The purpose of this study is to compare descriptive and traditional evaluation methods based on quartet evaluation standards (utility, propriety feasibility, and accuracy) from the viewpoint of elementary school teachers in Tehran city. In order to achieve this aim, and More
The purpose of this study is to compare descriptive and traditional evaluation methods based on quartet evaluation standards (utility, propriety feasibility, and accuracy) from the viewpoint of elementary school teachers in Tehran city. In order to achieve this aim, and besides the review of literature, opinions of all teachers (40 persons) in executive schools of descriptive evaluation project were gathered through researcher-made questionnaire. The results of data analysis show that descriptive evaluation adjusts better to evaluation standards. In addition, among the mentioned standards, the efficiency standard represents more adjustments than feasibility standards with descriptive evaluation.
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The purpose of this study is to explore obstacles of student participation in secondary school activities in Tehran city. The research questions were written based on the research purpose. To ansewer the research questions, in addition to reviewing literature the opinio More
The purpose of this study is to explore obstacles of student participation in secondary school activities in Tehran city. The research questions were written based on the research purpose. To ansewer the research questions, in addition to reviewing literature the opinions of statistical samples were collected using questionnaire and by cluster random sampling. The participants were «students» (1230) and «school authorities & teachers» (240). The research method was «applied research» in term of purpose and it was «survey and correlation research» in term of data collecting method. The results revealed that there are various obstacles for participating students in school activities such as: socio-cultural, managerial, structural, motivational, individual and legal obstacles. After analyzing data by descriptive and inferential statistics illustrated that student participation obstacles is medium from both sample groups point of view. Among participation obstacles, legal and motivative obstacles were more than other obstacles. Furthermore logistic regression analysis showed that among demographic variables the "membership in student council" and "educational locale" variables were as regressor variables for participation obstacles
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