Safety

Open Access Article

1 - Evaluation of knowledge and attitude of non-medical students about Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles in residential home
Omid Tabiee

Introduction: The Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Culture Assessment are an acceptable method for achieving sustainable development and environmental protection goals. To the author's knowledge, to date, no systematic study has been carried out to investigate to de More

Introduction: The Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) Culture Assessment are an acceptable method for achieving sustainable development and environmental protection goals. To the author's knowledge, to date, no systematic study has been carried out to investigate to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of non-medical students for the use of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles in residential homes. To reduce and prevent home accidents as well as protection of environment the current study was, therefore, undertaken to determine the level of knowledge and attitudes of non0medical students on Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles in residential homes. Materials and Methods: This study was a descriptive analytical study and samples include 250 non-medical students from Islamic Azad universities in Fars province who were selected by convenient sampling method. The self-administrated questionnaire included a demographic questionnaire and as well as their knowledge on Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) and practice regarding willinless to conservation of environment was completed for all the study population through interviews. Subsequently, descriptive statistics, x2, and Mann-Whitney test and kruscal-wallis test were employed for analysis using SPSS Software (version 21). Results and Discussion: The findings of this study showed that, 86.8 percent of the people had poor awareness about Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles in residential home and 79.2% of people were not interested in using of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles in residential home. On the other hand, there was a significant correlation between knowledge and sex, awareness and levels of education and knowledge and age (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that students had almost low knowledge and attitudes on Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) principles, and this level of knowledge is not enough, and students need developed educational programs to increase Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) culture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Validation of Visual Security Indicators From the Aspect of Passive Defense in Educational Land Uses
Masoumeh Javidan

Increasing the security and safety of schools, reducing their vulnerability, and improving their sustainability are among the factors that increase the psychological security of students and families. It is one of the goals and crucial components of passive defense. Thu More

Increasing the security and safety of schools, reducing their vulnerability, and improving their sustainability are among the factors that increase the psychological security of students and families. It is one of the goals and crucial components of passive defense. Thus, given the significance of the subject, this study focuses on the validation of security and safety indicators from the perspective of passive defense in educational land uses, focusing on elementary schools in the western district of Bandar Imam Khomeini based on the five selected indicators(architecture and design, structure, facilities, proximity and access, and equipment) and 42 sub-indicators. The study type was applied and its method was survey-evaluation with emphasis on questionnaire. The statistical population of the study includes all principals, assistants, teachers, and some experts from the education department of Bandr Imam Khomeini City. The sample size was 117 people. To examine the normality of the data distribution, the Kolmogorov-Sminrov test was used. Also, to examine the status of the research variables, structural equation modeling by partial least squares (PLS) method and SMARTPLS software were used. The results of the PLS test revealed that the equipment indicator with an impact factor of 0.918 has the highest value and the proximity and access indicator with an impact factor of 0.771 has the lowest validity among the study indicators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - The effect of travelers' recommendations on word-of-mouth advertising and reuse intention with the mediating role of safety and perceived value and the moderating role of education
majid pabarjaei zanjani احمد راه چمنی

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of travelers' recommendations on word-of-mouth advertising and reuse intention with the mediating role of safety and perceived value and the moderating role of education. The current research is applie More

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of travelers' recommendations on word-of-mouth advertising and reuse intention with the mediating role of safety and perceived value and the moderating role of education. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive research in terms of survey method based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research includes Snap application customers in Zanjan city, 390 of these people were selected as a sample using the available random sampling method. Pauk et al.'s (2022) questionnaire with 26 questions was used to collect data. The divergent and convergent validity of the above instrument was confirmed. Reliability was also investigated by Cronbach's alpha test and composite reliability test. The software used were SPSS version 26 and SmartPLS version 4. Finally, the results of data analysis at a confidence level of 0.95 and an error level of 0.05 showed that the recommendations of other passengers have an effect on the perceived safety with a route coefficient of 0.667. Also, perceived value acts as a partial mediator between other travelers' recommendations and word-of-mouth advertising intention. Finally, based on interaction analysis, it was determined that the level of education plays a role as a moderating variable between the recommendations of other travelers and the intention of word-of-mouth advertising Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Futuristic model to improve the capabilities of technology transfer in automotive safety systems
AMIR REZA NAKHAEI Soleyman Iranzadeh mehrdad Hosseini Shakib

10.30495/jmfr.2022.20722

Background: Car safety systems, as one of the most important parts of the automotive industry, to improve quality and prepare for the future, require the identification of modern technologies and appropriate methods of their transmission.Objective: The aim of this study More

Background: Car safety systems, as one of the most important parts of the automotive industry, to improve quality and prepare for the future, require the identification of modern technologies and appropriate methods of their transmission.Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the components of improving the transmission capabilities of technology in automotive safety systems and to analyze the relationships between them with a forward-looking approach.Methods: This study is applied and descriptive survey study and based on mathematical modeling with fuzzy inference system. Using previous literature and research studies and interviews with 11 experts from automotive safety systems companies, indicators are identified and categorized. And to analyze the relationships between the factors, the fuzzy inference approach with Matlab software are used.Results: 20 indicators are identified and categorized into 4 components. The localization and deployment component of technology with the first rank and 34.38% weight criterion is the most important variable and the identification and selection of technology with 19.66 weight criterion is in the last rank.Conclusion: senior executives and automakers should pay special attention to the indicators of the capability of localize and deploy technology. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Management commissioning forgotten necessity in production and industrial organizations
I. Soltani H, Taghizadeh J. P, Anvarian

Management systems in productional and in dustrial organizations from start to operations, can be dividedin to three stages:1- Management of construction2- Management of commission and3- Management of operation.These types of management have structural differences. Mana More

Management systems in productional and in dustrial organizations from start to operations, can be dividedin to three stages:1- Management of construction2- Management of commission and3- Management of operation.These types of management have structural differences. Management of construction stage has a specificdefinition and framework, organization's management system.Management of operation has a clear status too. But management of commission has no clear status inmanagement system of production and industrial organizations. This is because the related regulations andsystems are different in these stages. Hence and regarding the importance of management in commissionstage, the concept of commissioning management and the necessity of attention to it has been explained. Thecomponents and condition of commissioning stage, required managers, employees, environmental workcondition, current regulations in organization, working with contractors, condition of safety system,customer, oriented and management of human resources has been explained and compared to other stages. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - A Survey on Routing Protocols in Vehicular Ad hoc Network
Elham Bozorgzadeh hamid barati Ali Barati

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Open Access Article

7 - Identification and prioritization of failure factors in the implementation of health and safety policies based on the technique of failure modes and effects analysis and using AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methods (Case study: Industries and Mines of Kerman province)
ehsan shahsavari goqrri Mohammad Ziaaddini Mostafa Hadavinejad, Hamid Taboli

Background: Development and implementation of safety and health policy is one of the necessities of the organization to reduce accidents and occupational diseases. Policy means the decisions and politics and the purpose of implementing the policy are the activities that More

Background: Development and implementation of safety and health policy is one of the necessities of the organization to reduce accidents and occupational diseases. Policy means the decisions and politics and the purpose of implementing the policy are the activities that it performs directly.Objective: Numerous factors lead to the failure to implement occupational safety and health policies. In this study, these factors have been identified and ranked.Methods: This research is applied and strategic in terms of survey. The research population consisted of 15 HSE managers in Kerman province who were selected through non-random and purposeful sampling. Data collection tools are interviews and questionnaires and FMEA technique and integrated approach of AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS have been used to analyze the data.Findings: Based on the findings, important factors influencing the failure to implement safety and health policies are: Lack of proper organizational structure and lack of funding for implementation.Conclusion: According to the research findings, it is necessary that organizations pay more attention to creating and strengthening the structure of safety and health units and monitor the implementation of safety and health policies by estimating and allocating the necessary budget. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Identify effective factors on Job safety Performance in Small and medium industries of Qazvin Province (case study textile)
zeynab yekta Klosforoshi Reza Ehtesham Rasi

These days in the competitive world, most of organizations found that the safety management and labor health are to be inseparable part of themselves and value them the same as other managements in the organization. The main goal of this research is to identify influenc More

These days in the competitive world, most of organizations found that the safety management and labor health are to be inseparable part of themselves and value them the same as other managements in the organization. The main goal of this research is to identify influencing factors on the performance of workforce health in organizations. In this paper, statistical population is the small and medium textile industries in Qazvin province with 800 workers that by taking the total number of population and Morgan chart into account, the sample size is 260 workers. The data analyzed by the structural equation modeling technique and the AMOS software. Through the analyzes of the data it is shown that in medium industries independent variables have great meaningful effect of dependent variables. While in small industries only the risk management effects on the safety following and safety participation. Results show the influence of safety leadership and risk management on increasing safety behavior and workers satisfaction. These findings are important for the management; because, it shows evidences about the factors that encourage companies to decrease risk and optimize their safety performance.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - study position of social rights and responsibilities of journalists in today newspapers of Iran (The views of journalist, Professor of communication, lawyers and Editors)
Mahdieh Shokri mahdokht borujerdi

This study investigates to place of rights and responsibilities social of journalists in Iran today's press. According to 190-year history of Iranian journalists, this research studies current status of journalism and conditions of journalist's activity in country from More

This study investigates to place of rights and responsibilities social of journalists in Iran today's press. According to 190-year history of Iranian journalists, this research studies current status of journalism and conditions of journalist's activity in country from perspective of professionals. Conceptual framework is based on professional journalism a combination of theory of social responsibility, one of normative theories of media and Walter Lippmann's concept of objectivity. Based on research, professional journalism is product of this story (Theory of Responsibility and concept of objectivity) Research method is deep interview with specialists and 20 journalists, communications professors, lawyers and newspaper directors. Result show, governing model of press Inconsistent with professional journalism and current situation represents a lot of ambiguity regarding rights and journalist responsibilities. Currently, there are no grounds for career in journalism in country, Occupational safety and professional independence were not provided journalists and in such a situation, journalists had least impact on their job status. This effect will remain at least as long as platform for professional activity. In this situation, Obtaining an accurate picture of the rights and professional characteristics of journalists is the starting point for the social responsibilities of this group and, as a result, achieving professional and desirable journalism in the country. Also, pass laws and regulations of independence of the journalistic profession will be an effective infrastructure for journalism and will be the basis for the proper functioning of the media and journalists. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Role of Urban Public Spaces for Increasing of social Safety (Case Studies: Golsar and Saqerisazan of Rasht)
Somayeh Sedighi Seyyed Mohsen Habibi

The relation between sensory dimensions of urban spaces and social security is assessed in this research. The results of the study show that there is a direct relation between the perceived information of environment and human health. People feel and understand the urba More

The relation between sensory dimensions of urban spaces and social security is assessed in this research. The results of the study show that there is a direct relation between the perceived information of environment and human health. People feel and understand the urban spaces through different ways and pleasantness or unpleasantness of urban spaces and their safety can have a substantial role on the mental health of dwellers and passersby. This study tries to analyze different ways of transferring and general environmental perception and then finds their effects on social safety and security in order to propose a compound way to organize urban spaces. Based on the obtained results it was supposed to find a compound method for well forming of urban safety regarding some important and social characteristics, including age, gender, education, job, social class and other cases. Researchers tried to find the relevant elements which have direct effects on the decrease and increase of safety of urban environment and then tried to obtain results. The selected method for the analysis was a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods. First, by using the different theoretical sources, the desired quantitative data were gathered and then by analyzing them the quantitative criteria for field consideration were assigned. In fact, according to the outcome information gathered from quantitative data the researchers tried to gather quantitative data and then generalized them. After choosing the methods of research, the next steps were assigning data gathering, collecting of qualitative and quantitative questions, analyzing the data and finally preparation of the report. Hereafter, it was analyzed to find the relation between the elements based on theoretical method, condition of variables (description) and their relation (analysis). First the samples were distributed based on basic elements, dependent and independent elements in order to achieve a general understanding of the sample population. Second, the relations between basic and independent elements with dependent elements were achieved through a test. The outcome answers from the participants were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. According to the raised theories and examining them in the two mentioned areas, the researchers used the uni-sample T-test for comparing the variables in these two areas. Selected case-studies are Saqerisazan and Goslar in Rasht. Oldness, their appearance time, the owning rate of urban facilities, the attitude of young and old people living in these two areas, were among other reasons, the basic ones to choose these two areas, so that the researchers could examine their special and unique characteristics. Distributing the questioners and then gathering of the information, the researchers could compare the rate of safety in the mentioned areas and could recognize the effective factors on the reduction of the safety and therefore were able to reject or approve the theories of the research. The research describes effective factors that affect the security of two mentioned districts. As a result, suggestions including guidelines, strategies, publicities and plan were given and recommended to decrease the crime rate and disorder behavior to increase the safety of each neighborhood. . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Urban Space Design: Creating Safer Places for Children in Iran Applying Worldwide Experiences
Mamak Nassiri Nasab Rafsanjani

Nowadays, children all around the world constitute approximately 31 percent of the global population, and moreover, in the country of Iran children comprise a population of about 19 million individuals who represent the future human capital of this country, and areas su More

Nowadays, children all around the world constitute approximately 31 percent of the global population, and moreover, in the country of Iran children comprise a population of about 19 million individuals who represent the future human capital of this country, and areas such, an important demographic in this country’s society. Therefore, it is a critical matter that children should be considered in the process of urban planning and design. As UNICEF express it, the primary responsibility for ensuring that children’s right is realized lies with governments and other stakeholders such as civil society organizations, the private sector, academia, and media, as well as children themselves. Given that, public and government oﬃcials, city managers, top executives, and private ﬁrms should collaborate with each other to set out a series of normative principles for city planners and urban designers taking consideration of children needs. It is safe to say that children need consist of many factors such as environmental, social, educational, cultural, healthcare, and more importantly safety needs. Broadly speaking, it is the city, town or community’s task to protect children from violence, abuse, and exploitation where they can grow up healthy with utmost care. Hence, investigating, determining and identifying the characteristics of a safe and secure environment for children (or even adults) is crucial to this matter. The citizen’s security and ways of promoting it has been considered as the priority of urban designer, this urban security promotion and improvement, have beneﬁcial aspects on cultural and social traces and relics that related to citizen’s behavioral pattern that enhance the residential environment quality through urban crime and violence reduction. As a matter of fact, in the past few decades, there has been a change in understanding of how crime and violence reduction should be achieved. Taking into account the above, several researchers have oﬀered concepts of defensible spaces to planners and designers in order to create and shape a more secure and safer public space which reduces the crime and violence rate. The attempt has been made to introduce the role of urban fabric and its physical aspects and makes clear the principles, paradigms and the theoretician strategies approaches. Moreover, examined here are the experiences gained around the world with regards to the design of safe public spaces. Given that, The eﬀort has been made to foster the factors which are aﬀected to the urban spaces safety, the necessity of the safe urban theories relates to this manifest: nowadays, the urban fabric potentials and physical aspect have been not considered in urban crime reduction that enhances the quality of life and urban satisfaction. This research result shows that the crime commission and violence can be reduced by using practical urban design criteria. The attempt has been made to cultivate the factors which are aﬀected to urban security. By attention to the positive aspects of the safe and secure urban public spaces, and their inﬂuence on children, we shall arrive at certain deductive principles or guidelines for safe public urban spaces in our cities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Evaluating the Effects of Land Use Spatial Structure on Pedes‌trian's Mental Safety in Urban Mahallas layouts Using Space Syntax (Case Study: Manzariye and Bazar Malallas in Tabriz, Iran)
Mahshid Ghorbanian

10.30495/ijaud.2021.58213.1502

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Open Access Article

13 - Elevated Highways in Residential Layouts: The Imposed Negative Impacts (Case Study: Sadr Elevated Highway)
Marjan Khaleghi Jahanshah Pakzad

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Open Access Article

14 - Performance assessment of a food safety management system in meat processing plants and the local market of Tehran: A microbial source tracking study
Hossein Nazarian Masoumeh Moslemi Zahra Pilevar Leyla Alizadeh Hedayat Hosseini

10.30495/fh.2023.74075.1144

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Open Access Article

15 - Evaluation of the effect of plastics bags containing silver nanocomposite of grapefruit’s peel on cucumber postharvest nutritional value and their possible penetration in tissue
Ramesh Faghihi Kambiz Larijani Vahid Abdossi Pezhman Moradi

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Open Access Article

16 - Investigating the safety management of sports venues in sports events in Zanjan schools
parisa karimi Mehriye Panahi sajad hosseini

10.30495/jism.2022.21965

The purpose of this article is to investigate the safety management of sports venues in sports events in schools of Zanjan province in 1401. This article is one of the applied researches in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data processing metho More

The purpose of this article is to investigate the safety management of sports venues in sports events in schools of Zanjan province in 1401. This article is one of the applied researches in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data processing methods. The field method is to use a questionnaire. that the statistical population of Zanjan province's physical training schools; Their number is 750 male and female students. The community studied in this research are girls, whose number is 340. In order to determine the sample based on simple classification sampling and using Morgan's table, 181 people (girls) were selected as a sample. In order to analyze the data, Friedman's rank test and correlation coefficient were used using spss software version 18. Findings: Data reliability was reported based on Cronbach's alpha 0912. The normality of the data was confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Friedman's test was significant at the 0.01 level (P<0.01). The dimension of management with the highest rank 1, health with rank 2, legal and ethical requirements with rank 3, design with rank 4, respectively, showed the highest average rating of the effect on the safety of sports facilities. The results of correlation analysis: safety and security with health had the highest correlation of 0.933, then the ethical and legal requirements of design and management with safety were 0.814/0.863 and 0.684 respectively. Conclusion In order to have great heroes, we must pay special attention to design, hygiene, ethical and legal requirements and proper management. By creating a hosting position, it made a positive step in raising the healthy culture of competition and hospitality, and the facilities and content of the subsequent events. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - International regime of Aviation Law; Do's and Don'ts:
Hamidreza Seyedi seyedbagher Mirabbasi Ehsan Kamrani

10.30495/jlap.2022.19054

AbstractEvery legal regime is a purposeful, systematic, and inherently unified set. In the national legal regime, the government and in international law, the United Nations is the axis of the international legal regime. Governments have international responsibility for More

AbstractEvery legal regime is a purposeful, systematic, and inherently unified set. In the national legal regime, the government and in international law, the United Nations is the axis of the international legal regime. Governments have international responsibility for violating international obligations because of their special position of "sovereignty." The responsibility of states for their actions, which is interpreted as "international responsibility", includes compensatory mechanisms, which follow "international obligations". International aviation law includes international obligations that governments are committed to complying with. Requirements of governments include; "Governance obligations such as the obligation to cooperate and legislate" (Do's) and "the obligation to abandon prohibited acts and prevent and deal with violators of the rules" (don'ts). The author's purpose in presenting the issues and topics of the forthcoming article is how civil liability, acceptance and commitment to international treaties and conventions, along with the oversight actions of national airlines, can improve the safety and security of airlines and airports? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Health and Safety Factors Affecting on Management of Nutrition Part in Social Security Hospitals with Approach of Modeling Structural Equations
esa fathi Amir Ashkan Nasiripour nader khalesi Reza Ziyari

Introduction: this study done to determine and provide a model for explaining the role and importance of the components needed In Social Security Hospitals due to importance of safety and health factors in the optimal management of nutrition part in hospitals and the la More

Introduction: this study done to determine and provide a model for explaining the role and importance of the components needed In Social Security Hospitals due to importance of safety and health factors in the optimal management of nutrition part in hospitals and the lack of clarity on the impact of these factors on the preparation, production and distribution of healthy food. Methods: type of this study was qualitative - quantitative. The research population consisted of managers of hospitals, environmental health experts and nutrition experts. The data collection tool was an information form, that was a Social Security treatment checklist that completed by direct observation and interviewing. Data collected using a questionnaire including 15 questions that gathered in three areas. Use of SPSS software and AMOS Software analyzed with approach of modeling structural equations. Results: In this study, 3 aspects identified that included safety and health, monitoring and control, and human resources. Obtained Fitness was very close to unit, indicated the strength of the model's one dimensional. Based on the confirmatory factor analysis, "good food storage" in proper temperature and " Inappropriate storage conditions for raw materials "had the highest and the least effect among safety and health factors with coefficients of 0.753 and 0.554 , Respectively . Conclusion: In order to better manage of nutrition section in hospitals, while emphasizing on issues of health and safety, it is necessary to consider other influential factors and this will be applied in the future planning of the managers of social security hospitals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Effective Components on Promoting Patient Safety Culture at Fayazbakhsh Hospital
maryam zareh moayedi Somayeh hesam

Introduction: One of the four essential components of each organization is its culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective factors on promoting the safety culture of the patient in the Fayazbakhsh Hospital. Methods: The present study was descriptiv More

Introduction: One of the four essential components of each organization is its culture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effective factors on promoting the safety culture of the patient in the Fayazbakhsh Hospital. Methods: The present study was descriptive-correlational and applied in terms of its purpose. The statistical population of the nurses of Fayazbakhsh Hospital was 345 and the sample size was 181. The research tool was a HSOPSC questionnaire which was confirmed in previous studies with verified factor analysis (GFI=0.96) and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (α=0.82). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-sample t-test and SPSS22 software. Results: According to the findings of the research in Fayazbakhsh Hospital, the Components of team work in one unit (p=0.00, t=27.66), management expectations and management measures (p=0.00, t=14.12), a general understanding of Patient safety (p=0.001, t=6.6), staffing issues (p=0.001, t=3.81), our teamwork between organizational units (p=0.00, t=9.78), and the exchange and transmission of information (p=0.001, t=11.47) are effective in improving the safety culture as well as organizational learning components (p=0. 100, t=1.65) Management support of patient safety (p=0.001, t=-11.25), communication and feedback feedback (p=0.289, t=-1.63), reporting frequency of events (P=0.059, t=-1.90), openness of communication channels (p=0.00, t=-4.219) and non-punitive encounter with the incident event (p=0.00, t=-9.40) is not effective in promoting patient safety culture. Conclusion: If hospital managers find obstacles and problems in this dimension to further increase these dimensions, there will be significant results in relation to patient safety culture in hospital in the long run.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Operating Room Safety Status Based on Patient Safety Friendly Hospitals Standards at Ardabil University Hospitals
Mohammad Mehrtak Abdollah Mahdavi Kamal Ebrahimi اعظم نصراللهی Abbas Sorkhi

Introduction Patient safety is an important global concern in all areas of health care services. The purpose of safety in the operating room is to provide the safety of the operating staff and the safety of the disease undergoing surgery. Considering the special importa More

Introduction Patient safety is an important global concern in all areas of health care services. The purpose of safety in the operating room is to provide the safety of the operating staff and the safety of the disease undergoing surgery. Considering the special importance of patient safety in the operating room, this study was conducted with the aim of Operating Room Safety Status Based on Patient Safety Friendly Hospital Standards at Ardabil University Hospitals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of all 57 operating room personnel of three university hospitals in Ardabil in 1396. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire of the WHO Patient Safety Friendly Hospital. Validity and reliability of this questionnaire has been confirmed in numerous studies. Data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS 18 software program. Results: According to the Patient Safety Friendly Hospital Standards, IMAM KHOMEINI Hospital with a score mean %82, ALAVI with a score %84 and FATEMI with a score %77 were in good condition. Conclusion: given the importance of the subject, although the safety conditions of the hospitals studied were good, it seems, it should be continually included in the managers' plans, trying to achieve higher levels of Patient Safety Friendly Hospital Standards. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Prioritization of Patient Safety Management Performance Assessment Criteria in Healthcare Centers
shabnam Azimi hosseini Nabiollah Mansouri Reza Azizinezhad Hassan Karimzadegan

Introduction: Unsafe health services are still a widespread global problem. Although significant progress has been made in the last decade, there are still numerous shortcomings and the rate of harm inflicted on patients is unacceptably high. Since the evaluation of med More

Introduction: Unsafe health services are still a widespread global problem. Although significant progress has been made in the last decade, there are still numerous shortcomings and the rate of harm inflicted on patients is unacceptably high. Since the evaluation of medical centers leads to improved performance, increased health, reduced accidents and ultimately increased patient satisfaction as one of the most important stakeholders of these centers, the existence of evaluation criteria is essential. No study was found to introduce and prioritize these criteria. Methods: By reviewing the most important methods of evaluation of healthcare centers, criteria related to patient safety are extracted and their importance is determined using the opinion of experts and through entropy method. Results: The findings of this study led to the establishment of a database of patient safety management criteria that the health and infection control criteria in all evaluation methods have been mentioned. Finally, the mentioned cases were grouped and prioritized to 19 criteria that the criteria of medical facilities and patient monitoring and patient safety management gained the most important position from the perspective of research experts by gaining weights of 0.0987 and 0.0855, respectively. Conclusion: In the evaluation methods and studies, different criteria in the field of patient safety management have been presented, the collection and review of which provide a suitable context for the establishment of a comprehensive evaluation method. Therefore, the results of this research can be used for self-assessment, comparison of different centers and thus improving performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Review of Pharmacy Accreditation Program Models: A Review and Narrative Study
shahram akbari kamran hajinabi laila riahi

Introduction: Utilizing optimal accreditation practices in pharmacies can be considered as a way to move towards improving quality and optimal health outcomes. The aim of this study was to review the models of pharmacy accreditation program. Methods: To conduct this re More

Introduction: Utilizing optimal accreditation practices in pharmacies can be considered as a way to move towards improving quality and optimal health outcomes. The aim of this study was to review the models of pharmacy accreditation program. Methods: To conduct this research, regular searches were performed from the databases of SID, Pub Med, Google Scholar, WHO and the sites of reputable organizations, using the keywords accreditation program, pharmacy and model and their Persian equivalents according to the inclusion and exit criteria of the definition. The output was 1217 sources and articles, of which 199 were related to the study. Based on the purpose of the study, the found sources were refined and finally 9 models were reviewed. Dimensions and items of the models were identified, and during 2 stages of comparative study, dimensions and items that were similar in at least two models were extracted. Results: The results of this study were a review of 9 pharmacy accreditation models, Dimensions that were similar between the models included 9 dimensions of quality improvement, safety, service delivery, information management, human resource development, physical space, rules and regulations, facilities and requirements, and management of operations and 41 relevant items. Quality and safety dimension had the most in common in pharmacy accreditation program models. Conclusions: Pharmacy accreditation models place more emphasis on the 9 dimensions and due to having important indicators such as quality and safety, it has the necessary comprehensiveness to lead the pharmacy towards organizational excellence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Construction and Standardization of Performance Evaluation test of Health, Safety and Environment Management Systems of Industrial Sector Contractors
Hamed Yeganeh hossein Parvaresh mohsen dehghani mahmood soltani

10.30495/jhm.2022.65791.11022

Introduction: Performance appraisal has always been a fundamental and important process for all organizations, especially for the health, safety and environmental management systems of industrial contractors. The aim of the present study is to construct and determine th More

Introduction: Performance appraisal has always been a fundamental and important process for all organizations, especially for the health, safety and environmental management systems of industrial contractors. The aim of the present study is to construct and determine the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire of performance evaluation of health، safety and environmental management systems of steel contractors. Methods: The method of this research is qualitative and quantitative. In the quantitative section، the statistical population included all professors who have research research on the subject، which were selected by the available samples. The collection method in the qualitative section included interviewing and reviewing existing articles. In the quantitative section، the statistical population included all of HSE experts who were selected by cluster sampling of 350 people based on Cochran's formula. The research information was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire based on the qualitative section. Content validation methods، convergence and factor analysis were used to evaluate the validity of the scale. The reliability of the scale was assessed by internal consistency and purity reliability methods. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to analyze the data using SPSS software version 22 and LISREL version 8. Results: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that the researcher-made questionnaire consisted of seven factors and its validity was in the range of 80 to 100% and reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method of 0.91. The second-order confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the seven-factor model. This questionnaire was implemented along with the short form of HSE performance evaluation scale for petrochemical contractors، which had a good reliability and validity with 65 items. Conclution: In the present study, a model for evaluating the performance of health, safety and environment management systems of industrial contractors was presented. The developed items are able to evaluate the performance of health, safety and environment management systems of industrial sector contractors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - The Effect of Accreditation Interventions on Patient Safety Measurement in Operating Rooms of one of Tehran Social Security Hospitals
Zeinolabedin Aghaee Talikani Leila Riahi Amir Ashkan Nasiripour

10.30495/jhm.2022.68090.11050

Introduction: Accreditation means the systematic evaluation of health care centers with specific standards. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of accreditation interventions on patient safety measurement in operating rooms of one of the soci More

Introduction: Accreditation means the systematic evaluation of health care centers with specific standards. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of accreditation interventions on patient safety measurement in operating rooms of one of the social security hospitals in Tehran.Methods: The present study is cross-sectional in terms of result, application and implementation method, analytical and time. The statistical population is information sources related to the patient safety measure and its sampling is in the period 1391-1399. The sampling method is numerical and includes all the information related to this time period. Data collection tools are receipts that have been extracted by library method from data sources and data centers in coordination with the Quality Improvement Office and the hospital statistics unit. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and intermittent time series analysis method.Results: Findings of time series analysis, research has been reported in three forms of incremental effect, decreasing effect and ineffectiveness of the accreditation scheme of the scales. In the patient's safety measure, the results of the fragmentary regression table showed that at the beginning of the study period, the average patient's safety measure was 76.34%. Monthly changes in patient's safety measure were not significant before the intervention (P = 0.43). After the intervention, the mean level of the patient's safety measure did not change suddenly and significantly (P = 0.42). Also, the difference in the trend (slope) of the patient's safety measure before and after the intervention did not change significantly (P = 0.31). But the results showed that after the first intervention, the trend (slope) of the patient's average safety measurement changed significantly (P = 0.000); So that the patient's safety measure after the first intervention has increased seasonally by 1.06%. In general, the results of the study have shown that, as a result of the implementation of the accreditation scheme, the patient's safety measure has increased.Conclusion: The results show that the implementation of accreditation measures has an effect on patient safety measures. The number of significant measures from 2016 to 2016 shows that the third and fourth editions of the national accreditation standards of Iranian hospitals have been effective. Based on the analyzes performed, it is recommended that the patient's safety measure be increased after the first intervention. Therefore, the implementation of accreditation in hospitals is recommended to managers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Assessment of Operational Efficiency of Commercial Banks in India Using Cost to Income Ratio Approach
S. Hussain

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - The safety-related cost engineering in work environments from the management accounting approach and using modern performance measurement Systems
Roya Monem Mozhgan Saeidi

Recently, professional and highly skilled man power is the most valuable possession in any given organization, and that is why it is so essential to prepare a suitable and safe work environment .Then it is most of the importance to be focused on cost engineering in safe More

Recently, professional and highly skilled man power is the most valuable possession in any given organization, and that is why it is so essential to prepare a suitable and safe work environment .Then it is most of the importance to be focused on cost engineering in safety aspects, through benefit-to-cost opinion and consequently a logic and effective measurement of performance .Accordingly, this article is focused on safety cost measuring systems and designing cost evaluating routines, also how to use these kinds of information in decision- making and performance measurement system in organizations .Cost evaluating, is the main method uses to assessment the safety related costs in work environment, which calculate the cost of every single damage (cost per injury) or an overall cost of an accident. However, management accounting must treat some non-monetory aspects as well, the concepts like how much safe the staff do feel and how to increase the safety in general. In safety related investments, although the costs are known, the assessment of monetary value of the benefits is too difficult, and then using the modern performance measurement methods like Balanced Scorecard approach is necessary .The article also has a glance on the ability of commencing the peculiar management accounting methods oriented in safety decision making and using them in improvement the conventional routines. These methods are Balanced Scorecard approach the payback period and benefit-to-cost analysis. The valuing of human life also argues with in benefit-to-cost analysis . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Introducing a cost-effective engineering model for increasing productivity indicators
Mehrdad masoudnejad Morteza Rayati Damavandi Seros Gholampoor Dahaki

The importance and role of human resources in organizations and enterprises, economic and industrial as the stimulus of the economic cycle of the society is not at all anybody. But today, work-related accidents, as one of the key factors in the loss of efficient human r More

The importance and role of human resources in organizations and enterprises, economic and industrial as the stimulus of the economic cycle of the society is not at all anybody. But today, work-related accidents, as one of the key factors in the loss of efficient human resources and the loss of capital and time, are a threat to the development and development of any country. These incidents have a huge impact on the productivity of various industry workers and ultimately on the economy of society.In most of the studies, cost estimates have often been used to calculate the costs of safety in the workplace, and usually the cost of any damage or cost of the entire accident is calculated, and despite the importance of reducing productivity from work-related accidents , This important is still ignored. Therefore, in the present study, a multi-criteria decision-making methodology for presenting a cost-effective engineering model based on productivity indicators has been used. The results of this study showed that, according to the criteria, the priority of conducting classes and training courses, creation of safety regulations in administrative and manufacturing departments, investment in medical care, safety equipment and machinery purchase, equipment and technology The newest have the greatest impact on engineering safety costs based on productivity indicators Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Analysis of Limits of Safety and Optimal positioning of Fire Stations By Using GIS (Case Study : Rasht )
عیسی پوررمضان فرهاد جوان

. Timely and reliable service requires the establishment of these stations is in place that can help without facing any obstacles to urban services and safety act. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation of safety and rescue services in the city of More

. Timely and reliable service requires the establishment of these stations is in place that can help without facing any obstacles to urban services and safety act. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation of safety and rescue services in the city of Rasht, and offer optimal locations of fire stations in the city of Rasht in order to meet the needs and safety of service deficiencies. The research was descriptive - analytical data required from official documents, surveys and local data.The population of the geographic area of the city of Rasht and according to the official census in 1390, has a population of over 639, 951 people and the number and distribution of fire stations are faced with problems.The results showed that first, the safety of existing fire stations, is not able to cover all areas of Rasht. Then, the factors of population, distance from the fire station, away from the main streets, bare land, far from the centers of fire and emergency locating base stations have been effective in the analysis of the status quo. Finally, based on weighted criteria using GIS, identified three priority areas for the constructionoffirestations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - The impact of security and vitality of the urban space on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Karaj
Mahdi Lotfi Rahim Sarvar Ali Tavakolan

10.30495/sarzamin.2023.74839.2114

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of security and vitality of the urban space on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Shahr Karaj. This research was applied and its method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical populati More

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of security and vitality of the urban space on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Shahr Karaj. This research was applied and its method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was all the residents of Karaj (1,592,492 people), out of which 384 people were selected as a sample using Cochran's sample size formula. The tool used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire.The findings of the research have shown that the relationship between the safety and security and the vitality of urban spaces with the development of citizenship relations among the citizens of Karaj is significant, and in the meantime, according to the values of the correlation coefficient, the relationship between the vitality of urban spaces and the development of citizenship relationships is more intense. . Also, the statistical characteristic of the regression has also shown that 43.5% of the variance related to the development of citizenship relations among the residents of Shahr Karaj is explained by the variables of safety and security, liveliness and readability. that the vitality variable of urban spaces has the highest impact factor and safety and security has the lowest factor. The safety and security of the urban space has had an impact on the development of citizen relations on Gohardasht street in Shahr Karaj, which has a significant impact factor. In addition, among the two investigated variables (safety and vitality), the safety variable had the least impact on the relationship of citizenship. The vitality of the urban space has had an impact on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Shahr Karaj, and its impact coefficient is also significant. In addition, among the two investigated variables (safety and liveliness), the liveliness variable has had the greatest impact on citizen communication, the result is that the liveliness of urban spaces, especially in Gohar-Dasht Karaj Street, has had an impact on the social communication of citizens. Because when the space has the necessary vitality, a person's presence in this space creates a feeling of happiness and joy in him, which leads to establishing a relationship with others. This happiness has led to the strengthening of the sense of belonging to the city in the citizens, and since it satisfies a natural need, it will give him a sense of happiness in life. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - The Survey of Frost and Sliding in Sanandaj and Hamadan by Using Climatic conditions Matrix
حسین Mohammadi پیمان Mahmoudi

Climatic factor and atmospheric phenomenas are the most effective factors ontransportation safety, and frost is most dangerous between them. It was used climaticconditions Matrix for temporal and spatial study frost phenomenas on Sanandaj-Hamadan Road. In this regard, i More

Climatic factor and atmospheric phenomenas are the most effective factors ontransportation safety, and frost is most dangerous between them. It was used climaticconditions Matrix for temporal and spatial study frost phenomenas on Sanandaj-Hamadan Road. In this regard, it was collected and analyzed 3 temperature,precipitation and relative humidity daily data parameter of Sanandaj, Hamadan andGhorveh Synoptic Stations.Based on climatic conditions, N5 Atmospheric Situation and N6 are dangerouscondition for vehicle and transportation safety with concentrating Janiuary (9 days),Febrvary (5 days) and December (4 days) on Sanandaj- Hamadan Road. The start ofregional frost is late of September and March is ended, but hazardous frost for roadsafety is December. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Safety and Security in Urban spaces with Passive defense approach Case Study: Region 5 of Tehran Metropolitan
حسن کامران طاهر پریزادی امیرحسین صحرایی حسن حسینی امینی

Security of citizens affected by social factors and environment in urban spaces is part of the human environment are due to the type of construction and arrangement of furniture and architectural coatings and facade lighting insecurity they are operating effectively in More

Security of citizens affected by social factors and environment in urban spaces is part of the human environment are due to the type of construction and arrangement of furniture and architectural coatings and facade lighting insecurity they are operating effectively in the other hand, lack of attention to the safety of urban infrastructure security to citizens would endanger this study to analyze factors affecting security and insecurity in urban areas of five regions of Tehran, has been discussed. These places include streets, thoroughfares, squares, city centers are recreational equipment installations. Method: Data from two libraries have been collecting and field. Field data questionnaire with random sampling and sample size of 100 residents of five regions is obtained. Results: Results show the most important factor five regional insecurity in the streets of Tehran, about 29 percent of the vehicles are. Main cause of insecurity in the network places, crowding over some parts of southern and northern zone 5 is crowded. Main cause of insecurity in the region fields, the presence of vehicles in these spaces with 32 percent of the vote is. Present operating thugs and drug dealers, to obtain 35 percent of the comments; the insecurity in the recreation center was the first priority. Conclusion: the security presence of spaces and interactive relationship citizens has with each other. Security in urban areas, more citizens to participate in the urban environment helps social communication and therefore the presence of civilians also is increased security in urban spaces.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - The relationship between the “urban spatial structure and permeability” and the rate of social safety according to citizen’s opinions and on the basis of CPTED model (Case study: Karaj)
روزبه Khelghatdoost افسانه Zamanimoghadam سیده تناز Shamsabadi

Introduction and purpose of research: This research was performed with the total purpose of improving social safety in cities by using the design of the urban spatial structure and permeability which is one of the main components of urban designing. Specific goal of thi More

Introduction and purpose of research: This research was performed with the total purpose of improving social safety in cities by using the design of the urban spatial structure and permeability which is one of the main components of urban designing. Specific goal of this research was determining the relationship between the "urban spatial structure and permeability" and the rate of the social safety. For this purpose, it is hypothesized that there is a relationship between this component and the rate of social safety. Method of research: Statistical population of this research are the residences of ten municipality regions of Karaj and the population size is 1732275 on the basis of the population and housing census which was held by Iran Statistics Center in 2006. The sampling method was stratified random sampling and the minimum size of the sample was 384 samples on the basis of the Krejcie-Morgan table. Eventually, data was collected by using library and field study methods, and was processed and analyzed by using SPSS statistical analysis software and the relationships between these data were tested. Findings: The results of the research show that there is a strong relationship between the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability” and social safety. Furthermore, improvement of the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability” results in the decrease of the fields of criminal actions in the society and consequently, increase of the rate social safety. Conclusion: Because the hypotheses of the research were verified, it seems that we can decrease the fields of criminal actions in the society and increase the rate of social safety by improving and re-designing the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability”. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Measuring and Evaluating the Immune Status of the University's Central Library of Tehran
آرزو Maghsoudi هاجر Zarei سید محمد Alavi

Purpose and aim: The aim of this study was to assess the safety, occupational health and safety in the University Central Library is located in Tehran. Method: This study is a descriptive survey. The study included 18 central libraries and free public universities in Te More

Purpose and aim: The aim of this study was to assess the safety, occupational health and safety in the University Central Library is located in Tehran. Method: This study is a descriptive survey. The study included 18 central libraries and free public universities in Tehran using a researcher made questionnaire data were collected with 5 of safety and security library Narrative research with professors and professionals to investigate the validity and reliability coefficient Cronbach's alpha(0/963) was approved. The data obtained from the questionnaires using SPSS and Excel and descriptive statistics techniques such as frequency tables, draw, and circular histograms were analyzed. Components of Friedman test was used to rank. Finding: The results showed that the mean compliance of safety measures,  5% of the libraries in very bad condition, 14% in poor condition, 24 percent of the state average, 28% In good condition and 2% in very good condition is obtained in 27% of libraries improper safety measures. Ranking of factors indicate that the components of fire safety, building physics, the conservation of biological damage, ventilation, protection against physical damage sources have the highest rank. Conclusion: Measurement of immunity in university libraries in Tehran does not fully comply with the safety component is mainly in respect of each component did not succeed, and are not in good condition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Evaluation of safety indicators in sports uses located in urban parks (Case study: District 4 of Tehran Municipality)
Mahyasadat Farazandeh Mehr seyed mostafa tayebisani Susan Sahami ali fahimi

10.30495/ums.2023.21832

Introduction and purpose of the research: Compliance with safety considerations is considered as one of the most important principles of managing sports venues and spaces. The purpose of this research is to evaluate sports safety indicators in urban parks in Tehran.Rese More

Introduction and purpose of the research: Compliance with safety considerations is considered as one of the most important principles of managing sports venues and spaces. The purpose of this research is to evaluate sports safety indicators in urban parks in Tehran.Research Method: The present research is of the type of applied research and in terms of the method of data collection, it is descriptive-survey. Five parks were selected as study sites. Eduard & Nikolay (2014) adjusted assessment checklist was used to determine the safety status in the sports spaces of the studied parks. In order to ensure the accuracy of the evaluation, 8 experts and safety experts participated as a Delphi panel. Finally, 25 indicators were considered for evaluation. The average score is declared as the final result.Research Findings: In total, the index "possibility of presence of ambulance and rescue equipment in the sports field" has the highest rank with an average score of 3.4. On the other hand, the lowest average score in the total number of parks was assigned to 2 indicators "the presence of a fire alarm system in the sports arena" and "the presence of a permanent paramedic or a resident doctor" with a score of 1. Lavizan Park ranked first with an average score of 2.6, followed by Yas Park with an average score of 2.28. Police, Sepah and Sahel parks were ranked third to fifth with an average score of 2.27, 2.01 and 1.87 respectively.Conclusion: The parks of District 4 of Tehran municipality do not have a favorable sports safety status and it is necessary for the urban administration of Tehran and especially the studied area to pay special attention to improving the safety level in them.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Participatory and Social Approach to Create a Safe Urban Space
الهام ضابطیان زهرا خدائی

Security is a primary and essential right of all people in societies and citizens, and of course the concept of security must be expressed in two dimensions of mental and objective. These two dimensions affect each other completely, and can not be studied separately. In More

Security is a primary and essential right of all people in societies and citizens, and of course the concept of security must be expressed in two dimensions of mental and objective. These two dimensions affect each other completely, and can not be studied separately. In fact, the concept of "security" and understanding it in all aspects (physical, social, psychological, and ...) is difficult and therefore promoting it will also be difficult.It is also clear that the army and multiplicity of police and guard forces for a space alone can not guarantee security of the city and of course designing a city alone cannot establish the security in the city. It is clear that prevention of such offenses in any way and establishing the security is more convenient and easier than defeating the crimes. But physical and social interventions can have a parallel effect on the atmosphere and urban public space and can change the citizens' feeling safe and understanding about their environment and their actual presence in the city. But one of the factors motivating this action is the citizens themselves. They are all aware of their dangerous environment and can provide a safe environment for themselves by an active cooperation by with urban planners. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - factors affecting farmers’excessive use of application chemical pesticides and Analyzing the self-protective behavioure about the use of chemical pesticides (Case Study: Zanjan province)
Nafiseh Salahi Moghadam rohollah rezaei Aurang Kavousi

Increased mortality and morbidity of humans due to unsafe use of chemical pesticides are the most serious occupational hazards faced by farmers in developing countries. As such, The purpose of this research was to investigation of factors affecting farmers’ excess More

Increased mortality and morbidity of humans due to unsafe use of chemical pesticides are the most serious occupational hazards faced by farmers in developing countries. As such, The purpose of this research was to investigation of factors affecting farmers’ excessive use of application pesticides and identify barriers to farmers’ usage of self-protective behavioure about the use of chemical pesticides in Zanjan province. The statistical population of this study consisted of the thematic experts in Zanjan province of which 20 persons were selected using the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The software of MAXQDA 12 was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that the main factors affecting the farmers’ excessive use of application pesticides were cognitive-informational weakness, educational-extensional services weakness, Characteristic of chemical pest control methods, supportive weakness and personal factors. Additionally, the results of the study indicated that the variables Lack of attention of the government and relevant organizations to farmers' health, health culture weakness among farmers, economic factors, personal factors, information weakness and Individual protection equipment barriers effected self-protective behaviors of farmers in the use of pesticides. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Peri-urban agriculture and its effect on food security:Analysis of the viewpoint of Farmers in suburbs of Noorabad-e-Mamassani city
Marzieh Kiani Mostafa Ahmadvand Maryam Sharifzadeh

10.30495/jaeer.2023.44203.10744

Today, considerable interest in urban agriculture is being manifested by policy makers, government agencies and academics due to its contribution to food security and poverty alleviation in cities. Therefore, this research has evaluated the farmers’ viewpoints reg More

Today, considerable interest in urban agriculture is being manifested by policy makers, government agencies and academics due to its contribution to food security and poverty alleviation in cities. Therefore, this research has evaluated the farmers’ viewpoints regarding peri-urban agriculture in Noorabad city with an emphasis on the dimensions of food security. The study population consisted of peri-urban farmers of Noorabad who had at least two hectares of cultivated land. Based on the sampling table of Bartlett and colleague, 123 people were selected and distributed randomly with proportional assignment. The findings showed that the studied farmers evaluated urban agriculture in improving the dimensions of effective food security, but the diversity of views was seen among them. Therefore, the studied farmers were classified into two groups (negative evaluator and positive evaluator) using cluster analysis. The findings also showed that these two groups have different attitudes toward urban agriculture. On the other hand, the results showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between the impact of urban agriculture on improving the dimensions of food security (availability, availability, utilization and stability) with the attitude towards urban agriculture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Analyzing the Safety Behavioure of Summer Crop Farmers in Andimeshk Township in using Chemical Pesticides
Samira Ghalavandi Azadeh Norolah Noorivandi Ahmad Reza Ommani

Agriculture is the world's high-risk jobs. Workers in this sector are at risk of events and diseases. One factor that threatens the health of farmers is chemical toxins. Farmers are required to deal with the complications and diseases caused by it to apply certain safet More

Agriculture is the world's high-risk jobs. Workers in this sector are at risk of events and diseases. One factor that threatens the health of farmers is chemical toxins. Farmers are required to deal with the complications and diseases caused by it to apply certain safety behaviors. The purpose of this research was analyzing the safety behavioure of summer crop farmers in Andimeshk Township about the use of chemical pesticides. The method of research was descriptive and correlative. This research was conducted through a survey. The population was summer crop farmers in Andimeshk township (N= 850). By Cochran formula one hundred sixty five persons as sample size was selected. Validity based on the panel of experts was confirmed and its reliability through a pilot test and Cronbach's alpha was calculated. SPSS22 software was used to analyze the data.The mean safety behaviour of respondents was 2.176 of 5 and with a standard deviation 0.89, that indicated poor safety behaviour of farmers. The correlation between the level of technical knowledge, the level of annual income, the amount of arable land, social participation, social status, attitude to the use of chemical pesticides and the safety behavioure of summer crop farmers had a significant relationship. As well as different levels of the safety behavioure of summer crop farmers by participation in educational and extension classes at 95%, there was a significantdifference. Regarding the importance of safe behaviour, it is essential planner of extension activities consider it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - The Role of Early Splitting in Contamination of Pistachio Nuts by Aspergillus Species and Aflatoxin in Kerman Province
seyed reza fani mohammad moradi ali tajabadipour roza dargahi mansoureh mir abolfathi

Introduction: Early splitting Pistachio nuts in is one of the critical sources of aflatoxin contamination before and during harvest. In this research work physical characteristics,fungal, pest and aflatoxin contaminations were evaluated in early splitting pistachios.Mat More

Introduction: Early splitting Pistachio nuts in is one of the critical sources of aflatoxin contamination before and during harvest. In this research work physical characteristics,fungal, pest and aflatoxin contaminations were evaluated in early splitting pistachios.Materials and Methods: Physical characteristics, fungal contamination and aflatoxin content were assessed in pistachio nuts employing advanced methods. This study was carried-out using three varieties of commercial nuts consisted of Ohadi, Kalleghoochi and Ahmadaghaii.The data was analyzed in a randomized complete block design using Mstatc statistical analysis software.Results: The highest levels of Aspergillus infection was observed in early splitting pistachios with dry and semi-dry hull. These pistachios also had the highest levels of carob moth infestation and shell staining as well as low kernel weights. In early splitting pistachios with soft hull the fungal infection, carob moth and shell staining were 0.75-10.3%, 1.5- 9.5% and 21.5- 44.1% respectively. This indicates the critical effects of early splitting pistachios as well as the risk of aflatoxin formation. The results showed that the levels of Aspergillus infection are increased by the presence of carob moth and ants, while there was low kernel weight. Aflatoxin was not detected in pistachio with healthy hulls. On the other hand, shell and kernel of early splitting pistachios contain different levels of aflatoxins (P<0.05). Aspergillus flavus isolates was alike to produce 67% aflatoxins B1 and B2 and 24% aflatoxins B1 and 9% were nontoxigenic.Conclusion: Sorting out early splitting pistachios based on physical and appearance characteristics would reduce the levels of aflatoxins during or after processing. Early peaking is a critical factor to reduce fungal and aflatoxin contaminations. About 95% and 5% of aflatoxin contents were related to kernel and shell, respectively. Therefore, assessing the risk of contamination should be based on kernels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - An Overview on Edible Oils with Integrity Approach
Z. Piravi Vanak

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Investigating Viewpoint of Citizens about the Status of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) in the Urban Parks of Yazd
Maryam Jafari Najafabadi Hamid Sodaiezadeh

10.22034/jest.2020.24291.3335

Background and Objective: Strengthening urban green space, providing tranquility for people living in the city and spending leisure time in parks is a feature of urban parks, and on the other hand with the focus of the urban population, attention to health, safety and e More

Background and Objective: Strengthening urban green space, providing tranquility for people living in the city and spending leisure time in parks is a feature of urban parks, and on the other hand with the focus of the urban population, attention to health, safety and environmental issues in the park, urban development is of particular importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate and determine people's views on health, safety and environmental issues of the city park in order to ultimately use the results for better urban management and promotion of safety, health and environmental indicators of Yazd city parks. Method: Therefore, after determining the factors affecting the safety, health and environment of urban parks through library studies and activities previously carried out to receipt of the citizens’ opinion  about the health, safety and the environment of a number of important parks in Yazd, the questionnaire method was used and  the results were analyzed by SPSS 22. Findings: Results show that people opinion about environmental, health and safety indices are obtained about 69.2%, 67% and 62.4%, recpectively. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the importance of Health, Safety and Environment in urban places, editing documents and comprehensive framework in the field of Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) and the control and monitoring of these factors is an effective step to solve problems that urban planners have, consequently the pass to sustainable development will be easier. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Safety and biological factor Assessment in crisis management of urban tunnel
Leila Abbaszadeh Tavassoli Azadeh Nekooei Esfahani Hasti Borgheipour

10.22034/jest.2021.37916.4389

Background and Objective: Urban Expansion and problems regarding urban life raise the necessity of providing actionable strategies to improve urban inhabitants’ life. Today, with increasing tunnel constructions, safety in tunnels has been the issue for engineers, More

Background and Objective: Urban Expansion and problems regarding urban life raise the necessity of providing actionable strategies to improve urban inhabitants’ life. Today, with increasing tunnel constructions, safety in tunnels has been the issue for engineers, government officials and authorities. In order to standardize and safety enhancement, safety assessment is the first priority to adopt relevant measures to improve safety level in tunnels. Generally, regarding to the limited spaces in urban tunnels, accidents in tunnels may result in more critical conditions. Occurring of these accidents may disturb the tunnel’s function, which may lead to fire, respiratory problems etc. Given to critical condition after the accidents, therefore, it is required to adopt appropriates methods for safety factor assessment in crisis management of tunnels. The present study address safety and biological factor assessment in crisis management of urban tunnels after that we would investigate the differences between Tohid, Resalat and Shohadaie Qazeh tunnels. Method: To analyze data, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been used. Findings: The highest level of risk associated with Tohid tunnel and the lowest level of risk associated with Shohadaie Qazeh tunnels. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of research in 1396 show that the ventilation system has the highest weight and drainage has the lowest weight and Tohid tunnel has the first rank.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Spatial Analysis of Safe Areas Based of Earthquake Risk Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Fuzzy Logic: (The Case Study on District 20 of Tehran)
Ali Hosseini Sayed Amir Fatahiyan Javad Malakan

10.30495/jest.2020.22056.3109

Background and purpose: Due to vicinity to several active faults, Tehran is treated by earthquake occurrence. The district 20 of Tehran (Rey City), where is situated in north part of central Iran, has been found as the most dangerous district which has the most blighted More

Background and purpose: Due to vicinity to several active faults, Tehran is treated by earthquake occurrence. The district 20 of Tehran (Rey City), where is situated in north part of central Iran, has been found as the most dangerous district which has the most blighted areas too. Assessment of earthquake risk and recognize safe and secure regions in district 20 of Tehran is this study’s purpose. Methodology: The study is an applied research model. So in this goal oriented research which has been done by descriptive analytic method, GIS and fuzzy logic and multi-criteria decision-making methods were used. The criteria which are been used in this study have been extracted based on the Delphi method and through snowball technique and based on district’s situation. Results: According to results, the district 20, has achieved a scores of 0.17 to 0.58 out of a fuzzy total score (1 score).It shows its moderate level of safety against prop gable earthquake. In contrast with the main parts of district, there are some regions in the western, southwestern and northern parts of mentioned district where are almost safer and more secure. Discussion and conclusion: Because of various faults and urban blight areas, the district 20 of Tehran is treated seriously by earthquakes. It is really vital to take some actions to implement some essential and fundamental proceedings in order to reduce the probable damages. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Investigating the Determining Determinants in the Feasibility of Establishing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System in Iranian Government Organizations (Case study of government offices in Kerman province)
esmaeil kahoori pour Aflatun Amiri saeed sayadi zahra shokuh sanjar salajeghe

10.30495/jest.2021.51691.5036

Background and Objectives: Feasibility studies are a tool that can increase the clarity of the conditions for planners. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective and determinant factors in the feasibility of establishment of occupational health and safety m More

Background and Objectives: Feasibility studies are a tool that can increase the clarity of the conditions for planners. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective and determinant factors in the feasibility of establishment of occupational health and safety management system in Iranian governmental organizations.Method: This research is an applied research in terms of purpose and is in the category of applied development research. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups. The first group consisted of 30 experts and the second group consisted of all employees of governmental organizations in Kerman province with 77528 persons that the sample size in this area was determined using Cochran formula of 384 individuals. This research was conducted in 1398.The research instrument is a researcher-made questionnaire on the feasibility of establishing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System whose validity has been confirmed by experts and its reliability has been confirmed in order to Cronbach's alpha value for feasibility variable for occupational health and safety management system deployment is 0.986. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Smart Pls.Findings: The findings of the study indicate that intra-organizational and intra-organizational contextual factors and their components have a favorable status and their impact on the feasibility of establishing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System is positive and significant. Technological and temporal factors had the highest ratings with external ratings of 4.24 and 4.17, respectively, and leadership and information style factors with the average ratings of 4.38 and 4.31, respectively, they were the highest among the factors within the organization.Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the factors considered in the present study and considering the strengths and weaknesses of these factors can greatly clarify the path towards the establishment of occupational health and safety management system in Iranian governmental organizations.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Designing and Explaining the Feasibility Study of Establishing an Occupational Safety and Health Management System in Iranian Government Organizations (Case Study: Government Offices in Kerman Province)
esmaeil kahoori pour Aflatun Amiri saeed sayadi

10.30495/jest.2022.61021.5397

Background and Objective: The category of occupational health and safety management, which is one of the most necessary and legal requirements of the workplace, includes a wide range of issues, standards, programs, instructions and sometimes strategic assignments, which More

Background and Objective: The category of occupational health and safety management, which is one of the most necessary and legal requirements of the workplace, includes a wide range of issues, standards, programs, instructions and sometimes strategic assignments, which can only be implemented through the systematic application of methods. Appropriate management will be possible. The purpose of this study is to design a feasibility model for the establishment of occupational safety and health management system in Iranian government organizations.Material and Methodology: This research is an applied research in terms of purpose and is in the category of applied developmental research. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups. The first group is 40 experts and the second group is all employees of government organizations in Kerman province with a volume of 77528 people. The sample size in this field was determined to be 384 people using Cochran's formula. The research instrument is two questionnaires: effective and determining factors in designing the model of occupational safety and health management system and predisposing factors in feasibility of establishing occupational safety and health management system, the validity and reliability of which by Kahouripour et al. In government organizations Iran has been evaluated and approved, so that the value of Cronbach's alpha for the variable of occupational safety and health management system is equal to 0.992 and for the variable of feasibility of the establishment of occupational safety and health management system is equal to 0.986. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Smart Pls software.Findings: Based on the research findings, the designed model regarding the feasibility of establishing an occupational safety and health management system in Iranian government organizations has been approved. Their components have a positive and significant effect on the feasibility of establishing an occupational safety and health management system.Disscotion & Conclusion: Considering the comprehensiveness of the research, the results of this research can be considered as a tool for empowering managers in the field of up-to-date knowledge of occupational safety and health management system and feasibility of its establishment in government organizations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Legal Tools to Resolve Biosafety Challenges of Transgenic Products in the Light of International Environmental Law
elahe Soleymani Murche Khurti Shirin Shirazian Maryam Afshari

Considering the global spread of production and consumption of transgenic products and due to the importance of taking required measures and having necessary regulations for safely use of these products and to avoid potential dangers to the environment and their health, More

Considering the global spread of production and consumption of transgenic products and due to the importance of taking required measures and having necessary regulations for safely use of these products and to avoid potential dangers to the environment and their health, it is very critical for each country to codify laws and regulations on biosafety. Thus, it is essential to make, approve and implement proper laws and regulations at the national level. The present study reviewed biosafety laws and regulations in Iran and their shortcomings as well as biosafety laws of 10 countries from Europe, Asia, America and Oceania. Except for World Trade Organization and Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol, Iran has acceded to all related protocols and regulations. Moreover, Biosafety National Law, Paragraph (b) of Executive Regulations of Article (7) of the Biosafety Law and executive instructions of Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Department of Environment have been ratified in Iran. The studies show that the text of Biosafety National Law has some shortcomings and as a result, executive regulations and instructions of competent executive organizations have many problems. Therefore, in this study, Iran’s Biosafety National Law and related regulations were reviewed and compared with the text of Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety and also biosafety laws in 10 countries from four different continents with different viewpoints (from Asia: China, Japan, India; from Europe: European Union, Germany and Spain; from America: Brazil, Argentina, Canada and America; from Oceania: Australia). The countries are or are not parties to the Cartagena Protocol and are active in production, release and consumption of transgenic products. In doing so, the study has tried to define strengths and weaknesses of Biosafety National Law and related instructions and develop a proper framework for it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Development of a Model to Implement, Operate and Measure Process Safety Culture in Process Industries
Mohammad Dehbozorgi Hanieh Nikoomaram Seyed Mohammadreza Miri Lavasani

10.30495/jest.2023.72326.5818

Background & Objective: Investigating the causes of process accidents in industries emphasizes the importance of different aspects of Process Safety Culture (PSC). The purpose of this study was to design a PSC measurement model to identify the strengths and weakness More

Background & Objective: Investigating the causes of process accidents in industries emphasizes the importance of different aspects of Process Safety Culture (PSC). The purpose of this study was to design a PSC measurement model to identify the strengths and weaknesses of PSC and provide an appropriate background for improving the performance of Process Safety Management (PSM), leading to reducing or eliminating unfortunate process incidents.Material and Methodology:  To extract the theoretical foundations, the international best practices in the field of PSM were examined, focusing on the PSC element, and the most comprehensive model was selected based on the defined criteria. Referring to the selected model, the key principles of PSC, their essential features, the activities required to implement each of the essential features and the different levels of performance expectations for each activity were developed. Based on the developed content, a system-field PSC audit checklist and a questionnaire were prepared and its validity and reliability were determined. The checklist and questionnaire were then completed in a petrochemical complex in 2022 and the results were analyzed.Findings: The most comprehensive model from the PSC perspective is the Risk Based Process Safety of the American Center for Chemical Process Safety. The confirmed validity and reliability of the PSC questionnaire as well as the findings from the audit process and filled questionnaires in the case study showed that the proposed model can be practical and applicable to be used in process industries.Discussion and conclusion: The PSC is a determining factor in how to manage process risks. The proposed model can be used as a suitable tool for implementation, operation, status assessment, performance measurement and finally maintenance and promotion of PSC in process industries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - HSE risk assessment and hazard identification in projects of oil and gas industries from construction to production (Case Study: Petro Pars Ltd.)
Majid Abbaspour Parvin Nassiri Toraj Dana Sanaz Toutounchian

Supporting the establishment and strengthening of GC (General Contractor) companies causes the    transfer and enhancement of national technologies; that is why, such companies have always been supported by the government’s decision makers. Petro Pa More

Supporting the establishment and strengthening of GC (General Contractor) companies causes the    transfer and enhancement of national technologies; that is why, such companies have always been supported by the government’s decision makers. Petro Pars Ltd. was established as an Iranian general contractor in the fields of oil and gas in 1998 when the first phase of South Pars gas field development project started. The company then undertook phases 4 and 5 of the project. And now it is responsible for phases 6, 7, and 8 which are under construction. To observe the companys policy statement as to loss prevention and risk management programs, Health, Safety and Environmental Management System (HSEMS) was applied immediately. This article aims to describe and show a suitable HSEMS during the different stages of the project (from construction to production) based on risk assessment and related analyses. The main goals of the study are as follows: Analysis and categorization of all HSE disciplines that should be considered by general contractors in the fields of oil and gas HSE management system in different stages of projects Qualitative and quantitative HSE risk assessment Measurement of HSE risks and design of the related regression model during the different stages of the project. Finally, the article illustrates risk control measures for moving towards an improved HSE Management System. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Application of Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) in Evaluation of Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Hazards (Case Study: Oil Storage of National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company)
Iraj Mohammadfam Ali Kianfar

An extensive hazard identification of petroleum industries as part of a sound safety analysis is not only highly recommendable but often subject to official approval of construction by the national governmental authorities. Risk assessment and management techniques are More

An extensive hazard identification of petroleum industries as part of a sound safety analysis is not only highly recommendable but often subject to official approval of construction by the national governmental authorities. Risk assessment and management techniques are used in industrial activities to diminish accident potential by the application of prevention or protection techniques to improve process safety. This project aims at introducing a preventive approach to process hazard identification and identifying, evaluating and control of Health, Safety and Environmental hazards in studied unit. For this purpose, Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) have been applied to an oil storage and process unit in Hamadan. The HAZOP is the most widely used of the various analysis techniques available, in part because this highly structured technique is easy to teach and well-suited for petroleum industry. 1180 hazards identified by completing the study. The results of research showed that 38.136% of identified hazard were unacceptable. The root cause of 31.35% was unsafe behaviors. Considering to catastrophic consequences of probabilistic accidents, the results emphasize on control of unacceptable hazards and recommends installing pressure switch and flow switch on the product receiving lines and conducting of regular and periodic HSE auditing plans. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Presenting a model for evaluation of health and safety of the environment in urban parks
Elmira Barahmand Jamal Ghoddousi

Background and Objective: Urban parks are crucially important in improving quality of life in urban communities. Since, health and safety of citizens depend on health and safety of the environment, application of HSE-MS to identify the hazards and control them in urban More

Background and Objective: Urban parks are crucially important in improving quality of life in urban communities. Since, health and safety of citizens depend on health and safety of the environment, application of HSE-MS to identify the hazards and control them in urban parks seems necessary. The objectives of current study were to rank the factors influencing HSE management of urban parks and to present a model for HSE evaluation of parks. Method: In this study, HSE factors of urban parks were ranked by using F.TOPSIS. Then a model was established based on scalograph method to determine desirability of HSE-MS in urban parks. The model was examined in three urban parks at Karaj. Results: The results from validation of the proposed model in three urban parks indicated that, health and safety of environment in Iran Zamin and Tandorosti parks were moderate while they were weak in Ebne Sina Park. Conclusion: The proposed model for evaluation of health and safety of environment in urban parks was precise; however, application of other MCDM approaches was suggested to reach a more comprehensive model.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Environmental Risk Assessment of Sponge Iron production unit in Khorasan Steel Company Using Comparative Methods ETBA and JSA
Samaneh Sanjari Sahar Rezaian Seyed Ali Jozi

10.22034/jest.2017.11220

Background and Objective: The present study was conducted in line with the manufacturers’ awareness and tendency towards minimizing the hazards associated with workplace compounded by technological developments and utilization of modern machinery leading to the in More

Background and Objective: The present study was conducted in line with the manufacturers’ awareness and tendency towards minimizing the hazards associated with workplace compounded by technological developments and utilization of modern machinery leading to the increase of both production rates and eventual soaring risk probabilities. Employing Job Safety Analysis (JSA) and Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis (ETBA) methods, the study aims to assess the environmental risk of direct recovery unit. Method: The process began with identification of environmental risks associated with this unit through the abovementioned methods. After identification of risks, the strengths and weaknesses of each method were compared, and finally separate evaluations were conducted using each method. Findings: Six high-risk jobs were identified in Job Safety Analysis Method. 47 hazards were identified to be at the unacceptable risk level in 2 cases, unfavorable risk level in 28 cases and acceptable risk level in 17 cases. In Energy Trace and Barrier Analysis method, 9 types of energy were identified by using energy checklist. The most important risks associated with these energies are reduction gas leakage and increase of gas pressure inside the furnace. In this method, 17 risks were identified in to be at the unacceptable risk levelin 3 cases, unfavorable risk levelin 7 cases, acceptable upon revisit in 3 cases and acceptable with no need for revisitin 4 cases. Conclusion: Implementing the security principles based on personal observations and interviews with experts and using opinions of production experts, proposition was made to make use of a general method combining the two aforesaid methods instead of applying each method separately in orde to ensure the highest efficiency and staff safety. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Assessment of Occupational Hazards with Safety Approach In Concentrative Unit of Sirjan Gol-E-Gohar Iron Company Using Job Safety Analysis
sudabe shahba Jafar Nouri Sima Barani Somayeh Shahba Seyedeh Zahra Nourbakhsh

10.22034/jest.2017.11221

Background and Objective: With advances in technology and the provision of care, numerous problems have emerged yet. On the one hand, these problems have led to environmental pollution and, on the other hand, have created risks of mining accidents and occupational disea More

Background and Objective: With advances in technology and the provision of care, numerous problems have emerged yet. On the one hand, these problems have led to environmental pollution and, on the other hand, have created risks of mining accidents and occupational diseases in the workplace. Since most of the activities in the concentrative unit of Sirjan Gol-E-Gohar Iron Company unit are considered working in a risk condition, it is essential to observe safety, and environmental and health issues and requirements to guarantee the security, health of the personnel and also to prevent environmental pollution. Method: In this study, using the JSA (Job Safety Analysis) method, first, the risks associated with each the job depending on the performed task were identified. Next, the employee exposure to risks, the probability of the risk of accidents, and the intensity of accident consequences are assessed. Finally, control solutions was proposed to eliminate or reduce any risks level. Findings: 12 hazardous jobs were determined, the associated risks were assessed, and control solutions were suggested. After risk assessment and calculating the risks level in the mentioned company, the results indicated that the liner maintenance technician with 18 risks ranked the first and the disc filters maintenance technician with 7 risk ranked as a person with the lowest risk. Conclusion: Training of the workers, increasing awareness of the risks, continuous monitoring of their work, improving the occupational safety and health management system are the main control solutions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Assessment of Environmental Management and Land Use Planning in the Airport Surrounding Areas (Case Study: Mehrabad Airport)
Akramalmolok Lahijanian Mahshid Mohammadi

10.30495/jest.2018.13777

Abstract Background and Objective: Airports are the most basic parts of air transport system, and presence of new generation of modern aircrafts, rapid growth of traffic volume and demand for air travel, and adoption of coherent and precise rules and regulations for var More

Abstract Background and Objective: Airports are the most basic parts of air transport system, and presence of new generation of modern aircrafts, rapid growth of traffic volume and demand for air travel, and adoption of coherent and precise rules and regulations for various stages of flight operations have made the airport a complex and dynamic system. The aim of this study is to perform management and land use planning using an environmental approach at Mehrabad Airport. The first hypothesis is that the airport surrounding areas are related to flight safety. The second hypothesis is that the use of the airport surronding areas is related to environmental protection, and the third hypothesis is that land management and planning affect the comfort and security of the people residing in the airport surrounding area. Method: The study was carried out through investigation of the study area using Arc GIS 9.3 software to produce geographic position maps of the area, land use areas, and communication networks. Then, by adjusting and distributing the questionnaire, the effective factors on land use management were assessed and the strengths and weaknesses of the strategic management method were identified. The questionnaires were analyzed by correlation analysis using the SPPS19 software. Findings: The findings of the first hypothesis suggest that there is a meaningful and direct relationship between the parameters of "the airport surrounding area" and "flight security". In the second hypothesis, there is a meaningful and inverse relationship between the factors "how to use the airport surrounding area" and "environmental protection". The third hypothesis indicated the meaningful and direct relationship between the variables of "land management and planning" and "comfort and security of the people residing in the airport surrounding area". Discussion and Conclusion: Results of the analysis show that among the respondents, most of the pilots (90.5%) believe that there is a strong relationship between the the airport surrounding areas and the flight safety. Only 4.8% believed that this relationship was insignificant. In contrast, 4.8% of the remaining respondants also reported this connection to be very much. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Assessment of Hospital Waste Management system with focus on disinfection method
keivan saeb Saeed Kardar Farah Salehi Shohreh alidoust

10.22034/jest.2017.11073

Background and objective: Hospital wastes are the second hazardous wastes after radioactive wastes. Proper management of this wastes cause to affordable disposal of hospital wastes which is also compatible with the environment. The present study has been done to evaluat More

Background and objective: Hospital wastes are the second hazardous wastes after radioactive wastes. Proper management of this wastes cause to affordable disposal of hospital wastes which is also compatible with the environment. The present study has been done to evaluate the quantity of waste produced and also the function of safety methods in Sari's hospitals. Method: Required data were collected by going to the production and storage of waste and assessment of the devices function have been done based on biological monitoring of indicator bacteria in infectious wastes. Findings: Average of total wastes produced were 3198 kg per day in Sari's hospitals and per capita waste production were estimated kg per bed per day 2.49. Average of normal wastes, infectious wastes and winning wastes and radiation wastes were determined per bed respectively, 1.56, 0.7, 0.22, 0.01 kg per day. The total wastes and infectious wastes in private hospitals were more than of public hospitals and Social Security. The results showed that 46% and 36% of infectious wastes have been annihilated by incineration and safe methods respectively. Biological monitoring showed that the most of function Safety devices were at an acceptable level in hospitals. They have been eliminated with an average 80% of microorganisms. Discussion and conclusion: Waste production in the most of our hospitals, especially private hospitals, are much higher than usual offered by the World Health Organization. The results show that the size of hospitals (large or small) have no influence in the production of solid waste per bed, and there were related to the type of ownership and management procedures largely.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Evaluation of the safety performance in glass industry and providing strategies for management improvement (Case study: Performanve of the Isfahan glass factory as the largest glass manufacturing plant in the country)
Tooraj Dana Fatemeh Pahlevaninezhad

10.22034/jest.2017.10752

Background and Objective: Millions of workers are being victims of work accidents each year. According to International Labour Organization, 120 millions of work accidents occur every year which lead to death or disability of many human resources. Method: This study, b More

Background and Objective: Millions of workers are being victims of work accidents each year. According to International Labour Organization, 120 millions of work accidents occur every year which lead to death or disability of many human resources. Method: This study, being the first one to consider the crystal and glass industry in the country, has been carried out in Isfahan Crystal and Glass Factory as the case study. This study is performed through comparing the data and statistics of the accidents, and evaluating and analyzing the rate of harms to the industry workers in a 12-year period (2001-2013). The management improvement strategies for sustainable development are presented according to the obtained results. The ultimate goal of this paper is to assess the safety indexes in crystal and glass industry to help enhance health and safety level of the work environment. Findings: The results show that majority of the recorded accidents belong to production section with frequency of 38% while the workers in age group of 36 to 40 years old demonstrated 41% of work accidents. It is concluded that people with 1 to 5 years of job experience are most prone to face work accidents. The main causes of accidents include: being hit by objects, objects collapse, and workers getting stuck or fallen dawn. Workers hand is the most likely organ to be harmed in this industry with the frequency of 58%. Year 2002 showed the highest rate of accidents while personnel trainings played a vital role in decreasing accidents rate in the following year. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Reviews and Ranking of Health, Safety and Environmental Management in Ahvaz Urban Parks
Mehrnoosh Changizi Roohollah Kazemi Foroozan Farokhian

10.22034/jest.2017.10753

Background and Objective: Considering the importance of urban green space and their inseparability from the city's complex, in order to minimize damage to life, financial and adverse effects and to create security in the parks, necessity to adopt the policies and persis More

Background and Objective: Considering the importance of urban green space and their inseparability from the city's complex, in order to minimize damage to life, financial and adverse effects and to create security in the parks, necessity to adopt the policies and persistent solution is binding. Therefore, in this research, health, safety and environmental management in Ahvaz urban parks was reviewed and management solutions were proposed in order to improve current situation. Method: In this research, at first 6 parks from the different kinds of parks based on the number of user, equipment, land measurement, type of parks, proximity to city places have selected to study, Then collection of criteria and indexes for all of these criteria identified accoding to the Delphi method and asking from experts have scored from 1-10, and after removing least important indexes have specified the identified criteria and indexes. Then, by using of hierarchical analysis process technique base on 10 people expert's viewpoint based on binary comparisons and by using of expert's questionnaire in hourly scale have preferred the main criteria and the identified indexes for health, safety and environment management, then used TOPSIS method for choosing the best option of health, safety and environmental criteria and also the best park. Results: Results show that scores of safeties indicator of parks with 0.526 point is lesser than environment indicator score with 0.656 and more than health score with 0.403. Also, the result of ranking of studied parks indicate that Island Park in term of health, safety and environmental condition is the best and State park allocated the lowest point. Thus, collection of standards and indexes for all of these standards identified and based on asking from experts and determining their importance degree had specified the identified standards and indexes. Conclusion: since the  giving priority to health, safety of urban parks according to that parks have high portion  in the citizen's collective life, is inevitable necessity and according to valuating results of Ahvaz's urban parks situation base on health, safety and environment standards, it is important to cite that the success of revision programs for making optimum the health condition of urban parks is hided in accompanying and integration three mentioned factors and performing of their integrated management and this means that implementation HSE-MS model may consider successful method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Designing an intelligent model to optimize the safety risk of the takeoff flight using BIM-LSTM
mansour yahyavi Abbass toloie eshlaghi Mohammad Ali Afsharkazemi Reza Radfar

10.30495/jik.2024.23254

This article presents a new model for optimizing the safety risk of take-off, as the most important and dangerous flight process, using a combination of BI algorithm and recurrent neural network LSTM. The goal is to train an effective neural network with past data recor More

This article presents a new model for optimizing the safety risk of take-off, as the most important and dangerous flight process, using a combination of BI algorithm and recurrent neural network LSTM. The goal is to train an effective neural network with past data records of air accidents to predict safety risk parameters. For this purpose, 17 safety features, such as weather conditions, aircraft configuration and preparation, flight information and air traffic were obtained. The data related to 2019 to 2020 was selected after performing exploration, summarization, cleaning, normalization operations with 28813 data records. Due to the dependence of flight data on their previous inputs and the need for a kind of memory, training was performed by deep learning algorithm (LSTM) in Python environment. After learning, the learning error was about 6 percent and the mean square error was about 116/0. It shows that the error percentage is negligible and the proposed model has high validity. Also, this model solved the problem of exploration and cleaning of bulk flight data by having advanced tools such as ETL, metadata and real-time monitoring and was able to predict the most important safety risk factor (speed V1) with high accuracy. This pattern helps the flight service in controlling the important parameters of safety risk, such as the speed of aircraft taking off from the runway, controlling the safe take-off speed and most importantly controlling the loss of flight with a reliable strategy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - A New Approach to Evaluate the Performance of Value-at-risk Estimators, Using Genetic Algorithms
Seyed Ali Nabavi Chashmi Hamze Pourbabagol Ahmad Dadashpoor Omrani

Value at Risk (VaR) is the maximum loss which could be incurred within a given time horizon, except for a small percentage, that its application has sharply increased after the 90s. Parallel to the increase in usage of value-at-risk in risk management are More

Value at Risk (VaR) is the maximum loss which could be incurred within a given time horizon, except for a small percentage, that its application has sharply increased after the 90s. Parallel to the increase in usage of value-at-risk in risk management areas, validation of VaR measures has gain great importance. In prevalent back testing approaches, returns which are yielded from VaR estimators are not regarded as a criterion. It's may not be desirable for the investors who emphasize on return more than the risk. What distinguishes this study from other researches in the field of back testing VaR estimation models is the simultaneous consideration of actual return and loss(CVaR) which were yielded from VaR estimators  as criteria of risk and return that are the primary basis for financial studies. On the other hand, due to relativeness of risk and return in terms of investors, we considered the weight of these two indexes as fuzzy. In this paper, we constitute and optimize our risky portfolio with safety-first investor's rule. We need to estimate quantile of risky portfolio's return in objective function of safety-first investor's rule to optimize the portfolio. VaR estimators were used to calculate it. On the other hand, given the non- convexity of VaR function and also other reasons, we applied one of the most popular meta-heuristic models namely genetic algorithms for optimization. Our findings show that GEV and HS models are more conservative than parametric models (t-student and normal) and also have better performance in portfolio optimization. The empirical findings also indicate that safety-first investor will choose significantly different amounts of borrowing. Thus, the scale of the risky portfolio and the amount borrowed is diverse across methods. There is another interesting finding. Despite the computational simplicity of historical simulation method, it has shown the best performance of all.    Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis in the Light of Process Safety Management in Mobarakeh Steel Company (Case study: Oxygen and Hydrogen Unit)
Hanieh Nikoomaram Hossein Modaresifar Javad Kiani Mohammad Dehbozorgi

Background and Objective: The steel industry is one of the most hazardous process industries due to the nature of metal melting and high heat, gases and hazardous chemicals. The high potential of process incidents with consequences such as fire, explosion and release of More

Background and Objective: The steel industry is one of the most hazardous process industries due to the nature of metal melting and high heat, gases and hazardous chemicals. The high potential of process incidents with consequences such as fire, explosion and release of toxic substances in the mentioned industry emphasizes the importance of hazard identification as the first step in process safety risk management. In the present research, to provide the necessary infrastructure, including a written methodology for hazard identification and risk analysis studies as one of the most vital requirements of Process Safety Management (PSM) and in line with PSM implementation in Mobarakeh Steel Company, the relevant procedure was developed and to ensure its applicability, process safety hazards and their associated incidents in one of the most hazardous units (oxygen and hydrogen unit) were identified and analyzed using the aforementioned procedure. Material and Methodology: The “hazard identification and process safety risk analysis” procedure was developed in accordance with the requirements of process safety management expatiated in PSM best practices and other relevant technical documents. The procedure includes hazard identification (HAZID) worksheet, guide words, levels of probability of occurrence and severity of consequences, risk matrix, implementation methodology, etc. In order to conduct the HAZID study in the oxygen and hydrogen unit, a team including experts and experienced engineers in their relevant job fields was formed, and after preparing the necessary arrangements such as reviewing the documents, HAZID meetings were held according to the developed methodology, the worksheets were completed and analyzed as per the study nodes and relevant corrective measures were also suggested. Findings: From the total of 40 process safety incidents identified in the oxygen and hydrogen unit, 5% had a low-risk level, 65% had a medium-risk level, 15% had a high-risk level and 15% had an extreme-risk level. Therefore, the majority of the identified process safety risks had a medium (tolerable) risk level. Major Process Incidents (MPIs) with high (unacceptable) and extreme (intolerable) risk levels also constitute 30% of all incidents. The plants of the oxygen unit had the most process incidents in terms of the number, and gas and liquid tanks had the highest risk level of process safety incidents. In total, 12 MPIs with high and extreme risk levels were identified. Discussion and Conclusion: One of the key achievements of the research is the development of the “hazard identification and process safety risk analysis” procedure in Mobarakeh Steel Company to identify and analyze the process safety incidents and other related characteristics such as the causes and consequences of incidents, prevention and mitigation controls, the probability of occurrence and severity of consequences, risk level, etc. Also, the aforesaid procedure would help deliver a coherent methodology for assessing process safety risks, provide a suitable platform for adopting corrective measures for major risks, conduct supplementary studies, and develop and implement other mechanisms required to meet PSM requirements. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Correlation between harmful health effects attributed to the pollutant index of suspended particles (PM10) in air quality affecting biological safety: A case study in Kermanshah metropolis, Iran
mehrdad pooyanmehr mohsen khalvandpoor

Background and Objective: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental crises of living (humans, animals and plants). Exposure to air pollution is associated with different health outcomes. Air pollution causes a reduction in the average life expectancy, an More

Background and Objective: Air pollution is one of the most important environmental crises of living (humans, animals and plants). Exposure to air pollution is associated with different health outcomes. Air pollution causes a reduction in the average life expectancy, an increase in various diseases. Given the correlation between the harmful effects on the bio-safety attributable to airborne particulate index (PM10) in air quality, the aim of this study was to investigate the trend of changes in airborne particulate index (PM10) over an eight-year period (2011-2018) based on index (PSI) and its analytical dependence on health over a period of time was Kermanshah metropolitan. Material and Methodology: Data from the active station of Kermanshah Environmental Protection Agency was collected and the process of changing the concentration of pollutants by the psi index was analyzed. Findings: The unhealthiest, very unhealthy and dangerous conditions of air quality were observed in the winter, summer and winter seasons, respectively, with a significant difference in autumn compared to spring. Also, the study of air quality changes during the eight-year period showed a significant difference in season and month (P <0.001). However, with the exception of one year (2014), the average range of PM10 (μg / m3) concentrations did not differ significantly. Discussion and Conclusion: In addition to the correlation between the amount of PM10 contaminated with environmental and health effects, Kermanshah air quality has a relative distance between the PM10 pollutants and the standard state.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Providing a Framework based on Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) consideration using FAHP in the Demolition of Buildings (Case study: Saadat Abad Tehran)
Mohammad Hossein Shahabadi Mohammad Reza Fathi Mohammad Hasan Maleki

This study provides a framework to examine the issues of health, safety and environmental concerns associated with the demolition of the buildings. For this purpose, firstly, the existing problems, in the field of building’s demolition in Tehran and deficiencies i More

This study provides a framework to examine the issues of health, safety and environmental concerns associated with the demolition of the buildings. For this purpose, firstly, the existing problems, in the field of building’s demolition in Tehran and deficiencies in state and municipal laws were identified. Checking the existing problems in association with the study of Saadat Abad incident showed that demolition topic, requires fast actions and effective remedies. Besides extraction of the existing defects, according to the available literature and the results of the researcher's efforts, Effective factors on buildings demolition were obtained. According to the experts, including university professors and demolition contractors, significant factors were identified and prioritized using FAHP method. Finally, after obtained results and the significance of the factors, corrective strategies and a functional model for improving the current circumstances is presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - A review on Health, Safety and Environment Management in Iran's urban parks
Elmira Barahmand Jamal Ghoddousi

Today due to development of urbanization, industrial growth and environmental pollutions such as airand noise pollution and mental pressures as a result of artificial ambiances in metropolitan cities,implementing urban parks and green spaces are necessary. Regarding the More

Today due to development of urbanization, industrial growth and environmental pollutions such as airand noise pollution and mental pressures as a result of artificial ambiances in metropolitan cities,implementing urban parks and green spaces are necessary. Regarding the importance of urban parks incities, Health, Safety and Environment issues should be noticed in order to meet the park user’s needsand also all the citizens.In this review precedent researches on Health, Safety and Environment of the urban parks are to benoticed and the results have been collected in order to determine research priorities in this field. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Safety and Occupational Health Risk Management in construction phase of oil field and presenting Management strategies improve (Case study construction phase of platform's Reheat oil field)
Hoda Hosseini Tooraj Dana Reza Arjmandi Iman Shirianpour

With the growth of industries and technologies has increased risks and hazard in the industries significantly. In recent decades terrible disasters such as Bohal in India. . . has doubled importance of identification health and safety hazards. An occupational health and More

With the growth of industries and technologies has increased risks and hazard in the industries significantly. In recent decades terrible disasters such as Bohal in India. . . has doubled importance of identification health and safety hazards. An occupational health and safety risk management system can help organization, eliminate or minimized risks related with health and safety issues. Current research was undertaken in order to reduce safety and health risks and improve the system in the construction phase of platforms for Reshadat oil field. For the purpose of this study, identify activities on the site completely by using site visit then were listed in JHA worksheets, according to procedure published by OSHA. After that risk priority number were calculated by using three risk factors (include priority, detection and severity) and listed in FM & EA worksheets. By using this method low risks were 62.7%, middle risks were 31.6% and high risks were 5.7%. After presenting corrective action low risks 30.6% has increased, moderate risks and high risks has decreased respectively 72% and 53%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Investigaties effect level of education on the elementary school principals Borkhar city in the safety Management System, Health and Environment
Masoud Saeedi Maryam Larijani Firouzeh Mostafavi Darani

Despite health problems and hazardous aspects and environmental consequences in community day by day the minds of health professionals and environmentists have been engaged. The purpose of this study, the effect of education on the elementary school principals in the ar More

Despite health problems and hazardous aspects and environmental consequences in community day by day the minds of health professionals and environmentists have been engaged. The purpose of this study, the effect of education on the elementary school principals in the area of the safety, health and the environment management system. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study (quasi-experimental) 49 elementary school principals (elementary school principals of the city) in the study were selected for their 2-day workshop was held. Site performance management system in the field of safety, health and the environment before and after the workshop by Czech standard list (Ministry of Health) was measured and the data obtained was analyzed by spss version 20 and paired t-test and test Variance analysis was performed. The analysis of the data before and after the training showed that in the performance of the managers before training 28/1% increased.  Also, there is a correlation between knowledge and practice managers. The results showed that, among the leaders in the field of the environment before the intervention, there is a significant age difference. The above research showed that training is effective in improving the performance of elementary school principals and schools are in need of such a mechanism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - Improving citizen's health and well-being through urban landscape design
Mohammad Bagheri Hamid Reza Azemati

Current urbanization and settlement trends have adverse psycho-physical impact on the safety, health and well-being of the city dwellers. Crime, lack of community, lack of physical activity and dependence on motorized transportation serve as examples of urban ills. Sust More

Current urbanization and settlement trends have adverse psycho-physical impact on the safety, health and well-being of the city dwellers. Crime, lack of community, lack of physical activity and dependence on motorized transportation serve as examples of urban ills. Sustainable design strategies in urban neighborhoods and open spaces can have significant contribution to human physical health and psychological well-being. The sustainable urban design agenda and design criteria such as green and quality open spaces, pedestrian areas, creating dense neighborhoods with mix land uses and infill development projects in derelict and lost spaces, decreasing dependence on motorized transport with public services such as community schools and developing local public transport are of the main strategies that can addressed the various health and well-being contributions of different urban habitats Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Improving citizen's health and well-being through urban landscape design
Mohammad Bagheri Hamid Reza Azemati

Current urbanization and settlement trends haveadverse psycho-physical impact on the safety,health and well-being of the city dwellers. Crime,lack of community, lack of physical activity anddependence on motorized transportation serve asexamples of urban ills. Sustainab More

Current urbanization and settlement trends haveadverse psycho-physical impact on the safety,health and well-being of the city dwellers. Crime,lack of community, lack of physical activity anddependence on motorized transportation serve asexamples of urban ills. Sustainable design strategiesin urban neighborhoods and open spaces can havesignificant contribution to human physical healthand psychological well-being. The sustainable urbandesign agenda and design criteria such as green andquality open spaces, pedestrian areas, creating denseneighborhoods with mix land uses and infilldevelopment projects in derelict and lost spaces,decreasing dependence on motorized transportwith public services such as community schoolsand developing local public transport are of themain strategies that can addressed the varioushealth and well-being contributions of differenturban habitats.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - A review of the potentials of metal-organic nanostructures in food safety
Mohammad Ali Ghasemzadeh Reyhaneh Moughari Fatemehe Bagheri

Background:Food safety has always been a major global challenge for human health. The demand for sustainability, product safety improvement and high quality standards have always been important in all areas of the biological sciences such as the food industry, which req More

Background:Food safety has always been a major global challenge for human health. The demand for sustainability, product safety improvement and high quality standards have always been important in all areas of the biological sciences such as the food industry, which requires close monitoring and continuously throughout the food supply chain. In this area, the suitable and satisfactory food packaging in the industry is the basis for maintaining and preserving proper and suitable quality and safety in food. Despite the industry's efforts to produce safe products, food products may become contaminated during the process or from contaminated raw materials. Therefore, to solve the problems and defects related to food safety, several strategies and approaches have been considered and designed. Among various pathways the use of metal-organic frameworks is a new opportunity and challenges to ensure the quality and safety of food. Metal-organic frameworks are known as fundamental class of porous nonmaterial which has unique physical and chemical properties promising in a food safety program. These nanoporus materials have recently attracted a lot of attentions and have found their way into various industries, including the food industry, and have shown great potential for practical development because of a wide range of applications in diverse fields. This article tries to emphasize and introduce this technology with a brief overview of the use of metal-organic frameworks in the food industry in three subsets of packaging, storage and cleaning, and their applications in this industry and the advantages and benefits which come with using it. Results: In summary, it can be said that MOFs have shown exciting potential in the field of food safety and have shown all their efficiency through the ability to be used in different parts of the process. Emerging MOFs or composite-based MOFs have been considered as a practical coating in intelligent food packaging, for the controlled release of preservatives and to monitor food safety. Therefore, these materials need to have excellent adsorption and stability properties; Be further developed for use in packaging. MOFs have also been shown to be effective in eliminating hazardous substances in the food supply chain. Therefore, the need to synthesize new multifunctional MOFs to remove contaminants is essential. Finally, while MOFs are a promising substance to help improve food safety at various stages of the food chain; However, precise control of the pore size and volume of these frameworks for specific applications is still a challenge, so more attention needs to be paid to achieving high quality MOFs for use in food safety. Further research is also needed on the toxicity of MOFs.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - A Case Study of Three Different Brake Pads Used in Iranian Rail Systems
A. Nasr M. H. Esnaashary

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Investigating the Relationship between the Perception of Safety and Security in Urban Sports Tourism and Its Effect on the Intention to Return to the Destination
Majid Amini Bagher Morsal Ali Fahiminejad Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani

The purpose of this research is to understand the safety and security in urban tourism and its effect on the intention to return to the destination, which was done case by case in the city of Mashhad. This research is applied and the method is descriptive-correlation. T More

The purpose of this research is to understand the safety and security in urban tourism and its effect on the intention to return to the destination, which was done case by case in the city of Mashhad. This research is applied and the method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this research includes all tourists of recreational and sports places in Mashhad. The statistical sample based on Cochran's formula (with an error of 0.05) was considered equal to 384 people. The results showed that the highest average related to the component "If I travel to this region in the future, I will visit this tourist destination" with 4.10 and the lowest average related to the component "This destination will be my first choice in the future" with 88. It is 3. The results of the box test showed that the effect of gender among the respondents on the subscales of the perception of sports tourists in terms of safety and security of the destination is not significant. The results of multivariate analysis of variance (MANVA) in the group of sports tourists showed that age has a significant effect on some variables, and as a result, the research hypothesis is accepted. Also, the factor of the number of visits could not affect all the variables at the same time. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in the group of sports tourists showed that the number of visits has no significant effect on their perception of the safety and security of the tourist destination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - The Effect of Transformational Leadership Style of Supervisor on Occupational Injuries: The Mediating Role of Safety Consciousness, Role Overload and Safety-related Events
فریبا کیانی محمدرضا خدابخش

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of transformational leadership style of supervisor on occupational injuries with the mediating role of safety consciousness, role overload and safety related events. The research was a correlational, structural More

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of transformational leadership style of supervisor on occupational injuries with the mediating role of safety consciousness, role overload and safety related events. The research was a correlational, structural equations modeling. The population consisted of all employees in Esfahan Steel Company in 2012. Through stratified random sampling 210 employees were selected. Research instruments were: Transformational Leadership Style Scale (Bass & Avolio 1990), Safety Consciousness Scale (Westaby & Lee 2003), Role Overload Scale (Beehr, Walsh & Taber, 1976), Safety-related Events Questionnaire (Barlingand et al., 2002) and Occupational Injuries Questionnaire (Barlingand et al., 2002).  Data were analyzed by regression and structural equations modeling by LISREL software. To test the role of mediated effects, the Bootstrap procedure in the macro model of Preacher and Hayes (2008) was used. Findings revealed acceptable effects of all variables in the study (P<0.05). Also, the indirect effects of transactional leadership style on occupational injuries with mediating role of safety events; with mediating role of safety consciousness and safety events; and with mediating role of role overload and safety events were studied (P<0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - Effects Of Different Levels Of Vitamincon Blood Parameters and Immune System Of Siberian Sturgeon Fingerlings (Acipen serbaerii
Yaqoub Pourgholam Hosein Khara Mahmod Mohseni

Inroduction and Objective:Vitamins are the most important nutrients and vitamins that stimulate the immune system of fish. vitaminC on Aquaculture is considered as an essential nutrient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different levels of vitamin C from L - as More

Inroduction and Objective:Vitamins are the most important nutrients and vitamins that stimulate the immune system of fish. vitaminC on Aquaculture is considered as an essential nutrient. The purpose of this study was to evaluate different levels of vitamin C from L - ascorbyl -2 - polyphosphate on blood factors and immune factors Siberian sturgeon.Material and Methods:Levels of the vitaminC of type L - ascorbyl 2 - polyphosphate include: lack of vitaminC (Treatment 1), 100 mg/kg vitaminC (Treatment 2), 200 mg/kg vitaminC (Treatment 3), 400 mg/kg vitamin C (Treatment 4), 800 mg/kg vitamin C(Treatment 5), 1600 mg/kg vitaminC (Treatment 6) in triplicate and grown for 8 weeks was considered the360numberof Siberian sturgeon. At the end of the experiment, blood and immune parameters were measured ResultsResearch results on farmed Siberian sturgeon of the blood and immune factors showed the highest number of red blood cells (RBC) In the treatment of 200 mg/kg vitaminC was observed with the other treatments showed significant differences. While the difference Ing the number of white blood cells (WBC), Hematocrit and hemoglobin were observed, but most of them treated 200 mg/kg vitaminC was common's other hematological indices MCH and MCHC Statistically significant difference in between treatments were found in the MCV There was no significant difference between the treatment and the highest 1,600 mg/kg vitaminC common and Siberian sturgeon studies on blood safety parameters showed no significant difference in the amount of lysozyme, IgM In between treatments, but there is no significant difference between treatments in the total immunoglobulin and lysozyme and immunoglobulin in the treatment of 800 mg/kg vitaminC was higher than other treatments.Conclusions:The absence of vitaminC In the diets of factor reduces safety, the results showed that the factor safety in treatment the high vitaminC showed better effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - The effect of Lactobacillus. plantarum and Lactobacillus .Brevis isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of fish and its effect on growth and safety indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in comparison with Primalak probiotic
Meysam Rameshgar mohammadreza ghomi Seyed Masoud Hashemi Karoui Syed Mahdi Hoseini Fard Seysd Reza Tabari Pour

Different groups of lactobacilli have probiotic potential of bacteria that have many positive effects on biological ecosystems in various forms. Also, in intensive fish farming, their use is one of the ways to improve growth, nutrition and survival indices. In the meant More

Different groups of lactobacilli have probiotic potential of bacteria that have many positive effects on biological ecosystems in various forms. Also, in intensive fish farming, their use is one of the ways to improve growth, nutrition and survival indices. In the meantime, various researches have been done on probiotics as practical supplements in fish nutrition. Therefore, the need to identify lactobacilli with probiotic potential seems to be very important. Therefore, the aim of this study was to isolate and identify lactobacilli with probiotic potential from the gastrointestinal tract of Capoeta.Razii and its effect on growth and safety indices of common carp Cyprinus carpio.To achieve this, lactobacilli with probiotic potential were isolated and identified from the gastrointestinal tract of Capoeta.Razii by microbial and molecular tests. Of the 3 bacteria identified, 2 were L.Pantarum and one was L. Brevis.240 pieces of common carp weighing 15 2 2 g were distributed and fed among 12 fiberglass tanks of 500 liters with a storage density of 20 fish in four treatments (3 replications). At the end of the experiment, in the group of fish that received Lactobacillus and Primalak, their growth characteristics such as weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and survival percentage showed a higher and more desirable level than the group of fish whose diet did not contain Lactobacillus and Primalak. (0.05). Also in immune factors, the number of RBC and WBC, total protein, albumin, globulin, C3 increased and the amount of cortisol decreased. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - Fatigue Life of Graphite Powder Mixing Electrical Discharge Machining AISI D2 Tool Steel
A Al-Khazraji S.A Amin S.M Ali

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - Identification and Prioritization of Measures to Reduce the Failure of Safety Policies Based on the Technique of FMEA
ehsan shahsavari goqeri mohamad zyaadini mostafa hadavinajad hamid taboli

10.30495/jsm.2022.1961220.1660

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Open Access Article

75 - Designing of the Relation between Factors Affecting the Success of HSE Management System (Case Study: Pasargad Oil Company)
alireza Asdanjad Tarabkhah Majid Bagherzadeh Khajeh Soleiman Iranzadeh ghaffar tari

10.30495/imj.2023.1972893.1809

This research aims to provide an interactive model of factors affecting the success of the health, safety and environment management system in Pasargad Oil Company. The current research is developmental in terms of its purpose, and descriptive-analytical and modeling in More

This research aims to provide an interactive model of factors affecting the success of the health, safety and environment management system in Pasargad Oil Company. The current research is developmental in terms of its purpose, and descriptive-analytical and modeling in terms of the research method. Using publicly available sources (149 people) and also experts' opinions (20 people), by using 2 types of questionnaires that were evaluated through the exploratory factor analysis of the correlation matrix, validity and reliability of the questionnaire and 24 factors in 4 areas of structure, individual-organizational, mechanical and Electrical has been identified. Then, using the DEMATEL and ISM method, the relationships between them and their ranking were determined, and the criteria were leveled using the ISM interpretive structural approach. Also, with the help of Dimethal-Fuzzy technique, the intensity of relationships, effectiveness and effectiveness of criteria were investigated. The findings of the research with the FDEMATEL approach showed that structural safety, electrical safety and mechanical energy saving are the most effective factors, and the presence of control measures, energy saving and attention to regional considerations are the least important factors. On the other hand, the findings of the research, using ISM approach, show that mechanical regional considerations and electrical welfare in the dependent group are factors that have low penetration power but strong dependence, and mechanical environmental protection factors, saving electrical energy and mechanical health in the future are factors They have strong influence but weak dependence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - Identification and prioritization of the components affecting HSE risks using a mixed approach (the Case of study: Dorahan Transmission Lines Gas Company)
meysam babaee Rahmatollah Asgharian

10.30495/imj.2021.681777

The main purpose of this study is to identify the components affecting HSE risks using Delphi technique in Dorahan Transmission Lines Gas Company. To achieve this goal, data were collected in two phases (qualitative and quantitative) using a Mix method approach. At firs More

The main purpose of this study is to identify the components affecting HSE risks using Delphi technique in Dorahan Transmission Lines Gas Company. To achieve this goal, data were collected in two phases (qualitative and quantitative) using a Mix method approach. At first, due to the research literature, some of the components were identified through structured and semi-structured interviews with 11 academic managers and experts who were selected by theoretical sampling method. 11 panelists (academic and practical fields) after three rounds agreed on the components affecting HSE risks in the qualitative section using the Delphi method and the research model was presented; and the validity of the qualitative part was also confirmed by Kendall's coefficient of concordance (k = 0.89). Data analysis performed at both descriptive and inferential levels (Friedman) in the quantitative part through SPSS 22 software. Panelists were identified the key elements of HSE risks in the form of 77 key concepts and 3 main criteria including safety (42), health (15) and environmental components (20) which the highest Friedman score is related to the "safety" criterion with a value of 2.82 and the lowest score is related to the "health" criterion with a score of 1.27; accordingly, it can be concluded that if more organizations pay attention to safety, in addition to physical health, it also affects the mental health of employees and by reducing the cost and time, it prevents costs incurred by the worker and employer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - Identifying effective and determining dimensions and components in designing a model of occupational safety and health management system in Iranian government organizations
esmaeil kahoori pour Aflatoon Amiri Saeed Sayadi

10.30495/imj.2022.1937508.1672

The purpose of this study is to identify the effective dimensions and components in designing a model of occupational safety and health management system for Iranian government organizations..This research is applied research and it is among the applications of developm More

The purpose of this study is to identify the effective dimensions and components in designing a model of occupational safety and health management system for Iranian government organizations..This research is applied research and it is among the applications of developmental research. The statistical population of this study consists of two groups. The first group consisted of 30 experts and the second group consisted of all employees of governmental organizations in Kerman province with 77528 persons that the sample size in this area was determined using Cochran formula of 384 individuals. The research instrument is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity has been approved by experts and its reliability has been confirmed as such reliability of elements of organization space 0.994, management and leadership 0.738, planning and organization 0.779, deployment and implementation 0.971, evaluation 0.785 and the revision and improvement is 0.939. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Smart Pls.The above-mentioned research model also shows that all elements include organizational space, management and leadership, planning and organizing, deployment and implementation, evaluation and revision, and action to improve have a significant impact on occupational safety and health management system and all components except integration have significant impact on deployment and implementation elements.Comprehensibly, this model can be used as a tool for empowering managers with the knowledge of the occupational health and safety management system and its deployment in government agencies Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - A Survey on the Relationship between Employers and Employees Collaboration in Industrial Safety (Case Study: Industrial Cooperative in Kurdistan)
Heirsh Soltanpanah

Employees are the main asset of organizations and are of great importance. In this regard, employees and employers must comply with health and safety rules. In this study, the cooperative relationship between employers and employees and obeying the safety rules and heal More

Employees are the main asset of organizations and are of great importance. In this regard, employees and employers must comply with health and safety rules. In this study, the cooperative relationship between employers and employees and obeying the safety rules and health are examined in the industrial cooperatives of the Kurdistan province. This research is qualitative in terms of approach and practical in terms of objectives. Also,  the method of correlational research survey is used which was conducted in cooperative companies of Kurdistan in the spring of 2015. The target population included all employees of industrial cooperatives in Kurdistan. 264 people were selected by random sampling. In this study, two questionnaires are used as the main tool to measure and collect the data. Validity and reliability were approved. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used. The results demonstrated that there is positive and significant relationship collaboration between employers and employees and the safety and health. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Identification and Prioritization of Measures to Reduce the Failure of Health and Safety Policies Based on the Technique of Failure Modes and Effect Analysis
ehsan shahsavari Goqeri Mohamad Zyaaddini Mostafa Hadavinejad hamid taboli

Health and safety policies are implemented in the organizations to reduce occupational accidents and diseases and prevent waste of resources. Policy means the decisions and implementing the policy means the activities that help implementation directly. Numerous measures More

Health and safety policies are implemented in the organizations to reduce occupational accidents and diseases and prevent waste of resources. Policy means the decisions and implementing the policy means the activities that help implementation directly. Numerous measures will reduce the failure to implement occupational safety and health policies. In this research, these factors are identified and ranked.This research is applied and adopts survey as its strategy. The research population consists of 15 HSE managers in Kerman province who are selected through non-random and purposive sampling. Data collection tools are interviews and questionnaires and FMEA technique and integrated approach of AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS are used to analyze the data. Based on the findings, important and effective measures to reduce the failure of safety and health policies implementationinclude reducing the change of managers and requiring new managers to implement safety and health policies, developing scientific programs in accordance with the organization's capabilities and creating an appropriate organizational structure. According to the research findings, it is necessary for organizations to pay more attention to creating and strengthening the structure of safety and health units by carefully planning and changing the approach of managers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Presenting an interpretive structural model to improve the safety performance of employees (case study: one of Sirjan mining companies)
ehsan shahsavari Goqeri akbar koraki Somayeh Rashidi

Paying attention to the safety performance of employees is one of the most important factors in maintaining and protecting human resources in organizations.The purpose of this study is to provide an interpretive structural model to improve safety performance and is done More

Paying attention to the safety performance of employees is one of the most important factors in maintaining and protecting human resources in organizations.The purpose of this study is to provide an interpretive structural model to improve safety performance and is done through interviews with 12 safety experts to identify the components of semen performance and include them in a semi-closed questionnaire based on the Likert scale. Experts have identified them using snowball samples. Then, using fuzzy analysis, the items were screened and after categorization to discover the model, they were placed in the criteria related to modeling interpretive structure. According to the results obtained from the analysis of recent survey data, in total at 4 levels (first level: personality traits with conscience second level: safety; third level: safety knowledge, safety safety, safety attitude and safety motivation and level four: safety participation , Safety, observance of safety) were identified as effective factors in improving safety performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Prioritization and weighting of factors on the reduction of safety performance in mines based on the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method (Study case: Sirjan iron ore mines)
Somayeh Rashidi sajad zare ida tayebiyan

Planning in organizations pays attention to safe operation for the purpose of moving the organization towards reducing occupational accidents and diseases and preventing the wastage of resources. Safety performance refers to the set of actions and behaviors that they pe More

Planning in organizations pays attention to safe operation for the purpose of moving the organization towards reducing occupational accidents and diseases and preventing the wastage of resources. Safety performance refers to the set of actions and behaviors that they perform to maintain and improve the safety and health level of themselves and their colleagues. In this research, identification and prioritization of the active factors of work safety (the case study of iron ore mines in Sirjan) were carried out. This research was applied and in terms of strategy, survey and statistical sample of the research were 12 safety managers and experts working in the mines of Sirjan city, who were selected through non-random and purposeful sampling. The tools of data collection were semi-structured interviews and letters, and to analyze the questions, the technique of analyzing disordered situations and its approach and the combined approach of hierarchical analysis and the methods of preference for similarity to the ideal solution are used. Based on the findings, the lack of allocation of the necessary budget for safety programs, the lack of specialist staff in the fields and direct treatments, training and equipment by direct safety specialists has taken the value in the relative index and has the greatest effect in reducing it. They are a safety function. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - Mediating role in the relationship between perceived risk of emotional safety psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder
Maryam Darzi Azadboni Mohammad Kazem Fakhri Bahram Mirzaian

The purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structu More

The purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this study was all first grade students in the second high school of Sari in the academic year of 1398-98. 260 individuals were selected using stage sampling method and responded to Randomo & Aborson Risk Perception Questionnaire (2004), Social Anxiety Inventory (SPI), Psychological Injury Questionnaire (SCL-25) and Bruner et al. (2008) Emotional Safety Scale. They gave. The statistical method of the research was structural regression equations according to Spss24 and Amos23 software. Results showed that the research model was fit and 66% of the variable of psychological vulnerability could be explained by risk perception and emotional safety. There was also a significant negative correlation between the components of risk perception and emotional safety with psychological vulnerability. The results of this study emphasize the necessity of risk perception as well as the mediating role of emotional immunity on adolescents' psychological vulnerability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of the Native Package of Forgiveness based on Ancient Persian Literature with Worthington's Therapeutic Forgiveness on Emotional Dyslexia and Emotional Safety of Teenagers Attempting Suicide in Isfahan City
Reza Homaei Alireza Maredpour Armin Mahmudi

Purpose: The aim of the present study was the Compassion of treatment method forgiveness and compare it with effectiveness of Worthington method forgiveness of treatment on Alexithymia and Emotional Safety of Adolescents attempting Suicide in Isfahan. Methodology: The r More

Purpose: The aim of the present study was the Compassion of treatment method forgiveness and compare it with effectiveness of Worthington method forgiveness of treatment on Alexithymia and Emotional Safety of Adolescents attempting Suicide in Isfahan. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post- test and follow up with control group. The statistical population included all adolescents in the age group of 16 to 18 years who attempted suicide in Isfahan and sample size included 90 people, 30 of whom were randomly selected in the experimental group (treatment method forgiveness), 30 people in the experimental group (Worthington method forgiveness of treatment) and 30 in the control group and selected by available sampling method. Indigenous package based on ancient Persian literature of forgiveness (based on poems by Ferdowsi, Nezami, Khayyam, Molavi, Saadi and Roudaki) was implemented for adolescents who attempted suicide in the experimental group (in 8 sessions). Measurement tools included the 13- item Emotional Safety Questionnaire of Casey Family Service Center (2007) and the 20-item Alexithymia Questionnaire of Bagby, Parker and Taylor (1994). For data analysis, covariance analysis test with repeated measures was used. Findings: The results showed that there was a There was a significant difference between the effectiveness Worthington's forgiveness therapy and native package made by the researcher on the emotional safety of adolescents attempting suicide. Conclusion: There was also a There was no significant difference between the effectiveness of Worthington's forgiveness therapy and native package made by the researcher on emotional dyslexia of adolescents attempting suicide. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - Artificial sugars in the beverage industry and its relationship with food security
Bijan Khorshidpour Nobandengani Zeinab Esmaili Sara Abbasi Vardeh

Diet drink is a common term to describe drinks that have been sweetened with non-nutritive or artificial sweeteners (ASB). Marketing strategies often imply that consumption of these drinks promises weight control or weight loss (1). High consumption of free sugars, espe More

Diet drink is a common term to describe drinks that have been sweetened with non-nutritive or artificial sweeteners (ASB). Marketing strategies often imply that consumption of these drinks promises weight control or weight loss (1). High consumption of free sugars, especially through soft drinks, is a health concern on a global scale. Therefore, several measures, including taxation, were tentatively employed to reduce their consumption. However, the reduction of sugars in soft drinks has mostly come at the expense of adding non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) (5). Demand for zero-calorie sweeteners and natural derivatives have increased dramatically over the past decade as consumers become more health conscious. For several decades, sweeteners have been used to make food palatable and attract consumers. (C) Poor diet is one of the main causes of non-communicable diseases. Due to the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, there is a lot of focus on dietary overconsumption and energy restriction. Many strategies focus on improving energy balance to achieve successful weight loss. One of the ways to reduce energy consumption is to refrain from consuming sugars and replace them with artificial sweeteners, which maintain the taste without consuming calories. However, the safety and health benefits of consuming artificial sweeteners are a matter of debate in the scientific community and society at large. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - Investigating the types of effective antimicrobial substances in food packaging and safety
Javad Badrloo Mehdi Rasouli serveh Ahmadi

Food packaging leads to the preservation of products in a safe environment and facilitates its transportation and storage, or by preventing chemical contamination and increasing the useful life of food products, it provides convenience to consumers. Various materials ar More

Food packaging leads to the preservation of products in a safe environment and facilitates its transportation and storage, or by preventing chemical contamination and increasing the useful life of food products, it provides convenience to consumers. Various materials are used for food packaging, including plastic, glass, metals, paper, and their composites, and sometimes they add materials to increase the stability of the product. Due to the increasing awareness of consumers and the importance of transferring harmful substances from packaging materials to food, there is more concern about the use of any type of packaging material. The use of appropriate methods that guarantee the production, supply and consumption of healthy food along the food chain and the existence of a safe system and effective control of food will improve health and increase economic productivity. In food packaging, safety is very important. Packaging safety includes controlling the entry of harmful compounds from the packaging into the food. The interaction between food packaging and the penetration of immigrant compounds such as plasticizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, solvents, monomers and oligomers and pollutants resulting from the decomposition of monomers, additives and environmental pollutants changes the sensory characteristics of food. Factors affecting migration include the nature of the food, type, time and temperature of contact, the nature of the packaging material, the characteristics of the migrating material and its amount in the packaging, which are discussed in the research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - Sustainable food, the main axis of development
Somayeh Farhang Hulighi Fatemeh Heydari Dalanjan Aylin Behdashti Khosrowshahi

Food safety is one of the biggest public issues that has been the focus of many experts around the world. Microbiological, chemical and physical hazards can lead to problems in food safety. In order to deal with this group of problems and protect consumer health, fast, More

Food safety is one of the biggest public issues that has been the focus of many experts around the world. Microbiological, chemical and physical hazards can lead to problems in food safety. In order to deal with this group of problems and protect consumer health, fast, reliable and field deployable diagnostic methods with different requirements are needed. It is one of the necessary measures to prevent its occurrence and ensure food safety. Factors affecting the impact of optimal and positive nutrition include the use of multi-component interventions and gender-sensitive and participatory approaches that consider all areas. On the one hand, due to the diseases transmitted from food to humans and causing disturbances in human health, the ability to detect the presence of contamination in food and water (healthy from unhealthy) is of great importance.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - Effects of Adaptive Front- Lighting technology of vehicles headlight on safety improvement
علی بابائی

Vehicle safety is one of the most important concerns in vehicle industry. Night time accidents are a big risk for vehicle occupancies. According to the global statistics, only 25% of driving is in night, while in Europe, 55% of accidents are occurred in night time. This More

Vehicle safety is one of the most important concerns in vehicle industry. Night time accidents are a big risk for vehicle occupancies. According to the global statistics, only 25% of driving is in night, while in Europe, 55% of accidents are occurred in night time. This is 44% for the United States. Driver sight is the most important. So, appropriate lighting in the night can solve the problem of night time accidents. Because of the type of design and connection to vehicle, Old traditional lighting used in current vehicles, have limited performance. Until 90’s century, halogen headlamps were used. In 90’s century, xenon headlamps were used in place of halogen headlamps. For eliminate limitations of these lighting systems, Adaptive Front- Lighting system is used. In this paper, different technologies utilizes in vehicle lighting systems including halogen and xenon headlamps, LED technology in vehicle lighting system and Adaptive Front- Lighting system is studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Numerical simulation of smoke behavior in fire conditions in a short urban tunnel
Mehdi Rafiei

Along with the increasing development of countries, the daily need to transport various goods and equipment and travel in general for many reasons is increasing and for this reason, the number of different types of cars has significantly increased in recent years. In th More

Along with the increasing development of countries, the daily need to transport various goods and equipment and travel in general for many reasons is increasing and for this reason, the number of different types of cars has significantly increased in recent years. In this way, this issue has caused heavy traffic on highways and various roads in big cities. Various actions and approaches, including public transportation, have been taken into consideration to facilitate the traffic. However, in some cases the solution to facilitate traffic jams, especially in big cities, is to build urban tunnels. Therefore, in recent years, urban tunnels have been considered as a solution to facilitate traffic. In this regard, the study of safety in tunnels becomes very important. The aim of this article is to simulate a fire in a short tunnel with natural ventilation to consider the behavior of smoke in different scenarios of natural air flow in the tunnel. The results of CFD simulation showed that limited fire (usual small passenger cars) will not cause problems for people as well as rescue team, especially fire extinguishing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - Enhancing Social Interaction in Residential Complexes Case Study: Esfahan
Mahshad Kazemzade Reza Shakouri

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Open Access Article

90 - Risk assessment of Minab Hazrate Abolfazal hospital with JSA method using PHA-pro software
علیرضا Eyvazzadeh kalejahi

Hospitals are known as one of the important institutions in improving the health of people in society, and every country allocates a large part of its national income to expand and improve its efficiency. Nurses play a key and important role in providing optimal healthc More

Hospitals are known as one of the important institutions in improving the health of people in society, and every country allocates a large part of its national income to expand and improve its efficiency. Nurses play a key and important role in providing optimal healthcare services. The first step in achieving optimal nursing services is to understand the factors affecting the quality of nurses' activities. Due to the nature of work in the hospital and standing activity, it is the most common type of musculoskeletal disorders and back pain is highly prevalent among employees. The principles of ergonomics at work will not only preserve the health and efficiency of human resources in the human society, but will also prevent countries from incurring many financial costs. Identifying the errors in nursing jobs, hospital laboratories, finding their causes and providing corrective actions, all indicate the potential capability of the JSA job safety analysis method in identifying and evaluating possible risks in the aforementioned jobs. Considering the experience and expertise of psychologists in dealing with people and incidents, hiring a psychologist for the hospital can lead to reducing tensions in the reception department and reducing mental disorders among employees. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - -
li امیرخانی fahimeh derakhshanfard کامران امیرحاجبی

Nowadays, safety as a concept and method of dealing with dangers in order to save human lives and prevent damage is changing and growing, its initial form that once only a simple method, mainly corrective and not preventive to eliminate the causes of damage and Injuries More

Nowadays, safety as a concept and method of dealing with dangers in order to save human lives and prevent damage is changing and growing, its initial form that once only a simple method, mainly corrective and not preventive to eliminate the causes of damage and Injuries, in their current form, which is often a complex method and strict rules for safe injury control, have changed. Among the salient features of the concept of safety, there is sufficient capacity for tasks beyond identifying cause-and-effect relationships and designing practical control methods. These measures, from the beginning, have become practical methods of safety programs, thus Safety measures in all aspects of the industry (including the manufacturing industry) have increased over the years. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of HSE management on safety and continuous reduction of accidents, to determine the effect of health factors on entrepreneurship, to determine the effect of safety factors on entrepreneurship, to determine the effect of environmental factors on entrepreneurship. The method of this research was a descriptive survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection, which was done in the field. Applied because it seeks new knowledge that has a specific application to a product or process that is real. The present research is in the category of applied research in terms of purpose. terms of collection method, it is in the field of field library and in terms of method, it is in the category of scientific research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - -
فهیمه درخشانفر اکبر محمدنجد

The bitter consequences of the events of the past decades, such as the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in Japan, the Piper Alpha oil rig in the North Sea, or the recent environmental Fa in the Gulf of Mexico, and several other similar incidents have always been t More

The bitter consequences of the events of the past decades, such as the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in Japan, the Piper Alpha oil rig in the North Sea, or the recent environmental Fa in the Gulf of Mexico, and several other similar incidents have always been the answer to this fundamental question. It remains to be seen why, with the establishment of very strong safety, health and environmental management systems in such places, such incidents sometimes occur with irreparable consequences. Shouldn't the deployment of such systems anticipate, control, and naturally reduce the risks involved.This article tries to describe the advantages of Papion method in optimizing risk management optimization by improving inspection processes, forecasting, awareness and job satisfaction, as well as the risks of doing work at height that cause damage. And illustrate clearly the consequences that could threaten the workforce.Also, by establishing a connection between hardware and software systems and the required balances of a misunderstanding and establishing a connection between the risks and their consequences through the required barriers and compensatory devices in order to prevent the occurrence of accidents and chain consequences. Establish the results and demonstrate how to control them in a safe, healthy and environmentally friendly management system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - Analysis and identification of safety risks in construction projects with JSA method, using PHA-pro software
Abbas Babapour alireza Eyvazzadeh Kalejahi Reza Hajimohammadi

The construction industry is more risky than any other profession. There are many dangers in the construction sites; But there are many ways to minimize these adverse events. Construction involves a lot of risk and employers know that managing of workers is difficult. W More

The construction industry is more risky than any other profession. There are many dangers in the construction sites; But there are many ways to minimize these adverse events. Construction involves a lot of risk and employers know that managing of workers is difficult. When the employer decides to construct a building, he must arrange the necessary actions to prevent accidents, provide workers with safety equipment and give them the necessary training to prevent physical harm. In this research, the dangerous activities of construction works were assessed using the JSA method. Based on the opinions of the expert team, the range of numbers smaller than 10 is consider as low risk, the range of 10-12 is medium risk, and numbers above 12 high risk. Out of the total of 13 activities in the construction project, 5 incidents are high risk incidents, 5 incidents are moderate risk activities and 3 incidents are in the low risk range. After the corrective actions, high risk activities were removed and only 3 activities were included in the range of medium risks. The rest of the activities were considered in the safe zone. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - International Responsibility Regime for Unilateral US Sanctions against Iran's Aviation Industry
Hamidreza Seyedi Seyed Bagher Mirabasi Ehsan Kamrani

International responsibility law is considered as an international legal entity and the international responsibility regime is a set of international rules and regulations related to the issue of responsibility of countries and international organizations, which play th More

International responsibility law is considered as an international legal entity and the international responsibility regime is a set of international rules and regulations related to the issue of responsibility of countries and international organizations, which play the role of creating cooperation, stability, assign rights and obligations for the states. This study, through a descriptive-analytical method of documents, conducts legal review of the regime of international responsibility of governments and international organizations in the face of US purposeful sanctions against the safety and security of Iran's aviation, which is in serious danger. Therefore, first the international responsibility of governments and international organizations for aviation safety and security in international law and then the elements of fulfillment of responsibility, ie commitment and assignment are examined. The findings indicate a violation of Article 44 of the Chicago Convention, the Charter of UN and aviation sanctions are inconsistent with the principles of international law. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - A New Approach to Promote Safety in the Software Life Cycle
Shahrzad Oveisi Mohammad Ali Farsi Mohammad Nadjafi Ali Moeini

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96 - Exploring Effective Factors in Ergonomic System Responsiveness to Managers and Employees’ Requirements: A Case Study of Irankhodro Company
Mohammad Mehdi Movahedi Morteza Yousefy

In this paper, we introduce ergonomic system in assembly department of Irankhodro as a case study, and then we measure its role in employees’ health and improving efficiency and productivity. To this end, we studied the effective factors including environmental, p More

In this paper, we introduce ergonomic system in assembly department of Irankhodro as a case study, and then we measure its role in employees’ health and improving efficiency and productivity. To this end, we studied the effective factors including environmental, physical, safety, mental, psychological, and training. This research is descriptive – applicative in nature. Data were collected through observation, interview, and questioners. We used t student, ANOVA, and multi-dimensional comparing statistical techniques for analyzing the data. The results of t student trial showed that there is a meaningful relationship between employees’ mental and psychological factors at 0.05. There is also a meaningful difference between environmental, ventilation, and physical factors and the rate of carrying the goods. Beside, the results of ANOVA trial showed that there is a relationship between different levels of managers, and employees’ judgments regarding environmental, physical, and mental factors. The results of multi-comparison trial also confirmed differences among employees’ ideas, and the judgments of medium, and executives’ managers of the organization. After analyzing the opinions of employees and managers, we concluded that ergonomic system cannot apply to some employees’ needs. So, we tried to examine the difficulties and hindrances in the application of environmental ergonomic system. Finally, some suggestions for promoting the ergonomic systems are provided. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Knowledge Diffusion to Workplace Safety and Health Improvement
Kassu Jilcha Daniel Kitaw Birhanu Beshah

10.22094/joie.2016.256

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Open Access Article

98 - A Combined Fuzzy Logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process Method for Optimal Selection and Locating of Pedestrian Crosswalks
Mohammad Reza Ahadi Ali Reza Mahpour Vahid Taraghi

10.22094/joie.2017.458.0

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Open Access Article

99 - Optimizing Inventory Management Costs in Supply Chains by Determining Safety Stock Placement
Abdollah Arasteh

10.22094/joie.2021.1890937.1719

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Open Access Article

100 - A New Analysis of Critical Paths in Mega Projects with Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Activities by Considering Time, Cost, Risk, Quality, and Safety Factors
Yahya Dorfeshan Seyed Meysam Mousavi Behnam Vahdani

10.22094/joie.2021.761.1485

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Open Access Article

101 - Identifying the Factors Affecting Consumer Perceptions on Product Safety and Model Presentation (Case study: Home Appliances Consumers)
Saeed Ahmadian Seyed kamran Nourbakhsh Ghasemali Bazaee Seyed Abbas Heydari

10.22094/joie.2021.1907025.1781

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Open Access Article

102 - Three Metaheuristic Algorithms for Solving the Multi-item Capacitated Lot-sizing Problem with Product Returns and Remanufacturing
Esmaeil Mehdizadeh Amir Fatehi Kivi

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Open Access Article

103 - A Multi-level Capacitated Lot-sizing Problem with Safety Stock Deficit and Production Manners: A Revised Simulated Annealing
Esameil Mehdizadeh Mohammad Reza Mohammadizadeh

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Open Access Article

104 - Numerical Investigation of the Limit Equilibrium Method in Tunnel Stability Using Finite Element (FEM)
Semko Arefpanah Alireza Sharafi

10.22094/jseg.2023.1964070.1121

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Open Access Article

105 - A Comparison of Seismic Safety of Steel MRF Designed According to Different Editions of Iranian Seismic Code
kiarash Nasserasadi

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Open Access Article

106 - The Analysis of Relationship between Perception of Social Safety and Social Isolation (Case Study: Students of Shiraz University)
dorna salamatian Masoud Khalili

10.30495/jss.2020.1879815.1170

Social isolation prevents constructive partnership of people in society. Since the perception of social safety is one of the critical variables affecting social isolation, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the perception of social safety a More

Social isolation prevents constructive partnership of people in society. Since the perception of social safety is one of the critical variables affecting social isolation, this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the perception of social safety and social isolation among students of Shiraz University. The statistical population was all students of Shiraz University. Using Cochran formula, 411 people were determined as sample size and selected using cluster sampling. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire that was compiled by using the scales of perception of social safety and social isolation. The findings indicate a reverse and significant relationship between social isolation and the variables of age and dimensions of perception of social safety (perception of economical security, Perception of Political Security, perception of judicial security, perception of psychological security and Perception of Public Security); also, the variables of gender, marital status, educational level, social class and place of residence had significant differences with social isolation; but the field of study did not show a significant difference between students' social isolation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

107 - Investigating the rate of urban viability at Gated comminutes:The metropolitan city of Tabriz
Ali Azar

10.30495/jss.2021.1875035.1159

Exclusive residential complexes are complexes that are separated from other areas through physical factors such as walls. The exclusive neighborhoods are divided into three sections including lifestyle, social status and the safe neighborhoods. According to a variety of More

Exclusive residential complexes are complexes that are separated from other areas through physical factors such as walls. The exclusive neighborhoods are divided into three sections including lifestyle, social status and the safe neighborhoods. According to a variety of environmental, economical and social problems of the horizontal and sporadic development of cities and also the need to provide housing, especially in big cities, planning and designing the residential complexes in order to answer the needs of citizens seems absolutely necessary. Reviewing and explaining the concept of vitality in exclusive residential complexes and identifying its main factors are the main goals of this research. This is an applied- developmental research and the method is a descriptive- analytical one. The main dimensions of vitality are physical, social, economical and environmental factors. The results showed that based on the specified criteria and in accordance with the combined index, the vitality in exclusive complex, with an average of 3.25 is relatively favorable. The research results also refer to the impact of exclusive residential complexes in increasing the social stability and improving the social sustainability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - Investigating the security commitment of digital and software systems manufacturers in Islamic jurisprudence, Iranian and European subject laws
Seyed Mohammad Reza Hosseini Alireza mazloomrahni Alireza Rajabzadehestahbanati

10.22034/ijrj.2022.694907

Digital and software systems are undoubtedly the vital force governing the information society. As it plays a huge role in the economy and employment of the society in the present era, with the expansion of its application in various aspects of life, the category of def More

Digital and software systems are undoubtedly the vital force governing the information society. As it plays a huge role in the economy and employment of the society in the present era, with the expansion of its application in various aspects of life, the category of defects and disadvantages has also arisen in this field. And the software in Islamic jurisprudence, the subject laws of Iran and Europe" and the result is that: the obligation of safety can be obtained from the works of Islamic jurists, because their emphasis is on production without harm and such discussions can be discovered under jurisprudential rules. The presence of safe goods in the market of any countries is necessary for the health and general well-being of the citizens living in that country, therefore the right to safety and having safe digital and software systems is granted among the human rights and also the basic rights of every consumer. Considering the extreme importance of the right to safety, special attention has been paid to this right in the consumer protection laws of Iran and Europe, and various arrangements have been made to guarantee its observance by suppliers - both manufacturers and distributors. At the international level, especially in the European Union, a lot of effort has been made to realize this purpose. However, the situation in our country is somehow different and the existing regulations are not in any ways adequate to the purpose. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - Evaluation of knowledge, attitudes and practices of staff in food catering towards safety and hygiene indices
H. Ebdali M. Sami Akbar Hasanzadeh B. Ahmadi Z. Esfandiari

10.30495/jfh.2020.1897827.1267

Providing hygiene and safe food in catering has a critical role in protecting consumers from foodborne diseases. This survey aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of staff in food catering towards safety and hygiene indices. This cross-secti More

Providing hygiene and safe food in catering has a critical role in protecting consumers from foodborne diseases. This survey aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of staff in food catering towards safety and hygiene indices. This cross-sectional study was performed by a self-administered questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of 110 food staff in food catering at the Isfahan University of Medical Science and the University of Isfahan. The average score of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of respondents was 62.96±19.9, 70.8±9.8, and 88.6±5.3, respectively. According to the results, the level of the criteria was desirable. A positive correlation was observed between knowledge, attitudes, and practices, while no correlation was found between attitude and practice. Although the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of food staff was desirable, weakness in some hygiene criteria such as controlling foodborne microorganisms and critical temperature, was found. It is recommended to have effective educational intervention in the implementation of safety and hygiene in food catering to prevent the occurring of foodborne diseases. Manuscript profile

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110 - Determination of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu contents in raw milk from Khorram-Abad dairies
S. Sobhanardakani محسن Tizhosh

Heavy metals are the most important chemical pollutants of foods. Milk and dairy products due to the nutritional functions are largely consumed by infants and children around the world. The purpose of this study was to analyze Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu contents in raw cow milks More

Heavy metals are the most important chemical pollutants of foods. Milk and dairy products due to the nutritional functions are largely consumed by infants and children around the world. The purpose of this study was to analyze Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu contents in raw cow milks produced in dairies of Lorestan industrial livestock zone during 2014. A total of 24 milk samples was collected from eight dairies. The samples were subjected to acid digestion according to standard method. Afterwards, the metal contents were determined using ICP-OES. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package. The results showed that mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu in milk samples were 3072±674, 2720±2790, 104±18.5 and 142±149 µg/kg, respectively. Also comparison of the mean concentrations of the metals with the WHO maximum permissible limits in milk revealed that the mean concentrations of all metals were significantly higher than permissible limits. Because of the mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu in milk samples were higher than Mean Residual Limits, therefore to achieve the consumers’ safety, monitoring of feed intake, water supplies, soil properties around livestock and forage crops and control of pollutants emission from industries near the livestock are recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

111 - Levels and health risk assessment of As and Zn in Shirazi thyme, sweet violet, pennyroyal and jujube marketed in Hamedan City
M. Karimi L. Tayebi S. Sobhanardakani

The use of medicinal herbs plays a vital role in improving the health of human society. Since the plants are the most important transmission route of heavy metals into human food chain and biological cycles, this study was conducted to assess the health risk of concentr More

The use of medicinal herbs plays a vital role in improving the health of human society. Since the plants are the most important transmission route of heavy metals into human food chain and biological cycles, this study was conducted to assess the health risk of concentration of As and Zn in Shirazi thyme, sweet viola, pennyroyal and jujube marketed in Hamedan City during 2015. After preparation of 3 samples of each medicinal plant, the samples were digested in acid according to the standard methods. The concentration of each element in the samples was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) in 3 replicates. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package. The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of As and Zn were 0.035±0.026 and 1880±520 µg/kg related to thyme and viola, respectively. The results of health index for all samples were found lower than one. Moreover, the mean concentration of As and Zn in all samples were lower than WHO permissible limits. Although controlled consumption of medicinal plants has not adverse effect on the consumers’ health, concerning to the bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the long-term, regular periodic monitoring of chemical pollutants content especially heavy metals in medicinal plants are recommended for food safety. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

112 - Analysis of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations in types of cabbage marketed in Hamedan City
سهیل Sobhanardakani S.M Jafari

   Today, due to the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with wastewater and treated with sewage sludge has become increasing concern in the field of food safety and health of consumers. Therefore this study was conducted for analysis of Pb, C More

   Today, due to the accumulation of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with wastewater and treated with sewage sludge has become increasing concern in the field of food safety and health of consumers. Therefore this study was conducted for analysis of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations of 3 types of cabbage marketed in Hamedan City during 2013. For this purpose after buying 30 samples of each species of cabbage and then acid digestion of the samples according to standard methods, elements (Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni) were determined using ICP-OES (Varian, 710-ES, Australia). All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package. The results showed that mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni in Cabbage samples were 15.53±3.43, 59.33±5.35, 2.22±1.61 and 14.97±2.83 mg/kg, respectively; mean concentrations of these elements in red cabbage samples were 23.03±5.89, 37.53±4.21, 13.33±3.24 and 15.03±3.04 mg/kg, respectively; and mean concentrations of elements in broccoli samples were 8.00±3.63, 45.90±5.86, 8.20±3.39 and 16.93±3.08 mg/kg, respectively. Also comparison of the mean concentrations of evaluated metals in specimens with FAO/WHO permissible limits showed that significant difference (p<0.05), so that the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd in all evaluated samples and the mean concentrations of Cr in red cabbage and broccoli samples are significantly higher than permissible limits. Therefore these species is not suitable for consume by human and manage the culture conditions is recommended.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

113 - Analysis of knowledge and attitude towards food safety among university students in Gorgan city
آمنه Avarand احمد Abedi-Sarvestani

   Food hygiene is considered as an indication of community health. For this reason, consumers need to have enough information about the safe methods of providing, storage and preparation of foods. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards More

   Food hygiene is considered as an indication of community health. For this reason, consumers need to have enough information about the safe methods of providing, storage and preparation of foods. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards food safety among university students. The survey research was used to study 400 students at the four universities of Gorgan city during 2013. The universities included Gorgan Azad University, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan Medical University and Golestan University. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire which its validity and reliability were verified by face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. The results showed that for the university students, families and TV programs are the main sources for gaining information about food safety. Furthermore, knowledge and attitude of students towards food safety was determined as "fairly good" and "good" respectively. Female students had more knowledge and favorable attitudes towards food safety than male students. Based on results, food safety knowledge was not related to age, place of birth and residence and the type of housing; however it is associated to the level of parents' education and occupation. Attitude towards food safety also was found to be associated with birthplace and studying degree. It was concluded that it is necessary to deliver the educational programs about food safety for the university students along with the installation of food borne disease surveillance system.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

114 - Evaluation of organophosphorus pesticide Diazinon residue in greenhouse crops using spectrophotometry (Case Study: Mushroom)
سهیل Sobhanardakani سیمین دخت Sadri سعید Jameh Bozorgi

Pesticides are among the chief sources of environmental pollutants that have impacts on living creatures and humans health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of organophosphorus pesticide Diazinon residues in mushroom using Spectrophotometry. A More

Pesticides are among the chief sources of environmental pollutants that have impacts on living creatures and humans health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of organophosphorus pesticide Diazinon residues in mushroom using Spectrophotometry. A total number of 10 mushroom samples was collected from the active greenhouses around Hamedan city as well as commercial brands that present their products in Hamedan retails. The samples were prepared and Diazinon residue in samples was read by Spectrophotometer in 3 replicates. Mean value of Diazinon concentration in different commercial brands was estimated at 0.126, 0.125, 0.166, 0.040, 0.130, 0.081, 0.129, 0.132, 0.128 and 0.129 mg/kg that were above the Europe Union Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). Moreover, the comparison of results achieved from the different samples show significant different between greenhouses of 3, 4 and 6 (p>0/05). It was concluded that training of farmers to use appropriate amounts of pesticides would guaranty the safety and health of consumers of agriculture products. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

115 - Survey on attitude and knowledge of food safety and sanitation among soldiers of Arak Malek- Ashtar Garrison
G.H Jahed حافظ Golestani Far مهدی Vesoghi باقر Pahlavanzade عبدالله Dargahi

   Food safety knowledge is considered as an important precautionary principle for foodborne illnesses as well as protecting environment from contamination.The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of soldiers of food safety and More

   Food safety knowledge is considered as an important precautionary principle for foodborne illnesses as well as protecting environment from contamination.The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of soldiers of food safety and sanitation. A cross-sectional-analytical study was performed on 191 of Arak Malek-Ashtar garrison soldiers and the survey questionnaire contained personal information about food safety knowledge and attitude. According to the results, 57% of the soldiers had a good knowledge, 18% an average and 25% had a low degree of knowledge about food safety and sanitation. Although all soldiers had good attitude towards food safety, a statistically significant correlation (p<0.01) was observed between the knowledge of soldiers with medical education and the other soldiers. Results did not reveal significant difference between various age categories in terms of knowledge. Since, some of the soldiers had low degree of knowledge, it is essential to include food safety courses during military training.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - Providing a Model for Safety Risk in Construction Projects Using Fuzzy Expert System and Genetic Algorithm
Mehdi Vakilzadeh Mohsenali Shayanfar Masoud ZabihiSamani Mehdi Ravanshadnia

10.30495/qjopm.2021.1929803.3145

Today, the construction industry has a significant share of the economy and is considered as a leading and employment-generating industry. Due to various and sometimes risky activities during construction, there is a possibility of risks and personal and financial injur More

Today, the construction industry has a significant share of the economy and is considered as a leading and employment-generating industry. Due to various and sometimes risky activities during construction, there is a possibility of risks and personal and financial injuries, the control of which can be very effective in the success of the project. In the present study, a model for evaluating the safety risks of construction projects has been presented and new powerful tools such as fuzzy expert system improved with genetic algorithm have been used. Therefore, at first, the main factors influencing the safety of construction projects were identified by studying the literature and consulting with experts. Then, a questionnaire was provided to the experts to obtain their views and assess the severity of the risk effect and the probability of the occurrence of each risk. Then, based on the experts’ views, an expert system was obtained to assess the risks, which instead of using zero and one logic, governing expert systems, fuzzy logic was used. In the proposed model, to improve the performance of the fuzzy expert system, the genetic algorithm was employed as an optimizer. The research results indicated the optimal performance of the proposed model in assessing the safety risks of construction projects, so that the error rate of the model was acceptable. The model can also provide an effective tool for project managers in assessing and refining the safety situation in the construction site. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

117 - Determination of safety components in distressed areas of the metropolitan city of Ahvaz tissue
Saeed Amanpoor farhad sajadiniko

Today, in the wake of fast changing cities, part of the urban fabric and inefficiency have failed due to exhaustion Proper relationship with their environment and communicate services to beneficiaries. There are widely worn-out tissue one of the challenges of urban mana More

Today, in the wake of fast changing cities, part of the urban fabric and inefficiency have failed due to exhaustion Proper relationship with their environment and communicate services to beneficiaries. There are widely worn-out tissue one of the challenges of urban managers, planners and architects. Because the lack of attention to these tissues results in the decline of the city And uneven development and the creation of new cities on the edge of the old town. . As the scope of the study area 1 in Ahwaz Ahwaz because a significant portion of the problems in this area is the exact representation And the central part because of the extension too severe exhaustion in the old context and Rand were studied. The present study aimed at developing practical terms and in terms of cross-sectional methodology Based on library studies and field surveys . To achieve the research objectives, indicators building structure, building materials, number of floors, age, size and permeability were building. For the weight of the layers in the spatial data method was used AHP FUZZY. The method to determine the immunity status of old ones (HOT SPOT) from the instrument cluster & outlier analysis of a set of software tools available in Spatial Statistics Tools for ArcGIS is used. The results show that 83/45 percent of worn-out tissue in the range of moderate to very insecure that show safety Much of the central area of old ones require planning an immunization tissue. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Assessing the Safety of rurban areas with emphasis on passive defense indexes (Case Study: Oshtorinan rurban)
عبدالرضا رحمانی فضلی مجید سعیدی راد سما امینی

Dealing with crisis, the safety and security an important issue for management and good governance in order to achieve the objectives of sustainable development and integrated management of urban and rural settlements. This study aimed to investigate the safety spaces i More

Dealing with crisis, the safety and security an important issue for management and good governance in order to achieve the objectives of sustainable development and integrated management of urban and rural settlements. This study aimed to investigate the safety spaces in the Oshtorinan rurban according to the principles of passive defense, and identify and eliminate safety reducing factors in the region is conducted. The research method is descriptive-analytical and applied research. Data collection Based on documentary research and fieldwork and analysis of data obtained using the SWOT method is conducted. The target population of this study was locals, professionals, experts and authorities and institutions responsible for urban development, military affairs, Defence and Security of area of study.In this study sample size was determined based on random sampling to select 80 persons and Delphi Technique and expert opinions were used to recognize the indicators. Finally findings suggest that despite the proper context, Oshtorinan rurban is not in good condition in terms of passive defense criteria.Eventually suggestions and strategies is prioritized and presented in this, rurban for increasing safety according to the principles ofpassive defense by using quantitative matrix QSPM. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - The Role of Foot Bridge in Social-traffic Discipline and Safety Case study :( Kerman city)
Abolfazl Ghanbari Fariba Karami Seyyed Ahmad Heydarinia

Traffic in various cities depending on the social, cultural, and industrial and urbanity pertinence of that situation have different reasons. Excessive population growth and quick increase of the number of vehicles in our country and on the other hand, fixed physical st More

Traffic in various cities depending on the social, cultural, and industrial and urbanity pertinence of that situation have different reasons. Excessive population growth and quick increase of the number of vehicles in our country and on the other hand, fixed physical structure and quality of pathways and streets, and the transformation states, leads to vehicle compressibility in communicative routes. Kerman as one of the metropolises in Iran is not an exception. Since one of main traffic problems of Kerman is related to cultural issue for encouraging people to use Foot Bridge, the main objective of this research is to study the existing bridge’s condition and analyze its efficiency. In an analytical and descriptive research through testing the null hypothesis , the quantitative results of which was verified by the collected qualitative data, the researcher attempted to determine the perception of the citizens of the efficiency of the existing footbridges. The findings revealed that citizens believes that existing structure of footbridge can't be helpful in reducing the traffic density in communicative routes in Kerman. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

120 - The Role of Foot Bridge in Social-traffic Discipline and Safety Case study :( Kerman city)
Hojjat Allah Sharafi

Traffic in various cities depending on the social, cultural, and industrial and urbanity pertinence of that situation have different reasons. Excessive population growth and quick increase of the number of vehicles in our country and on the other hand, fixed physical st More

Traffic in various cities depending on the social, cultural, and industrial and urbanity pertinence of that situation have different reasons. Excessive population growth and quick increase of the number of vehicles in our country and on the other hand, fixed physical structure and quality of pathways and streets, and the transformation states, leads to vehicle compressibility in communicative routes. Kerman as one of the metropolises in Iran is not an exception. Since one of main traffic problems of Kerman is related to cultural issue for encouraging people to use Foot Bridge, the main objective of this research is to study the existing bridge’s condition and analyze its efficiency. In an analytical and descriptive research through testing the null hypothesis , the quantitative results of which was verified by the collected qualitative data, the researcher attempted to determine the perception of the citizens of the efficiency of the existing footbridges. The findings revealed that citizens believes that existing structure of footbridge can't be helpful in reducing the traffic density in communicative routes in Kerman. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - Evaluating Organizational Performance Based on Safety Management Using Data Envelopment Analysis; Case Study: Isfahan Car Industry
Hadi Shirooyezad Negin Berjis Farimah Mokhatab Rafiei

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Open Access Article

122 - A review of the structure, mechanism, and application of bacteriocins in foods as natural preservatives
Seyedeh-Maryam Hasheminya Jalal Dehghannya

In recent years, the incidence of foodborne illnesses has caused considerable concern among the population. Despite advanced mechanisms in health and inspection during food production, microorganisms are potential hazards during food processing, packaging, transportatio More

In recent years, the incidence of foodborne illnesses has caused considerable concern among the population. Despite advanced mechanisms in health and inspection during food production, microorganisms are potential hazards during food processing, packaging, transportation, storage, and distribution. To reduce the economic loss and life-threatening diseases, and also diminish the adverse effects of chemical preservatives on foods and the increased resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics, the application of natural antimicrobial compounds that have detrimental and inhibitory effects on the pathogenic agents has been considered by researchers. Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria such as nisin, lacticin 3147, pediocin PA-1, pediocin AcH, and enterocin A and B are natural antimicrobial additives. Researchers face limitations when using bacteriocins such as inappropriate distribution in the food matrix, lack of inhibition in gram-negative bacteria and yeast, inefficiency in the neutral and alkaline pH range, and inactivation at high temperatures. To address these problems, processed bacteriocins such as microencapsulated nisin are used instead of free nisin. Also, bacteriocins are applied in combination with other processes such as active packaging, high hydrostatic pressures, pulsed electric fields, gentle heat treatments, and lactoperoxidase system. In this study, first, the bacteriocins in terms of their structure and mechanism of action are reviewed and then the use of bacteriocins in foods as natural preservatives is discussed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

123 - Evaluation of health status, chemical parameters and organoleptic properties of some nomadic dairy products in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
mohsen bagheri ahmadreza shaviklo

This study aimed to determine the health status, chemical parameters and organoleptic properties of some nomadic dairy products in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Referring to the nomads of the province, three products including Curd, Gharaghorot and Gee were sample More

This study aimed to determine the health status, chemical parameters and organoleptic properties of some nomadic dairy products in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Referring to the nomads of the province, three products including Curd, Gharaghorot and Gee were sampled. Sensory experimentation included perfume, flavors, texture, color and overall acceptance. The amount of protein, fat, salt, moisture, ash and some minerals and the E.Coli, Staphylococcus aureus, coliforms, mold and yeast contamination and total microorganisms count in the samples were studied. The amount of protein(P Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

124 - Conformity assessment of health quality of some traditional dairy products with national standards and health regulations of home businesses
Amir Reza Shaviklo Rahele Nezhad Razmjoui Akhgar Seyed Saeed Sekhavatizadeh

10.30495/jfm.2023.1967750.1788

The health concerns of the Food and Drug Organization and the imposition of strict health regulations have prevented the establishment of many home-based food businesses, including local dairy products, in Iran. This approach has caused the lack of development of this s More

The health concerns of the Food and Drug Organization and the imposition of strict health regulations have prevented the establishment of many home-based food businesses, including local dairy products, in Iran. This approach has caused the lack of development of this sector of rural and nomadic industries and even the loss of local knowledge of the production of some of these products, which is very worrying. The purpose of this research was to assess the conformity of some traditional dairy products with the national standard and health regulations of home businesses in order to help the development of entrepreneurship in this field. In this study, conformity assessment was done by the independent assessment method (third person). Initially, the legal requirements, i.e., the national standards related to dairy products and production health regulations, were selected and compiled. The sampling of products and measurement of physicochemical and microbial characteristics were carried out based on relevant national standards. Then, the degree of conformity of these products with the legal requirements (national standards) was determined by matching the findings with the standard limits. Based on the obtained results, the health conditions of Lighvan cheese, Jug cheese, skin cheese, Salmas cheese, Arushe, Kashk, Qaraqrout, Chiko, Tof, Dogh and ghee products were in good agreement with the national standard criteria. Therfore, these products can be consumed without worrying about microbial and heavy metals contamination. The development of these products in the form of home businesses can play an important role in creating employment and improving the economy of rural areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - بررسی سمیت حاد و مزمن عصاره متانولی پوست گیاه Bombax costatum (Bombacaceae در موش
نونو محمد جوسف آنوکا علیو موسی جامیلو یاو

Background & Aim:Bombax costatumis widely used in the African traditional medicine for the management of liver diseases, fever, epilepsy and pain but its safety on prolong administration have not been evaluated. The present study aimed at evaluating the toxicologica More

Background & Aim:Bombax costatumis widely used in the African traditional medicine for the management of liver diseases, fever, epilepsy and pain but its safety on prolong administration have not been evaluated. The present study aimed at evaluating the toxicological properties of the methanol stem bark extract (MSBE) of Bombax costatum. Experimental: Oral median lethal dose (LD50) was estimated. Effects of methanol stem bark extract of Bombax costatum (MSBE)(31.25, 62.5 and 125 mg/kg) on mean body weight, relative organ weight (ROW), liver function, kidney function, lipid profile, haematological parameters and histopathological changes in some organs were evaluated following 28 days daily oral administration to mice. Results: Oral LD50 of MSBE of B. costatum was estimated to be >5000 mg/kg. There was significant (p < /em>>0.005) increase in mean body weight of mice over time. The extract caused significant (p < /em><0.05) increase in ROW of liver and significant (p < /em><0.05) decrease in ROW of the kidneys at 125mg/kg. Significant increase in alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase were also observed at 125 mg/kg when compared to normal control group. Mild to moderate necrosis were also observed in the liver and kidneys of treated groups. Recommended applications/industries: The results suggested that prolong oral administration of methanol stem bark extract of B.costatum at doses higher than 62.5 mg/kg might be toxic to the liver and kidneys. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

126 - Voting Algorithm Based on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System for Fault Tolerant Systems
Masoumeh Pourhasan Abbas Karimi

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Open Access Article

127 - Evaluation of Urban Defenseless Spaces Using Safety Audit (Case Study: Tehran Harandi Neighborhood)
Hossein Farhdikhah Keramatollah Zyari Mohsen Kalantari

security and sense of it in cities is one of the most important needs of the citizens that the reduction or lack of them affect heavily on the quality of life of citizens and their use of urban spaces, particularly urban public spaces is negatively affected. Meanwhile, More

security and sense of it in cities is one of the most important needs of the citizens that the reduction or lack of them affect heavily on the quality of life of citizens and their use of urban spaces, particularly urban public spaces is negatively affected. Meanwhile, existence of defenseless spaces in a neighborhood is among the main factors that reduce security for citizens. This issue in worn and old urban areas, according to their physical and social condition, is more obvious. The aim of this study is investigating urban defenseless spaces in Harandi neighborhood. This study is among applied one and research method is descriptive and analytical and data collecting is done by documents - field. In field section, direct observation and a questionnaire in chart of model safety assessment examine the issue. For data analysis SPSS software is used. Cronbach Alpha for the questionnaire is designed 0/896 (more than 0/7). The results show that safety space through the neighborhood is inadequate (mean =0/238). The results also indicates that among the studied indicators, the presence of people in space (private space or too much congestion) has the greatest impact on defenseless neighborhood spaces (B=0/237). Finally, to improve making safety of spaces defenseless in neighborhood level solutions are presented. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - Examining the safety status of sidewalks adjacent to shopping centers with emphasis on walkability (A case stuy of Sari)
S. abbasi S. lotfi M. ghadami

Planning and design of cities based on the needs of pedestrians is one of the new approaches which are paid less attention in planning of the Iranian cities. In most cases priority is given to passing vehicle that jeopardize the safety of the citizens. Safety and securi More

Planning and design of cities based on the needs of pedestrians is one of the new approaches which are paid less attention in planning of the Iranian cities. In most cases priority is given to passing vehicle that jeopardize the safety of the citizens. Safety and security are very crucial in continues presence and collective life in urban space. So the present research aims to examine safety of sidewalks adjacent to shopping centre with emphasis on walkability. The samples are selected from all beneficiaries of two main street of Sari city as Garan and Farhang by conducting a field work to complete the given questionnaires. The collected data are analyzed using SPSS20 and also different statistical such as factor analysis, Freidman and one tailed T test. The results showed that the means of respondents has not essential difference with theoretical mean of 3. So it showed that the citizens have no sufficient safety against vehicles. The results of factor analyses revealed that in general two factors of safety -security and the impact of removing roadway system included about 53.9 percent of total variability of variables. Finally; the ranking of sidewalk safety components showed that creating cultural activities could increase the security and safety of the streets with mean rank of 7.38. The second priority was give to the removing of roadway system with mean of 5.97. So it can be concluded that separation of vehicle system from pedestrian in main shopping centers can help to safety and security. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

129 - Classification desirability in terms of density indicators in the process of evaluating the safety domains in the process of physical growth of the city
Seyed Masoud Mousavi Keramatollah Ziari Hossen Soltanzadeh

Due to the complexity of relationships between levels of quality residential environment influencing human ethology, the causes of the change of the quality system approach based on the environment can be explained. The dynamics of changes in the quality of the environm More

Due to the complexity of relationships between levels of quality residential environment influencing human ethology, the causes of the change of the quality system approach based on the environment can be explained. The dynamics of changes in the quality of the environment cannot be studied by linear perspectives. Behavioral analysis system so change the quality of the environment must use approaches and dynamic simulations.Applied research based on this description and analysis will be with the help of system modeling in computer applications and analysis resources, resources, activities and location as well as the extraction of effective parameters on the physical growth of urban safety in the process of city planning of the resources assembled about location analysis and in this regard the location of resources and activities in the planning. In this way, planning is based on the real-world data collection and the use of basic maps update, all real-world objects on a regular basis to the information and analysis of the data with the model for the next draneha which is essentially a place as one of the most important dimensions in the model to be the next location or place of establishment on the basis of and the effects of human activities, objects, and other information about the view, the model of analysis and planning unfold. The basis of the correct location, resource planning and analytical and logical models can be calculated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

130 - Urban disaster management with Emphasis on Process after disaster
masood taghvaee Mozhgan Darabi

Natural disasters lead to sad tragedies and very day life would be disordered after them, people would need to food, cloths, shelter, and healthcare. All nations need the crisis management in order to reduce the impacts of natural disasters, managing the relief operatio More

Natural disasters lead to sad tragedies and very day life would be disordered after them, people would need to food, cloths, shelter, and healthcare. All nations need the crisis management in order to reduce the impacts of natural disasters, managing the relief operation, rescue, temporary settlement, and reconstruction. In this paper we study the initial level of crisis which includes safety, warning, and training. Manuscript profile

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131 - Safety in Agricultural Extension and Development in Cross River State
Ofem Etim Kennedy Obu Matilda Obhiokhenan

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132 - This study attempts to be addressed the social and cultural factors affecting workplace Safety
Asghar mohammdi ali sayadinejad منصور حقیقتیان شاپور بهیان

AbstractThis study attempts to be addressed the social and cultural factors affecting workplace Safety. Human resources one of the three pillars of economic development, which are financial resources, human resources and management very often are exposed to risks of ser More

AbstractThis study attempts to be addressed the social and cultural factors affecting workplace Safety. Human resources one of the three pillars of economic development, which are financial resources, human resources and management very often are exposed to risks of serious injuries in the economic sectors. In this way, there are various problems and normal and abnormal threats.The culture of safety and labor protection are directly related to the health workforce. safety of work environment, faces unfortunately a lot of damage in this regard agriculture, industry and services, and so.In this study the effects of different theorists and scholars, including immune comments sociologists used to develop and assumptions. The population includes employees of factories and industry and developmental workshops in Borojen city that is roughly 1,000 .Number of questionnaires based on the formula of Cochran were 278 people, mostly employees working in industries and workshops which are selected using random sampling techniques. Data for this study were collected using a questionnaire, which included a Likert scale. The data collected and data analysis was completed using SPSS software and the Pearson correlation test Stepwise regression analysis and Friedman test and t-test. The results show that there are significant relationship between the independent variable safety and The dependent variable status, revenue, social and human service education, social environment and climate, supervision, motivation and interest ,Psychological characteristics and experience, creativity and innovation, planning and job satisfaction Manuscript profile

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133 - عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه: مطالعه ای در شمال ایران
احمد عابدی سروستانی آمنه آورند

ایمنی غذایی از مزرعه شروع می شود و کشاورزان نقش حیاتی در تولید غذای سالم و بهداشتی دارند. برای بررسی کامل وضعیت ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه، عوامل گوناگونی مانند کیفیت آب، بهداشت کارگران، تسهیلات بهداشتی، بسته بندی و ذخیره سازی، حمل و نقل، کود و مواد آلی خشک و بهداشت عرصه مورد More

ایمنی غذایی از مزرعه شروع می شود و کشاورزان نقش حیاتی در تولید غذای سالم و بهداشتی دارند. برای بررسی کامل وضعیت ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه، عوامل گوناگونی مانند کیفیت آب، بهداشت کارگران، تسهیلات بهداشتی، بسته بندی و ذخیره سازی، حمل و نقل، کود و مواد آلی خشک و بهداشت عرصه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور 380 کشاورز از 77 روستا در شهرستان گنبد کاووس در شمال ایران با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات با پرسشنامه جمع اوری و با نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه بیشتر از حد متوسط می باشد که می تواند در سطح خوب ارزیابی شود. بهترین عملیات کشاورزان مربوط به بهداشت عرصه و ضعیف ترین آن مربوط به بهداشت کارگران بود. کشاورزان باسواد از عملیات ایمنی غذایی بهتری نسبت به کشاورزان بیسواد برخوردار بودند. عملیات ایمنی غذایی با سطح تحصیلات کشاورزان و همچنین میزان درآمد آنان از سایر مشاغل، دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار بود. اما همبستگی عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزعه با متغیرهای سن، سابقه کار و درامد کشاورزان از دامداری، دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی دار بود. پیشنهاد می شود برنامه های آموزشی و تسهیلات لازم برای قادر ساختن کشاورزان به منظور رعایت عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه فراهم گردد. Manuscript profile

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134 - مولفه های اثرگذار بر رفتار بهداشتی و ایمنی گندم کاران در استفاده از آفت کش های شیمیایی
بهرام ایمانی عبدالمحمد بندری امید جمشیدی

کشاورزی ارتباط مستقیمی با محیط-زیست از جمله منابع آب دارد و رفتارهای کشاورزی می-تواند اثرات مثبت یا منفی فراوانی بر این منابع حیاتی داشته باشد. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رفتارهای ایمنی و بهداشتی گندمکاران نسبت به استفاده از سموم شیمیایی در شهرستان قروه، است More

کشاورزی ارتباط مستقیمی با محیط-زیست از جمله منابع آب دارد و رفتارهای کشاورزی می-تواند اثرات مثبت یا منفی فراوانی بر این منابع حیاتی داشته باشد. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی رفتارهای ایمنی و بهداشتی گندمکاران نسبت به استفاده از سموم شیمیایی در شهرستان قروه، استان کردستان، انجام شد. در این تحقیق کاربردی، جامعه آماری را کلیه کشاورزان گندمکار آبی در سال زراعی 1398-1398 (1700 نفر) شهرستان قروه تشکیل دادند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 170 نفر تعیین شد و برای جمع-آوری داده-ها از روش نمونه-گیری چند مرحله-ای تصادفی استفاده شد. ابزار اصلی تحقیق، پرسشنامه بود که روایی محتوایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و شاخص میانگین استخراج شده واریانس (AVE) بررسی شد و پایایی آن با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ و ضریب پایایی تجمعی (CR) برآورد شد. نتایج مدل معادلات ساختاری (SEM) نشان داد که متغیرهای منبع اطلاعات، نگرش و آگاهی از کاربرد سموم شیمیایی 79 درصد از تغییرات عوامل مؤثر بر رفتارهای ایمنی و بهداشتی کشاورزان گندمکار را به خود اختصاص داده است. باتوجه به ارتباط معنادار منبع اطلاعات، نگرش و دانش با رفتارهای ایمنی و بهداشتی، برگزاری دوره-‌های آموزشی برای آشنایی گندمکاران با خطرات شیوه-‌های کشاورزی مرسوم و مزایای شیوه‌های IPM توسط سازمان-‌های متولی، از جمله سازمان جهاد کشاورزی توصیه می-‌شود. این امر باعث ایجاد نگرش مثبت در بین کشاورزان برای تطبیق ایمنی و سلامت و رفتار خواهد شد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

135 - Teaching Methods and Tools Used In Food Safety Extension Education Programs in the North Central Region of the United States
Vikram Swaroop Chandra Koundinya Robert A. Martin

One of the ways to ensure food safety is to educate the public. Of the organizations providing food safety education in the United States (U.S.), the Cooperative Extension System (CES) is one of the most reliable. The effectiveness CES programs depends not only on what More

One of the ways to ensure food safety is to educate the public. Of the organizations providing food safety education in the United States (U.S.), the Cooperative Extension System (CES) is one of the most reliable. The effectiveness CES programs depends not only on what is being taught but also on how it is taught. Both a needs-based curriculum and how that curriculum is delivered are equally important. This descriptive cross-sectional study using a disproportional stratified random sample identified the teaching methods and tools being used by food safety extension educators of the CES of North Central Region (NCR). A Likert-type scale administered to extension educators revealed that they were adopting a balanced use of teaching methods and tools, and using learner-centered teaching methods in their programs. However, distance education, case studies and podcasts, which are commonly used in education programs, were not being used extensively. We recommend that food safety extension educators of NCR should increase the use of these two teaching methods and tool while continuing to use the current ones. This study has implications for improving food safety education delivery to clients in the NCR and for designing inservice education for food safety extension educators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

136 - Major Barriers to Application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) Technologies in Sustainability of Livestock Units
Marzieh Panahzadeh Parikhani Fatemeh Razzaghi Borkhani Hossein Shabanali Fami Naser Motiee Abotaleb Hosseinpoor

DOI: 10.5455/ijamd.161640

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the major barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in sustainability of livestock by ranchers of Meshkinshahr. A sample of 120 farmers was selected by using proportional random sampling More

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the major barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in sustainability of livestock by ranchers of Meshkinshahr. A sample of 120 farmers was selected by using proportional random sampling method. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire. Validity of questionnaire was determined through Agricultural Jihad exports of Meshkinshahr County and some faculty members at University of Tehran, Department of Agricultural Management and Development. Cronbach’s alpha was used to estimate the reliability. The reliability was found to be acceptable. The results of Factor Analysis showed that infrastructure barriers, informational- educational barriers, institutional-support barriers, personal barriers, economical barriers were the five barriers to application of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) technologies in livestock unites. These factors explained 67.23 percent of the total variance. Manuscript profile

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137 - SAFETY STRATEGY ALLOCATION SIMULATOR FOR ACCIDENT REDUCTION AND COST SAVINGS IN SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Abiola Ajayeoba

10.30495/jiei.2023.1921626.1089

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138 - A hierarchical heuristic method to analysis of economics and safety of a pressurized water reactor in a power market
Ghafour Ahmad Khanbeigi Naser Mansour sharifloo Gholamreza Jahanfarnia Mohamad Kazem Sheikh-el-Eslami Kaveh Karimi

10.30495/jiei.2023.1970804.1257

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139 - Ergonomics and simulation-based approach in improving facility layout
Jocelyn D. Abad

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140 - Considering undesirable variables in PCA-DEA method: a case of road safety evaluation in Iran
Alimohammad Ahmadvand Zeinab Abtahy Mahdi Bashiri

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Open Access Article

141 - Security of Resources and Library Equipment against Theft in Shahid Beheshti University Campus Libraries
atie baghestani mohsen Hajaeinolabedini fatemeh Pazoki

Objective: Purpose of this study is identifying the status of situation of security and protection of resources and equipment in Shahid Beheshti University Libraries. Methods: applied research is conducted with survey method. Information gathered and analyzed from libra More

Objective: Purpose of this study is identifying the status of situation of security and protection of resources and equipment in Shahid Beheshti University Libraries. Methods: applied research is conducted with survey method. Information gathered and analyzed from libraries’ managers of Shahid University. Results: The results showed that the most stolen equipment and supplies were, pages, images and maps in the books, and most preparations used to protect and preserve the library collections the care and conservation of building libraries against all types of thefts during the hours the holidays. Conclusion: The status of the security of resources and equipment against theft in central library and the document center and attached centers in Shahid Beheshti University is good. Of course by revising the regulations of the security issues of each library seems necessary and should be updated. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

142 - Studying fire security status of academic libraries in Islamic Azad University, Region 8
zohreh mirhoseini mahmood mirakbari

This research aims to study fire security status of academic libraries inIslamic Azad University, Region 8. It has been done from four perspectives: Library building structure; Flammable materials in libraries; Fire fighting instrument in libraries and users' informatio More

This research aims to study fire security status of academic libraries inIslamic Azad University, Region 8. It has been done from four perspectives: Library building structure; Flammable materials in libraries; Fire fighting instrument in libraries and users' information about fire. Research method used is survey using a check-list organized from 32 questions, observation and interview. The results show that the Region 8 Islamic Azad University libraries are far from the security standards and fire fighting. These libraries are not equipped with necessary equipments. The users and librarians have no education in this regard.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

143 - The Effect of Safety Leadership and Ethical Leadership on Safety Behavior and Safety Performance with the Mediating Role of Safety Atmosphere (Case study: Tehran Municipality Cultural and Artistic Organization)
tootian sedigheh saeideh motian asadi abas

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of safety leadership and ethical leadership on safety behavior and safety performance with the mediating role of safety atmosphere (Case study: Cultural and Artistic Organization of Tehran Municipality). The s More

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of safety leadership and ethical leadership on safety behavior and safety performance with the mediating role of safety atmosphere (Case study: Cultural and Artistic Organization of Tehran Municipality). The statistical population of this study was the staff of Tehran Municipality Cultural and Artistic Organization with 1632 people, which was used for simple sampling method and simple random sampling method and the number of samples in this study according to Cochran's formula was 311 people. This research is descriptive-survey type and is applied in terms of purpose. In addition, in this study, a standard questionnaire with 78 items was used to measure the variables. In this research, information analysis is presented in two sections: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. In the descriptive statistics section, the sociological information related to the research sample is expressed and in the inferential statistics section, due to the abnormal distribution of data, Structural equation analysis (SCM) and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS and PLS software were used to analyze the statistical data. The results of testing the research hypotheses show that the safety leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety behavior. Safety leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety performance. Ethical leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety behavior. Safety leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety behavior due to the mediating role of safety atmosphere. Safety leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety performance due to the mediating role of safety atmosphere. Ethical leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety behavior due to the mediating role of safety atmosphere. Ethical leadership of senior managers has a positive effect on safety performance due to the mediating role of safety atmosphere. But the ethical leadership of senior executives has a negative impact on safety performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

144 - A review on modern odorants for natural gas: Structural investigation, synthesis methods, and applications
Nahal Majdodin Sahar Baniyaghoob کامبیز تحویلداری امیر وحید

Improving safety and increasing efficiency of utilization of natural gas is very important issue due to its wide use as one of the main energy sources for industry and home consumers all around the world. On the other hand, utilization of this clean fossil energy is too More

Improving safety and increasing efficiency of utilization of natural gas is very important issue due to its wide use as one of the main energy sources for industry and home consumers all around the world. On the other hand, utilization of this clean fossil energy is too risky without considering safety cautions regarding gas leakage, explosion, and flammability. Due to the above mentioned facts and to overcome the problems, it is vital to inject proper compounds to natural gas to make it easily detectable by any person. So far, various types of compounds as "odorant" have been formulated and produced to inject to natural gas. In case of gas leakage, these compounds at low concentration are easily detectable by any person, due to their specific and pungent stink odor. Odorants are classified into classical and modern categories. In this article, a comprehensive study on different aspects of modern natural gas odorants and their odorization process has been performed. In addition, with studying basic chemistry and history of these compounds, the most important properties of odorants have been presented in order to help to recognize the most proper odorant for a specific application and its synthesis methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - Establishment healthy, safety and environment management system in operation phase of Sardasht dam in Northern Zagros zone using TOPSIS and Entropy methods
F. Marashi Shushtari S. Malmasi S.A. Jozi

The aim of this research was to establish health, safety and environment management system in the operation phase of one of the dams in Northern Zagros zone using TOPSIS and Entropy methods based on three steps. The first step was risk factor identification. In this ste More

The aim of this research was to establish health, safety and environment management system in the operation phase of one of the dams in Northern Zagros zone using TOPSIS and Entropy methods based on three steps. The first step was risk factor identification. In this step, a survey was done to identify which risks were caused by operation phase activities in the three groups, physical-chemical risks, biological risks and human risks. The second step was risk assessment. The risks were introduced in three criteria, severity, probability and vulnerability, and the environmental risk parameters were scored using expert opinion. The risks were prioritized with Entropy and software TOPSIS Solver 2014 methods. As a result thermal stratification in dam reservoir, disconnection of habitat of downstream and upstream and prevalence of parasitic diseases gained the highest scores in operation phase. Finally, the third step was establishing health, safety and environment management system based on five steps. The first step was policy and objective. The second step was offering environment, health and safety plan. The third step was program implementation. The fourth step was monitoring and control on program, air quality, sewage and residue. The fifth step was the audit. This step consisted of solving program implementation problems and change of monitoring plan.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

146 - Civil liability of classification institutions in Iranian law Looking at international court cases
zahra eliasy Masoud shirani dawood nassiran

10.30495/alr.2022.1949333.2256

Field and Aims: Classification institutions play an important role in relation to the insurable nature of a ship. This issue is referred to as the private duty of rating agencies. Legal systems have a different approach to the issue of civil liability in the above issue More

Field and Aims: Classification institutions play an important role in relation to the insurable nature of a ship. This issue is referred to as the private duty of rating agencies. Legal systems have a different approach to the issue of civil liability in the above issue. On this basis, in this research, we will examine the issue of what is the position of the civil responsibility of classification institutions in Iranian law and international conventions?Method: This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner.Finding and Conclusion: Those who believe that there is no civil responsibility for the classification institutions believe that the institutions only have the duty to provide advice and suggestions and have no guarantee for their performance, and the duty of the institutions is only to provide standards according to legal and international standards, and their compliance is also It is the owner's responsibility. But on the opposite point, the legal systems that gave absolute civil responsibility to institutions considered the duty of said institutions to be more than giving advice, and according to the contractual relationship that exists for institutions, they are like standardization organizations that have the duty of instilling rules and regulations between They know the international rules of work safety at sea and environmental protection. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - Interaction and Contrast of International Environmental Law and International Nuclear Energy Law in Nuclear Accident in Fukushima Power Plant
Hojjat Salimi Turkamani

DOR:20.1001.1.24234974.1398.12.46.6.9

Although nowadays, nuclear energy has significant role in energy secure at international level, the risk of nuclear accidents due to inefficient nuclear safety and its negative environmental impact is one of the major challenges facing the development of nuclear energy. More

Although nowadays, nuclear energy has significant role in energy secure at international level, the risk of nuclear accidents due to inefficient nuclear safety and its negative environmental impact is one of the major challenges facing the development of nuclear energy. The main issue is this weather international nuclear law is compatible with international environment law in the context of safety regime? and what mechanisms observe on respect of fundamental environment norms in nuclear activities? Assessing Provisions of international documents on nuclear energy implies attention of nuclear safety regime to the principles of international environmental law. However, in spite of promotion of nuclear safety regime, occurrence of nuclear accident in Fukushima power plant in 2011 in Japan showed that by now international environmental law and international nuclear energy law are not factually compatible in approaching to sustainable development. Actualizing of environmental principals included in international nuclear law and technology transferring from developed countries to developing counties based on article 4 of NPT could be positive step in declining of negative environmental effects of probable nuclear accidents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Development of a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliances consumers (Case study: home appliances consumers in Mashhad)
saeed ahmadian seyed kamran Nourbakhsh Ghasemali Bazayee Seyed Abbas Heydari

Product safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-an More

Product safety affects the health of the citizens of a society and improves the quality of their life. Accordingly, the current study presents a conceptual model for the perception of product safety in home appliance consumers. The research orientation is descriptive-analytical, using a mixed-method approach. In this research, content analysis, interpretive structural modeling technique, structural equations using partial minimum squares were employed. Data library research and exploratory interviews, questionnaires were used. In the cognitive and design phases were statistical population Experts and In evaluation, phase home appliances consumers in Mashhad. Theoretical and convenience sampling methods were employed in this study. The Validity through content Validity, partial minimum squares was measured. Reliability obtained test-retest reliability, intercoder reliability, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, Combined reliability were evaluated. The model of perception of safety for home appliance consumers was accepted with 95% reliability. Designing a conceptual model based on a comprehensive set of significant factors develops the theoretical literature in this field; it presents valuable results for academicians, marketing managers, and producers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

149 - Comparing AODV and ADV Routing Protocols in Urban Environment
Effat Jazayerifar Reza Sabbaghi-Nadoshan Shahram Javadi

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Open Access Article

150 - Effect of Packaging and Storage Temperature on the Population of Aspergillus section Flavi and Aflatoxin Production in Fresh Pistachios
Hossein Afshari Mehdi Mohammadi-Moghadam Abolfazl Rezaee-Ahvanouyi Seyed Hamidreza Ziaolhagh Seyed Reza Fani Majid Aldaghi

10.22034/jon.2022.1957698.1168

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151 - Correlation of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production with Sugar and Lipid Content among Pistachio Cultivars
Mahdi Mohammadi Moghadam Mohammad Moradi Amir Hossein Mohammadi Seyed Reza Fani

10.22034/jon.2022.1954385.1157

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Open Access Article

152 - Effect of Sulfur on Toxigenic Aspergillus flavus In Vitro
Arezou Kazemi Ebrahim Sedaghati Seyed Reza Fani Mohammad Moradi Marieh Nadi

10.22034/jon.2023.1960539.1181

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Open Access Article

153 - Assessment of Four Heavy Metals Mercury, Lead, Copper and Cadmium Levels in Muscles of Import-ed Tilapia to Iran
Behsan Hemmatinezhad Mehdi Moradi Sarmeidani Amir Hosein Yoosefi

10.22034/jchr.2017.544174

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Open Access Article

154 - Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Zinc in Ghee Consumed in Kermanshah City, Western Iran using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Soheil Sobhanardakani Lobat Taghavi

10.22034/jchr.2017.544166

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155 - Residual Concentration of Lead, Iron and Calcium in Chicken Meat Paste: Indicative Parameters for Identifying Deboning Procedure and Health Risk Assessment
Ebrahim Molaee-aghaee Behrouz Akbari-adergani Naemeh Akramzadeh Hedayat Hosseini Mohammad Ahmady

10.22034/jchr.2020.1891362.1100

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156 - Assessment of Potential Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare) Sold in Major Markets in Calabar, Nigeria
Udiba Udiba Michael Odey Udeme Udofia Ekom Akpan John Ama

10.22034/jchr.2022.1936423.1366

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Open Access Article

157 - Measurement of the Toxic Trace Elements in Commercial Wheat Flours: Potential Health Risk via Dietary Intake
Seyyed Mohammad Ali Noori Reza Zadehdabagh Nahid Najafi Leila Tishezan Mehrnoush Zerehpoush Seyed Mohammad Hosein Mousavi Jazayeri Mohammad Hashemi Seyedeh Belin Tavakoly Sany

10.22034/jchr.2021.1935256.1354

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Open Access Article

158 - Population Density of Aspergillus Section Flavi and Aflatoxin Content in Different Types of Pistachio Nuts
Mehdi Mohammadi-Moghadam Seyed Reza Fani Mostafa Ghasemi Majid Aldaghi

10.22034/jchr.2022.1960543.1565

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Open Access Article

159 - Effects of Eucalyptus and Myrtle Essential Oil on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Immune System of Broiler Chickens
Zainab Zahrabi Moghadam Ali Aghaei Mohammad Reza ghorbani Saleh Tabatabai Vakili

10.22034/ascij.2023.1996824.1541

This research was conducted in order to evaluate the performance, carcass characteristics and immune system of broiler chickens feed with eucalyptus and myrtle essential oil. Number of 250 one-day-old broiler chickens (mixed of two sexes) of Ras 308 strain were used in More

This research was conducted in order to evaluate the performance, carcass characteristics and immune system of broiler chickens feed with eucalyptus and myrtle essential oil. Number of 250 one-day-old broiler chickens (mixed of two sexes) of Ras 308 strain were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 repetitions and 10 chickens in each repetition for 42 days. The treatments include 1- basic ration (control) 2- basic ration with 250 mg/kg of eucalyptus essential oil 3- basic ration with 250 mg/kg of essential oil myrtle, 4- basic ration with 125 mg/kg of essential oil Eucalyptus and 125 mg/kg essential oil of myrtle, 5- The basic diet was supplemented with 250 mg/kg of eucalyptus essential oil and 250 mg/kg of myrtle essential oil. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect on feed consumption. But they caused a decrease in body weight and an increase in the feed conversion ratio compared to the control treatment. The treatments caused a decrease in the relative weight of the breast and an increase in abdominal fat compared to the control treatment (p 0.05). These findings showed that the addition of eucalyptus essence and the myrtle caused a decrease in performance, a decrease in the relative weight of the breast, an increase in abdominal cavity fat, and an increase in the antibody level against sheep red blood cells. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

160 - تحلیل اجزای محدود مکانیزم ایمنی در یک کنترل‌کننده مکانیکی
مهدی مساح کورش حسن‌پور مهرداد پورسینا مهدی سلمانی تهرانی مسیح سنبلستان

در این تحقیق رفتار دینامیکی مکانیزم ایمنی مربوط به یک کنترل‌کننده به‌کمک روش اجزاء محدود سه‌بعدی شبیه‌سازی شده و مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفته‌است. این تحقیق بر روی کنترل‌کننده مربوط به پرتابه‌های با شتاب بالا تمرکز دارد. این کنترل‌کننده از نوع مکانیکی بوده و در نوک پرت More

در این تحقیق رفتار دینامیکی مکانیزم ایمنی مربوط به یک کنترل‌کننده به‌کمک روش اجزاء محدود سه‌بعدی شبیه‌سازی شده و مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفته‌است. این تحقیق بر روی کنترل‌کننده مربوط به پرتابه‌های با شتاب بالا تمرکز دارد. این کنترل‌کننده از نوع مکانیکی بوده و در نوک پرتابه قرار می‌گیرد. در این مکانیزم قطعات به دو دسته صلب و تغییرشکل‌پذیر تقسیم می‌شوند. قطعه تغییرشکل‌پذیر در نرم‌افزار آباکوس و قطعات صلب در نرم‌افزار آدامز شبیه‌سازی می‌شوند. هدف از انجام این تحقیق بررسی نحوه تغییر‌شکل پلاستیک قطعه  تغییرشکل‌پذیر یعنی رینگ ایمنی و شبیه‌سازی عمل چرخیدن روتور یا انجام عمل مکانیزم ایمنی و مدت زمان مورد نیاز برای انجام آن می‌باشد. همچنین به‌دست آوردن زمان و سرعت زاویة مورد نیاز برای آغاز باز‌شدن رینگ ایمنی و بیرون‌آمدن پین ایمنی و سرعت زاویة متناظر با شروع چرخش روتور که سوراخ آن با محور سوزن یا سوراخ راهنما همراستا می‌شود، به عنوان پارامترهای مهم در مکانیزم ایمنی مطرح بوده و مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرند Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

161 - The evaluation of the role of the safety management system in the safety culture of Iran Carbon Company using Geller model
yousef taheri Katayon Varshosaz

10.22034/ap.2023.1979205.1147

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Open Access Article

162 - Implementation of Analytical Hierarchy Process to Prioritize Health, Safety and Environment Risks of Hydrocarbon-Rich Sludge in South Pars Gas Complex-First Refinery, Iran
Mehdi Khezri Maryam Farahani Saeed Motahhari Bita Azadbakht

10.22034/ap.2022.1970981.1137

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Open Access Article

163 - Health Risk Assessment in Building Environments Using Fuzzy Topsis Method
eghbal sekhavati Reza jalilzadeh yengejeh

10.22034/ap.2023.1989467.1157

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164 - Investigation of wet spraying system to control dust pollution in mines (A case study )
Mahmoud Makkiabadi Sara Yaghoobi Mohammad Saleh Haj Mohammadi

10.22034/ap.2022.1960859.1131

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Open Access Article

165 - The evaluation of the safety culture and the effect of educational intervention using the BASNEF model to promote the employees’ health and safety of Persian Gulf Yadavaran Gas Refinery Co. (PGYGRC)
saeid jayervandi Katayon Varshosaz

10.22034/ap.2023.1979192.1146

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Open Access Article

166 - Identifying the Effective Factors in Improving the Security and Safety of Stadiums with the Approach of Preventing the Aggression of the Spectators of the Iranian Football Premier League
hassan esazadeh lila saffari

One of the most important issues for the stadium audience is safety and security, which has made it more urgent to pay attention to what has happened in the past and the high risks. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effective safety and security facto More

One of the most important issues for the stadium audience is safety and security, which has made it more urgent to pay attention to what has happened in the past and the high risks. The purpose of the present study was to identify the effective safety and security factors in stadiums with an aggressive approach to preventing spectators from competing in football leagues.The research method is qualitative and exploratory. The sampling method is non-random and purposeful sampling. The face and content validity of the interview questions were evaluated and approved by 6 sport management professors and then by 14 experts in the field including sport management elites, specialists and managers. Football and law enforcement staff and security officials were interviewed and continued to theoretical saturation, with data analysis through open coding (component or badge), pivotal (subordinate) and selective (key factors) in this study) Was performed. Based on the findings of the present study, a total of 32 safety and security indices were identified which consist of three main factors (service, control and special circumstances) and eight sub-factors of the main factor. According to elite and soccer experts, safety and security factors (stadium facilities, tickets, physical inspections, security measures, high-risk events and conditions) have an impact on preventing aggression in football spectators. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - The Effect of Risk Management on the Anxiety of Sports Injuries with the Mediating Role of Swimmers' Safety Behavior
rozita nourbakhsh Mahvash Noorbakhsh parivash nourbakhsh

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of risk management on the anxiety of sports injuries with the mediating role of swimmers' safety behavior. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical popula More

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of risk management on the anxiety of sports injuries with the mediating role of swimmers' safety behavior. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population included all swimmers in Alborz province in the age category of youth, hope and adults. Due to the uncertainty of the number of swimmers to select a statistical sample from Alborz province, it was geographically divided into 5 parts: north, south, west, east and center. Finally, 200 swimmers formed a statistical sample using the accessible method. Aaron (2004) Risk Management Questionnaire, Martinez-Korkols et al. (2011) Safety Behavior Questionnaire, Smith et al.'s (2006) Sports Injury Anxiety Scale were used to measure research variables. SPSS software version 23 and PLS version 2 software were used to evaluate the hybrid reliability, Cronbach's alpha, divergent and convergent validity and structural equation modeling. The results showed that risk management and safety behavior have a negative effect on anxiety in sports injuries of swimmers in Alborz province. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

168 - The Role of Human Factors and Culture in the Upcoming Challenges in Safety with the Approach of Increasing Financial Productivity
Saeed Seljooghi Somayeh Javadi Roghayeh javadi

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of human factors and culture in the upcoming safety challenges associated with increasing financial productivity. Design/methodology/approach: In the face of environmental crises, human factors and safety cul More

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the role of human factors and culture in the upcoming safety challenges associated with increasing financial productivity. Design/methodology/approach: In the face of environmental crises, human factors and safety culture play a crucial role in navigating challenges and seizing opportunities. Issues such as population participation and the promotion of environmental values are met with obstacles like violations of environmental protection laws. However, by leveraging opportunities to advance clean technologies and smart management practices, we can progress towards maintaining and enhancing the environmental situation. This study utilized a descriptive research method to investigate human factors, safety culture, environmental challenges, and opportunities in Isfahan. Data was collected from library resources in 2024, and practical results were presented. Results: The findings indicate that fostering coordination between human factors and the development of an environmental safety culture is essential for striking a balance between environmental protection and sustainable development. Innovation: By capitalizing on opportunities to enhance clean technologies and smart management practices, it is feasible to improve the environmental condition of Isfahan. The city faces challenges such as environmental protection law violations, unsustainable activities, and rapid urban and industrial growth that strain the environment. These challenges underscore the urgency of implementing robust environmental protection measures. However, Isfahan also benefits from opportunities like transparent environmental management and a deeper understanding of the economic and social impacts of environmental initiatives. Increasing public awareness and transparency in decision-making processes can enhance environmental management and natural resource conservation. Additionally, the potential for upgrading clean technologies and utilizing renewable energy presents a key opportunity to mitigate environmental harm. These actions can contribute to creating a more sustainable environment and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, Isfahan has leveraged its resources to preserve and enhance the environment by effectively balancing challenges and opportunities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

169 - Identification of Volatile Compounds Originating from Secondary Contamination and Packaging Materials in UF and White Brine Cheeses
Narges Sabouri Yadollah Yamini .M. R Ehsani bakhoda hossein

Background: Identification of volatile contaminants migrating from packaging aids quality evaluation of packaged foods. Soft cheeses can undergo such migration-based contamination on storage. Methods: White brine and ultrafiltrated (UF) cheeses in packages were stored More

Background: Identification of volatile contaminants migrating from packaging aids quality evaluation of packaged foods. Soft cheeses can undergo such migration-based contamination on storage. Methods: White brine and ultrafiltrated (UF) cheeses in packages were stored for 90 days at 4 degrees Celsius (°C). Headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) using polysulfone and mesoporous carbon nitride (MCN/Polysulfone) fiber coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to extract and analyze volatile compounds. Migration-based contaminants exclusively present in stored versus fresh cheeses were identified through National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library matching. Results: In total 23 unwanted volatile contaminants originating from contamination/packaging were identified, including 19 compounds in white brine` cheese (phthalates, benzenecarboxylic acids, etc.) and 13 compounds in UF cheese (phthalates, benzenecarboxylic acids, triazenes, oximes, etc.). More migrants were observed in white brine cheese. Compounds also differed based on SPME extraction method. Conclusion: Prolonged storage induced migration of volatile contaminants from probable packaging sources into soft cheeses. Future research should focus on refining volatile organic compound (VOC)-based detection methods to enhance early identification of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in cheese production. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

170 - The Impact of Empowering Leadership on Safety Behavior Considering the Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing and the Safety Climate in the Employees of Rural Water and Sewerage Company of Guilan Province
morad rezaie dizgah Mohammad Taghipour alireza dadashi jokandan mohsen Malaeinejhad

The main purpose of the present research is to explain the impact of empowering leadership on safety behavior considering the mediating role of knowledge sharing and safety climate in  the employees of Rural Water and Sewerage Company of Guilan province. Therefore, More

The main purpose of the present research is to explain the impact of empowering leadership on safety behavior considering the mediating role of knowledge sharing and safety climate in  the employees of Rural Water and Sewerage Company of Guilan province. Therefore, the main question of this research is: Does empowering leadership affect safety behavior considering the mediating role of knowledge sharing and safety climate of employees in Guilan Rural Water and SewerageCompany? The present research is descriptive-corelation study, in terms of data collection is a field study, and the data collection tool is questionnaire. The population of the study is 420 employees in Guilan Rural Water and Sewerage Company. The sample size (219 people) was determined using the Cochran formula. Six hypotheses were put forward in this study. In this research, simple random sampling method was used. The data were analyzed using SPSS22 and SMART PLS3 software. The results of the study showed that empowering leadership has an impact on the safety climate and knowledge sharing in Guilan Rural Water and Sewerage Company's employees. However, the empowering leadership did not affect the safety behavior of Guilan rural water and sewerage company's employees. Findings also showed that safety climate affects the safety behavior of Guilan rural water and sewerage company's employees. In addition, the findings indicate that empowering leadership through the safety climate and knowledge sharing has an impact on the safety behavior of Guilan Rural Water and Sewerage company's Employees. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

171 - Reliance on the news of the “National Media” and identification of factors that have effect on it
Hosein Banifatemeh Tavakkol Aghayari Hir saber jafari

The most important duty and the essential role of social communication facilities is the spreading of social events. All national and international news media that mostly act in the TV section, always confirm this affair that for attracting audience and affecting on it, More

The most important duty and the essential role of social communication facilities is the spreading of social events. All national and international news media that mostly act in the TV section, always confirm this affair that for attracting audience and affecting on it, the level of audience´s reliance on news should be increased. The goal of this research is considering related sociological factors with amount of reliance on the news of 1, 2 and 3 TV channels between young citizens of Tabriz. For reaching this end, Giddens, Offe, Putnam and Sztompka´s theories have been used. The used research method of this research is the measured one and the statistical society of research are all Tabriz´s citizens that are in the age range of 15- 43 that the number of them is 579694. From this number, 400 people was chosen as the statistical research sample by the use of multi- stage branch sampling method. Data are collected by the use of questionnaire and for data analysis »SPSS« software was used. Based on research results, the average reliance on the news at every three channels was at relatively low revel. By comparing the average, it is known that the amount of reliance on the news of channel 2 is to some extent more than other channels. Most hypothesizes by using of R Pearson test were confirmed and the results of regression analysis showed that positive assessment variables from operation of national media, feeling social safety and the amount of religiousness are identified as the affecting variables on the amount of reliance on the news of 1, 2 and 3 channels that can wholly expressed more the 20 percent of dependent variable´s changes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

172 - The mediating role of emotional safety in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and academic motivation
leila Bakhshi Sooreshjani Eshrat Gholamzadeh

The aim of this study was to mediate the role of emotional safety in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and academic motivation. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of collection method. The stati More

The aim of this study was to mediate the role of emotional safety in the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation and academic motivation. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of collection method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Behbahan in 2016-2017, of which 350 were selected through random sampling of multi-stage clusters. . Harter Academic Motivation Scale (1981), Emotional Safety Scale by Bruner et al. (2008) and Garnfsky, Craig and Spinhaven (2002) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that among the components of cognitive emotion regulation, respectively; Blaming others, self-blame, positive refocusing, rumination, and catastrophe all have an effect on academic motivation. Also, the components of blaming others, positive refocusing, rumination, and catastrophizing affect emotional safety. Findings also showed that the direct effect of cognitive emotion regulation on emotional safety is positive and significant, also the direct effect of cognitive emotion regulation on academic motivation is positive and significant. Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that academic motivation and emotional safety can be predicted through cognitive regulation of emotion. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

173 - Seismic Optimization of Steel Moment Resisting Frame Using Uniform Deformation Algorithm
Amir hassan Alizadeh Mehdi Rahimi Asl

The overall aim of conducting this research is to optimize the medium steel bending frame in the level of life safety risk according to FEMA 350. For this purpose, two 3- and 5- story steel structures have been considered. These structures were designed according to AIS More

The overall aim of conducting this research is to optimize the medium steel bending frame in the level of life safety risk according to FEMA 350. For this purpose, two 3- and 5- story steel structures have been considered. These structures were designed according to AISC regulations and then subjected to seismic optimization using uniform deformation algorithm. The method of uniform deformations, which is one of the fast methods in optimization based on performance criteria, has been used for optimization so that the dispersion of plastic rotations created in the structural components reaches the lowest value and convinces the permissible plastic rotations at the level of life safety risk based on FEMA regulations. Opensees open-source software based on nonlinear time history method was used for modeling. The aim of optimization is to achieve appropriate performance at the risk level and performance level simultaneously. Also, the improved structure has been subjected to earthquake records with different intensities and its performance has been examined. The results indicate that in the process of using this algorithm, convergence is well-established and the use of the objective function of plastic rotations is considered one of the most suitable methods in the optimization of steel structures. Changes in the distribution of materials from structural components have been made mainly from the upper stories towards the lower stories and from the side members to the inner members of the frame. Also, the optimization in the level of life safety performance reduces the weight of both structures and leads to a reduction in their weight between 9 and 20 percent. Manuscript profile

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