Effect of altitude on essential oil composition in different gender of Juniperus communis ssp. hemisphaerica growing wild in Amol

Subject Areas : Medicinal Plants

Ali Rostaefar ¹ , Abbas Hassani ² , Fatemeh Sefidkon ³

1 - Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia
2 - 2Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 - Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2017-03-24 Accepted : 2018-08-22 Published : 2018-05-22

Keywords: Essential oil, Amol, Altitude, &alpha, -Pinene, Juniperus communis L. ssp. hemisphaerica, Sabinene,

Abstract :

Juniperus communis L. ssp. hemisphaerica is a dioeciously wild growing shrub, which is belonged to Cupressaceae family and could found in the Alborz Mountain in north of Iran. The essential oil of Juniper is used as anti-depressant, anti-rheumatic, anti-spasmodic, carminative, antidiabetic, appetizer and diuretic properties. In this research the effects of altitude on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the essential oil in different gender of this plant was investigated. The aerial part of different gender were harvested from two altitudes (2200 and 2700 m) in summer 2011. The essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results were showed that the foliage of male plants in both altitude contained higher oil content (2.74%-2.85%) than the female plants (2.20%-2.59%). The α-pinene and sabinene were the main components of essential oils in both foliages, but the highest amount of α-pinene (48.81%) and sabinene (44.47%) were observed in 2200 m in both foliage's, respectively. Monoterpenes were the main compounds, which identified in these essential oils.

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