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    • List of Articles اسنکندر فتحی آذر

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Effect Education with Conceptual Mapping on the Academic Achievement of Biology Lesson for High School Students in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad
        mohsen taghizadeh Eskandar Fathiazar moslem azarbakhsh
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of educational method using a conceptual mapping on the amount of learning in the course of biology, especially in terms of meaningful learning. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-te More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of educational method using a conceptual mapping on the amount of learning in the course of biology, especially in terms of meaningful learning. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test was used. The statistical population of this study was the third grade high school students of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Province in the year 2013-2014. Two classes were selected through purposeful sampling (each class included 20), in the control group, the students learned the lessons in the usual way, and in the experimental group the curriculum was presented in the form of conceptual maps to the students. The impact of this application on the learner's academic achievement in the biology course was measured through academic achievement tests with acceptable indicators of validity and reliability. The findings of the present study show that conceptual learning training has a positive effect on the degree of academic achievement of the biology course as well as its meaningful learning. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Service learning: applaying educational theory in practice
        Maryam Marandi, Yusef Adib Eskandar Fathiazar Firooz Mahmoodi
        Service learning has a history of nearly a centry as one oflearn new approaches and discourses. Learning course concepts through participation in a community service project says service learning. This educational approach is one of a variety of experiential learning,pr More
        Service learning has a history of nearly a centry as one oflearn new approaches and discourses. Learning course concepts through participation in a community service project says service learning. This educational approach is one of a variety of experiential learning,provides an opportunity for learners to recognize their social needs and planning to meet one of that needs,during the various phases of work (from planning to implemention and evaluation) set written in the textbook concepts to learn.Service learning links experience of traditional teaching with real life and ability to meet the challenges and problems life provides for learners.This educational discourse, focusing on curriculum and educational content and not only don’t forget textbook, But also through practical experience and applying teaching of the school to serve the people of the community that it serves require, learners understand of the educational content is deeper and more tangible. Eisner argues,this kind of learning is essential for schools and universities and emphasizes on paying attention to educate genius students with technical skills including assesment, critical thinking,and effective communication, which is referred to as service learning. In this study, "Speculative Essay" is used as research method and "Review of Documentation" is used as a tool for information gathering. According to the research purpose, topics such as Definition of service learning, philosophical foundations of service learning, the models in this education, principal andadvantages and disadvantages for the education related to explain the necessity of attention to service learning in designing curricula and educational system in Iran. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - The relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence, achievement goal orientation with academic procrastination in Tabriz University students
        skandar Fathi azar rahim badri gargari manizheh khani
        This study determined the relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence and achievement goal orientation with academic procrastination. For this purpose, using a stratified random method, 384 students were selected from all of the undergraduate students of Tabri More
        This study determined the relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence and achievement goal orientation with academic procrastination. For this purpose, using a stratified random method, 384 students were selected from all of the undergraduate students of Tabriz University (11200 students). Data were gathered by these questionnaires academic procrastination assessment scale, implicit beliefs of intelligence, and achievement goal orientation. Data obtained using Pearson's correlation test, and t test for independent groups were analyzed in SPSS software. The results showed that there was there is a significant relationship between implicit beliefs of intelligence (inherent and additive), goal orientations (mastery- approach, performance- avoidance, mastery- avoidance) and except the performance- approach, with academic procrastination. Finally, the results showed there was not any significant difference between males and females in academic procrastination. Also the 41 percent of the students have high and very high procrastination. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Investigating the experience of high school science teachers from the nature of science
        somayyeh mola ghalghachi Eskandar Fathiazar Yousef Adib
        Abstract: The present research aims to study experiences of high school science teachers from the nature of science. Adopting a phenomenological approach and purposeful sampling, this qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 30 high s More
        Abstract: The present research aims to study experiences of high school science teachers from the nature of science. Adopting a phenomenological approach and purposeful sampling, this qualitative research was carried out through semi-structured interviews with 30 high school science teachers (physics, chemistry, biology and earth sciences) in Tabriz. In order to increase the precisionand throughout the research has used from  viewpoints of experts, continusely study method, compare the data study, make brief and classified the information without any damaged data. The interviews were recorded and analyzed through Smith's method. The findings based on the experiences of the teachers about nature of science were classified into 10 main themes, i.e. “definition of  science”, “Science isolation from other issues”, “being tentativeness scientific knowledge”, “theory-laden observations and subjectivity” “The role of imagination and creativity in science”, “distinction between theories and laws”, “the distinction between observation and inference in science” -“ scientific method”, “cultural and social influences on science” “Features scientists”,  and several subthemes. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Explaining procrastination among high school students: A grounded theory study
        Saeed Garaaghaji Shahram Vahedi Eskandar Fathi Azar Yousef Adib
        Academic Procrastination is one of the most common phenomena among students. Several factors associated with academic procrastination. The current study aimed to design a conceptual model of academic procrastination based on the immediate experiences of the students inv More
        Academic Procrastination is one of the most common phenomena among students. Several factors associated with academic procrastination. The current study aimed to design a conceptual model of academic procrastination based on the immediate experiences of the students involved in this phenomenon. The research methodology was qualitative, grounded theory. Participants in the study were 30 high school students who were selected from five districts of Tabriz by purposeful and theoretical sampling method. Semi-structured interview method was used to collecting data. Analyzing data was performed on Corbin and Strauss (2008) model. The results of research identified 33 sub-themes and 12 main themes. The core category extracted from the themes, was the instrumental attitude toward learning. Extracted themes based on areas of the paradigm model assigned to context, process and consequence. Conditional-consequential matrix and conceptual model were drawn and then, factors related to academic procrastination and how they interact with each other was determined. The overall result of the present study was that the instrumental attitude to learning plays a mediate role between the context and the process factors. contextual factors are due to the instrumental attitude to learning as well as the process factors include poor planning, weakness in time management and low mindfulness lead to procrastination. The delay in doing the assignment has educational and emotional consequences. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Explaining the bases of curriculum decentralization in elementary school
        reza masouminejad Eskandar Fathi Azar Firooz Mahmoodi Yousef Adib
        The purpose of the research is to identify basise of the reduction of centralization and provide conditions For the implementation ofcurriculum decentralization in elementary school. research Approach is qualitative and is based on the Method of Conventionat Content Ana More
        The purpose of the research is to identify basise of the reduction of centralization and provide conditions For the implementation ofcurriculum decentralization in elementary school. research Approach is qualitative and is based on the Method of Conventionat Content Analysis.The statistical population of this study was all the experts of elementary education and educational groups in the 24 areas of West Azarbaijan Province educational institutions in the academic year of 2016-17, that were selected by targeted sampling method and the Sample volume was continued to the data saturation point.In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 experts. In order to ensure and validate the accuracy of the data, the technique of control of the members and the exact information acquisition technique were used. The findings of this research include the following seven main themes: change discourse, system thinking, discipline or soft subject areas, integrated approach, organic empowerment, teacher's knowledge, core skills groups. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The effect of brain-based education on level of learning of pre-schoolers and their linguistic preparedness
        ramin nozohouri Eskandar Fathiazar Yousef Adib Hasan Bafandeh Gharamaleki
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brain-based education on preschoolers level of learning and their linguistic preparedness. This research was carried out using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects were 40 stu More
        The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brain-based education on preschoolers level of learning and their linguistic preparedness. This research was carried out using quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects were 40 students who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and were divided into experimental and control group (two classes of 20 people). The pre-school educator of experimental group was trained in 9 sessions moreover two sessions of brain education were given to children's parents. The learning environment was changed based on the components affecting the brain (light, nutrition, oxygen, colour, music, and water). Subsequently, in the experimental group, training was provided for four months based on the principles of the brain-based curriculum. For both groups, pre-test and post-test were performed according to the content of the activities planned for the preschool education. Data were analyzed using covariance and T tests. The findings indicated that brain-based education has a significant effect on increasing the level of learning and its sustainability as well as their linguistic preparedness. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Elementary Teachers' Experience Of Curriculum decentralization: A Phenomenological Approach
        reza masouminejad Eskandar Fathiazar Yousef Adib Firouz Mahmoudi
        The present research seeks to explore the common learning experiences of elementary school teachers from the current status of the curriculum decentralization. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the measures and actions taken to curriculum decentralization.The More
        The present research seeks to explore the common learning experiences of elementary school teachers from the current status of the curriculum decentralization. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the measures and actions taken to curriculum decentralization.The methodology of this research is qualitative research in the form of interpretive phenomenology and The statistical population of the study included all the teachers of elementary schools in Khoy and Chayparaat cities in the academic year of 1395-96 which were selected through targeted sampling. In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 educators.The data were analyzed using Smith's phenomenological method (1995). The findings of this research consisted of four main themes including barriers and constraints, teacher's roles, innovations and stakeholder engagement, each of which had several sub themes, which included a total of 20 sub-components, including: Centralized decentralization, the view of the ruling national curriculum, in-service training, The nature of the elementary school, social acceptance, professional identity, teacher culture, teacher as researcher, teacher groups, teacher position, electronic content generation, Integration Curriculum, Educational plans, constructivist theory, provincial secretariats, conferences, Curriculum guiders, head teachers, teachers' councils, parents and educators associations. Manuscript profile