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Open Access Article
1 - Estimating the Segment-Oriented Discrete-Choice Model of Customer Differentiation
M. A. Abdolvand J. Nazemi H. A. MomeniIn product choice models, incorporating socio-demographic characteristics is conceptually appealingand has numerous managerial benefits. The main question is how socio-demographic characteristicsdifferentiate customers or products in order to define relevant marketing s MoreIn product choice models, incorporating socio-demographic characteristics is conceptually appealingand has numerous managerial benefits. The main question is how socio-demographic characteristicsdifferentiate customers or products in order to define relevant marketing strategies. Traditionally,discrete choice models, also called the consolidated approach, have been used to understand, describe,and predict consumer choices for a particular product . In this study, a segment-oriented approach isintroduced and compared with the consolidated approach. The proposed methodology uses principalcomponent analysis to segment the population into different groups. The results indicate that principalcomponent analysis is a robust method and outperforms the consolidated approach in terms of choicepredictability and R-square index. These findings bring new insight to manufacturers as well asmarketers regarding customer policies targeting . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigation of MHD instabilities in tokamak plasmas Using biorthogonal decomposition of Mirnov coil data
Habib Mehrniya Mohammad Kazem Salem Ahmad Salar Elahi -
Open Access Article
3 - Self-focusing of a high-intensity laser pulse by a magnetized plasma lens in sub-relativistic regime
Mehdi Etehadi Abari Mahsa Sedaghat Mohammad Taghi Hosseinnejad -
Open Access Article
4 - Market neutral statistical arbitrage strategy by factor models in Tehran stock exchange
Farimah Mokhatab Rafiei Kamyar Nourbakhshforecasting price movements is a challenging issue. So different statistical arbitrage strategies are devised to trade in exchanges. Some of these strategies are market neutral. Market neutral strategies are neutral to market movements and make profits in any situation. Moreforecasting price movements is a challenging issue. So different statistical arbitrage strategies are devised to trade in exchanges. Some of these strategies are market neutral. Market neutral strategies are neutral to market movements and make profits in any situation. These strategies use long and short positions at the same time and this makes them unusable in exchanges like Tehran stock exchange that only long position is available. Purpose of this paper is devising a market neutral statistical arbitrage strategy which can be used in Tehran stock exchange. In devising this strategy we use principal component analysis to estimate market movements and calculate stocks idiosyncratic movements. To forecasting stocks idiosyncratic movements, which have mean reverting properties, we use Ornstein-uhlenbeck model. The strategy made 35% average annual return by considering transaction cost which is more than Tehran exchange index in the study period. results show this method is a good framework for devising statistical arbitrage strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Estimating Segment - Oriented Discrete - Choice Model of Customer Differentiation (Buyers Preferences of Saipa Products as a Case Study)
M. A. Abdolvand J. Nazemi H. Ali MomeniIn product choice models, incorporating socio-demographic characteristics is conceptually appealing and has numerous managerial benefits. The main question is how socio-demographic characteristics differentiate customers or products in order to define relevant marketing MoreIn product choice models, incorporating socio-demographic characteristics is conceptually appealing and has numerous managerial benefits. The main question is how socio-demographic characteristics differentiate customers or products in order to define relevant marketing mix strategies or what a disaggregated analysis reveals about the customer's profile of company products. Traditionally econometrician and marketers apply discrete choice models into a total population or a sample of consumers (naming as consolidated approach) in order to understand, describe, and predict consumer choices for a particular product and assess socio-demographic variation on the utility functions and subsequently analyse the difference between segments behaviour in order to identify differences between target consumers. The Multinomial Logit model developed based on data obtained from new car buyers of SAIPA automotive company and final model including all significant variables and their estimated parameters on utility functions of all products presented. In this study, a segment-oriented approach is introduced and compared with the consolidated approach. The proposed methodology using principal component analysis to segment the population (or sample) into different groups so as the results indicate principal component analysis is a robust method in order to reach to differentiated segments among population as expected and finally the result is compared with consolidated approach which indicates the segmented approach outperforms the consolidated approach in terms of choice predictability and R-square index of the model. The results bring a new insight to car manufacturers as well as marketing planners concerning policy setting about customer characterizing and targeting that affects marketing mix strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Measurement designing and assessing effective factors on municipality's employee job satisfaction
احسان سپهوند رسول محمدرضاییIntroduction and Objective: One of the management's issues that are more interest for scientist is optimize human resource management which plays key role of organization's efficiency and one aspect of the optimization human resource management is job satisfaction. The MoreIntroduction and Objective: One of the management's issues that are more interest for scientist is optimize human resource management which plays key role of organization's efficiency and one aspect of the optimization human resource management is job satisfaction. The purpose of this research is instrument designing to job satisfaction measurement of stuff by appropriative questioner which consider especial circumstance of Ahwaz municipality worker, then identify and analyze the influence factor on determinate job satisfaction. Methods: In this study to obtain the appropriative questionnaire immoderate and intricate of valid questionnaires were used. So at first, to identify involved factors in explaining the job satisfaction Principal Component analysis were used and the result showed: Support, Justice, Stewardship, nature of work and employment facilities are effective component. After this step, by Stepwise Regression the role of each those components in job satisfaction were predicted. In order to discover job satisfaction diversification between different occupational groups, depend on the require test, analysis of variance, T test were used. Results: Results were showed significant difference between different age group and job experience with Job satisfaction and there were no significant difference in educational level with Job satisfaction. According to the result, work environment and ergonomic, providing credit facility for employer, the manager's attendance to meritocracy and training course were offered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Factors influencing the increase in labor productivity in the municipality of Ahvaz
سید رسول صالحی محمد حسینپور غلامحسین برکتIntroduction and Objective: Human Resources are considered as one of the most valuable sources in each organization. Surge of affective factors is essential in labor productivity; this study has been aiming to identify factors affecting the productivity of labor in muni MoreIntroduction and Objective: Human Resources are considered as one of the most valuable sources in each organization. Surge of affective factors is essential in labor productivity; this study has been aiming to identify factors affecting the productivity of labor in municipality of Ahvaz. Research Methods: This research is practical based on the goal, and is explorative based on data gathering and has been done in method of principal components analysis. The statistical population is Ahwaz municipal employee using a stratified random sampling; one hundred people of them were choose and after completing the researcher-made questionnaire were analyzed. Results: Among the factors affecting productivity increase four factors named internal management, supporting management, training and the ability of staff were identified. Conclusion: Work experience, paying attention to identifying trainings, employee awareness to knowledge and job skills, job security, knowledge and abeyance of the law, manager concentration on weakness and deviation of the staff, existence of a logical system of punishment and appreciation, manager’s support from the staff, acquaintance to job, appreciation and supporting of staff performance , being interested in work environment, existence of emotional atmosphere, providing performance feedback, joint meetings holding and participation of the staff as the factor in productivity increasing of the staff were identified as the factors booming efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigating of rate participation of users in the management of irrigation and drainage networks from a socio-economic point of view in the irrigation and drainage network of Alborz
Maedeh Fattahi kati-lateh Ali Shahnazari Mohammadali Gholami SefidkohiIrrigation and drainage networks contribute to the balance between water resources management and sustainable agricultural development and have valuable effects on the economy and society. Participation of farmers in irrigation and drainage networks increases water prod MoreIrrigation and drainage networks contribute to the balance between water resources management and sustainable agricultural development and have valuable effects on the economy and society. Participation of farmers in irrigation and drainage networks increases water productivity and improves agricultural sustainability. Therefore, the participation of users in irrigation network plans is essential as a new approach in water management. In this regard, a research was conducted with the aim of investigating social and economic characteristics and their impact on the participation and success of irrigation and drainage networks, focusing on the Alborz Dam network. The statistical population of this study included 72 farmers who participated in the irrigation and drainage network of Alborz Dam. The results showed that, in terms of social security, the implementation of irrigation network projects has reduced disputes and anomalies among the villagers. In terms of social literacy, farmers have considered the implementation of irrigation network projects to increase awareness in the field of strengthening local institutions. In terms of social participation, the implementation of irrigation network projects has not led to the participation of villagers in other village affairs. In general, the implementation of network projects has led to an increase in the price of agricultural land and the growth and revival of agricultural land. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Predicting the possibility of bankruptcy for the Companies admitted to the Tehran stock exchange by hybrid approach based on Data Envelopment Analysis and essential components analysis
Mohammad Reza Shahriari Peyman Hajizadeh Mohammad Hesam Asoodeh -
Open Access Article
10 - Assessment of Cost Effectiveness of a Firm Using Multiple Cost Oriented DEA and Validation with MPSS based DEA
Subhadip Sarkar -
Open Access Article
11 - Determination of Homogeneous Hydrological Regions for Estimating Runoff in Ungauged Catchments Using Cluster Analysis (Case Study: Ardabil Province)
Batoul Poorseifollahi Amin Kanooni Mohammadreza Nikpour javad ramezani moghadamGrouping of catchments based on their climatic factors and physiographic characteristics is a prerequisite for regional analysis of runoff and its use for estimating discharge of catchments without discharge measurement station. In this study, catchments located in Arda MoreGrouping of catchments based on their climatic factors and physiographic characteristics is a prerequisite for regional analysis of runoff and its use for estimating discharge of catchments without discharge measurement station. In this study, catchments located in Ardabil province were separated into homogeneous hydrological zones using discharge, mean annual precipitation and physiographic characteristics of catchments and hierarchical clustering method. Due to the large number of parameters, by using principal component analysis, the first four components with 83.6% of total variance were selected as inputs for cluster analysis. Then, the optimal number of clusters was determined by using hierarchical method and drawing the tree diagram, and finally the final clustering was done by K-means method. Subsequently, the sub-catchments that followed a hydrological process were identified using the Dalrymple uniformity test. The results of the uniformity test showed that by excluding stations outside the confidence limits of each cluster, catchments that were similar in terms of annual discharge and other physiographic and meteorological parameters were clustered. Therefore, the number of sub catchments located in clusters 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 8, 4, 9 and 9 catchments, respectively, which can be used in regional analysis to estimate runoff and floods in catchments without discharge measurement data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Noise Pollution Based On GIS, Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering and Principal Component Analysis (Case Study: Tehran)
Amir Esmael Forouhid Mohsen RostamiBackground & Objective: Noise is an adverse factor in the living environments of today’s communities. This type of pollution has drawn attention to itself in the three recent decades, being a major problem in larger cities and seen as one of the significant en MoreBackground & Objective: Noise is an adverse factor in the living environments of today’s communities. This type of pollution has drawn attention to itself in the three recent decades, being a major problem in larger cities and seen as one of the significant environmental problems, blood pressure leading to cardiovascular disorders.Material and Methodology: The paper studied Tehran, Iran. The study areas consisted of Tajrish Square, Tohid and Sattarkhan crossroads, Hakim Freeway and Hemmat Freeway of Tehran. The study areas were selected based on their traffic and urban importance. The survey measured sound levels, road slope, road width, traffic, and land use (residential, commercial, administrative, and green space). In the field method, noise pollution level was measured using a sound level meter. Due to the role of traffic parameters, slope and residential, commercial, office and green space usage parameters, the parameters were recorded for each map of harvest. The spatial and temporal dependencies were extracted using "Agglomerative hierarchical clustering" and "principal components analysis".Findings: The results indicate the critical significance of urban traffic in noise pollution, as by a large difference it had the highest contribution to noise level, followed by green space, administrative, and commercial land use; road width, and road slope.Discussion & Conclusions: It is recommended that for future roads or revamping the existing ones, more lanes be implemented to produce wider roads, prevent the construction of tall buildings on the sided of main roads, and maintaining a standard distance between buildings and main roads, freeways, and other motorways. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Analysis of land use in the BEHBAHAN city approach landscape ecology
Mir Mehrdad Mirsanjari Fatemeh MohammadyariBackground and Objective: Land cover changes as a result of complicated interactions of structural and functional factors have extensive effects on the landscape. Therefore, studying the structure of the landscape based on the principles of ecology and landscape metrics MoreBackground and Objective: Land cover changes as a result of complicated interactions of structural and functional factors have extensive effects on the landscape. Therefore, studying the structure of the landscape based on the principles of ecology and landscape metrics as its components, is a suitable tool for mapping and quantifying the spatial characteristics of each user.Material and Methodology: In the preset study, following the preparation of land cover maps and extraction of measures at two levels of class and scale, the main components analysis (PCA) was used to select the appropriate measures in the analysis of landscape changes in Behbahan city between years 2002 and 2014.Findings: Class Area (CA), the number of patches (Np), the landscape image (LSI), edge density (ED), percentage landscape (PLAND) and Shannon Diversity Index (SHDI) were selected as the most appropriate measures. The results showed an increase in the area of residential areas (1551 ha), agricultural lands (8036 ha) and irrigated areas (287 ha) and sharp drop in pastures (4560 ha) and city forests (2081 ha).Discussion and Conclusion: By human manipulation, Landscape structure is fine-grained city. and the number of pieces of man-made and natural half increased. Also, most of the changes were made due to the destruction of the grassland spots among man made crops, especially agricultural land consolidation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The study of Environmental Factors in Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn Dispersion
Nazanin Yadollahi Nematollah Khorasani Asadollah Mataji Vahid Etemad Elmira Kazemi JahandiziIntroduction: Ferns and their species are mostly found in wetting zones, for this reason the forests located at the northern side of Iran are considered as a suitable provenance for their growing up. Some studies have been conducted on Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn in I MoreIntroduction: Ferns and their species are mostly found in wetting zones, for this reason the forests located at the northern side of Iran are considered as a suitable provenance for their growing up. Some studies have been conducted on Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn in Iran, but no comprehensive research has yet been done in the field of environmental factors effective on their dispersion. This research aims to study the environmental factors effective on dispersion of this specie of Pteridium Aquilinum (L.)Kuhn in different heights of Hirkani Forests. The present research has been done in the northwest side of Golestan National Park. Methodology: Some plots containing Pteridium Aquilinum (L.) Kuhn have randomly been selected in various heights of the area under studying, and then the soil and other available plant species were sampled on field and random basis. After registration of the available data, the soil of the center of the sample plot was sampled with a depth of 30 cm. Then the correlation between environmental variables and flora was specified using Principal Components Analysis (P.C.A) and the treatments were compared by Multiple Range Duncan - Tukey Analysis in SPPS environment. Conclusion: The flora was classified using (TWINSPAN) analysis and consequently two ecologic groups were categorized. Some key species were introduced in each group and the result of (TWINSPAN) analysis is matrix 62 species and 18 plots measuring 100 Sqm. (P.C.A) results show that groups have properly been separated based on soil fertility and dispersion of ecologic groups in the area under studying are influenced by chemical properties or fertility conditions of the provenance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Ranking the stock Superior enterprises from intellectual capital position and it Comparison with the ranking based stock indexes
Narges Sarlak Ali Mohammad Ghanbari Zohreh HeydariThe emergence of the knowledge economy, cause of the increasing importance of intellectual capital as an intangible asset and source of competitive advantage. purpose of this study was firstly to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital with performance MoreThe emergence of the knowledge economy, cause of the increasing importance of intellectual capital as an intangible asset and source of competitive advantage. purpose of this study was firstly to investigate the relationship between intellectual capital with performance and value superior of companies listed in 1390 Using Value Added Intellectual Coefficient Ante Pulic (2000) and the multiple regression model is. In the second stage, these companies using principal component analysis (PCA) based on intellectual capital indicators are ranked and finally using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient , Their ranking of position intellectual capital with the ranking they based stock indexes are compared . The software used for data analysis are Eviews7 is. The results of the research indicates that there is a significant correlation between the intellectual capital with the worth of the company's financial performance and market superior stocks, , but there is not a significant correlation between the ranking of those companies based on index and ranking them based on intellectual capital index. as well as the results of the research show that among the constituent elements of intellectual capital, the capital employed efficiency has created the most influence is the superior companies EPS and human capital efficiency has not a significant impact on the financial performance and market value of the superior companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Statistical Arbitrage Strategy Based on Factor Models of Prices in Iran's stock exchange market
Farimah Mokhatab Rafiei Kamyar NourbakhshStatistical Arbitrage Strategies are looking for profitable opportunities using statistical methods. In this paper, we use a new approach to devise a statistical arbitrage strategy in Iran’s stock exchange market. In this new approach, instead of model and forecas MoreStatistical Arbitrage Strategies are looking for profitable opportunities using statistical methods. In this paper, we use a new approach to devise a statistical arbitrage strategy in Iran’s stock exchange market. In this new approach, instead of model and forecast stock prices independently, we take them as a whole and extract their common movement patterns, which can represent the general market movements, with principal component analysis. After that, we model and forecast these patterns (factors) and through them, we forecast the stock returns. Ultimately, we construct portfolios from chosen stocks in each period. Empirical result of this paper show the profitability of these strategies. chosen strategy, with time window of 100 days and forecasting horizon of 1 day could made the average annual return of 115%, without considering the transaction costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Class of High Pass Filters Derived From Elliptic Differential Operators
K. Dabighi A. Nazari S. Saryazdi V. Momenaei -
Open Access Article
18 - A new weighting approach to Non-Parametric composite indices compared with principal components analysis
M. Rahimpoor A. Heshmati A. Ahmadizad -
Open Access Article
19 - Identifying Dimensions and Components of Professional Development of Elementary School Principals: A Phenomenological Approach
Esmat Elzami Abbas Abbas Pour Ali Khorsandi Taskooh Javad Pour Karimi Hamid RahimianThe present study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that has been conducted to identify the dimensions and components of professional development of elementary school principals. The statistical population of the study was the principals of publ MoreThe present study is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach that has been conducted to identify the dimensions and components of professional development of elementary school principals. The statistical population of the study was the principals of public elementary schools in Tehran in the year of 2019. In two stages of sampling, samples were selected by quota and then purposive sampling methods. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The interview continued until the process of exploration and data collection reached a theoretical saturation point after interviewing 14 people. The data were analyzed using content analysis method and open axial and selective coding steps. Two methods of verifying the interviewees and verifying an external expert were used to control the validity. To determine the reliability, two methods of reviewing the writings and also the method of recoding were used. The agreement in the coding homogeneity was calculated and the agreement coefficient was 86%. Findings showed that professional development for elementary school principals has 4 dimensions of knowledge, skills, attitude and ability and 9 components includes general management knowledge, specialized management knowledge, interactive skills, resource management skills, professional skills, personal desires, managerial attitude, physical and mental ability, and intellectual ability ,21 sub-components and 87 indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Validation of the model of border management components from the perspective of school principals
tayebeh rashidi elham kaveani faramarz malekian soosan laeiThe purpose of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire on the components of border management of school principals in Kermanshah province. The data collection method was a combination of consecutive exploratory design. Qualitative data were collected throu MoreThe purpose of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire on the components of border management of school principals in Kermanshah province. The data collection method was a combination of consecutive exploratory design. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with ten experts and specialists who were aware of border management and its angles were selected by theoretical purposive sampling method. Qualitative data analysis was performed using coding method. In the quantitative part, the validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was evaluated by eleven experts and the reliability of Cronbach's alpha was calculated to be 0.88. Content validity of CVR questionnaire / 873. Validity assessment was obtained using KMO factor analysis equal to / 964. It was obtained that it is at a high level and shows the correlation of items. The results showed that the validity and reliability of the researcher-made tool were confirmed; Therefore, the questionnaire obtained from this study can be used as a valid questionnaire for border management of school principals and it seems that the use of education and other organizations in the management of the border management questionnaire can play a role. Have a lot in improving management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Analysis of the contribution of school principals in the performance of the educational system from the perspective of students' academic progress
Zahra Sanati Fariba AdliPurpose: The principal of the school, as the representative of education, is responsible for the good implementation of educational, educational and administrative activities of the school and plays an important role in the school's success. Considering this issue, this MorePurpose: The principal of the school, as the representative of education, is responsible for the good implementation of educational, educational and administrative activities of the school and plays an important role in the school's success. Considering this issue, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating and analyzing the contribution of school principals on the performance of the educational system from the perspective of the academic progress of the students of second secondary girls public schools in Tehran. Method: In order to understand the lived experience of school principals, this research was conducted with a qualitative approach and phenomenological method. Data were collected by triangulation method and semi-structured interview, observation and document analysis. Findings: The findings of the research were categorized into 3 themes: "Definition of school principal", "Administrative and educational activities", "The necessity of management levels". And the effect of the manager's performance on the success of the educational system (students' academic progress) was analyzed and investigated. Finally, "mechanisms for improving and developing the performance of school principals" were suggested. Conclusion: The findings of the research show that the principals of our schools are not agents and decision makers, and they pay with the daily activities of the school. Therefore, it is suggested that "education and training of school principals", "redefinition of duties of principals", "revision of education programs" and "disambiguation of the role of school principals" should be given attention and "choice of school principals based on meritocracy" should be done. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Recognition of Challenges for Implementing Tadbir Plan in Elementary Schools: A Grounded Theory Approach
maryam mashakalayeh Esmaeil Kazempour Ghafar TariPurpose: This research seeks to recognize Challenges of Tadbir Plan currently executed in elementary schools. Method: This is a qualitative research using grounded theory approach. The population of the study comprises experts in educational management, curriculum plan MorePurpose: This research seeks to recognize Challenges of Tadbir Plan currently executed in elementary schools. Method: This is a qualitative research using grounded theory approach. The population of the study comprises experts in educational management, curriculum planning, and specialists of elementary schools in Iran who are familiar with Tadbir Plan. The participants were selected through purposive criterion-based sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Open, axial, and selective coding were used for data analysis. The validity and reliability were measured using Lincoln and Guba criteria. Findings: The results suggested 25 central concepts and eight selected items, which were organized in a paradigmatic model including poor plan orientation and self-assessment in schools as central items and the causal conditions (lack of cooperation and participation of agents of the plan, poor management in schools, directive-orientation and quantity-orientation education), contextual factors (lack of supportive atmosphere, poor teamwork culture, poor technological structures, centralized educational structure), facilitative intervention conditions (personal characteristics, organizational characteristics, and legal requirements), restrictive intervention conditions (intra-organizational and inter-organizational obstacles), and strategies (improving the organizational culture and school atmosphere, changing attitudes of policymakers regarding personal development of principals, teachers, and decentralization). Conclusion: Paying attention to the Tadbir plan and its basis provides the professional growth of managers. In the implementation of plans such as Tadbir, attention should be paid to the local approaches of schools. Collaborative approaches should be used in the implementation of the Tadbir plan in schools; Selection of specialized and trained managers for schools should be considered and required; more attention should be paid to the approaches of succession and mentoring in the training of school administrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The relationship between the elements and components of caring leadership of school principals in Mazandaran province
Mohammad Hossein Moradi Gardeshi Reza Yousefi Saeedabadi Maryam Taghvai YazdiPurpose: The purpose of this research was the relationship between the dimensions and sub-components of caring leadership of school principals in Mazandaran province. Method: The descriptive research method was correlational (quantitative). The statistical population i MorePurpose: The purpose of this research was the relationship between the dimensions and sub-components of caring leadership of school principals in Mazandaran province. Method: The descriptive research method was correlational (quantitative). The statistical population includes directors and deputy directors of education departments and directors of high schools in Mazandaran province in the academic year 1400-1401, which has an official decree, and their number was 1412. The sample size was determined by the cluster and stratified method based on position, using Morgan's Kargesi table, with the number of 306 people, the data collection method was the library method, and the measurement tool included a researcher-made questionnaire, which its questions were taken from the data obtained from the interview. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by both formal and content methods. Also, the reliability coefficient using Cronbach's alpha test for all dimensions and components of the questionnaire was standard. The structural equation modeling method of SPSS and LISREL software was used for data analysis. Findings: The findings showed that there is a positive and significant effect between the dimensions and components of caring leadership of school principals in Mazandaran province. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be said that the school administrators who are responsible for the management of the schools that provide education should be able to achieve the best in an effective and efficient manner without wasting financial resources, humane, etc. to respond to this demand of education applicants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - A Reflection upon the Concept of Political Development in the Principlist Discourse of Mahmūd Ahmadī Nizhād
Reza Mohammadain Hossein Tafazoli Seyed Ismail Hosseini GoliMahmūdAhmadī Nizhād is the head of the 9th and 10th government in the Islamic Republic of Iran who launched his work with an approach to revive the principles and ideals of the Islamic Revolution. The purpose of the present study is to represent a distinct analysis of t MoreMahmūdAhmadī Nizhād is the head of the 9th and 10th government in the Islamic Republic of Iran who launched his work with an approach to revive the principles and ideals of the Islamic Revolution. The purpose of the present study is to represent a distinct analysis of the concept of political development in the discourse of MahmūdAhmadī Nizhād that in contrast with the western conception of political development, is accompanied with some requirements such as establishing Islamic civilization by the Islamic Republic Government and improving Islamic culture and civilization in the international level. Using descriptive analysis, this study deals with the main research question that: what does the concept of political development mean in in the priciplist idea of MahmūdAhmadī Nizhād? This research delves deep into the principlist discourse of the parties and democratic organizations as well as the role of people in achieving the goals of the revolution and then represents a new interpretation of the concept of political development. This interpretation recognizes the establishment of Islamic civilization and justice by the Islamic Republic of Iran throughout the world as the center of this concept in the intellectual discourse of MahmūdAhmadī Nizhād. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Diagnosis of Bearing Defects based on the Analysis of Vibration Images Using the RKEM SIFT Descriptor Method
Zohreh Hashempour Hamed Agahi Azar MahmoodzadehDiagnosing bearing defects is one of the basic tasks in machine health monitoring, because bearings are critical components of rotating machines. This paper proposes a new method for detecting defects in bearings based on a combination of feature extraction algorithms i MoreDiagnosing bearing defects is one of the basic tasks in machine health monitoring, because bearings are critical components of rotating machines. This paper proposes a new method for detecting defects in bearings based on a combination of feature extraction algorithms in which a two-dimensional signal is used. Different from other classical one-dimensional signal processing methods, the proposed method of this paper converts one-dimensional vibration signals into two-dimensional signal (image), then image processing methods are used to analyze the image signal in order to classify the defects that have occurred. arrive at the bearing. Converted images from vibration signals often have specific texture characteristics, and the texture of each defective category is different. In addition, each descriptor extracts spatial features. Some features are weak and others are strong. In this article, the method of removing additional key points of SIFT (RKEM SIFT) is used. In addition, for each descriptor, the best features are selected using the non-linear principal component analysis method. Finally, the selected features are combined and four classification methods are applied to achieve the best classification performance and after comparison, the best classification method is selected. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on the standard bearing data set of Case Western Reserve University. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs better than other methods of fault finding of rolling bearings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Content-based Image Retrieval Using Combining PCA and LDA Methods
fatemeh Memar Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini Alireza JalaliNowadays, digital images are widely used in the diagnosis of disease, facial and fingerprint, security systems, and more. Therefore, providing an accurate algorithm in image recognition and retrieval is very important. This paper presents a combination of PCA and LDA me MoreNowadays, digital images are widely used in the diagnosis of disease, facial and fingerprint, security systems, and more. Therefore, providing an accurate algorithm in image recognition and retrieval is very important. This paper presents a combination of PCA and LDA methods for image retrieval. In this method, first, the color images in the RGB space are transferred to the HSV space, then the color, shape, and texture properties are extracted from the "V" component of the HSV color space. The proposed feature vector is then constructed using the LDP histogram, color histogram, Tamura histogram, and common event matrix. Then, by combining the two methods of PCA and LDA, the specificity is reduced and finally, the classification is done. Four scenarios were designed and evaluated to evaluate the proposed method. According to experimental result and evaluation criteria, The accuracy obtained was 97.6 which indicates the proper performance of the proposed method compared to similar tasks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Offering a model for persian texts classify by combination of classification methods
iman jamali Seyed Javad Mirabedini علی HarounabadiTo classify text information extraction techniques, natural language processing and machine learning has been widely used general purpose of categories of documents, classified documents in the form of a certain number of categories are pre-determined. Each document can MoreTo classify text information extraction techniques, natural language processing and machine learning has been widely used general purpose of categories of documents, classified documents in the form of a certain number of categories are pre-determined. Each document can be in one, several or no category is placed. In the case of any document to this question will be placed the document on which of the categories. This can be in the form of an automatic learning to use it any document can be automatically assigned to a category. In this thesis, data collection and cleanup after you select text using the normal method of word frequency -inverse document frequency (norm TF-IDF) is the weight features and features in two stages using document frequency (DF) and Chi square (SChi) are selected, and then using principal component analysis (PCA) features reduced dimensions, and at a later stage by combining 21 support vector machine (SVM) the proposed model we have implemented, and the accuracy of the model to assess the 10-step method validation. Experimental results show that this model can text classification accuracy of 91.86 for the seven categories do, which has a higher accuracy than the earlier work done. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Attitude Tracking Control of Autonomous Helicopter using Polytopic-LPV Modeling and PCA-Parameter Set Mapping
Reza Tarighi Amir Hooshang Mazinan Mohammad Hosein Kazemi -
Open Access Article
29 - Assessment of variability of essential oil components in different accessions of Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) by multivariate analysis
Borzou Yousefi Khosrow Shahbazi Hassan Khamisabady Mohamad Gheitury -
Open Access Article
30 - The effect of work alienation on incidents organizational anti-citizenship behaviors through the mediating role of job burnout (Case study: principals of Zahedan high schools)
Saeed Allah Barahuyi naser nastiezaieOne predicament in present organizations is the existence of anti-citizenship behaviors such as laziness, aggression, bullying, stubbornness, intimidation, revengefulness. These behaviors affect both on organizations' performance and interpersonal relationships and empl MoreOne predicament in present organizations is the existence of anti-citizenship behaviors such as laziness, aggression, bullying, stubbornness, intimidation, revengefulness. These behaviors affect both on organizations' performance and interpersonal relationships and employees cooperation spirit. The main goal of this research was to identify the effectof workalienation on incidentsanti-citizenship behaviors through the mediatingrole of job burnout. This study was an applied research method based on structural equation modeling. The population of the research was all the managers and assistances of the first and second high schools of Zahedan in the academic year of 2018-19. 252 principals and assistants of Zahedan high schools were studied by stratified random sampling method. To collect information, three questionnaires were used: Anti-Citizenship Behaviors (Rahmani, 2013), Job Burnout (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) and Work Alienation(adopted from Sadaghati Fard and Abdollahzadeh, 2009). For data analysis the correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used by SPSS16 and Lisrel. Based on the results work alienation, either directly or indirectly through mediation ofjob burnout, had a positive effect on the appearing anti-citizenship behaviors. Therefore, measures such as establishing a system of suggestions, delegation of authority, diversity job and contributing employees to decision-making, while reducing work alienation, could reduce job burnout and anti- citizenship behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Psychometric Qualities of Principals' Emotions Inventory: Reliability and Validity in an Iranian Elementary and High school Principal
Mohammad Koohi Hossein Kadkhoda haadi keramati parvin kadivar Ferydoon Bayan Jam JahEmotions are central to all aspects of human experience and are an integral part of principals' jobs and lives. Due to the nature of their job, elementary and high school principals need to be aware of their own and others' emotions and manage their emotions. MoreEmotions are central to all aspects of human experience and are an integral part of principals' jobs and lives. Due to the nature of their job, elementary and high school principals need to be aware of their own and others' emotions and manage their emotions. These observations suggest that the emotional aspect of leadership warrants further investigation. The present study aimed to validate the Principals' Emotions Inventory (Chen, 2020). The statistical population of the study was all elementary and high school principals in Mashhad who were engaged in management in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample size determined 450 people based on Cochran's formula. Participants were selected by the available sampling method. Principals' Emotions Inventory, after translation and validation, was distributed and completed electronically and in pencil and paper format among the research sample. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the validity of the structure and the alpha coefficient was used for reliability. The results confirmed the fit of the model and the structure of the internal relations of the items. The alpha coefficient for the Principals' Emotion Inventory was equal to 0.85 and for the factors of enjoyment (0.88), pride (0.96), frustration (0.86), anxiety (0.85), and hopelessness (0.89). The results showed that the principals' emotions inventory has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid instrument in the study of principal emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Relation between Transformational Leadership Method of Administrator with Organizational Health Schools
پریسا مظلومی بدری شاه طالبیThe Purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Principals' transformational leadership style with organizational health of girls' elementary schools in Isfahan. The research design was a descriptive- correlative survey and the instruments were MoreThe Purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between Principals' transformational leadership style with organizational health of girls' elementary schools in Isfahan. The research design was a descriptive- correlative survey and the instruments were two questionnaires. The first one was the transformational leadership standard questionnaire by Bass with 25 items and the reli ability coefficient of 0.97 and the second one was the organizational health standard questionnaire by Hoy et., al with 44 items and the reliability coefficient of 0.89. the validity of the questionnaires was substantiated by the specialists of management and psychology. The statistical population of this survey consisted of 7606 women teachers of Isfahan elementary schools in the academic year of 87-88 from which 195 teachers were selected by the random clustered sampling. The obtained data was analyzes both through descriptive statistics (distribution, average percentage and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, analysis of variance and schefe test). The data revealed that there was a meaningful relationship between principals' transformational leadership style and all of the factors of organizational health (potential unity, principals' authority, conservativeness, constructiveness, resource support, mentality and scientific emphasis. The data also showed that there was not a meaningful relationship between principals' transformational leadership style with their years of service and education. However a difference was seen regarding their district. In addition there was not a meaningful difference in the level of organizational health among teachers' viewpoints regarding their years of service and education while a difference was also observed in this factor concerning their district. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Guidance and High School Principals andThe Relation between Power Resources ofType of Organizational Culture
نفیسه سهرابی بدری شاه طالبی غلامرضا احمدیThe purpose of this study was to find of the relationship between power resources of guidance and high school principals and type of organizational culture. The factors for studying power included (legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and charismatic leadership) and th MoreThe purpose of this study was to find of the relationship between power resources of guidance and high school principals and type of organizational culture. The factors for studying power included (legitimate, reward, coercive, expert, and charismatic leadership) and the type of organizational culture were (consistency, co- operation, flexibility and mission). For analyzing the data descriptive–correlation were employed. Statistical population of the study consisted of all teachers in khomainishahr in the school year of 2008-2009, which 120 teachers through randomly – classified sampling were chosen. The instrument for collecting the data consisted o of two questionnaires (power resources and organizational culture). The reliability of the questionnaires were 0/87 and 0/96 respectively. Analyzing the data was done by both descriptive and inferential statistics. (Correlation coefficient, independent, t-test and analysis of variance). The findings indicated that there was a relationship between legitimate power with consistency and co-operation organizational culture. however there was not any relationship between legitimate power with flexibility and mission. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Relationship Between Principals' Emotional Intelligence and their Ability to take Teachers on Trust in Primary School
فاطمه مطلبی احمدعلی فروغی بدری شاهطالبیThe aim of the present study was to investagate the relation between principals' emotional intelligence and their ability to take teachers on trust in primary school. The research method used in this project was descriptive. The statistical population for this study com MoreThe aim of the present study was to investagate the relation between principals' emotional intelligence and their ability to take teachers on trust in primary school. The research method used in this project was descriptive. The statistical population for this study comprise 1098 principals and 10880 teachers of girls and boys school from 5 parts of isfahan city in 2008-2009 educational year. Through randomly Selected using the proportional stratified sampling, 110 principals and 233 teachers were selected as the statistical sample. The data collection instrument comprised Bar-on emotional intelligence questionnaire with 90 questions and trust searcher- developed questionnaire with 30 questions . The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire using cronbach alpha was 0/92 for emotional intelligence and 0/98 for trust. In this study the data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, percentile and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple- regression analysis, pearsons product moment correlation coefficient, one way analysis of variance and and manova test) The results indicated thet there was a positive relation between trust and 15 components of Bar-ons emotional intelligence. Also by knowing the population, there is any significant difference on P≤0/05 level between the principals emotional intelligence about their educational perception . But there was significant differences in P≤0/05 level between the principals' emotional intelligence according to the generic state among the average of felxibility components grades. So the flexibility collected among female principals was more than was the principals, furthermore, the principal in P≤0/05 emotional intelligence according to years of service except about the responsibility components isnot significant, thus, prinsipals with 20-25 years of service are more responsible than principal with 10-15 years of service. Also was nol significant difference in P≤0/05 level between the teachers opinions about trust components according to the generic state, educational perceptive and years of service . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Relation Between Bass Styles Leadership with Principalâs Work Conscious in Boy High Schools in Isfahan City
نرگس سعیدیان مصیب مرادیThe purpose of this research was to determine the relation between Bass’ leadership styles with Principals’ work conscious and commitment in Boy high schools in Isfahan city. The Population of the study were principals (N=150) chosen by random sampling. the Descriptive MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the relation between Bass’ leadership styles with Principals’ work conscious and commitment in Boy high schools in Isfahan city. The Population of the study were principals (N=150) chosen by random sampling. the Descriptive method was correlational. Some information was obtained by questionnaire 1) The questionnaire of Bass Leadership Styles included Transformational style 20 questions 2) Transactional style 8 questions and 3) non-intervention style 8 questions. The work commitment questionnaire contained 15 questions and work conscious questionnaire 35 questions. To analyze the finding of descriptive statistics (Pierson correlation coefficient and multiple regression) were used. The results show that there is a meaningful relation between transformational leadership style and principal’s work conscious (P 0/05, r=0/204). There is a relation between transformational leadership style with principals' work commitment (P0/05, r=0/267). There is no relation between transactional leadership style with the principal’s work conscious (P0/05, r=0/094). There is a relation between transactional leadership style with the principal’s work commitment (P0/05, r=0/249). There is a relation between non-intervention leadership style with principal’s work conscious (P0/05, r=0/447). There are not any meaningful relations between non-intervention leadership style and the principals' work commitment (P < 0/05, r=-0/029). Among the three Kinds of leadership, the best leadership style is transformational. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Comparison of Three Awthority Sources at School (Manager, Vice Principal, Teacher) on Obedience Behavior of Students
Hasan Ahadi Farhad Maher Uosof Karimi Hossein FarshForoshAbstract It is about half a century that has been passing study of obedience and in greater scale of social influence. Why people accept mutual influence from one of the tittle of social influence is obedience of power sources which is remarkably important in educat MoreAbstract It is about half a century that has been passing study of obedience and in greater scale of social influence. Why people accept mutual influence from one of the tittle of social influence is obedience of power sources which is remarkably important in education areas, Family and other social organization. Afield experiment performed on 660 students as sample in student community from twenty areas in Tehran. In Eduction department, in order to compare among three power sources including (Manager, vice principal, teacher) at school. At first each of power sources asked subjects to do a fix action which wasn’t amoral and to be against with rule standard. Subjects behavior have been observed and recorded by experinenter, Subjects answered to final questions after receiving demand on every action. After data extraction and using inferential and descriptive statistics method (applying of significance test different between two independence ratio). The following results have been finding. 1) There are sisnificance differences between school power resources and pure students obedience behavior in education different steps. 2) Power sources have not any effect on different sexes in pure obedience behavior. They observed more disobey behavior in male students, but this rate is not sisnificance. 3) Writing instructions are arousing behavior of individual obedience in significe rate. Dosobey rate of oral instructions are sisnificanty more than writing instructions. 4) There are not any sisnificant effects on different sexes on writing or oral request. 5) Pure obedience behavior wills sisnificanty decrease with advance age. This difference at elemantry stage students with suidance and high school students is much more than guidance with highschool students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Relation Between Transformational Leadership and Emotional Intelligence of girlsâ high School Principals in Isfahan
مرضیه ترکان غلامرضا احمدیThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence of girls’ high school principal in Isfahan. In this study the method was descriptive survey. The statistical population for this study comprise 350 p MoreThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence of girls’ high school principal in Isfahan. In this study the method was descriptive survey. The statistical population for this study comprise 350 principals and 1305 female teachers from 6 Isfahan educational districts in the academic year of 2007-2008. Through multi-stage randomized sampling, 86 principals and 210 female teachers were selected as statistical sample. The data collection instrument comprised Bass’s transformational leadership standard questionnaire with 25 questions and Bar-on’s emotional intelligence standard questionnaire with 90 questions. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire using Cronbach Alpha was 0/96 for transformational leadership and 0/91 for emotional intelligence. In this study the data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics (frequency ,mean ,percentile and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multiple-regression analysis, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient ,one way analysis of variance and Scheffe test). The results indicated that there was a positive relation between transformational leadership and 15 components of Bar-on’s emotional intelligence (emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, self-regard, self-actualization, independence, social responsibility, interpersonal relationship, reality testing, flexibility, problem solving, stress tolerance, impulse control, optimism, happiness), except empathy. Regarding demographic features there was not significant difference between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence in terms of principal degree in P≤0.05. In terms of working experience, the principal with 11 years of experience and more were more effective in self-actualization and flexibility skills as well as problem solving ability than those with less than 11 years of experience. Further the principal with less than 11 years of experience were more assertiveness than those with more than 11 years of experience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - A study of factors Affecting principals empowerment in Eizeh schools
سعید رجایی پور احمد شعبانی محمد نیاز پور ذیلاییPrincipals empowerment is a way of improving educational organizations and integrating individual and organizational goals .this study aimed at discussing and clarifying the subject, while emphasizing factors such as enhancing positive attitude towards work, self contro MorePrincipals empowerment is a way of improving educational organizations and integrating individual and organizational goals .this study aimed at discussing and clarifying the subject, while emphasizing factors such as enhancing positive attitude towards work, self control, reinforcing self-esteem, job commitment, motivation and freedom of action. A descriptive and survey research method was utilized. The statistical sample included all 150 school principals in Eizeh during 1386-87 (s.c.) academic year from which 105 principals answered the questionnaire. The data gathering instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire including 50 items based on Likert scale, and its Cronbach,s alpha coefficient was estimated o.88. Both descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and variance) and inferential statistics (one- variable t test, Hotellingt. Variance analysis and Tuky test) were utilized to analyse, the research data. The findings indicated that all of the considered factors contribute to principals empowerment. The reinforcement of positive attitudes towards workplace and freedom of action have the highest and lowest impact respectively. Considering demographic variables, the results indicated no significant difference between the view points of elementary and secondary school principals. There was, however, significant differences among principals opinions with regard to sex and level of education Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Modeling desert locust habitat using biophysical indices derived from LandSat 8 images
Sirous Hashemi Dareh Badami Bahram Jomezade Ali Darvishi Bolourani Abdol-Hossein KhakianUsing satellite images is a simple and inexpensive way to identify the habitats and monitor the migratory pests such as locusts. Using remote sensing technology for locust control policies has shifted from treatment methods to preventive ones. Considering the effective MoreUsing satellite images is a simple and inexpensive way to identify the habitats and monitor the migratory pests such as locusts. Using remote sensing technology for locust control policies has shifted from treatment methods to preventive ones. Considering the effective management of insect pest infestations based on thorough knowledge of biology and ecology, this study aimed to evaluate the use of biophysical indices derived from satellite images in order to identify and monitor the locust habitats. For this purpose, we used biophysical indicators (vegetation indices, vegetation, water content indices, drought index and land surface temperature) derived from Landsat 8 (OLI/TIRS) images coinciding with in-situ data monitoring. Then, the information of indices was summarized in one image using principal component analysis. Finally, the primary locust habitat zoning map with high risk, medium risk and low risk was developed using in-situ data obtained from the monitoring and thresholding methods. The spatial accuracy of results was evaluated by locust observed data as reference data; on the other hand, the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient for high-risk habitat were given as 62% and 74%, respectively. For moderate-risk habitat, they were also obtained as 87% and 71%, respectively. For all of three habitats, they were estimated as 94% and 88%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Contamination of arable topsoil by organic and inorganic pollutants around petroleum products handling facilities
Gregory Sikakwe Bennet Ilaumo -
Open Access Article
41 - Principal Component Analysis for Soil Conservation Tillage vs Conventional Tillage in Semi Arid Region of Punjab Province of Pakistan
Ijaz Rasool Noorka Shabir A Shahid Saeed RoufPrincipal component analysis is a valid method used for data compression and information extraction in a given set of experiments. It is a well-known classical data analysis technique. There are a number of algorithms for solving the problems, some scaling better than o MorePrincipal component analysis is a valid method used for data compression and information extraction in a given set of experiments. It is a well-known classical data analysis technique. There are a number of algorithms for solving the problems, some scaling better than others. Wheat ranks as the staple food of most of the nations as well as an agent of poverty reduction, food security and world peace. Due to limited sowing time and conventional cropping pattern the wheat yield suffers. Efficient tillage methods maintain soil health and crops response. The present investigations were carried out to study the effects of different tillage systems on yield and yield contributing traits, using Randomized Complete Block Design. Two tillage systems i.e. conservation tillage and conventional tillage were used. Three principal components were sufficient to explain the variations. The traits plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, peduncle length, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike and grain yield were affected significantly under conservation tillage as well as conventional tillage systems. The graphic representation showed that yield contributing traits behaved best in conservation tillage practice. The present study revealed that conservation tillage method produced optimum yield for wheat production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Infoneuroanalysis Relationship Between the Fields of Study of 1st Grade Secondary Schools Principals with their Leadership Style
Fatemeh Mohammadi Fatemeh Zare Zare -
Open Access Article
43 - آنالیز منطقه ای جریانهای کمینه در حوزههای آبخیز کرخه و کارون
هدایت الله زرین فرود شریفی مهدی وفاخواهدر طراحی و اجرای پروژههای آبی کوچک در کشور، عمدتا به برآورد سیل توجه شده است و به مساله خشک سالی در برنامه ریزی منابع آب، کمتر اهمیت داده شده است. در این تحقیق به منظور برآورد جریان کمینه، از آمار موجود 28 ایستگاه هیدرومتری در حوزههای کرخه و کارون که دارای شرایط مناسب Moreدر طراحی و اجرای پروژههای آبی کوچک در کشور، عمدتا به برآورد سیل توجه شده است و به مساله خشک سالی در برنامه ریزی منابع آب، کمتر اهمیت داده شده است. در این تحقیق به منظور برآورد جریان کمینه، از آمار موجود 28 ایستگاه هیدرومتری در حوزههای کرخه و کارون که دارای شرایط مناسب از نظر طول دوره آماری بودند، استفاده شد. سپس منحنی تداوم جریان برای هر کدام از ایستگاهها ترسیم گردید ومقادیر دبی جریانهای کمینه مورد نیاز آنها استخراج گردید. به منظور تعیین مهمترین عوامل مؤثر بر جریان کمینه، 21 پارامتر مؤثر بر جریان کمینه مانند پارامترهای فیزیوگرافی، اقلیمی و زمین شناسی به وسیله سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی برآورد گردید. با استفاده از روش تجزیه و تحلیل عاملی، عواملی که کمترین هم بستگی را با هم نشان دادند، انتخاب شدند. این عوامل به ترتیب اهمیت، شامل شیب متوسط حوزه، مساحت، ارتفاع متوسط حوزه، ضریب گراولیوس و شیب آبراهه اصلی بوند، که 1/80 درصد از تغییرات در دادههای اصلی را توضیح می دهند. در ادامه، تحلیل منطقه ای به روش رگرسیون چند گانه برای به دست آوردن روابطی بین جریان کمینه و ویژگیهای حوزه آبخیز صورت گرفت. در نهایت به منظور مقایسه و ارزیابی صحت مدلهای برآوردی، اطلاعات 9 ایستگاه شاهد مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و مقادیر دبی جریان کمینه بر اساس مدلهای به دست آمده و با مقادیر متکی بر ایستگاههای شاهد، مقایسه گردید و در نهایت، نتایج نشان دادند که مدلهای به دست آمده در این منطقه، در سطح معنی داری 99 درصد، قابل قبول می باشند. در نهایت بررسی جریانهای کمینه و تهیه مدلهای منطقه ای جریانهای کمینه، در مقیاس سراسری، برای برنامه ریزی مدیریت آبی کشور و استفاده از سایر خصوصیات مؤثر بر روی جریانهای کمینه، مانند درصد پوشش گیاهی یا شاخصهای مربوط به خاک شناسی و کاربری اراضی و در نهایت بررسی اثرات تغییر اقلیم بر جریانهای کمینه، پیشنهاد می گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The mediating role of organizational resilience in the relationship between the principals' behavioral style and the positive performance of the teaching staff of the junior high school
tina Baba ahmadi mehdi pour Abbas Gholtash majed ghobadiIntroduction: The success of organizations and managers is always dependent on a number of key factors and identifying and strengthening such factors will lead to the success of organizations more than ever. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between MoreIntroduction: The success of organizations and managers is always dependent on a number of key factors and identifying and strengthening such factors will lead to the success of organizations more than ever. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between high school principals' behavioral style and the positive performance of teaching staff with regard to the mediating role of organizational resilience. research methodology: The present research is practical in terms of its purpose, and based on the method, it is a descriptive research of the correlation type. The statistical population was the teaching staff of the junior high schools of District 3 of Ahvaz city, whose number is 254 people. The sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula as of 153 people. The sampling method was convenience random sampling. The research instruments were Mohammadi and Sharafi Behavioral Styles Questionnaire (2014), Luthans et al. (2007) Positive Performance Questionnaire and Connor & Davidson (2003) Resilience Questionnaire. Due to the standardization of research tools and confirmation of validy and reliability in previous researches, in this research, content validity has been approved by supervisors and advisors and using Cronbach's alpha reliability was obtained as 0.839, 0.729 and 0.874, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data, and path analysis test (structural equations) was used to investigate the mediator role (Sobel test). Findings: The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between principals' behavioral styles and positive performance of teaching staff and organizational resilience also has a mediating role in this regard. Conclusion: It seems that in order to improve the performance of teaching staff, it is necessary for principals to use different behavioral styles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Calculation of Financial Stress Index and its Effect on the Return of Investment Funds in Islamic Capital Market: Application of the dynamic least squares co-accumulation method
farjad bakhshor Mohammad Sokhanvar tahereh akhoondzadeh Shahab jahangiriObjective/main question: In this study, the effects of financial stress events on the returns of investment funds in the shares of the Islamic capital market of Iran during the period of 1390-1400 were investigated using monthly data and the econometric model.Research m MoreObjective/main question: In this study, the effects of financial stress events on the returns of investment funds in the shares of the Islamic capital market of Iran during the period of 1390-1400 were investigated using monthly data and the econometric model.Research method: For this purpose, after calculating the financial stress in the studied financial markets (currency, capital and money market), these indicators were combined using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Method and the Total Financial Stress Index ( FSI) was Calculated for Iran's Economy. Subsequently, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) Method was used to investigate the effect of financial stress on mutual investment fund returns in the Islamic capital market.Discussion and conclusion: The research results show that in the estimated model, with an increase of one unit in the financial stress index, the yield of investment funds decreases by 0.02 units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The Study effect of individual and organizational factors on high school principal’s creativity in Ardebil Religion, 89-88 school year
S. Pourtahmasbi A. Tajvar M. M. SeyedkalanAbstract the present study reviews the effect of individual factors on the creativity and enterprise managers in Ardebil city schools. Methodology: in order to answer questions were used from the Pearson correlation and regression. And the population consisted of all pu MoreAbstract the present study reviews the effect of individual factors on the creativity and enterprise managers in Ardebil city schools. Methodology: in order to answer questions were used from the Pearson correlation and regression. And the population consisted of all public high school administrators in the school year of 1388-89 Ardabil. 130 secondary school principals consisted our sample that was selected according to the formula of Cochran and quota sampling. In this research, Rendsyp questionnaires and questionnaires of individual and organizational factors affecting creativity were used containing 11 questions for each one.Results from data analysis indicated that individual and organizational factors exert effect on the individual creativity. among all, the individual factors, personality characteristics, cognitive styles and thinking styles and from organizational factors, knowledge, leadership style, organizational structure, reward system, organization, organization climate and resources are in strong relationship creativity. Data analyzes from multiple regression shows individual and organizational factors are in 99 percent of the occasions of a meaningful predictor of high school principals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The Relationship between Thinking Styles and Creativity of High School Principals
Ezatollah Ghadampour Niloofar Kogani Hasan JafariBackground: Managers have a crucial role on qualitative and quantitative improvement of their outputs, that is, the students. Every organization’s creativity is dependent on the creativity of its managers. Different factors influence managers’ creativity. Ac MoreBackground: Managers have a crucial role on qualitative and quantitative improvement of their outputs, that is, the students. Every organization’s creativity is dependent on the creativity of its managers. Different factors influence managers’ creativity. According to Sternberg, intelligence, personality and thinking styles effect creativity. Purpose: This research attempted to investigate the relationship between high school principals’ thinking styles and creativity in the city of Khorramabad. Method: The research design is of the correlation characteristic of descriptive researches. The research population included all 145 high school principals in Khorramabad (67 females and 78 males). To determine the sample size the Cochran formula was used. Therefore, 107 principals (48 females and 59 males) were selected as the sample using a relative cluster sampling. To collect data, Sternberg-Wagner’s thinking styles questionnaire and Ran sip’s creativity questionnaire were administered. The content validity was used to determine the validity of the measures and Cranach alpha was used to measure the validity of the questionnaires. The Cranach alpha values for the thinking style questionnaire and creativity questionnaire were 0.90 and 0.92, respectively. Result(s): Results showed that legislative and judicial thinking styles were positively correlated to the principal’s creativity, while the relative between the executive thinking style and principals’ creativity was not significantly meaningful. Of the thinking styles, the judicial style is a suitable predictor of the principals’ creativity. Conclusion: According to the findings, can be concluded that the thinking style, fundamentally role in innovation and depending on the situation, one of these styles, the best results will be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The application of multivariate statistical methods and environmental indicators in the evaluation of distribution heavy metals in riverin sediments of Dohezar River, North of Iran
Mohamad Reza Ansari sahar Sartipi Yarahmadi Hanane alsadat NasrRiverin sediments of the Dohezar River in Tonekabon contain high levels of heavy metals and therefore, they were chemically analyzed to determine concentrations of these elements. In fact, this research intended to evaluate the ecological risks of the heavy metals As, P MoreRiverin sediments of the Dohezar River in Tonekabon contain high levels of heavy metals and therefore, they were chemically analyzed to determine concentrations of these elements. In fact, this research intended to evaluate the ecological risks of the heavy metals As, Pb, Cr, Zn, and Cu in the river sediments. Contamination indices such as enrichment factor and contamination factor, were evaluated. Considering the average concentrations of the heavy metals at all of the Stations, the maximum average for the elements was zinc and the minimum was copper. Therefore, the averages of changes in the concentrations of the elements are Zn > Cr > Pb > As > Cu. Considering calculation of the enrichment factors for the heavy metals according to the EF classification table, the maximum number of Stations (43.02%) with respect to contamination with As were in class 4(moderately severe enrichment). With respect to enrichment of Pb, Zn, Cr, and copper, the rest of the stations with 83.72, 77.91, 86.05, and 69.77%, respectively, were in class 2 (minor enrichment). Considering the high concentrations of the studied elements in the sediments of the region compared to the background value, and based on calculations related to contamination factor, arsenic with the average of 11.9 exceeded the most from the standard limit. It was followed by Pb with 2.2, zinc with 2, Cr with 1.8, and Cu with1.6 (copper exceeding the least from the standard limit). This research used statistical studies on correlation coefficients and cluster analysis to find the origin of the heavy metals in the sediments of the region. The low correlation between the heavy metals in the soil can indicate they probably did not have the same source. Moreover, these elements have different geochemical behaviors due to their low correlation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Explaining the Role of Green Human Resource Management on the Sustainable Performance of Governmental Organizations
Shahram Eshghi, Norouz Eyzadpanah Mousa Rezani ChamanzaminAbstract Environmental sustainability in organizations depends on the extent of the performance of the employees of that organization and creating such a function in employees is highly dependent on creating an environmentally friendly attitude in managers. Therefore, a MoreAbstract Environmental sustainability in organizations depends on the extent of the performance of the employees of that organization and creating such a function in employees is highly dependent on creating an environmentally friendly attitude in managers. Therefore, a comprehensive study of green resource management and providing a management model appropriate to government organizations' policy transition is needed. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the most effective component of green human resource management on organizational sustainability performance. To determine the most effective components of green human resource management, more than 388 electronic questionnaires were distributed. In addition to a descriptive study of components and component options, a multivariate statistical analysis of principal components analysis was used to identify the most effective options. The results of the study showed that green human resource management has a positive effect on individual, organizational and extra-organizational consequences, and the challenges and limitations of applying the proposed model were also examined. The proposed method can be effective in achieving sustainable human resource development for managers and operational staff.Key words: Organizational Sustainability, Green Management, Green Human Resource Management and Principal Component Analysis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Face Recognition using Eigenfaces , PCA and Supprot Vector Machines
Parvaneh Shayghan Gharamaleki Hadi Seyedarabi -
Open Access Article
51 - Facial expression recognition based on Local Binary Patterns
Saeede Jabbarzadeh Reyhani Saeed Meshgini -
Open Access Article
52 - Identifying the dimensions of professional development of school administrators in the horizon of 1404:A Case Study of Principals of Schools in North Khorasan Province
Morteza Akhari Maryam Taghvai saeed safariyan hamedaniThe present study aimed to develop and validate a professional development model for high-school principals.This was an applied and cross-sectional research in terms of objective and time, respectively, and had a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The particip MoreThe present study aimed to develop and validate a professional development model for high-school principals.This was an applied and cross-sectional research in terms of objective and time, respectively, and had a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The participants in the qualitative section included 22 experts related to the research topic in North Khorasan Province, selected by purposive sampling. Data obtained from semi-structured interviews were coded and their validity and reliability were approved based on the experts' and participants’ opinions and the agreement coefficient (CVR=0.87), respectively. The statistical population in the quantitative section included 1957 high-school principals in various academic semesters during 2019-2020, 340 of whom were selected by cluster sampling based on Morgan’s Table.From the perspective of the experts, the five dimensions of professional development included educational leadership, strategic leadership, communication management, organizational management, and ethical leadership, and 14 components were management on learning and teaching, creating a favorable learning environment, curriculum evaluation, vision drawing, continuous improvement of schools, effective communication, relationship with stakeholders, operations management, resource management, individual and team leadership, professional ethics, principles, and Islamic ethical norms, development of their profession and development of human resources profession.According to the results of structural equations with PLS Smart22 showed that the research variables were able to predict professional development at a 0.69 level. It is notable that the overall goodness of fit of the model was favorable (GOF=0.54). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Investigating the Relationship between the Thinking Style of Educational Managers and their Transformational Leadership Style among Non-Government School Managers
Sajedeh Sarv Fatemeh HamidifarThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the thinking style of educational managers on their transformational leadership style among non-profit secondary school managers in the first district of Tehran. This research is based on quantitati MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the thinking style of educational managers on their transformational leadership style among non-profit secondary school managers in the first district of Tehran. This research is based on quantitative methods, it is practical in terms of its purpose, and it is a survey-type correlational research in terms of strategy. The tool for collecting field data was a standard questionnaire. including the Sternberg Thinking Styles Questionnaire (1997) and the Transformational Leadership Questionnaire of Arin Bass and Avolio (2000). The statistical population includes principals of non-profit secondary schools in the first district of Tehran, which were 250 people, and the sample size was determined to be 148 people with the help of Morgan's table. The sampling method was done in a random stratified manner. According to the results obtained, it was found that there is a significant relationship between the legislative, executive and judgmental thinking styles of non-profit secondary school principals in the first district of Tehran with their transformational leadership style including mental persuasion, ideal influence, inspirational motivation and individual consideration. In this way, the legislative thinking style has a positive relationship with the transformational leadership style, and the executive and judgmental thinking style has a negative relationship with the transformational leadership style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - An investigation of school principals’ emotional intelligence and its relationship to their demographic characteristics
ramezan hasanzadeh morteza sadatiThe present study is an attempt to investigate the effect of school principals’ gender, expertise, and emotional intelligence. It investigates the degree of school principals’ emotional intelligence at different grades(primary school, guidance school, high s MoreThe present study is an attempt to investigate the effect of school principals’ gender, expertise, and emotional intelligence. It investigates the degree of school principals’ emotional intelligence at different grades(primary school, guidance school, high school) and its relationship to their demographic characteristics. The research method is descriptive. Of the population of ascool principals in Sari, a stratified random sample of 140 was selected according to Kergesy Morgan table. To gather data, a questionnaire was used. It was comprised of two parts: demographic characteristics part and emotional intelligence part. The results showed: 1. The degree of school principals’ emotional intelligence at different grades was not different. 2. The school principals’ emotional intelligence with different years of experience was not different. 3. Emotional intelligence is different in male and female principals. 4. Emotional intelligence is different in expert and non-expert principals. 5. Emotional intelligence is not different among principals with different university degrees. 6. Emotional intelligence is not different among principals belonging to different age groups. Based on the study, it can be concluded that emotional intelligence is one of the essential factors of management and leadership. Training, expertise and emotional intelligence training courses will be helpful in its effective application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - A study of principals’ emotional intelligence in different educational stages and its relationship with their demographic characteristics
ramezan hasanzadeh morteza sadatiOBJECTIVE :The present study investigates principals’ emotional intelligence in different educational stages and its relationship with their demographic characteristics. It was hypothesized that emotional control and emotional management would positively relate to MoreOBJECTIVE :The present study investigates principals’ emotional intelligence in different educational stages and its relationship with their demographic characteristics. It was hypothesized that emotional control and emotional management would positively relate to personnel performance. METHOD: This research is done by descriptive research. In this research , the sample included 140 principals (69men and 71 women) from region one of Ministry of Education and Training in Sari that were selected by using stratified random sampling. Subjects provided information about their EI and their demographic characteristics by completing the Travis Bradbery and Jean Geaves' Emotional Intelligence questionnaire and researcher made questionnaire. RESULTS :1-There were no differences in Principal's emotional intelligence in different stages(F=0/774,P>./.5).2-There were no differences in Principal's emotional intelligence with different managerial experiences(F=1/305,P>./.5).3-There were differences in Principal's emotional intelligence with respect to their gender(men and women) (t=2/285,P<./.5).4-There were differences in Principal's emotional intelligence with respect to their specialty(t=3/148,P<./.5)..5-There were no differences in Principal's emotional intelligence with different education(F=0/185,P<./.5).6-There were no differences in Principal's emotional intelligence with different ages(F=0/347,P>./.5). CONCLUSION :Emotional intelligence is a significant predictor of successful school administration. Specifically, the results of the present study suggest that professional development programs would be wise to focus on promoting or developing EI. Consistent with previous research, women were found to score higher than men on EI Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Strategic Selection of Suppliers Using Corrected Factor Analysis Based on Data Envelopment Analysis
Siyavash Hekmat Maghsoud AmiriEstablishment of strategic alliances and formation of integrated supply chains is an obligation nowadays. This is mainly forced by the necessity of specialization of businesses as the result of market requirements and tendency of customers to customized products and ser MoreEstablishment of strategic alliances and formation of integrated supply chains is an obligation nowadays. This is mainly forced by the necessity of specialization of businesses as the result of market requirements and tendency of customers to customized products and services. Under present circumstances, a supplier selection approach which is compatible with the long-term objectives and strategies of the enterprise increases corporate efficiency and effectiveness; this leads to a more productive enterprise. This research focuses on the strategic selection of suppliers considering the interrelation of decision data. Here, an integrated structure is built in order to appropriate determination of enterprise strategies as well as their transformation into applicable criteria for supplier selection. This structure employs a combination of an adjusted factor analysis approach with multi-attribute decision making techniques within data envelopment analysis framework to evaluate decision alternatives; the alternatives which are not appropriate to be evaluated with traditional approaches of data envelopment analysis due to small number of them. Finally, the presented methodology is implemented in a corporation within Iranian foodstuff industry and its results are validated using a nonparametric statistical test in comparison with an extended model of data envelopment analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Study of the Relationship between five dimensions of Personality and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of the principals in Payame Noor Universities of Guilan
Balal Nazaryan Ahmad EsakhaniIt has been more than two decades since the first time the term Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) was expressed by Organ and his colleague. Organizational Citizenship Behavior is a cooperation which enhances the performance and refers to the behavior that is use MoreIt has been more than two decades since the first time the term Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) was expressed by Organ and his colleague. Organizational Citizenship Behavior is a cooperation which enhances the performance and refers to the behavior that is useful for the organization but has not been planned by the organization. The purpose of the present research is to study of the relationship between different Personality dimensions of the principals in Payame Noor Universities of Guilan and their Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The research methodology is correlational and causal and is known as an applied research according to its purpose. In this study among the managers and principals of Payame Noor universities of Guilan, 121 people were asked to fill in big five Questionnaire Costa & McCrae and OCB Podsak off Questionnaire. Regression analysis was used for analyzing the data. The results showed that there is a significant relation between Personality and OCB. There is also a significant relationship between the dimensions of extraversion, consciousness & agreeableness with the OCB variable. And the dimension of openness had a negative relation with OCB. The relation of openness and neuroticism dimensions and OCB is not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Causal Model of Professional Commitment based on Self-efficacy and Leadership Style of Managers among Junior Teachers
Rafigh Hasani Azar Ghalavand The aim of this study was to determine the causal model of professional commitment based on self-efficacy and leadership style of principals among teachers. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research in a correlational way and the More The aim of this study was to determine the causal model of professional commitment based on self-efficacy and leadership style of principals among teachers. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research in a correlational way and the statistical population of the study included all teachers in Andimeshk city in the academic year 2020-2021. 229 people were selected as the sample of the study by using available sampling. The research instruments were Ansari Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (2009), Hemphill and Coons Leadership Behavior Questionnaire (1957) and Klayman and Henning's Professional Commitment Questionnaire (2000). SPSS version 22 and Smart PLS software were used to analyze the data. The results showed self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on professional commitment. The results also showed that self-efficacy has a positive and significant effect on supportive leadership style and the variable of supportive leadership style plays a mediating role in the effect of self-efficacy on professional commitment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The relationship between membership, activities and enjoying principals of social networks with their creativity and innovation in secondary school
Raheleh Amouzadeh Nader Soleimani -
Open Access Article
60 - Views of school managers about the performance of the -service training
Zahra ShahraieniManpower education and improvement its own special position in any given organization. In-service personal education plays an important role in promoting efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. In-service education courses usually reinforcement of existing MoreManpower education and improvement its own special position in any given organization. In-service personal education plays an important role in promoting efficiency and effectiveness of organizations. In-service education courses usually reinforcement of existing abilities facilitate learning and creating mentality and improving manpower performance. Regarding heavy duty of the ministry of education in the field of social and cultural activities, it is necessary for this organization to have a special attention to teacher's technical skills and try the present research according to the importance and necessary of in-service education studies the performance of these courses from the principal's point. Population of the research includes principals, from which 115 people were selected randomly in accordance with the population. The medium for gathering data is quastionaiers.In order to evaluate the reliability of quastionaive.The view point of professors and experts in charge of in-service education were used and it was approved by faculty. And also to summative assessment of the questionnaire, it was conducted in group of 30 people and its reliability was assessed through Cronbach Alpha %85. Every questionnaire consisted of, 25 short answer questions and only one free answer questions designed for principals. Findings show that principals are to somewhat content with in-service education, in the field adding knowledge, job satisfaction, optimum use of facilities, participation, Responsibility. The research suggests that school administrators with the training courses component to increase knowledge of the service held 95/3, job satisfaction 99/2, the optimal use of facilities 91/7, taking responsibility 96/3 has been relatively sympathetic to the and optimal performance of the service have confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The relationship between organizational health and performance of the Director of Education District 9 of Tehran
Habib AziziThis research deals with the relation between the organizational health and the performance of Tehran principals in the ministry of education in the educational year of 1388-1389. The research plans a correlative form. The statistical community of the research includes MoreThis research deals with the relation between the organizational health and the performance of Tehran principals in the ministry of education in the educational year of 1388-1389. The research plans a correlative form. The statistical community of the research includes all the high school teachers in Tehran in the educational year of 1388-1389 which 120 of them were chosen by kokran sample mass formula. The organizational health questionnaire and performance questionnaires were used to collect the in this research . Four hypothesizes have been stated about the correlation among organizational health human technical performance the general performance of principals .The hypothesizes were tested by regression statistical multi hypothetical model and the results showed that there is a positive meaningful related among technical performance human performance conceptional performance of principals with organizational health at the level of ∂=0/01 . In a way that the rise of principals performance in all the technical conceptionally dimension increases the organizational health. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Providing A Model for Woman Assistant Principals Job competencies Development Based on management excellence (EFQM)
Jila Morsali Jahangir Yari Haj AtalooThe purpose of this study was to provide a model for Woman Assistant Principals Job competencies Development Based on management excellence (EFQM).The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study included 36 assistant Principals and c MoreThe purpose of this study was to provide a model for Woman Assistant Principals Job competencies Development Based on management excellence (EFQM).The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study included 36 assistant Principals and census sampling methods. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the ten axes of EFQM. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the professors of educational management and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to calculate the reliability. The reliability of the questionnaires was 0.92 in the field of knowledge, 0.98 in the field of skills and 0.98 in the field of attitude. Bartlett test was used to determine the adequacy of sampling in factor analysis. In all three domains, the adequacy ratio of sample size above 0.6 was obtained. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, Bartlett test and exploratory factor analysis, path analysis and the correlation matrix. It was found that attitudes, then Practice and finally knowledge among assistant principals towards the axis of school management excellence play a decisive role and from the view point of Assistant principals, the most effective axis on assistant’s job competences are: extracurricular activities, establishing teaching – learning system, Compilation of Action Plan, creativity and physical Education and safety. Promoting the job competencies of assistant principals is necessary for the improvement of educational quality. The educationists should designate according the view point of the assistant principals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Grouping of Late Maturing Corn Hybrids in Relation to some Agronomic Traits
S. Mohammadi L. Alivand F. Farahvash H. Hamzeh K. Anvari S. ArefiStudy the relationships of some agronomic traits with grain yield of 14 late maturing corn hybrids, an experiment based in RCBD with four replications was carried out at Miyandoab Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in 2009. Results showed that there wer MoreStudy the relationships of some agronomic traits with grain yield of 14 late maturing corn hybrids, an experiment based in RCBD with four replications was carried out at Miyandoab Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in 2009. Results showed that there were significant differences among corn hybrids for plant and ear height, number of kernel row and kernel numbers per ear, 1000 kernel weight, biological yield and grain yield. Hybrid KLM76005 × MO17 produced highest grain yield. Grain yield had high positive significant correlations with biological yield and harvest index. Stepwise regression analysis showed that traits like harvest index, biological yield and 1000 kernel weight justified the grain yield variation. Path analysis indicated that these traits had the highest positive direct and significant effect on grain yield. Based on the cluster analysis results, corn hybrids under study divided into 5 groups. Groups number 2 and 3 in cluster analysis did have higher mean values for effective traits on grain yield (harvest index, biological yield and 1000 kernel weight) as compared to the others. Grain yield had negative significant correlation with GDD at tasseling time and total GDD during growing season. Based on principle components analysis basic vector values two factors explained data total variation by 80.3 %. Based on results obtained it can be concluded that Hybrid KLM76005 × MO17 due to its higher biological yield and harvest index would be the best option to be recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Identification of Cold Tolerant Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Cultivars Using Stress Tolerance Indices under Humic Acid Application
Shirin Alizadeh Arash Roozbahani Amir Hosein Shirani Rad Mohamadreza Haj SeyedhadiIn order to identify cold tolerant cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) using stress tolerance indices under the influence of humic acid application, an experiment was conducted as factorial split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replicatio MoreIn order to identify cold tolerant cultivars of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) using stress tolerance indices under the influence of humic acid application, an experiment was conducted as factorial split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2017 and 2018 at Seed and Plant Improvement Research Institute, Karaj, Iran. Factorial combination of cold stress as planting date factor in two levels including 20 October and 20 November, and humic acid factor in two levels including non-application (foliar spraying with pure water) and application (foliar spraying with a concentration of 1.5 per mil at 4-6-leaf stage) were assigned to the main plots and the cultivars were allocated to the sup-plots. The results showed that rapeseed cultivars differed significantly. Based on the results of means comparison, the cultivar WRL-95-07 showed higher yield in both stress and non-stress environments as well as the application and non-application of humic acid than the other cultivars. The correlation of drought tolerance indices with grain yield under stress and non-stress conditions was used to determine the most suitable indices. Arithmetic mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HARM) and stress tolerance index (STI) had the highest significant correlation with yield under normal and stress conditions. Principal component analysis differentiated indices introducing tolerant cultivars and indices introducing susceptible cultivars, and on this basis, the 10 rapeseed cultivars were divided into three groups using cluster analysis. Finally, WRL-95-07 cultivar performed well under stress and non-stress conditions with the use of humic acid, followed by WRL-95-12 cultivar which displayed better performance than the other cultivars under stress conditions when treated with humic acid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Relationship Between Yield and Yield Components of Maize Hybrids under Different Irrigation
جمیله Seyedzavar M. Norouzi S. Aharizad A. BandehhaghTo evaluation the response of some maize hybrids to water deficit stress, a field experiment in 2010 was conducted using a split-plot plan on the basis of complete randomized block design with four replications at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz MoreTo evaluation the response of some maize hybrids to water deficit stress, a field experiment in 2010 was conducted using a split-plot plan on the basis of complete randomized block design with four replications at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz (Khalatpoushan). Main plots consisted of three different irrigation regimes (non-stress, mid-stress and sever-stress) and sub plots of 14 maize hybrids. Results showed significant differences among hybrids and irrigation regimes for all traits studied. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among hybrids and also irrigation levels for all traits except ear diameter. The best model for stepwise regression based on all traits at the average of conditions, indicated that four responsible traits like number of rows per ear, 300-grain weight, number of grains per row and number of leaves per plant remained in model, which justified 83 percent of the total variations in yield performance. The path analysis showed that the number of rows per ear had the highest direct effect on yield. Based on principal component analysis the first component had a major factor on the weight of 300 seeds, plant height, ear length, flag leaf area, ear diameter and corn cob diameter and the second component had a big factor on plant dry weight, number of kernels per row, number of leaves per plant, number of rows per ear and grain yield. Principal component analysis (PCA), based on all of traits studied determined two principal components that could justify the 78 percent of vaiations. In this research the first component named as the growth-morphological factor and second component named as the yield factor. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Determination of Some Effective Traits on Corn (Zea mays L.) Yield by Using Biofertilizer under Water Deficit Stress Conditions
M. Hosseini A. Roozbahani امین AzadiTo identify the most effective traits on corn yield by using biofertilizer under water deficit stress, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd region in 2012. In this experiment, water MoreTo identify the most effective traits on corn yield by using biofertilizer under water deficit stress, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Hashtgerd region in 2012. In this experiment, water deficit stress, as the main factor, consisted of four levels (control, stress at flowering, stress at grain filling and stress at both flowering and grain filling stages). Biological fertilizers as sub-plot consisted of four levels of biological fertilizer applications (control, application of Nytrazhyn, application of Barvar 2 fertile and application of both fertilizer Nytrazhyn and Barvar 2). Traits evaluated were seed yield, harvest index, 100 seed weight, number of ears per square meter, number of rows per ear, number of seed per row, weight, diameter and length of seeds. To determine the most effective traits simple correlation, stepwise regression analysis, path analysis and principal component analysis were performed. Multivariate analysis showed that harvest index, 100 grain weight and number of ears per square meter were highly effective on grain yield. They explained 77% and 66% of the total variance under both normal and drought stress conditions respectivly. The highest direct positive effect was related to harvest index under both conditions. To improving seed yielding potential of corn under water deficite cinditions emphasis should be placed mainly on the selection of genotypes with higher harvest indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Investigating Yield and Its Related Traits by Using Components Analysis of Different Varieties of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)
Abbas Frooghi Abbas Biyabani Ali Rahem Gorban Ali RasamThe physiological and phonological characteristics of different varieties and lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and also relationship between these traits and grain yield, 20 cultivars and lines of rapeseed were studied in a randomized complete block design with fou MoreThe physiological and phonological characteristics of different varieties and lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and also relationship between these traits and grain yield, 20 cultivars and lines of rapeseed were studied in a randomized complete block design with four replications for two years (2014-2016) at the High Educational Complex of Shirvan. During growing seasons, in addition to recording the phonological traits, destructive sampling and light measurement to calculate physiological traits like leaf area index, total dry matter and extinction coefficient were performed. At the end of the seasons, yield and its components, morphological traits and oil percentage of the cultivars were measured. Factor analysis was used to describe the relationship between the traits studied by using the mean of 21 attributes and the principal component analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the first four components justified a total of 99 percent of the total variations. The contribution of first and two components were 83.8 and 13.1 percent in the first year and 83.3 and 11.6 percent in the second year, respectively. Since the total values of the third and fourth components of the total changes in both years of the experiment are less than 4%, therefore the first two components which justified more than 96% of the variation were used to select the superior composition and the corresponding diagrams were drawn. Accordingly, varieties related to the positive direction of the first axis were varieties with high biological yield, high pod number, long flowering period and noticeable oil yield (Group A). In these varieties, seed filling is relatively shorter than the rest. In contrast, B-group varieties were against to the A- group's and were related to the negative direction of the first axis. On the other hand, varieties with high positive weight on the second axis were those with a high harvest index, a large number of pods per plant, which had longer time to stem elongation but shorter in planting to rosette (group C). The average yield of cultivars in the first year was 453.80 g.m-2 and in the second year 401.84 g.m-2. Part of the reduction in yield associated with the reduction of growth indices (biological yield) and the other part is related to the reduction of the harvest index, which it is due to significant differences of radiation between two years. As a whole it could be said that, three varieties of Bilbao, Traviata and Slm046 had the highest positive correlation with the first axis (group A). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Evaluating Tolerance Indices of some New Maize Hybrids Imposed to Drought Stress
J. Seyedzavar M. Norouzi S. AharizadIn order to investigate drought tolerance indices of 14 maize hybrids to different levels of water deficit, a split-plot experiment was conducted in complete randomized block design with four replications at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz. The m MoreIn order to investigate drought tolerance indices of 14 maize hybrids to different levels of water deficit, a split-plot experiment was conducted in complete randomized block design with four replications at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz. The main plots consisted of three levels of irrigation regimes (control, mild and severe water deficit) and sub-plots of 14 corn hybrids. Drought tolerance indices were calculated for the grain yields produced. Under mild drought condition, hybrids like SC702, SC500 and K3647×K18 were tolerant based on tolerance index (TOL) and stress susceptibility index (SSI) indices while hybrid SC 500 was the most tolerance one. Based on stress tolerance index (STI), mean productivity (MP) and geometric mean productivity (GMP) indices under both mild and severe stress conditions hybrids K166×K18, SC500، K3647×K18 and SC400 were found to be the most tolerant to water deficit than others. The STI and GMP indices that had highest positive correlation with grain yield under both of these stress conditions. Thus these two indices were determined as the best indices for selection of tolerant hybrids. Cluster analysis based on these two indices classified hybrids into two groups under mild stress and in three groups under severe stress conditions. Biplot graphs for two main components based on principle components analysis (PCM) displayed that SC500 to be a tolerant maize hybrid in both mild and severe drought stress conditions with high yield performance. Also, hybrids SC700 and SC704 were low yielders under both control and stress conditions and thus were identified to be as sensitive hybrids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Effective Socio- economic factors on job satisfaction (Case Study: The secondary school principals in Shiraz)
Keramatollah Rasekh Farah MoslehpourThe purpose of this study is to examine the effective socio-economic factors on school principals’ job satisfaction in Shiraz. The method of the study is survey and theoretical basis of the study is based on the views of Maslow and Herzberg. The effects of gender, MoreThe purpose of this study is to examine the effective socio-economic factors on school principals’ job satisfaction in Shiraz. The method of the study is survey and theoretical basis of the study is based on the views of Maslow and Herzberg. The effects of gender, age, occupation, education level, employment status, marital status, number of persons in household, home, salary, work, decision-making and job status on principles’ job satisfaction have been examined. The data were collected from 91 participants by cluster sampling method using the researcher -made questionnaire in the form of Likert scale and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, t-test, bivariate regression and multiple regression. The results show that, variables of participation in decision-making, area of service location and job dignity explain about 56 % of job satisfaction in the workplace. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - موفقیت حرفه ای بین استادان مدرس رشته آموزش زبان انگلیسی در دانشگاه : تحقیقی بر اساس تئوری فوتینگ گافمن
خلیل مطلب زاده هانیه گرمابی مهری بختیاری فیندریاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی نقش نقش معلم در موفقیت حرفه ای وی انجام شده است. قابل توجه است که، نقش معلم از یک دیدگاه جدید، نظریه فوتینگ گافمن بررسی شده است. طبق نظریه گافمن (1981)، نقش سخنران را می توان به سه دسته animator،author، principle طبقه بندی کرد،animator کسی ا Moreاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی نقش نقش معلم در موفقیت حرفه ای وی انجام شده است. قابل توجه است که، نقش معلم از یک دیدگاه جدید، نظریه فوتینگ گافمن بررسی شده است. طبق نظریه گافمن (1981)، نقش سخنران را می توان به سه دسته animator،author، principle طبقه بندی کرد،animator کسی است که ایده های دیگران را عینا تکرار می کند، author ایده ها و نظریات دیگران را با عبارات متفاوت بیان می کند، principle کسی است که ایده های متعلق به خودش را تولید می کند. با به کارگیری این نظریه در محیط آموزشی، محققان 36 استاد دانشگاه را در رشته آموزش زبان انگلیسی در سطح تحصیلات تکمیلی انتخاب کردند و از دانش آموزان آنها (118 نفر) خواستند که نقش غالب اساتید خود را را به عنوانanimator ،author و یا principle، به طور کلی و به صورت جداگانه، از طریق یک چک لیست استعاره و موفقیت حرفه ای آنها را از طریق پرسش نامه ی مشخصات معلمان موفق زبان انگلیسی بررسی نمایند. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل کای اسکوئرنشان داد که اساتید به طور عمده نقش author و animator را بازی می کنند. نتایج آنووا یک طرفه همچنین نشان داد که استادانی که نقش principleایفا می کنند، از موفقیت های حرفه ای بیشتری برخوردارند نسبت به کسانی که نقش های animator وauthor را دارند. نتایج به دست آمده نتیجه گیری های ضمنی و پیشنهاداتی را در محیط درسی دانشگاهی ایران ارائه می دهند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - An Investigation of Jurisprudence Principals of Unfixed Taxes
abdoljabar zargoshnasab Taher alimohammadi Masoumeh GheybiIn an Islamic government, taxes fall under two categories: Fixed and unfixed. Fixed taxes are the ones specified in the religious texts in terms of amount and rate unfixed taxes are those imposed as per the necessities and needs of the society, the amount and type of wh MoreIn an Islamic government, taxes fall under two categories: Fixed and unfixed. Fixed taxes are the ones specified in the religious texts in terms of amount and rate unfixed taxes are those imposed as per the necessities and needs of the society, the amount and type of which varies depending on the time and place requirements. Because imposing unfixed taxes in an Islamic society must conform to the Islamic religious teachings to be accepted by the theologians, investigating the related jurisprudence principals is of prime importance. In this analytical-descriptive study, after investigating the Holy Quran verses, sayings by Holy Prophet or Imams, jurisprudence principals and Islamic regulations such as Velayat-e-Amr of the Islamic Jurists a system of government wherein the Islamic clergies (Ulema) have the ultimate saying in the military, judicial, legislative, and executive branches of government, it was revealed that imposing such taxes by the Islamic government is not only allowed but also obligatory in some cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Investigating the relationship between principals’ moral intelligence and their servant leadership in Miandoab’s schools with a focus on gender
Ghiv Joudi Akbar RezaeiThis inquiry was carried out to investigate the relationship between the principals’ moral intelligence and their servant leadership in Miandoab’s schools. The study was a descriptive-correlational one. The research population included 179 male and female pr MoreThis inquiry was carried out to investigate the relationship between the principals’ moral intelligence and their servant leadership in Miandoab’s schools. The study was a descriptive-correlational one. The research population included 179 male and female principals of primary, secondary, and high school in Miandoab. The sample comprised 122 principals, 75 male and 47 female principals, who were chosen through categorical ratio method based on Cochrams sampling formula. Regarding servant leadership of each principle, three teachers in his/her school completed the related questionnaire. This means that totally 366 teachers completed the questionnaire. The data were gathered through two questionnaires of moral intelligence and servant leadership. The face validity, content validity, and internal consistency of both questionnaires were verified by the experts. The Chronbach Alpha for the moral intelligence and servant leadership questionnaires was 0.92 and 0.97 respectively. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software conducting descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent T-test, and standard multiple regression analyses. The results showed that there was a positive significant relationship between the principals’ moral intelligence and its components with their servant leadership in Miandoab’s schools. The obtained results of regression analysis showed that among the four factors of moral intelligence, compassion had a more predictable vaue for the principals’ servant leadership in Miandoab’s schools. Also, the results of T-test revealed that there was no significant relationship between male and female principals’ moral intelligence and their servant leadership. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - A study of relationship between cultural intelligence and the Shahed schools Principals, productivity in West Azerbaijan province
Seyyed Davood Hosseini nassab Warya GhaderiThe aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and the Shahed school principals, productivity in West Azerbaijan province. The research method was a descriptive correlation. Statistical population of the research includes the p MoreThe aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence and the Shahed school principals, productivity in West Azerbaijan province. The research method was a descriptive correlation. Statistical population of the research includes the principals of the Shahed schools in West Azerbaijan which includes 41 principals. Since the statistical population is limited, so all the population will be considered as sample size. For each manager six teachers were selected. To collect the data two forms of questionnaires namely: cultural intelligence and productivity were used. For analyzing the data both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Findings show that there is significant and positive relationship among cultural intelligence, and its aspects (Meta-cognitive, Cognitive, Motivational, and Behavioral) with productivity of the principals. Other findings indicate that there isn’t significant difference between cultural intelligence and productivity of the managers based on their service records, the genders and the level of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - The study of Job Commitment and Trust within the Organization in high schools in Isfahan
Sayyed Mostafa Banitaba Jashveghani Badri Shahtalebi Fariba KarimiThis study reviews the status of trust within the organizational and job commitment of Isfahan school administrators using descriptive research has been done. Statistical research community, including public school administrators in Isfahan, in the 87-88 school year to MoreThis study reviews the status of trust within the organizational and job commitment of Isfahan school administrators using descriptive research has been done. Statistical research community, including public school administrators in Isfahan, in the 87-88 school year to 138 the number of director and secretary of the 4130 using stratified random sampling method proportional to size number 94 and number 282 Admin Secretary, as the sample were selected. The data collected included a questionnaire including 40 buoy Blav job commitment and trust questionnaire with 30 closed response buoy five degree Likert scale was. Questionnaire reliability coefficients using Cronbach's alpha for the pilot study performed by career commitment 89 / 0 and for the trust in 1998 / 0 is obtained. Data in this study included descriptive statistics statistical characteristics frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics in test t, variance analysis and Scheffe test were analyzed. Results showed that demographic characteristics between the components of career commitment in managers by age and level of service in the area where 0.01 ≥ p and degree level by 0.05 ≥ p there is a significant difference. But in terms of gender, qualification and experience of significant difference in levels was observed 0.05 ≥ p. Other research results indicate that it was between internal trust in teachers by gender, diploma, job experience, age and place of work area in significant difference 0.05 ≥ p there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Identifying Interactions among the Components of Intellectual Capital by Using Structural Equation Modeling Technique in the Iranian Banking Industry
Abdolnaser Shojaei Toraj Beygi Mohammad NazaripourIntellectual capital, which has been described as intangible assets, may be used as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. However, intellectual capital components have to interact to create value. The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the situat MoreIntellectual capital, which has been described as intangible assets, may be used as a source of sustainable competitive advantage. However, intellectual capital components have to interact to create value. The purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the situation of three elements of intellectual capital, i.e. human capital, structural capital, and customer capital, and their inter-relationships in the banking industry of Iran. The study was conducted by using a psychometrically validated questionnaire which was originally administrated in Canada. To explore the constructs and to develop the items, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Structural Relations (LISREL) were used. The final specified model demonstrates a meaningful inter-relationship among the elements of intellectual capital. According to the study's findings, in the Iranian banking industry human capital has positive effects on structural capital as well as customer capital. On the other hand, structural capital causes the increase in the growth and strength of customer capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Synoptic Analysis of Dust From The Warm Half of The Year in Southern Khorasan Province
Zohra Ahmadi Reza Doostan Abbas MofidiDust is the first Natural hazard in desert and semi-desert world and Iran. In order to identify the days of the dust of South KHorasan, the daily amount of horizontal visibility, wind speed and direction in the spring and summer of 1991 -2008 were received from Meteorol MoreDust is the first Natural hazard in desert and semi-desert world and Iran. In order to identify the days of the dust of South KHorasan, the daily amount of horizontal visibility, wind speed and direction in the spring and summer of 1991 -2008 were received from Meteorological Organization. Then, based on Shao and Dong index, the days were extracted with dust. In order to determine atmospheric pattern led to the dust, the daily Geopotential height 500 HP from the National Center for Environmental Prediction America/ National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP / NCAR), was prepared. In this study, to determine the pressure patterns were used the principle component analysis approach in the state S and hierarchical clustering (ward). Then the composite maps of vorticity, geopotential height, and sea pressure and flow pattern for each pattern produced and were analyzed. The results showed that the tow dominant synoptic patterns respectively are the summer pattern with a subtropical high on Iran and high low on Pakistan in the high levels of the atmosphere and the pressure difference between the South-East of Iran (low pressure) and the Caspian Sea (high pressure) on the land surface. In this pattern, the wind from the East of the Caspian Sea and Turkmenistan desert in the dry lands and deserts to eastern Iran flows and causing dust. This atmospheric conditions is this Connection with the 120-day winds of Sistan and Baluchestan in Iran's East. In the spring pattern, the trough of westerly winds in the center and east of Iran in the high level of atmosphere and low pressure on the ground in this area has led to unstable weather conditions in the central deserts of Iran and the West the province that these flows transfer dust particles and reduce visibility. As well as intense pressure difference between the centers lead to dust storms in the South Khorasan province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes based on some morphophysiological and biochemical indices
Nasim Ranjkesh Morteza Sam Darili Pouria Mazloum Amirabbas Mousavi Valiollah RameehRice is one of the most important food crop which is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties such as plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers, total numbe MoreRice is one of the most important food crop which is the staple food for more than half of the world population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties such as plant height, panicle length, number of effective tillers, total number of grains, number of filled grains, number of unfilled grains, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, economic yield, harvest index, chlorophyll index, growth period, total Phenol (TP), antioxidant capacity based on 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picryl Hydrazil (DPPH) with 30 rice genotypes in a randomized complete block design in the experimental field of Amol Rice Research Institute. Results showed that Amol 1 and Bijar rice varieties had significantly higher antioxidant activities and total phenolic than the other samples examined in this study, respectively. The highest total number of grains, number of filled grains and 1000-grain weight were observed in genotype IR56. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters based on agronomic traits using UPGMA method. The highest mean of yield was related to the fourth cluster and the lowest of this attribute was related to the fifth cluster. Principal components analysis (PCA) explained 79.01% of variation and economic yield, total number of grains, and number of filled grains played the main Experimental Field role. Two principal components accounted for 43% of the raw data of the yield-related traits. The results of this research indicated that use of economic yield, total number of grains, and number of filled grains could be applied as a breeding strategy to obtain high yield rice cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Evaluation of drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes using germination traits and indices under drought conditions
Mohammad Amin Baghery Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar Ali Dehestani Pooyan Mehrabanjoubani Hamid Najafi ZariniSesame as one of the most important oilseed crops has high industrial, food, and medicinal potentials. Drought stress challenges sesame production, especially at the germination and seedling stages. To screen sesame genotypes for drought tolerance at the germination sta MoreSesame as one of the most important oilseed crops has high industrial, food, and medicinal potentials. Drought stress challenges sesame production, especially at the germination and seedling stages. To screen sesame genotypes for drought tolerance at the germination stage, a factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The studied factors included 4 drought levels induced by polyethylene glycol (concentrations of 0%, 20%, 25%, and 30%) and 15 sesame genotypes. Based on the results of ANOVA, the effect of genotype, drought, and their interaction on all studied traits including germination rate, germination speed, vigor index 1 and 2, radicle length, plumule length, and seedling fresh and dry weight was significant (P<0.01). Significant reduction (P<0.05) was observed in all levels of stress compared to the control in the studied traits. Germination rate, radicle length, and plumule length (with 10%, 17%, and 18% reduction, respectively) showed less sensitivity to drought stress at weak level (20% concentration), while the most negative effect was obtained for vigor index 2, seedling dry weight and seedling fresh weight (with 52.5%, 47.3%, and 34.4% reduction, respectively). On the other hand, the highest decrease was observed in plumule length, vigor index 1 and 2 (98%, 97%, and 96%, respectively), under severe drought (30% concentration). The calculated drought tolerance indices of each trait were used for principal component analysis and biplot visualization. Thus, genotypes were divided into 5 categories based on tolerance. Dashtestan 2 and Darab 1 genotypes were selected as the most tolerant and Qaem, Yekta, Sudan, and Kerman genotypes were selected as the most sensitive genotypes. The findings of this study can be used in future studies and breeding programs of sesame for drought tolerance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Evaluation and Fitting the model of components of professional ethics of managers
Abbasali Bazrafshan Mozhgzn Amirianzadeh reza zarei Abadollah AhmadiThe present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and fitting the model of professional ethics of principals of the first secondary schools in Fars province. This research is of a descriptive-survey type, using the sequential-exploratory method and using the de MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and fitting the model of professional ethics of principals of the first secondary schools in Fars province. This research is of a descriptive-survey type, using the sequential-exploratory method and using the design of the initial conceptual model and determining the three main dimensions (structural, content and context) and 14 sub-components in relation to determining the validity and reliability of the model and its fit.Action has been taken.The research model was examined and tested using the structural equation method (SEM) and with the help of PLS Smart software. In the following, model fitting was done in three levels: measurement model fitting, structural model fitting and overall (GOF) Three values of 0.20, 0.15,and 0.35 have been determined for the model fitting prediction intensity of the model, which in the present study, the values of all variables were very acceptable. The value of RMSR in this model was 0.073, which is an acceptable value of less than 0.80. Therefore, the mentioned model has a very good fit. Also,the significant standard factor load t at the 95% confidence level has been determined for each item of each factor and the value (R2) is 56/. It indicates the verification of the model using the mentioned criteria and confirms the high power of predicting endogenous variables. The results showed that the research model is very useful and the prediction power criterion of the model also determines the power of predicting the indicators related to the structures Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Validation of the model for development of school principals
Zahra Sarchahani Fakhrossadat Nasiri Valik Boney -
Open Access Article
81 - Proposing an Automated System for Differentiating between Healthy Individuals and Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy
Mina Ghayoor Hossein PourghassemDiabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world, adversely affects different body organs. One of the most common causes of eye problems is diabetes. Analyzing retinal damage is one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes so one of the best ways to diagnose diabet MoreDiabetes is one of the most common diseases in the world, adversely affects different body organs. One of the most common causes of eye problems is diabetes. Analyzing retinal damage is one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes so one of the best ways to diagnose diabetes is to look at the damage to the retina. Hence, first, a highly applicable and effective method, which is a combination of the Wiener filter and the discrete wavelet transform (DWT), is used for the removal of noise from images. Afterward, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to remove the bad image sections including very light and very dark areas of the image. Next, the image color and shape features are extracted. We transfer the images to the lab space, which fits the eye more, to extract the image color features. To extract the image shape features, first the images are converted into grey images and then the shape features are extracted. After extracting the features, the number of features is reduced using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm. Besides, the best and most effective features are also selected. Finally, the support vector machine classifier with different kernel is used to classify the features and images into two categories, namely the healthy participants and patients. The accuracy resulting from this algorithm using the test images is over 90%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval Based on Image Feature Projection in Relevance Feedback Level
Mohammad Behnam Hossein PourghasemThe purpose of this study is to design a content-based medical image retrieval system and provide a new method to reduce semantic gap between visual features and semantic concepts. Generally performance of the retrieval systems based on only visual contents decrease bec MoreThe purpose of this study is to design a content-based medical image retrieval system and provide a new method to reduce semantic gap between visual features and semantic concepts. Generally performance of the retrieval systems based on only visual contents decrease because these features often fail to describe the high level semantic concepts in user’s mind. In this paper this problem is solved using a new approach based on projection of relevant and irrelevant images in to a new space with low dimensionality and less overlapping in relevance feedback level. For this purpose, first we change the feature space using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) techniques and then classify the feedback images applying Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The proposed framework has been evaluated on a database consisting of 10,000 medical X-ray images of 57 semantic classes. The obtained results show that the proposed approach significantly improves the accuracy of retrieval system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Short-Term Load Forecasting of Distribution Power System for Weekdays Using Old Data
Bahador Fani Soleyman Fehresti Sani Ehsan AdibEstimation of daily load in distribution companies which is performed to present the results to the DMS, is necessary. Daily load forecasting of power systems has traditionally been considered. Because load patterns are influenced by several factors such as climate, eco MoreEstimation of daily load in distribution companies which is performed to present the results to the DMS, is necessary. Daily load forecasting of power systems has traditionally been considered. Because load patterns are influenced by several factors such as climate, economy and society, it is difficult to predict the load exactly. That's why in recent years the use of intelligent algorithms to predict it, is growing. In this project, the short-term load forecasting is performed in a hybrid approach. Due to the different behavior in different days, various methods have been used to predict the load. With studying different methods of load prediction, finally, finally exponential smoothing algorithm was used to predict the exact load in the weekdays. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Principal Component Analysis of Biometric Traits in Guilan Native Cattle of Iran
M. Golshani Jourshari A.A. Shadparvar ن. قوی حسین زاده F. Rafeie M.H. Banabazi A.M. Johansson -
Open Access Article
85 - Body Conformation Analysis through Biometric Traits in Borgou Cattle Breed Reared in on Station Conservation Farm in Northern Benin
H.S.S. Worogo U. Tchokponhoué Y. Idrissou A.S. Assani C.D.A. Alabi M. Azalou J.S. Adjassin I.T. Alkoiret -
Open Access Article
86 - How Does Primary Dairy Cooperative Perform? A Study of Physical and Financial Performance Variables in West Bengal State in India
D. Sarker B.K. Ghosh -
Open Access Article
87 - Improve the Efficiency of Dairy Farms through a Typology Based on Dietary Management, in Central Macedonia Region, Greece
I. Mitsopoulos V. Dotas M. Tsiouni A. Pavloudi D. Kyrtsoudis D. Gourdouvelis -
Open Access Article
88 - Development and Implementation of Principal Component Analysis Method for Monitoring of Gas Turbine
Samira Piri Niaragh Elham GhanbariGas turbines are complex and expensive machines that the cost of repairing unexpected failures is very high. There are many sensors installed in each gas turbine that record and collect large amounts of data. With the data mining of such big data, failure prediction is MoreGas turbines are complex and expensive machines that the cost of repairing unexpected failures is very high. There are many sensors installed in each gas turbine that record and collect large amounts of data. With the data mining of such big data, failure prediction is possible before the occurrence. The data set for the present study is the recorded quantities of sensors mounted on a 9-frame gas turbine in one of the country's power plants. The one column of data matrix rows was first labeled to identify healthy and defective row in each data sample. Then, by using the Principal Component Analysis method, the dimensions of the data matrix were reduced from seven to four dimensions and the main features were extracted. Following this, a model was developed by applying Artificial Neural Network method that was able to identify fault rows in the data matrix and identify the class of the data samples as healthy or defective. Accuracy, precision, and convergence of the model for two-to-six-dimensional model reductions were studied after machine learning was performed on 80% of the data. After matrix dimensionality reduction, and feature extraction by using "Principal Component Analysis" method, our well-designed model was also able to identify and classify the fault by using "Artificial Neural Network" method. In this thesis, it was found that our mode l by combining "Principal Component Analysis" method with "Artificial Neural Network" was able to show more than 90% precision with good accuracy and maximum degree of data matrix convergence. Moreover, it was able to specify the gas turbine fault class. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - A New IRIS Segmentation Method Based on Sparse Representation
Mohammad Rajabi Sedigheh Ghofrani Ahmad Ayatollahi -
Open Access Article
90 - A Hybrid of Genetic Algorithm and Gaussian Mixture Model for Features Reduction and Detection of Vocal Fold Pathology
Vahid Majidnezhad Igor Kheidorov -
Open Access Article
91 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of different varieties of pinto beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under water stress conditions.
Mahdi Ziaei Nasab ali Rahmati Mansour AbadIn order to evaluate the yield and yield components of pinto bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), under water stress, an experiment was conducted in 2016 in Damavand city in the form of a split plot design based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replicatio MoreIn order to evaluate the yield and yield components of pinto bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), under water stress, an experiment was conducted in 2016 in Damavand city in the form of a split plot design based on a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. So that water stress (A), as the main factor, includes three levels: control, mild stress and severe stress and variety (B) was considered as a subfactor, including 6 varieties of pinto beans (Ghaffar, F16, Ks21492, Ks21495, Ks21558 and Ks22102). The traits of number of pods per plant, length of pods, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, biological yield, yield of seeds per plant and harvest index were measured and indices of drought stress tolerance were calculated. According to the results of analysis of variance, the effect of water deficit stress was significant on all studied traits, except for the traits of weight of 100 seeds, biological yield. Also, there was a significant difference between the investigated varieties in terms of all the studied traits at the probability level of 1%. The results of comparing the mean treatments showed that Ks 21495 had the highest seed yield with the highest values of the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod. Based on the obtained results, mean productivity (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), harmonic mean (HARM) and stress tolerance index (STI) indices were the most appropriate indices for the strain-tolerant varieties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Response of yield and yield components of aerobic rices in climate condition of Ahvaz
Farideh Zohrabi1 Zahra Khodarahmpour2 Abdolali gilani3Aerobic rice is a new type of rice adapted to aerobic soil. This study was conducted to evaluate aerobic rice utilizes multivariate statistical techniques in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Shavoor Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center in MoreAerobic rice is a new type of rice adapted to aerobic soil. This study was conducted to evaluate aerobic rice utilizes multivariate statistical techniques in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Shavoor Khuzestan Agricultural Research Center in 2014. In this experiment, yield and yield components of 9 aerobic lines plus Danial cv. were examined. Results showed that there was significant difference in 1% probability level between lines the trait of the number of primary branches, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, plant height, panicle fertility percent, 1000 grain weight and days to heading. The narrow sense heritability of 18% in yield to 49% in panicle fertility percent was variable. There was a positive and significant correlation between grain yield with panicle weight, number of grains per panicle and panicle fertility percent. Cluster analysis basis ward’s method stated that IR81025-B-347-3 was in a group and other aerobic lines with Daniel in the other group. Aerobic line IR81025-B-347-3 with having the highest number of primary branches, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, panicle weight, panicle fertility percent and grain yield and located in the desirable area biplot as the best lines in terms of morphological traits in aerobic soil conditions and intermittent irrigation was identified as high-performing of line for further research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Study of genetic variation of rice genotypes on the germination components and seedling growth in the drought stress condition
zahra khodarahmpour Elahe Ghorbani Abdolali GilaniThe present study was conducted to study genetic diversity in 26 rice genotypes (lRRl heat tolerant collection) in 2016 in Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replicati MoreThe present study was conducted to study genetic diversity in 26 rice genotypes (lRRl heat tolerant collection) in 2016 in Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications including 24 lines and 2 hybrids as the first factor and drought stress with PEG 6000 in 5 levels of zero (control), -0.3, -1.8, -3.3 and -4.8 Bar were performed as the second factor. The results of analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between drought levels, genotypes and their interaction in all traits at a probability level of one percent. The lowest indices of germination and seedling growth were observed at the level of -4.8 Bar. The highest positive and significant correlation (r = %90**) was obtained between shoot length and seedling length. In principal component analysis, the four first components accounted for 85% of the total diversity. Cluster analysis with Ward method included genotypes in three clusters. In the first cluster of lines 48, 15, 35, 44, 42, 20, 19, 5, 28, 10, 16, 4, 2, 55, 53, 31, 34, 36 and HB2 hybrid, in the second cluster of lines 25 and 23 and hybrid HB1 and in the third cluster were lines 40, 13, 41 and 21. According to the results of mean of comparison, biplot and cluster analysis of the second cluster genotypes in terms of germination rate, shoot length, root length, seedling length, s Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Explain the Role of Professional Ethics on the Performance of School Principals in Empowering Teachers with PLS Approach
FAHIMEH VAPARZEH بهنام طالبی Mariyam SameriBecause social capital teachers are the educational system in any country. Therefore, their empowerment guarantees the prosperity of the next generation of the country. This study was conducted to explain the role of professional ethics on the performance of school prin MoreBecause social capital teachers are the educational system in any country. Therefore, their empowerment guarantees the prosperity of the next generation of the country. This study was conducted to explain the role of professional ethics on the performance of school principals in empowering teachers with PLS approach. The present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population includes all principals of health promoting schools in East Azerbaijan province in the academic year 2018-2019. The research sample was determined based on Morgan and Kerejsi table of 291 people and was selected based on random relative stratified sampling method based on education district and region and educational level. To measure research variables, the professional ethics questionnaire of principals (Bahagir, 2011) is a researcher-made questionnaire of school principals. The content validity of the questionnaires was estimated by the experts and their reliability was estimated by Cronbach's alpha method for the school principals' performance questionnaire of 0.966, respectively, and for the professional ethics questionnaire of 0.911 principals. The results of the structural equation model with pls3 software showed that the performance of principals in empowering teachers based on their professional ethics is predictable (P <0.01). Given the role of professional ethics in improving the performance of principals in empowering teachers, it can be said that promoting the professional ethics of principals has an effective role in empowering school teachers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Identifying the Components and Indicators of Effective Organizational Culture of Secondary Schools
Fatemeh Mahmudi Nader Shahamat Ebadoallah Ahmadi Moslem SalehiThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors, components and indicators of organizational culture of effective secondary schools in Bandar Abbas. The research is among the qualitative researches that were conducted using the qualitative case study metho MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate the factors, components and indicators of organizational culture of effective secondary schools in Bandar Abbas. The research is among the qualitative researches that were conducted using the qualitative case study method. The statistical population of the study consisted of three groups: the first group: and effective school principals (gifted, government sample, control) high school (first and second) in Bandar Abbas. The second group: teachers of these schools and the third group: students; A "targeted approach" was used to analyze the data with the "method of selecting key experts", and the "theoretical saturation criterion" was used; The research tool in the qualitative section was an open-ended interview form; The data obtained using Nvivo software were analyzed in the form of data foundation theory through content analysis and open, axial and selective coding; Validation of qualitative data was performed using verification and reliability techniques. The results indicate that the comprehensive content of the organizational culture factors of effective schools were classified as basic (78 themes) and organizing (7 themes and 7 dimensions). The components of organizational culture of effective schools are: 56 basic themes, 3 organizing themes: cultural elements, school, methods of culture transfer; So that the organizing themes were classified into 10 dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Development of a cell formation heuristic by considering realistic data using principal component analysis and Taguchi’s method
Shailendra Kumar Rajiv Kumar Sharma -
Open Access Article
97 - An application of principal component analysis and logistic regression to facilitate production scheduling decision support system: an automotive industry case
Saeed Mehrjoo Mahdi Bashiri -
Open Access Article
98 - Practical Engineering Approach for Generating the Torsional Earthquake Excitation from Translational Components
Sandeep C. Potnis Raviji S. Desai I.D Gupta -
Open Access Article
99 - Factor Analysis of Effective Factors in Creating a Competency Model for Principals for Entrepreneurial Schools
Marzieh Jamei Yadaleh Mehr Alizadeh Nasrollah QashqaeizadehThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools. Its statistical population included school principals. The sample size was selected with Sample power 320 software. From the methodo MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools. Its statistical population included school principals. The sample size was selected with Sample power 320 software. From the methodological point of view, the method used is quantitative, which has been done using two approaches of factor analysis. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was designed and validated by the researcher based on the collective opinion of experts in the field and was selected. To obtain the validity of this questionnaire, in addition to content validity, the validity of the structure was obtained using the first stage confirmatory factor analysis. To determine the reliability of different sections, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, which was 0.86, which indicates the appropriateness of the research tool. SPSS23 and Smart PLS 2 software were used for statistical analysis of data. In order to identify the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools, type R factor analysis was used. The research results indicate that the fitted model of the research includes 13 components and factors (mission, vision, values, goals, communication network, organizational culture, personality traits, technical skills, human skills, perceptual skills, specialized competencies, Behavioral competencies (performance management) are effective in creating a model of principal competence for entrepreneurial schools. Also, the overall GOF index of the model fit was 0.534. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Identifying the Resilience Dimensions of Principals at Primary School Based on Thematic Analysis
Mahdi Bagheri Masoud Sadeghi Mahmoud Abolghasemi Seyfollah Fazllolahi ghomshiToday, school principals face a variety of challenges that should be equipped with resilience. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the resilience dimensions of primary school principals. This research was qualitative and using the thematic analysis meth MoreToday, school principals face a variety of challenges that should be equipped with resilience. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the resilience dimensions of primary school principals. This research was qualitative and using the thematic analysis method. In this research, all researches associated with resilience of school principals and educational leaders were considered as the main text for extracting concepts and categories. Data were analyzed by MAXQDA2018 software and 110 themed themes were extracted. of the total basic themes, 14 dimensions were designed as predatory themes for resilient primary school principals. Predicitors included physical and psychological health, healthy personality traits, resilient measures and functional functions, relative abilities, religious and spiritual values, positive job characteristics, positive and constructive interactions with components of educational system, organizational commitment, problem and conflict management, challenge The ability to convert and convert them to the opportunity, quality of work life, perspective and organizational goals, proper environmental conditions and assistance and appropriate support for systems. The identified dimensions of primary school administrators can be used as possible components to resilience more primary school principals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Investigating the causal relationship between economic growth, trade openness and the depth of the banking sector: Case study of the D8 Group Countries
maasoumeh Dalvandi mohammad javad mohaghegh niaAchieving economic growth plays an important role in determining countries economic power. Therefore, it is particularly important to recognize and examine the factors that influence economic growth. The depth of the banking sector and trade openness are important facto MoreAchieving economic growth plays an important role in determining countries economic power. Therefore, it is particularly important to recognize and examine the factors that influence economic growth. The depth of the banking sector and trade openness are important factors influencing economic growth. In this study, the unit root test of the IPS was used to examine the significance of the variables. After rejecting of co-integration between variables using Pedroni and Kao test to examine the causal relationship between depth of the banking sector, trade openness and economic growth, the Granger causality model of panel data during the period 1980-2020 in 8 D8 member countries has been used. Therefore, for the depth of the banking sector, a composite index obtained from the Principal Component Analysis method and for economic growth and trade openness, two indexes of GDP and total exports and imports in terms of GDP are used, respectively. The results confirm the existence of a one-way causal relationship from trade openness to economic growth. Other results show that the causal relationship between economic growth and the depth of the banking sector has not been confirmed; The findings also indicate that there is no causal relationship between trade openness and the depth of the banking sector in the countries studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Analysis of the Second book of Masnavi
mohamad navid bazarganIn Masnavi studies, often explaining the verses and subject researches have been the main concern. Masnavi consists of six books, and so far the principal thoughts on which the books are based, are not usually discussed. The author of the present article, based on his MoreIn Masnavi studies, often explaining the verses and subject researches have been the main concern. Masnavi consists of six books, and so far the principal thoughts on which the books are based, are not usually discussed. The author of the present article, based on his years of teaching experience in master level, and employing qualitative content analysis method, tries to demonstrate the themes that are proposed in the 2nd book of Masnavi. This isto show the principal thoughts this book is based on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Validation a scale for measuring entrepreneurship of managers in governmental organizations
Nasrin Sohrabifard Ali Akbar Khosravi Heidar Ali Hoomanthis study attempted to devise and validate a scale for measuring entrepreneurship among managers of the Tehran area’s governmental organizations. A random of Iran, participated in this research. In the first stage, Morethis study attempted to devise and validate a scale for measuring entrepreneurship among managers of the Tehran area’s governmental organizations. A random of Iran, participated in this research. In the first stage, a -item questionnaire scale from one to four was used. The results of this stage of the study showed that the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ! d the item-total Polyserial correlations of seven items were not significant. In " lacked significant factor loading were omitted from the # $ reliability %& & analysis, using a varimax rotation, resulted in the following components: endeavor risk taking, locus of control, fluency, creativity and innovation, flexibility, and uncertainty and ambiguity tolerance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Calculation of financial condition index by principal component analysis method in Iran
Zahra Haeri Nasab Kiomars Sohaili Shahram FattahiAbstract In the last few years, the financial condition index has been an important indicator to determine the situation of each country. The Financial Conditions Index can be defined as the current state of the variables that affect the future state of the economy. Th MoreAbstract In the last few years, the financial condition index has been an important indicator to determine the situation of each country. The Financial Conditions Index can be defined as the current state of the variables that affect the future state of the economy. The Financial Conditions Index is a summary index of financial variables that is effective in predicting the economic situation of a country. Financial conditions in any country are one of the most important issues in the economy. The purpose of this article is to determine and calculate the financial condition index for Iran using the basic component analysis method and time series data from 1990-2020. The results of calculating the financial condition index show that the credit channel has more weight than other channels and this shows the importance of the volume of credit in estimating the country's financial condition index during this period in the research. After that, the asset channel, ie the stock price index and the housing index, have the most weight. Among these, the exchange rate and interest rate channels have the lowest weight. Therefore, the central bank can adopt a forward-looking approach in monetary policy, so that by changing its retrospective approach in monetary policy decisions, it can show the most correct reaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Predicting Emotional Tendency of Investors Using financial ratios based on principal component analysis method
Reza Taghavi iman dadashi Mohammad Javad Zare Bahnamiri Hamid Reza Gholamnia RoshanAbstractOne of the proven topics in psychology is the influence of people's emotion's on the decision-making process and their judgment about future events. In such a way that when people have positive emotions, they make optimistic choices and when they have negative e MoreAbstractOne of the proven topics in psychology is the influence of people's emotion's on the decision-making process and their judgment about future events. In such a way that when people have positive emotions, they make optimistic choices and when they have negative emotions, they make pessimistic choices. Therefore, the emotional tendencies of investors indicate the margin of optimism and pessimism of shareholders towards a share. The purpose of this study is to use financial ratios to predict the emotional tendencies of investor's. To answer the research questions, data related to 97 financial ratios belonging to companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2006 and 2018 have been used. In order to derive effective financial ratios, the neighborhood component analysis algorithm method was used, which ultimately led to the selection of 7 ratios. To measure the emotional tendencies of investor's, four indicators of relative strength, psychological line, trading volume and stock turnover adjustment rate have been applied. Finally, we have combined these indicators with the help of PCA method. The results showed that the ratios of percentage changes in sales changes, net profit to assets and the ratio of inventory changes to sales changes have a positive and significant effect on investor's feelings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Investigating the Causal Nexus Between Economic Growth, Banking Sector Development, Capital Markets Development and Macroeconomic Variables in Iran
Zarir Negintaji Hassan GolmoradiAdinevand MortezaAli SadeghinejadAbstractOne of the most important issues of economics is investigating the factors affecting economic growth and their impact. Some theorists believe that the development of the financial sector, including the development of the banking sector and the capital market, al MoreAbstractOne of the most important issues of economics is investigating the factors affecting economic growth and their impact. Some theorists believe that the development of the financial sector, including the development of the banking sector and the capital market, along with macroeconomic factors can provide the necessary basis for increasing economic growth. Indeed, there is a serious argument that a weakened financial system are trapped in a vicious circle where low levels of financial development will lead to poor economic performance and poor economic performance will lead to lower financial development.This study examines the relationship between economic growth, banking sector development, capital market development and some important macroeconomic variables. For this purpose, first the combined indicators of banking sector development and capital market development based on the principal component analysis (PCA) method are applied and then using vector autoregressive model and the Granger causalities test, Causal nexus between variables for time series data of Iranin economic between 1363-1397 Is examined.The results of this study show that there is a mutual Causal nexus between economic growth and financial development both in terms of banking sector development and capital market development, so financial development in terms of both banking sector development and market development Capital have reciprocal relation with economic growth. The causality between the development of the banking sector and the capital market is also two-sided and this suggests the importance of integrated financial sector development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Evaluation of Morphological Traits in the Populations of Coronilla varia L.
Parvin Salehi shanjani Leila Rasoulzadeh Hamideh Javadi -
Open Access Article
108 - Life Cycle and Phenological Growth Stages in Endangered Fritillaria raddeana Regel Using BBCH Scale in Its Natural Habitat, Northern Khorasan Province, Iran
Sajad Alipour Ali Tehranifar Mahmoud Shoor Leili Samiei Homayoun Farahmand -
Open Access Article
109 - Investigation on Effects of Environmental and Soil Factors on Establishment of Vegetation Types (Case Study: Sabzdasht, Bafgh)
Majid Sadeghinia Mohammad Jafari Ghavamodin Zahedi Amiri Naser Baghestani Maybodi Ali Tavili -
Open Access Article
110 - Relationship between Some Environmental Factors with Distribution of Medicinal Plants in Ghorkhud Protected Region, Northern Khorasan Province, Iran
Mousa Akbarlou Negin Nodehi -
Open Access Article
111 - Effect of Some Soil Properties on Distribution of Eurotia ceratoides and Stipa barbata in Baghedar, Bafgh Rangelands
Abdolhossein Rezaipoorbaghedar Mohammad Hossein Hakimi Majid Sadeghinia Hamid Reza Azimzadeh -
Open Access Article
112 - Multivariate Statistical Method for Assessing Livestock Grazing Effects on Soil and Vegetation in Steppe Rangelands (Case Study: Steppe Rangelands of Saveh)
Sedigheh Zare Kia Hossein Arzani Mohammad Jafari Seyyed Akbar Javadi Ali Ashraf Jafari -
Open Access Article
113 - Providing Three-Dimensional Composite Model (Financial, Economic, Sustainability) in predicting Companies' Financial Distress
احمد برگ بید علی جعفری hasan salehnejadFinancial distress is a serious issue for the economic life of countries and forecasting distress for various groups including managers, banks, investors, policymakers and auditors is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to provide a combined three-dimensio MoreFinancial distress is a serious issue for the economic life of countries and forecasting distress for various groups including managers, banks, investors, policymakers and auditors is of great importance. The purpose of this study is to provide a combined three-dimensional model (financial, economic, sustainability), two-dimensional model (financial and economic) and one-dimensional (financial) in predicting financial distress of companies and also comparing the predictive power of models with component analysis approach. It is the principle that using the post-event approach (through past information) is of the descriptive-correlation type and based on the objectives is also of the applied research type. Also, the statistical population and spatial scope of this research, listed companies and its time domain. Using the systematic removal method, 113 listed companies were selected as a sample. The results showed that the three-dimensional hybrid model (financial, economic, sustainability) has a high predictive power for helplessness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Hybrid PCA-ANFIS approach and Dove Swarm Optimization for predicting Financial Distress
sina Kheradyar Mohammad Hasan Gholizadeh Forough LotfiIn this study, an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is proposed for predicting the financial distress of companies. This system not only has the ability to adapt and learn, but also reduces the error, because it av MoreIn this study, an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is proposed for predicting the financial distress of companies. This system not only has the ability to adapt and learn, but also reduces the error, because it avoids additional parameters when input variables are too high. In order to confirm the effectiveness of this model, 181 listed companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange (905 companies-years) were selected by using systematic samples from 2011 to 2015, which 58 of those were distressed and 847 companies-years were healthy. These companies were randomly divided into two sets: a training set for designing model and a check set for validating the model. The results of the research show that the Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System based on Principal Component Analysis is capable for predicting the financial distress of companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange and when the proposed model is combined with Dove Swarm Optimization metaheuristic algorithm, Reducing the error value increases the accuracy of the model. Therefore, it can be seen that the use of a complementary algorithm can increase the predictability of the PCA-ANFIS model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Identifying the Dimentions and Components of Productivity Model (Sample Study: Principals of Secondary Schools in Lorestan Province)
Hojat Falahpuor Ebrahim Pourhosseini Shoja ArabanThe aim of this study was to identify the dimentions and components of productivity model of education managers in Lorestan province. This research has been done in terms of applied purpose and in terms of mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the dimentions and components of productivity model of education managers in Lorestan province. This research has been done in terms of applied purpose and in terms of mixed (qualitative and quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section included 12 experts and in the quantitative section all the principals of the secondary schools in Lorestan province were 411 people. To determine the qualitative sample size by theoretical saturation method and in the quantitative part, from Krejcie-Morgan table, 199 people (102 men and 97 women) were selected as a statistical sample by cluster random sampling method. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was assessed by professors and its reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha test and the value was 0.82. SPSS.26 software and lisrel structural equations were used for data analysis. The results of the qualitative section with Delphi panel showed that seven components of motivational factors, managerial factors, environmental factors, empowerment factors, acceptance factors, innovation factors and organizational factors and 62 indicators for principals ' productivity were identified. The results of structural equations also showed that the factor load is motivational factors 0.84, managerial factors 0.79, environmental factors 0.80, empowerment factors 0.72, acceptance factors 0.83, innovation factors 0.69 and organizational factors 0.85. Also, all the estimation indicators of the measurement model indicated a good fit of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Factor Analysis of Effective Factors in Creating a Competency Model for Principals for Entrepreneurial Schools
Marzieh Jamei Yadollah Mehralizadeh Nasrollah Ghashghaeizadeh Mohammad HosseinpourThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools. Its statistical population included school principals. The sample size was selected with Sample power 320 software. From the methodo MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools. Its statistical population included school principals. The sample size was selected with Sample power 320 software. From the methodological point of view, the method used is quantitative, which has been done using two approaches of factor analysis. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was designed and validated by the researcher based on the collective opinion of experts in the field and was selected. To obtain the validity of this questionnaire, in addition to content validity, the validity of the structure was obtained using the first stage confirmatory factor analysis. To determine the reliability of different sections, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, which was 0.86, which indicates the appropriateness of the research tool. SPSS23 and Smart PLS 2 software were used for statistical analysis of data. In order to identify the effective factors in creating a competency model for principals for entrepreneurial schools, type R factor analysis was used. The research results indicate that the fitted model of the research includes 13 components and factors (mission, vision, values, goals, communication network, organizational culture, personality traits, technical skills, human skills, perceptual skills, specialized competencies, Behavioral competencies (performance management) are effective in creating a model of principal competence for entrepreneurial schools. Also, the overall GOF index of the model fit was 0.534. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Preorder Relators and Generalized Topologies
H. Arianpoor -
Open Access Article
118 - Inverse eigenvalue problem for bordered diagonal matrices
S. Mashayekhi S. M. Karbassi S. A. Shahzadefazeli -
Open Access Article
119 - APPLICATION OF PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS IN SNOW MECHANICS
S. Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
120 - The Relationship between Self-efficacy and Effectiveness of Principals from the Perspective of Principals and Teachers of Secondary and High Schools (Case Study of Chamestan Region)
Nowruz Naiji Fareba Jahanshahi , Reza Youawfi Saeedabadi Kambiz EspahbadiThe present study seeks to identify the association between self-efficacy and effectiveness of secondary and high school principals. The type of study is applied and its method is descriptive. The population consisted of 483 principals and teachers of Chamestan region. MoreThe present study seeks to identify the association between self-efficacy and effectiveness of secondary and high school principals. The type of study is applied and its method is descriptive. The population consisted of 483 principals and teachers of Chamestan region. Following Morgan’s Table, a sample of 230 individuals was formed via simple random sampling. For measuring both self-efficacy and effectiveness a researcher-made questionnaire (Shalikar, 1999) with internal consistency of 0.77 using Cronbach’s alpha was employed. To analyze the data, in addition to descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, mode and median, inferential statistics including Pearson correlation was utilized. One of the most important findings of the study was that there is a significant and positive correlation between self-efficacy, self-belief, self-regulation, self-measurement and principals’ effectiveness. However, components of self-leadership had no significant association with effectiveness in either level. Also, self-excitement had no significant correlation with effectiveness in high school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - An Investigation into the Female Principals’ Lived Experiences Managerial Self-belief in Primary Schools: A Phenomenological Approach
sedigheh jamshidi aval syedeh khadijeh MoafimadaniThe present research was aimed at examining the female principals’ lived experiences managerial self-belief in primary schools. The method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The statistical population included female principals of primary schools in MoreThe present research was aimed at examining the female principals’ lived experiences managerial self-belief in primary schools. The method was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The statistical population included female principals of primary schools in Tonekabon. Through purposeful sampling, out of 28 senior female principals, 12 took part in semi-structured interviews t up to the limit of theoretical saturation. Qualitative data obtained from the interviews were analyzed with the seven-step Colaizzi method. Based on the coding results, 68 conceptual codes were extracted, which were clustered into 20 inferential themes, and finally 6 expanded themes showed female principals’ understanding and experience of the concept of managerial self-confidence, including sufficient and appropriate knowledge (9 components), experience (11 components), emotional and religious attitude (6 components), purposefulness and creativity (6 components), organizational environment quality (4 components) and trust in the experience of others (3 components). Examining the experiences of female principals showed that the role of managerial self-belief is to pave the way for principals who want to advance in a good, creative and different way in the usual conditions of the organizational environment and create new achievements in the field of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Presenting a Model of the Factors Affecting the Non-fulfillment of Organizational Commitments of School Principals in Kerman Province
amin mahmoudabadi ali yaghoubipoor mohammad montazeriOrganizational commitment is a continual process by which administrative staff believe in the values and goals of their organization and strive for them. Sometimes, they do not fulfill their commitment and as a result, underachievement, absenteeism, and irresponsibility MoreOrganizational commitment is a continual process by which administrative staff believe in the values and goals of their organization and strive for them. Sometimes, they do not fulfill their commitment and as a result, underachievement, absenteeism, and irresponsibility would arise. The aim of the present study is to offer a model for factors affecting non-fulfillment of organizational commitments among school principals of Kerman Province. This study was applied in purpose and mixed in method. The population in the qualitative part was education experts of Kerman province with management and policy-making experience 20 of whom were selected by purposeful sampling to reach theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, 153 out of 256 principals and vice-principals of the first and second secondary schools of Kerman province in the academic year of 2021-2022 were recruited following Cochran's formula, using multi-stage cluster sampling. A semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaire was estimated 0.61 using the average variance extracted, and its reliability was 0.95 and 0.86 using Cronbach's alpha and composite methods, respectively. Data were analyzed with open, axial and selective coding and structural equation modeling in SPSS-26 and PLS 3. Results showed that all the components of non-fulfilment of organizational commitments were identified and confirmed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Morphometric relationships of some species of the genus Rosa (Rosaceae) in Iran
Leila Mirzaei Leila JodiMultivariate analysis on morphological species Rosa L. in Iran. In total, 12 species were poured on quantitative and qualitative characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 18 different methods of multivariate statistical analysis, including c MoreMultivariate analysis on morphological species Rosa L. in Iran. In total, 12 species were poured on quantitative and qualitative characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 18 different methods of multivariate statistical analysis, including cluster analysis (Ward metod) and ordination (PCA) was used. Using the results of studies and morphological diagnostic characters obtained in the principal component analysis, two components were introduced in the first component, plant height and size and type of spine, has a high rate and positive traits. The classification of cluster analysis and principal component analysis was confirmed by the good traits and diversity of ROSA species based on similarities and differences have separated and morphological traits can identify and classify Rosa species of this genus have systematic application. MMMM MMM MMMM MM MKA SAK SP QO Q[PQ][PLKWQSKN WD SDL;ASl; KM JA KD NWJ DA LDL adS[ QPdk iw jeo ifhe wjdp ';lw p okw eidj ewjk dlw qwqkklk Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Evaluation of drought tolerance in some bread wheat genotypes using drought resistance
azadeh sheibanirad Ezatolah Farshadfar Abdolah NajafiThe aim of this study was to assessment of drought tolerance in genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For this purpose twenty genotypes were evaluated using randomized completely block design with three replications in both stress and non-stress conditions du MoreThe aim of this study was to assessment of drought tolerance in genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For this purpose twenty genotypes were evaluated using randomized completely block design with three replications in both stress and non-stress conditions during 2010-2011 growing season in the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah. Based on the potential (Yp) and stress (Ys) yields, fourteen quantitative criteria of drought tolerance including Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Tolerance Index (TOL), Stress Susceptibility index (SSI), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), drought resistance index (DI ), modified stress tolerance index (MSTI), Yield Index (YI), Yield Stability Index (YSI) and Harmonic Mean (HAM), stress non-stress production index(SNPI), abiotic tolerance index(ATI), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) were calculated for each genotype. The result of combined analysis of variance showed there were significant differences between genotypes for grain yield in both conditions. Result of correlation analysis between grain yield in both conditions with drought resistance indices showed that STI, GMP, MP, MSTI, HM, DI, YI and MSTI were the best indices for identifying high yielding genotypes in both conditions. Furthermore, results exhibited that STI and MP were the best indices among all evaluated indices for tolerant genotype identification. Based on these indices and biplot analysis, genotypes No. 4, 8, 16 and 19 comparatively identified as drought tolerant genotypes. 3D graphs, Bi-plot and cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed these results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Determining resistant wheat varieties to salinity stress with using multivariable statistical methods
younes dowlat abadi Hamid Najafi Zarini Gholamali Ranjbar Hadi Darzi RamandiIn this regard, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on different varieties of wheat was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Sari in 2015. The study was conducted in two separate experiments. the effec MoreIn this regard, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on different varieties of wheat was conducted at the Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Sari in 2015. The study was conducted in two separate experiments. the effect of three levels of salinity (0, 60 and 120 mM) on 117 varieties at germination stage was investigated and Using data from the first experiment, in second experiment the effects of four salinity levels (0, 60, 120, 180 mm) on 10 varieties at reproductive stage were studied. Both factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications. Using principal components analysis, 75.56 percent of germination traits by two components and 78.31 percent vegetative traits by three components were interpreted. The results showed that in the vegetative stage, pbt positive correlations between shoot dry weight, shoot length and root dry weight with the total dry weight and in reproductive stage a positive correlation between the total number of seeds and seed yield were observed. Some of the varieties that had high tolerance to salinity stress at germination stage in the growth phase weren't resistant to salinity. According to the results of this research, traits of root length, shoot length, root dry weight and shoot dry weight, are salt stress tolerance traits. Roshan zemestan, Aria and Chamran 2 varieties were identified as tolerant to salt stress and ghahte sarogh, keshe farahan and neyshabur varieties were sensitive to salinity stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province
mahsa fazel mohammad azimi masoud ahmadi mohammad Armin hasan hamidyTo evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province, a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted separately in two regions (Jovin and Torbet-Jam) in 2018-19.In the Jovein region, MoreTo evaluation and selection of different genotypes of sugar beet for winter cultivation in Razavi Khorasan province, a randomized complete block design with four replications was conducted separately in two regions (Jovin and Torbet-Jam) in 2018-19.In the Jovein region, 94.11 percent of the total variation in the data was explained by three components. Based on these findings, the characteristics of molasses sugar, sodium content, sugar extraction coefficient, and root yield are the most appropriate selection criteria for winter planting genotypes. Using Ward's method, cluster analysis revealed that the investigated genotypes were distributed into three clusters in both regions. FDIR19B3021 genotype in the first cluster of the Jovin region and FDIR19B4028 genotype in the Torbet-Jam region, SBSI-6 and SVZA2019-JD0402 genotypes in the second cluster as desirable genotypes for the Jovin and Torbet-Jam regions, and SVZA2019-JD0400 genotype in the third cluster. The Perfekta variety was selected as the Torbet-Jam representative for the Jovin region. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the genotypes used in the two regions are distinct, and that the increase in root impurities is a problem associated with winter cultivation, despite the fact that the root yield is maximized. The FDIR19B3021 genotype is recommended in the Jovin region, while the FDIR19B4028 genotype can be suggested in the Torbet-Jam region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Diversity of Nut and Seedling Characteristics and Its Relationship to Habitat Climate in Some Almond Species
Sama Rahimi Ali Gharaghani Saeid Eshghi -
Open Access Article
128 - The Study of Phenotypic Variation of ‘Shahrood ’ × ‘Shahrood ’ Population and their Comparison with the Parents using Morphological Markers
R. Tavakoli Banizi A. Imani M. Zeinalabedini M. Rasouli A. Ebrahimi S. Piri -
Open Access Article
129 - Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Household Risk Preparation in Iran
farzam sajjadieh moloud jafariIn this article, the analysis and calculation of the Household Risk Preparation in Iran during 2000-2021 was discussed. For this purpose, following Foa (2014), four main components of the said index, including the household's access to financial resources, social suppor MoreIn this article, the analysis and calculation of the Household Risk Preparation in Iran during 2000-2021 was discussed. For this purpose, following Foa (2014), four main components of the said index, including the household's access to financial resources, social support, human capital, and the economic capacity of the government, were considered. According to the conditions of Iran and the available data, Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) and the index of Strength of Legal Rights as components of household access to financial resources, the number of workers with wages and salaries and the amount of compensation payments to employees as components of social protection, average year Education and measles vaccination rate were considered as components of human capital, government debts and access to advanced health facilities as components of economic capacity of the government.The principal component analysis (PCA) method was used to weight the constituent components of the index. The results indicated that compensation payments to employees had the most weight and the number of workers with wages and salaries had the least weight in forming the index. Other variables affecting the index, in order of estimated weight, are Domestic credit to private sector, measles vaccination rate, the level of access to advanced health facilities, government debts, and the strength of legal rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The Study of Variation and Relationship between Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Red Clover (Trifolium Pratense L.) in Climate Conditions of Borugerd
S. Nakhjavan A. A. Jafari M. Kharatchi M. ShahverdiIn order to study genetic variation and heritability in fifteen cultivars of red clover in climate conditions of Broujerd an experiment in based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under irrigated conditions in Agriculture Researches Cente MoreIn order to study genetic variation and heritability in fifteen cultivars of red clover in climate conditions of Broujerd an experiment in based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications under irrigated conditions in Agriculture Researches Center and National Resources of Broujerd in 2013-2014 cropping year was carried out. The measured traits were including of dry and wet forage yield in three cuts, plant height, digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage (%CP),Water soluble carbohydrates (%WSC), insoluble fiber in acid percentage, crude fiber percentage (%CF) and ash percentage (%AH) in two cuts and ratio leaf to stem and regrowth rate in one cut. The qualitative traits were measured by near infrared reflectance (NIR) technology. The results of analysis of variance were indicated that differences between cuts for all traits and genotype effect and interaction genotype × cut for all traits except plant height and ash percentage were significant. Compare means, Duncan method were showed Chamran, Renova, Shahrecord and Reszti cultivars with range between 52 to 56 t.ha-1 wet forage and range of 17.3 to 18.3 t.ha-1 dry forage in general three cuts had the highest forage yield. In among them Renova and Shahrechord cultivars had the highest plant height and ratio leaf to stem, but Charmahal had high mean for qualitative traits including digestibility and total ash and low mean for ADF and %CP. low In other words, it had higher forage yield and quality. In comparison between means of cuts, the highest and lowest forage yield related to 1 and 3 cuts, respectively. Simple coefficients of correlation among forage yield with plant height and digestibility was positive and with ratio leaf to stem and soluble carbohydrates in water was negative and significant. Coefficients of correlation between digestibility and protein percentage were positive and significant and these traits had negative and significant correlation with soluble carbohydrates in water, percentage crude fiber and ADF. Results of principal components analysis (PCA) for 15 genotypes in 11 traits showed three first principal components explained 72% from total variation. In the first component, wet forage yield, digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage and soluble carbohydrate in water explained the highest variation. In the second component, plant height, insoluble fiber in acid, crude fiber percentage, total ash percentage had the highest vector coefficients. In the third component, dry forage yield with ratio leaf to stem had negative correlation. In cluster analysis base on the ward's method 15 genotypes of red clover for 11 traits placed in three clusters. Shahrod and Renova Cultivars placed in cluster number 3, and had high forage yield and medium digestibility percentage, crude protein percentage and soluble carbohydrates in water. In contrast, cultivars placed in cluster number 2, had medium yield but better quality. Cultivars placed in cluster number 1 had lower values for quantitative and qualitative traits. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Identifying Anthropogenic Factors of Groundwater Pollution through Students’ Opinion in Rural West Bengal
Archan Mitra Biplab Chowdhury -
Open Access Article
132 - The use of multivariate statistical methods for the classification of groundwater quality: a case study of aqueducts in the east of Tehran, Iran
Mina Mackialeagha Mohammad Bagher Salarian Azita Behbahaninia -
Open Access Article
133 - Evaluation of some cultivars and ecotypes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) for agronomic, morphological and qualitative traits
Shohreh Aghamohamadhosein tajrishi Khodadad Mostafavi Vida GhotbiThis study was performed to evaluate and compare quantitative and qualitative forage yield of Iranian and foreign alfalfa cultivars and ecotypes as well as correlation between traits and genetic variation among them. Therefore, 12 cultivars and ecotypes of alfalfa were MoreThis study was performed to evaluate and compare quantitative and qualitative forage yield of Iranian and foreign alfalfa cultivars and ecotypes as well as correlation between traits and genetic variation among them. Therefore, 12 cultivars and ecotypes of alfalfa were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at research field of Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran for two years 2016-2017. The results showed significant differences for forage yield, agronomic traits and forage quality. Significant interactions of year × ecotype was observed for fresh forage yield and total dry forage yields and also plant height. Among the studied ecotypes, the ecotypes Mohajeran, Malekkandi and Ghahavand indicted the highest fresh and dry forage yield. The results of simple correlation showed that the highest positive and significant correlation between fresh and dry forage yield (0.98). Principal component analysis showed that 74% of the total variance was justified by the first two components. Results of cluster analysis divided the studied genotypes into three groups. In the first group, the ecotypes of Ghahavand, Mohajeran and Malekandi were considered to be the best in terms of forage yield, while in the second group they were Chaleshtar, Legend and Sequel were best for forage quality. In the third group, the other cultivars were classified as having average forage yield and quality Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Designing the level five leadership model in primary schools: Case study, West Azerbaijan province
Behkam Mostafavi Ghushchi Jafar Ghahramani Mohammad HassaniAbstract Purpose: Leadership is a key element for the success of all organizations. For this reason, the purpose of this research was to design a level five leadership model in elementary schools of West Azerbaijan Province. Method: The research design was qualitative MoreAbstract Purpose: Leadership is a key element for the success of all organizations. For this reason, the purpose of this research was to design a level five leadership model in elementary schools of West Azerbaijan Province. Method: The research design was qualitative. The participants of the current research, principals of primary schools and professors of educational management were teaching in universities of West Azerbaijan province, with a purposeful sampling approach of 20 principals of primary schools and university professors to identify their perceptions and views on level five leadership were chosen. The selection of participants was based on theoretical saturation and the tools used to collect information from semi-structured interviews. To check the initial validity of the information, the criteria of acceptability and reliability of qualitative data were used. Data analysis was done using the theme analysis method and MAXQDA 2020 software. Findings: The findings showed that the level five leadership conceptual model consists of 1 dimension and 5 components (personal characteristics, culture of discipline, leadership skills, professional development of teachers, high social relations). Conclusion: The findings of this research show that the level five leadership model in primary schools of West Azerbaijan province can help the principals of these schools to implement the mentioned model in their schools and in this way they can improve their schools from good to great. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Characteristics of leadership styles of school principals
Alireza Shabani Javad Soleymanpoor Ali KhalkhaliToday, the sensitivity of the leadership in Education and Training and also in schools at various levels has become an increasingly evident issue. This study aimed to determine the elements and characteristics of leadership styles for school principals. For this purpose MoreToday, the sensitivity of the leadership in Education and Training and also in schools at various levels has become an increasingly evident issue. This study aimed to determine the elements and characteristics of leadership styles for school principals. For this purpose, first the theoretical literature review was examined, then the components of leadership style were extracted and the effective elements were determined through examining the experts and making the necessary corrections.The statistical population of the study consisted of all principals, teachers and deputies of Tehran schools and 500 people were determined using the Cochran's formula. The components were analyzed by a researcher-made questionnaire and analyzed by regression test and SPSS software. According to the results, the effect of each component of the leadership style of school principals was determined; however, among the components, the effect of transformational and reformist style, supportive style, goal-orientation, and satisfaction were more than the other ones. It could be concluded that there are various leadership styles for the school principals and the implementation of any leadership style, apart from being relevant to the needs of the school and the upstream organization, depends more on the characteristics of school principals. It is believed that the application of useful leadership styles by school principles, although necessary, requires its own conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Identifying the factors affecting the professional ethics of primary school principals in Lorestan province
Nazanin Zadehmoradian Ebrahim Poorhoseini Shoja ArabanThis study aimed to propose the professional ethics patterns of principals of elementary schools. Research method was conducted using a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and it was an applied study in terms of objective. In the qualitative step, participants (including 1 MoreThis study aimed to propose the professional ethics patterns of principals of elementary schools. Research method was conducted using a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) and it was an applied study in terms of objective. In the qualitative step, participants (including 16 experts in the relevant context) were chosen using the purposive sampling method, and they filled out the questionnaires three times based on Delphi Method. In the quantitative step, the statistical population comprised all principals (N=2366) of elementary schools of Education Organization in Lorestan over the academic year of 2019-2020. Using Morgan Table, 330 subjects were chosen based on multistage cluster sampling. As a research instrument, a questionnaire was used considering the qualitative findings including three dimensions, nine components, and 81 indicators. Descriptive and inferential statistics (structural equations) were used through SPSS22 and Lisrel software to analyze data. Findings indicated that there are 3 dimensions and 9 main components in the case of principals' professional ethics: 1) individual dimension (personal, occupational/professional, and emotional characteristics) 2) intra-organizational dimension (management and leadership, ethics strategies, professional capabilities, and task factors) 3) extra-organizational dimension (social and cultural factors). Results: Results of structural equation modeling (SEM) showed among triple dimensions of principals' professional ethics, intra-organizational (with a path coefficient of 0.87) had the highest impact on the professional ethics model. Among components, task factors (0.87), occupational features (0.85), and cultural factors (0.82) had the highest impact on the professional ethics model, respectively. The proposed patterns can be used as a guideline for educational management planners at the macro- and micro-levels to rank dimensions and components of principals' professional ethics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Identifying the Components of Psychological Empowerment in School Principals of Mashhad Education and Training Office
Hossein Fazayeli Ali Maghool Ahmad Akbari Hamid RezaiefarPsychological empowerment of Education and Training principals and the implementation of its related programs is one of the most important tools for creating transformation in educational system which can directly or indirectly increase productivity and human resource d MorePsychological empowerment of Education and Training principals and the implementation of its related programs is one of the most important tools for creating transformation in educational system which can directly or indirectly increase productivity and human resource development. The scientific model of this paper is based on qualitative interviews with principals and education elites, and the sampling method was purposive and snowball sampling types. Eventually, by referring to experts, 18 qualitative interviews were conducted using Grounded Theory technique to identify psychological empowerment components in Mashhad Education and Training principals. The importance and necessity of every single component of the extracted psychological empowerment model was investigated. The research was analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The results of the study indicated that the total number of nodes (non-repetitive codes) was 140 which were synthesized through conceptual similarities and 124 nodes (common codes) were extracted on the basis of the researchers' intuition and understanding of the subject. They were categorized as tree nodes considering their commonality in terms of the two main components of the structural and managerial approaches and the existing 10 sub-components. In the following pages, the main and sub-components of the psychological empowerment of school principals of Mashhad Education and Training Office have been expressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Investigating the nature of lived experience of managers in Iranian education
Zahra Etehad Javad Soleymanpoor Ali KhalkhaliThis study examines the nature of the lived experience of the principals in the schools of the ministry of education in Iran. Appreciating the experience of the principals in the management of schools will open a new horizon for educational administration on which the c MoreThis study examines the nature of the lived experience of the principals in the schools of the ministry of education in Iran. Appreciating the experience of the principals in the management of schools will open a new horizon for educational administration on which the conceptual model of educational administration, policies, and strategic and operational programs will be developed by managers of organization. This research is qualitative that have been done with the phenomenological method of lived experience. The data collection method was semi-structured; each interview lasted between 30 and 45 minutes. Nonprobability and purposive sampling by snowball method and saturation rule was applied for this research through interviews with 8 school principals. This study examines the narratives of a number of exceptional school principals and their lived experiences during their administration. The research in question is narrative and is considered qualitative and interpretive research. The source of the data in this study is the lived experience of these eight managers during their management period. Data analysis showed that exceptional school principals with high managerial ability possess thorough knowledge about the distinctive qualities of exceptional students compared with ordinary students. Developing some positive personal traits and using their managerial experiences would render them into capable and competent principals for exceptional schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Providing and Validating a Competency Model for Principals of Entrepreneurial Schools
Marzieh Jamei Yadollah Mehralizade Nasrollah Ghashghaeizadeh Mohammad HosseinpourThe purpose of this study was to present and validate the competency model for principals of entrepreneurial schools. The method of the present study was integrated (qualitative-quantitative) and applied in terms of purpose. In the qualitative part, the participants inc MoreThe purpose of this study was to present and validate the competency model for principals of entrepreneurial schools. The method of the present study was integrated (qualitative-quantitative) and applied in terms of purpose. In the qualitative part, the participants included some experts and school principals in the field of entrepreneurship. Based on the principle of theoretical saturation, 8 people were selected and interviewed by purposive sampling. In the quantitative part of the research, the respondents included school principals. Sample size was selected with Sample power 320 software. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was designed based on the qualitative results of the first stage of the research. Based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the reliability was estimated 0.86. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the coding method was used and in the quantitative part, the structural equation method with the Smart Pls approach was used. Findings showed that causal conditions (vision, goals, mission, and values) have a significant relationship with the competence of entrepreneurial school principals; (T values equal to 0.075, 3.892, 2.153 and 2.888, respectively), background conditions (network communication and organizational culture) affect the competence of school principals (T value equal to 2.114 and 2.628), interventionist conditions (personality traits) affect the competence of entrepreneurial school principals (T value 3.310), background conditions (communication network) And organizational culture) affected strategies (T value equal to 2.805 and 3.048), interventionist conditions (personality traits) affected strategies (T value equal to 7.588), and strategies affected performance management (T value equal to 318/18). Also, the overall GOF index of the fitting model was 0.534. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Identifying the factors affecting professional development among secondary school principals in North Khorasan Province
Morteza َAkhari Maryam Taghvaei Saeed Safarian HamedaniThe present study aimed to develop and validate a professional development model for high-school principals. This was an applied and cross-sectional research in terms of objective and time, respectively, and had a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The partici MoreThe present study aimed to develop and validate a professional development model for high-school principals. This was an applied and cross-sectional research in terms of objective and time, respectively, and had a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative). The participants in the qualitative section included 22 experts related to the research topic in North Khorasan Province, selected by purposive sampling. Data obtained from semi-structured interviews were coded and their validity and reliability were approved based on the experts' and participants’ opinions and the agreement coefficient (CVR=0.87), respectively. The statistical population in the quantitative section included 1957 high-school principals in various academic semesters during 2019-2020, 322 of whom were selected by cluster sampling based on Morgan’s Table. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed based on professors’ opinions and its reliability was approved at a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.88. From the perspective of the experts, the six dimensions of professional development included educational leadership, strategic leadership, communication management, organizational management, and ethical leadership, professional development and 14 components were management on learning and teaching, creating a favorable learning environment, curriculum evaluation, vision drawing, continuous improvement of schools, effective communication, relationship with stakeholders, operations management, resource management, individual and team leadership, professional ethics, principles, and Islamic ethical norms, development of their profession and development of human resources profession Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Factor analysis of the efficiency model of educational leadership patterns among school principals (Case study: elementary principals of Masjid Sulaiman city)
Parvaneh Nazapour Samsami Farank Omidian Karim SavariThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the factorial model of the effectiveness of educational leadership patterns among school principals (case study: elementary school principals of Masjid Suleiman). The present research method was descriptive-quantitative MoreThe purpose of the current research was to analyze the factorial model of the effectiveness of educational leadership patterns among school principals (case study: elementary school principals of Masjid Suleiman). The present research method was descriptive-quantitative and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research was all the professors, experts, experts, managers and educational leaders of the Department of Education of Masjid Suleiman city, numbering 201 people. To determine the sample size, Morgan's table was used and 130 people were selected as the statistical sample size. The random sampling method was simple. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on qualitative findings. To analyze the data, a one-group t-test was used to compare the respondents' answers to each of the research questions using SPSS software. In the next part, confirmatory factor analysis method was used to validate the model using structural equation approach in Smart PLS software. The findings showed that the efficiency model of educational leadership models of schools was tested using PLS software and its validity was confirmed. The results of the first-order factor analysis of the dimensions of the efficiency model of educational leadership models showed that all the items (components) have a suitable factor load on the related variable and these factor loads are significant according to the t score at the 0.01 level. In other words, the t value corresponding to each factor load is greater than its critical value, i.e. 2.58 at the 0.01 level. As a result, it can be said that these gauges have the necessary accuracy to measure their respective structures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - The relationship between principals ethical behavior and teachers and personnel’s’ organizational citizenship behavior in Garmsar schools
Nader SoleimaniAbstract The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between principals ethical behavior and teachers and personnel’s’ organizational citizenship behavior. The study used the descriptive (correlation) method of data collection. MoreAbstract The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between principals ethical behavior and teachers and personnel’s’ organizational citizenship behavior. The study used the descriptive (correlation) method of data collection. The participants in this study were 587 staffs (teacher =500, officer=87) at school in Garmsar city. Two instruments were used to collect data. Principals’ ethicism was measured by one self-designed questionnaire based on four dimensions; utilitarianism ethics , rule ethics , social ethics, personalistic ethics (Latbetter, 2005). The teacher and personnel’s organizational citizenship behavior measured by another self-designed questionnaire based on Morgan (1991). The data were analyzed by using the Pearson product – moment correlation technique and multiple regressions. The major findings were as follows: 1) A significantly positive relationship was found between total principals’ ethicism and teachers and personnel’s’ organizational citizenship behavior 2) A significantly positive relationship was found between four dimensions of administrators’ ethicism (Utilitarianism , Rule, Social, Personalistic) and teachers and personnel’s’ organizational citizenship behavior 3) The multiple regression analysis indicated that administrators’ social ethic behavior and utilitarianism ethics behavior are significant predictors of organizational citizenship behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Nvestigate the relationship between attitudes to innovation managers on organizational learning in school districts Rey
S. M. Mirkamali Mitra Ezati Sedigheh NaseriAbstract the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between managers' attitudes to innovation and organizational learning in the school area was a Rey. The research method was descriptive and statistical population included all school principals Rey were MoreAbstract the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between managers' attitudes to innovation and organizational learning in the school area was a Rey. The research method was descriptive and statistical population included all school principals Rey were in the 95-94 school year (138). Census method was used to determine the sample size of 138 people was chosen. Data collection based on the scale of attitude towards change and organizational learning that they Cronbach's alpha coefficients were obtained 0.86 & 0.83 respectively. The validity of the questionnaire, the content validity was used. Data analysis was performed using spss software version 22. The results showed that attitudes to innovation management and organizational learning in school districts is an above average Rey And the attitude of managers to innovate with organizational learning and positive relationships are significant at the 0.01 level. The results also showed that among the three dimensions of innovation management, organizational learning innovation explain the behavioral attitudes But two dimensions of cognitive, affective attitude is not a bad predictor for organizational learning schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Comparing of teacher's job satisfaction based on principal’s educational power bases in primary schools of Tabriz district 4 in the school year 94-95.
Majid M. Ahmadlu Somayeh RostamiAbstract This study compares the primary teachers' job satisfaction District 4 Tabriz based on power bases deals with school principals. In terms of purpose, applied research, in terms of research methods, descriptive survey, and the method of data collection is field. MoreAbstract This study compares the primary teachers' job satisfaction District 4 Tabriz based on power bases deals with school principals. In terms of purpose, applied research, in terms of research methods, descriptive survey, and the method of data collection is field. The statistical population included all primary teachers Department of Education District 4 Tabriz is 701 the number of persons. To determine the sample size, Morgan table was used that was equal to 248 and for the selection of respondents, the simple random sampling method was used. Of the 248 questionnaires distributed, 239 were returned completed questionnaires and analysis was performed based on them. To collect the required data, Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire and hinkin and schriesheim power bases questionnaire were used. SPSS software for data analysis and one-way analysis of variance was used. The result show that job satisfaction average of teachers is different based on school principal’s different bases of power. LSD test results showed that the mean difference in job satisfaction rewarded with an average job satisfaction based on expert power source is different. The average job satisfaction based on coercion power supply with power supplies and specialized law differently. Average job satisfaction, according to a power law with an average job satisfaction based on source power supply authority is different but not different with other sources. The result is another clear difference of job satisfaction based on power supply authority and expertise Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Dimensions of the effectiveness model of in-service training for primary school principals in Hormozgan province
اسماعیل هاشمی پورپتکوئی abass khorshidi کامران محمدخانی amir hossein mohammad davoudi Fattah NazemThe present study was conducted with the aim of measuring the effectiveness of in-service training model for primary school principals in Hormozgan province. The research was qualitative. The statistical population included experts in the field of education, including u MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of measuring the effectiveness of in-service training model for primary school principals in Hormozgan province. The research was qualitative. The statistical population included experts in the field of education, including university professors and directors of education. A total of 29 people were selected as the sample by targeted snowball sampling method. The data collection tools in the qualitative section were a review of relevant national and international documents as well as a semi-structured exploratory interview. Data classification was performed by data base and coding methods (open, axial and selective). In the qualitative part to determine the internal validity (validity) of the findings, in addition to the data were selected and confirmed by studying the theoretical foundations, research background, sources, interviews with focal people, the opinions and guidelines of a group of experts were taken into account. The final adjustment was made. In order to confirm the accuracy of the data, the validity of the study was used by the research members. Findings of the study indicated that the dimensions of the effectiveness model of in-service training for primary school principals in Hormozgan province were dimensions such as learner, content, readiness, teacher, practice, evaluation, environment, executive requirements, evaluation of results and organization and management. The general results of the research showed that dimensions such as learner, content, readiness, teacher, practice, evaluation, environment, executive requirements, evaluation of results and organization and management affected the in-service training of managers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Presenting a model for promoting the professional ethics of high school principals in Tehran
Shahrbanoo Habibi Amirhosin Mohamad Davoudi Kamran MohammadkhaniThe purpose of this study was to present a model for promoting the professional ethics of high school principals in Tehran. The method of conducting research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, th MoreThe purpose of this study was to present a model for promoting the professional ethics of high school principals in Tehran. The method of conducting research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In order to conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the dimensions and components. The statistical population in this study were all experts in the field of educational management and higher education management, which was conducted after 25 theoretical saturation interviews. Finally, 5 dimensions, 19 components and 83 indicators were identified. Validity was obtained through 4 experts and by two colleagues and reliability of the Copa formula (0.633). The structural equation method of smartpls3 software was used to draw the model. The results showed that socio-cultural dimensions (0.668), educational attention (0.574), behavioral factors (0.567), organizational (0.446) and individual (0.345) were the most important in the professional ethics promotion model of high school principals in Tehran, respectively. The validity of the model was evaluated with 5 dimensions (philosophy and goals, implementation steps, executive mechanism, theoretical foundations and feedback, correction and re-engineering) which showed high validity of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Explain and examine the causal model of systemic thinking of primary school principals
khavar garedingeh Abolfazl Qasemzadeh Alishahi Sadegh Maleki AvarsinOne way to empower school principals to overcome the complexities of schools and make effective decisions to solve problems in a dynamic environment is to develop systemic thinking among school principals. The purpose of this research is to explain and evaluate the ante MoreOne way to empower school principals to overcome the complexities of schools and make effective decisions to solve problems in a dynamic environment is to develop systemic thinking among school principals. The purpose of this research is to explain and evaluate the antecedents and consequences of systematic thinking of primary school principals. This research is a type of quantitative research. The statistical population of the study is primary school principals in East Azarbaijan, West Azerbaijan, Ardabil and Zanjan provinces. Using stratified random sampling, 385 items were selected and a questionnaire was completed. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated and confirmed as content validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha. Research data analysis was performed from structural equation modeling in SMART PLS software. The results of structural equation modeling analysis indicate that the antecedents of organizational culture and environment, school principals' thinking direction, evaluation system and rules and regulations, management and decision making system, individual and participatory learning, role model and promotion of systems thinking, educational leadership and managerial experience It has a positive and significant effect on the systemic thinking of primary school principals. Systematic thinking also has a positive and significant effect on the consequences of improving organizational commitment, increasing stakeholder satisfaction, improving performance and productivity, improving expertise and skills, promoting cooperation and participation, creating peace and spirit, creating a learning organization, comprehensive and strategic solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Identification of components and indicators model for developing spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools)
reyhaneh davariAbstract The purpose of this study was to Identifying the components and indicators of the spiritual leadership development model for the development of spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools). The research method was quantitative. The stu MoreAbstract The purpose of this study was to Identifying the components and indicators of the spiritual leadership development model for the development of spiritual leadership in school principals (Case study: Tehran schools). The research method was quantitative. The study population consisted of all professors, staff, managers and specialists in secondary education in Tehran. The number of samples was selected using Cochran's formula of 369 principals and deputies of secondary education in Tehran. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential methods using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS software. The results showed that ten components are involved in explaining the model for spiritual leadership in the second secondary education principals of Tehran, which are: Individual dimension - love component to altruism, individual dimension - faith component, individual dimension - sincerity component, individual dimension - resurrection component, individual dimension - trust component, organizational dimension - vision component, organizational dimension - organizational commitment component, organizational dimension - Organizational membership component, organizational dimension - performance feedback component, and finally organizational dimension - content literacy (job attractiveness). Determination coefficient and adjusted determination coefficient; Indicates the proper fit of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Presenting the professional identity model of secondary school principals based on learning culture and the mediating role of professional development
Javad Bagheri Asl رفیق حسنی فردین عبداللهیAbstract The aim of the present research was to present the professional identity model of secondary school principals based on learning culture and the mediating role of professional development. This applied research and descriptive method of correlation is of th MoreAbstract The aim of the present research was to present the professional identity model of secondary school principals based on learning culture and the mediating role of professional development. This applied research and descriptive method of correlation is of the type of causal modeling (structural equation modeling). The statistical population in the quantitative section was all principals of secondary schools in Kermanshah city, who were selected by available sampling. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire of professional identity and two standard questionnaires of learning culture and professional development were used. The validity of the content and instruments of the questionnaires, the verification and reliability of the questionnaires were obtained as 0.89, 0.79 and 0.83, respectively. The findings showed that learning culture has a positive and direct effect on professional identity with a beta coefficient (β = 0.552) at a significant level (P>0.05); Professional development has a positive and direct effect on professional identity with a beta coefficient (β = 0.324) at a significant level (P>0.05); Learning culture has a positive and direct effect on professional development with a beta coefficient (β = 0.553) at a significant level (P>0.05); Also, the learning culture has an effect on professional identity with the beta coefficient (β = 0.194) at a significant level (P>0.05) through the mediating role of professional development. Thus, it can be concluded that the source of managers' influence is their professional identity; The use of this model enables the leaders of the educational system to hire more competent, efficient and effective people to accept serious responsibility and The fateful choice of secondary school management. Also, reflecting on the professional identity causes the personal development and professionalization of managers and enables them to clarify their professional goals and how to achieve them and influence the shaping of their career path. Keyword: Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Genetic variation and inter-relationship between morphological characteristics and grain yield in advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars using multivariate analysis
Mina Sarabi alireza tarinejad varahram rashidi rahim alimohammadiGenetic diversity of 30 varieties of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch in 2009. All ag MoreGenetic diversity of 30 varieties of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied. A field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch in 2009. All agronomic practices were carried out by current procedure. Nineteen traits included days to germination, stem elongation, heading, physiologic maturity, ripening, awn length, leaf number main stem, flag leaf area, penultimate flag leaf area, plant height, peduncle length, number of spike/m2, grain numbers/spike, 1000 grains weight, biologic yield, harvest index, grain filling period, straw yield and grain yield were measured. Data were analyzed using multivariate techniques like principle components, stepwise regression and cluster approaches. Principal components analysis showed that first and second components could explain a 75.51% of total variations. Based on the characteristics in the first and second components, first components were considered for yield and the second one for phonology traits. Stepwise regression analysis for grain yield as a dependant variable and other characters as independents revealed that grain number/ spike, spike/ m2, plant height and main spike length could explain 98.7% of the variations. Finally, examined variety were grouped in three clusters and the third cluster contained 23.3% of total variations which presented higher grain yield than the first and second groups. According to the results obtained in this study, N-76-16 line could be introduced as a high-performance genotype and would have advantages in the breeding programs. Manuscript profile
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