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Open Access Article
1 - Three-Body force effects on breakup and formation of 6Li nuclei
Hossein Sadeghi Shahla Nahidinezhad -
Open Access Article
2 - Analytical study of radionuclide concentration and radon exhalation rate in market available building materials of Ramsar
Elham Bavarnegin Masoud Vahabi-moghaddam Asad Babakhani Nasrin Fathabadi -
Open Access Article
3 - Analysis of Permeability Indices in Urban Fabric
Bahram AminzadehGoharrizi Siamak BadrPermeability is one of the basic concepts of contemporary theories ofurban planning and design which as a qualitative index (in some aspects) has taken a great attention in decisions of urban planners. However a more connected (Permeable) road system provides a great nu MorePermeability is one of the basic concepts of contemporary theories ofurban planning and design which as a qualitative index (in some aspects) has taken a great attention in decisions of urban planners. However a more connected (Permeable) road system provides a great number of route options and provides more direct routes but it is arguable that permeability is not always a good quality of urban fabric. A great number of samples can be found in historic cities of Iran that for defensive purpose or for cultural/religious reasons, permeability is intentionally decreased as shown in samples of article from Old Semnan City. In Iranian cities also assessing this measurement (permeability) has a great role in defining decays in urban spaces and an index is used for it. Reviewing literature on the nature of this concept (not only in urban planning and design field but in general) shows that what has been used in defining permeability is not pervasive. As a response to this deficient definition and index for measuring permeability, this article has reviewed and represented some other measurements (including Intersection density, Street Density, Connected Node Ratio, Link Node Ratio, Gamma Index and Alpha Index) that has been used around world as response to pedestrian safety, decreasing emergency services time, etc. Finally application of them in a sample urban fabric is showed. Many of these indices are based on the simulating urban street pattern to a planar graph and so some principles of graph theory (Like Euler Theory) is applied in order to define the best and worst samples. But looking at urban fabrics shows some differences in these two, so based on these differences Gamma (Ratio of the number of links in the network to the maximum possible number of links between nodes) and Alpha (Ratio of the number of actual circuits to the maximum number of circuits) Indices are reviewed and a new form of them is proposed. Finally for measuring permeability, a combination of three indices of Distance of parcel to the first entrance of district, adjusted gamma and alpha indices and Distance to first intersection is proposed. For applying this method to a sample urban fabric, the number of calculation for each parcel will decrease enormously. So a procedure for programming (automation) in GIS is proposed which makes this method in some aspects dynamic. Data and Informationfor applying in this procedure can be collected from roads network layer of each city and parcels in land use maps. Based on this, decision makers can modify both indices and proposed alternatives by considering the outcomes of the process. For the purpose of testing this procedure a sample of Tehran city which is located in southern part of it and as a historical area suffer from permeability problem, is selected and each index is assessed in it and then using the method proposed in this article an intervention process is proposed in the area and finally it is reassessed which shows whether the intervention is efficient or not. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Comparative evaluation of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles of casein/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) containing different concentrations of alpha-tocopherol
Ali Sadeghi Hassan Hamedi Peyman Mahasti Shotorbani Maryam Fahimdanesh -
Open Access Article
5 - Characterization of polynomially bounded α-resolvent families
Mina Shahali Seyedeh Marzieh GhavidelAbstract.The theory of α- resolvent families was developed as a generalization of the classical theory of strongly continuous semigroups and cosine operator families, to study the fractional evolution equations with Caputo derivative of order α. An important MoreAbstract.The theory of α- resolvent families was developed as a generalization of the classical theory of strongly continuous semigroups and cosine operator families, to study the fractional evolution equations with Caputo derivative of order α. An important problem in semigroup theory and also for cosine operator families is to discuss different type of boundedness (in terms of their generator) for these families. In this paper, we study polynomially bounded α- resolvent families. We impose conditions on the resolvent of a closed and densely defined linear operator to be the generator of an α-resolvent family. We also show that these conditions are necessary in the case of Hilbert spaces. This generalizes the result by T. Eisner on polynomially bounded semigroups. Moreover, since α- resolvent families describe the solutions to fractional evolution equations, with this generation result, we discuss the existence and stability of solutions to these problems at the same time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Nil skew α-Armendariz amalgamated rings
Negin Farshad Shaaban Ali Safarisabet Ahmad MoussaviLet f :A→B be a ring homomorphism and K an ideal of B. In this paper we determine the endomorphism α of the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K of A and B along K with respect to f. Then we investigate some annihilation properties, such as nil skew α-Armen MoreLet f :A→B be a ring homomorphism and K an ideal of B. In this paper we determine the endomorphism α of the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K of A and B along K with respect to f. Then we investigate some annihilation properties, such as nil skew α-Armendariz, and weak skew α-Armendariz, of the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K. We show the relations among A , f(A)+K and the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K, in terms of their nil skew Armendariz and weak skew Armendariz properties. Also we investigate 2-primal property of the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K. Among other results, we show that, if A is a 2-primal α_1-compatible ring and f(A) +K is a 2-primal α_2-compatible ring, then the amalgamation ring A⋈^f K is a nil skew α-Armendariz ring, where α_1 and α_2 are endomorphisms of A and f(A)+K, respectively, and α is the endomorphism on A⋈^f K induced by α_1 and α_2. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Existence of fixed points for generalized α-admissible Geraghty and application to solution of nonlinear differential equations
Babak Mohammadi Vahid Parvaneh Farhan GolkarmaneshRecently, samet et al. introduced an interesting extension of the Banach contraction principle. In this paper, motivated by the main idea of Samet et al., we introduce the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings in metric spaces and give and p MoreRecently, samet et al. introduced an interesting extension of the Banach contraction principle. In this paper, motivated by the main idea of Samet et al., we introduce the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings in metric spaces and give and prove several theorems of the existence and uniqueness of a fixed point in complete metric spaces for such mappings. The results obtained in this study, generalize many of the results in this field, especially, the results presented by Jleli et al. and the work done by Geraghty. By presenting an example, we show that our results are real generalization of the previous results. Next, we get new results in ordered metric spaces and graphical metric spaces using the concept of α-admissible α-θ-generalized mappings. Finally, we present an application of our obtained results for the existence and uniqueness of the solution of nonlinear first-order ordinal differential equations and periodic boundary value problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Portfolio Optimization in Capital Market Bubble Condition
Abdollah Daryabor frydoon Rahnama Roodposhti Hashem Nikoomaram Farhad GhaffariFinancial markets, especially capital markets, are considered the main tools for equipping and allocating financial resources. With regard to the strategic, financial and economic importance of such markets, whenever a widespread disruption or deviation occurs, it becom MoreFinancial markets, especially capital markets, are considered the main tools for equipping and allocating financial resources. With regard to the strategic, financial and economic importance of such markets, whenever a widespread disruption or deviation occurs, it becomes extremely difficult to equip and allocate a country’s financial resources. One of the contributing factors is price bubble. In fact, the essence of price bubbles lies in the reactions to price hikes. Thus, the increase in prices leads to greater investor appetite, higher demand and ultimately another price hike.In such occasions, the investment managers plan to optimize their stock portfolios. In other words, they intend to bring about maximum return for customers and shareholders in exchange for a certain level of risk. This study attempted to examine several variables such as stock price, stock monthly return, overall market return, variance, standard deviation, var and Downside Risk to a new model within the bubble space at Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) for period (2000-2015). At first, the effects of bubble were proven and the junctures were identified for 7 periods. Then, the variables were analyzed to achieve an optimization model, adopting an approach similar to Sharpe’s, where the extracted optimum portfolio brought about a far more desirable position for the investors than other portfolios under non-bubble conditions involving return, Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen. The main hypothesis was proven and a new model was proposed to achieve the ideal results through analyzing the model within an ascending bubble space as well as a descending bubble space, which were then compared against a non-bubble space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Review and Assessment of Capital Assets Pricing Models and Compare Them with the 5-Factor Model of Fama and French “Using Economic Variables Exchange; Rates, Inflation, Import and Liquidity”
Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar Hossein Badiee Maysam MohebiThe present research tries to assess and compare the Capital Asset Pricing Models in stock exchange of Tehran. Financial data of 108 companies in stock market (2009-2014) are processed. The important issue is to use suitable patterns and models for evaluating and price MoreThe present research tries to assess and compare the Capital Asset Pricing Models in stock exchange of Tehran. Financial data of 108 companies in stock market (2009-2014) are processed. The important issue is to use suitable patterns and models for evaluating and price setting in stock market. These models must have the ability to predict the behavior of the prices and also can estimate the outcome and efficiency of the so-called investment. The models investigated in this research, include the traditional investment financial pricing, 3-factor model and FAMA and French 5-factor and consumption investment models. In order to analyze the data and to test the hypothesis, we used OLS model for time series models. In this study, models are investigated according to the models of significance lateral distance from the source (Jensen's Alpha). A model, of which efficiency is high, should have a zero intercept. Generally, FAMA and French 5-factor models that were developed in 2014, work more efficiently. Then comes the Capital Asset Pricing Model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Entrepreneurship Development Policies in Iran; A critical Review of the Strategic Document and A Comparison to Alphabet Model of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
nahid jamali Soudabeh Vatankhah mohammadreza maleki Sayed Mohammad Hassan Emami -
Open Access Article
11 - Performance Evaluation of Closed Ended Mutual Funds in Pakistan
M. Bilawal M. Dilawar Khan R. Yasir Hussain U. Akmal -
Open Access Article
12 - The study of alpha-tocopherol cytotoxicity on canine mammary gland cancer cells (CF41.Mg) invitro
ریحانه سفیدابی، پژمان مرتضوی .Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in female dogs. Created mutations in genes associated with cancer and oxidative modification of proteins and reactive aldehydes are key events that can increase cancer risk. The role of antioxidants in prevention and trea MoreBreast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in female dogs. Created mutations in genes associated with cancer and oxidative modification of proteins and reactive aldehydes are key events that can increase cancer risk. The role of antioxidants in prevention and treatment of cancers have been reported by several studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate invitro, the antiproliferative effect of alpha-tocopherol against canine mammary gland carcinoma cell line (CF41.Mg). CF41.Mg cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium. The cells were treated with different concentration of alpha-tocopherol for 24, 48 and 72 h. Antiproliferative effect of alpha-tocopherol was investigated using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-tetrazolium bromide) assay. The results indicated that alpha-tocopherol inhibited proliferation of canine mammary gland carcinoma cells so that treatment with 100 microM alpha-tocopherol for 72 h resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability. The alpha-tocopherol showed less effect after 48 h. The results of this study confirm the inhibitory effect of alpha-tocopherol on canine breast cancer cells (CF41.Mg). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Partitioning Studies of Alpha-amylase in Aqueous Two Phase System Composing of Polyethylene Glycol and Tri-Sodium Citrate
مریم Karimi N. Hadidi Gh. Pazuki Sh. AbdolrahimiIntroduction: One of the scenario for separation of biotechnology products is the application of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) rather than traditional extraction by using solvent. The ATPSs are applicable method for separation and purification of biomolecules mixture MoreIntroduction: One of the scenario for separation of biotechnology products is the application of aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) rather than traditional extraction by using solvent. The ATPSs are applicable method for separation and purification of biomolecules mixture. The ATPS can be applied for protein purification of biomolecules from suspension broth. The goal of the present research is the study of partitioning of -amylase in polymer-salt aqueous two-phase system composed of polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 1000 and tri-sodium citrate salt as a biocompatible salt. Materials and Methods: The aim of this research is to study partitioning of α-amylase enzyme in an aqueous two phase system. The system consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with molecular weight of 1000 and tri-sodium citrate that is a biocompatible salt. Results: The results for partitioning of enzyme in ATPS has been modeled and statistically analyzed; and indicated that the partition coefficient of -amylase in the system has the maximum amount of 2.681. Conclusion: In this research it has been proved that ATPS components concentration has an effect on the enzyme partition coefficient. Using experimental results, -amylase has a great tendency to be placed in the PEG rich phase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Coincidence and Common Fixed Point Results for $\alpha$-$(\psi,\varphi)$-Contractive Mappings in Metric Spaces
J. Esmaily S. M. Vaezpour R. Saadati -
Open Access Article
15 - قضایای نقطه ثابت n-تایی به کنمک آلفا سری در فضاهای متریک ^*C-جبر مقدار با کاربردی در معادلات انتگرال
سمیرا هادی بناب وحید پروانه حسن حسین زاده حسن آیدی سید جلالدین حسینی غنچههدف این مقاله ارائه برخی قضایای نقطه ثابت و نقطه انطباق چندگانه در فضاهای متریک C^*-جبر مقدار با استفاده از مفهوم آلفا سری برای دنباله ای از نگاشت ها می باشد. در پایان مقاله، یک مثال و یک کاربرد برای نشان دادن کارایی و درستی نتایج اصلی ارائه می دهیم.هدف این مقاله ارائه برخی قضایای نقطه ثابت و نقطه انطباق چندگانه در فضاهای متریک C^*-جبر مقدار با استفاده از مفهوم آلفا سری برای دنباله ای از نگاشت ها می باشد. در پایان مقاله، یک مثال و یک کاربرد برای نشان دادن کارایی و درستی نتایج اصلی ارائه می دهیم. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - تعیین اوزان قطعی نرمال شده از ماتریسهای مقایسات فازی با استفاده از مدل برنامه-ریزی آرمانی لگاریتمی دو مرحلهای بهبودیافته
امیر محمدقاسمی عبدالله هادی ونچهفرآیند تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP) یکی از مشهورترین تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چند معیاره است که با استفاده از آن اوزان معیارها و مقادیر ارزیابی گزینه­ها بر پایه مقایسات زوجی فازی ایجاد می­گردند. رویکردهای زیادی جهت تعیین اوزان از ماتریس­های مقایسات Moreفرآیند تجزیه و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP) یکی از مشهورترین تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چند معیاره است که با استفاده از آن اوزان معیارها و مقادیر ارزیابی گزینه­ها بر پایه مقایسات زوجی فازی ایجاد می­گردند. رویکردهای زیادی جهت تعیین اوزان از ماتریس­های مقایسات زوجی وجود دارند. برخی از این روش­ها اوزان بازه­ای را در آلفا برش­ها محاسبه کرده­اند. با این وجود، در برخی تکنیک­های تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره (نظیر روش ترجیح بر اساس مشابهت به راه حل ایده­آل (TOPSIS)، راه حل توافقی و بهینه سازی چند معیاره (VIKOR) و FAHP) لازم است تا اوزان قطعی نرمال شده محاسبه شود. در مقاله حاضر، نویسندگان شاخصی را توسعه دادند که با استفاده از آن اوزان بازه­ای بدست آمده در آلفا برش­ها به وزن قطعی تلفیق می­شود. در انتها، چندین مثال توضیحی در ادبیات جهت نشان دادن اعتبار شاخص پیشنهادی در نظر گرفته شده و پس از آن، نتایج بدست آمده با اوزان استخراج شده توسط برنامه­ریزی ترجیحی فازی (FPP) مقایسه می­شوند. نتایج بدست آمده نشان می­دهند که تکنیک پیشنهادی جهت بدست آوری اوزان قطعی روشی مناسب است و اولویت­های رتبه بندی مشابهی را با سایر روش­ها دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Artistic, Literal and Religious Application of Disconnected Letters in Mystic Poets Works
Gholam Reza HeidariPoets and authors create awesome concepts and themes by considering the manner and features of Persian alphabet and on the other hand by emphasizing the religious, spiritual and social values of disconnected letters who have many commonalities with each other in order t MorePoets and authors create awesome concepts and themes by considering the manner and features of Persian alphabet and on the other hand by emphasizing the religious, spiritual and social values of disconnected letters who have many commonalities with each other in order to make poetic phrases and interpretations. According to the importance and position of the letters – disconnected or Persian alphabet – the present paper attempts to represent poetic and prose documents from structures and common applications in order to manifest these letters' position in Persian literary concepts and interpretations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Application of Acidic Ionic Liquid as a Solvent/Catalyst for Preparation of α-Oximinoketones from β-Dicarbonyl Compounds
Ashraf S. Shahvelayati Khadijeh Yadollahzadeh Fatemeh Sameni -
Open Access Article
19 - P-Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA), a Brønsted acidSurfactant Catalyst for Synthesis of α, ά-bis(substituted benzylidene)cycloalkanones with Electron-Withdrawing Substituent in Aqueous Media
Enayatollah Sheikhhosseini Sayed Ali Ahmadi Saleh Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
20 - A Comparison between Resting Levels of Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, and Some Portions in the Immune System of Athletes and Non-Athletes with Spinal Cord Injury
Reza Shafiee soork Mohammad MashahdiThe purpose of the present study is to compare resting levels of Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, and some portions in the immune system of athletes and non-athletes with spinal cord injury. Convenience sampling was used in this study and accordingly 10 non-a MoreThe purpose of the present study is to compare resting levels of Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha, and some portions in the immune system of athletes and non-athletes with spinal cord injury. Convenience sampling was used in this study and accordingly 10 non-athletes and 10 athletes from different fields were chosen. For testing the immune system, the number of white blood cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils), and for testing inflammatory indexes, resting levels of Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in the blood serum sample were measured. For measurement of blood parameters, ELSA method and the special kit were used. Descriptive statistics was used for data explanation/description and inferential statistics was used to explore the research results. Independent t-test was applied for the comparison between the research variables related to two athletic and non-athletic groups. The results revealed that there is no significant difference between athletes and non-athletes in Interleukin-6 (p=0.859), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (p=0.539), and the number of white blood cells (p=0.942). It seems that exercising is not considered as a threat for the immune system of those who have spinal cord injury although more research is needed to explore the effect of sport on the immune system of such patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Impact of Individual Sentiment Beta on Stock Return of Companies Listed on Tehran Stock Exchange
amir hossein sharifmehr karim Azarbaijani Arezoo Aghaei chadeganiIndividual stock sentiment is one of the non-fundamental factors that affect the financial markets which is influenced by various factors. Individual stock sentiment beta is a new concept and is defined as the sensitivity of individual stock returns to the individual st MoreIndividual stock sentiment is one of the non-fundamental factors that affect the financial markets which is influenced by various factors. Individual stock sentiment beta is a new concept and is defined as the sensitivity of individual stock returns to the individual stock sentiment changes. Due to the fact that Tehran stock exchange operate at a weak level of effiecency; this research purpuses to investigate the impact of individual sentiment beta on stock excess return and capital asset pricing model (CAPM) alpha in Tehran stock exchange. In this regard research data for top 50 companies of Tehran stock exchange at period from October 2019 to February 2021 which include biggest rise and fall in history of Tehran stock exchange was extracted through Rahavad Novin Software. Then excess return of 50 stock at research period time was calculated by Ami broker software, and finally all of data was analyzed by Eviews software.Finally the results showed that stocks with higher individual sentiment beta have higher excess return and CAPM alpha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Chemical composition essential oil obtained from Fruit and stem of Drema ammoniacum D. Don. By spectroscopic manner GC and GC-MS
Jafar Izadi Nia Aeyed Javad Hosseini farhad salmani محمدامین نوعی آقاییAbstract In this research, the essential oil of Fruit and stem Drema ammoniacum was obtained whit hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. 90.06% of essential oil obtained from Fru MoreAbstract In this research, the essential oil of Fruit and stem Drema ammoniacum was obtained whit hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. 90.06% of essential oil obtained from Fruit were recognized. Limonene (%5.81) ، Alpha-fenchyl acetate (%6.16) ، Alpha-amorphene (%9.57) ، Alpha-Pinene (%10.60) and 4-Carene (%38.84) were the main component in the Fruit essential oil. 77.83% of essential oil obtained from stem were recognized. Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol (%5.86) ، Alpha-terpinolene (%6.50) ، Sabinene (%7.19) ، Beta-myrcene (%2.30) ، Beta-phellandrene (%13.28) ، and Dillapiole (%18.04) were the main component in the Fruit essential oil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from leaf and flower of Ferula persica Willd.var. Persica By using spectroscopic manner GC and GC-MS
Jafar Izadi NiaAbstract: In this investigation the essential oil from leaf and flower of Ferula persica wild garmsar province semnan obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. In the esse MoreAbstract: In this investigation the essential oil from leaf and flower of Ferula persica wild garmsar province semnan obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. In the essential oil of leaf 31(%94.4 of total essential oil) compound recognized that %72.3 were monoterpene And %17.3 were Sesquiterpene. a-pinene(%19.7), ß-pinene(%8.3), Menthol(%8.3) and Myrcene(%6.8) were the main component in the essential oil obtained from leaf oil of plant. In the essential oil of flower of plant 12 (%90.2 of total essential oil) compound recognized that %58.8 were monoterpene And %31.4 were Sesquiterpene. a-pinene(%22.6), Bicyclogermacrene(%17), ß-phellandrene(%16.8), Spathulenol(%8.4) and Myrcene(%7.5) were the main component in the essential oil obtained from flower of plant. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect Of Aquatic Extract Of Nigella sativa Seed on Degeneration Of Alpha Motoneurons in Spinal Cord after Sciatic Nerve Compression in Rats
Mojghan Jalali Maryam Tehranipour Naser Mahdavi ShahriInroduction and Objective: Peripheral nervous system damages reverse as retrograde to alpha neuron cell bodies and cause spinal degeneration . It is probable that Nigella sativa from Ranunculaceae family can prevent the injury progress because of antioxidant effect. The MoreInroduction and Objective: Peripheral nervous system damages reverse as retrograde to alpha neuron cell bodies and cause spinal degeneration . It is probable that Nigella sativa from Ranunculaceae family can prevent the injury progress because of antioxidant effect. The aim of this study is Nuroprotective effect of Nigella sativa aquatic extract on alpha motoneurons degeneration after Sciatic nerve injury in rats.Materials and Methods: In this study, 24 wistar rats with average body weight of 250 to 300 gr were divided randomly to four groups. Animals were divided each consisting eight members; A: control, B: compression, C: compression + treatment with 75 mg/kg aquaticextract, D: compression + treatment with 50 mg/kg aquatic extract. In compression group, the right leg Sciatic nerve get through compression (60sec), in treated groups, in addition to compression extract was injected (2time, every week, I.P). After for weeks of post – operations in which lumbar segments of spinal cord L2-L4 were sampled, processed, and serially sectional and stained with toluidine blue, the number of alpha motoneurons was counted using dissector method. Data was analyzed with using Minitab-14 software, ANOVA an d T- tests.Results: Neuronal density was (65032) and180324) in compression and control groups respectively (P66) in comparing compression group (PConclusion:This study showed that aquatic extract of Nigella sativa leaves increases the density of alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in Rats. The increase in neuronal density is relevant to the amount of extract used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Comparison Effect Of Alcoholic and Aqueous Extracts Of Nigella sativa Seed on Regeneration Of Alpha Motoneurons in Spinal Cord after Sciatic Nerve Compression in Rats
Maryam Tehrani pour Mojgan Jalali Naser Mahdavi ShahriInroduction and Objective: Following nerve compression accumulation free radicals caused cell death. Nigella sativa belong to Ranunculaceae family has various pharmacological effects such as, anti oxidant, anti inflammatory, anti tumor and anti apoptosis effects. This s MoreInroduction and Objective: Following nerve compression accumulation free radicals caused cell death. Nigella sativa belong to Ranunculaceae family has various pharmacological effects such as, anti oxidant, anti inflammatory, anti tumor and anti apoptosis effects. This study was investigiated the neuroprotective Comparison affectsNigella sativa seed aquatic and alcolic extracts on sciatic degeneration in rats.Material and Methods: 36 wistar male rats with average body weight of 300 to 350 gr were divided randomly to six groups (N=6), control, compression, A,B: compression + treatment with 75,50 mg/kg extract, C,D: compression + treatment with 75, 50 mg/kg aquatic. In compression group, the sciatic nerve of right leg was compressed (60sec), in treated groups. In addition to compression extract was injected (2time, every week, I.P). Four weeks of post – operations in which lumbar segments of spinal cord L2-L4 were sampled, processed, serially sectioned and stained with toluidine blue. The number of alpha motoneurons was counted using dissector method. Data were analyzed with using Minitab-14 software, ANOVA an d T- tests.Results: According to result, the neuronal density show a significant decrease in the group compression compared with control and treatments group (PConclusion: Treatment with alcoholic extract in compare with aqueous extract has more noropotective effect and cause increases the density of alpha motoneurons in spinal cord after sciatic nerve compression in Rats Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - بررسی تغییرات بیان ژنهای IL-1β،IL-6 ، BCL2، TNF-αدر موشهای صحرایی نر مبتلا به سنگ کلیه تحت تیمار عصاره آبی گل کاسنی(Cichorium intybus L.)
مهدیه الزمان امامیان مریم تهرانی پور غلام محسن واعظی خدیجه نژاد شاهرخ آبادی عبدالحسین شیروی -
Open Access Article
27 - اثرات عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه آنغوزه(Ferula assafoetida) در جیره غذایی بر بیان ژنهای مرتبط با ایمنی(TNF-alpha و IL1B) درماهی گورخری(Daniorerio)
رقیه صفری فاطمه واحدی امیری علی شعبانی سید حسین حسینی فر حامد کلنگی میانده -
Open Access Article
28 - Time variations of species diversity of wheat field aphids in Saman city, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran
Fatemeh Momeni Shahraki kambiz minaei Abbas Mohammadi-KhoramabadiThis research investigated the time variation of aphid species diversity in wheat field of Saman, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during 2017. Sampling was conducted from a 3 hectare wheat farm in Saman, twice a month, in each time 100 plants were randomly taken. Alp MoreThis research investigated the time variation of aphid species diversity in wheat field of Saman, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during 2017. Sampling was conducted from a 3 hectare wheat farm in Saman, twice a month, in each time 100 plants were randomly taken. Alpha species diversity indexes including Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, McIntosh and Pielou, Simpson, and Macintosh uniformity species indexes were calculated in each sampling period. The diversity of aphids was compared by Renyi's diversity ordering method. Estimation of maximum species richness was done using nonparametric indices. Analyzes and calculations were performed using SDR4 software. A total of 8258 individuals were collected from aphids during the whole sampling period, which is belonging to eight species as follows: Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko, 1913), Ford hirsute (Mordvilko,1928), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus, 1758), Rhopalosiphum sp., Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker, 1849), Sipha elegans (Del Guercio, 1905), Sipha sp. and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius, 1775). The most abundant species were the Russian wheat aphid, D. noxia and the rose-grass aphid, M. dirhodum, with 53.05 and 43.47 percent of the total aphid individuals respectively. Non-parametric methods of estimating species richness showed that additional sampling would yield at most 12 wheat aphid species in Saman wheat fields. A discussion was provided on species richness and species composition of wheat aphids during time in Saman region and also compared to other studied regions in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Stochastic Multiplicative DEA for Estimating Most Productive Scale Size
Hossein Dibachi -
Open Access Article
30 - Artistic and alphabetic description Besmelal in Jami's poems
Habibollah Dahmarde Ghaleno Maryam Shabanzadeh Abbas NikbakhtPoet use different methods for creation new and deep themes and decoration speech. And speech criticisms named for any of invention ways and decoration utterance, but artistic, sweet and many applied types of poetic strategies that has a record as long as literature and MorePoet use different methods for creation new and deep themes and decoration speech. And speech criticisms named for any of invention ways and decoration utterance, but artistic, sweet and many applied types of poetic strategies that has a record as long as literature and from beginning is seeing in any Rodaki’s poem, it less noticed literary critics. This way is applied alphabet letters in creation themes such as artistic, beauty and exciting way. Jami is one of the people that blow with benefit of art magic on body of alphabet letters and give them new life. In this writing we decide to revelation how applied alphabet letters for creation themes in his poems and we point to inventions that Jami reaches in way. In this opportunity will present with expression invented themes, beauties and artistic applied of alphabet letters too. Research method was description and it happens from library and electronic studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Simile and Alphabetic Letters in Khaghani’s Poems
saeid kheir khah barzaki foruzan taviliSimile in Persian Poetry is considered as one of most obvious imageries and hasoccupied a special place in the poets works.There for, poets using their own surrounding phenomena, have widened the scope of the similes used in theirpoems. One of these phenomenais to use t MoreSimile in Persian Poetry is considered as one of most obvious imageries and hasoccupied a special place in the poets works.There for, poets using their own surrounding phenomena, have widened the scope of the similes used in theirpoems. One of these phenomenais to use the alphabet similar unto which a thingis likened, which is quite common in Irag style and afterwards. In this research with providing a prologue on simile and alphabet and a reference to some famous collection of poems, some exaples of this issue, especially from Khaghani’s poetical collection , have been rendered. In Khaghani’scollection , simile after metaphor is used a lot compared to the other imageries and other poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - A review of alpha toxins in Iran
saeide saeidi Maryam Beigomi Razieh behzadmehrAbstract:Introduction:Aflatoxins are low molecular weight compounds that are produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi and are dangerous to vertebrates and other animals in very low concentrations. Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins that are produced by t MoreAbstract:Introduction:Aflatoxins are low molecular weight compounds that are produced as secondary metabolites by filamentous fungi and are dangerous to vertebrates and other animals in very low concentrations. Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins that are produced by three groups of Aspergillus fungi. Aflatoxins G1, G2, B2, B1 are the four most important types of aflatoxins.Material and Method:To receive related articles, electronic scientific resources in the country, Including SID and also in Medline, Science Direct, PubMed, Elsevier, Scopus databases using the keywords Aflatoxin M1, pasteurized milk, UHT milk, Raw milk, Yoghurt, cheese and their Persian equivalents from 2013 to 2019.Result:The results of the study showed that Iranian rice and pistachios except milk and dairy products are exposed to alpha toxin. Different methods are used to eliminate them.Conclusion:The study of studies conducted in Iran shows that the most attention among dairy products is focused on pasteurized milk and then sterilized milk and the rest of the products have a small share in the studies. In most studies, the contamination was higher than the standard of the European Union and the National Standards Organization of Iran; Therefore, the health of consumers, especially children, is at risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Effect of Alfatocopherol and Ascorbyl-Palmitat as Antioxidant on Lipid Oxidation in Sausage
Zohre Shirmohammadi Alireza RahmanOxidation in meat products is one of the factors led to change the taste and quality. This research was carried out the effect of α-tocopherol and palmitate ascorbyl on the lipids oxidation in frankfurter sausages. This research is done based on factorial experime MoreOxidation in meat products is one of the factors led to change the taste and quality. This research was carried out the effect of α-tocopherol and palmitate ascorbyl on the lipids oxidation in frankfurter sausages. This research is done based on factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications.Results showed that, the pH levels in different amount of α-tocopherol and palmitate ascorbyl were similar and significantly lower than the control samples. The pH level in all samples showed a decreasing trend by passing the time and this reduction amount were different in all samples. The peroxide value increased by passing the time but peroxide changes during time were not similar in all samples. The results showed after 45 and 60 days two samples, T2 and T4 did not show a significant difference with control sample but samples T1 , T3 and T5 were placed in the same group in time study. The highest amount of thiobarbituric acid, was observed in the control sample with highest amount of thiobarbituric acid in 45 and 60 days and the lowest amount was in the 0 day. On the other side, results showed in 0 day samples 5 and 2, in 45 and 60 days samples 3 and 4 had the highest and lowest %RSA, respectevily. Also, there was a difference significant between treatment levels. The results showed that the natural antioxidations α-tocopherol and palmitate ascorbyl are a useful additives to reduce lipid oxidation in frankfurter sausage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Michael addition of Pyrrole and indole to α,β- unsaturated compounds in the Presence of oxalic acid
Rashid Badri Zainab Taghipour Birgani -
Open Access Article
35 - The effect of educational games in Virtual education on increasing the learning of Persian alphabet in first grade elementary school students
marzieh baghdadi Fatemeh Ahmadbeigi mohamadmehdi radanIntroduction: The world of children is full of joy, freshness and wonder. Play is the biggest support for the child's personality and mental well-being, as well as the child's mental and physical development. Playing games is the bond that forms their friendships and gi MoreIntroduction: The world of children is full of joy, freshness and wonder. Play is the biggest support for the child's personality and mental well-being, as well as the child's mental and physical development. Playing games is the bond that forms their friendships and gives them the opportunity to acquire mental and emotional skills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of educational games in cyberspace on increasing the learning of the Persian alphabet by first grade elementary school students. Research Method: the research study was experimental type. The study population includes first grade male students in District 8 at Tehran city. Sixty first grade students of Fakhami-1 school in two classes of 30 people have been selected based on the random sampling method. These two classes were selected from all the first elementary classes and one class of 30 people was randomly assigned as the control group and the other 30 people as the experimental group. To collect the data, a researcher-made educational achievement test of Persian alphabet was used. The educational game was also designed by the researcher and implemented on the experimental group. Finding: results showed that the educational games in virtual education have been effective to increase the learning of the Persian alphabet in first grade students. The findings indicate that educational games in virtual education are effective in increasing the reading and writing skills of the Persian alphabet in first grade elementery school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - There is No Arch Without Brick
Mohammad Reza KalhurIt is clear, The English in both reading and writing skills is based on the alphabet. Explaining and teaching new alphabet (English) for teachers who teach in remote rural and deprived areas is too hard because students in this area are familiar with the native languag MoreIt is clear, The English in both reading and writing skills is based on the alphabet. Explaining and teaching new alphabet (English) for teachers who teach in remote rural and deprived areas is too hard because students in this area are familiar with the native language and formal language. Classical and elementary teaching method creates more problems for teachers in the teaching process as well as for students in understanding the process. Based on this necessity, subject of this study, mentally visualize and understand the similarities and contrasts comparison of the English alphabet with native language alphabet and the official language alphabet. Using the power of art and the use of "story" and the "Theatre and Show" for better understanding and a deeper understanding of the English alphabet, as well as the application and its requirements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls.
rasoul dokhtabdiyan azizeh ahmadiThe purpose of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls. 24 girls (BMI>25 kg/m) were randomly placed in three groups: HIIT1 group ( MoreThe purpose of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of high-intensity interval training with different volumes on IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP in overweight and obese young girls. 24 girls (BMI>25 kg/m) were randomly placed in three groups: HIIT1 group (n=8), HIIT2 group (n=8) and control group (n=8). HIIT1 group performed four sets of 30 seconds of running with an intensity of 19-20 RPE, two minutes of rest between sets in each session. HIIT2 group performed four sets of 60 seconds of running with the same intensity and four minutes of rest between sets. training was performed three sessions a week for four weeks. Blood samples were evaluated to measure serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP 48 hours before and 48 hours after training. To analyze the data . Mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used at a significant level (P<0.05). hs-CRP level significantly increased only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups (p=0.377). The IL-6 significantly decreased only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed only between the HIIT2 group and the control group (p=0.031). The mean of TNF-α showed a significant decrease only in the HIIT2 group (p<0.05). a significant difference was observed between the HIIT2 group and the control group (p=0.042). It seems that medium-term HIIT training reduces inflammatory indicators (IL-6, TNF-α) compared to short-term and probably has a role in reducing the incidence of heart and metabolic diseases in these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The impact of Persian alphabet game on creativity, third grade students in Hamedan
Hosein mihagheghei Aboalghasem yaghobi sareh ghaemicontext:One of the constant concerns of the educational psychology science is offering ways to increase children's creativity which sometimes requires examinations of the pas behaviors and the manner of playing games.Objectives : the creativity and the ways for its impr Morecontext:One of the constant concerns of the educational psychology science is offering ways to increase children's creativity which sometimes requires examinations of the pas behaviors and the manner of playing games.Objectives : the creativity and the ways for its improving is one of the constant concerns of the scientific society, and regarding to this fact , this research tries to examine the influence of the Persian alphabet game on creatively third grade elementary students. method:The method of research that applied in this study was, Semi-pilot and unequal group control plan type. The population of the research comprised entire male and female students in third grade of elementary schools who studying at 1392 academic year in the city of Hamedan.The employed questionnaires in this study were the Intelligence Color Raven test for children, the form B of Torrance creativity test and play with the Persian alphabet.In order to analyze data, the single-variate and multi-variate Covariance analysis and Post hoc test and to calculate the experimental intervention on creativity variables the effect size Glass method was useresults:The results showed that teaching word formation through play with thePersian alphabet increase in the total score of students creativity and its sub-components .Discussion : so it seems that the creativity as a changeable variant affected by the game , is an effective method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The study of effectiveness of alpha/theta neurofeedback on emotional and cognitive creativity in primary school children
Zohre Alaedini Mehrdad Kalantari Mohamad Bagher Kajbaf Hossein MolaviIntroduction: There are hundreds of ways to develop creativity among children, youths and adults. Developing new ideas and ways of teaching creativity should also incorporate youth’s interests and hobbies. Perpouse: The article presents the main information about MoreIntroduction: There are hundreds of ways to develop creativity among children, youths and adults. Developing new ideas and ways of teaching creativity should also incorporate youth’s interests and hobbies. Perpouse: The article presents the main information about the effect of alpha/theta neurofeedback on creativity. Method: 75 primary school students (7-12 old) participated in the study voluntarily. Alpha/theta neurofeedback training was administrated in fifteen 90 minutes sessions. The variables were evaluated through Torrance Test of Creative Thinking and Averill's Emotional Creativity Test. Results: MANCOVA analysis disclosed that this training can increase students' scores in cognitive and emotional creativity scales (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Alpha/theta neurofeedback increases cognitive and emotional creativity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Playing with English Alphabet and its Impact on Students’ Participatory Creativity
Suzan Arezi Bahman Saeidipour Mohammad Reza Sarmadi Bahman ZandiObjective: the main objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of playing with English alphabet on students’ participatory creativity. Methodology: this research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. T MoreObjective: the main objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of playing with English alphabet on students’ participatory creativity. Methodology: this research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The population consisted of all students of Kermanshah Payam-e-Noor University who were passing their specialized English course. Using convenience sampling method, 60 students were selected out of the whole population. Then, the selected students were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Using educational games and routine procedures, students in the experimental group were trained for one semester. The data were collected by the Abedi Test of Creativity (ATC), whose validity and reliability had already been confirmed. The SPSS software was used to statistically analyze the collected data and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conductedto test the study’s hypotheses. Results: the results showed statistically significant differences between average scores obtained by the two groups in subskills of Fluency (F=16.015), Elaboration (F=4.576), Originality (F=5.265) and Flexibility (F=6.155), indicating that the used educational games had significant impacts on the mentioned subskills of creativity. Conclusion: according to the results of this study,playing with English alphabet positively affects creativity and learning of university students. In other words, students can be expected to be more creative when playing such educational games. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Investigating the effect of life skills training on creativity increasing of primary pupils
Mahmood Azami Alireza Jafari Nahid Karimi Abstract Background: Creativity is at the highest level of human cognitive activities. Creativity is potential and ability that thought, writing, behave and practice of man can make, and it involves solving problems. Creative people solve problems before they cre More Abstract Background: Creativity is at the highest level of human cognitive activities. Creativity is potential and ability that thought, writing, behave and practice of man can make, and it involves solving problems. Creative people solve problems before they create or add to its complexity. So, the only way to make these capabilities, individuals can be prepared to deal with changing conditions of life and new opportunities. Purpose: Study the effect of life Skills training on primary school pupils' creativity increasing. Method: Among primary school pupils in Zanjan province, 86 people were selected using multi-phase random cluster method and simple random method and assigned into two control and experimental groups. Initially Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking in both groups was used. Then, life skills for 20 sessions (40 hours) were taught to the experimental group. After the training sessions, and three months later, both groups were tested by Torrance Creative Thinking. After data gathering, it was analyzed via t-test, variance analysis and Sheffe’s follow-up test statistics. Result (s): The results showed that there was a significant difference between divergent thinking of grade 3 to 4 and also of grade 3 to 5. However, there was not found any significant difference between pupils creative thinking in grade 3 and 5. Alpha Conclusion: Accordingly, it can be concluded that through teaching life skills to children, their creativity may enhance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Introducing a Model for Road headers' Performance Prediction Based on the Specific Energy and the Angle between Tunnel Axis and the Planes of Weakness
Arash EbrahimabadiRoad headers offer a unique capability and flexibility for the excavation of soft to medium strength rockformations, hence; are extensively used in underground mining and tunneling operations. A critical issue insuccessful road header application is the ability to evalu MoreRoad headers offer a unique capability and flexibility for the excavation of soft to medium strength rockformations, hence; are extensively used in underground mining and tunneling operations. A critical issue insuccessful road header application is the ability to evaluate and predict the machine performance. The mainobjective of this research study is to investigate the cutting performance of road headers in coal measure rocksby paying special attention to the influence of discontinuity orientation (alpha angle) and the specific energy.With this respect, a database was established from detailed field data including the measured instantaneouscutting rates (ICR) and geomechanical parameters of the coal measure rocks for each cutting condition throughthe tunnels in Tabas coal mine project. The database was then analyzed by utilizing the statistical method inorder to yield new predictive models. The influence of alpha angle (the angle between tunnel axis and the planesof weakness) on road header performance was investigated and the correlation between them was found to begood (R²=0.96). The analysis of the specific energy also showed that there is a relatively good relation (R²=0.91)between this parameter and ICR. Finally, the new predictive models for ICR (with respect to alpha angle andspecific energy) showed to have highly correlated relationships within the limits of measured values and hencemay successfully be used to evaluate the performance of medium-duty road headers in coal measure rocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Effect of Intelligent Vehicle Networks On Roadways Safety
Mohammad Yahaghifar Asghar Charmin -
Open Access Article
44 - The connection between Sufism and Shiism in the ninth century AH in Iran
pourndokht ramazanjamaat nasser Jadidi masoud mohammadiThe extraordinary development of Sufism and the proliferation of monasteries is a feature of the ninth century AH in Iran. On the other hand, the beginning of this century is a significant period in the history of Shiism in Iran; Because Sufism in this period became the MoreThe extraordinary development of Sufism and the proliferation of monasteries is a feature of the ninth century AH in Iran. On the other hand, the beginning of this century is a significant period in the history of Shiism in Iran; Because Sufism in this period became the link between Sunni and Shiite and Shiism itself was crystallized in the form of Sufism and this issue played an important role in the spread and influence of Shiism in many lands of most Sunni religions. Many sects of thought with the Shiite approach such as Harufiyeh, Moshasheieh, Noorbakhshieh and Nemat Elahieh in transferring the Iranian intellectual approach from Sunni to Shiite in the ninth century AH finally provided the grounds for the emergence of the Safavid Shiite government in every way. How Sufism was incorporated into Shi'ism is one of the topics that has always been questioned by scholars.This research seeks to study the proximity and connection between Sufism and Shiism in the ninth century AH with a descriptive and analytical method and analyze its consequences. It was especially religious in connection with Sufism and Shi'ism of the previous period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The effects of teaching English alphabet with and without initial introduction of letter names on Iranian grade seven students' reading speed
Ali Tayebnejad Manjili -
Open Access Article
46 - A note on "An interval type-2 fuzzy extension of the TOPSIS method using alpha cuts"
Amir Mohamadghasemi -
Open Access Article
47 - Effect of Salicylic Acid and Ethephon on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat under Salt Stress
Soheyla Shakeri Fatemeh Saeid Nematpour Akbar Safipour AfsharWater or soil salinities are the most important factors that reduce the seed germination of plants. Ethephon can break seed dormancy in a variety of plants, such as cereals and speeds up germination. In some plants pretreatment of seeds with salicylic acid has increased MoreWater or soil salinities are the most important factors that reduce the seed germination of plants. Ethephon can break seed dormancy in a variety of plants, such as cereals and speeds up germination. In some plants pretreatment of seeds with salicylic acid has increased the germination percentage. To study effect of salicylic acid and ethephon on seed germination of wheat (Seivand cultivar) under salinity condition a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the Plant Research Laboratory of Neyshabur Branch of Islamic Azad University in 2011. Four salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150 mM), three salicylic acid levels (0, 0.5, 1 mM) and four ethephon levels (0, 0.5, 1, 2 mM) were used. The results showed that at salinity condition seed germination rate and percentage, shoot and root length, their dry weight and α-amylase activity decreased and proline content increased. Pretreatment of seeds by salicylic acid increased seed germination percentage, some growth parameters, α-amylase activity and proline content under salinity condition. Moreover, pretreatment of seeds by ethephon decreased some growth parameters and increased proline content but its effect on germination and α-amylase activity were not significant. It seems that Salicylic acid as a plant growth regulator under salinity condition and ethephon convertion to ethylene, activated plant tolerance mechanisms to salinity condition and decrease damaging effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Effect of Beta asarone on concentration of TNF-α in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
Golshid Saki Akram Eidi Pejman Mortazavi Akbar Vahdati Negar PanahiBeta asarone which is the major component of Acorus tatarinowii Schott, can pass through the blood-brain-barrier and affect the central nervous system. In the present study, effect of beta asarone on TNF-α level was investigated in β-amyloid-induced alzheimer MoreBeta asarone which is the major component of Acorus tatarinowii Schott, can pass through the blood-brain-barrier and affect the central nervous system. In the present study, effect of beta asarone on TNF-α level was investigated in β-amyloid-induced alzheimeric male rats. The adult male rats were randomly divided into 9 groups of 6: normal control, sham-operated control, β-asarone (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg PO, daily for 50 days), alzheimeric control (bilateral intrahippocampal injection of 4 µl of β-amyloid 1-42) and alzheimeric β-asarone receiving (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg PO β-asarone daily for 30 days following β-amyloid injection and subsequent doses of beta asarone for 3 weeks). The rats were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and the TNF-α level was measured in brain homogenate. Our results showed that administration of β-asarone (25 and 50 mg/kg) significantly decreased the TNF-α level (p<0.001) in alzheimeric rats. Thus, these results indicate that β-asarone is effective in providing protection against inflammation induced by β-amyloid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Effect of regular aerobic exercise on serum levels of cTnI, TNF-α and apoptosis in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rats
یوسف DoustarThe process of restoring blood flow to ischemic heart muscle is antithetically capable of inducing cardiac damage. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are t MoreThe process of restoring blood flow to ischemic heart muscle is antithetically capable of inducing cardiac damage. Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) are the important biochemical parameters of cardiac tissue damage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of short term and regular growing long term aerobic exercise on serum levels of cTnI and TNF-α in rats with Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) injury. For this purpose, forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups including: control, I/R, I/R with two weeks of aerobic exercise, and I/R with eight weeks of regular growing aerobic exercise groups. Aerobic exercise was performed 5 times per week on treadmill at speed of 10-25m/min for 10-30 minutes with the slope of 5 degrees. For induction of I/R injury, the left descending coronary artery was clamped for 30 minutes, thereafter blood flow was restored for 2 hours. Finally, after collection of blood samples from the retro-orbital plexus for cTnI and TNF-α measurements, all animals were euthanized. Histologic sections were created for TUNEL staining from the hearts. Regular growing long term aerobic exercise significantly (p<0.05) decreased the cTnI and TNF-α serum levels, which were increased due to I/R injury. Microscopically, the numbers of apoptotic cells were significantly (p<0.01) increased in I/R group compared to the control group. Regular growing long term aerobic exercise significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells (p<0.05). The results showed regular growing long term aerobic exercise protects the cardiac tissue of rats from I/R injury. Conflict of interest: None declared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Study of the effect of prostaglandin F2α analogue, Dinoprost, on cropus luteal tissue in pseudopregnant rabbit
S.e Safavi M.H Khayat Nouri In this study the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha analogue, dinoprost, on corpus luteal tissue in pseudopregnant rabbit was investigated. For this purpose, 42 mature female rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 animals each. In 3 groups, o More In this study the effect of prostaglandin F2 alpha analogue, dinoprost, on corpus luteal tissue in pseudopregnant rabbit was investigated. For this purpose, 42 mature female rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups of 7 animals each. In 3 groups, on day 10 of pseudopregnancy, dinoprost (1mg/kg) was injected intramuscularly and 24, 48 and 72 hours following injection respectively, the animals were necropsied. In the other three groups, normal saline solution was injected as control groups. In all groups, after blood sampling the animals were necropsied and their ovaries removed and weighed. Following sampling and fixation in 10% formalin solution, the tissue samples were stained by Hematoxylene & Eosine method and the corpora lutea were studied morphologically and morphometrically. Histomorphometrical study indicated that the diameter of corpus luteum decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all treatment groups compared with the control groups. Also progression of connective tissue, pyknotic nuclei, intercellular space and large vacuole formation increased significantly (p<0.05) in treatment groups in comparison with the control groups. Peripheral and central fatty droplets increased significantly (p<0.05) 24 and 48 hours post PGF2α injection respectively. Serum progesterone concentration decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all treatment groups as compared with the control groups. The results indicated that structural and functional luteolysis progressively increased in PGF2α treated groups compared with the control groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Ecophytochemical Survey in Three Species of Artemisia L. Afected by Different Climate and Phenological Stages in Khuzestan Province
Mohammad Reza Nazar Pour Mehrab YadegariThe most essential oil compounds in the A.sieberi L., A.aucheri L. and A.vulgaris L. were alpha-pinene, camphene, sabinene, limonene, artemisia-ketone, borneol, caryophyllene, germacrene-D and beta-eudesmol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects MoreThe most essential oil compounds in the A.sieberi L., A.aucheri L. and A.vulgaris L. were alpha-pinene, camphene, sabinene, limonene, artemisia-ketone, borneol, caryophyllene, germacrene-D and beta-eudesmol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of climatic conditions of two different regions of Khuzestan province (Masjed Soleiman and Izeh) and phenological stages (vegetative, flowering and seeding stages) on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of essential oil of three species of Artemisia (sieberi, aucheri and vulgaris) belonging to the Asteraceae family. This research was conducted in a completely randomized design in 3 replications. After collecting the shoots of plants in different stages, the essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and GC and GC / MS was used to identify the compounds. The most effective essential oil compounds were alpha-pinene, camphene, sabinen, limonene, artemisia-ketone, borneol, caryophyllene, germacrene-di and beta-odemsol. In addition, the amounts of volatile components and monoterpene hydrocarbons such as alpha-pinene and limonene in essential oils decreased from Masjed-Solieyman (tropical) to Izeh (temperate), however the percentage of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as caryophyllene increased. Therfore to obtain the most essential oil in the three studied species of Artemisia, harvesting in tropical climate at the beginning of flowering stage is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Essential oil composition of Salvia eremophila Boiss. in different stages of plant growth in Yazd province
Gholamreza Zarei Abbas Morovvati SharifabadSalvia eremophila Boiss. belongs to Lamiaceae family is one of the most aromatic exclusive plants in Iran. This study was evaluated by comparing in quality and quantity of Salvia eremophila Boiss. essential oil during different stages of plant growth&n MoreSalvia eremophila Boiss. belongs to Lamiaceae family is one of the most aromatic exclusive plants in Iran. This study was evaluated by comparing in quality and quantity of Salvia eremophila Boiss. essential oil during different stages of plant growth in spring and summer 2014 (Marvar region of Yazd province). Aerial parts of plant were collected in different stages: before blooming, in blooming, full blooming and fruit ripening. The essential oil samples were extracted by water-distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Results were showed that in both spring and summer the most amount of essential oil were related in fruit ripening stage equaled to 1.99 and 1.59 % respectively, in which α-pinene, borneol, bornyl acetate and camphene were the major compounds of essential oil during these two seasons, respectively. The α-pinene (35.97%) and camphene (12.11%) were the main components of plant essential oil in spring, while the borneol (24.37%) and bornyl acetate (19.26%) were the main essential oil components in summer stage, respectively. So in fruit ripening the plant had the highest amounts of essential oil yield and Salvia eremophila Boiss. is also reported as one of the sources of extracting alpha-pinene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Effect of altitude on essential oil composition in different gender of Juniperus communis ssp. hemisphaerica growing wild in Amol
Ali Rostaefar Abbas Hassani Fatemeh SefidkonJuniperus communis L. ssp. hemisphaerica is a dioeciously wild growing shrub, which is belonged to Cupressaceae family and could found in the Alborz Mountain in north of Iran. The essential oil of Juniper is used as anti-depressant, anti-rheumatic, anti-spasmodic, carmi MoreJuniperus communis L. ssp. hemisphaerica is a dioeciously wild growing shrub, which is belonged to Cupressaceae family and could found in the Alborz Mountain in north of Iran. The essential oil of Juniper is used as anti-depressant, anti-rheumatic, anti-spasmodic, carminative, antidiabetic, appetizer and diuretic properties. In this research the effects of altitude on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the essential oil in different gender of this plant was investigated. The aerial part of different gender were harvested from two altitudes (2200 and 2700 m) in summer 2011. The essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results were showed that the foliage of male plants in both altitude contained higher oil content (2.74%-2.85%) than the female plants (2.20%-2.59%). The α-pinene and sabinene were the main components of essential oils in both foliages, but the highest amount of α-pinene (48.81%) and sabinene (44.47%) were observed in 2200 m in both foliage's, respectively. Monoterpenes were the main compounds, which identified in these essential oils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Evaluation of quantity and quality of Linum usitatissimum L. fatty acids under the influence of boric acid, salicylic acid, and urea foliar application during the day
mahtab pouyanfar Naser Mohebalipour Hassan Nourafcan Ali FaramarziLinum usitatissimum L. is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world and moreover, its oil is a valuable source of essential fatty acids composed of omega-3 such as alpha-linolenic acid. This plant is sensitive to fertilizer that is poured near the stem. There MoreLinum usitatissimum L. is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world and moreover, its oil is a valuable source of essential fatty acids composed of omega-3 such as alpha-linolenic acid. This plant is sensitive to fertilizer that is poured near the stem. Therefore, foliar application of nutrients is used as an efficient method with a major impact on the growth, quantity and quality of active ingredients in this product. This factorial experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Medicinal Plants Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, during 2019 to assess the effect of foliar application of different concentrations of boric acid, salicylic acid and urea at different hours of the day on increasing the quantity and quality of essential fatty acids. Treatments were applied at ten-day intervals in three periods after the beginning of flowering and the final harvest was performed to extract the oil with N-hexane solvent after capsule maturity. The percentage of fatty acid profile of flaxseed oil were determined using GC and GC-MS connected to mass spectrometer. Based on the results, the foliar application 50 mg/l salicylic acid on the percentage of alpha-linolenic acid and 3 liters of boric acid on linoleic acid after sunset, and 100 mg/l salicylic acid on eicosadienoic acid before sunrise and 5 g/l urea on palmitoleic acid after sunset were effective. Therefore, a combination of environmental effects on the plant before and during foliar application and plant physiology during and after uptake determines the effect of foliar application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Phytotoxicity Effect of Fennel Essential Oil on Germination and Growth Characteristics of Common Mallow and White Goosefoot
Sayed Amir Hamzeh Bahari Meymandi Omid Alizadeh shahram sharafzadeh Forud Bazrafshan Bahram AmiriContinued use of herbicides has increased the resistance of weeds to them and also reduced the quality of soil and groundwater. Due to the herbicidal properties of plant essential oils, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fennel essential oil on seed MoreContinued use of herbicides has increased the resistance of weeds to them and also reduced the quality of soil and groundwater. Due to the herbicidal properties of plant essential oils, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fennel essential oil on seed germination and seedling growth of common mallow and white goosefoot in laboratory conditions, which was performed as a factorial in a completely randomized design in the research laboratory of the Cooperative Foundation of Rudan city, Hormozgan province, in 2016 . The essential oils were extracted from Fennel seeds by hydrodistillation by using a clevenger apparatus and were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the highest percentages of seeds essential oil components were related to e-anethole (66.92%), methyl chavicol (14.54%), fenchone (7.01%) and limonene (6.84%), respectively. Weed seeds after disinfection with sodium hypochlorite and then drying, exposed to concentrations of 0 (distilled water), 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μl/l of fennel essential oil in suitable light conditions at 25 °C. Based on the results the Fennel essential oil reduced the percentage and speed of seed germination, root and shoot length of common mallow and white goosefoot. With increasing the concentration of essential oil, the percentage and speed of seed germination also decreased significantly. In general, the response of the studied weeds to fennel essential oil was different; In a way, the common mallow was more sensitive to white goosefoot. The greatest inhibitory effect on the germination of common mallow and white goosefoot seeds was related to the concentration of 1000 μl/l of essential oil, so that in the case of common mallow, germination stopped completely. Allelopathy index at a concentration of 1000 μl/l fennel essential oil for common mallow and white goosefoot was -1 and -0.83, respectively.According to the results, the use of 1000 μl/l fennel essential oil is recommended to control common mallow and white goosefoot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The photo degradation of methyl red in aqueous solutions by α-Fe2O3/SiO2 nano photocatalyst
Majid Saghi Aref Shokri Ali Arastehnodeh Mohammad Khazaeinejad Atena Nozari -
Open Access Article
57 - The photo degradation of methyl red in aqueous solutions by α-Fe2O3/SiO2 nano photocatalyst
Majid Saghi Aref Shokri Ali Arastehnodeh Mohammad Khazaeinejad Atena Nozari -
Open Access Article
58 - Exact Solutions of Fuzzy Linear System Equations
Mohammad Adabitabar Firozja Bahram Agheli -
Open Access Article
59 - خاصیت بازدارندگی آلفا-آمیلاز و آنتی اکسیدانی داروی گیاهی سیگناد گوگال در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
اشوک کومار سالیمولا خان گوپی ستی ساران ناوین کومار لوکانت ویمقدمه و هدف: سیگناد گوگال یکی از داروهای گیاهی است که در طب آیورودا هند کاربرد فراوانی دارد. در تحقیق حاضر اثر عصاره آبی سیگناد گوگال بر بازدارندگی آلفا آمیلاز و خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی اثر آنتی اکسیدانی ، از Moreمقدمه و هدف: سیگناد گوگال یکی از داروهای گیاهی است که در طب آیورودا هند کاربرد فراوانی دارد. در تحقیق حاضر اثر عصاره آبی سیگناد گوگال بر بازدارندگی آلفا آمیلاز و خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی آن مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی اثر آنتی اکسیدانی ، از روش قدرت احیا کنندگی FRAP و برای تعیین فعالیت بازدارندگی آلفا آمیلاز از روش دنیترو-سالیسیلیک اسید استفاده شد. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که سیگناد گوگال دارای پتانسیل بازدارندگی آلفا-آمیلاز و آنتی اکسیدان به روش FRAP با IC50 معادل 84 میکروگرم در میلی لیتر می باشد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج تحقیق حاضر بیانگر آن است که سیگناد گوگال ترکیبی از چند گیاه دارویی Commiphora mukul Emblica officinalis, Terminalia belerica, Terminalia chebula, Ricinus communis قابلیت بسیار مناسبی آنتی اکسیدانی و بازدارندگی آلفا-آمیلاز را دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - مقایسه ترکیبات شیمیایی و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی اسانس استخراج شده از برگهای Acorus calamus L.
پینکی چابی آرکانا پارکی ام پراکاش راوندرا کومار ای. کا پانتBackground & Aim: Acorus calamus L. is a native herb in India. The herb belongs to family Acoraceae. It is perennial and grows in marshy land with scented rhizomes and tapered reed like leaves with 80-100 cm in height. The leaves generally arise from the r MoreBackground & Aim: Acorus calamus L. is a native herb in India. The herb belongs to family Acoraceae. It is perennial and grows in marshy land with scented rhizomes and tapered reed like leaves with 80-100 cm in height. The leaves generally arise from the rhizomes. It is also known as sweet flag in English and vernacularly as Bach. The present investigation reveals the chemical diversity and antioxidant activity of Acorus calamus leaf essential oils from different altitudinal regions of Uttarakhand. Experimental: The essential oil composition of Acorus calamus (Araceae) leaves, collected from twenty different ecological niches of Uttarakhand, in India with oil yield ranged between 0.2-1.4 percent, were analyzed by GC/MS. DPPH assay were performed for determination of antioxidant activity of each oil. Results: The major component ranging 43.4-60.7% of the total oil was identified as β- asarone. The other predominant constituents were α-asarone (2.6-7.9%), shyobunone (3.4-6.3%) and Z- isoelemicin (3.2-5.4%). The antioxidant activity of essential oil was studied by their ability to scavenge free radicals with different IC50 values (10.79-106.44 μg/ml) in comparison to standard antioxidant. Recommended applications/industries: The vast chemical diversity of the herb essential oil and its antioxidant potential can be good natural source for herbal neutraceuticals and phenyl propanoids, the biologically important class of terpenoids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Ammonium monovanadate: a versatile and reusable catalyst for Friedel-Crafts alkylation and Michael addition of indoles
Kobra Nikoofar -
Open Access Article
62 - یک مدل چند هدفه فازی برای مشکل مدیریت پروژه
سید مائده میرمحسنی سید هادی ناصریدر ایـن تحقیـق، مسـئله تصمیمگیـری مدیریـت پـروژه چنـد هدفه با اهـداف فازی و محدودیتهـای فـازی مـورد توجـه قـرار گرفتـه اسـت. مـا یـک رویکـرد آلفـا بـرش و دو روش مختلـف راهحـل برنامهنویسـی اهـدف فـازی بـرای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیـری چنـد معیاره مدیریت پـروژه (MOPM) را در محی Moreدر ایـن تحقیـق، مسـئله تصمیمگیـری مدیریـت پـروژه چنـد هدفه با اهـداف فازی و محدودیتهـای فـازی مـورد توجـه قـرار گرفتـه اسـت. مـا یـک رویکـرد آلفـا بـرش و دو روش مختلـف راهحـل برنامهنویسـی اهـدف فـازی بـرای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیـری چنـد معیاره مدیریت پـروژه (MOPM) را در محیطهـای فازی ایجاد میکنیـم. برنامهریـزی خطـی چندهدفـه فـازی تعاملـی (I-FMOL) و روشهـای وزندهـی جمعـی پیشـنهاد شـده برای حـل مسـئله تصمیمگیری چندهدفـه (PM) کـه در آن اطلاعـات فـازی بـا اسـتفاده از توابـع عضویـت خطـی (LMF) نشـان داده میشـود. روشهـای پیشـنهادی تلاشـی معقولانـه بـرای بـه حداقل رسـاندن کل هزینههـای پـروژه، زمـان کل تکمیـل و هزینههـای ریـز ریـز شـده کل و محدودیتهـای متعـددی مانند زمـان بین وقایـع i و j، زمان وقوع فعالیـت (I, j) و کل بودجـه سـرمایه اسـت . وزن معیارهـای هـر تابع هدف بر اسـاس درجـه اولویت پـروژه DM بـا تکنیک AHP-Fuzzy محاسـبه شـده. تجزیه و تحلیـل عملکرد با مجموعـهای از اندازههـای فاصله بـرای برنامهریـزی خطی چندهدفه فـازی تعاملی (I-FMOLP) وروشهـای راهحل وزندهی جمعی محاسـبه شـده که نشـاندهنده اهـداف و محدودیتهـای عـدم قطعیـت در مسـئله تصمیمگیـری PM بـا راه حـل ایـدهآل در یـک مطالعـه موردی صنعتی اسـت، مقایسـه میشـود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Decreased Omega-3 Long-Chain Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid and Total Omega-3 Poly Unsaturated Fatty Acid Content of Chicken Meat Fed Diets High in Linoleic Acid to Alpha-Linolenic Acid Ratio
L.R. Kartikasari R.J. Hughes M.S. Geier R.A. Gibson -
Open Access Article
64 - Genetic Polymorphism Detection of the Exon 1 Region of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Alpha Gene in Iranian Mahabadi Goat Breed
س. جوزی شکالگورابی ح. مرادی شهربابک م. عباسی فیروزجائی آ. قربانی -
Open Access Article
65 - Introduction and analysis of the unknown system of Mavadat nameh
mahdieh valiMasnavi Mudat-nameh is one of the narrative stories written by a poet named Mir Muhammad Ismail bin Yusuf Abjadi, one of the 11th century Persian poets of India, in response to Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. This masnavi has never achieved the military Khumsah; However, the MoreMasnavi Mudat-nameh is one of the narrative stories written by a poet named Mir Muhammad Ismail bin Yusuf Abjadi, one of the 11th century Persian poets of India, in response to Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. This masnavi has never achieved the military Khumsah; However, the simplicity of the language, the fluency of the words, the attention to the meaning and theme, the use of literary arrays in moderation and the proper structure and texture of the words, have made the Masnavi of Maudt-nameh easy and understandable for the audience. Examining the unique manuscript of the work showed that the composer, in addition to paying attention to the appearance of the words, was not oblivious to the meaning and theme, and considered both verbal and meaningful aspects; Therefore, his poem is not one-dimensional and has linguistic, literary, semantic, etc. value. Since this system has remained unknown until now, the author decided to investigate and analyze the content and style of the work while introducing this work in this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The effects of Cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L. tissue culture
Aida Taghizadeh ghavidel Ahmad Majd masome mirzaiCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium a MoreCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium and Bean is one of the most important species in Fabaceae family that have high economic significance in human nutrition.Regeneration by tissue culture is one of the effective and appropriate methods for preserving and also propagation of plants.In this study,research of effects cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L.tissue culture,percentage of germination,rhizogenesis and callus generation of seed of Bean plant cultivar(cos 16)in mediums containing cadmium nitrate and2ip hormone evaluated.In the Beginning seeds were surface sterilized respectively with:etanol70%,distilled water and sodium hypocholorite5%.Sterilized seeds were cultured into different culture containing:T0(MS),T1(MS+ 2ip: 0.1 mg⁄l );T2(MS + 2ip: 0.1mg⁄l +CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T3( MS+ CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l)for percentage of germination.Explants of leaf and hypocotyl were prepared from ten-day sterilized seedling cultured in T0 medium and moved in T0(MS),T1(MS+2ip: 3mg⁄l );T2(MS+2ip: 5mg⁄l).A number of hypocotyl explants were transferred intoT1(MS+ NAA: 0.5mg⁄l),T2 (MS+ BAP:2.5mg⁄l) ;T3(MS+NAA:0.5mg⁄l+BAP:2.5mg⁄l). Eventually calluses of hypocotyl explant subcultured fromT0 medium into T0(MS), T1(MS+CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T2(MS+CdNo3: 0.1mg⁄l).According to the above results,maximum and minimum percentage of germination in T0(MS),T3(MS+CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l).Best percentage of callus generation inT0(MS),was observed in hypocotyl explants.Also most rhizogenesis inT2(MS+2ip:5 mg⁄l)in leaf explant and Best callus generation and rhizogenesis were seen inT3(MS+NAA: 0.5 mg⁄l +BAP:2.5mg⁄l)in hypocotyl explant.Finally In subculture of the callus of hypocotyl explant,the most callus generation and rhizogenesis was observed in absence of cadmium nitrate:T0(MS). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The Efficacy of Multi-Component Instruction on Children with Special Learning Disorder in Spelling: A Single-Case Experimental Design Study
Hamidreza Hassanabadi Razieh Tayyebi Parvin Kadivar Dyslexia is a disorder that affects reading and spelling, but in fact, poor spelling is often described as the hallmark of dyslexia. Unfortunately, researchers have focused mainly on reading interventions and equal emphasis on timely interventions on spelling has More Dyslexia is a disorder that affects reading and spelling, but in fact, poor spelling is often described as the hallmark of dyslexia. Unfortunately, researchers have focused mainly on reading interventions and equal emphasis on timely interventions on spelling has been neglected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a multi-component spelling instruction in 4 students with specific learning disorder in spelling in an ABA design. Intervention was presented in 12 sessions and data were analyzed using visual analysis and quantitative methods by R software. Non-overlap of all pair's analysis (NAP) confirmed a significant increase in the spelling performance of 4 participants compared to baseline. In addition, findings did not show a significant reduction in participants' performance between the intervention phase and the maintenance phase (A2). Findings of this study seem promising to provide a multicomponent approach to treatment of multi-component deficits in specific learning disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Masculinization of Zebra Cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum) with Oral Treatment of 17Alpha-Methyl Testosterone and the Effects on Mortality Rate, Sterilization and Mixed Sexual Fish
S. H. Mosavi Sabet A. Zamini H. Vahab Zadeh Rodsari Z. Morad KhaniIn this study production of a monosex Zebra Cichlid Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum population was studied. Cichlids fries (7 days) were fed with six different hormonal doses 30, 60, 100, 150, 200 & 300 mg 17alpha-methyl testosterone/kg diet for 40 days. The hormone was a MoreIn this study production of a monosex Zebra Cichlid Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum population was studied. Cichlids fries (7 days) were fed with six different hormonal doses 30, 60, 100, 150, 200 & 300 mg 17alpha-methyl testosterone/kg diet for 40 days. The hormone was added to food by alcohol dry method. During the test, fish were kept in 28±1 in temperature, 7.5 to 8.3 in pH and less than 170±10 mg/lit in water hardness. Fish were fed 6 times, from 6 am to 11 p.m. Results showed that the male numbers obtained in all treatments were more than the control group, and the dose of 100mgMT/kg food was more efficient in sex reversal than others, resulting in all males (P<0.05). Histological results showed dose of 300mgMT/kg food was more efficient in sex sterilizing than the others, resulting in 97.6% (P<0.05). 300mgMT/kg food increased mortality rate to 37.5% (P<0.05). 30mg MT/kg food increased mixed sexual to 8.8% (P<0.05). Hormonal sex reversal is a good method to produce mono sex fish population and limits unwanted breeding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Production and characterization of a thermophilic and extremely halotolerant alpha-amylase isolated from Anoxybacillus gonensis AT23
Saeedeh Afrisham Arasto Badoei Delfard Abdolhamid Namaki Shoshtari Zahra KaramiBackground & Objectives: Thermophilic alpha-amylase can be used in different industries such as starch processing and detergents. This study was performed to isolate alpha-amylase-producing bacteria and characterization of the enzyme. Materials & Methods: After MoreBackground & Objectives: Thermophilic alpha-amylase can be used in different industries such as starch processing and detergents. This study was performed to isolate alpha-amylase-producing bacteria and characterization of the enzyme. Materials & Methods: After sample collection from Gorooh hot spring in Kerman province, Iran, thermophilic alpha-amylase- producing bacteria were isolated using the starch-agar medium. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to identify the bacterial strain. Characterization of the thermophilic alpha-amylase was performed in the presence of various factors such as pH, temperature, metal ions, chemical compounds, and organic solvents. Also, kinetic parameters of the enzyme were determined in different concentrations of starch. Results: Anoxybacillus gonensis AT23 was identified as the best thermophilic alpha-amylase- producing strain. The alpha-amylase enzyme showed the optimal activity at pH 5 to 6. Sevenfold increase in the enzyme activity was observed in the presence of NaCl (3M). Mn2+ and Zn2+ increased the enzyme activity about 95% and 31%, respectively. Kinetic parameters including Km and Vmax were estimated about 1.657 mg/ml and 0.0059 mg/ml/min, respectively. Also, enzyme activity was also improved about 2 folds in the presence of organic solvents including n-butanol and 10% cyclohexane. Conclusion: Our results indicated that AT23 alpha-amylase is a halophile and organic solvent-tolerant enzyme. Therefore, it can be used in different industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Cloning and over expression of alpha-amylase gene isolated from Bacillus licheniformis and determination of biochemical characterizations of this recombinant enzyme
Ashraf Kariminik Kobra SaeediBackground & Objectives: α-amylase, is an endoamylase to hydrolyses amylase, amylopectin and glycogen by randomly cleavage of internal alpha 1, 4 linkages. Genus Bacillus is one of the most common microbial sources of α-amylase production. The aim of the MoreBackground & Objectives: α-amylase, is an endoamylase to hydrolyses amylase, amylopectin and glycogen by randomly cleavage of internal alpha 1, 4 linkages. Genus Bacillus is one of the most common microbial sources of α-amylase production. The aim of the present study is identification, overexpression and activity analysis of Bacillus licheniformis α-amylase (amyS). Materials & Methods: A polymerase chain reaction was used to identify and isolate α-amylase gene in Bacillus sp. The fragments were introduced into expression vector pET-26 (+). After sequencing, the recombinant vectors were introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3) for expression. The recombinant enzyme were purified using amicon filter and dialysis bags. α-amylase activity was measured using di-nitro salicylic acid technique. Results: Based on the results, the α-amylase gene was over-expressed in an expression system beyond the native host (Bacillus sp.). Based on the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, the molecular weight of this enzyme was predicted 54 KDa. The α-amylase showed an enzyme activity about 4.77 U/ml. Conclusion: These results indicated a high expression of this enzyme in an expression system beyond the host, which was due to existence of a strong promoter used in this study, T7promoter. As a result, employment of this system in an industrial scale is recommended due to the secretion of the target enzyme, a proper folding of the enzyme and maintenance of its activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Isolation of orange orchards rhizosphere Bacillus cereus by the ability of α-amylase secretion
Mahnaz Ramezani Ali Riahi-Madvar Mooj KhaleghiBackground and Objectives: Rhizosphere bacteria assist growth of plants via dissolving phosphate, production of special compounds such as phytohormones and release of hydrolytic enzymes such as a-amylase and kitinase. This study aimed to isolate and to identify a a-amyl MoreBackground and Objectives: Rhizosphere bacteria assist growth of plants via dissolving phosphate, production of special compounds such as phytohormones and release of hydrolytic enzymes such as a-amylase and kitinase. This study aimed to isolate and to identify a a-amylase producing bacillus in rhizosphere of orange orchards and to investigate microbial activity to enzyme production in presence of different source of carbon ranges. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in order to isolation of a-amylase bacilli from rhizosphere of orange orchards located at Kerman province, Iran. After sample collection, bacteria were isolated by growing on starch agar. Several molecular (based on 16SrRNA) and biochemical methods were used to identify bacterial species. The starch rapid hydrolysis test was used to investigate amylase activity of the isolates. Additionally, the enzyme production level was studied in the presence of several carbon sources include glucose, fructose and starch ranges. Results: Molecular and biochemical analysis showed that isolated bacterium is a strain of Bacillus cereus named as Bacillus cereus MR-R3 and recorded in GeneBank under accession number of KC306945.1. Moreover, results showed that starch and glucose have the highest positive effects on alpha amylase production in the presence of 0.5 g/l and fructose have the highest effect in the presence of 0.25 g/l. Conclusion: Isolation and identification of orange orchards rhizospher-derived bacillus species considering their ability to produce a-amylase and phosphate solvation showed that the presence of this species in this region is very important. Moreover, increase in production of the enzyme after treatment with different carbon sources can be related to their gene expression induction effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Identification and evaluation of antidiabetic activity of bacteria isolated from Persian Gulf sponges
Atefeh Ansarizadeh Farshid Kafilzadeh Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi Mohammad Kargar Mohsen GozariBackground and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacter MoreBackground and purpose: Screening and identification of bacteria associated with sponges is an important step in the discovery of new drugs. The purpose of this research was to isolate and identify bacteria associated with sponges around Hormuz Island and to find bacteria that produce metabolites that inhibit the activity of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and methods: In this study, 25 samples of Haliclona and Niphatea sponges were collected from 6 stations. Identification was done based on phenotypic characteristics. Bacteria were cultured in broth nutrient medium and their secondary metabolites were extracted by ethyl acetate. The inhibition rate of metabolites against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase was evaluated based on colorimetric methods. The toxicity of metabolites against normal umbilical cord endothelial cell line was investigated. The productive bacteria were identified by polyphasic taxonomy approach. Results: A total of 105 bacteria were isolated. Vibrio and Bacillus bacteria with 32.81% and 17.19% in Haliclona sp. and 19.51% and 34.15% in Niphatea sp. The metabolites extracted from 3 isolates inhibited amylase enzyme activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.248 to 366.8 µg/ml. Also, 4 isolates produced inhibitory metabolites against alpha-glucosidase enzyme in IC50 values from 159.4 to 670.9 µg/ml. Based on the results of polyphasic identification of capable isolates including Bacillus pumilus HH 165, Pseudomonas lurida HH 124, Streptomyces sp. HN 235, Bacillus tequilensis HN 231. Conclusion: In this study, 3 strains of bacteria producing inhibitory compounds, including alpha-ambellase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes, and without cytotoxicity were identified. The mentioned bacteria can be suitable candidates in diabetes studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Improvement of Working Memory Performance by Parietal Upper Alpha Neurofeedback Training
Peyman Dehghanpour Fardad Farokhi Reza Rostami -
Open Access Article
74 - Depression Diagnosis Based on KNN Algorithm and EEG Signals
Nika Forouzandeh Maryam Saeedi Keivan Maghooli -
Open Access Article
75 - A fixed point method for proving the stability of ring $(\alpha, \beta, \gamma)$-derivations in $2$-Banach algebras
M. Eshaghi Gordji S. Abbaszadeh -
Open Access Article
76 - Fixed points of generalized $\alpha$-Meir-Keeler type contractions and Meir-Keeler contractions through rational expression in $b$-metric-like spaces
N. Gholamian -
Open Access Article
77 - On a generalization of central Armendariz rings
M. Sanaei Sh. Sahebi H. H. S. Javadi -
Open Access Article
78 - $(F,\varphi ,\alpha )_{s}$-contractions in $b$-metric spaces and applications
M. Sangurlu Sezen -
Open Access Article
79 - A new implicit iteration process for approximating common fixed points of $\alpha$-demicontraction semigroup
A. E. Ofem D. I. Igbokwe -
Open Access Article
80 - On the superstability of a special derivation
M. Hassani E. Keyhani -
Open Access Article
81 - The effect of temperature and water absorption on enzymatic degradation of starch / polyvinyl alcohol blend film by α-Amylase
Mohammad Taghi Taghizadeh Zahra Abbasi -
Open Access Article
82 - Alpha Lipoic Acid Impact on Apoptosis-Related Gene Expression in Mature Mouse Oocyte
Zahrah Khezli Saeed Zavareh Mojdeh SalehniaUtilizing antioxidants offers a promising strategy for mitigating the effects of oxidative stress. This study was designed to assess the influence of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the maturation of mouse oocytes and their apoptosis-related genes. Germinal vesicle oocytes, MoreUtilizing antioxidants offers a promising strategy for mitigating the effects of oxidative stress. This study was designed to assess the influence of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the maturation of mouse oocytes and their apoptosis-related genes. Germinal vesicle oocytes, obtained from female mice aged 6-8 weeks, were subjected to in vitro maturation. Among these, 488 oocytes were exposed to 100 μM ALA, while 506 oocytes matured without ALA over a 16-hour duration. Subsequent evaluations were conducted to determine oocyte maturation rates. A portion of the mature oocytes at the metaphase II (MII) stage underwent in vitro fertilization, while the remaining oocytes were utilized to analyze the expression of Caspase 3, Bad, Bax, and Bcl2 through real-time RT-PCR. To quantify cell numbers, resulting blastocysts were stained with DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole). The group treated with ALA exhibited significantly higher rates of MII oocytes (77.30%) and a greater proportion of embryos developing into the blastocyst stage (33.87%) in comparison with the control group (55.81% and 25.06%, respectively; P<0.05). Moreover, the average cell count within blastocysts significantly increased in the ALA-treated group (82.37) compared to the control group (68.5; P<0.05). Furthermore, the pro-apoptotic genes expression decreased significantly, while the expression of the Bcl2 gene exhibited a significant increase in the ALA-treated group in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of the maturation medium for mouse oocytes with ALA resulted in improvements in oocyte development and overall embryo quality. This effect was attributed to the downregulation of pro-apoptotic genes and the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Momordica Foetida (Cucurbitaceae) Extract Alleviates Parastar (Insecticide) -Induced Toxicity on Pancreatic and Duodenal α-amylase Activity in Male Rats
Edouard Nantia Akono Antoine Kada Sanda Faustin Pascal Manfo Tsague Aphrodite Choumessi Tchewonpi Tracy Suimula Kewir Stanley Tashi Carine Travert -
Open Access Article
84 - Study the phase transformation of Ti-6242 alloy and Determination the beta-transus temperature
علیرضا حجاری مریم مرکباتی رامین حسینی یاور منصوری مهدی عباسیThe aim of this research is to determine the beta transus temperature of two Ti-6242 alloys and to study the effect of different amount of alloying elements on alpha and beta phase stabilization by microstructural observation and hot torsion test. Determination of beta MoreThe aim of this research is to determine the beta transus temperature of two Ti-6242 alloys and to study the effect of different amount of alloying elements on alpha and beta phase stabilization by microstructural observation and hot torsion test. Determination of beta transus temperature has an important influence on designing thermomechanical and heat treatment cycles of titanium alloys. Hence, this is an effective parameter to control mechanical properties of two phase titanium alloys. In this regard, hot torsion tests were performed at temperature range of 960 °C to 1090 °C using the strain rate of 0.001 s-1 by cooling with the rate of 0.5 °C/s. besides, in order to deduce the temperature of grain boundary alpha phase nucleation and microstructural evolution, the specimens were heat treated at temperature range of 980 °C to 1020 °C for 40 minute and water quenched. It was found that, 10 % increase in Aleq/Moeq ratio, makes a 5 °C increase in beta transus temperature of the Ti-6242 alloy. Accordingly, this temperature was estimated in the temperature range of 1000 °C to 1010 °C for these alloys. Furthermore, there is a 10 °C deviation in the hot torsion test results and microstructural analysis, which is attributed to dynamic strain-induced transformation phenomenon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Effects of α1- and α2-adrenoceptor agonist and antagonist in the dorsal hippocampus on cannabinoid state-dependent memory
اعظم مشفق پروین بابایی مرتضی پیری شهربانو عریان بهرام سلطانی محمدرضا زرین دستCannabinoids are a class of psychoactive compound that produce a wide range of effects in different number of species. The present study evaluated the possible role of andalpha;1- and andalpha;2-adrenergic receptors of the dorsal hippocampus on cannabinoid induced amnes MoreCannabinoids are a class of psychoactive compound that produce a wide range of effects in different number of species. The present study evaluated the possible role of andalpha;1- and andalpha;2-adrenergic receptors of the dorsal hippocampus on cannabinoid induced amnesia and cannabinoid state-dependent memory in adult male Wistar rats. The animals were bilaterally implanted with chronic cannulae in the CA1 regions of the dorsal hippocampus, trained in a step-down type inhibitory avoidance task, and tested 24h after training to measure step-down latency. Post-training intra-CA1 injection of cannabinoid receptors agonist, WIN55,212-2 (0.25 and 0.5 andmicro;g/rat) induced amnesia. Amnesia induced by post-training WIN55,212-2 (0.5 andmicro;g/rat) was restored by pre-test administration of the same dose of WIN55,212-2. Pre-test intra-CA1 injection of phenylephrine could not affect memory but clonidine improved memory impairment induced by WIN55,212-2. Furthermore, microinjection of phenylephrine or clonidine plus an ineffective dose of WIN55,212-2, synergistically restored amnesia induced by WIN55,212-2 . On the other hand, pre-test intra CA1 microinjection of prazosin or yohimbine 2 min before WIN55,212- inhibited pre-test WIN55,212-2 response. These results indicate that andalpha;-adrenergic receptors of the dorsal hippocampal CA1 regions may play an important role in cannabinoid-induced amnesia and cannabinoid state-dependent memory. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Evaluation of the Effect of Alpha-pinene on Blood Glucose and Lipid Profiles, in Diabetic Rats
Maryam Rafieirad Abdolhassan Doulah Samira GoudarziDiabetes mellitus refers to a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of alpha-pinene on blood glucose and lipid levels in male diabetic rats. MoreDiabetes mellitus refers to a disorder in the metabolism of sugars, fats, and proteins in the body, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The present study was aimed at evaluating the effect of alpha-pinene on blood glucose and lipid levels in male diabetic rats. Forty male rats were divided into five groups of eight: control group, diabetic group, diabetic control group (receiving tween (80% alpha-solvent)) and experimental groups that in addition to becoming diabetic, the doses of 100 and 200 (mg/kg) of alpha-pinene were administered orally and daily for 14 days, respectively. Finally, blood samples were taken from all groups and their glucose and blood lipids were measured. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPSS21 software. The levels of glucose, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) in the groups receiving doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg of alpha-pinene showed a significant decrease compared to the diabetic group. High density lipoprotein (HDL) in the groups receiving different doses of alpha-pinene showed a significant increase compared to the diabetic group. These results indicate that alpha-pinene can be effective in the treatment of diabetes. The effect of this active ingredient is probably due to its antioxidant properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Inhibitory Effect of Phallusia Nigra (Savigny, 1816) Extract on Activity of Alpha –Amylase
Asmae Tajik Mousa Keshavarz Ahmad HomaeiIncreased blood sugar levels play an important role in the development of diabetes. Thus, inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme inhibits the conversion of polysaccharides to glucose or reduces it. In diabetics, this enzyme can be effective in absorbing glucose from the gas MoreIncreased blood sugar levels play an important role in the development of diabetes. Thus, inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme inhibits the conversion of polysaccharides to glucose or reduces it. In diabetics, this enzyme can be effective in absorbing glucose from the gastrointestinal tract and preventing a rapid rise in blood sugar. Ascidians are known as a group of marine fauna rich in bioactive secondary metabolites. This study was aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of alpha-amylase activity on Phallusia nigra. Specimens of P. nigra belonged to Qeshm and Hormoz islands. Under vacuum, using a rotary evaporator, the samples were extracted from polarity, i.e. ethyl acetate, methanol and water-methanol, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of alpha-amylase inhibitor activity was evaluated based on DNSA method in vitro and acarbose was used as a positive control. The results revealed that among all extracts, the highest inhibitory percentage was related to acarbose at a concentration of 2000 µg/ml equal to 69.65% and the lowest value was related to water-methanolic extract at a concentration of 500 µg/ml and equal to 15.39%. The highest inhibitory activity was observed as acarbose>ethyl acetate>methanol>water-methanol. Furthermore, the results showed a direct relationship between the level of enzyme inhibition and the concentration of extracts. In this study, ethyl acetate extract had the highest inhibitory effect of alpha-amylase enzyme with IC50 equal to 1327.244 µg/ml, followed by methanolic extract with IC50 equal to 1529.68 µg/ml. Water-methanolic extract had the lowest inhibitory effect with IC50 and equal to 2334.01 µg/ml. The inhibitory percentage of acarbose was higher than other extracts (IC50=1158.40 µg/ml). Due to the inhibitory power of P. nigra extracts, they can be used in the future in the production of anti-diabetic drugs with minimal or no adverse side effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Comparison Study of TNF-α Level in Serum and Brain Tissue in Wistar Alzheimer's Rats Treated with Probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacter Strains
Bahareh Jamalzadeh Posht Mesari Maryam Ghobeh Parichehr Yaghmaee Hanieh JafaryAlzheimer's disease is a type of brain dysfunction that gradually weakens the patient's mental abilities. Numerous studies have shown that inflammatory mechanisms also play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In this regard, targeting TNF-α usin MoreAlzheimer's disease is a type of brain dysfunction that gradually weakens the patient's mental abilities. Numerous studies have shown that inflammatory mechanisms also play a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. In this regard, targeting TNF-α using its inhibitors can be an effective therapeutic strategy in controlling and treating such diseases. The purpose of this study was a comparison study of TNF-α levels in blood serum and brain tissue in Wistar Alzheimer ҆s rats treated with probiotic Lactobacillus and Bifidobacter strains by ELISA. The number of amyloid plaques was also counted. For this purpose, 30 adults male Wistar rats were randomly distributed to 5 groups as follows (n = 6): The control group included animals receiving normal water; the Alzheimer's group who underwent surgery and became Alzheimer 's-induced by injection of beta-amyloid; Sham group who underwent surgery and was injected with water (beta-amyloid solvent); two experimental groups who underwent Alzheimer's surgery with beta-amyloid injection and each group received probiotic strains Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium longum separately at a dose of 2.5 × 109 CFU at 0.5 CC by gavage for one month. The results demonstrated that both strains, especially Bifidobacterium longum, were able to significantly (p < 0.001) reduce the amount of TNF-α in brain tissue and blood serum compared to the Alzheimer's group. Also, both strains, especially strain Bifidobacterium longum, showed notable capability of inhibiting amyloid plaques. Therefore, it seems that two probiotic strains Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Bifidobacterium longum can be good candidates to reduce the level of TNF-α in both blood serum and brain tissue and also the number of amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's-induced rats. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Investigating the Effect of Alpha-ketoglutarate on Survival and Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells
Hossein Beiranvand MAHMOOD TALKHABI Monireh Mahmoodi Ghamartaj HosseinOvarian cancer is the third most common cancer in women. Recent studies have shown that Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) has an important therapeutic role in heart and nervous diseases and cancers. In the curreny study, ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3 cell line) were obtained fr MoreOvarian cancer is the third most common cancer in women. Recent studies have shown that Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) has an important therapeutic role in heart and nervous diseases and cancers. In the curreny study, ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3 cell line) were obtained from the University of Tehran at the second passage, and cultured in a complete culture medium (1640 RPMI medium containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin / streptomycin antibiotic). MTT technique was used to evaluate cellular viability. Also, the doubling time of cell population, colony formation and migration of cells were investigated using appropriate methods. MTT assay showed that treatment of cells with AKG decreases viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Based on the MTT assay results, 120 and 60 μM AKG were selected for the next expreimets. Evaluation of population doubling time showed that both used concentrations significantly reduce cell growth (P<0.05). Colony forming assay showed that 120 and 60 μM of AKG caused a significant decrease in the number of OVCAR-3 colonies (P<0.01). The study of cell migration showed that the treatment of cells with the mentioned concentrations significantly reduces the migration of cells to the scratch area (P<0.01). The results obtained from this study show that AKG reduces the viability of ovarian cancer cells and has anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects for this cancer cells. It seems that the use of AKG along with other existing treatments can become an helpful approach for better control and treatment of ovarian cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The Effect of Walking and Consuming Boswellia serrata on the Levels of BDNF and TNFα in Older Men
M. Eskandari B. Shemshadi A. Behjat B. Hooshmand MoghadamWith increased age, the process of destruction and weakening of the functioning of the organs, including the brain, is predictable. Physical activity and proper nutrition are factors that play an important role in the health of the nervous system. Boswellia serrata is o MoreWith increased age, the process of destruction and weakening of the functioning of the organs, including the brain, is predictable. Physical activity and proper nutrition are factors that play an important role in the health of the nervous system. Boswellia serrata is one of the most important herbs in traditional medicine to enhance memory and prevent Alzheimer's disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of aerobic exercise course combined with the use of B. serrata on the amounts of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and alpha-tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) in elderly men. In this quasi-experimental study, 40 elderly men aged 60-70 yr old who were in complete physical and mental health were randomly divided into four groups (exercise, supplement, exercise + supplement, and control). Participants in the training groups participated in the aerobic walking training program for 8 and 3 wk each week. Moreover, the daily supplementary groups received B. serrata 300 mg in chewing and packaged form. The control group did not participate in any intervention during this period. Fasting blood samples were collected before and 24 h after the last intervention. Data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance and Tukey at a significance level of 0.05. In the exercise, supplementation, and exercise + supplementation groups after 8 wk, the levels of BDNF and TNFα increased and decreased significantly, respectively (P≤0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference in BDNF and TNFα levels in the exercise + supplement group compared to other groups (P≤0.01). Doing walking and consuming B. serrata independently and combined significantly increase the expression of BDNF and significantly reduce the inflammatory factors in elderly men. Therefore, it is recommended that the combination of walking and consumption B. serrata as a more effective way to maintain health and extend the cognitive and functional benefits of the brain and the nervous system to the elderly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Comparison of the effect of 17α- Hydroxy Progesterone caproate in prevention of preterm labor in twin pregnancies
Nooshin Baba pour Banafshe Oladan Marzieh MohajeriBackground and objective: There are indications that prophylactic administration of 17 alpha- hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17 alpha- OHP-C) could be beneficial in the treatment of women at risk for preterm delivery. Since twin pregnancy is commonly associated with prem MoreBackground and objective: There are indications that prophylactic administration of 17 alpha- hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17 alpha- OHP-C) could be beneficial in the treatment of women at risk for preterm delivery. Since twin pregnancy is commonly associated with prematurity the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 17α- Hydroxy Progesterone caproate in prevention of preterm labor in twin pregnancies. Methods: 66 women with twin pregnancy (33 in control and 33 in case group) were enrolled. 33 women with 16 to 20 weeks’ gestation were scheduled to receive randomly a single intramuscular injection of 250 mg of 17- OHPC every week until 30 weeks of gestation. Women in control group received no drugs. Two groups were similar considering meternal age and number of past pregnancies. Results: Mean age of women in control and progestron groups were 27.4± 3.9 and 26.5± 4.4 years. There was no significant differences between two groups in gestational age, admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), presentation of fetus, birth weight of neonatal and meternal pain and bleeding. Administration of 17α- OHP-C caused no significant decrease in preterm labor (PTL). Although there was no significant differences in neonatal apgar at 5 minutes of birth, apgar at 1 minute of birth was significantly higher in case group (P=0.011). Conclusion: The administration of 17- alpha- OHP-C thus seems ineffective in the prevention of prematurity risks associated with twin pregnancy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Effects of lead and cadmium contamination on seed germination and enzyme activities in seed corn (Zea mays L.) KSC 704
Hosain Barkand Pourangh Kasraie Hamidreza Tohidi MoghadamIn order to study of lead and cadmium effects onseed germination and enzyme activities an experiment was conducted in seed laboratory of department of agronomy in Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran in 2015 on seed corn. The experiment was installed in a completely r MoreIn order to study of lead and cadmium effects onseed germination and enzyme activities an experiment was conducted in seed laboratory of department of agronomy in Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran in 2015 on seed corn. The experiment was installed in a completely randomized design, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme with five levels of lead (0, 10, 40, 700 and 100 μM.Lit-1) by five levels cadmium application (0, 10, 40, 700 and 100 μM.Lit-1), with three replicates. The results showed that lead and cadmium effects treatment significantly for all experimental traits. Also with increased concentrations of heavy metals decreased germination percentage, germination rate , plumule dry weight, radicle dry weight, α-amylase enzyme and phosphatase enzyme activity, by contrast catalase enzyme activity was increased. Also interaction between lead and cadmium effect showed the lowest and greatest germination rate respectively 5.68 and 8.92 (Seed per day), radicle dry weight 0.34 and 0.66 (g), α-amylase enzyme 3.3 and 5.9 (IU. g FW-1) and phosphatase enzyme 0.9 and 4.3 (IU. g FW-1) activity was obtained when seed corn was exposure in 100 μM.Lit-1 to lead and cadmium used together respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Effect of pretreatment salicylic acid on germination and seedling growth in sweet corn (Zea mays L.) under salt stress conditions
Prisa Sojoodi meysam oveysi Farshad GhooshchiTo study the effect of salicylic acid pretreatment on germination and alpha-amylase enzyme activity, sweet corn seedling in salinity, physiological testing Varamin Agricultural University - master design. Sweet corn seeds, varieties Saccharata after soaking in solution MoreTo study the effect of salicylic acid pretreatment on germination and alpha-amylase enzyme activity, sweet corn seedling in salinity, physiological testing Varamin Agricultural University - master design. Sweet corn seeds, varieties Saccharata after soaking in solution (0, 0.5 and 1 mM) of salicylic acid for 24 h for germination under salt stress conditions, the paper roller dipped in a solution of NaCl concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mM) were transferred and in vitro tests. After germination, germination percentage, seedling dry weight and alpha-amylase enzyme activity was measured. Results showed that salinity reduces germination in seeds of sweet corn, and 200 mM salt concentration decreases, so 33.58 is the control of germination. Salicylic acid also was found to have a positive impact on germination as well as control and stress treatments increased germination will occur. Salicylic acid is used to increase seedling dry weight. Enzyme activity assays showed that the alpha-amylase enzyme activity in terms of reduced salinity and salicylic acid increases the activity of this enzyme, ie to reduce the effects of salinity. According to the obtained results it can be concluded that pretreatment of sweet corn seeds with salicylic acid, 1 mM Had a positive effect on germination and affects the antioxidant defense system of the plant sweet corn seedlings under salt stress is increased resistance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Effect of organic priming on germination characteristics and enzyme activity of Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis L.) under drought stress conditions
Roma Kalhor Monfared M.N Ilkaei فرزاد PaknejadPlant germination and establishment is one of the challenges of farmers in arid and semi-arid areas, and organic priming is a suitable solution to reduce environmental pollution caused by the use of chemical inputs. For this purpose, a factorial research was carried out MorePlant germination and establishment is one of the challenges of farmers in arid and semi-arid areas, and organic priming is a suitable solution to reduce environmental pollution caused by the use of chemical inputs. For this purpose, a factorial research was carried out in the form of a completely randomized design on the seeds of Lemon balm (Melissa Officinalis L.) in three replications in the seed technology laboratory of the Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch. The treatments of this experiment include five levels of priming (chitosan, humic acid, vermicompost, distilled water and control (no prime)) and four levels of drought stress (0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 Mpa). The results showed that drought stress decreased the germination percentage, growth, and quality of lemongrass seedlings in non-prime conditions, and as the intensity of drought stress increased, the growth of seedlings decreased. Chitosan, humic acid, and vermicompost priming was more effective than distilled water priming (hydropriming) in increasing germination characteristics and coping with drought stress, and reduced the negative effects of drought stress. Seed priming with the mentioned treatments caused a decrease in proline concentration and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme activity. Priming with humic acid and vermicompost in non-stress conditions led to 19.52% and 19.93% germination increase in lemon balm respectively, compared to the treatment without priming and 0.9 MPa drought stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition Capability of α-glucosidase of Extracts of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis
Naemeh Eskandari fatemeh ghamari Maryam Moslehi shadMedicinal herbs are rich sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity and they can also retard the absorption of glucose by the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and is one of the therapeutic approaches to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. Th MoreMedicinal herbs are rich sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity and they can also retard the absorption of glucose by the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes and is one of the therapeutic approaches to decrease postprandial hyperglycemia. This research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extract of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis. Plant extracts were performed using the maceration process by ethanol and antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS•+ radical scavenging assay and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with pNPG substrate at different concentrations of the extracts (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL) were performed. Results revealed that increasing the concentration of ethanolic extract of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis yielded a higher antiradical activity. For antiradical activity, IC50 values of the ethanolic extract of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis were calculated as 52.90 and 68.00 mg/mL, respectively, which represents the ethanolic extract of Malva neglecta has more antiradical activity. The results showed that increasing the concentration of ethanolic extract of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis caused a significant increment in the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Data showed that alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity by the ethanolic extract of Malva neglecta (IC50 = 76.17 mg/mL) was significantly higher than the ethanolic extract of Althaea officinalis (IC50 = 304.12 mg/mL). Generally, the results of this research showed that ethanolic extracts of Malva neglecta and Althaea officinalis due to their inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase and antioxidant properties can be used as substitutes for chemical food additives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - A review on Iranian Echium amoenum Fisch & C.A. Mey.
Noraddin Hosseinpour azad Hamed Arastegi Marani Shima BourangIntroduction: The Boraginaceae family has about 2,000 species of plants in 100 genera. The plants of this family grow in all temperate and warm regions, especially the Mediterranean region and North and South Africa, Europe, the Canary Islands, and East Asia. Iran is on MoreIntroduction: The Boraginaceae family has about 2,000 species of plants in 100 genera. The plants of this family grow in all temperate and warm regions, especially the Mediterranean region and North and South Africa, Europe, the Canary Islands, and East Asia. Iran is one of the important sources of germplasm reserves of a type of plant in this family commonly called Gol Gav Zaban. This plant with the scientific name of Echium amoenum grows in mountainous areas up to 2500 meters above sea level. In order to have full and integrated access to the information on these plants, it is necessary to provide the necessary information in the form of review articles to farmers and researchers.Experimental: In this research, focusing on some keywords related to this plant such as: botany, chemical compounds, medicinal properties, cultivation method and biotechnology, related articles extracted from scientific sites Like Science direct and PubMed, then used as necessary information.Results and Disscussion: According to the information obtained, in traditional medicine, the petals of this plant are used as a diuretic, analgesic, diaphoretic, and blood pressure reducer. it oilseeds are rich in essential fatty acids such as alpha-linoleic and gamma-linoleic, which are the necessary precursor in the structure of prostaglandins involved in the synthesis of the myelin wall, therefore is used in the preparation of medicinal supplements to prevent neurological diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS).Extension:Due to the nativeness of this plant and its adaptation to most climates of the country, it is one of the potentials in the development of medicinal plants. With the development of cultivation, it is possible to supply a wide range of active ingredients of medicines offered in pharmacies, And can facilitate self-sufficiency in the pharmaceutical fields. Manuscript profile
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