perfectionism

Open Access Article

1 - Comparing Ethical Oriental in the Medical Community and Auditors
Seyedeh Mahboobeh Hoseini Bahman Banimahd Fraidon Ohadi

Background and aim: Today moral is important matter by reasons: important role in maintaining ethical behavior and survival of a civil society and There are numerous examples of immoral behavior, attracted much attention in our society .In some cases CPAs work in an org More

Background and aim: Today moral is important matter by reasons: important role in maintaining ethical behavior and survival of a civil society and There are numerous examples of immoral behavior, attracted much attention in our society .In some cases CPAs work in an organization that Its values are antithetical to the values and standards of the accounting profession. The accountants must have a commitment to the organization where they are employed and on the other hand to the professional standards committed too. Professional Commitments important factor that affects the behavior of a person in the company and has been associated with positive attitudes and the company is profitable. Coherence in the areas of ethics and science is an important principle to improve the material and spiritual human. In the realm of science, especially medicine and health care ethics is an integral part. Scholars in medicine in addition to addressing the medical and pharmaceutical advice recommend ethical. Considering the importance role of medical science in the preserve the dignity of the human soul, and numerous violations of the human history and the history of medicine, ethics in the medical field are very much important. Important goals of this paper is the first study to examine the moral and professional obligation of doctors and auditors, second Compare the ethical orientation and professional commitment to the community of medical community and auditors Third, public accountants and auditors, and the Medical Council is aware of this relationship.Methods: Data was collected by questionnaire and professional commitment, which is used by Suddaby et al. 2009, and the ethical position questionnaire (EPQ) was used to measure idealism and relativism. . Hypothesis testing using two sample comparison tests (T) is done.Results: Evidence suggests that perfectionism orientation, relative orientation and professional commitment are the same, and no significant differences. Occupation (Audit and medicine) does not influence the behavior and moral ethics.Conclusion: The research results are useful knowledge about the values and ethics of the medical profession and professional accounting puts the users.The orientation of the auditing profession's ethical and professional obligation to show the audit market. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - An introduction to the Human Perfection Fulfillment from Qur'an and Hadiths’ Viewpoint
Seyyed Mohammad Javad Nabavi Seyyedeh Fatemeh Hosseini Mirsafi

10.30495/qsf.2021.680786

All Shiites believe that not only the Prophet of Islam and the Imams were perfect human beings, but also invited others to reach this level and stated the ways to achieve perfection in their way of life and tradition. In this way, the term "perfect human being" and simi More

All Shiites believe that not only the Prophet of Islam and the Imams were perfect human beings, but also invited others to reach this level and stated the ways to achieve perfection in their way of life and tradition. In this way, the term "perfect human being" and similar terms such as "true human being" and "perfect human being" have found their way into Islamic culture and sciences and have been discussed in various Islamic sciences such as mysticism, wisdom, theology, interpretation and hadith. The question now is, is human perfection something that can be achieved in this world and before death, and can man achieve it before the soul is cut off from the body? Or is the material world too limited to be a vessel for such perfection for the soul, and therefore the attainment of this perfection depends on death and is only available in another world and another intoxication? Also, if perfection is achieved after death, does this death mean voluntary death and self-killing due to religious sufferings, or does it mean natural death, or do the religious texts not explicit about this and provide a clear answer to this question? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Role of Worship in Culture of Life and Human Excellence from Quran and Traditions Viewpoint
Shahrbanoo Abbaszadeh

Worship and servitude are among the most central teachings of the Qur'an and Islam. Worship has a special place because it focuses on the purpose of human creation. Human life revolves around this fact according to God's command in the Qur'an: “I did not create th More

Worship and servitude are among the most central teachings of the Qur'an and Islam. Worship has a special place because it focuses on the purpose of human creation. Human life revolves around this fact according to God's command in the Qur'an: “I did not create the jinn and the humans except that they may worship Me” it seems the word "slavery" means "servitude", "possessions" and the like. It is spiritual worship that gives life to deeds, and is the main gateway to cultural guidance in such a way that each subconscious individual influences his community and brings the behavior of each individual to the ideal community. In this article, we first try to examine the meaning of worship and culture and then its effect on perfection. In some cases, narrations have been provided to complete the discussion. Among the roles it has on the individual and society are spiritual mastery – individual and social perfection – the end of goodness and martyrdom, and so on. One of the cases in which servitude plays a role is self-sacrifice, which is understood in relation to others, so servitude has also been examined in the social sector. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The study of Individual self and social self in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry
Zahra Dorri

10.30495/dk.2021.1920668.2179

Human beings, regardless of their epistemic perspectives, consider themselves distinct from other elements of existence while having mutual interactions with different biological and sociological phenomena. Two of the most important topics in sociological sciences is th More

Human beings, regardless of their epistemic perspectives, consider themselves distinct from other elements of existence while having mutual interactions with different biological and sociological phenomena. Two of the most important topics in sociological sciences is the study of the existential capacity of humans and the study of their social interactions with the family, the homeland, and the world. These two subjects are often referred to as, respectively, individual self and social self. The study of Forough Farrokhzad's poetry can reveal various personal and social manifestations of her as an Iranian woman. This is because her poetry is mainly arisen from the subconscious and is associated with social realism and symbolism. The present study shows that an individual self has always been present—albeit with a declining course—in all periods of Forough's life and poetry. Moreover, the study clarifies how individual self and social self confront with each other and how a perfectionist and reformist social self eventually dominates. In connection to this issue, it will be shown that the expression of dissatisfaction with what is happening in human society is one of the prominent features of Forough's poetry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - The Relationship between Attachment Styles and Positive/Negative Perfectionism, Anger, and Emotional Adjustment among Students
nader hajloo hadees heidarirad Usha Barahmand

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and positive/negative perfectionism, anger, and emotional adjustment of students. The research was a correlationl study. The population consisted of all graduate students of Universi More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between attachment styles and positive/negative perfectionism, anger, and emotional adjustment of students. The research was a correlationl study. The population consisted of all graduate students of University of Ardabil in 2013. From among them, 234 students were sampled using random sampling. The research tools consisted of Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Scale (1987), Terry-short, et. al. Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (1995), Rezakhani Anger Control questionnaire (2010) and Raynolds Emotional Adjustment questionnaire (2001). The data were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. The results of multiple linear regression indicated that insecure attachment styles (avoidant, ambivalent) could only predict negative perfectionism and ambivalent attachment style could predict anger (P<0.05). On the other hand, secure attachment styles (avoidant and ambivalent) could predict emotional adjustment (P<0.05). Attachment patterns can determine many behaviors, emotions and adults’ relations. They are necessary for personality growth and are the base for mental health. The results of this study emphasize the importance of interaction in childhood, its effect on the growth and mental health in adulthood, and can be the background for counseling. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Prediction of Teachers Job Satisfaction by Dimensions of Job Perfectionism
Felor Khayatan Hasan Ahadi Manouchehr Kamkar Gholamreza Nafisi

The purpose of the present research was to study the effect of dimensions of job perfectionism on job satisfaction among teachers in Isfahan city. The research method was descriptive- correlation. The statistical population was all 2400 guidance teachers in the city More

The purpose of the present research was to study the effect of dimensions of job perfectionism on job satisfaction among teachers in Isfahan city. The research method was descriptive- correlation. The statistical population was all 2400 guidance teachers in the city. Through multistage random sampling, 331 teachers (183 women and 148 men were selected. Tools Research were, Multidimensional Job perfectionism Scale (Hewitt and Flett, 1988) and Job Descriptive Index (Smith et al. 1969). To analyze the data, pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used. Results indicated that there was negative significant relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and job satisfaction (P 0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Prediction of College Studentsâ Academic Procrastination Based on Cognitive, Emotional and Motivational Factors and Gender
zahra valizadeh hasan ahadi mahmod hidari mohammad mahdi mazaheri mohamad bager kajbaf

Academic procrastination is one of the common and current problems among college students which has many negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to predict college students’ academic procrastination based on self efficacy, self regulation, perfectionism, fe More

Academic procrastination is one of the common and current problems among college students which has many negative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to predict college students’ academic procrastination based on self efficacy, self regulation, perfectionism, fear of negative evaluation, interest in the field of the study, goal orientation, self esteem and gender. This research employed a correlational study. Statistical population involved all the students in Tehran University. 272 students selected through relative classification sampling from different faculties. Data were collected by: goal orientation scale by Elliot & McGregor, brief fear of negative evaluation scale by Leary, multidimensional perfectionism scale by Forest et al, self efficacy scale by Sherer, self esteem inventory by Rozenberg, academic procrastination assessment scale by Solomon and Routhblum, self regulation questionnaire by Pentrich & Digorat, interest in filed of study questionnaire by Hedayati et al. Data were analyzed with backward regression, independent t-test, and anova. Results indicated that doubt in works, value extrinsic goals, could predict academic procrastination positively and self efficacy, interest in the field of the study, organization, mastery–approach and performance–approach goal orientation, could predict academic procrastination negatively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Role of Perfectionism Dimensions and Defensive Styles in Depression-Among University Students
masumeh ghasemipoor kordmahale mojtaba amirimajd

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of perfectionism dimensions and defensive styles in depression among Rasht Islamic Azad University student’s. 300 undergraduate university students were selected by cluster sampling and completed Multidimension More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of perfectionism dimensions and defensive styles in depression among Rasht Islamic Azad University student’s. 300 undergraduate university students were selected by cluster sampling and completed Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS, Hewitt & Felt, 1991) and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40, Andrews, Singh, & Bond, 1993) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDL-II, Beck, 1961). Data were analysis using regression analysis. The results showed that the three dimensions of perfectionism {egocentric, other-oriented, community-oriented} had a significant effect on symptoms of depression. Also, the three dimensions of perfectionism had a significant effect on defense style (mature defense mechanism, immature defense mechanism, neurotic defense mechanism) (p≤.0.05). Results of regression analyzes revealed that mature defense style, immature and neuroticism could predict depression level in university students (p≤.0.05). It can be concluded that dimensions of perfectionism and defense style predict depression severity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Structural Model of the Relationship of Psycho- O.rganizational Pathology with Job Stress, Job Satisfaction and Mental health by Considering the Mediating Role of Work Perfectionism in Teachers
فلور خیاطان حسن احدی منوچهر کامکار غلامرضا نفیسی

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship of psycho- organizational pathology with job stress, job satisfaction, and mental health by considering the mediating role of job perfectionism. The research method was correlational and the statistical populat More

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship of psycho- organizational pathology with job stress, job satisfaction, and mental health by considering the mediating role of job perfectionism. The research method was correlational and the statistical population were 2400 Isfahan city guidance teachers in 2011-2012 from whom were selected a group of 331(183 women and 148 men by random, multistage method. Tools used to measure the study variables were as follow 1. Psycho- Organizational Pathology Inventory (Kamkar et al.2006), 2. Multidimensional Job perfectionism Scale (Hewitt and aflett, 1989), 3. Mental health Inventory (Goldberg & Williams,1988). 4. Job Descriptive Index (Smith et al. 1969), and 5. Job Stress Inventory (Osipow,1987). The data were analyzed via correlation analysis (by spss- 19 software) and structural studies of path analysis (by AMOS- 18softwaer).According to the results, the psycho- pathology organization has direct relationship with role boundary , job satisfaction , mental health, and role responsibility also , the role boundary has direct relationships with self –oriented perfectionism and job satisfaction. Also, there were direct relationships between perfectionism and role responsibility, role responsibility and mental health, as well as health and job satisfaction. The research final model of fitness indices indicated that the model was convenient. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Relationships Between Perfectionism and Self-Esteem in Scientific and Athletic Elites and Non-Elites in Tehran City
محسن ملکیان بهابادی هاشم محسنی ذنوزی محسن کشاورز

Perfectionism and self-esteem are two important components of personality that have received the attention center of the psychologists, and various investigations have attempted to study each of them separately. But a number of studies have sought to investigate simulta More

Perfectionism and self-esteem are two important components of personality that have received the attention center of the psychologists, and various investigations have attempted to study each of them separately. But a number of studies have sought to investigate simultaneously the two variables. The main objective of the present research is to study of relation between perfectionism and self-esteem in the subjects from the scientific and athletic elites and the non-elite individuals. For this reason, 200 elite subjects (100 scientific elites and 100 athletic elites) and 200 non-elite subjects (100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the scientific elites and 100 non-elite subjects in accordance with the athletic elites) in Tehran city were studied. Measurement of the above-mentioned variables was performed by the positive and negative perfectionism questionnaire of Short et al (1995) and self-esteem questionnaire of Nugent and Thomas (1993). The results showed that there are a positive significant relation in the two study groups between positive perfectionism and self-esteem and a negative significant relation between self-esteem and negative perfectionism. Also, the findings suggested this point that there was a significant difference between the perfectionism and self-esteem of elite and non-elite subjects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Role of Components of Perfectionism and Goal Orientations in prediction of Self-Regulation in Students
Mostafa Atarodi Hossein Kareshki

This study compared emotional intelligence and identity styles of women with major depression disorder and normal women. Therefore 60 women who were diagnosed as major depression were selected from clients of a consultancy center in 2011 (1390s.c.) and also 60 female More

This study compared emotional intelligence and identity styles of women with major depression disorder and normal women. Therefore 60 women who were diagnosed as major depression were selected from clients of a consultancy center in 2011 (1390s.c.) and also 60 female students of "Islamic Azad University, science and research branch of Tehran" who were not so diagnosed were conveniently selected. Measurement tools consisted of Emotional Intelligence Scale (Bar-On, 1997) and Extended Objective Measure of Ego Identity Status (Bennion & Adams, 1986). Results of Pearson correlation coefficient and MANOVA showed significant differences between depressed and normal women in the levels of emotional intelligence (P < 0.001) and identity styles (P < 0.001). Also, the relationship between emotional intelligence and identity status of each group, separately was significant (P < 0.001). This study suggests the importance and significance of the relationship between emotional intelligence and identity style in explaining depression. The results may be used in prevention and treatment programs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - To Compare the Mathematics Anxiety Based on Perfectionism Typology Among Khoramshahr High School Prep Students
قاسم رکابدار بهاره سلیمانی

The purpose of the present research was to compare mathematics anxiety among high school prep students based on perfectionism typology. In order to accomplish the study, the subjects composed of students ( boys and girls) were randomly selected with multistage samplin More

The purpose of the present research was to compare mathematics anxiety among high school prep students based on perfectionism typology. In order to accomplish the study, the subjects composed of students ( boys and girls) were randomly selected with multistage sampling from Khoramshahr high school prep schools. Perfectionism and mathematics anxiety were measured using Frost's Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) and Fennema-Sherman's Mathematics Anxiety Scale (MAS) respectively. Based on the results of this study and according to Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), supported by FMPS, students can be classified into three groups. Using cluster analysis the students were classified into normal perfectionism, non-normal perfectionism and non-perfectionism types. The One way ANOVA result showed that the mean mathematics anxiety had differed significantly among the three groups of students (P < ). The results of Scheffe test also showed that normal perfectionism students had less mathematics anxiety than other students (P < ). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The effects of implicit theories of intelligence on general self-efficacy in university students:The mediating role of self-evaluative and conscientious perfectionism components
Majid Ghaffari Neda Safari

10.30486/jsrp.2018.543226

The aim of this study was to test a conceptual model for the mediating role of perfectionism in the effects ofimplicit theories of intelligence on general self-efficacy in university students. A sample of three hundred and eighty-two (20.40 ± 1.84 years, range: 1 More

The aim of this study was to test a conceptual model for the mediating role of perfectionism in the effects ofimplicit theories of intelligence on general self-efficacy in university students. A sample of three hundred and eighty-two (20.40 ± 1.84 years, range: 18-23) girl students was selected randomly through multi-stage cluster sampling from University of Mazandaran, and filled the Implicit Theories of Intelligence Scale (ITIS; Abd-El-Fattah & Yates, 2006), the Perfectionism Inventory (PI; Hill, et al., 2004), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Sherer, et al., 1982). Using Maximum-Likelihood estimation and bootstrapping procedure, the results from structural equation modeling showed that the direct effects of incrementalimplicitbelieves on organization, planfulness, and striving for excellence, and entity implicit believes on concern over mistakes and need for approval were positive and statistically significant.Also, organization, planfulness, and striving for excellence (components of conscientious perfectionism) mediated the effect of incremental implicit believes on general self-efficacy components. Concern over mistakes and need for approval (components of self-evaluative perfectionism) mediated the effect of entity implicit believes on general self-efficacy components (p< 0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and dimensions of nonspiritual/nonreligious perfectionism
Mohammad Ali Besharat Seyedeh Asma Hosseini Morteza Naghipoor

10.30486/jsrp.2019.1870813.1870

The present study had two purposes: investigating the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and investigathmg the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on dimensions of perfectionism. The statistical population of the study co More

The present study had two purposes: investigating the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on psychological health indices and investigathmg the impact of spiritual/religious perfectionism on dimensions of perfectionism. The statistical population of the study consisted of general population living in Tehran. Among the statistical population, 307 individuals (148 men, 159 women) participated in the present study as volunteers. All participants were asked to complete Tehran completed Spiritual/Religious Perfectionism Scale (SRPS; Besharat 2018), Mental Health Inventory (MHI-28; Veit & Ware 1983), Positive and Negative Affects Schedule (PANAS; Watson et al. 1988), and Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat 2007). The results revealed a significant positive influence of spiritual/religious perfectionism on measures of psychological well-being, positive affects, and self-oriented perfectionism, as well as a significant negative influence of spiritual/religious perfectionism on measures of psychological distress, negative affects, and socially prescribed perfectionism (p <.001). Results of regression analyses revealed that 70% of variance of the research variables explained by spiritual/religious perfectionism with the largest portion for psychological well-being. It can be concluded that spiritual/religious perfectionism is one of the determinants of psychological health. The findings also may support a new dimension of perfectionism, spiritual/religious perfectionism, separate from nonspiritual/nonreligious perfectionism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - The mediating role of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region
Atefe Karimi simindokht rezakhani Masoumeh Behboudi

10.30486/jsrp.2022.1949068.3318

The aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The s More

The aim of this study is to explain the role of the mediation of time perspective in explaining the causal relationship between perfectionism and academic procrastination in female student in the second region. The research method was a correlational relationship. The statistical population this study formed of the female second middle school students in the second region of Tehran in the academic year of 1399-1400. Az the sampel 300 students were selected in an accessible and voluntary way. The questionnaires of Academic Procrastination(Solomon & Rathblum, 1984), Perfectionism(Frost, 1990) and The Time Perspective (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999)  were used. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling statistical method.The findings showed that positive perfectionism and the future negative dimension (p <0.01), negative perfectionism and the present fatalistic (p <0.01), predicted academic procrastination. The future dimensions and the present fatalistic mediate a negative relationship between positive perfectionism and academic procrastination and a positive relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination among the time perspective dimensions(p <0.01). Generally, perfectionism and time perspective can explain 59% of the variance of academic procrastination. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Examining the Relationship between Students’ Levels of Perfectionism and their Achievements in English Learning
Farhad Ghorbandordinejad

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Perfectionism and Professional Development: Cross-Examining Experienced and Novice EFL Practitioners
Hamid Marashi Paniz Emrani

10.30486/relp.2020.1882998.1168

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Perfectionism, Anxiety and English Language Achievement of Iranian EFL Learners: The Contribution of Performance Goal-Orientation
Pardis Zafarani Saeideh Ahangari Nasrin Hadidi Tamjid

10.30486/relp.2021.1940282.1307

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Open Access Article

19 - Investigating the effect of moral perfectionism on online social behavior with the mediating role of online interpersonal trust and moral identity in students of the country's top sports talent Olympiad
Kazem cheragh birkandi Seyed Hossin Khaje

10.30486/4s.2022.1962791.1051

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moral perfectionism on online social behavior with the mediating role of online interpersonal trust and moral identity in students of the country's top sports talent Olympiad.Methodology: The research More

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moral perfectionism on online social behavior with the mediating role of online interpersonal trust and moral identity in students of the country's top sports talent Olympiad.Methodology: The research method is descriptive and field-based. The statistical population of the study included student-athletes of the country's student olympiads. Due to the infinity of the statistical population, the number of samples was 384 people according to Morgan's table and the sampling method was a multi-stage cluster. Research tools included Yang et al.'s (2015), Moral Perfectionism Questionnaire, Igres et al.'s Online Social Behavior Questionnaire (2018), Asura et al.'s online interpersonal trust questionnaire based on Mayer and Mishra model (2015), and Black and Reynolds's Moral Identity Questionnaire (2016). To ensure the validity of the questionnaires, the opinions and guidelines of experts in sports management science were used and their opinions were included in the final questionnaire.Results: The results showed that moral identity and online interpersonal trust play a mediating role in the relationship between moral perfectionism and online social behavior; Also, the structural model of the research showed a favorable fit according to the index value of GOF = 0.52.Conclusion: Therefore it is recommended that paying attention to ethics discussion, especially moral perfectionism and moral identity in schools and their teachings should be included for the development of desirable online social behavior in student-athletes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The Effectiveness of Mystically Based Cognitive-Behavior on Negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of University Student
fatemeh bayanfar

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness Erfan Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of Semnan Payam-E-Noor  University Students. In a purposeful random sample design among statistical population consisting all Pa More

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness Erfan Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on negative Perfectionism and Self-Efficacy of Semnan Payam-E-Noor  University Students. In a purposeful random sample design among statistical population consisting all Payam-E-Noor students of Semnan City, during 2018 academic year,   a total sample of 60 subjects selected by a purposeful-sampling method, and divided randomly to experimental and control groups. Two standards questionnaires of the research included: 1-Perfectiocism Scale Terry-Short, 2-Self-Efficacy Scale Sherer. Our findings revealed significantly reduced mean scores of the negative perfectionism and increase self-efficacy of the university students in the experimental   group than control. It  could be mention that the Erfan Cognitive-Behavior intervention could reduce negative Perfectionism and increase Self-Efficacy in the Payam-E-Noor university students and can help to university students mental health promotion . Manuscript profile

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21 - Presenting a Structural Model of Body Image based on Sexual Schemas, Personality Type, Attitude to Eating with the Mediation of Perfectionism in People with Cultural Damage and Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Roghaye Eslam nia Javad Khalatbari Shohreh Ghorban Shiroudi

10.22034/jwcp.2023.708405

The purpose of the present study was to propose a structural model of body image based on gender schemas, personality type, attitude to eating with the mediation of perfectionism in individuals with cultural pathology and body dysmorphic disorder referred to the beauty More

The purpose of the present study was to propose a structural model of body image based on gender schemas, personality type, attitude to eating with the mediation of perfectionism in individuals with cultural pathology and body dysmorphic disorder referred to the beauty clinics of Mazandaran province. The statistical population of the research embraced individuals who referred to the beauty clinics of Mazandaran province (Amol, Babol, Sari and Qaimshahr cities). The sample included 330 participants whom were selected through purposive procedure. The method of the current research was correlational of structural equation modeling (SEM) one. Data was collected by implementing Tan Sooto and Garcia's (2002) Body Image Satisfaction Questionnaire, Cyranowski (1994) Sexual Schema Questionnaire, Costa and McCrae's (1996) Personality Type Questionnaire, Mintz et al.'s (2000) Eating Attitude Questionnaire, Terry-Shorte et al. and Perfectionism Questionnaire (1995). To analyze the data structural equation modeling was applied via utilizing SPSS22 and Amose23 software. The results of the research showed that there was a significant relationship between gender schemas and body image in individuals with body dysmorphic disorder with the mediation of perfectionism. The results also indicated that personality type was significantly correlated to body image in participants with body dysmorphic disorder through the mediation of perfectionism. There was also a significant correlation between eating attitude and body image in subjects with body dysmorphic disorder, with the mediation of perfectionism. Finally, the findings revealed that body image was significantly related to all the investigated variables, and in fact, it could be concluded that since the appearance of a person is a part of a person's personality and identity and it appears in cultural and social situations dissatisfaction with it provides a risk factor for many disorders. Manuscript profile

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22 - Prediction Model of Romantic Relationship on the basis of Perfectionism Components among Married Female College Students
محسن Golparvar ساناز Setayeshmanesh M. R. Mosahebi

This research was administered with the aim of determining the relationship between perfectionism components and romantic relationship among married women college student. The research statistical population was the married women of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Kho More

This research was administered with the aim of determining the relationship between perfectionism components and romantic relationship among married women college student. The research statistical population was the married women of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) branch. 351 persons were selected by stratified random sampling procedure. The research instruments were Perfectionism Questionnaire (Frost et al, 990) and Romantic Relationship Questionnaire (Attridge et al, 1998). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results revealed that there were significant relationships between parental expectations and parental criticism with romantic dependence, and between personal standards, order and organization, worry about errors and doubts about actions with romantic insecurity. The enter multiple regression analysis results revealed that order and organization and parental expectations can respectively predict romantic dependence, and personal standards, worry about errors, doubts about actions and parental expectations can predict romantic insecurity. Manuscript profile

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23 - Relationship Between Forgiveness and Perfectionism with Marital Satisfaction in Wives of Injured Veterans in Ahvaz City
پروین Ehteshamzadeh بهنام Makvandi اشرف Bagheri

The purpose of present study was investigating the relationship between forgiveness and perfectionism with marital satisfaction in wives of injured veterans in Ahvaz city. Participants were 300 wives of injured veterans which selected through cluster random sampling in More

The purpose of present study was investigating the relationship between forgiveness and perfectionism with marital satisfaction in wives of injured veterans in Ahvaz city. Participants were 300 wives of injured veterans which selected through cluster random sampling in 1389. Family Forgiveness Questionnaire, Ahvaz Perfectionism Scale and Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire were used for collecting data. This study was a correlation research and results indicated that there were significant positive correlation between forgiveness and marital satisfaction (r= 0. 523). Also there was negative correlation between perfectionism and marital satisfaction (r= -0. 278). Finding suggested that there were multicorrelations between variables and forgiveness was the most significant predictive variable for marital satisfaction. The significant level in this study was p<0. 05. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Aggressive Behavior In Female Basketball Players
Iran Mehdizadegoun Zahra Salimian

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and aggressive behavior in female basketball players in Esfahan. Statistical universe was the total female basketball players in Esfahan (105 players). 80 female basketball players were sele More

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and aggressive behavior in female basketball players in Esfahan. Statistical universe was the total female basketball players in Esfahan (105 players). 80 female basketball players were selected by convenience (within reach) sampling. Frost Multiple Perfectionism Scale (1990) and Bredemeier Athletic Aggression Inventory (1975) (hostile aggression items) were administered to collect data. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that: there were negative significant relation between the concern over mistake and hostile aggression, between doubt about actions and hostile aggression and between parental criticism and hostile aggression (P≤0/05). The results also revealed that: there was no any significant relation between the parental expectation, personal standards and organization with hostile aggression. Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that, concern over mistakes could significantly predict the hostile aggression through one step.                                Manuscript profile

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25 - Prediction Of The Frequency Of Going To The Beauty Saloons Based On Self-Esteem, Perfectionism, And Attitude Toward Appearance
Valeh Rouhani Mojtaba Amiri Majad

This study aimed to predict the frequency of going to the beauty saloon based on self-esteem, perfectionism, and attitude toward appearance. The research design was descriptive- correlational. The population consisted of all women in Tehran who had referred to women's s More

This study aimed to predict the frequency of going to the beauty saloon based on self-esteem, perfectionism, and attitude toward appearance. The research design was descriptive- correlational. The population consisted of all women in Tehran who had referred to women's saloons during 1393-1394. 94 women were selected using purposeful sampling among them and completed Quality Of Self-Esteem Scale (Heatherton & Polivy, 1991), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (Beshart, 2005), Socio-Cultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale (Heinberg & Thompson, 1995) and responded to demographic questions. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The results showed that self-esteem and perfectionism had no significant relationship with frequency of going to the beauty saloon and only autonomous perfectionism subscales significantly correlated to frequency of going to the beauty saloon. The results also showed that attitudes towards appearance significantly correlated with frequency of going to the beauty saloon and could predict and explain 35% of variance of the frequency of going to the beauty saloon (p≤.01). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Predicting marital adjustment based on Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and couples communication patterns in culturally employed women in Khomein city
mina Dori hassan heidari

10.30495/iifs.2023.1991013.1090

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to predict marital adjustment based on Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism, and couples' communication patterns in culturally working women of Khomein city. Method: The method of descriptive-correlation research was of pre More

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to predict marital adjustment based on Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism, and couples' communication patterns in culturally working women of Khomein city. Method: The method of descriptive-correlation research was of predictive type. The statistical population of the research included all the married women working in the field of culture in Khomein city in 2021-2022 in the number of 473 people, using the Cochran formula, 212 people were selected by available sampling method. The research materials included Spanier's husband and wife adjustment questionnaire (1976), Kaviani's Islamic lifestyle questionnaire (2011), T Short et al.'s perfectionism questionnaire (1995), and Christensen and Salawi's couple communication pattern questionnaire (1984). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings: Pearson correlation results showed a positive and significant relationship between marital adjustment with Islamic lifestyle (r=0.752), perfectionism (r-0.299) and mutual constructive relationship (r=0.225). There is a negative and significant relationship between marital adjustment with expectation/withdrawal relationship (r=-250) and mutual avoidance relationship (r=-0.115) (p<0/01). Also, multiple regression showed that Islamic lifestyle variables 0.75%, perfectionism 0.29%, mutual constructive relationship 0.21%, expectation/withdrawal relationship 0.21% negative and mutual avoidance relationship 0.11% negative adjustment. They predict marriage. Conclusion: From these findings, it can be concluded that working married women who choose the Islamic lifestyle and use constructive patterns of communication in their marital relationships will achieve a higher degree of adjustment in their marital life. Extended AbstractIntroductionMany factors can affect the success or failure of married life (Birditt et al., 2022). One of these things that has a great impact on the continuation of a successful marriage is marital adjustment (Gopal & Valarmathi, 2020). Marital adjustment is an evolutionary process in the relationship between husband and wife, which refers to a state of adjustment in various aspects of couples that may have conflict (Montajabian & Rezaidehnavi, 2021).It seems that having a lifestyle that is based on religious teachings can be the role of a coping strategy against life crises. The Islamic lifestyle is based on Islamic teachings, which covers the scope of knowing the emotions, intentions and behavior of a person during his life, from the material to the spiritual world, for his needs in this world and the hereafter in all dimensions (Fallahchai et al, 2021) and the religion of Islam and following According to verse 3 of Surah Ma'idah, that Islamic lifestyle is the most perfect religion and lifestyle for the happiness of both worlds and plays a decisive role in marital adjustment. Because the framework of this style is based on ethics, which is the philosophy of the mission of all prophets (Salamabadi et al, 2014).Although social and cultural factors play an important role in marital adjustment, it seems that individual factors or characteristics, which are called personality, have a greater effect (Nazari & Karbalaie Mohammad Meigooni, 2017). One of these personality characteristics is perfectionism. . Perfectionism is a person's persistent desire to set perfect and unattainable standards and try to achieve them, which is accompanied by critical self-evaluations of one's performance (Stoeber & Harvey, 2016). Besharat et al (2018) in their research titled predicting couple adjustment based on spiritual-religious perfectionism and spiritual health showed that spiritual/religious perfectionism and spiritual health are determinants of couple adjustment.One of the ways to look at the structure of families is to look at the communication channels through which they interact with each other. Those kinds of communication channels that happen abundantly in a family are called communication patterns (Sayedi et al, 2018). "Couple communication patterns is a process during which husband and wife interact with each other verbally and non-verbally" (Hassanimoghadam et al, 2019). Defective communication patterns reduce the couples' correct understanding of each other, makes spouses unable to support each other, try to satisfy each other's needs, and understand each other's point of view on conflicting issues, and finally causes marital problems and dissatisfaction(Fallahchai et al, 2021).Therefore, one of the most important phenomena that requires attention and serious scientific research in today's social sciences is the consequences of married women's employment (Haidari & Dehghani, 2021), which creates concerns; Therefore, according to the importance of marital adjustment in family consolidation and the fact that we witness marital discord in families based on research, it seems that investigating factors predicting marital adjustment of culturally married workers is important and necessary and can provide a suitable basis for provide the development of romantic, honest relationships with understanding, commitment and intimacy between couples and help to understand the life cycle of couples; Therefore, the main question of the researcher is whether marital adjustment can be predicted based on the Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and communication patterns of couples in cultural working women of Khomein city.MethodologyThe design of the present research was part of applied research in terms of the type of objective, and in terms of the nature of data, it was part of quantitative research, and in terms of the method of descriptive collection and correlation method, it was of the predictive type. The statistical population of the present study included all married women working in the field of culture in Khomein city in the year 2021-2022 in the number of 473 people, and 212 people were selected using available sampling method using Karjesi and Morgan table. The criteria for entering the research included the informed consent of the person, at least 22 years of age and at least a bachelor's degree, not taking antipsychotic drugs and not having physical problems. The exclusion criteria also included refusal to cooperate in completing the questionnaires and history of psychiatric diseases. In this research, from an ethical point of view, explanations about the objectives of the research were presented to the participants, and they were also assured that their information would remain confidential with the researcher, and the consent of the people to participate in this research was obtained.The research tools include Spanir's husband and wife adjustment questionnaire (1976), which includes 32 questions and four components of couple satisfaction, couple solidarity, couple agreement, and expression of affection. Kaviani's Islamic lifestyle questionnaire (211) which includes 76 questions and 10 indicators as follows: social (11 items), beliefs (6 items), religious (6 items), morals (11 items), financial (12 items) , family (8 items), health (7 items), thinking and science (5 items), security-defense (4 items), chronology (5 items). T Short et al.'s perfectionism questionnaire (1995) which includes 40 questions and two components of positive perfectionism and negative perfectionism. And finally, Christensen and Salawi's (1984) couple communication pattern questionnaire, which includes 35 questions.ResultsOf all the respondents (212 people) among the married women working in the cultural field of Khomein city, 39.6 percent (84 people) are under 35 years old, 44.3 percent (94 people) are between 35 to 40 years old and 16 percent (34 people) were over 40 years old; Also, 61.8% (131 people) had a bachelor's degree, 33.0% (70 people) had a master's degree, and 5.2% (11 people) had a doctorate degree.Table 1. Statistical description of the scores of research variablesTable 1 shows the statistical description of the scores related to the variables of marital adjustment, Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and communication patterns along with their subscales. Based on the presented results, the mean variable of marital adjustment is (125/47), Islamic lifestyle (203/30), perfectionism (116/20) and communication patterns (110/68).Table 2. Normality of data distributionTable 2 shows the normality of data distribution. Considering that the null hypothesis is related to the normality of the variables and the null hypothesis is related to the non-normality of the variables; Because the Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic of the variables is not in the range of +1.96 and -1.96; Also, the significance level of the variables is more than 0.05; The null hypothesis is confirmed. Therefore, it can be concluded that the variables have a normal distribution at a significance level of 0.05 and with 95% confidence. Table 3. Pearson correlation coefficient test between marital adjustment with Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and communication patternsTable 3 shows the results of Pearson correlation coefficient between research variables. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between marital adjustment with Islamic lifestyle is 0.752, between marital adjustment with perfectionism is 0.299, between marital adjustment with mutual constructive relationship is 0.225, which shows that the relationship between them is a positive and direct relationship. The meaning is that with the increase of marital adjustment in the Islamic lifestyle person, perfectionism and mutual constructive communication will be better; But the relationship between marital adjustment with expectation/withdrawal relationship is -0.250 and the relationship between marital adjustment with mutual avoidance relationship is -0.115, which shows that the relationship between them is a negative and inverse relationship, in the sense that with the increase of marital adjustment in a person Expectation/withdrawal relationship and mutual avoidance relationship will be less; Therefore, with 99% certainty, it was determined that there is a relationship between marital adjustment with Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism, and the components of couples' communication patterns in culturally working women of Khomein city. In the following, we will examine the prediction of marital adjustment based on Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and the components of communication patterns: Table 4. Regression model summaryAccording to the results of Table 4, the value of the multiple correlation coefficient (R) calculated between the criterion variable entered into the model and the predictor variables is equal to 0.48, the value of the explanatory coefficient is equal to 0.23, that is, about 23% of the changes in the variable. The criterion is explained by these variables (Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and components of communication patterns) entered into the model; And the rest of the variable changes are explained by other variables that the researcher did not consider and did not enter into the model, and the value of the adjusted explanation coefficient is equal to 21190. In the following, to check the significance of the regression, that is, the test of how the predictor variables can predict the criterion variable, we refer to the analysis of variance and significance F test. The results of this analysis are shown in Table 5:Table 5. Calculation results of analysis of variance testAccording to the results of Table 5, the obtained F is 28.44 at the significance level of 0.01; And this means that, firstly, the regression was significant and secondly, at least one of the predictor variables was effective in predicting the criterion variable. To determine the coefficients of the regression equation, the regression coefficients and dependent T-test were used, the results of this study are shown in Table 6. Table 6. Regression coefficients and T-test results related to predictor variablesThe results of Table 6 show that the variables of Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and communication patterns all have an effect on marital adjustment, in such a way that the share of the Islamic lifestyle variable is 0.75%, the share of the perfectionism variable is 0.29%, and the share of the mutual constructive relationship component is 0.21%. 0 percent, the share of the expectation/withdrawal relationship component is negative 0.21 percent, the share of the mutual avoidance relationship component is negative 0.11 percent.discussionThe purpose of this research was to predict marital adjustment based on Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and couples' communication patterns in culturally working women of Khomein city. The results of data analysis showed that Islamic lifestyle, perfectionism and communication patterns can predict marital adjustment. These findings are in line with the results of the researches of Muttajbian and Rezaei Dehnavi (2019), Farmani and Aflak Sir (2018), Sayedi and Shah Nazari (2018), Besharat and et al (2018), Nazari and Karbalai Mohammad Migouni (2020), Gingras et al. (2021) are consistent. The results of the mentioned research also confirm that the marital adjustment of couples is affected by personality traits, communication patterns, lifestyle and communication skills between couples.One of the most important findings of the current research was that the Islamic lifestyle has a positive effect on the marital adjustment of married cultural workers in Khomein. From this finding, it can be concluded that the Islamic lifestyle has been able to act as a suitable framework in the form of behavioral patterns for the growth and excellence of man and guiding him towards a healthy life. On the other hand, according to Islamic sources, the Islamic lifestyle encourages people to be more adaptable and increase successful patterns of conflict resolution. In the explanation of the above findings, it can be said that religious beliefs, including anti-divorce beliefs and trusting that God supports married life, affect marital adjustment. In addition, another reason is the emphasis that Islam places on mutual relations between spouses, and several verses in the Qur'an refer to this issue. Among them: forgiveness (Baqarah (23), giving gifts, An-Nasa, (4) good behavior (Nasa, 19, 15, 20), encouraging conformity (Nasa, 128), non-aggression (Al-Imran, 159) and remembering God in all Affairs (Raad, 28).Another finding of the present study was that perfectionism predicts marital adjustment. From this finding, it can be concluded that as the sense of human perfectionism increases, marital adjustment decreases and as a result, marital inadjustment increases and vice versa. In explaining the above hypothesis, it can be said that perfectionism is a constant source of stress that often leaves a person with a feeling of failure. Perfectionists force themselves to be perfect. This positive and continuous expectation is considered a source of stress and affects maladaptive coping methods. On the other hand, research has shown that perfectionism interferes with close and interpersonal relationships (Foo et al, 2017). Perfectionism is an abnormal pattern of behavior. This abnormal pattern of behavior can lead to marital problems and dissatisfaction with marital relationships and become a permanent source of stress that often leaves a person with a feeling of failure. As a result, perfectionists report much less satisfaction with their marital relationships.Also, the results showed that marital adjustment can be predicted based on communication patterns in culturally working women of Khomein city. In justifying the positive effect of mutual constructive communication on marital adjustment, it can be said that if in the relationship between a husband and wife, the pattern of communication between them is constructive and reciprocal, the level of marital adjustment between them both increases and they are more companionable than each other. They move towards each other; As a result, the distance between them decreases. In fact, when a clear, open and calculated communication is established, the relations are strengthened and when the communication is weak, these relations fall apart. The lack of proper listening and communication skills causes a feeling of lack of love between husband and wife, which naturally affects adjustment. In justifying the negative effect of expectation/withdrawal relationship on marital adjustment, it can be said that if in a marital relationship a man has expectations from his wife and a woman withdraws and has the first and last word in a man's relationship, the level of marital adjustment between them will decrease. and they go towards the distance because when the woman is made insignificant in the relationship, the marital adjustment decreases and she moves towards the distance from the man and distance, and also the marital adjustment between them decreases. Also, whatever relationship between the husband and wife in the marital relationship is such that the woman expects and the man withdraws, i.e. a pattern in which one of the spouses avoids discussion and the other blames or complains and there is feminism in the home. Marital adjustment decreases between them because the relationship between these two variables is negative. In justifying the negative effect of mutual avoidance on marital adjustment, it can be said that if the relationship between husband and wife is mutual avoidance, the amount of marital adjustment between husband and wife will decrease and both will move towards avoidance. Farmanfar & Aflaksair, 2019). LimitationsAmong the limitations of the present study, the following can be mentioned: the sample of the present study consisted of married women working in the cultural field of Khomein city, who have different characteristics in terms of cultural, social and economic aspects; Variables such as the number of children are not controlled, which may play a mediating role in the relationship between the main research variables; And finally, the use of self-assessment tools and the impossibility of qualitative evaluation may have caused an increase in bias in the answers, especially the questionnaire of communication patterns. SuggestionsAccording to the results of the research and the mentioned limitations, it is suggested to conduct similar research in other regions of the country with different and cultural groups, married and unmarried, with the control of more variables in order to obtain more accurate and generalizable results in the future research. Also, other information gathering tools such as interviews were used in relation to factors affecting marital compatibility. FundingThe current research is based on the master's thesis of the first author "Mina Dari" without financial support. Ethics Approval and Consent to ParticipateThe cooperation of the participants in the current research was voluntary and their informed consent was declared. It was also emphasized on the necessity of confidentiality of participants' information. Conflict of interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no conflict of interest. AcknowledgmentsWe hereby express my gratitude to the supervisor and all the people who helped me in this research. ReferencesBesharat M. A., & Kashanki, H. (2018). Perfectionism Dimensions and Interpersonal Problems: Gender Differences. Rooyesh, 6 (4) :73-92. http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-707-fa.html [Persian].Fallahchai, R., Fallahi, M., Moazenjami, A., & Mahoney, A. (2021). Sanctification of marriage, religious coping and marital adjustment of Iranian couples. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 43(2), 121-134.https://doi.org/10.1177/0084672421996826Farmani, Z., & Aflak Sir, A. (2019). Examining the role of family communication patterns on the marital adjustment of married female students. Quarterly Journal of Assessment and Research in Counseling and Psychology (JARAC ), 1(2), 1-12. http://jarac.iranmehr.ac.ir/article-1-31-fa.html [Persian].Foo, F. M., Hassan, S. A., Talib, M. A., & Zakaria, N. S. (2017). Perfectionism and marital satisfaction among graduate students: A multigroup invariance analysis by counseling help-seeking attitudes. Polish Psychological Bulletin.DOI - 10.1515/ppb-2017-0034Gingras, A. S., Lessard, I., Mallette, F., Brassard, A., Bernier‐Jarry, A., Gosselin, P., & de Pierrepont, C. (2021). Couple adaptation to the birth of a child: the roles of attachment and perfectionism. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 47(3), 581-594.https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.12453Gopal, C. R., & Valarmathi, D. (2020). Marital adjustment and Their Relationship To Personality Among Arranged Marriage Couples And Love Marriage Couples–A Pilot Study. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 23, 231-503.http://dx.doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2020.231503Haidari, A., & Dehghani, H. (2021). Qualitative analysis of the employment consequences of married women and its moderating factors (case study of education teachers of Delawar city). Journal of Sociology of Social Institutions, 3(8), 73-95. https://doi.org/10.22080/ssi.2017.1422 [Persian].Hasani-Moghadam, S., Ganji, J., Sharif Nia, H., Aarabi, M., & Khani, S. (2019). Factors Associated with Iranian Couple's Communication Patterns: A Scoping Review . J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci, 29 (177), 222-239. URL: http://jmums.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-13401-fa.html [Persian].Kaviani, M. (2011). Quantification and measurement of Islamic lifestyle. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 4(2), 27-44. https://www.sid.ir/paper/99422/fa [Persian].Montajabian, Z., & Rezai- Dehnavi, S. (2021). The effectiveness of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on improving couples' dysfunctional communication patterns and increasing marital adjustment. Rooyesh, 10(8), 148-135.  http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-2770-fa.html [Persian].Nazari, R., & Karbalaie Mohammad Meigooni, A. (2017). Structural model of perfectionism, psychological well-being and marital adjustment. Quarterly Journal of Applied Psychology, 11(4), 411-432. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20084331.1396.11.4.6.9 [Persian].Nazari, R., & Karbalaie Mohammad Meigooni, A. (2017). Structural model of perfectionism, psychological well-being and marital adjustment. Quarterly Journal of Applied Psychology, 11(4), 411-432. https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20084331.1396.11.4.6.9 [Persian].SalamAbadi, M., Kalantarkosheh, S. M., & Shafiabadi, A. (2014). Compilation of marital adjustment model according to the Islamic lifestyle and perfectionism of middle school teachers in Birjand. journal of Counseling Research, 52, 51-73. http://irancounseling.ir/journal/article-1-110-fa.html [Persian].Sayedi, S. Z., & Shah Nazari, M. (2018). Prediction of sexual satisfaction of married women based on marital adjustment, communication patterns and emotional regulation. Rooyesh, 8 (9) 188, -179. http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-1452-fa.html [Persian].Spanier, G. B., & Thompson, L. (1982). A confirmatory analysis of the dyadic adjustment scale. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 731-738.https://doi.org/10.2307/351593Stoeber, J., & Harvey, L. N. (2016). Multidimensional sexual perfectionism and female sexual function: A longitudinal investigation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45, 2003-2014.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0721-7.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Special School Students' Lived Experience of Perfectionism: A Qualitative Study of Phenomenology
saeed vaziri azade sadeghiyan Mohammad Hossein Fallah

10.30495/ee.2022.1946210.1046

Familiarity with perfectionist personality and related problems are especially important among students.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to develop an educational program based on the lived experiences of perfectionist students studying in special schools.The sta More

Familiarity with perfectionist personality and related problems are especially important among students.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to develop an educational program based on the lived experiences of perfectionist students studying in special schools.The statistical population of perfectionist students studying in special schools (a combination of students from gifted schools, public magnet schools and private schools) in Yazd province were selected through a simple purposeful method.The sampling process and interviews continued until the saturation of theoretical data (15 students) and the main themes of the experiments were discovered through the Colaizzi method.Then, based on the main themes discovered, a review study of educational and therapeutic methods related to perfectionism was conducted to design special training sessions on perfectionism.Finally, the educational program designed using the focus group method consisting of specialized counselors in schools in Yazd province was reviewed.9 main themes   (superiority, negative thoughts and feelings, social isolation, goal setting, experience of blame, positive achievements, lack of self-confidence, behavioral problems, procrastination) and 19 sub-themes were obtained.The curriculum based on the lived experiences of perfectionist students was developed in 9 sessions and this educational content was designed based on a combination of components of cognitive-behavioral therapy and self-compassion. Since the design of this program uses the experiences of perfectionist students as the main audience as well as the review of scientific resources to meet their needs and all training sessions have been approved by the relevant experts, then we conclude that the designed program has acceptable content/face validity and it can be effective in solving the problems of student perfectionism. Manuscript profile

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28 - Predicting divorce tendency based on need to love and survival, sexual awareness and sexual perfectionism in couples divorce applicant
Faizollah Rahimi Hamid Atashpour Mohsen Golparvar

The aim of present research was predicting divorce tendency based on need to love and survival, sexual awareness and sexual perfectionism in couples divorce applicant. This study was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The Research population was couples divorce a More

The aim of present research was predicting divorce tendency based on need to love and survival, sexual awareness and sexual perfectionism in couples divorce applicant. This study was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The Research population was couples divorce applicant of Isfahan city in 2018-19 years. The research sample was 670 people who were selected by available sampling method. To collect data used from subscales of love and survival from basic psychological needs scale (Salari & Sahebi, 2004), sexual awareness scale (Snell & et al, 1991), subscale of sexual perfectionism from relationship beliefs inventory (Edelson & Epstein, 1982) and researcher-made divorce tendency questionnaire. To analyze the data used from methods of Pearson correlation and multiple regression with enter model in SPSS software version 22. The findings showed that the need to love and sexual awareness had a negative and significant relationship with the tendency to divorce and sexual perfectionism had a positive and significant relationship with the tendency to divorce (P0/05). Also, need to love, sexual awareness and sexual perfectionism significantly were able to predict 13/3% of the changes in tendency to divorce in couples divorce applicant (P Manuscript profile

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29 - The Prediction of Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on parenting styles, personality traits, and parental perfectionism traits
sadegh taghiloo Roghayeh Abdolmohammadi Mohsen Jadidi

The aim of the present study was to predict Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on parenting styles, personality traits and perfectionist characteristics of parents. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data colle More

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30 - The relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism With academic achievement in male and female students of Azad university of Ahwaz.
زهرا دشت بزرگی

  The purpose of this research was study of relationship between academic procrastination and perfectionism with academic achievement among the university students. The study population consisted of 300 university student (150mal,150female), who were randomly More

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31 - The relationship betweensocial anxiety, perceivedbody image, perfectionism, depression and eating disordersinyoung
marzieh mashalpour فرح نادری علیرضا حیدرئی مهناز مهرابی زاده هنرمند

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between social anxiety , perceived body image , perfectionism , depression and eating disorders in youth . Given the number of parameters , each parameter 30 , the optimal number of participants was 200 Nfrbdst Khuze More

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32 - Identify and explain the factors affecting perfectionism in managers, coaches and professional athletes of the country
tayebeh molazem Hossein Peymanizad Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari Hassan Fahim Davin

10.30495/kmsj.2022.1948948.1021

The purpose of this study was to identify and explain the factors affecting perfectionism in managers, coaches and professional athletes. The present study was applied in terms of nature and in terms of descriptive-exploratory analysis method and in survey method. The s More

The purpose of this study was to identify and explain the factors affecting perfectionism in managers, coaches and professional athletes. The present study was applied in terms of nature and in terms of descriptive-exploratory analysis method and in survey method. The statistical population of the study in the qualitative section included all university experts in the field of organizational behavior and in the quantitative section included all athletes, coaches and managers of professional sports in the country. Questionnaire for observing the intensity of data analysis in the qualitative part was interviewed using the interview analysis method and in the quantitative part was used by the descriptive and inferential statistical methods with the help of SPSS software version 21 and AMOS. The results of Friedman test showed that according to the mean rankings, the variable of individual influential factors has the highest rank, and the environmental variable, interpersonal and organizational has the lowest rank among the variables. Findings showed that the model of factors affecting perfectionism in managers, coaches and professional athletes of the country had a favorable fit. The findings also showed that there is no significant difference between the perfectionism of managers, coaches and professional athletes in the country. Manuscript profile

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33 - Factors affecting perfectionism in the field of professional sports in the country
Tayebeh Molazem Hossein Peymanizad Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari Hassan Fahim Dovin

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AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to examine the factors influencing perfectionism in the field ofprofessional sports in the country. It was applied in terms of its nature and descriptive-exploratory analysis method in the survey method. Sampling was available in a targeted manner in the qualitativesection, and 10 experienced university professors were interviewed and it led to information saturation. The statistical sample in the quantitative section was determined by using Morgan's table of358 people. Data collection was done in the qualitative part by using qualitative interviews with elites and in the quantitative part by using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 34 questions in 4dimensions and a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis in the qualitative part using the interview analysis method and in the quantitative part using descriptive and inferential statistics methods and with the help of SPSS version 21 and AMOS software, it was examined and analyzed between the amount of positive andnegative perfectionism in professional athletes of different disciplines. There is a significant difference in the study. The results of the Friedman test showed that according to the average ratings, the variable of individual effective factors has the highest rating and the environmental, interpersonal andorganizational variables has the lowest rating among the variables. The findings showed that the model of perfectionism factors in managers, coaches and professional athletes of the country has Thefitwas favorable and the findings showed that there is no significant difference between the level ofperfectionism of managers, coaches and professional athletes in the country Manuscript profile

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34 - Providing a model for predicting creativity based on resilience, self-efficacy, perfectionism, parental education, family backgrounds and close relatives' work with the mediator of progress motive in students
Gholam Jafarloo Nastaran Sharifi Hassanpasha Sharifi

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the present study is to predict creativity according to resilience, efficacy, adjusted perfectionism, maladjusted perfectionism, parents’ education, family members and close relatives’ creative activities, via motivation to More

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the present study is to predict creativity according to resilience, efficacy, adjusted perfectionism, maladjusted perfectionism, parents’ education, family members and close relatives’ creative activities, via motivation to progress among male students at Urmia, Iran. Method: The Statistical method of this research is path analysis, the sampling method is multi-step random sampling, and the sample size is 300 high school students in the second and third grades in mathematics, empirical science, and human science. For measuring the variables, the Abidi’s questionnaire of creativity, Hermens’s questionnaire of motivation to progress, Hil’s questionnaire of perfectionism, Shere’s questionnaire of self-efficacy, Kobasa’s questionnaire of resilience, questionnaire of parental education and creative activities of family members and close relatives were used. Findings: The result of the study showed that resilience, self-efficacy and, adjusted and maladjusted perfectionism have a significant direct relationship with creativity, and an indirect relationship with creativity via motivation to progress as a mediator variable. It also showed that parents’ education and creative activities of family members and close relatives have a significant direct relationship with creativity , but there is no significant relationship between the above variables and motivation to progress. Conclusion: motivation to progress as a mediator variable affects the relationship among resilience, self-efficacy motivation to progress and perfectionism with creativity. Key words: Creativity, motivation to progress, perfectionism, self-efficacy, resilience, parental education, the creative activities of family members and close relatives Manuscript profile

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35 - The Relationship between Perfectionism and Early Maladaptive Fantasies with Imposter Syndrome in Female Students
Mehrnoush Kalayi Rad Nadia Madani Pour Mahdieh Salehi

Purpose: One of the personality traits that affect students' performance is the syndrome of hypocrisy (Imposter syndrome). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perfectionism and the design of early maladaptive fantasies with Impos More

Purpose: One of the personality traits that affect students' performance is the syndrome of hypocrisy (Imposter syndrome). Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perfectionism and the design of early maladaptive fantasies with Imposter syndrome. She was a student girl. Methods: The research method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study included all female students studying in the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch in 2017-17. By stratified random sampling method and based on Krejcie and Morgan (1970) sample size determination table, 350 students were selected and Pretending Syndrome Questionnaire (Klans and Ames, 1978), Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (Frost, 1990) and completed the Yang-form maladaptive schematic questionnaire (Yang, 2005). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regressions with simultaneous input method and SPSS 26 statistical software. Results: The results showed that there is a significant correlation between perfectionism and its dimensions (worry about mistakes, doubts about actions, parental expectations, parental criticism, personal standards and organization) with the symptoms of hypocrisy. Also, the results showed that although there is a significant correlation between the total score of the initial maladaptive schema and all its dimensions with the syndrome of hypocrisy, but only the dimensions of affected / unchanged self, inadequate self-control / self-discipline, emotional deprivation, Abandonment / instability, mistrust / abuse, social isolation / alienation, failure, dependence / inadequacy, vulnerability to harm and disease, obedience and emotional inhibition have been able to explain the changes associated with the syndrome of hypocrisy. Conclusion: Students with the syndrome of pretense, despite the external evidence of success, are incapable of internalizing success and unhealthy perfectionism and early maladaptive schemas are the characteristics of these people. Manuscript profile

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36 - The Impact of Perfectionism on responsibility with the Mediating Role of Exam Anxiety in Students
maryam heydari akbar mohammadi sara haghighat

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of perfectionism on responsibility with the mediating role of exam anxiety in students. Methodology: In terms of purpose, this research was an applied research. The statistical population of the present st More

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of perfectionism on responsibility with the mediating role of exam anxiety in students. Methodology: In terms of purpose, this research was an applied research. The statistical population of the present study included all students of the units of the Islamic Azad University of Tehran Province who were studying in the academic year 2017-18. A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample and Based on this, 761 people were selected as the research sample. The research instruments were: Saranson's Exam Anxiety (1984), Felt and Hevit Perfectionism (1991), and California Responsibility (1951), all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. Analysis and analysis of the results of the questionnaires were performed using Spss-V24 and AMOS-V8.8 software at a significant level of 0.01. Structural equation modeling was used to test the research hypotheses. Result: The results showed that perfectionism has an indirect effect on responsibility due to the test anxiety. Perfectionism has a direct effect on responsibility. In addition, Perfectionism has a direct effect on test anxiety. Also, test anxiety has a direct effect on responsibility. In total, the model was acceptable and the corrective model had suitable fit. The results indicated that perfectionism and responsibility play an important role in the test anxiety (P<0.01) Conclusion: Therefore, considering these factors in therapeutic and educational interventions to reduce the test anxiety can be very effective. Manuscript profile

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37 - The Effectiveness of Emotion Therapy on Irrational Beliefs and Perfectionism in Female Students
Mahdi Khalili Mansoreh Mohammadi Fatemeh Sarokhani Zahra Ganjifar Ghazaleh Ternas

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotional therapy on irrational beliefs and perfectionism in female students. Methodology: The statistical population under study included all high school girls in the 2nd distr More

Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotional therapy on irrational beliefs and perfectionism in female students. Methodology: The statistical population under study included all high school girls in the 2nd district of Tehran, of which 30 female students who were between the ages of 12 and 18 and were interested in participating in the research were selected using available sampling and They were randomly divided into 2 groups of 15 people (experimental and control) where the experimental group received 12 sessions of emotional therapy training and the control group did not receive any intervention. The participants were evaluated with the Jones Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire (1996) and the Besharat Perfectionism Questionnaire (2012). The data was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance by SPSS23 software. Findings: The comparison of averages showed that the intervention was effective in changing the scores of irrational beliefs and perfectionism. The differences from post-test to follow-up are not significant (P<0.05). This means that the therapeutic effects have been stable over time. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the effectiveness of emotional therapy has had an effect on irrational beliefs and perfectionism in female students, and this effectiveness is stable over time. Manuscript profile

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38 - Predicting Perfectionism Based on Stress Styles in Students: The Role of Personality Traits
Najmeh Ardehkhani Reza Kachuian Javadi

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to predict perfectionism based on student coping styles and personality traits. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. In terms of purpose, this research was among the applied researchesو the prese More

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to predict perfectionism based on student coping styles and personality traits. Methodology: The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. In terms of purpose, this research was among the applied researchesو the present study population included 800 students in the field of personality psychology at Tehran University of Science and Research in the academic year of 2016-17. From the present population, 200 individuals were selected using stepwise cluster sampling. The tools used include the short form questionnaire of Neo's five-factor personality questionnaire, Parker and Andler's (CSII) Stress Control Styles (CSII), Short & Kamal's Perfectionism Questionnaire (1995), and the Determination Questionnaire. Results: The results of modeling structural equation (SEM) and path coefficients showed that the direct effects showed the significance of latent variables, meaning that five major personality factors and perfectionism in students have a direct effect on stress coping styles. These findings showed that students with problem-oriented and perfectionist style and with a responsible and extroverted personality in the face of stress, perceive life phenomena and events in a positive and purposeful way and seek constructive and purposeful changes in the aspect. They are different in their lives and they are looking for pleasant and effective resources, they have a positive and sincere attitude towards others, they are known as lovable people in educational and family environments (P<0.005). Conclusion: According to other people's results, they enjoy being with exciting people, and their presence is usually not boring. Manuscript profile

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39 - Identifying and Explaining the Factors Affecting Perfectionism in Managers
Tayebeh Malazm Hossein Peymanizad Mohammad Reza Esmaeilzadeh Ghandehari Hassan Fahim Davin

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40 - Presenting a Causal Model of Exam Anxiety Based on Family Communication Patterns and Parental Perfectionism with the Mediation of Learning Styles on Anxiety
محمدرضا سروهویدا مختار عارفی محمود گودرزی امید مرادی

AbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the development of a causalmodel of exam anxiety based on family communication patterns and parental perfectionismwith the mediation of learning styles and its effectiveness on students' exam anxiety. More

AbstractThe present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the development of a causalmodel of exam anxiety based on family communication patterns and parental perfectionismwith the mediation of learning styles and its effectiveness on students' exam anxiety. Thestatistical population was 9th grade male students of Kermanshah city in the academic yearof 1400-1401 (6578 people), of which 338 people were selected using multi-stage clustersampling method and random method. And in the second study, 30 people (15 people in theexperimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected using the stagedcluster sampling method. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes and thecontrol group did not receive any training. The measurement tools were Ahvaz TestAnxiety Questionnaire (TAI), Koerner and Fitner Patrick Family Communication Patterns(RFCP), Ahvaz Perfectionism (APS) and Kolb's Learning Styles (LSI). The findingsshowed that family communication patterns and parents' perfectionism and learning styleshave a significant causal relationship with exam anxiety. And finally, the results determinedthe mediating role of learning styles in the relationship between the mentioned variables,and it was also found that the educational program developed based on the extracted modelwas effective in reducing exam anxiety. Based on the findings, it is suggested to use theprogram of teaching family communication patterns, parental perfectionism and learningstyles to reduce students' exam anxiety. Manuscript profile

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41 - investigation of relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm
Shahla Mahmudian behrang esmaeili shad

The purpose of this research is to study the relation between perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm .This research is a kind of descriptive-correlation research.203 girls and boys students who are studing in high schools are considered as More

The purpose of this research is to study the relation between perfectionism and creativity in second high school students in Jajarm .This research is a kind of descriptive-correlation research.203 girls and boys students who are studing in high schools are considered as statistic population of this research.All samples of this research was counted and the questionnaires was distributed between all of the students .The data of research were collected via the scale of Tree-short and workers, perfectionism (1995) and Torrance,s creativity quiz (2002) .previously, the integrity of it was approved of professors and experts stability of this scale via Cronbach's alpha coefficient for positive and negative perfectionism of subscales was obtained 0/87 and 0/85 , respectively. and we obtained 0/82 for scale of creativity .In order to study the relations between the hypothesises of research via 18th version of SPSS software , we used collected data of Peirsoon,s correlation statiscal quiz , and then they were analysed by method of statistical analysis of multivariate Regression and T .the scale of perfectionism elaluates two dimensions that was named positive perfectionism and negative perfectionism .The result of multiple Regression ,s analysis is showed that:There is a meaningful relation between the dimension of perfectionism and creativity. The girls obtained higher grades in negative perfectionism while the boys obtained higher grades in positive perfectionism. Manuscript profile

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42 - Correlation parenting styles and dimensions Perfectionism with academic motivation their children on High school student damghan city
saideh fovadian

Relation between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with their children’s academic motivation Aabsrtact:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with the determination of their child More

Relation between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with their children’s academic motivation Aabsrtact:The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles and parental perfectionism with the determination of their children. the research method was descriptive and correlational the stoical population of the study included all male and females student secondary school in Damghan city (along with their parents)(N=1359). The academic year 1394-1395. A total of 300 students(girls 150, boys 150) were selected through multistage cluster randomly. They were asked to complete the questionnaire of styles parental parenting parental perfectionism dimensions and academic motivation scale .data analysis was performed using multivariate regression method .according to these results of research the style of effective parenting and other dimensions of the parent circuit and parenthood can predict the academic motivation of their children .in general Parents can take can take steps to improve their parenting by adopting proper parenting practices and rational expectations of their children. Key words: parenting styles , parental perfectionism dimensions، academic motivation . Manuscript profile

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43 - The mediating role of academic enthusiasm in the relationship between perfectionism and personality traits with academic stress
fateme pahlevanzadeh mahboobeh khanshan Mohammadreza Tamannaeifar

According to various researches, students suffer a lot of stress during their studies. Academic stress, if intensified or continued, causes problems in the field of mental health and well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the factors affecting academic st More

According to various researches, students suffer a lot of stress during their studies. Academic stress, if intensified or continued, causes problems in the field of mental health and well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the factors affecting academic stress. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of explaining academic stress based on perfectionism and personality traits with the mediation of academic enthusiasm.The current research was of a descriptive-correlation type. The statistical population of the research included all 6470 male and female secondary school students of Kashan city. 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls) were selected by cluster sampling method and were administered the Godzilla Academic Stress Questionnaire (SLSI), the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Questionnaire (MPS), the Neo Personality Personality Questionnaire (NEO-FFI) and the questionnaire Fredericks et al (AES) responded.The evaluation of the proposed model was done using structural equation modeling. The results showed that the proposed model has an acceptable fit. Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between perfectionism, personality traits and academic enthusiasm with academic stress. In addition, the results of the path analysis showed that academic enthusiasm plays a mediating role in the relationship between perfectionism and openness to experience with academic stress. The findings of the present research have practical implications for educational psychologists and school counselors for preventive educational interventions to control and prevent academic stress of students Manuscript profile

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44 - An investigation of the relationship between perfectionism with depression and academic achievement and the relationship between the latter variables with the socio-economic status of students at Islamic Azad University, Behbahan Branch
lila bakhshi

In this research we are trying to find right answers to the following questions. First, is there any meaningful relationship between perfectionism with depression and students’ academic achievement? Second, is there any meaningful relationship between depression More

In this research we are trying to find right answers to the following questions. First, is there any meaningful relationship between perfectionism with depression and students’ academic achievement? Second, is there any meaningful relationship between depression and academic achievement with their socioeconomic status? The aim of this research is to show to college students how to adapt their expectations with their abilities, because unlimited expectations create irreparable problems to them. Correlation and regression are the type of the research and sampling of the research are 400 college students. The means of the research include perfectionism questionnaire and depression questionnaire. Results of the research show a meaningful relationship between perfectionism with depression and students’ academic achievement and in addition to that there is a meaningful relationship between socioeconomic status with their depression Manuscript profile

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45 - The relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination: the mediator and moderator roles of test anxiety and self-compassion
MohammadReza Tamannaeifar Elham Mahboobi

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of negative perfectionism and academic procrastination according to the mediating and moderating role of test anxiety and self-compassion in students. Sample consisted of 362 male and female students of 2th c More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of negative perfectionism and academic procrastination according to the mediating and moderating role of test anxiety and self-compassion in students. Sample consisted of 362 male and female students of 2th course of high school of Kashan who were selected by multi - stage random sampling. In order to collect information the Academic Procrastination Scale, Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Test Anxiety Scale and Self-Compassion Scale—Short Form were used. The proposed model of the present study was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicated that the purposed model has relatively acceptable fit. Also, analysis of model indicated direct path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination was non- significant, but the total path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination was significant. Furthermore, indirect path of negative perfectionism to academic procrastination through test anxiety was significant. The results also indicated that the mediated relationship between negative perfectionism and academic procrastination was different from the test anxiety in students with high and low self-compassion. These findings have empirical implications in educational environments that can have the role in students' academic achievement. Manuscript profile

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46 - Causal modeling of relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism with Students' academic self-handicapping
Raziah Abdali Saeed Moshtaghi

The aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad More

The aim of this study was to explain the causal relationship between fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism and academic self-handicapping. This was a correlational study. For this purpose, 331 students of Andimeshk Islamic Azad University were selected by stratified random sampling method. The participants completed the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones & Rvdvlt, 1982), Positive Perfectionism Questionnaire (Terry-Short et al, 1995), brief form of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1989) and Self-Esteem Instability (Howard, 2017). The model was evaluated using path analysis and with the help of Amos software. The results indicated that the proposed model had acceptable fit with regard to the indices obtained. In this model, the fear of negative evaluation, self-esteem instability and positive perfectionism have a significant direct effect on academic self-handicapping. In addition, the indirect effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-esteem instability on academic self-handicapping through the positive perfectionism was also significant (p < 0.05). Based on the above results, encouraging and orienting the goal of positive perfectionism in students can reduce the incidence of academic procrastination in them. Manuscript profile

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47 - Relationship between Perfectionism Dimensions and Basic Mathematical Skills of students
Bahareh Soleymani Ghasem Rekabdar

The aim of this study was evaluation the dimensions of perfectionism related with the basic mathematics skills of Islamic Azad University of Abadan students. For this purpose a sample included 300 students (175 males and 125 females) in the second semester of the academ More

The aim of this study was evaluation the dimensions of perfectionism related with the basic mathematics skills of Islamic Azad University of Abadan students. For this purpose a sample included 300 students (175 males and 125 females) in the second semester of the academic year 88-1387 basic and general math courses were registered was selected randomly. Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale was used to measure of perfectionism, this scale includes of parental feelings, concerns about mistakes, doubts about actions, personal standards and organization subscales Also, option 5 of 15 questions were used to test students in basic math skills. Data LRead phonetically Dictionary - View detailed dictionaryanalysis of Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The results indicate a positive relationship with personal standards perfectionism in basic math skills, and negative correlation between perfectionism measures in doubt about the basic mathematical skills. This study shows that affective factors in mathematics education along with the rest of perfectionism should be affective factors such as mathematics anxiety and attitudes toward mathematics must take into consideration. Manuscript profile

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48 - Prediction of Anxiety, Aggression and Social Competence among Preschool Children based on Parents' Maladaptive Perfectionism
Khadijeh Abolmaali

The purpose of this study was to predict anxiety, aggression and social competence among preschool children based on parents' maladaptive perfectionism. Eight of preschool centers in Tehran and then 170 children from these centers were randomly selected. Two questionnai More

The purpose of this study was to predict anxiety, aggression and social competence among preschool children based on parents' maladaptive perfectionism. Eight of preschool centers in Tehran and then 170 children from these centers were randomly selected. Two questionnaires of Ahvaz perfectionism scale and Social Competence and Behavior Evaluation Scale for preschool children were completed. Multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results suggest that only maladaptive perfectionism of mothers can predict aggression and anxiety in preschool children, but the fathers' maladaptive perfectionism can't predict these two variables. Also, social competence could not be predicted by parents' perfectionism Manuscript profile

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49 - Influence of marriage preparation programme instruction on couples communication beliefs
Javad Khalatbari Shohreh Ghorbanshiroudi Zahra Madiuon

The present research designed and implemented with the goal of study of marriage preparation programme instruction influence on the couples communication beliefs of 300 couples that had referred to Kermanshah’s health center for pre-marriage consultation, 40 perso More

The present research designed and implemented with the goal of study of marriage preparation programme instruction influence on the couples communication beliefs of 300 couples that had referred to Kermanshah’s health center for pre-marriage consultation, 40 persons (20 males and 20 females) who had got the highest score in the communication beliefs (the accepted score should be mentioned) in comparison to other group members were selected and in the next steps, this 40-member group was divided randomly into two groups of control (comparison group is a more appropriate word) and experiment. That constituted 20 persons of experimental group and 20 persons of control group and the experimental group has been participated instruction classes of marriage preparation programme. After finishing of instruction classes of the marriage preparation programme, again inventory of the communication beliefs performed as a post-test. Collected data has been used by covariance analysis test to examine variation in unreasonable beliefs. Obtained result of first hypothesis showed that instruction of the marriage preparation programme is effective in changing couples communication beliefs, and generally unreasonable communication beliefs have been decreased meaningfully. According to the second hypothesis, instruction of the marriage preparation programme has been effective in variation of married male’s communication beliefs. In the third hypothesis also this point was confirmed that instruction of the marriage preparation programme has been effective in variation of the couple’s communication beliefs, in belief component to ruin disagreement. Also the fifth hypothesis confirm that instruction of the marriage preparation programme is effective in changing of the couples communication beliefs, in the belief component to exchangeability of a spouse. And the sixth hypothesis results suggested that instruction of the marriage preparation programme is effective in changing couples communication beliefs in the component of reading mind expectation. And eighth hypothesis is based on the effect that instruction of the marriage preparation programme is effective in changing of the couples communication beliefs about generic differences, no meaningful changes have be seen in the post-test, so these two hypotheses were not confirmed. Manuscript profile

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50 - Modeling of academic self-handicapping in university students of Tehran
Mohammad SayyedSalehi Noorali Farrokhi

This research was conducted to determine the causal relationships of variables that have most effect on academic self-handicapping in the university students of Tehran. The population was the university students of Tehran that 520 people were selected from the universit More

This research was conducted to determine the causal relationships of variables that have most effect on academic self-handicapping in the university students of Tehran. The population was the university students of Tehran that 520 people were selected from the universities of Allameh Tabataba’i, Tehran, south branch of Payam-e-Noor & south branch of Islamic Azad through voluntary sampling. The research tools was include the NEO-FFI, perfectionism Multidimensional Questionnaire, General self-efficacy Questionnaire, classroom motivational scale, Jones & Rhodewalt academic self-handicapping Questionnaire, Rosenberg self-esteem Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using structural equations modeling. The findings provided a robust support for the hypothesized structural relationships and show that personality traits, perfectionism, self-esteem, academic performance and academic motivation could directly affect academic self-handicapping and self-efficacy could indirectly affect academic self-handicapping with the mediating effects of academic performance. Also personality traits and perfectionism could indirectly affect academic self-handicapping with the mediating effects of academic performance and academic motivation. With the increase in neuroticism and by reducing the openness experience, academic self-handicapping will likely emerge and also high level of  self-esteem, self-efficacy and academic motivation Will lead to lower levels of academic self-handicapping but high level of perfectionism and academic performance Increases the academic self-handicapping behaviors. Manuscript profile

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51 - Relationship of Perfectionism, Assertiveness and Adjustment of Female Students of Isfahan University (2012-2013)
Fariborz1 Sedigh Arfai . Mohammad Reza Tamannaifar Marziyeh Rezaeinia

The present research investigates the relationship between perfectionism, assertiveness and adjustment. Sample of Study is including 365 individuals of students of Isfahan University for the academic year of 2012 who were selected through a simple random method. Measure More

The present research investigates the relationship between perfectionism, assertiveness and adjustment. Sample of Study is including 365 individuals of students of Isfahan University for the academic year of 2012 who were selected through a simple random method. Measured variables (perfectionism, assertiveness, and compatibility) by Hill Perfectionism questionnaire, shun, herzbergr and kets assertiveness questionnaire and Bell Adjustment questionnaire. Data were analyzed by statistical indexes like Pearson's correlation coefficient, analysis of regression, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent T-test. Results showed that perfectionism and assertiveness predict Adjustment of students and scores of assertiveness has the greatest effect   on scores of adjustment. There is a significant relationship between perfectionism and assertiveness the   students. There is, also, a Significant relationship between perfectionism and of adjustment and there is, also, a Significant relationship between assertiveness and adjustment. Three variables of perfectionism, assertiveness and adjustment is not the same among students of different faculties. The results of consider relations between perfectionism, assertiveness and adjustment, with age, show than there is not significant relationship between perfectionism and adjustment with age but there is a positive correlation and significantly between assertiveness and age. About of the Relationships between these three variables with marital, also, the results indicate that scores of perfectionism, assertiveness, and adjustment for married students as compared with single students is far more than grades. Manuscript profile

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52 - Identify Typology of Perfectionism and Its Effect beside Gender on Attitude toward Entrepreneurship
Ghasem Rekabdar Bahareh Soleymani

The purpose of this study was to identify different typologies of perfectionism and their effects on students’ attitude toward entrepreneurship. The study used descriptive method with the survey research type. The population (N=909) of this study included undergra More

The purpose of this study was to identify different typologies of perfectionism and their effects on students’ attitude toward entrepreneurship. The study used descriptive method with the survey research type. The population (N=909) of this study included undergraduate students in the fields of Economics, Accounting and Management, from the Islamic Azad University-Abadan Branch in the second semester of the 1388-89 academic year. Using Cochran's formula a sample of 234 students (116 females and 118 males) was selected by multistage cluster sampling. The brief version of Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale was used for measuring perfectionism, and the entrepreneurial attitude scale was made by the researchers. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were estimated by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha with the acceptable results. The data were analyzed using the Two-Way ANOVA and cluster analysis. The Two Way ANOVA results indicated that the typology of perfectionism (healthy perfectionism, unhealthy perfectionism and normal perfectionism) had a significant effect, and gender had no significant effect on the attitude toward entrepreneurship. The results of Tukey test also showed that healthy perfectionism students had a better attitude toward entrepreneurship than other students. The results of this study can be used in teaching entrepreneurship and academic counseling. Manuscript profile

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53 - An Investigation of the Relationship between Perfectionism and Feeling of Loneliness and the Life Quality of Medical Students in Guilan Province
Javad Khalatbari Shohreh Ghorbanshiroudi Iman Hosseini

Life quality has been proposed as one of the signs for measuring health. It has been expressed as a combination of social, mental and physical welfare that can be understood by an individual or groups of people, and is considered one’s thoughts of his or her situa More

Life quality has been proposed as one of the signs for measuring health. It has been expressed as a combination of social, mental and physical welfare that can be understood by an individual or groups of people, and is considered one’s thoughts of his or her situation of life based on culture and value regulation he or she lives in as well as the relation among these thoughts with purposes, expectations, criteria in addition to the consideration of priorities of the person. The present study investigated the relationship between life quality and two variables of perfectionism and feeling of loneliness in medical students of Guilan province. This study was accomplished with the purpose of investigating the relationship between perfectionism and feeling of loneliness and the life quality of medical students in Guilan province. The research method was ‘correlation analysis’ and population of this research were all medical students of medical science university of Guilan (612 people) who were selected via cluster sampling in about 300 students, 150 female student and 150 male students. They were the sample groups of the current study. The research materials were Hill Perfectionism Measure, the brief form of Life Quality Questionnaire of World Health Organization as well as the questionnaire measuring social and mental loneliness. The data were analyzed via Multivariable Regression and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results showed that perfectionism and feeling of loneliness were perfect explanations of life quality, thus, a higher life quality could be of more relationship with feeling of loneliness and perfectionism which meant that as life quality increased, the feeling of loneliness decreased. The correlation analysis between perfectionism and feeling of loneliness indicated that a significant correlation was achieved, also, the correlation between perfectionism and life quality was significant. Therefore, a significant correlation was achieved between feeling of loneliness and life quality.    Manuscript profile

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54 - The mediating role of social anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and sexual satisfaction in married female teachers in Sirjan
Eshrat Karimi Afshar Mojtaba Jahanshahi Nasab

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1912067.1509

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of social anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and sexual satisfaction in married female teachers in Sirjan. The research method is correlation based on the purpose and in the research design, anal More

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of social anxiety in the relationship between perfectionism and sexual satisfaction in married female teachers in Sirjan. The research method is correlation based on the purpose and in the research design, analysis of covariance matrix (structural equation model analysis) was used. The statistical population was all married female teachers in Sirjan in 2020 that 300 people were selected as a sample by stratified random sampling. Subjects completed the questionnaires of social anxiety (Jarabak, 1996), perfectionism (Hamchak, 1987), and sexual satisfaction (Yavari Kermani, 2007). Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling using SPSS 23 and PLS software. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between perfectionism and sexual satisfaction with the mediating role of social anxiety. There is a significant relationship between perfectionism and sexual satisfaction, perfectionism and social anxiety and there is a significant relationship between social anxiety and sexual satisfaction. Manuscript profile

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55 - The Relationship between Sternberg Thinking Styles and Perfectionism with the Happiness of Female High School Students in Khoy City
Sepideh Badamchi Sohrab Yazdani Hossein Vahedi

10.30495/jwsf.2022.1942097.1626

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Sternberg thinking styles and the three Dimensions of Perfectionism with the happiness of female high school students in Khoy. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlati More

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Sternberg thinking styles and the three Dimensions of Perfectionism with the happiness of female high school students in Khoy. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection. The Statistical population of the present study included female high School students in Khoy city in the 1399-1400 academic year, with a number of 5300 according to the report of the Department of Education. Multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select the sample. Krejcie and Morgan sampling table was used to determine the sample size and 357 people were selected as the sample. Data collection tools were the Sternberg Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) and the Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple regression analysis. The results showed that, there is a positive and significant relationship between thinking styles and its components (legislative, executive and judicial thinking styles) with the happiness of female high School students. Also there is a negative and significant relationship between perfectionism and its components (self-centered, other-oriented and community-oriented perfectionism) with the happiness of female high school students. In addition, thinking styles and perfectionism are able to predict happiness in students. . Manuscript profile

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56 - رابطه بین انگیزه و هویت زبان آموزان مونث و مذکر ایرانی: کمال گرایی و سخت گرایی
نازیلا تخمه فروشان خیابانی نسرین حدیدی تمجید

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی رابطه بین انگیزه یادگیری زبان آموزان مونث و مذکر ایرانی و شخصیت آنها از دو جنبهسرسختی و کمال گرایی انجام گرفت. ساختار این تحقیق طرح توصیفی رابطه ای بود. شرکت کننده گان این تحقیق100 نفر دانشجوی مونث و مذکر ایرانی از میان رشته های زبان انگلیسی بودند More

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی رابطه بین انگیزه یادگیری زبان آموزان مونث و مذکر ایرانی و شخصیت آنها از دو جنبهسرسختی و کمال گرایی انجام گرفت. ساختار این تحقیق طرح توصیفی رابطه ای بود. شرکت کننده گان این تحقیق100 نفر دانشجوی مونث و مذکر ایرانی از میان رشته های زبان انگلیسی بودند که به صورت تصادفی از بین زبانآموزان گروه انگلیسی انتخاب شدند. سه پرسشنامه اعم از پرسشنامه انگیزه، سرسختی، و کمال گرایی بین زبانآموزان زن و مرد توزیع شد. تحلیل آماری با استفاده از آزمون ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، آزمون تی نمونه هایمستقل برای پاسخگویی به سوالهای تحقیق که آیا رابطه یا تفاوت معنی داری بین انگیزه زنان و مردان و شخصیتآنها وجود دارد یا نه صورت گرفت. نتیجه بدست آمده نشان داد که رابطه معنی داری بین انگیزه یادگیری زبانآموزان و سرسختی آنها در گروه مردان و زنان وجود ندارد. همچنین ، طبق نتایج بدست آمده، رابطه معنی داری بینانگیزه یادگیری زبان آموزان مرد و زن و کمال گرایی آنها وجود نداشت. بعلاوه، طبق تحقیقات به عمل آمده تفاوتمعنی داری بین انگیزه زبان آموزان زن و مرد از لحاظ سرسختی و کمال گرایی مشاهده نشد. Manuscript profile

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57 - The Mediating Role of Achievement Goals Orientation in the Relationship between Perfectionism and Academic Performance
Reza Abdi

The aim of the present research was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and academic performance and the mediating role of achievement goal orientation in this regard among students. To this purpose, 240 students from Shahid Madani University were selected More

The aim of the present research was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and academic performance and the mediating role of achievement goal orientation in this regard among students. To this purpose, 240 students from Shahid Madani University were selected by cluster sampling and completed the instruments, among whom six were excluded because of their incomplete questionnaires and the ultimate analysis were done on 234. The instruments were Hill Perfectionism Scale and Achievement Goal Questionnaire. The results showed that the positive perfectionism has a strong effect on Master-Approach, Performance-Approach and Performance-Avoidance orientations and negative perfectionism has an effect on Performance-Approach and Performance-Avoidance orientation. Also, it was found that positive perfectionism has an effect on academic performance. The other findings showed that Master-Avoidance and Performance-Avoidance orientations have a negative effect on academic Performance. Finally, the results showed that Performance-Avoidance orientation has a mediating role in the relationship between positive perfectionism and academic performance and in the relationship between negative perfectionism and academic performance. Manuscript profile

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58 - The mediating role of goal orientation on the causal relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety
somayeh hassa nia Raziyeh Sheykhol Eslami Mahin Pordel

This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety of goal orientationwas through mediation. For this purpose, 320 students were selected from Shiraz high schools using multi-stage random sampling. three authentic questi More

This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship dimensions of perfectionism and test anxiety of goal orientationwas through mediation. For this purpose, 320 students were selected from Shiraz high schools using multi-stage random sampling. three authentic questionnaires were used to collect data. These questionnaires included Perfectionism Inventory Hill et al (2004), Sarason Test Anxiety scale (1984) and Scale of achievement goals. Path analysis using structural equation modeling was implemented for data analysis. Findings showed that the model had a good fitness with the research’s data. In this study, direct path positive perfectionism with dimension of thinking irrelevant was significant negatively. The direct path negative perfectionism to test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) was significant. And direct path positive perfectionism with mastery and performance goal orientation was significant. But the direct path negative perfectionism to mastery and performance goal orientation was not significant. Mastery goal orientation all aspects of test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) negatively predicted. But performance goal orientation did not predict any of the dimensions of test anxiety. positive perfectionism, indirectly, through mastery goal orientation with all aspects of test anxiety (Stress and anxiety, and somatic symptoms and thinking irrelevant) was significant. People with positive perfectionism to choose mastery goals, in stressful situations, such as test anxiety experience less anxiety. Manuscript profile

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59 - Relationship between perfectionism and social-anxiety in regard to self-esteem role as a mediator among the third grade high school students in Shiraz
Neghin Aslami Mohammad Khayer Ladan Hashemi

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety due to the mediating role of self-esteem among third grade high school students. Thus among male and female third grade high school students in four district of education More

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and social anxiety due to the mediating role of self-esteem among third grade high school students. Thus among male and female third grade high school students in four district of education in 2011-2012 in Shiraz. Using multiple stage cluster random sampling method the sample size was 222 (115 female, 107 male) were selected and using Jerabek social anxiety scale (JSAS) (1996), self-esteem (Rosenberg, 1965) and multidimensional perfectionism scale (Hewitt and Flett, 1991), were tested. Using simultaneous multiple regression analysis and Bar on and Kenny methods (1986), were analyzed. Results showed that socially prescribed perfectionism was positive predictor of social anxiety. Socially oriented perfectionism was negative predictor and self-oriented perfectionism was positive predictor of self-esteem. Self-esteem as a mediator played a role in relation to socially oriented perfectionism and social anxiety. Manuscript profile

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60 - Predict marital burnout for young couples in Divorce Based on Conflict resolution styles, Perfectionism and Emotional tuning styles Babol city
M Vaygani Arsalan Khanmohammadi Jamal Sadeghi

10.22034/ssyj.2022.1960114.1249

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61 - Modeling the Structural Relationship between Perfectionism and Life Expectance through Mediating Role of Moral Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence in Young Directors of Islamic Azad University
Saeed Ahmad Khosravi Babak Hosseinzadeh Jamal Sadeghi Ali Asghar Shojaei

10.22034/ssyj.2019.668102

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62 - The Effectiveness of Positive Thinking Skills Training on the Positive and Negative Affection and Perfectionism of High School Students in Fereydunkenar City
Leila Babaei Rajab Ali Mohammadzadeh

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63 - The Relationship between English Language Teacher Perfectionism, Efficacy, and Burnout
Azadeh Ghorbanzadeh Ghafour Rezaie

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64 - A Comparative Study of English and Math Teachers’ Perfectionism: Leadership and Empowerment
Hamed Ghaemi Mohammad Javad Sadeghi Fard

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65 - Student Obsessive-Compulsive Exercise Based on Parental Perfectionism and Impulsiveness
mehnosh rahimi shima zamaniha

This study aimed to predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in students based on parents perfectionism and impulsivity. Descriptive-correlational method was used for doing research. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of Islamic A More

This study aimed to predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in students based on parents perfectionism and impulsivity. Descriptive-correlational method was used for doing research. The statistical population of the study consisted of students of Islamic Azad University, Rohn Branch, in the first semester of the first academic year of 2011-2012. They were selected by random sampling of a multi-stage sampling of 150 people. The research tools included Hilal perfectionism log et al., Barat impulsivity questionnaire and Practical obsessive-compulsive disorder (PADOI SANAVIO) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using multivariable regression analysis. Parental perfectionism and impulsivity with obsessive-compulsive disorder are significant at 5% level, and the positivity of these coefficients actually indicates that increasing these factors increases the level of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Based on the findings of the research, it can be said that the personality characteristics of parents such as perfectionism affect the formation and continuation of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Also, the inability to control the impulse has an effect on obsessive-compulsive disorder. Manuscript profile

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66 - Perfectionism and coping styles with stress
Mohammad Ali Besharat Hossein Nadali Azra Zebardast Maryam Salehi

In order to examine the relationship between perfectionism and coping with stress, 195 girls and 183 boys college students (age mean=22 years) answered a Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Terry–Short, Owens, Slade, & Dewey, 1995) More

In order to examine the relationship between perfectionism and coping with stress, 195 girls and 183 boys college students (age mean=22 years) answered a Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Terry–Short, Owens, Slade, & Dewey, 1995) and the Tehran Coping Styles Scale (Besharat, 2008). The results revealed that positive perfectionism was positively associated with problem-focused and positive emotion-focused coping styles, and negatively correlated with problem focused and negative emotion-focused coping style. Negative perfectionism had the negative correlation with these styles. Improvement of coping strategies based on positive/negative motivational dynamics, the negative interaction/opposition of idealism-realism testing, satisfaction/dissatisfaction with personal performance, generalization of adaptive/maladaptive interaction with parents, and optimism/pessimism are discussed. Manuscript profile

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67 - Perfectionism and Competitive Anxiety in Athletes
Mohammad Ali Besharat Seyedeh Asma Hoseini

n order to explain different aspects of competitive anxiety including cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence as related to dimensions of perfectionism including striving for perfection (positive perfectionism) and negative reaction to imperfection (nega More

n order to explain different aspects of competitive anxiety including cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety, and self-confidence as related to dimensions of perfectionism including striving for perfection (positive perfectionism) and negative reaction to imperfection (negative perfectionism), 173 volunteer athletes (115 males, 58 females) from different Iranian sport federations participated in the current study and completed the Competitive Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2009a) and the Multidimensional Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire (Besharat, 2009b). The results revealed that 1) striving for perfection (positive perfectionism) was negatively associated with cognitive and somatic anxiety, and positively associated with self-confidence, 2) negative reaction to imperfection (negative perfectionism) was positively associated with cognitive and somatic anxiety and negatively associated with self-confidence, and 3) dimensions of perfectionism can predict changes related to athletes' competitive anxiety. Moreover, striving for perfection decreased competitive anxiety and increased self-confidence through reinforcing personal feelings of competence, control and management of competitive conditions and concentration while performing sport skills and techniques. Conversely, negative reaction to imperfection, increased competitive anxiety and decreased self-confidence by weakening personal feelings of competence, control and management of competitive conditions and disturbing concentration while performing sport skills and techniques Manuscript profile

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68 - The Mediating Role of Forgiveness on the Relationship Between Dimensions of Perfectionism and Interpersonal Problems
Hamed Kashanaki Mohammad Ali Besharat Fereshteh Rajabian Tabesh

Recent studies have shown that forgiveness can predict mental health and the quality of relationships. The present study investigate the moderating role of types of forgiveness (self, other, and position) on the relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal probl More

Recent studies have shown that forgiveness can predict mental health and the quality of relationships. The present study investigate the moderating role of types of forgiveness (self, other, and position) on the relationship between perfectionism and interpersonal problems. A total of 286 students (154 girls, 132 boys) from University of Tehran participated in this study. Participants completed Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2007), Dispositional Hartland Forgiveness Scale (Thompson, Snyder, Hoffman, Michael, Rasmussen, et al., 2005), and Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (Besharat, 2016). Results showed that the types of forgiveness are negatively related to dimensions of perfectionism and this relationship was different between girls and boys. Also dimensions of perfectionism were positively related to interpersonal problems in both men and women. Generally, types of forgiveness mediated the association between perfectionism and interpersonal problems. Based on these results, it can be concluded that perfectionism is not entirely a maladaptive trait. When perfectionism is accompanied by forgiveness, it may be efficient. A comparison between girls and boys revealed an influential role for sex on the relationships between variables studied.   Manuscript profile

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69 - An Investigation of the Relationship Between Perfectionism and Self - Esteem in Pre-College Students
Mohammad Ali Besharat

This study examines the relationship between perfectionism and self- esteem in a group of pre-college students. An equal number of male and female participants (180 boys and girls) were asked to complete the Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale More

This study examines the relationship between perfectionism and self- esteem in a group of pre-college students. An equal number of male and female participants (180 boys and girls) were asked to complete the Farsi version of the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (FPANPS) and the CooperSmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI). Results revealed that positive perfectionism and self-esteem were positively correlated whereas the correlation between negative perfectionism and self-esteem was found to be negative. It is concluded here that positive perfectionism increases the level of selfesteem through the enhancement of self competence and self-acceptance whereas negative perfectionism decreases the level of self-esteem through reducing self-competence and self-acceptance, as well as developing or intensifying psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety and personality or interpersonal problems Manuscript profile

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70 - Social phobia,parenting styles,and perfectionism
Shabnam Bitaraf Mohammad R. Shaeeri Mansour Hakim Javadi

This research explored the role of perfectionism and parenting styles in explaining students’ social phobia. A sample of 396 students (215 females and 181 males) from GuilanUniversity responded to Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1973), Frost Multi More

This research explored the role of perfectionism and parenting styles in explaining students’ social phobia. A sample of 396 students (215 females and 181 males) from GuilanUniversity responded to Baumrind’s Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1973), Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990), and the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor, Davidson, Churchill et al., 2000). The findings based on Pearson correlation showed that social phobia was positively correlated with authoritarian parenting styleand with two dimensions of perfectionism including “concern over mistakes” and “doubt about actions". Social phobia was negatively correlated with authoritative parenting style and parental expectations (a dimension of perfectionism). Implications are discussed in terms of interactions of parenting educational consequences and parents' personality characteristics on children's mental health.     Manuscript profile

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71 - perfectionism and physical health:the mediatig effects of positive and negative affects
Mohammad Ali Beshara Ali Asgari Seyyedeh Zahra Alibakhshi Ali A. Movahedinasab

The mediating effects of positive and negative affects on the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism (self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed) with physical health in a sample of general population were studied. One hundred and thirty one women More

The mediating effects of positive and negative affects on the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism (self-oriented, other-oriented, and socially prescribed) with physical health in a sample of general population were studied. One hundred and thirty one women and 103 men volunteered for this study. Participants were asked to complete the Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2007), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clarke, & Tellegen, 1988), and the Physical Health Inventory (Molnar, Reker, Culp, Sadava, & DcCourville, 2006). Positive and negative affects mediated the relationship between self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism with physical health in opposite directions. Positive and negative affects did not show a significant mediation effect on the relationship between so- cially prescribed perfectionism and physical health. It was concluded that the mediation effect of negative affects (R2 = 0.56) was greater than the mediation effect of positive affects (R2 =0.44) in the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and physical health.     Manuscript profile

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72 - The relationship between perfectionism and burnuot among physically disabled elite athletes
Sara Azizi Reza Nikbakhsh

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and burnout among physically-motionally disabled elite athletes. The sample consisted of 118 athletes (mean age 24.83±5.74 yrs, athletic experiences 12.43±6.53 yrs, and competi More

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perfectionism and burnout among physically-motionally disabled elite athletes. The sample consisted of 118 athletes (mean age 24.83±5.74 yrs, athletic experiences 12.43±6.53 yrs, and competitive experiences 8.39±4.40 yrs) who attended in Guangzhou Asian Games in 2010. The participants voluntarily completed the Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Haase & Prapavessis, 2004) and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (Raedeke & Smith, 2001). The results of Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that (1) positive perfectionism had significant and negative relationships with the reduced sense of accomplishment, emotional/physical exhaustion, devaluation, and total level of burnout, and (2) negative perfectionism had significant relationship with only the reduced sense of accomplishment. The results of regression analysis indicated that positive perfectionism was the only determinant of total level of burnout. The findings indicate that the positive perfectionism tendencies are effective in preventing ruining effects of burnout in physically disabled elite athletes. Manuscript profile

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73 - psychometric testing of the multidimensional perfectionism cognitions inventory
Negin Motamed Yeganeh Omid Shokri

the present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory-English (MPCI-E; Kabori, 2006) among Iranian students. Three hundred university students (156 males, 144 females) completed the MPCI-E and the P More

the present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory-English (MPCI-E; Kabori, 2006) among Iranian students. Three hundred university students (156 males, 144 females) completed the MPCI-E and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988). The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and internal consistency were used to assess factorial validity and reliability of the MPCIE, respectively. The divergent validity of the MPCI-E were assessed through correlations between MPCI-E scales and past-week positive and negative affect. The results of principal component analysis (PC) and oblique rotation indicated that the MPCI-E consisted of three factors: personal standards, concern over mistakes, and pursuit of perfection. Goodness-of-fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three extracted factors. A differential pattern of significant correlations between the MPCI-E and positive and negative affect demonstrated divergent validity of the MPCI-E. Internal consistencies of the MPCI-E subscales were good. In sum, these findings provided evidence for the validity and reliability of the MPCI-E as a multidimensional measure of perfectionism cognitions in Iranian students.       Manuscript profile

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74 - The mediating role of causal attributions on the relationship between perfectionism and academic well-being among gifted adolescents
Mojtaba Malek Jafarian Omid Shokri Masoud Sharifi

This study examined the mediating effect of causal attributions on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic well-being among male and female gifted students. In this correlational study, 352 gifted students (152 male and 200 female) resp More

This study examined the mediating effect of causal attributions on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic well-being among male and female gifted students. In this correlational study, 352 gifted students (152 male and 200 female) responded to the Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (MPCI), the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), the School Engagement Inventory (SEI) and the School Burnout Inventory (SBI). Multi-group structural equation modeling was used to assess causal attributions on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic well-being among male and female gifted students. Results indicated that for total sampel and for male and female gifted students, the partially mediated model of positive and negative causal attributions on the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and academic well-being had good fit to data. The results of the group specificity of structural relations showed that the relationship between perfectionism, causal attributins and academic well-being were equivalent for both groups. Furthermore, all of the regression weights in the hypothesized model were statistically significant and model' predictors accounted for 41% and 32% of the variance in academic engagement and academic burnout, respectively. In sum, these findings show that the positive and negative perfectionism affect academic well-being of male and femle gifted students through affecting on adaptive and nonadaptive causal attributions.  Manuscript profile

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75 - Psychometric Properties of the Self-Esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents
Sohrab Amiri Amir Ghasemi Navab Yuosef Jamali

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties the Self-esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents (SCQA; Wouters, & et al., 2016 ) among student population. Two hundred and eighty six students were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling. The More

This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties the Self-esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents (SCQA; Wouters, & et al., 2016 ) among student population. Two hundred and eighty six students were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling. The participants completed the SCQA, the Conditional Self-Worth Scale (Croker, & et al., 2003) and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Frost, et al., 1990). The validity of the SCQA was assessed by Cronbach's alpha, test-retest and splitting methods. The criterion validity of the SCQA was assessed using the Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. The results indicated that the discriminant and convergent validity of the SCQA were desirable and the stability of the SCQA. The factor structure of the was assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the factor analysis indicated that the Self-esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents (SCQA) had eight factors. Overall, the findings suggests that the Self-esteem Contingency Questionnaire for Adolescents has a good psychometric properties in a sample of Iranian Adolescent Students and can be used in the Iranian culture -related studies Manuscript profile

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76 - The Mediating Role of Ego Strength in the Relationship between Dimensions of Perfectionism and Depressive Symptoms
Mohammad Ali Besharat Mohammad Mahdi Asadi Masoud Gholmali Lavasani

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of ego strength in the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and depressive symptoms. The sample consisted of 268 students (144 females, 124 males) from the University of Tehran. All participa More

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of ego strength in the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and depressive symptoms. The sample consisted of 268 students (144 females, 124 males) from the University of Tehran. All participants completed the Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat, 2007), the Depression Anxiety Stress scales (DASS-21; Lavibond & Lavibond, 1995), and the Ego Strength Scale (ESS; Besharat, 2016). The results indicated that self-oriented perfectionism was negatively related to depressive symptoms and other-oriented/socially prescribed perfectionism was positively related to depressive symptoms. There was a significant negative relationship between ego strength and depressive symptoms. Ego strength mediated the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and depressive symptoms. The findings suggested that the relationship between dimensions of perfectionism and depressive symptoms was not linear and unidimensional and ego strength played a mediating role in the relationship between the two Manuscript profile

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77 - The Mediating Role of Procrastination in the Relationship between Perfectionism Pathologies and Depression/Anxiety Symptoms
Mohammad Ali Besharat Hadi Farahmand Masoud Gholamali Lavasani

The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of procrastination in the relationship between perfectionism pathologies and depression/anxiety symptoms. Five hundred and twenty eight students of Tehran university (274 females, 254 males) completed the Te More

The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of procrastination in the relationship between perfectionism pathologies and depression/anxiety symptoms. Five hundred and twenty eight students of Tehran university (274 females, 254 males) completed the Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Besharat, 2007), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lavibond & Lavibond, 1995), and the Pure Procrastination Scale (PPS; Steel, 2010). The results indicated that the hypothesized model had a good fit with the observed data. The relationships among other-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism, procrastination, and depression/anxiety symptoms were significantly positive. The results of path analysis indicated that procrastination mediated the association between perfectionism pathologies and depression/anxiety symptoms. The findings suggest that perfectionism pathologies and procrastination were associated with the severity of depression and anxiety symptoms. Considering perfectionism pathologies and procrastination are important in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety symptoms as well as in promoting mental health among general population. Manuscript profile

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78 - The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem: The Relationship Between Perfectionism Dimensions with Depression and Aggression
Tayyebe maleki Elham Asbaghy

The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between perfectionism dimensions with depression and aggression. 301 (129 males, 172 females) were selected by available sampling method. They completed Tehran Multidim More

The purpose of the present study was to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between perfectionism dimensions with depression and aggression. 301 (129 males, 172 females) were selected by available sampling method. They completed Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (TMPS; Besharat, 1386); aggresshon Quetionnaire (AQ; Buss & Perry, 1992); Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II; Beck et al 1996) and Self-Esteem of Multidimeensional Self-Esteem Inventory (MSEL; Obrien&Epstein, 1998). Based on Pearson Correlation Test, the results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between perfectionism dimensions (other-oriented, and socially-prescribed) with self-esteem and significant negative relationship between self-esteem with depression & aggression. The results of path analyse showed perfectionism explain 53 percent of the variance of self-esteem, perfectionism and self-esteem explain 63 percent of the variance of depression and perfectionism and self-esteem explain 44 percent of the variance of aggression. According to the finding, it can be concluded that the relationship between perfectionism dimensions with depression and aggression is not a simple linear one and self-esteem can plays a mediating role in the relationship between them. Manuscript profile

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79 - Perfectionism,emotional probleme and life satisfaction in iranian college students
Zohre Mohammadi Bahram Jokar

The present study measured the relationship between consequences of perfectionism, emotional problems and life satisfaction. Participants were 297 (216 women and 81 men) students enrolled at Marvdasht Islamic Azad university who completed the Frost Multidimensional Perf More

The present study measured the relationship between consequences of perfectionism, emotional problems and life satisfaction. Participants were 297 (216 women and 81 men) students enrolled at Marvdasht Islamic Azad university who completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Frost, Marten, Lahart, & Rosenblate, 1990), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), and the Life Satisfaction Scale (Huebner, 1994). Simultaneous multiple regression analysis indicated that the dimensions of perfectionism including concern about mistakes, parental criticism, doubts about actions and present standards explained life satisfaction (R2 =0.21). The two dimensions of personal standards and organization explained anxiety (R2 =0.33), depression (R2 =0.41) and stress (R2 =0.28).        Manuscript profile

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80 - The Relations of Anxiety, Self-Efficacy and Perfectionism to Dissertation Procrastination
Mohsen Sheykhi Jaleel Fathabadi Mahmood Heidari

the purpose of this study was to examine the role of anxiety, self-efficacy and perfectionism in predicting dissertation procrastination. One hundreds and ninety eight graduate student were selected by availability sampling. All participants were asked to complete the R More

the purpose of this study was to examine the role of anxiety, self-efficacy and perfectionism in predicting dissertation procrastination. One hundreds and ninety eight graduate student were selected by availability sampling. All participants were asked to complete the Revised Procrastination Inventory (Muszynski & Akamatsu, 1991), the Dissertation Appraisal Inventory (Varney, 2003), the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 1991), and Self- Reported Form of Dissertation&lrm; Anxiety&lrm; (Grifin,&lrm; 2002).&lrm; The&lrm; data&lrm; were&lrm; analyzed&lrm; using&lrm; Pearson’s&lrm; correlation&lrm; coefficient&lrm; and&lrm; stepwise&lrm; multiple regression. The results indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between dissertation anxiety and socially prescribed perfectionism, and dissertation procrastination. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between dissertation self-efficacy and self-oriented perfectionism, and dissertation procrastination. Multiple regressions analysis indicated that anxiety, self-efficacy and socially prescribed perfectionism contributed mostly in predicting dissertation procrastination. Based on the findings that anxiety of dissertation, self-efficacy and socially prescribed perfectionism have significant roles in dissertation procrastination, it is argued that universities should pay more attentions to the factors which may play significant roles in decreasing dissertation anxiety and decreasing socially prescribed perfectionism in order to promote dissertation self-efficacy. This is more likely to reduce dissertation procrastination amongst graduate students. Manuscript profile

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81 - Testing the Model of the Relationship Between Positive Perfectionism and Negative Life Events with Coping Styles and Psychological Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital
Azam Manoochehri Nasser Behroozi Manijeh Shehni Yeylag Gholamhosein Maktabi

he aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between positive perfectionism and negative life events with coping style and psychological well-being mediated by psychological capital in Shahid Chamran University students. 254 female students and 253 male stud More

he aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between positive perfectionism and negative life events with coping style and psychological well-being mediated by psychological capital in Shahid Chamran University students. 254 female students and 253 male students were selected using multi-stage random sampling method. Then Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Lorenz, Bee,Putz & Heinitz, 2016), Positive Perfectionism questionnaire (Terry-Short, owens, Slade & Dewey, 1995), Stress Scale (Holmes & Rahe, 1967), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (Endler & Parker, 1990) and Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 2002) were administered.The findings showed that positive perfectionism and negative life events predicted psychological capital. Psychological capital also predicted problem-focused coping, emotional-focused coping, and psychological well-being. These results highlighted the importance of psychological capital, positive perfectionism and negative life events in explaining psychological wellbeing and coping styles of students and also showed that have important implications as the necessary steps to promote the level of psychological well-being and the problem-focused coping in students Manuscript profile

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82 - The Relationship of Perfectionism Dimensions with Psychological Health: The Mediating Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty
Mohammad Sadeghi Monir Hosseini Reza Zamani Maryam Al-sadat Hosseini

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and university students’ depression, anxiety and stress. A number of 240 undergraduate and graduate students of Islamic A More

This study aimed to determine the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between positive and negative perfectionism and university students’ depression, anxiety and stress. A number of 240 undergraduate and graduate students of Islamic Azad University Kermanshah branch in 2019-20 academic year were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (PNPS; Terry-Short et al, 1995), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS; Lavibond & Lavibond, 1995) and Uncertainty Intolerance Scale (IUS; Freeston et al, 1994). The results showed that maladap- tive perfectionism had a significant positive correlation with depression, anxiety and stress, while adaptive perfectionism has a signifi- cant positive relationship only with stress and has no significant relationship with depression and anxiety. The results also showed that intolerance of uncertainty has a strong positive relationship with both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and depression, anxiety and stress. The results also indicated that the hypothesized model had a moderate fit with observed data and the mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty in the relationship between research variables was not confirmed. The findings of the present study showed that the transdiagnostic structures have a significant effect on mental health and increasing the severity these variables carries the risk of reducing the quality of university students’ mental health. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - The mediating role of happiness: the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety academic achievement in seminary students of Babol
mohammadhosein zivari azhar arsalan khanmohammadi aliasghar abasiasfajir babak hoseinzadeh

10.30495/hpsbjourna.2023.1990189.1179

AbstractThis study investigated the The mediating role of happiness: the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety academic achievement in seminary students of Babol. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the analysis and interpretation of the data. A total of More

AbstractThis study investigated the The mediating role of happiness: the relationship between perfectionism and anxiety academic achievement in seminary students of Babol. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the analysis and interpretation of the data. A total of seminary students (220 boys) were selected by convenience sampling. Perfectionism, Academic Achievement Anxiety, Academic Procrastination Scale(Solomon & Rohblum) and Happiness Questionnaires were used to collect data. Results showed that happiness had mediator role in relationship between perfectionism on academic achievement anxiety. So with decrease of perfectionism and increase of happiness can decrease academic achievement anxiety in seminary students and improve their academic achievement.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - Investigating the effect of the mediating role of psychological well-being on the relationship between mindfulness and acceptance with perfectionism in married people in Mashhad.
zahra nori azam noferesti

10.30495/hpsbjourna.2024.1982525.1159

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between mindfulness and acceptance with perfectionism in married people. The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The statistic More

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of psychological well-being in the relationship between mindfulness and acceptance with perfectionism in married people. The method of this research was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this research was all non-clinical married people living in Mashhad in 1401. Based on Cochran's formula, 400 people were considered as the sample number from among the target population. The sample individuals were selected by available sampling method. The tools used in this research are the Freiburg Mindfulness Questionnaire, the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire of the second edition of Bund, Hayes-Bayer Carpenter, Gino et al. . The data was analyzed with the statistical method of structural equations. The results showed that psychological well-being has a mediating role in the relationship between mindfulness and acceptance with perfectionism (p<0.5). Also, according to the collected information, the correlation coefficients between the studied variables in the correlation matrix show. Correlation matrix, at the significance level of 0.05, there is a significant and positive correlation between all variables (p<0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - Predicting academic achievement based on self-regulatory and self-motivation strategies of female high school students in Isfahan and mothers' perfectionism
Narjes Amanimovahed yousef gorji

regulating and self-motivation strategies of first year high school girl students and their mothers' perfectionism. Method of the study is descriptive-correlation and The statistical population was all the first high school students and their mothers in each Isfahan, th More

regulating and self-motivation strategies of first year high school girl students and their mothers' perfectionism. Method of the study is descriptive-correlation and The statistical population was all the first high school students and their mothers in each Isfahan, the number of students was 1846, and considering that the components of the questionnaires are 10 and for each component, 20 people are sufficient for the sample size; Therefore, the sample size is 200 people and they were selected by multi-stage cluster confirmation sampling method, and self-regulation strategies questionnaires by Miller and Brown (1999), Barkley's self-motivation questionnaire (2012) and Ahvaz Najarian et al.'s perfectionism questionnaire. (2007) completed APS Pearson’s coefficient of correlation and Stepwise Regression were used as Data analysis statistical methods The results showed that the contribution of self-regulation and self-motivation strategies in predicting academic progress was significant and 24% and 36%, respectively, were fixed on academic progress. However, the perfectionism of students' mothers could not predict the academic progress of female students. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - structural equations Modeling of parental perfectionism on academic performance mediated by identity styles in students
Shahrbanoo Dehrouyeh, Najmeh Tavakoli Naghmeh Tavakoli

The aim of this study was structural model of parental perfectionism and perceived psychological pressure with academic performance with the mediating role of identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical popu More

The aim of this study was structural model of parental perfectionism and perceived psychological pressure with academic performance with the mediating role of identity styles in students. Correlation research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all male students of ninth grade in Ghaemshahr city in the second semester of 2018-2019. A total of 330 people were selected as the sample size by available method. To collect data, Fam and Taylor's academic performance questionnaire (EPT), Tehran Multidimensional Perfectionism Inventory (TMPS), Berzonsky Identity Style Scale (ISI-6G) were used. Structural equations with SPSS18 and AMOS23 software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience, procrastination and identity style had a direct and significant effect on academic performance and also indirect effect of parental perfectionism, family communication patterns, perceived psychological pressure, resilience and procrastination mediated by identity style on academic performance were confirmed. The present study indicates the importance of cognitive factors such as perceived psychological pressure, identity style, resilience, parental perfectionism and procrastination and social factors such as family communication patterns in explaining academic performance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - The mediating role of interpersonal problems in the relationship between perfectionism and depression
majid Zargham Hajebi Tahereh Jolaniyan Elham Manteghiyan

Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide; hence identify affecting factors such as perfectionism and interpersonal problems, is important. The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of interpersonal problems in the More

Major Depressive Disorder is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide; hence identify affecting factors such as perfectionism and interpersonal problems, is important. The purpose of this study was to explain the mediating role of interpersonal problems in the relationship between negative and positive perfectionism and depression. The study design was descriptive correlational type and the statistic population included of all students of Alborz province in the second semester of 2015-2016. The sample consisted of 220 subjects who were selected through multistage sampling from two Islamic Azad University of Karaj and Alborz PNU. The study tools were positive and negative perfectionism by Terry- short, Owens, salde & Dewey (1995), interpersonal difficulties-47 by Pilkonis and colleagues (1996) and Beck Depression Inventory (1961). Structural equation modeling technic was used to analyze the data. Results showed that research structural model base on gathered data fit well and interpersonal problems is a mediator in the relationship between perfectionism and depression. Negative perfectionism through interpersonal problems such as interpersonal sensitivity, interpersonal ambivalence, aggression, social approval and lack of socialization, decreases social support and increases depression. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Psychometric Properties of Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory among Nurses in Tehran city
Roghayeh Norei pour lieavali Siemin Hoseyniyan Mojtaba Habibi Alireza Salimi niya Mahdi Dehestani Masoud Hejazi

  Research on perfectionism has evolved from initial presentation of unidimen- sional construct to development of several independent multidimensional conceptualizations of perfectionism, this itself has developed numerous measu- ring tools to measure key and esse More

  Research on perfectionism has evolved from initial presentation of unidimen- sional construct to development of several independent multidimensional conceptualizations of perfectionism, this itself has developed numerous measu- ring tools to measure key and essential characteristic features of perfectionism; therefore this research was aimed to investigate psychometric properties of Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory-English version (Stoebe &  Kobori,2010). This was descriptive survey research and practical in term of purpose. The population of all the public hospitals in Tehran that sample of 190 nurses at Tehran’s hospitals was selected by using cluster random sampling from Milad Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Sadr Hospital, Kashani Hospital and Shahid Modarres Hospital completed inventory in 2015. Results: Findings revealed that Cronbach’s alpha is acceptable (α=0.79), factor analytic by using LISREL have extracted 3subscales from 15 items of inventory.Conclusion: Based on these findings, Multidimensional Perfectionism Cogni- tions Inventory has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used in Iranian population specially nurses. Further studies are recommended with a larger sample. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - The study of relationship between hardness and perfectionism with academic achievement of students
Shamsi Javan Hoshyar shole livarhani

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hardness and perfectionism with academic achievement of students of Fatemeh Alzahra campus in Tabriz in the academic year of 2016-2017. The research method is descriptive - correlation method and it is More

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hardness and perfectionism with academic achievement of students of Fatemeh Alzahra campus in Tabriz in the academic year of 2016-2017. The research method is descriptive - correlation method and it is considered as an applied purpose. The statistical population of this study is the total number of students of Fatemeh Al-Zahra campus of Farhangian university of Tabriz in 500 people. Based on Morgan's table, the sample size is 217 and is selected using simple random sampling. The data gathering tool in this study was two cobasa hardness questionnaires, which has 50 questions with three dimensions of commitment, control and struggle. Perfectionism of Identity and Felt is 30 questions in the Likert spectrum and in terms of academic achievement; the students' graduation grade is used. validity was used to measure the validity of the research tool. For reliability of the instruments, a questionnaire was administered to thirty members of the community who were randomly selected. Using Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of the hardiness variable was 78% and perfectionism was %87 Was calculated. Pearson correlation results showed that between hardiness, commitment،control and Challenge with academic achievement. There is a significant positive relationship. Also, there is a significant negative and negative relationship between perfectionism and academic achievement .The results of multivariate regression showed that hardiness and perfection Orientation explains %41 of students' academic achievement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - Happiness relationship with perfectionism and defensive styles among employees of Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch
kobra mohammadi mirzaie masoumeh behboodi

The aim of the study was the relationship of the happiness with perfectionism and defense styles among staff of Islamic Azad university Roodhen Branch. The research method is correlation of applied type. The population is all the staff at the Islamic Azad University in More

The aim of the study was the relationship of the happiness with perfectionism and defense styles among staff of Islamic Azad university Roodhen Branch. The research method is correlation of applied type. The population is all the staff at the Islamic Azad University in 1395 that their number is 400 persons. A sample of 240 people were chosen with respect to men and women. Together the data were used 1) happiness questionnaire Oxford(OHI) 2) perfectionism (Hewitt and flett )  3) defense style questionnaire (DSQ – 40). The descriptive statistics to characterize the sample in the form of centeral tendency and dispersion indices manndmyangyn، median، mode ، variance ، standard deviation and frequency distribution tables were used. In multivariate regression was used inferential statistics. To findings show that there is a relationship positive and meaningful between wellbeing and mature defense styles and the happiness with perfectionism and happiness with defense styles in this research relationship was not statistically significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - The Mediating Role of Adaptive and Maladaptive Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Perfectionism and Symptoms of Binge Eating Disorder in Female College Students
mina soltani batol salehi malek bastami katuli

Eating disorders are among the most harmful psychiatric disorders, associated with important medical and psychological illnesses that cause significant personal, family, and social costs. The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of adaptive and m More

Eating disorders are among the most harmful psychiatric disorders, associated with important medical and psychological illnesses that cause significant personal, family, and social costs. The aim of the present study was to determine the mediating role of adaptive and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on perfectionism and symptoms of binge eating disorder in female college students. In this respect, a descriptive-correlational study was performed and 214 female college students in Isfahan city were selected through the convenience sampling method and investigated in terms of perfectionism, cognitive emotion regulation, and binge eating. The results of the path analysis indicated that the research model was appropriate. It was also shown that the direct path of the perfectionism variable was not significant to the variable of binge eating disorder symptoms (β = 0.016, T = 0.218), but this variable was able to affect the symptoms of binge eating disorder through the mediating variable of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation (β = 0.166, P = 0.001). Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested to consider the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between perfectionism and symptoms of binge eating disorder and therapists need to incorporate this component in their therapeutic application. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and Perfectionism: A brief review
Mohammad Ali Besharat seyedeh asma hosseini HosseinAli Jahed

The obsessive-compulsive personality disorder described for the first time by Freud almost 100 years ago, characterized as the most common personality disorder among the general population. The disorder is associated with at least average destruction of psychosocial fun More

The obsessive-compulsive personality disorder described for the first time by Freud almost 100 years ago, characterized as the most common personality disorder among the general population. The disorder is associated with at least average destruction of psychosocial function and a decline in quality of life, and imposes significant economic burdens. The obsessive personality disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychiatric Disorders has been defined as a general pattern of excessive concern with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, loss of personal flexibility, openness and efficacy, starting in the early stages of adulthood, and it seen in various domains. Perfectionism as an important feature of obsessive disorder is a tendency to regulate unrealistic high standards and highly critical self-assessments. In The present‌ study, the perfectionism as one of the main characteristics of obsessive personality disorder has been investigated. The results of studies support the point that focusing on treatment of perfectionism can lead to better therapeutic responses in the problems which including doubts about works and worries about mistakes. Understanding other intervening variables will help the results of clinical trials and research. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - Predicting Alexithymia based on Early Maladaptive Schemas and Perfectionism Mediating the Role of Cognitive Flexibility in Patients with Chronic Pain
Lily Vakilian MORTEZA TARKHAN Javad Khalatbari

Chronic Pain is a weakening condition which not only exposes the person suffering to stress due to pain, but also encounters him or her with continuous tension and influences various aspects of his or her life and disturb it. The aim of the study, was prediction of Alex More

Chronic Pain is a weakening condition which not only exposes the person suffering to stress due to pain, but also encounters him or her with continuous tension and influences various aspects of his or her life and disturb it. The aim of the study, was prediction of Alexithymia based on early Maladaptive Schemas and Perfectionism with the Mediating role of Cognitive Flexibility in people with Chronic Pain. For this purpose, from the patients with Chronic Patients who have referred to Tehran hospitals, 300 people were chosen be convenience sampling and assessed regarding Alexithymia, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Perfectionism, and cognitive flexibility. Results of route analysis showed Cognitive Flexibility with the rate of 0.23 has negative effect on Alexithymia (p < 0.05). Among the areas of early Maladaptive Schemas, only the area of disrupted limitations in explanation of Alexithymia variance has 0.13 positive effect (p < 0.01). Another finding of the study showed that Maladaptive Perfectionism has the rate of -0.279 effect in explanation variance of Alexithymia (p < 0.01); and Adaptive Perfectionism in explanation of Cognitive Flexibility variance, has effect with the rate of 0.139 (P < 0.05). Ultimately, indirect effect of Adaptive Perfectionism with the effect rate of -0.035 on Alexithymia through Cognitive Flexibility is meaningful (P < 0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - Effectiveness of group counseling using mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on self-compassion and family resilience
محمود فتاحی Asadollah Vaisi Omid Moradi

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test w More

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a follow-up period of 5 months. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. From the list of the statistical population (24) people were selected using random numbers and were placed in two experimental groups of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, the control group. The educational intervention was conducted using Crane's educational package (2011) in 8- 2-hour sessions for the experimental group. The method of data analysis was multivariate analysis of covariance (ANOVA). The software (SPSS 22) was used for data analysis. Self-compassion, Neff (2003) and Sixby (2005) family resilience questionnaires were used as tools. The results showed that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in the form of group counseling increases self-compassion and family resilience. Mothers of educated children have an effect and this effect was stable in the 5-month follow-up phase. According to the findings of this research, it is possible to use the cognitive therapy group counseling method based on mindfulness to increase self-compassion and family resilience. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - Determining the Relationship between Sexual Schemas and Body Image with the Mediation of Perfectionism and Dysfunctional Beliefs in People with Body Deformities in Beauty Clinics
Roghaye Eslam nia Javad Khalatbari Shohreh Ghorbanshiroodi

Abstract Introduction: People with body deformity disorder suffer from anxiety in different areas of their life due to their perceived defects and they are often attacked by disturbing or unwanted images and thoughts about their physical appearance, and as a result, th More

Abstract Introduction: People with body deformity disorder suffer from anxiety in different areas of their life due to their perceived defects and they are often attacked by disturbing or unwanted images and thoughts about their physical appearance, and as a result, their quality of life and daily functioning decreases, so the research The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sexual schemas and body image through the mediation of perfectionism and dysfunctional beliefs in people with body deformities in the beauty clinics of Mazandaran province. Research Method: The current research method is correlational and structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the research was made up of people who referred to the beauty clinics of Mazandaran province (the cities of Amol, Babol, Sari and Qaimshahr). Based on Klein's opinion, the sample size was 330 people selected in a purposeful and random way. The data collection tool was Anderson and Siranoski's (1994) gender schema questionnaire, Ten Sooto and Garcia's (2002) body image satisfaction questionnaire, Trishort et al.'s (1995) perfectionism questionnaire, and Wiseman and Beck's (1982) dysfunctional beliefs scale. In this research, SPSS22 and Amose23 software were used to analyze the information obtained from structural regression equation modeling. Findings: The results of the research showed that the lower limit is 0.46 and the upper limit is 0.65 between the two variables of perfectionism and ineffective beliefs as mediating variables between gender schema and body image. The confidence level for this confidence interval is 95. Considering that zero is outside this confidence interval, this relationship is a significant mediator. Conclusion: considering that the extent to which people pay attention to their appearance largely depends on the schemas related to appearance. These body patterns are used as a cognitive format to evaluate a person's appearance and body image emotions - the body image is the shape that a person has of his body in his mind. When contextual trigger events occur, body image thoughts and emotions trigger adaptive and self-directed activities or coping strategies. Disturbance in these emotional, behavioral and cognitive elements of body image is the core of the pathology of anorexia nervosa, anorexia nervosa and body image disorder. Manuscript profile

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