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Open Access Article

1 - An investigation of the smoothing of financial Ratios by management and the effect on decision users
R. Shabahang M. Hemmat far

The study investigates the smoothing of financial ratios by management and the effects offinancial in formation in accepted companies population in tehran securities exchange.In the study using deductive, inductive approach, firstly with expressing theoritical concepts More

The study investigates the smoothing of financial ratios by management and the effects offinancial in formation in accepted companies population in tehran securities exchange.In the study using deductive, inductive approach, firstly with expressing theoritical concepts andfirst model going toward details of study (Financial statement) ends to inductive result and statistictests.It is disscused two hypothesis in the study, according to theorical bases: which the first oneinvestigates existence financial ratio smoothing and the second one smoothing Analysis of variance(ANOVA) statistics method is used.For testing the first method panel data multiple regression is used For testing second hypothesies.Testing the first hypotesies indecated that financial ratios smoothing behavior in 5% significantlevel for some under the study years (76-81) observed for the most of the investigated.Financial ratios the second hypothesis indicated that the mentioned factors on smoothing index ofsome investigeted financial ratios were efficacious.Among these effective factors the most power Full Factors on financial ratios smoothing indexhas been Agency debt, and the most weak factor has been the size of company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The Relationship Between Corporate Governance and Finance and Profitability in Tehran Stock Exchange listed Firmes
F. Rahnamaye Roudposhti A. Aslani

Quality of controling and directing of firms and their patterns of finance are important discussions incorporate governance in recent years in the world .Ownership is a key element in corporate control andgovernance. Quality of ownership concentration of top stock holde More

Quality of controling and directing of firms and their patterns of finance are important discussions incorporate governance in recent years in the world .Ownership is a key element in corporate control andgovernance. Quality of ownership concentration of top stock holders affect directly patterns of finance.Implementation of specific financing pattern in southeast Asia led to financial crisis. This thesis surveycontrol structure and patterns of financing of listed firms in Tehran stock exchange .Financial datas areissued by Tehran stock exchange in period 2000-2004 in the formes of balance sheet and income statementand other information are used in this thesis .Ownership concentration is measured by the proportion ofshares owned by top one shareholders. The iranian corporate sector’s owenership concentration iscategorized into three groups based on percentage of ownership (i) 0%-33% (ii) 33%-66% (iii) 66%-100%.By firm size, the corporate sector is divided into large, medium, and small companies, depending on capitals.The relationship bettween ownership concentration and firms size are tested, then their relations withpatterns of financing (retained earning, debting, issuing equities) are tested. The effect of each abovevariables on sale and profitability are tested, too. The conclusions indicated, the most important source offinancing in Iranian firms is debting, with average ratio 0.6, and also stock issue with average ratio 0.3 is thesecond, and retained earning with average ratio 0.1 is the thired patterns of financing in compare with othercountries. Ownership and control of corporations in Iran are highly concentrated, ownership concentration oftop one stockholder in Iranian firms held, on average 50/1 percent of shares, is the highest in compare withother countries. Based on a Regression analysis,there is statistically significant relationship between capitaland profitability, increasing in capital led to high profitability and also reduction in depending on financingin debt and a little increase in issuing equities, in Iranian firms .On the other hand, results show a significantpositive relationship between ownership concentration and financial leverage, as measured by total debt – to-total assets ratios.These are consistent with the hypothesis that companies with more concentratedownership tend to engage in higher debt financing because their controling owners do not want to dilute theircontrol by bringing in new equity holders Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Reciprocity collective leadership with hard and soft influence tactics based on Carson (The case of staff Isfahan steel company)
Mohammad Malek Mohammadi Faradonbeh Mohammad Reza Dalvi

Background: One of the new ideas of leadership that emphasizes the active participation of all employees in different activities, leadership is shared. Leadership feed all employees play an active role and to organizational goals attempted and in the meantime one of the More

Background: One of the new ideas of leadership that emphasizes the active participation of all employees in different activities, leadership is shared. Leadership feed all employees play an active role and to organizational goals attempted and in the meantime one of the most important determining factors in leadership effectiveness, success in influencing people and managers of successful has the ability to impact both on the and on the upper arms and the Hmpaygan simultaneously be used. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the three dimensions of collective leadership with soft and hard tactics to influence the staff's Esfahan Steel Company.data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire drawn through the ladder of abstraction that validity and reliability was approved.Results: The method equation modeling, to analyze data and research results show that the dimensions of collective leadership ambiguous task, task cohesion and indoor tactics came in soft and hard, which consists of commitment, consistency there is a positive relationship between resistance and solidarity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - A Method for Target Setting with Share Data
B. Rahmani Parchkolaei Z. Moghaddas

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming technique for evaluatingthe relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and can also be utilized forsetting target. Target setting is one of the important subjects since according to its resu More

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a mathematical programming technique for evaluatingthe relative efficiency of a set of Decision Making Units (DMUs) and can also be utilized forsetting target. Target setting is one of the important subjects since according to its resultsefficiency can be increased. An important issue to be currently discussed, is to set targetwhile considering share data. These data for each individual indicate the share of the unit,which takes part in an activity, from the whole amount which is a predefined constant. It isobvious that the sum of units’ share is equal to the entire amount. Thus, any changes in themagnitude of these data has to be dependent on the changes in data of other units. In thispaper a two-stage procedure is developed to find benchmark units where share data exist. Thefact that all DMUs are jointly projected onto the new efficient frontier and simplicity, are thesignificant features of the proposed method. With a numerical example we demonstrate howthis method works. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Supervision of Commercial Companies in Iranian and German Law with Emphasis on Shareholders’ Rights
tahereh shokri mansor atashneh alireza mazlumrahni

10.30495/jlap.2023.75680.1754

The current research has been carried out with the aim of monitoring commercial companies in Iran and Germany with an emphasis on shareholders' rights. The most important assets of companies are their shareholders. The main characteristic of German law is the involvemen More

The current research has been carried out with the aim of monitoring commercial companies in Iran and Germany with an emphasis on shareholders' rights. The most important assets of companies are their shareholders. The main characteristic of German law is the involvement of shareholders in the supervision of the company in the management of its affairs; In such a way that the representatives of the employees are present in the supervisory board along with the representatives of the shareholders at every stage. The supervisory board in Germany is generally appointed by the shareholders as part of a resolution passed by the shareholders' meeting. If a joint-stock company is subject to the provisions of the formation law, the employees also determine the composition of the supervisory board. While in joint-stock companies, the supervisory board supervises the company's policy, in a limited liability company, this task is generally the responsibility of the company. It is a shareholders' meeting.After that, the discussion of setting up a supervisory board is raised, especially for medium-sized companies. The findings of the research indicate that monitoring in companies has structural and legal challenges, such as the silence of Iran's laws regarding the determination of the relationship between the inspector and the company, the determination of explicit rules in the civil code regarding monitoring in companies, emphasizing the rights of shareholders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Investigating the relationship between the risk of financial turmoil and the wealth created for shareholders by voluntary disclosure
Roghayeh Abdi ملیحه علیفری دنیا احدیان پور پروین

The development of capital markets has increased the pressure on companies for better performance by increasing the awareness of shareholders. Shareholders, as the owners of the business unit, seek to increase their wealth, considering that the increase in wealth is the More

The development of capital markets has increased the pressure on companies for better performance by increasing the awareness of shareholders. Shareholders, as the owners of the business unit, seek to increase their wealth, considering that the increase in wealth is the result of the desired performance of the business unit. Stakeholders of organizations are always interested in being informed about the news and status of companies and are looking for ways to act more accurately and quickly in predicting the future situation, one of them is voluntary disclosure. The purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between the risk of financial turmoil and the wealth created for shareholders with voluntary disclosure. A sample of 91 companies from the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 1395 to 1400 was used to conduct the research. The statistical method of research is multivariate regression. The results of the research showed that the wealth created for shareholders and the voluntary disclosure of information have a significant direct relationship. And financial turmoil risk and information disclosure index have an inverse relationship. Keywords: risk of financial turmoil, wealth created for shareholders, voluntary disclosure Thematic classification: G14, G35, M41 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Political management and share price of the companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange: Test of Political Economy Theory
Mohamadreza Mahdifard Ramezanali Royayee

In the context of political economy, this study investigates relationship between political management and share price in 95 listed firms of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during a seven-year period from 2006 to 2012.Using correlation method and multiple regression techniq More

In the context of political economy, this study investigates relationship between political management and share price in 95 listed firms of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during a seven-year period from 2006 to 2012.Using correlation method and multiple regression technique, We categorize companies in two groups as a theoretical view. First, companies which have directed by political management and second companies which have not political management .The results of this study indicates   that there is a negative relation between political management and firms share price. Our result confirms political economic theory.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Assessing the moderating role of corporate governance system on the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and changes in stock returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange
Elham Farokhi Saeid Jabbarzadeh

10.30495/jfksa.2023.21896

Some studies have shown that investors' emotions can influence their financial and investment decisions, as well as stock returns; On the other hand, stock risk can also affect this relationship; Therefore, the present study has examined the moderating role of corporate More

Some studies have shown that investors' emotions can influence their financial and investment decisions, as well as stock returns; On the other hand, stock risk can also affect this relationship; Therefore, the present study has examined the moderating role of corporate governance system on the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and changes in stock returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.In this study, the independent variable is investors 'feelings and the dependent variable is stock return fluctuations. To test the research hypotheses, the research model estimation method in the form of panel data and analysis based on the model of fixed effects and random effects by Eviews software based on composite data has been used. The sample includes 139 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 1394-1399, which have been selected by a systematic elimination method. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and fluctuations in stock returns. Also showed that the variable of institutional shareholders can moderate the relationship between investors' emotional tendencies and fluctuations in returns. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Analyzing risky and no risky approach of investment opportunities levels on share return prediction ability
Leila Shirnejhad sina kheradyar ebrahim chirani

The goal of this study is analyzing investors’ decision based on different levels of investment opportunities based on risky and no risky approach on share return prediction ability. In this study, concentration is on using three regression models with replacement More

The goal of this study is analyzing investors’ decision based on different levels of investment opportunities based on risky and no risky approach on share return prediction ability. In this study, concentration is on using three regression models with replacement ability on variable coefficient of investment opportunities levels that can analyze share return prediction ability from viewpoint of risky and no risky investors. Study sample includes 113 firms from accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange that includes a time period of ten years from the beginning of 2008 to the end of 2017. Results show that only when investment opportunities level is average, share return prediction ability based on risky approach exists, and against, when investment opportunities level is high and low, share return prediction ability is performed based on investment no risky return. Thus, investment opportunities level has important roles on basis of no risky approach on share return prediction ability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - بررسی تأثیر عامل حساسیت سهامداران، ویژگی های سهام شرکت ها و اثر مومنتوم بر بازده سهام و عملکرد مالی شرکت های پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران
Davood Hamzeh Maryam Khalili Araghi Kambiz Peikarjoo

Investors invest in stock market to gain benefit, so always trying to make a reasonable relationship between the stock price, return and the financial performance; therefore, it is important to identify the effective factors. In this study, effect of investor’s se More

Investors invest in stock market to gain benefit, so always trying to make a reasonable relationship between the stock price, return and the financial performance; therefore, it is important to identify the effective factors. In this study, effect of investor’s sensitivity, stocks properties and the momentum effect on stocks return and financial performance were reviewed and analyzed over the period of 1386 to 1392. The statistical population of this research study is the companies listed on the Tehran Exchange Stock, and the linear regression was used for assumption testing.Methodology- This research is practical, and has examined effect of investor’s sensitivity, stocks properties and the momentum effect on stocks return and financial performance. For the shareholder’s sensitivity evaluation, the EMSI indicator has been used.Results- The shareholder’s sensitivity indicator depicted that investors had risk aversion great deal of 37.48%, during the period of investigation. Hypothesis test results presented that the sensitivity of the shareholders indicator, the ratio of book value of company to the market value, firm’s size and stocks volatility had a significant effect on stock returns. With studying effect of mentioned factors on the performance indexes, following result indicated:Shareholder’s sensitivity, firm size and the ratio of book value of company to the market value have a significant effect on company’s asset return.Firm’s size, stocks volatility and the ratio of book value of company to the market value have a significant effect on stockholder’s equity return.Firm’s size and the ratio of book value of company to the market value have a significant effecton Tobin’s Q ratio.Shareholder’s sensitivity, firm size and the ratio of book value of company to the market value have a significant effect on the ratio of stock prices to corporate profits. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Financial Performance Comparison among Region Managements of Bank and Split the country from provincial effects, and their competitiveness using Constant Market Share
Alireza Erfani Hamidreza Kordlouei M. Mahdi Kakavand Esmaeil Shamsian

In this study a model based on Constant Market Share (CMS) is presented in order to be applied by bank top mangers due to obtaining a proper method to appraise region managers performance. The mentioned method make the macro elements of variation in deposits and facilit More

In this study a model based on Constant Market Share (CMS) is presented in order to be applied by bank top mangers due to obtaining a proper method to appraise region managers performance. The mentioned method make the macro elements of variation in deposits and facilities into their phenomenon which causes them. A holistic view is that considering three major factors vary the amount of deposits and facilities which are: 1. Effects caused by financial and monetary policies that bank cannot have and sort of influence on them, 2: those provincial effects mainly are traits of an specific area, bank is not able to make intangible change on them, 3: making competitive advantages, it indicate the extant of region manager’s effort. This research is going to separate the three aforesaid effects then apply the method in an Iranian private bank. Results show that region managers have not has better performance comparing other competitors Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Analysis among shareholders, creditors and government conflicts in cash interest division approach to game theories
Majid Sabzeh Reza Tehrani Yasser Kargari

One of the most arguable discussions in financial and investment scope is cash interest division of companies and has considered by the great numbers of economists and directors. Therefore, this article shall be study the relationship among shareholders, creditors and g More

One of the most arguable discussions in financial and investment scope is cash interest division of companies and has considered by the great numbers of economists and directors. Therefore, this article shall be study the relationship among shareholders, creditors and government considering to dividend policies approach to game theories. Playing of three players is kind of pure Constant-sum gamer considering to Perfect Information and Non- zero sum game, and any of the players has three strategies in decreasing of paid cash interest and increasing and preserving of current status.  The balance point among three players is viewpoints that shareholders are tend to conserve current status and government and debtors tend to decreasing of cash interest.  But Board of Director members, managing directors and other directors are assigned directly or indirectly by the shareholders, therefore directors’ decisions may be different from balance point and it shall result in their viewpoints be considered more preferable than the others. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Dependency structure between the markets of Iran, Turkey, China and the United Arab Emirates, according the approach of Copula – Markov Switching
S. Mozaffar Mirbargkar Maryam Sohrabi

Studying, and analyzing the dependency structure between the markets at the economic boom and bust have been suggested by the researchers and theorists of different areas. Furthermore, there have been various models to explain the correlation between the financial marke More

Studying, and analyzing the dependency structure between the markets at the economic boom and bust have been suggested by the researchers and theorists of different areas. Furthermore, there have been various models to explain the correlation between the financial markets. Among them, the Copula model has a high ability to recognize the asymmetric dependence structure. The present research is going to study the dependency structure in the financial markets of four countries; Iran, the United Arab Emirates, Turkey and China at the boom and bust cycling in the period of 2014-2017, applying conditional heterogeneity variance model (GARCH), the Markov switching approach, and the Copula functions. The results illustrate that there is an asymmetric structure in every regime, as at the recession time, the correlation between these markets and Iranian market would be higher than the boom time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Relationship Between created shareholder value (csv) and Performance Evaluation Measures in Growth and Value Companies
دنیا احدیان پور پروین

The aime of this study is to analyze the Relationship Between created shareholdervalue (csv) and Internal Performance Measurement in Growth and Value Companiesconsidering to size during 2003-2009 in Exchange Tehran Stock.The results show that there was significant corre More

The aime of this study is to analyze the Relationship Between created shareholdervalue (csv) and Internal Performance Measurement in Growth and Value Companiesconsidering to size during 2003-2009 in Exchange Tehran Stock.The results show that there was significant correlation between the refinedeconomic value added in the growth companies and market value added in valuecompany and shareholder wealth was more than the other variables and inclassification of company in size, in growth companies coefficient between MVA inmedium companies and REVA in large companies and in value companies coefficientbetween MVA in small and medium companies and shareholder wealth was more thanthe other variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Examining the Effect of Corporate Governance Indicators on Credit Ratings with Regard to the EMS model (Case study: Tehran Stock Exchange)
Hoosein Vazifehdust1 Maysam Ahmadvand M. Javad Sadehvand

This study reviews the impact of corporate governance indicators on credit ratings in a sample of firms listed on Tehran stock exchange. Regarding the absence of international credit rating agencies in Iran’s financial market, this paper firstly calculated credit More

This study reviews the impact of corporate governance indicators on credit ratings in a sample of firms listed on Tehran stock exchange. Regarding the absence of international credit rating agencies in Iran’s financial market, this paper firstly calculated credit ratings of selected firms using the emerging market score (EMS) model. The next step was dividing corporate governance indicators into four categories: shareholders’ and stakeholders’ rights, board of directors and its committees, auditing, and transparency and public disclosure. Based on each of these categories, a representative index, and by aggregating four representative indexes, a composite corporate governance index was built. Then, the relationship between these indexes and credit ratings was examined.Results suggest that only governance indicators related to shareholders’ and stakeholders’ rightsare significantly positively correlated with credit ratings. However, combining these indicators with other governance indicators (that is, indicators related to board of directors and its committees, auditing, and transparency and public disclosure), did not have any significant influence on credit ratings of Tehran stock exchange listed firms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Evaluation the relation between intellectual capital and modern variables for performance measurement with creation value emphasis
Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti Hoda Hemmati

With the emergence of knowledge-based economy and changes in thecorporate nature of work, intellectual capital is an important foundationof a company to create value and return.According to importance of intellectual capital (IC), in this study weinvestigate the relatio More

With the emergence of knowledge-based economy and changes in thecorporate nature of work, intellectual capital is an important foundationof a company to create value and return.According to importance of intellectual capital (IC), in this study weinvestigate the relation between IC and modern variables for performancemeasurement with creation value emphasis such as Economic ValueAdded (EVA), Market Value Added (MVA) and Shareholder ValueAdded (SVA).The first stage in the analysis involves calculation of IC with 6 methods,which have been examined in prior researches. In order to achieve theaim of this study the data related to IC, EVA, MVA and SVA aregathered from companies which have been listed in Tehran StockExchange through 1382-1386 by random sampling procedures.Regression and panel methods is used in order to test the hypothesis ofthis research. The results indicate a relation between MVA and IC butaccording to the different results of sixth model we can’t achieve to aunique result about relation between EVA, SVA and IC. Moreover theforth method that used in this research has highest R2, so it’s the bestmodel that we can use for calculation of IC. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The Seasons Effect on the Total Stock Prices for 50 Active Companies in Tehran Stoch Exchange
Zohre Hajiha

This research is on a new field of investment management titledbehavioral finance. The research is about one of the anomalies of theinvestment market named “Visceral inferences “, that proposes there aresome differences and anomalies in the basic variables i More

This research is on a new field of investment management titledbehavioral finance. The research is about one of the anomalies of theinvestment market named “Visceral inferences “, that proposes there aresome differences and anomalies in the basic variables in the market likeshare prices ,in different seasons .therefore, investors can obtainabnormal return in certain seasons. In this study total share prices for 50active companies produced by TSE are examined for the period of 1382to 1386 to compare the reasons if there are any differences betweenprices in any season.The results show significant differences between prices of 50 activecompanies in Tehran Stock Exchange for spring and atom and in theatom average of prices are higher than other seasons . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Effect of Cultural Hegemony to Shareholders Protect: Moderating Role of Social Pressure Tests
saideh mirzaee Mohammadreza Abdoli Alireza Koushkie Jahromi

10.30495/jfksa.2022.20218

Cultural hegemony as a mechanism for the domination of the values considered by those in power today is not limited to large systems of government but also in the arteries of the functions of economic systems; Political; Social and ... has infiltrated and upset the bala More

Cultural hegemony as a mechanism for the domination of the values considered by those in power today is not limited to large systems of government but also in the arteries of the functions of economic systems; Political; Social and ... has infiltrated and upset the balance in the level of protection of the interests of the majority groups that are not dependent on any power. Cultural hegemony by penetrating the capital market has somewhat disturbed the balanced values and information symmetry as the basis of the free circulation system in the market and has caused uncertainty about the functional functions of companies in protecting their interests. The Purpose of this research is the effect of cultural hegemony to protect the interests of shareholders by moderating role of social pressure tests stakeholders. In this study, which was conducted in the period of one year in 2018-2019, the collection tool included two parts of a questionnaire and the data disclosed in the financial statements of Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In fact, in order to improve the level of innovation in the relationship between judgmental and quantitative processes in accounting research, a standard questionnaire was used to collect data on cultural hegemony and social pressures and entropy analysis method was used to collect data on stakeholder protection. Finally, partial least squares analysis (PLS) was used to fit the model. The results showed that cultural hegemony has a negative and significant effect on the protection of shareholders' interests but the result of the second hypothesis of the study showed that the social pressure of stakeholders moderates the negative impact of cultural hegemony on the protection of shareholders' interests. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - A Survey of Income Inequalities in Urban and Rural Areas using Beta Lorenz Curve technique
کامبیز هژبر کیانی علیرضا مرادی

The Study of Income Distribution and its Inequality still poses some theoretical and practical challenges to economists. Research Institutes, International publishing organizations and scientific research Papers produced so far, altogether do acknowledge the very import More

The Study of Income Distribution and its Inequality still poses some theoretical and practical challenges to economists. Research Institutes, International publishing organizations and scientific research Papers produced so far, altogether do acknowledge the very importance of conducting a genuine study on this topic with a view to casting light on untapped dimension of income distribution and related issues. The political and economic repercussion of income distribution and inequality has given this topic an overwhelming importance in the development of new frontiers in economics in general and political economics in particular. In this study attempts were made to use household budget data published by Iran Statistical Center along with Beta Lorenz curve technique introduced by Teekens (1987). The result has been the extraction of Beta Lorenz curve and Gini Coefficient both for rural and urban areas specified in this paper, over the period of 1378-86[1](Iranian calendar) by Iranian colander system). To focus on income Inequality for certain period of time, the entire period was divided into two sub-period viz. (1376-80) and (1381-86). To compare income inequality, using Bootstrap technique, a pseudo statistical population was constructed. The final results reveal that income distribution measure has improved in the second period (1381-86), both in urban and rural areas.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - A study on export structure of manufacturing industries Using Shift-Share Analysis technique
صالح قویدل سیامک علمی حسین رزاقی

This paper aims to evaluate the comparative advantage of manufacturing industries at 2 digit- level of International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), using Shift-Share Analysis model. Towards this end, relevant data on Iran and world export was compiled for th More

This paper aims to evaluate the comparative advantage of manufacturing industries at 2 digit- level of International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), using Shift-Share Analysis model. Towards this end, relevant data on Iran and world export was compiled for the period 1381 - 1385[1]. The specificity of this model is that it delineates and breaks down the changes in the structure of export into three parts viz. world share, structural shift, and competitive shift.  As such, one can classify the manufacturing industries into four groups namely:  1- Economic winners that include isic- 24, isic- 23, isic- 27, isic- 29 and isic-32. . 2- Mixed winners that include isic- 15, isic-16, isic-19, isic-20, isic-21, isic-22, isic-25, isic -26, isic -30, isic 34, isic-35, isic 35, and isic 36. 3- Mixed losers that include isic- 28, isic-31, and isic-33. 4- Economic losers that include isic-17 and isic-18   Manuscript profile

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21 - Sociological Analysis of Socio-Economic Factors Affecting the Collapse of Shareholders' Social Capital in the Tehran Stock Market
Marzieh Bagheri Mostafa Azkia Meysam Mousaei

10.30495/IJSS.2023.72303.1382

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22 - Model of Organization Learning in Islamic Azad University
Ali Shokri Nodeh Esmaeil Kavousy Bahram Ali Shiri Alireza Ebrahimpor

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23 - Does Sustainability Matters for Firm Value: Evidence from China
Aghila Sasidharan Manav Duggal

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Open Access Article

24 - Impact of Buyback Announcement on Share Price: A Company and Industry Wise Analysis
S. Kumar Pradhan R. Kasilingam

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25 - Double jeopardy Effect Strategies, market share Conformity with the bran and behavioral and attitudinal loyalty Football and volleyball fans
Fatemeh Fatahi Rasool Nazari

A model Double jeopardy Effect Strategies, market share Conformity with the bran and behavioral and attitudinal loyalty Football and volleyball fans the main objective of this Research. The present study is an applied research that in terms of strategy, descriptive and More

A model Double jeopardy Effect Strategies, market share Conformity with the bran and behavioral and attitudinal loyalty Football and volleyball fans the main objective of this Research. The present study is an applied research that in terms of strategy, descriptive and the run is Survey While gathering information is the study through questionnaires. Hence, this study is to survey. Subjects were fans of football and volleyball Isfahan and Kashan. The sample size of simple random sampling method using a sample of 384 cases was identified. Measuring instruments of study were brand association Gladden (2013), loyalty Mahoney (2012) and a market share of Porter (2002) the reliability, and respectively (0.82, 0.72 and 0.91) was calculated. Dozens of experts in sports management confirmed face and content validity. Statistical methods of data analysis were both descriptive and inferential. All data from the Social Sciences version 19 statistical Software package LISREL software versions 8.54 and software has been PLS analysis. The results showed that one of the important factors collective Market share, double the growth market risks and to adopt decisions and understanding helps to attract fans. Part of brand loyalty fans has a market share effective. The club and the fans should be happy to create services and facilities to impose proper planning. Manuscript profile

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26 - Investigation the Effects of Consumer Shopping Value on Satisfaction, Loyalty, Word of Mouth and Share of Purchase
M. A. Abdolvand M. Jani

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of consumer shopping value on satisfaction, loyalty, word of mouth and share of purchase. To date, few researchers have conducted comprehensive examinations of the relationships between consumer shopping value, More

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of consumer shopping value on satisfaction, loyalty, word of mouth and share of purchase. To date, few researchers have conducted comprehensive examinations of the relationships between consumer shopping value, satisfaction and loyalty in retailing. Further, the majority of extant research has been limited to upscale retail sectors where the role of the salesperson is crucial and long-term relationships are common. In order to extend the findings of previous researches to additional retail sectors, the current study investigates the complex interrelationships between utilitarian and hedonic shopping values and important retail outcomes for discount retailers. Utilitarian and hedonic shopping value are found to influence key outcome variables including satisfaction, loyalty, word of mouth communication and share of purchases in the highly competitive discount retail sector. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to customers of Hyper Star discount retailing in Tehran. Structural equation modeling (S.E.M) with lisrel sofware was used for the data analysis. The result indicated utilitarian and hedonic shopping values have relationship with satisfaction and satisfaction has effect on loyalty and share of purchase. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - The Survey of Effect of Relationship Quality and Rapport on Word of Mouth
P. Ghaffari Ashtiyani M. Zanjirdar M. Panahi Vanani

Purpose: Because of undeniable importance of word of mouth in marketing especially in the part of  services, studying the underlying  factors is necessary. Because of intangible services and regarding the point that satisfied customers are the missionaries of More

Purpose: Because of undeniable importance of word of mouth in marketing especially in the part of  services, studying the underlying  factors is necessary. Because of intangible services and regarding the point that satisfied customers are the missionaries of the company, companies are encouraged to establish a positive relationship with their customer. Methodology:  This research is applicable in term of target. In terms of method and nature is casual research and of domain relevant branch. Necessary information are collected using questionnaire mean time for analysis of data, structural equation modeling and LISREL software are used. To achieve this purpose, number of sample was estimated to be 384 but to ensure more 425 questionnaires was distributed among costumers of private banks in Arak and at last 386 questionnaires were returned and analyzed. Findings: Result of the research show that a significant relationship exists between dimension of relationship quality, namely trust, satisfaction and commitment and word of mouth. Also existence of significant relationship between shared values on trust and commitment was accepted, but existence of significant relationship between rapport on the word of mouth and trust was not accepted. Research Limitations: This research will only survey the impact of relationship quality and rapport, and ignores other variables that impact word of mouth, but are not in the center of attention of this research. Managerial Implications: Finally it is suggested that bank managers by adopting programs to know the strengths and weaknesses of the competitors, by creating positive relationships and good quality, providing the best services to their customers so that customers will understand the quality in the way of offering services and become missionaries of the company. Originality/value: The model used in this research is a combination of a number of different models and reviews simultaneously the impact of relationship quality and rapport on word of mouth that is original in its type. Manuscript profile

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28 - The Study Some of the Factors Consequences in Relationship Quality Employee - Customer in the Hotel Industry by Fuzzy Logic
A. R. Mosavi M. Ashraf P. Rajaey

The purpose of this study is to help hotel managers improve and upgrade the quality of the relationship with customers. This study examines the link between Share of purchases, Relationship Continuity, Word-of Mouth and Relationship Continuity with Employee-Customer rel More

The purpose of this study is to help hotel managers improve and upgrade the quality of the relationship with customers. This study examines the link between Share of purchases, Relationship Continuity, Word-of Mouth and Relationship Continuity with Employee-Customer relationship quality and then Fuzzy TOPSIS was used to classified them according to priority customers Preferences.  Presented conceptual model is based on the model of Kim and Chaz (2002) and Verdugo and Veerapermal (2009). The samples who were selected through simple random sampling method were 200 clients of Qeshm city hotels in the second quarter of 1389. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires and the results of the questionnaire after the classification. Model variables using Pearson Correlation and Regression and SPSS software analysis showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between the variables (Share of Purchases, Relationship Continuity, Word-of Mouth and Relationship Continuity) as independent variables and quality of service as a dependent variable. The results indicated a positive correlation between independent variables and quality of Relationship and confirmed the hypothesis. Then Excel software and Fuzzy TOPSISmethod were used to rank components as result of quality Relationship between employee and customers as follows: Relationship continuity, Word-of mouth and Share of purchases. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Principles and sources of shareholders' preemprive rights due to the capital increasing (with comparative study in Iranian, American law and Imamie Jurisprudence)
Hossein Sadeghi Hamideh Zaree Mahdi Naser

The right of shareholders to raise equity capital is a right recognized in all legal systems. The main question of the present study is what are the foundations and sources of this right in the perspective of Iranian, American and Imamieh legal systems? The legal basis More

The right of shareholders to raise equity capital is a right recognized in all legal systems. The main question of the present study is what are the foundations and sources of this right in the perspective of Iranian, American and Imamieh legal systems? The legal basis of this right to purchase and subscribe for new shares arising from the increase in capital in the US legal system is the prevention of the reduction of various shareholder rights, an issue that is also valid in Iranian law. In addition, jurisprudential rules such as the rule of loss and the rule of law can also be considered as the basis for the right of priority. In Iranian law, the law is the source of this right, but in American law the right is the product of a judicial procedure, law, and company statute that have two general approaches. Except as stipulated in the Statute of Priority, shareholders do not, except the Statute, deny this right unless the Statute has denied this right, while the legal provisions relating to the right of priority in Iranian law are applicable and the possibility of infringement Contrary to that, there is no company statute. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Effect of voluntary disclosure on value relevance of earnings per share
احمد خدامی پور رامین محرومی

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of voluntary disclosure onvalue relevance of earnings per share. The statistical society includes companiesaccepted in Tehran Stock Exchange(TSE), and the time span of the study is from thebeginning of 2007 More

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of voluntary disclosure onvalue relevance of earnings per share. The statistical society includes companiesaccepted in Tehran Stock Exchange(TSE), and the time span of the study is from thebeginning of 2007 up to the end of 2010. Based on the assumption that an increasedfocus on the informational needs of investors should increase the quality ofaccounting information, we expect that greater voluntary disclosure levels will beassociated with greater value relevance of earnings per share as one of the mostimportant accounting information. The results show that voluntary disclosure nosignificant influence on the value relevance of earnings per share. An importantreason for this conclusion can disability of investors and other users of thefinancial reports to use the accounting information to be disclosed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Justice Shares and Earnings Quality: A Political Economy Perspective
Mohsen Imeni fereydoon rahnama bahman banimahd hashem nikoomaram

10.30495/jma.2022.21072

Political economy, social science is that explores the dynamic interaction between market forces and the government, and examines the effects of the tension and conflict between the two is in the community. The influence of political powers is effectively on firms' perf More

Political economy, social science is that explores the dynamic interaction between market forces and the government, and examines the effects of the tension and conflict between the two is in the community. The influence of political powers is effectively on firms' performance, and corporate managers that are at the center of political attention, they find motivated to adapt to accounting practices through which they can manage earnings. Under justice Share's scheme, the government is required to distribute shares of profitable state-owned firms to the public; And may these companies managers through the use of political influence their manage earnings, and therefore will be important the study of the effect of this influence on the quality of earnings. This research studies the effect justice shares on the quality of earnings, with an emphasis on political economy perspective in the listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange. Linear multivariate models have been used to test the relationship between research variables. The research sample consisted of 130 firms during the years 2012 to 2017 (6 years period). The results of the research indicate that the existence of justice shares in the ownership structure has a significant negative effect on the quality of earnings. Because in the developing countries, the economic system is dominated the connection and influence of government, and therefore be controlled and supported by the state and its affiliated institutions; thus, the influence of government and political management in companies can reduce their quality of earnings. Hence, the results of the research confirm the application of the theory of political economy regarding the adoption of macroeconomic policies (justice shares) and their effects on the quality of earnings Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Factors affecting Dividend Payout Ratio and Comparing Forecast Accuracy of Dividend Payout Ratio using Regression Model and Neural Network in Iran Over-The-Counter (OTC) Market
Hamid Reza Chegini Mohsen Hamidian Negar Khosravi Pour

This article aims to study the factors affecting the dividend payout ratio and compare the forecast accuracy of neural network and regression models using the data for the companies listed on Iran OTC market. This article also studies the relationship of last year divid More

This article aims to study the factors affecting the dividend payout ratio and compare the forecast accuracy of neural network and regression models using the data for the companies listed on Iran OTC market. This article also studies the relationship of last year dividend payout ratio, fixed assets to total assets ratio, current ratio, assets-to-debt ratio, revenue growth, accounting earnings quality ratio, and cash return on assets as independent variables with dividend payout ratio as dependent variable. For hypothesis testing, second-order multiple egression model was employed with a sample size of 50 companies in OTC market during a 5-year period of which their end of fiscal year was from March 20th, 2011 to September 22nd, 2015. The results showed that last year dividend payout ratio, fixed assets to total assets ratio, current ratio, assets-to-debt ratio, and accounting earnings quality ratio have no significant relationship with the dependent variable. Revenue growth and cash return on assets, however, have a positive, significant relationship with dividend payout ratio. Findings also indicate that forecast error of neural network is smaller than that of regression model. Therefore, neural network gives better forecast Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Studying the relation between Corporate Governance Mechanisms on the Amount of Created Shareholders Value
قدرت اله طالب نیا نظام الدین رحیمیان مجتبی باقری نویر

This study is aimed to provide evidence on the relationship between the corporateGovernance mechanisms and the amount of created shareholders value. Independentvariables of the study are corporate Governance mechanisms, which are examinedfrom four aspects, including num More

This study is aimed to provide evidence on the relationship between the corporateGovernance mechanisms and the amount of created shareholders value. Independentvariables of the study are corporate Governance mechanisms, which are examinedfrom four aspects, including number of institutional investors, investment ratio ofinstitutional investors, independence of the members of the board of directors, and theratio of nonexecutive directorse. The dependent variable of the study is the createdshareholders value, which is measured based on the Pablo Fernandez Model. PabloFernandez believes that since book values are used in the calculation of the EconomicValue Added (EVA), the calculations lack a sufficient reliability and may result indecision makers’ mistakes. Pablo Fernandez proposed a model in which marketvalues of shares are used instead of book values. The control variable of the study isthe size of the company. In this study, the dependent variable is tested with a oneyearinterval in comparison with the independent variables. The statistical samplewas selected based on the systematic deletion and the application of limitations,resulting in the selection of 98 corporations listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange(TSE) during 2004-08 For testing the relation between independent and dependentvariable of the study, simple and multiple regression methods were used. Generally,the results of the study indicate that there is no significant relationship between thecorporate Governance mechanisms and the amount of created shareholders value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Study of the relation between Asymmetric information and Dividend Policies
Hamidreza Vakilifard Ghodratollah Talebniya Mehdi Ali Hoseyni

This research shows the relation between Asymmetric Information andDividend Policies in the accepted companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange ofsecurities. Asymmetric information means the asymmetry of informationbetween investors and financial statement producers .To mea More

This research shows the relation between Asymmetric Information andDividend Policies in the accepted companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange ofsecurities. Asymmetric information means the asymmetry of informationbetween investors and financial statement producers .To measure theAsymmetric Information, the earning per share and dividend per share are usedduring a 6 years period from 2002 to 2007.Dividend policies of the companies are separated into four policies: Paying afixed percent of net profit, regular dividend policy, multiple increase policy,and extras dividend .The companies have one of these dividend policies basedon definition of each policies and dividend, which is paid to the stockholdersper year.Analysis of gathered information and test of hypotheses during 2002-2007show that there is a significant relation between Asymmetric Information anddividend policy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Analysis of the relationship between Corporate Governance and Economic Value Added (EVA) in Tehran Stock Exchange
محمد رضا اولی مهدی قائمی اصل سعیده امین زادگان الناز عظیمی

The present study is based on experimental of the relationship between corporategovernance and economic value added With a sample of n = 122 firms listed in Tehran StockExchange during the period 1388 to 1385.The present study is descriptive - analytical studybased on p More

The present study is based on experimental of the relationship between corporategovernance and economic value added With a sample of n = 122 firms listed in Tehran StockExchange during the period 1388 to 1385.The present study is descriptive - analytical studybased on panel data. In analyzing the data stepwise and multiple regression methods wereused and to estimate regression fixed effects, random effects and ordinary least squaresmethods were used. The results indicate that among the five elements of corporate governanceonly institutional investor ownership variable have significant and positive impacts oneconomic value added. Moreover, causality of this variable with economic value added isconfirmed by Granger causality test. Iran Khodro investment in mining and metals andSaipa, respectively, have the highest impact on corporate governance on economic valueadded. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Positive Change of Earnings Per Share and Share Price: Functional Fixation Hypothesis
بهمن بنی مهد مهدی مراد زاده فرد فاطمه مروارید عراقی

The objective of this study is to investigate functional fixation hypothesis in the TehranStock Exchange(TSE). Functional fixation hypothesis will be study from differentapproaches. In this study , we first examine above hypothesis by investigating relationshipbetween p More

The objective of this study is to investigate functional fixation hypothesis in the TehranStock Exchange(TSE). Functional fixation hypothesis will be study from differentapproaches. In this study , we first examine above hypothesis by investigating relationshipbetween positive change of earnings per share and share price, second, by relationshipbetween earnings management and share price. Sample of study are 100 firms during a 6-year period from 2005 to 2011. Using correlation method and multiple linear regressiontechnique, the results of this study show that there is a positive relation between positivechange of earnings per share and share price. Research evidence also show a positiverelation between earnings management and share price. This issue confirm functionalfixation hypothesis in TSE . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Developing a Judicial Accounting Paradigm in the Fluctuation of the Level of Protection of Shareholders' Profits in Companies: An Analysis Based on the Thorndike's Theory Test
Somayeh Sharifi Seyed Ali Vaez mehdi basirat

The Purpose of this research is developing a Judicial Accounting Paradigm in the Fluctuation of the Level of Protection of Shareholders' profits in Companies by Thorndike's Theory Test. In this study, which was conducted in the period of one year in 2018-2019, the colle More

The Purpose of this research is developing a Judicial Accounting Paradigm in the Fluctuation of the Level of Protection of Shareholders' profits in Companies by Thorndike's Theory Test. In this study, which was conducted in the period of one year in 2018-2019, the collection tool included two parts of a questionnaire and the data disclosed in the financial statements of Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In fact, in order to improve the level of innovation in the relationship between judgmental and quantitative processes in accounting research, a standard questionnaire was used to collect data on the development of the judicial paradigm and entropy analysis was used to collect data on the protection of Shareholders' profits. Then, the total results of companies' evaluation in terms of judicial accounting effectiveness were examined based on two criteria of companies with protection of high shareholders' interests and protection of low shareholders' profits by multivariate maneuver tests, repeated measures analysis of variance and post hoc tests. The results of the research hypothesis test showed that the judicial accounting paradigm in companies with high protection of shareholders 'interests compared to companies with low protection of shareholders' interests is significantly different. In fact, this result shows the link between the judicial accounting paradigm as a stimulus and a factor to protect the interests of shareholders which aims to create a coherent approach to comply with accounting outputs with laws and regulations and detect financial irregularities to increase sensitivities to protect the interests of shareholders and has the function of building trust among shareholders in the company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Investigation of the accounting conservatism effect on decision usefulness
Hashem Nikoomaram Hamidreaza Vakilifard Roohallah Dehghan Banadaki

This study analyzes the impact of accounting conservatism on decision usefulness.The hypothesis of the study were tested by making use of the mixed data of thecorporations accepted into the Securities Market from years 1381 to 1386. Thefindings of the study show that ac More

This study analyzes the impact of accounting conservatism on decision usefulness.The hypothesis of the study were tested by making use of the mixed data of thecorporations accepted into the Securities Market from years 1381 to 1386. Thefindings of the study show that accounting conservatism has no decision usefulness inthe Iranian Securities Market. In other words, against the given theory in the sharedconceptual framework, there were not observed any relations between conservatismand decision usefulness in Iran. It is possible that this issue is affected by theinefficiency of the Iranian market, which is dependent on some information other thanthe accounting and financial information, and is less affected by the financial andaccounting information. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - The survey of effective factors on Equity Valution in the Presence of Accounting Noise (Empirical Evidence using profit Margins) in the accepted companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange
عباس طالب بیدختی سمیه علیشاهی

The main purpose of is studying effective factors on equity valution in the presenceof accounting noise ( Empirical Evidence using profit Margins) in the acceptedcompanies in theTehran Stock Exchange. Dependent variables in the present research market priceper share and More

The main purpose of is studying effective factors on equity valution in the presenceof accounting noise ( Empirical Evidence using profit Margins) in the acceptedcompanies in theTehran Stock Exchange. Dependent variables in the present research market priceper share and the independent variables are: the book values per share, measures ofprofit for per share, deviation of the profit measures per share, the differencebetween net profit and measures of profit for per share. The main hypothesis of thisstudy includes a main hypothesis and three sub-hypothesis. The studied period of thestudy is 1381 to 1386 years and selected pattern includes 69 companies. In order totest hypotheses, since the analysis of independent several variables are effective toexplain or the dependent variable changes, the multi-variable regression was used.The results of the main hypothesis suggests that the gross profit deviation, the profitdeviation before tax deduction and net profit deviation have a positive significanteffect on market prices, and operating profit per share doesn't significantly effect onmarket price per share, but among three profit standards deviation that have asignificant relation with the market price per share, just gross profit deviation embedsinto the optimum and the AEK model, when j = 4, is complete and is as following:P=2772.88 + 2.19 EPS4 +2.92 DIF4+2.03 S4+ 1.61 BPSAEK model indicates that accounting noise more likely occurs in the gross profitand this finding these noise and can be effective for price adjustment of market price.The results of sub-hypotheses indicate that the book value per share, measures ofprofit for per share, the difference between net profits and measures of profit per sharewith market price per share has a significant relation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - The presentation of the impact assessment pattern of Corporate Governance mechanisms on the Earnings Management in Tehran Stock Exchange
فریدون رهنمای رودپشتی فرشاد هیبتی قدرت اله طالب نیا سیدعلی نبوی چاشمی

The role of corporate governance is to reduce the divergence of interests betweenshareholders and managers. The role of corporate governance is more useful whenmanagers have an incentive to deviate from shareholders’ interests. One example ofmanagement’s dev More

The role of corporate governance is to reduce the divergence of interests betweenshareholders and managers. The role of corporate governance is more useful whenmanagers have an incentive to deviate from shareholders’ interests. One example ofmanagement’s deviation from shareholders’ interests is the management of earningsthrough the use of accounting accruals. Corporate governance is likely to reduce theincidence of earnings management. Corporate governance is also likely to improveinvestors’ perception of the reliability of a firm’s performance, as measured by theearnings, in situations of earnings management. Prior studies show different results ofthe association between corporate governance mechanisms and earnings management.The primary objective of this dissertation is to examine the association betweencorporate governance internal mechanisms (ownership concentration, boardindependence, CEO dominance and board size) and external mechanism (institutionalshareholders) and earnings management. Firm size and leverage are control variables.The population used in this study comprises firms listed on the Tehran StockExchange (TSE) between 2004 and 2008, the sample comprises 196 firms. Panel Datamethod is employed as technique to estimate the model. Also, hypotheses examinedin different industries. I find that firms with higher ownership concentration and boardindependence manage earnings less, while firms with higher institutional holdingsmanage earnings more, but No evidence of significant association was found betweenthe existence of CEO-Chairman duality and earnings management. This study alsofound a positive significant association between firm size and leverage and earningsmanagement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - The Impact of Corporate Governance’s Mechanisms on the Relationship of Managerial Ability and Created Shareholders Value
Younes Badavar Nahandi Nesa Heshmat

Since the application and development of corporate governance mechanisms will lead to the development of financial markets and encouragement of investment by assuring investors, the correct implementation of these mechanisms give rise to decrease conflicts of interests More

Since the application and development of corporate governance mechanisms will lead to the development of financial markets and encouragement of investment by assuring investors, the correct implementation of these mechanisms give rise to decrease conflicts of interests between managers and owners and provide incentives for managers to increase the value of the company and achieve the goals of stockholders. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the impact of mechanisms’ of corporate governance on the relationship between managerial ability and created shareholders value. The sample of this study contains of 124 firms for the period 2007-2016. To test the research hypotheses it has been used a multi-variable regression model. The research results show that managerial ability is positively associated with firm value and corporate governance mechanisms intensify this positive relationship. Indeed, in the firms with high rank of corporate governance the more managerial ability will cause to increase shareholders value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Corporate Sustainability: Theoretical and Integrated Strategic Imperative and Pragmatic Approach
Hassan Chenari Bouket Bahman Banimahd

Corporate sustainability is an economic and strategic imperative concept with the potential to create opportunities and risks for different type of businesses. The tension and possible relation between economic sustainability performance (ESP) and non-financial environm More

Corporate sustainability is an economic and strategic imperative concept with the potential to create opportunities and risks for different type of businesses. The tension and possible relation between economic sustainability performance (ESP) and non-financial environmental, social, and governance (ESG) sustainability performance have been broadly yet ineffectively discussed in business literatures. This paper focuses to fill this gap by proposing a framework containing four integrated strategies of the sustainability theory integration, sustainable shared value creation, continuous performance improvements, and sustainability performance reporting and assurance. Proposals are advanced for each of these strategies in promoting future sustainability research works. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Providing a pattern learning organization in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting organization
دکتر رضا نجف بیگی هما درودی

This paper has attempted to study learning organization characteristics, based onsenge’s original learning organization model in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcastingorganization in order to provide, an applicable pattern learning organization, toconsider seng&rsq More

This paper has attempted to study learning organization characteristics, based onsenge’s original learning organization model in Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcastingorganization in order to provide, an applicable pattern learning organization, toconsider seng’s disciplines, namely, personal mastery, mental models, shared vision,team learning and systems thinking.The methodology was descriptive-survey-and research tool was questionnairewhich was carry out among employees and managers who was selected as sample. Inorder to analyse the collected data, descriptive and deductive statistics was used.Findings showed that the organization is fairly far from an effective learningorganization. Morover, it seems that employees’ performance in team learning andchanges in mental models are more satisfactory than managers. Regarding othercharacteristics of learning organizations, there are similarites in learning attempts byemployees and managers.According to analyses findings and theoretical issues to lead the organization intoa suitable situation and decrease the distance, to effective situation and reinforcementof skills, an applicable pattern and executive advises in this field are suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Employment Problem and Sustainable Development Strategy; Using Shift- Share Analysis
حمید سپهردوست مهسا باروتی

10.30495/jisds.2007.21209

Lorestan province, despite abundant natural resources, climate variability, water, vast plains, various minerals, abundant and rich human resource and suitable potential of tourism attraction posses a poor status in the country in national level and over the years, has More

Lorestan province, despite abundant natural resources, climate variability, water, vast plains, various minerals, abundant and rich human resource and suitable potential of tourism attraction posses a poor status in the country in national level and over the years, has failed to earn a good share of the national economy. The main objective of present study is to investigate the proportionate and disproportionate growth rate of employment in Lorestan province of Iran during the period of 2001-2011, compared to the rest of the county (Reference Sector) at national level, using Shift-Share and Location Quotient models. By measuring Location Quotient (LQ) coefficients, the results show that from the view point of employment rate and its share in different economic sectors, the agricultural sector still remains to be a basic and fundamental sector (LQ=1.81) compared to other sectors of industry (LQ=0.79) and services (LQ=0.85) of Lorestan province, during the period of study. Generally as a policy making result, it is concluded that the path way designed to achieve relative advantages in agricultural sector of Lorestan, proved to be just in the way of relative advantages policy designed for the country. While it could not happen for Lorestan to keep pace with national policy designed for other two sectors of the economy, i.e. industrial and services. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Sociological analysis of socio-economic factors affecting the attraction of shareholders in Tehran stock market
marziyeh bagheri mostafa azkia Meysam Mousai

10.30495/jisds.2023.71844.11857

 The stock exchange is one of the main pillars of the country's economy, and paying attention to thisorganization not only brings prosperity to this organization, but also to the growth and development of thenational economy, for this reason, the factors that have More

 The stock exchange is one of the main pillars of the country's economy, and paying attention to thisorganization not only brings prosperity to this organization, but also to the growth and development of thenational economy, for this reason, the factors that have the ability to influence this organization in some wayshould be analyzed. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis ofsocio-economic factors affecting the attraction of shareholders in the Tehran stock market. This research isconsidered as an exploratory research from the objective dimension, and from the strategy dimension, it wasclassified as non-experimental, field and qualitative research. The participating community of this researchconsists of all the shareholders of Tehran Stock Exchange in 2013-2014, who were selected through purposefulsampling until reaching theoretical saturation. Data were collected using unstructured open interviews andanalyzed through the systematic method of Strauss and Corbin. In general, the achievements of the fieldresearch include a central category, 4 main categories, 67 sub-categories and 139 concepts. In the sociologicalinvestigation of socio-economic factors affecting the attraction of shareholders in the Tehran stock market, fourapproaches and paradigm models were found in the form of investment behavior, investment to earn income forthe future, social contexts affecting the negative attitude towards the stock market and the lack of economicknowledge related to the stock market. The next stages of the research and the deeper examination of thesubjects and categories showed that the previous phenomena are part of the major and bigger phenomena underthe title of lack of institutionalization, abandonment and risk of investing in the stock market.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - The Evaluation of Employment Problem and Sustainable Development Strategy Using Shift-Share Analysis
Hamid Sepehrdoust Mahsa Barouti

Since the issue of human resource employment plays an important role in regional planning and economic growth of the countries, therefore it is necessary to find out the mainstream of factors affecting on employment growth within different economic sectors of the countr More

Since the issue of human resource employment plays an important role in regional planning and economic growth of the countries, therefore it is necessary to find out the mainstream of factors affecting on employment growth within different economic sectors of the country. Lorestan province, despite abundant natural resources, climate variability, water, vast plains, various minerals, abundant and rich human resource and suitable potential of tourism attraction possess a poor status in the country in national level and over the years, has failed to earn a good share of the national economy. The main objective of present study is to investigate the proportionate and disproportionate growth rate of employment in Lorestan province of Iran during the period of 2001-2011, compared to the rest of the county (Reference Sector) at national level, using Shift-Share and Location Quotient models. By measuring Location Quotient (LQ) coefficients, the results show that from the view point of employment rate and its share in different economic sectors, the agricultural sector still remains to be a basic and fundamental sector (LQ=1.81) compared to other sectors of industry (LQ=0.79) and services (LQ=0.85) of Lorestan province, during the period of study. Generally as a policy making result, it is concluded that the path way designed to achieve relative advantages in agricultural sector of Lorestan, proved to be just in the way of relative advantages policy designed for the country. While it could not happen for Lorestan to keep pace with national policy designed for other two sectors of the economy, i.e. industrial and services. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - The study of socio-economic characteristics of the rural women and their contribution in the household income. Case study: The rural women of Divandareh town
M.S Aliyayi

Besides their responsibilities in the family institution as a mother and wife, the Iranian women play important roles in the economic affairs and in the rural regions in the production affairs as well. Amid this situation, the role of rural women in the production and a More

Besides their responsibilities in the family institution as a mother and wife, the Iranian women play important roles in the economic affairs and in the rural regions in the production affairs as well. Amid this situation, the role of rural women in the production and agricultural activities including plantation, harvesting, animal husbandry and gardening are more noticeable. Furthermore, the role which they play in the family's responsibilities is considerable and perhaps it is more than that of the urban women.    In this article, the socio-economic characteristics of the women in the rural areas of Divandareh town and their share in the family income with regard to the value of the labor force being produced by them in the production activities have been reviewed.   Using a survey method, this study selected 177 sample households on the basis of random sampling out of four various rural districts. Moreover, the collection data was performed by using questionnaire technique and oral interviews.    The finding of this research shows that there is a meaningful co-efficiency between the variable of the women's' labor force value and their share in the household income.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - The evaluation of amount of pardis new city establishment succes in absorbing extra population from tehran capital city
رحیم سرور بیژن صفوی بهروز درویش‌‌‌‌‌ ورچه زاده

introduction and Aim: move than half a century,new cities theory applied in various form in previous sociolistic and third word system and leads to different results.in according to population growth, capital cities involved with lots of proplems, and following decrease More

introduction and Aim: move than half a century,new cities theory applied in various form in previous sociolistic and third word system and leads to different results.in according to population growth, capital cities involved with lots of proplems, and following decrease of life quality in them dueto. Economic, social and bio environmental problems and compression of population and activited in capital cities, leads to decentralize, control of immigration and absorb of capital cities extra population in domain of these cities, the present survay full filled to investing the amount succes of pardis new city establishment in absorbing extra population of tehran Method: in this study, analytic and descriptive manner are used, first gathering data about the case study (description) and then analysis of data by use of SWOT table analysis. Findings: 1) tehran_pardis highway is one of the most important factors in immigration  to pardis, Which is one of the main way of access to pardis suburban .2) most important irritation factors of immigration, is joa and employment that based on last census of 1390, following family and seeking job are most important factors in immigration to tehran province . 3) fundamental foundation are  the main problems of pardis residents, the sample of this problem is lock of forming complete system of city gas, which lock of facilities and services predicated as one of most important factors in unsuccess of pardis new city in absorbing population and un satisfaction of residents . 4) growth rate of tehran city was less than grotwh rate of them province which in recent decaded growth of them population distributes more in cities around tehran. Conclusion: with population study of tehran capital city and other city places of tehran, we end to this conclusion that in over all evaluation pardis could not achive the predicated amount of absorbing population and if population have extered to pardis, it has not major effect on decrebse of population in Tehran. Also in this study we concluded that new city has factors can help to absorb population in new cities such as: proper finding location, various accesses to other place, job opportunity for residents and services relative to house. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Resource allocation problems in data envelopment analysis with ‎simultaneous shared costs and common revenue
Kaveh Khalili-Damghani Farzin Noorzadeh ARASH Apornak

10.30495/ijdea.2022.66147.1153

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Human resources attitude towards knowledge management application (Case Study)
Fatemeh Helaliyan Motlagh Mohammad Hasanzadeh Fatemeh zandian

Purpose: In this era of knowledge and creativity are likely to draw the attention of managers on issues and subsequently, Danshgra people are more important than pragmatic people. Thus, this study aims to identify the attitudes of staff of the South Pars Special Economi More

Purpose: In this era of knowledge and creativity are likely to draw the attention of managers on issues and subsequently, Danshgra people are more important than pragmatic people. Thus, this study aims to identify the attitudes of staff of the South Pars Special Economic Energy Zone petrochemical companies to use their knowledge management.. Methodology: A descriptive - survey. The population included 11,424 employees, 13 of South Pars Petrochemical Special Economic Zone, which according to Morgan as the sample size was 370 people. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. Its validity was confirmed by experts and professors and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine its reliability and 0/91 reliability was determined. Data analysis using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (Spearman, I'm Whitney, Kruskal -Valys) software was SPSS21. Findings: The findings show that a positive attitude toward the application of knowledge management. And a significant positive correlation between gender, age, education and years of service with the attitude of the staff there. Moreover, based on the findings Mnadray difference between these variables and attitude toward applied knowledge management in the organization. Conclusion: Results of this study was to understand the accretion of knowledge and knowledge management in the organization, effective and accurate decisions in the light emphasizes knowledge sharing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Analyzing the Conflict of Allocating Environmental Water Share Among Rival Governmental Organizations
Hossein Zanjanian Mohammad Hossein Niksokhan Mojtaba Ardestani Hamid Abdolabadi Mehdi Ghorbani

10.22034/jest.2021.23374.3249

Background and Objective: Since allocating water to satisfy environmental water share can cause a conflict among governmental organizations supplying water, withdrawing water, and protecting the ecosystem, recognizing and analyzing such situations is paramount significa More

Background and Objective: Since allocating water to satisfy environmental water share can cause a conflict among governmental organizations supplying water, withdrawing water, and protecting the ecosystem, recognizing and analyzing such situations is paramount significance and can avoid encountering serious conflicts. In this research, we analyzed the actions of involved organizations which are either using or supplying water from Ilam’s dam to find the equilibria and the possible outcomes of the conflict. Method: We used Graph Model for Conflict Resolution to study the actions and strategies of rival organizations managing water allocation and involving in water conflict. The involved organizations are determined based on uses of Ilam’s dam. To define the strategies, all the measures and decisions of these organizations have been studied since 2005. In addition, the effect of drought years on the players’ actions is taken into account. Finally, we compared the status-quo with the results of the base line strategy of the model. Findings: Equilibria results suggest that in states 27 and 32 the Jihad Agriculture Organization and the Water and Wastewater Companyare interested in withdrawing more water to achieve their goals. As a result, the Department of Environment will complain against them to protect ecosystem and provide the required environmental water share. In this case, the Regional Water Authority and the Governorship can play a dominant role in accomplishing to the stable outcomes. Furthermore, it is shown that the status-quo is not stable. Discussion and Conclusion: Analyzing this conflict indicates that all players have enough power to change the game's output. Therefore, their goals and measures can effectively change the equilibria and the future of the conflict Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - The impact of supporting minority shareholders and the majority stakeholder's patience on the relationship between managing information impact and corporate performance
Nima Afzalpour farzin rezaei Abdolsamad Khalatbari Limaki

Impact management is an opportunistic and informed behavior that is expressed as a targeted management strategy in the presentation of a bi-directional financial statement by the managers in the organization, and by fully disclosing the effective information related to More

Impact management is an opportunistic and informed behavior that is expressed as a targeted management strategy in the presentation of a bi-directional financial statement by the managers in the organization, and by fully disclosing the effective information related to the performance appraisal of companies, affect the perceptions of users of information and their perceptions in the direction Acquiring or protecting its interests.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supporting minority shareholders and the majority shareholders' fortitude on the relationship between managing information impact on corporate performance in companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, the required data from 79 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2017 was collected.The results of the research indicate that information management has a negative and significant effect on the company's performance, and support for minority shareholders strengthens the relationship between information management and performance, and the majority shareholder's patience strengthens the relationship between information management and performance impact, but the impact The recovery between the management of the impact of information on performance and the willingness of majority shareholders is no more than the protection of minority shareholders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Identify the dimensions of the ethical foundations model in accounting education and rank them
fatemeh nasouri

The present study seeks to identify and rank the dimensions and components of the model of ethical foundations of accounting education and shareholder willingness based on the Confucius model. The present research is of developmental-applied type and is of descriptive-s More

The present study seeks to identify and rank the dimensions and components of the model of ethical foundations of accounting education and shareholder willingness based on the Confucius model. The present research is of developmental-applied type and is of descriptive-survey type and the data collection tool is a questionnaire. The study population consisted of university administrators, professors, and professors, whose views on the proposed dimensions and components were extracted from the theoretical foundations and background of the research, and finally included 12 experts. The level is saturated and purposeful. After distributing the questionnaire of experts and collecting research data, the results were performed based on fuzzy Delphi method and ranking using ANP software. Examining the background of the research and the theoretical foundations of the dimensions of the model were identified, which include ethical skills, ethical behavior, individual ethical foundations, binding ethical foundations, Confucius principles and the perspective of shareholders' desire (value). After identifying the dimensions, by examining the opinion of experts and their comments, the results with fuzzy Delphi analysis, the approved components are as follows: sensitivity, honesty, human dignity, sincerity and purity, etc. Examining the dimensions of the research, it can be stated that from the experts 'point of view, ethical skills have the first priority in comparison with other dimensions, as well as individual ethical foundations, binding ethical foundations, ethical behavior, perspective of shareholders' desire (value), The principles of Confucius are in the next priority. The components were also ranked. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - The moderating impact of the majority stakeholder's patience on managing the impact of information and corporate performance: A case study of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange
hosein rostami farzin rezaei Abdolsamad Khalatbari

Impact management is an opportunistic and informed behavior that is expressed as a targeted management strategy in the presentation of a bias report by managers in an organization that affects users' perceptions of information and changes their perceptions to achieve or More

Impact management is an opportunistic and informed behavior that is expressed as a targeted management strategy in the presentation of a bias report by managers in an organization that affects users' perceptions of information and changes their perceptions to achieve or protect their interests. Applying appropriate supervision by majority shareholders tends to limit the opportunistic and profitable behavior of managers. Hence, the traditional role of corporate governance mechanisms is the suppression of opportunistic behavior to protect corporate shareholders, and is Carter's performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the moderator of majority tolerance on information management and corporate performance in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this research is applied and from the methodological point of view is descriptive-correlational research. For this purpose, the required data from 79 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2007 to 2016 was collected. The results of the research indicate that the various corporate governance mechanisms that are used to direct and control companies internally and externally reduce the impact of information management practices. The results of assumptions indicate that information management has a negative and significant effect on the firm's performance, but the majority shareholder's patience reinforces the relationship between information management and performance impact. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Investigating some corporate governance mechanisms and its effect on stock value and projected income in companies listed on the stock exchange
MISAGH AKHOONDI Abdolmajid Dehghan

Tensions between the rights of individuals and organizations have been fundamental problems in societies.Financial markets and powerful corporations are growing dramatically around the world.In the face of this growth, there must be targeted legal and regulatory tools f More

Tensions between the rights of individuals and organizations have been fundamental problems in societies.Financial markets and powerful corporations are growing dramatically around the world.In the face of this growth, there must be targeted legal and regulatory tools for corporate accountability.Corporate governance is designed in the same framework.Corporate governance system is a reaction to the issue of representation and to the separation of ownership from management or, more commonly, the separation of ownership from control of companies, and is itself the result of two main causes;First, each participant has different goals and preferences.Second, each does not have complete information about the other's actions, knowledge, and preferences.Obviously, this separation, assuming effective executive mechanisms of corporate governance, creates the potential for managers to make decisions that are in line with their own interests and the opposite of the interests of shareholders.Gradually, as the authority to exercise direct sovereignty over the owners diminishes, control is transferred to other groups, such as boards and directors.It can be said that any change in the implementation of the governance structure has a great impact on the change of leadership and their performance.The relationship between corporate governance and corporate performance is an important issue in financial matters. Corporate governance aims to strengthen the atmosphere of transparency, honesty and accountability in the management of the organization. Evaluating the performance of corporate governance and examining its mechanisms is very important and has a great impact on economic decisions of companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Clarifying the model of influential criteria in production growth with the approach of shareholders' value creation
Seyed Mohialddin Seraj Fazel Mohammadi Nodeh sina kherdyar

Abstract:The purpose of this research is to explain the pattern of effective criteria in the growth of production with an emphasis on creating value for shareholders in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the purpose of the research, research i More

Abstract:The purpose of this research is to explain the pattern of effective criteria in the growth of production with an emphasis on creating value for shareholders in companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. In line with the purpose of the research, research information was collected from the financial statements of listed companies in the period of 2010-2020. Multivariate regression method with panel data was used for statistical analysis. The findings of the research model test show that the rate of return on assets, current ratio, company size, financial leverage, stock liquidity, CEO tenure, political connections have a significant effect on the added value of shareholders. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Investigating the impact of moderating the CEO duality and institutional shareholders on the relationship between managerial ability and lack of transparency of company information
Shokrollah Khajavi Mehran Jahandoust Marghoub soraya weysihesar

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate governance on the relationship between managerial ability and lack of information transparency in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research hypotheses based on the 106 companies during a More

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate governance on the relationship between managerial ability and lack of information transparency in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Research hypotheses based on the 106 companies during a 9-year period from 2010 to 2018 were tested using multivariate regression models. Demerjian & et al. (2012) model was used to measure management ability and to calculate the corporate opacity, the criteria of the index rate of lack of transparency in company information and discretionary accrual items were used. The results show that there is a negative significant relationship between managerial ability and lack of transparency of company information. Also, the CEO duality has a negative impact on the relationship between managerial ability and lack of transparency of company information (in particular, discretionary accrual items). Finally, institutional shareholders have a negative effect on the relationship between managerial ability and lack of transparency of company information (the index rate of lack of transparency in company information and discretionary accrual items). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Shareholder behavior, suppression of managers' opportunistic behavior and capital market efficiency based on Baron and Kenny's regression method
Asieh ahmadi niyasani sina Kheradyar Mojtaba Maleki Choubari

The purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of suppressing managers' opportunistic behavior in the relationship between shareholders' loyalty and capital market efficiency. the time scope of the research is the years 2015 to 2021.In this research, More

The purpose of this research is to investigate the mediating role of suppressing managers' opportunistic behavior in the relationship between shareholders' loyalty and capital market efficiency. the time scope of the research is the years 2015 to 2021.In this research, 143 companies have been considered as a statistical sample of the systematic elimination method Findings In the first hypothesis of the research, it indicates a significant relationship between the loyalty of the shareholders and the efficiency of the capital market, so it can be said that if the loyal shareholders behave analytically and logically, we can witness the efficiency of the capital market. In the second hypothesis of the research, this result We found that the loyalty of the shareholders leads to the suppression of the opportunistic behavior of the managers. It is possible that the owners can reduce the opportunistic behavior of the managers by establishing the conditions that certain accounting methods are used for certain purposes. We found that suppressing managers' opportunistic behavior can lead to capital market efficiency. In this way, the managers will not use available and private information for their personal interests and will consider the interests of all owners and will move the market towards efficiency. in the main hypothesis of the research, which is the goal of the research, we came to the conclusion that the suppression of the opportunistic behavior of managers is a mediator. It has a relative clause. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Stock Price Synchronicity and Herd Behavior of Decision on the Capital Market: Testing Moderating Role of Institutional Shareholders
davod hemati Ali Esmayeelzadeh HAMIDREZA KORDLOUIE

Behavioral functions in the field of financial market today is considered as one of the important bases in financial decision making and management. Knowing the criteria and processes influencing decision making can be useful to the dynamics and effectiveness of free fl More

Behavioral functions in the field of financial market today is considered as one of the important bases in financial decision making and management. Knowing the criteria and processes influencing decision making can be useful to the dynamics and effectiveness of free flow of information to control risk and achieve greater returns. Investors are classified as one of the most important pillars of the capital market, ranging from perceptual decisions to emotional / collective and collective behaviors such as mass decision-making, which can upset capital market equilibrium according to market conditions and changes. The purpose of this research is Stock Price Synchronicity and Herd Behavior of Decision on the Capital Market: Testing Moderating Role of Institutional Shareholders. This study examined 102 stock exchange companies in the period 2014 to 2018. In this study, in order to measure and test the research hypotheses while using regression assumptions and testing hybrid models, multiple regression was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that stock price synchronicity has a negative and significant effect on the mass behaviors of shareholders and despite the institutional shareholders as a moderating variable, this effect is intensified in a negative direction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - The Relationship between Net Share Value and Trade Value of Companies Listed On Tehran Stock Exchange in Securities Market Boom and Bust Cycles
Elmira Ghadri Soumeh Farhad Hanifi Hamidreza Kordloei

The main aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between net share value and trade value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange in securities market boom and bust cycles. In this study, net share value is considered as independent variable and boom More

The main aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between net share value and trade value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange in securities market boom and bust cycles. In this study, net share value is considered as independent variable and boom and bust cycles as moderating variable, in order to study their effect on the variables of trade value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. Research population in this study includes all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2008 to 2013 and finally, research sample volume is consisted of 112 companies based on systematic elimination method. Results obtained from regression analysis of firm data at 95% confidence level with the use of panel data with fixed effects indicated that there is a direct relationship between net share value and trade value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during boom and bust cycles. Also, it was indicated that the severity of the relationship between net share value and trade value of companies has a significant difference in boom and bust cycles, in a way that the severity of the relationship between net share value and trade value of companies in boom cycles is larger than in bust cycles. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - The exploration of affective factors on price bulb in Tehran exchange
Mohammadhassan Ebrahim Sarvolia Mirfeyz Fallah Shams Shahnaz Azarang

The Tehran exchange after reopening in 1368 ,has been undergone fluctuations during its activities that these fluctuations often were market inherent and indicate what it has happened in the markets. But sometimes the market reacts suddenly. Perhaps the decline of share More

The Tehran exchange after reopening in 1368 ,has been undergone fluctuations during its activities that these fluctuations often were market inherent and indicate what it has happened in the markets. But sometimes the market reacts suddenly. Perhaps the decline of share market in 1383 was one of these reactions. In this research we explore the price bulb in public companies in Tehran exchange. firstly by using of box Jenkins method, we estimate the residual of model and  based on model residual ,the continuum, skew and unit root has been used that the price bulb have been occurred during 1383 to 1388. Then by testing price bulb, all of companies that have been undergone to high growth and decline of price in exchange are divided to 2 companies. One without bulb and other one with price bulb. In order to prediction of bulb, the independence variables inside of companies like company size ,shareholders demography ,p/e ratio, information transparency and liquidity speed have been used. In the next step, by using of binary logit and probit regression method, a model has been designed for the prediction of price bulb. for model reliability, the data 6 months before bulb expression have been used. The test of hypothesis show that there is no significant relationship between independent variables (company size, shareholders demography, P/E ratio, information transparency, liquidity speed) and price bulb, except 2 companies inherent independent variable(share floatability and company size).   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - The association between excess Cash holding and shareholder value: The case of Tehran security exchange
Nezamoldin Rahimian Mahmoud Ghorbani Keyvan Shabani Shabani

Cash is one of the most crucial resources in every enterprise and making a balance between available cash and its requirements is the most important criteria for safety economic in every entity. All the companies that have enough cash for their operation and those that More

Cash is one of the most crucial resources in every enterprise and making a balance between available cash and its requirements is the most important criteria for safety economic in every entity. All the companies that have enough cash for their operation and those that hold cash more than their need, have some troubles. So in this study the elements that may have influence on cash holding and the association between persistent excess cash holding on the Tehran security exchange were examined for achieving this target. Regard to existing constraints. 73 companies for a seven years period (1384-1390) were selected as sample. With respect to the data, fixed effect regression was used. Our result show that there is a positive and significant association between firm size, net working capital, operating cash flows and financing cash flows with cash holding and variables such as leverage, growth option, variability of cash flows, close cash substitutes and level of investment opportunities have no significant relationship with cash holding. Furthermore the results of second part of this research shows that excess cash holing in both form of transitory and persistent have no influence on shareholder value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Earnings Per Share Forecast: the Combination of Artificial Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Dariush Forougi Heidar Foroughnejad Manochehr Mirzaei

Expectations about earning have significant effects on managers and investors’ decisions. Today, one of the measures that are takenin to consideration as an indicator ofcompanies’profitability is the concept of earningpershare.Also earningper share has major More

Expectations about earning have significant effects on managers and investors’ decisions. Today, one of the measures that are takenin to consideration as an indicator ofcompanies’profitability is the concept of earningpershare.Also earningper share has major effectson stock price of companies. Hence, forecastingearning per shareisof great importance forbothinvestorsandmanagers. The aimof thisstudy is to modelearning pershareforecast of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange(TSE) by using the combination ofartificial neural networksand particle swarm optimizationalgorithmbased onunivariate andmultivariate models. To do this,the data of114 companies among the existing listed onesinTehran Stock Exchange was usedduring1380-1389(2001-2010).The results showed that univariate model with 78.5% accuracy and multivariate models with 91.7% accuracy, forecast earning per share. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Synchoronization of the stock price and the role of institutional investors in Tehran Stock Exchange
Ali Najafi Moghadam

Institutional investors as a group of investors because of the huge financial resources play an important role in economic development of the capital market act and an external control mechanisms affecting corporate governance, and institutional investors. The emergence More

Institutional investors as a group of investors because of the huge financial resources play an important role in economic development of the capital market act and an external control mechanisms affecting corporate governance, and institutional investors. The emergence of institutional investors as owners of capital in corporate governance is increasingly important. Institutional shareholders have the potential to influence management activities through an exchange of shares indirectly and directly respectively. On the basis of this study, 42 companies between the years 1389 to 1393 were studied (data for 1388 also is intended to assess the results of 1389). The panel data model relationship between institutional investors with stock prices and the risk of concurrent fall in share prices was determined and it was found that institutional investors and significant negative correlation with share prices and the risk of concurrent fall in prices in the stock market Tehran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - The study of the effect of motivation on the senior managers of wealth creation for Shareholders
Zohreh Hajiha Hassan Chenari Bouket

Shareholders are the original owner of the business unit and continuously seek to maximize their own wealth and the wealth of the business unit for optimal performance will result. Due to high sensitivity of investors to the performance of companies wealth is one of the More

Shareholders are the original owner of the business unit and continuously seek to maximize their own wealth and the wealth of the business unit for optimal performance will result. Due to high sensitivity of investors to the performance of companies wealth is one of the most important objectives of the companies and the performance appraisal systems are useful tools for appraisal evaluation of the manager's performance. So, the main aim of this paper is the study of the relationship between Pay-for-performance sensitivity as an independent variable and shareholder value added & CEO pay efficiency ‌as a dependent variables in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, the data of 81 firms for a five-year period (1385-1389) were studied. The multivariate pooled regression model is used to test the hypotheses. The results show that there is significant relationship between Pay-for-performance sensitivity and shareholder value added but there is no significant relationship between Pay-for-performance sensitivity and CEO pay efficiency. Although the overall result is executive senior managers for Iranian companies to create value for shareholders, but payment is not efficient enough.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Information Content of Limit Order Book in Tehran Stock Exchange
Ahmad Badri Mohammad Arab Mazar Massoud Soltanzali

Using high frequency data from 33 member companies of the TEFIX30 (about 5 million data), this study examined the information content of limit order book in Tehran Stock Exchange. We try to find that does limit orders behind the best bid and offer provide useful informa More

Using high frequency data from 33 member companies of the TEFIX30 (about 5 million data), this study examined the information content of limit order book in Tehran Stock Exchange. We try to find that does limit orders behind the best bid and offer provide useful information about stock value? And how much is their information share? We use two well-known methods based on a vector error correction model. Results show that based on Hasbrouck (Gonzalo-Granger) measure, contribution of steps 2 to 10 to price discovery is about 18% (25%) and also contribution of steps 4 to 10 that are not publicly visible is about 8% (10%). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - Ownership of Investment Firms and Share Price of The Listed Firm
Bahman Banimahd Mehdi Moradzadehfard Yaghoub Naseh

This paper categorize institutional investors in two category as a theoretical view. First, investors which have a business relationship with the companies in which they hold shares and second vice versa. Investment firms are existing in second category. Hence ,this stu More

This paper categorize institutional investors in two category as a theoretical view. First, investors which have a business relationship with the companies in which they hold shares and second vice versa. Investment firms are existing in second category. Hence ,this study investigate relationship between ownership of investment firms and share price in107 listed firms of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during a six-year period from 2006 to 2011.  Using correlation method and multiple regression technique, the results of this study  indicate  that  there is a negative relation between ownership of investment firms and investee firms share price.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Survey of the effects fundamental variables on stock price
Farhad Hanifi Mirfeyz Fallah Shams Leyla Abolfazli

Forecasting stock price and adopting proper strategy for stocks dealing are subject to many research works. Fundamental analysis is one of the interesting points in this regard. The present work surveys to what extent the fundamental variables represents the stock statu More

Forecasting stock price and adopting proper strategy for stocks dealing are subject to many research works. Fundamental analysis is one of the interesting points in this regard. The present work surveys to what extent the fundamental variables represents the stock status. The period under study was from 2006 to 2010 and 51 companies in the stock market were under consideration. The data were studied on the weekly and monthly bases. Panel data method was used to study the relation between the variables in the study. Except for stockholder rights turnover, the results showed a positive significant relation between the fundamental variables under consideration including profit per share, predicted profit per share, and book value on one hand and stock price on the other hand. That is, the majority of the variables represent price of stocks for more than 90%. Moreover, the regression model obtained from the annual fundamental variables illustrated higher representation power comparing with seasonal data, which shows merits of longer-term perspective. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Identifing and Prioritizing Factors Influencing Idevidual Investors' Intention to Receive Cash Devidend
Abbas Kamarei Meisam Safizadeh Sadegh Sepandarand Hajar Hakimi

In the present study a batch of questionnaires was handed out to a group of stock market investors in Tehran addressing the question: “Why individual investors yearn for dividends?” The data was gathered later on and the results revealed that this inclinatio More

In the present study a batch of questionnaires was handed out to a group of stock market investors in Tehran addressing the question: “Why individual investors yearn for dividends?” The data was gathered later on and the results revealed that this inclination on getting the dividends is, to a certain extent that the cost of cashing dividends turns out to be a lot lower than that of selling shares. The results are, on one hand, strongly confirming and corroborating the “Signaling Model” of Bhattacharya (Imperfect information, dividend policy and the bird in the hand) and of Miller and Rock (Dividend policy, growth and the valuation of shares), and yet on the other hand, opposing the “Agency Theory” of Jensen. Furthermore, it is drawn from the results that the “Behavioral Finance Theory” of Shefrin and Statman for cash dividends is not confirmed. In conclusion, the findings of the study are indicative of the fact that individual investors have no tendency on spending a large part of their dividends. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - The Relationship between Winners and Losses of Portfolios based on Stockholding Rates by Institutional Investors with Momentum and Reverse Profits
Jamal Bahri Sales Asgar Pakmaram Ali Afrouzian Azar Ghodrat Ghaderi

Several studies have proved that different short-term, mid-term, and long-run horizons of stock returns have different performance. Two important and useful strategies among analysts, portfolio managers and other investors in the current capital markets are the reverse More

Several studies have proved that different short-term, mid-term, and long-run horizons of stock returns have different performance. Two important and useful strategies among analysts, portfolio managers and other investors in the current capital markets are the reverse strategy and momentum strategy. In both of these strategies, which are exactly the opposite of each other, they try to predict future performance and generate additional returns using past performance. The main purpose of this research is to determine the effect of the average difference between the return on the portfolio of disadvantaged and disadvantaged people based on stockholding rates by institutional investors with momentum and reverse earnings. The statistical population is the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the research data are from 2009 to 2015 and For testing the hypothesis, correlation and regression have been used. The results showed that the returns of the winning portfolio with the returns of the losers portfolio are not related to the effect of the holding ratio of the institutional shareholders with the momentum gains. Therefore, there is a meaningful relationship between the returns of the winners and losers portfolio based on the ratio of holding institutional investors with reverse profits in the one-month and quarterly periods. Therefore, the stock holdings ratio by institutional shareholders in the short run is an effective factor in determining changes in momentum and inverse returns. This means that the proportion of stockholding by stockholders can lead to a deficit / surplus of supply and increase / decrease in prices, and, conversely, the ratio of low stockholding by stockholders causes surpluses / supply shortages and decreases / increases in prices.       Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - مدل FDH دو مرحله‌ای معکوس در حضور منابع مشترک
فرزانه اسدی سهراب کردرستمی علیرضا امیرتیموری مرتضی بذرافشان

10.30495/ijim.2022.65675.1575

در این مقاله، شبکه‌های‌ دو مرحله‌ای در نظر گرفته می‌شوند که در آنها منابع مشترکی بین هر دو مرحله وجود دارند. همچنین لینک‌هایی بین مرحله اول و دوم وجود دارد که برای مرحله اول نامطلوب است. دو مدل ارائه می‌شوند که مدل اول برای محاسبه کارایی فرآیندهای دو مرحله ای ذکر شده تح More

در این مقاله، شبکه‌های‌ دو مرحله‌ای در نظر گرفته می‌شوند که در آنها منابع مشترکی بین هر دو مرحله وجود دارند. همچنین لینک‌هایی بین مرحله اول و دوم وجود دارد که برای مرحله اول نامطلوب است. دو مدل ارائه می‌شوند که مدل اول برای محاسبه کارایی فرآیندهای دو مرحله ای ذکر شده تحت فناوری غیرمحدب است و مدل دوم یک مدل معکوس برای محاسبه مقادیر خروجی به واسطه تغییرات ورودی است. این تغییرات به گونه ای است که مقادیر کارایی ثابت می ماند. در واقع، ابتدا یک مدل پوسته دسترسی پذیری آزاد(FDH)  شبکه‌ای غیرشعاعی برای ارزیابی کارایی کل و مراحل فرایندهای دو مرحلهای با منابع مشترک طراحی می‌شود. ساختار معرفی شده یک مساله برنامهریزی غیرخطی صحیح مختلط است و با استفاده از یک رویکرد اکتشافی محاسبه می شود. سپس به ازای آشفتگی ورودی های هر مرحله و در حالی که مقادیر کارایی بدون تغییر باقی می‌مانند، یک رویکرد FDH دو مرحله‌ای معکوس به منظور تخمین خروجی‌های مربوط به دو مرحله ارائه می‌شود. برای شفاف‌سازی مدل های پیشنهادی، از یک مطالعه کاربردی موجود در مطالعات پیشین استفاده می‌شود. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - Jurisprudential and Legal Examination of the Obligatory Testament Law from the Viewpoint of Fazel Moqadd and Abu Bakr Jassas
Said taha Hassan najid Ahmad Reza Rafiee Javad Paw Pour

 In this research, by using a library method for interpretive and jurisprudential examination of verse 180 of Surat al-Baqarah, according to the verses of inheritance and traditions, first the concept of will is literal and idiomatic and then according to the viewp More

 In this research, by using a library method for interpretive and jurisprudential examination of verse 180 of Surat al-Baqarah, according to the verses of inheritance and traditions, first the concept of will is literal and idiomatic and then according to the viewpoints of Imamiyyah jurisprudents including Fazel Muqdad and Sunni jurisprudents including Abu Bakr. The following questions have been addressed: The legitimacy of a will for heirs and non-heirs? Survey of Ibn Hazm Ijtihad and Some of the Predecessors of Verse 180 Baqarah? In the next step, the reasons of those who support and oppose the obligatory will of the law with regard to the opinions of earlier jurists and later jurists and finally conclude the issue as to the necessity of this law in Iranian personal laws. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - Sociological Analysis of the Novel My Share Based on Lucien Goldman’s Theories
Shervin Khamse nasrin shirzadeh

Parinoush Saniee’s My Share, published in 2003, is an Iranian bestseller of recent years. A page-turner, the novel displays the atmosphere and milieu of Iran’s 1960s and afterwards, as well as the social condition for women during those days. The present res More

Parinoush Saniee’s My Share, published in 2003, is an Iranian bestseller of recent years. A page-turner, the novel displays the atmosphere and milieu of Iran’s 1960s and afterwards, as well as the social condition for women during those days. The present research is to find an answer for the question of how the political, social, economic, and cultural factors have brought about the production of this novel. Considering the sociology of literature, in which the relation between political, social, economic and cultural structures and a certain literary work is studied in order to reveal the connection between literature and society, the researchers have tried to base the research on Lucien Goldman’s theory of ‘Genetic Structuralism” to discover the impression of social grounds and instigations on the writing of My Share, and also the role of women in social changes as pictured in it. To do so, the novel has been studied through two steps, i.e. firstly understanding the narration via the analysis of the characters, and then interpreting the story throughout the analysis of the then society. While the sociological structure of the novel is compatibly based on the social structure of the community, many elements of Goldman’s theories are true about it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - The content and language common characteristics of Molana poem With contem porary poem
Seyyed Jaffar Hamidi

  We can find various common characteristics between poems of Molana Jalaleddin and today Iranian poem which has been hidden for critics and poets and there has not been any opportunity for surveying them for literature society. One of the hidden new- thinking cha More

  We can find various common characteristics between poems of Molana Jalaleddin and today Iranian poem which has been hidden for critics and poets and there has not been any opportunity for surveying them for literature society. One of the hidden new- thinking characteristics and new- speeching of is contemporary poems with some poems of past poets specially with poems of Molana, paying attention to this field not only helps to more recognition of poem, but also causes happiness and fresh living of reader spirit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - The Conceptualization of Sincerity in the Description of Taa'rrof and Qoshareh Paper: From Sufism to Art
Samaneh Al-Sadat Aghadadi Sayyedeh Maryam Rozatian

10.30486/pia.2023.1974853.1022

In the view of spiritual seekers, sincerity is the manifestation of divine interaction, signifying that no action should be undertaken except for the sake of God, and all deeds and words of the servant should be exclusively dedicated to God. Furthermore, sincerity bears More

In the view of spiritual seekers, sincerity is the manifestation of divine interaction, signifying that no action should be undertaken except for the sake of God, and all deeds and words of the servant should be exclusively dedicated to God. Furthermore, sincerity bears the fundamental and foundational role in the individual and societal evolution of humanity, and the perfection, imperfection, health, and corruption of all stages and levels of this journey are influenced by this valuable virtue. This article seeks to address the question of the similarities and differences between two significant mystical texts, namely the elucidation of "Taa'rrof" and Qoshareh's treatise on the artistic function of the concept of sincerity, which is discussed in six sections: the analysis of definitions, the reflection of the Quran and Hadith on the subject of sincerity, the study of the meanings of sincere and sincerity, the levels of sincerity, the disadvantages and results of sincerity, and the relationship of sincerity with other mystical authorities. What is the nature of this relationship? Furthermore, the achievements of this research are to elucidate the extent of the artistic impact and convergence of Qoshareh's treatise with the elucidation of "Taa'rrof," which has been presented through the tangible influence or the interpretation and content extraction of various statements. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - The role of company monitoring factors on the degree of cost stickiness relying on the role of accounting-based performance
Zohreh Naghizadeh zaki Majid Davoodi Nasr

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Open Access Article

77 - Shared Reading: A Technique to Enhance Reading and Writing Abilities of Iranian EFL Learners
Mojgan Rashtchi Somaye Moazezi Fardi Moghadam

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Open Access Article

78 - Investigating the effect of rounding and revision in predicting earnings per share on investors' attention
Ayat Bijani Iraj Nouri

10.22034/amfa.2019.545146.1079

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Open Access Article

79 - Impact of Managers’ Optimism on the Relationship between Patience of Major Shareholders and Information Influence Management
Hossein Rostami Farzin Rezaei Abdolsamad Khalatbari

10.22034/amfa.2019.585705.1188

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Open Access Article

80 - An Optimization Model for Designing a Supply Chain Network with a Value-Based Management Approach
Nima Hamta Abbas Biglar Mahdi Molana

10.22034/amfa.2022.1965021.1782

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Open Access Article

81 - Investigating the Market Efficiency in Tehran Stock Exchange through Artificial Intelligence
mohammad jouzbarkand Hossein Panahian

10.22034/amfa.2021.1934511.1613

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Open Access Article

82 - Studying the Effects of Related Factors to Risk on Shareholders’ Equity Cost by Considering Earnings Quality for Accepted Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange
Masome Mami Rahmatollah Mohammadipour

10.22034/amfa.2016.526242

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Open Access Article

83 - Identifying Barriers to the Development of Shared Businesses
Seyedhabib Moosavi Rashedi Vahid Makizadeh Esmaeil Hasanpour Qorughchi

10.30495/jsm.2021.1928628.1466

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Open Access Article

84 - Presenting a Model for the Role of Disclosure Quality in the Relationship between Innovation and Financial Performance
Sayed Davoud Hoseini Rad Mostafa Ghasemi Abdolreza Mohseni

10.30495/jsm.2023.1967814.1688

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Open Access Article

85 - Representing the Pattern of Relationship between Personality Traits and Investment Patterns in the Stock Market
Somayeh Salmani Danglani Parviz Saeedi Hossein Ali Bahramzadeh Farshid Pourshahabi

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Open Access Article

86 - Providing and evaluating a grounded theory for extension of value innovation from the intra-organizational level to the supply chain
Ebrahim Rasti Borazjani Faghat Naser Khani Akbar Alem Tabriz

10.30495/imj.2021.686118

One of the new approaches that can be used to increase the effectiveness & efficiency of the supply chain is the Shared Value Innovation in the supply chain. The difference between value innovation and shared value innovation is their level of activity. Although some re More

One of the new approaches that can be used to increase the effectiveness & efficiency of the supply chain is the Shared Value Innovation in the supply chain. The difference between value innovation and shared value innovation is their level of activity. Although some research has emphasized the importance of value innovation in different parts of the organization & to some extent introduces Shared Value Innovation, so far no research has been conducted to provide a framework or model for managing Value Innovation in inter-organizational levels. The main purpose of the present study was to fill this research gap. In this mixture study, semi-structured interviews with petrochemical managers & academic experts were conducted & analyzed using constructive Grounded theory. Samples were selected by purposive sampling, based on the principles of Grounded theory approach. The reliability of the results is confirmed by calculating two evaluation indices. After analyzing the data using MaxQDA software, a framework for managing Shared Value Innovation in the supply chain has been proposed. The proposed theory shows how to achieve Shared Value Innovation through increasing adoption, improving communication, improving collaboration, enhancing trust, enhancing the commitment, enhancing interdependence while maintaining the independence, & simultaneously reducing costs. After designing the theory, its dimensions were evaluated and confirmed by combining the foundation data theory approach with the Delphi method. Manuscript profile

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87 - AAshari’s Philosophical Theology in Abol Ghasem Ghosharee's Speech
Jamal Ahmadi

Abol Ghasem Ghosharee (376-465 H.) is one of the greatest scholars and mystics of the fifth century A.H. He was superior to his peers in the field of knowledge and wisdom of his age. Abundant works remained by him shows that he was not only mastered mystic journey and p More

Abol Ghasem Ghosharee (376-465 H.) is one of the greatest scholars and mystics of the fifth century A.H. He was superior to his peers in the field of knowledge and wisdom of his age. Abundant works remained by him shows that he was not only mastered mystic journey and practical ethics, but also was superlatively capable in Prophet's tradition, commentary Islamic jurisprudence and theology. One of Ghosharee's concerns based on what has been reported by different references is theologian thoughts. It seems that Ghosharee's theologian beliefs in recalling his thoughts are more in agreement with Asharee's scholastic theology. This issue can obviously be observed in his works. In Ghosharee's Resale, Latayef-ol-Esharat, The Complaint Letters of Sunni Orthodoxy and Gasidat-o-Sofie the system of Ghosharee's philosophy has obviously stated. This paper done by library research method aims at illuminating Ghosharee's thoughts by means of using the mentioned works. The researcher has concluded that; although, there is a common viewpoint between Ghosharee's and Abol Hassan Asharee's thoughts, there narrator's characteristics and God's cognition way are different in some ways. Manuscript profile

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88 - Application of Environmental Change Planning Model - A Contribution in Identifying Advantages Competitive and structural nature of insurance activities in the private insurance company
reza ziyari fatemeh salehi

The insurance industry has a very special place in the economy, and insurance companies are important institutions in the capital market. Insurance activities are considered as one of the important pillars for economic and social development and have a significant impac More

The insurance industry has a very special place in the economy, and insurance companies are important institutions in the capital market. Insurance activities are considered as one of the important pillars for economic and social development and have a significant impact on the development of the economic and social relations of the country. In the economy of Iran, the growth of the insurance industry is one of the main concerns of economic policy makers. In the current situation, including useful solutions in this regard, the creation and expansion of insurance activities through increased investment in the production of premiums generated by the relative advantages of the insurance company in different regions. The shift model = share is one of the most important and effective models for regional planning analysis. The present research seeks to address one of the important aspects for the establishment and improvement of the performance of private insurance companies by recognizing the advantages of each of the branches. In this research, the existing data was processed using SPSS software and eventually The spatial coefficient of the field of insurance activities of different branches was calculated and finally the application of the model was tested for identification of competitive and structural advantages. Manuscript profile

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89 - Effects of Determining the Citizenship of Electronic Companies in Iranian law
Mir Jamil Jalili Najad Ali Almasi Babak Vosooghi Fard

In Iran's domestic law, the principle is based on the criterion of the main residence, but in raising the question, what is the citizenship of electronic companies and the law governing their shares based on and what are its effects? These assumptions have been raised t More

In Iran's domestic law, the principle is based on the criterion of the main residence, but in raising the question, what is the citizenship of electronic companies and the law governing their shares based on and what are its effects? These assumptions have been raised that in Iranian law based on Article 1002 of the Civil Code and Article 591 of the Trade Law. And Articles 1 and 3 of the Companies Registration Law, the citizenship of electronic companies and the law governing their shares is based on their operations and activity center. Some electronic companies are registered outside of Iran and their citizenship is certain, but the representation of these companies is based on Article 3 of the Companies Registration Law and Article 1002 of the Civil Code. But regarding a number of electronic companies that are neither registered nor have national citizenship and operate in the cyberspace, there is a legal gap in Iran's laws. The comparative method is used.   Manuscript profile

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90 - Investigating The Effect Of Supply Chain Methods And Quality Management On The Performance Of Pegah Isfahan Pasteurized Milk Company
Mahdi Aghajani Abedi hosein panahian

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supply chain and quality management practices on the performance of Pegah Isfahan Pasteurized Milk Company. This research is a descriptive survey in terms of applied purpose and method. The statistical populatio More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of supply chain and quality management practices on the performance of Pegah Isfahan Pasteurized Milk Company. This research is a descriptive survey in terms of applied purpose and method. The statistical population of the study included all employees of Pegah Isfahan Pasteurized Milk Company, 112, according to the Cochran's formula, the required number of samples was estimated at 87 people. Simple random sampling method was used for sampling. The data collection tool is a questionnaire that was localized by the researcher and included 15 questions. The face validity was confirmed by a number of respondents and its content validity was confirmed by a group of experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability and reliability using SPSS software, which was calculated to be more than 0.7. The results of the research using structural equation modeling and SmartPLS software show that supply chain methods and quality management have a positive effect on the performance of Pegah Isfahan Pasteurized Milk Company. Sharing supply chain information has a positive effect on quality management and supplier-specific investment. Quality management has a positive effect on market share performance and innovation performance. Supplier-specific investment has a positive effect on market share performance and innovation performance. Manuscript profile

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91 - The Impact of Computer Utilization on Human Resource Productivity in Industrial Administrative Section
Maryam Khalili Araghi Kazem Fathi Moghanlu

Implicit cost of capital is one of the main themes in financial literature on decision making and selection of optimal strategics related with investment of founds and capital structure in order to increase the whole value of economic entity. In this respect financing i More

Implicit cost of capital is one of the main themes in financial literature on decision making and selection of optimal strategics related with investment of founds and capital structure in order to increase the whole value of economic entity. In this respect financing in general and implicit cost of capital in particular are focused. The aim of this research is to study and identify the relationship between creation of changes in capital of companies and also the factors affecting implicit cost of capital. Statistical community of this research consists of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange and the sample of this study includes 108 active companies during 1383-1387. Data required in this study were collected from state office of securities exchange information and statistics. In this research the type of relationship between hypotheses was of correlational one. And regression are used in order to test the hypotheses. Soft wares Excel and SPSS are used for doing calculation and estimation of regression models. Manuscript profile

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92 - Complex structures of company ownership and performance
Kobra Mirzamohamadi Amir Mohamadzadeh

In the present study, the effect of complex ownership structures on the performance of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange has been studied. The concept of complex ownership structures is characterized by the existence of a major shareholder (holding more than 50% More

In the present study, the effect of complex ownership structures on the performance of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange has been studied. The concept of complex ownership structures is characterized by the existence of a major shareholder (holding more than 50% shares) and a second-tier shareholder (with shares exceeding 10%) in companies. This is a descriptive survey. In this research, a sample of Tehran Stock Exchange companies was selected and systematic sampling method was used, 152 companies were selected as the statistical sample of the study. Selective approach is used to test hypotheses by panel data and the generalized least squares regression method has been used. The results of the research hypothesis test showed that there is a positive relationship between the presence of a major shareholder, the percentage of ownership of the shares by the major shareholder, the existence of a second-tier shareholder, and the percentage of ownership of the shares by the second-tier shareholder with the firm's performance. Manuscript profile

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93 - Effects of relationship marketing bonds on Customer satisfaction and share of customer in banking industry
Gholam Reza Ahmadi Samad Aali

  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of relationship marketing bonds, including financial, social and structural bonds on customer satisfaction and share of customer in the banking industry. Agriculture Bank was chosen as case study population More

  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of relationship marketing bonds, including financial, social and structural bonds on customer satisfaction and share of customer in the banking industry. Agriculture Bank was chosen as case study population and 389 customers from 12 branches of Agriculture Bank of Tabriz city were chosen as statistical sample of the research and Samples were selected using simple random sampling. this research is causal research in terms of the method and data with questionnaires was analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). In SEM at first we examined the measurement, structural and overall fitness then we tested the Hypothesis. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between relationship marketing bonds ( Social, financial and structural bonds ) and customer satisfaction. Social, financial and structural bonds, respectively had the highest effects on customer satisfaction. Also there was a significant positive relationship between customer satisfaction and customer share Manuscript profile

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94 - Analytical Modeling of Specific Energy Consumption and Cost Share in Comprehensive Textile Industry: Case Study of Ethiopia
Dessie Bantelay Muluken Getie Betelhem Bruk Robile Workalemayehu

10.22094/joie.2019.580631.1612

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95 - Hypertext implications and its role in the development of penal jurisperudence
Rahman Valizadeh Masoud Nikparvar

10.22034/ijrj.2023.700480

Considering its direct relation to human soul and dignity, penal jurisperudence is always dependent upon Nas(text). Thus, any violation or restriction of the scope of the sentence requires a valid religious reason about the case. However, in addition to the one-proposit More

Considering its direct relation to human soul and dignity, penal jurisperudence is always dependent upon Nas(text). Thus, any violation or restriction of the scope of the sentence requires a valid religious reason about the case. However, in addition to the one-propositional approach to religious evidences, a holistic approach to a set of religious evidences and the implications of this holistic view can be proposed. This implications, which can be categorized in the form of concepts of sharia purposes, similar reforms, and general rules governing jurisperudence, represent the general bias and orientations of legislator in the position of legislation. Theoretically, the authority of the ruling based on such an approach can be proved according to some Quranic evidences and the validity of the concept of induction and spiritual continuity. As Jurists have stepped in to develop and deepening of juristic judgements by taking an holistic approach toward islamic evidences and its implications. Paying attention to the population, emphasizing on the prevention of crime, paying attention to specific criminal groups, avoiding the tormenting character of punishments, etc. are only part of the results of citing hypertext implications in penal jurisprudence. Manuscript profile

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96 - Model of Shared Leadership Institutionalization at Islamic Azad University: Case Study of Islamic Azad University Branches in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
Vahid hayatlou hamidreza araste kamran mohammadkhani

10.30495/jinev.2023.1982327.2848

The purpose of this research was to present a model for institutionalizing shared leadership in Islamic Azad University. The statistical population included specialists and experts from the units located in West Azerbaijan province, who were directly dealing with the su More

The purpose of this research was to present a model for institutionalizing shared leadership in Islamic Azad University. The statistical population included specialists and experts from the units located in West Azerbaijan province, who were directly dealing with the subject under investigation. Using the purposeful sampling approach, they were selected until theoretical saturation (n=10). The data was collected by the interview method with the general guidance method and in a semi-structured way. Participants as well as the review of non-participating experts were used in the research. The reliability of the model was evaluated using the Kappa index. The value of kappa index equal to 0.763 was calculated and it was placed at the level of valid agreement. Interviews were analyzed and coded using Maxqda10 software. Finally, based on the identified final criteria, the model derived from the qualitative content analysis method was presented. The results of the open coding of the qualitative data collected using the interview tool were 84 primary codes out of 401. Then, 84 primary codes in the form of 16 main categories including organizational leadership communication, organizational communication, functional outcome, organizational teams, organizational behavior, organizational structure, different leadership styles, human resource management system, organizational environment, strategic management, organizational change management, management Performance, competitive advantage, organizational resources, organizational skills, behavioral characteristics of the leader were categorized in a model. Manuscript profile

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97 - A Model for Explaining the Role of Shared Leadership in the Productivity of Knowledge-based Companies
Hamidreza Afreshteh Mehdi Yazdanshenas Hamed Dehghanan Shahram Khalilnejad

10.30495/qjopm.2022.1950086.3300

The knowledge-based economy and the widespread emergence of knowledge-based companies as well as the creation of knowledge-based values and the importance of the knowledge worker in organizations have attracted the governments’ attention which in turn has lead to More

The knowledge-based economy and the widespread emergence of knowledge-based companies as well as the creation of knowledge-based values and the importance of the knowledge worker in organizations have attracted the governments’ attention which in turn has lead to new styles of leadership and management be tailored to the specific conditions of these companies. In the leadership literature, corresponding to the knowledge worker who wants a degree of independence and works in environments with high complexity and task interdependence, shared leadership has been suggested as a predictor of enhancing individual performance, team effectiveness and increasing productivity in organizations. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the consequences of shared leadership in knowledge-based companies and to determine the variables affecting the implementation of this leadership style in knowledge-based companies. This descriptive research was developmental and applied in terms of purpose and had an exploratory mixed method design. The statistical population of the study consisted of the managers and employees of knowledge-based companies in the field of information and communication technology. In the qualitative part, sampling was performed in a purposeful and judgmental manner and the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, sampling was done through convenience sampling procedure. During 18 interviews, the outcomes of organizational leadership, at the individual level, were found to be increasing motivation, organizational commitment, job satisfaction and skill development, at the group and team level, group cohesion, team empowerment and group identity, and at the organizational level, productivity, organizational learning and innovation were identified. Moreover, knowledge sharing was identified as a mediating variable. These findings were also confirmed by the data obtained from 127 electronic questionnaires using the partial least squares (PLS) technique for analysis. Manuscript profile

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98 - Service Quality Measurement and Investigation of Its Relationship with Market share Based on SERVQUAL Model (case study: Saderat Bank of Tabriz)
Mohammad Faryabi Mahmod Mahmodi

This research attempts to measure the service quality and investigate the relationship between service quality and market share of Saderat Bank of Iran in Tabriz city. For this purpose, SERVQUAL model has been used which is the most reliable instrument to indicate and a More

This research attempts to measure the service quality and investigate the relationship between service quality and market share of Saderat Bank of Iran in Tabriz city. For this purpose, SERVQUAL model has been used which is the most reliable instrument to indicate and analyze the gaps between customers’ expectation and perception of their received banking services. To make our research more appropriate, “accessibility” was added as the service quality’s sixth dimension. So the quality of Saderat Bank of Iran services was measured through six dimensions: tangibles factors, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and accessibility. In this correlation research, 440 of Saderat Bank’s customers were selected by cluster random sampling and were administered by SERVQUAL questionnaire. Finally 400 questionnaires were correctly filled and data analyzing procedure started. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis methods, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, correlated group T coefficient and multiple regressions. The findings of this research indicated that there was a significant difference between customers’ expectation and their perception in all of the service dimensions except reliability. Also there was a positive correlation between reliability, responsiveness and assurance with market share, and finally reliability was the most important predictor of Saderat Bank’s market share. Manuscript profile

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99 - Presenting a model for learner Organizntion in line with enhancing Human Resources Efficiency and Intellectual Capital in the office of Cultural Deputy of Islamic Azad University
Ali Shokri Nodeh Esmaeil Kavousy Bahram Alishiri

10.30495/qjopm.2019.665039

The process of learning has greatly evolved in the dynamic world of today. Business world is instable and what could do well in the past may not work efficiently in the future; thus, learning has become a process of acquiring new habits which can change our organization More

The process of learning has greatly evolved in the dynamic world of today. Business world is instable and what could do well in the past may not work efficiently in the future; thus, learning has become a process of acquiring new habits which can change our organization into a learning institution. A learning organization is the one which disposes of conventional ways of doing things and is constantly involved in constructing the future by learning innovative methods. It is a place where the employees are continually developing their capabilities to create what they intend to, learn new models of learning and realize the significance of exploring ways of linking experiments with the ultimate goal and their role in achieving these goals. This applied qualitative study set to present a learner organization model in line with enhancing human intellectual capital and resource productivity in Islamic Azad University, Cultural Deputy. Deductive qualitative content analysis of the research data revealed 19 components out of 679 concept codes which were further categorized into five factors including Learning Levels (3 components), Systematic Thinking (3 components), Shared Perspective and Goal (2 components) Mental Models and Patterns (2 components), and Evaluation of Learning Organizations (5 components). Manuscript profile

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100 - Psychoanalytic Criticism of “Affection Seeking” and its Difference with “Healthy Love” in the Novel Called “My Share” Based on Horney’s Theory
saeedeh samimi parvaneh Adelzadeh Kamran Pashaei

Psychoanalytic criticism is a new branch of interdisciplinary criticisms. In this criticism, the researcher or critic tries to explore the hidden angles, behavioral conflicts, and psychological symptoms of the characters in a literary work to prepare the text’s ch More

Psychoanalytic criticism is a new branch of interdisciplinary criticisms. In this criticism, the researcher or critic tries to explore the hidden angles, behavioral conflicts, and psychological symptoms of the characters in a literary work to prepare the text’s characters for analysis. The German psychoanalyst, Karen Horney divides the phenomenon of love into three natural, psychotic and spontaneous types, distinguishing between the nature of incontinence and spontaneity. Horney criticizes psychotic need for love in Freud’s libidinal theory. Horney believes that the core of this need consists of a fundamental anxiety, the anxiety that arouses feelings of despair and loneliness in a hostile world. The anxiety is fundamentally manifested in various ways, and the neurotic tries to escape his feelings. Based on a descriptive-analytical approach from a psychoanalytic perspective, this article attempts to explain the distinction between the subject of healthy love and affection seeking in accordance with Karen Horney’s theory in the protagonist of the novel. What is reflected in reading of Masoumeh’s character in the novel “My Share” is that her love for those around her is not a healthy love, but a psychotic love, derived from her affection seeking need. Manuscript profile

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101 - From Importer of Knowledge to Researcher of the Self: Exploring the Utility of Collaborative Action Research in Distance Second Language Professional Development
Farzad Mashhadi Reza Biria Ahmadreza Lotfi

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102 - The Effect of Capital Income Share Variation on Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity: A Growth Accounting Approach
mehdi fathabadi

The factors ‘shares are constant in Solow growth accounting approach. The purposes of this paper are evaluating the effect of capital income share change on economic growth, implementing the growth accounting approach to calculate total factor productivity (TFP) c More

The factors ‘shares are constant in Solow growth accounting approach. The purposes of this paper are evaluating the effect of capital income share change on economic growth, implementing the growth accounting approach to calculate total factor productivity (TFP) considering that capital income share to be changed; and finally, estimating the effect of capital income share and it’s variation on TFP growth.   For this reason, the data of value added, capital stock, and labor compensation with constant values at 2011 as well as labor forces data of manufacturing industries in 31 Iran’s provinces during 2000-2014 have been collected. Findings show that the capital income share variation had positive effect on income per capita in provinces ‘manufacturing industries with value 11.5 thousand Rials. The growth accounting results indicate that classic factors contribution (labor and capital stock) of economic growth was 11.4 and 200 percent, respectively. Moreover, capital income share variation and Zuleta TFP contribution of manufacturing industries economic growth are 30 and -141 percent, respectively. Finally, outcomes of panel least squares (PLS) estimation show that capital income share variation has significant and positive effect on TFP growth, but income share level doesn’t significant effect during the considered period. In fact, a one percent increase in capital income share will increase the TFP growth by approximately 2.6 percent; which these are due to variation of factor abundant ratio and biased technological change in provinces ‘manufacturing industries of Iran.        Manuscript profile

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103 - Organizational Agility and Knowledge Sharing Process in the Staffs of the Iran's Central Plateau Contractor Company
Seyede Parvane Noorbakhsh Samani Molood Sadeghiyan Sirous Keshavarz Fateme Ziglari

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104 - The relationship between The optimal cash holdings speed of adjustment and firm value
Mahdi Filsaraei Mohammadreza shoorvarzi Maryam Azaran

This study investigates the relationship between cash adjustment speed and company value in a studied sample of companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative data in terms of data type, inductive in terms of logic More

This study investigates the relationship between cash adjustment speed and company value in a studied sample of companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The present study is applied in terms of purpose, quantitative data in terms of data type, inductive in terms of logic and descriptive-correlation in terms of execution. In this research, various sources including books, internal and external articles and the Internet have been used. Relationships between variables have been tested using correlation and multiple regression models with a dynamic panel approach. First, the collected data were classified in Excel and after organizing the variables, R statistical software was used to analyze the information. In order to test the research hypotheses, a statistical sample of 148 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange was considered by the method of systematic elimination during the years 2012-2020. Based on statistical analysis and estimation of regressions, the results of examining the hypotheses at the expected error level showed that there is a significant relationship between the speed of cash adjustment and the value of the company. Institutional shareholders do not adjust the relationship between the speed of cash adjustment and the value of the company. Board independence does not regulate the relationship between the speed of cash adjustment and the value of the company. Investment efficiency does not moderate the relationship between the speed of cash adjustment and the value of the company. Corporate debt regulates the relationship between the speed of cash adjustment and the value of the company. Manuscript profile

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105 - The effect of auditor tenure on the relationship between institutional shareholders and stock price synchronicity
Vahid Zabihollahnejad HamidReza GholamniaRoshan

Priceconcurrency is a relative measure of company-specific information compared to market and industryinformation, which is reflected in stockprices, and due to its close connection with economic development and growth and capitalmarketstability.it is a relatively new f More

Priceconcurrency is a relative measure of company-specific information compared to market and industryinformation, which is reflected in stockprices, and due to its close connection with economic development and growth and capitalmarketstability.it is a relatively new field in economicresearch.And financial isconsidered and taken into consideration.In this research, the effect of the tenureof the auditor on the relationship between institutionalshareholders and the simultaneityof stockprices has been investigated.The method of this research is descriptive ofcorrelationtype and practical in terms of purpose.The statisticalpopulation ofthis researchconsists of thenumber of companies admitted to the Tehran StockExchange, which were active inthe stockexchange between2015and2019.In order to determine the appropriate samplesize and homogenize the statisticalpopulation, the systematicelimination methodwas used, after applying the relevant criteria, 105companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange were selected as a statistical sample. All analysissteps have been done inEviews10and Stata14.5econometricsoftware with regression test.Thefindings from the first hypothesis of the research show that institutional shareholders do not have a significanteffect on the simultaneity of stockprices.The findings of the secondhypothesis of the researchshow that the tenure of the auditordoes not moderate therelationship betweeninstitutional shareholders and the simultaneity of stockprices.The resultsshow that the increase in the ownership percentageof institutional investorsincreases the institutionalcontrol bythis category of investors in the stockexchange, and the higherthe ownershippercentage of institutionalinvestors in a company, themore the possibility of interference andseizure of the flows.It limits thcash of thecompany forthe managers,which reducesthe specificrisk of the company by themanagers, and as a result, it leads tothe reduction of R2and finally leads to the reduction of the stockprice simultaneity. Manuscript profile

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106 - Think-Pair-Share as a Formative Assessment Strategy: EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary Learning
Heidar Ahmadi Biook Behnam Zohreh Seifoori

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107 - Identification of effective components in cloud-based knowledge-sharing behavior: the case study of the: faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU)
rashid nafei Aliasghar i Razavi safiyeh tahmasebi limooni

Purpose: Identification of effective components in cloud-based knowledge-sharing behavior among the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU). Method: This research is a mixed-method approachin , and . For the purpose of the research, the faculty members of Islam More

Purpose: Identification of effective components in cloud-based knowledge-sharing behavior among the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU). Method: This research is a mixed-method approachin , and . For the purpose of the research, the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) all over the country amounted to 2800 were studied and the multistage sampling method and Cochran Formula were used for determining the sample size including 397 faculty members. In this research, structured interviews and electronic questionnaires were used as a research tool in two qualitative and qualitative stages. In order to realize the objectives of the research, interviews with elite members having mastery of the matter in hand were maintained until reaching a theoretical adequacy.. Also, the research employed structural equations (Partial Least Square Model) in order to analyze the research data, using smartPLS software. Finding: The research findings indicated that there were six effective components : 1. Principal Component; , 2. Causal Conditions; i, 3. Strategies; i, 4. Background Conditions; 5. Intervening Conditions 6. Consequences. . Conclusion:. The implementation of such systems will result in an improved performance of the faculty members and an increased competitive advantage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - تخصیص مرکزی منابع با امکان کاهش فعالیت ها برای ارزیابی سیستم های تولید دومرحله ای با ورودی های اشتراکی
Amir Yadollahi رضا کاظمی متین Farhad Hosseinzadeh Lotfi

This paper proposes a centralized network data envelopment analysis model that combines the centralized data envelopment analysis model with possibility of downsizing and two-stage network data envelopment analysis. In the proposed model, this paper also considers the s More

This paper proposes a centralized network data envelopment analysis model that combines the centralized data envelopment analysis model with possibility of downsizing and two-stage network data envelopment analysis. In the proposed model, this paper also considers the situation in which shared inputs are jointly consumed in each stage. We also assume some outputs can be produced by the first and second stages by using separate inputs. The proposed model is illustrated in an empirical example of twenty sale representatives in two provinces of Golestan and Mazandaran. The results provide valuable information for the centralized decision-maker on how to reallocate resources among the units. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - The Role of house Loan in Rural Settlement housis resist of Guilan province
مجید یاسوری سیده فاطمه امامی

One of the most important rural development requirements is rural house. Establishing rural resist house and supply house proportional to villagers’ requirement often has been different plans important element. In recent years, government through house loan has su More

One of the most important rural development requirements is rural house. Establishing rural resist house and supply house proportional to villagers’ requirement often has been different plans important element. In recent years, government through house loan has supported rural house renew and resist making. The present study main aim is to study house loan role on rural houses resist making. This study was conducted in the Gilan province. Regarding to collected data from the county, 26% rural families (77710 families) could use house loan to make resist houses. Among these, Talesh in 13% has had the most share of house Loan while this city share of unresist house is 7/7%. Rasht in 35% has used lower than one percent house loan. Also Soumae Sara in 6% unresist house, has had 13% Loan share. The research results indicate that in the last decade, house loan has an effective role on county rural areas house resist making, but house Loan distribution is not proportional to rural house resist making requirement and validities has not been suitable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

110 - Study of Employment Structural Changes and its Socio-Economic Consequences in Lorestan
حمید سپهر دوست مهسا باروتی

Since the issue ofhuman resource employment plays an important role in regional planning and economic growth of the countries, therefore it is necessary to find out the mainstream of factors affecting on employment growth within different economic sectors of the country More

Since the issue ofhuman resource employment plays an important role in regional planning and economic growth of the countries, therefore it is necessary to find out the mainstream of factors affecting on employment growth within different economic sectors of the country. Lorestan province, despite abundant natural resources, climate variability, water, vast plains, various minerals, abundant and rich human resource and suitable potential of tourism attraction posses a poor status in the country in national level and over the years, has failed to earn a good share of the national economy. The main objective of present study is to investigate the proportionate and disproportionate growth rate of employment in Lorestan province of Iran during the period of 2001-2011, compared to the rest of the county (Reference Sector) at national level, using Shift-Share and Location Quotient models. By measuring Location Quotient (LQ) coefficients, the results show that from the view point of employment rate and its share in different economic sectors, the agricultural sector still remains to be a basic and fundamental sector (LQ=1.81) compared to other sectors of industry (LQ=0.79) and services (LQ=0.85) of Lorestan province, during the period of study. Generally as a policy making result, it is concluded that the path way designed to achieve relative advantages in agricultural sector of Lorestan, proved to be just in the way of relative advantages policy designed for the country. While it could not happen for Lorestan to keep pace with national policy designed for other two sectors of the economy, i.e. industrial and services. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

111 - Identification and Ranking of Factors Affecting the Growth and Development of the Market Share of Refah Kargaran Bank
Abd Reza Amiri Mohammad Haghighi Ali Pirzad Abdolkhalegh Gholimi Chenarestan Oulia

10.30495/msds.2023.1996550.1163

This research has been done to identify and rank factors affecting the growth and development of the market share of Refah Kargaran Bank. The current research is a mixed type of research in terms of its applied-developmental goal and terms of its implementation. The sta More

This research has been done to identify and rank factors affecting the growth and development of the market share of Refah Kargaran Bank. The current research is a mixed type of research in terms of its applied-developmental goal and terms of its implementation. The statistical population in the qualitative part of this research includes 50 managers of Refah Kargaran Bank branches in Fars and Bushehr provinces. A statistical sample consisting of 25 branch managers was selected using the snowball method. The statistical population in the quantitative section includes 600 middle-level employees and managers of Fars and Bushehr Refah Kargaran Bank, among whom 234 people were selected as a sample by simple random method. To analyze quantitative data in this research, descriptive and inferential statistics have been used. The findings of the theme analysis using the TOPSIS model showed that the use of customer relationship management policies (needs assessment, responsiveness, satisfaction, and loyalty) with a coefficient of 0.842 had the greatest impact on increasing the market share of Refah Bank, and the support and facilitation services of Refah Bank. Workers with a proximity coefficient of 0.444 are in the last place. The path analysis findings showed that the variables of attracting customers with a rate of 0.504 and electronic banking with a rate of 0.449 had the greatest impact on the development of the market share of Refah Kargaran Bank. According to the investigations carried out about the planning process to increase the productivity of the Refah Kargaran Bank in a competitive environment, weaknesses and threats have the highest coefficients of 9.41 and 8.36, and strengths and opportunities have the lowest coefficients of 7.13 and 6.54. Strategies have been presented in this regard. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

112 - A firefly algorithm for solving competitive location-design problem: a case study
Seyed Jafar Sadjadi Milad Gorji Ashtiani Reza Ramezanian Ahmad Makui

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

113 - Providing a Process Model for Creating the Service Value of Academic Libraries through Knowledge Sharing Behavior
Zahra Faraji Atefeh Zarei Fariborz Doroudi

Objective The purpose of this study was to design a process model of service value creation for clients through knowledge sharing behavior among academic librarians with emphasis on quantitative approach. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of More

Objective The purpose of this study was to design a process model of service value creation for clients through knowledge sharing behavior among academic librarians with emphasis on quantitative approach. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of approach, heuristic, and in terms of data analysis, qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative phase of the research, 9 experts in the field of knowledge management (including academic professors, university library executives, and highly qualified aristocratic advisors) were selected and interviewed in depth. The theoretical saturation of the researcher continued. In the quantitative phase, all librarians of central academic libraries were considered as the statistical population and 210 of them were selected by simple random sampling method. In the quantitative phase, the main data collection tool was also used. A researcher-made questionnaire containing 42 items was designed based on the conceptual model. In the quantitative phase of the research, SPSS and Lisrel softwares were used to perform descriptive and inferential analyzes. Results: In this study, with the emphasis of managers on the necessity of sharing knowledge, in the degree of understanding and willingness and work commitment of librarians, in order to obtain information in the fields of information technology and communication and organizational culture in the library, in order to investigate librarians ' understanding. In the calculation of some of the processes and organizational practices governing the library and during the findings, it was found that benchmarking has a significant effect on libraries of prestigious internal and external universities in knowledge management. Conclusion:Finally, the research results lead to the design of a service value creation process model for university librarians through knowledge sharing behavior among librarians (based on the paradigm model structure), and the hypothetical model relationships are tested in a large community. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

114 - Evaluation of Organizational Intelligence of Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology
nadjla hariri Fatemeh Taromy

Puropse: The purpose of this study is to assess the organizational intelligence of Iran Research Institute for Information Science & Technology. Methodology: The research method is analytical survey, and the population consisted of 150 employee of Iran Research Ins More

Puropse: The purpose of this study is to assess the organizational intelligence of Iran Research Institute for Information Science & Technology. Methodology: The research method is analytical survey, and the population consisted of 150 employee of Iran Research Institute for Information Science & Technology. A questionnaire used based on Karl Albrecht’s Seven Skills. Karl Albrecht presents a model for organizational intelligence that has seven dimensions: strategic vision, shared faith, appetite to change, sprit, alignment and congruence, knowledge deployment and performance pressure. Findings: According to the results, the organizational intelligence mean (3.2) is higher than average. The highest and lowest obtained means relate to knowledge application and change indexes 3.76 and 2.66 respectively. Conclusion: Although the organizational intelligence in Iran Research Institute for Information Science & Technology is higher than average, it still needs augmentation by taking all dimensions of Organizational intelligence into consideration.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

115 - The Effects of Entry of Real Shareholders and Exchange Rate Volatility on the Return on Assets in the Pharmaceutical Materials and Products of Tehran Stock Exchange (Dynamic Panel Data Approach)
Fereshteh Shams Safa marjan damankeshideh Majid AfsharRad Manijeh HadiNejad Alireza Daghighi Asl

AbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volati More

AbstractPharmaceutical industry has a main share in capital market and a considerable role in stock market transactions through the collection of community micro-savings. Hence, the cruicial aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of nominal exchange rate volatility and entry of real shareholders on the return on assets (ROA) in the 32 pharmaceutical materials and products of Tehran stock exchange as a import oriented companies during the period of 2011-2019. For achieving this, by using of Panel GARCH method, the exchange rate volatility has been estimated and then, the impacts of this variabble with other explanatory variabbles such as entry of real shareholders, profit margin, capital and interest rate to the operational profit, have been examined on return on assets in these companies. The empirical results of model estimation by GMM estimator revealed that the exchange rate volatility has negative and entry of real shareholders has positive and significant effect on the return on assets. Moreover, the auxiliary variables like profit margin, capital and interest rate have positive, positive and negative effects on the return on assets. By results of this study, we can suggest that the financial policy makers with decreasing of exchange rate volatility through control of domestic prices and capital market stabilization policies, motivate real shareholders to enter the capital market and increase the production and profitability of pharmaceutical companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - Explaining the Pattern of Job Creation by Production and Service Cooperatives in Kermanshah Province
Zahra Farshadfar

10.30495/ecomag.2023.706731

The issue of employment and manpower in general has always been one of the main concerns of economic policy makers.Achieving economic development and creating employment in the country requires using all available economic potentials in various sectors.The cooperative s More

The issue of employment and manpower in general has always been one of the main concerns of economic policy makers.Achieving economic development and creating employment in the country requires using all available economic potentials in various sectors.The cooperative sector is no exception to this situation. One-dimensional attitude towards economic sectors causes the sterility of environmental capabilities in resource efficiency. Therefore, it should be noted that economic development in any land depends on efficiency, integration and optimal combination between economic sectors (agriculture, industry and services).In this study, using two models of basic economy and regional economy, shifting the share and using the population and housing census statistics of 2011 and 2016 to investigate the causes of proportional or disproportionate growth of employees in Kermanshah province compared to the whole country and determine the basic economic sectors. In Kermanshah province and determining the share of employment in the cooperative sector in the basic parts of the province has been studied.The results show the disproportionate growth of employees in Kermanshah province compared to the country's employees in the period under review and the model of change analysis of the causes of this disproportion expresses competitive and structural changes as negative. Estimation of the basic economy model also identifies the agricultural and service sectors and the building sub-sector as basic sectors.Changes in share change coefficients over time indicate the rapid and unbalanced growth of the service sector in the province and indicate a decrease in the advantage of the industrial sector and an increase in the advantage of the agricultural sector in attracting employees. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

117 - The Impact of Exchange Rate Volatility and Uncertainty on Stock Returns in Tehran Stock Exchange (Case Study: Agriculture and Food Industry)
Ehsan Rajabi

10.30495/ECOMAG.1402.1045575

Extended Abstract Based on macroeconomics and development economics theories, developing countries, like Iran, are facing a high degree of instability of macroeconomic variables. Fluctuations and exchange rate shocks, create an uncertain environment for investors and More

Extended Abstract Based on macroeconomics and development economics theories, developing countries, like Iran, are facing a high degree of instability of macroeconomic variables. Fluctuations and exchange rate shocks, create an uncertain environment for investors and make decisions unconfident situation for future investments. The empirical study of the relationship between fluctuation and instability exchange rate and share returns in the Tehran Stock Exchange market is discussed. The empirical results make it possible for the decision-making managers of the agriculture and food industries to analyze the interaction and behavior of stock returns and exchange rates simultaneously. Second, a better understanding of the short-term movements of these two markets allows financial managers to make informed financial decisions and investments. In such a situation, the policy maker should be aware of applying policies that cause more volatility in the currency market and create uncertainty in it, in order to provide the basis for the sustainable growth of the capital market. Purpose The fluctuations of the exchange rate as an effective contribution to the proper direction, and a more favorable opportunity to be made for trade, and your investment; for the exchange rate from canal of export and import affect the cost of export, stock prices, and returns. This research investigates the effects of volatility and uncertainty of exchange rates on the stocks return of share in cluster of export-oriented, and the import-oriented and agri-food industries. As a result, the research question is: the share returns of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (separated to export-oriented, import-oriented, and agricultural and food industries), in case of exchange rate instability and uncertainty (currency fluctuations), in the period of 2010 to 2019 how will it be affected by it? Methodology This investigation led to a series of 165 holding companies for period of 2010-2019. The volatility measure by Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) method and based model estimate by Structural vector autoregressive model (SVAR). In the first stage, the conditional and generalized heterogeneity variance model is used to extract exchange rate fluctuations. In the next step, the structural vector explanatory model (SVAR) has been used to investigate the effect of currency instability and uncertainty (currency fluctuations) on the returns and stock prices of companies. To estimate the SVAR model, the self-explanatory vector model or the normal VAR model must be estimated first. After determining the optimal interval and performing model validation tests, by applying structural constraints, reaction functions based on structural constraints are specified. Finally, by using shock reaction functions, the effects of currency instability and uncertainty (currency fluctuations) on the stock returns of companies are evaluated. Finding The result shows that there is significant relationship between the exchange rate fluctuations stock return of import - oriented company but in other cases, the export- oriented and Agri-food companies there is no relationship between shares return, and fluctuations of exchange rate even by year lag. Conclusion The impact on the exchange rate and its fluctuations on import-oriented industries is due to the dependence of the industries on imported raw materials (including inputs and machinery and equipment), which imposes costs on producers at rates higher than the supporting exchange rates, and against the stability policy of central bank of Iran leads to the impossibility of foreign exchange rates with the market exchange rates and their foreign exchange income acquisition. This policy constitutes a disconnection of the effect of the exchange rate and its fluctuations on stock returns. The change in the exchange rate from the import channel will affect the cost of intermediate goods, as a result, the prices of the companies' shares will change. For example, with the decrease in the value of the domestic currency, the import price of intermediate and capital goods increases and their import decreases. As a result, stock returns decrease due to the decrease in investment. According to the results of the research, it is suggested to shareholders and lenders to pay attention to exchange rate fluctuations as a factor affecting stock prices in order to make correct and principled decisions of investing in companies' shares and granting credit. If the exchange rate fluctuations are directed in the right direction as a factor affecting stock prices, a more favorable environment for trade and investment will be provided; Because the exchange rate change from the import channel will affect the cost of intermediate goods, as a result, the stock price of the companies will change. For example, with the decrease in the value of the domestic currency, the import price of intermediate and capital goods increases and their import decreases. As a result, stock returns decrease due to the decrease in investment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Type of ownership and audit report lag
Hassan Chenari rostam ranjbar navi

The delay in the issuance of the auditor's report constitutes a failure to provide timely information and reducing the quality of the reported data. This study investigated the relationship between some corporate governance mechanisms (concentrated ownership and blockin More

The delay in the issuance of the auditor's report constitutes a failure to provide timely information and reducing the quality of the reported data. This study investigated the relationship between some corporate governance mechanisms (concentrated ownership and blocking shares) and delays in audit reports on companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange. Information needed for the study of the financial statements of 95 companies in the period 2012-2016 was collected. For the analysis of multivariate regression with panel data is used. The results of the test the first hypothesis suggests that the concentrated ownership and there is not a delay in the audit report. But the results of the second hypothesis showed that blocking the ownership of shares and the delay in the audit report and there is a significant inverse relationship.But the results of the second hypothesis showed that blocking the ownership of shares and the delay in the audit report and there is a significant inverse relationship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - The effect of governance quality on stock market value
BAHMAN khanalizadeh Farid Asgari

Financial markets, including the stock market, with all the positive characteristics they have on the economic growth and development of countries, are influenced by micro and macro factors that increase the inherent risk of this market and affect the assets of investor More

Financial markets, including the stock market, with all the positive characteristics they have on the economic growth and development of countries, are influenced by micro and macro factors that increase the inherent risk of this market and affect the assets of investors. These factors in the theoretical literature include a wide range of variables, recently the quality of governance has been added to the sum of these variables, so that its effects are far more destructive than other factors. For this reason, increasing the governance quality of governments as economic trustees will be able to strengthen the financial markets, including the stock market and securities market, which is one of the important means of financing economic institutions and enterprises. Therefore, in this research, by using the ARDL test, long-term and short-term relationships between the variables of current stock market value (SMV) and governance quality (voice and accountability (VOA), political stability without violence (PON), government effectiveness (GOE), supervisory quality ( REQ), Rule of Law (RUF) and Corruption Control (COC)) in the period of 1374-1399 and using annual data were investigated in Iran. The results indicate that in the short and long term, the impact of governance quality on the value of the Iranian stock market is positive, so that among the governance quality indicators, the most impact is related to the regulatory quality variable (REQ) and the least impact is related to the rule of law variable (RUF). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

120 - The effect of the employer's insurance premium on the operating profit of the price of each share in the stock market
Vahid Faghani zadeh farid asgari bamdad partovi

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the employer's insurance premium rate on the operating profit of each share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This study, in terms of the type of resear More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the employer's insurance premium rate on the operating profit of each share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This study, in terms of the type of research; Correlation is cross-sectional and is considered practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the research included 666 companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange from the beginning of 2012 to the end of 2018, of which 111 companies were selected as a sample by systematic elimination method. In descriptive statistics, community parameters, including central indicators and community dispersion, were measured and information was analyzed using the regression method based on combined data and Hausman's tests, F (Limer)It was done by the software Oviz. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the insurance rate of the employer's share, the operating profit per share and the change in the net sales income of the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, it is better for the social security organization to consider the insurance premium rate according to the inflationary conditions and labor income in order to support the industries in attracting labor and the high insurance premium rate does not cause the company managers to increase the total price. to find goods and services. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - The Study of the Relationship between Some Aspect Corporate Governance and Shareholder Value Added in Tehran Stock Exchange
Hassan Chenari Bouket Yadollah Noorifard

Shareholders are the original owners of a business unit and due to high sensitivity of investors to the performance of companies; wealth is one of the most important objectives of the companies. The purpose of this research is to discover the relationships between so More

Shareholders are the original owners of a business unit and due to high sensitivity of investors to the performance of companies; wealth is one of the most important objectives of the companies. The purpose of this research is to discover the relationships between some of the corporate governance aspects with shareholders value added. In this research, the researchers created shareholders value added measured using Gong (2011). The goal of this research is applied and the method of research methodology is correlational. This study statistic population is firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Therefore, the data from 81 firms for a five-year period (1385-1389) were studied. The multivariate paneled regression model is used to test the given hypotheses. The software used to test hypotheses is E-views 7. The results show that there is positive significant relationship between ownership concentration and shareholder value added but the other aspects of corporate governance (percentage of institutional shareholders and chairmanship of the Board and CEO duality posts) there isn't any significant relationship with shareholder value added. Concentration of ownership of a significant correlation with shareholder value involvement of major stakeholders in the market and pricing trends affected the market value of the shares. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

122 - Evaluation of Relationship between Net Operating Asset and Return Stock
Mohammad Reza Askari Leila Baee Lashaki

Any decision on investment is considered as one of the most important decisions in terms of financial management. Since, the future benefits could not be certainly determined, investment necessarily bears risk. Therefore, it has to be evaluated through its expected v More

Any decision on investment is considered as one of the most important decisions in terms of financial management. Since, the future benefits could not be certainly determined, investment necessarily bears risk. Therefore, it has to be evaluated through its expected value and the level of risk. As a result, deciding on investment indicates total assets of a company together with the composition of such assets and business risk in the eyes of the investors. This paper tends to study the relationship between the net operating asset and the share returns in the companies subscribed in Tehran stoke exchange during 2001 and 2008. This study can contribute to the investors and users in the best selection of shares groupout of various shares of stock Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

123 - شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس: کسب هویت مشترک پست مدرن از طریق ارتباطات مجازی
Abdolreza Goudarzi Morteza Lak

10.30495/ttlt.2022.690707

مقاله حاضر به دنبال بررسی رمان شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس (1962-2008) بوده و بر این باور است که در آن می توان ویژگی های اصلی پسا پست مدرنیسم را یافت. پس از آن، سوال از اصالت و ماهیت هویت انسان یکی دیگر از مسائلی است که این مقاله در عصر برنامه ها و محصولات مجازی More

مقاله حاضر به دنبال بررسی رمان شوخی بی پایان اثر دیوید فاستر والاس (1962-2008) بوده و بر این باور است که در آن می توان ویژگی های اصلی پسا پست مدرنیسم را یافت. پس از آن، سوال از اصالت و ماهیت هویت انسان یکی دیگر از مسائلی است که این مقاله در عصر برنامه ها و محصولات مجازی مانند واتس اپ، تلگرام و وایبر ، علاوه بر شبکه های اجتماعی مانند فیس بوک ، توییتر و یوتیوب مطرح می شود. در واقع، به فردیت انسان بها داده شده و به وی فرصتی داده می‌ شود تا تفکرات خود را بیان کند. با فراهم شدن این موقعیت در شبکه‌ های اجتماعی نوعی به ‌اشتراک‌ گذاری در میان افراد منزوی و جدا از‌ هم به ‌وجود می‌آید. به‌ عبارت ‌دیگر، پسا پست ‌مدرنیسم واکنشی به حس از هم ‌پاشیدگی پست ‌مدرنیسم است ولی به ‌معنای بازگشت به تمامیت ‌خواهی مدرنیسم هم نیست. هر فرد منزوی می‌تواند به یک انسان فعال، خالق ارتباط و مولد تبدیل شود که توانایی خلق معنا و برگرداندن هویت را داشته و صرفاً یک بیننده و خواننده مطلق نباشد. از اینرو، هدف از مطالعه ی حاضر کاوش در رمان شوخی بی‌پایان نوشته ی والاس از نقطه ‌نظر فلاسفه و منتقدینی همچون کربای، والاس و تیمر به ‌منظور روشن ساختن مفاهیم یاد شده است.  Manuscript profile

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124 - Ecological Assessment and Recommendation of Appropriate Zones for Recreational Activities along Karaj River Basin: Case Study on Shahrestanak River
L. Yadegarian A. Jozi M. Zebarjad

This study presents the appropriate zoning for recreational activities along Karaj river basin, with a case study on Shahrestanak River. Shahrestanak Village is located in Alborz Mountains and therefore is a high mountainous region. The Shahrestanak River originates fro More

This study presents the appropriate zoning for recreational activities along Karaj river basin, with a case study on Shahrestanak River. Shahrestanak Village is located in Alborz Mountains and therefore is a high mountainous region. The Shahrestanak River originates from northern slopes of 3930 meters high Tochal Mountain; it is 18 km long and its river discharge, according to annual statistics, is of the order of 30 million m3/s, which supplies Karaj Dam to a great extent. In this research GIS was used to prepare maps for extensive and centralized recreation zoning. Factors of slope, direction, height, soil, and climate were taken into account and classified for zoning of Karaj river basin. Results of the study showed that, 2.05% of the total area of Shahrestanak river basin has zones with adequate potential, 43.19% of the area has zones with relatively adequate potential and 54.73% of the river basin is potentially inadequate for summer intensive (centralized) tourism. Regarding winter intensive (centralized) tourism, 2.07% of Shahrestanak river basin area has zones with adequate potential, 31.67% has zones with relatively adequate potential and 66.27% of the river basin is potentially inadequate for this purpose. However, for extensive tourism, 13.16% of Shahrestanak river basin has zones with adequate potential, 88% has zones with relatively adequate potential and 17.36% of the river basin has zones with inadequate potential. As findings indicate, due to the mountainous condition and high altitude of Shahrestanak region, has a potential for extensive tourism and should be considered as a priority for the area. In addition, the zoning results indicate that only the river banks may have adequate and relatively adequate potential for summer and winter intensive (centralized) tourism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - Seroepidemiological study of HCV infections in Shahrekord jail prisoners
Elahe Tajbakhsh Farshid Paiedar

Background and Objectives: Jail prisoners with or without drug addiction is an high risk population for affecting of different blood born viral complications like hepatitis type C virus (HBV) infection. Then, in this research the seroepidemiological prevalence of HCV in More

Background and Objectives: Jail prisoners with or without drug addiction is an high risk population for affecting of different blood born viral complications like hepatitis type C virus (HBV) infection. Then, in this research the seroepidemiological prevalence of HCV infections and also the possible role of different risk factors of HCV complications were evaluated in jail prisoners of Sharekord. Materials and Methods: In this investigation, the plasma samples of 600 Sharekord jail prisoners were collected and preserved in -20°C. The prevalence of HCV-Ab was monitored by a third generation ELISA protocol in these plasma samples. The possible role of different HCV risk factors like: sex, marriage, history of drug injection, and types of drug addiction, history of prisonership, history of tattooing, transfusion of blood and blood products, unethical sex relationship, and the knowledge of prisoners from the route of HCV transmission were statically analyzed by SPSS and Instat soft wares. Results: HCV-Ab was diagnosed in seventy six of 600(12.66%) jail prisoners by ELISA method. Also the relationship of HCV infection with different risk factors including: sex, marriage, history of drug injection, and types of drug addiction, history of prisonership, history of tattooing, transfusion of blood and blood products, unethical sex relationship, and the knowledge of prisoners from the route of HCV transmission were as follow: 8.16%, 10.66%, 5.83%, 9.16%, 7.33%, 0.33%, 2.16%, 1.0%, and 10.5%. Significant associations were not detected between HCV infections with sex, marriage, transfusion of blood and blood products, unethical sex relationship and knowledge of prisoners from the route of HCV transmission. But significant associations were detected between HCV infections with history of drug injection, and types of drug addiction, history of prisonership, tattooing, and age grouping. Conclusion: Detection of significant associations between HCV infections with history of drug injection, and types of drug addiction, history of prisonership, tattooing, and age grouping, and diagnosis of insignificant associations between HCV infections with different HCV risk factors and also diagnosis of different prevalence of HCV-Ab in jail prisoners announced the need of completed study in other jail populations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

126 - Determination of the prevalence of HBV infections in Shahrekord jail prisoners by EIA method
Farshid Paiedar Elahe Tajbakhsh

Background and Objectives: Viral infections like hepatitis type B virus (HBV) is one of the main causes of blood born microbial complications in high risk groups especially jail prisoners with or without drug addiction. However, in this research the prevalence of HBV in More

Background and Objectives: Viral infections like hepatitis type B virus (HBV) is one of the main causes of blood born microbial complications in high risk groups especially jail prisoners with or without drug addiction. However, in this research the prevalence of HBV infections and also the possible role of different risk factors in HBV presentation were studied in Sharekord jail prisoners. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the blood samples of 600 jail prisoners were collected and their plasma were isolated and stored in -20°C. The prevalence of HBsAg was determined by a third generation ELISA method in these collected samples. Also the possible role of different HBV risk factors like: sex, marriage, history of injected or un-injected drug addiction, prisoner ship history, history of tattooing, transfusion of blood and blood products, unethical sex relationship, and the knowledge of prisoners from the route of HBV transmission were statically analyzed by SPSS and Instat soft wares. Results: HBsAg was detected in 90 of 600(15%) jail prisoners. Also the relationship of HBV infection with multiple risk factors including: sex, marriage, history of injected or uninjected drug addiction, prisoner ship history, history of tattooing, transfusion of blood and blood products, unethical sex relationship, and the knowledge of prisoners from the route of HBV transmission were as follow: 14.66%, 9.5%, 7.34%, 3.17%, 4.66%, 4.0%, 1.16%, 1.0%, and 8.66%. Significant associations were not detected between HBV infections with history of drug addiction and types of drug addiction, prisoner ship history, unethical sex relationship and knowledge of prisoners from the route of HBV transmission. But significant associations were detected between HBV infections with tattooing and transfusion of blood and blood products. Conclusion: Detection of significant associations between HBV infections with tattooing and transfusion of blood and blood products and insignificant associations between HBV infections with different HBV risk factors and also diagnosis of different prevalence of HBsAg, announced the need of completed study in other jail populations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

127 - Fundamentals of Commitment to Disclosure of Exchange Company Information in Iranian and Common Law
bahram taqipoor alireza salehifar Rauf sayyari

10.30495/alr.2022.1960054.2380

Field and Aims: Most of the stock offering by publishers and their purchase by shareholders are in accordance with the principle of free will of the parties, but this freedom will affect the efficiency of this market due to the superiority of the publisher over other ca More

Field and Aims: Most of the stock offering by publishers and their purchase by shareholders are in accordance with the principle of free will of the parties, but this freedom will affect the efficiency of this market due to the superiority of the publisher over other capital market participants. Sharing this procedure of information transparency means obtaining information related to the performance of the rounds, the financial status and the financial situation, the financial situation and the financial situation, etc.Method: In terms of gathering information, the current research is descriptive, analytical and comparative. In this research, it is tried to report what is without any interference or subjective inference and obtain objective results from the situation.Finding and Conclusion: The findings of this research, based on the comparative study of the legal systems of three countries, indicate that, unlike the legal system of Iran, where the principles of the obligation to disclose information due to the lack of specific laws and judicial procedures are subject to the general rules contained in the Securities Market Law and other laws, in American and English laws have dealt with this issue hundreds of years ago in different laws; Therefore, preserving the rights of shareholders, public order, good faith, fairness and avoiding financial abuse are known as the most important principles of the obligation to disclose information about companies admitted to the stock market. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - بررسی رابطه کیفیت سود و ساختار سرمایه (مطالعه موردی: شرکت‌های غیرمالی پذیرش شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران)
سید سجاد علم الهدی عبداله دریابر سمانه طریقی

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Open Access Article

129 - تحلیل تأثیر بازار بورس بین المللی بر بازار بورس ایران : استفاده از رهیافت سیستم دینامیکی و GARCH
نعمت فلیحی تیمور محمدی معصومه شاه کرم اوغلی

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Open Access Article

130 - Comparative Investigating of Stock Valuation Discount Models with Emphasizing on Type of Industry in Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange
Mehdi Arabsalehi Alireza Kamali Dehkordi

10.30495/fed.2023.705594

Abstract The purpose of this research is to compare the accuracy of models of discounting cash profits, discounting cash flows, residual profits and growth of abnormal profits in explaining the changes in the share prices of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchang More

Abstract The purpose of this research is to compare the accuracy of models of discounting cash profits, discounting cash flows, residual profits and growth of abnormal profits in explaining the changes in the share prices of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1391 to 1398, considering the effect of the type of industry on the performance of these models. done. To carry out this research, the statistical sample, which included 105 companies, was divided into two groups: strategic industries and non-strategic industries. Then the aforementioned models were compared in relation to strategic industries and non-strategic industries. Also, the performance of each model was compared between strategic and non-strategic industries. The results of running the models and carrying out T-tests and variance analysis show that in strategic industries, the intrinsic values estimated by the models of discounting cash profits and discounting cash flows have the highest correlation with the stock market value. But in non-strategic industries, the intrinsic values estimated by any of the studied models had no significant correlation with the stock market value. On the other hand, the correlation coefficient of the intrinsic values estimated by all four models except the residual profit model with the stock market value was significantly higher in strategic industries than in non-strategic industries. The results show that in the Tehran Stock Exchange, profit cash items as well as cash flows are accepted more than other accounting information as criteria for buying and selling stocks. Also, the results of the research show that the profits and cash flows of companies active in strategic industries are more stable than in non-strategic industries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

131 - An attempt to forecast employment by economic sectors: 4141 (0402)
Shahriar Nessabian Saleh Ghavidel

Forecasting employment and unemployment figures for Iran can help depict labor market condition on horizon of vision plan. Using ARIMA model, the author has aimed to forecast the share of economic sectors, namely agriculture, industry and mines and service sector, in Ir More

Forecasting employment and unemployment figures for Iran can help depict labor market condition on horizon of vision plan. Using ARIMA model, the author has aimed to forecast the share of economic sectors, namely agriculture, industry and mines and service sector, in Iran’s employment over the period of 6009-6062. The findings of this paper indicate that over the past 20 years (6723-6003) employment trends have not been uniform for these sectors, i.e., it has been decreasing for agriculture and increasing at a slow rate for industry and mines. For service sectors it has been constantly increasing. The findings further provide the ground to argue that this pattern of developments in employment would be maintained on the horizon of vision plan in 6101(6062) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

132 - The Effect of Electronic Banking on Return on Equity for Selected Banks in Tehran Stock Exchange
سید شمس الدین حسینی حمید فرامرزی عباد

Electronic banking is a result of entering information and communication technology in the field of banking that led to reduced bank’s and costumer's costs. Use of electronic banking instruments such as automated teller machine (ATM) and point of sales (POS) has r More

Electronic banking is a result of entering information and communication technology in the field of banking that led to reduced bank’s and costumer's costs. Use of electronic banking instruments such as automated teller machine (ATM) and point of sales (POS) has released delivery of banking services from the liabilities of time and location and affect the profitability of banks. This study has investigated the effect of electronic banking expansion on return on equity (ROE) in eight banks in the Tehran Stock Exchange included four private banks (Eghtesad novin, Parsian, Pasargad, Sina) and for state-owned banks that has been transferred their shares to the Stock Exchange (Saderat, Mellat, Tejarat, Post bank); in period of 1385-1393. Based on Generalized Least Square (GLS) approach and panel data method we found a significant positive effects between ROE and independent variables  such as ATM/Branch, SPOS, HHI and GDP .   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

133 - Investigating the effects of types of cash flow and controlling shareholders on the relationship between profit management and financial performance to predict financial bankruptcy (firefly algorithm)
Gurban Heki Behrouz Sadeghi Amroabadi Seyyed Mohammad Reza Davodi

10.30495/fed.2023.705596

Abstract Companies need sufficient resources to continue operating, including sufficient cash to pay lenders. If the company does not have enough ability to acquire resources to meet its needs, it will suffer financial helplessness. When faced with financial helplessne More

Abstract Companies need sufficient resources to continue operating, including sufficient cash to pay lenders. If the company does not have enough ability to acquire resources to meet its needs, it will suffer financial helplessness. When faced with financial helplessness, companies manipulate accounting profit as one of the performance evaluation items. In this situation, the management manages the profit by manipulating the accounts, the purpose of which is to give good information and news to the capital market, in order to prevent the decrease of the company's value. If the accounts are manipulated, the existence philosophy of the financial statements will be damaged and their reliability will be lost. Therefore, in the present research, the effects of cash flow types and controlling shareholders on the relationship between profit management and financial performance have been analyzed in order to predict financial bankruptcy in Tehran stock exchange companies. For this purpose, the data of 128 selected companies during the period of 1390 to 1398 have been used. Data analysis was done in two parts; In the first part, using the panel data regression method, the effect of cash flow types and controlling shareholders on the relationship between profit management and financial performance of companies has been estimated. The results of this part showed that the profit management variable had positive effects and the performance variables, controlling shareholders, capital cash flows, equity cash flows and free operating cash flows had a negative effect on the bankruptcy criteria of companies; In addition, it was observed that the types of cash flows examined in this research had a moderating effect on the relationship between profit management and corporate bankruptcy. Next, in the second part of the analysis, based on the coefficients obtained in the previous part and using the firefly algorithm, it is discussed. The results of this part also showed that the percentage of success of the firefly algorithm in predicting the bankruptcy of companies was equal to 98.12%. Based on this, it is suggested that policies based on control and preservation of various cash flows and the use of controlling shareholders be used to reduce the possibility of bankruptcy of companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

134 - Designing and optimizing the value creation model for bank customers in the process of creating a common brand value.
hamidreza kojouri vahidreza mirabi hosin safarzadeh

review of the trends in the banking system in our country also confirms the fact that financial services providers, including public and private banks, financial and credit institutions and credit unions, are gradually moving towards a more competitive environment with More

review of the trends in the banking system in our country also confirms the fact that financial services providers, including public and private banks, financial and credit institutions and credit unions, are gradually moving towards a more competitive environment with more products and services. the aim of the present study is to design and implement a value creation model for bank customers in the process of creating a common brand value. According to its objectives and in terms of the process of doing the work, the present research is a descriptive research and exploratory survey. The statistical population in the qualitative section is composed of bank managers of Bank shahr branches located in Tehran province method until theoretical saturation, . The Qualitative interview and in a small part of the questionnaire was used, the validity of which was confirmed by expert opinions and reliability with Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the data, qualitative content analysis and structural equations were used with PLS software. The results showed that The dimensions of the model include customer motivation, customer value, organizational factors, customer experience, customer loyalty and image They are the mind of the customer and the model has a good fit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

135 - The Effect of Financial Reporting Quality on Relationship between Short-term institutional Shareholders and Business Strategies
HamidReza Mehravar Negar khosravipour zahra Lashgari

Institutional investors have a sufficient incentive to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure and to monitor manager's behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of financial reporting, investment horizon a More

Institutional investors have a sufficient incentive to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure and to monitor manager's behavior. The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality of financial reporting, investment horizon and trading strategy of institutional investors of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. This research has been conducted in 135 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that have been selected based on the systematic elimination method. Also, this research has been done based on the information contained in the financial reports of companies in the period of 2009 to 2018. The method used is regression based on panel data. The results of the study regression model showed that the quality of financial reporting has a significant and positive effect on the relationship between short-term institutional investors and trading strategy but short-term institutional shareholders are temporary investors pay more attention to current earnings in determining stock prices than to encourage managers to improve the quality of financial reporting and disclosure. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

136 - The Relationship between Earnings Management and Value Relevance of Accounting Informtion
S. Hossein Sajadi Hasan Farazmand Mehdi Arabi

The purpose of this research is investigation of the impact of earnings management on value relevance of earnings per share and its book value as accounting information in the context of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. This study used earnings management meas More

The purpose of this research is investigation of the impact of earnings management on value relevance of earnings per share and its book value as accounting information in the context of companies listed in Tehran stock exchange. This study used earnings management measures constructed by Leuz et al(2001) and Bhattacharya et al(2001) and examines the relationship between these measures and their impact on the value relevance of accounting information. In this research, data are analyzed for the period of 2004-2009 by using of the Pooled Data system and Ordinary Least Square Regressions(OLS) Model. The results show that aggregate earnings management measures are significantly negatively associated with the value relevance of earnings per share and its book value. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

137 - The Effect of Some Corporate Governance Tools on Information Asymmetry around Quarterly Earnings Announcement with Autoregressive Vector Model
Mohsen Dastgir Javad Aghanaghi Amir Rasaiian

his study provides some evidences in relationship between tools of corporate governance on information asymmetry around quarterly earnings announcement. Therefore ed a sample includes 326 earnings announcement of 158 listed companies in Tehran stock exchange during the More

his study provides some evidences in relationship between tools of corporate governance on information asymmetry around quarterly earnings announcement. Therefore ed a sample includes 326 earnings announcement of 158 listed companies in Tehran stock exchange during the years 1383 to 1388. To test the hypotheses has been used model autoregressive vector. The variables have been used for corporate governance were percentage of institutional shareholders and percentage of independent directors and bid ask spread has been used as an index of information asymmetry. The results indicate that percentage of institutional shareholders and percentage of independent directors are not effective on bid ask spread around quarterly earnings announcement and indicate or tools of corporate governance are not effective on information asymmetry around quarterly earnings announcement. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

138 - Investigating the relationship between Integrated Report Quality and earnings forecasting bias and Share Price Informativeness
Muhammad Vahdani Javad Muhammadi Mehr

10.30495/faar.2024.709444

Abstract Integrated financial reporting provides investors with a comprehensive understanding and insight into the company and reduces the costs of obtaining information, processing, facilitating and combining relevant and effective information, and ultimately raising More

Abstract Integrated financial reporting provides investors with a comprehensive understanding and insight into the company and reduces the costs of obtaining information, processing, facilitating and combining relevant and effective information, and ultimately raising stock price awareness, improving information quality and facilitating more efficient capital allocation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between integrated financial reporting with earnings forecasting bias and stock price awareness. The statistical population of this research is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and 167 companies in the period 1391 to 1399 have been selected by systematic elimination method. Also, to test the research hypotheses, a multivariate regression model based on composite data was used. The results of the first hypothesis indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between integrated financial reporting and behavioral financial bias in stock price forecasting. The results of testing the second hypothesis showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between integrated financial reporting and accuracy of profit forecasting. Integrated financial reporting with disclosure of financial and non-financial information from the financial reporting process and corporate activity makes investors and analysts more accurate forecasts. The results of testing the third hypothesis showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between integrated financial reporting and stock price awareness. He said that by combining financial and non-financial information, the process of creating value for the company in the form of financial reporting makes the information content of stock prices informative and investors in stocks make optimal decisions according to rational investment theory. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

139 - A Neural Network of Dividend Payout Ratio Determinants
Mahdi Moradzadeh Fard Parisa Attary Motlagh

This research analyzes the determinants of dividend payout ratio, using a sample of Tehran Stock Exchange companies and it also compares the predictive power of neural networks and regression model to estimate dividend payout ratio. The purpose of this research is ident More

This research analyzes the determinants of dividend payout ratio, using a sample of Tehran Stock Exchange companies and it also compares the predictive power of neural networks and regression model to estimate dividend payout ratio. The purpose of this research is identification and explanation of the determinants of dividend payout ratio, evaluation of the importance of these determinants, and presentation of a descriptive model of dividend payout ratio determinants. Among the different theories and ideas researchers in the field of finance about dividend, in this study, signaling theory, agency theory and residual theory of dividend have been studied. In order to review the theories, first substituting variables were determined and then the necessary information for 133 companies was gathered during six years(83-88). The information was analyzed via statistical methods based on correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and artificial neural networks. The results of this research indicate the existence of a significant and positive relationship between dividend payout ratio and “last year dividend payout ratio, ownership dispersion and free cash flow(FCF)”. A comparison between regression and neural network models indicating more accurate prediction of dividend payout ratio using neural network model. Also in structure(7-13-1) of neural network, a model with “learning initial=0/15 and momentum= 0/9” shows that revenue growth, last year dividend payout ratio, and ownership dispersion are the most important determinants of dividend payout ratio. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

140 - The Relationship between Amount of Free Floating Stock and Equity Risk
Aziz Gord Hamid Sayeed Jarahi Sedigheh Kamran Rad

The purpose of this study is testing the impact of the amount of free floating stock on the rate of equity risk on the Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In the other words, we check that the amount of Free Floating Stock, how effect on Equity Risk. To perform this study, More

The purpose of this study is testing the impact of the amount of free floating stock on the rate of equity risk on the Tehran Stock Exchange companies. In the other words, we check that the amount of Free Floating Stock, how effect on Equity Risk. To perform this study, a typical group including fifty top companies were ed in 1387. The seasonal data including ten periods of three months and time length 1385 to 1387 was obtain and examined. In this research, the rate of free floating rate as independent and Equity Risk as dependent variable was considered. This research with descriptive and collective methods was performed by putting the assumption into test and data disseminations of the research purpose, parametric test, and collective non parametric and regression analysis have been used in regard to decision making and research assumptions based on probabilities theories research ambiguities have been removed. Research results indicate reverse and meaningful relationship between the amount of Free Floating stock and Equity Risk during the period of research has been performed.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

141 - Strong Shareholder Rights, Internal Capital Allocation Efficiency, and the Moderating Role of Market Competition and External Financing Needs
Fereshteh Feizabadi

10.30495/faar.2023.707974

Abstract Nowdays, the capital market in developing countries is considered as a tool to increase investment and economic growth. Since efficiency is the main and most The purpose of this study was to Investigate strong shareholder rights on the internal capital allocat More

Abstract Nowdays, the capital market in developing countries is considered as a tool to increase investment and economic growth. Since efficiency is the main and most The purpose of this study was to Investigate strong shareholder rights on the internal capital allocation efficiency, the role of competition and external financing in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.The spatial domain of this research was the companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange . In this research, the rights of the strong shareholders of the independent variable and the efficiency of internal capital allocation  of the dependent variable were considered..In the data section of the study, data were collected from sample companies by referring to financial statements, explanatory notes and stock exchange monthly.Based on systematic elimination method, 100 companies were selected as statistical sample.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to describe and summarize the data collected.In order to analyze the data, pre-tests of variance homogeneity, F-Lemer test, Hausman test, and Dicky-Fuller  test and then multivariate regression test were used to confirm and reject the research hypotheses (EViews  software).The results showed that strong shareholder rights significantly increase the internal capital allocation efficiency.However, the moderating effect of market competition and external financing needs is not found to be significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

142 - The strategy of the rule of justice in climate change and the guarantee of sustainable human security with an emphasis on the principle of shared but different responsibilities.
Hadi Masoudifar Alireza Arashpoor Masoud Raei Dehaghi

Among the general principles of law and progressive scientific rules, the rule of fairness has a prominent value and position, and since this rule has considerable flexibility, it has the ability to be applied in dealing with new issues and challenges of public internat More

Among the general principles of law and progressive scientific rules, the rule of fairness has a prominent value and position, and since this rule has considerable flexibility, it has the ability to be applied in dealing with new issues and challenges of public international law. Is. Therefore, while defining the rule of fairness, it is necessary to evaluate the position of this rule in the implementation of international agreements related to the field of international environmental law, and also to analyze the need to protect the environment based on the requirements of public opinion in jurisprudence. Accordingly, in this study, which was conducted inductively and using library studies, while evaluating the application of the rule of justice in ensuring human security, it was found that the rule of justice through the principle of "joint but different responsibility" in the Paris Climate Change Conference Has been exploited. On the other hand, it has been shown that the rule of fairness in international environmental law has led to the introduction of the term "climate justice". Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

143 - Comparative survey of credit risk models based on accounting information and market information from the perspective of stakeholders
Mohammad Roshandel Fereydon Rahnama Rodposhti Mirfeyz Fallah Hashem Nikoomaram

This study compares the credit risk of banks from the perspective of stakeholders through two models based on accounting information and a model based on market information. The purpose is to evaluate the performance of models that estimate the bank's credit risk either More

This study compares the credit risk of banks from the perspective of stakeholders through two models based on accounting information and a model based on market information. The purpose is to evaluate the performance of models that estimate the bank's credit risk either from accounting data or share price information. In Merton model, the value of equity is determined and by estimating the daily value of assets according to the model and comparing it with the value of debts, the bank's credit risk is determined. In the Logit model, changes in the NPL of the bank is compared with this ratio in the industry and credit risk is considered as a binary variable. The Z-score model uses changes in the ratio of return on assets and the ratio of equity to total assets and standard deviation of return on assets. Independent research variables are five groups leverage ratios, management efficiency, profitability quality, financial health, and liquidity. In this study, a sample of banks during the period from 2007 to 2017 has been selected and using the Rock Statistics test, all models are above the middle and are efficient. Their efficiency, respectively is 99.48%- 98.38% and 92.68%. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

144 - The mediating effect of banking system fragility on the relationship between controlling shareholder sensitivity and interest rate divergence
simin rajizadeh Amirhossein Taebi Noghondari Hadis Zeinali

Banks and credit institutions, as one of the main pillars of financial markets, have special vulnerabilities in this field and make them fragile in the face of crises. Depending on their situation, banks offer different interest rates on interest on deposits and facilit More

Banks and credit institutions, as one of the main pillars of financial markets, have special vulnerabilities in this field and make them fragile in the face of crises. Depending on their situation, banks offer different interest rates on interest on deposits and facilities, which leads to interest rate divergence. This study investigates the mediating effect of banking system fragility on the relationship between the sensitivity of controlling shareholders and interest rate divergence in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. In this study, 31 banks and financial institutions listed on the stock exchange were reviewed annually during the years 2011 to 2020. The results of testing the hypotheses using multivariate regression method show that 1- There is a negative and significant relationship between the sensitivity of controlling stakeholders and interest rate divergence. 2- There is a negative and significant relationship between the sensitivity of controlling shareholders and the fragility of the banking system. 3. There is a negative and significant relationship between the fragility of the banking system and interest rate divergence. 4. The fragility of the banking system explains the relationship between the sensitivity of controlling shareholders and interest rate divergence. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

145 - The effect of number of shareholders on the behavior and value of companies based on the two models, Yang, and Ustaruk and Austenberg
annahita zandi Fraydoon Rahnamay Roodposhti

Officials and executives from various businesses generally believe that the breadth of the stockholders' base has significant market interest. Although researchers have also agreed on the basis that shareholders are one of the key determinants of company decisions, few More

Officials and executives from various businesses generally believe that the breadth of the stockholders' base has significant market interest. Although researchers have also agreed on the basis that shareholders are one of the key determinants of company decisions, few studies have been conducted on this variable. In this study, it was found that the increase of the stockholders base, unlike the developed countries, in Iran, is not in the interest of the companies. The results suggest that raising the shareholder base will increase the risk of conflict between investors and controlling shareholders. In addition, the findings show that this increase has a negative and significant relationship with the risk behavior and value of the company, and has positive and significant benefits with the dividend. In addition, the results of this study indicate that With increasing agency conflicts, the possibility of expropriating individuals outside of the organization will increase by the internal members of the company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

146 - Comparison of Explanatory Power of Carhart Four-Factor Model and Fama-French Five-Factor Model in Prediction of Expected Stock Returns
Hashem Hezbi Allahkaram Salehi

This study aims to compare explanatory power of Carhart four-factor model and Fama-French five-factor model in prediction of expected stock return in listed firms of Tehran Stock Exchange. To do this, a sample of 142 firms was selected from 2009 to 2013. In this study, More

This study aims to compare explanatory power of Carhart four-factor model and Fama-French five-factor model in prediction of expected stock return in listed firms of Tehran Stock Exchange. To do this, a sample of 142 firms was selected from 2009 to 2013. In this study, hypotheses from multiple regression approach were evaluated using panel data method. Results show that Fama-French five-factor model has more explanatory power than Carhart four-factor model in predicting firms' stock returns. Also, results indicate that adding two factors, profitability and investment, to three-factor model increases the model power in explanation of stock returns of firms. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

147 - The Effect of Managers Myopia on Investors Behavior in the Capital Market
seyed hamed naghibi esfahani Mohammadreza Abdoli

This research aims to measure the stock market reaction to the manager’s myopia. Manager myopia tends to increase the current stock prices and inflate the current profitability by decreasing long term profitability or increasing cash flows. The statistical popula More

This research aims to measure the stock market reaction to the manager’s myopia. Manager myopia tends to increase the current stock prices and inflate the current profitability by decreasing long term profitability or increasing cash flows. The statistical population of this research is all companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1385 to 1394 (Hijri calendar). After applying some filters and restrictions, 117 companies were selected and investigated. The results indicate that myopia does not have a significant negative impact on abnormal returns, obtained at the time of profit report. Overall results indicate that the capital market in the form of efficiency (stocks and time of profit report) don’t have significant reaction to manager’s myopia. In the same time, manager’s myopia has a positive significant effect on return on future assets, as a measure of future financial performance. In summary, the results indicate that the capital market doesn’t react to manager’s myopia but manager’s myopia affects future financial performance of investigated companies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

148 - Impacts of Intellectual Capital on the Assets and Share Liquidity : Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange
khosro moradi shahdadi Ali Asghar Anvary Rostamy Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar seyed jallal sadeghisharifasl

Asset and share liquidity regards two major subjects in financial literature. Liquidity increases firms’ attractiveness instock markets and reduces their risk and financing costs. According to the literature, one expect that firms with a higher value of intellectu More

Asset and share liquidity regards two major subjects in financial literature. Liquidity increases firms’ attractiveness instock markets and reduces their risk and financing costs. According to the literature, one expect that firms with a higher value of intellectual capital intelligently pay more attention to their asset and shar liquidity. This research aims to investigate the impacts of intellectual capital on asset and share liquidity of companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose, data for 147 manufacturing companies for the period of 1388-1394 was gathered. In order to measure intellectual capital Pulic model applied. To measure the asset liquidity the liquidity ratio, and to measure share liquidity, the liquidity rank of companies that announces by Tehran Stock Exchange was used. In orer to test the hypothese, multi- variable regression models with combined data method applied. The results indicate significant relations between intellectual capital with both asset and share liquidity in Tehran Stock Exchange, which means that companies with a higher intellectual capital are more liquid. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

149 - Relationship between Asset Revaluation and Stock Price Fluctuations and Analysis of Shareholder Behavior
امیرعباس صاحبقرانی هادی سجلاتی

10.30495/jdaa.2022.693142

Abstract Necessity of the research because one of the shortcomings of historical cost is the lack of reflection of the day value of assets in inflationary conditions, which will affect the capital market. And analysis of shareholder behavior. The statistical population More

Abstract Necessity of the research because one of the shortcomings of historical cost is the lack of reflection of the day value of assets in inflationary conditions, which will affect the capital market. And analysis of shareholder behavior. The statistical population is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, taking into account the information close to the research time, in the period from 1395 to 1398. Data collection is used from Rahavard and Kadal sites. Final data analysis is also performed using Eviews10 software. The results show that there is a direct relationship between revaluation and fluctuations in the company's stock price and this relationship is positive so that in the capital market by performing the revaluation process, the risk of price impact as a price increase from the revaluation process. Be it officially or as a rumor or news item, in these cases it often has a psychological atmosphere and a positive effect. There is no significant relationship between revaluation and stock price fluctuations of companies with net losses and between revaluation and stock price fluctuations of companies with high trading volume. Due to the current increase in inflation in the country and the up-to-dateness of the issue of revaluation among capital market residents, various companies are working in this direction, which is an important issue. Also, the effect of revaluation on the price and the news through which it affects the stocks of companies, causes users, investors, creditors and shareholders to have different behaviors towards it. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

150 - Investigating the role of Social Responsibility, Service Quality, and Corporate Identity of Organizations and Customers on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty (Case Study: Pasargad Bank)
abdillah naami seyedeh shima eftekhari sinjani Aliakbar Shahri Mejarshin

Considering the fact that the customers of a company or organization is the most important factor of profitability and prosperity are of special and importance, therefore, in this descriptive survey, the present survey investigates the effect of social responsibility on More

Considering the fact that the customers of a company or organization is the most important factor of profitability and prosperity are of special and importance, therefore, in this descriptive survey, the present survey investigates the effect of social responsibility on satisfaction and loyalty of Pasargad bank customers in West Tehran Branch. For this purpose, a research model has been developed, which is based on nine hypotheses. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire. Also, a random statistical sample of this study was conducted by 384 Pasargad bank customers. Data were analyzed using SPSS and LIZREL software. According to the results, the variables of social responsibility, service quality, and customer-client identity are affected by the customer satisfaction. Also, the identity of the organization and the client do not affect customer loyalty. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

151 - Comparison of the Power of Explaining Theory of Clean Surplus and Prospect Theory in Companies Listed of Tehran Stock Exchange
Afshin Badiei Saeid Ali Ahmadi

10.30495/afi.2023.1987904.1230

Purpose: The common theory for stock price valuation based on accounting data is clean surplus theory. Also, the value function can be determined based on the prospect theory. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to compare the explanatory power of the clean su More

Purpose: The common theory for stock price valuation based on accounting data is clean surplus theory. Also, the value function can be determined based on the prospect theory. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to compare the explanatory power of the clean surplus theory and the prospect theory.Research Methodology: Using a systematic method, 152 listed companies were selected as the research sample. The research period is from 2009 to 2022. Research variables include operating earnings, book value and market value. In this research, research hypotheses were tested using multivariate regression and using panel data.Results: The results indicate that the power of explaining the operating earnings of per share is greater in the theory of a clean surplus of the theory of prospect. Also, the results of the research showed that the explanatory power of accrual items of operating earnings of per share is greater in the theory of a clean surplus of the theory of prospect. However, the explanatory power of cash items of operating earnings of per share does not differ between the theory of a clean surplus and the theory of prospect. Originality / Value: Based on the findings of the present research, capital market investors can use the clean surplus theory to determine stock valuation. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

152 - Analysis and explanation of stock returns based on third and fourth order torques of non-systematic risk and the role of arbitrage constraints and investors' limited attention to it
roqaye talebi Majid Zanjirdar Mohammadreza pour Fakharan

10.30495/afi.2022.1945563.1068

The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of stock returns to non-systematic risk torque measurement models. The spatial scope of this research was the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain was between 2013and 2020. The presen More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the response of stock returns to non-systematic risk torque measurement models. The spatial scope of this research was the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain was between 2013and 2020. The present research is in the category of applied research. If the classification of types of research is considered based on the nature and method, the method of the present research is descriptive in terms of nature and is considered as a correlational research in terms of method. Based on the systematic elimination method, 152 companies were selected as a statistical sample. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used to describe and summarize the collected data. In order to analyze the data, first the variance heterogeneity pre-tests, F-Limer test and Jark-Bra test were used, and then multivariate regression were used to confirm and reject the research hypotheses (EVIEWS software). The results showed the effect of unsystematic risk torques on future stock returns with increasing limited shareholder attention; Arbitrage restrictions as well as the simultaneous interaction between limited shareholder attention and arbitrage restrictions are intensifying; The obtained results eliminate the contradiction of studies and are consistent with the documents mentioned in the theoretical framework of research and financial literature. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

153 - Managers' money beliefs and financing attitudes
Ali Beidaghi Mohammad Reza Vatanparast Mehrdad Sadr Ara

10.30495/afi.2022.700308

Purpose: According to behavioral studies, the decision-making and behavior of company managers are among the factors affecting the type of their attitude toward various issues. This study aims to study the relationship between managers' money beliefs to their financing More

Purpose: According to behavioral studies, the decision-making and behavior of company managers are among the factors affecting the type of their attitude toward various issues. This study aims to study the relationship between managers' money beliefs to their financing tendencies (internal or external).Methodology: In this study, data were collected through a questionnaire and the convenient sampling method. The study population is CEOs or financial managers of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2021. The study sample size (n = 183) was determined using the Morgan table, and 159 usable answer sheets were received.Findings: The results of the statistical analysis of data did not show a significant relationship between money avoidance beliefs and financing attitudes. In addition, the money vigilance belief had a positive relationship with the tendency to finance through retained earnings, stock issuance, and borrowing. Money status belief had a positive association with the external financing attitude (borrowing and stock). The money worship belief was positively related to the financing attitude through retained earnings and the issuance of shares.Originality / Value: Since managers' money beliefs can affect their behavior, this issue has not been the focus of previous research. The results of this research can be effective in improving decision-making. Also, the results of this research expand the literature in the field of financing. Companies can pay attention to the money beliefs of managers to reduce the conflict of interests between shareholders and managers by predicting their financing policies and considering the company's development policies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

154 - Investigating the effect of emotional tendency and mass behavior of shareholders on the risk of falling stock prices
Rozhein Shakornia Mohsen Dastgir Afsaneh Soroshyar

10.30495/afi.2023.1979850.1197

Purpose: The purpose of this research i The risk of falling stocks is one of the concerns of investors, and increasing the risk of falling stocks causes pessimism among investors in the stock exchange, and this massive behavior leads to the aggravation of market fluctua More

Purpose: The purpose of this research i The risk of falling stocks is one of the concerns of investors, and increasing the risk of falling stocks causes pessimism among investors in the stock exchange, and this massive behavior leads to the aggravation of market fluctuations, destabilization of markets, and increased fragility of financial systems, The investors in the stock market is to obtain a reasonable return, is obtained from the two parts of stock price changes and dividends, so that investors financial analysts should be able to predict stock prices returns using investment models.Methodology: The present research is objective, practical and in terms of nature; It is descriptive and correlational. For this purpose, two hypotheses were formulated and data related to 100 member companies of Tehran Stock Exchange were used for the time period of 1391 to 1399. To test the hypotheses, the multivariate regression technique using the panel data method was used. Findings: There is a positive and significant relationship between the emotional tendency of investors and the risk of falling stock prices, and there is also a positive and significant relationship between the collective behavior of shareholders and the risk of falling stock prices.Research methodology: the present research is objective, practical and in terms of nature; It is descriptive and correlational. For this purpose, two hypotheses were formulated and data related to 100 member companies of Tehran Stock Exchange were used for the period of 2011 to 2019. To test the hypotheses, the multivariate regression technique using the panel data method has been used.Originality / Value: The results showed that the behavioral biases of investors, including emotional tendency and mass behavior, have led to a decrease in the efficiency of the stock market, as well as a decrease in the rationality of investors' decision-making, which results in an increase in the risk of falling stock Prices. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

155 - Strategic Shared Leadership Model in Manufacturing Knowledge – Based Companies
Amir Nikkar mohamad haghighi Mohammad Ali shahhoseini asadolah kordnaeij

Nowadays the necessity of strategic leadership and shared leadership skills and competencies in order   to performance improvement and organizational success has been proved. Furthermore, in recent years a new style of leadership as strategic shared leadership More

Nowadays the necessity of strategic leadership and shared leadership skills and competencies in order   to performance improvement and organizational success has been proved. Furthermore, in recent years a new style of leadership as strategic shared leadership which pertains to top managers’  shared leadership in the strategic level of the organization has been proposed. The main purpose of  this research is to develop strategic shared leadership model for top managers in manufacturing knowledge-based companies through qualitative research method based on grounded theory.    Accordingly, 15 top managers with scientific background and managerial experiences related to this style of leadership in manufacturing knowledge-based companies were selected as the contributors. Furthermore, data collection was obtained through semi-structured interview with purposive sampling. Also, data analysis was performed through three stages including open coding, axial  coding and selective coding based on Strauss and Corbin systematic approach. The analysis of  results reveals that in the strategic shared leadership model for top managers in manufacturing knowledge-based companies, causal conditions include: leaders’ traits and team characteristics; contextual conditions include: underlying factors and environmental factors; phenomenon includes: strategic shared leadership; intervening conditions include: behavioral integrity, supportive   atmosphere, collective decision making, organizational learning, competency-based approach and  talent-based approach; strategies include: leaders participation development and leaders  empowerment; consequences include: attitudinal achievements and performance achievements Manuscript profile

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