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Open Access Article
1 - The Effect of Critical Thinking Instruction on Students' Achievement
A. Khalkhali M. SadooghiThe single direct way to succeed in teaching/learning methods is whether or not circumstances that provide abetter thinking condition are taken in to account (Dewey, 1946). Critical thinking is that mode of thinkingaboutany subject, content, or problem - in which the th MoreThe single direct way to succeed in teaching/learning methods is whether or not circumstances that provide abetter thinking condition are taken in to account (Dewey, 1946). Critical thinking is that mode of thinkingaboutany subject, content, or problem - in which the thinker improves the quality of his or her thinking byskillfully analyzing, assessing, and reconstructing it (Paul et al, 1997).Teaching "critical reading" should be at the core of any discussion of critical thinking (carr, 1990). The studywith consideration to this hypothesis that, "critical thinking instruction affects on students' achievement" ,presents a model in order to students' critical thinking assessment and studies on the effect of critical thinkinginstruction on students' achievement. Thus following hypothesizes are formed:Main hypothesis:critical thinking instruction affect on students' achievement.Derivative hypothesises:1. the quantity of effecting critical thinking instruction on students' achievement is different, regarding theirmajor field of study.2. the quantity of effecting critical thinking instruction on students' achievement is different, regarding totheir gender.3. critical thinking instruction increases students critical thinking.On the basis of topic and purpose, this study is an applied one, while it is an experimental study regardingthe procedures of data collection. In order to make the subjects of the study homogenous, a pretest-posttestdesign with a control group was used. The population of the study, includes conditioned students (those withterm average score of less than 12 [ out of 20]). Studying in the first semester of the educational calendar2005-06 in the Islamic Azad university at Tonekabon. They are studying science and humanities withvarious majors. The frequency of the population includes 485 conditioned students, from among whom 63were randomly selected as samples, using the formula 2 2 22 2. .. . .N d t sN t sR+= .30 were assigned into the experimental and 30 others, were also assigned into the control group of the study.The experimental group was divided into two sub-groups of 15 subjects: one sub-group was instructedcritical thinking and the other was instructed on unrelated topic (time management). The control group wasassigned to ordinary instruction. After the administration of the pretest and posttest, the subjects' scores incritical thinking were determined; meanwhile, their semesters average scores were taken from universityeducational office. Then the hypotheses of the study were analyzed in descriptive statistics (Mean,percentage, tables and chart) and in inferential statistics (using the spss software, T-test, Tuki and the onewayANOVA). The findings, show that first: teaching critical thinking instruction with the method presentedin the study will increase students critical thinking. Second: there is a significant relationship between criticalthinking and students' achievement: teaching critical thinking will increase students' achievement, and third,no significant difference was found in the degree of effect form critical thinking instruction on students'achievement, taking variables such as "major of study" and "gender" into consideration Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Cognitive Skills Critical Thinking in Social Networking Users (Case Study Social Telegram Network)
Sayyid Nosrat allah Nemati Far Seyed Ali Mohammad RazaviThe purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive skills of social network users in the social network of telegrams. The present study was applied in a descriptive-survey method. The statistical community consists of users of the undergraduate telegram network. In MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive skills of social network users in the social network of telegrams. The present study was applied in a descriptive-survey method. The statistical community consists of users of the undergraduate telegram network. In this research, using a randomized sampling method, 550 users responded to the questionnaire. For collecting information, 24 questions were used by the researcher on the cognitive skills of critical thinking. Data analysis is done in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS / 21 software. The results showed that the average cognitive skills among men are more than women. Also, the average of six subjective cognitive skills of critical thinking among users has been reported, respectively, analysis, self-regulation, interpretation, evaluation, explanation and inference. Among other results, there was a significant difference between the level of education of users and the use of cognitive skills of critical thinking, and there was a significant relationship between the use of telegram network and the use of cognitive skills of critical thinking. In addition, according to the regression test, the variable of education has a positive effect and the amount of use of the social networking telegram has a negative effect on the cognitive skills of users' critical thinking Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The impact of media literacy education thinking skills Eight high school students in the city of Orumiyeh critical
رقیه علیزاده جواد عبدلی زهرا حدادThe main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of media literacy education the critical thinking skills of secondary school students in the city of Orumiyeh is eighth base. Methods of testing with pre-test and post-test with control group, the population also MoreThe main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of media literacy education the critical thinking skills of secondary school students in the city of Orumiyeh is eighth base. Methods of testing with pre-test and post-test with control group, the population also includes all the basic branches of the eighth high school female students in the city of Orumiyeh.For the purposes of this study, the multi-stage cluster sampling, two classes of 16 people selected randomly one class as the experimental group and the control group were the other class. The pre-test for both groups, media literacy test case for trial was conducted by the researcher. After completion of 8 training session, again following tools as post-test, the subjects were administered. To measure the dependent variable, the California Critical Thinking Inventory (CCTST) was used. To analyze the data from the single-factor analysis of covariance (Nkva) was used. The results showed that media literacy instruction in five critical thinking skills (analysis, inference, evaluation, induction and analogy) among students has been effective Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Proposing a role model of accounting obligations in companies accepted in Tehran stock exchange relying on critical financial knowledge
re مظفری Mohammad Reza Pourali mahmood samadi سیدفخرالدبن فخرحسینیPaying attention to the principles and requirements of accounting in stock exchange companies is one of the distinguishing components from the perspective of financial knowledge, which helps company managers to make favorable and strategic decisions in order to achieve MorePaying attention to the principles and requirements of accounting in stock exchange companies is one of the distinguishing components from the perspective of financial knowledge, which helps company managers to make favorable and strategic decisions in order to achieve goals in accordance with professional ethics and attention. It is based on the principles of guidance and guidance, but the inclusion of requirements and principles that can raise the level of expectations of the stakeholders can bring this type of accounting to the desired results, relying on the principles of critical thinking that seeks persuasion and transparency. Financialization among the stakeholders includes the shareholders and customers of the companies; it is a suitable foundation and foundation for this, with the reviews of the researches related to the accounting requirements in the companies, paying attention to the role of knowledge. Critical finance has been neglected, for this purpose, in this article, this research gap is investigated and the factors affecting the accounting requirements in Tehran Stock Exchange companies are identified based on the principles of critical thinking, based on the opinions 15 experts, who have doctorate education with at least 20 years of experience, were selected as a purposeful and accessible sampling, in the form of a theoretical paradigm model. The foundation is provided. The results of the research showed that in the section of causal factors including the development of exchanges and communications, corporate governance and systematic approach, central factors include the promotion of strategic approach, strengthening of management indicators and critical principles, and underlying factors including the management of stakeholders and intervening factors including environmental conditions. In addition, the strategies include the development of social responsibility, strategic needs assessment, partial acceptability and partial legitimacy, and the resulting factors include the systematic development of financial indicators and the increasing growth of market share. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Critical Thinking Model of Bank Mellat Employees Based On Internal Marketing Components
Karim Esgandari negin mirab khanbaghi Shadi Orafaye Jamshidi Ahmad FathiAbdullahiThe purpose of this research is the critical thinking model of Bank Mellat employees based on internal marketing components. The present research is practical in terms of purpose and survey in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is the employees MoreThe purpose of this research is the critical thinking model of Bank Mellat employees based on internal marketing components. The present research is practical in terms of purpose and survey in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is the employees of Mellat Bank of East Azerbaijan province. According to the information received from Bank Mellat, their number is 750 people during the period of research. The size of the statistical sample is estimated to be 250 people based on Cochran's formula. A stratified random sampling method was used to select the statistical sample from the statistical population. The data collection tool in the current research is a researcher-made questionnaire in such a way that the dimensions of the research variables were indexed and turned into questionnaire questions. Cronbach's alpha test was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire and the face validity method was used to measure the validity of the questionnaire. Which was given to the statistical sample after measuring its validity and reliability. After collecting the questionnaires, the obtained information was summarized and classified using descriptive statistical methods, and in order to answer the research questions, Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression were used in SPSS software. Research findings show that critical thinking skills include dimensions (cognitive skills, analytical skills, questioning skills, scientific and research skills, planning skills, interactive skills, flexibility and innovation skills, skills emotional skills, decision-making skills, judgment skills) and internal marketing including dimensions (customer orientation, employee empowerment, employee motivation and satisfaction, internal communication, training and development, explaining a clear vision, reward and encouragement, job security, information sharing , reducing the class gap among employees). The results show that the presented model is approved by the statistical community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Presenting Pattern of Global Management Accounting Based on Critical Thinking
Mona Abednazari Ferydoon Rahnamay Roodroshti Hashem Nikoomaram Zahra PoorzamaniThe aim of the present study was to develop a model for global management accounting principles based on a critical approach. To this end, four principles of relevance, influence, value, and trust were considered as the global management accounting principles and the fa MoreThe aim of the present study was to develop a model for global management accounting principles based on a critical approach. To this end, four principles of relevance, influence, value, and trust were considered as the global management accounting principles and the factors affecting these principles and their outcomes were examined. The research hypotheses were developed based on structural, theoretical, and applied frameworks based on the critical paradigm. The collected data were analyzed by using structural equation modeling and, finally, a model with good fit was extracted. The results of the study suggested that the current position of management accounting is not convincing in theory and practice (based on critical thinking), and the global management accounting principles need to be taken into account in all structural and practical domains for the development of management accounting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Ranking components of critical thinking in accounting education and profession using multi-criteria ranking algorithm (MCRA)
makijeh nazemizadeh Forough Heirany Mahmoud moeinadin seyyed hasan Hatami nasabThe present study aims ranking components of critical thinking from viewpoint of accounting professors and employers (financial managers) in accounting education and profession. For this reason, a questionnaire containing components of critical thinking was provided to MoreThe present study aims ranking components of critical thinking from viewpoint of accounting professors and employers (financial managers) in accounting education and profession. For this reason, a questionnaire containing components of critical thinking was provided to experts, professors and employers and priority of each component from the viewpoint of two groups of experts was determined using multi-criteria ranking algorithm. The present study was conducted in 2020 and 2021. The research results show that experts of professors consider the analysis component to have the highest rank, the experts of employers, whereas, prioritized as their third inference. Reasoning, personality features and mental characteristics are not one of the last priorities of employers and from the viewpoint of professors, they do not have a high rank, and interpretation and translation components, attitude and readiness and personal characteristics are almost close to each other in viewpoints of two groups of experts and differed by only one rank difference between the two groups. The most significant contrast in this ranking comparison concerns the inference component which has the first rank among the employer experts and the rank one last left among the professors' experts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Accounting for citizenship conceptual paradigm based on critical thinking
Shokrollah Khajavi Mohammad MohammadianWise reasoning of somebody’s’ beliefs and whatever they do based on it is called critical thinking. In this area, existing condition is not compatible with whatever accountants are believed in and which they are done to achieve. Using this point of view many MoreWise reasoning of somebody’s’ beliefs and whatever they do based on it is called critical thinking. In this area, existing condition is not compatible with whatever accountants are believed in and which they are done to achieve. Using this point of view many accounting interpretation have been considered based on positivism or normative paradigm are criticized. The goal of this research is to present conceptual paradigm and novel preview description toward accounting under the title of accounting for citizenship. To have access to this, the most important layers of objective hermeneutics which have known as critical thinking and library studies which is considered as historical recognition is utilized. Some of basic concepts of this research includes accounting for citizenship and corporate citizenship and according to these concepts and by critical school thoughts using present position of accounting is getting studied and finally the question of “Could accounting be considered as accounting for citizenship?” is answered. Citizenship exploring theories especially political theory as a subset one revealed that accountability toward citizens and society from macro level (government) is shifted to micro level (companies as corporate citizens) and accountants afterwards and finally in order to citizens’ rights preservation (to government support) the accountants have to adhere ethics (fairness and justice) and useful information preparation which results to citizens and society accountability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The role of children and adolescents' smart media in teaching critical thinking
mehrnoosh khoraminejad hasan ashayeri Ataollah Abtahi kamran mohammadkhani Neda SoleimaniAbstractIntroduction&Objective of this research:This research seek to understand the component of critical thinking and teach it to children and adolescents through intelligent media.Critical thinking isa prerequisite for life skills including problem solving and de MoreAbstractIntroduction&Objective of this research:This research seek to understand the component of critical thinking and teach it to children and adolescents through intelligent media.Critical thinking isa prerequisite for life skills including problem solving and decision making. Research Method:In the present study,according to the nature of the subject,the data were collected using a quantitative method,a researcher-made questionnaire and a qualitative method with the approach of data theory and interview coding.The population of the present study includes children and adolescents aged 10 to 12 and 12 to 14 and Their critical approach to the Clash of Clans digital game was analyzed and the results of interviews of University professors have been analyzed in-depth.Results:In the process of piloting children and adolescents and in a large distribution of tendency to group play,the findings indicate that all subjects like to be a member of the group and participate in the game.66% of the subjects try to find a suitable way to solve the problem.In interviews with university professors,the role of intelligent media in teaching critical thinking skills to children and adolescents emphasized the components of philosophical learning,participatory learning and experience-oriented respect for individual differences.Conclusion:Thus,in the present article,we have come to the conclusion that in order to achieve the optimal performance of smart media in teaching critical thinking,they can have an educational plan in two ways:1-Media and education for children,2-Broadcast Programs with the child himself that education with the participation of the child is important because the educational process will be very high quality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Critical thinking skill in Islamic Azad university‐science and research Branch of accounting student
فریدون رهنمای رودپشتی احمد یعقوب نژاد احمد گودرزیCritical thinking is a skill and on which learner can achieve teaching goals during an achieve mental process only after receiving key points from teacher. This capability can enhance subject remembrance by students and deliver them to training target with clarity. O MoreCritical thinking is a skill and on which learner can achieve teaching goals during an achieve mental process only after receiving key points from teacher. This capability can enhance subject remembrance by students and deliver them to training target with clarity. One of the benefits of this skill is that it can widen thinking horizons on student over learning topics that is reached by their active attendance in training processes. This study was aimed to determine the critical thinking situation of accounting students in Islamic Azad university ‐ science and research branch. This study was done on 73 Islamic Azad university ‐ science and research branch. The subjects were selects with randomized stratified method. Then their critical thinking was inves gated using California B quesonnaire containing34 quesons. The result showed this important fact skills and abilities of Islamic Azad universityscience and research branch did not improve by going to upper year education Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Developing and Explaining a Model for Smarter Universities around the World
Sepideh Golijani Mogaddam Kamran Mohammadkhani Nadergoli Gourchian Amirhossein MohammaddavudiIn this research, a model has been devised and validated to make universities smarter Compared with globally balance. The research method in this paper is a mixed one. First based on qualitative method and specifically based on the grounded theory and by interviewing th MoreIn this research, a model has been devised and validated to make universities smarter Compared with globally balance. The research method in this paper is a mixed one. First based on qualitative method and specifically based on the grounded theory and by interviewing the subject matter experts, the dimensions, components and indicators of making universities smarter with a global level are extracted and analyzed. Then, in the quantitative phase, by a questionnaire based on qualitative stage indices and based on its data - 175 valid questionnaires - validating and analyzing the factor structure of the university-level smart universities model was used. The findings of the qualitative research showed that the smarter university with a global level has 5 dimensions (based on Grounded Theory components) and 29 components. These dimensions include the dimension of "smarter technologies", "smarter competencies", "smarter processes", "superior standards" and "organizational quality". Quantitative section findings also showed that based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, factor loadings of all indices were above 0.3. The goodness-of-fit indices of the model also showed that the structural model extracted from the qualitative section fits well with the statistical population data. The relative chi-square values of were less than 3 and the values of adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) and Comparative fit index (CFI) were above 0.7. The root mean square error of approximate (RMSEA) was also less than 0.1. In addition, the components and indices of the research model had a good reliability based on Cronbach's alpha (all component over than 0.7) in the model and the result show that the model has a good explanation in the statistical population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Studying the skills of critical thinking, self-awareness, empathy, decision making and communication in the stories by Farhad Hassanzadeh
Jahangir Safari Sajad NajafibehzadiThe thinking skills of self-awareness, empathy, decision-making and communication play an important role in the lives of children and adolescents. Child and adolescent writers can enhance these skills in children through the world of fiction and novels. Kids need to lea MoreThe thinking skills of self-awareness, empathy, decision-making and communication play an important role in the lives of children and adolescents. Child and adolescent writers can enhance these skills in children through the world of fiction and novels. Kids need to learn some skills to enter the community and life. Skills that prepare children to face life's challenges and problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the skills of self-awareness, decision-making, empathy and critical thinking in fiction works by Farhad Hassanzadeh. The research method is qualitative and quantitative analysis of the content of the works. The results of this study showed that among the skills studied, empathy and self-awareness skills had the most application among other skills. Among the components of self-awareness skills, the component of recognizing weaknesses and strengths and among the components of empathy skill, components of respect for others and friendliness have the most application. Another point is the lack of attention to components such as tolerance of individuals and attention to their values, critical thinking, and recognition of rights and responsibilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Predicting parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking mediated by hardiness in second grade female students
parnian rezazadeh mahbobeh aslami Soroush AlimardaniThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the MoreThe aim of this study was to predict parenting styles based on educational motivation and critical thinking with respect to the mediating role of hardiness. The research method was applied research and its implementation method was descriptive (non-experimental) and the research design was relational - Correlation and mediator analysis. The statistical population of this study was female primary school students in KARAJ (district 4) in 2017, from which 400 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research data were collected through these ways: parenting style questionnaire (Baumrind, 1971), educational motivation questionnaire (Harter, 1980), Ricketts critical thinking orientation questionnaire (Ricketts, 2003) and Ahvaz Hardiness Inventory, (2000). In order to test the hypotheses and analyze the data, multiple regression and SOBEL test were used. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between dictatorial, authoritarian and negligent parenting styles with students' educational motivation and critical thinking (P = 0.001). Also, educational motivation and critical thinking were able to predict parenting styles due to their hardiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The effect of critical thinking skills training on improvement of creativity, academic self-efficacy, and psychological well-being among first-year high-school girls
Atefeh Saedi Mohammad Ali Zarei Maryam NasiriThe main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of critical thinking skills training on improving creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students in Ahvaz. The study was conducted on a quasi-experimental basis with th MoreThe main objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of critical thinking skills training on improving creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students in Ahvaz. The study was conducted on a quasi-experimental basis with the control group. The research statistical population included all female first-year high-school students of Ahvaz city.By purposive sampling, 30 students were selected as study sample and randomly assigned into two equal groups of experimental and control. Research instruments included the Abedi Creativity Questionnaire (Abedi, 2003), the Murises Educational Self-Efficacy Scale (Murises, 2001), and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). To analyze the data, inferential statistical methods were used such as univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS statistical software (Version 25). The findings showed that the applied intervention increased the levels of creativity, academic self-efficacy and psychological well-being of students. Therefore, the intervention of critical thinking skills training to help female students is effective and recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Comparative Effect of Portfolio Assessment and Peer-Assessment on EFL Learners' Critical Thinking and Speaking Achievement
Behdokht Mall-Amiri Haleh Askarzadeh -
Open Access Article
16 - The Effect of Critical Thinking Skills on Reading English Novels
Ashraf Haji Maibodi -
Open Access Article
17 - Using Convergent and Divergent Tasks through Critical Thinking in Writing Classes
Hamid Marashi Rahil Akbar-Hosseini -
Open Access Article
18 - Impact of Critical Thinking Instruction Through Argument Mapping Techniques on Iranian Male and Female EFL Learners’ Critical Thinking Ability and Reading Skill
Mohammad Ali Esfandiari Ehsan Rezvani Bahram Hadian -
Open Access Article
19 - Professionalism as a Predictor of Reflective Teaching and Criticality of EFL Teachers
َAdel Dastgoshadeh Kaveh Jalilzadeh -
Open Access Article
20 - Effect of Critical Thinking, Problem Solving and Meta-Cognitive on Students' Self-Directed Learning
محمد علی نادی مریم گردانشکن محسن گلپرورThis study aimed to assess effects of training critical thinking, problem solving and meta-cognitive on students' self- directed learning. Fifty undergraduate student of Islamic Azad university of Khorasgan were selected randomly and then they divided randomly into ex MoreThis study aimed to assess effects of training critical thinking, problem solving and meta-cognitive on students' self- directed learning. Fifty undergraduate student of Islamic Azad university of Khorasgan were selected randomly and then they divided randomly into experimental and control groups. Test group were trained about critical thinking, problem solving and meta-cognitive in 6 sessions. Fischer et al' scale (2001) was used as an instrument for measuring self- directed learning before and after training. Data analysis was done using analysis of covariance. Research findings indicated a significant impact of teaching critical thinking, problem solving and meta-cognitive on the total scores of self- directed learning and its components (self-management, desire for learning, and self control). According to the data analysis, training critical thinking, problem solving and meta-cognitive will increase total score of self- directed learning and its components (self-management, desire for learning, and self control). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Effect of Research-Based Teaching Method on Critical Thinking of Students of Master Degree in Educational Planning at Azad University of Sari
Mohammad Mahbobeh Jafari Rostami, Mohammad Hajizad Seyedeh Mahbobeh Jafari RostamiThe main goal of this research is to study the effects of the research-oriented teaching method on critical thinking of graduated students in educational planning at sari-based Islamic Azad University. The present survey is semi experimental in term of data collection a MoreThe main goal of this research is to study the effects of the research-oriented teaching method on critical thinking of graduated students in educational planning at sari-based Islamic Azad University. The present survey is semi experimental in term of data collection and applied in term of the goal. The statistical community includes all educational planning graduated students of Sari-based Islamic Azad University as 210 ones. The sampling method is simple random. In the present study, the standard test questionnaire of California Form B critical thinking skills (CCTST-B)(1990) (1990)have been employed. In order to determine the content and formal validity, the study questionnaires have been presented to some field-related exports, masters, guides and advisors to be reviewed that all of them confirmed the questionnaires’ validity to be used for the study. To further guarantee their reliability, 30 questionnaires have been executed before the final run randomly and their alpha-Cronbach has been estimated at 0.78 level. It should be noted that the course of advanced teaching method in the weekly program of Azad University of Sari was held one day a week and Wednesdays. In the first session, the implementation of critical thinking questionnaire Form B and Comic creativity was completed as a pre-test in both experimental and control classes. During the implementation period, the teaching-driven teaching with emphasis on the use of the teaching method of exploration as an independent variable, the researcher was fully associated with the professor and was present in the test class and when faced with the problem, he provided the necessary guidance, then at the end of the eighth session, the same questionnaires were completed as a post-test in both experimental and control classes. Research-based teaching has influenced the variable "critical thinking". Also, teaching-driven research among critical thinking components (interpretive skills, assessment skills, inferential skills, deductive skills, and inductive skills) did not only affect the component of interpretive skills and affected other components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Reflection on the barriers to critical thinking in the curriculum of secondary education
وحیده علی پور مریم سیف نراقی عزت اله نادری علی شریعتمداریThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated through the deep interviews. 18 experts (educationalists) were chosen as the cases for study through biased sampling. For the quantitative episode, 97 curriculum development experts and 375 high school teachers in Tehran completed a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The qualitative results were concluded to a total of 27 primary concepts and seven main issues. The quantitative results were revealed that developing critical thinking in high school associated with some barriers, such as low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Comparative study of Three Current Views on Critical Thinking and their educational implication: based on the Richard Paul, Robert Ennis and Bertrand Russellâ s point of view
fatemeh vojdani mahdi sajadiCritical thinking is an important part of education and should be considered in all parts of curriculum in all levels. The essence and the nature of critical thinking, its chief principals and its reinforcing plans are what going to be studied in this essay, using a des MoreCritical thinking is an important part of education and should be considered in all parts of curriculum in all levels. The essence and the nature of critical thinking, its chief principals and its reinforcing plans are what going to be studied in this essay, using a descriptive-analytical and comparative method.The results show that these three approaches toward critical thinking are not in the same way, especially Russell’s viewpoint which is more different. Specifically, critical thinking has been discussed by Paul and Ennis, and both have purposed exact plans for its practicality and integrating it to the educational curriculum. Their approach, also, have a lot in common with psychological approach, too. But Russell’s viewpoint is of theoretical and philosophical one. He explained and justified critical thinking from a humanistic viewpoint. Regardless of these differences, applying critical thinking both in believes and actions of the teachers is the vary point with which they are, all, agreed. They believe that these points not only should be thought but also should be put into practice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigation of tendency toward critical thinking in secondary school teachers and its role on their teaching style
MORTEZA KARAMI MALIHE RAJAEI MARZIEH NAMKHAHRecently, studying on critical thinking disposition and its related factors as one of the teacher’s professional competences has attracted many education experts. The present study investigated the trend of critical thinking in high school teachers and its role in MoreRecently, studying on critical thinking disposition and its related factors as one of the teacher’s professional competences has attracted many education experts. The present study investigated the trend of critical thinking in high school teachers and its role in their preferred teaching style. The study was descriptive and correlation. The study population included all of 4115 female high school teachers in the city of Mashhad in 2012-2013 academic year. Kukran formula and cluster random sampling of 110 teachers were selected. Research tools were the questionnaire of teaching style (Mousa Poor, 1998) and critical thinking disposition criteria of Ricketts (2003). The findings from this study showed a significant meaning (r = 0.48, p < 0.001) and teachers tendency toward active teaching style was more than passive and the overall critical thinking disposition of teachers was desirable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Examining critical thinking in University graduate students
parvaneh valavi somayeh bagherpour javad shahsavariThe purpose of recent article was to consider the critical thinking situation between graduate students. The population of this descriptive-survey research included 900 MA. graduate students in Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz (2012-2013) that have passed their course MoreThe purpose of recent article was to consider the critical thinking situation between graduate students. The population of this descriptive-survey research included 900 MA. graduate students in Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz (2012-2013) that have passed their courses. 172 students were selected as a sample by random stratified sampling (Morgan sampling chart). The research instruments were California questionnaire of form B and the data analysis method included two parts: descriptive and inference statistics. The independent t test method and one-way variance analysis were used in the inference statistics by using SPSS 19. The research findings showed that the critical thinking skills between students were low. The evaluation skill mean in the educational science and psychology group and analysis skill and inference skill mean in the technical and engineering group were higher than other groups. The low level skills of the critical thinking in graduate students showed that higher education did not act well in curriculum and educational methods and teaching for training critic and thoughtful students. If higher education wants to train the people with careful, identical, rational, critical mind, it should revise its educational domain Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with Learning Styles and Academic Success in students of Islamic Azad University Branch Ahvaz
sahar safarzadehThe aim of the present study was to investigate The relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with learning styles and academic success in students of Islamic Azad University Branch Ahvaz. The sample of research included 400 subjects(200 boy and 200 girl MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate The relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with learning styles and academic success in students of Islamic Azad University Branch Ahvaz. The sample of research included 400 subjects(200 boy and 200 girls) who were selected based on stratified random sampling. For the measurement of the variable, California critical thinking disposition inventory (CCTST), State metacognitin invertory (ESM) and Learning style inventory (LSI) were used. The research was canonic correlation and data analysis by canonical correlation revealed: there were relations between critical thinking and meta cognition with learning styles and academic success all of students. The results also revealed that: there is the strongestcor relation between Absorptive learning style Spiritual Intelligencefrom first setofvariables(independent) and meta cognition from second setofvariables(dependent). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Surveying the Effect of Educational Applications of Information and Communication Technology on the Critical Thinking and Attitude of the First Grade High School Girl Students from District 4 in Tehran
roghayeh Agh arkakli nosh afarin safari hossein hafezi kan kowtThis study aims to survey the effect of the educational applications of information and communication technology on the critical thinking and attitude of the first grade high school girl students. The population includes all of the first grade girl high school students MoreThis study aims to survey the effect of the educational applications of information and communication technology on the critical thinking and attitude of the first grade high school girl students. The population includes all of the first grade girl high school students in district 4 of Tehran in the academic years 2008-2009. Sample size was 69, 35 of whom were from Hooshmand school of Shahid Dr. Sadeghi (experimental group) and 34 students from Hadaf school (control group), which were selected by the usage of convenient sampling. This study was performed through the quasi-experimental pre and post design and the control group. In contrast, the control group received no training. For data collection, California (form B) critical thinking and attitude towards information and communication technology questionnaire which has suitable To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (MANOVA) were utilized with SPSS18. The findings show that information and communication technology has a significant effect on the critical thinking of the first grade high school girl students in aggregation and in detail, criteria such as analysis, evaluation and inference are effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Impact of Web-Based Learning with a Problem-Solving Approach on Reflective Thinking Development in English Language Students of Islamic Azad University of Ardabil
یوسف نامور عزتالله نادری علی شریعتمداری مریم سیف نراقیThis study aimed to assess the impact of web-based learning (weblog) with a problem-solving approach on reflective thinking development in English language students of Islamic Azad University of Ardabil. Reflective thinking questionnaire designed by Kember et al. (199 MoreThis study aimed to assess the impact of web-based learning (weblog) with a problem-solving approach on reflective thinking development in English language students of Islamic Azad University of Ardabil. Reflective thinking questionnaire designed by Kember et al. (1999) based on mezirow theory (1991) was used for data gathering. A pre-test and post –test was conducted for both experimental (N=15) and control groups (N=15) who were selected by cluster sampling method. Results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups concerning understanding, reflection and critical thinking (t-test, a=0.05). Therefore, this study confirmed the positive effect of web-based learning on student's reflective thinking development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Stories for âphilosophy for kidsâ program based on critical thinking
javad farzanfar a.akbar ajamPresent research has done by using content analysis in intellectual type of stories to show how philosophy for kids can achive its main goals, fostering critical thinking, in the stories which are in children's literature. As much as possible, the researcher tried t MorePresent research has done by using content analysis in intellectual type of stories to show how philosophy for kids can achive its main goals, fostering critical thinking, in the stories which are in children's literature. As much as possible, the researcher tried to choose well-known stories for audiences and acceptable for critics, experts and writers of kids and teenagers literature and the movement of teaching philosophy for Children. For example Morteza Khosro nejad, Yahya Ghaedi’s ideas have been used and to improve the philosophic level of stories, Mir Abdelhosien Naghib zadeh’s idea has been used too. Purposive sampling is used for sample size. Studing stories stopped when researcher found out the repetitive points. The texts of stories were the analysis unit. The findings showed that the stories have the potential of developing critical thinking in their readers adequately and beautifully. Therefore, studying and discussing these stories by kids and teenagers can help the program of “philosophy for kids” and reaching better results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The relationship between learning styles and Inquiry Spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students
masoome heidarpoor mohammadreza nili ahmadabadi mohammadhosein yarmohammadianThe present research was done to consider the relationship between learning styles and inquiry spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students. The method of this research was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research included 9183 college students of Isf MoreThe present research was done to consider the relationship between learning styles and inquiry spirit of Isfahan undergraduate students. The method of this research was descriptive-survey. The statistical population of this research included 9183 college students of Isfahan University that 376 students were selected by the random stratified random sampling method. To collect data, two kinds of questionnaires were used: Kolb learning style questionnaire (1984) and research made questionnaire of inquiry spirit. The content and face validity of the questionnaires was confirmed experts. The questionnaires reliabilities were determined for each of the learning styles components by Cronbach's alpha. The descriptive and inference statistics were used to analyze. The results showed there is a meaningful relationship between learning styles and in inquiry spirit. The Mann Whitney u test results showed there is not a meaningful difference between the students’ inquiry spirit for separating sex. Kruskal Wallis test results showed there is a difference between the students’ inquiry spirit in different majors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Content Analysis of Sixth Grade Social Studies Text Book Based on the Elements of the Fundamental Reform Document of Education
alireza ghasemizad fatemeh asadollahiPresent research has done by using content analysis in intellectual type of stories to show how philosophy for kids can achive its main goals, fostering critical thinking, in the stories which are in children's literature. As much as possible, the researcher tried t MorePresent research has done by using content analysis in intellectual type of stories to show how philosophy for kids can achive its main goals, fostering critical thinking, in the stories which are in children's literature. As much as possible, the researcher tried to choose well-known stories for audiences and acceptable for critics, experts and writers of kids and teenagers literature and the movement of teaching philosophy for Children. For example Morteza Khosro nejad, Yahya Ghaedi’s ideas have been used and to improve the philosophic level of stories, Mir Abdelhosien Naghib zadeh’s idea has been used too. Purposive sampling is used for sample size. Studing stories stopped when researcher found out the repetitive points. The texts of stories were the analysis unit. The findings showed that the stories have the potential of developing critical thinking in their readers adequately and beautifully. Therefore, studying and discussing these stories by kids and teenagers can help the program of “philosophy for kids” and reaching better results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Designing a critical thinking training model and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students
hadi sajedi rad jafar jahani maryam shafiee sarvestani mahdi mohammadiThe purpose of this study was to design a model for teaching critical thinking and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method is mixed, ie first it was quantitative and then qualitati MoreThe purpose of this study was to design a model for teaching critical thinking and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method is mixed, ie first it was quantitative and then qualitative. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all sixth grade male students in Khorasan Razavi province in the academic year 2018-2019, which using a quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test with control group) among sixth grade students in Khorasan Razavi province (75 people) were selected as a statistical sample. The California Critical Thinking Scale was used to examine the variables of research and data collection. In this study, Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability coefficient. Accordingly, for this questionnaire, the validity coefficient was 0.81 and the reliability coefficient was 0.84. Descriptive statistics (mean, mean, etc.) and inferential statistics (one-sample T, analysis of variance) were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software. In the qualitative part of the study, it was phenomenological. The study population and sample included individuals who were purposefully studied in the quantitative section and the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Goba and Linkon criteria were used to validate the data. Data analysis was performed using Corbin and Strauss method in which data are divided into three levels: open, axial and selective. In the qualitative part of the research results led to the design of a model that included seven dimensions (analysis and evaluation, critical thinking, creativity, life skills, critical thinking, self-esteem and learning). And it becomes students' critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Investigation of the Status of critical thinking in storical Literature of reading textbooks in elementary period
halime mesri edris islami kamal afaniThe aim of this research is investigation of critical thinking position in fiction literature of reading textbooks in Elementary course. To achieve this goal, content analysis method has been used. The results show in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the first MoreThe aim of this research is investigation of critical thinking position in fiction literature of reading textbooks in Elementary course. To achieve this goal, content analysis method has been used. The results show in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the first elementary grade no reference has been made to the components of critical thinking, in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the second elementary grade, the most frequent components of the art of thinking about their thinking and the correct judgment (based on the criterion), in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the third elementary grade, the most frequent components of curiosity of thought and correct judgment (based on criterion), in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the fourth elementary grade, the most frequent component of curiosity of thought, in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the fifth elementary grade, the most frequent components of defining and clarifying the problem and in fiction literature of reading textbooks of the sixth elementary grade, the most frequent components of reasoning and correct judgment (based on criterion) have been belonged. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Determining Indicators and Process Pattern of Critical Thinking in Teaching and Learning
Mohsen Torkzadeh Bahram Barzegar Fakhteh MahiniThe aim of this study was to determine the indicators of critical thinking in teaching and learning in Iran based on Grounded Theory with a systematic approach attributed to Strauss and Corbin and paradigm logic. The scope of this research includes all literature and th MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the indicators of critical thinking in teaching and learning in Iran based on Grounded Theory with a systematic approach attributed to Strauss and Corbin and paradigm logic. The scope of this research includes all literature and theories related to teaching critical thinking in accounting. To collect the required data, research literature, the technique of semi-structured interviewing of famous teachers in top universities and the method of snowball sampling were used. Data analysis was performed based on three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Findings were categorized into six general categories with 41 concepts/themes and 212 final identifiers. Finally, the initial theory of the executive model of the critical thinking process model in teaching and learning of accounting students was developed as a conceptual paradigm model. Because the ability to think critically is an important consequence of education, there is a need for further research and continuous development of reliable and validated tools to measure students' critical thinking in order to conduct educational strategies that effectively facilitate critical thinking among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The effect of spiritual Masnavi stories on the development of critical thinking skills of high school students
Kobra Zarei Sefiddari Vahideh Alipour sohila hossenpourschool students in District 3 of Karaj in the academic year of 1996-97. To conduct the research in the same conditions, both pretest groups were performed using the Watson-Glaser (1994) Critical Thinking Questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by content validity by Moreschool students in District 3 of Karaj in the academic year of 1996-97. To conduct the research in the same conditions, both pretest groups were performed using the Watson-Glaser (1994) Critical Thinking Questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by content validity by experts and reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87. The training package (Masnavi Manavi stories) was presented to the experimental group in 16 sessions of 90 minutes in 8 weeks, while during this period the control group did not receive any intervention. After the training sessions on the experimental group, both groups underwent post-test under the same conditions. Univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to analyze the data using SPSS25 software. After adjusting the pre-test scores, the difference between the experimental and control groups in the critical thinking variable was significant at the alpha level of 0.01; The adjusted mean of the experimental group (33.95) was higher than the adjusted mean of the control group (25.07). The results showed that teaching Masnavi spiritual stories in the development of critical thinking and its components (inference (sig = 0.83), identification of assumptions (sig = 0.47), inference (sig = 0.64), interpretation (sig = 0.71) and evaluation (sig = 0.28) ) Was effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Self-Regulatory Learning Strategies on Self-efficacy and Critical Thinking in Secondary School Students in District 6 of Tehran.
morteza samiee zafarghandi Marzieh Nemati Masoome AlizadeThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of self-regulation learning strategies on self-efficacy and critical thinking. The research was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the stud MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of self-regulation learning strategies on self-efficacy and critical thinking. The research was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the study was Jami Novin nonprofit high school students in Tehran's 6th district based on purposeful sampling. A sample of 80 high school students of Jami girls were selected based on random sampling method and divided into two groups: experimental and control (each group 40 people). Before the implementation of the educational program, both the control and experimental groups before the beginning of the test were first evaluated using Critical Thinking Questionnaire (Rickets, 2003) and Self-efficacy Scale (Maurice, 2001). After that, the control group received 8 sessions of training on self-regulation learning strategies. But the experimental group did not receive any training. After this stage, again, both groups were evaluated using questionnaires and the data were collected. In order to check the normality of the data, homogeneity of variances, homogeneity of regression slope and Levin test, use and data with the 20th edition SPSS software and covariance analysis test were analyzed. Results showed that training self-regulation strategies has a significant effect on self-efficacy and critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - تأثیر نظارت بالینی بر تمایلات تفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و پیشرفت کلی زبان آموزان
Nasim Mehrabian Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei Hossein Vahid Dastjerdiاگرچه تحقیقات در مورد نظارت بالینی و تفکر انتقادی معلمان توسط بسیاری از محققان به طور جداگانه انجام شده است، ادغام آن ها در یک مطالعه یکپارچه، به ویژه در زمینه انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی بسیار ضروری بوده است. مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای پی بردن به تأثیرات نظارت بالینی بر Moreاگرچه تحقیقات در مورد نظارت بالینی و تفکر انتقادی معلمان توسط بسیاری از محققان به طور جداگانه انجام شده است، ادغام آن ها در یک مطالعه یکپارچه، به ویژه در زمینه انگلیسی به عنوان یک زبان خارجی بسیار ضروری بوده است. مطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای پی بردن به تأثیرات نظارت بالینی بر تمایلات تفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و پیشرفت کلی زبان آموزان بود. پژوهش حاضر شامل دو گروه شرکتکننده بود: 60 معلم و 66 دانش آموز که به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند. نظارت بالینی برای معلمان گروه آزمایش در سه دوره کنفرانس برنامه ریزی ، مشاهده کلاس درس و کنفرانس بازخورد انجام شد. آن دسته از فراگیرانی که معلمان آن ها در نظارت بالینی شرکت کرده بودند، گروه آزمایش و بقیه گروه کنترل بودند که به معلمان آن ها برنامه آموزشی معلم ارائه نشد. داده ها از طریق مقیاس تمایل به تفکر انتقادی و پیش آزمون و پس آزمون فراگیران جمع آوری شد. با اجرای آنالیز واریانس یکطرفه (ANOVA یکطرفه) و آزمونهای t نمونههای مستقل، نظارت بالینی به طور قابلتوجهی بر گرایشهای تفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی مؤثر بود و منجر به بهبود قابل توجه زبانآموزان نیز شد. یافتهها حاکی از الزام اجرای نظارت بالینی به عنوان یک برنامه آموزش معلمان مؤثر و آگاهکننده است تا به معلمان کمک کند تا نقاط قوت و ضعف خود را بررسی کنند و در تدریس عملی به خود تنظیمی قابل توجهی دست یابند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - رابطه بین توانایی تفکر انتقادی و استراتژی های درک شنیداری: تمرکز بر زبان آموزان پیشرفته
Azar Bagheri Masoudzadeاین مطالعه تلاشی برای بررسی رابطه بین راهبردهای درک شنیداری دانشجویان پیشرفته EFL و توانایی تفکر انتقادی آنها بود. بدین منظور 75 زبان آموز ایرانی زبان انگلیسی از هر دو جنس به عنوان افراد مورد مطالعه انتخاب شدند. همه آنها دانش آموزان پیشرفته بودند که بر اساس نمونه گیری خ Moreاین مطالعه تلاشی برای بررسی رابطه بین راهبردهای درک شنیداری دانشجویان پیشرفته EFL و توانایی تفکر انتقادی آنها بود. بدین منظور 75 زبان آموز ایرانی زبان انگلیسی از هر دو جنس به عنوان افراد مورد مطالعه انتخاب شدند. همه آنها دانش آموزان پیشرفته بودند که بر اساس نمونه گیری خوشه ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار مورد استفاده، دو پرسشنامه مرتبط، پرسشنامه تفکر انتقادی (CTQ) و پرسشنامه راهبردهای درک شنیداری (LCSQ) بود. در روز اول، محقق دستورالعمل این نظرسنجی را به وضوح توضیح داد و به شرکت کنندگان برای ارزیابی راهبردهای به کار گرفته شده توسط آنها، CTQ ارائه شد. در روز دوم، LCSQ بین آنها توزیع شد. شرکت کنندگان باید به تمام سوالات در زمان محدود پاسخ می دادند. خوشبختانه هیچ یک از دانشجویان در فرآیند جمع آوری داده ها غایب نبودند و این عامل باعث افزایش پایایی نتایج می شود. یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که بین راهبردهای درک شنیداری دانش آموزان پیشرفته EFL و توانایی تفکر انتقادی آنها رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. نتایج می تواند قابل توجه باشد زیرا شناسایی راهبردهایی که دانش آموزان به کار می گیرند، به آنها کمک می کند تا بر مشکلاتی که ممکن است در مهارت های زبانی مختلف با آن مواجه شوند غلبه کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - A Comparative Study of the Effect of Explicit and Implicit Pronunciation Instruction on Critical Thinking and Listening Comprehension of English Language Learners
Mohammad Darijani Mehry Haddad Narafshan Leila Anjomshoa -
Open Access Article
40 - Examining the Model of Relationship Between Professors' Support for Autonomy and Parental Psychological Control with Critical Thinking through Mediation of Academic Stress Among Female Students
Karim Sevari Fatemeh FarzadiThe purpose of this research was to test the model of relationship between professors' autonomy support and parental psychological control with critical thinking through the mediation of academic stress of female students. The statistical population was all female stude MoreThe purpose of this research was to test the model of relationship between professors' autonomy support and parental psychological control with critical thinking through the mediation of academic stress of female students. The statistical population was all female students of psychology, educational sciences and counseling at University of Khuzestan province Payam Noor. The research sample subsumed 480 subjects who were selected voluntarily. The research design was correlational. to collect data Belmont, Skinner, Welborn, and Connell's (1988) Teachers' Autonomy Support; Barber's (1996) Parental Psychological Control; Sevari Academic Stress (2019) and Critical Thinking by Wang et al. (2019) questionnaires were implemented. After modifying the proposed model, the findings related to direct relationships showed a negative relationship between professors' support for autonomy and academic stress; positive relationship between parental psychological control and academic stress; There was a negative relationship between parental psychological control and critical thinking, and a significant positive relationship between professors' support for autonomy and critical thinking, but the relationship between academic stress and critical thinking was not significant. The results related to indirect hypotheses showed that the relationship between professors' support of students' autonomy and critical thinking through academic stress and the relationship between parental psychological control and critical thinking through academic stress was significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Relationship of Mindfulness, Moral- Cultural Foundations and Critical Thinking with Hopefulness and Perception of God in Married Women
Narjes Beat Sayyah Rezvan HomaeiThe purpose of this study was to determine the canonical relationship of mindfulness, moral-cultural foundation and critical thinking with hopefulness and perception of God in married women. The research population included all married female students of Ahvaz Universit MoreThe purpose of this study was to determine the canonical relationship of mindfulness, moral-cultural foundation and critical thinking with hopefulness and perception of God in married women. The research population included all married female students of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences whom 180 subjects were selected by purposive sampling method as sample. The research method was descriptive and correlational type. To collect data Snyder et al. Hopefulness Questionnaire (1991), Lawrence Gods Perception Questionnaire (1997), Braun & Ryan's Mindfulness Questionnaire (2003), Haidt & Graham (2007) Moral Foundation Questionnaire and Ricketts Critical Thinking Questionnaire (2003) were implemented. For analyzing the data Pearson correlation coefficient and canonical correlation were applied. Results of the study showed that between the predictive variables (mindfulness, moral- cultural foundation and critical thinking) and the criterion variables (hopefulness and perception of God) were two significant canonical functions that equal to 0/644 and 0/293 (p<0/05). The results of the canonical correlation analysis also, revealed that in the set of predictive variables the mindfulness was the strongest predictor. In the set of criterion variables, hopefulness had more predictive power. So, considering the predictive role of mindfulness, moral- cultural foundation and critical thinking in prediction of hopefulness and perception of God, it could be concluded that through focusing on predictive variable s, hopefulness and perception of God would be increased in married woman students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Relationship between Critical Thinking and Meta Cognition with Academic Success in Female Students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University
Sahar Safarzadeh Fatemeh Sadat MarashianThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with academic success in female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random samplin MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between critical thinking and meta cognition with academic success in female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University. The sample included 200 subjects who were selected based on stratified random sampling. To measure the variables California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTST), State Meta-cognition Inventory (ESM) and Academic Success were used. To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression (p≤ 0.0001) were employed as statistical methods. The results revealed that there was significant relationship between critical thinking and Meta cognition with academic success. The regression output also indicated that critical thinking and Meta cognition were well predictive to academic success. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Impact and Effectiveness of Soft Skills on Critical Thinking and Innovative Behavior of School Principals (With DEMATEL Methodological Approach)
fardin teimorzadeh habibeh najafiHaving innovative behavior and critical thinking among managers are two essential and vital elements to promote the effectiveness of the organization and its productivity. Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of finding the influence and effectiveness of sof MoreHaving innovative behavior and critical thinking among managers are two essential and vital elements to promote the effectiveness of the organization and its productivity. Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of finding the influence and effectiveness of soft skills on critical thinking and innovative behavior of school principals. This is an applied-developmental research and from a methodological point of view, it is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the study includes all 260 school principals in districts 1 and 3 of Tabriz city in 2020, among which the sample size was estimated to be 84 people through Cochran's formula. The research tool includes a researcher-made questionnaire specifically designed for the DEMATEL method. Data analysis was performed using DEMATEL method. The results showed that the most influential factor is creativity and problem solving and the critical thinking variable is in the second place of influence. In terms of the intensity of impact, the components of soft skills are creativity and problem solving, lifelong learning, teamwork, professional ethics and communication, respectively, which have had the most impact. The most influential variable is innovative behavior. Also, among the influential components of soft skills, lifelong learning is the most important factor that has had a great impact on innovative behavior. Lifelong learning is like a driving force that, if properly used, can accelerate innovative behavior, professional ethics, communication and even teamwork and promote school principals in today's high-risk world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Effectiveness of Problem-Solving Teaching Method on Critical Thinking and Academic Performance of Sixth Grade Student
Somayeh Ebrahimi-dolar Abbas GholtashIntroduction: The aim of this study was to explain the effect of problem-solving teaching methods on critical thinking and academic performance of sixth grade students in Birjand city.Research Methodology: This research was conducted as an intervention study with a pre- MoreIntroduction: The aim of this study was to explain the effect of problem-solving teaching methods on critical thinking and academic performance of sixth grade students in Birjand city.Research Methodology: This research was conducted as an intervention study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was the sixth grade students of Birjand city in the academic year 2021-2022 and the samples were selected by random double-stage cluster sampling and they were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Using the problem-solving teaching method, the science course was taught and the control group was trained as usual. Before and after applying the independent variable, pre-test and post-test were taken from the students. The Pham & Taylor (1999) Student Performance Questionnaire was used to assess students' academic performance, and the California Critical Thinking Orientation Questionnaire (Facion, 1992) was used to assess students' critical thinking. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical studies and Shapiro-Wilk statistical tests (to check normality), Levene's test (to check the homogeneity of variances) and univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance through SPSS software version 23.Findings: The results indicate that problem-solving education has a significant effect on students' critical thinking and academic performance (p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Designing a teaching model based on developing critical thinking in high schools
Alimohammad Siahiatabaki Fatemeh SiahiatabakiIntroduction: One of the necessary skills in a world that is constantly changing is the ability to think, especially critical thinking. The aim of the current research was to investigate and present the significant approaches in the teaching area based on the developmen MoreIntroduction: One of the necessary skills in a world that is constantly changing is the ability to think, especially critical thinking. The aim of the current research was to investigate and present the significant approaches in the teaching area based on the development of critical thinking and to design a teaching model based on the development of critical thinking in high schools. Research methodology: In this qualitative research, qualitative content analysis method of inductive categorization system was used. The research field (statistical population) included available written and digital resources related to critical thinking, and sampling was done in a purposeful method, and the data collection tool was note-taking from all available written and digital sources. Data analysis was done through thematic coding in three stages of open coding (477 codes), axial coding (80 codes) and selective coding (20 codes). Then the codes were categorized and the final components were extracted. Findings: The most important approaches in teaching based on the development of critical thinking include problem solving, group discussion, using the questioning technique, students being active, oral presentation and continuous assessment of students. The proposed teaching model includes three sections: before the interaction, during the interaction and after the interaction. Conclusion: Determining the proposed approaches in teaching critical thinking and designing a teaching model based on the development of critical thinking and teachers' familiarity with them can become the basis for their use in high schools and increase students' critical thinking skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - The Relationship between perception of social interaction and Learning cognitive Styles to critical thinking in Female High School Students
rezvan homaei Fakhralssadat Fatemi ArdestaniThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between of perception of social interactions and learning cognitive styles to critical thinking in female high school students in Ahvaz. The study was from descriptive and correlational type. A sample incl MoreThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between of perception of social interactions and learning cognitive styles to critical thinking in female high school students in Ahvaz. The study was from descriptive and correlational type. A sample including 250 female high school students were selected. Subjects were tested by the Gela’s Patterns of Social Interaction Inventory (1994), the Kolb Cognitive Learning Style Inventory (1985) and the RickettsCritical Thinking Inventory (2003). To analyze data of the Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used as statistical methods. The results of Pearson correlation showed that there were significant and positive correlations between of perception of social interactions including positive thoughts to critical thinking (0/35) and there was a significant and negative correlation between learning cognitive styles of reflective observation with critical thinking (0/16). But, perception of social interactions in the field of negative thoughts (-0/08), and learning cognitive styles of concrete experience (0/05), abstract conceptualization (0/07), and active experimentation (0/06) had not significant correlation with critical thinking. Regression analysis showed that negative thoughts (reversely), positive thoughts, had multiple relationships to critical thinking and explained 16% of the variance of critical thinking. Also, results showed that positive thoughts and negative thoughts (reversely) were the strongest predictors of critical thinking respectively (P<0.05). So, finding indicate that increasing the perception of social interactions in the field of positive and negative thoughts in promoting critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Developing a Structural Equation Model of Factors Affecting tend to Critical Thinking of Teachers of Karaj Education Dept., District 4.
Kamran Mohammad Khani Amir Hosrin MohammadDavidi Maryam Farokh Nia Background: This study aimed to design a structural equation model of effective factors on the teachers' tendency toward critical thinking. Method: Research statistical population consisted of teachers of district 4 of K More Background: This study aimed to design a structural equation model of effective factors on the teachers' tendency toward critical thinking. Method: Research statistical population consisted of teachers of district 4 of Karaj. Considering that how and what extent the influence of this factors can be done with using structural equation and analyzing of factors. Methods, in terms of descriptive data collection approach, are the kind of measurement and objective. The instrument used in this study is standard questionnaires tended to critical thinking Ricketts, questionnaires for the measuring of ethical leadership is Dahoogh, and to meeting of spiritual intelligence has been applied Heldberent questionnaire and organizational learning based on Nife model, the final question was 57 and 375 samples were randomly selected that sample size is according to category relative formula based on Morgan table. Content reliability of questionnaire was confirmed by experts and other to analyze the data was used Pearson correlation and LISREL software and structural equation modeling. Findings: The result showed that the extent of the tendency critical thinking, emotional, intelligence, ethical leadership and teachers' organizational learning were higher than average value. There was a significant positive correlation between effective factors to critical thinking involving moral leadership, spiritual intelligence and organizational learning. Result: As a result of the factors that could affect critical thinking, ethical leadership, and organizational learning were spiritual intelligence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The effect training of assertiveness program on critical thinking (creativity, development, commitment) second grade girl first school students in the of khorramabad city
Ezatolah ghadampour لیلا یوسف وند پروانه رادمهرAim: The aim of the present study was to examine effect training of assertiveness program on critical thinking (creativity, development, commitment) second grade girl first school students in the of khorramabad city. Method: The study method of sup-experimental with de MoreAim: The aim of the present study was to examine effect training of assertiveness program on critical thinking (creativity, development, commitment) second grade girl first school students in the of khorramabad city. Method: The study method of sup-experimental with design pre-test - post-test and follow-up with the control group. The study population included all high school girl students in second grade Khorramabad city area on public schools in the academic year 1394-95. Sample size of 44 Person (of Person 22 experiment group and Person 22 control group) using multi-stage random cluster were selected. In this study measuring tool, questionnaire critical thinking ricketts (2003). The experimental group was assertiveness program training, after the training Meetings, from both the experimental and control groups post-test and again two months later, both groups were followed up. With of using SPSS - 19 and descriptive and descriptive and inferential test run such as of multivariate analyzes were done. findings :The results study showed that assertiveness program training (cognitive and meta- cognitive) the effect generally critical thinking (P<0/001) and of its sub - components, on development and commitment (P<0/001) but had no effect in component creativity. While the results was preserved in the follow up Phase. Conclusion: Assertiveness program training is to increase students' critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Study the effects of Inquiry-based Instruction on critical thinking in science class
Mosayeb Yar Mohammadi vasel Behnaz Noshadi Hamid Reza Maghami Arash BahramiPurpose: Critical thinking requires that change the thought ,exploring and postulate of students. So the purpose of this research is that Study the effects of Inquiry-based Instruction on critical thinking of students. Method: Research method was quasi-experimental with MorePurpose: Critical thinking requires that change the thought ,exploring and postulate of students. So the purpose of this research is that Study the effects of Inquiry-based Instruction on critical thinking of students. Method: Research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The population of this study consisted of all girl students in fifth grade in hamedan city in 2014. Available sampling method was used in this study, 30 students were selected as subjects of research and perch 15 subjects in the control group and 15 subjects in the experimental group by random sampling. The instrument used in this study was California critical thinking questionnaire. The Inquiry-based Instruction was presented by the investigator in 20 sessions of 45 minutes for experimental group. Research data were analyzed by using covariance analysis. Findings: The findings showed that there was significant difference between level of critical thinking of experimental group and control group in pretest and posttest. So Inquiry-based Instruction in science class had a positive effect on students’ critical thinking. Conclusions: The results showed that Inquiry-based Instruction reiforce critical thinking of students in science class, so to the teachers of this lesson is recommended that attention to role of teaching to Inquiry-based Instruction to enhance their critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Designing Educational model of questioning for Social Studies and investigating the efficiency of the model an understanding concepts and critical thinking
Saeid Mahmoodi bardezardi Eskandar Fathiazar Firooz Mahmoodi Rahim BadriGoal: The present study aims to design Educational model of questioning for Social Studies and to validate its efficiency in conceptual understanding and critical thinking of students grade six of primary school in educational year 95-96. Method: This research is a comb MoreGoal: The present study aims to design Educational model of questioning for Social Studies and to validate its efficiency in conceptual understanding and critical thinking of students grade six of primary school in educational year 95-96. Method: This research is a combinational one and consists of two parts: the first part is allocated to designing an appropriate model of questioning for Social Studies and the second part is related to validating the efficiency of this model in conceptual understanding and critical thinking. In qualitative section synthesis research is used to design models and in quantitative section which aims to test the efficiency of the designed model on scientific concept understanding and critical thinking of student in grade six of primary school, using and experiment we randomly chose 50 male students and divided them experimental group and control group. In order to compare critical thinking and scientific concept understanding of these two groups, Kernels test of critical thinking was used both in pre – test and post - test. The collected data were analyzed using co – variance analytical test. Results:The results in qualitative section led to designing a model with seven dimensions (fundamentals, principals, techniques, procedures, stages, questions, objective, and evaluation). The results in quantitative section indicated that the designed model improved critical thinking and understanding concepts in experiment group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The effectiveness of critical thinking teaching on attitude to creativity and intellectual vitality Lorestan University of medical sciences students
Ezattolah Ghadampour Leila Amirian Sajad KkhodaeiAim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of critical thinking training on the creativity and mental vitality Lorestan University of Medical Sciences students in the academic year of 2017-2018. Method: A semi-experimental research was carried out MoreAim: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of critical thinking training on the creativity and mental vitality Lorestan University of Medical Sciences students in the academic year of 2017-2018. Method: A semi-experimental research was carried out in the form of pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all male and female students of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences. The research sample consisted of 40 students who were selected through purposeful sampling and were randomly assigned to either control or experimental groups of 20 subjects. For measuring attitude toward creativity, before and after the implementation of critical thinking training, Shiferan's attitude to creativity test (2003) and mental health aversion were used from Ryan and Frederick (1997). Critical thinking training for the experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes, and after the course, two groups were subjected to post-test. During this period, no training was performed for the control group. Covariance test was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that teaching critical thinking enhances creativity and intellectual vitality were students (F=6/97, p<0/003). Conclusion: Thus, according to the teaching of critical thinking in creativity and vitality subjective necessity of holding periods are research and training centers in this area is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Impact of Managerial Entrepreneurial Characteristics on Innovative Behavior and Critical Thinking (Case Study: Islamic Azad University Incubator Center of Technology Units)
Reza Yadegari Ebrahim Abbasi Majid Ashrafi Freydon AzmaObjective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the relation between the entrepreneurial personality traits of managers and the innovative behavior of the organization through critical thinking of managers in growth centers and technology units of Islamic Aza MoreObjective: The purpose of this research was to investigate the relation between the entrepreneurial personality traits of managers and the innovative behavior of the organization through critical thinking of managers in growth centers and technology units of Islamic Azad University using descriptive and correlational method at the level of organizational analysis. Methods: The statistical population of the managers of knowledge-based companies is the active base of these centers in 2018, of which 270 were reported. The sample size was calculated using 155 Morgan table and returned to 145 questionnaires. The Personality Characteristics Questionnaire of Entrepreneurs (2008), Ritz Thinking (2009) and Johnson's Innovative Behavior (2010) have been used to collect information. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (23 version) for structural equation modeling of PLS axis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Pearson correlation coefficient, simple and multiple regression, and structural equation modeling. Results: Results showed that with increasing critical thinking of managers, their entrepreneurial personality traits and innovative behavior increased. Also, the results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the entrepreneurial personality traits of managers and the organizational behavior through critical thinking of managers. Conclusion: The managers of the companies have tried to be more creative and use their knowledge and skills in new ways to achieve valuable results and to be aware of the complexities of the real issues; they are critical, and for reasoning and prediction positions that require reasoning are prepared so innovative behavior and entrepreneurial personality traits have increased in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - The Effect of Robotic Structures Teaching on Critical Thinking, Creativity and Learning of Mathematical in Tehran Junior High School studnts
Monireh sadat Sajadi Morteza Shahmoradi Mahtab SalimiPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching robotic structures on critical thinking and creativity and mathematic learning of Junior High School studnts. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttes MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of teaching robotic structures on critical thinking and creativity and mathematic learning of Junior High School studnts. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study includes all Tehran Junior High School studnts in 6th district of Tehran in the academic year 1396-1397. Using multistage cluster sampling, 40 subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. To collect information, Torrance Creativity Questionnaire (1992), California Critical Thinking (1990) and mathematical lesson test were used to measure students' learning. Before the training, the questionnaires were completed by two groups of experimental and control groups. Then, in the experimental group, robotic structures were trained for 12 sessions. After completing the training, both groups were tested. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (single-variable covariance analysis). Findings: education with robotic structures has a significant effect on the creativity dimensions of initiative, flexibility and expansion of Junior High School studnts and on the dimensions of evaluation, inference and deductive reasoning of 'critical thinking as well as thehas effect on students' mathematic learning. The training of robotic structures does not have a significant effect on the fluidity of creativity and in the dimensions of the analytic and deductive reasoning of critical thinking. Conclusion: education with robotic structures has effect on creativity, critical thinking and mathematic learning of Junior High School studnts and increases creativity, critical thinking, and improving their mathematical learning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Investigating the relationship between self-awareness and creativity and critical thinking of sixth grade elementary school female students in Pishva
Fariba Hoseina Esmaeil Saedi poraim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-awareness and creativity and critical thinking in sixth grade elementary school female students in Pishva.Method: The research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of the t Moreaim: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-awareness and creativity and critical thinking in sixth grade elementary school female students in Pishva.Method: The research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of the type of research and descriptive-survey method. statistical population consisted of 391 students in sixth grade elementary school girls in Pishva that 193 students were selected as a sample by cluster random sampling method. Cooper's self-awareness, Abedi's creativity and California critical thinking questionnaires were provided to students. After collecting the questionnaires, the data were analyzed by correlation method and SPSS software.Results: The results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between self-awareness and creativity and critical thinking in sixth grade elementary school girls in Pishva and also there is a positive and significant relationship between creativity and critical thinking.Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it can be said that high levels of self-awareness are directly related to high levels of creativity and critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Investigating the effect of critical thinking on creative self-concept with the mediating role of openness to diversity and challenge (case study: employees of Payam Noor University, Isfahan province)
Maysam Chekin Hamed Fazeli Kebria farshid aslani Mohsen AslaniObjective: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of critical thinking on creative self-concept with the mediating role of openness to diversity and challenge at Payam Noor University in Isfahan province.Method: The research method was descr MoreObjective: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of critical thinking on creative self-concept with the mediating role of openness to diversity and challenge at Payam Noor University in Isfahan province.Method: The research method was descriptive-survey and applied. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the employees of Payam Noor University of Isfahan province, and at the time of the research (year 1401), their number was 900. The sample size was 270 people using the Karjesi and Morgan table and was selected completely randomly. The tools used were Bravo et al.'s critical thinking tendency scale, Kaufman and Bauer's creative self-concept questionnaire, and Bowman's openness to challenge and diversity scale. Data analysis was done using SPSS and Smart PLS software.Results: The results obtained from this research showed that critical thinking has a positive and significant effect on both creative self-concept and openness to diversity and challenge. Also, the mediating role of openness to diversity and challenge among the influence of critical thinking on creative self-concept was proven. Therefore, the final results indicated a positive and significant effect of critical thinking on creative self-concept with the mediating role of openness to diversity and challenges in the employees of Payam Noor University, Isfahan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Effectiveness of TRIZ Program on Problem Solving skills with an emphasis on the Mediating roles of Critical Thinking and School Belonging
Narges Bahrami Seyed Ali Hosseini almadani Saeed Motovali Fateme KhoieiniBackground: Problem-solving is a valuable skill that can be improved by using a creative problem-solving training program(TRIZ). This concept can have positive academic and non-academic consequences for students and prepare them to face various challenges and problems. MoreBackground: Problem-solving is a valuable skill that can be improved by using a creative problem-solving training program(TRIZ). This concept can have positive academic and non-academic consequences for students and prepare them to face various challenges and problems. Objective: The main aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the TRIZ program on problem-solving skills with an emphasis on the mediating roles of critical thinking and school belonging. Method: The research design was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test and control group with a follow-up period in which 30 students were selected by the convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups. The statistical population of the study included all sixth-grade elementary school girls in District 5 of Tehran in the academic year of 2019-2020. In three phases of pre-test, posttest, and follow-up, the groups answered Ricketts' critical thinking questionnaire, Cassidy-Long Problem-Solving Questionnaire, and students' sense of connectedness with school of Brew, Beatty, and Watt (2004). To analyze the data, the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes Model was used in the form of partial least squares. Results: The results showed that the TRIZ program could promote critical thinking and school belonging directly as well as problem-solving skills indirectly. In sum, in the experimental model and follow-up model, path coefficients were identified as significant. The conceptual model of post-test research could explain 51% of the variance of school belonging, 41% of critical thinking variance as well as 56% of problem-solving skills. Conclusion: These results indicate the importance and the impact of the TRIZ program in an educational environment that helps teachers for using it in an effective way in order to promote problem-solving skills, critical thinking and school Belonging Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The effect of applied drama on creativity and critical thinking of fourth grade students in Tehran
Zahra Hasanzadeh chaijani Hamidreza Maghami Mohammad reza Nili ahmadabadi Aَrash Abrazi bakhshayeshThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applied drama teaching methods on creativity and critical thinking among students. The present study is a quantitative type and its method is quasi-experimental and the pre-test-post-test design of one group was use MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of applied drama teaching methods on creativity and critical thinking among students. The present study is a quantitative type and its method is quasi-experimental and the pre-test-post-test design of one group was used. Palestine 2 and will eventually be replaced by the experimental and control groups. The data collection tool in this study was a questionnaire. Torrance creativity and Critical thinking of Fashion test was used to measure creativity. The method of teaching applied drama was performed during 10 training sessions. The collected data were analyzed using statistical method of dependent groups. Findings showed that the method of teaching drama has a positive and significant effect on students' creativity. The results showed that the drama teaching method had a positive and significant effect on students' critical thinking. The results showed that the method of teaching applied drama has an effect on the components of creativity and critical thinking among students. As a result, teachers and educators should try to promote students' creativity and critical thinking by using applied drama teaching methods and providing appropriate educational models Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Role of Organizational Culture in Organizational Citizenship Behavior Mediated by the Tendency to Critical Thinking of Secondary School Teachers in District 1 of Khorramabad
Moslem Ghobadiyan Asghar Nazarpourian Hafez Padervand Hosien AbbasiObjective: The aim of this study was the role of organizational culture in organizational citizenship behavior mediated by the tendency to critical thinking. The research method is descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all secondary school teacher MoreObjective: The aim of this study was the role of organizational culture in organizational citizenship behavior mediated by the tendency to critical thinking. The research method is descriptive correlation. The statistical population included all secondary school teachers in district one of Khorramabad city in the academic year 1399-400. 265 people (147 females, 118 males) were selected as the research sample by relative stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Denison (2000) Organizational Culture Questionnaire, Farah and Oregon (1997) Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire, and Ricketts (2003). Pearson correlation coefficient, structural equation model and good fit indices were used to analyze the research data and bootstrap method was used to investigate the indirect relationships of the paths. Findings: The findings of this study showed that the hypothetical model of organizational citizenship behavior based on organizational culture mediated by the tendency to critical thinking of secondary school teachers in district one of Khorramabad city is worthy of the data. The results of structural equation model showed that organizational culture has a direct effect on organizational citizenship behavior and tendency to critical thinking (p <0/01); Also, the path coefficient β from the tendency to critical thinking to organizational citizenship behavior is statistically significant (p <0/01).Indirect results of the paths showed that organizational culture does not have an indirect effect on organizational citizenship behavior through the mediation of the tendency to critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The role of creativity in the prediction of critical thinking and happiness
A. Allah Karami Kh. Aliabadi Background: One of the unique features of human is thinking power. Since creativity as the ability of the human mind plays a major role in human problem solving and innovation, examine various aspects of it is research priority in the contemporary world. Objectiv More Background: One of the unique features of human is thinking power. Since creativity as the ability of the human mind plays a major role in human problem solving and innovation, examine various aspects of it is research priority in the contemporary world. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the contribution of creativity and its components in predicting students' critical thinking and happiness in the grade three students of Ghods town in the academic year of 1391-92. Method: To select sample, two-stage cluster method was used so that 110 students were selected. The questionnaires to collect data were Abedi Creativity, California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST), and Oxford Happiness. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and multiple regression were used. Result(s): The findings Indicated a significant positive correlation between creativity and critical thinking and happiness respectively. Multiple regression showed Fluency, Elaboration, and Originality are significant predictors for critical thinking. But, Flexibility is not a significant prediction for critical thinking and all the components of creativity are significant predictors for happiness. Conclusion: Creativity and its components are predictors of critical thinking and happiness. Due to the nature of creativity that can be taught, special attention should be paid to it in the scientific and educational policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - A Study on the Efficacy of a Combination of Critical Thinking and Critical Thinking on Self-Directed Learning among High-School Students in Qom
Jacethe Salibi Fahimeh Hassani Beheshteh Niusha Background: Meeting the twenty-first century challenges with its environmental, social and economic pressures, has a complex requires creative, innovative, energetic, adaptable, motivated youth with having confidence and skills as to develop purposefully th More Background: Meeting the twenty-first century challenges with its environmental, social and economic pressures, has a complex requires creative, innovative, energetic, adaptable, motivated youth with having confidence and skills as to develop purposefully their critical thinking and creativity. Purpose: This article explains the efficacy of a combination of critical thinking and creative thinking, self-directed learning on high-school girls in Qom. Method: The study was a pilot pretest - posttest control group with a sample group of some 105 people chosen in a cluster random sample group in terms of age, gender, baseline, career score of scholastic aptitude cloning were carried out after conducting the pretest questionnaire with self-directed learning Fischer and colleagues (2001) randomly divided into control and experimental groups of 25 subjects, respectively. Data obtained from scoring the analysis of covariance (Ancova) and multivariate analysis of covariance (Mancova) were analyzed. Results: Data analysis showed that teaching critical thinking and creative combination of self-directed learning and all its components (willingness to learn, self-management and self-control) has a significant impact. Conclusion: With the integration of critical thinking and creative thinking, willingness to learn, self-control and self-management students increased, thus motivating the use of learning strategies, the spirit of self-reliance and achievement of students over a semester. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The Effects of Bono’s Six Hats Technique on Students’ Critical Thinking and Creativity
Eskandar Fat’hi Azar Rahim Badri Gargari Ghafour Ahrari Background: Critical thinking, critical disposition and creativity skills are regarded to be as important output of any educational system. The rapid changes of todays' world in all aspects of life, information explosion and lack of thinking skills e.g. critical More Background: Critical thinking, critical disposition and creativity skills are regarded to be as important output of any educational system. The rapid changes of todays' world in all aspects of life, information explosion and lack of thinking skills e.g. critical thinking and creativity in students to cope with future problems have emphasized the crucial of these skills. Purpose:This study intended to help students to develop their mental skills by de Bono’s six thinking hats technique. This technique covers every topics and problems from different points and dimensions. Six colorful hats e.g. positive, negative, affection, creative, impartial, and control specifies six points of view. Method:Pre–post, test control group design was applied to gain these aims. California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) - Farsi Version- and Abedi’s Creativity test were used to examine the effects. Since the groups were intact (school classes), Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for total scores of scales and their subscales were carried out after the intervention. Result(s): The results show significant difference (higher) of disposition in experimental group, but no significant difference in creativity among the groups. Conclusion: The direct instruction of thinking skills by six thinking hats technique can boost student's critical thinking disposition, but not creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The role of conflict resolution strategies and critical thinking in prediction puberty period mental health of girl students
Morteza Tarkhan Nazanin Fahimi Aim: The purpose of this research was to predict conflict resolution strategies and critical thinking in the puberty period mental health of girl students. Method: The research method in this study was a 'correlation' type. Statistical population of this More Aim: The purpose of this research was to predict conflict resolution strategies and critical thinking in the puberty period mental health of girl students. Method: The research method in this study was a 'correlation' type. Statistical population of this research was all girl high school students of Tonekabon city that as between those 150 people were selected by simple randomization. The research instruments are questionnaires consisting of critical thinking skills test-cutest California & weeks Conflict Resolution strategies questionnaires (CRQ) and Kumar mental health checklist (MHC). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and analysis of multiple regression analysis with the stepwise method and SPSS software were performed. Findings: The calculated determination coefficient (R2) showed that each of the strategies of conflict resolution explains the part of the puberty period of mental health. So that view conflict as natural and positive 14.36 percent, open up options for Mutual gain 8.68 percent, make mutual-benefit agreements 6.22 percent, note needs not wants 5.07 percent, clarify perception 3.12 percent, Step-by-step targeting up to 2.87%, focus on the future first and then learn from the past 2.45 percent, extra consideration 1.85 percent, Atmosphere 1.62 percent, Open up options for mutual gain 1.50 percent, critical thinking 5.12 percent and totaling 52.86 percent was explained common variance of mental health of Students. Conclusion: The purpose of this research in the encouragement of other investigation findings showed that correct application of conflict resolution strategies and critical thinking have a basic role in providing puberty period mental health of girl students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - A Comparative Study of Experiential Learning Cycle in Human and Nonhuman Environments: Critical Thinking, Reading Comprehension, and Vocabulary Development
Somayeh Sahebalzamani Amin Naeimi Mehry Haddad NarafshanEducational experts posit that technology-based experiences can augment students’ academic performance and foster their critical thinking ability. In this study, the efficacy of human-mediated and non-human-mediated environments was compared in terms of Kolb’s experient MoreEducational experts posit that technology-based experiences can augment students’ academic performance and foster their critical thinking ability. In this study, the efficacy of human-mediated and non-human-mediated environments was compared in terms of Kolb’s experiential learning cycle, concerning the critical thinking, reading comprehension, and vocabulary development of young English language learners. Over a period of four months, two groups of 60 learners (30 in each group) were exposed to mediation via two modalities: teacher-made and computer-made mediators. Pre-tests and post-tests were deployed to gauge learners’ progress in critical thinking, reading comprehension, and vocabulary development. The findings evinced those learners who received technology-mediated instruction outperformed the teacher-mediated group in terms of critical thinking, vocabulary development, and reading comprehension. It is evident that learners who interacted with a computer mediator trumped those who interacted with a human-made mediator, i.e., the teacher. This could be attributed to the alluring features of non-human mediators (technology), which are evidently more compelling than their human Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Effect of Advertising Literacy Education on Children's Critical Thinking in Facing Commercial Messages
Somayeh Kiarrsi Seyed Foad Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
65 - The Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills of primary school teachers
samira pasbar maryam sameriTarget of research was to Study Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills in primary school teachers in Urmia. The research was correlational. The population was primary MoreTarget of research was to Study Relationship between basic psychological needs and self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation role of critical thinking skills in primary school teachers in Urmia. The research was correlational. The population was primary school teachers In area 1 of Urmia education in the academic year of 2016-2017 (1570 persons). A sample of randomly stratified by gender, with 310 Morgan table was set. Data were collected using questionnaires, Basic psychological needs (Guardia, Deci and Ryan, 2000), Self-consistency (Ghorbani, Watson and Hargys, 2008), Preferred teaching style (Mousapour, 1998) and Short form of critical thinking skills (Watson and Glaser, 1980) obtained and with software SPSS, and with Pearson correlation test and Sobel test were analyzed. Results showed Basic psychological needs with preferred teaching style negative relationship; Self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style positive relationship have but Basic psychological needs, Self-Knowledge and the preferred teaching style with Critical thinking skills, there was no relationship. Among Basic psychological needs and Self-Knowledge with preferred teaching style by mediation Critical thinking skills there was no relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Develop of Critical Thinking based on the Content Analysis of Attar's Mantegh-Altir
Faramarz Muhammadipouya Sina Torkashvand sohrab mohammadipouyaPresent study was aimed at identifying critical thinking evidences in Attar,s Mantegh-Altir by making use of qualitative and conceptual analysis. Critical thinking was analyzed and its elements were identified through theoretical study and then critical thinking evidenc MorePresent study was aimed at identifying critical thinking evidences in Attar,s Mantegh-Altir by making use of qualitative and conceptual analysis. Critical thinking was analyzed and its elements were identified through theoretical study and then critical thinking evidences of Attar's Mantegh-Altir were analyzed by content analysis. To do so, all poem of Attar's Mantegh-Altir were studied and those with meanings related to critical thinking elements were identified and analyzed regarding two positions of each sentence, namely the address of each poem, and its related background. Findings of the study led to identifying nine elements for critical thinking (inquiring spirit, judgment with criteria, reasoning, analysis, impartiality, Methodism, objectivism, truth seeking, and flexibility), then for each element some evidences were extracted from Attar's Mantegh-Altir. Results indicate that Attar's Mantegh-Altir firmly emphasizes on all aspects of critical thinking, especially on inquiring spirit, truth seeking and judgment with criteria. So mystical texts could be useful in the development of critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Evaluating and Analizing the content of hadiyehay Aseman in Elementary period, on The basis of critical Thinking skils.
حسین کریمیان FAEZEH NATEGY MOHAMMAD SAIFIAbstract : The goal is to evaluate and analize the content of hadiyehay Aseman on The basis of lipmen critical thinking in (analizing , compounding , evaluating and explaining ) level. The method is descriptive – Analgtic from The kind of content analgsis. The st MoreAbstract : The goal is to evaluate and analize the content of hadiyehay Aseman on The basis of lipmen critical thinking in (analizing , compounding , evaluating and explaining ) level. The method is descriptive – Analgtic from The kind of content analgsis. The statistical society is The hole content of hadiyehay Asemani,s book that contains all of The books in second and sixth educational period which all of the books are chosen as a sample . The tool of data collecting is The researcher – made checklist on The basis of lipmen yualification with special apparent admissibility . The data collected of mentioned books shown : 1- There is a difference between attendant rate of books in educational ranks to critical thinking on different levels. 2- The level of analizing in critical skils between all books is lesser than desirable extent . 3- The combined skill in hadiyehay Aseman,s critical thinking skils is lesser ihan expectation . 4- The level of evaluating related to critical thinking skils in all of the books of elementary period,s hadigehay aseman is lesser than desirable extent . 5- The explaining,s skil of critical thinking skils in hadiyehay aseman elementary period (unless) is further than skils but it is letter than expectation . 6- Totallg, The attendance scale of hadigehag Aseman books with critical thinking is in low level . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The study effectiveness of media literacy education on the critical thinking skills of students
فاطمه کرمانشاهی فریبا عزالدین mehdi badaliBecause in today's world the media are a key element in human societies, media literacy education is considered one of the basic requirements for the citizens. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of media literacy education on the critical thinki MoreBecause in today's world the media are a key element in human societies, media literacy education is considered one of the basic requirements for the citizens. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of media literacy education on the critical thinking skills of students. In this study, quasi-experimental and pretest-posttest design with control group was used. The study population in all the First base high school students of Tehran city. Use random sampling of the population, was a school, secondary school, two classes in first grade that one of these classes were randomly assigned as the experimental group and the control group formed another class. Methods This was a first for both groups (experimental and control) pretest California Critical Thinking was done, then the lesson plan 8 meeting teaching media literacy for the experimental group was the control group, no training could not be applied immediately after the training media literacy for testing, test critical thinking skills for both groups and eventually using covariance and semi-structured interviews was conducted to analyze the data. The results showed that the use of teaching media literacy on the critical thinking skills and 4 after it (analysis, evaluation, inference and inductive reasoning) than the deductive reasoning has a significant positive impact and can develop essential skills in students be. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The role of creative thinking, analytical thinking and critical thinking in predicting the academic achievement of secondary school students
Amir Vashani Faranak Mosavi Yahya SalariThe main objective of this study was to determine the contribution of creative thinking, analytical thinking and critical thinking to predict the academic achievement changes of secondary school students. This study is a descriptive-correlational research. The populatio MoreThe main objective of this study was to determine the contribution of creative thinking, analytical thinking and critical thinking to predict the academic achievement changes of secondary school students. This study is a descriptive-correlational research. The population used for this study consist of 1681 secondary school students in theoretical branch in the sity of Sonqor in the year 2016. The sample consisted of 530 students selected through stratified random sampling and Krejcy and Morgan tables (1970) was used to estimate sample size. The instruments used in this study were: Rickets's critical thinking scale (2003) and Peter Honey's Creative Thinking and analytical thinking translated by Yousefi and et al (1384). The instruments were validated by experts and the reliability of the instruments was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient, the comparisons of independent sample t-test and multiple regression analysis.Findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship between the critical thinking and creative thinking with academic achievement, and there is a significant negative relationship between the analytic thinking and academic achievement. Critical thinking and creative thinking with = 0.531 and = 0.272, respectively, were the positive and signficant predictors of academic achievement. There was a statistically significant difference between critical thinking, creative thinking and analytical thinking of male and female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The effectiveness of aesthetic education on critical thinking and creative teaching of Farhangian University of student teachers
ali ebrahiminia Firoozeh zangene motlagh hamid Jafarian yasar Mozhgan Mohammadi Naeen Mohammadi NaeenIThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aesthetic-cognitive training on critical thinking and creative teaching of Farhangian University students and teachers in the academic year 2020-2021. The research method was quasi-experimental in a pre-test and post- MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of aesthetic-cognitive training on critical thinking and creative teaching of Farhangian University students and teachers in the academic year 2020-2021. The research method was quasi-experimental in a pre-test and post-test design and was performed as a case study on 60 students of educational sciences of Qom Farhangian University who were randomly selected in clusters. A 90-minute session was taught based on the constructivist approach (E5). Measurement tools included two standard questionnaires, California Critical Thinking (1994) and Chaoyang Creative Teaching (2005). The reliability of the California Critical Thinking Questionnaire in this study was 0.91 and the reliability of the Chaoyang Creative Teaching Questionnaire was 0.89. Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 25 was used for data analysis. The results showed that the educational package of aesthetic education has been significantly (with 99% confidence) effective in improving the critical thinking and creative teaching of students and teachers. Therefore, based on the results of the present study, aesthetic education can be considered as an appropriate and effective strategy to improve critical thinking and creative teaching of students and teachers of Farhangian University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - curriculum model peresnt of intellectual Skills(critical thinking and crative thinking ) for undergraduate curriculum palnning specialise view
masoud ysefzadeh the aim of in this study, curriculum model peresnt of intellectual Skills for undergraduate research has been done. in this is research from type of field researchs statistical community of curriculum palnning specialise (54) , the number o More the aim of in this study, curriculum model peresnt of intellectual Skills for undergraduate research has been done. in this is research from type of field researchs statistical community of curriculum palnning specialise (54) , the number of samples based on Morgan Table (48) ,method of simple random sampling and data collection tool by from the made researcher.This research including is the following six questions: 1- in intellectual skills curriculum to which one of aims of the cognitive domain should be attention? 2 - in intellectual skills curriculum objectives to which one of aims of the emotional domain should be considered ? 3 –in intellectualskills curriculum to which content organizing in Vertical should be considered ? 4 - in intellectual skills curriculum to which content organizing in horizontal should be considered? 5 - in intellectual skills curriculum to which methods of teaching should be considered? 6 -in intellectual skills curriculum which evaluation practices should be considered? The results show that from the viewpoint of curriculum planning experts the cognitive area should be considered on the purposes(knowledge ,conception, application, analysis, compound and evaluation),the emotional area purposes( attention,answer,evaluation ,values organization and value crystallization on personality),the content organization on horizontal dimension (making parallel of fields, interfiled, extrafield),the content organization on vertical dimension (making parallel of fields,interfiled,extrafield),the teaching method(problem solving method, group lecture, questioning and answering, exploratory and performing) and the evaluation instruments (written and oral examinations, the reports related to the projects, the observation of behavior in class, group-evaluation and self- evaluation)for the design of intellectual skills curriculum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Evaluating and Analizing the content of hadiyehay Aseman in Elementary period, on The basis of critical Thinking skils.
hossin karimian faeze nadeghi mohamad seyfiThe goal is to evaluate and analize the content of hadiyehay Aseman on The basis of lipmen critical thinking in (analizing , compounding , evaluating and explaining ) level. The method is descriptive – Analgtic from The kind of content analgsis. The statisti MoreThe goal is to evaluate and analize the content of hadiyehay Aseman on The basis of lipmen critical thinking in (analizing , compounding , evaluating and explaining ) level. The method is descriptive – Analgtic from The kind of content analgsis. The statistical society is The hole content of hadiyehay Asemani,s book that contains all of The books in second and sixth educational period which all of the books are chosen as a sample . The tool of data collecting is The researcher – made checklist on The basis of lipmen yualification with special apparent admissibility . The data collected of mentioned books shown : 1- There is a difference between attendant rate of books in educational ranks to critical thinking on different levels. 2- The level of analizing in critical skils between all books is lesser than desirable extent . 3- The combined skill in hadiyehay Aseman,s critical thinking skils is lesser ihan expectation . 4- The level of evaluating related to critical thinking skils in all of the books of elementary period,s hadigehay aseman is lesser than desirable extent . 5- The explaining,s skil of critical thinking skils in hadiyehay aseman elementary period (unless) is further than skils but it is letter than expectation . 6- Totallg, The attendance scale of hadigehag Aseman books with critical thinking is in low level . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - An investigation of the relationship between critical thinking and self-esteem in students of Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch
فریده HashemiannejhadResearch shows that critical thinking skills account for a significanpart of variance in mental hygiene. This fact has been given dueattention by international organizations such UNESCO and UNICEFIn response to the demands of modern life and labor market, this studyaims MoreResearch shows that critical thinking skills account for a significanpart of variance in mental hygiene. This fact has been given dueattention by international organizations such UNESCO and UNICEFIn response to the demands of modern life and labor market, this studyaims at investigating the relationship between critical thinking andself-esteem in university students. It is a descriptive correlationaresearch. The research population includes 300 students of IslamicAzad University, Mashhad Branch, studying in four departments. Theresearch instruments are Watson Glazer’s critical thinkingquestionnaire and Copper Smith’s measure of self-esteem. One-wayregression, multiple-variable regression, coefficient of determinationand Mann-Whitney U-test were applied to analyze the data. Theresults show that there is a positive and significant relationshipbetween critical thinking and self-esteem(0.160). Coefficient odetermination in multiple-variable regression is 0.047. Self-esteemaccount for 4.7 percent of critical thinking. Academic self-esteem playa more significant role in the variance of critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Investigating the Effect of Critical Thinking with the Approach of Political Behavior and Public Policies of the Government on the Promotion of Organizational Health in State-Owned Banks
avazallah sarfaraz Caramallah Danshfard abdolkhalegh gholamiThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of critical thinking on promoting office health. In the qualitative part, the Delphi method was used and in the quantitative part, structural equation modeling was used. In the Delphi approach, the opinions of 12 he MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of critical thinking on promoting office health. In the qualitative part, the Delphi method was used and in the quantitative part, structural equation modeling was used. In the Delphi approach, the opinions of 12 heads of different branches of Melli Bank and Sepah Shahr in Isfahan were collected through interviews and after analysis, 33 variables in the form of 6 main categories of search and facts, free-thinking, analysis, systematization, trust in His ability and curiosity to improve the administrative health system were determined. All structures have the necessary validity and reliability as well as all 6 main variables are effective in promoting the health of the administrative system. Finally, it can be said that organizational managers should consider the six variables obtained in this study as variables that can improve administrative health in state-owned banks in Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - The Effects of Concept Mapping and Critical Thinking Test Strategies on EFL Iranian Learners' Reading Comprehension
Ata Maleki Zeynab Chegini -
Open Access Article
76 - The Relationship Between Vocabulary Recall and Critical Thinking
Reihaneh Sheikhy Behdani Mojgan Rashtchi -
Open Access Article
77 - Impact of Neuro-linguistic Programming (NLP) on EFL Learners' Writing Achievement and Critical Thinking
Hadi Salehi Sara Karimi -
Open Access Article
78 - Exploring the Traits and Behaviors of Spiritual Followers Using Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference Systems
Syyad Mehdi Alvani Golamreza Memarzadeh Tehran Mahmood Alborzi Hosein KazemiWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individua MoreWith the entry of spirituality in the research of organizations and management, a considerable improvement has occurred. For a long time, spirituality excluded from surveying, but increasing research showed that it related to and integrated a lot of results in individual, organizational and society levels. Recent studies in the realm of spirituality and spiritual leadership, only paid attention to spiritual leader and spiritual workplace, and ignored the roles of followers in leadership equation. This paper, with a developmental approach, and after using experts' opinions, aims to identify the traits and behaviors of spiritual followers and explore the roles of them in the leadership effectiveness. After analyzing data, using adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems, the results show that followers' virtue, critical thinking, active engagement, self-awareness and altruism have a significance role in exploring leadership effectiveness and the roles of followers' maturity and self-esteem, in leadership effectiveness, are not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Evaluate the critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the province
mohammad salehi Mohammad HajizadThe purpose of this study was to investigate critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran province. Methods This study is a description of the type of survey, population research faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the p MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran province. Methods This study is a description of the type of survey, population research faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the province is Number 1750 people.A sample table of Morgan 320 farmers were selected randomly. Demographic questionnaire, 34 questions about the reliability of critical thinking Kaliforniya in stages by Islami (0/77) Bigdeli (0/73) Asgari (0/68) and in this study, Cronbach's alpha (0/79) were obtained.Descriptive and inferential statistical methods in two parts (T Analysis of Variance) was conducted.The result showed that the critical faculty is the acceptable level of critical thinking skills among different educational groups and no significant differences between male and female faculty members there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Evaluate the critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the province
Mohammad Salehi Mohammad SalehiThe purpose of this study was to investigate critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran province. Methods This study is a description of the type of survey, population research faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the p MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate critical thinking skills of faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Mazandaran province. Methods This study is a description of the type of survey, population research faculty members of Islamic Azad Universities in the province is Number 1750 people.A sample table of Morgan 320 farmers were selected randomly. Demographic questionnaire, 34 questions about the reliability of critical thinking Kaliforniya in stages by Islami (0/77) Bigdeli (0/73) Asgari (0/68) and in this study, Cronbach's alpha (0/79) were obtained.Descriptive and inferential statistical methods in two parts (T Analysis of Variance) was conducted.The result showed that the critical faculty is the acceptable level of critical thinking skills among different educational groups and no significant differences between male and female faculty members there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Study of Critical thinking skill of Students of Rehabilitation in the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences (2012-13)
Hamid Sabzi Khoshnami Zeynab Abazari Golamreza Ghaed Amini Davood GhasemzadehToday, most experts believe that critical thinking provides understanding and knowledge assessment for learners, and it is vital for working decision makings, clinical judgment, professional success and effective participation in community activities. Regarding the prac MoreToday, most experts believe that critical thinking provides understanding and knowledge assessment for learners, and it is vital for working decision makings, clinical judgment, professional success and effective participation in community activities. Regarding the practicality of the rehabilitation graduates functions; this study was conducted to study critical thinking skills in students of University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences. The research method is correlation, and 221 students were selected by using multi-stage random sampling and critical thinking test was given. For data analysis of the descriptive tests, the Independent T-test, r Pearson Reliability and One-way ANOVA were used. The results of ANOVA showed that there is no significant difference between the mean score of students ' critical thinking skills in terms of the total score and each of the subscales, (F=.698; p=0.594). There is a significant difference in the total score of critical thinking among students of different academic levels, (F=4.87; p=0.009). Also, there is no significant difference between mean of critical thinking (and its subscales) of the students and each of the variables of age, sex and location. The relationship between educational level and marital status and critical thinking skills is significant (p=0.01). The students' total score of critical thinking is in moderate to good, and in terms of their subscales is in lower moderate. In other words, students' critical thinking is not in good condition so appropriate revision of curricula and teaching critical thinking workshops can be effective for students in solving this challenge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - توانایی تفکر انتقادی و عملکرد درک مطلب دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی زبان انگلیسی
رضا واثقی راضیه صدوقی وصال آیات -
Open Access Article
83 - آیا مهارت های تفکر انتقادی موجب موفقیت در تدریس زبان می شود؟ مطالعه موردی معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی بر اساس جنسیت و مقطع تحصیلی آنها
حمید اشرف هانیه گرمابی مهری بختیاری فیندریاین تحقیق برای بررسی اینکه آیا بین تفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و موفقیت در تدریس رابطه معناداری وجوددارد یا خیر انجام شده است. برای این منظور، از 113 معلم زن و مرد زبان انگلیسی در ایران خواسته شد پرسشنامهواتسون گلاسر را تکمیل کنند. علاوه بر این، از دانش آموزان این Moreاین تحقیق برای بررسی اینکه آیا بین تفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و موفقیت در تدریس رابطه معناداری وجوددارد یا خیر انجام شده است. برای این منظور، از 113 معلم زن و مرد زبان انگلیسی در ایران خواسته شد پرسشنامهواتسون گلاسر را تکمیل کنند. علاوه بر این، از دانش آموزان این معلمان خواسته شد تا به سوالات پرسشنامهویژگی های مدرسان موفق در تدریس زبان خارجی پاسخ دهند. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری داده ها نشان داد که بینتفکر انتقادی معلمان زبان انگلیسی و موفقیتشان در تدریس رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. علاوه بر این، یافته ها نشانداد که تفاوت معناداری بین معلمان زن و مرد در ارتباط با تفکر انتقادی آنها وجود دارد، و اینکه معلمان دارای مدرکلیسانس با معلمان دارای مدرک فوق دیپلم از لحاظ تفکر انتقادی متفاوت هستند. به طور خاص، معلمان مرد دارایمدرک لیسانس بیشترین بهره از تفکر انتقادی را دارا بودند. Manuscript profile -
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84 - بسوی ارائه تعریف عملیاتی از تفکر نقادانه
پرویز بیرجندی محمدباقر باقری پرویز مفتونین مقاله با پیشنهاد تعریفی عملی و بروز از تفکر نقادانه زمینه لازم برای ارائه تعریفی عملیاتی از این انگاره پیچیده را فراهم می آورد. پس از بررسی دقیق تعریفها والگوهای پیشنهاد شده توسط صاحب نظران این رشته، مشخصه های اصلی این مفهوم گسترده شناسایی و دسته بندی گردید وتعریفی ع Moreین مقاله با پیشنهاد تعریفی عملی و بروز از تفکر نقادانه زمینه لازم برای ارائه تعریفی عملیاتی از این انگاره پیچیده را فراهم می آورد. پس از بررسی دقیق تعریفها والگوهای پیشنهاد شده توسط صاحب نظران این رشته، مشخصه های اصلی این مفهوم گسترده شناسایی و دسته بندی گردید وتعریفی عملی مطابق با توصیفگرهای اصلی بدست آمده پیشنهاد شد.این تعریف دارای سه مولفه اصلی است که عبارتند از: تجزیه و تحلیل ذهن، ارزیابی داده ها و تفکردرآموزش. سپس عناصرتشکیل دهنده هر یک ازاین سه مولفه شناسایی و دسته بندی شد به گونه ای که پیچیدگی موجود دراین انگاره را بتوان درقالب یک الگو به تصویر کشید. دراین مقاله عناصر سازنده تفکر نقادانه به گونه ای صورت بندی شده است که بتوان تعریفی عملیاتی از آن ارائه کرد. دو دلیل اصلی برای انجام این پژوهش وجود داشت. نخست اینکه انگاره تفکر نقادانه درطول زمان رشد کرده وبه صورت مفهومی چند لایه درآمده که مجموعه ای از توانایی های ذهنی و خصلت های فکری را در بر می گیرد. دوم اینکه علیرغم به رسمیت شناخته شدن نقش بی بدیل تفکر نقادانه در آموزش، از قابلیت های آن برای رسیدن به اهداف آموزشی بهره لازم برده نمی شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - ارتباط بین تفکر نقادانه زبان آموزان زن و مرد ایرانی با ِیادگیری مستقل آنها
Nasser Ghafoori ناصر غفورییکی از اهداف اصلی برنامه آموزشی در قرن اخیر توسعه استدلال منطقی و یادگیری مستقل در کودکان بوده است. این کار به منظور آن انجام می شود که به آنها تعلیم داده شود که چطور در اجتماع یک فرد فعال و پویا باشند. پژوهش حاضر سعی می کند تا ارتباط توانایی استدلال انتقادی و یادگیری م Moreیکی از اهداف اصلی برنامه آموزشی در قرن اخیر توسعه استدلال منطقی و یادگیری مستقل در کودکان بوده است. این کار به منظور آن انجام می شود که به آنها تعلیم داده شود که چطور در اجتماع یک فرد فعال و پویا باشند. پژوهش حاضر سعی می کند تا ارتباط توانایی استدلال انتقادی و یادگیری مستقل زبان آموزان انگلیسی ایرانی مونث و مذکر را بسنجد. جهت نیل به این هدف، محقق از تست های مهارت انگلیسی، پرسشنامه استدلال منطقی و پرسشنامه یادگیری مستقل استفاده کرده است. این مطالعه در دو مرحله انجام گرفته است. در مرحله اول یک تست مهارت انگلیسی از 242 دانش آموز کلاس سوم دبیرستان از شهرستان ارومیه به آمد. از میان این تعداد 162 نفر به عنوان یک گروه با توانایی مهارت انگلیسی مهارت انگلیسی مشابه انتخاب شدند. در مرحله بعدی از آنها یک تست استدلال منطقی و یک تست یادگیری مستقل به عمل آمد. در پایان نتایج 144 نفر( چون عده ای پرسشنامه استدلال منطقی را کامل نکرده بودند) مورد بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. ضریب همبستگی پیرسون نشان داد بین توانایی تفکر منتقدانه و یادگیری غیروابسته زبان آموزان انگلیسی ایرانی مونث و مذکر ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد. نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق می تواند کاربردهای مهمی در برنامه آموزشی برای معلمان، دانش آموزان و طراحان مواد درسی داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - رابطه تفکر نقادانه , خود کارآمدی و پنداشت مدرسان از تدریس اثر بخش زبان انگلیسی
نسیم شنگر فام ندا رهنما رودپشتیپژوهش حاضر، در وهله اول، تلاشی در جهت بررسی رابطه میان تفکر نقادانه، خودکارآمدی و پنداشت تدریس اثربخش مدرسان زبان انگلیسی است. بعلاوه محققان تلاش نمودند تا بیازمایند که کدامیک از متغییرها (تفکر نقادانه یا خودکارآمدی) پیش بینی کننده بهتری برای تدریس اثربخش هستند. ب Moreپژوهش حاضر، در وهله اول، تلاشی در جهت بررسی رابطه میان تفکر نقادانه، خودکارآمدی و پنداشت تدریس اثربخش مدرسان زبان انگلیسی است. بعلاوه محققان تلاش نمودند تا بیازمایند که کدامیک از متغییرها (تفکر نقادانه یا خودکارآمدی) پیش بینی کننده بهتری برای تدریس اثربخش هستند. به منظور نیل به این هدف، میزان توانایی تفکر نقادانه 143 نفر از مدرسان زبان انگلیسی بوسیله پرسشنامه تفکر نقادانه Honey (2000) بدست آمد. همچنین، احساس خودکارآمدی آنان با استفاده از مقیاس احساس خودکارآمدی مدرس Tschannen-Morgan & Hoy (2001) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. علاوه بر این، پنداشت آنان از تدریس اثربخش توسط پرسشنامه تدریس اثربخش Bell (2005) تعیین گردید. نتایج بدست آمده حاکی از این بود که به لحاظ آماری رابطه معناداری میان تفکر نقادانه و احساس خودکارآمدی مدرسان با پنداشت تدریس اثربخش ایشان وجود دارد. با این وجود، تنها دو مؤلفه تفکر نقادانه با عناوین تحلیل و سنجش، با پنداشت تدریس اثربخش رابطه معنادار داشتند. همچنین، مؤلفه های تفکر نقادانه رابطه معناداری با مؤلفه های پنداشت اثربخش داشتند. افزون بر این، نمایان شد که رابطه معنادار مثبتی میان تمامی مؤلفه های خودکارآمدی و پنداشت تدریس اثربخش به طور کلی و مؤلفه های آن وجود دارد. در پایان تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که احساس خودکارآمدی، پیش بینی کننده بهتری در مقایسه با تفکر نقادانه برای پنداشت تدریس اثربخش مدرسان است، هرچند که تفاوت چندان قابل ملاحظه نبود. این تحقیق، فواید ضمنی ای را برای آماده سازی و آموزش مدرسان زبان انگلیسی دارا می باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Comparative Study of Critical Thinking Skills of Ph. D. Students in Different Fields of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch
Kobra Namvaran Germi Sadegh Maleki Avarsin Elmira Khan GaldiCritical thinking, as one of the types of human thinking, is necessary for people at higher education levels. Past studies have reported the extent of critical thinking of students of different university levels low. This research aimed to compare the critical thinking MoreCritical thinking, as one of the types of human thinking, is necessary for people at higher education levels. Past studies have reported the extent of critical thinking of students of different university levels low. This research aimed to compare the critical thinking of Ph.D. students in different fields. The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was 1210 Ph.D. students in different fields at Tabriz Islamic Azad University. The sample size was estimated 212 people by Cochran's method. The sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling. Data were collected through form B of the California Critical Thinking Skills Test and were analyzed using t-mean comparison and analysis of variance tests. Based on the findings, the mean score of critical thinking of Ph.D. students in the Tabriz branch is 18.81± 5.36. The critical thinking score was highest in the humanities faculty, 19.81±5.54, and it was lowest in the technical-engineering faculty, 17.04±5.19. The mean score of critical thinking in the Agriculture Faculty was lower than the Humanities faculty and higher than the Technical Faculty, 18.25±5.36. There was no significant difference between students of different fields in critical thinking, inference, and induction. However, there was a significant difference in analysis, evaluation, and induction components. Although younger students had more powerful analyses power and older students had more powerful inference power, there were no significant differences between the age groups of students in critical thinking. There were significant differences between men’s and women’s critical thinking, analysis, evaluation, and deduction skills. Women’s critical thinking, analysis, evaluation, and deduction skills were better than men’s. It is better to organize workshops on critical thinking skills for students (with priority for technical-engineering faculty) and ways to strengthen it for university professors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The effect of TRIZ instruction on creative thinking, critical thinking, scientific thinking, and self efficacy of students of humanities at the Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch, under different intellectual biorhythms
Rana Saken Azari Kianoush Hashemian Hassan Pasha SharifiThe study aimed to determine the effect of TRIZ (theory of Inventive problem solving) instruction on the creative thinking, scientific thinking, critical thinking and self-efficacy of students under different biorhythms. For this purpose, a sample of 120 female students MoreThe study aimed to determine the effect of TRIZ (theory of Inventive problem solving) instruction on the creative thinking, scientific thinking, critical thinking and self-efficacy of students under different biorhythms. For this purpose, a sample of 120 female students of Humanities at the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz were randomly selected from among volunteers. Due to decrease in sample size, 116 students participated in the study in six groups including experimental groups 1 and 2, control groups 1 and 2, and placebo groups 1 and 2. The study was a quasi-experimental research with pre-test post-test control group design. The independent variable of the study was TRIZ instruction, the moderate variable was intellectual biorhythm and the dependent variables were creative thinking, critical thinking, scientific thinking, and self-efficacy. The data was gathered through California critical thinking skills questionnaire (1997), Abedi`s (1373) creativity test, Scherer etal.`s (1982) general self-efficacy scale, and Liang etal.`s (2006) scientific thinking questionnaire. The data were analyzed by conducting univariate and multivariate covariance analyses. The results indicated thatteaching TRIZ under high condition of intellectual biorhythm increases creative thinking, critical thinking, scientific thinking and self-efficacy of the students. In other words, while teaching TRIZ leads to an increase in various aspects of thinking and self-efficacy, different Biorhythms (positive or negative) would moderate the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - An investigation of the teachers’ perception from critical thinking
Morteza razavian shad Khalil soltan QoraiThe goal of this research was to investigate the teachers’ perception of critical thinking. The research method was qualitative with interpretative phenomenology approach. To this aim semi-systematical interview was done with 24 teachers from Tehran tenth region. MoreThe goal of this research was to investigate the teachers’ perception of critical thinking. The research method was qualitative with interpretative phenomenology approach. To this aim semi-systematical interview was done with 24 teachers from Tehran tenth region. The teachers presented their views about critical thinking. Gathered data from these interviews were analyzed through Smith phenomenological approach. Four themes were obtained from interviews that can determine teachers’ perception of critical thinking. They included: 1.Critical thinking definition. 2.prerequisites of instruction critical thinking. 3.Critical thinking teaching methods. 4.The outcome of using critical thinking. The findings of the research present a clear picture of teachers’ perception about critical thinking. Since the teachers’ perception about the prerequisites of instruction for critical thinking and critical thinking methods were not appropriate, it seems necessary for teachers to be acquainted with these issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A study of life skills assessment among first grade high school students
Fariba Karimi Saeideh FekriThe purpose of the study was to determine high-school first grander students' life-skills in Takab Township. The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical included all the first grade students which added up to 1270 people, out of which 100 people was chos MoreThe purpose of the study was to determine high-school first grander students' life-skills in Takab Township. The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical included all the first grade students which added up to 1270 people, out of which 100 people was chosen as the sample size. The sampling method was random stage sampling. To gather the data the life skills standard questionnaire which included problem solving, empathy, creative thinking, decision making, coping with emotions and stress, critical Hinking, effective communication, self-awareness, interpersonal relationship. The face and content validity was confirmed by experts and according to cronbach’s alpha coefficient , the questionnaire’s reliability was 0.85.Data analysis was accomplished in two levels of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.(T test for a single mean, t test for independent). Findings showed that First-grade students’ enjoyment in decision making skill, problem solving, critical thinking and interpersonal relationship was average and in other skills was less than average. Student’s highest level of enjoyment was in critical thinking skill and their lowest level of enjoyment was in creative thinking skill. There is a significant difference between male and female students in Effective Communication skill and the average scores of girls were more than boys. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The Effect of Teaching Critical Thinking Skills on Iranian Advanced EFL Learners' Motivation
Parvaneh Rajati Nasrin Hadidi Tamjid Saeedeh AhangariCritical thinking, being one of the many skills teachers should teach, might be of great advantage to learners in improving their motivation. The present study was an attempt to probe the effect of teaching critical thinking skills on the Iranian advanced EFL learners' MoreCritical thinking, being one of the many skills teachers should teach, might be of great advantage to learners in improving their motivation. The present study was an attempt to probe the effect of teaching critical thinking skills on the Iranian advanced EFL learners' motivation. The study was carried out at Simin language center in Tabriz. From among 60 initial participants, 42 were selected based on the results of TOEFL Proficiency test. Then, the selected participants were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group, each consisting of 21 participants. A motivation questionnaire, adopted from Salimi (2000), including 36 items on a 5- point Likert Scale, was administered at the beginning of the study to the students in both experimental and control groups in order to evaluate their motivation. Subsequently, the Watson and Glaser (1980) critical thinking appraisal, comprising 80 items on five subtests, representing critical thinking sub skills, were instructed to the 21 students in the experimental group.. The sub skills of critical thinking included skills such as inference, recognition of assumptions, deduction, interpretation, and evaluation of arguments. The instructional treatment took 10 sessions twice a week for advanced students. In each session, 20 minutes were devoted to the treatment. The traditional instruction was conducted in the control group. Analyzing the motivation scores, attained through independent samples t-test at the end of the treatment, and showed that teaching critical thinking skills had significant effect on enhancing the participantsʼ motivation. The obtained results have some implications for teachers. Through applying critical thinking skills in their classes, teachers can help their students enhance their motivation, and thus, improve their learning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Factors hindering critical thinking within the Iranian High Schools’ Curriculum
Vahideh Alipour Maryam Seif Narghi Ezzatollah Naderi Ali ShariatmadariIran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc.Iran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Role of Critical Sociological Thinking on Young Iranian Advanced EFL Learners' Ingenuity of English Conversation
Maryam Kaviani Sahar Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
94 - The Effect of Critical Thinking on Reading and Writing Skills of Islamic Azad University Students in Third Area
Ali Asghar Razavi Fatemeh Noshinfard Fahimeh BabolHavaeji Sedigheh Mohammad Esmaeil -
Open Access Article
95 - Sociological Explanation of Critical Thinking as an Effective Way of Teaching English Reading Skill among Young Iranian EFL Pre-Intermediate Learners
Maryam Kaviani Davood Mashhadi Heidar -
Open Access Article
96 - تأثیر ترکیبی تفکر انتقادی و ارزی ابی پوی ا بر بهبود عملکرد نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی: تمرکز بر آموزش راهبردهای نوشتاری
Raheleh Taheri Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi Omid Tabatabaei Hadi Salehiاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیرترکیبی تفکر انتقادی و ارزیابی پویا بر افزایش عملکرد نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی، به ویژه با تمرکز بر آموزش راهبردهای نوشتاری انجام شد. ما 80 شرکتکننده در سطح متوسط را از میان حدود 200 زبانآموز در یک موسسه معتبر (گویش) انتخاب کرد Moreاین تحقیق با هدف بررسی تأثیرترکیبی تفکر انتقادی و ارزیابی پویا بر افزایش عملکرد نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی، به ویژه با تمرکز بر آموزش راهبردهای نوشتاری انجام شد. ما 80 شرکتکننده در سطح متوسط را از میان حدود 200 زبانآموز در یک موسسه معتبر (گویش) انتخاب کردیم. این شرکت کنندگان به طور مساوی به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند. گروه آزمایش (EG) راهبردهای نوشتاری را با به کارگیری اصول تفکر انتقادی و ارزیابی پویا دریافت کردند. گروه کنترل (CG) راهبردهای نوشتاری را از طریق روش های سنتی بدون دریافت تفکر انتقادی یا اصول ارزیابی پویا دریافت کردند. دو گروه تحت یک پیش آزمون نوشتاری برای ارزیابی مهارت های نوشتاری اولیه خود قرار گرفتند و پس از درمان برای سنجش میزان پیشرفت نوشتاری خود، با استفاده از معیارهای ارزشیابی مشابه با معیارهای پیش آزمون، در پس آزمون شرکت کردند. سپس از ابزارهای آماری مناسب برای سنجش پیشرفت نوشتاری شرکت کنندگان در نتیجه روش های آموزشی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که ادغام ارزیابی پویا و استراتژی های تفکر انتقادی به طور قابل توجهی مهارت های ارتباطی نوشتاری شرکت کنندگان را بهبود می بخشد. این یافته ها برای مدرسان زبان انگلیسی، طراحان برنامه درسی و توسعه دهندگان مواد نویدبخش است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - مدل ساز ی معادلات ساختار ی رابطه بین ذهنی زبان آموزان و ویژگی ها ی فرد ی: مورد خودکارآمد ی ، خودمختار ی ، تفکر انتقادی
Samira Soltani Fariba Rahimi Esfahani Sajad Shafieeاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی تعدادی از اهداف انجام شد: بررسی کرد که آیا خودکارآمدی ، استقلال یادگیرنده ، و تفکر انتقادی نقش مهمی در پیشبی نیذهنی ت زبان زبان آموزان EFL دارند یا خیر. همچنین روابط مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بین تمامی متغیرهای فوق را مورد بررسی قرار داد. برای دستیابیبه Moreاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی تعدادی از اهداف انجام شد: بررسی کرد که آیا خودکارآمدی ، استقلال یادگیرنده ، و تفکر انتقادی نقش مهمی در پیشبی نیذهنی ت زبان زبان آموزان EFL دارند یا خیر. همچنین روابط مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بین تمامی متغیرهای فوق را مورد بررسی قرار داد. برای دستیابیبه این اهداف، از طرح پیمایش همبستگی استفاده شد. پرسشنامه های نظرسنجی )پرسشنامه راهبردهای انگ یزشی برای یادگیری (MSLQ) ،پرسشنامه خودمختاری یادگیرنده ، آزمون مهارت های تفکر انتقادی کالیفرنی ا (CCTST) و پرسشنامه ذهنی ت ها ی زبانی (LMI) بر روی بیش از700 زبان آموز زبان انگلیسی متوسطه مرد و زن که از طریق نمونه گیری آسان انتخاب شده بودند، اجرا شد. موسسات زبان در اصفهان، ایران وداده های مورد نیاز جمع آوری و با روش تحلیل مسیر در محیط SmartPLS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفت. این یافته پیامدهای مفیدیبرای معلمان زبان دارد. ذهنیتها ی رشد باید برای اجرای صح یح مداخلات ذهنی توسط آنها گرفته شود و مدلسازی شود تا فراگیران بتوانندظرفیتهای انعطافپذ یر خود را به عنوان بازتابی از تلاشهای خود درک کنند. یادگیرنده ای که به موفقی ت آنها در زندگی کمک می کند.یادگیرندگانی که برا ی افزای ش خودکارآمدی تحت مداخله ذهن یت رشد قرار میگیرند ، از موفقیت تحص یلی بی شتر و تعهد به یادگیری بهره خواهند برد .کلمات کلید ی: تفکر انتقادی. ذهنی ت زبانی ؛ خودمختاری یادگیرنده ؛ خودکارآمد ی Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Teaching Critical Thinking through a Dialogic Approach: The infusion model
Zahra Kheradmand Saadi Naser Rashidi -
Open Access Article
99 - The Effect of Teaching Critical Thinking Strategies on Students’ Academic Writing, Critical Thinking Ability, and Critical Thinking Dispositions
Ali Taghinezhad Mohammad Javad Riasati Fatemeh Behjat -
Open Access Article
100 - The Role of Critical Thinking Orientation on the Learners’ Use of Communicative Strategies
Ramin Asadi Jamnani Davood Mashhadi Heidar -
Open Access Article
101 - Relationship between Teaching Experience, Academic Qualifications and In-service Training Courses: The case of Iranian EFL teachers' use of critical thinking-based teaching strategies
DOR: 20.1001.1.23223898.2021.9.37.6.4
Masoud Azizi Abarghoui Saeed Ketabi Mohsen Shahrokhi -
Open Access Article
102 - The Effect of Critical Thinking and Brainstorming as Pre-Writing Stage Activities on EFL Pre-Intermediate Learners’ Expository Writing
Elham Namani Bahman Gorjian -
Open Access Article
103 - Predictive Power of Test-taking Strategies, Critical Thinking, and Self-efficacy in Accounting for Female Iranian Ph.D. Students’ Language Proficiency: The Case of EPT
Fariba Rahimi Esfahani -
Open Access Article
104 - Impact of STAD model of Cooperative Learning on Iranian EFL Learners’ Critical Thinking and Motivation
Abolhassan Nazari Omid Tabatabaei Mohammad Ali Heidari Shahreza -
Open Access Article
105 - Content analysis of “Religion and Life” curriculum in the high school program in Iran in terms of the emphasis on creativity, critical thinking, and self-assertiveness in students
Solmaz Khademi -
Open Access Article
106 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Through Concept Maps on Critical Thinking and Academic Self-Concept
Hosein Aflakifard Mohammad Ghalenoei -
Open Access Article
107 - The Role of Critical Thinking in the Undergraduate Translation Training Programs
Rana Soleimani Garmroudi Mostafa Naghipoor -
Open Access Article
108 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Computer Games with Traditional Iranian Games on Critical Thinking of Students with Mathematical Disability
مهسا ساداتی بالادهی Beheshte Niosha Mahnaz AstekiObjective: Given that learning disabilities are the most important poor academic performance and traditional teaching methods are no longer responsive to current and future educational needs, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of computer MoreObjective: Given that learning disabilities are the most important poor academic performance and traditional teaching methods are no longer responsive to current and future educational needs, the purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of computer games with traditional Iranian games on the critical thinking of students with mathematical disabilities. Materials and Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of the present study included all fourth to sixth grade students in Tehran between the ages of 10 and 12 years who had mathematical disabilities in the academic year 96-97. For this purpose, 30 subjects were selected by purposive sampling method and then divided into 3 groups (control group, traditional games experimental group and computer games experimental group). Research tools were the revised Wexler children's intelligence test WISC-R (1949) and the KeyMath mathematical test (1976) for initial screening and the Cornell X Critical Thinking Questionnaire (1985) for the main review. Data analysis was performed using MANOVA and SPSS-24 software. Results: Based on the results, both traditional Iranian and computer games were effective in improving students' critical thinking. It is one of the traditional Iranian games (p <0.01). Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it was observed that the strategic computer game was very attractive to the participants and this could be one of the reasons for the success of this program. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - A Survey of the Status of Smart Schools based on Standards and Comparison of its Students Academic Performance and Critical Thinking with Public Schools
Maryam Heidari Mojdeh Vaziri Fariba AdliThe present study aimed to investigate the status of smart schools based on standards and to compare its performance with that of public schools. The study method was descriptive survey. The statistical population included all girl secondary schools in city of Yazd. Two MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the status of smart schools based on standards and to compare its performance with that of public schools. The study method was descriptive survey. The statistical population included all girl secondary schools in city of Yazd. Two public high schools were selected via cluster sampling, and two smart schools were selected via census method. Instruments included smart schools evaluation check list (observation) to examine the present status of the schools, critical thinking skills test, and third grade average to measure academic achievements of the students. SPSS software was used for data analysis, and descriptive and inferential statistics (t test) were used to test the research questions. The findings showed that the current status of smart schools was in low level with respect to teaching-learning content, ICT infrastructure, trained teachers and computer communication with the schools. Only with respect to principals' use of computers it was in accepted level. Also, there was not a significant difference between smart school students' performance and that of the public school students in critical thinking but in academic achievement there was significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - A Comparison of Impact of Blended Learning with Traditional Instruction on Critical Thinking and Happiness in Students
Azad Allah Karami Esmaeil Zaraei ZavarakiThe purpose of this study was to compare the impact of blended learning with traditional instruction on critical thinking and happiness in third grade students in Qods township. The research method was a semi-experimental. The statistical population included all the thi MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the impact of blended learning with traditional instruction on critical thinking and happiness in third grade students in Qods township. The research method was a semi-experimental. The statistical population included all the third grade secondary school students in Qods town studying in 2012. The statistical sample was selected via available sampling method. Thus one school was selected since it was equipped with the necessary facilities for implementing blended learning. Two classes of third grade in this school were chosen as experimental and control groups. The tools used in this study were California Critical Thinking Test and Oxford Happiness Test. Both groups were given a pretest, and at the end of the semester a posttest was performed. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation and inferential statistics including Covariance analysis test. The findings showed that blended learning was more effective in increasing students' critical thinking and happiness compared with traditional instruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Relationship between Self-Regulated Learning Strategies, Critical Thinking Tendency and Students Readiness to Participate in E-Learning Courses
Ezatallah Ghadampour Peyman Kamkar Hoshang Garavand Sajad JamshidikiaOne of the factors that can cause success or failure in using e-learning is students' readiness to participate in e-learning courses. Among the factors that could be effective in readiness of students to participate such e-learning courses are self-regulated learning st MoreOne of the factors that can cause success or failure in using e-learning is students' readiness to participate in e-learning courses. Among the factors that could be effective in readiness of students to participate such e-learning courses are self-regulated learning strategies and tendency to critical thinking. Thus, the aim of the study was to investigate the role of self-regulated learning strategies and tendency to critical thinking in students' readiness to participate in e-learning courses. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all students of Kharazmi University in 2013. Using random sampling method, 250 individuals were selected as sample. To collect the data, the Ricketts' tendency to critical thinking and self-regulated learning strategies questionnaires, as well as students' readiness to participate in e-learning scale were used. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential (correlation, regression and independent t tests) statistics were used for data analysis. The results showed that the correlation of self-regulated learning strategies with students' readiness to participate in e-learning was 0.23 (R2= 0.05) and of critical thinking with students' readiness to participate in e-learning courses is 0.24 (R2= 0.07). So students' readiness to participate in e-learning courses can be predicted through self-regulated learning strategies and tendency to critical thinking. Results of t test showed that there was no significant difference between male and female, as well as graduate and undergraduate students in terms of readiness to participate in e-learning courses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Relationship between Students' Information Technology Literacy and their Critical Thinking
Saeid Saffarian Hamedani Alireza Alipoor Azin Azimi AshrafiThe main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between information technology literacy and critical thinking skills of graduate students. Adopting a descriptive survey, the statistical population of the study included graduate students of Islamic A MoreThe main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between information technology literacy and critical thinking skills of graduate students. Adopting a descriptive survey, the statistical population of the study included graduate students of Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch. Using Krejcie and Morgan table, 331 were randomly selected. The research instruments were researcher-made information technology literacy questionnaire and critical thinking questionnaire, the validities of which were confirmed by the experts in the field of educational sciences. The reliabilities for the given questionnaires were estimated through Chronbach's alpha coefficient by distributing the questionnaires among a group of 30 participants, the result of which was 0.93 for IT literacy questionnaire and 0.80 for critical thinking skills. Regarding the establishment of parametric statistics, the Pearson correlation was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that there was no relationship between IT literacy and critical thinking skills (creativity, maturity and commitment) among higher education students. It means that IT literacy was not a reason for the existence of critical thinking, perhaps the best time for improving the thinking power among people through using information technology is before their entrance to higher education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Comparison of the Effect of Electronic Learning on Critical Thinking, Creativity and Academic Achievement in Secondary High School Students in Empirical Sciences
abolfazel abbasi hasan shareiat ALIAKBAR SARBAZHOSINIThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of e-learning on creativity, tendency to critical thinking and academic achievement in Secondary School Student in e-schools based on e-learning and ordinary schools in district 4 of Qom in the academic year 1396 to 13 MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of e-learning on creativity, tendency to critical thinking and academic achievement in Secondary School Student in e-schools based on e-learning and ordinary schools in district 4 of Qom in the academic year 1396 to 1395. The tools of this research include the Thinking Risk Inventory (CTDI) questionnaire and the Torrance test is used to measure creativity. The method of this study was to determine the causal-comparative type and to test the hypotheses, the t-test was used. The results of the research indicated that the mean scores of the components of creativity among students of schools with e-learning as compared to knowledge There was a significant difference between students in ordinary schools and there was no significant difference between the mean scores of critical thinking components of students in electronic schools compared to ordinary school students, but there was a significant difference between the mean scores of academic achievement in two types of schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - مقایسه معلمان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در مدارس دولتی و آموزشگاههای زبان: تمرکز بر تفکر انتقادی و جنیست
مونس معصومی زاده شیما قبادیتفکر انتقادی، به عنوان مهارت بنیادی در جهان کنونی ما در سال های اخیر تمرکز بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است . با بررسی نوشته ها می توان دریافت که عامل ضروری مانند جنسیت در نوشته های مربوط به تفکر انتقادی نادیده گرفته شده است. مطالعه حاضر ماهیت تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زب Moreتفکر انتقادی، به عنوان مهارت بنیادی در جهان کنونی ما در سال های اخیر تمرکز بسیاری را به خود جلب کرده است . با بررسی نوشته ها می توان دریافت که عامل ضروری مانند جنسیت در نوشته های مربوط به تفکر انتقادی نادیده گرفته شده است. مطالعه حاضر ماهیت تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی ایرانی و ارتباط آن با جنسیت در بخش های عمومی و خصوصی را بررسی کرده است. برای نیل به این هدف، 153 معلم ( 57 مرد و 96 زن) بر طبق نمونه گیری از 20 آموزشگاه زبان و 20 مدرسه عمومی در اصفهان در جهت مشارکت در این مطالعه انتخاب شده اند. از شرکت کنندگان در خواست شده تا پرسشنامه 80 آیتم تفکر انتقادی از واتسون را پاسخ بدهند. یافته ها حاکی از آن است که میزان ضعیفی از تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان وجود دارد، همچنین معلمان زن و مرد ایرانی زبان انگلیسی تفاوت قابل توجهی در میزان تفکر انتقادی ندارند . علاوه بر این نتایج نشان داد بخش خصوصی زمینه بهتری را برای گسترش تفکر انتقادی در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی فراهم کرده است. استدلالهای این مطالعه مورد بحث قرار گرفته اند . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - بررسی کتب زبان عمومی دانشگا ههای ایران از نظرانگیزش تفکر انتقادی
مریم عزیزیهدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی کتاب های زبان انگلیسی عمومی تدریس شده در دانشگاههای ایران است. به منظور انجام این تحقیق ، سوالات درک مطلب 10 کتاب زبان عمومی مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. پس از انتخاب کتاب ها سوالات درک مطلب هر درس از هر کتاب بر اساس مدل تفکر انتقادی (Fac Moreهدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی کتاب های زبان انگلیسی عمومی تدریس شده در دانشگاههای ایران است. به منظور انجام این تحقیق ، سوالات درک مطلب 10 کتاب زبان عمومی مورد ارزیابی قرارگرفت. پس از انتخاب کتاب ها سوالات درک مطلب هر درس از هر کتاب بر اساس مدل تفکر انتقادی (Facione, 2011) که دارای 6 فاکتور است، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و پس از تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها، درصد حضور هر فاکتور انتقادی از مدل منتخب ، در هرکتاب به طور مجزا محاسبه شد. نتایج به دست آمده از این تحقیق مقدار حضور فاکتورهای انتقادی مدل مورد نظر را در 10 کتاب منتخب آشکار ساخت. علاوه بر این یافته های این مطالعه نشان می دهد که نباید انتظار پرورش دانش آموزانی دارای تفکر انتقادی توسط این کتاب ها را داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - سوالات درک مطلب در کتب درس زبان انگلیسی در دبیرستانهای ایران: دیدگاه تفکر انتقادی
زهرا شارقی مجتبی مطلبی کیا -
Open Access Article
117 - Analysis of cognitive skills in Razavi's novel Wake me up based on Lipman's critical thinking
Parisa Ahmadi Khalil BaygzadeNovels derived from Islamic culture have appeared in Persian literature with the aim of processing aspects of educational teachings and types of skills of thinking types, which can be used in social research and with their help, more aspects of human existential philoso MoreNovels derived from Islamic culture have appeared in Persian literature with the aim of processing aspects of educational teachings and types of skills of thinking types, which can be used in social research and with their help, more aspects of human existential philosophy and types of thinking can be achieved. Razavi's novel "Wake me up" by Fariba Kalhor based on the character of Imam Reza (AS) is based on moral dos and don'ts and cognitive teachings that include critical thinking skills such as self-correction, self-correction, correct judgment and the influence and interpretation of the context of the text. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the critical thinking skills in Razavi's novel "Wake me up" based on Lipman's critical thinking with a descriptive-analytical approach. The achievement of the research is the achievement of critical thinking skills that can lead the audience to a correct understanding of the text by expressing logical arguments, having flexibility in dealing with new methods and relying on unconventional conditions. The metacognition of the text is due to the questioning of the audience's thinking, which has brought him to a knowledge beyond ordinary knowledge. Angles of correct judgments can be seen in the text of the novel, which is Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Study of social and cultural factors related to the tendency of female students to critical thinking with emphasis on cultural capital
jamileh Fehresti Mansour HaghighatianThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the tendency of students of female students of Farhangian University in the city of Bondar Abbas to critical thinking with an emphasis on cultural capital. The dependent variable is the tendency to critical think MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating the tendency of students of female students of Farhangian University in the city of Bondar Abbas to critical thinking with an emphasis on cultural capital. The dependent variable is the tendency to critical thinking and independent variables, age, field of study, years of university education, socio-economic base, trust in the content of social networks and cultural capital. The statistical population of this study is all female students of the University of Cultural Sciences in Bandar Abbas who were studying at the center of Fatemeh Al-Zahra campus in Bandar Abbas. 405 students of the sample of 120 people were selected and tested according to Morgan's table. The instrument for measuring the Critical Thinking Questionnaire (2003) and the Bourdieu Cultural Capital Questionnaire. The results of statistical analysis by using the SPSS software showed that students scored a moderate score from the tendency toward critical thinking. The research hypotheses were measured using Eta and Pearson correlation coefficients. Based on the results of the research, there is a weak correlation between the variables, age, years of university education and the tendency to think critically. Also, the results of regression analysis showed that independent variables such as age, socioeconomic status, predictive basis of critical thinking were not studied in the studied population. Among the independent variables of the variables of cultural capital and objective capital as one of the components of cultural capital, a positive predictor of critical thinking was the tendency toward critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Analysis of the relationship between the understanding of the dimensions of the nature of science and the tendency to think critically among the students of Tabriz city
Narges Pourtaleb Sakine Pourtaleb Zeinab Shahri Behnaz MousavianAlenjaghObjective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between understanding the nature of science and its dimensions with the tendency to critical thinking among students in Tabriz in 1398.Methodology: The present study is analytical-correlational. The stat MoreObjective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between understanding the nature of science and its dimensions with the tendency to critical thinking among students in Tabriz in 1398.Methodology: The present study is analytical-correlational. The statistical sample consisted of 262 mathematics and experimental students in Tabriz who were selected by cluster sampling. Data collection tools were two critical questionnaires of Ritex (2003) and the questionnaire of the nature of science، Roba and Anderson (1978).Results: Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The research findings showed that there is no significant difference between students of mathematics and experimental departments in terms of critical thinking and the nature of science. Also، Pearson correlation test showed: among the components of the dimensions of the nature of science and its relationship with critical thinking، three components (commitment، creativity and integration) have a significant relationship with critical thinking; But the other 3 components (recommendation، simplicity and measurement) do not have a significant relationship.Conclusion: The result of the regression analysis also showed that out of 6 components of the dimensions of scientific nature، only the component of creativity explains about 5% of the variance of critical thinking. Considering the findings of this study، planners and officials in their educational programs should pay more attention to critical thinking skills and understanding the nature of science Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Presenting a Perception Model of Policy Making in Iran Education, by Fourmulating Educational Policies Based on Critical Sociological Thinking Approach
Ali Falakpour Garineh keshishyan -
Open Access Article
121 - تأثیر آموزش راهبردی گفتار کنش های درخواست و عذرخواهی بر رشد زبان آموزان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی «عملکرد عمل گرایانه و تفکر انتقادی»
Parisa Bazaei بهرام مولایی Massood Yazdanimoghaddamاز آنجایی که درخواست در شرایط نابرابری رخ می دهد، گوینده باید همیشه اصول ادب را بدون توجه به موضوع درخواست خود رعایت کند. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر آموزش راهبردی کنش های گفتاری درخواست و عذرخواهی بر رشد عملکرد عملگرایانه و تفکر انتقادی زبان آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. بر Moreاز آنجایی که درخواست در شرایط نابرابری رخ می دهد، گوینده باید همیشه اصول ادب را بدون توجه به موضوع درخواست خود رعایت کند. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر آموزش راهبردی کنش های گفتاری درخواست و عذرخواهی بر رشد عملکرد عملگرایانه و تفکر انتقادی زبان آموزان ایرانی پرداخته است. بر اساس ماهیت درمان، تصمیم گرفته شد شرکتکنندگانی انتخاب شوند که قبل از مطالعه به اندازه کافی در انستیتوی زبان قرار نگرفته بودند. برای این منظور، قبل از انجام یک آزمون انگلیسی آکسفورد (OPT)، انتظار میرفت افرادی که امتیازشان بین یک انحراف استاندارد (+1SD) بالاتر از میانگین و یک انحراف استاندارد (-1SD) زیر میانگین قرار میگیرد، به عنوان برش انتخاب شوند. معیار در نهایت، 80 نفر از 114 زبان آموز ایرانی مرد و زن انگلیسی از شش کلاس زبان در سطح متوسط انتخاب شدند. سپس به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (20 مرد و 20 زن برای هر گروه) تقسیم شدند. یک طرح ترکیبی استفاده شد. داده های کیفی جمع آوری شده از طریق مصاحبه برای مثلث بندی داده های کمی جمع آوری شده استفاده شد. دادهها توسط دو ارزیاب آموزشدیده متخصص در زبانشناسی کاربردی برای شناسایی اثربخشی آموزش استراتژی کنشهای گفتاری درخواستی و عذرخواهی تجزیه و تحلیل شد. داده ها در نرم افزار SPSS کلید خوردند. 22. یافتهها نشان داد که آموزش استراتژی عمل گفتاری درخواستی بر رشد عملکرد عملگرایانه زبان آموزان ایرانی تأثیر مثبت و معناداری دارد. بین تفکر انتقادی و عملکرد عملگرایانه رابطه معناداری یافت شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - اثرمفهوم سازی و تحلیل متن به عنوان راهکارهای تفکر انتقادی بر درک مطلب فراگیرندگان ایرانی زبان انگلیسی سطح متوسط با لحاظ جنسیت: الگوی تفکر انتقادی الدر و پل
سرور پروین نژاد Valeh Valipour رامین رحیمینقش راهکارهای مختلف تفکر انتقادی در خواندن متن منجر به مطالعات قابل توجهی شده است. این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی تأثیرات راهکارهای تحلیل و مفهومسازی تفکر انتقادی پیشنهاد شده توسط الدر و پل (2009)، بر مهارتهای درک مطلب، و همچنین بررسی ادراک زبانآموزان زبان انگلیسی در Moreنقش راهکارهای مختلف تفکر انتقادی در خواندن متن منجر به مطالعات قابل توجهی شده است. این مطالعه ترکیبی با هدف بررسی تأثیرات راهکارهای تحلیل و مفهومسازی تفکر انتقادی پیشنهاد شده توسط الدر و پل (2009)، بر مهارتهای درک مطلب، و همچنین بررسی ادراک زبانآموزان زبان انگلیسی در سطح متوسط با توجه به جنسیت انجام شده است. بدین منظور 60 زبان آموز مونث ومذکر در محدوده سنی 25 تا 38 سال از مجموع 120 زبان آموز با استفاده از آزمون کمبریج C2 (CPE) در مؤسسه پویندگان چالوس انتخاب شدند. سپس بهطور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی برای استفاده از راهکار مفهومسازی، دو گروه آزمایشی برای اجرای راهکار تحلیل متن و دو گروه شاهد برای دریافت روش مرسوم آموزش درک مطلب در مؤسسه قرار گرفتند. سپس آزمون استعداد تحصیلی (SAT) به عنوان پیش آزمون قبل از آموزش هشت هفته ای اجرا شد. پس از استفاده از شیوه های پیشنهادی، پسآزمون همراه با مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با 12 فراگیر منتخب اجرا شد. داده های کمی با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک طرفه و آزمون تی جفتی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که اجرای متغیر مستقل تأثیر معنیداری بر بهبود درک مطلب داشتند. نتایج کیفی همچنین نشان داد که فراگیران دیدگاه های مثبتی نسبت به آموزش راهکارهای تفکر انتقادی اتخاذ کردند. با این حال، جنسیت نقش مهمی در استفاده از راهکارهای تفکر انتقادی در درک مطلب نداشت. پیامدهای مطالعه در پایان مقاله مورد بحث قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Critical Thinking Ability and Vocabulary Learning Strategy Use: The Case of EFL Learners in an ESL Context
Noushin Boroushaki Ng Lee-Luan -
Open Access Article
124 - Prediction of English Language Proficiency Level Using Multiple Intelligences Theory and Critical Thinking Skills
Zahra Shahrabi Sayyed Mohammad Alavi -
Open Access Article
125 - Does teaching critical thinking affect students’ L2 attitudes?
Mansoor Fahim Hossein Askari -
Open Access Article
126 - The Relation between Critical Thinking and Translation Quality
Ahmad Mohseni Adnan Satariyan -
Open Access Article
127 - Investigating the Relationship among Gender, Critical Thinking and Meta-Cognitive Awareness Listening Strategies
Bahram Mowlaie Azar Einy Samarein -
Open Access Article
128 - The Effect of the Translation Technologies on the Critical Thinking of the Students of the Translation Studies
Forouzan Dehbashi Sharif Fatemeh Salehi -
Open Access Article
129 - Collaborative learnhng and critical thinking
Zahra HosseiniThe present research studied the effects of collaborative learning on critical thinking. An experimental and a witness group, each composed of 30 female mathematics students, were administered Critical Thinking Test (OCR, 2000). Next, the experimental group was taught a MoreThe present research studied the effects of collaborative learning on critical thinking. An experimental and a witness group, each composed of 30 female mathematics students, were administered Critical Thinking Test (OCR, 2000). Next, the experimental group was taught a course using the method of collaborative learning. The witness group was taught the same course using the method of lecturing. The results of MANCOVA showed that the experimental group outperformed the witness group in three subscales of critical thinking namely, critical analysis, credibility of evidence and critical evaluation. The way collaborative learning affects critical thinking skills is discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Philosophy for Children: the Growth of Analytical Thinking
مهران فرج الهی سیده مریم مصطفویThe present article tries to analyze a new approach to education and its related issues especially educating analytical thinking to children and adolescents which is included in the field of philosophical education for children. Improving the level of thinking is one of MoreThe present article tries to analyze a new approach to education and its related issues especially educating analytical thinking to children and adolescents which is included in the field of philosophical education for children. Improving the level of thinking is one of the most important issues in education inasmuch as one could properly distinguish between right and wrong and be able to think about what happens around his/her environment and analyze them correctly. This article firstly explains the reason why we choose "analytical thinking" rather than "critical thinking" and then mentions the elements of analytical thinking. Appling these elements (principles) could lead to an educational environment for cultivating analytical thinking that finally help children and adolescents to develop their power of thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - A Comparative Study of Students’ Academic Progress based on the Type of Educational levels and Admitted Quota
mojtaba moazzami Majid EbrahimiHigher education has always faced problems and limitations in instruction and research and realization of its goals have greatly depended on students’ academic progress. Thus, the present study looked for a comparative study of students’ academic progress ba MoreHigher education has always faced problems and limitations in instruction and research and realization of its goals have greatly depended on students’ academic progress. Thus, the present study looked for a comparative study of students’ academic progress based on educational levels and admitted quota. To this end, a sample was drawn from the population of conditioned associate and bachelor students of the first semester in academic year 2018-2019 at Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch. Data collection instrument was the questionnaire of critical thinking which is known as writing test of critical thinking. In order to analyze the data, inferential statistics of t-test and analysis of variance were conducted via SPSS 25. The results indicated that teaching of critical thinking without the effect of quota and levels has a positive impact on critical thinking and academic progress. The findings provide evidence for the significant and independent role of critical thinking instruction in teaching, learning and academic progress of higher education students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Studying the Role of Warning Fantasies in Gaining the Identity and Critical Thinkingof Children with Emphasis on Bruno Bettelheim 's Ideas
Sayed Fahimah Ghayyum Nia Bijan Zahiri Nav Mohammad Reza Shad ManamanAbstract The warning fantasy is of the fantasies which presents the most fundamental problems of human society in an imaginative mold. This kind of fantasy gives information about one of the most important aspects of child's e MoreAbstract The warning fantasy is of the fantasies which presents the most fundamental problems of human society in an imaginative mold. This kind of fantasy gives information about one of the most important aspects of child's existence; that's, his own identity and the others in the layers of narrative story. We have investigated, in this article, the methods of finding the identity, critical thinking, and the recognition of oneself and the other in an analytic – descriptive way. We have concentrated on " children need the story " from Bruno Bettelheim to attain a better perception of the child and juvenile's mentality and mental structure. Our investigation showed that most studied fantasy stories emphasize on the preservation of the environment, altruism, finding identity as speculation. The writers of these works enumerate the difficulties and disasters of the story characters to their readers in an indirect way; and without pretending being teachers. They transfer their recommendations in a fantasy mold to their readers. On the other hand, the most significant type of thinking is the instructive thinking. The most important restitution of this kind of thinking is creativity which is an important phenomenon and valuable in the child development and must have a special stance in the life of a child. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Developing a critical thinking training model for high school students
Faezeh Sayadi Ali GhorbaniThe aim of this research was to devise a framework for fostering critical thinking skills among students within high school environments in Kermanshah. Employing a practical approach, the study adopted qualitative methods to attain its objectives. Participants consisted MoreThe aim of this research was to devise a framework for fostering critical thinking skills among students within high school environments in Kermanshah. Employing a practical approach, the study adopted qualitative methods to attain its objectives. Participants consisted of experts, practitioners, and researchers familiar with the subject area. Utilizing purposive sampling, 23 individuals were selected based on theoretical saturation principles. Through a combination of document analysis and semi-structured interviews, data were meticulously analyzed using coding techniques, with Grounded Theory emerging as the primary method for theory generation. Results underscored the pivotal role of cultivating thinking management in the pedagogy of critical thinking within high school contexts. Moreover, findings highlighted the significance of facilitators' and students' professional competencies and personality traits, thoughtful planning, and familial influences as key determinants. Contextual factors impacting thinking management education encompassed supportive frameworks for managerial development, emotional dynamics within the classroom, strategies for teacher engagement, and adherence to authoritative guidelines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - The Effect of Explicit Strategy Training on EFL Learners’ Attitudes about Critical Thinking and Factors Affecting Its Successful Implementation
Parisa Bazaei Bahram Mowlaie Massood Yazdani MoghaddamThis study investigates the effect of strategy training on EFL learners’ attitudes regarding the concept and applicability of critical thinking in an educational context. To achieve this goal,80 EFL learners were selected using convenience sampling and homogenized based MoreThis study investigates the effect of strategy training on EFL learners’ attitudes regarding the concept and applicability of critical thinking in an educational context. To achieve this goal,80 EFL learners were selected using convenience sampling and homogenized based on the Oxford Placement Test.They completed a questionnaire adapted from Stupple et al.(2017) to assess their attitudes toward critical thinking,which served as the pre-test. Subsequently,the participants were divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group underwent strategy training over10 sessions,during which various strategies were explained, and participants practiced using them to solve problems and exchange feedback.Additionally,they discussed the applicability and challenges associated with critical thinking in an educational context.The control group received mainstream instruction.After the treatment,both groups completed the same critical thinking questionnaire as the posttest.Furthermore,qualitative interviews were conducted with participants from the experimental group to gain an in-depth understanding. The data analysis revealed significant changes in the attitudes of the experimental group.Overall,this study follows a quasi-experimental explanatory sequential mixed-method design “In nature,the data analysis showed that,in general,the attitudes of the experimental group had changed significantly in the post-test compared to the control group.However,there was no significant difference in the attitude of the experimental and control groups regarding the applicability of strategy training for improving critical thinking and their ability to deploy critical thinking effectively.The results of the interviews and the comment section showed that teachers’ theoretical knowledge and willingness,EFL learners’ preparedness, and educational factors play important roles in the successful implementation of strategy training for developing critical thinking among EFL learners.” Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - A comparative study of critical thinking between deaf and normal student among high school grade second
Mohammadreza Norouzi Ferdos YadegariAbstract This study aimed to compare the critical thinking in normal and deaf students in high schools of Tehran .This method Ali - has been comparative study population consisted of all deaf students ( 130 ) and normal ( 17521 ) schools in Tehran that includes regions MoreAbstract This study aimed to compare the critical thinking in normal and deaf students in high schools of Tehran .This method Ali - has been comparative study population consisted of all deaf students ( 130 ) and normal ( 17521 ) schools in Tehran that includes regions ( 15,12,9,6,4,2 ) is. Select samples for all 130 deaf students and 376 students based on the normal muger, landeh using simple random sampling was selected. And to collect data in this study, a standard questionnaire was used. The results of questionnaires, using the SPSS statistical calculation t test was performed to determine Compare normal and deaf students. The methods used has been the Casual- comparison, And the statistical population included all deaf students (130) and normal students (17521) that includes regions (15, 12, 9, 6, 4, 2) in Tehran high schools. For selection Samples all 130 deaf students and 376 normal students based on Morgan Table. Was selected by simple random sampling. And to collect data in this study, and was used standard questionnaire. Descriptive findings indicated to 54.9 percent (278 students) boys and 45.1 percent of girl students (228 students). T-test results indicate that creativity and commitment as two components of critical thinking among normal and deaf students hasn’t significant difference. But maturity that the t-test scores equal to 34.2 and the significant level of .019. In other words, it can be said with 95% confidence that the difference between normal and deaf students is significant in terms of maturity. Also Whole critical thinking with test scores t=1.77 And the significant level of .07, Concluded that in normal and deaf students in critical thinking has little significant difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - The Relationship between Learning Cognitive Approaches and Big Five Personality Factors with Critical Thinking Attitude of Students in Tabriz University
Khalil Soltanalgorraie Parvaneh AlaieAbstract: This descriptive research was accomplished to study relationship between learning cognitive approaches and big five personality factors with critical thinking attitude of students. 345 undergraduate students of Tabriz University who were studying in the spring MoreAbstract: This descriptive research was accomplished to study relationship between learning cognitive approaches and big five personality factors with critical thinking attitude of students. 345 undergraduate students of Tabriz University who were studying in the spring semester of 2009 were chosen by the multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Kolb Learning Style Inventory, NEO-PI Inventory (60 item), California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory were administered. ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression statistical methods were used for analyzing data in SPSS 11.5 software. Abstract conceptualization cognitive approach (β=0.26) and three personality factors of Neuroticism (β=-0.74), Openness (β=1.03) and Conscientiousness (β=0.62) predicted 0.39 variance of critical thinking attitude (P<0.01). There were significant correlations between Extraversion (r=0.36), Openness (r=0.33), Conscientiousness (r=0.44), Agreeableness (r=0.30) and Neuroticism (r=-0.42) to critical thinking attitude (P<0.01). There were positive correlation between Neuroticism and concrete experience and reflective observation cognitive approaches (P<0.01, 0.05); This relationship was negative with active experimentation and abstract conceptualization cognitive approaches (P< 0.05). There was negative correlation between Extraversion and concrete experience (P<0.05); This relationship was positive with active experimentation approach (P< 0.01). There was negative correlation between Conscientiousness and reflective observation (p<0.05); This relationship was positive with active Experimentation (p<0.01). There was negative relation between Openness and active experimentation (P<0.05). Also, there was a relationship between learning styles and personality factors of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness (P< 0.01, 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Development and standardization of critical thinking skills assessment questionaire for elementary students
afshin adibmaneshThe purpose of this study is to constract and standardize students critical thinking skills assessment questionaire. The methodological approach that is used in this research mixed method and according to the purpose of the subject, the type of exploratory research is a MoreThe purpose of this study is to constract and standardize students critical thinking skills assessment questionaire. The methodological approach that is used in this research mixed method and according to the purpose of the subject, the type of exploratory research is a kind of tool development. This research is qualitative and quantitive quantization procedure. The combination data was quantitativey coupled to the data connection and weight was slightly higher than the stage. In the qualitative stage, for identifying the comonents of critical thinking and compiling tools from delphi technology and interviewing 6 experts. The small stage was a tool crated among 600, male and female student in kermanshah, who are studing at the fourth to sixth grade. To invistigat the factor structure of the questionare, we used r- software for exploratory factor analysis and lisrel 8.72 software is used for confirmatory factor analysis with random sample of 317people resulted in in seven factors that correlated with seven content factors and corrected 0/54 variance. The factor analysis the correlation between the factors, promax rotation was used. In the confirmatory factor analysis the exponetial estimation method was used with a population sample of of 283 people and a good fitness indexes were investigated. results of chi2 ratio on degree of freedom, RMSEA & SRMR accompanied with CFI & IFI point to good fit of model. In testing the psychometrics features, the amount of total chronbach alpha of 0.79 attained showing suitable validity. The test-retest cofficient of the questionare was 0/96 for 2 weeks, which shows the favorable reliability of questionnaire. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Based on Eisenkraft's Seven-Stage Learning Cycle Pattern on Improving Self-Esteem and Critical Thinking Skills of Students
alireza mohammadi nezhad ganji MAHTAB SALIMI shahla farhadi varmarz abadiThe aim of this study was to "Effectiveness of teaching based on the seven-step learning cycle model of Eisenkraft on improving self-efficacy and critical thinking skills of students in the Karaj district". The research method is applied and in terms of the semi-experim MoreThe aim of this study was to "Effectiveness of teaching based on the seven-step learning cycle model of Eisenkraft on improving self-efficacy and critical thinking skills of students in the Karaj district". The research method is applied and in terms of the semi-experimental method, with the implementation of pre-test and post-test with the control group . The statistical population is 1360 people. One of the schools was selected from one school, and from among the fifth-grade classes of that school was selected randomly. A 15-member class in the experimental group and a 15-member class in the control group. The sampling method in this research is a random cluster. In this research, library studies, educational package based on the Eisenkraft seven-step learning cycle model (2003), Morgan-Jinquez academic self-efficacy questionnaire (1999) and Rickets Critical Thinking Questionnaire (2003) were used.t validity of the questionnaires was reviewed and approved by the supervisors and counselors. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.82 and 0.87, respectively, after the distribution and collection of questionnaires using Cronbach's alpha. In descriptive statistics, use of tables, charts, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics using SPSS software, linear regression, covariance, t-test and independent Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests for data analysis. It turned out The results showed that the teaching based on the seven-step learning cycle model of Eisenckraff is effective on improving the dimensions of self-efficacy skills (talent, texture and effort), and the dimensions of critical thinking skills (creativity, agility, and commitment) of students in the Karaj district. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - The relationship between problem solving strategies and critical thinking is students of Railway Engineering faculty of Science and Technology University
roya sarvi Fatemeh Ahmadbeigi Mojtaba MoazzamiAbstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between problem-solving strategies and critical thinking in the students of School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology in the academic year of 2018-2019. This is an appli MoreAbstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between problem-solving strategies and critical thinking in the students of School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology in the academic year of 2018-2019. This is an applied research and descriptive correlational method is used in current survey. The statistical population of this research includes all the students of the School of Railway Engineering. The total number of students are 760, which according to the Morgan's table for sample size 260 people are selected by random sampling method. The data gathering tool was Cassidy and Lang's standard problem solving questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.86 and for critical thinking variable of Critical Thinking Questionnaire (Ahmad Beigi, 1397) in which the reliability of the research questionnaire for each component was reported using Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than7%and the reliability of the questionnaire in the research for each of the components using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was reported 81%. Pearson Correlation Method was used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between problem solving strategies and critical thinking. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The comparative effect of direct corrective feedback and recast in a critical thinking setting on EFL learners’ reading comprehension
Mehrdad Rezaee Maryam Baghi Elaheh FaramarziThe aim of present study was to explore the comparative effect of direct corrective feedback and recast on EFL learners’ reading comprehension in a critical thinking (CT) context. Sixty female EFL learners were selected from a larger group of 85 learners through conveni MoreThe aim of present study was to explore the comparative effect of direct corrective feedback and recast on EFL learners’ reading comprehension in a critical thinking (CT) context. Sixty female EFL learners were selected from a larger group of 85 learners through convenience sampling and were given a Preliminary English Test (PET) to assess their proficiency levels. As the next step, the participants formed two random experimental groups. The reading comprehension abilities of both groups were measured before and after the treatment through administration of reading section of two separate versions of PET. Both groups received 12 sessions of the treatment. Two paired samples t-tests were utilized, both of which proved significant improvement for both groups from pretest to posttest. Then, the posttest scores of the two groups using an independent samples t-test were compared. Based on the results, the difference between the two groups turned out to be significant indicating superiority of the effect of the recast. This study can have important implications for the stakeholders in foreign language (FL) education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - A Comparative Study of Experiential Learning Cycle in Human and Nonhuman Environments: Critical Thinking, Reading Comprehension, and Vocabulary Development
somayeh sahebalzamani Amin Naeimi Mehry Haddad NarafshanEducational experts posit that technology-based experiences can augment students’ academic performance and foster their critical thinking ability. In this study, the efficacy of human-mediated and non-human-mediated environments was compared in terms of Kolb’s experient MoreEducational experts posit that technology-based experiences can augment students’ academic performance and foster their critical thinking ability. In this study, the efficacy of human-mediated and non-human-mediated environments was compared in terms of Kolb’s experiential learning cycle, concerning the critical thinking, reading comprehension, and vocabulary development of young English language learners. Over a period of four months, two groups of 60 learners (30 in each group) were exposed to mediation via two modalities: teacher-made and computer-made mediators. Pre-tests and post-tests were deployed to gauge learners’ progress in critical thinking, reading comprehension, and vocabulary development. The findings evinced those learners who received technology-mediated instruction outperformed the teacher-mediated group in terms of critical thinking, vocabulary development, and reading comprehension. It is evident that learners who interacted with a computer mediator trumped those who interacted with a human-made mediator, i.e., the teacher. This could be attributed to the alluring features of non-human mediators (technology), which are evidently more compelling than their human counterparts. Manuscript profile
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