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Open Access Article
1 - Presenting a Model for Identifying the Dimensions and Components of Personal Marketing Skills of Faculty Members (Case Study: Ardabil Universities)
Mohsen Shirpour Sadraddin Sattari Rasoul VazifehBackground: The university provides higher education and research with the aim of promoting, transferring knowledge and training human resources in various fields of science and technology. This requires capable faculty. Therefore, some faculty members are looking for p MoreBackground: The university provides higher education and research with the aim of promoting, transferring knowledge and training human resources in various fields of science and technology. This requires capable faculty. Therefore, some faculty members are looking for personal marketing, branding and excellence in the region, province or country. Objective: The purpose of this study is to "provide a model for personal marketing of university faculty members" in the spatial territory of Ardabil province between 1396 to 1399. Methods: The research method was a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Qualitative information was collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 marketing experts and faculty members from public and private universities in Ardabil province, and was designed with coding, dimensions and components of research, identification, and the initial research model. Using this model and the findings of the qualitative section, a questionnaire was designed whose validity was confirmed by convergent validity and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha. The sample consisted of 373 other faculty members from public and private universities in the province. Using the structural equation model, the dimensions of the personal marketing model of the faculty members of Ardabil universities were found. Findings: Based on the findings of the structural equation model, the components of executive skills (0.813), scientific skills (0.886) and attitude skills (0.783) are among the personal marketing skills of faculty members. Also, the fit of the model indicates the desirability of the research model. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that university faculty members need to acquire scientific, executive and attitude skills to achieve personal skills. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Surveying and Assessing the role of the Media on Urban Tourism Development Using path analysis techniques
Ebrahim Alipour MOHAMMAD HASAN YAZDANI AHAD BIOUTEH AMIR HESAM DASHTITourism industry has significant and noticeable financial and social effects ( on society). In the meantime the mass media especially the television due to its capacities and functionalities such as informing the people ,education, entertainment ,satisfaction ,advertise MoreTourism industry has significant and noticeable financial and social effects ( on society). In the meantime the mass media especially the television due to its capacities and functionalities such as informing the people ,education, entertainment ,satisfaction ,advertisement, common mobilization and making culture can play a peerless role in tourism industry. The present research tries to declare the relation between the tourism advancement and also indexes relevant to media in Ardebil and Sarein cities. This research is fundamental due to its goal and the type of research and it describes the correlation between the variables and it has used the measurement method in its research execute .For sampling the simple random sampling method has been applied. The results of path analysis in this research shows that variables of target selection ,advertisement are the variables that directly affect on developing urban tourism .But, since the advertisement variable has been entered immediately in the equation immediately after the variable of tourism development as the internal dependant variable , so it has not any indirect effect on urban tourism development. The amount of direct impact of target selection ,advertisement and plan on the variable of urban tourism development are respectively ./289 , ./223, and ./213 which shows that for one unit change on the variable of target selection and advertisement the amount of urban tourism development has been changed respectively to ./289, ./223, ./213 . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Relationship between the use of Computer Games and Aggression in Children in Ardabil City
ali jafari manzar movaqarThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between use of computer games and aggression in children in Ardabil. The research method of achieving the goal, is functional and correlation - survey and research tool is the questionnaire.The statistical population incl MoreThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between use of computer games and aggression in children in Ardabil. The research method of achieving the goal, is functional and correlation - survey and research tool is the questionnaire.The statistical population include allthe8- to12-year- old children of Ardabil (in 1394)that according to registration documents their numberwere 64 209 people. The sampling method in the study was simple random sampling and multistage cluster sampling. The sample size was calculated 398 people using the formula Cochrane. Data collection method was using questionnaire and the data collected then analyzed using SPSS software.Analysis was conducted at two levels: the first level of description where the indexes like frequency indexand ...were used and Level of inferential statistics in which statistical tests, Pearson and regression were used. the results showed that between Independent variables(The time of computer games, Type computer games , The rate of computer games, The violence in computer games, Characters in computer games) and aggression in children strong and direct relationship between parental monitoring of kids computer games and aggression in children and there is a strong inverse relationship. relationship between parental monitoring of kids computer games and aggression in children and there is a strong inverse relationship Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Comparative Comparison of Common Animal Motifs in the Sheikh Safi Al-Din Complex (Safavid Period) and the Shrine of Imam Reza (AS) (Qajar Period): An intertextual Approach
Roya Esmi Habib Shahbazi Shiran -
Open Access Article
5 - Qadf: Reviewing Muhaqeq Ardabili's Viewpoints and its Application to Islamic Penal Code of 2013
fateme koohmishi mansour amirzadeh jirkoli hosain saberiOne of the most important crimes against peoples' spiritual personalities is qadf (accusation of adultery or sodomy to a person) upon which there is a controversy among scholars in its related rulings. The majority of Imamiyah Jurisprudents considered it to be a crime c MoreOne of the most important crimes against peoples' spiritual personalities is qadf (accusation of adultery or sodomy to a person) upon which there is a controversy among scholars in its related rulings. The majority of Imamiyah Jurisprudents considered it to be a crime confined to the words, while some scholars such as Ardabili consider it beyond the words. Seemingly, Ardabili's viewpoints include the contemporary methods and the article 246 of the Islamic Penal Code is adaptable to Ardabili's standpoint. Deploying an analytical-descriptive method, the current research is carried out. Having investigated the concept of qadf and having proposed the scholars' popular opinions, the researchers reviewed Ardabili's viewpoint to investigate issues of qadf the researchers try to know that what is Ardabili's viewpoint controversy to the majority of scholars' and how much is the Islamic Penal code applicable to Ardabili's viewpoint? The findings of the research reveal that although the law-maker has followed the majority of Imamoyah scholar's opinions, it has approved Ardabili's viewpoint in some issues such as the method of attributing qadf. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analyzing the development of cultural and social trends affecting the general and public atmosphere of Ardabil province
Mohsen AlaieCulture and cultural management are among the things that are considered as the main axis and foundation of sustainable economic development. Culture, as a set of beliefs, attitudes and heart beliefs of a group and society, constitutes their way of life. When the societ MoreCulture and cultural management are among the things that are considered as the main axis and foundation of sustainable economic development. Culture, as a set of beliefs, attitudes and heart beliefs of a group and society, constitutes their way of life. When the society's way of life is based on a strong scientific and developed culture, it is easy to build the foundations of sustainable development. Based on this, in this article, an attempt is made to investigate and study the influential cultural currents from the point of view of managers and experts in relation to the factors and influential cultural-social currents governing Ardabil province. The main results of this analysis, using Q factor analysis was performed on the participants, four main mental groups were obtained from the perspective of the managers and experts of the province regarding the cultural currents of Ardabil province. The first group, which constitutes 23% of the respondents, expressed the existence of social harms in Ardabil province. are dissatisfied. The second group, which constitutes 37% of the responding managers and experts, have not expressed dissatisfaction with the cultural trends of Ardabil province. They have evaluated the province's culture in the political field. Finally, the fourth group, which constitutes 17% of the respondents, believes that the guardian of religious propaganda should be a specific organization. They are against the fact that the cultural products of Ardabil province have been able to respond to the cultural and value gaps of our country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Assessing the sense of neighborhood affinity by increasing citizen participation in neighborhood development projects (Case study: PirMadar neighborhood, Ardebil)
Ata Ghaffari ghilandeh Reza Hashemimasoomabadthe main purpose of the present research Assessing the sense of neighborhood feeling with Increasing citizen participation in neighborhood development projects Is within the boundaries of the Pir Madar neighborhood in Ardebil. The present study is an applied objective a Morethe main purpose of the present research Assessing the sense of neighborhood feeling with Increasing citizen participation in neighborhood development projects Is within the boundaries of the Pir Madar neighborhood in Ardebil. The present study is an applied objective and is of descriptive-analytical type in terms of its nature and in terms of data collection method is a survey method. The statistical population of this study is the residents of the Pir Madar neighborhood, district 5 of region1 of Ardebil which in 2017 includes5294 people. Also, the sample size of 358 and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient were 0.89. Finally, at the stage of data analysis, To measure the status quo of partnership and neighborhood sense from T test, To examine the relationship between partnership in neighborhood development from Pearson Correlation Coefficient Test And to investigate the relationship between individual characteristics with neighborhood sense and willingness to participate The Chi-square test (Chi-square / Double Qi) In the form of Spss software is used. The results indicate a significant relationship between increasing the sense of neighborhood affinity with the degree of readiness to participate in community development projects. And finally, suggestions have been made. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Multi-Criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution in Prioritization of Spatial Development (Case Study: Townships of Ardabil)
Farhad Barandak ali hoseiniThe use of quantitative methods and mathematical models is inevitable to facilitate understanding the intricacies of issues and problem the areas, due to component-oriented attitude to issues. Since the regional planning requires understanding of different areas positio MoreThe use of quantitative methods and mathematical models is inevitable to facilitate understanding the intricacies of issues and problem the areas, due to component-oriented attitude to issues. Since the regional planning requires understanding of different areas position to each other in terms of development, the aim of this study is using the component-oriented approach to evaluate the development of Ardabil townships. There are many indicators to measure the situation of development of regions. Each of these indicators are valuable and important that are used with respect to the objectives and methods. This study takes action to measure the development condition and comparative comparison of the parameters of different parts of development in townships of Ardebil province uses 60 indicators (in sectors health, infrastructure, cultural and economic). The research method is descriptive - analytical that is used Multi-attribute technique to data analysis. In accordance with the overall results achieved, the development condition of the townships of Ardabil province is unbalanced and this situation is evident in various development sectors (health, infrastructural, cultural and economic). The minimum value of the standard deviation and amplitude the development of townships has been assessed in economic sector that reflect the relative closeness of townships is in this part of the development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - "Study of the effect of urban regeneration on the development of social capital" (Case study: Ardabil Aliqapoo sidewalk)
mohsen alaei bousjina general term that includes other concepts such as improvement, renovation, reconstruction, empowerment and lubrication of worn-out tissues in public urban spaces. On the other hand, urban space is a suitable platform for urban activities and a place for social interac Morea general term that includes other concepts such as improvement, renovation, reconstruction, empowerment and lubrication of worn-out tissues in public urban spaces. On the other hand, urban space is a suitable platform for urban activities and a place for social interactions and a basis for the formation and development of social capital. The development of social capital strengthens values such as solidarity, solidarity, unity, cooperation and public participation. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of urban regeneration on the development, progress and promotion of social capital. At this stage, first the required data were collected from the selected statistical population using a survey study method and a questionnaire technique (two researcher-made questionnaires, one social capital questionnaire and the other urban regeneration questionnaire), after classification. And extraction, with the usual statistical methods and using SPSS software, were measured and analyzed scientifically. The statistical population of this research, by interviewing people over 18 to 60 years old, with different forms of space occupation such as use, living and working on the Alıqpoo sidewalk ın Ardabil and in the spring and summer of 1399-99 has been selected. 130 samples were selected using random sampling method. The results show that the urban regeneration of Alıqapo sidewalk in Ardabil has a positive and significant effect on the development of social capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Study of the effects of lifestyle changes and its consequences on rural production and development, case study: Ardabil rural
ارسطو یاری حصار وکیل حیدری ریحانه نارینیAbstractToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can seen this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urbans. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in MoreAbstractToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can seen this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urbans. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different arena and also Influence on the process and its outcomes. this article is try to study and evaluate the changing of lifestyle indexes and its affect on quality of life and also on mode of production in rurals of Ardabil province. This research is correlational kinds of research and analyzing of data has been done by both quantitative and qualitative methods. The information has been gathered by means of questioner technique. The sample society consisted of villages in ardabil which includes 16 villages and 320 people. Rural sample selected by clustrd method and housholds seslected by systematic random methods. The result of this study shows that ther is significant relationship between using of media and social networks with lifestyle change in our case study. The socio cultural cange in Ardabil rurals are much more than changing in production mode also. Developing od aaeducational infrastructure spacially between producers and farmers and also producing new methods of marketing and production of information about rural lifestyle in syberic space can lead changes to desired point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A Study of the Effects of Lifestyle Changes and its Consequences on Rural Production and Development (Case of Study: Ardabil Rural Areas)
Arastoo Yari Hesar Vakil Heydari Reyhaneh NariniToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can see this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urban. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different MoreToday, relationships and lifestyle changes has become to an important matter, especially in traditional societies. We can see this changes better in the rural societies compared to the urban. There is no doubt this change and evolutions has important affect in different arena and also Influence on the process and its outcomes. This article is try to study and evaluate the changing of lifestyle indexes and its effect on quality of life and also on mode of production in rural areas of Ardabil province. This research is correlational kinds of research and analyzing of data has been done by both quantitative and qualitative methods. The information has been gathered by means of questioner technique. The sample society consisted of villages in Ardabil which includes 16 villages and 320 people. Rural sample selected by cluster method and households selected by systematic random methods. The result of this study shows that there is significant relationship between using of media and social networks with lifestyle change in our case study. The socio cultural change in Ardabil rural are much more than changing in production mode also. Developing educational infrastructure especially between producers and farmers and also producing new methods of marketing and production of information about rural lifestyle in cyber space can lead changes to desired point. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Analysis of the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens (Case study: Ardabil city)
ahmad aftab Ebrahim Alipourthe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through Morethe aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between visual appearance and behavior of citizens is the emphasis on the Ardabil. The study type was applied and the descriptive-analytical and correlation method was applied. Accordingly, the data collected through questionnaires in a sample size of 50 directors, assistants and technicians working in the field of architecture, urban planning and beautification of Ardabil Town Hall and Ardabil faculty. And analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis using SPSS statistical software has been The results show that the visual appearance and comfort of the city and there is a positive relationship. The results of multiple regression analysis, we can conclude that the visual appearance of indicators greater impact on peace with 0.533 to 0.128 citizens and the least impact on the orientation of the city is. What citizens expect from Ardabil supplying the visual appearance of peace, security, and help prevent Vandalism in orientation and ongoing reforms in the city of Ardabil, urban landscape identity to the place of religious, cultural and tourism to be tailored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Determining satisfaction with the quality of life in Urban Distressed Areas and Evaluating its relationship with social trust (Case Study of Jajyn Neighborhood Ardabil)
Borhan Veysi Nab فریدون بابایی اقدمthis research approach is Descriptive - analysis Follows three major goals, the first goal is to determine the state of social trust in distressed areas Jajyn, The second objective survey of satisfaction with the quality of life in distressed areas Jajyn, And (iii) the Morethis research approach is Descriptive - analysis Follows three major goals, the first goal is to determine the state of social trust in distressed areas Jajyn, The second objective survey of satisfaction with the quality of life in distressed areas Jajyn, And (iii) the relationship between social trust of citizens satisfied with the quality of life. First, a questionnaire that included items related to social trust and quality of life variables were developed, The validity and reliability of expert opinion through Cronbach's alpha coefficient was measured. Then through sampling (Cochran method) of 364 questionnaires were distributed to meet the assumptions of the research community and they are more job these people are employees. Among the items related to the quality of life for the greatest satisfaction about the quality of drinking water with an average 3/99 and And in second place with an average of 3/94 is having a sense of belonging to the neighborhood. Most people also dissatisfaction about the quality of their housing units with an average of 2/58. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The hydropolitic of Aras river border and its effect on the security of Ardabil province.
Hamidreza Paknejad motaki Abdolreza Faraji rad.The political relations of the countries with common marine domains have been involved a crisis because of inadequacy of water in the world and low rainfall rate in different parts of the world and irregular population growth and the ever-increasing need to water. There MoreThe political relations of the countries with common marine domains have been involved a crisis because of inadequacy of water in the world and low rainfall rate in different parts of the world and irregular population growth and the ever-increasing need to water. Therefore some important international organizations like United Nations organization and UNESCO has named the 21st century as the hydropolitic century. Iran with 1/648/195 km2 width and more than 1/4 of its land is desert. So this climatic condition made this country as one of the low rainfall zone in the world. From 1335 decade (Iran's 1st census) to 1385 decade, Iran's population has grown more than 4 times. This rapid growth of population increases Iran's water needs. 24 border rivers flow in Iran. The most important and the longest one is Aras Border River which the main part of it has located in Ardabil province. Aras river sources were from Turkey that after passing Armenia, flows in Iran. Then it travels a very long distance along with Iran and republic of Azerbaijan borders. Afterward it enters Azerbaijan land. At last it flows in Caspian sea. Ardabil province, specially the fields of Ardabil and moghan cities are depending on the water of Aras border river, strongly. The high population growth in this province and the influx of immigrants from other cities of country has increased the need of more water of this region in order to provide food. Because of the existence of Aras river sources in Turkey, the lack of a suitable legal regime in using of Aras zone and the population's future needs for more food and drinking water, it will be anticipated that the political security of this region has been crisised and the root of these crisises are the border water and the hydropolitic of region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment from the point of view of the residents of Mehr Housing with emphasis on the physical-visual dimension(case study: Ardabil city)
Elham Nouri Imani Asghar Malak Fazli ahmad saeidniaIntroduction and purpose of the research: In this study, while measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment, it is tried to examine the feedback of Mehr housing policy in various dimensions, including the physical dimension of incompatibility MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: In this study, while measuring the satisfaction of the quality of the residential environment, it is tried to examine the feedback of Mehr housing policy in various dimensions, including the physical dimension of incompatibility and appropriateness of spatial features and the distance of these sites from the center. The city of Ardabil, which itself needs costly and long-term infrastructure, as well as the social problems of the Mehr Housing Project in Ardabil, which did not have a special social context due to its remoteness from the city. Attention has been paid to the social fabric of its inhabitants and the social damage caused to it, and it has lacked an urban identity. Method: The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytical and survey method according to the nature of the work. The main focus of this research is applied. The statistical population is the residents of Mehr housing complexes in Ardabil. According to the Cochran's formula, 374 samples were selected and distributed based on simple random method. Results: The findings showed that the physical dimension with an average of 3.014 and the visual dimension with an average of 3.076 is optimal. Conclusion: The results of the forthcoming research show that the level of satisfaction with the quality of Mehr housing has been evaluated at a moderate to high level. It should be noted that creating the necessary grounds for strengthening the participation of residents in managing the affairs of their residential neighborhood, creating grounds for strengthening social interactions and strengthening the sense of belonging to the place are effective aspects of increasing residential quality that should be given serious attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Assessing urban seismic vulnerability(A case study of Ardabil City)
Aziz Donyadideh rasoul samadzadeh Ali PanahiIntroduction and Aim: Due to the devastating effects of earthquakes, it is essential to understand the potential risks and develop strategies to minimize their impact. The aim of this research is to analyze the vulnerability of Ardabil City in Iran to the risk of earthq MoreIntroduction and Aim: Due to the devastating effects of earthquakes, it is essential to understand the potential risks and develop strategies to minimize their impact. The aim of this research is to analyze the vulnerability of Ardabil City in Iran to the risk of earthquakes. The study focuses on the five regions of Ardabil City. Methodology: The research is applied and descriptive-analytical in methodology. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized for data analysis, which weighs four criteria and 19 sub-criteria. The information layers in Arc GIS software were combined together to produce a map of vulnerable areas. Findings: The findings indicate that planning and land-use criteria are crucial factors in assessing the vulnerability of Ardabil City. The structural and natural criteria also play a role in the seismic vulnerability of the city. The study shows that the northern, northwestern, eastern, and central parts of Ardabil City are more vulnerable to the risk of earthquakes. Conversely, the southern part of the city is considered the most resistant. Conclusion: The results indicate that nearly 30% of urban spaces have moderate to high vulnerability to earthquake risk, while around 50% are exposed to high vulnerability. This suggests that the physical structure of these areas is not suitable to manage a crisis caused by seismic activity. In conclusion, this research presents valuable insights into the risk of earthquakes in Ardabil City. The findings can inform the development of mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of earthquakes and protect the local community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Evaluating the Components Affecting Social bonds in Ardabil Neighborhood Center
SARA ALAM Vahid Vaziri Ali rezaiisharifIntroduction and Purpose: The center of historical and ancient neighborhoods has specific identity and physical characteristics. But, due to the development of the cities and increase in population and changes in the urban context, numerous traffic problems and congesti MoreIntroduction and Purpose: The center of historical and ancient neighborhoods has specific identity and physical characteristics. But, due to the development of the cities and increase in population and changes in the urban context, numerous traffic problems and congestion and noise, and environmental pollution have been created. This study investigates the extent of people's social connections in the historical context and center of urban neighborhoods. In this regard, the theoretical foundation of Travis Hirsch has been considered as the framework of the research, and the extent of social connections of individuals in Ardebil neighborhood center and its relationship with people's residence have also been studied. Method: To measure social connections in neighborhoods, the researcher-made questionnaire technique for 398 residents of historical neighborhoods and new settlements, and components such as neighborhood attachment, neighborhood commitment, neighborhood social participation, and belief in neighborhood values were used. In the analysis, using Pearson's correlation method, the relationship between components and its impact on the level of consensus of individuals in neighborhoods were studied and using multivariate analysis of variance, neighborhoods were compared. Findings: Results showed that there was a significant relationship between attachment components, social interactions, commitment to neighborhood values and beliefs; and the attachment component has a higher impact on the amount of social bonds people have with urban spaces, especially neighborhood centers than other neighborhoods. In comparing the relationship, there were significant relationships among the location and the attachment components and commitment and social interactions; and belief component had no significant relationship with the individuals' residence. Given that there was a high degree of satisfaction with the new settlements compared to the historical context, it is necessary to pay more attention to historical contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Analyzing Spatial Justice of Counties in Ardabil Province Based on VIKOR Model in Terms of Sanitary-Therapeutic Indices
Hasan Esmaeilzadeh Leila MasoumiIntroduction & Research Objectives: Today’s world depends, more than any other period, on diverse services in line with spatial justice. The reasons for such a dependency lie in increasing urbanization, physical development of cities and the complexity of thei MoreIntroduction & Research Objectives: Today’s world depends, more than any other period, on diverse services in line with spatial justice. The reasons for such a dependency lie in increasing urbanization, physical development of cities and the complexity of their space-frame structures, deepening and expansion of the socio-economic division of labor and, finally, spread of infections and diseases related to mentioned factors. Sanitary-therapeutic services is of paramount importance to improve public health and the quality of life. Analyzing spatial justice in the counties of Ardabil Province in terms of sanitary-therapeutic services seems to be the most significant purpose of the current research. Method: The methodology used in this paper is descriptive-analytical. Library-based method has been utilized for collecting data. For data analysis, firstly a conventional descaling method was applied for normalizing and homogenizing the data. Then, indices weighting was conducted by using Shannon Entropy Coefficient. Lastly, rating the counties of the Province was done based on VIKOR model. Conclusion: Considering the results and ratings of different counties in Ardabil Province in each index, one can argue that the indices of sanitary-therapeutic services analyzed in this research did not show a just and appropriate distribution among different counties. Put differently, in the counties of Ardabil Province, there are irregularities of distribution of sanitary-therapeutic services centers. The results drawn from the calculations of VIKOR model showed that Ardabil and Parsabad were relatively wealthy counties while Kosar, Nir and Sareyn were known to be deprived ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A serological study of antibodies to H9N2 Avain Influenza Virus in Human Population of Ardabil area, Iran
آیدین عزیزپور سعید بکائی نریمان شیخی شهرام حبیب زادهOrthomixoviridae family viruses (Influenza viruses) are major cause of death in human withrespiratory diseases. Although avian influenza in iranian chickens are associated with H9N2subtype, there was not any study for seroprevalence of H9N2 avian influenza virus in huma MoreOrthomixoviridae family viruses (Influenza viruses) are major cause of death in human withrespiratory diseases. Although avian influenza in iranian chickens are associated with H9N2subtype, there was not any study for seroprevalence of H9N2 avian influenza virus in human ofardabil area as yet. This study was to carried out to determined antibodies to H9N2 avianinfluenza virus in different human populations during November to February 2010 in Ardabilarea, which is situated in the northwest of Iran.Antibodies against H9N2 virus were measuredusing HI test in 311 sera from two populations (patient and healthy) with different sex and agegroupsincluding 86 serum samples of patients hospitalized with clinical symptoms ofrespiratory disease, 88 sera of patients hospitalized without respiratory complications , 41 seraof veterinarian and vaccinators, 44 sera of hospitalized medical personnel who related to healthprofession, and 52 sera of farmers, poultry-farm and slaughter-house workers. Data wasevaluated with SPSS.The results of the HI test showed that in patients: 37.2% with 22.03±10.74titer of the patients hospitalized with clinical symptoms of respiratory disease and 23.9% with21.88±10.41 from patients hospitalized without respiratory complications, in healthy: 29.3%with 21.14±10.59 titer from veterinarian and vaccinators, 18.2% with 20.00±10.00 titer fromhospitalized medical personnel who related to health profession and15.4% with 26.02±11.35titer from farmers ,poultry-farm and slaughter-house workers were positive (HI titers ≥1/20).Seroprevalence of 27.0% and 23.6% were determined in male and female, respectively(P≥0.05).The highest and lowest seroprevalence among four age-groups of two humanpopulations (patient and healthy) were observed in 30≤ (26.5%) and 46-60 (22.4%) years,respectively, (P≥0.05). According to results of this study, different groups of humans werecontacted with H9N2 avian influenza virus that the highest contact was detected in patientshospitalized with respiratory complication and in regard to occupation was observed inveterinarian and vaccinators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Molecular analysis and infection Determination of visceral leishmaniasis in asymptomatic dogs in Meshkin-Shahr Ardabil province, northwestern Iran
روزبه Taslimian بهار Shemshadi عادل Spotin R. Fotouhi Ardakani نرمین najfzadehLeishmania infantum parasite is the main causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) which threatens a wide range of humans and dogs in Iran. Our objective was to investigate Leishmania parasite species in Ardebil Province a well-known VL foci targeting ITS-rDNA gene MoreLeishmania infantum parasite is the main causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) which threatens a wide range of humans and dogs in Iran. Our objective was to investigate Leishmania parasite species in Ardebil Province a well-known VL foci targeting ITS-rDNA gene, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Vacuum EDTA tubes were used for blood collection of asymptomatic dogs using non-invasive methods in Ardabil, northwestern Iran in August 2019. Phenol-chloroform DNA extraction, ITS-rDNA gene PCR and sequencing were performed. Leishmania species was accurately identified based on sequences and Maximum likelihood phylogenic analyzes. 11 of 31 asymptomatic dogs were definitively infected with L. infantum. Under 5 years old age group had the highest infection rate, which showed that this group is more sensitive to VL in this area and also the infection was mainly observed in male sheepdogs. These findings show that non-invasive sampling and molecular methods are reliable and convenient in the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Regarding the 35.5% infection ratio in the area control and monitoring measures of human individuals and canine reservoirs should be taken to consideration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - A Serological survey of H5, H7 and H9 Subtypes of avian influenza viruses in domestic geeses and ducks of rural areas around Neor Lake in Ardabil province, Iran
آیدین AzizpourInfluenza viruses are an acute respiratory, highly contagious and zoonotic disease which belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. H9 subtype in the group of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) and H5 and H7 Subtypes in the group of high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) MoreInfluenza viruses are an acute respiratory, highly contagious and zoonotic disease which belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family. H9 subtype in the group of low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) and H5 and H7 Subtypes in the group of high pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), which cause mild to very severe disease with 100% mortality in birds. Considering that Neor Lake, located in the southeast of Ardabil, is the habitat of migratory waterfowl birds, and there is a possibility of contact these birds with native poultry in rural areas. Therefore, the present study was conducted to survey the serological prevalence of avian influenza viruse H5, H7 and H9 subtypes in domestic geeses and ducks of the rural areas around Neor Lake in Ardabil province, northwest of Iran. The cross-sectional study was conducted from August to November of 2016. In this survey, 115 blood samples were collected from rural domestic goose and duck. Serum samples were examined by HI test for differentiate H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of viruse and sera with titers ≥4 (log2) were considered positive. The results of this study showed that 17.95% of goose sera and 26.32% of duck sera were positive for H9N2 subtype of influenza virus. 5.26% of the duck sera were positive for H5N1 influenza virus. All tested sera were negative for H5N2, H7N1 and H7N7 avian influenza viruses. Regarding to relatively high sero-prevalence of H9N2 virus and as well as the low sero contamination of H5N1 virus in domestic rural ducks and geese, any direct or indirect contact of these birds with other poultry and human can spread the viruses. It is necessary to implement strict control programs such as continuous monitoring of circulating influenza viruses and vaccination in native ducks and geese of infected rural areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Projection of Quantitative Changes in Groundwater of Ardabil Plain under the Climatic Stresses Based on Precipitation and Runoff
Kurosh Azad Jelodarlu Amin SadeqiIn this study, quantitative changes of groundwater resources were projected in Ardabil plain using HadGEM2-ES climatic output and Eureqa artificial intelligence tools for the three future periods (1418-1400, 1438-1420 and 1440-1458) under three emission scenarios (RCP2. MoreIn this study, quantitative changes of groundwater resources were projected in Ardabil plain using HadGEM2-ES climatic output and Eureqa artificial intelligence tools for the three future periods (1418-1400, 1438-1420 and 1440-1458) under three emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). The results showed that the largest decrease in discharge in summer will be 27%, while the increase in surface runoff in winter is expected to be 12%. The reason for this is the continuation of global warming, which will lead to faster melting of winter snow. The results of the models indicated a decrease in groundwater level in all months of the year in future periods, which has been significant in all periods-scenarios. The groundwater level will decrease between, on average, 1.2m to 3.2m. Reduction rainfall and discharge in the summer - which coincides with the growing season - will also intensify the increase in groundwater harvesting. This will exacerbate the water crisis in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Spatio-Temporal Dynamic of Urban Green Space Using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (Case Study: Ardabil City)
Ata Ghaffari Gilandeh soghra poornosrat ali azizi Bahram ImaniBackground and Objective: Rapid urbanization and constructions are considered as the main cause of many environmental problems on the earth, especially in urban areas. Todays, functional and structural roles of green spaces have been emphasized further in improvement of MoreBackground and Objective: Rapid urbanization and constructions are considered as the main cause of many environmental problems on the earth, especially in urban areas. Todays, functional and structural roles of green spaces have been emphasized further in improvement of urban ecosystem. As green space is one of the most important classes of land use in urban ecosystem, studying its changes is an important step in order to improve human-dominant ecosystems.Method: In this study, remote sensing and geographical information system were used in order to investigate spatio-temporal changes of urban green space in Ardabil city. To achieve the mentioned purpose, Landsat satellite images including TM-1987, ETM+-2000 and OLI- 2014 were used.Findings: Results indicate that green spaces in Ardabil city have intensely decreased during the investigated time and in the during past 27 years about 1507 hectares of the green spaces of this region have been constructed and only 8 per cent of the city is covered by green space.Discussion and Conclusion: Results show intensive changes in spatio-temporal green space pattern in Ardabil city. In order to prevent further destruction and elimination of urban green spaces, along with improving it in Ardabil City, the existent policies should be revised. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Designing of a successful management of green human resources with the use of explanatory-structural attitude (Study case: Keshavarzi bank of Ardabil province)
Mohammad Mahmoodi meymand Tohid Alizadeh hossein hajlou Reza Norouzi Ajirloo Mojtaba Ashrafi SultanahmadiBackground and Objective: The aim of this study, is to design a structural model of management of green human resources on the foundation of human being management system that offers for the first time in the green human management’s literature.Material and Method MoreBackground and Objective: The aim of this study, is to design a structural model of management of green human resources on the foundation of human being management system that offers for the first time in the green human management’s literature.Material and Methodology: In this study first the most important factors of vital cases which cause the success in management derived. Then, these factors were given to 150 experts of Keshavarzi bank of Ardabil province by questionnaire. After the gathering questionnaire, preliminary dials with the use of analyses stand in four elements. With the help of structural-explanatory model and asking from 10 virtuosos of agricultural bank of Ardabil province these factors analyzed and relationship between these variables discovered.Findings:The results of interpretive structural modeling on the four factors involved in the implementation of green human resource management show that the factor of green thinking and the environmental management factor have weak influence and weakness. Human resource management factor has weak influence but high dependence and green movement factor with high influence and low dependence. Results show that, the green move factors in the green human resource management in agricultural bank of Ardabil province was vital and must be in the first grade.Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that approved variables were categorized into four factors of human resource management, environmental management, green thinking, green movement (Green Initiatives include Green Thinking and Green Movement). The results also show that green movement factors and green thinking have the most impact on other factors, respectively, and human resource management and environmental management variables are most influenced by other factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Ardabil Alluvial Plain Aquifer Vulnerability Zoning Using a Combination of GIS and DRASTIC Method
Hojatollah Mardan Bahman YargholiBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for diffe MoreBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for different uses and in return they receive ample amount of domestic, industrial and agricultural waste waters. Assessment of aquifer vulnerability is very useful in land uses management and development, groundwater quality monitoring and prevention of water resources pollution. Method: In current study, DRASTIC model in conjunction with GIS is used for zoning Ardabil plain vulnerability and aquifer quality data processing and analysis is performed accordingly by these tools. It also uses the measurement results of nitrate in groundwater, DRASTIC model is calibrated to the Ardabil plain. Findings: The results of the drastic model show that the vulnerability of the Ardabil plain aquifer is more in the moderate vulnerability group. According to the findings of this study, moderate vulnerability is 39.3%, low vulnerability is 32.4% and high vulnerability is 21.1%, very low vulnerability is 6% and very high vulnerability is 1.1%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The level of contaminations of Ardabil aquifer was observed to be high and the result of this research revealed that its potential to be polluted is high. Therefore, given the importance of the groundwater resources in the region, it is necessary to establish a management plan to optimize the usage of this valuable resource. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Evaluating the Spatial distribution of Neighborhood Parks and Presenting the Optimal site Selection Model Using VIKOR Method (Case study: Ardabil city)
ata ghafari Reza Hashemi Masoomabad mansor mostafapour Sasan Nikfal MoghalooBackground and Objective: Urban parks have a significant role in reducing air pollution and improving the quality of life of the people living in urban areas. Planning and site selection of urban parks can significantly change a man-made environment to an ideal human so MoreBackground and Objective: Urban parks have a significant role in reducing air pollution and improving the quality of life of the people living in urban areas. Planning and site selection of urban parks can significantly change a man-made environment to an ideal human society and enhance the quality of life and identity of the inhabitants by promoting the visual beauty and reducing the adverse effects of industrial development. The aim of this study was to evaluate and locate neighborhood parks using the principles of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) in Ardabil city. Method: The used method was functional in terms of its objective and descriptive analysis in terms of its nature. The studied criteria consisted 12 components grouped for the spatial distribution of neighborhood parks. In this study, CRITIC techniques and pair-wise comparison were used to weight the criteria. Subsequently, the Vikor multi-criteria decision-making method was used in IDRISI to develope an appropriate model for the spatial distribution of green spaces in Ardabil. The obtained results were presented in the form of a graded map of desirability of place. Findings: The results show that priority pixels introduced in the model output have optimum conditions in terms of the defined criteria. Discussion and Conclusion: This model can be used as a decision support system in the spatial distribution of the existing neighborhood parks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Environmental Impact Assessment of Soybean Cultivation in Ardabil Farms
Majid Dekamin morteza barmaki Amin Kanooni Reza MosaviBackground and Objective: Calculating the environmental impact assessment during a product's life cycle is very important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental effects of soybean oil production (Glycine max) in Ardabil province. Method: MoreBackground and Objective: Calculating the environmental impact assessment during a product's life cycle is very important. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental effects of soybean oil production (Glycine max) in Ardabil province. Method: Lifecycle assessment was conducted to compare environmental burdens of this crop. Four categories (eutrophication, acidification, global warming potential and photochemical oxidation) of environmental impacts were used to define in this method. Inventory phase was conducted in 1393. Findings: The production of one-ton soybean in Ardabil in eutrophication potential, acidification potential, photochemical oxidation and global warming are 13.671 kg PO4eq, 13.680 kg SO2eq, 0.093 kg C2H4 eq and 857.128 kg CO2eq respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: It was found that the effects from the three crops comes generally from manufactured fertilizer, manure, diesel combustion, agricultural practices, and electricity for irrigation. It can be said that the indirect effects associated with these inputs are related to producing and processing, which had negative impacts. Result indicated that input performance of production of one-ton soybean is low. With increasing crop yield per input can decrease environmental burdens. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Determining the Calendar of Frost on the basis of Probability of Occurrence (Case Study: Ardabil Province)
Mehry Akbary Soheila MozaffariBackground and Purpose: Since frost hazard can affect the human life, construction activities, agriculture and energy consumption and its distribution, being aware of the time of occurrence of frost can help in managing this hazard. In the present research, for the firs MoreBackground and Purpose: Since frost hazard can affect the human life, construction activities, agriculture and energy consumption and its distribution, being aware of the time of occurrence of frost can help in managing this hazard. In the present research, for the first time, effective parameters on frost separating advection or radiation types and return periods with probability of occurrence are calculated. Data and Methodology: In this research, using synoptic stations minimum temperatures in Ardabil province, dates of frost for the first time in the fall and last time in spring extracted and frosts were separated by their types (Radiation or Advection). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was implemented on all meteorological variables in frosty days for each station. Time series of beginning and end of radiation and advection frosts using statistical distributions were analyzed and best fit distribution were selected and calculated in SMADA website. Findings: The highest and lowest frequency of frost days, respectively have happened in Khalkhal and Parsabad stations. Monthly frost analysis showed that the highest and lowest frequency of frost days respectively happened in January and October. The earliest date for the beginning of radiation frosts and advection frost (Khalkhal), respectively, have happened on September 19 and October 10 and latest date for the beginning (ParsAbad) respectively, happened on November 12 and December 12. Discussion and Conclusion: Generally, in Ardabil province 47% of frosts started with radiation frost and 53% started with advection frost which can increase the danger of frost in late summer crops. Products must be harvested before the cold air advection (5 October, based on the results of this study). 73% of frosts were terminated with radiation frosts and 27% were terminated with advection frosts which can be concluded in the spring time. It is possible to combat the radiation frosts and there is a significant reduction in losses. Based on the analysis of probability of frost occurrence, first radiation and advection frost in Ardabil with 90% probability, respectively, will occur at 18th and 23th of October. Advection frost date average of Ardabil station with a probability of 50% is 9th of November, in Pars-Abad, 1st of December, in Khalkhal, 26th of October and on 18th of November in Meshkin Shahr station. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Analyzing Spatiotemporal Relationship between Land-Use Changes and Groundwater Quantity in Ardabil Plain
Vahid Amini Parsa ali azizi Bahram Malekmohammadi Babak KhaiatrostamiBackground and Objectives: Understanding spatiotemporal relationship between Land use/cover changes (LUCCs) and groundwater quantity changes is vital to efficient and sustainable restricted plain management. This study aims to analyze relationship between LUCCs and grou MoreBackground and Objectives: Understanding spatiotemporal relationship between Land use/cover changes (LUCCs) and groundwater quantity changes is vital to efficient and sustainable restricted plain management. This study aims to analyze relationship between LUCCs and groundwater quantity changes in the Ardabil restricted plain. Method: The land use maps were extracted and classified from four Landsat images for 1989, 1998, 2009, and 2014. Then the classified images accuracy was assessed. The groundwater depth distribution maps extracted from piezometric data using Kriging method for the same times. REGRESS and CORRELATE modules in Idrise Selva package used to analyze relation between LUCCs and groundwater depth changes in the study area. Findings: Results indicated the incremental trend in human built environment (5.1%) and agricultural land (10.57%) at the expense of decreasing in bare land (14.78%) and forestland (0.88%). The average groundwater depth decline was about 6.27 meters over past studied 25 years. All the obtained R values from REGRESS model were between 0.35 and 0.54 for different studied periods. The R2 values from CORRELATE for each cells confirmed the direct spatiotemporal relationship between the occurred LUCCs and groundwater quantity changes within the study area. Discussion and Conclusion: This study shows the ability of RS and GIS techniques alongside statistical models based on regression analyzing is useful to analyze relation between dynamic LUCCs and groundwater depth changes. The results and applied approach can be useful in efficient management, planning and policy making of restricted plains and also in identifying priority zones for land use and groundwater management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Analysis of Land Suitability to Locate Wind Power Plant in Ardabil Province Using AHP and SAW Methods in GIS Environment
Hamid reza Jafari Ali Azizi Hossein Nasiri Sepideh AbediAbstractFinding the best site for construction of wind farm such as any other engineering project needs basicinformation and specific programming. After confirmation of exploitable wind potential, finding thesuitable location of wind farm regarding to various technical, MoreAbstractFinding the best site for construction of wind farm such as any other engineering project needs basicinformation and specific programming. After confirmation of exploitable wind potential, finding thesuitable location of wind farm regarding to various technical, economic-social and natural factors areso important. This study analyzes land suitability for placing wind farm in Ardabil province regardingto some effective factors such as height, slope, and distance from urban areas, distance from villageregions, distance from water bodies and distance from main roads networks. For this purpose, at first 9effective factors are identified and prepared in GIS and weight of each criterion and classes arecalculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) methods.The next step of procedure was the elimination of exclusionary areas for wind power plant.Afterwards, the study area was zoned for each criterion using analytical functions of GIS. Finally byintegrating zoned maps based on weight from AHP and SAW methods, final map of both methods aresupplied in 5 classes from completely suitable to unsuitable. In this study comparing the results of 2methods expressive that AHP method results are more cautious than SAW results. Also Completelysuitable class resulted from 2 methods in spite of different area, shows Ardabil Plain and foothills ofSabalan could be considered as suitable site to exploit of wind energy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Spatial analysis of the healthy city indicators in urban settlements (Case study: Ardabil province)
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshgheichharborj Saide Alavi Soraya EshgheiBackground and Objective: Following the uncontrolled growth of cities, several approaches were raised to provide favorable conditions of life for present and future generations. One of the major approaches is a healthy city approach; however, to find out which city is h MoreBackground and Objective: Following the uncontrolled growth of cities, several approaches were raised to provide favorable conditions of life for present and future generations. One of the major approaches is a healthy city approach; however, to find out which city is healthy and what level of health it bears as compared to other cities is yet complex and ambiguous. Method: This study aimed to analyze the indicators of a healthy city in urban settlements of Ardabil province. Ardabil city was ranked based on on 42 criteria for health indicators. In this study it is attempted to measure the weight of a healthy city by network analysis process (ANP. TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making models were also used to evaluate urban settlements. Findings: Spatial analysis of health indicators in urban settlements of Ardabil province, stating that Kowsar, Sarein, and Namin townships are developed, Kalkal Township is partially deprived and Bilesuar, Meshkin Shahr, Ardabil and Pars Abad townships are deprived. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between the population and ranking of each city, so that Pars Abad, Meshkin Shahr and Ardabil are the most populous townships of the province and ranged as less provilaged interms of healthy city indicators. The results of the study area mapped in the GIS environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Measurement and Prioritization of Influencing Factors on Sustainable Agricultural Development from Point of View Jihad Experts of Ardabil Province
Vakil Heidari SarbanConventional farming prevails, especially after World War II due to the use of modern agricultural Institutions increase productivity of agricultural production. It rewards the true values of producers and their products. It draws and learns from organic farming. It wor MoreConventional farming prevails, especially after World War II due to the use of modern agricultural Institutions increase productivity of agricultural production. It rewards the true values of producers and their products. It draws and learns from organic farming. It works on farms and ranches large and small, harnessing new technologies and renewing the best practices of the past. The purpose of this paper is measurement and prioritization of influencing factors on sustainable agricultural development from point of view Jihad experts of Ardabil Province. The statistical population of this survey consists of Jihad Expertsof Ardabil Province. For data collection, it was used the documents, library and internet as the material to investigate the literature background, while utilizing the questionnaire to gather necessary field data, which was formulated, as proposed in different resources, based on the research assumptions and questions. Further, validity of the questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts and scholars the field of sustainable agriculture and agriculture development. Then, 30 questionnaires were completed in the Ardabil Province to determine its reliability through the test, and the Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated for the total questionnaire equal 0.78 = α using SPSS software package. The study sample consisted of all experts in Ardabil Province, of which 160 were selected by multistage random sampling. For data analysis, SPSS software was used. The research results showed that barriers of educational, environmental, economical and psychological settled in Ardabil province, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Identifying and leveling effective components of creating transformative management in schools (Case study: Secondary schools of Ardabil county)
hasan aslanzadeh Massod moradi mohammad mojtabazadehThe purpose of the research is to identify and leveling the effective components of creating transformational management in secondary schools. This research is of a mixed type (quantitative-qualitative) and has been carried out with the method of hierarchical analysis - MoreThe purpose of the research is to identify and leveling the effective components of creating transformational management in secondary schools. This research is of a mixed type (quantitative-qualitative) and has been carried out with the method of hierarchical analysis - the method of paired comparisons. In the qualitative phase, the investigated community consists of selected experts in the field of education who have gained valuable experiences in the field of transformational leadership of schools. The sampling method of the qualitative stage was theoretical saturation and 30 samples were selected. Through interviews with experts in the field of education, Data by content analysis method with coding (51 open codes as sub-indices and 9 selected codes as main indicators) were extracted. The reliability of the interviews was confirmed by a retest method with a score above 0.7%. A paired comparison questionnaire was prepared and completed by managers and related teachers. In the quantitative phase, the validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.74, which indicates its reliability. Expert Choice software was used to analyze the questionnaire data. The study showed that among the first level indicators, the indicators of facilitation in planning and education, strategy-oriented and self-management are the most preferred with weighted values of 0.582, 0.485 and 0.399 respectively are more important. Also, among the influencing sub-indices, sub-indices of flexibility of training programs (0.217), skills and abilities of managers (0.175), creating a link between resource strategies human and the school strategies (0.152), curriculum planning (0.141), process orientation (0.128), use of educational technologies (0.118), development of technology-based educational facilities (0.102) ), continuous follow-up of school problems and challenges (0.082) and formulation of short-term and long-term plans for the organization (0.067) respectively have the highest weight values and are more important. To create transformational management in their organization, secondary schools should focus on the flexibility of educational programs, skills and capabilities of managers, the link between human resource strategies and school strategies, curriculum planning, process orientation and the use of technologies. Also, they should plan in the development of technology-based educational facilities, continuous follow-up of school problems and challenges, and formulation of short-term and long-term organizational plans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Sociology Study of Tourist Attractions in Ardabil Province and Its Role in Sustainable Development
Fariba Mireskandari -
Open Access Article
35 - Psychometric Properties of the Iranian Version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9)
Nader HajlooThe aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of short form of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) in part of the Iran society . Research method of this study was cross-sectional and correlational. The study population consisted of all female a MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of short form of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9) in part of the Iran society . Research method of this study was cross-sectional and correlational. The study population consisted of all female and male high school teachers of Ardabill in city in 2011-12 (1390-91 s.c . ). Data were collected from 280 teachers (142 females and 138 males ) that were selected by multistage cluster sampling . The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 items , Maslach & Jackson (1981) burnout scale and Churchill , Ford & walker (1976) job satisfaction scale, were used for data collection. The results showed that the three energy , dedication and absorption dimensions of UWES-9 based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient have the internal consistency . Evaluations of content, convergent and divergent validates of UWES-9 was also confirmed the scales' validity. Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis showed that in the Iranian version of UWES-9 , as in the original form appears the three related but distinct dimensions of energy , dedication and absorption. Based on this confidence about UWES-9 accuracy in work engagement assessment, its application in researches related to work engagement is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Assessment of effective teaching, components based on the students viewpoints
sadraddin sattaryThis research was aimed at a study of the present and desirable situation of effective teaching based on M.A Students’ viewpoints in Islamic Azad university of Ardabil branch. The method of research was descriptive and survey type. The population in this research was in MoreThis research was aimed at a study of the present and desirable situation of effective teaching based on M.A Students’ viewpoints in Islamic Azad university of Ardabil branch. The method of research was descriptive and survey type. The population in this research was included M.A university students at the second academic term of 2010-2011. The sample group was selected by randomized stratified sampling method. For data collection, the research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with Likert scale in two sections. The content validity and the reliability were obtained by using the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, T-test and ANOVA test. In general, based on the collected data analysis, the results showed that there were significant differences between present and desirable situation of effective teaching. However, there was no significant difference in effective teaching components based on age, gender, discipline and employment situation variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Comparison of visual and digital interpretation methods of land use/cover mapping in Ardabil province
Azad Kakeh Mami Ardavan Ghorbani Farshad Kayvan Behjoo Amir Mirzaei MosivandLand use/cover mapping is one of the most common applications of remote sensing data. Remote sensing data by providing updated digital information, repetitive coverage, reduce costs and the possibility of processing and high potential for the preparation of land use/cov MoreLand use/cover mapping is one of the most common applications of remote sensing data. Remote sensing data by providing updated digital information, repetitive coverage, reduce costs and the possibility of processing and high potential for the preparation of land use/cover maps in natural resources, is of paramount importance. In this study, the land use and cover map prepared using Google Earth and the Operational Land Imager image sensor (OLI) of Landsat 8 satellite and methods of visual interpretation (GE images), supervised classification, neural networks and object-based classification methods (Landsat 8 images), and compared with each other. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the classification, the overall accuracy, Kappa coefficient, producer’s accuracy and user’s accuracy were used. The results showed that the visual interpretation method with overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of 99.4 and 0.99, in comparison to the object-based, supervised and artificial neural networks (with an overall accuracy of 94, 82 and 60.8, and a Kappa coefficient of 0.92, 0.77 and 0.50) are more reliable. According to the map of visual interpretation, the rangelands with an area of 946687 ha and water bodies in the area of 217.42 ha were the largest and smallest land use/covers, respectively. In terms of accuracy, the visual interpretation method using Google Earth images had the highest accuracy, but it is time-consuming and cost-effective. In contrast, object-based method with acceptable accuracy and with low cost and time is the best method for land use/cover mapping. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Estimation of Ardabil land surface temperature using Landsat images and accuracy assessment of land surface temperature estimation methods with ground truth data
Hossein Fekrat Sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood Seyed Kazem AlavipanahBackground and ObjectiveOver the past two decades, the intense need for land surface temperature information for environmental studies and management and planning activities has made estimating the land surface temperature one of the most important scientific topics. On MoreBackground and ObjectiveOver the past two decades, the intense need for land surface temperature information for environmental studies and management and planning activities has made estimating the land surface temperature one of the most important scientific topics. On the other hand, different methods have been proposed to estimate the land surface temperature, each of which has resulted in different results for different regions. In this study, the algorithms that have had acceptable results in different studies have been selected and evaluated. In the field of thermal studies, what is considered as a major defect in monitoring the land surface temperature is the lack of sufficient meteorological stations to know the temperature values in places without stations and information limitations in preparing temperature data, especially for large areas. The study area is also facing this shortage, and this limitation further highlights the importance of the topic selected for this study to estimate the surface temperature using remote sensing technology. Verification and validation of results obtained from estimating the land surface temperature are other basic and discussed topics in thermal studies. The purpose of this study is an estimation of temperature in Ardabil city and evaluate the accuracy of the four single-channel algorithms, the improved mono-window, the Planck's inversion function method and the radiative transfer equation (RTE) method, to compare the accuracy of the two Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites in estimating the land surface temperature. Materials and Methods Three types of data have been used in this study; Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images, data of two meteorological stations and ground data harvested with a digital thermometer. The images used are from the two satellites Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 with a time interval of 19 years. The meteorological data used were obtained from two synoptic stations in the study area. In addition to land surface temperature, relative humidity, minimum temperature and maximum temperature data of 24 hours were also obtained on two dates. Also, two points of the study area were selected and land surface temperature in the position of these two stations simultaneously with the satellite Recorded from two digital thermometers. MODTRAN web version calculator software version 6 has been used to model the radiation and the amount of atmospheric transmission. Emissivity with two methods of LSE methods based on NDVI and LSE NDVI Thresholds Method and land surface temperature with four algorithms: single-channel algorithms, An Improved mono-window, inversion of Planck’s function and radiative transfer equation using band 6 Landsat 5 and band 10 Landsat 8 bands. It was coded in MATLAB software for 2000 and 2019. Finally, the accuracy of the algorithms was evaluated using synoptic station surface temperature data and field sampling. Results and Discussion The collected data and results are analyzed and while presenting the output maps, the accuracy of the methods with terrestrial and meteorological data as well as the accuracy of Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellites in estimating the land surface temperature has been compared and evaluated. The results showed that for the three single-channel algorithms, the inversion of Planck’s function and RTE, the first method of emission and for the An Improved Mono-Window algorithm, the second method of emission had a higher accuracy. Land surface temperature data obtained from meteorological stations in 2000 differ by 12 minutes in terms of time and by 2019 differ by 4 minutes in terms of satellite transit time. The first meteorological station is located somewhat within the city limits and according to the results, it seems that the most important factor is the greater difference between the data of the first station and the estimated LST compared to the second station is the same factor because the heterogeneity of pixels and large changes in levels in urban areas interfere with a pixel value. And subsequently increases the likelihood of errors in estimating surface temperature within the urban anthropogenic range. For the ground station, two points with a homogeneous environment and outside the urban area with agricultural use (alfalfa) and barren use of the harvested product were selected and their surface temperature was measured at the same time as the satellite. The output results of land surface temperature estimation were compared and evaluated with two synoptic stations and two ground stations. In both histories, the single-channel algorithm showed the least difference with the temperature recording stations. Conclusion In this research, using Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite images, four algorithms for estimating the land surface temperature of the earth, including single-channel algorithms, An Improved mono-window, inversion of Planck’s function and radiative transfer equation and land surface temperature maps of Ardabil city for two 2000 and 2019 were coded and extracted in MATLAB software environment. The band 6 Landsat 5 satellite was used for 2000 and the band 10 Landsat 8 satellite was used for 2019 due to less noise than the 11th band and the proximity of 9.66 (which is the highest radiation in this range). Comparison of land surface temperature maps obtained by the algorithms with synoptic and ground stations showed that in both 2000 and 2019, the single-channel algorithm was more accurate than the other methods. Comparison of the results of the single-channel method with the stations shows a difference of +2.5 and 2- with stations 1 and 2 for the year 2000 and a temperature difference of +3.3, +0.9, 1- and -0.9. Shows stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 for 2019, respectively. It seems that the direct use of atmospheric transmittance coefficients in the single-channel method process has been effective in the high accuracy of this method. In terms of accuracy, after the single-channel algorithm, the An Improved Mono-Window method, the RTE algorithm, and finally the Planck function inverse correlation algorithm were placed, respectively. The results of comparing the output of all four algorithms with the data of stations 1, 2, 3 and 4, show that the ground stations harvested with a digital thermometer are more accurate than the data of meteorological stations. One of the reasons for this is the location of meteorological stations (especially, Station_1) in the urban area due to the heterogeneity of the urban environment and the possibility of pixel interference and temperature interference of land uses, while ground stations from the out-of-town area. And was selected from an environment with homogeneous pixels (barren and agricultural). Also, the results of all four algorithms extracted from the Landsat 8 image show more accuracy compared to the results of the four algorithms obtained from the Landsat 5 image, and due to the improved spatial resolution of the TIRS sensor compared to the TM, the TIRS sensor output is more accurate, It was predictable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Canopy cover and production estimation and susceptible areas locating of Sumac (Rhus coriaria) cultivation in Khakriz rangelands of Ardabil province
Seyed Abolfazl Seyedi Kaleybar Farid Dadjou Ahad Hasanzadeh Hasan Mollazadeh AslThe aim of this study was to investigate the canopy cover and seed production of medicinal-economic Sumac (Rhus coriaria) seeds and locating susceptible areas of Sumac in rangelands of Khakriz village, Bilesavar County, Ardabil province. For this purpose, three sites (a MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the canopy cover and seed production of medicinal-economic Sumac (Rhus coriaria) seeds and locating susceptible areas of Sumac in rangelands of Khakriz village, Bilesavar County, Ardabil province. For this purpose, three sites (a total of 60 hectares) with Sumac cover and in each site three transects were parallel and perpendicular to the direction of the slope with intervals of 100 meters, were established. Along each transect used 10 plots of five square meters with 20-meter intervals using a random-systematic sampling (a total of 90 plots) and the position of each plot was recorded using GPS. Sumac seeds in each plot were harvested by clipping and weighted method. Maps of environmental factors (elevation, slope, aspect, annual precipitation, and temperature) created using digital elevation models (DEM) in ArcGIS and then values of each environmental factor extracted for each Sumac site and the questionnaire of ratings were completed in this regard. Then, to determine the areas susceptible to cultivating Sumac in the Khakriz rangelands, the analytic network process (ANP) method, was used. The results showed that the areas with Sumac cover had 657.88 kg/ha seed production and 263.12 kg/ha of powdered seed production. The results of ANP indicated that 157.12 hectares of the area were very suitable, 138.10 hectares were suitable, 110.60 hectares were medium, 46.01 hectares were poor and 46.17 hectares were unsuitable for Sumac cultivating. The results can be used to exploit, cultivate and increase the cover of Sumac in specified areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Study of the relationship between land use and vegetation changes with the land surface temperature in Namin County
Azad Kakehmami Ardavan Ghorbani Sayyad Asghari Sarasekanrood Ehsan Ghale Sahar GhafariBackground and ObjectiveRapid development of cities due to extensive changes in land use and land cover has had negative effects on global environmental quality. Land cover and land use changes, and the development of urban and agricultural regions and deforestati MoreBackground and ObjectiveRapid development of cities due to extensive changes in land use and land cover has had negative effects on global environmental quality. Land cover and land use changes, and the development of urban and agricultural regions and deforestation are changing the regional and local temperature regime. Knowing the land surface temperature degrees contribute significantly to a wide range of issues relating to the Earth science such as urban climate, global environmental changes, and the study of the interaction of human and the environment. The lack of sufficient meteorological stations to be aware of temperature values in regions lacking a station is considered as a major flaw in monitoring the land surface temperature. Due to the information limitations, collecting data especially to a large extent, is associated with many problems and obstacles, and the real-time access is difficult or impossible. Therefore, the need to use remote sensing technology with time conditions along with the feature of continuity and data collection in wide ranges can be very effective. The purpose of this study is to investigate the land surface temperature of Namin county in a period of 28 years and to compare the obtained results with land use and vegetation changes. Materials and MethodsThe data used in this study included Landsat 8 satellite image of the OLI sensor in order to extract land use map and TIRS sensor image to extract land surface temperature for the year 2015. Moreover, Landsat 5 satellite image of the TM sensor were used to extract land use map by using visible and infrared bands, and also to extract land surface temperature by using thermal bands for the year 1987. Images were taken in late spring and early summer due to the lack of high cloudy and snowy covers , as well as the high intensity of sunlight. The eCognition8.9 software was used for object-based classification. Classification in five classes (dry and irrigated farming, rangeland, forest and residential) and six classes (dry and irrigated farming, rangeland, forest, residential and water bodies) were selected for the years 1987 and 2015 respectively. To assess the accuracy and comparison of the obtained maps, the error matrix, overall accuracy, and kappa statistics were used. Split-Window method was used to extract the land surface temperature of the study area. Finally, in order to analyze the relationship between land surface temperature with vegetation index, the correlation coefficients between land surface temperature and vegetation index were calculated based on land use types in the years 1987 and 2015. Results and Discussion The highest land use area in the years 1987 and 2015 belongs to the rangeland use with 43781 and 34114 hectares respectively and the second land use area belongs to dry farming use with 23854 and 33277 hectares respectively. Moreover due to the lack of water use , the lowest land use area in 1987 belongs to residential use with 1301 hectares, while in 2015 with the construction of water structures, water use with an area of 86 hectares has the lowest land use area. The highest land use area increase was in the dry farming with 9423 hectares, which is a significant increase compared to 1987. The highest recorded temperature for Namin county in 1987 and 2015 was related to dry farming use (34°C and 27°C, respectively), indicating the concentration of heat in these regions. This type of land use has the highest temperature due to the factors such as the dryness of the products at this time and the harvest of the products. In 1987, dry farming use had the highest temperature (34°C), but in 2015 it experienced a decrease in temperature (27°C), despite the fact that it had the highest land surface temperature compared to other types of land uses in 2015. The reason can be attributed to the factor of harvesting crops. Due to the fact that the rainfed crops in the study area are mostly wheat, and at this time of the season, most of the wheat is ripe or harvested, so the transpiration of these products is insignificant. The lowest recorded temperatures in Namin county are related to the uses of water bodies (21°C), forest (21°C) and irrigated farming (22°C), respectively. Since water has a high heat capacity, it has the greatest effect on reducing the temperature. In forest and irrigated farming land uses, due to the higher vegetation density, the land surface temperature has the lowest value (23°C and 24°C in 1987 and 21°C and 22°C in 2015 respectively) compared to the other land use types. Agricultural land use in this area has the lowest land surface temperature (24°C in 1987 and 21°C in 2015) after forest areas. Due to the fact that the crops cultivated in this area are plants such as potatoes and these plants have more water needs, therefore these plants have a high greenness value at June to early July, which has led to more transpiration in the area where they are cultivated than other areas, thus it has been very effective in keeping the land surface temperature cool. The rangeland use has had high land surface temperatures (27°C and 25°C, respectively) in the two study years, and there is little difference between the two years. According to the study season which was late June to early July, the high temperature of this land use type is due to the increase in the areas lacking canopy cover or areas having low or scattered vegetation. Due to the fact that in August, most of the leaves and brunches of the existing plants are dry and the transpiration is low, high temperatures are also recorded. The relationship between land surface temperature and vegetation index in rangeland use in the two study years had the highest correlation (0.91 in 1987 and 0.83 in 2015), while the correlation coefficient of the forest use was the lowest (0.46 in 1987 and 0.23 in 2015). Conclusion Land use type and land use and vegetation changes have a significant effect on land surface temperature changes. However, areas without vegetation have a higher land surface temperature than the areas with vegetation. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between vegetation cover and land surface temperature, which is mainly due to sufficient vegetation. In general, the results showed that in most areas with lower temperatures, there is high density vegetation indicating an inverse relationship between vegetation index and land surface temperature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Modeling aboveground net primary production using Landsat-8 indices in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province, Iran
Pashmineh Mohammadnazhad Mehdi Moameri Ardavan Ghorbani Farid Dadjou Vadood MohammadiThe aim of this study was to estimate the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of life forms and total ANPP using Landsat 8 images in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province. Field sampling was conducted in June 2019 and a satellite image was received MoreThe aim of this study was to estimate the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of life forms and total ANPP using Landsat 8 images in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province. Field sampling was conducted in June 2019 and a satellite image was received at the same time. Seven sampling sites was selected, and three 100-meter transects parallel and perpendicular to the slope direction was established in each sites, and along each transects from 10 plots (1m2), the ANPP of life forms with random-systematic method were collected (210 plots in total). Then, 22 plant indices were selected according to previous references and calculated for the region. Next, the correlation between the ANPP of life forms and total ANPP with plant indices was calculated and the plant index with the highest correlation was selected for modeling. The first-order linear equation was used for modeling and the equations were estimated in ArcMap software as a map. The results showed that among the studied indices, NDVI was the most appropriate index for modeling; however, the highest correlation of this index was with total ANPP (0.88), and grasses ANPP (0.78); while it had less correlation with the forbs ANPP (0.41), and shrubs ANPP (0.31). The range of changes were 0 to 1857 kg/ha for grasses, 9 to 766 kg/ha for forbs, 0 to 458 kg/ha for shrubs, and 9 to 3081 kg/ha for the total ANPP. The accuracy of the models was evaluated by RMSE, MDE and MAE criteria and the accuracy was acceptable. Also, there was essentially no difference between the mean of real and modeled data. The results of this study can be used to balance the supply and demand of rangeland production for sustainable development of rangeland ecosystems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Identification of villages at risk of subsidence in Ardabil plain using fuzzy-network analysis in GIS
Bahram Imani Jafar JafarzadehBackground and Objective In recent years, due to climate change and drought, as well as the lack of supervision in digging agricultural wells, many of the country's aquifers have been harvested improperly, which has led to a negative balance of these aquifers to the ext MoreBackground and Objective In recent years, due to climate change and drought, as well as the lack of supervision in digging agricultural wells, many of the country's aquifers have been harvested improperly, which has led to a negative balance of these aquifers to the extent that, according to the Geological Survey, most of the country's plains have experienced a drop in groundwater levels. Today, the study, planning and planning to reduce the risks of natural hazards is one of the main issues of officials and planners of countries. One of the hazards that are less considered due to gradual performance is the phenomenon of subsidence, which in recent years due to increased use of important aquifers in the plains of the country has become a pervasive problem. In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the possibility of subsidence and its possible dangers as a threat to human projects as well as rural settlements in the Ardabil plain.tpMaterials and Methods The study area of Ardabil plain is located between the latitude of thirty-eight degrees and thirty minutes north latitude to thirty-eight degrees and thirty minutes and the longitude of east geography forty-eight degrees and fifteen minutes to forty-eight degrees and thirty-five minutes in the northwestern part of Ardabil province. To investigate the groundwater status of the plain, data from 38 observation wells prepared by the Ardabil Regional Water Organization and located at the plain level have been used. First, using 30-year statistics of 65 observation wells and GIS, a water potential drop map for the region was prepared. Then, using fuzzy Dematel model, experts' opinions were collected and modeled. This method is one of the conceptual methods for structuring decision problems. The Dematel technique is based on graph theory, and in this way we can divide the criteria into two groups of cause and effect criteria to gain a better understanding of the cause-and-effect relationship and finally be able to create a network of interrelationships. Finally, after creating the general relationship matrix and according to the defined threshold size, we create the final relationship matrix in which the number zero means no relationship and the number one means the relationship between two criteria. Using the final relations matrix, we conduct a survey of experts on the extent to which factors affect each other with respect to their interdependence. After the data was obtained from the relevant organizations, a database was created for the information in the ArcCatalog software environment, and then maps related to this data were created in ArcGIS software. After the weights of the different layers were obtained using the fuzzy network analysis method, they entered the ArcGIS software and multiplied the weights of each sub-criterion in the map we created for each layer and finally gathered the maps together to get a final map Came. The final map shows the areas of Ardabil plain that are classified in terms of subsidence risk and in five categories in terms of danger status were shown with color spectrum. Then, the area with severe water loss was selected and compared with the scattering map of deep wells. In the last step, using advanced and fuzzy hybrid models and network analysis in the software environment of GIS, each of the layers of sediment sensitivity and water level drop membership is determined and using fuzzy linear overlap, the area sensitivity map to subsidence in five classes of very sensitivity High, high sensitivity, medium sensitivity, low sensitivity and very low sensitivity were prepared. To prepare the final map of subsidence risk status in Ardabil plain, first the obtained weights for each sub-factor were multiplied in the fuzzy maps of that sub-factor and then these weighted maps were aggregated using the Raster Calculator tool. The final fuzzy map of subsidence risk assessment of Ardabil plain is changing with the color spectrum changes from blue, which represents the lowest, to red, which represents the highest. The blue color indicates low risk areas and the red color indicates high risk areas in terms of subsidence risk in Ardabil plain and villages located in this area.Results and Discussion After obtaining the initial plan to assess the subsidence risk status and areas at risk of subsidence in Ardabil plain, the final map to assess the status of Ardabil plain in terms of land subsidence risk has been prepared according to the weights and layers obtained. Since all the base layer maps were reclassified into five layers and the weight corresponding to each layer was given according to the condition of the layers, the final map was classified and weighted into five layers, which according to experts and professors is as follows; 1) Low risk areas, 2) Medium risk areas, 3) High risk, 4) Damaged areas, 5) Critical areas. Finally, using the final map of Ardabil plain subsidence risk assessment, as well as the ranking obtained from the opinions of relevant experts, the final map of Ardabil plain subsidence risk analysis was prepared. Also, the map of deep wells in Ardabil plain and its distribution in rural areas, it can be seen that the highest distribution and concentration of deep wells in the eastern part of the plain is in Wilkij e Markazi and Fooladloo e Shomali villages. This situation shows the scattering position of deep wells showing the proportionality of the scattering of deep wells in areas at risk of subsidence.Conclusion Wilkij e Markazi, Fooladloo e Shomali, and Fooladloo e Sharghi have the highest levels of vulnerability in terms of subsidence risk status. The critical situation of landslide risk is the highest in these three villages. Also, Kalkhoran and Aghbalagh Aqajan Khan villages are moving from a moderate to a vulnerable situation, which requires more care in managing and planning the water resources of these villages. Also, there is a strong relationship between the distribution of deep wells in the Ardabil plain and areas at high risk of subsidence. Also, according to the results obtained the groundwater status sub-criterion with a weight of 0.38 has the greatest impact on the subsidence risk of Ardabil plain. This weight shows the high impact of this sub-criterion by examining other layers related to groundwater status and population dispersion layer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Creating a graphical user interface (GUI) to automatically calculate the land surface temperature and use the results in evaluating temperature changes in land uses in Ardabil city
Hossein Fekrat Sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood Seyed Kazem AlavipanahBackground and Objective Land surface temperature is a vital indicator for studying environmental changes, hydrological conditions and the energy balance of the earth, which can also be used to monitor the temperature changes of cities. The lack of meteorological statio MoreBackground and Objective Land surface temperature is a vital indicator for studying environmental changes, hydrological conditions and the energy balance of the earth, which can also be used to monitor the temperature changes of cities. The lack of meteorological stations in most parts of the country, including the study area, has created information limitations in the field of surface temperature data. There are also a large number of non-remote sensing users who need LST maps, and most of them are not familiar enough with LST computing software and inevitably have to spend a lot of time mapping to prepare their maps. This process can be time-consuming even for remote sensing professionals if the number of images is high. The use of valid data for validation that has the least time difference with the satellite passes time is very important in estimating the accuracy of the results. By reviewing internal research similar to the one under study, most internal studies used only meteorological station data to validate the results, the data recording time at these stations is different from the satellite passes time. In this study, due to the large area of the study area and the insufficient number of meteorological stations, in addition to the surface temperature data measured in synoptic stations, the land surface temperature in two ground stations was recorded simultaneously with the satellite. Creating a graphical user interface (GUI) to automatically calculate the surface temperature of Ardabil city with two single-channel and RTE algorithms and use the results to evaluate the temperature changes of land usesMaterials and Methods In this study, in order to automatically calculate the land surface temperature of Ardabil city from three types of data: Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images, land surface temperature data recorded at two meteorological stations in the study area and also due to an insufficient number of stations Meteorological data land surface temperature data measured with digital thermometers are also used as the satellite passes. After preparing thermal and multispectral images, first MODTRAN web computing software was used to model the atmospheric transferability and atmospheric coefficients were extracted. Then, to create graphical user interfaces and automatic calculation of LST, land surface temperature with two algorithms single-channel and RTE method with Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite images for two dates: 31/07/2000 and 21/08/2019 in MATLAB software were coded and using these codes, graphical user interfaces were created for each algorithm and finally, an automatic land surface temperature calculator application was produced. Also, the land use map of Ardabil city for both mentioned dates was classified and extracted using a random forest algorithm in the Google Earth engine system environment with 7 classes. This algorithm has a much better performance compared to traditional methods such as maximum likelihood due to its hierarchical structure in selecting each pixel to the appropriate class. To validate surface temperature maps from two types of surface temperature data recorded in two meteorological stations and surface temperature recorded by a digital thermometer that simultaneously passes the satellite in two points of the homogeneous non-urban environment with agricultural use (alfalfa) and Bayer that product It was harvested, used. To evaluate the accuracy of land use maps, using Google Earth, which has a better spatial resolution than the image used, 248 ground control points were obtained from pure pixels of different land uses and used in the validation process. Also, statistical parameters such as error matrix, overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were applied to the output of both land use maps.Results and Discussion Using the codes written in MATLAB software, graphical user interfaces (GUI) were created and then the automatic LST calculator application was produced. The output of the application was surface temperature maps with single channel algorithms and radiation transfer equation (RTE) for 31/07/2000 using thermal image (band 6) of Landsat 5 satellite TM and 21/08 / 2019 was created by the 10 TIRS sensor band of Landsat 8 satellite. After comparing the output maps with the meteorological station and ground station data, the results showed that the single-channel method had the lowest temperature deviations compared to the stations in both years. After preparing LST maps and selecting the optimal algorithm (single channel), land use maps of Ardabil city were prepared using a random forest algorithm in the GEE platform. Statistical evaluations of the classification results showed that for 2000, the highest pixel interference was related to the middle and poor rangeland class, which has a 16-pixel displacement with residential and rainfed agricultural classes. Due to the improved spatial resolution of the Landsat 8 satellite compared to the Landsat 5, followed by better class separation, this pixel displacement in the 2019 user map shows a smaller value. The most common error was related to the aquaculture class, which had a displacement of 10 pixels with rich rangeland and rainfed agriculture classes. Finally, using the LST map and land use map, the temperature changes of the land uses over a period of 19 years were evaluated. By entering the input images and atmospheric parameters in the application, the land surface temperature was calculated with two one-channel algorithms and the RTE method. Evaluation of output maps with meteorological and terrestrial data showed that the single-channel algorithm with a difference of +2.5 and -2 with stations 1 and 2 for the year 2000 and with a temperature difference of +1.3, +0.9, -1 and -0.9 with stations 1, 2, 3 and 4 in 2019, respectively, had higher accuracy than the RTE method. Also, the results of validation of land use maps showed an overall accuracy of 0.95 and a kappa coefficient of 0.94 for 2000 and overall accuracy of 0.96 and a kappa coefficient of 0.95 for 2019.Conclusion Assessing the relationship between land surface temperature and land use maps showed that despite the significant physical growth of the urban sector over a period of 19 years, except for residential areas, all land uses in 2019 compared to 2000 with an increase in average surface temperature. It seems that factors such as the expansion of agricultural lands with irrigated cultivation around the urban area up to a radius of 10 km and the entanglement of these farms with the urban sector have a great impact on the temperature adjustment of the urban sector. In 2000, these lands were mainly under cultivation of rain-fed crops, and by solving the water problem (digging deep wells and water transfer projects), they became orchards and irrigated farms such as potatoes. Due to the high water requirement, these products also have high greenery, and this factor has increased the rate of evapotranspiration, followed by cooling of the cultivation area and the urban sector. Among other classes, in both years of water use, the lowest and the use of barren lands had the highest average surface temperature. The generated application can be run on any operating system that supports the exe format, and the user by specifying atmospheric parameters can automatically estimate the LST. This application can also be used in various sectors such as agricultural systems, and climate and water resources management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Comparing artificial neural network, support vector machine and object-based methods in preparation land use/cover mapsusing landSat-8 images
Farnoush Aslami Ardavan Ghorbani Behrouz Sobhani Mohsen PanahandehPreparing the maps of land use/cover for spatial planning and management is essential. Nowadays, satellite images and remote sensing techniques have widespread applications according to their capabilities to produce the updated data and analyze the images in all discipl MorePreparing the maps of land use/cover for spatial planning and management is essential. Nowadays, satellite images and remote sensing techniques have widespread applications according to their capabilities to produce the updated data and analyze the images in all disciplines such as agriculture and natural resources. In the present study, Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machines and Object-Based techniques wereutilized for drawing the land use and vegetation maps in Ardabil, Namin, and Nir counties. The images of LandSat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) (2013) were usedafter geometric correction and topographic normalization and classified into 9 land use/cover classes including water bodies, irrigated farming, rainfed farming, meadows, outcrops, forests, rangelands, residential and airport areas. After the accuracy assessment, overall accuracy for the produced maps of ANN, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Object-based (OB) techniques was estimated as 89.91, 85.68 and 94.37%, respectively and Kappa's coefficients were 0.88, 0.82 and 0.93, respectivelyindicating that the object-based method in comparison with two other methods has more advantages;on the other hand, all three methods could provide the desirable accuracy for the land use/covermaps. Overally, three advanced classification methods were examined in the heterogeneous area with elevation changes up to 3600m using the images of new lunched Landsat 8 and the most appropriate land use/cover mapping method was introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Evaluation of surface temperature in relation to land use/cover using remote sensing data
Behrouz Ahmadi Ardavan Ghorbani Taher Safarrad Behrouz SobhaniThis study aimed to evaluate land surface temperature in relation to vegetation and urban land use using remote sensing data within the city of Ardabil and urban margin of up to 15km radius, using 2010 Landsat TM image, after preprocessing, such as data preparation, rad MoreThis study aimed to evaluate land surface temperature in relation to vegetation and urban land use using remote sensing data within the city of Ardabil and urban margin of up to 15km radius, using 2010 Landsat TM image, after preprocessing, such as data preparation, radiometric and geometric correction, which was performed using ENVI®4.7 software. Then for measuring the surface temperature, the thermal band of an image using relevant equations for converting digital numbers to radiance and radiance to brightness temperature was used. In the next step for calculating emissivity the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) index was used and finally land use map in six classes using supervised classification method were extracted from the image. For extracting the vegetation fraction the Dimidiate model was used. To assess the accuracy of surface temperature extracted from the image, hourly data from 4 weather stations was used and to reconcile these data with each other, a simple regression equation was used. Results show that the coefficient of relationship between land surface temperature (derived from the image) and air temperature recorded at the stations was 0.79 and the correlation between recorded air temperature of stations and derived air temperature from the image was obtained 0.99. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Change detection in land use using remote sensing data and GIS (Case study: Ardabil county)
Marzieh Mosayebi Mohsen MalekiPopulation growth, urban development and the need of new residential regions and resources for human food, enhanced land use changes all over the world. The aim of this study was detection of land use changes in the last 25 years in the county of Ardabil. In this resear MorePopulation growth, urban development and the need of new residential regions and resources for human food, enhanced land use changes all over the world. The aim of this study was detection of land use changes in the last 25 years in the county of Ardabil. In this research, changes in land use were investigated based on LandSat imagery interpretation in three time periods between, 1987, 1998 and 2010 using GIS and remote sensing techniques and statistical methods. The map of study region was then georeferenced using DGN after geometric and atmospheric correction. Sample points in each land use class were taken in sufficient number and of suitable distribution among the study area. Using supervised classification (maximum likelihood algorithm), the best band combination and the land use maps for the years 1987, 1998, and 2010 were produced. The accuracy of the produced land use maps using overall accuracy and Kappa statistic was approved. The results indicated that some irrigated farming, gardens, residential and industrial areas and degraded lands have increased between 1987 and 2010; and the area of some land uses have decreased such as forests, rangelands and dry farming areas during this period. According to the findings from this research on the period of 1987-1998, rangelands and forests decreased 10.20% and 0.5% respectively, but dry farming lands, irrigated farming lands, and the barrier lanes have increased 5.62%, 1.8%, and 1.8% respectively. In the period of 1998-2010 rangelands, dry farming lands and forests have decreased 7.9%, 11.52% and 3.69% respectively, but irrigated farming lands have increased 1.2% and the barrier lands have also increased 17.7%. The kappa coefficient of land use maps was calculated 0.81, 0.87 and 0, 89 for the years 1987, 1998 and 2010 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Explain the factors affecting the development of sports entrepreneurship; Sociological and ecological approach
Nima Hasanzadeh Zahra SohrabiObjective: The purpose of this study was to carefully study the past and present process, opportunities and threats of the external environment in analyzing the process of sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil.Methodology: The method of the present research is descriptive- MoreObjective: The purpose of this study was to carefully study the past and present process, opportunities and threats of the external environment in analyzing the process of sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil.Methodology: The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of this study consisted of specialists (professors), experts, experts and sports entrepreneurs of Ardabil province. Thirty people were selected as a statistical sample through purposive sampling. In this study, the PESTLE model was used to identify the factors affecting the development of sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil.Results: Factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship were identified from six perspectives (economic, socio-cultural), (environmental and climatic), (legal and legal), technological factors and political factors.The importance of the entrepreneurship debate is such that economists consider entrepreneurs as the engine of economic growth and development of society and scientists consider their management as one of the most important factors of organizational change and innovation in the present age. And will have variety. Increasing sponsorships and sports promotion will increase the economic prosperity that has provided the basis for activities and production of industries in Ardabil province, as well as the establishment of production factories and the construction of infrastructure for commercial and cultural centers. The leverage of sports for advertising will provide a platform for hardware and reduce costs and ultimately productive use.Sports entrepreneurship recognizes existing, creatable, or discoverable opportunities in the field of sports and uses those opportunities to create emerging entrepreneurial activity. Also, creating sports culture in the community and identifying sports culture and the existence of social capital, as well as extensive advertising and creating effective cultural advertisements can promote health and social vitality and stimulate social communication and create social dignity through sports for Ardabil province in the field of sports entrepreneurship. Creates. Management of sports venues and facilities is another field of sports that has the necessary ground for entrepreneurship. Stadiums, stadiums, swimming pools, racetracks and all kinds of sports are suitable for the sports venue, which makes the need for creative and efficient management unavoidable. Each of these departments requires specific managerial skills.Due to the fact that Ardabil province is cold and has suitable weather conditions for winter sports, and also due to the humidity and altitude of Ardabil province and the suitable climate for using some cold weather disciplines, it can improve the environmental and climatic conditions affecting entrepreneurship development. As well as weather conditions and tourism attraction can be a platform for adventure sports tourism, as well as an increase in recreation centers and shopping centers in recreational areas.Observance of regulations in all aspects of sports, as well as determining legal plans for entrepreneurship development, as well as creating classes and workshops, and determining executive and legal programs and training classes, including legal factors affecting entrepreneurship development, such as long-term lending for sports goods and Entrepreneurship protection laws and legal protections and compliance with regulations are among the things that can affect the development of entrepreneurship in Ardabil province.Considering that today, with the arrival of new technologies in the field of sports, new disciplines have emerged that have been of particular interest to adolescents and young people, as well as the use of world-class technology and the use of state-of-the-art technology for the private sector. Effective and efficient for the development of entrepreneurship can be effective in creating a sports technology software platform and the development of sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil province. Also, suitable facilities in clubs and advanced equipment and increasing the number of equipped gyms can be effective in creating a hardware platform for sports technology and the development of sports entrepreneurship in the province. The use of advertising in cyberspace can also be one of the technological factors affecting the development of sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil province.Given that today's organizations need entrepreneurial staff and entrepreneurship is a turning point in the path, so the country's sports organizations need efficient managers and employees to be able to achieve their goals, managers can use job leadership style can job satisfaction Organizational commitment, entrepreneurial behavior and consequently increase the productivity of their organization. Also, talent identification of active forces and ultimately meritocracy can be one of the political factors affecting the development of entrepreneurship in public sports in Ardabil province. Also, reducing administrative barriers and bureaucracies and supporting departments of domestic production units and the existence of popular government and ethnicities and creating infrastructure and investments, as well as attracting investments and separating women and men sports and accepting hosting competitions are among the political factors affecting the development of public sports entrepreneurship in Ardabil province.Conclusion: Entrepreneurship plays a very key role in the economic and sustainable development of all societies. It seems that the problem of unemployment in society has become so large that only by creating a new market in the economy can create jobs for this volume of unemployed, a market that in addition to creating employment on a large scale, can also increase economic growth and development of the country. Guarantee. The need of the sports community and the labor market for efficient human resources and entrepreneurship requires that great and positive steps be taken in the country for the education and training of individuals. To achieve such goals in training and educating the workforce and injecting it into the labor market, the production of sports equipment and sports organizations and sports organizations must be planned in a way that is consistent and appropriate coordination between what is learned and the needs of the sports community and learners. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Intertextual Relationship of Safvat-al-Safa and Asrar-al-Tawhid (Based on Theory of Gerard Genette)
khodabakhsh Asadollahi Sorraya KarimiGerard Genette, one of the prominent scholars, relates the intertextuality of each text with its predecessors and in the theory of over-texture, the relation between any texts has been raised with its prefaced text. During the mystical period the discussion of mystics h MoreGerard Genette, one of the prominent scholars, relates the intertextuality of each text with its predecessors and in the theory of over-texture, the relation between any texts has been raised with its prefaced text. During the mystical period the discussion of mystics has been remarkable with similar views and the structure of mystical tokens such as Safvat-al-Safa and the Asrar-al-Tawhid based on certain thoughts and speeches of mysticism. This study aims at enlightening the mystical aspects of the eighth century it is argued that the Qaramate and the ideas of Sheikh Safi according to the viewpoint and Qaramate of Abu Sa'id Abu- al-Khair in terms of the theory of genes. As a result of this research, intertextual orientation of Safvat al-Safa is welcomed in the wake of Abu Sa'id Abu- al-Khair thoughts in Asrar-al-Tawhid. The similarity of the themes of Safvat al-Safa with the wisdom of Qaramati like Tey-al-arz, Farasat, Death issues, people̕ s rescues and the like and the moral and educational concepts such as Self-education, Covering, and other issues of the intertextual relationship between these two works is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Introduction and Criticism on Outstanding Descriptions over Shabestari’s Golshaneraz
Abdolhosein LatifiPoems of Golshan­e­raz can truly be encountered as a complete course of speculative mysticism and even its certificate. in spite of its small bulk and its few couplets, Golshan­e­raz explains the valuable and deep contents of mysticism exactly. These cha MorePoems of Golshan­e­raz can truly be encountered as a complete course of speculative mysticism and even its certificate. in spite of its small bulk and its few couplets, Golshan­e­raz explains the valuable and deep contents of mysticism exactly. These characteristics have complicated an exact understanding even for the experts. Thus numerous descriptions have been written on it. Introducing the most signiticant descriptions of Golshan­raz, this article seeks to assert and criticize the prominent attributes of them briefly. As a conclusion, it can be said that among the important descriptions of Golshan­e­raz, Mafatihol­eajaz is the most significant and effective one; because it deals with all couplets of Golshan­e­raz and its contents are very deep and complicated simultaneously so that the latter descriptions are more or less affected by it . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Earthquake ground-motion prediction in the Khalkhal region, NW Iran
Akram Alizadeh Fatemeh Salehi -
Open Access Article
51 - Petrogenesis of volcanic rocks from Razei region in Northwest Ardabil, Iran
Yousef VasighThe Razei region in the northwest of Ardabil is considered a part of West Alborz-Azerbaijan. Rocks in this area were created by Eocene volcanic activities. These rocks range from andesite to olivine basalt. The common texture of these rocks is Porphyritic with microlith MoreThe Razei region in the northwest of Ardabil is considered a part of West Alborz-Azerbaijan. Rocks in this area were created by Eocene volcanic activities. These rocks range from andesite to olivine basalt. The common texture of these rocks is Porphyritic with microlithic matrix. The phenocrysts of these rocks are often clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and olivine. The texture is made of microlithic plagioclase and fine crystals of pyroxene. The studied rocks have clear desire to alkali basalts in terms of chemical nomenclature. Disequilibrium factors between liquid and crystal show the processes of magmatic evolution in an open thermodynamic system. The mixed climate in this region has probably contributed the most to changing the chemical composition of these rocks. In the spider diagrams, enrichments often include some LIL elements and depletions usually include some HFS elements. Enrichment of LILE is probably accompanied with the contamination of the basic magma with materials from continental lithosphere. The volcanic rocks in Razei have mainly geochemical characteristics of back arc basin, and the magmas that created the rocks in this region have an origin of lithospheric mantle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Physical policies of smart city with emphasis on smart growth approach (case study: Ardabil city)
nasrin mosaddeg Hossein Nazmfar parviz norouzi saniThe urban system of Iran, in addition to the problems and problems related to the rapid growth of the population and the increase in urbanization, with challenges such as the unbalanced and unbalanced spatial structure, the incompatibility of the cities with the natural MoreThe urban system of Iran, in addition to the problems and problems related to the rapid growth of the population and the increase in urbanization, with challenges such as the unbalanced and unbalanced spatial structure, the incompatibility of the cities with the natural environment and most importantly with the reduction or depletion of natural resources, crises and numerous pollutions. environment is struggling, at the same time and from another point of view, according to the developments in the field of information and communication technology, the city is passing from a purely physical settlement with visible and traditional functions to a physical settlement with invisible functions. And the new is next to its traditional functions. With these interpretations, the goal of this research is the realization of a smart city based on the physical indicators of smart growth. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical. The required sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula and Morgan's table, and according to the total number of the statistical population of the study, which is 160 people, the sample size of the study was 113 people. The data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The findings show that among the regions of Ardabil city, regions 1 and 4 had the potential of a smart city with 0.33 and 0.26, respectively, and region 3 with a score of 0.20 had half the potential and region 2 as well. With a score of 0.19, they lacked the potential of a smart city. The results show that there is a significant difference between the urban areas of Ardabil in terms of compatibility with smart urban growth indicators, and the extent to which different areas have research indicators is not the same. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Qualitative Assessment of Ardabil Plain Groundwater Wells
ابراهیم Fatei سمیه Nedaei-Gilarlo نسیم Seedsadegian S.T Seedsafavian R. SadeghiUnderground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agric MoreUnderground water resources of Ardabil plain is used for drinking, industry and agriculture activities in the studyarea. In order to water quality assessment of Ardabil plain wells to use in agricultural purposes water quality of81 deep wells that are utilized for agricultural irrigation was evaluated. In this study electrical conductivity,sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate and total hardness were measured.Studied wells were classified based on the percentage of sodium, EC and sodium adsorption ratio. By means ofPiper Diagram most of Ardabil Plain water is as carbonate type; in these wells are predominant sodium andpotassium. Wilcox diagram showed that 45 % of samples(35 sample) are in middle-saline class, 43.5 % ofsamples(34 sample) in saline class, 11.5 % of samples(9 sample) in very saline class Overall, the risk of salinityis moderate to high and alkalinity risk is lower. These waters are relatively suitable for agricultural uses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Pirtaqi dam and hydroelectric power plant site selection using multi-criteria evaluation (AHP)
Rezvan Yaghuobi Jafar Rahnamarad Fatemeh JamshidianThe Pirtaqi dam will be constructed in 50 km eastern of Miyaneh and 45 km south-western of Khalkhal, onQezel-Oezan River in Ardebil province. For the Pirtaqi site were purposed two dam site, named 15 and 15A. Inthis paper by using multi-criteria evaluation of AHP (Analy MoreThe Pirtaqi dam will be constructed in 50 km eastern of Miyaneh and 45 km south-western of Khalkhal, onQezel-Oezan River in Ardebil province. For the Pirtaqi site were purposed two dam site, named 15 and 15A. Inthis paper by using multi-criteria evaluation of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process), the preferred dam site fordam construction had presented. For selection of best dam site have been descript 8 criteria and 26 sub criteria,then had evaluated by using Super Decision software. On the base of preferred evaluations for sub criteria thathad depended to Q, RMR, and DMR classifications, quantitative values of RQD, SPI and GSI, permeability ofbanks and bed rock, uniaxial compressive strength, deformation modulus's, stability and conditions of powerplant tunnel, major joints and faults in dam axis, excavation volume, depth of weak pyroclastic rocks andalluvium texture, the 15A dam site has higher scores of pair wise comparison matrix and has been presented forpreferred dam site Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Role of ICT in Sustainable Tourism Development and Natural Resources Capabilities: a Case Study of Ardabil Province
Alireza Hatefi Ardakani Alireza Estehlaji -
Open Access Article
56 - Investigating the distribution of administrative centers in Ardabil with the principles of passive defense
Saleh Peydayesh hosin nazmfar Mohammad Taghi MasomiThe historical study of cities shows a kind of defensive perspective in the context and construction of cities. Even today, in most countries of the world, despite the changes Basically in war patterns, the issue of defense against aggression and hostile actions has a s MoreThe historical study of cities shows a kind of defensive perspective in the context and construction of cities. Even today, in most countries of the world, despite the changes Basically in war patterns, the issue of defense against aggression and hostile actions has a special place in the heart of urban and regional planning. Passive defense refers to a set of measures that do not require the use of weapons and its implementation will reduce human casualties and financial damage to vital and sensitive equipment and facilities, and by using it can be in case of threats and attacks and damage. And damage, immediately rebuild or replace forces and facilities and continue services. The main purpose of this study is to study the field of Ardabil administrative centers with the principles of passive defense against threats and for this purpose to study the historical geography of Ardabil from defense and security aspects and defense considerations for the city in the past. Passive defense measures in the history of civilization in Ardabil have been studied. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical; One of the most important tools for data collection is the study and field study of the distribution of sensitive and important offices and centers and their distribution in the GIS environment is examined. The current situation of the city in terms of distribution of offices, important centers and Sensitive has been studied by preparing GIS maps for Ardabil city and finally a practical solution has been presented in observing the principles of passive defense in Ardabil urban planning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Analyse of Neolithisation of the East Azerbaijan (Ardabil province) on the Basis of Archaeological Documents of Ghousha Tepe Shaharyeri
Hassan Derakhshi Alireza Hejebri NobariNeolithic period is an important event and turning point in history and life of human being, since this era is a change from human dependence in nature to its control and management. The process of this evolution is quite complicated and included important social, econo MoreNeolithic period is an important event and turning point in history and life of human being, since this era is a change from human dependence in nature to its control and management. The process of this evolution is quite complicated and included important social, economical, cultural and environmental factors. Along with the mentioned factors above, archeological studies show that many areas in near-east have experienced Neolithisation, while the other zones such as Azerbaijan were part of marginal districts, and the Neolithisation of these zones was the diffusion and reflection of Neolithic centers. Therefore, peripheral plains near the lake -as a center of regionwere settled for first the time by non-regional groups in the last stage Neolithic, and again the same center(peripheral plains beside lakes) was diffused to district with the passage of time. The important reasons can be the increase of settlements and consequently population which triggered the immigration of some groups of the population that consisted of seasonal transhumance. They were more of seasonal pastoral people who identified and settled in other zones far from lakes, such as one of the far regions from center in Meshkin Shahr Plain where Ghousha Tepe was the first of its settlement site. Having explained and analyzed the Neolithic period in Azerbaijan in this paper, particularly its eastern area(Ardebil province) - on the basis of archaeological data of Ghousha tepe, it was concluded that this site, at first, was formed at last century of 6th millennium and at the beginning of 5th millennium by people who were familiar with Neolithic culture of lakes. And secondly, since then, the permanent convergence and cooperation lasted between Ghousha Tepe and Uremia Lake even in Chalcolithic era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Dakkatol-Qada in the Mosque of Kufa from an Ancient Point of View and Judging at the Beginning of Islam “Looking at the Judicial Jurisprudence of Ayatollah Mousavi Ardabili”
Zahra Ahmadi Afzadi Mohamad Sadegh Elmi Sola Hosein NaseriMoghadam -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigating the effect of several biological inputs on the quantity and quality of essential compounds of medicinal plant (Matricaria chamomilla) in Ardabil province
Hojjat Eghbal Yousef Jahani Jelodar Mehdi Ahmadi SabeghAn experiment was conducted in 1401 in the lands of Andzaq village, Meshgin Shahr city, located in Ardabil province. Application of vermicompost: at two levels of zero (V0) and 5 tons per hectare as soil application before planting (V1), application of growth promoting MoreAn experiment was conducted in 1401 in the lands of Andzaq village, Meshgin Shahr city, located in Ardabil province. Application of vermicompost: at two levels of zero (V0) and 5 tons per hectare as soil application before planting (V1), application of growth promoting bacteria (PGRP) as inoculation with seeds, at 2 levels: inoculation with a mixture of 2 Azospirillium and Azotobacter bacteria (F1) and without inoculation (F0), - Nitrogen from urea source: in 3 levels zero (N0) and 50 (N50) and 100 kg/ha (N100) in pure form. The results showed that the combined use of vermicompost and inoculum has a synergistic effect and growth-promoting bacteria with vermicompost can work in a better environment and substrate and can fix nitrogen. So that the effect of vermicompost in improving the percentage of essential oil in different levels of nitrogen varies from 15% in N0 to 3% in N50 and up to 10% in N100. The effect of using different levels of nitrogen on the yield of essential oil was very significant, so that the use of 100 kg of nitrogen was about 79% effective on the yield of essential oil, and the use of 50 kg of nitrogen was also about 42% effective on the yield and the yield reached 836 kg. In high amounts of nitrogen, the percentage of camazolin increased. The lowest amounts of alpha-bisabolol amount to 19.4%, 19.8, 20.7 and 21. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Phytochemical investigation of organic Alkaloid composition of Medicinal Plant (Peganum harmala L.) collected from several growing areas of Ardabil province
Hojjat Eghbal Solmaz Mousavinia Mehdi Ahmadi SabeghAs living organisms, plants produce secondary metabolites as a means of adapting to various ecological conditions and phenomena around them in order to preserve themselves and future generations. The country of Iran, with its high climatic diversity, is one of the riche MoreAs living organisms, plants produce secondary metabolites as a means of adapting to various ecological conditions and phenomena around them in order to preserve themselves and future generations. The country of Iran, with its high climatic diversity, is one of the richest sources of medicinal plants in the world. Medicinal plant (Peganum harmala L.) is one of the important medicinal plants of North-West Iran and has a wide distribution in most regions of the country. The seeds of this medicinal plant are rich in alkaloids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, including cancer, rheumatism, diabetes, blood pressure, heart and blood vessels, etc. Medicinal compounds of plants are influenced by environmental factors such as salinity. For this purpose, pecan medicinal plant seeds were collected from Mashgin-Shahr, Garami and Pars-Abad regions of Ardabil province and its total alkaloid was determined in the research and development department laboratory of Danesh-Banyan Green Medicine Researchers. . Determination of total alkaloid was done by spectrophotometric method using bromocrosol green with 3 repetitions. The results of the study showed that the total amount of alkaloids in the plant seeds from Meshgin Shahr region was higher than other regions and the lowest amount of alkaloids was found in the plant seeds from Pars Abad region. The results obtained were significant at the 5% level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Evaluation of Organizational Performance Viewpoint of Faculty Members (Case Study: Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch)
Sadraddin Sattari Yosef NamvarThis research was aimed an Evaluation of organizational performance viewpoint of faculty members from viewpoint of faculty members based on ACHIEVE model in Islamic Azad University Ardabil branch. The research method was applied research and the data collecting method w MoreThis research was aimed an Evaluation of organizational performance viewpoint of faculty members from viewpoint of faculty members based on ACHIEVE model in Islamic Azad University Ardabil branch. The research method was applied research and the data collecting method was descriptive-survey type. The population in this research includes faculty members at first term in 1392-93 academic year, and the sample group selected by random sampling. For data collection, instrument of research was standard questionnaire with Likert spectrum. The Validity of instrument was surveyed by a number of specialist reviews, and the reliability was surveyed by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient as to be 0/941. The data of the study were analyzed via descriptive statistics, T test, freedman analysis and ANOVA. The results of the data analysis in this research were: The current situation of organizational performance at Islamic Azad University was above the moderate. Also, there were significant difference in organizational performance based on sex, age, discipline, and employment situation variables. The results of this study can be used to improve the university performance planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Surveying the Implementation of Learning Organization Components in Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch Based on Wick and Leon Model
Sadraddin Sattari Yosef Namvar Reza Rezaei ZarchiThe main purpose of this study was to survey the implementation of learning organization characteristics based on Wick and Leon model at the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch. The research method was ‘applied research& MoreThe main purpose of this study was to survey the implementation of learning organization characteristics based on Wick and Leon model at the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch. The research method was ‘applied research’ and the data collecting method was the ‘descriptive’ method (cross-sectional survey). The research population was all of full-time faculty members (230 members) in the Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch. 100 faculty members were selected as the samples of the study through random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for collecting the data. The validity of the questionnaire was surveyed by a number of specialists’ review and the reliability was surveyed by the Cronbach Alpha coefficient as to be 0.81 (r=0.81). The data of the study were analyzed via calculating the mean, standard deviation and one sample T-test. The results of the data analysis showed that learning organization characteristics were used in low quantity and there was a significant difference between current position and excellent position based on learning organization characteristic application. The results of this study can be used to improve universities and higher education institutions work processes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Evaluation of organizational performance viewpoint of faculty members (case study: Islamic Azad University Ardabil Branch)
Sadraddin Sattari Yosef NamvarThis research was aimed an Evaluation of organizational performance viewpoint of faculty members from viewpoint of faculty members based on ACHIEVE model in Islamic Azad University Ardabil branch. The research method was applied research and the data collecting method w MoreThis research was aimed an Evaluation of organizational performance viewpoint of faculty members from viewpoint of faculty members based on ACHIEVE model in Islamic Azad University Ardabil branch. The research method was applied research and the data collecting method was descriptive-survey type. The population in this research includes faculty members at first term in 1392-93 academic year, and the sample group selected by random sampling. For data collection, instrument of research was standard questionnaire with Likert spectrum. The Validity of instrument was surveyed by a number of specialist reviews, and the reliability was surveyed by Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient as to be 0/941. The data of the study were analyzed via descriptive statistics, T test, freedman analysis and ANOVA. The results of the data analysis in this research were: The current situation of organizational performance at Islamic Azad University was above the moderate. Also, there were significant difference in organizational performance based on sex, age, discipline, and employment situation variables. The results of this study can be used to improve the university performance planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The study of the rate of social health among primary school teachers in Ardabil and social factors associated to it
Mohammad Zali Arallou mohsen alaeiThe aim of this study was to evaluate social factors associated with social health of teachers. The goal of this study was applied and the research method was descriptive and correlation one; so in terms of data collection method it is a survey research method. The popu MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate social factors associated with social health of teachers. The goal of this study was applied and the research method was descriptive and correlation one; so in terms of data collection method it is a survey research method. The population of all primary school teachers in the city of Ardabil was 1975 people and according to Cochran formula for infinite population, the sample size was estimated 321 people. The sampling method was simple random. Both standard and self-made questionnaire were used for collecting data. Social health questionnaire (Keyes) and social factors associated with public health (self-made) in which the Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained 0/776 and 0/834 respectively that were indicative of the reliability of questions. To summarize the data, the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation …) was used and also inferential statistics was used for examining the relationship between variables (the Pearson correlation coefficient, as well as analysis of variance and independent T-test). The results indicated that, there is a significant difference between social health of teachers. And also there is a significant relationship between variables of social alienation, social trust, social commitment, responsibility, sense of security in the urban environment and social health of teachers, but there is no significant relation between age, number of children, income and social health of teachers. Also there is no significant difference between gender and social health of teachers. On the other hand, there is a significant difference between social health of teachers in terms of education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Investigation of the amount of bisphenol A in commercial bottled water (offered in Ardabil market) and optimization of ozonation to reduce it
M.A. Rahimizad Toulon H. Mirzaei A.A. Matin A. Javadi A. Amani Ghadim< p >Bisphenol A is a chemical substance that impairs estrogenic endocrine and the presence of BPA in water causes various problems for human health. The present study aims to evaluate the amount of BPA in bottled waters in Ardabil and to optimize the ozone condit More< p >Bisphenol A is a chemical substance that impairs estrogenic endocrine and the presence of BPA in water causes various problems for human health. The present study aims to evaluate the amount of BPA in bottled waters in Ardabil and to optimize the ozone condition for reducing it in water. For this purpose, 5 samples were selected out of 13 brands of bottled water. One sample of each brand was tested on the first day and 4 other samples were tested after 30 days of storage at temperatures of 5, 15, 25, and 40 °C using a high-performance liquid chromatography device. To determine the ozonation efficiency, at first, the concentration of consuming ozone, pH of the environment, duration of ozonation, and initial concentration of BPA were optimized and then tested under optimal conditions. On the first day, the amount of BPA in all brands was within the limits allowed by the Department of Health of America (20 µg/L). By increasing the temperature of storage, the amount of BPA increased in all samples and at 40 °C, its amount exceeded the allowable limit in 3 brands. Optimal conditions are achieved at an ozone concentration of 6 mg/l, pH equal to 7, concentration of dissolved BPA equal to 10 mg/l, and ozonation time in 10 minutes. Furthermore, ozonation in these conditions removed 90% of BPA in water. In general, it can be declared that the contamination of BPA in bottled waters increases during preservation, and especially at temperatures higher than a refrigerator (out of the refrigerator), and ozonation under optimized condition is an effective method to reduce it. < p > TRANSLATE with x English Arabic Hebrew Polish Bulgarian Hindi Portuguese Catalan Hmong Daw Romanian Chinese Simplified Hungarian Russian Chinese Traditional Indonesian Slovak Czech Italian Slovenian Danish Japanese Spanish Dutch Klingon Swedish English Korean Thai Estonian Latvian Turkish Finnish Lithuanian Ukrainian French Malay Urdu German Maltese Vietnamese Greek Norwegian Welsh Haitian Creole Persian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster Portal Back //TRANSLATE with xEnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW BackEMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack// Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Survey on gastrointestinal parasitic helminthes in club and rural horses of Ardabil city, Iran
Parisa Shabazi Mohammad Tooloei Elnaz Zamanzad Ghavidel Armin HassanzadehParasitic diseases are considered as a major obstacle in the growth and development of animal health all over the world. Horses, in comparison to other domestic animals are reported to be more susceptible to a large number of parasites and may harbor different species a MoreParasitic diseases are considered as a major obstacle in the growth and development of animal health all over the world. Horses, in comparison to other domestic animals are reported to be more susceptible to a large number of parasites and may harbor different species at any time. The present study was carried out to establish the Gastrointestinal Parasites (GIP) profile of club and rural horses in Ardabil city. A total of 50 horses made up of 34 males and 16 females were examined in spring and summer, 2015. Fecal samples were processed by flotation techniques. GIP encountered were Strongyles (34%), Parascaris equorum (20%), Strongyloides westrii (12%), Anoplocephalidae (6%), Trichostrongylus spp. (4%), Ornithobilharzia turkestanicum (4%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum­ (2%). According to the results, no significant differences in infection rate were found between male and female horses. But infection rates were significantly higher in horses without a history of anti-parasitic treatment in comparison with those with a history of anti-parasitic treatment (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between infected and uninfected horses regarding age despite more infection being observed in horses aged 6–10 yrs. Also, significant difference in infection rate between club and rural horses was not observed. Meanwhile in 4% of samples (2 rural horses), infection with Ornithobilharzia was found which is the first report of this parasite in horses in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Investigating the Effect of Marketing Capabilities on Organizational Productivity with the Mediating Role of Brand Equity
Naser SeifollahiNowadays, competition in business has made paying attention to productivity, customer and brand satisfaction more and more important. Achieving higher performance is a goal that organizations take various steps to achieve. Marketing capabilities reflect marketing activi MoreNowadays, competition in business has made paying attention to productivity, customer and brand satisfaction more and more important. Achieving higher performance is a goal that organizations take various steps to achieve. Marketing capabilities reflect marketing activities such as customer relationship management, the effectiveness of promotional activities, and product differentiation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of marketing capabilities on organizational productivity with the mediating role of brand equity. The type of research was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of the nature of the descriptive-correlation method and the statistical population of the study included managers, experts and employees of the textile company and 320 people. The sample size was 175 based on Morgan table, which was selected by stratified sampling method from among three classes of managers, experts and employees. Three questionnaires of internal marketing capabilities, organizational productivity and brand equity were used to collect data. Validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the hypotheses. Data were analyzed using SPSS and PLS software. According to the research findings, marketing capabilities have a positive and significant effect on organizational productivity and among the dimensions of marketing capabilities, marketing research has the greatest impact on marketing capabilities. Brand equity also mediates between marketing capabilities and organizational productivity. Research findings can be effective in moving textile companies to pay more attention to marketing capabilities and brand equity to improve productivity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Identification of the Relationship between Knowledge Management Processes and Social Security Staff Empowering (Case study: Social security organization of Ardabil Province)
Jalal Rezaye Noor Hamidreza Zarghami Yaser MmshiThis research has been developed to identify the relationship betweenknowledge management processes and social security organization staffempowering in Ardabil province .In fact , the major and basic question ofthe research is , ((Is there any relationship between knowl MoreThis research has been developed to identify the relationship betweenknowledge management processes and social security organization staffempowering in Ardabil province .In fact , the major and basic question ofthe research is , ((Is there any relationship between knowledge managementprocesses and staff empowering in the social security organization ofArdabil Province)). In order to analyze the question, knowledgemanagement factors based on Lawson model were analyzed. Spreitzermodel has also been used to analyze the empowering situation. The Standardquestionnaire for knowledge management processe and its factors as anindependent variable includes 24 questions and that of empowering as adependent variable includes 15 questions. Content validity procedure andviews of university professors were used for validity test. The reliabilitycoefficient of the questionnaires was 80% and because Cronbach alpha ofthe questionnaires was more than 70%, both questionnaires had the neededreliability. The testees are 140 members of social security organization thathave been chosen by random sampling procedure. Structural equation modelhas also been used for analyzing the data. The results show that there is ameaningful relationship between knowledge management and social securityorganization staff empowering in Ardabil Province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Explaining the social factors affecting Gendering in the youth of Ardabil city with the approach of structural equation modeling
Ahmad Jahani Kalasar Mohammad Mahdi Rahmati Egbaleh Azizkhani -
Open Access Article
70 - Child-Friendly Cities From the perspective of children(Case Study: Department of Education Area 1 Ardebil)
بهرام ایمانی کلثوم یارمحمدی کبری یارمحمدیChild-friendly city is a city where the wants and needs of children is important to designers and urban planners. Among the features of the city with regard to children's rights and their opinions. The present study aimed at children participating in the creation of the MoreChild-friendly city is a city where the wants and needs of children is important to designers and urban planners. Among the features of the city with regard to children's rights and their opinions. The present study aimed at children participating in the creation of the built environment around them and therefore their opinions are analyzed. Using descriptive and analytical method based on documentary research and field surveys such as questionnaires and interviews And their ideas about places of interest situation in the city who want to have been studied . The results show that the facilities were very poor city children And except for a few children's playground and parks and amusement, not intended for them is another special atmosphere. Played little role in their children and reach them home and school, parks and play spaces is limited . More than 50 percent of children in Ardabil do not take advantage of their neighborhood as a place to play That's why the neighborhood planning should be the child as the most important center where you spent your time special attention. A Case Study of Ardabil distance markers It is a child friendly city. Which requires careful planning to participate in the design of the city's children are In this regard, several proposals, including organizing public health services, Planning for beggars and street beggars, especially children, to address their climate and bad breath, Wall posts and appropriate attention to design and attention is given to the neighborhood in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Modeling with Mathematical Models the DEA for the Estimated of Penetration Rate and Access to Municipal Services (Case study: Socio-cultural services in Ardebil city)
farhad barandakGreat value the justice in the society of the perspective of the Quran to the extent that Justice as a basic principle raised and God gives orders its. The main cause of the crisis of human societies is injustice. Injustice concept of spatial planning, challenges the Ce MoreGreat value the justice in the society of the perspective of the Quran to the extent that Justice as a basic principle raised and God gives orders its. The main cause of the crisis of human societies is injustice. Injustice concept of spatial planning, challenges the Centralization theory. Also, this concept in urban land-use planning, is one component of sustainable urban development. In this descriptive and analytical study, using DEA-TOPSIS/GIS, Paid to evaluate the efficiency of the urban core of Ardebil in terms of penetration and operating radius of the city's service centers; Faced with dimensions of spatial - population of cells. This method uses two virtual ideal and anti-ideal DMU and measures the efficiency of each DMU according to virtual ones, putting this results in a relative neighborhood index we are able to rank DMU's. The results of the study showed that; is efficient 6 urban core with a total area of about 1,000 hectares in middle of the city. On the other, the index at rest areas (especially at edges of the city) is reflect the Lack of influence of the (same) municipal services to these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Survey of Comparative of Psychological Capital Situation of Rural Areas in Term of Tourism, Case Study, Ardabil County.
Vakil Heidari SarebanTourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes, as well as day visits or excursions. The purpose o MoreTourism is the temporary short-term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes, as well as day visits or excursions. The purpose of this essay is survey of comparative of psychological capital of rural areas in term of tourism in Ardabil County. This survey is functional type and its analytical-explanatory. The population of this study is over 269 persons were selected by multistage random sampling, and the tool is researcher's questionnaire. Formal validity of questionnaire was proven by expert panels. A survey with the same population with 30 questionnaires was held, and a finding by the use of Cronbach alpha formula in the SPSS software obtained stability was 0.79. Study results from t test regarding the Psychological Capital and tourism development of the two group show that there is no significant relation between the variable of hope independent variable (tourism development). But there is significant relation between the variable of self-efficacy, optimism, resiliency and self-confidence and the independent variable (tourism development). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Study and Prioritization of Ardabil Province Cities in terms of Tourism Infrastructures and Attractions
Ata Ghafari Ebrahim Firoozi Milad Hosseini Amir Reza Khavarian GarmsirOne of the problems of tourism in iran, such as Ardabil province is lack of balance in space organization and lack of hierarchy based on interactive relationship between tourism areas. Ranking of substructures and tourism attractions in different areas of a province and MoreOne of the problems of tourism in iran, such as Ardabil province is lack of balance in space organization and lack of hierarchy based on interactive relationship between tourism areas. Ranking of substructures and tourism attractions in different areas of a province and balanced distribution of substructures and balance of Inequality in different areas, is one of essential actions of tourism development. Therefore, ranking of areas is necessary for preparation programs of the land for guiding tourists based on possibilities, facilities and tourism substructures and for welfare of tourists and decreasing bioenvironment damages. The aim of present research is the ranking of cities in Ardabil province based on substructures and tourist attractions and studying the effective factors in attracting the tourists and identifying the existent potentials in the regions. The research method is descriptive - analytic and applicational method. The used measures in the present research have been selected by using views of specialists of related area and using the existent theoretical bases. AHP model has been used for determining the importance of the used measures in the research and VIKOR model has been used for ranking the cities of the province. The research results indicate that Ardabil, meshkinshahr, and sarein have been scored 1,2,3 for having substructures and tourist attractions, respectively. The considerable point is that, much tendency is not observed for making related substructures in some of the cities, although they have tourist attractions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Assessment of spatial justice in scattering development using the model Integration
Hossein Nazmfar Ali Eshghi Faramarz Montazerihe beginnings of social justice have rooted in spatial and environmental justice. Spatial justice one of issues programming is based on geography it aims is satisfy the needs of the residents of geographical areas. Extensive spatial zones Ardebil Affected by the spatial Morehe beginnings of social justice have rooted in spatial and environmental justice. Spatial justice one of issues programming is based on geography it aims is satisfy the needs of the residents of geographical areas. Extensive spatial zones Ardebil Affected by the spatial injustice of the development indicators. Thus, present study investigates and the assessment of spatial justice in development governorates city of Ardabil. Research method is Descriptive- analytical with applied purpose. The statistical population is included 10 city Ardebil According to the Statistical Yearbook 1390. To assess spatial justice in development of the city of 40 indicators has been used developed effectively. To determine the importance of each of the indices of Shannon entropy method and to analyze and ranking city used from two TOPSIS model and VIKOR. Since the the results of the two models in some cases were inconsistent with each other, to reach a general consensus, has been used Integration method (mean rank, Bordar, Copeland). The results the integration techniques show that Ardabil city ranked first in terms of of having Is a very good indicator of the development of the situation. . After this city, a city in a developed Vnmyn anklet, cities of khalkhal and Namin in a developed, City of Sarein and Kosar semi-developed, City of Meshkin Shahr, Pars Abad and nire less developed And city of moghan and Bilesuar are deprived of in development indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Comparison Indicators of quality of life of opinion of the citizens (Case study: Two region city of ardabil)
Chanoor Mohammadi Hossein NazmfarNowadays quality of life and quality of urban life focuses mainly on urban environment And review of necessary and important it is that this has always been the prime concern of planners. The population tends to concentrate in cities around the world, one of the main re MoreNowadays quality of life and quality of urban life focuses mainly on urban environment And review of necessary and important it is that this has always been the prime concern of planners. The population tends to concentrate in cities around the world, one of the main reasons the concept of quality of life studies. A person's quality of life shows the benefit of, not just the things that they have, but all that person the opportunity to choose their options. This study measures the quality of life for the citizens of the district is two city of Ardabil. Applied research, field data collection (questionnaire) and C (library) and the purposes of the study, the subject and nature is a cross-sectional study. Statistical society were selected two the city of Ardabil the region's thirteen districts, which uses a sample of 385 samples And with a choice of 6 index security, personal well-being and social welfare, economy, communications (transport), housing and the environment using the Shannon entropy weighting and Comparison of quality of life of the saw. The results show the district two Ardabil terms of quality of life there is a huge difference the highest inequality index individual well-being and social welfare. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - An Analysis of the Spatial Extent of Educational Poverty in Ardabil
fazel ahadi Hossein Nazmfar Mohamad tagj Masumi Akbar AbraveshMain question (or main goal): Assessing the level of educational poverty in different blocks of Ardabil city and clustering educational poverty in this city (very poor, poor, average, prosperous, very prosperous). In the 21st century, one of the indicators of urban deve MoreMain question (or main goal): Assessing the level of educational poverty in different blocks of Ardabil city and clustering educational poverty in this city (very poor, poor, average, prosperous, very prosperous). In the 21st century, one of the indicators of urban development is the issue of low urban poverty. One of the components of urban poverty is educational poverty. This study showed that educational poverty has a cluster distribution and spatial autocorrelation in the Ardabil. However, the imbalance of spatial space between neighborhoods in this component has caused the disruption of spatial order and the growth of urban spiral in some parts of Ardabil and the marginalization of many other areas of the city. Relatively the southern and southwestern part of the city It includes very prosperous and prosperous blocks and poor and very poor blocks in terms of educational poverty are seen in the northwest and southeast. Hot spots include new settlements that were built after 1370 in Ardabil. In contrast, cold spots are more common on the outskirts of Ardabil and in informal settlements resulting from migration from other cities. The boundary between these two areas i.e., the central areas and in the whole basic texture of the city; includes: moderate spots and the border of educational poverty. Raw data of blocks were obtained based on the 1395 census, the rate of educational poverty was weighed using R software and ANP method and Arc GIS software was used to analyze hot spots in the spatial range of urban poverty according to their educational poverty Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Assessing the quality of life based on the City prosperity index in Ardabil
dariuosh jahani Hossein Nazmfar mohammad tagi masoomi rasool samadzadehRapid urban growth and unbalanced development, and consequently the increase in urban population on the one hand, and the complexity of urban issues on the other, have posed serious challenges to cities. In this regard, the model of City prosperity proposes a new approa MoreRapid urban growth and unbalanced development, and consequently the increase in urban population on the one hand, and the complexity of urban issues on the other, have posed serious challenges to cities. In this regard, the model of City prosperity proposes a new approach to urban prosperity and sustainability and seeks a fundamental solution to improve the quality of life. In this research, with an analytical-descriptive approach and with the aim of measuring and comparing the quality of life and the factors affecting it in different areas of Ardabil, the effects of this index in improving the City prosperity index have been investigated. 18 sub-criteria have been used to achieve the research goal. The information and data required in this research have been collected using library resources and statistics for 2016. For analysis, the data were standardized and the network analysis process (ANP) was used to weight each of the indicators. Then, using the Prometheus model, City prosperity is scored for each of the four districts of Ardabil. The results show that districts 1 and 2 of Ardabil city are in a relatively poor condition in terms of quality of life based on the quality of life component and districts 3 and 4 are in a poor condition. Also, the ranking of regions shows that region one and region four, with a score of 50.69 and 49.16, respectively, have the highest and lowest rates of City prosperity index based on the quality of life component. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Development of a Model for Sustainable Development of Rural tourism (Case Study: Villages of Hir District of Ardabil City)
Bahram Imani Behrooz AbplzadehA basic precondition for achieving sustainable tourism in rural areas of the country; Design, development and implementation of strategic planning by planners and managers of tourism destinations. The present study, in order to provide an effective model for tourism dev MoreA basic precondition for achieving sustainable tourism in rural areas of the country; Design, development and implementation of strategic planning by planners and managers of tourism destinations. The present study, in order to provide an effective model for tourism development in the villages of Hir district of Ardabil city, has considered the methodology and tools of a comprehensive strategy formulation as well as the AHP technique. Accordingly, according to the subject, the research is methodically descriptive-analytical and purpose-based and through two methods of data collection; Documentary and field to identify the current situation, analyze the situation and then provide strategic proposals. To achieve this important and evaluate the factors that promote and inhibit development in the form of SWOT method using a questionnaire based on purposeful jurisprudence, distribution and results have been extracted. The questionnaire was reproduced based on Cochran's method among 340 households in the studied villages. In total, with regard to 34 strengths and opportunities, 23 weaknesses and threats, and scores obtained from the matrix of internal and external factors, as well as the 9-house diagram, the extraction strategy is maintenance. Finally, thematic development strategies are prioritized using the AHP process and then executive plans are presented to implement each of the tourism development strategies to maintain and improve the status quo. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Analysis of Location Criteria of Ardabil Governorate with Passive Defense Approach (Case Study of Ardabil City)
Maryam Jami Mohammadhasan YazdaniThreats to urban areas are known today as a common phenomenon in all natural and unnatural crises. With the increase of natural crises, insecurity and destructive internal and external wars and the targeting of management and command centers, including governorates, the MoreThreats to urban areas are known today as a common phenomenon in all natural and unnatural crises. With the increase of natural crises, insecurity and destructive internal and external wars and the targeting of management and command centers, including governorates, the use of passive defense principles in locating government offices, especially governorates, becomes increasingly important. Considering the proximity of Ardabil city to the northern and northwestern borders of the country and also considering the fact that the governorate building of Ardabil city is located in the center of the city with poor access and traffic congestion, therefore, the present research aims to identify a new place to build The building of the governorate of Ardabil city has been done using indicators and principles of passive defense. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of nature. In line with the discussion framework, 23 indicators were prepared in the form of 6 components of compatibility, comfort, utility, efficiency, health and safety standards and passive defense. The collected data were weighted in the SuperDecision software, then mapped in the GIS environment and finally zoned using the TOPSIS technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Analyzing the Desirability of the Quality of Urban Spaces in Relation to the Pattern of Land Separation in Ardabil city (Niyar Neighborhood with a Mixed Pattern (Chess-Organic))
Ata Ghafari Gilandeh Samira Saeidi ZaranjiCreating quality living spaces is a prerequisite for any living complex. Developments that are carried out for the formation of settlements can be successful and achieve their ultimate goal, which is to achieve a high quality of life, when a correct plan is prepared for MoreCreating quality living spaces is a prerequisite for any living complex. Developments that are carried out for the formation of settlements can be successful and achieve their ultimate goal, which is to achieve a high quality of life, when a correct plan is prepared for them from the beginning and the development is carried out based on it and goes in line with it. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between the quality of urban space and the pattern of land separation in Ardabil city (Niyar neighborhood with a mixed (chess-organic) pattern). The current research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and based on structural equation modeling. Data collection was done through a questionnaire with 6 indicators (access, spatial and physical, transportation, mental comfort, security, enjoyment of the neighborhood) and 35 items based on the responses of the residents of Nayar neighborhood in Ardabil city and with a sample size of 120 people. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS, Smart-PLS software. The results of path coefficient analysis and one-sample t-test showed that the variables (security at night, outdoor safety, access to services, speed of cars in the neighborhood, space for car parking, inspiring space in the neighborhood, common open space between the house and neighbors) Children's play direction, mental comfort, the amount of public open space, parking of strangers' cars in front of the house, plant diversity in the park, and the integrity and continuity of the facade of the buildings in the neighborhood) have the highest amount of statistics, respectively (1.97, 2/18, 2/58, 2/07, 4/85, 13/64, 2/35, 2/27, 11/25, 2/12, 5/18, 2/28, 2/32) and the rest The variables have less effect, which shows the dissatisfaction of the people of this neighborhood with the quality of the urban space. Also, based on the results of the Pearson test, there is a positive and significant correlation between the variable of land segregation patterns and the quality of urban space. The obtained significance level is (0.024) and this relationship is unidirectional and strong according to the correlation (.466). Therefore, by identifying and evaluating the indicators of the quality of urban space according to the segregation pattern from the point of view of citizens, city managers can promote and improve the conditions and environmental quality of residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Analysis of Factors Preventing and Promoting the Development of Rural Women's Participation, A Case Study: Sardabe Village, Central Part of Ardabil
Bahram Imani Arastoo Yarihesar Ziba RohnavazAchieving development goals is impossible without paying attention to the role of women, and rural women play a key role as one of the main actors in achieving the Millennium Development Goals.The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors prevent MoreAchieving development goals is impossible without paying attention to the role of women, and rural women play a key role as one of the main actors in achieving the Millennium Development Goals.The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors preventing and promoting the development of rural women's participation in Sardaba district. The current research is practical in terms of its purpose, and the method used in it is a combined method with a sequential exploratory approach that uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the first phase, using the qualitative method of qualitative content analysis, the data collected through the review of available sources and interviews, key concepts were extracted from the text of notes and interviews, and during open coding, 18 inhibiting factors and 17 promoting factors were divided into three groups. The main economic, socio-cultural and political factors were identified. Then in the quantitative phase, using the survey method; The extracted indicators were ranked and analyzed. The necessary technique to obtain the required data is library and field (questionnaire). The statistical population of the present study is the population of women in 11 villages of Sardaba village in the central part of Ardabil city with a population of 3179. To determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used, and according to this formula, the statistical sample number was 345. Structural equation method and Lisrel software were used to analyze the data. The ranking based on the standardized factor load showed that socio-cultural factor with an effect factor of 0.95, political factor with an effect factor of 0.92, and economic factor with an effect factor of 0.89 are the most important factors hindering the development of rural women's participation. In terms of promoting factors, the political factor with an effect factor of 0.94 is the most important promoting factor in the development of rural women's participation. The socio-cultural factor with an effect factor of 0.90 is the second group, followed by the economic factors with an effect factor of 0.86 as factors that promote the development of rural women's participation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Feasibility study and identification of flood prone areas using multi-criteria decision making models (Case study: Ardabil city)
Yousef Darvishi Ali AsadiFlood is one of the most important and accident-prone natural hazards in Iran. Identifying flood areas and flood spreading is a key step in flood risk management, and flood risk zoning provides a small measurement of flood risk, so it is possible to send appropriate ale MoreFlood is one of the most important and accident-prone natural hazards in Iran. Identifying flood areas and flood spreading is a key step in flood risk management, and flood risk zoning provides a small measurement of flood risk, so it is possible to send appropriate alerts in the event of a flood risk and facilitate rescue operations. The downstream potential of Ardabil city basin helps to nourish the artificial environment of the basin and also increases the quality of environmental lands. The purpose of this study is to identify areas prone to flooding and flood spread in case of flood crisis. All processes and data analysis in ARC GIS environment using electron method and Boolean logic to weight and integrate layers such as (slope, erosion, land use, waterway network, soil, geology, land curvature, Quaternary unit, groundwater level, density Vegetation, runoff and soil moisture) were used and susceptible areas were identified when exposed to danger. The results showed that areas with high flood intensity have characteristics such as alluvial and convex sediments at the foot of steep slopes and watersheds with rock outcrops. The presence of fan-shaped alluvium and alluvial fans at the outlets of canals and waterways with mountainous watersheds and hills leading to low-lying plains is the presence of low-lying lands in relation to the surrounding lands. The final result of the analysis, both in the electrode method and in the overlap, gives the information that the central part is more at risk of flooding than the Samarin and Hir parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Analyzing the environmental impact of Ardabil municipality's performance in the sustainable development of historical contexts in order to preserve natural ecosystems
Behnam Joudi Marzieh Mogholi Ahmadali KhorrambakhtThe urban historical fabric is part of the history and memory of a city. With the development of cities and the increase of biological-environmental problems in all areas of cities, historical textures and natural ecosystems have faced special environmental problems due MoreThe urban historical fabric is part of the history and memory of a city. With the development of cities and the increase of biological-environmental problems in all areas of cities, historical textures and natural ecosystems have faced special environmental problems due to the weakness in providing urban services. Based on this, the behavior of environmental citizenship as a concept affecting the reduction of environmental problems in historical urban areas has been noticed by planners. The aim of the current research is the effect of the municipality's performance in the sustainable development of historical contexts on environmental citizenship behavior with an emphasis on trust and place-attachment and preservation of the natural ecosystems of Ardabil. The present study is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method, and questionnaires of municipal performance and environmental citizenship behavior were used to collect information. The statistical population of this research is all the residents of the historical context of Ardabil city, and the required sample size was 383 residents using Cochran's formula and selected by available sampling method. Also, the validity and reliability of the data analysis was done with the method of structural equation modeling in LISREL software. According to the positive coefficients obtained from this model, the T value for research relationships based on the data of this model, which were more than 1.96, have a positive and significant effect on environmental citizenship behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Land use mapping of Kaftareh Watershed of Ardabil using visual and digital processing of ETM+ image
ardavan ghorbani farnoosh aslami saeed ahmadabadi sahar ghaffariAbstract The availability of land use information permits decision-makers to develop plans in short to long-term period for the conservation, sustainable use and development of natural resources and watersheds. In this study, ETM+ image (2006), GPS and GIS were used fo MoreAbstract The availability of land use information permits decision-makers to develop plans in short to long-term period for the conservation, sustainable use and development of natural resources and watersheds. In this study, ETM+ image (2006), GPS and GIS were used for image interpretation, field data collection and land use mapping. Preprocessing and required correction have conducted. Initially, field visit have been conducted and different land uses have been defined. In the second step, image was visually interpreted and then training area has selected and using the maximum likelihood algorithm image was classified. According to the lack of the capability for detecting river beds and residential areas in digital image processing, integration of visual and digital interpretation (supervised classification) and object-based image analysis were used. Results show that, in visual interpretation, there is almost no capability to discriminate rangeland from dry farming land uses; however garden, residential areas and riverbeds are discriminated. Results of supervised classification show that there are problems to detect and discriminate different land uses; however, by integration of digital and visual interpretation, it is possible to use Landsat data to discriminate different land uses in the areas such as Kaftareh watersheds and Arshagh region of Ardabil province. The results of the evaluation of object-based classification accuracy showed the highest overall accuracy, because the method parameters such as scale, shape, tone and texture, in addition to using pixel values were used in classification, hence with appropriate segment creation, there is the possibility of precise discrimination of land uses such as residential areas from dryland farming. In the future studies, according to the importance of land use map in the studies such as natural resources, watershed managements and agriculture, it is better to use high spatial imagery and object-based methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Vegetation types and plant life forms of Alpine Sabalan in Ardabil provence
جابر shrifi اردوان Ghorbani محمد Fayyaz پروانه AshooriAlpine Meadows of Sabalan under the climates humid cold of Siberia, Hyrcanian and Mediterranean , vegetation types and plant elements is very diversity. In this study, described the main vegetation types and plant life forms. Also boundaries of vegetation types based on MoreAlpine Meadows of Sabalan under the climates humid cold of Siberia, Hyrcanian and Mediterranean , vegetation types and plant elements is very diversity. In this study, described the main vegetation types and plant life forms. Also boundaries of vegetation types based on the apparent form, name vegetation types, based on the dominant species, and vegetation area per hectare is estimated. A total of five major types of vegetation, including: A total of five main types of vegetation, including: Astragalus aureus- Alopecurus textilis - Festuca ovina, at an elevation of 2,500 to 3,350 m a.s.l in northern slopes Sabalan. Astragalus carduchorum-Alopecurus textilis-Festuca ovina at an elevation of 2800 to 3750 m a.s.l in southern slopes Sabalan., Astragalus sp - Festuca ovina - Trifolium repens at an elevation of 2600 to 3300 m a.s.l., Festuca sulcata - Alopecurus textiles - Carex sp. at an elevation of 3200 to 3700 m a.s.l overlooking to Haram mount and vegetation type Festuca ovina - Carex sp. at an elevation of 3220 to 3450 m a.s.l. is located on the eastern slopes Sabalan. In viewpoint of plant life forms, Geophytes and Hemicryptophytes, respectively is most abundant of vegetation elements. Of course, study of ecological groups of plant species in alpine areas Sabalan, can be better described their ecological habitats and the results, a more objective reality in habitats show that also will be effective in maintaining them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Ranking Development of Urban Neighborhoods in Terms of Public Green Space Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods in GIS environment. Case Study: Ardabil
Alireza Mohammadi Hojat Arzhani Sayed Milad HoseeiniAppropriate distribution of urban green spaces is very important to increase of spatial justice in the cities. City of Ardabil is among the cities that faced with the problem of the imbalance in the distribution of public parks and green spaces. The per capita public gr MoreAppropriate distribution of urban green spaces is very important to increase of spatial justice in the cities. City of Ardabil is among the cities that faced with the problem of the imbalance in the distribution of public parks and green spaces. The per capita public green space in the city of Ardabil is 7.30 square meters. This amount is lower than the green space standards of the United Nations Environment Program (20 to 25 square meters per person) and lowers than the standards of Iran’s urban green spaces (12 square meters). This study by using of 9 key indicators has ranked 44 neighborhoods of the Ardabil city in terms of access to the parks and public green spaces. Research data gathered from the Ardabil City Municipality Department of Parks and Green Spaces and in the next step, have been corrected by using of field study in the year 2016. Multi-criteria decision-making methods, including TOPSIS, VIKOR, SAW and COPLAND have been used for analyzing, ranking and integration of final results. The findings of this research show that in terms of public green space indicators, 14 neighborhoods of the city are developed, 15 neighborhoods are semi developed and 15 neighborhoods of the city are poor in access to the appropriate public green spaces. Finally, based on the findings, recommendations were presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Foresight of Urban Development with Emphasis on Infrastructure Development (A Case study of Ardabil)
Simin Abafat masoumeh hafezrezazadeh maryam karimiyanbostaniIn the present study, the researchers have considered 30 major factors which were identified as indicators in the city's development in Ardabil. After determining the role, relationship and weight of the influential factors in the urban development, the indicators were MoreIn the present study, the researchers have considered 30 major factors which were identified as indicators in the city's development in Ardabil. After determining the role, relationship and weight of the influential factors in the urban development, the indicators were fed into the Mike Mac software. Finally, after scoring for compiling the scenarios, they were processed using the Wizard scenario software. Finally, 38 cases were obtained for 30 key factors affecting the future of Ardabil urban development. Combining these possible scenarios, 7176 combined scenarios were extracted. These scenarios included 22 high-compatibility, 7012 low-compatibility, and 142 incompatible scenarios. The results of the study showed that two scenarios were more likely to occur in the future development of Ardabil of which one was favorable and under ideal conditions (progressive scenario) while the other one was relatively favorable and intermediate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - An Analysis of the Role of Social Capital in the Formation of Good Urban Governance (A Case Study of Ardebil)
Abolfazl Meshkini mehdi hoseinpour sara khodaiUrban optimal governance is a continuous process of matching and aligning the opposite interests of individuals and groups. This process involves both formal and informal institutions as well as the social capital of citizens. Social capital, which is one of the most de MoreUrban optimal governance is a continuous process of matching and aligning the opposite interests of individuals and groups. This process involves both formal and informal institutions as well as the social capital of citizens. Social capital, which is one of the most desirable urban governance factors, is the right land for achieving a good urban management and direction in order to achieve a unified and secure life. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of social capital in the desirability of urban governance and to examine the relationship between two variables in the city of Ardabil, and thereby finding an appropriate solution for achieving desirable urban governance. This research is a type of applied research using a set of descriptive-analytic, correlation and causal methods. A questionnaire was used to collect information from 383 sample members selected by Cochran's method. The data were collected using a questionnaire. The reliability of this study was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha to be 0.845. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS, EXCEL and Lisrel statistical tests.. The results from the research indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between good urban governance and social capital with a significant level of 0 and a correlation coefficient of 0.2622, as these two variables act in a complementary way. Also, according to the results of Chi-square test, there are significant differences between the four areas of Ardabil regarding the variables of social capital and governance, so that the highest mean of these two variables is estimated in the district 2 of Ardebil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Assessment and Analysis of Spatial Justice of Urban Service Uses (A Case Study of Neighborhoods of the District 2 of Ardabil)
Chonour Mohammadi dr saadi mohammadi elham davariThe city's spatial justice is mainly based on the distributive aspect of justice due to regional disparities, maintaining the balance of human relations and the environment, equal access of citizens to opportunities and reduction of harmful effects due to unfair distrib MoreThe city's spatial justice is mainly based on the distributive aspect of justice due to regional disparities, maintaining the balance of human relations and the environment, equal access of citizens to opportunities and reduction of harmful effects due to unfair distribution and opportunities. It emphasizes the possibilities in the national territory with the focus on the category of spatial diversity. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the utilities of urban services in district two of Ardebil. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its method. The necessary data were collected through documentary information and library in which ten urban service indicators were used to achieve the goal. In this research, Shannon's Entropy Model was used for weighing and determining the importance of the indicators. Also the models of the Vikor and Topsis were used for ranking and the leveling the utilization of neighborhoods. The results of these two models, i.e., VIKOR and TOPSIS, differed in some cases, therefore in order to achieve a unified result concerning ranking and the degree of possession of neighborhoods, the combined technique was used the results of which indicate the distribution of unbalanced urban services in the eleven districts so that the neighborhoods of eight, four and nine are in first, second and third rank respectively, neighborhoods of one and eleven in fourth and fifth rankings with a relatively high level, neighborhoods of five and three are ranked sixth in semi-possessed areas, and neighborhoods seven and two in the seventh and eighths of the semi-possessed, and finally, the neighborhoods of six and ten in the last resort are at the disadvantage level. Also, the obtained results based on the rank-size model showed that there are no space balances in terms of population and services between urban neighborhoods of the region. Accordingly, neighborhoods one and three are in good condition and districts four and ten are in poor condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Modeling for locating multi-floor parking sites by means of AHP procedure and Weight Co-covering Index in GIS environment. (Case Study: The second district of Ardabil city)
Bakhtyar Ezatpanah Mostaf Ashakori Akbar MadadiNowadays with increasing population growth and the tendency of large cities to accept immigrants, the lack of public parking spaces in these cities is obvious. The inclusion of public parking spaces in developing countries is one of the significant issues in city’ MoreNowadays with increasing population growth and the tendency of large cities to accept immigrants, the lack of public parking spaces in these cities is obvious. The inclusion of public parking spaces in developing countries is one of the significant issues in city’s transportation system. Ardabil is one of the centers of the country's newly-established provinces that due to deprivation and the lack of necessary substructures in transportation section, proportional to the increase of number of the automobiles and it's narrow streets (that according to some people they were built 60 years ago for carriages to cross ), it hasn't changed into a megacity yet and is the first city which forms the traffic point of view has outrun all the other megacities. This city which has old and inefficient structures frequently lacks methodical maps and the essential space to park the vehicles especially during rush hours. These factors along with the characteristics of being a tourism site necessitate building of parking lots for removing and controlling the traffic in this city. Therefore, in this research to prevent the traffic jam inside the city, the Analysis of Hierarchical Procedures (AHP) and Weight Co-covering Index were used to launch locating of parking lots in Ardabil's district 2. Attending the studies that have been done in the field of outer layer in AHP Procedure and Weight Co-covering index, we observe that the efficiency of The Analysis of Hierarchical Procedure (AHP) is remarkably important. Since, this procedure is flexible, we can launch producing the maps with low risk to high risk. While, in Weight Co-covering Index the layer can be divided to 3 or 4 unsuitable categories to suitable ones, outer layer produced by this procedure conforms to the layer produced by AHP with average risk. Most of the selected sites for building parking lots by these two procedures have been located in barren lands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Evaluate the quality of urban life in eleven localities in the Region 2 City of Ardabil
Hossein NazmFar Chanvar MohammadiThe quality of life measures to the understanding and satisfaction with the needs of the citizens and is related to aspects of their lives. The objective and subjective criteria is investigated in two dimensions in this research. The purpose of this study is the & MoreThe quality of life measures to the understanding and satisfaction with the needs of the citizens and is related to aspects of their lives. The objective and subjective criteria is investigated in two dimensions in this research. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of the quality of life in Neighborhoods and Regions of the city of Ardabil. This study is supposed to be objective and analytical in its nature. Data was collected in the field (questionnaire) and through the analysis of the documents (library). Statistical population of the Regions and the neighborhoods of the city of Ardabil is about eleven localities( areas) Using Cochran formula the required sample was estimated and 385 subjects were randomly selected. Indicators have been weighted using Shannon entropy Vikor model and they were evaluated to determine the quality of life in the communities. Research results show there are huge differences between localities in terms of quality of life. As the results, it was understood that the neighborhood four, with zero points, is the most prosperous and is in the first place. Neighborhood three is relatively prosperous in the second position with points 0/451 and six neighborhoods with 0/575,, ten 0/578, eight with 0/586, one with 0/602, two 0/612, nine by 0/623, five And seven with 0/772 Ranking the third to tenth And half prosperous Eleven district with 1 point in last place and have been deprived, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Assessing the Capacity of Rural Tourism (Case Study: Vakilabad Village, Ardabil)
Bahram Imani arastoo yari hesar sadegh abdiToday, the development of sustainable tourism in rural areas is one of the strategies that has been considered in most countries of the world. The main purpose of this study is to assess the tourism potential of Vakilabad village as an important rural tourism destinatio MoreToday, the development of sustainable tourism in rural areas is one of the strategies that has been considered in most countries of the world. The main purpose of this study is to assess the tourism potential of Vakilabad village as an important rural tourism destination in Ardabil city. The statistical population of this research is rural tourism activists, villagers and local experts. In this regard, to determine the tourism capacity of the TCC model and to measure the effects of tourism development, one-sample t-test and independent t-test have been used. The results show that the effective daily reception capacity of Vakilabad village in the centralized state is equal to 18924 people and in the wide state is equal to 63351 people. Also, the development of rural tourism has had many positive and negative effects for the villagers and local experts. Their views on the effects of tourism and the tolerance capacity of Vakilabad village are not significantly different in terms of variables related to economic, social and environmental dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Phenomenological analysis of urban violence in Ardabil
Seyed Javad Seyednavaz اقباله عزیزخانی Samad AbediniUrban violence is a social phenomenon that occurs in the city and affects the security and well-being of citizens and the functioning of institutions and organizations. The aim of this study was to study the phenomenon of urban violence in Ardabil with a descriptive phe MoreUrban violence is a social phenomenon that occurs in the city and affects the security and well-being of citizens and the functioning of institutions and organizations. The aim of this study was to study the phenomenon of urban violence in Ardabil with a descriptive phenomenological method. Eleven citizens who had experienced urban violence were selected through purposive sampling, and data collection continued through in-depth interviews until the data reached saturation. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software; The phenomenon of urban violence can be defined by four main categories from the perspective of the participants, which are: 1- Physical violence, 2- Verbal violence, 3- Financial violence, 4- Psychological violence. Factors, conditions and causes leading to the phenomenon of urban violence based on the experience of the participants are; 1- Interventional factors (selfish individualism - psychological factor), 2- Underlying conditions (urban space conditions - family conditions), 3- Causes of origin (social control, social, economic, cultural causes). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The Relationship between Citizenship Education and Sustainable Urban Development (Case Study: Ardabil City)
MANSOUR ARAYESH Mohammad Taghi SheikhiOne of the most important and complex social developments in the last half century is the development of urbanization and one of the most essential factors associated with urban development is the issue of sustainable urban development. This form of development, while m MoreOne of the most important and complex social developments in the last half century is the development of urbanization and one of the most essential factors associated with urban development is the issue of sustainable urban development. This form of development, while meeting current needs, ensures the continued empowerment of future generations of urban communities in various environmental, economic, social and cultural dimensions. One of the components that helps sustainable urban development in ensuring this ability is citizenship education. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between citizenship education and sustainable urban development in the city of Ardabil. The theoretical framework and theoretical model was developed using theories of citizenship like that of Brian. S. Turner, Rousseau, Machiavelli, Asler and Starkey. The research population consisted of the citizens of Ardabil, of which, using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as the sample via a multi-stage clustering sampling technique. Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling were used for inferential tests. The results showed that the proposed model of relationships between variables had an acceptable fit. There was also a positive and significant relationship between citizenship education and indicators of sustainable urban development. Significant level (p) of cultural and social indicators was 0.01, economic and environmental indicators was 0.05. For citizenship education to have a greater impact on sustainable urban development, it is necessary to first provide the education platform (comprehensiveness and dynamism of law, welfare and social security) in society, then remove the intervening conditions (institutional distrust, lack of cultural development and inefficiency of formal education) that hinder development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - A Phenomenological analysis of urban violence in the city of Ardabil
Seyed Javad Seyednavaz Eghbaleh Azizkhani Samad AbediniUrban violence is a phenomenon that affects residents’ safety, the functions of institutions and organizations. This article aims to provide a descriptive and phenomenological analysis of urban violence in the city of Ardabil. 11 urban individuals who had experien MoreUrban violence is a phenomenon that affects residents’ safety, the functions of institutions and organizations. This article aims to provide a descriptive and phenomenological analysis of urban violence in the city of Ardabil. 11 urban individuals who had experienced urban violence were selected via a purposive sampling technique who were interviewed in depth to reach informational saturation. The analysis of the data was done using the MAXQDA software. The findings showed that urban violence was defined by the participants in four categories: 1) physical violence, 2) verbal violence, 3) financial violence, and 4) psychological violence. Factors that influenced the onset of violence included 1) intervening factors (selfish individualism, psychological factors), 2) background factors (urban space, family conditions), 3) emergent factors (social control, social –economic- cultural factors). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The Effect of Social Networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among Citizens over 18 Years in Ardabil
ali jafari behroz zarpooshThis study aims to examine the impact of social networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among citizens over 18 years in the city of Ardabil. This is an applied study that made use of the survey method for data collection. Bourdieu's lifestyle theory and ppostmo MoreThis study aims to examine the impact of social networks on the pattern of nutrition consumption among citizens over 18 years in the city of Ardabil. This is an applied study that made use of the survey method for data collection. Bourdieu's lifestyle theory and ppostmodernist theory of social networks were used for the theoretical framework. The research population consisted of all citizens over 18 years of age in Ardabil, which, according to the latest census, numbered around 115000 people. Utilizing Morgan’s table, 384 individuals were selected as the sample via multi-stage cluster sampling. Researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results showed that on average, half of the sample used at least one hour of social networks (preferably the Telegram) per day. The results also showed that social networks have a significant positive effect on changing the pattern of nutrition among citizens of Ardabil and around 0.255 of the variations in the pattern of nutrition were predicted by social networks utilization. Social networks also had a significant positive effect on the consumption of traditional medicine and on food safety but had a significant negative effect on the consumption of fast foods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - On the Determination of the Development Level in Counties of Ardabil Province
Jafar Jafarzadeh hashem rostamzadeh mohammad hasanitabarThe use of quantitative methods and criteria for the classification of human settlements in the spatial system of regions, on the one hand led to the recognition of inequality of settlements and on the another hand is the criteria for effort to reduce and eliminate the MoreThe use of quantitative methods and criteria for the classification of human settlements in the spatial system of regions, on the one hand led to the recognition of inequality of settlements and on the another hand is the criteria for effort to reduce and eliminate the inequality among them. In order to solve the problems of regional imbalance, the first step of recognition, is the classification of the regions in terms of enjoyment of different facilities.In this study, eight indicators were used to evaluate the development's degree of counties of Ardabil province by TOPSIS analysis. The method is descriptive and analytical.In this classification, Khalkhal county by 0.72 of development's factor has the highest degree of development and Bilehsavar by 0.07 has the lowest degree of development in Ardabil province. Based on this research center- around pattern is dominated on the spatial structure of the Ardabil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Assessment of Developmental Levels in Ardabil Villages by Utilizing Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods
B. ImaniRecognizing and surveying facilities and abilities and determining the levels of development in rural areas are the first steps in planning and developing process. To this end, this study aims to assess the levels of development in Ardabil villages by utilizing multi-cr MoreRecognizing and surveying facilities and abilities and determining the levels of development in rural areas are the first steps in planning and developing process. To this end, this study aims to assess the levels of development in Ardabil villages by utilizing multi-criteria decision making methods. This research is based on the functional goal and descriptive analysis nature. Statistical population includes 10 villages in Ardabil. The required information includes 76 variables in 7 criteria that were taken from General Population and Housing Census and statistical yearbook 2011. Vikor’s multi-criteria decision making method, Electra and Taxonomy are used to assess the rate of development. Furthermore, we tested the assumptions by using Kendall tau rank correlation in SPSS software. The results of the decision making techniques based on average ranks revealed that villages were not in a balanced situation in terms of developmental criteria, so that out of 10 Ardabil villages 6 of them were developed, 2 of them were semi-developed and 4 of them were not developed. Also, the findings of Kendall tau test showed that there was no significant relationship between two population variables and adjacency of the villages to the county and the obtained average rank. These two components had no effect on rural development, but there was a significant relationship between the employment variable and the average rank in each village which brings the employment percentage with a positive effect on levels of development. Based on the results, some strategies are presented to make and perform the plans in order to have an integrated and balanced development in the county. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - On the Analysis of Factors Affecting Urban Sustainability (Case Study: Ardabil City)
L. Sayad Y. Gholipour S. Feyzi Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slo More Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slogan in the third millennium and the new paradigm in the most popular theoretical and scientific literature concerning urban development and planning. The objective of this study was to analyze and categorize the factors affecting urban sustainability in Ardebil city from the citizens' points of view as the main beneficiaries of urban planning program. The study was descriptive-analytical research and the method of collecting information was documentary and survey (Field Finder). Population were the citizens of Ardabil city. The sample size included 384 members based on Cochran formula, while there was a two stage cluster sampling method. The 26 items of the research questionnaire were reduced to five factors using exploratory factor analysis. All the five factors explain 68.059 percent of total variance. The first factor (environment design) plays the most important role with specific value 5.636 (21.676% of variance) in setting all effective variance factors on urban sustainability. Then the social factor with specific value 3.707 (14.259% of variance), management factor with specific value 3.695 (14.212% of variance) economic-infrastructural factor with specific value 475/2 (518/9% of variance) environmental factor with specific value 183.2 (8.3394 percent variance) were located at second, third, fourth, and fifth level of factors affecting urban sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Ranking the Developing of Rural Districts in Ardabil Province based on Numerical Taxonomy Model
J. Jafarzadeh H. Rostamzadeh ایرج KhoshbakhtanUsing criteria and methods of classification in ranking settlement in the spatial system of the regions, on the one hand, resulted in recognition of the amount of inequality in settlement parts and on the other hand, it is considered as a criteria to reduce and eliminat MoreUsing criteria and methods of classification in ranking settlement in the spatial system of the regions, on the one hand, resulted in recognition of the amount of inequality in settlement parts and on the other hand, it is considered as a criteria to reduce and eliminate existing inequalities among them. In order to solve the problems caused by the lack of the region balance, the first step is identifying and ranking regions in terms of enjoying technology in the fields of social and economic services. In this study, by employing eight index to study developing in the framework of Analyzing Numerical Taxonomy (NTA) action was taken to ranking the degree of developing rural districts in Ardabil province. Method of this study is descriptive-Analytic. Population in the present study were all of 69 rural districts in Ardabil province. At this ranking, Kalkhoran rural district of the central part of Ardabil county and eastern Qeshlaqdasht rural district of part of Qeshlaqdasht in Bilehsavar county by developing coefficient 0.3 and also 0.96 were identified the most enjoyed and the most deprived rural districts of the province, respectively. On the basis of this research, the center-around model is governed on the spatial structure of the rural districts in Ardabil province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Geographical Distribution Gastrointestinal Cancer and its Relation with Soil Nitrate Rural Settlement (Case study: Ardabil County)
Rasoul samadzadeh Seyed Saied Azizzadeh Ahmad GhasemiThis research was carried out to study the relation between of soil nitrate accumulation in different areas of Ardabil Plain with gastrointestinal cancers. To conduct research, 34 villages in the suburbs of Ardabil were randomly selected (from each village, 3 samples) a MoreThis research was carried out to study the relation between of soil nitrate accumulation in different areas of Ardabil Plain with gastrointestinal cancers. To conduct research, 34 villages in the suburbs of Ardabil were randomly selected (from each village, 3 samples) and transferred to the soil lab for nitrate measurement. The location of the samples was determined using a GPS device and the corresponding map with GIS technic. At the same time, a questionnaire was distributed among the farmers of the villages studied and completed. The data from laboratory and questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS19 software and the correlation of studied traits was studied. The relationship between consumption and nitrate accumulation from the soil was also studied by T-test. The average nitrate content of Ardabil plain farms was more than the recommended standard and was 414 mg / kg. The results showed that the amount of soil nitrate and nitrate intake per hectare affected the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer (pv <0.05). Based on the results, it was found that gastrointestinal cancer was scattered in the north and northwest areas of the plain and its geographic distribution was consistent with the type of soil containing nitrate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - On the Influence Analysis of the Geographic Phenomena in Spatial Distribution of the Bronze Age Settlements (1500-3000 B.C) in Ardabil Province
Reza Rezaloo Parviz Purkarimi Yahya Ayremlou Fariborz TahmasebiBased on archaeological and geographic studies carried out in Ardebil province, this paper aimed at analyzing the role of geographical phenomena in the formation, development and decline of the pre-historic castles of Ardebil province. This descriptive-analytical study MoreBased on archaeological and geographic studies carried out in Ardebil province, this paper aimed at analyzing the role of geographical phenomena in the formation, development and decline of the pre-historic castles of Ardebil province. This descriptive-analytical study with an interdisciplinary approach, using satellite imagery, systematic field surveys and archaeological explorations followed the answer to this question, how was the pattern of third and second millennium settlements pattern in Ardabil province and how and to what extent were the natural and geographical factors influencing this? The study results indicated that the geographic phenomena have important role in the formation and spatial distribution of historic castles of Ardebil province. Analysis of the spatial distribution of castles and the Eco-political interaction together, brought this assumption to mind that the pattern of Eco-political interaction in Ardabil province’s castles is closely related to the crystallographic location pattern. So that, the central location theory can be tracked in this geographic area. According to this model, the Qal'eh Khosro was a central castle and its surrounding, there were smaller castles like Zino, Shyndyr Shami, Kychyk Jordi, Sheitan Dashy and, etc., were its cyclical castles. One of the main features of the central castle (Qal'eh Khosro) is the vast expanse of the site and the presence of a large cemetery next to it. Of the main features of the cyclical castles can be noted as small area, being scattered around the central castle at definite intervals, protecting limits and fortifications of the central castles and communication routes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Analysis of Factors Impowerment of Social Consensus (Case Study: Villagers of Ardabil County)
Vakil Heidari SarebanThe research method was analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=85053), among which 383 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran f MoreThe research method was analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=85053), among which 383 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.84-0.91). Result and Disscusion: in order to analyze the data, factor analysis model was used and the results of this model showed the most important factors impowerment of social consrnsus in studied region includes four components (social empowerment and territorial belonging, reinforcment of satisfication and information, confidence building and instituational capacity-building and reinforcment of economy infrastructure and pyschological empowerment) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 58.17. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Assessment and assessment of tourism sustainability in the villages of tourism destination from the viewpoint of local managers. Case study: Ardebil district
Mostafa Taleshi Kuomars KhodapanahRural tourism, through its links with environmental and natural attractions and local communities, has significant implications for its positive and negative dimensions in human and natural environments. Therefore, in order to overcome the instabilities, principles and MoreRural tourism, through its links with environmental and natural attractions and local communities, has significant implications for its positive and negative dimensions in human and natural environments. Therefore, in order to overcome the instabilities, principles and requirements of sustainable development approach should be applied in policies and executive programs in order to ensure the development of tourism in rural areas, especially the tourist destination villages.The purpose of this study was to measure the sustainability level of tourism development in the villages of tourism destination in Ardebil. For this purpose, using descriptive-analytical method, using the literature of the research, the operations of the concepts and variables in the questions have been addressed and its validity has been determined by the elite survey method It has been evaluated and its reliability has been calculated by 80% Corvenbach Alpha. Then, to assess sustainable tourism development, a network process technique has been used. The statistical population of the study is 11 villages of tourism destination in Ardebil. The results show that tourism development in the studied villages is in the middle level of sustainability. Among the dimensions studied, the economic dimension of tourism has been more stable than dimensions Environmental, social and infrastructure. There is a significant difference between studied villages in terms of sustainability of tourism development and Aladizge village has the highest stability rating and Sarabeh village with the lowest sustainability score. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Identification and Prioritization of Effective Factors on Satisfaction of Old Residents from the Physical Changes Intensity (Case study: Azadi Town, Ardabil)
Bahareh Salmanian Tohid Hatami Khanghahi vahid vaziriNowadays, due to changes in social, economic and cultural conditions of society, can be seen rapid physical changes in some of the old areas of cities. Most of the old residents of neighborhoods have more attachment to the place because of long-time residence in there a MoreNowadays, due to changes in social, economic and cultural conditions of society, can be seen rapid physical changes in some of the old areas of cities. Most of the old residents of neighborhoods have more attachment to the place because of long-time residence in there and they are more attached to the place, so neglect of their viewpoints, causes to decrease the level of satisfaction and diminishes the residents’ emotional bond with the place and ultimately leads to weaken the neighborhood relations.The purpose of this research is to pay attention to the mentality of old residents and getting to know about the factors of satisfaction from physical changes intensity. In this research, by using Q methodolog, the effective factors on satisfaction of old residents from physical changes intensity were identified and prioritized in Azadi town of Ardabil. Therefore, the mentality of more than 20-year homes’ residents has been explored about the amount of satisfaction from the physical changes caused by the recent construction in their residential neighborhood. As a result, two dominant mentalities was found among the old residents. The first group's mentality reflects the priority of cultural factors such as disturbing view, disturbing noise, feeling insecure, and other similarities in recent construction and the second mentality expresses the priority of physical factors, such as shadow, the exterior shapes and facades, building access and etc were in residents’ mind. The designer's awareness and attention toward the mentality of the residents of district will lead to consolidation of neighborhood relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - A Problematic Clarification of the City Based on Neighborhood Planning Case Study: The City of Ardabil, Iran
hosein shokripur dizaj Isa Piri Alireza MohammdiAs the primary foundation of science, problem-solving forms the basis on which theory making & research can be formed & developed.Nowadays, the dominant urban planning practice in Iranian cities is the profession & technique which is prescribed by the public MoreAs the primary foundation of science, problem-solving forms the basis on which theory making & research can be formed & developed.Nowadays, the dominant urban planning practice in Iranian cities is the profession & technique which is prescribed by the public sector, and the missing link is the participation of the larger civil society in the management of urban affairs. The main purpose of this study is to identify & explain the problems of Ardabil city within the framework of criteria that are related to neighborhood planning.The survey research method was utilized in order to assess the aspects & components of neighborhood planning including physical, social, cultural, economic, environmental, access to urban services and proper urban governance factors. The spatial cluster sampling method was used to select 10 neighborhoods out of the five districts of Ardabil city (2 neighborhoods from each district) as sample neighborhoods & a number of 400 questionnaires were distributed according to their population within the selected neighborhoods by means of the random sampling method.The Excel, Spss software and T-test statistical method & multi-criteria decision making models have been used to analyze the data.The results statistical test indicated that there are different conditions in the neighborhoods of Ardabil city in terms of the aspects & components of neighborhood planning.Furthermore, the results of multi-criteria decision making models indicate that neighborhood number 5 in the 4th district of Ardabil Municipality is more problematic and there are fewer problems in neighborhood number 2 in the 1st district of Ardabil Municipality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The Identification of Human Hazards Effective in the City of Ardabil’s Vulnerability by using partial squares least (PLS)
Asghar Pashazadeh Mohamadhasan Yazdani Alireza MohammdiNowadays, cities have been widely exposed to the various types of the human hazards and this instability has resulted in their vulnerability. Therefore, in order to make cities resilient, it is necessary to identify these hazards and plan to reduce them and prevent thei MoreNowadays, cities have been widely exposed to the various types of the human hazards and this instability has resulted in their vulnerability. Therefore, in order to make cities resilient, it is necessary to identify these hazards and plan to reduce them and prevent their occurrence. The city of Ardebil is not an exception in this regard and it has been exposed to a variety of these human hazards. With regard to these issues, the purpose of this study is to identify the most important human hazards which are deciding factors in Ardabil's vulnerability. According to the rules of research models and the experts available in the city, 200 participants completed the questionnaire purposefully. The data was analyzed by applying parametric statistical methods. Moreover, in order to analyze the data and to test the hypotheses and the conceptual model, the variance-based structural equation was used (by using partial least squares). The results indicate that all of 11 variables (human hazards) account for the city of Ardabil’s vulnerability (0/781). The high values of t-statistic and path’s coefficient Alpha are related to economic risk factors, diseases and street accidents, respectively. In addition, the results indicate that all of the human hazards discussed in this study (except fire) have significant positive effects on Ardabil’s vulnerability.Therefore, his study makes it clear for managers that they can not only reduce the vulnerability of the city, but also they can make the city resilient by identification and planning of the human hazards and the variables explained them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The Application of Multi - Criteria Decision - Making Models in the Assessment of the Development Spatial Inequalities in the Field of Health Care (Case Study: Ardabil Province)
behnam bagheri Mohammadtaqi Masoumi Hossein Nazmfar Raosul SamadzadehProportionate distribution of facilities, equipment, and Proficient human forces who are directly involved in the health of society is of great importance. The present descriptive-analytical study aimed to rank the Counties of Ardabil province with respect to the health MoreProportionate distribution of facilities, equipment, and Proficient human forces who are directly involved in the health of society is of great importance. The present descriptive-analytical study aimed to rank the Counties of Ardabil province with respect to the health care development indicators. Access to health carefacilities and their distribution across the Countieswere determined by employing 26 health indicators, applying TOPSIS and VIKORdecision making models,and unifying the results by Borda and Copeland techniques, mean-rank, and integration. The findings revealed the gap and inequality among the Counties of the province and a marked difference in access tohealth care facilities and infrastructures. The results of the integration method revealed that among the Counties of the province, just the county of Ardabil, the center of the province, had very favorable conditions. The Counties of Khalkhal and Meshginshahr had favorable conditions. The most deprived county in terms of access to health care facilities was Sarein and the other Counties were classified as deprived or somewhat deprived areas. The findings indicate that it is possible to change the spatial inequalities of development towards balanced growth by decentralization of facilities from the center of the province and proper distribution of facilities and equipment with a justice-oriented approach and also the distribution of health care equipment in proportion to the population of Counties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Spatial analysis of urban services distribution with emphasis on the theory of spatial justice (Case study: Ardabil city)
alireza jabari Rasoul samadzadeh yousef vasighIntroduction Nowadays, the observance of spatial justice has become more evident in the way of distribution of urban services. In such a way, no matter how much urban services have an unbalanced spatial distribution, it will be a diagram of injustice in the space and wi MoreIntroduction Nowadays, the observance of spatial justice has become more evident in the way of distribution of urban services. In such a way, no matter how much urban services have an unbalanced spatial distribution, it will be a diagram of injustice in the space and will divide the city into privileged and non-privileged levels, which, if not addressed, can lead to far more harmful results. have in the meantime, the most important criterion for analyzing the state of spatial justice in the city is to examine how urban services are distributed. The purpose of the present research is to analyze the spatial distribution of urban services in Ardabil city with an emphasis on the theory of spatial justice. The city of Ardabil as an example studied in this research, it seems that due to the rapid growth of the population and the formation of new neighborhoods and towns in the peripheral parts of the city, the distribution system of its services and facilities has fallen apart and caused inequality. It is among the residential areas of the city.Methodology The current research is descriptive-analytical in nature and practical in terms of purpose. In order to collect the data, the basic information of the comprehensive and detailed plan of Ardabil and the updated data of the municipality have been used. In the present research process, in order to determine the weight of 11 main indicators of the research, the opinions of 10 experts (by snowball method) and entropy method were used and in order to overlap the layers of the functions available in Arc GIS software, in the form of Vicor model. Geographical area of research The geographical territory of this research is the city of Ardabil and its 51 districts.Results and discussion Among the 11 general indicators of the research, the index of urban facilities and equipment is more important than other indicators. Also, the spatial results regarding the distribution of urban services in Ardabil indicate that the central areas of the city are highly privileged in terms of access to urban services, and the more the distance from the city center to the periphery, the level of prosperity becomes less and less and that the dispersion The distribution of urban services follows a cluster pattern.Conclusion The result is that urban services in Ardabil city are not distributed based on spatial justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Evaluation of detailed plan of Ardabil city based on integrated method
Mohammad Hassan Yazdani Fatemeh ZadvaliIntroduction: Today, several urban development plans are prepared and implemented in order to overcome the problems and achieve the development and sustainability of cities. Projects that seem to have many problems in content and implementation and it is necessary to pr MoreIntroduction: Today, several urban development plans are prepared and implemented in order to overcome the problems and achieve the development and sustainability of cities. Projects that seem to have many problems in content and implementation and it is necessary to provide realistic, flexible and executable plans by quantitative-qualitative evaluation and identifying the weaknesses of these plans.Goal: The present study is the evaluation of the detailed plan of Ardabil city based on the integrated method.Methodology: The present research is of user type and descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this study is 10 experts and managers of Ardabil urban areas as well as members of the city council who have been selected using the snowball method. The main method of this research is the combination of "process preparation and implementation process" and "plan / process / results" in which PLS, SSIM and PESTLE models have been used.Geographical area of research: The geographical area of this research is the city of Ardabil.Results and discussion: Findings show that in the criterion of adaptation of managerial weakness, lack of proper organization and lack of adequate budget allocation by the government are the reasons for the lack of per capita land use. The horizontal growth of the city has the least impact. In terms of relationship, the twenty goals of the plan are more in line with demographic and social goals, and part of it is related to mismanagement. In terms of external cohesion, according to the researches, most of the proposed densities have not been achieved. The criterion of financial and human resources has not been successful due to the unstable economic conditions of Ardabil Municipality. The failure of the criterion for participation in the implementation of the plan and planning is due to the belief of some experts that people do not interfere in the plan due to lack of scientific expertise and skills. Regarding the criteria for using the program, it can be said that this criterion has not been met at all and the problems of Ardabil TV and urban landscape have been one of its consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Investigating the factors affecting the reduction of rural youth tendency to drug use (Case Study: Ardabil County)
vakil heidari sarban shararhe saebIntroduction: addiction is one of the biggest problems that threatens the life of rural youth. Therefore, investigating the factors affecting addiction is an important step in combating with this deadly phenomenon. Research aim: the aim of this paper is to investigating MoreIntroduction: addiction is one of the biggest problems that threatens the life of rural youth. Therefore, investigating the factors affecting addiction is an important step in combating with this deadly phenomenon. Research aim: the aim of this paper is to investigating the factors affecting the reduction of rural youth tendency to drug use in the Ardabil CountyResearch Methodology: The research method is analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=496), among which 217 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.75-0.89).Studied Areas: Ardabil is an ancient city in northwestern Iran, and the capital of Ardabil Province. As of the 2016 census, Ardabil's population was 529,374. Findings: the findings of this research show that addiction is very common among rural youth and several factors is involved at the tendency of rural youth to drug use and the most important of them is the lack of meaning. Results: the findings of this research showed that most important factors reduction of rural youth tendency to drug use in studied region includes four components (empowerment and support actions, combating poverty and making healthy of phenomenal environment, reinforcement of family foundation and psychological capital and extension of mass activities and reinforcement of value and ethical foundations) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 48.93.Key words: Addiction, Rural Youth, Rural Development, Ardabil County Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Identifying Social Sustainability Key Factors in Urban Neighborhoods (Case Study: Ardabil)
maryam hafezifar farah habib hossein zabihiRegardless of Over Three Decades in Emerging the Concept of Sustainable Development, Social Sustainability Compared to Two Other Dimensions of Sustainability: Economic and Environmental, Has Been Neglected, However in Recent Years Related Literature to This Dimension Ha MoreRegardless of Over Three Decades in Emerging the Concept of Sustainable Development, Social Sustainability Compared to Two Other Dimensions of Sustainability: Economic and Environmental, Has Been Neglected, However in Recent Years Related Literature to This Dimension Has Also Expanded. According to The Studies, The Best Scale for Assessing and Measuring the Social Sustainability is Urban Neighborhoods. But the Point Is Multiplicity and Variety of Indicators at Different Levels and Scales with Causal Relationships. Therefore, the Purpose of This Research Is to Analyze the Causal Relationships and Recognize the Key Factors of Social Sustainability in the Scale of Urban Neighborhoods in Ardabil. For this Purpose, Structural Interpretation Analysis Has Been Used in MicMac Software. In Order to Provide the Basic Data of Model Corresponded 47 Indicators, a 47*47 Matrix Was Provided to Experts in Urban Affairs of Ardabil. Sampling Method in This Section, Has been Targeted and Sequential Sampling in a Two- Step Delphi Format. Research Results Show that Social Sustainability Indicators Can Be Divided into four Categories of "Linked", "Effective", "Independent" and "Dependent" Variables. According to the Indirect Relationships Matrix, "Existence of Democratic Institutions", "Political and Institutional Responsibility", "Democracy Level" as "Management and Institutional" Indicators, Have the Most Indirect Influence in the Network of Relationship between Variables and Are Key Variables for Social Sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Evaluation of Physical Factors Affecting the Satisfaction of Physically-Motivated Veterans of Residential Complex Architecture (Case Study: Ardabil City)
Seyed Ali Fakhri Tohid Hatami Khanghahi Yousef Jahanzamin Mehrdad EbrahimianResponsive House to the needs of residents has always been a concern of humans. If the residents are people with specific characteristics and restrictions. The role of housing designer is important in responding to these special needs.At present, due to the significant MoreResponsive House to the needs of residents has always been a concern of humans. If the residents are people with specific characteristics and restrictions. The role of housing designer is important in responding to these special needs.At present, due to the significant number of physically and physically disabled people in the community, especially in the city of Ardabil, the physical, spatial and mobility needs of this segment of community are not considered optimally; Therefore, what social housing offers to such people are limited options for choosing their place of residence and places of social communication, which makes them more and more isolated. For this purpose, the Q research method is used to identify the physical components affecting the mental satisfaction of veterans. The statistical population of Q was physical-motorized survivors of residential complexes in Ardabil city. The correlation between the views of the audience about Q's propositions, data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software.The results showed the existence of two mindsets among the audience. The first concept often refers to the issues related to the type and level of access to services and facilities and the second dimension of the emphasis on the dimensions and proportions of design spaces.The effect of designer's attention on seemingly minor issues, such as access, communication of spaces, dimensions, sizes, and the like, is a major part of the mental problems of devotees. The designers can be a positive step in helping to better deal with the stresses caused by veterans' physical limitations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Evaluation of criteria affecting women's activity in urban space (Case study: Esfaris Sidewalk, Ardabil)
Saman AbizadeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effective criteria on promoting women's activity and their presence in urban spaces (Esfaris Sidewalk located in Ardabil city) using the Canter's place model . The methodology of this research is applied in terms of purpose and MoreThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effective criteria on promoting women's activity and their presence in urban spaces (Esfaris Sidewalk located in Ardabil city) using the Canter's place model . The methodology of this research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method of doing; it is descriptive-analytical and correlational. The required data were collected from the residents using a survey. The statistical population of this study is Ardabil citizens, of which 383 citizens of Ardabil were selected from 800 people according to Morgan table by stratified random method, of which 245 were females and 138 were males and in order to investigate the components, a questionnaire of activity and behavior, a questionnaire of physical-spatial features and a questionnaire of meanings were implemented; While confirmation, their validity and then reliability were measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which indicates a high level of reliability of research tools. One-sample T-tests and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the collected data using SPSS software and led to this conclusion that the Esfaris Sidewalk of Ardabil, in terms of physical-spatial indicators is moderate and according to averages less than 3, it indicates the existence of weakness in these components. These indicators are significant and if physical-spatial indicators are high quality, it will have a positive effect on the presence of women. But according to the results, physical-spatial indicators are moderate and as a result, there is less presence of women in the walking area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Study and Analysis of Pyscjological Capital Effects on Improvement of Social Security Sense in the Rural Areas, Case Study: Ardabil County.
Vakil Heidari SarebanThe study aims at investigating trust effects psychological capital on improvement of social security sense in the rural areas of Ardabil County. Target population in the study was the rural people of located in Ardabil County. The needed information by means of questio MoreThe study aims at investigating trust effects psychological capital on improvement of social security sense in the rural areas of Ardabil County. Target population in the study was the rural people of located in Ardabil County. The needed information by means of questionnaire was collected from rural people of settled in Ardabil County. Statistical society of research included all of rural people of Ardabil County. In addition for determining sample size the rural peoples of settled in the rural areas of Meshkinshar county was used Cochran formula. Finally, the sample size of rural peoples 383 was determined. The tool of measurement was made researcher questionnaire. The content and face validity of the instrument was specified after several times review and correction by the faculty of members at university and several expertise of administrative offices. The reliability analysis was conducted and Cronbach’s alpha values for the various sections of instrument were estimated to be between 0.82 and 0.86. The results of research showed that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between optimism, self-efficacy and resiliencey and sense of social security. Finally, based on the results analysis, some applied recommendations have been provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Assessing and ranking the environmental quality of tourist attractions, Case study: Ardabil city
Alireza Mohammadi Mohammadjavad Abbasi Azar NouriRecognizing and evaluating the environmental quality of tourist attractions and preferences is very important for urban development and promoting the presence of tourists. In the present study, while examining the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil, it MoreRecognizing and evaluating the environmental quality of tourist attractions and preferences is very important for urban development and promoting the presence of tourists. In the present study, while examining the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil, it has evaluated and ranked the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions from the perspective of tourists. Research in terms of purpose; Applied, in terms of descriptive-analytical nature and in terms of paradigm is among the quantitative research. The method of collecting field and library information is (interview and questionnaire). The statistical population of the present study; Tourists in the five regions of Ardabil. The sample size of Cochran's formula to complete the questionnaires was calculated 384 people and distributed by random sampling method. In order to analyze the data; In the first step, GIS software was used to study the spatial distribution of tourism elements in Ardabil. In the second step, the results of the tourists questionnaire (with reliability of 0.738 in Cronbach's alpha coefficient and validity of 0.721; parallel form method) were performed with SPSS software and the difference between the significant rank of environmental quality criteria in Ardabil through Friedman test was performed. Were analyzed. Also, the assessment and ranking of the five regions of Ardabil in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions has been done using the Vikor technique in EXCEL software. The results of the study of the difference in the ranking of environmental quality factors of tourist attractions in Ardabil showed that in general, the urban public services index with an average of 4.00 has the first rank and the urban environment index with the average of 3.87 has the second rank in terms of visitors. also; In the discussion of ranking the five regions of the city in terms of environmental quality indicators of tourist attractions; There is inequality; So that the elements and attractions of Zone 2, which are more of a natural-recreational type; With a numerical value of zero, they are in the first and highest rank, and the attractions of region four with a numerical value of 0.752 are in the lowest rank and last priority in terms of tourists. These findings are a good guide for pathology, policy and planning. Appropriate planning of urban development will be the study area with a focus on tourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Analysis of Economic and Social Resilience of Rural Communities against Earthquake Risk (Case Study: Villages in the Central District of Ardabil Township)
kiomars khodapanahIntroduction: Occurrence of natural hazards such as Earthquakes due to the Environmental and Geographical conditions of the country has always led to serious financial losses and widespread human losses, and in order to reduce its effects, attention has been paid to the MoreIntroduction: Occurrence of natural hazards such as Earthquakes due to the Environmental and Geographical conditions of the country has always led to serious financial losses and widespread human losses, and in order to reduce its effects, attention has been paid to the resilience approach.Research Aim: The aim of this research is to analyze the Economic, Social and Cultural resilience of rural settlements in the central Disteict of Ardabil Township against Earthquakes.Methodology: The present study, with regard to the nature of the issue and the subject of the study, is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study is 36 villages with more than 20 households and most of the central part of Ardabil city. Based on Cochran's method, 365 heads were determined and distributed and completed to the number of rural households in a simple random manner. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 30 specialists and experts. The total reliability was estimated 0.9 by Cornbrash’s alpha.Studied Areas: The village has more than 20 families in the Central District of Ardabil Township.Results:The findings indicate that, the social dimension is in a better position than the economic dimension. Also, the economic resilience measure showed that the indicator "income amount to compensate for damages" with a value of 3.90 has the highest and the indicator "satisfaction with personal income" with a value of 2.24 has the lowest average. Social and cultural resilience showed that the indicators of "the degree of solidarity between people in the event of an earthquake", "the level of satisfaction with access to a doctor" with the highest 17.17 and 15.70, respectively, and the indicators of "satisfaction with "Housing insurance" and "Hope for the future in case of an earthquake" with -22.25 and -14.21, respectively, have a lower than the desired test average.Conclusion: Findings showed that the resilience of economic indicators of the studied villages against earthquakes is lower than the average level and there is a significant difference between the villages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Feasibility Study of Tourism Industry Development in Ardebil City
Asghar Nazarian Seyed Rahim Moshiri Farshad AghajaniTourism is one of the most important industries of today and a very profitable and developing one. Tourism affects all three sectors of economy, i.e. industry, agriculture and services directly. It is also very influential in a balance growth of incomes, providing healt MoreTourism is one of the most important industries of today and a very profitable and developing one. Tourism affects all three sectors of economy, i.e. industry, agriculture and services directly. It is also very influential in a balance growth of incomes, providing healthy living environment, intellectual and sustainable development. During the recent century, tourism has found an extensive economic and social significance so that a large portion of economy in some countries is dependent on the foreign currency earned from tourism.Enjoying remarkable tourist attractions as compared with other countries of the world, Iran has the potential of huge earnings from this industry.Given the location and abundant natural and human resources as well as historical and religious attractions makes Ardebil city a unique city of exceptional capability for tourism. Proper policymaking and good strategy may contribute to the development of tourism thereby taking the first efficient step toward elimination of poverty and the economic- social development of the region.The present research tries to make use of the available case studies on Ardebil City, though very scarce, and to categorize the information on this City and to provide a relatively detailed study of tourism and touristattractions in the region and to identity the development ways, bottlenecks and possibilities of this industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Family killings sociological explanation (Ardebil, 1394/2015)
Taha Ashayeri MOHAMMAD JAVANMARD Ali jahangirpourFamily killings are part of the social harm and violence, that in developing countries more than developed countries. Family killings are part of a murder among in-laws, relative or a family member occur motivated and different contexts. The aim of the present study soc MoreFamily killings are part of the social harm and violence, that in developing countries more than developed countries. Family killings are part of a murder among in-laws, relative or a family member occur motivated and different contexts. The aim of the present study sociological explanation for Family murders using survey method and questionnaire technique is to answer the research question. Morgan’s formula to determine the sample size of 194 people and criterion validity has been confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The findings indicate that the ethical, cultural revenge, hereditary divisions - civil, issues of honor, patriarchal family structure, secularization violence, social monitoring and ignorance of the laws of family honor killings correlated with marital discord, family relationship variables were not significant. Regression results show that the coefficient of determination is equal to 38/0 and multiple correlation coefficients equal to 42/0. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Study of the girls run away from home and assess the incidence of social causes (case study in Ardabil city)
نسرین خدابخشی هفشجانی حسین علی پور التفات وظیفه دمیرچی حمدالله نادریRun aways phenomenon of components is considered a serious social problems in the area. Inhibition and restoration requires a social architecture. Therefore, the processing of this type of injury (for girls and women affected) involves identifying the depth of social ma MoreRun aways phenomenon of components is considered a serious social problems in the area. Inhibition and restoration requires a social architecture. Therefore, the processing of this type of injury (for girls and women affected) involves identifying the depth of social maladjustment is why the main goal of this study was to investigate the social factors associated with girls running away from home, with an emphasis on the comparison of runaway girls and normal. The present study is a comparative case study and causal. The sample consisted of 33 patients and 33 normal girls Runaways sampling methods that were matched for age together. Achieved through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 17 software was evaluated. Comparison of runaway and non-childhood molestation indicate significant differences based on history, economic problems in the family, lack of tolerance threshold along with low levels of education and parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - ادراک کارشناسان کشاورزی نسبت به موانع پذیرش کشاورزی دقیق
اصغر باقری نیر امامیکشاورزی دقیق پتانسیل بالایی برای افزایش محصولات کشاورزی، کاهش هزینه و حفظ محیط­زیست دارد، ولی پذیرش این فناوری­ها با موانعی مواجه است که لازم مورد توجه قرار گیرد. با استفاده از نمونه­ای متشکل از 142 کارشناس کشاورزی، این پیمایش برای شناسایی ادراک کارشناسان نس Moreکشاورزی دقیق پتانسیل بالایی برای افزایش محصولات کشاورزی، کاهش هزینه و حفظ محیط­زیست دارد، ولی پذیرش این فناوری­ها با موانعی مواجه است که لازم مورد توجه قرار گیرد. با استفاده از نمونه­ای متشکل از 142 کارشناس کشاورزی، این پیمایش برای شناسایی ادراک کارشناسان نسبت به موانع کشاورزی دقیق دراستان اردبیل، ایران انجام شد. ابزار جمع آوری داده­ها پرسشنامه­ای بود که روایی آن توسط گروهی از اساتید دانشگاه تایید گردید. یک مطالعه راهنما به کمک 30 کارشناس انجام شد که مقدار آلفا بیانگر پایایی بالای ابزار تحقیق بود. به علت شیوع کووید 19 جمع­آوری داده­ها بصورت مجازی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که کارشناسان دانش خوبی نسبت به کشاورزی دقیق داشتن. پنج عامل فقدان دانش، موانع اقتصادی، فقدان تعامل بین کشاورزان- ترویج، مساله امنیت داده­ها، و فقدان دسترسی، 34/73 درصد از واریانس موانع پذیرش فناوری­های کشاورزی دقیق را تبیین کرده­اند. باتوجه به فقدان دانش و تعامل ضعیف کشاورز – مروج، لازم است فعالیت­های آموزشی ترویجی برای ارتقای آگاهی­ کشاورزان در زمینه کشاورزی دقیق صورت گیرد. جهت رفع موانع اقتصادی لازم است تسهیلات و اعتبارات لازم برای توسعه و کابرد این فناوری­ها تخصیص یابد. در خصوص موانع امنیت دادهها و عدم دسترسی، دولت و سازمانهای وابسته باید در رفع مشکلات دسترسی به اینترنت اقدام نمایند. همچنین، آموزش و امکانات لازم برای حفظ امنیت داده­ها به کشاورزان ارایه گردد. با توجه به تاثیر ادراک سـودمندی بر نگـرش، لازم است آموزش­های ضمن خدمت بـرای اصلاح دانش و ادراک کارشناسـان نسبت به سـودمندی این فناوریهـا ارایه شـود. مزارع نمایشی کشاورزی دقیق در مراکز تحقیقاتی یا مزارع کشاورزان با تعامل کارشناسان می­تواند موثر باشد Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - تحلیل ساختار و صرفههای حاصل از مقیاس تولید سیب زمینی با استفاده از تابع هزینه ترانسلوگ ( شهرستان اردبیل)
جلال خیرخواه مقدم ابوالفضل محمودی غلامرضا یاوری امین دلاورچکیدهاین تحقفیق با هدف بررسی هزینههای تولید و صرفههای اقتصادی این محصول در شهرستان اردبیل انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 183 سیب زمینی کار میباشند که به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده و اطلاعات به صورت پیمایشی و از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع­آوری شده ا Moreچکیدهاین تحقفیق با هدف بررسی هزینههای تولید و صرفههای اقتصادی این محصول در شهرستان اردبیل انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 183 سیب زمینی کار میباشند که به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده و اطلاعات به صورت پیمایشی و از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع­آوری شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد: ساختار تابع هزینه با توجه به آمارهی کای اسکویر بدست آمده (36.8) غیر هموتتیک، نتایج آزمون ولد غیر بازده ثابت نسبت به مقیاس و آماره F بدست آمده(17.04) غیر کاب داگلاس میباشد. رابطه جانشینی متقاطع آلن برای ماشین آلات نیروی کار، ماشین آلات و بذر، نیروی کار و بذر، نیروی کار و آب، بذر و آب، مثبت، برای نهادههای ماشین آلات و زمین، ماشین آلات و آب، زمین و ماشین آلات ، زمین و نیروی کار، زمین وّ بذر، زمین و آب منفی بود. کشش هزینه 5044.1- است. که نشان دهندهی کاهش هزینه متوسط به ازای افزایش تولید بوده و تولید در قسمت نزولی منحنی هزینه واقع شده است. صرفه حاصل از مقیاس برابر با2.504که حاکی از افزایش 2.5 درصدی محصول وستانده به ازای افزایش یک در صدی هزینه میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - عوامل مؤثر بر تمایل کشاورزان گوجه فرنگی کار به استفاده از عملیات خوب کشاورزی ایران (GAP) در شمال غرب ایران
مجتبی سوختانلو فیاض عصمت سحر پیرموذناجرای استانداردهای ایران گپ (Iran GAPs) در گوجه‏فرنگی، می‏تواند تأثیر بسیار مهمی در کاهش آلاینده‎های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و میکروبیولوژی برای دستیابی به یک محصول سالم و ایمن گردد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs را Moreاجرای استانداردهای ایران گپ (Iran GAPs) در گوجه‏فرنگی، می‏تواند تأثیر بسیار مهمی در کاهش آلاینده‎های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و میکروبیولوژی برای دستیابی به یک محصول سالم و ایمن گردد. بنابراین، مطالعه حاضر عوامل تأثیرگذار بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs را در مرحله عملیات تولید گوجه‏فرنگی در استان اردبیل (ایران) بررسی می‏کند. به روش نمونه‏گیری چندمرحله‏ای تصادفی و با کمک جدول بارتلت و همکاران، 310 کشاورز گوجه فرنگی کار از سه شهرستان پارس‏آباد (165 نفر)، کوثر (82 نفر) و بیله‏سوار (63 نفر) انتخاب شدند. استانداردهای Iran GAPs، مطابق فهرست استانداردهای سازمان ملی استاندارد ایران در گوجه فرنگی گردآوری شد. نتایج نشان داد غالب کشاورزان (3/61 درصد) در سطح پایینی از تمایل به بکارگیری استانداردهای Iran GAPs در مرحله تولید گوجه فرنگی قرار دارند. در این زمینه، فعالیت‏های استفاده حداقل سموم شیمیایی، استفاده از تجهیزات حفاظت فردی و همچنین عدم استفاده از قوطی و مخازن خالی آفت‏کش‏ها و کودها و دفع ایمن آن‏ها در اولویت‏های آخر کشاورزان قرار داشت. همچنین مهم‏ترین متغیرهای متمایزکننده گروههای کشاورزان به ترتیب شامل مشاهده‏پذیری (271/0)، شرکت در دوره‏های آموزشی (269/0)، پیچیدگی (219/0)، اندازه مزرعه (198/0) و مزیت نسبی (178/0) بدست آمد. تأسیس واحد بازاریابی و فروش در مراکز جهادکشاورزی شهرستان­های مورد مطالعه، برگزاری برنامه‏های "روزمزرعه" و بازدید کشاورزان از مزارع موفق و ایجاد بانک بذر (Seed Bank) برای گوجه فرنگی می‏تواند بر تمایل کشاورزان به استفاده از Iran GAPs بیفزاید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیبزمینی درشهرستان اردبیل، ایران
Asghar Bagheriهدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابز Moreهدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن به وسیله گروهی از متخصصین تایید شد. برای به دست آوردن روایی ابزار پژوهش، یک مطالعه راهنما انجام شد و مقادیر کرونباخ آلفا بین 87/0-77/0 به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که سایر کشاورزان به عنوان منبع اصلی اطلاعات پاسخگویان بودند. عملکرد بیشتر، تولید بذور سالم، بازارپسندی و کیفیت بالاتر محصول حاصل از ریزغده بذری مهم­ترین دلایل پذیرش بودند. نپذیرندگان هزینه بالای ریزغده را مهم­ترین عامل رد آن ذکر کرده بودند. نتیجه آزمون t نشان داد که پذیرندگان از ماشین آلات و ادوات بیشتری استفاده می­کردند. نتایج دیگر این تحقیق نشان داد که از میان ویژگی­های واحد زراعی، تعداد قطعات مزارع ملکی تاثیر منفی معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشت. در مقابل، اندازه مزارع ملکی و سطح زیر کشت سیب زمینی ملکی تاثیر مثبت معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشتند. در بین خصوصیات فردی، سطح تحصیلات و تعداد اعضای با سواد خانوار دارای تاثیر مثتب ولی، سن و تجربه زراعی کشاورزان دارای تاثیر منفی بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب زمینی بودند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Cost–benefit analysis of databases in Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2009
Aliakbar Poorahmad Hadi Sharif Moghaddam Effat BonyadiPurpose: To analyze the cost-benefit of databases of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2009. Methodology: It is an applied and survey research. Statistical population is databases ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis, and Sage. Statistical reports provided by the server MorePurpose: To analyze the cost-benefit of databases of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2009. Methodology: It is an applied and survey research. Statistical population is databases ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis, and Sage. Statistical reports provided by the server were used to collect the required data. And, the two methods namely use frequency and cost-benefit analysis, as two scientific methods in evaluating electronic resources, have been used. Findings: The frequency of the rate of use on the basis of indexes including the number of downloading the papers with HTML and PDF formats and abstracts in different databases were of significant differences, so that among the three databases, ScienceDirect and Taylor and Francis had the lowest rate of use. Conclusion: Due to the costs provided for subscribing the databases, the three databases “ScienceDirect”, “Sage” and “Taylor and Francis” had been the cheapest, relatively expensive, and the most expensive databases, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Mystic Contents of Inscriptions of Sheikh Safi al-Din's Tomb
سیدهاشم حسینی In Islamic architecture the tombs, esp. those of the mystics’, are the most noteworthy architectural constructs next to mosques. Nearly all these mausoleums have some type of surface inscription in the stone, stucco, marble, mosaic and/or painting; More In Islamic architecture the tombs, esp. those of the mystics’, are the most noteworthy architectural constructs next to mosques. Nearly all these mausoleums have some type of surface inscription in the stone, stucco, marble, mosaic and/or painting; and specific verses from Quran or poems from famous poets are inscribed according to the functions of architectural elements. The present article tries to study the influence of Islamic mysticism in inscriptions of the tomb of Sheikh Safi-ad-din Is'haq Ardebili (1252-1334), eponym of the Safavid dynasty, based on Safvat as-safā, a hagiography of Sheikh Safi, written by Ebn Bazzāz (d. 1391-2), a disciple of Safi ad-Din's son and successor, Sadr al-Dīn Mūsā. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Prediction of Distribution of Prangos Uloptera DC. Using Two Modeling Techniques in the Southern Rangelands of Ardabil Province, Iran
Javad Esfanjani Ardavan Ghorbani Mehdi Moameri Mohammad Ali Zarechahouki Abazar Esmali Ouri Amir Mirzaei Mossivand -
Open Access Article
128 - Effects of Sowing Season and Cultivation Method on Vegetative Traits and Establishment of Astragalus lilacinus in Ardebil Province, Iran
Alireza Eftekhari Jaber Sharifi Ehsan Zandi Effahan -
Open Access Article
129 - Investigate the Relationship between the Media Advertisementsand the Consumer Confidence (Case Study: Citizens over 18 Years in Ardabil)
ali jafari Mahdieh BakhshiThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the media advertisements and the consumer confidence (Case study: citizens over 18 years in Ardabil) took place. The purpose of applied research and data collection methodology is survey. The population of this st MoreThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between the media advertisements and the consumer confidence (Case study: citizens over 18 years in Ardabil) took place. The purpose of applied research and data collection methodology is survey. The population of this study all citizens over 18 years In the city of Ardabil. To determine the sample size Cochran formula Was used and the sample was estimated 384 people. The sampling Is multistage cluster. In order to collect the required data, the Questionnaire was used. Data processing and SPSS software. Is analyzed. For analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient Used. The results showed that the mass media with There is a significant positive relationship between the level of consumer confidence. Also, the Product placements provincial TV, radio advertising products in the province, Advertising products in social networks and advertising products in the local press There is a significant positive relationship between the level of consumer confidence, but between the Web sites advertising products in conjunction with consumer confidence Not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The impact of social networks on the quality of life under the protection of Relief Imam Khomeini city of Ardabil
Gholamreza Ghozali Ali JafariThis study aimed to investigate the influence of social networks on quality of life Sponsored by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Ardabil city.This research is an applied research and in terms of technique and descriptive nature Solidarity-and the method of data co MoreThis study aimed to investigate the influence of social networks on quality of life Sponsored by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Ardabil city.This research is an applied research and in terms of technique and descriptive nature Solidarity-and the method of data collection survey. The population of this study included all patients over 18 years under the Committee Ardabil city is relief that the year 1396 is equal to 4,200 Are. Using Morgan table 384 as the sample size Was selected. Sampling method was available. At The research Hagrty theory (2001) The quality of life was used. The theory of the network society and Giddens Structuration theory was used to explain different social networks. The findings of the study showed that There is a significant relationship between the use of social networks and quality of life among the clients under the auspices of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Ardabil. The hypothesis testing showed that There is a positive relationship between the use of social networks and physical health, social relationships, and the lives of patients, But there is a negative relationship between the use of these networks and the psychological health of clients. Results showed that the highest The correlation between the use of social networks and social relations clients, It means that by promoting the use of social networks 2/992 units will be added to their social relations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - An Investigation of the Effects of Reusing Traditional Houses as Schools of Architecture on Students and the Local People (Case Study : Traditional Houses in Ardabil)
Mahsa Javadi Nodeh Azadeh ShahcheragiUsing traditional houses as schools of architecture is based on sustainable multi-dimensional concepts. Reusing these houses can affect the quality of life of the people living in historical textures as well as the experiences of the users of those spaces. Appropriate l MoreUsing traditional houses as schools of architecture is based on sustainable multi-dimensional concepts. Reusing these houses can affect the quality of life of the people living in historical textures as well as the experiences of the users of those spaces. Appropriate learning environments can leave positive effects on the education of the students of architecture.However, these beneficiaries have not been considered in the related processes and the effects of their needs on different aspects of changing the use class of these houses have not been evaluated. Therefore, in the present study, the effective criteria in reusing traditional houses as schools of architecture were evaluated from the viewpoints of the people living in the historical texture and the students of architecture so as to determine the effects of these criteria on the education of the students and the quality of life of the local residents.The traditional houses located in Uch-Dokan Neighborhood were propounded by the experts for these purposes.The houses in this neighborhood were investigated using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods.A questionnaire validated by Cronbach’s α was used to evaluate operational research patterns. Also, considering the normal distribution of the main variables, both descriptive and inferential statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to determine the relationship between the purposes of the beneficiaries and the variables of the study from the viewpoints of the students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University and the residents of Uch-Dokan Neighborhood. The results indicated that from the viewpoints of the students, attending to perceptual dimensions (aesthetics, belonging...) was the most effective factor on their education when using the traditional houses as schools of architecture. From the viewpoints of the residents, functional dimensions (social and cultural activities..) were found to have the highest correlation with their quality of life and vitality in the environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The Role of Long-term and Short-term Orientation of Ardabil Azad University Students in the Success of E-learning
zahra najafizangir Toran Solimani Zohreh MajdThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of long-term and short-term orientation of students in electronic learning. The research method was applied in terms of objective and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistica MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of long-term and short-term orientation of students in electronic learning. The research method was applied in terms of objective and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population includes all students of Ardabil Azad University in the academic year of 1400-1401. Based on Morgan's Table, 367 people were selected as a sample using simple random sampling method. The structural equation modeling was used using SPSS and Smart pls to investigate issues related to validity and reliability of variables and causal relationships between them and explanatory power. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire, 33 closed-ended items on a Likert scale. The validity of the questionnaire was measured based on the opinion of experts, and the reliability of the research was checked and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results of statistical analysis showed that system quality, information quality, and service quality have a significant effect on user satisfaction. Also, user satisfaction had a significant effect on the benefits of using the system, and long-term and short-term orientations had an effect on the benefits of using the system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - Evaluation of fluoride concentration at inlet and outlet household water treatment systems and bottled water distributive high consumption Ardabil city, Iran
Zahra Poorakbar Amir Hosein Mahvi Hadi Sadeghi Mehdi Vosoughi S.Ahmad Mokhtari Abdollah Dargahi -
Open Access Article
134 - The Identification of the Lizards Fauna in the Southern Parts of Ardabil Province, Iran
رامین محمدی آلوچه حاجی قلی کمی علیرضا داداشیReptiles are very important in the biological control of environment. Because of rich fauna and flora of Ardabil Province; and since, many regions of it have not been studied yet, so this research was done in order to identify the fauna of lizards in southern regions of MoreReptiles are very important in the biological control of environment. Because of rich fauna and flora of Ardabil Province; and since, many regions of it have not been studied yet, so this research was done in order to identify the fauna of lizards in southern regions of Ardabil Province (Ardabil, Khalkhal, Kosar, Ner, and Namin) during 2009-10. Specimens were collected by hand from different parts of study regions. Pictures and slides were teken from the live samples and of them transferred to zoological laboratory. In this study 4 families,11 Genera and 13 species were identified, Including:Ophisops elegans,Laudakia caucasica caucasica, Trachylepis aurata transcaucasica,Phrynocephalus persicus,Trapelusruderatus ruderatus,Darevskia chlorogaster,Darevskia raddei raddei,Eremias strauchi strauchi, Iranolacerta brandtii brandtii,Lacerta media media,lacerta strigata, Ablepharus bivittatus, Pseudopus apodus apodus.amony family of Lizard fauna recognized in the south of Ardabil province ,the largest family is lacertidae with 7 species and 4 genera. And Anguidae family with one species and one genus is the rarest lizard. Many species were collected and recorded for the first time from south of Ardabil Province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - The First Report of Keeled Rock Green-Bellied Lizard Darevskia chlorogaster (Reptilia: Sauria: Lacertidae) in Ardabil Province
رامین محمدی آلوچه حاجی قلی کمیThe Lizardson the network to life, food chain and ecosystems are outstanding dry place.Zoology around the world to identify these animals has done many studies. The results lead to new species by mapping their geographical distribution has been. Ardabil Province, includ MoreThe Lizardson the network to life, food chain and ecosystems are outstanding dry place.Zoology around the world to identify these animals has done many studies. The results lead to new species by mapping their geographical distribution has been. Ardabil Province, including areas in which considerable research has been done on reptiles. Therefore, this study tried to limit the power and possibilities in the province and the study adhered to the sample. Read phoneticallyThis study was done in 2009. The materials of the study were collected during spring, summer, fall and late winter. This reserch were collected 21 specimens at the DarevskiaGenus,and Morphologic, morphometric and meristic characteristics have shown that 4 specimens collected are Darevskia chlorogaster. Furthermore, in this study theDarevskia chlorogaster was collected from East Ardabil province for the first time, however, its distribution map wasnand#39;t included in East Ardabil province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - The Relationship Between Nitrate Distribution in Groundwater and Agricultural Landuse (Case study: Ardabil Plain,Iran)
Habib Farhadi Ebrahim Fataei Marjaneh Kharrat Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
137 - An Evaluation Of Ecological Solutions Based On Energy Efficiency In The Vernacular Architecture Of Ardabil
mahsa javadi nodeh azadeh shahcheraghi alireza andalib -
Open Access Article
138 - Comparative study on efficiency of ANP and PROMETHEE methods in locating MSW landfill sites
Ebrahim Fataei Seiied Taghi Seiied Safavian -
Open Access Article
139 - Fauna of planthoppers superfamily Fulgoroidea (Hem.: Auchenorrhyncha) in the northwestern Iran
Fariba MozaffarianPlanthoppers are small insects, belonging to the superfamily Fulgoroidea. They cause economic damages by sucking their saps and also transmit some diseases to the plants. In this study, a list of 42 species of planthoppers in the northwestern Iran is provided via collec MorePlanthoppers are small insects, belonging to the superfamily Fulgoroidea. They cause economic damages by sucking their saps and also transmit some diseases to the plants. In this study, a list of 42 species of planthoppers in the northwestern Iran is provided via collecting specimens in the field and also examining some already deposited material in Hayk Mirzayans Insect Museum. Additionally, the species recordings published materials in the recent 100 years were included. As a result, one species, Phantia zaitzevi Melichar (Flatidae) is recording for the first time from Iran. Five species, Kelisia ribauti Wagner (Delphacidae), Malenia sarmatica Anufriev (Derbidae), Nymphorgerius rostratus Emeljanov (Dictyopharidae), Meenoplus albosignatus Fieber (Meenoplidae) and Tettigometra eremi Lindberg (Tettigometridae) are firstly recorded for northwestern Iran. The five other species, Cixius pallipes Fieber (Cixiidae), Hyalesthes mlokosiewiczi Signoret (Cixiidae), Dictyophara europaea (Linnaeus) (Dictyopharidae), Dictyophara hoberlandti Dlabola (Dictyopharidae), and Tettigometra vitellina Fieber (Tettigometridae) are herewith recorded for the first time from one or more studied provinces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Role of industrial towns in the development of skeletal and economic in villages around them(case study: the around Ardabil industrial town2)
vakil Heidari Sareban Sharare Saeb -
Open Access Article
141 - Designing an innovative management model for Ardabil Children's Center with an emphasis on creative thinking
Nazila Soleymani Javad Javan MajidiThe beginning of cultivating many human abilities starts from childhood, one of the most important of these abilities is creativity, creative thinking and establishing correct social relationships. In recent years, with the growth of the children's population, more atte MoreThe beginning of cultivating many human abilities starts from childhood, one of the most important of these abilities is creativity, creative thinking and establishing correct social relationships. In recent years, with the growth of the children's population, more attention has been paid to educational spaces. Unfortunately, in Iran, education is still carried out in a traditional way, which not only creates anxiety and tension in children and teenagers, but also causes the loss of creativity. Based on this, the aim of the current research was to design an innovative model of Ardabil Children's Center with an emphasis on creative thinking. The current research method is descriptive-analytical, which includes library studies to achieve the principles and criteria of children's design and architecture. The findings showed that in order to ensure the necessary visibility of the students and also to establish the class, there should not be any columns or building foundations in the classroom space. The height of the classroom is 3 meters in cold regions and 3.20 to 3.50 meters in tropical regions. The width of the board in the classroom is 70.2 to 3.60 meters and the minimum distance between the students and the board is 2.20 meters. Corridors should be designed in such a way that, in addition to the communication feature, a special event happens in it and the feeling of enthusiasm to continue moving and guidance for Find the desired point. Also, the use of ceiling skylights can provide adequate light for the space. In order to avoid the child's contact with the doors and windows that open to the movement paths, these paths should be created at a suitable distance from the walls of the building and avoid placing them in the vicinity of doors and windows. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Investigating the Relationship between Personality Characteristics and Job Performance of Employees with the Mediating Role of Organizational Identity of Education and training of Ardabil province
KHIROLAH ، sarboland1352The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and employees' job performance with the role of mediating organizational identity in Education and training of Ardabil province. The statistical population of this study wa MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics and employees' job performance with the role of mediating organizational identity in Education and training of Ardabil province. The statistical population of this study was 610 employees of Education and training of Ardabil province and subsidiary governorates. 240 of them were selected as the statistical sample through Cochran's formula by simple random sampling. A tool for collecting data, a questionnaire, and a questionnaire Standards were used. For face and content validity, questionnaires were used by the experts and professors of the Cronbach Alpha questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data using SPSS22 and LISREL8.54 software. The results showed that the job performance of employees with personality characteristics of extroversion, flexibility, conscientiousness, direct correlation with neuroticism Reverse correlation is meaningful and not correlated with pleasure. Also, in the present study, the role of mediation of organizational identity variable on the effect of personality traits on occupational performance of Education and training of Ardabil province staff was accepted. Finally, we can say that 50% of employee's job performance is predictable through a personality trait. Key words: Manuscript profile
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