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Open Access Article
1 - nvestigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets
mojtaba heidary mohammad soleimani ali osat hazratiThe purpose of this research was to investigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets. The statistical population was made up of all producers and exporters and experts of the Organization of MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate strategic solutions for the development of the export of advantageous products of the province in the target markets. The statistical population was made up of all producers and exporters and experts of the Organization of Industry and Mining, Trade and Jihad Agriculture, and the Chamber of Commerce and Customs of West Azarbaijan province. The sample size was done in two stages to determine the advantageous products of the province. In the first stage, 15 people were selected for 33 products and in the second stage, for 16 products, the advantageous products were determined based on the indicators of the Vario model. For 6 advantageous products, 7 experts were selected based on the situational and snowball sampling method. In the third questionnaire, based on the model of internal and external factors, in which 9 main criteria and 102 sub-criteria for internal factors and 7 main criteria and 81 sub-criteria for external factors were collected. The results of the analysis of the current situation of internal and external factors separately for each advantageous product showed that the weakness in mineral salt is in technology and development, and the threat in external factors is in legal and political factors, respectively, and the weakness in table salt is It exists in management factors and human resources, and the threat exists in economic and social factors. In the concentrate, the weakness in social and marketing factors and the threat in economic factors and legal factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The role of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom in the implementation of resistance economy culture engineering from the perspective of the Supreme Leader
حسن سلطانیThe purpose of this research is to investigate the role of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom in the implementation of resistance economy culture engineering from the perspective of the Supreme Leader. The research method is descriptive-survey and the statistical po MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate the role of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom in the implementation of resistance economy culture engineering from the perspective of the Supreme Leader. The research method is descriptive-survey and the statistical population is 380 academic staff members of Islamic Azad University, Shiraz branch. Using Morgan's table, the sample size was determined to be 181 people. The tools of data collection were two researcher-made questionnaires on the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom and the engineering questionnaire on the culture of resistance economy, which were distributed using a non-random sampling method. Data analysis has been done using correlation tests, analysis of variance and regression. The results of the research showed that there is a significant relationship between the components of the culture of self-sacrifice and martyrdom and the implementation of resistance economy culture engineering at the three levels of ideal, existing and goal. Therefore, the existence of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom in universities provides a suitable platform for the implementation of resistance economy culture engineering, and with scientific and comprehensive planning and policies, the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom can be established in universities. Raise an acceptable level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A non-disruptive multi-objective charging strategy for WRSN through multi-UAV deployment optimization using a meta-heuristic algorithm
Payman Habibi Goran Hassanifard Abdulbaghi Ghaderzadeh Arez NosratpourHere, a planning approach for CUAVs movement path and charging schedule of sensor nodes under uncertainty in data transfer rate and energy consumption in nodes with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and gradient-based optimization (GBO) algorithms have been pr MoreHere, a planning approach for CUAVs movement path and charging schedule of sensor nodes under uncertainty in data transfer rate and energy consumption in nodes with the help of Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) and gradient-based optimization (GBO) algorithms have been presented. By considering the inequalities and uncertainty in the battery limit and energy consumption of the nodes, we will achieve new scheduling strategies for WRSNs to increase the charging throughput and increase the network lifetime. Initially, with the help of information about the position and remaining energy of the nodes, clustering of the nodes into the number of drones has been done by the K-means method. According to the definition of the multi-purpose function of CUAV and with the help of the proposed algorithms, the routing and charging schedule of each of the drones is planned. In the defined objective function, all uncertainties and inequalities of the network are included for the delay and consumption of energy and battery of the nodes. The simulation was done under MATLAB software. The results showed that the proposed method based on HHO has achieved better solutions in terms of increasing the network lifetime and reducing the delay and optimizing energy consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Obstacles for Empowering the Human Resources of The Active Non- Governmental Organizations in Tehran City
A. Sarafizadeh, M. Haji anzahaeiThe following research is aiming to recognition the obstacles for empowering the human resources ofthe active bottom up non- governmental organization in Tehran city.The bottom up non- governmental organizations activity for ensuring needs groups of society withfour str MoreThe following research is aiming to recognition the obstacles for empowering the human resources ofthe active bottom up non- governmental organization in Tehran city.The bottom up non- governmental organizations activity for ensuring needs groups of society withfour strategic: focalization on culture building ideology, institution bulding ideology ,social legalstructure ,compound strategic .of course the optimum strategic is compound strategic that threeprevious strategic similar three triangle rib and capacity building with goal of empowering is centretriangle.In the article ,reviewing non- governmental organizations operation and NGOs influence on thesustainable development . then considered empowering the human resources and influence for thepurpose to quickly reach their goal and to remove the empowerment obstacles.for information gathering, distributed questionnaire in Statistical population performed in onespresence. Statistical population is managerial and amenable liable this organizations in the Tehrancity.In the base of financial resources deficiences theory, unsuitable management method , unreadiness oftarget group and special deficienc is obstacles for empowering the human resources that formed fouraccessory hypothesizes and to experience with independent test (chi-square karl piersoun) and thisliaised is verification.Finally in the base of analyzing data , the suitable method is recommend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Beam shaping assembly study for BNCT facility based on a 2.5 MeV proton accelerator on Li target
J. G. Fantidis -
Open Access Article
6 - Quadrotor UAV Guidence For Ground Moving Target Tracking
Ehsan Abbasi -
Open Access Article
7 - The Mechanism of Media on the Agenda Setting during Public Policy
Ramin RezayiThis paper searches the importance of middle roles of media in modern societies (among government & people) in relation to the targeted subsidies plan and its reflection in public opinion & policy. So we have shown that the mass media as one of the influencing f MoreThis paper searches the importance of middle roles of media in modern societies (among government & people) in relation to the targeted subsidies plan and its reflection in public opinion & policy. So we have shown that the mass media as one of the influencing factors on public opinion which promote their issues at the community level and how some of these issues placed public policy priority. Therefore we use three mechanisms; agenda setting, priming and framing as theorical framework which used models of media during news coverage .Consequently, our press investigation, each one prefers targeted subsidies with related procedure of organizational principles and its specific rules of media and each one benefited differently from above mechanism .Each of this ways, on the one hand reflects the attitude and the issue of subsidies to public opinion (and vice versa) on the other hand illuminate the interaction between media and policy making Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - presentation of a two stages method to determine the suitable benchmark and return to scale (case study: girls high school of one zone shiraz city)
Javad GeramiIn this paper, a two stages method to determine suitable benchmark and return scale of the decision making units set is presented. At first, all of the efficient reference set in no radial data envelopment analysis (DEA) based on linear programming is found. first, RAM MoreIn this paper, a two stages method to determine suitable benchmark and return scale of the decision making units set is presented. At first, all of the efficient reference set in no radial data envelopment analysis (DEA) based on linear programming is found. first, RAM model is introduced and units is investigated using this model, then, to run the given algorithm below steps is performed. At the first step, the type of reference set is introduced and at the second step, a unique linear programming problem based on primal dual method is proposed to know all of the possible reference sets for a decision making unit. At the third step, return to scale in the no radial DEA method is measured. Ultimately, girls high school of shiraz city one zone efficiency is investigated to show to be applicate of this method and suitable benchmark and return scale is presented for this set of decision making units. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A Value Efficiency-Based Target Setting Approach in Data Envelopment Analysis
Nasim NasrabadiBasic models of Data Envelopment Analysis are intrinsically preference-free, in the sense that they consider all inputs and outputs and also all decision making units of the same importance. Although this property is beneficial in many ways, it has some drawbacks simult MoreBasic models of Data Envelopment Analysis are intrinsically preference-free, in the sense that they consider all inputs and outputs and also all decision making units of the same importance. Although this property is beneficial in many ways, it has some drawbacks simultaneously, as the decision makers’ preferences are not taken into account in the process of evaluating units. To overcome this drawback many researchers have developed several techniques for incorporating the preferences into the evaluation model. One of the underlying approaches is value efficiency analysis, which evaluates decision making units by comparing them with the most preferred unit. The most preferred unit is a unit which satisfies the decision maker most. On the other hand, the issue of benchmarking is an important aspect in data envelopment analysis, as it enables the analyst to choose a target for each inefficient unit. The target unit for each unit is located on the efficient frontier and determines the path of improvement for that inefficient unit. In this paper, the issue of target setting based on the concept of value efficiency is investigated. We aim to develop a target setting model which is able to determine target units that are not only efficient but also value efficient, as well. Moreover, the targets are determined based on closest distance from the evaluated unit. Some properties of the model are also discussed. Finally, we perform the proposed model on a real data set of 42 Spanish Universities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - A Method for Target Setting with Share Data
B. Rahmani Parchkolaei Z. MoghaddasData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming technique for evaluatingthe relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and can also be utilized forsetting target. Target setting is one of the important subjects since according to its resu MoreData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming technique for evaluatingthe relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and can also be utilized forsetting target. Target setting is one of the important subjects since according to its resultsefficiency can be increased. An important issue to be currently discussed, is to set targetwhile considering share data. These data for each individual indicate the share of the unit,which takes part in an activity, from the whole amount which is a predefined constant. It isobvious that the sum of units’ share is equal to the entire amount. Thus, any changes in themagnitude of these data has to be dependent on the changes in data of other units. In thispaper a two-stage procedure is developed to find benchmark units where share data exist. Thefact that all DMUs are jointly projected onto the new efficient frontier and simplicity, are thesignificant features of the proposed method. With a numerical example we demonstrate howthis method works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigating the Causes of the Failure of the Policy of Subsidies in Iran
Leila Isavand Mohammad TohidfamIran is one of the most important sectors subsidies in the economic development plan that leads to a change in the process of giving subsidies. In the process of phasing out subsidies for fuel, food, water, electricity and other items of a change in that part of the sub MoreIran is one of the most important sectors subsidies in the economic development plan that leads to a change in the process of giving subsidies. In the process of phasing out subsidies for fuel, food, water, electricity and other items of a change in that part of the subsidies are removed (60% in 1390) was paid in cash to citizens and other income This will only work, and cultural development. This work was conducted in late 1380 and much of it was done in the early 1390. The subsidies referred to as the greatest economic history project. According to official statistics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, the first phase of the project failed and resulted in more households were below the povertyline. In this article, believe the failure of targeted subsidies policy implemented in the first phase of the deal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Inflation Targeting: the Impact of it on Inflation Trend in Different Countries around the World
Ahmad Jafari Samimi Sara HanjariThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of inflation targetingon inflation rate in different countries around the world. To do so, thepublished data by the International Monetary Fund in 2007, have beenused. The research findings as a result of testing th MoreThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of inflation targetingon inflation rate in different countries around the world. To do so, thepublished data by the International Monetary Fund in 2007, have beenused. The research findings as a result of testing the mean comparison,(one for all countries, another for each countries individually during1975-2007), indicate that this policy reduce the inflation rate in selectedcountries. Therefore using this policy in other countries which have theprerequisites such as central bank independence is suggested. Also inIran improving central bank independence to adopt inflation targeting forlong-run, emphasized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Effects of Targeting Subsidies in Iran on VAT Revenues
الهام غلامیThe main objective of the article is to evaluate possible effects of targeting subsidies on the performance of VAT revenues in IRAN. Considering the characteristics of the VAT system in Iran, the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS( and Panel data methods have been used to MoreThe main objective of the article is to evaluate possible effects of targeting subsidies on the performance of VAT revenues in IRAN. Considering the characteristics of the VAT system in Iran, the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS( and Panel data methods have been used to forecast the VAT revenues in two different scenarios (targeting and not-targeting of subsidies) for the years 1389,1390. The results of the study show that targeting subsidies in 1389 may result in 19 percent increase in the revenue, while targeting subsidies in 1390 increases VAT by 41 both in current prices. Furthermore, the results of the model show that if the subsidies is not targeted and the 1389 budget bill forecast of the VAT is also replaced with the Forecasts made by the author, then the growth of the VAT will be negative. However the negative growth will be slight if the subsidies are targeted in the current year. Therefore, it is concluded that targeting subsidies may realize the budget forecasts of the VAT. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Identification and ranking of effective factors in competitiveness on the growth and development of the export market using fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making techniques
somayeh Hozouri Mohammad ail abdolvandThe main objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting competitiveness on the growth and development of the export market in the commercial and export companies. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey an MoreThe main objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting competitiveness on the growth and development of the export market in the commercial and export companies. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical population of this research was Q (230), using random sampling method. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.86, which indicates a high level of reliability. To analyze the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Spearman test and T-test using Spss software and other relevant tests, which are described in detail in this study, were analyzed to identify each of the components and sub-components To make The results indicate that this research consists of 4 main components of environmental factors (with 3 questions), internal agent (with 7 questions), resource-based approach (with 4 questions), factor of production capacity (with 3 questions) And a total of 17 sub-criteria. By using the fuzzy tops is method and designing a specific questionnaire, effective factors of competitiveness on the growth and development of the export market of food industry were ranked and prioritized. Finally, among the 17 existing subsets of "customer orientation", "consumer trends", "ability Firm in Product Marketing "and" Competitive Power "ranked highest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Identifying and ranking the variables affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market Using Group Decision Making Technique (MCDM)
Somayeh Hozouri Mohammad ail abdolvand Amir Hossein Yavari NikThe objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical popu MoreThe objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical population of this research was Q (311), using random sampling method. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84, which indicates a high level of reliability. To data analysis, structural equation technique tests and for grouping of the mentioned factors from AHP, group decision making techniques (MCDM) have been used and other relevant tests, which are described in detail in this study, were analyzed to identify each of the components and sub-components To make .The results indicate that this research consists of 6 main components of Increase production capacity (with 7 Factors), Reduce the cost of goods and services (with 3 Factors), Creating foreign exchange earnings (with 3 Factors), Improving the competitiveness of export goods and services and exporters (with 5 Factors), Facilitate the process of economic growth and development (with 3 Factors), Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers (with 3 Factors), And a total of 24 sub-criteria. By using structural equation and MCDM techniques and designing a specific questionnaire, effective factors of credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market were ranked and prioritized. Finally, among the 24 existing subsets of “Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers” Based on the MCDM technique and “Reduce the cost of goods and services” Based on structural equations ranked highest. The objective of this research is to evaluate the factors affecting credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market. The method used in this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive, survey and correlation nature. The statistical population of this research was Q (311), using random sampling method. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.84, which indicates a high level of reliability. To data analysis, structural equation technique tests and for grouping of the mentioned factors from AHP, group decision making techniques (MCDM) have been used and other relevant tests, which are described in detail in this study, were analyzed to identify each of the components and sub-components To make .The results indicate that this research consists of 6 main components of Increase production capacity (with 7 Factors), Reduce the cost of goods and services (with 3 Factors), Creating foreign exchange earnings (with 3 Factors), Improving the competitiveness of export goods and services and exporters (with 5 Factors), Facilitate the process of economic growth and development (with 3 Factors), Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers (with 3 Factors), And a total of 24 sub-criteria. By using structural equation and MCDM techniques and designing a specific questionnaire, effective factors of credit guarantees on the growth and development of the export market were ranked and prioritized. Finally, among the 24 existing subsets of “Provide favorable conditions through its guarantees for foreign buyers” Based on the MCDM technique and “ Reduce the cost of goods and services” Based on structural equations ranked highest . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Identification and Prioritizing of Exporting Target Markets for Iran’s High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
A. Hajiha M. Haghighi Kaffash M. ManianRecognition and prioritization the target markets for special goods is must to establish the efficient marketing strategy. This will save investments of exporters who want to make a continued presence in markets. On the other hand in export programming fi MoreRecognition and prioritization the target markets for special goods is must to establish the efficient marketing strategy. This will save investments of exporters who want to make a continued presence in markets. On the other hand in export programming field it can play a valuable leading rule for authorities to establish trade strategies and dual trade negotiations. This research as its title says “Identification and prioritizing of exporting target markets for high density polyethylene (HDPE)” have decided to prioritize the markets by their attractiveness via suitable indexes which are available and contains the expert’s view, resource demand, capabilities and objectives of Iranian petrochemical commercial company. In reality final destination of this research is that it maps correct movement of HDPE in target markets by observing objectives, resources and organization capabilities. The method used is that we gather the information statistics at the first, and then refine them by using import potential indexes and statistical techniques. we start up to recognize the most important indexes for evaluating market attractiveness by gathering the related industry expert view to prioritize target markets. Finally by using of this indexes and techniques of numerical taxonomy and factor analyzing and relying on given statistics and informations by international trade center, we prioritize the target markets of HDPE. The result of this research shows that the markets which are better for exporting Iran HDPE after china and Hong Kong that are two evident markets for this product are Ukraine, Turkey, Spain, Malaysia, Greece, USA, Pakistan, Indonesia and Poland. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Social Supervision in Islam
Hadi Mirzaei BarziImpossible crime is an inchoate offence which the occurrence of result is impossible because of absence of matter or absence of necessary legal conditions or using inadequate equipment and results to non-existence of target crime. Occurrence of impossible crime shows me MoreImpossible crime is an inchoate offence which the occurrence of result is impossible because of absence of matter or absence of necessary legal conditions or using inadequate equipment and results to non-existence of target crime. Occurrence of impossible crime shows mens rea of perpetrators of it and these perpetrators does not have less criminal mind than the people who commit the complete crime. Although, the original crime doesn't happen, it's obvious that the perpetrators haven't obeyed the law. Impossible crime is a crime which has been considered in Iran Law and has amounted to different decisions. Criminal Code 1370 provoked the conflict and most of jurists believe that the Law doesn't mention the impossible crime. But the criminal Law 1392 under the title of attempt finishes the conflicts. Although, this is not considered as an invention this statute because the mentioned Article, with little difference, is a comeback to Criminal Law 1352. Entrance to execution operations and impossibility of target crime are actus reus of the impossible crime. Contrary to the most of jurists view, in this crime there is no need to finish the executive operations and it can be stopped in the half way. In accordance to Iran Law, and not in England Law, the impossible crime in crimes which there actus reus is an omission can be occurred. Moreover, essential of occurrence of an impossible crime is existence of intention. About punishing or not punishing the perpetrator of an impossible crime different views are taken. However, the mention countries Law believe in punishing the perpetrator of an impossible crime. It is necessary to be considered that the punishment should be diminished to complete crime, and due to this in Iran Law an impossible crime is tantamount to an attempt and it is punishment is less than a complete crime. English Law also considered the impossible crime as an attempt but the punishments are the same. However, in all two countries Law it is necessary that the attempt be punishable in order to punish the impossible crime. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Management accounting practices in the firms listed on the Tehran stock exchanged: An empirical examination
یحیی حساس یگانه زهرا دیانتی دیلمی ابراهیم نوروزبگیOne of the most important aspects of accounting research in different countries isacquiring knowledge about situation of accounting systems and finding theweaknesses and gaps, and providing solutions to resolve existing deficiencies andupgrading to higher levels. Despit MoreOne of the most important aspects of accounting research in different countries isacquiring knowledge about situation of accounting systems and finding theweaknesses and gaps, and providing solutions to resolve existing deficiencies andupgrading to higher levels. Despite many studies about financial topics in Iranianfirms, unfortunately, a comprehensive study for determining managementaccounting's evolution stage and it's current position is not performed. In this study, asample consisting of 105 firms listed on TSE is selected that only 72 companies'management responses to questionnaire. The results show that %73.6 of companiesare in the first evolution stage, %51.4 are in Second stage, %45.8 are in third stage,and %15.3 are in fourth stage.The result of this study is similar to results of studies in other developing countries.In addition, providing information for annual financial reports, cost allocation andcontrol are more used in our sample companies and tools such as risk management,strategic planning and decision making are fewer used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Designing a cost control system to increase competitiveness in construction projects based on the integration of PFABC and tc
Hossein Toosi Arezou ChamikarpourThe main purpose of the present research is to use new costing methods in construction projects to reduce and control the amount of cost deviations and some limitations in the common methods of cost management in projects. In competitive or highly uncertain projects, it MoreThe main purpose of the present research is to use new costing methods in construction projects to reduce and control the amount of cost deviations and some limitations in the common methods of cost management in projects. In competitive or highly uncertain projects, it is not possible to control the momentum of the project's profit and loss, and, it is not possible to accurately identify the activities causing profit or loss and the extent of their impact on these results.After a literature review, a method developed to control the momentum of direct and overhead costs of the project during its progress. An interview was conducted with 26 financial managers in construction companies during 2 to 4 times using goal-oriented and bullet-proof methods from June 2016 to May 2017 with the aim of validating and modifying the method. According to a semi-structured interview analysis, the proposed method contributed to increasing the precision, certainty, traceability of overhead costs that is about 10 to 35 percent, and provided the integrity of the financial, technical and operational system. It also facilitates rooted deviations, and reduces costs by considering Activity-driven Competitive and strategic conditions. It's also limiting the target cost of working packs and causing an alarm on the completion of each department's budget and analyze its reasons, allowing for control of budget deviations. Also, according to Friedman test, there is a meaningful competitive ability compared to the conventional cost control method in the projects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Cost Management Strategies And Making Competitive Advantage (a comparative study: target costing and quality costing)
Jamadverdi Gorganli Dooji1 Naghi FazeliOrganizations have been formed in a complicated political, economical, social andtechnical environment. Their development is by very nature dependant on achievingtheir goals & approaches. Creating & protecting their competitive advantage in suchan environment in MoreOrganizations have been formed in a complicated political, economical, social andtechnical environment. Their development is by very nature dependant on achievingtheir goals & approaches. Creating & protecting their competitive advantage in suchan environment in national and international levels has been introduced as acomponent effective in an organization’s survival & continual. Nowadays, thecustomers demand their services and essential Goods in their lowest price, fastdelivering and best quality. Due to the existence of various products and suppliers.The organizations managers have been trying to achieve these goals i.e reducing costof goods & services, improving quality and their fast delivering in interaction withcustomers value. considering the environment condition dominant on economicinstitution. Managing & balance-making among 3-above mentioned factors is on ofthe most controversial issues in strategic management. It has been introduced as a keyfactor to continue its activities in business. On the other hand, the recent changes i.elaissez-faire, flourishing of stock exchange and changing the interest-rate to thebalanced-rate are example to make different issues posed in cost managementsignificant. Since any measure to reduce cost of goods production and services candirectly have an impact on stock price in stock exchange. The main aim of this studyis to state cost management & its modern techniques focusing on target costing,quality costing, their roles in making competitive advantage & organization againstbeing effective from competitors in business. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Evaluating influential factors in Environmental management accounting (EMA) adoption
سیدامین عالمشاهEnvironmental management accounting(EMA) as a management tool assists in improvingfinancial and environmental performance through enhanced environmental accountability.This study accomplished with to focus of attention upon EMA, for to identify factorsinfluencing EMA ad MoreEnvironmental management accounting(EMA) as a management tool assists in improvingfinancial and environmental performance through enhanced environmental accountability.This study accomplished with to focus of attention upon EMA, for to identify factorsinfluencing EMA adoption. For achieving the research objective, established 6 hypothesises.For hypothesises testing, sent questionnaire to key personnel with three different functions(i.e. financial Manager, chief accountant and management accounting headman). After datacoding, those tested and analyzed by T-test. Results indicated 1)Low priority of accountingfor environmental costs 2)Resistance to conventional accounting practices change3)Efficiency or financial considerations 4)Expert member and resource constraints5)Difficulties in collecting or allocating environmental costs 6)External pressure, are factorsinfluencing the decision to adopt, or not to adopt, EMA in mentioned corporations. Finallyprovided suggestions made by this study for EMA adoption. Apart from the theoreticalextension to this area of research, the results and findings of this study supported the uses andapplications of EMA by our industries. Much more can, and should, be done by corporationsin relation to how they account for the environment. This can provide benefits not only for thesector itself, but also for the environment in which we live. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Conceptual Explanation of Target Costing Based on Critical Perspective
Mohammad Namazi Zohreh Hajiha Hassan ChenariThe aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which ref MoreThe aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which refers to b . T M S w’ 1978 evaluate the cost orientation of TC adoption, which responds the question as to why firms do not adopt TC even when the previous studies emphasize to the benefits of adoption. The paper concludes that possess of prospector managers the scope to take advantage of the high information asymmetry to inhibit TC adoption, because their stock-based compensation increases with volatility in earnings and stock returns. In contrast, managers with defending strategy obtain extensive cash-based compensation with the adoption of TC, which helps achieve much firm profits. The paper concludes with specific sources of agency problems and some avenues for future research. In the other words, adoption of a defensive strategy by managers in companies leads to value creation a long with the interests of all stakeholders intra and inter organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Assessment of socio-cultural sustainability of rural tourism development in East Azarbaijan province
Fatemeh Kazemiyeh asma eidiThe purpose of this research was to measure the socio-cultural sustainability of tourism development in the target villages of East Azarbaijan province so that the negative socio-cultural consequences of tourism can be moderated or eliminated and the positive consequenc MoreThe purpose of this research was to measure the socio-cultural sustainability of tourism development in the target villages of East Azarbaijan province so that the negative socio-cultural consequences of tourism can be moderated or eliminated and the positive consequences can be strengthened with proper planning and management, and finally to the sustainable development that The ideal point of the tourism industry is achieved. The research method in the present study is applied in terms of purpose, survey in terms of implementation and cross-sectional in terms of time. The statistical population of the study was heads of households in four tourism target villages in East Azarbaijan province (N=819), which was calculated using the krejcie-Morgan table, the statistical sample size of 265 people. The findings of the research showed that the socio-cultural dimensions of tourism in the studied area have a moderate level of sustainability with an average of 0.563. Also, the prioritization of the studied villages in terms of the level of social and cultural stability also showed that Ushtabin village with a score of 0.624 had the highest rank and Totah khaneh village with a score of 0.493 had the lowest rank. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Media and health-oriented lifestyle (Study of citizens' health-oriented lifestyle in East Azerbaijan province)
Fatemeh GolabiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of media on health lifestyle, citizen orientation in East Azerbaijan province and using the survey method. The statistical population included all citizens over 15 years of age in East Azarbaijan province, of which 166 MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of media on health lifestyle, citizen orientation in East Azerbaijan province and using the survey method. The statistical population included all citizens over 15 years of age in East Azarbaijan province, of which 1662 people were selected by sampling quotas from selected cities (Tabriz, Ahar, Bonab, Khodafarin, Shabestar, Marand and Varzeqan).Also have been used of the theories of Weber, Merton, Giddens, Cockerham and Gerbner. The inferential results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between health lifestyle, focus on variables of the use of print media (positively), virtual media (negatively), targeted use of media (positively), age (positively). And there is sex (in favor of men). But the relationship between health-oriented lifestyle and the use of visual and audio media is not significant. Independent research variables were able to explain a total of 17% of changes in health-oriented lifestyle variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Science and technology policies in five-year development plans (Discourse analysis of the 6th program based on the approach of Laclou and Mouffe)
seiedeh zahra amirarjmandi mahrdad navabakhsh باقر ساروخانیBecause of their importance in the economic and social development of societies, science and technology policies have become one of the most important arenas of discourse conflict. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the discourse of the MoreBecause of their importance in the economic and social development of societies, science and technology policies have become one of the most important arenas of discourse conflict. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the discourse of the sixth program based on Laclau and Mouffe's approach. The studied society was all the legal articles and notes related to science and technology in the law of the sixth development plan, which were studied in full. The findings show that the central signifier of this document is "purposeful scientific innovation". It has built its symbols based on three signs: "Efficiency and modernity, privatization/popularization and knowledge-based economy". The floating sign has shown itself in the form of "collaboration and scientific participation" and "competitive performance". The null signs are "Employment", "Scientific modernization and improvement" and "Scientific productivity" which are associated with interruptions and moments of "People building", "Educational modernization and improvement" and "Islamic culture and values". The discourse area of this program is "state-centered, external dependence, reduction of deprivation and scientific neutrality" which "culture-centered/landscape-centered" discourse with its hegemonic position has marginalized conflicts and consolidated the space for its own discourse maneuver. The results of this study show that this program is moving towards quantitative goals with an emphasis on positivist and supply-oriented processes, which has made it possible to popularize science and use social capital with a serious vacuum. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Provide a method for targets detection in satellite imagery using deep learning with remote sensing and GIS approach
nader biranvand Mehdi Keykhaee rooin mamaniAutomatic detection of features in different areas according to various objectives, including urban management, military objectives, etc., are one of the most up-to-date and important applications of machine learning today. Combining the Global Geographic System (GIS) w MoreAutomatic detection of features in different areas according to various objectives, including urban management, military objectives, etc., are one of the most up-to-date and important applications of machine learning today. Combining the Global Geographic System (GIS) with images taken from satellite sensors and finally using deep learning methods, which is one of the main branches of machine learning, is a great help to the visible subject. Made the effects in the images using remote sensing science.. At the beginning of this research, the various layers in the proposed algorithm have been comprehensively presented and introduced, and then a new method has been presented in the simultaneous combination of CNN and pooling layers in the algorithm used, which finally It led to a significant reduction in network training time using comprehensive training data with high accuracy and at the same time high volume, which in the end, after entering the fully connected layer to extract and identify the desired goals with acceptable accuracy along with cost-effectiveness. Save time. In this research, using network training through training data, ships in satellite images are detected by creating a fully convoluted FCN network. In order to evaluate the performance and accuracy of the algorithm used in finding and detecting ships in satellite images, by applying this detection algorithm on several other satellite images, Precision, Recall and F1-Score evaluation criteria were used. The values were equal to 100%, 97.61% and 98.83%, respectively, which indicates the accuracy and reliability of the algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Study of Socio-Economic Impact of Targeted Subsidies Law on Rural Households’ quality of Life in Urmia Township
Amir Ahmadi Gholam reza Mojaradi Mohammad BadsarLiving in rural areas tend to have less access to socio-economic services, so improving the quality of Life of rural communities is the ultimate goal of rural development projects or programs. The targeted subsidies law has been implemented in Iran by emphasis on establ MoreLiving in rural areas tend to have less access to socio-economic services, so improving the quality of Life of rural communities is the ultimate goal of rural development projects or programs. The targeted subsidies law has been implemented in Iran by emphasis on establishing of Justice and social welfare, and also improving the quality of life for poor society layers. This descriptive analytical survey was aimed to study of socio-economic impact of targeted subsidies law on rural households’ of Urmia Township. The statistical population of the studied areas consisted of all the rural households in Urmia Township (N=71353). According to the Cochran formula, a sample size of 265 was selected using a multistage sampling technique (n=265). A questionnaire was used to collect the data required. The validity of the questionnaire used was confirmed by a panel of experts. A pilot study was conducted to establish the reliability of the instrument used. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the main scales of the questionnaire was 0.7 to 0.93. The results revealed that the targeted subsidies law implementation has a significant positive effect on social (sig = 0.000 and β=0.582) and economical (sig = 0.000 and β=0.531) dimensions of the quality of life on rural households’ of Urmia Township, but its’ social effects has been more than economic effects. However, all the changes cannot be associated to targeted subsidies law implementation uncertainly, because, the quality of life conditions and factors are very diverse and numerous Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Technically Efficient Targets for the Groups by Using the Centralized Scenario and Enhanced Russell Measure
Reza Fallahnejad -
Open Access Article
29 - Finding Closest Target in Network DEA
Morteza Aramesh Sevan SohraieeAs an important concept in data envelopment analysis (DEA), closest target has wide theoretical and practical applications. By considering the data of closest target and utilizing it appropriately, the decision making unit (DMU) under evaluation determines how to transf MoreAs an important concept in data envelopment analysis (DEA), closest target has wide theoretical and practical applications. By considering the data of closest target and utilizing it appropriately, the decision making unit (DMU) under evaluation determines how to transform its inputs and outputs to become efficient. Also, traditional DEA models only utilize the external inputs to produce the final outputs in evaluating the relative efficiency of decision making units (DMUs), and internal operations are not be considered. Therefore, traditional models can not accurately determine the source of inefficiency inside the structures. To overcome this problem, different authors proposed various network DEA models (NDEA). This paper is an attempt to find the closest target in various scenarios of network DEA. The study concerns about different existed scenarios in network DEA models and proposes specific models to find closest targets in each scenario. Also, an empirical example has been presented to illustrate the proposed models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The new generation of nuclear reactors, ADS
Javad Karimi Mohammad Mehdi Firooz AbadiBackground and Objective:Today, nuclear reactors as a major source of energy in the world, is developing considerably. The main disadvantage of nuclear reactors is producing nuclear waste. This waste is due to the half-life and high environmental impact is radiation poi MoreBackground and Objective:Today, nuclear reactors as a major source of energy in the world, is developing considerably. The main disadvantage of nuclear reactors is producing nuclear waste. This waste is due to the half-life and high environmental impact is radiation poisoning. In this study a new generation of nuclear reactors as ADS introduced where the nuclear waste is used as fuel. Method: Examining ADS nuclear reactors, the concept of ADS and the main components of this type of reactor and how it works are described. Findings: This new generation of nuclear reactors (ADS) has the ability to convert nuclear waste, including meta-uranium elements and fragments of nuclear fission, into low-risk elements with low half-life and low beam toxicity. Its important advantage over other nuclear reactors is that it is safe. Discussion and Conclusions: Given the importance of developing nuclear reactors as a major source of energy production, methods should be used to develop peaceful nuclear technology in the country to maximize its efficiency while minimizing its destructive environmental effects. . The use of a new generation of nuclear reactors (ADS) is one such method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effect of Economics Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage
Mohamad Ali ahmadi Allah Karam Salehi Saeed Nasiri Alireza jorjorzadehThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Economics Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. These Four criteria have been used for measure of Economics Uncertainty in our tests: GDP growth, inflatio MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Economics Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. These Four criteria have been used for measure of Economics Uncertainty in our tests: GDP growth, inflation rate, exchange rate and interest rates. Using ARCH and GARCH For this purpose two hypotheses are developed and data on the 142 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1389 to 1397 were analyzed. For This regression model using Two-step regression Fama-MacBeth, reviews and tests. The results showed that the criteria of Economics Uncertainty (GDP growth, inflation rate, exchange rate and interest rate) has significant positive impact on speed of adjustment to target leverage. Moreover, the results showed that the effect of Economics Uncertainty (GDP growth, inflation rate, exchange rate and interest rate) on speed of adjustment to target leverage in firms with a above-target leverage adjust their leverage More than in firms with a below-target leverage adjust their leverage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Impact of Environmental Uncertainty on on speed of adjustment to target leverage
Mohamad Ali ahmadi Allahkaram Salehi Saeed Nasiri Alireza jorjorzadehThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Environmental Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The coefficient of variation (CV) of sales (scaled by total assets) to capture environmental uncertain MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Environmental Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage of listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. The coefficient of variation (CV) of sales (scaled by total assets) to capture environmental uncertainty. For this purpose three hypotheses are developed and data on the 142 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1389 to 1397 were analyzed. This regression model using combined data with a consolidated approach, reviews and tests. The results showed that the criteria of Environmental Uncertainty has significant positive impact on speed of adjustment to target leverage. Moreover, the results showed that the effect of Environmental Uncertainty on speed of adjustment to target leverage in firms with a above-target leverage adjust their leverage More than in firms with a below-target leverage adjust their leverage. Therefore, the research results indicate that Environmental uncertainty, Makes information asymmetry between management and stakeholders more acute it also imposes serious restrictions for the company, and influences the strategy and decisions of company managers. As a result, the target lever adjusts faster. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Designing target leverage model over the life cycle of the company
ha,ed salehi yadolah tariverdi afsaneh tavangar amir reza kayghobadiIn this paper, the difference in the target leverage during the life cycle of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange is examined. Leverage is the ratio of the proportion of debt a company tends to achieve, and the leverage ratio is defined as the distance between MoreIn this paper, the difference in the target leverage during the life cycle of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange is examined. Leverage is the ratio of the proportion of debt a company tends to achieve, and the leverage ratio is defined as the distance between operating cash flow and the time required to invest, and is structured based on trade-off theory (TOT) and pecking order theory (POT) the optimal investment is determined. For this purpose, using GMM method, 153 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period of fiscal year 2011 to 2018 were selected and data analysis was performed using stata and eviews software. In examining the factors affecting the difference in leverage, growth and profitability opportunities were more stable than the size and tangible fixed assets. The findings of this study are important for researchers because the results show that the classification ratio of companies at different stages of the life cycle, the interpretation of the results by considering the factors affecting the structure of the target capital. Therefore, researchers espacialy financial managers could check the assignment of their firms intothe life stage by this model in order to compare their firms’capital structure in the same stage because their behavior change iver the life cycle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Analyzing and prioritizing rural people tendency to costing the subsidies in rural construction and developing project
Hamdollah Sojasi QeidariOne of the appropriate ways for helping the government is people economic participation in developing affairs by micro investigating and in participatory approach framework. Investigating in rural construction and development project through of costing family subs MoreOne of the appropriate ways for helping the government is people economic participation in developing affairs by micro investigating and in participatory approach framework. Investigating in rural construction and development project through of costing family subsides is one of important form of investigation. Thus, in this research had been tried to measuring the rural trends amount to investigating and them investigation grounds by descriptive- analyzing methodology and among 339 rural family of Bezineh Rood Dehestans rural point in Khodabandeh Township. Research finding show that about 78 percent of rural case study’s people are tendentious for costing family subsides in construction project for our rural improvement. Severity of their tendency to economic participation in constructing and developing investigation are about 89/56 percent that seems significant. Also, in analyzing the relation between investigation tendencies with rural communities features the finding show that there is meaningful relation between them. In prioritizing the investigating fields and affairs, the result show that rural people would like to investigate in all projects of construction, development and especially in livestock inbreeding in rural area that had been measured by PROMETEE technique as a one of the multi decision making techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Comparative Translation of English Proverbs into Persian from the viewpoint of Linguistics
Bahman Gorjiyan Hoda NisiComparative translation of English proverbs in Persian makes Iranian translators, face issues such as word applications, literary style, culture and structure or sense, when comparing the source language (SL) with the target language (TL). In this case, t MoreComparative translation of English proverbs in Persian makes Iranian translators, face issues such as word applications, literary style, culture and structure or sense, when comparing the source language (SL) with the target language (TL). In this case, the main factors in translation and searching language equations are placed in both the source and target languages in three areas of linguistics such as form, content and context. The present article seeks to provide a plan applied in triplicate to translate English proverbs into Persian with minimal loss of structural, semantic and the conceptual aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Locations and Their Role in Quran's Translation
Ali Matouri Hediyeh Masoudi SadrQuran verses have always been guides and leaders to revelation eagers. The people of Muhammad era didn't face difficulty in verses meaning reception and understanding but by passing time and reaching Quran to the ones who were not familiar with Arabic Language and cultu MoreQuran verses have always been guides and leaders to revelation eagers. The people of Muhammad era didn't face difficulty in verses meaning reception and understanding but by passing time and reaching Quran to the ones who were not familiar with Arabic Language and culture, the need to translation of Quran were felt. In order to translate Holy Quran to other languages, familiarity and expertise with their cultures and situations were necessary; because there were relationship between the verses content and the events, occasions and situations. Also this question rises that why the location should be paid attention in translations? What is the outcome of paying attention to this? The present paper – which has been done in library research method – the locations and their role in Quran translation has been surveyed and studied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - An overview of the most important mechanisms and systems of targeted drug delivery
سید محمدجواد حسینی زادهAbstractDrug delivery is one of the most important and most complex pharmaceutical branch that today due to use of other sciences is expanding dramatically. These improvements, especially in the field of drug delivery mechanisms and systems is very effective and useful. MoreAbstractDrug delivery is one of the most important and most complex pharmaceutical branch that today due to use of other sciences is expanding dramatically. These improvements, especially in the field of drug delivery mechanisms and systems is very effective and useful. In this paper, drug targeting mechanisms such as Physical targeting, by progressing on the application of magnetic fields, ultrasound and electric fields is discussed. Passive targeting by its application on treatment of tumor tissue is explained. Active targeting with considering of the its Specificities is explained. Also delivery systems for drug targeting like Nanoscale Carriers including nano-liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles and dendrimers is explained. At the end Targeted Prodrugs and Cellular Carriers and their progress as two other examples of drug delivery systems explained. Keywords: Drug delivery, Drug targeting, Drug targeting mechanisms, Drug targeting systems, Physical targeting, Passive targeting, Active targeting, Nanoscale Carriers, Targeted Prodrugs, Cellular Carriers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Designing a model of factors affecting the purposefulness of subsidies in the country's sport with a combined approach
Mohammad Reza Keshani Ali Fahimeinejad Bagher MorsalThe present study was conducted to design a model of factors affecting the purposefulness of subsidies in sports in the country with a combined approach. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was a research method mixed with consecutive exploratory type and sur MoreThe present study was conducted to design a model of factors affecting the purposefulness of subsidies in sports in the country with a combined approach. In terms of applied purpose, the present study was a research method mixed with consecutive exploratory type and survey collection method. The statistical population in the qualitative sector includes subsidy policy makers in the country, members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, and professors familiar with the issue of subsidies in sports. These individuals were purposefully selected as standard criteria for qualitative interviews on the subject of research (15 interviews with 15 people and continued to the point of theoretical saturation). The statistical population of the quantitative part is all the managers of Tehran sports clubs. Tehran has 917 clubs. The data collection tool in the present study was a semi-structured interview and a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to analyze the data of the present study, coding in the qualitative part and structural equation method in the quantitative part were used. In the qualitative part of the research, it was found that the categories were extracted in the form of 34 concept codes and 6 main categories. In the quantitative part, it was found that all 6 main categories of research have a good fit, so the research model has a good fit. Considering that participation in sports activities has many positive effects for the general public in all angles, it is recommended that the necessary . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - An Account of Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension in a Culture-Based Instructional Environment: Does Gender Play a Role?
Ehsan Namaziandost Sajad Shafiee -
Open Access Article
40 - Distinction of Target and Chaff Signals by Suggesting the Optimal Waveform in Cognitive Radar using Artificial Neural Network
Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Ziaei Pouriya Etezadifar Yaser Norouzi Nadali Zarei -
Open Access Article
41 - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Impact of a Blunt Projectile with a Perforated Plate
M Farahmand Kh Vahedi A Naddaf Oskouei R Hosseini -
Open Access Article
42 - Plastic Wave Propagation Model for Perforation of Metallic Plates by Blunt Projectiles
S Feli S Noritabar -
Open Access Article
43 - Opaque Information, Deviation from Target Leverage and Speed of Adjustment
Abbas Aflatooni Kefsan mansouri -
Open Access Article
44 - An Integrated Entropy/VIKOR Model for Customer Clustering in Targeted Marketing Model Design (Case Study: IoT Technology Services Companies)
Hossein Teimouri Jalil Gharibi Ali Hossein Zadeh Alireza Pooya -
Open Access Article
45 - Investigating the Effect of Management Entrenchment on Speed of Cash Holding Adjustment in Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Fatemeh Mansouri Moosa Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
46 - Optimum Process Adjustment Under Inspection Errors with Considering the Cycle Time of Production and Two Markets for the Sale of Goods
Somayeh Ayeen -
Open Access Article
47 - Analysis of Logistics Costs of SMEs and Survey on the Effects of the Iranian Targeted Subsidies Plan on Costs
Fahimeh Kariminejad Farzad Haghighi Rad Sedigh RaissiDeveloping a conceptual model to analyze effective costs in logistics process is one of the aims of the present article. By Reliance of literature review in the field of logistics and by using the results derived from the carried out case studies in small and medium-siz MoreDeveloping a conceptual model to analyze effective costs in logistics process is one of the aims of the present article. By Reliance of literature review in the field of logistics and by using the results derived from the carried out case studies in small and medium-sized food and automotive enterprises, the effects of targeted subsidies plan on Logistics costs and solutions to costs reduction are studied. In this paper, combined qualitative and quantitative methods are used, qualitative methods such as interviews and quantitative methods such as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and statistical analysis. The result shows that at the macro level logistics costs are divided into seven categories: Transportation costs, Inventory carrying costs, Warehouse costs, Order Processing and Information Systems costs, Handling costs, Lot quantity costs and Customer service costs. Based on the type of industry, some costs are more important than other costs. Applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process on logistic costs shows that transportation and distribution costs besides capital costs are the largest in the logistics costs. Comparison of logistics costs before and after the implementation of the targeted subsidies plan shows that costs at Pegah Company has increased by 1.48% and at Zar-Fanar Company 2.42% in sales revenue. Increasing energy prices and high storage due to varying business conditions are the causes. Developing logistics cost management system besides controlling and optimizing the time and economical orders could act as appropriate solutions for the two companies to reduce their own logistics costs. The relationship between solutions and cost reduction are reviewed by using a nonparametric test (Binomial) and approved solutions are prioritized by using the Friedman test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Presentation of an optimal method to increase the quality of underwater imaging
Abbas Bashiri Hasan HasaniMoghaddam Adel TabeshkarMost underwater intelligent vehicles and marine remote-control vehicles are equipped with optical cameras for underwater imaging. However, due to the properties of water and its impurity, the quality of the images taken by these imaging devices is not good enough, becau MoreMost underwater intelligent vehicles and marine remote-control vehicles are equipped with optical cameras for underwater imaging. However, due to the properties of water and its impurity, the quality of the images taken by these imaging devices is not good enough, because the water weakens the light, and the deeper the water, the more the intensity of the light will decreases. Since different wavelengths show different behavior in the collision with the water column, processing and study of these wavelengths is very important to obtain the desired image. The spectral signature can be used for underwater applications. In this research, to increase the quality of underwater images, a new method has been introduced to improve image contrast. In this method, first, with structured lighting, different wavelengths are irradiated to the underwater target in a laboratory environment, then underwater images are processed by the proposed algorithm, and finally, a multispectral image is achieved by stacking images with different wavelengths. The results showed the relative superiority of the proposed method over other methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Designing and Development of Hyperspectral Camera to Hidden Targets Detection
Hamidreza Bakhtiari Abolfazl Chaman Motlagh Abbas BashiriOne of the major strengths resulting from hyperspectral imaging is target detection, specifically sub pixel detection, which is generally carried out without full knowledge of the targets to be detected. The aim of this study is to design and development of hyperspectra MoreOne of the major strengths resulting from hyperspectral imaging is target detection, specifically sub pixel detection, which is generally carried out without full knowledge of the targets to be detected. The aim of this study is to design and development of hyperspectral camera and then tested its results in hidden target detection domain. For this purpose, a coin was hidden under a cloth in a laboratory environment and then was take hyperspectral imaging of the hidden target. Initially the images were labeled in terms of wavelength and band and geometric corrections and used for final processing. In order to detect image anomalies, the RX algorithm was used locally to identify pixels that are spectrally different from other pixels. To identify hidden target material, spectra of extracted as anomalies pixels were extracted and by using of spectral library, hidden target material was identified. The accuracy of the extracted spectra was evaluated by the spectral angle, ACE, Likelihood and FP correlation methods, and the results showed high accuracy of target material identification process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Detection, Recognition and Tracking Cars from UAV Based implementation of MobileNet- Single Shot Detection deep neural network on the embedded system By Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Mohammadjavad NateghiTracking targets from the ground is difficult due to natural and artificial barriers, and in some cases,such as car detection, is dangerous, therefore, identifying targets using remote sensing is obvious. Toachieve the purpose, the desired camera is installed on the unm MoreTracking targets from the ground is difficult due to natural and artificial barriers, and in some cases,such as car detection, is dangerous, therefore, identifying targets using remote sensing is obvious. Toachieve the purpose, the desired camera is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). withimages processing on captured images from the camera, the system has used can identify the vehicleusing aerial images and follow it if it is necessary. An important issue to this matter is the accuracy ofthe target detection. Therefore, efficient algorithms should be used in this field, and efforts have beenmade to use a deep neural network in this regard because it has the best performance rather than othermethods. But using this network itself will cause other problems that are especially noticeable in realtimeapplications of the identification system. Because this type of neural network needs a lot of timeto process information. Solving this problem will using strong hardware as much as possible, but thesesystems cannot be installed on the UAV due to their high weight and large power consumption. Forthis reason, in this paper, have tried to use pre-processing methods to identify possible moving targetsand illuminate other parts of images to reduce the volume of data to make processing easier, and thenthe system can identify and track the car with the Light MobileNet-SSD network. This method is 25times faster than other fast methods such as yolov3, and its loss rate is 0.02. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Analytical models presented for the Penetration of metallic targets
mohammad farahmand khodadad vahedi alireza nadaf rouholah hoseiniThis paper investigates the analytical models presented for projectile ‎penetration in metallic sheets (such ass thin , thick and semi infinite targets) . It has been ‎attempted to present reference models in this field and after that , the analytical ‎works MoreThis paper investigates the analytical models presented for projectile ‎penetration in metallic sheets (such ass thin , thick and semi infinite targets) . It has been ‎attempted to present reference models in this field and after that , the analytical ‎works by domestic and foreign researchers presented. This article can use as a ‎reference for readers interested in analytical studies ( analytical models ) on the penetration of metal ‎targets . And become familiar with various theories presented by researchers‎.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Numerical, Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Penetration Depth of a rigid blunt projectile on the steel targets
mohammad farahmand khodadad vahedi alireza Naddaf Oskouei‏ ‏ rouholah hoseiniIn this paper, the experimental, numerical, and analytical investigation ‎of a blunt rigid projectile to the steel targets is discussed, Therefore, in ‎the first part, the experimental tests are carried out to find the depth of ‎penetration and the projectil MoreIn this paper, the experimental, numerical, and analytical investigation ‎of a blunt rigid projectile to the steel targets is discussed, Therefore, in ‎the first part, the experimental tests are carried out to find the depth of ‎penetration and the projectiles are cylindrical in diameter 10 mm and 20 ‎mm in length with AISI 52100 and steel plates with dimensions of 120 × ‎‎100×10 are selected from AISI 1045. In the second part, the numerical ‎simulation of the impact model in the Abacus software is carried out ‎and the accuracy of the numerical model is verified with 8% error rate ‎of the numerical solution with the experimental results. In the third ‎section, presents an‏ ‏analytical model derived‏ ‏from the Chen analytical‏ ‏model and obtain the depth of projectile penetration. Finally, a ‎comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical results is ‎performed, the results obtained in three solutions (experimental, ‎Numerical and analytical) have acceptable agreement.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Target Vehicle Identification in Curved Roads in Adaptive Cruise Control Systems
Reza Hasiri Behrooz MashhadiToday, adaptive cruise control systems play an important role in automotive technology. The performance of adaptive cruise control systems has a significant impact on the level of satisfaction of a self-driving car. Vehicles equipped with adaptive cruise control maintai MoreToday, adaptive cruise control systems play an important role in automotive technology. The performance of adaptive cruise control systems has a significant impact on the level of satisfaction of a self-driving car. Vehicles equipped with adaptive cruise control maintain distance with the vehicle in front, control speed, and prevent accidents using their technology and with the help of radar antennas, cameras, or laser rangefinders. However, adaptive cruise controls are incapable in some cases such as detecting vehicles on curved roads. In this project, A real-time solution has been proposed to solve this problem. This method will be validated with the help of data obtained from open-source maps and satellite images of roads, and, finally, the results will be analyzed. The performance of the method is evaluated as appropriate so that the risk of accident is reduced to zero because of the correct identification of target vehicles within a normal ACC range. It also has the capability of correct identification of non-target vehicles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - target detection using fusion of hyperspectral and high resolution imagery
saman javaheri Ali asghar torahi seyed mohammad tavakoli sabourIdentification is a mission to learn about the activities, resources, abilities and position of the enemy. Military targets detection can provide commanders with a variety of information on the status of activities, deployment of forces, military arrangement of targets, MoreIdentification is a mission to learn about the activities, resources, abilities and position of the enemy. Military targets detection can provide commanders with a variety of information on the status of activities, deployment of forces, military arrangement of targets, and many other information from a military area. In recent years, the advancement of remote sensing technology has made it possible to produce different images with high resolution Spectral and spatial. fusion of hyperspectral and high resolution imagery can help effectively identify, extract, and produce maps from the constituent elements of an environment. The purpose of this research is to target detection (military) using fusion of hyperspectral and high resolution imagery. For this reason the Hyperion, ALI and OrbView3 data was acquired. Firstly, Hyperion Data Preprocessing was used in terms of unused bands, bad straights, atmospheric correction and geometric correction. The image of Hyperion in a two-step process with panchromatic bands combined ALI and OrbView3 images using gram-schmidt, Pc Spectral, and IHS algorithms. The combined results showed that Gram schmidt had the best spectral and spatial performance. In the next research, the MNF conversion was used to reduce the image size and reduce the noise, and the PPI algorithm of the purest pixels was used to extract the spectral profile in a visual and precise manner compared with the reference spectra. In the following, algorithms, BANDMAX, spectral angle mapper and divergence spectral information were used to identify the targets. The results of the identification of the objectives showed that the BANDMAX method with a Overall accuracy of 89.25 and Kappa coefficient of 0.723 was better than the other two algorithms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Controller designing for use in laser targets in Paralympics shooting
dorna abedini hamed alipour banaei behzad yasrebi -
Open Access Article
56 - Comparison of Targeted Control and Emotional Processing in students with and without Learning Disabilities
سمیه تکلوی مریم زکی زادهAbstract: The aim of this study was to comparison of targeted control and emotional processing in students with and without learning disabilities. The study method was casual-comparative. The study population consisted of all elementary school student in Germy city (N= MoreAbstract: The aim of this study was to comparison of targeted control and emotional processing in students with and without learning disabilities. The study method was casual-comparative. The study population consisted of all elementary school student in Germy city (N= 2300). The sample of study(40 with learning disabilities and 40 without learning disabilities) were Selected by available method. To collect the data, targeted control and emotional processing scales were used. To analyze of data were used multivariate analysis of variance and t-test. The hypothesis of this study was that " students with and without learning disabilities had difference in targeted control and emotional processing ". The findings of research showed that there were significance difference in the targeted control and emotional processing of students with learning disabilities and without learning disabilities. The results were indicated that existence of some failure in the targeted control and emotional processing in learning disabilities, then the need for programs to promote these variables(targeted control and emotional processing) in students with learning disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Effectiveness of teaching Choice Theory on Self-efficacy, Purpose Orientation and Academic Motivation of 9th grade Girl Students of Bonab city in the academic year of 1965-1959.
mahnaz samadian Sholeh Livarjani Amir PanahaliThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching theory of choice, performance orientation, and goal orientation and academic motivation of 9th grade female students of Bonab city. The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-tes MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of teaching theory of choice, performance orientation, and goal orientation and academic motivation of 9th grade female students of Bonab city. The research method was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test design with control group. The statistical population of this study was all 9th grade female students of Bonab city in the academic year of 2016-2017. The sample consists of 30 students. Students were selected by cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental (15 persons) and control (15 persons) groups.. The instrument for collecting questionnaires was Valerendo College's academic motivation questionnaires, orientation of Elliott and McGregor, and McLearry and Bunting's self-efficacy. . All subjects completed their pre-test phase, then the experimental group was selected for the 8th session of the theory education and the second group (control) continued their classroom programs at the same time Finally, the post-test was taken from all the experimental and control groups In order to analyze the data, ANOVA was used.The results indicated an increase in self-efficacy, goal orientation and academic motivation of students in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test phase. Since the implementation of the theory of selection program led to increasing self-efficacy, orientation and academic motivation of students It will be. This program can be used as a useful program for schoolchildren. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Role of Educational Identity and Objectives Orientation in Forecasting the Metacognitive Strategies of Self-Regulatory Learning"
Farzane Yousefi zahraz zeinaddiny vida razavi nematollahi Aman Allah SoltaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of academic identity and target orientation in predicting meta-cognitive strategies of self-regulation learning. For this purpose, 155 first-year undergraduate students at Birjand State Universities in the academic y MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the role of academic identity and target orientation in predicting meta-cognitive strategies of self-regulation learning. For this purpose, 155 first-year undergraduate students at Birjand State Universities in the academic year 2015-2016 Were selected by multistage random cluster sampling. Contributors to the Wass & Isaacson Identity Questionnaire (2008); Meggli's Objective Orientation Scale (1998) and the Motivational Strategies Questionnaire for Learning Pentrich and De Groot (1990). The formal validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts And Cronbach's alpha coefficient for educational identity (0.80), target orientation (0.93) and motivational strategies for learning (0.86). The results were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regression tests using SPSS software. The results of the research showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the variables of the educational identity base and the target orientation (32%) with the criterion variable for metacognitive strategies is self-regulation learning And the beta value (0/526) for the target variable of goal orientation showed that while the effect of academic identity variable on self-regulation learning, The goal orientation variable can be a stronger predictor of self-learning metacognitive strategies. In the study of sub-variables, the results also showed that along with the successful academic identity component (38%) as a strong predictor Strong Metacognitive Strategies for Self-Regulatory Learning; Objective Orientation (8%) can also explain the tendency to use these strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Comparison of Targeted Control and Emotional Processing in students with and without Learning Disabilities
maryam zakizadeh somayeh tokaloyThe aim of this study was to comparison of targeted control and emotional processing in students with and without learning disabilities. The study method was casual-comparative. The study population consisted of all elementary school student in Germy city (N= 2300). The MoreThe aim of this study was to comparison of targeted control and emotional processing in students with and without learning disabilities. The study method was casual-comparative. The study population consisted of all elementary school student in Germy city (N= 2300). The sample of study (40 with learning disabilities and 40 without learning disabilities) were Selected by available method. To collect the data, targeted control and emotional processing scales were used. To analyze of data were used multivariate analysis of variance and t-test. The hypothesis of this study was that "students with and without learning disabilities had difference in targeted control and emotional processing ". The findings of research showed that there were significance difference in the targeted control and emotional processing of students with learning disabilities and without learning disabilities. The results were indicated that existence of some failure in the targeted control and emotional processing in learning disabilities, then the need for programs to promote these variables (targeted control and emotional processing) in students with learning disabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Improving Energy-Efficient Target Coverage in Visual Sensor Networks
Behrooz Shahrokhzadeh Mehdi Dehghan MohammadReza Shahrokhzadeh -
Open Access Article
61 - A Back-Stepping Controller Scheme for Altitude Subsystem of Hypersonic Missile with ANFIS Algorithm
Davood Allahverdy Ahmad Fakharian -
Open Access Article
62 - Visual Tracking using Learning Histogram of Oriented Gradients by SVM on Mobile Robot
Iman Zabbah Shima Foolad Ali Maroosi Alireza Pourreza -
Open Access Article
63 - Corruption Prevention Model Based on the Targets, duties and Authority the Court Audit of Iran
reza zargar Masuod Porkiani Moggan Derakhshan Ayob SheykiAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of th MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of this study consists of all staff of audit (technical-specialized) and administrative departments of accounting department including headquarters and 31 provinces. Sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table (340). In this study, a stratified random sampling method was used and a library method was used to review the literature of the subject under study and a questionnaire was used to collect field data. The validity and reliability of the research instruments were assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and SEM was used to test the model and test the questions and hypotheses. Based on the fit indices, it can be concluded that the variable dimensions of goals, tasks and authorities in Iran's accounting court are in good level and the variable dimensions of corruption control are in strong level. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Court of Accounts is valid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Complete Closest-Target Based Directional FDH Measures of Efficiency in DEA
Mahmood Mehdiloozad Israfil Roshdi -
Open Access Article
65 - A Non-radial Approach for Setting Integer-valued Targets in Data Envelopment Analysis
Reza Kazemi Matin -
Open Access Article
66 - Case study of the statistical distribution of the concretes implemented at Qazvin
Ali Ebrahimi Mahdi Mahdikhani -
Open Access Article
67 - نگرش زبان آموزان ایرانی نسبت به فرهنگ زبان های مقصد و مبدا
غلامرضا عباسیان مژگان کوه پایه زاده غلامرضا اصغرپوربا توجه به ارتباط تنگاتنگ زبان و فرهنگ و وابسته بودن یادگیری زبان به یادگیری فرهنگ ، در این مطالعه تلاش شد تا نگرش زبان آموزان ایرانی رشته زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جنوب تهران در مقاطع کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد نسبت به یادگیری جنبه های فرهنگی هر دو زبان مقصد Moreبا توجه به ارتباط تنگاتنگ زبان و فرهنگ و وابسته بودن یادگیری زبان به یادگیری فرهنگ ، در این مطالعه تلاش شد تا نگرش زبان آموزان ایرانی رشته زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جنوب تهران در مقاطع کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد نسبت به یادگیری جنبه های فرهنگی هر دو زبان مقصد و مبدا مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. در این راستا، پنجاه زبان آموز (25 نفر در مقطع کارشناسی و 25 نفر در مقطع کارشناسی ارشد) که به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شده بودن به سوالات یک پرسشنامه ناظر بر ارتباط با دیدگاه آنها نسبت به فرهنگ زبان های مقصد و مبدا (انگلیسی و فارسی) پاسخ دادند. سپس نتایج بدست آمده بر اساس آزمون خی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل شد که نتایج حاصله داد موید اهمیت فرهنگ هر دو زبان در فرایند یادگیری زبان دوم برای کلیه جامعه آماری می باشد. ضمنا، یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که زبان آموزان در مقطع کارشناسی ارشد نسبت به زبان آموزان در مقطع کارشناسی تمایل بیشتری به یادگیری فرهنگ و زبان مقصد و مبدا دارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Judicial and Legal Investigation of Murdering Arising from Uncertainty in Target with a View on Islamic Penal Code
Kiyoumars kalantari Farshad shirzadifarUncertainty or error in word means mistake, ignorance and unawareness. And in legal sense it means that the murderer targets an objective person but hits somebody else and kills him/her for any reason including lack of skill or involuntary causes. In respect to the impa MoreUncertainty or error in word means mistake, ignorance and unawareness. And in legal sense it means that the murderer targets an objective person but hits somebody else and kills him/her for any reason including lack of skill or involuntary causes. In respect to the impact of error in target on nature of murder, it seems two modes should be distinguished: 1- If a person intends to shoot on a punishable thing, animal or person and his shoot would go wrong and hit a respectful one, in this case the murder is considered as pure error.2- If a person intends to shoot on a respectful one, but his shoot would go wrong and kill another respectful person, this case is assumed as intentional murder according to criminal rights logic. Regarding Shiite jurists view on error in targeting, most of them assume this kind of murder as pure error without distinguishing between shooting to a punishable or a respectful person. The same case is seen in Article 296 Islamic Penal Code (1370). Fortunately, by deleting old article 296 and registering Clause “D†Article 290, the new legislator has been trying to declare that error in targeting where both primary and final target are respectful persons, has no impact on the nature of murder (as according to Article 294, error in identity has no impact on the nature of murder) because if we accept that legislator’s goal is to protect each person not one or some specific one (s), then there is no difference who would be murdered at the end. The important point is that a respectful person is murdered so the murder is considered as intentional murder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Health risk assessment of some toxic trace metals in captured shrimps from the northern coasts of Oman Sea
A. Gholamhosseini N. Shiry Siyavash Soltanian M. AliHeavy metals contamination is one of the most serious problems around the world. Regarding the increasing trend of the tendency for seafood consuming in Iran, assurance to the health of these foods would be of great concern for the consumers. Accordingly, the present st MoreHeavy metals contamination is one of the most serious problems around the world. Regarding the increasing trend of the tendency for seafood consuming in Iran, assurance to the health of these foods would be of great concern for the consumers. Accordingly, the present study was conducted in order to assess the concentrations of some toxic metals in the captured shrimps from the northern coasts of Oman sea as well as to investigate their health risk for the eaters. For this purpose, 40 samples were obtained at two times from each station (Hormoz, Jask, and Chabahar). Samples preparation and measuring of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Ni) have been accomplished via wet digestion method and atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), respectively. Results showed a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed between the cadmium concentrations of shrimps captured from Jask port (0.08 µg/g) with Strait of Hormuz (0.022 µg/g) and Chabahar Bay (0.021 µg/g) samples. Moreover, white Indian shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) contained significantly (P<0.05) more cadmium residues (0.448 µg/g) than other species including Jinga (Metapenaeus affinis), kiddi (Parapenaeopsis stylifera), and banana shrimp (F. merguiensis). Heavy metals contents in all shrimp samples were below the acceptance limit of WHO and FAO standards. Furthermore, total THQ for children (0.258) and adults (0.147) were found less than 1. Consequently, continuous and even daily consumption of the Oman sea shrimps is not a health hazard for the consumers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Assessment of Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr in vegetables grown around Zanjan
A. Afshari H. KhademiThis study was conducted aimed to assess the potential risk of heavy metals on human health resulting from consumption of vegetables. To this end, the vegetables grown around town and industrial center of Zanjan were sampled randomly. Plant samples were digested using h MoreThis study was conducted aimed to assess the potential risk of heavy metals on human health resulting from consumption of vegetables. To this end, the vegetables grown around town and industrial center of Zanjan were sampled randomly. Plant samples were digested using hydrochloric acid (HCL) 2 M and concentration of elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr) were recorded by atomic absorption. Obtained means of heavy metals in all vegetables (N= 32) for Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni and Cr is 98.8, 31.9, 19.3, 4.4 and 2.3 mg/kg, respectively. The highest amount of metal pollution index (MPI) in the basil and the lowest was observed in the garden cress (respectively 16.46 and 4.88). Daily intake (EDI) for zinc, copper and chromium in all age groups was lower than the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI). This amount for nickel was 2, 1.6 and 1.3 %, and for Pb 28.1, 22 and 19 % higher than PTDI in children, adults and seniors, respectively. The potential risk (THQ) was calculated in all age groups as Pb>>Cu>Zn>Ni>Cr. The potential risks (THQ) of chromium, nickel and zinc were calculated lower than 1, for copper a bit more of 1 and for lead much higher than 1. Health index (HI) for children, adults and the elderly was estimated 31.331, 24.58 and 21.14, respectively, with the largest contribution of the lead (89.7%). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Investigating Factors Affecting Cost Management Including Target-based Costing and Value Engineering in Tabriz Iran Khodro Industrial Group
Mohammadali nejhad Sarokalaye Hosein Beyorani Forozan JavanmardiThe aim of the present research is to design the algorithm of the cost management of a business entity in Tabriz Iran Khodro Industrial Group, and it involves the integration of the two methods of target based costing and value engineering. To do so, first a sample incl MoreThe aim of the present research is to design the algorithm of the cost management of a business entity in Tabriz Iran Khodro Industrial Group, and it involves the integration of the two methods of target based costing and value engineering. To do so, first a sample including 47 managers and specialists of Tabriz Iran Khodro Company were selected and a questionnaire was distributed among them. To test the hypotheses of the research, we used average population and ANOVA test. The results of the research showed that profit management and the type of relationship with materials and machinery suppliers for Tabriz Iran Khodro Company have a meaningful relationship with cost management including target costing and value engineering. But customer satisfaction and designing new products didn't have a meaningful relationship with cost management. Also, the results showed that regarding the respondents' viewpoints, using cost management technique cannot be a suitable alternative for the traditional costing system in Tabriz Iran Khodro Company. Finally, the research results showed that regarding the respondents' viewpoints, using cost management technique is not considered to be a necessity in Tabriz Iran Khodro Industrial Group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - A review of the treatment of bone tumours by hyperthermia using magnetic nanoparticles
Athena Ehsani Rayappa Shrinivas Mahale Shika Shayegan Ali Attaeyan Atefeh Ghorbani Shamanth Vasanth Sharath P C Sheyda Shahriari Azadeh Asefnejad -
Open Access Article
73 - A Genetic-based Algorithm to Solve Priority-based Target Coverage Problem in Directional Sensor Networks
Leila Ajam Ali Nodehi Hosein Mohamadi -
Open Access Article
74 - Inflation Targeting: Optimal Control Approach
Mirhosei Mousavi Zahra MostaaniMany countries like Iran are looking to solve the serious problems caused by inflation. In this research, the authors are to present a way for controlling the inflation during 5th development plan during 2008-2016 in Iran by using Optimal Control theory and Time Series MoreMany countries like Iran are looking to solve the serious problems caused by inflation. In this research, the authors are to present a way for controlling the inflation during 5th development plan during 2008-2016 in Iran by using Optimal Control theory and Time Series data of Central Bank during 1998-2007. The interest rate reaction function will be derived and the central bank loss function subject minimized to exchange rate deviation, inflation as well as production behavior. The results indicate that the monetary authorities should increase the interest rate to reduce the liquidity as the cost of financing investments in the production sector. It leads to the control of the inflation directing to the value targeted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Determining the Optimal Interest Rate and Its Effects on Iran's Economy: An Application of Optimal Control Theories
yazdan Naghdi Farshid Efati BaranAbstract The aim of this study is to estimate and calculate the optimal interest rate during the period 1993-2016 in order to achieve an optimal interest rate and a describe economic growth using the optimal control theory. Taking into account Iran’s economic, s MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to estimate and calculate the optimal interest rate during the period 1993-2016 in order to achieve an optimal interest rate and a describe economic growth using the optimal control theory. Taking into account Iran’s economic, social and cultural planning, its economic growth rate is considered 6%, and the inflation targeting 10% in the present research. The results show that in order to achieve the describe economic growth rate of 6% in a year and the inflation targeting rate of 10%, the optimal interest rate needs to be 5.2%. By notice that the bank average interest rate for Iran has been 14.3% in the same period, it is suggested that bank interest rate decreases. This matter will increase investment and ultimately expand production and economic growth in the Iranian economy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - A Two-phase Model for Product Design Development and Evaluation and Supplier Selection in Product Configuration Change Process (Case study: SUPCO)
Mousa Amini Alireza Alinezhad Sepideh Ghasemian -
Open Access Article
77 - Optimal Observer Path Planning in Tracking Two Targets Using Side Angle Measurements
S.Ehsan Razavi Parastoo Poursoltani Naser ParizMulti-target tracking is considered to be a significant issue in various areas of monitoring, supervision, and updated communication services. It is a logical, generalized, single-target tracking problem. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to apply filters to meas MoreMulti-target tracking is considered to be a significant issue in various areas of monitoring, supervision, and updated communication services. It is a logical, generalized, single-target tracking problem. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to apply filters to measure the direction or relative distance of the target from the viewer. Not showing the position of the sensor is the functional advantage of such sensors. One of the main issues in tracking is the dependence of estimation accuracy on the moving path of the viewer when the sensor only measures the direction of the target. With this background in mind, it is essential to estimate the position of the target. The present study aimed to determine the optimal path of the viewer in the tracking of two moving targets in order to improve the tracking performance. Target tracking was performed by a viewer only by measuring the direction of the target toward the viewer. Initially, the viewer path was introduced as a mathematical profile, and its coefficients were determined using an optimization algorithm, which demonstrated the lowest error rate in target tracking using the Kalman filter as an optimal estimator. Afterwards, another path was introduced, which was developed based on the estimates obtained by two Kalman filters, followed by the unscented Kalman filter. At the final stage, the most efficient method to continue the desired viewer path was proposed based on the comparison of the two methods, and the results of the optimization path were obtained using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - A Routing Method for Tracking a Moving Target with a Reduced Energy Consumption Approach
Maryam Hasanhoseini Farhad Mesrinejad Homayoun Mahdavi-NasabNowadays, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are the examples of target tracking by using of large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is to find some usable MoreNowadays, the wireless sensor network (WSN) is used in many different fields and applications. Enemy tracking and wildlife habitats monitoring are the examples of target tracking by using of large number of sensor nodes. The main idea in this area is to find some usable target information such as location, speed and movement direction of the target because they must be available any time. By the way, the sensor nodes in sensor network model have a severe energy limit and cannot be recharged simply. In this paper, an efficient algorithm abbreviated EAASA is presented in order to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the quality of target tracking. The simulation results are compared to the AASA (cluster-based target tracking algorithm) algorithm and show that the proposed algorithm has been able to reduce energy consumption significantly while maintaining tracking quality. This method has increased the life time of the network and reduced the rate of loss of the target. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - An Improved Tracking-Learning-Detection Algorithm for Low Frame Rate
Hooman Moridvaisi Farbod Razzazi Mohammad Ali Pourmina Massoud DoustiThe conventional Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) algorithm is sensitive to illumination change and clutter and low frame rate and results in drift even missing. To overcome these shortcomings and increase robustness, by improving the TLD structure via integr MoreThe conventional Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) algorithm is sensitive to illumination change and clutter and low frame rate and results in drift even missing. To overcome these shortcomings and increase robustness, by improving the TLD structure via integrating mean-shift and co-training learning can be achieved better results undergo low frame rate (LFR) condition and the robustness and accuracy tracking of the TLD structure increases. Because of, the Mean-Shift tracking algorithm is robust to rotation, partial occlusion and scale changing and it is simple to implement and takes less computational time. On the other, the co-training learning algorithm with two independent classifiers can learn changes of the target features in during the online tracking process. Therefore, the extended structure can solve the problem of lost object tracking in LFR videos and other challenges simultaneously. Finally, comparative evaluations of the proposed method to other top state-of-the-art tracking algorithms under the various scenarios from the TB-100 known dataset, demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm compared to other tracking algorithms in terms of tracking robustness and stability performance. Finally, the proposed structure based on the TLD architecture, in scenarios with the various challenges mentioned, will improve on average about 33% of the results, compared to the traditional TLD algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Prioritization and ranking of the target villages Tourism
بهرام ایمانی Ali ArshadiMeshgin city due to the vast rural tourism and historical attractions and has a high potential for attracting tourists, a choice of different tourism opportunities offered to tourists. In this study, using AHP to recreational factors as well as prioritization and rankin MoreMeshgin city due to the vast rural tourism and historical attractions and has a high potential for attracting tourists, a choice of different tourism opportunities offered to tourists. In this study, using AHP to recreational factors as well as prioritization and ranking of tourist villages in the city Meshgin has been studied. The population of the study, tourist villages, experts and university professors who had enough knowledge and experience in the field of rural tourism. Thus, the most important measures affecting tourism were selected from a tourist, And in the form of a questionnaire, comparisons were paired Then, four places in the villages were selected And the score attributed to each criteria in the form of a questionnaire was determined by experts and academics. This study indicates that The infrastructure and service standards with a score of 415/0 final weight the most impact on tourism development or lack of development in targeted areas. And the most important factor is the level of rural area And based on the results of the model village with a final score of 501/0 in the first place was Moeil. And onar village with a final score 318/0 in second place with a final score 181/0 in the village Qsabh is ranked third. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Comparing Behavior of Steel Buildings with Diagonal & Chevron Knee Braced Frames under Lateral Loads
s.mehdi Zahraei Saeid Bahram Masjed bariBracing system is one of typical lateral bearing schemes in steel buildings. If just a limited length of ductile element becomes inelastic, a more controllable behavior is warranted. Knee Braced Frames, KBFs, are among such systems. In this paper, multistory frames (5 a MoreBracing system is one of typical lateral bearing schemes in steel buildings. If just a limited length of ductile element becomes inelastic, a more controllable behavior is warranted. Knee Braced Frames, KBFs, are among such systems. In this paper, multistory frames (5 and 8-story frames) have been modeled with SAP2000 software and their lateral behavior has been studied. Meanwhile some of their properties have been introduced by using criteria such as target displacement, capacity curve (Force-Displacement), formation of plastic hinge and sample designed sections. Better lateral performance of chevron knee braced frames compared to diagonal knee braced frames has been indicated due to more knee elements and thus higher damping. According to the results of chevron knee braced frames, when the height of the structure increases (from 5 to 8 stories), the target displacement increases 65%, base-shear and spectral acceleration decrease 10% and 40% respectively, while in diagonal knee braced frames the target displacement increases 70%, base-shear and spectral acceleration decrease 5% and 40% respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Active Control of Structures Using Active Tendon Subjected to Near Field Earthquakes
Ahmad maleki rasool khodayari hosein yousefpourThis paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS s MoreThis paper studies on active control of structures subjected to near field earthquakes. In order to evaluation of effects of earthquakes with different frequencies three steel structures of 4, 8 and 15 floors with different natural period have been desined using ETABS software based on allowable stress method then opensees software have been used for three dimentional modeling of structures. Considering the impact and frequency content complexity of new field earthquakes, these structures subseetes to new field earthquakes. The different softwares have been used to verify of structures modelling. In order to evaluation of frequency content of earthquake, all of records scaled to 0.6 g then applied to structures. Different dynamic analysis conducted using eleven near field earthquake records and then the results compared to non-controled model to indicate the effect of active tendons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Favored Target Setting using a Hybrid Fuzzy Goal Programming and Data Envelopment Analysis
Mojtaba Ghiyasi -
Open Access Article
84 - تأثیر تنش خشکی در بیان پروتئین HSP70 و398 miRNA در سرخارگل
کوثر مرادی فریبا خلیلیBackground & Aim:Drought is a natural and recurrent climatic characteristic in most parts of the world and plays an important and restrictive role in crop yield. One of these defense mechanisms is the reprogramming of gene expression using microRNAs. MiRNAs regulate MoreBackground & Aim:Drought is a natural and recurrent climatic characteristic in most parts of the world and plays an important and restrictive role in crop yield. One of these defense mechanisms is the reprogramming of gene expression using microRNAs. MiRNAs regulate the gene expression more by inhibiting the translation of mRNA and reducing the expression of target protein expression. Experimental: In the present study, the expression pattern of miR398 and its target gene (NtTG5b) in the leaf tissue of purple coneflower under controlled conditions and four levels of drought stress (85, 75, 50 and 25% Field Capacity (FC) were investigated using qRT-PCR method. To ensure the applying the stress on plants, the heat shock protein (HSP) expression was evaluated as a criterion. Results: The results showed increased expression of HSP in leaf tissue, therefore the selected levels for drought stress were confirmed. The expression of miR398 at each stress level was often the same, and the process of expression of the target genes in most cases revealed an inconsistent process that could be due to the difference between the target cell and the cell in which the miRNA was expressed, so this shows the complex regulatory network of miRNAs. Recommended applications/industries: Finally, it can be concluded that miR398 is a drought-responsive miRNA that may play its effects through leaf development control. This could be an important aspect for future studies, because increasing leaf biomass in conditions that have water constraints can be an incentive to use purple coneflower as a plant for medicine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Factors Related to Immigrants’ Social and Cultural Adjustment in Urban Environments: Accomplished Research using Meta-analysis Method
mohsen safarian Ali moradiThe aim of this study was to investigate the immigrants’ social and cultural adjustment factors in urban environments of Iran using meta-analysis method. The document research method is text-content analysis. The statistical population of the study is research pu MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the immigrants’ social and cultural adjustment factors in urban environments of Iran using meta-analysis method. The document research method is text-content analysis. The statistical population of the study is research published in scientific journals in Iran for a period of 22 years from 1999 to 2022, related to the social and cultural adjustment of immigrants; among them, 25 studies were analyzed from the indexed scientific databases of Jihad Daneshgahi, specialized journals of NoorMags and the database of the country's publications. In the analytical part, first, the statistical presuppositions of expectation bias and homogeneity of the studies were evaluated and then the hypotheses were examined. The results show that five sets of factors including social, economic, cultural, demographic, and psychological were identified in this study, each of which has been studied using several variables. The confidence interval reported by this set of factors ranges from the confidence interval (-0.039 and 0.215) which is related to economic factors rather than the high confidence interval, scope (0.275 to 0.614) as well as the positive value of Z2 number. It can be concluded that demographic factors with an impact factor of 0.510 have the highest adaptability and psychological factors with a minimum level of impact factor with a value of 0.293 have the least impact on the process of social and cultural adjustment of immigrants. Besides, all factors with at least 95% Confidence Interval have a positive effect on immigrants’ social and cultural adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - یک اندازه ورودی محور شعاعی برای بازده به مقیاس تجمعی
رضا کاظمی متین رزا عزیز مهدی میرجابری-- -
Open Access Article
87 - Measuring the capacity of dilapidated urban fabric in line with the housing supply programs of the target groups, case study: dilapidated fabric of Yazd city
fariba athariThe right to provide housing for the community has been recognized as one of the "citizen's rights" in more developed countries since the twenty th century. In developing countries, housing is considered a basic need, but despite the constant emphasis on the importance MoreThe right to provide housing for the community has been recognized as one of the "citizen's rights" in more developed countries since the twenty th century. In developing countries, housing is considered a basic need, but despite the constant emphasis on the importance of housing as a basic need and fundamental right, a significant percentage of urban households are unable to provide it. In our country, the weakness of resource and land management, economic inflation, lack of comprehensive housing planning and other inadequacies have turned the provision of suitable shelter for citizens, especially low-income groups, into an acute problem. The growing demand for housing in the country has drawn the attention of most officials and planners to meet the housing needs of citizens, so that governments have tried to solve this problem with different policies; However, haste, regardless of the principles and foundations of housing in the heart of cities and land annexation to provide housing and horizontal expansion of cities, has become one of the most important problems of urban development in recent decades. While it seems that by using the existing capacities of the city, it could create a suitable platform for guiding residential development. Yazd city, as one of the big cities of Iran, has suffered the most damage from hasty housing policies, and these local policies have fueled its growth and horizontal expansion by ignoring the internal capacities of the urban fabric in residential development. The current research is applied research in the geographical area of Yazd city and aims to measure the habitability capacity of the dilapidated fabric of Yazd city in order to respond to the housing needs of the target groups of the government's housing supply programs and finally to provide suggested implementation strategies and policies in this direction. Gis software is used in data analysis and SOWT analytical method is used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Assessment the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Rural Tourism Target (Case Study: Darsajin and Golabar Villages in the Zanjan Province)
Ahmad Roumiani Khadijah Abbas Rashid Fereydoun KhademOne of the undeniable economic and social facts in human societies is tourism. It is an activity that is accomplished as a response to human being’s inner needs to have relaxation, know various cultures and enjoy natural mint attractions. Rural tourism is one of i MoreOne of the undeniable economic and social facts in human societies is tourism. It is an activity that is accomplished as a response to human being’s inner needs to have relaxation, know various cultures and enjoy natural mint attractions. Rural tourism is one of its subdivisions that can play an important role on rehabilitating villages, reinforcing employment and the residents’ income, protecting natural, historical and cultural heritage and finally causing a sustainable and uniform rural development based on the cultural and natural capacities of the rural districts. Along this, the present research aimed to study the effect of the residents’ support of developing sustainable tourism in Darsajin and Golabar rural districts, located in Abhar and Ijrod counties, respectively. The present research is of an applied type in which descriptive analytical approach is implemented. To gather the required data, Desk work (library) and field work research methods (questionnaire –observation) were used. Statistical population of the present study is composed of residents of the two target rural districts ( Darsajin and Golabar) that was estimated 2825 people based on the census done in 2011.Having applied Cochran formula, 290 questionnaires were distributed randomly among the people who were living in the rural districts. In order to analyze the data (one-sample t-test, multivariate regression, correlation tests) and Lisrel model were utilized. Findings indicated that there is significant relationship between social dependency indices, costs received, social participation, benefits received and the residents’ support of developing tourism industry. Moreover, it was represented that supporting the sustainable tourism in the sample districts by residents had positive and direct effects on tourism growth and improved the quality of the residents’ life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Economic and Social Effects of Cash Subsidies on Rural Communities (Case Study: Azadloo County in Germi Township)
حمید جلالیان اصغر پاشازادهSocial justice (equity) is one of the goals of the development plans. To obtain to this goal, it was considered to targeting the subsidies in I.R. Iran since 2009. The cash subsidy is one of the ways to income transfer and its good distribution with support the low inco MoreSocial justice (equity) is one of the goals of the development plans. To obtain to this goal, it was considered to targeting the subsidies in I.R. Iran since 2009. The cash subsidy is one of the ways to income transfer and its good distribution with support the low income groups. Regarding to this fact, the present research aimed to study the effects of this program on rural households' life as the main portion of the low income groups. This research is a descriptive – analytic one. The statistic so city is the head of the 919 households in azadloo countys villages which 270 samples among them were selected (based on cochruns table). The validity of the quastionaire has been accessed by a number of subject specialists and academicians, and its reliability has been measured by using Cronbach's alpha (was found 0.73). Data analysis was held by some statistic tests such as the Chi - Square test, Kramer V-test, Kendall W-test, Friedman test, MC. Nemar test, Wilcocson W-test, Mann – Whitney U-test, Single T-test, Kolmogorov – Smirnov test, Kroscall – Wallice test, Pierson Correlation Coefficient, Regression, Variance analysis and Contingency Tables in SPSS softeware. The results show that the cash subsidie has led to increase the size of the household (have more child) because of the more cash subsidies, and it has increased the satisfaction, saving, power of purchase and self-reliance. It has changed the consumption pattern from basic goods to nonbasic ones, management of the consumption amaunt, and also led to less employment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Identifying and Ranking Marketing Strategies to Develop Iran's Leather Market: The Case of Maral Leather Company
Hafez Mahfoozi Nilofar ImanKhahAbstract The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the marketing strategy with the approach of development, market, leather, Iran in Maral Leather Company.The present study method was of mixed type of quantitative and qualitative type. Using the snowball method MoreAbstract The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the marketing strategy with the approach of development, market, leather, Iran in Maral Leather Company.The present study method was of mixed type of quantitative and qualitative type. Using the snowball method, 10 people were estimated as the final sample and were interviewed in depth.At the same time, the statistical population included managers, .In this stage, 10 people were selected as the final sample using the purposeful sampling method and answered the prepared questionnaire.Analysis of research data was performed in qualitative stage using open, axial and selective coding and in a small stage using SPSS software and using Friedman test.The results of this study: Induction was the most important criteria of segmentation strategy on product market development in Iranian leather industry, including managers' attention to strategic beliefs, the most important criteria of targeting strategy include how to exploit new and innovative markets and the most important criteria of positioning strategy It has been an industry.Also, according to the results of Friedman test in prioritizing the criteria of targeting strategy, targeting, positioning and segmentation in the Iranian leather market, are: attention, Iranian leather industry and exporters union to the appropriate strategy, identifying the position and personality of strategic resources and the need for strategic resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Interval MULTIMOORA method with target values of attributes based on interval distance and preference degree: biomaterials selection
Arian Hafezalkotob Ashkan Hafezalkotob -
Open Access Article
92 - A sequence of targets toward a common best practice frontier in DEA
Nasim Nasrabadi -
Open Access Article
93 - Multi-objective optimization approach for cost management during product design at the conceptual phase
K. G. Durga Prasad K. Venkata Subbaiah K. Narayana Rao -
Open Access Article
94 - Optimum target value of multivariate processes with unequal non-conforming costs
Babak Abbasi Seyed Taghi Akhavan Niaki Jamal Arkat -
Open Access Article
95 - Preparation and characterization of biodegradable magnetic nanoparticles biodegradable based on polyurethane for gene delivery into MCF-7 cells
Zhale Alirezazad hashem yaghoubi Somayeh Javid Zahra AjamThe folate receptor (FR) is known to be over-expressed extracellularly on a variety of human cancers. Therefore, this molecule is an ideal candidate for targeting nanoparticles to drug delivery using these nanoparticles to cancer cells or cancer tissues. In this study, MoreThe folate receptor (FR) is known to be over-expressed extracellularly on a variety of human cancers. Therefore, this molecule is an ideal candidate for targeting nanoparticles to drug delivery using these nanoparticles to cancer cells or cancer tissues. In this study, we designed an amphiphilic cationic Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, VSM, TEM measurements. FTIR indicated that the synthesis of Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles have been performed successfully. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) showed that the biodegradable-magnetic nanoparticles were superparamagnetic at room temperature. The morphology of the Fe3O4 and Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles were evaluated using a transmission electron microscopy. TEM showed the nanoparticles were spherical in shape. Moreover biocompatibility assay of Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles was performed using MTT test. Also the ability of Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles to DNA delivery into MCF-7 cells were analysis using MTT test and flow cytometry respectively. Interestingly, due to the incorporation of PU and PEG segments, this Fe3O4-PEI-PU-PEG-FA nanoparticles showed less toxicity but better gene transfection efficiency than PEI. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - PEGylation of polyamidoamine-G3 dendrimer bonded with silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles as a pH-sensitive targeted drug delivery system
seyed esmaeil mhamadi mehr Mehdi Faramarzi seyed abotaleb mosavi parsaThis research, reports the fabrication of a new pH-responsive nanocarrier based on iron oxide nanoparticle with dendrimer coating and PEG conjugated for targeted and controlled delivery of chemotherapy drugs to cancer cells. The structure of the nanocarrier was confirme MoreThis research, reports the fabrication of a new pH-responsive nanocarrier based on iron oxide nanoparticle with dendrimer coating and PEG conjugated for targeted and controlled delivery of chemotherapy drugs to cancer cells. The structure of the nanocarrier was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra analysis. transmission electron microscope (TEM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis showed that the nanocarrier has a spherical structure with super paramagnetic properties. The efficiency of nanocarrier was evaluated with cyclophosphamide chemotherapy drug. The in vitro drug release studies at different pH proved the pH-sensitivity of the nanocarrier. Due to the open state of dendritic structure in acidic pH, the maximum release observed at pH 4.5 (lysosomal pH). Mass transfer studies showed that drug release from nanocarrier is rapid in short contact time and slow in long contact time. These results indicate that cyclophosphamide-loaded magnetic nanocarrier is promising for targeted delivery and controlled drug release. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Targeted delivery of Elesclomol to colorectal cancer using a drug delivery system based on magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles
Mojtaba Tarin Maryam Babaei Hossein Eshghi Maryam Matin Amir Shokooh SaljooghiIn this research, the targeted delivery of elesclomol to colorectal cancer cells was explored through the development of magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSNs) loaded with elesclomol and surface modification with gold gatekeepers, bifunctional polyethylene gly MoreIn this research, the targeted delivery of elesclomol to colorectal cancer cells was explored through the development of magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSNs) loaded with elesclomol and surface modification with gold gatekeepers, bifunctional polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) aptamers to improve drug delivery performance. The physicochemical properties of nanocarriers were characterized and the cellular toxicity of elesclomol, and nano-delivery system with and without EpCAM aptamer modification has been investigated in vitro. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) showed that MMSNs had a uniform spherical morphology with a diameter of 19 nm and a negative surface charge. Elesclomol was successfully encapsulated in the open porous structure of the nanocarrier. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading capacity (LC) were about 88% and 39%, respectively. Moreover, the prepared Au-ELC-MMSN-NH2 displayed pH responsive and sustained drug release within 96 h. Targeted nano-delivery systems were prepared with a final diameter of 89 nm and a negative surface charge. The MTT assay revealed that the targeted nano-delivery system induced highly effective cytotoxicity on colorectal cancer cells-expressing EpCAM aptamer (HT-29) compared to the CHO cells. This engineered nano-platform is a promising elesclomol replacement therapy for colorectal cancer. However, further experiments are required before it can be practiced in the clinic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - The Impact of Targeting Subsidies on Economic Development and Entrepreneurship of the Country
hamid kakaei SeyedHosseyn Hosseyni Amer Dehghan NajmAbadiMost countries in the world implement subsidy targeting in a way that can reduce their costs and bring great economic and financial benefits to their community. In Iran, the targeting of subsidies has been implemented in a new way since 2010. The purpose of this study i MoreMost countries in the world implement subsidy targeting in a way that can reduce their costs and bring great economic and financial benefits to their community. In Iran, the targeting of subsidies has been implemented in a new way since 2010. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of targeted subsidies on economic development and entrepreneurship in the country. The statistical population of the study includes 150 employees of the Subsidies Targeting Organization. Based on simple random sampling method and Cochran's formula, 108 people were selected as the sample size. Data analysis was performed using PLS software. The results obtained from the analysis of research data indicate that the targeting of subsidies has a positive and significant effect on the economic development of the country. Also, another result of the research showed that the targeting of subsidies has a positive and significant effect on the development of entrepreneurship in the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The Study of the Effect of Targeted Subsdiy on Food Industrial Sector
Mohammad Sadegh Alipour , Mina Shariyat JafariIn the Iranian economy, especially after the emergence of oil and its rise in price, we have witnessed a significant government presence in the economy and the payment of all kinds of direct and indirect subsidies to the society and manufacturing sectors. In 2010, the g MoreIn the Iranian economy, especially after the emergence of oil and its rise in price, we have witnessed a significant government presence in the economy and the payment of all kinds of direct and indirect subsidies to the society and manufacturing sectors. In 2010, the government took steps to liberalize prices in the energy sector and allocate proceeds to construction, housing, manufacturing, health and health sectors. Releasing energy prices can have an impact on the level of manufacturing and productivity. One of these industries associated with the daily lives of people is the food industry, which plays an important role in the economy.The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of targeting subsidies on the productivity of food industry. Therefore, the statistical society, food industry of Iran and the research period have been considered from 2006 to 2013. Using the econometric model and with the help of Eviews software, the following results are obtained.The coefficients indicate that: The physical capital and machinery variable in the food industry is significant at 5% error level and Lee does not have the required productivity in the food industry. On the other hand, effective exchange rate is one of the variables affecting the growth of production as well as productivity. This variable is significant at the error level of 10% and has a positive effect on the productivity of food industry. The results of this paper show that the variable productivity of human capital in food industry is positive and significant.The results of this paper show that the variable productivity of human capital in food industry is positive and significant. Finally, the results show that the purposefulness of the subsidy, which is significant at 1% error level, has a positive and significant effect on the productivity of food industry. In enforcing the targeted subsidy policies, businesses have been able to improve their situation and experience a competitive environment in production and increase productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - ترجمه و ایدئولوژی: ترجمه انگلیسی کتاب سرنوشت پرینوش صنیعی
Nahid Fakhrshafaieترجمه همواره تحت تأثیر ایدئولوژی بوده است. کتاب سرنوشت اثر پرینوش صنیعی نمونه ای بارز از این مقوله است. این کتاب به 26 زبان ترجمه شده است و یکی از 75 ترجمه برجسته ادبیات جهان امروز در سال 2013 است. نسخه ایتالیایی نیز جایزه بوکاچو 2010 را برای صنیعی به ارمغان آورد. پژوهش Moreترجمه همواره تحت تأثیر ایدئولوژی بوده است. کتاب سرنوشت اثر پرینوش صنیعی نمونه ای بارز از این مقوله است. این کتاب به 26 زبان ترجمه شده است و یکی از 75 ترجمه برجسته ادبیات جهان امروز در سال 2013 است. نسخه ایتالیایی نیز جایزه بوکاچو 2010 را برای صنیعی به ارمغان آورد. پژوهش حاضر به عنوان یک پژوهش کیفی کتابخانه ای، تلاش میکند به این سؤال پاسخ دهد که چرا کتابی که در زبان مبدأ فاقد ارزش ادبی است، چنین استقبال و محبوبیتی در زبان مقصد پیدا میکند؟ با وجود تغییراتی که مترجم در متن اصلی برای بهبود آن ایجاد می کند، ترجمه همچنان دارای نقاط ضعف متن اصلی است: شخصیت ها اغراق آمیز، احساساتی و کلیشه ای هستند. علاوه بر این، روایت قهرمان داستان از شرایط اجتماعی در یک دوره بحرانی تاریخ ایران به شدت تک بعدی و سطحی است. این مطالعه نتیجه می گیرد که موفقیت این رمان به عنوان یک کتاب پرفروش در بسیاری از کشورهای غربی به این دلیل است که رمان تصویر کلیشه ای غربی از شرق و شرقی ها را تأیید و بازتولید می کند. در این تصویر کلیشه ای از شرق، قهرمان زن داستان فرشته گون است و پدر و برادران بی رحم او به صورت شخصیت های اهریمنی به تصویر کشیده شده اند. بنابراین، خواننده غربی رمانی با رمانی مواجه می شود که تکرار گفتمان غربی در مورد شرق و شرقی ها است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - مطالعه موارد خاص فرهنگ در "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی بر اساس طبقه بندی Vinay و Darbelnet
سید سهام الدین سید محسن Mahshad Tasnimiبه دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه Moreبه دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی استراتژی های مورد استفاده برای ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی در رمان "دوزخ" (براون ، ۲۰۱۳) از انگلیسی به فارسی توسط مترجم ایرانی منیژه جلالی (۲۰۱۳) انجام شده است. ابتدا داده ها بر اساس مدل های نظری نیومارک (۱۹۸۸) و آیکسلا (۱۹۹۶) از متن منبع استخراج شد. سپس ، طبقه بندی وینی و داربلنت (۱۹۵۸) برای یافتن استراتژی های مورد استفاده توسط مترجم جهت ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی استفاده شد. برای رسیدن به هدف مطالعه ، محقق ۱۰۰۰ عناصر فرهنگی را از رمان "دوزخ" استخراج کرد. ترجمه های فارسی این موارد با استفاده از یک طرح توصیفی مبتنی بر پیکره برای شناسایی معادل های انتخاب شده توسط مترجم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل محتوا نشان داد که مترجم از 12 نوع استراتژی مختلف استفاده کرده است: وام گیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی ، اقتباس ، تصریح ، تعمیم ، افزایش ، جابجایی ، گرته برداری ، جزئی سازی ، کاهش ، معادل سازی و تلویح. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که وامگیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی و افزایش متداول ترین و پر تکرار ترین روش های ترجمه، در حالی که معادل سازی ، جزئی سازی ، تلویح و جابجایی کم تکرار ترین موارد استفاده شده بودند. همچنین مشخص شد که از استراتژی «ترجمه تعدیلی» در مورد عناصر فرهنگی در ترجمه رمان "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی استفاده نشده است. نتایج این مطالعه برای خوانندگان عام ، مترجمان و معلمان ترجمه مفید است تا استراتژی های ترجمه مناسب تری را انتخاب کنند ، که نتیجه آن درک بهتر کتاب های ادبی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - موارد خاص فرهنگی در ترجمه انگلیسی به فارسی Inferno: طبق طبقه بندی Vinay و Darbelnet
Seyed Sahameddin Seyed Mohsen Mahshad Tasnimiبه دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه Moreبه دلیل تفاوت بین فرهنگ های زبان مبدا و مقصد ، همیشه در ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی مشکلاتی وجود داشته است. به عنوان مثال ، اختلافات بین زبان ها در مورد ادیان ، آیین ها ، لباس ها ، غذا و هنجارهای ارتباطی وجود دارد ، اگرچه برخی از فرهنگ ها ممکن است بسیار به هم نزدیک باشند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی استراتژی های مورد استفاده برای ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی در رمان "دوزخ" (براون ، ۲۰۱۳) از انگلیسی به فارسی توسط مترجم ایرانی منیژه جلالی (۲۰۱۳) انجام شده است. ابتدا داده ها بر اساس مدل های نظری نیومارک (۱۹۸۸) و آیکسلا (۱۹۹۶) از متن منبع استخراج شد. سپس ، طبقه بندی وینی و داربلنت (۱۹۵۸) برای یافتن استراتژی های مورد استفاده توسط مترجم جهت ترجمه عناصر فرهنگی استفاده شد. برای رسیدن به هدف مطالعه ، محقق ۱۰۰۰ عناصر فرهنگی را از رمان "دوزخ" استخراج کرد. ترجمه های فارسی این موارد با استفاده از یک طرح توصیفی مبتنی بر پیکره برای شناسایی معادل های انتخاب شده توسط مترجم مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل محتوا نشان داد که مترجم از 12 نوع استراتژی مختلف استفاده کرده است: وام گیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی ، اقتباس ، تصریح ، تعمیم ، افزایش ، جابجایی ، گرته برداری ، جزئی سازی ، کاهش ، معادل سازی و تلویح. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که وامگیری ، ترجمه تحت اللفظی و افزایش متداول ترین و پر تکرار ترین روش های ترجمه، در حالی که معادل سازی ، جزئی سازی ، تلویح و جابجایی کم تکرار ترین موارد استفاده شده بودند. همچنین مشخص شد که از استراتژی «ترجمه تعدیلی» در مورد عناصر فرهنگی در ترجمه رمان "دوزخ" از انگلیسی به فارسی استفاده نشده است. نتایج این مطالعه برای خوانندگان عام ، مترجمان و معلمان ترجمه مفید است تا استراتژی های ترجمه مناسب تری را انتخاب کنند ، که نتیجه آن درک بهتر کتاب های ادبی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Contrastive Analysis of Political News Headlines Translation According to Berman’s Deformative Forces
shaghayegh sadeghi Bahram Mowlaie -
Open Access Article
104 - تدوین برنامه درسی ESP از طریق تحلیل نیازهای دانشجویان نیروی انتظامی مرزبانی دانشگاه انتظامی امین: تحلیل وضعیت هدف
Mehdi Javid Ahmad Mohseni Alireza Ameri Abdollah Baradaran -
Open Access Article
105 - Exploring the Role of Occurring Errors Distribution in the Distribution of Corrective Feedback Targets
Servat Shirkhani -
Open Access Article
106 - ترجمه و ایدئولوژی: مورد ترجمه انگلیسی کتاب سرنوشت پرینوش صنیعی
Nahid Fakhrshafaieترجمه همواره تحت تأثیر ایدئولوژی بوده است. کتاب سرنوشت اثر پرینوش صنیعی نمونه ای بارز از این مقوله است. این کتاب به 26 زبان ترجمه شده است و یکی از 75 ترجمه برجسته ادبیات جهان امروز در سال 2013 است. نسخه ایتالیایی نیز جایزه بوکاچو 2010 را برای صنیعی به ارمغان آورد. پژوهش Moreترجمه همواره تحت تأثیر ایدئولوژی بوده است. کتاب سرنوشت اثر پرینوش صنیعی نمونه ای بارز از این مقوله است. این کتاب به 26 زبان ترجمه شده است و یکی از 75 ترجمه برجسته ادبیات جهان امروز در سال 2013 است. نسخه ایتالیایی نیز جایزه بوکاچو 2010 را برای صنیعی به ارمغان آورد. پژوهش حاضر به عنوان یک پژوهش کیفی کتابخانه ای، تلاش میکند به این سؤال پاسخ دهد که چرا کتابی که در زبان مبدأ فاقد ارزش ادبی است، این چنین استقبال و محبوبیت زیادی در زبان مقصد پیدا میکند؟ با وجود تغییراتی که مترجم در متن اصلی برای بهبود آن ایجاد می کند، ترجمه همچنان دارای نقاط ضعف متن اصلی است: شخصیت ها اغراق آمیز، احساساتی و کلیشه ای هستند. علاوه بر این، روایات قهرمان داستان از زندگی اجتماعی به تصویر کشیده شده در دوره اقلیمی تاریخ ایران به شدت تک بعدی و سطحی هستند. این مطالعه نتیجه می گیرد که موفقیت این رمان به عنوان یک کتاب پرفروش در بسیاری از کشورهای غربی به این دلیل است که تصویر کلیشه ای غربی از شرق و شرقی را تأیید و احیا می کند. در این تصویر کلیشه ای از شرق، قهرمان داستان آنجلیک است و پدر و برادران بی رحم او به عنوان شخصیت های اهریمنی بازنمایی می شوند. بنابراین، خواننده غربی رمانی را می یابد که مفهوم غربی شرق و شرقی را بازیابی می کند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - بهبود مدلسازی کلاتر دریا و آشکارسازی هدف توسط تابع Tsallis
وحید طباطباوکیلی محمد واحدیکلاتر دریا بازگشت­های راداریِ سطحی از دریاست که توسط یک رادار پالسی آشکار شده و یکی از بخش­های پیچیده در مدل­سازی کلاتر رادار است. تاکنون تلاش­های زیادی برای برازش دامنۀ کلاتر دریا به توزیع­های آماری مختلف صورت پذیرفته ولی حالت غیرایستان کلاتر دریا ب Moreکلاتر دریا بازگشت­های راداریِ سطحی از دریاست که توسط یک رادار پالسی آشکار شده و یکی از بخش­های پیچیده در مدل­سازی کلاتر رادار است. تاکنون تلاش­های زیادی برای برازش دامنۀ کلاتر دریا به توزیع­های آماری مختلف صورت پذیرفته ولی حالت غیرایستان کلاتر دریا باعث می­شود تا برازش داده­های کلاتر به توزیع به­طور کامل انجام نشده و پارامترهای توزیع­ها به­صورت تخمینی به­دست آید که این مقوله عمل آشکارسازی هدف را از میان کلاتر دشوار می­سازد. توزیع Tsallis یکی از توزیع­هایی است که در دهه اخیر برای مدل­سازی کلاتر دریا پیشنهاد شده است. این توزیع از آنتروپی Tsallis که تعمیم یافتۀ آنتروپی شانون است، به­دست می­آید. با بررسی شبیه­سازی­های انجام­شده، دو نقطه ضعف دیده شد، اولاً به­دلیل استفاده از گام کوچک در تخمین پارامترها ، زمان مدل­سازی زیاد است و ثانیاً به­دلیل استفاده از دنبالة کوتاه شدة داده­های کلاتر، دقت آشکارسازی هدف پائین است. در این مقاله با درنظرگرفتن گام بزرگتر، سرعت تخمین پارامترها افزایش و با وارد کردن تمامی نمونه­ها در شبیه­سازی وکاهش خطا، دقت و اطمینان­پذیری آشکار­سازی هدف بهبود یافته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Skin drug release and antifungal activity of econazole-containing silica nanoparticles
maryam montazeri Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi Alireza Feizbakhsh, , Mehdi Razzaghi-AbyanehBackground & Objectives: Silica Nanoparticles (MCM41) are silica mesopores (MSNs), which have large pores and relatively low density. The purpose of this study was to load Econazole onto silica nanoparticles (MCM41-NH2 and MCM41) And release of econazole in human sk MoreBackground & Objectives: Silica Nanoparticles (MCM41) are silica mesopores (MSNs), which have large pores and relatively low density. The purpose of this study was to load Econazole onto silica nanoparticles (MCM41-NH2 and MCM41) And release of econazole in human skin (Ex-Vivo) then the antifungal effect of loaded econazole on silica nanoparticles was investigated. Materials & Methods: In this study, MCM41 was prepared, then MCM41-NH2 nanoparticles were provided by using amine cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and finally, the drug econazole was loaded on it. The morphology of the nanoparticles was determined by SEM and drug loading by FT-IR. Francescell and UV-Vis were used to measure the release. The release cream from the skin containing 1/1 drug and nanoparticles was prepared. Finally, the anti-fungal effect of ECO/MSNs was investigated in three ways. Francescell device was also used to check skin release. Results: Silica nanoparticles were prepared about 300 nanometers Release of the drug into the skin showed that during the first 8 hours 80% release and then up to 24 hours of continuous drug release. Antifungal effect by disk diffusion method showed that ECO/MCM41 had a larger inhibitory effect and also minimal inhibition of fungal growth (MIC) 75 mg/ml. Antifungal tests showed that no fungus grew after 72 hours.the antifungal effect as well as ECO / MCM41 (MIC) was greater in methanol. Conclusion: The antifungal effect of the newest agar method was not suitable for this drug. Therefore, as a suitable drug in the cream, a drug loaded with methanol is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Cognitive study of metaphorical verbs in Holy Quran
Ahmad Mohamadi Maryam MoradiThe subject of this research is the study of metaphorical verbs in the text of Holy Quran and their semantic nature from the perspective of cognitive linguistics on the basis of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphors. This method examines the relatio MoreThe subject of this research is the study of metaphorical verbs in the text of Holy Quran and their semantic nature from the perspective of cognitive linguistics on the basis of Lakoff and Johnson’s theory of conceptual metaphors. This method examines the relationship between the language of man, his mind and his physical and social experiences. Based on the contemporary theory of metaphor, a specific semantic domain is presented the context of an abstract-conceptual domain by experimental foundation mapping between the two areas of origin and destination. For example, the use of verbs such: “dominates” to express the abstract concept of “conquest”, the verb “extend” which is the spatial concept to express the abstract meaning of “time” and the verb “turning to” to express the abstract of “admission”. Considering the allegorical and metaphorical nature of the Quran’s language to facilitate the perception of spiritual concepts and the difficult meaning that could not be described directly to human beings, many of the verbs in Holy Quran have been based on human physical experiences of communicating with the world around them and providing areas for effective communication and perception of the verses. In this way, the study of the cognitive and conceptual domains of this verbs will provide new curable ways to achieve a systematic and precise semantic framework for the further perception of this spiritual treasures of human history. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Analysis of energy price reform effects on production and price in the agricultural sector
علی اصغر اسماعیل نیا شهرام وصفی اسفستانیAbstract This paper evaluates amounts of subsidies in the agricultural sector and estimates the effects of the implementation of price adjustment and targeted energy subsidies on economic growth and agricultural production. The methodology used is input-output analysis MoreAbstract This paper evaluates amounts of subsidies in the agricultural sector and estimates the effects of the implementation of price adjustment and targeted energy subsidies on economic growth and agricultural production. The methodology used is input-output analysis. The results show that the rising energy prices have increasing effect on the agricultural sector production. Price analysis of targeted energy subsidies shows that animal products increased more than 82 percent. Targeted energy subsidies could reduce 6.9 percent of output in all economic sectors and this reduction will be different for different economic sectors. This study shows that Output reduction is approximately 15.56 percent in Food, Beverage and Tobacco sector and 7.75 percent in agriculture and horticulture sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The ambiguities of International Humanitarian Law application on World War against Terrorism
Mahdi Heydarifard Ali Pour Ghassab Amirithe entry of non-governmental Emtities is one of the important indicators of contemporary wars that causes unbalanced structure of conflicts. In recent decades, rapid advances in weapons technology increased the gap between the warring parties in terms of military capab Morethe entry of non-governmental Emtities is one of the important indicators of contemporary wars that causes unbalanced structure of conflicts. In recent decades, rapid advances in weapons technology increased the gap between the warring parties in terms of military capabilities, the upsetting of the balance of power and divided them into strong and weak. As a result we have witnessed the innovation of Asymmetric, Non-structured war methods based on Unconventional using ofArmed tools and tactics, such as resorting to terrorist acts. The emergence of these methods has expanded the scope of military conflict to civil society and reduced the complience of the parties to basic principles of international humanitarian law as the only legal means to protect the lives of civilians and propert against military attacks. in the nature of today's wars and the shift to non-governmental conflicts with ethnic, religious and identity goals has led to the development of the battlefield and the entry of civilians as fighters, which has greatly blurred the line between military and civilian. Finally, the lack of international consensus on the definition of terrorism and its examples, the political approach of countries and sometimes,Hiring of terrorist groups, the monopoly of the application of humanitarian law principles on war situations while some terrorist acts take place outside the battlefield. .. are some of the factors that have intensified this challenge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Determining the Most Important Financing Strategies in the Worn-Out texture of Urban Recreation Targets and Neighborhoods, Using Network Fuzzy Range Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (NFRAM DEA) (Case Study: Javanmard Qasab Neighborhood, District 20 of Tehran Municipality)
SARA hadavand Mohammad Ebrahim Mohammadpour Zarandi MEHRZAD minoueiImprovement and redevelopment measures in Worn-Out texture, Urban Recreation Targets, and Neighborhoods,are a multifaceted and progressive issue, and the extent to which these reductions have been beneficial has increased in both dimensions and dimensions. This study ex MoreImprovement and redevelopment measures in Worn-Out texture, Urban Recreation Targets, and Neighborhoods,are a multifaceted and progressive issue, and the extent to which these reductions have been beneficial has increased in both dimensions and dimensions. This study examines the idea of whether data envelopment analysis models (Network Fuzzy Range Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (NFRAM DEA)) can be used to make the right decisions to finance these areas. This study, through reviewing the literature and examining the theoretical foundations, identifies the factors that influence the selection of financing methods for 50 Javanmard Qasab neighborhood district 20 of Tehran municipality plates (homogeneous plaque in terms of land area). Determines the government and residents and then proposes financing options for each license plate. The results of this study indicate the practical application of data envelopment analysis method (Network Fuzzy Range Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (NFRAM DEA)) to calculate the efficiency of financing methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The effects of electricity tariff liberalization on economic growth in the form of calculable general equilibrium model (CGE)
Aliakbar Mehrabian Abbas Memarnezhad Seyedshamsoldin Hosseini Farhad GhafariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity tariff liberalization on value added and growth of different economic sectors based on designing a general equilibrium model that can be calculated for Iran and using the social accounting matrix in MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of electricity tariff liberalization on value added and growth of different economic sectors based on designing a general equilibrium model that can be calculated for Iran and using the social accounting matrix in 2011. The government intended to organize the use of energy subsidies in addition to establishing justice in society by implementing the law on targeted subsidies. In this study, the policy of subsidy reform and electricity tariff liberalization has been studied in the form of two scenarios. The first scenario was a 50% reduction in subsidies paid in the electricity sector and the second scenario was the complete elimination of subsidies in the electricity sector. The results of this study showed that the change in electricity tariffs has led to an increase in value added growth in various economic sectors in both scenarios. Meanwhile, the sectors of oil and natural gas, food and electricity supply, water and gas have shown the highest growth in the second scenario compared to the first scenario, and the sectors of construction, wood and paper, non-metallic minerals and other industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Investigating the Asymmetric Effect of Deviation from Target Leverage and Asset Turnover on the Optimal Capital Structure Adjustment Speed
Mohammad Ebrahim Rabeti Khatibi Negar Khosravi PourAbstract: Determining the optimal capital structure is one of the basic issues of financial provision of companies. This matter has an important application in the field of decision-making regarding the financing of current operations and investment plans of companies. MoreAbstract: Determining the optimal capital structure is one of the basic issues of financial provision of companies. This matter has an important application in the field of decision-making regarding the financing of current operations and investment plans of companies. Due to the lower risk of debt securities, the expected return of creditors is also lower than the expected return of shareholders. The main goal of this research is Investigating the Asymmetric Effect of Deviation from Target Leverage and Asset Turnover on the Optimal Capital Structure Adjustment Speed. the data of 119 companies during the years 2010 to 2021 were analyzed using the using the method of generalized moments. The results of the research showed that considering that the difference in speed between these two modes is statistically significant, it can be said that, consistent with the trade-off theory, deviation from the target lever is one of the factors affecting the Structure Adjustment Speed. Also, the results show that the speed of leverage adjustment will be significantly higher in companies that have a cash deficit compared to other companies. Also, examining the interactive effects of two variables, deviation from the target leverage and turnover imbalance on the capital structure adjustment speed, shows that in companies whose leverage is higher than the target and facing cash surplus, the annual adjustment speed is 88%, and in companies with leverage is lower than the target and facing a cash deficit, the speed of adjustment is not significant, and in companies whose leverage is higher than the target and facing a cash deficit, the annual adjustment speed is estimated at 59%. Therefore, based on the results of the companies whose leverage is higher or lower than the target, the surplus of cash funds compared to the deficit of cash funds has led to strengthening the adjustment speed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Effective social factors on non-verbal sexual harassment of women with disabilities in Mazandaran province
Afagh Rostamian Aali Rahmani Firouzjah AliAsghar Abbasi AsafjirIn our society, empirical research on social factors affecting sexual harassment, including non-verbal (physical and non-physical) sexual harassment among women with disabilities is not very common; Therefore, in this study, non-verbal sexual harassment in relation to w MoreIn our society, empirical research on social factors affecting sexual harassment, including non-verbal (physical and non-physical) sexual harassment among women with disabilities is not very common; Therefore, in this study, non-verbal sexual harassment in relation to women with disabilities in Mazandaran province was evaluated. The study population is all women and girls with disabilities in Mazandaran province (9417 people) and finally 343 questionnaires were described and analyzed. The theoretical framework is based on the theory of routine activity and lifestyle. The research method was a survey and the data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS. The results of descriptive statistics show that 50.4% of the respondents have been moderately abused non-verbally. The results of regression test showed that the lifestyle variable with the value of regression coefficient (0.445) and a positive and direct effect had the greatest effect on non-verbal sexual harassment of women with disabilities in Mazandaran province. Also, appropriate goal variables with a regression coefficient of 0.167 and a positive and direct effect, as well as the presence of a powerful protector with a regression coefficient of 0.115, each with a negative and inverse effect, each had a significant effect on nonverbal sexual harassment of women with disabilities. The results of the hypotheses related to the effectiveness of each of these variables were confirmed experimentally. The results of the research indicate the confirmation of the assumptions of the theory of routine activity and lifestyle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Investigating the Effect between Overall & Partial Efficiency of Financing Methods from the Perspective of Governance and Residents of the Worn-Out texture of Urban Recreation Targets and Neighborhoods, Using Network Fuzzy Range Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis (NFRAM DEA) method (Case Study: Javanmard Qasab Neighborhood, District 20 of Tehran Municipality)
sara hadavand mohammad ebrahim mohammad pourzarandi mehrzad minoueiThis analytical-descriptive article seeks to explain the impact of overall and partial of efficiency governance and residents on selected financing methods in the Javanmard Qassab neighborhood. The statistical population was all residential properties located in this ne MoreThis analytical-descriptive article seeks to explain the impact of overall and partial of efficiency governance and residents on selected financing methods in the Javanmard Qassab neighborhood. The statistical population was all residential properties located in this neighborhood, of which 50 homogeneous license plates were selected in terms of land area by non-random sampling method. Using fuzzy data envelopment analysis model, Network Fuzzy Range Adjusted Measure Data Envelopment Analysis, overall and partial efficiency was calculated and classified into three groups by using the K-means Clustring technique. Findings from Pearson correlation coefficient and F-test & test of significance (Two-tailed) of variance in SPSS software environment show that there is a direct and positive relationship between overall efficiency and part of residents in all financing methods with an average correlation coefficient of 0.834 with a significant level of 99%. It is more prominent in the process of improvement and modernization. The findings show a direct relationship between overall efficiency and governance with a mean correlation coefficient of 0.570. The results suggest that there is no significant relationship between residents' performance efficiency and governance, which indicates a lack of correlation in financing between government and people's interests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - An Assessment of Foreign Portfolio Investment in Hierarchical Model based on Topsis Algorithm
Gholamreza Amini Khiabani Karim HamdiPortfolio or Stock Investment is one of the most important investment methods especially in foreign market. In regulation of Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, stock investment is classified in 5 different sections including “St MorePortfolio or Stock Investment is one of the most important investment methods especially in foreign market. In regulation of Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, stock investment is classified in 5 different sections including “Stocks of Corporation”, “Bonds”, “Fellow of Banking Capital”, “Trading Securities”, and “Governmental Treasury Bills”. Gathering the data by means of a questionnaire distributed among the target population including managers and experts of the Organization for Investment Economic and Technical Assistance of Iran, we investigate on stock investment methods in foreign market in hierarchical model based on Topsis algouritm. Due to the answers gathered from the questionnaire, we identified 8 factors effective on portfolio investment to be used in topsis algorithm. These effective factors was entered to a decision making matrix, using in ranking portfolio investment styles based on ideal solutions technique. Results showed that the corporation stocks is the first and the top priority for international portfolio investors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Studying the Role of Subsidy Fertile at Dehaghan Urban Family Energy
A. Hortamani A. Mirtalaee M. KarimkhaniThis study examines household energy consumption (water, electricity and gas) before and after the subsidies have been investigated. The results of this research project show that the amount of any energy items (water, electricity and gas )has reduced significantl MoreThis study examines household energy consumption (water, electricity and gas) before and after the subsidies have been investigated. The results of this research project show that the amount of any energy items (water, electricity and gas )has reduced significantly in the first six months of 1390(2011)in comparison with that of the same period in 1389(2010)In the next step of this research project the effect of some variables such as the number of the people in a family, as well as the educational status occupation and the gender of the head of the family has been investigated .The results indicate that regarding the electricity, the number of the people in a family and the occupation and the gender of the head of the family has had significant effects on the reduction of the amount of electricity consumed by the households. However the educational status of the head of the family as a variable have had no significant effect on the trend of consumption .Also, with respect to the water the performance of the related statistical experiments (tests)Showed that only the number of the people of the family (as a variable)has influenced the changes regarding the amount of consumed water by the household and other variables such as the gender or the occupation of the head of the family have had no significant effect on the process of the reduction of the consumption of water. At last, with respect to gas, none of the variables that is, the number of the people in a family, the occupation and the gender and the educational status of the head of the family have had no significant effect on the reduction of the consumption of gas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Levels of Heavy Metals in Pasta Available in the Nigerian Market: Assessing the Human Health Implications
Janefrances Ihedioha Irene Atiatah Nwachukwu Ekere Jonnie Asegbeloyin -
Open Access Article
120 - Determination of Heavy Metals Contamination on Smoked Fish Sold at Some Fish Markets in Borno State, Nigeria
Mathias Nzitiri Bwala Tijjani Sabiu Imam Idris Umar Zungum -
Open Access Article
121 - Trace Element Content and Potential Human Health Risk from Consumption of the Deep-water Rose Shrimp Parapenaeus longirostris (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Pagasitikos Gulf, Greece
Konstantinos Skordas Alexios Lolas Christina Gounari Konstantinos Georgiou Nikolaos Neofitou Dimitrios Vafidis -
Open Access Article
122 - An Overview of Application of Diferent Nanoparticles in the Treatment of Various Types of Cancer and Investigation of their Cytotoxicity
Elham RostamiChitosan, made of deacetylated of chitin and the amino polysaccharide, is one of the greatest convenient biopolymers, which has large possibilities to be modified for new features of nano-medicine and being used in biomedical fields. Having responsibility of various fea MoreChitosan, made of deacetylated of chitin and the amino polysaccharide, is one of the greatest convenient biopolymers, which has large possibilities to be modified for new features of nano-medicine and being used in biomedical fields. Having responsibility of various features such as cationic nature and controlled drug release, are to the primary amine functional groups in chitosan. There are great properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, loading capacity and an efficient way to avoid undesirable reactions, since the toxicity and side effects of systemic administration are reduced by adjusting Chitosan NPs, they are commonly synthesized as drug carriers. Achieving targeted delivery of drug is due to using peptides, antibodies, aptamer or small molecules. Mentioned methods lower using dosage of adequate drugs. Additionally, they lead the drugs to the targets. Also, the cytotoxicity studies of various nanoparticles and their pharmacokinetic studies have been carried out. The purpose of this review article is to show the importance of the characteristics of antibody-bound, magnetic, pH-sensitive conjugated chitosan nanoparticles in targeted drug delivery and to investigate the effect of these nanoparticles on different types of cancer cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - The Impact of Strategic Thinking on Organizational Change Capacity
Efat Haji hoseini tahmores Aghajani Behzad SHoghiThis study examined the impact of strategic thinking on organizational change capacity in water and sanitation centers in Yazd province. The method according to purpose was Practical, in terms of data collectionDescriptive, As well as the type of data was quantitative. MoreThis study examined the impact of strategic thinking on organizational change capacity in water and sanitation centers in Yazd province. The method according to purpose was Practical, in terms of data collectionDescriptive, As well as the type of data was quantitative. The population were consisted of 190 front-line employees and managers that using Cochran formula and stratified random sampling method Was considered 123 as the sample size. To collect the data was used strategic thinking Lydka (1998) and organizational change capacity Judge (2009) questionnairs. After collecting the questionnaires, Data describing was carried by mean, standard deviation, percent, abundance and was done by the software spss. And data inferential statistics was performed through structural equations modeling and software Smart PLS 2 In two parts, the measurement model and structural section. In the first part of the questionnaire were assessed Technical characteristics including reliability, validity, convergent and divergent validity by PLS. In the second part for reviews research hypotheses were used Path coefficient and software significant effects. Results showed that The proposed degree of appropriateness was appropriate according to the research component. As well as strategic thinking and each of its components was affected on organizational change capacity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Investigation of Verdict of Homicide Due to Mistaken Target in ImamiyaFiqh
elham salehi Aliakbar jahaniMistake in murder is one of the controversial issues in jurisprudence and criminal law, and its different forms include: mistake in identity, mistake in purpose, and mistake in action. Considering the fact that the legislator in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2012 h MoreMistake in murder is one of the controversial issues in jurisprudence and criminal law, and its different forms include: mistake in identity, mistake in purpose, and mistake in action. Considering the fact that the legislator in the Islamic Penal Code approved in 2012 has explicitly discussed the mistake in identity, but the sentence of the other two cases has not been specified in the law, among the great jurists and according to them, among the jurists, in the sentence of mistake in the purpose of the dispute. Is. What is debatable about the issue of mistake in the target is whether the murder caused by the mistake in the target is considered intentional or pseudo-intentional or a pure mistake? Does the perpetrator deserve retribution or should he pay ransom? Considering the legal gap that exists in this type of murder, re-reading and criticizing the foundations of jurisprudence in a library and documents method as well as using a descriptive-argumentative and analytical-interpretive method indicates that whenever a life is killed in If the target is mistakenly committed to murder against him, the act committed is considered as intentional and the murderer will be entitled to pay the ransom, unless the perpetrator of the murder is the target person, but due to a mistake in the target, the shot hits another target, which is not his intention. and is killed and there is a possibility of injury, in this case it is considered intentional murder. Manuscript profile
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