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Open Access Article
1 - Good Governance: Equilibrated Ecology
Gh. Memarzadeh J. Jassbi N. NafariGood governance is a common subject on development of countries. Economic, political and socialauthors and thinkers during two recent decades faced various comments on good governance. Any ofthem defines good governance with particular dimensions and characteristics.Thi MoreGood governance is a common subject on development of countries. Economic, political and socialauthors and thinkers during two recent decades faced various comments on good governance. Any ofthem defines good governance with particular dimensions and characteristics.This paper aimed to briefly review the literature of this subject and provides definitions of governanceusing a fresh view point and presents a novel model of good governance.Using two concepts of "ecology "and "decision making" there fore, this paper focuses on three majorcharacteristics, that’s "efficiency", "effectiveness" and "equilibrium of ecologic"This paper supposes good governance as a multi – face or plural concept including all aspects ofauthorizing and power. Each aspect of efficiency and effectiveness in this point is divided in toadministrative, economic, political and social components which indicating the focus of this paper onpluralism of governance. Characteristics and Indices are also presented for any of these components.Plotting the two dimensional diagram aims to show balances of efficiency and effectiveness andstudies various balances of countries ecological texture and categorizes them regarding to abovediagram and analyzes the governance condition in four different states through diagram. It finallyrecommends strategies to hold balance between two aforesaid aspects owing to different status ofgovernance in terms of balance line.This paper concludes that good governance is result of keeping balance between efficiency andeffectiveness along with continuous development of them and moving towards the higher levels ofbalance line. In other words, development is result of balance of rising trend of efficiency andeffectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - News as Discourse; Representation or Reflection, Persuasive Intentions and News Style
Teja MirfakhraieeThe theoretical framework of this article is taken from Teun A. Van Dijk; News as Discourse, where analysis discourse is not seen as simply a method for news analysis but rather news texts are studied as a specific type of communicative and discursive act, in a wider so MoreThe theoretical framework of this article is taken from Teun A. Van Dijk; News as Discourse, where analysis discourse is not seen as simply a method for news analysis but rather news texts are studied as a specific type of communicative and discursive act, in a wider social and ideological contexts. Van Dijk believes that while news texts use the conventional news style and language, they follow certain persuasive intentions by employing specific rhetorical devices. In social interactions also conventional and appropriate style is used along rhetorical devices to gain specific persuasive intentions. Journalists also have to comply with conventional news style and language to gain legitimacy and persuade their readers about their professional integrity and "news objectivity". But at the same time according to major dominant social and political perceptions journalists use certain rhetorical devices to gain specific persuasive intentions. Therefore some kind of balanced presentation and the usual news language is employed while persuasive intentions are also fulfilled by using implicit textual devices. This article argues that if social agreement in a given society or social situation is very high, the perception of journalist coincides that of all social actors involved in such interactions or news events. But if the situation, as it is the case, most of the time, involve certain conflicting interests and perceptions, journalist are forced to in code specific persuasive intentions that are of ideological origin, while maintaining their journalistic codes of language use and news reporting style. Article by studying a situation of political conflict (just before before it was raised to such antagonistic level of war situations), shows that while France Press used conventional news style, not demonizing Sadam at that time or portraying any kind of image of enemy, delegitimized him and discursively "overthought" him by repeatedly and intentionally avoiding to mention his official credential as the "president of Iraq". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Reading Gender Components in Shopping Centers design in Tehran (Case Studies : Palladium , Koroush , Tirāgeh-2 Shopping Center, and kuwatihaie Reza Passage)
reyhaneh khorrami rouz M ohammad Mnsour Falamaki vida nourouzSocial contexts are the most important areas for space users, and factors such as age, gender, and social class can be studied in this regard. Gender is a social category that has always been influenced by the culture of the community and changes over time and thus diff MoreSocial contexts are the most important areas for space users, and factors such as age, gender, and social class can be studied in this regard. Gender is a social category that has always been influenced by the culture of the community and changes over time and thus differs from the term sex, which refers to this from the point of view of biological and physical differences. Considering the sociality of gender, this paper seeks to study the relationship between gender and space along with the quality surveys of shopping malls as a public urban space so that it is possible to introduce a space with specific components, and also these components can be used in architectural design and as well as the needs of all gender groups in this space can be met. Since studies show that women’s needs are more important because of their responsibilities and limitations and because of their sensitivities, the space they deserve is suitable for both sexes. Therefore; this study focuses on the needs and perceptions of this group.The research method used is a qualitative research method in the form of case studies where Palladium Shopping Center in northern Tehran, Cyrus Shopping Center in the west of Tehran, Tirāgeh-2 Shopping Center in the east of Tehran and Reza Kuwaitis Passage in the south of Tehran have been investigated and observed. These shopping centers were selected in four geographical locations of Tehran for the reason that the results could be generalized to the whole city of Tehran.The results of the analysis of shopping malls space in Tehran provide some indicators that have been considered as effective factors in measuring the desirability and undesirability of space and measuring the effectiveness of space design. This level of space efficiency is one of the qualitative criteria for measuring space because each person seeks to meet their needs in the environment and when the environment provides the right conditions and the individual can do less effort to achieve his goals, it is a satisfaction and desirability for him/her, and the achievement of this feeling in the environment is the expectation that each person expects the space s/he desires.The results indicate that the qualitative components referred to, will cause different users to have different uses of space in terms of gender. But surveying shopping centers in Tehran shows that women are not passive while using space, and sometimes they resist the loss of their rights in urban areas and sometimes actively produce their own items. To create their needed security, they ignore some routes, choose other routes or visit the shopping center in a group. Whether they need to rest in spaces where this need is not foreseen, they use side steps or platforms next to space. These behaviors can be interpreted as the redefinition of space, which varies from person to person depending on their perception of space and their needs. Finally, if space is not reproducible and flexible for necessary uses, they will avoid attending the space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Regional Equilibrium Analysis Based on the Combined Indices of Core-Periphery Theory and Sustainable Tourism (Case Study: Khorasan-e-Razavi Province)
zeinab mirsondosi Behnaz aminzadehOne of the important issues in regional planning is the lack of attention to the inner strengths of the region and, therefore, its dependence on neighboring areas, while it itself has the power and capacity to be an environment for different activities such as tourism. MoreOne of the important issues in regional planning is the lack of attention to the inner strengths of the region and, therefore, its dependence on neighboring areas, while it itself has the power and capacity to be an environment for different activities such as tourism. Studies show little equilibrium in regional development in Iran in the last 50 years and this has created certain problems and issues for the spatial structure of cities and villages. The first step to face this problem is to evaluate a region according to its capacities and the way it benefits from them and then to provide a plan for enhancing or creating regional equilibrium, to help ordering the spatial structure of settlements in the region and to prevent some of the cities to grow unreasonably large. Sustainable tourism is a powerful tool for developing the regions and balancing them to an equilibrium point. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine how to use the sustainable tourism potential of a region in combination with the Core-Periphery planning theory for examining the region and, as a result, bringing it to a regional equilibrium. To this end, the conceptual model of this research and the indicators were developed using the meta-analysis method and then, they were rated using two methods of factor analysis and cluster analysis of Khorasan-e-Razavi province. The regional equilibrium is measured based on the sustainable tourism potential and is presented using the GIS software on the map of the province. The results of the research include providing a conceptual model for measuring regional equilibrium and paying attention to sustainable tourism potential. The research findings in the sample section show that Khorasan-e-Razavi Province does not have a sustainable balance for using the sustainable tourism potential of the province. Positioning Mashhad in the first place and 18 other cities at the lowest levels of tourism indicates an imbalance of the region which acts as a major factor in the collapse of the spatial order of the province on the one hand and causes the rapid and unpredictable growth of Mashhad on the other hand. In other words, tourism acts as an important factor in the collapse of the regional balance. Finally, in order to enhance tourism equilibrium in the province it is suggested that, first, all wealth gained for the province must be distributed in a balanced way, and second, development spread in the Core-Periphery theory is not sufficient on its own and the intervention of planners is also required. Therefore, through proper intervention and planning, planners can help to transfer tourism revenues from core to periphery to balance tourism development all over the province. So, the cities' rating and its spatial map provided in this paper are proper guides for finding the needs of the province by showing the parts in need of more consideration and those that are fertile and will flourish with a brief attention. Moreover, based on the results, some specific suggestions are put forward for enhancing the province equilibrium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Manifestation of Social Justice in the Structure of Islamic City (Neighborhood)
Leila Rahimi Mohammad NaghizadehUtopia, a place that ensures prosperity and happiness of the person's life. It is always stamped in the humanideals. The desire to create an ideal society in the integration of spiritual and material concepts, has taken variousexpressive statements in the form of though MoreUtopia, a place that ensures prosperity and happiness of the person's life. It is always stamped in the humanideals. The desire to create an ideal society in the integration of spiritual and material concepts, has taken variousexpressive statements in the form of thought and civilizations to arise from the text. Utilization of resources andreferences to Islamic principles and values and especially the Holy Quran and tradition of the Prophet and Ali (AS)and infallible narrations can lead us to unique traits and characteristics of Islamic utopia. The Islamic utopia meansthe proper place in life that is recreating acts of God; follow the word of God, shall act establishing objective justiceand appropriate for putting everything in place and creating their own space with appropriate size.The methodology of this paper is based on the documents in the field of social justice and its instances have beendone in architectural and urban issues (city and neighborhood). The structure of research is first on the cognitionof the concept of equity, social justice and the importance of equity in Islamic texts from the viewpoints of utopiathinkers and in the present study, the injustices of the existing cases in elements and contemporary urban spacesand then the realization of social justice in connection with the city and its constituent elements is provided withaspects of the neighborhood and its components.Islam in the realization of social justice goes with the two major principles: Comprehensive unity, proportion,balance and public task between people and communities. To achieve the development of social justice in thecommunity, urban managers need to bind the rights of citizens and balance in the sphere of their lives. The studyof Islamic teachings is provided to identify and develop criteria for community activities, including architecture andurban planning. The most important and most obvious concepts of manifestation of justice in the urban architecturalspaces can be a balance, coordination, size range that is essential their observance not only in the body and urbanspaces, but also keeping all the different aspects of citizens, urban planners and managers are essential. Brieflook at the samples in the works of contemporary urban spaces and neighborhoods indicated a lack of attention tojustice and its instances. Thus the neighborhood as a main member constituting the city can pave the realizationof social justice in their neighborhood by observing the personal and social justice among the inhabitants of theneighborhood and the manifestation of true justice (balance and Coordination) in the neighborhood, spaces andemphasis on the legal rights of individuals and public facilities in urban neighborhoods and local services by localmanagement system. According to this study, this balance in the neighborhoods can be expressed from variousaspects such as special privacy and social privacy, requisite substance and meaning, power of flexibility, selfbalancingin communication within the neighborhood and distribution of neighborhood usages, balance in socialand cultural issues of a specific neighborhood, visual and special balance.... Keywords: Social Justice, Islamic City, Neighborhood, Balance and Coordination Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis Quality of Urban Space with an Audience-Oriented Approach
Homa Hedayat Farah HabibMajor components of space are form, meaning, and function. If these factors have a similarity to the space environment, space will be more successful and efficient. In other words, physical urban space can be imagined as a text which contains meanings. Readers who read MoreMajor components of space are form, meaning, and function. If these factors have a similarity to the space environment, space will be more successful and efficient. In other words, physical urban space can be imagined as a text which contains meanings. Readers who read the text can be imagined as the people living there. All of the above mentioned are Hermeneutics science. One of the most important theories of this approach is related to Georg Gadamer that the present study has been based on it. In his opinion, the aim of Hermeneutics is the combination of horizons, which means the combination of the interpretative horizon and the text horizon. In urban space, the users of space have a deeper and more accurate understanding of the space that the understanding is very difficult for urban designers to access this information. Urban designers need this information to gain a scientific method that provides the correct information. The purpose of this paper is the use of old citizens' recognition to identify the problems in the urban environment to improve it. It has been tried to use this approach in practical use. In this study, "Tajrish square" has been used as a case study. The method used in this study is the qualitative research method. This means that a researcher interprets phenomena in their natural context and analyses the cognition and interpretation of phenomena in people’s views. In this method, the analysis of deep interviews to identify the main issues and its editing has been done in a consistent format. One of the qualitative approaches is grounded theory that includes information gathering, coding (open, axial, selective), and the basis of theory. Tajrish was chosen as the case study because of having a variety of potentials like leisure, tourism, history, religion, and economy. Firstly, ten residents and elders of the Tajrish area were selected as the statistical population for the interview. Similar techniques or flip-flap, different techniques or far out and challenge technique or red flag have been considered to form questions. These three techniques help to find an accurate cognition of Tajrish square. Background, phenomenon, causal factors, action and reaction, intervention factors, and results have been considered to form the questions in grounded theory. After gathering interviews, the analysis of data has been done through coding. Interviews have been done in an accurate way, and after identification of main codes by open coding, the codes arranged by axial coding. After that two major axes are selected by particular coding. These axes include the "life artery" and "identification artery" of Tajrish square. The Life artery includes four main axes (economical, social, functional, and legal context). The Identification artery involves historical, natural, religious, cultural context. after that use context analyses and get the importance of each of them. Furthermore, theBalance theory has been used to collect codes. The main purpose of this research has been divided into two positive and negative groups. In the next step, the kind of relationship and the identification of compatible and incompatible factors lead to presenting guidelines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The study of Urban system of Lorestan province
Taher Parizadi -
Open Access Article
8 - A Hybrid Proximal Point Algorithm for Resolvent operator in Banach Spaces
V. Dadashi M. RabbaniEquilibrium problems have many uses in optimization theory and convex analysis and which is why different methods are presented for solving equilibrium problems in different spaces, such as Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces. The purpose of this paper is to provide a meth MoreEquilibrium problems have many uses in optimization theory and convex analysis and which is why different methods are presented for solving equilibrium problems in different spaces, such as Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces. The purpose of this paper is to provide a method for obtaining a solution to the equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. In fact, we consider a hybrid proximal point algorithm using the resolvent of a maximal monotone operator in Banach space. Under appropriate conditions, we prove the strong convergence of the generated sequence by the algorithm to the zero of the maximal monotone operator. As an application of the main result, and using proved theorems, we can provide a maximal monotone operator for any monotone bifunction so that the zero of the maximal monotone operator is the solution to the equilibrium problem. The results of this paper generalize or improve the obtained results in the various papers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Wolf-type duality for nonsmooth mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints
Ali Ansari ArdaliMathematical program with equilibrium constraints is one of the optimization problems whose constraints are used to model certain equilibria in the applications of engineering sciences and economics. Our main aim in the present paper is to investigate the necessary opti MoreMathematical program with equilibrium constraints is one of the optimization problems whose constraints are used to model certain equilibria in the applications of engineering sciences and economics. Our main aim in the present paper is to investigate the necessary optimality conditions and create a Wolfe type dual problem for such problems. To investigate these conditions, we consider non smooth and non convex optimization problem with equilibrium constraints and suppose that all functions are not necessarily differentiable or convex. For this optimization problem, using the notion of convexificator, which is viewed as a generalization of the idea of subdifferential, we remind some constraint qualifications, stationary conditions, and generalized convexity. Finally, weak duality theorem and strong duality theorem are established under appropriate generalized convexity assumptions and a constraint qualification for an optimization problem with equilibrium constraints based on the notion of convexificators. We also illustrate some of our results by an example. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Numerical solution of the SIR epidemic model using the non-standard finite difference method
Abdulrahman Yaghoubi Hashem Saberi NajafiIn this paper, a special case of the finite difference method which is called non-standard finite difference method is studied for the numerical solution of a mathematical model of epidemic diseases. The constructed non-standard finite difference schemes have the main p MoreIn this paper, a special case of the finite difference method which is called non-standard finite difference method is studied for the numerical solution of a mathematical model of epidemic diseases. The constructed non-standard finite difference schemes have the main properties of the continuous model such as positivity, boundedness, and stability. The stability of the equilibrium points of the system is investigated. The proposed non-standard finite difference schemes are convergent to the equilibrium points of the system. In solving nonlinear problems, one of the important advantages of this method is that nonlinear term discretized with nonlocal approximations. In most cases, non-standard finite difference schemes are stable even when large step sizes are considered. Therefore, using non-standard method will be cost-effective in dynamical systems that are studied over a large time interval. Numerical examples confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the non-standard finite difference method.Keywords: Non-Standard Finite Difference Method, SIR Model, Equilibrium Points. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Existence result for equilibrium problems
Fatemeh LaelAbstractWe establish new sufficient conditions which guarantee existence of solutions of equilibriumProblems:Let K be a nonempty subset of a topological space E and f . The problem of interest, called equilibrium problem, is defined as follows:Find x such that f(x,y)> MoreAbstractWe establish new sufficient conditions which guarantee existence of solutions of equilibriumProblems:Let K be a nonempty subset of a topological space E and f . The problem of interest, called equilibrium problem, is defined as follows:Find x such that f(x,y)>0 for all y: This problem is very general in the sense that it includes, as special cases, complementarityproblems, fixed point problems, minimax problems, Nash equilibrium problem in non-cooperative games, optimization problems and variational inequality problems, to name a few. As a matter of fact, this formulation unifies these problems in a convenient way, and many of the results obtained.Our results are without making any convexity and monotonicity assumptions on the underlying problem data. Our results are based upon the relation between the KKM principle and equilibrium problems through constructing a certain family of subsets of a given Hausdorff topological vector space. We also illustrate our developments and describe applications by adapting our existence results for non-convex minimization problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - An Iterative Scheme for Generalized Equilibrium, Variational Inequality and Fixed Point Problems Based on the Extragradient Method
S. Jahedi M. A. PayvandThe problem ofgeneralized equilibrium problem is very general in the different subjects .Optimization problems, variational inequalities, Nash equilibrium problem and minimax problems are as special cases of generalized equilibrium problem. The purpose of this paper is MoreThe problem ofgeneralized equilibrium problem is very general in the different subjects .Optimization problems, variational inequalities, Nash equilibrium problem and minimax problems are as special cases of generalized equilibrium problem. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problem of approximating a common element of the set of generalized equilibrium problem, variational inequality problem and fixed point problem. In this article, a new iterative algorithm is introduced based on theextragradient method. Under suitable conditions, a weak convergence theorem for finding a common solution of a generalized equilibrium problem, a variational inequality problem and the set of fixed points of a finite family of strictly pseudo contraction mappings is proved. Our results improve and generalize some recent results in the literature. Finally, we give a numerical example to show the validity of the results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Stability Analysis of a Fractional Order Model of HIV virus and AIDS Infection in the Community
M. S. Shahrokhi Dehkordi Y. AhmadiIn this paper a non-linear model with fractional order is presented for analyzing and controlling the spread of HIV virus. Both the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are found and their stability is discussed. The basic reproduction number , which is MoreIn this paper a non-linear model with fractional order is presented for analyzing and controlling the spread of HIV virus. Both the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are found and their stability is discussed. The basic reproduction number , which is a function of the constant parameters in the model, plays an essential role in the stability of the above model. In more precise expression, When the disease-free equilibrium is attractor, but when , is unstable and the endemic equilibrium exists and it is an attractor. Finally numerical simulations are also established to investigate the influence of the parameters in the model on the spread of the disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Economic balance of international contracts in the light of renegotiation with emphasis on oil contracts
Adham Haghgozar Ali Rostamifar Najad Ali AlmasiThe special characteristics of oil contracts require that these contracts always have economic stability and balance. Disruption of the economic balance in these contracts will bring harmful results both economically and legally. Generally, the stakeholders of the oil s MoreThe special characteristics of oil contracts require that these contracts always have economic stability and balance. Disruption of the economic balance in these contracts will bring harmful results both economically and legally. Generally, the stakeholders of the oil sector prefer to use the renegotiation clause to prevent the disruption of the economic balance of these contracts. Sometimes, despite not foreseeing this condition, one of the parties, who is basically an investor, will request renegotiation and in the results of establishing an economic balance (although this request will not necessarily mean reaching an agreement and an effective result) and the other party will also have the right to make such a request, but in any case, the parties must use their efforts in good faith to achieve the desired result, but the mere failure to achieve the result will not be a license to demand or compensate the other party. The question is, how can renegotiation lead to the establishment or effect of economic balance in oil contracts? In other words, how can the fundamental change of economic conditions in oil contracts be resolved with the condition of renegotiation. The findings of this research show that with the loss of profitability of oil projects, the contracts have undergone a fundamental change, and to maintain the stability of the contract and the continuity of the project, there will be no other choice but to resort to renegotiation to establish economic balance; In any case, renegotiation requires the goodwill of the parties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Design and Calibration of a New Keynesian DSGE Model with Stock Market Dynamics in Iran Economy
Ahmad Salahmanesh Seyed Aziz Arman Ebrahim Anvari Abdollah PourjavanFinancial markets especially capital market can make strong connections with other parts of the economy. After 2007/2008 financial crisis and global extensive economic recession, the economists show interest in the financial markets function again. The purpose of this s MoreFinancial markets especially capital market can make strong connections with other parts of the economy. After 2007/2008 financial crisis and global extensive economic recession, the economists show interest in the financial markets function again. The purpose of this study is to design and calibrate a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium new Keynesian model with Stock market dynamism to investigate the stock market channal effectiveness mechanism on macroeconomics variables. So an open DSGE model containing households, firms, banks, government and central bank was designed and after log-linearization, then the model’s parameters were calibrated using quarterly data 1996:3-2013:2 and experimental studies results. This study shows that a negative shock to stock price index in the DSGE model via financial accelerator and bank capital channel will result in decrease production, consumption, investment, deposits and inflation and therefor the macroeconomic variables such as consumption, investment and production have stronger relationship with stock market dynamism Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The role of monetary variables and financial frictions on the stock market in the form of DSGE model
Lleila Barati yazdan goodarziThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of monetary policy and financial frictions on the stock market. In this study, the role of imperfections in financial markets as well as monetary policy on capital market performance and other macroeconomic variable MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of monetary policy and financial frictions on the stock market. In this study, the role of imperfections in financial markets as well as monetary policy on capital market performance and other macroeconomic variables has been evaluated. In this regard, the statistical information of the period of 1989-2021 was used based on the frequency of seasonal data. The method used in this study is to solve the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. The results obtained from the monetary policy shock in this study showed that due to the existence of imperfection in the financial markets, it leads to volatility and instability in the capital market. In fact, the shock of the monetary policy has led to a change in the rate of return in the markets and this issue has affected the demand and supply of stocks. In addition, the monetary policy shock has had real effects on the economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Financial accelerator in a DSGE model with financial and banking sectors for Iran
Hassan Heidari Ahmad MolabahramiThis study examines the financial accelerator theory of Bernanke and et al (1999) for Iran economy using a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. In this regard, a DSGE model with financial and banking sectors in the New Keynesian framework is designed, ca MoreThis study examines the financial accelerator theory of Bernanke and et al (1999) for Iran economy using a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model. In this regard, a DSGE model with financial and banking sectors in the New Keynesian framework is designed, calibrated and simulated and the results are compared with standard DSGE model without financial sector for the quarterly data of Iran during 1371 to 1390. To examine the financial accelerator theory, the impulse responses functions of proposed model are compared with standard model. The results show that, the proposed model has better ability to fit the Economy of Iran than the standard model. The impulse responses functions analysis show that the impact of deposit rate shock on the real sector variables within the proposed model is greater and more persistence and need more time to settlement than standard model. So the theory of financial accelerator is accepted in the Economy of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Application of Game Theory in Evaluation of Stock Investment
غلامرضا اسلامی بیدگلی رضا احتشام راثیNowadays the enterprises are in an intensive competition and can notmerely rely on traditional methods of decision making over certainty, riskand uncertainty situation in facing domestic or international rivals.Hence recognizing the new techniques of decision making aga MoreNowadays the enterprises are in an intensive competition and can notmerely rely on traditional methods of decision making over certainty, riskand uncertainty situation in facing domestic or international rivals.Hence recognizing the new techniques of decision making against thecompetitors in the contradictory situations seems to be a vital necessityfor each enterprise. These techniques assist the investors to make aneconomical evaluation of the investment alternatives and help them tomanage and mitigate the risk.Investment in the developing countries is competitive and isendangered by a plenty of unknown and unexpected variables which leadthe investors towards investigating and applying the new methods like"Games Theory".This article describes how to use the Games Theory's Methods tomake the proper and timely decisions against the rivals and how toevaluate the investment alternatives economically. It also tries to showhow the Games Theory maintains the interests of different investors inthe alternatives and helps them to reach to an equilibrium point ofconsent. Study result showed that Game Theory have applicable inInvestment evaluation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Compare effect of monetary and fiscal policy effect on stock market bubble within DSGE model in Iran stock market
Kiomars Sohaili Shahram Fattahi Narges RahmanianiThe main goal of this study is compare effect of monetary and fiscal policy effect on stock market bubble within DSGE model in iran stock market. In recent year Iran Stock Exchange has experience a bubble. Fiscal and monetary policies have a roll in bubbles. in this pap MoreThe main goal of this study is compare effect of monetary and fiscal policy effect on stock market bubble within DSGE model in iran stock market. In recent year Iran Stock Exchange has experience a bubble. Fiscal and monetary policies have a roll in bubbles. in this paper we have investigated a effect of monetary and fiscal polies in bubble. In this paper we consider a general equilibrium model to find effect of monetary and fiscal shocks in Iran Stock Exchange we use a Dynar software to evaluate the research and using the seasonal data from 1995-2014. The result has shown: that first, monetary policy shocks has increased interest of investment in Iran Stock Exchange. therefore Tobin's Q will increase and bubble will increase. Second, as result of fiscal policy shocks through increase in government spending, investing in financial markets like Iran Stock Exchange will decrease and price of stocks will decrease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - نقش درآمدهای نفتی و اعتبارات بانکی با تأکید بر حاکمیت سیاستهای پولی در بخش تولید ایران با رهیافت یک مدل DSGE
جواد خلیل زاده سحر بشیری حسن حیدری -
Open Access Article
21 - ارزیابی ثبات مالی در اقتصاد ایران با تاکید بر رفتار متفاوت قرض دهی و قرضگیری با رویکرد مدل DSGE
حمید تقی زاده حسین شریفی رنانی سارا قبادی -
Open Access Article
22 - بررسی اثرات شوکهای ناشی از اصطکاک مالی و توسعه مالی بر بخشهای اقتصادی ایران
ساره امیرمجاهدی علی رئیس پور رجبعلی سید عبدامجید جلائی رضا زینلزاده -
Open Access Article
23 - Evaluating the environmental and economic impacts of Carbon Tax Using Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE)
جمشید پژویان حسن معین نعمتیThis paper deals with environmental, welfare and employment effects of Carbon Tax. Carbon tax as a policy instrument, internalizes the external cost of air pollution in price of fuel. The very objective of carbon tax is not only to reduce fuel consumption and hence redu MoreThis paper deals with environmental, welfare and employment effects of Carbon Tax. Carbon tax as a policy instrument, internalizes the external cost of air pollution in price of fuel. The very objective of carbon tax is not only to reduce fuel consumption and hence reduce harmful emissions made by economic agents, but also to lessen the tax burden on wage earners and reduce labor cost which in turn provides incentives for job creation. This study uses Computable General Equilibrium Model which is revenue neutral, i.e. total tax income is taken constant in the model. The model is a non- linear equation system. GAMS as a Software along with input – output table pertaining to Iranian economy is used to solve the mode. The model was calibrated to base year 1378[1]. The findings in this study indicate that the use Carbon Tax as a policy instrument to alleviate the Burdon of tax on labor income, would improve qualitavely the environmental standards and reduce the environmental concerns besides to positive impact on employment and welfare gains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analysis of the Effect of Effective Organizational Communication on Work-life Balance with the Mediating Role of Occupational Injuries in Sabalan Social Security Hospital in Ardabil
Nahideh Nanvayi Ahad NorouzzadehIntroduction: Balancing work and life is one of the concerns of employees in organizations today. One of the tools to create work-life balance is effective organizational communication. The present study was conducted in this direction with the aim of analyzing the effe MoreIntroduction: Balancing work and life is one of the concerns of employees in organizations today. One of the tools to create work-life balance is effective organizational communication. The present study was conducted in this direction with the aim of analyzing the effect of effective organizational communication on work-life balance with the mediating role of occupational injuries in Sabalan Social Security Hospital in Ardabil.Methods In terms of purpose, the present applied research is descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of this study includes the staff of Sabalan Social Security Hospital in Ardabil, whose number is 600 people. Morgan table was used to determine the sample size of employees and the number of samples was 234 which were selected by simple random sampling method. To measure the variables, Dibaj Occupational Injuries Questionnaire, Susman and Krinos Effective Organizational Communication Questionnaire and Wang and Ko Work-Life Balance Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed and path analysis and structural equations and regression were used to analyze the research hypotheses.Results: Findings show that effective organizational communication with the mediating role of job injuries has a significant effect on work-life balance. Predicts effective organizational communication 0.76 and job injuries -0.67 predict changes in work-life balance of employees.Conclusion: The relationship between the two variables of effective organizational communication and work-life balance of employees is intensified by the variable of occupational injuries if the occupational injuries increase, this effect will be weaker, and if the occupational injuries weaken, this relationship will naturally become stronger. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Explaining the Main Processes of Balanced Strategic Management in the National Media
esmaiel marzban mohsen ghadami ATAOLLAH Abtahi عباس طلوعیAbstractThe purpose of this study is to explain the main processes of balanced strategic management in the national media. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative data type. The statistical population of the study consisted of academic experts MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to explain the main processes of balanced strategic management in the national media. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative data type. The statistical population of the study consisted of academic experts and senior managers of the media industries. The sample consisted 30 persons that was selected using purposeful sampling method and saturation principle. In this study, the librarian method and semi-structured interview were used to collect data. Interview with the experts revealed that the interview was valid, and a reliability between the two coders as a reliablity method was used to calculate the reliability that revealed the interview was valid. The data were analyzed through content analysis and coding. The results of factor analysis show that among the 76 existing indicators, four main components can be identified: rebuilding the value chain system, audience-oriented knowledge management, innovation and interaction with the audiences. Hence, the Existence of natinal media depends on the audience, should be similar to other organizations who, using this process and tools and have been able to respond to the needs of the audience in today's complex environment, and in the face of wide and varied changes have different ability to respond to changes and be flexible and benchmarked, should be take advantage of these firms and processes in the path of recreation Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Article title: Identification the Dimension of Balanced Human Resources from Islamic point of view based on Fuzzy Delphi Method
میر مهرداد پیدایی نازنین پیله وری صابر باقریResearch Introduction and Objective: This Vast world makes balance between its two opposite poles such as masculine and feminine, north and south active and inactive logical and intuitive, lighting MoreResearch Introduction and Objective: This Vast world makes balance between its two opposite poles such as masculine and feminine, north and south active and inactive logical and intuitive, lighting and darkness, internal and external .etc. Although these dimensions seem completely opposite of each other but they are strictly attached for their being and that their combination result in massive mutation in the world and a one –sided orientation toward one dimension causes mess and turmoil in universe . Human as a dynamic system like the world needs to make a balance between his desires and propulsion to preserve his existence. This essay tries to identify humans balance dimensions in today marketing system besides figuring out the roots of peace in modern complicated society in this regard two main sources of Islamic teaching and practical experiences of organizational experts are analyzed based on Fuzzy Delphi system . Method: The method of this research is applied research, Population consisted of 40 HR managers in service and industry organizations .in this research in order To refine indicators and expert opinion aggregation of fuzzy Delphi approach is used. Findings: In this study, according to Islamic teachings have been identified eleven Dimension Balanced man including: Teaching and learning, Work, Family, Physical health, Worship, Environment, Social responsibility, Thinking and reasoning, cognition, Divine love and Obedience Eleven dimensions, three stages of filtering and aggregation of expert opinions is located. Results: The results of the essay after three phases of polling from experts caused the identification of six fundamentals of learning, work, family, health, spirituality and taking responsibility which is the essential option of in implementation of personal development programs and efficiency promotion of human resources in contemporary organizations Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Comparison of Marital Satisfaction Level of Working and Householder Women and affecting Factors on Them in Izeh City
Seyedeh Khadijeh Khezri Eshaq Arjmand Siahpoush -
Open Access Article
28 - John Rawls: From the Social Contract to Two Principles of Justice
شهلا اسلامیThe social contract tradition has a particular significance in the history ofpolitical philosophy. The classic theoreticians of social contract, such asLock, Rousseau, and Kant, have considered the political authority asinevitable in order to prevail over life difficult MoreThe social contract tradition has a particular significance in the history ofpolitical philosophy. The classic theoreticians of social contract, such asLock, Rousseau, and Kant, have considered the political authority asinevitable in order to prevail over life difficulties in disordered (social)situation.John Rawls takes a new approach to social contract in his theory ofjustice. He assumes that contracting parties would choose the principles ofjustice which intend to determine the moral principles. Such principles, inturn, constitute the social institutions of society. In Rawls’ view,contracting parties are assumed to be in a hypothetical situation calledoriginal position. These persons as free, equal, reasonable and rationalcitizens, are in veil of ignorance; that is, they are not aware of anycharacters as gender, social status, religious orientation, and even theirconception of the good. In this situation, Rawls suggests a technique,called “reflective equilibrium”, which orchestrates our principles ofjustice and considered judgments. In original position, contracting partieschoose the two principles of justice, i.e. the principles of liberty andequality. The concept of original position is an interpretation of Kant’sview on the principle of freewill and categorical imperative. Describingthis situation enables one to reveal his essential nature as a free andautonomous human being.Rawls, thus, dose not use social contract to legitimate political authority;but, using original position, he presents a concept of human nature whichthe liberals, always, talk about it: a liberated human who is freed of anysocial, political and traditional stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Stable Development and Expansion of Green Areas in the Sector and Suburbs of the City of Karaj (Achieved by using the Gis software)
hasan sajadzadeh amir moghassemi mostafa ghare baghiOne of the necessities to stop the unrestricted and unruly growth of urban blocks in inappropriate directions is designing suitable environments in order to produce urban green network areas to develop the quality level of city life. The city of Karaj has faced an incre MoreOne of the necessities to stop the unrestricted and unruly growth of urban blocks in inappropriate directions is designing suitable environments in order to produce urban green network areas to develop the quality level of city life. The city of Karaj has faced an increasing number of citizens due to the immigrations and geographical alterations. This increasing population will result unbalanced expansion and inappropriate city development. The effort in this article has been to identify different zones of Karaj district and giving out a suitable urban green network area by studying all the plans of the current situation of the district, analysis of the data and considering the effective characteristics of the area to reach an ecological balance and a systematic urban green area. This was done by using Gis software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The role of rural cities in regional balancing Case Study: Town of Vahidieh in the City of Shahriar
Homaira Mahdibigy Masoud Mahdavi HajiloueePopulation concentration in developing countries has brought about numerousproblems in large cities. Among those problems we can mention populationcongestion, migration, housing deficiencies, unemployment, environmentaldegeneration, etc.Accordingly, regional and urban a MorePopulation concentration in developing countries has brought about numerousproblems in large cities. Among those problems we can mention populationcongestion, migration, housing deficiencies, unemployment, environmentaldegeneration, etc.Accordingly, regional and urban analysts have started paying attention to thedevelopment of small and medium size towns as an essential solution for dealing withthe imbalance originated from development of prime cities.In this study, we have assessed, analyzed and examined Vahidieh's urbanizationprocess as well as that of Shahriar area as a sample of Tehran Province towns andcities before and after this occurance. Variables studied are population, occupancy,educational-cultural facilities, political-administrational, telecommunications,commercial and service providing facilities. Analysis of the data acquired from thestudy through statistical models - entropy coefficient, elasticity coefficient, MorrisDevelopment Index, parabolic-sectional variation analysis model – has been assessedand evaluated. Results derived from statistical models show that the urbanizationprocess of Vahidieh has not had desirable effects in balancing distribution ofpopulation and establishment of settlements throughout the area, stabilization of thepopulation, prosperity of solar rural sections, and growth of agricultural sectiontherefore being unsuccessful in that regard. Despite the fact that at some period,growth of industrial section in the city of Shahriar and in Tehran has had positiveeffects on population growth due to low cost of housing for people who have mostlybeen service and industrial laborers.Ultimately, the overall results drawn from this study reveal that urbanization ofVahidieh has not had an effective role in the development process of rural outskirts.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Analysis of balance for geomorphologic shapes, depend on Deyvis & Gylbert's point of views and it's adaptation with some Qoran's interpretations
Fatemeh Saki Mohammdreza Servati Ebrahim MoqimiIn the fields of insight recognition, the significances are applied often differently, so despitehaving the same structure and domain in the matter, their coincidence's load varies in differentaspects. Geomorphologic's balance is one of the examples. The meaning of bala MoreIn the fields of insight recognition, the significances are applied often differently, so despitehaving the same structure and domain in the matter, their coincidence's load varies in differentaspects. Geomorphologic's balance is one of the examples. The meaning of balance is appliedin all evolution aspects of Dayvis, in the field of systematic perception'sdistrict(ramesht1381p77) and also in the Qoran's interpretations. the Dayvis 's point of viewtime would encounter evolutions orgradually depletions, in other words they haveunreturnable changes in a way that this meaning has its origin in antropy's backgrounds andpositive feedbacks. but undoubtedly the balances meaning in dayvis's opinion differs with theqoran's systematic point of view.(chapters:naml,verse88,shams,verse6,meraj,verse9,alqare,verse5 and many others)thatexpresses the evolution, regularity, permanency and balance in the phenomenons. but with thegylbert's that the forms and processes could be related to negative feedbacks that thechangings are with different speeds and cause surfaces forms proportionaly vary with them.therefore the earth's forms are dependant to a situation which the forms that change in ashorter time. in this editorial is tried to analyze the conflicts and the similarities through thebasis of library studies. the issue will help to achieve a better comprehension from themeanings by encountering different views of balance in Geomorphology and also emphasiseson the importance of it's significances load, and the contrasts in different views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - "Land Use" Planning; the Tool of Implementing Social Equity (Introduction for Land Use planning Role in Implement of Social Equity and Sustainable Development)
رحیم Sarvar حسن EsmaeilzadehSpatial unbalances, that be created from centralized approaches in development planning collections specially afterwards from forth planning and in first 1971th, compelled planners and decision- makers to find a way for implementing socio-spatial equity as the goal. The MoreSpatial unbalances, that be created from centralized approaches in development planning collections specially afterwards from forth planning and in first 1971th, compelled planners and decision- makers to find a way for implementing socio-spatial equity as the goal. These problems be created because of absence regional approaches and developmental views, that affected for social, economical, cultural, physical, managmental and policy- making aspects. Compile charter "land use"planning in 1971th, was a step for compensating prejudicial effects for cities and regions in Iran and restoring regional balances. The goal of "land use" planning is justly distribution of resources and population and ecological, economical and social considerations belong to intellectual organizing of space in regional and national level, that distribute population and economical activities in proper manner in relation to natural resources. This research attempt to prove that creating relation among environment, human and his activities, and attention to regionalism approaches is the best manner in obtaining social equity and human development. Undoubtly, using systemic approach in "land use" study and implementing its aims in justice manner will sustain cities and regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The Evaluation of Development rural areas of kurdestan Province by Cluster Analysis
علی زنگی آبادی طاهر پریزادیIntroduction and purpose of research: Target all the planning, to achieve optimal development and balance, and the first step in any planning process, including the regional planning in particular, understand that this situation is identified, require separate study are MoreIntroduction and purpose of research: Target all the planning, to achieve optimal development and balance, and the first step in any planning process, including the regional planning in particular, understand that this situation is identified, require separate study area to areas of planning and evaluation of each area by index development (economic, social, cultural, health and ....) and analyze and ranking each area in terms of development is having. Process of development the Kurdistan and its infrastructures, the poor and concentration planning of the past, development balance in the level of rural areas is difficult. In order to solve problems caused by lack of balance, first step recognition and classification level of villages form part of the political divisions (in terms of having educational - cultural, infrastructure and communications, spatial - physical, health , economy and services ...) and the next step is providing good policy, to establish balance . Research method: In the present study, a combination of the methods of procedure documentation, analytical. This study used 18 statistical indicators in 5 district - cultural, infrastructure and communications, space - physical, health, economy and services active , especially in rural areas of Kurdistan 26 section , were studied. And analysis techniques of statistical Z-score and clustering analysis. Results: Based on research findings, the development level of Kurdistan sections, differences and inequality, there is, so that rural areas in seven sections (developed), seven section (partly developed), six sector-level (less developed) at the level of six section are excluded. Therefore is recommended to resolve imbalances, priority planning and investment sectors deprived rural areas (Alvt, Srshyv Marivan, Zyvyh, Nnvr, Nmh milk). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Spatial Planning and Management of Spatial Development (Case Study: Malekan Township)
مهدی مومنی امید مبارکی نرگس جنابیIntroduction and Objective: Undoubtedly optimal management of space in terms of regulating the relationship among human being, space and human activities in the space is the main objective of spatial planning. Materialization of spatial planning more than having a techn MoreIntroduction and Objective: Undoubtedly optimal management of space in terms of regulating the relationship among human being, space and human activities in the space is the main objective of spatial planning. Materialization of spatial planning more than having a technical plan depends on a management plan based on the economic and spatial balances which allows it to realize equity in space and social equity. Nowadays, intense concentration of population and activities in one or more geographical spots features most Third World countries including Iran. Underestimating long-term plans and relying on development-based and sometimes superficial plans are among main obstacles of realization of balanced development of Iran. This study aims at analyzing different dimensions of the spatial management necessary for preparing process of spatial planning program. To do so, we concentrated our study on Malekan Township where let us to indicate the operationalization of the issue at the level of a township or region. It also became a basis for other studies in provincial or regional scales. Methodology: As an applied research, a documentary-analytical method was used in this study. Besides maps SPSS, Auto Cad and Arc View programs were used for analyzing data, variables, preparing tables and doing calculations. Results: Our findings showed that the main component of the realistic analyses of spatial planning must be sought in the geographical structures. In fact our country’s spatial planning appearance particularly in the regional levels is initially a function of the natural components and secondly a function of allocation and decision making system. Natural elements are the first priority for spatial establishment of settlements in the studied area and regarding the allocation system services and applications are not divided similarly among different villages of the township. Conclusion: Providing a pervasive analysis of the relation between settlement system and activity with the environmental condition through designing and developing a databank consisting of geographical foundations is necessary for extracting spatial development documents. Again, analysis of weak points of allocation system will play a key role in realizing equity in space and solving socioeconomic inequalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Analysis of urban system space organization Case study: east Azerbaijan
دکتر نفیسه مرصوصی دکتر حسن حکمت نیا دکتر محمد رضا پور محمدی دکترحسین نظم فرIntroduction: The main purpose of this research is review and analysis of spatial equilibrium degree in East Azerbaijan urban system based on entropy index and class difference limit model underlying of statistics and information of 6 periods of census. Method: Method MoreIntroduction: The main purpose of this research is review and analysis of spatial equilibrium degree in East Azerbaijan urban system based on entropy index and class difference limit model underlying of statistics and information of 6 periods of census. Method: Method of research performance is the form of quantity-analytical parallel with presenting of practical models. Mentioned statistical society in this research is the cities of case study province that formally enunciate as a city in census. Results: In 1385 reducing of share of Tabriz population has reached to 58.19 percent. Also share of province great cities population have faced with reduction but because of number of province cities have reached from 39 cities to 57 cities and also the number of small cities and low population have raised more. Therefore because of rising number of small cities the reduction of Tabriz population share comparison with whole of province population renews exaggerate and entropy degree has reduced to .502. Conclusion: The conclusions of this research reveal that settling of population in centers and city classes have distributed with equilibrium form and concentration process of Tabriz metropolis is streaming with noted speed and have directed city network from semi equilibrium situation to crisis conduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Determination of the significance of beta-hydroxy butyrate, non esterified fatty acids and some other serum biochemical parameters as predictors of left displacement of abomasum in cattle
نوید Basiri SH Safi ایرج Norouzian عباس Rahimi ForoushaniLeft displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 b MoreLeft displacement of abomasum (LDA) is one of the major metabolic diseases in dairy cattlewhich cause a large economic loss in dairy industry. Thus, predicting the occurrence of LDA,especially in early weeks post parturition is very important. In the present study, 14 biochemicalparameters of cows with LDA before and after parturition were compared to those of healthycows (control group) using logistic regression statistical model. Changes in six parameters,including beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), aspartateaminotransferase (AST), calcium, sodium and potassium were significant (p<0.05) between thegroups and were included in the prediction model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Quantitative Determination of the Selected Nests Pressure of Wood Species in the Middle Forest of Northern Iran (Case study: Gorazbon section of Kheyroud forest)
Sajjad Babaie Mahmood Bayat Manoochehr Namiranian Sahar Heidari Masteali fatemeh AhmadlooBackground and Objective: Understanding the ecological niche of the different species is essential in many ecological issues. Ecological niches of species are one of the important factors in the tree species distribution pattern and for all species, it can be dete MoreBackground and Objective: Understanding the ecological niche of the different species is essential in many ecological issues. Ecological niches of species are one of the important factors in the tree species distribution pattern and for all species, it can be detected by examining distribution of species distribution. Ecological nest models often help to understand more ecosystems. These models are applicable in predicting ecosystem stability and sustainability ratios and ecosystems. Method: In order to determine the selective pressure of different species, the indicators of the equilibrium level of selected nests, the dominant level of selected nests and the crisis level of selected nests were used and 41.5 hectares of Khirud research and educational forest were fully surveyed (100%). Then, characteristics such as diameter equal to the chest of the trees were measured and using selective nesting indices, the selected pressure and nesting levels of beech, oak, hornbeam and alder species were measured. Findings: The values of the selective pressure were measured for the species on the Fagus orientalis 66.419, Quercus persica 3. 313, Carpinus orientalis 261. 28, Alnus 36. 962 and tilia begonifolia 9. 39 respectively. The final results showed that Carpinus orientalis wasat a Dominates niche level, the Fagus orientalis and Alnus was in the balance niche level and the Quercus persica was in intermediate between balance and critical level and also tilia begonifolia was in the critical niche levels. Discussion and Conclusion: The Carpinus species were at the dominant level of selective pressure, the Tilla species were at the equilibrium level and the Quercus species were at the equilibrium level of the crisis nest. The results of this study showed that selective strain quantification is an important factor in determining the current status of endangered species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Study of Variations Equilibrium Time at Different Concentrations by Activated Carbon Adsorbent
Hassan Jamali Armandi Shayan ShamohammadiObjective: The purpose of this research is the effect of initial concentration of lead absorbed on theequilibrium time by active carbon.Materials and methods: The study of granular activated carbon (GAC) of the raw material is wood w.For experimental, Absorption kinetic MoreObjective: The purpose of this research is the effect of initial concentration of lead absorbed on theequilibrium time by active carbon.Materials and methods: The study of granular activated carbon (GAC) of the raw material is wood w.For experimental, Absorption kinetics of initial concentration 1 to 500 mg L-1 was used and measuringthe remaining concentration absorbed by atomic absorption (Model 220 AA company varianAustralia) was performed.Results: Process adsorption equilibrium reached at 45, 60, 75, 90, 75, 70 and 60 min for initial leadconcentration of 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg L-1. Study equilibrium time at variedconcentrations showed that decreased equilibrium time with decreasing initial lead concentration from50 to 1 mg L-1. Efficiency adsorption increased while the initial lead concentration decreased from 500to 1 mg L-1. The maximum percent adsorption of lead was found to be %99.7 at initial leadconcentration of 1 mg L-1. The experimental data were fitted using two adsorption kinetic models, theHo et al. (1996) and Lagergren (1893) models. Results showed that lead ions adsorption followedadsorption model of Ho et al. (1996). Also, fitting Langmuir and Freunlich adsorption isothermmodels on experimental data showed that Freundlich model described experimental data in a betterway. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Effect of concentration on efficiency and adsorption equilibrium time of lead from aqueous solution by rice husk adsorbent
Hasan Jamali Armandi Zaman Shamohamadi HeidariObjective: This study reviews the efficiency of absorption and equilibrium time Variations in concentrations were measured. Materials and methods: For this rice husk absorbent was used to absorb lead Kinetic adsorption experiments were carried out for estimation equilib MoreObjective: This study reviews the efficiency of absorption and equilibrium time Variations in concentrations were measured. Materials and methods: For this rice husk absorbent was used to absorb lead Kinetic adsorption experiments were carried out for estimation equilibrium time in varied concentrations. The results showed that in varied concentration amount the lead adsorbed per unit weight of adsorbent increased with increase contact time and process adsorption equilibrium reached at 60, 90, 105, 120, 90, 75 and 60 minutes for initial lead concentration 1, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/l, respectively. Results: Adsorption efficiency increased with decreasing solution concentration from 500 mg/l to 1 mg/l. However obtained maximum adsorption efficiency at concentration was 1 mg/l (%98). The experimental data were fitted using Ho &et al. and Lagergren kinetic models. Results showed that lead ions adsorption on rice husk followed adsorption model of Ho & et al. The experimental results were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Results showed that experimental data fitted well the Freundlich model isotherm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A Survey of Heat Balancing in the Persian Gulf
Seyed mohammad reza Reissosadat Seyed Hamid Reza Reisso sadatIran is connected to free ocean and other countries through Persian Gulf, Oman Sea and Caspian Sea. Thus, it is necessary to increase practical and scientific knowledge of seas rapidly. Knowing heat distribution in Persian Gulf helps one to forecast weather condition, MoreIran is connected to free ocean and other countries through Persian Gulf, Oman Sea and Caspian Sea. Thus, it is necessary to increase practical and scientific knowledge of seas rapidly. Knowing heat distribution in Persian Gulf helps one to forecast weather condition, predict the habitat of aquatic animals and plants, and provide other accurate information about sea. Generally the total in flow and outflow heat flux of the oceans should be zero; otherwise this oceans will freeze or will be very hot. The heat balance in Persian Gulf is examined in the article. Considering the point that the amount of rain and the inflow water to Persian Gulf is about 90cm/a and evaporation is 213cm/a, therefore, the amount of evaporation is 20-25cm/a more than rain in Persian Gulf annually. Since the Persian Gulf volume of inflow and outflow is 0.186*106 and 0.169*106 m3 /s, the net transfer of heat to this Gulf is 25w/m2. The aim of this article is to explain this extra heat entering Persian Gulf by heat flux terms. The annual mean values of upward heat transfer due to solar radiation, sensible heat, latent heat and infrared radiation fluxes are 245 , -4 , 179 and 92 w/m3 respectively .The result is upward flux of about 22 w/m2 at the sea surface of this Gulf. This is in fair agreement with the extra heat transport in the Persian Gulf. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Study of chemical absorption of chromium by rice stem using physico-chemical adsorption isotherm model
Fatemeh Soltani Shayan ShamohammadiBackground and Objective: One of the main objectives of the adsorption isotherm models is to determine the maximum capacity of the adsorbent. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical absorption rate of chromium from aqueous solution by rice stem, us MoreBackground and Objective: One of the main objectives of the adsorption isotherm models is to determine the maximum capacity of the adsorbent. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical absorption rate of chromium from aqueous solution by rice stem, using physico-chemical adsorption isotherm model of Shamohammadi and to compare adsorption isotherm models for determining the maximum capacity of the adsorbent. Method: The rice stem with particle sizes of 75, 300, 850 and 1200 micron, and the chromium solution with concentrations of 15 to 40 (mg/L) were used in this study. Findings: The maximum adsorption efficiency of 96.30 % was obtained in in pH=2 using 10 (g/l) of rice stem with particle size of 75 micron. The maximum adsorption capacities of chromium by Langmuir model and Shamohammadi model for the rice stem were obtained as 2.918 and 4.926 (mg/g) in particle size of 75 microns, 2.206 and 3.310 (mg/g) in particle size of 300 microns, 1.838 and 2.617 (mg/g) in particle size of 850 microns and 1.037 and 1.322 (mg/g) in particle size of 1200 microns respectively. Conclusion: Isotherm absorption studies showed that, based on Shamohammadi model, averagely 20.5% of adsorption occurs as initial adsorption. Moreover, by considering equilibrium adsorption (qe) as a function of initial concentration (C0), not only the precision of the model will be enhanced (according to evaluation criteria), but also the equilibrium capacity of adsorption increases to an average of 26.5% compared to the Langmuir model. Thus, application of the Shamohammadi model increases the capacity of chromium absorption by rice stem by an average of 47% compared to the Langmuir model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Elimination of Subsidy on Fossil Fuels and Reduction of Air Pollution in Mashhad (Using the Computable General Equilibrium Model)
Maryam Moghimi Naser Shahnoushi Shahnaz Danesh Bitollah Akbari Moghadam Mahmoud DaneshvarAbstract Nowadays, one of the most important subjects concerning environmental quality is urban renewal and air pollution. Therefore, governments should strive to take various policies and programs to overcome the environmental problems including air pollution or negati MoreAbstract Nowadays, one of the most important subjects concerning environmental quality is urban renewal and air pollution. Therefore, governments should strive to take various policies and programs to overcome the environmental problems including air pollution or negative effects of human functions on environment. This study uses an input-output table of the Khorasan-Razavi province in 2001 and amount of pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions to survey the welfare and environmental effects on decline of subsidy on fossil fuels. For this purpose, using MCP and GAMS software, welfare changes with and without environmental impact, changes in demand for fossil fuels and changes in pollutants for 4 scenarios have been studied. Results showed that the elimination of subsidy on fossil fuels would reduce the demand for fossil fuels as an intermediate input and final good. If the environmental effects are considered, in the all scenarios, the welfare changes will be positive and the welfare will increase with the omitting rate increase. The highest growth rate of welfare is obtained to be15%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The impact of financial position and industry characteristics on adjustment speed of capital structure
hossein assadi Elnaz Tajvidi Soheil Esmaeel PourThere are different theories in capital structure litreture witch describe financing behavior of capital structure. Trade-of and pecking order theories, as two famous capital structure theories, make diffrent explaination for capital structure adjustments. Recent studie MoreThere are different theories in capital structure litreture witch describe financing behavior of capital structure. Trade-of and pecking order theories, as two famous capital structure theories, make diffrent explaination for capital structure adjustments. Recent studies find evidence that support the idea of using both theories simultaneously would help explaination ability of capital structure adjustment model. So in this way, examining adverse selection cost while moving toward optimal capital structure can make better designation of capital structure adjustment models. Using partial adjustment mode, this research investigate factors influence adjustment speed of capital structure toward optimal leverage ratio. We examine impact of cashflow inbalances, industry concentration, industry munificence and industry dynamism on speed of adjustment by using fixed effects regression and generalised method of moments. Our sample consists of 155 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period from 1385 to 1394. We find that for above-target firms, adjustment for firms with financial surpluses is faster. For concentrated below-target firms, adjustment speed would be slower than other firms. Also dynamic above-target firms have strong tendency to adjust their leverage by reducing it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Applying Game Theory to Interacting Properties of Accounting Information and Accounting Conservatism in Tehran Stock Exchange
Yousef Saffar Fazel Mohammadi Noodeh Farzin Rezaei Mehrdad SadraraAbstractManagers and shareholders engage in Financial information quality and conservatism in order to maximize benefits and maintain collaboration. Or for whatever reason (perhaps morally) they refrain from doing so. The purpose of examining this conflict and cooperati MoreAbstractManagers and shareholders engage in Financial information quality and conservatism in order to maximize benefits and maintain collaboration. Or for whatever reason (perhaps morally) they refrain from doing so. The purpose of examining this conflict and cooperation between managers and shareholders of listed companies using game theory is to find a balance point in which the manager and the shareholder are satisfied as the main elements of the game in order to maximize their interests. Accordingly, this study seeks to find a strategy to maximize the equilibrium benefits of managers and shareholders by applying strategic features of accounting information and accounting conservatism. The method of data collection is the method of document mining during the period (1391-1391) and the method of data analysis is inferential and the software used to prepare the data and estimate the models is SPSS. The test results of the research hypotheses show that the combination of high conservatism strategies - high reporting quality and low conservatism - low reporting quality - are the equilibrium points (Nash equilibrium) in the game between the manager and the shareholder. The results show that game theory plays an important role in the relationship between managers and stakeholders; and finding the equilibrium points of the game can play an effective role in the decisions of the game parties (managers and shareholders). In this way, it informs the parties of the game of the strategy that has been most desirable and beneficial for them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Content Session Analysis of Expertise of Rangelands
Ali MohebbyAbstract Research institute of forest and rangelands with focusing on the determining, the criteria of the 6th national program and solving of Iranian natural resources problems, established at 2015-2016. The results of the related committees was useful but insufficient MoreAbstract Research institute of forest and rangelands with focusing on the determining, the criteria of the 6th national program and solving of Iranian natural resources problems, established at 2015-2016. The results of the related committees was useful but insufficient, so it seemed that the meeting has to be continued. Therefore the author decided to determine the most important subjects of rangeland scientist ideas about the matter. For this, the "Content analysis" technique was used to analysis the 17 session. the results showed that the frequency of total 9 main criteria and 6 sub- criteria, was 280 and between the main components (range, rangeland management, livestock, economics of livestock products, license, laws, corporations, projects and other items) the most and the least frequency respectively with %26.07 and %0.36 related to economics of livestock products and cow sub- criteria from livestock main criteria. Other criteria respectively, from most to least frequency were, laws with % 24.29, Lamb with %9.64, sub criteria tranchumnce, from main criteria projects % 9.29, corporations %7.5, other programs % 5.71, livestock management %4.64, range lands management project from project main criteria % 3.57, main criteria ranger and sub criteria sheep and goat % 2.5, tribal people settlement project from project main criteria %2.14 and finally %1.79 of the total sentences of rangeland scientists were about Range lands.So, it would be recommended that the discussions have to be continued around the subjects such as ownership of rangelands, corporation, grazing license, renting of rangelands etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Linguistic Comparative Approach in Translation Studies of Second Half of Twentieth Century
Anahita Amir Shojaei Marziyeh Khalili Zadeh GanjalikhaniComparative linguistics is one of the main branches in historical linguistics which studies languages' comparison to explore and discover similarities and relations during the history. In twentieth century, translation theories were not disadvantaged of modern culture a MoreComparative linguistics is one of the main branches in historical linguistics which studies languages' comparison to explore and discover similarities and relations during the history. In twentieth century, translation theories were not disadvantaged of modern culture as well as linguistics. Thus this article studies translation theories and the effect of linguistics on translation especially in late nineteenth century and early twentieth systematically; because in the mentioned duration, translation theories were much affected by linguistics and linguists. Key concepts of this article are meaning, balance and transfer in translation and the preference of structured and creative linguistic. The article also shows that how the translation approach moves toward being scientific by some linguists' afford such as Nida – who derived his theory from Chomsky. Finally the paper remarks the merging of linguistics with translation theories and translation studies in the modern world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - A Study on Naser Khosrow's Tourism Motivation Type from Crampton Point of View
Leila Hashemian Fatemeh ShahdoustWhy do great people choose special destination for tourism? What do they look for in their journey? There are many people and characters who effect significantly poetry and literature by their itinerary such as Naser Khosrow. Journey may be a path to reach the goals to MoreWhy do great people choose special destination for tourism? What do they look for in their journey? There are many people and characters who effect significantly poetry and literature by their itinerary such as Naser Khosrow. Journey may be a path to reach the goals to humanity and studying others' itineraries manifest different aspects of people and their lives in the related eras. The present article initially introduces Naser Khosrow and his journeys and then studies Crampton's theory and his seven motivations – such as egoism, rest, freedom of the invariable environment, prestige, strengthening close relations and facilitating social relations – for his journeys. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Ghazali’s Innovation in Logical Comparisons Extractions from Holy Quran
Akbar Fayedeie Samad Abdollahi AbedAlthough Imam Muhammad Ghazali opposed the philosophers seriously was not oppose to logic but he knew it essential for the scholars especially for speakers. His role in expression of the logic science is inevitable. He had innovations in this science amongst the most im MoreAlthough Imam Muhammad Ghazali opposed the philosophers seriously was not oppose to logic but he knew it essential for the scholars especially for speakers. His role in expression of the logic science is inevitable. He had innovations in this science amongst the most important one is extraction of logical comparisons of Holy Quran in order to clarify the pessimism of some scholars toward the philosophy logic. The present paper attempts to study the abovementioned issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Idealistic human in Tawfiq al-Hakim’s works
Fataneh Mansouri JamshidiTawfiq al-Hakim is one of the proficient authors in history of Egypt’s literature. He has so much worked inliterature, intellectual and cultural concepts. He was a craftsman author .It can say that he is dramatistic literature’s father of Egypt and Arab and MoreTawfiq al-Hakim is one of the proficient authors in history of Egypt’s literature. He has so much worked inliterature, intellectual and cultural concepts. He was a craftsman author .It can say that he is dramatistic literature’s father of Egypt and Arab and one of the founders of the dramatic art, novel and short story in contemporary literature. Tawfiq al-Hakim had special attention to human and humanity. He also paid attention to training of psychological traits and good moral because they cause idealistic human formation. Attention to the humanity in his works is so much that we can say the whole of his works are about human and humanity. In this paper, we study the main parameters of idealistic human, they are: unitarian, moderate personality, social moderate personality, intellectual or sophist, believing to Eastern psyche, freedom friendly and etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - نقش تصمیمات ملی و منطقهای بر رشد و افزایش جمعیت استان سمنان
حیدر لطفی فریده اعرابی سید مسعود سیادتی -
Open Access Article
51 - آمایش مناطق مرزی، با تأکید بر ایران
محمد حسن نامی -
Open Access Article
52 - Absolute Human Crisis and Conflict in Shahrazad by Tawfiq-al-Hakim
Hadi Shabani Hassan BahadoriShahrazad one of the subjective plays by Tawfiq-al-Hakim deals with the conflict between man and environment which ends up with the victory of environment over man. Hakim believes that a force dominates man and it is the existence of a divine power which ins MoreShahrazad one of the subjective plays by Tawfiq-al-Hakim deals with the conflict between man and environment which ends up with the victory of environment over man. Hakim believes that a force dominates man and it is the existence of a divine power which inspires and guides him. With his Oriental spirit Hakim keeps faith in occult powers depicted in Shahrazad dealing with the conflict between man and environment and the ultimate defeat of man. Hakim concludes the war of opposing forces such as conscience and mind and head and heart with the final triumph of environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - A Study of 8 Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training along with Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin D Supplementation on Coordination, Balance, and Cognitive Function of Inactive Students with a History of COVID-19
Farhad Azimi Ehsan Sadeghi Aydin ValizadehThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation on coordination, balance, and cognitive function of inactive students who had a history of COVID-19. The MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation on coordination, balance, and cognitive function of inactive students who had a history of COVID-19. The research method was post-test with a control group. To this aim, 20 participants with the average age of 21.7±5.7 were randomly divided into intervention and placebo groups. Simultaneous with starting HIIT workouts, coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation was also used. The placebo group received 2 empty capsules instead of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin D supplementation for the treatment group. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis and according to the results, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of coordination tests. Moreover, the cognitive function of the participants in the intervention group improved significantly compared to the placebo group. It seems that HIIT workouts could enhance the cognitive function and active balance of those who had a history of COVID-19. After their recovery, patients affected by COVID-19 can use HIIT workouts to accelerate the betterment of their cognitive and balance function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - The effect of Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) On Work-Life Conflict (WLC) with the mediating role of mental well-being (Case: official employees and faculty member of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan(Khorasgan))
sayed saeed navabi mansoureh pourmiriThis study aimed to investigate the effect of perception of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) on Work-Life Conflict (WLC) with the role of subjective well-being mediation. The research is purposeful, applied and descriptive in nature and the statistical population of the st MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of perception of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) on Work-Life Conflict (WLC) with the role of subjective well-being mediation. The research is purposeful, applied and descriptive in nature and the statistical population of the study includes all the staff and faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Isfahan (Khorasgan), about 700 people in year 2019 through Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table. 248 people were selected and questionnaires were distributed. Research tools include the reward effort imbalance questionnaire (Sigrist, 2013), the work-family conflict questionnaire (Carlson et al. 2000), and the subjective well-being questionnaire (Keyes et al. 2003). Obtained Data were analyzed using SSPS25 and WARP -PLS6 software. In this paper, one of the internal consistency methods, namely Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The results show that effort-reward imbalance affects the work-family conflict, work-family imbalance affects subjective well-being, and subjective well-being has a mediating role in the relationship between perception of work-family imbalance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Comparison of Perceptions of Effort-Reward Imbalance, Work-Life Conflict and Mental Well-Being between Official Staff and Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch
sayed saeed navabi Mansoureh PourmiriThe aim of this study was to compare perceptions of effort-reward imbalance, work-life conflict and mental well-being. The research was applied in terms of purpose, descriptive and causal-comparative in nature. The statistical population of the study included all offici MoreThe aim of this study was to compare perceptions of effort-reward imbalance, work-life conflict and mental well-being. The research was applied in terms of purpose, descriptive and causal-comparative in nature. The statistical population of the study included all official staff and faculty members of the Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch in 2019. Through the Krejcie and Morgan table from this population, a sample of 248 people was selected. The research instruments included the Balance-Reward Effort Questionnaire (Seagrist, 2013), the Work-life conflict Questionnaire (Carlson, Kacmar & Williams, 2000) and the Mental Well-Being Questionnaire (Keyes, Magyar-Mae, 2003). The method of evaluation and analysis of data is done by Spss25 software and the data were analyzed by t-tests. The results showed that the rate of effort-reward imbalance in the faculty (p=2.381) and in the staff (p=2.385) as well as the rate of mental well-being in the faculty (p=2.866) and in the staff (p=2.860) was calculated and these results Was lower than average in both cases. The rate of work-life conflict in faculty (p=3.288) and staff (p=3.348) was estimated to be higher than the average. Also, there is no significant difference in the variables of effort-reward imbalance, work-life conflict and mental well-being between the two groups of formal staff and faculty members. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Dynamic Migration of SDN-based Switches to Distribute Control Layer Load and Increase Efficiency Using Ryu Controller
neda abbasi Shiva KarimiIntroduction: Network needs in today's era include comprehensive improvement of communication and connections with more bandwidth, minimum delay and high throughput. Software-defined networking is one of the most promising modes of future Internet development due to the MoreIntroduction: Network needs in today's era include comprehensive improvement of communication and connections with more bandwidth, minimum delay and high throughput. Software-defined networking is one of the most promising modes of future Internet development due to their centralized planning and management capabilities. The load balancing problem for distributed SDN controllers is one of the fundamental challenges of these networks, and a single centralized controller may cause reliability and scalability problems, and although several controllers can solve these problems, a flexibility mechanism is required for load balancing.Method:Therefore, in this research, a load balancing mechanism is proposed based on the load information strategy, so that each controller in the system periodically reports its load information to other controllers, and the overload controllers of the plan, load infomation They do not collect all other controllers before local decisions are made, which in turn reduces controller resource consumption. A load balancing strategy is proposed in the proposed response time-based scheme for multiple SDN controllers, which takes into account the real-time response time characteristics that change with the controller load. Another key part of the proposed scheme is that all these things are done in the Ryu controller by choosing an appropriate response time threshold and processing multiple overload controllers simultaneously, which can solve the load balancing problem of the SDN control panel of the overload controller well. slow This model proposes to transfer the management of specific switches between controllers.Results: In the simulation, the historical load and the future load of the switches were considered, and a switch migration algorithm with double weight was proposed, which led to a decrease in the frequency of switch migration. Experiments have proven that this scheme can quickly provide load balancing between controllers and reduce the number of switch migrations. The results showed that this design can lead to the migration of the overload controller and quickly reduce the workload of the overload controller. As a result, the proposed scheme can effectively achieve load balancing of multiple SDN controllers with high speed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Study of the Effect of Haplotype Block Length on Improving the Accuracy of Genomic Prediction Using Bayesian Methods in Sheep
reza seyedsharifi Fatemeh Ala Noshahr nemat hedayat evrigh Jamal seif davatiInroduction & Objective: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) advancement map and the specification of population-level haplotype block structures are parameters that are helpful for managing the study of the Genome wide Association (GWAS), and to comprehend the nature of no MoreInroduction & Objective: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) advancement map and the specification of population-level haplotype block structures are parameters that are helpful for managing the study of the Genome wide Association (GWAS), and to comprehend the nature of non-linear relationship among phenotypes and genotype. Compared with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), genomic prediction fitting haplotype alleles and improve prediction accuracy; but the increase in accuracy belong how the Haplotype block are characterized. The aim of this study was to test the optimal size for haplotype length in genomic predictions. Material and Method:The Haplotype alleles were defined according the SNP alleles in not covering blocks 125 Kb, 250 Kb, 500 Kb, and 1 Mb. The Haplotype alleles with frequencies below 1, 2.5, 5 or 10% are eliminated. Two methods, Bayes A and Bayes B, were used to predict the genomic effects of SNPs and haplotypes. From Bayes A and B methods to predict the genomic effects of SNPs and haplotypes in three traits with three levels of heritability (milk production (h2 = 0.1), carcass weight (h2 = 0.3) and body weight in Maturity (h2 = 0.45) was used. Results: The highest genomic prediction obtained in body weight at maturity by Bayesian method B (0.652) during 250 kb haplotypic block and the lowest by Bayesian method A in milk production (0.407) during haplotypic block 1 Mb. Haplotype blocks of 250 kb with a frequency threshold of 1% provided the highest genomic prediction accuracy. Comparing Bayes A and Bayes B methods, Bayes B method provided higher estimation accuracy in both SNP-based and haplotype allele-based models. Conclusion: : Placing haplotype alleles instead of SNPs in the statistical model, if the haplotype length is properly defined, improves the accuracy of genomic prediction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - طبقه بندی داده های نامتعادل با ترکیب منحنی اصلی و smote بهبود یافته درجه پشتیبان
ریحانه کمال پور عادل قاضی خانی -
Open Access Article
59 - یک الگوریتم کارامد برای زمانبندی کارها در محیط محاسبات ابری
داوود بهره پور سکینه رضایی زاده -
Open Access Article
60 - بررسی شرط تثبیت در قراردادهای نفتی بینالمللی
ندا نقیب زاده امیرحسین ملکی زاده -
Open Access Article
61 - The Role of Woman in Creatting Balanced Family
عاطفه AllamehThe Family is one of the main pillars of the society and the place of formation of the future of a country that health and welfare of the community depends on health and dynamism of the family structure. Family is the first and the most important effective factor on beh MoreThe Family is one of the main pillars of the society and the place of formation of the future of a country that health and welfare of the community depends on health and dynamism of the family structure. Family is the first and the most important effective factor on behavior and has a considerable role in creatting and the development of individual personality. Since the physical and mental health of individual depends on healthy and balanced family. In this paper, the role of woman in creating a balanced family was investigated via two dimensions, the role of wife that is including: providing physical and mental needs, managing and contemplating family tasks, appreciating and being content, being chastity and loyalty to husband and the role of being mother that the biggest and the most important role of woman in family. The results of the studying of theoretical evidences and reasons, indicates that the woman has the main role in makingchildren ‘s personality, self-concept, attachment, basic trust andcreating a balanced family that is an environment full of peace, support, love and only place to experience the deepest human emotions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Effectiveness of Emotional Intelligence Training Program on Emotional Contagion in the Workplace & Work- Life Balance
Sima Parizadeh Kioumars Beshlideh nasrin arshadi Bahram PeymanniaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on emotional contagion & work-life balance. This research was a quasi-experimental type in which a pre-test-post-test-three-month follow-up design was used with experim MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional intelligence training on emotional contagion & work-life balance. This research was a quasi-experimental type in which a pre-test-post-test-three-month follow-up design was used with experimental & control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the male line employees of an industrial company in Ahvaz, of which 40 people were selected as a hypothesis test sample using the convenience sampling method and they were randomly assigned in two groups of 20 people. The measurement tools included emotional contagion in the workplace (Petita & Naghtun, 2015) & work-life balance (Wong & Ko, 2009) questionnaires, which were performed on all two groups in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages. For the experimental group, training emotional intelligence based on Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey's ability model (2016) was applied, these training sessions included eight ninety-minute sessions that they were held in eight weeks. While no intervention was done on the control group. To analyze the data, covariance analysis (multivariate and univariate) were used in SPSS-24 software. The findings of the covariance analysis showed that emotional intelligence training was significantly effective in increasing the contagion of happiness & work-life balance & reducing negative emotions (sadness, fear and anger) (p<0.01) and This effectiveness was also present in the follow-up phase. According to the obtained results, it is suggested to the managers that by holding training courses on emotional intelligence while increasing the contagion of positive emotions & work-life balance and reducing contagion of negative emotions; The psychological well-being of employees also increases; In this way, they can bring long-term benefits to the entire organization and employees. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Comparing the effectiveness of exercises to strengthen the sense of balance and exercises to strengthen the sense of proprioception on the lack of written expression in students with specific learning disorders in Ahvaz
tahmineh changizi farah naderi rezvan homaei sasan baviThe purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of exercises tostrengthen the sense of balance and exercises to strengthen the sense of proprioceptionon the lack of written expression in students with a specific learning disorder in Ahvazcity. The research MoreThe purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of exercises tostrengthen the sense of balance and exercises to strengthen the sense of proprioceptionon the lack of written expression in students with a specific learning disorder in Ahvazcity. The research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test-follow-updesign and a control group. The statistical population of the research included allstudents with specific learning disorders in Ahvaz city in 1401. Using the purposefulsampling method, 60 students with specific learning disabilities were selected andrandomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (20 people ineach group). In order to collect data, Parisa Rahmani's (2014) written expressiondeficiency questionnaire of spelling disorders was used. The experimental groupsunderwent exercises to strengthen the sense of balance (12 sessions of 45 minutes)and exercises to strengthen the sense of proprioception (12 sessions of 45 minutes);But the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were analyzed usingthe analysis of covariance statistical test. The results showed that both treatments ofbalance strengthening exercises and proprioception strengthening exercises wereeffective in improving written expression deficiency in students with specific learningdisabilities (p<0.01) and the effectiveness of balance strengthening exercises andproprioception strengthening exercises on improving expression deficiency There wasno significant difference in writing in students with specific learning disorders(p>0.05) and this result continued until the follow-up stage. Therefore, it can beconcluded that exercises to strengthen the sense of balance and proprioception can beused to improve the lack of written expression in students with specific learningdisabilities.Keywords: specific learning disorder, lack of written expression, exercises tostrengthen the sense of balance, exercises to strengthen the sense of proprioception Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Investigation relationship between marital of cultural values with moderate structure family and realize of expectance in married women
Fatemeh ShafieeValues and role of women in family are necessary for family health, in order to creating stability of family, so values and present of women in family are affective in family structure. The aimed to investigate the relationship between marital values on moderate family MoreValues and role of women in family are necessary for family health, in order to creating stability of family, so values and present of women in family are affective in family structure. The aimed to investigate the relationship between marital values on moderate family structure and realize of expectance According to psychology and sociology Theories. A survey method was employed. The participants were 380 marital women from Shiraz city, were selected using cluster sampling. They completed the Delkhamoush marital values scale, Olson family structure and realize of expectance. For data analysis, stepwise regression, correlation analysis and analysis of variance was used. The results of the analysis of variance showed that and among all component of marital values, the embededness, intellectual autonomy and egalitarianism made the most significant difference in moderate family structure (p<0/01). And also there were a significant and positive correlation between egalitarianism, affective autonomy and embededness with realize of expectance and in another hand, there was a significant and negative correlation with realize of expectance, hierarchy and among all these factors egalitarianism, affective autonomy and embedednes had the highest degree of variance in realize of expectance. it is concluded the marital value of marital individuals can play a significant role in creating family structure and marital satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - 1. The intensity order of resistance training (Low to high vs. high to low) does not have effect on obestatin and ghrelin changes in obese women
Kamal Azizbeigi Niusha HasaniAim: Exercise training (ET) may affect appetite-regulating factors. The purpose of current study was to investigate the effect of order of resistance training (RT) on ghrelin and obstatin hormones changes in obese women. Methods: For this purpose, 30 obese female subjec MoreAim: Exercise training (ET) may affect appetite-regulating factors. The purpose of current study was to investigate the effect of order of resistance training (RT) on ghrelin and obstatin hormones changes in obese women. Methods: For this purpose, 30 obese female subjects voluntarily participated in the present study and were randomly assigned to three resistance training: pyramid (Low to high; n=10), Oxford (high to low; n=10) and control (n=10).RT was performed in three non-consecutive sessions per week for eight weeks.Before starting the exercise training program, and 72 hours after the last training session, blood sampling was gathered and the ghrelin and obstatin hormones concentration in plasma were measured. Also, changes in body fat percentage (BF %) were measured by skinfold test. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between pyramid and Oxford RT in the ghrelin and obstatin in the interaction between the effect of time (exercise) (p>0.05). Conclusion: Finally, it can be said that intensity order of resistance training as form pyramid and Oxford is not effective on appetite regulating hormones. This issue can be used in the designing of resistance exercise program and weight control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Evaluation and presentation of solutions to reduce heavy metals in groundwater of Garmsar plain
Moslem Soltanian Hossein Hassanpour Darvishi Seyed Habib Musavi Jahromi Mohammad NasriIran is one of the water-scarce countries in the world. The management of available water resources is one of the most important issues in water engineering. Part of the water in the surface and underground is combined with heavy metals and their quality is reduced. Thi MoreIran is one of the water-scarce countries in the world. The management of available water resources is one of the most important issues in water engineering. Part of the water in the surface and underground is combined with heavy metals and their quality is reduced. This article examines the quality of water resources in Garmsar plain. The required data was obtained in the field from wells and soil of the region and GMS software was used for modeling. In the following, a solution is presented to improve the existing situation and the result is compared with the current situation. The results showed that Scenario 2 had the greatest impact on the reduction of heavy metals and on the other hand Scenario 4 had the least impact on the values. If the solution is used, the amount of heavy metals in the water of Garmsar plain will be reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - the Analysis on the role middle cities Mazandaran province of regional development (Case study: Babol)
mehdi samimiyan rahimeh javadianImbalances and inequalities in the settlement systm and the need to achieve a balance of interest in the developmentand causes tente intermediatc in cities as one of the global straregy in this regrad it is essential to evaluate the roleand function of these citie MoreImbalances and inequalities in the settlement systm and the need to achieve a balance of interest in the developmentand causes tente intermediatc in cities as one of the global straregy in this regrad it is essential to evaluate the roleand function of these cities .in this regard it is essential to the role andevaluated the performance of these ities. Therefore,this article is to answer this question. Babol Ptansylhavtvanmndyhay system development in the region(province) what? In this paper, a method of cross-sectional study, which collected data from documents and librarymethod % pplied, Also, to data processing methods and quantitative models Nzyrmdl demographic,economic models used Vmdl hinterland the results show that the equilibrium population of the city of Babylon ableto play a role so no it increases regional imbalances. Dygrarzyaby aslo indicates that the economic performance ofthe service has a strong role in the development and economic balance of the province, and can act. Also check theinfluence of Babylon show that singnificant shhrbkhsh devoted his services to the hehinterland. Overall, theseresults suggest that in the middle of the city in the province of Babylon, as well as consistency of spatialdevelopment of the province can help. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - بررسی تعادل در نظام شهری استان کهگیلویه و بویر احمد
سید خلیل سید علی پور موسی پژوهان مجید جلالوندی -
Open Access Article
69 - Modeling the relationship between emotional balance, social intelligence and speech anxiety: The mediating role of outcome expectation and emotional arousal in students
mohammad esmaeilzadeh sadegh nasri abotaleb sadatiAbstractIntroduction: Speech anxiety originates from various factors. Two important factors in this field can be emotional balance, social intelligence mediated expectation of outcome and emotional arousal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to model the relationship MoreAbstractIntroduction: Speech anxiety originates from various factors. Two important factors in this field can be emotional balance, social intelligence mediated expectation of outcome and emotional arousal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to model the relationship between emotional balance, social intelligence and speech anxiety through the mediation of outcome expectation and emotional arousal in Farhangian University student teachers. Methods: This was a correlational study of structural equations. The statistical population of the study included all student teachers of Farhangian University of Kerman province in the academic year 1399-1400. 740 people were selected by cluster sampling method and used the scales of speech anxiety Pal (1996), emotional balance Bradborn (1969), social intelligence Silvera at all (2001), outcome expectation Betz & E (1997) and emotional arousal Gross & Jaun (2003). They replied. Pearson correlation test and path analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the model of explaining emotional balance, social intelligence and speech anxiety through mediation of outcome expectation and emotional arousal in Farhangian University student teachers has an acceptable fit. Emotional balance and social intelligence have a direct effect on speech anxiety, outcome expectation, and emotional arousal. Expectation of outcome plays a mediating role in the relationship between emotional balance and social intelligence with speech anxiety. Emotional arousal also mediates the relationship between emotional balance and social intelligence with speech anxiety. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that students' speech anxiety, which is one of the most common social anxietie Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Effects and Conditions of the Theory of Balance and Exchange Justice in Iranian Contract law and International Documents
Mir Heydar Mirnaghizadeh Hasan Pashazadeh Nasser Masoudi Alireza Lotfi -
Open Access Article
71 - بررسی تاثیر فشارهای نهادی و جنسیتی بر پذیرش و کاربرد طرحهای کار- زندگی (مطالعه ای در بین بانوان شاغل در دستگاه های اجرائی شهرستان بیجار)
نبی اله محمدی معصومه حضرت پور -
Open Access Article
72 - Look at the judicial adjustment in the light of "al-Aqoud subsidiary party"
zinat jafari fesharaki mohammad jafari fesharakiAbstractJudicial review of the contract in light of the rule of “Al-oqud-tabe’a-lel-Qosoud”Review:With the advancement of economic developments in recent centuries and the increase in the coefficient of influence of external factors in long or long-ter MoreAbstractJudicial review of the contract in light of the rule of “Al-oqud-tabe’a-lel-Qosoud”Review:With the advancement of economic developments in recent centuries and the increase in the coefficient of influence of external factors in long or long-term contracts, sometimes the balance and economic balance during the execution of the contract is so tantamount that its implementation is obligatory, although impossible, but with difficulty and There is a lot of hardship. Since the laws of Iran have not provided a solution, a judicial modification of the contract is raised, That the major reason of the opponents of contract judicial modification is its conflict with the principle of necessity; hence, in case of proving the presence of implied condition of balance of considerations in the parties’ will and intent, the above-mentioned condition is included in the rule of “Al-oqud-tabe’a-lel-Qosoud” and the contract judicial adjustment will not have any conflict with the principle of necessity. Notwithstanding, there is an important question is that how to reach the above-mentioned implied condition in the will and intent.It was concluded in the present study through descriptive-analytical method that through citing the reasons such as: esalat-alzohoor, and referring to commons, etc. the intended implied condition of balance of considerations is achieved, therefore judicial adjustment isn’t not only a secondary verdict and an exception in the principle of necessity but it is also the first verdict and in accordance with the principle of necity. Key words: Judicial adjustment, Implicit condition, Equilibrium, Intent, the rule of “Al-oqud-tabe’a-lel-Qosoud” Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - a
عباس مصلی نژاد ملیحه سلیمی -
Open Access Article
74 - Evaluating "Taadol Tarafoei (Tanazor)" in Judicial Proceedings and International Commercial Arbitration
Hassan Gholipour Mehdi Ahamadi محمدحسن جعفریThe Principle of "Taadol Tarafoei" which is also referred as "Tanazaor Principle" is one of the principles of fair trial. This is as the primary principle in all judicial systems in the world. This means that there should be fair deal between parties. Hence, violating t MoreThe Principle of "Taadol Tarafoei" which is also referred as "Tanazaor Principle" is one of the principles of fair trial. This is as the primary principle in all judicial systems in the world. This means that there should be fair deal between parties. Hence, violating this principle causes injustice in trial. This principle which is the base of justice is indicated in international documents such as European Convention of Human Rights. However, in none of Iranian laws we don’t see it as the principle for establishing justice in judicial trial. The present article tries to study the base and nature of this principle in Islamic law and international documents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Modeling the Impact of Raw Materials Suppliers Competition on Procurement Costs in the Green Closed Loop Supply Chain
saeed saljooghi Ramin SadeghianNowaday, competition affects all processes of production and supply of products, so that most manufacturers and suppliers of materials can not have a market share if they do not think about increasing quality and reducing prices, so in this article the effect of competi MoreNowaday, competition affects all processes of production and supply of products, so that most manufacturers and suppliers of materials can not have a market share if they do not think about increasing quality and reducing prices, so in this article the effect of competition of raw material suppliers on supply and procurement costs Materials for manufacturers in a multi-product supply chain Green closed loop is examined. First, competitive modeling in the supply process between raw material suppliers in different groups is done by estimating the demand for each of the chain products and setting the demand quantity parameters of each product. And the rate of return flow in the competitive model using the principles of game theory to find the equilibrium point of competition among each group of chain suppliers. Then by solving the model of changes in the cost of supply and goods for manufacturers and suppliers of chain raw materials in two cases The existence of competition and its absence are compared and decisions are made Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Application of a Mathematical Model for Balancing Assembly Lines (Case Study: Tractor Manufacturing Company)
Maghsud Solimanpur Amin ZeinalzadehAssembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production ra MoreAssembly lines are important approaches for mass production of industrial products. Nowadays, these lines are also used for producing customized products in low volume. Undesirable balancing increases the cycle time and idle time and subsequently decreases production rates and line efficiency while augmenting the cost of system. These factors ultimately reduce the productivity of manufacturing systems. For this reason, the researchers and practitioners of production and operation management take a deep concentration on assembly line balancing problem. In this paper, Boisen’s theoretic principles of line balancing are studied in the first section. In the second section, the current situation of a sample firm is analyzed and accordingly a suitable mathematical model is used for balancing with respect to the optimal standard and constraints of the firm. This model has been solved with a branch-and-bound procedure using LINGO Software and the global optimum solution has been found. In order to evaluate the effect of balancing, proper indices have been calculated for the current and proposed designs. Based on this comparison, some conclusions about the improvement of system’s performance have been pointed out. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The effect of corrective exercises on knee position and static and dynamic balance of student athletes with braced knee
Mohammad KhodaverdizadehThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corrective exercises on knee position and static and dynamic balance of student athletes with braced knees. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corrective exercises on knee position and static and dynamic balance of student athletes with braced knees. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population consisted of male high school students in Mashhad in the academic year 1399-1400. Among them, 30 people with first or second degree braces (up to 2.5 cm first degree and 2.5 to 5 cm second degree) were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 15 experimental and control Were. Knee distance, static balance and dynamic balance were measured by caliper, stork and Y balance tests, respectively. The subjects in the experimental group practiced for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes in each session. For statistical analysis of the data, combined analysis of variance was used with the help of SPSS22 statistical software. The results showed that after the training period, there was a significant decrease in the distance between the knees and a significant increase in static and dynamic balance. Anterior direction, internal posterior and external posterior were seen. According to the results, it can be acknowledged that the corrective exercises performed in the form of training protocol presented in the present study, improve the braced knee, and the balance of students with braced knee. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Evaluating the Function of Small Towns in Regional Development by Using Network Analysis Method (Case Study: Khormoj Town, Bushehr Province)
Behsa Abdollah Zahra Sadat Saeideh zarabadiIn recent decades many developing countries are facing unbalanced settlement system and regional inequalities due to the concentration of population, activities and services in large cities. In the other words, the unbalanced distribution of activities and services in t MoreIn recent decades many developing countries are facing unbalanced settlement system and regional inequalities due to the concentration of population, activities and services in large cities. In the other words, the unbalanced distribution of activities and services in the country causes extensive migrations to large cities and this gradually creates many problems in the settlement system. Therefore, in order to decentralize the big cities and achieve regional balance and development, the attention of urban and regional planners to small towns has been focused. Inequality and imbalance in the optimal distribution of services and facilities in the Bushehr province, which is one of the southern provinces of the country, has caused the unbalanced distribution of population in the province and the collapse of the settlement system. In this regard, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the function of the town of Khormoj as a small town in the regional balance and development of Bushehr province. For this purpose, Network Analysis method has been used which is one of the effective methods for determining the relationships and functional flows between the settlements of a region. In the paper, the methodology based on the objective is applied and based on the nature of the research is descriptive- analytical method. Also, the information is compiled through library studies and documents review. The results of the research show that the town of Khormoj can play a significant role in regional development and be selected as an appropriate destination for occupation and residence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Spatial analysis physical Karaj city with an emphasis on Smart city growth indices
Ali Shamaei Sajad Ghasemi Servatollah MoradiSpatial development - physical, uncontrolled urban growth and urbanization resulting in Karaj during 1335 to 1390 the population of 14,526 people in 1335 and about 2km square area of about 180km ² and a population of about 1,614,626 people become.The spatial develo MoreSpatial development - physical, uncontrolled urban growth and urbanization resulting in Karaj during 1335 to 1390 the population of 14,526 people in 1335 and about 2km square area of about 180km ² and a population of about 1,614,626 people become.The spatial development accelerated due Branch ecological resources, including agricultural land and industrial mineral soils, surface and underground water resources is heavily exploited. Rapid displacement of population, expansion of urban Aspral change uncontrolled agricultural lands and natural resources, uneven development, application, and subsequent social and economic anomalies, including issues arising from the development of urban space - the physical city is Karaj. The purpose of this study is to explain the process of spatial analysis of these issues. This research method is descriptive - analytical models using Shannon's entropy and Holdern and smart growth urban metropolis, Karaj during 1335 to 1390 has been analyzed. The results indicate that Shhrkrj from 1335 to 1390 the growth has been unevenly distributed in a separate core. Karaj growth pattern from 1375 onwards, growth has been rapid and Aspral. In 1385 the highest growth rate Aspral 24 percent. The density of people per hectare since 1375 to 1385, that figure dropped to 09/94 persons per hectare in 1375 to 52/76 persons per hectare represents an extension of the city limits. These statistics reflect the destruction of much of the best agricultural land in the surrounding.metropolitan.Tehran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Investigating the Impact of Legal and Scientific Indicators of Space Segmentation on Promotion of County to Province from the Perspective of People, Officials and Experts (Case Study of Kashan and Surroundings)
Mohamad Rahemi Hojat Mahkouii Ahmad Khademolhoseiny Ali ShamsoddiniDynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system MoreDynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system of division of the state. In general, the main purpose of this process is to provide the foundation for geographical geography and environmental justice in geographic space. Hence, from the point of view of applied political geography, a balanced division of the country into the administrative and political divisions seems to be necessary. In our country, given the nature of the rule of law and the requirements of the natural and human environment, many of these divisions have undergone and changed. In the framework of the above approach, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of formal, legal and scientific components in promoting the city of Kashan and the surrounding area to the level of a province. The methodology of the study was based on the field method by designing and analyzing the questionnaire. Manuscript profile -
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81 - بررسی و تحلیل سطح دسترسی محلات به خدمات شهری ( نمونه موردی: محلّات شهر مهریز )
صفر قائدرحمتی مهین حاضری -
Open Access Article
82 - An Analysis of the Settlement System in Ilam for Space Balancing from the Last Decades to 2011
Farideh Delshad Majid ShamsThe present study has been analyzed with respect to spatial equilibrium in Ilam province over the last few decades until 2011. A look at the census of 1976 to 2011 shows changes in the number and volume of urban areas in Ilam. The purpose of this research was to investi MoreThe present study has been analyzed with respect to spatial equilibrium in Ilam province over the last few decades until 2011. A look at the census of 1976 to 2011 shows changes in the number and volume of urban areas in Ilam. The purpose of this research was to investigate and study this phenomenon and its effects by studying the population and demographic statistics of the understudy area. The analysis was performed and the relevant data and requirements were extracted.It was concluded from the present study that one of the effective factors in the irregular settlement system of Ilam province was rural migration and of course the villagers could not be blamed for the disruption of the housing system since the lack of facilities had forced them to do so. As a result, they had rushed to the center of the province, which was regarded as the hub of the facilities and welfare. Finally the researchers presented some solutions to balance the area understudy one of which can be said to have an applied plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - جایگاه شهرهای کوچک درسلسله مراتب شهری (مطالعهی موردی: استان اصفهان)
Katayoun Baharlouei Asghar Nazarian -
Open Access Article
84 - Explaining the factors related to work-life balance and work-life balance with the mediating role of emotional intelligence and providing a desirable model (case study: nurses working in hospitals of medical sciences universities in Kerman province (
Saeed Amini Moghaddam Alireza Manzari Tavakoli Sanjar Salajegheh Zahra ShokohThis research was conducted with the aim of explaining the factors related to work-life balance with the perception of work-life balance with the mediating role of emotional intelligence in nurses of hospitals of medical sciences universities in Kerman province. The pre MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of explaining the factors related to work-life balance with the perception of work-life balance with the mediating role of emotional intelligence in nurses of hospitals of medical sciences universities in Kerman province. The present research is of mixed type and practical purpose. The method of conducting the research in the qualitative part included interviews and in the quantitative part it included structural equation modeling and the research community included all the nurses of the hospitals of medical sciences universities in Kerman province during the period of the research. The sample of the qualitative sections included 14 people and 400 quantitative ones. The data collection tool included a semi-structured in-depth interview and a researcher-made scale of factors related to work-life balance, a work-life balance perception scale, and a standard emotional intelligence questionnaire. The research data were analyzed in the qualitative part by coding and in the quantitative part by SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 software. The components related to work-life balance, both directly and through emotional intelligence, have a significant relationship with the perception of work-life balance, the factors related to work-life balance at the micro, medium, external and macro levels of the system through emotional intelligence on perception Work-life balance is effective. It is suggested to policy makers and managers to pay attention to external system components and the concepts of flexible work schedule, organizational support, and positive organization to help balance work and life and try to improve it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - An analysis of the ruling style of Shah Ismail II Safavid and his different policy in creating religious balance in Iran
zahra ghaemi saber adak mohsen heydarniaShah Ismail II came to the kingdom after Shah Tahmasb Safavi for a short time and took charge of the Safavid government. He adopted a different policy in the administration of the country, which provoked many criticisms in the Safavid court. He tried to make it easier f MoreShah Ismail II came to the kingdom after Shah Tahmasb Safavi for a short time and took charge of the Safavid government. He adopted a different policy in the administration of the country, which provoked many criticisms in the Safavid court. He tried to make it easier for the government to treat the Sunnis and reduce the power of the Shiite scholars. A series of these behaviors caused his reign to be short and finally, he was poisoned and killed. It seems that Shah Ismail II made a new plan in the way of governing the country and because of meeting with a number of Sunnis during his imprisonment, he changed his approach towards this religious group and went so far in conciliating them that he was suspected of being a Sunni. give strength Also, Shah Ismail II believed that the unrestrained interference of Shia scholars in the administration of the country had weakened the power of the Safavid government. As a result, the role of this group in macro policies was diminished. In this research, it has been tried to investigate and analyze the behavior of the mentioned king against intellectual and religious currents The current research method is descriptive-analytical and the data is collected by referring to library sources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Analysis of the Effect of News Shocks Related to the Future Technology on on on Economic Welfare
mohammad alibegli nader mehregan alireza erfaniThe present article aimed to understand the effect of news shocks related to the technology on macroeconomic variables. In this regard, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model was used to analyze the reaction of macroeconomic variables in Iran based on seasonal d MoreThe present article aimed to understand the effect of news shocks related to the technology on macroeconomic variables. In this regard, a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model was used to analyze the reaction of macroeconomic variables in Iran based on seasonal data during 2001-2021. The results indicate that the news shocks increases the productivity of all production factors within one standard deviation. This increase escalates the wage rate as well as the interest rate. Household consumption, production and investment also increase opposing this shock. Due to the increase in production, the working hours will increase and consequently the inflation will decrease. Moreover, the economic prosperity grows due to the increased consumption and production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The effect of oil shocks on economic resilience in Iran
najme alsadat robati Ali RaeispourRajabali Abdol Majid jalaeeIn the field of the new Keynesian school, this paper has been specified and estimated by the method of stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model in the small open export economy, in accordance with the structure of Iran's economy. Using the simulation results of the MoreIn the field of the new Keynesian school, this paper has been specified and estimated by the method of stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model in the small open export economy, in accordance with the structure of Iran's economy. Using the simulation results of the main model, while using the estimated parameters, the effects of oil shocks in recent years on selected macroeconomic variables have been evaluated. Determining the degree to which oil revenues affect economic indicators can, in addition to determining the degree of economic resilience, help policymakers determine future plans. The phenomenon of fluctuations in foreign exchange earnings from oil exports, due to the dependence of the structure of Iran's economy on oil revenues, affects all macroeconomic variables - both in the public and private sectors. Accordingly, it is proposed to reform the tax system and reduce dependence on oil revenues, diversify the government's revenue portfolio, commit to a balanced budget and prevent disproportionate growth of the monetary base, strengthen the role of the foreign exchange reserve fund and monetary discipline for the government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) on Social Security Resources in Iran
Soheila Sobhani Mohammad Hassan Fotros Golamali Haji Esmael TorkamaniThe impact of the development of information and communication technology on the labor market and social security has been the focus of international labor and social security organizations. This study examines the impact of ICT on Social Security Resources in the conte MoreThe impact of the development of information and communication technology on the labor market and social security has been the focus of international labor and social security organizations. This study examines the impact of ICT on Social Security Resources in the context of Iran’s economy during the period 1999 to 2019, using the Stochastic Dynamic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model, focused on duality of labor market (formal and informal). The results of the study show that the development of information and communication technology affects social security resources by changing the structure of employment. A survey on the variables response to the positive impulse of ICT shows that the further increase in job opportunities in the informal sector provides more access to jobs in this sector and increasing in the participation rate, the number of informal workers increases. The finding show increasing in informal employment causes an increase in the lost resources of social security. Based on the results, it is suggested that policymakers and insurance funds develop flexible programs in order to expand insurance coverage and support informal workers with the participation of employers and the government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Role of Economic and Environmental Policies on Preventing Air Pollution
Marziyeh Sadat Vahabzadeh Moghadam Karim Eami Farzaneh Haju HassaniThe purpose of the article is to investigate the role of economic and environmental policies on preventing air pollution using the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model during the period of 1990-2019. Based on the results of the model, the economic policy MoreThe purpose of the article is to investigate the role of economic and environmental policies on preventing air pollution using the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model during the period of 1990-2019. Based on the results of the model, the economic policy shock causes a sudden increase in economic growth and consumption and then their decrease; However, the economic policy shock increases air pollution. The shock of environmental policies, firstly, increases consumption and economic growth and then decreases them. Investment also decreases as a result of the shock of environmental policies. Based on the results of variance analysis, the role of economic policies for the country's economic situation and creating air pollution is greater than environmental policies. The role of environmental policies in reducing air pollution is less than the role of economic policies in increasing air pollution. It is suggested that when the government increases its expenditures, it imposes green taxes or carbon emission taxes at a lower rate than the increase in government expenditures so that the economic growth of the country will continue to be maintained along with the reduction of environmental pollution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Modeling the Effects of Indirect Taxes on the Welfare of Income Deciles in Iran with the Computable General Equilibrium Application
Akbar Khodabakhshi Saeideh RoustaeiAfter oil revenues, taxes are the second and most important source of government expenditure in Iran's economy. On the other hand, considering the importance of social justice as one of the main goals of the government, the effects of imposing taxes on households are al MoreAfter oil revenues, taxes are the second and most important source of government expenditure in Iran's economy. On the other hand, considering the importance of social justice as one of the main goals of the government, the effects of imposing taxes on households are also very important. Therefore, this research, using a calculable general equilibrium model, seeks to investigate the welfare effects of imposing indirect taxes on different income deciles in Iran. For this purpose, two scenarios have been applied and the reactions of households with different income deciles to these scenarios have been investigated. In the first scenario, a uniform tax was imposed on all goods and services at a rate of five percent and in the second scenario, a tax on food at a zero rate, a tax on some luxury goods at a rate of 14 pecent and a tax on other goods at the same rate of 5 percent. EV index was also used to measure welfare. The results of the model show that the imposition of indirect taxes in the first scenario worsens the welfare of low-income households, while the second scenario improves the welfare of poor households and worsens the welfare of rich households. However, in the first scenario, the GDP was higher than in the second scenario. Therefore, it is recommended to choose a tax policy using an integrated tax system, we will see efficiency and economic justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Analysis of agency conflict with emphasis on aspects of earnings management, audit quality and cost of equity; Game theory approach
Zahra Moghaddam Hamzeh Didar Kiumars Shahbazi Ali EbadianThe purpose of this article is to describe and explain the strategic behavior of managers and shareholders in the interactive-conflict environment of joint-stock firms using the tools of game theory and in the form of signaling games. In such a way that first, taking in MoreThe purpose of this article is to describe and explain the strategic behavior of managers and shareholders in the interactive-conflict environment of joint-stock firms using the tools of game theory and in the form of signaling games. In such a way that first, taking into account the level of quality of internal controls, the manager acts on (deceptive and informative earning management) and then the shareholder with strategies (high capital cost, low capital cost) and also (high-quality audit services, low-quality audit services) reacts to it. The findings of the research, theoretically, the necessary conditions for establishing balance in the strategies (deceptive earning management, high capital cost), (deceptive earning management, high-quality audit services) in the environment of weak internal controls. In addition, it shows the condition of establishing equilibrium in the strategies (informative earning management, low capital cost), (informative earning management, low-quality audit services) in the environment of strong internal controls.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Welfare costs of inflation using frictional unemployment in Iran:General Equilibrium Model approach
Hossein Nasrollahi Karim Emami kambiz Peykarjou Abbas Memarnejad Taghi TorabiThe objective of this paper is to examine the welfare cost of inflation in the context of Iran's economy, incorporating labor market frictions (search theory) within a monetary general equilibrium model. The model also features a cash-in-advance constraint. To achieve t MoreThe objective of this paper is to examine the welfare cost of inflation in the context of Iran's economy, incorporating labor market frictions (search theory) within a monetary general equilibrium model. The model also features a cash-in-advance constraint. To achieve this goal, through the utilization of calibration and sensitivity analysis in the steady state, the findings indicate that both employment and production are contingent on the elasticity of labor supply and the elasticity of vacancies in job matches. Depending on these two parameters, they may exhibit an increase in response to an escalation in the inflation rate. Additionally, the three-month optimal inflation rate in a stable state is determined to be 4.66%. The welfare gains, derived from reducing the three-month inflation rate from its current level of 5.3% to the optimal rate in a steady state, is calculated to be 0.0031% of total consumption. Therefore, based on the results, it is suggested that in inflation reduction policies, the effects of this reduction on welfare are taken into consideration, and special attention should be paid to the area of business investment by giving tax incentives, especially tax credits.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Identification of Monetary Policy Items Influencing the Banking System
sorayya rafiee ghareshiran Karim Emami Farhad GhaffariThe purpose of this paper is to identify the effective factors of monetary policy on the banking system as one of the most important sectors of macroeconomics. Therefore, the effective factors of monetary policy on the banking system using the Dynamic Randomized Equilib MoreThe purpose of this paper is to identify the effective factors of monetary policy on the banking system as one of the most important sectors of macroeconomics. Therefore, the effective factors of monetary policy on the banking system using the Dynamic Randomized Equilibrium Model (DSGE) and the emergence of long-run macroeconomic ratios in the 1370s and 1380s And others' studies.The results showed that with a positive shock to the interest rate, due to lower demand for loans, the lending rate and, as a result, banks' profits decrease, and due to positive oil shocks, liquidity increases, lending rates and investment increases, and the household's willingness Reduces savings, resulting in lower bank profitability. Based on the results, while considering the importance of the role of financial factors in the transfer mechanism and the intensity of monetary policy effects by policy makers, it is suggested to adopt measures to adjust the effects of economic shocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Labor Market Equilibrium in Profit-sharing Model Emphasizing on Islamic Approach
yadollah dadgar Iraj Totonchian mohammadreza armanmehrProfit-sharing of the workers is a fairly way for the workforce which plays a vital role in efficiency and sustainable economic growth. Studying this subject by Islamic approach can be a new step. The supply and demand balance in the Profit-Sharing model will be analyze MoreProfit-sharing of the workers is a fairly way for the workforce which plays a vital role in efficiency and sustainable economic growth. Studying this subject by Islamic approach can be a new step. The supply and demand balance in the Profit-Sharing model will be analyzed from the perspective of Islam. In this paper, the data will be collected in libraries and the documentation analyzed by using content analysis. In addition, depended on Islamic economical principles, geometrical and mathematical means are used to explain the matter more reasonably. To investigate the equilibrium of labor share in the economy, firstly, the labor market equilibrium rent is investigated. Then, the effect of Profit-sharing model of Islamic Economics will be studied on the balance of labor supply and demand. The stability of the economy equilibrium in profit-Sharing will be expressed based on Islamic teachings. Finally, some results of profit-Sharing Model are described. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Evaluation of Trade Rent-Seeking Effects on the Iran’s Economy through Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Model
samaneh moghaddasfar seyed komail tayebi alimorad sharifiThe purpose of this paper is to design a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibriummodel to examine the effect of trade rent-seeking on labor behavior in Iran's economy. The empirical results of the analysis of Impulse Response Functions indicate that, with the positive sho MoreThe purpose of this paper is to design a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibriummodel to examine the effect of trade rent-seeking on labor behavior in Iran's economy. The empirical results of the analysis of Impulse Response Functions indicate that, with the positive shock of the trade revenue, the trade rent-seeking rate has increased, and the labors has reduced its productive activity. In order to examine more precisely the welfare cost of rent-seeking, by Lucas's compensated variation pattern has been shown to decrease a 10% in rent-seeking rate it is increased households welfare benefit by 6%. Therefore, it is suggested that the economic policymaker with the import tariff setting based on the economic and society’s livelihood needs restricts the bargaining by the owners of the profit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Evaluation of Nominal Wage Rigidities' Sensitivity in Dynamic Stochasic General Equilibrium by Considering the Stock Price Bubbles
Kiomars sohaili shahram fatahi narges rahmanianiThe main goal of this study is to introduce a general stochastic dynamic equilibrium model with sensitivity analysis for the wage rigidity in Iran's economy using the seasonal data from 1995-2014. The results showed, capital market dynamics influence the real sector of MoreThe main goal of this study is to introduce a general stochastic dynamic equilibrium model with sensitivity analysis for the wage rigidity in Iran's economy using the seasonal data from 1995-2014. The results showed, capital market dynamics influence the real sector of Iranian economy. The monetary policy shock has a significant impact on macroeconomic variables and stock prices. The volatilities in stock prices helps to explain the Iranian business cycles. In the case of bubble in asset prices, credit constraint in firms was decreased and their opportunity cost decreases and causes a downward pressure on the marginal costs and finally inflation decreases. By assuming wage rigidity, possibility of wage adjustment with regard to monetary shock decreases and the reaction of labour and labour supply is been more strict. And changes in production is slower than when the wage perfect flexibility exist. Based on the results, using of the model with wage rigidity in order to better simulate the real world is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Inflation Persistency in Iran with the Heterogeneous Approach of Economic Agents in Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Models
Mansour Khalili Araghi yazdan gudarzi farahaniThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the inflation persistency regarding the heterogeneous behavior of economic agents. For this, the data were used from 1991-2015 based on seasonal data and Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models. The innovation of this pa MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the inflation persistency regarding the heterogeneous behavior of economic agents. For this, the data were used from 1991-2015 based on seasonal data and Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium models. The innovation of this paper is Calvo pricing assumption regarding the lag in inflation rate and indexing parameter in which inflation persistency conditions computing will be more relevant to Iran’s economy. The results showed that inflation expectations have a major role in inflation rate formation so that even if the inflation rate declines it will occur in a longer time due to inflation persistency. It, was cleared the prices have less reaction ability in relation to inflation persistency. It is suggested to the monetary authorities by considering the domestic inflation targeting rule in addition to inflation control, they stabilize the domestic production in the natural level in which it is required the monetary authorities to have credibility in views of economic agents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Game Theory Approach to Modeling and Analyzing Inheritance Allocation of a Passed-away Couple
majid sheikhmohammadi mostafa abbasiThe main aim of this study is to model and analyze the challenge of inheritance allocation remained by a passed-away couple based on the inheritors strategies and objectives by using Game Theory approach. So, by the help of Graph model to analyze the challenges between MoreThe main aim of this study is to model and analyze the challenge of inheritance allocation remained by a passed-away couple based on the inheritors strategies and objectives by using Game Theory approach. So, by the help of Graph model to analyze the challenges between the inheritors of a passed-away couple based on the laws and regulations in Islamic Republic o Iran. This model contains two kinds of players selected through 64 abstract constructions of the strategies by applying some limitations and analyzed 8 possible cases and finally, 2 cases predicted as more likely. The results represent that this competition has two equilibriums. That is, if the players stand in thie situations, they have no desire to exit. By the coalition of the players, the results will be more appropriate to get more. The findings of the modeling is completely consistent with real results of the challenges. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The Impacts of Tariff Cuts on the Iranian Labor Market: Case Study of Agricultural, Food, Apparel and Textile Sectors
mohammad mehdi barghi oskooeeAbstract In this paper, the effect of trade openness on the level of employment and the rate of wages has been evaluated by using a computable general equilibrium model. The results represent that through the cuts of general imports tariff, the percentage changes of to MoreAbstract In this paper, the effect of trade openness on the level of employment and the rate of wages has been evaluated by using a computable general equilibrium model. The results represent that through the cuts of general imports tariff, the percentage changes of total employment level as well as the employment level of unskilled labor will be increased. Likewise, by decreasing the percentage of skilled labor wages to follow more tariff cuts, wages inequality is improved. Also, it is clear that more tariff cuts on food, apparel and textile commodities will decrease the percentage changes of total level employment and unskilled labors. Since, the percentage changes of skilled labor wages will be increased in comparison with unskilled labors by increasing tariff cuts. Thus, it can be concluded that wider trade openness in the food, apparel and textile commodities leads to the increase of wages inequality. However, under the effect of the tariff cuts in agricultural commodities, the percentage changes of total employment as well as the employment of unskilled labors will be increased and by the decline of percentage changes of skilled labor wages, there is a decrease in the inequality of wages between skilled and unskilled labors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - The Welfare Computation under Different Fiscal Policies in an Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy Model Framework
hosein marzban zahra dehghan parviz rostamzadeh hamidreza izadiThe aim of this paper is computing the welfare under different fiscal policies by using of a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model in an optimal monetary and fiscal policy framework for the Iran's economy. In order to investigating the effects of using tax MoreThe aim of this paper is computing the welfare under different fiscal policies by using of a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model in an optimal monetary and fiscal policy framework for the Iran's economy. In order to investigating the effects of using tax instruments some different scenarios were provided. First scenario, the case with all taxes available, Second scenario, the case without consumption taxes, third scenario, the case of income and consumption taxes. The results indicate that the number of fiscal policy instruments available to the planner, plays an important role in the welfare changes in the optimal monetary and fiscal policy model. The minimum welfare loss occurs in last scenario and the maximum of welfare loss is related to second scenario. The proposal is that planner deal with determining polices in an optimum fiscal and monetary policy model, regarding available fiscal policy instruments and effects from economic shocks on welfare changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Inflation Behavior of Tradable and Non-Tradable Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Approach
javid bahrami Behnoosh sadat Aghayan esfandiar jahangardAbstract The purpose of this paper is to study the factors affecting Tradable and Non-tradable inflation. Accordingly, Dynamic stochastic General Equilibrium model was used during the period 1991 to 2016. The results of the Impulse Response Functions (IRF) indicate tha MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper is to study the factors affecting Tradable and Non-tradable inflation. Accordingly, Dynamic stochastic General Equilibrium model was used during the period 1991 to 2016. The results of the Impulse Response Functions (IRF) indicate that non-tradable inflation is more responsive as a result of shocks. Monetary shock has had the greatest impact on non-tradable inflation, while Exchange rate and monetary shock have the greatest impact on tradable inflation in terms of initial effect and durability respectively. Based on the results, policy makers' attention to the components of inflation is suggested when economic decisions are made. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Macroeconomic Effects of Structural Reforms in Iran's Retirement System
hoda jafari Abbas Najafizadeh Esmaieel Safarzade Gholam Ali HajiAbstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distributive and welfare effects of the transition from the current payment system to a partially funding system in Iran. For this purpose a six period OLG Models have been designed and simulated. The simulation MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the distributive and welfare effects of the transition from the current payment system to a partially funding system in Iran. For this purpose a six period OLG Models have been designed and simulated. The simulation results of the specified model show that, the consumption of all generations has increased and the saving of individuals and, consequently, capital accumulation in the economy is decline due to these reforms; the result of these changes is the decline in total production of economy. Based on these results and the widespread recession in the country's economy, it is suggested that policymakers do not resort to structural reforms and transition to funded system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Analyzing the Relationship between Wireless Communication Company and its Subscribers through Dynamic Games
Omid Ali AdeliAbstract Wireless Communication Company (WCC) usually faces the problem of in-time phone bill payment by some subscribers and so encountering this group is a very sensitive challenge. In this paper, the researcher tries to analyze this problem through dynamic games by MoreAbstract Wireless Communication Company (WCC) usually faces the problem of in-time phone bill payment by some subscribers and so encountering this group is a very sensitive challenge. In this paper, the researcher tries to analyze this problem through dynamic games by complete information to consider the possible choices of the company, as well as some assumptions about typical subscriber preferences and ranking them. The way of action, existing strategies and their consequences, the sub-game equilibrium, and the total game will be shown in the form of a wide spread game. It is then solved using Sub-game Perfect Equilibrium method (SPE). The game equilibrium reveals that WCC will disconnect the subscriber's phone in one directional form when he or she does not pay the bill and the subscriber quickly reacts via paying the bill and not using the company's services any more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Iran and Qatar Cooperation in Gas Production from South Pars (North Dome) Gas-Condensate Field: A Game Theory Framework
Elmira Bayati Bijan Safavi Amir JafarzadehAbstract The purpose of this article is to examine the cooperation between Iran and Qatar in withdrawal of shared reservoirs of South Pars gas field (in Qatar: North Dome) by using game theory. The failure of a credible international agreement in determining the magnit MoreAbstract The purpose of this article is to examine the cooperation between Iran and Qatar in withdrawal of shared reservoirs of South Pars gas field (in Qatar: North Dome) by using game theory. The failure of a credible international agreement in determining the magnitude of the exploitation has led Qatar to become more promising by investing more in its oil and gas industries than Iran; this imbalance has caused a rash and pernicious competition. Following this incident, the main purpose of the paper is to examine the type of communication (cooperative or non-cooperative) through the game theory to achieve an optimal economic strategy for Iran. Results based on non-cooperative game design, solving methods through methods of elimination of dominated strategies (dominate strategies equilibrium), and Nash equilibrium showed that choosing the non-cooperative strategy is optimized for both countries and non-cooperation has more economic benefits for Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Mixed-Strategy Nash Equilibrium and Soccer Players A Case Study of Penalty Kicks
morteza sameti mehdi fath abadi kamran kasraei Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium (MSNE) is a concept commonly used in Game Theory. The game between the kicker and goalkeeper in soccer penalty kicks is a real game used to examine the application of the MSNE concept or the rate of its accuracy. The data were colle More Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium (MSNE) is a concept commonly used in Game Theory. The game between the kicker and goalkeeper in soccer penalty kicks is a real game used to examine the application of the MSNE concept or the rate of its accuracy. The data were collected on the direction of kicks and jumps in 106 penalties kicked in Premier League of Iran and the predictions of the model analyzed. The observations represented that given the probability distribution of kick direction, the optimal strategy for goalkeepers is to stay in the center of the goal; but the goalkeepers, almost always, jumped to the right or left. Finally, the “left-left” pattern is the most frequent and have the greatest number of observations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Evaluation of Home Bias in Consumption and Exchange Rate Fluctuations (DSGE Approach)
Mohammad Akbari mohammad javad sharifzade ali ranjbarakiThe aim of this study is to evaluate the result of the exsictance and change in consumer home bias on macroeconomic variables (such as consumption and inflation), in the event of exogenous shocks to the economy. In order to do so, seasonal data of the period 1394-1370 a MoreThe aim of this study is to evaluate the result of the exsictance and change in consumer home bias on macroeconomic variables (such as consumption and inflation), in the event of exogenous shocks to the economy. In order to do so, seasonal data of the period 1394-1370 and a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model has been used. After designing the model, parameters of the suggested model are estimated by Bayesian approach. Reviewing the impulse response functions in the event of exogenous shocks (such as oil revenue shock and technological shock) shows that, with home bias exsictance in the model, inflation and consumption volatility will reduced due to the increased volatility of exchange rate. Based on the results it is recommended that, In order to control endogenous variables (including inflation), In the event of exogenous shocks, especially oil revenue shock, the exchange rate should be allowed to fluctuate more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Assessing the Structure of Bank Deposits Market in Iran
mohammad nabi shahiki tash kamran mahmoodpourAbstract The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the structure of banking structure in Iran and assess the monopoly power factor based on Bresnahan and Lau approach. In this paper, the market situation of monetary in Iran consisted 18 active banks are studied dur MoreAbstract The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the structure of banking structure in Iran and assess the monopoly power factor based on Bresnahan and Lau approach. In this paper, the market situation of monetary in Iran consisted 18 active banks are studied during 2007–2011. By the use of Bresnahan's market power model, it is found that there is no deposit market for pre-said banks in Iranian banking industry. The coefficients estimated by the research model have represented that the hypothesis of perfect competition without any withholding rates and deposit rates can be rejected for the entire market. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The Effect of Mark-up Shocks on Intensification of Stagflation in Iran’s Economy: DSGE Approach
Teymour Mohammadi abbas shakeri Masoume EmamikalaeeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of existence of mark-up shocks, which is a criterion for monopolistic structure of industries on intensification of stagflation phenomenon in Iran’s economy. For this purpose, it has been utilized by the metho MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of existence of mark-up shocks, which is a criterion for monopolistic structure of industries on intensification of stagflation phenomenon in Iran’s economy. For this purpose, it has been utilized by the methodology of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium during the period of 1959-2014. The findings showed that mark-up shock increases price and decreases production which shows the existence of stagflation. Meanwhile, the mark-up shock will instantly decrease consumption and investment. As a result, mark-up shock does not have a positive effect on the economy as it tend to produce stagflation. Based on the results, it is possible that by consideration anti-monopoly laws it can be prevented increasing the mark-up. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The Role of Tendency of Government Preference in an Optimal Fiscal Policy Model in the Presence of Agent Heterogeneity in A dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Framework
hamidreza izadiAbstract This paper examines an optimal fiscal policy model in the presence of agents heterogeneous in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium framework. Therefore, the presence of heterogeneous agents in the model led MoreAbstract This paper examines an optimal fiscal policy model in the presence of agents heterogeneous in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium framework. Therefore, the presence of heterogeneous agents in the model led to create limitation that will be call government preference. The role of these preferences and tendency of the Government to the poor or the rich group can change the results of optimal policies on the economy. By using a dynamic stochastic general model, the role of government preferences tendency was been surveyed. The results indicate that in these models, the role of government expenditure financing through available taxes in the policymaking system, is partly dependent on the government preferences tendency. On the bases of the results, it is suggested that separating the government preferences and tendency in relation to the poor and the rich. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Modeling the Effects of Green Tax on Health Sector Costs Using a Computable General Equilibrium Model
Mohammad Ali Torki Harchegani Nazar DahmardehAbstract The purpose of this paper is to consider the effects of green taxes on health costs in Iran. Accordingly, to achieve this goal, a computable general equilibrium model was used taking into account the interactions between energy, economy, environment and health MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper is to consider the effects of green taxes on health costs in Iran. Accordingly, to achieve this goal, a computable general equilibrium model was used taking into account the interactions between energy, economy, environment and health sectors simultaneously. The model was calibrated with data from the Social Accounting Matrix of 2011 and the endogenous variables of the model were calculated using the GAMS software using MCP technique. The results showed that by increasing the green tax rates, the health costs caused by the reduction of air pollution would be significantly reduced. Also, the financial impact on health indicators included mortality, morbidity and non-health effects of air pollution were estimated 62, 26.4 and 11.6 percent, respectively. Based on the results, implementation of green taxes can be reduced the health costs of air pollution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Effects of Mining Sector and Mining Industries Development on Government Revenue and Income of Households in Iran
davoud behboudi mohammad mehdi barghi oskoee Robab Mohammadi khaneghahiAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an increase in the investment and productivity of the mining sector on government revenue and income of households in Iran. For this respect, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model and socia MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an increase in the investment and productivity of the mining sector on government revenue and income of households in Iran. For this respect, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model and social accounting matrix (SAM) for Iran for year 1390 is used. The results showed that increasing in mining sector investment and improving its total factor productivity positively affected government revenue and income of households in both urban and rural groups. The results also reveal that the development in the mining sector in Iran has the least effect on the income of rural households and the most effect on income of urban households. Based on the results, it is necessary for policymakers to adopt policies to increase investment and improve the total factor productivity of the mining sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Investigating Heckscher-Ohlin Theory in Iran-Germany International Trade: A Computable General Equilibrium Approach
sara pandazmay seyed Abdolmajid Jalaee Mohsen Zayandeh RoodiAbstract The study of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory is crucial for countries seeking comparative advantage, taking into account the production methods and technology of these countries. Iran also needs to develop a model for the production and export of goods, as well as i MoreAbstract The study of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory is crucial for countries seeking comparative advantage, taking into account the production methods and technology of these countries. Iran also needs to develop a model for the production and export of goods, as well as imports of materials and goods, in order to develop and develop its trade relations with Germany. To achieve this, the effect of the relative abundance of labor and capital on the exports of both countries of Iran and Germany is studied in the form of a computable general equilibrium model and the use of the GTAP software. The results of various scenarios show that in the sectors of agriculture, industry and mining, services and oil and gas, which indicate the sectors of oil and non-oil exports in the economy of Iran and Germany, exports of services and industry and mining sectors, respectively, have the greatest effect on economic growth of both Country has Accordingly, it is proposed to accelerate the economic growth in both countries by focusing on strengthening non-oil exports, with emphasis on industrial and service exports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Study of Exchange Rate Dynamics in Iran by Using Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) Models
mojtaba asghari ali haghighat masoud nonejad Hashem zareThe purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamics of exchange rates and the role of monetary and financial policies. For this purpose, we use a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) for a small open economy during the period of 1990-2016. The results show tha MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamics of exchange rates and the role of monetary and financial policies. For this purpose, we use a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) for a small open economy during the period of 1990-2016. The results show that in different scenarios there are signs of Dutch disease as a weakening of the trade sector, the strengthening of the non-trade sector, the increase in prices in the trade sector, the reduction of prices in the commercial sector and the reduction of the real exchange rate. Based on the results, active financial policies are recommended to control exchange rate fluctuations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Effect of six weeks band resistance training on performance parameters in young soccer players
Hamoon Deldar Siavash Rahmati Behzad TaatiBackground and purpose: Functional indicators and specifically, balance, flexibility and strength of hamstring muscles can have a significant impact on the competitive performance of soccer players, so that it can even reduce the injuries of soccer players to some exten MoreBackground and purpose: Functional indicators and specifically, balance, flexibility and strength of hamstring muscles can have a significant impact on the competitive performance of soccer players, so that it can even reduce the injuries of soccer players to some extent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of using Theraband(elastic band) along with regular football training on the performance indicators of soccer players.Material and Methods: 16 soccer players working in the leagues of Tehran province participated in this research and were randomly divided into two groups of eight people, including the Theraband group (usual soccer training and Theraband training) and the control group (usual soccer training). The training protocol included six weeks of 90-minute football training and 3 sessions per week. The difference between the exercises of the two groups was the core of the exercises in 20 minutes, and the Theraband group did special exercises with the Theraband stretcher during this 20-minute period. The pre-test and post-tests of both groups were taken in the same way and at the same time. The players' balance was measured by the Romberg test, and the players' flexibility was measured by the Wells test (sitting and extending the arms), and the strength of the hamstring muscles was measured by the Biodex model dynamometer. 3 Made in the USA was measured. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Analysis of Unbalanced Photovoltaic Systems Generation on Four-Wire Unbalance Distribution System of Shiraz
Hossein Karimianfard Hossein HaghighatThe use of distributed energy resources in power grids and in particular in the distribution system has gained noticeable popularity and growth in recent years. Given the increasing use of solar energy resources in low voltage grids, an appropriate strategy to coordinat MoreThe use of distributed energy resources in power grids and in particular in the distribution system has gained noticeable popularity and growth in recent years. Given the increasing use of solar energy resources in low voltage grids, an appropriate strategy to coordinate and control these resources is necessary in order to reduce annual grid energy losses and improve grid voltage profiles. In this paper, the optimization and coordination of local photovoltaic resources in a four-wire unbalanced low voltage distribution network is proposed and investigated for a given time horizon. The simulation is performed on a part of Shiraz low voltage network. Two scenarios are investigated: in the first scenario balanced output of three phase energy resources which are dispersed and uncontrolled, is considered. In the second scenario a situation is analyzed in which the output levels of these resources are unbalanced. The effect of these two scenarios on the annual energy losses of the network in question is thoroughly examined and discussed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - A New Topology for Switched Capacitor Multilevel Inverter Based on H-Bridge Submodules
Majid Hosseinpour Erfan Panahlou Ali Seifi Abdolmajid DejamkhooyReducing the number of voltage sources and the power electronics components while obtaining voltage boosting in the output voltage are the key parameters in the research area of the multilevel inverter design. A lesser number of components would ensure lesser cost while MoreReducing the number of voltage sources and the power electronics components while obtaining voltage boosting in the output voltage are the key parameters in the research area of the multilevel inverter design. A lesser number of components would ensure lesser cost while higher boosting ability increases its application potential. In this paper, a new H-bridge based single-source switched capa­citor multilevel inverter structure is introduced. The proposed structure including two K-type units (KTU) can produce nineteen voltage levels with a voltage boosting of 1.5 times the input voltage. This converter consists of fourteen switches, two diodes, one voltage source and five capacitors with self-balancing capability. A comprehensive comparative comparison with the recent presented topologies have been carried out to investigate the performance of proposed structure. The main features of the proposed structure are utilizing single DC voltage source, self-balancing of the capacitors the capability of the input voltage, reducing the power electronics components in terms of voltage level count, and thus reducing the overall cost. The simulation results in the Matlab/simulink environment and the experimental laboratory results are provided to verify the satisfactory operation of the propo­sed topology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Using Modular Multilevel Converter-Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator Integrated with Yy-Transformer to Compensate Reactive Power and Unbalanced Voltage in Distribution Grid
Asghar EskandariUnbalanced loads in the distribution grid can cause unbalanced supply voltage and reduce the power quality of the system. Besides, reactive power loads might create the voltage disturbances such as voltage sag/swell. In this paper, a four-wire distribution static synchr MoreUnbalanced loads in the distribution grid can cause unbalanced supply voltage and reduce the power quality of the system. Besides, reactive power loads might create the voltage disturbances such as voltage sag/swell. In this paper, a four-wire distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM) integrated with Yy-transformer to compensate both the unbalanced voltage and reactive power is proposed. A DSTATCOM based on modular multilevel converter (MMC) connects to the group of taps in the primary windings of Yy-transformer to constitute an interconnected structure. The compensating currents flow through the taps. This structure is similar to an autotransformer. Compared to the conventional MMC-DSTATCOM, with proposed structure, The DSTATCOM connection point voltage decreases and one can trade-off between the capability of the power device's rated voltage and current. Therefore, it can be decreased the primary investment costs, the voltage stresses and the size of compensation system. Furthermore, a control algorithm based on measuring the point of common coupling (PCC) instantaneous voltage and current is presented that it is able to compensate the zero and negative sequence voltage due to unbalanced laod and grid. To compensate these components, voltage and current loops are used to track accurately the reference voltages of MMC-DSTATCOM by means of unbalanced algorithm. Simulation results verify the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Optimal Bidding Strategy of Generation Companies (GenCos) in Energy and Spinning Reserve Markets Using Linear Programming
Hassan Barati Ali Habibzadeh Afshin Lashkarara Jamshid AghaeiIn this paper a new bidding strategy become modeling to day-ahead markets. The proposed algorithm is related to the point of view of a generation company (Genco) that its end is maximized its benefit as a participant in sale markets of active power and spinning reserve. MoreIn this paper a new bidding strategy become modeling to day-ahead markets. The proposed algorithm is related to the point of view of a generation company (Genco) that its end is maximized its benefit as a participant in sale markets of active power and spinning reserve. In this method, hourly forecasted energy price (FEP) and forecasted reserve price (FRP) is used as a reference to model the possible and probable price strategies of Gencos. A bi-level optimization problem That first level, is used to maximize the individual Genco’s payoffs for obtaining the optimal offered quantity of Gencos. The second one, uses the results of the upper sub-problem and minimizes the consumer’s payment with regard to the technical and network constraints, which leads to the awarded generation of the Gencos. In this paper use of the game theory in exist optimization model. The paper proposes a linear programming approach. A six bus system is employed to illustrate the application of the proposed method and to show its high precision and capabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Speed Control of Induction Machine Based on Matrix Converter with Unbalanced Input Voltage
Malek Mohammadrezaei Gholam Reza Arab Arash Daghighi Jafar SoltaniMatrix Converter (MC) is a direct energy conversion device with high input power factor. As a device without dc link elements, its output characteristic and reliability can be degraded by ac line side disturbances. This has attracted many researchers to make efforts to MoreMatrix Converter (MC) is a direct energy conversion device with high input power factor. As a device without dc link elements, its output characteristic and reliability can be degraded by ac line side disturbances. This has attracted many researchers to make efforts to solve this problem. In this paper, under unbalanced input voltage conditions, behaviors of the MC controlled with Venturini method are analyzed. The output voltage is estimated and a PI controller compensation method to prevent negative effects of the input voltage harmonics is proposed. Using this technique, output harmonic contents are reduced and stable control of the load voltages and currents is ensured. The MC is used for fed induction motor that reference voltage for converter is computed with controller based on input-output feed-back linearization. Simulation results are presented in the paper to verify effectiveness of the approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Design of a Sliding Mode Controller for Two-Wheeled Balancing Robot
Ehsan Abbas nejad Abbas HarifiNowadays, the control of mechanical systems with fewer inputs than outputs (Under-actuated systems) has become a challenging problem for control engineers. Two-wheeled balancing robots is one of the appealing examples of this category. This type of robot contains two pa MoreNowadays, the control of mechanical systems with fewer inputs than outputs (Under-actuated systems) has become a challenging problem for control engineers. Two-wheeled balancing robots is one of the appealing examples of this category. This type of robot contains two parallel wheels and an inverted pendulum. In this research, designing of controller have been investigated for flat surfaces. For controller design, the extract dynamics of the system has been achieved based on Kane's method. Then for the two-wheeled balancing robot, one sliding mode controller has been designed for yaw angle, and another sliding mode controller has been designed to control both position and pitch angle based on a proposed sliding surface. The main feature of the proposed controllers is that all of controllers have been designed based on the nonlinear dynamics of system. Also, considering the limits of uncertainties while designing systems, the robustness of controllers have been increased. The common problem of sliding mode control is chattering phenomenon that has been greatly reduced using saturation function instead of sign function. Simulation results comparision of the designed controller with a LQR controller, validates the effectiveness of the proposed controller. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Study of the Relationship between Marginalization and Social Gaps in Tehran Metropolis (Case Study of Khatavanabad and Hesar Amir)
Raziyeh Amiriraz Mohammad rahim Eivazi Ebrahim Barzegar mostafa btahiaAbstract Marginalization around cities, as a sociological phenomenon, has had countless consequences for countries, including developing societies. Separation of rural people from their cultural, economic and social context and presence in the suburbs of cities, in add MoreAbstract Marginalization around cities, as a sociological phenomenon, has had countless consequences for countries, including developing societies. Separation of rural people from their cultural, economic and social context and presence in the suburbs of cities, in addition to harming marginalized immigrants, has led to the emergence of numerous gaps in metropolitan areas. Accurate understanding of this situation and providing a solution to deal with its various consequences, as the purpose of this article, requires the study of the ratio of marginalization and social gaps in these areas; Therefore, in the present study for field study, two areas of Khatunabad and Hesar Amir in the southeast of Tehran metropolis were selected as the sample population and three neighborhoods of each of them were studied by cluster-random method. The study method was based on the researcher-made questionnaire, which was prepared according to the Likert scale. In the questions raised, various types of social gaps have been examined. Based on the analysis and evaluation of responses and extraction of quantitative statistics using Spss and Excel, etc., it can be said that the density of dissatisfaction resulting from uneven development and the feeling of relative deprivation, structural problems and weaknesses in these areas is about 67% and this dissatisfaction , Has led to the emergence of all kinds of rifts in the suburbs and has made these areas prone to protest actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - A Study of the Relationship between slum-dwelling and Social Gaps in Tehran Metropolis (Case of Study: Khatunabad and Hesar Amir)
Raziyeh Amiriraz Mohammad rahim Eivazi Ebrahim Barzegar Mostafa AbtahiSlum-dwelling around cities, as a sociological phenomenon, has had countless consequences for countries, including developing societies. Separation of rural people from their cultural, economic and social context and their presence in marginal areas of cities, in additi MoreSlum-dwelling around cities, as a sociological phenomenon, has had countless consequences for countries, including developing societies. Separation of rural people from their cultural, economic and social context and their presence in marginal areas of cities, in addition to harming marginalized immigrants, has led to the emergence of numerous gaps in metropolitan areas. A deep understanding of this situation and providing a solution to deal with its various consequences, as this article aims to provide, requires the study of the relationship of slum-dwelling and social gaps in these areas. Therefore, in this field study, two areas, Khatunabad and Hesar Amir in the southeast of Tehran metropolis were selected as research population and three neighborhoods of each of them were selected via a cluster-random sampling technique. A Likert-type questionnaire was used to collect necessary data. The findings showed that the intensity of dissatisfaction resulting from uneven development and the feeling of relative deprivation, structural problems and weaknesses in these areas is about 67% and this dissatisfaction , has led to the emergence of all kinds of rifts in these areas and has made these areas prone to protest actions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - نقش تصمیمات ملی و منطقهای بر رشد و افزایش جمعیت استان سمنان
حیدر لطفی فریده اعرابی سید مسعود سیادتی -
Open Access Article
124 - آمایش مناطق مرزی، با تأکید بر ایران
محمد حسن نامی -
Open Access Article
125 - استفاده از روش تجزیه Adomian و روش تکرار متغیر برای مشکلات سیستم پویا
Babatunde Yisaروش تجزیه Adomian و روش تکرار Variational Hee برای مشکلات نوسانگر غیرخطی که شامل نوسانگرهای محافظه کار است ، اعمال می شوند. به دلیل الگوریتم هایی که اصطلاحات غیرخطی را در مشکلات پذیرفته اند ، روش ها برای موارد عمومی و خاص موثر هستند. این دو روش بر روی برخی از مشکلات خاص Moreروش تجزیه Adomian و روش تکرار Variational Hee برای مشکلات نوسانگر غیرخطی که شامل نوسانگرهای محافظه کار است ، اعمال می شوند. به دلیل الگوریتم هایی که اصطلاحات غیرخطی را در مشکلات پذیرفته اند ، روش ها برای موارد عمومی و خاص موثر هستند. این دو روش بر روی برخی از مشکلات خاص در ادبیات آزمایش شده است ، و نتایج به دست آمده در مقایسه با نتایج به دست آمده از طریق استفاده از روش تعادل انرژی مقایسه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - .
masod rohani sabike esfandyar -
Open Access Article
127 - الگوی پیوستگی نامتعادل در ژنوم حیوانات اهلی
م. نصرتیپیوستگی متعادل پایه انتخاب ژنومی، ایمپوتیشن نشانگر­های ژنتیکی، انتخاب بر مبنای نشانگر، مکان­یابی جایگاه صفات کمی، آزمون تشخیص والدین و مطالعات ارتباطی کل ژنوم می­باشد. آلل­ها در جایگاه­های نزدیک بهم تمایل به با هم بودن دارند. در جایگاه­های پیوسته Moreپیوستگی متعادل پایه انتخاب ژنومی، ایمپوتیشن نشانگر­های ژنتیکی، انتخاب بر مبنای نشانگر، مکان­یابی جایگاه صفات کمی، آزمون تشخیص والدین و مطالعات ارتباطی کل ژنوم می­باشد. آلل­ها در جایگاه­های نزدیک بهم تمایل به با هم بودن دارند. در جایگاه­های پیوسته این الگو منجر به ارتباط بین آلل­ها در جمعیت می­شود که پیوستگی نامتعادل خوانده می­شود. دو پارامتر Dˊ و r2 برای اندازه­گیری وسعت پیوستگی نامتعادل در جمعیت پیشنهاد شده است. Dˊ بیشتر از r2 تحت تأثیر تغییرات فراوانی آللی قرار دارد. در طی سالهای گذشته کلیه مطالعات بر روی پیوستگی نامتعادل با استفاده از نشانگر ریزماهواره انجام می­شد. با پیشرفت در توالی­یابی کل ژنوم حجم بالای از SNP در ژنوم شناسایی شد و ریزماهوارهها با SNP­ها جایگزین شدند. با استفاده از SNP سطح بالای از پیوستگی نامتعادل در فواصل کوتاه گزارش شد. فاکتور­های زیادی مانند انتخاب، مهاجرت، رانش ژنتیکی، جهش، اندازه جمعیت کوچک و نوترکیبی پیوستگی نامتعادل را تحت تأثیر قرار می­دهند. بنابراین به نظر می­رسد، پیوستگی ژنتیکی ابزار مناسبی برای بررسی ژنتیکی صفات کمی حیوانات اهلی میباشد. بعلاوه نقشه­های مقایسه­ای پیوستگی نامتعادل، ما را قادر به بررسی میزان تنوع بین نژاد­ها و شناسایی نواحی ژنومی تحت فشار انتخاب می­سازد. در این مقاله مروری بر مفهوم و روش­های موجود برای برآورد مقدار و وسعت پیوستگی نامتعادل در جمعیت حیوانات اهلی خواهیم داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی برخی از مواد خوراکی با روش جدید تغذیه دقیق در جوجههای گوشتی
ا. رضایی ح. جانمحمدی م. علیایی ص. علیجانیدو آزمایش به منظور تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز برخی از مواد خوراکی طیور انجام شد. آزمایش اول جهت تعیین مناسبترین زمان جمعآوری فضولات بعد از تغذیه دقیق جوجههای گوشتی جهت بدست آوردن حداکثر مقادیر دفع فضولات و آزمایش دوم جهت تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی تصحیح شده Moreدو آزمایش به منظور تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز برخی از مواد خوراکی طیور انجام شد. آزمایش اول جهت تعیین مناسبترین زمان جمعآوری فضولات بعد از تغذیه دقیق جوجههای گوشتی جهت بدست آوردن حداکثر مقادیر دفع فضولات و آزمایش دوم جهت تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی تصحیح شده برای تعادل صفر نیتروژن دانه ذرت، کنجاله سویا، کنجاله گلوتن ذرت، کنجاله کلزا و پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور با استفاده از روش جدید تغذیه دقیق در جوجههای گوشتی 21 روزه انجام گرفت. در آزمایش اول، تعداد 35 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر 21 روزه با وزن بدنی یکسان در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 7 گروه آزمایشی با 5 پرنده در هر گروه در قفسهای متابولیسمی قرار گرفتند. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل زمانهای مختلف جمعآوری فضولات بود. همه جوجهها با مخلوط (60-40) ذرت-کنجاله سویا به مقدار 10 گرم مورد تغذیه دقیق قرار گرفتند. فضولات در زمانهای 2، 4، 6، 8، 10، 12 و 14 ساعت بعد از تغذیه دقیق جمعآوری شدند. در آزمایش دوم، تعداد 30 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر 21 روزه با 5 پرنده برای هر ماده خوراکی مورد آزمایش به مقدار 10 گرم مورد تغذیه دقیق قرار گرفتند و تعداد 5 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نیز برای تعیین دفع انرژی از منشاء داخلی به روش گرسنگی استفاده شد. حداکثر زمان جمعآوری فضولات در جوجههای گوشتی 21 روزه 12 ساعت بدست آمد که با سایر زمانها تفاوت معنیداری نشان داد (0.01>P). میانگین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی تصحیح شده برای تعادل صفر نیتروژن دانه ذرت، کنجاله سویا، کنجاله گلوتن ذرت، کنجاله کلزا و پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور به ترتیب 94 ± 3527، 116 ± 2572، 33 ± 4183، 162 ± 1806 و 112 ± 2678 کیلوکالری در کیلوگرم بود. اینطور نتیجه شد که مقادیر انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی مواد خوراکی میتواند در جوجههای گوشتی 21 روزه با استفاده از روش تغذیه دقیق تعیین گردد. این تحقیق استفاده از مقادیر انرژی بدست آمده در جوجههای گوشتی را در فرمولاسیون جیرههای غذایی برای جوجههای گوشتی پیشنهاد مینماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - بررسی چند شکلی ژن SCD1 (Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Gene) در جمعیت گاومیش استان خوزستان با استفاده از تکنیک PCR-RFLP
ک. تقیزاده م.ت. بیگی نصیری ج. فیاضی م. بوجارپوراسترول کوآنزیم آ دسچوراز(SCD)، آنزیم محدودکننده در بیوسنتز اسیدهای چرب با یک پیوند دوگانه (MUFA) میباشد. شماری از مطالعات این فرضیه را تأیید میکند که چند شکلی و تنظیم ژن SCD، ممکن است بر ترکیب اسیدهای چرب و کیفیت چربی گوشت و شیر مؤثر باشد. پلیمورفیسمهای تک نوکلئوتید Moreاسترول کوآنزیم آ دسچوراز(SCD)، آنزیم محدودکننده در بیوسنتز اسیدهای چرب با یک پیوند دوگانه (MUFA) میباشد. شماری از مطالعات این فرضیه را تأیید میکند که چند شکلی و تنظیم ژن SCD، ممکن است بر ترکیب اسیدهای چرب و کیفیت چربی گوشت و شیر مؤثر باشد. پلیمورفیسمهای تک نوکلئوتیدی در ناحیهی کدکنندهی ژن SCD1 گاوی نشان داده است که در موقعیت A293V اسید آمینه والین به جای اسید آمینه آلانین جایگزین شده و در نتیجه آللهای A و V در این لوکوس مشخص گردید. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی چند شکلی ژن SCD1 برای اولین بار در جمعیت گاومیش بود. از جمعیت گاومیش خوزستان، از تعداد 85 نمونه گاومیش از شهرهای شوشتر، دزفول، دشت آزادگان و شادگان خونگیری به عمل آمد. استخراج DNA با استفاده از کیت DIAtom DNA perp صورت گرفت. با استفاده از پرایمرهای اختصاصی و تکنیک PCR قطعه 400 جفت بازی اگزون 5 ژن SCD1 تکثیر یافت. سپس محصولات PCR با استفاده از آنزیم محدودکنندهی NCO1 و متد PCR-RFLPمورد هضم آنزیمی قرار گرفت. به کمک الگوهای باندی بر روی ژل آگارز 3 درصد و رنگ آمیزی با اتیدیدیوم بروماید، تمامی نمونهها تعیین ژنوتیپ شدند. نتایج حاصل از باندهای الکتروفورزی نشان داد که هیچ گونه تفاوت ژنتیکی در بین حیوانات مورد مطالعه در این ناحیه از ژن با آنزیمNCO1 مشاهده نگردید. همچنین نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، عدم وجود تعادل هاردی-واینبرگ را برای جایگاه SCD1 نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - اثر مکملسازی با نسبت مختلف از مخلوط کنسانتره و برگ اقاقیا تیمار نشده یا تیمار شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم، ابقا مواد مغذی و پارامترهای تخمیر شکمبهای بز Bale-Arsi تغذیه شده با جیره پایه علوفه گراس
م. بایسا ت. نگس آ. تولراآزمایشی به منظور بررسی اثر جایگزینی یک مکمل کنسانتره با جیره­های پایه برگ اقاقیا در گراس Rhodes (Chlorisgayana) تیمار نشده و یا تیمار شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم (3 درصد وزنی/وزنی) بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم، ابقا مواد مغذی و پارامترهای تخمیر شکمبه با 54 بز نر یک ساله نژا Moreآزمایشی به منظور بررسی اثر جایگزینی یک مکمل کنسانتره با جیره­های پایه برگ اقاقیا در گراس Rhodes (Chlorisgayana) تیمار نشده و یا تیمار شده با هیدروکسید کلسیم (3 درصد وزنی/وزنی) بر مصرف خوراک، قابلیت هضم، ابقا مواد مغذی و پارامترهای تخمیر شکمبه با 54 بز نر یک ساله نژاد Arsi-Bale (وزن بدن 9/1±78/13 کیلوگرم و سن 12 ماه) انجام شد. آزمایش به مدت 84 روز در قالب طرح فاکتوریل 2 × 5 (فاکتور 1 تیمار قلیایی برگ­ها (تیمار یا تیمار نشده) و فاکتور 2 پنج سطح برگ در مخلوط کنسانتره) انجام شد. تیمارهای جیره­ای شامل: 0UL-: علوفه + 300 گرم مخلوط کنسانتره؛ 25UL-: علوفه + 225 گرم کنسانتره و 75 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده، 50UL-: علوفه + 150 گرم کنسانتره و 150 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده؛ 75UL-: علوفه + 75 گرم کنسانتره و 225 گرم برگ خشک تیمار نشده؛ 100UL-: علوفه + 300 گرم برگ­های خشک تیمار نشده؛ 0TL-: علوفه + 300 گرم کنسانتره؛ 25TL-: علوفه + 225 گرم کنسانتره و 75 گرم برگ خشک تیمار شده؛ 50TL-: علوفه + 150 گرم کنسانتره و 150 گرم برگ­های خشک تیمار شده؛ 75TL-: علوفه + 75 گرم کنسانتره و 225 گرم برگ های خشک تیمار شده و 100TL-: علوفه + 300 گرم برگ­های خشک تیمار شده بودند. هر دو تیمار هیدروکسید کلسیم و جایگزینی بخشی از مخلوط کنسانتره با پودر برگ اقاقیا (ALM) به طور معنی­داری (05/0­>­P) مقدار عصاره اتری (EE)، فنل کل (TP)، تانن کل (TT) و محتویات CT جیره­های غذایی را کاهش داد. در حالی که، غلظت جیره­ای خاکستر، الیاف نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADF)، لیگنین نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی (ADL) و کلسیم (Ca)؛ مصرف ماده خشک (DM)، پروتئین خام (CP)، فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی (NDF)، نیتروژن، کلسیم و فسفر؛ قابلیت هضم DM، ماده آلی (OM)، CP و NDF؛ غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی شکمبه و pH مایع شکمبه به طور معنی­داری (05/0­>­P) توسط تیمار قلیایی و جایگزینی نسبی افزایش یافت. به طور کلی نتایج قابل مقایسه مصرف خوراک، هضم و توازن مواد مغذی زمانی مشاهده شدند که کنسانتره در جیره­ها با ALM تیمار شده به مقدار 75 درصد جایگزین شد و تیمار نشده 50 درصد به ترتیب اهمیت در برابر پودر برگ تیمار نشده مشاهده شد. می­توان نتیجه­گیری نمود که که جایگزینی بخشی از پودر برگ اقاقیا در مخلوط کنسانتره همراه با تیمار هیدروکسید کلسیم در سطح 75 درصد حداکثر منافع را برای بزها نسبت به سطوح دیگر از برگ­های تیمار نشده و یا تیمار شده دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - تأثیر تغذیه درون تخم مرغی و تغذیه جیرهای عصاره خارمریم بر ایمنی و تعادل کاتیون-آنیون خون جوجههای گوشتی تحت درجه حرارتهای بالا
ا. زارعی م. مروت م. چمنی ع.ا. صادقی پ. دادوراین آزمایش جهت بررسی تأثیر تغذیه درون تخمی و تغذیه جیره­ای عصاره خارمریم بر ایمنی و تعادل کاتیون-آنیون خون جوجه­های گوشتی تحت درجه حرارت­های بالا انجام شد. تعداد 360 عدد تخم مرغ نطفه­دار از نژاد مادر گوشتی برای تغذیه درون تخم مرغی در سطوح 0، 100 و 200 پی Moreاین آزمایش جهت بررسی تأثیر تغذیه درون تخمی و تغذیه جیره­ای عصاره خارمریم بر ایمنی و تعادل کاتیون-آنیون خون جوجه­های گوشتی تحت درجه حرارت­های بالا انجام شد. تعداد 360 عدد تخم مرغ نطفه­دار از نژاد مادر گوشتی برای تغذیه درون تخم مرغی در سطوح 0، 100 و 200 پی پی ام از عصاره آبی خارمریم در روز 5/17 جوجه کشی استفاده شدند. پس از هچ، 240 جوجه به قفس­های آزمایشی انتقال داده شدند. جیره آزمایشی شامل دو نوع; یک جیره بدون عصاره و دیگری حاوی 100 پی پی ام عصاره خارمریم بود. سپس جوجه­ها طی روزهای 7-28 پرورش برای 4 ساعت از روز تحت شرایط تنش گرمایی (4 درجه بالاتر از دمای بهینه) قرار گرفتند و پس از 28 روزگی در دمای بهینه نگهداری شدند. جوجه­ها به 6 تیمار با 4 تکرار و در قالب یک آزمایش فاکتوریل 2 × 3 در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی تقسیم شدند. نتایج نشان دادند که جوجه­های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی عصاره، مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و وزن نهایی بیشتر و ضریب تبدیل خوراک کمتری داشتند (01/0P≤). در سن 28 و 42 روزگی تغذیه­ جیره­ای عصاره وزن نسبی بورس (05/0P≤)، تیموس و طحال (01/0P≤) را افزایش داد. این نتایج، افزایش عیار پادتن بر علیه گامبرو را به وسیله تغذیه جیره­ای عصاره اثبات کردند (05/0P≤). همچنین در تیمارهای تغذیه شده با عصاره خارمریم تعداد گلبول­های سفید خون بالاتر (01/0P≤) و نسبت هتروفیل به لنفوسیت پایین­تر بود (01/0P≤). تغذیه جیره­ای عصاره منجر به افزایش بار کاتیونی خون (Na و K) جوجه­های تغذیه شده با عصاره خارمریم در سن 28 روزگی شد و تعادل کاتیون-آنیون خون در این تیمارها افزایش یافت (01/0P≤). در 28 روزگی درصد خاکستر استخوان درشت نی جوجه­های تغذیه شده با عصاره بالاتر از سایر گروه­ها بود (01/0P≤). به نظر می­رسد که تغذیه جیره­ای عصاره در جوجه­های گوشتی به طور قابل توجهی سبب افزایش پاسخ ایمنی تحت درجه حرارت­های بالا شد اما تغذیه درون تخم مرغی عصاره اثر زیادی بر این فراسنجه­ها نداشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - بررسی رابطه تعادل بین کار و زندگی و عملکرد سازمانی
حاجیه رجبی فرجاد لیلا موسوی فرد -
Open Access Article
133 - Presenting a model to determine the equilibrium point in the Oligopoly
Reza Basiri Mansour Abedian Saeed Aghasi Zahra DashtlaliOligopoly is one of the common structures of the market and is actually a state between pure competition and pure monopoly. The theoretical literature distinguishes between the behaviors of companies in adopting competitive pricing strategies. It is common to study mode MoreOligopoly is one of the common structures of the market and is actually a state between pure competition and pure monopoly. The theoretical literature distinguishes between the behaviors of companies in adopting competitive pricing strategies. It is common to study models where all firms are price-makers or price-takers, but the simultaneous application of price-making and price-taking strategies by firms producing a similar product using game theory has not received much attention. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to use game theory with equilibrium concepts forward-looking equilibrium reasoning, and backward-looking individual learning simulation tools to investigate the behavior of companies. The results of the recent study showed that the Cournot-Nash model is a stable model for the real evaluation of pricing strategies in a dynamic oligopoly market. However, with a larger number of firms, a unilateral deviation from Cournot's behavior becomes profitable. In this paper, we have formally proved that the only possible stable market is the Cornot market, where every firm can be a price taker. Conversely, a market in which all firms accept only prices is never stable, and therefore Walrasian equilibrium is not applicable according to the findings. When there are no stable markets, the market does not evolve toward a fixed composition, but the number of price takers typically decreases. In such a situation, the market composition follows a cyclical pattern that is related to the stability or volatility of crude expectations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - On the Analysis of Urban Hierarchy and Balancing the Spatial Distribution of Urban Centers Population in Guilan Province
E. Pourramzan E. Darvish-RahimabadiUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical are MoreUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical areas .Population distribution system is not balanced in the province and do not get a proper image form of accommodation and population settlement and cities .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy of Gilan province during the years 1355 to 1395 .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy Gilan during the years 1355 to 1395 the city of Rasht as the capital of Gilan and the metropolis area with a 42.41 percent of the urban population in 1395 in the "First City" demonstrated their dominant role and now all factors: geographical, social, economic, political, cultural and ...is in the interest of the city and to the detriment of small living centers. Meanwhile, concentration of the population led social and cultural difficulties such as housing problems, expensive land, rent, traffic congestion, failures in service and finally, a wide range of environmental contamination. This city in terms of having appropriate areas of political, economic and cultural, various migrants from surrounding areas has attracted and has been away urban hierarchy of Rank – Size law; So that in 1355 the city of Rasht was 3.41 equal the second largest city (Anzali).In 1390 the population of city of Rasht is 5.48 equal the second population (Anzali).To determine the population dynamics and rank cities in recent years, and its effects on the unbalanced development of urban centers, centralization and domination of one city in the provincial urban it is necessary to take measures in order to spatial organization of urban centers and a balanced distribution of geographical Society according to the possibilities and the limitations and comparative advantages of each region and with respect to land use planning policies and modify spatial development of urban centers. The most important approaches of this research is centralization Of city and Rasht area and attention to small and medium cities Province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Spatial analysis of urban systems in the north of the country during the years 1335 to 1395
Amer Nikpour Milad HasanalizadehBy studying urban systems, it becomes more specific the condition distribution and measure balance of population distribution. This article is being Compilation by aim the study changes in the urban system of the northern region to determine its equilibrium situation. T MoreBy studying urban systems, it becomes more specific the condition distribution and measure balance of population distribution. This article is being Compilation by aim the study changes in the urban system of the northern region to determine its equilibrium situation. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the basis of statistical data is the results of general census of population and housing in the past 8 years. In this paper, classifying the cities of the region over the past 60 years, used of indexes urban primacy includes primate city, tow city, Ginsberg, Mehta, moomaw and alwosabi, dominance mosavi and indexes centralization includes herfindahl, Henderson and indexes Balance includes entropy, coefficient of variation, rank-size to study the urban system of the region. The results perquisite from urban primary indexes and centralization it shows the measure urban primacy and centralization from 1335 to 1365 the trend has been decreasing but from 1365 to 1390 the trend has been on the upside until it in 1395 rebounds Slightly trend has been declines. The results of the indexes Balance also show the imbalance in the spatial distribution of the population in the urban system of the region from 1335 to 1395 has always increased. The results of the rank-size index also is indicate a relatively large difference between the actual population and the desirable population of the cities of region during the studied years and also, the relative importance of middle cities from 1335 to 1355 and domination of urban primary from 1355 to 1395. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Assessing the Status of Urban Prosperity Indicators (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)
Safiye Hazeri mohsen ahadnejad roshti Abolfazl Meshkini isa piryIntroduction: Today, urbanization and population growth have led to the development of cities with numerous problems. Hence, several approaches have been proposed to answer the problems of urban development and ultimately achieve sustainable development. In this regard, MoreIntroduction: Today, urbanization and population growth have led to the development of cities with numerous problems. Hence, several approaches have been proposed to answer the problems of urban development and ultimately achieve sustainable development. In this regard, urban prosperity has been proposed to achieve balanced and harmonious and sustainable development in cities. The present paper aims to prioritize the urban areas of Tabriz metropolis in terms of five dimensions of urban prosperity. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of method.Methodology: In order to achieve this goal, all factors involved in the development and prosperity of the metropolis of Tabriz, in the form of five dimensions of prosperity including productivity, infrastructure, quality of Life, equity and inclusion, environmental sustainability have been extracted. And their relationship has been evaluated structurally by the MICMAC software and fifteen key factors have been extracted. At this stage, spatial data from existing urban maps and non-spatial data from housing census data have been extracted. And, by integrating geographic information systems and decision-making Support Systems, information was analyzed and ultimately, urban areas were ranked in terms of prosperity key factors with the Oreste model.Geographical area of research: The area is the city of Tabriz located in northwestern Iran and is the capital of East Azerbaijan province.Results and discussion: By studying the 38 districts of Tabriz, based on the existing conditions, the fifteen key factors of prosperity revealed that the core of the city and the bazaar, Baghmehisheh and Roushdiyah, parts of the cities of Eram and Rezvanshahr, Yaghchian, Golshahr, Valiasr, Zafaraniye, and Ehle Goli are neighborhoods with very solid prosperity. These areas 25.43% of the population and 22.16% of the area of Tabriz have been allocated. Studies have also shown that the neighborhood of Karkaj, Iradak, Malazinal, Idelo, Sylab Ghoshneh, Resalat, Jalaliyeh, Razi, Khalil Abad, Eram, and the airport are very weak prosperity areas. These areas are either industrial areas or turbulent and congested texture resulting from unplanned and accelerated development in recent decades. And 18.82% of the population and 31.48% of the area of Tabriz have been allocated.Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that the areas 8-1, 2-2, 5-1 have the first to third ranks in terms of prosperity. And areas 10-1, 5-6 and 10-2. And areas of 10-2, 5-6, and 10-1 are on the last three ranks in terms of indicators urban prosperity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - The Role Playing of Urban Centers in Spatial Equalization and Development of Rural Areas (Case Study: Masiri and the surrounding villages)
علی شکور علی شمس الدینیSpatial Equalization, access to services and providing infrastructures and other institutional-financial conditions, required for growth and development in villages, could play a leading role in accelerating development process and improving villagers’ life qualit MoreSpatial Equalization, access to services and providing infrastructures and other institutional-financial conditions, required for growth and development in villages, could play a leading role in accelerating development process and improving villagers’ life quality. In this context, small and local cities which have a close link with villages, accumulate in themselves facilities and services required for development to present these services to villages and other surrounding population centers and could provide cause of excellence and development of rural communities. This research article aiming at analysis of village-city role of Masiri, as the center of Rostam county, conducted to provide the grounds for growth and development of the surrounding rural areas, is of analytical-descriptive type. The data collection is both field and library-based. The population includes Masiri city and 91 villages in the central part of the county Rostam. In order to analyze Masiri’s function with regard to the studied villages,different population variables, amenities, service facilities, and also determination of development degree of villages of the district have been analyzed by taking use of different quantitative and statistical models. The result of studies show that despite increasing the scope of its influence and spatial operation, Masiri city could not present itself in the region as a dynamic and creative city since its foundation in 1997, So that, despite the increase of its population due to migration, the city failed to maintain and stabilize rural population of the region. Also this city has been relatively week in distributing services and amenities to the surrounding areas as well as employment and obviating unemployment in the region. Finally, Masiri village-city could not provide the grounds for making spatial balance in the region and consequently sustainable development of the surrounding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Evaluation of development rate in Tehran province
hassan ahmadi yaghoub esmaeilzadehQuick development in urbanization causes regional imbalance in developing countries. Adoption of some economic policies causes attraction of facilities to some regions and lag of more other regions. The goals of this article is studying regional imbalance in Tehran prov MoreQuick development in urbanization causes regional imbalance in developing countries. Adoption of some economic policies causes attraction of facilities to some regions and lag of more other regions. The goals of this article is studying regional imbalance in Tehran province and also offering suitable solutions to reduce this imbalance. Research method used in this article is explanatory method .Using taxonomy model and 31 economic, social and cultural indicators, this imbalance has been analyzed. Hypothesis of this research is: - It seems that Tehran County has a great influence in regional imbalance of Tehran province. - Decisions of economic planners and policy makers causes exacerbation of regional imbalance in Tehran province. Results of this article indicate existence of inequality in Tehran province. Shemiran County with attracting more facilities is most developed, and Ghods County is the worst under developed county. At the end of this article, has been tried to offer solutions to decrease the inequalities like, paying attention to deprived regions of province and utilization of growth opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - The Role of Middle Cities in Spatial Development of Hamedan province with Emphasis On Malayer
majid shamsThe rapid population growth and urbanistion increase are among the phenomena which have appeared in a lot of countries in the world including Iran in recent decades; although the urban population increase is not an undesirble phenomenon per se and some think of it as a MoreThe rapid population growth and urbanistion increase are among the phenomena which have appeared in a lot of countries in the world including Iran in recent decades; although the urban population increase is not an undesirble phenomenon per se and some think of it as a symbol of development . Thus, what is going to be discussed and analyzed here is the unbalanced distribution of population in urban centers rather than the percentage of urbanity . However Hamedan province possesses some natural capabilities and suitable strategic situation as well as a good history , it dose not have a suitable social and economical development; there is no hierarchy regardung dwelling system and ranking rational services in its cities, towns, and even rural areas . As a result ,a large number of its population is concentrated in the center of the province (i.e. Hamedan itself ) and a first-rank model governs the city . In this research, through a sstematic and comprehensive method , the present status of the province and the role of middle cities in the spatial development of the province has been studied in a logical and rational way . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - اثر تغییرات بارندگی بر متغیرهای اقتصادی با استفاده از مدل تعادل عمومی
زینب معین الدینی حمید محمدی حسین محرابی بشرآبادیاقتصاد ایران به متغیرهای اقتصادی بسیاری وابسته است که در رشد و توسعه آن کشور نقش دارند. از طرفی، بارندگی یکی از عوامل مهم آب و هوایی است که روی برنامه های مهم اقتصادی از جمله بخش کشاورزی موثر است. تغییرات بارندگی بر متغیرهای اقتصادی بسیاری تاثیرگذار اس Moreاقتصاد ایران به متغیرهای اقتصادی بسیاری وابسته است که در رشد و توسعه آن کشور نقش دارند. از طرفی، بارندگی یکی از عوامل مهم آب و هوایی است که روی برنامه های مهم اقتصادی از جمله بخش کشاورزی موثر است. تغییرات بارندگی بر متغیرهای اقتصادی بسیاری تاثیرگذار است که در این مطالعه به ارزیابی بعضی از آن­هاپرداخته شده است. هدف از این تحقیق ارزیابی شوک­های بارندگی بر متغیرهای اقتصادی با استفاده از روش تعادل عمومی است که این شوک­ها شامل؛ بهترین سناریو، برای بیشترین بارندگی، بدترین سناریو برای کمترین بارندگی و سناریوی نرمال برای متوسط بارندگی می­باشند. یه منظور ارزیابی این تغییرات بر بخش کشاورزی، مجموعه ای از کالاهای تولیدی بخش کشاورزی به صورت جداگانه مطرح شد و برای سایر بخش­های اقتصادی با هم تجمیع گشت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تولیدات بخش کشاورزی در بهترین سناریو به میزان 14 درصد افزایش یافته است. در بدترین سناریو میزان مصرف همه کالاها کاهش، قیمت همه کالاها به جز بخش صنعت افزایش و سرمایه­گذاری خصوصی و دولتی نیز تغییر یافته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - تغییر یارانه های کشاورزی بر تولید و صادرات در ایران
حسین بدیع برزین محمد نوروزیان سید مهدی حسینی امیر تقوییارانه ابزاری است که دولت­ها به عنوان نوعی کمک مالی برای حمایت از بخش­های خاص اقتصادی استفاده می­کنند. امروزه یارانه در چندین کشور از جمله ایران به دلایل مختلف سیاسی و اقتصادی متداول است. این مطالعه به بررسی اثرات تغییر یارانه­های کشاورزی بر تولید و صادر Moreیارانه ابزاری است که دولت­ها به عنوان نوعی کمک مالی برای حمایت از بخش­های خاص اقتصادی استفاده می­کنند. امروزه یارانه در چندین کشور از جمله ایران به دلایل مختلف سیاسی و اقتصادی متداول است. این مطالعه به بررسی اثرات تغییر یارانه­های کشاورزی بر تولید و صادرات پرداخته است. برای این منظور، یک مدل تعادل عمومی قابل محاسبه (CGE) برای سال 1391 در قالب ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی در سال 1379 به عنوان مبنای آماری مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. برای استخراج و حمل و نقل مدل از برنامه­نویسی غیرخطی استفاده شد. ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی به بخش­های: کشاورزی، نفت و گاز، منسوجات، انرژی، صنعت و خدمات تقسیم شده است. سپس تأثیر یارانه­های کشاورزی و تأثیر آن بر متغیرهای درون­زا بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاهش یارانه­های کشاورزی، سطح تولید محصولات کشاورزی را به میزان 3/21 درصد کاهش می ­دهد در نتیجه قیمت­ها افزایش می­یابد که به نوبه خود باعث انحراف نرخ ارز واقعی از تعادل می ­شود که مانع از صادرات در این بخش می­شود. علاوه بر این، با کاهش یارانه­ها نرخ بیکاری افزایش می­یابد و رفاه کاهش می­یابد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Presenting a positive model of work-life balance with a hybrid approach
sedigheh moghbeli mehni mehraban hadi paykani reza ebrahimzade dastjerdi alborz gheytaniObjective: The aim of this study was to provide a positive model of work-life balance with a hybrid approach. Method: The statistical population of this study included thinkers and experts on work-life balance. The sampling method was purposeful and non-random, 15 peopl MoreObjective: The aim of this study was to provide a positive model of work-life balance with a hybrid approach. Method: The statistical population of this study included thinkers and experts on work-life balance. The sampling method was purposeful and non-random, 15 people were selected as the target population. This research has been done using the meta-combined method. In this way, after a framework review of the research and through reputable sites and documents during the last twenty years, among the first and most researched articles, 22 articles that were most related to the present research have been selected for analysis. Then, after examining the extracted concepts and summarizing them, 128 purified codes have been obtained. Then, from the extracted concepts of the research with the theoretical consensus of experts to organize the existing indicators, 26 main components in the design mechanism of a positive model of work-life balance have been explained. Results: The results of this study have shown that the positive dimension includes the components of precedence, outcome and work-life balance strategies as components that strengthen the work-life balance. Results: The innovation of this research has been presenting a comprehensive model of the results of previous extensive studies. According to the model obtained in the research, by strengthening the positive dimension, organizations can benefit in order to promote satisfaction and productivity and appropriate use in organizational decisions and improve the quality of working life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - The Impact of the Corona Epidemic on the Financial Balance and Volume of Foreign Trade in Iran
leyla gorjiThe spread of the coronavirus has seriously affected economic activities such as the global general financial balance, the global unemployment rate, the global inflation rate, the volume of global trade, and the global growth rate. Which affects the financial balance an MoreThe spread of the coronavirus has seriously affected economic activities such as the global general financial balance, the global unemployment rate, the global inflation rate, the volume of global trade, and the global growth rate. Which affects the financial balance and volume of foreign trade. The main goal of this research is to investigate the impact of the Corona epidemic on the financial balance and volume of foreign trade in Iran. In this research, the impact of the Corona epidemic on the financial balance and the volume of foreign trade in Iran in 2019 was investigated using time series data and a self-explanatory model (VAR). In this research, regression analysis using the vector self-explanatory model (VAR) using the Johansen-Jusilius co-aggregation method was used to fit and analyze the data using EViews software. The findings show and confirm the effectiveness of the financial balance and the volume of foreign trade from the Corona epidemic. Based on the results, showed that Iran's trade volume is greatly affected by the corona disease as well as foreign trade and economic policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Analysis of agency conflict with emphasis on aspects of earnings management, audit quality, and cost of equity: Game theory approach
Zahra Moghadam Hamzeh Didar Kiumars Shahbazi Ali EbadianThis article aims to describe and explain the strategic behavior of managers and shareholders in the interactive conflict environment of joint-stock firms using the tools of game theory, specifically through signaling games. Managers, considering the quality of internal MoreThis article aims to describe and explain the strategic behavior of managers and shareholders in the interactive conflict environment of joint-stock firms using the tools of game theory, specifically through signaling games. Managers, considering the quality of internal controls, engage in both deceptive and informative earnings management strategies. Shareholders then respond with strategies involving high or low capital costs and opt for either high or low-quality audit services. The findings of the research outline the theoretical conditions necessary for establishing balance in strategies such as deceptive earnings management with high capital costs and deceptive earnings management with high-quality audit services in environments characterized by weak internal controls. Additionally, it highlights the conditions required to establish equilibrium in strategies like informative earnings management with low capital costs and informative earnings management with low-quality audit services within environments boasting strong internal controls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Presenting a negative model of Islamic work-life balance with a Meta-synthesis Approach
sedigheh moghbeli mehni mehraban hadi paykani reza ebrahimzadeh dastjerdi alborz gheytaniIslamic lifestyle is one of the basic needs for achieving a new Islamic civilization. This in itself requires serious attention of thinkers to the issue of lifestyle and its way of life in the organization, individual and community. The purpose of this article was to pr MoreIslamic lifestyle is one of the basic needs for achieving a new Islamic civilization. This in itself requires serious attention of thinkers to the issue of lifestyle and its way of life in the organization, individual and community. The purpose of this article was to present a negative model of work-life balance with a hybrid approach. This research has been done using meta-combined method. From the initial articles, 16 articles were selected for analysis and then in order to analyze the final articles, concepts and themes, effective components were extracted. The results of this study have shown that the positive dimension includes the components of precedence, outcome and work-life balance strategies as components that strengthen the work-life balance. The results of this study have shown that the negative dimension, including the components of the precedent and consequences of work-life balance, which is somehow associated with work-life imbalance, has been classified and presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Determination of thermodynamic equilibrium conditions of ethane and propane gas hydrates using a direct and fast empirical method
Akbar Irandoukht hosein BrijanianIn this article, a direct and fast method was developed for determination of thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. The thermodynamic equilibrium pressure for ethane hydrate formation at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 °C and for propane hydrate formation at 2, 4 and 5 &d MoreIn this article, a direct and fast method was developed for determination of thermodynamic equilibrium conditions. The thermodynamic equilibrium pressure for ethane hydrate formation at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 °C and for propane hydrate formation at 2, 4 and 5 °C were experimentally determined. Comparison of the obtained data for ethane hydrate pressure to that of Deaton-Frost and also to those predicted by AQUAlibrium software showed the average absolute deviation percent of 4.56, 4.79, and 3.27, respectively. In addition, comparison of the obtained data for propane hydrae pressure to that of Deaton-Frost and HWU software, showed the average absolute deviation percent of 10.17, and 13.31, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Application of statistical methods of time series analysis for a very fast and accurate determination of equilibrium thermodynamic conditions of gas-liquid water-hydrate systems in isochoric operation
اکبر ایراندوختIn this research work, a very fast and accurate new method for determining equilibrium thermodynamic conditions in gas-liquid water-hydrate systems is presented. In this method, only temperature and pressure data in the cooling trace are needed to determine the equilibr MoreIn this research work, a very fast and accurate new method for determining equilibrium thermodynamic conditions in gas-liquid water-hydrate systems is presented. In this method, only temperature and pressure data in the cooling trace are needed to determine the equilibrium points of hydrate formation. The required time to obtain equilibrium thermodynamic conditions for gas hydrate formation are greatly reduced and more accurate results are obtained, using statistical concepts of time series analysis as well as cumulative sum technique in change point detection. With this method, four experiments were performed to determine the equilibrium thermodynamic conditions for ethane gas hydrate. The average percentage of absolute deviations obtained with Deaton-Frost experimental data, Kamath's correction relationship, and AQUAlibrium and CSMHYD softwares were 5.67, 2.49, 9.54, and 1.89, respectively. In addition, the experimental data obtained by Curtin University researchers in Australia about the effect of 1000 ppm of pTSA surfactant in methane hydrate were investigated with this method. The absolute deviation percentage compared to the experimental data and their statistical thermodynamic modeling estimate were 0.23 and 1.89, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - تعیین شرایط تعادل ترمودینامیکی تشکیل هیدرات متان به روش تجربی سریع
اکبر ایراندوخت حسین بریجانیان مصطفی دهقانی مبارکه -
Open Access Article
149 - اندازهگیری تعادلهای فازی در سامانههای آبی کربن دیاکسید – مونواتانولآمین - مایع یونی 1-هگزیل-3-متیل ایمیدازولیم نیترات در فشارهای بالا
میلاد دامن افشان بابک مختارانی حسن شیخ ممو میر اسمعیل معصومی مرتضی مافی مجتبی میرزایی علی شریفی -
Open Access Article
150 - Substitution of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables in the form of DSGE model
mohammad pouraghdam taghi torabi abbas memarnezhad teymor mohammadiThe purpose of this article was to investigate the replacement of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the period 201 MoreThe purpose of this article was to investigate the replacement of traditional money with virtual currencies and its effects on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the period 2018-2019 with seasonal frequency have been used. In the model designed in this article, it is assumed that due to the use of virtual money, a substitution between virtual money and traditional money will happen in people's asset portfolio. In this study, the shock caused by the price and volume of Bitcoin transactions is considered as an indicator for the demand for virtual currency. The results show that the shock from virtual currencies has led to a decrease in the demand for traditional money, in other words, there has been a substitution between holding traditional money and virtual money. In addition, the results indicated that due to the shock of virtual currencies, the amount of consumption in the economy has increased, and on the other hand, the amount of government income from royalties and money printing has decreased. Also, the results showed that the government's tax revenues have also decreased due to the trend of financial resources in the economy towards the demand of virtual currencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - Cesium biosorption from aqueous solutions using Sargasum modified algae, equilibrium and kinetics
H. Taherzadeh M. آ. Khani -
Open Access Article
152 - A Think on the Fair Internet Disputes Resolution
Seyyed Kamal Hosseini جواد نیک نژادImbalance power between the parties has been a concern for jurists. This power inequality has a variety of reasons, such as the complexity of the issue, previous and frequent acquaintances with similar cases, and the use of competent lawyers and legal advisers. In this MoreImbalance power between the parties has been a concern for jurists. This power inequality has a variety of reasons, such as the complexity of the issue, previous and frequent acquaintances with similar cases, and the use of competent lawyers and legal advisers. In this study in order to resolve this inequality and imbalance between the parties, attention has been paid to how to apply the principle of due process of law over arbitration in litigation and internet disputes. As a result, due to the lack of free choice and the repetitive role of the actor, this principle requires that the imposition of an arbitration clause be prohibited or restricted before arising disputes as to contracts concluded with consumers. Also, some cases could not be referred to arbitration and should be interpreted in favor of the consumer if there is any ambiguity in the arbitration agreements. The government should provide mechanisms to reduce arbitration costs. The arbitration award must be reasoned and made public. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - راهکارهای ایجاد تعادل قراردادی
امید محمدی نیا غلامرضا رضائی راد -
Open Access Article
154 - بررسی اثر شوک مالیاتهای مستقیم بر تولید ناخالص داخلی و تورم در ایران در چارچوب یک مدل تعادل عمومی پویای تصادفی
سید نظام الدین مکیان حسین توکلیان سید محمد صالح نجفی فرا شاه -
Open Access Article
155 - Investigation and identification of possible conflicts in the implementation of macroprudential policies with the objectives of monetary policy (output and price stabilization) in the Iranian economy using the DSGE approach"
Parisa Tavako mehdi pedram Hossein TavakoliyanAbstractFollowing the financial crisis of 2008-2007, the use of macroprudential measures to curb credit cycles became an economic policy in many countries. However, under certain conditions, the implementation of these policies may have negative effects on the output ga MoreAbstractFollowing the financial crisis of 2008-2007, the use of macroprudential measures to curb credit cycles became an economic policy in many countries. However, under certain conditions, the implementation of these policies may have negative effects on the output gap and price stability, which are the goals of monetary policy. In this paper, by designing a a closed dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model for the Iranian economy in the period 1369: 1 to 1399: 2 and macroprudential tools loan-to-value restrictions and countercyclical capital buffer and shocks including productivity, bank capital and monetary policy shocks is used and the conflicts (increasing variance ) resulting from the implementation of macroprudential policy on monetary policy objectives was examined.The results show that with the occurrence of shocks, the implementation of loan-to-value ratio requirements does not conflict with production and inflation, and with more response of this tool, the variance of production and inflation reduced monotically, indicating a complementary relationship of this macroprudential tool with monetary policy objectives. Therefore a policymaker can use this macroprudential tool with less concern.However, the requirement of countercyclical capital buffer after the occurrence of these shocks is initially in conflict with price stabilization and output, which with a more severe reaction of this macroprudential tool reduces inflation and output fluctuations and reduces its adverse side effects. However, the exception is the variance of inflation in the monetary policy impulse, which increases with the intensification of the loan-to-value ratio, and with the intensification of countercyclical capital buffer,inflation is initially decreasing and after reaching its minimum value, it rises. . The results of this study can be useful for how macroprudential and monetary policies are organized and how to coordinate between these two policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - نقش صندوق توسعه ملی در کاهش نوسانات اقتصادی ایران رویکرد (DSGE)
سید مجتبی حسین زاده یوسفآباد محسن مهرآرا حسین توکلیان -
Open Access Article
157 - The Effect of Uncertainty of Oil Revenue on Exchange Rate In Iran
Mahmod Khataee Roya SayfipourOil revenue is the major source of foreign exchange revenues in Iran economy. Since the oil sector managed by the government, the exchange rate in Iran is highly affected by the government decision. Also oil revenue is a function of oil price and its world demand. So th MoreOil revenue is the major source of foreign exchange revenues in Iran economy. Since the oil sector managed by the government, the exchange rate in Iran is highly affected by the government decision. Also oil revenue is a function of oil price and its world demand. So the Iranian economy was fluctuated by uncertainty in the amount of oil revenue. Consequently uncertainty should have the major role in determining exchange rate. The main aim of this article is to analyses main factors of determining exchange rate including uncertainty in the market. For this purpose , future equilibrium exchange rate is estimated based on the assumptions of two scenarios including uncertainty factors. Comparing the equilibrium and controlled exchange rate shows that there is a high deviation between current rate and equilibrium exchange rate which will create a sharp increase of exchange rate in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - تأثیر انحراف نرخ ارز واقعی بر صادرات صنعت فولاد در ایران
هدی مشهدی محمدی عباس شاکری محمود محمودزاده -
Open Access Article
159 - برآورد ضریب فزاینده مالی در ایران با تاکید بر نحوه خرج کرد درآمدهای نفتی
مریم مهدی زاده یگانه موسوی جهرمی الهام غلامی احمد سرلک -
Open Access Article
160 - اثر مهاجرت و شهرنشینی بر اشتغال غیررسمی در مناطق مختلف ایران (روش شاخص های چندگانه-علل چندگانه (MIMIC))
محمد ستاری فر حمیدرضا زارعی نوشین شکری -
Open Access Article
161 - WHEN DOES GOVERNMENT DEBT CROWD OUT PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN IRAN? DSGE APPOACH
طیبه نسرین دوست کریم امامی سید شمس الدین حسینی کامبیز پیکارجوIn this paper, the effect of government debt crowd out on private sector investment in the Iranian economy is investigated, using the New keynesian model in a stochastic dynamic equilibrium model (DSGE) and the Bayesian estimation solution method during the years 1997-2 MoreIn this paper, the effect of government debt crowd out on private sector investment in the Iranian economy is investigated, using the New keynesian model in a stochastic dynamic equilibrium model (DSGE) and the Bayesian estimation solution method during the years 1997-2017 .Financing government resources is important, especially in recent years, when government issues bonds and it is necessary to apply shocks and examine the effects of government policy. In this regard, several policy shocks have been applied to the system and the response between fiscal and monetary policies has been examined. The results show that direct government policy interventions are made, the effect of crowd out government debt on private investment is greater than in conditions where there is a market system or at least less government policy.Contrary to the conventional view, no systematic relationships between real interest rates and private investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Government Spending and the Transmission Channels of Their Effects on Macroeconomic Variables: A DSGE Approach
انوشیروان تقی پور هما اصفهانیانAbstract In the literature, it is emphasized on the role of government spending in business cycle of economic activities, especially in the developing countries where public investment alongside with other government tools uses for economic growth stimulation. However, MoreAbstract In the literature, it is emphasized on the role of government spending in business cycle of economic activities, especially in the developing countries where public investment alongside with other government tools uses for economic growth stimulation. However, the effect of government spending depends on how the spending is financed. Oil in the Iranian economy plays a significant role, so that more than 45% of the budget is directly financed by oil revenue. Therefore, oil plays a major role in macroeconomic variables fluctuations. The aim of this paper is that while explaining the business cycle behavior of the oil income, its relation with some relevant macroeconomic variables including government expenditures, investment, growth, inflation and money is examined as well. To end this, we use a new Keynesian dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to explain the transmission channels of oil revenues effect on macroeconomic variables through the government budget, public capital stock and monetary base channels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - هزینه رفاه شوک های خارجی و قاعده بهینه سیاستپولی برای اقتصاد ایران
سجاد برومند تیمور محمدی جمشید پژویان اسداله فرزین وش عباس معمار نژاد -
Open Access Article
164 - The Effect of Energy Price Shocks on Iran's Oil-centric Economy base on New-Keynesian Modeling Method and Using Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium Equations
علی محمدی پور علی سلمانپور زنوز سید فخرالدین فخرحسینیExtensive subsidies and excessive energy consumption have necessitated the need to reform consumption pattern and price. The present study seeks to investigate the effects of energy carrier price reform on important macroeconomic variables and for this purpose, a small MoreExtensive subsidies and excessive energy consumption have necessitated the need to reform consumption pattern and price. The present study seeks to investigate the effects of energy carrier price reform on important macroeconomic variables and for this purpose, a small open New-Keynesian DSGE model has been calibrated and simulated for Iran. The results of impulse response functions analysis show that the detrimental effects on household consumption, enterprise investment, non-oil production and total output as a result of positive price shocks in energy carriers can negatively impact Iran's economy for at least 30 periods. A accelerated decline in investment over the course of nine periods and a return to a stable level over 25 periods can also be a crisis. Therefore, the need for complementary policies to encourage investment and counteract price increases, as well as the role of the government in efficient subsidies redistribution and infrastructure investment, can be extremely important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - The role of stock market shocks on macroeconomic variables in the form of dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model
Yazdan Gudarzi Farahani Babak Esmaili Morvarid Khajeh Vahid Mahboubi MatinAbstract The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of stock market shock on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the time period 1990-2021 with seasonal frequency MoreAbstract The purpose of this paper was to investigate the impact of stock market shock on macroeconomic variables with the approach of Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. For this purpose, the data of the time period 1990-2021 with seasonal frequency has been used. Modern financial systems usually include financing from the financial assets market in addition to financing the banking sector. The interaction between the stock market and aggregate activity has received much attention in the past decade. In this regard, traditionally, the stock price usually affects the stock market as the discounted current value of the expected stock profits. In this framework, stock prices are influenced by both production (through profits and dividends) and interest rates (through the rate at which future dividends are discounted). In this study, the capital market shock has an effect on the economy through the channel of consumption expenditures of households and investment expenditures of companies. The direct effects of stock price fluctuations on total spending have made the stock capital market known as a leading indicator in the economy. The obtained results indicated that the reaction of macroeconomic variables to the demand shock was more intense than the shock from the supply side, and only the variables of tax revenues and bank facilities showed a negative reaction to the demand shock in the conditions of the supply shock. Also, the amount of employment has shown a positive reaction in response to the shock on the supply and demand side in the capital market Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - تأثیر تغییرات ساختاری بر رفاه اقتصادی در ایران،رهیافت مدلهای تعادل عمومی محاسبهپذیر
منصور مهینی زاده کاظم یاوری سید عبدالمجید جلایی بهروز جعفر زاده -
Open Access Article
167 - نقش پویاییهای نرخ تورم در سیاست پولی ایران: یک مدل DSGE
یوسف حیاتی کیومرث سهیلی علیرضا عرفانی -
Open Access Article
168 - Investigating the effect of electronic receipt and payment tools on reducing government and bank costs
Behzad Alinejadi Ahmed Sarlak Cambys HejbarKianiAbstractToday To continue their economic life, financial institutions are required to adopt e-banking methods in order to be more competitive, reduce operating costs, increase profitability, and improve the quality of customer service. Electronic services and the develo MoreAbstractToday To continue their economic life, financial institutions are required to adopt e-banking methods in order to be more competitive, reduce operating costs, increase profitability, and improve the quality of customer service. Electronic services and the development of e-banking are a big step towards reducing costs, reducing government spending and even controlling cost. This study aims to investigate the effect of e-banking in reducing banking operating costs and reducing government spending by using a random dynamic general equilibrium and considering the economic sectors of households, enterprises, government and monetary authority and information of private and public banks. To study in the period of 1375-1396. The results indicate that the use of electronic payment and receipt tools will lead to further reductions in bank costs, as well as lower energy prices and government spending. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Optimal inflation rate measurement for minimizing economic inequality: The dynamic stochastic general equilibrium approach
Alireza Azizi Hashem Zare Abbas Aminifard Jalil Khodaparast ShiraziAbstractFair distribution of income in countries is one of the development indicators of each country. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt appropriate policies for its improvement in order to identify the effect of effective factors on it. In this study, the importance MoreAbstractFair distribution of income in countries is one of the development indicators of each country. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt appropriate policies for its improvement in order to identify the effect of effective factors on it. In this study, the importance of determining the optimal inflation rate with the aim of minimizing income inequality by using the randomized dynamic equilibrium method in Iran between 1997 and 2020 is discussed. The results of the research indicate that the inflation rate is optimized to be 3.74 percent, so that the increase or decrease of inflation of this amount will increase income inequality. Therefore, the government should target its inflation rate with the aim of attaining the minimum inequality, so that the probability of fluctuations (increase or decrease) in inequality will exist. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - بررسی عدم تعادل و نابرابری فضایی – کالبدی در منطقه 17 شهرداری تهران نمونه موردی محله 8
ژیلا سجادی معصومه باغبان -
Open Access Article
171 - ارزیابی تطبیقی ساختار فضایی استانهای خراسان رضوی، شمالی و جنوبی با تاکید بر مراکز شهری
محمدرحیم رهنما مریم بیرانوندزاده کبری سرخ کمال -
Open Access Article
172 - The effects of electricity tariff liberalization on economic growth in the form of calculable general equilibrium model (CGE)
Aliakbar Mehrabian Abbas Memarnezhad Seyedshamsoldin Hosseini Farhad GhafariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity tariff liberalization on value added and growth of different economic sectors based on designing a general equilibrium model that can be calculated for Iran and using the social accounting matrix in MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity tariff liberalization on value added and growth of different economic sectors based on designing a general equilibrium model that can be calculated for Iran and using the social accounting matrix in 2011. The government intended to organize the use of energy subsidies in addition to establishing justice in society by implementing the law on targeted subsidies. In this study, the policy of subsidy reform and electricity tariff liberalization has been studied in the form of two scenarios. The first scenario was a 50% reduction in subsidies paid in the electricity sector and the second scenario was the complete elimination of subsidies in the electricity sector. The results of this study showed that the change in electricity tariffs has led to an increase in value added growth in various economic sectors in both scenarios. Meanwhile, the sectors of oil and natural gas, food and electricity supply, water and gas have shown the highest growth in the second scenario compared to the first scenario, and the sectors of construction, wood and paper, non-metallic minerals and other industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - مدیریت هماهنگ منطقهای راهکار ایجاد تعادل فضایی در نظام شهری منطقه شهری تهران
اسداله بیات زینب کرکه آبادی سعید کامیابی -
Open Access Article
174 - Investigation and Comparison of the Financing Costs Through the Financial Intermediates on Household Behavior(DSGE Model)
hamidreza izadiFinancing to implement macroeconomic policies in the public and private sectors is one of the most important factors in achieving economic goals in any country. On the one hand, easy access and on the other hand, amount of financing costs of these funds via the financia MoreFinancing to implement macroeconomic policies in the public and private sectors is one of the most important factors in achieving economic goals in any country. On the one hand, easy access and on the other hand, amount of financing costs of these funds via the financial intermediaries whose role is to provide these resources, can lead to change in the dynamics of macroeconomic variables and Consider as an important factor in volatilities in business cycle. Given the importance of role of financing costs in economic modeling, this paper seeks to investigate the role of borrowing and financing costs in economic models by designing a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model and Compare the impact of such costs on the behavior of macroeconomic variables. Comparison of the results of the impulse-response functions of the variables shows that the entering of financing costs into the model led to reduce of the impact of shocks on the variables. In fact, the existence of these costs can change household investment decisions and cause investment to be delayed until the financing costs of financial intermediates are at their lowest and the investment horizon changed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Estimation and Comparison of Short-Term Interest Rate Equilibrium Models Using Islamic Treasury Bills
moslem peymany zohreh hooshangiIn the following paper, short-term interest rate is modeled using some of the most prevalent single factor equilibrium models in Iran. In this research, model’s performance is compared to each other using some indicators relating to model fitness, interest volatil MoreIn the following paper, short-term interest rate is modeled using some of the most prevalent single factor equilibrium models in Iran. In this research, model’s performance is compared to each other using some indicators relating to model fitness, interest volatility and interest level changes. For this purpose, Islamic treasury bill yield data were obtained from the period 1394 to 1395 and the models were estimated using generalized method of moments. The findings of this research illustrate that Brennan-Schwartz and CKLS models perform better in interest rate fitness compared to other restricted models. Also, Brennan-Schwartz model show more predictive power than other models. In addition, short-term interest rate of Islamic Treasury Bill exhibit some mean reverting feature and the level of long term mean is estimated as well. Although all the models perform poorly in interest rate volatility fitness, there are some evidences showing that it is sensitive to the level of interest rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Happiness and Productivity of Labor in Iran: Econometric Method and Systems Dynamic Approaches
Nematollah Falihi-Pirbasti S. Rahbari-NezhadThehappiness economic subject, like human capital and environmental economics, is very important from micro and macroeconomic perspectives, and effective on economic growth and productivity. The goals of this research are the study of labor happiness economics and facto MoreThehappiness economic subject, like human capital and environmental economics, is very important from micro and macroeconomic perspectives, and effective on economic growth and productivity. The goals of this research are the study of labor happiness economics and factors affecting happiness economic index. Here the happiness is divided into the goods and intellectual happiness. The goods happiness was studied using literature, economic, and system dynamic model approaches whereas, intellectual happiness was analyzed using data collected by questionnaires. The effect of happiness on economic growth was analyzed, as well. In the system dynamic approach, such variables as pollution and householdexpenditure were usedan different general equilibrium scenarios were considered. The results showed that increase in the happiness caused increase in productivity of labor. Health, job satisfaction and feelings of job security caused positive impact on happiness feeling Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
177 - Measuring the Impact of Tariff Rate Reduction on Automobiles Industry on Import and GNP for Iran: CGE Model
M. Rezaei R. Khoshakhlagh M. VaezConsidering tariff policy in trading has been especially interested for countries particularly developing ones in recent decays. The primary aim of tariff was to protect domestic industries as well as improve and equilibrate tariff payments, but today tariff is one of t MoreConsidering tariff policy in trading has been especially interested for countries particularly developing ones in recent decays. The primary aim of tariff was to protect domestic industries as well as improve and equilibrate tariff payments, but today tariff is one of the most important tools in international trade policy with an influence on forms and volumes of a country's business with others. Considering economical effects of custom tariff in international trade, every country can benefit from this tool in accordance of their national goals. In the present study, the effect of tariff reduction on GNP, automobiles import and other economical sections was evaluated based on the computable general equilibrium CGE model for Iran. This model in planned based on the matrix of MCM data1380. The results suggest that automobile for other sections. Also, GNP and economic welfare were increased. In addition, tariff reduction caused automobile import reduction and import increase. Also, it caused an increase in GNP Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
178 - Effect of Cooling Rate and Copper Content on the Non-Equilibrium Eutectic Formation in Binary Al-Cu Alloys by Computer- Aided Cooling Curve Method
Mehdi Dehnavi Mohsen Haddad SabzevarIn this study, the effect of cooling rate and copper addition was taken into consideration in non- equilibrium eutectic transformation of binary Al-Cu melt via cooling curve analysis. For this purpose, melts with different copper weight percent of 2.2, 3.7 and 4.8 MoreIn this study, the effect of cooling rate and copper addition was taken into consideration in non- equilibrium eutectic transformation of binary Al-Cu melt via cooling curve analysis. For this purpose, melts with different copper weight percent of 2.2, 3.7 and 4.8 were prepared and cooled in controlled rates of 0.04 and 0.42 °C/sec. Results show that, latent heat of alloy highly depends upon the post- solidification cooling rate and composition. As copper content of alloy and cooling rate increase, achieved non- equilibrium eutectic phase increases that leads to release of much latent heat and appearing of second deviation in cooling curve. This deviation can be seen in first time derivative curve in the form of a definite peak. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
179 - Comparing the Components between Parkinson's Disease Model in the Male Mice Induced by Rotenone
Mohammad Mohammad Ali Mansouri Ahmad Ali Moazedi Gholam Ali ParhamParkinson's disease (PD) is considered as a movement disorder, and its diagnosis is based on the presence of a set of cardinal motor symptoms. Since the pathogenesis of PD is not well understood today, the importance of the use of animal models to better understand PD a MoreParkinson's disease (PD) is considered as a movement disorder, and its diagnosis is based on the presence of a set of cardinal motor symptoms. Since the pathogenesis of PD is not well understood today, the importance of the use of animal models to better understand PD and its cure is discovered. We aimed to provide new evidence on the comparison effect of rotenone on the components of PD. Thirty male mice (30±2 gr) were randomly divided into 3 groups; control group, rotenone solvent group, and rotenone group (ROT). ROT was treated with rotenone injections (2 mg/kg/48 h) for 19 days. Thus, the components of balance, movement, muscle rigidity and muscle strength tested by rotarod, open-field, and triple horizontal bar, and save testing data to evaluate and compare the effects of rotenone on these components. Component of muscle strength in all groups affected more than other components (P<0.05). In the next degree of balance, movement and muscle rigidity were affected. Rotenone could affect components of PD model which improved muscle strength component and was better than that of the other components. Probably this subject, including the main features of rotenone creates an experimental model of Parkinson's disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
180 - بررسی تاثیر 24 ساعت بی خوابی بر تعادل پویای بازیکنان بدمینتون 16-12 سال
محمد عزیزی ناصر بهپور عرفان کاکائی حمیده شریف زاده -
Open Access Article
181 - مقایسه قدرت اکسنتریک و کانسنتریک زانو و انعطاف پذیری ران در پای برتر و غیر برتر فوتبالیست ها
Mostafa Shojaei Abdolhamid Daneshjoo -
Open Access Article
182 - تأثیر یک دوره فعالیت بدنی منتخب بر عملکرد تعادل ایستا و پویای دختران نوجوان سالم
لیلا قادری قهفرخی فرناز ترابی آذر آقایاری -
Open Access Article
183 - اثرکانون توجه مبتنی برتعادل و دقت در ضربةآبدلیوچاگی بر هوگوی الکترونیکی تکواندوکاران دختر
پژمان احمدی مهرو کمرانی نجفآبادی ناهید صادقی -
Open Access Article
184 - بررسی تغییرات مقیاس تعادلی برگ پس از انجام تمرینات ویبریشن تمام بدن و بی تمرینی توسط مردان سالمند سالم
سید صدرالدین شجاع الدین حسین برنجیان تبریزی هادی با شفاعت سیاوش دستمنش -
Open Access Article
185 - تاثیر یک دوره تمرین مقاومتی و ویبریشن یکطرفه بر قدرت عضلانی و تعادل در عضو تمرین نکرده دختران غیر ورزشکار
فرناز زنگانه مسعود معینی شبستری امیر سرشین -
Open Access Article
186 - مقایسه تعادل ایستا و پویا و ارتباط آن با ویژگی های آنتروپومتریک در ورزشکاران رشته های ورزشی منتخب
حسین برنجیان علی عباسی هاجر جهادیان -
Open Access Article
187 - مقایسه زاویه Q و تعادل ایستا و پویا در دختران ورزشکار دارای کف پای صاف و طبیعی
مریم بهمنی سید صدرالدین شجاع الدین مهدی کهندی -
Open Access Article
188 - ارتباط شاخص های ترکیب بدنی با تعادل ایستا و پویا
امیر سرشین عیدی علیجانی فواد فیض الهی صدرالدین شجاع الدین سامان پاشایی جمال عبدی -
Open Access Article
189 - Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Static and Dynamic Balance in Children with Asperger's Autism
neda golsefid abedin golsephi hossein nazaryAbstractChildren with autism have difficulties such as impaired social interaction and communication skills, sensory processing, and impaired motor function and balance, which balance is one of the basic abilities of daily life. This study aimed to study the effect of w MoreAbstractChildren with autism have difficulties such as impaired social interaction and communication skills, sensory processing, and impaired motor function and balance, which balance is one of the basic abilities of daily life. This study aimed to study the effect of whole-body vibration on static and dynamic balance in children with Asperger's autism. The population of this quasi-experimental study was 20 juniors aged 8 to 10 years with Asperger's autism in Rasht city, who were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. These children took part in the whole-body vibration training program 3 sessions per week for 6 months. There were two balance tests to investigate balance disorders of the subjects before and after the training program. The flamingo test was used to measure static balance, and likewise, the heel-toe walking test was used to measure dynamic balance. The results of the independent t-test showed that the experimental group had a significant increase in static and dynamic balance compared to the control group (p<0.05). Intragroup changes showed that there was a significant difference between static and dynamic balances in the pre-test and posttest of the experimental group (p <0.05), but no significant difference was observed in the control group (p> 0.05). In conclusion, whole-body vibration training seems to affect static and dynamic balances, and children with autism can use this technique to improve their balance beneficially. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
190 - ارتباط انگیختگی و فعالسازی با تکلیف تعادلی پویا
امیرحمزه سبزی محمد کاظم واعظ موسوی پونه مختاری -
Open Access Article
191 - تأثیر یک دوره تمرینات ثبات دهنده ی مرکزیو تمرینات قدرتی بر برخی فاکتورهای آمادگی جسمانی در مردان سالمند
سید سجاد حسینی محمد هاشمی حسین رستمخانی -
Open Access Article
192 - اثر خستگی ایزوکینتیک عضلات اطراف مچ پا، زانو و ران بر شاخص های پایداری پاسچر پویا
ناتالی گدایلو امیر سرشین معصومه شجاعی -
Open Access Article
193 - تأثیر سه نوع پروتوکل مختلف خستگی بر تعادل پویای دانشجویان دختر ورزشکار
پریوش نوربخش حسین سپاسی -
Open Access Article
194 - The Effect of a Period of Selected Exercise on the Function of Static and Dynamic Balance in Healthy Teenager Girls
لیلا قادری قهفرخی فرناز ترابی آذر آقایاریAbstractThe purpose of this research was to codify strategic land-use planning concepts of Iranian football. The statistical population of this research was Iranian football experts. A total of 70 subjects were selected through purposive sampling snowball method. A comb MoreAbstractThe purpose of this research was to codify strategic land-use planning concepts of Iranian football. The statistical population of this research was Iranian football experts. A total of 70 subjects were selected through purposive sampling snowball method. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods coefficient initial questionnaire and open interviews and ratings were used for data collection and analysis. The research instrument was a self-made check list in which respondents were asked to indicate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the football List, while using geographic information system (GIS) to provide descriptive-analytic model, and part of the data in the software Arc - GIS was studied and analyzed. The overall result of this study showed that according to strategic land use planning of Iranian football, there is uneven distribution of sport places facilities and sport spaces for Iranian football. In addition, regarding the matrix positioning and strategic action, strategics approach of Iranian football is comparative. In order to balance the distribution of resources in the country, it seems that deep and creative special planning is needed to make balance in the factors affecting the Iranian football. On the order hand, it is essential to focus on the improvement of the synergy of sports activities of government and nongovernmental organization and private sectors which may ultimately lead to further success of Iranian football. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
195 - The Effect of Attention focus Based on the balance and Accuracy in Abdoliochagi on the Girl's e-hogu Taekwondo
مهرو کمرانی نجفآبادی پژمان احمدی ناهید صادقیThe role of attention in the performance of athletes is important in theory and practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focus of attention based on balance and external focus of attention based on the accuracy of the Abdoliochagi in MoreThe role of attention in the performance of athletes is important in theory and practice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of internal focus of attention based on balance and external focus of attention based on the accuracy of the Abdoliochagi in scoring from the e-hogu of girls of Taekwondo. The research design was pre-test and post-test with control group. The participants in this study were 45 female athletes from the age group of 10-14 having the red belt. After the pretest, participants were randomly divided into three group balance, accuracy, and control. The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was no significant difference between the adjusted mean scores of the Abdoliochagi Impact Score of the attention-focused group, the balance-based and non-focused attention group. Therefore, the focus of attention based on accuracy and balance did not have a significant effect on the scores obtained from the Abdoliochagi Impact. According to the results of this study, it is recommended that coaches during training and competitions do not emphasize on the focus of the athlete's inner attention on the balance and the focus of the external attention on the accuracy of the strikes in order to score points from the opponent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
196 - ﺿﺮورت ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﺗﻮأم ﺑﻲﺣﺴﻲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﻬﻮﺷﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ
naser vesal -
Open Access Article
197 - Study the Effect of Various Levels of Municipal Compost on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat cv. Chamran under Salinity Stress
Majid Rakhshanderu Vahid Mohammad Khani Nasrin Shaban Zeynab SarafrazAbiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, high temperatures, toxicity of chemicals and oxidative stress are serious threats to agriculture and the environment. This research was carried out in a greenhouse in Khorramabad, Lorestan province, in 2018 in a randomized com MoreAbiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, high temperatures, toxicity of chemicals and oxidative stress are serious threats to agriculture and the environment. This research was carried out in a greenhouse in Khorramabad, Lorestan province, in 2018 in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The test factors in this study consisted of three levels of salinity including control (0 ds/m), mild stress (4 dS/m) and severe stress (8 ds/m), and five levels of biological fertilizers including no compost application as control, and two, four, six and eight tons per hectare of municipal compost application. The results showed that salinity stress significantly reduced the number of seeds per spike of wheat plant and the lowest number of seeds per spike was recorded in severe salt stress treatments. Also, intense salinity stress significantly reduced the grain harvest index compared to non-stress conditions and increased the harvest index from 52% under unstable conditions to 29% in severe stress conditions. According to the results, salinity stress significantly reduced wheat grain yield and the lowest grain yield was recorded in salt stress and non-consumption of compost at a rate of 2.6 tons per hectare. Considering the important role of biofertilizers in improving physical, chemical, biological and soil fertility, providing appropriate levels of these materials in the soil in order to reduce the use of chemical inputs in pursuit of sustainable agricultural objectives in order to achieve a sustainable yield is essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
198 - تأثیر شوک های نفتی بر مقاومت اقتصادی با بکار گیری مدل مدیریت بهینه تعادل عمومی تصادفی پویا
علی رئیس پور رجبعلی نجمه سادات رباطی -
Open Access Article
199 - تبیین رابطه عوامل مرتبط با تعادل کار و زندگی با نقش میانجی هوش هیجانی و ارائه مدل (مورد مطالعه: پرستاران شاغل در بیمارستانهای دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی استان کرمان)
سعید امینی مقدم علیرضا منظری توکلی سنجر سلاجقه زهرا شکوه -
Open Access Article
200 - The Effect of Combined Application of Biological, Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth Responses and Quality of Several Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum) in Northern Khuzestan Province
mansour timar Shahram Lack Alireza Shokuhfar Naser Zarifinia mojtaba alavifazelIn order to investigate the effect of nutrition management of different potato cultivars, on the quantitative and qualitative traits and nutrients content in the potato tuber, an experiment was conducted in Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center of Dezful as split plot MoreIn order to investigate the effect of nutrition management of different potato cultivars, on the quantitative and qualitative traits and nutrients content in the potato tuber, an experiment was conducted in Safi Abad Agricultural Research Center of Dezful as split plot based on completely randomized block design with three replications during two cropping years 2016-2017. The studied treatments are nutrition at three levels (application of urea, triple superphosphate and potassium sulfate fertilizers (180, 150 and 100 kg.ha-1, respectively), nutrition with humic acid organic fertilizer and phosphorus Barvar-2 (1kg and 100 g.ha-1, respectively) and combined nutrition treatment with chemical fertilizers + humic acid+ phosphorus Barvar-2) in main plots and potato cultivars (Sante, Arinda and Savalan) in sub plots. The results showed that chemical fertilizer treatments had a higher percentage of dry matter than other nutritional treatments and nutritional treatment with chemical fertilizer+ humic acid+Barvar-2 was in the next rank. Also, findings showed that Sante cultivar in the second year with application of chemical fertilizer had higher percentage of dry matter than other treatments by 27.69 percent followed by Savalan cultivar was in the same nutrition treatment in the second year of cultivation 26.47 percent dry matter. Based on the results of mean comparison, the nitrogen content of potato in the second year increased significantly compared to the first year and the highest nitrogen content was observed in the studied treatments in the second year of the study. The highest amount of phosphorus was the humic acid+ Barvar-2 treatment in the second year by 3.31 mg. g-1 in Arinda cultivar. Generally, humic acid treatments were better than other nutritional treatments in terms of phosphorus levels. Also, according to the qualitative traits, the lowest levels of solanine toxin were obtained in the first and second year in Savalan cultivar, by 546.4 and 632. 2μg.g-1 dry matter respectively. In chemical fertilizer nutrition treatments, Arinda cultivar had the lowest amount of solanine toxin in both years of research. Overall, the results of this study showed that Savalan cultivar had better performance than other cultivars and in general, the application of phosphorus Barvar-2 and humic acid improved the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of potatoes in the northern Khuzestan climatic conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
201 - identify the components of educational leadership based on the teachings of Islam.
amir aliasgariThe aim of this study was to identify the components of an educational leader based on the doctrines of Islam, using a qualitative approach and documentary method. In order to achieve this goal, first, information has been collected through documentary methods by referr MoreThe aim of this study was to identify the components of an educational leader based on the doctrines of Islam, using a qualitative approach and documentary method. In order to achieve this goal, first, information has been collected through documentary methods by referring to the Qur''an, Nahj al-Balaghah, The Treatise on the Rights of Imam Sajjad (Peace be upon him), Al-Kafi, The Scale of Wisdom, and other valuable Shia sources. . Then, in order to validate the information and data collected by documentary method, the statistical population of Islamic experts in the seminary and the university was selected, and sampling was continued purposefully until the data reached theoretical saturation. Finally 30 experts were interviewed. The research tool was in-depth semi-structured interviews that are considered to have good validity and reliability. The collected data were analyzed by meta-synthesis method. The results showed that there are five components for an educational leader based on the doctrines of Islam, which are religiosity, divine help, self-discipline, humility and dignity-enhancment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
202 - تاثیر آموزش چشم انداز زمان برتعادل زمانی و پایستگی تحصیلی دانشآموزان
Mahkameh Hoseyni Mojhgan Arefi Elnaz Sajadiyanاز آنجا که چشم­انداز زمان نقش تنظیم کننده اعمال انسان را داشته و بر فعالیتهای فردی، اجتماعی و روحی- روانی وی اثر دارد و پایستگی تحصیلی به توانایی دانش­آموز در غلبه بر مشکلات و موانع و چالشهایی که در زندگی تحصیلی بیشتر دانش­آموزان به طور معمول رخ میدهد مانن Moreاز آنجا که چشم­انداز زمان نقش تنظیم کننده اعمال انسان را داشته و بر فعالیتهای فردی، اجتماعی و روحی- روانی وی اثر دارد و پایستگی تحصیلی به توانایی دانش­آموز در غلبه بر مشکلات و موانع و چالشهایی که در زندگی تحصیلی بیشتر دانش­آموزان به طور معمول رخ میدهد مانند نمرههای پایین، فشار امتحان، تکالیف مشکل و بازخوردهایی در ارتباط معلم و شاگرد و رقابت و از دست دادن انگیزه اشاره دارد، تحقیق حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر آموزش چشم انداز زمان بر تعادل زمانی و پایستگی تحصیلی دانش­آموزان دختر پایه نهم شهر تهران انجام گردید. روش پژوهش حاضر نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون، پس آزمون و پیگیری با گروه گواه بود. جامعه آماری تحقیق کلیه دانش­آموزان دختر پایه نهم شهر تهران در سال تحصیلی 97-96 بودند. از میان دانش­آموزان مذکور با روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی چند مرحله­ای 60 نفر که تعادل زمانی نداشتند در دو گروه 30 نفره آزمایش و گواه به طور تصادفی تخصیص یافتند. گروه آزمایش به مدت 10 جلسه مورد آموزش قرار گرفتند. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه­های چشم انداز زمان زیمباردو(1999) ، پایستگی تحصیلی مارتین و مارش(2008) و بسته آموزشی چشم انداز زمان بود. برای تحلیل داده های جمع آوری شده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بونفرونی در سطح معناداری 05/0=α و با بکارگیری نرم افزار-22 spss استفاده گردید. یافته­ها نشان داد که آموزش چشم انداز زمان، بر تعادل زمانی و پایستگی تحصیلی ­دانش­آموزان اثر داشته و تفاوت معناداری بین دو گروه بود(001/0≥p ) واین تأثیر در مرحله پیگیری دو ماهه پایدار ماند(001/0≥p ).بنابراین تعادل زمانی در ابعاد مختلف با آموزش چشم انداز زمان میسر است و به دنبال آن پایستگی تحصیلی را می­توان افزایش داد و بدین صورت دانش­آموزان موثرتری برای اداره جامعه فردا تربیت نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
203 - A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy with Islamic approach based on Balance Selection on Quality of Life, Happiness, Life Satisfaction of Women Referred to Counseling Centers of Tehran
Monireh Kordloo جواد خلعتبری bagher sanaiThe purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy with Islamic approach based on Balance Selection on Quality of Life, Happiness, Life Satisfaction of women referred to counseling centers of Tehran psychological organizations. In this s MoreThe purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of Positive Psychotherapy with Islamic approach based on Balance Selection on Quality of Life, Happiness, Life Satisfaction of women referred to counseling centers of Tehran psychological organizations. In this study, 42 subjects of married women referring to counseling centers of the Psychological Organization were randomly selected and divided into three groups of 14 each. The three questionnaires were SWLS for life satisfaction, SF-36 for quality of life, and Oxford questionnaire was given to the clients as pre-test and post-test. The control group received only pre-test and post-test without any intervention; the experimental groups were trained in a 12-session positive-balance method using an Islamic approach based on balance selection. After a few months, tests were repeated in two experimental groups to evaluate the reliability of treatment. The results of the comparisons indicated that the psychotherapy based on the positivist approach compared with the control group significantly increased the participants' scores on the scales of quality of life, happiness and satisfaction. Participants of the Islamic approach based on balance selection compared with the control group also showed a significant increase in scores of Quality of Life (p and happiness .There was a significant difference between the scores of the participants in the Islamic approach group based on the balance selection, and control in the follow-up and the satisfaction scores of the women in the Islamic approach group from the post-test to the follow-up significantly increased. Keyword: Positive Psychology, Islamic Approach Based on Balance Selection, Quality of Life, Life Satisfaction, Happiness and Married Women Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
204 - Human relationships expression and analysis in forming the tragedy of Siavash
Ali Akbar Farhangi Mansureh Ghanbar AbadiAbstract Vast interrelationships in shahnameh require that it is looked at from different perspectives. According to the definition of tragedy which is the death of an ideal noble man in a story who falls from happiness to misery brings to mind this question that how h MoreAbstract Vast interrelationships in shahnameh require that it is looked at from different perspectives. According to the definition of tragedy which is the death of an ideal noble man in a story who falls from happiness to misery brings to mind this question that how human relationships proceed that eventuates the death of this man. Since in the ideal land of Iran relationships are based upon wisdom how do then these tragedies take place? The aim of this article is to analyze the tragedy of Siavash with respect to different relationship theories and their criteria in order to find other influential factors forming the tragedy. The conclusion reached in this research shows apart from wisdom there are other factors which can lead a relationship towards cooperation or contention and step by step complete the different pieces of a tragedy. The method of research is documentary. The analysis of the content is qualitative and quantitative and 1423 couplets were chosen from the story of Siavash in Jovayni’s Shahnameh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
205 - The effectiveness of emotional self-efficacy on emotional relationship and action acceptance in couples
Razieh Beigi Alireza Lotfi nokabadiTrying to improve the acceptance of action and maintaining the emotional relationship can improve the married life of couples, which makes the application of psychological models. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiven MoreTrying to improve the acceptance of action and maintaining the emotional relationship can improve the married life of couples, which makes the application of psychological models. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotional efficiency on emotional self and action comprehensibility in couples. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The second study was conducted on couples who referred to family counseling centers in Isfahan in the middle of 2023. From the mentioned society, 30 couples were selected in a purposeful way and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The pre-test was done through Diener et al.'s affect balance scale (2010) and Connor and Davidson's action flexibility questionnaire (2003). In the next stage, the experimental group underwent 8 weekly 90-minute emotional self-efficacy sessions. The control group was on the waiting list during this time. After the sessions, the post-test was administered. The data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate covariance analysis using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that the average difference between the two groups in emotional balance and action flexibility scores is significant (p<0.05). Therefore, specialists can benefit from emotional self-efficacy therapy in order to improve emotional balance and action flexibility in couples Manuscript profile
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