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Open Access Article
1 - Futuristic Scenarios Of The Mental Image Of Large Shopping Centers In Tehran (Old Context)
Negar Salehi ZOHREH DAVOUDPOUR مریم خستوNowadays, Large Shopping Centers As One Of Emerging And Popular Public Urban Spaces Have Found Their Place As One Of The Three Priorities Of Citizens In Metropolises. Meanwhile, These Large Shopping Centers Can Influence The Mental Image Of People And The Perceived Mean MoreNowadays, Large Shopping Centers As One Of Emerging And Popular Public Urban Spaces Have Found Their Place As One Of The Three Priorities Of Citizens In Metropolises. Meanwhile, These Large Shopping Centers Can Influence The Mental Image Of People And The Perceived Meaning Of The Place, The Identity Of The Place, And Social Sustainability, Which Reveals The Necessity Of Futuristic Research About Them. The Purpose Of This Research Is To "Identify The Important Variables Affecting The Mental Image Of A Large Shopping Center Located In Old Context Of Tehran" And "Explain The Compatible Futures, In Front Of The Mental_Image Of A Large Shopping Center Located In Old Context Of Tehran" And Present Appropriate Strategies, Policies And Action Plans In To Control The Negative Effects Or Prevent Them From Happening In Future With These Strategies. The Main Question Of This Research Is, Which Futures, Ahead Of Mental_Image Of A Large Shopping Center In Old Context Of Tehran City Are Believable And Compatible, And What Strategies,Policies And Action Plans Can Control Their Negative Effects?In Order To Answer The Research Problem,The Futuristic Research Approach With Quantitative Method Is Used. Effective Variables Are Identified With Documentary Studies In Background Of The Research,Then With A Survey Method Using A Questionnaire From 15 Experts, With The Delphi Technique, The Main Non-Deterministic Variables Are Identified, And The Results In The Scenario Wizard Software Lead To The Explanation Of Compatible And Believable Scenarios.Then, With DPSIR-Framework-Technique, Strategies Are Extracted And Policies And Action Plans Are Formulated. The Findings Of Research Indicates That The Poor Quality And Unfavorable Perception Caused By The Large Saray_E_Delgosha Shopping Center Located In Old Context Of Tehran Will Bring Many Social And Economic Consequences In Future, Which According To The Strategies, Policies Proposed Appropriate Action Plans Can Control The Meaning And Mental_Image Perceived In Future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identifying contextual factors affecting the management of environment-oriented culture through the media
Reza Khalili Faezeh Taghipour Zahra JafariThe aim of this study is to identify the background factors affecting the management of an environment-oriented culture through the media. To achieve this goal, an interpretive paradigm based on qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing the qualitative content ana MoreThe aim of this study is to identify the background factors affecting the management of an environment-oriented culture through the media. To achieve this goal, an interpretive paradigm based on qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing the qualitative content analysis method. The statistical sample, comprising 31 individuals, was purposefully selected based on specific criteria. It included in-depth and semi-structured interviews with experts in media, environment, culture, as well as professionals from the Environmental Protection Organization and the Natural Resources and Watershed Management Organization of the country, particularly the General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed Management in Isfahan province. The selection criteria for these participants were their experience, expertise, and work history in the relevant field. To ensure validity, interviewees validated the interpretation of the interviews. Furthermore, a summary of the formulated model was presented to multiple experts, and their comments were gathered for further correction and adjustment. Following the interviews, the main category identified in the research was labeled "Media and Promotion of the Culture of Environment and Natural Resources." Background conditions influencing the development of the culture of preserving the environment and natural resources encompassed non-scientific treatment of managers with the media, the lack of universality in media facilities, absence of belief in mediating activities, adherence to security aspects, parallelism of environmental activities and natural resources, absence of environmental media, and the limited role of non-governmental organizations. In economic and managerial aspects, factors included the lack of credits and the absence of a communication system between media and the environment, as derived from the coding steps. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - analysis of the causal contexts of human resources development for the management of human development of disabled people with social disabilities
syyed ali mohammad moosavi reza esmaeili akbar etebarianEffectiveness of the activities of human forces with the aim of empowering and improving people who are injured or at risk of injury in boarding centers is a very difficult, complex and erosive task. This important thing requires developed employees with the spirit of MoreEffectiveness of the activities of human forces with the aim of empowering and improving people who are injured or at risk of injury in boarding centers is a very difficult, complex and erosive task. This important thing requires developed employees with the spirit of Organizational Citizenship . Government policies at the operational level by using the capacity of human resources of non-governmental organizations, is the ability of emancipation for their return to society and family. This article seeks to find an answer to the analysis of the causal context of human resource development for the management and development of disabled people in the mental health park of Shiraz. is. The statistical population was 15 academic subject matter experts, policy makers, and operatives who were selected by theoretical purposeful sampling. In terms of approach, this research is qualitative based on grounded theory, and by using semi-structured in-depth interview method, the necessary data were collected and after coding on them, the causal context factors were analyzed semantically. The findings and results have shown that the causal context include: the need for a suitable organizational structure, improving the level of behavioral-perceptual support of leaders, paying attention to individual emotions, improving the level of cognitive depth of leaders, the need for social participation, paying attention to individual development and competencies, Strengthening information and communication technologies, the need to develop appropriate organizational processes. The need for human development and drawing vision and goal statement. . For structural validation, the technique of collecting from multiple sources and internal validity through member control by reviewing and confirming the implemented text of the interview, the long-term involvement of the writer and the intensiveness of receiving information and external validity through the rich description of the data have been used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Measuring Urban Livability in Historical Contexts (Example: Baba Taher Neighborhood, Khorramabad)
Somayeh TeymouriThe rapid increase in urbanization in the past few decades has led to various perspectives, including the inequality of services and facilities, the decline in the quality of life, the wear and tear of neighborhoods, etc. This has led to the attention of urban designers MoreThe rapid increase in urbanization in the past few decades has led to various perspectives, including the inequality of services and facilities, the decline in the quality of life, the wear and tear of neighborhoods, etc. This has led to the attention of urban designers and planners on improving the quality of life, who mention this concept under the title of urban livability. The old texture of the cities due to the historical antiquity and the existence of valuable historical elements, suitable communication situation, the location of the city's main market and its economic beating heart, etc., has a unique value and position in the spatial-functional structure of the city. The main goal of this research is to measure and evaluate the indicators of livability in the worn-out structure of Darb Babataher neighborhood in order to improve the viability of this historical structure. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical and research-applied. The data was collected using a questionnaire, which was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha method, and the reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed using the Cronbach's alpha test, which was 0.851, which shows that the reliability of the questionnaires is at an acceptable level. In the final stage, the data was analyzed using t-test and Fisher's test, and among the factors affecting livability, urban services dimension with an average value of 134.26 and historical dimension with an average value of 69.93 were respectively the worst and best dimensions in life. The acceptability of the neighborhood has been recognized. However, it can be analyzed that although this neighborhood is considered the most important historical neighborhood of the city and is located in the center of the city, the desirable standards of life and its livability are at a very poor level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Iranian Identity; A Critique of the Views and the Necessity of a Historical Approach
Mohammad ali Asgari Fahimeh Mokhber Dezfuli Younes FarahmandNational identity is the most important cultural and historical asset of any country that was formed in the distant past and continues from generation to generation. The lack of a historical view of national identity can lead to contradictory and deflective approaches t MoreNational identity is the most important cultural and historical asset of any country that was formed in the distant past and continues from generation to generation. The lack of a historical view of national identity can lead to contradictory and deflective approaches that are sometimes controversial. The historical context of an identity is so important that some thinkers consider identity to be essentially a historical category and believes that the national identity of any country has arisen from the accumulation of a nation's qualities throughout history and therefore a common history is considered the most important determinant of an identity. In this article, with the help of library and analytical method, some views and perceptions about the national identity of Iranians are studied and finally, by criticizing them, the questions of what is necessary to have a historical approach and what is the consequences of its lacking, are answered. The findings of this study show that in order to narrate the identity of a nation and to distinguish right from wrong, having a historical approach is an undeniable necessity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The most important factors to expanding networked organizational communication for making a model (among emploee of central office of Elmi – karbordy university)
sepideh tarzami nejad Afsaneh Mozaffari Ali DelavarIn this study, We want to know the most important factors to expanding networked organizational communication for making a model among employee of central office of Elmi – karbordy university. use material from “theoretical and field studies” in terms MoreIn this study, We want to know the most important factors to expanding networked organizational communication for making a model among employee of central office of Elmi – karbordy university. use material from “theoretical and field studies” in terms of “reference model for the implementation of networked communication”.To gain this kind of communication for conceptual model of our study we read the article and documents that are related with ore related with our study and then used the interview technique. after calculating the Choronbachs Alpha we distributed the questionnaire among our samples.finally we used the statistical software like Smart pls to designed the final model of our study. Empirical data resulted in correlation research method and step by step regression and structural equation mode with stepwise method show how “participants, information technology and communication contexts of organization” (X1), “characteristics factors of participants” (X2), “qualitative properties of IT” (X3) and “communication contexts in organization” (X4) caused “networked organizational communication (Y)”. We conclude, today networked organizational communication is important that can shift the most cooperation of people in communication contexts in organization and this argument evolve the new shape with development of information technologies. Thus, we should study the role of information technologies in network communication area with grandiose and forward thinking perspective and establish basic and fundamental structures for future until encourage cooperational interactions among people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Exploring the Impact of the Structural Pattern of Residential Areas (Villas and Apartments) on (Face-to-Face) Neighborly Interactions in Neighborhoods (Case study: Naft sector, New site, Zaytoun karmandin and kianpars in Ahvaz City)
hamed hayaty neda arzani birganiOne of the prominent features of cities in developing countries is that the rate of urbanization is increasing rapidly and the desire of people to live in cities is increasing, which is the expansion of urbanization, the increase in the population density of cities and MoreOne of the prominent features of cities in developing countries is that the rate of urbanization is increasing rapidly and the desire of people to live in cities is increasing, which is the expansion of urbanization, the increase in the population density of cities and the resulting tensions. It has caused urban spaces and citizens to face many problems. According to Hamadi, choosing a house in the cities has caused many changes in social relations and people's daily life. These simple transformations in the urban territory have caused a change in the lifestyle and behavioral pattern of the residents of the urban areas and especially the network of social and neighborhood relations. Neighborhood relations can be defined as a subset of social relations that are created between two or more families together, and these relations are a part of the quality of life that met many needs in pre-modern conditions. Even now, there is often such a feeling in cities and neighborhoods that have deep and extensive neighborly relations. Who we live with is socially and culturally important because it affects our quality of life. Human beings are inherently social creatures, driven by the innate desire to engage with a diverse range of individuals and actively participate within their communities. Neighborhoods and neighborhood units are a reflection of this approach. These neighborhood units, established with the objective of fostering a sense of community and enhancing social connections, assume a paramount significance in cultivating and refining this indispensable attribute. The neighborhood and the interaction of neighbors in the neighborhood have been one of the most fundamental concepts in architecture and urban planning for a long time. The lack of neighborhood interactions and the change in lifestyle and behavioral patterns of residents in cities have established the basic structure of this research. This research aims to examine the relationship between the physical structure or framework of the neighborhood and the amount of face-to-face interactions in the neighborhood. The existing research is descriptive-analytical and quantitative-qualitative in terms of its applied purpose, nature, and data collection methods, and a correlational research method has been used. Data collection was done through library research and field methods (questionnaires). According to Morgan's table, questionnaires were distributed among 394 people in four neighborhoods of Ahvaz city (Shahrek Naft, Newsite, Zeitoun Karmanani, Kianpars), which were presented in closed form and Likert scale. The data collected for this study was analyzed using SPSS software. To measure the adequacy of the sample, KMO and Bartlett tests were employed. The findings were also examined using statistical methods such as Cronbach's alpha correlation coefficient, variance test, and Pearson test. The results of the variance test indicate a significance level of 0.001, suggesting a significant difference between the questionnaire findings in villa neighborhoods (New Site, Shahrak Naft) and apartment neighborhoods (Zeitoun Karmandi and Kianpars). A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.586 indicates that there is a direct relationship between two variables. Specifically, the face-to-face relationships increase in villa neighborhoods, while they decrease in apartment areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Recreating Concepts in the Architecture of Historical Bodies in the Construction of Interstate Buildings in the Historical Context of Metropolis Iran
peyman bahramifar vahid qobadian mahnaz mahmoudiThe monuments of each land are the cultural identity card of the land. In the meantime, urban textures and bodies have emerged as a result of particular circumstances, undergoing changes in various periods of history to become present, and thus becoming unique and unrep MoreThe monuments of each land are the cultural identity card of the land. In the meantime, urban textures and bodies have emerged as a result of particular circumstances, undergoing changes in various periods of history to become present, and thus becoming unique and unrepeatable entities and entities. In our country, this unparalleled, in the contemporary era, due to various factors, has undergone metamorphosis and collapse. It has taken place in a disruptive, unregulated tether, and has completely transformed the image of many of our historic cities. New buildings, in the historical context, before being merely an architectural monument, are introduced as part of the city that must adhere to particular rules and regulations to maintain consistency with historical sections. Extensive research on the topic of the body in a historical context indicates the importance of this topic among other issues related to architecture and urban planning. Moreover, learning the implications of semantic values embedded in past architecture and utilizing them in contemporary patterns. How Iranians have been thinking of old buildings and bodies for a century and a half now, because of their historical value, and the use of its components, and from what perspectives they organized it, is a fascinating and fascinating subject. And it's a secret. In this regard, the present study aims at explaining the concept of the body as a visually and conceptually communicative space, which is often a criterion for recognizing the value and identity of cities' architecture, and with the help of this framework, it is possible to identify dimensions and angles. And hidden values and their role in the design of the body architectures of old areas, and by exploiting and preserving these patterns and upgrading existing values in the historical context, one can recreate discolored semantic values in interstitial buildings and with identity. Its appearance harmonized. The purpose of this research is to investigate the design framework of interstate buildings in the historical context and how it is constructed. Therefore, data were collected and analyzed using the descriptive-analytical method to achieve research goals. The results show that historical bodies with multiple semantic values in different layers were objectively perceptible (concepts in the body) and subjective (concepts in the human mind) in the context of historical bodies. The proposed model of this research, after analyzing and evaluating the indicators in the metropolitan areas of central Iran (Tehran, Isfahan, Shiraz), reveals the strategies that their architects used in the process of creating the work. According to the results obtained from this research in the field of semantic concepts embedded in the historical contextualization and prioritization of the different value levels of those concepts, more criteria can be used to qualify the construction of interstate buildings in the body. Designed and formulated historical texts. From the author's point of view, the priorities of the semantic values that can be easily reproduced in interstate buildings include connectivity/cohesion, rhythm, the order of flexibility, identity, harmony, and other values obtained in subsequent priorities. They can be represented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Role of In-Between Spaces to Identifying Historical Fabrics of Iranian Cities
Lida Balilan Asl Iraj Etesam, Seyed Gholamreza IslamiLida Balilan Asl (Email:lidabalilan@iaut.ac.ir) , Ph.D, Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iraj Etesam,Ph.D, Professor, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran. Seyed Gholamreza Islami,Ph.D, As MoreLida Balilan Asl (Email:lidabalilan@iaut.ac.ir) , Ph.D, Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Iraj Etesam,Ph.D, Professor, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran. Seyed Gholamreza Islami,Ph.D, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture, University of Tehran. The research and topical purpose of this thesis is first to determine the characteristics of in-between space, then to recognize these spaces in the context of the architecture and finally to identify their role in the spatial organization of urban and architectural elements. One of the major problems in the fabric of most cities in the world, is the crisis in the identity of urban and architecture. The physical display of the identify crisis in the cities is the spatial separation of the architectural and urban elements, in the particular and whole scales. As to the claim of this thesis, an ignorance of the connective and in-between spaces is an important and impressive factor in the physical identity crisis of the historical fabrics. To obtain the mentioned objectives and to prove the hypothesis of the thesis, a phenomenological approach and historical analysis method are used to analyze the content of the texts. The theoretical basis of the thesis is founded on the researches on the various aspects of the space and on the concepts which are influential on setting limiting borders and defining the architectural spaces and consequently the in-between spaces which are analyzed according to the structural content analysis as well as analysis-comparison. Due to its nature, the in-between space has some various spatial and meaningful characteristics. This quality has caused the in-between characteristics to be expressed in terms of three forms of formal-physical, meaning-functional and connective-geometrical. Therefore, the relation and interaction of the functions require a third space between the interior and exterior spaces (in & out). Moreover the conceptual focus, the functional interaction and the formal distinguish, imply a fencing of the interior space through a threshold which allows a relation and connection with the outer space. This threshold not only determines and controls the domain and ownership, but it also plays the role of reception, interpretation, improvise and change of the information. The threshold as a distinguishing, connecting and relating factor through the transition field, intervenes in the space organization. This impact can well be observed through determining of the formation features and elements, the pattern of relationship and the discipline dominant over the relations in terms of some organizational principles such as spatial hierarchy. The obtained results suggest that the in-between space due to its constructive objectives takes on an equivocal nature. It becomes both the process and the product. Thus, it contributes to the formation process in order that a unified whole should emerge; it also helps simultaneously the concepts be classified and take orientation. Therefore, in a rotational movement the in-between space influences the spatial organization through its impact on the basics and principles. On the other hand, through its spatial features such as space relations, the spatial organization is influential in the development and evolution of the in-between spaces. The result emphasizes on the comprehensibility of the in-between spaces in the various urban and architectural scales, and consequently it puts emphasis on the significance of the in-between spaces as the major factors in the spatial organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Today Growth of Urbanization; Deteriorated Context of near Future
Hamid Majedi Urban contexts are solely created depend on the development extent of the country, worldwide and for every eras. In other word, politic, economic, social, as well as cultural conditions were of vital components in formation of urban contexts every time. Nowadays, More Urban contexts are solely created depend on the development extent of the country, worldwide and for every eras. In other word, politic, economic, social, as well as cultural conditions were of vital components in formation of urban contexts every time. Nowadays, historic contexts are part of cities survived from the two past decades or event last of the present era. Despite of being highly qualified, most of them have been deteriorated in view of historic or cultural. However, essential consideration for conservation, respect, as well as renovation of such contexts was amongst the programs of architecture, planning, as well as urban design engineers. In this regard, the effect of social and cultural structures along with politic and economic structures was of remarkable focus. Development in historic contexts has been attentively studied to preserve the space-structure values. Pass of time make the human beings more close to the identification of new development of cities in the past decades as the historic or probably much deteriorated contexts. In a very close future, urban development plans, performed or under construction, would be considered as a part of old contexts and remarkable studies will be carried out around these subjects. This study aims to investigate the modern urban development which high probably would be among the deteriorated contexts within next few years. In case of acceptance of some few components of “ skeleton structure” including “small plot”; “impermeability”; “instability” approved by Excellent Council of Urbanization and Architecture along with “economic structure” and “social structure”, paying attention to the deficiencies of “urbanization in country” would be of vital importance. The considerable deficiencies include content, procedure, investigation, as well as approval and performance of urban development plans. Such deficiencies may result in “small plot”; “impermeability” in urban context. Moreover, this study investigates the problems in “building control” (such as issue of certification for construction permit, building completion and no offence) which lead to appearance of “instability” in buildings throughout the urban context and eventually the whole “urbanization and architecture” complex. Totally, such problems may interfere in make an unsuitable environment for citizens or the economic and social decline of urban identity. Overall, the objective of this study is to save the new contexts of being deteriorated in future. This study had a concise view on the effects of politic, social and economic structures of today life on the under construction contexts high probably considered as deteriorated ones. Preparation of urban development plans ignoring social, economic, as well as skeletal structure of deteriorated contexts and essential measures towards promotion and innovation, totally separated from the urban development plans, not only could not be succeeded in fixing the related problems but also create more complicated ones in this regard.Experiences of these comprehensive plans during recent decades demonstrated that any delay in providing proper plan for deteriorated contexts would extend the related problems more and more Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Sense of Satisfaction: How Physical Elements of Historical Texture Walls Could Affect Residents’ Satisfaction in the Neighborhoods?
Mohammad Hossein Javanmardi Hadi Keshmiri Ghazale Shabani Mina Razmara -
Open Access Article
12 - Study about Realizability Situation and Utilization Contexts of Water Sensitive Urban Design
Heidar Jahanbakhsh -
Open Access Article
13 - Reading the Hidden Concepts in the Text of Tehran Highways Walls
Amirmasoud Dabagh Seyed Mostafa Mokhtabad-Amrei Azita Aghamohamadi-Ameghani -
Open Access Article
14 - The Role of Socio-Cultural Components on the Performance of Mosques in Urban Neighborhoods (Case Study: A Comparative Study of Three Districts of Tehran)
Sakineh Maroofi Ali akbar Taghvaee Mohammad.Reza Pourjafar Seyedeh Mahshid Jalalian Hosseini -
Open Access Article
15 - Interpretive approach to contextualism and its application in interpreting religious texts (Quran) and law texts (laws)
Rima Amiraghdam Hasan BorjiDifferent parameters affect interpreting a text such as the text itself, author and audience and….hf the situation (environment) is emphasized then we encounter contextualism. Context consists of textual context and situational. Textual context is about the focus MoreDifferent parameters affect interpreting a text such as the text itself, author and audience and….hf the situation (environment) is emphasized then we encounter contextualism. Context consists of textual context and situational. Textual context is about the focused text and the situational context is the atmosphere in which the language is used. Textual context affects the ultimate meaning of the text in two ways: first is affecting the pre-understanding of the reader (e.g his/her expectations) the other is resembling , or associating some elements of the textual context with other elements of the text read and consequently affecting their meaning. Situational context is interpreting basedon parameters of the possible world, time, location, audience , narrator and the subject. We can observe the application of textual context in Quran by Quran and the application of the situational context in interpreting Quran based on the reason of revelation. In this paper, first the concept of context and its types and different kinds of contextualism is reviewed, later on its application in various historyschools, open scientific research and its application in interpreting law texts considering its application in interpreting religious texts is discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Factors that Affect Developing Women Entrepreneurship in Gilan
Shahrbanoo Rafiei Soroush Fathi Tahmuros Shiri -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigating the fields of entrepreneurship development from the perspective of women entrepreneurs in Gilan province
Shahrbanou Rafie soroush fathi tahmuros shiriThe developed society needs to pay attention to the factors of development in the historical context of cultural-social requirements, etc., among which one of the factors of sustainable development is the phenomenon of entrepreneurship and recognition of effective facto MoreThe developed society needs to pay attention to the factors of development in the historical context of cultural-social requirements, etc., among which one of the factors of sustainable development is the phenomenon of entrepreneurship and recognition of effective factors as well as cultural and social context and ... ... is the atmosphere of society. In particular, women's entrepreneurship as a dynamic and active human resource, along with other factors and contexts that cannot be hidden from the beginning of human life, have an effective and active role in economic and social changes. Paying attention to the current and past cultural and social situation of women entrepreneurs and examining the existing obstacles and limitations can reveal their merits and abilities and the obstacles in forming the process of this important matter (entrepreneurship and its development) in order to participate as much as possible. Most women in the household economy and the country, as well as in cultural and social developments. The purpose of this article is to investigate the development of women's entrepreneurship in Gilan province, which has been implemented by a mixed method. In the first stage, half of the 15 entrepreneurs in Gilan province were interviewed using a semi-structured interview. And qualitative data were analyzed using theme analysis technique. Therefore, data extraction in interviews and coding in the continuation of these themes have been questioned in the form of a questionnaire from 390 entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship, counseling with other entrepreneurs) and social (family support, support of other groups, social responsibility, Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A Sociological Approach to the Penal Populism Phenomenon
Fatemeh dehdarzadeAdopting a penal populist approach by the criminal justice administrators and policymakers has been one of the most important damages the different systems of criminal justice have been faced with in the recent decades. By reviewing all the available literature on the i MoreAdopting a penal populist approach by the criminal justice administrators and policymakers has been one of the most important damages the different systems of criminal justice have been faced with in the recent decades. By reviewing all the available literature on the issue and, using descriptive-analytical methods and library studies, the present research tried to study the penal populism phenomenon through a sociological approach. In other words, as its most important objective, the present research is concerned with explaining and analyzing sociological contexts leading to the formation of penal populism. The findings showed that different sociological contexts help in rising penal populism phenomenon in a criminal justice system and criminal policy - from which public ignorance, undeniable impacts of mass media, and ever increased public fear of crime can be mentioned as the most important ones. It seems that, controlling or decreasing social contexts which result in penal populism require ever more increasing of mass awareness, optima and consistent management of mass media, and ever more use of criminological and sociological findings in the process of fighting crimes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Subject Sensitive Invariantism and Epistemic Contextualism
احمدرضا همتی مقدمEpistemic contextualism is a view in epistemology that the semanticcontents of knowledge-attributing sentences vary relative to thecontexts of knowledge attributers. Traditionally, epistemologists regardthe semantic content of knowledge sentences as invariable acrosscon MoreEpistemic contextualism is a view in epistemology that the semanticcontents of knowledge-attributing sentences vary relative to thecontexts of knowledge attributers. Traditionally, epistemologists regardthe semantic content of knowledge sentences as invariable acrosscontexts. This traditional prevailing view is famous to “invariantism.”According to Subjective sensitive invariantism (SSI), the truthconditions of knowledge attributers are constant in different contexts,but truth values of them vary relative to the contexts of knowledgeattributers. Recently, Stephen Shaffer, a proponent of epistemiccontextualism, has criticized SSI. In this article, after defending of SSIin contrast of Shaffer’s arguments, I argue his arguments are unsound. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Strategic planning of tourism development in the historical context of cities (Case study: Historical texture of Khorramabad city)
parvaneh zivyar somayeh teymouriToday, tourism is the most prominent and most efficient economic activity that can bring many economic, social, political, and cultural achievements to its pioneers. This phenomenon is now recognized as one of the foundations of globalization and a hallmark of space-tim MoreToday, tourism is the most prominent and most efficient economic activity that can bring many economic, social, political, and cultural achievements to its pioneers. This phenomenon is now recognized as one of the foundations of globalization and a hallmark of space-time condensation. Historical tourism, which incorporates the old and ancient texture of cities, has a significant impact on the spatial and functional structure of a city. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to plan a strategic tourism development in the historical city of Khorramabad. The methodology of this research is descriptive - analytical based on documentary and field studies using the SWOT model and then the proposed strategies are calculated using quantitative matrix method (QSPM). The results of the research show that invasive strategy (SO)(utilizing maximum strengths and opportunities) with a score of 3.42 in the first priority and competitive strategy (ST) (avoidance of threats and the use of opportunities) with The 2.63 points were identified as the most important strategies for the development of the historical context of the city in the second priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Analysis of factors related tissue regeneration Urban Area 20 District 17 of Tehran Case Study
اسماعیل نصیری marziye salariniaMultivariate regression analysis showed that the two independent variables and the dependent variable is linearly related to the participation of households in the renewal plan. (sig <0/05) as well as the significance of regression and analysis of variance is a linea MoreMultivariate regression analysis showed that the two independent variables and the dependent variable is linearly related to the participation of households in the renewal plan. (sig <0/05) as well as the significance of regression and analysis of variance is a linear relationship between the variables shows. According to this study should be noted that the findings of the questionnaire on the main variables in recreating Urban damaged more than average assessed. Field data show that the rate of interest is 1.89% of households in relation to collective partnerships. The results show that factors believed to contribute to the awareness of the project with 8/20 and 83/40 6DOF and 000/0 = sig greatest impact on the variables involved in regeneration projects has been damaged. So that by increasing the awareness of citizens and timely notification of the project, given the increased satisfaction and the ability of citizens to participate increases. The results of this research show that the socio-spatial level of effective participation of the people in the old urban tissue regeneration schemes, there is a significant relationship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - An analysis of the concepts of creative city in the historical contexts of contemporary cities, a case study of Tabriz
Reza Khalili Karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir Mohammad Reza Pour MohammadiThe old texture of cities often includes monuments and historical sites. Today, successful managers seek to revitalize historic sites by referring to indigenous urban planning, the use of mixed uses, prioritizing public transportation and pedestrian traffic, providing a MoreThe old texture of cities often includes monuments and historical sites. Today, successful managers seek to revitalize historic sites by referring to indigenous urban planning, the use of mixed uses, prioritizing public transportation and pedestrian traffic, providing a healthy living environment, creating sustainable economic prosperity, and local employment. Attract local participation and attention to cultural heritage and tourism. The present study uses library and field studies and observations to express the importance of the historical context of Tabriz. The purpose of this study is to explain the solution for revitalizing and recreating the historical context of the city of Tabriz and benefiting from the valuable urban space with human-centered procedures. Undoubtedly, by reviving and revitalizing the spaces of historical and cultural value of Tabriz, the necessary ground and platform for sustainable urban development can be provided. Finally, the mentioned factors will cause the prosperity and vitality of the city, especially in its cultural-historical axis, using the participation of local citizens and the creative class and the desirable and acceptable promotion of living space in the historical context of contemporary cities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - An analysis of the function of public urban space in a valuable historical context A case study of the 12th district of Tehran
Ashraf Tashakkori Hamidreza Adabi parvaneh zivyarIn developed countries that have a rich cultural heritage, preservation and restoration of valuable historical context in the framework of its spatial management and the development of public spaces is still an important area and a permanent link to success. From this p MoreIn developed countries that have a rich cultural heritage, preservation and restoration of valuable historical context in the framework of its spatial management and the development of public spaces is still an important area and a permanent link to success. From this point of view, valuable historical contexts are considered as special and opportunity-creating places in terms of physical, social, cultural components and the people of the city. Based on this, the purpose of the research is to analyze the performance of the urban public space in the valuable historical context of the 12th district of Tehran.According to the nature of the subject and its general purpose, the present research method is descriptive and analytical and it was conducted in the 12th district of Tehran metropolis with the help of a questionnaire on the number of 50 people. The components have been evaluated in 3 cultural, physical and social sections and in the form of 20 variables. Pearson, t and regression tests have been used to measure the impact of public space and historical context.The findings show that one unit of change in the standard deviation of cultural actions and the dynamics of native and local life causes the standard deviation of the dependent variable (public space of historical context) to change by 81 and 70 percent. While a unit change in the standard deviation of the activity pattern only causes the standard deviation of the dependent variable to change by 24%.The results show that the social component has a better status than the physical and cultural components. In other words, the variables of cultural actions and the dynamics of native and local life have a far greater contribution compared to other variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Assessing Tourism Potentials to Recreate the Historical Fabric of the City (Case study: Isfahan(
Abbas Gheadamini Harouni reza ebrahimzade dastjerdi mehrdad sadeghiIntroduction & Objective: Historical textures are precious treasures of cities that are the manifestation of several thousand years of civilization. Sometimes these treasures are not taken care of as they should be and are destroyed. In order for tissues to remain a MoreIntroduction & Objective: Historical textures are precious treasures of cities that are the manifestation of several thousand years of civilization. Sometimes these treasures are not taken care of as they should be and are destroyed. In order for tissues to remain as heritage, they must be able to be enriched and introduced to the world. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of tourism to recreate the historical context of the Isfahan city Method: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of how to collect information. The statistical population included domestic tourists in Isfahan, which was unlimited. From this number, 384 people were selected as a sample using Cochran's sampling formula using a criterion-dependent purposive method. The research tool was a standard questionnaire developed by a tourism potential that The questionnaires were evaluated based on content, face and structural validity and after the necessary terms, the validity was confirmed. On the other hand, the reliability of the questionnaires was estimated by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.93 and data analysis through software. spss and was performed using Khido test. Findings: The tourism potential of the historical context of Isfahan in order to recreate the socio-cultural dimension is desirable, in the environmental, physical and economic dimensions is relatively desirable. Conclusion: The historical context of Isfahan metropolis, despite the historic buildings and the necessary potentials to attract tourists, unfortunately, faces problems such as high population density, heavy traffic, incompatible uses, etc., and the effects of erosion can be seen in places of this historical context. In addition to the physical structure, the cultural and historical identity of the city is also in danger of extinction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Fuzzy Analysis of Social context of Economic Development in Agriculture of Iran
mahmoud teimouri hossein akbari hossein mirzaei mohammad mobarakiThe present study is an attempt to explain the the mechanisms and social impacts on economic development in the agricultural sector by extracting the causal and hybrid route. The method of this study is comparative-quantitative and the data set of 31 provinces of the co MoreThe present study is an attempt to explain the the mechanisms and social impacts on economic development in the agricultural sector by extracting the causal and hybrid route. The method of this study is comparative-quantitative and the data set of 31 provinces of the country has been analyzed using the fuzzy logic approach. The results of the necessary and sufficient conditions showed that the condition of economic habitus (credit ethics), economic habitus (low imposed traditionalism), economic habitus (low degree of satisfaction), reciprocal economic action (work), reciprocal economic action (the expansion of instrumental relations) And the reciprocal economic action (calculation) of each alone is a necessary condition and economic habitat (economic rationality) is a sufficient condition for the outcome (agricultural development). In the causal and hybrid causalities, four causal paths of Ali were necessary based on the theoretical and experimental adequacy criteria (coefficient of coverage and adaptability), and the essential causative components that have an appropriate compatibility and coverage index, the condition of economic habitus (credit ethics ) Is common and is introduced as a necessary final condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Survey of Information seeking behavior of the IHCS members on the basis of Fosters nonlinear model
Ayoob Nazi Sakineh GhasempourPurpose: In recent decades, Information seeking behavior has been the subject of many studies and resulted different offered models; e.g., traditional, systematical, user-oriented, task-oriented and linear models. The main goal of this paper was to study Foster non-line MorePurpose: In recent decades, Information seeking behavior has been the subject of many studies and resulted different offered models; e.g., traditional, systematical, user-oriented, task-oriented and linear models. The main goal of this paper was to study Foster non-linear model as a new approach in contrast to previous offered models. Design/Methodology/Approach: This Survey research was conducted by a questionnaire that developed by the researcher based on existing criteria at the Foster’s thesis (2003). Total of 110 questionnaires were distributed and 105 of them were returned. Findings: The results showed different levels of correspondence in interdisciplinary and single-disciplinary researcher’s information-seeking behavior with Foster’s non-linear model in general and also with the contexts and triple core processes, too. The hypothesis test showed a significant difference in the the level of information seeking behavior matching between the two groups of studied researchers with the model. Conclusion: There is an essential need to review this model, especially in determining the weight and importance of each core processes and contexts in modeling the information seeking process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Developing optimal scenarios of creative regeneration of gorgan city
kazem taghinejad saeed yazdani Ali Reza Sheikholeslami Abbas Malek HosseiniBackground and Objective: in order to address the problems and problems of city monuments, the urban knowledge is obliged to replace it in a creative and creative way to recreate it. Therefore, future futures studies have emerged as a new paradigm for long - term view o MoreBackground and Objective: in order to address the problems and problems of city monuments, the urban knowledge is obliged to replace it in a creative and creative way to recreate it. Therefore, future futures studies have emerged as a new paradigm for long - term view on issues facing cities, with the aim of responding to unpredictable problems, futures futures and desirable futures in recent decades. In this regard, the present study attempts to formulate the optimal scenarios of creative regeneration of the city of gorgan city.Material and Methodology: in this study, first with the environment scan and Delphi method, 40 primary factors are extracted in four different social - cultural fields, management and planning, physical factors and economic factors, and then by using the Delphi method. In the next step, using structural analysis in MICMAC software has been attempted to analyze the matrix.Findings: Based on the results of the Wizard Scenario, Scenario Nos. (2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15 and 16) are obtained as static or unbelievable scenarios. The historical context of Gorgan is imaginable.Discussion and Conclusion: Thus, in the short term (1404), the scenario of gradual decline in the quality of historical texture in Gorgan, with the short-term improvement of management factors and the decline of economic factors, is the most likely scenario, but in the long-term future, the cross-sectional improvement of management factors and policy inefficiencies may provide the opportunity to enhance economic factors. Do not allow this scenario to move to a disaster scenario. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Performance assessment of Two-stage network structures with the presence of contextual variables
Peiman Alidoust Zoghi Maryam Nematizadeh Maryeh NematizadehThis research aims to evaluate the efficiency of a two-stage network structure by examining the impact of contextual variables on its performance. To accomplish this, a two-stage approach is implemented, which involves network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) in the fir MoreThis research aims to evaluate the efficiency of a two-stage network structure by examining the impact of contextual variables on its performance. To accomplish this, a two-stage approach is implemented, which involves network data envelopment analysis (NDEA) in the first step and ordinary least squares (OLS) analysis in the second step. In the first step, a non-cooperative (Leader-Follower) model is employed to assess the efficiency of each sub-section within the two-stage process based on their inputs and outputs. In the second step, the logarithm of the estimated efficiency scores is regressed on the contextual variables to refine the network-specific efficiency. The performance of various Spanish airports is analyzed to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Identifying and prioritizing appropriate strategies to organize the fabric of the central part of Qhazvin city with a sustainable urban regeneration approach using SWOT-AHP techniques
Manuchehr Habibi Nafise Marsoosi Ismail AliakbariBackground and Objective: In this research, the worn-out areas of the central part of Qhazvin city have been identified in terms of the intensity of wear and tear, prioritization and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of these areas. Material and Meth MoreBackground and Objective: In this research, the worn-out areas of the central part of Qhazvin city have been identified in terms of the intensity of wear and tear, prioritization and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of these areas. Material and Methodology: To achieve this goal, the documents, statistics and information available in scientific sources, as well as interviews with heads of households living in dilapidated contexts, experts, managers and experts related to architectural and social issues and using the fuzzy hierarchy technique of AHP model and SWOT model It has been used. In the first stage, the worn-out areas of the central part of Qhazvin city have been prioritized in terms of the severity of wear and tear. In the next step, using the SWOT model with a sample size of 417 people for a confidence level of 95% and a probability of error of 5%, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the worn-out areas of the central part of Qhazvin city have been identified. Findings: lack of service-welfare spaces in the studied area with importance factor (0.033) as the most important weakness, easy access to the main streets, market and city center with importance factor (0.024) as the highest strength, lack of plan E. Madoon is in the direction of central justice in the area of Qhazvin city with a significance coefficient (0.054). Discussion and Conclusion: The most important threat is the existence of incentive schemes (such as granting loans, increasing density, etc.) by the relevant organizations in order to increase investment and renovation with a coefficient of importance (0.032) and the best opportunity to organize the context of the sector. The center of Qhazvin city was recognized with a sustainable urban regeneration approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A Comparative Study of Perception in novel of Joyce's "Dublinians" and Sadegh Hedayat's "Zendeh Begour"
Mohammad Karimi Nasser MalekiThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understandin MoreThe theory of perception is based on the assumption that the audience, itself, produces meaning. In this theory, each audience, based on their social, historical situation and mental experience, has an understanding of the text, which raises his perception, understanding and expectation of what is, and he is no longer the audience before reading the text. One of the writing methods of James Joyce (1882-1941) and Sadegh Hedayat (1902-1951) is to use the elements of the theory of perception. They have been able to engage readers well with the text. The main purpose of this article is to find examples of elements of perception theory (open space, open end, unexpected end, uncertain chains, reference to parts of another text, writing based on cultural context and question design) that has been conducted using descriptive-analytical method and library research method. The authors of the article intend to investigate and explain methods of Hedayat and Joyce's use of the theory of perception by providing examples from the stories of the book "Dublinians" and the collection of stories "Zandeh Begour". Manuscript profile -
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31 - Matching Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar’s lyrical themes with Sami al-Baroudi’s ones
Sadegh Ebrahimi Kavary Sakineh Asadi Rezvan LorestaniComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry an MoreComparative literature is one of the newly-founded, useful and efficient sciences that refer to the literature of all nations in an indiscrete series and a single category(despite language and form differences). Obviously, many Iranian poets have similarity in poetry and language with other poets in the world(including Arab poets) .In every poet’s works, various themes such as literal, political and social can be found, but in the poems of Mahmoud Sami Albaroudi and Malek al-Shoara-ye Bahar, two contemporary Arab and Persian poets, there are many similarities. This paper is an attempt to examine their common lyrical themes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Comparative study of the interpretation method of Mohabe Rahman and Al Mizan
zahra mohebpoor haghighi mohammad sharifaniThe method of adaptation is always one of the most effective methods in obtaining the truth in most subjects. In the present era, the book of Tafsir Al-Rahman Al-Rahman and Al-Mizan is one of the great interpretations of our era, which in general view the method of ijti MoreThe method of adaptation is always one of the most effective methods in obtaining the truth in most subjects. In the present era, the book of Tafsir Al-Rahman Al-Rahman and Al-Mizan is one of the great interpretations of our era, which in general view the method of ijtihad of the Qur'an to the Qur'an is a characteristic of both interpretations. After explaining the general structure of these two interpretations and referring to the characteristics of each in the position of comparison and application of the method of the Qur'an to the Qur'an, the present article explains the vocabulary and the important issue of the context in both interpretations. The detailed, comprehensive and extensive explanation of the meaning of words is one of the key components of the interpretation of blessings, which truly has a new style. As dealing with the issue of context as a noble innovation is one of the very important characteristics of al-Mizan's interpretation, and finally, it must be admitted that the use of both interpretations can lead us to a deep and comprehensive understanding of the Qur'an, which is the art of this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Analysis of the narrations of causes for the revelation of Qur'an with a historical approach
Reza RamezaniAlthough research on the causes of the revelation of Qur'an has been conducted in some ways, but it has not been conducted with the historical approach of research. In this article, the causes of revelation of the Qur'an have been analyzed with this approach. Orientalis MoreAlthough research on the causes of the revelation of Qur'an has been conducted in some ways, but it has not been conducted with the historical approach of research. In this article, the causes of revelation of the Qur'an have been analyzed with this approach. Orientalist skepticism in this regard necessitates investigating this issue. One of the contemporary Orientalists, Andrew Ripin is a figure who in his works, especially in his doctoral dissertation, has dealt with the causes of revelation with an independent jurisprudential approach and in some cases, emphasizes the historicity of the Qur'an. Nasr Hamed Abu Zayd in his book "The Concept of Text" has devoted a chapter to the causes of revelation and in this regard, emphasizes historicity and considers the Qur'anic text as all texts, "cultural phenomena" and "product of interaction with living historical reality" and doesn't consider the causes of revelation nothing but the social context of the verses of the Holy Quran. To answer these doubts, this article emphasizes that the causes of revelation of the Qur'an not only limit the generality and immortality, but to achieve immortality, there is no escape from paying attention to the objective facts of the age of revelation. The criticism of this theory is the lack of attention to the rule of "generality of the word, not specific cause". Despite the special revelation of some verses, the generality of their meanings is certain among the jurists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The Relationship Between Cognitive Application of Verses Intervals and their Content (Fallah Case Study)
Rezvan Zamani Forooshani Mahdi Moti’ Mahdi HabibollahiOne of the important branches in linguistics is pragmatics which focuses on author or speaker’s meaning and its important tool is the elements of intralingual and extralinguistic context. On the other hand, one of the challenging issues in Quranic sciences and int MoreOne of the important branches in linguistics is pragmatics which focuses on author or speaker’s meaning and its important tool is the elements of intralingual and extralinguistic context. On the other hand, one of the challenging issues in Quranic sciences and interpretation is the Verses’ termination and their semantic relation with the content of the Verse or Surah so that sometimes single sentences in the end of verses with different forms have different roles and each purpose It conveys a different. This research seeks to use some principles and components of applied knowledge to analyze the Verses of the Qur'an with the conclusion of the attributes of successful human beings and the thematic dimensions of these verses and their conceptual differences at the level of serious purpose and final purpose based on Austin and Searle theories about discourse theory. The research method used is analytical – descriptive applying some components of context within and outside the language, namely companion and successor relationships, tone of voice and position of speech; Wherever this terminal is used, the subject of piety, invitation to charity, following the command of the Prophet, etc. are considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The effect of good governance on the opportunities and challenges of the old neighborhoods of Jahrom city
Mohammad Javad Shabanpour Haghigi Keramatoullah Rasekh Majid Reza KarimiThe management and administration of the old and dilapidated areas of the cities has been in the focus of different approaches and approaches of urban management. The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of the opportunities and challenges of the twelve old n MoreThe management and administration of the old and dilapidated areas of the cities has been in the focus of different approaches and approaches of urban management. The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of the opportunities and challenges of the twelve old neighborhoods of Jahrom city on the formation of good governance in this city The theory of good governance is one of the most important people-oriented approaches and is considered a suitable solution for managing urban affairs. The research method is based on the use of SWAT technique to identify the opportunities and challenges of good governance in Jahrom city. The statistical population is the experts of Jahrom municipality, which was calculated using Cochran's formula of 79 people an analytical method was used to analyze the data. The findings of the research showed that the twelve old districts of Jahorm city have opportunities that increase the possibility of realizing the desired governance; However, despite having these capacities, these regions are involved with challenges, which are inevitable to solve in order to achieve the desired governance The intensification of the migration process of the original residents from the old contexts, the lack of a strategic development plan for the improvement and modernization of these areas, the neglect of public participation, the inadequacy of urban infrastructure and facilities for the disposal of surface water and sewage, the cheapness of housing and the amount of rent of buildings are among the factors that make it possible It has limited the revitalization of worn-out fabric and the realization of social justice for these areas The general result of the research showed that these regions have the desired capacities for the operationalization of the good governance approach, although there are also challenges and obstacles in this direction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Investigating Iranian EFL Instructor Evaluation Scheme from End-Users’ Perspective: Self-Evaluation vs. Students’ Ratings
Fateme Naderian Azizeh Chalak Ahmad Ali Foroughi Hossein Heidari Tabrizi -
Open Access Article
37 - Identifying the Components of First-Course Elementary Students’ Learning Culture: An Ethnographic Approach
Niloufar Farajpour Hadi Pourshafei mohammad akbaryThis study aimed to identify the components of first-course elementary students learning culture by using the ethnography method. The area of the research was the first-course elementary schools of Darab (Fars province) in the academic year 2019-2020. In this research MoreThis study aimed to identify the components of first-course elementary students learning culture by using the ethnography method. The area of the research was the first-course elementary schools of Darab (Fars province) in the academic year 2019-2020. In this research by using the purposive sampling method, 12 classes from 6 schools were selected to observe the classes and ethnographic interviews with teachers and students. To analyze the data obtained from participatory observation and ethnographic interviews, the systematic method attributed to Strauss and Corbin was used. Based on this approach, the data were analyzed at three levels of open, axial, and selective coding to figure out the students' learning culture. The validity of the adjusted codes and the verifications were calculated using the peer review method and member control. The degree of agreement of the coders using the Kappa Cohen coefficient was calculated at 0.88 and 0.86. According to the findings of the present study, Components of students’ learning culture include assessment, classroom relationships, academic motivation, the psychosocial atmosphere of the classroom, students’ educational behaviors, and management of teaching-learning activities. In general, the students' learning culture is teacher-centered and the teacher is the main center of the classroom and directs and controls the teaching-learning processes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Discovering and presenting the conceptual model of hidden curriculum in secondary schools(Case Study of Sanandaj)
Reza Shakeri Gholamreza Hajihosseinnejad Majid Aliasgari Hasan Gharibiبرنامه درسی پنهان در حقیقت فرایندی است در راستای مشاهده تعلیم و تربیت، تدریس و آموزش مدرسه به منزله متنی که باید تفسیر یا معانی پنهان آشکار گردد، است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف کشف و ارائه الگوی مفهومی برنامه درسی پنهان در مدارس متوسطه شهر سنندج انجام پذیرفته است. روش تحقیق مط Moreبرنامه درسی پنهان در حقیقت فرایندی است در راستای مشاهده تعلیم و تربیت، تدریس و آموزش مدرسه به منزله متنی که باید تفسیر یا معانی پنهان آشکار گردد، است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف کشف و ارائه الگوی مفهومی برنامه درسی پنهان در مدارس متوسطه شهر سنندج انجام پذیرفته است. روش تحقیق مطالعه حاضر، ترکیبی با کاربرد روش های کمی و کیفی است. در روش کیفی از مصاحبه نیمه ساخت یافته و در روش کمی برای تکمیل اطلاعات کیفی از پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. نتایج مطالعه حاضر حاکی از اثر معنادار متغیرهای مستقل بر برنامه درسی پنهان بوده است. در این راستا، اثر استراتژیها بر برنامه درسی پنهان مدارس متوسطه شهر سنندج بیشترین ضریب اثرگذاری بوده است و پس از آن نیز بستر شکلگیری برنامه درسی پنهان در جایگاه دوم قرار دارد در مجموع علاوه بر روابط ساختاری که همه معنادار شدهاند، برای بعضی شاخصها نیر یک نوع تحلیل عاملی در مدل وجود دارد، که اثر همه آنها نیز معنادار است و این بدان معنی است که شاخصهای متغیرهای اصلی پژوهش به خوبی توانستهاند این متغیرها را تبیین کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Fairness of an EFL test: the Case of the English Section of Konkour in Iran
Sanaz Behboudi Nazhame Massoud Siyyari Gholamreza AbbasianAlthough many studies have documented the impact of fairness on enhancing students’ learning, only a few have been done in language learning situation in general and in the Iranian EFL context, in particular. Therefore, this study sought to investigate fairness in MoreAlthough many studies have documented the impact of fairness on enhancing students’ learning, only a few have been done in language learning situation in general and in the Iranian EFL context, in particular. Therefore, this study sought to investigate fairness in the context of the Iranian General English University Entrance Examination (Konkoor) to see the extent to which it is a fair measure of the candidates’ English language ability in terms of admission requirements, format, structure, and content. The researchers developed a questionnaire called EUEE, containing two sections: a demographic box and close-ended items with a 5-point Likert-type scale asking respondents to express their opinions. The findings showed that while the majority of respondents agreed that the EUEE met the standards of corporate responsibility and no-test product services, there were significant concerns about its validity, fairness, reliability, test design, equating, linking, norming, cut score, test administration, scoring, reporting, and test takers’ rights and responsibilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Assessing the Impact of Infill Architecture Development on Citizens' Social Participation in Historical Contexts (Case Study: Mohammadiyeh Historical Crossing of Qazvin)
Abbas Dah Bashi Pur Jamaleddin Soheili Infill architecture development with regard to development within the area and redevelopment of the area, tries to use its internal potentials (such as being historical) to use unused and worn out lands in the urban context, through More Infill architecture development with regard to development within the area and redevelopment of the area, tries to use its internal potentials (such as being historical) to use unused and worn out lands in the urban context, through the creation or reconstruction of spaces and improve the conditions of the urban fabric and also prevent urban creep. This issue is more important in a city like Qazvin because the population is always increasing and on the other hand, natural and artificial barriers have limited its expansion in different directions. Because the Infill architecture development takes place within the urban context and in direct connection with society, social participation, meaning the voluntary activities of individuals to enhance their social life, must be considered as a potential at all stages of development. The main purpose of this study is to express the relationship between the above two variables using the correlation research method. After library studies and field research, indicators, components, then, elements for both variables were explained and provide a conceptual model to justify their correlation and accordingly a questionnaire was developed. After distributing the questionnaire, using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, its reliability was determined. Then, using SPSS method, Pearson coefficient equal to 0.830 (which indicates a high and positive correlation of variables), and a significant coefficient equal to 0.000 (which indicates a significant relationship between the two variables), was calculated. The result of this research states that the concept of infill architecture development with the aim of meeting all the needs of users and considering the available facilities, creates trust and increases people's sense of satisfaction and as a result, it expands their sense of cooperation and use of their potential abilities and increases social participation at all stages.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Infill architecture development with regard to development within the area and redevelopment of the area, tries to use its internal potentials (such as being historical) to use unused and worn out lands in the urban context, through the creation or reconstruction of spaces with solutions such as; Create mixed uses and improve the conditions of the urban fabric, save infrastructure and also prevent urban creep. This issue is more important in a city like Qazvin because the population is always increasing and on the other hand, natural and artificial barriers have limited its expansion in different directions.Because the Infill architecture development takes place within the urban context and in direct connection with society, social participation, meaning the voluntary, conscious and creative presence and involvement of people in various activities that can be done in their local organizations, must be considered as a potential at all stages of development. It is noteworthy that during the revitalization of troubled urban contexts, historical contexts are emphasized as the manifestation of economic and social dimensions and the crystallization of urban culture and identity.The main purpose of this study is to express the relationship between the above two variables using the correlation research method. Research question is; How the concept of infill architecture development affects the increase of social participation and The research hypothesis states; It seems that the concept of infill architecture development by increasing the level of user satisfaction and improving the quality of the environment (especially neighborhoods) is effective in increasing the sense of cooperation and using the potential of individuals and increases social participation.Methodology: After library studies, field research, qualitative review and description and analysis of data; Indicators, components, then, elements for both variables were explained and provide a conceptual model to justify their correlation and considering the House of Culture and the Library of Mohammadiyah as a case study, a questionnaire was developed and according to; The number of clients, Cochran's formula and Morgan table, 80 questionnaires were distributed and completed and then, using statistical software and correlation research method, the correlation between variables was investigated. Due to the use of the views of the statistical community and the descriptive nature of the results, we use the survey research method. The assessment tool in this research to collect information is a questionnaire that has been developed according to the elements expressed in the previous sections. The validity of the questions is of a content type. In order to analyze the data, according to the completed questionnaires and using the SPSS method (version 22), we calculated the reliability coefficients of the questionnaire, significance and correlation between variables and determined its direction. Finally, the obtained results are analyzed by inductive reasoning and the hypothesis is examined.Results and discussion: According to calculations, the degree of reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for; The total questions of the questionnaire is 0.944, the variable of infill architecture development is 0.914 and the variable of social participation is 0.917, which indicates the appropriateness and standardization of the questionnaire and the questions asked for the variables.In order to test the hypothesis, according to the answers and using statistical software, the Pearson coefficient and the correlation between the two variables were calculated to be 0.830 that the proximity of the above digit to the number one indicates a high correlation and its positive sign indicates a direct correlation between the variables and also zero (less than 0.05) significance indicates a significant relationship between them.Infill architecture development can be according to the parameters; Promoting the culture of participation with appropriate culture building, strengthen the sense of belonging of the beneficiaries according to the identity of the place, gaining the trust of people by trying to meet the needs of the population, efforts to maintain the desired physical and biological characteristics with respect to the surrounding tissue and promote vitality with flexible design and improve the quality of the environment, increase social cohesion and participation. As in the case study, the creation of a cultural building in one of the historic neighborhoods of the city, by trying to meet the needs of users and holding group activities increases the participation of people in the place.Conclusion: According to the most important data, the concept of infill architecture development by; Utilizing the existing environmental and human potentials, population absorption, increase the self-confidence of local people and their self-sufficiency power, promoting the culture and quality of the environment, attention to the identity and personality of the existing architecture and promoting a sense of belonging, creates trust and a sense of satisfaction and increases social participation in the whole development process. Strategies to achieve the indicators of the mentioned variables according to the specific data; A) Infill architecture development variable: 1- Socio-economic index; Increasing social interactions, benefiting from popular participation, raising society public awareness, generate income for the residents of the neighborhood, provision of municipal services, use of abandoned buildings and spaces, increasing attention to the culture and history of the neighborhood. 2- Functional-operational index; Increasing public service, support for the city's main service areas, restoring prosperity to historical and abandoned textures, reconstruction of dilapidated buildings, increasing the quality of performance among several important buildings. 3- Physical-environmental index; Attention to the height of buildings, harmony with the surrounding tissue, reconstruction of old buildings. B) Social participation variable: 1- Social capital index; Increasing social solidarity, adherence to cultural and social commitments, welcoming personal initiatives, raising awareness and strengthen participation. 2- Index of participatory spaces; Attention to needs, improving the quality of living space, increasing sense of belonging, ability to make changes in space. 3- Index of factors affecting participation; Increasing social cohesion, improving the quality of urban life, welcoming people's ideas, providing individual and collective facilities, increasing emotional dependence, giving identity, attention to the environment. Finally, it is suggested that the participation of individuals in all stages of the development process be used by informing the society about the goals and benefits of the infill architecture development, especially in historical contexts that are prone to achieve to the development goals due to their rich identity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Promoting safety and security by relying on social capital based on cultural regeneration approach (Case study: Historical context of Urmia)
ahmad sheikhahmadi Mirsadegh MohammadiToday, the issue of worn-out textures is one of the main issues of urban planning. Cultural Reconstruction is a new approach to urban regeneration that seeks to rebuild the city and neighborhood by taking advantage of the socio-cultural characteristics and advantages of MoreToday, the issue of worn-out textures is one of the main issues of urban planning. Cultural Reconstruction is a new approach to urban regeneration that seeks to rebuild the city and neighborhood by taking advantage of the socio-cultural characteristics and advantages of each region and to create a distinct physical physical space based on the local culture and characteristics of the residents. Create that special place. This approach has a positive effect on the economy and job creation in cities and can increase social cohesion and the tourism industry in the city and reduce crime. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and is based on documentary and field studies. In the qualitative part of the research, the data of the semi-structured interview were analyzed using contextual theory. The research findings indicate that from the residents' point of view, regeneration depends on social and economic dynamism and vitality. In this regard, categories such as ease of theft and recklessness, safety and security, unemployment and poverty, built space, social, participation of residents and the view of officials, cultural and historical, economic facilities, equipment and services are influential. Also, the presence or absence of trust and motivation has a special effect on the way residents look at the future and the neighborhood. In the quantitative part of this research, by compiling a questionnaire and completing them by residents and experts, by analyzing the results of the questionnaire data and using Friedman and correlation tests, the research findings show that the cultural index has gained the first rank. The existence of cultural potential (tangible and intangible heritage) is a good omen for cultural re-creation. Among the indicators, the environmental index is ranked last. The climatic conditions of Urmia as well as the interest of citizens in nature and agriculture are two elements that can be improved with the efforts of more designers and officials. Also, the social component has gained the second rank, which indicates the high potential of social capital in the historical context of Urmia.Extended Abstract Introduction: Security is one of the most important components affecting the quality of urban spaces. Today, most of these spaces, which are the center of social interactions of residential contexts, have become merely transitory channels without social life. With the reduction of residents' sense of belonging and the lack of public oversight, the above spaces have become places for committing various crimes. Any solution to restore and improve the safety and security and environmental efficiency of the old fabric of historic cities, requires a comprehensive view of the whole and the body of the city to be able to create an integrated view. The number of existing problems and the variety of decision-making centers in general have made this problem seem to be an insurmountable impasse in most cities of Iran. Inhomogeneous and unbalanced distribution of services in the city and especially in the historical centers of cities, uncoordinated growth of residential areas, urban facilities and equipment, population growth, unbalanced distribution of population in the city and lack of hierarchy consistent with today's life in urban arteries, lack of attention Social and cultural issues in the contexts are among the issues that each of them has an important impact on the formation of cities in Iran today, the need for rational payment and the revival of historical centers and rational load on these areas. May. What has turned the old urban fabric into a problematic node is physical deterioration over time, followed by social and cultural vulnerability. Problems and limitations such as incompatibility of body and activity, the existence of inconsistent urban elements, a small per capita use of some uses such as leisure, cultural and parking spaces, lack of proper hierarchy in the communication network and lack of permeability into organic tissue, Incompatible uses and traffic absorption, lack of public spaces suitable for the formation of social interactions, disruption in the land use system, some environmental pollution, gradual outflow of capital and activity reduce the importance and value of the historical context and identity of cities It has led to the departure of groups with high financial power and a sense of belonging to it, and has been replaced by low-income groups that lack a sense of place and space.In recent years, regeneration is considered as a new way to get out of the problems in valuable historical contexts, which facilitates the process of regeneration in three areas by improving and developing unique features of the place, such as historical and cultural values. It will be physical, economic and social. Today, culture has a more effective role not only in creating employment, urban regeneration and social cohesion, not only due to its inherent mission in promoting human rights and shaping collective knowledge and improving the quality of life.Methodology: The present research in terms of purpose, the present research is considered as a category of basic-applied research and in terms of nature and method, this study is a combination of descriptive-analytical methods. Using library studies, documents and theoretical foundations related to the subject and foreign examples were collected. Using field studies, statistical and descriptive data required for research were collected using the question. Letters, interviews, field observations and impressions are covered. In this research, using the principles of grounded theory method (grounded theory), data collection by snowball method has continued until theoretical saturation. The method of data analysis and theory explanation is based on the coding process including open coding, axial coding and selective (selective) coding. ). Research information and data were obtained from a statistical sample using a semi-structured interview. The content analysis of the interviews was done in a regular and at the same time tedious process of data comparison, and for this purpose, a three-step process was used according to the approach of Strauss and Corbin. Also, for quantification, the questionnaire method and tests of SPSS software are used.Results and discussion: In the qualitative part of the research, the data of the semi-structured interview were analyzed using contextual theory. The research findings indicate that from the residents' point of view, regeneration depends on social and economic dynamism and vitality. In this regard, categories such as ease of theft and recklessness, safety and security, unemployment and poverty, built space, social, participation of residents and the view of officials, cultural and historical, economic facilities, equipment and services are influential. Also, the presence or absence of trust and motivation has a special effect on the way residents look at the future and the neighborhood. In a small part of this research, by compiling a questionnaire and completing them by residents and experts, by analyzing the results of the questionnaire data and using Friedman tests and correlation of results were obtained. Based on the obtained results, the cultural index has obtained the first rank. The existence of cultural potential (tangible and intangible heritage) is a good omen for recreating the underlying culture. Among the indicators, the environmental index is ranked last. Urmia's climatic conditions as well as citizens' interest in nature and agriculture are two elements that can be improved with the efforts of more designers and officials.Conclusion: The present study studies the historical context of Urmia, which by extracting the criteria related to safety, security and reconstruction, tries to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the historical context of Urmia and eliminate its shortcomings and improve its spatial status. The existence of cultural potential (tangible and intangible heritage) is a good omen for cultural re-creation. Among the indicators, the environmental index is ranked last. Urmia's climatic conditions as well as citizens' interest in nature and agriculture are two elements that can be improved with the efforts of more designers and officials. Also, the social component has gained the second rank, which indicates the high potential of social capital in the historical context of Urmia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - expressing the relationship of women's safety based on the sense of place attachment to urban historical texture. for instance: (Isfahan's jubareh neighborhood)
Mohammad Ali Rahimi Samaneh Izadi Zamanabadi Paying attention to the concept of citizens' security (especially women) and its improvement methods is considered as one of the primary priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in the process of urban planning, improving the sense of security in More Paying attention to the concept of citizens' security (especially women) and its improvement methods is considered as one of the primary priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in the process of urban planning, improving the sense of security in urban environments, especially in historical contexts, has been one of the most important goals in urban life. The main purpose of this research is to identify the components of creating a sense of belonging to the place, as one of the most important areas of the urban historical context, to create security, especially among women in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan. The research method is qualitative-quantitative research and the research design is combined (content analysis and survey method) to answer the research question of how the security parameters and the sense of belonging to the place affect the safety of women in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan. Is it effective? The research hypothesis emphasizes the significance of the relationship between security and the sense of belonging to a place, which ultimately leads to the security of women in the historical context. The results of the research show that paying attention to the parameters of improving women's sense of security (gender, control, and type of fabric) and the parameters of improving the sense of belonging to a place (ownership, residential history, and memorableness) as the main parameters of this research, which have a two-way relationship in It was proposed to designers and architects for strategic solutions in the historical context of Jo Bareh, Isfahan, to increase the safety of women and the sense of belonging to the place. Urban safe spaces for women have a significant relationship with the expressed variables of a sense of belonging to a home and a sense of security, and the highest correlation was obtained related to natural control, and the lowest was shown for gender.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Paying attention to the concept of security of citizens (especially women) and ways to improve it is considered one of the fundamental priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in urban planning, reducing crime and enhancing the sense of security in urban environments, especially in historical contexts, have been one of the most significant goals in urban life. In recent years, various urban plans (comprehensive plans, detailed plans, improvement and renovation plans for historical contexts) have been considered with the aim of improving the physical, functional, social, and economic conditions in the historical contexts of Isfahan city. ; It is possible to mention the improvement projects of historical, cultural and tourism axes (Haruni, Jo Bareh, Jolfa, Jamale, Dar Dasht, Bid Abad, south of Imam Square). Jobareh neighborhood of Isfahan is at a low level in terms of overall social, physical, and economic structures. This rupture of the spatial and social construction has destroyed security in its various aspects, both environmental and social, the selection of the Jobareh neighborhood is important from this point of view; This geographical place is not only the oldest residential neighborhood of Isfahan city but also with the Jame Mosque and the old square and market, it has been neglected as a cultural, economic and residential group and lives in social, cultural and economic poverty. In this neighborhood, due to the existing problems, social bonds have been separated and most of the native people have left the area; Neighborhood residents are experienced by low-income people and Afghan and rural immigrants without a sense of belonging to the place because they are often not owners and their residence period is temporary. According to what has been said, the necessity of conducting this research is to control the spatial and social structure to solve the problems of this neighborhood, especially the safety of women. According to the above, the purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between women's sense of security and the feeling of belonging to a place in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan to improve the psychological sence of security of women living in the environment.Methodology: The type of research conducted in this research is based on primary data and a combination of (quantitative-qualitative) information. In this regard, firstly, from the descriptive-analytical method (content analysis) in the stage of theoretical studies, the use of data obtained from library studies, the subject literature, and the concepts of the feeling of security and the environmental and architectural factors affecting it, as well as the characteristics of the context. the urban worn-out texture, a review, and a theoretical framework for the discussion were set; In the phase of studying the existing situation, a quantitative method of the analytical-survey research plan (statistical analysis) has been used. By being present in the area under study, which is the Jobareh neighborhood of Isfahan, and by using field observations and setting up and distributing questionnaires, the necessary data were collected. and based on Morgan's table, a sample size of 300 women from the Jo Bareh neighborhood is considered. In the analytical method, the problem is not only described; Rather, the causes and effects have been investigated and analyzed. The significance level of the components was analyzed by the method of correlation coefficient analysis. The whole is divided into parts and analyzed separately. Also, the relationships of the ingredients with each other and the factors affecting them have been analyzed.Results and discussion: The results of the research show that paying attention to the parameters of improving women's sense of security (gender, control, and type of fabric) and the parameters of enhancing the sense of belonging to a place (ownership, residential history, and memorableness) as the main parameters of this research, which have a two-way relationship in It was proposed to designers and architects for strategic solutions in the historical context of Jo Bareh, Isfahan, to increase the safety of women and the sense of belonging to the place. Urban safe spaces for women have a significant relationship with the expressed variables of a sense of belonging to a location and a sense of security, the highest correlation was obtained related to natural control, and the lowest was shown for gender.Conclusion: Other researchers have also dealt with the mentioned cases, and suggestions have been presented by the researcher, which can be related to things such as: improving worn-out structures to prevent the creation of ruins and unsafe spaces while preserving the values. architecture; Creating spaces and public uses such as mosques, schools and parks in places with little traffic in order to increase the capacity threshold; Periodically holding festivals in order to promote collective culture; Trying to improve the sense of security in the area of worn-out structures by using the participation of the citizens themselves, such as holding events or changing the activity time in the studied area, can be impressive in order to make the area alive at night; widening the alleys and streets and creating mixed uses in them in order to increase the capacity threshold; increasing the permeability and accessibility of urban spaces; Improving the quality of the road network and removing physical and practical obstacles along the path of the sidewalks; improving the condition of road lighting; preventing the creation of remote and dark spaces and providing social supervision of others; Creating changes in the structure of the physical environment and influencing the way people use the environment and increasing citizen surveillance; He pointed out the possibility of more monitoring in all parts of the neighborhood to create public, cultural and sports spaces for the interaction of the residents of the neighborhood in order to increase the sense of belonging to the place and spending leisure time in those spaces in order to reduce social abnormality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Recognizing Cohesion’s components of the urban central Context with the connectivity approach in around area of Holly shrine of Imam Reza- mashhad city
Toktam Hanaee Fahime Jameie Seyed Jalal-Al-din Hosseini VaezThe speed of growth and development of cities in today's modern and postmodern world has caused confusion in spatial organization, the reduction of the value of urban spaces, the loss of human scale, the disruption of hierarchies between spaces, and identity problems in MoreThe speed of growth and development of cities in today's modern and postmodern world has caused confusion in spatial organization, the reduction of the value of urban spaces, the loss of human scale, the disruption of hierarchies between spaces, and identity problems in the central fabric of cities, While the urban context is a wide and interconnected area of different morphologies during the life of the city within the city limits in connection with the city. Therefore, the cohesion and continuity of the city are considered to indicate the way of formation and location of the important elements and parts of the city and their relationship with each other. In fact, the structure of every city represents the coordination of the physical space of the city with the mentioned conditions and factors on the one hand, and on the other hand, the connection and continuity between these factors, with this approach, the anchor and intermediate spaces around the important urban elements that connect and They play a central role in the city, become important. Therefore, this article seeks to measure the components of the central fabric's coherence with a connecting approach in the detailed area around Imam Reza's shrine. This research is quantitative in nature, in terms of the method of carrying out survey work and with an applied purpose, which was estimated with a sample size of 374 people using Cochran's formula, and factor analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the findings. Finally, the results of this article show that there is a significant and direct relationship between the level of coherence of the central area of Mashhad and the values of contextual, physical, and spatial interaction with the central index element, Imam Reza Shrine. In this order, the change in the value of the mentioned three interactive indicators can have a positive or negative effect on the increase or decrease of the cohesion of the central area of Mashhad city and cause structuring and breaking of its cohesion and integration.Extended AbstractIntroduction: In today's modern world and the rapid development of cities confuse the spatial organization, devalue places, neglect the human scale, disrupt the hierarchy between spaces and identity problems in the central context of cities and cohesion in the structure, in addition to the city Meaning most is a continuous combination of urban spaces that, relying on the importance of physical-spatial integration in the central area of cities, it is necessary to create a hierarchy between urban life to achieve a religious arena. This paper implies a unifying and connecting quality, especially in the articulated and anchorage tissue, so the connection between the elements must be logically functional to expect a coherent and understandable structure from it. In order to respond to the intended objectives and evaluate the role of the degree of connection and logical communication of the physical components of the tissue structure in an integrated context, this paper has used the factor analysis method with a practical approach.Methodology: The research method of this paper is quantitative, which has interpreted the degree of correlation and the extent to which the indicators affect each other with a practical purpose in the field of texture structure coherence. The sample size is estimated using Cochran's formula with a sampling error of 0.05 and a confidence level of 95%, and according to the statistical population in the central area of Mashhad, which is equal to13868 people, the sample size is estimated at 374 people. Relying on the main purpose of this paper, which is to evaluate and measure the correlation between the effect and degree of effect of role characteristics and articular nature of tissue on the degree of structure cohesion, first with factor analysis method The coherence of the mentioned structure, that this process has been done by examining and classifying the indices of articular tissue and the four physical elements of the urban texture structure based on the paired factor loads of each, so the focus of the measurement should be considered criteria taken from the texture. After recognizing the inherent existence of the target tissue, a correlation was assessed through a questionnaire.Results and discussion:According to the results of this paper, the importance of the functional-physical component and communication network can be understood. According to the above findings, the role of the components of the texture structure in the perimeter of the shrine of Imam Reza can be evaluated by maintaining a detailed role of four basic qualities that explain the nature of the connection in this space. Cohesive and communicative-simultaneos, is the flexibility of inclusiveness and inseparability. Perceptual and triple interactions derived from the studied context including contextual interactions, physical interactions, and spatial interactions is described.Conclusion: Based on the results of this article, all indicators related to the cohesion and cohesion of urban texture can be classified into four groups: "physical-spatial elements, communication network elements, visual and perceptual elements, and social (dynamic) function", which are described in the findings section. Results of this study show that there is a significant and direct relationship between the degree of texture cohesion in the central area of Mashhad and the values of contextual, physical, and spatial interaction with the central index element, namely the shrine of Imam Reza. Thus, the change in the value of these three indicators can increase or decrease the cohesion of the central basin of Mashhad and have a positive or negative effect and cause structuralization or rupture of its coherence and continuity. Generally, The relationship between the physical-functional component and the communication network can be considered as one of the most important interactive and cohesive factors in the field of study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Evaluation and examination of the physical aspect of the city from the point of view of passive defense (Case study: the historical context of the Urmia)
mohammad fari maliheh babakhani rahim hashempourOrganizing the historical contexts of the city based on the requirements of passive defense due to the relationship between history, people, space and their activities is one of the most basic physical planning processes from the point of view of passive defense. The ma MoreOrganizing the historical contexts of the city based on the requirements of passive defense due to the relationship between history, people, space and their activities is one of the most basic physical planning processes from the point of view of passive defense. The main goal of this research is to evaluate and examine the physical dimension and its components in the historical context of Urmia from the point of view of passive defense. The current research is longitudinal in terms of time (prospective), in terms of practical results, and in terms of the goal of developing applied knowledge in a specific field, which is quantitative in terms of the research implementation process, and finally in terms of the type of descriptive-analytical goal and terms of the implementation logic The research is inductive. The method of collecting information is both field and documentary. Data collection tools include observation and questionnaires. The Sample size of this research includes 100 specialists in this field, who were selected in a non-random and purposeful way from experts. One-sample t-tests were used to analyze the collected data, and Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the variables, which was evaluated through experts' opinions. Also, DEMATEL's decision-making method has been used to establish relationships between components. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire from the experts of this subject and to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha test was used, which was confirmed. In this research, the physical, functional, human, access and flexibility components of the space have been used. The results of this research show that according to the results of the Spearman correlation test, the physical independent variable has a stronger relationship with the physical dimension from the point of view of passive defense than other components. Also, the results of DEMATEL model indicate that the physical component has the most relationship and the access component has the least relationship with other components.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Urmia due to its geostrategic location (close to the border of Turkey and Iraq) and high ethnic diversity and provincial centrality, it is considered one of the cities with a high potential for war and conflict and damage caused by threats, which causes a lot of insecurity in Urmia So that during the 8 years of the imposed war, this city was bombed more than 15 times and a large number of children and civilians lost their lives. In this regard, paying attention to the physical planning of the central area of Urmia, which is a concentration of political, social, and economic physical elements, doubles the importance of this issue. In general, due to the historical, cultural, and political importance of the historical context of Urmia city, it seems important to evaluate this area from a physical point of view. The main goal of this research is to evaluate and examine the physical dimension and its components in the historical context of Urmia from the point of view of passive defense.Methodology: The current research is longitudinal in terms of time (prospective), in terms of practical results, and in terms of the goal of developing applied knowledge in a specific field, which is quantitative in terms of the research implementation process, and finally in terms of the type of descriptive-analytical goal and terms of the implementation logic The research is inductive. The method of collecting information is both field and documentary. Data collection tools include observation and questionnaires. The Sample size of this research includes 100 specialists in this field, who were selected in a non-random and purposeful way from expert experts. To analyze the data, SPSS software were used. One-sample t-tests were used to analyze the collected data, and Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyze the variables, which was evaluated through experts' opinions. Also, DEMATEL's decision-making method has been used to establish relationships between components. The Case study is the historical context of Urmia located in West Azerbaijan province. The historical context of this city is a collection of historical heritage that shows the historical and cultural identity of the city. In order to evaluate the validity of the questionnaire, experts have been used and Cronbach's alpha test was also used to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire Both of them have been confirmed.Results and discussion: The results of this research show that according to the results of the one-sample t-test, in the physical component, the items of distance from high-rise buildings, infrastructure area, type of structures and building density were more important than the average level and Also, the items of distance from worn out fabric, level of occupancy, age and quality of buildings, dispersion of military and law enforcement centers have a medium level of importance. in the functional component of road width, distance from educational centers, distance from centers with support functions (distance from sports centers, medical centers, fire rescue and police centers), distance from industrial centers and hazardous products (gasoline pumps and factories, urban facility centers, etc.) and distance from open spaces (parks, recreational areas) were more important than the average level. in the human component, the items of literacy level and age status were above the average level of importance. in the access component, the item of access to public parking lots was of higher importance than the average level, as well as the items of suitable access for riders and compliance with the access hierarchy were of moderate importance. In the access component, the item of access to public parking lots was of higher importance than the average level, as well as the items of suitable access for riders and compliance with the access hierarchy were of moderate importance. In the component of space flexibility, the items of ability to use different routes, the possibility of expanding activities in the future, and the degree of flexibility of public spaces have a higher importance than the average level. Spearman's correlation test was used to evaluate the correlation between independent and dependent variables to The results of this test indicate a significant positive relationship between the independent variable and dependent variables and Also, the physical independent variable has a stronger relationship with the physical aspect of physical planning than other components from the point of view of passive defense. Also, the results of DEMATEL model indicate that the physical component has the most relationship and the access component has the least relationship with other components.Conclusion: Organizing the historical contexts of the city based on the requirements of passive defense due to the relationship between history, people, space and their activities is one of the most basic physical planning processes from the point of view of passive defense. In fact, in addition to the defense content on the urban, national, and regional scale, the defense of the residents based in this context and the historical identity of this space is also considered and undoubtedly requires the cooperation and participation of social institutions and citizens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Hydro-Geological Context of Mikkes Springs and Different Variations of their Flows (Morocco)
K. BelhassanThe Mikkes basin is located at the north center of Morocco. It comprises three different zones which represent diversified geologies which shelter a phreatic and confined aquifer in the Sais basin and a shallow aquifer in the Tabular Middle Atlas. The springs in the Sai MoreThe Mikkes basin is located at the north center of Morocco. It comprises three different zones which represent diversified geologies which shelter a phreatic and confined aquifer in the Sais basin and a shallow aquifer in the Tabular Middle Atlas. The springs in the Sais phreatic aquifer have suffered a maximum depletion. The springs with a deep or mixed origin are known as low flow variation springs. Actually, the variations of the fall of spring’s flows could be linked to a different hydro-geological context of these springs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - A Developed Model for Purchase Intention of Foreign Food Products: An Empirical Study in the Iranian Context
Maryam Zarif Sagheb Seyed Kamran Nourbakhsh Mirfeiz Fallahshams -
Open Access Article
47 - Identifying and Ranking Technology-Telecommunications Context of Information Security anagement System in E-Government Using Fuzzy AHP Approach
Sana Javid Nour Mohammad Yaghoubi -
Open Access Article
48 - Social events and investigating their role in culture-led urban regeneration of the historical context using the method of structural equations. (Case study: Arg neighborhood of Mashhad)
Morsal Omidwar sanaz saeidi mofrad Maryam Daneshvar -
Open Access Article
49 - Explanation of Effective Parameters in the Contemporary Revitalization of the Historical Fabric of the Samen District of Mashhad with an Emphasis on Preserving the Identity of the Site
Tina Farahbod Mohsen Tabassi Sanaz Saeidi Mofrad Vahid AhmadiThe historic urban context of Mashhad, which symbolizes the identity and heritage of several thousand years, has been seriously damaged in the modern era. On one hand, this damage is due to the emergence of new needs and functions, and on the other hand, it is due to th MoreThe historic urban context of Mashhad, which symbolizes the identity and heritage of several thousand years, has been seriously damaged in the modern era. On one hand, this damage is due to the emergence of new needs and functions, and on the other hand, it is due to the emerging need for changes in the identity and function of its historical spaces. This research examines the role of physical, economic, and socio-cultural factors and parameters in contemporizing the historic urban context of the Mashhad metropolis, emphasizing the importance of identity preservation. The research method used in the current study is descriptive-analytical. For each of the physical, economic, and socio-cultural parameters of contemporization, indicators were considered based on the answers of experts using the Delphi technique. The data obtained from the questionnaire were processed using statistical software. Among the parameters, physical parameters received the highest score, while socio-cultural parameters received the lowest score in contemporizing the historic urban context of the Samen district of Mashhad. In the next step, the indicators of each parameter were ranked and categorized using the AHP method. The results indicate that the improvement of access to the context is the most crucial advantage of contemporizing the historical urban context. Conversely, the loss of context is the most significant disadvantage. Providing service infrastructure for livability is the most significant opportunity, and finally, the effects of prolonging the construction process are considered the most critical threats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Investigation of new functions in dysfunctional and historical contexts of the city (Case study: Shah Abbasi area of Karaj)
seyedeh sepideh ghalamro kiarash pourhazhir ardestani yaser hatamiThe city is a living and dynamic creature whose body is formed in different periods under the influence of economic-political, cultural-natural and social changes. In a correct and healthy process, these changes are such that the old elements of cities are revived accor MoreThe city is a living and dynamic creature whose body is formed in different periods under the influence of economic-political, cultural-natural and social changes. In a correct and healthy process, these changes are such that the old elements of cities are revived according to new needs. Historical and Old Despite the characteristics of the centrality of economic, geographical, communication and prosperity of the old market suffer from the apparent erosion of the weakness of urban infrastructure, cultural and social problems and the resulting problems. New generations do not want to continue living in traditional and old tissues, and this causes a change in the structure and even destruction of these tissues.Karaj, like a young metropolis that has been around for less than half a century, is one of the cities that face the problem of 551 hectares of worn-out urban fabric due to the temporal incompatibility of its texture. A large part of Karaj Accordingly, the need to organize the problematic worn-out structures of the city in various social, economic, environmental and physical dimensions is inevitable. The environment that creates the worn-out texture of Karaj has been studied and while providing solutions to reduce vulnerability, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats have been identified, but first the area under study during the cognition process is identified in the table and with the help of the strategy table. qspm provides an optimal strategy, but the important point in this regard is the defensive nature of the type of strategies, which means defending the existing conditions of the historical context of the study area, and finally answers the research question and provides solutions in the field of strategy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Policymaking of Parametric Architecture with the Approach of Cultural Contextualism
mahlegha shahed Hassan Sattari Sarbangholi Arsalan TahmasebiArchitects and Architects and urban designers have considered parametric architecture due to its capabilities and ability to meet human needs. Parametric architecture relies on new methods, procedures, and tools in the design and form generation arena. The mentioned fea MoreArchitects and Architects and urban designers have considered parametric architecture due to its capabilities and ability to meet human needs. Parametric architecture relies on new methods, procedures, and tools in the design and form generation arena. The mentioned features can affect the type of communication and interaction with cultural context. Due to the fact that the architectural work must be formed in accordance with its cultural background in order to respond to human needs and also considering the capabilities of parametric architecture, it is important to propose policies in the field of parametric architecture based on cultural contextualism. This research has been carried out with the aim of policymaking of parametric architecture with the approach of cultural contextualism. This is a Basic-Developmental study that identified the considered criteria and components in the first stage through library research and relevant literature review. The Fuzzy Delphi technique was used for screening criteria in the second stage in which, the expert agreement was taken into account as the benchmark for evaluating the importance of criterias. The main purpose of criteria screening is to find valid criteria and eliminate redundant criteria from the viewpoint of experts. The results derived from the Fuzzy Delphi technique indicated that all scores confirmed the importance of criteria from the viewpoint of experts regarding the final grade point average and given threshold. Accordingly, there was an agreement on criteria evaluation, so they could not be eliminated. Since the final grade point average of all variables was confirmed, it was not required to continue the Fuzzy Delphi computations in the next rounds. Hence, the decision was made on selecting criteria in the first round. Moreover, experts agreed on the importance of criteria introducing form changes and vernacular patterns regeneration as the most important criterion rather than others. The experts introduced the mentioned criteria as the most important component by defining new rules for generating diverse patterns. Results indicated that the display of cultural themes in the frame of pattern-making through adaptation from patterns derived from vernacular patterns by defining new rules and principles has an important role in the policymaking of parametric architecture with the approach of cultural contextualism. Therefore, this point must be considered in the design. This case requires interaction between designers and experts in culture and architecture. Moreover, it is highly substantial to have access to relevant software and application in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Analyzing and investigating the indices and factors of creative tourism in urban rusty contexture of Isfahan (Case study: Joybere quarter)
Sedigheh Kani salmi Hamed SafariPurpose: the main purpose is analyzing the indices and factors of creative tourism in rusty contexture of Joybare in Isfahan. Method: the method of the study is descriptive analytic and the tool is a researcher-made questionnaire with 55 general and special questions. MorePurpose: the main purpose is analyzing the indices and factors of creative tourism in rusty contexture of Joybare in Isfahan. Method: the method of the study is descriptive analytic and the tool is a researcher-made questionnaire with 55 general and special questions. The statistic population was inhabitants of Joybare in Isfahan about 11363 people. The sample size was calculated 156 people by Sample Power software. Validity was face validity and reliability was 0.923 by Alpha Cronbach’s coefficient. Analytic and inferential analyses have been performed by SPSS, one sample T-test, ANOVA, LSD, Duncan, and friedman tests. Findings: The results of t-test shows that status of factors of cooperation, service and welfare facilities, reconstruction and mending, cultural attractions and historical monuments have been less than the mean average of the test. Informational factors, advertising, creativity, and value creation have been in half average status in tourism. Results: the results of ANOVA test with significant level of 0.009 demonstrate inequality of the average of the status of factors of development of creative tourism. For confirmation of the difference of the effect of the investigated factors; creativity and value creation in tourism along with notifying and advertising have been put in a separate group. In the results of the rating the status of the indices of creative tourism by friedman test, the highest level of average at first step is related to the variables of creativity and value creation and next to reconstruction and mending. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Qazvin from Pre-Islam to Modern Times Based on Historical Sources and Archaeological Studies
Shima Ahmad SaffariThe city in the Islamic period, in terms of structure, was the continuation of Sassanid era urban planning, and its physical elements are mostly taken from the rich culture of Islam and indicate the Islamic civilization. Qazvin is one of the cities of the Islamic period MoreThe city in the Islamic period, in terms of structure, was the continuation of Sassanid era urban planning, and its physical elements are mostly taken from the rich culture of Islam and indicate the Islamic civilization. Qazvin is one of the cities of the Islamic period, the core of which was formed during the Shapur rule, the Sassanid king, and gradually developed and expanded. This city, in terms of its special geographical location, has been the focus of various governments since the pre-Islam era, and its location on the east-west and north-south communication highways has guaranteed the survival of the social, political, and economic life of this city. Knowing the characteristics of such cities can be useful in gaining a deep and broad insight into the social and political history of Iran in the Islamic era. Historians of the Islamic era have examined the city of Qazvin from various aspects. In this article, an attempt has been made to study the characteristics of the urban context of Qazvin from the historical point of view and archaeological research, as well as the communication routes of this city with neighboring areas based on historical sources. The main question is to what extent the historical information corresponds to the features of this city. The results of this study and the field visit to the city show that the urban context of Qazvin is largely consistent with historical sources. The field surveys and studies carried out and their comparison with archaeological research showed that the city underwent many changes in the late Islamic era, in such a way that during the Qajar period, as well as in the Pahlavi period, the urban context was expanded and modern buildings were built in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The Sociopolitical Context of Central Fars during the Achaemenid Era and its Relation with the Economic System
Somaye Heidarilaghab -
Open Access Article
55 - Organizing the Cultural, Historical Axes of Qazvin City with Contextualism Approach, (Case Study: Street Peighambarieh)
Mahtab Karimi skaboni Mohammadreza Pourjafar -
Open Access Article
56 - Approaches of Gentrification Model to Gentrify and Rehabilitate Urban Old Context
Zohreh Davoudpour Farzad Shalchi -
Open Access Article
57 - Physical Factors Influencing Place Identity in Higher Education Environments (Case Study: Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch)
Leila Karimifard Fatemeh Tabatabaei Malazi -
Open Access Article
58 - Designing learning opportunities in educational system
tahmoures aghajani gholamreza azizi jamal sadeghiNew electronic technologies have been influential in the formation of new social and cultural situations. The new situations demand novel educational contexts and methods of educational designs. Education is an important means of spreading and promoting culture. T MoreNew electronic technologies have been influential in the formation of new social and cultural situations. The new situations demand novel educational contexts and methods of educational designs. Education is an important means of spreading and promoting culture. The major part of what students learn about their opportunities is based on what education designers have developed. It should be remembered that there is no incidental learning. What students learn is directly related to the opportunities they are provided with Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Analyzing the Impact of Using Multimedia Visual Aids on Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral skill
Fatemeh Mohammadi Sadegh Mahla Rafsanjani FeizabadUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on MoreUsing multimedia audio-visual aids stimulates thinking and improves learning environment in a classroom and they can be a helpful tool in the language classroom (Mannan, 2005). The present study made an effort to investigate the effect of using multimedia visual aids on the learners’ oral (speaking) skill. This study is an experimental research and two groups of learners in a language institute were chosen to participate in the experiment. The participants of the study were made up of 68 advanced EFL learners in a language institute in Mashhad. To homogenize the study subjects to select an appropriate sample, a placement test was administered, and 60 students were selected. Then, they were randomly classified into two groups, i.e., control and experimental groups (30 Ss in each group). The participants of the experimental group were exposed to the multimedia visual aids in their classes, while the EFL students of the control group were instructed through the conventional teaching method and using ordinary material. The results indicated that the use of multi-media visual aids could positively impact the Iranian EFL learner's' speaking ability. Findings of this study have numerous implications for language teachers, practitioners and administrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Teachers' Attitudes towards Teaching in Formal vs. Informal ELT Contexts
Farid Ghaemi Farshid Mohammadbeigi -
Open Access Article
61 - Standard English or World Englishes: Issues of Ownership and Preference
Ehsan Namaziandost Soheila Tahmasbi Arsh Hashemifardnia -
Open Access Article
62 - The Intertextual Reading of Lalehzar Context Based on Event-Space Concept for Improving Its Spatial Quality
Mohammadreza Jasbi fatemeh amirian Bahman NamvarmotlaghThe Intertextual Reading of Lalehzar Context Based on Event-Space Concept for Improving Its Spatial QualityAbstract: As valuable traditional pieces of the past, historical and cultural contexts are indispensable parts of any society, highlighting the importance of their MoreThe Intertextual Reading of Lalehzar Context Based on Event-Space Concept for Improving Its Spatial QualityAbstract: As valuable traditional pieces of the past, historical and cultural contexts are indispensable parts of any society, highlighting the importance of their preservation and restoration. Generally, historic sites carry the bio-codes of generations who left their distinct traces at a point in time. Without a shadow of a doubt, these unique footprints shape the cultural capital of any nation, including memories and mental images of citizens, leading to the basis of their identity. This article aimed to determine the most influential factors in improving the spatial quality of valuable urban context based on the concept of “event-space” through an intertextual reading. The selected area in this study was the Lalehzar context, one of Tehran's oldest historical and cultural streets. Reminiscing with vivid memories from the past citizens, Lalehzar street was a representation of modern life. This is why it consists of a significant number of cinemas, hotels, cafes, boutiques, and markets as modern functional representations, being an appropriate container for various social-cultural events and modern behavior. However, during the last seven decades, this area has lost its identity because of the city development and its negative consequences. Unfortunately, a large part of this historic district has been damaged due to the absence of social and cultural activities and an unfit neighborhood. Many symbolic spaces in Lalehzar have been destroyed or are on the verge of destruction. The place is now mainly used for everyday activities, entirely in contradiction with the physical body of the street in the form of electronics stores, resulting in intensified visual pollution. Given its rich history in Tehran and its exceptional location neighboring Baharestan Square and Toopkhaneh Square, Lalehzar Street has a brilliant capacity to accept new uses befitting its cultural and historical status. In doing so, the spatial quality and its improvement as an area of theoretical study in contemporary architecture were put into consideration, and the research and views of experts like Bentley, Rogers, Bell, and Golkar have been compared and analyzed. Some architects and urban designers believe that current factors are insufficient for the quality improvement of valuable contexts. Considering that the history and backgrounds of buildings are crucial in urban design and quality improvement, the intertextual approach was chosen to reinforce available potential and eliminate disharmonious parts. Intertextuality refers to the various relationships of texts, and intertextual reading allows studying different layers of a text and utilizing hermeneutics, the science of interpretation and change. Meanwhile, what is so important about this area was the events that took place here granted a lively atmosphere, almost equal to its physical representations and history that the built environment historians usually pay attention to. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to find the hidden dimensions of the effects of event space on spatial quality in Lalehzar through intertextual reading. The main research question was posed as follows: How can we determine the reliable and influential factors in spatial design quality improvement in valuable contexts through intertextual reading? In this qualitative interpretive research, the views of experts in event-space and spatial quality were first studied. To collect the data, in addition to the library resources and documentary research, interviews were conducted with the space users and audiences, whether at the buildings or in their neighborhood. To narrow down the study for accurate results, five landmark event spaces (Grand Hotel, Nasr Theater, Pars Theater, Pars Café, and Alborz Cinema) were selected through purposeful sampling, and they were studied and analyzed over two years. The data were coded via interpretive and content analysis, and eventually, SPSS and MAXQDA were used to analyze the extracting data. The former was used for quantities analysis resulting in a diagram of crucial factors for improving the quality of space based on the theorists’ writings, while the latter was used for creating some graphical coding diagrams for both the conducted research and interviews. The study’s results indicated that space perception, attachment to the natural flow of life (proportion, order, dynamicity), and spatial formation (variety and hierarchy) were the most influential factors in improving the quality of valuable contexts.Keywords: Intertextual Reading; Event-Space; Space quality enhancement; Lalezar; Valuable historical context. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - بررسی میزان همبستگی بین سبک نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی وجنسیت و شخصیت آنان
بیوک بهنام بهروز عزبدفتری شیما احمدی آزاد نحوه ی کاربرد کلمات توسط افراد مختلف میتواند نشان دهنده ی فرایندهای مختلف روان شناختی از قبیل تفکر، احساس، ادراک، و شخصیت آنها باشد. در این مقاله با تکیه بر عوامل جنسیت و دو بعد مهم شخصیتی ( برونگرایی- درونگرایی و روان رنجوری- ثبات هیجانی)، که از طریق تست ش More نحوه ی کاربرد کلمات توسط افراد مختلف میتواند نشان دهنده ی فرایندهای مختلف روان شناختی از قبیل تفکر، احساس، ادراک، و شخصیت آنها باشد. در این مقاله با تکیه بر عوامل جنسیت و دو بعد مهم شخصیتی ( برونگرایی- درونگرایی و روان رنجوری- ثبات هیجانی)، که از طریق تست شخصیتی آیزنک (نسخه ی اصلاح شده) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند، به بررسی میزان ارتباط بین سبک نوشتاری زبان آموزان ایرانی و جنسیت و شخصیت آنها پرداخته شده است. مفهوم معنای صریح (رسمی) در مقابل معنای ضمنی (وابسته به قراین) بعنوان مهمترین عوامل تنوع زبانی تلقی شده اند. برای اندازه گیری صراحت زبانی (رسمیت) ، بر اساس فراوانی انواع مختلف کلمات، از یک روش تجربی استفاده شده است. اسم، صفت، حرف اضافه، و حرف تعریف در سبک زبانی صریح فراوانی بیشتری دارند و ضمیر، قید، فعل، و ندا در سبک زبانی ضمنی تکرار بیشتری دارند. فراوانی کلمات احساسی مثبت و منفی توسط برنامه ی بررسی زبانی و شمارش کلمات ارزیابی گردیدند. نتیجه ی این تحقیق هیچ رابطه ی معناداری را بین این متغیرها نشان نداد؛ دلیل آن را میتوان تاثیر دیگر عوامل غیر زبانی تعیین کننده ی صراحت مانند موقعیت و میزان تحصیلات دانست. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - تأثیر استفاده از داستانهای دیجیتالی در ارتقاء قدرت درک مطلب شنیداری زبانآموزان ایرانی در سطح پیشمتوسط
Nasrin Hadidi لیلا حسن زادهمطالعات فراوانی در مورد نقش داستانها در آموزش و همچنین نحوة ارائه آنها به زبانآموزان انجامگرفته است که حاکی از تأثیر مثبت داستانها روی یادگیری کلی زبان خارجی هستند.داستانهای دیجیتالی با بهوجود آوردن فضایی شاد و دل انگیز باعث افزایش قدرت درک مطلب زبانآموزان Moreمطالعات فراوانی در مورد نقش داستانها در آموزش و همچنین نحوة ارائه آنها به زبانآموزان انجامگرفته است که حاکی از تأثیر مثبت داستانها روی یادگیری کلی زبان خارجی هستند.داستانهای دیجیتالی با بهوجود آوردن فضایی شاد و دل انگیز باعث افزایش قدرت درک مطلب زبانآموزان، یادگیری لغات جدید، حروف اضافه و ... میشوند. در تحقیق حاضر۴۰ﺯبانﺁموزدختر یک ﺁموزشگاه زبان در تبریز شرکت کردند. ۲۰زبانﺁموز در ﮔروه ﺁزمایش و ۲۰ زبانﺁموز درﮔروه کنترل قرار ﮔرفتند. زبانﺁموزان هر دو ﮔروه در سطح پیشمتوسط و۱۱تا ۱۴ساله بودند. در شروع دوره، از طریق امتحانPET سطح مهارت زبانی شرکت کنندﮔان بررسی شد. ازﺁنجاییکه تحقیق حاضر در خصوص درک مطلب شنیداری زبانﺁموزان بود، تنها بخشهای مربوط به دو مهارت شنیداری و خواندنی مدنظر قرار ﮔرفت و بهدنبال ﺁن یک امتحان درک مطلب شنیداری بهعنوان پیشﺁزمون به شرکت کنندﮔان داده شد تا مطمئن شویم اختلاف معناداری از نظر درک مطلب شنیداری در میان شرکت کنندﮔان در این تحقیق وجود ندارد. به هر دو ﮔروه کتاب درسی مشابهی(Interchange 1) تدریس شد. درﮔروه کنترل فقط کتاب درسی طی دو جلسه هفتگی در طول ترم تدریس شد. در گروه آزمایش نیز تدریس هفتگی به همین منوال بود، ولی هر هفته جلسه سومی جهت استفاده از داستانهای دیجیتالی مختص سطح پیشمتوسط برای گروه آزمایش برگزار میشد. زبانآموزان در این جلسات به داستانهای دیجیتالی گوش داده و آنها را تماشا کردند، ضمن اینکه تکالیفی مرتبط با هر داستان را انجام میدادند. جهت بررسی و ارزیابی فرضیه این تحقیق یک امتحان شنیداری بهعنوان پسآزمون از زبانآموزان گرفته شد تا سطح توان شنیداری هر دو گروه مقایسه گردد. نتایج حاصل ازعملکرد زبان داستانهای دیجیتالیزبانآموزان هر دو گروه در پسآزمون بیانگر افزایش قدرت درک مطلب شنیداری گروه آزمایش بود که بهنظر میرسد تأثیر مثبت داستانهای دیجیتالی در این زمینه باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - ارتباط بین خلاقیت معلمان، انگیزش و میزان رضایت شغلی آنان: بررسی نقش جنسیت، تجربه تدریس و بافت تدریس
روشن فرج زاده پرویز علوی نیاتحقیق حاضر رابطه بین خلاقیت، انگیزه و رضایت شغلی دبیران و اساتید زبان انگلیسی را در ایران با در نظر گرفتن نقش جنسیت، سابقه و مکان تدریس مورد بررسی قرار داد. همچنین نقش عواملی چون جنسیت، تجربه تدریس و بافت تدریس مورد کاوش قرار گرفت. برای اجرای تحقیق، 103 نفر از معلمان زب Moreتحقیق حاضر رابطه بین خلاقیت، انگیزه و رضایت شغلی دبیران و اساتید زبان انگلیسی را در ایران با در نظر گرفتن نقش جنسیت، سابقه و مکان تدریس مورد بررسی قرار داد. همچنین نقش عواملی چون جنسیت، تجربه تدریس و بافت تدریس مورد کاوش قرار گرفت. برای اجرای تحقیق، 103 نفر از معلمان زبان انگلیسی در موسسات و مدارس بصورت داوطلبانه انتخاب گردیدند. معلمان منتخب در نمونه آماری دارای سابقه تدریسی متنوع از هر دو جنسیت مرد و زن و از هر دو محیط آموزشی متشکل گردید. برای جمع آوری داده ها سه نوع پرسشنامه در این تحقیق مورد استفاده قرار گرفت که عبارت بودند از پرسشنامه خلاقیت شغلی معلمان، پرسشنامه انگیزه کاری معلمان و پرسشنامه رضایت مندی شغلی دبیران. داده های جمع آوری شده از طریق روش های تحلیلی متفاوتی شاملSpearman’s Rank Order Correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis, Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test مورد تفسیر و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته ها ی این مطالعه تحقیقاتی نشان دادند که رابطه معناداری بین انگیزه کاری معلمان و رضایت مندی شغلی آنها وجود دارد و همچنین مشخص شد که انگیزه کاری معلمان در مقایسه با خلاقیت شغلی آنها تاثیر بیشتری بر رضایت مندی شغلی دبیران دارد. با این وجود هیچ رابطه معناداری بین عوامل جمعیت شناختی و رضایت مندی شغلی معلمان یافت نگردید. دستاورد های این مطالعه تحقیقاتی می تواند اهداف کاربردی را برای مسئولین آموزشی، دبیران، مدیران مدارس و افراد آکادمیک در راستای افزایش رضایت مندی شغلی آنها در محیط های آموزشی متفاوت داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - ارزیابی سطح تفسیری فرکلاف از طریق معیار نیکی: یک نمونه ایرانی
علی منصوری نژادمطالعه حاضر تلاشی ارزیابی برای بررسی کاربرد روشهای تفسیر ارائه شده توسط فرکلاف (1989) در تحلیل انتقادی متون فارسی بود. ارزیابی بر اساس معیار نیکی ، چارچوب القا تحلیلی (AI) ایجاد شده توسط سیلورمن (1993) انجام شد. با این کار ، ما به تفسیر سخنرانی افتتاحیه رئیس جمهور ایران Moreمطالعه حاضر تلاشی ارزیابی برای بررسی کاربرد روشهای تفسیر ارائه شده توسط فرکلاف (1989) در تحلیل انتقادی متون فارسی بود. ارزیابی بر اساس معیار نیکی ، چارچوب القا تحلیلی (AI) ایجاد شده توسط سیلورمن (1993) انجام شد. با این کار ، ما به تفسیر سخنرانی افتتاحیه رئیس جمهور ایران ، دکتر روحانی در مجمع عمومی سازمان ملل متحد در نیویورک در سال 2013 پرداختیم. تفسیر مطابق با مدل تفسیر فرکلاف با توجه به نظریه القا تحلیلی انجام شد چارچوب نتیجه مطالعه از عملی بودن مدل کلی تفسیر در زمینه ایرانی حمایت کرد. با این حال ، با توجه به زمینه خاص جامعه شناختی ایرانی ، در این تحقیق همچنین پیشنهادهایی با توجه به تفسیر انسجام محلی و ساختار متن در بخش پایین مدل و همچنین شرایط موقعیتی و زمینه بینا متنی در بخش بالا ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - جانشینی به عنوان عنصری از پیوستگی های گرامری در مفاهیم انگلیسی
محمدرضا حسن نژاد نادر اسدی سید علی کاظمیدر تلاش به منظور پاسخ دادن به دو سوال تحقیق در خصوص نقش تدریس عنصر جانشینی به عنوان نوعی از پیوستگی های گرامری در کمک به تشخیص نوع درست و نادرست آن در متون مختلف و همچنین استفاده از این عنصر در ایجاد ساختارهای مدل، گزارشی و شرطی، مراحل زیر به انجام رسید. نخست 120 نفر از Moreدر تلاش به منظور پاسخ دادن به دو سوال تحقیق در خصوص نقش تدریس عنصر جانشینی به عنوان نوعی از پیوستگی های گرامری در کمک به تشخیص نوع درست و نادرست آن در متون مختلف و همچنین استفاده از این عنصر در ایجاد ساختارهای مدل، گزارشی و شرطی، مراحل زیر به انجام رسید. نخست 120 نفر از دانشجویان مرد و زن از دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ایرانشهر انتخاب شدند و با اتجام تست تعیین سطح، 80 نفر از آنان بر اساس نمره تافل به عنوان گروه سطح متوسط انتخاب شدند. در ابتدا پیش آزمون های تشخیص عنصر جانشینی و استفاده از آن در ایجاد بافت های مدل، گزارشی و شرطی در اختیار دو گروه کنترل و هدف قرار داده شد. در انتهای تحقیق نمونه ای مشابه از تست هایی که در بالا دکر شده به عنوان آزمون های نهایی توسط دانشجویان کامل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تدرس نوع خاصی از عناصر پیوستگی که مد نظر این تحقیق بوده است به دانش آموزان کمک نموده است تا نوع درست و نادرست عنصر جانشینی را از هم تمیز دهند و همچنین از این عنصر در تولید ساختارهای مختلف مدل، گزارشی و شرطی استفاده کنند. نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق می تواند کاربردهای مختلفی در یادگیری زبان انگلیسی داشته باشد و از طریق عمیق تر کردن فهم ما از خاصیت عناصر پیوستگی درتقویت مهارت هایی مانند درک مطلب، صحبت کردن و نوشتن یاری دهنده مان باشد تا بتوانیم نویسندگان ، خوانندگان و سخنگویان سلیس تر و دقیق تری در زبان دوم داشته باشیم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - تاثیر متن بر یادگیری و یاداوری اصطلاحات
سیمین ولیزاده سعیده آهنگریهدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر متن بر روی یادگیری و یاداوری اصطلاحات توسط 60 تن از زبان اموزان ایرانی می باشد. به این منظور محققین شرکت کنندگان را به دو گروه ازمایشی و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم کردند: گروه ازمایشی اول ( گروه متن گسترده) گروه ازمایشی دوم ( گروه متن محدود) و Moreهدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی تاثیر متن بر روی یادگیری و یاداوری اصطلاحات توسط 60 تن از زبان اموزان ایرانی می باشد. به این منظور محققین شرکت کنندگان را به دو گروه ازمایشی و یک گروه کنترل تقسیم کردند: گروه ازمایشی اول ( گروه متن گسترده) گروه ازمایشی دوم ( گروه متن محدود) وگروه کنترل( گروه بدون متن) نامیده شدند . ابتدا یک تست اصطلاحات 50 سوالی با استفاده از معیار سنجش لغت گرفته شده از (وشه و |پریبخت 1993) تهیه گردیده و جهت پاسخگویی به زبان اموزان داده شد. براساس پاسخ شرکت کنندگان 30 اصطلاح که برای انها نا اشنا بود انتخاب و به عنوان اصطلاحات هدف تعیین گردید. سپس جهت تدریس این اصطلاحات محققین به روشهای زیر اقدام کردند: در گروه ازمایشی اول این اصطلاحات در داخل متن گسترده از طریق گوش دادن به داستانهای کوتاه تدریس شدند. در گروه ازمایشی دوم اصطلاحات هدف در داخل متون محدود توسط جملات کوتاه تدریس گردید. اما در گروه کنترل اصطلاحات مذکور خارج از متن بصورت دادن تعرف و معنای انها تدریس گردیدند. تحلیل نتایج پس ازمون انی و پس ازمون تاخیری نشان داد که تدریس اصطلاحات در متن گسترده تاثیر معنی داری بر یادگیری و به خاطر سپاری اصطلاحات توسط زبان اموزان دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - An Exploratory study of factors influencing human resource productivity aspects in an Islamic context from the point of views of Mashhad municipal employees
Afagh Arjmandi Nejad Habibolah Doaei Noor Mohammad Yaghoubi Seyed Aligholi RowshanIn recent years, regarding human resources has been considered as human capital and empowerment and developing them toward achieving human resource productivity. This study aims at an exploratory study of aspects of human resource productivity from employee's attitude o MoreIn recent years, regarding human resources has been considered as human capital and empowerment and developing them toward achieving human resource productivity. This study aims at an exploratory study of aspects of human resource productivity from employee's attitude of Mashhad municipal. Thereby using qualitative method and content analysis approach with 20 persons of scientific and administrative experts from Mashhad municipal organization, deep interviews was conformed. The results of semi-structured interviews was classified in seven themes namely organizational indifference, human resource development, human resource empowerment, problems of structure and job, managerial remissness, organizational health and Islamic context that each item comprising other related concepts. In fact, the findings are providing a ground for developing this field in organizational studies from employee's point of view and increasing human resource productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Pathology of Historical Texture of Tabriz (Analytical Example: Sahib al-Amr Historical Collection)
Samaneh MahdiNejhad Shahriyar ShaghagiStudies related to the field of pathology of historical tissues are one of the important stages of planning in the direction of urban improvement and renovation; Because the adaptation of these old spaces to the needs of today's life is obvious. In order to carry out a MoreStudies related to the field of pathology of historical tissues are one of the important stages of planning in the direction of urban improvement and renovation; Because the adaptation of these old spaces to the needs of today's life is obvious. In order to carry out a measured and appropriate intervention in the historical context, first of all, the damages caused to the historical context should be identified in different dimensions, and after the identification of the damages, the correct solution of the intervention in the historical context should be chosen and action should be taken to realize the research vision. current study; It is with a practical purpose and in a descriptive-analytical method, which, while introducing the necessary dimensions to be investigated in order to identify the damages to the historical context, identifies the damages and after evaluating these damages to the historical context, the owner is in charge of providing a rating. The classification of the damages in the studied dimensions is done in order to provide a ranking of the damages inflicted on the historical complex of Sahib al-Amr, paving the way for the revival of this historical complex and the basis for the study and design of the researchers in this field in order to restore the original identity of this field and return to a desirable life. to the vital arteries of the historical fabric of Tabriz in order to protect the rich cultural and historical identity of our country. In order to analyze the data, the categorization method was used, and according to the results, the damage to this historical complex includes the visual dimension, the organization of urban spaces and the network of historical, physical, socio-economic, functional and traffic routes, tissue morphology and environmental dimension. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Explaining the urban model of the historical context of Shiraz in order to investigate the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context
peyman bahramifar vahid ghobadian Mahnaz mahmoodi zarandiFrom the general opinions about the patterns of urban design expressed by many theorists, the evolutionary process of the concept of urban objects can be formulated in the form of 3 patterns according to different styles of urban design: 1. Aesthetic/decorative style 2. MoreFrom the general opinions about the patterns of urban design expressed by many theorists, the evolutionary process of the concept of urban objects can be formulated in the form of 3 patterns according to different styles of urban design: 1. Aesthetic/decorative style 2. Functional/software. Model-oriented 3. Sensory/contextual model. The most important feature of "cosmetic/decorative urban body" is to understand the urban body as a two-dimensional view of the wall, and basically two-dimensional walls that rarely communicate with the surrounding spatial structure and are like a thin and luxurious dress that covers the city. It has been said that the walls in question decorate the city, cover its ugliness and in a way give beauty and art to the city. But on the other hand, the most important feature of the functional/program-oriented urban body model is to stay away from it. The concept of a two-dimensional wall is presented in the form of a three-dimensional spatial structure, and the understanding of the urban environment is usually defined as a three-dimensional object under the title of "spatial model" and finally theoretical foundations. The "perceptual/contextual urban body" can be found in postmodern theories, phenomenological studies, and environmental perception studies, which practically created a new type of aesthetics that can be called "perceptual or phenomenological aesthetics". In this body model, it is viewed not only from the eyes of the head, which is mentioned in the aesthetic/decorative and functional/program oriented urban body model, but also from the eyes of the mind and the eyes of the heart.The form obtained from the combination of the three views mentioned. In this research, the classification of urban patterns in the architecture of historical bodies in the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context was discussed. Discussion Also, in this research, urban styles in the construction of buildings in historical context were divided into three categories of styles, based on the research of this practice, it can be said that in terms of theoretical foundations and based on the stated theories, three conceptual models of the urban body based on " decorative wall model", "space model" and "space model". There is also a fundamental difference between these three modelsIn Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations in the form of codified and organized laws, and all these organizations are subject to the laws. The Athens Charter states that these laws and regulations are international and do not pay attention to the local aspect; although the implementation of these laws in Iranian organizations has created a structural order in the construction of intermediate buildings; But it has been used for a long time without updating and paying attention to the canvas. Construction patterns in historical contexts are subject to many disagreements among theorists.in the following the advantages and disadvantages and opinions of other theorists have been discussed in connection with each of the implemented models and examples. It is hoped that by examining this issue, we will be able to find a specific framework for the construction of new buildings in historical contexts in different cities of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Strategies for revitalizing the historical square of Sahib-al-Amar in Tabriz using the QSPM matrix
Samaneh Mahdinezhad shahryar shaghaghi Seyedeh Roghayeh Rafiei BanialSadeghIntroduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths a MoreIntroduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths and addressing environmental and physical challenges as weaknesses can greatly impact historical districts. The Sahib-al-Amr historical square in Tabriz, Iran, has historical significance but currently lacks its former identity and value. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to develop strategies for the revitalization of this historical square. Because revitalizing this square is crucial for preserving its historical and cultural value. The current physical challenges and visitor experience demand strategic planning and action for its revitalization. Methodology: The study focuses on the Sahib-al-Amr square in Tabriz, Iran, which holds a special place in the city's history. Dating back to the 14th century, the square has witnessed various transformations and architectural marvels, reflecting the influential periods it has experienced. The methodology employed in the research involved using the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) matrix and QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix) to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and to develop practical strategies for revitalization. The research strategy falls within the adaptive range (WO), as determined by the QSPM matrix. Results: The results of the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix reveal the significant impact of existing historical buildings as a strength and visual pollution and lack of security as the most significant weaknesses affecting the historical square. The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix highlights the economic potential of the market as an opportunity, while concerns such as the absence of security due to broken windows and unauthorized encroachments are identified as the most threatening factors. The QSPM matrix found that priority 1 is creating arrangements for tourists in the historical complex, with a score of 7.23. Priority 2 is making rules to preserve historical buildings in the area, with a score of 7.20. Priority 3 is modernizing the use around the square and considering its historical role, with a score of 7.19. Priority 4 is adding nighttime activities, with a score of 7.08. Priority 5 is limiting car traffic in the complex, with a score of 4.49. Conclusion: The study recommends an adaptive strategy within the operational range to enhance the environment by leveraging existing capabilities and opportunities. These strategies aim to maximize the square's potential, enhance its historical significance, and create a vibrant, secure, and engaging environment for locals and visitors alike. Strategies for achieving this include formulating regulations to preserve historical buildings, modernizing the use around the square, creating tourist facilities, adding nighttime activities, and reducing car traffic within the historical complex. These strategies not only enhance the city's cultural identity but also contribute to local economy, tourism, and community development. The practical findings and recommendations contribute to the revitalization of similar historical areas and the preservation of the country's rich cultural and historical identity. The proposed measures, such as stakeholder involvement, improved security, pedestrian infrastructure, and traffic management, aim to revitalize and bring prosperity to Tabriz's historical district. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Investigating the Role of Creative Tourism in the Recreation and Development of Tourism in the Historic Neighborhoods of Isfahan City (Case Example: Dardasht-Sarcheshmeh, Toghchi-Shahan, Kongs, Karladan-Kliche Neighborhoods)
Mustafa Hosseini Mohsen Moradian HarandiPaying attention to urban regeneration regarding the old neighborhoods of Isfahan city can bring environmental responsibility and increase the level of identity and belonging among citizens, which in this regard, creative tourism can facilitate its achievement.As the ai MorePaying attention to urban regeneration regarding the old neighborhoods of Isfahan city can bring environmental responsibility and increase the level of identity and belonging among citizens, which in this regard, creative tourism can facilitate its achievement.As the aim of this research, this study seeks to investigate the role of creative tourism in the regeneration and development of tourism in the historical context of Isfahan city. The current research is based on library studies and field investigations in terms of developmental-applicative goal and in terms of descriptive-analytical methodology. To achieve the objectives of the research, indicators in two parts: 1- creative tourism indicators including 5 categories (social capital, quality of life, tourism talent, physical infrastructure and tourism experience) and 2- regeneration indicators in 4 categories (social, economic, cultural and physical) were extracted. In the following, to present the creative tourism development model and its effect on the development process of the city of Isfahan, using the questionnaire tool and with a sample size of 383 people, and using spss software, the work process continued. Creative was analyzed in Geoda software. In the process of urban network analysis, tools (Network Analyst Tools) have been used in the ArcGIS software environment to produce maps. The results showed that the status of 5 indicators of creative tourism at the level of the historic sites of Isfahan city is good, and only in the physical infrastructure sector, there is a lack of feeling, but the situation of the regeneration indicators of the historical sites of Isfahan city is completely inappropriate. Comparing the average state of tourism development Among the different urban localities, the creative also shows that the highest is related to Dardasht and Togchi localities with averages of 16.41 and 15.90, respectively, and the lowest is related to Kangaz and Kardalan localities, respectively, with averages of It was 12/18 and 13/84.Soil erosion is a global problem that threatens water and soil resources and land use change is one of the important factors in soil erosion intensification. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change on soil erosion in Razeychay watershed of Meshginshahr located in Ardabil province. First, Landsat images of the study area in May 1999, and 2019 and were obtained from USGS website. In the image processing stage, atmospheric and radiometric corrections have been conducted, and then the land use maps of the study area has been prepared for study years using support vector machine (SVM) as a supervised classification method. Then, the RUSLE model was used to estimate the amount of erosion in the two time span. SPSS, Excel, Arc GIS 5.4, Archydro and ENVI 5.3 software were used to spatial analysis and data processing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Analyzing the environmental impact of Ardabil municipality's performance in the sustainable development of historical contexts in order to preserve natural ecosystems
Behnam Joudi Marzieh Mogholi Ahmadali KhorrambakhtThe urban historical fabric is part of the history and memory of a city. With the development of cities and the increase of biological-environmental problems in all areas of cities, historical textures and natural ecosystems have faced special environmental problems due MoreThe urban historical fabric is part of the history and memory of a city. With the development of cities and the increase of biological-environmental problems in all areas of cities, historical textures and natural ecosystems have faced special environmental problems due to the weakness in providing urban services. Based on this, the behavior of environmental citizenship as a concept affecting the reduction of environmental problems in historical urban areas has been noticed by planners. The aim of the current research is the effect of the municipality's performance in the sustainable development of historical contexts on environmental citizenship behavior with an emphasis on trust and place-attachment and preservation of the natural ecosystems of Ardabil. The present study is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and questionnaires of municipal performance and environmental citizenship behavior were used to collect information. The statistical population of this research is all the residents of the historical context of Ardabil city, and the required sample size was 383 residents using Cochran's formula and selected by available sampling method. Also, the validity and reliability of the data analysis was done with the method of structural equation modeling in LISREL software. According to the positive coefficients obtained from this model, the T value for research relationships based on the data of this model, which were more than 1.96, have a positive and significant effect on environmental citizenship behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Cultural Re-creation of the Urban Historical Context with an Emphasis on the National and Local Policies of Universities (A Case Study of Tehran Metropolis District 12)
Sadraddin Motavalli Mousa Kamanroudi Seiied Ali Hosseini Sangno Gholamreza Janbaz QobadiIn recent years, the connection between the university and the city has increasingly become a pervasive issue. Among the effective domains of the university is its role in improving the cultural quality of the historical context of cities. For this purpose, in this rese MoreIn recent years, the connection between the university and the city has increasingly become a pervasive issue. Among the effective domains of the university is its role in improving the cultural quality of the historical context of cities. For this purpose, in this research, the role of the university in the cultural re-creation of the historical fabric of the Tehran metropolis has been investigated. The purpose of this research is to identify the performance criteria of universities in the cultural reproduction of the historical context. The research method is applied and descriptive-analytical. The research scope of the historical fabric of Tehran corresponds to the 12th district of Tehran Municipality. The statistical population of the research is specialists and faculty of urban planning, urban planning, and architecture. The sample of the study included 35 people and this number was chosen based on the opinion saturation of the elites. The method of data collection was an observation, semi-structured interview, and questionnaire. The method of data analysis was using the T-Test and structural equation method. The findings showed that universities can play an effective role in cultural regeneration with various examples. In this regard, the coefficient of the path between the performance variable of universities in cultural regeneration is 0.971, which indicates the fact that the mechanisms governing the internal structure of universities in the cultural field can be implemented as manifestations of cultural regeneration in the old context. Also, the structure of the effect of national and local policies on the performance of universities shows that these policies, especially in the national field, with a coefficient of 0.978 have a positive effect on the performance of universities. Therefore, it can be concluded that national policies have influenced the performance of universities and this performance can show its manifestations in cultural regeneration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Assessing the Desirability of the Social Participation Component in Urban Regeneration (A case of historical context of Soro, Bandar Abbas)
Mehdi Jafari Koorosh Afzali Mostafa Zahiri NiaUrban regeneration is a comprehensive and integrated approach, emphasizing the expansion of intergroup relationships through voluntary associations, clubs, unions, and typically local and non-governmental groups. This applied research aims to assess the desirability of MoreUrban regeneration is a comprehensive and integrated approach, emphasizing the expansion of intergroup relationships through voluntary associations, clubs, unions, and typically local and non-governmental groups. This applied research aims to assess the desirability of social participation in the reconstruction of the historical neighborhood of Soro. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical methodology, this study is designed to evaluate the desirability of the social participation component in redeveloping the historical context of Soro from the perspective of local residents. The information was collected through library studies, employing a questionnaire and interviews. The sample size consists of 400 local residents, and for data analysis, SPSS software and the factor analysis method were employed. Through content analysis and a review of various sources and theoretical texts, indicators were extracted and classified into four groups: internal, relatively internal, external, and relatively external indicators. The results revealed that 44% of social indicators are most influenced by internal factors, followed by 28% for cultural indicators, 16% for physical indicators, and 12% for economic indicators, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Analyzing the Main EFL Learners' Writing Problems with Focus on Figurative Language: Metaphor and Metonymy Instruction
Nasrin Jenabagha Shaban Najafi Karim Amir Marzban -
Open Access Article
78 - وضعیت انگیزشی و جهانی فراگیران چند زبانی در مناطق شهری و روستایی در کشور بروندی در قاره افریقا
Elvis Nizigama Ali Mohammad Fazilatfar Ali Akbar Jabbari Mohammad Rezaiمطا لعه حاضر به مقایسه انگیزش دانش اموزان چند مدرسه در دو منطقه شهری و روستایی در کشور بروندی در قاره افریقا در خصوص یادگیری زبان فرانسه بعنوان زبان دوم و زبان انگلیسی بعنوان زبان سوم می پردازد. این مقایسه بر اساس نظریات دورنیه در چهارچوب "نظام خود انگیزی در زبان دوم" L Moreمطا لعه حاضر به مقایسه انگیزش دانش اموزان چند مدرسه در دو منطقه شهری و روستایی در کشور بروندی در قاره افریقا در خصوص یادگیری زبان فرانسه بعنوان زبان دوم و زبان انگلیسی بعنوان زبان سوم می پردازد. این مقایسه بر اساس نظریات دورنیه در چهارچوب "نظام خود انگیزی در زبان دوم" L2 motivational self-system که در نظریات سالهای 2005 و 2009 او مطرح شده است پایه گذاری شده است. در این رابطه از مجموع 348 دانش اموز که در کلاسهای هفتم الی نهم دبیرستان مشغول تحصیل بودند درخواست گردید که به یک پرسشنامه 40 سوالی پاسخ دهند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که عامل فراگیری دانش اموزان دو منطقه در دو زبان فرانسه و انگلیسی از دو منبع متفاوت و مجزای انگیزشی ناشی می شود. به این معنی که در منطقه روستایی زبان فرانسه و در منطقه شهری زبان انگلیسی از استقبال بیشتری در بین داش اموزان برخوردار است. علاوه بر این نتایج تحقیق خاطر نشان می کند که در منطقه روستایی دانش اموزان انگیزه بیشتری برای فراگیری هر دو زبان دارند. اما در دانش اموزان مناطق شهری واقعیت اینگونه نیست. انها به یادگیری زبان انگلیسی تمایل بیشتری دارند. همچنین سوای شهری یا روستایی بودن دانش اموزان مشخص گردید که متغیرهای "تجربه فراگیری" و "خود برتر" باعث انگیزه بیشتری در همه دانش اموزان جهت فراگیری زبانهای خارجی است. شاخص یک زبان و یک منطقه در بین دانش اموزان منطقه شهری حاکی از ان است که وضعیت جهانی زبان انگلیسی عامل انگیزشی برتری در کمک به دانش اموزان شهری به یادگیری زبان انگلیسی تلقی می شود. در پایان با توجه به نتایج تحقیق نویسنده سعی نموده است برداشتهای موثری در خصوص اموزش زبان انگلیسی ارائه نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Interrelationships of Willingness to Speak and Cultural Identity with English L2 Speaking Proficiency
Ghazaleh Azimzadeh Khosravi Ma‘ssoumeh Bemani Naeini -
Open Access Article
80 - Problems Associated with the Use of Communicative Language Teaching in EFL Contexts and Possible Solutions
Mansour Koosha Masoume Yakhabi -
Open Access Article
81 - Language Proficiency and Identity: Developing a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Identity for Iranian EFL Learners
Amir Mirahmadi Kia Seyyed Ayatollah Razmjoo Shahram Afraz -
Open Access Article
82 - Effect of Storytelling Instruction on Developing Iranian EFL Learners’ Oral Proficiency within ZPD-activated Proximal Context
Maryam Mardani -
Open Access Article
83 - Task-Based Language Teaching Vs. Conventional Language Teaching: The Case of News Story Writing in EFL Context
Negar Nowroozzadeh Abbas Bayat Abbas Mehrpooya -
Open Access Article
84 - Analyzing Iranian EFL Teachers’ Barriers for Professional Development
Fateme Jamalizade Neda Fatehi Rad -
Open Access Article
85 - Investigating the development of tourism in recreation the basic culture (Case study: Historical context of Minodari city)
Amir Alimohamadi hassan sattarisarebangholi Mahsa Faramarzi asl Mohammad reza Mohammad reza pakdelfardOne of the best ways to save cities from social and economic problems is to develop urban tourism in historical contexts with the approach of recreating the culture. In the reconstruction of the base culture, the culture factor is presented as a very important developme MoreOne of the best ways to save cities from social and economic problems is to develop urban tourism in historical contexts with the approach of recreating the culture. In the reconstruction of the base culture, the culture factor is presented as a very important development strategy on a local and global scale.There is a great connection between culture and the development of urban tourism. The development of tourism as a cultural phenomenon expands the opportunities for cultural exchange between the tourist and the host community.The city of Minodar is one of the cities that is considered in terms of valuable historical monuments in its ancient context, with rich architecture and unique features in the country and the world. In this research, with a survey approach to urban tourism development planning with emphasis on recreating the basic culture. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and relies on reviewing the research background on the one hand, examining documents related to historical context and field studies on the other hand, analyzes the problem.Findings show that the way out of the problems and revitalization of valuable historical contexts depends on the implementation of programs based on strategies and interactive policies between physical regeneration and urban cultural tourism and ensure a direct relationship between real and urban urban life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Isfahan Urban Tourism Development Planning with Emphasis on Recreation Based Culture: A Case Study of District 3 of Isfahan City
arsalan maleki Amir Hossein Shabani ShahrezaIn the base culture Regeneration, culture factor is considered to be very important development strategy in local and global scale. Many experts acknowledge urban authorities should emphasis on the role of culture as a stimulant and policy intervention on urban regenera MoreIn the base culture Regeneration, culture factor is considered to be very important development strategy in local and global scale. Many experts acknowledge urban authorities should emphasis on the role of culture as a stimulant and policy intervention on urban regeneration and extension of urban tourism development, owning to a great connection between culture and development of urban tourism. Since the city of Isfahan has a historical context and valuable cultural elements; this survey with research approach has considered the development of Urban Tourism Region 3 in Isfahan, with emphasis on recreating the culture-based studies. The tool of information gathering is questionnaire and sample data were 384 people. The results show that historical elements of Region 3 of Isfahan in terms of body, function and architecture value play a major role in the development of urban tourism. The results also demonstrate programs and activities such as organizing, restoration and preservation of historical elements including historic baths, old mosques and schools, historical and valuable textures should be noticed in the region 3 of Isfahan by officials and city managers. In the meantime, it should be considered to restore cultural identity and to create a sense of place belonging in the historical context of the region. study the average of influential components on the development of the urban tourism in region 3 of Isfahan Naghsh Jahan set with surroundings and the historical available elements in Region 3 of Isfahan have greatest impact on Urban Tourism Development in Region 3 city of Isfahan Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Strategic plannnig of tourism development in historical contexts (Case study: central fabrics of Urmia city)
Rasool Ataee mirsaeid moosavi MirJavad SharifnejadUrban tourism, accompanied by the future urban population growth, is a huge capacity to improve quality of life and simultaneously a serious challenge with regard to threats such as natural disasters. In recent decades, approaches to dealing with natural disasters to en MoreUrban tourism, accompanied by the future urban population growth, is a huge capacity to improve quality of life and simultaneously a serious challenge with regard to threats such as natural disasters. In recent decades, approaches to dealing with natural disasters to enhance the capacity of society have given rise to a new concept called urban resilience for better preparedness. To assess the resilience of Urmia's central fabrics against natural hazards, this study sought to provide a reliable conceptual framework for analyzing and assessing it in four social, economic, institutional and physical dimensions. The required data were collected using the fieldwork, desk-based research method and questionnaire, interview and observation tools. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively using SPSS, ARCGIS, VIKOR model, and descriptive and inferential statistics. The statistical community of research consisted of the citizens of the central part of Urmia. The sample size was determined 380 using the Cochran formula and was systematically distributed. Findings showed that the highest and lowest averages were relating to the economic) 3.3(and institutional (2.64) dimensions. As the average value of all dimensions was below the theoretical average (4), we can say that the historical fabrics of Urmia is not in a good status in terms of resilience indicators. The results of the VIKOR model revealed that neighborhood 7 was the most resilient to natural hazards. Moreover, in terms of physical resilience (AHP), more than 80% of the central texture's area had a low level of resilience and was vulnerable to probable natural hazards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Management of Tourist Attractions in Historical Contexts Based on the Physical Aspects of the Urban Environment (A Case of the Distance between Imamzadeh Hassan and Shah Abbasi Caravanserai, Karaj)
Hosna VarmaghaniThe historical context of cities has a diverse set of tourism capabilities that, if properly addressed and guided, can promote tourism and thus lead to urban development.In the present article, using a descriptive-analytical method focusing on the tourism sidewalk conce MoreThe historical context of cities has a diverse set of tourism capabilities that, if properly addressed and guided, can promote tourism and thus lead to urban development.In the present article, using a descriptive-analytical method focusing on the tourism sidewalk concept and defining the components affecting it, a theoretical model of research has been developed, and then its application in the historical context of the study has been experimentally tested.The purpose of the study is to examine and find an effective strategy for managing tourist attractions and promoting social interactions among citizens in the historical context and to generalize the results to the proposals of sustainable human management in the historical context of cities.The findings include the development of a strategic plan and design considerations on a detailed city plan map. It was shown that the factors of vitality and attractiveness of the environment have a greater potential to attract tourists due to the physical, environmental and natural opportunities within the study domain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Pathology of the Performance of Regeneration Offices in Tourist Spaces A Case of Facilitation Offices in the Vicinity of the Holy Shrine in Mashhad
amin faal jalali Arezoo faaljalali Zynab Abaslatian NainiHistorical contexts serve as significant carriers of ancient heritage, conveying cultural and civilizational messages across generations. The surroundings of the holy shrine in Mashhad boast valuable historical and religious landmarks such as historic houses, mosques, g MoreHistorical contexts serve as significant carriers of ancient heritage, conveying cultural and civilizational messages across generations. The surroundings of the holy shrine in Mashhad boast valuable historical and religious landmarks such as historic houses, mosques, gardens, and caravanserais. However, due to their integration within aging urban fabric, these sites face challenges including visual degradation, structural integrity issues, accessibility constraints, and deficiencies in urban infrastructure. Despite the establishment of regeneration offices, efforts to preserve and maintain these sites have not been entirely successful. This research aims to assess the operational pathology of facilitation offices, particularly focusing on tourism, within the central fabric surrounding the holy shrine. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative interviews conducted between 1401-1402 with 28 managers of facilitation offices. Findings highlight critical factors contributing to operational pathology, including the knowledge of urban regeneration experts and related entities (coefficient of importance = 0.184), urban management's perspective on tourism (coefficient = 0.110), financial resource inadequacies within regeneration organizations (coefficient = 0.099), expertise deficiencies among regeneration experts (coefficient = 0.095), reluctance to collaborate with other entities (coefficient = 0.086), and weaknesses in the evaluation system of regeneration organizations. These results prioritize key areas requiring intervention for enhancing the performance of neighborhood development offices in the vicinity of the holy shrine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Reviving the Historical Context of Contemporary Cities Using an Urban Tourism Approach (A Case Study of Tabriz)
ghj mv fjh jytThe old context of many cities often includes monuments and historical sites. Today, successful managers are trying to revive historical regions through applying native urbanism, using mixed applications, prioritizing public transportation and pedestrian traffic, provid MoreThe old context of many cities often includes monuments and historical sites. Today, successful managers are trying to revive historical regions through applying native urbanism, using mixed applications, prioritizing public transportation and pedestrian traffic, providing healthy environmental conditions, creating a sustainable economic prosperity, native employment, attracting local participation and paying attention to cultural heritage and tourism. The historic context of old cities has high potential due to geographical location, ease of access, the center of economic gravity and historical-cultural features. Despite the positive features of the central part of the city, its contexts are suffering from physical problems (burnout), environmental degradation, and structural weaknesses. The main objective and the basic strategy of interventions for the reconstruction and modernization of the historical context and their design are to revive this collection. The survival of the context depends on its activity and participation in the current life of the city, and thus it is possible to carry out the tasks of renovating and restoring the historical constructions of the city and designing the historical axes and guaranteeing the success of it which can be very effective in attracting and activating the tourism of a historical city like Tabriz. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - How to find Criteria for Dating Surahs In the Chronological Interpretation of the Qur'an
رضوانه دستجانی فراهانی abbas ashrafi ahmad akoochekianThe historiography of the Qur'an is considered a suitable criterion and tool for correcting or confirming many narrations, the causes of revelation, the order of revelation, determine the place of revelation in Mecca or Medina, and the Prophet’s biography. The fol MoreThe historiography of the Qur'an is considered a suitable criterion and tool for correcting or confirming many narrations, the causes of revelation, the order of revelation, determine the place of revelation in Mecca or Medina, and the Prophet’s biography. The following article, with an analytical and descriptive method and with the aim of getting acquainted with the correct and effective principles and criteria of the history of the Holy Quran, examines the dating methods of the commentators so that the solutions and possibility of writing new interpretations can be examined based on the order of revelation. The result of this research is that these theories alone cannot offer a comprehensive method for dating the Holy Quran. The preferred view focuses on this combined ijtihad process, which can pave the way for the dating of Sur by completing Rijālī, rational, historical studies in terms of statistical and mathematical probabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - A Study of Fatemah Mernisi's Historical Approach to the Holy Qur'an; Case study of 34:4
mohammad sadegh hedayatzadeh Soheila PirouzfarIn recent centuries, with the increase in social presence and level of literacy of women in society, many conversations, challenges and even conflicts about women and their place in Islam and Islamic jurisprudence have been emerged. Believing in the misunderstanding of MoreIn recent centuries, with the increase in social presence and level of literacy of women in society, many conversations, challenges and even conflicts about women and their place in Islam and Islamic jurisprudence have been emerged. Believing in the misunderstanding of interpreters on verses related to women, some new thinker Muslims known as Islamic feminism, have emphasized the need to reconsider these verses and offer different readings through various approaches, including historical analysis. Among these, verse 34 of Surah al-Nisá is the most challenging verse in which issues such as supervision of men over family (Qawāmūn), the superiority of men, the obedience of women to their husbands, and the permission of women to be beaten by men have been raised in its understanding. This article presents and analyzes the historical attitude of Fatemah Mernissi as one of the prominent figures of Islamic feminism through a descriptive-analytical method. After explaining the two different approaches of Mernissi to Islam and Mernissi's specific attitude towards the Qur'an in the later period, his views on verse 34 of Surah al-Nisá and the character of Sakina bint al-Hussein (as) have been expressed and analyzed. One-sided analysis and not referring to valid documents are among the most important drawbacks of Mernissi's historical attitude. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The Role of Kinship in Providing Security from the Viewpoint of Holy Quran Based upon Historical Anthropology
Mahmoud Karimi Mohammad Hossein Shirzad Mohammad Hassan Shirzad"Security" is one of the most basic needs of human beings around the world. That's why the methods for providing security have received widespread attention from the Holy Qur'an. However, due to the long distance from the time of revelation of the Holy Qur'an, security More"Security" is one of the most basic needs of human beings around the world. That's why the methods for providing security have received widespread attention from the Holy Qur'an. However, due to the long distance from the time of revelation of the Holy Qur'an, security is often confined to concepts such as fighting or verses such as Anfal/60, and other important aspects of this issue has been far from the view of Islamic scholars. Therefore, the present research is an attempt to (A) study one of the main, neglected sources of security in the context of revelation, namely kinship, based upon anthropological approach, and (B) review the most important parts of Qur'anic teachings in this respect. This study shows that the Holy Qur'an uses the capacity of social institutions including kinship to promote security. Moreover, The Holy Qur'an seizes opportunities in consanguinity, affinity and fiction kinship to establish peace and security in societies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Analysis the Reflection of Background Conditions in Compiling Shia Narrative Interpretations; A Case Study of Friday Prayer Problem
mahdi pichan NOSRAT Nilsaz forugh parsaIn a superficial view, it seems that the commentators in the narrative interpretations, without any struggling effort, have only collected narrations related to the words and expressions of the verses. Contrary to this idea, the evidence shows that the authors of narrat MoreIn a superficial view, it seems that the commentators in the narrative interpretations, without any struggling effort, have only collected narrations related to the words and expressions of the verses. Contrary to this idea, the evidence shows that the authors of narrative interpretations, like other commentators, have been influenced by the background conditions in order to discover the meaning of the verses and have started to select and arrange the narrations. What specifically distinguishes these interpretations in the issue of Friday prayer is the consideration of the conditions for the obligation of Friday prayer in the later interpretations of Ṣāfi and Nūr al-Thaqlain; this is not seen in the previous interpretations of critical argument. The reason for this difference in approach can be evaluated considering the simultaneity of the writing of later narrative commentaries with the emergence of the Safavid Shiite government. Belonging to Bahrani's interest in expressing the esoteric and ta’wīl aspects of the verses and Huwyzi's greater interest than Bahrāni and Fayz in planning jurisprudential debates in accordance with the verses are other factors influencing this distinction. Also, Sufi characteristics of Fayz's personality has caused him to not look at this issue solely from the point of view of a jurisprudential issue, which his statements in Zād al-Sālik's treatise and Olfat-Nāmeh are proof of this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - پژوهش کیفی تکنیک های روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل بر دیدگاه زبان آموزان ایرانی از طریق سیستم مدیریت زبان اِل اِم اِس
مرضیه سبزواری ندا فاتحی راد مسعود تاج الدینیاین پژوهش کیفی با هدف بررسی تأثیر تکنیکهای روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل در کلاسهای زبان انگلیسی بر دیدگاه زبانآموزان ایرانی در محیط سیستم مدیریت زبان اِل اِم اِس انجام شد. بدین منظور، 32 زبان آموز سطح متوسطه یکی از مؤسسات زبان کرمان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده Moreاین پژوهش کیفی با هدف بررسی تأثیر تکنیکهای روش حمایتی (داربستی) متقابل در کلاسهای زبان انگلیسی بر دیدگاه زبانآموزان ایرانی در محیط سیستم مدیریت زبان اِل اِم اِس انجام شد. بدین منظور، 32 زبان آموز سطح متوسطه یکی از مؤسسات زبان کرمان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها شامل آزمون همگن و مصاحبه های مرتبط بود. شرکت کنندگان، آموزش تکنیک های داربستی متقابل را در کلاس آنلاین خود از طریق اِل اِم اِس دریافت کردند. آنها راهبردهای آموزشی را که استقلال فراگیران را در محیط اِل اِم اِس تشویق می کرد، تمرین کردند. در پایان دوره با شرکت کنندگان بر اساس تکنیک اشباع داده ها مصاحبه شد. نتایج مصاحبه دیدگاه مثبت و منفی زبان آموزان را نسبت به استفاده از این استراتژی ها در محیط اِل اِم اِس بررسی کرد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از آموزش متقابل و داربستی و ادغام آنها فرصت های یادگیری بیشتری را در خصوص منابع یادگیری اضافی در چارچوب اِل اِم اِس ارائه می دهد. مراحل پایانی روش داربستی متقابل مربوط به استقلال و خودمختاری زبان آموزان بود، بنابراین آنها می توانستند منابع اضافی را بدون کمک گرفتن از معلم مطالعه کنند. در مجموع، همه عوامل منجر به رضایت بالای فراگیران از تکنیک ها شد. این پژوهش برخی مفاهیم آموزشی را برای معلمان و زبان آموزان در استفاده از تکنیک های داربستی متقابل در محیط یادگیری زبان خارجه پیشنهاد کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - شکل گیری هویت و یادگیری الکترونیک: نقش آموزش مجازی بر هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی
آذر باقری مسعودزاده ندا فاتحی رادپژوهش حاضر نقش یادگیری الکترونیک در ساخت هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی را در نظر گرفته است. این تحقیق به طور خاص سعی کرده است تا مقدار جنبه های متفاوت هویت ساخته شده زبان آموزان را درمحیط آموزش مجازی مشخص کند. همچنین برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در زمینه آموزش الکترونیک را ش Moreپژوهش حاضر نقش یادگیری الکترونیک در ساخت هویت زبان آموزان ایرانی را در نظر گرفته است. این تحقیق به طور خاص سعی کرده است تا مقدار جنبه های متفاوت هویت ساخته شده زبان آموزان را درمحیط آموزش مجازی مشخص کند. همچنین برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در زمینه آموزش الکترونیک را شناسایی کرده و تفاوت احتمالی بین زبان آموزان زن و مرد را از نظر هویت یادگیری الکترونیک بررسی کرده است. برای دستیابی به این اهداف ، محققین تحقیق پیمایشی را به عنوان یک روش کمی با نمونه ای از 80 دانشجوی تازه وارد از هر دو جنس، در نظر گرفت. این مطالعه با محوریت اینترنت از طریق برنامه ادوبی کانکت برای کلاسهای مجازی انجام شد. شایان ذکر است که شرکت کنندگان در این تحقیق در دوره آموزش مجازی که توسط کوید-19 تحمیل شده است، آموزش الکترونیک را تجربه کرده اند. داده ها از طریق پرسشنامه هویت، جمع آوری و برای تجزیه و تحلیل به نرم افزار اس پی اس اس منتقل شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقدار هویت بالایی از یادگیری زبان در بین شرکت کنندگان حاصل شده است. همچنین هویت رابطه ای و هویت جمعی به ترتیب بعنوان برجسته ترین و کمترین نوع هویت در آنها شناخته شده است. علاوه بر این ، یافته های هویت کلی یادگیری زبان هیچ تفاوتی در زبان آموزان پسر و دختر نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - بررسی میزان رضایت زبان آموزان از کلاسهای برخط در مقایسه با حضوری: چالشها و موانع
مهدی رستمی راوری ندا فاتحی راد پژوهش حاضر رضایت زبان آموزان را نسبت به یادگیری آنلاین بررسی کرده است. علاوه بر این، سعی شده که نگرش شرکت کنندگان در مورد چالش ها و موانع یادگیری آنلاین بررسی شود. همچنین، تفاوت احتمالی در نگرش زبان آموزان دختر و پسر نسبت به یادگیری آنلاین مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر More پژوهش حاضر رضایت زبان آموزان را نسبت به یادگیری آنلاین بررسی کرده است. علاوه بر این، سعی شده که نگرش شرکت کنندگان در مورد چالش ها و موانع یادگیری آنلاین بررسی شود. همچنین، تفاوت احتمالی در نگرش زبان آموزان دختر و پسر نسبت به یادگیری آنلاین مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای دستیابی به این اهداف ، محقق تحقیق پیمایشی را به عنوان روشی کمی با نمونه ای از 75 دانش آموز سطح متوسط از هر دو جنس، اتخاذ کرد. شایان ذکر است که شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش یادگیری آنلاین را از طریق نرم افزار Google Meet در طول یک ترم تجربه کردند. در پایان دوره، به زبان آموزان دو پرسشنامه مرتبط ارائه شد و از آنها خواسته شد تا به موارد با دقت پاسخ دهند. پرسشنامه اول رضایت فراگیران از یادگیری آنلاین را بررسی کرد و دومی دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان در مورد چالش ها و موانع این یادگیری را مورد بررسی قرار داد. داده ها جمع آوری و به نرم افزار اس پی اس اس منتقل شدند و خروجی مورد بحث و بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس یافته ها ، نگرش کلی مثبت زبان آموزان به کلاسهای آنلاین نسبت به کلاسهای حضوری حاصل شد. به این معنا که آنها میزان بالایی از رضایت یادگیری آنلاین را نشان دادند. علاوه بر این ، نگرش منفی دانش آموزان نسبت به چالش ها و موانع یادگیری آنلاین مشاهده شد. به عبارت دیگر نتایج، عدم موافقت دانش آموزان با چالش ها و موانع یادگیری آنلاین را نشان داد. همچنین، هیچ تفاوتی در نگرش شرکت کنندگان پسر و دختر نسبت به یادگیری آنلاین مشاهده نشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - ارزیابی کیفیت زبان انگلیسی زبان آموزان ایرانی : مرتبط به نظریه پایه
فاطمه گرجی شهرام افراز فضل الله صمیمیاین پژوهش کیفی تلاشی برای ارزیابی کیفیت زبان انگلیسی دانش اموزان ایرانی از طریق نظریه پایه بود. بدین منظور، ابتدا 20 معلم در یک موسسه زبان انگلیسی بر اساس نمونهگیری زنجیرهای یا نمونهگیری گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. نمونه گیری تا اشباع نظری ادامه یافت و با آنها مصاحبه شد. Moreاین پژوهش کیفی تلاشی برای ارزیابی کیفیت زبان انگلیسی دانش اموزان ایرانی از طریق نظریه پایه بود. بدین منظور، ابتدا 20 معلم در یک موسسه زبان انگلیسی بر اساس نمونهگیری زنجیرهای یا نمونهگیری گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. نمونه گیری تا اشباع نظری ادامه یافت و با آنها مصاحبه شد. پس از استخراج مولفه ها و شاخص های به دست آمده از تحلیل مصاحبه ها، پرسشنامه ای برای جمع آوری اطلاعات و داده های لازم برای سنجش کیفیت دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی ایجاد شد. سپس تعداد 100 نفر از معلمان زبان انگلیسی که در سطوح مختلف تدریس می کردند در این نظرسنجی شرکت کردند. بر اساس تجزیه و تحلیل دقیق، یافته ها معیارهای اصلی ارزیابی کیفیت زبان انگلیسی زبان آموزان ایرانی را شامل ویژگی های فردی، استراتژی یادگیری، ویژگی های فردی، پویایی یادگیری، فناوری آموزشی، تنظیم محتوا، اضطراب، ضعف در یادگیری، ارزیابی دانش/مهارت ها، ارزیابی مثبت و همچنین پیامدهای فردی و اجتماعی نشان داد. همچنین مهمترین مواردی که دارای بیشترین توزیع مفاهیم دستهبندی در بین زبانآموزان زبان انگلیسی بودند مشخص شند که شامل استراتژی یادگیری (مانند کسب مهارتهای زبانی، روحیه رقابتپذیری، روحیه همکاری، برنامهریزی، رشد شناختی، به کارگیری یادگیری گروهی)، ویژگیهای فردی (استفاده از تجربیات همسالان، استفاده از تجربیات دیگران، ارزیابی مناسب، دادن تکالیف مطلوب، اشتیاق برای حضور در کلاس) و پویایی یادگیری (مدیریت نوآورانه، یادگیری خود محور، داشتن یادگیری آنلاین، محیط مثبت یادگیری، دسترسی به منابع جدید) بودند. نتایج می تواند بینش مفیدی را در مورد توسعه و بهبود برنامه درسی برای جستجوی اثربخشی آموزشی در محیط زبان انگلیسی ارائه دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - ارزیابی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی پیرامون اجرای عادلانه کلاس درس توسط معلمان: تمرکز بر مشکلات اصلی
مقداد صادقی واله جلالی ندا فاتحی رادپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی از عدالت کلاسی معلمان و همچنین مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمان داشت. برای انجام این کار، پژوهش حاضر از روش کیفی استفاده کرد و 30 زبانآموز ایرانی سطح متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان خصوصی در آن شرکت کردند. زبان آموزان Moreپژوهش حاضر سعی در بررسی درک زبان آموزان ایرانی از عدالت کلاسی معلمان و همچنین مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمان داشت. برای انجام این کار، پژوهش حاضر از روش کیفی استفاده کرد و 30 زبانآموز ایرانی سطح متوسطه از موسسات مختلف زبان خصوصی در آن شرکت کردند. زبان آموزان از طریق نمونه گیری در دسترس از گروه های مجازی مختلف در واتسپ یا تلگرام انتخاب شدند. این پژوهش از دو مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته شامل پنج سوال باز طراحی شده توسط محققین بهره برده است. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار MAXQDA جمع آوری و مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که درک زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی از عدالت کلاسی معلم شامل استفاده از تکنیک های یکسان و فعالیت های آموزشی اضافی برای همه دانش آموزان، احترام یکسان به همه دانش آموزان، عینیت معلم در نمره گذاری، تعامل معلم با همه دانش آموزان، الزام همه دانش آموزان به رعایت قوانین کلاس درس و غیره بود. علاوه بر این، ادراک زبان آموزان از مشکلات اصلی اجرای عدالت کلاسی توسط معلمانشان به عنوان محدودیت زمانی، تنوع نیازهای دانش آموزان، تفاوت در سطح اجتماعی-اقتصادی دانش آموزان و عملکرد، عدم تطابق بین معلمان و دانش آموزان، بی ادبی و بی توجهی دانش آموزان به اخلاق شناسایی شد. یافتهها میتوانند نگرشها و فعالیتهای گروههای مختلف در حوزه آموزش زبان از جمله سیاستگذاران، مربیان معلم، مدیران آموزش معلمان و توسعهدهندگان برنامه درسی را غنیتر کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی: بررسی نگرش مدرسین و زبان آموزان ایرانی در محیط آکادمیک
آذر باقری مسعودزاده اکرم شکریان بهزادیپژوهش حاضر تمرکز بر ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی در محیط آکادمیک دارد. به طور خاص، دیدگاه دانشجویان و اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه در مورد تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. بعلاوه، تفاوت احتمالی بین دیدگاه شرکت کنن Moreپژوهش حاضر تمرکز بر ادغام فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش زبان انگلیسی در محیط آکادمیک دارد. به طور خاص، دیدگاه دانشجویان و اساتید ایرانی زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه در مورد تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی را مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. بعلاوه، تفاوت احتمالی بین دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، 30 استاد زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه و 40 دانشجوی کارشناسی از چهار دانشگاه کرمان (باهنر، آزاد، پیام نور و موسسه آموزش عالی) انتخاب شدند. به منظور جمع آوری داده ها، از پرسشنامه مرتبط هان (2010) برای بررسی دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان استفاده شد. سپس داده ها با استفاده از آمار توصیفی و آزمون t دو گروه مستقل مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها نشان داد که درصد زیادی از دانشجویان معتقدند که یادگیری فرهنگهای خارجی برای آنها معنادار است. از دیدگاه آنها لازم است که اطلاعاتی در مورد فرهنگ زبان هدف به دست آورند و زمان بیشتری را صرف آن کنند. اساتید دانشگاه نیز به همان دیدگاهها اشاره کردند که یادگیری فرهنگهای خارجی از آنها مهم بود. همچنین ارائه اطلاعات و صرف زمان بیشتر برای آموزش فرهنگ خارجی برای آنها ضروری بود. نتایج پژوهش تفاوت معنی داری را بین دیدگاه شرکت کنندگان نسبت به تلفیق فرهنگ خارجی در آموزش انگلیسی نشان نداد. یافتهها به شکاف پژوهشی نظری در زمینه فرهنگ و آموزش زبانهای خارجی کمک میکند و میتواند به عنوان راهنمایی برای هدایت معلمان و فراگیران به اهداف فرهنگی مطلوب یک دوره زبان خاص باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - عدم توفیق در برقراری ارتباط، تهدیدی برای هویت شخصی
مهرداد عرفانیان جلیلی غلامرضا زارعیاین مقاله بر آن است که تاثیر شکست در برقراری ارتباط کلامی را بر روی هویت یک فرد مورد بررسی قرار دهد. از آنجا که هویت، دارای ماهیتی اجتماعی است و در نتیجه ی ایجاد ارتباط و عضویت گروهی شکل می گیرد، به این پرسش پرداختیم که چگونه شکست در به کار گیری زبان به عنوان بخشی از فر Moreاین مقاله بر آن است که تاثیر شکست در برقراری ارتباط کلامی را بر روی هویت یک فرد مورد بررسی قرار دهد. از آنجا که هویت، دارای ماهیتی اجتماعی است و در نتیجه ی ایجاد ارتباط و عضویت گروهی شکل می گیرد، به این پرسش پرداختیم که چگونه شکست در به کار گیری زبان به عنوان بخشی از فرایند جامعه پذیری می تواند هویت فرد را تحت تاثیر قرار دهد. برای مطالعه ی تاثیر شکست در برقراری ارتباط کلامی بر روی ذهنیت افراد، تعداد 25 نفر مشتمل بر هر دو جنسیت (13 آقا و 12 خانم) که در محیط زبان دوم دارای تجربه ی ناموفق ارتباط کلامی بوده اند را به صورت تصادفی انتخاب کردیم. مصاحبه ای مفصل شامل انعکاس شرایط احساسی افرادِ مورد مطالعه در زمان شکست در برقراری ارتباط کلامی، اطلاعات فراوانی در خصوص آثار اجتماعی چنین ناکامی در اختیارمان قرار داد. تحلیل کمی اطلاعات بدست آمده از مصاحبه نشان داد که ناکامی در برقراری ارتباط که از پایین بودن سطح دانش و توانایی زبانی ناشی شود، می تواند هویت فرد را نه تنها در زبان دوم، بلکه تا اندازه ای در زبان اول مورد تهدید قرار دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Strategic Assessment and Evaluation of the Quality of Historical Textures with Emphasis on the Urban Regeneration Approach (Case Study: Kerman Bazaar)
Mostafa Movahedinia moslem ghasemiOne of the recent approaches in the field of restoration of historical textures is the approach of sustainable urban regeneration, which has a more comprehensive view of the historical context and its protection than the previous approaches. In this approach, in order t MoreOne of the recent approaches in the field of restoration of historical textures is the approach of sustainable urban regeneration, which has a more comprehensive view of the historical context and its protection than the previous approaches. In this approach, in order to restore the historical context, all dimensions of sustainable development, including economic, social, cultural, managerial and environmental dimensions have been used. However, this study aims to measure and strategically evaluate the quality of the texture of the Kerman market area with a regeneration approach. With this approach, have a comprehensive view of its dimensions and criteria. Therefore, the present research method is applied in terms of purpose and has a survey nature, and data collection has been done through documentary and library review, questionnaire (from the perspective of 50 officials and residents of the area). The data were then entered and analyzed in excel software and then analyzed using the qspm strategic model. The obtained information was analyzed using GIS software in the form of effective regeneration indicators and the strategy and effective strategies for area regeneration were extracted using the qspm strategic technique. The results show that the historical texture does not have the necessary quality to recreate and requires various measures to revive the texture, such as revitalization and restoration of historic buildings within the historical texture, so that the results of the Swot technique also show this. Its strategy is of WO type and has the ability to protect and change if strengths are used to eliminate weaknesses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Evaluating the Effective Components on the Promotion of Competent Governance in Urban Areas with Cultural-Historical Context (Case Study: District 8 of Tabriz Municipality)
adel pourghorban zainab karkehabady abass arghanThe appropriate urban governance approach is one of the newest and at the same time most reliable approaches to urban management. This new approach in urban historical contexts has a multidimensional function in terms of improving the conditions of historical contexts b MoreThe appropriate urban governance approach is one of the newest and at the same time most reliable approaches to urban management. This new approach in urban historical contexts has a multidimensional function in terms of improving the conditions of historical contexts because it will lead to the preservation of urban identity, improving the appearance and urban landscape, and ultimately increasing citizen satisfaction. The cultural-historical municipality of Tabriz Region 8 is one of the most historic urban areas among all cities in Iran that has not been studied from the perspective of optimal urban governance. The historical region of Tabriz is 8. The nature of the research is applied research that has been done descriptively-analytically and inferentially. The statistical population of the study consists of residents of District 8 and academic experts. The sample size was 377 people who were selected by simple random sampling. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.901. The research findings were analyzed using Pearson, regression, and ANOVA statistical tests as well as neighborhood prioritization using the Vikor method. Findings showed that the 15 variables were able to explain 89.6% of the variance changes related to optimal urban governance. Also, the results of the ANOVA test show that there is a significant difference between the seven neighborhoods in terms of desirable governance indicators. Finally, the results of the Vikor test showed that Bazaar, Shahnaz, Mansour, Daneshsara, Maghsoudiyeh, Tepli Bagh-Damascus, and Qarabagh-Balahamam neighborhoods are in the first to seventh ranks, respectively. Finally, according to the research findings, practical suggestions were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Evaluating the Effective Components on the Promotion of Competent Governance in Urban Areas with Cultural-Historical Context (Case Study: District 8 of Tabriz Municipality)
Akram alimohammadi Sadroddin motevalli Azita RajabiThe resilient internal transportation system network is a system that is able to absorb the negative effects of turbulences, reorganize them and continue their function. An inaccurate usage of available capacities of civil transportation system, may reduce its` resilien MoreThe resilient internal transportation system network is a system that is able to absorb the negative effects of turbulences, reorganize them and continue their function. An inaccurate usage of available capacities of civil transportation system, may reduce its` resilience and provide environment with irrecoverable harms. The main purpose of this research is to investigate managers` attention to the managerial criterions in the resilience of internal transportation network with the emphasis on accessing sustainable environmental development in Tehran region one. The method of present study is survey descriptive and the sample group were 400 residents in 10 districts of Tehran region one during 2020 that were selected in relative classified method through Cochran formula as the sample group. The data was gathered through validated researcher- made questionnaire. The obtained results of one sample t-test showed that managers` attention to organization capacity improvement, systematic management, risk reduction, infrastructure utilization and information technology usage in not in an optimal level. The results of Friedman ranking test also revealed that from residents` point of view, managers` attention to information technology usage was the most important element in increasing the resilience of internal transportation system. In addition, managers` attention to infrastructure utilization of transportation replacement was the least important managerial criterion of Tehran region one. Hence, it is possible to eliminate existing weaknesses through accurate and efficient planning with the recognition of present condition in region, and managers` extra attention to managerial criterions in internal transportation system resilience enhancement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - smart urban management in recreating historical contexts with the approach of social participation (case study: District 12 of Tehran)
somayyeh ahmadpour Seiied Ali Noori Mohammad reza Farzad behtash alireza estelajiIntroduction: Participation has always been one of the important concerns of urban planners and managers. With the advancement of communication and information technology and the emergence of smart urban management, participation has gained a new meaning and concept.Res MoreIntroduction: Participation has always been one of the important concerns of urban planners and managers. With the advancement of communication and information technology and the emergence of smart urban management, participation has gained a new meaning and concept.Research aim. The purpose of the research is to analyze the role of smart management in promoting the social participation of citizens in order to recreate the historical context in the 12th district of TehranMethodology: This research is of applied type and its method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population were active experts in the field of urban regeneration of the studied area and its subordinate units. The sample volume is determined using the theoretical saturation method. In this method, 31 experts have been selected as the study sample. The sampling method was snowball technique. The method of collecting data and information was in the form of document review, questionnaire, semi-structured interview with some sample people. Data analysis using frequency tables was exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.Studied Areas: The geographical scope of the research was district 12 of Tehran metropolisFinding: Findings: The findings of the research show that smart management with the components of information sharing, providing platforms for participation and cooperation, internal coordination, governance based on information and communication technology and decision-making support strategies can provide urban managers with innovative solutions to promote participation and urban regeneration. to give The coefficients of the five factors, which were more than 0.05, indicate that the structure of smart governance has led to the modeling of the urban governance policy for the purpose of urban regeneration and facilitates organizational processes and relations between citizens and urban managers. More than 85% of the studied people agree with the desired structureConclusion: The results indicate that smart governance has caused the modeling of the urban governance policy and thus helps the cooperation and participation of the members of the groups involved in urban regeneration and as a result the interaction between the urban management and the people online increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Configuration analysis of the yard of residential plan types in historical context of Sharbafan neighborhood in Lahijan City
maryam molaei Hossein Safari farzaneh asadi malekjahanArchitectural and urban features of the past explain the identity of cities. The study of the historical contexts of cities, the spatial structure and configuration of historical spaces, and specifically residential buildings, reveals the extent to which the structure o MoreArchitectural and urban features of the past explain the identity of cities. The study of the historical contexts of cities, the spatial structure and configuration of historical spaces, and specifically residential buildings, reveals the extent to which the structure of space affects the behavioral patterns of residents. It should be noted that the yard and open space of residential buildings are the center and core for organizing home spaces. This article was examined the yard configuration of residential buildings in the historical context of Lahijan in Sharbafan neighborhood in the twentieth decade. The research method in the present study was associated with descriptive-inferential analysis, which was done quantitatively and qualitatively. In the qualitative section, library documents were examined. In the quantitative part, first, the spatial structure of Sharbafan neighborhood was simulated based on an old photo belonging to the 1320s by Cinema 4D software. In the next step, the simulated range plan was drawn in Autocad software and dxf output was taken from it. To analyze and study the spatial organization and space syntax, and to obtain a variety of indicators of combined analysis using the axial map, among the software in this regard, by studying and reviewing, UCL Depth Map software has been used for this research. Comparing the visual and axial Intelligibility of the samples shows the superiority of the two-sided type in axial and visual Intelligibility over the one-sided and middle-sided types. The highest correlation was observed in the visual Intelligibility of the two-sided type and the lowest correlation was observed in visual Intelligibility of the one-sided type. Access to physical information and spatial structure of historical contexts through photographs allows the study and comparison of the current situation with the previous era. Analysis of spatial and physical structure of the simulated model with space syntax software makes it possible to study architecture and spaces of historical contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - An Analysis of the Urban Regeneration Indicators in Historical Area, (Case Study: Historical Area of Rasht)
Hamid Rahimi Jalal Azimi Amoli Nasrollah Molaei HashjinIntroduction: The centers and historical contexts of the cities have been exposed to the adverse effects of urban development more than other urban areas due to the new developments of urbanization and the resulting problems. Undoubtedly, the historical and ancient cont MoreIntroduction: The centers and historical contexts of the cities have been exposed to the adverse effects of urban development more than other urban areas due to the new developments of urbanization and the resulting problems. Undoubtedly, the historical and ancient context is one of the most important challenges facing cities, especially in recent decades, and is a major concern for urban management. In Iran, these tissues have not been properly dealt with and the measures taken have not had a significant effect on their improvement. Research aim: The main purpose of this research is to analyze the status of regeneration indicators in the historical contexts of Rasht city. Methodology: The method of conducting this research is descriptive-analytical. Questionnaire technique was used to collect information. Studied Areas: Rasht conty, Giulan Porvince. Results: the average of total index in Rasht city was equal to 2.79, which indicates a close to average level. Also, the findings indicate that the status of the economic dimension with an average of 3.196 is better than the other three dimensions in the historical neighborhoods of Rasht city. The environmental dimension was ranked second with an average score of 2.808. Finally, the physical and social dimensions were ranked third and fourth respectively with average scores of 2.540 and 2.474. The results of the T-test showed that the situation of regeneration indicators in the historical neighborhoods of Rasht city is not suitable, and basic management and functional measures should be taken to improve this situation. The results of the survey for the neighborhoods showed that the "Historical Bazar neighborhood" which is known as the primary core of the city, has won the first rank among other ancient and historical neighborhoods in terms of regeneration dimensions. (0.7455). this neighborhood has the highest weight from the economic point of view. (0.2013). Also, Someeh Bijar neighborhood has the lowest rank among the studied neighborhoods in terms of regeneration dimensions. (0.3707) Conclusion: The historical neighborhoods of Rasht city do not have a suitable condition and it is necessary for the urban management to take steps in this direction through the preparation and compilation of special regeneration plans. The results of the research also show that in the special regeneration plans of each neighborhood, one should focus on the inner capacities and potentials of the neighborhoods and to prevent the presentation of uniform and similar patterns and designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Identifying and analyzing the key components affecting the improvement of justice in access to urban infrastructure (case study: Tabriz Hasht District)
Adel Pourghorban Abbas Arghan Zeinab karkeabadIntroduction: Historical spaces of cities as symbols of identity to city that for some reasons such as the passage of time, lack of compliance with the principles of modern urban planning, communication routes, non-engineering access, etc, have lost their effectiveness, MoreIntroduction: Historical spaces of cities as symbols of identity to city that for some reasons such as the passage of time, lack of compliance with the principles of modern urban planning, communication routes, non-engineering access, etc, have lost their effectiveness, despite the importance of historical spaces These spaces have a low enjoyment coefficient in terms of access to urban infrastructure, and solving this problem depends on accurate identification of components, understanding the relationships between components and finally identifying key components.Aim: The main goal of the current research is to identify the key components in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructure in the historic-cultural municipality of region of Tabriz.Methodology: The research is applied, and its descriptive-analytical approach is based on the prospective approach. Research data has been obtained using Delphi group comments. The number of components of the research includes 21 components in service, urban, managerial, and historical dimensions. Also, the members of the Delphi group included 19 people.Geography area of research: The scope of the present study is the historical-cultural municipality basin of the eight metropolitan areas of Tabriz, where more than 80% of the historical monuments of Tabriz are located in this region.Results and discussion: The findings showed that out of a total of 21 components affecting the improvement of justice in access to urban infrastructure in historical contexts, 11 components are the key components. The most important key components are the improvement of visual quality, improvement of transportation, and retrofitting old buildings, etc. Also, the results of the Electra test in the field of prioritizing the seven neighborhoods located in the historical-cultural municipality of the 8th region of Tabriz showed that, respectively, the neighborhoods of Shahnaz, Bazzar, Mansour, Maghsoodieh, Daneshsara, Karabagh-Balahamam, and Taplibagh-Damaskia are in the first to seventh priorities.Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the three components of improving the quality of public transportation in historical contexts, the per capita improvement of urban green spaces, and the preservation of historical symbols as three key Factors in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructures in historical contexts. From this point of view, it can be said that Shahnaz, Bazzar, and Maghsoodieh neighborhoods have grades one to three, respectively, in terms of access to urban infrastructure. Finally, practical proposals were presented in the field of promoting justice in access to urban infrastructures of historical contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Desirability assessment of factors affecting the feeling of security in historical contexts and providing appropriate solutions (Case study: Zartoshtian neighborhood of Kerman city)
Zahra Rezaei Estabragh Hossein Zabihi Reza AhmadianIntroduction: The historical fabric of the cities are part of the national and cultural capital of the country, which are valuable not only in terms of aesthetics, continuity of collective memories and giving identity to our cities, The purpose of the research: The main MoreIntroduction: The historical fabric of the cities are part of the national and cultural capital of the country, which are valuable not only in terms of aesthetics, continuity of collective memories and giving identity to our cities, The purpose of the research: The main purpose of the present research is to investigate the explanation of factors affecting the improvement of security in the historical context of Zartoshtian neighborhood of Kerman.Research methodology: This research is part of applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. The data was collected through a questionnaire with four main indicators and 23 items through the review of valid research documents, and the sample size was calculated as 120 people based on Cochran's formula. To analyze the findings from field studies, sample t-test and factor analysis methods were used in ssps software.The geographical scope of the research: The Zartoshtian neighborhood in Kerman is the study center of the current research, which is the central part of the city, which is the old context, is located in the west of this city.Findings and discussion: The results obtained from the t-test show that the highest general satisfaction from the citizens is related to the monitoring component with an average of 3.53. Also, the access component has the least satisfaction with a total average score of 2.99 (below the average of 3); In the other two components of the research, physical-spatial and social-behavioral, average ratings were also obtained and the average of these components was 3.08 and 3.35, respectively. Also, in this research, four factors with eigenvalues higher than one were extracted, the first factor with an eigenvalue of 4.827, alone includes 21% of the variance of the variables and has the most impact among the four effective factors. After that, the second factor with a specific value of 3.361 and 15% of the variance, the third factor with a specific value of 2.668 and 11% of the variance, and the fourth factor with a value of 1.923 and 8.360% of the total variance.Results: In general, according to the results obtained, we find that the public spaces of Zartoshtian neighborhood do not have a high level of security; Therefore in this research, by providing solutions and suggestions, we can provide the necessary background and platform to establish and improve security in the historical context of Zartoshtian neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Qualitative investigation of the theories of urban pattern in the contruction of intermediate Buildings in the historical context
peyman bahramifar vahid ghobadian mahnaz mahmoodi zarandiIntroduction: In Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related o MoreIntroduction: In Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations in the form of codified and organized laws, and all these organizations are subject to the laws. The Athens Charter states that these laws and regulations are international and do not pay attention to the local aspect; although the implementation of these laws in Iranian organizations has created a structural order in the construction of intermediate buildings; But it has been used for a long time without updating and paying attention to the canvas. Construction patterns in historical contexts are subject to many disagreements among theorists. Methodology: In this research, the classification of urban patterns in the architecture of historical bodies in the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context has been discussed. Also, discussion in this research, urban patterns in the construction of buildings in the historical context are divided into three pattern categories, including1."Decorative/decorative"pattern, 2."Functional/program-oriented "pattern, 3."perceptual/contextual" pattern, and conclusion: In the following the advantages and disadvantages and opinions of other theorists have been discussed in connection with each of the implemented models and examples. It is hoped that by examining this issue, we will be able to find a specific framework for the construction of new buildings in historical contexts in different cities of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Qualitative investigation of the theories of urban pattern in the contruction of intermediate Buildings in the historical context
Peyman bahramifar Vahid ghobadian Mahnaz mahmoodi zarandiIn Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations i MoreIn Iran, there are no laws for the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context, on the other hand, there is no specific program in organizations such as cultural heritage, the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development and other related organizations in the form of codified and organized laws, and all these organizations are subject to the laws. The Athens Charter states that these laws and regulations are international and do not pay attention to the local aspect; although the implementation of these laws in Iranian organizations has created a structural order in the construction of intermediate buildings; But it has been used for a long time without updating and paying attention to the canvas. Construction patterns in historical contexts are subject to many disagreements among theorists. Methodology: In this research, the classification of urban patterns in the architecture of historical bodies in the construction of intermediate buildings in the historical context has been discussed. Also, discussion in this research, urban patterns in the construction of buildings in the historical context are divided into three pattern categories, including1."Decorative/decorative"pattern, 2."Functional/program-oriented "pattern, 3."perceptual/contextual" pattern, and conclusion: In the following the advantages and disadvantages and opinions of other theorists have been discussed in connection with each of the implemented models and examples. It is hoped that by examining this issue, we will be able to find a specific framework for the construction of new buildings in historical contexts in different cities of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The principles of designing intermediate buildings in the historical context of cities
Abdullah NasralhiAbstract This article focuses on preserving the values of the historical context of the cities with regard to the explanation of the principles of intercultural development. One of the biggest existing urban concerns is the conflict between the protection of historical MoreAbstract This article focuses on preserving the values of the historical context of the cities with regard to the explanation of the principles of intercultural development. One of the biggest existing urban concerns is the conflict between the protection of historical urban contexts and urban development in the contemporary period. The existing and visible reality of our historical cities indicates that the current state of these cities is more than affected by specific principles derived from this type of urban context; It is influenced by the process of interventions related to new physical and spatial structures. New works, in general, from the perspective of theoretical and conceptual approaches, physical shapes and forms, how to define behaviors and functions, and how to use materials and construction methods, in most cases do not fit with the historical context of cities. In this regard, by using the method of documentary studies, examining experiences theoretically and empirically, relying on the method of logical reasoning, an attempt has been made to identify the design principles of intermediate buildings in the historical context of cities. The findings show that the values hidden in the historical context of cities are the common language of protection and development, and by identifying them, the design principles of intermediate buildings and the way of accumulation in urban heritage are also determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Determining factors of Human Resource Contexts (Experimental study in Manufacturing Industries of Turkey)
بهرام Alishiri حمیده AbdolahiHuman resource context is a new concept in Turkish.documents of this article are the results of an experimental study about determining factors of human resource context in 217 manufacturing industries of turkish.this study aims to make a new theory by evaluating detemi MoreHuman resource context is a new concept in Turkish.documents of this article are the results of an experimental study about determining factors of human resource context in 217 manufacturing industries of turkish.this study aims to make a new theory by evaluating detemining factors in human resource practices context such as recruitment and selection,training and staff development,pay and benefit,assistance of performance,career development and experience of industrial relation issues and external environment primary,it focused on human resource practices and the use of the same experience allowed the evaluation of detemining factors is human resource activities.this event has helped us to know he relation among human resource activities of other organizations and internal factors.It also enables us to discover the determining internal,external factors and controlled variables by knowing the relation between 6 human resource activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - شکل گیری هویت معلمان زبان انگلیسی در ایراان: مطالعه موردی
Hamid Reza Niknaghsh Mohammad Reza khodarezaبا توجه به اهمیت شکل گیری هویت در موقعیت های یادگیری ، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی چگونگی شکل گیری هویت معلمان زبان ایرانی در محیط یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان دوم در موقعیت یادگیری خودمی پردازد. این مطالعه همچنین تلاش کرد که نشان دهد که آیا جنسیت می تواند نقش مهمی د Moreبا توجه به اهمیت شکل گیری هویت در موقعیت های یادگیری ، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی چگونگی شکل گیری هویت معلمان زبان ایرانی در محیط یادگیری زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان دوم در موقعیت یادگیری خودمی پردازد. این مطالعه همچنین تلاش کرد که نشان دهد که آیا جنسیت می تواند نقش مهمی در ایجاد هویت برای معلمان زبان داشته باشد یا نه. برای این منظور ، شش معلم زبان انگلیسی هم مرد و هم زن در یک موسسه زبان انگلیسی دعوت شده اند تا در این مطالعه شرکت کنند. محقق از شرکت کنندگان خواسته است که پرسشنامه ساخت هویت برزونسکی (۲۰۱۰) را تکمیل کنند تا به صورت توصیفی پاسخ آنها را تحلیل کند. این پرسشنامه دارای ۴۰ سوال در قالب مقیاس لیکرت بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها نشان داد که شرکت کنندگان درک نسبتاً زیادی راجع به "سبک هویتی اطلاعاتی" و "بخش های تعهد" در پرسشنامه دارند، اما درک متوسطی نسبت به "سبک های هنجاری" و "سردرگمی/اجتنابی" داشتند. نتیجه دومین سؤال تحقیق نشان داد که تنها در مؤلفه های "سبک هویتی اطلاعاتی" بین شرکت کنندگان زن و مرد تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - توسعه مدل هویت برای زمینه زبان انگلیسی زبان ایرانی: با تمرکز بر مهارت زبان
Amir Mirahmadi Kia Seyyed Ayatollah Razmjoo Shahram Afraz -
Open Access Article
116 - محمدشریف حسینی: دکتری آموزش زبان انگلیسی، بخش آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گچساران
محمدشریف حسینیمقاله حاضر تلاشی بود برای بررسی تاثیر استفاده از استرتژیهای فراشناختی بر روی عملکرد نوشتن فراگیران انگلیسی در یک موسسه زبان در شهر گچساران، ایران. همچنین دیدگاه دانش آموزان درباره استفاده از این استراتژیها در کلاسهای زبان انگلیسی و تاثیر آن بر نوشتن زبان آموزان مورد برر Moreمقاله حاضر تلاشی بود برای بررسی تاثیر استفاده از استرتژیهای فراشناختی بر روی عملکرد نوشتن فراگیران انگلیسی در یک موسسه زبان در شهر گچساران، ایران. همچنین دیدگاه دانش آموزان درباره استفاده از این استراتژیها در کلاسهای زبان انگلیسی و تاثیر آن بر نوشتن زبان آموزان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. به همین منظور 40 فراگیر زبان انگلیسی سطح متوسط مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایشی 20 دانش آموز بودند که از روش فراشناختی استفاده میکردند و گروه کنترل 20 دانش آموز بودند که از روش سنتی استفاده میکردند. در ابتدای ترم همه شرکت کنندگان در امتحان قبل از دوره شرکت کردند. سپس استراتژیهای ذکر شده اجرا شدند. بعد از آزمایش و بررسی هر دو گروه در امتحان بعد از دوره شرکت کردند. همچنین پرسشنامه فراشناختی بین دانش آموزان گروه تجربی توزیع شد تا نظرشان را نسبت به استراتژیهای گفته شده بیان کنند. نتایج از لحاظ توصیفی و استنباطی تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از استراتژیهای فراشناختی تاثیر معناداری بر عملکرد مهارت نوشتن زبان آموزان داشت. به علاوه فراگیران زبان انگلیسی ایرانی نظرات مثبتی به تاثیر استراتژیهای ذکر شده از لحاظ برنامه ریزی و کنترل و ارزیابی بر عملکرد خودشان داشتند و در میان همه اینها کنترل کردن بیشتر در میان دانش آموران مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Love in the Culture of Gilān (the Case Study: The Narrative of Ranā); A Mythological Approach
Zahra Mehdypour Moghaddam Bahman namvar motlagh Love, which represents the deepest form of connection between human beings, can take on different forms. In a romantic relationship, not all people follow the same emotional pattern and some human beings may even resort to violence or punishment. The myth of Ranā More Love, which represents the deepest form of connection between human beings, can take on different forms. In a romantic relationship, not all people follow the same emotional pattern and some human beings may even resort to violence or punishment. The myth of Ranā in the region of Gilān in Iran depicts the emergence of a romantic relationship and its unfortunate fate in the lord and peasant system. By using descriptive-content analysis method and with a mythological and narratological approach, the present study seeks to explain the influential elements in the romantic myth of Ranā. Also, the various dimensions of this mythological narrative and its discourse, contextual and hypertextual conditions are examined. In order to better understand the symbols of the narrative, the attempt is made to study the prevailing culture and discourses with an emphasis on psychoanalysis and sociology. The results show that human relations, especially emotional, can indicate the evolutionary status of a society and if a society wants to preserve its indigenous identity and its own aesthetics, it has no choice but to know its past and pay attention to its native myths; because myths are considered as behavioral patterns of a particular society and in most cases, their influence is unconsciously experienced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Relationship Between Classroom Social Context and Academic Engagement: The Mediation Roles of Self-System Processes, Academic Motivation and Emotions
Zeinab Rabbani Siavash Talepasand Esaac Rahimianboogar MohammadAli MohammadifarThe aim of present study was to investigate the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions in the relationship between classroom social context and academic engagement. The participants were 586 grade nine students in Tehran. They complet MoreThe aim of present study was to investigate the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions in the relationship between classroom social context and academic engagement. The participants were 586 grade nine students in Tehran. They completed Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Reeve & Tseng, 2011), Academic Emotions Questionnaires (Pekrun et al., 2005), Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al, 1989), Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale (Filak & Sheldon, 2003), Teacher Emotional Support Scale (Sakiz, 2007), Autonomy Support (Blackburn, 1998) and Peers Emotional Support (Johnson et al, 1983) subscales. The results of path analysis showed that classroom social context (including teacher emotional support, autonomy support and peers emotional support) have effects on academic engagement through several pathways. Findings indicated that social context factors of classroom had effects on self-system processes (autonomy need satisfaction, competence need satisfaction and relatedness need satisfaction), and these processes influenced academic motivation. Academic motivation had an effect on academic emotions, and academic emotions structurally influenced academic engagement. Therefore, classroom social context had effects on academic engagement by the mediating roles of self-system processes, academic motivation and emotions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Designing a succession management model in public universities in Semnan province
yasaman modaresi Mirali SayyednaghaviLeading research was conducted with the aim of systematic study and presenting a comprehensive model of theoretical models and research conducted in the field of succession breeding and using the opinions of experts. The statistical population of this study is the manag MoreLeading research was conducted with the aim of systematic study and presenting a comprehensive model of theoretical models and research conducted in the field of succession breeding and using the opinions of experts. The statistical population of this study is the managers, professors and staff of public universities in Semnan province. The interview lasted until the saturation of 13 people. Also, 58 sources were purposefully selected from 75 reviewed articles. In this article, the themes and management model of succession breeding have been developed using the content analysis method. The results of this study show that succession management can be in the context of prerequisite measures (with three organizing themes and fourteen basic themes), context and contextual factors (with two organizing themes and twelve). Summarized the basic theme) and succession-management management planning (with seven organizing themes and twenty-one basic themes). The most important theme, considering the inclusion of the highest number of codes, was the theme of succession management management planning, and then the context theme and background factors of succession management, and finally the theme of prerequisite management management measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Downtown Tehran as an Eco-park: The Implementation of Urban Ecological Design in Historic Contexts Based on Glocal Values
SAMANEH MOHSENI Mahmud RezaeiMegacities are highly responsible for the emissions of environmental pollution, energy overconsumption, and the threat of non-renewable natural resources. Therefore, it is vital to develop the ecological design indicators with an energy approach, especially for the hist MoreMegacities are highly responsible for the emissions of environmental pollution, energy overconsumption, and the threat of non-renewable natural resources. Therefore, it is vital to develop the ecological design indicators with an energy approach, especially for the historical urban fabrics, which in addition to environmental issues, have witnessed the migration of indigenous people as a result of physical and cultural degradation. Therefore, this article seeks ways to implement urban design with a renewable energy approach in urban historic contexts, which can be noticeable at the level of the world’s heritage. The research aims to encourage young and active people to live in the neighborhood with a green and sustainable lifestyle respecting energy sources, reducing pollution, and improving local identities at a global level. It thus studies the plausible futures with a series of techniques including Delphi, design solutions, and visioning with a case study method. The case of research is Downtown Tehran focusing on Sangelaj Neighborhood, somewhere between Tahmasebi’s and Naseri’s fortifications. After going through the three stages of design solutions, including context appraisal, vision, and action plans, a Delphi technique evaluates solutions in three consecutive rounds. Panelists including professional urban and architectural designers, as well as experts in urban energy, restoration, environment, traffic, and geology reached a consensus. Findings show that participatory visioning techniques, which mean engaging urban actors such as people and organizations, will improve the implementation of an urban eco-park, with energy, ecological and historical approaches. It thus provides a circular economy and circular neighborhood. The article then proposes strategies such as the complete street, and the use of renewable energies including recycling wastewater, using solar energies, and wind power. These suggestions will highlight the rich historical and natural background of the neighborhood such as Iranian gardens and aqueducts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Social context influencing the formation of the social movement of environmentalism in Iran
mohamadali golmohamadzadeh alireza esmaeilzad Parviz ahadiThe environmental crisis is one of the most important global problems today. Because popular participation is increasingly needed to deal with this crisis, it is important to note that environmental NGOs and grassroots organizations have been formed around the world to MoreThe environmental crisis is one of the most important global problems today. Because popular participation is increasingly needed to deal with this crisis, it is important to note that environmental NGOs and grassroots organizations have been formed around the world to direct this public participation. And guide. Environmental movements in Iran as a modern movement that is due to the experiences gained and the conditions resulting from the new way of life in Iran can be a new social movement that is slow and scattered but has a common goal and away from the conditions and trends of social movements. Conventional and classic, which is expanding slowly. In this article, we will discuss the bio-movement and the social context of this movement in Iran. According to the hypothesis of this article, the consequences of globalization and late modernity or rethinking modernization of the external social context and the spread of doubts about its consequences and increasing awareness of the need to care for planetary ecology and the demand for humanization of technology among part of society. "Environmentalism" can be considered in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - The Context of Time in the Philosophical Discourses of Contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning based on the Theory of Space Production
Mozhdeh JamshidiTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the em MoreTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the embodiment and meaning of the human environment. This research aims to identify the temporal context in the production of space by focusing on the components that form the structure of thinking in philosophical-judicial discourses and the rationality governing contemporary architecture and urban planning in Iran. By limiting factors to thinkers and planning processes at the global level, the signs of the context of time in the construction of space are identified. The qualitative and interpretive method of this research uses inductive analysis, focusing on the ideas and works of contemporary thinkers, as well as social trends and movements. The results indicate that the foundations of time in the production of space in contemporary Iran stem from psychology and sociology, and are still at the beginning of shaping dominant ideas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Studying the driving factors affecting the sustainable development of the historical contexts of Tehran metropolis (Case study: Haft Chenar Briyank neighborhood Beryank, District 10)
Mohammad mehrandish Hossein Zabihi hamid majedi seied majid mofidi shemiraniThe sustainable development of historical contexts means the development that takes advantage of preserving and improving urban historical contexts with the aim of preserving cultural identity, historical values, and natural resources.This article has tried to identify MoreThe sustainable development of historical contexts means the development that takes advantage of preserving and improving urban historical contexts with the aim of preserving cultural identity, historical values, and natural resources.This article has tried to identify and cluster the driving forces affecting the future state of sustainable development of Mohibe Beryank, district 10 of Tehran metropolis, using the method of structural analysis. This article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method. Theoretical data was prepared by document method and experimental data by survey method based on Delphi technique. The statistical population is 30 experts and specialists based on judgmental or purposeful sampling and the drivers studied are 40 driving forces in 4 dimensions, which are processed by structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software. The findings of this research showed that the general pattern of the study's drivers dispersion in terms of mutual effects analysis, in general, indicates the situation of an unstable environmental system in which the drivers of development are complex and It has intermediates. The state of clustering of thrusters is indicative of cluster concentration in dual thrusters. Among the 40 driving forces, 10 driving forces have more key effects in affecting the future state of sustainable development of Haft Chenar Beryank neighborhood in District 10, which include having a job and adequate income, the existence of various job opportunities in the city, strengthening the sense of belonging to a place, strengthening public trust between citizens, increasing optimal density in the fabric, access to recreational and leisure spaces, creating active public spaces, democracy and citizen participation, improving public transportation and considering construction design considerations.strengthening public trust between citizens, increasing optimal density in the fabric, access to recreational and leisure spaces, creating active public spaces, democracy and citizen participation, improving public transportation and considering construction design considerations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The Pathology of Meli Bank Staff Training System
Seyed Enayatolah Momeni Afsaneh Zamani Moghadam parivash jafariThe present study was conducted with the aim of the pathology of National Bank staff training system. Accordingly, the present study was based on the field dimension in terms of the study environment, in terms of purpose, it was applied, from the point of view of the da MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of the pathology of National Bank staff training system. Accordingly, the present study was based on the field dimension in terms of the study environment, in terms of purpose, it was applied, from the point of view of the data collection period and from the point of view of the method of research, it was, descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research in qualitative part consists of academic experts and managers of the branches of the Meli Bank of Iran. Ten people were selected for qualitative part acoording to targeted methed. In the quantitative part of the research, the statistical population included all employees of Meli Bank of Iran, Tehran Branches. Using a Cochran formula and a cluster sampling method, 365 employees of the Meli Bank were selected as sample size. Data collection was done in two ways: library and field studies. In the field, interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire were used. Validity of the questionnaire consisted of face validity, content and construct validity, and its reliability was determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability coefficient .were measured and all were approved. Data analysis was done in descriptive and inferential parts. In the inferential part, structural equation modeling and other inferential statistics prototypes such as exploratory factor analysis and single sample t-test were also used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Semiotics of Head Motifs in the Historical Context of Tehran Based on Chandler Codes
Sara Sadat Miri Firoozeh Sheibani RezvaniThe aim of this research is to identify visual characteristics in the motifs of three selected fronts of Foroozesh Street, Molavi Street and Vakil Al-Tajjar Street in the historical context of Tehran, which has been less studied. The reason for choosing these three head MoreThe aim of this research is to identify visual characteristics in the motifs of three selected fronts of Foroozesh Street, Molavi Street and Vakil Al-Tajjar Street in the historical context of Tehran, which has been less studied. The reason for choosing these three heads among similar cases was the capacity to analyze their motifs from the perspective of Daniel Chandler's codes. This research is qualitative and based on data obtained from library information and observation of case examples that describes and analyzes motifs based on Daniel Chandler's semiotic opinions. The results of the analysis are as follows: From the point of view of social codes, it shows the integrated style of cultural exchange between the rulers of Qajar and the West. From the point of view of the textual ciphers, brickwork, tilework motifs are explained in the visual text of Islamic elements, Khatai, birds and written verses. In interpretative codes of visual elements, it explains the royal authority as well as the importance of living in the shadow of faith in the One Lord and the fruits of faith of a Muslim person. Perceptual codes are interpreted based on the similarity of the elements in the motifs of the three heads. Finally, from codes of perception, it shows the orientation of the leader's and the audience's thinking about the natural elements of the garden in a symbolic and abstract way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - IELTS Writing Skills Training and EFL Learners’ Identity Construction: Link to Selves-theory
Sanaz Farnia Neda Fatehi Rad Hassan ShahabiWriting academically which has recently attracted much attention in the field of applied linguistics, is a complex process for many candidates. Among the four language skills, writing is more tied to selves-theory since it needs ideology transfer, the main element of th MoreWriting academically which has recently attracted much attention in the field of applied linguistics, is a complex process for many candidates. Among the four language skills, writing is more tied to selves-theory since it needs ideology transfer, the main element of the theory. This paper made an effort to examine the effect of training on IELTS writing skill on Iranian EFL students' construction of the possible selves in the future. In doing so, an experimental study was employed and 90 candidates of both genders were chosen to participate based on cluster sampling method. The instrument of the study was a related questionnaire (Zadshir et al., 2020) which was used to check the expected possible selves of the participants. Descriptive statistics and Multi-Variate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) were run to analyze data. Findings of the study indicated that expected and responsible selves were stronger than feared selves among the participants after treatment. That is to say, training on IELTS writing skills had a remarkable effect on Iranian EFL students’ construction of the possible selves and the dimensions of the possible selves in the future. Implications of the results for EFL curriculum planners, teachers and learners have been discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - EFL Learners’ Self-made Psychological Barriers in Speaking Acquisition
Shiva Ghorbani Shahram Afraz Farhad Fahandej SaadiHindering factors in the language classes are of various types ranging from teaching context, teacher-provoking factors, error correction procedures, tests impact, and finally the factors that are imposed by the learners themselves (Horwitz, 2001). The goal of this pape MoreHindering factors in the language classes are of various types ranging from teaching context, teacher-provoking factors, error correction procedures, tests impact, and finally the factors that are imposed by the learners themselves (Horwitz, 2001). The goal of this paper was to explore the factors that are suggested into the learning situation by the learners themselves in the teaching-learning context called self-made hindering factors. To his goal, 52 EFL learners establish the participants of the study. The learners belonged to the pre-intermediate level with the age range of 16 to 24. Two instruments were used to collect the data. The first was using a questionnaire to discover the self-made inhibiting factors that the learners were normally exposed to in the speaking class. It was a pre-designed questionnaire consisted of 30 statements that was used before by Yaseen (2018) in a study with EFL learners in Jordan. The other instrument was using PET standard speaking test that would tap the speaking level of the participants of the study. Teachers’ role was introduced as the main factor of inhibition provocation and the second self-made source was the affective factor such as the level of motivation and the anxiety of the learners and the last category was the context and instructional environment. Moreover, a relationship could be explored between apprehension and the three levels. The results were significant and revealed some differences between the three levels and their inhibition sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Evaluating the quality of life in the suburban context based on the environmental indicators of a case study (southwest elevations of Mashhad city)
alireza omurisarabi Toktam HanaeeIn recent years, the concept of quality of life has attracted the attention of many urban planners and managers, as nowadays a low quality of life is observed in many cities in Iran, especially in the suburbs. Sociologists explain the definition of people living on the MoreIn recent years, the concept of quality of life has attracted the attention of many urban planners and managers, as nowadays a low quality of life is observed in many cities in Iran, especially in the suburbs. Sociologists explain the definition of people living on the periphery of cities as follows: Peripheral residents generally include those who live in the city but do not use the city's facilities and services as citizens. Although these people live in the heart or on the outskirts of the city, they retain their rural culture while considering themselves city dwellers. Quality of life is one of the most fundamental areas of urban research around the world and includes components such as social, environmental and economic. The category of quality of life is of great importance, especially in marginalized communities living in unstable physical and environmental conditions due to lack of facilities, economic poverty and many constraints on the outskirts of big cities. Since the quality of life is closely related to the environment and people's lives, and the deterioration of environmental quality directly affects the quality of life, this study aims to assess the quality of life through environmental indicators in the marginalized areas in the south-western highlands of Mashhad and make suggestions to improve the quality of life in this marginal neighborhood near the metropolis of Mashhad by assessing the influential indicators in the environmental system. It is an applied survey research and a quantitative and documentary research method. The research data is collected through field methods (observation and questionnaire) and the analysis of the questionnaire, factor analysis and single sample T which were used in SPSS software environment. It should be noted that the research strategies were formulated based on the matrix of internal and external factors. The results show that conservative strategies are the best alternative to improve the quality of life in worn-out marginalized areas, because the application of these strategies protects the marginalized community from risky situations, so the greatest strengths are in the area of maximum efficiency. Manuscript profile
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