• List of Articles planting

      • Open Access Article

        1 - The effect of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farm on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice (Oryza sativa L.) production cultivars Sangtarom
        mohammad reza Khodadadi Balanaghibi بهرام حيدرنيا سماکوش
        To investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experime More
        To investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experiment was conducted on a field in Babol, in 2008. Split factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. In this experiment four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 from the urea fertilizer source) were used as main factor and sub factor, including the first two planting densities (120 and 40 plants per square meter respectively, sowing pattern 10 × 8.3 and 16.6 × 15 cm square). For the second factor two planting methods frutescence (single seedling) and univalve (3 seedlings or bud), were used respectively. The result of experiment indicated that maximum ratoon production consumption, respectively 46 and 92 kg N ha-1, also the maximum ratoon production obtained under density 120 plants in square meter and with the three seedlings could create an increase in some functional components, such as the number of panicles in square meter, in the total number of spikelet in panicle, in the number of filled spikelet and in the weight of thousands seeds. Also the quality of amiluze under the consumption of 92 kg N ha-1 by density 120 plants in square meter and also under the condition of univalve planting (3 seedlings) reached to its maximum value. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The effect of sowing date and plant density on morphological traits in advanced lines of bread wheat in Moghan region
        Mehdi Mehrpouyan
        To study the effects of different planting dates and plant density on morphological traits of two wheat lines an experiment was performed at Moghan Agricultural Research Center in 2008. The experiment was done in split-split plot design .Four planting dates (November 6‚ More
        To study the effects of different planting dates and plant density on morphological traits of two wheat lines an experiment was performed at Moghan Agricultural Research Center in 2008. The experiment was done in split-split plot design .Four planting dates (November 6‚ November 21‚ December 6 and December 21) were assigned to plot‚ two wheat varieties to sub plot and four seed density (300‚ 350‚400 and 450 grain per square meter) to sub subplot with three replications. The results showed that the November 6th planting with 7397 kg/h was one of the best planting times based on grain yield. There was significant difference among wheat varieties based on harvest index‚ number of spikelet‚ plat height and panicle length with the probability of %1‚and with regard to the number of grain in a panicle this difference was around %5. Regarding those features there were not significant differences between Arta and Moghan-3. Different Grain densities for grain yield‚ panicle length and number of grain in the panicle in the %5 probability were significant. Seed density of 350 per square meter was 7170 kg/m‚ panicle of 9.08 and 42.43 grain in a panicle. Also‚ the effect of planting time on grain yield‚ harvest index‚number of tillers‚ and peduncle length was significant. The correlation of variety and density on grain yield was meaning full‚ too. Third planting date‚ and second density had the best results in grain yield. Although variety was not of significant for grain yield‚ Moghan-3 had more grain yield compared to Arta. For Moghan-3 variety third planting time and for Arta the first planting time seems the best. We also made the correlation between variety density significant so that Moghan-3 variety in second density and Arta variety in third density produced the most grain yield. Finally‚ based on these experiment results it is recommended to plant Moghan-3 with 350 seed density in a square meter in the first half of November and Arta with 400 seed density in the second half of November. In this study the correlation between grain yield and fertile tiller was found to be positive but non-significant‚ with the number of spike lets negative and non-significant. So it is useful to use ideal fertile tiller varieties when we want to choose suitable planting varieties. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Effect of planting dates ,seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil (Lens culinaris) genotype in Northern Khorasan dry land condition.
        Seyed Morteza Azimzadeh
        To study the effect of planting dates, seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil genotype (Filip 92– 12L), an experiment was conducted in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan during 2008 cropping season. The experiment was More
        To study the effect of planting dates, seed rates and row spacing on grain yield and yield components of a lentil genotype (Filip 92– 12L), an experiment was conducted in research farm of Islamic Azad University of Shirvan during 2008 cropping season. The experiment was performed as split factorial on the basis of randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Planting dates were autumn and spring which located in main plot. Seed rates included, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 seed per square meter and each seed rate planted in four row spacing of 15, 20, 25 and 30 centimeters. Seed rates and row spacing located in sub plots as factorial. Recorded traits were, biological yield, grain yield, thousand kernel weights, number of pod per plant and number of seed per plant. Results showed that the highest number of pod per plant (19) and The highest number of seed per plant (22) produced in seed rate of 250 seed/m2 and row distance of 15 cm. Seed yield in row distance of 15 cm and seed densities of 250 and 300 seed/m2 in were respectively 1130 and 1200 kg/h and the most biological yield obtained from row distance of 15 cm and seed rate of 300 seed/m2. In terms of planting date, the highest seed yield was observed in seed rate of 250 seed/m2 in autumn planting. According to the results, seed rate of 250 seed/m2 with row spacing of 15 cm is advisable for autumn or spring planting of lentil and totally autumn planting is more suitable. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Effect of Planting Date and Weed Control Methods on Yield and Vegetative Traits of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Khoy Region
        مجتبي اكبري sasan rezadust
        To determine the effects of planting date and different methods of weed control on the agronomic traits of sunflower, an experiment was carried out in Khandizaj region Khoy in year 2009. A factorial experiment based on a Randomized Complete Blocks Design with four repli More
        To determine the effects of planting date and different methods of weed control on the agronomic traits of sunflower, an experiment was carried out in Khandizaj region Khoy in year 2009. A factorial experiment based on a Randomized Complete Blocks Design with four replications was conducted. Experimental parameters consisted of planting date in three levels (April 4th, May 5th and June 5th) and methods of weed control in five levels (Trifluralin + Focus, Trifluralin + Nabo-S, Trifluralin, hand weeding and the without control). The results indicated that the date of planting and weed control methods had meaningful effects on the following features: Bush height, Stem diameter, biological yield and grain and oil yields. However, oil percentage was affected by the date of planting. The most important weeds included: common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.), field bind weed (Convolvulus arvensis L.), bastard cabbage (Rapistrum rugosum L.), flower-of-an-hour (Hibiscus trionum L.), cockspur grass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) and green bristl grass (Setaria viridis L.). It was observed that in different planting dates, the dry material weight was varied in each one of the species. So on April the 4th, the dry material weight of common lambsquarter and bastard cabbage, in the third planting date dry material weight of cockspur grass, green bristl and flower-of-an-hour were the highest. Trifluralin herbicide was weaker than hand weeding in the case of Convolvulus and Hibiscus. Among two post emergence herbicides Nabo-S and Focus, there were not statistically significant difference in the control of thin leaf weeds. The interaction of two factors on features like bush height, stem diameter, grain yield, biological yield, oil yield and weeds dry material weight was significant. In conclusion, the current research demonstrated that 5th of May planting and using pre-emergence herbicide Trifluralin and post-emergence herbicides Focus and Nabo-S were suitable for maximum growth rate in this region. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Simulation of growth and yield and evaluation of rice production productivity under irrigation management and planting date using Aquacrop model
        Pooya Aalaee Bazkiaee ‌‌‌‌Behnam Kamkar Ebrahim Amiri Hossein Kazemi Mojtaba Rezaei Soheil Akbarzadeh
        In order to evaluate the Aquacrop model and investigate the productivity of rice production under irrigation management and planting date, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out on a local cultivar (H More
        In order to evaluate the Aquacrop model and investigate the productivity of rice production under irrigation management and planting date, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications was carried out on a local cultivar (Hashemi) in Rice Research Institute of Iran, in Rasht during 2016-2017. Irrigation interval was considered as the main factor in four levels including full flooding, 5, 10 and 15 days irrigation intervals, and transplanting date was assigned to subplots at three levels (April, 21st, May, 11th and May, 31st). Simulated and observed values of grain yield and biological yield were evaluated based on coefficient of determination, T-test, root mean square error (RMSE), Model efficiency (EF), mean bias error (MBE) and normalized root mean square error (RMSEn). The results showed that normalized root mean square error of the grain yield and biological yield were 9% and 5%, respectively. Based on the productivity and reduction in the yield of rice, flooding irrigation was the most efficient in April, 21th planting date. According to the correlation coefficient upper than 0.7 and Model efficiency upper than 0.6, the AquaCrop model had a good accuracy in simulating grain yield and biological yield, therefore AquaCrop model can be used to support the results of experiments under irrigation management conditions and different planting dates. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Applying ANN and GIS for estimation of effective parameters in determination of plant pattern (Case Study: Nahavand City)
        Hossein Banejad Hamid Mohebzadeh Ehsan Olyaie
        AbstractOne of the most important issues in irrigated agriculture is determination of optimum plant pattern.Therefore, estimation of effective parameters in quality and quantity of available water is significantand is one of the most important components in adoption of More
        AbstractOne of the most important issues in irrigated agriculture is determination of optimum plant pattern.Therefore, estimation of effective parameters in quality and quantity of available water is significantand is one of the most important components in adoption of management decisions in development ofsustainable agriculture. In this study, Artificial Neural Networks technique has been used forestimation of piezometer wells water level and also effective factors for water quality used inagriculture (EC, SAR). For this purpose, monthly recorded data for piezometer wells water levelduring a seven year and data related with water quality during a four years period in Nahavand plainwere used. Also, a groundwater level in Nahavand in year of 1385-86 was drawn. Efficiency of modelwas evaluated by statistical criteria including coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error(RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The derived results showed that R2 value for estimation ofpiezometer wells water level is 0.98 and for SAR and EC is 0.991 and 0.990 respectively. The aboveresults indicated the appropriate ability of Artificial Neural Networks as superior technique forsimulation of effective quality and quantity parameters in determination of plant pattern. Also theresults from spatial drowning of groundwater level by Geographic Information System indicated theshortage of water resource in this region Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The Cost Benefit Analysis of the Phenomenon of Dust Storm Does the Tree Planting of Khuzestan Province have Economic Justification?
        Amir Hossein Montazer-Hojat Hasan Farazmand Neamat Ollah Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard Donya Amoury
        Background and purpose: Since 2004, dust storm has become a major problem in Khuzestan province, and the need for attention and action to solve this problem has increased. For this reason, the tree planting of the acute centers of fine dust to control this phenomenon wa More
        Background and purpose: Since 2004, dust storm has become a major problem in Khuzestan province, and the need for attention and action to solve this problem has increased. For this reason, the tree planting of the acute centers of fine dust to control this phenomenon was placed on the agenda of the organization of forests, pastures and wetlands of Khuzestan province.Research method: In this study, using cost-benefit analysis, the tree planting plan of acute origins of Khuzestan province was evaluated from an economic perspective. For this purpose, the benefits of the implementation of this policy were considered as a reduction in heart and respiratory diseases, which was compared with the current value of planting and tree planting costs.Findings: The results of this study showed that the criterion of net present value (NPV) is positive and the ratio of benefits to costs (B/C) is greater than one.Discussion and conclusion: according to the obtained results, the implementation of this policy has an economic justification. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Effect of weed management methods on agronomic traits, yield and yield components of Neda and aerobic rice cultivars under seeding and transplanting methods
        parvin hejazirad Javid Gherekhloo Ali Moumeni naser bagherani Ebrahim Zeinali Afshin Soltani
        The present study was conducted in 2018 at research farm of Dashte-Naz, Sari to evaluate the effect of weed management methods on yield and yield components of Aerobic and Neda cultivars of rice under seeding and transplanting conditions. This experiment was conducted a More
        The present study was conducted in 2018 at research farm of Dashte-Naz, Sari to evaluate the effect of weed management methods on yield and yield components of Aerobic and Neda cultivars of rice under seeding and transplanting conditions. This experiment was conducted as combined analysis in places with three replications. The factors included planting method (seeding, transplanting), genotype including aerobic line and Neda and weed management (as the place) including 1-hand weeding (weed-free), 2-control (weed-infested), 3-bispyribac sodium, 4-pendimethalin, 5-traifamone, 6-bispyribac sodium+pendimethalin and 7-triafamone+pendimethalin. The results showed that the highest number of fertile tillers compared to control was associated with the hand weeding treatment and panicle length in the aerobic genotype was higher compared to Neda. The most filled grain number was obtained in hand weeding under seeding conditions followed by bispyribacsodium+pendimethalin and triafamone+pendimethalin. The amount of empty grains were higher under transplanting method compared to seeding. Also, the highest yield in both Neda and the aerobic genotype was observed in hand weeding followed by bispyribacsodium+pendimethalin and triafamone+pendimethalin. Considering labor costs and time consuming nature of hand weeding, applying the combination of the studied herbicides is recommended to improve agronomic traits of rice. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Modeling and Design of a Disk-Type Furrow Opener’s Coulter Its Mechanical Analysis and Study for No-Till Machinery (Combination and Bertini)
        J. Ghezavati M. Abbasgholipour B. Mohammadi Alasti A. Shirneshan A. Shadkam
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Using a network analysis process in the restore of low yielding and abounded dry farming lands with range planting (Case study: Balekhli Chay watershed)
        Masoomeh Abbasi Khalaki Ardavan Ghorbani Farid Dadjou
        In this study, ecological conditions were investigated in five criteria; climatic, topography, geomorphology, soil and land use, with the defined sub-criteria in order to determine the most important factors in locating the capable dry farming lands and determining the More
        In this study, ecological conditions were investigated in five criteria; climatic, topography, geomorphology, soil and land use, with the defined sub-criteria in order to determine the most important factors in locating the capable dry farming lands and determining the priority areas for planting. Then a questionnaire was designed and completed by 10 experts to give score the criteria and sub-criteria. The results showed that among the main effective factors, the topography and the climate had the highest effects, respectively, with a weight of 0.43 and 0.26, and soil and land use factors are the next priorities. The geomorphologic factor has the lowest effect of 0.60 weights. After preparing the base maps, these layers and weights of the network analysis process model were combined together with GIS and the restore potential map was obtained in five classes. The results showed that 19165 hectares of low-yielding and abandoned dry-farming lands (35.32%) have the highest potential for restoration. The lowland area is 3445 hectares and 5.81 percent has very low potential. In general, according to the results, 75.54 percent of these lands have a medium to the high potential for restoration. This percentage represents higher capacity and efficiency of the region to range planting and rehabilitation of low yielding and abandoned dry-farming lands. Therefore, this method can be used in determining the most suitable dry-farming lands for restoration and forage planting and returning these lands to rangelands so that the success of the development projects of the dry-farming lands is further enhanced. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - Comparison of Mechanical, Agronomic and Chemical Methods for Control of Echinochloa Crus-galli, Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis Weeds of Corn Fields
        Ahad Madani Amirhossein Fiuzi Masoud Amini
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1944020.1049
        In order to evaluate the efficiency of non-chemical and chemical methods and their simultaneous use to control of weeds (Echinochloa Crus-galli, Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis) in maize, a split plot experiment was conducted in the randomized complete b More
        In order to evaluate the efficiency of non-chemical and chemical methods and their simultaneous use to control of weeds (Echinochloa Crus-galli, Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis) in maize, a split plot experiment was conducted in the randomized complete block design in three replications and implemented at Varamin-Iran. The main factor (A) was non-chemical treatments consisted of three levels: AM: Irrigation before sowing (agronomic), AC: cultivator (mechanical) and A0 (without agronomic or mechanical operations). Sub-factor was (H) of chemical treatments include three levels of HFS (Foramsulfuron (at a rate of two liters per hectare, HNS (nicosulfuron at a rate of 1.5 liters per hectare), HA + G (atrazine and Gazaprim) and H0 (manual weeding by hand), respectively. The number of Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis weeds (compared to the control) decreased by about 90% with the irrigation before sowing (Am) or cultivator (AC), and the increase in yield (compared to the control) was about 55-60%. While the non-chemical treatments (agro-mechanical) had no effect on reducing the number of Echinochloa Crus-galli weed. Nicosulfuron herbicide, similar to hand weeding (H0), controlled more than 90% of the Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis weeds, but only 70% of the Amaranthus Retroflexus and Convolvulus Arvensis weeds. There was no significant difference in terms of corn grain yield (8000-8500 kg / ha) between hand weeding (H0) and nicosulforn herbicide (HNS) in plots in with agro-mechanical operations. However, in plots where agro-mechanical operations (A0) were not performed, hand weeding (H0) had 12.5% ​​higher corn grain yield compared to Nicosoluren herbicide application (HNS). Therefore, for Echinochloa Crus-galli, a combination of Irrigation-nicosulfuron and cultivator-nicosulfuron treatments is proposed. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        12 - A Study on the Effect of Nano-Fertilizer Foliar and Cultivation Date on Growth and Yield of Potato Santeh Cultivar
        Amir Khodadadi Karkoki Mohammadreza Yavarzadeh Mohammadmehdi Akbarian Ali akbar Askari
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1956289.1069
        Given the growing population of the world, meeting the nutritional and medicinal needs of plant products is very important. It is very important to pay attention to the effects of cultivation date and suitable cultivation area in order to provide the nutrients needed by More
        Given the growing population of the world, meeting the nutritional and medicinal needs of plant products is very important. It is very important to pay attention to the effects of cultivation date and suitable cultivation area in order to provide the nutrients needed by plants to achieve high yield and desired quality crops. One of the most important factors in the growth and yield of potatoes is nutrition and determining the appropriate planting date according to the geographical area, which is one of the main objectives of the present study. The research was conducted as a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in Jihad Keshavarzi research farms located in Islamabad, Zahkloot and Kerman provinces. The main factor of geographical areas in the stages of flowering and tuber filling and the sub-factor including two planting dates (October 5 and 25) were examined. The results showed that the results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of area treatment, culture date and foliar application on the concentration of chlorophyll an and leaf carotenoids was significant. While it was not significant on chlorophyll b concentration. All bilateral effects except region on planting date were significant in chlorophyll a but not significant on tripartite effect. The highest concentration of chlorophyll a (34.1 mg / g fresh leaf) was obtained in foliar application of 1% iron nanoparticles with 2% magnesium nanoparticles Manuscript profile
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        13 - The Effect of Conventional and Conservation Tillage Methods on the Improvement of Wheat Yield in Different Planting Dates and Seeding Rates
        Nosratolla Haidarpour Raham Mohtashami Amin Namdari
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1962341.1078
        Production in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to c More
        Production in areas under rainfed cultivation is always associated with different constraints that among them, changes in precipitation and air temperature from year to year are widespread and uncontrollable. In this regard, the current study was conducted in order to compare conservation and conventional tillage methods on wheat yield in sowing dates before and after effective autumn rainfall. The experiment was carried out as split-split plots based on a randomized complete block design with 3 repetitions in two years 2018 to 2020. Experimental treatments included planting time as main plots with two levels D1= before rainfall and D2= after rainfall tillage method as sub-plots including T1= conservative and T2= conventional and seeding rate as sub-sub-plots including S1= 200, S2=300 and S3= 400 seeds. The results demonstrated that although the planting date and seeding rate had no significant effect on the studied traits, the values obtained from the cultivation before rainfall and under 300 and 400 seeding rates were remarkably better. Tillage method caused a significant difference in grain yield and biomass of treatments 3634 and 8394 kg. ha-1, respectively, whereas conventional tillage the values were 2819 and 6114 kg. ha-1. Conservation tillage and cultivation before rainfall associated by using 300 seeds/m2 led to the highest values in number of plants, spikes, and 1000-grain weight compared to conventional method and cultivation before rainfall. Consequently, considering the cost of production, pre-autumn rainfall sowing under conservation tillage and with a 300 seeds/m2 is recommended for Gachsaran region. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        14 - The Effect of Different Planting Patterns on Yield Changes and Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Sugarcane in the South of Khuzestan
        Abdulazim Hamid Shahram Lak Mani Mojaddam
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1965302.1085
        The method of sugarcane cultivation is generally affected by mechanization conditions and has always faced the problem of long distances between cultivation rows. On the other hand, its asexual cultivation through the cultivation of cuttings and influencing the characte More
        The method of sugarcane cultivation is generally affected by mechanization conditions and has always faced the problem of long distances between cultivation rows. On the other hand, its asexual cultivation through the cultivation of cuttings and influencing the characteristics of the cuttings does not provide the possibility of precise control of the planting density. Therefore, it is necessary to review the pattern of sugarcane cultivation and of course, keeping in mind the limitations of mechanization. In order to investigate the effect of planting pattern on the yield changes and quantitative and qualitative traits of sugarcane variety CP57-614 in the crop year of 2013-2014 in the Amirkabir Sugarcane Cultivation and Industry Company in the South of Khuzestan, a research was carried out in the form of a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The investigated treatment was the planting pattern in six levels (including planting distance of 180 cm in two rows (control), planting distance of 180 cm in one row, planting distance of 150 cm in one row, planting distance of 90 cm in one row, planting distance of 180 cm in three rows on the stack, the planting distance was 180 cm, three rows of atmospheric soil) which were randomly placed in the plots. The treatments of 90 cm in one row and 180 cm in two rows produced the highest yields of 104.21 and 86.533 tons per hectare, and in total, they were superior to other treatments in terms of the investigated traits. The three-row cultivation treatments were not favorable either in terms of cuttings consumption or yield, compared to other treatments. Based on the obtained results, none of the studied cultivation methods were superior to each other in terms of quality characteristics. Manuscript profile
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        15 - Assess Using Paclobutrazol in Reducing Negative Effects of Late Sowing of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars
        Neda Bakhtiyarinejad Mehran Mombeini Abdollah Bahrani Mahroo Mojtabaie Zamani
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        16 - Effect of Terminal Drought Stress on Seed Yield and Its Components of Rapeseed Cultivars
        Peyman Davami Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Davood Habibi Afshin Mozaffari
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        17 - Podagrica Uniforma and Nisota dilecta (Coleoptera: Chrysomalidae) Infesta-tion on Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Response to Nutrient Sources
        Jacobs Adesina Kayode Ileke Raphael Adebayo
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        18 - Effects of Planting Dates on Yield and Yield Component of Mini-Tuber Potato Cultivars in Ardabil Region
        A. Abde Emani M.B. Khorshidi Benam D. Hassanpanah Sh. Azizi
        In order to determine the most suitable planting date for maximum production of seed tuber yield in potato cultivars, this experiment performed with four potato cultivars (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Ceaser) at four planting dates (April 9th, April 30th, May 20th and Ju More
        In order to determine the most suitable planting date for maximum production of seed tuber yield in potato cultivars, this experiment performed with four potato cultivars (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Ceaser) at four planting dates (April 9th, April 30th, May 20th and June 10th) by using split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2009. During growth stage, the traits were like plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield were measured. Analysis of variance from measured traits showed that planting dates and cultivars in traits like plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield and interaction of between cultivar × planting date plant height, main stem number per plant and tuber number per plant were significantly different. The highest total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height and main stem number per plant were obtained from second planting date (April 30th) and the lowest from latest planting date (June 10th). The difference between total and marketable tuber yield in the second planting date (April 30th) as compared with the latest planting date (June 10th) was 13.35 ton ha-1. Savalan had the highest plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield. Relationship of total tuber yield with plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and marketable tuber yield were positive and significant.According to the results, planting date of April 30th was suitable for maximum production of tuber yield of cultivar Sabalan. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Evaluation of Quantitative Traits of Potato Cultivars in the Spring Cultivation and after Barley Harvest Plantings in Ardabil Region
        D. Hassanpanah H. Hassanabadi
        This study was carried out during two years (2009 and 2010) at the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil, Iran. In this study, 12 early growing (Marfona, Sinora, Fontane, Oshina and Natasha), moderately late growing (Satina, Markies and Arcona) a More
        This study was carried out during two years (2009 and 2010) at the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil, Iran. In this study, 12 early growing (Marfona, Sinora, Fontane, Oshina and Natasha), moderately late growing (Satina, Markies and Arcona) and late growing (Luta, Agria, Savalan and Caesar) potato cultivars were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates in two separate experiments (spring planting and planting after harvesting barley). Analysis of variance of traits measured showed that three were significant difference between planting types, among cultivars and their interaction in both total and marketable tuber yields, tuber number and weight per plant; interaction between year×planting types, cultivars× planting types, year×cultivar and year×cultivar× planting type, average tubers size and among cultivars for plant height and main stem number per plant. Luta, Markies and Fontane cultivars had high total and marketable tuber yields and tuber weight per plant in spring planting, Arcona, Markies, Marfona and Luta cultivars in after barley harvest planting during 2009, Agria, Luta, Savalan and Caesar cultivars in spring planting and Luta, Savalan and Agria cultivars in after barley harvest planting during 2010. Relationship between total tuber yield with marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant and tuber size average were significant and positive. Tuber weight per plant had the most direct positive effect on the total tuber yield. It was also found that Savalan, Luta, Satina, Markies and Fontane (late and moderately late growing types) as high yielder and stable cultivars; Agria (moderately late growing) were to be as high yielder but unstable cultivars; Caesar (late growing type) as low yield but stable cultivar and Sinora, Oshina, Arcona, Natasha and Marfona as low yielder but unstable cultivars. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        20 - Evaluation of Durum Wheat Lines for Tolerance to Early Season Cold via Early Planting
        V. Rashidi N. Effat doost A. Biroonara A. Babazadeh L. Moghaddasi
        Cold stress is one of the environmental factors that affect planting date of durum wheat in mountainous North West areas of Iran. To study tolerance of 36 Durum wheat lines for cold, an experiment was conducted in mid winter (mid of February) at the Agricultural Researc More
        Cold stress is one of the environmental factors that affect planting date of durum wheat in mountainous North West areas of Iran. To study tolerance of 36 Durum wheat lines for cold, an experiment was conducted in mid winter (mid of February) at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, in 2007. Experimental design used was simple lattice. The results of analysis of variance showed that the lines under study responded differently to cold as to traits like percentage of survival, yield and its components. This indicates existence of genetic diversity among durum wheat lines. Percentage of survival of the lines 30, 5, 16, 27, 31 and 35 were for higher than those at other lines. Thus, they can be considered to be tolerant to early season cold. Comparison of means showed that lines 35, 31, 16 and 5 possessed higher percentage of survival and other percent survival also correlated positive with plant height, number of fertile spike seed yield and 1000 grain weight. As a whole line 35 was found to be more tolerant to early season cold than the others were. Cluster analysis was divided 36 lines into three groups. Lines in the third group possessed higher percentage of survival, plant height, number of fertile spike, biomass and high yield than their over all means. Manuscript profile
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        21 - The Effect of Planting Date on Agronomic and Physiolocal Characteristics of Maize Hybrids in Different Groups in Jiroft Region of Kerman Province
        Maryam Sadat Mousavi Nasab Enayatollah Tohidi Nejad Gholamreza Afsharmanesh Hossein Heidari Sharif Abad Ahmad Aein
        10.30495/JCEP.2023.1917732.1758
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date on agronomic and physiolocal characteristics of maize hybrids in different groups in Jiroft region of Kerman province, an experiment as a split plot in the randomized complete block design with three replications in th More
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date on agronomic and physiolocal characteristics of maize hybrids in different groups in Jiroft region of Kerman province, an experiment as a split plot in the randomized complete block design with three replications in the city of Jiroft in the crop year 2017-2018 was conducted. Experimental factors were included planting date as the main factor at three levels of July 27, August 3 and August 10 and different hybrids as a secondary factor at 10 levels of early, late and medium maturing hybrids (701, 703, 705, 706, 707, 201, 260, 400, 370 and 704 as controls). There was a significant difference between the studied hybrids in terms of agronomic and physiological characteristics. The highest number of rows per ear was obtained in hybrid 706 and the highest number of seeds per row was obtained in hybrid 707. Delaying in planting was associated by of increasing stem diameter and biological yield and decreasing of plant height, ear length, number of rows per ear, seed yield, harvest index, GDD to physiological maturity and spad. By Delaing in planting, seed protein percent and proline accumulation increased. The most seed yield was obtained on July 17 in hybrid 260 (18.24 t.ha-1), August 3 in hybrid 210 (17.46 t.ha-1) and August 10 in hybrids 370 and 201 (17.4 and 17.28 t.ha-1). It seems that the delayed planting date due to exposure to unfavorable temperatures during tillering, pollination and granulation, as well as the reduction of the growing period was decreased yield and yield components. Manuscript profile
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        22 - Evaluation of the Effect of Flower Removal and Size of Mini-Tuber on the Yield and Yield Components of Agria Potato Cultivar by Using Two Methods of Planting
        M. Goldust Jelodar M.B. Khorshidi Benam D. Hassanpanah Sh. Azizi
        In order to evaluate the effect of flower removal and sized of mini-tuber size on the yield and yield components of Agria potato cultivar by using two methods of planting, a factorial experiment based complete randomized blocks design with three replication was conducte More
        In order to evaluate the effect of flower removal and sized of mini-tuber size on the yield and yield components of Agria potato cultivar by using two methods of planting, a factorial experiment based complete randomized blocks design with three replication was conducted in Ardabil, Iran.  Factors consisted of as two planting methods (planting mini-tuber planting in the furrow and on the ridge). B: four mini-tuber seedling sizes (5, 15, 25 and 35 mm in diameter) and C: (flowers were intact or removed. During the growing period and after harvesting the attributes measured were main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number per plant, tuber weight per plant, marketable tuber yield and total tuber yield. The result of variance analysis showed that there were significant differences between planting methods and treatments of flower concerning yield. The results indicated mini-tuber seedling sizes at 15, 25, and 35 mm in both planting methods resulted in higher yield. The planting in furrow yieled better as compared to ridge planting. There was significant difference between flower removal as compared to that of intact ones. The linear correlation showed significant and positive relationship between total tuber yield with plant height, tuber number per plant, tuber weight per plant and marketable tuber yield. According to the results, the mini-tuber size by 15 and 25 mm and planting in furrow and flower removal produced highest number of tubers and tuber weight per plant, marketable tuber yield and total tuber yield.  Manuscript profile
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        23 - The Effect of Irrigation Regime on Yield and Some of Physiological and Morphological Traits in 8 Lines and Cultivars of Pea
        A. Behrouzmand M. Yarnia M.B. Khorshidi Benam
        This research was conducted in order to evaluate effects of irrigation levels on yield and yield components of 8 pea lines and cultivars at research station of faculty of agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2010 growth season. The experiment was con More
        This research was conducted in order to evaluate effects of irrigation levels on yield and yield components of 8 pea lines and cultivars at research station of faculty of agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2010 growth season. The experiment was conducted in split plot form based on completely block design with three replications. Treatments were irrigation levels: Irrigation after 70, 105 and 140 mm evaporation from pan as main plot, and lines and cultivars of pea: Jam, Azad, FLIP 00-78C, FLIP 97- 32C, FLIP 00-75C, FLIP 97-26C, ILC8617 and ILC 482 as sub plot. Results showed that the highest branch number per plant, number of pod and number of grain per plant were obtained in ILC 482 and the lowest number grain per plant were obtained in FLIP00-78c and ILC 86 17. The higher values for grain yield (208 g.m-2) were obtained in ILC 482.  In comparison to irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from the evaporation pan, the irrigation after 105 and 140 mm evaporation caused 23 and 45% decreases in the leaf area, 29 and 52% in number of grain per plant, 11 and 23 % in 1000 kernel weight, 29 and 51 % in pod number per plant, respectively. Irrigation after 105 and 140 mm evaporation from the evaporation pan, led to 27 and 64% reduction in grain yield, so in production of pea should be considered to value of water and yield of crop.  Manuscript profile
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        24 - Evaluation of the Effects of Integrated Management Weed Control on Corn Field by Using Reduced Dose of Foramsulfuron and Nicosulfuron Herbicides
        M. Matinfar M. Matinfar F. Lotfi Mavi A.R. Shayestehnia
        In order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Th More
        In order to evaluate the effects of integrated weed management on weed control by using reduced herbicide dose, a field experiment was conducted in 2010 in Qazvin. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were: different planting patterns at three levels (single row, square double rows and zigzag double row  plantings) and doses of  Nicosulfuron and Foramsulfuron application at four levels (1, 1/5, 2 and 2/5 liters per hectare), The results showed that among the different planting patterns, zigzag planting reduced weed populations and their dry weights significantly. Foramsulfuron herbicide could control weeds better than Nicosulfuron. Among the herbicide dosages, 2/5 litter dose per hectare highly reduced weed density its dry weight as compared to one litter dose. Manuscript profile
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        25 - Effect of Planting Date and Weed Control Methods on Yield and Agronomic Traits of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in Khoy Region
        M. Akbari M. Roshdi S. Rezadoust
        Effects of planting dates and weed control methods on yield and agronomic traits of sunflower was investigated. A factorial experiment based on a complete randomized blocks design with four replications was conducted in 2009. Treatments consisted of three planting date More
        Effects of planting dates and weed control methods on yield and agronomic traits of sunflower was investigated. A factorial experiment based on a complete randomized blocks design with four replications was conducted in 2009. Treatments consisted of three planting date (April 4th, May5th and Juns5th) and five weed control methods, Trifluralin (2 Lit/ha) + Fokus (1.5 Lit/ha), Trifluralin+Nabu-s (3Lit/ha), Trifluralin, Hand weeding and without control. Results indicated that planting dates and weed control methods significantly affected head diameter, 100 grain weight, seed number per head and grain yield. Harvest index and oil percent was affected only by planting dates. The highest grain yield (630.1 g/m2), was produced in the second planting date (May 5) by using Trifluralin+Fokus. Delaying sowing date (after May 5) significantly decreased grain yield. The most important weeds in the experimental site were common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album), field bind weed (Convolvulus arvensis), bastard cabbage (Rapistrum rugosum), flower-of-an-hour (Hibiscus trionum), cockspur grass (Echinochloa colorum) and green bristle grass (Setaria verticillata). It was observed that the dry matter weight sharply varied in all weed species in different planting dates, that is, in the 4th April the dry matter production of common lambsquarter and bastard cabbage, in June 5th planting date were maximum. Dry matter of broad leaf and narrow leaf weeds in the date of May 5th was lower than the other two planting dates. The interaction of planting date ×control methods on head diameter, seed number per head, grain yield and weeds dry matter was significant. Manuscript profile
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        26 - Thermal Requirement and the Response of Corn Hybrids (Zea mays L.) to Different Planting Dates in Isfahan
        P. Vafa M. Barary H. Darkhal R. Naseri
        To study the thermal requirements of grain corn hybrids, at different planting dates, a field experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Research Center of Isfahan, Iran in 2007 - 2008. It was conducted in split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block de More
        To study the thermal requirements of grain corn hybrids, at different planting dates, a field experiment was carried out in the Agricultural Research Center of Isfahan, Iran in 2007 - 2008. It was conducted in split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Planting dates (June, 5- June, 20 and July, 5) were assigned to main plots and hybrids (BC404، KSC320، OSSK552، KSC500، OSSK713 and KSC704) to sub plots. Results indicated that there was no significant difference for growing degree-days (GDD) requirements from planting to germination among hybrids and planting dates. However, KSC704 hybrid in the first planting date needed the highest GDD during its different growth stages. KSC 500 hybrid with 6.31 (t/ha) and OSSK 713 hybrid with 6.48 (t/ha) produced the highest grain yields. The highest number of grains per ear row belonged to KSC320 Hybrid (18.83). KSC704, OSSK713, OSSK 552, and BC404 possessed the highest kernels per ear row, 44.63, 44.59 and 44.74 kernels respectively. The highest thousand kernel weight (288.12 g) was also observed in BC 404 hybrids. The highest protein content was related to the third planting date. However, its percentages in all hybrids, except KSC 320 hybrid, were similar. KSC 500 hybrid had the highest phosphorous content (243 mg/100g). The highest plant disease incidences were observed in KSC 320 and KSC 404 hybrids. KSC 704 hybrid, in the mean time, showed the highest ear contamination percentage. The conclusion is that OSSK713 hybrid and the second planting date produced the highest seed yield in Isfahan, Iran. Manuscript profile
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        27 - Improvement of Physiological Growth Indices and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) by Replacing some of Nitrogen with Phosphorus under Moisture Stress
        Farasat Sadeghi Mohammad Ali Aboutalebian
        10.30495/jcep.2019.666246
        To study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factori More
        To study some growth indices of soybean under moisture stress by replacing nitrogen with phosphorus, a field experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Bu-Ali Sina University during the 2017-2018 growing season. The experiment was carried out in a split-factorial arrangement of treatments based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots consisted of three levels of irrigations (irrigating after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from class A evaporation pan). Two levels of nitrogen replacement with phosphorus and without replacement and two levels of phosphorus replacement and without phosphorus replacement assigned to subplots. The results showed that simultaneous replacing of nitrogen and phosphorus in all irrigation levels increased physiological growth indices of leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. Moisture stress reduced growth rate of the crop significantly. Results also showed that crop growth rate increased 35 to 45 days after planting and reached to its maximum level after 65 days after planting date. After this period, the crop growth rate of soybean decreased and reached to zero about 95-100 days after planting. The highest dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were obtained from irrigation after 60 mm evaporation and nitrogen-phosphorus simultaneous placement application. According to the results, simultaneous replacing nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced the negative effect of moisture stress on soybean growth indices. Nitrogen replacement with phosphorus increased grain yield by 11.4% as compared to non-replacement of nitrogen with phosphorus and yielded 3855.88 kg.ha-1. In this research, nitrogen replacement with phosphorus under irrigation after 90 mm evaporation prevented significant oil yield loss as compared to irrigation after 60 mm evaporation. Manuscript profile
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        28 - The Effects of Irrigation Regemes and Planting Patterns on Seed Yield and some Agronomic Traits of Maize (S.C. 604)
        Abbas Soleimani fard Rahim Naseri
        To study the effects of irrigation regems and planting patterns on yield and yield components of maize, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications at Sarableh Agricultural Station, Ilam in 2011-2012 cropping se More
        To study the effects of irrigation regems and planting patterns on yield and yield components of maize, a split plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with four replications at Sarableh Agricultural Station, Ilam in 2011-2012 cropping season. The treatments were three levels of irrigation (40, 60 and 80 evaporation (mm) pan (Class A)) as main plot and four planting pattern, (single and double rows on furrow bank and single and rows on the furrow bed) as sub plot. Number of grains per ear was significantly affected different levels of irrigation and planting patterns. The highest (489 grains) and lowest (458 grains) number of kernels per ear were observed at 40 and 80 (mm) evaporation, respectively. The highest (486) and lowest (448) kernels per ear were observed in planting pattern of double row on furrow bed and planting pattern of single row on furrow bank, respectively. The results showed that the interaction effect among different levels of irrigation and planting pattern were significant for 1000 kernel weight, seed yield, harvest index, biological yield and plant height. It was also observed that irrigating plant at 40 mm evaporation (mm) and planting pattern of single row on furrow banks produced highest 1000 kernel weight (329.9 g), seed yield (9220 kg.ha-1), harvest index (53.7%), biological yield (18451 kg.ha-1) and plant height (222.2 cm). In this study there was no significant difference between 40 and 60 mm evaporations from pan × planting pattern of double row on furrow bed for seed yield.   Manuscript profile
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        29 - Evaluation of Spring Sweet Corn (Zea mays var saccharata) Production in Different Planting Date under Plastic Cover in Gachsaran Province
        H. Naraki, H. Faraji M. Movahedi Dehnavi S.K. Didgah
        In order to evaluate the performance of spring sweet corn (Zea mays var saccharata) at different planting dates under plastic cover, a split plot experiment based on RCBD with three replications was conducted in Gachsaran, in southwest of Iran, during 2009-2010 growing More
        In order to evaluate the performance of spring sweet corn (Zea mays var saccharata) at different planting dates under plastic cover, a split plot experiment based on RCBD with three replications was conducted in Gachsaran, in southwest of Iran, during 2009-2010 growing season. Four sweet corn hybrids (Merit, Challenger, Chase and Basin) were used as main factor and five sowing date (15th and 25th Jan, 4th, 14th and 24th Feb) as sub factor. The results showed that hybrid effect was significant on the days to tassel and ear emergence, days to harvest, ear harvest index, ear length, number of row per each ear, wet biological yield and 1000 grains weight, at 1%, and ear wet yield and grain yield harvest index at 5% probability levels. Also the effect of sowing date was significant on the days to tassel and ear emergence, days to harvest, ear wet yield, ear harvest index, ear diameter, ear length, biological yield, and 1000 grains weight at the 1% probability level. 'Basin' and 'Chase' hybrids were determined to have highest and lowest ear wet yield (17.09 and 15.13 t.ha-1) respectively. The highest and the lowest wet ear yield (16.81 and 15.06 t.ha-1) belonged to 15th Jan. and 24th Feb. respectively. 'Basin' hybrid and 'Challenger' with 8.39 and 7.59 t.ha-1 grain yield were found to be highest and lowest yields. The highest and the lowest grain yield (8.41 t.ha-1 7.45 t.ha-1) were recorded for 15th Jan. and 24th Feb. respectively.' Merit' and 'Chase' hybrids were determined to have longest and shortest days to ear harvest (94.3 and 86.2 days). Longest and shortest days to ear harvest (101.5 and 82 days) were recorded in 4th Jan. and 24th Feb. Sowing date and hybrids interaction effects showed that the longest and shortest days to ear harvest (104.7 and 78.3 days) were calculated in 4th Jan. of Merit and in 24th Feb. for Chase. Based on these results, it can be concluded that 'Basin' hybrid Feb. 24 is the most suitable cultivar to be produced in Gachsaran. Manuscript profile
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        30 - Effect of Planting Dates on Seed Yield and Vegetative Traits of Rapeseed Cultivars in Ilam Region
        G. Tahmasebi S.A. Syadat M.M. Pour Siabidi R. Naseri
        To study the effect of the best planting date of rapeseed cultivars on seed yield, a split plot experiment was conducted in randomized compete block design with four replications at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ilam province, Iran of 2005. Plant More
        To study the effect of the best planting date of rapeseed cultivars on seed yield, a split plot experiment was conducted in randomized compete block design with four replications at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Ilam province, Iran of 2005. Planting dates (September 5th, October 1st, October 15th and November 1st) were assigned to main plot and cultivars (Talaye, Rijent×Kobrah and Okapi) to sub plots. The results of the analysis variance of data showed that planting date, cultivars and their interaction effect were significant on under study traits at 1% level probability. The highest seed yield (3622 kg.ha-1) was obtained from September 5th and the lowest (3075 kg.ha-1) from October 1st planting dates. The highest number of seed per pod (61.55 seed), 1000-seed weight (3.477 g) and number of pod on main stem (64.75 pods) were observed in September 5th planting date. Zarfam cultivar had the highest seed yield, number seeds of per pod, 1000-seed weight and number of pods on main stem in comparison to other cultivars. Talaye had the highest days to flowering and plant height than other cultivars. Among planting dates, September 5th had lowest days to flowering and it was also evaluated as to be better than other planting dates. Therefore, September 5th planting date can be the results of this study recommended to Zarfam cultivar in this region. Manuscript profile
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        31 - The Effect of Row Spacing, Plant Population and Planting Pattern on Yield and Yield Components of Corn (SC 704) in Double Cropping
        M. Ramezani R. Rezaei Sokht-Abandani
        To evaluate the effect of row spacing, plant population and planting pattern on yield and yield components of corn (single cross 704) in the double cropping after paddy rice, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was conduct More
        To evaluate the effect of row spacing, plant population and planting pattern on yield and yield components of corn (single cross 704) in the double cropping after paddy rice, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted in Research Gharakheil Agricultural Research Center of Qaemshahr, Iran in 2009. Treatments consisted of three row distances (65, 75, 85 cm), plant populations of 70000 and 800000 plants per hectare and two planting patterns (single-row and zigzag double-row). Results showed that maximum grain yield (9230 kg/ha) and harvest index (42.11 %) between row distance were obtained from 65 cm. Seed yield and yield components were not significantly affected by plant density. Seed yield of zigzag two-row planting pattern was 23.26 percent higher than single row planting pattern. All of the yield components in a single row were less than of zigzag double row planting patterns. The row spacing × plant density interactions for biomass, HI and ear length were significant at 5% level of probabilities. Planting pattern × row spacing interaction for biomass and number of rows per ear showed significant differences at the 5% level of probabilities. The lowest seed yield (6558 kg/ha) was obtained from 75 cm row spacing× single row planting pattern × 80 thousand density interactions and highest harvest index (46.86 %) from 80000 plants per hectare × 65 cm row spacing × double row zigzag planting pattern interaction. Grain yield was positively and highly correlated with all yield components, which may be due to delayed planting date (the first week of September) and proper growing condition for corn. It could be concluded that double cropping of corn after rice, results in yield stability and efficient use of water resources, in this area. Manuscript profile
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        32 - Effects of Planting Pattern on Morphophiysiological Characteristics and Yield and Yield Components of Sweet and Super Sweet Corn Varieties (Zea mays L. var. saccarata)
        آتنا Rahmani M. Nasrolah alhossini S. Khavari Khorasani A. Khalili Torghabeh
        Considering the importance of sweet corn as a new food product, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of planting pattern on some important morphophiyziological characteristics and yield and yield components of sweet and super sweet corn (Zea Mays L. var. sac More
        Considering the importance of sweet corn as a new food product, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of planting pattern on some important morphophiyziological characteristics and yield and yield components of sweet and super sweet corn (Zea Mays L. var. saccharata) varieties in Agricultural Research and Natural Resources of Khorasan Razavi Province, Mashhad, Iran in 2011. In this study three methods of planting (one and two raised bed and furrow planting) and three varieties sweet corn (Chase, Temptation, KSC403su) and one super sweet corn (Challenger) were studied in factorial experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The result of ANOVA showed that sweet corn hybrids had significant differences in kernel depth, conservable grain yield and ear harvest index. It also showed that number of leaves per plant, number of leaves above ear, stem diameter, ear diameter, kernel depth, conservable grain yield and forage yield, were significantly different among three levels of planting patterns. The maximum main of these characters was belonging to two-raised bed planting pattern. In addition, the highest conservable grain yield was belonged to Challenger in two raised bed planting pattern with 25.76 ton/ha and highest fresh foliage yield was 48.6 ton/ha which belonged to Chase on one raised bed planting method. The highest ear harvest index belonged to Chase on two-raised bed planting pattern. Finally, the result showed that two raised bed planting pattern and Challenger with highest conservable grain yield trait could be used to increase sweet corn yield. Manuscript profile
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        33 - Effect of N Fertilizer and Growth Stimulating Bacteria on Growth Traits of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under Delayed Sowing Condition
        Nosratollah Nosrat Morteza Goldani Javad Rezaei
        10.30495/jcep.2020.679069
        Delayed planting of sugar beet, use of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoting bacteria are important in accelerating growth and compensating time loss. To study this subject, a split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 3 repl More
        Delayed planting of sugar beet, use of nitrogen fertilizer and growth promoting bacteria are important in accelerating growth and compensating time loss. To study this subject, a split split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications and 8 treatments in 2018 at the Research Farm of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The factors under study consisted of planting date with two levels (regular planting, D1, and delayed planting, D2) as the main factor, nitrogen fertilizer with two levels (use of nitrogen fertilizer based on recommended rate, N1 and 25% less than recommended rate, N2) as a subfactors and bacterial growth stimulant with two levels (bacterial inoculation, B2, and without its use, B1) were considered as sub-sub- factors. Growth indices under study were leaf area index, total dry matter, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. In this study, highest leaf area index (3.5) and dry matter accumulation (2898 g.m-2) in thermal unit, as well as growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate under regular and delayed planting dates were due to the use of recommended rate of nitrogen fertilizer and bacterial inoculation treatments. The least amounts of these traits were obtained at both planting dates and use of nitrogen fertilizer, 25% less than the recommendation, and without using bacteria. Root yield and sugar content sugar beet under treatment of bacterial and nitrogen use, based on recommended rate, showed 8 to 10% higher than other treatments, under both regular and delayed planting date. It seems that the combined use of chemical and biological fertilizers is useful in delayed sowing, to compensate delayed time loss planting of sugar beet. Manuscript profile
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        34 - Effect of Row Spacing and Herbicide Application on Weed Control, Photosynthetic Pigments and Rapeseed Grain and Oil Yield
        morteza noralizadeh otaghsara Ali Nakhzari Moghadam Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari Mehdi Mollashahi Valiollah Rameah
        10.30495/jcep.2020.679072
        Rapessed is one of the most important oilseed crops. Weeds, also are most important factors that limit the production of the oil crops and greatly affect the quantity and quality of their extracted oils. To investigate the effect of row spacing and herbicide application More
        Rapessed is one of the most important oilseed crops. Weeds, also are most important factors that limit the production of the oil crops and greatly affect the quantity and quality of their extracted oils. To investigate the effect of row spacing and herbicide application on photosynthetic pigments and rapeseed yield, a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted during 2017-18 at Bayekola Research Station, Neka, Mazandaran. Factors were planting arrangement in two levels )one and two-row plantings( and weed control in 7 levels of  application of herbicides consisting of Trifluralin (Treflan) 2.5 l.ha-1 before planting and mixed with soil, Quinmerac + Metazachlor (Butisan Star) 2.5 l.ha-1 pre-emergence, Trifluralin 2.5 l/ha before planting + Quinmerac + Metazachlor 2.5 l.ha-1 pre-emergence, Chlopyralid (lontrel) 1 l.ha-1 + Haloxyfop-R-Methyl (Super Gallant) 0.8 l.ha-1 at 2 to 4 weeds leaf stage, Paraquat (Gramaxon) 2 l.ha-1 at 4 to 6 weeds leaf stages, weed control and without weed control. The results showed that by changing the planting arrangement and using combination of Trifluralin with Quinmerac + Metazachlor and/or application of Paraquat (as a guided herbicide) in two-row culture, the rapeseed chlorophyll content increased by 38.06% and 34.11% as compared to without weed control. Also, weed dry weight decreased by 87.16% and 94.97%, and rapeseed grain yield increased by 73.4% and 76.79%, respectively, which resulted in increasing crops,s extracted oil. It can be concluded that by modifying the canola planting pattern we can increase canola,s oil yield, and application of guided herbicide or combination of Trifluralin with Quinmerac + Metazachlor, to control weeds. Manuscript profile
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        35 - Seed Yield and Some Agronomic Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Different Planting Patterns
        عباس Soleymanifard رحیم Naseri روح اله Karami
        To study the effects of planting patterns on yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 cropping season at Dehloran Agricultural Station, Ilam, Iran, as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three More
        To study the effects of planting patterns on yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 cropping season at Dehloran Agricultural Station, Ilam, Iran, as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were two maize cultivars (S.C. 704 and 677) asseigned to main plots and five planting patterns (planting on alternate ridges, planting at furrow bottorn at row 55 cm apart, two planting rows per ridge and conventional planting on ridges 75 cm apart) as sub plot. The results showed that there were significant differences between cultivars for plant height, ear hight, seed row per ear, number of seeds per ear and harvest index. Highest plant height (208.3 cm), ear hight (96.1 cm), seed rows per ear (14.26 rows), seeds per row (37.3 grains) and harvest index (51.1%) belonged to S.C. 704 cultivar. Planting pattern affected plant height, ear height, seed rows per ear, seeds per ear and harvest index, significantly. The highest ear hight (93.8 cm), seed rows per ear (13.9 rows) belonged to two row plantings per ridge. Interaction effect of cultivars × planting patterns were significant on grain yield, 1000 grain weight and biological yield. The highest grain yield (10116 kg.ha-1), 1000 grain weight (234 g) and biological yield (19600 kg.ha-1) belonged to S.C. 704 cultivar at planting pattern of two rows 20 cm apart per ridge and the lowest grain yield (9201 kg.ha-1) and biological yield (19289 kg.ha-1) at planting patterne of two rows per ridge to S.C. 677 and conventional pattern at planting. Manuscript profile
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        36 - Weeds Control by Living Mulch of Maize and Their Effect on Two Potato Cultivars
        Zohrab Adavi
        Using live mulches is one of the biologic methods for weed control in potato. This research was conducted as a factorial experiment based on RCBD with four replications at the Research Field of Fereydunshahr of Esfahan during 2015. The treatments consisted of two cultiv More
        Using live mulches is one of the biologic methods for weed control in potato. This research was conducted as a factorial experiment based on RCBD with four replications at the Research Field of Fereydunshahr of Esfahan during 2015. The treatments consisted of two cultivars: Arinda and Agria and three planting systems of potato: weedy sole cropping, weed-free sole cropping and potato inter cropped with maize. Analysis of variance showed that all traits like plant height, plant dry weight, tuber number per plant and tuber yield, except average weight of tuber, were influenced by variety at five percent level of significance. However, plant height and tuber number per plant were influenced by planting system at the level of one percent and plant dry weight, average weight of tuber and tuber yield at the level of five percent significance. The results also showed that potato intercropped with maize reduced highly weed density. The highest and the lowest penetration light were related to weed-free and maize, respectivey. The highest reduction in potato height was found in maize. This might be due to correlation of height and competitiveness of species, because by increasing plant competition height was increased. The highest plant dry weight of potato (121.79g) was related to weed free condition and following by maize, weedy sole cropping. The highest average tuber weight (65.33 g) and tuber yield (677.44 g) belonged to maize, weed free treatments, and lower values of these traits were founded in weedy sole cropping treatment. Overall, live mulches by reducing density of Amaranth (plants per 38.4 m2) was able to control weeds in potato field. This could be attributed to its effects on shading and/or higher competitivness. Manuscript profile
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        37 - The Response of Yield, Yield Components, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) to Supplemental Nitrogen Application under Salinity Stress Conditions in Optimum and Delayed Planting Date
        Azam Yousefi Mohammad Armin Matin Jami Moeini
        10.30495/JCEP.2023.1926828.1786
        In saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cu More
        In saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cultivation, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was done in Sabzevar Islamic Azad University in 2017-2018. Factors were: planting date (optimum and late) and nitrogen levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg.ha-1) as a foliar application on the bolling stage as Urea form. Delayed planting reduced the number of bolls per plant (6.59 %), boll weight (17.33%), seed cotton yield (14.70 %), nitrogen uptake efficiency (23.2 %), and nitrogen use efficiency (11.32 %) compared to optimum cultivation. Foliar application of 7.5 kg N.ha-1increased the number of bolls per plant (67.6%), boll weight (47.2%), seed cotton yield (73.2%), nitrogen uptake efficiency (45.1%), and nitrogen use efficiency (41.2%) compared to control. Sprayed due to lack of solution. The highest plant height, number of reproductive branches, lint percentage, lint yield, and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in optimum planting date and foliar application of 7.5 kgN.ha-1were obtained which was not significantly different from foliar spraying of 5 kgN.ha-1. Nitrogen foliar application could not improve the negative effects of planting delay on yield and yield components of cotton. In general, the results of this experiment showed that the best seed cotton yield can be achieved by planting at the optimum date and spraying 5 kg of nitrogen as a supplement at the beginning of the bolling stage that increases the efficiency of cotton nitrogen consumption in saline conditions. Manuscript profile
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        38 - Ecophysiological Investigation of Intercropping of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under the Influence of Biofertilizers
        auob amiri Mahmood Ramrodi Mohammad Galavi Masoud Rafiee
        10.30495/jcep.2021.679979
        To study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lore More
        To study the management of different systems of maize (Zea mays) and cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping affected by biofertilizers in alley cropping, a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete blocks design was conducted in 2016 in Aleshtar city, Lorestan province. The main factor consisted of plant cropping ratios: single cropping of maize (M1), 75% maize + 25% vigna (M2), 50% maize + 50% vigna (M3), 25% maize + 75% vigna (M4), and single cropping of vigna (M5) and the second factor of different combination of biofertilizer consumptions: seed inoculation with 100 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B1), seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 azetobacteria and azospirilum (B2) and without seed inoculation (B3). Results showed that the maize and cowpea yields and their components were influenced by crops and biofertilizer ratios significantly. Highest maize and vigna yields (11350 and 3250 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by 75% maize + 25% vigna treatment. The highest yields of maize and vigna (11850 kg and 3450 kg.ha-1 respectively) were obtained by seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. The highest land equivalent ratio (LER) with an average of 1.55 was observed with cropping ratio of 75% maize + 25% vigna. This indicates the usefulness of intercropping compared with single croppings of these two plants. It can be concluded that the best treatment in this study was 75% maize+ 25% vigna intercropping and seed inoculation with 200 g.ha-1 bacteria. Manuscript profile
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        39 - Effect of Organic Fertilizers and Date of Planting on Varieties of Vigna radiata in the Initial Growth Stage
        M. Gilak Hakim Abadi J.M. Sinaki A. Dashtban A. Nouirinia
        Proper management is required to increase yields of Vigna radiata. To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic fertilizers and date of planting on the yield of two varieties of Vigna radiata, a split plot factorial experiment was carried out on randomized comp More
        Proper management is required to increase yields of Vigna radiata. To evaluate the effect of different levels of organic fertilizers and date of planting on the yield of two varieties of Vigna radiata, a split plot factorial experiment was carried out on randomized complete blocks with three replications in a field located in Ali-Abad Katoul in growing season of 2013-14. Experimental factors consisted of organic fertilizer at four levels, 1– control, 2– compost (10 tons in hectare), 3– manure (30 tons in hectare), and 4– combined use of manure and compost (20 tons per hectare), two varieties (native to Ali-Abad Katoul and improved VC) and three planting dates (June 11, July 1, July 21). The results showed a significant effect of planting date on the leaf area, total dry weight, shoot dry weight, leaf dry weight, stem length at 1%, and the same effect on the root penetration in the initial growth stage of the plants (seedlings) and 5% levels of probabilities respectivly. The application of organic fertilizers (compost, manure, and a compost and manure mixture) had a significant effect on the plant height and root depth at the 5% level of probabilites. Al together, the local Ali-Abad Katoul variety grew better than the VC variety. We conclude that the environment compatibility of variety, proper planting dates and use of organic fertilizers, especially mixed with manure compost, can have a positive effect on Vigna radiata growth. Manuscript profile
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        40 - Effect of Winter Planting Date on Qualitative Traits and Yield of Spring Rapeseed (Brassica napus) Cultivars by Using Zinc Spray in Karaj Region
        Majid Valipour dastenaei Amir Hossein Shiranirad Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Saeed Seifzadeh Hamid Reza Zakerin
        10.30495/jcep.2020.671175
        To study the effect of winter planting and zinc spraying on yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus) cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted for two years (2014-2015 and 20 More
        To study the effect of winter planting and zinc spraying on yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus) cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted for two years (2014-2015 and 2015-2016 cropping seasons) at the experimental farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization of Karaj, Iran.. In this experiment, winter plantings with three levels (24th February, 6th, and 16th March) and Zinc factors with two levels, including application of zinc sulfate spray and spray with pure water assigned to main plots and spring cultivars, including RGS003, Zafar, Julius, Jerry, Zabol 10, Hyola 4815 to subplots. The results of combined analyses of data showed that the effect of year, planting date, zinc spray, cultivar and planting date × cultivar interaction effects on qualitative traits (grain glycosinolate content and fatty acid percentages) in different planting dates and cultivars were significant at 1% level of probabilities. According to the results, the highest (66.89%) and lowest (66.02%) oleic acid percentages belonged to zafar and zabol10 cultivars, respectively. Planting dates × cultivar interaction effect on the glucosinolate content indicated that the lowest glucosinolate content produced by Zafar (8.313 mg.g-1) and hyola4815 (8.567 mg.g-1), when they were sown on March 16th. The results of this experiment showed that delayed planting, decreased percentages of palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids of seed oil, while increased percentages of linolenic and erousic acids and glycosinolate contents. Manuscript profile
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        41 - Impact of some Environmental Factors on Germination and Emergence Characteristics of Black Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), Ground Cherry (Physalis divaricata) and Curly Dock (Rumex crispus)
        رضا Gorbani E. ZeidAli M. Hoseaini
        To understand germination and emergence characteristics of black henbane, ground cherry and curly dock a laboratory experiment, based on randomized complete block design with four replications, was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashha More
        To understand germination and emergence characteristics of black henbane, ground cherry and curly dock a laboratory experiment, based on randomized complete block design with four replications, was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2012. Treatments were temperature ranges (5/15, 10/20, 15/25, 15/30 and 20/35 ° C night / day) and different levels of salinity (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 mM of NaCl). The effect of pH adjusted to 5-9 by using acid buffer solution. Seeds were planted at different depth (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 cm) to study their effects on seedling emergence. Results showed that black henbane exhibited highest germination percentage at 25/15 diurnal tempratures, with 86.50 and 60.50 respectivly for daylight and complete darkness. Germination of ground cherry was highest (93%) at 10/20 diurnal temprature and 41% in complete darkness. Highest germination percentage for curly dock at diurnal temperatures of 20/10, 25/15 and 30/20 with light / dark regime of constant darkness was abserved. The seeds at diurnal temprature of 35/25 in both light regimes did not germinate. Increasing salinity reduced germination. Increasing the osmotic potential, also reduced germination significantly. Highest germination percentage of black henbane (97%) was observed at pH 7, and lowest germination (17%) at pH 9. Increasing planting depth reduced seedling emergence significantly. Germination percentages of ground cherry and curly dock at pH 6 and 7 were highest (97% and 96% respectively) and lowest 26 and 25 % respectively at pH 9. Manuscript profile
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        42 - Determination of Optimum Transplanting Date for Double Cropping of Rice (Oryza sativa L. CV. Tarom Mahalli) in Mazandaran
        Majid Esmaeilzadeh Yousef Niknejad Hormoz Fallah Amoli norollah kheyri
        Timely transplanting is one of the major objectives of success in double cropping of rice. To determine the best transplanting dates for double cropping of Tarom mahalli in Mazandaran, a field experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three r More
        Timely transplanting is one of the major objectives of success in double cropping of rice. To determine the best transplanting dates for double cropping of Tarom mahalli in Mazandaran, a field experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicaties in Amol in 2014. Treatments were: 24 transplanting dates beginning from June 28 to September 5 with intervals of three days. The results of analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences among different transplanting dates for all agronomic traits and grain yield at 1% probability levels. Delaying transplanting increased unfilled grain number per panicle and decreased other agronomic traits including seed yield. The highest grain yield (with an average of 3975.2 kg.ha-1) was obtained at 1st of July transplanting date. This was due to the increase in the number of seeds (80.3), number of filled seed per panicle (72) and panicle number per plant (18.3). The lowest grain yield (with an average of 38.5 kg.ha-1) was obtained at the 5th of September transplanting. Early transplanting decreased days to different phonological stages (days to tillering, 50% flowering and maturity). Delay in transplanting, however, reduced daily temperature, increased number of days to the developmental stages and thus decreased seed yield. Early July transplanting due to suitable temperatures and radiation for flowering and lack of heavy rainfall increased seed yield of rice. It could be concluded that transplanting from the 28th of June to the 10th of July can be considered as the optimum transplanting date for double cropping of rice (var. Tarom mahalli) at Amol climatic conditions. Manuscript profile
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        43 - Study of different methods of seed dormancy and determine the Planting depth in Alhagi camelorum
        foad chopan amin mahmodian vahid aranian hamid niknahad
        The species of Alhagi camelorum is a family of Papilionaceae and legumes. A.camelorum is important and dominant in saline areas of Golestan province which is important for forage production, soil conservation and medicinal value. In nature, the seed germination percenta More
        The species of Alhagi camelorum is a family of Papilionaceae and legumes. A.camelorum is important and dominant in saline areas of Golestan province which is important for forage production, soil conservation and medicinal value. In nature, the seed germination percentage for this species is low. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different treatments of sulfuric acid, boiling water, scrub, and control on the failure seed dormancy and seed germination. Seeds of this species were collected from its natural habitat in Aq-qala, Golestan province. The effects of different treatments of sulfuric acid (15 min, 20 min, 25 min), 100-degree boiling (2 minutes and 4 minutes), scrubbing and control were investigated with 4 replications. The results of this study indicated that sulfuric acid had the most effect on germination (15 min) (89%). Other treatments were 25% Sulfuric Acid with 86%, Sulfuric Acid for 20 minutes with 75%, 2 min with 67%, 4 minutes with 36%, 20% and 6% for germination. Also, the results of this study indicated that the most suitable planting depth for this species is 2 cm. In all measured parameters, the lowest amount was obtained in the control treatment. Manuscript profile
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        44 - Evaluation of growth Feature of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum trees using stem analysis
        jamshid eslam dost hormoz sohrabi seyed mohsen hoseyni
        Tree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and vo More
        Tree growth has a great ecological and economic importance and stem analysis is one of the reliable and widely used methods which is used to study the growth of different attributes of the trees. In the present study, we evaluated diameter, basal area, and height and volume growth of two fast growing species (namely Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum). After falling down the trees, 5 centimeter thick disks at 2 meter intervals were collected and transported to the laboratory. The thickness of the annual rings was measured in two perpendicular directions up to1millimeter precision. The results showed that the highest value of the current growth of diameter of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 4 and 6 year ages, respectively, equal to 1.5 and 5.4 cm and the highest value of the current basal area growth of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 9 and 10 year ages, respectively, equal to 0.1 and 0.14 square meters. Furthermore, the highest value of the current growth of height of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 6 and 9 year ages, respectively, with value of 1.3 m 3.1 m and the highest value of the current growth in the volume of Populus deltoides and Taxodium distichum occurred in 8 and 12 year ages, with a value of 0.094 and 0.1 cubic meters, respectively. Finally, there would be concluded that both of these species in such sites can meet the environmental needs such as green spaces as well as economic goals such as commercial wood product. Manuscript profile
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        45 - Investigation of the effects of plant density and planting date on quantitative and qualitative yield of forage mustard under normal and saline conditions
        Hasan Amiei Hossain Ajam norouzi Mohamad Taghi Feyzbakhsh Mohammad Reza Dadashi
        10.30495/iper.2022.1947256.1755
        In order to investigate the effects of soil salinity, plant density, and planting date on quantitative and qualitative yield of mustard forage, an experiment was conducted in 2016 at Gorgan Nemoone Farm Research Station as a split-split plot in a randomized complete blo More
        In order to investigate the effects of soil salinity, plant density, and planting date on quantitative and qualitative yield of mustard forage, an experiment was conducted in 2016 at Gorgan Nemoone Farm Research Station as a split-split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor of soil salinity (2 and 10 dS/m), sub-factor of planting date (6 November, 21 November, 6 December, 21 December, and 5 January), and sub sub-factor of plant density at three levels (208000, 277000, and 416000 plants per hectare) were considered. Results showed the interactions of environment × planting date on all studied traits including fresh weight, dry weight, percentage of leaf protein, percentage of stem protein, percentage of pod protein, percentage of total protein, protein yield, percentage of leaf fibers, percentage of stem fibers, percentage of pod fibers, percentage of total fibers, fiber yield, and leaf proline concentration were significant. The interaction effect of environment × planting density was also significant on all characteristics under study except for leaf protein percentage and leaf proline concentration. Moreover, the interaction effect of planting date and planting density was significant on all characteristics under study except for stem protein percentage and leaf proline concentration. Generally, it is concluded that the cultivation of forage mustard on November 6 and with planting density of 208,000 plants per hectare produces the highest fresh and dry weight of forage and protein yield, as well as the lowest amount of fiber. Manuscript profile
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        46 - The pure Persian words in agriculture from planting to cropping in Javid Mammasani's rigion
        jalil nazari
        It is tried to introduce and find the ethymology of words, expression and some related phrases to agriculture from planting to cropping in one of the rigions of Mammasani's area (Javid). In order to know the authenticity of the words for researchers from the past of thi More
        It is tried to introduce and find the ethymology of words, expression and some related phrases to agriculture from planting to cropping in one of the rigions of Mammasani's area (Javid). In order to know the authenticity of the words for researchers from the past of this country, the root of the words is pointed to as much as possible Manuscript profile
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        47 - Effects of Surgical Spaying on Heifer Feedlot Growth Performance and Dietary Energetics
        A. Plascencia V.M. González-Vizcarra Y.S. Valdés-García A. Barreras A. Estrada-Angulo J.D. Urías-Estrada R.A. Zinn
        Manuscript profile
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        48 - Assessing the achievement of Implementation of Reform Program of Tea Structure in Tea Planters’ View
        seyed hasan Motie Langeroudi iesa Pourramezam abotaleb Ghasemi Vasmejani
        Tea planting is one the economic jobs in agricultural section which has created jobs for many inhabitants in the northern regions of the country. It has a very important role in meeting the economic needs of the families in the region. Despite this important fact, there More
        Tea planting is one the economic jobs in agricultural section which has created jobs for many inhabitants in the northern regions of the country. It has a very important role in meeting the economic needs of the families in the region. Despite this important fact, there were some problems in tea planting and industry. To change the situation for the better, and settle the problems in tea planting and industry, the reform program of tea structure was implemented in 1379. One decade has nearly passed since the implementation of the program. Therefore, assessing the achievement of the program and the degree of users’ satisfaction seem necessary with the participation of local people and stakeholders. To do so, the present research is conducted in the village of Divshal in Langaroud. The subjects are 235 tea planters of the village that are selected according to Cochran Formula. The research is descriptive-analytic done in library study and field survey. To collect information and analyze the data Manuscript profile
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        49 - اثر واریته ها و مواد گیاهی کشت، روی رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در گل مریم
        فرجانا نسرین خان افروز نازنین کریماتول آمبیا م. مسیور بویین
        یک آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقات گیاهان زینتی در مرکز تحقیقات باغبانی (HRC) – انستیتو تحقیقات کشاورزی بنگلادش  در شهر قاضی­پور از آوریل  تا فوریه 2017 با هدف دستیابی به بهترین مواد کاشت برای رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در دو واریته گل مریم به اجرا در آمد. هر د More
        یک آزمایش در مزرعه تحقیقات گیاهان زینتی در مرکز تحقیقات باغبانی (HRC) – انستیتو تحقیقات کشاورزی بنگلادش  در شهر قاضی­پور از آوریل  تا فوریه 2017 با هدف دستیابی به بهترین مواد کاشت برای رشد، گلدهی و تولید پیاز در دو واریته گل مریم به اجرا در آمد. هر دو واریته در پارامترهای خاصی برتری نشان دادند و پیازهای بزرگ بهترین نتایج را نسبت به بقیه مواد کاشت ارائه کردند. ژنوتیپ TR-001 (واریته سینگل) گیاه و خوشه طویل­تر (به­ترتیب 37/49 و 04/85 سانتی­متر)  و گل آذین سنگین­تری (14/72 گرم) تولید کرد. همچنین رقم TR-004 که یک واریته نیمه دوبل است، ساقه گل طویل­تر (12/32 سانتی­متر) و بیشترین نسبت گلچه در خوشه (38/44) را در برداشت. در مورد تولید پیاز و پیازچه، رقم TR-001 سنگین­ترین و بزرگترین پیاز (به­ترتیب 9/19 گرم و 89/2 سانتی­متر) را تولید کرد، در حالی که رقم TR-004 بیشترین پیازچه در هر گیاه و بالاترین وزن پیازچه در هر گیاه (به­ترتیب 39/18 و 88/33) را تولید کرد. با توجه به نوع و سایز پیاز مریم، سایز بزرگ، طویل­ترین ساقه گل (34/33 سانتی­متر)، حداکثر گلچه در خوشه (54/45)، سنگین­ترین سنبله گل (25/76 گرم)، بیشترین تعداد پیاز در گیاه (7/6)، سنگین­ترین و بزرگترین پیازها (55/22 گرم و 12/3 سانتی­متر) و بیشترین تعداد و بالاترین وزن پیازچه در هر بوته (55/22 گرم و 53/38 سانتی متر) را تولید کرد. اختلاف معنی­داری در اثرات متقابل روی هیچ یک از صفات مشاهده نشد. همچنین از نظر آماری تفاوت معنی­داری بین پیازهای سایز مادری (مسن) و سایز متوسط در صفات طول ساقه گل، تعداد گلچه در خوشه، تعداد پیاز در گیاه، وزن و قطر پیاز و تعداد پیازچه در بوته مشاهده نشد. بنابراین پیاز مادری / مسن نیز می­تواند برای تولید تجاری گل مریم با سایزهای بزرگ و متوسط مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile
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        50 - Evaluation of the effect of plant distance on yield of four watermelon cultivars (Citrullus vulgaris) in Jiroft environmental conditions
        Ebrahim Mamonoei Seid Mohammad Alavi Siney Morteza Eshraghi-Nejad
        10.2./jpps.2021.684934
        In order to determine the most appropriate planting distance and cultivar and also to find the most effective traits in watermelon yield at different planting densities, this study was conducted as split plots in three replications for two cropping years 2016-2017 in Ji More
        In order to determine the most appropriate planting distance and cultivar and also to find the most effective traits in watermelon yield at different planting densities, this study was conducted as split plots in three replications for two cropping years 2016-2017 in Jiroft. Plant spacing (40, 50, 60 and 70 cm) and four watermelon cultivars (Patangra, Favorite, CrimsonPS and CrimsonG-53 were divided into main and sub-plots, respectively. There was a significant effect on the studied traits except the thickness of the fruit skin, so that the number of fruits and yield decreased significantly with increasing plant distance on the planting line; The highest values of these traits were 0.99 and 23.82 tons.hectare-1 at a distance of 40 cm, respectively. But the quality and appearance of the fruit at a distance of 70 cm had its highest value. Increasing the culture distance from 40 to 70 cm increased the amount of soluble solids by 12%. The studied cultivars were significantly different in all traits except Brix. CrimsonPS and CrimsonG cultivars had the highest yields during the two years of testing at 22.50 and 20.76 tons per hectare, respectively. CrimsonPS cultivar was relatively superior to other cultivars in terms of most of the studied traits, and this ultimately led to the highest yield per unit area. Path analysis showed that in different cultivation densities, fruit number and single fruit weight had the greatest effect on fruit yield; These two traits were selected as the most important traits in determining fruit yield. Manuscript profile
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        51 - The effect of planting date on yield and yield components of maize hybrids in Ahvaz
        rahil chehrazi Mojtaba Alavi Fazel
        10.2./jpps.2022.693296
        In order to investigate the effect of sowing date on yield and dry matter redistribution in maize hybrids in Ahvaz. This experiment in the form of split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in the crop year 2020-2021, it was pe More
        In order to investigate the effect of sowing date on yield and dry matter redistribution in maize hybrids in Ahvaz. This experiment in the form of split plots in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in the crop year 2020-2021, it was performed at the station of Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in the southwest of AhvazThe main factor of planting date was August 1, 10 and 20 and the sub-factor of hybrids SIMON, PL712, K.S.C703 and K.S.C704 (control),were evaluated in three replications. The results of analysis of variance showed the effect of sowing date on number of rows per ear, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per ear, 1000-seed weight, ear length, plant height, ear length, grain yield, harvest index, re-transfer rate, efficiency Remittance, current photosynthesis rate, current photosynthesis efficiency, remittance share and current photosynthesis share were significant. There was a statistically significant difference between the studied hybrids in number of seeds per ear row, 1000-seed weight, ear length, plant height, seed yield and harvest index. The results showed that PL712 cultivar had the highest yield of 9294.217 kg on the 20th of July. With a delay in the planting date and the encounter of the pollination period with more favorable climatic conditions, Among the hybrids studied, Performance traits and performance components increased. Manuscript profile
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        52 - Study of physiological indices and yield of the rice varieties in north regions of Khuzestan
        Abdolali Gilani1 Seyed Ataallah Siadat2 Sami Jalali Kaveh Limouchi
        10.2./jpps.2018.541927
        In order to evaluation of trend yield and physiological indices variation of some current Rice cultivars an experiment was carried out in split-plot arrangement using randomized complete blocks design with three replication. In 2006 and 2007 years at Shavoor Agricultura More
        In order to evaluation of trend yield and physiological indices variation of some current Rice cultivars an experiment was carried out in split-plot arrangement using randomized complete blocks design with three replication. In 2006 and 2007 years at Shavoor Agricultural Research Station in Khuzestan province. For exposing rice cultivars to different higher temperature regimes, main plots were assigned to three sowing dates from 5 May with 20 days intervals and cultivars namely: Hoveizeh, Hamar (heat tolerance) Ghermez Anbori, Champa (heat sensitive) and Danial (relatively heat tolerant) were randomized in sub-plots. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the highest grain yield was harvested from the second sowing date (26 May). It was the superior to first sowing date (5May) with 62.5 percentages. The reason of higher yield related to superior physiological indices in panicle exertion, LAD in ripening duration and also higher dry matter storage potential. In among cultivars, Hoveizeh was the superior to other cultivars and had higher yield related to Ghermez Anbori, Champa with 50.9 and 36.3 percentage respectively. In spite of heat sensitive cultivars had higher of Maximum leaf area index but their's crop growth rate, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate were lower. Manuscript profile
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        53 - Evaluation of planting row spacing and plant spacing on the planting row in the sugar beet field in Karaj region
        Reza Esmaeili Rahim Mohammadian Hossein Heidari Sharif Abad Ghorban Noor Mohammadi
        10.2./jpps.2023.698972
        Since the yield of sugar beet is affected by the length of the growing period and agronomic management, to investigate the delayed cultivation, this experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 with two treatments of planting row spacing (Pr) with two levels of 25 and 40 c More
        Since the yield of sugar beet is affected by the length of the growing period and agronomic management, to investigate the delayed cultivation, this experiment was conducted in 2015 and 2016 with two treatments of planting row spacing (Pr) with two levels of 25 and 40 cm (main plot) and three levels of plant spacing on row (Ps) using 1.7, 2.4, and 3.1 units per hectare seeds (sub-plot), it was carried out in the form of split plots with a RCBD in four replications. By adding the harvest date treatment with two levels of conventional and delayed in the second year, the statistical design was changed to split plots factorial (Ps and harvest date as factorial). The highest percentage of white sugar content (WSC) and potassium was obtained in the 40 cm row spacing. In the second year, a 37% decrease in the number of final roots compared to the first year caused a 25% decrease in root yield (RY), 31% in white sugar yield (WSY), and 21% in irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). Contrary to the first year, the effect of Ps was not significant on traits such as RY, WSY, and IWUE, while it had no significant effect on the percentage of WSC in any of the two years. In the second year, with a delay in harvesting, the increase in WSY and IWUE was 32% and 16%, respectively. Therefore, Pr of 25 cm and Ps of 22 cm (2.4 units) is recommended for the Karaj region. Manuscript profile
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        54 - Evaluation of effect planting mechanization pattern and method irrigation on consumption irrigation efficiency and wheat yield
        Amin Reza Jamshidi1*
        For evaluating the operation of two systems of planting wheat in raised bed planting with furrow irrigation in comparison with conventional planting with Flooding irrigation a testing was conducted in year of 2017-18 in Shoushtar township located in north of Khuzestan p More
        For evaluating the operation of two systems of planting wheat in raised bed planting with furrow irrigation in comparison with conventional planting with Flooding irrigation a testing was conducted in year of 2017-18 in Shoushtar township located in north of Khuzestan province. The attendees were conducted which induced type of planting (wet planting, dry planting), planting with line adopting on the mound (fixed furrow-spring furrow) and 3 line of planting on the mound with spaces of 60 and 75 cm in 3 line in the furrow of random complete blocks with 3 replications. Wet planting with the use of line adopting with spring furrow and spaces of 75 cm increased the operation (p< 0/01) in compares with other attendances by 33%. Also, the harvest index showed a meaning full difference on the factor of space between row and type of planting at the type of furrow (p<0/01) the most operation of seed was related with the amount of 5467 kg related to wet planting and 75 cm rows space and use of line adopting with spring furrower and the least operation with the amount of 4133 kg was related to conventional planting. The results of calculations showed that wet planting has 15% more Irrigation efficiency in compares with tool steeling and conventional planting with irrigation efficiency of 2/184 kg /m3 was the least and planting on atmospheric and 75 cm mound with irrigation efficiency with 29% difference. So, planting with wet planting in rows of 75 cm with spring furrow was the most suitable attendance in increasing operation of seed and irrigation efficiency. Manuscript profile
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        55 - Evaluation of the effect of planting date on yield and dry matter remobilization of wheat cultivars
        Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Mahboubeh Ranjbar
        10.2./jpps.2023.703387
        In order to evaluate different planting dates in wheat cultivars on yield and remobilization of dry matter in the crop year 1396-97 in Ahvaz in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the main factor included three planting More
        In order to evaluate different planting dates in wheat cultivars on yield and remobilization of dry matter in the crop year 1396-97 in Ahvaz in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the main factor included three planting dates of December 11, 31 December and January 20 and the sub-factor included four bread wheat cultivars Chamran-2, Sirvan, Mehregan and Chamran. the results showed that the effect of planting date and cultivar on current photosynthesis rate, current photosynthesis efficiency, remobilization rate and remobilization efficiency was significant at 1% level and the interaction effect of planting date and cultivar on grain yield and biological yield was significant at 1% level. the highest grain yield was obtained on planting date of December 11 and Chamran-2 cultivar (5420 kg/ha) while the lowest grain yield was obtained on planting date of 31 December and Sirvan cultivar (2660 kg/ha). the highest amount of remobilization was obtained from the date of planting on December 11 (153.45 g/m2) and the lowest rate was obtained from the date of planting on January 20 (100.25 g/m2). as a result, the planting date of December 11 was superior to other planting dates due to the provision of suitable temperature and radiation conditions in the vegetative and reproductive period and its favorable effect on yield and dry matter transfer of wheat in Chamran-2 cultivar. Manuscript profile
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        56 - Effect of Plant Population and Arrangement on Yield and Yield Components of Medicine Plant Nigella Sativa
        بهناز عبدالرحيمي
        Abstract This research has been done to study the effects of plant population and arrangement on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of three different varieties of Nigella Sativa. The study was conducted in the form of factorial with completely random blocks More
        Abstract This research has been done to study the effects of plant population and arrangement on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of three different varieties of Nigella Sativa. The study was conducted in the form of factorial with completely random blocks designed with 4 replications at Saatloo Agricultural Station – W. Azarbaijan. In this research the first factors (A) contained two 20 and 40 cm inter-rows; the second factors (B) contained three 2, 4 and 6 cm intra -rows; and the third factors (C) contained three different varieties of Baft, Bukan, and Arbil. The specimens were planted on April 22nd, 2009. The results showed that the effects of plant population and arrangement harvest on capsules and total weight of stems, leaf weight, seed weight, oil percentage and seed efficiency were significant. Baft ranked in a good position in efficiency, but 1000-gram weight in Arbil variety was better. Seed efficiencies of inter-row 20cm, of intra –row 2cm, and variety of Baft were respectively equal to 1923.1, 2341.1, and 2148.1 kg/hec. On the whole Baft variety planted at 20 cm inter-row and 2 cm intra-row was the most efficient of Nigella Sativa. Manuscript profile
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        57 - Effect of Planting Date on the Yield of Potato Cultivars in Chaypareh Region
        حسين قاسمي
        In order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicati More
        In order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors; the first one , planting date in four levels ( March 5th , April5th , May 5th, and June 5th ); and the second variety in three levels ( Marfona , Agria , and Moren ) were considered. The results showed that the effects of planting date and variety on plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, number of tuber per plant and their sizes were significant. The maximum tuber yield ( 33.13 ton/ha ) was obtained from planting date of March 5th with Moren variety and Marfona ( 33.13 ton/ha ) with planting date April5th, did not have significant difference. Therefore, Moren Variety due to long growing season and high costs are not suitable , on the other hand, Marfona variety with planting date in April 5th is recommended for Chaypareh region of Khoy. Manuscript profile
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        58 - Effect of plant density and planting pattern on yield components and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Tarom Amrollahi
        norollah kheyri حمیدرضا MOBASER بهنام masoodi پرویز YADOLAHI
        In order to study the effects of plant density and planting pattern on agronomic traits of rice (var. Tarom Amrollahi), a field experiment was conducted as a factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Amol in 2013. Treatments consisted of More
        In order to study the effects of plant density and planting pattern on agronomic traits of rice (var. Tarom Amrollahi), a field experiment was conducted as a factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Amol in 2013. Treatments consisted of three levels of plant density (1, 3 and 5 seedlings per hill) and four levels of planting pattern (15×15, 20×20, 25×25 and 30×30 cm2). Results showed that the interaction effect between plant density and planting pattern was significant on all traits, except fertile tiller number per hill. Increasing the plant density, decreased the plant height, panicle length and number of filled and unfilled grain, but increased the panicle number per m2 and grain yield. Changing the planting pattern from 30×30 to 15×15 cm2, decreased the fertile tiller number per hill by 56.9 %. The treatment of 25×25 and 30×30 cm2 planting pattern with 5 seedlings per hill was represented the highest amount of 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield was obtained in the treatment of 20×20 cm2 planting pattern and 3 seedlings per hill with the average of 6550 kg.ha-1. It seems that, the plant density of 3 seedlings per hill and planting pattern of 20×20 cm2 was considered as the best planting density for rice of var. Tarom Amrollahi. Manuscript profile
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        59 - Effect of Planting Patterns on Grain Yield and Morphological Characteristics of Soybean (Glycine max L.) in the Competition with Weeds
        zahra Jouzayan Alireza Yadavi Mohsen Movahedi Dehnavi Eisa Maghsoudi
        To investigate the effect of planting patterns on morphological characteristics of soybean (cv. Villiam) in the competition with weeds, an experiment was carried out in summer of 2010 at the field of Agriculture Research Station of Yasouj University. In this study a spl More
        To investigate the effect of planting patterns on morphological characteristics of soybean (cv. Villiam) in the competition with weeds, an experiment was carried out in summer of 2010 at the field of Agriculture Research Station of Yasouj University. In this study a split factorial was used based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main factors were (weedy and weed control) and subplots were row spacing (30, 45 and 60 cm) and soybean plant density (40, 50 and 60 plants m -2). The results showed that plant density and row spacing of soybean had significant effects on plant height, leaf area index, stem diameter and grain yield of soybean. With increasing of density and reduction of row spacing, increased grain yield of soybean, so that among the density different treatments the highest grain yield (240.6 gr m-2) was obtained from density of 60 plants m-2 and among the treatments of row spacing different the most grain yield (236.8 gr m-2) was obtained from 30 cm row spacing. Weed morphological characteristics (Lambsquarters and Amaranthus) was significantly affect by the plant density and row spacing of soybean, so that increasing of plant density and reduction of row spacing led to reduction of 22.7 and 29.8 percent dry weight of Amaranthus of weeds, respectively. The results, totally showed that changes in soybean planting patterns (plant spacing and row spacing) via effects on plant competitive ability against weed can be used as an cultural and non-chemical method for weed control. Manuscript profile
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        60 - Evaluation of economic yield and productivity indices in row intercropping of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata) and alyssum (Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.)
        Mohammad Hassan Hatefi Farajian Alireza Koocheki Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati
        In order to study the effect of row intercropping patterns of lettuce and alyssum economic yield and productivity indices, a field experiment was conducted as a completely randomized blocks design with three replications during growing in 2014-2015 at Agricultural Resea More
        In order to study the effect of row intercropping patterns of lettuce and alyssum economic yield and productivity indices, a field experiment was conducted as a completely randomized blocks design with three replications during growing in 2014-2015 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Treatment included 1 row of lettuce + 1 row alyssum (1:1), 2 rows lettuce + 2 rows alyssum (2:2), 3 rows lettuce + 3 rows alyssum (3:3) and their monoculture. The results showed that the effect of row intercropping patterns of lettuce and alyssum was significant on fresh weight of both crops. The highest fresh weight of lettuce and alyssum was observed in monoculture with 36200 and 5909.2 kg per hectare, respectively. The highest total land equivalent ratio (1.04) was obtained from 2:2 treatment, indicating 4% yield advantage of intercropping and represents a more efficient use of land in this cropping pattern compared to the monoculture of two crops. The highest competition index was achieved from 3:3 treatment (2.96). In addition, the highest system productivity index was obtained in row intercropping pattern 2:2 with 35466.5. Therefore, it seems that the row intercropping pattern of 2:2 was higher in land equivalent ratio and as well as system productivity index compared to other row intercropping patterns to obtain the highest yield and income than monoculture. Manuscript profile
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        61 - Investigation of selenium usage effect on yields and its components of seed and oilseed of rape (Brassica napus L.) on normal and delayed cropping Conditions
        Abdoreza Davoudi Bahram Mirshekari Amirhossein Shirani Rad Farhad Farhvash Varham Rashidi
        In order to Investigation of selenium effect on Seed yields and its components, oil yield of different genotypes under normal and delayed planting Conditions a field experiment a factorial split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design wit More
        In order to Investigation of selenium effect on Seed yields and its components, oil yield of different genotypes under normal and delayed planting Conditions a field experiment a factorial split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at field experimental of seed and plant Improvement Institute, Iran, Karaj, during two growing seasons 2013-2015. The first factor is Planting date at three levels Including planting on 6 October (normal planting), 17 october and 26 october (delayed planting) and selenium including non application selenium (Sprayed with net water) and selenium application as Second factor, on main plots and Six genotypes from canola including Opera ,L72 ,KR1 ,GKH3705 ,GKH0224, Neptune as Third factor, on sub plots. The results showed that the effect of selenium, planting date and varieties on all of the traits was significant. the interaction effect between planting date and genotypes was statistically significant on number of silique per plant, Thousand seed weight, seed yield, erucic acid and seeds glucosinolate. Although the selenium application in all planting dates increases the seed yield but the increase in normal planting condition (15 October) at the Opera was 8/7%, and in delayed planting conditions (5 November) in the line KR1 was 13/4%, So that it became clear the selenium application in delayed planting conditions, improving seed yield from 2536 to 2876 kg per hectare was in line KR1. Manuscript profile
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        62 - Effect of planting pattern on some growth traits, seed yield and oil yield of spring rapeseed cultivars in Ardabil region
        Gholamreza Hamzehpour Ahmad Tobeh Parisa Sheikhzadeh
        AbstractsThis experiment was conducted as factorial base on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station, Samian, Ardabil in 2015. The first factor included three canola cultivars (Hyola 308, Hyola 401 a More
        AbstractsThis experiment was conducted as factorial base on randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station, Samian, Ardabil in 2015. The first factor included three canola cultivars (Hyola 308, Hyola 401 and R.G.S 003), second factor was three row distances (20, 30 and 40 cm) and the third factor comprised of plant distances on row (5 and 10 cm). Results showed that the effect of cultivar was significant on traits of growth and reproductive periods, total growth period, and the number of pods per plant. Effect of cultivar and row spacing interaction was significant on seed oil, thousand seeds weight and seed yield. Also, interaction between cultivar, row spacing, and plant distances was significant on all traits except for oil yield. Spring rapeseed, Hyola 308 cultivar showed the highest seed yield (2.55 t ha-1), the highest pod per plant (338.89), and seed per plant (9536) in combination treatment of 20 cm row spacing and plant distance of 5 cm. Also, the highest oil yield (899.05 kg ha-1) was achieved by Hyola 308 planted in 20 and 30 cm row spacing. Having total period of vegetative and reproductive growth of 103 days, Hyola 308 cultivar was determined as the earliest growing cultivar. Generally, results showed that the Hyola 308, as early growing and high yielding cultivar, gained the highest oil and seed yield in combination treatment of plant spacing of 5 × 20 cm for this region. Manuscript profile
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        63 - Effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of different onion cultivars in short-day condition
        H. Kh M. Kh A. ابوطالبی
        In order to evaluate the effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of seven onion cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with four replications in Agricultural Research S More
        In order to evaluate the effect of direct seeding and transplanting methods on yield and yield components of seven onion cultivars, an experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design with four replications in Agricultural Research Station of Minab at 2011. The factors were consisted of culture methods (direct seeding and transplanting) and onion cultivars (602, 611, Mars, Mega, Primavera, Stratus and early White). Sowing in nursery was done in the middle of September and transplants were transferred to main field in the middle of November. Direct seeding was done at October, 22. In the direct seeding method, the transplants were thinned 50 days after sowing and plants distances were regulated 10 cm. Results showed that bolting percent, plant height and bulb shape index in the transplanting method were more than direct seeding method. Regarding, days to bulbing and harvest, transplanting onions were earlier ripening than direct seeding onions. Bulb yield in transplanting method was more than direct seeding method in all cultivars but this difference only was significant in 602, Mega and Stratus cultivars. The 611 and Primavera cultivars were earlier ripening than other cultivars. The lowest bulb yield was recorded in the 611 and Mars cultivars and there was no significant difference between other cultivars. Generally, in the condition of this experiment, transplanting method led to increasing of yield and early ripening of onion. Manuscript profile
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        64 - Study the effect of drought stress on oil percent, protein percent and fatty acids composition of soybean grain
        Maryam Divsalar زین العابدین طهماسبی سروستانی سید علی محمد مدرس ثانوی آیدین حمیدی
        In order to assess the effect of drought stress on seed chemical compositions and determine a stage In order to assess the effect of drought stress on seed chemical compositions and determine a stage that drought stress has the most effect on seed compositions, an exper More
        In order to assess the effect of drought stress on seed chemical compositions and determine a stage In order to assess the effect of drought stress on seed chemical compositions and determine a stage that drought stress has the most effect on seed compositions, an experiment was conducted as a split factorial based on complete randomized block design in three replications in agriculture faculty of Tarbiat Modares University in 2014. Four treatments of drought stress were exerted as withholding irrigation at flowering stage, pod formation, seed filling stage, and control (without stress). The other treatments were two soybean cultivars (Williams and L17) and the seeds resulted from three planting dates in Moghan in a last year (10 May, 10 June and 10 July). The measured traits included fatty acids percent, oil and protein percent of soybean grain. The results indicated that effect of drought stress was significant on oil and protein percent and also fatty acids except palmitic acid. The lowest percent of oil (19.29% ) and the highest percent of protein (37.36 %) were obtained by drought stress at seed filling stage. The highest percent of oleic acid (25.75%) and the lowest linolenic acid (5.98%) was observed in Williams at drought stress at seed filling stage. Regarding that the main purpose of soybean planting in Iran is oil production and drought stress at seed filling stage has negative effect on oil content, so irrigation in this stage of reproductive growth is necessary to achieve desirable oil yield. Manuscript profile
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        65 - The growth trend of seed of varieties of wheat
        ali ahmadi T. Hoseinpor فریبا محمدی R. Porghasemi
        Grain weight and grain yield components of the velocity and duration of filling them. Understanding the process of grain filling in wheat breeding programs may be used to increase the yield of cultivars helpful. In order to evaluate the effect of seed density on the gro More
        Grain weight and grain yield components of the velocity and duration of filling them. Understanding the process of grain filling in wheat breeding programs may be used to increase the yield of cultivars helpful. In order to evaluate the effect of seed density on the growth of wheat grain, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three varieties of wheat (Koohdasht, Chamran and Zagros) and seed densities (100, 200, 300 400 and 500 seeds per square meter) was conducted at the agricultural Research Station in Khorramabad. Components for grain growth after pollination eight sampling intervals of five days, grain dry weight was measured. The results showed that grain yield, biological yield, straw yield and number of ears per square meter and highly significant positive correlation, negative correlation with seed weight and hectoliter weight but very significant and the number of grains per spike, and for high-speed grain non-significant negative correlation. The dry weight of grain every three varieties showed that the dry weight of the grain density of 300 seeds per square meter Koohdasht and lowest grain yield was related to the number density of 200 seeds per square meter Manuscript profile
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        66 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of grain corn under the influence of planting date and hybrid in winter cultivation
        Hamid Najafikjad Mohammad Ali Javaheri seyed zabi Ravari
        In Orzoiyeh region, water deficit is the most important environmental stress limiting plant growth and production. A field experiment was conducted over two years 2010-2011 in Orzoiyeh Research Station to determine the most suitable of planting date and hybrid for winte More
        In Orzoiyeh region, water deficit is the most important environmental stress limiting plant growth and production. A field experiment was conducted over two years 2010-2011 in Orzoiyeh Research Station to determine the most suitable of planting date and hybrid for winter cultivation of corn . This study was conducted as a split- plot in randomized complete block design with four replications. Main plots were planting date with four levels ( 3 February, 17 February, 2 March, 18 March) and sub plots were four different corn hybrids (TWC 600, TWC 647, SC 704, SC 720). Results showed that there weren’t any significant difference between planting dates for grain yield and yield components, but planting in 18 March had the highest plant height and ear diameter. Between corn hybrids, SC 720 produced highest grain yield (10.48 t ha-1). Grain yield in SC720 hybrid was 2.02 t ha-1 higher than control (SC 704). SC‌720 hybrid had the highest amounts of ear diameter and number row per ear than others. Based on these results, can be concluded that in Orzoiyeh region, cultivation of corn in the range of 3 February to 18 March is possible, but 18 march is the best planting date. As well as SC 720 as a new hybrid can be introduced in this region. Manuscript profile
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        67 - Investigation of dry matter changes in different organs of four safflower cultivars
        Benyamin Torabi Hasan Saadatkhah Valialah Dadrasi Nastaran Solhi-Oskoui
        The aim of this study was to quantify the dry matter production in different organs in safflower. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized block design with four replicates in Research Farm of Vali-e-Asr University in 2012. F More
        The aim of this study was to quantify the dry matter production in different organs in safflower. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted based on completely randomized block design with four replicates in Research Farm of Vali-e-Asr University in 2012. Factors were included sowing dates (4 April, 25 April and 16 May) and cultivars (411, Sina, Local Isfahan and Sofeh). Results showed that linear exponential model best described the trend of dry matter production versus days after planting. Maximum dry matter accumulation was obtained in the first planting date and decreased with a delay in planting. With delay in planting, maximum stem dry mater accumulation and time to maximum stem growth rate were decreased. In the first and second planting dates, stem dry matter was high for local Isfahan cultivar. While there was no a significant difference among cultivars in the third planting date. The trend of grain dry mater accumulation was described the best with logistical models. Grain dry matter accumulation had high in the first and second planting date and then strongly reduced in the third planting date. In the first and second planting dates, maximum grain dry matter had not significantly different among different cultivars. In the second planting date minimum grain dry mater accumulation was obtained from 411 cultivars. Manuscript profile
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        68 - Effect of planting date on grain yield and yield components of three winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars in Fars province
        A. Bahrani M. Haghjo
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield and yield components of three canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.), a field experiment was conducted by using factorial with on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications More
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield and yield components of three canola cultivars (Brassica napus L.), a field experiment was conducted by using factorial with on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at Siyakh Darengoon region of Fars province during 2011-2012. Treatments were including four planting dates (6 Sep. 21 Sep. 6 Oct. and 21 Oct.) and three cultivars of winter oilseed rape (Talaye، Likord and Okapi). The results showed that the effect of cultivars on number of pod per plant, number of seed per the pod, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield was significant. The highest grain yield obtained in Talaye cultivar and 21 Sep. with the average of 2006 and 1760 kg ha-1, respectively. Also delay in planting date led to decreasing of number of pod per plant , number of seed per pod, 1000- kernel weight, grain yield and harvest index. In general, it appeared that planting date in 21 Sep. and Talaye cultivar were the most suitable planting date and cultivar in this area and similar regions. Manuscript profile
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        69 - Estimated extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter production coefficients rapeseed plant (Hyola 401) in Khuzestan
        حسین کمایی علیرضا ابدالی مشهدی جعفر پوررضا داود امیدی نسب
        In order to estimate the extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter distribution coefficients of rapeseed plant (Hyola 401), at different planting dates and plant density a field experiment carried out in research station of Ramin Agricultural and N More
        In order to estimate the extinction coefficient, radiation use efficiency and dry matter distribution coefficients of rapeseed plant (Hyola 401), at different planting dates and plant density a field experiment carried out in research station of Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University of Khouzestan in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design whit four replications in the 2011-2012. Treatments were three sowing dates (November 29 th, December 19 th and January 8 th) and four plant densities (50, 70, 90 and 110 plants per square meter). The extinction coefficient for canola in this trial was 0.39. Radiation use efficiency of canola growing on different dates obtained 0.92 g /MJ photosynthetically active radiation. the maximum dry matter production between treatment combinations showed significant differences (P<0/05), So that the highest and lowest dry matter were observed, in the first planting date and density of the fourth (1125/2 g.m2) and third planting date and density of the first (368 g.m2) respectively. Maximum crop growth rate in the linear phase of the treatment combination was significant (P<0/05). Maximum and minimum CGR were obtained in the first and fourth planting density (28/88 g.m-2.day-1) in the third planting date and density of the first (9/98 g.m-2.day-1) respectively. Also check the pod harvest index against day after flowering showed that increase HI Rapeseed plant is dependent to the longer duration of the linear phase in increase harvest index. Manuscript profile
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        70 - Assessment Water Consumption and Planting Pattern on Edaphic Soil Properties and Grain Yields of Corn in Khouzestan Province
        H. Dashti Sh. Lak غلامرضا عبادوز
        This research was conducted as split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replication at research farm of Islamic Azad university of Ahvaz branch to determine water requirement and optimum planting pattern of corn hybrid (S.C 704) in 2012. More
        This research was conducted as split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replication at research farm of Islamic Azad university of Ahvaz branch to determine water requirement and optimum planting pattern of corn hybrid (S.C 704) in 2012. Main plot was irrigation included three level (60%, 80%, 100%) and sub plot was included two planting pattern (cultivate in furrow and middle of stack). Effect of water requirement on all measured traits (soil salinity, soil moisture percent, sodium absorption rate, day to flowering, days to silk appearance 50%, number of rows per ear, number of grain per row, grain weight, grain yield, yield dry matter) expect harvest index were significant at 1% probability level. Interaction effect of water requirement and planting pattern on traits of soil salinity, soil moisture percent, sodium absorption rate, grain yield and dry matter yield were significant. Treatment of 100% water irrigation and planting at furrow had Maximum grain yield (1086.2 g.m-2) and yield dry matter (2060.5 g.m-2). Maximum soil salinity (6.183 ds.m-1) and sodium abortion rate (4.487) were achieved at treatment of 60% Irrigation and planting on middle of stack. Generally it can be recommended to planting furrow without drought stress and supply water requirement completely to achieve maximum corn yield in Khuzestan sour lip land. Manuscript profile
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        71 - Investigation of Polyethylene Mulch on Improvement of Tomato Water Use Efficiency using AquaCrop Model
        razieh Eskandaripour afshin khorsand vahid rezaverdinejad kamran zeinalzazdeh amir Norjoo
        In this study, the Aquacrop model was evaluated to predict the crop yield and the water use efficiency of tomato in climatic conditions Kahriz region, and use mulch cover was modeling. The research was carried out at split plot factorial experiment based on randomized d More
        In this study, the Aquacrop model was evaluated to predict the crop yield and the water use efficiency of tomato in climatic conditions Kahriz region, and use mulch cover was modeling. The research was carried out at split plot factorial experiment based on randomized design. The factors of between-row spacing (100 and 120cm), in-row spacing (30 and 40cm) and black plastic were studied. The treatment of black plastic were: full ridge and half furrow were covered by mulch; full furrow and half ridge were covered by mulch and control (no mulch). Every plot was irrigated separately. The model was calibrated by the use of first year’s data, and as a result on the base of R2 (0.99) and NRMSE (0.19). Efficiency parameters, it is obvious that Aquacrop appropriately simulates the crop yield, WUE and soil water content of the root zone for tomato under different planting densities and three types of mulch. Manuscript profile
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        72 - Effect of planting methods and seed ingrates on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
        داوود افیونی اردشیر اسدی لیلی صفایی سمانه متقی omid Lotfifar
        In order to comparison of bed planting (3 rows on 75 cm beds) and flat planting (random broadcast pattern) of wheat, in different seed rates in terms of yield, yield components and water use efficiency, an experiment was conducted with use of randomized complete block d More
        In order to comparison of bed planting (3 rows on 75 cm beds) and flat planting (random broadcast pattern) of wheat, in different seed rates in terms of yield, yield components and water use efficiency, an experiment was conducted with use of randomized complete block design with 7 treatments and 3 replications during 2008-2009 in Isfahan city. Treatments included bed planted wheat in 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1 seed rates, and flat planted wheat in 60, 120, 180 and 300 kg ha-1 seed rates. Although flat planting with consumption of 180 kg of seeds ha-1 produced highest yield but had not significant differences with bed and flat planting methods with 120 kg seeds ha-1. Flat planting with 60 kg of seed ha-1 due to a significant reduction in the number of grains per spike and spike had the lowest yield. Flat planting and 300 kg of seeds ha-1 (conventional method) had yield of equivalent with bed planted and consumed 120 kg of seed ha-1. Water use efficiency was 11 percent more and used water was 14 percent less on a bed culture method than the flat method. In summary, using a bed planting up to 120 kg of seeds ha- 1 in similar conditions study, compared to conventional method is recommended. Manuscript profile
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        73 - The Effect of Planting Dates and Rice Residue Application (Mulch) on Growth and Yield of Cranberry Bean
        رقیه قربانی محمد نقی صفرزاده ویشکایی
        Planting data and soil moisture retention are the most important factors influencing the increase crop yield. In order to evaluate the effect of planting dates and rice residue application (mulch) on growth and yield of cranberry bean, a factorial experiment arranged in More
        Planting data and soil moisture retention are the most important factors influencing the increase crop yield. In order to evaluate the effect of planting dates and rice residue application (mulch) on growth and yield of cranberry bean, a factorial experiment arranged in a complete blocks design with three replications was conducted in Koochesfehan (Rasht, Iran). The factors were planting dates 3 levels (23 April, 30 April and 7 May) and mulch application with 2 levels (with mulch, without mulch). Results indicated that planting dates had significant effect on parameters, exactly number of green pods had significant effect on parameters, exactly number of green seeds, number of flowers, biological and productivity score. Interaction between planting dates and mulch had significant effect on number of dry seeds, number of root nodules, dry seed yield, biological yield and productivity score. Comparison of means indicated that first planting date had the highest effect on parameters; number of green seeds (29.79), number of dry seeds (30.03) and number of flowers (16) per plant, dry pod yield (1139.58 Kg/ha) and harvest index (47.93%). Mulch application had the highest effect on parameters; number of green pod per plant (8.33), pod yield (1085.28 Kg/ha) and harvest index (42.68%). Overall the first planting date (23 April) and application of mulch had higher effect on dry seed yield and productivity score of cranberry bean. Manuscript profile
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        74 - Effect of sowing date on yield and some agronomic and physiological characteristic of three grain sorghum cultivars
        Seyed Ali Tabatabaei Ehsan Shakeri Yahya Emam
        To evaluate the effects of different planting dates on some agronomic, physiological characteristics and yield of grain sorghum, an experiment was designed and carried out in Agricultural and Natural Resources and Education Center, Yazd province, Iran, in a split plot e More
        To evaluate the effects of different planting dates on some agronomic, physiological characteristics and yield of grain sorghum, an experiment was designed and carried out in Agricultural and Natural Resources and Education Center, Yazd province, Iran, in a split plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications in 2012 & 2013 growing seasons. Five different sowing date (19 Apr, 5 May, 20 May, 5 Jun and 20 Jun) and three genotypes (Payam, Sepideh and Kimia) were allocated in main plots and subplots, respectively. Results showed that the highest amount of all measured traits were obtained from Sepideh genotype in first and second sowing dates. The highest grain yield (8424 kg/ha) was harvested from Sepideh genotype at sowing date of 19 Apr. Based on the results of the present investigation, it appeared that in similar agro-climatic conditions, earlier sowing in spring may result to a better harvest. Manuscript profile
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        75 - Evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province
        mahsa fazel mohammad azimi masoud ahmadi mohammad Armin hasan hamidy
        To evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province, a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted separately in two regions (Jovin and Torbet-Jam) in 2018-19.In the Jovein region, More
        To evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province, a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted separately in two regions (Jovin and Torbet-Jam) in 2018-19.In the Jovein region, 94.11 percent of the total variation in the data was explained by three components. Based on these findings, the characteristics of molasses sugar, sodium content, sugar extraction coefficient, and root yield are the most appropriate selection criteria for winter planting genotypes. Using Ward's method, cluster analysis revealed that the investigated genotypes were distributed into three clusters in both regions. FDIR19B3021 genotype in the first cluster of the Jovin region and FDIR19B4028 genotype in the Torbet-Jam region, SBSI-6 and SVZA2019-JD0402 genotypes in the second cluster as desirable genotypes for the Jovin and Torbet-Jam regions, and SVZA2019-JD0400 genotype in the third cluster. The Perfekta variety was selected as the Torbet-Jam representative for the Jovin region. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the genotypes used in the two regions are distinct, and that the increase in root impurities is a problem associated with winter cultivation, despite the fact that the root yield is maximized. The FDIR19B3021 genotype is recommended in the Jovin region, while the FDIR19B4028 genotype can be suggested in the Torbet-Jam region. Manuscript profile
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        76 - Effect of planting date on grain yield and yield components of three winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars in Fars province
        M. Haghjoo A. Bahrani
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield and yield components of three canola cultivars a factorial arranged field experiment was conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at Siyakh Darengoon region More
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates on yield and yield components of three canola cultivars a factorial arranged field experiment was conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at Siyakh Darengoon region of Fars province during 2011-2012. Treatments included of four planting dates (6 Sep. 21 Sep. 6 Oct. and 21 Oct.) and three winter oilseed rape cultivars (Talaye, Likord and Okapi). The results showed that the effect of cultivars on number of silique per plant, number of seed per silique, 1000-kernel weight and grain yield was significant. The highest grain yield obtained in Talaye cultivar and 21 Sep. with the average of 2006 kg ha-1. Also, delay in planting date led to decreasing of number of silique per plant, number of seed per silique, 1000- kernel weight,  grain yield and harvest index. In general, it appeared that planting date in 21 Sep. and Talaye cultivar were the most suitable planting date and cultivar in this area and similar regions. Manuscript profile
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        77 - Investigation effect of cultivar, planting date and humic acid on protein content, oil seed and chlorophyll content in (Ricinus communis L.)
        R. Moradi H. Afshari J. Masoud Sinaki M. Zadeh Bagheri
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates and application of different sprayed humic acid compounds on physiological and chemical characteristics in different cultivars of grasses Castor (Ricinus communis L.), an experiment was conducted at the rese More
        In order to investigate the effect of different planting dates and application of different sprayed humic acid compounds on physiological and chemical characteristics in different cultivars of grasses Castor (Ricinus communis L.), an experiment was conducted at the research farm of Agricultural Research Station located in Shiraz Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Fars, Iran (located at 29°37′N52°32′E and 1486 m altitude elevated from sea level) during spring 2013. The experiment design was laid out entirely in a split–factorial arranged in a randomized completed block design (RCBD) with three replications. In the present study, two different varieties of Ricinus communis L. named Impala and Local Dameghan cultivars were considered as the main factor, two levels of sprayed humic acid (1500 and 3000kg/ha-1) as the second factor and planting date as the third factor. During these treatments at harvest time stage, the quantitative and qualitative properties, including (seed yield, oil seed, protein content, total chlorophyll content, carotenoid content) were measured and compared with control. Result showed that total chlorophyll content and oil seed percent at 17 June planting date was significant at P <0.01. The results indicated that the highest seed oil (50.08%), chlorophyll a (5.17 mg/g), chlorophyll b(5.35 mg/g) and carotenoid content (59.17mg/g) were related to the application of 3000kg/ha-1 humic acid treatment. In addition, the results showed that the highest protein content (22.3%) was related to Local Dameghan cultivar. On the other hand, the highest seed oil (47.4%) and chlorophyll a (5.1mg/g) and chlorophyll b (5.2 mg/g) were recorded for improvement cultivar. Manuscript profile
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        78 - Effect of two methods of direct planting and transplanting on rate of dodder parasitizing of commercial tomato cultivars
        Z. Moradi M. Madandost F. Sadeghi
        In tomato, parasite plants such as dodder that is a stem parasite has a major effect on yield. To control and keep the host from their harmful effects it is needed to use selective herbicides. Therefore other control methods are needed. In order to evaluate the effects More
        In tomato, parasite plants such as dodder that is a stem parasite has a major effect on yield. To control and keep the host from their harmful effects it is needed to use selective herbicides. Therefore other control methods are needed. In order to evaluate the effects of transplanting and direct planting methods of tomato cultivars on dodder (Cuscuta sp) parasitizing, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at Islamic Azad University of Shiraz, in 2012. The experiment was based on a randomized complete design (RCD) with factorial arrangement with three replications. The first factor was tomato cultivars (Falat CH, Petoldoli and Fk) and the second factor was different methods of planting (direct and transplant). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among cultivars for plant height, fruit yield and root fresh weight. The highest and lowest fruit yields were obtained from Falat Ch (40.82 g) and Petoldoli (24.41 g), respectively. In relation to the effect of planting methods, the results showed that plant height, fruit yield and diameter and fresh and dry weights of tomato were higher in direct planting method than transplanting while dry weight of dodder was higher in transplanting method. The results also showed that reduction in tomato Falat CH yield was higher than Petoldoli and Fk and this cultivar was more resistant to be parasitized by dodder. Manuscript profile
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        79 - بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد در رقم نخود آبی. آزاد در کرمان، ایران
        H. Sepanji Babaki H. Heydary sharifabad M.H. Shirzadi
        به منظور تعیین تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود معمولی آبی رقم آزاد در شهرستان کرمان، این آزمایش در سال 91-1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان انجام شد. سه تاریخ کاشت (15 فوریه، 27 دسامبر، 6 ژانویه) و 3 تراکم بوته (22، 33، 66 (ب More
        به منظور تعیین تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و تراکم بوته بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد نخود معمولی آبی رقم آزاد در شهرستان کرمان، این آزمایش در سال 91-1390 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان انجام شد. سه تاریخ کاشت (15 فوریه، 27 دسامبر، 6 ژانویه) و 3 تراکم بوته (22، 33، 66 (بوته در متر مربع)) به عنوان کرت های فاکتوریل، با استفاده از RCBD مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان می دهد که تاخیر در تاریخ کاشت باعث کاهش معنی دار تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف و عملکرد دانه شد. افزایش تراکم بوته باعث کاهش تعداد غلاف در بوته، تعداد دانه در غلاف و افزایش معنی‌دار عملکرد دانه شد. بیشترین عملکرد (6/2785 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تاریخ کاشت اول و 66 بوته در متر مربع برداشت شد. به نظر می رسد تاخیر در کاشت باعث کاهش دوره رشد و در نتیجه کاهش مواد ذخیره شده در گیاه نخود و از طرفی همزمان با فاز زایشی با گرمای فصل بهار شد که باعث کاهش کوددهی گل و در نتیجه افزایش توخالی غلاف و کاهش عملکرد دانه شد. افزایش تراکم بوته باعث کاهش اجزای عملکرد و افزایش عملکرد دانه به دلیل تعداد بوته در متر مربع شد. افزایش عملکرد دانه به دلیل افزایش تراکم بوته محدود است، زیرا افزایش تراکم بوته بیش از 66 (بوته در متر مربع) رقابت درونی و بیرونی بوته را افزایش می دهد که منجر به عملکرد کمتر می شود. Manuscript profile
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        80 - The Effect of Potassium and Zinc Application on Resistant to Lodging of Two Wheat Cultivars
        MARYAM ZAHERI ALI GHOLAMI HABIBOLLAH NADIAN EBRAHIM PANAHPOUR
        Manuscript profile
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        81 - Effect of Different Planting Distributions on Yield and Forage Quality of Common Vetch (Vicia sativa L. )
        NASIM PIRSAMADI MOHAMMAD SEDGHI RASOUL RASOUL FAKHARI NASIM HASANZADEH ALI BARGHI
        Manuscript profile
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        82 - Optimum Planting Density of Mung Bean for Lordegan Region
        MOHAMAD HESAM SHAHRAJABIAN WENLI SUN QI CHENG LOTFALI LOTFI ALI MOLAEI
        10.30486/roce.2019.678264
        Manuscript profile
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        83 - The Effect of Foliar Application of Iron and Proline Nanoparticles on Biochemical, Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Quinoa Plant in Different Cultivation Dates
        RAHMAT SALEHI ABBAS MALEKI MOHAMMAD MIRZAEI HEYDARI ALIREZA RANGIN AMIR MIRZAEI
        10.30486/roce.2022.707867
        Manuscript profile
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        84 - Determination of the best planting date and cultivar of rainfed barley in Hamedan
        J. Hamzeei A. Azadbakht S. M. Seyedi
        The aim of this research was to study the effect of planting dates of 6 Oct., 5 Nov. and 5 Dec., 2013 as S1, S2 and S3 treatments, respectively, on growth, yield and yield components of five barely cultivars (C1; Mahally as a control, C2; Abidar, C3; Valfagr, C4;Bahman More
        The aim of this research was to study the effect of planting dates of 6 Oct., 5 Nov. and 5 Dec., 2013 as S1, S2 and S3 treatments, respectively, on growth, yield and yield components of five barely cultivars (C1; Mahally as a control, C2; Abidar, C3; Valfagr, C4;Bahman and C5; Makoyei). A factorial experiment was done based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Bu- Ali Sina University. Traits of plan height, number of spike m-2, number of grain spike-1, 1000- seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index (HI) were evaluted. Results showed that planting date treatment had significant effects on all traits. Maximum grain yield (420.82 g m-2) was attained at S1 treatment. S3 treatment in comparison with S1 treatment decreased grain yield up to 46.5%. At the late planting date (S3) due to exposure of plants with heat and drought of late season, grain yield of barley decreased. Also, maximum biological yield (906.33 g m-2) was achieved at planting date of 6 Oct. (S1). Between barley cultivars for traits of grain and biological yields was different significant. Valfagr cultivar with average of 382.83 g m-2, produced the highest value of grain yield and this coutivar had significant difference with other cultivars. The interaction of planting date × cultivar was significant only for grain number spike-1. Maximum and minimum values for grain number spike-1 were achieved at S1×C3 and S3×C1 treatments, respectively. In this study the most suitable planting date and barley cultivar for Hamadan region was determine planting date of 6 Oct. and Valfajr cultivar. Manuscript profile
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        85 - Assessment of Planting Distribution Effects and Phosphorus Rate on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Agronomic Characteristics and Yield in Freidan Region (Esfahan)
        H. Turajzadeh M. R. Naderi Darbaghshahi A. Soleimani A. R. Golparvar
             In order to evaluate of the planting distribution effects and phosphorus rate on potato agronomic characteristics and yield, this study was conducted in an agricultural research farm, located in Freidan, in the province of Isfahan in 2009-2010. More
             In order to evaluate of the planting distribution effects and phosphorus rate on potato agronomic characteristics and yield, this study was conducted in an agricultural research farm, located in Freidan, in the province of Isfahan in 2009-2010. The study was conducted in the form of strip plots designed as randomized complete blocks with four replications. The horizontal factor included four different planting distribution styles of single rows, double rows, zigzag, and three rows with respective planting densities of 5.3, 6.6, 6.6 and 8 per m2. The vertical factor included four different levels of phosphorus, including controls,10 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent increase in consumption above the recommended level. By reducing the row spacing and increasing density in the three-row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus increase, stem height, total air plant weight, leaf area index, number of tubers and tuber yield increased significantly per unit area. The maximum tuber yield equal 53 tons per hectare obtained from treatment of three-row planting distribution+10 percent phosphorus. According to the results, the single-row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus produce 38 tons per hectare and larger size tubers would be appropriate in tuber production for domestic consumption and the three row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus produce 53 tons per hectare and smaller size tubers would be appropriate in tuber production for seeding purposes in terms similar to those of this research. Manuscript profile
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        86 - Effect of planting date and cutting leaves on agronomic traits and yield of sunflower cultivars in dry farming
        M. Javaheri J. Daneshian
        In order to study effectsofplanting date and cutting leaves on agronomic traits and yield of sunflower cultivars a field experiment was carried out in a split factorial experiment arranged in RCBD in 2005. Main plots consist of four planting date with ten days increment More
        In order to study effectsofplanting date and cutting leaves on agronomic traits and yield of sunflower cultivars a field experiment was carried out in a split factorial experiment arranged in RCBD in 2005. Main plots consist of four planting date with ten days increment (from 30 march till 30 April 2005) and sub plots consist of three cultivars (Recor, Zarya, Azargol) with four levelofcutting leaves treatment (first level as   control, second level by cutting alternate leaves, third level by cutting on-third of top leaves and fourth levels by cutting of on-third of intermediate leaves). Treatments were donning at flowering stage (R5). Evaluated traits were plant yield per plant, hollow diameter, disk diameter, disk weight, stem diameter, and stem weight, filled grains number per disk, filled grains weight per disk, hollow grain number, 1000 kernel weight, harvest index, productivity effort and grain number per disk. Different treatment ofcutting leaves on harvest index in (p<%1) and plant yield per plant and hollow grain number per disk in (p<%5) were significant. Effect of cultivars on plant yield per plant, disk diameter, disk weight, stem weight, filled grain number per disk, filled grain weight per disk, hollow grain number per disk, 1000 kernel weight, harvest index and productivity effort were significant in (p<%1). Means comparison showed that control treatment had maximum plant yield per plant with11.16 gr/m² and cutting one third of intermediate leaves had minimum plant yield per plant, second planting date had maximum plant per plant and Azargol had maximum plant yield per plant. Manuscript profile
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        87 - Effect of planting date on yield and yield components of spring Rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars in Isfahan region
        H. R. Javanmard A. H. Shirani Rad S. A. Banitaba M. R. Naderi Darbaghshahi
        This experiment was done to evaluate the effect of planting date on agronomic characters of spring Rapeseed cultivars in Isfahan region during 2004-2005 in the research field of Islamic Azad University of Khoorasgan located in North East of Isfahan. The experiment was c More
        This experiment was done to evaluate the effect of planting date on agronomic characters of spring Rapeseed cultivars in Isfahan region during 2004-2005 in the research field of Islamic Azad University of Khoorasgan located in North East of Isfahan. The experiment was conducted as split plot on CRB with three replications. Four rapeseed cultivars consist of   RGSOO3, PF7045-91, Option 500 and Hyola 401 as subplot and Four planting dates (Feb. 27th and Mar. 9, 19 and 28th) were selected as main plot. Traits were considered as plant height‚ number of sub branch per plant, number of sub and main pods per plant, number of grain per sub and main pods, 1000 seeds weight, grain yield and oil seed content. Results showed that the effect of planting date on all traits, except plant height, was significant. Also, effect of cultivars on all traits, except number of sub branch per plant was significant.The interaction effects of year, planting date and cultivar on the number of sub branch per plant, number of sub and main pods per plant and 1000 seeds weight were significant. According to biannual results RGS003 cultivar at the first planting date recommended for Isfahan region. Manuscript profile
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        88 - Assessment the effect of planting dates on protein percentage and yield components of sorghum cultivars in Isfahan province
        A. R. Golparvar A. Armin M. Golabadi
        Appropriate management of planting dates for each cultivar is necessary for enhancing site productivity in forage sorghum plantation. To investigate the effects of planting dates on yield components and protein percentage of sorghum cultivars, an experiment was conducte More
        Appropriate management of planting dates for each cultivar is necessary for enhancing site productivity in forage sorghum plantation. To investigate the effects of planting dates on yield components and protein percentage of sorghum cultivars, an experiment was conducted at Research Farm of Isfahan University of Technology, Lavark in 2013. A split plot design in the layout randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The main plots were concluded 15th June and 30th June, and subplots were 4 cultivars, namely, Sarasai, Speedfeed, Pegah and Sofera. Planting date had significant effect on plant height, LAI, total fresh yield and stem dry yield. The effects of cultivar significant on plant height, LAI, stem fresh yield, leaf fresh yield, total fresh yield, stem dry yield and total dry yield. Protein percentage was not influenced by both planting date and cultivar, and there was no trend in this treatment. Stem fresh yield, leaf fresh yield, total fresh yield, stem dry yield, leaf dry yield and total dry yield was significantly influenced by planting date and cultivar. On the basis of the results, it seems that cultivation of Speedfeed because of its high fresh and dry forage production in 30th June is suitable. The forage and protein percentage of three other cultivars are the same and there were no differences between them. Manuscript profile
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        89 - Evaluation of yield and yield component Rapeseed cultivars in Arak region
        N. Sabzevari H. Madani H. Aghajani
        This survey was done to assessment yield and yield component of fall Rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus) in climatic conditions of Arak was conducted cropping season 2004-2005. The experiments were arrange in Split Plot design and were compared in a CRBD with three repl More
        This survey was done to assessment yield and yield component of fall Rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus) in climatic conditions of Arak was conducted cropping season 2004-2005. The experiments were arrange in Split Plot design and were compared in a CRBD with three replications. In this design, planting date treatment assumed as the main factor in two levels (usual planting date and delayed planting dates) and autumn rapeseed cultivars in eleven levels were assumed as subplot. The considered cultivars in this research were Dexter, Celsius, ARC91004, Sahara, ARC5, Orient, Sinotra, Talent, Talaye, ARC2 Geronima and Talaye variety was considered as control. The results of experiments showed that in usual planting date condition and delayed planting dates cultivars in adjectives like the number of pods in plant, number of grains per pod, the weight of thousand seeds and seed yield had significant difference in level %1probability. The highest yield of seed was related to Talaye variety with average 3463. 5 kg/ha and the least yield rate of seed was related to Geronima variety with average 2651.8 kg/ha. Usual planting date in terms of yield performance of seed, Talaye variety has been the best, and after it, also the cultivars as Talent, Sahara and Celsius had the highest level respectively. In terms of seed thousand weight, Talaye and Talent variety, and in terms of the number of seed in pod, ARC2 and Talaye variety in usual planting date, the number of pods in plant Talaye and Celsius variety  in usual planting date were better than others. Manuscript profile
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        90 - Effect of different treatments of nitrogen and distance of planting rows on content of mosilage and yield in Plantago Ovata Forsk
        S. M. A. Vakili Shahrbabaki A. Baghizadeh
        The Plantago ovata forsk .is one of the most precious medicinal plants. evaluation of factors which could affects on growth, development, yield and mosilage of seed    are important Furthermore, distance of planting rows is one of the basic factors that c More
        The Plantago ovata forsk .is one of the most precious medicinal plants. evaluation of factors which could affects on growth, development, yield and mosilage of seed    are important Furthermore, distance of planting rows is one of the basic factors that could affect on yield and component. There fore, in this research work the effect of different treatments of nitrogen (0,50.,100 and 150Kg/ha) and row distance (15,20 and 25cm) with 4 replicates were  evaluated in a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design under conditions of experimental farm of jiroft azad university. Analyzed data revealed significant effects of nitrogen fertilizer on yield, weight of 1000 grains, and mosilage percentage, plant height in 5%statistical level. The effect of distance of row on plan height was significant in 5% statistical level. The interaction between distance of row and nitrogen on weight of 1000grains was significant in 1%statistical level. The compare of mean of interaction between nitrogen and row distance by Duncan test showed  the highest weight of 1000grains 2.8g by treatment(50Kg nitrogen and 15cm distance between rows ). The highest mosilage percent age obtained By treatment 50Kg nitrogen and 20cm distance between rows. Manuscript profile
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        91 - The effects of planting date and plant density on rice in Mazandaran province
        S. Moradpour E. Amiri H. R. Mobasser H. Madani
               In order to determine the best date of transplanting and plant density on yield of rice Fajr cultivar an experiment was carried out at split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications in 2009 in experimental fiel More
               In order to determine the best date of transplanting and plant density on yield of rice Fajr cultivar an experiment was carried out at split plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications in 2009 in experimental field of Islamic Azad University of Chaloos. The dates of planting in 3 levels (30May,9June and 19June) as main factor and planting density in four levels (17, 34, 51, 68, plant.m 2) were considered as sub-factor. The results showed that a grain yield and harvest index 12.2 and 24.7 percent decrease. Grain yield with increase planting density until 68 plants. 10.3 percent   increase because, the number of empty grain in spike 22.5 percent decries and the number of grain and number of spike plant. 50 and 52.1 percent increase. The number of whole grain with planting density on the number of empty grain and on grain yield and biological yield in level of (%5 and  1%)., Highest yield grain for planting date June 9th with planting density 34 plants.m2 obtained. Manuscript profile
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        92 - The study planting date effects on yield and components yield of varieties sunflower area in Rudab Bam
        S. Haerei Nejhad H. Madani S. Sadeghzadeh
               In order study the best planting date in the yeield and yield components of four varieties of sun flower, in the roodobthat is one of the suburbs belonging to bam in a personal and private farm in the agricultural year 87- 88. The ex More
               In order study the best planting date in the yeield and yield components of four varieties of sun flower, in the roodobthat is one of the suburbs belonging to bam in a personal and private farm in the agricultural year 87- 88. The experiment was performed using split plot arranged complete randomized block design with two dactors of planting date including    (T1 = 87/12/15) (T2 =87/12/28) (T3 =88/1/15) and uriaty (azargole, record, zarya and mehr). That was repeated for three times. The distance of rows was concider as 50  centimeters and the distance of bushes was 25 centimeters for all plot and ouso the density of bush in hektar was considered as the amount of 80000 in a fixed way. The measured traits contained of the yield of seed, the weight of thousand seed. The height of plant, the number of seed in plate, head diameter, the number of leaf in plant, the diameter and thicleness of main stem, the yield and function of seed in a single bush, and the yield of seed in the unit of surface. The result and effect of planting date on all the measured traits except the head diameter got significant so that the yield of seed in the first planting date.With the omount of 4444 kilogram/ hektar got the most yield and function of seed and the third planting date because of confronting with high temprature and as a result the hollownessof seed with the weight of 4132 kilogram/ hektar got the least yield of seed.The effect of variety on all trouts wich are being studied except the weight of thousand seed and the number of lead in plant in the level of possibility I persent got significant.The variety of the hybrid in azargol with the yield of seed in the amount of 4610 kilogram/hektar had the best yield and function. The reciprocal effects between planting date and variety with the exceotion of weight of thousand seed was a significant statistics on all traits in the level of possibility. So that the careness combination of the third planting date and the variety of azargol had the best seed yield.The seed yield and function showed a positive correlation with the height of plant, the number of seed per head, head diameter, the main stem thickness and diameter, yield and function in a single bush, yield and function in m2 and on the other hand it showed a negative correlation with the weight of thousand seed. Manuscript profile
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        93 - Efficiency of Planting Pattern, Herbicide and Application Amount on Weed Management in Broomcorn (Sorghum bicolor) in Miyaneh Zone
        F. Lotfi Mavi S. Samadi Maman
        In order to investigate the integrated weed management on broomcorn farms, a field experiment was conducted of 2010 in Qazvin region. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments included different planting patt More
        In order to investigate the integrated weed management on broomcorn farms, a field experiment was conducted of 2010 in Qazvin region. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 24 treatments and 4 replications. Treatments included different planting patterns whit three levels, including planting a row, double row (planting square) and (planting zigzag) and herbicide use on two levels, including nicosulfuron and foramsulfuron and dose of herbicides  in four levels, including 1, 1/5, 2 and 2/5 liters per hectare. Three samples of weeds after treatments were applied based on the percentage of control density and weed dry weight by comparison with control per plot was calculated. The results showed that among the different patterns of planting, planting density and the zigzag had the greatest loss of weed dry weight. foramsulfuron herbicide was better than nicosulfuron to control of weeds. Between the doses treatments, used 2/5 litter herbicide dose per hectare had the greatest reduction weed dry weight. And used 1 litter herbicide dose per hectare had the least reduction weed dry weight.   Manuscript profile
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        94 - Effect of Rows Spacing and Planting Density on Yield and Yield Component of Two Cultivars Safflower
        S. Pooreydi F. Paknejad M. Esfini Farahani M. Bakhtiari Moghadam S. Azizkhani
        Planting pattern through changing in vegetative growth and beneficiary by environmental factors effect on safflower yield and yield components. In order to evaluate effect of rows spacing and planting density on yield and yield components of two cultivars safflower, thi More
        Planting pattern through changing in vegetative growth and beneficiary by environmental factors effect on safflower yield and yield components. In order to evaluate effect of rows spacing and planting density on yield and yield components of two cultivars safflower, this study carried out in split plot factorial experiment on base of randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Field of Islamic Azad University of Karaj branch in March 2011. The main plot was rows spacing in three levels (30, 45 cm in flat planting and 60 cm in bed planting) and sub plots were cultivars in two levels (L5 and Goldasht) and plant density in two levels (35 and 45 plants.m-2). Measured traits include seed yield, number of stem.plant-1, number of head.plant-1, number of seed.head-1 and 1000 seed weight. Results indicate that rows spacing had no significant effect on number of stem.plant-1, number of head.plant-1, number of seed.head-1 and 1000 seed weight. But seed yield decreased by increase in row spacing. Plant density had no significant effect on number of stem.plant-1, number of seed.head-1 and 1000 seed weight, but had significant effect (P<0/05) on number of head.plant-1 and significant effect (P<0/01) on seed yield. Also plant density had significant effect (P<0/05) on number of head.plant-1. 1000 seed weight increased by increase in plant density, but seed yield, number of stem.plant-1, number of head.plant-1 and number of seed.head-1 decreased by increase in plant density. Highest level of seed yield obtained in 30 cm row space and 35 plants.m-2 in L5 cultivar with 5804/30 kg/ha. Lowest level of seed yield obtained in 60 cm row space and 45 plants.m-2 in L5 cultivar with 1685/78 kg/ha. As for optimum effect of safflower evenly dispensation in unit area and adaptation in bed planting method, it seems that this planting pattern would be suitable for spring planting of safflower under conditions similar to this experiment. Manuscript profile
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        95 - Evaluation effect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of rapeseed
        M. Moballeghi M. Sam Daliri S. Dastan A. A. Mousavi S. A. Rasouli
        In order to evaluation affect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was carried out at split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications a More
        In order to evaluation affect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was carried out at split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications at Chaloos region in 2010. Main factor was planting datrs in including (4 and 19 February, 5 March and 20 April) and sub factor was canola cultivars including Hayola 401, Sarigol, RGS003 and Zarfam. Results showed with delay in planting date, phonological traits including vegetative period long, flowering period long and growth period long were decreased. The maximum of grain yield (2325 kg.ha-1) were obtained in 4 February, because the most of the pod length, pod number per plant and seed number per pod due this treatment. Delay in planting date to cause of decreased significant different on quantity and quality characteristics and due to decreased grain yield. Hayola 401 and Sarigol cultivar had been the most grain yield (2136 and 2086 kh.ha-1), and RGS003 and Zarfam cultivars had been the least grain yield (1972 and 1904 kg.ha-1). The least of oil yield were obtained in 20 April and the most of oil yield were produced in 4 and 19 February. Hayola and Sarigol cultivars had been the most of oil yield and RGS003 and Zarfam cultivars had been the least of oil yield. Non significant between planting dates × cultivars for investigated characteristics were indicated traits in cultivars, all of traits had been same change due to in different planting dates. Therefore, planting date of 4 February due to as most of grain yield introduced the best of treatment Manuscript profile
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        96 - Effect of sowing date on yield and yield components of three sesame genotype in Bushehr province
        Mohamad Hojabri Dughezlo Omid Alizadeh Narjes Kazerani
        Themain purpose of this article is to review and determine the best planting dateof sesame cultivars in Bushehr province was dashtestan .The experiment in arandomized complete block design with three replications. The first treatmentincludes dashtestan 2 , lanes 5 and t More
        Themain purpose of this article is to review and determine the best planting dateof sesame cultivars in Bushehr province was dashtestan .The experiment in arandomized complete block design with three replications. The first treatmentincludes dashtestan 2 , lanes 5 and the local population . Second, differentplanting dates include early time ( fifteen- July) and late ( C, arrow ),respectively. Fifteen June planting date, yield 23/274 grams per square meterwas the highest when compared to other planting dates. The varieties of sesame,the lines 5 and dashtestan 2 with mean 88/233 and 51/233 grams per square meterthan the local mass 79/210 grams per square meter was higher than the priorityof the different levels of five percentage was significant. The interaction ofcultivar performance dashtestan 2 July Fifteen of 66/296 grams per square meterwas the highest amount. Fifteen of planting date and cultivar dashtestan July2, has the highest number of seeds per capsule of 69/73 was the number. Thenumber of capsules per plant response to the interaction showed that cultivardashtestan 2 July, with an average of fifteen, 40/281 pcs, five percent, astatistically significant superiority compared to other treatments. Fifteenkilled in line 5 July, the highest seed weight of 21/3 was hot Manuscript profile
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        97 - Effect of time management in rapeseed planting on yield based on expert point of view of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization
        Iraj Hoseini Mehdi Mirdamadi Shaghayegh Kheiri Saied Seifzade
               This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population wer More
               This study was done as survey type and data were collected by questionnaire. Validity of present study was checked by Chronobach’s Alpha method with 0.86 coefficient which was indicated its constancy. Statistical population were consist of 72 experts of agronomy department of Qazvin Agricultural Jahad Organization. SPSS software was employed to analysis collected data.  Results indicated that there was not a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and age, experience, employment condition, educational level of experts. There was a significant relationship between time management about rapeseed yield and training and promotion factors, economic and technical aspects, land preparation, planting and harvesting dates. T-test, also, indicated that there was a significant difference between time management and the variable of expert’s educational courses. Multiple regression analysis showed that the four variables of planting, harvesting, land preparation and breeding operation predicted 42% of rapeseed yield efficiency.   Manuscript profile
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        98 - Prediction of growth stages of soybean cultivars and lines using climatologic parameters of photoperiod and temperature in karaj region
        Sharareh Nasre Esfahani Jahanfar Daneshian Ebrahim Pazira Amir hosein Shirani Rad
        Soybean development Reproductive stage werepredicted by climatic parameters as daylength and temperature . Therefore ,fifteen soybean lines and cultivars as name as Williams, Zane, M4, M12, S.R.F, Miandoab,A3935, A3237, L17, Union, Grangelb, Clark, Tns95,Elf, Calland we More
        Soybean development Reproductive stage werepredicted by climatic parameters as daylength and temperature . Therefore ,fifteen soybean lines and cultivars as name as Williams, Zane, M4, M12, S.R.F, Miandoab,A3935, A3237, L17, Union, Grangelb, Clark, Tns95,Elf, Calland were studied in four planting dates. Soybean genotipes were usedin a RCBD in each planting dates . Daylength and temperature effect wereevaluated by planting dates levels. Flowering occurance and developmentReproductive stage duration were fitted growth degree days, photoperiod andphotothermal units in a Multiple Regression Method. The results indicated thatphotoperiod had significant effect on Maturity in all of lines and cultivars.But photothermal had positive significant effect in Williams. Therefore Itcaused to delay in Maturity if It was increased. Photothermal was calculatedfrom growth degree days by photoperiod in each days. But the photoperiod wasmore effective than gdd in time of Maturity. Growth degree days affected ontime of Maturity by photothermal and caused to promote it. Reproductivedevelopment duration of Elf was affected by gdd Manuscript profile
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        99 - Study on response of Rapeseed varieties to late planting at Karaj environment
        O. R. Sali H. Madani A. H. Shirani Rad
            In order to study the effects of late planting on vegetative traits, yield and yield components of rapeseed varieties, an experiment was conducted at research field of Seed  and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) in Karaj. The experiment laied ou More
            In order to study the effects of late planting on vegetative traits, yield and yield components of rapeseed varieties, an experiment was conducted at research field of Seed  and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII) in Karaj. The experiment laied out in split plot factorial arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Two planting dates (Sep. 28th and Oct.  22 Th) were selected  as main plots and 13 varieties (Elite, Olpro, Sinatra, Sahara, Modena, Geronimo, ARG-91004, Dexter, SLMO46, Okapi, Frederic, ORW20-3002, and RG4504) as subplots in a factorial arrangement were evaluated. Traits were considered as plant height, stem diameter, number of pods per plant, number of seed per pod, thousand grains weight and the grain yield. Results showed that delay in planting date, the height of the plant, stem diameter and number of seed per pod were reduced, but it was not significant, and regarding the number of pods in the plant, the delay increased the afore–mentioned characters. Among rapeseed varieties, the Olpro variety has the highest height plant by   126 cm. But, regarding stem diameter no significant decrease was observed. The greater number of pods per plant was observed in Sinatra variety with an average of 78.47 and also the greater number of seed per pod belonged to SLM046. The highest thousands grain weight was observed in RG4504 variety  and about the grain yield, the lightest yield belonged to the first planting time and in Elite variety with a rate of 5271 kg/ha. Manuscript profile
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        100 - Effects of different transplanting dates on quantitative and qualitative traits of flue-cured tobacco (K326) in Mazandran, Iran
        Yaghoub Yaghoubi Sobhan alah GHanbari Hamid reza Mobaser Abdol rahim Mahdavi Ali Sadeghi
        In order to determine the best transplanting date for the flue-cured tobacco (cv. K326) in rain fed conditions, this study was done in randomized complete block design with 7 transplanting dates every 10 days(4, 14 and 24 April, 4, 14 and 24 May and 3 June) in 4 replica More
        In order to determine the best transplanting date for the flue-cured tobacco (cv. K326) in rain fed conditions, this study was done in randomized complete block design with 7 transplanting dates every 10 days(4, 14 and 24 April, 4, 14 and 24 May and 3 June) in 4 replications in Tirtash Research and Education Center in 2009. The results showed the significant effect of transplanting date on all studied factors except the number of leaves, the percentage of sugar and nicotine. Days from transplanting to flowering were the lowest for April 4th (90.3 days). Maximum dry weight of leaves (3824 kg/ha) was obtained for transplanting date May 4th that shows about 36%  increase compared to the lowest yield of dry leaf (13 June). Maximum and minimum price for one kilogram of tobacco were obtained for transplanting dates April 4th and June 3rd, respectively and there was 1.5 $ difference per kg. Maximum length and width of leaves was obtained on May 4th. Maximum percentage of leaf nitrogen (2.3%) was seen for June 3rd that was 39.2% more than April 14th (1.4%) and the maximum percentage of potassium (%2.25) was 41.7% higher than April 24th (the lowest percentage of potassium). Dry leaf yield had positive and significant correlation with leaf number, plant height and gross income. Manuscript profile
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        101 - Investig ation of sink – source relations in different planting systems rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Fajr cultivar
        S. A. Sadeghi S. Ghanbari H. R. Mobasser E. Rahimi Petroudi
        Inorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 r More
        Inorder to investijation the effect of source and sink relationship and the planting systems in the rice of Fajr cultivar, an experiment performed in the rice investigations institute of researches center in Amol at 2010. This experiment performed as split plot with 3 replication. Different planting system including three levels (traditional planting, improved planting and SRI planting) were cutting in main plots and 3 levels of sink- source relations (omitting)1/3  panicle, omitting flag leaf and control in flowering) were allocated in sub plots.                 maximum grain yield(873/9 gram at m2) produced under system of improved planting. Grain yield has significant increasing in the improved planting compared to traditional and or SRI planting to 18/3% and 25/1 % respectively; because maximum and minimum number of empty spikelet in the panicle obtained respectively for SRI and improved planting systems. Minimum number of empty spikelet in the per panicle producedin cutting of 1/3 panicle that has significant decrease in comparision to control at 39/5 ratio that showing limitation of photo synthesis source in the fair cultivar. Number of empty spikelet at ten panical obtained by cutting of flag leaf have increased about 7/3% compared with control that showing importance of filled in spikelet the flag leaf. Grain yield decreased about 16/4% by cutting flag leaf compared to control. Treatment Intraction effect of different planting systems with source- sink relations was significant only on the number of empty spikelet on panicle, statistically 5 percent. Manuscript profile
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        102 - Investigation of planting dates and irrigation regimes on physiological traits of two spring sufflower (carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars
        M. Zahedi R. Mamghani M. Mesgarbashi A. Kashani A. R. Montaseri
        In order to investigation of planting dates and irrigation regimes on physiological traits of two spring sufflower cultivars a field experiment was conducted in 2002.The experimental design was a split-split plot with four replications. Treatments were planting dates as More
        In order to investigation of planting dates and irrigation regimes on physiological traits of two spring sufflower cultivars a field experiment was conducted in 2002.The experimental design was a split-split plot with four replications. Treatments were planting dates as main plots, irrigation regimes as sub-plots and safflower cultivars (Arak-2811, Esfahan Local) as sub-sub plots. The result showed that late planting and low irrigation decrease the physiological traits such as LAI, CGR, and LAR. NAR and LWR were not shown any significant differences between two considered cultivars, because those had similar growth period. Maximum LAI in first planting date and better irrigation was 4.75 and maximum LAI in third planting date and low irrigation was 3.89, which needed 1340 GDD. Highest CGR obtained between 1400-1500 GDD when LAI started to decline.Relative growth rate (RGR) showed net assimilation rate (NAR) also declining trend. NAR also decreased with time. LAR and LWR also showed a declining trend. Manuscript profile
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        103 - Evaluation affect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of canola
        M. Sam Daliri S. Dastan A. A. Mousavi S. A. Rasouli M. Moballeghi
              In order to evaluation affect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was carried out at split plot based on RCBD with three repli More
              In order to evaluation affect of different planting dates on quantity and quality characteristics and grain yield in spring cultivars of canola (Brassica napus L.), an experiment was carried out at split plot based on RCBD with three replications at Chaloos region in 2010. Main factor were selected planting dates (4 and 19 February, 5 March and 20 April) and sub factor was canola cultivars including Hayola 401, Sarigol, RGS003 and Zarfam. Results showed with delay in planting date, phonological traits including vegetative period long, flowering period long and growth period long were decreased. The maximum of grain yield (2325 kg.ha-1) were obtained in 4 February, because the most of the pod length, pod number per plant and seed number per pod due this treatment. Delay in planting date to cause of decreased significant different on quantity and quality characteristics and due to decreased grain yield. Hayola 401 and Sarigol cultivar had been the most grain yield (2136 and 2086 kh.ha-1), and RGS003 and Zarfam cultivars had been the least grain yield (1972 and 1904 kg.ha-1). The least of oil yield were obtained in 20 April and the most of oil yield were produced in 4 and 19 February. Hayola and Sarigol cultivars had been the most of oil yield and RGS003 and Zarfam cultivars had been the least of oil yield. Non significant between planting dates×cultivars for investigated characteristics were indicated traits in cultivars, all of traits had been same change due to in different planting dates. Therefore, planting date of 4 February due to as most of grain yield introduced the best of treatment. Manuscript profile
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        104 - Effect of foliar applications of silicon and plant density on agronomic traits in corn hybrids Delayed planting of the summer
        J. Mahmudi H. Mobaser S. A. A. Musavi Mirkalaei
        To investigate the effect of spray silicon and plant density on agronomic traits of two corn hybrids in late summer planted (27 August) Research Station Branch, Islamic Azad University, conducted an experiment in 2010 as a split-split plots in randomized complete block More
        To investigate the effect of spray silicon and plant density on agronomic traits of two corn hybrids in late summer planted (27 August) Research Station Branch, Islamic Azad University, conducted an experiment in 2010 as a split-split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. Two levels of silicon (sprayed and non-consumer) as the main factor and two maize hybrids (SC704 and SC640) as sub-factor and four planting densities (80,706,090 thousand plants per hectare) as minor factors were investigated. The effect of silicon was sprayed only on the number of seeds in rows in the 5% level of significance. Yield per unit area for hybrids SC640 was (20.3 percent) higher than the hybrid SC704, because the single cross hybrid seed weight greater than SC640 (20.8 percent). Harvest index and grain weight per ear for more than SC640 hybrids, SC704 were hybrids. Number of grains per row and ear to the ground and the number of days from sowing to maturity for the hybrid of SC704 more than hybrids SC640 was calculated. Number of grains per row, ear length, grain yield and planting density increased to 90 thousand plants per hectare Single plant decreasing trend of yield per unit area, but 9.2 percent was higher. Maximum yield per unit area of ​​interaction between silicon and planting density for density and 80 thousand plants per hectare was obtained with foliar applications of silicon. In general, corn planted in late summer for the West region of Mazandaran, single cross hybrid 640 with a density of 90 thousand plants per hectare is recommended. Manuscript profile
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        105 - Effects of climatologic parameters, day length and temperature, on phonologic occurrence of soybean lines and cultivars
        SH. Nasr-e-Esfahani J. Daneshian E. Pazira
        Climatic parameters effects as day length and air temperature were studied on phenologic characteristics of soybean. Four separated experiments were done at May 21st till Jul. 5th of 2008 by 15 days increment as four planting dates were used for evaluating of 15 soybean More
        Climatic parameters effects as day length and air temperature were studied on phenologic characteristics of soybean. Four separated experiments were done at May 21st till Jul. 5th of 2008 by 15 days increment as four planting dates were used for evaluating of 15 soybean cultivars and lines. Selected varieties were Williams, Zane, M4, M12, S.R.F., A3935, A3237, L17, Union, Grangelb, Clark, Tns95, Elf, Miandoab and Calland. The experiments laid out in RCBD with 3 replications. Williams variety was set as control and the effect of day length and temperature were considered by planting dates treatment. The characteristics such as day to flowering, day to pod and seed formation, day to end of flowering and maturity, reproductivity and maturity development stage growth period were selected as main phonologic aspects. The results indicated that all phenologic characteristics were affected by planting date, cultivars factors and their interaction. Delaying in planting date caused to facilated in flowering, pod and seed formation, end flowering, full maturity times, flowering and reproductive development stages. Photoperiod was effective on all cultivars and lines. Increasing of photoperiod made delaying on maturity time in all cultivars and lines. Manuscript profile
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        106 - Effects of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz
        N. A. Sajedi S. Sheikhalivand H. Madani H. Safari Kamalabadi
        In order to study of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station’s of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2008. The experiment was factorial based on RCBD with four replica More
        In order to study of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station’s of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2008. The experiment was factorial based on RCBD with four replications. The treatments composed of planting dates in three time,  21 June, 8 July and 22 July and nitrogen rates in four levels: 46, 80, 115 and 150 kg/ha. Results showed that, that effect of planting dates on  tuber yield was significant. The maximum yield by 19.5 t ha-1 was obtained from 21 June planting date. Interaction of planting date and nitrogen rates on tuber fresh weight, tuber dry weight, number of tubers per plant, number of small and large tubers per plant, diameter size of tuber and tuber yield were significant. The highest yield by 24 t/ha was related to 21 June planting date with 150 kg/ha nitrogen.  Manuscript profile
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        107 - Effects of planting pattern and Nitrogen amounts on yield and yield components of spring safflower in Eghlid region, Fars Province
        zohreh amini Mashala Hosseini Sedighe Zarei Hamid Madani Mohamad reza Mohamadrezakhani
                  In order to study the effects of planting pattern and nitrogen amounts and their interaction on yield and yield components of spring safflower cultivar IL111 in Eghlid Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Sta More
                  In order to study the effects of planting pattern and nitrogen amounts and their interaction on yield and yield components of spring safflower cultivar IL111 in Eghlid Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Station was done in split plots as a randomized complete block design with 15 treatments and 3 replications during 2008-2009. The main plots were planting pattern (row distance 30, 45 and 60 cm) and sub plots were five levels of nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 Kg/ha of pure nitrogen) as urea. In this study some plant properties such as seed yield, seed number in head, the number of head in plant, 1000 seed weight, oil seed percent, oil seed yield, biological yield, seed protein percent and leaf nitrogen percent were measured. The results show the highest seed yield (2229 kg/ha) and the highest oil yield (691 kg/ha) were made with 60 cm row distance and 80 kg/ha of pure nitrogen, That was  54 and 59.2 percent higher than control. The highest number of seed in head (88.67) that was the most important yield component was obtained from 60cm row distance and 80 kg/ha of pure nitrogen. The highest oil seed percent (31.7) was obtained from 60cm row distance and 40 kg/ha of pure nitrogen and highest protein seed percent (14.62) was obtained from 60cm row distance and 160 kg/ha of pure nitrogen. The difference between oil and protein percent show an opposite relation when increasing nitrogen fertilizer levels. By considering the our results, 60cm row distance and 80 kg/ha of pure nitrogen for this safflower cultivar in similar conditions to the experiment is suitable. Manuscript profile
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        108 - The planting pattern effects on yield and yield components of tropical beans genotypes at Jiroft in Iran
        Hamid Madani Mahbubeh Salari Mohamad hasan Shirzadi
        To evaluate The planting pattern effects on phonological characteristics yield and yield components of tropical beans genotypesexperiment was conducted in Jiroft Islamic Azad University research farm during 2009. The experiment used in split plot design based on RCBD wi More
        To evaluate The planting pattern effects on phonological characteristics yield and yield components of tropical beans genotypesexperiment was conducted in Jiroft Islamic Azad University research farm during 2009. The experiment used in split plot design based on RCBD with four replications. Plant arrangements were considered in three levels as one row on the stack with a distance between a plant 10 cm, two rows on the stack with a distance between plants 20cm and three rows on the stack with a distance between plants 30cm, as the main plot and genotypes at three levels (cowpea, cream tepary bean and black tepary bean) as sub plot were studied. Characteristics such as grain yield, straw yield, the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and average pod length, plant height, seed weight, and harvest index, number of seeds per plant, biological yield, and changes in dry weight were studied. The trait of black tepary bean with planting arrangement of three rows on the stack with a distance between plants 30cm with the maximum number of pods per plant (20.90) and maximum number of seeds per plant(266.5) and maximum harvest index (46.55%) to  black tepary bean with planting arrangement of two rows on the stack with a distance between plants 20cm. Genotypes that studied of the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, average pod length, seed weight and, number of seeds per plant in the 1% probability level were significant. Manuscript profile
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        109 - The effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar on winter planting in Mane and Samalghan
        A. Sadri D. Habibi H. Kamali M. Eskandari Torbaghan
             In order to study the effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar in winter planting an experiment was conducted in climatic conditions of Mane and Samalghan du More
             In order to study the effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar in winter planting an experiment was conducted in climatic conditions of Mane and Samalghan during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on factorial based on CRBD with four replications. The experiments were treatment included three planting dates (18 Sep., 4 Oct. and 19 Oct. of 2008) and four fertilizer treatment (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea, 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate in maximum height of plant), (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha ammonium sulphate at beginning of spring and 40 kg/ha urea in maximum height of plant ), (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha urea at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate in maximum height of plant) and (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha urea at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha urea in maximum height of plant ).Trait were considered as number of seed per pod , number of pod per plant, 1000 grains weight and grain yield .The results showed that second planting date was superior on number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant and grain and value of third fertilizer treatment on number of pod per plant , grain yield. Highest and lowest grain yield belonged to the second planting date and third fertilizer treatment with average 4.1 ton/ha and third planting date and fourth fertilizer treatment with average 3.2 ton/ha respectively. Manuscript profile
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        110 - The impact planting season on the yield formation and yield components of spring cultivars of rapeseed under different moisture regimes
        Hosien Varse Amir hosein Shirani Rad Ghorban Noor-Mohammadi Babak Delkhosh Bahareh Varse
             In order to study the impact planting season and moisture stress on the yield formation and yield components of spring cultivars of rapeseed an experimental field was performed during 2008-2009 in Qazvin research station , Iran. It was performed More
             In order to study the impact planting season and moisture stress on the yield formation and yield components of spring cultivars of rapeseed an experimental field was performed during 2008-2009 in Qazvin research station , Iran. It was performed in form of Split-plot factorial based on RBD with three replications. The  main factor was considered as the growing season condition in two levels including the autumn planting (10/02/2008 ) season and spring  planting (03/02/2009) season. Irrigation was performed at two levels including usual irrigation as control and stop of irrigation when flowering stage onwards and four cultivars consist of RGS003, Sarigol, Hyola401 and Option500 were selected as subplots. In order to calculate traits such as main and sub pod length, the number of grain in main and sub- pod and yield formation. After sampling from different stages of growth parameters measurement, the results showed that tested traits due to field management operations such as growing season and moisture stress are corrected. Results showed that the simple effect of planting and irrigation season on the main and sub-pod length, number of grain in main and sub-pod and grain yield became meaningful and the interaction effect of planting and irrigation season on the main and sub-pod length, and the number of gain in main pod did not be meaningful but on grain number and grain yield in sub pod was meaning. Thus with increasing pod length and number of grain in main and sub pod, grain yield will be increased too. Manuscript profile
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        111 - The effects of drought Stress and different sowing date on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of three corn hybrids (Zea mays L.) in the region of north of Khuzestan
        seyed mohammad hasheminejad omid alizadeh bahram amiri mohammad barzegari mansour esfanyari biat
        This experiment was done on the basis of split-split-plot design in completely randomized block design with three replicates in north of Khuzestan in 2015. Irrigation treatments (irrigation after 70, 90 and 120 mm evaporation) as main-plot, planting date (1 and 20 July More
        This experiment was done on the basis of split-split-plot design in completely randomized block design with three replicates in north of Khuzestan in 2015. Irrigation treatments (irrigation after 70, 90 and 120 mm evaporation) as main-plot, planting date (1 and 20 July and 9 august) as sub-plot and hybrids (704, Karoon 701, and AS71) as sub-sub-plot were carried out. Results showed that the effect of planting date and hybrid on grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, number of kernel rows and number of kernels per row was significant, also the effect of planting date×hybrid on leaf area, the effect of irrigation×hybrid on stomatal conductance and the effect of planting date, hybrid and planting date×hybrid on plant height was significant. Results showed that the highest number of kernels per row was observed in the third planting date and 704 and Karoon 701 hybrid, the highest number of kernel rows was observed in the third planting date and 704 hybrid, the highest amount of 1000-kernel weight was observed in the third planting date and Karoon 701 hybrid. The highest amount of grain yield was observed in the third planting date. The hybrid of Karoon 701 had the highest leaf area in third planting date. AS71 hybrid had the highest amount of leaf area in first irrigation period. AS71 in first irrigation period and 704 and Karoon 701 hybrid in third irrigation period had the highest stomatal conductance. Also AS71 had the highest plant height in third planting date. Manuscript profile
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        112 - The effect of planting date on yield and yield components of wheat cultivars base GGE Biplot in Gonbad
        zeinab taghizadeh Hossein Sabouri Hossein Ali Fallahi Ahmad Reza Dadras AbdolRahim Taghizadeh,
        The current study was conducted to evaluate determination of best cultivars and planting date of wheat (Triticom aestivum L.) using GGE biplot method in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous in 2013. The experiment was carried out in More
        The current study was conducted to evaluate determination of best cultivars and planting date of wheat (Triticom aestivum L.) using GGE biplot method in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gonbad Kavous in 2013. The experiment was carried out in split-plot base on randomized complete block design in three replications. Sowing dates of January 15 and 29 and February 11 assigned in main plots and cultivars including Akbari, Arge, Sistan, Superheah, Bam, Gonbad, Morvareed and N-87-20 in sub plots. The traits of number of total spike, spike length, number of grains in spike, weight of grains in spike, number of spikelets in spike, grain yield and thousand grain weight were measured. The effect of planting dates was significant on studied traits. The interaction of planting date in cultivars was significant on all studied traits but weight of grains in spike and 1000 seed weight. The result of biplot and Mean comparison of cultivars and different planting deta showed that Gonbad had the highest yield and stability. Morvareed and N-87-20 with 2684.6 and 2761.1 yield respectively after gonbad had the highest yield but showed little stability. Correlation coefficients showed positive and significant correlation between grain yield with number of total spike and weight of grains in spike. Therefore, planting of Gonbad cultivar of on January 1 is recommending in Gonbad Kavous region climate condition. Manuscript profile
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        113 - Evaluation of Aquacrop model for decreasing water stress effects due to different wheat planting date
        Mohammad Reza Emdad arash tafteh
        Planting date is one of the effective factors for crop yield production that appropriate chooses; it can increase plant yield production. One of the advanced and practical models in the water, soil and plant is Aquacrop that has high ability and performance in different More
        Planting date is one of the effective factors for crop yield production that appropriate chooses; it can increase plant yield production. One of the advanced and practical models in the water, soil and plant is Aquacrop that has high ability and performance in different crop simulation and environmental conditions. In this regard using of long term meteorological data of 14 years (2000-2014), the effect of general different planting dates of wheat (within 7 days) in the Hamidiyeh region using Aquacrop model was investigated. In order to validate and comparing the results of Aquacrop model simulation with measured data, two pilots were considered. The results of yield measured data in two pilots in 2014-2015 indicated that if wheat is cultivated in the range of the second decade of November, the wheat yield production can increase from 2 to 2.6 ton/ha. The results of the model simulation and measured data showed that the Aquacrop model has high performance and ability for wheat yield simulation based on wheat planting date and can be used in the similar conditions with reasonable accuracy(root mean square error and absolute error are 0.26 and 11% respectively) in different planting dates for wheat yield simulation. Regarding to probability of rainfall occurrence in second decade of November (about 37 %), selecting planting date in that range accompanying with increasing soil surface moisture (about 80%), than planting date in first decade, can increase seed germination. In this condition water stress is less and more yields are predictable. Manuscript profile
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        114 - The effect of winter planting date on qualitative traits and yield of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus) cultivars in condition of zinc spraying
        majid valipour dastenaei alireza valadabady amir hossein shirani rad saeed sayfzadeh hamidreza zakerin
        In order to study the effect of winter planting and zinc spraying on yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus) cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2014-2015 a More
        In order to study the effect of winter planting and zinc spraying on yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus) cultivars, a factorial split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications for two years (2014-2015 and 2015-2016 cropping seasons) at the farm of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization , Karaj, Iran.. In this experiment, planting dates ( 24th february, 6th, and 16th March) and Zinc factor in two levels , zinc sulfate spray application and non-application of zinc (spray with pure water) were factorial in main plots and spring cultivars including RGS003, Zafar, Julius, Jerry, Zabol 10, Hyola 4815 in subplots.The results of analysis of data showed that the effect of planting date, zinc spray, cultivar and interaction effect of planting date by cultivar on qualitative traits (grain glycosinolate content and fatty acids percentage) in different planting dates and cultivars had a significant difference at 1% level. According to the results, the highest (66.89%) and lowest (66.02%) oleic acid percentage was obtained in Zafar and zabol10 cultivars, respectively The interaction effect of planting dates by cultivar on the glucosinolate content indicated that the lowest glucosinolate content was obtained in Zafar (8.313 mg/g) and hyola4815 (8.567 mg/g) when they were sown on 16 MarchThe results of this experiment showed that delay in planting, decreased amount of palmitic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid of seed oil, and increased percentage of linolenic acid, erosic acid and glycoinolate content Manuscript profile
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        115 - Investigation of the effects of planting delay on yield and grain yield components of wheat cultivars
        elham sarlak mojtaba alavi fazel
        In order to investigation of the effects of planting delay on yield and grain yield components of wheat cultivars, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. the main factor with planting dates, including: November More
        In order to investigation of the effects of planting delay on yield and grain yield components of wheat cultivars, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. the main factor with planting dates, including: November 7 (control), November 27, December 17 and January 6 and the sub-factor included three types of bread wheat cultivars: Setareh, Mehregan and Chamran2 (control). The results showed that between planting dates in terms of grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of spikes per spike, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per m2, spike length and 1000-seed weight were statistically at the level of 1% and between Cultivars were significant in terms of grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, number of spikes per spike, number of seeds per spike, 1000 seed weight and spike length at 1% probability level and number of spikes per m2 at 5% level. The interaction effect of planting date and cultivar on grain yield, harvest index, number of spikes per spike, number of seeds per spike, number of spikes per m2 at 5% level. The highest seed yield was related to the planting date of November 7 and Chamran2 (control) cultivar with 6444 kg/ha and the lowest was related to the planting date of January 6 and Mehregan cultivar with 1519 kg/ha. As a result, planting of Chamran2 cultivar on November 7 and November 27 is recommended due to the increase in yield components and its effect on increasing grain yield. Manuscript profile
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        116 - Effect of seed priming and potassium fertilizer on yield and yield components of canola in different planting dates
        Hamid Hatami
        To evaluate the priming effect and potassium on yield and yield components of rapeseed cv. Okapi at different  planting dates, an experiment was conducted during 2012 at Bojnourd. Factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications in More
        To evaluate the priming effect and potassium on yield and yield components of rapeseed cv. Okapi at different  planting dates, an experiment was conducted during 2012 at Bojnourd. Factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications in two planting dates was conducted (1 October and 1 November). Factors examined included two levels of seed priming (non-Prime and priming solution of  KNO3 ,-1 MPa for 24 h) and potassium fertilizer levels (zero, 75 and 150 kg K2o. ha). After analyzing the results of two simple planting date, were combined for analysis. Combined analysis of variance showed that all three experimental factors affect the number of pods per plant, grain yield, harvest index, and oil yield had significant impact. Planting date and priming showed a significant effect on 1000 seed weight. Planting date 1 October compared with 1 November, seed priming compared with non- Prime and potassium fertilizer consumption compared with no use, the characteristics were significantly increased. Therefore Planting date 1 October was optimum planting date on canola in the region, and  in case of delay in sowing seed, priming done with a solution of KNO3 (-1 MPa for 24 h) or K2o consumption of 75-150 kg per hectare is recommended. Manuscript profile
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        117 - Evaluation of effects of planting pattern on seed yield and yield components of different soybean cultivars
        Abas Zarkoob‌tehrani Mohammad Nasri Hamidreza Mobaser Omid Ghasemi Esmaeil Yasaari
        In order to evaluate the effects of cultivar and planting pattern on soybean seed yield and yield components a split plot experimental design based on completely block design in three replications was carried out during spring in Bay-e-cola Agricultural Research Station More
        In order to evaluate the effects of cultivar and planting pattern on soybean seed yield and yield components a split plot experimental design based on completely block design in three replications was carried out during spring in Bay-e-cola Agricultural Research Station with an elevation of 4 m over sea level and average rain fall of 514 mm. There were three cultivars namely: BP, JK and 032 as main plot and six planting patterns namely: 20×5, 20×10, 30×5, 30×10, 40×5, 40×10 cm2 as sub plot. The results obtained showed that maximum 100-seed weight in main stem and minimum number of seed per pod in main stem obtained in JK cultivars and maximum number of pod in main stem obtained in BP. It was observed that seed yield was not significantly affected among the cultivars. The maximum seed yield obtained for 40x10 cm2 pattern with 951.7g.2m2, coinciding with maximum number of pod per plant and seed per pod in main stem. It was also observed that maximum number of pod in main stem obtained at the interaction effects of BP cultivar at 40x10 cm2 where as the minimum number of empty pod in main stem obtained for BP as 30x5 cm2.Maximum seed yield observed at interaction effects of BP and 30x10 cm2 Manuscript profile
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        118 - Effect of planting date on vejetatives growth and yield of three rice cultivares in north regions of Khuzestan
        kaveh limouchi Ataollah Siadat Abdolali Gilani
        This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of  different planting dates (Heat stress) on the trend of Vejetative growth in addition to the yield of three rice Cultivare for one year in Shavoor regions in the north region of Khuzestan, as spilt plots in the form More
        This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of  different planting dates (Heat stress) on the trend of Vejetative growth in addition to the yield of three rice Cultivare for one year in Shavoor regions in the north region of Khuzestan, as spilt plots in the form of fully random blocks in three repetitions. Main factor was the date of planting at three levels (26 May, 10 Jun, 26 Jun) and the second factor was in three levels including of Red Anbori varieties (long and short grains), and Champa. Results Analysis of variance indicated that there is a significant difference between different dates of planting and all properties; but to other of stem dry weight and fertility percentage, remnant characteristics there is not any significant difference in the interaction of both factors. Also maximum and minimum amount stem dry weight and height plant inverse grean yield, 1000-grain, fertility percentage, harvest index and leaf dry weight were related to the 1 and 3 dates. trend of all characteristics on 26 May, which had the maximum thermal stress at the reproductive stage, they reached the maximum growth in a shorter period of time. Among the Cultivares, Champa had the highest yield with an average of 3795/4 kg/ha. with attention Correlation coefficients maximum affirmative and significant grean yield was on the leaf dry weight (0.441*). Based on the results, it can be hoped that the yield of grain resulted from the increase of the growth and net photosynthesis in rice would be increased by focusing the breeding purposes on increasing the leaf weight Manuscript profile
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        119 - Effect of different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
        Amirhossain Kachuei Hossein Ali Sheibani Farshad Qushchi
        To evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment in the field of education - College of Agriculture, Varamin in Tehran province - the city of Varamin in More
        To evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment in the field of education - College of Agriculture, Varamin in Tehran province - the city of Varamin in 2014 in a completely randomized design in three replications. The treatments were a major factor, planting date at four levels: 15 April, Persian date Farvardin 30, 15 May and 30th of May and sub-levels of vermicompost at four levels: control (no), use 5 tons of vermicompost per hectare, Application 10 tons, 15 tons of vermicompost per hectare and application of vermicompost per hectare. The results showed that planting date and vermicompost on stem length, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, internode length was statistically significant interaction between planting date and vermicompost was the longest shoot when cultured on 15 May with work won 15 ha vermicompost with 33.94 cm and minimum control on 15 April and 61.66 cm, leaf dry weight was reached when cultured on 15 May and 15 tonnes per hectare used vermicompost with 15.67 g and the lowest related to the control and on 15 April with g 6.52, the maximum length of internodes (with an average of 6.64 inches) in the treatment history of planting 15 May and 15 ha vermicompost was obtained, which Persian date Ordibehesht 15, 10 tons per hectare by planting date vermicompost had the smallest difference was not statistically related to planting date 15 Farvardin and control treatment (3.67 cm), the maximum shoot dry weight in the Persian date Ordibehesht 15 planting date , 15 ha vermicompost with 39.70 g and the lowest planting date 15 Farvardin and control (non-use of vermicompost) with 16.90 g, and use 15 tons of vermicompost on Persian date Ordibehesht 15 greatest impact on crop traits was measured. Manuscript profile
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        120 - Effects on planting and different levels of vermicompost on quantitative traits stevia plant (Stevia rebaudianaBertoni)
        Amirhosain Kachuei Hosainali Sheibani Farshad Qushchi
        To evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on qualitive characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment was conducted at the Varamin Agricultural University College of Agriculture located in Tehran province, Var More
        To evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on qualitive characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment was conducted at the Varamin Agricultural University College of Agriculture located in Tehran province, Varamin, in 2014. This experiment was conducted on a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments factor were planting date at four levels: 15 April, Persian date Farvardin 30, 15 May and 30th of May and another factor of vermicompost at four levels: control (no), use 5 tons of vermicompost per hectare, Application 10 tons, 15 tons of vermicompost per hectare and application of vermicompost per hectare. The results showed that planting date and vermicompost had a significant effect on the amount of stevizide, glycoside, ribo-dioside, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b. The highest amount of stevizide content was related to cultivation on May 15, with the application of 15 tons per hectare of vermicompost with 4.4 percent, and the lowest amount was related to the sowing date of May 30 and control treatment (no vermicompost consumption) with 2.80 percent and the highest content Ribbiosiside was related to the crop cultivation on May 15, with the application of 15 tons of vermicompost per hectare with 10.3 percent, and the lowest was related to the April 15 planting date and the control treatment (no vermicompost consumption) with 1.38 percent and the highest content Stewil glycosides were cultivated on May 15, with the use of 15 tons per hectare of vermicompost with 53.7 percent and the minimum This amount corresponds to the date of planting 15 April and the control (non-use of vermicompost) by 38.4 percent. The highest content of chlorophyll a was obtained from cultivation on May 15 with the application of 15 tons per hectare of vermicompost, 1.35 mg.m, and the lowest content of chlorophyll a Was obtained amount of sowing date was 15 April and control treatment (no vermicompost consumption) with 0.41 mg /m. The highest content of chlorophyll b was observed in the sowing date of May 15 and the application of 15 t of vermicompost with 0.44 mg / m, which had no significant difference with planting date of May 15 and application of 10 t of vermicompost, and The lowest content of chlorophyll b was obtained from sowing date of 15 April and no consumption of vermicompost with 0.15 mg.m. The application of 15 tons of vermicompost at the planting date of May 15 had the greatest effect on measured traits. Manuscript profile
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        121 - Investigating the effect of planting density and variety on greenhouse production of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L .)
        بردیا Bayat محمدحسین Ansari مرجان Diyanat علی Mohammadi . torkashvand
        The large fluctuations of the final yield of greenhouse cucumber are of great importance in Iran due to its very large cultivated area, so that 76.47% of all greenhouses in the country are under cucumber cultivation. In order to investigate the effect of crop density an More
        The large fluctuations of the final yield of greenhouse cucumber are of great importance in Iran due to its very large cultivated area, so that 76.47% of all greenhouses in the country are under cucumber cultivation. In order to investigate the effect of crop density and variety in the production of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus), a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a basic design of randomized complete blocks in 3 replications during 2016 and 2017. Based on this, single-flowered, double-flowered, medium-flowered and multi-flowered cucumber cultivars were cultivated in different planting densities of 37, 42 and 47 cm. The results of the research showed that the highest production productivity was achieved in the planting density of 42 cm between the plants and the selection of    multi-flowered cultivars with a maximum yield of 270 tons per hectare, and the lowest yield was obtained in single-flowered cultivars with a planting density of 37 cm. meter and numerical value of 197 tons per hectare was obtained. Therefore, the main reason for the decrease in cucumber yield in Tehran province was the selection of low-flowering cultivars with inappropriate planting density. Manuscript profile
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        122 - Study the Efficiency of Chemical Control of Weeds on Weed Growth and Growth Traits of Chickpea under Various Planting Dates
        Ali Khorgami Mahnaz Yarahmadi
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date and chemical control of weeds on morphological traits of chickpea in Khorramabad climate, this research was carried out in Khorramabad city in 2012-2012. The experiment was conducted as split plot experiment and was co More
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date and chemical control of weeds on morphological traits of chickpea in Khorramabad climate, this research was carried out in Khorramabad city in 2012-2012. The experiment was conducted as split plot experiment and was conducted in a randomized complete block design. The application of herbicide (H) with seven levels: (H1 (Trilfuralin herbicide, 2.1 liters per hectare before planting), H2 (herbicide podidaltine 3 liters per hectare pre-emergence), Herbicide H3 Pondimetalin at a rate of 3 liters per hectare and post-fertilization), H4 (metribuzin herbicide at a rate of 0.5 kg ha-1 and advance), H5 (2 kg per hectare herbicide and progressively), H6 (Plant isolate 1 liter / ha), H7 (uncontrolled control)} as the main cultivar and date of cultivation (P) with two levels: P1 (cultivated winter), P2 (cultivation in spring) As a sub-plot of the plan. Based on analysis of variance, plant density and dry weight of herbicides were affected by herbicide application and were significant. In general, all of the applied herbicides significantly reduced the density and dry weight of fruits per unit area. But the best treatment among them was the use of matricycin herbicide as a herbaceous control, which reduced the weed density and weed dry weight by 70% compared to weed control. According to the results, metamorphic honey beeswax had the most control on weeds and also had the least negative effect on chickpea, which caused chickpea seedlings to be higher than other treatments. Manuscript profile
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        123 - Compare the Yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in different planting patterns
        Najmeh Songol Zadeh alireza shokuhfar
        This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center More
        This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center stack), 2- two-row planting in the region Daghab and facing each (mutual) on a stack, 3- Planting as zigzag double row distance of 30 cm on stacks at a distance 75 cm and sub-plots Includes four types of maize cultivar: 1- S.c 704, 2- S.c 706, 3- Bolsen. and 4- A.s 73. The results showed The difference between the different levels of planting patterns on The number of rows per maize and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, thousand grain weight and seed number per row was significant at %5 level of probability. The difference between the cultivar in number of seeds in row and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, number of rows per maize and thousand grain weight was significant at %5 level of probability. The highest grain yield in zigzag planting pattern with KSC 706 cultivar with 8247/59 kg/ha was. According to the results, application of double row zigzag planting pattern with cultivar new KSC 706 can With improve the physiological growth indices, The highest yield and yield components in the region gained. Manuscript profile
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        124 - Investigating the effect of planting date on growth and yield of two mung bean cultivars in the second crop in Qazvin region
        Alireza Azimi Hamidreza Zakerin Esmaeil Hadidid Masouleh
        This study was conducted in the summer of 2018 in Qazvin region to investigate the effect of planting date on growth and yield of two mung bean cultivars as a second crop. This experiment was performed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replica More
        This study was conducted in the summer of 2018 in Qazvin region to investigate the effect of planting date on growth and yield of two mung bean cultivars as a second crop. This experiment was performed as a split plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Planting date factor at three levels (July 10, July 25 and August 9) were considered as the main factor and two cultivars Parto and VCA as the secondary factor. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of planting date and cultivar on grain yield was significant at the level of one percent. The results of comparing the means of the effect of planting date levels on grain yield showed that the planting date of 10 July with an average of 562.3 kg / ha had the highest grain yield. The lowest grain yield was observed on 9 August with an average of 388.9 kg / ha. The results of comparing the means of cultivar effect on grain yield showed that Parto cultivar with an average of 478.1 kg / ha was significantly superior to VCA cultivar. Manuscript profile
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        125 - Effect of environmental factors on the in vitro properties of rootstock seeds Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum)
        Matineh Rezaei Sohrab Mahmoodi Afshar Azadbakht
        Broadleaf weeds are problematic plant species in the most agricultural fields. Echo-physiological traits of weed species, such as characteristics of seeds germination and their responses to different environmental conditions are very important. In order to study the eff More
        Broadleaf weeds are problematic plant species in the most agricultural fields. Echo-physiological traits of weed species, such as characteristics of seeds germination and their responses to different environmental conditions are very important. In order to study the effect of environmental conditions on weed germination, a study was carried out at laboratory and farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The effect of irrigation regimes and sowing dates on weed specie Solanum nigrum L. were studied for two years during 2009-2010. Field experiment was designed as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was three dates of planting (2009/6/23, 2009/7/24, 2009/8/24) and the second one included three irrigation regimes, alternative, every two days, every three days. Laboratory experiment was done in completely randomized design with three replications during 2010. Results showed that all of studied features, dormancy and cardinal temperatures were affected by experimental treatments. With increasing the interval between irrigations, germination characteristics of all studied species were decreased significantly. Of course, the reduction at the beginning stage of growing plant (15 days after growing) toward the end of growing season had gradually fewer effects. The results showed that the effect of environmental conditions were the most effective factor on speed of seed germination. Also, the percentage of seed germination was significant. Therefore, with increasing irrigation interval and delaying in planting date, seed germination characteristics decreased. Manuscript profile
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        126 - Compare the Yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) in different planting patterns
        Najmeh Sangolzadeh Alireza Shokouhfar
        This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center More
        This experiment was conducted based on split plot layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications In the summer 2015 in an experimental farm, in Shushtar. Where planting pattern as main plots in three levels: 1- normal planting pattern (one row center stack), 2- two-row planting in the region Daghab and facing each (mutual) on a stack, 3- Planting as zigzag double row distance of 30 cm on stacks at a distance 75 cm and sub-plots  Includes four types of maize cultivar: 1- S.c 704, 2- S.c 706, 3- Bolsen. and 4- A.s 73. The results showed The difference between the different levels of planting patterns on The number of rows per maize and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, thousand grain weight and seed number per row was significant at %5 level of probability. The difference between the cultivar in number of seeds in row and grain yield significant at %1 level of probability and on stem height, number of rows per maize and thousand grain weight was significant at %5 level of probability. The highest grain yield in zigzag planting pattern with KSC 706 cultivar with 8247/59 kg/ha was. According to the results, application of double row zigzag planting pattern with cultivar new KSC 706 can With improve the physiological growth indices, The highest yield and yield components in the region gained.  Manuscript profile
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        127 - Study the Efficiency of Chemical Control of Weeds on Yield and some of Growth Traits of Chickpea under Various Planting Dates
        Mahnaz Yarahmadi Ali Khorgami
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date and chemical control of weeds on morphological traits of chickpea in Khorramabad climate, this research was carried out in Khorramabad city in 2012-2012. The experiment was conducted as split plot experiment and was co More
        In order to investigate the effect of planting date and chemical control of weeds on morphological traits of chickpea in Khorramabad climate, this research was carried out in Khorramabad city in 2012-2012. The experiment was conducted as split plot experiment and was conducted in a randomized complete block design. The application of herbicide (H) with seven levels: (H1 (Trilfuralin herbicide, 2.1 liters per hectare before planting), H2 (herbicide podidaltine 3 liters per hectare pre-emergence), Herbicide H3 Pondimetalin at a rate of 3 liters per hectare and post-fertilization), H4 (metribuzin herbicide at a rate of 0.5 kg ha-1 and advance), H5 (2 kg per hectare herbicide and progressively), H6 (Plant isolate 1 liter / ha), H7 (uncontrolled control)} as the main cultivar and date of cultivation (P) with two levels: P1 (cultivated winter), P2 (cultivation in spring) As a sub-plot of the plan. Based on analysis of variance, plant density and dry weight of herbicides were affected by herbicide application and were significant. In general, all of the applied herbicides significantly reduced the density and dry weight of fruits per unit area. But the best treatment among them was the use of matricycin herbicide as a herbaceous control, which reduced the weed density and weed dry weight by 70% compared to weed control. According to the results, metamorphic honey beeswax had the most control on weeds and also had the least negative effect on chickpea, which caused chickpea seedlings to be higher than other treatments. Manuscript profile
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        128 - Stability analysis of grain yield of Kabouli chickpea genotypes at spring sowing in cold area and rainfed conditions
        يداله فرايدي
        In order to study the grain yield and stability of chickpea genotypes in spring planting under rainfed conditions and introduce the stable and high yielding genotypes, this survey was carried out with 18 Kabouli chickpea genotypes in randomized complete block design wit More
        In order to study the grain yield and stability of chickpea genotypes in spring planting under rainfed conditions and introduce the stable and high yielding genotypes, this survey was carried out with 18 Kabouli chickpea genotypes in randomized complete block design with four replications during 2013-16 cropping seasons at Maragheh, Kordestan and Shirvan agriculture research stations. The results of combined ANOVA on grain yield showed that there were highly significant differences in years × location interactions. There was also noticeable differences in genotypes × year and genotype × location interactions. The highest average grain yield ( 904 kg. ha ) obtained at Maragheh in 2016 and the lowest ( 122 kg. ha ) was at Shirvan in 2014. The genotypes of Jam control ( 494 kg. ha ) and FLIP 06-88C ( 364.7 kg. ha ), Gazvin check ( 471 kg. ha ) , FLIP 93-58C ( 470.1 kg. ha), FLIP 86-6 C ( 466.3 kg. ha ), ILC 484 ( 465.6 kg. ha ) and FLIP 87-45C ( 464.3 kg. ha), produced more than 98% grain yield using variation range at years mean, Romer's environmental variance, Francis and Kannenburg's environmental coefficient variation, Lin and Binns' variance within places, and Rank non-parametric method indicated that FLIP 86-6C, FLIP 87-45C and FLIP 08-55C with high yielding more than mean and stability in most methods, were selected as superior and stable genotypes. FLIP 86-6C due to the highest 100 seed weight ( 34 gs. ) and plant height (27.6 cm ) was superior to the other genotypes. Manuscript profile
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        129 - Effect of plant density and planting pattern on grain yield of maize 666
        ناصر شهسواري
        Modifying canopy structure to provide conditions in which the canopy crop can absorb better sunlight has been known as important strategy in increasing crop yield. This field study includes an experiment conducted as a split-plot in randomized complete block design with More
        Modifying canopy structure to provide conditions in which the canopy crop can absorb better sunlight has been known as important strategy in increasing crop yield. This field study includes an experiment conducted as a split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in Khoy research field station in 2011 cropping season. The main plots were two levels of row spacing ( 50 and 60 ) and sub plots were the integration of planting pattern ( zigzag and oblong ) with plant densities ( 70000, 80000 and 90000 plants ha ). Results showed that main plots didn't have any significance on the field study characteristics, but indicated that sub plots had it on dry weight of ear, number of kernel rows, grains per ear, 100 grain weight, grain yield, biologic yield and harvest index. However, the highest grain yield was obtained from planting pattern ( oblong ) and density 90000 plants ( 12530kg. ha ) . Interactive effect of ( planting pattern and density ) with ( level of rows) on number of kernel rows and grain per ear was significant. It seems that planting pattern ( oblong ) and density (90000 plants. Ha ) produces the highest grain yield for the farmer. Manuscript profile
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        130 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
        Ali Rahimi
        Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal More
        Identifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile
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        131 - Evaluation of some phonological, morphological traits with yield and yield components of chickpea genotype in Fall planting under the dry farming condition
        Abbas Ranjbar
        A study of some phonological, morphological traits with yield and yield components of chickpea genotypes in Fall planting under dry farming condition was carried out through an experiment at Agricultural and Natural Research station of Ardabil in 2010-2011. The experime More
        A study of some phonological, morphological traits with yield and yield components of chickpea genotypes in Fall planting under dry farming condition was carried out through an experiment at Agricultural and Natural Research station of Ardabil in 2010-2011. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with 15 chickpea genotypes with four replications. Characteristics were days of anthesis, poding , maturity, plant height, number of branches, number of fertile and non-fertile pod, number of seed per plant, 100-seed weight, biomass yield , harvest index and seed yield per plant. The results of variance analysis showed that all of studying traits except non-fertile pod per plant were significantly affected by experiment treatments. ( Flip 98-138C*Se 199 TER 85074)*SEL99TH15039 and CA9738007*SEL99TER85534 genotypes had maximum and minimum days to anthesis, respectively. The highest plant height belonged to Flip97-118C genotype and Local variety had the lowest value. This genotype had the highest branches per plant. CA9783007*SeL99TER 85534 genotype had the highest fertile pod and seed per plant, although the lowest seed number per plant belonged to Djam genotype. The highest 100-seed weight was obtained from ( ILC4291*Flip98-129C)*S98008 and S99326*SEL99TH15042 genotypes. This genotype had the highest biomass per plant and harvest index, too. There were positive and significant correlations between number of fertile pod and seed per plant, 100-seed weight, biomass and HI with seed yield. Manuscript profile
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        132 - The effect of planting pattern and foliar application of micronutrients on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 Sc.
        سعيد بداقي mohsen roshdi
        To study the effects of sowing pattern and foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 an experiment was done in stripe plot on the basis of randomized complete block design in four replications during the crop year of 2006 in the A More
        To study the effects of sowing pattern and foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 an experiment was done in stripe plot on the basis of randomized complete block design in four replications during the crop year of 2006 in the Agronomical Research Station of Khoy. In this experiment the first factor was in two levels: rectangular and square planting patter. Second factor was foliar application of micronutrients in eight levels which included control, foliar application of Fe, Zn, B, Fe+ Zn, Fe + B, Zn + B and Fe + Zn + B. Foliar application was done in 5000 ppm concentration. Results showed that ear length and seed number on ear were only affected by micronutrients foliar. Interaction of the two factors was significant on harvest index. In general, planting on square pattern and foliar application of micronutrients improved the yield components so that the highest yield was obtained in square pattern with 9.96 ton / ha and in foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B with 10.4 tons/ha. Manuscript profile
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        133 - The impact of planting method and nitrogen chemical biofertilizer on the sunflower yield components
        مريم پیرمحمدی علی نصرالله زاده اصل
        In the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blo More
        In the direction of chemical fertilizer reduction and avoidance of environmental pollution, an experiment was carried out, using the nitroxin biofertilizer and refining the planting methods, on the sunflower yield components. It was done in factorial complete random blocks with two factors and three replications in Chaypareh, in 1393. The first planting method included two levels ( plot and mound stream ), the second one with nitrogen fertilizer in six levels ( control, biofertilizer of bionitroxin together with 50 kg of urea chemical fertilizer; nitroxin biofertilizer with 150 kg urea, and 200 kg urea chemical fertilizer. The results showed that the nitrogen fertilizer had significant impact on the height of stalk, diameter of bush and anthodium, 100-grain weight, number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen in complete use of urea fertilizer treatments and nitrogen biofertilizer with 150 kg urea chemical fertilizer. These two treatments, in seed yield, were in one statistical group which are recommended for the reduction of chemical fertilizer and environment preservation by which %25 of urea fertilizer consumption is reduced. The effect of planting method was also meaningful to the brush height, plate and stalk diameter, 100-seed weight, the number of seeds on the plate, and seed yield. The highest seed yield was seen as 599.08 kg per square meter by planting on stream mound method. In this case, plant uses the natural resources efficiently and the seed yield is increased by %20 in mound planting method. Manuscript profile
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        134 - The impact of planting array and micro-fertilizers on the yield of oil sunflower ( lakumka ) and its components in the second farming
        سيما عباس زاده محسن رشدي
        To study the impact of planting array and micro-fertilizer on the yield and yield components of oil sunflower, lakumka cultivar in the second farming, an experiment was carried out on the complete random blocks with three replications in Khoy vicinity in 1393. The plant More
        To study the impact of planting array and micro-fertilizer on the yield and yield components of oil sunflower, lakumka cultivar in the second farming, an experiment was carried out on the complete random blocks with three replications in Khoy vicinity in 1393. The planting array factor was in three levels of 50×20, 60×16, and 70×14 cm; and the three factors of macro-nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in three recommended levels of 150 and 125 percent. The variance analysis results showed that the effect of planting array on the trait of seed yield and oil yield was meaningful. By the increase of fertilizer consumption by 150 percent, the second yield increased from 1237.7 kg to 1370 kg per hectare, and by the reduction of the space between planting rows from 70 cm to 50 cm, the Manuscript profile
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        135 - Response of wheat cultivars with different growth types to planting date in Mobarakeh region Isfahan, Iran
        Foroud Bazrafshan Najmeh Ziaei Davoud Efiouni Omid Alizadeh Mehdi Zareh
        10.22034/aej.2019.1868057.1093
        To determine the effect of planting date on yield and yield components of six wheat cultivars with different growth types, a research was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications during two growing seasons of 2016 and 201 More
        To determine the effect of planting date on yield and yield components of six wheat cultivars with different growth types, a research was conducted in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications during two growing seasons of 2016 and 2017 in Mobarakeh region, Iran. Three planting dates of 12 October, 11 November and 11 December were considered as early, usual, and delay planting dates, respectively. Wheat cultivars were Pishgam and Alvand with mid-growth habit, Zare and Heidari with winter habit and Pishtaz and Sirvan with spring growth habit. Early and delay planting cultivars with spring and winter growth habits resulted in yield increasing and decreasing, respectively. The yield of cultivars with intermediate growth type had no significant differences in planting dates of 12 October and 11 November, but the delay in planting caused the loss of yield in these cultivars. Therefore, it is recommended to plant cultivars with spring and winter growth habits and cultivars with intermediate growth type from mid-October to mid-November in the temperate region of Mobarakeh and to avoid delay in planting them. Manuscript profile
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        136 - Effect of planting date on qualitative characteristics and milling index of some rice cultivars in Amol, Iran
        Allahyar Fallah Nahid Fathi
        10.22034/aej.2019.1873785.1105
        To investigate the effect of planting date on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of rice cv. Binam, Tarom Mahali and Koohsar, a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete block design with three replications during three planting dates More
        To investigate the effect of planting date on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of rice cv. Binam, Tarom Mahali and Koohsar, a field experiment was conducted as factorial based on complete block design with three replications during three planting dates of 21 and 31 March, and 10 April in Deputy of the Rice Research Institute, Mazandaran Branch Amol, Iran. Three months after planting, 400 g of paddy sample for each plot was collected and evaluated to measure characteristics such as head and broken rice percentage, milling recovery, paddy hull and bran percentage, grain length before and after cooking, grain elongation ratio, milling degree, amylose percentage, gel concentration and gelatinization temperature. The effect of planting date and cultivar was significant on all characteristics in 1% probability level. The head rice percentage at first planting date and bran percentage, grain length after cooking, milling degree, gelatinization temperature, and grain elongation ratio at second planting date were better in Tarom Mahali cultivar. Grain length after cooking, grain elongation ratio and amylose percentage in Binam at the second planting date and bran percentage and grain length before cooking in Koohsar at the third planting date were better. The amount of broken rice percentage was lower at the first planting date in Binam and Koohsar cultivars compared with second and third planting dates. On the whole, transplanting at late April is recommended to get optimal quality of rice grains in this region Manuscript profile
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        137 - Effect of planting date, depth and distance on vegetative and generative characteristics of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in Maku, Iran
        Rustam Aghazadeh Aghdas Hemmatzadeh
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Effects of planting date, depth and distance on growth and yield of saffron were studied in Maku environmental condition. The experiment was factorial based on a complete randomized block design with two planting dates (16<sup>th </sup>and 29<sup>th</ More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Effects of planting date, depth and distance on growth and yield of saffron were studied in Maku environmental condition. The experiment was factorial based on a complete randomized block design with two planting dates (16<sup>th </sup>and 29<sup>th</sup> September), two planting depths (20 and 25 cm) and two plant distances (20, 25 cm) with tree replications during 2008-2010. Results showed that number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of leaves, wet and dry weight of flowers, fresh and dry weight of stigma, and length of stigma and leaf area were affected by treatments. The indices of plant growth and yield components such as number of leaves, stigma length, fresh and dry weight of leaf, flower, stigma and leaf area were increased in the first date of planting (16<sup>th</sup> September). The plant distance has also affected plant growth and yield production. The highest yield was obtained in less plant distance and low planting depth treatment. Manuscript profile
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        138 - Effect of drought stress on some morphological characteristics of two sunflower (Helianthus annuus) hybrids at different planting densities
        Ebrahim Khalilvand Behrouzyar Mehrdad Yarnia Samad Darbandi Houshang Alyari
        Effect of drought stress on some morphological characteristics of two sunflower (<em>Helianthus</em> <em>annuus</em>) hybrids at different planting densities was investigated. The experiment was conducted as split factorial based on randomized complete block design whit More
        Effect of drought stress on some morphological characteristics of two sunflower (<em>Helianthus</em> <em>annuus</em>) hybrids at different planting densities was investigated. The experiment was conducted as split factorial based on randomized complete block design whit three replicates at research farm of Islamic Azad university of Tabriz in 2006. Treatments was Record and Azarhghol sunflower hybrids, three levels of the drought stress including&nbsp; 75%, 50%, 25% available moisture, and three levels of planting density including 80, 90 and 100 thousand plants ha<sup>-1</sup>. Between row spacing was 60 cm with in row spacing of 16, 18 and 20 cm, respectively for the three planting densities. The results indicated that exertion of the drought stress lead to a significant decline in plant height and diameter, sunflower head diameter and dry weight, and biomass weight per plant and per hectare (p&lt;0.01). In addition, effect of the drought stress was thoroughly overlapped by density in the above characteristics. However, the 100% available moisture (control) in 80 thousand and 25% available moisture in 90 thousand plants ha<sup>-1 </sup>had the most and least dry weight of biomass, respectively. Azarghol hybrid had the highest plant and sunflower head diameter, while Record showed the most plant height at different drought stress levels. Height and diameter of plant and the sunflower head, dry weight of head and biomass showed significant and positive correlation with oil and seed yield per plant and hectare. Manuscript profile
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        139 - The effect of seed rate on grain yield and yield components of barley cultivars in rainfed cold regions
        Bahman Abdolrahmani Alireza Tavakoli
        10.22034/aej.2017.531469
        <strong>Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong>&nbsp;To achieve the suitable seed rate and barley cultivar in cold regions, a research was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications during 2013- 2015 at Dryland Agricultural More
        <strong>Abstract&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong>&nbsp;To achieve the suitable seed rate and barley cultivar in cold regions, a research was conducted as factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications during 2013- 2015 at Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh Station, Iran. Three barley cultivars of Sahand, Abidar and Dayton were evaluated in 300, 400, and 500 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> seed rates. Abidar was better than others in thousand kernel weight, green cover percentage, rainfall productivity index, and biological and grain yields. Also, the seed rate of 400 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> was the best regarding better productivity degree, rainfall productivity index, and biological and grain yields. Interaction between cultivar and seed rate was significant in thousand kernel weight, harvest index, &nbsp;productivity degree, &nbsp;rainfall productivity index, grain yield, plant height, green cover percentage in flowering stage and grains number in spike. Sahad in 500, and Abidar and Dayton in 400 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> seed rates had the highest yield. On the whole, Abidar in 400 seeds/m<sup>2</sup> seed rate had the most green cover percentage in flowering stage, harvest index, productivity degree, rainfall productivity index, biological and grain yield, thus could be recommended for rainfed barley fall cultivation in Maragheh and other similar regions. Manuscript profile
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        140 - Interferences of common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L. in two planting patterns of corn
        Mahmoud Pouryousef aziz javanshir adel Dabbage Mohammadi Nasab abdollah Hasanzadeh Ghurt Tappe
        In order to study of eco-physiological aspects of interferences of different lambsquarters, <em>Chenopodium album</em> L. densities in two planting patterns of single cross corn 704 and competitive effects of the weed on yield quality and quantity of corn, an experiment More
        In order to study of eco-physiological aspects of interferences of different lambsquarters, <em>Chenopodium album</em> L. densities in two planting patterns of single cross corn 704 and competitive effects of the weed on yield quality and quantity of corn, an experiment was conducted at Miyandoab agricultural research station from 2004 to 2005. The experimental design was factorial in a rondomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were: a combination of three levels of lambsquarters population (4, 10, 16 plants per meter of corn row) and two planting patterns (common and two zigzag row) of corn. The treatments lacking corn weed in two planting patterns were considered as control. Seeds were planted on the sides and end of corn rows in zigzag between corn plants. Results showed that the competition of lambsquarters caused significant decrease in grain yield, biological yield and harvest index. Seed protein content of corn was decreased but seed oil content increased. The effects of weed density on studied characteristics of corn was greater than those of different planting patterns. Competitition of weed significantly decreased LAI in comparison to the control. This decrease was considerable in&nbsp; higher weed densities. It was also greater in conventional planting pattern than two zigzag row planting pattern. Manuscript profile
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        141 - Effect of planting date on yield and yield components of sesame cultivars in Miyaneh region, Iran
        Jalil Ajalli Saeed Vazan Ali Faramarzi Farzad Paknejad
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three planting dates (20 June, 6 and 21 July) on yield and yield components of five sesame cultivars (Moghan17, Naz, Karaj1, Behbahan, and Yekta) in Miyaneh agricultural research station in three replications. Dry weigh More
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three planting dates (20 June, 6 and 21 July) on yield and yield components of five sesame cultivars (Moghan17, Naz, Karaj1, Behbahan, and Yekta) in Miyaneh agricultural research station in three replications. Dry weight of different organs of plant, and morphological attributes like as capsule numbers, 1000 kernel weight, protein percentage, yield and yield components was measured in a RCBD base factorial design. There was significant differences among cultivars and planting dates on capsule numbers, protein percentage, biomass, and grain yield of sesame cultivars. The highest yield belonged to Yekta and the least one belonged to Naz cultivar. The first planting date (20 June) also showed higher yield than others did. Based on the results, planting of Yekta cultivar at first planting date could be recommended in Miyaneh and similar climatic regions. Manuscript profile
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        142 - The effect of planting date and nitrogen on yield and yield components of Linseed, Linum usitatissimum L.
        Mohammad Mahdi Rahimi ghorban normohamadi amir Aeinehband
        In order to investigate the effect of sowing date and different nitrogen levels on yield, yield components and active substances of linseed, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications during 2005-200 More
        In order to investigate the effect of sowing date and different nitrogen levels on yield, yield components and active substances of linseed, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications during 2005-2007 in Yasouj agricultural research station. Five sowing dates were considered as main plots and four fertilizer levels including 0 (control), 50, 100 and 150 kg/ha pure N from urea source were placed in subplots. The results of complex two-year analysis of data indicated that plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, grain yield, thousand seed weight, leaf area index, dry mater, crop growth rate and oil percentage were significantly reduced in delayed sowing dates. The most yield (1801.12 kg/ha) was obtained at first sowing date (10 March), and significantly decreased to the least rate in the latest sowing date (1 May). Application of 100 kg/ha pure N significantly increased plant height, number of branches, number of fruits, leaf area index, dry mater, and crop growth. The most grain yield was also achieved in use of 100 kg/ha pure N treatment. The most oil (34.6%) and acid linolenic (52.38%) rates was obtained in the first sowing date and the least rates was belong to the last sowing date. Sowing date had no significant effect on acid oleic and acid linoleic rates. The most acid linolenic (52.64%) and acid linoleic (15.36%) were obtained by the use of 150kg/ha pure N and the most acid oleic (20.59%) were obtained in control. Manuscript profile
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        143 - Effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of two canola cultivars in Khuzestan area
        Abdol Amir Rahnama
        Optimal sowing date of canola is limited in south and north of Khuzestan province of Iran by rotation, water, soil and climate conditions and so determination of the relationship between yield and yield components with planting date is necessary. In order to determine t More
        Optimal sowing date of canola is limited in south and north of Khuzestan province of Iran by rotation, water, soil and climate conditions and so determination of the relationship between yield and yield components with planting date is necessary. In order to determine the effect of sowing date on the yield and yield components of two canola cultivars, an experiment was carried out as split plot based on a randomize complete block design with four replications during 2004-2005. Seven planting dates were allocated to the main plots and two canola cultivars were arranged in subplots. Based on the results, delay in canola planting caused significant decrease in yield and yield components, seed germination percentage, flowering and maturity duration, plant stem height and significant increase of planting to emergence period. There was significant negative correlation between planting date and yield at %1 probability level. Optimal planting date was October 22 and results revealed decreasing trend in Hyola401 hybrid and RGS003 cultivar yield in non optimal planting dates. In conclution, planting Hyola401 during October 22 to November 12 was recommended and if it was not possible, RGS003 planting during October 22 to Novemer 22 could be advisable. Manuscript profile
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        144 - Effects of plant distance and tuber size on yield and yield component of potato varieties
        Varahram Rashidi
        In order to study the effect ofplant distance and tuber size on yield and yield components of potato varieties, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design, at research station of Islamic Azad university, Tabriz branch during 2003-2004 More
        In order to study the effect ofplant distance and tuber size on yield and yield components of potato varieties, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design, at research station of Islamic Azad university, Tabriz branch during 2003-2004. Factors were variety in two levels, seed distance on planting rows in two levels and four levels of tuber size. Results of two year combined analysis showed that three way interaction of "year*variety*plant distance" for main stem numbers trait was significant, expressing different response of variety and plant distance upon mentioned trait in two years. Also interaction of year*variety, year*plant distance and year*tuber size for yield was significant, that represented different response of varieties for yield and different impressibility of yield by plant distance and tuber size during two years. Results revealed that Mourn was superior to Cosmos variety in most studied traits. Plant distance of 20 cm on implant rows increased yield and main stem numbers and 25 cm planting distance was impressible for production of less small and more moderate and large tubers. Tuber size of 35-55 mm was the best size in all studied traits. Overally, the results showed that treatment compound of Mourn variety, 20 cm seed distance and 35-55 mm tuber size was the best treatment. However, while the farmers have to cut tuber, the treatment compound of Mourn variety, 20 cm seed distance and oversize of 55 mm tuber was the most desirable treatment. According to different responses of potato varieties to plant distance and tuber size, incorporation of variety, plant density and tuber size.should be regarded to obtain high yield. Manuscript profile
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        145 - Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and row spacing on grain yield and morphological characteristics of rapeseed as second cropping after rice
        Mohammad Rabiee Mehrdad Jilani
        The effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and row spacing was studied on grain yield and morphological characteristics of rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em> L., var. Hyola 308) as second cropping in paddy fields of Rice Research Institute of Iran. experiment was carried o More
        The effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and row spacing was studied on grain yield and morphological characteristics of rapeseed (<em>Brassica napus</em> L., var. Hyola 308) as second cropping in paddy fields of Rice Research Institute of Iran. experiment was carried out for two years as factorial based on a randomize complete block design with three replications. The first factor was four nitrogen fertilizer levels from urea including 98, 140, 182 and 224 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> .The second factor was row spacing at three levels of 20, 25 and 30 cm. In this experiment, some important growth characteristics such as plant height, number of siliques per plant, number of seeds per silique, biological yield, harvest index, grain yield, oil yield, initiation of flowering and growth periods were studied. Results of the combined analysis of variance showed that there were no significant difference for grain yield between the two experimental years. Between nitrogen levels, the treatment of 224 kg ha<sup>-1 </sup>produced maximum grain yield (2189 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), oil yield (1001 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), biological yield (7142 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), plant height (111.9 cm) and height of the lowest silique bearing branch from soil surface (34.4 cm). Row spacing of 20 cm showed the highest grain yield (1947 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), oil yield (887.4 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), biological yield (6652 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>) and plant height (109.9 cm). Although the interactions between nitrogen levels and row spacing was not significant, maximum grain and oil yields were obtained by application of 224kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> nitrogen fertilizer in 20 cm row spacing. Manuscript profile
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        146 - Study on growth phenology of soybean cultivars after harvesting of rice in Guilan province
        Hasan Akhgary Shahram Sedaghathoori
        Intercropping of agricultural crops is one of the proper approaches for increasing of agriculture efficiency. To achieve this purpose in Guilan rice lands, sequential cropping of rice and soybean was assessed. In this experiment, rice as a main crop and soybean as a sec More
        Intercropping of agricultural crops is one of the proper approaches for increasing of agriculture efficiency. To achieve this purpose in Guilan rice lands, sequential cropping of rice and soybean was assessed. In this experiment, rice as a main crop and soybean as a second crop were planted. Soybean seeds were sown and production of soybean transplants carried out before rice harvesting. Immediately after rice harvesting and preparation of rice land to plant the second crop, transplants of seven cultivars of soybean planted in related blocks. Traits of soybean cultivars assessed by randomized completely block design in three replications. Vegetative and reproductive stages of soybean transplants and plants studied from sowing date to harvesting time. Based on the results, maximum transplants death, minimum seed yield, minimum plant height, maximum chlorosis due to deep water at base of the plants and minimum height of first sheath per plant related to SRF cultivar. Minimum transplants death in soybean nursery related to William's cultivar with 96.6 % safe plant. Plant height, lateral foliage number and seed yield traits had significant difference at confidence level of 0.01, while height of first sheath and seed numbers per plant had significant difference at confidence level of 0.01among soybean cultivars. Results showed that Pashm-Baghala and L<sub>I</sub>, cultivars had maximum seed yield (194.5 and 196.1 gr/m<sup>2</sup>), while SRF cultivar had minimum yield. Manuscript profile
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        147 - Study the growth process of spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties at different planting times in Khuzestan, Iran.
        Mohammad Khayat
        Study the growth process of rapeseed will provide the possibility to manage its cultivation with regard to optimal adaptation to the growing environment. This study was performed using a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replic More
        Study the growth process of rapeseed will provide the possibility to manage its cultivation with regard to optimal adaptation to the growing environment. This study was performed using a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four planting dates (Novemeber 6, November 21, December 6 and December 21) were allocated to the main plots and four varieties (Hyola401, PP.401, R.G.S.300 and Option500) to the subplots. The results showed that late planting at the critical growth stage in the end season will encounter to high temperature, and this resulted in better planting date of 6<sup>th</sup> November for yield and physiological indices as compared to other planting dates. Hybrid Hyola401 presented the heighest yield (3603 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), maximum LAI (3.51), total dry matter (1249 g m<sup>-1</sup>), growth rate (21 g.m<sup>-2</sup>. day<sup>-1</sup>), net assimilation rate (7 g.m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup>) and relative growth rate (0.064 g.g<sup>-1</sup>.day<sup>-1</sup>) at the flowering stage in comparison to other cultivars. In general, the results showed that Hyola401 had higher growth indexes than other varieties if it is varieties on mid November in the Khuzestan province of Iran. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        148 - Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and planting dates on stem borer and blast disease and yield in replanted rice cultivars in Amol, Iran
        Allahyar Fallah Merhdad Allahyar Fallah Ranjbar Abdolreza
        10.22034/aej.2019.664983
        To determine the effects of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on stem borer, blast disease and rice yield of in replanted rice cultivars of Koohsar, Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali, two separate experiments were carried out in split plot based on randomized c More
        To determine the effects of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on stem borer, blast disease and rice yield of in replanted rice cultivars of Koohsar, Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali, two separate experiments were carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design during the growing years of 2015-2016 in Amol, Iran. The first experiment was the effect of nitrogen fertilizer with the amounts of 30, 60, and 90 kg/ha on rice cultivars. The second one was the effect of planting dates including 24 July, 3, 11, and 13 August on severity of stem borer, blast disease and rice cultivars yield. The severity of stem borer was about 18 on Koohsar, and 6 ~ 12% on Binam, Tarom Hashemi, and Tarom Mahali cultivars. The increase of nitrogen application rate resulted in significant increase of stem borer severity in vegetative and reproductive stages.The amounts of panicle node blast in Koohsar and Binam cultivars were 21 ~ 43 and 4%, respectively. Increasing nitrogen rate caused significantly higher rice yield, but application of 90 kg/ha N increased the severity of stem borer. There was no significant difference in stem borer severity among the studied cultivars. The stem borer and blast disease severity was in maximum level in the first planting date. Panicle node blast severity in Koohsar was more than local rice cultivars in all three planting dates. To obtain higher rice yield and less damage of stem borer and blast disease in rice replanting system, the second&nbsp; planting date and 60 kg/ha of N fertilizer is recommended. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        149 - Effect of planting date and water deficit on qualitative and quantitative traits of Sunflower in Sistan, Iran
        Hamidreza Mobasser
        10.22034/aej.2016.520859
        <span>Effects of sowing date and water deficit were studied at different reproductive growth stages on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sunflower cv. Azargol in Sistan, Iran. The experiment was carried out using a split plot experiment based on a com More
        <span>Effects of sowing date and water deficit were studied at different reproductive growth stages on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of sunflower cv. Azargol in Sistan, Iran. The experiment was carried out using a split plot experiment based on a completely randomized block design with three replications at the Research Station of Zahak in 2010. There were three levels of sowing times (2010/03/15, 2010/03/24, 2010/04/04) as main-plots, and irrigation levels (normal irrigation, water withhold at budding stage, 50% in flowering and grain filling stages) as sub-plots. The interaction between planting date and water withhold on all traits were not significant. The effect of water withholding different growth stages on grain yield, oil content, grain number, grain weight, were statistically significant at the 1% probability level. No significant difference was observed among treatments in water withhold and oil yield. The effect of planting date on head diameter, grain number and grain weight was significant at 5% level so that the lowest value measurement of head diameter, grain number and grain weight was the third planting date. Withholding irrigation had a negative impact on grain yield and oil percentage. According to the result of the research, 15 and 24 March would be recommended as proper planting date in this region.</span> Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        150 - The effect of planting date on yield and yield components of different sesame cultivars under Miyaneh climatic condition.
        Ebrahim Lazemi Ali Faramarzi Rahim Alimohammadi
        This study was conducted to investigate the effect of two planting date on yield and yield components of four sesame cultivars including Mahalli Varamin, Moghan-17, Karaj&ndash;1 and Mahalli Behbahan at resarch farm of Islamic Azad university, Miyaneh branch during summ More
        This study was conducted to investigate the effect of two planting date on yield and yield components of four sesame cultivars including Mahalli Varamin, Moghan-17, Karaj&ndash;1 and Mahalli Behbahan at resarch farm of Islamic Azad university, Miyaneh branch during summer 2005. Experiment was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications. In this study, dry weight of various organs, capsule numbers of each plant, number of seeds in a capsule, protein and oil percentage, and yield was evaluated. Results revealed significant difference between planting dates in most of evaluated traits, except grain yield. There was significant difference between planted cultivars in most evaluated traits, except number of capsules, protein percentage, dry weight and grain yield. The difference of the interaction between planting date and cultivars on studied traits such as number of seeds in a capsule, weight of 1000 seeds and harvest index (HI) were also significant. The results showed that karaj-1 and Mahally behbahan cultivars had maximum (1625 kg/ha) and minimum (745kg/ha) yield, respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        151 - Determining of planting arrangement in spring genotypes of safflower
        Alireza Khalilzadeh Gogany Bahman Pasban Eslam Gorban Nurmohamadi Ali Reza khalilzadeh Gogany
        Effects of the planting arrangement on the yield, its components. seed oil percentage and certain agricultural properties of safflower <em>(Carthamus tinctorius </em>L.) were studied in Gogan (located in east Azarbayjan) during 1381-82. The space between rows were 15, 3 More
        Effects of the planting arrangement on the yield, its components. seed oil percentage and certain agricultural properties of safflower <em>(Carthamus tinctorius </em>L.) were studied in Gogan (located in east Azarbayjan) during 1381-82. The space between rows were 15, 30, 60 centimeters and the distances between the plants were 5, 10, 15 centimeters and Genotypes involved IL111, Kj818 and Arak-2811. The experiment was done based on factorial based randomized block design in 3 replications. During the experiment; different properties were studied including plant height, numbers of branchs of a plant, number of bolls, number of seeds in a boll, seed yield, harvest index, thousand seed weight and seed oil percent. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among genotypes in number of the seeds in capitulum, number of capitula in a plant, thousand seed weight, plant height and seed yield. At the same time, planting arrangement had significat effect on number of capitulum in a plant, number of seed in a capitulum and seed yield. The 15 cm resulted in the highest yield. It can be said that the Arak-2811 with 4.34 tons seed yield/ha was the best. It seems that, development of safflower is of great value specially in medium and poor soils of Ourmieh Lake edges (e.g. Gogan) to obtain an acceptable production. Manuscript profile
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        152 - Effect of planting date on some morphological and phenological traits of corn (Zea mays L.)
        Farshad Larki Nazanin Amirbakhtiar Mohsen Ghamari Seyed Ata-Allah Siyadat
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to investigate the effect of planting date on some morphological and phenological traits of six medium maturity promising corn hybrids in the north of Khuzestan, an experiment was conducted as a split plot based on a randomized complete block More
        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In order to investigate the effect of planting date on some morphological and phenological traits of six medium maturity promising corn hybrids in the north of Khuzestan, an experiment was conducted as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Safi-Abad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khuzestan in 2008. Main plots included six planting dates (June 30<sup>th</sup>, July 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 21<sup>st</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> and August 4<sup>th</sup>) and sub plots consisted of six hybrids of corn and the hybrid SC704 was considered as a control. Results showed that both vegetative growth period, growing degree-day (GDD) and total growth were influenced by planting date and variety. The highest GDD was obtained at first planting date. Among different planting dates, maximum plant height was obtained on August 4<sup>th</sup> with 203 cm. Among different hybrids, maximum plant height related to SC 704 with 190 cm. Both ear length and first ear height had an increasing trend toward the late planting dates. By considering the corn-wheat rotation and harvesting problems of summer corn in Khuzestan province, planting date on July 28 is suggested for warm climates like Khouzestan. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        153 - The effect of sowing date on weeds population and identification dominant species in chickpea farm
        Ehsan fathi Iraj Tahmasebi Nasrin Teimoori
        10.22034/aej.2016.523928
        <strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</strong>An experiment was carried out as a factorial based on completely randomized design in three replication to determinate damages caused by weeds in three different planting dates and identification of dominant w More
        <strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</strong>An experiment was carried out as a factorial based on completely randomized design in three replication to determinate damages caused by weeds in three different planting dates and identification of dominant weed species in chickpea farms in Kurdistan University Research Farm located in Dehgolan during the cropping year of 2012-13. The three experiment factors were conducted as follows: the first factor, sowing date in three levels of autumn, waiting and spring, the second factor in two levels of weed interference and non-interference and the third factor was chickpea cultivars including ILC482, Azad, Arman, Pirouz and Kaka. Abundance of weed species in autumn sowing was higher than waiting and spring planting. <em>Galium tricornotum</em>, <em>Turgenia latifolia</em> and <em>Geranium tubrosum </em>were dominant species in pea farm.<em> Galium tricornotum</em> and <em>Turgenia latifolia</em> were the most abundant species in autumn sowing.<em> Turgenia latifolia</em> and <em>convolvulus arvensis </em>were the most abundant species in witing and spring planting, respectively. The highest relative density in autumn sowing date was obtained from <em>Turgenia latifolia</em>. <em>Turgenia latifolia</em> had almost 50% of relative importance of all weed species in autumn sowing. <em>Turgenia latifolia</em>, <em>Galium Tricornotum</em> and <em>convolvulus arvensis</em> make it difficult to harvest chickpea because of their morphological characteristics and growth traits. The highest density of weed species was recorded in autumn sowing date. Due to high density of weed species in different plantings, if they were not controlled, remarkable reduction in chickpea yield would be predictable, especially in spring sowing which is faced with moisture deficiency during growth. Manuscript profile
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        154 - Effects of planting date and plant density on yield and yield components of barley in a cold region of Aligoodarz, Iran
        Hamid Reza Nazari Ezatollah Nabati
        To study the effects of planting date and plant density on grain yield and physiological characteristics of barley, an experiment was conducted using Nosrat barley cultivar at cold area of Aligoodarz in 2007-2008. The experiment was a split plot based on a randomized co More
        To study the effects of planting date and plant density on grain yield and physiological characteristics of barley, an experiment was conducted using Nosrat barley cultivar at cold area of Aligoodarz in 2007-2008. The experiment was a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots were planting date at three levels (March 8, April 25, April 10 with average temperature degrees of 13,11 and 9&ordm;<sup>c</sup>) and sub-plots were planting density at four&nbsp; levels (300, 350, 400, 450 g/m<sup>2</sup>). The results showed that the effect of planting date significantly affected grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, 1000-grains weight and grain number per spike. The highest grain yield was 6.23 ton/ha at the planting date of March 8. Effects of planting density on yield, straw yield, tillers number per plant, 1000-grain weight and harvest index were also significant. Regarding to the effect of planting date and plant density interactions, the highest grain yield was obtained on the planting date of March 8 along with plant density of 350 g/m<sup>2 </sup>with 7.37 t/ha. Based on the results, it seems that planting date and plant density are important factors affecting yield and yield components of barley in cold areas like Aligoodarz, Lorestan province of Iran. Manuscript profile
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        155 - Effects of planting time on the growth stages and oil and seed yield of soybean in Ardabil region, Iran.
        Seyed Sajjad Moosavi Seyed Mohammad Javad Mirhadi Ali Akbar Imani Ali Mohammadpour Khaneghah
        &nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study the effects of different planting dates on growth stages and oil and seed yieldsof soybean varieties, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Resear More
        &nbsp;&nbsp; In order to study the effects of different planting dates on growth stages and oil and seed yieldsof soybean varieties, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch in 2009. The first factor was planting date at four levels (27 May, 5, 15 and 26 June) and the second factor was Williams variety and L17 line of soybean. The results showed that there were significant differences between planting dates for traits like plant height, days from sowing to first flowering, days from sowing to first pod initiation, oil percentage, seed yield, oil &nbsp;yield, growth period and days from sowing to seed formation. Interaction effects of planting date and varieties were not significant for all evaluated characteristics. Planting dates of 27 May and 5 June were not statistically different and were the same for plant height, days from sowing to first flowering, days from sowing to first poding and oil percantage. Planting date of 27 May had the highest values for seed yield, oil &nbsp;yield, growth period and days from sowing to seed formation. Results of this research showed that&nbsp; becaues of short growth period in Ardabil region, soybean could not reach to its potential yield and it seems that the planting date of 27 May is more suitable than other planting dates in Ardabil cold climate. Manuscript profile
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        156 - Effect of planting pattern on yield and yield components of rapeseed cv. Zarfam
        Basir Samadi Firoozabad Ebrahim Farahani Gholam Reza Naderi
        10.22034/aej.2017.528887
        To determine the best planting pattern of rapeseed cv. Zarfam, an experiment was carried out during two years of 2010 and 2011 at Agricultural Research Station of Varamin, Iran. The experiment was in split-plot design based on complete randomized block with 12 treatment More
        To determine the best planting pattern of rapeseed cv. Zarfam, an experiment was carried out during two years of 2010 and 2011 at Agricultural Research Station of Varamin, Iran. The experiment was in split-plot design based on complete randomized block with 12 treatments and four replications. The main plots included four planting methods including one or two rows on furrow with 60 or 50 cm spacing and the sub plots included three seed rates of 6, 8 and 10 kg/ha. Combined analysis showed that interaction between planting methods and seed rates was significant on day to germinate, day of ripening, and number of silique per plant and weight of 1000 seed. Planting method of one row on furrow with 60 cm spacingcaused longest period of crop maturity, number of pod per plant, number of seed per silique, 1000 seed weightand oil percentage.Seed rate up to 8 kg had proper resultsandincreasing the number of rows and reducing space between caused decrement in yield and yieldcomponents.The method of one row planting on furrow with 60 cm spacing had the most seed number in silique and oil percentage. Also, 60 cm spacing on one row and 8 kg/ha seed rate had suitable effect on most of the studied traits would be recommendable for rapessed cv. Zarfam in this region. Manuscript profile
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        157 - Effect of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on grain sorghum yield and yield components
        Amin Abbasi Moghaddam Marziyeh Abbasi Moghaddam
        Effect of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of grain sorghum was investigated. The experiment was carried out in a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications with four levels of nitrogen fertilizer in More
        Effect of planting date and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of grain sorghum was investigated. The experiment was carried out in a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications with four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including 0, 100, 150 and 200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> as the main factor and planting dates including May 30, 15 and 30 June as sub plots. &nbsp;Nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the yield (6.078 t.ha<sup>-1</sup>) and with consumption of 200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup> nitrogen, yield was increased dramatically. Taking 200 kg .ha<sup>-1</sup> fertilizer increased biological yield (20.561 t.ha<sup>-1</sup>). &nbsp;Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on grain weight (2.414 g) and seed number was significant at 1%. The most effective planting time on the yield and yield components was May 30. The interaction between planting date and nitrogen fertilizer was not significant in any traits. According to the results of this experiment, 200 kg.ha&shy;<sup>-1 </sup>N can be used to achieve maximum yield at first planting date. Manuscript profile
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        158 - Investigation of different planting dates effects on yield and yield components of four soybean cultivars in Miyaneh region
        Mahdi Azizi Ali Faramarzi Mehrdad Abdi Jalil Ajalli
        In order to investigation of the effect of planting date and varity on yield and some agronomic characters in soybean (<em>Glycine</em> <em>max</em>) a field study was conducted as factorial experiment as a randomized complete block design with three replications in Isl More
        In order to investigation of the effect of planting date and varity on yield and some agronomic characters in soybean (<em>Glycine</em> <em>max</em>) a field study was conducted as factorial experiment as a randomized complete block design with three replications in Islamic Azad university &ndash; Miyaneh Branch. There were planting dates in three levels: 24 April, 9 May and 25 May, as factor A and cultivars in four levels: Clark, Williams, Zan, Harcor as factor B. The Results showed that planting date has a significant effect on plant height , number of pod per plant and grain yield ,biological yield, Harvest index and Kerned oil content. With delaying on planting date after 24 April, height plant number of pod, plant grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, and oil context where decreased but no significant difference on thousand grain yield, number of seed in pod and protein percent effect of planting date was not significant cultivar Zan had a higher grain yield, biological yield, number of pod plant thousand grain yield and oil percent in all three planting dates but it had a lowest protein percent in comparison with other cultivars. Also the results showed that the best planting date and cultivar, is 24 Apr., and Zan C.V. with 3649 kg/ha grain yield. There were positive and significant correlation coefficients between grain yield and biological yield, harvest index, oil percent , Kernel&nbsp; protein context, thousand grain yield and number of pods per&nbsp; plant&nbsp; at %1 sprobability level . Manuscript profile
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        159 - STUDY ON EFFECT OF HUMIDITY STRESS ON PHISIOLOGICAL INDICES OF 3 RICE VARETIES BY( DIRECT PLANTING) IN CONDITION OF MINIMUM TILLAGE IN AHVAZ AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER
        ali jafari
        In order reaching to occurate water regime in the condition of minimum tillage and its effect on the yield and yield component physiological index of rice varieties, a experiment had carried out the Agronomey year of 2006-2007 in the research field of shavour station. T More
        In order reaching to occurate water regime in the condition of minimum tillage and its effect on the yield and yield component physiological index of rice varieties, a experiment had carried out the Agronomey year of 2006-2007 in the research field of shavour station. The experiment had carried out in split-plot design some Randomized complete block with three Replication that contains three water regimes with one day or check, Two (I<sub>2</sub>) and three days (I<sub>3</sub>) Interaction for the main factor level and three rice Varieties: red Anborie (V<sub>1</sub>) and champa (V<sub>2</sub>) and LD<sub>183</sub> (V<sub>3</sub>) or Danial as main factor level. Results of experiment show that in physiological indices humidity stress increases leaf area index (LAI), also LAI in ANBURI and CHAMPA varieties was more than LD183 variety.In interaction effects between varieties and&nbsp; humidity stresses, combination of&nbsp; following treatments increased LAI: anburi variety , humidity stress (,irrigating after 3 days), champa vaiety, humidity stress (irrigating afterdays), LD183 , (both kind of humidity stresses). <br />Humidity stress by frequency of irrigating after 2 days makes highest Crop growth rate (CRG), but by increasing of time priority of humidity stress CGR decreased. Champa variety has highest CGR between all. In interaction effects between local varieties and&nbsp; humidity stresses CGR decreases by increasing period of humidity stress. But in LD183 rising of humidity stress period, increased CGR.In general Humidity stress decreased relative growth rate (RGR) in all varieties. LD183 has highest RGR between all varieties. In interaction effects between varieties and&nbsp; humidity stresses, local varieties&nbsp; show highest RGR when they got irrigated after 3 days but in LD183 humidity stress decreased RGR because of enlarging of LAI &nbsp;and increasing of CGR in period of stress condition. Net assimilation ratio (NAR) decreased at first step of humidity stress condition but in continue at last step of plant growth, NAR increased simultaneously by increasing of humidity stress. LD183 had highest NAR between all varieties. In interaction effects between varieties and&nbsp; humidity stresses, local varieties show decreasing in NAR because of humidity stress.&nbsp; But NAR increased in LD183 Varity in condition of irrigating after 2 days and also by enlarging of period of humidity stress NAR show falling. So the results indicate that 2 and 3 humidity stresses treatments can be used for rice irrigating. <br />&nbsp; Manuscript profile
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        160 - The effects of planting date, plant density and planting pattern on grain yield and qualities of grain corn Variety K.S.C647 in the region Beyranshahr (Lorestan).
        hadi khavari ali khorhami karim khademi behrouz amiraei
        With due attention to the conditions of climate in Beyranshahr (lorestan). and for controlling about fair recommend , date of planting , also determining about the fair way of adornment , of planting , in other words , accumulation of desired crucible in Hectare unit fo More
        With due attention to the conditions of climate in Beyranshahr (lorestan). and for controlling about fair recommend , date of planting , also determining about the fair way of adornment , of planting , in other words , accumulation of desired crucible in Hectare unit for&nbsp; K.S.C 647 digit . This plan based on the way split Factorial in the model of random blocks, four repeat, in village of gollab (Beyranshahr &ndash; Lorestan), was done. In these experiments from the stage of planting to harvesting , constant taking note about researches of maize , height of crucible , roasted maize &ndash; number of days reading physiology , measuring functions particles , such as number of seeds in a row, number of seed row , weight of&nbsp; roasted maize seed , weight of seed thousand , dry weight of roasted maize wood , function biologic , height of crucible , planting indicator , indicator of leaf surface , number of ending leaf , about every patient will do and calculate . The summary of resulting about experiment and contrasting of average of simple effects, and against measured characteristics, would show that simple effect of planting date and effect of planting adornment against seed function isn&rsquo;t meaning less. But most of seed function in crucible accumulation, earned was (85/000). Those 14.653 tons in every Hectare In against effects of planting date , accumulation of&nbsp; crucible and planting adornment the most seed function in date of second planting (31/May/2014) and seed accumulating (85/000) at distance of lines 25 cm (two rows) with 15/849 tons in Hectare will be attained . In this research, for this region, we recommend, date of second planting (31/May/2014) and seed accumulation (85/000). For germinating and grow thing of maize plant, we will have a Fair opportunity, planting characters tics and seed function, will have a fair development. In the end, the part of source will be supported and seed function will be increased. In the meantime, we don&rsquo;t recommend the date of third planting, because there isn&rsquo;t enough opportunity for decreasing the wet of maize seed in the farm, and it isn&rsquo;t available to have a bed for other product. <br />&nbsp; Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        161 - Study the effect of water stress on physiological indices in 3 rice cultivars by(direct Planting) under minimum tillage at Ahvaz agricultural research center
        ali jafari
        In order reaching to occurate water regime under minimum tillage system and its effect on the physiological indices of 3 rice cultivars an experiment&nbsp; was conducted as a split-plot design based on &nbsp;Randomized complete block with three replication in the year o More
        In order reaching to occurate water regime under minimum tillage system and its effect on the physiological indices of 3 rice cultivars an experiment&nbsp; was conducted as a split-plot design based on &nbsp;Randomized complete block with three replication in the year of 2006-2007 at research field of shavour station. Treatment contains three water regimes with one day or check, Two (I<sub>2</sub>) and three days (I<sub>3</sub>) Interaction for the main factor level and three rice Vareties: red Anborie (V<sub>1</sub>) and champa (V<sub>2</sub>) and LD<sub>183</sub> (V<sub>3</sub>) or Danial as a sub factor level.. Results of experiment showed that in related to physiological indices humidity stress increases leaf area index (LAI), also LAI in ANBURI and CHAMPA varieties was more than LD183 variety.In interaction effects between varieties and humidity stresses, combination of following treatments increased LAI: anburi variety, humidity stress (, irrigating after 3 days), champa vaiety, humidity stress (irrigating afterdays), LD183, (both kind of humidity stresses). <br />Humidity stress by frequency of irrigating after 2 days makes highest Crop growth rate (CRG), but by increasing of time priority of humidity stress CGR decreased. Champa variety has highest CGR between all. In interaction effects between local varieties and humidity stresses CGR decreases by increasing period of humidity stress. But in LD183 rising of humidity stress period, increased CGR.In general Humidity stress decreased relative growth rate (RGR) in all varieties. LD183 has highest RGR between all varieties. In interaction effects between varieties and humidity stresses, local varieties show highest RGR when they got irrigated after 3 days but in LD183 humidity stress decreased RGR because of enlarging of LAI and increasing of CGR in period of stress condition. Net assimilation ratio (NAR) decreased at first step of humidity stress condition but in continue at last step of plant growth, NAR increased simultaneously by increasing of humidity stress. LD183 had highest NAR between all varieties. In interaction effects between varieties and humidity stresses, local varieties show decreasing in NAR because of humidity stress.&nbsp; But NAR increased in LD183 Varity in condition of irrigating after 2 days and also by enlarging of period of humidity stress NAR show falling. So the results indicate that 2 and 3 humidity stresses treatments can be used for rice irrigating.&nbsp; Manuscript profile

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