آن در تیمار کنترل جو مشاهده شد. استفاده از جیره جو به­ همراه آنزیم اثر معنی­داری بر طول ویلی­های روده داشت و سبب کاهش طول آنها شد (05/0>P). تفاوت معنی­داری بر قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی بین جوجه­های دریافت کننده جو و ذرت مشاهده نشد (05/0<P). بنابراین داده­ها نشان می­دهد قابلیت هضم ظاهری مواد مغذی جیره­های جو با افزودنی­ها، افزایش یافته است. وزن نسبی لاشه، سینه، ران، کبد، چربی بطنی و طول روده در 42 روزگی رکوردبرداری شد. نتایج نشان ­داد که ترکیبات لاشه به­طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایش قرار نگرفت (05/0<P). نتایج نشان داد که گنجاندن جو در جیره به همراه افزودنی­های فوق می­تواند جایگزین خوبی برای ذرت در جیره باشد. Manuscript profile -
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156 - بررسی تاثیر یک پریبیوتیک مایع بر عملکرد رشد و اندامهای داخلی بلدرچینهای ژاپنی
ح. حاجاتی ع. گیلانی س. سیفیآزمایشی برای ارزیابی اثرات یک پری­بیوتیک مایع بر خصوصیات لاشه، دستگاه گوارش و صفات تولیدی بلدرچین­های ژاپنی انجام شد. تعداد 80 قطعه جوجه 7 روزه بلدرچین ژاپنی به دو تیمار اختصاص داده شدند. هر تیمار دارای 4 تکرار (پن) با 10 قطعه پرنده در هر کدام بود. تیمار اول (شا Moreآزمایشی برای ارزیابی اثرات یک پری­بیوتیک مایع بر خصوصیات لاشه، دستگاه گوارش و صفات تولیدی بلدرچین­های ژاپنی انجام شد. تعداد 80 قطعه جوجه 7 روزه بلدرچین ژاپنی به دو تیمار اختصاص داده شدند. هر تیمار دارای 4 تکرار (پن) با 10 قطعه پرنده در هر کدام بود. تیمار اول (شاهد) شامل یک جیره غذایی توصیه شده استاندارد بدون افزودنی پری­بیوتیک بود. تیمار دوم دارای همان جیره غذایی نخست بود ولی یک پری­بیوتیک مایع به مقدار 5/0 میلی­لیتر در هر لیتر آب آشامیدنی پرنده­ها در کل دوره آزمایش استفاده گردید. آب و خوراک به صورت دسترسی آزاد از 7 تا 42 روزگی فراهم شدند. مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک به صورت هفتگی تعیین شدند. استفاده از پری­بیوتیک مایع اثر معنی­داری بر وزن نسبی اندام­های داخلی و لاشه نداشت. میزان تلفات تحت تاثیر تیمارها قرار نگرفت. در کل، مصرف خوراک پرنده­های دریافتکننده پری­بیوتیک مایع به طور معنی­داری کاهش و وزن­گیری به طور قابل ملاحظه­ای افزایش یافت. در نتیجه ضریب تبدیل خوراک کل دوره آزمایش بهبود یافت. Manuscript profile -
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157 - اثرات جیرههای حاوی روی آلی و پریبیوتیک بر عملکرد تولیدی و پاسخ ایمنی بلدرچینهای در حال رشد
دی.ال. عبد-ال-سامی آی. ال-وردانی جی.آ. نعمت الله او.ام. ابو-ال-آزابهدف آزمایش حاضر بررسی امکان بهبود عملکرد تولیدی و پاسخ ایمنی بلدرچینهای در حال رشد در طول تابستان در مصر با مکمل کردن جیره با روی آلی (بیوپلکس روی) و پریبیوتیک (مانان الیگوساکارید) بود. جیرهها شامل جیره پایه مکمل شده با 20 میلیگرم بیوپلکس روی (3 میلیگرم روی) (Zn Moreهدف آزمایش حاضر بررسی امکان بهبود عملکرد تولیدی و پاسخ ایمنی بلدرچینهای در حال رشد در طول تابستان در مصر با مکمل کردن جیره با روی آلی (بیوپلکس روی) و پریبیوتیک (مانان الیگوساکارید) بود. جیرهها شامل جیره پایه مکمل شده با 20 میلیگرم بیوپلکس روی (3 میلیگرم روی) (Zn1)، 40 میلیگرم بیوپلکس روی (6 میلیگرم روی) (Zn2)، 1 گرم پریبیوتیک (P)، P+ Zn1 یا P+ Zn2 بودند. دمای محیط و رطوبت نسبی به ترتیب در دامنه 34 تا 36 درجه سانتیگراد و 45 تا 51 درصد بود. تفاوت معنیداری در وزن بدن، افزایش وزن، خوراک مصرفی، ضریب تبدیل غذایی و تلفات بلدرچینهای تیمارشده با شاهد مقایسه شد. اثر تیمارها بر صفات لاشه و اوزان نسبی اندامهای لنفاوی و غده تیروئید معنیدار نبود. پاسخهای اولیه و ثانویه ایمنی در بلدرچینهای تیمار شده بیشترین بود. نتایج نشان داد که پروتئین کل پلاسما در بلدرچینهای P و P + Zn2 در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش یافت. سطح پلاسمایی لیپیدها و کلسترول به طور معنیداری در بلدرچینهای تغذیه شده با جیرههای مکمل شده کاهش یافت. تفاوت معنیداری در فعالیت آنزیمهای پلاسمایی AST و ALT و غلظت ترییدوتیرونین مشاهده نشد. نتیجهگیری میشود که مکمل کردن جیرههای رشد در بلدرچینهای ژاپنی پرورش یافته در تابستان در مصر با 20 یا 40 میلیگرم بیوپلکس روی در کیلوگرم به تنهایی یا همراه با 1 گرم پریبیوتیک (مانان الیگوساکارید) اثر معنیداری بر عملکرد تولیدی نداشت، اما پاسخ ایمنی را بهبود داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Doctorines of Didactic literature in Hakim Gha’ani’s book (Parsihan)
abdolali Ovaici Hosein SadeghiHakim Mirza Habib Shirazi, also known as Gha’ani, is one of the greatest writers and elocutionists of the 13th A.H. century. Apart from his poems, he has also written some books. One of his books; namely, Parishan, is written didactically to teach behavioral and m MoreHakim Mirza Habib Shirazi, also known as Gha’ani, is one of the greatest writers and elocutionists of the 13th A.H. century. Apart from his poems, he has also written some books. One of his books; namely, Parishan, is written didactically to teach behavioral and moral issues. If we look at Parishan book didactically, we see a treasure full of mysticism, as well as moral and behavioral facts which can be guidelines for humans’ scientific and practical lives. The present research is a study of the dual semantic structures of the stories and advices of the book based on an analytic-descriptive method. Good and bad behavioral and moral attributes reveal Hakim Gha’ani’s teachings and their frequencies. Among these attributes, it will open a window into the lives of the people of Hakim Gha’ani and watch the society of that time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
159 - The Effects of Azathioprine on Kidny Tissue in Dibetic Rats
Farangis Ghasemy Abbas Hushmandy Golshid AhmadyDiabetes is a metabolic disease that results in major damage to the kidney. Azathioprine is widely used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation. In this study, the effect of azathioprine on renal tissue and serum markers of insul MoreDiabetes is a metabolic disease that results in major damage to the kidney. Azathioprine is widely used in the treatment of other autoimmune diseases, cancer, and organ transplantation. In this study, the effect of azathioprine on renal tissue and serum markers of insulin resistance in rats were studied. 56 adult male wistar mouse with 80 to 90 days old and weighing approximately 200±20g were diveded in 8 groups as follow: Control group (without treatment), sham (140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding) and 1 to 4 experimental groups that in addition of 140cc froctose 10% as a daily feeding, were injected [3.75, 7.5, 15 and 21] mg/kg/bw azathioprine both in single dose and interaperitoneal at 96th day. 24 hours after both kidneys were seprated, fixed in formalin (10%) and placed in tissue processor. Prepared serial sections were studied with LM (10x & 40x). Obtain data analyzed by using SPSS (17) and ANOVA and groups were compared in significance level (P< 0.05) with Tukey's test. Significant decrease in the diameter of the renal cortex and medulla in control, diabetic and non-diabetic treatment groups and a significant increase in proximal and distal convouluted, henle's loop and glomerules compared with the control group. Collecting tubes difference was not significant in all groups compared to controls. According to above results, Azathioprine creating synergistic effects with diabete. Therefore, diabetics are taking limits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - -
کلثوم فرقان علی محبوب خمامیآهار گیاهی یکساله و دارای دوره طولانی گلدهی بوده و از اواخر بهار تا اواسط پاییز گل می دهد و جز گیاهانی می باشد که در فضای سبز کاربرد زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق اثر دو نوع باکتری محرک رشد و کمپوست آزولا بر برخی صفات زینتی و فاکتورهای رشد گیاه آهار (Zinna elegans) در کشت گل Moreآهار گیاهی یکساله و دارای دوره طولانی گلدهی بوده و از اواخر بهار تا اواسط پاییز گل می دهد و جز گیاهانی می باشد که در فضای سبز کاربرد زیادی دارد. در این تحقیق اثر دو نوع باکتری محرک رشد و کمپوست آزولا بر برخی صفات زینتی و فاکتورهای رشد گیاه آهار (Zinna elegans) در کشت گلدانی و در شرایط گلخانه ای مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور شامل کمپوست آزولا در 6 سطح (0، 10، 20، 30، 40 و 50 درصد) کمپوست آزولا و فاکتور باکتری های محرک رشد در سه سطح (بدون باکتری ، باکتری آزوسپریلوم و ازتوباکتر) در سه تکرار انجام شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داده که بطور کلی باکتری های محرک رشد (آزوسپریلیوم و ازتوباکتر) و کمپوست آزولا اثر معنی داری بر فاکتورهای مورد بررسی در گیاه داشته اند. تیمار 50 درصد کمپوست آزولا و آزوسپریلیوم وزن تر ریشه و برگ، نیتروژن برگ و ارتفاع بوته بیشتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت و در تیمار 10 درصد کمپوست آزولا و آزوسپریلیوم از نظر ماده خشک برگ و ماده خشک ریشه برترین تیمار بود. طبق بررسی های انجام شده آزوسپریلیوم با درصد کمتری از کمپوست برروی وزن خشک و با درصد بیشتری از کمپوست بر روی وزن تر اثرمعنی دار داشت، ضمنا با در صد بیشتری از کمپوست در تیمار آزسپریلیوم و 50 درصد کمپوست بر نیتروژن برگ و ارتفاع ساقه اثر معنی دار داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی با کاربرد خارجی اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک بر ختمی (Alcea rosea)
تکتم اورعی محمود شور علی تهرانی فر حسین نعمتیتنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی است که رشد گیاهان زینتی را در فضای سبز محدود می­سازد. اثر اسپرمیدین و سالسیلیک اسید بر ختمی تحت تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در ابتدا، گیاهان با چهار غلظت اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک (شاهد، 100، 200 و 400 میکرومولار) در سه روز متو Moreتنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی است که رشد گیاهان زینتی را در فضای سبز محدود می­سازد. اثر اسپرمیدین و سالسیلیک اسید بر ختمی تحت تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در ابتدا، گیاهان با چهار غلظت اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک (شاهد، 100، 200 و 400 میکرومولار) در سه روز متوالی اسپری شدند، و سپس به مدت دو هفته تحت تنش خشکی (80، 60 و 40% ظرفیت زراعی) قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی تا 40 % ظرفیت زراعی سبب افزایش نشت الکترولیت، پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در مقایسه با گیاهان شاهد شد. همچنین کاربرد 100 میکرومولار اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک در بین غلظت­های مختلف به­طور معنی­داری سبب کاهش نشت الکترولیت و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و افزایش محتوای نسبی آب، پرولین، پروتئین، فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، تعداد گل و سطح برگ شد، اما غلظت­های بالاتر (400 میکرومولار) بی اثر و یا اثرات بازدارنده داشتند. تیمار با 100 میکرومولار اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک سبب افزایش مقاومت به تنش خشکی (تا 40 % ظرفیت زراعی) با کاهش نشت الکترولیت (5 %) و افزایش محتوای نسبی آب (11 و 9%)، مقدار پرولین (31 و 21 %)، شاخص کلروفیل (18 و 5 %) و وزن خشک (3 %) در مقایسه با گیاهان تیمار نشده تحت تنش خشکی 40 % ظرفیت زراعی شد. ختمی به­طور شدید تحت تنش خشکی آسیب می­بیند، اما کاربرد اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک سبب افزایش محتوای نسبی آب، پرولین و پروتئین در گیاهان تحت تنش خشکی شد. کاربرد اسپرمیدین و اسید سالیسیلیک می­تواند به­عنوان یک تمرین اقتصادی برای افزایش عملکرد ختمی در شرایط کمبود آب در نظر گرفته شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - واکنش گل صدفی (Gypsophila paniculata) تحت تاثیر آمیزه ها و مقادیر مختلف کودهای غیرآلی
انریکه ای بیناس جی آر نوآ دی مارویا الن ال تنداسینگگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عمل Moreگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عملکرد و بازگشت سرمایه در گل صدفی با استفاده از آمیزه­ ها و مقادیر کودهای غیرآلی انجام شد. مساحت 100/8 مترمربع به 5 بلوک 4×4 متر برای اجرای آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح RCBD آماده شد. تیمارها به قرار زیر بودند: فاکتور A (آمیزه ­های کودی) شامل: C0: بدون آمیزه کودی؛ C1: عصاره گیاهی تخمیر شده به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی؛ C2: عصاره تخمیر شده میوه به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی و C3: فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 درصد حجمی. فاکتور B (کود غیرآلی) شامل: F0: بدون کود؛ F1: 60-60-90 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F2: 30-30-45 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F3: 15-15-25 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار. آمیزه و مقدار کودی 15-15-25 از نظر ارتفاع بوته 28 روز بعد از کاشت برتری معنی ­داری داشت. فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 % حجمی و 15-15-25 (T15) بهترین ترکیب تیماری برای افزایش ارتفاع گل صدفی 28 روز پس از کاشت بودند، البته همه کودها نسبت به شاهد از نظر تولید پاجوش، گل و گل­ های بازارپسند به مدت 3 ماه شبیه شاهد بودند. بنابراین می­ توان گفت از نظر بازگشت سرمایه، بیلان منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Evaluation of the Foliar Spraying Effects of Chitosan Nanoparticles and Salicylic Acid on the Petal Senescence and Postharvest Quality of Cut Roses cv. Samuraie
Vida Jodi Mansour Matloobi Asghar Ebrahimzadeh Gholam Reza MahdaviniaExtending the flower vase life is very important in the floriculture industry. In present study, the effectiveness of chitosan and salicylic acid nanoparticles in delaying of the senescence of cut roses was evaluated. Experiments were performed in a completely randomize MoreExtending the flower vase life is very important in the floriculture industry. In present study, the effectiveness of chitosan and salicylic acid nanoparticles in delaying of the senescence of cut roses was evaluated. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized design with 9 treatments in six repetitions, and the treatments were applied by petal spraying every three days. Chitosan nanoparticles with two concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 mg/L) and SA with two concentrations (0.1 and 0.3 mmol) on the postharvest quality of cut roses were tested during 15 days period (1, 4, 7, 11, 15 days after harvest). The maximum vase life (17.8 days) observed in flowers subjected to foliar spraying of 0.5 mg/liter of chitosan nanoparticles with 0.3 mM salicylic acid, while shortest flower longevity (13.5 days) obtained in untreated flowers. Also, the amount of relative water absorption of flowers and flavonoid content with significant increase were detected in 0.5 mg/L chitosan nanoparticles with 0.3 mM salicylic acid treatment. Treatments containing chitosan nanoparticles, especially the combined treatment of 0.5 mg/L of chitosan nanoparticles with 0.3 mM SA, reduced the amount of electrolyte leakage of the petals and increasing the vase life. moreover, the lowest activity of antioxidant enzymes including GPX, PPO, POD and hydrogen peroxide were observed in flowers sprayed with 0.5 mg/liter chitosan nanoparticles + 0.3 mM SA. Among chitosan nanoparticle treatments, the longest vase life was related to 0.5 mg/liter (15 days), which increased flowers vase life by 11% compared to the control. Between SA treatments, the concentration of 0.3 mM was the most effective with a 6% increase in flowers vase life comparing untreated flowers. Finally, the combined treatments of chitosan nanoparticles and SA beside improving postharvest quality of cut roses, caused a 31% increase in flower longevity comparing untreated flowers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Studying the Effect of Seed Priming on the Growth and Yield of Marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) Under Different Levels of Vermicompost
Farzin SaeedzadehThe present study aims to investigate the effect of different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of the essential oil of marigold plant under seed priming with Azospirillum and humic acid under different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of mari MoreThe present study aims to investigate the effect of different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of the essential oil of marigold plant under seed priming with Azospirillum and humic acid under different levels of vermicompost on the growth and yield of marigold essential oil, factorial based on a randomized complete block design in the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Astara branch was done. The test treatments included seed priming including Azospirillum brazilense bacteria, humic acid, Azospirillum + humic acid and control and different levels of vermicompost (0, 5 and 10 t ha-1). The results showed that some traits such as chlorophyll a, anthocyanin, essential oil yield and biological yield were affected by vermicompost interaction and seed priming. But plant height, number of seeds and flowers, flower weight, seed weight, essential oil amount and total chlorophyll were affected by the main effect of vermicompost, but seed priming was not significant on some of these traits. The highest amounts of chlorophyll a and total, biological yield, essential oil yield and dry weight of flowers were obtained from humic acid + Azospirillum treatment under the application of 10 t vermicompost ha-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - مدیریت کود در مزارع برنج از طریق کاربرد باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه
هاشم امین پناه سعید فیروزیاین آزمایش مزرعه­ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن، ایران، به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه بصورت بذرمال بر رشد و عملکرد برنج در سطوح متفاوت کود شیمیایی نیتروژن انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی و در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل Moreاین آزمایش مزرعه­ای در ایستگاه تحقیقات برنج تنکابن، ایران، به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه بصورت بذرمال بر رشد و عملکرد برنج در سطوح متفاوت کود شیمیایی نیتروژن انجام شد. این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل دو عاملی و در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه (ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم، آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم، کاربرد توام ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم و عدم کاربرد باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه) و مقدار کود نیتروژن (50، 75 و 100 درصد مقدار کود شیمیایی نیتروژن توصیه شده، به ترتیب برابر 50 ، 75 و 100کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که حداکثر مقدار عملکرد شلتوک (7875 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در پلات­های تیمار شده با کاربرد توام باکتری ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم مشاهده شد، در حالی­که حداقل عملکرد شلتوک در تیمار شاهد عدم مصرف باکتری مشاهده شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش مصرف نیتروژن از 50 به 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد دانه، تعداد خوشه در متر مربع، تعداد پر در خوشه و وزن هزار دانه به ترتیب 9، 9، 18 و 6 درصد افزایش یافت. حداکثر عملکرد (7875 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با مصرف نیتروژن به میزان 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار و کاربرد توام باکتری ازتوباکتر کروکوکوم و آزوسپریلوم لیپوفروم مشاهده شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Assessing the Rate of Child Abuse in the Covid-19 Epidemic and its Effect on students' Psychological Distress
mehdi shomaliahmadabadi Atefe Barkhordari AhmadabadiThe present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the rate of child abuse in the Covid-19 epidemic and its effect on students' psychological distress. This research was a descriptive correlational study that was conducted in the research community of Ardakan stu MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the rate of child abuse in the Covid-19 epidemic and its effect on students' psychological distress. This research was a descriptive correlational study that was conducted in the research community of Ardakan students in the academic year of 2022-2023. 412 people were selected voluntarily and answered the questionnaires of misbehaving with children and psychological distress. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation and multiple regression were used simultaneously. The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between mistreatment of children (and psychological, physical and neglect dimensions) with psychological distress (P<0.001). The results of the regression test also showed that 49% of psychological distress is explained by the linear combination of psychological dimensions and parental neglect. The covid-19 epidemic has been accompanied by an increase in the psychological pressure of parents, the risk of misbehaving with children, and the psychological distress of children, which shows the need for effective intervention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - A comparative study on digital library open source code softwares
fereshteh sepehr aliasghar sharifiniaPurpose: The aim of the present research is developing knowledge in the field of open-source code software of digital libraries, and identifying their strengths, weaknesses, similarities, and differences. Methodology: This research is of applie MorePurpose: The aim of the present research is developing knowledge in the field of open-source code software of digital libraries, and identifying their strengths, weaknesses, similarities, and differences. Methodology: This research is of applied type. The population is composed of Greenstone, Koha, Dspace, MyLibrary, EPrints, and OpenBiblio. The existing standards of digital libraries have been investigated and a checklist is prepared so that the best software for providing a suitable model could be introduced.Descriptive measurable research method is used to collect the information and describe the related features. Findings: The findings show that among the softwares that are designed as Integrated Digital Library open-source code, the highest capabilities belong to Koha, MyLibrary, and OpenBiblio. And, those which have been designed for digital library materials according to the checklist are Greenstone, Dspace, and EPrints. Conclusion: From the viewpoint of digital library materials, regardless of functional modules (Acquisition, Cataloging, OPAC, Circulation, Serial Control), the highest capabilities belong to Greenstone, Dspace, Koha, MyLibrary, EPrints, and OpenBiblio Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Evaluation of faculty members Research performance at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in Google Scholar during 2009-2013
Khadijeh Shabankareh Mitra Baghjannati Ali HamidiPurpose: Considering the importance of scientific production in the ranking of universities and evaluation of faculty members as researchers who have most contribution in the scientific productions of universities, the present study examined the research performance of MorePurpose: Considering the importance of scientific production in the ranking of universities and evaluation of faculty members as researchers who have most contribution in the scientific productions of universities, the present study examined the research performance of faculty members’ Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in Google Scholar in terms of quantity and quality. Methodology: This research is descriptive survey was conducted using citation analysis. The study sample is scientific outputs of all faculty members working at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences in 2014 (including 160), which is indexed in Google Scholar. Data were collected using publish or perish, a citation analysis software. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and descriptive indicators. Findings: The finding of this study showed that, 37/26% of the study population did not have any scientific Documents in Google Scholar and most of them (59/37%) had less than 20 Documents. Averaging 4/73 Documents for each of researcher was indexed in Google Scholar, and each person had received an average of 19/33 citation. The average number of citations per Document was also 1/83. Hirsch index average was equal to 1/45 and G-index was 1/2. Hirsch index and G-index were equal to zero for 48/12% of the study population. Conclusion: The present study indicates that the total number of documents, the total number of citations and Hirsh and G-index for the most researchers in this study are low. Low experience of the most researchers, language barriers and low international access to Persian documents are major reasons for this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Amide bond formation by applying thermal shock and rapid identification of the products using ion mobility spectrometry
farshad mirzaee valadi Hamed Bahrami Manijeh TozihiThe amide bond constitutes the skeleton of biologically significant peptides and proteins. The amide group exists in many pharmaceutical compounds. Thus, the development of an efficient amidation method continues to be an essential scientific pursuit. In this research, MoreThe amide bond constitutes the skeleton of biologically significant peptides and proteins. The amide group exists in many pharmaceutical compounds. Thus, the development of an efficient amidation method continues to be an essential scientific pursuit. In this research, a simple method was introduced for the direct and solvent-free formation of amides, and also for real-time product identification. At first, the ion mobility spectrum of perindopril erbumine salt was obtained, and the ionic species resulting from evaporation and ionization of this salt in corona discharge were identified. Subsequently, the formation of a product ion having heavier mass than protonated perindopril was demonstrated by applying thermal shock at 400 °C to perindopril erbumine salt. The variation of the intensities of the peaks in the ion mobility spectra over the elapsed time, and also predicting the mass of the ionic species were examined to determine the nature of the newly formed product. Through the method described in this article the new product was identified to be an amide compound. The efficiency of the two-reference method for applying the mass-mobility correlation equation to predict the masses of ion species in the ion mobility spectrometry was demonstrated. The results of this study showed that applying thermal shock to perindopril erbumine in addition to degradation of the sample can cause to create new products through the formation of amide bond. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Modeling and Comparative Study of the Behavior of Consumption, Production and Investment Sectors in the Money and Capital Markets of Iran
Fatemeh Masoumi Soureh Mohammadreza Nahidi Amirkhiz AliReza Bafandeh Zendeh Yousof HajiAsghariExtended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources MoreExtended Abstract With the view of the existence of different types of markets in every economy and according to the macroeconomic structure of every country, we can mention money and capital markets as the most basic financial markets. In the money market, resources are lent for a short period, and the most important task of this market is to create facilities for economic units and improve their liquidity. By definition, the money market is a market for trading money and other financial assets that are close substitutes for money that have a maturity of less than one year. In other words, the money market is known as the market of short-term financial instruments with the characteristics of low non-payment risk, liquidity, and high nominal value. The capital market is a market where longer-term bonds (with a maturity of one year or more) and company stocks are traded. Securities that are traded in the capital market (such as stocks and long-term bonds) are more interested in financial intermediaries. Considering that these institutions have a long-term investment horizon and prefer to invest in such long-term bonds. Several variables such as economic growth, investment growth in the production sector, investment growth in the housing sector, consumer price index, people's purchasing power, income and savings changes, employment, liquidity, inflation, exchange rate fluctuations, imports, exports, profit fluctuations, and bank interest. and... can be counted among the internal factors influencing the markets and consequently economic growth and development. One of the most basic goals of economic development is to increase the wealth and welfare of the people of the society. In the meantime, among the issues that can have a fundamental and significant role in the markets, is the behavior of economic variables, whose changes and fluctuations can affect the indices of those markets. Purpose In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate consumption behavior, production and investment, producer index and investor behavior in the years 1357 to 1397, using the Hodrick-Press filter method Methodology For this purpose, in this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the behavior of the consumption, production, and investment sectors in the money and capital markets of Iran. To achieve this goal, the annual data of variables of consumer price index, producer price index, private sector investment in new buildings in urban areas, inflation uncertainty, value of stock transactions and money supply have been used and after examining the behavior of each variable in the form of behavior Consumer consumption, producer production behavior and investor behavior for the years 1357 to 1397 have been investigated using Hodrick-Prescott filtering method, autoregression with distributed lag (ARDL) and vector autoregression (VAR) model. The price index of consumer goods and services is one of the types of price indices that shows the price changes of goods and services that are consumed by households in a period. This variable is expected to affect money and capital markets; Therefore, in this research, the consumer price index was used to evaluate the consumer's consumption behavior, and the producer price index was used to evaluate the producer's production behavior. The producer price index includes all productions (goods and services) in the country in question. The weight of each item is the sales volume (producer's sales) of that item to the total sales volume of items and the change in the price of items is the price of each item in each month compared to the price of the same item in the previous month. In the housing sector, it is expected that an expansionary monetary policy will increase the demand for housing by increasing the amount of money in the asset portfolio. Of course, this depends on various issues. For example, suppose the amount of money increases as a result of an expansionary monetary policy, people will try to buy other assets, such as housing, currency, and stocks, to use the amount of money more. If in that economy, the yield of the housing sector is higher than other assets, or if people in that society are more willing to make long-term investments. In that case, the demand for housing will increase and investors will replace housing with other assets, including stocks and currency. To investigate the behavior of these variables, the Hedrick-Prescott filter provides the unobservable time trend for the time series variable. This filter is used to separate permanent and temporary fluctuations in a time series. The working principle of this filter is based on the separation of fluctuations into permanent fluctuations (supply) and short-term fluctuations (demand). Finding After examining the behavior of the aforementioned variables using Hedrick-Prescott filtering, the results of the ARDL method with a distribution break for the money market showed that in the short term, the variables of consumer consumption behavior, producer production behavior, and investor behavior, and in the long term, all variables with money supply have a relationship But the results of the same method for the capital market show that there is no significant relationship between any of the variables with the value of stock market transactions, both in the short term and in the long term. The results of the VAR model for the money market showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the money supply and the consumer's consumption behavior and the investor's behavior of a previous period, and there is a negative significant relationship between the money supply and the producer's production behavior of a previous period, and the output resulting from this The method for the capital market indicates the existence of a significant negative relationship between the consumption behavior of the consumer, the production behavior of the producer and the behavior of the investor with the value of the stock transactions of a previous period. Conclusion The results of the ARDL method showed that in the long term in the money market, all the considered variables were related to the money supply, which indicates the confirmation of all the considered hypotheses for the money market, but none of the mentioned variables were related to the value of market transactions. Stocks were not related and it shows the rejection of all the hypotheses considered for the capital market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - آسیب گزینشی تصریف فعل در بیماران دستورپریش فارسی زبان در چارچوب فرضیه مشخصههای تفسیر شدنی آسیبدیده
Leila Salehnejad Mansoore Shekaramiz Elkhas Veisi Nastaran Majdinasabآسیب صرفی-نحوی گفتار از مشخصههای بارز بیماران دستورپریش است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی آسیب گزینشی تصریف فعل (زمان و مطابقه) در بیماران دستورپریش فارسیزبان باتوجهبه میزان آسیبپذیری این مشخصهها در چارچوب فرضیه مشخصههای تفسیرشدنی آسیبدیده فیندانیس و همکاران (2012) است. Moreآسیب صرفی-نحوی گفتار از مشخصههای بارز بیماران دستورپریش است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی آسیب گزینشی تصریف فعل (زمان و مطابقه) در بیماران دستورپریش فارسیزبان باتوجهبه میزان آسیبپذیری این مشخصهها در چارچوب فرضیه مشخصههای تفسیرشدنی آسیبدیده فیندانیس و همکاران (2012) است. براساس این فرضیه، میان مشخصههای تفسیرنشدنی فعل مانند شخص و شمار (مطابقه) و مشخصههای تفسیرشدنی مانند زمان و وجه (که در تفسیر جمله دخالتدارند)، تمایز وجوددارد. یعنی مقولههای نقشی حامل ویژگیهای تفسیرشدنی ممکناست باعث بروز مشکلات بیشتری در بیماران زبانپریش ناروان شوند و بازنمایی ساختواژی ویژگیهای تفسیرشدنی در آنها امکانپذیر نیست. برعکس، مطابقه که نیازمند بازبینی ویژگیهای تفسیرنشدنی است، بدون آسیب مانده و ویژگیهای مطابقه نسبتبه زمان در بیماران دستورپریش بیشتر حفظشدهاست. در این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی استدلال میشود که نیاز به پردازش بیشتر زمان بهعنوان یک مشخصه تفسیرشدنی باعث آسیبپذیری بیشتر آن نسبتبه مطابقه بهعنوان یک مشخصه تفسیرنشدنی میشود. بدینمنظور باتوجهبه آزمون زبان پریشی فارسی، گزارش ام آر آی و سی تی اسکن، دو بیمار دستورپریش مورد-بررسی قرارگرفته و نمونههای گفتاری آنها در آزمون تکمیل جمله و آزمون توصیف تصویر ارزیابیشد. بهطورکلی آزمون توصیف تصویر برای این بیماران نسبتبه آزمون تکمیل جمله دشوارتر بود. نتایج آزمونها میزان آسیبپذیری این مشخصه-ها را در زبان فارسی باتوجهبه فرضیه مذکور مورد تأیید قرارداد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در پیشبرد ضدامپریالیسم فرهنگی: تحلیلی تاریخی از ترجمههای علی شریعتی
Azita Ghazizadeh Hossein Mollanazarاز منظر اکتیویسم (کنشگری)، ترجمه بهمثابۀ ابزاری تأثیرگذار برای پیشبرد تغییرات مهم اجتماعی و سیاسی تلقی میشود. بر این اساس، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در ترویج نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران با تمرکز بر دو ترجمه از علی شریعتی انجام شد. برای Moreاز منظر اکتیویسم (کنشگری)، ترجمه بهمثابۀ ابزاری تأثیرگذار برای پیشبرد تغییرات مهم اجتماعی و سیاسی تلقی میشود. بر این اساس، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش کنشگرانۀ ترجمه در ترویج نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران با تمرکز بر دو ترجمه از علی شریعتی انجام شد. برای دستیابی به این هدف، بررسی تاریخی ترجمهها با رویکردی اکتشافی- تحلیلی انجام شد. دادهها از منابع فرامتنی شامل پیشگفتار یا مقدمۀ مترجم، نظرات ترجمانی در منابعی غیر از کتابهای ترجمه شده، زندگینامه و اخبار یا دیدگاههای مربوط به ترجمهها بر اساس پرسشهای دهالست (2010) برای بررسی تاریخی ترجمه گردآوری شد. اطلاعات مربوط به مترجم و نویسندگان بر اساس روش چسترمن (2009) جمع آوری و تجزیه و تحلیل شد. دادهها با استفاده از نظریۀ تیماکسکو (2010) در مورد کنشگری در ترجمه تحلیل شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که ترجمه بهعنوان ابزاری برای توسعۀ نگرش مخالفت با امپریالیسم فرهنگی در ایران مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. علاوه بر این، به نظر میرسد که ترجمهها در مرحلۀ دوم کنشگری در مقابله با استکبار یا امپریالیسم قرار دارند بدین ترتیب که با امپریالیسم مخالف بوده و آن را رد میکنند اما همچنان در تلاشند که هویتی مبتنی بر تفکر دوقطبی و تضادهای دوگانه تعریف کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - Pheonomenlogy of Zaneh-jadoo Based on Shahriyārnāmeh and Shāhnāmeh
Mahdī Sharifiyān Behzād Attoonī In Persian myths, legends and epics, Zaneh-jadoo is a female demon or witch, an antagonist facing the protagonist who tries to tempt. We encounter this character in two Persian epic poem collections: Shāhnāmeh of Ferdousi, in the fourth step of the story of the More In Persian myths, legends and epics, Zaneh-jadoo is a female demon or witch, an antagonist facing the protagonist who tries to tempt. We encounter this character in two Persian epic poem collections: Shāhnāmeh of Ferdousi, in the fourth step of the story of the seven labors of Rostam (Haft-Khane Rostam), and also in Shahriyārnāmeh of Mokhtāri Ghaznavi, in the story of Marjāneh-Jadoo and Shahriyār. In this research, after a brief discussion about Pari, we try to demonstrate that Zaneh-jadoo is the same as Pari, then, based on depth psychology, we have tried to show the influences of Zoroastrianism in the formation of this mythical character. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - Myth and Folktales
farzane mozafariyanFolktale is a story passed down within generations of a particular ethnicity. That comprises the traditions of the culture or group. Folktales are rooted in ancient believes and rites, as well as myths. Iranian folktales, including fairytales, fairytale romances and st MoreFolktale is a story passed down within generations of a particular ethnicity. That comprises the traditions of the culture or group. Folktales are rooted in ancient believes and rites, as well as myths. Iranian folktales, including fairytales, fairytale romances and stories of ayyaran, are full of mythical elements. The present article tries to show the mythical elements of Iranian folktales. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - In the Search of Forgotten Parts of the Myth of Garshāsb
maryam nemat tavosiSome parts of the life of Garshāsb, Iranian hero, have been narrated in Avestā and Pahlavi texts; later on they have been recited in other narratives. The main part of Garshāsb’s life, according to old texts, is about his braveness, and a small part is about his r MoreSome parts of the life of Garshāsb, Iranian hero, have been narrated in Avestā and Pahlavi texts; later on they have been recited in other narratives. The main part of Garshāsb’s life, according to old texts, is about his braveness, and a small part is about his relationship with fairy. Inasmuch as folklore is a protector of eliminated parts of official literature, we consider Sām-Nāmeh and its tradition of storytelling (Naqqāli) as a source for finding the unknown parts of Sām’s and Garshāsb’s lives. According to Sām-Nāmeh, there is a mysterious relationship between Garshāsb and a fairy named Khnathaiti, and between Sām and another fairy named 'Ālamafrouz/Golafrouz. Also, there is a fertilized fairy in Sām’s life named Paridokht. It seems that 'Ālamafrouz and Paridokht are symbols of two great goddesses of creation and destructive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - بینش اساطیری در آثار منیرو روانیپور
Farzaneh Moonesan Abas Khaefi Ali Taslimi Mohammadali Khazanehdarloo -
Open Access Article
177 - Effectiveness of Group Training of Transactional Analysis on Distress Tolerance and Communication Skills
Reyhaneh Jabbari Mirzahosseini Hassan Samaneh Sadegh Mahboob The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on distress tolerance and communication skills of delinquent adolescents. The study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group and More The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on distress tolerance and communication skills of delinquent adolescents. The study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group and follow-up period.The statistical population consisted of delinquent male adolescents from Qom correction and rehabilitation center. Participants included 30adolescents (mean age=15.91; SD= 2.95) were selected by purposeful sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. They completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Communication skills Test (Queendom, 2004). The experimental group received 990-minute sessions of transactional analysis sessions. Then, at the end of the therapeutic interventions and again 2 months later, the subjects of the experimental and control groups were evaluated by questionnaires.The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that transactional analysis significantly increased distress tolerance and communication skills. The findings suggested the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis in increasing distress tolerance and improvingcommunication skills in delinquent adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - The Relationship Between Metacognition and Metaemotion with Distress Tolerance: The Mediating Role of Psychological Flexibility
Majid Pourfaraj Tahere MahmoudianThe aim of this study was to determine the structural relationship between metacognition and meta-emotion with distress tolerance by the mediatory of psychological flexibility. The study design was descriptive correlational and statistic population was all students MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the structural relationship between metacognition and meta-emotion with distress tolerance by the mediatory of psychological flexibility. The study design was descriptive correlational and statistic population was all students of Mazandaran Islamic Azad University. For this purpose, 352 students were selected using multistage randomized cluster sampling method and responded to Metacognitive Questionnaire (Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, 2004), Meta-emotion Questionnaire (Mitmansgruber, Beck, Höfer & Schübler, 2009), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (Bond, Hayes, Baer, Carpenter, Guenol et al., 2011), and Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher ,2005). First, to evaluate the fitness of the models confirmatory factor analysis was used and then the fitness of the proposed model was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling. Findings indicated a suitable fitness of the model to the data. Moreover, the results showed that the relationship between metacognitive and meta-emotion with distress tolerance by the mediatory of psychological flexibility was stronger than their direct relationship with distress tolerance. Therefore, the findings of this study revealed the importance of the mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between metacognition and meta-emotion with distress tolerance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - The Effectiveness of Interactive Group Therapy and Psychodrama on Identity Orientation in Adolescent Girls with Psychological Distress
Nikta Boroomandian Nurallah Mohammadi Changiz Rahimi Taghanakie aim of this study was toevaluate the effectiveness of group therapy based on two methods of interaction and psychodrama on identity orientation in adolescent girls with psychological distress. study design was experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control gr Moree aim of this study was toevaluate the effectiveness of group therapy based on two methods of interaction and psychodrama on identity orientation in adolescent girls with psychological distress. study design was experimental with pre-test, post-test, and control group. 33 girls (aged 14-16) with psychological distress were selected by purposive sampling method in the academic year 2016-2017 and randomly divided into three equal groups. Interventions were 10 sessions of 2-hour group therapy based on interaction and psychodrama. Then Kessler psychological Distress scale (Kessler et al, 2002) and Identity Orientation Questionnaire (Cheek & Briggs, 2003) were administered.ANCOVA and MANCOVA analysis of covariance showed that group therapy based on interaction and psychodrama is effective on reducing psychological distress in adolescents. Results also showed psychodrama was effective on personal identity orientation and interaction group therapy was effective on social identity orientation. Finally, the results indicate the necessity for paying attention to the identity orientation, and preventive and therapeutic actions to improve the psychological health of adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - تجربه و خلاقیت در چاپ دستی
پروین هانی طبایی -
Open Access Article
181 - The effect of prebiotics on bacteriocin production and gut adhesion potential of Lysinibacillus sphaericus DY13 and Bacillus clausii DY14
Yati Vaidya Shriram Patel Prashant Kunjadiya Chaitanya Joshi Anju KunjadiaBackground & Objectives: Probiotics are living microorganisms which when administrated adequately, confer benefits to hosts. In order to estimate the probiotic potential of these microorganisms, it is necessary to assess their health benefits, efficacy, and safety. MoreBackground & Objectives: Probiotics are living microorganisms which when administrated adequately, confer benefits to hosts. In order to estimate the probiotic potential of these microorganisms, it is necessary to assess their health benefits, efficacy, and safety. This study was aimed to evaluate gut adhesion capacity of Lysinibacillus sphaericus DY13 and Bacillus clausii DY14 strains which were previously isolated from healthy human milk, and to assess the effects of natural and commercial prebiotics on bacteriocin production by these two strains. Material & Methods: L. sphaericus DY13 and B. clausii DY14 isolates were evaluated for tolerating the artificial gastrointestinal conditions. Moreover, isolates were examined for auto-aggregation, co-aggregation, and cell surface hydrophobicity properties. The prebiotic effect of mannitol, sorbitol, garlic, onion and honey on the enhancement of bacteriocin production against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was also evaluated. Results: Compared to the control, auto-aggregation potential of DY13 and DY14 was found to be decreased by 4%. Both isolates have demonstrated preeminent auto-aggregation potential. The hydrophobicity percentage of DY13 and DY14 isolates typically ranged between 51-52.7% and 59.1-66.1%, respectively. Comparing the effect of selected prebiotics on bacterial isolates growth and bacteriocin production revealed that honey is the best source to improve the growth of bacterial strain, and also to stimulate bacteriocin production. Conclusion: Due to considerable adhesion potential of both selected strains, they can be applied as suitable and efficient probiotics, along with honey as prebiotic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
182 - Assessment of Biological Modification of Phenol Using Native Bacteria Isolated from Water and Sediment of Parishan Lake
Farshid Kafilzadeh Mohammad Sadegh Farhang doost Abbasali Rezaeian Amir Ashkan MahjourIntroduction and Objectives: Phenol and phenol compounds are extremely toxic which found abundantly in the compounds such as pesticides, herbicides, poisons and chemical fertilizer. Phenol are highly harmful for the creatures, particularly for human beings. MoreIntroduction and Objectives: Phenol and phenol compounds are extremely toxic which found abundantly in the compounds such as pesticides, herbicides, poisons and chemical fertilizer. Phenol are highly harmful for the creatures, particularly for human beings. It leaves irretrievable effects, so it deems advisable to eliminate these compounds from the nature in different ways. Physicochemical methods were used formerly to eliminate phenol. In addition to much expenditures, these methods also cause the production of the dangerous intermediary compounds. Now, the biological analysis of phenol being considered. Among the microorganisms, bacteria have particular importance in phenol analysis. Material and Methods: This research has been done on the sediment and water samples of Parishan lake which is one of the international wetland of Iran. Many samples of bacteria were detached. The separation method for sediment samples is as follows in which 10gr of sample is mixed with 100ml of phenol broth culture medium. Then it is supplied with air in a 30-degree temperature on a shaker having 170rpm. In water sample, 10ml of water sample mixed with 100ml of phenol broth medium. Other stages are repeated again similarly. This process continues until the pure bacteria are separated. The technical medium which is the basis of this experiment including KH2PO4, K2HPO4, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, FeCl3, phenol, water and pH7. Results: The obtained results presented that the bacteria analyzing phenol formed a wide range of bacteria. These bacteria are mainly gram negative and belongs to the Pseudomonas family. These bacteria has got various ability in phenol analysis (0.2-0.9 gr/lit phenol). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the separation and purification of such bacteria can be used for phenol elimination and its toxic derivations in the environment. This is an important step for men's health protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
183 - Examining and comparing the element of "time" from the point of view of Gerald Prince and Gerard Genet in two stories by Haruki Murakami (Blind Willow, Sleeping Woman) and (Shinagawa Monkey)
maryam zahedinfard fatemeh tavakoli rostamiOne of the important issues in structuralism theory is the relation between time, narrative and how time of expression is narrated. One of the ways that makes this abstract thing Concrete is narrative action. According to structuralists analysis, time is one of the main MoreOne of the important issues in structuralism theory is the relation between time, narrative and how time of expression is narrated. One of the ways that makes this abstract thing Concrete is narrative action. According to structuralists analysis, time is one of the main components of the advancement of any narrative, which, along with causality, propagates the story line. Gerald (Prince), (1942) (Gerald Genet) (1930-2018) two structuralist theorist, in relation to time in the narration, express the views of that we compare these two perspectives and consider them in two short stories (willow blind- woman sleeping) (Shinagawa Monkey) from Haruki Murakami. Finally, we conclude that Gerald Genet has eliminated the Prince’s perspective of one of the most complex concepts of the narrative, namely, the problem of time with a simpler pattern( time interval) and (narration time); the discussion( the speed of the narrative) in Prince’s view is defined by two separate concepts( continuity) and( frequency). In addition, Genet by considering the views of the other theorists about time, its function, and its types in narration, Genet adjusts other theories of the theologians and proposes a more comprehensive definition. The present study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical study using library resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
184 - Studying Application of Story in Story in the German and Iranian Literature with considering of its Oriental Characteristics
Kambiz Safiie Mohammad Hossein HaddadiOne could see, considering German and Iranian Literatures, that Story in Story, as an oriental Technique, which penetrated from Iran to European literature, has been applied in different ways in Iran and Europe. The Mode of application of Technique created a new Genre i MoreOne could see, considering German and Iranian Literatures, that Story in Story, as an oriental Technique, which penetrated from Iran to European literature, has been applied in different ways in Iran and Europe. The Mode of application of Technique created a new Genre in Fiction in Europe and especially Germany, which firstly has been assigned as Characteristics of Novel. Some Scholars saw Falkentheorie (as Symbol of turning point or reversal in the Story) in the Novel as essential, but others did not take it seriously. Main Objective of Iranian Authors, using Story in Story, was to psychotherapy of psychotic people. But European Authors applied the Technique in different Manner. Obviously, one sees the Difference in various literary Epochs. The Paper is concentrated on Description of these Differences; furthermore, using some Examples from oriental and occidental literatures, the Paper analyses Features of Story in Story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
185 - A comparison of public and private investment growth performance of economic sectors: A Case Study of Iran
Sakineh SafariThis study aims to compare the efficiency of public and private investment in terms of effect on growth performance of sectors viz. agriculture, mine and industry and service sector using neoclassical growth model and pooled data technique. The applied index represent MoreThis study aims to compare the efficiency of public and private investment in terms of effect on growth performance of sectors viz. agriculture, mine and industry and service sector using neoclassical growth model and pooled data technique. The applied index representing efficiency in public and private sectors is the marginal productivity of capital investment. The findings of this study indicate that public investment has had a positive effect on the growth of service sector while private investment has had positive impact on growth of both industry and service sectors. At the same time marginal productivity of investment in private sector tends to be higher than that of public sector. On this ground, one could justify the undergoing program of privatization of state owned enterprises Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
186 - The relationship between spiritual intelligence and family atmosphere with distress tolerance among students
Venus Tahuri Ali karimi Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional atmosphere of the family with distress tolerance of students, and a descriptive correlational method was used. In order to achieve the research More Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and emotional atmosphere of the family with distress tolerance of students, and a descriptive correlational method was used. In order to achieve the research goals, among middle school students in sabzevar city, with a population of approximately 6,000 students, a sample of 361 students (including 225 female and 136 male) And were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data were collected by Simmons and Gaher Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (2005), Hill Burn Family Affective Affair Questionnaire (1964), and King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008). For data analysis, multivariate regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient were used. And analyzed with SPSS software. In studying the main hypothesis, family emotional atmosphere (P = /0009) and spiritual intelligence (P = /0027) are capable of predicting distress tolerance. Also, in the study of sub hypotheses, there is a significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and distress tolerance among students (P = /0002 , r = /0163) and between family emotional atmosphere and distress tolerance of students (P = /0001 , r = /0179). The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between spiritual intelligence and tolerance of distress and also the relationship between family emotional atmosphere and distress tolerance Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
187 - The effectiveness of mindfulness training on stress tolerance, cognitive regulation of emotion and meaning of life in Payame Noor University students
mojtaba aghili akram vakili bastamEmotional distress as an emotional disorder in the long run can affect the social functioning and daily life of people and cause them helplessness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on stress tolerance, cognitive regulation MoreEmotional distress as an emotional disorder in the long run can affect the social functioning and daily life of people and cause them helplessness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on stress tolerance, cognitive regulation of emotion and meaning of life in students of Payame Noor University. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group. The statistical population of the study was all students of Payame Noor University of Gorgan in the academic year 2020-2021, of which 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of control (15 people) and experimental group (15 people). The research instruments were Gaher (2005) Distress Tolerance Questionnaire, Granfsky Emotion Cognitive Regulation (1991) and The Meaning of Life of Steger et al. (2006). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of mindfulness treatment and the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. Research data were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 24. The results showed that mindfulness treatment increased anxiety tolerance, cognitive regulation of emotion and meaning of life (p<0.001). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can be effective in enduring anxiety, emotion regulation and the meaning of students' lives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
188 - Structural model of psychological distress based on insecure attachment style with the mediating role of alexithymia and moderating mindfulness and self-compassion in heart patients
Fatemeh Eslami bidgoli Mohammad Reza TamannaeifarHeart disease is the first cause of death in the world, and psychological status can play an important role in the exacerbation and relaps of this disease. Therefore, it is essential to identify psychological factors affecting the condition of patients with heart diseas MoreHeart disease is the first cause of death in the world, and psychological status can play an important role in the exacerbation and relaps of this disease. Therefore, it is essential to identify psychological factors affecting the condition of patients with heart disease. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological distress of heart patients based on insecure attachment style with the mediating role of alexithymia and the moderating role of mindfulness and self-compassion. The current research was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research included all coronary and heart failure patients who referred to the medical centers of Aran- Bidgol and Kashan cities in 2022-2023. 200 heart patients were selected by convenience sampling. Using psychological distress scale (DASS-21), Collins and Reed attachment style questionnaire (RAAS), alexithymia questionnaire(TAS-20), Brown and Ryan mindfulness scale questionnaire (MAAS) and self-compassion questionnaire(SCS-SF) data was collected. Data were analyzed by bootstrap method using AMOS 24. The results showed that the proposed model has a good fit. Also, the results showed that alexithymia mediates the relationship between avoidant attachment and psychological distress, and mindfulness and self-compassion have a moderating role in the relationship between alexithymia and psychological distress. According to findings, insecure attachment style plays a role in alexithymia and psychological distress of heart patients and with interventions based on mindfulness and self-compassion can help improve the health of heart patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
189 - Presenting a new approach based on association rule to investigating the relationship of the Oil market with global markets
Reza Khosravi Ehsan Mohammadian Amiri pouria Rezai Seyed Babak EbrahimiIn the current era, the study of the relationship between different markets and their impact on each other has become a necessity micro and macro investors. By investigating the relationship between markets, in addition to being able to obtain the required information a MoreIn the current era, the study of the relationship between different markets and their impact on each other has become a necessity micro and macro investors. By investigating the relationship between markets, in addition to being able to obtain the required information about the impact of the markets, it can also help him in identifying various risks. According to the importance of the subject, in this paper, we have tried to investigate the relationship between the oil market and the gold, dollar markets, companies and energy funds in the field of energy, using the new associative rules approach and the Apriori algorithm. The use of associative rules explicitly explains the relationships between database fields and the relationships and interrelationships between a large set of data items. The results of this study indicate a direct relationship between the oil market and companies active in the energy sector, and the reverse relationship with the dollar index. There was also no significant relationship between the oil and gold market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - Effect of water stress on quantity traits of potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone
maghsoud ziachehreh ahmad tobeh davod hassanpanah Shahzad Jamaati-e-Somarin usef jahaniIn order to identify the effect of water stress on potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone growth this experiment was carried out under field conditions as Split-plot design based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Ardabil Agriculture MoreIn order to identify the effect of water stress on potato traditional cultivars and advanced clone growth this experiment was carried out under field conditions as Split-plot design based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during 2015. Main plots included three irrigation levels: complete irrigation, mild and severe water stress and sub-plots included 5 potato cultivars: Agria, Spirit, Marfona, Luca, Hermes and 397008-9 promising clone. Results showed that in spite of the effect of water stress on marketable tuber number per plant, other studied traits such as tuber weight per plant, marketable tuber weight per plant, total tuber yield and marketable tuber yield were influenced by irrigation and cultivar treatments. Luca and Marfona produced the highest marketable tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber number per plant, respectively and also the 397008-9 promising clone had the most highest total tuber yield and tuber weight per plant due to genetic diversity. There were no significant interaction effect between cultivars × irrigation levels on any traits. Because of no significant difference between complete irrigation and mild water stress treatments and also economic importance of tuber yield for farmers, It seems that replacement of complete irrigation by mild water stress, not only will lead to relative maintaining water resources, but also will produce good marketable tuber yield (In accordance with the cultivar). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
191 - Effect of ascorbic acid and sodium nitroprusside foliar spraying on yield and qualitative characteristics of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo) at different levels of drought stress
Parviz Yadollahi Dehcheshmeh Mohammad Ali Javaheri Mohammad Reza AsgharipourToday, application of anti-oxidant and plant growth regulators has been proposed to reducing the negative impacts of drought stress. Ascorbic acid and sodium nitroprusside are the substances that make plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the e MoreToday, application of anti-oxidant and plant growth regulators has been proposed to reducing the negative impacts of drought stress. Ascorbic acid and sodium nitroprusside are the substances that make plants resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the effect of drought stress, ascorbic acid and sodium nitroprusside foliar sprays were examined on the qualitative characteristics in summer squash plants. The experimental design was a split plot factorial with two irrigation regimes; irrigation at 75% FC and irrigation at 25% FC, as the main treatments, and combination of sodium nitroprusside at three levels of 0, 50 and M and ascorbic acid at three levels of 0, 10 and 20 mM at flowering stage as subplot that were applied with three replications. The experiment was conducted in 2011 at the Zabol University research farm in Zabol, south Iran. Deficit irrigation reduced seed oil content and chlorophyll a. Also delay irrigation decreased relative water content of leaves. Ascorbic acid spraying increased, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, protein and oil contents of leaves, but leaf relative water content decreased with the use of ascorbic acid. The concomitant use of 20 mM of ascorbic acid and 100 M of sodium nitroprusside achieved the greatest chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, protein and oil contents and relative water content of leaves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
192 - بررسی شاخص های رشد در بچه ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان mykiss) (Oncorhynchus تغذیه شده با پری بیوتیک دیواره سلولی مخمر(Saccharomyces cerevisia)
محمد اعتصامی پور عباسعلی زمینی مسعود فرخ روز -
Open Access Article
193 - تاثیر دما وشوری بر میزان تخم گشایی سیست پریان میگوی گونه Phallocryptus spinosa
مسعود صیدگر رضا احمدی علی نکوئی فرد بیژن مصطفی زاده -
Open Access Article
194 - بررسی مقایسه ای رشد و بازماندگی ماهی قرمز(Carasius auratus) تغذیه شده با مکمل آرتمیا و پریان میگوی منجمد وکنسانتره خشک تجاری
مسعود صیدگر یوسفعلی اسدپور اوصالو علی نکوئی فرد علی محسن پور آذری -
Open Access Article
195 - تاثیر دما وشوری بر میزان تخم گشایی سیست پریان میگوی گونه Phallocryptus spinosa
مسعود صیدگر رضا احمدی علی نکوئی فرد بیژن مصطفی زاده -
Open Access Article
196 - A review of the probiotic properties of microalgae
Bahareh NowruziSpirulina is a microalgae of the cyanophyte division, a rich source of organic nutrients. This microalgae is widely used in the food industry as a probiotic and a beneficial food supplement that increases the growth of intestinal probiotic bacteria. Therefore, the purpo MoreSpirulina is a microalgae of the cyanophyte division, a rich source of organic nutrients. This microalgae is widely used in the food industry as a probiotic and a beneficial food supplement that increases the growth of intestinal probiotic bacteria. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to review the probiotic properties of spirulina in the health of human. Spirulina contains more than 78 percent protein, vitamins, 4 to 7 percent fat, minerals, carbohydrates and many micronutrients that have been very healing in the treatment of diseases such as cancer, hypertension, diabetes, anemia, etc. By producing extracellular exopolysaccharides, Spirulina not only increases the number and growth of bacteria such as Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei, but also increases bacterial viability and survival in bacteria. Fermented dairy products play a beneficial role in the food industry. The combination of microalgae and probiotics leads to the production of fermented dairy products that not only increase the quality of food, but also increase their nutritional value for consumers by increasing the number and shelf life of probiotic bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
197 - Analysis of the Effects of Monetary financial Policy Shocks on Formation of Trade Cycles and Ineome Distribution in Iran.
H. Parsa M. Behboodi A. ParsaIn this research it is dealt. with the importance of the effects of monetary and financial policy shocks on formation of trade cycle and income distribution in Iran. Annual time Series data of 1973 to 2007 and Hadrick –Prescott technique bot the analysis wer MoreIn this research it is dealt. with the importance of the effects of monetary and financial policy shocks on formation of trade cycle and income distribution in Iran. Annual time Series data of 1973 to 2007 and Hadrick –Prescott technique bot the analysis were employed. The results showed that trade cycles in Iran responded to both monetary and financial policies. However the effects eves more of financial shocks and less of monetary ones. The monetary effects faded out after one or two cycles Monetary shocks did not have negative effect on income distribution in Iran. However the financial shocks increased the Gini ratio and Worseneded the income distribution. Other findings show that both. Monetary and financial shocks increased inflation, that in turn increased the Gini ratio, that is worsened the income distribution Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - Canine hemangiopericytoma in a young native Ghadrejani dog: histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis
Farshad Baghban Amin BayatiA sixteen-month-old male Ghadrejani dog was referred to the veterinary clinic with a swelling mass on the first finger of the right hand. Clinical examination revealed swelling, erythema and alopecia with ulceration. CBC, radiographs of the affected area and chest, and MoreA sixteen-month-old male Ghadrejani dog was referred to the veterinary clinic with a swelling mass on the first finger of the right hand. Clinical examination revealed swelling, erythema and alopecia with ulceration. CBC, radiographs of the affected area and chest, and regional lymph node examination were reported as normal. Histopathological examination revealed a subcutaneous, multilobular, unencapsulated but well-circumscribed tumor with a fingerprint pattern of spindle cells arranged around a central capillary. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the neoplastic cells expressed vimentin and did not express α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) and S100 protein. Based on the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumor was diagnosed as canine hemangiopericytoma (CHP). This is the first report of CHP in a young indigenous Ghadrejani dog. This report demonstrates that not only can CHP occur in young dogs, but that differentiation from other soft tissue sarcomas requires not only histopathological findings but also immunohistochemical examination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
199 - Consideration twin use of Mycorrhiza and Azospirillum to optimizing of fertilizer application in sustainable corn cultivation
O. Alizadeh A. Alizadeh A. Khaste KhodaeeThis research was done in order to find the symbiotic mycorrhiza funguses and Azospirillum bacteria as biologic fertilizer in different levels of chemical fertilizers phosphor and nitrogen on yield and yield component of corn. Experiments were done in factorial design b MoreThis research was done in order to find the symbiotic mycorrhiza funguses and Azospirillum bacteria as biologic fertilizer in different levels of chemical fertilizers phosphor and nitrogen on yield and yield component of corn. Experiments were done in factorial design based on RCBD with three replications when soil control condition. The treatments were selected as using chemical phosphor and nitrogen fertilizer in 3 levels (without nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers), (nitrogen 100 kg/ha and phosphor 50 kg/ha) and (nitrogen 200 kg/ha and phosphor 100 kg/ha). The Azospirillum treatments were settled in 2 levels (The usage and non usage) and Mycorrhiza treatments in 2 levels (The usage and non usage) .The results showed that yield and yield component of corn was effected by fertilizers treatment so that the Azospirillum can significantly effect on grain yield and kernel numbers of the corn. It didn’t have any effect on 1000 kernel weight but Mycorrhiza could have a positive effect on grain yield and 1000 kernel weight (sig. 1%). It has no meaningful effect on the kernel number. Results showed that by using average of chemical fertilizers, microorganism activities increases but with increased consumption of chemical fertilizers microorganism activities were faint. In this research any negative affect and Antagonism between microorganism was not observed so that it can be used both microorganism until range of 100 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer and 50 kg/ha phosphor fertilizer without any effect on each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
200 - Synthesis of Lanthanum Hexaaluminate (LaMgAl11O19) Powder in order to plasma spary coating on the nickel superalloy as Thermal Barrier coating
mohammad mehdi khorramirad محمد رضا رحیمی پور سید محمد مهدی هادوی کوروش شیروانی جوزانیLanthanum hexaaluminate (LaMgAl11O19) as a new thermal barrier coating due to the properties and superior features is selected as a preferred composition instead of yttria -stabilized zirconia (YSZ) Composition. In this paper, synthesis of this composition by solid stat MoreLanthanum hexaaluminate (LaMgAl11O19) as a new thermal barrier coating due to the properties and superior features is selected as a preferred composition instead of yttria -stabilized zirconia (YSZ) Composition. In this paper, synthesis of this composition by solid state reaction method was investigated then it was prepared to coat by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) method. Scanning electron microscope with X-ray microanalysis (SEM-EDS), differential thermal analysis (TGA/DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize of the synthesized powder, granules and free standing as-sprayed LaMgAl11O19 coating. In this research first, α-Al2O3 powder was used as a raw material. The results showed that this material was not suitable for the synthesis of this compound. Therefore γ-Al2O3 powder was used. As a result of that, a single phase compound with plate-like morphology was formed and the synthesis temperature was 1330 Cº. Also α-Al2O3, LaAlO3 and MgAl2O3 compounds were formed at 850-1100 ºC that the final phase transformation was occurred due to reaction between these three compounds. From the phase analysis results, it can be concluded that the main role of γ -Al2O3 phase in structure is to reduce the synthesis temprature of MgAl2O4 spinel phase to a temperature of less than 1100 ºC. Also chemical analysis results of granules and APS coating with optimal parameters indicated the existence of single phase structure and the second phase was not found. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - Investigation of Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Fabrication by 3d Printer
keyvan mirzaei feshalami zahra sadeghiyan Ramin EbrahimiNowadays, various methods have been introduced for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this research, 3D printing technology has been used to produce oxide fuel cells. First, a 3D printer was constructed that has the ability to print the MoreNowadays, various methods have been introduced for the fabrication of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this research, 3D printing technology has been used to produce oxide fuel cells. First, a 3D printer was constructed that has the ability to print the slurry of anode, cathode and electrolyte layers with the desired thickness and speed. Then a suitable slurry consisting of NiO-YSZ materials was produced for the anode layer, YSZ for the electrolyte layer and LSM for the cathode, with suitable solvents and additives. After cell formation, drying and then sintering of the layers were performed. The composition and microstructure characterization of layers has been performed by XRD, SEM, Mapping, EDS. The I-V-P curve showed the maximum power is around 0.84 W / cm2 at 800 OC with constant oxygen. The impedance curve values under open-circuit voltage were 0.23 Ωcm-2 and 1.25 Ωcm-2 at high and low frequencies, respectively. The tensile experiments indicated values 111 GPa for Young modulus and 137 MPa and 120 MPa values for the fracture toughness and the yield strength, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - Improving the Biocompatibility Performance of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Bi Phasic Calcium Phosphate Gradient Coating By Plasma Spray Method
fahimeh saji iman mobasherpour liela nikzadDue to the problems of metal implants, it is observed that one of the main techniques in solving these problems is to improve the properties of implant coatings. One of the coatings that has been considered in the last decade is biphasic calcium phosphate gradient coati MoreDue to the problems of metal implants, it is observed that one of the main techniques in solving these problems is to improve the properties of implant coatings. One of the coatings that has been considered in the last decade is biphasic calcium phosphate gradient coating. Plasma spraying method was used to coating the implants and three coating layers including HAp, TCP 50%-HAp 50% and TCP were applied gradient on the titanium substrate, respectively. X-ray diffraction test was used to identify the phases. Corrosion of the applied layers was performed using body simulation solution and open circuit potential electrochemical tests were used to evaluate the corrosion of coating. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology and thickness of the layers before and after being placed in the body simulation solution. According to the results of open circuit corrosion potential test, the corrosion voltage is -0.07, -0.09 and -0.19 V for the sample with one layer of HAp coating, the sample without coating and the sample with three layers of coating HAp, TCP 50%-HAp 50% and TCP were obtained respectively. By placing the three-layer coating in SBF solution, tricalcium phosphate in the third and second layers is completely dissolved and with the presence of calcium and phosphorus ions in the form of saturated secondary hydroxyapatite is formed inside the coating. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - Characterization of Thermal and Structural Properties of Poly Lactic Acid Parts Fabricated By Fused Depositing Modeling
Mohsen Khalilian Said Golabi Mohammad KhodaeiPoly Lactic Acid implants are a good candidate for bone tissue engineering due to their favorable biodegradability and mechanical properties. In this study, after studying the structural and thermal properties of polymer by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) MorePoly Lactic Acid implants are a good candidate for bone tissue engineering due to their favorable biodegradability and mechanical properties. In this study, after studying the structural and thermal properties of polymer by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential calorimetery analysis (DSC), thermal gravimetery analysis (TG) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests, to determine the appropriate temperature range of 3D printing, rigid polylactic acid (PLA) implants were prepared by Fused Deposition Modeling FDM at three different temperatures of 200, 210 and 220 °C as standard tensile test specimens. The results of the tensile test showed that in this range, as the print temperature increased, the samples had higher strength and higher fracture stress. Also to further investigate the effect of the FDM temperature, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken from the surface of the printed samples. Microscopic images show that as the print temperature increases, the melt spray and diffusion are more severe and the sample surface is rough. The results show that 210 °C is the optimum temperature for PLA printing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Thermal shock behavior of thermal barrier coatings YSZ, YSZ/mullite and gradient coating YSZ/mullite on nickel base superalloy prepared by plasma spray (APS) method
Nader Soltani iman mobasherpour Esmail Salahi Ali Sedaghat AhangaryIn this research, thermal shock behavior, three types of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), yttria-stabilized zirconia and mullite coating (YSZ/Mullite) and gradient coating of yttria-stabilized zirconia and mullite (YSZ/Mullite) thermal barrier coatings on Inconel 738 l MoreIn this research, thermal shock behavior, three types of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), yttria-stabilized zirconia and mullite coating (YSZ/Mullite) and gradient coating of yttria-stabilized zirconia and mullite (YSZ/Mullite) thermal barrier coatings on Inconel 738 low carbon nickel base superalloy along with bond coated by plasma spray method was compared.Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), microstructure and phase analysis were done. The percentage of porosity and thermal shock of coatings at 1100°C temperature was investigated and compared. The results showed that with the increase of mullite in layer and gradient on YSZ coatings, the number of holes and porosity decreases, which is due to the increase in the amount of melted mullite particles. The percentage of porosity related to layer and gradient coating of mullite was obtained as 8 and 3.5% respectively. Using the results of the thermal shock test, it was determined that the lifetime of the mullite layer coating is longer than the mullite gradient coating and the YSZ coating. The maximum lifespan of the layered coating of mullite was recorded as 70 cycles of 10 minutes in a furnace with a temperature of 1100°C. The gradient coatings of mullite showed a higher percentage of shrinkage in thermal shock than the layered mullite coating. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - The Effects of Desmopressin Acetate during the Prenatal and Neonatal Development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis on Serum Levels of Sexual Hormones at Puberty in Male Rats
سید ابراهیم حسینی مختار مختاری گلشید ساکیDesmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic p MoreDesmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis on sexual hormones of peripubertal male rat offspring was determined. In this experimental study fifty female and twenty adult male wistar rats were used. after becoming pregnant, females were divided into five groups of ten including the control group (no treatment), Sham group 1 and experimental group 1 which received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, prenatally, and Sham group 2 and experimental group 2 that received nothing, but their offspring received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, neonatally. At ninth weeks after birth, the concentration of sexual hormones was measured by Electrochemiluminescence. The results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. The results indicate that the concentration of sexual hormones in prenatally and neonatally treated male rats was not significantly different than the control group. It is suggested that DA doesnandrsquo;t cross the placenta and doesnandrsquo;t interfere with fetal development of HPG axis of male rat offspring. Also, because of the stopped development of leydig cells and its inactivated receptors during neonatal period, the steroidogenesis of leydig cells during pripubertal period wouldnandrsquo;t undergo the effects of DA which was injected at the first week of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
206 - The Frequency of Infection of Parishan Lakes Fish to Larval Stage of Contracaecum sp.
علیرضا گلچین منشادی محمدرضا هاشم خانی محمد ترحمیPresent survey was performed for diagnosis of frequency of contracaecum sp. larval stage on Parishan lake. Fish capturing was done in both warm seasons (spring and summer) and cold seasons (autumn and winter) of year and captured fish was transferred to parasitology lab MorePresent survey was performed for diagnosis of frequency of contracaecum sp. larval stage on Parishan lake. Fish capturing was done in both warm seasons (spring and summer) and cold seasons (autumn and winter) of year and captured fish was transferred to parasitology laboratory of veterinary medicine faculty of Islamic Azad University, Kazerun Branch. Totally, One hundred and seventy fish was examined including five species: Barbus luteas,Capoeta barroisi persica,Garra ruffa obtusa ,Chalcalburnus sellal andCyprinion macrostomus tenairidias . The result showed that the mean of infection in Barbus luteas was 63.11 and 2 0.91 ,in Capoeta barroisi persicawas 3.28.666 and 1.5 5.44 , in Garra ruffa obtuswas 6.833 3.368 and 2 0.732 , in Chalcolburnus sellallwas 9.52.724 and 2 0.733, in Cyprinion macrostomus tenairidiaswas 52.301 and 2.5 1.08 in hot and cold seasons respectively .Also the highest and lowest number of parasites among fish species realated Chalcalburnus sellal andGarra ruffa obtusa. Parasite frequency in all over of warm seasons was more than cold seasons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
207 - Environmental Analysis of the International Wetland of Parishan on the Basis of the SWOT Management Model
سمیه اردو فریدون عوفیThis paper has performed in order to evaluate the ecological and environmental study of the sensitive area as the international wetland of Parishan in emphasis on species and habitat varieties. The Parishan wetland is the widest wetland among all of the permanent freshw MoreThis paper has performed in order to evaluate the ecological and environmental study of the sensitive area as the international wetland of Parishan in emphasis on species and habitat varieties. The Parishan wetland is the widest wetland among all of the permanent freshwater lagoons in Iran. It was registered in Ramsar convention as the international wetland. Parishan wetland is a part of protective places by area classification in Iran. Having the biological and habitat varieties, weird herbal and animal distributions cause this area to be unique and sensitive ecological place. By climate change and droughts, it is in the worst condition on the view of ecological issues. It was limited to small marginal pools temporarily. With regards to special species, unique herbals, sensitive and vulnerable settlements, ecotourism issues, this research shows that the most important issue in the international wetland of Parishan are climate change and drought in these years which have influenced the bio andndash; habitat variety and herbal animal distributions. On the basis of the results of this research, the international wetland of Parishan has the powerful internal factors totally and a lot of opportunities to rebuild and revival ecologically on the view of the external factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
208 - The Study of Inhalation of OC Pepper Spray on Anxiety-like Behavior in Adult Male Rat
منصوره بهمئی نژاد غلامحسن واعظی حسین عباسپورOC Spray would be utilized when there is unrest and by non-military people for personal defend and defending against animals. All the OC spray products are in flammable. OC is an inflammatory factor and dislike tear-gas this would influence the alcoholists and druggists MoreOC Spray would be utilized when there is unrest and by non-military people for personal defend and defending against animals. All the OC spray products are in flammable. OC is an inflammatory factor and dislike tear-gas this would influence the alcoholists and druggists. The symptoms would be exhibited immediately if this spray contacts mocuses (eyes, nose, throat and the lungs): The eye capillaries would be exhibited and cause the eyes to be blind temporality and result in tracheal tissues to be inflammated and some problems for inhalation but victim is able to breath yet. No comprehensive information are available on inhalation effects of exposing to this spray of time and it level usage on anxiety (fear) behaviors, therefore this study dose intend to consider effect of inhalation OC spray on anxiety (fear) behaviors in rats. The animals used in current study were adult male rats, Wistar strain of weighting 210andplusmn; 20 gr divided into 4 experimental groups and a control group. 6 experimental rats were placed within chamber and were exposed to OC spray for 3 seconds into chamber. The rats were remind for 90 seconds within inhalation room, respectively and were returned to their cagesand after 10, 20, 30 Plus maze was used to measure animal anxiety levels for each of experimental groups after passing go minutes.A Significant rising was observed to consider anxiety measurement levels in experimental groups and comparing them with control group (pandle;0.05). Increasing in OC exposure time as well as passing time would result in rising anxiety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
209 - Identification of native and foreign fish fauna of Fars’s Parishan lake
علیرضا گلچین منشادی حسین نغمه سنج رضا صادقی لیمنجوبIn this study, in order to identify the parishan lake fish fauna, sampling was performed in four seasons during 2009. fish were captured by fishing net and transferred to laboratory of veterinary medicine of Islamic Azad University, kazerun Branch for identification. .T MoreIn this study, in order to identify the parishan lake fish fauna, sampling was performed in four seasons during 2009. fish were captured by fishing net and transferred to laboratory of veterinary medicine of Islamic Azad University, kazerun Branch for identification. .The results showed that 9 fish species live in Parishan lake that in Orderof mean of frequencyare:Capoeta Barroisi persica (25.30±1.45 ),chalcaburnus sellal ( 17.90 ±2.03) ,Barbus luteus (16.04±0.76) ,Cyprinus carpio (17.89±0.45) , Garra rufa obtusa ( 14.19 ±1.04 ) , Carassius carassius (8.64 ±2.77) , Mastacmbelusmastacmbelus (1.23 ±1.07), Lizaabu ( 0.61 ±1.22 ) and Barbus grypus (0.61 ±1.22).Also the frequency of species according to seasons showed that in the spring ,capoeta barrosispersica, In the summer Chalcalburnus sellal ,In the autumn Capoeta barroisi persica and In the winter cyprinous carpio had highest percentage of frequency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
210 - The Relationship Between the Effects of of Sulpride, SCH23390, and L-dopa on the Relative Gene Expression of neuropeptide Y and kisspeptin in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Rat Models
Leila Neghaddadgar Fariba Mahmoudi Saber zahri Alireza PanahiPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with decreased dopamine release and increased secretion of GnRH, kisspeptin and neuropeptide Y (NPY). In the present study, the effects of L-dopa and dopamine receptor antagonists were investigated on the expression o MorePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with decreased dopamine release and increased secretion of GnRH, kisspeptin and neuropeptide Y (NPY). In the present study, the effects of L-dopa and dopamine receptor antagonists were investigated on the expression of KiSS1 and NPY genes in PCOS rats hypothalamus. Following the induction of PCOS by Estradiol Valerate inejction, 25 PCOS rats assigend to 5 groups received saline, L-dopa (100mg/kg), simultaneous injection of SCH23390 (1 mg/kg) and L-dopa (100 mg/kg), simultaneous injection of sulpride (10 mg/kg) and L-dopa (100 mg/kg), and simultaneous injection of SCH23390 (1 mg/kg), sulpride(10 mg/kg) and L-dopa (100 mg/kg) respectively. Five intact rats received saline. Hypothalamus samples were isolated and frozen. The relative expressions of KiSS1 and NPY were determined by real- time-PCR. Data analysis was done by one- way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. The mean relative expression of KiSS1 and NPY significantly increased in PCOS group compared to the healthy rat group (p = 0.009 and p = 0.001, respectively). L-dopa injection caused a significant decrease in the mean relative expression of KiSS1 and NPY compared to the PCOS group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.001 respectively). Simultaneous injections of SCH23390 and sulpride supressed the inhibitory effects of L-dopa on KiSS1 gene expression compared to L-dopa group exerting synergistic effects (p = 0.045). Dopaminergic signaling pathway may play a role in the decrease of GnRH/LH secretion in PCOS rats by inhibiting the kisspeptin and NPY neuronal activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
211 - The Efect of Adding Prebiotic, Synbiotic and Phytobiotic Supplements in the Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Apparent Digestibility of Nutrients and Some Blood Parameters of Fattening Zell Lambs
Mehdi Saravani Mohsen Hajipour Kaveh Jafari Khorshidi Seyed Makan Mousavi Kashani Parvin ShawrangIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male MoreIn this study, the effect of adding prebiotic, synbiotic and phytobiotic supplements in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, apparent digestibility of nutrients and some blood parameters of fattening Zell lambs was investigated. For this purpose, 24 Zell male lambs with an avrage age of about 5 months and an avrage weight of 25.4±0.50 were used for 90 days. The experimental treatments included 1- control group (no supplement), 2- treatment containing 2 g of A-Max prebiotic supplement, 3- treatment containing 4 g of Biomin IMBO synbiotic supplement, and 4- treatment containing 6 g of Bioherbal phytobiotic supplement per head of lamb per day. The growth performance results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental treatments in the fattening weight, dry matter intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). The highest weight at the end of the fattening period, dry matter intake and daily weight gain were observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 6 g of phytobiotic supplement had the lowest feed conversion ratio. The highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, NDF and ADF was observed in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement (p < 0.05). The results of some blood serum parameters showed that there was a significant difference in the concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen between the experimental treatments (p < 0.05). The highest concentration of glucose was in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement, the lowest concentration of cholesterol was in the treatment of 6 g of phytobiotic supplement. Blood urea nitrogen had the lowest concentration in the treatment of 4 g of synbiotic supplement. The treatment with 4 g of synbiotic supplement had the highest hot carcass weight, hot carcass percentage, cold carcass weight, cold carcass percentage, thigh percentage and shoulder percentage (p < 0.05). The present research showed that the addition of 4 g of synbiotic supplement in the diet improved the growth performance, valuable parts of the carcass and the apparent digestibility of nutrients in fattening lambs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
212 - The Effect of Risperidone on the Induction of Psychological Dependence and the Number of Hippocampal Neurons in Adult Male Rats
Zahra Mansouriarani Nasrin Heydariyeh Hamid Reza Banafshe Gholamreza Ghavipanjeh Majid LotfiniaPsychological dependence on substances is the desire to consume substances or something that has pleasurable effects and produces satisfaction. Various substances cause this dependence. Previous studies indicate the possible effect of risperidone on the brain reward sys MorePsychological dependence on substances is the desire to consume substances or something that has pleasurable effects and produces satisfaction. Various substances cause this dependence. Previous studies indicate the possible effect of risperidone on the brain reward system and the involvement of different receptors in conditioned place preference (CPP). Therefore, the present study was designed with the aim of investigating the effect of risperidone on the induction of psychological dependence and the number of hippocampal neurons. For this study, 40 male Wistar rats with a weight range of 230-280 grams were used. Risperidone was injected intraperitoneally with doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg. At the end of the hippocampus experiments, the animals were taken out and fixed by formalin, then cut and after staining, they were used for histological evaluation and neuronal counting. The results of this study showed that the administration of risperidone with a dose of 2 and 4 mg/kg causes a significant increase in CPP (p < 0.05). Also, in histological evaluation, no neuronal destruction was observed in all risperidone groups (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg). According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that risperidone in higher doses causes an increase in conditioned place preference and learning and dependence and should be considered in treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
213 - The Effect of Ginger Extract on Histopathological Changes of the Liver and ALT, AST as well as ALK Enzymes in Azathioprine-Treated Rats
F. Yazdanparast V. Hemayatkhah JahromiAzathioprine has a large application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in organ transplant. Results of studies indicate the adverse effects of this medicine on the liver structure and function. Ginger is a medicinal plant with strong antioxidant properties and MoreAzathioprine has a large application in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in organ transplant. Results of studies indicate the adverse effects of this medicine on the liver structure and function. Ginger is a medicinal plant with strong antioxidant properties and protective effects against various toxins.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ginger extract on liver changes induced by azathioprine in rats. In this experimental study, 56 adult male rats were divided into 7 groups of 8: 1- control (ordinary water and food) 2- Sham (distilled water as a solvent) 3- azathioprine (15 mg / kg) 4- hydroalcoholic extract of ginger (200 mg / kg) 4- Ginger extract hydro-alcoholic (200 mg / kg) 5- Azathioprine (15 mg / kg) with ginger extract (50 mg / kg), 6- Azathioprine (15 mg / kg) with ginger extract (100 mg / Kg) 7- Azathioprine (15 mg / kg) with ginger extract (50 mg / kg). On the 21st day after the start of the experiment and after weighing the animals, blood samples were taken from their hearts and serum concentrations of ALT, AST, ALP were measured. Renal tissue was separated and tissue sections were prepared. Zinger hydroalcoholic extract could protect the liver tissue and reduce the severity of azathioprine degradation effects on liver tissue. The hydroalcoholic extract of ginger had a protective effect on liver tissue due to its antioxidant properties by inhibiting free radicals produced by azathioprine and the extract also decreases the severity of azathioprine degradation effects on liver tissues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
214 - Studying of Epic Characteristic of Jarira , with an Approach to the Theory of Intera-texualism ( Based on the Shahnameh of Ferdowsi, Pre-Islamic Texts and the texts of Islamic Era )
Fatemeh Haji Rahimi Kianoosh BiranvandAbstract Comprehending any story requires information about its present and past resources. Knowing and better understanding the stories of the Shahnameh won't be possible unless one knows the pre-texts and their relationship MoreAbstract Comprehending any story requires information about its present and past resources. Knowing and better understanding the stories of the Shahnameh won't be possible unless one knows the pre-texts and their relationship to each other. The present research which has been done through qualitative method and by descriptive-analytic approach, deals with the fable of Jarira and the narrative related to it in the Shahnameh. The research is based on the theory which in the stage of transferring the mythological characters to the world of epic, the grand goddess of water and land and fairies ( pari ) in the ancient times lose their characteristics by factors such as the transposition of the myths and fading paradisical color and take the form of Jarira in epic. In these surveys which have been done according to historical evidences, it has been tried to prove that it was these narrators and musicians of the courts of Partians and Kushanians who in the era concurrent with the formulation of epic, in re-narrating the qualities and manners of this ancient mythological character have imposed the desired patriarchal society in regard to humiliating ideas about the women. The traits such as her lower personality in the Shahnameh, her beauty, extra humanistic actions and her love affairs, her reproductivity and ultimately her disappearance organize these tenets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - Studying the Devilish Forces in the Mythology of Ancient Iran and its Reflection in the Wayce and Ramin
Ma'sumeh Nazari Ayyub KooshanAbstract Belief in dualism and the opposition of goodness and badness can be seen in the nature, human being and the contrasting forces in the world and in the mythology of ethnics including Indo-European and Aryan tribes. In MoreAbstract Belief in dualism and the opposition of goodness and badness can be seen in the nature, human being and the contrasting forces in the world and in the mythology of ethnics including Indo-European and Aryan tribes. In Zoroastrianism, Ahura Mazda is the omnipotent of goodness , and Ahriman ( devil ) stands at the top of satanic forces.Belief in this dualism, in the mythological and epic works indicates the tenet of mythological man in the division of the world into two areas of goodness and badness. It has been tried, in this paper, to study the satanic forces in the ancient mythology of Iran and its reflection in " The Wayce and Ramin " and answer the question whether these creatures have the signs of satanic manner in the Avesta or not, and have they maintained their self-innovence. The study method is descriptive-analytic. One can conclude from the results that satanic creatures in the wayce and Ramin are adaptable with giant demons in the Avesta and Pahlavi texts; sometimes they are real beings which, with concrete picture are able to function in the mythological world. In this paper, besides the demons posed in the Iranian ancient culture, we've discussed about the other two demons of kindness and destruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
216 - Analysis of Research literature's Discourse of the Iranian Cultural Identity
alireza hosainipakdehi arash heydari yaghobi moradianThis paper aims to study the cultural identity and its crisis-construction in research literature of Iran. For this purpose, reviewing published research text in domestic journal, we analyze the mechanism of their dominant discourse in crisis-construction the concept of MoreThis paper aims to study the cultural identity and its crisis-construction in research literature of Iran. For this purpose, reviewing published research text in domestic journal, we analyze the mechanism of their dominant discourse in crisis-construction the concept of Iranian cultural identity. Studying the relation between cultural identity with globalization, this paper pursue the general solidarity, knotting, text spaces, positive and negative points throughout the text, abstruseness, defaults and tacit meanings of these texts. In second phase, for determining the situation related to existence of crisis in cultural identity, a grounded research is done among 75 students abroad and 75 student inside. The finding show that the cultural identity status inside and outside is against claims based on crisis. The perception about it is resulted from meta-historical and strict approach. The other point illustrates that the domestic pattern is more religious and Islamic than abroad one. Also, there is not a meaningful difference between cultural identities in two sides. But the cultural identity of abroad student is more than domestic one in terms of Iranian elements. Another finding shows that there is not any meaningful difference in the general mark of cultural identity. Finally the quantity finding has been analyzed related to findings of discourse analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
217 - Culture and Cultural Imperialism in Post- Colonial Studies
masoud motallebi Nowadays, post-colonial studies is considered as an interdisciplinary research areas and one of the most serious areas of new studies on the relationship between culture and imperialism, colonialism and cultural heritage in developing countries. One of the main m More Nowadays, post-colonial studies is considered as an interdisciplinary research areas and one of the most serious areas of new studies on the relationship between culture and imperialism, colonialism and cultural heritage in developing countries. One of the main motivations in post-colonial studies is to provide new resistant reading imperialist of Western culture, in its new neo-imperialistic, discourse and materialistic forms. Using a descriptive-analytical methodology, this study aims to answer the question of the approach of post-colonialism toward culture and cultural imperialism and the way it was written. The results show that the most important aim to investigation of the researches done in this area has been "an attempt to be recognized". It means that non-western knowledge and culture should be recognized and it is accepted as dialogue; furthermore, the role and share of non-western people in shaping the world culture should be taken into consideration and appreciated. One condition for fulfilling this purpose is that the policy of "assimilation", especially in the field of culture, is replaced by the policy of "recognizing difference". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - Comparison of effects in different enzymic levels Immnowall indices of growth, survival rate and body composition in (Rutilus firisii kutum) fingerlings
Abbas Barari Mohammad Mehdi Abbaszadeh Rahim Farnia Taghi Mohamamdi Fotemi Mazdak Pakzad Soraki Niloofar Fallah Mohammad Reza ImanpourThis study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of Immnowall on feed intake, weight gain, food conversation ratio, specific growth rate, total length and survival of juvenile Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum. For this purpose, 300 fish were stocked in three replications at MoreThis study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of Immnowall on feed intake, weight gain, food conversation ratio, specific growth rate, total length and survival of juvenile Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum. For this purpose, 300 fish were stocked in three replications at the VENIRO tanks and fed twice daily by 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/Kg of Immnowall for 8 weeks. Results showed that growth factors including: weight gain, specific growth rate, growth rate, feed conversion ratio and body weight index for fish administrated by 0.15 percent Immnowall showed a statistical significant differences (P<0.05) by control. Protein rate increased in probiotic treatment ( 4,5 and 6 with 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 percent Immnowall in diet )of carcass analysis and showed a statistical significant differences (P<0.05) by control. Moreover, fish fed by 0.05 percent Immnowall and 0.15 percent Immnowall multienzyme showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in higher survival rate than control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - اثر تیپرینگ بر وضعیت نیمرخ خلقی کشتی گیران نخبه متعاقب یک دوره تمرین فزاینده
محمد کریمی امیر سرشین سعید کشاورز شاهپور قنبری -
Open Access Article
220 - Evaluation of the incidence and response to treatment of grade three and four periodontal disease in dog and cat
Alireza Jahandideh Azin Malekrah Ali Movahed Ehsan khaksarThe aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and response to treatment of grade 3 and 4 periodontal disease in dogs and cats. The present research is field type and has been conducted in selected environments. In this study, cases related to 200 cases of dogs and MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and response to treatment of grade 3 and 4 periodontal disease in dogs and cats. The present research is field type and has been conducted in selected environments. In this study, cases related to 200 cases of dogs and cats were reviewed and in cases of access to the treatment process of referral bags, the necessary reviews were performed. Evaluations were performed in the form of clinical examinations and questionnaires and the condition of the mouth and teeth, the amount of gingival hyperemia, measuring the depth of the tooth groove, the amount of loose teeth were among the items that were carefully examined by measuring instruments and the depth of the tooth groove. Periodontal probe was measured to assess the grade of the disease. According to the results obtained in this study, it can be stated that the study of factors such as age, racial differences, type of nutrition and the amount of home care can provide comprehensive information about the prevalence and frequency of periodontal disease in dogs and Cats and examining these factors can help in timely diagnosis, treatment and proper prognosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - Application of different nitrogen (organic, chemical and integrated) nutritional systems and biofertilizer on yield components and yield of sunflower seed
Mansour Jalilvand Jahanfar Daneshian Hadi Asadi Rahmani Mohsen YousefiAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of application of different nitrogen and biofertilizer systems on yield and yield components of sunflower seed in a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nitrogen levels as the mai MoreAn experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of application of different nitrogen and biofertilizer systems on yield and yield components of sunflower seed in a split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nitrogen levels as the main factor in five levels including: N1: 100% nitrogen treatment (326 kg / ha urea), N2: 80% nitrogen (260 kg / ha urea), N3: 60% nitrogen (195 kg) Urea), N4: 80% N and 20% of manure (1.3 ton / ha) and N5: 60% N and 40% of manure (2.6 ton / ha) and application of azospirillum Sub-factor titles were considered at four levels: B1: non-application of azospirillum B2: inoculation with azospirillum, B3: foliar solution of azospirillum, B4: inoculation with fungal solution of azospirillum. The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer and azospirillum treatments had significant effect on the studied traits. So that treatment with 100% urea nitrogen source had the highest number of grains per head. Inoculation treatment with foliar application of azospirillium had the highest number of seeds per head. The results also showed that treatment with 100% urea nitrogen and 60% urea nitrogen fertilizer and 40% manure had the highest grain yield. Foliar treatments as well as seed inoculation + azospirillum had the highest grain yield, which were in the same statistical group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - Structural model of the relationship between coping strategies with stress, psychological distress, psychological adjustment, and quality of life in women with breast cancer
Mojgan Keshvari Hasan Ashayeri Sara PashangThe aim of this study was to investigate the structural model of the relationship between coping strategies with stress, psychological distress, psychological adjustment and quality of life in women with breast cancer. The method of this study was correlation (structura MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the structural model of the relationship between coping strategies with stress, psychological distress, psychological adjustment and quality of life in women with breast cancer. The method of this study was correlation (structural equations). The statistical population consisted of breast cancer patients referred to specialized cancer clinics in Tehran between October and December 2019. The sample consisted of 250 breast cancer patients who were selected by voluntary sampling method. Data were obtained through stress coping response questionnaire (CRI), quality of life scale, psychological distress questionnaire (DASS and psychological adjustment questionnaire). The results showed that the direct path of the model from coping strategies to stress to quality of life (β=0.29 P<0.01), psychological distress to quality of life (β=-0.42 P<0.01), psychological adjustment to quality of life (β=0.37 P<0.01) was significant. It can be concluded that the relationship between coping strategies with stress, psychological distress and quality of life in women with breast cancer has a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
223 - Parity Reading Scale Approval in Elementary School Students in Ilam City
Zeynab Mihan DoustAbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic checklist for disintegration readings. The studied population consists of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade students of Ilam city in the academic year of 2010-2010. A sample group of 310 students (136 boys and 174 gir MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic checklist for disintegration readings. The studied population consists of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade students of Ilam city in the academic year of 2010-2010. A sample group of 310 students (136 boys and 174 girls) from elementary school students in Ilam and the suburbs selected by multi-stage sampling method. The research tool is a student reading questionnaire which has 33 questions and is completed by teachers. The coefficient of validity of the test was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha of 0.93. The implementation of the analysis of the main components of the test in this study shows that the test materials are generally correlated with one factor Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - 1
شیرین انصاری مقدم حمید پورشریفی محمدرضا صیرفی مجید ولی زاده -
Open Access Article
225 - Mythological criticism of the symbol fairy and wind in Shahnameh and in the novel of Paribad written by Mohammad Ali Olomi
azar daneshgar masoume zarekohanSince mythological criticism is related to many disciplines such as Anthropology, History of civilization Studies, Theology, Jungian Psychology and Archetypal Studies, it is counted as an interdisciplinary approach. A critic in this genre of criticism studies and MoreSince mythological criticism is related to many disciplines such as Anthropology, History of civilization Studies, Theology, Jungian Psychology and Archetypal Studies, it is counted as an interdisciplinary approach. A critic in this genre of criticism studies and analyzes all the archetypal signs present in the text which had influenced the creation of literary works whether consciously or unconsciously. Paying attention to the application of this approach in recognizing the unconscious values of the text and analysis of its symbolic levels it seems that texts containing mythological references are more prone to this genre of criticism. The novel Paribad written by Mohammad Ali Olomi is one such example. This novel is filled with mythological themes whose author consciously or unconsciously was concerned about. The purpose of this article is to study the important myths of this novel such as fairy, and wind and compare them with their counterparts in Shahnameh using analytic approach. The studies made indicates that these concepts were mentioned in Shahnameh regarded as pre-text and the author of the novel tries to reintroduce these myths in his work. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Are fairy tales addressed to Children?
Afsaneh Varasteh farBerno Betelheim in “Psychoanalysis of fairy tales “provides a psychoanalytic interpretation of the fairy tales. This book immediately after publishing in the West received a wide range of readers. Inspired by Freud, Berno Betelheim in this work, MoreBerno Betelheim in “Psychoanalysis of fairy tales “provides a psychoanalytic interpretation of the fairy tales. This book immediately after publishing in the West received a wide range of readers. Inspired by Freud, Berno Betelheim in this work, psychoanalyses the elements of the tales, demonstrates how these tales help to solve childhood problems, and facilitates the growth of child’s character. In this article, attempt is made to use a sociological approach to show that at a time when the society did not have an understanding of childhood, it was not feasible to tell stories and fairy tales for children. Also, a psychoanalytic interpretation of childhood belongs to a modern society whereas these tales appeared well before the modern times. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Lessons from Mowlana
sayed Ali Mohammad SadjadiMowlana's Masnavi, the great masterpiece of Persian Poetry has been appreciated from the very beginning especially in the very recent years. As with any work of art, the possibilities of a great poem is never exhausted. It's loveliness and its significance increases, an MoreMowlana's Masnavi, the great masterpiece of Persian Poetry has been appreciated from the very beginning especially in the very recent years. As with any work of art, the possibilities of a great poem is never exhausted. It's loveliness and its significance increases, and its value to the reader increases as the reader himself continues to develop. With great Poetry, there is no saturation point: It is a 'joy for ever'. In this article attempt is made to introduce three concepts, namely "Seize the Day", "Sanctuary of God, and "Gift of friendship" drawn from the great work of Masnavi Manavi. The common basis of this selection is their application in everyday lives of the people irrespective oftime and place. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - The Effectiveness of Group Emotional Schema Therapy on Decreasing Psychological Distress and Difficulty in Emotional Regulation in Divorced Women
haniye mohammadi zohre Sepehri Shamloo mohammad javad asghari ebrahim abadThe existence of multiple crises in human life and the effects that make it necessary to study the damage and the positive consequences of it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative aspects of spiritual components in post-traumatic individuals. To MoreThe existence of multiple crises in human life and the effects that make it necessary to study the damage and the positive consequences of it. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative aspects of spiritual components in post-traumatic individuals. To this end, a qualitative research was conducted using the grounded theory of 50 people with disabilities resulting from car crashes that had been at least two years of their disability and assessed for post-traumatic growth. Twelve subjects with the highest scores in post-traumatic growth were interviewed in the semi-structured group. After the interview, open and axial analysis and coding were performed. 83 open codes and 23 axial codes. Among these core codes, which constitute the spiritual components of individuals who grow up after injury, one can refer to the belief in the purposefulness of creation, the hope of the hereafter, the belief in the existence of divine wisdom. This research has provided a new understanding of the dimensions of spiritual growth in post-traumatic human-induced Iranian culture. The presence of these components in the developed population can be explained with cases such as type of injury, change in life due to crisis, events that occurred during the crisis, cultural, social and religious context of the studied population. These components can be used to treat and facilitate growth in affected individuals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - The effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment in reducing distress and inefficient attitudes in patients with MS
Shovan Sheydayi Aghdam Salvi Shamseddini lory Somaye Abassi Sara Yosefi Safiye Abdollahi Mohammad Moradi jooMultiple sclerosis is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination of nerve neurons. This disease causes the person to have stress, depression and distress and affects the sensory and motor function. The aim of this study w MoreMultiple sclerosis is the most common chronic disease of the central nervous system associated with demyelination of nerve neurons. This disease causes the person to have stress, depression and distress and affects the sensory and motor function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of treatment based on acceptance and commitment in reducing dysfunctional thoughts and the distress of MS patients. For this purpose, 24 people were selected from the patients who referred to Imam Khomeini hospital in Tehran. They were randomly divided into two groups of experiment and control. Both groups were tested both before and after the training sessions and 2 months later, in terms of the amount of distress and dysfunctional thoughts. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions of treatment based on acceptance and commitment. The control group did not undergo any training. The results of analysis of covariance indicted that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing dysfunctional thoughts and distress in patients with multiple sclerosis. Therefore, using this method patients are helped to reduce distress, dysfunctional thoughts and the spread of distress and dysfunctional thoughts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - Comparison of physical symptoms in people with low and high psychological distress Patients Disease
Shahram Vaziri Shoan Shaydayi Aghdam Laya No0bakht Mansoureh Khalili Yashar Vaziri Roya Masumi Arash VaziriPsychological distress may be deemed as a type of abnormality that is responsible for maladaptive thinking and behavior, and requires specialized intervention. In such conditions, the passion of life is reduced, and feeling of heartbreaking and disappointment is convert MorePsychological distress may be deemed as a type of abnormality that is responsible for maladaptive thinking and behavior, and requires specialized intervention. In such conditions, the passion of life is reduced, and feeling of heartbreaking and disappointment is converted to a dominant governance. This research aims to compare the somatization syndrome in people with low and high psychological distress. For this purpose, in a cross-sectional research, thousands of the parents of students of Roudehen Branch were selected and assessed in terms of distress and somatization syndrome. Later, 28% of the highest and lowest distress scores were compared singly and as group with high and low distress with regards to somatization elements. The results of one-way analysis of variance indicated that two groups have significant difference with each other in somatization and its elements (physical pain, backache, pain in hands and arms, headache, chest pain, confusion, fainting, heartbeat, panting, pain or problem during sexual relationship, constipation, diarrhea, loose bowel, nausea, bloating, dyspepsia, fatigue and low energy, sleep problems). The findings demonstrate the high distress of patients infected with psychosomatic problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - Identity Styles and Psychological Distress
Shahram Vazari Farah Lotfi KashniFormation of identity entails the integration of skills, world view and identification which emerges as a relatively cohesive, unique and differentiated whole. An integrated explanatory self which identifies the individual’s thought and behavior and can be regarde MoreFormation of identity entails the integration of skills, world view and identification which emerges as a relatively cohesive, unique and differentiated whole. An integrated explanatory self which identifies the individual’s thought and behavior and can be regarded as the underlying arena for psychological distress. The research purpose was to investigate the relationship between identity styles and psychological distress. Therefore, in a descriptive-correlative study, 3245 college students (1703 male students and 1534 female students) were tested with regard to the identity styles and psychological distress. The correlation results of the scores indicated that information-oriented style, normative style and identity commitment are significantly negatively correlated to psychological distress; however, diffuse-avoidant style was significantly, positively correlated to psychological distress. It seems that, individuals who adopt diffuse-avoidant style delay decision-making on their identity and gradually these maladaptive and avoidant strategies give rise to distress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Predicting internet based psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation and loneliness in adults.
khadije zare Somayyeh Rostampor امید امانیInternet addiction is a serious public health problem worldwide. Recent studies indicate the increasing trend of this addiction in adults; Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to predict Internet addiction based on psychological well-being, psychological MoreInternet addiction is a serious public health problem worldwide. Recent studies indicate the increasing trend of this addiction in adults; Therefore, the present study was conducted in order to predict Internet addiction based on psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation, and feelings of loneliness in adults. The current research method is a description of the correlation type and the sample of the study was 200 adult citizens of Tabriz city in 1400-1401 as available sampling. Internet addiction questionnaires by Young (1998), Riff's psychological well-being (2002), Kessler's psychological distress (2002), difficulty in emotion regulation by Ramer and Gratz (2004) and Russell's feeling of loneliness (1996) were used to collect data. It was analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that among the four predictive variables (variables of psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation and loneliness of adults), three variables of psychological well-being, psychological distress and emotion regulation were able to predict Internet addiction (p<0.05). The direction of the relationship between psychological well-being and Internet addiction was negative, and the direction of the relationship between psychological distress and emotion regulation and Internet addiction was positive. Findings showed that loneliness could not predict Internet addiction. The findings of the present research show the importance of psychological variables such as psychological well-being, psychological distress, emotion regulation, in explaining addictive behaviors such as Internet addiction in adults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - Savory morphophysological traits affected by methanol and ethanol foliar application
Hassan Nourafcan Mahtab PouyanfarSavory (Satureja hortensis L.) has various applications in traditional medicine. Alcohol spraying on plants foliage is considered as one of the new methods for improvement of their growth and yield. In current study, the effect of methanol and ethanol spraying on morpho MoreSavory (Satureja hortensis L.) has various applications in traditional medicine. Alcohol spraying on plants foliage is considered as one of the new methods for improvement of their growth and yield. In current study, the effect of methanol and ethanol spraying on morphological and physiological traits of savory has been studied in pot conditions based on completely randomized design with 10 treatments including spray concentrations of 10, 20, 30 and 40% (v/v) methanol and ethanol, distilled water and no spraying. Ethanol and methanol spraying specially in 40% concentration could be improving in most of studied traits. Ethanol 40% had a positive role in increasing of leaf dry and fresh weight, crown diameter, plant and stem fresh weight and methanol 40% was effective in plant and shoot dry weight, plant height and leaf number improvement. Increasing in alcohol concentrations caused chlorophyll content increment, but not leaf length. Also, spraying with distilled water and methanol caused more crown distance to first node; but less canopy width. Therefore, implementation of methanol and ethanol solutions is recommending increasing growth and growth indices of savory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
234 - Soil and mineralogical characteristics of rangeland around Parishan Lake of Kazeroon, Fars province
abolfazl azadi Sirous Shakeri Somayyeh ShahamatpoorThe purpose of this research was to study the morphological, physico-chemical and mineralogical properties in different physiographic units of rangeland soils of Parishan lake area in Kazeroon, Fars province with soil temperature and moisture regimes of ustic and MoreThe purpose of this research was to study the morphological, physico-chemical and mineralogical properties in different physiographic units of rangeland soils of Parishan lake area in Kazeroon, Fars province with soil temperature and moisture regimes of ustic and hyperthermic, respectively. To this end, four representative soil profiles were selected on plateaus, hills, piedmont plain and low land physiographic units. Laboratorial studies were carried out on each soil sample after being air- dried, compacted and sieved by a two-millimeter sieve. Based on the laboratorial data, the soils of the area were classified as Entisoils and Inceptisoils with ochric epipedon and calcic and gypsic subsurface horizons. The result showed that soil factors have not had a significant impact on soil evolution and development in the lands under study in Parishan lake, which are located in four physiographic units and under rangeland use due to the low rainfall and calcareous soils. It seems that among the five soil forming factors, topography and time have played more prominent role. The XRD data for the less than 2 μm fractions of the studied soils indicated that the soils were similar in their clay mineralogy, mainly consisted of illite, smectite, chlorite and palygorskite but were different in content. Illite and chlorite were higher in plateau and higher content of smectite was observed in low land unit due to low drainage condition. The source of smectite mineral of the area soils can be inheritance, neoformation and transformation. Chlorite, illite and quartz are inherited and the resource of palygorskite is mainly inheritance and neoformation in the presence of gypsum and calcit. Finally, most of the soil's chemical properties, including organic matter, EC and gypsum, have had an increasing trend from the plateau physiographic unit to the low land. Manuscript profile
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