Analysis of Unbalanced Photovoltaic Systems Generation on Four-Wire Unbalance Distribution System of Shiraz

Subject Areas : Renewable energy

Hossein Karimianfard ¹ , Hossein Haghighat ²

1 - Islamic Azad university, Jahrom branch
2 - communication and electrical dept, Islamic University, Jahrom Branch

Received: 2019-04-11 Accepted : 2019-06-15 Published : 2019-08-06

Keywords: Photovoltaic cells, Four-wire unbalanced load flow, unbalanced distribution system,

Abstract :

The use of distributed energy resources in power grids and in particular in the distribution system has gained noticeable popularity and growth in recent years. Given the increasing use of solar energy resources in low voltage grids, an appropriate strategy to coordinate and control these resources is necessary in order to reduce annual grid energy losses and improve grid voltage profiles. In this paper, the optimization and coordination of local photovoltaic resources in a four-wire unbalanced low voltage distribution network is proposed and investigated for a given time horizon. The simulation is performed on a part of Shiraz low voltage network. Two scenarios are investigated: in the first scenario balanced output of three phase energy resources which are dispersed and uncontrolled, is considered. In the second scenario a situation is analyzed in which the output levels of these resources are unbalanced. The effect of these two scenarios on the annual energy losses of the network in question is thoroughly examined and discussed

References:

[1]      L. R. Araujo, D. R. R. Penido, S. Carneiro, J. L. R. Pereira, “A three-phase optimal power-flow algorithm to mitigate voltage unbalance”, IEEE Trans. Power   Delivery , Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 2394–2402, Oct. 2013 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2013.2261095).

[2]      A. R. Baran Jr, T. S. P. Fernandes, “A three-phase optimal power flow applied to the planning of unbalanced distribution networks”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 74, pp. 301–309, Jan. 2016 (doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.07.004).

[3]      De Oliveira-De Jesus PM, Alvarez MA, Yusta JM “Distribution power flow method based on a real quasi-symmetric matrix”, Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 95, pp.148–159, Feb. 2013 (doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2012.08.011).

[4]      D. Shirmohammadi, H. W. Hong, A. Semlyen, G. X. Luo, “A compensation-based power flow method for weakly meshed distribution and transmission networks”, IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 753–762, 1988 (doi:10.1109/59.192932).

[5]      C. Ciric, A. Padilha, L. Ochoa, “Power flow in four-wire distribution networks-general approach”, Proceeding of the IEEE/, Vol. 1, 893, Denver, CO, USA, June 2004 (doi:10.1109/PES.2004.1372952).

[6]      D. R. R. Penido, L. R. Araujo, J. L. R. Pereira, P. A. N. Garcia, S. Carneiro, “Four wire newton-raphson power flow based on the current injection method”, Proceeding of the IEEE/PSCE, Vol. 1, pp. 239–242, New York, NY, USA, Oct. 2004 (doi: 10.1109/PSCE.2004.1397701).

[7]      V. Khadkikar, A. Chandra, “A novel structure for three-phase four-wire distribution system utilizing unified power quality conditioner (UPQC)”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 1897–1902, Sep./Oct.2009 (doi:10.1109/TIA.2009.2027147).

[8]      Y. Li ; D. M. Vilathgamuwa, P. C. Loh, “Microgrid power quality enhancement using a three-phase four-wire grid-interfacing compensator”, IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications., Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 1707–1719, Nov./Dec. 2005 (doi:10.1109/TIA.2005.858262).

[9]      T. A. Short, J. R. Stewart, D. R. Smith, J. O'Brien, K. Hampton, “Five-wire distribution system demonstration project”,  IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 649–654, April 2002 (doi:10.1109/61.997954).

[10]      M. MejbaulHaque, P. Wolfs, “A four-wire reduced bus capacitance UPFC for LV distribution networks with high PV penetrations”, Proceeding of the IEEE/AUPEC, pp. 1–7, Perth, WA, Australia , Sep./Oct. 2014 (doi:10.1109/AUPEC.2014.6966497).

[11]      D. R. R. Penido, L. R. Araujo, S. Carneiro, J. L. R. Pereira, P. A. N. Garcia, “Three-phase power flow based on four-conductor current injection method for unbalanced distribution networks”,  IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 494–503, May 2008 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2008.919423).

[12]      E. Mahdavi, R. Danaie, “Investigation of asymmetric three-phase systems with unbalanced loads”, Proceeding of the EPDC, pp. 1-14, 1993.

[13]      A. Salarikhoo, M. RashidiNezhad, N. Khageh poor “Load flow in low-voltage distribution feeder in Kerman using backward and forward method”, Proceeding of the EPDC, pp. 1-5, 2009.

[14]      A. Aghatehrani, “Load flow analysis with the aim of balancing and optimal load compensation and preventing voltage drop in distribution network”, Proceeding of the ICCEAS, pp. 1-15, 2017.

[15]      Anderson PM, “Analysis of faulted power system, power system engineering series”, IEEE Press, Piscataway, pp. 71-83, 1995.

[16]      S. Bhagavathy, N. Pearsall, G. Putrus, S. Walker, “Performance of UK distribution networks with single phase PV systems under fault”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 113, pp. 713-725, 2019 (doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.05.077).

[17]      D. Ranamuka, A.P. Agalgaonkar, K.M. Muttaqi, “Conservation voltage reduction and VAr management considering urban distribution system operation with solar-PV”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 105, pp. 856-866, Feb. 2019 (doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2018.09.027).

[18]      T. P. Abud, R. S. Maciel, B. S. M. C. Borba, “Influence of local market economic analysis on PV generation stochastic approach in LV distribution networks”, International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 112, pp. 178-190, Nov. 2019 (doi: /10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.04.041).