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Open Access Article
1 - Laying hens’ diet modification with flaxseed and fish oils to enrich egg yolks with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D3
Reza Kazempoor Arman Ghorbanzadeh Mohsen Mokhtarian Saeed Rasoulinezhad -
Open Access Article
2 - Association Between Dietary Atherogenic Index and Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study in Tehranian Women
Parisa Navidgouei Behnood Abbasi Sedigheh HosseiniPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Dietary fatty acids may play a role in the progression of PCOS and related metabolic abnormalities. We conducted a case-control st MorePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder characterized by impaired glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. Dietary fatty acids may play a role in the progression of PCOS and related metabolic abnormalities. We conducted a case-control study to examine the association between dietary atherogenic index (AI) and PCOS risk. The study included 203 women with PCOS and 291 healthy controls from Taleghenai Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Demographic, anthropometric, and dietary data were collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. AI was calculated based on dietary fatty acid intake. Participants’ mean ages were 28.98±5.43 and 30.15±6.21 years for cases and controls, respectively. No significant differences in intakes of total fat, cholesterol, saturated, trans, monounsaturated fatty acids, linoleic, or linolenic acids were observed across AI quartiles (p>0.05). However, polyunsaturated fatty acid intake decreased significantly with increasing AI quartiles (p=0.034). In addition, this case-control study found no relationship between the dietary atherogenic index and the risk of PCOS among Iranian women. Further research is needed to validate these findings and elucidate the role of dietary fatty acids in PCOS pathogenesis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Association of fast food intake and high-grade brain tumors: Primary evidence among a subset of Iranian patients
Fatemeh Karami Marjan Ghodsi Mohammad Shahmohammadi -
Open Access Article
4 - Study of survival and growth performance of Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) fed by oil emulsion-enriched Daphnia magna
neda fathiThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of daphnia (Daphnia magna) enriched with essential fatty acids on growth and survival larval kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) of the Caspian Sea over two weeks. The Kutum fish fries had initial weight of 52.62 mg which wer MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of daphnia (Daphnia magna) enriched with essential fatty acids on growth and survival larval kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum) of the Caspian Sea over two weeks. The Kutum fish fries had initial weight of 52.62 mg which were in triplicate with daphnia enriched with essential fatty acids, non-enriched daphnia and hand-fed biomar diet. The results indicated significant difference in growth performance between three treatments (p<0.05). The maximum specific growth rate (8.5±00 % d-1), weight gain (120.48±2.1 g) and final total length (31.3±0.1 cm) were observed in the daphnia treatment enriched by essential fatty acid. However, there was no significant difference in survival rate between treatments (p>0.05). This study showed that enrichment of daphnia with essential fatty acid enhances growth performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Effect of Different Auxiliary Collector in Flotation of Phosphate Ore
Melina Seyed Momen Makan Etefagh Amir Hassanjani Roshan Hassan Koohestani -
Open Access Article
6 - Determination of the significance of beta-hydroxy butyrate, non esterified fatty acids and some other serum biochemical parameters as predictors of left displacement of abomasum in cattle
نوید Basiri SH Safi ایرج Norouzian عباس Rahimi ForoushaniLeft displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 b MoreLeft displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 biochemicalparameters of cows with LDA before and after parturition were compared to those of healthycows (control group) using logistic regression statistical model. Changes in six parameters,including beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), calcium, sodium and potassium were significant (p<0.05) between thegroups and were included in the prediction model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Fatty Acid and Sterol Composition of Oils Extracted from Pistachio, Walnut, Hazelnut and Almond Employing by Cold Press Method
Z. Piravivanak Sh. PoufalatoonIntroduction: Oils extracted from nuts by the cold press might be regarded as valuable oils due to their high yield, unique flavors characteristics. Due to the role of nuts in Iranian society regarding its high consumption, this preliminary study concerned with the fatt MoreIntroduction: Oils extracted from nuts by the cold press might be regarded as valuable oils due to their high yield, unique flavors characteristics. Due to the role of nuts in Iranian society regarding its high consumption, this preliminary study concerned with the fatty acid and sterol compositions of the oils extracted from the related nuts by cold press have been carried out. Materials and Methods: To define the chemical compositions of nut oils, four nuts consisting of pistachio, walnut, hazelnut and almond were collected from Kerman, Tuyserkan, Qazvin and Azarshahr areas respectively and the oils were extracted at 25°C using the cold press methods. Fatty acid and sterol compositions were determined using a gas chromatography equipped with a capillary column and Flame Ionisation Detector according to the defined methods of standard. Results: The results showed that oleic acid was predominant fatty acid in hazelnut (83.3%), almond (67.6%) and pistachio (63.3%) oils while the linoleic acid had the highest concentration in walnut oil (52.5%). The analysis of the sterol fractions of the nonsaponifiable matters of the extracted oils indicated that the apparent β-sitosterol was the predominant sterol and covered 85-91% of the total sterol fractions in all the oils examined. Conclusion: The results showed that the oils extracted from nuts have desirable quantities of oleic and linoleic acids. The results also indicated the absence of trans acids. Due to the presence of high concentrations of oleic acid in hazelnut, almond and pistachio, these oils have a good stability against oxidation chain reactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation the Saturated and Trans Fatty Aid contents of Confectionary Products in Kermanshah City
N. Mardafkan F. Beigmohammadi Sh. AhmadiIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials an MoreIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials and Methods: Four types of confectionary sweets popular and consumedfrequently consisted of dry, semi-dry, wet and frying types were selected and purchased fromthree famous confectionary shops with six replicate orders during six month periods. The oilsamples after extraction were subjected to methylation to prepare methyl ester of the fattyacids. The methyl ester samples were injected to a gas chromatography equipped with BPX70capillary column and Flame Ionisation Detector where the firm identification was made bycomparison with standards.Results: The results showed that the major saturated fatty acid in all the pastries was palmiticacid accounting for 25 to 35 % for different samples. The other major saturated fatty acid wasstearic acid ranging 5 to 10%. The unsaturated fatty acid; elaidic acid (C18:1t) accounted for7 to 13%, expect for Doughnut that was less than 1%. In total the amount of saturated fattyacids and trans fatty acid of the samples was much higher than the minimum standardtherefore total TFA content in Nan Brenji A, B and C brands were13.3, 8.03 and 11.45,respectively. The values of TFA in Danish type were 15.67, 15.25 and 16.78, respectivelyand in Napeloni type was11.82, 15.9 and 11.46, respectively.Conclusion: It is necessary and advisable to replace the edible oils containing high trans fattyacids in the formulation of these sweets with healthier ones containing lower trans content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effect of Different Solvent Systems on Some Chemical Properties of Pistachio Nut Oil Contaminated with Aflatoxin
N. Ahmadi Kamazani S. A. Mortazavi M. Ebrahimi Tajabadi , M. Hasani M. Ghotbi -
Open Access Article
10 - Detection of Chemical Properties of Ghee Containing Various Levels of Palm Oil and Beef Tallow on RSM
S. H. Erfani M. Ghavami S. Shoeibi H. Rastegar A. Zand Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of Different Concentrations of Activated Carbon with Bleaching Earth During Bleaching Process on Physicochemical Properties of Soybean Oil
N. Aliyar Zanjani Z. Piravi Vanak -
Open Access Article
12 - Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition of Oil Extracted from Nine Varieties of Sunflower Seed
N. Amini M. Jamali Kermanshahi P. Mahasti -
Open Access Article
13 - Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties of Nettle Leaf Oil
S. Kamyab A. Zamani P. Mahasti M. Zojaji -
Open Access Article
14 - The importance of short chain fatty acids synthesized by intestinal microorganisms, as an epigenetic factor, in reducing the incidence of colon cancer
Shiva Darabi Fatemeh Keshavarzi parviz Ahtari Farahnaz Motamedi Sedeh Behrouz AlirezapourObjective: The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer are still not well understood, but diet is the main factor that has multifaceted effects, including changes in the host's metabolome and transcriptome. Metabolites obtained from diet can directl MoreObjective: The mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer are still not well understood, but diet is the main factor that has multifaceted effects, including changes in the host's metabolome and transcriptome. Metabolites obtained from diet can directly affect the metabolism of the whole body. The purpose ofthis study is to review the effect of intestinal microbiota through the synthesis ofshort chain fatty acids (acetate, butyrate and propionate), and as a result, the induction of cytochrome P4501A1 gene expression in the prevention and treatment of colon cancer.Materials and methods: Using keywords, searching and collecting articles from PubMed and citation databases, I.S. I. (ISI web of Knowledge), SCOPUS, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Oxford and Ovid, as well as the most famous internal databases including the Academic Jihad Database (SID), Iranmedex, Magiran, Irandoc and MedLib were performed.Findings: Undigested food ingredients that enter the large intestine are fermented by intestinal microbiota and fermentative metabolites are produced that perform a wide range of effective functions. Some of these metabolites interact with the intestinal immune system, including short-chain fatty acids, aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, and bile acid metabolites that play a role in inducing intestinal immune homeostasis.It seems that the protective effects of short chain fatty acids synthesized by microorganisms, in colon cancer by inhibiting the activity of histone deacetylase and strengthening the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and thus protecting DNA against damage caused by carcinogens, by activating xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, such as Cytochrome P4501A1, apply.Conclusion: The present study presented a new perspective regarding the importance of intestinal microbiota through the production of short chain fatty acids, especially acetate, butyrate and propionate, as medicinal targets for the prevention and even treatment of colorectal cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Lipid and volatile composition of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) leaf
Wissem Aidi Wannes Baya Mhamdi Moufida Saidani Tounsi Brahim Marzouk -
Open Access Article
16 - Antioxidant properties of orange and lemon peels and their efficacy in preventing lipid peroxidation in stored oils
Abdol Hadi Tajer Aisha Siddiqi Divya Prakash J. Jamuna Prakash Prabhavathi S.N. -
Open Access Article
17 - Functional Egg; Enriched with Omega Fatty Acids
Dariush Khademi Shurmasti Abdollah Alizadeh karsalari Hoda ShokriThe health benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are generally recognized. Unfortunately, in most countries, the recommended daily intake of these compounds is rarely met. Therefore, the enrichment of commonly occurring foods and the production of f MoreThe health benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are generally recognized. Unfortunately, in most countries, the recommended daily intake of these compounds is rarely met. Therefore, the enrichment of commonly occurring foods and the production of functional foods can increase intake of these fatty acids. From this point of view, eggs are an interesting target due to their superior nutritional value and low cost, because they form an integral part of the diet. Their n-3 PUFA profile can be modified through dietary supplements. For this purpose, the oilseeds such as flaxseed, rapeseed, camelina, plant sources rich in alpha-linolenic acid and fish oil, which is rich in long-chain n-3 PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been used. A more recent trend is feed supplementation with microalgae as a source of EPA and/or DHA. On the other hand, it seems necessary to use effective approaches to increase people's awareness of consuming functional foods. In this paper, recent scientific literature concerning n−3 PUFA enrichment in eggs is reviewed, giving an overview of advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches and the effect of consuming enriched eggs on human health was presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of Vermicompost Fertilizer Application on Physiological Characteristics of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Genotypes in Two Sowing Dates
Elnaz Samadzadeh ghale joughi Eslam Majidi Hervan Amir Hoseain Shirani Rad Ghorban NoormohammadiTo investigate the effect of vermicompost fertilizer application on physiological characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in different sowing dates, an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design arranged in factorial split plot wit MoreTo investigate the effect of vermicompost fertilizer application on physiological characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in different sowing dates, an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design arranged in factorial split plot with three replicates. The factorial combination of two sowing dates 17 and 27 October, considered as optimum and late sowing dates, respectively and two vermicompost rates, 0 and 20 t.ha-1 were allocated to the main plots and six canola genotypes (BAL104, DIE710.08, BAL102, FJL290, FJL330, Okapi) were randomized in sub-plots. The results indicated that seed yield, yield components, seed oil percentage and fatty acid compositions increased in all genotypes by different sowing dates. The highest seed yield (5853 and 5762 kg.ha-1), seed oil percentage (43.98 and 43.85%), oleic acid (65.23 and 64.93%) and linoleic acid (20.51 and 20.37%) were produced at optimum sowing date by FJL290 and BAL102 lines, which represent a high potential of this genotypes under this sowing date. In addition, application of vermicompost increased all traits under study. The result olso indicated that FJL290 and BAL102 lines can produce the highest seed and oil yields in the region, if the seeds were sown at 17 October 17th and application of 20 t.ha-1 of vermicompost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Fatty acid profile and heavy metal (copper, chromium and cobalt) content in animal oils in Ilam province
S. Gholami Gilani A. Taheri Gh. Gholami Gilani M. ShahmariIn determining the quality of oils, heavy metal content, physical-chemical indices, and fatty acid profile, especially trans fatty acids are important factors. In this study, animal oil samples of different regions of Ilam province studied. After digestion and extractio MoreIn determining the quality of oils, heavy metal content, physical-chemical indices, and fatty acid profile, especially trans fatty acids are important factors. In this study, animal oil samples of different regions of Ilam province studied. After digestion and extraction by microwave-assisted acid digestion, the heavy metals content of the samples measured by an improved flame atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Moreover, after extraction and derivatization of the oils, the fatty acid profile was analyzed by gas chromatography. To facilitate the conclusion of the data obtained, samples of different regions of the province are divided into three parts: northern, southern, and central cities. According to the results, copper, cobalt, and chromium levels were reported in the range of 0.04-4.47, 0.02-2.33, and 0.02-3.54 mg/kg, respectively, which were below the maximum permissible levels. It was revealed that using the modified gas chromatography method, it is possible to separate and measure 27 fatty acids simultaneously. Besides, an acceptable degree of extraction of oleic and linoleic acid is extracted to calculate the cis and trans isomers, which was achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Proximate composition and protein electrophoresis pattern of muscle from black mouth croaker (Atrobucca nibe) in the Oman Sea
S.P Hosseini-Shekarabi S.E Hosseini مهدی Soltani ابولقاسم Kamali تورج Valinassab Black mouth croaker is considered as a new and valuable resource in the deepwater of the Oman Sea. This study describes the chemical proximate composition, the fatty acid profiles of the fish oil using gas chromatography and phosphorus element (colorimetric More Black mouth croaker is considered as a new and valuable resource in the deepwater of the Oman Sea. This study describes the chemical proximate composition, the fatty acid profiles of the fish oil using gas chromatography and phosphorus element (colorimetric method) of the fish muscle. Moreover, the pattern of protein using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was carried out. Proximate composition of the fillet was calculated in wet weight as follow: 79.32±0.299% moisture, 18.19±0.145% protein, 1.01±0.032% fat and 1.434±0.047% ash. The concentration of total saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were measured 39.54±0.272%, 37.66±0.161% and 23.56±0.369%, respectively. Among PUFA, concentration of DHA (9.43±0.345%) was obtained more than EPA (1.16±0.051%) (p<0.05). Phosphorus content was 260.73±0.134 mg/100 wet weight. Based on SDS-PAGE, the 11 protein bands in the range of 10 to 200 kDa were detected. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) showed the most dense band. According to high nutritional value and lean-flesh of black mouth croaker, this species may be appropriate for the production of frozen fillet and surimi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, beta-hydroxy butyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and urea in pregnant ewes
علی Rezapour مهدی Taghinezhad GH.R AssadnasabFood restriction is a potential unwanted risk for a developing fetus in pregnant ewe. The objective of this study was to study the effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea i MoreFood restriction is a potential unwanted risk for a developing fetus in pregnant ewe. The objective of this study was to study the effects of food restriction on serum concentration of glucose, triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea in the last 8 weeks of pregnancy in Ghezel sheep (Azerbaijan native). We used Split-plot in time design and the overall sample was 14 Ghezel ewes. After a primary preparation period and using flashing diet, oesterus cycle was synchronized in an out of breeding season with sheep CIDR. Pregnancy induction was carried out through natural mating. Primary sampling (P0) was done 4 weeks after mating and then the ewes were divided and assigned to two groups: Control (T2) and food restriction group (T1). In different stages of pregnancy (P1 – P3) sampling was performed and the above mentioned parameters were measured. We used 16.5-27.5% food restriction. Our results surprisingly showed that food restriction had no statistically significant effect on serum glucose and triacylglycerol concentration, but it had a statistically significant effect on serum beta-hydroxy butyrate, non-esterified fatty acids and urea concentration (p<0.05). Food restriction resulted in mild to moderate ketosis in some individual animals. We conclude that food-restricted pregnant ewes following initial flashing diet at the beginning of pregnancy could maintain their glucose homeostasis and end her pregnancy period by using fat reserves and gluconeogenesis. Only one ewe aborted during food restriction in the end stage of pregnancy and others tolerated the situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Reaction of Some Qualitative Changes in the kernel of Different Walnut Genotypes in the Storage Period
Zahra Davarkhah Mehdi Hosseinifarahi محسن Radi Sedigheh GholipourThe walnut has a multipurpose use, so that it is cultivated in pomology for its fruit, in forestry for the use of wood, in pharmaceuticals as a medicinal plant, and in parks as an ornamental plant. In order to investigate some qualitative postharvest characteristics th MoreThe walnut has a multipurpose use, so that it is cultivated in pomology for its fruit, in forestry for the use of wood, in pharmaceuticals as a medicinal plant, and in parks as an ornamental plant. In order to investigate some qualitative postharvest characteristics the kernel of 14 superior walnut genotypes (Sisakht 1 and 2, Delirej 1 and 2, Shahniz 1 and 2, Kowkhdan 1 and 2, Setangan 1 and 2, Ganjegun 1 and 2 and Vezeg 1 and 2), an experiment was conducted in Kohgiluyeh and Boyar Ahmad provinces during 2019 to 2020. Qualitative characteristics such as oxidative stability of walnut kernels (peroxide value), percentage of moisture and weight loss of kernels after 6 months of storage and sensory evaluation after 14 months of storage at 25°C were evaluated. The results showed that the peroxides value in walnut kernels increased during storage. After 6 months of storage in the warehouse, the lowest peroxide value was observed in the genotypes of Vezg 1 and Ganjegun 2. The results of the sensory evaluation showed that Ganjegun 2 and Vezg 1 genotypes had the highest and Delirej 1 and 2 genotypes showed the lowest overall acceptance rate after 14 months of storage. Finally, Vezg 1 and Ganjegun 2 genotypes are recommended for consumption and also in breeding programs due to their better quality and durability after harvesting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The comparison of oil biochemical compositions of three olive cultivars (Olea europaea L.) in different regions of Golestan province
Esmaeil Seifi Arezoo Jalali Somayyeh Ebraheimnia Hossein FereidooniOlive has a suitable oil, which shows excellent nutritional values. Due to our country's huge need to edible oil and the high quality of olive oil, developing the area under cultivation of olive is an important aim of Iran's agricultural programs. In this study, three c MoreOlive has a suitable oil, which shows excellent nutritional values. Due to our country's huge need to edible oil and the high quality of olive oil, developing the area under cultivation of olive is an important aim of Iran's agricultural programs. In this study, three cultivars including Mission, Koroneiki and Zard from three regions in Golestan province (Varsan, Ganareh and Minoodasht) were studied in terms of quantity and quality of the oil. Results showed that there were some significant differences among various regions and cultivars. Mission in Varsan and Koroneiki in Minoodasht had the highest and lowest fruit weight, respectively. Cultivars Mission and Zard in Ganareh and Mission in Varsan had the highest percentage of dry matter in fruits. The highest percentages of oil in dry and fresh weights were observed in cultivars Koroneiki and Zard in Ganareh, respectively, though they were not significantly different from the other treatments. In term of oil physicochemical traits, cultivar Mission in Ganareh showed the lowest free fatty acids. Cultivar Koroneiki Minoodasht had the lowest K232 value; while, it had the highest amount of total chlorophyll and carotenoid. The oil produced in Varsan region had the lowest and highest amount of peroxide and K270 value, respectively. In general, the results showed that cultivar Koroneiki is suitable to produce in all three regions of Varsan, Ganareh and Minoodasht. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of fatty acids and sterols of Eryngium caucasicum Trautv and Caucalis platycarpos L
sahar mohammadipour Abdollah Hatamzadeh Davood Bakhshi Ardalan PasdaranInflammation and oxidative related disorders consist the most important public health threating diseases. This study investigates the fatty acid and sterol contents of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpos, which are part of the nutrition culture of the Caspian region. Their MoreInflammation and oxidative related disorders consist the most important public health threating diseases. This study investigates the fatty acid and sterol contents of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpos, which are part of the nutrition culture of the Caspian region. Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials are also tested with regard to preparing supplemental foods. The fatty acid and sterol contents are quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC MS), and are identified by comparison to standard components. All fractions were tested for free radical scavenging properties with respect to 1, 1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), phosphomolybdenum, 2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid radical cation(ABTS), cupric ion reducing activity (CUPRAC), Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal chelating activity on ferrous ions methods. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of the fatty acid and sterol fractions of E. caucasicum and C. platycarpos were assayed by the human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization method. The total oil content of these plants was 18.21% and 7.39%, respectively, with E. caucasicum yielding a higher percentage of oil. Stigmastanol (21.35%) and β-sitosterol (12.19%) constituted the predominant sterols in E. caucasicum and C. platycarpos, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Comparison of physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of seed oil from Citrus aurantium L. extraction in different extraction methods
Samad Nejad Ebrahimi masoumeh sadeghinikCitrus aurantium L. seed is a by-product of fruit juice industries. In this research, the main fatty acids and phytosterols in C. aurantium seed oil were evaluated with the aim of nutritional evaluation and its biological properties. The C. aurantium oil extracted by tw MoreCitrus aurantium L. seed is a by-product of fruit juice industries. In this research, the main fatty acids and phytosterols in C. aurantium seed oil were evaluated with the aim of nutritional evaluation and its biological properties. The C. aurantium oil extracted by two methods of cold pressing and using hexane solvent.The C. aurantium seed fatty acids composition was analyzed by GC-MS, 1HNMR, and 13CNMR. In addition, the effects of ultrasonic waves and air pressure on the C. aurantium pulp obtained from cold press extraction by n-hexane was studied. The findings showed that the highest oil yields were obtained using ultrasound-assisted extraction (25%) compared to other methods. The five fatty acids including 9-oleic (18.07%), Linoleic (36.69%), palmitic (21.90%), stearic acid (6.6%) and 10-oleic acids (1.1%) were the most phytosterols in C. aurantium seed oil. According to the obtained results, C. aurantium oil can be considered as a new food source. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Effect of different levels of somatic cell count of cow milk and lipase enzyme on free fatty acids composition and sensory properties of White brined cheese
Hamed Zarei Ali Reza Shahab Lavasani -
Open Access Article
27 - بررسی اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع در دانه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L)
غلام رضا بخشی خانیکیمقدمه و هدف: دانههای ریحان ( (Ocimum basilicum L.منبعی غنی از اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع بوده و مقدار زیادی موسیلاژ نیز تولید میکنند. این مطالعه به منظور مقایسه میزان و نوع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع موجود در ریحان متعلق به ده جمعیت مختلف به مرحلهی اجرا درآمد. روش ت Moreمقدمه و هدف: دانههای ریحان ( (Ocimum basilicum L.منبعی غنی از اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع بوده و مقدار زیادی موسیلاژ نیز تولید میکنند. این مطالعه به منظور مقایسه میزان و نوع اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع موجود در ریحان متعلق به ده جمعیت مختلف به مرحلهی اجرا درآمد. روش تحقیق: بذرهای جمعآوری شده از این گیاه در شرایط گل­خانه در سه تکرار کشت شدند و در نهایت روغن بذرهای جمع آوری شده و بذرهای به دست آمده از گیاهان کشت شده به طور جداگانه استخراج و تبدیل به متیل استر گردیدند، سپس ترکیب­های اسید چرب روغن بذرها توسط کروماتوگرافی گازی تعیین شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که بالاترین میزان روغن کل در بین تمام جمعیتهای محلی و آزمایشگاهی در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی اردبیل (98/28 درصد وزنی) و کمترین میزان آن (25/17 درصد وزنی) در جمعیت محلی آذربایجان غربی 2 مشاهده گردید. همچنین بالاترین میزان اسید پالمتیک (81/34 مول درصد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی کرمانشاه و کمترین میزان آن (05/2 مول درصد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی کرمان مشاهده شد. از طرفی بالاترین مقدار اسید استئاریک (56/7 مول درصد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی اهواز و کمترین آن (42/1 مول درصد) در جمعیت وحشی اردبیل مشاهده شد و بالاترین میزان اسید اولئیک (81/22 مول درصد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی قم و کمترین آن (10/11 مول درصد) در جمعیت محلی آذربایجان غربی 2 مشاهده گردید. بالاترین میزان اسید لینولئیک (60/25 مول در صد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی آذربایجان غربی 1 و کمترین آن (55/15 مول درصد) در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی کرمانشاه مشاهده شد. بالاترین میزان اسید لینولنیک (89/53 مول درصد) در جمعیت محلی آذربایجان غربی1 و کمترین آن 08/28 مول درصد در جمعیت آزمایشگاهی کرمانشاه مشاهده شد. به طورکلی چنین به نظر میرسد که بذر جمعیتهای مختلف ریحان دارای مقدار زیادی از اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع و مقدار کمی از اسیدهای چرب اشباع هستند.توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: بذر جمعیتهای محلی ریحان متعلق به نواحی شمالیتر ایران با آب و هوای معتدل دارای مقادیر بیشتری اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع بلند زنجیر مانند اسید اولئیک و اسید لینولئیک می­باشد که این اسیدهای چرب دارای کاربردهای دارویی، صنعتی، بهداشتی و آرایشی فراوانی هستند. بنابراین انتخاب جمعیتهای محلی شمال کشور با هدف تولید اسید چرب غیراشباع توصیه میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - خصوصیات فیزیکو شیمیایی و رفتار حرارتی روغن استخراج شده از دانه دو گونه گزنه کشت شده در ایران
مریم جعفری سارا امیری سامانی زهرا جعفریمقدمه و هدف: گیاه گزنه دارای گونههای متعددی است که از دیرباز از نظر دارویی در طب سنتی توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. علیرغم مطالعات متعدد بر روی خواص دارویی و درمانی بخشهای مختلف این گیاه، ولیکن خلا ناشی از گزارشات علمی بر روی خصوصیات شیمیایی روغن دانه آن کاملا مح Moreمقدمه و هدف: گیاه گزنه دارای گونههای متعددی است که از دیرباز از نظر دارویی در طب سنتی توجه زیادی را به خود جلب کرده است. علیرغم مطالعات متعدد بر روی خواص دارویی و درمانی بخشهای مختلف این گیاه، ولیکن خلا ناشی از گزارشات علمی بر روی خصوصیات شیمیایی روغن دانه آن کاملا محسوس است. بنابراین در این تحقیق، برخی از خصوصیات روغن استخراج شده از دانه دو گونه گزنه کشت داده شده در ایران مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: دانههای مربوط به دو گونه گزنه تحت عنوان Urticapilulifera و Urticadioica تهیه و درصد روغن در آنها با روش مرجع سوکسله اندازهگیری شد. ترکیب اسید چرب با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی گازی و ترکیب توکوفرولها نیز با کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در نهایت رفتار حرارتی دو روغن با دستگاه کالریمتری پیمایشی تفاضلی در دامنه حرارتی 50 تا 100- درجه سانتیگراد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج و بحث: بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده هر دو گونه گزنه حاوی درصد قابل ملاحظهای روغن میباشند(1/34% و 5/29% به ترتیب برای Urticadioica و Urticapilulifera که قابل مقایسه با منابع متداول روغن است. اسیدهای چرب غالب در روغن هر دو گونه به ترتیب شامل اسید لینولئیک، اسید اولئیک و اسید پالمتیک بودند. هر دو روغن عمدتاً حاوی گاما توکوفرول و سپس دلتا توکوفرول بوده و آلفا توکوفرول مقدار بسیار کمتری را به خود اختصاص داده بود. پروفیل انجمادی و ذوبی هر دو روغن شباهت نزدیکی بهم داشته و شامل سه پیک اگزوترمی و چهار پیک اندوترمی بودند که با توجه به ترکیب اسید چرب در این دو روغن، مربوط به تریگلیسریدهای مختلف با درجه غیراشباعیت متفاوت میباشند. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، دانههای مورد بررسی منابع خوبی از روغن بوده و غنی از اسیدهای چرب چندغیر اشباعی میباشند که آنها را مناسب برای کاربردهای خوراکی، داروسازی و حتی صنعتی خواهد کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - ارزیابی کمی و کیفی اسیدهای چرب بذر خیار چنبر (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus)
ابوالفضل امینی حسینعلی اسدی قارنه الهام فروزندهBackground & Aim:Armenian cucumber (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is one of the varieties of Cucurbitaceae family that is freshly consumed in Iran, while due to the presence of useful fatty acids and minerals, it can play a special role in the health diet. The a MoreBackground & Aim:Armenian cucumber (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is one of the varieties of Cucurbitaceae family that is freshly consumed in Iran, while due to the presence of useful fatty acids and minerals, it can play a special role in the health diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative of fatty acids in the seeds of Armenian cucumber. Experimental: Fruits were harvested in summer of 2018 at a fully ripened stage.The seeds were manually separated from the fruits and dried in roomtemperature. Evaluation of morphological traits was performed in the laboratory of horticulture sciences department. The seed oil extraction was done using Soxhlet apparatus and fatty acids analysis was performed by gas chromatography at Central Research Institute of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. Results: The mean of 100-seed weight was 4.08 g, the mean of seed length and diameter were 12.46 and 4.84 mm, respectively, andthe ratio of kernel to seed shellwas 2.75. The seed oil content was 34.8% and included of 24 kind of different fatty acids. The most important unsaturated fatty acids were linoleic with 51.62% and oleic acid with 28.31% and the most important saturated fatty acids were palmitic and stearic acids with 11.16% and 7.16%, respectively. The sum of unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids were 19.46, 80.54 and 4.13, respectively. Recommended applications/industries: According to the results of this research, America cucumber seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids that will make them suitable for food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - استخراج و تعیین مقدار اسیدهای چرب ضروری در برگ گیاه خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L)
ژیلا اصغری سهره علی محمد زاده محسن مظاهری تهرانیمقدمه و هدف: گیاه خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.) یک گونه خودرو از خانواده پورتولاکاسه است که در اغلب مناطق ایران میروید. بر اساس نتایج مطالعات انجام شده، این گونه منبعی غنی از اسیدهای چرب ضروری امگا-3 و امگا-6 میباشد. خرفه از لحاظ گستردگی، هشتمین گیاه متداول در دنیا می Moreمقدمه و هدف: گیاه خرفه (Portulaca oleracea L.) یک گونه خودرو از خانواده پورتولاکاسه است که در اغلب مناطق ایران میروید. بر اساس نتایج مطالعات انجام شده، این گونه منبعی غنی از اسیدهای چرب ضروری امگا-3 و امگا-6 میباشد. خرفه از لحاظ گستردگی، هشتمین گیاه متداول در دنیا میباشد. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مقایسهی میزان اسیدهای چرب ضروری در نمونههای دو جمعیت گرگان و سردشت میباشد.روش تحقیق: روغن موجود در برگ گیاه خرفه از طریق دستگاه سوکسله و با استفاده از حلال پترولیوم اتر استخراج شد. اسیدهای چرب قبل از تزریق به کروماتوگرافی گازی، جهت بررسی کمی و کیفی، به متیل استر تبدیل شدند.نتایج و بحث: میزان روغن استخراج شده برای نمونه گرگان و سردشت، به ترتیب 73/4% و 81/4% برای نمونهی گرگان و سردشت بود. در هر دو نمونه سه اسید چرب ضروری شناسایی شد که بیشترین مقدار مربوط به لینولنیک اسید، به میزان 43/105 و 97/148 (میلیگرم اسیدچرب به گرم روغن)، پس از آن لینولئیک اسید به میزان 13/30 و 31/39 (میلیگرم اسیدچرب به گرم روغن) و کمترین مقدار مربوط به آراشیدونیک اسید به میزان 16/5 و 30/8 (میلیگرم اسیدچرب به گرم روغن)، به ترتیب برای نمونه گرگان و سردشت بود.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: نتایج حاصل نشان می دهد که میزان اسیدهای چرب ضروری در نمونه سردشت بیشتر از نمونه گرگان میباشد که بیانگر آن است که میزان روغن و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب روغن خرفه ممکن است تحت تاثیر شرایط آب و هوایی محل رویش آن باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A study on the catalytic activity of a new acidic ordered mesoporous silica (SBA-15)
Kayvan Habibi Manouchehr Mamaghani Mohammad Nikpassand -
Open Access Article
32 - Sulfonated porous carbon catalyzed esterification of free fatty acids
Arash Shokrolahi Abbas Zali Hamid Pouretedal -
Open Access Article
33 - Effect of Metabolic Stress on Ovarian Activity and Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cattle: A Review
م. فرمان س. ناندی و. گریش کومار س.ک. تریپاسی پ.س.پ. گوپتا -
Open Access Article
34 - ترکیب اسید چرب داخل عضلانی ماهیچه Longissimus گوسالههای از شیر گرفته نشده نژاد Minhota در سن کشتار متفاوت
جی.پی. آرایجو پی. پیرس جی.ل. سرکواِیرا م. باروس ت. مورنومحصولات گوشتی از 16 نژاد گاو پرتقالی ارزش اقتصادی و فرهنگی بالایی برای جمعیتهای بومی نشان میدهد. در این میان، Minhota یکی از مهمترینها در توانایی تولید گوشت واقع در شمال غربی کشور است. این نژاد برای کیفیت گوشت بالا استفاده میشود. این مطالعه تاثیر سن کشتار، گوشت گوسا Moreمحصولات گوشتی از 16 نژاد گاو پرتقالی ارزش اقتصادی و فرهنگی بالایی برای جمعیتهای بومی نشان میدهد. در این میان، Minhota یکی از مهمترینها در توانایی تولید گوشت واقع در شمال غربی کشور است. این نژاد برای کیفیت گوشت بالا استفاده میشود. این مطالعه تاثیر سن کشتار، گوشت گوساله (6 ماهه) و گاو (9 ماهه) و جنس، پرورش یافته در سیستم تولید سنتی، روی ترکیب اسید چرب داخل عضلانی ماهیچه longissimus و کیفیت تغذیه را شرح میدهد. نمونههایی از ماهیچهlongissimus thoracis برای ترکیب اسید چرب چربی درون ماهیچهای از 41 گاو نژاد Minhota آنالیز شدند. گوساله شیرگیری نشده (22) و گاو (19)، مربوط به نرها (n=25) و مادهها (n=16) آنالیز شدند. هر دو گروه از حیوانات در یک سیستم تولیدی سنتی پرورش یافتهاند. گوشت نژاد Minhota یک منبع ارزشمند از اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع، خصوصاً اسیدهای چرب C-20 و C-22 n-3 در جیره انسانی است. یک نسبت n-6:n-3 پایین نشان میدهد که چربی در این نژاد ارزش تغذیهای خوبی دارد. تفاوتها در ترکیب چربی از گوساله و گاو میتواند به این واقعیت که مکیدن مادری (maternal suckling) در حیوانات جوانتر مهمتر است نسبت داده شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - اثرات آمیختهگری بر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب در بزهای بومی قزوینی
م.ح. هادی-تواتری ا. رشیدی ح. جهانی-عزیزآبادی م. رزمکبیردر این مطالعه پروفایل اسیدهای چرب ماهیچه longissimus lumborum (LL) بزغالههای نر سه گروه ژنوتیپی بزهای بومی استان قزوین (Q، 10=n)، آمیختههای بومی قزوین× سانن (QS، 10=n) و (بومی قزوین×سانن)×سانن (QSS، 9=n) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همه بزغالهها در سن 75 ر Moreدر این مطالعه پروفایل اسیدهای چرب ماهیچه longissimus lumborum (LL) بزغالههای نر سه گروه ژنوتیپی بزهای بومی استان قزوین (Q، 10=n)، آمیختههای بومی قزوین× سانن (QS، 10=n) و (بومی قزوین×سانن)×سانن (QSS، 9=n) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همه بزغالهها در سن 75 روزگی از شیر گرفته شده بودند و با جیرهای حاوی 30 درصد یونجه و 75 درصد کنسانتره تغذیه شدند. بزغالهها در سن 130 روزگی ذبح شده و بلافاصله از ماهیچه LL آنها نمونهها جمعآوری گردید. دادهها با استفاده از تجزیه واریانس یکطرفه و روش GLM آنالیز شد. مجموع تغییرات پروفایل اسیدهای چرب گروههای ژنتیکی از طریق تجزیه تشخیص کانونی (CDA) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. تفاوت میانگین چربی درون ماهیچهای (0.94=Q، QS=2.01 و 1.05=QSS، گرم در 100 گرم گوشت)، اسیدهای چرب اشباع (SFA، Q=40.78، QS=25.43 و 36.9=QSS)، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع با چندین باند مضاعف (PUFA، 99/12=Q، 89/13=QS و 41/22=QSS)، کل اسید لینولئیک مزدوج (CLA، Q=10.2، QS=2.32 و 1.02=QSS) و اسیدهای چرب مفید (73.63=Q، 67.18=QS و 74.87=QSS) معنیدار بود (0.05>P). همچنین نسبتهای PUFA:SFA و C18:2,n-6:C18:2,n-3 درگروههای ژنتیکی معنیدار بود (0.05>P). گروههای ژنتیکی توسط روش CDA و بر اساس کل اسیدهای چرب موجود در چربی داخل ماهیچه LL در دسته بندیهای متفاوت قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که آمیختهگری دارای اثر معنیدار (0.05>P) بر تغییرات پروفایل اسیدهای چرب ماهیچه LL بزغالهها بود و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب ماهیچه LL بزغالههای آمیخته نسبت به بزغالههای بومی استان قزوین کیفیت بهتری داشت. بر اساس شرایط این آزمایش آمیختهگری میتواند استراتژی مناسبی برای تولید گوشت بز با غلظت بالایی از اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع با جنبههای مفید برای سلامتی مصرفکننده باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of Dietary and Animal Factors on Milk Fatty Acids Composition of Grazing Dairy Cows: A Review
A.I. Roca Fernandez A. Gonzalez Rodriguez -
Open Access Article
37 - مروری بر اثرات متابولیسمی اسیدهای چرب با چند باند دوگانه بر مرغها
ب. نوبدشاد م. رویان ع. اخلاقیمرغ به عنوان مدلی مناسب برای مطالعات متابولیسم لیپید مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، زیرا تغییرات جیرهای به ویژه نوع چربی جیره میتوانند ترکیب بدن مرغ را تغییر دهند. چربیها به عنوان منبعی از انرژی و برخی اسیدهای چرب نظیر اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه (PUFAs) مورد Moreمرغ به عنوان مدلی مناسب برای مطالعات متابولیسم لیپید مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است، زیرا تغییرات جیرهای به ویژه نوع چربی جیره میتوانند ترکیب بدن مرغ را تغییر دهند. چربیها به عنوان منبعی از انرژی و برخی اسیدهای چرب نظیر اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه (PUFAs) مورد نیاز حیوان و انسان عمل می­نمایند. اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه از نوع n-3، به خصوص اسید آیکوزاپنتوانوئیک (EPA) و اسید دوکوزاهگزاانوئیک (DHA) اثرات مطلوب شناخته شده­ای بر سلامت انسان دارند. اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه از نوع n-3 به عنوان محرکهای با منشاء غذایی اکسیداسیون اسید چرب عمل نموده و مهار کننده برگشتی سنتز اسیدهای چرب جدید هستند. این سازوکارهای تنظیمی نه تنها میزان لیپید کبد و ترشح لیپوپروتئین با چگالی خیلی پایین (VLDL) را کاهش می­دهند، بلکه مقادیر اضافه اسیدهای چرب بلند زنجیر با چند پیوند دوگانه را که ممکن است منجر به تنش اکسیداسیونی یا آسیب رساندن با یکپارچگی غشاء شوند را از غشاء سلولی حذف می­نمایند. این مقاله به اختصار به مهمترین اثرات متابولیکی اسیدهای چرب با چند پیوند دوگانه در مرغ می­پردازد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Effect of Different Levels of Chromium Methionine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Oxidative Stability and Ruminal Metabolites of Male Goat Kids
A. Emami A. Zali M. Ganjkhanlou A. Hozhabri A. Akbari Afjani -
Open Access Article
39 - Olive Cake and Barley Malt Rootlets in Hen Diets to Improve Egg Lipids and Fatty Acids
S.M. Hashish L.D. Abd El-Samee -
Open Access Article
40 - مقایسه پروفیل اسیدهای چرب لیپیدهای زرده تخم مرغهای بومی و تجاری
ع. کیانی م.ح. قارونیمصرف کنندگان معمولاً تخم مرغهای تولیدی از مرغان بومی را به تخم مرغهای تولیدی نژادهای تجاری ترجیح میدهند. در پژوهش حاضر پروفیل اسیدهای چرب لیپیدهای زرده تخم مرغهای توده بومی (بومی ، تعداد 20 عدد) با تخم مرغهای تجاری (تجاری، تعداد 20 عدد) مقایسه شد. تخم مرغهای بوم Moreمصرف کنندگان معمولاً تخم مرغهای تولیدی از مرغان بومی را به تخم مرغهای تولیدی نژادهای تجاری ترجیح میدهند. در پژوهش حاضر پروفیل اسیدهای چرب لیپیدهای زرده تخم مرغهای توده بومی (بومی ، تعداد 20 عدد) با تخم مرغهای تجاری (تجاری، تعداد 20 عدد) مقایسه شد. تخم مرغهای بومی و تجاری به ترتیب از مرغان بومی لری در شرایط روستایی و مزرعه تجاری مرغ تخمگذار تهیه شد. اسیدهای چرب تخم مرغها به وسیله دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی تعیین شد. وزن تخم مرغان بومی (7/47 گرم) به طور معنیداری کمتر از وزن تخم مرغان تجاری (6/59 گرم) بود. کل اسیدهای چرب در تخم مرغهای بومی و تجاری به ترتیب با 7/27 و6/28 گرم در 100 گرم زرده تفاوت معنیداری نداشت. تخم مرغهای بومی مقدار بیشتری اسید دکوزاهگزونیک (DHA, C22:6n3) ، اسید آلفا-لینولئیک (ALA, C18:3n3)، و اسید اولئیک (C18:1n9) و در مقابل مقدار کمتری اسید لینولئیک (C18:2n6) در مقایسه با تخم مرغهای تجاری داشت. تخم مرغ بومی دارای مقدار بیشتری اسیدهای چرب امگا-3 و اما دارای مقدار کمتری اسیدهای چرب امگا-6 نسبت به تخم مرغ تجاری بود. در نتیجه، نسبت اسیدهای چرب امگا-6 به امگا-3 در تخم مرغهای بومی (1/8) در مقایسه با تخم مرغهای تجاری (4/17) کمتر بود که میتواند نشان دهنده سالمتر بودن تخم مرغهای بومی نسبت به تخم مرغهای تجاری برای مصرف کنندگان باشد. Manuscript profile -
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41 - In vitro Evaluation of Oil Releasing Extent from a Calcium Salt of Fatty Acids in Different Sites of Gastrointestinal Tract
P. Peravian H. Mirzaei-Alamouti M. Dehghan-Banadaky H. Amanlou M. Vazirigohar H. Khalilvandi P. Rezamand -
Open Access Article
42 - Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Nutrient Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation of Holstein Cows
R.J. Tseu L.L.C. Paucar F. Perna Junior R.F. Carvalho R.G.S. Nogueira E.C.O. Cassiano D.C.Z. Vasquez L.A.R. Solórzano P.H.M. Rodrigues -
Open Access Article
43 - پروفایل اسید چرب در شیر گاوهای جرسی تغذیه شده با علوفه سبز یا خشک
ر. اورتگا پرز ای. پالاسیوس مچتنوو اُ. آرجونا لوپز ا. پالاسیوس اسپینوزا ب. موریلو آمادور ا. گیلن تروجیلو ج.ل. اسپینوزا ویلاویسنسیوهدف از این مطالعه تعیین غلظت اسیدهای چرب (FA) خصوصاً اسیدهای چرب ترانس و لینولئیک کونژوگه شده در شیر گاوهای جرسی تغذیه شده با یونجه سبز (GA) یا یونجه خشک (AH) بود. 40 گاو جرسی با رکورد گوساله­زایی دو تا پنج، روز شیردهی 60 تا 90 و غیرآبستن در یک سیستم تولیدی محدود اس Moreهدف از این مطالعه تعیین غلظت اسیدهای چرب (FA) خصوصاً اسیدهای چرب ترانس و لینولئیک کونژوگه شده در شیر گاوهای جرسی تغذیه شده با یونجه سبز (GA) یا یونجه خشک (AH) بود. 40 گاو جرسی با رکورد گوساله­زایی دو تا پنج، روز شیردهی 60 تا 90 و غیرآبستن در یک سیستم تولیدی محدود استفاده شدند. در یک تیمار (20GA n=) گاوها با یونجه سبز تازه خرد شده و کنسانتره تجاری تغذیه شدند. در تیمار دیگر (20AH n=)، گاوها با یونجه خشک و کنسانتره تجاری مشابه تغذیه شدند. یک نمونه شیر (10 میلیلیتر) از هر گاو جمع­آوری شد. لیپید کل، اسیدهای چرب استریفه شده متیله (FA)، و اسیدهای لینولئیک کونژوگه شده (CLA) توسط کروماتوگرافی تعیین شدند. مقدار اسیدهای چرب اشباع، تک­گانه و چندگانه غیر اشباع بین تیمارها مشابه بود (05/0P>). محتوای اسیدهای چرب امگا 3 و امگا 6، همچنین نسبت امگا 6: امگا 3 توسط نوع علوفه تحت تأثیر قرار نگرفتند (P>0.05). با این حال، غلظتهای اسید ترانس واکسینیک (P<0.01)، اسید رامنیک (P<0.01)، کل اسیدهای چرب ترانس (P<0.001) و CLA تام (P<0.01) در گاوهای تغذیه شده با GA بالاتر بودند. ما نتیجه گرفتیم که مصرف یونجه خرد شده سبز در گاوهای جرسی تولید CLA و اسید واکسینیک ترانس 18:1 n-7 trans-11 در شیر را افزایش میدهد. Manuscript profile -
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44 - The Effects of Replacement of Soybean Meal by Mechanically-Processed Sesame Meal on Performance and Milk Fatty Acids Profile in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows
V. Ashjae A. Taghizadeh Y. Mehmannavaz A. Nobakht -
Open Access Article
45 - ترکیب شیمیایی، پروفیل اسیدهای چرب و ارزش زیستی تانن در هستههای خرمای منتخب در ایران
آ. رضایینیا ع.ع. ناصریان ا. مختارپوراین مطالعه به منظور بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب هسته­های شش واریته غالب خرما پرورش یافته در ایران شامل برهی، استعمران، مضافتی، خاصی، خرک و زاهدی و اثرات زیستی تانن آنها به صورت تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی انجام گرفت. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD)، انرژی قا Moreاین مطالعه به منظور بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و پروفایل اسیدهای چرب هسته­های شش واریته غالب خرما پرورش یافته در ایران شامل برهی، استعمران، مضافتی، خاصی، خرک و زاهدی و اثرات زیستی تانن آنها به صورت تولید گاز در شرایط برون تنی انجام گرفت. قابلیت هضم ماده آلی (OMD)، انرژی قابل متابولیسم (ME) و غلظت اسیدهای چرب کوتاه زنجیر (SCFA) پس از 24 ساعت کشت با و بدون استفاده از پلی اتیلن گلیکول (PEG) تخمین زده شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تمام واریته­های هسته خرما حاوی مقادیر بالای فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF)، عصاره اتری و کل ترکیبات فنولی بودند که دامنه تغییر آنها به ترتیب برابر با 689 تا 782، 82 تا 118 و 41 تا 110 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک بود. ولی، دارای سطوح پایین پروتئین خام (50 تا 69 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و خاکستر (10 تا 26 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) بودند. کروماتوگرافی گازی نشان داد که اسید چرب غیر اشباع اصلی اسید اولئیک (13/40 تا 35/46 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود، درحالی که اسید چرب اشباع اصلی اسید لوریک (96/20 تا 25/26 گرم در 100 گرم اسید چرب) بود. بجز استعمران، همه واریته­ها دارای OMD (کمتر از 334 گرم در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) و ME (کمتر از 1/4 مگاژول در کیلوگرم ماده خشک) پایین بودند. استفاده از PEG حجم گاز تولیدی، OMD، ME و SCFA را افزایش داد (05/0P<) که نشان دهنده اثر ممانعت کنندگی تانن­های هسته خرما بر تخمیر میکروبی است. کل تانن با ارزش تغذیه­ای (OMD و ME) هسته­های خرما همبستگی منفی داشت. می­توان نتیجه­گیری کرد که با وجود قابلیت هضم و انرژی قابل متابولیسم پایین، هسته خرما بدلیل وجود مقادیر زیاد کربوهیدرات­ ساختمانی و عصاره اتری ممکن است به عنوان منبع دیگری از خوراک تلقی گردد. Manuscript profile -
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46 - Effect of Tannins and Monensin on Rumen Fermentation and Feed Energy Partitioning of Nellore Cows
R.J. Tseu F. Perna Junior R.F. Carvalho G.A. Sene C.B. Tropaldi A.H. Peres F. Dos Anjos P.H.M. Rodrigues -
Open Access Article
47 - اثر کنجاله منداب جیرهای روی پروفایل اسید چرب لاشه
M.R. Yossifovموضوع این مطالعه تعیین اثرات تغذیه کنجالههای منداب (27 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک) و آفتابگردان به عنوان مکمل-های پروتئینی روی ترکیب اسید چرب، پروفایل (نسبتها و شاخصها)، فعالیت آنزیمی لاشه در برههای تغذیه شده با جیره-های بر پایه دانه غلات بود. در این آزمایش، همچنین ارتبا Moreموضوع این مطالعه تعیین اثرات تغذیه کنجالههای منداب (27 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک) و آفتابگردان به عنوان مکمل-های پروتئینی روی ترکیب اسید چرب، پروفایل (نسبتها و شاخصها)، فعالیت آنزیمی لاشه در برههای تغذیه شده با جیره-های بر پایه دانه غلات بود. در این آزمایش، همچنین ارتباط بین اسید چرب هضم شده و اسید چرب لاشه بررسی شد. نمونهها از برهها نر پروار (جمعیت سنتتیک شیری بلغاری با سن 146 روز و وزن بدن پایانی 91/0±95/36 کیلوگرم) با دو تیمار جیره-ای یکسان از نظر انرژی، پروتئین و نسبت کلسیم به فسفر به دست آمدند. تیمارهای جیرهای شامل گروه شاهد (حاوی کنجاله آفتابگردان) و آزمایشی (حاوی کنجاله منداب) بودند. چربی لاشه برای پروفایل اسید چرب مورد آنالیز قرار گرفتند. حیوانات تغذیه شده با کنجاله منداب به طور معنیداری (01/0P<) عملکرد (8/38 در مقابل 1/35 کیلوگرم) و وزن نصف لاشه (26/5 در مقابل 67/4 کیلوگرم) بالاتری بودند. کنجاله منداب در مقایسه با کنجاله آفتابگردان، C18:3 (01/0P<) و C18:3 / CLA(05/0P<) را افزایش ولی نسبت C18:2 / C18:3(01/0P<) را کاهش داد. همبستگی بالا و خوبی بین اسید چرب جیرهای هضم شده و اسید چرب لاشه مشاهده شد (05/0P<). نتیجه اینکه، تغذیه حیوانات با کنجاله منداب به عنوان یک روش برای اصلاح اسیدهای چرب لاشه، کاهش مقدار اسیدهای چرب اشباع و اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع با چندین پیوند دوگانه و افزایش اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع با یک پیوند دوگانه، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع و مفید لاشه پیشنهاد میشود. Manuscript profile -
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48 - اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه و جنسیت بر ترکیب اسیدهای چرب لاشه برههای نژاد بوتسیکو
V. Alexandridis B. Skapetas D. Kantas P. Goulas A. Eleptheriadouهدف از مطالعه، بررسی اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو یونان است. 20 بره (شامل 10 نر و 10 ماده) مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. برهها در سن 48 روزگی کشتار شدند. هرکدام از لاشهها به 5 بخش تقسیم شدند و یک نمونه تصادفی Moreهدف از مطالعه، بررسی اثر وزن پیش از کشتار، وزن لاشه، سن کشتار و جنسیت بر پروفایل اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو یونان است. 20 بره (شامل 10 نر و 10 ماده) مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. برهها در سن 48 روزگی کشتار شدند. هرکدام از لاشهها به 5 بخش تقسیم شدند و یک نمونه تصادفی 100 گرمی از هر کدام از این بخشها برداشت گردید (مجموعاً 180 نمونه). از هر کدام از این نمونهها یک نمونه 2 گرمی جهت استخراج چربی و تخلیص آنزیم متیل استراز اسید چرب، اخذ گردید. جهت پیشبینی رابطه سن، جنسیت و وزن با اسیدهای چرب اشباع (SFA)، اسیدهای چرب غیر اشباع یگانه (MUFA) و اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه (PUFA)، از یک آنالیز مسیر استفاده شده و همه معادلات تابعیت به طور همزمان مورد آزمون قرار گرفتند. فرض شده است که سن کشتار اثری غیرمستقیم از طریق وزن پیش از کشتار و وزن لاشه دارد. نتایج نشان میدهد که مدلی که از وزن کشتار به جای وزن لاشه استفاده میکند، بهتر میتواند ترکیب اسیدهای چرب برههای نژاد بوتسیکو را پیشبینی نماید. با در نظرّ گرفتن ارزش غذایی گوشت گوسفند برای انسان، نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه به اسیدهای چرب اشباع نسبتاً پایین بوده ولی نسبت اسیدهای چرب غیراشباع چندگانه اُمگا 6 به اًمگا 3 برای تغذیه سالم انسان در سطح قابل قبولی بوده است. بهترین ترکیب اسیدهای چرب در دست و پا، کتف و شانه دیده شده است. میتوان اینگونه نتیجهگیری کرد که تولیدکنندگان میتوانند سن کشتار را افزایش دهند ولی در این کار بایستی جیره به نحوی تغییر داده شود که با حداقل هزینه همراه باشد تا از این طریق تولید و بهرهوری آن بهبود یافته و همزمان کیفیت گوشت برهها نیز حفظ گردد. Manuscript profile -
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49 - Influence of drought stress and Chitosan on fatty acid compounds of rapeseed varieties
Morteza Rezaeizadeh Saeid Sayfzadeh Amir Hossein Shirani Rad Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh -
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50 - Effects of penconazole on hormonal crosstalk and fatty acids from salt-stressed safflower
Fatemeh Shaki Vahid Niknam Hasan Ebrahimzadeh Maboud -
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51 - Physicochemical changes in olive oil (cv. Koroneiki) due to fruit ripening and extraction method.
Akram Salmani Esmaeil Seifi Mahdi Alizadeh Aman Mohammad Ziaiifar Hossein Fereydooni -
Open Access Article
52 - Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Seed Oil in Some Halophyte species
Simin Sajjadi Shahr Babaki Hossein Ali Asadi-GharnehSalinity is one of the most important issues that significantly reduce the area of arable land and also the amount of production and product quality. Identification and domestication of salinity-resistant plant species which have economic value is an important strategy. MoreSalinity is one of the most important issues that significantly reduce the area of arable land and also the amount of production and product quality. Identification and domestication of salinity-resistant plant species which have economic value is an important strategy. This study was conducted for evaluation of oil percent and fatty acids content in some wild halophyte’s plants. The results showed that the highest percentage of oil (14.20%) was obtained in Salicornia saline plant and the lowest amount (2.65%) was obtained in Halostachys caspica salinity plant. The highest levels of palmitic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid were observed in Halostachys caspica. The highest amount of linoleic acid was obtained in Salicornia, Anabasis setifera and prickly pear plants and the lowest amount was obtained in Halostachys caspica. The highest total of saturated fatty acids was obtained in Halostachys caspica plant. The highest total of unsaturated fatty acids was observed in Salicornia and saline plants. In general, the results of this study showed that the use of halophyte species as a source of vegetable oil is economical, because these plants do not compete on quality soil and water with conventional crops. In addition, the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids in all studied species except Halostachys caspica was shown to be high and equal to most oilseeds. Due to the ability of these plants to grow in saline soils, they can be used as a resource of oil extraction in this condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of Oil Percent and Fatty Acids Composition of Caper Genotypes in some Southern Regions of Iran
Zahra Zangeneh Hossein Ali Asadi-GharnehCaper (Caparis spinosa L.) is a herbaceous and perennial plants belonging to the Capparidaceae family. The different species of Caparis are valuable plants which have used as a medicine, food and spices. This research was conducted for evaluation of oil percent and fatt MoreCaper (Caparis spinosa L.) is a herbaceous and perennial plants belonging to the Capparidaceae family. The different species of Caparis are valuable plants which have used as a medicine, food and spices. This research was conducted for evaluation of oil percent and fatty acids composition of some caper genotypes in several regions of south Iran. Oil extraction and determination of fatty acids were done by Soxhlet and Gas Chromatography, respectively. The oil percent in studied genotypes varied from 21.10% (Dashte-arzhan genotype) to 29.70% (Noor Abad genotype). In caper seed oils, 12 different fatty acids were identification. The highest amounts of saturated fatty acids were related to palmitic (C16:0) and stearic acids (C18:0). Also, linoleic acid C18:2(n-6), oleic acid C18:1(n-9) and plmitoleic acid (C16:1) were the main unsaturated fatty acids. The highest amount of linoleic acid (46.74%), palmitoleic acid (2.93) and oleic acid (37.92%) were observed in Noorabad, Kaskan and Parishan genotypes, respectively. The highest and the least value of unsaturated fatty acids were measured in Saadat-shahr and Ghaleh-sefid genotypes. In over all, according to obtained results, there are noticeable variation were observed among caper genotypes in terms of oil percent and fatty acid components. Seed oils of caper due to possess noticeable unsaturated fatty acids, which are important role on human health can be consideration as plants oil resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Fatty acid composition in Acartia tonsa - South Caspian Sea (Noshahr)
S. Sarkeshikian R. Mousavi NadoushanIn this study, fatty acid profile of Acartia tonsa in the summer and spring of 2015 in the Caspian Sea (Noshahr) was studied. Sampling was performed below the surface of the water by special zooplankton sampling net (100 microns). .Acartia tonsa samples were isolated, f MoreIn this study, fatty acid profile of Acartia tonsa in the summer and spring of 2015 in the Caspian Sea (Noshahr) was studied. Sampling was performed below the surface of the water by special zooplankton sampling net (100 microns). .Acartia tonsa samples were isolated, filtered and frozen for fatty acid examination and composition of fatty acids was investigated by GC/MS instrument. The results showed that total saturated fatty acids in spring and summer were 62% and 31,12% , unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were 23.89% and 26.11% and unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were 14.59% and 23.51%, respectively. Statistical analysis suggested that there was no significant difference between the independent groups of fatty acids in spring and summer except for some of the important fatty acids such as Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Oleic acid, EPA and DHA which were significantly different in two seasons. The reasons for the differences in the composition of fatty acids are probably related to seasonal changes, availability of food resources, and the composition of fatty acids in the food supply and density of phytoplankton species in each season. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Identification of fatty acid contents and study the effects of environmental factors on their seasonal variations in two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay
N. Sajjadi P. EghtesadiFatty acid contents and their seasonal variations studied in Nerita textilis and Turbo coronatus, two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay, in the South east of Iran and northern part of Oman Sea in Indian Ocean. This area provides high rates of primary productivity and MoreFatty acid contents and their seasonal variations studied in Nerita textilis and Turbo coronatus, two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay, in the South east of Iran and northern part of Oman Sea in Indian Ocean. This area provides high rates of primary productivity and so a diverse food source for mollusks. Environmental factors, including temperature, chlorophyll a and salinity measured monthly and their effects on fatty acids variations considered by statistical analysis. By Gas Chromatography twelve and fifteen fatty acids identified in Nerita textilis andTurbo coronatus, respectively. Unsaturated fatty acids dominated over saturated ones in Nerita textilis and oleic acid was the major fatty acid, while saturated fatty acids were dominants in Turbo coronatus and the major fatty acid was palmitic acid. Statistical analysis showed correlation of oleic acid with temperature, gadoleic acid with chlorophyll a and margaric acid with salinity in Nerita textilis , while salinity was the only environmental factor which showed correlation with lignoceric acid in Turbo coronatus . In conclusion it could be finding that the fatty acid contents might be different and also, there could be different effects of environmental factors on fatty acid variations in two species of a class in a common habitat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - A Study on the Effect of Dry Candy Processing on Fatty Acids in Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and their Shelf Life in Cold Conditions
S. Moeini R. Mosavi Nadoshan S. AghayipourThe fatty acid profile of fresh and dry candy fish of Hypophtalmichthys molitirix were identified and effects of the dry candy on them were investigated. In addition, the shelf life of dry candy of the fish was found in cold conditions (3-4ºC). The profile of fatty MoreThe fatty acid profile of fresh and dry candy fish of Hypophtalmichthys molitirix were identified and effects of the dry candy on them were investigated. In addition, the shelf life of dry candy of the fish was found in cold conditions (3-4ºC). The profile of fatty acids in fresh and dry candy samples were identified and measured using a GC instrument equipped with a FID detector. The fatty acid content in initial samples for SFA, MUFA and PUFA were 27/5± 0/2, 46/39± 0/5 and 26/11± 0/1 %, respectively. During a 90-day storage, the percentage changes of dry candy samples were, for SFA (27/82± 0/7 to 33/69± 0/84), MUFA (46/77± 0/2 to 46/39± 0/2) and PUFA (26/11± 0/2 to 17/45± 0/2) which were statistically significant (p>0/05). During the 90 days of storage, temperature was about 3-4ºC, the peroxide changed from 3/08± 0/02 to 6/10± 0/02 and reached 5/48 meq O2kg -1. In conclusion, the shelf life of dry candy flesh of this fish in cold conditions was predicted to be one month. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Identification of fatty acids composition in fresh and frozen silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) for determination of its shelf life at -18ْc
A. R. Najafi N. BeheshtisereshtIn this work, after extraction and methylation of the lipids form silver carp tissues in fresh and frozen stages and their changes during 6 months in -18°C, identification of fatty acids of the samples were done by gas chromatography (Shymatsv HSSA4). Results of thi MoreIn this work, after extraction and methylation of the lipids form silver carp tissues in fresh and frozen stages and their changes during 6 months in -18°C, identification of fatty acids of the samples were done by gas chromatography (Shymatsv HSSA4). Results of this investigation showed that amounts of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in fresh samples were 70/95% and 28/95% respectively. In fresh tissues the amount of oleic acid was 30/16%, and Iino leice amount was 11/44%. Alpfa – lino lenice acide was 4/41%, Gcosapanethanoic was 6/42% and docosa hexanoic was 6/15%. These were the most important poly-saturated fatty acids. But after six months of freezing at -18° c the amounts of these fatty acids decreased to 10/02%, 3/18%, 2/97%, 1/05% and 1/02% respectively. Results showed a decrease in freezing condition of fatty acids. Based on these results, the best storage for frozen fish in -18°C is four months. These results were subjected to tests of Tukey and Analysis of Variance and were significant at the level of 95%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Identification of fatty acids in Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus myksis) marinade in sauce and determination of its shelf life in 90 days
S. Ahmadpour S. Moeini -
Open Access Article
59 - Optimization of L-asparaginase production using native soil-isolated Bacillus sp. and evaluation of its anticancer activity
Forough Rahnamay Roodposhti Leila Asadpour Mahdi Shahriarinour Behnam Rasti Sajjad GharaghaniBackground and Objectives: Bacteria are one of the most important sources of L-asparaginase (ASNase) production which is used as an anticancer agent in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia worldwide. This study aimed to optimize the ASNase production by bacteri MoreBackground and Objectives: Bacteria are one of the most important sources of L-asparaginase (ASNase) production which is used as an anticancer agent in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia worldwide. This study aimed to optimize the ASNase production by bacteria isolated from the soil in northern Iran, and to determine its anti-cancer activity. Materials and Methods: ASNase production by bacterial strains isolated from forest soil samples in Guilan Province, northern Iran was investigated. The optimized condition of enzyme production, kinetics, effect of activators and inhibitors and anticancer activity of the partially purified L-asparaginase against MCF-7 cell lines were studied. Results: A promising ASNase producing isolate, was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Bacillus sp. The glutaminase activity of the enzyme was found to be 5.9 times lower than its asparaginase activity and the enzyme showed affinity for L-asparagine with a Km value and Vmax of 0.055M and 35.71 µM/mL/min, respectively. The current ASNase enzyme was stable from pH 6.5 to 8.5 and stable up to 55°C. ASNase activity was not significantly affected by the presence of two metal ions Na+, K+; Mg2+ showed enhancement in enzyme activity, while Ca2+ decreased it. Anticancer activity of the purified L-asparaginase was detected against MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 of 21µg/ml. Conclusion: The soil isolate Bacillus sp. was identified as a candidate for L-asparaginase production. The future prospect of this enzyme recommends its utility in pharmaceutical and food industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Optimization of fatty acids produced by Candida glabrata isolated frome soil
Elahe Tajedini Mahboobeh Madani Masoud Fouladgar Rasoul Mohammadi Ali Zarei MahmoudabadiBackground & Objectives: Oils extracted from microorganisms (SCO) are preferable to vegetable oils due to containing more gamma-linolenic acid, more stability against oxidation, and less content of residual pesticides. The oils can be used as dietary supplements. Th MoreBackground & Objectives: Oils extracted from microorganisms (SCO) are preferable to vegetable oils due to containing more gamma-linolenic acid, more stability against oxidation, and less content of residual pesticides. The oils can be used as dietary supplements. The aim of this study was molecular identification of lipid-producing yeasts and molds in soil and optimization of fat production by Candida glabrata using the Taguchi design.Materials & Methods: Several yeasts and molds were isolated from the soil samples of groves and near oil change shops and restaurants. Molecular identification was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among them, the highest lipid producers were selected and using the Taguchi design. The best conditions in terms of carbon and nitrogen sources as well as pH for maximum lipid production were determined. The fat obtained was examined by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometer detector (GC-MS).Results: Among the identified species, C. glabrata had the highest lipid production. Production of palmitoleic, palmitic, linoleic, linolenic, and stearic acid was proven in this study. Lipid production in C. glabrata and Mortierella alpina was 6.9 and10.8 grams per litre, respectively.Conclusion: Due to the rapid reproduction in yeasts and their ability to produce fatty acids, C. glabrata is a suitable option for fat production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Nutritional Value and Acceptability of some Selected Forages in the Derived Savanna Zone of Nigeria as Ruminant Feed
Oluwatosin Omotoso Opeyemi Olatunji Olawale Obameso Ayodele Odufoye Adebowale Fajemisin Adebayo Alokan -
Open Access Article
62 - In vitro Gas Production and Fermentation Parameters of Some Plants Species Collected from Algerian Arid Rangelands
Souhil Boufennara Samir Medjekal Lyas Bouazza Amal Hamedellou Ibtissem Bella Nour Elhouda Ayeb Secunino Lopez -
Open Access Article
63 - Effects of Almond Genotype and Growing Location on Oil Percentage and Fatty Acid Composition of its Seeds
M. Abaspour A. Imani T. Hassanlo -
Open Access Article
64 - Determination of Nutritional Value and Oxidative Stability of Fresh Walnut
Najmeh Chatrabnous Navid Yazdani Kourosh Vahdati -
Open Access Article
65 - Oil Content and Fatty Acid Profile of some Pine Nuts Species (Pinus spp.)
Vida Meshgi Hossein Ali Asadi-Gharneh -
Open Access Article
66 - Investigation on nutritional value and fatty acid composition of the black Pomfret Parastromateus niger muscle tissue in Bushehr coasts
Esmaeil Pagheh Mohammad EslamiBlack pomfret is the species with high commercial value in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. This study was aimed to determine nutritional value and fatty acid composition in the muscle of this fish. 12 fish pieces with mean weight 754 gram purchased from Bushehr fishi MoreBlack pomfret is the species with high commercial value in the Persian Gulf and the Oman Sea. This study was aimed to determine nutritional value and fatty acid composition in the muscle of this fish. 12 fish pieces with mean weight 754 gram purchased from Bushehr fishing ground were evaluated. Crude protein, crude lipid, ash and moisture contents were measured using AOAC (1990) standard methods, and fatty acid composition analyzed using Murph (1993) method. The results showed that the mean of crude protein, crude lipid, ash and moisture contents in the meat of this fish was 21.38, 0.25, 1.62 and 72.06 percent respectively. 29 fatty acids identified in the muscle of this species among which saturated fatty acids, mono unsaturated fatty acids and poly unsaturated fatty acids contents were 35.19, 16.73 and 41.24 percent of total fatty acids respectively. The most abundant saturated fatty acids, mono unsaturated fatty acids and poly unsaturated fatty acids were palmitic acid (20.14 percent), oleic acid (11.91 percent) and docosa hexaenoic acid (23.37 percent) respectively. The ω3 to ω6 and poly unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids ratios were 12.9 and 1.20 respectively. The results showed that this species is an excellent source of protein and lean fish but contain high amounts of ω3 and poly unsaturated fatty acids therefore can consume in Iranian families as a safe and nutritious seafood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The effect of gelatin coating on fatty acid and proximate composition of Otlithes ruber(Bloch & schneider,1801) during refrigerated-storage(4 ± 1 ° C)
mahboobeh hassanzadehThe protective properties of gelatin have caused it to be used as a strong coating for fish, which are important sources of protein to humans. In this study, the effect of gelatin coating in the composition of the fatty acid and the chemical compounds of the body Weakfi MoreThe protective properties of gelatin have caused it to be used as a strong coating for fish, which are important sources of protein to humans. In this study, the effect of gelatin coating in the composition of the fatty acid and the chemical compounds of the body Weakfishes (Otlithes ruber) were carried out during 20 days of preservation at a temperature of 4 ± 1° C. the treatments included raw, treatment of gelatin and Gelatin-free treatment, for this purpose samples were coated with a concentration of 10 % of gelatin and then they were packed inside plastic bags and stored at 4 c in the laboratory refrigerator. in the days of 0 - 5 - 10 – 15, three replicates and 3 treatments were tested and the index changes were determined by tiobarbitoric acid, peroxide, approximate analysis, fatty acids. the results of this study showed that there was no significant difference in body composition influenced by gelatin and other group(P > 0.05). The results of the oxidation index showed that the oxidation rate in samples containing gelatin coating was higher than the observed sample. saturated fatty acids(SFA) were the main class of fatty acids followed by Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA). In general coated slices (CS) had higher content of EPA and DHA when compared to non-coated slices (NCS). The results of the beneficial effects of gelatin as a natural and safe cover in fish meat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Physicochemical and Organoleptic Properties of Lighvan Cheese Fortified with Protulaca Oleracea Seed Oil
Majid Keyvani Marzieh Bolandi -
Open Access Article
69 - The Effect of Aluminium on Antibacterial Properties and the Content of Some Fatty Acids in Microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris Beijernick, under Heterotrophic and Autotrophic Conditions
Hossein Abbaspour Sahar Soleymanian -
Open Access Article
70 - Evaluation of Medical Metabolites in Boraginaceae Family
Golnaz Taravati Nahid Masoudian Asadollah Gholamian -
Open Access Article
71 - The Influence of Fish Oil Supplementation on the Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Radhwan M. Hussein Adil Tawfeeq Mohammed Duha Mahdi Hussein Ali Abdulhussain Fadhil Muzahem Shallal Al-Ani Suhail Bayati Ahmed Abbas Sahib -
Open Access Article
72 - Comparative Study of Pituitary Extract, LHRH, and Thyroxine on Sex steroids, Histochemistry and (Labeo rohita) Producing Fatty Acids
Ehsan Eslamizadeh Hadideh Mabudi Laleh Roomiani Mehran Javaheri Baboli Mojdeh Cheleh Mal Dezfooli NezhadThis study aimed at assessing the comparative effect of pituitary hormones, LHRH, and thyroxine on hormonal indices and ovarian fatty acids of Labeo rohita. Blood samples were taken before injection, between the first and second injection, after the second injection and MoreThis study aimed at assessing the comparative effect of pituitary hormones, LHRH, and thyroxine on hormonal indices and ovarian fatty acids of Labeo rohita. Blood samples were taken before injection, between the first and second injection, after the second injection and after ovulation, using a 5 ml plastic syringe from the tail stem. According to the measurement results, at the time between the first and second injections, after the second injection and after ovulation, the levels of estradiol, testosterone, 17-alpha hydroxy progesterone, cortisol and LH reached their peak levels in the pituitary and treatment receiving 50 μg dose had the lowest body weight in treatments receiving LHRH and control (P <0.05). Among thyroxine-receiving treatments, increasing thyroxine levels could significantly increase the hormones stimulating the maturation process (P <0.05). Pituitary receiving treatment and thyroxine receiving 50 μg per body weight had the highest amount of ovarian protein (P <0.05), with 16.70 and 15.99% dry weight and two LHRH and control treatments had the lowest ovarian protein level (P <0.05). Regarding fat, thyroxine-receiving treatments had a significantly higher amount compared to pituitary, LHRH, and control (P <0.05). The highest amount of saturated fatty acids (ΣSUF) with values of 63.15 and 58.73% of dry weight to the pituitary receiving treatment and receiving 50 μg per body weight and the lowest amount of this parameter with 54.55 and 50.14% dry weight belonged to the control and LHRH recipient, respectively. C17: 1 and C18: 1n9c fatty acids in the range of 3.43-4.77 and 3.28-5.40% of dry weight and C24: 1n9 fatty acids in the range of 0.03-0.18% by dry weight had the highest and lowest levels of unsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUF), respectively. Both pituitary and 50 μg treatments of thyroxine had higher total omega-6 (Σω6) and 3 (Σω3) fatty acids (P <0.05). The results of the present study revealed that pituitary hormone followed by thyroxine at a dose of 50 μg per body weight compared to low doses of thyroxine and LHRH were more effective in increasing the level of sex hormones involved in the process of sexual maturation and the combination of acids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Relation of Chemical Blend, Diet Fatty Acids and Filet of Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Growth Period
M. Salehi M. Ghaeni M. Javaheri BabeliIn this survey, the influence of protein diminution and increscent of diet lipid on chemical blend and fatty acids of filet (in three weights, 10-25 gr, 25-75 gr and 130-300 gr) in Oncorhynchus mykiss was studied. Accordingly, between the total length, and standard leng MoreIn this survey, the influence of protein diminution and increscent of diet lipid on chemical blend and fatty acids of filet (in three weights, 10-25 gr, 25-75 gr and 130-300 gr) in Oncorhynchus mykiss was studied. Accordingly, between the total length, and standard length and the weight of three filets, there was a great difference (P >0.05). The maximum amount of protein (18.6%) found in 150-250 gr filets and its lipid was 2.3%. The minimum amount of protein (17.05%) was measured in 15-25 gr filets with 46.2% lipid. The maximum amount of ash in 150-250 gr size was 1%, and its minimum amount was measured in 50-70 gr size as 0.53%. As for the saturated fatty acids (MUFA), the maximum amounts were measured in the filet of 150-250 gr fishes, and its minimum amount was found in the filet of 15-25 gr fishes (P>0.05). In fatty acids (PUFA), the maximum amounts of these acids were measured in filet of 150-250 gr fishes, and its minimum amount was in filet of 15-25 gr as (0.27%). This proportion (DHA/EPA) showed that the increase of size of fish is caused this proportion to be increased. The diminution of diet protein had no negative effect on the growth of fish, and as for the cost of protein, it can be decreased in diet and replaced with lipid. O. mykiss especially, 130-300 gr filets because of having valuable protein and fatty acids, in contrast to two another filets (15-25 gr and 50-70 gr) are very valuable in feeding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative oil and Grain yield in Camelina sativa L. as a medicinal plant
firouzeh Khalatbari Mokaram hamidreza Chaghazardi danial Kahrizi hossain Rostami AhmadvandiThe use of organic fertilizers is very important in sustainable agriculture. Accordingly, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the Camelina sativa (DH1025 line) plant response to chemical and organic (sheep and cattle manure) fertilizers. And their impact on quanti MoreThe use of organic fertilizers is very important in sustainable agriculture. Accordingly, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the Camelina sativa (DH1025 line) plant response to chemical and organic (sheep and cattle manure) fertilizers. And their impact on quantitative and qualitative yields. The experiment was carried out based on a complete randomized design with 5 replications in fall 2016 in the village of Zalkah, Mahedasht, Kermanshah Province, Iran. The experiment was carried out in 4 treatments including: control (without fertilizer), full fertilizer (150 kg ha-1), sheep and cow manure (both 50 tons per hectare). In this research, quantitative and qualitative yields and biochemical traits were evaluated. The results of data analysis showed that the use of cow manure had a significant effect on grain yield. There was a significant difference between fertilizer treatments on fatty acids. The cow manure indicated the highest effect palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and arachidic acid which was 1.8%, 8%, 0.81%,6/6% respectively. The cow manure fertilizer showed the lowest effect on stearic acid( 4.57% lower than the control). Also, cow manure treatment reduced the amount of Erusic acid to 12.93% lower than the control, which is a significant nutritional result. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Investigating the effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid on sesame yield in Gorgan
مریم Taheri Nejad حسین Ajamnourozi محمدرضا AjamnouroziIn order to determine the effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid consumption on the yield and yield components of sesame in the delayed planting date, an experiment was conducted in the research farm of Iraqi Mahalle station in the crop MoreIn order to determine the effect of foliar application of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid consumption on the yield and yield components of sesame in the delayed planting date, an experiment was conducted in the research farm of Iraqi Mahalle station in the crop year of 2022. This research was carried out as a completely randomized block design with 9 treatments in 3 replications in the research farm of the Iraqi Mahalle. In each plot, 5 rows were planted, the distance between rows was 40 cm and the distance between replications was 3 meters. The studied traits included plant height, harvest index, seed yield, thousand seed weight and biological yield. The results obtained from this study showed that the treatment with humic acid + micronutrient, control and control + irrigation fertilizer + humic acid fertilizer had the highest biological performance, and the lowest biological performance was related to humic acid irrigation fertilizer and irrigation fertilizer + micronutrient. Also, the weight of one thousand seeds in the control group and the eighth treatment was significantly lower compared to other treatments. These results show that the use of micronutrient fertilizers and humic acid could significantly increase the weight of a thousand seeds. Finally, the seed yield was significantly higher in control, control + humic acid seed, and control + humic acid seed + micronutrient than other treatments. These results show that application of humic acid has better effects on grain yield than other treatments. Manuscript profile
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