Evaluation of organophosphorus pesticide Diazinon residue in greenhouse crops using spectrophotometry (Case Study: Mushroom)

Subject Areas : Food Science and Technology

سهیل  Sobhanardakani ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran)
سیمین دخت  Sadri ² (- M.Sc. Graduate Student, Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.)
سعید  Jameh Bozorgi ³ (Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.)

Received: 2013-10-26 Accepted : 2014-05-11 Published : 2014-02-20

Keywords: diazinon, Food Safety, Pesticide residues evaluation, Mushroom,

Abstract :

Pesticides are among the chief sources of environmental pollutants that have impacts on living creatures and humans health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concentration of organophosphorus pesticide Diazinon residues in mushroom using Spectrophotometry. A total number of 10 mushroom samples was collected from the active greenhouses around Hamedan city as well as commercial brands that present their products in Hamedan retails. The samples were prepared and Diazinon residue in samples was read by Spectrophotometer in 3 replicates. Mean value of Diazinon concentration in different commercial brands was estimated at 0.126, 0.125, 0.166, 0.040, 0.130, 0.081, 0.129, 0.132, 0.128 and 0.129 mg/kg that were above the Europe Union Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). Moreover, the comparison of results achieved from the different samples show significant different between greenhouses of 3, 4 and 6 (p>0/05). It was concluded that training of farmers to use appropriate amounts of pesticides would guaranty the safety and health of consumers of agriculture products.

References:

• ·   استادی، یحیی؛ یاوری، غلامرضا؛ شجاعی، محمود؛ میردامادی، سیدمهدی و ایمانی، سهراب (1388). اندازه‌گیری باقی‌مانده حشره‌کش دیازینون در محصول خیار گلخانه‌ای عرضه شده در میادین میوه و تره‌بار شهر تهران. فصلنامه گیاه پزشکی، شماره 4، صفحات: 354-345.


• پیوست، غلامعلی (1377). سبزی‌کاری. انتشارات دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، صفحه: 288.


• رضایی، شیرین؛ لکزیان، امیر؛ فارسی، محمد ابوالحسنی زراعتکار، محبوبه و حق‌نیا، غلامحسین (1392). امکان جایگزینی پیت با کمپوست مصرف‌شده در تولید قارچ خوراکی دکمه‌ای سفید. نشریه علوم باغبانی، سال 27، شماره 1، صفحات: 9-1.


• رضوانی مقدم، پرویز؛ قربانی، رضا؛ کوچکی، علیرضا؛ علیمرادی، لیلا؛ عزیزی، گلثومه و سیاه مرگویی، آسیه (1388). بررسی بقایای سموم در محصولات کشاورزی ایران (مطالعه موردی: بررسی بقایای دیازینوندر گوجه فرنگی، خیار و خربزه). علوم محیطی، دوره 6، شماره 3، صفحات: 72-63.


• صدری، سیمین‌دخت (1392). ارزیابی باقی‌مانده سم ارگانوفسفره دیازینون در محصولات گلخانه‌ای به روش اسپکتروفتومتری. پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد همدان.


• مکی‌آل‌آقا، مینا و فراهانی، مریم (1391). تعیین میزان باقی‌مانده سموم دیازینون و کلرپریفوس در واریته‌های گلدن و رد سیب درختی منطقه دماوند. مجله محیط شناسی، شماره 62، صفحات: 116-111.


• مهدوی، وحیده (1388). اندازه‌گیری باقی‌مانده سم کاربندازیم در خیار به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و مقایسه آن با HPLC. آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی، شماره 88، صفحات: 78-59.

 

• Burrows, H.D., Canle, L.M., Santaballa, J.A. and Steenken, S. (2002). Reaction pathways and mechanisms of photodegradation of pesticides. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 67(2): 71-108.


• Cengiz, M.F., Certel, M. and Gocmen, H. (2006). Residue contents of DDVP (Dichlorvos) and diazinon applied on cucumbers grown in greenhouses and their reduction by duration of a pre-harvest interval and post-harvest culinary applications. Food Chemistry, 98(1): 127-135.


• Cooper, J. and Niglli, U. (2002). Handbook of organic food safety and quality. Published by CRC Press Boca Raton Boston New York Washington, DC, pp. 25-26.


• Ergonen, A., Salacin, S. and Ozdemir, M. (2005). Pesticide use among greenhouse workers in Turkey. Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine, 12: 205-208.


• EU. (2010). Special Eurobarometer, http://ec. Europa. Eu/public_opinion/archives/pdf.


• Fardous, Z., Islam, M.N., Hoque, S.M., Choudhury, M.A.Z. and Rahman, M.A. (2007). Determination of some selected pesticide residues in tomato from different locations of Bangladesh. An online journal of G-Science Implementation and Publication, 3(6): 4-7.


• FDA. (2009). Pesticide Program. Residue Monitoring. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D.C. 1999. Available at: http://www.FDA/Pesticide. Annual Report of Pesticide.


• Hasan Zadeh, N., Bahramifar, N. and Esmaeili, S.A. (1998). Determination of pesticide residues in foods (fruits and vegetables) as a harmful risk for consumer health, Persion. 18th national congress of Science and Food Technology Khorasan.


• Hotchkiss, J.H. (1992). Pesticide residue controls to ensure food safety. Critical Review in Food Science & Nutrition, 31(3): 191-203.


• Husain, S.W., Kiarostami, V., Morrovati, M. and Tagebakhsh, M.R. (2003). Multiresidue determination of diazinon and ethion in pistachio nuts by use of matrix solid phase dispersion with a lanthanum silicate co-column and gas chromatography. Acta Chromatographyca, 13: 208-214.


• Lee Fook Choy, L.H. and Seeneevassen, S. (1998). Monitoring insecticide residues in vegetables and fruits at the market level. Food and Agricultural Research Council, Réduit, Mauritius, pp. 95-102.


• Ohkawa, H. (2008). Pesticide chemistry crop protection. public health, environmental safety, Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GMBH & CO. KGaA, 542.


• Park, E.K., Kim, J.H., Gee, S.J., Watanabe, T., Avn, K.C. and Hammock, B.D. (2004). Determination of pyrethroid residues in agricultural products by an enzyme – linked immunosorbent assay. Journal of Agric Food Chemistry, 52(18): 5572-5576.


• Pingali, P.L. and Roger, P.A. (1995). Impact of pesticide on farmer health and the rice environment. Norvel MA, Kluwer Academic Publishers.


• United State Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). (2004). Interim registration eligibility decision. Diazinon, www. Envairo cancer. Cornell. edu.


• WHO. (1998). Diazinon, Environmental Health Criteria, United Nations Environment Programme International Labour Organization.


• Zand, E., Baghestani, M.A., Bitarafan, M. and Shimi, P. (2007). A guideline for herbicides in Iran. Mashhad, Jahad Publication, 3: 63-72.