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Open Access Article
1 - Specification and Development a Model for Estimating of Accounting Conservatism in Iran
H. Nikoomaram B. BanimahdAccounting conservatism has recently been under attacked. For example, Financial Accounting StandardBoard (FASB) point out that conservatism increase conflict between qualitative characteristics such asrepresentational faithfulness, neutrality, and comparability. The Bo MoreAccounting conservatism has recently been under attacked. For example, Financial Accounting StandardBoard (FASB) point out that conservatism increase conflict between qualitative characteristics such asrepresentational faithfulness, neutrality, and comparability. The Board concludes that any attempt tounderstate results consistently is likely to raise question about the reliability and integrity of informationabout those results. Recently, in the IASB and FASB joint conceptual framework, conservatism andprudence have been abolished. In other side, some of researchers such as Professor Watts from the universityof Rochester tried to provide a better understanding of accounting conservatism in Accounting Horizon(2003). He defended accounting conservatism by documenting of the research results.Watts suggests thatconservatism likely evolved from the contracting role of accounting. He argues that accounting conservatismhelps to reduce agent's opportunistic behavior and mitigates conflicts of interest over dividend policybetween shareholders and bondholders.This study, by adopting of new studies outcomes on accounting conservatism, develops a new firm-levelconservatism measure from Givoly & Hayn (2000) accrual model. This measure represents conservatismmeasure from an income statement and balance sheet perspective. The outcomes of the study indicated thataccounting conservatism measure has positively correlated to return on asset (ROA) and sale growth, on theother hand, has negatively correlated to leverage and cash flows from operations to total assets ratio.The research results show firms experiencing more severe bondholder-shareholder dividend policy conflictsadopt less conservative accounting and firms that use more conservative accounting incur a high debt ratio.The results also suggest existence of high income smoothing and show a strict decrease in accountingconservatism in Iranian financial reporting environment. This decrease accompanies with decreases ofprofitability index (ROA) and economic performance index (CFO/Asset). It seems governmental ownershipand governmental management and lack of management accountability are important factors of this problemin Iranian industries. The outcomes of this study differ from the US studies results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Survey of Governmental Effect on Financial Function (Profitability)
P. Saidi J. GhezelseflooThis paper investigates privatization including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) andReturn on Sale (ROS) in the Tehran stock exchange. From 1996 to 2004, 29 companies receivedgovernmental share in the private sector. This first sectorincludes two level ces MoreThis paper investigates privatization including Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE) andReturn on Sale (ROS) in the Tehran stock exchange. From 1996 to 2004, 29 companies receivedgovernmental share in the private sector. This first sectorincludes two level cession using a Wilcoxonsinged rank test and regression in the OLS method and second sector three level cession using theFriedman test. The results shows that first sector financial function companies increase, and secondsector do not. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Surveying the Effect of Off-Balance Sheet Financing on Profitability Ratios
Gh. , Talebnia F. Rahnamaye roodposhti Ch. TalebpooraslIn this thesis the effect of off-balance sheet financing on profitability ratios (ROA,ROE,ROI) inTehran Stock Exchange has been studied. In fact, this study is an answer to this question that "whateffects can off-balance sheet financing (operating lease) has on profitab MoreIn this thesis the effect of off-balance sheet financing on profitability ratios (ROA,ROE,ROI) inTehran Stock Exchange has been studied. In fact, this study is an answer to this question that "whateffects can off-balance sheet financing (operating lease) has on profitability ratios in Tehran StockExchange?" Off-balance sheet financing means investing or increasing firm´s capital (increaseoperating activities) according to law and accepted accounting concepts that all or part of thatfinancing is not shown on balance sheet and profitability ratios evaluate firm´s efficiency and ability tomake use of resources using sales revenue and investment.In this study causal-comparative method has been used. Which library method (exchange’s archive)were used for gathering needed information in theorical basis and financial information based auditedfinancial statement. In this study, firm´s profitability ratios before and after off-balance sheetfinancing, and firms having and without off-balance sheet financing are compared.Hypothesizes analysis show that, from 1380-1385, off-balance sheet financing hasn’t had considerableeffect on profitability ratios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Application of Altman & Springate Models In Bankruptcy Prediction of Accepted Companies In Tehran Stock Exchange
A. Mohammadzadeh M. NoferestiThe investors are always trying to prevent from losing their capital ad interest through predicting theprobability of the bankruptcy of a Company since in the event of the bankruptcy, value of thesecurities decreases intensely. So, the investors are looking for methods MoreThe investors are always trying to prevent from losing their capital ad interest through predicting theprobability of the bankruptcy of a Company since in the event of the bankruptcy, value of thesecurities decreases intensely. So, the investors are looking for methods by which they could predictthe bankruptcy of the Companies. Moreover, one of the issues discussed 'in financial management isthe investment and trust in the investment and one of the things that could help the investors to makeright decisions in their investments is the existence of some tools and models for the assessmenl offinancial status and the condition of the Organizations.The purpose behind this research is to determine the efficiency of Altman and Springate Models inpredicting the bankruptcy of a Company. The statistic Community on which this research was 'madeis~ the successful and bankrupted Companies in Tehran's Security Exchange and the required Data tomake this research is collected in a period of five years (2001-2006). After calculating the ratiosexistent in the models and determining z index, accuracy and error for each of the models arecalculated .Regarding the results obtained from the, research, both, of Altman and Springate Models have thecapability to predict 'the bankruptcy of the Companies in Tehran's security Exchange while AltmanModel enjoys from more accuracy in comparison with Springate Model. So, the prospective investors,shareholders and others are recommended to use Altman Model in predicting the bankruptcy of theCompanies accepted in Tehran 's Security Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Design and Implementation of an Appropriate Model for Allocating Bank Loans
M. E. Mohammad Pourzarandi M. Minouei H. NikoomaramOne of the main activities of the commercial banks is to offer financial facilities. Usually, these financialfacilities are considered as a main asset and a primary source for bank revenues. These facilities can alsobring most risks for the banks. Two major activities o MoreOne of the main activities of the commercial banks is to offer financial facilities. Usually, these financialfacilities are considered as a main asset and a primary source for bank revenues. These facilities can alsobring most risks for the banks. Two major activities of each bank are to attract and lend out funds. Thesuccession degree of a bank extremely depends on the optimum allocation of the funds. The aims of thisresearch consist on designing a mathematical model to optimize the allocation of funds for commercialbanks, designing a software for portfolio management of facilities, attracting profitable customers anddecreasing delayed or unpaid debts. In This research, Islamic contracts are used for modeling and the creditrisk is defined by the probability of a costumer's default. To avoid complication of the model and problemsolutions, which are caused by the plurality of the decision making variables and the constraints, a linearprogramming model have been used. The statistical population is state commercial banks and the sample isthe Bank of Mellat, using the year 2004 data. The main reason to choose the Bank of Mellat wereaccessibility and availability of the statistical data and bank information. The Designed model and thesoftware attained from this research can be used in all commercial banks and financial and credit institutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - On the Maximum Number of Dominating Classes in Graph Coloring
M. FaghaniIn this paper we investigate the dominating- -color number، of a graph G. That is the maximum number of color classes that are also dominating when G is colored using colors. We show that where is the join of G and H. This result allows us to construct classes of graphs MoreIn this paper we investigate the dominating- -color number، of a graph G. That is the maximum number of color classes that are also dominating when G is colored using colors. We show that where is the join of G and H. This result allows us to construct classes of graphs such that and thus provide some information regarding two questions raised in [1] and [2]. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Local Fractional Variational Yang-Laplace Method for solving local fractional partial differential Equations
homa afraz Jafar Saberi nadjafiIn the last decade, the theory of local fractional calculus has been successfully used to describe and solve fundamental science and engineering problems. In this article, the local fractional Yang-Laplace variational iteration method has been used for solving the local MoreIn the last decade, the theory of local fractional calculus has been successfully used to describe and solve fundamental science and engineering problems. In this article, the local fractional Yang-Laplace variational iteration method has been used for solving the local fractional partial differential equation on a cantor set. The non-differentiable exact and approximate solutions are obtained for kind of local fractional linear and nonlinear equations. It is shown that the used method is an efficient and easy method to implement for linear and nonlinear problems arising in science and engineering. In this article, we emphasize on the LFYLVM method which is a combination form of local fractional variational iteration method and Yang-Laplace transform. Most of the obtained solutions from this method are in series form that converge rapidly to exact or approximate solutions. Illustrative examples demonstrate that the method is able to reduce the volume of computation compared to the existing classical methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Estimating the Solution of the Best-Worst Method Non-Linear Programming Model by solving the Mixed Integer Linear Programming Model Solutions
Mohammad Reza Dehghani Mehdi AbbasiThe Best-Worst Method (BWM) is one of the latest methods in Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problems. The mentioned method determines the optimal solution by forming and solving a Non-Linear Programming Model (NLPM). In respect to the difficulties of solving t MoreThe Best-Worst Method (BWM) is one of the latest methods in Multiple Attribute Decision Making (MADM) problems. The mentioned method determines the optimal solution by forming and solving a Non-Linear Programming Model (NLPM). In respect to the difficulties of solving the relevant NLPM, some attempts have been made to provide Linear Programming Models (LPM) or Equivalent Mixed Linear Programming Models. But there are some deficiencies in each of the proposed models. In this paper, by removing the mentioned deficiencies, an algorithm was proposed to estimate the solution of BWM NLPM with an acceptable error by forming and solving Mixed Integer Linear Programming Models (MILPMs). In the suggested algorithm, first, the equivalent model of NLPM (ENLPM) was formed. Then by Piecewise Linear Approximation (PLA) using the SOS2 method, the non-linear sentences of ENLPM were approximated and the first MILP model was formed and solved. If the error of solution is not acceptable, improving the PLA of the ENLPM nonlinear sentences, the forming of new MILPMs, and its solving continues until a solution with acceptable error obtained. To investigate the reliability of the algorithm, a new method for generating samples was proposed. Then using this method, 128 samples with three and five attributes were generated. The results of implementing the proposed algorithm to solve generated samples showed the performance and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. In this regard by forming and solving a maximum of three MILPMs of the samples, an estimation of the solution with 1% error was obtained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Orthogonal sets: Coincidence and fixed point theorems in incomplete metric spaces
Hamid Baghani Maryam Ramezani Hamid KhodaeiIn this paper, as motivated by a work of Daffer et al. [6], we state and prove some theorems for set valued mappings and by them we conclude the existence of coincidence points and fixed points of a general class of set valued mappings satisfying a new generalized contr MoreIn this paper, as motivated by a work of Daffer et al. [6], we state and prove some theorems for set valued mappings and by them we conclude the existence of coincidence points and fixed points of a general class of set valued mappings satisfying a new generalized contractive condition which extends some well-known results in the literature. For this reason, firstly, by using a recent work of Eshaghi et al [11], we define the notion of orthogonal sets and by the notion, we consider our results in strongly orthogonal complete metric spaces (not necessarily complete metric spaces). In addition, this article has a new and different view on the subject and consists of several non-trivial examples which signify the motivation of such investigations. Also, in the end of this paper, by using our examples, we show that our results are real generalization of the previous results in the literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A Hybrid Data Envelopment Analysis Method for Solving Decision Making Problems with GTHF Numbers
tayebeh Rezaei Taziani mahnaz barkhordariahmadi mohamad reza Balooch ShahryariTo face uncertainty in the real world, the two value logic has gradually replaced the fuzzy logic. In some real world problems, accurate determination of membership value is difficult and decision- making is associated with uncertainty and hesitation. This new perspecti MoreTo face uncertainty in the real world, the two value logic has gradually replaced the fuzzy logic. In some real world problems, accurate determination of membership value is difficult and decision- making is associated with uncertainty and hesitation. This new perspective manages the uncertainty caused by hesitation. Generalized trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy numbers (GTHFN), whose membership degree is expressed by several trapezoidal fuzzy number, is best suited to solve the decision-making problem in real life than real numbers. In this paper, we refer to a new concept called 'generalized trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy numbers' and its combination with data envelopment analysis. Using this information, we consider the deviation and the score values as input and output of the data envelopment analysis model in two stages respectively; then we used the result to construct a paired comparison matrix and eventually we prioritize the receivers decision making units. To use some concepts in the proposed decision making method, we first present some definitions of concepts such as the score and deviation functions from the generalized trapezoidal hesitant fuzzy numbers. Finally, a numerical example is presented for the proposed method to confirm its applicability, and the ranking result is compared with the methods of AP, TOPSIS with GTHF number and the weighted geometric operator in [7]. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Nearest and farthest points in nonlinear semi inner product spaces
Hamid Mazaheri mohamad jafar salehi Saeid AlikhaniIn this paper, we first introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear sem MoreIn this paper, we first introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. we introduce the nearest and the farthest points in normed spaces, then introduce nonlinear semi inner product spaces, negative dual sets and sun sets. We make statements about these concepts. Define the concept of orthogonality of the nonlinear semi inner product and describe its properties. Finally, we bring the nearest and the farthest points in linear spaces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Classifying Flexible Factors Using Fuzzy Concept
S. Saati N. ImaniIn Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), it is assumed that the role of each factor is known asinput or output. However, in some cases, there are shared factors that their input versusoutput status is not clearly known. These are flexible measures. In such cases, determining MoreIn Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), it is assumed that the role of each factor is known asinput or output. However, in some cases, there are shared factors that their input versusoutput status is not clearly known. These are flexible measures. In such cases, determiningwhether a factor is input or output is ambiguous. Therefore, using fuzzy concept seems to benecessary.In this paper, a two phase procedure is proposed to fuzzy classification of flexible measures.In the first phase, applying the existing classification methods, an orientation of flexiblemeasures to aid in the definition of inputs and outputs is achieved. Through defining amembership function in second phase, the input versus output status of a factor is expressedby fuzzy notion. By the proposed method, the efficiency of a decision mating unit is defendedby a membership degree. We illustrate the proposed model in a practical problem setting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Categorical properties of regular partially ordered pure monomorphisms
H. BarzegarLet a family of monomorphisms in the category A‎To study mathematical notions in a category A‎, ‎such as injectivity‎, ‎tensor products‎, ‎flatness‎, ‎with respect to a class Mof its (mono)morphisms‎, ‎one should know some of MoreLet a family of monomorphisms in the category A‎To study mathematical notions in a category A‎, ‎such as injectivity‎, ‎tensor products‎, ‎flatness‎, ‎with respect to a class Mof its (mono)morphisms‎, ‎one should know some of the categorical properties of the pair (A‎,M ‎)‎. ‎In this paper we take Ato be the‎‎category Pos-S of S-partially ordered sets and to be a particular‎ class of monomorphisms‎, ‎to be called partially‎ ‎ordered regular pure(po-pure)} monomorphisms‎. In this paper we investigate‎ some categorical properties such as limits and colimits for this class‎. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Effects of Product Market Competition on Agency Costs
امید پورحیدری امیر سروستانی رحمت اله هوشمندIn this paper , the effect of Product Market Competition on Agency Cost isinvestigated. In this regard, the effect of size is controlled. For measuring the ProductMarket Competition, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of sales and entry barriers is used.For measuring agency MoreIn this paper , the effect of Product Market Competition on Agency Cost isinvestigated. In this regard, the effect of size is controlled. For measuring the ProductMarket Competition, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index of sales and entry barriers is used.For measuring agency cost ,two criterion is used. The first criterion is the interaction ofthe firm’s growth prospects and its free cash flows. We used Tobin’s Q as a proxy for thefirm’s growth prospects. The other criterion is the assets turnover ratio.To test thehypotheses and data,multiple linear regression was used. findings of investigating 62firms in the 2003 to 2011 show that as the firm competition power increases and on theother hand the degree of the product market competition decreases, the agency cost wouldsignificantly increase. Moreover, the strength of the research results using annual datawere also exmined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The relationship between the size of firms and political costs
Ahmad Yaghoobnezhad Nemat JavadiThis research studies the relationship between the size of firms and political costs of the companies admitted in stock exchange of Tehran. The size of companies has been computed based on average of 3 years assets (2005-2006-2007) and The center years average of compan MoreThis research studies the relationship between the size of firms and political costs of the companies admitted in stock exchange of Tehran. The size of companies has been computed based on average of 3 years assets (2005-2006-2007) and The center years average of company. Accounting to the literature applied in past researches, the political costs has been considered as total costs including tax, insurance, interest free contributions , expenses for preserving environment , and contributing sport activities . Studying relationship between the size of firms and political costs can help the managers to initiate long-term plant. The achieved results show a significant relation between the size of firms and political costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The low information processing power of stockholders and its role in mispricing of firms’ shares
Abbas AflatooniThe published information on an entity is generally voluminous, and stockholders are not capable to analyze all available information. In this research that is done on a sample of 193 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2002 to 2013, using the rational pricing ap MoreThe published information on an entity is generally voluminous, and stockholders are not capable to analyze all available information. In this research that is done on a sample of 193 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2002 to 2013, using the rational pricing approach; I investigates the effect of low processing power of stockholders in analyzing the information about accruals and net operating assets, on their estimation about persistence of firms' future earnings.The research results show that, accruals and net operating assets are negatively associated to firms' future stock return; and investing in shares of firms with voluminous accruals and net operating assets, lead to the lower future stock returns for investors. Nonetheless, because of stockholders' inability to processing the information related to accruals and net operating assets, they overestimate the future persistence of accruals and net operating assets (and finally, accounting earnings) and cause to mispricing and irrational pricing of shares in stock market Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The experience of Iran Capital Market in securitization of assets (A case study of Sukuk publication)
Ali Najafi MoghadamIn this article, we review the history securitization offered in developed countries, the principles of Islamic securitization and pointed out the differences with conventional securitization. Then, given that the primary means of securitization of assets in Islamic cou MoreIn this article, we review the history securitization offered in developed countries, the principles of Islamic securitization and pointed out the differences with conventional securitization. Then, given that the primary means of securitization of assets in Islamic countries, different types of sukuk, while the introduction of this tool, the latest statistics broken down by country and type of the issuing sukuk listed on the national and international levels. Summing up the results of applied research in the field of securitization of assets in Iran and the Iranian experience with statistics publication of the issuing sukuk have been investigated and the Pathology market with debt problems of Securities on the Stock Exchange of Iran showed that the low depth, issuance of the long process of exchange, interest rate and currency risk of change .challenges were identified with respect to the securities exchange market in Iran is essential for development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Appraising the Usefulness of Ratios Used in DuPont System in Predicting Profitability
فریدون اوحدیIn economic theory, there is no more important proposition than that, under competition, the rate of return on investment tends toward equality in all industries’. Although this notion is applicable to total profitability measures such as return on assets (ROA), MoreIn economic theory, there is no more important proposition than that, under competition, the rate of return on investment tends toward equality in all industries’. Although this notion is applicable to total profitability measures such as return on assets (ROA), there is good reason to believe that various components of ROA identified by Dupont analysis will not revert to economy-wide levels, Industries have unique operating structures that Dupont analysis decomposes return on investment such as ROA into two multiplicative components, Profit margin (PM) and Asset turnover (ATO). This analysis is useful because each component measures different aspects of a firm’s operation. Advocate of this type of analysis claim that the components of ROA should provide additional insight into the business and operations of the firm and assist in forecasting. In this paper I examined whether Industry part of profit margin, Asset turnover and return on assets and Industry adjusted values of these variables (called abnormal) can predict future values (changes) of these variables , I found that decomposing each of these components into an abnormal and Industry component is useful for predicting also I found that profit margin and Asset turnover has a negative correlation with each other and the same is true with, their abnormal, (Industry-adjusted). In this paper pooled regression is used in predicting ROA, PM, and ATO of Industries and their Industry-adjusted values. Result showed that the regression equation is informative and significant. and provides enough information for decision making. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Testing the transmission of price fluctuations of physical assets to selected industries (Application of state space approach and ARDL model)
mahdi shaban habibollah nakhaei ghodratollah talebnia nazanin bashiri maneshThe purpose of this study is to test the transmission of price fluctuations of physical assets to the returns of selected industries including the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, construction and basic metals industries. For this purpose, the data of selected industries MoreThe purpose of this study is to test the transmission of price fluctuations of physical assets to the returns of selected industries including the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, construction and basic metals industries. For this purpose, the data of selected industries return index, dollar rate, Bahar Azadi coin price (representative of gold market), Iranian crude oil price and housing price from mid-December 2008 to March 2019 were prepared with daily frequency and using conditional heterogeneity variance method and state space approach and Kalman filter, conditional standard deviation of returns is considered as a measure of fluctuations. Then, using the ARDL method, how the fluctuations in the price of physical assets are transmitted to the index of returns of selected industries is described. The results show that the chemical industry from the fluctuations of the foreign exchange market, housing and gold, the pharmaceutical industry from the fluctuations of the oil, foreign exchange and housing markets, the construction materials industry from the fluctuations of the foreign exchange market, the food industry from the fluctuations of the oil market and the basic metals industry from the market fluctuations gold has a contagious linear system that provides evidence of information inefficiency in the Tehran Stock Exchange industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - A scheme of CAPM models considering momentum premium
Mehrdad Salehi Rezvan Hejazi Ghodrat allah Talebnia Ali Amirithe growth and development of financial markets and instruments, the complexity of financial markets and the specialization of investment, investors and financial market professionals need tools, methods and models that help them choose the best investment and the most Morethe growth and development of financial markets and instruments, the complexity of financial markets and the specialization of investment, investors and financial market professionals need tools, methods and models that help them choose the best investment and the most appropriate portfolios. This has led to a variety of theories, models, and methods for pricing asset holdings and the calculation of stock market outlook predictions, which are developing and changing every day. The aim of this research a scheme of CAPM models considering momentum premium. For this purpose, the researcher uses factor analysis method and structural equation method in order to more accurately analyze the data and measure the variables of the model. The results of 90 companies during the period from 2006 to 2016 in the Tehran Stock Exchange show that adding a factor to the momentum increases the explanatory power of the new model of capital asset valuation. Also, the return on a portfolio consisting of a losing company is less than the return on a portfolio of winning shares Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The study of relationship between financial liberalization and economic growth at Middle East and South Africa
مریم خوشنویس اعظم احمدیان فاطمه مهربانیThis paper aims to delineate the dynamics of financial liberalization and economic growth in mena region (Middle East and North Africa) based on data entailing the period of 1996-2007, using group pooled technique. In doing so, the technique has employed some potential MoreThis paper aims to delineate the dynamics of financial liberalization and economic growth in mena region (Middle East and North Africa) based on data entailing the period of 1996-2007, using group pooled technique. In doing so, the technique has employed some potential and actual indicators of financial liberalization to measure the impact on economic growth of financial liberalization, for example, the flow of foreign direct investment has been used as a proxy for actual financial liberalization index. As such the paper has investigated the casual relation between economic growth and financial development on one hand and that of financial development and financial liberalization on the other hand. The result indicate that in the former case one way relation exist i.e. economic growth exert its impact on financial development but in the latter case no casual relationship has not been noticed. Moreover, it has been found that economic liberalization has rendered a positive impact on economic growth Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Provide a Modifier Pattern of Capital Assets Pricing Models Using Distress Risk Model and Momentum Premium
Mehrdad Salehi rezvan hejazi qodratallah talebnia -
Open Access Article
23 - The Impact of Corporate income Tax and Firm Size on Fixed Investment
Omer Saeed Sidra Shafiq Khurram Shahzad -
Open Access Article
24 - Statistical Investigation and Comparative Assessment of the Non-Performing Assets of Indian Commercial Banks
A. Garg -
Open Access Article
25 - Investigating the relationship between customer focus and asset returns and inventory turnover ratios Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Seyyed Alireza MosaviThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between customer focus and return on assets and turnover ratio of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study is applied and is descriptive-correlational. The population of the study MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between customer focus and return on assets and turnover ratio of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study is applied and is descriptive-correlational. The population of the study consisted of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange who were active from 2014 to 2016. The sample size was 118 companies in total and 472 companies - year in the time range collected by systematic removal of screening technique. Research data were determined. The tools used in this study are reports published by the Stock Exchange, Exchange Monthly, and Modern Access Software, Desert & Dena and auditing reports, financial statements and the online community of Certified Public Accountants. Pearson's correlation, Pearson correlation and linear regression were analyzed. The results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between customer focus and return on assets at 95% confidence level and also a positive and significant relationship between customer focus and inventory turnover ratio. Finally, both hypotheses were confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigating the Relationship between Sales Growth and Return on Assets with Board of Directors of Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Seyyed Alireza MosaviThe board of directors and in other words the board of directors of the corporations are the members of its board of directors. Shareholders invest their funds in the company by selecting board members and trusting in their good performance and wisdom, and they benefit MoreThe board of directors and in other words the board of directors of the corporations are the members of its board of directors. Shareholders invest their funds in the company by selecting board members and trusting in their good performance and wisdom, and they benefit from the company and shareholders by leveraging their intelligence and creativity after the financial year expires. With their intelligence and creativity, make a profit on the company and shareholders after the end of the financial year. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sales growth and return on assets with remuneration of board of directors of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study is applied and is descriptive-correlational. The population of the study consisted of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange that were active from 2014 to 2016. Sample size was determined by systematic elimination of screening technique of 118 companies and in total 472 companies / year in the timeframe of data collection. The tools used in this study are reports published by the Stock Exchange, Exchange Monthly, Modern Access Software, Sahara and Dena, and audit reports, financial statements, and the Internet Portal of Accountants. The data were analyzed using Chua and Housman tests, Mann-Whitney test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. The results showed that there is a positive significant relationship between sales growth and company board remuneration at 95% confidence level also, there is a positive and significant relationship between return on assets and corporate board reward, which both hypotheses were ultimately confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - A Comparative Study on the Relationship among Extended Market Orientation (EMO), Refined Economic Value Added (REVA) and Return on Assets (ROA)
Sh. Nayebzadeh M. Moein Aldin Z. GheisaryThe concept of marketing means that the performance of each business unit starts with recognizing its customers and their needs. Every organization is responsible for not only producing and selling products and services, but also satisfying its customers; thus observing MoreThe concept of marketing means that the performance of each business unit starts with recognizing its customers and their needs. Every organization is responsible for not only producing and selling products and services, but also satisfying its customers; thus observing its customers’ needs and wants empower the organization t in its indented markets. In accordance to this statement, many researchers have tried their best to introduce some methods and models to make this concept more applicable. Regarding the fact that the success of many organizations depends on creating a substantive competitive privilege and the key to make such a privilege is offering superior value for costumers; concentration on customers, competitors and the other influencing factors as a determinant culture in the organization or in the form of solitary complex consisting of purposeful activities toward market under some concepts such as market-orientation and customization in practice have been used. The current research has studied the relationship between Extended Market Orientation and business performance. Therefore, the subjects of this research project were the stock exchange companies which produced consuming products and their economic and financial data of 2004 to 2008 were available. The main variables of this research project were: Extended Market Orientation (EMO), the criteria of business financial performance (Rate of Return Assets (ROA)) and the criteria of business economic performance (Refined Economic Value Added (REVA)). In this research project, statistical inference, parametric and nonparametric statistical methods, Spearman and Kendall correlation test have been used. In this research project, the data which were required for determining the business performance criteria have been extracted from financial accounts of the organizations and the required data to evaluate the extent of market orientation in the mentioned companies have been collected by use of s standardized questionnaire used in international researches. In order to assess the market orientation, the questionnaire besides a letter from the university has been sent to each company and after repeated follow-up, 23 questionnaires were returned. After collecting the required data and using them to analyze the hypotheses, the results showed there is a significance relationship between extended market-orientation and rate of return assets while extended market orientation has no correlation with adjusted value economic added. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Comparing the impact of co-determinants on return on assets: focusing on Business Strategies
فرزین رضایی رضا محسنی مریم رایقیThe present study investigates the impact of assets' age and business strategies on therelationship between the growth of assets and the operational performance of the companies.return on net operational assets is considered to be the representatives of the operationalp MoreThe present study investigates the impact of assets' age and business strategies on therelationship between the growth of assets and the operational performance of the companies.return on net operational assets is considered to be the representatives of the operationalperformance of the companies. For this purpose, a sample including 86 companies listed atTehran's stock exchange during the 2006 and 2010 has been studied. By doing hierarchicalcluster analysis, the companies were categorized into two clusters of cost leadership andproduct differentiation. In order to analyze and examine the relationship between the variablesin our study, the approaches of balanced panel data was used. The results show that there's asignificant relationship between and the assets' age operational performance of the companies.These findings underline the influence of the variables of the assets' age and businessstrategies on the relationship between growth of the assets and the performance of thecompanies. These results indicate that the impact of factors on the growth of assets in thecompanies with older assets is more intensive. From the other hand, the findings show that theimpact of the growth of the assets in the companies following the product differentiationapproach is negative. Since the main key to success in investments is to determine eachcompany’s particular competitive advantage and the stability thereof; hence, the empiricalresults of these strategic concepts could provide a useful mechanism for entrepreneurs inorder to gain a better future performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Accounting flexibility and managers' optimism: Test of management discretion theory
Soghra Barari Nokashti Bahman Banimahd Ahmad YaghoubnejadThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between accounting flexibility and the managers' optimism in earnings forecast based on the theory of managerial discretion. The statistical sample of the research includes 129 companies from listed companies MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between accounting flexibility and the managers' optimism in earnings forecast based on the theory of managerial discretion. The statistical sample of the research includes 129 companies from listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange between 2008 to 2016. The results of the research show that there is a direct and meaningful relationship between the amount of accounting flexibility with earnings predictive growth and predictive error by management. As firms with high accounting flexibility have a more optimistic prediction than companies with low accounting flexibility. Also, companies with higher accounting flexibility through earnings manipulation have been able to increase earnings above Forecast earnings and their earnings forecast error is positive, but firms with low accounting flexibility due to the effect Cumulative of the past accruals management has been confronted with a limitation on Manipulation of current period earnings and future periods, so the predictive error of their earnings is negative. According to the results of the research, it is suggested to investors and analysts to be attentive to managers' Opportunistic optimism When they use earnings Forecast by Managers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Role of Mental Accounting in Capital Budgeting Decisions
Mona Parsaei Mahnaz MollanazariCurrent paper examines the effect of retrospective source of finance on the capital budgeting decisions and investigates the possibility of costly decision errors in the case of using mental accounting by managers. This experimental study has utilized a 2*2 between subj MoreCurrent paper examines the effect of retrospective source of finance on the capital budgeting decisions and investigates the possibility of costly decision errors in the case of using mental accounting by managers. This experimental study has utilized a 2*2 between subjects factorial design. Independent variables that are manipulated in this paper are retrospective source of finance and prospective source of finance. The sample consists of 160 participants including executive experts and academic persons assigned to one of the four groups through random assignment. Results show that managers are less likely to part with a debt financed asset in comparison with an identical equity financed asset. The reason behind above reluctance is related to the managers’ perceptions about the asset’s past benefits. This study shows that a psychological factor may cause managers to forego investments that they should invest according to the capital budgeting techniques. In this way, the results can contribute to the accounting literature through providing valuable information for capital budgeting studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Pathology achieving construction budget in Tehran during the first four years of the fourth development plan
کرم اله دانش فرد حاجیه رجبی فرجادPolicies and programs, infrastructure construction and government, through theconstruction budget as an important and comprehensive Sindhi been applied and isimplemented. Civil Affairs in the development of infrastructure funding and economicinfrastructure, social, play MorePolicies and programs, infrastructure construction and government, through theconstruction budget as an important and comprehensive Sindhi been applied and isimplemented. Civil Affairs in the development of infrastructure funding and economicinfrastructure, social, plays an important role and its importance is such that in theBudget and Planning Act 1351 specifically Section 5 and 7 of this is expressed. Sostudy the factors affecting the quality and execution of budget construction andimplementation of Pathology, greatly contributed to the realization of programs andgovernment policies will be. In this study, the researcher realized Pathologyconstruction budget in Tehran during the first four years of the fourth developmentplan has paid. The main goal of this study, the lack of recognition of existingproblems in the way of achieving development executive budget development is inTehran province. Research on a four-year period 1384 to 1387 using the Spearmancorrelation coefficient test was performed. Descriptive research methods - Aquestionnaire survey and data collection has used. The study of all staff, financial,housing Vshhrsazy Tehran province, Mines Industries Organization, Tehran Province,Tehran Province Road and Transportation Department is renovating schools in Tehranand sampling all the organizational conditions is considered.Review research findings on the relationship between independent variable (delay incredit allocation, bureaucracy, time prediction programs, structural problems withinthe organization, process cost, estimated improper construction budget) and thedependent variable (civil or non-realization of the budget delay in the implementationconstruction budget) showed, respectively, operating expense and delay in theallocation process credit most effective in achieving non- construction budget anddevelopment budget is the delay in implementation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Social Responsibility, Financial Performance and Institutional Ownership Reporting
Zahra Amirhosseini Maesume GhobadiIn recent years, corporate social responsibility has been the sensitive topic of interest, and tends to invest in companies that are reporting corporate social responsibility is rising andit has become important in the area of financial reporting, especially in manageme MoreIn recent years, corporate social responsibility has been the sensitive topic of interest, and tends to invest in companies that are reporting corporate social responsibility is rising andit has become important in the area of financial reporting, especially in management accounting. Reviews of books show that there is an indirect relationship between social responsibility and institutional ownership. So, this study examined the mediating effect of financial performance on a relationship between corporate social responsibilities and institutional ownership. To this end, in the period 1389 to 1392,23 investing companies were tested in two stages as research sample. First, the relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance was examined and then the relationship between corporate social responsibilities having an institutional ownership considering the effect of mediator of financial performance was evaluated. The results show that there is an effect of mediator of financial performance on the relationship between the social responsibility and institutional ownership. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Modeling of intangible assets in Tehran Stock Exchange Firms
Zohreh Arefmanesh Ali RahmaniAlthough, intangible assets play an important role in firm's success and its final value in the new knowledge based economy. There is fundamental challenges about valuation of knowledge assets and intangible value drivers and also assessment of its effect on firms succe MoreAlthough, intangible assets play an important role in firm's success and its final value in the new knowledge based economy. There is fundamental challenges about valuation of knowledge assets and intangible value drivers and also assessment of its effect on firms success and performance . because according to current accounting standards, most of the intangible investments cannot report in the balance sheet. This research is aimed to modeling of intangible assets in the firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For the purposes of the research, first to identify intangible assets aspects and financial measures of firms investments in each of aspects, concept of mapping was presented. Then by two proposed models, value of intangible assets for 143 firms from 1385 to 1392 was assessed. Finally from these two models, the more effective model was determined. According to the research findings, the proposed models have enough validity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Presenting the Model for Prospecting Future Profits by Using the Financial Ratios Combination of Accepted Companies in Tehran’s Stock Exchange
Mehdi Moradzadeh Fard Azadeh PoorbagheriThis thesis surveys the possibility of prospecting future profits by using the financial ratios combination of accepted companies in Tehran’s stock exchange. Because of this reason the eight financial ratios as fallows; Growth in Sales (GSALES), Growth in Net Oper MoreThis thesis surveys the possibility of prospecting future profits by using the financial ratios combination of accepted companies in Tehran’s stock exchange. Because of this reason the eight financial ratios as fallows; Growth in Sales (GSALES), Growth in Net Operating Assets (GNOA), Return on Net Operating Assets (RNOA), Operating Assets Turnover (ATO), Operating Liabilities Leverage(OLLEV), Profit Margin (PM), Advertising costs intensity (ADV) and Research and Development costs intensity (RD) were selected as independent variables and on the other hand the variable of Logarithm Net Operating Assets (LOGNOA) was considered as a control variable. So the eight spillover hypotheses were suggested to prove that there is a meaningful relation between the operating profit and each of these mentioned ratios. The research was being surveyed within a decade from the years 1377 to 1386.The select sample contained 55 companies which were elected from among accepted ones in Tehran’s stock exchange. The research scheme contains fitting of Regression model within the years 1377 to 1385, forecasting the operating profit in 1386 and lastly surveying accuracy of forecasting by comparing actual estimated values through the pair sampling test. the used statistical method in this research was the analysis of solidarity through Regression by using PLS technique (the least squares combined), which was done in two processes; the single variable analysis and the multiple Regression. All tests were done by means of the SPSS (15th writing) and the EVIEWS (4th writing) softwares. According to the obtained results from the research hypotheses’ test, it was confirmed that there is a meaningful relation between the logarithm net operating assets (control variable), sales growth, return on net operating assets, operating assets turnover, research and development costs intensity and operating profit. Also according to the results of the multiple regression and the step by step method, the main hypothesis of this research was confirmed which means that it is absolutely possible to prospect the future profits by using the financial ratios combination of productive companies that are accepted in Tehran’s stock exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Measuring cultural capital and comparing it between the student of management faculty of Shahid Beheshti University and the Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Science and research branch
علی اکبر رضایی مریم بختیاریIntroduction & Objective: Cultural assets can be defined as a property which illustrates, saves , and supplies cultural values, in addition to every economical value that have ever been. Existing cultural assets refers to such an asset in any given time and in term MoreIntroduction & Objective: Cultural assets can be defined as a property which illustrates, saves , and supplies cultural values, in addition to every economical value that have ever been. Existing cultural assets refers to such an asset in any given time and in term of an appropriate count unit in advance, material qualities or a collective evaluation is determined or measured. These existing assets gradually result in creating a flow of old services which may be utilized to produce more goods and more services for consumption. Method:This research, regarding its aim, is an applied one and was conducted in a descriptive procedure. The collecting data in this research is a field and library –based. The tools were used to gather information also in this research included a probe questionnaire. The surrounding realm in this research is Tehran city. The subjects are among 456 students studying in the Islamic Azad University- Research and Science Unit- Management Department and Shahid Beheshti University's Management Department. The main purpose of this research is to measure/assess and to compare cultural assets among the students studying in Management Department of Shahid Beheshti University and those of the Islamic Azad University- Research and Science Unit, in Tehran. Results: The results gained from this research show that law –based components and cultural understanding have the first rank and the second rank among the students of Shahid Beheshti University and Research and Science Unit, respectively. And the levels of components of social coherence and citizens' participation have the first rank and the second rank among the students of Shahid Beheshti University. Conclusion: Regarding the outcomes from a cultural assets test at the individual level, among other basic components of cultural assets, this component among the students of Shahid Beheshti University is stronger than that of Research and Science Unit of the Islamic Azad University. And the level of social and national components among main components of cultural assets among the students of Research and Science Unit of the Islamic Azad University is stronger than that of the students of Shahid Beheshti University. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The Impact Rate of the Emotional Intelligence on Happiness between the Students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch & Qazvin Islamic Azad University
علی اکبر رضایی مینا قدمیABSTRACT Introduction and Research objective: And also Happiness dimensions are as following: Identify, Health, safety, Money and perceived value. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence on the components of Happiness be MoreABSTRACT Introduction and Research objective: And also Happiness dimensions are as following: Identify, Health, safety, Money and perceived value. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence on the components of Happiness between the students of Islamic Azad University, science and Research branch & Qazvin Islamic Azad University. Method: This research is applied in purpose and descriptive in implementation. It is a descriptive ‐measurable research. The sample volume was determined through Morgan’s table; and they were selected via stratified random sampling which was appropriate for the sample volume (347 people). In this research, the students of science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University & Qazvin Islamic Azad University, par cipated in the Study based on 60‐item questionnaire, containing five different sets of items related to Self ‐Awareness, Self‐Control, Social awareness, Social Skills and Self ‐Motivation in related to Happiness. At first, we explained Research totality. Then we explained Research literature, Research method and Information Analysis. Findings: This research indicates direct statistical relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Identify, Emotional Intelligence and Health, Emotional Intelligence and safety & Emotional Intelligence and perceived value. But in the fourth hypothesis, this relationship was not observed with Money’s dimension. The results of regression analysis proved the fact that emotional intelligence effects on the components of Happiness in whole. Conclusions : Finally, This research indicates direct statistical relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Happiness between the students of science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University & Qazvin Islamic Azad University, and in the end, some suggestions in case of the results of the study have been proposed to the people and future researche Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Investigation of solvent effect on the active site energy of Carbonic Anhydrase and Ribonucleotide Reductase
M. Heshmat S. Saki M. Khaleghian S. Irani M. Monajjemi -
Open Access Article
38 - Rationalizing the Strength of Hydrogen-Bonded of Molybdate-Phosphonic acid Complex (1:2): Density Functional Theory Studies
Mohammad Hossein Ghorbani Hossein Aghaei -
Open Access Article
39 - Quantum Chemistry Study & Evaluation of Basis Set Effects on Prediction of Amino Acids Properties:
M. Monajjemi M. Karimkhan M. R. Gholami A. Ziglari K. Zare S. Afsharnezhad -
Open Access Article
40 - Fuzzy Analysis of Citizen Social Participation in Tehran
Hadi Barghamadi Adel AbdollahiInterdiction: The current study investigates the degree of involvement of Tehran in social participation using the concepts related to fuzzy sets. The level of involvement of Tehran citizens in social trust and social solidarity as well as causal requirements for social MoreInterdiction: The current study investigates the degree of involvement of Tehran in social participation using the concepts related to fuzzy sets. The level of involvement of Tehran citizens in social trust and social solidarity as well as causal requirements for social participation is evaluated through consistency and coverage index. Method: The research is an applied, descriptive, and cross-sectional one. Documentary data has been collected in the field. The statistical population include15 years or older residents in 22 districts of Tehran and the sample size is 920 subjects selected through random sampling and analyzed by questionnaire. Finding and Conclusion:The results showed that all the studied cases (22 districts of Tehran Municipality) has confirmed that social trust and solidarity is the causal requirement for social participation of citizens in Tehran. Social trust and social solidarity cover 0.6247% and 0.4734% of social participation in Tehran, respectively; this shows that social trust is a more important variable in Tehran involvement in social participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The impact of economic policy uncertainty and corporate social responsibility with emphasis on the mediating role of intellectual capital and research and development
malihe alifarri Mitra HamedinejadThe current research was conducted with the topic of economic policy uncertainty and company value: the mediating role of intellectual capital and research and development. The research is considered to be applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlat MoreThe current research was conducted with the topic of economic policy uncertainty and company value: the mediating role of intellectual capital and research and development. The research is considered to be applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of this research is all the companies of Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2014 to 2016. The sample used was also selected through the method of systematic exclusion from the statistical population, in this order, 114 companies have been selected as the research sample, to examine and test the hypotheses. Research data analysis was done using EVIEWS10 software and regression test. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between economic policy uncertainty and social responsibility; Intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between social responsibility and company value; Intellectual capital has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between corporate governance and company value; Research and development has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between social responsibility and company value, and research and development has a positive and significant effect on the relationship between corporate governance and company value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Demonstration of Kant's Theory on Transforming All Forms of Syllogism into the First Form
Ali Akbar. PeymanIn the beginning, syllogism, Kant's attitude, on syllogism, and its fourbasic forms are defined. Form Kant's view, only the first form issignificant and other forms can be transformed into the first one. Then,the various forms and formulas of Aristotelian - Classical lo MoreIn the beginning, syllogism, Kant's attitude, on syllogism, and its fourbasic forms are defined. Form Kant's view, only the first form issignificant and other forms can be transformed into the first one. Then,the various forms and formulas of Aristotelian - Classical logic areintroduced. Finally, there is an attempt for demonstrating status oftransforming all forms of syllogism into the first form , i.e. Barbara, byrelying on formal language of mathematical logic, theory of sets, andespecially Van's diagrams. In each case, an example in natural languagefor a more accurate understanding is provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - A Survey of finding locations for fire fighting stations in semnan by utillzation geography information system
yousef Ali ZiariFire fighting stations and their locations in helping and rescuing people areconsidered to be very important in cities. fire fighters can have an important role inproviding comfort and security for their citizens and economy of the cities.So, giving proper and on time S MoreFire fighting stations and their locations in helping and rescuing people areconsidered to be very important in cities. fire fighters can have an important role inproviding comfort and security for their citizens and economy of the cities.So, giving proper and on time Services via fire fighting stations requires them to bestationed at good locations.The main purpose of establishing fire fightings stations isto provide part of the security in cities for the purposes mentioned above. For reachingthis goal, unified systematic view function in cities ingredient in micro level anddirection cities structure in the macro level is importan whieh is achieved more eventin geographical information system .In this reserch,the main goal is to find the bestlocation for fire fighting in semnan, or to transfare some of the stations from theirpresent locations if neccessary.In this research,attempts have beenmade to find themost appropriate places for the fire fighters to be stationed at new places. Therefore,inorder to find scientific and exact places a combination of geographical informationsystem GIS and AHP has been used .After priamcary studies and gathering useful datafor setslaction in the fire fighting .The effective criteria were dividied in to six groupsand , then by means of analytical hierarchy process the weight of each criteria wasdetermind and finally was mixed by means of index overlay .The results with highflexibility were offered in six forms. After putting together the plans obtained,firstproper initial restrictions were proposed. Then the exact position of each proposedstation within this boundary was determind in a way that they are able to cover themaximum area and give services. At the end, a part from the existing stations twomore were added and five new stations were suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Facilitation and Flourishing of Local Capacities and Assets (Case Study: Jafarabad Neighborhood)
Sajjad Zangisheh hojt shekhi farhad bronkIntroduction: One of the most important missions of the facilitation is to identify the capacities and assets of the neighborhood and their flourishing in the direction of local community-based development and endogenous development. Social development is about putting MoreIntroduction: One of the most important missions of the facilitation is to identify the capacities and assets of the neighborhood and their flourishing in the direction of local community-based development and endogenous development. Social development is about putting human beings at the center of development theory. The social development approach emphasizes capacities and therefore empowerment is very important in it. In the transformation of planning approaches from the point of view of the need for base-based assets, attention has been paid to the capacities of the local community in order to empower the community. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. To analyze the data and information, a combined method (quantitative and qualitative) appropriate to the subject has been used. Also, 461 questionnaires were distributed by simple random method and Cronbach's alpha value for the reliability test of the questionnaire was 0.874, which means that our scale has high validity and reliability. Questionnaire analysis was also performed using statistical methods in SPSS software. Findings: To focus on the assets of the Jafarabad neighborhood, one must first identify the assets. Accordingly, the key assets of the local community include influential people, local associations and clubs (CBOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), support-charitable centers, government agencies, physical assets (educational, sports facilities). And recreation, health and social services and other similar items (social relations, cultural assets, economic and financial assets, etc.) Accordingly, each neighborhood and local community has the conditions, capacities and assets that Relying on them, we can take steps to solve the problems of the neighborhood and the development of the local community.The research findings indicate the low capital and assets of Jafarabad neighborhood in all dimensions. Conclusion: To achieve local community-based development, identify and recognize the potentials and capacities of the neighborhood, the flourishing of local assets is a requirement. Also, by recognizing all the assets and capacities of the neighborhood and their prosperity, local community-based development can be achieved. They must be discovered and given wings and empowered to witness the flight of the neighborhood towards the ideals and goals of urban development. Unfortunately, in Jafarabad neighborhood, urban capacities and capitals have not been discovered and flourished, and this has caused the neighborhood to lag behind in development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Drought Monitoring and Trend Analysis by Using Rainfall Products ERA5, CHIRPS, and PERSIANN-CDR Rainfall Products in Iran
Milad Nouri Shadman VeysiBackground and Aim: The scarcity of data poses a significant challenge for drought studies. Alternative datasets are created to supplement existing data sources. Despite the inherent uncertainties associated with alternative datasets, the gridded datasets provide long-t MoreBackground and Aim: The scarcity of data poses a significant challenge for drought studies. Alternative datasets are created to supplement existing data sources. Despite the inherent uncertainties associated with alternative datasets, the gridded datasets provide long-term, spatially-continuous weather data, making them suitable for drought assessment under climate changes. Several studies have been conducted to characterize dry spells across Iran using both point datasets and gridded products. However, most of these studies have focused primarily on identifying errors in absolute values of drought indices and drought detection.Method: In the present study, we evaluated the performance of three gridded datasets in characterizing droughts across different climatic conditions in Iran. The datasets under consideration were the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA5), Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), and Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks-Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR). The Standardized Precipitation Index in 3-, 6-, and 12-month scales (i.e., SPI3, SPI6, and SPI12) was applied. The precipitation observations were obtained from the Iran Meteorological Organization (IRIMO) for 35 sites spanning the period from 1988 to 2017. The با توجهstudy sites covered a range of climatic conditions, including hyper-arid, arid, semi-arid, and humid/semi-humid regions. To analyze the long-term trend in precipitation, two statistical methods, namely, the Sen’s slope estimator (SSE) and the Mann-Kendall non-parametric test (MKZ) were employed.Results: Results revealed that the gridded datasets performed poorly in detecting dry months and estimating SPI values in humid/semi-humid regions. However, ERA5 estimated SPI3, SPI6, and SPI12 with sufficient accuracy in more than the two-third of arid and semi-arid areas. Moreover, ERA5 detected dry months accurately based on SPI12 in the majority of arid and semi-arid cases. Specifically, ERA5 accurately detected severe and long-lasting dry events that occurred in drylands during the periods of 1998-2001 and 2007-2009. These intense dry epochs detected by ERA5 have had significant negative impacts on the agricultural sectors in the Middle East, highlighting the critical need for accurate drought monitoring and management. However, CHIRPS and PERSIANN-CDR performed poorly in estimating SPI and detecting dry months in arid and semi-arid regions. Furthermore, ERA5 provided reliable estimates of the significance and direction of the slope of SPI3, SPI6, and SPI12 in more than half of arid and semi-arid regions, while CHIRPS and PERSIANN-CDR yielded inaccurate estimates in most areas. However, in some cases where SPI values and drought months were not accurately modeled, the significance and direction of slopes were estimated accurately. These findings suggest that while inaccurate SPI estimates from gridded datasets may indicate limitations in their skill to characterize drought; they do not necessarily imply their unsuitability for trend analysis and climate change assessments.Conclusion: The results suggest that ERA5 outperformed the other alternate datasets evaluated in terms of estimating SPI values, detecting drought events, and estimating the significance and slope of SPI in drylands. As such, ERA5 precipitation products may be suitable for drought characterization and monitoring under climate change in drought-prone arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Effectiveness of Green Transformational Leadership under Human Resources Sustainable Competency of Golestan Oil Company
Ehsan Shahhosseini Mahmudreza Mostaghimi Samere ShojaieBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is evaluating the effectiveness of green transformational leadership under the human resources sustainable competency of Golestan Oil Company by Intuitive fuzzy sets. Material and Methodology: This research is a de MoreBackground and Objective: The Purpose of this research is evaluating the effectiveness of green transformational leadership under the human resources sustainable competency of Golestan Oil Company by Intuitive fuzzy sets. Material and Methodology: This research is a developmental research in terms of purpose, because of the lack of a basis for evaluating the effectiveness of green transformational leadership under a sustainable human resource competency system in previous research, based on meta-analysis in the first step, an attempt was made to identify components as analytical basis for research and themes as decision variables. Then, in order to explain the identified components and themes, in a small part, Intuitive Fuzzy Sets (IFSs) was used to determine the most effective dimension of green transformational leadership based on the most important theme of sustainable human resource competence. In this study, the target population consisted of two sections: qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, with the help of 15 experts and experts in the field of human resource management at the university level, an attempt was made to identify research components, components and propositions in the form of scores. In the quantitative sector, 21 middle managers of the oil company in Golestan province participated to evaluate the quantitative sector analyzes. Findings: The results showed that, despite the participatory competencies of human resources, the most important dimension of green transformational leadership is the effectiveness of opportunity. Discussion and Conclusion: In fact, the result of this study reflects the fact that the participatory competence of human resources strengthens the level of interoperability and communication within the organization in the field of decision-making on environmental issues and problems and it strengthens the dimension of effective opportunity in transformational green leadership to create more ideas and support for human resource innovations in the field of green operations in the oil company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy
Maha Taheri Gholamreza Memarzade Tehran Morteza Moosa KhaniBackground and Objective: One of the important issues in the tax administration is the lack of acceptable performance and defined goals for notification policies. The purpose of this research is Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing th MoreBackground and Objective: One of the important issues in the tax administration is the lack of acceptable performance and defined goals for notification policies. The purpose of this research is Assessing of Green Tax Sustainability Based on Obstacles to Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy. Material and Methodology: This research is developmental in terms of methodology and is combined in terms of data collection type. In this study, in the qualitative part, based on meta-analysis processes, an attempt was made to first identify researches related to the two concepts of barriers to the Implementing the Tax Administration's Notification Policy and the consequences of green tax sustainability, and then to determine the components and themes of the research based on critical evaluation scale. Also in the qualitative part, Delphi analysis was used to determine the extent of theoretical consensus. In a Quantitative part, were used intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). Findings: The results showed that structural barrier is considered as the most effective theme of barriers to the implementation of notification policies which can interfere with the sustainability of the consequences of green tax sustainability. Discussion and Conclusion: The result shows that the obstacles to the implementation of the notification policies of the Tax Administration neutralize environmental pollution as the most important consequence of green tax sustainability, and this issue makes the consequences of green tax sustainability practically not have the necessary impact on the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - The Survey on Mediator Role of Intangible Assets in Managerial Overconfidence and Capital Return (ROIC)
Amir Hossein ErzaThe present research mainly aims to investigate effect of managerial overconfidence on return of investment and review on mediating role of intangible assets on this relationship in the listed enterprises in Tehran Stock and Exchange Organization (TSEO). The current inv MoreThe present research mainly aims to investigate effect of managerial overconfidence on return of investment and review on mediating role of intangible assets on this relationship in the listed enterprises in Tehran Stock and Exchange Organization (TSEO). The current investigation has studied the model of combined data annually for time period (2011-16) in a sample composed of 194 companies which have been selected out of the listed enterprises in TSEO Organization using systematic deletion. The results of this study indicated that there was significant relationship among managerial overconfidence and return of capital. In addition, there is significant relationship among managerial overconfidence and return of capital given the rate of investment in intangible assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The Effect of Shockes of Selected Domestic and Foreign Markets on the Volatilities of Investment Return in Tehran Stock Exchange: DCC-FIAPARCH Model
Leila Argha Mohammad Mowlaei Abolfazl Shahabadi Mohsen KhezriOne of the features of a financial market, the stock market in particular, is its affectability from other financial and non-financial markets. regarding the importance of this issue, the present study aimed at investigating the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) bet MoreOne of the features of a financial market, the stock market in particular, is its affectability from other financial and non-financial markets. regarding the importance of this issue, the present study aimed at investigating the dynamic conditional correlation (DCC) between the returns on the domestic and foreign assets in monthly data (oil, industry, exchange and base metals including total, copper, steel) and returns on the stock price index in Iran during March 2001 to April 2017 using the DCC-FIAPARCH approach. The obtained results indicated a statistically significant and positive DCC coefficient difference between the metals, industrial products, and copper returns with the stocks returns. Consequently, it is not possible to put each of these assets with the stocks in an identical situation (purchase or sale), but instead they should be always placed in opposite situations for the purpose of risk control. However, with regard to other assets, the DCC was not significant; accordingly, the assets can be placed in the investment portfolio together with the stocks although the presence of such assets in the given portfolio did not help to reduce the portfolio risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Factors affecting enterprise risk management in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
mohamad hosein pourahmadi Gholam Reza Farsad Amanollahi zahra LashgariEnterprise risk management can identify, measure, control, and monitor risk levels. The issue of enterprise risk management has been of interest to companies in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of enterprise risk management prog MoreEnterprise risk management can identify, measure, control, and monitor risk levels. The issue of enterprise risk management has been of interest to companies in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of enterprise risk management programs and then to examine the factors affecting the management of organizational risk 118 companies during the years 1388 to 1398. Factors such as firm size, growth opportunity, return on assets, financial leverage and dividends were also used as factors influencing the implementation of enterprise risk management. The test results of the hypotheses showed that the size of the company with 0.2853 and growth opportunity with 0.2349 multiplaiers is meaningful and positive. Also, financial leverage with -0.03935 and dividend with -0.01095 don’t have significance. In other words, at the 95% confidence level, firm size, growth opportunity, return on assets have an impact on enterprise risk management and financial leverage, dividend variables have no effect on enterprise risk management in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In other words, enterprise risk management can improve the operational performance and increase the value of the company, and companies that are exposed to high risk due to environmental uncertainty can prevent and control the adverse effects of risk Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The impact of ownership concentration and dividend policy on the financial performance and capital structure of banks
Amirreza Keyghobadi Marjan DamankeshidehIn public companies, shareholders (employers) delegate decision-making power to their directors (ie, control, albeit to varying degrees, of ownership of this separation of interests). Managers are working in the best interests of the owners, as has been suggested by Mal MoreIn public companies, shareholders (employers) delegate decision-making power to their directors (ie, control, albeit to varying degrees, of ownership of this separation of interests). Managers are working in the best interests of the owners, as has been suggested by Mali's theory. In public corporations, ownership structures can be fragmented (large number of small shareholders) or concentrated (small number of major shareholders). When ownership is in the hands of the overwhelming agents, the centralized control system and when the ownership is distributed, the control system will be decentralized. Since ownership concentration is seen as an important determinant of corporate governance, it seems that the identity of the controlling owners has a fundamental role to play in ownership. In this paper, the effect of dividend policy and ownership concentration on the financial performance and capital structure of the banks listed in Tehran Stock Exchange is investigated using static panel estimators. The estimation of the regression model is done in 3 separate models. The research period is between 2012 and 2017 in 17 selected banks of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Factors Influencing the Performance of Acquisition Companies
Mohammad Reza Eghbal Seyed Ali Nabavi Chashmi Naser Yadollahzadeh TabariMoving toward globalization is one of the most contemplative and challenging issues of today. One of the best strategies for the growth and development of companies that operate in a changing environment and always be ready to respond is acquisition. The purpose of this MoreMoving toward globalization is one of the most contemplative and challenging issues of today. One of the best strategies for the growth and development of companies that operate in a changing environment and always be ready to respond is acquisition. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the performance of the acquirer companies. The study population is all companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange that were in the acquisition process from 2013 to 2016, and 48 of them were identified as acquisition companies and the statistical sample of the present study. The results indicated that the acquisition variable, intangible assets, and size of companies were positively correlated with ROA. In addition, the acquisition and size variables have a positive relationship with corporate performance with respect to ROE. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Studying the Effect of the components of the cash conversion cycle and return on assets in abkame company.
Khosro Faghani Makarani Zahra Bineshian Yaser AhmadiThis study examines the relationship between the cash conversion cycle and return on assets in this company from (1382) through (1390).in this research we study the effect of different variables of cash conversion cycle on profitability in this company. these variables MoreThis study examines the relationship between the cash conversion cycle and return on assets in this company from (1382) through (1390).in this research we study the effect of different variables of cash conversion cycle on profitability in this company. these variables consist of: Account Payable period,Inventory Turnover Period,Account Receipt Period. Current ratio, debt ratio, sales growth was considered as a control variable. For analyzing datas and accepting or rejecting each hypothesis we use from pearson and regresun correlation coefficient also we use that for normality. The conclusion of this study shows an inverse relationship between variables of cash conversion cycle and return on assets. it means if account receipt, cash conversion cycle and period of debt payment increase ,the profitability of this company will decrease so managers can create the positive value for shareholders with decreasing period of debt payment, period of inventory turnover, period of demand collection and… Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Risk-Return Tradeoff: Evidence of Capital Assets Pricing Model
Roohollah Farhadi Ali Saghafi Mohammad Taghi TaghavifardIn this research, return and risk tradeoff examined using standard form of Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) in Tehran Securities Exchange (TSE). Using a methodology related to the field of Ex post facto studies in financial researches, OLS and Quantile regression mod MoreIn this research, return and risk tradeoff examined using standard form of Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) in Tehran Securities Exchange (TSE). Using a methodology related to the field of Ex post facto studies in financial researches, OLS and Quantile regression model was used for test of CAPM. Results of running (linear and Quantile) two stage regression show that beta as systematic risk proxy cannot explain excess returns difference. Results show also unique risk can explain excess returns, although relation of unique risk and excess return is variant in different quartile of returns. As a conclusion, it can be stated that at least using of TSE Index as proxy of market portfolio, CAPM model does not explain stock prices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Tests pricing Capital assets with the approach of some value with the use of derivatives
Mohammad Nasr S. Ali Nabavi ChashmiThe purpose of this study was to test the capital asset pricing approach to some extent with the the use of derivatives is value. For the collect data for research using documentary techniques, the financial statements of a sample of 50 companies listed in the Tehran St MoreThe purpose of this study was to test the capital asset pricing approach to some extent with the the use of derivatives is value. For the collect data for research using documentary techniques, the financial statements of a sample of 50 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2016 were used. For the analyze the data, panel data techniques were used. The results show that, there is relationship between futures and option pricing of capital assets in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. But a significant relationship between the option and value pricing some extent with the of capital assets in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange does not exist. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Relationship of Earnings Management and Investment Opportunities with Emphasizing on Ownership Concentration
Vida Mojtahedzadeh Raziyeh SaadatThis research attempts to investigate the relationship of investment opportunities and earnings management with respect to ownership concentration. Earnings management is measured by using absolute abnormal accruals proxy through Ball and Shivakumar model (2006-2008). I MoreThis research attempts to investigate the relationship of investment opportunities and earnings management with respect to ownership concentration. Earnings management is measured by using absolute abnormal accruals proxy through Ball and Shivakumar model (2006-2008). Investment opportunities calculated as an independent variable through geometric growth, market-to-book asset ratio and factor analysis of these two indicators. Control rights and deviation between cash flow rights and control rights was considered as a measure for ownership concentration. Results indicate there is not any significant relationship exists between assets geometric growth and earnings management. Although, there is a significant relationship exists between high market-to-book ratio and factor analysis of these two indicators and earnings management. Furthermore, ownership concentration has not a significant effect on earnings management and investment opportunities and controlling shareholders do not use their monitoring role and their power to protect shareholders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Investigating the relationship between intangible assets and financial performance of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Mohammad Namazi Seyed Rouhollah MousavinejadThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between intangible assets and the financial performance of the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, the present study is a practical and quasi-experimental research. Totally 134 companies for MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between intangible assets and the financial performance of the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, the present study is a practical and quasi-experimental research. Totally 134 companies for the 12-year period (1380 to 1391) were classified and examined in four categories using available databases. Intangible assets also was divided into two categories; registered and unregistered intangible assets. We used a few proxies for calculation of intangible assets. The results of the partial correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression test with regard to the control variables showed that there is a significant relationship between intangible assets and financial performance of the companies. In some cases, there is a positive and in others a negative sign relationship. The intensity of this relationship for unregistered intangible assets is stronger that registered intangible assets. The most significant positive correlation is between ROA and Tobin-Q, and then between markets over book value and net income respectively. Also, the net income measure was strongly associated with intangible assets among the other measures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Identification and Rating of Financing Criteria through Assets Securitization in Bank Keshavarzi
Davoud Ghorashi Fraydoon Rahnamay RoodposhtiAn impressive growth has recently been witnessed in the Islamic Financial System. Nowadays, not only is Islamic Finance emphasized by the Islamic countries but the approach has also been adopted in other countries. The present research was conducted to identify and rate MoreAn impressive growth has recently been witnessed in the Islamic Financial System. Nowadays, not only is Islamic Finance emphasized by the Islamic countries but the approach has also been adopted in other countries. The present research was conducted to identify and rate financing criteria through assets securitization in Bank Keshavarzi. The research, from the objective point of view, is a functional one and, from subject and research questions points of view, is a descriptive-survey type. The data collection tools, including questionnaires, are based on paired comparisons, through which the data were rated according to an hourly scale. The sample population, selected using snowball sampling method, consists of financial experts who identified 26 indices with Delphi technique. The rating was conducted using Analytical Hierarchy Technique. The results demonstrate that, based on experts' feedback, in the study of paired comparison matrix of assets securitization elements, selection of Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) by the bank; regarding the assets to be securitized, government claims; in securitization process, the rate determination; in review of securities offering impacts on the financial structure of the originator, assets productivity; and to review securitization consequences for promotion of financial and banking health indices, the liquidity risks are prioritized. Moreover, with regards to inconsistency rate, there is complete consistency among the paired comparisons of the models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Application of Laguerre Polynomials for Solving Infinite Boundary Integro-Differential Equations
A. Riahifar M. Matinfar -
Open Access Article
60 - Resolution of Fuzzy Complex Systems of Linear Equations Via Wu's Method
H. Farahani M. Paripour -
Open Access Article
61 - تعیین اوزان قطعی نرمال شده از ماتریسهای مقایسات فازی با استفاده از مدل برنامه-ریزی آرمانی لگاریتمی دو مرحلهای بهبودیافته
امیر محمدقاسمی عبدالله هادی ونچهفرآیند تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP) یکی از مشهورترین تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چند معیاره است که با استفاده از آن اوزان معیارها و مقادیر ارزیابی گزینه­ها بر پایه مقایسات زوجی فازی ایجاد می­گردند. رویکردهای زیادی جهت تعیین اوزان از ماتریس­های مقایسات Moreفرآیند تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP) یکی از مشهورترین تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چند معیاره است که با استفاده از آن اوزان معیارها و مقادیر ارزیابی گزینه­ها بر پایه مقایسات زوجی فازی ایجاد می­گردند. رویکردهای زیادی جهت تعیین اوزان از ماتریس­های مقایسات زوجی وجود دارند. برخی از این روش­ها اوزان بازه­ای را در آلفا برش­ها محاسبه کرده­اند. با این وجود، در برخی تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره (نظیر روش ترجیح بر اساس مشابهت به راه حل ایده­آل (TOPSIS)، راه حل توافقی و بهینه سازی چند معیاره (VIKOR) و FAHP) لازم است تا اوزان قطعی نرمال شده محاسبه شود. در مقاله حاضر، نویسندگان شاخصی را توسعه دادند که با استفاده از آن اوزان بازه­ای بدست آمده در آلفا برش­ها به وزن قطعی تلفیق می­شود. در انتها، چندین مثال توضیحی در ادبیات جهت نشان دادن اعتبار شاخص پیشنهادی در نظر گرفته شده و پس از آن، نتایج بدست آمده با اوزان استخراج شده توسط برنامه­ریزی ترجیحی فازی (FPP) مقایسه می­شوند. نتایج بدست آمده نشان می­دهند که تکنیک پیشنهادی جهت بدست آوری اوزان قطعی روشی مناسب است و اولویت­های رتبه بندی مشابهی را با سایر روش­ها دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Solving fully fuzzy linear programming
M. Otadi -
Open Access Article
63 - A Study on Intuitionistic Fuzzy and Normal Fuzzy M-Subgroup, M-Homomorphism and Isomorphism
M. Oqla Massa'deh -
Open Access Article
64 - A general approach to linguistic approximation and its application in frame of fuzzy logic deduction
Rasoul Saneifard Rahim Saneifard -
Open Access Article
65 - Partial Differential Equations applied to Medical Image Segmentation
B. Bagheri R. Ezzati -
Open Access Article
66 - A Jurisprudential Study of Changing the Usage of Waqf Assets
Mohammad Mehdi Moridi Fakhrullah Mollai Kendallos Hamed Rostami NajafabadiUndoubtedly Waqf assets like any other property involve passage of time so they have expiration dates. The benefit and expediency of waqf assets depend on the sustenance of those properties so if their life span ends up by any cause, it is natural that their benefits al MoreUndoubtedly Waqf assets like any other property involve passage of time so they have expiration dates. The benefit and expediency of waqf assets depend on the sustenance of those properties so if their life span ends up by any cause, it is natural that their benefits also expire. It seems that by changing the usage of waqf assets, those properties can be sustained. The presented study is conducted with the purpose of "finding some strategies to facilitate the sale and conversion of waqf assets and increasing permission cases of changing their usage" and aims to review the arguments for and against this subject, apply previously conducted research by contemporary jurists and lawyers, and challenge the condition of permanence of endowment. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that in some cases, the usage of waqf assets can be changed and those properties can be used for other purposes provided that it is consistent with the aim of the endower. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - A Study of the Correlation between Board of Directors' Human and Social Capital and Corporate Financial Performance
Ali Nazari Abarbekouh Midya AziziPurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the correlation between board of directors' human social capital and corporate financial performance.Method: To conduct this research, 163 corporations accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2016-2021 were chosen. MorePurpose: The purpose of the present study is to review the correlation between board of directors' human social capital and corporate financial performance.Method: To conduct this research, 163 corporations accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during 2016-2021 were chosen. Human capital is composed of 4 aspects including education, expertise, experience (in industry), and credit of board of directors while social capital consists of two internal and external segments. Financial performance was measured through 2 criterions of return on assets and Tobin's Q ratio and then the hypotheses were tested using multivariate regression and generalized least squares.Findings: There is a significantly positive relation between the number of experts in board of directors and return on assets whereas the number of experts in board of directors, the number of experienced members (in industry), and external/internal social capital have a significantly positive relation with Tobin's Q ratio.Conclusion: Hiring board of directors with higher human and social capital can improve the corporate value that is useful for the maximization of stockholders' wealth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Exploring Language Mindsets, Goal orientations, and Responses to Failure: Proficiency Level in Focus
Forough Sadeghi Firooz Sadighi Mohammadsadegh Bagheri -
Open Access Article
69 - An Online group feature selection algorithm using mutual information
maryam rahmaninia sondos bahadoriIntroduction: In the area of big data, the dimension of data in many fields are increasing dramatically. To deal with the high dimensions of training data, online feature selection algorithms are considered as very important issue in data mining. Recently, online featur MoreIntroduction: In the area of big data, the dimension of data in many fields are increasing dramatically. To deal with the high dimensions of training data, online feature selection algorithms are considered as very important issue in data mining. Recently, online feature selection methods have attracted a lot of attention from researchers. These algorithms deal with the process of selecting important and efficient features and removing redundant features without any pre-knowledge of the set of features. Despite all the progress in this field, there are still many challenges related to these algorithms. Among these challenges, we can mention scalability, minimum size of selected features, sufficient accuracy and execution time. On the other hand, in many real-world applications, features are entered into the dataset in groups and sequentially. Although many online feature selection algorithms have been presented so far, but none of them have been able to find trade of between these criteria. Method: In this paper, we propose a group online feature selection method with feature stream using two new measures of redundancy and relevancy using mutual information theory. Mutual information can compute linear and non-linear dependency between the variables. With the proposed method, we try to create a better tradeoff between all the challenges. Results: In order to show the effectiveness of the proposed online group feature selection method, a number of experiments have been conducted on six large multi-label training data sets named ALLAML, colon, SMK-CAN-187, credit-g, sonar and breast-cancer in different applications and 3 online group feature selection algorithms named FNE_OGSFS، Group-SAOLA and OGSFS which are presented recently. Also, 3 evaluation criteria including average accuracy using KNN (k - nearest neighborhood (, SVM (Support Vector Machine) and NB (Naïve Bayesian) classifiers, number of selected features and executing time were used as criteria for comparing the proposed method. According to the obtained results, the proposed algorithm has obtained better results in almost of cases compared to other algorithms which it shows the efficiency of the proposed method. Discussion: In this paper, we will show that proposed online group feature selection method will achieve better performance by considering label group dependency between the new arrival features. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - New Generalized Interval Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Numbers
Ezzatallah Baloui Jamkhaneh A. Saeidifar -
Open Access Article
71 - w_0-Nearest Points and w_0-Farthest Point in Normed Linear Spaces
Hamid Mazaheri-Tehrani -
Open Access Article
72 - Hedging of Options in Jump-Diffusion Markets with Correlated Assets
Minoo Bakhshmohammadlou -
Open Access Article
73 - Evaluation of the association between company performance and Iran’s stock market liquidity
Zahra Amirhosseini Sadegh Hadipour -
Open Access Article
74 - The Relationship between Risk and Return on Financial Assets (The Panel Vector Auto-Regression and Panel Cointegration Ap-proaches)
Sorena Morovat Afshin Baghfalaki -
Open Access Article
75 - Experimental Comparison of Financial Distress Prediction Models Using Imbalanced data sets
Seyed Behrooz Razavi Ghomi Alireza Mehrazin Mohammad Reza Shoorvarzi Abolghasem Masih Abadi -
Open Access Article
76 - Designing the Optimal Model of Banking Assets and Liabilities Management based on System Dynamics Approach
fatemeh Taheri Mohammad Setayesh mohammad hasan janani mahmoud hematfar -
Open Access Article
77 - Developing Financial Distress Prediction Models Based on Imbalanced Dataset: Random Undersampling and Clustering Based Undersampling Approaches
Seyed behrooz Razavi ghomi Alireza Mehrazin Mohammad reza shoorvarzi Abolghasem Masih AbadiSo far, distress prediction models have been based on balanced, such sampling is not consistent with the reality of the statistical community of companies. If the data are balanced, the bias in sample selection may lead to an underestimation of typeI error and an overes MoreSo far, distress prediction models have been based on balanced, such sampling is not consistent with the reality of the statistical community of companies. If the data are balanced, the bias in sample selection may lead to an underestimation of typeI error and an overestimation of the typeII error of models. Although imbalanced data-based models are compatible with reality, they have a higher typeI error compared to balanced data-based models. The cost of typeI error is more important to Beneficiaries than the cost of typeII error. In this study, for reducing typeI error of imbalanced data-based models, random and clustering-based undersampling were used. Tested data included 760 companies since 2007-2007 with 4 different degrees and the results of the H1 to H3 test represented them. In all cases of the typeI error, typeII error of balanced data-based models were lower and more, respectively, compared to imbalanced data-based models; also, in most cases, the geometric mean of balanced data-based models was higher compared to imbalanced data-based models, respectively. The results of testing H4 to H6 show that in most cases, typeI error, typeII error and the geometric mean criterion of models based on modified imbalanced data were less, more, and more, respectiively compared to the models based on imbalanced data, in other words, applying Undersampling methods on imbalanced training data led to a decrease in typeI error and an increase in typeII error and geometric mean criteria. As a result using models based on modified imbalanced data is suggested to Beneficiaries Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - According to Agency Theory and Neoclassical Theory; New Ownership and Diversity of Public Sector Companies in Corporate Life Cycle
Abdollah Tavasoli Parviz Saeidi Bahram Biglari -
Open Access Article
79 - Effect of Profitability Indices on the Capital Structure of Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Hossien Karbasi Yazdi Majid Mohammadian -
Open Access Article
80 - The Effect of Internal and External Factors on Outstanding Claims of Banks (Case Study of Listed Banks on the Tehran Stock Exchange)
Seyed Ali Nabavi Chashmi Reza Mansourian Asghar Azizi -
Open Access Article
81 - The Effect of the Sale of the Company to Disclose Bad News for Companies at Different Levels of Activity Ratios
Mitra Mohammad Talebi Majid Davoodi Nasr Bahark Mohammadtalebi -
Open Access Article
82 - The effect of polymer molar mass on the aqueous two-phase system containing Poly ethylene glycol dimethyl ether and ammonium sulphate and its application of this system in partitioning of iodine
Mohammed Taghi Zafarani–Moattar Hemayat Shekaari Tohid Hashemzadeh -
Open Access Article
83 - Liquid–liquid equilibria of aqueous two phase system containing of PEGDME and (NH4)2 SO4 at different temperatures and its application in partitioning of lactic acid
Mohammed Taghi Zafarani Moattar Hemayat Shekaari Tohid Hashemzadeh -
Open Access Article
84 - Assessing the Performance of the Organization Using the Combined Approach of Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis and Balanced Scorecard (Case study: Tejarat Bank Branches of Yazd Province)
Seyed Habibollah Mirghafoori Ali Morovati Vahid Namavaran Fatemeh ZamaniIn today’s competitive environment in manufacturing and services process, the organizations are confronted with the need to have indicators and patterns for assessing the performance. The balanced scorecard is a successful instrument in implementing the strategic MoreIn today’s competitive environment in manufacturing and services process, the organizations are confronted with the need to have indicators and patterns for assessing the performance. The balanced scorecard is a successful instrument in implementing the strategic plans of the organization. The present paper aims to evaluate the performance and rank the branches of Tejarat bank in Yazd province based on their efficiency. The balanced scorecard is an appropriate device for designing and measuring the performance in terms of four perspectives including financial, customer, internal process and growth and innovation. This study also intends to use a combining model of BSC and fuzzy data envelopment analysis to evaluate the performance of the branches. This is a descriptive study using field study along with the library, observation and sometimes interview to gather the required information. The findings reveal that among the twenty-six examined branches, 11 branches are efficient. Additionally, the cross efficiency ranking has been used to rank the branches. Finally, the sensitivity analyses demonstrate that ATM has the highest impact on the efficiency of the units followed by the position and the number of employees. On the other hand, the total bank deposits have the least impact on the efficiency of the banks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Comparative Analysis of the Relationship between the Net Assets Value and the Share Price of Investing Companies Accepted in Tehran Stock Market
Parviz Dindar FarkoushiThis study aims at informing about investing companies where the share price is considered as the most important and influential factor in investment decision making and the price expectation would play an important role in this kind of investment. So, this research aim MoreThis study aims at informing about investing companies where the share price is considered as the most important and influential factor in investment decision making and the price expectation would play an important role in this kind of investment. So, this research aims at determining the relationship between the net assets value of these companies and the value of their shares in the stock market. This paper is a library study in a review of the literature and theoretical principles of hypothesis including the study of books, articles, and journals. And, the field study is used to study the documents and the papers. Also, the statistical society for assessing the concept was studied. Accordingly, results show that there is a strong positive relationship between the average of net assets value and share prices in the financial statements of investing companies during three years period in the studied companies. However, this relationship could not be determined and noticed in the financial crises. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Identification and ranking of intellectual capital components in state-owned banks of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Behzad Zareian moradabadi Alireza Eslamboulchi kambiz hamidi tohfe ghobadilamoukiThe aim of this study was to identify and rank the components of intellectual capital in state-owned banks of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to take steps to better manage these investments. This research is in terms of combined method and in terms of exploratory MoreThe aim of this study was to identify and rank the components of intellectual capital in state-owned banks of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to take steps to better manage these investments. This research is in terms of combined method and in terms of exploratory-applied purpose. The statistical population of the study was the senior managers of state-owned banks in the country, and 17 of them were selected as sample members using the snowball sampling method. The results of the research consist of 2 parts: in the first part, a set of intellectual capital was identified and in the second part, the importance and priority of each capital was determined. Due to structured interviews with experts, the use of experts' opinions in conducting interviews and the fact that the difference between the fuzzy mean of the two stages is less than 0.1, the present study has good reliability, so in the present study, experts, experts and Were experts in the field of research, as a result of the research, the content is valid. The results show that the components of human capital, organizational intelligence, competitive intelligence, value creation, customer orientation, relationship capital, structural capital, innovation capital, leadership and knowledge management are the most important intellectual assets of state-owned banks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Analysis of Cognitive domination of love in the Leily and Majnoon the military insane based on the sociological perspective of Lukach, Bourdieu and Adorno
Zahra NourmohammadiNajafabadi Shahrzad Niazi Mahboobeh Khorasani The premise of lover and lover dominance over each other is the result of a sociological approach of theorists such as George Lukach, Pierre Bourdieu and Theodore Adorno in the category of love. In this paper, through reading the relevant sociological elements wit More The premise of lover and lover dominance over each other is the result of a sociological approach of theorists such as George Lukach, Pierre Bourdieu and Theodore Adorno in the category of love. In this paper, through reading the relevant sociological elements with love, we can address the status of domination, its causes and consequences in the love of Leily u Majnun Neziganjoy. The research method is descriptive-analytical, the research revealed that love was carried out by the conflict of dokodak otherness until adolescence and youth, in a geographical way that the objects, minds, habits and social base dominated the behavioral hierarchy of lovers, not their will. Unity of pluralism and domination has permeated the thinking of lovers and social solidarity with Leily and Majnun has not been able to cope with the system of tarigi. The sociology of their behavior showed that the male dominance, as an addition and variable, has occasionally dominated Leily, but the force of mistress has often disturbed the balance of domination in Lily's favor, and ultimately the objects and minds of society have entered another active and class variable, ibn Salam, into the story so that failed love, which is desired by the minds of the Stonak society and more influential in the space of the story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Analysis of indicators of evaluation of importance and life of infrastructure: grounded theory approach
Gholam reza hossein ali beykiAbstractInfrastructure is defined as one of the basic foundations in today's societies, so that the life of human societies and environmental satisfaction depends to some extent on the safe and reliable operation of infrastructure. At the same time, securing and protect MoreAbstractInfrastructure is defined as one of the basic foundations in today's societies, so that the life of human societies and environmental satisfaction depends to some extent on the safe and reliable operation of infrastructure. At the same time, securing and protecting all assets and infrastructure in the right conditions and the subject of influential factors for governments or sector employers in terms of resources and facilities, is challenging. . Therefore, important infrastructures and assets should be identified, classified and classified based on indicators and functions. The main purpose of this research is to identify and enumerate the indicators of the vitality of infrastructure and assets. This research has done a content analysis in order to determine the criticality of infrastructure by a comprehensive study and qualitative research method of foundation data derived from Strauss and Corbin (1998) theory. Data were collected through interviews, library studies and documentation by surveying existing texts and sources. The sample size for interviews with experts in the use of theoretical saturation was finalized and the strategic theory of the foundation including open, personality and selective coding and the model for determining this theory for model development are presented. The findings turned into the identification of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences, and the paradigm model of index coding as indicators of the criticality of infrastructure. The results of studies and studies have led to the identification of 26 indicators in the form of 5 main groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Adaptive Inverse Control of Flexible Link Robot Using ANFIS Based on Type-2 Fuzzy
Saeed Barghandan Mohammad Esmael Akbari Hamid Ghadiri -
Open Access Article
90 - The Role of Internal and External developmental assets in Predicting the Academic Performance of Work and Technology course and Social Studies course for Ninth Grade Students
Arezu Ghafoori Mahdi Shariat Bagheri Ebrahim SafiKhanie Mahdi RezaiePositive development during adolescence has lifelong consequences; developmental assets frameworks contribute to the well-being of newcomers, including avoiding high-risk behaviors and engaging in positive or thriving behaviors. One of the main concerns of educational MorePositive development during adolescence has lifelong consequences; developmental assets frameworks contribute to the well-being of newcomers, including avoiding high-risk behaviors and engaging in positive or thriving behaviors. One of the main concerns of educational systems is trying to find ways to improve students' academic performance. The statistical population of the research was all ninth grade students of Qazvin province. Various psychological factors can affect academic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of internal and external developmental assets in predicting the academic performance of ninth grade students in work and technology and social studies. With the cluster sampling strategy, the questionnaires were provided to the students in a Shad environment. Regression analysis was used to determine the contribution of independent variables in predicting the dependent variable. The results of the present study indicate that the correlation (relationship) between the variable of developmental assets and its subscales and students 'performance in work and technology and social studies is significant, which with increasing students' developmental assets score, their academic performance also improves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - MMDT: Multi-Objective Memetic Rule Learning from Decision Tree
Bahareh Shaabani Hedieh Sajedi -
Open Access Article
92 - An Assessment Method for Project Cash Flow under Interval-Valued Fuzzy Environment
Vahid Mohagheghi SEYED meysam mousavi Behnam Vahdani -
Open Access Article
93 - Hierarchical Group Compromise Ranking Methodology Based on Euclidean–Hausdorff Distance Measure Under Uncertainty: An Application to Facility Location Selection Problem
Seyed Meysam Mousavi Hossein Gitinavard Behnam Vahdani Nazanin Foroozesh -
Open Access Article
94 - A New Version of Earned Value Analysis for Mega Projects Under Interval-valued Fuzzy Environment
N Moradi Seyed Meysam Mousavi Behnam Vahdani -
Open Access Article
95 - A note on "An interval type-2 fuzzy extension of the TOPSIS method using alpha cuts"
Amir Mohamadghasemi -
Open Access Article
96 - A New Analysis of Critical Paths in Mega Projects with Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Activities by Considering Time, Cost, Risk, Quality, and Safety Factors
Yahya Dorfeshan Seyed Meysam Mousavi Behnam Vahdani -
Open Access Article
97 - Enhanced Prudential Standards Under Basel Iii: What Consequences For The Profitability Of Banks
Selma Haj Khlifa Amal Zaki -
Open Access Article
98 - A New Algorithm for the Discrete Shortest Path Problem in a Network Based on Ideal Fuzzy Sets
Sadollah Ebrahimnejad Seyed Meysam Mousavi Behnam Vahdani -
Open Access Article
99 - A Fuzzy Decision-Making Methodology for Risk Response Planning in Large-Scale Projects
Seyed Meysam Mousavi Sadigh Raissi Behnam Vahdani Seyed Mohammad Hossein -
Open Access Article
100 - Organizational Behavior with Organizational Justice Approach Based on Fuzzy Expert System (Case study: Small Foods Industrials of East Azerbaijan)
Nasser Fegh-hi FarahmandThe aim of this study is measuring of organizational justice based on fuzzy expert system. Accordingly, a model is designed based on fuzzy sets theory. The introduced model has five stages. In the first stage, input and output variables of model are characterized by ava MoreThe aim of this study is measuring of organizational justice based on fuzzy expert system. Accordingly, a model is designed based on fuzzy sets theory. The introduced model has five stages. In the first stage, input and output variables of model are characterized by available theories. Inputs are as follows: distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice. The output is the score of organizational justice. In the second stage, the input and output are converted into fuzzy numbers after classification. Inference rules are explained in the third stage. In the fourth stage, defuzzification is performed, and in the fifth stage, the devised system is tested. The test result shows that the presented model is of high validity. Ultimately, by using the designed model, the score of organizational justice for Small Food Industrials of East Azerbaijan was calculated. The statistical population consists of all staffs and middle managers in these organizations. Using Cochran formula, the sample size is260 employees and 106 middle managers. A questionnaire was devised, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The result indicates that, the score of organizational justice in Small Food Industrials with the membership rank of 0.816 is at an average level and with the membership rank of 0.184 is low. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Execution of Options in Sukuk Al-Ijara Bonds
Alireza Hamisi Majid Ghorbanali Dolabi Majid Vaziri Mahmoud VeysiFinancing is one of the most important issues in the resistive economy. There are a variety of financing options available in Iran, including the capital market, but given the risk aversion of investors to enter this market, Islamic financial instruments such as securit MoreFinancing is one of the most important issues in the resistive economy. There are a variety of financing options available in Iran, including the capital market, but given the risk aversion of investors to enter this market, Islamic financial instruments such as securities emerged and were highly sought after. Islamic financial instruments known as Sukuk bonds have been widely accepted. Sukuk Al Ijara are the most applicable Sukuk in our country. One of the unprecedented topics in this field is the study of executable options as a means of terminating the securities. In this study, at first the basic legal and jurisprudential foundations of options such as rule of prohibition of detriment, interpretative law, the rule of will power, intention and consent of contract's parties, expediency, protective theory were described. Then, Enforceable options in Sukuk Al Ijara bonds as predictive and offsetting measures of contracts by mentioning examples of each option was examined. The results of this study indicates that it is possible to execute following options such as defect, deceit, lesion, conditions, unfulfilled conditions, inspection, sales unfulfilled in part, impossibility of delivery and insolvency in relations of the contract's parties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Evaluating the Performance of Management in Engineer Traininig Centers of Iran Based on Fuzzy Approach: A case study
Hassan Khademi Zare Mahnaz zareiOne of the key factors that lead organizations and high education centers to deficieney is that their processes and obtained results are not evaluted well. In the case that high education centers realize their positions well and become aware of their weaknesses, they wi MoreOne of the key factors that lead organizations and high education centers to deficieney is that their processes and obtained results are not evaluted well. In the case that high education centers realize their positions well and become aware of their weaknesses, they will no doubt attempt to eliminate those deficiencies. The purpose of this research, whose implementation scope is one of the technical-engineering complexes, is to present a method for the evalution of the performance of management in engineer training centers based on the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model. Since the existing decision – making environment of high education centers, like many other organizations, is generally fuzzy and vague, for a further adjustment of the mentioned method with the existing situations of high education centers the proposed model is designed in fuzzy environments so that we would be able to evaluate the management performance of high engineering education centers in a more accurate way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Investigating the application of knowledge management process in a service organization (case study)
Houshang Taghizadeh Gholamreza Soltani Fesghandis Rouhollah MahdilouyThe purpose of this paper is to assess the use of knowledge management process and its five main stages-gaining knowledge, recordeding knowledge, knowledge transfer, knowledge creation, and the application of knowledge in the organization- using fuzzy set theory. The st MoreThe purpose of this paper is to assess the use of knowledge management process and its five main stages-gaining knowledge, recordeding knowledge, knowledge transfer, knowledge creation, and the application of knowledge in the organization- using fuzzy set theory. The statistical population consists of 75 members of service organization personnel. Due to the limited number of the statistical population, no sampling has been done and all the population has been studied. In order to collect data, a questionnaire has been used, the validity and reliability of which have been tested and approved. The results of the study indicate that in the organization under study the rate of applying the five main stages (process dimensions) of knowledge management is at an average level. Also, there is a considerable difference between the present situation and the desired situation of the five main stages of knowledge management in the organization under study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - The Effect of Invisible Social, Human and Organizational Assets on Knowledge Productivity: The Case Study of Pharmaceutical Companies in Iran
Reza Sepeh vand Mohsen Aref NezhadThe increase in complexification of business competition, especially in pharmaceutical knowledge-based industries and organizations, has highlighted the role of invisible capital. In fact, the growth in the intensity of competition is accompanied by a parallel increase MoreThe increase in complexification of business competition, especially in pharmaceutical knowledge-based industries and organizations, has highlighted the role of invisible capital. In fact, the growth in the intensity of competition is accompanied by a parallel increase in the significance of invisible assets and a drastic reduction in the importance of physical capital. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of social, human and organizational assets on knowledge productivity in Iranian drug companies. The research population consisted of the nation-wide pharmaceutical industry and the research sample comprised sub-holding Drug Supply Companies (TPICO). The research data were collected using Human Capital Questionnaire (Sabramanyam & Yandt, 2005), Organizational Capital Questionnaire (Davenport & Prusak, 1998), Social Capital Questionnaire (Burt, 1992) and Knowledge Productivity Questionnaire (Gupta & Govindarajan, 2000). The findings verified the significant and positive impact of the three dimensions of invisible assets on the knowledge productivity in the pharmaceutical companies in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The joint SERVQUAL and hierarchical TOPSIS based on type2 fuzzy sets for assessment of quality services (Case study: the public transportation of service quality of sharekurd)
Ali dehghani Filabadi Amir saman Kheirkhah Hamid-reza AhadiThe SERVQUAL method is one of the most applied methods for assessment of service quality which have a hierarchical structure including a few main dimensions and a few items, which analyzes the distance between expectations and perceptions of received services for each o MoreThe SERVQUAL method is one of the most applied methods for assessment of service quality which have a hierarchical structure including a few main dimensions and a few items, which analyzes the distance between expectations and perceptions of received services for each of the items. On the other hand, the qualities of services are mental and concrete concepts which their indexes are determined in linguistic vocabulary with ambiguity. Therefore, in this paper a joint SERVQUAL and hierarchical TOPSIS method was assessed, and to deal with ambiguity of the data, the concepts of type-2 fuzzy sets were used. The proposed method for assessment the quality of services, the outline of urban transportation in Sharekurd including, bus, tour taxi and public taxi were used. The results showed that, altogether tour taxi has the highest level of service quality, and public taxi and bus were next respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Use of Soft sets and the Bloom's Taxonomy for Assessing Learning Skills
Michael VoskoglouLearning, a universal process that all individuals experience, is a fundamental component of human cognition. It combines cognitive, emotional and environmental influences for acquiring or enhancing ones knowledge and skills. Volumes of research have been written about MoreLearning, a universal process that all individuals experience, is a fundamental component of human cognition. It combines cognitive, emotional and environmental influences for acquiring or enhancing ones knowledge and skills. Volumes of research have been written about learning and many theories have been developed for the description of its mechanisms. The goal was to understand objectively how people learn and then develop teaching approaches accordingly. In this paper soft sets, a generalization of fuzzy sets introduced in 1999 by D. Molodstov as a new mathematical tool for dealing with the uncertainty in a parametric manner, are used for assessing student learning skills with the help of the Blooms taxonomy. Blooms taxonomy has been applied and is still applied by generations of teachers as a teaching tool to help balance assessment by ensuring that all orders of thinking are exercised in student learning. The innovative assessment method introduced in this paper is very useful when the assessment has qualitative rather than quantitative characteristics. A classroom application is also presented illustrating its applicability under real conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Role of Fuzzy Sets on Artificial Intelligence Methods: A literature Review
Cengiz Kahraman Sezi Onar Basar Oztaysi Selcuk CebiMachines can model and improve the human minds capabilities through artificial intelligence. One of the most popular tools of artificial intelligence is fuzzy sets, which can capture and model the vagueness and impreciseness in human thoughts. This paper, first of all, MoreMachines can model and improve the human minds capabilities through artificial intelligence. One of the most popular tools of artificial intelligence is fuzzy sets, which can capture and model the vagueness and impreciseness in human thoughts. This paper, first of all, introduces the recent extensions of ordinary fuzzy sets and then presents a literature review on the integration of fuzzy sets with other artificial intelligence techniques such as automated reasoning, autonomous agents, multi-agent systems, machine learning, case-based reasoning, deep learning, information reasoning, information representation, natural language processing, symbolic reasoning, and neural networks. Graphical illustrations of literature review results are presented for each of these integrated artificial intelligence techniques. The results of a patent search on fuzzy artificial intelligence are also given. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - L2 Writing Feedback Preferences and Their Relationships with Entity vs. Incremental Mindsets of EFL Learners
Shima Vagheei Fariba Rahimi Esfahani Sajad Shafiee -
Open Access Article
109 - Impact of Economic Freedom on the Development of Banking Sector in Iran
A. Shahabadi R. Davari KishAbstract The most important aspect of financial development is the banking sector that has significant impact on the process of equipping the savings, identifying investment opportunities and diversifying the risk. Economic freedom is a determinant factor in developing MoreAbstract The most important aspect of financial development is the banking sector that has significant impact on the process of equipping the savings, identifying investment opportunities and diversifying the risk. Economic freedom is a determinant factor in developing the banking sector. The increase of economic freedom provides the setting of financial resources equipment, strengthens the sense of bank deposit in general population to guide them for limited capital in productive activities. Hence, in this study, the impact of economic freedom index on the development of the banking sector in Iran during 1980-2011 will be discussed. The results represent that economic freedom and its components have a significant and positive relationship to the development of banking sector. Also, based on the results, the estimation of the impact of central bank foreign assets on monetary base and Real interest rate on the development of banking sector is positive and significant. Also, the effect of public sector debt to central bank on monetary base is negative but significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Separation and Computation of Relative Risk Aversion and Elasticity of Inter Temporal Substitution: Recursive Preferences and Dynamic Programming Approach
reza roshanAbstract The aim of this paper is separation and calculation of the relative risk aversion and elasticity of inter temporal substitution (EIS) by combining the recursive preferences and budget constraint of the consumer. For this mean,at the first, asset portfolio was MoreAbstract The aim of this paper is separation and calculation of the relative risk aversion and elasticity of inter temporal substitution (EIS) by combining the recursive preferences and budget constraint of the consumer. For this mean,at the first, asset portfolio was constituted for Iranian households and by using of the GMM approach and utility function, Euler equations investigated for during the 1357-1393. The results of different models indicate that there is no reciprocal relation between of two parameters and Iranian households tend to stabilize and smooth consumption at different states and times. Based on the results, development of financial markets will be on the agenda of planners, so that small-scale households’ capital can be led through such markets to rebuild the country's infrastructure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Integrating Developed Evolutionary Algorithm and Taguchi Method for Solving Fuzzy Facility’s Layout Problem
Hossein Jafari Abbas Sheykhan -
Open Access Article
112 - Coping Uncertainty in the Supplier Selection Problem Using a Scenario-Based Approach and Distance Measure on Type-2 Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets
Ali Sorourkhah -
Open Access Article
113 - Fuzzy Regression Models Using the Least-Squares Method based on the Concept of Distance: Simplified Approach
Abdullah Al-Qudaimi Walid Yousef -
Open Access Article
114 - Choosing the Best Company for Investment According To the Financial Factors in the Neutrosophic Environment (Case Study: Automotive Industry)
Mohsen Imeni Bardia Pouresmaeil Motlagh Faezeh Pirouz Azadeh Shemshad -
Open Access Article
115 - A Fuzzy VOSviewer Modelling of EMI Research: A Multifaceted Perspective
Han-Kwang Chen -
Open Access Article
116 - An Efficient Approach based on Wu’s Method for Solving Fully Fuzzy Polynomial Equations System
Hamed Farahani Mohammad Javad Ebadi Seyed Ahmad EdalatpanahThis article introduces a productive algebraic approach to identifying positive solutions for a system of fully fuzzy polynomial equations (FFPEs). To achieve this, the FFPEs system is transformed into a comparable system of crisp polynomial equations. The Wu's alg MoreThis article introduces a productive algebraic approach to identifying positive solutions for a system of fully fuzzy polynomial equations (FFPEs). To achieve this, the FFPEs system is transformed into a comparable system of crisp polynomial equations. The Wu's algorithm is then employed to solve the set of crisp polynomial equations as the solution method. This algorithm results in the solution of characteristic sets that are readily solvable. A key benefit of the proposed method is that all the solutions are obtained simultaneously. The article concludes by presenting some practical examples to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - مقدار انرژی پیوسته مولکول 3-آمینو-4-نیترامین فورازان با تکنیکهای بهینهسـازی مدرن
Ahmet Sahiner Fatih Ucun Sumeyya Komanتغییـر مقـدار انـرژی سـازگار مولکـول (C2N4O3H2) با دو زاویه پیچشـی ابتدا بـا اسـتفاده از نظریـه تابع چگالـی (DFT) با تابع همبسـتگی -Lee-young par و31-6 مجموعـه پایـه بـر مجموعـهای در برنامه گاوسـی محاسـبه شـد. و پـس از آن، ایـن دادههـا گسسـته به دسـت آمـده با اسـتفاده ا Moreتغییـر مقـدار انـرژی سـازگار مولکـول (C2N4O3H2) با دو زاویه پیچشـی ابتدا بـا اسـتفاده از نظریـه تابع چگالـی (DFT) با تابع همبسـتگی -Lee-young par و31-6 مجموعـه پایـه بـر مجموعـهای در برنامه گاوسـی محاسـبه شـد. و پـس از آن، ایـن دادههـا گسسـته به دسـت آمـده با اسـتفاده از منطق مدلسـازی فـازی (FLM) و شـبکه عصبـی مصنوعـی (ANN) پیوسـته سـاخته شـد. این امـر بـه مـا اجـازه پیش بینـی در مورد دادههای تسـت نشـده و، به دسـت آوردن مقـدار انرژی بهینهسـازی شـده وابسـته بـه دو زاویـه چرخش با هزینه محاسـباتی منطقـی، کارایـی زیـاد و دقـت بـالا را میدهـد . نتایـج بـه دسـت آمـده بـا نتایج DFT بـا اسـتفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل رگرسـیون مقایسـه شـدند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Double Clustering Method in Hiding Association Rules
Zahra Kiani Abari Mohammad Naderi Dehkordi -
Open Access Article
119 - Effect of the Olive Value Chain on the Assets of Olive Orchard Owners in Rudbar County: the Application of Sustainable Livelihood Approach
Shahaboldin Shokri Yazdan Habibi Seyyed Mehdi MirdamadiThis descriptive-analytical research aimed to investigate the effects of the olive value chain on the assets of olive orchard owners in Rudbar County with the sustainable livelihood approach by the library and field method using a questionnaire. The content and face val MoreThis descriptive-analytical research aimed to investigate the effects of the olive value chain on the assets of olive orchard owners in Rudbar County with the sustainable livelihood approach by the library and field method using a questionnaire. The content and face validity of the questionnaire were confirmed by a panel of experts after revision, and its general reliability was estimated at 0.97 by Cronbach’s alpha. The study site was Rudbar County. The statistical population was composed of 5053 olive orchard owners out of whom 604 people were sampled based on Bartlett’s table. Data were analyzed using the SPSS and LISREL software packages. According to the applied LISREL, the main findings were as follows: P-VALUE =0.000001, NNFI=0.907, CFI=0.910, RMSEA=0.036 and X^2/df =1.51, IFI =0.910 and PGFI =0.768. Results revealed that out of these five resources, social capital was the strongest one affecting respondents’ livelihoods in the study area (λ=1.02). The results revealed that the fit of the measurement model is appropriate and acceptable. Also, it can be said that capital assets influence livelihood outcomes significantly and positively, so the livelihood level will increase with increasing capital assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Type-2 fuzzy set extension of DEMATEL method combined with perceptual computing for decision making
Mitra Bokaei Hosseini Mohammad Jafar Tarokh -
Open Access Article
121 - A fuzzy approach to the evaluation of human factors in ultrasonic nondestructive examinations
J Domech Moré A.S Guimarães G Bonorino Xexéo R Tanscheit -
Open Access Article
122 - The Effects of Entry of Real Shareholders and Exchange Rate Volatility on the Return on Assets in the Pharmaceutical Materials and Products of Tehran Stock Exchange (Dynamic Panel Data Approach)
Fereshteh Shams Safa marjan damankeshideh Majid AfsharRad Manijeh HadiNejad Alireza Daghighi AslAbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volati MoreAbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volatility and entry of real shareholders on the return on assets (ROA) in the 32 pharmaceutical materials and products of Tehran stock exchange as a import oriented companies during the period of 2011-2019. For achieving this, by using of Panel GARCH method, the exchange rate volatility has been estimated and then, the impacts of this variabble with other explanatory variabbles such as entry of real shareholders, profit margin, capital and interest rate to the operational profit, have been examined on return on assets in these companies. The empirical results of model estimation by GMM estimator revealed that the exchange rate volatility has negative and entry of real shareholders has positive and significant effect on the return on assets. Moreover, the auxiliary variables like profit margin, capital and interest rate have positive, positive and negative effects on the return on assets. By results of this study, we can suggest that the financial policy makers with decreasing of exchange rate volatility through control of domestic prices and capital market stabilization policies, motivate real shareholders to enter the capital market and increase the production and profitability of pharmaceutical companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Ranking the Leather Manufacturing Units from the Perspective of the Entrepreneurship Features of the Staffs Based on the Expert Fuzzy System
Houshang Taghizadeh Nasser TaamoliThe aim of the present study is to rank the leather manufacturing units from the perspective of the entrepreneurship features of the organization's staffs. Accordingly, the present article presents a model based on the theory of the fuzzy sets to determine the entrepren MoreThe aim of the present study is to rank the leather manufacturing units from the perspective of the entrepreneurship features of the organization's staffs. Accordingly, the present article presents a model based on the theory of the fuzzy sets to determine the entrepreneurship score in the organization from the perspective of the entrepreneurship features of the staffs. This model has five stages. In the first stage, the input and output variables of the model are obtained based on the existing theories. The model inputs consist of creativity, innovation, risk-taking, responsibility and seeking success. In the second stage, inputs and outputs are converted to fuzzy numbers after partitioning. In the third stage, the inference rules, which are in the form of if-and-therefore rules, are edited based on the literature of the topic and comments of the experts. In the fourth stage, defuzzification is done, and in the fifth stage, the designed model is tested. The test results show that the presented model has a high validity. Finally, the score of organizational entrepreneurship for the leather manufacturing units is calculated using the designed model. The sample of the present research is 11 leather manufacturing units in the East Azarbaijan province which has 20 or more employees. Due to the limited number of the population, the total population has been surveyed. In order to collect data, a reliable and valid questionnaire was used. The results indicate that Aida, Shahgoli and Markazi Leather companies are ranked first through third, respectively from the perspective of entrepreneurship scores of 0.621, 0.626, and 0.604. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - New Financing Techniques for Renovation and Remodeling of Wornout textures in Metropolises
Mohsen Mousavi samaneh tarighi Abdolah DaryabourandRenovation and remodeling of worn-out textures in metropolises is a policy that has become a major priority or one of the most important metropolitan municipal programs. The issuance of municipal bonds to finance the renovation and refurbishment of wornout textiles has MoreRenovation and remodeling of worn-out textures in metropolises is a policy that has become a major priority or one of the most important metropolitan municipal programs. The issuance of municipal bonds to finance the renovation and refurbishment of wornout textiles has been declining first due to the failure of some municipalities to repay debt that led to default, and secondly due to the complex administrative structure surrounding the issuance process, state budget alignment, approval process by city council, municipality, municipal agencies, ministry of interior, central bank, council of economy, parliament, etc., so we face financial instruments that has not been fully successful in recent years. On the other hand, the lack of a suitable mechanism for designing new financial instruments that can reduce the complex administrative bureaucracies and provide reliable resources to finance these projects is a necessity that is reviewed in this article. In the present article, while presenting the general patterns of financing urban renewal textures, a brief description is provided for the depository and lending system and then a review of the process of establishing a municipal investment fund, and finally, a model of securitization as a design mechanism for financing improvement are made with regard to legal and tax restrictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Reviewing the Reasons for not Achieving the Construction Budget within Four Years in Tehran Fourth Development Plan (Case Study: Civil Road Transportation- Office of Reconstruction and Development Schools-
K. Danesh Fard H. Rajabi FarjadThis study examines the reasons for non-realization of developmental budgets of Tehran Province within the first four years of the Fourth Development Plan (87-84) via a case study on: Tehran Province Housing and Urbanizing, Mines Industries Organization, Road and Tra MoreThis study examines the reasons for non-realization of developmental budgets of Tehran Province within the first four years of the Fourth Development Plan (87-84) via a case study on: Tehran Province Housing and Urbanizing, Mines Industries Organization, Road and Transportation, Renovating Schools Office. The purpose of this research is to identify the problems on the way of non-realization of developmental budgets atTehran Province and identification of obstacles in this regard. Reviewing issues regarding the implementation of the budget funding, identifying the barriers to the realization of developmental budget, identifying obstacles at the operating cost process and attracting the officials' attention to the organizational and administrative capacities to support the implementation of the budget are the other concerns. Research methods used here is the survey method and data collection instrument is a questionnaire that its content validity is confirmed by the experts and its reliability is calculated through Cronbach alpha as 0.9657 in this study. Statistical community includes the Financial Department, Housing and Urbanizing, Mines Industries Organization, Road and Transportation, Renovating Schools Office staff at Tehran Province. The sampling technique is based on the organizational conditions and depends on credit, budget, inventory departments staff and the headquarter managers totals to 53; One-way ANOVA and Spearman Correlation Coefficient Formule were applied. The findings of this research show that there is a significant correlation among the independent variables (delay in budget allocation, bureaucracy, predetermined schedules, inner-organizational structural problems, inappropriate evaluation of developmental budget) and non-realization of developmental budget or the delay in implementation of this budget. This research shows the operating cost process variable is the most influential factor in non-realization of developmental budget and/or delays in implementing this budget in the organizations under the study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Investigion Internal Properties in the Quality of Financial Reporting of Companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Younes Nobakht Mohammad Hasan Janani MohammadReza Moazzami GoodarziThe research related to domestic companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the five internal characteristics of quality financial reporting has been investigated. Statistical community, all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange isachieved by the systematic remov MoreThe research related to domestic companies listed in Tehran stock exchange for the five internal characteristics of quality financial reporting has been investigated. Statistical community, all companies listed in Tehran stock exchange isachieved by the systematic removal of sample of 84 companies to be selected and Time periods from 1387 to 1392 is investigated. For doing this research from methods of causal - comparative advantage is solidarity. The study analyzed data from the Inter regression methods were used. Results of hypothesis testing research shows The quality financial reporting of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange whit size, the investment in non-current assets, complexity of the environment activity company Direct relationship and whit operating cycle Inverse relationship has been established In this study, there character between the quality of financial reporting and financial leverage has not established any relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - The Relationship between Representation Cost and Company Growth
mohsen hamidian Mohammad Hassan Saadatian FarivarThe purpose of this research is to investigate the cost of representation and growth of the company in the years companies were admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, company growth is shown with two variables: asset growth and sales growth. With a sample MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the cost of representation and growth of the company in the years companies were admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. In this research, company growth is shown with two variables: asset growth and sales growth. With a sample of 168 companies during the years 1389-1393, the hypotheses of the research have been analyzed with the help of generalized least squares regression methods. The results of this research indicate that the cost of representation has a significant relationship with asset growth and company sales growth. Also, this research shows that company size and dividend policy have a significant effect on asset growth and sales growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Evaluation on the Relationship between Assets Liquidity and Stock Liquidity
Manizheh Firoozi Hassan Hemmati Hassan GhodratiStock Liquidity risk can be thought as one of the factors affecting the investors expected return. Clarifying a measure according to the specifics of the company to measure the stock liquidity could help the investors to make better decisions. In this study, we examine MoreStock Liquidity risk can be thought as one of the factors affecting the investors expected return. Clarifying a measure according to the specifics of the company to measure the stock liquidity could help the investors to make better decisions. In this study, we examine the relationship between assets liquidity and stock liquidity in hole of druggist firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1387 and 1388. We use the turnover ratio. The results show that there is a significant relationship between the assets liquidity and stock liquidity. This relationship depends on market expectations regarding the deployment of the firm's liquid assets. Thus our hypothesis links stock liquidity to managerial actions that change the liquidity of the firm's assets, such as investment financing, and payout. Consistent with my prediction, I find that after controlling for firm fixed effects, increase in asset liquidity increases stock liquidity, too.The relation is stronger when the manager is less likely to convert liquid assets into illiquid assets such as for low market to book, during economic recessions, and when expected payout is high. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - A Study of the Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance of Companies Accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange (Leasing and Banks)
hassan aboalfathi Ghodrat Allah Taleb NiaReal knowledge is a source of improving business unit performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to study the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical populatio MoreReal knowledge is a source of improving business unit performance. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to study the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of this research has been taken from companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange (leasing and banks), and according to the sample selection criteria, a sample collection of "leasing companies and banks" has been formed. To test the hypotheses, the regression equation test has been used. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance. Also, there is a positive and significant relation between physical capital and structural capital, but there is no significant connection between human capital and financial performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The Impact of the Students’ Formative and Summative Assessment on Professional Development of Iranian EFL Instructors at Universities: Case of Islamic Azad University-South Tehran Branch-Faculty of Persian Literature and Foreign Languages
Naser Janani Ahmad Mohseni -
Open Access Article
131 - The lived experience of the second high school female Afghan immigrants’ students with an emphasis on internal developmental assets
Motahare Akbarimoqadam kakhki Elahe Hejazi Marziye AaliIn recent years, the migration flow of Afghans to Iran has become more intense, therefore, the number of immigrant children were born in Iran has increased. It seems this group needs opportunities and experiences that can lead to mental health and May their talents fl MoreIn recent years, the migration flow of Afghans to Iran has become more intense, therefore, the number of immigrant children were born in Iran has increased. It seems this group needs opportunities and experiences that can lead to mental health and May their talents flourish. On the other hand, the developmental assets framework seeks to provide more attention to the positive developmental resources that youth need for successful growth, and internal developmental assets identify specific social emotional strengths that are necessary for success in life. With the aim of identifying the lived experience of Afghan students with emphasis on internal developmental assets and the descriptive phenomenological method, 20 female Afghan secondary school students living in Mashhad and its outskirts were subjected to a semi-structured interview using the snowball method. Each interview was about It lasted for 30 minutes. The findings indicate 4 main themes of internal developmental assets, including positive identity, social abilities, adherence to moral values, and in search of learning. The overall findings suggest that Afghan female student immigrants possess appropriate internal assets. School attendance,, adherence to societal moral values, motivation for progress, and efforts to create a better future are evident traits among Afghan girls today. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The Relationship Between Perceived Social Support with Psychological Well-Being: The Mediator Role of Developmental Assets
Moradali Rezaei Varmazyar The purpose of this study was to investigate the Antecedents and consequences of developmental assets based on structural equation modeling. For this purpose, 511 third-year students from Hamedan high schools (256 males and 255 females) were selected by multistage More The purpose of this study was to investigate the Antecedents and consequences of developmental assets based on structural equation modeling. For this purpose, 511 third-year students from Hamedan high schools (256 males and 255 females) were selected by multistage random cluster sampling. The participants completed the Perceived Social Support Scale) Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988), The Developmental Assets Profile (Search Institute, 2005) and Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scale (1989). Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. The hypothesized model showed good fit in research population. The results showed that the mediating role of developmental assets in the relationship of perceived social support and psychological well-being is significant and positive, and the proposed model explains 57 percent of the variance of psychological well-being among students. Based on the findings of this study, it was found that the effect of perceived social support on psychological well-being is more indirect than direct, and is through developmental assets. Consequently, with the increase of perceived social support, it is possible to improve the amount of developmental assets and psychological well-being of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Internal and External Developmental Assets and Academic Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Academic Buoyancy
Mah Azadian Bojnordi Saeed Bakhtiarpour Behnam Makvandi Parvin EhteshamzadehThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between developmental assets and academic well-being with mediating role of academic buoyancy. The statistical population included Ahwaz high school students who were university volunteers in 2019. 353 s MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between developmental assets and academic well-being with mediating role of academic buoyancy. The statistical population included Ahwaz high school students who were university volunteers in 2019. 353 students were selected using multistage cluster random sampling method and answered to Developmental Assets Profile (Minnesota Search Institute, 2005), Academic Buoyancy Scale (Martin & Marsh, 2008), and Academic Well-being Scale (Tuominen-Soini, Salmela-Aro & Niemivirta, 2012). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. There was positive and significant relationship between internal and external developmental assets with academic buoyancy and academic buoyancy partially mediated the relationship of both internal and external developmental assets with academic well-being. Based on these findings, students' academic buoyancy and well-being can be improved by increasing their internal and external developmental assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Requirements Resulting from the Recommendations of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision Regarding Cryptocurrencies
bahar babaei sadegh salimi سوده شاملوCrypto assets are one of the new phenomena of the present age, which, considering its history of less than a decade, has found a significant place in financial exchanges. This phenomenon, like all human evolutions, has positive and negative features, which only paying a MoreCrypto assets are one of the new phenomena of the present age, which, considering its history of less than a decade, has found a significant place in financial exchanges. This phenomenon, like all human evolutions, has positive and negative features, which only paying attention to its functional appeal and neglecting some destructive features can cause irreparable damage. Considering the fact that the entry of banks into this field is inevitable, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has taken steps to introduce precautionary recommendations and supervisory measures in order to protect the banking system and global financial stability. In response to the question of what requirements the Basel Committee has imposed on states in relation to crypto assets, this paper has undertaken to review the actions and documents of the committee in a descriptive-analytical way. What emerges from the analysis of the committee's documents is that the committee has clarified the precautionary standards for a certain group of crypto assets that have stable processes based on links with traditional assets, and the rest of the crypto assets have been left out of the scope of attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - The Impact of Credit Risk on the Banking System's Performance: (PANEL VAR Approach)
علی احمدی حسینعلی احمدی جشفقانی اصغر ابوالحسنی هستیانیIran's banking industry due to the lack of adequate development of capital markets and inefficiencies in the market long-term and short-term financing to undertake major economic activity. Accordingly, lending an important part of the financing operations of any bank a MoreIran's banking industry due to the lack of adequate development of capital markets and inefficiencies in the market long-term and short-term financing to undertake major economic activity. Accordingly, lending an important part of the financing operations of any bank account, but the probability of timely repayment of the loan and facilitates the credit risk in banks and inattention in this regard to adverse results in the performance of the banks, if the amount of risk in the public and private banks also have significant differences, it is also the impact of such risks on the performance of these banks will be different. Given the importance of this study is to evaluate the effect of credit risk on the banking system as well as comparison of public and private Y credit risk in banks during the period 1383-1392 has been discussed. In this regard, the operation panel data regression methods were used. The results showed jolts to the size of a standard deviation leads the credit risk of bank liquidity, return on assets and profitability of banks will be reduced. Based on the results, the long-term role in determining the profitability of banks is credit risk, but liquidity and efficiency in the long run significantly affected Ha bank assets with credit risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - The Impact of Growth, Tangibility of Assets, Open Economy and Economic Indexes on Performance Efficiency Banks
زهرا پورزمانی کاظم قاسمیAbstract Banks through the provision of banking services to customers, earn it. So, as banks will be able to use economies of scale to gain more profit. One of the most important source of information for investors, creditors, and other users, the benefits pr MoreAbstract Banks through the provision of banking services to customers, earn it. So, as banks will be able to use economies of scale to gain more profit. One of the most important source of information for investors, creditors, and other users, the benefits provided by the organization is in regular intervals. The forecast profit organizations is also of considerable importance. Because macroeconomic indicators, including indicators of economic openness on the financial performance and profitability are known to be effective, according to the above description, to examine the impact of asset growth and objectivity, openness and Iranian inflation on the profitability of banks during 1383 to 1392 will be discussed. In terms of purpose, the type of applied research and the method of deduction in the group of cross-correlation, because to explore the relationships between variables, regression and correlation techniques which will be used in this way, the argument inductive.Also, since the test data available, we will conclude this research group theory will be positive. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Analysis of the relationship between intellectual capital and competitive power factors(changes in ROA and company sales)
Mahdi Goodarzi Aliakbar Chaharmahali Ehsan Rahmaninia Hashem Nikoomaram محسن امینی خوزانیThe intellectual capital role on success of companies emphasizes addressing the issue of intellectual capital. Also, disclosure of this type of capital is important since it can affect the decisions of investors and financiers and subsequently the optimal allocation of MoreThe intellectual capital role on success of companies emphasizes addressing the issue of intellectual capital. Also, disclosure of this type of capital is important since it can affect the decisions of investors and financiers and subsequently the optimal allocation of resources, which leads to competitive advantage creation for companies. Furthermore, involvement of some factors affect the relationship between intellectual capital and companies' competitiveness. The purpose of this research is explaining some of these factors’ role and importance including strategic management accounting and political connections in process of influencing intellectual capital on asset returns and sales from the dimensions of companies' competitiveness. Findings have shown that in addition to the existence of a significant positive relationship between intellectual capital and asset returns and sales from the dimensions of competitive power, strategic management accounting also has an increasing moderating role in the relationship between intellectual capital and these dimensions of competitive power. Also, the political connections has a moderating role in the positive relationship between intellectual capital and sales dimension of competitiveness. The Results of this research emphasize the importance of two factors of strategic management accounting and political connections and their control in the relationship between intellectual capital and companies’ competitiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Investigating the Effect of Cognitive Styles on Auditors'Ability to Detect Fraud
Nahid Rezaei زهرا دیانتی دیلمی Reza Gholami Jamkarani Fraydoon Rahnamay RoodposhtyFraud (misappropriation of assets, financial corruption and fraud in financial statements) is a major problem in every type of industry and institution. Misappropriation of assets has the highest frequency of fraud in different societies. According to the documentation MoreFraud (misappropriation of assets, financial corruption and fraud in financial statements) is a major problem in every type of industry and institution. Misappropriation of assets has the highest frequency of fraud in different societies. According to the documentation theory, the performance of people (detection of fraud and misappropriation of assets) is caused by internal tendencies and individual characteristics (cognitive styles); or external, environmental conditions and job requirements (professional skepticism) or both factors. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of auditors' cognitive styles (internal characteristics) on the ability to detect misappropriation of assets, emphasizing the mediating role of professional skepticism (external factor). This research is of applied and survey type. The statistical population includes working auditors who are members of the official accountants society of Iran in the year 1400; 375 people who were selected using random sampling. data was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation modeling with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. The results show that abstract-random, abstract-sequential, objective-sequential and objective-random cognitive styles respectively have the greatest effect on the ability to detect misappropriation of assets and professional skepticism mediates their relationship is crying. The professional skepticism of the auditors also increases the ability to discover the misappropriation of assets. The findings indicate that abstract auditors relying on the power of their intuition and reasoning are more successful than objective auditors who perform evaluations based on what they see. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - The Relative and Incremental Information Content of Earnings VS. Cash Recovery Rates for Measuring the Company’s Performance
Jalil Khodaparast Shirazi Ghodratallah Talebnia Tahereh MosallanejadThe Content of Earnings have been investigated in many times. Accounting researchers have been looking for measurement which can be used as a competitor against earnings. One of the major competitors against earnings is cash flows. In this study, returns on assets is as MoreThe Content of Earnings have been investigated in many times. Accounting researchers have been looking for measurement which can be used as a competitor against earnings. One of the major competitors against earnings is cash flows. In this study, returns on assets is as proxies for earnings-based measures, and estimated internal rates of return is as proxies for cash recovery-based measures, That their relationship were investigated Tobin'Q and the stock returns, which are both indicators of the company’s performance. The research's method of the present study is based on the correlations. This study was conducted on the companies which were present in Tehran Stock Exchange. The study was done 2005 to 2008. Pearson product moment correlations and multiple regressions were used to test hypotheses. according to the results, it can be concluded that the relative information content of earnings is more than the relative information content of cash recovery rates. and the incremental information content can't be investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The Effect of Environmental Uncertainty on Earnings Persistence
پگاه معتمدی ید اله تاری وردیAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Environmental Uncertainty on Earnings persistence of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The coefficient of variation (CV) of sales (scaled by total assets) to capture environmental uncertainty. &nbs MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Environmental Uncertainty on Earnings persistence of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The coefficient of variation (CV) of sales (scaled by total assets) to capture environmental uncertainty. For this purpose one hypothesis developed and data on the 108 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1390 to 1398 were analyzed. The number of data collected for this study is 972 years-firm. The regression panel data with fixed effects approach, reviews and tests. The results showed that the concentration of Environmental Uncertainty has significant negative impact on Earnings Response Coefficient. Therefore, the research results indicate that Environmental uncertainty, by creating serious restrictions for the company and Makes information asymmetry between management and stakeholders more acute it Earnings persistence reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The Effective Factors on Intellectual Capital Disclosure in Tehran Stock Exchange
Rezvan Hejazi Mitra RashidiOne of the challenges and problems of traditional accounting systems is that financial statements and reports of corporations do not disclose value of intellectual properties. Though the role of intellectual properties in creating value added to organization is so much MoreOne of the challenges and problems of traditional accounting systems is that financial statements and reports of corporations do not disclose value of intellectual properties. Though the role of intellectual properties in creating value added to organization is so much more than other assets, but they are not presented in such statements. So, accountants and accounting systems have a very important role for finding an effective ways for measuring and controlling intellectual capital by presenting new models and assessments methods. This research studies the factors affecting the intellectual capital in companies which are listed in Tehran stock exchange. This essay examines these factors through four hypotheses. Our society is all accepted companies in TSE which have presented their financial statements in 2009. Independent factors in this essay are assets, gross profit rate , ratio of shareholders equity and company establishment date . Meanwhile, intellectual capital factors are considered as dependent factors. The findings of testing hypotheses show that total amount of assets and gross profit rate have a positive effect in showing intellectual capital, but company age and ratio of shareholders have no effect for presenting intellectual capital. At last we got that effect of gross profit is more than effect of total amount of assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - ارزیابی و ارائه الگوی شناسایی خطرحسابرسی مبتنی بر ویژگی های بنیادین شرکت ها
محمد امین زکی زاده فرزین رضایی ایرج نوروش -
Open Access Article
143 - The Relationship between Policy Uncertainty and Accounting for Encrypted Financial Assets
Yazdan Gudarzi Farahani Babak Esmaeili Omidali AdeliAbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between policy uncertainty and cryptocurrencies with the financial accounting approach of cryptocurrency assets. The political uncertainty index was calculated based on the approach of Becker et al MoreAbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between policy uncertainty and cryptocurrencies with the financial accounting approach of cryptocurrency assets. The political uncertainty index was calculated based on the approach of Becker et al. (2016) in terms of monetary, financial and exchange rate policy dimensions for the countries of Iran, China, the United States and the United Kingdom, and its relationship with the cryptocurrencies market ,Bitcoin, was evaluated. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate this relationship using the financial accounting approach of cryptocurrencies assets, the most important of which is Bitcoin. The time period of this study was 2012-2021 based on the frequency of monthly data. The results obtained from this estimation of the general method of movement model indicated that the index of political uncertainty in China, America, England and Iran had a positive relationship with the monthly yield of cryptocurrencies and only the number of interruptions of the variable's influence was different. . Therefore, investors in the cryptocurrencies market can have a higher expected return by accepting the risk caused by political uncertainty and predicting the state of macroeconomic variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - the Reason of Different Capital Structure in Iran in Comparison with Asia Pacific Countries
Rassol Naeempoor ALI Nemati Maasomeh AlaviInvestment structure of companies (financial leverage), doubtlessly, has a significant role to make decision for investment. The studies show that there is a relation between investment structure (financial leverage) and other factors such as rate of return of assets, p MoreInvestment structure of companies (financial leverage), doubtlessly, has a significant role to make decision for investment. The studies show that there is a relation between investment structure (financial leverage) and other factors such as rate of return of assets, profit of shares, changes of profit, profit division percent, size of company, and capital market value than value volume of the rights of share holders. The target to consider investment market is to define the structure of financial resources in order to maximize wealth of share holders. Theoretical framework of this research and also other researches is an appropriate database for such this purpose. There is no doubt that there will be a lot of problems in practice because the investment of shareholders is affected by too many factors among which we can mention investment structure (financial leverage).So financial managers of companies pay their attention to the effects of various methods to provide financial resources and evaluate the effect of different financial structures on investment of share holders. The aim of this research is to consider defining factors and the relation between investment structure and above-mentioned factors in the companies which are accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange Market. According to this target, we have ed 88 companies among the statistical society which provide our required data for an 8-year period of research (2002 to 2009). "Compound Regression" method is used to test research theories and "Significant Test Patterns" is done by F and t parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - تبیین الگویی برای مدیریت سود در شرکتهای ورشکسته و مقایسه آن با مدل اصلاحشده جونز
سید مهدی فداکار خسرو فغانی ماکرانی علی ذبیحی -
Open Access Article
146 - Implementation of Direct Subsidy System and Profitability Indicators in Political Economy Theory
علی مسیبی بهروز فرزانه حاجی حسنیThe present paper investigates the effect of establishing a direct subsidy system on profitability indicators (sales return rate, shareholder return rate, asset return rate) within the framework of political economy theory. The statistical population of the present stud MoreThe present paper investigates the effect of establishing a direct subsidy system on profitability indicators (sales return rate, shareholder return rate, asset return rate) within the framework of political economy theory. The statistical population of the present study is Tehran Stock Exchange, which 168 companies were selected as the sample of the study from 2006 to 2020 period. In order to perform statistical analysis in the present study multiple linear regression method with panel-effects method was used. Findings from the analysis of research data show that profitability indicators decreased in the period after the establishment of the direct subsidy system. Also other findings show that the accruals based earnings management has increased in the period after the establishment of direct subsidy system. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that subsidizing targeting plan has reduced the profitability of companies and increased accrual-based earnings management through cost pressures on producers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - A Flexible Link Radar Control Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Systems
Sajad Rahmati Heshmat Asadi -
Open Access Article
148 - The Effect of Income Smoothing and Earnings Quality on Financial performance of Firms
zeinab ariamand seyyed abbas ebrahimiProfit smoothing can be seen as a deliberate reduction in profit fluctuations, so that the activities of the company appear to be normal. Managers are making profit smoothing to reduce this volatility. Some experts believe that investors are more willing to invest in sm MoreProfit smoothing can be seen as a deliberate reduction in profit fluctuations, so that the activities of the company appear to be normal. Managers are making profit smoothing to reduce this volatility. Some experts believe that investors are more willing to invest in smoothing companies and are willing to pay more for them. Researchers believe that some of the characteristics of the company influence the motivation of managers to smooth profits. This study attempts to explain the theoretical foundations of the research, the relationship between earnings smoothing and company characteristics such as earnings quality, P/E and ROE and ROTA. Check the securities. In order to investigate the relationship between earnings smoothing and firm characteristics, data related to the period 2010-2017 were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. The results show that companies with higher price to earnings (P/E) ratios have more incentive to report earnings. And companies with higher earnings quality are more motivated to report earnings smoothly. Finally, it was found that larger ROTAs had a greater incentive to report earnings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - The Distributional Changes of Financial Assets’ Return in Pre and Post COVID 19 Based on Power Law, Stretched Exponential Function and q-Gaussian Function
rasool rezvani gholamreza askarzadehIdentifying the distributional behavior of returns of risky assets is one of the necessities that has attracted the attention of many researchers. Because a more accurate knowledge and understanding of the distribution behavior of returns in them allows for more accurat MoreIdentifying the distributional behavior of returns of risky assets is one of the necessities that has attracted the attention of many researchers. Because a more accurate knowledge and understanding of the distribution behavior of returns in them allows for more accurate predictions of the future state of the market, especially in determining the risk-exposed value of these assets, which has a direct relationship with the distribution form of returns. The aim of the current research is to investigate the distributional changes of financial asset returns in the periods before and after covid-19 based on power law, stretched exponential function and Gaussian q-functions.In this regard, 3 variables: stock market index, gold price and exchange rate were investigated and their related Information was collected in each of the trading days during the period of 2016-03-26 to 2023-01-19 .In order to test the hypotheses, by using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the empirical distribution of returns was compared with each of the mentioned distributions. The results showed that the logarithmic distributions of these assets do not follow any of the probability distributions obtained from the power law, stretched exponential and q-Gaussian. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - Intangibles disclosure: A user-based approach to enhanced external financial reporting
Akbar Dalirian mehdi meshki fazel mohammadi nodeh sina kheradyarAs societies transition from the industrial age to the information age, the importance of intangible assets has increased in the business world. The wave of companies moving to invest in intangible assets and the formation, encouragement, and inclination to create knowl MoreAs societies transition from the industrial age to the information age, the importance of intangible assets has increased in the business world. The wave of companies moving to invest in intangible assets and the formation, encouragement, and inclination to create knowledge-based and technology-driven corporations have been indicative of changing business models, strategies, and moves toward a developed economy. However, accounting standards for intangible assets appear to have been neglected, resisting the shift to alignment with economic change. The purpose of this research is to design a model based on the views of key users for reporting intangible assets. This research is a qualitative research using a grounded theory approach. The statistical population consisted of auditors, official justice experts, bank creditors, managers of investment firms and managers of knowledge-based corporations, using a purposive sampling approach in total of 15 individuals selected as research participants. Data were collected by interview and semi-structured and then, using content analysis, the main themes were identified and their network was drawn using NVIVO software. The categories of causal, strategic, and consequential were introduced, and financial reporting was identified as an intervening variable, "useful decision making information"a component that could be seen in all categories. It was useful to know how to make decisions about intangible assets. The title of the pivotal category was introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Solving Imbalanced Data Distribution Problem in Bankruptcy Prediction by Cost-Sensitive Learning Method
seyed behrooz razavi ebrahim abbasiThis study aimed to add cost-sensitive learning technique to imbalanced data-based bankruptcy prediction models in order to reduce type I error and increase the geometric mean criterion of overall accuracy to reduce the misclassification costs of bankrupt companies for MoreThis study aimed to add cost-sensitive learning technique to imbalanced data-based bankruptcy prediction models in order to reduce type I error and increase the geometric mean criterion of overall accuracy to reduce the misclassification costs of bankrupt companies for stakeholders. For this purpose, type I error, type II error, and the geometric mean of overall accuracy of bankruptcy models based on cost-sensitive learning were compared with bankruptcy prediction models with highly imbalanced datasets. The statistical sample included 1200 year-companies since 2001- 2020, consisting of 90% healthy companies and 10% bankrupt companies. Hypotheses test results showed that adding a cost-sensitive learning technique to the bankruptcy prediction models led to a significant decrease in the type I error, a significant increase in the type II error, and a significant increase in geometric mean of accuracy of imbalanced data-based models at 95% confidence level. Also, with the increase in the misclassification cost of bankrupt companies, type I error had a downward trend and the II type error had an upward trend, and the geometric mean of accuracy had an upward trend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Price predicting with LSTM artificial neural network and portfolio selection model of financial assets and digital currencies
Faranak Khonsarian Babak teimourpour Mohammad Ali RastegarFinding solutions for price prediction, forming an optimal portfolio and achieving more profit are the basic goals of financial market activists. The purpose of this research is to predict the price of financial assets such as several stocks, gold, coin and a number of MoreFinding solutions for price prediction, forming an optimal portfolio and achieving more profit are the basic goals of financial market activists. The purpose of this research is to predict the price of financial assets such as several stocks, gold, coin and a number of digital currencies using the LSTM neural network model and then form an optimal portfolio by calculating the rate of return, risk and the Sharpe ratio. The data used is from the archives of the Tehran Stock Exchange website, the website of the gold, coin and currency information network, as well as the website of buying and selling digital currencies. The time series of the prices of the investigated assets is between 2017 and 2020. Also, we used Python programming language and Gephi software to build the model and analyze the data. In the end, it was found that the LSTM neural network model is capable of predicting the price of financial assets with a very low error rate in each asset, and according to the Sharpe ratio obtained for each financial asset and the correlation matrix, Vebank stock, Khbahman 1 stock, and Digital currencies TRON, Tether and Bitcoin allocate more shares in the proposed portfolio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Investigating the impact of corporate controversies on the performance
Mehdi ershadi mozhgan safa Zohreh Hajiha Hossein MoghadamPurpose: This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of corporate controversies on the performance of companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange.Method: In this research, the required data were extracted from Rahavard Novin software, financial sta MorePurpose: This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of corporate controversies on the performance of companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange.Method: In this research, the required data were extracted from Rahavard Novin software, financial statements of companies and text mining, as well as the Tehran Stock Exchange website. The statistical population of the current research is the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period from 1391 to 1400. In order to test the research hypotheses, the combined data model was used. The software used for data analysis is Stata version 14.Findings: The results of research hypotheses show that three performance calculation criteria (return on assets, return on equity, economic added value) are negatively affected by company controversies. In other words, increasing the level of controversy with controversial and tension-causing factors reduces the ability of management to a significant extent.Conclusion: The negative perception by the stakeholders can have various consequences, including increasing financial risk, increasing the cost of debt, reducing the company's reputation and credibility, which will reduce the company's performance.Keywords: corporate controversies, company performance, return on assets, return on equity, economic added value Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Simulate the Model of the Effects of Alternative Assets Volatility on Overall Index of Tehran Stock Exchange and Housing Prices with Using System Dynamics
habibollah Ranaei Kordsholi abbas abbasi Hooman PashootanizadehAccording to the importance of effectiveness and influence of alternative assets in the portfolio theory framework and proportional to the fluctuation of these assets in our country, predicting the probable changes in the price of these assets and their influence on the MoreAccording to the importance of effectiveness and influence of alternative assets in the portfolio theory framework and proportional to the fluctuation of these assets in our country, predicting the probable changes in the price of these assets and their influence on the Tehran Stock Exchange's index and the price of real estate proportional to the changes on the international price of oil, is vital to get analyzed from different angles. The purpose of this research is to present a model to predict the influence of the alternative assets on the Tehran Stock Exchange's index. This model is built with the factors including system dynamics, currency rate, gold price, international price of oil and real estate's price. The virtual model is built with Vensim DSS software. The conclusion is that on the long run, the changes of gold price and currency rate have a reverse effect on the Tehran Stock Exchange's index and real estate's price. Considering that the Iran's economy is factor based and is mostly dependent on the oil's price, increasing the price of oil will cause the Tehran Stock Exchange's index and real estate's price to increase on the long run Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - The Evaluation of Return and Risk on Investment in Stocks based on the Integration of Asset Pricing Multi-Factor Model and Penalty Function
Aliakbar Farzinfar hossein Jahangirnia Reza Gholami Jamkarani Hasan Ghodrati GhazaaniEvaluation of stocks based on return and risk related to capital assets is one of the important issues of this field. The majority of multifactor models are defined based on the assessment of one of the return and risk criteria. Nevertheless, the model presented in this MoreEvaluation of stocks based on return and risk related to capital assets is one of the important issues of this field. The majority of multifactor models are defined based on the assessment of one of the return and risk criteria. Nevertheless, the model presented in this study evaluated return and risk simultaneously. The multifactor patterns are static and do not express dynamic changes during time intervals affected by latent factors. In this research, unpredicted fluctuations in stock return were defined as latent factors in the penalty function. A more accurate estimate was provided by using the simulation of Fama–MacBeth regression in the estimation of effective parameters and separation of the effects of latent and manifest factors affecting stock return and risk. According to the analysis of the field of knowledge and content analysis, factors affecting the stock return were recognized, and the most effective factors including market measures were refined as manifest factors based on the tolerances. Finally, the model proposed(P-PCA) was exploited in risk prediction (at risk value). According to the results of the study, the mentioned model more efficiently showed the effects of latent and manifest factors on stock return over a long period. In addition, it was able to predict the risk of investment with proper accuracy and similar to patterns of conditional variance, such as ARCH and GARCH. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Examining the Effective Factors on Commercial Bank Profitability of Iran Using Panel ARDL Method
Iraj Shariatzadeh Mehdi Shabanzadeh Gholamreza ZomorodianIn any economic system the role of banks to collect deposits of the banking system (Procurement of resource) and its application in the financing of investment projects (allocation of resource) is very important. Nowadays, Expansion of global markets and increase compet MoreIn any economic system the role of banks to collect deposits of the banking system (Procurement of resource) and its application in the financing of investment projects (allocation of resource) is very important. Nowadays, Expansion of global markets and increase competition in the markets for financial services is affected the profitability of the banking industry, significantly. Given that the profitability of banks is one of functions of banks and a more profitable bank has more power to deal with negative shocks to the market, Therefore, attention to the profitability index as one indicator of evaluating the performance of the banks and its role in decisions related to the mobilization of resources, financing and resource allocation is essential. in this study To achieve this goal, the affective factors on profitability of commercial banks has been modeled and studied during 2009-2013. The scope of this study contains 8 commercial banks listed on Tehran Stock Exchange including Eghtesade Novin, Parsian, Karafarin, Pasargad, Mellat, Tejarat, Saderat and Sina. The study also is used the Panel ARDL method to achieve the targets. The results of this study showed that, The ratio of shareholders' equity to assets, The ratio of credit to assets, bank size and inflation have a direct and positive effect on the profitability of commercial banks. So, increasing and improvement of this variables increase the profitability of commercial banks in the short term and long term. However, the effect of credit risk on commercial bank's profitability index is negative. So that increasing of this variable deacrease the profitability of commercial banks in the short term and long term. finally, The results of ECM model reveal that the speed of adjustment towards long-run equilibrium is low, So that if the shock enters the model the long time require for correct the short-run and long-run imbalance equilibrium and back model to first equilibrium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Applications of fuzzy $e$-open sets
A. Vadivel B. Vijayalakshmi -
Open Access Article
158 - Linear \v{C}ech closure spaces
T. M. Chacko D. Susha -
Open Access Article
159 - On $\beta-$topological vector spaces
S. Sharma M. Ram -
Open Access Article
160 - Continuity of some mappings on a group via semi-regular topology
M. Ram S. K. Elagan -
Open Access Article
161 - Upper and lower $\alpha(\mu_{X},\mu_{Y})$-continuous multifunctions
M. Akdag F. Erol -
Open Access Article
162 - Some Integral Inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard Type for Multiplicatively s-Preinvex Functions
Serap Özcan -
Open Access Article
163 - New Inclusion Sets for the Eigenvalues of Stochastic Tensors
Ali Reza Shojaeifard Ramin Nasiri -
Open Access Article
164 - Evaluation of Performance of Chicken Meat Suppliers Using Fuzzy-MCDM Method (Case Study: Arak City-Iran)
Asma Etebari Rahmat Arab Mohammad Amirkhan -
Open Access Article
165 - A FUZZY MODEL FOR ASSESSMENT PROCESSES
Michael Gr. Voskoglou -
Open Access Article
166 - The Relationship Between JIT-Based Quality Management and Financial Performance in Car Company Listed on the Stock Exchange
aysan seyfi hossein Boudaghi Khajeh NobarNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The impleme MoreNowadays, the quality management systems are important in the management of companies and organizations. Purpose of these systems is to increase profitability, survival of the organization and customer's satisfaction, along with steady decline of real costs. The implementation of these strategies can help organization to move from traditional form and led to dynamic and flexible structure. Thus many organizations cost a lot to achieve the benefits of establishment these systems. But in some cases, due to lack of correct understanding of the systems and particular conditions of the organization, implementation of these strategies leads to failure. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between JIT-based quality management and financial performance of organizations. To do so, car companies listed on the stock exchange during the years 1389-1385 selected and their financial information examined. The results indicated that between JIT-based quality management and return on equity, there is a significant relationship at the 99% confidence level while, there is no any significant relationship between JIT-based quality management and return on assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - The Mediator role of Information Asymmetry in Imperfect Competition Market on the relation between Earnings Forecast Bias & Idiosyncratic Risk derived from Capital Assets Pricing Model
Mohammad Hassani Sanaz MoradiTheoretically, firms should reduce information risks to provide a transparent environment for different groups in capital market to make decisions. Therefore, identifying potential risk factors is important. This paper investigated the impact of earnings forecast bias a MoreTheoretically, firms should reduce information risks to provide a transparent environment for different groups in capital market to make decisions. Therefore, identifying potential risk factors is important. This paper investigated the impact of earnings forecast bias and information asymmetry in imperfect competition market on the idiosyncratic risk. It is used the standard deviation of residuals extracted from capital asset pricing model to measure the idiosyncratic risk. Earnings forecast bias is measured based on the absolute value of difference between actual value and forecasted value of earnings per share scaled by the beginning stock price. In addition, information asymmetry is assessed based on the stock price bid-ask spread. Using filtering method, 147 firms listed in Tehran Securities & Exchange during 2013 to 2018 selected as research population. Research hypotheses analyzed through multivariate regression models. Research results showed that more earnings forecast bias lead to increase the idiosyncratic risk. In addition, high level of information asymmetry caused to increase the idiosyncratic risk. Also information asymmetry lead to strengthen the positive relation between earnings forecast bias and idiosyncratic risk. As a whole, firms with high level of earnings forecast bias & information asymmetry as inverse proxies of information quality which have worse information environment have more idiosyncratic risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Families of Fuzzy Sets and Lattice Isomorphisms Preparation
John Mordeson Sunil MathewIn this paper, we discuss how theoretical results from one family of fuzzy sets can be carried over immediately to another family of fuzzy sets by the use of lattice isomorphisms. We also show that these families can occur naturally and that applications may not necessa MoreIn this paper, we discuss how theoretical results from one family of fuzzy sets can be carried over immediately to another family of fuzzy sets by the use of lattice isomorphisms. We also show that these families can occur naturally and that applications may not necessarily be carried over using these isomorphisms. We illustrate this using techniques from the study of human trafficking and its analysis using mathematics of uncertainty. We also consider the new definition of fuzzy set provided by Trillas and de Soto. Manuscript profile
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