-
Open Access Article
1 - The effect of foliar feeding of iron, zinc and manganese nanochelates on chlorophyll fluorescence, iron, zinc and manganese concentration in seeds and soybean yield
Mohammad Saeed VagharObjective: Dehydration stress disrupts the balance of absorption and transfer of micronutrients from roots to aerial organs and is a serious threat to agricultural products. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of iron, zinc and manganese nano chelate MoreObjective: Dehydration stress disrupts the balance of absorption and transfer of micronutrients from roots to aerial organs and is a serious threat to agricultural products. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of iron, zinc and manganese nano chelate spraying on chlorophyll index, chlorophyll fluorescence, concentration of iron, zinc and manganese elements in seeds and their relationship with soybean yield.Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out in the form of a split plot, in the form of a completely randomized block design with three repetitions in two consecutive years. The main factor of the irrigation regime in the main plot includes stopping irrigation at the stage of flowering, podding, seed filling and full irrigation and the secondary factor of spraying with distilled water (control), iron, zinc, manganese, iron + zinc, iron + manganese, zinc + manganese. And iron + zinc + manganese were in sub-plots.Findings: Drought stress significantly reduced grain yield, which was the largest reduction in podding stage (31.4% reduction compared to the control). The lowest and highest amount of chlorophyll fluorescence was obtained due to stress in the stage of podding and full irrigation. Iron and iron + zinc treatments had the highest chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll index, respectively. The control treatment had the highest and the stress treatment had the lowest concentration of iron, zinc and manganese in the seed during the podding stage.Conclusion: Fertilization of iron, zinc and manganese nanochelates in water deficit conditions is a practical method to reduce chlorophyll fluorescence, increase the content of micronutrients in seeds and seed yield. The combined treatment of iron + zinc was the best treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Evaluation of antifungal activity of cinnamon essential oil on control of Fusarium solani fungi under in-vitro and in-vivo condition
Hadi Salek mearaji Akram Hatami Saeed Hazbei pour Mohammad javad Zarea Khoshnood NourollahiIn order to investigate the effect of cinnamon essential oil on control of Fusarium solani fungus an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with four replication carried out in-vitro and in-vivo condition. The first experiment was effect of five MoreIn order to investigate the effect of cinnamon essential oil on control of Fusarium solani fungus an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with four replication carried out in-vitro and in-vivo condition. The first experiment was effect of five concentration of cinnamon essential oil (0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm) on control of fungus in-vitro, and Second experiment was three application methods of essential oil (spray, priming seed and transplanting, and application with irrigation) on control of the mentioned fungus on tomato plant in-vivo condition. Cinnamon essential oil can completely controlled from the growth of the fungus at all concentrations in-vitro condition. The results showed that application of essential oil cinnamon with irrigation by 58/33 % inhibition have the maximum effect on suppress in F. solani. The highest of suppress of F. solani fungi (54/16 %) in primimg method obtained in 2000 ppm. The high percent of survive plant in application with irrigation method with 37/48 % in 1500 ppm observed. But enhance of concentration in spray method from 1500 to 2000 ppm causeed damage to plants. The obtined of result in this research, application of cinnamon essential oil with irrigation method, can be suitable way as a biological control of F. solani fungus. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The effect of foliar application of fertilizers with growth stimulants and micronutrients on yield and yield components of two corn cultivars
فرزاد جلیلیTo investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The MoreTo investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The first factor consisted of two levels of maize cultivar (Single Cross 704 and Maxima), and the second one included the foliar application of fertilizers containing growth stimuli at five levels (Brexil Combi , Azomin , Eliqzer , Bio-20 Gold and No consumption). Analysis of variance showed that most of the studied traits including plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of stem and leaf, number of grains per row, total number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein percentage and seed yield were affected by different fertilizer treatments. Also, the effect of cultivar on all traits except stem diameter and grain protein percentage was significant. The highest plant height (315.1 cm), 1000 kernel weight (271.2g), grain yield (12.9 t/ha) and protein yield (1.96 t/ha) were obtained from Bio-20 gold fertilizer. The highest percentage of grain protein with 10.38 units was related to foliar application of azomin. Among the maize cultivars, hybrid single-crop 704 with 12.75 ton/ha had the highest grain yield. Interaction between fertilizer treatments and maize cultivars showed that the highest grain yield ( 13.57 t/ha) was related to the application of Bio-20 gold fertilizer on maize cross 704 was related to the use Eliqzer growth stimulator in Maxima cultivar. Therefore, according to the obtained results, application of Bio-20 Gold and Single cross 704 maize with highest grain yield for foliar application and cultivation in the area is recommended Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Impact of Titanium on Growth and Forage Production of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Different Growth Stage
Farshad Ghooshchi Mohammad Lotfi -
Open Access Article
5 - Evaluation Effect of Copper Sulphate and Manganese on Yield and Chemical Markers of Maize under Water Deficit Condition
Mohamad Reza Dadnia Reza Mori Sharyani -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation Amino Acids and Iron Nano particles on Photosynthetic Pigments and Yield of Potato
Arash Roozbahani Sanaz Pour Ali -
Open Access Article
7 - Application Methods of Iron and Zinc Chelates on Grain Yield and Their Absorption in Maize of Dezful City (Khuzestan Province, South west of Iran)
Ali Khalafi Kamran Mohsenifar Ali Gholami Mohammad Barzegari -
Open Access Article
8 - Maize (Zea mays L.) Agro-Physiological Response to Potassium and Iron Fertilizer under Water Deficit Stress
Saeed Reza Yaghoobi Arash Roozbahani Mohammad Reza Akhavan Mohseni -
Open Access Article
9 - Study of Different Fertilization Methods on Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Vegetative Factors
Abdol Amir Rahnama Abdol Hamid Mohebi Mohammad Khayat -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation Effect of Salicylic Acid and Glycine Betaine on Quantitative Properties of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under Drought Stress Conditions
Babak Maghsoudi Damavandi Sara Shirzad -
Open Access Article
11 - Study of Irrigation Halt and Humic Acid on Seed Yield, Its Components and Correlation between Traits of Red Bean
Shadi Sadat Mohjerani Mojtaba Alavifazel Hamid Madani Shahram Lack Adel Modhej -
Open Access Article
12 - Assess Effect of Rhizobium Bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum L.) and Iron Nano-chelate on Seed yield and its Components of Pinto Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Cultivars
Abas Solymanifard Hoshang Naserirad -
Open Access Article
13 - Effect of Foliar Treatment of Micronutrients (Iron, Zinc, and Manganese) on Nitrogen Yield and Biological Fixation of Bami Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) With Inoculation of Bacteria in Kerman
Hojjat Safari Kamal Abadi -
Open Access Article
14 - Effect of Supplementary Irrigation and Foliar Application of Zinc Sulfate on Seed Yield and its Components of Chickpea in Arak, Iran
V. Borzabadi I. FarahaniTo consider supplementary irrigation and application of different level of Zinc sulfate on yield and yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea c.v. "Hashem", this research was This study carried out in a split plot experiment based on randomized complet MoreTo consider supplementary irrigation and application of different level of Zinc sulfate on yield and yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea c.v. "Hashem", this research was This study carried out in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of the Islamic Azad University of Arak.. Treatments applied consisted of two levels (supplementary irrigation and rain-fed condition) and three rates of the foliar zinc sulfate application (12, 24 and 36 grams). Results showed that the effects of supplementary irrigation and foliar application of fertilize grams/liter on seed yield and biological yield were significant at 1% level of probability. Highest seed yield (567.2 kg/ha) was obtained from applying supplementary irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation of the Combined Effect of Biological and Chemical Phosphorous Fertilizers and Micronutrient on Seed and Protein Yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Mona Yousefipor Shahram Lack Khoshnaz PayandehNow-a-days, in addition to the quantity of production its quality, stability and sustainability are taken into account. This research was conducted in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Ramhormoz region in 2016-2 MoreNow-a-days, in addition to the quantity of production its quality, stability and sustainability are taken into account. This research was conducted in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Ramhormoz region in 2016-2017. The main treatments consisted of phosphorus fertilizers and bio-fertilizers with four levels (without using phosphorus fertilizer as control, bio-fertilizer, phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and 200 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer) and foliar application of micro-nutrients (zinc, iron and manganese) with three levels (without application of micro-nutrients as control, spraying of micro-nutrients with 0.002 and 0.004 concentrations) assigned to sub plots. The analysis of variance of data showed that the combined effect of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizer and foliar application of micronutrient on seed yield, its components, protein yield and its percentage, plant height and spike length were significant. Mean comparisons indicated that phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer produced highest number of spike per m2, seeds per spike, 1000-seed weight, harvest index, protein percentage, protein yield, plant height and spike length. The highest seed yield belonged to phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and foliar application of micro-nutrients with 0.004 concentration and the lowest to the control treatment. Generally, to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, cost of production and the prevention of soil contamination use of phosphorus bio-fertilizer +150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and spraying micronutrients with 0.004 concentration can be recommended to the farmers of the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Effect of Stress Modifiers on Nutrient Concentration of Leaf and Grain and Biochemical Characteristics of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Water Deficit Stress
Seyyedeh Nasrin Hosseini Jalal Jalilian Esmaeil GholinezhadTo investigate the effect of water deficit stress and stress modifiers on the nutrient concentration of leaf and grain and biochemical characteristics of quinoa, a pot factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 6 replicates was d MoreTo investigate the effect of water deficit stress and stress modifiers on the nutrient concentration of leaf and grain and biochemical characteristics of quinoa, a pot factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 6 replicates was done in 2019 at Urmia University. The first factor includes water deficit stress at four levels (stress at vegetative growth stage, after plant establishment to flowering; stress at reproductive growth stage, from flowering to flowering end; stress at grain filling stag, from the beginning of filling to maturity; no stress, control) and the second factor is foliar spraying at four levels (ascorbic acid, 2 mM; salicylic acid, 2 mM; nano-micronutrient chelate fertilizer, 2 liters/1000 L water; control, water spray). The results showed that dehydration stress had a significant effect on leaf and grain elements and biochemical traits. Dehydration at different stages of growth reduced chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and soluble sugars compared to the control but proline content increased. Mean comparison showed dehydration stress in vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth stage and dehydration stress in grain filling stage compared to control (without dehydration stress) increased proline content by 15%, 28% and 31%, respectively. However, dehydration stress at vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth and grain filling stage reduced grain weight by 4, 20 and 20%, respectively, compared to the control (without dehydration stress). Foliar application by increasing proline accumulation and photosynthetic pigment content, increased quinoa grain weight. Foliar application of ascorbic acid, complete micro-nanofertilizer and salicylic acid increased the chlorophyll a content by 2, 13 and 5%, respectively, compared to the control (spraying), respectively. It seems that foliar application of salicylic acid had a more positive effect than other modifiers at different stages of dehydration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Effect of Foliar Application of Iron and Zinc from Chelate and Sulfate Sources on Growth and Yield of Maize, at Dezful Province of Khuzestan
Ali Khalafi Kamran Mohsenifar Ali Gholami Mohammad BarzegariTo investigate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc from sulfate and EDTA-chelated sources on quantitaty and qualitaty of corn seed yields were compared. Thus, field experiment was carried at Dezful, using maize single cross 701 cultivar, in a randomized co MoreTo investigate the effect of foliar application of iron and zinc from sulfate and EDTA-chelated sources on quantitaty and qualitaty of corn seed yields were compared. Thus, field experiment was carried at Dezful, using maize single cross 701 cultivar, in a randomized complete block design for one years. The experiment consisted of seven treatments: control, foliar spraying with chelate or sulfate of iron with a concentration of three mg.L-1, foliar application of sulfate or chelate of zinc with a concentration of mg.L-1, foliar application of combined sulfate or chelate of zinc and iron with a concentration of 1.5 mg.L-1 for each element. Results at the experiment showed that the effect of different foliar treatments on all factors, except cob weight and grain manganese concentration, were significant. The highest grain yield was 9520 kg.ha-1 and biological yield (37.73 ton.ha-1), in the combined foliar application of iron and zinc, was 13% increase, as compared to the control. There was no significant difference in grain yield between the two sources of iron chelate and iron sulfate. The highest concentration of iron grain was observed by using foliar application with ferrous sulfate at a concentration of 3 mg.L-1 and the highest concentration of zinc foliar application observed with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 3 mg.L-1. The highest percentage of protein content was observed by using foliar application of iron and zinc. The results of this study showed that foliar application of corn with iron and zinc increased seed yield and improves its quality. There were no significant difference between the two sources of sulfate and chelate applications, while in some cases the use of sulfate source showed better results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of Zinc Chelate Foliar Application on Yield and Yield Components of Four Wheat Cultivars
محسن Dargahi R. Sadrabadi Haghighi K. Bakhsh KelarestaghiApplication of microelements is one of the ways to increase quantative and qualitative characters of wheat. To evaluate the effect of zinc foliar application on yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars a factorial experiment with two factors was conducted in r MoreApplication of microelements is one of the ways to increase quantative and qualitative characters of wheat. To evaluate the effect of zinc foliar application on yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars a factorial experiment with two factors was conducted in randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2011-2012 year. The first factor consisted of four wheat cultivars (Falat, Bahar, Pishtaz and Tous) and the second factor composed of three levels of zinc chelate foliar applications (control, at shooting stage and at shooting + flowering stages). Zinc concentration in each application was decided to be 4 kilogram per hectare. Results showed that yield and yield components of cultivars were significantly different with each others. The highest and lowest yields were belonged to Bahar and Tous respectively. The highest yield of Bahar, as compared to the other cultivars, was due to its higher biological yield. Zinc foliar applications at shooting and shooting + flowering stages also increased biological and seed yields. Seed yield increase mainly affected by higher 1000 seed weight. In general, it seems that zinc application, due to its role in the physiology of wheat, a sensitive plant to zinc deficiency, may increase its seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Effects Foliar Application of Methanol at Different Growth Stages on Kernel Related Traits in Chickpea var. ILC 482
N. Naeimi, Mehrdad Yarnia E. KhalilvandThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on certain kernel related traits at different growth stages of pea var. ILC482 at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011. The MoreThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on certain kernel related traits at different growth stages of pea var. ILC482 at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011. The study was conducted in split plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments were three levels methanol foliar application at different growth stages (vegetative, reproductive and foliar application at both two stages) which considered as main factor, six levels of foliar application of methanol concentrations: (0 [control], 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30%) as sub factor. Results showed that the interactions of methanol applications growth stages and its concentrations on grain number per plant, 100 kernel weight, grain yield, grain filing rate and harvest index were significantly different. Foliar application of methanol at reproductive stage decrease kernel related traits, but this application at both growth stages had positive effect on grain production and kernel related traits. This positive effect on number and 100 kernel weight were significant. The highest grain yield (2460 kg/ha) was obtained by 20% concentration of methanol at both growth stages that increased grain yield above 13.5% compared to the control condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effects of Seed Hydropriming and Nitrogen and Betaine Foliar Application on Yield Quality and Quantity of Adel Cultivar of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Rainfed Conditions in Lorestan Province
Rasoul Babaeipour Khosro Azizi Hamid Reza Eisvand Mashala Daneshvar Omid Ali AkbarpourThis study was performed in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications on Adel chickpea cultivar during 2017-2018. Seed priming consisted of two levels (non-priming and hydropriming) and spraying nitrogen and glycine betaine MoreThis study was performed in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications on Adel chickpea cultivar during 2017-2018. Seed priming consisted of two levels (non-priming and hydropriming) and spraying nitrogen and glycine betaine with six levels (no spraying, as control, zero concentration (water spray), 3% urea, 100 mM glycine betaine, 200 mM glycine betaine, and glycine betaine 200 mM + urea 3%). Interaction of priming by foliar application on biological and grain yields was significant at 1%probabilitylevel.The highest biological yield (2668kg.ha-1) and grain yield (1301 kg.ha-1) were obtained with combined priming and consumption of 200 mM glycine + 3% urea and the lowest yield was related to non-priming and non-spraying priming. Priming also improved the harvest index, number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and number of active nodules. The effect of foliar application of plants by glycine betaine and urea on number of grains per pod and grain protein percentage was significant. The highest values of these traits belonged to foliar application of plants by glycine betaine with concentration of 200 mM + 3% urea. Hydropriming significantly increased grain yield, harvest index, grain weight, and number of seeds per plant. Hydropriming also allowed the plant to initiate flowering and pod forming earlier. According to the results of this study, the use of hydropriming treatment and spraying of nitrogen and glycine betaine respectively would be recommended to improve the quality and quantity of rainfed chickpea in Kuhdasht, Lorestan province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effects of Foliar Rates of Methanol Applications on some of Traits Related to Seed Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Water Deficit Stress
E. Khalilvand Behrouzyar M. Yarnia E. Farajzadeh M. HerischiTo investigate the effects of rates of methanol foliar applications under water deficit stress on someof traits related to seed yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L), a split plot experiment was conducted during growing seasons of 2011-2012. Treatments were four leve MoreTo investigate the effects of rates of methanol foliar applications under water deficit stress on someof traits related to seed yield of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L), a split plot experiment was conducted during growing seasons of 2011-2012. Treatments were four levels of water deficit stresses a1: severe stress (irrigation at 25% FC), a2: mild stress (irrigation at 50% FC), a3: fair stress (irrigation at 75% FC) and a4: normal irrigation (irrigation at 100% FC) and six levels of foliar methanol applications [b1:0, b2:7, b3:14, b4:21, b5:28 and b6:35 (v/v)]. The analysis of variance showed significant effect of interaction between water deficit stress and methanol rates of foliar applications on seed yield per plant, dry weight per plant, number of seeds per head (p<0.01) and percentage of seed per fruit (p<0.05). The highest (96.69 g/plant) and the lowest (67.78 g/plant) seed yields were related to the 21% [v/v] foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation and control (without methanol application) in severe stress respectively (seed yield increase of about 42%). 21% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation also resulted in highest ( 53.34 g) and 0% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under severe stress in the lowest (31.42 g) oil yield per plant (69% increase). Also, 21% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation resulted in highest (465.4 g) and in severe stress had the lowest (191.5 g) dry weight per plant (a 2.4 fold increase in dry seed weight). Besides,the highest seed number per head was related to 21% (v/v) methanol foliar application under normal irrigation. Using 21% (v/v) methanol foliar application under normal irrigation increased seed number per head by 2/3 times in comparison with that of control under severe drought stress. The results also proved that 14% (v/v) foliar application of methanol under normal irrigation did increase seed (achene) yield by 32% and reduced percentage of ovary wall to seed by 2/1 fold. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effects of Foliar Application of Methanol on Yield and Yield Components of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Water Deficit Stress Conditions
نظام Armand حمزه Amiri A. IsmaeiliTo evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on yield and yield components of bean under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Khatam-Al-Anbia University of Behbahan. The firs MoreTo evaluate the effects of foliar application of methanol on yield and yield components of bean under drought stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications at Khatam-Al-Anbia University of Behbahan. The first factor was different levels of methanol consisting of 0 (control), 10, 20 and 30 volumetric percentage (v/v), which were applied foliarly at three times with 10 days intervals during growing season of bean. The second factor was moisture regimes with three levels of irrigation at 25, 75 and 100 percent of field capacity. Results of this study showed significant differences among levels of methanol concentrations as to dry weight of pod, pod width and length, seed length and number of pod per plant. All of the yield components were mainly decreased by severe drought stress. As a whole, application of methanol did not increase yield of bean under drought condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Response of Chlorophyll, Relative Water Content and Protein Percentage of Safflower Leaves to Salinity and Foliar Calcium, Potassium and Magnesium Applications
Mahmood Attarzadeh Asghar Rahimi Benyamin TorabiTo study the effect of Ca, K, and Mn foliar spray on chlorophyll and relative water contents of safflower (cv. Padideh) leaves under salinity condition a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Vali-e-Asr U MoreTo study the effect of Ca, K, and Mn foliar spray on chlorophyll and relative water contents of safflower (cv. Padideh) leaves under salinity condition a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Vali-e-Asr University Greenhouse in 2011. Factors were salinity with four levels: 0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg NaCl kg -1, and foliar spraying of plants with four levels: distilled water, 10 mM CaNo3, 10 mM K2HPO4 and 1 mM MnSo4. Spraying were applied two weeks after emergence and continued every 2 weeks. Results showed that 1500 mg NaCl reduced SPAD value, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and relative water content. However, increasing salinity induced higher leaf water saturation. Foliar spraying of plants with MnSO4, K2HPO4 and CaNo3 nutrients, also reduced SPAD value. Foliar application of plants with Ca(NO3)2 increased leaf protein in 500 mg NaCl and without salinity. Application of MnSo4 increased chlorophyll b, a+b and also chlorophyll a (in 500 mg NaCl). Thus, in respect to the positive role of calcium and manganese in the production and preservation of chlorophyll and protein, foliar spray application can be a suitable strategy to reduce crop losses under salinity conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect of Copper Chelate Foliar Application on Yield and Yield Components of Four Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Cultivar
A. Godrati Azadi R. Sadrabadi Haghighi K. Bakhsh KelarestaghiTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper on yield and yield components of four barley cultivar a factorial experiments with two factors was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2011 - 2012. The first factor was four barl MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper on yield and yield components of four barley cultivar a factorial experiments with two factors was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2011 - 2012. The first factor was four barley cultivars (Fisasih, Yousof, Reyhan and Cb17) and the second factor consisted of foliar application of copper chelate in three levels (non, one time at booting stage and two times at both booting and heading stages). Results showed that there were differences among number of fertile tillers, number of seed per spike and seed weight of cultivars. Although yields of cultivars did not differ significantly, one or two times of foliar applications of copper increased biological and seed yield. Seed yield increased mainly as a result of increase in thousand seed weight, number of fertile tillers per unit area and the number of seeds per spike. Mean while harvest index was not affected by foliar application. In general, it seems due to essential of elemental copper on plant physiology, particularly in a copper sensitive plant like barley application of copper-containing compounds may enhance plant growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Quality Traits and Yield of Bam Population of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
hojjat safari kamal abadi Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Jahanfar Daneshian Hosein Heydari Sharifabad Amin BaghizadeTo investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients on chlorophyll and protein content and yield of alfalafa populations and evaluate economics obtain cost- effect, an experiment was carried out in split split plot by time with four replications using a ra MoreTo investigate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients on chlorophyll and protein content and yield of alfalafa populations and evaluate economics obtain cost- effect, an experiment was carried out in split split plot by time with four replications using a randomized complete blocks desighn at the Shahid Zendeh-Ruh Agricultural Research Center of Kerman. Experimental treatments were micronutrients with five levels: Fe, Zn, Mn, Fe+Zn+Mn and control (without nutrient applications), bacterial inoculation, with three levels: Rhizobium melilloti, Rhizobium legumenasarum and without inoculation. Foliar application had a positive significant effect on all traits under study and increased chlorophyll and protein contents, and alfalfa forage yeild. The highest fresh forage yield belonged to second cutting (71 t.ha-1) by using combined micronutrient foliar application and to third cutting (68 t.ha-1) by using Rhizobium leguminosarum. The highest protein rate was observed in Mn foliar application and Rhizobium meliloti inoculation at second cutting by 50%. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that foliar application of micronutrients and inoculation with Rhizobium bacteria improves morphological characteristics of Bami population of alfalfa in Kerman region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Effect of Foliar Application of Magnesium and Potassium Sulfate on Morphological, Biochemical and Yield Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) During Water Deficiet Stress
Arman Sotoodeh Tayeb Saki Nejad Alireza Shokuhfar Shahram Lak Mani MajaddamDrought stress is one of the most important factors that limiting the growth and yield of plants. In recent years the use of various methods to reduce its negative effects has been considered by many researchers. This experiment was performed as a split plot in the form MoreDrought stress is one of the most important factors that limiting the growth and yield of plants. In recent years the use of various methods to reduce its negative effects has been considered by many researchers. This experiment was performed as a split plot in the form of randomized complete blocks with four replications in two years. The effect of foliar application of different ratios of magnesium and potassium on the morphological, biochemical and functional characteristics of maize (single cross cultivar 704) in different irrigation cycles (50, 75 and 100 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan) was evaluated. The results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction of irrigation and magnesium to potassium ratio on the characteristics of height, stem diameter, ear length, number of seeds per ear, potassium uptake, magnesium uptake, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, Carotenoids, proline, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index had a statistically significant effect. The results of the study of the effect of potassium and magnesium on morphological and biochemical changes in drought tolerance in maize (Single Cross 704 cultivar) showed that consumption of these elements significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, ear length, number of seeds per ear, uptake rate Potassium, magnesium uptake, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index in water deficit conditions; So that the highest value of these traits in evapotranspiration conditions was 50 mm from the evapotranspiration pan and application of 200 kg of magnesium sulfate/ 300 kg of potassium sulfate. Also, foliar application of different concentrations of potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate by increasing the uptake of potassium and magnesium, preserving leaf chlorophyll, resulting in more effective photosynthesis as well as increasing the concentration of proline in plant leaves, moderate the negative effects of water deficiency and corn tolerance to conditions. Improve water shortage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Improvement of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Yield with Urea Foliar Application at Growth Stages
Mahmood TohidiTo investigate the effects of nitrogen foliar application at different growth stages of soybean on the yield and yield components this experiment was performed in Shush, north of Khuzestan, Iran, during growing season of 2014. The experiment was in split plot based on r MoreTo investigate the effects of nitrogen foliar application at different growth stages of soybean on the yield and yield components this experiment was performed in Shush, north of Khuzestan, Iran, during growing season of 2014. The experiment was in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer foliar applications as control (no nitrogen foliar application), 25, 50 and 75 kg/ha pure nitrogen from urea source (46% pure nitrogen) assigned to the main plots and spraying times in three levels, at vegetative stage, flowering stage and podding stage to the subplots. Results showed that the effects of nitrogen foliar application on traits measured in this experiment like leaf area index, number of pod per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seed weight, seed yield, biologic yield, harvest index, protein percent and protein yield and also interaction of different levels of nitrogen foliar application and different growth stages, were significant. Oil percent and yield were only significant under the effect of nitrogen foliar application treatments at different growth stages while the interaction of different levels of nitrogen foliar application and different growth stages, were not significant. In this experiment nitrogen foliar application increased seed yield. The highest seed yield amounted to 2466 kg/ha when 50kg/ha of foliar nitrogen applied at vegetative growth stage and lowest seed yield amounted to 1295 kg/ha in the control treatment at the stage of podding. In general, results demonstrated that 50 kg/ha treatment could be considered as the best management option of nitrogen foliar application for soybean at vegetative growth stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Effect of Foliar Application of Iron on Growth, Nodulation and Quantity and Quality of Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Hamedan
Javad Hamzei Mohsen Seyedi Afshar Azadbakht Ayob FesahatThis research was carried out at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University for two growing seasons (2011-2012). The aim of research was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron on growth, nodulation and quantity and quality of chickpe MoreThis research was carried out at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University for two growing seasons (2011-2012). The aim of research was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron on growth, nodulation and quantity and quality of chickpea yield in Hamedan. A randomized complete block design with three replications and seven treatments were used (T1: control; non-foliar application, T2: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering stage, T3: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering stage, T4: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at podding stage, T5: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at podding stage, T6: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages and T7: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages). The effect of treatments on the most traits was significant. Based on means comparisons, lower values for traits like number of pods per plant, number of grain per plant, 1000-seed weight, biological and seed yields, number and dry weight of root nodules and iron content of seed and protein percent were obtained from control (non-foliar application) and foliar application 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages treatments. The highest biological yield (329 g.m-2), seed yield (152 g.m-2) protein percent (27.85%) were obtained from treatment of foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages. Therefore, foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano-iron chelate in both flowering and podding stages produced the highest root nodulation, agronomic indices and seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The Effect of Zinc Sulfate Different Amount Soil and Foliar Application on Correlated Grain Characters in Sweet Corn
J. Mahmoodi, M. YarniaThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects different concentrations of zinc sulfate applications at different growth stages on sweet corn at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2012. The study was conducte MoreThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects different concentrations of zinc sulfate applications at different growth stages on sweet corn at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz branch in 2012. The study was conducted in split plot experiment based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments were seven levels of zinc sulfate application methods: (control, soil application, foliar application at 6-8 leaf growth stage, tasseling, grain filling stage, foliar application at three stages, soil application with foliar application at three stages) as main plot, three levels of foliar and soil application of zinc sulfate: (0.003, 0.005 and 0.007 for foliar application and 15, 25 and 35 kg/ha for soil application) as sub plot. Results showed that the highest grain yield correlated characters were obtained in foliar application at three stages and soil application with foliar application at three stages. In these conditions increasing of dry grain yield and ear were more than 50%. The higher values for grain production were obtained in Zn foliar application with 0.005 concentration (25 kg/ha soil application). Zinc sulfate increased Zn content of grains produced more than 100%. Thus, using Zn not only increases sweet corn grain and ear yield but also increased quality of products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Response of Yield, Yield Components, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) to Supplemental Nitrogen Application under Salinity Stress Conditions in Optimum and Delayed Planting Date
Azam Yousefi Mohammad Armin Matin Jami MoeiniIn saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cu MoreIn saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cultivation, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was done in Sabzevar Islamic Azad University in 2017-2018. Factors were: planting date (optimum and late) and nitrogen levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg.ha-1) as a foliar application on the bolling stage as Urea form. Delayed planting reduced the number of bolls per plant (6.59 %), boll weight (17.33%), seed cotton yield (14.70 %), nitrogen uptake efficiency (23.2 %), and nitrogen use efficiency (11.32 %) compared to optimum cultivation. Foliar application of 7.5 kg N.ha-1increased the number of bolls per plant (67.6%), boll weight (47.2%), seed cotton yield (73.2%), nitrogen uptake efficiency (45.1%), and nitrogen use efficiency (41.2%) compared to control. Sprayed due to lack of solution. The highest plant height, number of reproductive branches, lint percentage, lint yield, and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in optimum planting date and foliar application of 7.5 kgN.ha-1were obtained which was not significantly different from foliar spraying of 5 kgN.ha-1. Nitrogen foliar application could not improve the negative effects of planting delay on yield and yield components of cotton. In general, the results of this experiment showed that the best seed cotton yield can be achieved by planting at the optimum date and spraying 5 kg of nitrogen as a supplement at the beginning of the bolling stage that increases the efficiency of cotton nitrogen consumption in saline conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Top-dressing of Potassium Fertilizers on Safflower
Neginsadat Amir Khalili Alidad Amiri Behzadi Esmaeil Babakhanzadeh SajiraniTo determine the effects of potassium foliar application (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium sulphate source and top-dressing application of potassium fertilizer (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium chloride source on number of seeds per capit MoreTo determine the effects of potassium foliar application (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium sulphate source and top-dressing application of potassium fertilizer (with two levels, use and non-use) from potassium chloride source on number of seeds per capitulum, number of side branch per plant, seed yield, seed oil content, oil yield, seed to coat ratio, plant height and shoot dry weight in three safflower, genotypes including KW.2, Padideh and Goldasht a factorial experiment based on the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications, was conducted during 2013 growing season at the Agricultural Research Center of Semnan province (Shahroud). Results showed that the highest average of number of seeds per capitulum (28.70), number of side branch per plant (17.83) and seed to coat ratio (1.47) were found in KW.2 genotype. The highest seed yield (2627.7 kg/ha) and oil yield (1350.5 kg/ha) were found from potassium sulphate foliar application in Padideh and KW.2 genotypes respectively. The interaction effect of genotype × potassium foliar application was significant for seed and oil yields. In conclusion, it was determined that potassium sulphate foliar application has better impacts on seed and oil yield of safflower genotypes than potassium top-dressing application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Utilization of Micronutrients in Dorotti Sugar-beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Cultivar
Saeid Soleymani Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari TabriziMicronutrients have an important role in growth and yield of plants. This investigatin was carried out to evaluate effect of foliar applications of three micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) at different times (4-6 and 8-10 leaf stage) with three replication on sugar beet. Ba MoreMicronutrients have an important role in growth and yield of plants. This investigatin was carried out to evaluate effect of foliar applications of three micronutrients (Fe, Mn and Zn) at different times (4-6 and 8-10 leaf stage) with three replication on sugar beet. Based on results obtained all of the micronutrients used increased sugar beet sugar yield. Highest root yield was obtained by using 9 % of micronutrients at 4-6 leaf stage, but other concentrations did not have any effect on sugar beet yield. All of the three micronutrient concentrations increased root yield significantly. Application of 6% concentration increased root yield by 15.6 %. Mn application did not have any effect on sugar yield. 9 % concentration of Zn foliar application increased sugar yield by 16.4 %, and application of 6 and 9% of Fe increased sugar yield by 18.6 and 36 % respectively. Sugar percent did not changed by Mn application, but high concentrations of Fe and Zn at 8-10 leaf stage increased it. Highest increase in sugar percent obtained by using Fe 9 % foliar appliction. Because of economical importance of sugar and root yield, foliar application of 9 % of Fe and Zn at 8-10 leaf stage will be suitable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Evaluation of Yield and Yield Components of Maize by Foliar Application of Salicylic Acid
Mahmood Tohidi Rahim FalahiTo study the effect of salicylic acid concentrations and foliar application times on yield and yield components of maize in the northern Khuzestan, a field experiment in 2014-2015, as factorial in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications was MoreTo study the effect of salicylic acid concentrations and foliar application times on yield and yield components of maize in the northern Khuzestan, a field experiment in 2014-2015, as factorial in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. Experimental factors were salicylic acid concentration in five levels, 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 1 Mm and foliar application times with three levels: once at 6-8 leaf stage, twice at 6-8 leaf stage and ten days after that, thrice at 6-8 leaf stage and twenty days after that. Results showed that the leaf area index, grain yield and yield components, like grain thousand weight, number of kernel rows per ear and number of kernels per row, were affected significantly by different salicylic acid concentrations and foliar application times, but the effect of salicylic acid concentration ×foliar application time interactions were not significant. Biologic yield was affected by different concentration of salicylic acid. The highest biologic yield of 18150 kg/ha related to 0.75 Mm salicylic acid concentration and lowest to control (no foliar application) with 15140 kg.ha-1, but the effect of foliar application times and their interactions were not significant. Foliar application of salicylic acid increased grain yield. The highest grain yield of 8998 kg.ha-1 related to 1 Mm concentration treatment and lowest (6897 kg.ha-1) to control (no foliar application). Highest grain yield (8592 kg.ha-1) belonged to two time foliar applications, at 6-8 leaf stage and ten days after that. The conclusion is that the application of salicylic acid could be beneficial in increasing grain yield of maize. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Effects of different organic fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Melissa officinalis L. under Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal symbiosis
Mostafa Koozehgar kaleji Mohammad Reza ArdakaniIn order to evaluate the effect of organic and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Melissa officinalis L. a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications in the form of open air pot co MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of organic and biological fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Melissa officinalis L. a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications in the form of open air pot conditions in Sari, in 2015. The factors examined included Mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae) (0 and10% of the pot volume), vermicompost (0 and 10% the pot volume), and compost tea (0 and 1.5 liter). Some characteristics such as number of flower, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium contents of aerial parts. Results showed that application of organic and mycorrhizal fertilizers had a significant impact on all measured characteristics and increased the number of flowers and fresh weight when compared with those of the control group so that the highest nitrogen concentration and the stem diameter were obtained from the combined mycorrhizal symbiosis, compost tea, and vermicomposting treatment. The triple interaction effects showed that the absence of vermicompost with compost tea, and mycorrhizal symbiosis treatments increased the fresh weight compared to the control. Results also indicated that using vermicomposting, compost tea, and mycorrhizal symbiosis through the availability of nutrients increased the yield and improved qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Melissa officinalis L.. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The effect of foliar spray of brown seaweed water extract and different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat
Azin Ghfarizadeh Sid Mansour Seyyed Nejad Abdolali Abdolali GilaniThis study was designed in order to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of brown seaweed water extract (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) at different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chamran 2). Th MoreThis study was designed in order to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of brown seaweed water extract (Nizamuddinia zanardinii) at different levels of nitrogen on some physiological, biochemical, parameters and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Chamran 2). The experiment was based on a factorial study with completely randomized design and three replications at five levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 percent) of brown seaweed water extract and three levels of nitrogen (0, 34.5 and 69 kg.hec-1). Leaf area, photosynthetic pigments, soluble carbohydrates, protein, and proline content at seedling stage and plant height, spike length, and total harvest index of plant at complete mature stage were measured. The results showed that application of brown seaweed extract led to a significant increase in the studied growth parameters in comparison with the control. Application of brown seaweed extract at concentration of 10% along with 34.5 kg.hec-1 nitrogen resulted in the highest leaf area, photosynthetic pigment content, carbohydrates, protein, plant height, spike length, and total harvest index. The maximum amount of proline was observed at concentration 20% of brown seaweed extract. According to the results, using brown seaweed extract at 10% concentration along with 34.5 kg.hec-1 nitrogen led to the maximum quality and yield of wheat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of foliar application of iron on yield, yield component, and grain protein of lentil crop
ahmad mehrabanThis research was carried out during the growing seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran in Karaj. The aim was to evaluate the effect of iron foliar application on yield, yield components, and pro MoreThis research was carried out during the growing seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran in Karaj. The aim was to evaluate the effect of iron foliar application on yield, yield components, and protein content of lentil under rain-fed conditions. A randomized complete block design with three replications and seven treatments (non-foliar application (control), 2 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering, podding and flowering + podding stages and 4 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering, podding and flowering + podding stages) were used. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of iron foliar spraying on grain yield components, biological and grain yield, harvest index, grain iron and protein content, and grain protein yield were significant. However, the effect of year of plantation was not significant on these properties. Comparison of means showed that maximum values for the number of grain per plant, 1000-seed weight and grain yield and grain protein yield, and grain iron and protein were achieved at 4 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering + podding stage treatment. However, there was no significant difference for grain yield and grain protein yield between 4 (g L-1) and 2 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering + podding stage treatments. Therefore, foliar application of nano-iron chelate at flowering + podding stages can produce the highest agronomic indices and grain yield. Alpha Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Effects of vermicomposting and compost tea on nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium yield and uptake of Mentha aquatic L. inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi Glomus moseae
Mostafa Koozehgar kaleji Mohammad Reza ArdakaniIn order to evaluate the effect of compost tea, vermicomposting (as organic fertilizers), and mycorrhizal symbiosis on Mentha aquatica yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015 in Sari MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of compost tea, vermicomposting (as organic fertilizers), and mycorrhizal symbiosis on Mentha aquatica yield and its components, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications in 2015 in Sari. The factors examined included mycorrhizal Glomus moseae (0 and 10% of the pot volume), vermicomposting (0 and 10% of the pot volume), and compost tea (at 0 and 1.5 liter). Some characteristics such as growth indices, amount of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in shoots were examined. The results of the study showed that organic fertilizers and mycorrhizal fungi had a significant impact on all measured characteristics and increased dry and fresh weight and flower diameter characteristics when compared with those of the control group so that the highest leaf area, flower diameter, and nitrogen and phosphorus contents were obtained from the mycorrhizal fungi + compost tea + vermicomposting treatment. The triple interaction effects showed that the absence of compost tea, vermicomposting and mycorrhizae symbiosis treatments increased the leaf area compared to the control. The results indicated that using vermicomposting, compost tea, and mycorrhizal symbiosis through the availability of nutrients increases the yield and improves the quantity and quality of Mentha aquatica harvest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Effect of Iron, Manganese, and Nitrogen nano-fertilizers on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars
gafar bakhtiari Masoumeh Maleki Majid Rostami­In order to investigate the effects of different nano-fertilizers of Iron, manganese, and Nitrogr on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design ( More­In order to investigate the effects of different nano-fertilizers of Iron, manganese, and Nitrogr on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in a farm in Northwestern Dehloran. Experimental factors included three cultivars of sesame (Dehloran landrace, Dashtestan 2, and Darab 1) and four levels of nano-fertilizer foliar application (control, Fe, N, and Mn). Based on the results, the interaction of cultivar × nano-fertilizer on number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seeds weight, biological yield, and harvest index were significant (p≤0.05). Carotenoids and also soluble sugars content were affected only by the foliar application of nano-fertilizers and the highest amount of carotenoids and soluble sugars was observed in iron nano-fertilizer treatment. The highest amount of biological yield (1305 g.m-2) was observed in Dashtestan 2 with manganese application whereas the lowest biological yield (357 g.m-2) was in Darab 1 with control treatment. The highest seed yield (215 g.m-2) was observed in Dashtestan 2, and the difference between this cultivar and the other cultivars was significant. Application of different nano-fertilizer had positive effects on seed yield but only the effect of manganese nano-fertilizer on this trait was significant. Manganese resulted in the highest amount of seed yield (186 g.m-2) which was significantly different from the treatment with iron fertilizer and control (123 g.m-2). Based on the findings, Dashtestan 2 is recommended as the best cultivar for plantation in the region. Also, application of Manganese nano-fertilizer had a remarkable performance in yield improvement in sesame cultivars. Therefore, manganese nano-fertilizer is recommended for nourishing sesame while more studies are suggested on the effects of this fertilizer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Investigation the role of nitric oxide on drought tolerance of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)
Omid SadeghipourDrought is one of the most important adverse environmental factors that limits crop production. Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule contributes in plant response to environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to investigate the effects of NO on drought tolerance o MoreDrought is one of the most important adverse environmental factors that limits crop production. Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule contributes in plant response to environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to investigate the effects of NO on drought tolerance of mung bean (cv. Partow), a field experiment was done in the south of Tehran in 2015. The study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 4 replications. In this experiment, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution was used as NO donor. Treatments included control, drought stress, seed treatment, foliar application at the vegetative stage, foliar application at the reproductive stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the reproductive stage, foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages, and seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages. Results showed that due to the drought stress, antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline concentrations were increased but the relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll value, leaf area index (LAI), and seed yield decreased. However, application of SNP by further increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation, reduced the MDA content while improving the RWC, chlorophyll value, LAI, and eventually the seed yield under drought stress. Among SNP application treatments, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages was the most effective, although it was not significantly difference from the other treatments including SNP foliar application at the reproductive stage. According to the findings of the study, application of NO may be recommended as a useful tool for improving drought tolerance of mung bean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of spring rapeseed varieties in winter cultivation of different plant densities under selenium treatment
mostafa zaman fashami amir hossein shiranirad mohammad reza dadashi ali khorghamiIn order to investigate the response of yield and yield components of spring rapeseed varieties in cultivation of winter to plant density under selenium treatment, a factorial experiment was carried out in split-plot randomized complete block design with three replicati MoreIn order to investigate the response of yield and yield components of spring rapeseed varieties in cultivation of winter to plant density under selenium treatment, a factorial experiment was carried out in split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications in the Research Institute of Plant Improvement and Seeds of Karaj in crop years 2014 and 2015. Plant density at three levels (40, 60, and 80 m2) and selenium at two levels including control (non-sprayed with water) and foliar application of selenium (30 gL-1 sodium) were considered in the main plots and variety at five levels (Sarigol, Hyola 401, Jacomo, Jerome, and Dalgan) were considered as subplots. Results showed that the year, plant density, selenium, variety and plant density + year, and variety + plant density had significant effects on the on number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, seed weight, and seed yield. Dalgan variety at 40 m2 density showed the highest seed weight and its seed yield was higher than other varieties. This variety showed the highest biological yield (16622.225 kg ha-1) under 40 m2 density. Also, based on the analysis of the data the highest yield in both years was obtained in treatments including spraying selenium. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on antioxidant enzyme activities of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) cultivars under water-deficit Stress
Mohammad Jahanbakhshi Mehdi Sadeghi Mahmood Tohidi Farbod Fotouhi Seyed Ali FazelzadehIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) under water-deficit stress, a field trial was performed in a split-plot design arranged in completely randomized block design MoreIn order to investigate the effect of foliar application of ascorbic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mung bean (Vigna radiate L.) under water-deficit stress, a field trial was performed in a split-plot design arranged in completely randomized block design with three replications in the Education and Research Center of Natural Resources Safiabad, Dezful during the two cultivation years (2017 and 2018). Four levels of water-deficit stress treatments were considered in the main plots (25, 50, 75, and 100% of plant water requirement) and combined treatment of foliar application of ascorbic acid in three levels (control, 10, and 20 mM) and genotype including Omidbakhsh VC6173 and Partow cultivars as subplots. The results of mean comparison showed that the highest levels of superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase were observed in water-deficit stress of 25% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. The highest activity of catalase enzyme was observed under water-deficit stress of 50% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. Also, the highest activity of guaiacol peroxidase enzyme was observed in Omidbakhsh VC6173 cultivar under water-deficit stress of 25% water requirement and no foliar application of ascorbic acid. The highest glutathione peroxidase activity was observed in VC6173 cultivar under water-deficit stress of 75% water requirement and 10 mM foliar application of ascorbic acid. Results showed that dehydration stress significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes while foliar application of ascorbic acid due to its antioxidant properties reduced the effects of stress and thus reducing the activity of antioxidant enzymes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Effect of mycorrhiza and salicylic acid on yield and physiological parameters of maize (Zea mays)
Poria Mazloom mohsen peyman younespor Morteza Sam daliri Amir Abbas Mousavi Mirkalaei Morteza Moballeghi,In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and foliar application of salicylic acid on yield and photosynthetic pigments of corn, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications during MoreIn order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and foliar application of salicylic acid on yield and photosynthetic pigments of corn, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications during two cropping years 2018-2019 in the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch. Experimental factors included mycorrhiza species (G. mosseae), (G. geosporum), and (G. intraradices) at two levels (no consumption and consumption of mycorrhiza) and salicylic acid at two levels (no consumption and consumption of 1 mM salicylic acid). Results showed that the dual effects of mycorrhiza × year and mycorrhiza × salicylic acid had a positive and significant effect on all studied traits. The highest plant height was obtained in the treatment with G. intraradices and salicylic acid. Also, 1000 grain weight, seed yield, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen contents of seeds, and chlorophyll a and b levels were higher in salicylic acid foliar treatment compared with the other treatments. In general, the results showed that mycorrhizal application with salicylic acid spray increased vegetative and reproductive growth. This enhancement is due to the increase in photosynthesis index and, consequently an increase in photosynthetic materials dedicated to the development of reproductive organs, which ultimately improves corn yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Phytochemical study and improving the essential oil yield of Cuminum cyminum L. medicinal plant by spraying the metabolic activator of pluramin and the growth regulator of bioxa under rainfed condition
Saeid Hazrati Farhad Habibzadeh Saeed Mollaei Zahra Masoumpour Parina AsgharianCumin (Cumin cyminum L.) the only cumin crop in Iran, which is rich in secondary metabolites has great economic value and is. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of growth stimulant of pluramin and bioxa on this plant, a field study was conducted as a MoreCumin (Cumin cyminum L.) the only cumin crop in Iran, which is rich in secondary metabolites has great economic value and is. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of growth stimulant of pluramin and bioxa on this plant, a field study was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications in the research farm of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan in 2017- 2018. Experimental factors included foliar application of pluramin at the concentrations of 0, 2.5 and 5 g.l-1 and bioxa at the levels of 0, 5 and 10 ml.l-1. The essential oil was extracted using hydro-distillation method in Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. The effect of foliar application of pluramin on 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per umbel and essential oil yield and the effect of foliar application of bioxa on plant height, number of seeds per umbel and content and yield of essential oil were significant. The interaction of experimental factors on the number of seeds per umbel, content and yield of essential oil was significant. Comparison of means showed that the highest content and yield of essential oil with a significant difference belonged to the foliar application of 10 ml.l-1 bioxa; after that, spraying 2.5 g.l-1 of pluramin produced the highest content of essential oil. The major compounds identified in all treatments included 3-carn-10-al, para-cement, p-comic aldehyde, gamma-terpinene, beta-pinene and 2-carn-10-al. The highest essential oil yield was obtained from foliar application of 10 ml.l-1 bioxa, which was significantly different from the other levels of foliar application. That is, simultaneous foliar application increased this compound. The highest amount of para-cymene, gamma-terpinene and beta-pinene was obtained by spraying 10 ml.l-1 bioxa and the lowest amount of these compounds were obtained by spraying 5 g.l-1 pluramin and 5 ml.l-1 bioxa. Overall, the results showed that foliar application of growth stimulants of pluramin and bioxa can improve the yield and composition of cumin essential oil under the rainfed conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Effect of citral and geranial foliar application on quantity and quality of secondary metabolites of Lippia citriodora Kunth.
Hassan NourafcanBiotransformation is the process of converting an inert precursor into the medicinally valuable product. In this research, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of artificial citral and geranial spraying in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 pp MoreBiotransformation is the process of converting an inert precursor into the medicinally valuable product. In this research, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of artificial citral and geranial spraying in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm, besides distilled water and without spraying (control) on essential oils quality and quantity of lemon verbena with in greenhouse conditions at Islamic Azad University – Miyaneh Branch, Iran in 2015. The first foliar application was done when the plantlets reached the height of 25. The second and the third spraying were done with 7 and 14 days span after the first spraying respectively. One week after the last spraying, lemon verbena leaves were harvested. The essential oils were extracted from the leaves by hydro distillation method by using Clevenger apparatus. Citral and geranial especially in low concentrations (100 ppm) and distilled water spraying had positive effect in essential oils yield. The chemical composition of essential oils was analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. On the whole, 21 components were identified and the most important components were limonene, geranial and neral. Citral and geranial spraying especially in high concentrations increased limonene content and the highest limonene content was in geranial 500 ppm and citral 400 ppm in the amount of 28.24 and 24.54%, respectively. Also, the lowest limonene content was 17.83% in control. However, citral and geranial spraying had not positive effect on neral and geranial content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Evaluation of quantity and quality of Linum usitatissimum L. fatty acids under the influence of boric acid, salicylic acid, and urea foliar application during the day
mahtab pouyanfar Naser Mohebalipour Hassan Nourafcan Ali FaramarziLinum usitatissimum L. is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world and moreover, its oil is a valuable source of essential fatty acids composed of omega-3 such as alpha-linolenic acid. This plant is sensitive to fertilizer that is poured near the stem. There MoreLinum usitatissimum L. is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world and moreover, its oil is a valuable source of essential fatty acids composed of omega-3 such as alpha-linolenic acid. This plant is sensitive to fertilizer that is poured near the stem. Therefore, foliar application of nutrients is used as an efficient method with a major impact on the growth, quantity and quality of active ingredients in this product. This factorial experiment was performed based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in the Medicinal Plants Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch, during 2019 to assess the effect of foliar application of different concentrations of boric acid, salicylic acid and urea at different hours of the day on increasing the quantity and quality of essential fatty acids. Treatments were applied at ten-day intervals in three periods after the beginning of flowering and the final harvest was performed to extract the oil with N-hexane solvent after capsule maturity. The percentage of fatty acid profile of flaxseed oil were determined using GC and GC-MS connected to mass spectrometer. Based on the results, the foliar application 50 mg/l salicylic acid on the percentage of alpha-linolenic acid and 3 liters of boric acid on linoleic acid after sunset, and 100 mg/l salicylic acid on eicosadienoic acid before sunrise and 5 g/l urea on palmitoleic acid after sunset were effective. Therefore, a combination of environmental effects on the plant before and during foliar application and plant physiology during and after uptake determines the effect of foliar application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Evaluation of the foliar application effect of salicylic acid on the morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of the essential oil from Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. under deficit irrigation conditions
َAzam Shaykh Samani Prof. Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Mmehrab Yadegari F. RajabzadehCultivation of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. in dry conditions requires the use of novel methods to obtain the highest yield of the effective medicinal substances. This investigation was done to investigate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) at 1 mM o MoreCultivation of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. in dry conditions requires the use of novel methods to obtain the highest yield of the effective medicinal substances. This investigation was done to investigate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) at 1 mM on the morpho-physiological and phytochemical traits of S. bachtiarica under water deficit conditions during two experimental years (2017-2018 and 2018-2019) in Shahrekord, Iran. The experiment was performed as a factorial in a CRBD with three replications, which irrigation treatment in two levels [normal irrigation (irrigation after draining 30% F.C.) and deficit irrigation (irrigation after draining 50% F.C.)], and the foliar application at two levels (control and SA) were considered. The essential oil from the aerial parts of the herb was extracted by water distillation and analyzed by GC/MS. The content of chlorophyll a, b and total at 663 and 645 nm, carotenoids at 470 nm and the content of proline at 520 nm were determined using a spectrophotometer. According to the results, water deficit stress caused the physiological and phytochemical changes in S. bachtiarica. As the amount of proline (139%), chlorophyll a (57%), b (46%) and total (55%), the essential oil content (7%) and carvacrol as the major compound (7%) increased under water deficit stress. The highest values of the essential oil content (1.67% v/w), the concentrations of carvacrol (45.7%) and p-cymene (18.6%) were obtained under deficit irrigation under SA. The maximum levels of thymol and β-caryophyllene were achieved from the herbs under deficit irrigation as well as SA foliar application. Totally, SA as a defense factor reduced the negative effects of deficit irrigation conditions on most of the evaluated traits. In conclusion, the foliar-spraying of salicylic acid is recommended for stabilize of the quantity and quality of the active substance yield of S. bachtiarica under water deficit stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Effect of foliar application of urea and salicylic acid on morphological traits and phytochemical compounds of Physalis alkekengi L.
Ali Pezeshki Hassan Nourafcan Mehdi Oraei Naser Mohebalipour Asad AsadiPhysalis alkekengi L. belongs to the Solanacae family and its fruit is widely used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as kidney and urinary tract stones, gout and hepatitis. Since the use of biostimulants in agriculture can be effective in improving the quan MorePhysalis alkekengi L. belongs to the Solanacae family and its fruit is widely used in traditional medicine to treat diseases such as kidney and urinary tract stones, gout and hepatitis. Since the use of biostimulants in agriculture can be effective in improving the quantity and quality of active ingredients of medicinal plants and improving their yield, in this study, to evaluate the effect of salicylic acid and urea foliar application on morphological characteristics and phytochemical composition of this plant an experiment in a completely randomized design in research greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch in 2019 was conducted. Spraying salicylic acid (0.001, 0.0025, 0.005 and 0.01 mM) and urea (0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2%) was applied in three stages with an interval of 10 days in three repetitions. Extraction was performed simultaneously with harvest (mid-September) by soaking method and the amount of phytochemical compounds in the shoot was determined using HPLC. Based on the results of variance analysis, the effect of foliar application on all morphological traits of shoots (except leaf width), root morphological traits and yield traits was significant. Increasing the concentration of urea and salicylic acid in most of the measured traits showed a positive effect. The highest increase in the mentioned traits was mainly related to the concentrations of 1% and 2% urea and salicylic acid 0.01 mM. Compared to the control, concentrations of 1% urea and 0.01 mM salicylic acid increased the number of fruits (76.8% and 64.6%, respectively), fruit diameter (17.3% and 25.7%, respectively), fruit length (15.07 and 33.4%, respectively), fresh weight of shoots (29.9 and 56.4%, respectively) and dry weight of shoots (28.4 and 61.4%, respectively). In addition, with increasing salicylic acid concentration the amount of luteolin, quercetin, campferol, ferulic acid and chlorogenic acid increased compared to the control treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Evaluation of L- phenylalanine foliar application and non-chemical nutritional treatments on growth characteristics and essential oil of Salvia officinalis L. under different levels of irrigation
Safoura Hasan Abadi Mohammad Reza Ardakani Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti Farzad Paknejad Davood HabibiDrought stress is a major environmental concern worldwide that limits crop growth on a large scale, and the use of biofertilizers and amino acid spraying is important to overcome this issue to improve crop production. For this purpose, a two-year study was conducted on MoreDrought stress is a major environmental concern worldwide that limits crop growth on a large scale, and the use of biofertilizers and amino acid spraying is important to overcome this issue to improve crop production. For this purpose, a two-year study was conducted on Salvia officinalis L. in the form of split-split plots in a randomized complete block design with four replications in a farm located in Kangavar city of Kermanshah province. The treatments of this experiment were Irrigation at two levels [50 and 100% of field capacity (F.C.)] which was placed in the main plots. The sub-factor included biofertilizer with three levels (control, mycorrhiza and cow manure) in the subplots and the sub-factor included foliar application of L-phenylalanine at four levels [no foliar application (negative control), solution spraying with distilled water (positive control), spraying with concentrations of 25% and 50% L-phenylalanine]. The highest amount and yield of essential oil were related to the interaction effects of irrigation treatments of 100% field capacity + cattle manure + 50% of L-phenylalanine with amounts of 3.5% and 24.41 kg/ha, respectively. In addition, the interaction effects of irrigation treatments were 100% field capacity + mycorrhiza + 50% L-phenylalanine with values 3.6% and 23.65 kg/ha, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - تأثیر کاربرد متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea L) در منطقه کرج
محمدتقی خسروی علی مهرآفرین حسنعلی نقدی بادی رضا حاجی آقایی اسماعیل خسرویمقدمه و هدف: سرخارگل( .Echinacea purpurea L ) گیاهی علفی و پایا از تیره ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) می­باشد. از خواص مهم این گیاه می توان به تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن در مقابل بیماری­ها اشاره کرد. در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول­پاشی متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سر Moreمقدمه و هدف: سرخارگل( .Echinacea purpurea L ) گیاهی علفی و پایا از تیره ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) می­باشد. از خواص مهم این گیاه می توان به تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن در مقابل بیماری­ها اشاره کرد. در این پژوهش تأثیر محلول­پاشی متانول و اتانول بر عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل بررسی و مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته است.روش تحقیق: این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با 15 تیمار و 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل محلول­های آبی متانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50% حجمی)، اتانول (10، 20، 30، 40 و 50% حجمی)، مخلوط یکسان متانول و اتانول (5، 15 و 25% حجمی)، تیمار آب مقطر و تیمار شاهد (بدون محلول­پاشی) بود.نتایج و بحث: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که اثر تیمارها در 23 شاخص مورد ارزیابی دارای تفاوت معنی داری (p<0.01) بودند. بیشترین عملکرد شاخص­های مورفولوژیکی ارتفاع بوته، قطر ساقه، تعداد برگ در ساقه، طول برگ، عرض برگ، وزن تر ریشه، وزن تر گیاه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، وزن خشک گیاه، طول ریشه و قطر کاپیتول مربوط به محلول پاشی با محلول 40% متانول می باشد و بیشترین عملکرد انشعابات ساقه، انشعابات ریشه، شاخص سطح برگ و میزان کلروفیل با محلول پاشی با متانول 30% به دست آمد و هم­چنین وزن تر کاپیتول، وزن خشک کاپیتول و وزن بذر با محلول پاشی با محلول متانول50% به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان عملکرد قطر ریشه و وزن هزاردانه با محلول اتانول 50% به دست آمد و در نهایت بیشترین میزان تعداد گل مربوط به محلول پاشی با اتانول 40% می باشد. به طور کلی در این تحقیق می­توان استنباط نمود که محلول­پاشی الکل­هایی نظیر متانول و اتانول به عنوان یک منبع کربنی و محرک زیستی می­تواند باعث افزایش بیوماس و عملکرد گیاه دارویی سرخارگل شود.توصیه های کاربردی: با توجه به اهمیت گیاه دارویی سرخارگل در صنایع داروسازی و نیز نتایج مطلوب این گیاه بر روی تقویت سیستم دفاعی بدن و درمان بیماری­های عفونی و ویروسی می­توان این گیاه را از جمله گیاهان مهم به شمار آورد. از این­رو کاربرد مواد بی­خطر برای سلامتی انسان در تولید این گیاه ضروری به نظر می­رسد که از جمله این مواد می­توان به الکل­ها به عنوان ماده ای بی خطر و پر بازده و روشی نوین در تولید و عملکرد این گیاه اشاره کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The feasibility for replacement of urea with nitrogen nano-chelated fertilizer in olive (Olea europaea L.) orchards
Zohre Rohi Vishekaii Ali Soleimani Mahmood Ghasemnezhad Akbar Hasani -
Open Access Article
51 - Morpho-physiological and biochemical properties of Carum copticum (L.): effects of salicylic acid
Shahnaz Fathi Sharareh Najafian -
Open Access Article
52 - Potential benefits of foliar application of chitosan and Zinc in tomato
Azam Salimi Zahra Oraghi Ardebili Maryam Salehibakhsh -
Open Access Article
53 - Quantitative and qualitative performance of Froriepia subpinnata as affected by mycorrhizal symbiosis, compost tea, and vermicompost
mostafa koozehgar M. Reza Ardakani -
Open Access Article
54 - The effects of glycine betaine and L-arginine on biochemical properties of pot marigold (calendula officinalis L.) under water stress
Fatemeh Sadat Feiz Leila Hakimi Amir Mousavi Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi -
Open Access Article
55 - Growth, essential oil yield and components of summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.) influenced by Salicylic acid and Proline
Mahboube Pourghadir Seyed Abbas Mirjalili Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand Pezhman Moradi -
Open Access Article
56 - Evaluating the effects of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on morpho-physiological traits of valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) in aeroponic system.
Majid Rostami Zahra Movahedi -
Open Access Article
57 - اثر عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره بر رشد دراسنا مارژیناتا
علی محبوب خمامیاین مطالعه اثر عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره (عصاره آبی) را بر عملکرد و کیفیت شیمیایی دراسنا مارژیناتا رقم سه رنگ مورد بررسی قرار داد، که در طی آن گیاه تحت تاثیر چهار غلظت محلول عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره (0، 250، 500 و 1000 پی پی ام) پرورش داده شد. عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره Moreاین مطالعه اثر عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره (عصاره آبی) را بر عملکرد و کیفیت شیمیایی دراسنا مارژیناتا رقم سه رنگ مورد بررسی قرار داد، که در طی آن گیاه تحت تاثیر چهار غلظت محلول عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره (0، 250، 500 و 1000 پی پی ام) پرورش داده شد. عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره با استفاده از روش استخراج بدون هوادهی، با نسبت حجمی1:10 از ورمی کمپوست خاک اره با آب تهیه شده و سه بار با فاصله دو هفته ای روی گیاهان دراسنا مارژیناتا اسپری شد. عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره نسبت به شاهد مواد معدنی مانند نیتروژن (36/2%)، فسفر (42/0%)، پتاسیم (31/2%)، کلسیم (76/2%) و منیزیم (23/0%) را در گیاهان بهبود بخشید. اختلاف در عملکرد و کیفیت شیمیایی گیاهان در تیمارها تا حد زیادی از طریق تفاوت در جذب ازت در بافت و تجمع ماده خشک توضیح داده می شود. هنگامی که عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره بر روی گیاهان دارسنا مارژیناتا اسپری شد، رشد قابل توجهی در گیاهان مشاهده شد. سه بار اسپری عصاره ورمی کمپوست با غلظت 1000پی پی ام بیشترین تاثیر را بر عملکرد دراسنا مارژیناتا نشان داد. گیاهان کشت شده در گلدان که با 1000 پی پی ام عصاره استخراج شده از ورمی کمپوست اسپری شده بودند، بیشترین ارتفاع (33/15 سانتی متر)، تعداد برگ (00/53)، وزن تر ساقه (00/66 گرم) و وزن خشک ساقه (90/13 گرم) را نسبت به تیمار شاهد( 05/0 (P < داشتند. بنابراین برای به دست آوردن عملکرد بالاتر دراسنا باید مورد پذیرش قرار گیرد. این مطالعه نشان داده که عصاره ورمی کمپوست خاک اره می تواند تاثیر مثبت بر عملکرد گیاه داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - بررسی کاربرد اسید هیومیک بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی رز مینیاتور
پروین طالبی Zohreh Jabbarzadehدر سال های اخیر، استفاده بیش از حد از کودهای شیمیایی و کمبود مواد آلی سبب کاهش میزان ماده آلی خاک در ایران شده است. افزایش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی سبب ایجاد مسائل زیست محیطی نظیر تخریب فیزیکی خاک و به هم خوردن تعادل غذایی خاک شده است. از این رو در حال حاضر، Moreدر سال های اخیر، استفاده بیش از حد از کودهای شیمیایی و کمبود مواد آلی سبب کاهش میزان ماده آلی خاک در ایران شده است. افزایش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی سبب ایجاد مسائل زیست محیطی نظیر تخریب فیزیکی خاک و به هم خوردن تعادل غذایی خاک شده است. از این رو در حال حاضر، کاربرد کودهای آلی افزایش می یابد. به منظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد اسید هیومیک بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی رز مینیاتور رقم هفت رنگ، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو فاکتور غلظت اسید هیومیک در چهار سطح (0، 500، 1000 و 2000 میلی گرم در لیتر) و نحوه کاربرد آن به دو شیوه (کاربرد خاکی و محلولپاشی برگی) 5 بار با فاصله 15 روز یکبار با 3 تکرار و 2 مشاهده انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اسید هیومیک سبب افزایش میزان آنتوسیانین و قندهای محلول برگ ها شد. محلولپاشی برگی 500 میلی گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک، به طور معنی داری میزان کلروفیل و فتوسنتز را افزایش داد. همچنین محلولپاشی برگی با 1000 میلی گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک، میزان قندهای محلول را بیش از سایر تیمارها افزایش داد. اسید هیومیک تاثیر معنی داری بر شاخص سطح برگ و وزن تر ریشه ها داشت. در مجموع به نظر می رسد تغذیه گیاهان با اسید هیومیک سبب بهبود ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گل رز مینیاتور گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار تحت تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیکی فسفر و روی
فرزاد جلالی داود نادریکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P1 Moreکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P13 (تلقیح بذر، استفاده از کود زیستی 2، 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه و عدم تلقیح بذر به عنوان تیمار شاهد) و محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 (شاهد، 1، 2، و 3 گرم بر لیتر) بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه و وزن تر گل در گیاهان تحت تیمار تلقیح بذر با کود بیولوژیک فسفر × 2 گرم بر لیتر سولفات روی و همچنین در گیاهان تحت تیمار با کود زیستی در 2 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین وزن خشک گل و درصد آنتوسیانین تحت تیمار کاربرد کود زیستی در 2 و 4 هفته بعد از سبز شدن گیاه × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 بدست آمد. بیشترین مقدار فسفر در تیمار کود زیستی 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 2 و 1 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این، بیشترین مقدار عنصر روی تحت شرایط کاربرد کود زیستی در 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه × محلول­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4به­دست آمد. در مقابل، کمترین مقادیر در اکثر پارامترها تحت کاربرد سطوح مختلف کاربرد زیستی × عدم محلول­پاشی ZnSO4 و محلول­­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. بنابراین محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 و کاربرد خاکی کودهای حل کننده فسفات می­تواند بر صفات بیوشیمیایی و مورفولوژیک گیاه همیشه بهار موثر باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی با کاربرد خارجی اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک بر ختمی (Alcea rosea)
تکتم اورعی محمود شور علی تهرانی فر حسین نعمتیتنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی است که رشد گیاهان زینتی را در فضای سبز محدود می­سازد. اثر اسپرمیدین و سالسیلیک اسید بر ختمی تحت تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در ابتدا، گیاهان با چهار غلظت اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک (شاهد، 100، 200 و 400 میکرومولار) در سه روز متو Moreتنش خشکی یکی از مهمترین عوامل محیطی است که رشد گیاهان زینتی را در فضای سبز محدود می­سازد. اثر اسپرمیدین و سالسیلیک اسید بر ختمی تحت تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در ابتدا، گیاهان با چهار غلظت اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک (شاهد، 100، 200 و 400 میکرومولار) در سه روز متوالی اسپری شدند، و سپس به مدت دو هفته تحت تنش خشکی (80، 60 و 40% ظرفیت زراعی) قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی تا 40 % ظرفیت زراعی سبب افزایش نشت الکترولیت، پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز در مقایسه با گیاهان شاهد شد. همچنین کاربرد 100 میکرومولار اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک در بین غلظت­های مختلف به­طور معنی­داری سبب کاهش نشت الکترولیت و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و افزایش محتوای نسبی آب، پرولین، پروتئین، فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، تعداد گل و سطح برگ شد، اما غلظت­های بالاتر (400 میکرومولار) بی اثر و یا اثرات بازدارنده داشتند. تیمار با 100 میکرومولار اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک سبب افزایش مقاومت به تنش خشکی (تا 40 % ظرفیت زراعی) با کاهش نشت الکترولیت (5 %) و افزایش محتوای نسبی آب (11 و 9%)، مقدار پرولین (31 و 21 %)، شاخص کلروفیل (18 و 5 %) و وزن خشک (3 %) در مقایسه با گیاهان تیمار نشده تحت تنش خشکی 40 % ظرفیت زراعی شد. ختمی به­طور شدید تحت تنش خشکی آسیب می­بیند، اما کاربرد اسپرمیدین و اسید سالسیلیک سبب افزایش محتوای نسبی آب، پرولین و پروتئین در گیاهان تحت تنش خشکی شد. کاربرد اسپرمیدین و اسید سالیسیلیک می­تواند به­عنوان یک تمرین اقتصادی برای افزایش عملکرد ختمی در شرایط کمبود آب در نظر گرفته شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - واکنش گل صدفی (Gypsophila paniculata) تحت تاثیر آمیزه ها و مقادیر مختلف کودهای غیرآلی
انریکه ای بیناس جی آر نوآ دی مارویا الن ال تنداسینگگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عمل Moreگل صدفی در گلکاری ارزش خاصی دارد و برای صادرات به چندین کشور مدنظر است. برای حفظ عملکرد گل صدفی در سطح مطلوب می­ بایست مدیریت تغذیه مطلوبی با کاربرد منابع تغذیه ­ای مطلوب در راستای گلدهی گیاهان زینتی گلدار، انجام شود. بنابراین این مطالعه برای دستیابی به رشد، عملکرد و بازگشت سرمایه در گل صدفی با استفاده از آمیزه­ ها و مقادیر کودهای غیرآلی انجام شد. مساحت 100/8 مترمربع به 5 بلوک 4×4 متر برای اجرای آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح RCBD آماده شد. تیمارها به قرار زیر بودند: فاکتور A (آمیزه ­های کودی) شامل: C0: بدون آمیزه کودی؛ C1: عصاره گیاهی تخمیر شده به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی؛ C2: عصاره تخمیر شده میوه به نسبت 2 درصد حجمی و C3: فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 درصد حجمی. فاکتور B (کود غیرآلی) شامل: F0: بدون کود؛ F1: 60-60-90 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F2: 30-30-45 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار؛ F3: 15-15-25 (N-P2O5-K2O) در هکتار. آمیزه و مقدار کودی 15-15-25 از نظر ارتفاع بوته 28 روز بعد از کاشت برتری معنی ­داری داشت. فسفات کلسیم به نسبت 5 % حجمی و 15-15-25 (T15) بهترین ترکیب تیماری برای افزایش ارتفاع گل صدفی 28 روز پس از کاشت بودند، البته همه کودها نسبت به شاهد از نظر تولید پاجوش، گل و گل­ های بازارپسند به مدت 3 ماه شبیه شاهد بودند. بنابراین می­ توان گفت از نظر بازگشت سرمایه، بیلان منفی بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - بررسی امکان تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی خاک با پتاسیم در سطوح مختلف کوددهی پتاسه (مطالعه موردی: گل آهار)
مریم مرعشی بهاره یاراحمدییکی از موضوعات مهم در مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی، عملکرد مناسب محصول در شرایط تنش های محیطی است. طبعا در کشور خشک ایران، کمبود رطوبت یکی از چالشهای اصلی کشاورزی است. تغذیه مناسب گیاه میتواند اثرات تنش خشکی را تعدیل نماید. برای بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گیاه از آهار به Moreیکی از موضوعات مهم در مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی، عملکرد مناسب محصول در شرایط تنش های محیطی است. طبعا در کشور خشک ایران، کمبود رطوبت یکی از چالشهای اصلی کشاورزی است. تغذیه مناسب گیاه میتواند اثرات تنش خشکی را تعدیل نماید. برای بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گیاه از آهار به عنوان گیاه آزمایش استفاده شد. به همین منظور رشد گیاه آهار در پاسخ به تنش خشکی خاک در سطوح مختلف کوددهی پتاسه در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور بررسی شد. فاکتور اول: سه دوره آبیاری شامل 2 روز، 4 روز، یک هفته و فاکتور دوم: چهار سطح کودی پتاسیم شامل : 1- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه،2-مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک، 3- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک + 2 بار محلولپاشی برگی و 4- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک + 4 بار محلولپاشی برگی. بستر کشت درهر گلدان نسبت 2 به1 خاک و کود حیوانی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. پس از اتمام دوره رشد، شاخصهای رویشی شامل وزن تر و خشک اندامهایهوایی، ارتفاعگیاه، تعدادشاخههای جانبی، تعدادگل، وزنگل و طول بلندترین شاخه اندازهگیری شد. بیشترین شاخصهای رشد: وزن تر و خشک اندامهوایی در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری دو روز به ترتیب برابر 2/36 و 0/33 گرم، ارتفاع گیاه در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری چهار روز برابر 43 سانتیمتر، تعداد شاخههای جانبی در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری یک برابر 8 و طول بلندترین شاخه در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری دو روز برابر 9 سانتیمتر به دست آمد. شاخصهای رشد در تیمارهای کودی بهتر از شاهد بود و این نشان داد که پتاسیم در دسترس گیاه در طول دوره رشد مقاومت گیاه را افزایش داده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - تاثیر اسید جیبرلیک و نیتروژن بر ویژگیهای خوراکی بنفشه بومی (Viola odorata) و تجاری (Viola tricolor)
ندا نکویار روح انگیز نادری داود هاشم آبادی علی محمدی ترکاشوندپرورش گلهای خوراکی از جمله بنفشه که بومی ایران است راهکاری مناسب جهت افزایش دسترسی بشر به این منابع جدید و با ارزش غذایی است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر اثر متقابل اسید جیبرلیک (GA) (0، 150 و 300 میلیگرم در لیتر) و نیتروژن (N) (0، 100 و 200 میلیگرم در لیتر) روی ویژگی Moreپرورش گلهای خوراکی از جمله بنفشه که بومی ایران است راهکاری مناسب جهت افزایش دسترسی بشر به این منابع جدید و با ارزش غذایی است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر اثر متقابل اسید جیبرلیک (GA) (0، 150 و 300 میلیگرم در لیتر) و نیتروژن (N) (0، 100 و 200 میلیگرم در لیتر) روی ویژگیهای دو گونه بنفشه (Viola tricolor and Viola odorata) بصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک و نیتروژن بطور معناداری موجب بهبود ویژگیهای خوراکی در هر دو رقم بنفشه میشود. بطوریکه بیشترین پروتئین، کاروتنوئید، آهن و روی گلبرگ در هر دو گونه بنفشه با کاربرد "GA300 × N200" بدست آمد. مقدار آنتوسیانین گلبرگ در بنفشه معطر با کاربرد "GA0 × N100" (58.32 mg 100g-1 F.W.) و در بنفشه تجاری با کاربرد "GA300 × N100" (66.84 mg 100g-1 F.W.) بیشترین مقدار بود. بنفشه تجاری از نظر سلنیوم غنیتر از بنفشه معطر بود و تیمارهای "GA300 × N200"، "GA300 × N100" و "GA150 × N200" بیشترین غلظت سلنیوم را در بنفشه تجاری بخود اختصاص دادند. در هر دو نوع بنفشه بیشترین فلاونوئید طول موجهای 300 و 330 نانومتر با کاربرد "GA300 × N200" و "GA150 × N200" بدست آمد. اما اثر تیمارها روی فلاونوئید 270 نانومتر معنیدار نبود. ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی بنفشه معطر بیشتر از بنفشه تجاری بود و بیشترین ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی در بنفشه معطر (84.83 % DPPHsc) و بنفشه تجاری (78.17 % DPPHsc) با کاربرد "GA150 × N200" حاصل شد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل، دو رقم بنفشه مورد مطالعه بهعنوان منابع موثری از پروتئین، عناصر معدنی و ترکیبات آنتیاکسیدانی معرفی میشوند. همچنین کاربرد "GA300 × N200" و "GA150 × N200"جهت بهبود ویژگیهای خوراکی این دو گونه گیاهی پیشنهاد میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Effect of Organic Media and Fertilization Method on the Yield and Nutrients Uptake of Bellis perennis L.
Fatemeh Ramezanzadeh Ali Mohammadi Torkashvand Nazanin Khakipour KhakipourIn order to investigate the effect of growth media and nutrition method on the growth of Bellis perennis L. and nutrients uptake, a factorial experiment was conducted with two factors: growth media (municipal waste compost, Azolla compost, tea wastes compost) and nutrit MoreIn order to investigate the effect of growth media and nutrition method on the growth of Bellis perennis L. and nutrients uptake, a factorial experiment was conducted with two factors: growth media (municipal waste compost, Azolla compost, tea wastes compost) and nutrition method (without fertilizer, soil application, foliar spray) in comparison to the control medium (60% soil + 20% manure + 10% composted leaves + 10% sand) based on RCD with 45 treatment and three replications. Plant growth indices during growth and after plant arvest were measured. The total nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc and manganese were measured in the shoot of plant. The results showed that the height of plant increased in medium "control, municipal waste compost, Azolla" through foliar spray and soil application of fertilizer. The growth medium "control, municipal compost and Azolla" increased plant height, shoot dry weight and flower number and uptake of nitrogen, potassium, zinc, calcium, iron and magnesium in plant shoot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Effect of Silicon on Growth and Ornamental Traits of Salt-stressed Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.)
Hassan Bayat Morteza Alirezaie Hossein Neamati Ali Abdollahi SaadabadA pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of foliage spraying of silicon (Si) on growth and ornamental characteristics of calendula grown under salt stress and greenhouse conditions. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was conduct MoreA pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of foliage spraying of silicon (Si) on growth and ornamental characteristics of calendula grown under salt stress and greenhouse conditions. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was conducted with 3 levels of Si (0, 50 and 100 mg/l) and 3 levels of NaCl (0, 100 and 200 mM) with 4 replications. At flowering stage, Si was applied with spraying two times in two week intervals. NaCl was also applied as drench (200 ml per pot) in two days interval. The results showed that salinity decreased the growth, SPAD values, flower number per plant and flower diameter. However, foliar applications of Si resulted in greater root, shoot and total dry weight, plant height and leaf area of calendula plants under salt stress. The highest SPAD values were obtained under 100 mg/l Si application in all NaCl treatments. Salinity decreased number of flower per plant and flower diameter as ornamental characteristics; however Si increased them under salinity stress. Plants treated with 100 mg/l Si had the highest flower diameter at 100 mM of NaCl. Electrolyte leakage increased by salinity, however foliar application of Si significantly reduced electrolyte leakage under salt stress. These results suggest that the negative effects of salinity on the growth and ornamental characteristics of calendula plants can ameliorate by foliar application of Si treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The effect of simultaneous application of salicylic acid and thiamine on morpho-physiological and qualitative properties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of Galaxy cultivar
Seyed Majid Jazayeri اسدی قارنه Asadi-GharnehThis experiment was conducted in factorial format and in the form of RCBD with 3 replications. The treatments used included four concentrations of salicylic acid and thiamine. Application of salicylic acid caused significant changes at 1% and 5% levels in all morphologi MoreThis experiment was conducted in factorial format and in the form of RCBD with 3 replications. The treatments used included four concentrations of salicylic acid and thiamine. Application of salicylic acid caused significant changes at 1% and 5% levels in all morphological and physiological traits except the number of flowers in the cluster, relative leaf water content, and acidity. Spraying salicylic acid on the leaves of tomatoes increased some traits such as yield, number of fruits in plant, number of bunches in plant, and compared to control plants (without application of salicylic acid). Thiamine spraying caused significant changes in most of the morpho-physiological and quality traits. Thiamine caused an increase in the traits that were significant, although this increase was influenced by the concentration of the used. The yield (4084 and 4225 kg for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine), vitamin C (42 and 51 mg/g fresh weight for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine), and lycopene (2.34 and 2.49 mg/g) fresh weight for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine) traits had the highest amount of salicylic acid and thiamine at a concentration of 100 mg/liter. Some of the traits such as yield, fruit diameter, fresh and dry weight, total acidity, phenolic acid, and vitamin C were also affected by the interaction of salicylic acid and thiamine. According to this study spraying of salicylic acid and thiamine with a concentration of 100 mg/liter will have the greatest effect on morphophysiological characteristics in Galaxy tomatoes under greenhouse conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The effect of water stress levels and selenium foliar application on some morphological characteristics of coriander
Zahra Buick mahdie mansori -
Open Access Article
68 - Assessment of Some Qualitative and Essence Percentage Traits in (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Under Urea Foliar Application and Irrigation with Purified Domestic Wastewater
Maede Modanlo -
Open Access Article
69 - The Effect of Source and Rates of Fe on Yield and components of Oil-seed Sunflower
علي زيناليTo study the effects of amount and source of Fe on the form of oil and foliar application on yield and its components in oil seed sunflower ( variety Farrokh ), an experiment was performed in 8 treatments and 3 replications in complete randomized block design in Agricul MoreTo study the effects of amount and source of Fe on the form of oil and foliar application on yield and its components in oil seed sunflower ( variety Farrokh ), an experiment was performed in 8 treatments and 3 replications in complete randomized block design in Agricultural and Natural Resource Station in Khoy, W. Azarbaijan. The tests were respectively T1 : control ( non consuming ), T2 : 10 kg per hectare land consuming FeEDTA. T3 : two – phase solution spray. T4 : two-phase 10 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. T5 : 10 kg per hectare Feso4 ×H2O land consuming. T6 : in thousand Feso4 ×H2O solution spray. T7: 10 kg per hectare Feso4 ×H2O land consuming and 5 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. T8 : 50 kg per hectare Feso4×HO land consuming and 5 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray. After the analysis of variance about characteristics under evolution, it became clear that there was a significant difference between the sprig height, chlorophyll percentage, seed number of each tray, thousand seed weight, hollow area, oil percentage, and the biological yield of different tests. The maximum percentage of oil ( 40.247 ) and number of seeds in a tray ( 696 ) and chlorophyll ( 42.85 ) were found in T3 that had used Fe solution spray ( foliar )at the rate of 5 kg per hectare in two phases of star of hand and tray seeds filling, and the maximum yield seed ( 351.3 gr) and a thousand seed weight ( 62. 567 ) was found in T8 that had used 5 kg in hectare Feso4 × H2O land consuming and 5 kg in hectare FeEDTA solution spray and the maximum hollow area was for T1 control ( non consuming ) ( 34.107 mm ) and the minimum was for T4 that had used two-phase 10 in thousand FeEDTA solution spray ( 25.10 mm ). In general, most of the tests which had used Fe solution spray were placed in upper level than other tests which used land consuming or didn't use Fe in statistical group. So, to achieve the high yields and improve the quality of sunflower, consumption of Fe is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Study of effects of sowing date, row spacing and zinc and nitrogen fertilizers on rainfed chickpea in Gonbad
Mohammad salahifarahi Mohammadreza Dadashi Hossein AjamnooroziAbstract:In order to evaluate the effect of sowing date, row spacing, foliar application of nitrogen and Zinc on yield and yield components of chickpea cv. Arman, a factorial experiment was carried arranged in an RCBD with three replications under rain-fed condition at MoreAbstract:In order to evaluate the effect of sowing date, row spacing, foliar application of nitrogen and Zinc on yield and yield components of chickpea cv. Arman, a factorial experiment was carried arranged in an RCBD with three replications under rain-fed condition at the agricultural research station of Gonbad Treatments were combination of four factors, i.e. sowing dates (Nov 6th, Dec 6th and Dec 26th), row spacing (24 and 36 centimeters), two nitrogen foliar application (without application and spraying urea at 5/1000) and zinc Levels (0 and 30 kg/ha of zinc sulphate). In this experiment, grain yield, pods per plant, seeds per pod, one-thousand seed weight were counted or calculated. The results revealed the positive effect of foliar application of nitrogen,and zinc sulphate on some phenotypic traits, seed yield and yield components of chickpea. Zinc sulphate significantly increased seed yield (1913 kg ha-1) compared to without zinc sulphate treatment (1853 kg ha-1). In addition, nitrogen foliar application significantly affected plant height and seeds per pod. Number of seeds per pod with nitrogen foliar application (1.79 seeds) was significantly higher than that of no foliar application (1.46 seeds). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Evaluating the effect of Drought stress and Micronutrients (Zinc and Manganese) on yield and yield components of Millet(Panicm miliacem)
azam gideski reza baradaranIn this decade, plants with low requirements which may contribute to human health have been increasingly considered. To investigate the effect of irrigation interval and foliar application of micronutrients on Panicum miliaceum, an experiment was conducted as split plot MoreIn this decade, plants with low requirements which may contribute to human health have been increasingly considered. To investigate the effect of irrigation interval and foliar application of micronutrients on Panicum miliaceum, an experiment was conducted as split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Sarbisheh agricultural research farm in 2012. Treatments including irrigation interval (7, 14 and 21 days) and foliar application of micronutrients in four levels (foliar application of manganese, zinc, zinc manganese and without foliar application) were assigned to main plot and sub plot, respectively. By decreasing irrigation interval to 7 days, the grain yield was increased mainly through increasing the number of grains per panicle (28% towards 21 day irrigation interval) and increasing the number of panicles per plant (25/68% towards 21 day irrigation interval). The foliar application of micronutrients improved the grain yield through enhancing grain number per panicle (23/29% towards treatment without foliar application) and enhancing panicle number per plant (15/17% towards treatment without foliar application). Findings showed that decreasing irrigation interval to 7 days and foliar application of micronutrients increased the yield and yield components of Panicum miliaceum. The maximum grain yield (222/6 grams per square meter) was under 7 day irrigation conditions and foliar application of manganese and zinc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 rootstock
Seyed m Mousavi بهروز Arabloo اکبر Gh M/ حسین زاده masoud shahmoradiThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 in an factorial trial in randomized completely block design with 3 replications. Percentage initial and final fr MoreThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of calbron and calcium chloride on some quantity and quality traits of Red, Golden delicious and Fuji apple on MM106 in an factorial trial in randomized completely block design with 3 replications. Percentage initial and final fruit drop, fruit weight, vitamin C, total soluble solids, titretable acidity, pH were determined. The results indicate that the highest effects on the initial and secondary fruit drop relating to Red delicious (18.54, 43.33%) and the lowest ones on Fuji (14.76, 39.18%). Also, increasing the amount of vitamin C in Fuji and Golden Delicious cultivars, by spraying calcium chloride was observed in comparison with control. No significant differences were found in pH and acidity in Fuji and Red Delicious with control. Spraying with calcium chloride followed the greatest impact on the amount of total soluble solid in the Fuji cultivar. The different cultivars that we used in this experiment, in addition, the presence of genetic many of the characters were different too. That showed different response to the treatments that we used. In conclusion foliar applications of calbron and calcium chloride have the greatest effect on Fuji and the lowest ones on Red delicious apple. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Effect of bio fertilizers and foliar applicationon of Nano zinc oxide on clorophyll content, grain filling period and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water limitation
RAOUF SEYED SHARIFI khadigeh babaei alireza pirzadIn order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and foliar application of nano zinc oxide on cholorophyll content, grain filling period and grain yield of wheat under water limitation, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with t MoreIn order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and foliar application of nano zinc oxide on cholorophyll content, grain filling period and grain yield of wheat under water limitation, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014. The experimental factors were included: water limitation in three levels [full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at 50% of heading booting stages], seed inoculation with PGPR: non-inoculation, inoculation with Azotobacter, Azosperilium, Pseudomonasputida) and foliar application of nano zinc oxide: non-foliar application and foliar application of nano iron oxide, nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide+ nano iron oxide). Results showed that maximum of grain weight (0.0689 g), rate grain filling (0.0019 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.63 days), effective grain filling period (34.78 days) and grain yield of per plant (1.21 g per plant) were obtained at application of Azotobacter, nano oxide of Zn+Fe and full irrigation. Minimum of traits (0.0031 g, 0.0017 g.day-1, 45.46 days, 25.39 days and 0.18 g.plant-1 respectively) were obtained in non-inoculation, non-foliar application of nano oxide and irrigation to %50 of booting stage. Based on the results, it seems that bio fertilizers and nano oxide of Zn+Fe application can be recommended for profitable wheat production under water limitation condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Effect of Salicylic Acid and Fertile Phosphate 2 Biofertilizer on Yield and Essence of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill)
Aida Farhangi Moosa ArshadTo study the response of some morphological traits, yield and essence of fennel, to foliar application of salicylic acid and phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers, an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Branch of Malekan in 2013. The experimental MoreTo study the response of some morphological traits, yield and essence of fennel, to foliar application of salicylic acid and phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers, an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Branch of Malekan in 2013. The experimental was conducted as randomized complete blocks with three replications. The factors was included foliar application of salicylic acid at three concentrations (non-foliar and foliar application of 30 and 60 mmol/lit), and fertile phosphate 2 (non-inoculation and inoculation). Results showed that foliar application of salicylic acid with biofertilizer had significant effects on traits including plant height, shoot dry matter, grains per plant, thousand grain weight, grain yield, harvest index and yield essential oil. The highest grains per plant (2274), plant height (63.6 cm), percentage of essential oil (3.24%) and yield essential oil (0.96 g/plant) were obtained with application of 60 mmol/lit salicylic acid. Also the highest grain yield (3215.6 kg/ha), grains per plant (2215), plant height (63.18 cm) and yield essential oil (0.85 g/plant) were achieved with application of fertile phosphate 2. It seems that application of salicylic acid and fertile phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers due to the improvement of some traits such as grain yield, essence and grains per plant can be recommended for profitable fennel production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Effect of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield of ratoon rice (var. Tarom)
M. Joukar M. Nasiri N. Kheyri M. HabibiIn order to study the effects of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizers on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of ratoon rice (var. Tarom), a field experiment was conducted as split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replic MoreIn order to study the effects of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizers on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of ratoon rice (var. Tarom), a field experiment was conducted as split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replicaties in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Deputy of Mazandaran in 2010. Treatments were time of liquid fertilizers application in three levels T1: Tillering+ Heading, T2: Heading+ Flowering and T3: Tillering+ Heading+ Flowering as main plot and type of liquid fertilizer in seven levels F1: Potassium biofull, F2: Phosphorus biofull, F3: Growth fertilizer of specific for rice, F4: Zinc of mehrvarzan, F5: Microfull of mehrvarzan, F6: Potassium biofull + Phosphorus biofull and F7: Control and no fertilizer application as sub plot. Results showed that the time of fertilizer application had no significant effect on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of grain. The type of liquid fertilizer had a significant effect on tiller number per hill, shell percentage, grain length after cooking and amylose content. The interaction effect between type and time of liquid fertilizer application on grain length after cooking was significant. The maximum tiller number was obtained with Potassium biofull+Phosphorus biofull application. The lowest shell percentage (18.67%) and the highest amylose content (21.56%) were obtained with phosphorus biofull application. The longest grain after cooking was obtained with phosphorus biofull application in time of tillering+heading with 12.97 mm. It seems that, the phosphorus biofull was considered as the best fertilizer for increasing the quality of ratoon rice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - The survey of zeolite application and manganese on yield, oil content and seed glucosinolate rapeseed cultivars in different irrigation regimes
Hossein Bagheri Farhad Farahvash مرتضی سام دلیری مهرداد یارنیا امیر حسین شیرانی رادIn order to study the effect of zeolite super absorbent and manganese, on morpho-physiological traits of rapeseed cultivars in different irrigation treatment, an experiment was performed during two years of 2012-13 and 2013-14, as factorial split plot design on the base MoreIn order to study the effect of zeolite super absorbent and manganese, on morpho-physiological traits of rapeseed cultivars in different irrigation treatment, an experiment was performed during two years of 2012-13 and 2013-14, as factorial split plot design on the base of completely randomized block design with three replicates in research farm of Shahryar. Irrigation factor was included three levels, irrigation on the base of 40, 60 and 80 % discharge of irrigation, zeolite factor was included two levels of zero and 15 (ton/ha), manganese factor (manganese sulfate) was included two levels of 0 and 3(g/1000), as factorial were set in the main plots and cultivar factor in four levels including SLM046, Talayeh, Modena and Opera were set in subsidiary plots. Results indicated that applying zeolite in the soil and foliar manganese and increasing the irrigation of the soil, lead to increase the grain yield (6324 kg.ha-1) and seed oil contect (46.5 %). Maximum amount of seed yield in normal irrigation was achieved by application of zeolite in the soil and foliar manganese. Applying manganese and zeolite decreases the amount of seed glucosinolate in different irrigation treatments. Maximum amount of the seed glucosinolate was achieved in normal irrigation condition (16.5 mg/g) by Opera cultivar. With the respect to the low yield in arid and semiarid areas , it is recommended that due to increasing the yield, mineral zeolite in the soil and foliar manganese in different cultivars be used in order to increasing efficiency of the irrigation and yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Effect of bio fertilizers and nano zinc on yield and yield components of maize(Zea mays L.).
Arash Roozbahani mahsa zarandiTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavan MoreTo study the effects of bio fertilizers and Nano zinc and their interactions on yield and yield components, this survey was conducted as factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 at Natural Resource Research Institute in Damavand city. In this experiment factors including biological fertilizer and chemical fertilizers at four levels including control or without the use of chemical and bio fertilizers, bio fertilizers application only(Nitragin),applying chemical fertilizers(100%dose) recommended based on soil test, chemical fertilizer(75%dose) recommended based on soil test and bio fertilizers (Nitragin) application and zinc fertilizer treatment including three levels control or no application zinc ,application of chelated zinc and application of Nano zinc respectively. The results showed the impact of bio fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizer was significant in all traits. Between chemical and bio fertilizers levels, 75% chemical fertilizer + nitragin had the highest number of seeds per row, grain yield and biological yield and had the greatest impact than the other levels. The results showed the impact of zinc fertilizer on the number of rows, grain yield and biological yield was significant. Also interaction effects of treatments on number of seeds per row and biological yield were significant. The results of this study indicate that the use of bio fertilizers in combination with chemical fertilizers on improve the yield and yield components of maize and also in order to sustain production and environmental protection had a positive impact and it seems bio fertilizers are a suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Effect of salicylic Acid on some of Physiological Characteristics and Related Traits with Grain and Yield of Corn (SC. 704) in Different Irrigation Condition
Mehrdad Yarnia Parastoo Ag MasjediThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation treatments at different growth stages and foliar spray of salicylic acid on growth and yield of corn (CV SC704). The field experiment was carried out as split split plots arranged in randomized complete block MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation treatments at different growth stages and foliar spray of salicylic acid on growth and yield of corn (CV SC704). The field experiment was carried out as split split plots arranged in randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2014. Water stress at all growth stages significantly reduced seed yield. Irrigating after 110 mm at kernel filling stage had no effect on grain yield, but further water stress reduced 25.6 % of seed yield. Similar decrease was obtained with water stress at tassel emergence stage. Grain yield reduced up to 23.3 and 29.7% with irrigation after 110 and 150 mm at tassel emergence stage, respectively. The highest decline of grain yield was achieved with water stress at vegetative stage and irrigation after 150 mm which decreased grain yield up to 53.9%. Foliar spray of salicylic acid increased 17.7% in grain yield. Among the yield components, 100-grain weight was not affected by water stress, but grains per ear showed significant reduction by water stress. In this study, leaf area and chlorophyll contents were important reducer factors in corn yield and yield components under water stress but salicylic acid consumption with a positive impact on these traits reduced drought stress losses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - The effect of irrigation disruption and different fertilizers sources on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
Yadolah Taghizadeh Jalal Jalilian Sina Siyavash MoghadamThis experiment was done as split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the field of Urmia University, in 2015. The main plot was irrigation disruption at four levels including: full irrigation, irrigation disruption at heading, fl MoreThis experiment was done as split plot based on a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in the field of Urmia University, in 2015. The main plot was irrigation disruption at four levels including: full irrigation, irrigation disruption at heading, flowering and grain filling stages and different sources of fertilizer comprised of control, water spray, foliar application of Nano, chemical fertilizer, bio-fertilizer application and combined application of fertilizers [Nano + chemical + bio-fertilizer], were assigned as subplot. Results showed that in control plants under irrigation disruption at heading stage the capsule number per plant and oil yield was decreased 52.25 and 62.6 percent in compared to the plants treated with combined application of fertilizers and full irrigation. Normal irrigation and combined fertilizer treatments had maximum 1000-seed weight (44.33 g) and seed yield (2526.8 kg/ha) and the lowest of 1000-seed weight (34.7g) and seed yield (1032.9 kg/ha) were obtained in plants under irrigation disruption at heading stage and application of Nano fertilizer and control, respectively. The highest harvest index (42%) was detected in irrigation disruption at the grain filling stage and combined fertilizers, and the lowest (24.33%) was observed in irrigation disruption at flowering stage followed by bio-fertilizer application. Generally, result showed that irrigation disruption during the grain filling stage and application of combined fertilizers without any significant effect on yield led to a reduction water consumption on safflower farm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - The effects of auxine and cytokinin hormones on maize grain quality unde drought stress condition
Ali Mahrokh Majid Nabipour Habibalah Roshanfekr Rajab ChoganThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experim MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was carried out in three separate environments included non-drought stress environment, drought stress in the vegetative stage and drought stress in the reproductive stage. In each environment, foliar application of cytokinin in three stages (control, V5 –V6 and V8-V10) and foliar application of auxin in three stages (control, silk emergence and 15 days after that) was laid out as a factorial design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the maximum protein (10.93%) and soluble sugar (5.80%) in grain were obtained under drought stress in the productive stage whereas the maximum starch (77.37%) and grain dry mater (90.83%) were obtained in non-stress condition. Foliar application of cytokinin in V8-V10 stage, increased convert starch to soluble sugar on the other hand, foliar application of auxin in silk emergence stage caused converting hexose sugars to starch, increasing the sink capacity (grain endosperm) for receiving more starch and also increasing the grain dry mater . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - EvEvaluate of Ultrasonic Waves Radiation and 24-epi-brassinolid Foliar Application for Reduction of Water Deficit Stress on yield and yield components of Red Beans (Akhtar)
amir younesian hossein ajamnoroozi manouchehr gholipoor afshin soltaniTo evaluate the consequences of ultrasonic waves radiation and 24-epi-brassinolide foliar application for reduction of water deficit stress on qualitative properties of red beans (Akhtar), a trial was conducted in two sites as split factorial in complete randomized bloc MoreTo evaluate the consequences of ultrasonic waves radiation and 24-epi-brassinolide foliar application for reduction of water deficit stress on qualitative properties of red beans (Akhtar), a trial was conducted in two sites as split factorial in complete randomized block design with three replications. Experiment factors included irrigation of main terrace at three levels of normal irrigation, mild stress and severe stress respectively (60,90 and 120 mm evaporation from evaporation pan) and ultrasound waves treatments (in two levels of nonuse and use of seeds irradiation) and 24-epi-brassinolide foliar application (in two levels of foliar application and nonuse of foliar application in two stages) which were located in sub-terraces. This trial was conducted simultaneously in two sites, one in the field located in Agricultural Research Center in Shahrood and the other in bean farm, 40 km off Shahrood city in 2015, to assess the impact of the implementation testing wad performed for combined analysis.The evaluated properties included Number of pods per plant, Number of seed per pod, hundred seed weight, seed yield, Biologic yield and Harvest index. The results showed a significant decrease,number of seed per pod (33%),hundred seed weight(25%),seed yield(53%),and biologic yield(52%),with severe water stress compared to normal conditions.however 24-epi-brassinolid foliar application (between 7-19%) and use of ultrasonic waves (between 6-15%)in both normal and stress conditions increased these traits. Thus it could be stated that irradiation of ultrasonic waves and 24-epi-brassinolide foliar application for cultivating beans play important role in increment of competitive strength of plant in water deficit condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Effects of salicylic acid and spermine exogenous application on functional and physiological characteristics of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forssk.) under cutoff irrigation
azam roumani Abbas Biabani Ali Rahemi Karizaki Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari Abdollatif GholizadehThis study was conducted as split plot factorial experiment was done based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications, on research field of the Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran in winter 2017. In this experiment the treatment MoreThis study was conducted as split plot factorial experiment was done based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications, on research field of the Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran in winter 2017. In this experiment the treatments of irrigation included; control (non-stress), irrigation cutoff at flowering stage and irrigation cutoff at seed filling stage) was the main-plot and factorial of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 0.4 and 0.8 mM), spermine (Spm) spraying (0 and 0.02 mM) was as a sub-plot. According to the results of the experiment, the highest 1000-grain weight (2.00 g) was obtained in irrigation cutoff at seed filling with 0.4 mM salicylic acid spraying and biological yield (2472.37 kg/ha) was observed under normal irrigation conditions and SA0.8mM+Spm0.02mM spraying. In addition, the most of Seed swelling factor (12.42 ml) and seed mucilage percentage (21.33%) were obtained in under moderate and severe stress conditions, respectively. Also, the highest grain yield (574.05 kg ha-1), seed mucilage yield (102.12 kg ha-1) and seed husk percentage (72%) were observed to foliar spraying 0.8 mM salicylic acid and 0.02 mM spermine in irrigation cutoff at seed filling. According to the results, the spraying of salicylic acid and spermine in irrigated conditions at flowering and seed filling stages prevented significant traits from being studied and the highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, seed husk percent, seed mucilage percentage, seed mucilage yield were caused. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The effect of nano-potass fertilizer and methanol application on some physiological characters, yield and yield components of wheat
Ferdus Rezaie Mehrshad Barary Ali Hatami Hamid Hassanein KhoshroApplication of methanol foliar on aerial parts of plants increases their yield and accelerates their ripening and also the use of nano-fertilizers for precise control of nutrients release can be an effective step towards achieving sustainable agriculture. In order to ev MoreApplication of methanol foliar on aerial parts of plants increases their yield and accelerates their ripening and also the use of nano-fertilizers for precise control of nutrients release can be an effective step towards achieving sustainable agriculture. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of methanol and potash fertilizers on photosynthetic pigments, yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized completely blocks design with three replications in 2015-2016 at Research Farm, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. Factors included three levels of methanol (0), 10 and 15% by volume and three levels of nano-potash fertilizer (0), 2 and 4 per thousand. Results showed that foliar application of methanol had only a significant effect on harvest index. Effect of nano-potash fertilizer on spike per plant was significant. Interaction between nano-potash fertilizer foliar and methanol on grains per spike, plant height, grain yield, chlorophyll and carotenoids was significant, while there was no significant effect on grain weight and biological yield. The highest and the lowest of chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids contents were found in foliar treatment with 10% methanol and 4 kg nano-potash and control (no application), respectively. The highest grains per spike and grain yield were obtained with 15% methanol and 4 kg nano-potash compared to control treatment (40 and 45 percent), respectively. Overall, results showed that foliar treatment 15% methanol with 4 kg/ha nano-potash could possibly be useful to increase wheat yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Study of Drought Tolerance of Wheat Inoculated with Mycorrhiza Fungi and its Interaction with Copper Nanoparticles
ّfatemeh taheri hesari hossain zahedi Alireza Eivazi younes sharghi Akbar AlipoorA split-split plot field experiment using the randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out to investigate drought tolerance of wheat inoculated with mycorrhiza fungi and its interaction with copper nanoparticles. The factors included two irriga MoreA split-split plot field experiment using the randomized complete block design with three replicates was carried out to investigate drought tolerance of wheat inoculated with mycorrhiza fungi and its interaction with copper nanoparticles. The factors included two irrigation levels (optimum irrigation and deficit irrigation), two levels of fungal symbiosis (with or without a symbiotic relationship), and three spray concentrations of copper oxide nanoparticles (50, 250, and 450 ppm).The results of ANOVA revealed that Analysis of variance showed that proline content and spike/m2 were significant in irrigation regime, mycorrhiza, foliar application, and all the interaction effects of double and triple factors.The effect of irrigation regime, mycorrhiza and foliar application of copper nano oxide was effective on grain yield, but the effects and interactions of irrigation regime×foliar application, mycorrhiza×foliar application and irrigation regime×mycorrhiza×foliar application have no significate effect on that characteristic;Comparison of mean traits showed that the maximum number of spikes/m2 in mycorrhizal fungi application with50ppm copper nano oxide foliar application in optimum irrigation was780numbers.The highest hectolitre weight of wheat was related to triple interactions,optimum irrigation with fungus and foliar application of450ppm copper nano oxide that was not statistically significant effect with triple interactions,optimum irrigation without fungus and foliar application of 250ppm copper nano oxide.Maximum proline content was obtained in non-mycorrhizal fungi treatment with50ppm foliar spray under deficit irrigation (23.8mg/g fresh weight) which was statistically significant at least at5%level with other treatments. The highest grain yield (309.61g/m2) belonged to optimum irrigation treatment and minimum grain yield was observed in severe deficit irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Response of yield and seed quality of two rapeseed cultivars to Zn and Fe elements application under water deficit condition
Hamid Reza Zakerin Amirhossein Shiranirad saeed sayfzadeh Seyed Alireza ValadabadiThis experiment was carried out as split plot factorial based on complete block design with three replications during 2018-2019 cropping season in two regions including Qazvin and Karaj, Iran. Irrigation regimes including three levels of full irrigation, irrigation inte MoreThis experiment was carried out as split plot factorial based on complete block design with three replications during 2018-2019 cropping season in two regions including Qazvin and Karaj, Iran. Irrigation regimes including three levels of full irrigation, irrigation interruption from flowering stage and irrigation interruption from silique stage and four levels of micronutrients including zero (control), foliar application of Zn, Fe and Zn + Fe as factorial in main plot and two cultivars of rapeseed namely Sarygol and RGS300 in sub plot comprised experimental treatments. The greatest number of secondary branch per plant (7.72), number of silique per secondary branch (125.80), 1000-seed weight (5.46 g), biological yield (23760 kg/ha), seed yield (5668 kh/ha) and oil yield (5668 kg/ha) obtained in RGS300 cultivar under full irrigation and foliar application of Zn + Fe conditions that showed no significant difference with Sarigol cultivar under similar condition. In this experiment, irrigation interruption from flowering stage showed the greatest loss of seed yield in rapeseed and under water deficiency from flowering stage, foliar spraying of Zn + Fe enhanced seed and oil yield of RGS300 and Sarigol cultivars equal 107 and 153 percent in comparison with control, respectively.Integrated application of Zn + Fe as foliar application increased seed yield through improving of vegetative and reproductive growth of rapeseed plants in different irrigation regimes. Hence, combined foliar application of Zn + Fe micronutrients both with four per thousand concentrations could be recommended to enhance quantitative and qualitative yield of rapeseed under similar climatic condition Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Effect of foliar application of methanol and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean in Guilan weather conditions
amir janbazi roudsari majid ashouri ebrahim amiri In order to investigate the effects of methanol foliar application and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted at Rodsar region (Guilan province) in growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial based on Randomized Com More In order to investigate the effects of methanol foliar application and nitrogen on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted at Rodsar region (Guilan province) in growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including: N1-control, N2- 30, N3-60 and N4- 90 kg/ha from urea source and methanol treatments in 4 levels including: M1- control, M2- 20, M3- 30 and M4- 40 methanol volume percentage. Results showed that, methanol treatments had significant effects on number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass yield, harvest index, plant height and pod length. Forty volume percentage methanol treatment had the highest number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, plant height and pod length.Maximum biomass obtained in 40, 30 volume percentage methanol treatments. Nitrogen levels had significant effects on number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomas yield, plant height and pod length . Maximum number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod and biomass yield obtained in the 90 kg/ha level of nitrogen fertilizer. Maximum plant height and pod length obtained from 90 and 60 kg/ha treatments. Nitrogen control treatment showed the highest 100 seed weight. Grain yield and harvest index in different levels of nitrogen and methanol were significant. Generally 60 kg/ha of nitrogen and 30% methanol treatments were the best treatment for management of soybean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Effect of foliar application of nitrogen and zinc on the yield and yield components of soybeans
M. Soroush M. Ashori E. AmiriIn order to investigate the effects of zinc and nitrogen foliar application on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted in Roudsar, Guilan province, during growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial in randomized complete block design MoreIn order to investigate the effects of zinc and nitrogen foliar application on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted in Roudsar, Guilan province, during growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including: N1-control, N2- 30, N3-60 and N4- 90 kg/ha from urea source and zinc treatments in 4 levels including: Zn1- control, Zn2- 0.5, Zn3- 1 and Zn4- 1.5 lit/ha. Results showed that nitrogen levels had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass, height of plant and length of pod. In the experiment zinc treatments, had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass, harvest index, height of plant and length of pod. Also interaction of nitrogen and zinc treatments had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield and harvest index. The 90 kg/ha nitrogen treatment and 0.5 lit/ha zinc application resulted in the most yield (5902 kg/ha) that didn't show any significant difference compared with 60 kg/ha nitrogen and 0.5 L/ha zinc (5682 kg/ha). The application of 60 kg/ha nitrogen and 0.5 lit/ha zinc is recommended in soybean in north of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Effects of supplemental irrigation and foliar application of zinc on yield and yield components of chickpea
M. Armin M. BidiTo investigate the effects of supplemental irrigation and foliar application of zinc on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an experiment was conducted during the 2011-2012 in Sabzevar, Iran. Treatments were supplemental irrigation time (dry far MoreTo investigate the effects of supplemental irrigation and foliar application of zinc on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), an experiment was conducted during the 2011-2012 in Sabzevar, Iran. Treatments were supplemental irrigation time (dry farming without irrigation, irrigation at flowering, irrigation at pod formation, irrigation at both flowering and pod formation) as main plot and time of Zinc foliar application with 2% concentration (control, foliar application at vegetative, foliar application at flowering and foliar application at both vegetative and flowering) as sub plot in a split block experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results showed that supplemental irrigation at both flowering and poding had significantly higher grain yield (49.57 g m-2), biological yield (65.04 g m-2 ), pod number in plant (24.84) and height (27 cm) compared to other irrigation regimes, whereas thousand grain weight had not response to supplemental irrigation. Yield and yield components had different responses to zinc foliar application. Although Zinc foliar application at both vegetative and flowering stages had the highest economic yield (47.44 g m-2), biological yield (65.59 g m-2), and seed per plant (26.65), Zinc foliar application at flowering stage increased 1000 grain weight (173.7 g). Overall, supplemental irrigation at both flowering and poding with zinc foliar application at both vegetative and flowering stages was a suitable treatment to achieve maximum yield in Sabzevar conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Enhancing Pecan Fruit Size and Nutrient Content through Foliar Application of Boron and Zinc
Hasan kadhim Nimr Sarah A. Hamood Ammar Daham Abed J. Kadhim Hayder Tariq Rana Mahmood Ahmed Nooralhuda Jalel Mahsen Oda -
Open Access Article
90 - Efficiency of Elite Fungicide for Control of Pistachio Gummosis
Mohammad Moradi Amir Hossein Mohammadi Masoumeh Haghdel -
Open Access Article
91 - Effects of the Timing of Foliar Application and Concentrations of Growth Regulators on the Mineral Content of Pistachio Leaves
Hamid Alipour Mohammad Kafi Ahmad Nezami Amir Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
92 - Effect of Fe, Zinc and Mn foliar application on quality forage in sorghum
I. FarahaniIn 1390 the project was done in the research field PNU Farmahin.In a randomized complete block design with four replicates each consisting of 8 plots was carried out. Treatments include foliar application of zinc, iron, manganese, iron, manganese, iron, zinc and mangane MoreIn 1390 the project was done in the research field PNU Farmahin.In a randomized complete block design with four replicates each consisting of 8 plots was carried out. Treatments include foliar application of zinc, iron, manganese, iron, manganese, iron, zinc and manganese, iron, zinc, manganese and control treatment. Concentration of 5 per thousand fertilizers for the use of the sulfate form. Spraying was done in two stages stem and tassel emergence. The results showed that the effect of treatments on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, iron, zinc, manganese, seed yield, forage yield and dry matter yield were significant Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Consider effect of zinc sulfate on some quality parameters and grain zinc concentration of rice (Oryza sativa L) var. Shiroudi
Seyed Hesamodin Hosein zadeh Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani Babak Delkhosh Salman Dastan Foliar spray one of the best method to rice grain enrichment and Zn deficiency in daily diet resulted many problem and disorders. In order a experimental was carried out with purpose study effect of different amount zinc More Foliar spray one of the best method to rice grain enrichment and Zn deficiency in daily diet resulted many problem and disorders. In order a experimental was carried out with purpose study effect of different amount zinc sulfate fertilizer on three important quality factor include amylase, temperature of gelatination, gel consistency and grain Zn concentration on Shiroudi cultivar in 2010 at tonekabon rice research station with 5 treatment zero, 2,4,6 and 8 per thousand spray zinc sulphate on randomized complete block design with four replications. Sprayed in three stages one month after transplanting seedling to the main field after flowering and milky stage were performed. The result showed zinc sulphate foliar spray significantly influence on AC, GT and Zn grain enrichment (p 0.05) and GC (p 0.01). Results of this experiment showed Zn can conversion glucose and sucrose to starch and affected on grain qualitative factors thus direct and indirect­ affect on GC and GT. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Study on quantity and quality changes of alfalfa (Medicago sativa cv. Hamedani) under application of different rates of seaweed and humic acid
Amin Farnia Omid EhyaeiThis study was laid out in order to investigate the effect of foliar application of humic acid and seaweed on yield and quality of alfalfa (cv. Hamedani) forage in Hamadan region at 2016.This experiment was conducted as a factorial arrengment based on randomized complet MoreThis study was laid out in order to investigate the effect of foliar application of humic acid and seaweed on yield and quality of alfalfa (cv. Hamedani) forage in Hamadan region at 2016.This experiment was conducted as a factorial arrengment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were humic acid in concentrations of (0, 1, 2.5 and 5 L.ha-1) and seaweed extract in four levels (0, 250, 500 and 1000 g.ha-1).The results showed that the effects of seaweed and humic acid were significant on plant hight, number of leaf per plant, number of stem per surface unit, wet and dry foriage yield and percentage of crud protein and soluablesugars.Also the interaction effect of humic acid and seaweed was significant on plant hight, number of leaf per plant and soluable sugar percent only.The data comparison means shows that with increasing of seaweed and humic acid concentration the plant height was increased.The highest number of stem per surface unit was obtained in 1 kg.ha-1 seaweed treatment. Foliar application of 5 kg.ha-1humic acid increased number of stem per surface unit as 17 percent compared to control treatment.Dry and wet foriage yield increased significantly by foliar application of humic acid and seaweed.Maximum wet foriage yield (30 ton.ha-1) was obtained in 1000 g.ha-1 seaweed that increasd as 16% compared to control. Maximum and minimum wet foriage yield (29.79 and 23.99 t.ha-1) was related to application of 2.5 kg.ha-1humic acid and control treatments respectively.The maximum crud protein (12.23%) was obtained in 1000 g.ha-1 seaweed and 5 L.ha-1humic acid treatments. Also foliar application of humic acid and seaweed increased soluable sugars compared to control treatment. In final, the present resulta shows that foliar application of humic acid and seaweed increased quantity yield and quality of alfalfa in Hamedan region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Effect of phosphate and sulfur solubilizating microorganisms and zinc foliar on yield and yield components of Soybean (Glycine max L.)
A. M. Alijani Kh. Esteki Oregani M. Jafarzadeh kenarsari In order to determine the effect of biofertilizer (Thiobacillus thiooxidanc and Pseudomonas putida) and zinc foliar application (Zinc sulfate) on yield, yield components, oil and protein percentage of soybean cultivar (TMS) in summer More In order to determine the effect of biofertilizer (Thiobacillus thiooxidanc and Pseudomonas putida) and zinc foliar application (Zinc sulfate) on yield, yield components, oil and protein percentage of soybean cultivar (TMS) in summer cultivation in 2010 at Aleshtar, Lorestan, Iran. The experiment was carried out in farm condition, using completely randomized factorial design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments included Zinc sulfate at two rates, 0% (Zn0), 10% (Zn1), inoculation with Thiobacillus thiooxidanc (T1) and without inoculation(T0) and inoculation with Pseudomonas putida (P1) and without inoculation (P0).The results indicate that zinc foliar application significantly increased, plant height number of pods per plant, 1000-seed weight, grain yield and percent of seed protein(p<0.05). Biofertilizer Thiobacillus thiooxidanc significantly increased plant height and percent of seed protein. Maximum shoot percent of seed protein was achieved by treatment P1T1 (4109 kg/ha) and maximum shoot percent of seed protein was achieved by treatment Zn1T1 by 31.67%. Positive and significant correlation between seed yield, with seed protein and number of pod per plant with one thousand seed weight were observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Effects of wastewater and foliar complete nutrient application on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria italica (L.)
M. Heidari P. JamshidianIn order to study the effects of wastewater irrigation and foliar complete nutrient on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria a field experiment was conducted at the University of Zabol in Iran during 2009 growing season. The statistical plan selected w MoreIn order to study the effects of wastewater irrigation and foliar complete nutrient on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria a field experiment was conducted at the University of Zabol in Iran during 2009 growing season. The statistical plan selected was split plot design with three replications. The treatments were comprised of three kinds of irrigation water (W1=well water and W2= domestic waste water+well water and W3= domestic waste water) in main plot and three foliar complete nutrient (F1=control, F2= 400 and F3= 800 gr/ha) in sub plot. Results showed that irrigation with wastewater and 800 gr/ha foliar complete nutrient significantly increased grain yield. In this study wastewater application decreased antioxidant-enzymatic activity of CAT, APX and GPX enzymes. Foliar complete nutrient except GPX enzyme decreased CAT and APX antioxidant-enzymatic activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Amount and Timing of Foliar Urea Application Effect on Maize and Forage Sorghum Proteins
H. Kheirabadi S. Shahsavani M. Basafa S. Gharanjik -
Open Access Article
98 - The effect of methanol foliar application on some physiological traits of cowpea bean (Vigna unguiculata L.) under drought stress conditions
ali akbar saneinejad Mahmood Tohidi Behnam Habibi Khaniani Mehdi Sadeghi Mohamad KhoramianThe aim of this study id analysis the effect of methanol foliar application on the physiological traits of beans genotype under water deficit stress as a split plot design was conducted in a randomized complete block design in Safiabad Dezful Agricultural Research and N MoreThe aim of this study id analysis the effect of methanol foliar application on the physiological traits of beans genotype under water deficit stress as a split plot design was conducted in a randomized complete block design in Safiabad Dezful Agricultural Research and Natural Resources and Center in 2018 and 2019 years. Water deficit stress was the main plots include four levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of plant water requirement) and combined foliar aplication of methanol including 3 levels (control, 10 and 20%) and genotype treatment including two cultivars omidbakhsh 1057 And Mashhad was in sub-plots. The results showed that the interaction of water deficit stress and foliar application of methanol on ion leakage, chlorophyll a, carotenoids, leaf soluble carbohydrates and proline grains was significant at the 1% probability level. The lowest amount of ionic leakage observed under the interaction of 100% water deficit stress and 10% foliar aplication of methanol (25/23 μmos/cm) and The highest amount of ion leakage under the interaction of 25% water deficit stress and the without foliar aplication of methanol (control) (42.25 μmos/cm). The highest amount of chlorophyll a was observed in line 1057 under the 100% water deficit stress and 20% foliar aplication of methanol (0.19 µmol.g-1 FW). The highest concentration of carotenoids in line 1057 under the treatment of 100% water deficit stress (0.19 µmol.g-1 FW) and the highest amount of soluble carbohydrates under the treatment of 100% water deficit stress and 20% foliar aplication of methanol (50.83 µmol.g-1 FW) was observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Effect of zinc spraying and biosulfur fertilization on growth and yield of Baharan wheat variety
javad hasanpour Laleh DehghanAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of zinc foliar application and biosulfur fertilizer consumption on yield and yield components of “Baharan” new wheat variety, in agriculture and natural resource research center of Tehran province in 2015-16. MoreAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of zinc foliar application and biosulfur fertilizer consumption on yield and yield components of “Baharan” new wheat variety, in agriculture and natural resource research center of Tehran province in 2015-16. A factorial experiment in randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications were used. The experiment factors were three levels of biosulfur fertilizer and zinc foliar application with three levels. Biosulfur fertilizer had significant effects on Gloten, Protein, grain zinc content and also yield and yield components (TKW, no. of fertile tillers, biological and grain yield). Zn spraying increased TKW, no. of fertile tiller, grain yield, biological yield and LAI. The highest grain yield obtained from 1% Zn spraying and 500 grams biosulfur fertilizer with 6789 kg/h. the combined use of biosulfur fertilizer and Zn spraying increased wheat grain yield by 36% compared with control (Zn0S0) treatment. The maximum gluten content was obtained from application of 500 kg / ha biosulfur fertilizer and foliar application of zinc at 1% concentration. Zinc intake increased the protein content by 10.3% and 17.7% for the two concentrations of 0.5% and 1% spraying, respectively. The highest percentage of protein was obtained in the treatment of 500 kg / ha biosulfur fertilizer. The highest amount of grain zinc (63.30 mg / kg) was obtained from 500 kg / ha sulfur treatment within 1% zinc spraying.Biosulfur fertilization increased the positive effect of zinc on yield and yield components of Baharan new wheat variety. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Effects of BA Foliar application on some qulity and quantity characteristics in Corn (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation in Pakdasht region
Mohammad NasriTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in PAKDASHT. MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in PAKDASHT. Experimental treatments include main plot: C0 = Normal irrigation, C1= cut irrigation at stem elongation stage, C2 = cut irrigation in flowering stage, C3=cut irrigation at filling grain stage and sub plot research include: = M0= control (no application) = M1 = 100 ppm. M2 = 200 ppm respectively. The results of this study showed that cutirrigation can reduce grain yield, grain weight, biological yield, harvest index, protein yield, oil content, oil yield, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, relative water content, was foliar application BA the following parameters were increased. The highest T.G.W, G.Y, B.Y, oil percentage and Chol a were achieved Normal Irrigation * 200 ppm AB (341.1 gr, 8982.7 (Kg.ha), 28942.2(Kg.ha), 6.97(%),1.94 Spad) had no significant difference with C0M0,C0M2,C1M2 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Effects of BAFoliar application on some qulity and quantity characteristics in hybrid Corn (Zea maysVar T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation in Pakdasht region.
mahdi BagheriTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications at a farm in MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications at a farm in PAKDASHT at Tehran zone. Experimental treatments include main plots: C0 = Normal irrigation, C1= cut irrigation at stem elongation stage, C2 = cut irrigation at flowering stage, C3=cut irrigation at filling grain stage and sub plots of research include: M0= control (no application), M1 = 100 ppm, M2 = 200 ppm respectively. The results of this study showed that cut irrigation can reduce grain yield, grain weight, biological yield, harvest index, protein yield, oil content, oil yield, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, relative water content, but foliar application BA were increased the following parameters. The highest T.G.W, G.Y, B.Y, oil percentage and Total chlorophyll a were achieved Normal Irrigation * 200 ppm BA(341.1 gr, 8982.7 (Kg.ha), 28942.2(Kg.ha), 6.97(%),1.94 Spad) had no significant difference with C0M0,C0M2,C1M2. Therefore, it is recommended to use foliar application of BA with a concentration of 200 ppm in case of cut irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Effect of drought stress and selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L)
Behnam Khademi Hossein Ali Shaibani Arash BorzouIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L) under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 2014 in Varam MoreIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L) under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 2014 in Varamin region. The first factor drought stress in four irrigation regimes were 50 (Control), 80, and 110 mm evaporation from evaporation pan (Class A) and the second factor consisted of four levels of selenium (Control, 100, 200 and 300 mg.lit) respectively. Results showed a significant effect of drought stress and selenium on on plant height, height offer branching of the soil, head diameter, grain yield, biological yield, 1000-grain weight, number of seeds per head, number of heads and number of branches, but the effect of treatments on stem diameteris not significant. Interactions between drought stress and selenium was significant and the best results in normal irrigation (control)and 300 mg treatment was obtained Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - EffectofHexaconazoleapplication foliar anddifferent irrigation regimesonquantitative , qualitative and biochemicalcharacteristics in grain corn (Zea Mays L.) K.S.C 704.
atefeh Dehghani mohammad Nasri maysam OveisiIn order to investigate the effect of hexaconazole foliar application on yield and biochemical characteristics of grain corn of KSC704 cultivar under cut irrigation conditions, an experiment was conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design with t MoreIn order to investigate the effect of hexaconazole foliar application on yield and biochemical characteristics of grain corn of KSC704 cultivar under cut irrigation conditions, an experiment was conducted as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The main treatments of the experiment are: S0 = Normal irrigation, S1 = Cut Irrigation in stem stage, S2 = Cut Irrigation at flowering stage, S3= Irrigation interruption in seed filling stage and sub-treatments were including: M0= control (not applicable), M1= 25 mg / l , M2 = 50 mg / l. The results showed that cut irrigation reduced grain yield but hexaclonazole foliar application increased the following trait. Hexaclonazole foliar application of 25 and 50 mg / l increased the antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase and decreased the biomarker of malondialdehyde, di tyrosine and dihydroxyguanosine degradation significantly. And through hormonal changes increased drought tolerance in corn. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Investigation of Daljin Growth Regulator (Ascophyllumnodosum Extract) under Salt Stress Conditions on Agronomic and Physiological Traits of Barley (Hurdeumvulgare L.)
atena Seyeed Razavi meysam Ovissi pourangh KasraeiIn order to study the effect of different levels of Daljin growth regulator on agronomic and physiological traits of barley under salt stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design at the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, MoreIn order to study the effect of different levels of Daljin growth regulator on agronomic and physiological traits of barley under salt stress, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design at the Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin-Pishva Branch, in 2016-2017. The treatments consisted of salt stresses at zero (control), 75 and 150 mM, and foliar application of Daljin in zero (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 at 1000. The measured traits included 1000 seed weight, yield of a plant, seed protein percent, proline, catalase and leaf relative water content. The results showed that salt stress reduced the weight of 1000 seeds, yield of a plant, relative water content of leaves and increased protein content of grain, catalase and proline. Also, Daljin spraying resulted in 1000 seed weight gain, yield of a plant, relative water content of leaves and proline. In the salinity conditions of 75 mM, the highest yield of a plant was related to treatments 1 and 2 at 1000 Daljin (8.49 and 8.9 grams respectively). The highest protein content of the seeds was 16.6% in the 150 mM salinity treatments and in the absence of spraying. It can be concluded from the results of positive effects of Daljin, especially in salt stress conditions, and the reduction of the negative effects of salinity in barley plants, and the highest positive effect was obtained by spraying 1 and 2 at 1000 dalijin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Effects of seaweed extract Sargassumboveanum on physiological characteristics of Menthapiperita
hanieh Hedayatifard mansoureh KhalatbariThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomiz MoreThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomized four replications. The main factor was different concentrations of seaweed extract with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent, while the subplot was different spray time in two period types of every 5 and 10 days. The results showed that the concentration of chlorophyll a in peppermint increased with decreasing the time of foliar application and was not significant at different concentrations of algal extract in 30 and 40% treatments on the studied traits. The effect of different concentrations of sargassum algae extract on plant minerals including nitrogen was positive at a concentration of 20% in 10 days of treatment. Therefore, in order to increase the protein and essential oil of peppermint, the concentrations of sargassum extract in this study can be used. In general, it can be concluded that the use of algae extract in the production of peppermint was not considered appropriate due to reduced growth rate and no positive effect on plant essential oil, and from concentrations of 20% or more as a herbicide can be Used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Effect of different levels of iron and zinc concentrations of micronutrients on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) single cross 260
Hamid Goudarzi Pourang Kasraie Behnam ZandTo study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was condu MoreTo study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was conducted in July 1392. First of iron sulphate fertilizer at three levels (zero, two, four thousand liters) and the second zinc sulfate fertilizer at three levels (zero, four, eight per liter) is sprayed in two steps (first eight-leaf stage and secondly tassel emergence) was performed. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of iron concentration on four thousand and four hundred on a test characteristics and biological function of the average 24856.3 (Kg.ha), with an average yield of 9496.5 (Kg.ha), with an average of 9.06 percent protein performance fibers with an average 860.4 (Kg.ha), with an average of 38.72% and harvest index (LAI), with a mean value of 6.27 compared to the control (non-use spray), giving the greatest impact on corn (Zea mays L. ) KSC 260 is in Varamin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - The effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
Aref Rezaei Mohammad Nasri Farshad GhooshchiIn order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia, an experiment was conducted in during 2014 at Research Greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch. A randomized complete block MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia, an experiment was conducted in during 2014 at Research Greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Treatments included: 1-Control, 2-Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble), 3- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble), 4- Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn, 5- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn, 6-Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Mn, 7- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Mn, 8- Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn+Mn, 9- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn+Mn. Results showed a significant effect of Foliar micronutrients on shoot length, Internode length, root dry weight, leaf dry weight, soot dry weight, Stevioside, Rebaudioside, Glycoside, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll b/a, Fe, Zn and Mn content, but the effect of Treatments on P and Ca content is not significant. The Best Results in Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble) + Zn+Mn treatment was obtained. The impact on the amount of phosphorus and calcium treatments were not significant. Because the micro-nutrients applied as foliar application is sent, an increased impact on soil phosphorus and phosphorus absorption and thus no plant phosphorus content is also due to the lack of elemental calcium treatments and applications by spraying, can have no effect on the absorption of calcium soil. Most of the glycosides in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and lowest in control 7.55 and 3.94 respectively with an average of dry matter was obtained. Most of the shoot in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and lowest in control respectively 81 and 58 cm respectively. Fe + Zn + Mn combination treatment compared to other treatments bigger share of Stevia in the lengthening of internodes were at least internode length, with an average of 3.03 inches was in control. Lowest Steviosid with an average of 2.25% of dry matter in the Amdo control Fe + Zn + Mn combination treatment compared to other treatments had a bigger share in the increase in the Stevia plant Steviosid. The highest Rybvdyvzyd in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and iron treatment (six percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn with an average of 2.63 and 2.53 percent of the dry matter and least control it. In between treatments, foliar iron (not water-soluble iron content) + Zinc + foliar fertilizer spray six thousand four hundred manganese fertilizers more effective than other treatments the traits were measured. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Evaluation of (Fe) micronutrient on agronomic traits in different ecotypes of fenu greek
masoumeh Mohammadian far ghasem Mohammadinejad sayed mohamad ali Vakili shahr babakiFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat ba MoreFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat based on RCBD with three replication on grows season of 2012-13 at experimental Field of Islamic Azad university of Jiroft. The main plats were Iron Foliar application with EDTA at three levels (0, 2/1000 and 4/1000). Based the soil Analysis. The sub plats were considered as 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek (Isfahan, mazandaran, Ilam, Kordestan, Kerman and Dena). In the majority of the these results, Iron spraying in 2/1000 is more suitable than, in the compare to 4/1000 and control showed Kerman ecotypes with 2/1000 iron app hate had the best seed yield while (162.3 Kg.ha) Isfahan ecotypes with (5.6 Kg.ha) seed yield had the lowed amount of seed yield, generally application of 2/1000 Iron Foliar spraying showed the best growth rate rather than 4/1000 and control condition. Drew to Availably of Cal curs soil in Iran and specially jiroft region kerman and Mazandaran with 2/1000 Finally, it can be concluded due to the different responses of different ecotypes to iron application in region of Kerman, Kordestan and Dena with 2/1000 ecotypes and Mazandaran with 4/1000 for Iron application are good so for each area speared survey will be needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in corn (hybrid K.S.C704)
Vagar Mirza Shahram Lak Mehran MombeniIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental trea MoreIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental treatments administered included plant density on three levels (D1=65000, D2=75000 and D3=85000 plant per Hectare plant density). The second factor includes: zinc foliar application in four treatments (F0=control, non application of zinc, F1=zinc foliar application in V12 stage, F2=VT stage and F3= zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT based, on corn developmental growth stages). Results showed that plant density effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, leaf area index and grain number in ear were significant (p= 0.01). In addition zinc foliar application effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index and 1000 grain weight were significant (p= 0.05). But interaction between of plant density and zinc foliar application had not a significant effect on above character mentioned. The highest grain yield (equal to 9843.3 kg per hectore) was obtained at the density of 75000 plants with zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT. The lowest grain yield (equal to 7751.9 kg per hectare) was obtained at the density of 65000 plants with non application of zinc. The highest Biological yield (20276.07 kg per hectare) belongs to D2 with non application of zinc and the lowest rate (15960.31kg per hectare) obtained in D1 with F1 treatment. The most Grain number in ear observed in zinc foliar split application treatment in two stages of V12 and VT. Maximum of LAI belong to D2 with F3 treatment. In generally, planting of 75000 plants per Hectare and zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT, lead to the highest of LAI and harvest index in D2 treatment and finally result to the highest grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Effect of foliar application of humic acid micronutrients and cytokinin on yield and some quality traits of Italian basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under hydroponic cultivations
Roma Kalhor. monfared Mohamad Nabi.ilkayi Farzad Paknejad One of the most important applications of nanotechnology in agriculture is the use of Nanofertilizers to feed plants to improve plant nutrition and minimize the costs of environmentalprotection, and hydroponic cultivation, due to the lack of environmental pollutio More One of the most important applications of nanotechnology in agriculture is the use of Nanofertilizers to feed plants to improve plant nutrition and minimize the costs of environmentalprotection, and hydroponic cultivation, due to the lack of environmental pollution to the soil, isa suitable method. To produce agricultural products. For this purpose, a factorial study wasconducted in the form of a complete randomized design with three replications in a greenhouselocated in Nazarabad, Karaj, on Italian basil as hydroponic cultivation. The treatments of thisexperiment include foliar application of humic acid at three levels (no consumption control ascontrol, 500, 1000 mg.l-1), foliar application of micronutrients at three levels (0, iron Nanochelate and zinc Nano chelate) and solution Spray of cytokinin hormone was at two levels (0and 100 μM). The results showed that after increasing in humic acid concentration, the yieldand quality traits of Italian basil increased and foliar application of micronutrients (iron andzinc) as well as cytokinin hormone increased the traits studied compared to the control. Humicacid 1000 mg.l-1 × Nano-chelate on × cytokinin leads to an increase of 39.99% and also theinteraction of humic acid 1000 mg/l iron Nano-chelate × cytokinin gained to 115.34% increasein plant dry weight ratio Witnessed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Effect of time and amount of seaweed extract on yield and yield components of cotton in saline conditions
mohamad ardakani mohamad armin abolghasem dadrasi sabzevar In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of seaweed extract on yield and yieldcomponents of Cotton under salinity stress, a factorial experiment in a randomizedcomplete block design with three replications was conducted in Sabzevar Agricultural and More In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of seaweed extract on yield and yieldcomponents of Cotton under salinity stress, a factorial experiment in a randomizedcomplete block design with three replications was conducted in Sabzevar Agricultural andNatural Resources Research Center in 2017. The experimental factors included applicationrate of seaweed extract at four levels of 0, 2, 4, and 6 ‰ and foliar application time at twolevels at the vegetative and vegetative+flowering stage. The results showed that the timeof seaweed extract application had no effect on the number of sympodial branches, thenumber of bolls, boll weight and grain yield, while foliar application of seaweed extract atvegetative + flowering increased the final height, lint percent, cotton seed yield and fiberyield. Foliar application at a concentration of 6 ‰ of seaweed extracts increased 31.19%in height, 32.19% in sympodial branches, 41.44 in boll, 23.25% in boll weight, 41.43%seed cotton yield, 61.43%, seed yield, 29.66%, fiber yield and 42.34% lint percent, Ingeneral, the results of this experiment showed that two times foliar application of seaweedextract at level 6 per thousand in vegetative and flowering stages were recommended forproducing maximum yield and yield components of cotton under salt stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Effect of foliar application of Fe, Zn micronutrients and Ca under supplementary irrigation on rainfed lentil yield
Majid Chegini Hamid Reza Zakerin Seyed Alireza ValadabadiThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before MoreThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before flowering) as main plot and foliar application in 5 levels (M1: Ca, M2: Zn, M3: Fe, M4: Ca+Zn+Fe and M5: control) as sub plots were considered. Results showed that irrigation, foliar application and their interaction had significant effect on grain yield. Results showed that supplementary irrigation resulted to significant of grain yield (811.6 kg/ha). Results also indicated that foliar application of Ca+Zn+Fe that it was in a common statistically group with Zn foliar application. Ca foliar application had the lowest impact on increase of grain yield. Result showed that the most grain yield was observed in Ca+Zn+Fe foliar application and also Zn application alone under supplementary irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions
Abbas yazdifar Saeid Sayfzadeh Hamid Reza ZakerinThe present study was done in order to investigate the effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions in spring and summer of 2015 in Qazvin. This experiment as split plot design as RCBD in 3 replications was conducted. The studied fact MoreThe present study was done in order to investigate the effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions in spring and summer of 2015 in Qazvin. This experiment as split plot design as RCBD in 3 replications was conducted. The studied factors included: irrigation interval in 3 levels (I1: irrigation every 6 days, I2: irrigation every 9 days, irrigation every 12 days) as main plot and foliar application in 8 levels (M1: Zn, M2: B, M3: Mn, M4: B Zn, M5: Zn + Mn, M6: Mn + B, M7: B + Zn+ Mn, M8: Water) as sub-plots were considered. Results showed that effect of irrigation and foliar application were significant on grain yield of safflower. The highest grain yield belonged to irrigation every 6 dais with mean of 1584 kg/ha and treatments of irrigation every 9 and 12 days with means of 1438 and 1306 kg/ha had the least grain yield that it were in a common statistically group. The treatment of B + Zn+ Mn with meaد of 1579 kg/ha had the most grain yield and the least grain yield was observed in control (water spraying) with mean of 1262 kg/ha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Effect of Foliar Application of Agrotin Fertilizer on Some of Vegetative and Reproductive Traits of Rice Varieties in Khorram Abad
Bakhtiar Veyskarami Qodratolla ShaKaramiin order to evaluate the spraying of different concentrations of full agrotin fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of rice cultivars, a split-split experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Cham Divan, Visiban, Morein order to evaluate the spraying of different concentrations of full agrotin fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of rice cultivars, a split-split experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Cham Divan, Visiban, 1995-2006. The tested agents consisted of different concentrations of Agrotinin fertilizer in four concentrations (control, 0.5, 1 and 1.5) and four rice cultivars (Fajr, country, Shirodi and local damsay). The results of the experiment showed that the highest plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield were recorded in local Demisahs cultivar and the highest 1000 seed weight in Shiroudi cultivar. The highest plant height, number of nodes, and grain yield were observed in agrotinin fertilizer application at a concentration of 1.5% and the highest 1000 seed weight in 1%. The highest biological yield were observed in the interaction of full agrotin fertilizer application at a concentration of 1.5 in local cultivar. In general, the results showed that the higher concentrations of agrotinane manure were effective in increasing the quantitative and qualitative yield of rice cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Yield and Yield Components Response of Sardari, Azad and Qaboos Wheat Cultivars to Foliar Application of Full Fertilizer in Khorram Abad Climate Conditions
Nasrin Shaban Vahid Mohammad Khani Amir Hossein PapaeiIn order to investigate the impacts of foliar application of full fertilizer in various stages of development, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications, in the 2017-2018 MoreIn order to investigate the impacts of foliar application of full fertilizer in various stages of development, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications, in the 2017-2018 season at research station, Khorramabad, was conducted. Operating tested cultivars (three levels Sardari, Azad, Qaboos) and foliar application of full fertilizer (four levels sprayed with water, sprayed at stem elongation stage, sprayed in the heading and sprayed in grain filling stage), respectively. Results showed that plant head length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain yield in the Qaboos and the highest seed weight obtained in the Azad cultivar. foliar application of full fertilizer at stem elongation resulted to the highest awn length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain yield foliar application of full fertilizer in the heading and the highest grain weight in the grain filling stage. Results showed that the cultivars Qaboos and foliar application of full fertilizer in the heading the biggest yield in wheat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions
Abbas Yazdfar Saeid Sayfzadeh Hamid Reza ZakerinThe present study was done in order to investigate the effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions in spring and summer of 2015 in Qazvin. This experiment as split plot design as RCBD in 3 replications was conducted. The studied fact MoreThe present study was done in order to investigate the effect of Zn, B and Mn on yield of safflower under different humidity conditions in spring and summer of 2015 in Qazvin. This experiment as split plot design as RCBD in 3 replications was conducted. The studied factors included: irrigation interval in 3 levels (I1: irrigation every 6 days, I2: irrigation every 9 days, irrigation every 12 days) as main plot and foliar application in 8 levels (M1: Zn, M2: B, M3: Mn, M4: B Zn, M5: Zn + Mn, M6: Mn + B, M7: B + Zn+ Mn, M8: Water) as sub-plots were considered. Results showed that effects of irrigation and foliar application were significant on grain yield of safflower. The highest grain yield belonged to irrigation every 6 days with mean of 1584 kg/ha and the treatments of irrigation every 9 and 12 days with means of 1438 and 1306 kg/ha had the least grain yield that it were in a common statistically group. The treatment of B + Zn+ Mn with mean of 1579 kg/ha had the most grain yield and the least grain yield was observed in control (water spraying) with mean of 1262 kg/ha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on yield of rapeseed under different irrigation regimes in Boin-Zahra region
Roghayeh Mazarloo Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Hamidreza ZakerinThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irri MoreThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irrigation, I2: cut off irrigation at flowering stage and I3: cut off irrigation at podding stage) as main plot and foliar application in 4 levels (M1: control, M2: Fe, M3: Zn and M4: Fe +Zn) as sub plot were considered. Results showed that irrigation and foliar application as well as their interaction were significant on grain yield. Result indicated normal irrigation with mean of 3544 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The least grain yield was observed in cut off irrigation as flowering. Foliar application of Fe + Zn resulted to increase grain yield. Results demonstrated that the most grain yield was observed in foliar application of Fe + Zn under normal irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Effect of split, application method and rate of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and growth of Guilan local bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Peyman sharifi Zohreh Rad Mehran GholamiAn experiment was carried out to determine the effects of split nitrogen, application method and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and growth of Guilan local bean based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014-2015 growing season at MoreAn experiment was carried out to determine the effects of split nitrogen, application method and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and growth of Guilan local bean based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014-2015 growing season at Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and EducationCenter. The experimental treatments included 1 (control), 2 (two split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1), 3 (two split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage), 4 (three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage), 5 (two split applications applied at 90 kg ha-1), 6 (two split applications applied at 90 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage) and 7 (three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage). Analysis of variance indicated significant effect of fertilizer treatment on plant height, pod yield, dry seed yield, biological yield, harvest index and hundred seed weight. The highest values of plant height (30.83 cm), pod yield (10.10 cm), biological yield (1283.3 kg ha-2) and hundred seed weight (26.16 g) was obtained in the fifth treatment. The highest values of dry seed yield (506 kg ha-1), pod yield (2903.9 kg ha-1) and harvest index (40.33%) was observed in the fourth treatment. It can be concluded that three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 had the potential to increase the dry seed yield compared to the other treatments. Foliar N (with appropriate soil N management) may be a promising strategy for addressing dietary N deficiencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Effect of foliar application of Fe, Zn micronutrients and Ca under supplementary irrigation on rainfed lentil yield
Majid Chegini Hamid Reza Zakerin Eamaeil Hadidi MasulehThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before MoreThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before flowering) as main plot and foliar application in 5 levels (M1: Ca, M2: Zn, M3: Fe, M4: Ca+Zn+Fe and M5: control) as sub plots were considered. Results showed that irrigation, foliar application and their interaction had significant effect on grain yield. Results showed that supplementary irrigation resulted to significant of grain yield (811.6 kg/ha). Results also indicated that foliar application of Ca+Zn+Fe that it was in a common statistically group with Zn foliar application. Ca foliar application had the lowest impact on increase of grain yield. Result showed that the most grain yield was observed in Ca+Zn+Fe foliar application and also Zn application alone under supplementary irrigation. This research proposed that foliar application under supplementary irrigation had the more effect on grain yield compared rainfed condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The effect of micronutrients foliar application of Fe, Cu, Zn and spraying times on wheat yield
Mohammad Bazyar Saeid Sayfzadeh Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh Mohsen YousefiThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at ste MoreThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at stemming stage and spike emergence stage as main factor and the micronutrient elements in 8 levels: non-consumption (pure water), iron, zinc, copper, iron + zinc, iron + copper, copper + zinc and iron + copper + Zinc in sub plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of spraying time (at 5% level), micronutrient elements (at 1% level), and the interaction effect of spraying time × micronutrient elements (at 1% level) on grain yield was significant. The results of comparison of the effect of spray time on grain yield showed that spraying during spike emergence increased grain yield. Spraying at the time of emergence of spike with an average of 6789 kg/ha was significantly superior to stemming stage, and increased by about 5%. The results of the comparison of micronutrient effects on grain yield showed that the coagulation of iron + copper + zinc with the mean of 7483 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The results of comparing the effects of spraying time and micronutrient on grain yield showed that iron + copper + zinc solution had the highest grain yield at spike time. The results also showed that spray application spray increased seed yield of each micronutrient treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The effect of planting pattern and foliar application of micronutrients on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 Sc.
سعيد بداقي mohsen roshdiTo study the effects of sowing pattern and foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 an experiment was done in stripe plot on the basis of randomized complete block design in four replications during the crop year of 2006 in the A MoreTo study the effects of sowing pattern and foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B on yield and yield components of corn Cv. 704 an experiment was done in stripe plot on the basis of randomized complete block design in four replications during the crop year of 2006 in the Agronomical Research Station of Khoy. In this experiment the first factor was in two levels: rectangular and square planting patter. Second factor was foliar application of micronutrients in eight levels which included control, foliar application of Fe, Zn, B, Fe+ Zn, Fe + B, Zn + B and Fe + Zn + B. Foliar application was done in 5000 ppm concentration. Results showed that ear length and seed number on ear were only affected by micronutrients foliar. Interaction of the two factors was significant on harvest index. In general, planting on square pattern and foliar application of micronutrients improved the yield components so that the highest yield was obtained in square pattern with 9.96 ton / ha and in foliar application of Fe, Zn, and B with 10.4 tons/ha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Effect of Potassium Nano Chelate on Physiological and Yield Characteristics of Barley in Phenological Stages under Irrigation Cut-Off Conditions
mohammad sayahi مانی مجدم Alireza ShokuhfarIn order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigati MoreIn order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub treatment consisted: no foliar application (control), 35 mg.L-1 and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano chelate. results showed that the effect of deficit irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate on number of spikes, number of seeds per spike, weight of 1000 seeds, grain yield, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were statistically significant at 1% level of probability. Interaction irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate number of spikes, weight of 1000 seeds, in canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were significant at 1% probability and stomatal conductance at 5% probability level. The highest grain yield was in full irrigation (control) (5308 kg.ha-1) and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-chelate (4854.9 kg.ha-1) and the lowest was in irrigation at anthesis (3169.4 kg.ha-1) and no foliar application (control) (3588 kg.ha-1). the maximum relative water content of leaf was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (73.13%) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (35.99%). maximum stomatal coductance was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (185.87 mlmol.m-2s-1) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (47.99 mlmol.m-2s-1). as a result, foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer at different irrigation cut-off periods cause improves grain yield and leaf water in comparison to control (no foliar application) and is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of Effect of zinc and boron spray on quantitative and qualitative characters of seed corn ( KSC 704 )
kianoush safari فرهاد صادقی احمد قنبریTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain maize, an experiment was conducted with two factors using factorial in a randomized complete block design in Sar-e Pol-e Zahab. Th MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of zinc and boron fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of grain maize, an experiment was conducted with two factors using factorial in a randomized complete block design in Sar-e Pol-e Zahab. The first factor was zinc in four levels ( zero, 0.7, 1.4 and 2.1 kg/ha-1 ) and the second factor was boron in four levels ( zero, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 kg/ha ). Summary results showed that the effect of zinc and boron factors were significant on the stem diameter, number of kernels per row, 100 kernel weight, leaf area index, the amount of zinc and boron in the grain, protein percent and yield and grain yield at the 1% level statically. By increasing the amount of zinc fertilizer consumption, increased the stem diameter, leaf area index, number of kernel per row, 100 kernel weight, the amount of Zn and B in the grain, the amount of protein in the grain and the grain yield. The highest and lowest grain yield belonged to 2.1 kg/ha of Zinc and without the consumption of Zinc fertilizer treatments with 9.560 and 8.000 t ha-1 respectively. The 0.6 kg/ha of boron fertilizer treatment had greatest effect on the stem diameter with 28.9mm, leaf area index with 3.89, seed depth with 11.67 mm, number of kernels per row, with 41 grain and grain yield with 9.43t/ha, and this treatment was the best one. The effect of Zn and B fertilizer interaction on the yield and yield components showed that the treatment of 2.1 kg/ha oh zinc × 0.6 kg/ha boron was superior for all traits such as grain yield with 10.93 t/ha. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024