بسوی ارائه تعریف عملیاتی از تفکر نقادانه
Subject Areas : آموزش زبان انگلیسیپرویز بیرجندی 1 , محمدباقر باقری 2 , پرویز مفتون 3
1 - Department of English, Science and Research Branch. Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Iran
2 - Department of English, Science and Research Branch. Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Iran
3 - Department of English, Science and Research Branch. Islamic Azad University, Tehran. Iran
Keywords: تفکر نقادانه, مهارت های ذهنی, خصلت های فکری,
Abstract :
ین مقاله با پیشنهاد تعریفی عملی و بروز از تفکر نقادانه زمینه لازم برای ارائه تعریفی عملیاتی از این انگاره پیچیده را فراهم می آورد. پس از بررسی دقیق تعریفها والگوهای پیشنهاد شده توسط صاحب نظران این رشته، مشخصه های اصلی این مفهوم گسترده شناسایی و دسته بندی گردید وتعریفی عملی مطابق با توصیفگرهای اصلی بدست آمده پیشنهاد شد.این تعریف دارای سه مولفه اصلی است که عبارتند از: تجزیه و تحلیل ذهن، ارزیابی داده ها و تفکردرآموزش. سپس عناصرتشکیل دهنده هر یک ازاین سه مولفه شناسایی و دسته بندی شد به گونه ای که پیچیدگی موجود دراین انگاره را بتوان درقالب یک الگو به تصویر کشید. دراین مقاله عناصر سازنده تفکر نقادانه به گونه ای صورت بندی شده است که بتوان تعریفی عملیاتی از آن ارائه کرد. دو دلیل اصلی برای انجام این پژوهش وجود داشت. نخست اینکه انگاره تفکر نقادانه درطول زمان رشد کرده وبه صورت مفهومی چند لایه درآمده که مجموعه ای از توانایی های ذهنی و خصلت های فکری را در بر می گیرد. دوم اینکه علیرغم به رسمیت شناخته شدن نقش بی بدیل تفکر نقادانه در آموزش، از قابلیت های آن برای رسیدن به اهداف آموزشی بهره لازم برده نمی شود.
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