• List of Articles institutions

      • Open Access Article

        1 - The impact of cultural institutions on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization
        غفار zarei soleyman ghasempor Ali Mohammad Haghighi
        The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the h More
        The role of culture as a spiritual aspect and civilization as a material aspect are two important topics in the field of identity and national identity of the Islamic Republic of Iran. These two inseparable and reinforcing elements have been of great importance in the history of Iranian civilization. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to the explanation and emphasis on civilization based on the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the issue of civilizational identity has been considered as a main issue in cultural policy. Based on this, the main question of the research is, what effect did cultural institutions have on the institutionalization of modern Islamic civilization in the Islamic Republic of Iran? The main hypothesis is that cultural institutions, knowing the goals and nature of different layers of modern Islamic civilization based on educational, media and cultural and political socialization components, should act in the direction of institutionalization and reproduction of modern Islamic civilization. According to the nature of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution and the viewpoint of the Supreme Leader, as well as the programs formulated in the field of cultural policies, it is possible to achieve the civilizational identity and its development and deepening. The research method is a qualitative method, and the method of collecting information in a library and analyzing the collected data is qualitative analysis. Manuscript profile
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        2 - Evaluation of the impact of informal institutions on the creation of opportunistic entrepreneurship using the GMM method
        Mahdie Maveddaty Taghi Torabi Mahmood Mahmoodzade Abass Memarnejad
        Given the role of entrepreneurship in the economic development, many studies have been conducted on this field in recent years. The role of institutional environment in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities is an important issue in the field of entrepreneursh More
        Given the role of entrepreneurship in the economic development, many studies have been conducted on this field in recent years. The role of institutional environment in the implementation of entrepreneurial activities is an important issue in the field of entrepreneurship. A great number of previous studies have investigated roles of formal institutional factors in the entrepreneurship phenomenon. Therefore, due to the importance of an informal institutional environment, the present research investigated roles of informal institutions in implementing entrepreneurial activities and the creation of opportunistic entrepreneurship by an institutional approach according to North's point of view and also studied informal institutional factors affecting opportunistic entrepreneurship activities in two categories namely social norms and individual self-confidence through data of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) using the generalized method of moment (GMM) for sixty countries in two developed and developing groups during 2009-2017. Research results indicated that the creation of opportunistic entrepreneurial activities significantly depends on the qualitative status of informal institutions. Therefore, these informal institutional factors should be considered alongside formal institutional factors in the entrepreneurial research and also designed programs for developing opportunistic entrepreneurship at the national level. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Analysis of City-Dwelling the Growth Process of New Middle Class in Iran
        Mehrdad Navabakhsh Gorbanali Aghaahmady
        Some factors such as education, profession, social status and income determine the structure of the new middle class in today’s Iranian society. The present article attempts to analyze the relationship between city-dwelling and development of the new middle class More
        Some factors such as education, profession, social status and income determine the structure of the new middle class in today’s Iranian society. The present article attempts to analyze the relationship between city-dwelling and development of the new middle class in Iran. The urban environment has paved the way for inclination to stratification and development of a hierarchy based on criteria that are related to the social classes. The development of distribution of social work and the growth of socio-economic organizations and institutions, complex network of the spaces and social relations and the urbanization system and its rapid pace in developing countries has brought about vast influx to cities and the emergence of service, bureaucratic, and technocratic sectors, as well. The present research has been carried out taking into consideration the viewpoints of Ph.D. and M.A. students of Islamic Azad University, Sciences and Research Branch in Tehran. The present study has employed library research methods in order to identify the research variables. To produce a researcher-made questionnaire, expert opinion was obtained through Delphi method. The population of the study consists of 16179 people in 1388-89 academic year. Using Cochran formula, 443 people were chosen as the sample by means of simple random sampling technique. The study has been done using questionnaire and is based on the fuzzy logic, the Cronbach’s Alpha Index of which is 0.87. The research findings indicate that city-dwelling has paved the way for the growth of the new middle class in Iran through need for development of specialists and skill-owners, technological services, commercial and industrial capitalization, politico-urban institutions and educational systems. Therefore, it can be concluded that economic, social and cultural atmosphere has had an influential role on the development of the new middle class through attraction of population and through development of employment and need for specialized training. The findings of this article illustrate that urbanization provides an appropriate ground for the growth and development of the new middle class through creation of appropriate space for the development of specialized and service activities, creation of appropriate and inappropriate conditions in industrial and commercial investment, the transition of social relations from traditional to modern, and the development of higher education system. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the development of urban services, having the highest rate and ration, has the most important role in the development and maintenance of the new middle class (1.021). The second most important issue is the specialization of affairs in city (.913) and the last is the overall structure of the city (.913). The development of social urbanization has brought about a change in social hierarchies and people’s lifestyle. Training the individuals in higher education and their employment in bureaucratic bodies causes structural renovation of the society. In addition, the findings of the present research are in line with Fialkov’s view that dividing social work and urban techniques along with the activity of craftsmen and bourgeois pave the way for commerce and exchange because exchange with craftsmen gives birth to a new class.   Manuscript profile
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        4 - Provide a Debt Financing Model for Financial Institutions and Banks Based on Crowdfunding with a Grounded Theory Approach
        ghazal SHAHABI SHOJAEI fereidoon rahnama Shadi Shahverdiani hashem nikoomaram
        10.30495/jfksa.2022.20587
        Financial managers of companies often need financing to carry out development projects or their daily turnover finance. In recent years, crowdfunding has become a valuable alternative source of funding for entrepreneurs seeking funding. Therefore, in this study, which h More
        Financial managers of companies often need financing to carry out development projects or their daily turnover finance. In recent years, crowdfunding has become a valuable alternative source of funding for entrepreneurs seeking funding. Therefore, in this study, which has been used qualitatively and with the Grounded Theory, the appropriate model of debt financing of banks through crowdfunding is sought. For this purpose, the opinions of ten experts in this field who were selected using the snowball method were used to identify the factors affecting the debt of financial institutions and banks. After the interviews, the results showed that the banks' debt financing is formed as a result of mass communication (causal conditions), trust building and culture building (intervening conditions) and environmental factors and legalism (ruling bed) which uses e-commerce strategy to secure the debts of banks and credit institutions. Manuscript profile
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        5 - Sociology and Entrepreneurship Nexus
        Lucky Osaretin Odia
        10.30495/ijss.2022.20661
        Manuscript profile
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        6 - Identifying and ranking the influential economic and financial factors in the research and development of agricultural institutions
        Mina Noori Abbass Khamseh Mehrdad Hosseini shakib Seyed hesamedin Madani
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - Small and Medium Enterprises Financing in Bangladesh: The Missing Middle
        M. Badrul Haider T. Akhter
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        8 - Investigating the Factors Influencing Social Capital in the Creation of Social Institutions Case Study: Ferdowsi City - Shahriar City
        Zahra Khodaee Meysam Rezaei
        Neighborhood as a unit wisdom decisions Nowadays, are the main initial core of their cities. In this study, considering social capital as a key axis, in the realization of the creation of social institutions, three main components of it are considered: social participat More
        Neighborhood as a unit wisdom decisions Nowadays, are the main initial core of their cities. In this study, considering social capital as a key axis, in the realization of the creation of social institutions, three main components of it are considered: social participation, social trust and social cohesion. The type of research in this research is applied and its method is descriptive and survey, which has been implemented in a case study of the city of Ferdosiyeh and separately from the neighborhoods. The data gathering tool was interview and using a questionnaire that the normal variables were determined by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and SPSS software was used to analyze the results. The findings of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a significant relationship between participation, trust and social cohesion from citizens' perspective in establishing a community-based neighborhood in the city of Ferdosiyeh. The results of Pearson correlation test showed that the participation component was 0.712%, Trust with a rate of 0.615% and social cohesion with 0.264% have a significant role in creating social institutions in the city of Ferdosiyeh and using the linear regression test it turned out to be among the components of social capital, the component of citizen participation with 53.2% in establishing community-based social institutions in the city of Ferdosiyeh has a higher significance and one of the features of these institutions is the use of citizen opinions in urban affairs. Manuscript profile
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        9 - Presenting a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the Government of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture
        abdolmahdi torabiyan masoud pourkiani saeid sayadi
        Introduction and purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to present a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture. Research Method: In this study, More
        Introduction and purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to present a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture. Research Method: In this study, first the factors affecting money laundering control for public culture were identified through a survey of experts using Delphi technique, and then these factors were tested in the form of a model designed in the statistical community. The statistical population of the study was 321 people, all senior managers of Kerman National Bank branches, and 200 people were selected as the sample. Data collection tools were interviews and questionnaires (2 questionnaires). The data were analyzed in SPSS and AMOS22 software. Findings: Factor analysis results show that the components of "moving away from the state economy" and "e-banking" were the most important in explaining the money laundering variable, so that the component of moving away from the state economy 90% and the component of e-banking 86%. Conclusion: Money laundering has become one of the most important issues in many countries and can have far-reaching consequences for the economy of any country, and the relevant institutions must pay special attention to take action to combat this issue. Manuscript profile
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        10 - Explanation of Cultural Policy Making Challenges in Higher Education Institutions at Formulation, Implementation and Evaluation Stages
        Ali Reza Nasiri Firuz محمد es
        10.30495/jcm.2023.74265.1683
        Introduction and purpose of the study: Cultural policy making includes three stages of policy formulation, program implementation and evaluation of activities. In each stage, there are some barriers that identifying and giving solutions for eliminating them and improvin More
        Introduction and purpose of the study: Cultural policy making includes three stages of policy formulation, program implementation and evaluation of activities. In each stage, there are some barriers that identifying and giving solutions for eliminating them and improving existed condition can be useful. The purpose of this study is identifying barriers and solutions of cultural policy making in higher education institutions to provide identification, anticipation, feedback, improvement and excellence. Methodology: This study used qualitative method and systematic review with functional purpose. A comprehensive systematic review was undertaken drawn from different data bases researches and related citations between 1387 till 1399. A total sample of 40 references was analyzed. The criteria for choosing documents were, aligning topic, abstract, and content with cultural policy making in higher education. Findings: Findings of research showed that cultural policy making barriers can be put in three categories with their subcategories: Barriers of policy formulation( theoretical and study barriers, weakness in problem finding, methodology and lack of data bases); policy implementation barriers(barriers resulting from executors, financial barriers, legal barriers, barriers related with human resources, barriers related with management foundations and environmental barriers) and activity evaluation barriers(barriers related with data, hardware barriers, software barriers and barriers related with understanding and consciousness). Manuscript profile
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        11 - Systematic Review of Higher Education Institutions Cultural Policy Making Evaluation Indicators
        Ali Reza Nasiri Firuz REZA عقیلی
        10.30495/jcm.2022.70599.1633
        Introduction and purpose: In the last two decades, despite the emphasis on the importance of higher education institutions cultural policy making, less attention has been paid to appropriateness of policy formulation, efficiency of programs implementation, and effective More
        Introduction and purpose: In the last two decades, despite the emphasis on the importance of higher education institutions cultural policy making, less attention has been paid to appropriateness of policy formulation, efficiency of programs implementation, and effectiveness of cultural activities. This study was done with the purpose of identifying cultural policy making evaluation indicators of higher education institutions. Designing cultural policy making evaluation conceptual model was another purpose of the study. Method: This research was done with qualitative method and reviewing previous researches. Articles were selected through studies related to cultural policy making evaluation between 1997 and 2020. Through 191 searched articles, finally 50 articles were chosen and investigated systematically. Findings: Based on reviewing researches and related articles, cultural policy making evaluation indicators in higher education system were classified in three main categories: evaluation of policy formulation, evaluation of program implementation, evaluation of activities and outcomes. Sub-categories were classified as: problem finding, formulating solutions and legitimization. Conclusion: Identifying evaluation indicators of cultural policy making in higher education system, weak and strength points in formulation, implementation and evaluation stages were realized. In addition to being a guideline for policy makers, the necessary context for reformatory actions, amendation and promotion of quality in higher education cultural policy making were brought together. Manuscript profile
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        12 - scrutiny of cultural change in organization and cultural institution and cultural institutions of country
        علی اکبر رضایی نوریه شادالویی
        Introduction and aim of research: In the contexts of government  management ,change have been proposed with various concepts that slight improvement to the re-engineering  administrative system to improve the efficiency  and speed up the public service to More
        Introduction and aim of research: In the contexts of government  management ,change have been proposed with various concepts that slight improvement to the re-engineering  administrative system to improve the efficiency  and speed up the public service to administrative revolution with the major changes in economic, political, social, rights can be included. undoubtedly, each country has a close relationship with the administrative system and administrative system of development should have should be used  particular dexterity, but depending on what model should be used for the development, administrative system should follow that model. Research: this study used a descriptive - analysis. Community and sample consisted of community organization and institutions that an administrative change pattern done or are doing. Results: first the issue of culture and cultural development as the primary goal in the management of the cultural basis was discussed. then cultural management and implications in three axles as cultural policy and cultural programming as an accessory for the main purpose of cultural development  were survey.  Continuing in attention to fluid nature and the lack of stability culture   and cultural change and its flexibility in two field of culture  and creativity and cultural innovation  and  subject of cultural change management and   procedures and objective was stated. conclusion: governments  in developing  cultural management system in the country not only as a major employer but in line with the mission of  national development and culture are responsible, they play a major role. These factors can make favorable condition s for the development of local culture with country's domestic and national culture will come together with cultural management.  It is hoped that with the grace of God effective  steps towards these goal Manuscript profile
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        13 - An introduction on the configuration of inequality by Emphasizing economic and political institutions in the context of development: Provide a conceptual model
        fatemeh ghabel rahmat soroush fathi Majid Tavasoli Roknabadi ali morshedizad
        To understand inequality, it is necessary to evaluate the theoretical foundation of school in which, inequality is defined before evaluating by various indicators. Market-oriented and societal approaches each one somehow, explain the inequality and its causes. First gro More
        To understand inequality, it is necessary to evaluate the theoretical foundation of school in which, inequality is defined before evaluating by various indicators. Market-oriented and societal approaches each one somehow, explain the inequality and its causes. First group considers it inevitable and is considered as a component of economic growth, and second group considers it as the result of policy-making by state. This paper tries to provide a model for analyzing the configuration of inequality in countries with a "limited access order" economic system, using the concepts extracted from the theoretical foundations in the of the new institutional economy as an interdisciplinary approach. This model demonstrates that unofficial economic institutions, along with legal economic institutions that seek to redistribute resources, illegally accumulate wealth in Political and economic elite and are used as a tool by informal political institutions to distribute loyalty rents to the masses. The total of these factors leads to a configuration of inequality in which, inequality itself too, affects the formation and durability of Unevenness institutions and this cycle is constantly repeated. The methodology of research is qualitative and the extraction of concepts is from the theories that have the same ontological, epistemological, anthropological, and methodological foundations. Manuscript profile
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        14 - Identifying Sociological Roles of Civil o in Tehran year 95
        hossein bashiri guivi ، مهرداد نوابخش سروش فتحی
        This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Establishing Local Democracy in Tehran in 1395 "And by survey method using a questionnaire tool. Nowadays, due to the wide and complexity of urban issues as well as the acquisition of va More
        This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Establishing Local Democracy in Tehran in 1395 "And by survey method using a questionnaire tool. Nowadays, due to the wide and complexity of urban issues as well as the acquisition of various experiences in terms of realization of urban projects and programs, attracting popular contributions in order to achieve the desired goals of local communities, On the one hand, experience has shown that the realization of participation in its true sense requires institutionalization and sustainability of participation, which is symmetrical with the formation of the spectrum of associations and institutions of society, in other words, the expansion and Deepening of public participation requires organizing, institutionalizing and creating appropriate structural conditions. There was a meaningful relationship between civil society and civil society, but there was no significant relationship between civic institutions and management participation, participation in decision making, and consulting participation. In the regression test, the adjusted coefficient of adjustment was more than 50% predicted by local democracy with Independent variable of civil institutions. Manuscript profile
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        15 - The role of social institutions in the sustainable development of agriculture Case study: (agricultural bank of Ilam province)
        morteza rostami marjan vahedi mohamad bagher arayesh Roya Eshraghi Samani
        10.30495/jisds.2021.19448
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social institutions in sustainable agricultural development. . For this purpose, 42 experts, managers and implementers of agricultural projects were selected as the study sample and the required information was col More
        The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social institutions in sustainable agricultural development. . For this purpose, 42 experts, managers and implementers of agricultural projects were selected as the study sample and the required information was collected through questionnaires distributed among them. In order to analyze the data obtained from structural equation modeling, the partial least squares method was used by PLS statistical software and the results of the conceptual model fit indices indicate the appropriate fit of the measurement model, structural and It was a general model of research. All hypotheses related to the factors affecting the sustainable development of agriculture were confirmed. The validity of the research was confirmed using a panel of experts, project implementers, professors and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha, combined reliability, convergent validity and convergent validity. The results showed that causal factors (education-comprehensive planning), central category (economic conditions), intervention factors (policy-judicial-climate), underlying factors (government-infrastructure), strategies (Banking regulations) affect the sustainable development of agriculture (collection of loans), and the productive root of a comprehensive pattern of collection of loans in the agricultural sector is economic factors, based on which farmers' incomes are affected. With the increase of farmers' incomes and coherent planning for the repayment of agricultural loans and the implementation of the necessary and efficient infrastructure by the government, the proper implementation of appropriate methods and methodology for receiving loans in the agricultural sector will be provided. Manuscript profile
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        16 - comparative evaluation of elderly welfare programs with selected countries
        soroush fathi Tahmoures Shiri hossein shahverdi
        10.30495/jisds.2022.69800.11803
        Considering the beginning of the phenomenon of aging in the world and the special planning of the world in this area, in Iran, since the 8th decade of policy making in this area, and since the 90s, aging has been a serious topic in Iran. Emdad (reh) of the Ministry of H More
        Considering the beginning of the phenomenon of aging in the world and the special planning of the world in this area, in Iran, since the 8th decade of policy making in this area, and since the 90s, aging has been a serious topic in Iran. Emdad (reh) of the Ministry of Health, Behzai organization, Imaman organization... have become the guardian organizations of this field. Secondary data analysis technique has been obtained and analyzed The findings of the research show that, based on the global aging monitoring indicators, the aging situation in Iran is far from global indicators and standards, and in some indicators, this gap is so large that it can be called a gap. Kurd. The analysis of why this situation generally points to the lack of coherence in welfare programs. According to the findings of the research, suggestions have been made to improve the performance of old age programs in Iran. Manuscript profile
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        17 - The Challenge of Development-oriented Government in Mobilizing the Educated Force
        Hamid Sajadi Ebrahim Mottaghi
        Manuscript profile
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        18 - Sufi Institutions in Mamluk Jerusalem and Their Social and Cultural Functions
        batul sheikh Masoumali panjeh فهیمه Mokhber
        10.30495/jrs.2022.19942
        This article examines the formation and expansion of three main institutions of Sufism including Khānqah, ribāṭ, and zāwīyah in Jerusalem during the Mamluk period and raises the question of what was the function of those institutions in the social and cultural life of t More
        This article examines the formation and expansion of three main institutions of Sufism including Khānqah, ribāṭ, and zāwīyah in Jerusalem during the Mamluk period and raises the question of what was the function of those institutions in the social and cultural life of the city. According to the findings of this study, thirty Sufi institutions including seven khānqahs, six ribāṭs and 17 zāwīyahs were founded in Jerusalem during this period. The founders of the khānqahs and Ribāṭs were mainly Mamluk Sultans and Amirs, but the Zāwīyahs were instituted by the Sufi sheikhs. In addition to their educational and pedagogic functions, those institutions also had a large social and cultural function of accommodation and hospitality. By that they legitimize the Mamluk rulers, as the main founders and financiers of the institutions and so they used them to strengthen the religious foundations of their monarchy. The formation and expansion of Sufi institutions during this period was also one of the important factors in restoring the Islamic identity of Jerusalem and the Islamization of the city. Manuscript profile
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        19 - a comparative analysis of the protest literature in the poems of samih AL-Qasim and ali Reza Ghazouh (relying on criticism of international institutions)
        sabrh seavashi mostafa javid nahid nasihat
        10.30495/clq.2023.1977448.2508
        Objection is a type of stance, the most basic use of which is to deprive a person or a group of people who have been sued of a sense of security. The degree of impact of protest is different according to its type. One of the most effective types of protest is in the for More
        Objection is a type of stance, the most basic use of which is to deprive a person or a group of people who have been sued of a sense of security. The degree of impact of protest is different according to its type. One of the most effective types of protest is in the form of poetry; Because poets, by expressing their protests, play a significant role in awakening people and bringing society out of depression. This essay focuses on comparing the protest poems of two contemporary Palestinian and Iranian poets named Samih al-Qasim and Alireza Qazweh. The authors' effort has been to examine the commonalities and differences of the poems of these two poets, based on the American school of comparative literature, using the descriptive-analytical method. The obtained results show that the type of literature of Samih al-Qassem is mixed with helplessness and incapacity, which shows his despair, but Alireza Qazwa criticized international institutions from a position of power and with a kind of determination, which shows his hope and this hope. And the disappointment is caused by the social atmosphere of these two poets; From the point of view of Samih al-Qasim, due to the lack of a suitable platform, the impact of poetic concepts has been minimized and ultimately led to the poet's disappointment. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Explaining a Model for Error Management Culture in educational institutions
        Elham Sahraie Yousef Namvar Sadraddin Sattari
        Establishing and promoting error management culture in educational institutions can decrease the occurrence of errors in such settings. By doing so, organizational errors can be reduced and the performance of the institutions as well as their staff can be improved. That More
        Establishing and promoting error management culture in educational institutions can decrease the occurrence of errors in such settings. By doing so, organizational errors can be reduced and the performance of the institutions as well as their staff can be improved. That is why the present study aimed to explore error management culture in educational institutes. This study was a qualitative research in which the methodology of grounded theory was employed to collect and analyze the data. For the purpose of the study, 11 experts in the field of education were selected from among heads of educational organizations and school managers with at least 10 years of related experience via snowball sampling method. Then interviews were conducted with each of the participants using a semi-structured interview. The collected qualitative data were then analyzed in the three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. These categories and subcategories were then classified in 5 structural categories of the grounded theory, namely causal conditions (primary and secondary purposes), contextual factors (related to management and improvement), intervenient conditions (organizational obstacles, informational-motivational obstacles), strategies of action/ interaction (psychological safety, organizational conditions and requirements), and consequences (individual and organizational advantages). For validity and reliability, the method of Lincoln and Guba, which includes: credibility, trust, verifiability and transferability, was used and it was approved in terms of validity and reliability. In the end, the findings of the research showed that the establishment of error management culture in educational institutions leads to the development and effectiveness of the organization and individuals. Also, the employees of the institutions do not receive the necessary training in this field. Manuscript profile
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        21 - The Role of Institutions in Domestic Production and Economic Growth from the Jurisprudential Perspective
        Mahdi Rajabi Mustafa Rajaepour Mohammad Reza Kazemi Golvardi Reza Fahimidoab
        The purpose of the present study is to survey the role of institutions in domestic production and economic growth from the jurisprudential outlook. The method of research is descriptive analysis and it aims to answer whether economic jurisprudence is considered as an in More
        The purpose of the present study is to survey the role of institutions in domestic production and economic growth from the jurisprudential outlook. The method of research is descriptive analysis and it aims to answer whether economic jurisprudence is considered as an institutional economy in its way of development. To this aim, the research relies on the hypothesis that Islam as a fundamental institution consists of a combination of interrelated legal, social, and ethical institutions working together based on a common system and following a fixed set of principles. Delving deep into these systems and understanding their roles in the economy is of special significance. By a systematic look at Islamic jurisprudence, some of the most important institutions for production are recognized to be economic security, responsibility of utilizing resources and wealth, protection of welfare in society, cooperation and public collaboration, normative ethics, and economic stability. The fulfilment of the objectives in each of the above institutions is followed through jurisprudential methods and rules. Manuscript profile
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        22 - Political-Social Achievements of Religious Intellectualism in Iran and Egypt
        Ebrahim Qasempoor Aliakbar Amini Morteza Manshadi
        10.22034/sej.2020.1911576.1267
        The present study, relying on the ideas of some religious intellectuals such as Seyyed Jamāl as a theorist of religious intellectualism in the Islamic world including Iran and Egypt, 'Allāma Nā'ini as an Iranian reformist intellectual, and Sheykh Mohammad 'Abdah as an E More
        The present study, relying on the ideas of some religious intellectuals such as Seyyed Jamāl as a theorist of religious intellectualism in the Islamic world including Iran and Egypt, 'Allāma Nā'ini as an Iranian reformist intellectual, and Sheykh Mohammad 'Abdah as an Egyptian reformist, aims to answer what were the political-social achievements of religious intellectual movement in Iran and Egypt. The method of study was descriptive analysis and the results showed that religious intellectualism in the 19th century Iran has had some achievements in Iran like propagating rationalism, and creating modern structures such as parliament, law, and court. It also has brought about some outcomes in Egypt, like propagating rationalism, starting reformism, modernism movement and its manifestations such as newspapers and new schools, changing the attitude to women's rights, nationalism, and secularism. Manuscript profile
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        23 - Quality in English Language Teaching: Postulating a Prospective Quality Enhancement Model
        Zahra Kafi Khalil Motallebzadeh Hossein Khodabakhshzadeh Mitra Zeraatpisheh
        10.30486/relp.2020.1882017.1165
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        24 - Analytical and Comparative study of Distance education for higher education in Iran, England and India
        reza fazlalizadeh ahmad aghazadeh ghodsi ahghar
        This study aimed to identify and compare features of distance education in higher education in Iran and England and India. Similar and different features of higher education institutes for distance education in mentioned countries were compared to improve distance educa More
        This study aimed to identify and compare features of distance education in higher education in Iran and England and India. Similar and different features of higher education institutes for distance education in mentioned countries were compared to improve distance education in Iran. This is an analytical and comparative study. It is based on four stages of Bordi method. The most important results showed that using the experiences of successful countries and changing it according to our country, describing vision of higher education from the due to increasing the power to elect learners, the improvement of comprehensiveness and innovation and effectiveness of the education of our country in the need for a combination approach in Jannou Lacaze and methods of education and also pay attention to the principles and basic approaches this system pivotal student and emphasis on individual differences in educational design. Lack of restrictions on time and place especially in Devisal establishment of the system of education in universities and higher education our country Muslims’ leader, to work. Manuscript profile
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        25 - Investigation of the relationship between individual characteristics and students' experiences with their academic achievements in Shiraz non-profit higher education institutions
        Anahit Owji Rahmatoolah Marzooghi
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between individual characteristics and students’ experiences with their academic gains in Shiraz non-profit higher education institutions. The statistical population was comprised of seniors (3000 students) i More
        The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between individual characteristics and students’ experiences with their academic gains in Shiraz non-profit higher education institutions. The statistical population was comprised of seniors (3000 students) in these institutions in the academic year of 2010-11. 341 students were selected according to Morgan’s table and by using simple proportional classifications sampling method. The research tool included the college students experiences questionnaire of Pace and Kuh (1998), which was distributed after calculation of reliability and gaining the validity coefficient of 0.91. The data was analyzed by using the statistical methods such as multiple regressions, independent t-test and one way ANOVA. The results of research showed that all three dimensions of college students’ experiences including perceptions of quality of environment, quality of effort and social integrations were significant anticipator of their academic gains respectively. In addition, the results indicated that the students’ experiences in anticipating their academic gains differ in terms of their gender, place of residence, field of study, level of education and their grade point average. In addition, the results indicated no significant difference between the academic gains of students by gender, place of residence and level of education and significant difference between their academic gains based on their field of study and grade point average (GPA). Manuscript profile
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        26 - Developing a sociological model for institutionalizing public sports among students of Payame Noor University in Kermanshah province
        Ali Karimi Hesamaldin Alidousti
        10.30486/4s.2022.1958176.1043
        Objective: The present research was conducted to develop a sociological model of institutionalizing public sports among the students of Payam Noor University in Kermanshah Province.Methodology: A purpose-based, applied research method was utilized based on a hybrid stra More
        Objective: The present research was conducted to develop a sociological model of institutionalizing public sports among the students of Payam Noor University in Kermanshah Province.Methodology: A purpose-based, applied research method was utilized based on a hybrid strategy and a descriptive-survey implementation method. The statistical population of the research included all the students of Payam Noor University in Kermanshah province (7000 people) who entered the first semester of 2019-2020 which were selected as a statistical sample by stratified random sampling and based on Morgan's table (364 people). The tool used in this research was the researcher-made questionnaire. In this research, the validity of the questionnaires was examined using content validity and based on the opinion of the university scientific experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84. In order to analyze the findings and compile the model, the smart PLS statistical software, structural equation model, and confirmatory factor analysis method were used.Results: The results showed that the role of the family in institutionalizing public sports with an impact factor of 0.40 and a value of 3.95 t, the role of social media in institutionalizing public sports with an impact factor of 0.77 and a value of 15.640 t, and the role of the university in institutionalizing public sports with an impact factor of 0.32 and a value of 3.94 had a positive and meaningful impact.Conclusion: It was found that the role of social media in institutionalizing public sports is more profound than other indicators, and the university's role in this field was weaker than other indicators. Manuscript profile
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        27 - Urban Development with an Approach to the Role of Local Government in Iran
        Hojat Mahkouii Hasan Bavir
        Today, development and independence within cities are among the main concerns of the rulers of various societies in the world. Paying attention to the affairs of cities in the age of globalization depends on strong and efficient management. This is not possible except b More
        Today, development and independence within cities are among the main concerns of the rulers of various societies in the world. Paying attention to the affairs of cities in the age of globalization depends on strong and efficient management. This is not possible except by implementing the model of the local government and involving the people in their own urban affairs and realizing their citizenship rights. The main focus of underdevelopment problems in developing countries is cities. The increase in urban population and the continuous migration of villagers to densely populated cities have put severe pressure on urban infrastructure and prevented most of them from playing a favorable role in the development process in developing countries. Urban development depends heavily on urban infrastructure such as energy, roads and other resources. The present article uses a descriptive-analytical method using library resources to examine the role and position of local government in the development of Iranian cities. The results of this article show that some cities in Iran do not have a beautiful urban space and appearance. Decisions are usually dictated to municipalities from the top down. In municipalities, the presence of experts in urban affairs and urban planning is very low. Due to the geographical features of Iran, the model of local government in urban management and urban development can be effective.Extended AbstractIntroductionSolving the problems of urban underdevelopment in developing countries is not the responsibility of the government alone. Necessities such as the inefficiency of government agencies, lack of financial resources and increasing people's desire to participate in the affairs and pressure of international organizations are the problems raised within cities. But the optimal activity within cities depends on the existence of appropriate conditions in the four areas of government, municipality, non-governmental organizations, and local government. Theoretically, the government, which does not have the capacity in the structure, policies and programs to accept the participation and cooperation of actors such as non-governmental organizations, obviously does not have much space for the activities of these organizations. The importance of urban issues has never been more apparent than it is today. Now, after centuries, cities are considered as the most important fruits of human technological, artistic, cultural and social efforts. [Currently] One of the factors that creates vitality and vitality in cities and towns is diversity in them. Different areas have different properties, activities, sizes, uses, and functions. Some places are lively and crowded and others are quiet and remote. In these cities there will be complex compositions: dense areas, memorial and open areas, soft areas (green space), hard areas (buildings), old areas, new areas, areas with tall buildings and areas with short buildings, shopping malls and Commercial, recreational and leisure areas, and this diversity must be recognized in order to define the relevant features of the areas.MethodologyThis article uses a descriptive-analytical method, using library resources and documents, and Internet sites, to ask the question, what is the role of local government in urban development in Iran? Provide the necessary answer; Accordingly, the research hypothesis is that the model of local government has not been formed in Iran and the development of cities does not have a favorable trend.Results and discussionThe role and functions of local government are subject to the discretion of the central government, which controls and expands the power of local government. The central government, usually under conditions of security, tranquility and high loyalty of local people to the central government on the one hand and increasing the volume of central government tasks, especially in simple and centralized governments and the development of bureaucracy and fear of dissatisfaction at the local level On the other hand, it seeks to transfer some of its tasks, responsibilities, and in other words, its power, especially in the executive dimension, to the local level. The distribution and transfer of such powers and responsibilities may be delegated to the male branch of local government (councils and local councils) or to the local government (governorates and government departments), or by a special policy between the two to distribute and regulate their relations. The main focus of underdevelopment problems in developing countries is cities. The increase in urban population and the continuous migration of villagers to densely populated cities have put severe pressure on urban infrastructure and prevented most of them from playing a favorable role in the development process in developing countries.Urban management in Iran has gone through many ups and downs and the way of governing cities in Iran has more than anything else, has a political and governmental aspect and the color and smell of civil life in it is faint and more than any phenomenon is a political process originating from the central government. Municipalities in Iran have a very limited and specific part of urban management. The administration of cities in Iran is very far from the city government. Even the presence of a number of people's representatives in city councils can not bring municipalities to the level of comprehensive urban management. The most important issues of city management from the perspective of municipalities is to meet some of the public needs of the city. Therefore, urban management in European countries, which acts as a governing body, is fundamentally different from urban management, which in Iran is the city monitoring and maintenance department (Latifi, 2008: 1-57). Of course, in Iran, due to the government's reliance on foreign oil revenues and the connection with the social structure and planning and management of affairs based on government-oriented and general policies based on providing material satisfaction of the people, municipalities in limited and specific areas of urban services such as transportation. Green space and urban health and cleanliness are responsible. Despite the importance of municipalities in providing municipal services, issues such as lack of sustainable revenue sources and inefficient administrative and technical system (and in the case of Iran, strong influence and dependence on the central government are added), these institutions largely fail to perform their duties properly. It has stopped in Iran and developing countries and caused them many problems.ConclusionConsidering the issues raised in this article, as well as the role that the local government model has been able to play in urban development and management in countries such as the United States, Canada, and France; It can be stated that the management that local government can have in different parts of a country, and with regard to functions such as: 1. Education; 2. Housing and land use; 3. Public transportation; 4. Local planning, development and development; 5. Health; 6. Recreational places and leisure; 7. Sports venues; 8. Welfare and social security and assistance to groups in need; 9. Municipal services; 10 Judgment and fight against crime; 11. Public security and law enforcement; 12. Public services, this model can play a positive role in urban development. Of course, these functions can also be implemented in the model of a simple government, but its implementation has not been seen in cities, apart from large cities and capitals, due to the experience of such countries, good efficiency and effectiveness. Although the implementation of the local government model has its advantages and disadvantages, but its advantages are more and play a significant role in urban development. As mentioned by models from European and Western countries, it was found that in such countries, the local government and the federal system were able to pay more attention to citizenship rights. There was also talk of urban development and management in Iran, it can be seen that cities in Iran do not have a beautiful urban space and appearance. Decisions are usually dictated to municipalities from the top down. In municipalities, the presence of experts in urban affairs and urban planning is very low. Even in the higher levels of urban management, it is seen with the lack of expertise and matching of university degrees in the field of urban planning and urban management with the intended job and position. According to the geographical features of Iran (cultural geography, economic geography, regional geography), the local government model in urban management and urban development can be effective. Manuscript profile
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        28 - Investigating the Effect of Developing Financial Institutions on Economic Growth with Panel Vector Autoregressive Approach and Markov Switching Approach in MENA Member Countries
        Marjan Habibollahi Reza Maaboudi Mohammad Khorsand
        10.22034/amfa.2022.1962118.1770
        Manuscript profile
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        29 - Study Barriers to Implementation of Industrial Clusters in the State of East Azerbaijan
        Alireza Bafandeh Zendeh Amir Bairami Hajilari
        The current study has been conducted to evaluate barriers to implementing industrial clusters in East Azerbaijan province. In order to achieve the above objective, 3 questions were raised. The research method has been Descriptive and the statistical population included More
        The current study has been conducted to evaluate barriers to implementing industrial clusters in East Azerbaijan province. In order to achieve the above objective, 3 questions were raised. The research method has been Descriptive and the statistical population included all managers of small and medium-sized enterprises and industrial clusters of East Azerbaijan province that includes five clusters: Tabriz leather shoes, car parts, furniture, appliances and Tabriz stone. The statistical sample was determined by using Cochran formula and Stratified Random Sampling, which were 334. A questionnaire was used to collect data that assessed and verified the reliability and validity. Radio test, Kruskal–Wallis test and Friedman test was used to analyze the data. The results show barriers to implementation of industrial clusters are on the 3 areas: Development factor, Supporter institutions, and Cluster members. The studies revealed all three areas are equally important. Also, Kruskal-Wallis test results show that there is the difference between the barriers to implementing cluster in different groups.   Manuscript profile
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        30 - A Survey on the Critical Success Factors in Executing the Industrial Clusters Development Plan
        Morteza Daraei Esfandiar Mohammadi Kiumars Ahmadi
        This study aimed to examine the key success factors in the implementation of the industrial cluster development in the country. Study sample size was 107 individuals randomly chosen from the population of these regions. The sample was calculated by using Cochran formula More
        This study aimed to examine the key success factors in the implementation of the industrial cluster development in the country. Study sample size was 107 individuals randomly chosen from the population of these regions. The sample was calculated by using Cochran formula. Instruments included a questionnaire which its face validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and experienced instructors. The reliability of the four items of the questionnaire was 78.1%, 88.1%, 72.3% and 80.6%, respectively. Data from the completed questionnaires, using Win/SPSS version 21 of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistics, descriptive and analytical statistics to assess the normality of the data, a Friedman test to rank the items in the single-sample t-test comparison was used to test the hypotheses and answer questions. Results showed that the variables associated with the cluster development agent, broker organizations and support institutions, business environment and development of clusters of clusters with the successful implementation of development programs is a positive and significant correlation. These variables can affect the success of the development of industrial clusters. These factors have also been linked to prioritize items. It was found that no matter how the scales will rise above and be evaluated from the perspective of people over the clusters will also increase the success rate of development.   Manuscript profile
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        31 - Concepts and institutions of public law in Qajar travelogues
        Reza Yaghoubi
        travelogues are an important channel for identifying and introducing the relations governing the era that the travelogue narrates. An important part of these relationships are the concepts and institutions that the travel writer has described as a symbol of the apparent More
        travelogues are an important channel for identifying and introducing the relations governing the era that the travelogue narrates. An important part of these relationships are the concepts and institutions that the travel writer has described as a symbol of the apparent difference between the West and the East. Considering the significant cognitive gap between the spatial container of the minds of the authors of these travelogues and the historical space of the subject of the travelogue writers' narrative and considering the newness of the major part of established and conventional legal concepts and institutions in the time and place of the subject of these travelogues, understanding the narrative The travelogues of these concepts and institutions allow us to get acquainted with their historical background. The description of the authors of these travelogues is descriptive and limited to the appearances of institutions and legal concepts, and all the travelogues who are the subject of this research had no knowledge of the theoretical foundations and background of these concepts and institutions, and only Abdul Latif Shoushtari made scattered references to the break between the old and the new in their thoughts. and the theoretical foundations of these concepts and institutions. In general, the predominance of genre and historical narrative and the lack of theoretical and analytical reflection is the common feature of all these travelogues. Manuscript profile
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        32 - Civil liability arising from the violation of sports contracts in the laws of Iran and England with a look at Islamic jurisprudence
        Abdollah Doulah Mahdi Firozabadian Gholamreza Yazdani
        The purpose of this research is the comparative study of civil liability resulting from the violation of sports contracts in the laws of Iran and England with a view on Islamic jurisprudence. The research method is descriptive-analytical and taken from library sources. More
        The purpose of this research is the comparative study of civil liability resulting from the violation of sports contracts in the laws of Iran and England with a view on Islamic jurisprudence. The research method is descriptive-analytical and taken from library sources. In response to the question, what is the civil liability resulting from the violation of sports contracts in Iranian and English law with an approach to Islamic jurisprudence? It was found that athletes in sports clubs, like other legal entities, have rights and obligations, and failure to fulfill these rights and obligations - either contractual or legal - may cause the clubs to be held civilly or legally liable, depending on the case. The legal relationship of the sports clubs with the athletes and coaches is based on the employer-employee relationship and is subject to the labor law, except in special cases such as the regulations and circulars of the relevant federations. Clubs are vicariously responsible for damages caused by athletes and coaches to third parties, including opposing athletes and spectators. The basis of civil liability of sports clubs in Iran's legal system and Islamic jurisprudence and European countries is based on the assumption of fault. The most important duty of sports clubs is to comply with the club's safety obligations, which non-compliance leads to civil or police liability of the respective club. Manuscript profile
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        33 - Identifying and analyzing the components of creativity and managerial innovation of managers of higher education institutions in order to Providing a conceptual model that fits it
        Somayeh Azizi Maryam Islam Panah Faranak Mosavi Bahman Saeidipour
        Purpose: The present research aims to analyze the creativity and managerial innovation components of managers and higher education institutions It has been done in order to present the appropriate conceptual model. Method: In terms of practical purpose, the current re More
        Purpose: The present research aims to analyze the creativity and managerial innovation components of managers and higher education institutions It has been done in order to present the appropriate conceptual model. Method: In terms of practical purpose, the current research is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative discovery in terms of data, and in terms of method The implementation is based on the data type of the foundation and cross-sectional object traversal. The research community in the qualitative section includes experts and specialists In the quantitative section, there are 28 directors of higher education institutions. Findings: The findings showed that the extracted model has 2 components of creativity, 3 components of innovation, and 2 components related to dimensions. Creativity, 2 components related to the dimensions of innovation and 2 components related to the proposed actions of experts to improve traditions The quality of management services of directors of higher education institutionsTaj showed the components of creativity and innovation It is the components and characteristics of personality. Conclusion: The presented model can be used to evaluate the creativity and managerial innovation of the managers of Musa Sat Amo Zashaali and others It is desirable to solve the possible problems and obstacles. Keywords: creativity, innovation, higher education institutions Manuscript profile
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        34 - Strategies of Entrepreneurship in Arts and Cultural Institutions in the Globalization Era
        Esmaeil Kavousy Seyed Sadegh Avali
          Background: Globalization is one of the key concepts which, in recent decades, has received much attention among scholars and policy makers, to the extent that this concept can be called one of the most popular and most used concepts in the humanities. With the r More
          Background: Globalization is one of the key concepts which, in recent decades, has received much attention among scholars and policy makers, to the extent that this concept can be called one of the most popular and most used concepts in the humanities. With the rapid and increasing growth of technical know-how, technology and consumer markets, there would be no room for using the past and established experiences and solutions. Past experiences and solutions are no longer useful for current and future problems of organizations. Objective: This research reviewed the strategies of entrepreneurship in arts and cultural institutions in the era of globalization. Method: It is functional in terms of purpose, and in terms of data collection (research plan) it is heuristic mixed. In the qualitative step, the case study approach was applied for data collection, and in the quantitative step, the data collection was done by survey description method. The population consisted of academic experts and experts in the field of art and culture, executives, experts in cultural and arts institutions and cultural entrepreneurs. In the qualitative step, using purposive sampling, samples were taken to saturation level. After interviewing some 14 experts, data was reached to saturation. In quantitative step, judgmental purposive sampling was used, which is considered as non-probability sampling methods. Statistical population size of executives, professionals and entrepreneurs in the arts and culture sector was about 400 people which after having been put in the Cochran formula, some 250 samples were obtained. Some 275 questionnaires and counting a ten-percent greater than selected sample size were distributed. Findings / Result: The information obtained from interviews and questionnaires helped to develop basic values, cultural business missions as well as finding inner and outer factors. Conclusion: Using the SWOT and QSMP matrix, strategies to entrepreneurship in arts and culture institutions in the era of globalization were designed.   Manuscript profile
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        35 - Test of the effect of speculative price bubble and cost of capital on the relative net profit of the group of banks and credit institutions listed on the Tehran Stock Exchan
        Mahdi Rajabi Akbar Bagheri
        Manuscript profile
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        36 - The effectiveness of modern medical practices and institutions and its role in the development of modern medicine in Qajar era
        valiulah qahremani asl Mir Asadolah Salehi Panahi Naser Sedqi Shahrzad Sasanpur
        Several factors were involved in the development of modern medicine in Qajar era. This research method is documents and library. We use set of medical factors in scientific websites and also collected documents and books and using descriptive and analytical method in tr More
        Several factors were involved in the development of modern medicine in Qajar era. This research method is documents and library. We use set of medical factors in scientific websites and also collected documents and books and using descriptive and analytical method in trying to answer this question: What medical factors involved in the development of modern medicine and led to its prevalence in society are the Qajar era? The following hypothesis were made in response: Since the medical issues associated with health and replace modern medicine instead of traditional medicine in most cases, the health and vitality of people seemed guarantee so effective in changing people's view of modern medicine and has been pivotal. In this context, the impact of medical factors such as: Institutions of medical, health and education, not meeting people's expectations of traditional medicine, education of medicine in new ways, the application of modern scientific methods by foreign doctors in treating patients and legalization of medicine in development of modern medicine were studied. The following results were obtained in addition to the above legalization of medical affairs was effective in sustainability and continued use of the latest achievements of modern medicine. Manuscript profile
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        37 - Islamic culture and educational institutions in Seljuk era
        gholamreza montzve
        Toghrol Beik established a huge Empire with his succor and ambition in 429-455 AH. Then, his descendants; i.e. Alp Arsalan (495-566 AH) and Malekshah Saljuki (485-495 AH) have prevailed the peace and security on their social and political dominion, with the help of thei More
        Toghrol Beik established a huge Empire with his succor and ambition in 429-455 AH. Then, his descendants; i.e. Alp Arsalan (495-566 AH) and Malekshah Saljuki (485-495 AH) have prevailed the peace and security on their social and political dominion, with the help of their tactful and famouse minister's experiences – Khaaje Nezamolmolk Tousi- and then have reached the power and greatness of the Empire to the highest point. The learning spirits of rulers and their interest to build the welfare institutions, mosques, carvanserais, libraries, academic homes, hospitals, school houses; good management and competency of Iranian cultured ministers – particularly Khaaje Nezamol molk Toosi (485 AH)- provided a new chapter in the history of Islamic culture, especially the formation of scientific centers and schools that distinguish this age from previous periods so this age called: '' The Establishment Of School Movement ''. The movement that began in Baghdad with establishing the first Nezamieh school(459AH) and it wasn't long before its results and effects involved the social and political realm of the Abbasian Caliphate and Islamic east; during the cultural exchange, it turned to the model and example for scientific centers and ancient universities of Europe. Besides school ,other educational institutions such as: mosques, libraries, scholars' homes, hospitals, school houses have played an effective role in Islamic culture; developing and expanding of science and technology and training the scholars and scientists that this article attempt to introduce these institutions and cultural outstanding personage in this age as a brief. Manuscript profile
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        38 - Children and Adolescence Education in the Safavid’s Era
        naser homaun
        Children education has existed first at home in the form of modeling and inculcation since ancient times. Since education has cultural value, it prepares children to live in society. For sure the social and economic circumstances play a role in the quality and the reali More
        Children education has existed first at home in the form of modeling and inculcation since ancient times. Since education has cultural value, it prepares children to live in society. For sure the social and economic circumstances play a role in the quality and the realization of education. In the course of historical changes the educational tasks turned into institutional ones, and are assigned to education institution. In post-Islam Iran, the institution ,which had its roots in the culture of ancient Iran and religious teachings, undergone rapid changes and appeared as a remarkable feature throughout the country. After Mongols’ attacks and Teimoor’s military moves, tribal governments spread throughout the country and in some parts governmental institution was established independently. However, Iranian culture and associated institutions like education more or less maintained its unity and homogeneity. After the collapse of tribal governments , the termination of Ghara Ghoylo Torkman government, and weakening of local governments, the Safavids took power. Gradually, Iran regained its social and political solidarity, and enjoyed “national” independence. However, the unity created was through force. It employed cultural institutions based on a special Ghezelbash Shiite. Culture(art, thought, and education) lost its dynamism, and developments were noticeable in some aspects of cultural-materialistic(architecture and decorative arts).   Manuscript profile
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        39 - Environment protection in the international leggal system
        Leila Hemmatzadeh
        Since environmental changes and degration involve the entire international community and its not only limited to a specific region, environmental protection requires the cooperation and solidarity of all governments and nations at the international level in order to pro More
        Since environmental changes and degration involve the entire international community and its not only limited to a specific region, environmental protection requires the cooperation and solidarity of all governments and nations at the international level in order to protect our environment and only inhabited planet and to prevent them from destruction.Considering the importance and special role of legal protection and supervision, especially at the international level, in the field of protecting the environment and preventing its destruction and pollution, in this paper, with a brief mention of the history of the legal activities of the international community in the field of environmental protection, the international laws and institution for the protection and supervision of the environment and preventing its pollution and destruction will be studied. Then, to improve their performance, some suggestions will be made by mentioning and analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of these laws and institutions, if necessary. Manuscript profile
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        40 - Designing a branding model for auditing firms
        Saeed Pirvasi Rezvan Hejazi Heydar Mohammadzadeh Salteh
        In the world of economics, trademark privilege is an intangible and valuable asset that gives credit to business units. In order to increase the value of this asset, the factors affecting it must be identified. At present, the causal, intervening and contextual conditio More
        In the world of economics, trademark privilege is an intangible and valuable asset that gives credit to business units. In order to increase the value of this asset, the factors affecting it must be identified. At present, the causal, intervening and contextual conditions, strategies and consequences of branding in auditing firms have not been studied. Therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to design the branding model of auditing firms using grounded theory. This research is of qualitative and exploratory type. This research has been carried out by interviewing experts in the field of theoretical foundations of branding of auditing firms and by conducting 18 interviews in 1399 by snowball sampling method, has been saturated. The results showed that the most important causal conditions that lead to branding of audit firms are: characteristics and political communication, brand image of the audit firm, perceptual characteristics, level of risk assessment, opportunistic behavior, common value, audit quality and attractiveness and Communication and corporate governance characteristics, structural characteristics of the company, behavioral characteristics of managers and accounting complexity are also considered as intervention factors for branding of audit firms. In addition to these conditions, according to the interviewees, they also stated conditions as a basis for branding audit firms; These conditions are the laws and standards and the general culture of the country. Findings of this study showed that for branding audit firms, strategies such as rules and standards, Manuscript profile
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        41 - Investigating the role of neighborhood-based police on crime rates in Golestan province with emphasis on the role of law enforcement companies
        َAbdolreza Bayari Abolghasem Heidarabadi Ali Rahmani
        10.30495/jss.2020.1911987.1242
        The main purpose of this article is to identify the reduction in the incidence of crime through the deployment of neighborhood-based police in neighborhoods, passages, organizations and companies. By recognizing this goal, the success rate of these companies can be asse More
        The main purpose of this article is to identify the reduction in the incidence of crime through the deployment of neighborhood-based police in neighborhoods, passages, organizations and companies. By recognizing this goal, the success rate of these companies can be assessed. For this purpose, Parsons functional functional theories, social disorganization theory and social control were used as a theoretical framework. The research method is survey. The sampling method is multi-stage cluster and the sample size according to Cochran's formula is 358 people. Data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis using SPSS software. The questionnaire has a formal validity and the alpha value of the variables of satisfaction with law enforcement companies (0.858) and the amount of crimes (0.712) is very high and has good reliability. The test results show that the average of crimes before and after the implementation of the neighborhood police plan is 3.99 and 2.34. There is a negative and inverse relationship between the duration of the establishment of the neighborhood police and the level of satisfaction with the neighborhood police with the crime rate. The higher the level of satisfaction is with the neighborhood-based police, the lower the crime rate. Conversely, the lower the satisfaction of the neighborhood police, the higher the crime rate. About 34.6% of the changes in crime rates are explained by the variables of neighborhood police deployment duration and satisfaction rate and the highest impact has the neighborhood police satisfaction. The result is that by increasing the quantity and quality of neighborhood-based police, it is possible to reduce the incidence of crime in urban areas.   The test results show that the average of crimes before and after the implementation of the neighborhood police plan is 3.99 and 2.34. There is a negative and inverse relationship between the duration of the establishment of the neighborhood police and the level of satisfaction with the neighborhood police with the crime rate. The higher the level of satisfaction is with the neighborhood-based police, the lower the crime rate. Conversely, the lower the satisfaction of the neighborhood police, the higher the crime rate. About 34.6% of the changes in crime rates are explained by the variables of neighborhood police deployment duration and satisfaction rate and the highest impact has the neighborhood police satisfaction. Manuscript profile
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        42 - Political and economic institutions and their impact on economic development with emphasizing on historical institutionalims
        Farhad Azizi Mohammad bagher Beheshti Mohammad Salmadizadeh
        10.30495/jss.2023.1973879.1517
        Countries face with different historical critical junctures through their historical countries.. One of the most important critical junctures in the contemporary history of Iran is the removal of Reza Shah from power and substituting of Mohammad Reza Shah.by foreign for More
        Countries face with different historical critical junctures through their historical countries.. One of the most important critical junctures in the contemporary history of Iran is the removal of Reza Shah from power and substituting of Mohammad Reza Shah.by foreign forces. After the overthrowing of Reza Shah, however, power was distributed among various factors, the interventions of foreign forces and political chaos marginalized the path of economic development. The main objective of this historical-economic research, refers to the role of governments and superiors as well as the underdeveloped of Iran. The result shows while the existence of a powerful parliament eventually led to the nationalization of the oil industry, due to political and social chaos, economic development did not occur. In addition, during 1940s by the decrease of the power of the parliament against the prime minister’s authority, an exclusive institutional change took place and took into account as a legacy for the shah rule. Through this institutional change, the shah was able to protect the prime minister’s legacy well and by increasing monopolized economic resources kept the power for himself and his relatives. Manuscript profile
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        43 - Investigating the Components of Social Capital of the Residents of Tehran
        Seyed Mehdi Morshedi Estahbanati Seyfollah Seyfollahi Mansour Vosoughi
        10.30495/jss.2019.666674
        This article has been developed to examine the components of socialcapital. In this context, the concept of social capital and the viewsexpressed on it are described. In this research, 604 citizens of Tehranwere selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in 2017, and usin More
        This article has been developed to examine the components of socialcapital. In this context, the concept of social capital and the viewsexpressed on it are described. In this research, 604 citizens of Tehranwere selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in 2017, and using a surveymethod and a questionnaire were examined. After collecting the data andanalyzing them using SPSS software, findings from descriptive statisticsand single sample t-test showed that, the status of social capitalcomponents which include social cohesion, willingness to participate inpolitical and religious activities, and trust in institutions is far from thedesired situation. The mutual correlation relationships of the twocomponents are statistically significant. In sum, it can be said that thesocial capital of the respondents has been eroded against the political andsocial system of Iran. Manuscript profile
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        44 - the rule of law and the multiplicity of specific legislative institutions in irans legal system
        farivar khalili shojaie haneh farkish javanmir abdollahi Ebad Rouhi
        The victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and, consequently, the adoption of a new constitution adopted from Shi'i jurisprudence and, of course, the modeling of the basic laws of some Western countries, provided the basis for innovations in the legal system of Iran, More
        The victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and, consequently, the adoption of a new constitution adopted from Shi'i jurisprudence and, of course, the modeling of the basic laws of some Western countries, provided the basis for innovations in the legal system of Iran, including the establishment of special institutions He pointed out that he had over many important powers, including legislating and adopting binding decisions, using jurisprudential rules including expediency, secondary and governmental rulings, justice and fairness. On the other hand, critics of the existence of these institutions, based on some reasons, including parallel work in the legislative process, inadequate religious and legal monitoring of their activities, lack of utilization of popular capacities in the selection of members and their activities, and ... the establishment and expansion of activities Such institutions are in contradiction with the concept of rule of law, which was one of the primary objectives of the establishment of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present paper assumes that the activities of special legislative bodies, despite having some undeniable benefits and benefits, have led to some weaknesses, such as a lack of relevant laws and regulations, a lack of legal oversight and a mild basis on its application, and of all More importantly, the lack of transparency in relation to competences and legal powers actually has serious challenges with regard to the concept of the rule of law. Key words: rule of law, constitution, special legislator, velayat-e faqih Manuscript profile
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        45 - Developing trans-institutional networks, the procedure for the use of untapped small and medium instilution (SMEs) capacity: Presenting the grounded data theory
        Mohsen Nazari Tahmores Hasangholi pour Gholam reza Soleymani Seyed Mojtaba i Mousavi Neghab
        Presently, the production capacity of many small and mediuminstitution are untapped. This leads to the reduction of productivity andcompetitive power both at national and institutional level. Thus, theobjective of this study was to codify a model to make use of theseunt More
        Presently, the production capacity of many small and mediuminstitution are untapped. This leads to the reduction of productivity andcompetitive power both at national and institutional level. Thus, theobjective of this study was to codify a model to make use of theseuntapped capacities. To do so, the research method of grounded theorywas used. To gather the data, the managers of the institutions and expertswere interviewed. The related documentaries through the three phasic ofcoding i.e. open, axial and selective were analyzed. The result showedthat both national and institutional level factors effected the untappedproduction capacity. Using untapped capacities requires the formationand development of trans-institutional networks, so as the possibility oftransferring untapped capacities to other institutions be provided.Therefore, the national level strategies and support for trans-institutionnetworks and the strategies of industry level should be simultaneouslyimplemented. But the environmental factors such as law and order,economical, cultural, political factors affect the success of usinguntapped capacities. The outcomes of using untapped capacities wouldbe obvious on both macro and micro level, such as creating jobs,avoiding unemployment, and increasing national productivity for macroand on micro-level, cost and benefit for employers and contractors couldbe mentioned Manuscript profile
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        46 - Analyzing Multiple Relationships of Effective Leadership, Strategic Planning by with Human Resource Efficiency of Higher Education Institutions in West Azerbaijan Province
        naser sedgy boukany Mir Mohammad Abbaszadeh hasen ghalavand Mohammad Hassani
        This study aimed to test the conceptual model for predicting  the for human resource productivity of higher education based on the variables of effective leadership and strategic planning. The research community samples were universities of western Azerbaijan facul More
        This study aimed to test the conceptual model for predicting  the for human resource productivity of higher education based on the variables of effective leadership and strategic planning. The research community samples were universities of western Azerbaijan faculty members consisted of 310 people randomly stratified (112 from state universities, 114 from Islamic Azad Medical, 84 from medical sciences univrsities). The research method was descriptive and multivariate with three effective leadership tools Saatchi and colleagues, strategic planning based on University of New Jersey model  and Shah & Schaniz models (2008), and Human Resources Productivity Questionnaire based on the Acheive Model by Hers And Goldsmith  that the content validity (construction) and content reliability (Cronbach's alpha) were reported suitable. Analysis was done using AMOS software and structural equation model. Results have shown meaningful positive relationship between effective leadership and strategic planning with the scientific Human Resources Productivity.Additionally, effective leadership has the most direct positive impact on strategic planning and improving the Human Resources Productivity of scientific research and strategic planning is less effective on improving the Productivity. Manuscript profile
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        47 - بررسی میزان گرایش دانشجویان نسبت به فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی دانشگاه ( مطالعه موردی: دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد)
        حسین احمری حسن احمدی
        هدف این مقاله بررسی میزان گرایش دانشجویان نسبت به فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی دانشگاه و ارائه راهکارهایی در جهت بهبود آن می‌باشد. این مقاله حاصل یک کار پژوهشی می‌باشد که به صورت پیمایشی و با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای در بین 350 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مش More
        هدف این مقاله بررسی میزان گرایش دانشجویان نسبت به فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی دانشگاه و ارائه راهکارهایی در جهت بهبود آن می‌باشد. این مقاله حاصل یک کار پژوهشی می‌باشد که به صورت پیمایشی و با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی طبقه‌ای در بین 350 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد در نیمسال اول سال تحصیلی1392-1391 با پرسشنامه‌ای خود اجرا انجام شده است. برای روایی پرسشنامه از روایی صوری و برای پایایی از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است که ضریب آلفای کرونباخ سؤالات تحقیق(820/0) می‌باشد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و برای مقایسه میانگین‌ها از آزمون‌های ANOVAو T-Test، استفاده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که میانگین نمره میزان شناخت دانشجویان نسبت به فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی دانشگاه، در بازه (بالاترین 4 و پایین‌ترین 1) حدود 2.3 نمره میزان علاقه آنها 2.7 و میزان شرکت آنها 2.3 می‌باشد. نتایج تحلیلی تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که بین میزان شناخت دانشجویان از فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی دانشگاه و میزان علاقه و میزان شرکت آنها در فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی رابطه معنی‌داری وجود دارد. همچنین رابطه همبستگی و معناداری بین میزان علاقه دانشجویان و میزان شرکت آنها در فعالیت‌ها و نهادهای فرهنگی وجود دارد. Manuscript profile
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        48 - Measuring the impact of employment and vocational training services on the performance of families of young prisoners in Tehran province
        Enayat Eslami Andargoli Ali Asghar Abbasi Asfajir Manouchehr Pahlavan
        10.22034/ssyj.2023.1979094.1270
        Manuscript profile
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        49 - A Sociological Analyses of the Effect of Family on Drug Addiction in Noushahr and Chalous
        Gh.A Tavassoli
        Manuscript profile
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        50 - A Sociological Study of the Impact of Social Factors on Electoral Behavior (Comparison of Youth and Adult Age Study Group in Mazandaran Province)
        Seyyed Yasser Ghorbanpour Ganji Seyyed Yaghoub Mousavi
        10.22034/ssyj.2019.668106
        Manuscript profile
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        51 - The effect of heterogeneous social structure on the inefficiency and instability of parties in the second Pahlavi period
        Aliakbar Mohammadialamuti sina foroozeh Gholam hossein zargarinezhad
        Although different researchers have investigated various factors in the instability of parties and their inefficiency in the second Pahlavi period, but it can be said that the expansion of Iran and the heterogeneous social structure of Iranian society is one of the reas More
        Although different researchers have investigated various factors in the instability of parties and their inefficiency in the second Pahlavi period, but it can be said that the expansion of Iran and the heterogeneous social structure of Iranian society is one of the reasons for its social divisions during the course of history, especially in After Reza Shah's coming to power, it has become more widespread and the social consensus necessary for political development and above all the formation of political parties has been reduced. National unity is of particular importance in societies that are made up of several ethnicities, groups and subcultures and is an important factor in political and social stability and cohesion without external control. "The consequences of the existence of heterogeneous social platforms, such as the widening of the ethnic-religious gap, the creation and expansion of the gap between traditionalists and modernists, the increase of the class gap between people and ideological conflicts among the political elites involved in the activities of political parties, caused Political parties could not achieve the desired efficiency and stability during the second Pahlavi period. Manuscript profile
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        52 - Iranian Education and Education in the first three centuries
        mohammad sepehri hamid reza amineh
        In the religion of Islam, knowledge and education are important. This point is evident in various verses and narratives. Thus, with the advent of Islam, Iran continued to develop its education, education and education. Instead, according to the tradition of the Prophet, More
        In the religion of Islam, knowledge and education are important. This point is evident in various verses and narratives. Thus, with the advent of Islam, Iran continued to develop its education, education and education. Instead, according to the tradition of the Prophet, a political, social institution , Educational, Ebadi, etc., became the first educational institution in Iran and other regions of the province to teach religious teachings and prophetic hadiths. Along with that, along with the development of science and its circle, other institutions such as patios, shops, hospitals, school houses, bookshops, and more advanced the process of education. This progress was made slowly during the Umayyad times because of the intolerance and ethnicity of the Umayyad, the absence of Iranians in political and cultural matters, and the pursuit of oral tradition in educational methods. But because of the Muslims' need for knowledge of foreign lands And its translation in the same period, then the support of scholars and scholars, and the abandonment of Qomi-Gari Bani Abbas's virtue, and the establishment of the translation movement by them, as well as the presence of the Iranian political regiment in the caliphate system, Islamic Iran witnessed the scientific movement and the establishment of various educational institutions and the emergence of ulama And prominent scholars in various cities. Manuscript profile
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        53 - the Influence of the Effective Shocks on Economic Growth in Iran with the Emphasis on Institutional Variables
        Samin Sobhi Morteza Sameti Sara Ghobadi Majid Sameti
        10.30495/eco.2021.1908749.2415
        Early economists have cited economic freedom as the basis for economic growth, and later economists have emphasized the role of inclusive political and economic institutions in creating and sustaining economic growth. The relationship between these two perspectives goes More
        Early economists have cited economic freedom as the basis for economic growth, and later economists have emphasized the role of inclusive political and economic institutions in creating and sustaining economic growth. The relationship between these two perspectives goes to the concept that the economic freedom shapes by economic institutions. Proper institutional of countries not only contributes to the growth and prosperity of their economies, but can also increase the power of countries in the face of economic shocks. Identifying the institutions’ situation of countries can help to adopt appropriate policies by governments and the private sector. In this study, by generalizing a structural model of Iran's economy as it includes the endogenous institutional function, attempt to measure the effects of effective shocks on the macroeconomic structure of the country with emphasis on institutional variables. The results show that the increase in oil shock has had a positive effect on the country's economic growth and institutions. This study had done for the period 1349-1399 by using GMM and Svar methods. The result of estimating the structural model shows that improvement of the institutional environment has affected most of the important variables of the Iran's economy, so improving the quality of institutions leads to increase in national product and reduces liquidity. Also, damaging institutional factors is related with increase in government size and inflation. Most of the impulses considered in the study had a significant effect on economic growth and institutional status of the country. Manuscript profile
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        54 - The Analysis of Political Institutions’ Effect on the Economic Institutions in Resource-rich Countries
        Reza Bakhshiani Masud Nili S. Mahdi Barakchian
        10.30495/eco.2020.688167
        The weak economic performance of resource-rich countries results in the economic studies’ great concentration on the role of institutions in resource curse literature and employment of theoretical or empirical approaches to determine the cause of this phenomenon. More
        The weak economic performance of resource-rich countries results in the economic studies’ great concentration on the role of institutions in resource curse literature and employment of theoretical or empirical approaches to determine the cause of this phenomenon. In this paper, we argue that the two independent variables of political institutions and natural resources influence the economic institutions which are endogenous variables; by applying a descriptive-analytical approach and making distinction between function of “economic institutions” and “political institutions”. Political institutions form the political power structure to specify the elites’ scope of power in the establishment of favorable economic institutions, which aim at distributing the resources among the affiliated groups. We also use the empirical approach to show that natural resources do not have any significant effect on the quality of economic institutions by controlling the effect of political institutions. In contrast, the better quality of political institutions results in the better quality of economic institutions. Manuscript profile
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        55 - The non-linear effect of liquidity and debt repayment on banks profitability in Iraq
        Kiumars Shahbazi Mohammad Ali Mahdi Abed
        10.30495/eco.2024.1997671.2793
        This paper seeks to explore the nonlinear association between liquidity indicators and debt repayment capacity in relation to asset returns. For this purpose, the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) method was employed to examine the nonlinear impact of liquidity More
        This paper seeks to explore the nonlinear association between liquidity indicators and debt repayment capacity in relation to asset returns. For this purpose, the Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) method was employed to examine the nonlinear impact of liquidity indicators (including the ratios of current assets to total deposits, total loans granted to total deposits, and total loans granted to total assets and debt payment capacity indicators (such as the debt ratio and interest coverage ratio) on asset returns from 2011 to 2020. The findings revealed a nonlinear effect of all calculated indicators on asset returns. The magnitude and manner of the independent variables' influence on asset returns varied at different levels, with noticeable distinctions in the effect before and after the threshold value of 1.0586. In light of these results, bank policymakers can strategically select an optimal liquidity level to enhance bank profitability based on asset returns. Manuscript profile
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        56 - The Impact of Islamic Banking and Non-banking Financial Institutions on Economic Growth in Iran – A Generalized Method of Moments (GMM)
        saeed farahanifard majid feshari yavar khanzadeh
        Abstract The banks and non-banking financial institutions have facilitated trading and commercial activities and increased the markets, and economic growth and prosperity by organizing and directing the payments. In this study, firstly, the researchers have explained t More
        Abstract The banks and non-banking financial institutions have facilitated trading and commercial activities and increased the markets, and economic growth and prosperity by organizing and directing the payments. In this study, firstly, the researchers have explained the channels by which banking and non-banking financial institutions affect economic growth, and secondly, paid attention to the ways of affecting the explanatory variables on economic growth in Iran. At the end, by using the traditional model of King and Levine Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), the effects of non-banking financial institutions supervised by Central Bank of IRI and Commercial and specialized banks are studied during 1999:Q1 - 2013:Q4. The empirical results of this study have indicated that all explanatory variables used have significantly positive effect on economic growth. Also, the experimental results have shown that banking financial institutions have a greater and significant effect on economic growth compared to non-banking financial institutions. Manuscript profile
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        57 - The Effect of State Fragility on Iranian Export to Southeast Asian Countries Using Spatial Econometric Approach
        Shekoofe Nagheli majid maddah esmael Abounoori
        Abstract The major aim of this paper is to estimate the effect of the state fragility index as institutions represent on Iranian export to Southeast Asian countries. For this purpose, the spatial econometric approach and the mixed regressive-spatial autoregressive mode More
        Abstract The major aim of this paper is to estimate the effect of the state fragility index as institutions represent on Iranian export to Southeast Asian countries. For this purpose, the spatial econometric approach and the mixed regressive-spatial autoregressive model was used. Research pattern is a regression model with panel data from Iranian trade with Southeast Asian countries during 2000-2015. The results showed that the effect of the state fragility index variable on Iranian export to Southeast Asian countries is negative and significant. This means that promoting legitimacy and effectiveness in the social, political, and economic and security spheres have positive effect on increasing the export capacities of the country. According to the results, the hypothesis of spatial dependence in the model is confirmed. Manuscript profile
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        58 - Sociological Investigation of Social and Cultural Factors Affecting Social Alienation (Case Study: District 4 of Qazvin city)
        Leila Hajeeaghaee
        10.30495/uf.2023.1981280.1105
        The main premise of the research is that increasing social distance between young people and socializing institutions leads to increasing social alienation. The purpose of the research is to investigate the factors affecting social alienation among the youth of Qazvin r More
        The main premise of the research is that increasing social distance between young people and socializing institutions leads to increasing social alienation. The purpose of the research is to investigate the factors affecting social alienation among the youth of Qazvin region, which was carried out in the form of a survey in 2021. The sample population includes the youth of the 2th region of Qazvin city, who were selected from the total population of 384 people by random sampling method and using the Lane table. The required information was collected using a questionnaire made by the researcher. The data of the questionnaires were also analyzed with the help of SPSS software. In general, the obtained results show that there is a significant relationship between the independent variables of social distance of the individual with socializing institutions, media, socio-economic base, age and gender with the degree of social alienation. Manuscript profile
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        59 - الزمات ایجاد سازمان های نوآورروستایی به منظور بهبود امنیت غذایی از دیدگاه شالیکاران
        مریم زمانی علایی سید جمال فرج اله حسینی سیدمهدی میردامادی فرهاد لشگرآرا
        سازمان های تولیدی نوآور روستایی با فراهم آوردن مجموعه منظمی از خدمات قادر خواهند بود درآمد کشاورزان را افزایش داده و امنیت غذایی را بهبود ببخشند. هدف کلی این تحقیق یافتن مجموعه الزاماتی است که برای ایجاد نهادهای نوآور روستایی در جهت بهبود امنیت غذایی از دیدگاه شالیکاران More
        سازمان های تولیدی نوآور روستایی با فراهم آوردن مجموعه منظمی از خدمات قادر خواهند بود درآمد کشاورزان را افزایش داده و امنیت غذایی را بهبود ببخشند. هدف کلی این تحقیق یافتن مجموعه الزاماتی است که برای ایجاد نهادهای نوآور روستایی در جهت بهبود امنیت غذایی از دیدگاه شالیکاران حائز اهمیت می باشد. از اینرو اهداف اختصاصی عبارتند از: شناسایی الزامات اقتصادی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، زیرساختی، سیاست گذاری، آموزشی، فنی، در ایجاد نهادهای نوآور روستایی به منظور بهبود امنیت غذایی شالیکاران در استان مازندران. جامعه آماری تحقیق متشکل از 113141 نفر از شالیکاران استان مازندران است که 216 نفر از آن ها با روش نمونه گیری تصادفی خوشه ای به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش در قسمت کیفی از روش دلفی برای تجزیه و تحلیل استفاده شده است که طی سه مرحله توزیع پرسشنامه و مصاحبه نیمه عمیق با متخصصان و کارشناسان برنج برای هر یک از الزامات گویه هایی اضافه و حذف گردید و در  نهایت جدول مربوط به گویه هایی که بیشترین امتیاز(70% به بالا) را آوردند استخراج گردید. برای قسمت کمی از روش تجزیه و تحلیل بیزی استفاده شد که در این تحلیل الزامات اقتصادی بیشترین تاثیر را در ایجاد نهادهای نوآور روستایی به منظور بهبود امنیت غذایی شالیکاران داشته اند و بعد از الزامات اقتصادی به ترتیب الزامات اجتماعی-فرهنگی، سیاسی، زیرساختی، آموزشی و فنی بیشترین میزان تاثیر را داشتند. Manuscript profile
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        60 - Organizational Excellence Model by Examining the Effects of Human Resources Competencies in the Marketing of Educational Services
        Saeed Talebi Seyyed Mahmoud Shabgoo Monsef kambiz shahroodi Farzin Farahbod
        UNESCO considers education to be the key to the development of societies. The current growing competitive environment also made educational institutions compete. Due to the importance of educational institutions that play a fundamental role in society's development, it More
        UNESCO considers education to be the key to the development of societies. The current growing competitive environment also made educational institutions compete. Due to the importance of educational institutions that play a fundamental role in society's development, it is necessary to select competent human resources in these institutions. The current research aims to investigate the effect of human resources competencies on the educational marketing approach in the Organizational excellence model and to present the Organizational excellence model based on competence in educational institutions. The current research is operational in terms of purpose and descriptive in correlation type. Its statistical community consists of experts and specialists in the specialized education field in the water and electricity industry of Iran in the technical education institute of the water and electricity industry number of 60 people; from this population, a sample of 50 people was chosen. The collected data, a questionnaire derived from the criteria and sub-criteria of the EFQM 2020 standard model, was used, whose reliability was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha formula. The construct questionnaire validity was also selected by confirmatory factor analysis. Smart-PLS statistical software used the partial least squares method to analyze the obtained data and statistical confirmation of the model and its validation. The path coefficients' results indicate a significant relationship between the variables of human resource competence and organizational excellence. Also, the fit indices of the model suggest that the presented model has suitable fitness. Manuscript profile
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        61 - Public Diplomacy and its Institutions in United States of America
        Mohammad Javad Mousanezhad Abdollah Sohrabi Mehri Akherdin
        Manuscript profile
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        62 - The effect of behavioral error and the power of the CEO on the policy of reducing the fragility of the banking network
        Simin Rajizadeh AmirHossein Taebitafandari Hadis Zeinali
        In the world economic literature today, the role and importance of the monetary system and, consequently, the banking network as a tool for economic development is evident. There are several factors in creating the fragility of the banking network; one of the important More
        In the world economic literature today, the role and importance of the monetary system and, consequently, the banking network as a tool for economic development is evident. There are several factors in creating the fragility of the banking network; one of the important and influential factors is the behavioral error and power indicators of the CEO that lead to irrational and irrational decisions.. The statistical population of this research is 31 banks and credit institutions listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1390 to 1399. To test the research hypotheses, multiple generalized least squares regression has been used in the Aetta software. Findings indicate that according to the hypothesis test, the more the effect of behavioral error and CEO power increases, the more vulnerability and fragility of banks increases. The results show that behavioral error and CEO power cause vulnerability and fragility of banks. Manuscript profile
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        63 - A comparative study of national and international contexts for combating embezzlement in the banking system with emphasis on the capacity of the law to promote administrative health and prevent corruption
        alireza abbasi Alireza Shamshiri soheil soheily
        10.30495/alr.2022.1961739.2403
        Embezzlement as one of the major banking crimes that undermines public confidence in the government. It has been documented in various domestic and international documents and throughout history. However, there are differences between domestic and international contexts More
        Embezzlement as one of the major banking crimes that undermines public confidence in the government. It has been documented in various domestic and international documents and throughout history. However, there are differences between domestic and international contexts of the fight against embezzlement, including the non-criminalization of embezzlement in private institutions and banks, as well as the lack of precedent. The mechanism of international judicial assistance in the field of embezzlement, lack of precise explanation of whistleblowing rules in the fight against embezzlement in Iran's domestic law versus regionality to the international nature of anti-embezzlement law and the lack of guarantees of effective implementation at the international level It is noteworthy for fighting embezzlement.Establishing a healthy administrative system and establishing social justice and preserving public interests and property are the most important actions of governments to preserve the moral values ​​of society, one of their solutions is to prevent waste and looting through embezzlement in the key economic system of governments or in other words At the level of banks. Manuscript profile
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        64 - Civil liability of classification institutions in Iranian law Looking at international court cases
        zahra eliasy Masoud shirani dawood nassiran
        10.30495/alr.2022.1949333.2256
        Field and Aims: Classification institutions play an important role in relation to the insurable nature of a ship. This issue is referred to as the private duty of rating agencies. Legal systems have a different approach to the issue of civil liability in the above issue More
        Field and Aims: Classification institutions play an important role in relation to the insurable nature of a ship. This issue is referred to as the private duty of rating agencies. Legal systems have a different approach to the issue of civil liability in the above issue. On this basis, in this research, we will examine the issue of what is the position of the civil responsibility of classification institutions in Iranian law and international conventions?Method: This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner.Finding and Conclusion: Those who believe that there is no civil responsibility for the classification institutions believe that the institutions only have the duty to provide advice and suggestions and have no guarantee for their performance, and the duty of the institutions is only to provide standards according to legal and international standards, and their compliance is also It is the owner's responsibility. But on the opposite point, the legal systems that gave absolute civil responsibility to institutions considered the duty of said institutions to be more than giving advice, and according to the contractual relationship that exists for institutions, they are like standardization organizations that have the duty of instilling rules and regulations between They know the international rules of work safety at sea and environmental protection. Manuscript profile
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        65 - Examining the concept of global administrative law
        محمد وارسته
        10.30495/alr.2023.1963717.2423
        Discussions related to global administrative law have created new perspectives in law and have unexpectedly increased researches related to administrative law. Global administrative law is generally concerned with the emergence and evolution of the global administrative More
        Discussions related to global administrative law have created new perspectives in law and have unexpectedly increased researches related to administrative law. Global administrative law is generally concerned with the emergence and evolution of the global administrative space and the enormous power of governments, international organizations and other functions that are emerging, and therefore to researches related to the legal principles of organizational composition and arrangement. It helps in global governance. Basically, universal administrative law seeks to set overarching universal standards. These standards are formed based on the principles of transparency, accountability and participation, and along with other legal components such as the rule of law and human rights, they limit the global power of international institutions and also create a model for domestic laws. Global administrative law is actually a result of the developments of the international community and the emergence of transnational administrative institutions, and with the same classical goal of administrative law, which is to restrain, control and monitor the performance of transnational administrative organizations and authorities. In addition to this classic concern, the issue of empowerment, efficiency and effectiveness of the administration, which is raised in the field of modern administrative law, with concepts such as the rule of law, transparency, good administration, etc., is also the subject of attention and investigation of global administrative law. In this article, while examining the concept and features of global administrative law, the causes of its emergence will be studied and investigated. Manuscript profile
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        66 - Designing a process model of social-ethical responsibilities in audit institutions (qualitative approach: foundational data theory)
        Mahmoud Malekipour Gharbi Hasan Ghodrati Hossein Jabari Hossein Panahian Ali Akbar Farzin Far
        10.30495/fed.2023.707990
        Abstract The present research has been done with the aim of providing a process model of social-ethical responsibilities in auditing institutions. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of survey-exploratory approach and qualitative research. The st More
        Abstract The present research has been done with the aim of providing a process model of social-ethical responsibilities in auditing institutions. This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of survey-exploratory approach and qualitative research. The statistical population of this research was a group of experts including professors and researchers who are experts in the field of auditing, managers and partners of auditing institutions, and compilers of accounting and auditing standards and principles, who were interviewed in depth. Selection of experts and conducting interviews with them continued until theoretical saturation was reached and then it was stopped. In this research, the snowball sampling method was used and this process continued until the theoretical saturation of the researcher was reached. Finally, this method was an interview with 11 experts. In this research, since the foundational data theory method was used, the main tool for data collection was an in-depth and unstructured interview with experts. Finally, after three open, central and selective codings, the research conceptual model was designed. In this model, 14 identified categories were categorized in the form of causal, central, contextual and environmental, intervening, strategic and consequential variables. Manuscript profile
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        67 - Presenting the Model of Tax Morale with Grounded Theory Approach
        Hamed Rabi Beigi Rahmatollah Mohammadipour Iraj Noravesh reza salehi
        10.30495/fed.2023.702191
        Abstract Taxes are a fundamental aspect of modern life. The funds that governments get from taxes are used to provide essential services and public goods. Therefore, people's willingness to pay taxes plays an important role in the economic and social well-being of any More
        Abstract Taxes are a fundamental aspect of modern life. The funds that governments get from taxes are used to provide essential services and public goods. Therefore, people's willingness to pay taxes plays an important role in the economic and social well-being of any country. The approach of this research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, which presents its model in the qualitative part based on grounded theory, and structural equation modeling (SEM) is used in the quantitative part. The statistical population of this research was conducted in the qualitative section, including 12 experts and elites of the country's tax affairs organization and university elites with high experience, who were selected by the snowball method, and interviews were used to collect the required data. In the quantitative part, the statistical population was selected based on the recommendations of using confirmatory models of 270 managers and financial experts. After the implementation, the textual data were analyzed using three successive stages of open, central and selective coding, and finally the research paradigm model was developed. The results show that the pattern of tax sentiment is based on the central category of virtual space, democracy and advertising, which is formed under the influence of causal conditions. This process begins with causal conditions and leads to the formation of a central category that helps to strengthen tax morale by using strategies, and its consequence is the improvement of economic indicators, the improvement of social indicators and the fight against money laundering. The lack of tax justice, flexibility and complexity of tax laws are also among the conditions interfering with the model of tax morale, and creating a culture and establishing tax justice are among the strategies to strengthen tax morale. Manuscript profile
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        68 - The Feasibility of the Theory of Integration in the Analysis of European Crisis
        Ebrahim Aghamohammadi
        Abstract Since the Europe Union, various theories have tried to why, how, and to examine the results of the integration process. Neo functionalists on the spread, inter governmentalizes on talks between the governments and the role of consensus, constructivists on iden More
        Abstract Since the Europe Union, various theories have tried to why, how, and to examine the results of the integration process. Neo functionalists on the spread, inter governmentalizes on talks between the governments and the role of consensus, constructivists on identity issues and intersubjective interaction, institutionalizes on the formation of supranational institutions and the new realists emphasize the balance of power in the international system. After the events of the crisis in Europe are again important to analyze this process thinkers have focused on this area. The question that arises here is whether any of these views can the current situation (crisis) to analyze Europe Union? In other words, which of them can be a good theoretical basis for the analysis of the Europe Union is a crisis situation? In response to this question can be said that more theories can analyze the conditions of the growing Integration. But among them the theories of Inter governmentalize can better analyze the current situation. Manuscript profile
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        69 - Rethinking Security Institutions from the Perspective of International Relations Theories
        Tahereh Ebrahimifar
        International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the r More
        International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the rationalist perspective to the Reflectivity one, IR theorization after the Cold War developed the study of the security institutions. In the context of the Post-cold War era, one can consider the security institutions from the Rationalist/ reflectivity perspectives based on a theoretical synthesis including Neoliberal Institutionalism, Defensive Realism, English School, Constructivism and Copenhagen School. In this article, authors attempt to apply the five concepts of interests, threat perceptions, society, identity and urgency from the aforementioned theories respectively on the amount of explication entity of security institutions after the Cold War. Manuscript profile
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        70 - Rethinking Security Institutions from the Perspective of International Relations Theories
        Faeze Moradi Haghighi Ahmad Movaseghi Gilani
        Abstract: International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting More
        Abstract: International Relations (IR) obtained a rigid image of security institutions in the Cold War era. This image, of course, stemmed from the security and ideological equations in the divided world between two main blocks so-called the West and the East. Shifting from the rationalist perspective to the Reflectivity one, IR theorization after the Cold War developed the study of the security institutions. In the context of the Post-cold War era, one can consider the security institutions from the Rationalist/ reflectivity perspectives based on a theoretical synthesis including Neoliberal Institutionalism, Defensive Realism, English School, Constructivism and Copenhagen School. In this article, authors attempt to apply the five concepts of interests, threat perceptions, society, identity and urgency from the aforementioned theories respectively on the amount of explication entity of security institutions after the Cold War. Manuscript profile
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        71 - Indian Diplomacy toward the World Trade Organization
        Seyyed Jalal Dehghani Firouzabadi Mohammadhossein Monadizadeh
        Abstract: India has been referred to as one of the emerging economies since early twenty-first century. Rapid growth of GDP and imports/exports along with attraction of substantial foreign direct investment are indicators of the enhancement of India’s position in More
        Abstract: India has been referred to as one of the emerging economies since early twenty-first century. Rapid growth of GDP and imports/exports along with attraction of substantial foreign direct investment are indicators of the enhancement of India’s position in global economy. In such circumstances, India is also gaining influence in multilateral trade negotiations within WTO framework. Given the important role that multilateral economic institutions play in shaping the contemporary political and economic interactions and due to India’s more rigorous stance in the Doha Round, this article uses descriptive-analytic method and library resources to interpret this policy shift. It also emphasizes on economic reforms, domestic-international interaction, and WTO structure as effective components in this policy shift and simultaneously examines Indian diplomacy and negotiation strategy. This article tries to answer this question: what is India's orientation in WTO? It hypothesizes that India agrees with the WTO's principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures. The article concludes that Indian position toward WTO talks is no longer concentrated on introducing intrinsic changes in order to stand against this organization; rather, it is taking advantage of its new alliances and negotiation methods as a means of economic diplomacy to shape India’s and other emerging countries’ economic demand. Manuscript profile
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        72 - Investigating the effect of the social field on the voters' attitude towards the policies of the electoral institutions in Rasht
        Morteza Shabani Reza simbar Mohamad Reza Akhzariyan Kashani,
        The purpose of this research is to increase funds in the social field for institutions that play a major role in the policy making process in society. In order to limit the issue, the Islamic Council was chosen as the most important legislative body in the society. Fish More
        The purpose of this research is to increase funds in the social field for institutions that play a major role in the policy making process in society. In order to limit the issue, the Islamic Council was chosen as the most important legislative body in the society. Fishbein's and Eisen's theories have been used to investigate the attitude towards the politics of electoral institutions and Bourdieu's theory has been used as a theoretical framework to investigate the social field. The main method of this research is a survey and the data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this research consists of all the people who are eligible to vote, of which 400 people were selected as the sample size. The sampling method is also a multi-stage cluster. One of the important findings of this research is the direct and positive effect of the attitude towards the social field on the attitude towards the policies of the electoral body of the Islamic Council. Also, the four dimensions of the social field including (economic capital, social capital, cultural capital and symbolic capital) also had a positive and direct effect on the voters' attitude towards the policies of the Islamic Council. Other results include the lack of relationship between education and voters' attitudes and the negative relationship between age and voters' attitudes towards the policies of electoral institutions. Also, the difference between women and men is different in terms of attitude towards policy making and women's attitude is more positive than men's. Manuscript profile
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        73 - Personality Traits Affecting Knowledge Sharing in Audit Firms with Structural Equation Approach
        شکراله خواجوی احسان کرمانی
        Today, the relationship between knowledge sharing activities and human characteristics has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of knowledge management. The personality of individuals is considered as the most important individual factor of human bei More
        Today, the relationship between knowledge sharing activities and human characteristics has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of knowledge management. The personality of individuals is considered as the most important individual factor of human beings. The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality traits that influence knowledge sharing in audit firms. Introduction of personality traits has been done with the components of five major personality factors (neuroticism, extroversion, openness to experience, agreeableness  and conscientiousness).Questionnaires were used to collect data from 126 certified accountants working in audit firms and the hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation test. The results showed that extroversion, Agreeableness  and Conscientiousness had a positive and significant effect on staff knowledge sharing process in audit firms, but there was no significant relationship between openness to experience and staff knowledge sharing process. Given the importance of personality traits in the formation of knowledge sharing, it is recommended that the audit firms in the process of recruiting and hiring auditors and assigning them to workgroups pay particular attention to attracting individuals with appropriate personality traits for knowledge sharing.   Manuscript profile
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        74 - Detection of Factors Affecting the Ranking of Auditing Firms
        Farrokh Boostani Roya Darabi
        10.30495/faar.2023.699787
        Abstract This article examines the factors influencing the ranking of auditing firms from the perspective of auditing experts. One of the most important ways to improve the quality of auditing in the country is more transparency by auditors and regulators and their coo More
        Abstract This article examines the factors influencing the ranking of auditing firms from the perspective of auditing experts. One of the most important ways to improve the quality of auditing in the country is more transparency by auditors and regulators and their cooperation with academics in the common goal of better understanding the various drivers of audit quality. Many researchers and experts consider auditing a communication process that Performed on its audience, the role of auditing is as a mechanism to certify management accountability and oversight. The Exchange and Securities Organization has classified the stock exchange trusted audit firms into four categories. The ranking of trusted auditing firms of the stock exchange indicates that the quality of trusted auditing firms of the "first" category is higher than that of trusted auditing firms of other classes. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the ranking of auditing firms. In order to achieve this goal, the factors affecting the ranking of auditing firms from various aspects, including: individual characteristics of auditors and organizational structure factors of auditing firms and influential cultural and social factors, economic factors and other related factors have been examined. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire was used and the opinion of experts was used. In this research, fuzzy Delphi method has been used to extract the main and key criteria related to the ranking of auditing firms. The agreement percentage of all the included variables is more than 70%. Manuscript profile
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        75 - Sociological explanation of the role of civic institutions on the cultural and social capital of citizens In theTehran city
        hossein bashiri guivi Mehrdad Navabakhsh Soroush Fathi
        10.30495/jscc.2022.1951406.1971
        This article was done by explaining sociology as the role of civic institutions on social capital in Tehran in 2016 using a survey method and a questionnaire. Due to the breadth and complexity of urban issues, as well as gaining different experiences in the field of urb More
        This article was done by explaining sociology as the role of civic institutions on social capital in Tehran in 2016 using a survey method and a questionnaire. Due to the breadth and complexity of urban issues, as well as gaining different experiences in the field of urban projects and programs, partnerships in order to achieve better goals of local communities, is a requirement of city management. On the other hand, it has been shown that action in its true sense requires the institutionalization and sustainability of participation. This is symmetrical with the formation of organizations and institutions of society. In other words, the expansion and deepening of popular participation requires the organization, institutionalization, and creation of appropriate structural conditions. Hypotheses of social capital, cultural and social participation, institutional validity with civil institutions A significant relationship in the regression test of the coefficient of determination of tariffs of more than 40% has been paid to social forecasts by changing civil institutions. Manuscript profile
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        76 - Innovations of the bill to prevent women's injuries and improve their security against abuse
        Mahsa Ibrahimi MOhammafjavad Abdellahi
        The initial text of the bill for preventing women's injuries and improving their safety against abuse was prepared in 1392 in the vice-minister of women and family affairs of the 10th government and sent to the government for approval. Finally, after examining this More
        The initial text of the bill for preventing women's injuries and improving their safety against abuse was prepared in 1392 in the vice-minister of women and family affairs of the 10th government and sent to the government for approval. Finally, after examining this bill among different governments and parliaments, the final bill was finally approved by the government board in December 2019. And finally, on May 29, 1400, the receipt was announced and it was referred to the legal and judicial commission of the parliament with a condition of urgency. In April 1402, the details of the plan were approved by the Islamic Council and its name was changed to "Prevention of women's injuries and promotion of their safety against abuse". The question that exists is what innovations can be legally discussed. In the present study, the author believes in the descriptive-analytical method following the answer to the above question that: innovations such as the integration of all institutions to support women, the establishment of a women's support fund, the provision of medical expenses and special attention to imprisoned women, the development of counseling centers for maintaining The mental health of abused women, the proper way to deal with women, the criminalization of responsibility due to the transmission of diseases through sexual intercourse, referring to the illegitimate submission and non-violence of men for the first time, as well as the permission for women to leave the country in the case that the man is against it for no reason. The title is innovation and strengths of the bill. Manuscript profile
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        77 - Evaluating the Performance of Financial Institutions using a Data Envelopment Analysis model in a FDH networks (Case Study: Saman Bank)
        Hadise Vahedi-Anvar Narges Norouzi
        Today, measuring efficiency is one of the most important methods of performance evaluation in any organization. The outputs obtained in all inputs represent the efficiency. Due to the comprehensiveness of the banking sector, it can be introduced as one of the main areas More
        Today, measuring efficiency is one of the most important methods of performance evaluation in any organization. The outputs obtained in all inputs represent the efficiency. Due to the comprehensiveness of the banking sector, it can be introduced as one of the main areas of economic development. In this paper, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model in a Free Disposal Hull (FDH) network is presented considering the undesirable output for handling the status of the financial deposits in Saman Bank branches. Since the basic models calculate efficiency by considering the overall output and input and ignoring the internal relationships in the banking process flow system; therefore, by considering this issue, in this paper, we present a DEA model that calculates the efficiency score of the branches with the high accuracy. Then the proposed model is compared to the basic CCR model. Finally, the cross-performance method is used to rank the units of the branches. Manuscript profile
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        78 - Special Financial Institutions in Financing Projects of The Tourism Industry of Iran in The Capital Market
        Masoumeh naderi hasan Ghalibafasl Gholamhaidar Ebrahimbai Salami Mirfeiz Fallah Shams
        The purpose of the research is to examine special financial institutions; In the financing of tourism industry projects in Iran, it is based on the capital market. Based on the philosophical premise, this research is interpretive. Also, its paradigm is pragmatism and it More
        The purpose of the research is to examine special financial institutions; In the financing of tourism industry projects in Iran, it is based on the capital market. Based on the philosophical premise, this research is interpretive. Also, its paradigm is pragmatism and its approach in the field of mixed research. Here, there is a tendency towards the applicability of "what works" and solutions to problems. Therefore, the important dimensions of the research and its questions are emphasized, so no hypotheses are examined and its purpose is to answer the research questions. In this method, the researcher has compared and summarized the qualitative and quantitative results with the triangulation approach by reviewing the documents and asking the experts' opinions through preliminary semi-structured interviews and questionnaires using the Delphi method. The results have shown that real estate investment funds, project joint stock company, risk investment fund, tourism infrastructure investment fund, bond guarantee syndicate by the tourism development fund with banks, playing the role of reinsurer by the fund The development of tourism, the formation of a joint insurance association for the compensation of tourism projects has been agreed upon. Manuscript profile
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        79 - Identification of Effective and Influential Factors on Debt Financing for Financial Institutions and Banks in the form of crowdfunding Using Fuzzy DEMATEL Method
        Ghazal Shahabi shojaei Shadi Shahverdiani Hashem Nikoumaram
        The purpose of this research is to identify the effective factors on the debt financing of the financial institutions and banks in the form of the crowdfunding using Fuzzy DEMATEL to propose a model for obtaining the essential conditions for crowdfunding. Debt financing More
        The purpose of this research is to identify the effective factors on the debt financing of the financial institutions and banks in the form of the crowdfunding using Fuzzy DEMATEL to propose a model for obtaining the essential conditions for crowdfunding. Debt financing is borrowing money from companies and investors through bonds, banks or financial institutions to support related business activities. The research methodology is fuzzy technique, in which multi-criteria decision method (MADM) is used. The opinions of the experts and interviews with ten related experts and the snowball method have been used to reach the theoretical saturation stage in order to identify the factors affecting the development of crowdfunding model and also open, axial and optional coding has been considered. The results depicted identification of the influential factors in crowdfunding including legalism, culture building, funding, collective communication, e-commerce and trust building. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that this issue is difficult regardless of the effective factors of crowdfunding to finance debt in financial institutions and banks in order to grow. Manuscript profile
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        80 - The Impact of Auditor Conservatism and the Uncertainty of Economic Policies on Profit Quality
        بهزاد قربانی فرزانه پورطاهر اقدم فریدون رهنما رودپشتی
        10.30495/jdaa.2022.693138
        Abstract This research examines the effect of auditors conservatism on Earnings Quality despite the uncertainty of economic policies in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. .Conservatism of auditors was calculated and evaluated using the model of Chong et al. (20 More
        Abstract This research examines the effect of auditors conservatism on Earnings Quality despite the uncertainty of economic policies in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. .Conservatism of auditors was calculated and evaluated using the model of Chong et al. (2003). (Auditor Conservatism based on Basu's model (1997) and the use of the ranking of the audit institutions in accordance with the classification guidelines of the audit institutions and entities subject to Article 10 of the Trusteeship Audit Institutions Code of the Stock Exchange). Jones' modified model (1995) used to measure the earnings quality. In this regard, 150 companies from listed companies were selected for systematic elimination during 2013-2019. The research regression model was tested and tested using static effects approach using panel data . The results of the research hypothesis test showed that auditor conservatism has a positive effect and economic policy uncertainty has a negative effect on profit quality. In other words, the conservatism of auditors leads to an increase in the quality of profits and the uncertainty of economic policies leads to a decrease in the quality of corporate profits. Manuscript profile
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        81 - The effect of political institutions on economic growth b through exchange rate misalignment (game theory approach)
        Hajar Mostafaee Morteza Sameti mostafa rajabi
        The most important effect of the political institution on the economic institution is in respecting or not the market system, which can ultimately strengthen or weaken the economic growth. In oil countries, abundant rent of oil income for government shapes the economic More
        The most important effect of the political institution on the economic institution is in respecting or not the market system, which can ultimately strengthen or weaken the economic growth. In oil countries, abundant rent of oil income for government shapes the economic incentives of the political institution in such a way that provides special interests through public resources. While in the free market, the pursuit of private interests will lead to public welfare. Such a different approach in some oil countries provides the context of limiting and continuous interfering in the market mechanism, so it leads to a decrease in economic growth. Due to the importance of determining the real exchange rate in achieving the desired economic growth, in this article attempt to investigate the impact of political institutions on economic growth in an oil country. The game theory method used to substantiate the presented concepts. In this regard, the different motivations of the policy makers (as political institutions) of the oil countries in determining the exchange rate investigated. The reaction of entrepreneurs to this policy in choosing the level of investment considered as an indicator of economic growth. Based on the results, ellits in motivation of maximizing government revenue determine the optimal exchange rate. Assuming economic competition, they tend to misalign exchange rate in order to weaken competitors. Adding the assumption of political competition will lead to higher exchange rate misalignment and further weaken economic growth. Manuscript profile
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        82 - The Interactive Model of Organizational Communication Strategies and Human Resources Strategies with Performance (Case study: Research Units licensed by the Ministry of Science and Research and Technology)
        Fatemeh Alsadat Aarabi aliakbar farhangi seyedreza seyedjavadin
        Strategic alignment is a critical tool for organizing and standardizing the activities and operations of different organizational departments in order to achieve integration. In this research, this strategic alignment between Communication and human resources Strategies More
        Strategic alignment is a critical tool for organizing and standardizing the activities and operations of different organizational departments in order to achieve integration. In this research, this strategic alignment between Communication and human resources Strategies are investigated. The research population comprises the research institutions and mixed method was used as the research methodology. In qualitative section of the research, content analysis was used in order to analyze the data gathered from 95 individuals in sampled institutions. The research findings indicate that the third type strategy (conservative), second type HR strategy (loyal soldier), third type relation , first type recruitment (traditional), third type training and development (practical), second type performance appraisal, third type compensation (performance-based) and third type employee relations  and third type  in relations   and third type out relations had the most frequency in research institutions. The findings of one-way ANOVA and multivariate analysis indicate that internal and external alignments and their interactive influence were influential on the performance of research institutions. Manuscript profile
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        83 - Developing Appraisal Model of Cultural Policy Making for Universities and Higher Education Institutions (A Mixed Method Research)
        Ali Reza Nasiri Firuz khodayar abili mohamad reza keramati javad poorkarimi
        Due to the dynamism of cultural phenomenon, policy makers'' complete familiarity with the criteria and indicators considered in the evaluation of cultural policy making is an innovative strategy to be able to respond to social needs and challenging issues. The evaluatio More
        Due to the dynamism of cultural phenomenon, policy makers'' complete familiarity with the criteria and indicators considered in the evaluation of cultural policy making is an innovative strategy to be able to respond to social needs and challenging issues. The evaluation of cultural policy lacks a local model. The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for evaluating cultural policy making in higher education institutions. This study followed with mixed method research (qualitative – quantitative). In qualitative sector, meta-synthesis of research findings (from 2002 t0 2019) was used. Semi-structured interviews with 19 experts selected through purposive sampling were done for purification, verification and validating of indicators. At final, three criteria including; 1) appropriateness in accompany with (2 factors, 5 criteria, 10 indicators); 2) efficiency (3 factors, 7 criteria, 16 indicators); and effectiveness (3 factors, 7 criteria, 16 indicators) were identified as a model for evaluation of cultural policy making in higher education institutions. In quantitative stage, the descriptive – analytical method was used for testing model. The statistical population was including 3163 faculty members of which with using Morgan table, 341 people in relative sample class method for each of three universities (Tehran, Allameh Tabatabai, and Al-Zahra), and 241, 59, 41 people were chosen respectively. A researcher made questionnaire resulted from qualitative section in Likert spectrum was developed for getting needed information. Validity (face, content, construct validity) was used for investigating quality and accuracy of questionnaire. Cronbach Alpha (0/94) was used for measuring reliability. At final, validity and reliability were confirmed. The results of second - order confirmatory factor analysis showed that the eight factors have a sufficient factor load to predict the cultural policy making evaluation model for higher education institutions. In order to test the model and check the data, 313 questionnaires were analyzed. The results of the second-order factor analysis showed that the eight factors have sufficient factor loading to predict the pattern of cultural policy evaluation of higher education institutions. So, 3 standards, along with 8 factors, 19 criteria and 42 indicators can form localized model for evaluation of cultural policy making and gather useful results for identification, amendment, improvement and promotion. Manuscript profile
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        84 - The anelysis of International Relation´s significances in English School and Realism aspect
        Masoumeh Ghanilou Seyyed Farshid Jafari pabandi سعید وثوقی
        Realism and English School from the main schools in international relation history and maintained their place in international relation study. in attendance to role of theories in understanding of international phenomenones, it is necessary to have a complete and precis More
        Realism and English School from the main schools in international relation history and maintained their place in international relation study. in attendance to role of theories in understanding of international phenomenones, it is necessary to have a complete and precise view about them. So in this article first we have some explain about Realism and English School then four concept "Int. system", "balance of power", "Int. law", "Int. institutions", are choicen because of their significance in Int. relations study. Then the viewpoint and definition of both theory about concepts are analyzing and their accordance are evaluate. In the result of this comparison, compatibility of two schools is evaluated and analyzed. The out comes of this research shows that two schools have a similar point to four concepts. So against of current viewpoint about English School as a viamedia, this school both in goal and basis is more similar to Realism. Manuscript profile
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        85 - Extra-legal role of parties in the Iranian political system with a comparative study
        ahmad sajedi rohollah rahimi hosein alaee khadijeh karimi esfehani
        10.30495/psq.2021.1926155.2022
        Man is a social being according to his natural tendency, and this necessity causes the formation of social relations and the formation of societies. Political society governs affairs with political power. One of the important issues in political systems is the existence More
        Man is a social being according to his natural tendency, and this necessity causes the formation of social relations and the formation of societies. Political society governs affairs with political power. One of the important issues in political systems is the existence of parties. Political parties and groups can maintain the security of society through efforts to increase the level of po. In Iran, parties have been recognized in Article 26 of the Constitution, but for various sociological, political, economic, cultural and social reasons, they have not had a proper qualitative and functional development. During political development, one of the important tasks of the political system is how to use its capabilities and make proper use of the system's capabilities. Since parties are one of the main models of participation in the distribution of political power and in general one of the main criteria of political development, so the high ability of the mechanisms of the political system to develop political parties should be considered as important factors of party stability. It seems to be one of the most important factors in the extra-legal role affecting the efficiency of parties in the Iranian political system, in addition to political stability and assimilation of public culture along with moderating government control, political power of parties and institutionalizing the participation of civil society in non-decision making. Manuscript profile
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        86 - Criminal psychology and the components of political crime in Iran (a comparative study of the first Pahlavi era and the Islamic Republic)
        zohrabi eslam mohammad khani haniye ghoruneh
        10.30495/psq.2024.2001075.2236
        The main goal of criminal psychology is to investigate the effective factors in the delinquency of criminals in various crimes. In relation to why a series of acts should be criminalized under the title of political crimes and receive a different executive guarantee res More
        The main goal of criminal psychology is to investigate the effective factors in the delinquency of criminals in various crimes. In relation to why a series of acts should be criminalized under the title of political crimes and receive a different executive guarantee response, reasons have been mentioned by jurists, firstly, that these crimes lack the necessary elements of ordinary crimes such as malice and violence. Second, the subject and purpose of political crimes is to change a certain political situation with illegal means, and thirdly, since the purpose of the perpetrator is the government and political institutions, there is no violation of private rights. In the constitutional law, as the first codified text in the direction of establishing democracy and legislation, and in fact, the basis of the new political and legal system of Iran, it has also made it a political crime in its seventy-ninth amendment article. According to this article, in the cases of political and press offenses, the panel of judges will be present in the courts. Of course, from that time until now, the definition and examples of political crimes in Iran's legal system have been undecided. In the current laws of Iran, due to the lack of a specific and appropriate law in this field, in 2015, a law titled the Political Crime Law was approved by the legislature, based on the existing provisions, the judicial system can be based on the specific law of political crime. Manuscript profile
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        87 - Provide a model for attracting faculty members to higher education institutions with a thematic analysis approach
        seyedhassan alavirad Fereshteh Kordestani Yalda Delgoshaei Asad Hejazi
        Today, the employment and employment of human capital in organizations, especially highereducation centers and universities, emphasizes the qualitative evaluation of applicants and therecruitment of qualified and capable people. Therefore, it is important to provide a s More
        Today, the employment and employment of human capital in organizations, especially highereducation centers and universities, emphasizes the qualitative evaluation of applicants and therecruitment of qualified and capable people. Therefore, it is important to provide a suitablemodel for attracting academic staff. The aim of this study is to provide a model for attractingacademic staff to universities and higher education institutions. The research method isqualitative and analyzes the content. The statistical population consists of professors, specialists and experts in the management and planning of policy-making bodies in the field of recruitment and maintenance of human resources. Theme analysis was used. The results were analyzed according to the four stages of the recruitment process, including planning, recruitment, selection and self-employment. Detection”, 2 components (announcing the call and reviewing the applicants' file), in the“ selection ”section, 3 components (reviewing the scientific and general competence, inquiring from the authorities and issuing the executive board vote) and finally in the“ employment ”section, 3 components (informing). Complaints and rulings have been identified and presented in the form of a model for attracting academic staff to universities and higher education institutions Manuscript profile
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        88 - The Role of Self-Directed Learning In Human Capital of higher education institutions Case study in University of Tehran
        Ebrahim Mazari Kazem Fath Tabar Firouzjayi Mehdi Ghanbarnia Soudabeh Badehban
        This study aimed to explain the role of self-directed learning in human capital of higher education institutions. The research method was descriptive and correlational and data analysis method was SEM using Cochran's sampling formula the Sample contained 131 employees w More
        This study aimed to explain the role of self-directed learning in human capital of higher education institutions. The research method was descriptive and correlational and data analysis method was SEM using Cochran's sampling formula the Sample contained 131 employees who were selected through Stratified random sampling. Self-leadership questionnaire of Abili and Mazari (2014) with the reliability of 0.96 and human capital questionnaire of Naderi (2011) with the reliability of 0.95 were used to collect data. That content and construct validity of the questionnaires we also evaluated and confirmed. One sample t-test showed that the self-directed learning and human capital of employees were higher than the average. Correlation result showed self-directed learning(r=0.70) hada significant positive correlation with human capital of Personnel (p<0.01). Structural equation modeling also showed that self-directed learning have significant impact on knowledge and cognitive skills (γ=0.85), metacognitive skills (γ=0/83) and emotion and communication competencies (γ =0.86).   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        89 - The Relationship between Knowledge Management and Organizational Climate in Higher Education Institutions
        KHadijeh Rahmatinia Maryam Maleki
        Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between knowledge management and organization climate in different institutions of Higher Education. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. The population included the staff, f More
        Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between knowledge management and organization climate in different institutions of Higher Education. The research method is descriptive and of correlational type. The population included the staff, faculty members and employees, of different institutions of higher education in Iran, such as IAU, Payam-e- Noor, and Elmi-Karbordi. Based on Morgan chart, our sample included 165 people, which were selected through stratified random sampling. To collect the data, two standardized questionnaires were used. The first one was knowledge management questionnaire with 38 five–choice questions including such items as, knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, and knowledge use. The second questionnaire measured the organizational climate with 42 questions, 21 of which were related to managers' behaviors towards the staff and the other 21 were related to staff behaviors towards each other. To analyze the data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used through the application of SPSS. Data analysis revealed that there was a positive correlation between knowledge management and organizational climate in different institutions of Higher Education. It also showed that increasing the knowledge of employees in different institutions of higher education could improve organizational climate in such institutions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        90 - This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Social Participation in Tehran in 1395
        Hosein Bashire givei Mehrdad NavaBakhsh Sorosh Fathi
        This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Social Participation in Tehran in 1395 "And by survey method using a questionnaire tool. Nowadays, due to the wide and complexity of urban issues as well as the acquisition of various ex More
        This research titled "Sociological Explanation of the Role of Civil Institutions in Social Participation in Tehran in 1395 "And by survey method using a questionnaire tool. Nowadays, due to the wide and complexity of urban issues as well as the acquisition of various experiences in terms of realization of urban projects and programs, attracting popular contributions in order to achieve the desired goals of local communities, On the one hand, experience has shown that the realization of participation in its true sense requires institutionalization and sustainability of participation, which is symmetrical with the formation of the spectrum of associations and institutions of society, in other words, the expansion and Deepening of popular participation requires organizing, institutionalizing and creating appropriate structural conditions. Social participation Manuscript profile
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        91 - The Role of Social Support on the Performance of Prisoners' Families (Case Study of the Covered Prisoners Families in Tehran)
        Enayat Eslami Andargoli Ali Asghar Abbasi Asfajir Manochehr Pahlavan
        This study examined the role of social support of the Prisoners' Support Association on the "family performance" of prisoners. The objectives of the research are to assess the role of "livelihood", "vocational", "educational", and" counseling" and "treatment" services o More
        This study examined the role of social support of the Prisoners' Support Association on the "family performance" of prisoners. The objectives of the research are to assess the role of "livelihood", "vocational", "educational", and" counseling" and "treatment" services on prisoners' "family performance" and various models of social support including direct and indirect impact, Hill prison family crisis and Types of "Hause" social support were examined. This research is a "mixed method" based on "survey" and "questionnaire" in the quantitative part and "focused group discussion" based on "brainstorming" and "exploratory interviews" in the qualitative phase. Quantitative tools include the researcher-made questionnaire of the Prisoners Support Association and the "Epstein Family Performance". The "validity" of the instruments based on "theoretical validity", "factor analysis" and "reliability" of the questionnaires based on the technique of "internal consistency" and "Cronbach's alpha" were confirmed. The statistical population of the quantitative section includes all families covered by Prisoners’ Support Association in Tehran province (3314 families), of which 384 families were selected as a statistical sample based on "stratified random sampling". The statistical population of the qualitative section also includes staff, assistants and prison managers and the "thematic analysis" method was used to extract the findings. Quantitative findings showed services had middle effect on the "family performance"but it's not sufficient resolving needs. Qualitative findings showed that the prisoner’s family need social support from support institutions and it is necessary to use a comprehensive database to address the basic needs of this spectrum and their reunification with community. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        92 - A model for institutionalizing innovation management among faculty members of Islamic Azad universities Case: Azad University, Research Sciences Branch, Tehran
        Azadeh Motalebi axtar jamali Nader Ghourchian Kamran mohamadkhani
        This research is conducted to provide a model for institutionalizing innovation management in education for universities and higher education institutions of the country. For this purpose, based on the research literature, a list of dimensions and components of innovati More
        This research is conducted to provide a model for institutionalizing innovation management in education for universities and higher education institutions of the country. For this purpose, based on the research literature, a list of dimensions and components of innovation management in the field of education of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, has been prepared. The present study has been quantitative and qualitative in terms of data type and in terms of collecting data has been descriptive survey. In the quantitative section, a sample of 285 faculty members was selected through random-stratified sampling method from the faculty members of Islamic Azad University, Tehran Research and Science Branch. According to the official statistics of Islamic Azad University, 1100 students were in the academic year 2018-2019. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The formal validity of the questionnaires was investigated and confirmed by the experimental implementation and judgment of experts, and the construct validity through factor analysis. The reliability of the questionnaire was also calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (89.0). To analyze the data, SPSS and AMOS software was used and to provide the final model of the research, modeling of measuring was used and for fitting model in the structural equation modeling technique, statistical tests including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis and Kendall's tau test were used. The following results were obtained and 9 dimensions, 40 components and 50 indicators were extracted. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        93 - The effect of knowledge management on job performance of managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad
        mojtaba moazzami Mahvash Hatami
        The main purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of knowledge management on job performance of managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad. In this study, an attempt has been made to answer the question to what extent knowledge management affec More
        The main purpose of this article is to investigate the effect of knowledge management on job performance of managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad. In this study, an attempt has been made to answer the question to what extent knowledge management affects the job performance of managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad? The statistical population of this study is all managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad, which is currently 150 people, of which 108 managers have been selected as a statistical sample using Morgan table sampling method and simple random method. The standard knowledge management questionnaire of Chen et al. (2010) and the standard questionnaire of managers' job performance by Patterson (1970) were used to collect data. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. To analyze information from descriptive statistical methods, demographic variables of sample members including: gender, education, age and indicators of research variables including: mean, variance, fashion, standard deviation, range of changes, maximum and minimum and inferential Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Friedman test and SPSS 26 software is used to perform econometric operations. The results show that knowledge management (knowledge creation, knowledge sharing, knowledge application and knowledge storage) has a positive and significant effect on the job performance of managers of higher education institutions in Khorramabad. The results also showed that the components of knowledge management, knowledge creation and application (application) of knowledge with an average rank of 3.10 had the highest rank compared to other components and are important in this regard. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        94 - Presenting a model for evaluating the social responsibility planning and management of banks (including a case study)
        Ehsan Beigi Mohammadreza Rasouli Seyed Vahid Aghili
        Compared to other companies, banks play a key role in institutionalizing social responsibility in societies. The role of banks as facilitators and drivers of economic and trade wheels, as wealth-generating institutions and also as service providers for local, national a More
        Compared to other companies, banks play a key role in institutionalizing social responsibility in societies. The role of banks as facilitators and drivers of economic and trade wheels, as wealth-generating institutions and also as service providers for local, national and international communities, shows the importance of these institutions in promoting the intellectual movement of social responsibility in the whole society. The purpose of the research is to provide a model to evaluate the social responsibility planning and management of banks. Among the main functions of this research, we can mention the identification of goals and formulation of programs related to corporate social responsibility, creating a common understanding and language of corporate social responsibility among senior managers, facilitating measures related to social responsibility planning and management, and supporting the implementation of these programs. did The findings show that there is a perfect match between the perspective of public relations and the performance of banks in choosing areas of responsible activity, so that both departments state that charitable and humanitarian activities, helping the injured, etc., have been favored by banks. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        95 - Searching Social Institutions in the poetry of Kalim Kashani
        Ismaeil Hakemi Vala Parnoosh Pajouhesh
        The sociological approach to literature examines a literary work with reference to the social milieu of its creator and focuses on the interaction between social milieu and literary work, and it introduces the role of the society in the creation of a work of art. The pu More
        The sociological approach to literature examines a literary work with reference to the social milieu of its creator and focuses on the interaction between social milieu and literary work, and it introduces the role of the society in the creation of a work of art. The purpose of this article is as follows: 1.  Investigation of the impact of sociology on the Persian Literature. 2. A glance at the political and literary milieu in Safavid era. 3. Short Introduction to Kalim Kashani and his poetry. 4. Investigating social institutions from the sociologists’ perspective. 5. Evaluation of social elements in Kashani’s poetry using social institutions as yardsticks in order to illustrate the role of social effects in mirroring the society of his time. Manuscript profile

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