The new generation of nuclear reactors, ADS
Subject Areas :
Radio active
Javad Karimi
1
,
Mohammad Mehdi Firooz Abadi
2
1 - PhD Student, Nuclear Physics, Imam Hossein Comprehensive University*(Corresponding Authours).
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Physics, University of Birjand
Received: 2015-10-10
Accepted : 2016-04-13
Published : 2020-01-21
Keywords:
Transmutation,
Subcritical Core,
ADS reactor,
Spallation Target,
Abstract :
Background and Objective:Today, nuclear reactors as a major source of energy in the world, is developing considerably. The main disadvantage of nuclear reactors is producing nuclear waste. This waste is due to the half-life and high environmental impact is radiation poisoning. In this study a new generation of nuclear reactors as ADS introduced where the nuclear waste is used as fuel. Method: Examining ADS nuclear reactors, the concept of ADS and the main components of this type of reactor and how it works are described. Findings: This new generation of nuclear reactors (ADS) has the ability to convert nuclear waste, including meta-uranium elements and fragments of nuclear fission, into low-risk elements with low half-life and low beam toxicity. Its important advantage over other nuclear reactors is that it is safe. Discussion and Conclusions: Given the importance of developing nuclear reactors as a major source of energy production, methods should be used to develop peaceful nuclear technology in the country to maximize its efficiency while minimizing its destructive environmental effects. . The use of a new generation of nuclear reactors (ADS) is one such method.
References:
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Changizi ,S. , 2012. Neutronic Analysis of the Multipurpose Hybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications (MYRRHA) with a Monte Carlo Code SERPENT.
Committee ,NNS. , 2002. Accelerator-driven Systems (ADS) and Fast Reactor (FR) in Advanced Nuclear Cycles, A Comparative Study. Nuclear Energy Agency Organisation for Economic and Co-operation Development, ISBN:92-64.
Degweker ,S . , Ghosh ,B . , Bajpai ,A . , Paranjape ,S . , 2007. The physics of accelerator driven sub-critical reactors. Pramana , Vol.68(2) ,pp.161-171.
Dubrova ,YE . ,Nesterov , VN . , Krouchinsky ,NG . , Ostapenko ,VA, . , Neumann ,R . , Neil ,DL . ,Jeffreys , AJ. , 1996. Human minisatellite mutation rate after the Chernobyl accident.
Hall ,DE . , 2009. Modeling and validation of dosimetry measurement assumptions within the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute TRIGA Mark F reactor and associated exposure facilities using Monte Carlo techniques.
Hashemi-Nezhad ,R . , Haywood ,S . , Stepanek ,P . , Lavers ,MP . , Uranium Mining, Processing and Nuclear Energy Review.
Herrera-Martinez ,A . , 2004. Transmutation of nuclear waste in accelerator-driven systems: University of Cambridge.
Kadi ,Y. , Revol ,J . ,2001. Design of an accelerator-driven system for the destruction of nuclear waste ,pp. 3-7.
Kiselev ,G. , 1996. Current status of scientific activity in Russia on high level radioactive waste transmutation and use of weapon grade and power plutonium in subcritical systems driven by proton accelerator. Nuclear engineering and design , Vol.165(4) ,pp.245-258.
Monti ,S. , 2000. Preliminary Neutronic Analyses of the Triga-ADS Demonstration Facility.
Nifenecker ,H. , David ,S. , Loiseaux ,J. , Meplan ,O. , 2001. Basics of accelerator driven subcritical reactors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment , Vol. 463(3) ,pp.428-467.
Nifenecker ,H. , Meplan ,O. , David ,S. , 2003. Accelerator driven subcritical reactors: CRC Press.
Rodriguez ,C. , Baxter ,A. , McEachern ,D. , Fikani ,M. , Venneri ,F. , 2003. Deep-Burn: making nuclear waste transmutation practical. Nuclear Engineering and Design , Vol.222(2) ,pp.299-317.
Rubbia ,C. , 2009. Sub-critical Thorium reactors. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
Seltborg ,P. , 2005. Source efficiency and high-energy neutronics in accelerator-driven systems.
Sobolev ,V. , Uyttenhove ,W. , Thetford , R. , Maschek , W. , 2011. Prognosis and comparison of performances of composite CERCER and CERMET fuels dedicated to transmutation of TRU in an EFIT ADS. Journal of Nuclear Materials , Vol.414(2) ,pp.257-264.
Woddi Venkat Krishna ,T. , 2006. Reactor accelerator coupling experiments: a feasability study: Texas A&M University.
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Barros ,GP. , Pereira ,C. ,Veloso ,MA. ,Costa ,AL. ,Reis ,PA. , 2010. Neutron production evaluation from a ADS target utilizing the MCNPX 2.6. 0 code. Brazilian Journal of Physics , Vol. 40(2) ,pp. 414-418.
Bowman ,CD. , 1998. Accelerator-driven systems for nuclear waste transmutation. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science , Vol. 48(2) ,pp.505-556.
Changizi ,S. , 2012. Neutronic Analysis of the Multipurpose Hybrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications (MYRRHA) with a Monte Carlo Code SERPENT.
Committee ,NNS. , 2002. Accelerator-driven Systems (ADS) and Fast Reactor (FR) in Advanced Nuclear Cycles, A Comparative Study. Nuclear Energy Agency Organisation for Economic and Co-operation Development, ISBN:92-64.
Degweker ,S . , Ghosh ,B . , Bajpai ,A . , Paranjape ,S . , 2007. The physics of accelerator driven sub-critical reactors. Pramana , Vol.68(2) ,pp.161-171.
Dubrova ,YE . ,Nesterov , VN . , Krouchinsky ,NG . , Ostapenko ,VA, . , Neumann ,R . , Neil ,DL . ,Jeffreys , AJ. , 1996. Human minisatellite mutation rate after the Chernobyl accident.
Hall ,DE . , 2009. Modeling and validation of dosimetry measurement assumptions within the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute TRIGA Mark F reactor and associated exposure facilities using Monte Carlo techniques.
Hashemi-Nezhad ,R . , Haywood ,S . , Stepanek ,P . , Lavers ,MP . , Uranium Mining, Processing and Nuclear Energy Review.
Herrera-Martinez ,A . , 2004. Transmutation of nuclear waste in accelerator-driven systems: University of Cambridge.
Kadi ,Y. , Revol ,J . ,2001. Design of an accelerator-driven system for the destruction of nuclear waste ,pp. 3-7.
Kiselev ,G. , 1996. Current status of scientific activity in Russia on high level radioactive waste transmutation and use of weapon grade and power plutonium in subcritical systems driven by proton accelerator. Nuclear engineering and design , Vol.165(4) ,pp.245-258.
Monti ,S. , 2000. Preliminary Neutronic Analyses of the Triga-ADS Demonstration Facility.
Nifenecker ,H. , David ,S. , Loiseaux ,J. , Meplan ,O. , 2001. Basics of accelerator driven subcritical reactors. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment , Vol. 463(3) ,pp.428-467.
Nifenecker ,H. , Meplan ,O. , David ,S. , 2003. Accelerator driven subcritical reactors: CRC Press.
Rodriguez ,C. , Baxter ,A. , McEachern ,D. , Fikani ,M. , Venneri ,F. , 2003. Deep-Burn: making nuclear waste transmutation practical. Nuclear Engineering and Design , Vol.222(2) ,pp.299-317.
Rubbia ,C. , 2009. Sub-critical Thorium reactors. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
Seltborg ,P. , 2005. Source efficiency and high-energy neutronics in accelerator-driven systems.
Sobolev ,V. , Uyttenhove ,W. , Thetford , R. , Maschek , W. , 2011. Prognosis and comparison of performances of composite CERCER and CERMET fuels dedicated to transmutation of TRU in an EFIT ADS. Journal of Nuclear Materials , Vol.414(2) ,pp.257-264.
Woddi Venkat Krishna ,T. , 2006. Reactor accelerator coupling experiments: a feasability study: Texas A&M University.
