Islamic Republic

Open Access Article

1 - The impact of cultural institutions on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization
غفار zarei soleyman ghasempor Ali Mohammad Haghighi

The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the h More

The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the history of Iranian civilization. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to the explanation and emphasis on civilization based on the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the issue of civilizational identity has been considered as a main issue in cultural policy. Based on this, the main question of the research is, what effect did cultural institutions have on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that cultural institutions, knowing the goals and nature of different layers of modern Islamic civilization based on educational, media and cultural and political socialization components, should act in the direction of institutionalization and reproduction of modern Islamic civilization. According to the nature of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the viewpoint of the Supreme Leader, as well as the programs formulated in the field of cultural policies, it is possible to achieve the civilizational identity and its development and deepening. The research method is a qualitative method, and the method of collecting information in a library and analyzing the collected data is qualitative analysis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The possibility of inferring the justice system as fairness from within the discourses of the Islamic Republic
Afshin Habibzadehkolli Reza Akbari noori khodayar mortazavi asl

The concept of justice and the system based on it has always been one of the important topics of political thought and philosophy. John Rawls, one of the greatest contemporary political philosophers of the West, in his book Justice as Fairness, tries to explain in a pol More

The concept of justice and the system based on it has always been one of the important topics of political thought and philosophy. John Rawls, one of the greatest contemporary political philosophers of the West, in his book Justice as Fairness, tries to explain in a political understanding of justice, the necessities of realizing the greatest possible freedom and equality for the citizens of a democratic society. The theoretical framework of the article is the theory of justice as fairness and the research method is discourse analysis. The main question is to what extent is it possible to infer the justice system as fairness according to Rawls from the discourses of the Islamic Republic? In this connection, one of the main topics is the discussion about the ratio of public interests and individual and group interests, because according to Rawls, the justice system is the institutionalized area of public interests, which is due to the institutions of the basic structure of society, which is also associated with the existence of the country or The existence of the nation-state is ongoing. In this regard, the opinions of Morteza Motahari and Abdullah Javadi Amoli, two well-known clerics, have been examined as the main conceptualizers of the analysis of the discourse of justice, from which the possibility of extracting a theory of justice close to justice as fairness can be calculated. The result is that Motahari's point of view is more capable of interpreting the justice system as fairness in the discourse of political Islam than Javadi Amoli's point of view. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A study of the political patterns of influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran
ahmadreza habibi

Abstract The political patterns of influence which is the result of the experience of global arrogance in overthrowing anti-imperialist regimes are the roadmap for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore this study is More

Abstract The political patterns of influence which is the result of the experience of global arrogance in overthrowing anti-imperialist regimes are the roadmap for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore this study is in response to this question that what political patterns are used for the political influence of the domination system in the Islamic Republic of Iran, in a descriptive-analytical method, has analyzed and explained the political patterns of influence of the domination system. The results of the present study show that system of domination, after failing in a hard approach to counter the Islamic Revolution of Iran, has entered the campaign against the system of the Islamic Republic with a soft approach. And system of domination using the patterns of democratization, war of ideas, war of wills, RefoLotion, nonviolent struggle, normalization and computational battle, with the aim of transmutation and overthrowing the Islamic Revolution, and using domestic and foreign influencers, has attempted to political influence in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - An Analysis of the 17th Global Development Program and the Foreign Policy Approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran
majid abdollahi mohammadreza قائدی مریم مرادی حبیب اله ابوالحسن شیرازی

Governments need regular and codified plans to develop. Also,in the international system for better and more governments to cooperate with each other,the United Nations has developed and presented programs. For example, the 17th World Development Program is one of these More

Governments need regular and codified plans to develop. Also,in the international system for better and more governments to cooperate with each other,the United Nations has developed and presented programs. For example, the 17th World Development Program is one of these measures that have been considered. In the meantime, what helps the faster and coordinated development of countries in line with international programs is an efficient foreign policy.Regarding the importance of foreign policy that regulates relations between countries,it should be said that foreign policy is always a reflection of the nature of the government; The level and depth of change in the foreign policy of the countries is directly related to the form of government system,decision making model, governing norms and principles and numerous environmental components that return the feedback of continuity and change into the system.The main goal of this article is to analyze the role of the 17th World Development Program and the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question raised is, what has been the foreign policy approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran for the 17th World Development Program? To answer this question,the descriptive-analytical method has been used, using the findings collected by the library method and internet sites. The results of the findings show that due to the fact that the issue of development is considered in the foreign policy programs of the Republic of Iran, but in line with the seventeen goals of global development, effective measures are not observed in the approach and behavior of the foreign policy.The state of poverty and underdevelopment of some provinces of the country such as Sistan and Baluchistan, environmental indicators in the country (problems of water shortage,drying up of wetlands and lakes) are examples of the lack of an effective approach in foreign policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Examining the economic goals of Iran and China in the comprehensive strategic cooperation document
Arezoo Askary Mehrdad salehiyeganeh

Relations between Iran and China have a long history. Their first communication took place through the old silk road, and today, with the new silk road plan by China and the 25-year comprehensive strategic cooperation document, the relations between the two countries ha More

Relations between Iran and China have a long history. Their first communication took place through the old silk road, and today, with the new silk road plan by China and the 25-year comprehensive strategic cooperation document, the relations between the two countries have expanded to the level of strategic partnership. China has signed cooperation documents with many countries to implement the Belt and Road Initiative. Iran has also received special attention from Beijing due to its special geopolitical situation. Therefore, on April 7, 1400, a 25-year comprehensive strategic cooperation document was signed between the foreign ministers of Iran and China, which is supposed to be a road map for the future cooperation of the parties. The current research is an attempt to answer the question, what economic goals are pursued by the Islamic Republic of Iran and China through the 25-year comprehensive strategic cooperation document? The proposed hypothesis is that China's main goal in the aforementioned agreement is to diversify energy sources and ensure its security. On the other hand, the most important goal of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to get rid of the economic blockade by increasing trade exchanges with China under the conditions of economic sanctions. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and information gathering is also done by using written sources including books, articles, documents and internet data Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - An Analytical Study on the Formation of Ground War in the Future on the Issue of the Most Quietest Region in the Islamic Republic of Iran
seyed Alireza Ghazimirsaeed

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the formation of ground warfare in the future in the problem of the tallest region of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, a special meeting of 38 ground-based field professors grouped in 11 expert groups wa More

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the formation of ground warfare in the future in the problem of the tallest region of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, a special meeting of 38 ground-based field professors grouped in 11 expert groups was held and an interview was held with them. The results were then returned to the experts and re-approved. Then, using qualitative analysis method, data analysis was performed and the most problematic region of the country was identified for possible future ground warfare in the east and south east of the country. There are also trends in the formation of such a war in the region, the increasing presence of supranational powers including the United States and NATO, the intensification of the movements of the Zionist regime and Saudi Arabia in Balochistan, Pakistan and Iran, the re-formation of fake identity groups in Afghanistan, and North of Pakistan and increasing unreliability of the central government and excessive ethnicity in the border provinces of Iran, and key actors include the transatlantic forces of the United States, NATO and the Zionist regime, and Saudi Arabia, Turkey, ISIS and new forms of fake identity groups, hypocrites and Pakistani-Taliban Balochistan Independence Groups and local terrorists RAdykalysm are ethnic and Wahhabism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The relationship between personality characteristics and burnout and employee deviant behaviors of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Maryam Sadeghi Amir Garousi

Objective: The aim of this study is to determining the relationship between personality traits and burnout and employee deviant behaviors of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods: This research followed an applied goal and the descriptive-survey meth More

Objective: The aim of this study is to determining the relationship between personality traits and burnout and employee deviant behaviors of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Methods: This research followed an applied goal and the descriptive-survey method was used as data gathering method. The statistical population of the study was all employees of the Central Bank, of which sample size based on the Cochran sampling formula, 348 people were selected by simple random sampling method. Research tools were NEO questionnaire of Personality traits inventory, Maslach & Jackson burnout (1981) and Golparvar et al. (1390) deviant behaviors inventory. Cronbach’s alpha to evaluate the reliability of questionnaires was obtained 0.734, 0.716 and 0.823, respectively. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling in LISREL and regression and Pearson's correlation tests in SPSS. Findings: The coefficient of determination calculated showed that five personality traits respectively 41% and 22% of the variance explained by burnout and deviant behaviors virgin.Conclusion: Neuroticism (β =0.243) as the most positive effects and extraversion (β =-0.241) have the most negative effect on burnout. The people with adjective neuroticism and agreeableness more prone to burnout and they are willing to engage in deviant behaviors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Improving the strategic model of governance of local affairs in the Islamic Republic of Iran
mohammad amirabadi seyedjavad amini

10.30495/ijpa.2022.68364.10961

Background: The field of politics and its related issues are changing and expanding, how to govern according to the ideal governance criteria has become more important and is being considered in various fields including legislation, public policymaking and related scien More

Background: The field of politics and its related issues are changing and expanding, how to govern according to the ideal governance criteria has become more important and is being considered in various fields including legislation, public policymaking and related sciences. Objective: The present research was conducted with the aim of providing a strategic plan for the governance of local affairs in the Islamic Republic of Iran and improving its model. Methods: The present research method is of mixed type. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used in mixed research. Thematic analysis strategy was used in the qualitative part of this research. In the quantitative part, SWAT analysis was used to select the optimal strategy. In the qualitative part of the research, the statistical population is university professors who are familiar with the subject of local governance, as well as representatives of the Islamic Council, representatives of city and village Islamic councils, mayors, governors and governors. The sampling method is based on snowball until theoretical saturation. The statistical population in the quantitative phase of the research is all experts and professors in the field of local governance, members of parliament, city council and officials of the Ministry of Interior, which does not have an exact figure. Findings: Based on the findings of the research, the dimensions of the strategic planning of local governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran include local policy making, law-based local governance, fair distribution of resources in the country, clear accountability, participatory management, decentralization and decentralized planning, building trust and social harmony, strengthening infrastructures. Cultural and social are providing the context for local investment and cultural interactions that lead to the consequences of national power, economic growth and gaining international credit. Based on SWAT analysis and prioritization, among the proposed strategies, SO strategies are chosen as the best strategy for governing local affairs in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The emphasis of the strategies of the SO team is to make the most of the opportunities that are available to it by providing implementation solutions while using the strengths. Conclusion: The formation of local governments and local organizations is in the administrative-management structure of governments. Social, political or economic development becomes real and meaningful only when they start from the lowest level of society.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Media Convergence Components of IRNA and AFP in Presidential Elections 2017
Omid Ali Masoudi

Media convergence has created new conditions for the interaction of news agencies and social networks to address the problem of reducing audience. The purpose of this research is to identify the components of media convergence in the news agencies. In this research, whi More

Media convergence has created new conditions for the interaction of news agencies and social networks to address the problem of reducing audience. The purpose of this research is to identify the components of media convergence in the news agencies. In this research, which was done by the Mixed method, quantitative content analysis and Delphi method in May 2017, the analysis of the content of the output of the Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) and the agency france presse indicated that in IRNA, first, the main content is published, And has only moved to other internal networks in the recent months due to filtering its business area. While Frans Press publishes them on the Twitter social network before publishing its original content, the two news agencies How to produce content such as news source, story style, orientation, subject matter Event- oriented and process-oriented issues also differ in the contexts for media convergence. The results of the research, based on the opinions of the elite and experts, indicate that the media interaction and convergence between news agencies and social networks in five components: innovation, social networks, media overlapping,m News values for social networks and news writing for social networks. The research showed that elites and experts agree on prioritizing social networks, media overlap between news agencies and social networks, and the need to pay attention to news values in social networks And authorize specific editions for social networks. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Fatemeh Esmaeili, Aliakbar Razmjo, Ebrahim Fathi
Fateme Esmaeeli Aliakbar Razmjoo Ebrahim Fathi

10.30495/mediastudies.2022.65190.1432

Social harms as fresh and open wound are always visible on the body of the country's social system and affect many people. Perhaps the lack of standards and a clear roadmap for news coverage of injuries such as addiction, divorce and marginalization, the severity and di More

Social harms as fresh and open wound are always visible on the body of the country's social system and affect many people. Perhaps the lack of standards and a clear roadmap for news coverage of injuries such as addiction, divorce and marginalization, the severity and direction of injuries are also subject to new destructive factors. The issue of presenting social harm news coverage strategies for IRIB is also important in this regard in order to be able to improve the standards of relevant news coverage. Data was collected through the study of library documents and use of in-depth experts in the field of news. SWOT method was used for analysis .After encoding the data, in a general classification, 12strengths, 45weaknesses, 10 external opportunities and 29 external threats were extracted and placed in the SWOT matrix. After SWOT calculations, the final score showed that the current position of social harm news coverage is at the strategic point of the WT, indicating that national media is facing major environmental threats and its resources are weak; In fact Iran Broadcasting is facing serious weaknesses and critical threats in terms of news coverage, especially in the social field in general and social harms in particular, and it is necessary to adopt defensive strategies to reduce weaknesses and avoid external threats in order to be able to gain audience trust and increase the effectiveness of news in this area. Manuscript profile

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11 - Definition of mission and vision of media organizations. Case study: learning (amoozesh) Channel of Islamic republic of iran broadcasting
youseph norouzgendeshmin Taher Roshandel

Definition of mission and vision of media organizations. Case study: learning(amozesh) Channel of Islamic republic of iran broadcasting Abstract Nowadays, if organizations pursue sustain growth and development, they have to consider the definition of mission and vision More

Definition of mission and vision of media organizations. Case study: learning(amozesh) Channel of Islamic republic of iran broadcasting Abstract Nowadays, if organizations pursue sustain growth and development, they have to consider the definition of mission and vision. Amozesh channel as a media organization take a great social responsibility and to meet its high goals and objectives needs to strategic planning which considers environmental fluctuation and complexity. The goal of this research is to define mission and vision of amozesh channel of Islamic republic of iran broadcasting as the first step of strategic planning. To achieve this goal , this research uses in-depth interviews with executives of media organizations and academics . these interviews had analyzed with codifying and categorizing of 240 meaningful sentence. Repeating codifying reduces these sentences to 120 relevant sentences. After that ,the analysis of these sentences resulted in 11 category for mission framework and 3 category for vision platform. Finally , this categories shaped the mission and the vision of Amozesh channel. Key words : mission, vision, amozesh channel, Islamic republic of iran broadcasting, codifying and categorizing Key words : mission, vision, amozesh channel, Islamic republic of iran broadcasting, codifying and categorizing, Islamic republic of iran broadcasting, codifying and categorizing Manuscript profile

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12 - Identifying and Explaining the Influencing Factors on the Development of Social Marketing in Iran Broadcasting Organization (Qualitative Approach)
mehdi ali sharifi norooz hashemzehi seyed ali rahmanzadeh seyed vahid aghili

10.30495/mediastudies.2023.67054.1455

One of the most important factors affecting the profitability and success of organizations is paying attention to social marketing and its factors. Based on this concern, the motive of the present research was formed and it identified and studied the popular methods of More

One of the most important factors affecting the profitability and success of organizations is paying attention to social marketing and its factors. Based on this concern, the motive of the present research was formed and it identified and studied the popular methods of social marketing in today's world and its effective factors. The current research has a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method. By identifying and determining indicators, checking and coding all types of observation, interview and documentary data, it deals with data collection and various classifications. Considering its subject area, the statistical population of the research includes professors and specialists in the field of media, as well as high-level managers of the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, whose sample size was estimated to be 12 people based on the statistical analysis, and they were selected using the available method. In this research, the thematic method was used to analyze the data and Delphi technique was used to validate the data. The results show that in three stages of coding, the main and subcategories of social marketing in the IRIB were identified and related to each other, which are: 54 themes in 6 categories of factors related to customers, management, infrastructure, content, media and marketing. , are divided. The results indicate that it is necessary to consider the customer's needs in the IRIB. On the other hand, looking at management factors after customer orientation shows the high importance of social marketing in the decision-making area of media managers Manuscript profile

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13 - Typology Research of the Northwest Iran’s Railway Stations’ Architecture (The Qajar Period to Present)
Habib Shahhoseini Fatemeh Asadzadeh

10.30495/hoviatshahr.2022.65278.12147

The railways, as a gateway to urban life and an achievement of technology, reflect the characteristics of the culture and identity of each community, which are also presented in the architectural styles of its stations. Railway stations have been of great historical imp More

The railways, as a gateway to urban life and an achievement of technology, reflect the characteristics of the culture and identity of each community, which are also presented in the architectural styles of its stations. Railway stations have been of great historical importance by changing the intellectual horizon of the people. Today, railway stations do not only serve as a mean for people to travel and transport, but also, they are being constructed for their aesthetic and symbolic values. In this regard, old railway stations are the most significant ones as they increase the value of their surroundings and are capable to help practice sustainable architecture. The initial stations were mainly derived from endemic architecture styles and materials, resulting in enduring buildings. However, the typology of the architecture of the old railway stations in Iran has not been studied adequately especially in different periods of time and consequently, the need for a comprehensive study in this matter is striking. Therefore, by using the qualitative-analytical method and collecting data from various documents, old books, and field observations, this research aims to study and analyze the physical characteristics of 116 Iran’s northwestern railway stations (Tehran - Tabriz) in four periods of Qajar, first and second Pahlavi and The Islamic Republic to identify the physical patterns of the railway stations of each period. The main question that this paper tries to answer is: “what are the differences between railway stations’ architectural body during various periods of time in the northwestern line of Tehran-Tabriz?” First of all, railway stations of each period in the research area were identified one by one, and afterward, by a detailed analysis, the typology of the identified stations’ architectural body was classified for each period. The identified factors for evaluation were the plan’s type, number of floors, type of roof, the used materials in the station’s facade, and the number of ornaments. These factors were considered separately in the railway stations of each of the four periods. The results of the research indicate a significant reduction in the variety of patterns used over time, except for the number of floors in the period of the Islamic Republic with two and three-floors stations with more variety of uses, the type of materials used, roof type, type and proportions of the plan and the number of decoration patterns studied in this period, have lost their variety during the time. To construct railway stations in the period of the Islamic Republic, there has been a tendency towards flat roofs and a plan type that has a relatively monotone structure without decorations. The current research identifies the architectural body of historical railway stations, in order to plan for future development and reuse them while preserving their originality and historical identity, as part of the cultural heritage of Iranian society. Additionally, future studies can focus on a more detailed analysis such as determining differences between the various materials in each part of the building like façade, floor, walls, and ornaments during time periods. Manuscript profile

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14 - Examining the reasons for the weakness of professional ethics in the communication of the football federation at the international level
mozafar yektayar mostafa mostafapour mozhgan khodamoradpour meysam allahmoradi

10.30495/jism.2023.74278.1058

There are many problems in sports communication at the international level for the sports federations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the reasons for which should be considered in the lack of proper communication between the federations and the Asian and global authori More

There are many problems in sports communication at the international level for the sports federations of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the reasons for which should be considered in the lack of proper communication between the federations and the Asian and global authorities. In this research, the investigation of the reasons for the weakness of professional ethics in the communication of the football federation at the international level has been put on the agenda, and for this purpose, the analysis of the international relations of the football federation has been done. Undoubtedly, managerial weaknesses are one of the most important factors in not having a seat in the international football federation, especially the Asian Football Confederation. In this research, which was conducted in the form of a fuzzy Delphi, the opinion of the officials and experts of the football federation was analyzed in the field of strategies for obtaining seats. In general, it was found that communication with prominent people in international football, proper relations with the Asian Confederation and getting national and club hosting are the right ways to gain and maintain a powerful seat in the Asian Football Confederation.. . . .. . . . . . Manuscript profile

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15 - Political Cinema and America’s Foreign Policy Toward Iran After September 11th
Allahyar elahi Elahi Abbas Soltanloo Ali Reza soltani

Hollywood’s Political cinema as the hub of America's moviemaking is a set ofprofitable companies which have been produced movies from the beginning of therise of the American film industry in the village of Hollywood, but over time, itsname encompassed all the Ame More

Hollywood’s Political cinema as the hub of America's moviemaking is a set ofprofitable companies which have been produced movies from the beginning of therise of the American film industry in the village of Hollywood, but over time, itsname encompassed all the American film industry. Hollywood has always been aconvenient tool in the hands of the government and the government has beenruling in America until they transfer what they have wanted such as; Viewpointsand also their Positions to others, clearly or unclearly.The question is: what is the position of Hollywood’s political cinema in America'sforeign policy toward Iran after September 11th attacks? It should be answered tothis question that, after September 11th, Hollywood filmmakers have beeninfluenced by America's foreign policy orientations and made movies by referringto the past events and Islamic Revolution and also presented negative and scaryface of Islamic republic in world public thoughts by disguising the fact.Accordingly, we have faced to prominent image of Iran and Iranian in WesternMedias and specifically in Hollywood’s cinemas by Iran phobia project in theyears after the September 11th. After that time, issues such as Islamic Revolution,hostage crisis, terrorist attacks of September 11th, human rights, nuclear power,religion, culture, war, Iranian women, 1388 events of Iran and etc. were the mainsubject of countless anti-Iranian Hollywood films such as Argo, Syriana, Notwithout my daughter, The Insider, Alexander, 300, Maryam, Crash, House of sandand fog, Red Rose, Rosewater and etc., which have been made to presentAmerica's foreign policy goals Manuscript profile

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16 - Area Increases of Islamic Republic of Iran Using Satellite Images and its Effect on Improving the National Spirit
Mohammad Hassan Nami

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17 - Women in Contemporary Islamic Society: A Study of Iran
Ashaq Hussain Safa Altaf

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18 - The Role of Political Elite Relations in the Elites Circulation
Parizad Bahardoost Majid Tavassoli Roknabadi Mohammadamin Erfanmanesh

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19 - Vali-e-Faqih and the Legislative Criminal Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
amin allah zamani

10.30495/jijl.2022.63749.1482

The institution of Velayat-e-Faqih, as one of the manifestations of Islam, has a strategic and decisive role in the criminal policy network of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its orientation. In the theory of political discourse of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Sup More

The institution of Velayat-e-Faqih, as one of the manifestations of Islam, has a strategic and decisive role in the criminal policy network of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its orientation. In the theory of political discourse of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Supreme Leader is the ruler of the Islamic society, whose powers and guardianship are present at all levels of legislative, judicial, executive and participatory criminal policy. Legislative criminal policy oversees the enactment and oversight of the country's criminal laws and regulations. Vali-e-Faqih, based on the powers arising from the religious arguments of the province as well as the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, has the power to make policy and criminal legislation directly and indirectly. Implementing direct policy and legislation of the authorityThe institution of Velayat-e-Faqih, as one of the manifestations of Islam, has a strategic and decisive role in the criminal policy network of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its orientation. In the theory of political discourse of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Supreme Leader is the ruler of the Islamic society, whose powers and guardianship are present at all levels of legislative, judicial, executive and participatory criminal policy. Legislative criminal policy oversees the enactment and oversight of the country's criminal laws and regulations. Vali-e-Faqih, based on the powers arising from the religious arguments of the province as well as the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, has the power to make policy and criminal legislation directly and indirectly. Manuscript profile

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20 - Relationship between Cultural intelligence with Manager’s Performance (case study: the Provincial television networks of Islamic Republic of Iran West Region)
Arman Ahmadizad SAIED SEDAGHATALLAH MOSAVI nadia shabrand

Background: In the current world, cultural intelligence is an essential tool for managers, cultural intelligence is known as an effective feature in a variety of cultures. Considering its importance in multicultural environments such as broadcastingthe aim of this study More

Background: In the current world, cultural intelligence is an essential tool for managers, cultural intelligence is known as an effective feature in a variety of cultures. Considering its importance in multicultural environments such as broadcastingthe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cultural intelligence with manager’s performance in the Provincial television networks of Islamic Republic of Iran broadcasting West Region. Methods: The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and in terms of gathering information and data is descriptive correlation which conducted periodically in 2015. The study is to assess the basic concepts, to measure cultural intelligence standard questionnaire stigma and Early (2003) and to evaluate the performance of managers' standardized questionnaire Paterson (1998), which are all based on the Liker Scale.The statistical community consisted of this study was 200 directors in the Provincial television networks of Islamic Republic of Iran West Region that were selected 132 of them were examined according to Morgan.Pearson correlation test was used in order to investigate the relationship between variables, furthermore, in order to measure the research model and test hypothesis using SPSS 22. Results: There was a positive and significant correlation between cultural intelligence and managers' performance with a correlation coefficient of 377% at 95%, between metacognitive and performance managers with a coefficient of correlation of 113% at 95%, between cognitive dimension and performance managers with a correlation coefficient of 0/377 At 95% level, there is a positive and significant relationship between the motivational dimension and the performance of managers with a correlation coefficient of 0.478 at 95% confidence level, between behavioral dimension and managers' performance with a correlation coefficient of 0.222 at 95% confidence level. Conclusion: The findings of the study showed a positive correlation between cultural intelligence and performance management in organization dimensions studied. The analytical results showed that among the motivational aspects of cultural intelligence 478/0 correlation coefficient has the highest impact on the performance of managers. Manuscript profile

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21 - Political Development in the Era and After the Iranian Constitutional Revolution And the First Decade of the Islamic Revolution(57-67)
omid gahafari mahmoud ketabi نفیسه واعظ

The lack of political development of society with existing potential is one of the socio-political issues of the Iranian society. Because, in spite of the capacities, potentials and capabilities of the society, our country did not have a proper process for political dev More

The lack of political development of society with existing potential is one of the socio-political issues of the Iranian society. Because, in spite of the capacities, potentials and capabilities of the society, our country did not have a proper process for political development. Development of time can have a positive impact on society that is sustainable and balanced. In order to achieve sustainable development, all the capacities and potentials of the society should be utilized in a desirable manner in order to develop the process, structure and function of political development appropriate to the needs and conditions of the society. With the knowledge and knowledge of the capacities and potential of the community, there can be an appropriate planning for the political development of the country. It seems that the social political climate of Iran has faced many challenges and obstacles in its political development from one hundred years ago. In the context of the lack of political development during the constitutional era, factors such as colonialism and imperialism and the alienation of foreigners in the external dimension and the inability and insufficiency of the political system and internal problems in the internal dimension can be pointed out. Iran, during the Constitutional Revolution, did not achieve political development due to lack of attention to internal and external realities, despite the vast wealth of oil during the years 1962 - 1979, especially late in this period. Because the development pattern of the country is more developed than developed according to the structures of the developed countries, rather than being tailored to the internal conditions. The revolutionary society of Iran during the first decade of the revolution, especially with the end of the imposed war with respect to Islamic beliefs and revolutionary necessities and social desirability and the presence of people in all scenes and their participation in political and social dimensions as an important factor, political development Started Manuscript profile

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22 - Geopolitical Impact of Energy Transmission on the National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
basir asghari

AbstractBasically, energy is one of the most influential elements in the economic and political decisions of the actors of the international system, so that they can use this element to overcome the behavior of other actors. which was first used by library resources suc More

AbstractBasically, energy is one of the most influential elements in the economic and political decisions of the actors of the international system, so that they can use this element to overcome the behavior of other actors. which was first used by library resources such as the book Articles, articles, documents, press and statistics are used to describe the theoretical framework of the research and then to collect field data, a questionnaire has been used. Evaluation, research hypothesis testing and data analysis were done using SPSS software and regression test.The findings of the field studies indicate that the components of the prevention of crude energy and the adoption of the policy of development of refining and petrochemical industries, having the role of the most economical and secure energy transmission passage, providing and ensuring energy security and transmission, control Energy transit in the Strait of Hormuz, investment in the exploitation and transfer of energy, promotion of Iran's geopolitical weight due to access to energy resources and being located at the center of the strategic global energy center contributes more than other geopolitical components of energy transfer to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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23 - Evaluation of Iraq's insecurity factors and its effects on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
mohamad eisa ansarifard simin armaqan alireza estelaji

10.30495/sarzamin.2023.22961

will give necessary and at the same time will clarify the possibilities and limitations for them. Since there is a relationship between geographical factors and government policies, governments make policies according to the geographical situation of their country. For More

will give necessary and at the same time will clarify the possibilities and limitations for them. Since there is a relationship between geographical factors and government policies, governments make policies according to the geographical situation of their country. For this reason, geopolitical studies are particularly important. In addition to examining the relationship between geographical factors and the politics of a country, geopolitics also deals with the interpretation of eventsand predicts the future and determines the political policy of the country. Today, one of the most important issues that make countries face fundamental challenges is geopolitics versus security. The security of people in a geographical space is dependent on the security of governments, and the more powerful and stable the governments are, the more secure they can be. One of the issues that has a fundamental position in relation to the discussion of international security is the discussion of failed governments, which pose a danger not only to its subjects, but also to international security and can challenge international security and This basis in the current decade is among the countries that are among the failed governments; The country is Iraq. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Geoeconomic relations (geopolitical economy) of Iran- India and its convergence and divergence factor
Alireza mehrabi ghasem abbasianfard Sourosh Nick manesh

10.30495/sarzamin.2022.68471.2053

Indian Ocean as a Facilitator of world trade and free flow of energy has a special geopolitical role and its sides meet at the intersection of the major terrestrial axes that connect East Asia and South Asia and Etc it connects to Africa,Europe and India.Iran and India More

Indian Ocean as a Facilitator of world trade and free flow of energy has a special geopolitical role and its sides meet at the intersection of the major terrestrial axes that connect East Asia and South Asia and Etc it connects to Africa,Europe and India.Iran and India are two important countries in the region, and throughout history theyhave had close relationships with each other. Therefor, the geoeconomics of these two countries have a special relationship with each other it is ipmportant to investigating and recognizing the factors affecting it. In forthcoming reaserch, wich is of a fundmental nature and seek to find the facts and recognizing arising from the interaction of geography, economics and politics and using interpretive-analytical method in reaserch, we have studied the effect of Iran's political geography on economic relations with the countries of the Indian subcontinent and the case of India has been studied on a case-by-case basis. By studing the most important activities in the subject mentione wich is on of the important isues of foregn policy and international organizations and also, since the level of relations with foreign goverments and international organizations is one of the symbols of a country's development, in the present study, the relationship between Iran and India economic relations with Iran's geostrategic position and convergent and divergent factors affecting the economic development of the two countries has been discussed. The results of this study indicate that Iran can be a link between Central Asian countries and the Caucasus with India subcontinent and we are expected to see a significant increase is the convergence between Iran and India subcontinent, and in particular India. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - New Geopolitic of Europ and its imply cation on relation with Islamic Republic of form (Emphasizing on post –cold war and forming Europian union)
Abdoreza Faraji Rad Narges Qasemi

The Europe Union has passed much Height in the way of convergence of the impasse that  has already caught, which can be the world's most successful regional integration project. There sults of this convergence has been the formation of a unique foreign policy of ot More

The Europe Union has passed much Height in the way of convergence of the impasse that  has already caught, which can be the world's most successful regional integration project. There sults of this convergence has been the formation of a unique foreign policy of other countries around the world that are logic Since its formation of the Europe Union, Islamic Republic of Iran should have been faced with a union politic with Europe union members which severely affects the relations between Iran and Europe.In this study,we sought to answer the question of the formation of the Union of the Islamic Republic's relations with the Europe Union and how these relationships affect the geopolitical factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - An analysis on the Existing Problems in the Area of Tea Cultivation and industry in Iran
حسن Afrakhteh

The cultivation of tea was made popular in Iran in 1899 by Kashefosaltaneh . Itis currently cultivated in an expansive area covering approximately 34000hectare inthe southern coast of the Caspian Sea and now over 107 plants are processing andproducing this crop in diffe More

The cultivation of tea was made popular in Iran in 1899 by Kashefosaltaneh . Itis currently cultivated in an expansive area covering approximately 34000hectare inthe southern coast of the Caspian Sea and now over 107 plants are processing andproducing this crop in different areas of tea cultivation.By recently years about 47.6 percent of national tea consumption was supplieddomestically and the rest was imported. In recent years, the NDP share in proportion towhole national consumption has degraded (decreased) to 12.5%. Now over onehundred years have passed since the earlier date of tea cultivation begun. Thisindustry, however faces its critical conditions.This crisis was intensified and accelerated in 2004 due to the refusal show by plants tobuy the green tea leaf .This research mainly aims to identity the existing problems of tea cultivation andindustry as well as the effective factors affecting it. The research is based on data thatwere obtained through field research in eleven model tea cultivation farm and throughstudying some documents extracted from archives in national tea organization andother processed sources. Additionally, the collected data were analyzed by reviewingcorrelation coefficient between the variables. Also Spearman's non-parametriccorrelation coefficient was used to investigate the linear correlation betweenqualitative variables.The result shows that the ecological condition, land ownes system, green leafpricing system and policy, method of producing tea and commercial system allconstitute interrelated collection that influence the crisis of tea cultivation and industryin Iran. As a result, Iranian tea has no suitable quality and the authorities can notsupply more qualitative tea than the competition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Identification of the relationship between librarians' job satisfaction and public library endusers' satisfaction: the case of Zanjan public libraries
Hava Khazaeenejad Fahimeh Babolhavaejianzadeh

Purpose: The present study has been conducted with the aim of identifying the status of ICT in academic library, according to visions of Islamic Republic of Iran in 1404 (case study: Universities of North Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan provinces ). Method More

Purpose: The present study has been conducted with the aim of identifying the status of ICT in academic library, according to visions of Islamic Republic of Iran in 1404 (case study: Universities of North Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan provinces ). Methodology: The research method is applied according to the objectives, using library and survey method. The study population includes all managers and librarians in academic libraries of North Khorasan, Khorasan Razavi and South Khorasan provinces. The data collection tool was questionnaire based on the components of the information technology (IT) organization's Strategic Plan, which includes two questionnaires (managers and librarians). The results were analyzed by SPSS version 19 and one sample T test and independent T test. Findings: The results showed the low levels of adaptation between ICT in studied libraries and the IT strategic document. Moreover, the findings indicated that there is no difference between managers’ and librarians’ perspectives in the studied libraries in relation to conformity of components of the strategic document of IT organization. Conclusion: The results showed that the use of ICT in studied libraries with ICT strategic document is in the low level of compliance, especially in management components, standards, regional and international cooperation, security of information exchange, research, trade and development of e-services. The findings showed that to achieve the goals of visions of the Islamic Republic of Iran and compliance with the components of the IT organization's strategic plan, libraries should do their efforts in the period of less than ten years to become closer to the mentioned goals and concentrate more on discussion of information and communication technologies in their libraries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Designing an investment development model in the Tehran Stock Exchange based on the central role of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting, IRIB.
Mohsen Nazari Seyed Masoud Mohseni Seyed Vahid Aghili seyed Mahdi Sharifi

The development of investment culture in the stock exchange and the role of the mass media have been tied together to promote the financial literacy and media literacy of the people to improve the economy of the country. The coherence and efficiency of the stock exchang More

The development of investment culture in the stock exchange and the role of the mass media have been tied together to promote the financial literacy and media literacy of the people to improve the economy of the country. The coherence and efficiency of the stock exchange requires smart and well-informed investors to be educated, informed, trusted, pervasive, transparent, preventing deviations, and accessible via national media. As UNESCO's definition of literacy also has media and financial dimensions. Therefore, in this research, the interaction between the Stock Exchange Organization and the IRIB Organization was studied and TV capacities were identified for developing investment in Stock Exchange by Delphi. This research was carried out with qualitative method and semi-structured interviews with 30 senior executives of IRIB and directors of stock brokers. The result of the theory shows that the main phenomenon of such an interactive is this title "event oriented, representation and analysis role of TV", Influenced by variables such as the political factors governing TV, competitive mindset of TV networks, audience trust, responsibility of the authorities in the language of the media, Attract and persuade the maximum audience to explain the financial literacy and investment development in the stock exchange.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Analysis of the role of tourism policies in promoting the position of diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the geopolitical territory of Shamat
mahdie darvishi alireza estelaji simin armaghan

Background and Objective: Currently, Iran has not been very successful in exploiting this advantage due to various reasons due to the great potential of tourism development. The type of attitude towards tourism, inappropriate tourism policies, negative advertisements of More

Background and Objective: Currently, Iran has not been very successful in exploiting this advantage due to various reasons due to the great potential of tourism development. The type of attitude towards tourism, inappropriate tourism policies, negative advertisements of Iran's enemies, and lack of attention to tourism welfare services are among the main obstacles to the lack of tourism development, and in this research, one of these factors is the role of tourism policies in Iran. Iran's place in the geopolitical territory of Shamat has been analyzed in promoting the position of diplomacy. Material and Methodology: This research was conducted with a descriptive-analytical and applied (practical) method of exploratory research. The statistical population of the research consists of all experts in the fields of tourism and geopolitics, whose sample size was estimated to be 35 people based on Cochran's model. Findings: The present research using mean test, binomial test and Pearson's correlation coefficient in spss software to evaluate the variables of the success rate of tourism in the Islamic Republic of Iran, evaluate the tourism policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the relationship between tourism policy and the success rate of tourism diplomacy. The Islamic Republic of Iran is in the geopolitical territory of Shamat. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that tourism policies in Iran have a very weak relationship with structural and agency factors, tourism policies have no relationship with process factors, and these policies have an average relationship with contextual factors. Manuscript profile

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30 - Adaptation of Legal Concepts in Kelileh va Demneh and Golestan Saadi with the Provisions of the Laws of the Legal System of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Nahid Azizi

Law in literature is a mirror of the extent to which literature is influenced by the rights of society; Such as the ruling power of society or legal relations between people and the way in which literature talks about law, justice and various legal issues. The present s More

Law in literature is a mirror of the extent to which literature is influenced by the rights of society; Such as the ruling power of society or legal relations between people and the way in which literature talks about law, justice and various legal issues. The present study has examined the process of reflecting legal concepts in the texts of "Kelileh va Demneh" and "Golestan" by descriptive-analytical method and relying on library sources. The concepts extracted in the researched works are mostly expressed in the form of allegories such as the principle of personality of the crime, proportionality of the crime and retribution, murder, theft, bribery, testimony, amnesty, oath, retribution, punishment and its types. The judge, as the main pillar of the judicial system, must be religious, just, knowledgeable, provident and anti-bribery. Comparative results show that most of the extracted concepts, in addition to conforming to the materials of the contemporary legal system, still have their own application today Manuscript profile

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31 - Advantages and disadvantages of passive defense policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohammad Taghi Roostaei رضا دلاوری

Defend against danger, has a history of the height of human history. Today, despite various threats, achieve reliable and efficient defense strategies in the field of national security to become one of the most important goals is at risk countries. Islamic Republic of I More

Defend against danger, has a history of the height of human history. Today, despite various threats, achieve reliable and efficient defense strategies in the field of national security to become one of the most important goals is at risk countries. Islamic Republic of Iran is faced with a variety of internal and external threats, In addition to operating defense, also special considerations to dimension passive defense. The interesting point in this area is the effects of passive defense and deficiencies in the way of its implementation in Iran. So, this research's question is: the most important advantages and disadvantages of passive defense in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The study carried out a descriptive study using library and internet resources, we can say aggressive military cost overruns and reduce or prevent damage to Iran and thus strengthen deterrence force philanthropic as the most important benefits is the development and implementation of passive defense and as well as the lack of a long-term strategy for the implementation of passive defense and lack of financial resource and equipment to enemies in Iran as the most important failures of the project is known. Manuscript profile

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32 - Analysis of the takfiris identity and their approach to the Islamic Republic of Iran
tohid afzali mohammad taher afzali

Owing to changes and developments happened globally in the late 20th century and changes in policy-makings, technologies and disintegration of Marxism made, the Islamic Movements experienced changes and developments too. Some Islamic movements of the past underwent chan More

Owing to changes and developments happened globally in the late 20th century and changes in policy-makings, technologies and disintegration of Marxism made, the Islamic Movements experienced changes and developments too. Some Islamic movements of the past underwent changes in areas like mechanisms, behavioral methods and models or there emerged modern movements in the world that are called neo-fundamentalism and Salafi movements. In the meantime, the genuine Islamic movements which were resuscitated in challenging western anti-values and modernism and in contrast, the Takfiri and Salafi movements which are burgeoning in modern times aggravate Islam-o-phobia and anti-Islamism and consciously present a grim-like and unreal image of the conspicuous religion of Islam and Muslims should be distinguished. Rise and emergence of terrorist and Salafist movements in the Mideast in organic overlapping with vast and powerful circuits has mobilized all of its ideological capacities for controlling and weakening the ideological and geological situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Increasing intervention and operations of Salafi jihadists in the region reveals identity theories and their approaches to the Islamic Republic of Iran.         Manuscript profile

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33 - An Analysis of the Effect of Challenges and Conflicts Related to the Syrian Crisis on the National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Muhammad Ebrahimi Ali Mohseni Abbas Barjoee fard

10.22034/sej.2023.1964977.1490

The purpose of the present study is to review challenges and conflicts related to the Syrian crisis on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytic and it was conducted using library sources and inferential and docu More

The purpose of the present study is to review challenges and conflicts related to the Syrian crisis on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytic and it was conducted using library sources and inferential and documentary approaches. The results convey that challenges and disputes related to the Syrian crisis have aspects more than just political disagreements or ethnic, identity, and religious challenges. They are rooted in the negative interference and competition of regional and super-regional powers to gain more penetration in the Middle East. The consequences of this process on the Islamic Republic of Iran include: threatening military, political, social, and economic security which creates serious challenges for the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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34 - The Impact of the European Jewish Congress on the Relationship between Iran and the European Union
Zahra Alvandi Mahdi Zakerianamiri Seyedabdolali Ghavam Hamid Ahmadi

10.22034/sej.2022.1949591.1420

The purpose of the present study is to review the impact of the European Jewish Congress (EJC) on the Relationship between Iran and the European Union (EU). The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the EJC by its penetration into the Europ More

The purpose of the present study is to review the impact of the European Jewish Congress (EJC) on the Relationship between Iran and the European Union (EU). The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the EJC by its penetration into the European parliament have been influential through abusing disputes between Iran and the EU to achieve its goals and deteriorate bilateral ties between two countries. The EJC as one of the most important institutions of the Israel lobby in Brussel has had the most influence on Iran-EU relations. This congress could fulfill its political and strategic objectives by the strategy of negative propaganda and highlighting Iran’s threat. Moreover, the EJC has been influential on decreasing bilateral ties between Iran and the EU by increasing heavy sanctions, restrictive measures, high-ranking European officials’ avoidance of travelling to Iran, and the critical tone of Europe in its resolution and statement against Iran’s policies. Manuscript profile

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35 - The Process of Globalization and the Necessity to Adopt a Inclusive Approach to Iran’s National Identity by the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Government
Majid Abbaszadeh Marzbali Hossein Rafie

10.22034/sej.2021.1906900.1258

< p >The purpose of the present study is to explore the impact of the process of globalization on the transformation of the attitudes of Iranians to national identity and thereby presenting an appropriate identity model in policymaking in order to protect national More

< p >The purpose of the present study is to explore the impact of the process of globalization on the transformation of the attitudes of Iranians to national identity and thereby presenting an appropriate identity model in policymaking in order to protect national identity. Accordingly, the main research question is that with regard to the identity effects of globalization in Iran, which approach can be adopted by the Islamic Republic of Iran to maintain national identity. This research relies on the hypothesis that with respect to the effects of globalization on the identity perspectives in Iran, the Iranian government can adopt an inclusive approach to national identity and simultaneously emphasize on 3 tenets of being Iranian, Islamic, and modern in order to reinforce and encourage the tendency of the majority of society to Iranian national identity and protect that. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the research results show that due to the penetration of globalization into Iran and the spread of cyberspace (as a means of globalization), the outlook of Iranian society on the principles of Iran’s national identity has been transformed. As a result of this situation, the bonding between people and their former principles as being Iranian and Muslim has weakened and instead, their tendency to the principles of modernity is reinforced. If a suitable approach is not adopted to this issue by the Islamic Republic of Iran, it can lead to the deterioration of national identity. For the sake of maintaining Iran’s national identity, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran should simultaneously pay attention to all tenets of identity. Manuscript profile

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36 - The Transformation of National Security Discourses in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Davood Dakhshaei Mohsen Gholipour

10.22034/sej.2020.1909581.1261

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the transformation of national security discourses in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Using descriptive analysis, this research study aims to critically explore the existing theories in this regard and come up with a new More

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the transformation of national security discourses in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Using descriptive analysis, this research study aims to critically explore the existing theories in this regard and come up with a new model to analyze the course of change in national security discourses in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, this perspective is emphasized that we have always witnessed the presence of two rival discourses in the realm of politics and among the elites such that the course of discourse change cannot be analyzed in a single developmental path. The two rival discourses have been classified by some into either traditional-modern or revolutionary-national. However, the analysis of them indicates that they can be regarded as either identity-oriented or development-oriented. In reality and practical form, development in the Islamic Republic of Iran has always been categorized within the arguments and measures of the two security discourses mentioned above so that it has led to opposite ideas and incongruous policy making to achieve long term security and developmental objectives in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Because of this, one of the main features of national security issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran is lack of common consensus among the elites on the concept of national security, security policies, threats, and vulnerabilities causing crisis at the time of two aforementioned discourses’ domination. Manuscript profile

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37 - An Investigation of the Relationship between the BRICS and Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Arezoo Kheradmandan Bahram Yousefi Roohollah Shahabi Shiva Jalalpoor

10.22034/sej.2020.1915033.1273

The purpose of the present study is to explain the relationship between the BRICS members and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research relies on the hypothesis that the relation between BRICS and the Islamic Republic of Iran is defined within the framework of foreign More

The purpose of the present study is to explain the relationship between the BRICS members and the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research relies on the hypothesis that the relation between BRICS and the Islamic Republic of Iran is defined within the framework of foreign relations between Iran and the BRICS nations. The method of study is descriptive analysis and the results show that although the BRICS is against the U.S unilateralism, it does not seem to have sufficient resources or be able to moderate the effects of U.S sanctions against Iran as much as it is expected. Among the BRICS states, Russia indirectly benefits from the U.S sanctions against Iran as Iran’s failure to produce more natural gas as well as its financial and technological failures to complete energy projects in near future would lead to a regional and global market in favor of Russia and to the detriment of Iran. On the other hand, the BRICS members have long-term plans to prevent the U.S unilateralism while they have not cut their political-economic relations with the U.S and have not challenged the structure of the international system. According to the approach of constructivism, the leaders ought to observe the norms of international structure in order to gain more benefit for their country as the constructivists hold that the countries’ foreign policy and their close relations in the international level take a serious form in terms of their common approaches. It is evident that the BRICS members take this fact into account and thereby they would not get into an ideological fight with the U.S in the international arena. Therefore, the relations with the BRICS countries would have no extreme and ideal effect on the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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38 - A Comparative Study of the Components of Economic Development in the Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Malaysia
Mahmood Baharloo Majid Abbasi Garineh Keshishyan Siraki Ali Adami

10.22034/sej.2020.1916122.1278

The purpose of this study is to compare the government and economic development programs in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Malaysia. Understanding the pillars of power and government and its characteristics in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Malaysia, recognizing the More

The purpose of this study is to compare the government and economic development programs in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Malaysia. Understanding the pillars of power and government and its characteristics in the Islamic Republic of Iran and Malaysia, recognizing the similarities and differences between the factors of progress and development in Iran and Malaysia, understanding the Malaysian development model of Mahathir Mohammad and the Islamic Republic of Iran and providing appropriate strategies for further development and progress in the Republic Islamic Iran are of the other objectives of this research.The research method was analytical-comparative and the results showed that the Islamic Republic of Iran during Hashemi Rafsanjani (1989-1997) with the implementation of the first 5-year development plan and with the emphasis on open economic policy, mostly considered the economic development of the country, but less attention was paid to socio-cultural issues; and Seyyed Mohammad Khatami (2005-2007) while expanding relations with foreign countries, focused more on political development and strengthening of civil institutions inside the country. In both periods, the program was not implemented precisely and parts of it were implemented in accordance with the discourse of governments.But Malaysia during the reign of Mahathir Mohamad succeeded in pursuing its economic growth and development in the best possible way due to: first, following Japan and South Korea models and relying on the policy of having an attitude to the East, and second, creating a legitimate bureaucratic power and a fully developed government, which is measured by the credibility of political experts and scholars. Third, with precise planning and commitment to the program, and fourth, developing relations with neighboring countries and major powers such as the United States to attract foreign investment.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - Analyzing the Role of Ayatollah Khamenei as the Nodal Point of the Islamic Republic System
Arash Monshizadegan Ali Asghar Davoudi saeed gazerani

10.22034/sej.2022.1943487.1392

The present study aims to examine the position of the Supreme Leader in the structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of a nodal point. The research method is descriptive-analytical and is based on the hypothesis that leadership, as the main factor More

The present study aims to examine the position of the Supreme Leader in the structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of a nodal point. The research method is descriptive-analytical and is based on the hypothesis that leadership, as the main factor preserving the identity and unity of the nation, plays the role of the nodal point in the existing political structure. Ayatollah Khamenei, as the leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, has a significant role in guiding the nation, regulating the relationships among the branches of government, and managing crises. In his capacity as a leader, with legal and supra-institutional authority, he has performed vital functions during the Islamic system's passage through crises over the past three decades. Considering the importance of the nodal point in creating a sense of integration that is identity-forming and identity-preserving, it appears that the leadership acts as a kind of junction, organizing a vast number of floating signifiers, that is, a multitude of ideological elements within a unified domain. Additionally, the Supreme Leader, in fulfilling the role of the nodal point and executing specific functions, has played a unique role in the political system of the Islamic Republic, creating synergy and unity of action among the branches of government and officials, and thereby contributing to stability, security, and progress. Manuscript profile

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40 - An Analysis of the Effective Social Policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran to Maintain Social Capital in the Province of Khouzestan
Abdolamir Ozariani Hassan Kheiri Hossein Ajdarizadeh

10.22034/sej.2021.1926056.1316

The purpose of the present study is to analyze effective social policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran to maintain capital in the province of Khouzestan. This research has been conducted by a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. Data collection instrument was a ques More

The purpose of the present study is to analyze effective social policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran to maintain capital in the province of Khouzestan. This research has been conducted by a mixed qualitative-quantitative method. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire and the statistical population included the citizens in the province of Khouzestan. The sample was calculated to be 384 people by Cochran formula. The data was analyzed using statistical RISELL software. The results revealed that all social policies in the Islamic Republic of Iran under investigation in this research are effective on maintaining capital in the province of Khouzestan and that there is a significant relationship between those policies and sustaining social capital in the province of Khouzestan. Emphasizing on the rule of law, justice and equality, expansion of human resources, educational justice, removing educational inequality, removing economic discrimination, and administrative corruption, the social policies of the government facilitate the ground for the sustenance of social capital in aspects of social integrity, social trust, and political cooperation. Manuscript profile

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41 - An Analysis of the Foreign Policy Strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia in the Middle East Using SWOT Model
Ibrahim Eram Amin Ravan Bod Ghafar Zarei

10.22034/sej.2021.1923596.1302

The purpose of the present study is to review the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia's foreign policy in the Middle East to find an optimal strategy for the Islamic Republic of Iran in front of Saudi Arabia. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the SWO More

The purpose of the present study is to review the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia's foreign policy in the Middle East to find an optimal strategy for the Islamic Republic of Iran in front of Saudi Arabia. The method of study is descriptive-analytic and the SWOT model was used for the analysis of the foreign policy strategies of the two countries. The results showed that a mixture of constructive interaction and controlling policies can be the optimal strategy for the Islamic Republic of Iran in front of Saudi Arabia in the current condition. Following the biphasic policy of constructive interaction and control in relation with Saudi Arabia requires emphasis on cooperation between two countries in fighting against Islamophobia, providing the security of the Persian Gulf, and maintenance of the environment; however, the contemporary acceptance of the opposite party should not be regarded as a defeat. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Changing Scenarios in the International System and Their Effects on Iran’s Acting
Hadiseh Koliaee Amin Ravanbod AliMohammad Haghighi

10.22034/sej.2023.1972947.1518

The purpose of the present study is to identify likely structures for the future international system and to understand their effectiveness on Iran’s opportunities and limitations. The methodology of the present research is qualitative that has used a futurologist More

The purpose of the present study is to identify likely structures for the future international system and to understand their effectiveness on Iran’s opportunities and limitations. The methodology of the present research is qualitative that has used a futurologist scenario to identify likely structures of the international system. The main research question is: what are scenarios that can change the international system and what will be their consequences and effects on Iran’s relations and acting? The research results show that the occurrence of the scenario of a multipolar international system is more likely than a bipolar or unipolar one. In each scenario, countries have 3 general options: companionship including union or following, competition including creating balance, tolerating the challengers, and adopting an opposition policy towards the existing pole or poles in the world. The scenario of a multipolar world will bring the most capabilities and opportunities for Iran while the unipolar scenario led by the U.S will increase Iran’s limitations. On the other hand, the bipolar scenario compared to the unipolar one led by the U.S enhances Iran’s opportunities. Iran’s membership in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization will assist Iran to create more opportunities to meet its national interests through the bipolar scenario revolving around the U.S and China. Manuscript profile

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43 - Political Assessment of the Strategic Approach and Positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran Regarding the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Navid Nozaeem Seyyed Baqir Mirabbasi Mareyam Moradi Sohail Sohaili Najafabadi

The objective of this research is to politically assess the strategic approach and positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran concerning the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the findings indicate that the mutual More

The objective of this research is to politically assess the strategic approach and positions of the Islamic Republic of Iran concerning the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the findings indicate that the mutual interests of Iran and the two major powers within the SCO, Russia, and China, in preventing American influence in Southwest Asia, particularly Central Asia, have brought them closer together within the framework of bilateral relations and also within the SCO. To counter American hegemony at the regional level and ensure its national interests against the security threats posed by the United States, the Islamic Republic of Iran has taken steps towards permanent membership in the SCO. Permanent membership in the SCO has provided structural opportunities for Iran, which, on one hand, can create a balance against American hegemony in the region with the support of the powers within this structure, and on the other hand, enhances Iran's political and security status in Central Asian equations and Middle Eastern developments. Therefore, with the aforementioned high capacities in the Middle East region, Iran has the necessary strategic capability to become a regional power. Manuscript profile

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44 - A Study of Challenges and Strategies for Informed Political Participation in the Election System of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohammad Arianpour Morteza Abazari Khalil Bahrami Qasr Chemi

10.22034/sej.2022.1945240.1399

The purpose of the present study is to review challenges and strategies for informed political participation in the election system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and it relies on the hypothesis that the election system in I More

The purpose of the present study is to review challenges and strategies for informed political participation in the election system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and it relies on the hypothesis that the election system in Iran, in the lack of political parties, is often under the influence of cultural, ethnic, and religious fads and is finally conducted without awareness and in a massive and wide spread way. Some of the proposed strategies in this article include the necessity of referring to other institutions and gatherings such as shopkeepers, mosques, journals, and mass media which can somehow perform special functions of parties like giving information, enhancing political perception, decreasing fads, and removing political indifference among people. The results indicate that as for voters, political participation in Iran faces predicaments such as nativism, ethnocentrism, lack of information, and unawareness. The predicaments related to candidates involve the high number of volunteers, dishonesty in speech, and injustice in campaign procedure. Manuscript profile

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45 - A Study of the Soft Power Role of Sport Diplomacy in the Success of the Foreign Policy Objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohammad Bidgoli

10.22034/sej.2023.1990902.1550

The purpose of the present research is to study the soft power role of sport diplomacy in the success of the foreign policy objectives in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research relies on the hypothesis that sport diplomacy improves foreign policy strategies and obje More

The purpose of the present research is to study the soft power role of sport diplomacy in the success of the foreign policy objectives in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research relies on the hypothesis that sport diplomacy improves foreign policy strategies and objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results indicate that constructive cooperation between executive organizations in the country and using the potential of international sport by them can improve the existing situation and as a result we would be optimist to the betterment of Iran’s sport diplomacy. Islamic Republic of Iran due to having the potential capacity of sport can form its athletic diplomacy and apply it as an efficient means to improve international decency, Islamic Republic of Iran’s soft power, collaboration in regional peace and security, positive impact, attraction of public thoughts, removal of disputes, and international peace in the world. It is recommended that sport management takes place in a strategic field. It means that a 16 to 20-year-old plan and policy be compiled to be as a practical guide for the senior sport managers in the country. Therefore, personal taste and individualism would be avoided in the sport management and the country would be guided toward excellent purposes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Security Challenges Arising from Globalization in the Middle East and Their Impact on the Foreign Policy Strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia
Fazel Hassanzadeh Amin Ravanbod Ghafar Zarei

10.22034/sej.2024.1998385.1563

In the past few years, we have seen developments in the Middle East region. The Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia are two important and influential countries in the Persian Gulf and the Middle East. During the last four decades after the Islamic Revolution, Saud More

In the past few years, we have seen developments in the Middle East region. The Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia are two important and influential countries in the Persian Gulf and the Middle East. During the last four decades after the Islamic Revolution, Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran have undergone many changes in their relations. The purpose of this research is to investigate the security challenges caused by globalization in the Middle East and its impact on the adoption of foreign policy strategies of the two countries. Was. The method used in this research is the descriptive-analytical method. In this method, the analysis of information is based on the historical review of the events related to the subject, as well as the data based on the analysis of details in the overall structure, and the foreign policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia are identified using reliable sources. The results of the research showed that Saudi Arabia seeks to improve its regional position against the Islamic Republic of Iran, and with this goal, it has entered into regional crises, and in this regard, the policies adopted by the two regimes have caused divergence and divisive tensions in regional level, the result of which has been nothing but the rise and spread of terrorists in the region, the presence of western countries under the pretext of fighting it, and the overall decrease in the security of the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - The Meaning of Council in the Iranian Experience
Mansour  Mirahmadi

The concept of the council, an Islamic instruction along with the other religious instructions, enjoys appropriate conceptual and theoretical potential which are along&nb More

The concept of the council, an Islamic instruction along with the other religious instructions, enjoys appropriate conceptual and theoretical potential which are along the discussion of the religious democracy. Although in the religious texts the concept of the council has been in the center of the attention and theories of the Muslim scholars for a long time, the Iranians thinkers revisited it in their reflections once again  through  the  Iranians’  acquaintance  with  the  modernity  and such concepts as the parliament, election, voting and representation. This theoretical attempt formed for the first time in the period of constitutionalism. Also in the experience of the Islamic republic, the theoretical participation of the people extended from the level of decision making and law making to the level of developing systems and structures; practically as well, the necessary mechanisms were provided for the realization of a consultative life at the general and specialized  levels.  This  experience,  along  the  way  of  the  religious democracy, has taken effective steps. The present article is the study of  the  Iranian  experience  of  the  council,  especially  in  the  Islamic republic regime.To this end, the position of the concept of the council in  the  religious  texts,  the  first  consultative  life  experience  in  the period of constitutionalism, and the Iranian experience of the council in the Islamic republic will be studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Discourse of the Islamic Revolution and drawing an alternative model for the government
Ataollah Afsordeh Shiva Jalalpoor Hamed Ameri Golestani Hamed Mohagheghnia

10.22034/sej.2019.667452

The Islamic Republic of Iran, as a new government, has complexities, and it is important to understand and understand these complexities and the relationship between "Jihadist political Islam" and "Republicanism". It is also important to gain this understanding in order More

The Islamic Republic of Iran, as a new government, has complexities, and it is important to understand and understand these complexities and the relationship between "Jihadist political Islam" and "Republicanism". It is also important to gain this understanding in order to better understand the functioning of the Islamic Republic of Iran and to understand these complexities these principles must be recognized and their origin properly understood. Accordingly, the main purpose of this article is to understand the basic foundations of government in the Islamic Republic of Iran. This article analyzes the foundation of the government in the Islamic Republic based on the method of Laclau and Mouffe's discourse and examines it in the form of alternative discourse for other competing discourses. Accordingly, the central sign of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution is "Jihadist political Islam" which is manifested by the establishment of the Islamic Republic in the jurisprudence of the province. The government in the Islamic Republic of Iran has drawn a paradigm shift from all previous models. This was due to the development of the discourse following the Islamic Revolution and the centralization of the Velayat-e Faqih. Therefore, it should be borne in mind that the political system based on the jurisprudence of the jurisprudence is an alternative to all its earlier discourse patterns and those of its rival discourses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Legal-Jurisprudent Principles of Membership and Partnership of Citizens in the Islamic Republic of Iran
رضا عیسی نیا

The author of article has tried to clarify on a subject-based method two features of citizenship features that is membership and partnership by presenting sources and Shiite legal-jurisprudent principles and by arranging its inclusions. Therefore, author has drawn this More

The author of article has tried to clarify on a subject-based method two features of citizenship features that is membership and partnership by presenting sources and Shiite legal-jurisprudent principles and by arranging its inclusions. Therefore, author has drawn this conclusion that membership is meant based on two bases of acquired nationality and subjected nationality because in the former, resolve, belief and faith remain as foundations meaning that every individual can embrace Islamic nationality by accepting Islamic ideology and receive membership in the Islamic community through a voluntary pledge (faith). In subjected nationality, people who want to co-live with Muslim citizens without having Islamic belief are allowed to take part in the Islamic community under circumstances and conditions (faith). Besides, conclusion drawn is that citizens are not restricted in participation, but they have limitations in right of partnership in political administration or right of being elected in political occupations (or partnering) and they cannot participate to occupy offices of nation’s political management only because they are citizens. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - A Contemplative Look at Defense and Foreign Policy of Islamic Republic of Iran in the Eyes of Imam Khomeini (ra)
مهدی جاودانی مقدم

Undoubtedly, speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra) is regarded as one of the conceptual principles of defense and foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran. This, on one hand, is affected by unique status of Imam (ra) as founder of Islamic Revolution and on the other hand More

Undoubtedly, speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra) is regarded as one of the conceptual principles of defense and foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran. This, on one hand, is affected by unique status of Imam (ra) as founder of Islamic Revolution and on the other hand, these speculations affect the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran and political action of its defense and political agents. Based on this, this article by realizing important recognition of speculative principles of Imam’s vision in the area of Iran’s Islamic Republic defense and foreign policy has tried to respond to this question that what are the most important elements effective on defense and foreign policy of Islamic Republic of Iran in the eyes of Imam Khomeini (ra). Findings of this research obtained through analytic-descriptive method show that elements of discourse like the state-religion link, principle of invitation, rule of Nafy-e-Sabil (Rejecting the path), principle of friendship and immunity, separation of Dar Al-Islam and Dar Al-Kufr, safeguarding interests of the Islamic state and proximity of hearts are joined together based on speculations of Imam Khomeini (ra); principles, objectives and Iranian national interests such as maintaining the regime, neither the east nor the west, active idealism, revolution export, ummah building, diplomacy of jihad, democratically deterring strategy and…have been shaped within the realm of defense and foreign policy.  Manuscript profile

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51 - US-EU Divergent and Convergent Relations in Important Matters of the Globe
مجتبی محمدی نودهکی ابراهیم متقی محمدرضا اصغری

It seems necessary to recognize stands and functions of US and EU as to their role-plays as two major effective actors in international order. Some of the important international issues such as terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, Middle East peace process and partic More

It seems necessary to recognize stands and functions of US and EU as to their role-plays as two major effective actors in international order. Some of the important international issues such as terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, Middle East peace process and particularly Iran and our country’s nuclear program have found considerable amount of capacities of US-EU foreign policy and diplomacy. Both powers try to pursue in their own specific way their interests and benefits in dealing with important matters of the world. In different times, this differential method has led to differences between both powers in global issues which if not scientifically checked shall be mistaken at the surface level or deeply and in the way of approaching them. Therefore, recognizing new and old areas of differences and their causes seems necessary so that the level and scope of these differences at different times might be learned by looking into these cases and a more realistic recognition can be reached. In this way, the effective potential of each of the two powers is understood considering their tools and facilities in international issues. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Analysis of the influential social policies of the Islamic Republic System of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan province
Abdolamir Ezareyani Hasan Kheiri Hossein Ajdarizadeh

The aim of this study was to analyze the effective social policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan province. The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population included all citizens of Khuzestan province. Us More

The aim of this study was to analyze the effective social policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan province. The research method was descriptive survey. The statistical population included all citizens of Khuzestan province. Using multi-stage random cluster sampling method,384 people were selected as a statistical sample for the study. The indicators of social capital were trust, participation, and social cohesion. To achieve this goal, the views of Putnam, Coleman, and Fukuyama were used, and the survey method (using questionnaire tools (and documentation) using books and articles was used. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed during the research process. The research data were collected based on research questions and analyzed using exploratory factor analysis. The research findings showed that social policies such as rule of law, justice and equality, human capital development, education justice and elimination of inequality Education, elimination of economic discrimination and elimination of corruption have a positive and significant effect on maintaining social capital in the dimensions of political participation, social cohesion and social trust, so it is possible to pay more attention to the policies identified in this study. Maintaining social capital at the community level has taken effectives steps.                                                                                                                                                                         Manuscript profile

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53 - Investigate the effect of Good Governor on Developing of Entrepreneurship in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
Hadi Abolfathi

The aim of the current applied, Investigate the effect of Good Governor on Developing of Entrepreneurship in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran. The research population comprised 350000 students in in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran in Tehran out of More

The aim of the current applied, Investigate the effect of Good Governor on Developing of Entrepreneurship in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran. The research population comprised 350000 students in in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran in Tehran out of whom a sample 384 was randomly selected, based on Morgan Table, to participate in the study. The research data were collected using a researcher-made five-point level Likert scale questionnaire comprising 3 factors and 44 items tapping the participants’ responses were. Therefore, 400 questionnaires were distributed among members of the target population. Having distributed and collected the questionnaires, we analyzed descriptively and inferentially. Descriptively, features like absolute and relative frequency, mean, standard deviation and variance of background and main variables were estimated. Inferentially, correlational tests, multiple regression and spirman used indicated that Good Governor had a significant effect on Developing of Entrepreneurship in the Government of Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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54 - Examining the Role of Good Governance Components in the Political System of the Islamic Republic of Iran with an Emphasis on Urban Development
abdollah pirozi

According to the characteristics of good governance, scientists and thinkers have introduced the formation of the good governance model as a new method for the sustainable development of society. One of the reasons for dealing with good governance is its role in the eff More

According to the characteristics of good governance, scientists and thinkers have introduced the formation of the good governance model as a new method for the sustainable development of society. One of the reasons for dealing with good governance is its role in the efficiency of governments. In the meantime, cities and urban policies have a special place. Considering the importance of the subject, the current research also seeks to provide a definition of this concept, express its indicators and components, and investigate the role of good governance in the Islamic Republic of Iran with an emphasis on urban development. The main research question is “What are the themes of good urban governance in the development programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In this research, which is written in a descriptive analytical way in the existing development programs in the Islamic Republic of Iran, we can find aspects of justice-oriented, facilitating, participation, increasing efficiency, empowerment of citizens, assurance of local government communications, and improvement of local capacity. Manuscript profile

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55 - "Sovereignty Gap" in the Islamic Republic of Iran and its reflection in its regional policies
Ashraf Kargar Ghomiha Mohammad Rahim Eyvazi Majid Tavassoli Roknabadi Ali Ashraf Nazari

The governance gap is one of the most important political damages that can occur in a political system. These gaps arise due to the lack of a general agreement on the sources of power and how to distribute it, and arise from the inability of the political elites to prov More

The governance gap is one of the most important political damages that can occur in a political system. These gaps arise due to the lack of a general agreement on the sources of power and how to distribute it, and arise from the inability of the political elites to provide a correct understanding of these issues. Therefore, when a military is faced with this injury, it suffers major problems in various fields, both domestic and foreign. In the Islamic Republic, in spite of the over-discourse of the Islamic Revolution for relatively long years, there has been no consensus among the political elites in various fields or it has been very weak, and this has led to the creation of various sub-discourses. These sub-discourses in conflict with each other have blocked the way to the correct policy making and have caused confusion in domestic and foreign policies. The present article, with the discourse method, while referring to these sub-discourses, seeks to understand the results of this governance gap in Iran's policies in the region and the Islamic world with the hypothesis that: "The governance gap in the Islamic Republic of Iran causes a decrease in the influence of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region and This issue weakens the position of aligned Islamic countries and strengthens competitors." Manuscript profile

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56 - Basics of Social Prevention in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
laleh akefi امیر ایروانیان امیر پاکنهاد

Abstract Crime prevention is one of the main strategies in criminal policy which has been always paid attention for the purpose of controlling the criminal activity. The significance of this strategy is so considerable that the prevention of crime has been officially r More

Abstract Crime prevention is one of the main strategies in criminal policy which has been always paid attention for the purpose of controlling the criminal activity. The significance of this strategy is so considerable that the prevention of crime has been officially recognized beyond the Acts of Parliament i.e. constitutional law. Economic, social and cultural roots cause the emersion of the crime problem which the social prevention method seeks to identify and neutralize. This method is one of the best and most effective methods. Because fighting the cause is always better and more effective than fighting the effect. Social crime prevention is a strategy that in its current, simultaneously, with the recognition the basic social, economic and cultural rights of the citizen, prevention programs are enacted. The occurrence of prevention has requirements. Providing the basic rights such the right to engage in work, the right to adequate housing, the right to social security, the right to education and etc. are of these requirements. This article investigates the issue of social prevention of crime and its context in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran using descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile

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57 - A comparative and native study of the theory of social control of crime with Islamic principles with emphasis on the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
samira tajkhorasani Gholam Hossein Masoud mohsen shekarchizadeh

Desirable indigenous humanities for Iran are sciences and methods that are the product of scientific activities based on the culture, beliefs and needs of Iranian society and are aimed at solving the problems and problems of Iranian society. Therefore, the issues should More

Desirable indigenous humanities for Iran are sciences and methods that are the product of scientific activities based on the culture, beliefs and needs of Iranian society and are aimed at solving the problems and problems of Iranian society. Therefore, the issues should be designed locally or the ideas should be localized in a proper way and appropriate to the culture and religion of the country, so that the desired result can be obtained from them. The meaning of localizing the theory of social control of crime (Hirschi) is to benefit from the policies and measures derived from these theories in the field of crime prevention and control. The purpose of localization of this theory is to localize the theory, because the theory does not belong to one's own country and it was formed based on the problem of other countries and proceeded based on the belief and cultural foundations of that country and provided a solution, in this case it should be Let's give it a native appearance to be localized, but its essence will not change. As a result, in the localization of this theory, we should take the general frameworks and directions from Islam and place the spirit and essence of Islamic teachings as the core of human and social sciences. Manuscript profile

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58 - Analyzing the legal status of high officials in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America
hedieh sadat mirtorabi ehsan aghamohamadaghaee

Referring to the legal structure of official and legal authorities in political systems is a question that can be answered by reflecting on the philosophical-political thought of the separation of powers and also by analyzing the text of the constitution of political sy More

Referring to the legal structure of official and legal authorities in political systems is a question that can be answered by reflecting on the philosophical-political thought of the separation of powers and also by analyzing the text of the constitution of political systems. In the American presidential system, the president is considered as the embodiment of unity and has a clear superiority over other heads of state. Also, extraordinary power has been given to the president in the following matters: implementing laws and monitoring their good implementation, directing the country's foreign policy and commanding the armed forces. This is despite the fact that in Iran's legal system, according to the requirements of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the position of leadership is the highest official and political position of the Constitution. In the meantime, the texture and structure of the constitution has been composed in such a way that it is not only limited to the cases mentioned in principles 110 and 112, but also any matter of public affairs, provided that it is within the framework of Islamic standards and is subject to public interest. be included in the aforementioned authority. Considering the political structure of the two legal systems of Iran and the United States, this article evaluates these two authorities through the lens of the Constitution. Manuscript profile

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59 - Providing a model for training efficient teachers in the style of the Islamic Republic
narges yahyaei Hamid reza Motamed Alireza Ghasemi Zad

10.30495/educ.2022.1916326.2578

In order to benefit from quality education, it is essential to have an effective teacher training model. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for efficient teacher training in the Islamic Republic. The research method is qualitative and data-based (grounded t More

In order to benefit from quality education, it is essential to have an effective teacher training model. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for efficient teacher training in the Islamic Republic. The research method is qualitative and data-based (grounded theory). The statistical population of the study was selected from the prominent professors of Farhangian University who were teaching in the academic year 2019-2020. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview and the number of samples in the study was 21 based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The duration of the interview was 30 to 45 minutes. Interview questions were prepared based on upstream documents and then used by Delphi method to be seen and considered by experts and content validity was confirmed with the help of experts. Kappa coefficient (the amount of agreement between the judges) was also used to measure its reliability. Reliability was achieved through reliability, transferability, dependency and reliability. The obtained coefficient was 0.87, which is psychologically acceptable coefficient. Concepts extracted from these interviews include 105 categories, 15 basic categories and three categories (expertise, commitment, transformation) that in three stages of open, central and selective coding in the form of a theoretical model, focusing on the main categories, causal conditions, contextual conditions, The conditions of the interventionist, strategies and consequences are reflected and led to the design of a model for teacher training in the Islamic Republic Manuscript profile

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60 - Analyzing peoples' role in Islamic Revolution of Iran in Chahrmahal and Bakhtiari province
mashaallah izadz Feizollah Boushasb Gousheh alireza abtahi

The main aim in the present article is studying the engagement role of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari revolutionary centers in forming of people's combats by focusing on the religious leaders' role in the success of Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is a historical research whi More

The main aim in the present article is studying the engagement role of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari revolutionary centers in forming of people's combats by focusing on the religious leaders' role in the success of Islamic Revolution of Iran. It is a historical research which uses library and field method in collecting relevant data. The current study introduces revolutionary centers and forums of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari in the combat years while explains the ways of forming peoples' movements and the function of fighting peoples by emphasizing religious leaders' role as the provice pioneers in revolutionary movements. The results indicates that the most important revolutionary centers in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari have been mosques, schools, universities, religious groups and house-held parties and meetings which acted to promote revolutionary ideas. Active revolutionary peoples such as religious leaders, teachers, sellers and women in these centers embarked upon promoting religious ideas and organizing fighters’ activities. They performed an effective roll in fulfillment of Islamic revolution by participating in protests, demonstrations and other combat actions. Religious leaders were the primary cores that promoted revolution values and caused unity among people. Manuscript profile

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61 - Components of Iranian identity in cultural soft power in the context of cultural globalization
farzaneh dashti mohammadrahim eivazi

The globalization of all aspects of human life, whether economic, political, cultural, social and surround And hence the number of countries with serious problems. World geographical boundaries role in decisions made and actions political, economic and cultural rights a More

The globalization of all aspects of human life, whether economic, political, cultural, social and surround And hence the number of countries with serious problems. World geographical boundaries role in decisions made and actions political, economic and cultural rights and interests of individuals and countries have reduced human beings, More in line with the common interests of all peoples and nations of the world is. The process of globalization had led to any change in Iranian society and has been effective. Therefore, the role of Iranian influence and political elite of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the country's macro-management system depends. In this regard has always been prowling the custodians of the country's macroeconomic policy convergence between global culture on the one hand, And preserving the rich Iranian-Islamic culture on the one hand, to the point of equilibrium and balance. With the belief that the rich and powerful identity and culture, including the culture that shaped the continuity and durability of different ethnic groups and to peacefully throughout history in different cultures has been dealing with, Easily in the face of globalization as project and process not only not assimilated but become more prosperous and flourishing. So should assume integration of culture with world culture consider and further knowledge of the capacities and capabilities of the Islamic Iranian culture and civilization in the present day and will have a significant role in dealing with it, Otherwise, to remove opportunities and will become a serious threat to national identity and security Manuscript profile

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62 - Components of Iranian identity in cultural soft power in the context of cultural globalization
فرزانه دشتی محمد رحیم عیوضی

Globalization is inevitable that in the course of their development all aspects of human life, whether economic, political, cultural and social surround And hence the number of countries with serious problems. World geographical boundaries role in decisions made and act More

Globalization is inevitable that in the course of their development all aspects of human life, whether economic, political, cultural and social surround And hence the number of countries with serious problems. World geographical boundaries role in decisions made and actions political, economic and cultural rights and interests of individuals and countries have reduced human beings, More in line with the common interests of all peoples and nations of the world is. The process of globalization had led to any change in Iranian society and has been effective. Therefore, the role of Iranian influence and political elite of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the country's macro-management system depends. In this regard has always been prowling the custodians of the country's macroeconomic policy convergence between global culture on the one hand, And preserving the rich Iranian-Islamic culture on the one hand, to the point of equilibrium and balance. With the belief that the rich and powerful identity and culture, including the culture that shaped the continuity and durability of different ethnic groups and to peacefully throughout history in different cultures has been dealing with, Easily in the face of globalization as project and process not only not assimilated but become more prosperous and flourishing. So should assume the interaction and integration of culture with world culture consider and further knowledge of the capacities and capabilities of the Islamic Iranian culture and civilization in the present day and will have a significant role in dealing with it, Otherwise, to remove opportunities and will become a serious threat to national identity and security.       Manuscript profile

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63 - The Impact of Soft Power on the National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran from the Perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei
karim abbasi samad ghaempanah hasan shamsinighyasvand seydasasdolah athari

The type and degree of threat of each country has a direct relationship with the goals and ideals of its government. The Islamic Republic of Iran as a government that relies on religious and religious values and ideals that relies on religious democracy and its most i More

The type and degree of threat of each country has a direct relationship with the goals and ideals of its government. The Islamic Republic of Iran as a government that relies on religious and religious values and ideals that relies on religious democracy and its most important goal is the realization of justice and the spread of the ideals of the Islamic Revolution throughout the world, a society with these ideals and goals always faces threats. One of the ways to examine the foundations of the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to study the speeches of Ayatollah Khamenei, who is in charge of the major policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, the main question is; What is the impact of soft power on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei?  Manuscript profile

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64 - The political and security approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the West Asian region
safar alirezaei Bashir Ismaili Gonharani Esmaeil shafiee Sarvestani

West Asia is undergoing major developments; several great revolutions have taken place in the region in the past few years, and on the other hand, war, terrorism, and the widespread involvement of international powers in it have severely challenged the independence and More

West Asia is undergoing major developments; several great revolutions have taken place in the region in the past few years, and on the other hand, war, terrorism, and the widespread involvement of international powers in it have severely challenged the independence and territorial integrity of the region and West Asia in full swing. Be inflammatory. The purpose of this article is to examine the political and security approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the crisis in the West Asian region. This article has studied this issue by collecting data through library study and citation. The purpose of national security policies is to protect the national interest, the status quo, the survival of the country and the like. The results show that in order to succeed in its international interactions in the West Asian region, both in the field of defense and in the field of foreign policy. Manuscript profile

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65 - Islamic Republic and Social Capital
Ali Akbar TAROMI afshin zargar Hoseinali Nowzari

The Islamic Revolution of Iran became bedrock of formation of the Islamic Republic due to its leaders’ goals that includes concepts such as trust, participation and norm, which are considered as the main indicators of social capital. Actually, it is the goal setti More

The Islamic Revolution of Iran became bedrock of formation of the Islamic Republic due to its leaders’ goals that includes concepts such as trust, participation and norm, which are considered as the main indicators of social capital. Actually, it is the goal setting of the leaders, based on using the existing social capital towards themselves, against the Pahlavi government. The question is, what is the position of social capital in the Islamic Republic of Iran? And what is the benefit of it in the direction of goals? Findings show that despite the fundamental role of social capital in the victory of the Islamic Revolution and the establishment of the system, social capital and its indicators has been associated with instability in use. In fact, reviewing the necessity of social capital in planning affairs as a reliable support is inevitable. Accordingly, we will examine the issue by the analytical-explanatory method Manuscript profile

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66 - The effect of faculty mobilization on political elitism in the Islamic Republic of Iran (Case study: Shiraz universities)
Mohammad Karimian Ghaffar Zarei Ali Mohammad Haghighi

Mohammad Karimian,[1] Ghaffar Zarei,[2]*,Ali Mohammad Haghighi[3] Abstract:The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of faculty mobilization on political elitism in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was conducted as a survey among facu More

Mohammad Karimian,[1] Ghaffar Zarei,[2]*,Ali Mohammad Haghighi[3] Abstract:The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of faculty mobilization on political elitism in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was conducted as a survey among faculty mobilization in Shiraz universities.The statistical population, which included 314 males and 61 females, was a total of 375 people, which was done by using the questionnaire method and their distribution among the statistical population. Accordingly, the data collection tool is a questionnaire that to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the value of Cronbach's alpha coefficient is equal to 0.98. The main question is what effect has the mobilization of professors had on the political elite in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that the role of mobilization in transmitting political awareness, strengthening national identity, increasing national and religious self-confidence and provincialism,are effective components in It is the training of political elites.[1].PhD Student in Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran[2].Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran, Corresponding Author[3].Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lamerd, Iran Manuscript profile

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67 - Analysis of Turkish Foreign Policy and Its Security Threats for Islamic Republic of Iran (From 2002 to 2013)
niloofar Hamdi Hossein Ahmadi Saeid Mirtorabi

An important development was made in Turkish foreign policy after Justice and Development Party got into power. The question is "What pattern did govern the security relations of Turkish foreign policy from 2002 to 2013? What security threats will follow for Iran? Accor More

An important development was made in Turkish foreign policy after Justice and Development Party got into power. The question is "What pattern did govern the security relations of Turkish foreign policy from 2002 to 2013? What security threats will follow for Iran? According to the security studies in Copenhagen School, it will be supposed that Turkish foreign policy from 2002 to 2013 had the considerable modification in the field of security and reduced the volume of security relations in terms of military individually and foreign policy of Turkish mostly relied on the multiple security subjects including the economic, social and political issues. Turkey's relationship with the USA, participation in Israel and Azerbaijan coalition, unity with Arab countries opposing Iran, posed a threat to Iran's security in the political-military, economic, and social fields. The aim of this study is to investigate the various dimensions and security effects of Turkish foreign policy. Manuscript profile

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68 - The Impact of Islamic Fundamentalism on Iran-Pakistan Relations (1991-2020) Based on Constructivism Theory
Hassan Same Nasayeh Esmaeil shafiee Sarvestani Nafiseh Vaez

Hassan Same Nasayeh[1],Esmaeil shafiee Sarvestani,[2]*,Nafiseh Vaez[3]   Abstract: After independence as an Islamic country, Pakistan sought to use Islamic thought as an identifying factor. An important issue that can affect Iran-Pakistan rel More

Hassan Same Nasayeh[1],Esmaeil shafiee Sarvestani,[2]*,Nafiseh Vaez[3]   Abstract: After independence as an Islamic country, Pakistan sought to use Islamic thought as an identifying factor. An important issue that can affect Iran-Pakistan relations is fundamentalism in Pakistan. Based on structural theory, this article tries to examine the impact of Islamic fundamentalism in Pakistan on the relations between this country and Iran between 1991 and 2020. The main question is what effect has Islamic fundamentalism had on the relations between the two countries? The hypothesis that will be proven in this study is that the activities of fundamentalist political parties and currents are due to the contrast between the principles of Pakistani Sunni fundamentalism and the religious spirit of Shiite thought in Iran and the incitement of interventionist powers have become a powerful factor of divergence in Relations between the two countries have changed. In the present study, a descriptive-analytical method has been used. [1].PhD student in Political Science, Department of Political Science, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran [2].Assistant Professor of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding Author [3].Assistant Professor of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Shahreza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran Manuscript profile

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69 - Geopolitical Analysis of Pakistan-Iran Relations: with Emphasis on Threats
abolghasem ovaisikikha Ahmad Rahdar Yaser Kahrazeh

Pakistan has been one of the most unstable, crisis-ridden countries in the world since independence, but it has always had a special geopolitical and strategic importance during the Cold War and after the Cold War, especially after 9/11 and the United States has given P More

Pakistan has been one of the most unstable, crisis-ridden countries in the world since independence, but it has always had a special geopolitical and strategic importance during the Cold War and after the Cold War, especially after 9/11 and the United States has given Pakistan a prominent place in the fight against terrorism. Therefore, the main question of this study is what are the most important factors of tension and threat, based on geopolitical sovereignty in the relations between Iran and Pakistan. The research is descriptive-analytical. The required information has been collected by the library method and referring to reliable sources. Regarding to the answer of main question of the research, it is hypothesized that considering the internal situation of Pakistan and the unresolved problems of this country with its neighbors, it seems that Pakistan, despite the 987 km border with Iran, is threatening and a source of tension. Manuscript profile

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70 - Comparative evaluation of tribal nationalism and contract-based nationalism with the political identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shaban Moharamnezhad Asghar Partovi Abbas Moradi Abolfazl lotfizadeh

Shaban Moharamnezhad [1], Asghar Partovi,[2]*,Abbas Moradi [3], Abolfazl lotfizadeh[4]   Abstract: Nationalism is the awareness of membership or dependence on the nation, in other words, national consciousness, and this awareness often creates the passion and in More

Shaban Moharamnezhad [1], Asghar Partovi,[2]*,Abbas Moradi [3], Abolfazl lotfizadeh[4]   Abstract: Nationalism is the awareness of membership or dependence on the nation, in other words, national consciousness, and this awareness often creates the passion and interest of individuals in the constituent elements of the nation and sometimes leads to glorifying them and believing in the superiority of these manifestations over other national manifestations. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of two types of nationalism on the political identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method is based on its purpose and nature, libraries and documents and seeks to collect some historical documents and libraries to study tribal nationalism and civic nationalism. From the point of view of the thought, ideals and political identity of the Islamic Revolution, consider whether the policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the ethnic sphere is based on contract or tribalism? Iran is expanding further. [1]. PhD Student in Political Science, Iran Issues, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran [2]. Assistant Professor Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran, Corresponding Author [3]. Assistant Professor Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran [4] . Assistant Professor Department of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan Branch, Zanjan, Iran Manuscript profile

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71 - The Effects of US Economic Sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran
Hojjatullah Ghaedi Bardeh sohrab salahi Khairullah Parvin

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate US economic sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was done by descriptive-analytical method. The main research question is: What effect has the US economic sanctions had on the Islamic Republic of Ira More

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate US economic sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran, which was done by descriptive-analytical method. The main research question is: What effect has the US economic sanctions had on the Islamic Republic of Iran? The results show that the United States and the European Union have used cooperative mechanisms in the global system in the process of unilateral sanctions against Iran, and in this way, they have created conditions that changes in Iran's behavior patterns to transition from UN Security Council sanctions and unilateral US-EU sanctions are inevitable. However, some analysts on Iran-US issues believe that a comprehensive proposal for the lifting of economic sanctions against Iran is possible. The current realities of international politics indicate that the United States prefers to use tactical models, step-by-step methods, and strategic persuasion processes in dealing with Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - Legal Principles of Economic Decisions in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Ayoub Ahmadi Mohammad Sadeghi Babak Basri

  Ayoub Ahmadi[1] Mohammad Sadeghi[2] Babak Basri[3]   Abstract:   Legally, decisions have the validity and legitimacy of being legally well founded and substantiated. One of the decisions made by competent authorities in the community is economic More

  Ayoub Ahmadi[1] Mohammad Sadeghi[2] Babak Basri[3]   Abstract:   Legally, decisions have the validity and legitimacy of being legally well founded and substantiated. One of the decisions made by competent authorities in the community is economic decisions. In this research, we seek to answer the question: what is the legal basis of economic decisions in the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, those economic decisions have the validity and legitimacy that are made according to constitution. In this paper, through a library study with a descriptive-analytical approach, we sought to identify the constitutionally-based economics that is the legal backing of economic decision-making, and propose the country's economic decision-makers to advance their country's economic goals by making decisions on the basis of legal principles. [1] - PhD Student, Department of Public Law, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran [2]- Associate Professor and Faculty Member, Economic Law, Hormoz Studies and Research Center (Hormoz Research Institute), Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran, Corresponding Author [3] - Associate Professor and Faculty Member, Department of Public Law, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran Manuscript profile

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73 - Strategies for Maximizing the Deterrent Power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf Region
Mohamadjavad Rashidi Abu Mohammad Askarkhani Maryam Moradi

Deterrent power is one of the components of a country's defense power and strength. According to the different tools and strategies facing different countries, there are different procedures to increase deterrence. The purpose of this study is to investigate the strateg More

Deterrent power is one of the components of a country's defense power and strength. According to the different tools and strategies facing different countries, there are different procedures to increase deterrence. The purpose of this study is to investigate the strategies to maximize the deterrent power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf region. The research question is: What are the most important strategies to maximize the deterrent power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Persian Gulf region? The foundlings show the deterrent components of the Islamic Republic of Iran are based on the geopolitical and geostrategic conditions of Iran, the cultural and ideological dimensions of the Islamic Revolution, the withdrawal of great powers from the Persian Gulf, and Iran's support for groups aligned with ideological interests. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical which has dealt with the subject by collecting data from documents and library sources. Manuscript profile

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74 - Representation of a Conceptual Model and Drawing a Strategic Map for Entrepreneurial Organization through Fuzzy Multiple-Criteria Decision Making (FMCDM) Approaches
ali samaei Majid Ashrafi Roohallah samiei samereh Shojaei

the purpose of the present research is to represent the conceptual model and draw a strategic map for entrepreneurial organization in the Custom of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Present research is an analytical-descriptive study that is conducted in the three interrela More

the purpose of the present research is to represent the conceptual model and draw a strategic map for entrepreneurial organization in the Custom of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Present research is an analytical-descriptive study that is conducted in the three interrelated stages. In the first stage, the most important criteria and features of the entrepreneurial organization in the Custom of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been recognized and screened using fuzzy Delphi method. In the second stage, the relations among criteria are recognized using fuzzy DEMATEL method, and in the final stage, the features of entrepreneurial organization are ranked through interpretive structural modeling method. The statistical population of this study includes experts and administrators of the custom organization in Tehran province from which 28 persons were selected through judgmental-purposive sampling method. Research findings showed that 17 indices, among 48 explored indices, approved by experts. On the basis of Fuzzy DEMATEL test, it is revealed that 8 variables have causation role and 9 variables have effectuation role. On the other, the interpretive structural modeling approach showed that variables are categorized into six levels that in the meantime, the capital resources variable (structural, human, and interactional, …), as the infrastructural factors, have more power of influence in the Custom of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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75 - Comparative Study of Liberal Democracy with Religious Democracy in the Islamic Republic of Iran from the point of view of political sociology
Shahram Tahmasebi Mehrdad Javaheripour Reza Ali Mohseni

10.30495/jss.2019.667955

The purpose of this study is to compare the political system of the IRIwith the political system of liberal democracy in order to understand thetype of political model governing this country. The research method iscomparative and the technique of collecting information More

The purpose of this study is to compare the political system of the IRIwith the political system of liberal democracy in order to understand thetype of political model governing this country. The research method iscomparative and the technique of collecting information is documentary.At first, this article referred to the concept and principles of liberaldemocracy then these principles (1. The principle of people's sovereignty;2. Political equality; 3. Political freedom; 4. Universal monitoring; 5. Theauthenticity of the law) were compared to the Islamic Republic's politicalsystem. The results show that, the principles of liberal democracy have amajor difference with the system of the IRI, but this does not mean thatthe kind of political system ruling in Iran is not democratic, but despitesome authoritarian elements in the political structure of the IRI, in sumthis type of political system is a model based on the principles of thereligion of Islam and the Iranian tradition, that is a government that bythe will of the majority of people is bound to the principle of governingthe religion of Islam in the realities of the life of individuals and society. Manuscript profile

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76 - Studies of Islamic jurisprudence and Islamic system based on Islamic standards and the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
reza asghari davood ghasemi ali babaei mehr

10.3495/jiil.2023.1899492.1433

The study of the standards of the Islamic religion shows that it was not limited to the Prophet Khatam's mission and later; Rather, he presented a system from the beginning of Adam's life.The majority of Iranians changed the government to the Islamic Republic in support More

The study of the standards of the Islamic religion shows that it was not limited to the Prophet Khatam's mission and later; Rather, he presented a system from the beginning of Adam's life.The majority of Iranians changed the government to the Islamic Republic in support of the referendum of the Islamic Republic on 10/11/1358 AH and the ratification of the constitution adopted on 24/8/1358 AH. There have been discussions about reforming the system based on Islamic standards; some of the rules of jurisprudence are hidden or not enforced in the constitution, such as the place of Islamic medicine in systematization as a substitute for health and medical care under Directives 2301 /. 116, dated 9/2/1377 and 11415/13 dated 23/6/1377, prohibited physicians from performing cupping in the offices and led to a complaint against the Shari'ah and the constitution based on the 55th verse of the Holy Quran and the fifth principle of this law. نامه According to Letter No. 1647/21/80 dated 5/4/1380 Dear Secretary (Commentary dated 3/4/1380): The jurists of the Guardian Council: Mhhay banned bloodletting has pointed out that doing was illegal. "Circulars in judgments No. 118 dated 17/4/1380 General Board of Administrative Justice Court was falsified. In this paper, a descriptive-analytical method is used to measure the quantity and quality of people's and theocratic view of government. Manuscript profile

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77 - Legal Explanation of Security Control of the Strait of Hormuz in International Law
Mahdi Salehi

The legal status of the Strait of Hormuz, considered an international strait, is affected by the rights of international waterways. The security of Iran and the region are interdependent and the international law of the seas does not accept this, except in exceptional c More

The legal status of the Strait of Hormuz, considered an international strait, is affected by the rights of international waterways. The security of Iran and the region are interdependent and the international law of the seas does not accept this, except in exceptional cases during armed conflict and only through inspections of ships. Findings show that the issue of sovereignty over the seas surrounding their land has long been the focus of lawyers and politicians and various theories and doctrines have been put forward. The Strait of Hormuz is of particular security importance internationally and it is the most important shipping bottleneck in the world and the countries of the region and the world depend on it for exports and imports. The most important reason for its superiority over other straits is the strategic location of the Persian Gulf. That adds to the importance of the gorge as an area with the largest proven reserves of energy and the role of the Strait of Hormuz in this strategic region as a link between the Persian Gulf and the energy transmitter of this region to the world.The purpose is to identify the role of the Strait of Hormuz in securing the Islamic Republic of Iran. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytical and has been made available through the use of library documents and resources and the availability of books and articles.Key words: Strait of Hormuz - National Security - International Law - Persian Gulf - Islamic Republic of Iran Manuscript profile

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78 - Critical hermeneutics; A framework for analyzing detente in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
ALI KAVEH Alireza Rezaei

One of the methods of foreign policy analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to explain the central strategies on the basis of which many actions and reactions of foreign policy can be understood and examined. The strategy of detente in the foreign policy of the Isl More

One of the methods of foreign policy analysis of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to explain the central strategies on the basis of which many actions and reactions of foreign policy can be understood and examined. The strategy of detente in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1989 to 2005 and also from 2013 until now, is one of these strategies with different titles such as "interactive developmentalist" policy and "interaction-oriented moderation" as important. The most foreign policy strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in those periods is considered. Therefore, the way of recognizing and theoretically explaining this strategy can help us to understand Iran's foreign policy more than before. In this article, we seek to explain the concern that de-escalation in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran can be analyzed on the basis of what theoretical approach? Our findings suggest that the critical hermeneutic approach based on communicative action can be used as a useful theoretical framework for the study of detente in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this article, with descriptive-analytical method, de-tensioning in Iranian foreign policy based on critical hermeneutics focusing on topics such as communicative rationality and Habermas theory of communicative action, Hashemi Rafsanjani pragmatic discourse, Khatami discourse based on communicative rationality and ethics, discourse diplomacy , And the spiritual discourse of moderation and constructive interaction with the world, etc. are discussed in this article. Manuscript profile

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79 - The possibility of inferring the justice system as fairness from within the discourses of the Islamic Republic
afshin habibzadeh kolli Reza Akbari noori khodayar mortazavi asl

The concept of justice and the system based on it has always been one of the important topics of political thought and philosophy. John Rawls, one of the greatest contemporary political philosophers of the West, in his book Justice as Fairness, tries to explain in a pol More

The concept of justice and the system based on it has always been one of the important topics of political thought and philosophy. John Rawls, one of the greatest contemporary political philosophers of the West, in his book Justice as Fairness, tries to explain in a political understanding of justice, the necessities of realizing the greatest possible freedom and equality for the citizens of a democratic society.The main question is to what extent is it possible to infer the justice system as fairness according to Rawls from the discourses of the Islamic Republic? In this connection, one of the main topics is the discussion about the ratio of public interests and individual and group interests, because according to Rawls, the justice system is the institutionalized area of public interests, which is due to the institutions of the basic structure of society, which is also associated with the existence of the country or The existence of the nation-state is ongoing. In this regard, the opinions of Morteza Motahari and Abdullah Javadi Amoli, two well-known clerics, have been examined as the main conceptualizers of the analysis of the discourse of justice, from which the possibility of extracting a theory of justice close to justice as fairness can be calculated. The result is that Motahari's point of view is more capable of interpreting the justice system as fairness in the discourse of political Islam than Javadi Amoli's point of view. Manuscript profile

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80 - Personalist Government and Coup d’états in Contemporary Iran; Comparative study of 1299, 1332 & 1359 coup d’états
علیرضا سمیعی اصفهانی یونس خداپرست

In Weberian viewpoint personalist rule and its extreme version, sultanism, is a type of traditional authority which also according to the theorists of comparative politics and government of the 20th century, should be placed in the category of non-democratic regimes. Th More

In Weberian viewpoint personalist rule and its extreme version, sultanism, is a type of traditional authority which also according to the theorists of comparative politics and government of the 20th century, should be placed in the category of non-democratic regimes. These regimes are usually characterized by personalization of power, institutional weakness, political corruption, use of violence and coercive instruments and so on. In Iran, the first personalist government was Reza Shah’s absolutist state which was established as the result of 1299 coup d’état, after that, by relying on modern army, the foundation of a new dynasty was set up and the path was paved toward authoritarianism. Although this army tried to secure Pahlavi's dynasty by 1332 and 1359 coup d’état but this key institution in Pahlavi's presonalist state finally failed to rescue it from overthrow. The main purpose of this article is to answer this question and other similar ones. To do so, in comparative perspective and by using theoretical models of theorists like Janowitz, Huntington and especially A. S. Finer, we try to study three coup d’état in terms of leadership, ideology and the extent of soldier's intervention in politics and also the role of foreign powers in establishing this trend. Manuscript profile

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81 - Manifestation of Republicanism and Islamism in the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran
Nader Mirzadeh Kuhshahi Hasan Farsi

Islamic Republic with the leadership of Imam Khomeini was a type government accepted by a great majority of Iranian people after the downfall of Pahlavi’s regime. Question now posed is what impact this government has had on the constitution of Islamic republic of More

Islamic Republic with the leadership of Imam Khomeini was a type government accepted by a great majority of Iranian people after the downfall of Pahlavi’s regime. Question now posed is what impact this government has had on the constitution of Islamic republic of Iran. Findings in this research are indicative that the Islamic principles are reflected in the warp and woof of constitution. Electivity of the office of supreme leader, presidential, congressional, city councils, official recognition of the individual right and liberty are the most important reflection of Islamic system having its roots deep in the rules and regulations of religion. The necessitation of enacting all constitutional articles and civil laws in accordance to the laws and principles of religion, and also the constitutional requirement of the head of the state to be selected from among the highest religious Jurists are all a clear manifestation of religious principles in the constitution. Manuscript profile

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82 - Talent Management in Media: Talent Motivational Factors to Work at IRIB
Siavash Salavatian Gholamreza Godarzi Ehsan Torshizi

10.30495/qjopm.2020.1866620.2425

The current research set out to identify and rank motivational factors that may reinforce talented individuals to work at the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Company (IRIB) through Delphi Ranking. In the first stage of the study, a comprehensive interview was cond More

The current research set out to identify and rank motivational factors that may reinforce talented individuals to work at the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Company (IRIB) through Delphi Ranking. In the first stage of the study, a comprehensive interview was conducted with a purposive sample of 30 experts based on which 245 related factors were initially detected through qualitative coding method. Next, similar factors were eliminated leading to 64 unique factors which were subcategorized into three major categories.  The second and third stages of the study involved scrutinizing the five main factors in each category. Further, the identified factors were ranked and the calculation of the Kendall coefficient indicated a strong consensus among participating experts. Ultimately, three main factors were delineated including those influencing the occupational nature and space, the main factors governing organizational structure and those impacting remunerations, extra benefits and welfare facilities. Taking these factors into account can function as added incentive for the talented to cooperate with the IRIB that might be considered as a creative industry with human capital as the strongest predictor of its success.   Manuscript profile

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83 - The Impact of Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) on Reducing Costs at I.R.I Postal Company
roohallah noori Mohammad reza Naghibi

10.30495/qjopm.2020.669088

Although the use of electronic devices has enhanced and optimized internal organizational operations, reduced organizational costs and increased organizational profitability, office work productivity has been totally overlooked. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) has been More

Although the use of electronic devices has enhanced and optimized internal organizational operations, reduced organizational costs and increased organizational profitability, office work productivity has been totally overlooked. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) has been operationalized by Information Technology Center to enhance productivity of distribution efficiency of postal procedures, and thereby, to enhance customer satisfaction. Owing to the importance of cost reduction, the present applied quantitative enquiry addressed the effect of PDA on postal cost in Post Company of Islamic Republic of Iran.  The research sample included �18 mailing zones of Tehran Post Company. The research data comprised information concerning the distributed postal packages during 2013-2016 collected from Post Company databases. The normality of the data was checked via Kolmogorov-Smirnov test; Cost derives were analyzed via ABS method, and cost saving from using PDA was calculated through Break-even method. Normal pair-wise comparison (correlated mean) was used, assessing normality of variables’ observations, and determining operation area including parametrical and non-parametrical statistics. Also, a novel model was presented, evaluating the effect of PDA on cost reduction in Mail Company. The results revealed that the use of PDA in the areas under scrutiny had increased profitability by affecting cost of administrative consumables, wage and salary, and personnel transportation. The implications of the study for enhancing equipment efficiency and effectiveness in Post Company will be discussed. Manuscript profile

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84 - Human Capital Productivity in Strategic Organizations and Design of an Applied Model Using Structural Equation Model and Covariance Matrix: The Case of Strategic Navy
Sohrab Sadegh Abutaleb Motallebi Varkani Zahra Alipour Jamshid Sadeghi Yosef Mohammadimoghadam

10.30495/qjopm.2020.1874024.2556

The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify the effective factors in the developed model of human capital productivity in the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy through Structural Equation Modelling. The research data were collected based on a researcher-made ques More

The purpose of this quantitative study was to identify the effective factors in the developed model of human capital productivity in the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy through Structural Equation Modelling. The research data were collected based on a researcher-made questionnaire that was administered to a sample of 30 participants selected purposefully from the population of commanders of Naval Areas and Bases. The findings indicated that the organizational environment design and deployment as well as the human resource planning, recruitment and maintenance factors had positive significant effects on the core of human resource productivity. Moreover, managerial and educational mechanisms were found to have positive and significant effects on the practical and interactive strategies of human resource productivity. Factors positively and significantly impacting human resource productivity were found to be competition consequences and organizational performance improvement, the quality of organizational missions, performance satisfaction and skill enrichment. Finally, the human resource recruitment and maintenance and planning mechanisms were found to have positive and significant effect on staff productivity consequences. Manuscript profile

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85 - The Analysis of Obstacles of Developing Productivity in Main Department of Islamic republic of Iran rail road wagons based on productivity indicators and presenting an effective procedure for its promotion
Vahid Baradaran Mozafar Barad Mahya Mohammadi

Considering the different aspects of productivity which includesobserving correct principles and procedures of doing the job well(efficiency) and doing the appropriate work (impressiveness). Perhaps itis not possible to identify any scale or maximum to achieve productiv More

Considering the different aspects of productivity which includesobserving correct principles and procedures of doing the job well(efficiency) and doing the appropriate work (impressiveness). Perhaps itis not possible to identify any scale or maximum to achieve productivity,but the important thing is reaching optimization in executing theorganization affirs and duties. The main question is what are the mostimportant procedures to lead to the productivity in freight wagonsdepartment of railways of Islamic Republic of Iran? To achieve theappropriate response, manpower productivity indicators, capital, energyand all other items were defined, measured and analyzed to specify thatthe amount of these indicators in comparison with 2005 have beenincreased in 2005. To identify the productivity obstacles, a questionnairewas used. The results showed that lack of appropriate organizationalclimate for attraction foreign investment, lack of financial and creditresources for executing the projerct, ambiguous goals and long termprograming, amortized andworn- out machineries and repairingequipments, the existances of law and order are some of the mostimportant obstacles that productivity in freight wagons department ofrailways in Islamic republic of Iran have to deal with .at the end someprocedures have been recommended. Manuscript profile

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86 - Managers' Views on Mechanization Management for Visual Archive of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB)
Zahra Abazari SeyedRasool Toudar Rasool Abbasi Mojtaba Nasiri

The purpose of this research is to study the viewpoints of managers on mechanization management for visual archive center in IRIB.The research method is a survey and data collection is carried out by using a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 156 manager More

The purpose of this research is to study the viewpoints of managers on mechanization management for visual archive center in IRIB.The research method is a survey and data collection is carried out by using a questionnaire. The statistical population includes 156 managers of the central archive in IRIB, from among whom 33 managers were selected. In order to analyze the data, Excel and SPSS software are used. According to the findings, managers could use 36.3% speed for data retrieval, 22.1% easily searching pictures,21.1% high precision and 20.5% high quality pictures. Presentation of related services and informatics together with safety and maintenance of optimal sources will be available through development of digital archive mechanization. 80.6% of managers are not familiar with digital archive and 93.5% of managers haven’t passed training for mechanization system of central digital archive of IRIB. These results indicate that users don’t have enough knowledge about digital archive technology and they are required to pass training courses to work with mechanization system of central digital archive. Managers believe that there shall be chosen a software with ability to handle all tasks related to archive. Accordingly, 27.6% of mangers had announced the comfort to use digital system, 13.8% of managers explained the possibility to use organization’s other sources and 22.4% of managers also mentioned adaptation to current hardware in digital archive as well as adaptation to telecommunication network of the organization. Results indicate that managers have welcomed the exploitation of mechanization system for visual archive, but it is reminded that they need necessary training about digital archive to work with archive mechanization system.  Manuscript profile

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87 - مقایسه تطبیقی مشارکت سیاسی زنان در دوران مشروطیت، پهلوی و جمهوری اسلامی ایران
مسعود کاوه انوش جعفری سمیه عباسی

مشارکت سیاسی یکی از مصادیق حضور مردم در تعیین سرنوشت خود است . بنابراین با گسترش هر چه بیشتر دموکراسی در جهان، توجه به ابعاد مختلف دخالت مردم در صحنه‌ی سیاسی هر کشور پررنگ‌تر می-شود. مشارکت سیاسی از پیش‌شرط‌های ضروری، رسیدن به توسعه و پیشرفت است. در این میان، زنان به More

مشارکت سیاسی یکی از مصادیق حضور مردم در تعیین سرنوشت خود است . بنابراین با گسترش هر چه بیشتر دموکراسی در جهان، توجه به ابعاد مختلف دخالت مردم در صحنه‌ی سیاسی هر کشور پررنگ‌تر می-شود. مشارکت سیاسی از پیش‌شرط‌های ضروری، رسیدن به توسعه و پیشرفت است. در این میان، زنان به عنوان بخش قابل توجهی از جمعیت هر کشور که نقشی به سزا در توسعه‌ همه‌جانبه ایفا می‌کنند، همواره از توزیع ناعادلانه‌ی فرصت‌ها و منابع، رنج می‌برند. سؤالی که در این پژوهش به دنبال پاسخ به آن هستیم این است که میزان مشارکت سیاسی زنان در جمهوری اسلامی ایران به چه میزان است؟ مشارکت سیاسی زنان نسبت به دوران پهلوی افزایش یافته اما هنوز تا بهره‌مندی از توانایی بانوان برای مشارکت در امور سیاسی فاصله داریم. Manuscript profile

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88 - The Impact of Youth Identity Crisis on National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Yousef Khan Mohammadi Masoud Kaveh

10.22034/ssyj.2019.670243

Manuscript profile

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89 - Designing a conceptual model of management risks related to the implementation of insurance policies in the insurance industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Samira Ghazavi sanjar salajeghe Alireza Manzari Tavakoli

10/jtihr.2022.1959634.1096

The main purpose of this study is to provide a model for evaluating the policies of the Social Security Organization with a network governance approach. To select a suitable sample from the community of experts and university professors by non-random sampling method of More

The main purpose of this study is to provide a model for evaluating the policies of the Social Security Organization with a network governance approach. To select a suitable sample from the community of experts and university professors by non-random sampling method of selective type to 16 people and for the community of senior, middle and executive managers of the Social Security Organization in Tehran province by multi-stage random sampling method Based on Morgan table, 89 questionnaires were collected. In order to achieve the desired model based on the network governance approach, four factors of network design, network formation, network management and network participation are identified and based on administrative, judicial and political evaluation, 18 questions are considered for each index. Data are analyzed by SPSS and LISREL software through heuristic factor analysis and path analysis. The results showed that the policy evaluation indicators are part of the judicial approach in the network formation index in network governance are approved and can be an appropriate criterion for measuring the network governance indicators defined for evaluation. Introduce the policies of the Social Security Organization. In terms of ranking, the highest priority is given to the political sub-criterion in terms of network participation, and finally the judicial sub-criterion of network design is in the last rank. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - Cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the three European countries of Germany, France and Britain
abedin soleimani ali akbar amini Shiva Jalalpoor

Throughout history,the military power of countries has been decisive in international relations,but gradually soft power and especially cultural diplomacy has been added to one of the basic pillars in relations between countries in order to influence the destination cou More

Throughout history,the military power of countries has been decisive in international relations,but gradually soft power and especially cultural diplomacy has been added to one of the basic pillars in relations between countries in order to influence the destination countries through persuasion and attraction.Iran has always been considered due to its geopolitical conditions,and Western countries have sought cultural influence over the Iranian people and rulers.the purpose of this study is to examine the capacity and results of cultural diplomacy between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Germany ,france and Britain .in this research ,an attempt was made to deal with the pathology of diplomacy of Islamic Republic of Iran and three Eutopean countries with the help of library resources and analytically.The main question is what success has the cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran achieved ?this article persues the hypothesis that the cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran,despite its ups and downs,has not been able to achieve significant success .cultural diplomacy between Iran and three countries has always been overshadowed by political issues,human rights issues,nuclear issues,and accusations such as supporting terrorist groups .in addition,managerial and internal problems prevented cultural diplomacy from reflecting core Iranian-Islamic values. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - Differential Criminal Policy of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Crime of Computer Espionage
Yasser SHakeri Ali Reza Salehi GHolam Hosein Rezaei

10.30495/cyberlaw.2023.701442

Some of the criminal examples in the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, according to the thought approach that governs the policy-making procedure an leads it in the direction of differentiating the crimes, have been brought to the attention of the legislator More

Some of the criminal examples in the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, according to the thought approach that governs the policy-making procedure an leads it in the direction of differentiating the crimes, have been brought to the attention of the legislators in such a way that, while emphasizing the maintenance of public order, it also affects maintenance of the order of military units. In other words, in some cases, if there is no emphasis on dealing with it, military crimes can cause disturbances in public order, which include traditional espionage and computer espionage. The research methodology in this study is descriptive-analytical through library and survey studies. In the criminal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in addition to the Law on Punishment of Armed Forces Crimes approved in 2003, the Law on Computer Crimes approved in 2009 also covers the commission of computer espionage by military personnel. The findings of the present research indicate that in the Criminal Law of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the perpetrator of the crime of traditional espionage and computer espionage can be a military person or a civilian. The criminal policy governing the crime of espionage in the Criminal Law of the Armed Forces approved in 2012 is a strict criminal policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Multi-aspect System of Power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon
Masoud Jaafarinejad

Abstract: With the increase of Iranian influence in Lebanon after the Islamic revolution it is necessary to examine the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon. The issue of intelligent power which consists of soft and hard power has gained importance More

Abstract: With the increase of Iranian influence in Lebanon after the Islamic revolution it is necessary to examine the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon. The issue of intelligent power which consists of soft and hard power has gained importance in present day world. In this regard Iran’s soft power in Lebanon has been materialized in the form of intelligent power. The present paper by a descriptive-analytical method and by the help of library sources deals with the above issue. The underlying hypothesis is that the soft power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Lebanon has turned into intelligent power due to presence of Hezbollah in real battle field and participation in parliamentary process in political scene of Lebanon. The question raised by the paper is “what is the impact of intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran on Lebanon Hezbollah and Shiites?” The finding of the study shows that the intelligent power of Islamic Republic of Iran has helped the Hezbollah to gain important victory in both sensitive parliamentary and battle field struggle. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - Takfiri Salafism in the Middle East in the Third Millennium and the Islamic Republic of Iran
hosein nasirzadeh Mahnaz Goodarzi

Abstract: In the third millennium especially after 11 September 2001 events and the uprising which later happened from 2011 in North Africa and the Middle East, the world has witnessed the increasing expansion of Salafi-Takfiri groups and gaining power of extremist reli More

Abstract: In the third millennium especially after 11 September 2001 events and the uprising which later happened from 2011 in North Africa and the Middle East, the world has witnessed the increasing expansion of Salafi-Takfiri groups and gaining power of extremist religious groups in the Middle East. The Salafi-Takfiri groups with their ideological backing are a threat to the world and the Islamic Republic of Iran particularly that Iran is located in frontline of these groups. The present paper wants to answer this question that "what have been the consequences of the rise of these Salafi_Takfiri groups for Islamic Republic of Iran? The finding of the study shows that the Salafi-takfiri groups as a factor of security threat, instability and disorder for the Middle East region and challenge to Iran on the other hand have provided some significant opportunities in certain aspects. The Methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical and the collection of data is from library sources and documents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - Iraqi Kurdistan and Islamic Republic of Iran in an Era of interdependence: Opportunities and challenges
Hossein Masoudnia Ali Ebrahimi Mojtaba Rezazadeh

Abstract: Undoubtedly the geopolitical location of Iran and Iraq and their economic, political and cultural ties has intertwined in history and in an era of interdependence one can witness the interactions of the above spheres. One of the regions where has great importa More

Abstract: Undoubtedly the geopolitical location of Iran and Iraq and their economic, political and cultural ties has intertwined in history and in an era of interdependence one can witness the interactions of the above spheres. One of the regions where has great importance in new Iraq is the autonomous region of Kurdistan. This region has great geopolitical significance and it is necessary to know that what opportunities and challenges it has for the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present article by adopting mutual interdependence as its theoretical framework wants to answer this question as to what potentials and factors Iraqi Kurdistan have to influence Islamic Republic of Iran. The underlying hypothesis is that the relations between Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan in issues like culture, terrorism and regional security, economic activities and the issue of energy can create opportunities and challenges for Islamic Republic of Iran. The present article by a qualitative method and descriptive-analytical approach deals with the problem. The finding of the study shows that the right understanding of the importance and place of Iraqi Kurdistan can help to achieve Iran's interests and contain the threats from the latter. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - “Omni balancing” and Saudi Arabian Coalition Building against the Islamic Republic of Iran
Abdol Majid Seifi Naser pourhassan

Abstract After the victory of Islamic revolution in Iran, several regional coalitions were formed in geopolitical region around Iran, particularly in Arabian Peninsula. One of the important regional actors of these coalitions is Saudi Arabia. The basis of Saudi authori More

Abstract After the victory of Islamic revolution in Iran, several regional coalitions were formed in geopolitical region around Iran, particularly in Arabian Peninsula. One of the important regional actors of these coalitions is Saudi Arabia. The basis of Saudi authorities in “making coalition” is “balance of threat” which is formed in the face of Islamic Republic of Iran as the source of threat. The present article by rejecting this argument wants to answer this question that the role making by Saudi Arabia in balancing in the Middle East region, particularly in Persian Gulf region and Arabian Peninsula against Iran is based on what logic and base? The underlying hypothesis propounded by the article is that the real root of coalition making by Saudi Arabia, from Persian Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) till Determination Storm Operation against Ansarullah of Yemen and against Islamic Republic of Iran is “Omni aspect balancing” which the source of them are internal crisis of Saudi Arabia. The methodology used in the article is descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - The impact of women's rights in the foreign policy of the united states towards the Islamic Republic of Iran
Elham satari Gholam Hossein Bolandian

Abstract Women like men are entitled to fundamental social, cultural, economic and political rights, but the question that these rights and their bases are different in Islam and West is a debatable issue and is worth study and scrutiny. The main question raised by the More

Abstract Women like men are entitled to fundamental social, cultural, economic and political rights, but the question that these rights and their bases are different in Islam and West is a debatable issue and is worth study and scrutiny. The main question raised by the present paper is "what is the impact of women’s right on the United States foreign policy vis-à-vis Islamic Republic of Iran"? The underlying hypothesis is that women’s rights has affected the United States foreign policy against Islamic Republic of Iran and it is one of the key factors for continuation of hostility and imposing pressure by the United States against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Although there are conventions and rules in the West with slogans like equality and women’s right and responsibility of women is the Islamic Republic of Iran on the basis of gender justice, taking into consideration the ability of women their share and role in decision-making and politics is still low. This can be an excuse for the United States to exert pressure against the Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method used in the paper is descriptive-analytical and historical, using library tool. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Reopening of the Naval Base of Britain in Bahrain: The Grounds and the Necessity
ali bagheri dolatabadi jaseb nikfar mehdi mohammadi

Abstract: In late 2014 Britain reopened its naval military base in Bahrain after 43 years. The return of Britain coincided with turbulent situation in the Middle East. Developments like movement for democracy, rise of extremist Islamic groups, war and rivalry between r More

Abstract: In late 2014 Britain reopened its naval military base in Bahrain after 43 years. The return of Britain coincided with turbulent situation in the Middle East. Developments like movement for democracy, rise of extremist Islamic groups, war and rivalry between regional powers caused the return of Britain to the region. The question raised here is “what factors lead to the return of Britain and its presence in Bahrain?” The hypothesis is that different factors have played role taking this decision but most important factor has been security concern of Britain and Bahrain in recent years. The finding of the study shows that factors like the rise of ISIS, preventing the balance of power in favor of Shiites, oil, support of allies, the geostrategic and geopolitics of Bahrain, ensuring the political, military security in Bahrain and on the whole changing the political and economic situation in the region in favor of Britain, been among the factors which led to the reopening of naval military base in Bahrain. The theoretical framework used for the paper is descriptive-analytical by using library and internet sources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - ‏Islamic Republic of Iran’s Foreign Policy: identity promotion
ghodrat ahmadyan Seyyed Amirhossein Baniashraf

10.30495/pir.2019.664728

&rlm;The aim of this article is to study the I.R of Iran foreign policy in light of Alastair Iain Johnston’s cultural realism. Generally, all of the approaches used in analyzing I.R.Iran foreign policy are effected by realism tradition and constructivism theory. C More

&rlm;The aim of this article is to study the I.R of Iran foreign policy in light of Alastair Iain Johnston’s cultural realism. Generally, all of the approaches used in analyzing I.R.Iran foreign policy are effected by realism tradition and constructivism theory. Considering the previous studies as imperfect and looking into foreign policy of I.R of Iran based on Johnston’s theory regarding china, this article focuses on Seeking and maintaining identity status of I.R of Iran and its role in international system. By this, the aim is to mix realism concepts with cultural items. The result of research suggest that there is a clear convergency between I.R of Iran foreiegn policy and the Johnston’s Cultural realism theory. So, the strategic and military requests and goals of I.R of Iran in the middle east are subject to strategic culture and cultural realism and are effected by the attention of this country to achievement of position and statuse in Internation system. The reaserch method in this article is descriptive- analytical, the analysis is based on Johnston’s cultural realism and the library method is used for data gathering. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

99 - The evolution of the global power structure and its impact on the relationship between the United States and Saudi Arabia
محمد حسین جمشیدی Sajad Mohseni

10.30495/pir.2019.666750

With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the transformation of the power structure from bipolar to monopolitic, the regions became more important as sub-systems; Accordingly, the United States has sought to redistribute power in the regionsthe main question is what are More

With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the transformation of the power structure from bipolar to monopolitic, the regions became more important as sub-systems; Accordingly, the United States has sought to redistribute power in the regionsthe main question is what are the variables of the continuity of strategic relations between the United States and Saudi Arabia? It is hypothesized that the continuity of the relationship variables can be summarized in: "continuity of relationships based on shared interests and threats," "the scope and nature of military relations," and "economic interdependence". Accordingly, the study attempts to investigate issue based on the causal research and multivariate correlation,and the basis of documentary data, . Finally, the common interests and threats, the type of communication and the movement from economy to security and asymmetric reciprocity, have provided the context for the strategic link between Saudi Arabia and the United States, which underscores the continuation of the strategic relationship between the two countries. Iran is a common threat between the two countries of the Islamic Republic. Since the ability to confront and at least the Saudi Arabia's supremacy on the Islamic Republic is difficult, unilateral deterrence is a strategy adopted by the United States Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

100 - The alignment of ideology and national interests and the process of Regional Empowerment of Islamic Republic of Iran (1989 -2017)
mahdi parhan gholamreza karimi arsalan ghorbani sheikhneshin Seyyed Ali Monavari

10.30495/pir.2019.668889

AbstractAfter the end of imposed war, Islamic Republic has considered geostrategic requirements and interests of Iran in addition to pursuing the Islamic revolution ideology. This paper examines the effects of the attunement between ideology and national interests in pr More

AbstractAfter the end of imposed war, Islamic Republic has considered geostrategic requirements and interests of Iran in addition to pursuing the Islamic revolution ideology. This paper examines the effects of the attunement between ideology and national interests in promoting the regional status of Islamic Republic through examining its function in the past three decades. Accordingly, the main question is how the alignment of ideology and national interests has been effective in regional empowerment of Islamic Republic? The hypothesis of the article is that changing the system's approach and its actions in accordance with the ideology and national interests of the country has increased the power of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region. The findings of this research, which have been done through explanatory-analytical methods using library and documentary sources, show that it has increased the regional power of the Islamic Republic of Iran by the alignment of ideology and national interests with the emergence of national power and the geopolitical position and redefinition of ideological concepts in macro-decision-making after the end of the imposed war and the beginning of pragmatic policies in the country. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - BRICS and Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
abdilreza seifi mohammadbagher khorramshad

10.30495/pir.2019.668890

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" (or "the BRICs"), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all l More

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC" (or "the BRICs"), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all leading developing or newly industrialized countries, but they are distinguished by their large, sometimes fast-growing economies and significant influence on regional affairs; all five are G-20 members.As of 2015, the five BRICS countries represent over 3.6 billion people, or about 41% of the world population; all five members are in the top 25 of the world by population, and four are in the top 10. The five nations have a combined nominal GDP of US$16.6 trillion, equivalent to approximately 22% of the gross world product, combined GDP (PPP) of around US$37 trillion and an estimated US$4 trillion in combined foreign reserves Overall the BRICS are forecasted to expand 4.6% in 2016, from an estimated growth of 3.9% in 2015. The World Bank expects BRICS growth to pick up to 5.3% in 2017.In this article analyze Foreign Policy Strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and BRICS politics in the international system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - Analysis of the Behavioral Actions of the Republican People's Party of Turkey towards the Islamic Republic of Iran
Abdulmutallab Abdollah Ramin Valizadeh Meidani Sina Fekri

10.30495/pir.2021.684369

The formation of the Republic of Turkey after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of political parties in spite of the one-party atmosphere in the first year of the Turkish Republic created an atmosphere of democratic competition between the parties. Th More

The formation of the Republic of Turkey after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the emergence of political parties in spite of the one-party atmosphere in the first year of the Turkish Republic created an atmosphere of democratic competition between the parties. The Republican People's Party, the first political party in Turkey, is currently the largest opposition in the ruling party. The purpose of this article is to explain the position of the Republican People's Party towards the Islamic Republic of Iran. Accordingly, the main question of this research is: what role do the Republican People's Party's identity ideas play in its position towards the Islamic Republic of Iran? The author of the article hypothesizes that the Republican People's Party's identity approaches influence the party's positions. This article analyzes the role of identity paradigms in the positions of the Republican People's Party by using descriptive-analytical methods and using library documents. This research is of practical purpose. The findings of the article show that the behavior of the Republican People's Party towards the Islamic Republic of Iran is based on cooperative policies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - Investigating Iran's foreign policy in the post-ISIS period
hamid shayanpour Hossein Masoudnia Nafiseh Vaez

10.30495/pir.2022.1946228.3455

Despite the unprecedented ups and downs experienced by Iran and Syria in recent years, the strategic relations between Iran and Syria are considered to be a perfect example of the most unbreakable bilateral relations in the security environment of West Asia, which in th More

Despite the unprecedented ups and downs experienced by Iran and Syria in recent years, the strategic relations between Iran and Syria are considered to be a perfect example of the most unbreakable bilateral relations in the security environment of West Asia, which in the post-crisis environment requires more special role-playing, management and engineering than before in order to consolidate the achievements. . The current research aims to investigate and analyze the foreign policy of the Republic of Iran in Syria in the post-ISIS era, and has raised the question, "How are Iran's behavioral requirements for the post-crisis management of Syria evaluated?" Using the method of descriptive and library study and as a possible answer, the present research proposes the hypothesis that despite the success of the Islamic Republic of Iran in preventing the fall of the political system under the guidance of " Bashar Assad", the continuation of the obtained political-military achievements requires a comprehensive strategy based on the internal considerations of the Syrian society based on common cultural, religious and geopolitical interests and characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - Islamic-Iranian Patterns Required for Relations with Africa
Behnam Sarkheil mohammad mohammadi fard

10.30495/pir.2022.1715663.2265

Due to its inherent geopolitical Specification and new Geo-economic components, Africa has become a strategic area for emerging powers to compete. As many analysts have called this century as the century of Africa. From this perspective, international activists (such as More

Due to its inherent geopolitical Specification and new Geo-economic components, Africa has become a strategic area for emerging powers to compete. As many analysts have called this century as the century of Africa. From this perspective, international activists (such as governments, multinational corporations, transnational corporations) are revising and designing their strategic policies and strategies with Africa.In the same framework, one of the main orientations and fundamental attitudes of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the international arena is the issue of developing relations and expanding relations with Africa and promoting the level of cooperation in various aspects of political, economic and cultural affairs with African actors.The question now is that Iran, which, according to its 1404 vision document, is seeking to play an effective role in acting as an active inspiration in the field of international relations, does have a pattern in its relationship with Africa? And what are the characteristics of Islamic-Iranian Patterns to Islamic relations with Africa?The research method is descriptive-analytic and based on qualitative method and data collection, written and online sources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

105 - The Impact of the Soft Power of Sports Diplomacy on Iran-US Relations: A Case Study of Wrestling Diplomacy (1998 – 2013)
Soudabeh Mokhtari Garineh Keshishyan Siraki

10.30495/pir.2022.1963738.3532

One of the most important issues in international relations is the concept of "power". Joseph Nye's initiative in separating hard power from soft power gave new form to the definition of power. Sports diplomacy is considered as one of the key ways of forming soft power More

One of the most important issues in international relations is the concept of "power". Joseph Nye's initiative in separating hard power from soft power gave new form to the definition of power. Sports diplomacy is considered as one of the key ways of forming soft power and countries are trying to find solutions to reduce tensions, political, economic and social effects with other actors in this supply. The strong presence of Iranian national teams, especially wrestling, in popular international events such as the Olympic Games has created an opportunity for sports to help improve Iran's position in the new world structure, even reducing tensions with its longtime enemy, the United States. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the question that what role did the soft power of sports diplomacy, especially wrestling, play in Iran-US relations from 1998 to 2013? Studies using the soft power theoretical framework showed that the main hypothesis about the impact of wrestling on the formation of the soft power of sports diplomacy, at critical times and at the lowest cost has helped to improve Iran-US relations. This study also offers suggestions for better use of ship soft power to reduce problems in Iran-US relations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

106 - Driving forces of the development of the parties in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Mohammad Aryanmanesh HAKEM Ghasemi, Ghrban-Ali Ghorbanzadeh Savar

10.30495/pir.2023.1972024.3572

Political parties in Iran are carriers of socio-political characteristics and historical background, which, in an unwanted combination, have hindered its realization. Although there have been many theoretical studies about the characteristics and obstacles of the party More

Political parties in Iran are carriers of socio-political characteristics and historical background, which, in an unwanted combination, have hindered its realization. Although there have been many theoretical studies about the characteristics and obstacles of the party system in Iran, none has been done so far about development drivers based on different variables in the four constructions. Given this lack, the basic question of this article is: What are the driving forces behind the development of political parties in the Islamic republic of Iran? The hypothesis obtained in this research is that the most important drivers are strengthening the democratic structure of power and political freedoms, strengthening party discourse, strengthening social capital, developing civil society institutions, party independence, developing a culture of participation and collective work, and facilitating the circulation of political elites, The structure of parties and their supervision. The prospective research framework used in this research is based on library methods, questionnaires and the use of Micmac software. The most important finding of this research is the discovery and description of the drivers of party development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

107 - Analysis of Divergence Factors in Political Relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Turkey - 2011-2020
Khatib Shayanfar Bahram Montazeri

10.30495/pir.2023.1952854.3459

Turkey is one of the neighboring countries of Iran that has many advantages in terms of geopolitics and perhaps it can be mentioned as one of the few countries with regional influences around Iran. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the question of what are th More

Turkey is one of the neighboring countries of Iran that has many advantages in terms of geopolitics and perhaps it can be mentioned as one of the few countries with regional influences around Iran. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the question of what are the factors of divergence in the political relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Turkey?The objectives of this study are to investigate the divergence factors in the political climate of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Turkey based on three categories of geopolitical factors, geoeconomic factors and geocalcher factors.This research is applied-developmental and descriptive-analytical and survey method. The results of this analysis show that in all three components of geopolitics, geocalchery and geoeconomics, the mentioned priority caused divergence and a total of 15 factors were confirmed.In response to sub-questions, the most important geopolitical factors, the Kurdish question in Syria and turkey's military presence under the pretext of fighting them in Syria and the most important geocalcular factors, the flagship of the Islamic system in the region by Iran and the most important geoeconomic factors, the competition of the two countries to influence the markets of the Caucasus and Central Asia were determined. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - The position of the political-spiritual approach of social capital in the victories of the era of holy defense
Nematullah hamrahi feredoun akbarzadeh Shiva Jalalpoor Hamed Mohagheghnia

10.30495/pir.2023.1971954.3571

which was enriched by emphasizing principles such as anti-tyranny and martyrdom of the Islamic Republic of Iran, played an important role against the invading forces. The war was a great test for the spirit of national resistance and patience. Based on this, the present More

which was enriched by emphasizing principles such as anti-tyranny and martyrdom of the Islamic Republic of Iran, played an important role against the invading forces. The war was a great test for the spirit of national resistance and patience. Based on this, the present study was written with the aim of evaluating the place of the political-spiritual approach of social capital in the victories of the holy defense period. The findings show: Iran's land has been attacked by enemies throughout its history, especially in the last two hundred years, and has lost parts of its strategic areas. But in the saga of eight years of holy defense, considering the charismatic leadership of Imam Khomeini (RA) and benefiting from religious teachings and revolutionary Shiism, martyrdom, the spirit of self-sacrifice and sacrifice in the path of God, the war fronts. They brought and the Iranian soldiers forced the aggressor to retreat and defeat the aggressor in an asymmetric war. One of the important indicators of this research, which makes it different from other researches, is the role of deep religious beliefs and spiritual power in the victories of Iranian fighters in the course of the developments of the Iraq-imposed war against Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - Developments and dynamics of the southern part of the surrounding environment of J.A. Iran; Reasons and contexts
Amirhossein Nemati alireza naeej Jalal Torkashvand

10.30495/pir.2023.1976088.3591

As one of the important countries in the Middle East, the Islamic Republic of Iran is in the southern part of its periphery with a series of neighboring Arab countries that enjoy a special position. Ethnic, ideological and territorial differences, competition for the le More

As one of the important countries in the Middle East, the Islamic Republic of Iran is in the southern part of its periphery with a series of neighboring Arab countries that enjoy a special position. Ethnic, ideological and territorial differences, competition for the leadership of the Arab world, proxy wars, closeness to Israel, alliances and competition of great powers are among the most important developments and dynamics in this region, and it is of particular importance to find the root causes and grounds for the formation of these dynamics. The present article tries to answer this important question by assuming the formation of the mentioned developments, using the analogical-hypothetical method and based on Randall Schweller's balance of interests in the theoretical framework of neoclassical realism, while filling the existing gap in studies. And what are the current dynamics in the southern part of the peripheral environment of the Islamic Republic of Iran?The result of this research is that the government in Arab countries has simultaneously been affected by several important factors at the internal and structural levels, causing important developments and dynamics in the southern part of the peripheral environment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

110 - The effect of virtual social networks on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran (a case study: Telegram channel of Amadanews)
Sayyed Saeid Safavi Ahmad Bakhshayesh Ardestani akbar ashrafi Mohammad tohidfam

10.30495/pir.2024.2000680.3690

Social networks, for various reasons, greatly affect the internal dimension of national security.This research seeks to know the impact of one of these networks, that is, Amadyaoz, on national security, which analyzes the data obtained from field research (interviews) i More

Social networks, for various reasons, greatly affect the internal dimension of national security.This research seeks to know the impact of one of these networks, that is, Amadyaoz, on national security, which analyzes the data obtained from field research (interviews) in the field of AmadyaozTelegramnetwork with a qualitative method.raising the question that social networks, here In a specific way,what effects has the Amadanews telegram channel had on the internal dimension of the national security of the Islamic Republic during its activity?The findings show that, in the national dimension, Amadyaoz by"directing and deviating public opinion"and"creating duality" and at the"individual level"in two dimensions by encouraging"civil disobedience"and individual departure against the system under the influence of this network's inductions.At the level of the government structure, mechanisms such as "destroying the internal and regional power of the system","creating erosion and costing the system"separation of the people, the system and the revolution" and "inducing corruption in all the elements of the system"are widely used to hit the It uses the existence of the Islamic Republic and inthis way, it challenges the national authority and by intensifying the differences and insecurity, it clearly has a negative and destructive effect on the national security in the internal dimension. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

111 - Explaining the Impact of Globalization on Status seeking of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia
Fazel Hassanzadeh amin ravanbod Ghaffar Zarei

10.30495/pir.2024.1989833.3644

In one hand, this research accepts the inevitable developments in international environment due to globalization and on the other hand, recognizing the state as the most important international actor, tries to explain one of the most influential state’s acts in th More

In one hand, this research accepts the inevitable developments in international environment due to globalization and on the other hand, recognizing the state as the most important international actor, tries to explain one of the most influential state’s acts in the globalized space. The purpose of this research is to explain the impact of globalization on dynamics of status seeking of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia. This research is done with descriptive-analytical method. Findings of this research show that in lack of collective security system in the Middle East, the strategy of social competition is an attractive option for Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia. The competitive relations among states in the Middle East have been an obstacle toward creating inclusive institutions and common concept of security. Consequently, the strategy of social mobility has not been a functional one in the region. Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia in order to utilize the strategy of social creativity should demonstrate more compliance with global values and norms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

112 - An Examination of the Security Implications of Iran’s Membership of Disarmament and Arms Control Treaties: the Case Study, Non-Proliferation Treaty
Seyed Asghar Jaafari Alireza Ghasemi

Abstract One of the ways to strengthen peace and security in national and international level is creation of agreements in disarmament and arms control. Arms control and disarmament both are important and effective instruments in security of the countries from the view More

Abstract One of the ways to strengthen peace and security in national and international level is creation of agreements in disarmament and arms control. Arms control and disarmament both are important and effective instruments in security of the countries from the view point of process, content and regulations because on the one hand it removes the ambiguities in the military and foreign policy behavior of the governments and increases the stability and on the other hand membership in these treaties have particular security implications like the Non-Proliferation Treaty which relatively limits the sovereignty of the countries. The present article by a descriptive-analytical method wants to illustrate the security implications of the membership of Iran in disarmament and arms control treaties. Iran by joining the membership of Non-Proliferation Treaty in 1968 has accepted specific security obligations. The present article by examining security implications of Iran’s membership of Non-Proliferation Treaty has arrived at this conclusion that the above treaty besides weakening and limiting the security of Iran undermines military, scientific and industrial power also.   Manuscript profile

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113 - Explaining the Impact of Iranian Nuclear Program on Mutual Relations of Iran and European Union
عنایت الله یزدانی Leila Morovati

Abstract: After the victory of the Islamic revolution fundamental changes took place in foreign policy of Iran. Pursuing nuclear program was one of the sign of these developments, which created a concern in European Union and as a result led to a security challenge for More

Abstract: After the victory of the Islamic revolution fundamental changes took place in foreign policy of Iran. Pursuing nuclear program was one of the sign of these developments, which created a concern in European Union and as a result led to a security challenge for Iran. The fear from Iran who possesses nuclear technology drove the green continent towards a coalition with the United States and some of Iran's neighbor particularly the conservative Arab governments. With the turn in European Union foreign policy towards Iran, Iran also revised its policies towards her friends and the possible foes. On this basis the present article wants to examine the opportunities and limitations of relations of Iran with the European Union under the impact of nuclear program. The basic strategy of the European Union in regard to nuclear program is preventing Iran acquiring the potential to produce nuclear arms. With this objective in view the European Union makes use of different tools like sanctions, negotiations and supporting Iran's rival. Part of this policy making of the European Union has undergone changes under the impact of Iran's relations with China, Russia and also confrontation or interaction with the United States in medium term. Manuscript profile

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114 - Economic and Military Take off of China and its Security Impact on Islamic Republic of Iran
محمدعلی بصیری معصومه رشید

Abstract Islamic Republic of Iran and China can be considered as revisionist state in current international system. Economic and commercial relations between the two have prepared the ground for close and friendly relations. In the question of nuclear program of Iran a More

Abstract Islamic Republic of Iran and China can be considered as revisionist state in current international system. Economic and commercial relations between the two have prepared the ground for close and friendly relations. In the question of nuclear program of Iran and Syrian crisis both the countries have had similar stand. What will be the security consequences of the rise of China as a stronger power than the United States for Islamic Republic of Iran? The present article wants to examine the consequences of this event within the framework of Barry Buzan security approach. The Underlying assumption is; that after the rise of China as a stronger power than the United States the international system undergoes change and the United States no longer be able to dominate or put pressure on Iran or jeopardize Iran's security. The methodology used by the article is descriptive-analytical and collection of data is library sources.   Manuscript profile

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115 - The Impact of Geopolitical Features of Azerbaijan Republic on Islamic Republic of Iran (Text in Persian
Majid Abbasi Morteza Noormohammadi Syed Mohammd Reza Mosavi

The present article wants to understand the impact of geopolitical features of Azerbaijan Republic on bilateral relations of Islamic Republic of Iran and Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijan Republic is located in a region which due to its geographical features and neighbori More

The present article wants to understand the impact of geopolitical features of Azerbaijan Republic on bilateral relations of Islamic Republic of Iran and Azerbaijan Republic. Azerbaijan Republic is located in a region which due to its geographical features and neighboring Iran has always attracted the attention of world powers. Therefore, the geopolitical study of this country can help decision makers of Iran on political, economic, cultural and military matters and it is also useful in preventing possible future confrontations between the two. For this reason the study answers this question as to what is the impact of geopolitical features of Azerbaijan Republic on relations with Iran. The article makes use of content analysis methodology to have a deeper understanding of features and roots of the problems, challenges, opportunities and threats. Finally the article while explaining the impact of geopolitical factors of Azerbaijan Republic on increasing or decreasing the level of relations between the two countries analyzes the above issue and presents suggestion in this regard. Manuscript profile

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116 - Cybernetic Reflection on Iranian Nuclear Decision- making Model
Seyed Yousef Ghorashi

Abstract: In recent years, Iran’s nuclear policy has become one of the most important and controversial issues in international relations so that it is being discussed in most international meetings despite the absence of Iran. Some believe that Iran’s nucl More

Abstract: In recent years, Iran’s nuclear policy has become one of the most important and controversial issues in international relations so that it is being discussed in most international meetings despite the absence of Iran. Some believe that Iran’s nuclear policy and way of decision making about the alternative choices cannot be explained on the basis of existing theories of decision making or analytical paradigm; therefore, there is the need for a new theory and different decision making approach. The present article initially introduces and explains principles and assumption of “cybernetic theory of decision” then it concludes that this theoretical framework has a better explanative ability for examining the nuclear policy of Iran. The authors are of the view that within the framework of cybernetic theory focusing on vital variable of “obtaining nuclear fuel cycle” has been the pivot of Iran’s nuclear policy. Manuscript profile

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117 - The Place of Lebanon Hezbollah in Deterrence Strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran
Alireza Golshani Mohsen Bagheri

The aim of the present article is recognition and analysis of the palace of Hezbollah of Lebanon in deterrence strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran. The activities of Hezbollah of Lebanon adjacent to the Israeli borders (Israel as the main source of threat against the I More

The aim of the present article is recognition and analysis of the palace of Hezbollah of Lebanon in deterrence strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran. The activities of Hezbollah of Lebanon adjacent to the Israeli borders (Israel as the main source of threat against the Islamic Republic of Iran) while gives special importance to this movement it boosts the deterrence potential of Islamic Republic of Iran. The main question of the present article is what the impact of Islamic Republic of Iran support for the Lebanon Hezbollah is on deterrence potential of Iran? The underlying hypothesis is that the support of Islamic Republic of Iran for the Lebanon Hezbollah increases the deterrence power of Iran. For understanding the above hypothesis by descriptive-analytical method, variables like increasing the strategic depth of Iran, defeating the Israel deterrence and reducing military security factor and reducing the possibility of military attack on Iran are discussed. The finding of the study shows that the support of Islamic Republic of Iran for Hezbollah of Lebanon in the direction of containing Israel on the one side has led to defeat of Israel deterrence and the reduction of national security of that country. On the other hand it has added to depth of strategic for Islamic Republic of Iran and reducing the risk of possible military attack against Iran. This condition in the long run leads to increasing indirect regional deterrence power and national security of Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

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118 - The Role of Language in Cultural Diplomacy Discourse of Islamic Republic of Iran
Abbasgholi Askarian Sarem Shiravand Mirhadi Mosavi

Abstract Cultural diplomacy means achieving national interests by cultural means. Cultural diplomacy gives opportunity to a country to introduce her culture, society and people to others and by increasing her personal connections among different peoples of different co More

Abstract Cultural diplomacy means achieving national interests by cultural means. Cultural diplomacy gives opportunity to a country to introduce her culture, society and people to others and by increasing her personal connections among different peoples of different countries they are enabled to make their political ideals and politics attractive in the eye of public opinion. The main goal of cultural diplomacy is presenting justifiable and clear picture of cultural values and behavior o an actor for different actors of international arena which includes governments, international governmental and non-governmental organizations, institutions of civil society and public opinion. For understanding cultural diplomacy of each country a comprehension of the grounds and procedure of formation and shaping of it is necessary. The Iranian-Islamic cultural diplomacy by taking advantage of the language of Islamic revolution and under the guidance of Islamic revolution leader was formulated and its foundation was laid in the initial stage of forming the Islamic system. In the next stage this cultural diplomacy was developed and deepened and changed into a full-fledged dialogue in public diplomacy of Iran. The main objective of the present research is identifying the semiotics of elements, metaphors and the ingredients of representation of cultural diplomacy and examining the role of language in creating dialogue of cultural diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The methodology of the present article is discourse analysis. Manuscript profile

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119 - Politico-Economic Relations between Islamic Republic of Iran and Russian Federation after the Imposition of Sanctions by Western Countries on Ukraine Crisis
محمدتقی جهانبخش جعفر حق‌پناه

Abstract The relations between Iran and Russia have existed from long time back in several sphere and most of the time Russia had the upper hand. The occurrence of Islamic revolution in Iran changed the pattern of our foreign relations. Iran and Russia continued their More

Abstract The relations between Iran and Russia have existed from long time back in several sphere and most of the time Russia had the upper hand. The occurrence of Islamic revolution in Iran changed the pattern of our foreign relations. Iran and Russia continued their relations thereafter despite mutual suspicions about each other with ups and downs. The question of Ukraine in recent years has dramatically affected the relations between Russia and West and has led to tension between Russia and the West headed by the United States and European Union. In this direction last year several economic sanctions were imposed on Russian Federation. This forced Russia to substitute the Western partners with Eastern countries. This question apparently brought Russia closer to Iran. The present article wants to answer this question that what has been the impact of sanctions imposed on Russian Federation on relations with Islamic Republic of Iran. The underlying hypothesis is that the sanctions imposed by Western countries forced Russia to improve her politico-economic relations with Iran and has led to closer relations between the two. The present paper has examined the relations of Iran and Russia by a descriptive-analytical method.  Manuscript profile

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120 - The Strategies of Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Security of Persian Gulf
Mohammadali Basiri Leila Javidi

The Persian Gulf region is one of the important security, strategic and economic regions in international system. For these reasons it is having important place and throughout recent history great powers have paid attention to it and it has sometime become the target of More

The Persian Gulf region is one of the important security, strategic and economic regions in international system. For these reasons it is having important place and throughout recent history great powers have paid attention to it and it has sometime become the target of their aggression. Nowadays with the advent of oil reserves and its important place in world economy the security and stability of this region is a sensitive issue for both regional as well as world powers. Taking into consideration the type, position and political geography, nature of the governments in the Persian Gulf region, a regional security based on cooperation among the countries of the region is most suitable method for the security of the region. Of course this task will not be accomplished unless different methods of mutual confidence building are pursued among the countries of the region for removing the misunderstandings. This will be achieved only through the serious efforts of the political leaders of littoral countries. Manuscript profile

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121 - Technological Diplomacy of Iran with Emphasis on Defensive and Security Technologies
Nozar Shafiee Asghar Shokri Moghadam

Abstract In today’s world one of the main elements constituting the power is high technologies. High technology is behind political, economic, military, cultural and information power. The developments of high technologies have led to change in dimension, sphere, More

Abstract In today’s world one of the main elements constituting the power is high technologies. High technology is behind political, economic, military, cultural and information power. The developments of high technologies have led to change in dimension, sphere, forms and mechanism of power in international scene. These developments have confronted the countries with new problems and one of these problems is technology diplomacy. Taking into consideration West’s technological sanctions against the Islamic Republic of Iran; the present article wants to answer this question that how technological diplomacy of Iran can provide the security and defense needs of the country? It seems that for obtaining defense related technologies; the country has to know the international limitations on the way of procuring technical needs. Iran has to find institutional and technical ways of technology diplomacy to bypass sanctions and legal and political limitations and this can be possible by relying on regionalism and policy of détente. The methodology used in the article is descriptive and secondary analysis and the theoretical framework is regionalism.  Manuscript profile

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122 - Analysis of the influential social policies of the Islamic Republic System of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan province
hassan khiri Hossein Azhdarizadeh Abdol Amir Ezariani

Analysis of the influential social policies of the Islamic Republic System of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan provinceAbstractObjective and Background: the present study aims at analyzing the Islamic Republic of Iran’s social policies that have eff More

Analysis of the influential social policies of the Islamic Republic System of Iran on maintaining social capital in Khuzestan provinceAbstractObjective and Background: the present study aims at analyzing the Islamic Republic of Iran’s social policies that have effects on the preservation of the social capital in Khuzestan Province. There is an internal, mutual and close relationship between every system’s cultural-social policies and its preservation of social capital, national security and political structure and the negligence of them and the failure in the recognition of their proper grounds not only render the preservation and development of the social capital difficult but also expose the countries’ national security to many dangers. Study Methodology: this study has been conducted based on a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) method. In the qualitative section, content analysis is the method of choice; coding will be used for extracting the concepts and themes which will be subsequently applied for preparing the researcher-constructed questionnaire. It is worth mentioning that semi-structured interviews have been utilized in this method and that the study sample volume has been computed equal to ten individuals for reaching the theoretical saturation.the information will be analyzed. The required information will be collected by means of questionnaire and the study sample volume has been calculated equal to 384 individuals using Cochran Formula. Conclusion: the effect of Islamic Republic of Iran’s social policies on social capital in Khuzestan Province has been investigated in three aspects of social coherence, social trust and social participation and the computed results are indicative of the significance of this coefficient in 99% level. Manuscript profile

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123 - Citizenship rights and responsibilities in the first to sixth economic, social and cultural development plans of the Islamic Republic of Iran and presentation of strategic policies for the seventh development plan
marjan khodi fatemeh baratlo Abdolreza Sobhani Aliakbar Farhangi

Purpose and Background: Studying and understanding the status of "citizenship" in the first to sixth economic, social and cultural development programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ا. And providing strategic policies for the Seventh Development Plan is the main purp More

Purpose and Background: Studying and understanding the status of "citizenship" in the first to sixth economic, social and cultural development programs of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ا. And providing strategic policies for the Seventh Development Plan is the main purpose of this study.Method: The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and it has used the content analysis technique in order to analyze the text of the first to sixth programs of economic, social and cultural development of the Islamic Republic of Iran.Findings: The results show that referring to the relative frequency distribution of the dimensions of citizenship in the first to sixth development plans, the dimension of citizenship rights in the amount of 61.36% compared to the dimension of citizenship responsibilities in the amount of 38.64% of a better and higher situation. Enjoys. In other words, the dimension of citizenship rights is relatively nearly twice as much emphasized as citizenship responsibilities.Conclusion: The distribution of policies and goals of programs in relation to the category of citizenship is so wide that it can not be claimed that in these programs, ie from the first to the sixth development plan, a specific evolutionary process of attention and planning regarding all components and indicators. There are rights and responsibilities of citizenship. The situation of citizenship in the first to sixth development plans, while scattered, also has a small level of attention and emphasis, which is hoped in future development plans, the seventh plan, this issue will be reviewed and finally planning in the direction of inclusion and proper attention. Emphasize the category of citizenship and its dimensions. Manuscript profile

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124 - Presenting the transparency model in the Islamic Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran (investigating the extent of the gap between the opinions of experts and citizens from the perspective of the characteristics of the transparent parliament)
Hadi BerenjiMaryan hamidreza rezaee kelidbari karim kiakajouri

Background: The purpose of this research is to present the model of transparency in the Islamic Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran (examining the gap between the opinions of experts and citizens from the perspective of the characteristics of the transparent parliam More

Background: The purpose of this research is to present the model of transparency in the Islamic Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran (examining the gap between the opinions of experts and citizens from the perspective of the characteristics of the transparent parliament).Method: in the small part after Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, parametric tests (independent sample t) were used through SPSS version 23 software. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes 24 experts in the field of transparency, and in the quantitative part, there are 426 citizens, which was used through a cluster method centered on five provinces of Iran. The tool for collecting information in the quantitative part of this research is the use of a researcher-made questionnaire, which was used to determine the content validity of the questionnaire from the opinions of experts and experts, and to determine its reliability, Cronbach's alpha method was used, and the alpha value for the total variables was equal to 0.964. Is.Findings: The model of transparency in the Majlis of the Islamic Council of Iran consists of five main categories, which are: informational, financial, supervisory and accountability, and ethical and professional individual, which not only formed the dimensions of transparency in the Islamic Council, but also the effective factors. The successful establishment of transparency, the consequences of the establishment of transparency, the obstacles to the establishment of transparency, as well as possible damages in the Islamic Council in case of non-establishment of transparency will also be discussed. Manuscript profile

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125 - The Effect of Job Desighn on Plateau Due : A Study on Staffs of Provincial Affairs - Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting
mehrak mirsaeedi Amir Garoosi Azadeh Ashrafi

Abstract Employees, are the key to moving into the competitive environment of current organizations, and the sustainability of organizational activities depends on building and developing staff capabilities in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate More

Abstract Employees, are the key to moving into the competitive environment of current organizations, and the sustainability of organizational activities depends on building and developing staff capabilities in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of job design on job burnout. This research is a descriptive survey in terms of the nature of data collection and is applied by purpose. The statistical population in this study is all employees and managers of provincial affairs in IRI in the city of which 80 persons. The sample size was determined by census according to the size of the population and the questionnaire was distributed among all members of the community. A total of 72 questionnaires were analyzed. A standard 49-item questionnaire was used in this study. Content validity was used for validity and Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check for normality and after structural equations and path analysis using PLS software. The results showed that the job design approach has a significant effect on job strain and among the available approaches, the mechanical approach can increase job strain rate and have a negative impact on staff conditions. Keywords: Job Planning, Career Planning, Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB) Manuscript profile

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126 - Evaluation of Relationship between DigitalLiteracy and the Quantitative Use of Cybernetic Management Patternin the NationalLibrary and Archives ofthe Islamic Republic of Iran
hamid amanollahi فاطمه نوشین فرد سعید امان الهی نیک

 Objective: The aimof thisstudy was to investigatethe role ofdigitalliteracyin thequantitative use ofcyberneticmanagement patternintheNational Library and Archivesof the Islamic Republicof Iran. Methods: This study is practical in terms of objective, andcorrelatio More

 Objective: The aimof thisstudy was to investigatethe role ofdigitalliteracyin thequantitative use ofcyberneticmanagement patternintheNational Library and Archivesof the Islamic Republicof Iran. Methods: This study is practical in terms of objective, andcorrelational survey-descriptive type in terms of methodology. The study population consisted of 97 administrators and officers at the National Library and Archives of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Structural equation modeling using PLS software was employed in order to examine the hypothesis and investigate the causal relations of variables in the study. Results: Reviewandtest ofthe study’s conceptual modelshowedthe strength ofthe modelto predictvariables. In addition, there is a positivesignificant relationship between the level ofdigitalliteracyand its componentswiththe quantitative useofcyberneticmanagement. Conclusion: Survivalanddevelopment oflibrariesina complex, dynamicandevolvingenvironment of todayrequiresnew patterns ofmanagementsuch ascyberneticmanagement pattern. However, human resourcesfamiliar withsuchdigital literacyin an age ofrapid technological changesis importantin application of suchmanagementpattern tocreatemanagerswho are familiar with cyberneticmanagementpattern. Manuscript profile

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127 - A comparative study on the usability of national library websites at Iran, Iraq and Turkey
Sedigheh Mohammad-Esmaeil Somayyeh Kazemi-Koohbanani

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to do a comparative evaluation of Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq and Turkey National Library websites, based on important characteristics in usability of websites. Methodology: In this research, assessment of National Library More

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to do a comparative evaluation of Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq and Turkey National Library websites, based on important characteristics in usability of websites. Methodology: In this research, assessment of National Library websites has been done using a checklist. The checklist includes 11 criteria and 160 components for reviewing and evaluating websites. Results: According to allocated grade to hypothetical website (with 100% confirmed criteria and components) equal 663 points, the Iran national library website with 594 points (88/5%) has been achieved first rank. Turkey with 485 points (70/5%) and Iraq with 330 points (46/2%) are second and third, respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, some proposals have been offered to website designers and decision-makers of Iran National Library. Through recommended proposals in the checklist of Iran National Library website, the improvement of the usability of website and preservation of regional strategic position is possible. Manuscript profile

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128 - Third Millennium US Military Strategies in the Persian Gulf Region and National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Ali Asghar Ghafari Charati Hassan Khodaverdi گارینه کشیشیان سیرکی

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129 - The Role of Constructive Elements of Iran's Identity in Relations between Iran and Russia
Yosef shahmohammadi Fatemeh Hashemi

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130 - Feasibility study of the impact of the Governance Gap on the Efficiency of the Political System from the Perspective of Political Stability; Case study of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shararaeh Abdolhoseinzadeh Ali AliHosseini Siamak Bahrami

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131 - Investigating the Effects of the Israeli Nation-state-building Process on the National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran; and Reactions to these Effects
Mohammad Reza Tayarani Sharbaf Jalal Derakhsheh Seyed Abdolamir Nabavi Fakhreddin Soltani

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132 - Identity and Foreign Policy
Ebrahim Anoosheh

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133 - A Theoretical model for the analysis of Nation-State building in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Arezoo Rahimi Afshin Zargar Armin Amini

This article criticizes the process of nation-state building in Iran based on the facts in the country's political structure and specifies the factors affecting the non-formation of nation-state building in Iran on what mechanisms are based and why this category is in t More

This article criticizes the process of nation-state building in Iran based on the facts in the country's political structure and specifies the factors affecting the non-formation of nation-state building in Iran on what mechanisms are based and why this category is in the Islamic Republic. Iran has not succeeded. The most important assumption should be made on the structure and the transnational nature of the Islamic Republic of Iran and its intellectual foundations, because this structure, behind its political ideology, which came from the Islamic Revolution of Iran and religious teachings, rather than the concepts of national unification emanating from history, The culture, language and mythological system existing in a common geographical border relies on values and principles that are transnational and global and can influence from a small group to the whole world. In this article, the descriptive-analytical method of the library type is used to study the texts, books and articles using the fishing technique. Manuscript profile

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134 - The Impact of US Strategy on Identity Conflicts between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the European Union
Farzaneh Rahmati Mohammadreza Dehshiri

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135 - The Role of Government in Economic Development; A Comparative Study between Iran and Malaysia During (1981-2003)
Mahmoud Baharloo Majid Abbasi Ali Adami

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136 - Pathology of the New Cyber Terrorism Threat to Iran's National Security
Reza Solgi حسن خداوردی Zohreh Poustinchi

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137 - Analysis of Ahmadinejad Government's Foreign Policy According to the Critical Theory of International Relations
Mohammad Ali Tavana Tooraj Rahmani Hamed Eslami

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138 - Modeling the Decision-making Method of Imam Khomeini for the Officials and Managers of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Morteza Mohammadzadeh Abdolreza Baghi Morteza Abazari

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139 - Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in North Africa: A Comparative Study on Ahmadinejad’s and Rouhani’s Governments (With Emphasis on Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia)
Hassan Yousefi حسن خداوردی

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140 - The Cultural-Social duties of students from the Leaders of Islamic Republic of Iran viewpoint
saeedeh khorasani hosseinali jahed dariush matlabi

Many academics are not familiar enough with the duties of students from the point of view of the leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and no coherent study has been done in this field. Students, to succeed in academic life and fulfill their special social roles, hav More

Many academics are not familiar enough with the duties of students from the point of view of the leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and no coherent study has been done in this field. Students, to succeed in academic life and fulfill their special social roles, have various duties. The objective of this study is to identify the social-cultural duties of students from the viewpoint of leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. For this purpose, their speeches from the commencement of leadership until the fall of 2019 have been collected and analyzed The main sources of Imam Khomeini's(RA) statements include the website for the expansion of Imam Khomeini's(RA) opinions and ideas and the books "University and Academics", "The Mission of Cultivators and Academics from Imam Khomeini's Viewpoint" … and the main sources of the Supreme Leader's speeches include the books of “The Light of Knowledge”, “The Shadow of Guardianship”, and website of the Supreme Leader’s Office. To extract the social-cultural duties of students, 28 speeches from Imam Khomeini and 148 speeches from Imam Khamenei were examined using content analysis. The results indicate that the socio-cultural duties of students include "identity formation and motivation"(93.36%), demanding and questioning(55.29%); . Manuscript profile

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141 - Investigating the Role of Iran Railways in Supporting Veterans and Revolutionary Management of Transportation and Rail Communications in the 8 Years of Imposed War
nowruz hashemzehi Rasol Yahai

Holy Defense is one of the most important historical events in Iran, where many sacrifices were made to protect the homeland. During this period, although everyone effectively resisted the Iraqi Ba'athist army; But some devices played an organized role. One of these org More

Holy Defense is one of the most important historical events in Iran, where many sacrifices were made to protect the homeland. During this period, although everyone effectively resisted the Iraqi Ba'athist army; But some devices played an organized role. One of these organizations was the Railways of the Islamic Republic of Iran, whose activities are being investigated.The main approach of the research in this article is descriptive qualitative and the data have been collected with the help of documenting and phishing techniques from first and second hand sources and obtaining oral narration. The results show that the railway has played a role in supporting the war in both specialized and general sectors. Sending personnel to the battlefields, collecting and donating cash, collecting and sending machines and vehicles, forming eight bases, forming training classes, forming a relief and relief headquarters for the victims of missile attacks, creating a public shelter The use of buildings and places close to railways as a hospital is one of the most important types of public performance of the organization. Railway has been in the section of transferring specialized types of performance of the Railway Organization. Manuscript profile

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142 - EU-Iran relations in the light of transatlantic relations (Case study of the Obama and Trump eras)
Ebrahim Bagheri seyed Davood Aghaee

The present study seeks to answer the question why the European Union, despite its political will to expand relations with Iran and in particular its efforts to maintain BRICS within the framework of the designed mechanisms, failed to exercise its strategic independence More

The present study seeks to answer the question why the European Union, despite its political will to expand relations with Iran and in particular its efforts to maintain BRICS within the framework of the designed mechanisms, failed to exercise its strategic independence and fulfill its obligations within BRICS. The findings show that the EU's lack of strategic independence is due to the EU's transatlantic dependence on three levels of institutional security deficit, asymmetric interdependence in the economic sphere, and the preferences of EU transnational corporations in relation to US markets. At the level of the institutional security deficit; Given the United States' security umbrella and lack of military-defense independence, the European Union is forced to adjust its approaches to US interests and goals. At the economic level; The interdependence of economic, trade, and investment interactions on both sides of the Atlantic and the asymmetry of this relationship (US strategic economic superiority) have severely limited the possibility of EU economic action independence. The third level concerns the preferences of the market and the private and transnational corporations of the European Union and the rational and risk-taking pattern of companies under secondary US sanctions, which has been a major obstacle to the independence of the EU approach to Iran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is library. In this regard, books, articles, documents, Internet resources and comments of relevant officials have been used to collect data. Manuscript profile

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143 - Deterrence as a Security-defense Strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran: Challenges, Requirements, and its Strategic Model
Masomeh Ansarifard امیر محمد Haji-Yousefi

Since the collapse of the bipolar system and the change in "system arena" and "issues in the new world system", the Middle East has changed into one of the main bases for implementing the new deterrence strategy. Thus, the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is located in t More

Since the collapse of the bipolar system and the change in "system arena" and "issues in the new world system", the Middle East has changed into one of the main bases for implementing the new deterrence strategy. Thus, the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is located in the disputed region of the Middle East, has highlighted deterrence to ensure its security. The present qualitative study aims to see whether Iran's current strategy is consistent with the components of the “new deterrence” by considering identity-, authority-, and interest-based approaches in national, regional and international levels. In this regard, the main hypothesis raised is Iran's security-defense strategy is inspired solely by the military component of deterrence, not all of the new components of deterrence. In other words, the synergy of all dimensions including the military, political, and economic dimensions of Post-Cold War Deterrence did not exist in the strategic equation of Iranian deterrence,and deterrence for Iran has been a military response to deterrent actions of extra-regional adversaries and their regional allies.In this regard, the present study seeks to achieve a comprehensive understanding of deterrence and its evolution with a pathological approach in order to explain the appropriate model of deterrence in Iran. Based on the results, Iran's performance is more based on the requirements of asymmetric warfare than deterrence due to the increasing impact of both regional and international environments on the national environment.Further, the success of Iranian deterrence relies on the use of "deterrence with denial" versus "deterrence with punishment." Manuscript profile

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144 - Foreign policy and reproduction of the economic system in the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government
Behrouz Asa&amp;#039;di Hosein Pourahmadi

According to the evolution of the global political economy, proper understanding of the foreign policy category of the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government and its relationship with the economic system is doubly important. Cox's votes seem to provide a go More

According to the evolution of the global political economy, proper understanding of the foreign policy category of the Islamic Republic of Iran as an oil-based government and its relationship with the economic system is doubly important. Cox's votes seem to provide a good platform for understanding how this relates to us. The present article raises the key question of what effect does foreign policy have on the reproduction of the oil-based production system in the Islamic Republic of Iran? According to Cox's views, it seems that the structure of oil-based production, by establishing social relations of production and government configuration, has a fundamental impact on the formation of foreign policy in Iran, and in contrast, the action of foreign policy with its policies to It reproduces this economic system. In on this basis, the hypothesis of this study is that the action of foreign policy in Iran in the continuation of social relations of production, has sought to reproduce the structure of production and monopolize the government's use of oil resources. the purpose of this article is understanding the relationship between foreign policy and the oil-based production system in Iran, so it forms an exploratory research based on a retroductive strategy.The findings of the paper, with the emphasis on the Cox's views, show that the interests and tendencies of the dominant classes and social forces in oil-based social relations production in the Islamic Republic of Iran have a fundamental impact on foreign policy action in reproducing the oil-based economic system. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - The role of public diplomacy in the growth and development of economic relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Iraq(in the post-ISIS period 1400-1396)
Seyed Hamid Seyed Taghizadeh mahnaz goodarzi

Tehran-Baghdad economic relations in the post-ISIS period, by some social and identity challenges Like Arab and non-Arab issues, Shiite-Sunni challenges in the Sunni regions, the existence of Iranophobic ideas, differences in economic lifestyle, vulnerability Has been e More

Tehran-Baghdad economic relations in the post-ISIS period, by some social and identity challenges Like Arab and non-Arab issues, Shiite-Sunni challenges in the Sunni regions, the existence of Iranophobic ideas, differences in economic lifestyle, vulnerability Has been encountered. Therefore, given the importance of Iraq among the economic partners of Iran, reducing these challenges is very important for maintaining and developing economic relations between Iran and Iraq. Meanwhile, public diplomacy, which plays an important role in reducing identity gaps with foreign audiences, has been used mainly by Tehran to strengthen political and cultural relations with Iraq. Therefore, this study sought to answer the question, "What role does public diplomacy play in the iran's economic relations with Iraq?"Findings show that regulating the public diplomacy of Iran towards Iraq, In proportion to the existing social and identity challenges in the path of bilateral economic cooperations, Will have a positive impact on maintaining and developing bilateral interactions in this area. Accordingly, the preservation and development of Tehran-Baghdad economic relations by reducing different ideas and subsequently strengthening the common economic, cultural and political identity, by influencing the identity of the elites and the economic system of Iraq, Managing different business ethics and influencing the tastes of Iraqi consumers, reducing the effects of ethnic, religious and historical challenges on economic interactions, reducing the consequences of Iranophobia of rival countries on economic and trade activities, is including the results of public diplomacy to development of economic relations.This research is a qualitative research and the research method is descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

146 - The Behavior of the Foreign Policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran Towards the United Nations in the Years 2013 to 2021
fatemeh sadat mirkhan reza simbar Garineh Keshishyan Siraki Mohammadreza Ghaedi

The United Nations is one of the international organizations and the most important organization that consists of all countries of the world and its pillars play a key role in international relations. The Islamic Republic of Iran, like other countries in the world, is a More

The United Nations is one of the international organizations and the most important organization that consists of all countries of the world and its pillars play a key role in international relations. The Islamic Republic of Iran, like other countries in the world, is a member of this organization. Our country, Iran, as an ancient country and civilization, urgently needs a fundamental re-reading of its relations and attitude towards the United Nations and its pillars. The main purpose of this article is to analyze and recognize the behavior of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the United Nations in the period of 1392 (2013) to 1400 (2021); The main question is what was the attitude of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the United Nations in the years 1392 to 1400? The researcher tries to reach an appropriate answer to this question with a theoretical approach to defensive realism, and with a descriptive-analytical research method and data collection tools of libraries and Internet sites. The results of the research show that the main problem of Iran's foreign policy towards the United Nations is its sinusoidal nature. And the solution to this problem is that Iran can play a more effective role in the United Nations by changing its sinusoidal foreign policy towards the organization and trying to establish various consultations for its reform. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - Analysis and evaluation of US foreign policy towards Iran in the light of the benefit of smart power(2008-2020)
mojtaba romouk mashallah heidarpour Alireza Amini

Abstract This study tries to work on the US foreign policy on Iran based on Smart Power Theory. At the beginning of the 21st-century pivotal role of the US in globalization led to increasing the US power, credibility, and influence in the Middle East, so based on the US More

Abstract This study tries to work on the US foreign policy on Iran based on Smart Power Theory. At the beginning of the 21st-century pivotal role of the US in globalization led to increasing the US power, credibility, and influence in the Middle East, so based on the US strategy in the foreign policy this power converted from soft and hard power to the "smart power" toward regional countries and especially Iran.The main question of this study is:How we can evaluate US policy based on "smart power" against Iran between the years 2008 to 2020? The hypothesis of this research is on the US foreign policy strategy towards Iran which admits the change in the meaning and use of power by concentrating on "smart power" which became more obvious after 2008. The theoretical framework of this research tries to evaluate and review the US foreign policy based on smart power towards Iran with considering multiple variables The Literature Review of this study is on uses descriptive-analytical and documentary methods that proceed by Literature Review method . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Impacts of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 Programme on Foreign Policy Islamic Republic of Iran
Majid Abdollahi mohammadreza ghaedi maryam moradi

The influence of the foreign policy of any country on the actions and plans of other countries can move in positive or negative dimensions and show the behavior of governments in relation to each other. conciliatory or confrontational.In the Middle East region, we see d More

The influence of the foreign policy of any country on the actions and plans of other countries can move in positive or negative dimensions and show the behavior of governments in relation to each other. conciliatory or confrontational.In the Middle East region, we see different types of behavior and approaches in the foreign policy of the governments of this region. The plans that governments in this region are pursuing for development will affect foreign policy. The Saudi government has developed a Vision 2030 plan since 2016 in line with intra-country development measures and consequently to develop relations with its neighbors, as well as promote relations globally. So what is the main purpose of this article is to explain the effects of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 program on foreign policy.A.It's Iran. To investigate this objective, the research method is descriptive-analytical, which is compiled by the library method and the use of internet sites, the findings in question. The main question posed is the role of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 programme on foreign policy C.A.How is Iran? In this paper, the theoretical approach is to the theory of international regimes. The results of the research findings show that Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 program is based on the foreign policy approach of C.A.Iran and Saudi Arabia on foreign policy C.A.Iran is influential and foreign relations between both countries are affected by the program. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

149 - Explaining the change and continuity of Saudi Arabia's foreign policy approach towards Yemen; The role and impact of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Alireza Mohammadinigjeh Hossain Daheshiar nozar shafiee

Abstract With the onset of what is known as the Arab Spring, it was inevitable for Iran and Saudi Arabia to play a role. These two important countries in the region took completely different positions regarding the current developments in the crisis-affected countries, More

Abstract With the onset of what is known as the Arab Spring, it was inevitable for Iran and Saudi Arabia to play a role. These two important countries in the region took completely different positions regarding the current developments in the crisis-affected countries, including Yemen. After Iran's support for Ansarullah, Saudi Arabia launched a military attack on Yemen in April 2014. After 6 years of war, Saudi Arabia shifted towards engaging in political dialogue with the Yemeni side. The main issue of this article is why this change occurred. In response to this problem, using the explanatory-analytical method, it is argued that factors at three levels of analysis - domestic (Saudi Arabia), regional, and international - led to the Saudi military attack on Yemen and subsequent changes at these three levels. It is mentioned that this caused Saudi Arabia to opt for diplomacy. Meanwhile, Iran's role is examined at the regional level of analysis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

150 - Resistance (Moqavimat) strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East based on security theoryCopenhagen School (2019-2014)
Sadegh Shahvarpoor najafabadi حامد محقق نیا فریدون اکبرزاده

Simultaneously with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic, world powers tried to neutralize and stop the Islamic Revolution with various methods from military war to economic sanctions.In this situation, the More

Simultaneously with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1357 and the establishment of the Islamic Republic, world powers tried to neutralize and stop the Islamic Revolution with various methods from military war to economic sanctions.In this situation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, in order to maintain its security and life and to spread the discourse of the revolution, started the policy of forming resistance groups in the West Asian region.In this research, an attempt has been made to examine the regional policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the role of resistance groups in them, as well as the relationship between these policies and the Copenhagen security school.The main research question raised here is how to analyze the resistance strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Middle East region with the influence of the Copenhagen school.? Also, the hypothesis is proposed that it seems that the strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the military, economic, political and environmental fields in the Middle East region was formed under the influence of the theory of the Copenhagen school and the ideas of Bari Bozan. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - Foreign Relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Tajikistan; Convergence and Divergence
Habibollah Abolhassan Shirazi

Abstract: After the breakup of the Soviet Union and the emergence of the five new countries in Central Asia, a new chapter in Iran's relations with these countries arose. The issue of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Tajikistan has always been of grea More

Abstract: After the breakup of the Soviet Union and the emergence of the five new countries in Central Asia, a new chapter in Iran's relations with these countries arose. The issue of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Tajikistan has always been of great importance, first of all due to the historical, cultural and linguistic ties between the two countries, and the fact that Tajikistan is the only Persian language in Central Asia, which has a distinct status with other countries in the area. Central Asia is one of the areas that has a growing place in regional and international relations and is now considered one of the most important regional sub-systems. The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Tajikistan, on the one hand, is based on the convergence factors in the political, economic and cultural spheres of the opportunities and areas of influence and cooperation, and on the other hand, due to divergent factors, faces challenges and threats that faced about it. This has always been influential in the direction of Iran's foreign policy in Tajikistan. This paper identifies the most important factors of the convergence and divergence of the advancement of Iran's foreign policy to a general assessment of the policy adopted in Tajikistan. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

152 - The European Union’s Human Rights Policy towards Islamic Republic of‌ Iran and Saudi Arabia
زهرا الوندی داود کیانی

Abstract In recent decades, the important part of dominant soul of the relations between European Union-EU and other countries has been formed of the human rights subjects and problems. European Union, with the Maastricht Treaty in 1992, entered the respect conditions t More

Abstract In recent decades, the important part of dominant soul of the relations between European Union-EU and other countries has been formed of the human rights subjects and problems. European Union, with the Maastricht Treaty in 1992, entered the respect conditions to human rights for third world countries as essential element and also shows the high sensitive than to human rights subjects. Concerning the EU Relations with Islamic Republic of Iran and Southern States of Persian Gulf, it has always been truth. Current paper, reviews the European Union’s Human Rights Policy towards I.R. Iran and Saudi Arabia as Comparatively. This paper tries to analyze the violations of human rights standards, defined by European Union, towards Iran and Saudi Arabia and also reviews the effect of its behavior on foreign policy for European Union towards these two countries.   Key words: European Union, Human Rights Policy, Islamic Republic of Iran, Saudi Arabia.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

153 - Impact of Insecurity on Development of Neoterrorism in the Middle East An Approach to Iran and Saudi Arabia
Amir Heshmati Alireza Rezaei

DOR:20.1001.1.24234974.1398.12.45.3.4

Abstract Over the recent years, expansion of neo-terrorist groups in the Middle East has shaped a wave of various security threats in the area. Although credible news has been published on downfall and destruction of organizational and logistical cores of these groups i More

Abstract Over the recent years, expansion of neo-terrorist groups in the Middle East has shaped a wave of various security threats in the area. Although credible news has been published on downfall and destruction of organizational and logistical cores of these groups in Iraq and Syria, there are valid documents suggesting that scattered actions still continue by currents depended on ISIS. Various researches were carried out focusing on root causes of development of neo-terrorism and several measures were taken to confront terrorist acts. Nevertheless, at regional level, there is no effective experiment available on investigations and measures taken to identify the nature of insecurity. This is a qualitative research conducted with descriptive-analytic approach aimed at finding how did identity insecurity of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia influence the development of neo-terrorism in the Middle East? According to the researcher, unrestrained prevention of biographic narration by Iran and Saudi Arabia , added to creating identity insecurity for both countries, triggered or exacerbated the anxiety caused by shame in credence and regional behavior of these actors, prevented earning honor policy, and in an unplanned manner, led to development of neo-terrorism in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

154 - The Islamic Republic of Iran's Defensive Action against US Neoconservative Hegemony: From Post JCPOA to 2019
Younes Forouzan Abdolreza Alishahi Majid Rafiei

DOR:20.1001.1.24234974.1398.12.48.3.0

As neo-conservatives entered the White House, many of Barack Obama's policies of democracy, dialogue, and de-escalation replaced policies that actually exacerbated challenges with American rivals. For example, the intensification of economic competition with the People' More

As neo-conservatives entered the White House, many of Barack Obama's policies of democracy, dialogue, and de-escalation replaced policies that actually exacerbated challenges with American rivals. For example, the intensification of economic competition with the People's Republic of China, the failure of a strong alliance with the European Union, and ultimately the intensification of challenges with the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this article, the authors seek to answer the question of what is the policy of the Islamic Republic's approaches to US neoconservative threats, especially after Trump's entry into the White House. This article by using analytical-descriptive theory and written and virtual sources try to answer this question. The authors hypothesize that US threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran will never take place in the military dimension, and the findings of the article also show that the Islamic Republic of Iran's defense action against US military threats is based on three major principles. First, The Increasing Power of the Missile and Deterrent System of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Second; the broad coalition of Shiite resistance in the region; Third, the fragile nature of the United States in the region; and Fourth, the bitter experience of US presence in the region, especially Iraq and Afghanistan. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

155 - Russia's Policy in the Syrian Crisis and Its Consequences on Iran's National Interests
Rouhollah Darayandeh hamid ahmadi

Abstract In the past few years, the Syrian crisis has become one of the most important issues in the international system and has attracted worldwide attention. Syria has become competition field for the regional and international powers which each plays a role accordin More

Abstract In the past few years, the Syrian crisis has become one of the most important issues in the international system and has attracted worldwide attention. Syria has become competition field for the regional and international powers which each plays a role according to their goals and interests. Meanwhile, the Russian Federation has always been one of the most influential international players which has played a decisive role in this field. Hence, In this article the cause and manners of Russia's policies and actions toward the Syrian crisis have been studied. Besides, knowing the fact that developments in Syria and the Russian's approach to it, has direct and indirect implications for the national interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran, a comprehensive review of this topic has also been made. Anyway, the main issue is that what’s Russia's policy on the Syrian crisis and its consequences for Iran's national interests? The hypothesis suggests that Russia's policy in the Syrian crisis is an attempt to create a balance in the international system and confronting existing threats posed by the United States over the security and national interests of the country which is in line with Iranian policies that provide its national interests. Nevertheless, differences in the attitudes of the two countries and their types of activism can create challenges. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

156 - Cooperation of NATO with Persian Gulf Cooperation Council and Its Impact on Security of Iran
Ardeshir Sanaei Ehsan Taherimehr

Abstract: Current study is aimed at evaluating the cooperation of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) with Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and its influence on security of Islamic Republic of Iran in a descriptive method. The results of study show that close cooper More

Abstract: Current study is aimed at evaluating the cooperation of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) with Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and its influence on security of Islamic Republic of Iran in a descriptive method. The results of study show that close cooperation of Southern Persian Gulf Countries with NATO has negative impacts on security of Islamic Republic of Iran and so limits the interests of Iran in the region. In current situations the operations of NATO in the region are challenging to national interests of Iran, and the attitude of Iran toward NATO as an organization under the direct influence of the United States, is a completely controversial one. Military presence of all high-ranking NATO members in Persian Gulf and Oman Sea and existence of their different defense treaties with Iran’s southern neighbor countries and independent common-wealth ones in North of Iran, especially with Azerbaijan, are examples of the military presence of NATO and its high-ranking members in borders of Iran. This can be considered as a threat against security of Islamic Republic of Iran. Financial and army supports of the U.S and its allies for Iraq during imposed war, supports of most of high-ranking members of NATO on Iran oppositions, their supports for territorial claims of Arab Countries on Persian Gulf Islands, unprecedented selling of modern weapons and army facilities to GCC member-states, their overuses of the human rights subject against Iran as a political means, their accusations based on Iran’s achievement to mass destruction weapons or Iran’s supports for terrorist attacks, are among negative elements of NATO attitude toward Iran. Presence in defense and security treaties of the region is among the most critical strategies of Islamic Republic of Iran to overcome new threats and to defuse enemies’ plots on ignoring Iran in regional relations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

157 - Public Diplomacy and Soft Power with an Emphasis on Iran's Soft Power in Iraq
حسین رفیع Malihe Nikravesh

  Abstract Soft power as one of the components of international politics in the present era, has achieved high position, so that politicians are trying so much to achieve it. The reason for this can be searched in efficiency and success of soft power than classic More

  Abstract Soft power as one of the components of international politics in the present era, has achieved high position, so that politicians are trying so much to achieve it. The reason for this can be searched in efficiency and success of soft power than classical forms of power (Hard and Naked power). The Islamic Republic of Iran too needs to recognition, strengthening and application of soft power such as other politic units to improve its own national power by it. One of the countries which Iran has various sources of soft power in it is Iraq. Bilateral relations between Iran and Iraq, political and cultural history shared by the two countries shows that Iran has many political resources, cultural - religious and active diplomacy in Iraq. This paper was sought to analyze the public diplomacy as one of the components of soft power of Islamic Republic of Iran in Iraq, by considering the present backgrounds and strengthen these backgrounds after the Collapse of Baath regime. At this way, in regard to analytical data, major sources of Iran's soft power in Iraq and their effectiveness has been analyzed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

158 - A Survey on Iran-U.S Relationship in the light of the Strategic Culture
Soheil Godarzi Ahmad Soltaninejad Mostafa Zahrani Mohsen Eslami

Abstract: Describing the dominant patterns of Iran-U.S relations after triumph of the Islamic revolution and even explanation of current situation between the two states through conventional foreign policy and international politics will lead to inefficient and inadequa More

Abstract: Describing the dominant patterns of Iran-U.S relations after triumph of the Islamic revolution and even explanation of current situation between the two states through conventional foreign policy and international politics will lead to inefficient and inadequate researches. Although describing the historical facts and using realistic analyses to explain current non war- non peace situation are beneficent, but could not elucidate continuity of hostility situation between Iran and the United States. Analysis of this Iran-U.S extensive conflict and hostility requires focusing on material structures of power and geopolitical contrast in one hand and regarding the cognitive and nonmaterial fundamentals of action on the other hand. Without a doubt, current pattern of Iran-U.S relationship Influenced by both mentioned factors; this reciprocal process of impact with material and non-material elements of power and security have described this issue as a unsolved multi-faceted and multi-layered conflict. It seems that strategic culture framework as a pattern that mutually respect to state's objective, measurable and visible act alongside non material and invisible structures of practice can be useful to explain dimensions and causes of Iran-U.S conflict. According to this, the main agenda of this article is to illustrate a more detailed image about Iran-U.S conflict through a comparative Survey on elements and components of two state's strategic culture, with respect to significant security aspects of this conflict. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

159 - National Identity & Foreign Policy of the IR of Iran
Abolghasem Taheri Hossien Karimifard

Abstract This article attempts to analyze the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on national identity indicators. Iranian national identity is a knowledgeable subject based on shared understanding of issues of cognitive and other drawers. Iranian natio More

Abstract This article attempts to analyze the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on national identity indicators. Iranian national identity is a knowledgeable subject based on shared understanding of issues of cognitive and other drawers. Iranian national identity is based on their perception of the country and its image abroad. The hypothesis of this paper is that policy-making and how to conduct foreign policy in Iran has been influenced by notions of national identity.       Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

160 - The World Customs Organization with Implication of Obstacles of Iran Facing this Organization
Ali Tabatabaee Abbas Sabeti

Abstract The world customs organization was established with customs committee taken from trade and tariff general agreement in 1947, changed to customs council in 1952 and finally to the world customs organization in 1994 as a global and international institute. This More

Abstract The world customs organization was established with customs committee taken from trade and tariff general agreement in 1947, changed to customs council in 1952 and finally to the world customs organization in 1994 as a global and international institute. This organization has 162 members at the time being and it is the only authorized reference for the customs affairs in the world.  Iran was accepted as the official member of this organization and despite of existing challenges in the political and economic parts originated from its infrastructure, in the way of achieving of interests and advantages of this organization could not achieve to its best goals and purposes. Due to elimination of physical borders, the international organizations affects in achieving the national interest and also the role of global trade in national economics and countries development is much highlighted. Due to Iran regional and geographical advantages, Iran active presence necessity in the regional and international trade cooperation organization and access to the world up-dated science and technology for the country  preservation has come to the surface and role of customs gets more essential and sensitive, so rebuilding and mechanizing of the customs and creating the electronic trade and single window method of customs formalities could prevent the time killing and creating a secure space for creating trade competitive markets and attracting the regional foreign investments. In this paper, it is tried some of Iran facing challenges in this organization in the political and economical parts and existing legal obstacles would be mentioned.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

161 - Post JCPA prospect of Iran-Russia gas relations on strategic partnership model
Seyedhassan Mirfakhraei Omid Rahimi Arash Sefidi

Expeditiously regaining its position on the Energy market, Natural Gas has become a strategic commodity during recent decades. Hence Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation due to having this divine blessing, have got a special importance in this domain. Tho More

Expeditiously regaining its position on the Energy market, Natural Gas has become a strategic commodity during recent decades. Hence Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation due to having this divine blessing, have got a special importance in this domain. Though Iran has not benefited from this strategic commodity in the International fields as expected; The utilization has been just limited to domestic usage. However, signing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action(JCPA), made new ways for industrial developments and exports ahead of Iran. Alongside the west, one of the key players in this field, is the Russian Federation. Therefore, the question arises that what’s the perspective ahead on the post JCPA Iran-Russia gas relations and in this regard, what are the policy making requirements for strategic partnership? Responsively, considering the increase in gas export capacity from post-JCPA opportunities, the two countries will have a simultaneously competitive and cooperative atmosphere; Meanwhile, the dominance of competition or cooperation depends on the political and security considerations of the two countries on different levels. At the moment the changes in Syria and Ukraine crises have provided a fertile ground for cooperation. Accordingly, the relations have led to the strategic partnership, for preserving and promoting, the respective policy makers should consider some requirements in the document of future perspective for gas policies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

162 - The Rise OF ISIS and Its Impact on Foreign Policy of Islamic Republic of Iran
Ardeshir Sanaie Mona Kaviyanpor

Abstract Beginning of every crisis has different causes and factors, such as historical, geopolitical, economic, social and cultural. Sometimes, governments tend to bane their relation not only on formal grounds, but also they sometimes limited their compliancy from ter More

Abstract Beginning of every crisis has different causes and factors, such as historical, geopolitical, economic, social and cultural. Sometimes, governments tend to bane their relation not only on formal grounds, but also they sometimes limited their compliancy from terrorist groups in international relation of countries. ISIS is the most brutal terrorist organization among all armed groups in Middle East region. After America attacked, Al-Qaida in Iraq was the founder of the formation of the Islamic state. After Syria unrest intensifies, ISIS came from Iraq to Syria. Rise of ISIS in Iraq and Syria has different consequence in the Middle East and in most part of word. Several Countries have also been involved with ISIS phenomenon and inevitably in contrast of it they had various measures. Islamic Republic of Iran was directly at odd with ISIS, because its territorial integrity and political regime has challenged Iran’s regional allies. It was also a threat for Iran in terms of its ideology and security. Therefore, Iran's foreign policy is influenced by the emergence of the Islamic State was forced to apply strategies to deal with it. This article attempts to use the framework of constructivism to check the rise if ISIS and its impact in the foreign policy of Islamic republic of Iran in regional and international level. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

163 - The role of identity in shaping and guiding the policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in response to the Syrian crisis
saman mohammadi mahdi zakerian

The wave of revolutions in Arab countries has had a great impact on the strategic position and interests of Iran's regions. The most important of these waves is the arrival of its regional ally, Syria, led by Bashar al-Assad. From the beginning of the unrest, Iran's sup More

The wave of revolutions in Arab countries has had a great impact on the strategic position and interests of Iran's regions. The most important of these waves is the arrival of its regional ally, Syria, led by Bashar al-Assad. From the beginning of the unrest, Iran's support for the Syrian regime was clear. The Islamic Republic of Iran followed the developments in Syria with special care and sensitivity, and as an important regional actor and power, tried to take action in order to maintain strategic relations with this country and also to protect its national and regional interests. To take positions in support of the government of Bashar al-Assad in Syria. Therefore, the present article seeks to answer the question of what factors and requirements have influenced the policy and stance of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the Syrian crisis? The present article, while pointing to the realistic dimensions of Iran's foreign policy, based on the identity components of the Islamic Republic of Iran, analyzes the country's positions on the Syrian crisis. In general, the present study suggests that Iran's foreign policy, and in particular its participation in the Syrian civil war, reflects pragmatism aimed at maintaining the balance of power and maximizing its security while maintaining and expanding revolutionary identity (including religious ethics and normative values). ) have been. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

164 - Analysis of the content of the national security strategy of the United States of America towards the Islamic Republic of Iran (2001-2021)
Hossein Mozneb Mohammad Reza Ghaedi Reza Simber

PRB-2303-2429(R1)

After World War II, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America has always claimed supremacy in the international system and has explained its foreign policies based on the national security strategy in every presidential term. On the More

After World War II, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the United States of America has always claimed supremacy in the international system and has explained its foreign policies based on the national security strategy in every presidential term. On the other hand, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as a regional superpower, has been able to create a new form of regional order with its material and spiritual influence in West Asian countries. The conflict between the interests of the United States and Iran raises the question that the national security strategies of the United States of America during the years 2001-2021 have become in practice what strategies have they turned into in relation to Iran? In response to the proposed hypothesis, "The United States of America, by adopting its aggressive national security strategies towards Iran, is seeking to limit Iran's interests in the international system so that it can increase its interests and finally become the supreme hegemon in The international system should be transformed." After examining the sources of the first category indicators (economic and security strategies) with the method of integrated content analysis (quantitative and qualitative), the results showed: America initially follows the policy of changing Iran's behavior and containment, and then the policy of engagement and pressure And finally, it turned into containment and behavior change, and in order to implement these strategies during this period, it has imposed more and more diverse sanctions against Iran every year Manuscript profile

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165 - National Security of Israel and Strategy of Military Threat against Iran
Morteza Mahmoodi1

Israel is one of the most serious threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Since 1990 Israeli authorities have repeatedly announced that if Iran reach nuclear bomb and complete Bushehr nuclear plant, they will attack it. Iran's discourse after Islamic Republic revo More

Israel is one of the most serious threats against the Islamic Republic of Iran. Since 1990 Israeli authorities have repeatedly announced that if Iran reach nuclear bomb and complete Bushehr nuclear plant, they will attack it. Iran's discourse after Islamic Republic revolution have been deeply affected by cultural – religious factors, Independence and rejection of the hegemonic discourse, the discourse of Islamism and ethnic supremacy negation, the unity of the Islamic Forum and supportive discourses towards Palestinians and the elimination of Israel and the rejection of all foreign forces from the region which are caused by this issue. On the other side Israelis have announced their animosity towards Iran. Based on current discourse in Israel, Israeli authorities have said these reasons as their animosity towards Iran: Iran's support from Palestinian groups who are against Israel, Iran's opposition for Middle East peace process, Iran's reach to nuclear weapon. But from the evidence it can be seen that the main factor is nuclear weapon. Israeli authorities are worried about radical Islamism and nuclear weapon. The main cause of military threat of Israel towards Islamic Republic of Iran is ideological which should be said is forever. The main question of this research is that what is the main reason of military threat of Israel towards Iran? the hypothesis that answers this question is that the most important reason for Israel to threaten Iran is identity and fearing Iran to be nuclear and breaking its monopoly, increasing Iran's power and isolation of Israel in the region. Based on this, with securitization of Iran's issue and magnifying its threat on others minds Israel tries to use all the instruments again Islamic Republic of Iran, while Iran is pursuing peaceful nuclear energy for research and development. In this article we from Copenhagen School of thought the subject are examined. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

166 - Analyzing the approach of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Syrian crisis using the theory of resistance
Hasan Larti Hamed Mohagheghnia Rohollah Shahabinia Lena Abdolkhani

The conflict in Syria, which first started with popular protests and then led to a civil war and the confrontation of armed opposition and terrorist groups with Bashar al-Assad's government, involved many actors in this conflict. Some countries supported the opposition More

The conflict in Syria, which first started with popular protests and then led to a civil war and the confrontation of armed opposition and terrorist groups with Bashar al-Assad's government, involved many actors in this conflict. Some countries supported the opposition of Bashar al-Assad and made every effort to overthrow the ruling system. There were actors who took a step towards the support and survival of Bashar al-Assad's government. The Islamic Republic of Iran was one of the leading actors of this front, which, upon entering the conflict scene, played a key and undeniable role in changing the conditions of the war. This research is based on the basis of why the Islamic Republic of Iran had a direct participation in the Syrian war and what theory can explain and analyze this participation? To answer these questions, Iran's approach after the Islamic Revolution should be examined. An approach that is based on resistance, negation of the domination system, deterrence, fighting against the Zionist regime, supporting liberation movements and increasing regional influence and power. Therefore, with the escalation of the conflict and war in Syria, the Islamic Republic of Iran, which considered the destruction of the Syrian regime to mean the weakening and disintegration of the axis of resistance, the reduction of its deterrent power and regional power, by calculating the ideological, geopolitical and strategic commonalities between itself and the regime Syria had an active and decisive participation in the crisis and provided the basis for the survival of the Assad regime and its strategic alliance with Syria. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

167 - The influence of Islamic ideology as soft power in the future of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran with an emphasis on the horizon of 1404
Amir Sajedi Erfan Zandi

One of the major goals and policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the vision document of 1404 is to reach the first economic, scientific and technological position in the region of Southwest Asia. For this reason, the use of soft power can be effective in strengthe More

One of the major goals and policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the vision document of 1404 is to reach the first economic, scientific and technological position in the region of Southwest Asia. For this reason, the use of soft power can be effective in strengthening and expanding the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the region. Today, soft power is one of the new concepts that has a wide influence in countries because of its spiritual aspect. Soft power in foreign policy causes identification, development and strengthening of jihadist spirit and defense of the existence of the system and its ideals. The present article tries to deal with the influence of soft power in the future of Iran's foreign policy with a descriptive-analytical approach in connection with the vision document of 1404 and seeks to answer this question, the influence of soft power on the future performance of J.A.'s foreign policy. What is in the vision document 1404? The findings of this research show the deep influence of the Islamic and Shia elements of Iranian identity and the Islamic ideology of the Islamic Republic of Iran system as a soft power in the future of this country's foreign policy. Manuscript profile

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168 - Fighting methods in the field of political competitions of the Islamic Republic of Iran (case study: the period of reformists and fundamentalists)
علی جان مرادی جو

 Social forces are one of the most important ways to influence the process of political competition. Among the social forces, reformists and fundamentalists manage this influence through organizing these forces and by influencing the institutionalization of politic More

 Social forces are one of the most important ways to influence the process of political competition. Among the social forces, reformists and fundamentalists manage this influence through organizing these forces and by influencing the institutionalization of political participation through political parties and institutions and on the other hand, managing the activities of political organizations plays a role in the qualitative growth of political participation. They play a role. This process will eventually lead to political competition in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This article has been written with the aim of explaining the central slogan and methods of struggle in the field of political contests of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In terms of methodology, it is a descriptive-analytical study that has been used to collect information from library and documentary methods. In total, the results of the research show that the most important methods of reformists in political competitions are to use the press, to get the support of artists, writers, intellectuals and experts, to use the movements of women, students and youth, and the most important methods of fundamentalists in political competitions are to rely on mandatory votes. Use of religious boards and national media and white beard method to reach consensus. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

169 - The effect of Rentier government on the patterns of political participation (Case study: Iran, during the Islamic Republic)
shahram tahmasebi mehrdad javaheripour Reza Ali Mohseni Mohseni

The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of rentier government on participatory patterns in Iran. The theory of Rentier government is the main approach of the article. The research method is comparative, and the technique of collecting information is docume More

The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of rentier government on participatory patterns in Iran. The theory of Rentier government is the main approach of the article. The research method is comparative, and the technique of collecting information is documented. In this article the economic characteristics of Iran is examined. The results show that Iran has a Rentier economy that is highly dependent on the sale of oil. Rentier revenues have made Iran's governments not much dependent on tax revenues, and not dependent on the demands of the classes and social groups. The political participation of Iran has been influenced by the Rentier economy, and three participatory models have emerged in Iran, which are: (A) The pattern of antagonism that its followers are excluded from political participatory process; (B) The Political Non-Support Participation that is continually being absorbed and excluded from the mainstream of political power in Iran; (C) The Political Support Participation that is responsible for the production and reproduction of political forces who are followers of the political system; As a result of the supports by political system for the followers of this movement, they have achieved a comprehensive participatory pattern and a complete cycle of political participation. Manuscript profile

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170 - Rentierism and Political Development of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Said Baghkhani Majid kaffashi soroush Fathi

Nowadays, the importance of oil is no secret to anyone, and the consequences of its income are influential in the different areas of the social life of the exporting countries; therefore, it is futile to investigate these consequences regardless of the social and politi More

Nowadays, the importance of oil is no secret to anyone, and the consequences of its income are influential in the different areas of the social life of the exporting countries; therefore, it is futile to investigate these consequences regardless of the social and political conditions associated with the governments of the above-mentioned countries. Thus, this study has attempted to study rentierism and the political development of the Islamic Republic of Iran in order to identify threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths using a Delphi method. the Delphi method was used in the field of research and using the open-ended questionnaire, the experts in political sociology, economics and politics were asked questions in six stages of Delphi. In this regard, The most important opportunities: strengthing military power, providing ways to be independent politically and economically, appropriate international relations through income derived from natural resources; Threats: widespread intervention of foreign countries, reduction of national security, and lack of interaction with global economy; Strengths: formation of the middle class, social institutionalization, order and modern state; Weaknesses: lack of seriousness in receiving tax, concentration of resources in the hands of the government, and non-formation of indepdent social groups can be mentioned.  Manuscript profile

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171 - Discourse analysis of economic development from the point of view of su bdiscourses in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
sayyed ghaem mousavi Ahmad Azin masoud jafarnejad

In this paper,the concept of economic development is studied from the point of view of subdiscourses in the Islamic Repablic of Iran.The Islamic Repablic is devided into live periods to make the research task easy.The first period is the period of transition,establishme More

In this paper,the concept of economic development is studied from the point of view of subdiscourses in the Islamic Repablic of Iran.The Islamic Repablic is devided into live periods to make the research task easy.The first period is the period of transition,establishment and stability ,from the Islamic revoluthon to the collapse of Islamic Repablic party.The second period covers the death of imam Khomeini to the presidential period of Hashemi Rafsanjani.The third period is the eight years of Mohammad K hatamis government.The fourth one is the presidential period of Ahmadinejad.Finally,the fifth period is from the beginning of Rohanis government up to now. Theortical foundation of this paper is based on "laclau"and "Mouffe" discouse and the research methodology of this research is analytical-descriptive,and data,s have been collected by library notingThe obtained data shows that the concept of development in each discowse is highlited based on aspest,s school of thought and identity structure,and the other features are purposefully  or unintentionally ignored and put aside.The ignored features,were highited by the next discourse and suppressed the features of the current discourse in a way that,in each period ,approach to ward development was, simplistic,contrastive with an opposite nature.It lack a perfact and holistic approach. Manuscript profile

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172 - Studying the Reasons for Weakness in Communication and Not Having a Seat in the International Football Federation
Mostafa Mostafapour Mozafar Yektayar Mojghan Khodamoradpour Meisam Allahmoradi

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173 - Exploring Typology of Challenges to Fulfillment Cultural Policy Objectives In the Islamic Republic of Iran
Abdulrahman Afshari majid tavasoli Saeid Sharifi

 The purpose of this study was Exploring typology of challenges to fulfill Cultural policy objectives in Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population consisted of all experts, with 396 individuals selected as samp More

 The purpose of this study was Exploring typology of challenges to fulfill Cultural policy objectives in Islamic Republic of Iran. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population consisted of all experts, with 396 individuals selected as sample size. Data gathering tool was researcher-made questionnaire with 40-item based on interviews with political and cultural expert. Cronbach's alpha was higher than 0.7 for all dimension; content validity was confirmed by CVR coefficient. To analyze the research data the AIC method was used as a cluster criterion evaluation. The results showed that with 13 stages of rotation three clusters (141 persons), (191 persons) and (64 persons) including 7 dimensions, lack of political consensus, lack of integrated management, political identity, political performance weakness, competing political strife, political insecurity and Political attitudes, became distinct. The first group considered the factors of political identity, the second group the weakness of political performance and the third group identified lack of political support as the most important obstacle to Realizing cultural policy objectives in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the identity-seeking group, component of reinforcement of Western identity components in policy making, in the performance-seeking group, top-down cultural policy, and in the group of support-seeking, the tendency to resist through rituals was identified as the most important barrier to realizing cultural policy objectives.   Manuscript profile

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174 - Internal Disputes in the Political Structure and Challenges of Cultural Reproduction in the Islamic Republic of Iran
hojat kazwmi gholamreza basirniya

     After the victory of Islamic revolution; a system was enacted that claimed to educate human beings and Islamize all social affairs and all fields of society. Aimed at realizing these goals; various policies were made and came into force. Despite many More

     After the victory of Islamic revolution; a system was enacted that claimed to educate human beings and Islamize all social affairs and all fields of society. Aimed at realizing these goals; various policies were made and came into force. Despite many efforts; now it is obvious that the intended cultural objectives of Islamic republic of Iran have not been expectedly realized. This paper intends to investigate why there has been a challenge to the cultural reproduction process in the Islamic republic of Iran during the past three decades. The researchers have used a qualitative method and documentary studies and focused on the pluralization of internal structure of political system and its challenges to formulate, interpret, and administrate a consistent and efficient cultural policy. The studies indicate although there has been a relatively certain cultural pattern; cultural policies of Islamic republic of Iran in the last three decades were trapped both in compiling and administration levels and engaged in a disintegration and continuous ruptures and internal contradictions. Domination of this kind of conditions in the cultural policies will not be understood unless by putting the current trend of compiling and administration of cultural policies in the ground of political structure, internal contradiction and discourse disputes.    Manuscript profile

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175 - Study of Cultural and Religious Movements in Sudan with Emphasis on the Pathology of Cultural Diplomacy of Iran in This Country
mostafa ghasemi Mohammad ali Basiri enayat alah yazdani

One of the most important mechanisms and tools for attaining the goals of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iranian which are based on fostering the Iranian-Islamic culture is to develop and pursue an effective cultural diplomacy. This is of critical importa More

One of the most important mechanisms and tools for attaining the goals of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iranian which are based on fostering the Iranian-Islamic culture is to develop and pursue an effective cultural diplomacy. This is of critical importance in Sudan as one of the countries with the most permissive attitudes towards the Sufi movements. Despite the presence of two intellectual-cultural movements, Sufism and Shiasm in Sudan, currently the active presence of Wahhabi currents poses a serious threat to these two movements. It seems that pathology of the cultural diplomacy of Iran in Sudan could pave the way for development of cultural relations and countering the threats to the relationship between Iran and the Sudan.  In order to identify the opportunities and weaknesses of cultural diplomacy of Iran at Sudan, this study seeks to explain the cultural and religious movementsin this country. The main objective of this study is to answer the fundamental question of "what religious and cultural currents exist in Sudan?" The hypothesis of this paper is that three important cultural-religious movements are found in Sudan: Sufism, Shiasm, and Wahhabism. In this paper, descriptive-analytical method and library research were used to answer the main research question Manuscript profile

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176 - The Strengthening Criteria of Cultural Diplomacy in the Thoughts of Imam Khamenei
Mehdi Hedayati Shahidani danyal rezapoor ali golestani ali eskandarinasab

The Islamic Revolution has created a socio-cultural transformation in Iranian society that emphasizes cultural tools and dialogue in communication and interaction with other governments and nations. Based on the teachings of Islam, Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Leader More

The Islamic Revolution has created a socio-cultural transformation in Iranian society that emphasizes cultural tools and dialogue in communication and interaction with other governments and nations. Based on the teachings of Islam, Ayatollah Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution, attaches a special role and position to cultural elements in the social and political spheres. By emphasizing the innate and divine values that are common to all human beings, he has sought to awaken and educate the people and create unity among Muslims based on universal cultural values. Also Iran and, of course, its foreign policy have always considered certain cultural, identity and ideological principles due to their combination of two rich identities and cultural backgrounds, "Iranian source" and "Islamic source". This article, after examining the capacity created through civilized and religious sources and other cultural components for the foreign policy and diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, deals with the type of view and position of cultural diplomacy in Ayatollah Khamenei's thought. The main concern of this article is to answer the question: "What are the criteria for strengthening cultural diplomacy in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran according to the instructions Ayatollah Khamenei?" To answer this question, this article; It tests the following hypothesis: "The components of power-creating civilization in the context of cultural diplomacy are the basis for improving the performance and realization of the goals of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the age of globalization." Manuscript profile

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177 - Explaining Iranian Cultural Diplomacy towards Iran Phobia
Seyed Mehdi Mirmohammad sadeghi rahmat hajimineh

  It is one of the most important mechanisms and means of acquiring foreign policy goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the formulation, regulation and implementation of effective cultural diplomacy as a prominent example of the supreme diplomacy and its soft po More

  It is one of the most important mechanisms and means of acquiring foreign policy goals of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the formulation, regulation and implementation of effective cultural diplomacy as a prominent example of the supreme diplomacy and its soft power. Cultural diplomacy is conducted by governments, but it is sometimes performed by other non - governmental actors, which are regarded as a support for foreign policy objectives and means of public diplomacy. With the events of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, because of the nature of the revolution and ideological conflict with the USA, Western countries and their regional allies, Iran has been on the verge of fear as a form of Iran phobia, from opposites in the scope of States and Muslim and Non Muslim nations. The main question of this research is that “How was Iran’s cultural diplomacy confronting with Iran phobia? According to the research findings; which has been done using descriptive method; the research hypothesis is that, considering the favorable capacities of Iranian cultural diplomacy, the use of these capacities is passive because of the multiplicity of decision - making centers and has failed to serve as a tool in the service of public diplomacy and Iran's soft power, and using different tools, challenges to the Iran phobia and confront it. Manuscript profile

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178 - The Opportunities and Challenges of Cultural Diplomacy of Iran in Five Countries of Persian Gulf
hasan bashir hammad Husain Mo Mirfakhraei

The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as a cultural revolution, assumes the primacy of cultural relations over other types of international relations to the Iranian system. Thus, cultural diplomacy is becoming more and more important as the most prominent act of Iran's foreig More

The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as a cultural revolution, assumes the primacy of cultural relations over other types of international relations to the Iranian system. Thus, cultural diplomacy is becoming more and more important as the most prominent act of Iran's foreign policy in its relations with neighboring countries. In the present study, cultural diplomacy in Iran has been explored in the Persian Gulf Arab countries, in order to identify its opportunities and challenges.The opportunities included in the two general "potential" and "actual" fields are some of which are: the existence of common cultural and social components between the Arab Gulf states, and between these countries and Iran, Iran's longstanding communications and popular relations between with the region and capacity of the Iranian and Gulf communities to help improve communication. Challenges are divided into three general categories: "insight", "orientation" and "action". The most significant challenges in this regard are: cognitive shortcomings (inadequate, old, etc.) about culture, cultural policy, and the coordinates of the Persian Gulf region, as well as the lack of consideration of desirable cultural performance requirements and the repetition of inappropriate processes. Manuscript profile

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179 - Telework in I.R.I.B and the role of information technology
Amir Hossein Asadi Elham Khosravi

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180 - Reform of government public system and its authority in the globalization process With an emphasis on the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran
فرامرز عطریان محمد مهدی غمامی

With the arrival of the twenty-first century, public system, national governments were the result of the Treaty of Westphalia has evolved browsing, and its exclusive authority in favor of a world order being created and lost human values addressing. Nation - state indic More

With the arrival of the twenty-first century, public system, national governments were the result of the Treaty of Westphalia has evolved browsing, and its exclusive authority in favor of a world order being created and lost human values addressing. Nation - state indicators seventeenth century, now in its elements in different ratios have been changes in terms of uniqueness. The changes of governments to monopolize decision-making domestic and international system of international law to nationals along with other international actors has become. The nationality of variables that sometimes the integrity of a nation - state to re-examine gives and Its intended to impose order and limitations, particularly due to questions of human rights and peace have faced. These reforms in process of building the state on the basis that it "globalization" can be named is an analysis and study. In this paper, authors legal analysis will respond to the question, "In the process of globalization, the construction requirements imposed on State and how to identify existing challenges, take advantage of opportunities?". Manuscript profile

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181 - Relationship between development and quality of governance from the perspective of political economy (Case study: Islamic Republic of Iran)
Dariush hoshmand nanekran mohanah hosein esmaeili sangari rasol hasanian zaviye

Political economy deals with the interaction of economics and politics, in which, ultimately, a political agenda is provided for the economy. From this point of view in contemporary times, various efforts have been made by Iran for sustainable development and several de More

Political economy deals with the interaction of economics and politics, in which, ultimately, a political agenda is provided for the economy. From this point of view in contemporary times, various efforts have been made by Iran for sustainable development and several development plans have been written, but what is observed in practice not only does not have development, but has also been added to the country's problems. While explaining why, many factors may be involved, but since the Islamic Republic of Iran is considered as one of the developing countries, one can not overlook the special role of the government in development or inadequate development. Therefore, the present study, aimed at the pathology of non-development of Iran, presents the main question of how can Iran's failure to achieve sustainable development be assessed? In response to the above question, the research hypothesis states that the lack of attention to good governance indicators and in accordance with it, the low quality governance in Iran is one of the important factors that can contribute to this failure. The research method used in this research is descriptive-analytic and its framework is based on a library-based political economy. Manuscript profile

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182 - The role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in the neoclassical realism approach of Iran's foreign policy
seyed mahmoud kamalara

10.30495/psq.2023.1991034.2217

Neoclassical realism, based on the anarchic nature of the international system, has always been criticized by non-realists. Some theories consider neo-realism to be indifferent to the construction of the state and the internal factors affecting its behavior. This theory More

Neoclassical realism, based on the anarchic nature of the international system, has always been criticized by non-realists. Some theories consider neo-realism to be indifferent to the construction of the state and the internal factors affecting its behavior. This theory is a combination of classical realism and neorealism, which considers the structure of the international system and internal factors.Therefore, the main goal of this research is to examine the role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in the foreign policy of the Iran to examine, to examine the objectives, decision-making process and foreign policy behaviors of the iran, as well as to examine the sum total of the structure of the international system, systematic levels, and some effective internal factors in the foreign policy of the iran from the theory of neoclassical realism. We will use the method of examining dependent elements, especially the internal factors affecting the foreign policy of iran, to examine specific cases and existing examples, and the place of this theory and the role of internal factors, governing institutions and influential figures in foreign policy.The results of this research show that, considering the sensitive events in the foreign policy of the Iran, important and influential figures have a definite impact on the decision-making process and behavior of the foreign policy, and it can be said that the two components of the structure of the international system and internal factors are always He has drawn the shape of the behavior of the foreign policy of iran. Manuscript profile

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183 - Investigation of Hirmand Hydropolytic Effect on National Security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
farhad gorgij ziya khazaei

The fresh water in the earth's surface forms only three percent of the total population. The difficulty of the situation becomes apparent when it comes to the unequal distribution of water in different areas, and the increasing population growth and the increasing consu More

The fresh water in the earth's surface forms only three percent of the total population. The difficulty of the situation becomes apparent when it comes to the unequal distribution of water in different areas, and the increasing population growth and the increasing consumption of water in various fields have led to the emergence of sensitive conditions. Which many economists from the 21st century called the Hydropolitan Century. Therefore, in the relations of political units in areas where rainfall is low, water will create future tensions. The purpose of this research is descriptive-analytical study of the effect of hydro-polytechnic of the Hirmand River on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. We seek to answer this question. What impact of the hydropolitic of the Hirmand River on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? It seems that Hirmand hydro-politics in various aspects of political, military, economic, cultural and especially environmental affects the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran and cooperation in the Hirmand joint area requires attention to the approach to environmental security and the search for solutions for joint cooperation Within the framework of this approach. Manuscript profile

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184 - Comparative study of Islamic Republic of Iran and EU's foreign policy on ISIS crisis from the point of view of Defensive Realism
Mohammadmehdi Ghasemi aliabadi Hossein Masoudnia Seyyed Javad Emam jomezadeh

The post-age period means going beyond ISIS and a period in which ISIS and ISIS's existence are not existential and somewhat ambitious. Its postmodern age will be an era in which frictions are more compact and open space becomes much more direct. In other words, ISIS ha More

The post-age period means going beyond ISIS and a period in which ISIS and ISIS's existence are not existential and somewhat ambitious. Its postmodern age will be an era in which frictions are more compact and open space becomes much more direct. In other words, ISIS has now failed in Syria, and as it moves away, there will be renewed issues and revival of disputed issues between the Syrian oppositionists and Assad. The Syrian crisis has affected Iran and has created challenges in relations between the two countries. The approaches followed by Iran in recent years in the field of foreign policy are rooted in the historical issues and the behavior of policymakers and the motives of the two countries. On the other hand, the European Union, which somehow had a French influence in Syria and now has economic and ... relations with this country, although dissatisfied with the existence of the central government of Damascus under the leadership of the Assad dynasty, It seeks to create a strong security blockade against the influence of the terrorist elements of the Middle East. In this article, we are trying to answer the following question: what are the foreign policies of the regional power of Iran and the transatlantic power of the European Union in relation to Syria? What are their goals? What are the consequences of these goals and the route to them? Manuscript profile

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185 - Threats of the israeil and strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran to deal with it
omid jafarzadeh ahmad azin masoud jaafarinejhad

Since the formation of the Islamic Revolution because of the role of ideological issues, there has been a deep opposition between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Zionist regime. The Zionist regime has seen the Islamic Republic of Iran in contradiction with its nati More

Since the formation of the Islamic Revolution because of the role of ideological issues, there has been a deep opposition between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Zionist regime. The Zionist regime has seen the Islamic Republic of Iran in contradiction with its national security and interests, and as a result of this, it has tried to counteract the Islamic Republic of Iran by various strategies. Regarding this, the main question of the present article is that what is the Islamic Republic of Iran's software solutions to deal with the threats of the Zionist regime? In response to this hypothesis, the use of the potential of Shia Islam and Islamic teachings, along with the formation of the resistance front, are the main pillars of Iranian soft power in countering the threats of the Zionist regime. In this article the main objective, the outlines of the Islamic revolution's soft power in the face of the threats of the Zionist regime, and this would be the result that use soft power by the Islamic Republic of Iran, and decrease the security threats of the Zionist regime. The research method is descriptive-analytic and based on library studies Manuscript profile

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186 - A comparative analysis of nuclear discourse of president Rouhani and discourse of the Islamic revolution in Iran
mahdi soltani gerdfaramarzi اکبر li احمد بخشایش اردستانی سوسن صفاوردی

This research investigates nuclear discourse of president Rouhani and compares it with discourse of the Islamic revolution in Iran affected of discourses of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei leaders of the Islamic revolution and principles of the constitution about f More

This research investigates nuclear discourse of president Rouhani and compares it with discourse of the Islamic revolution in Iran affected of discourses of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Khamenei leaders of the Islamic revolution and principles of the constitution about foreign policy. The research method is discourse analysis. The researcher explains articulation of foreign policy of the Islamic republic of Iran as a discourse based on maintain of the system of the Islamic republic and principles of god-centeredness, world arrogance confrontation, independent, dignity with wisdom and expedient and fighting domination. The research explains nuclear discourse of president Rouhani as a discourse based on interactivity and detention and principles of national interests, national security, removing sanctions, supports of the leader, win-win strategy and development and growth. According to the research, nuclear discourse of president Rouhani has been a tactic in parallel with purposes of the foreign policy of the Islamic revolution and despite of some severities and weaknesses in matching is not in conflict with the discourse of Islamic revolution. Manuscript profile

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187 - US internationalism after eleven septamber and the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic (Structural or neoclassical approach?)
mohsen jamshidi Hamid Reza saeedy nezhad

Elleven septamber was just an accident, and the aftermath has been more of a reaction to the incident. The Islamic Republic has acted briefly in the neo-realist post eleven septamber era after eleven septamber, but based on the ideological approach of the Islamic Revolu More

Elleven septamber was just an accident, and the aftermath has been more of a reaction to the incident. The Islamic Republic has acted briefly in the neo-realist post eleven septamber era after eleven septamber, but based on the ideological approach of the Islamic Revolution, the country has always acted contrary to this theory and can be based on its performance as well as the data discussed in the research. Neoclassical realism has been the basis of Iran's foreign policy since eleven septamber. Iran's efforts to increase its regional role are aimed at enhancing relative security (defense realism). Following the Islamic Revolution and the ideological and strategic conflict with the United States, Iran sought to strengthen its asymmetric capability in the Middle East (aggressive realism) in order to weaken its military against the United States and confront the Western economic war. Supporting regional resistance groups irrespective of their ideology (religious sectarianism), the production and use of simple, low-cost weapons, and the proliferation of such weapons in the region (tendency and tendency for regional hegemony) are two important tactics in Iranian military doctrine. The battle is asymmetric. The author of the qualitative study and the descriptive-analytical approach will attempt to answer the existing question and prove his hypothesis through the data in question. Manuscript profile

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188 - The Impact of Identity Confrontation between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia on Regional Security Policies of the Two Countries (Case Study of Yemen)
Saeed totonchi Majid golparvar ALi bagherizadeh

10.30495/psq.2023.1987311.2206

One of the most important of them has been formed in Yemen. This research tries to answer the question of the identity-seeking confrontation between Iran and Saudi Arabia on the transformation of the regional security policies of the two countries by applying the constr More

One of the most important of them has been formed in Yemen. This research tries to answer the question of the identity-seeking confrontation between Iran and Saudi Arabia on the transformation of the regional security policies of the two countries by applying the constructivist theoretical framework and using the descriptive-analytical method. And what consequences has it had in the developments in Yemen? The hypothesis of the research shows that the regional security policies of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran, affected by the identity-seeking confrontation of the two countries, have moved in the opposite direction during the past decade and have caused and intensified conflicts in the region. Clearly, the identity conflict between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia has led to the intervention and conflict of the two countries in Yemen, so that after nearly a decade since the beginning of the crisis in this country, there is no clear prospect for its solution and management. to be The expansion of Shiism in the Islamic Republic of Iran against the Wahhabism of Saudi Arabia, a different view of the West, and the confrontation and proxy wars in some countries in the region such as Syria and Yemen are among the most important effects of the identity-seeking confrontation of the two countries on politics. The regional issues of the two countries - religious politics, looking towards the West and proxy conflicts in the region - have been. Manuscript profile

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189 - Educational Institution and the Need to Adopt a comprehensive identity Policy to Strengthen National Identity in Iran
Majid Abbaszadeh Marzbali

This article seeks to answer the question of how the institution of education can strengthen national identity in Iran. In general, according to this study, the institution of education as one of the most important factors in the transmission, development and promotion More

This article seeks to answer the question of how the institution of education can strengthen national identity in Iran. In general, according to this study, the institution of education as one of the most important factors in the transmission, development and promotion of culture, plays a key role in strengthening national identity and therefore no country, including Iran, can not benefit from this institution, To strengthen national identity. But the main point here is that this institution has weaknesses and shortcomings in the field of identity policy in the Islamic Republic, which has negatively affected its functioning in the field of promoting national identity. In general, the model of identity policy in the educational institution in the mentioned period, due to selectivity and one-sided emphasis on the Islamic dimension of national identity, has not been able to strengthen the tendency of many Iranians towards national identity as it should be. As a result, the strength of Iran's national identity will help. This has made it necessary to adopt a comprehensive and appropriate identity policy in this institution. Accordingly, the State of the Islamic Republic of Iran, as the custodian of education and training in Iran, can only adopt a non-selective identity policy in the institution of education in which attention is paid to all elements and components of Iran's national identity. It can help increase Iranians' belonging to their national identity and thus strengthen Iran's national identity. It should be noted that this article uses a descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile

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190 - Basic components of media policies and the position of the Islamic Republic of Iran towards the free flow of information
Mohammad-Ali Gholizadeh Hadi Khaniki Feruz Rad Morteza Mohammadzadeh

10.30495/psq.2022.1942337.2118

New communication technologies have realized the idea of a global village. technical innovations have created new conditions in the media sphere, contributed to the growth of the media, and changed the view of information exchange, regulation, and government policy in t More

New communication technologies have realized the idea of a global village. technical innovations have created new conditions in the media sphere, contributed to the growth of the media, and changed the view of information exchange, regulation, and government policy in this area. These changes have forced planners and decision makers to create an efficient and appropriate model for managing and organizing this space. The free flow of information has also challenged the power of governments and made the media policy-making process particularly important. This study seeks to answer the question: what are the basic components of the media policies of the IR-Iran in the field of press and social networks? What is the system's media policy towards the free flow of information? hence, the theoretical approach of the network community was used. To conduct this qualitative research, various data were collected and analyzed using library and documentary sources. In this regard, citing Article 110 of the Constitution, and using the environmental scanning method, the leadership statements were examined. Extracted themes were coded by thematic analysis method, which resulted in extracting the basic themes of media policies and categorizing them into comprehensive themes (Political, economic, social and moral). The findings indicate 13 main components of the media policy of the IR-Iran in the field of press and social networks. Also, due to the emphasis on the justice and the two-way flow of information, these policies are closer to the opponents of the free flow of information. Manuscript profile

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191 - The relationship of social networks and national order in the Islamic Republic of Iran
amirhossein ebrahimyazdi Mohammad Ali samiee seyed zakaria mahmoudi raja

The simultaneous introduction of social networks in the governance of the Islamic Republic of Iran with events such as some irregularities and protests bring to mind that social networks in Iran are challenging order and stability. this research has tried to answer the More

The simultaneous introduction of social networks in the governance of the Islamic Republic of Iran with events such as some irregularities and protests bring to mind that social networks in Iran are challenging order and stability. this research has tried to answer the question, "What is the relationship between social networks and national order in the Islamic Republic of Iran?" For this purpose, a conceptual framework of the relationship of social networks with the national order was drawn and then examined from the point of view of the elites. In this research, the data collection is in the form of documents that have been analyzed in a semi-structured way through interviews with elites, and the results have been written in descriptive-analytical form. The hypothesis of this research was that social networks are the cause of disorder. This research clarifies that social networks do not have an independent factor in creating order or disorder, but the characteristics and functions of social networks cause the intensification, expansion and temporal continuation of systematic or disorder-based content. Therefore, social networks in the form of tools can have a positive and negative effect on the national order of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

192 - Identifying the drivers of Pan-Kurdism in relation to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Reza Parsay Ali Mortazavian , Mohammad Rahim Eyvazi

10.30495/psq.2021.684546

Background and Aim: The future is uncertain, and scenarios teach us to think about the unknown, to unravel today's cumbersome assumptions, and to be able to identify the discontinuities that may change our world. Accordingly, in order to predict the security situation o More

Background and Aim: The future is uncertain, and scenarios teach us to think about the unknown, to unravel today's cumbersome assumptions, and to be able to identify the discontinuities that may change our world. Accordingly, in order to predict the security situation of the country in the coming years and design appropriate security scenarios, it is absolutely necessary to pay attention to the ethnic situation and ethnic challenges. The purpose of this study is to identify the drivers of pan-Kurdish ideology in relation to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran.Method: This research is applied in terms of nature and purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. Its statistical population is in the form of a panel of experts according to the futures research approach. The drivers of this research were identified by cross-matrix method using Mick Mac software.Findings: The findings of this study showed seven variables: the involvement of foreign factors, the activities of Kurdish-language satellite networks, the development of virtual networks, underdevelopment, the substitution of Persian instead of the native language, regional competition and the effects of Iraqi Kurdistan. They were identified as key variables extracted from Mick Mac software in the form of three economic, political and cultural drivers.Conclusion: The results of this study also indicate that all seven variables identified by Mick Mac software are consistent with the realities and situation of pan-Kurdism in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

193 - The effect of cyberspace in reducing the tendency of Iranian users towards national identity and the need for adopt a Favorable media policy
Majid Abbaszadeh Marzbali

10.30495/psq.2022.1967270.2166

Cyberspace as an emerging reality with its functions and shaping cross-border interactions, has been able to affect various aspects of human life, one of the most important of which is the field of national identity. The argument here is that borderless communication in More

Cyberspace as an emerging reality with its functions and shaping cross-border interactions, has been able to affect various aspects of human life, one of the most important of which is the field of national identity. The argument here is that borderless communication in cyberspace has led to changes in people's attitudes toward their national identity, and has therefore left many societies in the throes of a national identity crisis. The main point here is that cyberspace has also influenced the tendencies towards national identity in Iran, so that as a result of this influence, many Iranians have been exposed to fundamental questions about their national identity. In other words, the expansion of cyberspace and Increasing its use in Iran has been able to reduce the tendency of many Iranian users to their national identity. This situation has made it necessary for the State of the Islamic Republic to adopt appropriate policies in various fields in order to meet this challenge, which is one of the most important areas, the field of media. The present study believes that the State of the Islamic Republic, by reforming its approaches and policies in relation to broadcasting organization and cyberspace, can help strengthen the tendency of members of Iranian society to their national identity and prevent a national identity crisis in the country. It should be noted that the method of this article is descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

194 - Security literacies effective in preventing unrest in the Islamic Republic of Iran
mahmoud asgari mojtaba asadpour

10.30495/psq.2022.1962103.2159

Security is one of the key needs of human societies and one of the important goals of governments is to provide and maintain it. Security depends on mapping various factors and processes. Most studies focus on security factors and security forces. Given what has been sa More

Security is one of the key needs of human societies and one of the important goals of governments is to provide and maintain it. Security depends on mapping various factors and processes. Most studies focus on security factors and security forces. Given what has been said, the research question is that apart from the factors mentioned, what variables play a role in creating security and preventing unrest? In line with the above issue, the author has raised the main question: what is the role of security literacies in preventing unrest in the Islamic Republic of Iran?To answer this question, the author first provides definitions of security literacies by examining credible domestic and foreign documents and sources, and then explains the role of these literacy in preventing unrest. In order to validate the theoretical findings, the author prepared a researcher-made questionnaire and distributed it among 50 related experts.The findings of the research confirmed by experts and specialists show that there is a significant and direct relationship between the level and level of security literacies in society and the prevention of unrest. In other words, the amount and quality of social security literacies is one of the factors determining the country's ability to prevent unrest. Institutionalizing and internalizing security literacies provides a good platform for the security and safety of society in the face of challenges such as unrest or preventing its escalation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

195 - Prospects for Iran-US political, economic and security relations in the Middle East by 2026
asghar rajabi dehborzoei Mohammad Bidgoli

10.30495/psq.2022.1957556.2151

Undoubtedly, the Middle East is one of the most important regions that has attracted the attention of many international actors. The United States has been one of the most important trans-regional actors involved in the political, security and economic equations of the More

Undoubtedly, the Middle East is one of the most important regions that has attracted the attention of many international actors. The United States has been one of the most important trans-regional actors involved in the political, security and economic equations of the region. The purpose of this study is to answer the fundamental question of what is the direction of the political, economic and security relations between Iran and the United States by 2026? In this article, we study this issue with a descriptive-analytical method, relying on written library resources and online articles. The results of the present study, taking into account the view of Alexander Went, confirm the dominance of the Hobbesian view or hostility over the Kantian view or friendship. Among the issues that have affected Iran-US relations and made the Hobbesian view of hostility or hostility prevail are the existence of fundamental ideological conflicts between the ideals of the Islamic Revolution and the American liberal system, the position of Israel and the Zionist lobby against Iran, the influence of the Gulf countries. Fars and led by Saudi Arabia, economic sanctions, threats of regime change, support for opposition groups, the martyrdom of Sardar Soleimani, Iran's isolation in the international arena and the US unilateral withdrawal from the Borjam agreement, which could improve relations between Iran and America is inconceivable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

196 - The Role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Deterring the US Military Presence in the Persian Gulf after September 11, 2001
Aliasghar Ghaffari Hassan Khodaverdi Garineh Keshishyan Siraki

10.30495/psq.2021.1946370.2128

One of the issues that has always affected Iran's national security is the US military intervention in the Persian Gulf region. Today, this country is the biggest extra-regional threat in the Persian Gulf against Iran's national security. Iran has always strived to main More

One of the issues that has always affected Iran's national security is the US military intervention in the Persian Gulf region. Today, this country is the biggest extra-regional threat in the Persian Gulf against Iran's national security. Iran has always strived to maintain and enhance its deterrent capability against the US military presence in the Persian Gulf region. This study seeks to answer the question of what is the role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in deterring the US military presence in the Persian Gulf region? Using descriptive-analytical method to test the hypothesis and library method and taking notes to collect data and use the statements of the theory of threat balance, This result was obtained that the Islamic Republic of Iran while making optimal use of its geopolitical and geostrategic position in The Persian Gulf region, with the development of its naval, air, land and missile power, along with the use of asymmetric warfare strategy and the use of proxy forces, as well as pursuing friendship diplomacy with the countries of the Persian Gulf region, has sought to implement a no-access strategy in the Persian Gulf region to create an effective balance of threat against the threat of US military presence, to increase its deterrent power against this country, especially in the military field. The actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran strengthened the national security of this country and, in turn, posed a serious challenge to the effective US military presence in the Persian Gulf region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

197 - Sports diplomacy, a strategy to improve political relations with Saudi Arabia
Mohammad Bidgoli asghar rajabi dehborzoei Abdullah Iraqi

10.30495/psq.2023.1985852.2203

The relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia have faced many challenges in the last few decades. The use of sports and sports diplomacy has recorded a documented experience in the history of world sports diplomacy. Based on this, the current resea More

The relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia have faced many challenges in the last few decades. The use of sports and sports diplomacy has recorded a documented experience in the history of world sports diplomacy. Based on this, the current research seeks to answer the question of how sports diplomacy can be a suitable strategy for improving political relations with Saudi Arabia. The findings of the research, taking into account Alexander Van Moyd's point of view, are the predominance of Kantian's point of view or friendship over Lackey's point of view or competition based on sports diplomacy. In this article, according to the strategic requirements and regional considerations of Tehran and Riyadh, which want to normalize relations and end several years of hostility and competition, we use a descriptive-analytical method, relying on written library sources and internet articles on sports diplomacy. We have used it as a suitable strategy to improve political relations with Saudi Arabia. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

198 - State and society of the era of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the framework of Joel Migdal theory
Hasan Baratipour ahoura rahbar morteza manshadi

10.30495/psq.2023.1989018.2208

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the government and the society of the era of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the framework of Joel Migdal's theory. In response to the question that according to Migdal's model, what is the relationship More

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between the government and the society of the era of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the framework of Joel Migdal's theory. In response to the question that according to Migdal's model, what is the relationship between the government and society in the period of the Islamic Republic? This research was carried out with a sociological approach, in the framework of Joel Migdal's theoretical consideration and in the form of a qualitative method of the government and society of Iran during the Islamic Republic, using the method of document collection of information, and based on the results, it was determined that in the mentioned period, the government of Formed formal and informal institutions, and the existence of a Weblike society, have been an obstacle for the formation of a strong and development-oriented government towards change and transformation, and the relationship between the government and society has had differences in the components considered by Migdal. Thus, the government in the components of the ability to influence the society (unsuccessful); and distribution/allocation of resources (unsuccessful), however, it has performed relatively successfully in resource extraction (successful), and in the component of social control. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

199 - Pathology of Cultural Policy Making in Islamic Republic of Iran
Morteza Moghtadaie Alireza Azghandi

Cultural policies are the most important policies in public authority settings. Therefore based on a definition posed by UNESCO (Stockholm Conference, 1998) culture and cultural politics are not considered as peripheral but are the main concerns in sustainable developme More

Cultural policies are the most important policies in public authority settings. Therefore based on a definition posed by UNESCO (Stockholm Conference, 1998) culture and cultural politics are not considered as peripheral but are the main concerns in sustainable development of the countries. Thus to measure and evaluate the success or failure of policy in the field of culture we need to have a realistic look at pathology policies to be achieved; So our aim is to investigate the relationship between culture and politics and damage to cultural policy in Islamic Republic of Iran by using descriptive – analytical method and analysis of the data gathered using the library method. The findings suggest that many problems exist in field of cultural policy in the sectors related to theoretical studies and formation, implementation and evaluation. Therefore it should be considered seriously and appropriate solutions should be presented afterwards. According to the researchers require a favorable policy conditions.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

200 - Securitization Approach of NATO and Islamic Republic of Iran
Masoud Motallebi Majid Gholami

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the virtual neighbor of Islamic Republic of Iran, is cooperating with all our land and water borders. This organization, in its newest strategic notion, made efforts through a more political and global interpretation of its More

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the virtual neighbor of Islamic Republic of Iran, is cooperating with all our land and water borders. This organization, in its newest strategic notion, made efforts through a more political and global interpretation of its missions to provide the ultra-geographical legitimacy throughout the world. On the other hand, Islamic Republic of Iran and its resultant political Islam achieved more dynamic regional and international attendance following stability periods; thus, due to substantial differences of standards and thought criteria, it is identified as NATO’s ideological rival. In this regard, this paper studies the relationship of the third generation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization with Islamic Republic of Iran and raises the main question of what is the strategy of more political and global NATO versus Iran. Research main hypothesis, regarding content analysis and library method, is “the North Atlantic Treaty Organization tries to introduce Iran as a regional and global crisis by “securitization” strategy and geopolitically isolates Islamic Republic of Iran”. The findings demonstrate that NATO’s activities in recent years and developed military cooperation, information and security sharing with Iran’s neighbors can be analyzed; therefore, it is necessary that the authorities, mainly considering NATO’s activities across borders, identify and operationalize the strategy versus the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

201 - Constructivism and the Logic of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia Confrontation
Mohammad Reza Dehshiri

Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia as two regional and influential powers in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region have always had a tensional and confrontational rivalry towards each other, to the point that we can say that the competition and the divergence c More

Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia as two regional and influential powers in the Middle East and Persian Gulf region have always had a tensional and confrontational rivalry towards each other, to the point that we can say that the competition and the divergence constitute a part of their bilateral relations. The ambition of both countries for the leadership of chia world or Sunni world, the huge oil resources and the considerable human sources are considered as their assets which have given them the potentiality to play an active role in the Middle East as well as in the Muslim World. As the activities of these two actors is considered generally as conflictual and computational, we can say that based on the constructivist theory, the absence of common values, norms, rules, identity and perceptions represent the main factors of their rivalry and the non-establishment of a solid relationship between two countries.   Manuscript profile

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